davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Wenatchee daily world. [volume] (Wenatchee, Wash.) 1905-1971, 1910-10-11
H EAvY INSURANCE
Spokane Man Carries 1925, OOO--
Store the Beneficiary.

Frank r. Culbertson, first vice.
president of the Spokane Chamber
of Commerce, who made a fortune in
mining operations in the Occur d.
Alene district in northern Idaho, has
taken life insurance policy for
100000, naming as the beneficiary
the department store, of which he is
president. He now carries 1925, 900,
of which $125,00O is in endowment
policies. the first maturing next
year Others follow at the rate of
$1,000 and $4,000 every IL months.
The policy, which is the larges.
ever issued in the West under the
head of corporation insurance, is to
protect the company's business
stockholders and creditors in the
event of Mr. Culbertson's death.
Mr.. CulbertsOn. who has the dis
tinction of carrying more life insur-
ance than any other individual in
the Inland Empire, was born al
Ironton, Ohio, in 1858. There he
entered a wholesale grocery house,
remaining until 1882, when he went
to ST. Paul TO engage in business for
himself He came to Spokane in
1885 and was soon attracted to the
Occur d'Alene mining district, where
he successfully managed the Tiger
Poorman mine, in which he and S. S.
Lidjen We're heavily interested. They
opened the prospect at the grass
roots and developed the property to
the 1S00-foOt level, selling the mine
in 1899 to Charles Sweeny, former
president of the Federal Mining e.
Smelling company.
Two years afterward Mr.. gilbert
son went to California, remaining
three years in San Francisco, Los
Angeles and other cities. He re-
turned to Spokanue in 1904 and or
ganized department store, which is
among the largest of it's kind in this
part of the country.
The Wenatchee daily world. [volume] (Wenatchee, Wash.) 1905-1971, 1910-10-11
Opening of Great Power System.

opcHInS OF Gfeat ROVER SyStcDl.
Berlin, Ont, Oct. 11.-After years
of the hardest kind of work, in the
face of almost insurmountable OBJ
stacles. the project of supplying Cam
adam cities with electrical energy
generated at Niagara Falls became
an accomplished fact today. With
ceremonies BETTING the Importance
of the occasion the first hydro-elec-
trio power to be delivered in On
tario by the Hydro-Electric Power
Commission was officially turned on
this afternoon. The ceremony took
place in the Auditorium, which was
handsomely decorated with designs
Illuminated by the peoples power.
Sir James Whitney presided and the
Hon. Adam Beck and other public
men of prominence delivered ad-
dresses
The Wenatchee daily world. [volume] (Wenatchee, Wash.) 1905-1971, 1910-10-11
County Jail Finished This Week

The county jail is expected to be
finished up this weeF by the con-
tractors, and before it's final accept
ance Sheriff Ferguson is very anxious
to get the worst men possible, with
knives, saws and the proper tools, in
order to give them a chance to see
If they can work out of the place.
Sheriff Ferguson is taking great
chances with the Cashmere women
prisoners who are on trial for muir
der, by keeping them in the jury
room, but that seems TO be the only
available place to keep them, on ac-
count of the very poor Jail quarters
at present owned by the county.
The Wenatchee daily world. [volume] (Wenatchee, Wash.) 1905-1971, 1910-10-11
MunicipaI Engineers Meet,

Erie, Pa, Oct. 1.-THE annual
convention of the American Society
OF Municipal Improvements began
here today with many notable dele
gates present. The chief features of
the opening session were an address
of welcome by Mayor Liebel and the
annual address of the president Of
the society, Julian Kendrick, of Bir-
mingham, Ala The sessions will
continue until Saturday. Special at
tention is TO be given in the papers
and discussions TO matters relating
to sanitation, water supply and sew
age disposal
The Wenatchee daily world. [volume] (Wenatchee, Wash.) 1905-1971, 1910-10-11
FAVOR MORE I'M
PROPONENTS
Property Owners on Okano.
gan Ave.Met Last Night
Want Improvement.

