davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1910-04-10

lifetime study and experience Of many
men TO ascertain.
NO young man. in my judgment. who in
tends 10 enter the business world can afford
to miss this course. as it gives him broad
foundation for successful future
II am taking advantage of an opportunity
TO accumulate facts. From scientific facts
we gain knowledge. From knowledge
comes wisdom and wisdom wins. Wisdom
means good judgment. Wisdom means sue
cess that endures
This kind OF success comes only from
honest. Just and wise management Dis
honest success soon comes to an end
Things are going a a high rate Of speed IN
this country to-day. and extreme high speed
is dangerous unless wisely guided
Enormous wealth is being accumulated.
Money is a great power but dangerous in
the hands Of ignorant managers. The sue
cess and destiny OF the individual. the state
ind the republic depend on the wisdom
of its management"
These are the principles vigorously ex-
pounded by Mr. Field. and those who know
him emphatcally declare that he lives up
to every one OF them His wealth, personal
and in his business. is managed with due
regard for others. He has between four
thousand and i've thousand employees. and
as ne had 10 leave school at an early age
and work his way 20 the top from a shoe
makers apprentice the happiness and con-
tentment Of his workers Is made the sub
ject Of much personal attention.
one OF the most beautiful structures in
Brockton is the Wales Home for Aged
Women. erected by Nj. Field and turned
over TO the charitable organization that
directs the worthy Institution. and period
icany substantial check is sent Il. is
support from the donor of the home.
To young men beginning a business
career Mr. Field gives this advice
he thrifty. honest and attentive % busI-
ness, whatever business you are in. Live
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1910-04-10

velop the home hamper industry. doing
their business through their storekeeper.'
IF l understand it, the home hamp-
er is hamper of vegetables shipped reg
uiarly from the market gardener direct to
the consumer. isn't it, / asked. Has any
one made a success Of it, besides Mr.. Full
lerton?"
Yes; they are doing it successfully near
Boston. now"
1t is a great idea" l said. my mouth
watering at the mental picture presented
Of getting really fresh vegetables in my
own home i'm New York City, and at no
greater cost than wilted ones.
1T is a great idea, and a practical idea, "
answered Mr.. Peters. emphatically. BY es-
tabishing such a small community as l
have described-and incidentally, that is
the next step in our programme at the
Medford statiCn-and having the storekeep-
or pack and deliver the hampers. the mar
ket gardener and consumer can be brought
together, TO the advantage of both"
! left him then, and came away marvel
ling at the multiplicity and variety OF
subjects in which a modern, up-to-date
railway president in America is expected
TO be an expert GEORGIA EARLE.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1910-04-10

highest officials of the Admiralty. and
cret papers relating TO the secrets OF
imperial defence vanished mysteriousiy
from the room of a Cabinet minister,
nothing whatsoever was done. or could
be d~~~ about the matter.
TIVE ago. il is true. an effort
was -..a Ov Lord Esther (who was be-
lieved 4, e resent in the matter the
views of us sovereignty and by Lord
High Chancellor LOreburp to amend this
official secrets act in such a way as TO
render it more effective. But when the
bill came up for discussion in the legis-
lature il was found that the amend
ments were virtually restricted to meas
ures hampering the activity of the press
I'm the printing of news. and Of publish
ers in their issue Of memoirs containing
indiscretions concerning the English and
foreign reigning families and the Eng
lish and foreign governments. 1t did not
extend the scope Of the authorities in
dealing with espionage, and when this
was made clear there was such an out
cry against the revision that il had to
be abandoned by the government.
one of the difficulties which confront
the people of the United States and OF
Great Britain in providing effective leg
isIatiOn for deterrent punishment of es-
pionage is that of distinguishing be
tween those who engage in the work
from motives of patriotism and Of mill
tarv or naval duty and those who resort
ia the work merely for the sake of lucre-
There is all the difference in the world
between the professional paid spy,
either native or alien. and the officer OF
the headquarters staff of his army OF
~ the intelligence departmer' Of his
navy.
The description given in the Dictionary
of the French Academy Of the WORD
"espion" makes use Of the expression
"neiier d'espion. meter infame.' But
the .infame" merely applies to the paic
spv. and that this feeling Is general II
shown by the statue which has peer
4 erected to Nathan Hale in the City Hal
Park of New York. betokening the re
gard in which his memory IS held pl
his countrymen and forming an Ameri
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1910-04-10
USES FOR LIONS.

