Milford chronicle., 1910-01-07


deal Of good by eating wormy fruit
and thus destroying the worms.
Where it is not convenient TO aiio"
nogs or sheep in the orchard an occa-
sional load Of well rOtted stable ma
nure will be beneficial Do not pile
+bis around the trees. but scatter II
evenly over the ground. Wood ashes
are a good substitute for manure, but
can seldom be obtained in suncleht
amounts to be used to advantage.
II the orchard is properly attended
to from the start little pruning VIII oe
necessary. 1t is much better to pinch
off twig occasionally than to cut on
a branch as big as your arm te"
wears later. It takes but little time
to go over the orchard in the spring
and clip of such twigs as do not seem
TO be needed. The object should be to
produce an even, spreading, some
what open head. If 1t ever does
become necessary to remove large
branches they should be cut close TO
the trunk and the wounds painted
with white lead. 1t is better to do
this severe pruning in the winter De-
fore the sap begins to run.
Spraying For Insects.
One of the most effective means OF
securing large crops of fruit is spray
ing Fruit trees of air kinds are sub
feet to many Injurious insects and dis
eases. which If left to themselves will
materially lessen the yields. There are
two kinds Of insects-biting and suck
ing. The former can be combated by
means of poisOns sprayed upon the
leaves. The sucking insects, Of which
plant lice are the most common exam
niles. cannot be killed in this way
since they drill into the plant and suck
the iuices. The most effective remedy
for them is some insecticide which VIII
kill by contact, like kerosene emulsion
This is made by dissOlying half
mound of soap in a gallon of boiling
water. adding two gallons of kerosene
and churning the mixture violently IN
I'll the oil is thoroughly mixed Win
/ the soapsuds. This is diluted with
nine times as much water before
using. It may be applied with spray
pump whenever the lice are trouble
some and is a very effective remedy.
The biting insects are by far the
most troublesome in the orchard. Ot
these the codling moth probably does
the most damage. 1t is the larvae
hatcbed from the eggs of the codllne
moth that cause wormy apples. The
tent caterpillar and canker worm at
tack the leaves, sometimes stripping
the tree bare. There is no better rem
edv for these insects than paris green
dissolved dn water at the rate OF one
pound to 100 gallons. Three pounds OF
freshly slaked lime should be added to
prevent injury to the foliage PARIS
green can also be used for the plum
curculio and for the other insects which
attack the plum and cherry. The foll-
age Of these trees is more tender thah
that of the apple. however. and for
that reason some less severe insec'
ticide. such as arsenate Of lead dis
solved at the rate of three pounds to
fifty gallons of water, Is better.
Spraying For Fungous Diseases.
The most troublesome fungous dis
eases are apple scab, plum, pear and
cherry leaf spot and peach leaf curl
The most efficient fungicide is Dor
deaux mixture. This is made by dis
solving four pounds Of copper sulphate
and four pounds Of lime ia fifty gal
Ions of water. The object of fungi
eide is not TO cure diseases. but to pre-
vent them. These fungOus diseases
spread by means of spores. which are
carried from leaf to leaf by the wind
When they alight en- a leaf. especially
If the surface is a little moist they
grow and produce another center o.
disease. If the leaf is covered with q
thin coating of the copper sulphatt
mixture tine spores are killed betor
they start TO grow. Since fungicide
are preventives rather than cures il j.
important that they be applied early
In order to save time paris green may
be added to the bordeaux mixture a
the rate of four ounces to fifty gallon
or arsenate Of lead at the rate of tw'
pounds to fifty gallons and one spray
ing made effective for both insects an.
diseases.
If you have many fruit trees it WI
= pay to send to the experiment statioi
for a spraying calendar, which vii