The Lamar register. [volume] (Lamar, Colo.) 1889-1952, 1910-09-07
LABOR DAY ADDRESS IS
MADE BY COL. ROOSEVELT
Speaking at Fargo, He Discusses the Problems
of Trades Unionism and the Great Need
of Proper Legislation for the Wage
Garner.

Fargo, N. D., Sept. b.-Ex-Presiden
Roosevelt, who arrived here last even
ing and spent the night here. was the
chief speaker today at the Labor Day
exercises. He was listened to with
interest and respect by a great crowd,
and his utterances frequently ELECTED
hearty applause. In his address he
said:
Today-on Labor Day-I speak in one
sense especially to those personally and
vitality interested in the labor struggle:
and yet speak of this primarily as one
aspect of the larger social struggle grow
Ing out of the attempts to readJust social
conditions and make them more equitable.
The nineteenth century distinctly
one of economic triumphs-triumphs in
the domain of production. including trans
portation and the mechanics of exchange.
The marvellous progress made in these
respects multiplied mans productive
power to an almost inconceivable degree.
In the matter of the production of wealth.
a. much progress was made during the
nineteenth century as during all previous
periods since history dawned; that is, the
changes brought in q single century
through machinery and steam have been
greater than the sum total of the changes
of the preceding thousands of years. and
these very changes and this material
progress have thrust upon social and
political problems Of the hrst magnitude.
The triumph of the physical sciences in
the nineteenth century represented prog
ress primarily In the material elements of
civilization The most pressing problems
that confront the present century are not
concerned with the material production
Of wealth. but with its distribution. The
demands of progress now deal not 80
much with the material As with the
moral and ethical factors of civilization.
Our basic problem IL to see that the mar
velousiy augmented powers of production
beQueathed to US by the nineteenth CEN
fury shall In the twentieth be made to ad
minister to the needs of the many rather
than be exploited for the profit of the few.
The American wage-earner faces this
larger social problem In dual capacity:
FIRST. as q citizen of the Republic charged
with the full duty of citizenship: and next
a. . wage-earner-as wage-worker-
who, together with his fellow-workers. is
vitality concerned in the question of wages
and general conditions of employment.
which affect not only his wen-beins and
that of his wife and children. but the
opportunities of all workers for higher
development.
Must Depend on Our Own Efforts.
It II true of wage workers. as of all
other citizens. that most of their progress
must depend upon their own Initiative
and their own efforts. Nevertheless. there
are three different factors In this prog
ress. There Is. frst the share which the
mans own individual qualities must de-
termfne.
all for nothing can supply the place OF
individual capacity. Yet there are two
other factors also of prime Importance:
namely. what can be done by the wage
workers in cooperation with one another;
and what can be done by government
that is. by the instrument through which
all the people work collectively. wages
and other most important conditions OF
employment must remain largely outside
of government CONTROL must be LETT Tor
nd ttrt nv free between
ployers and wage-earners. But to attempt
to leave this merely to Individual action
means the absolute destruction OF indivi-
duaIism: for where the individual II so
weak that he. perforce. has to accept
whatever q strongly organized body
chooses to give him. his individual liberty
becomes a mere sham and mockery. II
is trdispensably necessary. in order to
preserve to the largest degree our sys-
tenn of individualism. that there should
be effective and organized collective ac-
tion. The wage-earners must act joint
iy through the process Of collective bar
gaining in great Industrial enterprises.
Only thus can they be put upon n plane
of economic equality with their corporate
employers Only thus Is freedom OF con-
tract made real thing and not mere
legal fiction. There are occasional occu-
pations where this is not necessary: but.
speaking broadly. II is necessary through
out the great world of Organized Indus
try I believe this practise OF collective
bargaining. effective oniN through huch
organizations the trades unions. TO
have been one 90 the most potent factors
in the past century in promoting the
progress of the wage-enrners and In Sc
curing larger social progress for human
fty I believe in the principle of organ
szed labor and in the practise Of collec-
tive bargaining. not merely as desir-
able thing for the wage-earners. but as
something which has been demonstrated
TO he essential in the long run TO ther
permanent progress.
This does not mean that I uneduivo-
caIiy indorse any or all prsctises that
labor organizations may happen to adopt
or any or all principles that they may
choose to enunciate. Labor organizations
have the weaknesses and defects common
TO all other forms Of human organiza-
tons. Sometimes they act very We'll ana
sometimes they act very badly; ana !
nm fdr them when they act well. and 1
am against them when they act badly.
believe that their existence Is necessity;
believe that their Minis and purposes are
generally good; and I believe that all OF
them have occasionally made mistakes
and that some of them have been guilty
of wrong -doine. Just in so Tar as they
are strong and effective they tempt de-
signing men who seek to control them
for their own interests. and stimulate the
desire. of ambitious leaders who may be
clever crooked men. or who may be nom
est but visionary and foolish. In other
words in treating of labor unions. as In
generally. we will do well to remember
Abraham Iincoln's saying that there Is
a deal of human nature in mankind
Whether in a man or in an organized
body of men. the power to do good means
that such power may be twisted into evii'
and in proportion the power grows, so
It becomes steadily more important that
1t should be handled Alright. Just In pro-
portion as in its proper function power
is important to social progress. so In It's
improper function II becomes fraught with
social Disaster.
Wise Course For Original Labor.
Outside critics should appreciate the
necessity of organized labor. and under
stand and sympathize with what is good
in 1t, instead of condemnins II indiscrim-
inately. On the other hand. those within
its ranks should fearlessiy analyze the
criticisms directed against II and ruthless
Iy eliminate from the practises of Its or
genization those things which justify such
criticism and attack. This Is the path.
not only of right. but OF wisdom and
safety. Public opinion in the United
States is daily becoming more alert ana
more Intelligent and more forceful' ana
Troublesome Times.