The Birmingham age-herald., 1910-12-04

sure but that they believe they will talk, 1 them to heaven. This holy fire is sup 1 posed to have come down from heavel | and to blaze Inside the chapel of the Hol, | Sepulchre, where Is supposed to be tht tomb in which our Savior was laid Ther are holes in the walls of the sepulchr and the candles are thrust through then to one Of the Greek priests, who stands within. He lights them and then passes | them out From these lights other can dies are lighted and within a few mo- ments after the fire appears the thou | sands of pilgrims in the church have their candles gnited. As soon as they get the 1 light they rush forth holding their hands around the blaze, endeavoring to carry l the burning candles to their homes in | Jerusalem.
 The Bazars and Their Caves But come with me for walk through | the bazars of Jerusalem. We are in network of yaluted tunnels, walled on each side with cavelke shops, and filled with a crowd of Syrians, Bedouins, Ar l menians. Jews and the other strange characters of this part Of the east. The arched tunnel Is lighted only by holes in the roof. The shops have neither win dows nor doors. They seem to have been cut out of the walls, and the largest of them is not more than 15 or 20 feet deep. Some are so narrow you can stand at the front and reach both walls with your hands, and none is much higher than your head. Nevertheless each is a store, and it is walled with shelves filled with goods. There is only enough room outside the shelves for the merchant to sit, and the customers must stand in the street as they shop.
 Cobblers and Timers
 These bazars are classified, one bus- ness being devoted to each. There is a shoemaker's bazaar where scores of cob blers are working. At the entrance to each cavelike shop two shoemakers sit, with untanned calfskin aprons tight about them sewing away. Between them on block of wood, an olive tree stump 1t may be. rests slab of white marble. This is the shoemakers' bench, upon which they pound the wet leather soft with what looks like a brass paper weight. It is as big around as tumber and of about the same height, tapering from the top to the bottom.
 The shoes are all made with needle and thread The soles are of camel hide and the uppers of kidskin or goatrkn These are the common shoes of the peasant, selling for from 90 cents to s1 pair, according to size As I watched the cob blers I asked as to their wages, and was told they received from 40 to 60 cents for laboring from sunrise to sun- set.
 Tn another street timers are working, using oil cans to make pots and pans. Their shops are not much bigger than cupboards, and the worlmen are long bearded men in fez caps and gowns.
 The Grain Market
 Farther on is the grain market, con. sisting of many great vaulted cham bers, one or more of which belong to each merchant. The vaults are filled with piles of wheat, corn, barley, oats nd mi lat The grain Is sold by measure. I saw a Bedoinin come in to one of the vaults to buy two bushels of oats. It was dipped out by the peck. the mer chant sh haking the measure to make the grain solid, and then heaping up the top with his hands so that the oats formed cone. This was the "good measure pressed down, shaken togeth CT and running over," as mentioned Ill St. Luke The people here never buy grain by the sack and they want to see 1t measured out before their eyes. If the buyer is not present he cannot be sure of getting good measure, and I am told that the hypnotic grain sell CTS are sometimes able to impose upon those who purchase, making them think they get more than they do.
 tsrrvs,Inm Bakery
 Much of the grain of the Holy City IS ground It home and a great deal of that of Palestine is turned into flour by hand mills. Some flour is imported and some Is ground in mills run by cames or donkeys In baking bread the dough fH kreaded at home and brought in great humps to the public ovens. These are to be found in almost every street. They are cave-like vaults, running down below the street level. At the back of each vault Is the oven, with a sort of we'll before its open door. Inl the well stands the baker, with long paddle in his hand upon which he puts in and takes out the loaves. I have seen many bakeries of this kind. The fuel used Is olive wood, and the oven floor is marked out in blocks, so that the banking of each family Is put on separate block. The ioaves are about an inch thick and of the