The state herald. (Holyoke, Logan County, Colo.) 1887-1921, 1910-06-10

Romanes lecture, his subject being
biological Analogies in History" The
lecture had been scheduled for delivery
on May IS, but of course was post
poned on account of King Edwards
demise. It was given in the Sheldon
Ian theater and Lord Curzon, as chan
cellor Of the university, presided and
introduced the lecturer.
In seeking to penetrate the causes
of the mysteries that surround not
only mankind but all life, both In the
present and the past. said Mr.. Roose-
welt, we see strange analogies In the
phenomena of life and death, OF birth
growth and change. between those
physical groups Of animal life which
We designate as species. forms, races
and the highly complex and composite
entities which rise before our minds
when we speak of nations and civil
lizations. 1t is this study. he assert
ed, that has given science Its present
day prominence. and the historian OF
mankind must work in the scientific
spirit and use the treasure-houses of
science.
To illustrate, the lecturer took sew
eral instances of the development OF
new species and the extinction OF spe-
cies In the history Of mammalian life,
showing that in some cases the causes
can be traced with considerable accu-
racy, and in other cases We cannot so
much as hazard a guess as to why
given change occurred.
Analoses In Human History.
Continuing. Mr.. Roosevelt said in
part:
Now. as to all OF these phenomena In the
evolution Of species, there are, II not
homologies. at least certain analogies. in
the history OF human societies, in the
history OF the rise to prominence. OF the
development and change, Of the tenn
porary dominance. and death or trans
formation. of the groups OF varying kind
which form races or nations.
As In biology. so In human history,
new form may result from the spccinliza-
tion OF a long-eSisting and hitherto very
slowly changing generalized or non
specialized form: as. for instance, when
q barbaric race from a variety OF causes
suddenly develops a more complex culti-
walton and civilization. That is what &C.
during the centuries OF the Teutonic and
later the Scandinavian ethnic overfows
from the north. All the modern countries
OF western Europe are descended from III
states created by these northern Invaders.
When first created they could be called
''new" or young states in the sense
that part or nil OF the people composing
them were descended from races that
hitherto had not been civilized Mt all. and
that therefore for the first time entered
on the career of civilized communities.
In the southern part Of western Europe
the new states thus formed consisted In
bulk OF the Inhabitants already In the land
under the Roman empire; and It was
here that the new Kingdoms first took
shape, Through reflex action their
Influence then extended back into the cold
forests from which the invaders had come.
and Germany and Scandinavia witnessed
the rise OF communities with essentially
The same civilization as their southern
neixhbors. though In those communities.
unlike the southern communities. there
was no infusion OF now blood. and In each
case the new civilized nation which gradu-
ally developed was composed entirely of
members OF the same race which In the
same region had for ages lived the III. OF
q slowly changing barbarism. The same
was true OF the Slavs and the Slavonized
Films OF eastern Europe. when an lnfii-
tration OF Scandinavian leaders from the
north and inrltration OF byzantine
culture from the south Joined to produce
The changes which have gradually. out OF
The little Slav communities OF the forest
and the steppe. formed tho mighty Russian
empir. OF today.
"New" and "Youno" Nations.
Again. the new form may represent
merely n splitting OF from a long -estnb-
tish,d. highly developed and specialized
nation. In this case the nation Is usually
spoken OF AS a young" and is correctly
spoken OF as ''naw." -Rtioni but the
term should always DO used with clear
scnss OF the difference between what IL
described In such case. and what IL de-
scribed by the same term In speaking OF
a civilized nation Just developed from a
barbarian. Carthage and SyraeuH. were
new cities compared with Tyre and Cor
inth: but tn. Greek or phoenlciAn race was
In every sens. OF tho word as old In TN.
new city as In the old city, no. nowadays,
Victoria or Manitoba Is new community
compared with England or Scotland. hut
the ancestral type OF civilization and cui.
ture IN ms old In ono case as In the other.
] OF course do not mean for moment
that great changes arc not produced by
the mere fact that the old civilized race
II suddenly placed In surroundings where
u has again 10 60 through tho work OF
tanning the wiidsrness, a work finished
home OF the race, I merely mean that
The ancestral history IA tho same In each
ease. We can rightly use tho phrase "a
new people" In speaking Of Canadian.
or Australians, Americans or Afrikandsrz.
hut We use Il In an entirely different
s-nss from that In which W. use u when
speaking Of such communities as those
founded by tho mortimer and their DO.
se.niantr during that period of aatoniah.
ins growth which saw the descendants Of
the Morse Hea.thinyeH conquer and trans.
form Normandy, Sicily, and tho urttish
islands. We use u In nm entirely different
sens. from that In which We use Il when
speaking OF the new states that grew 40
around Warsaw, kief. NnyEurod. ana
Moscow, aH the VIVA hayaKes Of tho
sNi"ppeH ana the mhfahY foresiA struggled
s~nltinsiy ana siumbilnEiy upward IA
become builders ~ cities and 10 form
stable governments. rha AinKioma Of
Chsrlerssns and Alfred sef. new, e
compared with the empire on the iio.-
photus. they were also In every way ar.
tercntl their tines ~ ancestral descent had
nothing IN common with those OF tho
polysiot fenim which paid tribute 20 The
Caesars ~ llpsahilum. their social prob