At a meeting held last night at
the home of John A. Gellatly, the
property owners of Okanogan ave-
nue. signed up a petition asking for
the Improvement of that street.
The petition will be presented to
the council tonight and it is expected
that that body will begin action at
once toward the grading, curbing
and macadamizing of that thorough
fare.
The work, however, cannot be
done until next spring, owing to the
fact that the necessary legal proceed
ure will require some time.
The sewer work, however, will be
done this winter, as the necessary
red tape connected with that i'm
provement has already been taken
care Of
The Wenatchee daily world. [volume] (Wenatchee, Wash.) 1905-1971, 1910-10-11
Snrained His Hand.

Mike Koran, the apple king, is car
rying his left hand swathed in ban
dageS. It is said that Mr.. Koran
reached up into the branches of one
of his trees after big Winesap. The
apple became lOOsened ana fell from
the branch striking Mr.. Koran
squarely on the hand. with the re-
suit that he suffered quite a severe
sprain. This may not be a true YER
sion of the accident but it is the one
that came to the Daily World office
The Wenatchee daily world. [volume] (Wenatchee, Wash.) 1905-1971, 1910-10-11

county. has removed Charles Phil
lips from the Spokane county jail
for retrial on the charge of MUIR
der.
Phillips IS a one-armed halfbreed
Indian. and is regarded as a bad
man. He was convicted on the
charge of murder, but the supreme
court granted new trial. He had
been in the Spokane Jail for safe
keeping.
The Wenatchee daily world. [volume] (Wenatchee, Wash.) 1905-1971, 1910-10-11
Roosevelt to Address X. of c.


Peoria. ILL.,, Oct. 1.-THE people
of Peoria are making great prepafa-
lions for the reception of ex-Presi,
dent Roosevelt, who is to visit here
tomorrow TO speak at a banquet un-
der the auspices of the knights OF
Columbus. The former President
will be the guest of Archbishop Spal-
ding during his stay in the city
The banquet will take place in the
Coliseum and covers will be laid for
more than 1000 guests. In addition
to Colonel Roosevelt the speakers
will include Bourke Cochran of New
York, Robert Emmett Kane of ST.
Louis and Robert Henry Little OF
Chicago.
The Wenatchee daily world. [volume] (Wenatchee, Wash.) 1905-1971, 1910-10-11
ENTRIES TO CLOSE
NOV. G
Apple Show Rules Fruit En-
tries Must Be Grown on
One Orchard Only.

Official announcement was made
today by Rem H. Rice, secretary and
manager of the National Apple show.
that entries in carload contests for
prizes aggregating $4,000, including
the championship sweepstake of
$1,000, will close in Spokane at II
o'clock noon on November 6. En-
tries in other contests for $4,000
in premiums will be accepted up to
6 o'clock the afternoon of November
8. Professor H. F. Van Deman and
his assistants will begin Judging the
morning of November 14th, with a
view to completing their work on
November 49,
Grown OH One Orchard Alone.
The rule requiring that each eX-
hibit. except district displays, must
be of fruit grown on one orchard
only, is not open to broad cOnstruc-
tion," Mr.. Rice added. 1T means
just what it says. The reason for
insisting that an exhibit shall be
taken from one orchard is to make
the competitions fair. 1t is apparent
that if a grower with small tract
were compelled to compete with an
association or company, which would
pick up boxes here and there, he
would be counted out before the
scoring began.
Each carload exhibit must be
accompanied by a sworn statement
that the apples entered were grown
on one orchard In all other classes
the exhibitor pledges his word of
honor to the same effect when he
signs the entry blank.
There are not restrictions as TO
the number of orchards from which
the fruit was gathered for the dis
trict displays. However, these con-
tests, one for fruit grown on irrigat-
ed land and the other on non-irri-
gated land, cannot be entered by in
dividuals. They are for collective
displays exhibited by commercial
clubs. associations, unions, counties
or Districts
The Wenatchee daily world. [volume] (Wenatchee, Wash.) 1905-1971, 1910-10-11
\. Barry, of Wenatchec, i'm Texas.

