davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1910-01-04
THINKS STRIKE
IS NEARING END
Labor Leader Perham Hope
fiji Of Settlement.
PLAN EAS BEEN EVOLVED

Declares Scheme for Ending TroubI,
In Northwest vas Submitted to Fed
eral Me3iztors, but Hc Declines t,
Discuss II at This Tin,e-Beiievet
Messrs. kEacp and Neil Are in Com
muncation With Railroad Officials
Washington, Jan. '4.-Owing to tn,
fact that Chairman Knapp of the intel
state commerce commission had beer
called upon to preside at meeting o.
the commission the conference be
tween him, Labor Commissioner Neil
and H. B. Perham of the railway de
partment of the American Federation
of Labor, relative to the switchmen'.
strike, has been postponed
Chairman Knapp said that he coult
not tell just when he would be able tt
meet Commissioner Neill and Mr. Per
ham There was some business be
fore the commission. he said, that re
quired immediate consideration
While the postponement of tn.
strike conference is explained on the
ground that Chairman Knapp is alb
sorbed in interstate commerce bust
ness it was learned that Labor Com
missioner Neil is not in town
Conferrine With Railroad Heads.
He left Washington Saturday OF
Sunday While officials decline to in
dicate why Commissioner Neil lef,
the city at this juncture it is under
stood that he has gone away to confer
with railroad managers relative to the
switchmen's strike
There is good reason to believe tha,
Chairman Knapp and Commissioner
Neill have already set the machinery
in motion to settle the strike. They
are in touch with railway managers
but as is usual in such cases they are
holding their own counsel until they
have reached a basis of agreement
Mr. Perham said that he would re
main in Washington for the present.
Il expect the strike to be brought
to an end soon,' said Mr. Perham.
Has a plan been evolved for its
settlement he was asked
Yes" replied Mr. Perham 81 came
here with a plan, but ! am not pre-
pared to discuss it at this time"
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1910-01-04
WILD PANIC IN Tenement
"BIack Handlers" Use Dynamite in
New York City.

New York, Jan. 4-Several persons
were knocked down and shocked and
wild panic among $50 tenants was
created, when, in an attempt by Black
Handlers to blow up Chrystie street
tenement house in the heart of the
lower East Side, quantity of dyna-
mite was exploded under the first
floor stairway.
Great holes were ripped in the floor,
the nearby walls were shattered and
the whole building was badly shaken.
Women and children screamed and
ran madly to the street.
Threatening letters had been re.
ceived recently by the grocery firm Of
Giuseppe Gerisco & Co., which occu.
pied the ground floor
Gerisco said that he had paid no at
tention to the letters, believing some
one was trying to hoax him.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1910-01-04

'EFFRIES is COMING MONEY
Eot $4,000 for Poorest Week He Had
on the Road.

Chicago, Jan. 4.-James ]. Jeffries is
earning between $4,000 and $1,000 a
week on his present tour of one night
stands, despite the fact that he and
Berger have not been allowed in many
cities, including Chicago, to put on
their sparring exhibitions, exactly the
same exhibition to which no objection
was made when they toured the vaude-
vile and music hall circuit
This golden harvest for Johnson's
future opponent is the result of an ex.
ceedingly liberal percentage contract,
which, according to those close to the
Jeffries camp, yielded the big Califor.
nian an amount exceeding $4,000 on
the poorest week of the tour and over
$4,000 on his best week, with an aver
age around $4,000 Gotch is working
under a straight salary of $1,000 a
week
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1910-01-04
COAL PRODUCTION IN 1905
Gain Shown Over 1908 of From Eight
to Ten Per Cent.

