davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-09-01
VALLEY Of THE DON
Famous Wheat Field Section
! Owned by the Cossacks.
CAPITAL AT RIVER MOUTH
stov-on-the-D Don Classed With
Greatest Grain-Shipping Ports.
r.
HEAD OF THE SEA OF AZ0F
Peasants Honest and Industrious,
Farmers Contented, Troopers
Ever Ready for Action.
HEAD OF THE SEA OF AZ0F
BY WILLIAM r. CURTIS.

By WILLIAM r. CURTIS.
specisI Correspondence OF The Star and the
: Chicago Record Herald.
RoSTOv-ON-TH E-DoN. Russia.
July 81. 1910
INSTRUMENTATION, the capital Of the
Cossacks. is a live city, with an enterpris-
ing and prosperous population of 10000
Or more; wide streets, nne business blocks.
handsome homes. attractive parks. splen-
aid churches, and all the modern improve
ments II is one OF the greatest grain
shipping ports in the world, being favor
ably situated al the mouth OF the River
Don. and a. the head of the Sea OF Azof,
but the last named body of water Is so
shallow that most of the grain barges
thu, come down the river are towed on TO
Taganrog. the next port. about thirty
miles below, where there Is enough water
TO accommodate a ., J0O-ton steamer. The
channel at Rostov Is only twelve Feet In
depth.
The Sea OF Azof Is very shallow over its
entire area, and has fat. sandy shores,
which slope so gently that bather can
wade two or three miles into the water
without wetting his ears. The Russian
government has promised 10 oneose
5eener channel and probably will do so
one of these days.
THE valley Of the Don II a famous wheat
field. stretching back for a hundred miles
ar more on both sides of its banks and
producing large crops. The land Is mostly
nuned IN the Cossacks- They are very
oyorresslye and seek the most emcient
means OF multiplying their labor. Hence,
Rostov has an enormous trade IN dsri-
cultural machinery and implements
Americans Seeking Trade.
Several American companies have agen-
cfes here. The International Harvester
company has a large showroom and a
corps OF statesmen with Mr.. II. w. Tim
norman as manager. The J. !. Case
Company OF Racine. Wis. also has an ex
tensiye salesroom and star. and Oelrichs
g 90. of New York maintains an ofncs
for buying woods. hides and other prod
nee An charge OF John Martin.
THE valley OF the Don 10 owned by the
coxsacks The entire province belongs
10 the tribe collectively and In allotted III
narcels OF various sizes TO the different
families who occupy and cultivate II gen
rration after generation, although the
title remains in the tribe. The nsheries
In the river and the Sea OF Azof, ths
timber on the slopes of the mountatns
and everything else In the way or rea
property belongs TO the tribe In common
Some Of the Cossacks have individual
wealth. not one is poor. Those who save
money and let IL accumulate by fortunate
Investments, however, are comparativel,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-09-01
State Within a State.

Although they consider themselves the
most essential part of the Russian EN-
pire, the Cossacks have always insisted
upon maintaining their independence and
are actually a state within a state. They
were always wild and irresponsible and
made guerrilla raids upon the adjoining
provinces. In ITO they supported pre-
tender TO the Russian throne, who gave
himself the title of Peter Ill His fol-
lowers ravaged the valley OF the Volga
and threatened Moscow, but i'm 1115 were
beaten in battle with terrible loss. Pugat-
chef, the pretender, was captured and
executed.
After a time the Cossacks were granted
amnesty and made a treaty with the
government of Catherine III. under which
they were given vast tract of land on
both sides Of the River Don and were
made practically Independent. In return
for these privileges they agreed to fur
nish the car a certain number of soldiers
for his army without pay. That Is the
reason that the Cossacks, the most i'm
portant corps I'm the Russian service. re-
ceive no compensation or rations or other
supplies. They provide their own horses
and uniforms. their own guns and am
munition, their own camp equipage. and
receive no money whatever from the pub
lie treasury.
Every Cossack is a soldier for life, sub
ject to instant orders. and always keeps
a horse saddled and a rife loaded ready
for service. A certain number are always
in the army. Every Cossack is expected
TO serve fifteen years consecutively and
be ready to answer every call that Is
made. The only exemption Is made In
favor of the sons of dependent mothers.
breadwinners of families dependent upon
them. fathers who already have three
sons In the service, priests and teachers
and one out of four brothers.
A rich Cossack can hire substitute II
he pleases, and many OF them do so.
Mostly "old Believers"
Although the Cossacks are Tartars ant
come from Mohammedan stock, most o.
| them belong TO what is known as thu
"Old Believers" a sect of the Russian
Greek Church. which condemns the spleD
dor and extravaganza displayed In th'
houses OF worship. the ritual and in the
ceremonies of the church and advocates |
return TO the simple forms Of worship
practiced by the Savior and His disciples
A small number OF the Cossacks still re
main Mohammedans.
The Cossacks buy q great deal of ma
| chinery and farm implements, mostl.
Russian plows. American harvesters. ha,
rakes, spreaders. etc, and Engiisl
/ threshing machines.
| The beautiful black horses which tn,
Cossacks ride and which are admired b.
| every one who visits Russia come chien,
from the province OF Tambof. southeas
! Of Moscow, northeast OF Odessa. north
west OF Rostov and adjoining the Cossacl
province. This stock was introduced from
| Arabia by Prince Orion. the famous IA
vorite OF the Empress Catherine III. an
was scattered by him among the stool
growers in different parts OF Europea'
| Russia.
TambofY became the center OF the breed
ing business, because conditions are mos
/ favorable there. II may be called tn
Kentucky of Russia Nearly all tn
farmers have breeding studs. There ar
several estates with thousands Of mare
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-09-01

