Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-11-20
COUNT TOLSTO| DIES

UUUNI IUIUIVI DIlU
Continued from First Page.)
curator of the Rumyanzoff Museum on
the condition that they should not be pub
lished until ten years after his death, and
in November of the same year he legally
made over his whole fortune. including
his real and personal estate, 10 MS Wlie
and children.
I'm 1895 TolstOf wrote a powerful vlnoi-
cation of the DukhobOr sect. which dur
ing that year had suffered great persecu-
ton for its religious professions. on the
Russian censor refusing to permit us
publication, Tolstoi applied to the Lon
don Times. which printed the lengthy
article in full. He continued from tnat
time on to address his literary efforts TO
the British press. March II. 1865, the
London Daily Chronicle published long
letter from Tolstoi to a correspondent in
England on the Venezuela dispute, winch
had recently arisen between the United
States and Great Britain. 1t was strong
indictment Of war.
Threatened With Expulsion.
Tolstoi was several times threatened with
expulsion from Russia, and was several
times, according to report, upon the point
Oh USlU& eAllcus Uul NC oCChiCu VII tAAS
whole to have been treated with un-
usual leniency in view of his strongly
pronounced views, especially as set forth
in a manifesto entitled THE Peoples
Rights" his criticisms Of imperial acts
and his open letters to the emperor. He
was. however. expelled from Moscow IN
July. 1901. and had since resided at
Yasnaya Poliana.
His health at that time was poor, and
for a period his life was in danger. but
hs regained his strength and resumed
work Later he suffered relapse, and
ing. Once more he rallied. and in June
his recovery was pronounced complete.
Denounced Japanese War.
In July, 1904, Tolstoi wrote strong ar
ticle denouncing the Russo-Japanese war;
which caused the seizure of the NOvosti
of st. Petersburg, which published it, and
a revival Of the reports of the govern
ment's intention to take severe action
against the author.
In January, 1905, Tolstoi published an
open letter to the emperor regarding the
internal conditions in Russia, which was
printed throughout the world, and some
time later he completed his drama. Be
hind the Scenes in War" the production
Of which was prohibited In st. Peters,
burg
The London Times September 1. 1905,
published q seven-collmn article by Toll
stoi entitled IA Great Iniquity.'' dealing
with the land question and declaring that
Russia is living through an important
time that is destined to have enormous re-
suits.
Believed in Henry George.
The article was largely devoted to the
theories of the late Henry George. and
declared that the land question had reach
ed a state of ripeness such as fifty years
ago was reached by the question Of serf-
dom.
In 1907 he wrote a letter to Paul Sa-
batter Of Paris as a reply to the latters
book on the disestablishment of the
church In France In this communication
the Russia writer predicted the posi-
BILE reduction of all Christian countries
of the west to a state of vassalage to the
Japanese and other oriental people. bas-
ing his prediction on the ground that it
is only in the orient that religion and
patriotism are synonymous.
On the occasion of TOlstois eightieth
birthday extensive celebrations were held.
although they were strongly disapproved
by the Russian government and were
made the subject Of an appeal by the
holy synod to all believers to abstain
from participation.
His Publishers Imprisoned.
Several OF the publishers of TolstOrs
WARTS have been sent to prison. OF
these M. Selden was sentenced to a term
OF six months in 1909 for publishing and
distributing the pamphlets Thou Shalt
Not KILL" "A Letter to Liberals and
christianity and Patriotism" The ven
cradle writer Of these pamphlets ad-
dressed note to the court. challenging
the prosecution of himself instead Of the
publisher. But the magistrate did not
venture to institute proceedings against
Tolstoi and the government took no no.
tice of the challenge.
Although Tolstoi came of an aristocratic
family, being q descendant OF Count
Peter Tolstoi, the friend and comrade of
Peter the Great, and received his educa-
ton at KAHN University, entering the
army as lieutenant of artillery and
commanding a battery at SebastOpol he
was at heart a peasant In the best sense
~. 'the word. devoted to the II provement
az the condition of the Russian masses
and eager to lead them in the right path.
With these obie0tS in view he, as early
as 1870, organized peasant schools on a
new and original educat onal basis, CO.
operated in the Improvement or cheap.
popular publications organized relief for
the starving population of middle Russia
lin 1S0l-92), renowned his property in
copyr 'ght. land and money. and, during
the recent agrarian disturbances, actually
but vainly invited the peasants to, plum
der his estate at Yasnaya, Poliana-
Lived Life Of a Peasant.
There he lived the life of a peasant. in
peasants hut, partaking only Of the
simple peasants food and wearing the
peasants costume-rough blouse. broad
leather belt, fur cap. long beard. wide
trousers tucked into high cowhide boots.
But although Tolstoi chose the existence
Of peasant, his family occupied the sub
stantial family mansion on the Yasnaya
Poliana estate, not far from Tolstoi's
peasant hut. In the mansion was the au-
thor's library, and there he went when
ever he desired to dictate to his secre-
tary, after which he returned to his peas
ant occupations. But although he led a
countrymans life. Tolstoi was great
reader. and among his recreations were