Kansas City, Oct. IA. Barry
with the Wenatchee Produce com
pany, Wenatchee. Wash. was here
early this week en- route to Texas
pers of Wenatchee apples.
The Wenatchee daily world. [volume] (Wenatchee, Wash.) 1905-1971, 1910-10-11

A Reliable .Medicine-Not Il Narcotic
Get the genuine FoleNs Honey and
Tar in the yellow package It is
safe and effective. Contains no OPT
ates. Refuse substitutes. Sold by
Wenatchee Drug Co.
The Wenatchee daily world. [volume] (Wenatchee, Wash.) 1905-1971, 1910-10-11

4 union mems grocery store was
opened in the Labor Temple, at Los
Angeles, Calf. recently.
The Wenatchee daily world. [volume] (Wenatchee, Wash.) 1905-1971, 1910-10-11
Congressman Mccall for Another
Term

Somerville, Mass, Oct. 11.-Con-
gresham Samuel W. Mccall was re-
nominated for his tenth term today
by the republican congressional con-
vention of the Eighth district in ses-
sion here.
The Wenatchee daily world. [volume] (Wenatchee, Wash.) 1905-1971, 1910-10-11

Europe is far ahead of the United
States in providing pensions for civi!
employees.
The Wenatchee daily world. [volume] (Wenatchee, Wash.) 1905-1971, 1910-10-11
The Second and Greater Wenatchee
Absolutely Frost-Proof

wnchee quoted the world the
Valley enjoying the and
All looking land Of the We
nath for
The Wenatchee daily world. [volume] (Wenatchee, Wash.) 1905-1971, 1910-10-11
L00kt0the North
The FroSt-Proof
0kanogan

Ten Acres, located quarter of mile from THE
TOWN THAT DOES THINGS" This is fine land
covered with sage brush growth, lies level and will
irrigate nicely. Comes under Government Project
Fenced ON two sides Within few short years will
within the city limits of the town OF Okanogan
Particularly adapted to raising of very high grade
commercial apple. Soil is thoroughly impregnated
with volcanic ash.
Can be bought for 5000 per acre-SoOO cash, bal
ance arranged to suit purchaser. This is something
good, and is well worth Investigating
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1910-12-20
Ss THE STAR EDITORIAL AND MAGAZINE PAGE E=$==$@=$
CARNEGIE AND HUMAN HAPPINESS

Andrew Carnegie has given Slo0o0000 to promote the
OF universal peace, making total OF Slsuuouo winch
he has dedicated the public OF his private fortune
Ii is magnificent But
Does the OF Carnegie the highest service
mauknd Is this man. matter OF fact great promoter
OF human happiness great bencactor2 Let these facts
HE ACQUIRED HIS VAST WEALTH BY THE EX-
PLOITATION OF HUMAN LABOR IN THE STEEL
MILLS OF PITTSBURG.
The average pay OF his workmen was below the Inc oil
subsistence Every attempt of organized labor TO better
the conditions was heartessy crushed The who largely
made Caneges millions in the OF their faces have not
received a fair share OF what they produced -
HIS WEALTH is ALSO DUE TO THE MAlNIk,
NANCE OF A PROHlBITlNE PROTECTIVE IAKlFf oN
THE PRODUCTS OF HIS MILLS.
This tariff has laid needless burden directly or indirectly
the shoulders OF every woman and chd m the Ohea
States To keep there the infamous Penn wanna system oil
corrupt politics invented and maintained IS restoring
sore on the republic. ... ~
10 THE UNJUST ECONOMIC ADVANTAGES OF
JNDERPAID LABOR AND ONERPAlD TARIFF lie
ADDED THE EXACTlONS OF ONE OF LIE
CRUELEST MONOPOL1ES EVER DEVlSED-IHE
STEEL TRUST.
This trust has beaten down competition, obtained control
OF the supply mouopozed the market and charged
any price pleased for supplying the necessities OF the nation
THE MILLIONS CARNEGIE is GIVING FOR THE
PROMOTION OF HUMAN HAPPINESS WERE WRONG
FROM HUMAN MISERY.
win his beneaetions OF blood money buy him an mmor
tay OF gratitude as OF the beneiaeors OF the racer
No not he gives the last penny TO ehise his name on
Libraries hospitals and peace temples
Immortality purchased with the gold coin OF unseilsh
sacrifice not with the Of industrial monopoes And the
ndyng love OF reserved Tor the soldiers OF liberty
not Tor the exploters and oppressors OF mankind
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1910-12-20
OBSERVATIONS