The Maryland Electric is not bound
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1910-12-23

Here's useful, we'll made piece of furniture that
will make the incest kind of gift, asplendid in
vestment for your own home.
Look where you will, you'll not find better and
honestly constructed couch anywhere at less
than S14 00-the covering is of excellent wearing i'm
taton leather; splendidly upholstered in the small
tufts; golden oak finished frame.
couch that will give years of good service and
rest to the Specially priced for the last dav
Christmas buyer at, each $3.50
IF its something other than, q couch yoM aOish
don't forget that here as to be found the largest and
most comprehensive line all classes of Reliably Built
Furniture to be found IN Topeka. You aUiU be aOeU
repaid for the time you take IN telsreLy stroltsqg
through spacious furniture display floors.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1910-12-23

Mr. and Mrs. " E. Johnson and
daughter Bonnie and son Beryl left to-
day for Wichita, Kan, where they Will
spend the holidays the guests OF Mr..
Alva Johnson and family and Mrs.
Latta.
Mr.. and Mrs Thomas Miller are
SPENDING a few days in Big Springs.
Kan, visiting relatives and friends.
Mr.. Everett Morford spent Wednes-
day in Hoyt, Kan, on business trip:
Mr.. James Wilson of Kansas City IS
here spending a few days with his
parents Mr.. and Mrs. Richard Wilson,
on Western avenue.
Mr.. and Mrs Frank Thomas of
Eureka are here, spending several days
visiting relatives and friends.
Mrs E. B. Taylor is improving after
being sick two weeks with an attack
of erysipelas.
Mr.. and Mrs Martin Thomas and Mr..
and Mrs. Fred Harrison will be guests
Of Mr.. and Mrs. S. Simpson in EmporIa
on Christmas day.
Mr.. David earle of K S. A. c. will
spend the holidays with his parents.
Mr. and Mrs. Matthew earle, of Locust
street.
Miss Frances Taylor, who attends the
Emporial Normal. has come to Topeka
to spend the holidays with her father
at 200 Adams street.
Miss Josephine Beck is improving
after being i'll several days with an at
tack of the grip.
-iss Florence Nichols left yesterday
for Chicago to spend the holidays the
guest of her uncle and aunt, Mr.. and
Mrs Carl Klemps.
Miss Ona Stewart has returned to her
home in st. joseph. Mo-. after being
called here bv the illness of her sister.
Mrs. Frank Riley. of East Third street.
who is at present much improved.
Mrs. E. B. Thomas left Yesterday for
n Er71nnrid after SnPn6in0
several days here on a business trip.
Mrs. Grant Moss spent Thursday
with friends in Lecompton.
Mr.. and Mrs. Albert Rogers have re-
turned to their home in Springfield.
Mo-. after having spent two weeks with
home from Los Angeles Cal, where
thew have spent the past six months
f, r the benefit of Mr.. Rogers health.
which is at present greatly improved.
Miss Mona Clark of Enid. Okla, will
come here Saturday to spend two weeks
the guest of her sister. Mrs. Joseph
Barnett. of Madison street.
Mrs. Helen Heberer. of Clovis. N. NJ.
is here visiting Mrs. Reba Laird of 312
Branner street.
Mr.. and Mrs. Oscar Lane of Wichita
will come here to spend several days
the guests of friends. On Christmas
day thew will be guests of Rev. and
Mrs. NJ. Johnson.
Mr.. Guv Brown of Lawrence will
spend Christmas in topeka the guest
of his cousin, Andrew Brown, of North
Locust street.
Mrs Emma Taylor has returned to
her home in Great Bend, Kan, after
her sister. Mrs. Clara Mitchell.
Mrs Frank Poison of Chicago will
come here to spend Christmas the guest
Of relatives and friends.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1910-12-23


