davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-11-20
SOCIETY.
Continued from Fifth Pase.)

Mrs. Coleman and Miss Cummins. Some
OF those attending were Mesda mes Lynn,
Coleman. Stroud, Mooney. Arthur Buell..
A. Cummins. and Misses Yount. Eva
Cummins. Margaret Stanton and Virginia
Castleman. Mrs. Henry Garrett has had
as house guest Miss Cohen of Washing
ton. Mrs. Charles Steele left Saturday
for visit to Mr.. and Mrs. HOLSTER
Sturges of Germantown. Pa. Miss Eliza
beth Huddleson entertained the members
of the younger set Friday evening at
five hundred in honor of her cousin. Miss
Virginia Huddleson of Washington.
Mr. William w. Taylor has been the
guest of Mr.. and Mrs. Gordon Taylor o:
Washington. and Sunday they made ar
automobile trip to their former home in
Greenwich Va. Rev. c. II. Wagner,
Mrs. Wagner and children are spending
the winter in Maryland. Mr.. Wagner
being compelled by i'll health to seek
rest and change of scene.
Miss Elizabeth Van Sickler of Loudoun
Is visiting Mrs. Orland Chamblin on
Washington street. The marriage of
and Mr.. Mack f. Fadely of Ashburn
was quietly celebrated i'm Gettysburg No
vember 10. They left at once on a we'd
ding trip. and on their return will re-
side in Ashburn, where the groom has
large business interests. Miss Van
Sickler is very popular here, where she
has resided for several years. Misses
sara kidwell and Marjorie Reed spent
Monday in Washington. Mrs. Robert
Schneider and children have returned
from visit to Mrs. Charles Cummings
OF Washington. Messrs. F. D. Richard
son. Thomas Keith and George Robey
OF Fairfax Court House spent Wednes-
day here. Mrs. William Groom of Ster-
ling has as house guests Mrs. Hoy Groom
and small daughter of Marshall. Mr..
Orlando n. She'd of Washington spent
Sunday with his mother in Ashburn.
Miss Elizabeth Tillet Of Leesburg, after
spending a few days in Cupeper, has
been the guest of Mrs. Daniels. DIR.
Frank Huddleson and Miss Elizabeth
Huddleson spent Thursday in Baltimore.
Miss Rose Reed has returned from a
brief visit to Washington. Misses Groh,
Detwiler, Richards and Weaver and Prof.
j. H. Beazley attended the teachers
meeting in Falls Church Saturday. The
home of Mrs. j. w. Eswick in the
suburbs, the scene of a pleasant
gathering Thursday. when the Ladies'
Aid was entertained. Those present were
Mesdames John Huddleson. Abbot. Buell.,
Groh. Caldwell. McMillen. Kenfield Lew.
is. c. 4. Smith. Reed, Simonds and
Mooney; Misses Marjorie Reed and Eliza
beth Elswick, Rev. r.. c. Drisko and
MI M. A. Kenfield. Mrs c. A. Smith
is the house guest of Mrs. J. w. Elswick
Miss Maria Gresham spent Thursday in
Fairfax.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-11-20
CUMBERLAND.
Special Correspondence Of The Star.

