The Farmington times. (Farmington, St. Francois County, Mo.) 1905-1926, 1910-06-09
ROMANES LECTURE GIVEN
BY THEODORE ROOSEVELT
Event Postponed by Kings Death Attracts a
Large Audience at Oxford Curzon
Introduces the Distinguished American.

ence OF distinguished men and stu
dents Of oxford university, Theodore
Roosevelt on June Z delivered the
Romanes lecture, his subject being
biological Analogies in History" The
lecture had been scheduled for delivery
on May Is, but OF coura" was post
poncd on account Of King Edwards
demise. It was given In the sheldon.
Ian thcator and Lord Cur2ou, as chan.
collor OF the university, presided and
Introduced the lecturer.
In seeking TO penetrate ihr causes
OF the mysteries that surround not
only mankind but ell life, both IN the
present and the past. said MIR, Roose-
Welt. We SEQ strange analoGics in the
phenomena Of lifo and death, of birth
growth and change. between those
physical groups OF animal life which
We designate as species forms, races
and the highly complex and composite
entities which rise before our minds
when we speak OF nations and civil
lizatIons. 1t is this study, he assert.
ed, that has given science its present
day prominence, and the historian Of
mankind must work in the scientific
opirit and use the treasure-houses Of
science,
To Illustrate, the lecturer took sew.
eral instances OF the development of
new species and the extinction o! spe-
.cies in the history OF mammalian life,
showing that In some cases the causes
can be traced with considerable accu-
racy. and in other cases we cannot so
much as hazard a guess as to why a
given change occurred,
Analogles In Human History.
Continuing, Mr.. Roosevelt said in
part:
Now. as 10 all Of these Phenomena In tho
S.v0luuon Of species, there are, II not
homolOcles. at least certain nnaloEics, In
the history OF human societies. In the
history Of tho rise to prominence, OF the
development and change. Of the tenn
pcrary dominance and death or trans
formation. OF the groups OF varying kind
which form races or nations.
As in biology. so in human history,
new form may result from tho specialize
tlor Of long-cSlsting ana hitherto very
Notwithstanding EcneraliZCl or non
a barbur,c race from a variety OF causes
suddenly develops n more complex cult
walton and civilization. That is what &C
cured. FOR instance in western Europe
during the centuries OF the Toutonlc and
later tho Scandinavian cthnic oycrilows
from the north. All the modern countries
OF western Europe are descended from tho
states created by these northern invaders.
When first created they could be called
"ncw" or young" states In the sense
mat part or all Of the people composing
them were descended from races that
hitherto had not been civilized at all, and
chat therefore for the first time entered
on the career Of civilized communities.
In the southern part OF western Europe
the now states thus formed consisted in
bulk Of tho Inhabitants already In the land
under tho Homnn empire, and It was
here that the new kingdoms first took
shape. Through a ronrN action their
influence then extended hacl, into tho cold
forests from which the invaders had come,
and Germany aud Scandinavia Witnessed
III" rise ~ communities with essentially
the same civilization as their southern
ncirhhCr# though In those communities.
uUiI.r tie southern communities there
was no infusion ~ now blood, and IN each
case the now civilized nation which rradu-
ally developed was composed entirely OF
members OF tho same race which In tho
same region had for HEos lived the life OF
slowly changing blrharism Tho samo
was true Of the Slavs and tho Slavomzcd
Films 81 eastern Europe. when an iufl-
trati0u 81 Scandinavian leaders from the
north and inhltratlon Of Byzantine
culture from the south joInod.to produce
the changes which have gradually. out Of
tho littlc Slnv communities Of the forest
and the stoppo formed tho mighty Russian
Nmpre OF today
New" and "Young" Nations.
Again. the new form may represent
merely a splitting or from long.estab-
tshed highly developed and specialized
nation. In this case the nation IA usually
spoken OF as n young" and Is correctly
spoken Of ms n new" alton; but the
term should always 10 used with n clear
sense OF the difference between what Is
described in such case. and what is de-
scribcd by the same term in speaking of
civilized nation Just developed from a
barbarism. Carthage and Syracuse were
new cities compared with Tyre and Cor
iuth. but the Greek or phoenicinn race was
In every sense Of the word as old In tho
new city In tho old city. So nowadays
Victoria or Manitoba Is a new community
compared with England or Scotland: but
the ancestral type OF civilization and Gull
ture is az old In one case ns in the other
Of course do not mean for n moment
that great changes arc not produced by
the mere fact that the old civilized race
IL suddenly placed In surroundings where
II has again to 70 through tho work Of
-. ming the wilderness. work finished
many centuries before in the original
home of the race; l merely mean that
the ancestral history is the snmo in each
case. We can rightly use the phrase "a
new people" In speaking OF Canadians
or Australians. Americans or AfrIkanders.
But we use II In an entirely different
sense from that In which we use It whom
speaking Of such communities as those
founded by the mortimer and their de-
sccndants during that period OF astonish-
ing growth which saw the descendants of
the Morse sea-thievGs conquer and trans.
form Normandy. Sicily. and the British
islands: we use II in an entirely different
sense from that In which we use II when
speaking OF the new states that grew I'D
around Warsaw, Kief. Novgorod, and
Moscow, as the wild savages OF tho
steppes and the marshy forests struggled
haltingly and stumblingly howard TO
become builders OF cities and to form
stable governments. rhe Kingdoms of
Charemagne and Alfred were new, 4"
compared with the empire on the Bos-
phorus; they were also In every way diff
ferent their lines OF ancestral descent had
nothing In common with those OF tho
polygot realm which paid tribute to the
Caesars Of ByZantium; their social prob