According To some Of the farmers Of
East Africa, the lion should be- projected
as "a useful animal, Notwithstanding the
fact that once ia "a while be- kills man.
The lion, they maintain. Is great de-
strOyer Of nOXi0us herbVorous animals,
such as zehras and antelOpcs. which are
scourge TO the fields la one district
they say no fewer than $40 lions have re-
Gently been killed by hunters. and they
estimate that this represents the saving
OF $3.50 10 l00O0 zebras and antelopes
which would otherwise have fallen "a prey
10 the lions that have been destroyed. or
course the hunters shot xebras and ante
lopes also. but this fact. they think. does
not counteTbalaUre the destruction OF
those animals that. would have been ef-
fectea o. the slain lious.-i"uths Com
panioH
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1910-04-10
THE SWISS PRESIDENT.

The new President has been in once tcr
nearly two months. but not one IN every
hundred Of those returning from winter
sports N Switzerland could give his name.
as the Swiss President Is not encouraged
10 occupy the supreme place filed by the
heads Of other great republics. He IA
elected for one year. and during that time
he is looked upon as the chairman Of ths
Federal Council Of seven. The President
Tor 1910 is NJ Robert Comtesse. Who is the
chief OF the republic FOR the second time.
hav,ng previous v occupied the Presidency
ir 1904 M COmtesSe is a Neuchatel man.
H..H at me pretty httle place 81 led Nalen-
iu .D.- The Grand Sjg'4l-cQC OF the IA
..Iis . uts % 10 W nVtc ~ .lclatcL After
e. .,r.5c If law in He-d~l.-ls and Paris
l. -.r.nlsvo ..s Hdit's on and prac-
tiseI as a lawyer. IaAIns O. lQllycS. ha
gave himself Co the study 90 indus trll and
commercial vu.- liar..' ILd' l1s occupied
various omces VITA TistTNed sNcSess.--Dun<
-. A "a ~.srrfu
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1910-04-10

has ever ventured to invoke IT, not even
in the most fragrant cases.
In fact. when. some time ago. a sub
ject Of King Edward-a servant Of the
state-was caught redhanded in the act
of negotiating with a foreign govern
ment for the sale of the plans of the
elaborate secret defences OF Gibraltar.
and was found 10 have already dis
posed. TO the same government. of the
complete plans and defenceS Of Malta,
the law officers of the crown, after
consulting with the judges. came to the
conclusion that it was impossible TO
punish the man under the official Sc
crets law of 1889. and We're obliged to
content themselves with the mere charge
of petty larceny. carrying with ii not
more than a twelve months sentence.
The case was tried before the late Lord
Chief Justice Coleridge. who, in Civ
ing judgment. administered to the
prisoner verbal chastisement of the ut
most severity. and expressed his pro-
found regret that the law did not permit
him to punish the cuiprit according 10
his deserts. In another instance, where
a discharged member Of the consular
staff was found 20 have retained in his
possession. illegally. the Foreign Office
cipher books. and to be offering them
for sale TO a foreign government, the
only penalty that the courts were able
TO infiict upon him was that for I'M
lawfully applying government property
to his own use.
As in the case Of the United States,
so in England is there at the present
moment no adequate machinery for
Furnishing or interfering with the for
eign emissaries who. according to the
admission of the Liberal Cabinet, have
been infesting for a number Of years
past the United Kingdom. India ana
other portions of the British Empire.
for the purpose of securing official Sc
crets. Nor is there any means of met
ing out deterrent penalty TO British
officials who, through carelessness or
dishonesty. allow secret documents or
information to get into the hands Of
strangers.
The authorities virtually acknowledge
themselves powerless to put stop to
the theft and betrayed Of official Sc
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1910-04-10
Uncle Sam Posverless TO Punish Spies in Peace Time
JopS, CouS6f frying az
Correeidor, Arrested
Bur ReIeG5sd.

