Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-09-04

accept peace not In vain fsar. Sseh hs
name OF science
telegram from signor Lussati. president
or the council OF ministers OF Itafys
which caused Q profound sensation:
will you. ilustrious professor en0
dear friend. carry TO Stockholm my most
sincere wishes for the success of the
fecund work OF the congress. ! say also
with the evangelist: Happy the man OF
peace. to whom belongs not only the
kingdom OF heaven. but also that OF the
earth desire In turn that this excess
OF armament TO which we are driven.
which causes . drain on finance ana
prejudices civilization. may cease by the
consent OF all"
The FIRST subject reported 70 the con.
gress was q proposition In the form OF
petition by the American delegate. Miss
Eckstein. 20 which H0oo.0o0 signatures
had been attached. II proposed that the
signatory powers do things that were
manifestly impossible. NJ Aiiegrst. the
chairman OF the commission. and con-
gress could not recommend the PROPOSE
ticn In Its form: II should be rewritten.
The congress- could not ignore" he said.
the painful situation OF certain people
and could not fail 10 take note OF their
desire for Justice and liberty"
DR.. Richet discussed a proposition nv
NJ Boegiano. who proposed . universal
plebiscite for or against disarmament.
by means OF an automatic machine such
as that employed four years ago at the
exposition at Milan. In order tn render
his proposition. practical NJ Boggiano had
organized an important international So
cietv with a capital OF sl0ono. having At
It's head such men az Rodin and Anatoie
France.
This referendum, Il was proposed, 10 20
be undertaken in February. 1911. In all
the capitals Of the world and will last
one week. Everybody may vote who
purchases an artistic stamp OF the value
of cents NJ Richet asked the congress
ycfn hnA
three great advantages:
1. The creation OF q popular interest
2 The affirmation that the people cp-
posed the maintenance Of the actual mill
g. The sale OF stamps would procure
benefits for peace societies.
M. Fried opposed the project The
great mass OF the people were with the
pacifists. II this refer
MilitaristS' endum were attempted
n-.;x;. the stockholders OF the
SPfO0 cannon and dreadnought
arsenaIs would use every effort TO secure
majority. NJ. Fried. approved by NJ
Moch. proposed the discussion OF more
serious questions. The congress adopted
resolution of sympathy for the inten-
tons Of the author. but leaving TO NJ
Boggiano the entire responsibility Of his
unique referendum.
In the succeeding congress NJ. Arnaud.
vice president OF the bureau OF fnterna-
tional peace. presented his public inter
national code" printed and bound The
orator recalled that from the time when
pacifist organizations were established
that is. from 1S67-the principle OF or
ganizins Justice between nations was
the task assumed by the universal peace
congresses The congress OF Rome no.
tably declared that the relations be-
tween nations should Re the same an be-
tween individuals. Justice should prevail.
force never. that the autonomy OF nations
was inviofable and that a people had the
imprescriptibIe right to dispose OF itself
as II wished. a principle expressed by
Kant IN 17a5. Since then the question has
made progress. At Anvers in 1894 Sena-
tor Ia Fontaine presented code OF arbi-
tration. At Budapest IN 1898 the same
question was raised. The second con-
ference OF The Hague was exclusively oc.
cupied with laws Of war. II was neces-
sary that the third Hague conference
should occupy itself with the laws Of
peace.
The congress appointed q special com
mission 70 examine the text OF the code
presented by NJ. Arnaud which would be
submitted to governments a. one Of the
basis Of the works Of the preparatory
commissions OF the third conference %
The celebrated German professor, ost-
wafd laureate OF the Nobel prize for
chemistry. delivered q remarkable dis
course. which merits . brief resume. the
more 80 as showing the difference between
the intellectual German mind and that Of
the official class
Prof. Ostwald declared that n We ana
lyzed the idea OF civilization in its general
sense. II would be seen that civilization
consisted In the conquest OF the energies
OF nature by men and their employment
for human purpose Consequently. every
thing which augmented the quantity OF
natural energy employed IN human work
Is in accord with civilization: anything
that diminished that energy Is contrary 20
civilization.
-
From that point OF view II resulted that
war-which neither augments the guam
tity nor the use OF nat
Enemy urai energies placed at the
80 service OF MANS the
Va @non' enemy OF civilization. Wars
OF piilage indicate an inferior civiliza-
ton. for the sum OF energies already COL