davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Birmingham age-herald., 1910-03-01
MARTHA WASHINGTON PARTY

The Martha Washington party given Saturday afternoon by Joe Wheeler chap ter, Children of the Confederacy, was a decided success. Mrs. G. F.. Browns home was the scene of the pretty event and for the occasion was adorned with flags and bunting typical of colonial days. The minuet was danced by a group of the younger children, wearing colonial costumes The little girls who added thus to the enjoyment of the large number of guests were Miss Margaret bowman, Miss Emmie Brown, Miss Carroll Penny. Miss Doris Moughon, Miss Frances Wood- row and Miss Mildred Seals. Little Mas ters Frank Rushton and Cole Ellis, dressed in George Washington costumes, greeted the guests at the door. Recita- tions were given by two little girls, Miss Evelyn Cooper and Miss Edith Mabry. The older children in colonial attire con stituted receiving party.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1910-03-01
nrys Win Election

Bluffton, Ind. February 2s.-The local option election in Wells county today re- suited in dry plurality of ITO. .Bluffton went dry by sl votes.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1910-03-01
TWENTIETH CENTURY CLUB

One of the most interesting and in- structive meetings that the Twentieth Cen tury club has had took place Friday aft ernoon with Mrs. w. K. Brown as hos tess. Rev. Raimundo de Ovies presented his lecture on Faust" which has been the subject of study pursued by the members this term, and q number of brilliant new thoughts were introduced in pr. de Ovies' usual delightful man. her. The social features were also most interesting. The meeting concluded with a tempting collation. suggesting the patrl- otic scheme which was the general rule at last weeks social affairs.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1910-03-01
ANNOUNCEMENTS

ANNOl
 The Creche will hold an important meeting this morning at il o'clock with Mrs. A. T. London on Highland avenue.
 Mrs. R. D. Johnston will be the hostess tomorrow at on open meeting of the Highland Book club. It will take place at O clock instead of the usual hour. Mem- bers are reminded to bring the novels. to be contributed to the library.
 Miss Sara Mallam issuing cards to the last of a series of mornings in her studio. Her friends are invited for Saturday morning.
 Boys club chapter No. 1. will meet this afternoon at o'clock with Mrs. Cole man on St. Charles street. The Council of Womens Clubs will meet this morning at 10:30 o'clock at Cable hall.
 There will be an all-day meeting in the form of mission institute held March at the First Baptist church. Mrs. Charles A. stakely of Montgomery. presi- dent of the Baptist Womans Missionary union of Alabama, will be in attendance A cordial invitation is extended to all
The Birmingham age-herald., 1910-03-01
BUxBAUM-BERNHEIM

The following invitations have been sent out:
 "Mr. and Mrs. Henry William Bernheim request the honor of your presence at the marriage of their daughter, May Belle, 10 Mir. Charles Henry Buxbaum Tuesday evening, March 15, 1910, at saO o'clock, 1l19 Hickory street, Birmingham
The Birmingham age-herald., 1910-03-01

with credit to the method and their teachers.
 Delightful refreshments closed the pleas ant afternoon.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1910-03-01

Miss la Nunnally left yesterday afte noon for her home in Ashville, Ala, spend a few days.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1910-03-01

Mrs, J. l.. Sims has returned to the city after a plea sant visit to her son. Mir John l.. Sims. in New Orleans, during the past month
The Birmingham age-herald., 1910-03-01

Mrs John E. Weakley has returned from Tuscumbia.
The newspaper., 1910-05-06
Hotchkiss Incorporates
Commercial Association

On Friday of last week papers
were filed incorporating the
Hotchkiss Business Mems Associ-
alton, the incorporators being
Paul Wilson, A. d. Garret, ]. c.
Mitchell, Geo. H. Duke, O. F.
Dickerson, H. A. Klingensmith
and H. 5. Johnson.
The reason for Incorporating
the association under the laws of
the state is to get the benefit of
some. of the money provided
under the law by the county COM
missioners. Just about SOD has
been provided by the commits
sioners to be used by associations
for advertising the resources and
no association could get this
money without being incorpor-
ated. The town of Delta had the
only incorporated association in
the county and urged the county
commissioners to make an appro-
priation of money for advertising.
and we imm ,diately. got busy and
filed the papers with the secre-
tary of state, thereby getting in
line to receive our proportion of
the money.-Hotchkiss Herald.
The newspaper., 1910-05-06
MakebeIieve Burglars Were
Arrested While Rehearsing