Mr.. and Mrs John Dressler and
family left today for Westphalia, Kan,
where they will spend Christmas as
guests of her parents.
The revival meetings which have
been in progress at the Christian
church for the past several weeks,
closed Wednesday evening. Twenty
church during this time Rev. Scholes,
pastor of the church, was in charge of
the meetings, which were pronounced
a success.
Mr.. C. F. Ensign and family of Kan
sas City will come here to spend
Christmas With his parents. Dr. and
Mrs. Ensign, of Forest avenue
Mrs. Alvin Stone of Vinita. Ok, ar
rived here Tuesday to spend the holi-
days the guest of her parents, Mr. and
Mrs John Smelser, of Oakland avenue.
Mr.. and Mrs. VIM. Swan of Airing
ton, Kan, are here spending a few
days the guests of Mr.. and Mrs Roy
Spearwell
N. M, is expected to arrive here Sat
urday to spend the holidays the guest
of Mr. and Mrs. A. Wilson.
Mrs. Paul Pease has gone to Chi
cago, where she will spend Christmas
the guest of her parents, Mr.. and Mrs.
Dardius Kelley.
Mrs. Chester Barnes is improving,
after being sick several weeks with an
attack of rheumatism.
Mr. and Mrs. ] E. Fleishman and
Mr.. and Mrs. ]. NJ. Painter of Kansas
City will spend Christmas here the
guests of Mr. and Mrs. Painter, on
Kellam avenue.
Mr. and Mrs. n. B. Peckenbaugh
of Forest avenue will entertain at a
family dinner at their home on Christ
mas day.
Samuel Maxwell left yesterday for
his home in Oklahoma after making
an extended visit here, the guest OF
relatives and friends.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1910-12-23
SEEK LONG TAILED HOGS
Agricultural College Is Buying All 1t
Can Find.

An agent of the Kansas State Agr-
cultural college is standing in the stock
pens of the Kansas City stock yards to-
day buying all the hogs with extra long
tails that appear for sale. The longer
the tail the more money the agent will
pay for the hog if necessary to get him.
The fact that the hog is fat or lean or
well bred or razor back does not
make so much difference as does the
length of his tail. The college wants
these long-tailed hogs to use for the
manufacture of serum to prevent AMI
cure hog cholera.
President Waters of the agricultural
college is in Topeka today in conference
With Governor Stubs and he an
nounced that the serum plant would
double its CAPACITY at once. The neces-
sary steps have already been taken to
carry out this plan and in three weeks
from today the output of the plant will
be twice the amount that is now pro-
duced. This decision was taken follow
ing a phone message to the college from
Governor Stubbs regarding the
great demand for serum and thu
prevalence of cholera in the state at
this time. The college had no money
on hand to use to double the output Of
its serum plant. but on recommended
ton of the governor the president de-
cided to di--ert the funds from other
departments 10 LTle serum plant, trust
ing the legislature to reimburse the
other funds.
The agent sent to Kansas Cftv after
long-tailed hogs has instructions to
buy a carload of them as soon as pos
sibIe. I'VE viii double our OUTPUT of
serum at once" said President Waters.
land the additional supply will be
available in three weeks. IF that is nor
enough to meet the demand then we
will double it again, in three weeks
more"
The reason the college wants long
tailed hoes in preference to any other
kind is because the tin of the tail is
cl1t nff and the hog h1ed in this wav to
get the serum in its blood. The longer
the tail the more times hog can be
h1ed hence the more serum can be
secured from that hog. The hoe could
he hIed from his foot or his nose or
side i11s+ as well. hut the mart colI'd not
he steri1i7ed so oaSilv in the process a G
can the tail blood poisonino would
I.kaIv result in n7anv caSas if the serur,
should hnconna infected Put in the.
case Of the tail that rneraher can he
scra ned and Steri1ize7 without trouble
and then stuck down in bottle and
the blood secured with ease and safety
Great scheme.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1910-12-23
Cracker Factory Burns.

