davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1910-10-28
Good Onion Soil.

If good onion soil has been selected,
but little irrigation will be needed in
the forepart of the season. In the
heavier soils, where the water is run
In burrows between double rows. the
irrigation ia begun earlier and every
effort Is exerted to keep the ground
moist.
The bulbs are pulled by hand and
thrown into windows. After ehey
have become completely cured the
tops are removed and the the onions
are sorted and packed. Topping IL
done BY cutting of the tops about q
half inch above the bulb. taking oare
to ma1o Q smooth cut 90 as not to In.
lure the outer coverings.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1910-10-28
WINDMILL rs CHEAP W
In Many Western Sections One 10
Used to Supply Reservoir to
IrrIaate. Small Gardens.

From almost time immemorial tbs
windmill has been the cheap power On
the farm. 1t is a familiar sight IN
many old countries like Holland
where 1t becomes the errand boy. do
ing "a thousand and one things" for
the farmer besides grinding hid
"grist' and pumping water. In thu
stock raising regions Of the Misaia
sippi plains and intermountain 10
gions of the west, scarcely a farm OF
ranch can be found without the wind
mill to pump stock water, says Camp
BELLS Scientific Farmer.
In many sections a small reservois
is supplied by the windmill and thia
water Is used to irrigate q small gar.
den and the lawn.
The Office Of irrigation investiga
tions Of the United States department.
Of agriculture has q number Of sta
tions throughout the west to test the
efficacy and practical Importance Of
pump irrigation by windmill and gaso-
line engine for the home garden and
small crop areas from n to ten
dCIcn. 0ldIlOll6 dIc 1O" III OpCl G6IAO1I
in several states and are certain ia
prove of great practical value to th0se
regions.
The pumping capacity OF windmills
depends upon so many different things
besides the caprice of the wind" that
it is scarcely advisable to attempt any
estimate Of capacity.
The general rule-force of wind in.
creases or decreases with the square
Of It's velocity-would measure the
power il we had ten hours of any Civ
en- day when we had the same wind
force.
Wilcox. in "Irrigation Farming" has
estimated the mean average velocity
Of the wind of the United States as
a little less than eight miles an hour
for a average period OF eight
to ten hours out of twenty-four, a full
day.
The two most important factors we
now have to consider are force of the
wind and diameter Of the wheel. An
eight-mile wind gives a force OF one
third of a pound to the square foot
and when we consider $4,000 foot
pounds as one horsepower we can
measure the efficiency of II wind.
mill. One horsepower (Wilcox says)
will raise one acre inch of water (27.-
1874 g%allons) n foot high in ten min.
utes. 1t will elevate this one inch Of
water for one acre % feet above the
source in 4 1-16 hours.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1910-10-28
HORTICULTURAL NOTES..

Trees should eve be pruned in
frosty weather.
There is no money in u%npruned, In.
cultivated orchards.
Trimming the rec is one way Of
thinning the fruit.
Plants growing too thick cannot
:ruit or seed well.
If you would have a cover crop In
he orchard, clover is the best.
Look over the shrubs and trees in
storage and see that they are not dry.
,ng unduly.
Make haste slowly" is good advice
.or growers OF tuberous rooted bego-
Mas at the beginning of the season.
Pot the leaf cuttings of Begonia
Gloire de Lorraine as soon as they be-
gin to grow and insert a later batch.
Geraniums are often injured at this
lime by being left in the small pots
90 long. Keep them in cultivation.
A Wisconsin farmer has recently
imported from Sweden 1000 plants ee
the Lyon berry, which is much liks
our native BURBERRY.
The land is enriched by the drop
pings of the fowls which are a riod
fertilizer and especially valuable for
Use in the garden or orchard.
Bend over young currant canes next
spring, cover the middle we'll Will
iirt, and It will start roots. then in 4
short time you will have currant
plants.
Plants started in boxes and hot
beds need hardening" before tranG4
planting. This Is done by exposfnf
hem to the sun and air to strengthea
heir tissues.
The growth of flowers and hous4
plants ~ be greatly accelerated n
watering them occasionally with llauAt
manure. Soak manure IN water
sprinkle over the soil. !
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1910-10-28
4%irrigating Beans.