order are needed for the work Of espion-
age Of the character described By Mar
shall Eugeaud is sufficiently shown by
the fact that missions involving It are
almost invariably confGed not 20 ordi-
nary soldiers bU. 70 officers who form
part Of the general staH-tndt IS % say
those who may be regarded as the pick
Of the entire army by reason Of their IN
teIIigence and Of tneir eruditiOn. Both
Hale and Andre we're gentlemen by birth
and breeding, as well as commissioned
officers. so. too. was Captain Colquhoun
Grant, the famous spy Of the great Duke
of Wellington during the Peninsular
campaign. The same may be said or the
majority OF the spies who were shot and
hanged as such during tae wars Of 1870
Of 1877 and Of 1901, and it is a notorious
fact that nearly all the espionage that IS
now being carried on by the Russians,
the Germans, the French and the Jap
anese. and indeed by every military and
naval power Of the civilized world Is n
the hands Of commissioned officers, who
may or may not make use OF traitors in
effecting their aim. which latter, IL can
not be sufficiently emphasized, is solely
TO serve their country.
Even the late Field Marshal MOltke
did not hesitate to adopt disguise
when he visited in 1868 the district IN
which Germany fought her first battles
in France two years later. A French de-
tective kept at his heels, and his report
was among the papers found in the
Tuf1eries in 1870. In 1850 the late Cen
eral de MiribeI, who Up 10 the time OF
his death was chief Of the general staff
Of the French army. was expelled from
Germany for having displayed too much
curiosity concerning military matters;
and at the present moment there are a
considerable number Of German officers
I'm French prisons and Of French officers
In German prisons serving terms or
captivity for infractiOns OF the laws
against espionage. laws which do not ex-
/ ist in this country
/ AS far as ethics are concerned there
is no difference between espionage in
war and espionage in peace. and all ar
guments TO the contrary are set at rest
/ bv the standard works on the subject.
notably by those Of Capitaine de Chilli.
OF Montesquieu. Of Buentschi in his codi-
fed international law, by Frederick the
Great and by Marshal Bugeaud- The
only distinction between tn two is that
whereas in wartime espionage usually
entails death the spy, in peace II IS
followed everywhere by long terms OF
fnprisonment. save in the United states
and in the British Empire
Ex-ATTACHE.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1910-04-10

can counterpart Of the beautiful mOnU-
ment which the English nation has
erected to Major Andre in the West
minister Abbey Pantheon. constituting
the highest form Of honor that England
comedies to her illustrious dead
"All deaths are honorable when one
dies for such a cause as that OF my
bleeding country" is the reply which
Nathan Hale is reported 10 have made
under the gallows to an English captain
who had expressed regret and sorrow
that an officer should end his life in such
a manner: and in Nathan Hale's dying
remark may be found reply to the
entire question as TO whether unpaid
espionage entails infany or not Pro-
vfding the spy is working for his coun-
try and is imbued with motives Of
patriotism and Of obedience to naval or
military superiors. then there can be no
imputation Of dishonor, and a deep gulf
separates spies such as these from those
degraded beings who are willing 10 sell
the information which they may have
secured to the highest bidder and who
are prompted alone by mercenary mo-
tives.
This view was set forth by the famous
French Marshal Bugeaud, whose writings
are to this day standard works of mill
tary education not only in the army OF
France but in those of several other
European nations. In his volume en-
titled "Apercus sur Fart de la Guerre
he expresses himself in the following
categorical manner: English, American
/ and Russian officers do not hesitate TO
assume DISCUSSES as regards name. ma
tionality. profession and appearance IN
order to secure information concerning
the designs Of the enemy. In acting
thus they are no more guilty of dishon-
! CRADLE conduct or crime than the soldier
is Of murder with regard to the foe
whom he kills in battle. They risk not
only imprisonment as felons but also a
disgraceful death solely with the object
of serving their country, and the motive
BY which they are actuated removes any
faint Of ignominy from their actions
Our French officers should be encour-
aged to follow their example"
That patriotism and courage Of high
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1910-04-10
A FAMOUS MEDIUM.

Those who are interested in the spiritual
istic feats performed by the Italian
woman. Eusapia PaladinO. may be re-
minded Of that remarkable Iman, Daniel
Douglas Home. SCotchmanA born in 1873.
whose mother. Elizabeth Mcneil came OF
family supposed 10 be endowed with sec
ord sight Homes power as a medium
dated from his mothers death. OF which
he is said TO have had telepathic warning.
Ever after this he was apparently sur
rounded by an army Of spirits who. at mis-
bidding produced all the tricks Of rappiug.
table turning deviation and the like. Gus
toma ~ al spiritualistiC seauCcs. bur in his
case frequently performed in drawing
rooms in broad daylight Home usually
exhibited his powers without Zee or re-
ward but he was the recipient of valuable
presents from many European mOnaTchs.
He died in 1856. having enjoyed tie dis
tinCtion Of being expelled from Rome as
sOrcerer. and the still greater triumph OF
convincing Sir David Brewster. SIR Will
fam Crookes and other men Of science Of
the genuineness of his feats.-Chicago
News
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1910-04-10