tackled the Pullman rates. and It's safe
bet that they slick the herths do
RAILROAD say "the would really feel the
advance But might hurt their feelings They're
getting OF touchy.
RAscHmgN tha, beef prices win not
Then Of two things must happsh-hshs
vegetariansm
CHICAGO a divorce because hs wife licked him
carpet He's hghshe had no business To use
anything but rolling pin
dat. for The supreme eourt-outsde Seriously
nobody wanted him but the people
SECRETARY DICKINSON demands aeropane feet for the
army OF course he get bound 70 be prepared for
war whether prepared for peace or not
GEO w. PERKINS resigns from Morgan his
whole time labor problem Just
he has finished job will be published In hese col
poor can't qualify for federal incorporation
tax having necessary profit Say that's rough
in these prosperous Let's raise the tariff give sub
sdy something
AN ENGLISH that "A majority Of the
the rough house tactics Of the
suffragees should hope mott II they did. there wouldn't
window scarcely male head left nsmaahed in all
Britain
TWELVE San Francisco placed in the jury box
child by the mother divorced
without leaving the box and without
Having heard the evidence. they
legal technicaues And Judge Graham
lei a that on. the mother got the child
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1910-12-20

tafinm. she couldn't answer I
wouldnt mind being patient In
any aanitarlum. II she was my
nurse.
Il she mari isdT She says not. and
she won't discuss her love affair."
either, I asked her how she liked
being interviewed by an office boy.
and she said abe didn't object NJ all
NEITHER dol
! really meant 10 ask her a whole
lot Of other things but forgot all
about asking them
Wei. interviewing IL luhi the kind
81 work like. Nothing like talking
10 such pretty girls aud finding out
whole lot OF things about her that
you'd like % know
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1910-12-20
nY FREopIg. ouR oFFIcE noY

BY FREDDIE, OUR OFFICE BOY.
Just take Il from me. I'm going
TO put In an application for this
job. interviewing pretty show girls
Mr. Coploy took me TO the Grand
last night 20 see The Time. the
Place and the Girl" and also TO
interview pretty Miss Amanda Hen.
bricks.
Wen. luckily. got to soc tho
first act before seeing the young
lady. 30 ! got chance 20 si4e up
my victim. She was a gentle look
ms GIRL playing the part OF a head
nurse Ia the show, Once or twice
! really began 10 gct nervous. and
as the curtain rang down / was
shaking pretty badly.
Well. then ! went back on tho
stage and looked for the nurse. and
We found hor In her dressing room.
We both took a scat. and then I
started.
The first question was how did
she like the staEeg She said The
stage life Is the one for me. and I
find my work most pleasant
Ever Homcalckf Yea
The next was. did she ever get
h0mealekf She told mo that she
always gets homeaick around
Christmas. although she always has
a pleasant Christmas wherever she
Vs. There's no place like home
Christmas day." she said
! vas now sizing up the throw.
able articles. az The Question now
was 70 be sprung The only handy
missiles were cold cream and the
contents OF makeup bon Well.
| decided 10 ask her the question
How old are you, Miss Hen-
dricksf"
OF course. got a. near finding
out as any other person finding out
woman's age just take n from
me. that's the only secret a woman
can keep. She told mo to guess. I
did. bat Il was TO myself Here's
my guess. and rs copyrighted
Twenty four years. . monthH and
days. and III bet anybody an ice.
cream cone that I haven't missed
L by over five days.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1910-12-20
TALKS ON TEETH
By the Regal Dentists
Most Dentists Common Tooth
PuIIerS