Toledo, Dec. 23.-Ffre early this
morning which followed an explosion
of unknown origin totally destroyed
the building occupied by the Toledo
Biscuit company. Loss $225.00O. The
company which is an Independent con-
Germ will rebuild at once.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1910-12-23

Six pairs last six months without
holes or tears, or they are replaced
free of charge.
That means no more darning until
July, 1911. Think what a comfort not
only to the wearer, but to her also
who presides over the home and has
the darning to do.
To give Ho1eproof Hose is the
equivalent of giving two presents in
one.
The colors of Holeproof are fast,
sanitary and right in shade accord
ing to the seasons styles and their
cost is no more than you have to pay
for hose with which you get no guar
antee.
Mems Holeproof Half Hose-Six
pairs guaranteed six months, in a
Christmas Gift box for. .$1.5O
Mems Holeproof Lustre Half Hose.
finished like silk, six pairs guaranteed
SIX months for. $500
Mems Holeproof Silk Sox, pairs
guaranteed for months, put up in a
Christmas box at. $500
Women's Holeproof Cotton Hose, six
pairs guaranteed six months, put up in
a neat gift box for. $500
Women's Mercerized Holeproof
Hose, six pairs guaranteed six months.
A splendid gift for. $500
Children's Holeproof Hose-They
have no superior. Six pairs, guaran-
teed six months for. $500
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1910-12-23

TaIra Xpnes Dinuer at the TElrooD.
Go out to dinner, take your husband
out and give him Christmas dinner
at the Throop hotel, and if you are go
ing to have friends bring them along.
Ray Halls Orchestra from to 8
o'clock. Meals soc.
CHRISTMAS PROGRAM
1. Algeria.
2. Rose Marie.
3. The Flirting Princess.
4. The Palms.
3. Nodding Tulip.
6. Grizzly Bear.
Z. Miss Nobody From Starland.
8. Barber Shop Chord.
g. Chocolate Soldier.
10. Shapiro's Medley.
II. Honolulu Rag.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1910-12-23

items for the East Topeka column may
be telephoned to Ind. phone I751.1
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1910-12-23
OAKLAND GOSSIP |
Hun-l |
~ IEIIT5TIJTTY55l--AamBhanl

Items Tor the Oakland column may be
telephoned to Ind. phone 17511
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1910-12-23

We just received so dozen knit
muffiers that are minus the
makers name; simply because
he styles them seconds" but the
imperfections seem to be of such
minor significance that many
people would never notice them
were they not advised of their
being there.
They will afford equally as much
wear as those you'll buy at full price
their style and fit is the best on the
market. The lot contains black, white.
gray and champagne, all desirable
colors; in fine, soft mercerized yarns.
Price Csc
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1910-12-23
Give A box OF
Hot 4! 20
They Make A Fine Gift

Six pairs of 'Holeproof" in a
beautiful gift box such as we IL
lustrate below will make an ex-
cellent present for anyone. They
are made for men women and
children.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1910-12-23
Suit Case Umbrellas

The handle is constructed to the rod as to per-
NIT of its folding back, and the lower portion of the
rod can be drawn in flush with the cover thus al
lowing to pack the umbrella right in your suit case
when you start out travelling and the sun is shining
The handles are in pretty shapes in natural wood
covers of guaranteed silk. We cannot imagine fin
er Christmas gift Styles for men and women, $3.50.
Umbrellas With Detachable Handles
recently received good assortment Of very choice
Umbrellas
Mad by he first originated idea in
umbrellas
One be to for the
look OF umbrellas is to
the
n place; in have
handle place a
Sunday
They come sterling and mounted
handles $3.50. $500 and
COME TONIGHT TOMORROW SEE THEM,
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1910-12-23

Mr.. and Mrs. v. E. Johnson and
daughter Bonnie and son Beryl left to-
day for Wichita, Kan, where they will
spend the holidays the guests of Mr..
Alva Johnson and family and Mrs.
The Greeley tribune., 1910-09-15
MUSIC LOVERS DELIGHT
IN RECITAL GIVEN
BY JOHN DOANE. il.

Music lovers of Greeley were
given a rare treat Thursday evening
in the recital at the Congregational
church by John Doane. Ir.. assisted
by Miss Mary Kendel. Every num-
ber of the varied program was
heartily enjoyed and much appre-
ciated
John Doane, jr., has studied music
for a number OF years at the Ober-
lin conservatory of music under Prof.
Andrews, who is considered one of
the first pipe organists in the coun-
try and is now assistant instructor
under Prof. Andrews.
Mr.. Doane spends his summers in
Greeley and the recital was given be-
fore his return to Oberlin. He has al
ways been a favorite with Greeley
people.
Miss. Mary Kendel, who returns
soon to New York to continue her
musical studies. assisted Mr.. Doane
For Miss Kendel bright future is
predicted She has a rich contralto
voice. full. sweet and appealing and
has completely won the audiences
where she has been heard.
The Greeley tribune., 1910-09-15
Better Agricultural Methods