Beans be drilled at the rate OF
one-half bushel the acre in rows go
inches apart, covering to a depth Of
from two to three inches. A two-horse
corn drill does very we'll for it can be
adjusted to drill beans of most any
size. After the final disking harrow
the ground smooth. When the bean
sprouts are about one-half an inch
long, 60 over the field with a weeder.
generally twice the same day. Then
let the beans alone until they are up
and the seed beans have fallen off the
stalk, when it is time to irrigate and
follow again with the weeder.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1910-10-28
Her Artistic Instinct.

The girl was IL dainty thing in pink.
evidently IL stranger in Boston. The
fellow had Harvard written all over
him. They were standing in the de-
livery room of the public library. and
he vas explaining to her the deco
rations by Edwin Abbey which illus
tratc the legend of the Holy Grail.
AS he talked he glanced occasionally
at his fair listener and seemed pleased
to find her apparently lost in. rapture.
Finally, when his stock Of knowledge
was exhausted, he exclaimed:
Why. l never before knew that you
We're so interested in art"
For Il moment longer she continued
to gaze at the painting; then, with q
tremulouS sigh, she turned to him
with:
II have beer wondering how many
pieces it would make If cut up into
one Of those picture puzzles."-Har-
pcr's Magazine.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1910-10-28
Old Aae of Oysters.

Oysters grow only during summer,
and especially during long, warm sum-
mers ut that. and are scarcely big
enough for the mouth before the third
year. 1t is easy after looking over a
bunch of shells to tell how old an
oyster is. A summer hump and the
winter sink come across the shell
every year, but after the seventh OF
tenth year full growth comes; then by
looking at the sinks between the
humps it is hard to tell anything more
about Miss Oysters age. Oysters east
~ live to be twenty years old.-New
York Press.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1910-10-28
ALFALFA KNOWN TO ANcIENTs
Word Is From the Arabian and Means
"the Best Fodder"-Ranks Among
Oldest Known Plants.

The word alfalfa is from the Ara
bian and means the best fodder
The plant ranks among the oldest
known products of cultivated fields. II
may have formed the food of Nebu
~chadnezZar and there is historic evi
dence that 1t was carried from one
ancient country to another, but it Is
only within a decade that It's remark
able adaptability to conditions in the
west has become evident to all. When
Xerxes invaded Greece in 400 B. c. he
carried this plant. or the seed. with
him and it was taken to Rome in lac
B. C. The Moors carried alfalfa tc
Spain and from there it was taken tc
South America by Cortez in 1919. 1t
has been grown in California since
the days of the mission fathers, but
the areas devoted to it formerly were
small.
From the windows of any train
the United States frequent spots Of
rich, vivid green can be seen wher.
ever civilization is practiced and even
those who are entirely unfamiliar
with agriculture soon learn to recog.
nize the color of alfalfa. In spite OF
the fact that millions of acres are de,
voted TO the cultivation of this plant
the price of alfalfa on the open mar.
ket is steadily rising.
Alfalfa is called the poor mans
friend and the rich farmers best in.
vestment. It's friends call it the great.
est of all mortgage filters. the best OF
the 'get-rich-quick" schemes. When
the Mormons, who we're the first
white irrigators in the United States.
began work in Utah Brigham Young
gave them as a text: Pillow deep and
plant alfalfa" The wisdom of this
plan is known to every small farmer
throughout the west, as we'll as to the
millionaires who have devoted thou.
sands of acres to this purpose.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1910-10-28
Alfalfa for Hogs.

Alfalfa hay fed to hogs OIL full feed
gave astonishing results. The hogs
fed in a recent trial averaged 1875
pounds each at the beginning Of the
experiment. The hogs were fed all
the kaflr corn meal they would eat
clearly in an hour or so after feeding
and in addition were fed alfalfa hay
in forkfuls in fiat troughs. The hay
vas in splendid shape, had been cut
in the early bloom and perfectly
cured. The hogs were fed no more
than they would eat closely. the coars-
er stems being rejected. The lot fed
the alfalfa hay in addition to the kafir
corr made an average daily gain dur
ing the feeding period of nine weeks
Of LA pounds Der head and we're in
splendid marketable condition at the
close.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1910-10-28
GOOD LOAD-LIFTING DEVICE
Comes in Very Useful in Handling
Barrels, Boxes or Loads Of Hay
-Handy on Any Farm.