NEW YORK, May 2.-In their zeal
to perfect themselves I'm the part Of
yeggmen, in n college drama which
is to be produced next week. two un-
dergraduates in New York university
succeeded in getting themselves ar
rested shortly before midnight.
After an evening spent In practic-
ing their parts, the two young col
legians iourneyed to the college bake
shop for "A midnight lunch. Still in
their tough makeup, they jour
neyed back, carrying large paper
bags. A block from the bakeshop "A
watchful patrolman from a side
street heard them rehearsing their
lines.
Jimmy, what you goin' do with
de swag?" he heard one of them say.
The bluecoat gave n leap and
grabbed the pair, at the same time
whistling for help.
At the station house, university
officers gave satisfactory excuses for
the two men.
The newspaper., 1910-05-06
Attention, Investors

The company price for Cedar
Canal and Reservoir stock is now
81 so per share The Cedar prop
osition is equal to Lilylands which
has sold for $4.00 per share. In
order to push the work ! will sell
not more than 5000 shares of Ce-
dar Canal and Reservoir company
stock at Sl.25 per share for cash.
If the purchaser desires absolute
security tor his investment l will
give my written obligation to buy
the stock l sell at above price,
$1.25. within one year from date
of sale at $l.50 per share. As l
have paid more than 100000 of
my debts within the past three
years and as have property
around Paonia now worth more
than $4,000 above all debts and
exemptions, and as Cedar stock is
bound to rapidly increase in
value, this is the very best invest
ment you can make.
l. d. McFADDEN.
Paonia, Colo.
The newspaper., 1910-05-06


is not too early to begin to fill
Democratic heads with political
wisdom, and let the good work
proceed without interruption
Fort Morgan Herald.
We can see victory for the Re-
publican party this fall in the
calling of the extra session.-Bu-
ena Vista Republican.
Evidently the news of the great
standpat Republican victory at
Lake City did not reach the Ro-
chester district in time to stem
the tide of a Democratic land
slide.-Montrose Enterprise.
The newspaper., 1910-05-06

teemed father. Crawford has one
of the essential qualifications of
present Senator Guggenheim-
and that is the possession of a
capacious barl.-Lamar Sparks.
There is bill in Congress to
make quart a quart" "A quart
of what?" asks a Georgia editor.
People living in dry states should
not be too particular about their
wet goods.-Durango Democrat.
Congressman Rucker's many
admirers are very ardent over the
support that's been accorded the
boom that was launched recently
to elect the genial congressman
as successor to Senator Guggen-
heim.-Kersey Enterprise.
Governor Shafroth is man of
considerable executive ability. He
is honest and patriotic, and if he
does err in judgment once in a
while let US all as citizens first
and partisans afterward uphold
his hands in any good measure he
espouses.-Pueblo Indicator.
Robert w. Bonynge is trying
to bamboozle the people into Civ
ing him job again. The voters
OF this state will know what to do
with him and Haggott when they
think of their recent admission,
that they probably would have
voted with Cannon had they been
in Congress.-Creede Condle.
The political broth might be
improved by little OF the milk oil
human kindness.-Westcliffe Tri
bune.
Governor Shafroth seems to be
having a little experience with
, the latest malady, insurgitis, ir
trying to whip the Democrats in
to line for the extra session.
Sterling Experimentation
Former Congressman Cook
who failed to get Senator Steph'
enson's toga, thinks La Toilette:
will fit him just as we'll. and is go
ing after it. No dull summer il
Wisconsin this year.-Steamboa'
Pilot.
1t would never do for a re.
porter to act os census enumera
tor. He would risk twenty wears
in the pen to get to publish some
of the inside facts he would ge'
hold of while making the rounds
-Olathe Criterion.
The price of hogs has declined
one plunk. Now if some one
doesn't start another ncat boy,
colt, we may be able to buy porl
once more.-Durango Democrat
All the world may be stage
but it certainly is not waite,
wagon.-Twin Lakes Miner.
In his African stories Colone
Roosevelt makes from $40 to SAC
every time he apologies for miss
ing a shot.-Sterling Republican
Advocate.
Though it is yet more thar
seyen months till the election, i
The newspaper., 1910-05-06
COLORADO EDITORS AND
THEIR VARYING OPINIONS