Washington. Jan 4.--Statements
made to the United States geological
survey by operators and others con
versant with the coal mining industry
indicate that the production of coal In
the United States in 1909, while ex
ceeding that OF 1908. did not reach the
high water mark attained in 1907 the
banner year of industrial activity in
this country 1t is of course impossi
BILE to give accurate information re
garding tonnage, out it appears from
the reports received from the coal
mining states BY Edward w Parker
statistician OF the survey, that the in
crease in production in 1909 over 1905
was between and 10 per cent. which
would indicate total production o!
from 440.000.0o0 to 450.000.000 short
tons
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1910-01-04
LIVE WIRE KILLS BROTHERS
One Had BraveIy Tried to Render Aid
to the Other,

Elizabeth, n. j., Jan. 4.-Two boys
were shocked to death by live cleo
trio wire on the Railway Valley rail
road near Kennilworth. They were
George and Joseph Adams of Kennil-
worth, fourteen and ten years, respec.
lively. The younger boy had clutched
the wire, evidently thinking it as
harmless as telephone wire. George
had gone to the rescue of his brother,
it is presumed, and his body lay as II
he were reaching to aid Joseph. His
feet also were on the wire.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1910-01-04
Reaches Atlanta and Begins
Fifteen=Year Term.
ELUDES CURIOUS THRONG
Hurriedly Leaves Railroad Station
Enters Waiting Carriage and is
Driven to the Penitentiary-Mrs
Morse Declares Her Intention tc
Continue Her Efforts to Secure the
Release of Her Husband

worse declares f7er tntention &c
Continue Her Efforts to Secure the
Release of Her Husband.
Atlanta, Ga, Jan. 4.-Charles w
Morse, the convicted New York bank
er, sentenced to serve fifteen years
in the federal prison at Atlanta, ar.
rived here from New York He was
met at the station by deputies and
Immediately hurried to the prison.
Accompanied by the two New York
detectives Morse hurriedly left the
station, eluding a curious throng
which had gathered eager to get a
view of the banker He was rushed
across the intervening space and
placed in a waiting carriage and
driven to the prison.
On arriving at the prison Morse was
taken to the office, where he gave the
information necessary for the prison
record. Later in the day he exchanged
his dark business suit and derby har
for the customary striped prison garb
Mrs. Morse to Continue Fight.
New York, Jan. 4.-Mrs. Charles w
Morse, who follows her husband to
Atlanta to visit him in his cell at the
federal prison there, will take up at
once and in earnest the fight for his
freedom. Mrs. Morse continues to
declare her belief that a crying injus-
tice has been done the former banker
and refuses to believe that he will be
compelled to serve out his sentence
Of fifteen years confinement.
II intend to visit Atlanta" said Mrs
Morse. I'm two or three days | shall
come back and work for pardon. II
there is a chance of seeing my hus.
band once more shall stay and wait
for 1t. But they tell me that fort
nightly visits only are allowed to con-
victs In that prison"
Mrs. Morses efforts in behalf of her
husband will be warmly seconded by
his counsel, Martin w. Littleton.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1910-01-04

would be Immediately reinforced he
agreed to assume the responsibility oi
putting down the new trouble, which
involves, in addition to revolutionary
movement, the Inauguration of revo
lutionary strike.
Barcelona news is being rigidly cen
sored, but it is known that the repub
lican factions, heretofore working al
planning more serious outbreak than
that Of few months ago
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1910-01-04
TOWNS FACE COAL FAMINE
Severe Suffering Likely Throughout
Southern Minnesota.

La Crosse, Wis, Jan. A coal fam.
Inc affecting seventy towns and vii.
lagos along the line of the Southern
Minnesota division of the st. Paul
road is reported to have reached a
serious climax and the return of cold
er weather is expected to result in
severe suffering.
Messages to the division Offices here
say many of these towns have been
without coal for several days. while
the supply In others is so short it
cannot meet small percentage of the
demand.
Failure to secure sufficient engines
to move the coal is given as the cause.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1910-01-04
COMMUNICATION IS RESTORED
Los Angeles Cut Of From Outside
World for Two Days.

Los Angeles, Cal, Jan. AFTER be-
Ing isolated for forty-eight hours par
tiai communication has been estab
outside world. although it will be
many days before the damage wrought
by the rain storms Of the last four
days Is repaired
Much concern still Is felt by officials
of three transcontinental railroads
reaching this city. Two stretches OF
roadbed are washed away between
Los Angeles and San Bernardino on
the route used by the Santa Fe.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1910-01-04
Suspect Husband of Murder.