Dentists are continually caution
ing the public to save their teeth.
which they wish 10 have the oppor.
tunity Of filling or browning OF
course. there ls little else TO DO
with a decayed tooth but 20 nm g..
but these same dentists who i'm.
plore You to save your teeth viii
pull good teeth without a tromor
simply because they are loose from
n disease wish 90 reiterato that
thore Is no need 81 extracting or
losing any tooth simply because IL
rs loose We have n device and
remedy bv which we can fnaten
loose teeth and make them forever
solid This ls part Of the system
we have origNated Now. with re-.
gard 10 diacRscs of the gums. IN
which dentists are so pathotically
helpless. In tho course OF the
years we have spent I'm developing
our System Of dentistry we also
found something that VIII stop pus
forming in the gums. that will pre-
vent the gums from recedlng and
thus either protrudlng the teeth or
forcing them out altogether. We
can give the gums practically new
life, making them ruddy and
healthy and natural We do dental
work IN all its branches from the
simple piece OF filling to the com.
plicatcd and scientific our Method
Teeth. You will find that we are
reasonable in all our charges. We
give a written guarantee with all
work.
REGAL DENTAL OFFICES,
1905 3rd Ave-, NJ w. Cor. Union.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1910-12-20

Next she told mo she has played
SIX seasons. Two years ago she
cama 90 Seattle in James J. Cor.
belts play. Facing the Music
Born in Minneapolis.
She told me she was born Ia Min
neapolis. MINI ! asked her II she
got her parents consent 70 so on
the stage. She replied. yes.
John Copley kept butting ~ All
the time / asked him once who
was doing the interviewing, bat be
forgot % answer.
when asked her how shs sould
like TO be head nurse az real sani-
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1910-12-20

Cong Puffpaunch. visiting rural
friends. was DESTROYS Of proving 10
them that he also was barnyard
bred
Coming 10 where the dogs had
freed a rabbit ia a hollow log by
the wayelde. be cut a forkcd switch
and remarked 10 the admiriug
throug. IN show you how we used
20 twist EN- out when l was a boy
down on the farm"
Then he inserted the fork In the
bollow and began 10 twist fren-
ziediy
II IL remarkable how Rkunks
when pursued BY dogs sometimes
ran into rabbit holes.
fTHE END)
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1910-12-20
"LET EUROPE DO 1T"

European countries 20 take part OF
that s5OO00O o0 Chinese loan off her hands
nuanciers haven't the money
and Germany maintain large
standing armies time down upon
her houses Also De
the fellow who totes the gun
shows rising inclination collect It's bills
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1910-12-20
NOT THE GIFT BUT THE GIVER

Not what We give. what share for the gift without
the yer Is bare: gives himself with his aims feeds three
himself his hungcrng neghho Me- the Christ spirit In
the words OF Russell Low ell
Consider not gift but the love Of the sver
SAYS A. kemps
Presents endear absensF Odds Charles Lamb
only 8 a portion Of myself says Emerson
his the shepherd his lamb the
farmer corn miner painter his picture: the gr
a handkerchief of her sewing
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1910-12-20

The editor % the WRhoo Express
had editorialiy called the edi-
tor of the Bumyille Herald an un-
mitigafed liar The editor OF the
Herald replied by calling the editor
81 the Express a skunk and a libel
upon humanity. Then they hap
pened 20 meet on the street The
crowd watched breathlessly.
"H0wdyf"
why. how do you do7"
They shook hands
"How'H business
Zine Just got an order for a
thousand letter headf. bat only have
20 in stock. Got any you can
spare p
Sure Mike. come up 10 the office
and III wrap EN- up for you"
"Ghucksi" said the crowd.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1910-12-20

a substitute 10 a dangerous makouhift.
especially IN medicine Tho genuine
Fuleya Honey aud Tar cures coughs and
ealda quickly. uud De- iu "a pcllnw package.
Accept no substitutes uurtrlt Drug
Stores Quaker Drug co
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1910-12-20
Freddie, Our Office Boy! He Takes to the Show
Girl Interview Like Duck Takes to Water