Special Correspondence of The Star
CUMBERLAND, November 10, 1910.
Society in Cumberland Just now is very
busy with the numerous functions in
honor OF the coming wedding OF Miss
Gretchen Wellington, eldest daughter of
ex-Cnited States Senator and Mrs George
L. Wellington, and Mr.. James Elder
Humbird. son of Mr. and Mrs. J. Will
son Humbird, next Wednesday evening
Mrs. Boyd ~ Reinhart. sister of the
BRIDE to-be, entertained at luncheon in
her honor. Covers were laid for nine.
mainly feminine members of the bridal
party, and including Mrs. William Renix
Offutt Oakland Md; Mrs. w. A. Baird
Cambridge Springs. Pa: Miss Juliet Full
ton Parkersburg. w. Va. Miss Genevieve
Ryan. Dubuque, Iowa: Miss Olga Yelling
| ton, Miss NJ Angela Clark and Miss Anna
| Sper. Miss Anna Spier, one of the
| bridesmaids. gave a luncheon yesterday
f, In honor of the bride-elect, and tonight
Mrs. William ReniX Offutt, the only sis
| ter of the groom, who Is one of the ma
irons of honor, will give dinner at the
| Humbird home In honor of Miss yelling
ton. Misses Margaret and Frances Sloan.
daughters of the late Judge David w.
Sloan. entertained for the bride-elect. and
MISS ioNita feicy save htCHeI'
| shower in her honor. Mr. Humbird. the
prospective groom. gives a bachelor din
. ner to the male members Of the bridal
party and a few intimate friends tonight
at the Olympia Hotel Among the guests
will be Saul Prayer of the Maryland Uni
versity Law School. Baltimore: Walter H.
| Cunningham, Sturgis. Ky: Samuel B.
Johnson. Frostburg; Ernest Geare, Rob-
| ert King and T.. Blaine White of Cum
berland. Miss Mary McHenry who leaves
next week for Europe and who will spend
| Christmas in Rome, also entertained for
| Miss Wellington. as did also the sister-in-
| law of the brfde-tO-be, Mrs. John l..
| Wellington, wife of County Treasurer
Wellington This afternoon Miss NJ An
| CELIA Clark. late of the Georgetown Acad-
| envy Of the Visitation gave luncheon
| in honor OF Miss Wellington. The BRIDE
| elect will entertain the bridal party at an
| elaborate dinner after rehearsal next
Tuesday night.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-11-20

to Winchester Miss Galley Simmonn
OF Charleston, s. c.. left this week to
spend some time with friends in Wash
ington, after visiting at the home OF
Judge and Mrs. William Mayo Atkin-
son, in Winchester. Miss Lille Brown
who has been on a visit to friends in,
Washington, has returned to her home
In Winchester. Mrs. Joseph Z. Steg-
ner and her little son, who have been
visiting at the home OF her father. Mr.
George A. Windell. in Winchester. left
this week for Washington en- route to
Newark. n. J.. for the winter. Mrs.
Sarah Brooks. who has been on
lengthy visit to relatives in Washing
ton and Staunton. Va. returned to her
home, in Winchester. several days ago.
Mrs Edward Giles of Washington has
been visiting at the home of her
brother and sister-in-law, Mr.. and Mrs
John H. Seal. in Winchester Miss Lonl
A. Kern Of Winchester has been spend
ing the past week with friends in
Baltimore and Washington. Mrs Ar
thur Leafe Of Winchester left this week
for Washington and Baltimore. Mr.
and Mrs Morris MARBLE OF Washington.
who have been visiting Mrs. Anna
Marble in Winchester, have returned
to their home in Washington, accom-
panied by Miss Minnie Martin. Mrs.
Brantz NJ Roszel has returned to her
home in Winchester, after visiting her
parents, Col. and Mrs. Robert p. Chew.
at Charles Town. Miss Mary Bowman Of
Woodstock has returned from a visit
to friends in Washington. Mrs. n. IL.
Skyles, who has been on an extended
CONTINUED on Seventh PageD
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-11-20