Denver. Jan. 4.-Discovery of State
Chemist E. c, Hall that blood stains
on ernest Rupp's clothing had not
been mixed with water led the au-
thorities to decide to hold the man
on suspicion OF having murdered his
wife. whose body was found in the
Platte river several days ago.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1910-01-04
Mrs. BOYLE Seriously M.

Pittsburg. Jan 4.-Mrs Helen Boyle,
convicted with her husband, James
Boyle, of kidnapping Willie Whitla of
year sentence in Western penitentiary
here, is seriously i'll as a result OF an
attack Of appendicitis.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1910-01-04
Railroad Officials Oppose
Changes in Law.
In CONFERENCE WITH TAFT
While No information Was Given Out
Regarding the Details Of the Meet.
ing II Is Said the Chief Executive
Was Not Induced to Delay His Spe-
ciaI Message to Congress Covering
the Amendments He Favors.

Washington, Jan. 4.-President
Taft's conference with the six railroad
presidents who came to see him lasted
two and one-half hours. None of the
railroad officials would discuss their
mission other than to say that they
entered a general protest against all
Of the proposed amendments to the in
terstate commerce law.
1t is understood that they sought to
convince the president that further
legislation at this time would upset
conditions in the railway and indus
trial world which generally had been
righting themselves in the last two
years. The railroad men seemed rath-
er detected when they left the White
House and it was inferred that their
mission, SO far as holding up the presi-
dents special message was concerned,
was a failure.
President Taft said after his con-
ference with the presidents of the rail.
roads that he still expected to have his
interstate commerce message ready
for congress on Wednesday noon.
President Taft listened attentively
to all that the railroad presidents had
to say. The discussion on the part of
the railroad men was general. The
president did not commit himself in
any way. In fact it was said that he
made very few remarks during the in
terview.
Promises Due Consideration.
At the conclusion of the conference
the president told his visitors that he
would give their statements due con-
sideration in anything he might do af-
fecting the railroad interests.
Attorney General Wickersham was
the first to leave the conference. He
started out of the executive Offices
with the speed of a skyrocket, declar
ing that he could say nothing, abso-
lutely nothing.
The railroad presidents were almost
equally uncommunicative. President
Brown of the New York Central said ):
I'VE came to offer protest against
the proposed amendments to the inter
state commerce law and we received
q respectful hearing"
President Finley of the Southern
admitted that the protest was a gen.
eral one against proposed railroad leg
islation at this time. Further than
this the railroad men would say moth
ing. They declared that they had
asked for the interview and that un-
der the circumstances any statements
concerning it must necessarily come
from the White House.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1910-01-04

pany has it's service established,
would Immediately have enacted ordi-
nances on a six-for-a-quarter basis,
provided their contracts with the
street car company permit such ac-
ton
The court holds that the original
contract between the company and the
city fixing the fares at cents stood
for fifty years and was violated by the
latter ordinance.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1910-01-04
KILLED BY MOTHER-IN-LAW
Tennesseean Slain In Duel With Ell
derIy Woman.

Dresden, Tenn, Jan. 4.-Clarence
Carney faced his sixty-five-year-old
mother-in-law in a revolver fight and
was killed by the woman's bullets.
The mother-in-law, Mrs. Sarah Grif.
nth, had met Carney in a neighbor's
front yard to discuss quarrel of long
standing The discussion became heat
cd, revolvers flashed and Carney fired
three times at the aged woman. AL
though one bullet struck her in the
hip, producing serious wound, she
stood her ground firing five times be.
fore her son-in-law lowered his weapon
and sank dead to the ground Mrs
Griffith was arrested
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1910-01-04
CHASE YEGGMEN OVER SNOW
One of Two Bandits Captured in Chi.
cago Suburb.

