Evening journal., 1910-12-06

preme court. He should be satisfied
by one hearing before a court Of first
instance and one review by a court of
appeals. The proper and chief useful
ness Of the supreme court. and espe-
cially the supreme court Of the United
States, is in the cases which come be
fore It so to eXpound the law and espe-
cially the fundamental law-the con-
stitution-as to furnish precedents for
the inferior courts IN future litigation
and for the executive officers in the
construction of statutes and the per
formance OF their legal duties. There
fore any provisions for review of cases
by the supreme court that cast upon
that court the duty Of passing ON ques-
tions of evidence and the construction
OF particular forms of instruments, like
indictments or Wills or contracts. de-
cisions not Of general application or
importance. merely clog and burden
the court and render more difficult It's
higher function, which makes Il so i'm
portant a part of the framework Of
our government The supreme court is
now carrying an unnecessary burden
Of appeals Of this kind. and earnestly
urge that It be'removed.
judicial Salaries.
I further recommend TO congress the
passage Of the bill now pending for
the increase in the salaries Of the fed
eral judges, by which the chief Justice
Of the supreme court shall receive S1T.-
500 and the associate justices $1,000.
the circuit judges constituting the cir
cult court of appeals shall receive $1O-
600 and the district judges S9,oO0 The
positions they occupy ought to be filed
by men who have shown the greatest
ability in their professional work at
the bar, and It Is the poorest economy
possible for the government 10 pay
salaries SO low for judicial service as
not TO be able 10 command the best
talent OF the legal profession I'm every
part Of the country.
Wiping Out Of Postal Deficit.
For many years there has been a
deficit in the operations Of the post
office department which has been met
by appropriation from the treasury.
The appropriation estimated for last
yonr from the treasury over and above
the receipts OF the department was
Sl1j00OO0 ! am glad 10 record the
fact that Of that Sl7. 100000 estimated
for Sll,JOO0O0 were saved and return.
ed to the treasury. II is gratifying
TO report that the reduction in the
deficit has been accomplished without
any curtailment Of postal facilities.
Upon the recommendation OF IN,
postmaster general I have included II
the CLASSIFIED service all assistant post
! masters, and | believe that this givinI
I a secure tenure TO those who are th
most important subordinates OF posi-
u masters win add much 10 the enicienc
Of their Offices and an economical at
e minlstration.
The Franking Privilege.
\ The unrestricted manner in whicl
!. the franklng privilege is now beinl
used by the several federal services
q and by congress has laid It open to Sc
q rious abuses.
E Parcels Post.
e With respect 10 the parcels post,
r respectfully recommend its adoption
e on all rural delivery routes and that
eleven pounds. the international limit
be made the limit Of carriage in suct
post The postofice department has q
great plant and a great organization
reaching into the most remote hamlet
of the United States. and with thll
machinery II is able TO do a greaf
mnny things economically that If &
new organization were necessary Il
{ would be impossible TO do without ex
D travagant expenditure. That Is the
{ reason why the postal savings banl
4 can be carried ON at a small additiona
4 cost and why Il is possible 90 incor
/ porate at very inconsiderable ex
pense a parcels post in the rural de
livery system.
Peary.
: unite with the secretary in the rec
ommendation that an appropriation
:. be made to construct a suitable cryp
r at Annapolis for the custody Of th'
S remains of John Paul Jones
i The unparalleled achievement o.
Peary I'm reaching the north pole, Apri
e g. 1909. approved by critical examina
Z tion of the most expert scientists, hal
T added 10 the distinction of our navy
@ to which he belongs, aud reflects credi
Z upon his country. His unique success
l. has received generous acknowledgment
4 from scientific bodies and institution
2 Of learning in Europe and America.
: recommend lifting recognition by con
gress Of the great achievement Of Rob
o ert Edwin Peary.
{ For Eight Hour Day.
d IT seems 10 me from the past histor
e that the government has been CON
= mitted to policy Of encouraging th
limitation Of the dAy'L york TO eigh
hours in all works of construction init
d ated by itself, and It seems to me 4
l. logical TO maintain a difference betwee
% government work done on governmen
soil and government work done IN
= private establishment.
Workmen's Compensation.
In view Of the keen. widespread il
p terest now felt in the United states 1
N system Of compensation for indu,
Is trial accidents to supplant our preser
% thoroughly unsatisfactory system q