The Greenville journal. [volume] (Greenville, Ohio) 1850-1918, 1910-01-13


portatlon. Inc moving eauses nave peen
several: First II mas rendered possible
great economy; secona, py union OF
former competitors II mas reduced the
probability OF excessive competition; ana,
third. II the comDlnauOn mas Deeh eN-
tensive enough, and certain methods IN
the treatment OF competitors ana Gus
toners have been ADOPTED the comDlners
have secured a monopoly and complete
control of prices or rates.
A combination successful in achieving
comnIete control over a particular line of
manufactura has frequently been called
a "trust nresume that the derivation
of the word is to be explained by the fact
that a usual method OF carrying out the
plan of the combination has been to put
uaIs rnG ',n, grn. anu ~ cornorations engaged in
the same business uluer 'he coh'iol Vi
trustees
The increase in the capital or busi-
ness for the purpose OF reducing the
cost Of production ana erecting economy
in the management has become as essen
tial in modern progress as the change
from the hand tool to the machine.
When, therefore, we come to construe
the object Of congress IN adopting the
so-caHed Sherman ANTITRUST Act in
1890 whereby in the nrst secuoh every
contract. Comolnauon III thS loTn OF
trust or otherWise. OF conspiracy III re-
straint OF interstate OF lorelgn Ua1e or
! commerce, IS condemIeu as uhla"lul ana
made subject TO lhdlctihSht anu restraint
by injunction; and whereDy IN the sec
| Ond section every mohopoly or attenhpt
to monopolze, ana every coilipihalIon or
| conspiracy WIN otier PEI suns " niolloPo-
| llZe any part oI lhlel st",H ,'I ti"N y, I'm
therce' 10 ,,.;sh ,7,ont -. -,
supJeI' J' " S o,,,st in fer that the evil aimed
81 o. 80 'ot the mere bigness of the en-
ai' a. - INT n was the aggregation Of
lei =. nlanta with the express or
S-n,.iiad intent to restrain interstate or
.pD,'-,I onrnrnarce or to monopoIize II in
1,,hoie or in part.
|
| Trust MOT NeSesa''J Sau'
| ,,,,, das+rovs comnetition entIre.
| s ~ restraint of the full and fres
| ~ 90 counetition has a Tendency
opeI1Sat, commerce and trade A com.
10 res" -, noraons formerly engaged ir
| olia aartnershins or corporati0ns n,
| ''. '"uo of course eliminates the com
otii.i o..i +bot existed between them. hut
| .aiaontal ending of that competitior
| .io - ho raparded an necessarilv :
70 So ny astraint Of trade unless of sucI
ut -a,,hracing character that the in
| on - nnd effect to restrain trade are
Da,t from the circumstances or are
pp,it, docIared IN he the object n,
| eNp t ,-rbtrotion A mere incidental ra
te 20 trada and competitiop is no,
'i.1i tho inbihition of the act but 4
| ,,o,o tho combination or consnirac,
"ontract is inevitably and directly :
.,,,stantial constraint of competition. an,
81 a restraint of trade. that the statut,
81 ,,;olotad
.,,;.,o, -, .,, NJ. l., u,
Ihe se"o"o @ uo'tu.o' Snst Siroot rast 30 roip 9up
pielnehI Vi ene :, o,in,,,rod 81 tt,
Ol u aue 1os.,', 20 s,,noossf,,I and usod =,
nist 80, nn,,,natttion iS ono of tho corn
SUPPRESS othpd,, oF so,,ni trnd
IllolleSt ''e .'5.,.1,5 - ,,tar,,
lotiopo'''
1t is possible for the owners OF ousi
ness of manufacturing ana selnnS usetu
articles of merchandise so to conduC
hibitions Of the antitrust law and ye
" W It'l Wv -, ef -
~ ll-l ,1..,. -. ~,
4-1 - ~ oo.,itoI 80 -, r,Iar,ts
~ - VI 't Ie' % N"pL' ,- I's,,,t +i,,,
~ o1..aot io,,, .riaa nF thair rroduc
. ~, a.. o,, o,it,' e. a4trant nustorr
CD CD thoiS S'Iu hIsinoss H &c nrottshIe onf
e., ,,soio+o no Io,,, re tbeir actna
a,,S,ot,to,s I'll T., oo,,rar,so,, ,,,it
the total capital invested. the prospec
of new investments of capital by other
in such a profitable business is sufficient
ly near and potential to restrain them i
the prices at which they sell their prod
uct. But II thew ATTEMPT by a use of thei
preponderating capital. and by a sale @
their goods temporarily at unduly 10y
prices to drive out Of business thei
| connections or II thev attemnt nv eX
elusive contracts with their patrons an
threats of non-dealing. except upon sue
contracts or nv other methods of n sim
liar character. to use the largeness G
their resources and the extent of thei
outnut connared with the total outnu
as a means of comnellinr custom an
frightening off competition. then the
disclose a purpose to restrain trade an
to establish a mononoIv and violate th
act
Law to Suppress Abuses.
Inc onJect OF the antitrust law wa
10 suppress the abuses OF business OF I'll
Klnd descrioed. 1t was not to nterter
WIN great volume OF capltal Wmci
concentrated under one ORGANIZATION re
duced the cost of production and mad
| NOSNN
OF It's size, by methods akin to duress,
stltle competition with 1t.
I wish to make this distinction as en-
phatic as possible. because I conceiy
that nothing could happen more destruC
tive to the prosperity of this country tha
the loss Of that great economy in produt
ton which has been and will be effec
ed in all manufacturing lines bv the en-
plovment of large capital under one mar
agement. do not mean to saw this
there is not limit beyond which Ii
economy of management by the enlarg'
happens and combination continues bt
yond this point, the very fact shows il
tent to monopolize and not to economic
The original purpose of many Combin;
tions of capital in this country was nj
, confined to the legitimate and proper ol
tect of reducing the cost of production
. On the contrary, the history of mo-
1T