Chicago, Jan. A thrilling chase
through the snow and a revolver fight
with two men who attempted to rob
the postofiice OF Northwood Park,
near this city. resulted in the capture
of one of the robbers and the supposed
wounding of the other The captured
robber who gave his name as Otto
Olson, is said to have confessed a
number of safe blowings.
Blood stains in the snow led the DO
lice to believe that the man who es.
capped was wounded
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1910-01-04
ARGUE TWO-CENT RATE CASE
Railroads Attack ConstitationaIity of
Oklahoma Statute.

St. Louis, Jan. Arguments were
begun before United States Circuit
Judge Hook in the injunction suit
brought by the railroads in Oklahoma
to prevent enforcement of the states
2-cent fare and a maximum freight
rate law.
Constitutionality of the act creating
the corporation commission of Okla.
homa is one of the principal points at
issue
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1910-01-04
KILLED BY HIGHEST COURT
Mill City six-for-a-ouarter Street Car
Ordinance Invalid.

Washington, Jan. A decision Of
great importance to Duluth and the
Twin Cities was handed down by the
United States supreme court when it
sustained the United States circuit
court, declaring invalid and void the
Minneapolis city ordinance requiring
the Twin City Rapid Transit company
to give six fares for quarter.
II the decision had been against the
street car company there is little
question but that st. Paul, Duluth and
Saltwater. cities In which the com.
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1910-01-04
GENERAL WEYLER IS
SENT TO BARCELONA
Spanish Government Fears Rev0-
Iutionary Outbreak

Madrid, Jan. 4.-General Weyler,
"the Butcher has arrived in Barcelo-
ma to take repressive measures against
another threatened revolutionary out.
break
Premier Moret and upon the premier's
promise that the Barcelona garrison
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1910-01-04
KENTUCKY JURIST ENDS LIFE
Memory Fails Him While Making Ad.
dress at Banquet.

Georgetown, Ky, Jan. 4.-Because
he could not remember part of his ad-
dress which he was to deliver at a
banquet Judge John Voris, aged thirty.
two, committed suicide by shooting
himself through the brain with re-
volver.
Judge Voris, who was one of the
most brilliant members of the Ken,
lucky bar and well known as an after
dinner speaker, was one of the orators
at a celebration here. When he arose
TO address the audience his memory
failed him and, after several attempts.
to continue. he abruptly left the room
The Madison daily leader. [volume] (Madison, S.D.) 1890-current, 1910-01-04
FIRE NEARLY RAzES TOWN
Only One Business House Left Stand
inc in Holland. Va.

Richmond Va, Jan Fire de.
stroyed the Majestic theater. the post.
Office and all but one of the twenty.
six business places in the hamlet OF
Holland. twelve miles from Suffolk,
Va, and rendered half of the towns
200 inhshltspss homeless Only TWEEN.
ty.one hcn "a are left in the town and
these are housing the homeless.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1910-12-21
WELLS RIVER.

The musical program of the
Christmas exercises will be under
the direction of Mrs. E. ID. Carpenter
Otis Smith was quite badly hurt
one day last week by being thrown
from his wagon while driving in
Woodsville. He was taken to Cot
tage hospital, but is out again as
his injuries did not prove serious.
Regular meeting of Col. Preston
Post and Corps will be held We'd
nesday evening at 7.30, with social
at close of meeting.
Miss Lottie MunseH is home from
Hardwick to spend Christmas va
cation.
Mrs. Deming spent Friday in St.
Johnsbury.
Mrs. Whipple of Morrisville was
the guest of Mrs. E. w. Smith last
week, leaving Thursday for Chi
cago. ~
Brock and Mrs. Marcy were in
North Haverhill Friday as judges at
the prize speaking given under the
supervision of the Patriotic In
structor of the w. r. C..
On account of the entertainment
Thursday evening in the lecture
course the mid-week prayer meeting
will be held Friday evening.
DIR. w. H. Munsell has closed his
dental rooms here for a few weeks
and opened his branch Office in
Harwich, Mass.
The Old Home Week committee
met Saturday at the town clerks
Office, Newbury, to make arrange
ments for celebrating Aug. IL,
1912, the 150th anniversary of the
settlement of the town. In order to
get an expression of the wishes of all
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1910-12-21
OFFICERS ELECTED
Several Local Fraternities Choos
Officials for 1911


