Evening times-Republican. [volume] (Marshalltown, Iowa) 1890-1923, 1910-06-08
ROOSEVELT GIVES
ROkANES LECTURE
FORMER PRESIDENT SPEAKS BE-
FORE OXFORD, DELIVERING
POSTPONED ADDRESS,
faA,rsRlEs OF MANKIND
*onda
AND ALL DEGREES oF1LlFE
10 curzon Presides at Meeting and
sheldonian Theater is Packed by Dis
tinsuished People When American
Talks on Geological Analoses in
History"


Talks on geological AnaIosies in
History"
ma les lecture by Theodore Roosevelt,
which was to have been delivered on
May IS, but which was postponed on
account of the death of King Edward
was given today by the distinguished
American. The Sheldonian theater
was filed to its capacity by notable
persons and Oxford students and the
lecture, which was on biological An
llogies in History" was well received.
Lord Curzon, chancellor Of the uni
eersity, presided.
The university conferred upon Roose-
Welt the honorary degree of doctor civil
law. The decture and conferment con-
stituted the big feature of the day. Be
fore that event reception was given
by the mayor of the corporation at the
town hall, following which Roosevelt
made hurried visits to the leading col
leges and other places Of historic in
by the American Club.
In seeking to penetrate the causes
of the mysteries that surround not
only mankind but all life, both in the
present and the past. said Mr.. Roose-
welt. we see strange analogies in the
phenomena Of life and death, Of birth
growth and change, between those
physical groups of animal life which
We designate as species, forms, races
and the highly complex and composite
entities which rise before our minds
when we speak of nations and civil
Hzations. It is this study, he assert
ed, that has given science It's present
day prominence and the historian Of
Iy,ankind must work in the scientific
spirit and use the treasure-houses Of
science.
To illustrate, the lecturer took sew
eral instances Of the development of
new species and the extinction Of spe-
lcies in the history of mammalian life,
showing that in some cases the causes
can be traced with considerable accu-
sracy, and in other cases we cannot SO
much as hazard guess as to why
given change occurred.
Anafo6sss ~ tsfunaan history.
Continuing. Mr.. Roosevelt said in
part:
! Now. - 10 al OF these phenomena in the
evolution OF spscisa there are. II not
Anologies, e least certai analoSdes, in
tho history Of human societies, IN the
history OF the rise to prominence, OF the
development and change, OF the tenn
pcxasy dominance, and. death or trans
formation, of the groups Of varying kind
which form races or nations.
AZ in biology, 50 in human history,
new form may result from the specializa-
ton of . long-existing and hitherto very
Dlowly-chanGing generalized or nom
specialized form; az. for instance, when
q barbaric race from q variety Of causes
suddenly develops more complex culti-
walton ANA civilization. That Is what oc-
Cured, for instance. in western Europe
during the centuries Of the Teutcnic and
later the Scandinavian ethnio overflows
Grom the north. All the modern countries
Of western Europe are descended from the
states created by these northern invaders.
when first created they could be called
.'new' or young" states in the sense
that part or all Of tie people composing
them were descended from races that
hitherto had not bee,, civilized at all, and
Ahat therefore for the first tirne entered
on the career Of civilized communities.
IN the southern part Of western Europe
The new states thus formed consisted in
hulk Of the Inhabitants already in the land
Nnder the Roman empire; and It was
hero that the new Kingdoms hrst took
1hape. Through reflex action their
1ndusnce then extended back into the cold
forests from which the invaders had come.
and Germany and Scandinavia witnessed
tho rise Of communities with essentially
The same civilization - their southern
neixhncrs: though In thoee communities,
unlike the southern communities, there
was no infusion Of new blood and in each
case the new civilized nation which gradu-
ally developed was composed, entirely Of
members Of The same race which in the
name region had for ages lived the life Of
. slowly changing barbarism. The Same
was true OF the slavs and the slavonized
Films Of eastern Europe. when an infl-
fy1tion Of Scandinavian leaders from the
north and 1nf1ltratfon Of Byzantine
culture from the south Joined to produce
tho changes which have gradually, out Of
the little slav communities Of the forest
and the steppe. formed the mighty Russian
empire OF today.
"ssw" and AYouns" Nations.
Again. tho new form may represent
merely splitting of from long-estab-
lished, highly developed and specialized
nation. In this case the nation is usually |
spoken Of as q young" and is correctly |
spoken Of - q new" nation: but the
term should always be used with a clear
sense Of the difference between what IL
desc ibed in such case and what is de- |
scrt I'd by the same term In speaking Of |
. Ct ilized nation Just developed from q |
barbarian. Carthage and Syracuse were |
new cities compared with Tyre and Cor !
1ntlf: but the Greek or Phoenician race was |
In every sense Of the word as old in the |
> city AZ in the old city. So, nowadays, |
sttof1a or Manitoba is a new community |
hpared with England or Scotland; but |
ancestral type of civilization and Gull
IL as old in one case as in the other. |
6f course do not mean for moment |
nat great changes are not produced by