Hill. Miss Susan Baker of Hagerstown.
Md, is visiting Miss Julia Glove at her
home in Winchester. Mrs. Virginia
Budd Of Petersburg. Va, and Miss Alma
Phelps Of Baltimore are visiting at the
home OF Mr.. and Mrs. Fl. ID. Fuller, in
Winchester Miss Louise w. Meade of
White Post, Clarke county, has gone on
a visit to her brother and sister-in-law,
Mr. and Mrs. Richard kidder Meade, in
White Post is visiting her sister, Mrs.
Stark, In Norfolk. and will probably
spend some time in Washington before
returning home. Miss Arledge. who has
been at White Post with friends for
some time past, has returned to her
home in Washington. Miss Muir of
Charlottesville is the guest of Miss
Vivian Meade at her home. at White
Post. Mrs. John Sewers Of Clarke is
visiting relatives in Washington and
Baltimore.
Miss Elizabeth Bowen Of Berryville
and her guests. Miss Annie r. Tinker
o. New York and Miss Ethel O'Fallon
OF Wildwood. have returned from
visit to friends in Washington. Mrs.
the home Of Miss Fannie Crow, in
Berryville. Miss Mary Hartman has
returned to Rosemont farm. near Berry
willie, after visiting friends in New
York and Washington. Mrs. William
p. Ebert and her little daughter, who
have been visiting relatives at Stephen
son. have returned to their home, in
Baltimore. for the winter season. Mr..
William Nelson Page and Mr.. Thomas
Boiling Byrd. who have been visiting
friends in Washington, have returned
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-11-20
EVANSVILLE, MD.
Special Correspondence of The Star.

Special Correspondence Of The Star.
EVANSVILLE. November 10, 1910.
Mr. G. Hodges Clerk is spending the
current week with relatives in Calver,
and Anne Arundel counties. Mrs. MAY
P,ummer has been spending a few
days with relatives in Fairfax, Va
and Washington. Mayor William p
Magruder and Mr.. George b. Arnold
have gone to Newbern, n. c., for q
weeks hunting trip. Mr.. w. r. Bendz
Of Beltsville is visiting his cousin
Mr. H. A. Sasscer. near Northkeys. in
the lower section Of the county. Messrs
Mortimer and Arthur Carr are visiting
relatives and friends in Anne Arunde
county Mrs. Frederick Sasscer has
returned from a pleasant stay with
friends and relatives in Ohio and iii.
ncis. Mrs. c. v. A. Clagett and grand.
laughter Jeanette Cochran, have
.,cae 10 Washington for the winter
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-11-20

Arc mo popular than ever this
year The gold and silver ef-
fe.;s into which these bouquets
are conceived are preferred to
the natural fioWerS-sweet peas,
violets. carnations. gardenias,
etc, at prices we'll within the
means of Your purse.
For evening wear we are
showing petite gold and silver
rosebuds and coronets for the
hair.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-11-20

The genuine. styled in accord
with fashions very latest die
tates. More fashionable than
furs. Usually far more sea-
Sonable i'm Washington. The
fact that we are producers o.
the raw materials enables us
to offer the newest effects for
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-11-20

CONTINUED on Seventh Page
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-11-20
After New Players.

From the Pitisbury Post.
Mrs. Watts-Trumps called on me yes
terday.''
You're in luck. She scouts for our
leading bridge clubs
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-11-20
The Exception.

From the Louisville Courier-Journal.
We still speak of dew falling, but near
~ everything else is still going up.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1910-09-01
MRS. j. WILBUR CHAPMAN.

Fl d (
After brief engagement Miss Mabel
Cornelia Moulton. OF Providence, r. l..
was married on Tuesday to Rev j.
Wilbur Chapman. d. D., of New York.
the preacher and evangelist, who is
we'll known in all parts of the world.
The marriage was a simple one, and
was celebrated at the home of the bride
in Elmwood Avenue, with only rela-
tives and intimate friends present.
Rev. Elijah Hanley. pastor of the First
Baptist Church. OBLIGATED, assisted by
an old friend of the bridegroom, Rev.
Ford G. Gilman, of Stamford. Conn
Attending the bride were Mrs Ralph
c. Norten, of minneapolis, and little
brides niece. Robert f. Davis was
best man. The ushers were Charles Fl.
Denison, of New York. and Benjamin
2. Moulton. The bride wore en-
broidered chiffon over princess crepe,
with yoke trimmings and veil of rose
point. She carried bouquet OF white
roses.
Mr.. and Mrs. Chapman have gone on
an automobile trip. In September they
Will go to Wales, where DIR. Chapman
will confer with clergymen of that
country Mrs. Chapman is prominent
in religious circles. They met last
February after his return from Aus
tralia.
DR.. Chapman conducted an evangelis-
tic campaign in the City Auditorium
January. 1909, which attracted thous-
ands of Richmond people nightly.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1910-09-01
TELL OF THREATS
MADE BY MOORE
Several Witnesses Examined in
Case Growing Out of
Howell's Death.
Especial to The Times-Dispatch.