Department at Tokio-where it is firmly
believed. as elsewhere throughout the
length and breadth Of Dai Nippon. that
ere many years have passed the latter
will be engaged in war with the United
States.
In most foreign countries the PEN
alties provided for treason could be APP
piled TO those engaged in espionage,
since the latter is manifestly an offence
against the state But here in America
treason. instead Of embracing a number
Of felonies. consists exclusively in levy
ing war against the United States, or
in adhering to their enemies, giving
them aid and comfort" the punish
ment for this. according TO the act Of
1862. being either death or imprison-
rnent at hard labor for not less than
five years. a fine Of not less than $1,000
and perpetual disability for holding
any office under the United States. But
while the plans and photographs of for
tifications and the military and naval
secrets Of the United States obtained
by the spies of Japan. or any other for
eign country. are manifestly for use
in the event Of war against this coun-
try. the nations for whom the informa-
ton is procured are not at the present
moment enemies Of the United States
and. therefore. the law Of treason can
not be invoked in dealing with their
offences
England is similarly handicapped
True in 1883 the so-called official sec
crets law was enacted. which imposes
penal servitude for life. or for a term
Of not less than FIVE years. or imprison-
n7ent with or without hard labor for
any term not exceeding two years. upon
persons who give information to the enc
mics Of the country or who act as spies
or who communicate TO them plans and
sketches Of fortresses. dockyards. etc.
The communication Of official secrets
TO parties other than foreign states was
rendered punishable by imprisonment
for q year. with or without hard labor,
or by a fine or both. But the statute
was so unsatisfactory. was so carelessly
drawn up. and the leading jurists and
Judges pronounced il 20 clumsy, intTi-
cate and altogether impracticable, that
neither the bench nor the government
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1910-04-10

desolate burned over waste. covered with
stur1ps. In a year be had proved far
more than we had hoped 10 prove in
several years.
We found-as We expected--that when
the land was cleared il was rich virgin
soil OF course. because this was an eK-
perinent. We tried 10 do things as cheapiy
As POSSIBLE. 10 show the man Of small re-
sources that he could do the same thing
without large capital. Modern methods
were used. and they proved far more eco
norsical than old-fashioned ways But
when II came 20 cultivation, instead Of
,stsine q few varieties that had always
been considered indigenous TO the soil. Mr.
Fullerton tried all sorts Of fruits. vegetables
and prsfp--Sorne Of which had never been
raised i'm this country before, 20 prove that,
,,,onerly cultivated everything would grow
IN fne wonderful Long Island soil. helped
b,y me wonderful climate
accidentally. TIE FIRST year fortysiX off
.-,,-t vegetables. seventeen kinds Of berries
,,5 Fruits. fourteen different kinds Of
,oyaee and rhirty-eight kinds 81 foliage and
eor-er nlants were grown successfully on
-. 40 ! farYn-5so varieties IN all. II
,,-sral varieties 81 each plant are Included
a. of which proves Mr.. Peters's contention
MAT t was really ar eA'eiliils"'ai S'a
ton. .....
..Tb- idea" Mr.. Peters went on was
ia show what could DE done Win intel
Haepce. the win 10 succeed ana a niue
money. Later second farm was started
- areoford. where the SOL vas supp's'H
a. Ice ali sand. II proved To be me 'lch
soai. four feet deep. win "'ue san" Oh
TOP That farm has done - "e'' as INV
other"
Have you succeeded IN lnieT ',lIn inc ne
Long Islanders and encouraging tHeih l" 10
lil,e,-igeg' I inquired.
..yce indeed. There has been an increase
# 40 per cent in our uafie 10 mark.
.,sr.,cp stuff and tlst doesn't Ten the S''rs
accurately. either, for the people on , lLs
,....s,e-r end Of the island haul iheir taroen
,,,,ll into New York on ~@-'.''- os'e@u
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1910-04-10
ro6a Ball -|boreS This
Odd Disability
WfTb Him