Capt E. B. Frost Camp, Sons of
Veterans on Friday evening elected
officers as follows:
Commander, D. S. Frechette.
Senior vice commander, M. F.
Junior vice commander, James
Kittredge
Camp Council, Alphonse S. Copp,
Myron F. Simpson, Stephen G. Paige.
Chaplain, Rev. B. F. Butler.
Delegate, Charles Celley.
Alternate, Stephen P. Paige.
The commander has appointed
G. H. Woodbury. treasurer, and S. P.
Paige patriotic instructor.
Sheridan Council X. G.
Sheridan Council, knights of Col
umbus elected these officers at their
meeting on December IA:
G. K, James A. Cosgrove.
D. G. K, Frank Lynch.
Financial secretary, F. G. Mayo.
Recording secretary, John Flynn.
Treasurer, r. M Ram.
Warden, John H. Hinch.
Inside Guard, Thomas Williams.
Outside Guard, Leslie Skinner.
Lecturer, George w. CaIdbeck.
Advocate, d. P. Coveny.
Ufe0n MI. AOuS0. ". III. ~. 4.
Green Mountain Lodge, No 40, N.
E. o. P, elected these officers on
December IT:
Warden, H. S. Hughes.
Vice Warden, Mrs. Luna Johnson.
Secretary, D. NJ Noyes.
Financial Secretary, e. E. Sargent
Treasurer, H. A. Bartlett.
Chaplain, Mrs. Emma Montgomery.
Guide, Mrs. Edith Somers.
Guardian, Mrs. Kate A. Clark.
Sentinel, H. w. White.
Warden of degree staff, Mrs. Ida
M. Hughes.
Vice Warden of degree staff, Mrs.
Emma Montgomery.
Trustee for years, E. L. Spencer
They are to be installed January
7, 1911.
Asisqua Camp, M. w. A.
Asisqua Camp, No. 8149, M. w.
A., has elected the following officers:
Past council, E. J. Simpson.
v. c., D. w. Lowell.
Worthy adviser, w. S. Larma.
Banker, William Mcdonald.
Clerk, II. I. Pickering.
Escort, g. H. Palmer.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1910-12-21

Grade Ill Herbert Cassidy, Cliff
ton Osgood, Nadine Hunt, Norma
Tillotson.
~, Clay Hill. Guy. White, Thelma
Miss Eva Wilde is visiting her
mother in Cambridge.
Miss Maude Harding is at the
home of her brother in Worcester,
Mass.
Mss May Kennedy is spending the
holiday vacation at her home in Mil
ton.
Miss Gertrude seavey is at her
home in East Boothby, Maine.
Miss Ruby Smith has gone to
her home in Colebrook.
Miss Amy Drake left Saturday for
a short visit to her brother at Tilton,
N. H
All the public school buildings
are being thoroughly cleaned this
vacation.
Those having over 90 per cent in spell
ing during the fall term in the Cole Cor
ner school were Laila, Leda and Thelma
Hawkins, Edith Cole, Wendell Williams
and Harold Bowen. Thelma Hawkins
missed only six words and Edith Cole
only seven during the IS weeks. Harold
Bowen missed seven. The school closed
Friday evening, Dec. 16, with a Christ
mas tree and exercises which were enjoy
ed by all present. The children all did
their parts well.
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1910-12-21
PeaChanl.
Mrs. Martin Observed soth Birthday-Good
Spelling School

