Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1910-02-24

mis-, Tor nil not tuber Is the unit
O. With tree fruits, take cions from
productive and good quality branches
or trees. 3. Among bush fruits, yield.
quality. and season should DO basis
for selection. 4. With strawberries,
pedigree plants are much preferred.
Conclusion. Quality. productiveness.
size and color seem to be trensmissi-
Bile. In propagation work 1t Is neces-
sary to know the performance record
Of plants for several reasons. Know
ing this we may proceed with intelli-
xencc and proft.
FORESTRY.
The series OF lectures on forestry
contained the following: vermont
Trees" by State Forester a. r. Halves
and Henry Hall, Nursery Planting
by Mr.. Hall, "'rhe Improvement OF the
Forest md wood Lot" and Timber
Estimation" both by Mr.. Halves. The
demonstration in forest and nursery
MANAGEMENT which was scheduled for
| the afternoon was not given. The
principal address by Mir. Hawes was.
| in brief, as follows:
TIE IMPROVEMENT OF FOREST
AND WOOD LOT.
Thinning consists OF relnoli ing certain
number Of trees from the woods for
the purpose OF improving the growth and
character OF remaining trees and Is one
OF the chief measures recommended by
the forester. Pruning IS the removal OF
| branches and In forestry work is seldom
| recommended. Trees are dependent upon
soil for minerals which are taken up In
the form Of solutions. Supply OF water is
more apt to be short than minerals.
| Some trees as pine can thrive on dryer
and sander soils than others, such as
maple and beech. Best indication of quail
| ity OF soil FOR tree growth as to mineral
and water content is height growth OF
| tree. Figures IN Penn. show average
| growth of white pine in 30 years, 81 feet
on best soil: 60 feet poorest soil; and d
| feet on medium soil. For forests Of same
| age there can be more trees per acre
| on poor soil that on good soil. as tres
| are smaller. SO number of trees per acre
| at any age and correct spacing OF trees
| varies with species and soil.
The minerals from the soil are COM
bined with carbon from the atmo
| sphere by the action OF sunlight on
chlorophyll ~ the leaves. Trees vary
| in their demands for light. A tree in
! open with unlimited supply of mois
| ture and light will make faster diam
eter growth than tree in forest be-
cause limbs extend to ground. The
| log OF this tree will be very knottY
and much larger at base than top.
Tree grown in the forest is Obliged to
make good height growth ar first In
order 70 gain light. The lower
| branches are killed off by competi-
! ton. resulting in logs free from knots.
| The wood material Is deposited in top
Of tree making the log cylindrical
form. Main height growth is made in
| first part of trees life. In fully stock
ed forests struggle for existence is so
severe that many trees are killed. Not
| only will one-half the trees be killed
out within thirty years. but remaining
| trees nave smaller development on ac-
count Of struggle than they would
have If properly thinned at right pc
| Rod. Light thinning should be made
whenever the wood TO be removed has
a sale value Poorest kinds Of trees
and bad specimens are taken ont us
ually one-third to one-fourth of stand
| inE wood. Frequent light Trimmings
are preferable to irfreQuent heavy
| trimmings.
| Pruning Of live limbs of coniferS
cannot be advised resultin,; black
knot is worse than Knot from live
limbs. II trees are sufficiently close
| when young natural pruning will take
place. In dense stands of pine, spruce,
cedar dead limbs often persist on the
trunks and there can be no objection
to knocking these off with club. al
| though little benefit from it. 1t is
not profitable to prune hardwoods but
can be done without damage to trees,
preferably in summer.
DAIRYMEN's BANQUET.
At $40 about 25 former students of
the Vermont Dairy School gathered at
Commons hall for their annual meet
| ing and banquet, p. u. White Of the
dairy division Of the United States de-
partment OF agriculture, Professor
Washburn and Dean Hills were guests
! OF the association. and each made
| short address, Each member said a
few words as to his work since he
had left the school.
The Vermont Dairy school was start
ed at the University in 1891 and SEES
Sions have been held each winter since
, barring the TWO or tnree years PRIOR
to the erection Of Morrill, hall. Nearly
500 students have enrolled.
THE EVENING SESSION.
| The evening session was one Of espe-
cial interest, both because OF the char
acter Of the addresses and because of
the fact that moving pictures were
used to illustrate one of them. Pro-
lessor Hills said that last night was
the first time that moving pictures had
ever been used in New England for
purposes OF agricultural instruction.
! The evening began ut eight o'clock
with an address on agricultural schools
! by d. j. Crosby of the United States
department Of agriculture. Mason :.
stone. State superintendent of educa-
ton, followed with a brief talk and
then came B. d. White. also Of the
United States department Of agricul-
ture, with the moving pictures and a
running lecture on agricultural prac-
tees. Mr.. Crosby said. in part
| AGRICULTURAL SCHOOLS.
instruction In agriculture is both
| educational and vocational.
| A. an educational subject II Is now
taught In nearly 400 public high
schools In "a States an average q one
and one-half years in each school
AS a vocational subject II is taught
In about 60 agricultural high SCHOOLS
or definitely secondary agricultural
courses in colleges.