The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1910-11-29
TODAY IN HISTORY
Poland,s Memoranle Elah, for Freedom.
TUESDAY, NOVEMBER %, 1910.

| poland's Memorable Flight for Freedom.
Today the Poles OF every city in The
country. we'll as in all parts OF the
world. Will celebrate the anniversary OF
| the commencement OF their great strus'
gle against Russia in 1890. The initial
act which led to the uprising OF the
whole people and protracted il FOR two
years, was the revolt Of the School OF
Ensigns In Warsaw, on the night OF
November %. 1880
One hundred and sixty students at
tackled the Russian cavalry in The bar
racks nearby: q party OF six. together
with twelve students from the Warsaw
Belvedcre palace, with the intent OF cap
turing Constantine. the governor ger.
eral, who however. had hid himself
among his women servants and escaped.
The band or the cnsigns reused the
city population. a part of the Polish con-
tingent OF the garrison was gained over,
the arsenal seized and to.Gho carbincs dis
tributed TO the people. In me morning
ons'antine. with his Russian regi-
ments. withdrew from the city, and War
saw was free.
ated by the congress OF Vienna in 1915
and passed over to Alexander |. as his
reward for participation in the defeat
OF Napoleon. enjoyed at thas time re-
stricted constitution, with diet In War
saw and a standing Polish arny OF 30 900.
But even this constitution was constant
~ violated The governor general. Grand
Duke Constantine, the cars elder
brother, possessed almost dictatoriaI pow
ers, and he exercised them. That ter
titorv Of the old Poland winch was not
inslnaed 1.a --l, IN the new kingdom was bur
Russia proper. A struyg,e was imnni-
nent. inevitable.
In June OF the same year revolu-
tion in France abolished the Bourbon
regime and instituted Z new dynasty, The
Orleans, In the person os Louis Philippe.
Gar Nicholas refused 20 rocogn.zc the
charge char "a and wss c%rt .mpla ting a war
to mobilize the arinJ, The Polish regi-
| ments nearest the front were planned to
| re the first 20 take the field. DlGccv-
| ering the danger. not so much Of war. rs
| the plans to attack q friendly and lib-
cffy loving people. the Poles, who stood
| hGhe- In the unScls Of the nation, de-
cidad that the time had come for an In
surrection and meant to turn the same
portion OF the army in the service OF Rus
| sla against Russia itself. The insurrec-
| t,on was planned carefully and the inI-
| tiative given 10 the School Of EnsIgns.
| After Constantines s retreat from War
| saw national government was organized
openly and the diet assembled On the
18th OF January. 1891, CSar Nicholas was
| solemnly and formally deposed as the
King OF Poland and the house OF Roman
the present ruler still holds the title OF
King OF Poland, he does so under the
| OeGn
| prived OF IL by duress, II Poland shall
! again be free which no patriot doubts
! the cars claims will be offset, so far
| as the International law is concerned by
reference TO Poland's last legislative act
| in regard to It's kings.
In February. 1881, Count Dybicz. at
| the head OF an army OF 100 900. invaded
| Polish territory. After a series of bat
ties, in which the Poles we're cpmpeTe,I
TO retreat. the great battle Of C;rochow
was fought, In which the losses were ON
me Polish side 5000 and on the Russian
| 5000 Yet some historians claim that
the battle resulted in a Russian victory.
| The whole Russian army was opposed BY
only $4,000 Poles, The claim OF victory
| rests on the fact that after the Russians
were twice repulsed with heavy losses
from given point of attack and. as night
fell. the Poles quietly retreated to War
! saw Tor reorganization, In that battle
some of the Polish generals who were
trained IN Napoleonc wars were at the
head of the renowned Polish legions.
In April the Poles won The three
great battles OF Vayer, Dembe and Igenie
| against immense Odds. but In May lney
| lost the decisive battle Of Ostrolenko and
! were this time compelled 10 retreat 10
| warsaw. The siege of Warsaw by Dy-
bicz. the capitulation. the massacre. arc
| nant of the army that escaped. together
] with the members OF the diet and the
government. passed the Prussia frontier
and nearly all went to France, where they
| surrection Of 1880,
| On November 90. 1924 the first Italian
| opera, THE Barber OF Seville" in Amer
| lea was given at New York. and the Eric
and Cham plain canal was completed in
| 1925 Today Is the birthday of Gio-
vanni Bellini G5l6). Sir Philip Sidney,
| poet G55D; Benjamin Chew. the emil
nent Pennsylvania jurist U722); Amos
Bronson Alcott, author G799 Wendell
Phillips. orator and rcformer dSlD:
sayist uS1S), and Louise NJ. Alcott au-
! thor OS32). II Is tho date of the death OF
Charles ". of Germany Q37S), Cardinal
| Thomas Wolsey U530); Marie Theresa.
| Queen Of Hungary Q7so), and Horace
| Greeley (S72)