The Democrats and the lnsur-
gent Republicans cried Heavens
in the Thirty-second New York
district, ano the standpatters are
crying "Heavens" from Maine to
California.-Trinidad Advertiser.
The Republicans who are try
ing to belittle the work of John
H. Martin in Congress might Just
as we'll take in their horns. 1t will
take a man of bigger stature
than Horace T. DeLong to get
Johns scalp.-Montrose Enter
prise.
An Ohio editor suggests as d
means of reducing the annoyance
of newspaper borrowers, is for
the subscriber to clip out one or
two important items each week
which might arouse the curiosity
of his neighbor and force him to
subscribe.-Ramah Telegram.
Next fall the people of Colo
RADIO will have the supreme pleas
ure of returning to that high
bench which for years he alone
adorned. Chief Justice Robert
Steele. Democrat.
The Democracy of this State
can feel sure of one thing, and
that is the reelection of our pres
ent Congressman and Judge
Steele. 1t would be a great cal
amity to the state to lose any OF
these men, They have proven to
be faithful servants and should be
rewarded.-Canon City Times.
The state banking department
has established bureau to pro-
tect the people from fakirs with
worthless stock to unload. This is
paternalism of commendable
kind.-The Alamosa lndepen.
dent Journal.
All straws point TO the return
of Congressman Taylor, Martin
and Rucker to the national legis
lature for a second term. This
has been made doubly certain
since the Republican editors oi
the state have decided to go down
the line tor the Taft administra-
lion, Cannon Aldrich bill and all.
-Montrose Enterprise.
Messrs. Bonynge and Haggott
have admitted that they would
have cast their vote tor Cannon il
they had been members of the
house. This only goes to show
the wisdom of the people in re-
tiring them sine die.-Aurora
Democrat.
The population of Texas thirty
wears hence it is estimated will be
1S,000.000. And it might be added
that the Democratic majority at
that time will be about four mil
lion-Bayheld Blade.
Crawford Hill, owner of the
Denver Republican. is talked OF
as a candidate to fill the Office oi
senator, once held by his es'
The newspaper., 1910-05-06
For Your Sunday Dinner

Chicken dinner at the Woods
restaurant for 25 cents. The best.
Successor to Jackson. Don't
worry your wife with cooking on
Sunday; come here. 36tf
The newspaper., 1910-05-06

This popularity contest. and yet the results will de-
pend largely the hustng ability of the contestants and
friends. Any one who will devote little spare time
getting subscribers for The NEWSPAPER and urging
old subscribers pay their subscription
easily a joyous vacation which will live IN
your JOY spot until old to travel
again. and all the expense of The NEWSPAPER.
The San Francisco call., 1910-07-31
CORAM SMELTER
WILL SHUT DOWN
Shasta County Farmers Reject
Proposition of BalakIala
Copper Company
Especial Dispatch 10 The Call

REDDING, July Boone hundred and
fifty Shasta county farmers almost
unanimously rejected, at a meeting in
Anderson today. the proposition of the
Balaklala copper company to permit II
TO continue to operate its remaining
furnace at the Coram smelter. Only
one farmer favored the Balaklala com
pany. All the others insisted that in
fairness to the Mammoth copper COM
pany at Kennett, which has built a ba g
house that controls smelter smoke. the
Balaklala should cease operation until
1t completes it Cottral process for con-
trolling the fumes.
r. I. White. manager of the Balak
lala, was present at the meeting. He
gracefully accepted the farmers ulti-
matum and said that he would shut
down the smelter in three days, or as
soon the matte could be turned
into blister copper.
The shutdown at Coram will be only
until October /, said the manager.
when operations will be resumed to full
capacity. The smoke consumer is to
be completed by that date. Extra men
will be put at construction. All old
smelter hands are asked to remain in
Coram if possible, so that they will
be on hand when they are wanted in
October.
The San Francisco call., 1910-07-31
SACRAMENTO fire.
CHIEF RETIREs
Henry A. Guthrie Leaves De-
partment After 43 Years
of Fighting Flames
Especial Dispatch 10 The Call

