The sun., 1910-05-29
IN.

Of all Slavic smigration 10 America
Cas well As q ell from Austria, Ehsthsr
Slavic or nOtl. that from Bohemia was
the fra 20 b. of Importance. The most
famous of the Early sKiles from Bohemia
and MoraviA was the great COmenius.
OF Komsnsky. who came near being preai-
dent ol Harvard COllsgS. The emigration
movement proper began In BohemiA. as
In moat other Slavic lands. With the FevO-
lutiOnaFy years Of istS-to. and has been
ssssntially an economic movement. The
early emigration was agricultural. the
later more industrial. more urban; in fact
Bohemia ssuds a large proportion Of men
with SKILLED trades. The women are
particularly clever at cigar making here,
and teach the men Of the fATnily; OF u the
woman can earn more than the man. a.
frequently happens. the men and boys
take charge of the household and small
children. Il may b said that In gen
eral PrOf Ralch found nearly all thsss
people exceptionally clean in their homes
and persons. though primitive In many
ways.
Among our Slavic immigrants the Slo-
walks Of Hungary. who live on the south
cru slopes % the carpathian Mountains,
are among the most attractive. and they
rank second 70 The Bohemiana though
far below thaml In education. One rea-
son for their leaving home IL financial
explOitAtion. which also exista with other
groupG but Prof. BAleh found that this
explOitation BY the JeWa. as she frankly
aaya. varied With the credit situation.
WHARF 0oveFnmsnt credit institutions
have been established. lending money at
SBI or Q per osnt instead Of the Jewish
rate Of or - par osnt.. the Jews are often
respected and not disliked; but in too
many places where the simple. drink low
ing peasants are wholly a. their mercy
the Jews are accused Of getting them into
debt. often through tavern bills. This
stAtsmsnt n worth quoting because it
suma up the situation. 90 little understood
abroad. which 10 At the bottom Of anti
Jewish agitation In Russia a. well a.
among thsir Slavic brethren. Polish i'm
migration. much the most important
branch Of the Slavic ihfux 10 America.
should BE- studisd as q whole. says our
author. and aa The aams time With special
rsfsroncs 10 ths special CHARACTERISTICS
and history of The separate branches
of GalluiA (AustriA). Russia and Germany.
She gives the nsCesaAEy general infr-nn-
ton for understanding. but studies only
- - ..-..4 s-.~-s fw - f..fNwman1
Way, though the Russian contingent u
the most numerous. In epitomiEing the
subject % these last. the Ruthenians. she
makes some statements which cannot be
regarded a. finally settled by the best au-
thOritiss. This nationality she says.
IA closely rslAtsd 10 the Russians lGreat
RunMiansl. though distinct in language and
history. - Apparently Great Rus
ulAns and Ettls Russians lthsy are alwsys
oallad 'Little Russians In Russia. and
: 'Ruthsnian' h more of q political term
than anything elssl are mutually unintel-
liGibls. and the best authorities sem TO
agree thai the tongue spoken by the latter
10 not 70 b. considered ~ dialect but
a. an indspendsnt hnguAge That is
sail q moot question - far a. language IA
conoerned: but the blood s identical In
somswhat intermingled With
other slavic. Turkish. Hungarian and Ger
man atrains. a. would naturally b. the
case with the inhabitants % q borderland.
Moreover. according 20 the fortunes Of
var and politics they have been varioualy
accounted pure Russian or otherwiss.
while the dialecticAl differences are not
greater either a. TO pronunciation OF
than thoae existing between
different shires Of England
Lack of acquaintAnoe With the RiIsaians
N America leads oar author into another
error With regard 70 the-s RutheniAns.
who are members of that hybrid church
known as .Uniats' or Greek Catholic
1.-THE latter particularly IN this country.
which over three centuries ago accepted
lie supremacy oi the Pope d Rome hsit
retained its own vernaoular using the
Old Church SlavoniC of the Greco Russian
Church. and he original rites with many
ORTHODOX peculiarities. though certain
modern dogmas oi Rome have gradually
been introduced. We have many of
their churches in America she says.
generally easily distinguished from the
Catholic tRnsnanl churuAes by the dis
play ol the three haired Cross The thres
barred cross. called in Russia the eight
pointed cross is the characteristics Rus
sian cross. which adorns all the ORTHODOX
ur.,o. nuaafan rhurrhsa algo. ana eha.a
last far eHceed the numbers assigned %
them by our author She notes that the
Uniates accuse the Russians Of prusely-
q ring. bJIt SENS unaware that the ACCUSE
,ion is reciprocated. the preacherp and
the press in this country of both parties
preserving a pretty even balance Of blame
and just proots. ~ Il appears 20 the i'm
tArtial American observer of their mutual
attitude In shor1. the dsgsctions. num-
bored by the hundred and even thou
sand. from the Greek Catholic church
10 the Orthodox tRussianl Church. which
are occurring In the United States spring
not from prOsslytiz zing on the paEt u The
latter but from internal causes In the
Roman and Gresk-Roman body eoclesi-
astical. and even mors. the sane body
polite; hut that cannot ~ discussed
within our limits.
".
The eeHoeaaive subdivision Of land and the
with the Jews already alluded
=, l., .s,rnar-si,v, urtah 81. - an.