.,---...ri,. Ia'a by the Brentwood couarsnyA
5,~eat Britain shares with the United
Gates the odd distinction q having no
Elective legislation whereby II is pos
Glide a. punish spies in time 81 peace.
other powers deal in an exceedingly
drastic manner with persons guilty Of
.ssniauage. no matter what their ma
..fsralitv. But here in America, as IN
der the British Gag. there is virtually
...tl.irg 90 deter those who are bent on
-.,.r-inc possession Of naval and mill
,arv secrets for future hostile use. and
.l,af IS why the authorities in the Phil
inpines have been compelled 10 release
enc two japanese spies. believed TO he
members Of the general staff of the
,rits6o's army. who were arrested the
,,.per dsv al Manila. endeavoring to Sc
cure photographs and plans Of the new
e,-tffcations Of Corregidor and Of the
o-ber offences Of Manila. as well as
seeking 20 bride American soldiers.
Twelve wears ago. on the eve Of the
MAR with Spain. ! called attention in
these letters 20 the fact that while in
,,ar time a civilian could be brought
,,stbin the jurisdiction Of the military
courts OF law. there was no statutory
enlistment for any civilian found prior
rtbt outbreak Of hostilties taking notes
~ the military and naval defences Of
the United States or Conriving by dint
al re~fdv and cunning to possess HIM
se-r of valuable secrets in connection
with the American army. feet and for
-ffaf posts. In order 10 bring home this
condition of affairs more thoroughly 10
-re minds Of my readers 1 pointed out
that II "a Suauiard. or even an American
citizen. were found within the lines OF
,r-1 for-ffcations of Sandy Hook with
drawings or photographs in his pocket
OF the defences Of that species OF Ger
rarus 20 the great port Of New YORK ne
could not Doe imprisoned or subjected TO
erv Legal form of punishment Il ne
were an alien the authorities would have
had al their disposal the very poor
remedy Of expulsion. which would prac-
tieauv mean that they would ship him
ar-os6 i'm order 10 turn his information
20 GOOD account a. Madrid. while if he
was either native boIh AihellCaH Va
else naturslized one there would be
no way ~ bringing him within the tolls
of the law az long as war had not been
declared.
since then repeated attempts have
been mace by the War Department at
Washington 10 induce Congress TO enact
p lew Furnishing the making Of photo
graphs and plans OF fortifications-in
one word. penalizing espionage in times
~ reqoe. bat these efforts have
beer without avail The conditions
vbi.r prevailed on the eve Of the
war with Spain IN 1895 remain
unchanged to-day. and there Is moth
ms save deportation 10 interfere with
the unceasing activity Of japanese
spies--that is 10 say. agents Of the War
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1910-04-10
Vicente Wee and Pat
The Midget and the Monk" Be-
come Great ChunS.

The historic and traditional friendships
fulmort2Iized BY the story of Damon ana
Pythias finds something Of a counterpart
I'm the friendly comradeship existing be-
tween Vicente Wee. the dusky little midget
in the Barnum & Bailey circus. and Pat.
the erudite chimpanzee, whose steam
heated fiat on wheels stands in close con-
tiguity to the elevated platform from which
point Of vantage Vicente, the animated
chocolate eclair. queens it over the hun
dreds who daily flock 10 see her.
Vicente Wee was born n BTyn Mawrs
Penn. and is nineteep years Old Pat
was born in the steany forests Of Africa.
and is something like three years old
Vicente Wee tips the scales, IL is said. at
seven and half pounds. while Pat makes
the weight drop at thirty-eisht pounds
These two strangely diverse types OF
natures handiwOrS have become insepara-
BILE chums. but only after the most per-
sistent cajoling upon tire part OF Pat. When
the latter came TO the show, Vicente Wee
exhibited the greatest adherence for the
creature. and ali attempts to have their
pictures taken together met with fat
refusal from the ltliputian. who can upon
occasions be as peevish as the most pet
ulant OF her sisterhOOd- she stamped her
little foot and would have nothing 20 do
with such a picture. Why. the idea was
perfectly ridiculOusi Now, all is Inherent
Weenie's happiest hours are spenr with
Pat. when the large crowds have left the
Garden and comparative quiee has settled
upon the ruenagerie annex. They roller
skate" together. and initial lessons in the
graceful art Of terpsichore have been I'm
parted BY the little woman To E"r almost
human companion They very often dine
together. and the Similar gallant Is re-
ported to select the plumpest and most
luscious grspes and place them upon his
partners plate.
Andrew Zingart. valet de chambre -
Baby Bumbesuo. the infant giraffe. avOws
that Pats table manners have improved
a heap. ana that he already puts 70 shame
the knife-swallOwing hab.tues OF cheap
cafes.
And so the romance Of Vicente and Pat
goes or apace. watched and wondered at
by every attschs OF the circus.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1910-04-10

crets under the existing conditions Of
law. and admit that in one instance.
where an extremely confidential docu-
ment. describing the whole Of the sub
marine defences of the empire in detail,
was stolen from the desk Of one of the