SACRAMENTO. July 30.-Chief Henry
A Guthrie of the Sacramento fire de-
partment retired today, after 43 years
service in the department He entered
the old volunteer fire department in
1867 and has been fire fighter ever
since. He had been chief of the local
fire department for 81 years, receiving
the appointment October 1S. 1889.
Guthrie made his last run responding
to fire alarm this morning.
The gray haired chief almost broke
down when bidding his men goodby,
saying that IL would be hard, for him
to hear the alarms turned in and not
respond to them. He retired of his
own accord. having asked for and re-
ceived permission 70 do so on a pension.
The San Francisco call., 1910-07-31
Marriage Licenses

The following marriage licenses were issued II
San Francisco Saturday, July 80. 1910:
C0RDELL- L-BENNETT4AIb Cordel %. 4oI,
Twenty fifth ST., and Alice Bennett, Is, 3Ss
Valencia st.
DESMoND-wILLCOX- William Desmond, 3s
l2Io Eleventh ave-, and Elsie Co WILCOX, %
1862 Sanchez st.
ECKENBERG Golfer Hugo S. Eckenberg
q, Alameda. and Anna It. Golfer, 70, rs.
Forty first ave
ESSE--McGOVERN-John Hesse. 21 Oakland
and Mary E. McGovern, Is. 576 Hill St
KIRBY-PAUL-Lous s. Kirby, "a. Idaho City,
Idaho and Esther NJ Paul, 81 Folsom, Sac
ramento county.
LASSEGUES- S-CAzAJOUS-Pierre Lassegues, %
4ll2 California ST., and Marie CazsJous, -,
2o16 Pacific ave.
LOWERY-BROWN-H p. Lowery, &c, and
Mary F. brown, 20. both of San Francisco.
BOSSART-John Manaut, "a 519
Jackson ST., and Adrienne Bossart, y, 1915
California ST.
MORIS-BANSEMER- Howard E. Morin, p,
Saratoga Springs and Jewel L. Bansemer, Is,
1545 Twentieth ave.
NICOLINI-MILLER-Joh H. Nicolini, 81, and
Orel j. Miller. 20, both of 1151 Turk st.
PETERS -CI.AUSSEN-He G. E.. Peters.
40, and Emile Claussen, %, both of 2l9 Ray
mond ave.
E-(MASE--J John Roe, ~ and Esther Mase,
"a, both of Hotel Hamiin. city.
WEINST0CK- Robert Weinstock. 25 10
Presidio Terrace, and Dorothy W. Hill, 10,
1850 Scott st.
The San Francisco call., 1910-07-31
NEW. TRIALS DENIED
BY APPELLATE COURT
Libel Suit Against Vallejo
Newspaper Out of Courts

SACRAMENTO, July 30.-The appel
late court today handed down an opin-
ion upholding the order of Judge A.
j. Buckles Of the superior court of So
lano county in denying a new trial to
Walter Skrocki
Skrocki recently lost a $4,000 libel
suit against H. F. Stahl and F. J. Nc
Gettigan, proprietors of the Vallejo
Evening News.
An opinion was filed upholding Judge
". IL -Conley Of the superior court of
MADEIRA county in denying a new trial
TO Jose -NerduzcO, who was sentenced
10 life Imprisonment for the murder
Of Constantine Soto, who worked a a
laborer at a mill near MADEIRA
The San Francisco call., 1910-07-31
MARRIAGES

CREIGHToN--KING In this city, July %:
1910, by the Rev. DR.. George A. Hough of
Grace NJ. E.. church, William II. Creighton
and Lelah King both OF San Francisco
HOADLEY-REY-In this city, Saturday, July
80. 1910 by the Rev. James NJ. McEhnney.
Fred Marshall Hoadley Of New York city and
Clara Eliza Reyr of San Francisco.
MISUNDERSTANDING this city, July
2s 1910, by the Rev. Father I. n. Pash-
kovsky, Peter Miailovich and Jennie Miailo-
vich, both of San Francisco.
E-STEFFENSEN-In this city. July
80 1910 by the Rev. Dr. Edwin II. Hadloek
Charles Henry Rathbone of Pleasanton and
Lydia Marguerite Stefensen of Oakland.
LBERGER-SCHULZ-I this city,
July 80. 1910. by the Rev. j. Fuendeling, John
Schaufelbergef and Louisa Mary Schulz.
SCHUMACHER- R-SHREINER-In. this city, July
2s, 1916 by the Rev. J. Fuendeling. William
Karl Schumacher and Mrs. Hattie K.
Schrener both of Stockton, Cal.
STOIZ-BARTH-In this city. Junet4 20. 1910.
by the Rev. Oscar II. Gruver, John E Stols
and Gertrude J. Barth.
TODD-BBvELL-In San Rafael, Cal. July 2,
1910 by the Rev. Father Callopy, Alexander
Todd and Frances e. Bevell.
The San Francisco call., 1910-07-31
BIRTHS