A nation which can count har-
vest by billions. 1t might be sup
posed, would be prone to imagine
that 1t is already practicing good
enough agricultural methods.
But we imagine that when the
banks are all repaid their loans to
farmers to move their crops and
profit and loss accounts are closed.
the per capita net earnings Of our
great agricultural population will
not be wholly satisfied. When. too,
the average yield per acre for each
Of our products over the entire coun-
try is compared with the yield in
other countries. We are quite sure
that convincing proof will be sup
piled that we as q nation are prodig-
al and wasteful in the extreme in
farming.
To illustrate: The United States
produces an average of IS bushels
of potatoes per acre. and the farmer
who grows 800 bushels is justified
in boasting of his skill in agricul-
ture Crowded England often raises
1000 bushels to the acre, and still
more crowded Belgium. with over
500 persons to the square mile, can
often show 1900 bushels to the
acre. What is here said of potatoes
is equally and strikingly true of all
other land products. So that our
agricultural department has sent a
commission to Europe to find out
how they do it.
The principle upon which Euro
pean farmers work is that Of paying
due regard to the cost of production.
That Is all that intensive farm meth
DDS mean-getting the most possible
out OF an acre OF land with the least
possible expenditure of money. 1t is
necessary to emphasize the word
money" for there is system OF
farming which obtains in all coun-
tries that consists in getting the
most possible out Of an acre with the
least possible expenditure OF labor,
time, investment or care. II that
il farming at all. 1t is not intensive
farming, but the most expensive
kind Of farming.
Now and then we are told tina;
the American farmer will soon have
exhausted all the natural fertility OF
the land. and that he must come to
intensive methods. That warning IL
uttered as though 1t were some i'm
pending calamity or fearful alterna-
tive.
1t IL not necessary to waft until
the fertility Of the land u exhausted
before adopting intensive methods.
All can commence tomorrow morn
ing. And absolutely nothing else
can be conceived which will contrib
ute 20 much and SO quickly to the
national and individual wealth II
will a radical reform in the direction
of more scientific and businesslike
methods of agriculture and horti.
culture.-Washington Post.
The Greeley tribune., 1910-09-15
INSANE MAN LEAPS
FROM CAR WINDOW
Especial to the Tribune)


Hudson, Sept. 9.-After exhaust
ing a man much heavier and stronger
than himself, Antoine Fortner of
West Prairie, Wis, crashed through
the window of a mile-a-minute Burl-
ington train yesterday, a mile and a
half east of Hudson. rolled for yards
along the embankment. and was
picked up, covered with blood. but
only slightly hurt.
The man who tried to hold Fort
ner saw the latter smash q window
and try to leap out. He was halfway
out of the window when the big man
grappled with him. Fortner. tenn
porarily insane, bested the other in
q frenzy Of physical strength. and
the other was forced to allow the
madman to make the leap from the
i window.
Fellow passengers found Fortner
lying semi-conscious at the foot Of a
! small embankment when they hur-
ried back after the train had been
stopped. He was brought at once to
Denver and taken to st. Luke's hos
pital. where it was stated last night
that his injuries appeared to consist
only of severe bruises and would
! probably not prove serious.
The Greeley tribune., 1910-09-15
AUTO WITHOUT LIGHTS HITS
FARMER WHO Is BADLY HURT

Struck by an automobile driven
by ]. B. Swanson quarter of mile
north of the Gipson school last night
about II o'clock. Paul e. Fischer,
522 Sixth street. was thrown from
his buggy which was demolished
He suffered severe bruises about the
body in the accident. the horse was
badly scratched up and the automo-
bile was smashed In front.
1t is said that Mr.. Swanson did not
have lights on and that he was about
to stop and turn them on when the
accident happened.
Fischer was driving toward Gree
ley while Swanson with his wife and
daughter were on the way to their
home OF r. w. Harris the lights went
out.
ranch. AS the automobile passed the
Swanson says that he proposed to
light them and was about to stop for
that purpose when the accident hap
pened.
Fischer was thrown clear OF his
carriage and into a ditch. Swanson
and his wife Immediately got from
the machine and rushed to Fischer
assistance.
The man was picked up and taken
to the Harris home.
Swanson at once got in his auto
mobile and came back to Greeley
where he obtained the services OF a
physician and returned to. the scene
of the accident.
Glass and other pieces OF the
wreckage were scattered about on
the scene of the accident this morn
ing.
]. B. Swanson's ranch is located
near Bracewell. It 10 said that Mr..
Fischer's injuries are not serious.