The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1910-02-04
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,n+o,,,o, ,ouoo learning and recall can be most ad
vantageously filed then the arrangement OF me
program of studies can be worked out on psyenoo
ica basis and not on the more or less n"pnaA"'u "'
which seems to be the present plan
Among other problems in this field OF applied psy
choogy which the department has undertaken or pro
poses to carry out In the near 1u'ure h'S oe 'o0
the following: .
l. What are some of the most advantageous condi
tons of learning to spell correctly?
In learning, is it better to give all or the time
study subject matter to be learned or is 1t bet
ter devote portion of the time In the attempt &c
recall material that has already been mastered!
g. Is it better in learning, to attempt to memorlze
the material by commencing at the beginning and run
ming through to the end consecuvey and by repeating
this process until the whole has been mastered or is ii
better to learn part then another part and so on
T. What methed of presentation is more advanta
geous in learning? BY this Is meant speclhcay, IS
better present the child material to learn orally
usually, and is it better to present the material stimuli
taneously successively-that is, should the whole
thing that he is to learn be given at once or he to
study part and then the next and so on?
In considering the first of these problems it may be
said that Illinois clearly point the fact that
the method of teaching children to spell by giving the
word whole and not breaking it into syllables
is not the psychological method and that the old method
of syabcaon with it's obvious faults had dis
tnct advantages over of the extreme methods of
today
Apropos the second problem it is clearly established
by experiments at Illinois that there is great advantage
in not spending the entire period of learning study
ing the material presented but that is of great
advantage to spend part of this time in attempting to
recall what has been shown. Train the pupil to look
at the page that he is trying to memorze for period
and then to turn his gaze away and in his eye
recall the printed matter.
1t is generally held by investigators that the best
method of memorizng is to learn the material by COM
mencng at the beginning and running through the whole
process to the end The Illinois experiments brought
out this fact that in such consecutive learning there
certain parts that mastered quickly
and that it is advantageous first go whole
material consecutvely until the easily acquired
material is mastered and then to spend time in
learning those parts that difficult and finally
relearn the whole consecutive!y.
Now, in attempting to the fourth question:
experiments have been carried Illinois which show
rather clearly that the most advantageous way pre-
sent material to little children is usually and
sion. The for this in part at least because
successive presentation better attention than
simultaneous presentation and that the word
especially II it is difficult be better comprehended
than if it is merely heard.
The foregoing account gives statement of some On
the typical and important experimental investiga
tons in in the psychological laboratory
the University of Illinois AS has already been said the
main emphasis is being placed upon the psychology
learning specifically technique and economy in
scope is given for the theoretical aspects of the sub
ject that the field in general way may be covered
that those who wish to obtain higher degrees in the
subject find ample opportunity for in the
direction which interests them most