DEL vECCHIo-July &C. 1910, to the wife Of
E. Del yecchio, son.
DowD-In this city, July 10. 1910, to the wife
of Bernard j. Dowd, son.
DUNSTAN-In this city. July 25 1910. to the
wife of E. A. Dunstan formerly Blanche
Long).
GooDwIN-In this city. July 2s, 1910, to the
wife of j. ID. Goodwin, a son.
HENNESSY-In this city. July %, 1910. to the
wife of John W Hennessy, son.
MITCHELL,--In this city, July % 1910. to the
wife of John I. Mitchell, daughter.
MoSER-July 25 1910. to the wife of Joseph
Moser. daughter.
TULLINS-At Sunnyside, CAL. July IA, 1910,
to the wife OF John G. Tullins son.
WAGNER-In this city, July 20, 1910, to the
. wife Of Adolph P. Wagner (nee McDermott). a
daughter.
The San Francisco call., 1910-07-31
RAILROAD AND COUNTY
SETTLE ROAD DISPUTE
PorterviIie Northeastern to
Build Wide Highway
[Specidl Dispotch 10 The Call

lOPCtiul A%iSPotCH ~ VIC NOh
PORTERVILLE, July 30-Of1cers of
the Porterville Northeastern railroad.
now being built from this city to the
mountains, and the county authorities
have reached an agreement whereby a
controversy over disputed rights of way
has been duly settled
Deeds were made out some months
ago to rights of way for a county
wagon road from Mcfarland to Chico
Flat. six miles east of this city. When
no attempt was made by the city to
construct the road the railroad people
obtained the deeds for the same prop
erty. Then both the county and the
railroad placed men at work on the
road.
Today the disputants met and it was
agreed that the railroad should have
the rights of way over the disputed
territory, in return for which they are
to build the grade wide enough to
accommodate both the railroad lines
and the wagon road.
The San Francisco call., 1910-07-31
Sacramento and San Joaquin Valleys
TRUCKEE-CARSON
LANDS WITHDRAWN
Government Protects Against
:. Entry Tracts Needed for
Ill. irrigation Project
. Especial Dispatch 10 The Call


:: SACRAMENTO. July Modification
was. received by the Sacramento land
office today from the department of the
, interior Of the withdrawal Of land in
connection with the Truckee-Carson
project excepting only those tracts the
title; TO which has already passed from
the government:
-. The lands withdrawn are described as
follows:
= Township is north. range l5 east, northeast
quarter section 2 Nevada county.
= Township IL north, range IS east. east half
section IS. Eldorado county.
Township lS north. range Is east. all frac-
tionsl sections z Is 10 and so Sierra county.
Township 20 north, range Is essf, south one
bali Of northeast -one-hslf. southeast one-fourth
OF northwest one-fourth. southeast ne-fourth Of
section 50 and northeast one fourth of section
81 Sierra county.
Township 10 north. range 19 east. south one
half Of northeast one fourth and south ona-haf
81 northwest one-fourth Of section :, Alpine
county-
The San Francisco call., 1910-07-31
GILLETT APPOINTS
STATE DELEGATES
c. S. Aiken and Oscar A. Trip
petit Honored by Governor

SACRAMENTO, July Ex-Governor
Gillett today appointed Oscar A. Trip
petit of Los Angeles to act as delegate
for the state at the national confer
ence on uniformity of laws, which
meets at. Chattanooga, Tenn. August
25, and to the national conservation
congress, which conyenes at st. Paul,
Mimi, September 6. C. S. Aiken of San
Francisco, editor of the Sunset maga
zine, was appointed to appear as a CAL
ifornia delegate at the national irri-
cation congress, meeting at Pueblo
Colo, September &c.
The San Francisco call., 1910-07-31
INVALID WIFE CHARGES
:...:... MURDEROUS ASSAULT
Member of Prominent Porter
willie Family Sought by Police
S..--.-I n...aI l. IL IN