A device for lifting heavy objects,
such as barrels, large boxes and bales
of hay, has been invented by a Cali
fornia man. By means of it these
articles can be swung into a wagon
Or ship as a nan would lift a satchel,
In appearance the implement resem'
bles a huge pair Of ice-tongs, the arms
Of the tongs being curved in a semi.
circle so as to engage a barrel. AT
the bottom of these arms are spiked
wheels which are locked by a spring.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1910-10-28
JL%oad.Liftine Device.

actuated bar when it is desired to
grip the load. When the burden is to
be dropped the pawl is released and
the wheel rotates and allows the bar
rel to slide. out easily. The device
works on the principle of ice-tongs,
too, as when the vertical portions OF
the arms r drawn together by
means of cables at the top, the curved
portions close together and engage
the load. OF course it will be under.
stood that an apparatus of this nature
must be operated by some power en-,
CINE as a derrick would be.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1910-10-28
To Insure Healthy Pigs.

The man who takes proper care OF
his brood sows before hand is the one
who has the largest measure of sue.
cess at narrowing time.
If q SOW is kept in a small, dry lot
the ground is apt to become filthy and
inoculated with disease germs, but ii
kept in a pen the ground should be
disinfected frequently. Keep the
troughs clean.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1910-10-28
A New Ono on Him.

1t was after the stone laying cere-
mony, and a wire was sent to the
builder with the news, 'Stone laid
with great eclat." The builder, smoth-
ering an awful oath, muttered, can
other new foreign cement" and flung
the missive from him in passionate
disqualification Globe.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1910-10-28
Bunch Grass.

Bunch grass grows more or less in
the natural home of buffalo grass. but
Is to be found at It's best on the plains
to the northward. II is better known
under cultivation as western rye grass.
Like orchard grass, 1t grows in
punches rather than In a matted sod.
Its nutrition and palatability is not
equal TO that of buffalo grass. but it,
sustaining power 10 better, owing to
Tie more abundant production.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1910-10-28
Method Of Sowing Grass Seed.

Method Of Sowing Grass Seed.
When the seeds of mixed grass are
small they may be mixed and then
sown by running a distributor over
the land mounted on a w~heelbarrow.
This, however, will not SOW very large
seeds at the same time as the small
n e are sown. It is better to go yer
the ground twice, sowing the larger
ones at one time and also the smaller
ones. They should then be covered
by running over them a light harrow.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1910-10-28
Spraying Fruit Trees.

Spraying is sometimes necessary to
aid nature in keeping down insect life
that is preying on plants and fruits.
but it requires the closest study and
discrimination to understand when
and for what purpose 1t should be
done. The habits of each family Of
pests must be learned.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1910-10-28
Birds Don't Like Tar on Corn

Some farmers recommend the use
of coal tar on corn to prevent crows
and blackbirds picking It from the
ground. Use q teaspoonful Of tar to
a peck, but do not put 1t on the dry
corn. Add Il 70 warm water sufficient
to cover the corn and vet the corn
with II, drain. and mix with . few
handfuls Of land p1aster.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1910-10-28

Labor ribs us Of three great evils
irksomeness, vice and poverty.-voI-
taire.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1910-12-25
MORE COLOR IN BUILDINGS
Bright Effects That Supply Relief Now
 adays From Usual Uniformity

From the New York Sun.
 T note" said the town traveller, 'an increasing use of bright color on the out side of buildings with the effect of giving more contrast and variety, relief from dull uniformity. You may see the new way exemplified particularly in window sashes.
 "Following ancient custom, window sashes have commonly been painted white or brown or dark green. Now 1t is not very unusual to see window sashes painted pale green; and on building of light gray stone or brick the effect of this Is very pleasing to the untutored eye, and guess 1t is as good to the artistic.
 "Nor are such new color effects now confined to window sashes alone. I saw the other day new building, ope de- voted to business purposes. that illus trated the new departure throughout its front.
 This, six-story structure, was built of pale gray brick laid in brown mortar. with the cornice painted brown of the same shade. The caps and sills were white, the window frames and sashes a
The Birmingham age-herald., 1910-12-25

