The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1910-07-25
FOUR WASHINGTON LETTERS
An Impartial Review of Dongs at Our Seat of Government

wrongdoing or impotence, to the ex- ercises of an international police pow er"
 It may be for President Taft, in dealing with the Nicaraguan situation to formulate still another phase of the Monroe doctrine which has not yet to come into view in the diplo- matic experiences of the United States
 Although President Monroe's name is attached to the doctrine, the prin- ciple underlying it goes further back, even to the beginning of the United States. Washington, in his farewell address. declared that the policy of the United States was to avoid en- tangling alliances with European pow CTS. The Republican form of govern ment was, in contradistinction to the monarchical form prevailing in Eu- had fought and to which they were passionately attached. Anything threatening that ideal was to be look ed upon as a foe.
 When, therefore the Holy Alliance was formed of the foremost European powers, with the exception of Great Britain, the fledgling republic held aloof with some suspicion of it's pur- poses, and when the alliance threaten ed to support Spain in maintaining it's grasp upon it's American colonies, which were fast slipping through her
 fingers the occasion for the declaration of the Monroe doctrine first arose though the sentiment underlying it had developed long before.
 With that declaration the effort of Europe to dominate the world was curtailed The United States took it's place as a world power and the Amer ican ideal of government, as distin- guished from that of Europe, assumed it's sphere of control.
 cys,, -IH 1f<11rC nh iy, evitably will take place in the Orient when China rises to assert her indiv duality The world will then be dom mated by those spheres of diplomatic influence-European, the American and far eastern. The last undoubted- ly being under the guidance of China and Japan. The Monroe doctrine is the political gospel of the Western hemisphere That of the Far Eastern is yet to be enunciated.
 The digging of the Panama Canal has reversed the condition regarding labor which confronted the United States at the outset of the big task. No longer according to the reports from the Isthmus is it necessary to send agents abroad to contract for labor. Despite the great number needed for the work voluntary immi- grafton from Greece, Italy, Spain, Costa Rica, Cuba, Colombia, and Ven ezuela now is sufficient to supply all demand for the big force.
 The volume of immigration in the case of the European laborers has in- creased nearly 1000 per cent, and in the case of the West Indians, over 50 per cent as compared with the first six months of 1909.
 foreign port brings an additional lot of laborers, and within the past few months immigration among the Greeks and Italians has been steadily increasing. AS near as can be esti- mated about 50 per cent of the steer age passengers from Europe at the present time are Spaniards, while the remaining 50 per cent is more or less equally divided between Greek and Italians.
 Formerly the stowaway class consti- tuted quite a factor in the immigra- tion movement and there is case on record where a vessel arrived at Co., Ion with 2SS stowaways on board in cluding a number of women. At that time Iaborers were in demand on the canal works, and under the agree ment with the Republic of Panama re- specting the importation of labor, the stowaways were allowed to land with out the requisite amount of cash, and a large number of them went to work on the canal For some time past, however, stowaways have been return ed to the countries from which they embarked, which has discouraged the practice to a great extent, and caused steamship officials to be more alert. l Stowaways have been especially num- erous on the islands of Barbados, stealing on deck unseen, or going on i board on some fictitious errand and hiding themselves as the opportunity offered while the vessel lay at an- chor on cargo.
 With the present surplusage of Flu ropean labor on the Isthmus the Com mission has been compelled to hold to the rule of filling vacancies in the la bor ranks from the contract men, ! whenever contact men are without work
 Old age pensions in foreign coun- tries have been the subject Of lnves- tigation by Congressman Frederick Lundin, Ppn., Ills.). He finds that they have proved successful and he IS hopeful that some such provision for the care of the aged may be made Tn the United States.
 Germany was the pioneer in the movement" he says, with law pass ed in 1889; amended in 1891 and per