PoRTERVILLE. July 3o.-"Bob" Bays,
member of prominent family of
this city, and now a resident of TUlare,
IS being eagerly sought by the police
Of the county on a. charge of murder
ous assault preferred by his wife.
Bays is said 10 have brutally mis-
treated his wife. who is a bedridden
invalid, and with a threat to kill her
upon his lips he left their home and
fed 10 this city. Messages were sent
here TO intercept the fugitive, but by
the time the local officers had received
the message Bays was informed Of the
warrant for his arrest and had disap-
pesred.
=. Bays made good his escape and is
stfll at large, although a liberal re-
ward is offered for his apprehension.
The San Francisco call., 1910-07-31

Birth, marriage and death notices sent by mall
Will not be inserted. They must be handed In at
either OF the publication offices and be Endorsed
with the name and residence of persons author
lied to have the same published. Notices re-
strfcted simply TO the announcement OF the event
are published once in this column free of charge.
The San Francisco call., 1910-07-31
WOMEN ARRESTED FOUR
DAYS IN SUCCESSION
War of Rivals Keeps MarysviIIe
Police Busy
TSpeciol Dispotch TO The Call

MARYSVILLE, July 3o.-Inmates of
both rival tenderloin districts were ar
rested again early this morning as a
result of the war which is being waged
to decide which district shall be wiped
out. The women were brought into the
police court this morning and each gave
bail for appearance. This is the fourth
day in succession the women have been
arrested. They have not been tried on
any of the charges as yet.
The San Francisco call., 1910-07-31
PASTOR WILL WALK 200
MILES FOR VACATION
Rev. F. q. Spence Plans Long
Tramp Over Mountains
Especial Dispatch TO The CALI

WOODLAND, July 3o.-Rev. S. G.
Spence, pastor of the First Unitarian
church, proposes to take hike of 200
miles for his vacation. He plans to
leave here next week, cross the range
through Bartlett Springs, Lakeport.
Highland Springs and Pieta to Point
Arena He will walk down the coast
from there to San Francisco, and back
around the shores of the bay.
The San Francisco call., 1910-07-31

Black. John. ....... 81
Bonstin. Samuel A. 81
Chiosso, Giacome. :. &C
Grimm, Mrs. Alice "A
Craske, Minnie d.
Day, James S...... 70
De la Montanya. A. A
De Torres. Juana G.. "A
! Eccles, John ..... 10
Flynn. Lorette D.. /, IL
Gimpel, Moritz c.. II
Goetting, Charles +. 73
Hastie, Robert. -. 80
Heineman. Jacob :. 51
Henrickson, CLAUS. I. SO
Jennings, Wm. F. ;. :33
keating, Russell j.. "a
Kidder. Margaret. 90
/ Larrue, Julie -. 6S
Leeds, Elizabeth A. SO
The San Francisco call., 1910-07-31
CARD OF THANKS

WALTERS-We desire to express our sin
eere thanks for the many kindnesses shown
us. and the foral offerings sent by cur many
friends. IN our hour Of bereavement in the
loss OF our son. Harry.
MR. and MRS. H. E. WALTERS.
The San Francisco call., 1910-07-31

I Mazzini. Tommaso.- So
tMcComb, Elizabeth =. 81
Mcclure. Edna L.
mclaughlin, Mary T. 90
lMulrey, Edwin, -.... %
! Palmtag, August =. %
Parkyns, Jennie A..
lockwood, E. R.. %
Rudolph, Laura E.. I. 80
Schetzel, Emma e.. /. 40
Schwarzschild. Anna
Ha .....-..... ~
Serin, Charles 49, 90
Thompson. Thomas :. 40
Tierney, Catherine. s2
Tilden, Frank NJ.
Barner ......e fCard)
Walters ....... (Card)
The San Francisco call., 1910-07-31
DEATHS

Barr. Catherine. :. = ILiienfeld, Pauline 81
Bennett, T.. E.. III Afaher, panIel f. -, IS