pale green. Above the third story was inset in the front to carry sign there a long narrow panel in pale blue. I was myself little in doubt about this, and still I liked it.
 "over the first story of the building was the name of the establishment, not on a signboard, but in spearate raised letters In gold. Now here was a building that showed gray and brown and white and green and blue and gold, and you might think that the effect would have been glarngly one of over-ornamentation, but it wasn't so at all. The building itself was distinctly a solid structure, built on plain, simple lines; not a dollar had been wasted in structural ornamentation. The effect was all produced by the colors and these were all light; there were no hard contracts the whole effect was one of lightness and brightness, and to me it was very attractive and agreeable.
 q would rather work in a building like that than in one that was simply dull barrack of stacked-up bricks and mortar and I don't suppose it cost cent more to build the building finished 1t is than 1t would have cost to build it dull.'' s'
The Birmingham age-herald., 1910-12-25

' John H. Findley of Mississippi Is an tenthusiastic boomer of the New Orleans Panama Canal exposition. 70: course.E
 New Orleans Is the logical point for the
 exposition, E hs declared. Tt is the Atlan-
 tic gateway of tho big ditch end Y the
The Birmingham age-herald., 1910-12-25

at the folks who walk in the streets is what makes anarchists.
 If had my way about it I'd have a chauffeur sent to jail for life who runs over anybody.
 Give those folks who get arrested for speeding a prison sentence and you'd see how soon they'd calm down."
 And then not least but last of all there Is the person who says profoundly and with emphasis after reading the account of a race in which driver is mortally hurt:
 Well, they talk about football and prize-fighting, but I'm sure neither com, pares with automobile racing. l don't see why they let them race. Aeroplaning is in the interest of science, but there isn't anything scientific about racing auto mobiles"
The Birmingham age-herald., 1910-12-25
Disappointed in Her Life

And so your father refuses to con- sent to our union?"
 He does, Rodolphus."
 The sad youth swallowed a sob.
 'Is. there nothing left for us then but an elopement?" he said.
 Nothing"
 The girl was fond but firm.
 Do you think, Clementine, that you could abandon this luxurious home, for get all the enjoyments of great wealth, banish yourself forever from your de- voted parents hearts, and go west with a poor young man to enter home of lifelong poverty and self-de- nial?"
 T could. Rodolphus"
 Then" said he, you are far from being the practical girl I have all along taken you to be-" And with one last look around on the sumptuousness that some day he had hoped to share. he sobbed and said farewell.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1910-12-25

 to the President of the United States for the time being. upon the following trusts, that is to say:
 Whereas, the ordinary and common ob- ject of charitable or philanthropic be- quests is to benefit those who are hinder ing humanity. namely. the criminal, the insane. the blind, the lame, the incurably diseased and the incapable.
 Now declare that it is the true intent and object of the following provisions to benefit those who are helping human ity and helping it the most, namely. founders of new religions, novelists, poets, musical composers. painters and sculptors, and inventors, giving the pref erence to such inventions as are not ca pablo of being patented, or otherwise bringing a pecuniary reward to their in- ventors.
 Furthermore, as it is my intention to benefit the best and highest. instead of the worst and lowest of mankind, so it is my desire and direction to my said trus- tee that he shall rather endeavor to ben eft one Poe or Whitman than a multi tude of second rate individuals.
 And all this I say and do in the be- lief that if my will be faithfully amend ed I shall confers more benefit on my fellow citizens and on mankind than by the endowment of an idiot asylum or a home for strayed dogs and cats.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1910-12-25

'I can take any hill I want to on the tigh but I don't believe in making the car do too much. If the maker hadn't intended them to be used he wouldn't have put in the low gears.
 Anyone can run a car; 1t takes mas ter to handle one of them in the right way.
 An automobiles not a cheap thing any way you look at it. The best economy in car is to get a high priced one first of all.
 You can't tell whether your chauffeur had the car out all night or not unless you spy on him. They're all alike, no matter how innocent they look.
 ''It doesn't make any difference how you plan your expenses, there's always something that makes the car cost more than you had expected.
 ''It takes all the money you've got to buy extra supplies for the car Every thing that you want comes extra.
 'I never go out on the road that I don't have to be lowed in. It isn't anything do; the car isn't made right.
 Its just as well to buy secondhand car At the end of a year you can't tell the difference.
 "I wouldn't touch a second hand car If you buy new one you can sell it for
The Birmingham age-herald., 1910-12-25