He Finds Out a Lot of Nice
Things About Amanda Hen
bricks But Commits an
Awful Faw- Paw-He Asks
Her How Old She Is.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1910-12-20
.STROLLERS' COLUMN

A new sort Of n mouse trap Was
invented the other night BY news
boy In newspaper office. Tying
a string about the neck Of a milk
bottle no laid the bottle on It's
side In the room where the mice
were. Then he put piece OF
cheese In the bottle aud went into
an adjoining room After half an
hours walt mouHe entered the
bottle. The boy pulled the string.
which was run over the top OF a
chair The bottle assembled and
the mouse was caught In the
meantime a LOT Of copy waited 10
be sent 10 the composing room
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1910-12-20

How'd you Ike 10 be as ANA, :.
some people think they aref "
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1910-12-20

There ~ money in a gnIa :,
you don't believe Il. smile anybo. =
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1910-12-20

by inclosIng one asbesso.
within another with an ain 49,. pa
between, a French lnveplo, - ~
brought out nreproof jewet h.. ~
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1910-12-20

Holly IL widely spread a..
the world. and there are owe, ~ ~
varieties u appears both :,
shrub and as a tree. In Am.,ss. .
- found chiefly IN swamps M n
was first used at winter festi,s ~ Y
the ancient pagans. and ths -
Christians adopted the custom, M y.
name 70 believed 70 have been 4
rived from holy" 70
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1910-12-20


while shopping with my wife
The other day ! saw a boy whose
job wouldn't have for a bank
presidents salary" said the city
nlcHmHn. "Cramped quarters had
driven us into buying n folding bed
The kinks had been let out Of
several beds before We saw one
whose style Of architecture ap
poalod 20 my wife. When she said
finally. ~ this bed safer the clerk
called. Come here. Willie. 10 q
youth Of about 10 who bad stood
looking on A mattress had been
placed on the bed With one bound
While landed right ia the middle
81 that mattress and began 10 gam.
Dol about with astonishing exuber.
ance
"The clerk explained Willie'R nc.
tivlty BY saying that they gave that
exhibition TO every purchaser Of
folding bed 10 show that there WAS
no danger Of being shut up ia a
premature tomb Every folding
bed that goes out Of that store Is
first tested by While Only once
hhs bed collapsed with Willie IN
It's depths wiliie's neck was saved
and the bed sent TO the junk
heap"
lie was one Of those abrupt. bus.
lneHalike men lie entered the
hoo,blacking place and sat down
Ia the chair Then he got a Knife
out OF hiH pocket. and before the
boy could say anything he ran the
opened blade IN under the crossed
lRces on both shoes
That done, he sat back with the
manner Of one Who never hesitates
about an affair. no matter how
weighty. and said. Now. boy. a
shine and new pair OF shoe
lhcca"
The boy looked about helplegsly,
vent over 20 consult the other shoe
sinner. and then came back 20 re-
port Sorry. sir. bat we haven't
a pair OF shoe faces Ia the place. =
II took nearly Is minutes for the
abrupt and hustling person to
knot up the ends Of the laocs so be
could get out TO buy a pair else.
where.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1910-12-20

Human nature IL fun a. fsg,,.
and you are human.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1910-12-20

Electrocution az a humane 49,.
u slaughtering cattle IL belng ~. ~
In France. "''s
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1910-12-20

There are a number Of Inreu,ov,
devices 70 prevent xIndows from
rattling. but none viii help Tar
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1910-12-20

"Iiows your wife getting alan,
With her Christmas shoppingY'
Pine She's got me down IA ~
last s. bin"
What did she get for your"
"a dining room rug"
What are you going to ge, sv
herr"
= think III get her a shotgun .ss
smoking Jacket"
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1910-12-20
OET TIIK GENUINE AIWAYa.

REGAL DENTAL OFFICES,
t405 3rd Ave-, N. w. Cor. Union