Last Thursday about 60 of the friends
and neighbors of Mrs. Martin gathered
at their beautiful new home at Peacham
to help her celebrate her SOth birthday.
1t was complete surprise to her, most
of it being planned and carried out by
her son William Martin aad wife. Miss
Sarah Ann Hand aged 81 was present
also Mrs. Harriet Hooker another aged
lady. Mrs. c. A. Bunker was able to be
present. An elegant dinner was served,
the browning feature of which was a
beautiful birthday cake with so tapers
burning. This was cut up and passed by
Mrs. Martin. She received great many
post cards. The whole house was thrown
open for the inspection of the guests. It
is one of the most beautifully constructed
houses in town. All enjoyed the day to
the utmost extent and wish Mrs. Mar
tin many happy returns of the day.
A spelling contest was held at South
Peacham Wednesday evening. In the
first division Muriel Somers spelled down
with Julia Somers, Theodore Farrow and
Leonard Darling next in order. In the
second division Arthur Peak stood long
est with Ira Metcalf, Cephas Guthrie and
David Wilson next in order. About 25
spelled in the general contest. Mrs. r. L.
Wilson stood longest with James Allen,
Prof. c. w. Holmes, Harvey Burbank
enjoyable spelling schools held for a long
time.
Mrs. F. E. Palmer has gone to Bangor,
Maine to spend the winter.
Miss Goldie Taylor has gone to Con-
cord, N. H., to visit her mother Mrs.
Moses Edmunds.
Alfred Peak burned his hand quite bad
" one day last week while using kero-
sene to build FIRE.
There will be a Christmas tree with
exercises at the Academy Hall Saturday
evening and at the Methodist church
Monday evening.
Sherman WEIGH, Fred Moody. Bert
Moody and w S. Sanborn are working
for Allen Caldwell cutting lumber on
what is known as the "Greenbanks"
place.
Mr.. and Mrs. Burns Abbott enter
tanned the Sunday School officers and
25 friends at their home at South Peach
am Friday evening.
Parker Flagg of Toronto has been Wis
iting In town.
The marriage of Walter L. Hobart and
Miss Bertha Boardway will take place
Wednesday evening at 6 o'clock at the
home of Mr.. and Mrs. Fred Boardway IN
Ryegate.
Bert Barrett had his knee badly hurt
by kick from horse last week.
Miss Hammond. who has been spend
ing the past few weeks with her sister,
Mrs. Rebecca Waldron, has returned to
Boston.
Mr.. and Mrs. Clyde Mclaughlin are
going to live at Ray Cooley's place the
remainder of the winter
St. Johnsbury Caledonian. [volume] (St. Johnsbury, Vt.) 1867-1919, 1910-12-21

Waterman, William Irwin.
Sentry, Harold Roy.
Manager for 8 years, F. J. Byers.
Physicians, G. A. Cramton, G.. A.
Provost, H. G.. Billiard
ChampIain Guard.
Champlain Guard elected the fol-
lowing officers on December 13:
Pres. and Capt, f. G. Landry.
V. P and 1st Lieut.. Alex Landry.
End Lieut., O. Laurenelle.
Sergeant, G. Carrier.
Q. NJ, J. O. Meilleur.
Sec., F. Demers.
Fin. Sec, A. Dauphin.
ST. Johnsbury Court, G. o. F.
st. Johnsbury Court, No. 800, c..
O. F., on Wednesday elected these
officers for 1911:
G. R., J. D. Bachand.
V. c. R., NJ. Fourier.
Sec, E. Paradis.
Fin. Sec, L. Demers.
Treas, A. P. Grenier.
Orator, J. G. Couillard.
Trustees, J. B. Provost, S. Des-
rockers, o. Bourque.
Delegate to state convention, j.
D. Bachand.
Alternate, E. Paradis.
Council Champlain.
Council Champlain, Union St.
John the Baptist, on Monday elected
these officers:/
Pres, A. P. Grenier.
Elk. Pres, P. Gagnon.
Dean, B. Lamontagne.
U. P, M. Nadeau.
Sec, A. J. Lachance.
Asst. Sec, F. Demers.
Fin. Sec, "A. Lavigne.
Trustees, B. Lamontagne, o. Lau-
renelle.
Master of Ceremony, G. Carrier.
By using The American Throat
To