pretty near what you paid for 1t when the
 seasons over.
 "The trouble is there are too many
 automobiles being made in this country That's the reason they're bound to come
 down in price pretty soon. T wouldn't buy a car I couldn't run
 myself and until I learn I'm not going to invest in one.
 "As soon as these country hotel keep CTS see you coming In car they increase the price of everything. Any one who wants to use an automo- bile can as for me like to see the coun-
 try when I drive That's why stick to the horse.
 "It won't be long before every one is riding around in aeroplanes. Then the automobile will be a back number If a car breaks down. there you are; you can't take anything out of the shafts to idle home as you can with a wagon. People look so ugly with automobile clothes on You'd think they'd invent something pretty. "There's something about having an au- tomobile that makes people reckless When they get used to 20 miles an hour they want to go 40. You can take your life in your hands when you cross a street nowadays. the way most folks drive cars Is outrageous "They don't sound their horns to warn you; what they want to do is to scare folks to death.
 Everybody who has a car goes wild about speed There must be something
 about having an automobile that makes them want to race. These accidents you hear about all re- suit from carelessness. If motorists took care there wouldn't be any smash-ups. They haven't the least regard for the rights of anybody else. They seem to be- lieve they own the earth. 'I always walk just as slowly as I can
 when car Is coming along. I show them they can't hurry me. New York is getting as bad as Paris. You can't walk across a boulevard there and expect to have your safety regarded.
 'Tbe way people in automobiles look
The Birmingham age-herald., 1910-12-25


 city nearest 1t capable of holding such an exposition Don't worry about New Orleans being unable to take care sof the crowds. She will do 1t and do 1t hano- somely.
 .The whole south is back of her as we'll as the entire Mississippi valley, and I'll miss my guess if she doesn't get it. mississippi Is prosperous" continued MT Findlay; while the boil weevil has cut down our cotton crop somewhat. we aise good share of the staple, have got a fine price for 1t and are happy. Then, a much greater share of our cotton money stays at. home We are beginning to raise our own supplies at home. and if will not be long before we will be able to sell corn to our neighbors. we need people, We have some of the finest land in the world in the state, and in and when the state is filled up we'll have one of the richest states In the union.''
The Birmingham age-herald., 1910-12-25
A Public Prejudfce

From the Chicago Record Herald.
 The people of this country seem to be unwilling to accept any man as their per manent prophet.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1910-12-25

sRemarknbIe Will
 give and bequeath the sum or ten million dollars, American gold currency.
The Lambertville record., 1910-10-21
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .Mg
PRESBYTERIAN MERGER VALID
Court Uphods Combination Of U. S. A.
Church With Cumberland.

Court Uphoids Combination Of U. S. A.
Church With Cumberland.
In decision handed down by the
state supreme court at Little Rock.
Ark, the other day it was held that
the union between the Presbyterian
Church of the United States Of Amer
lea and the Cumberland Presbyterian
church in 1906 was valid and that the
Presbyterian Church Of the United
States of America succeeds to the right
and title of all the property held by the
Cumberland Presbyterian body.
The court declares that when the
general assembly of the Cumberland
churches voted to unite with the
Northern Presbyterian as to faith this
action transferred the right of prop
erty as well. This decision differs
from that OF the courts Of Tennessee
and Missouri. which held that the
churches united on a common faith,
but retained their identity as to prop
erty rights.
The Lambertville record., 1910-10-21
Short Meter Sermons,

They who guard their eyes are likely
to watch their tongues.
Many of US have cause to be thank
full for what we don't get.
My love of God is wrong unless it
makes him more lovely to others.
1t is easy to love truth ardently
when its edge is toward your adver-
sary.
The preacher who would guide to
the ideal life must live in the heart of
our real life.
A man seldom measures his own
faults and those of his neighbor by
the same rule.
The most uncomfortable people in
this world are those who are anxious
only for comfort.
It is good evidence you Rave only
half truth when you think you have
a monopoly OF all.