Lovingston, Va. August 3l.-The
trial of John Moore, charged with tho
murder of Frank Howell on May 13,
was continued to-day in Nelson Circuit
Court, Judge Gordon presiding.
John F. Stevens testified that whiia
on the way to chariottesvlne with
Moore, Moore told him that moonshiri-
ers put bottle of whiskey In his
pocket, which was given TO Howell.
from which .'he made a die.
Nv. S. Massie, who reached the house
shortly after the death of Howell,
found Moore there, very nervous ard
restless Mrs Howell told Massie thas
Howell ate lot OF cherries and that
he ate hearty supper She told wit.
ness that Howell suffered with choklng
and smothering. and she gave him q
tnf1dy Moore said Howell should ba
huried in a short While, that he would
dig the grave.
She made a second statement to Mr..
Nrassia concerning his death somewhat
con ira dictory to her first statement.
Curl Cash said Howells two little
girls came to his house about 10
O'Clock at night. They wanted sweet
milk and eggs for their father, ana
said that John Moore had poisoned
nana. When he got to Howell's house
Ia did not have any pulse. More told
the witness IL he had Winchester
rifle he would shoot Howell: that
howell would die in his own house
inside Of three months
pearl Howell. daughter of the dead
man, gave testimony which goes to-
show that John Moore gave the
fwhiskey which contained the poison.
and that John Moore told her mother
few days after the burial not to
think for moment that he poisoned
Howell; that it was given to him to
kill Howell or put where he could
get it, Ruth Howell testified the same
as her sister. she being only ten years
old she made an excellent witness.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1910-09-01
IMPORTING GLOVER SEED

Richmond Third City in Country, In
Duty ON Crimson Variety.
Farmers of Virginia have determined
to make two stalks Of clover grow
where one grew before. They are not
experimenting, but are preparing to
take a "fier" in crimson clover. as is
Indicated by the large importations of
seed from France. Germany and Aus.
tria.
According to the customs officials
Richmond Is now leading thu. United
States in the importation OF clover
seed, with the exception Of New York
and Baltimore. Carload after carload
of German crimson clover seed is be-
ing received at this port. During the
past few days the customs officials
have been kept busy checking up the
shipments.
1t is claimed that crimson clover is
the Salvation of the South" 1t is a
very prolific product. growing almost
as rapidly and as thick as alfalfa.
Crimson clover has the ordinary species
beat several ways. Cattle thrive on
1t and it Is an excellent food for dairy
90 .
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1910-09-01
KICKED BY STRAY HORSE.

Robert Edmonds Rendered Unconscious
by Blow From Animals ioof.
Robert Edmonds, colored, of SIS
North Seventh Street, was kicked by
a stray horse last night at Cosbys
livery stable. and rendered uncon-
scious. His wound was found, how
ever, not to be mortal.
The stray horse came to the place.
and Policeman Thomas and Edmonds
attempted to drive it in the stable.
But the visitor baked. swung around.
and let out both heels. One caught
Edmonds on the chin. knocking him
several feet away. Then the strange
horse cleared away. and the city am
bulance was summoned. Edmonds
was treated by DR.. Harshbarger, who
took him home.
1t is said that the same horse kicked
another man earlier in the night. Ed
monds lost several of his teeth. but
was not otherwise much hurt.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1910-09-01
CHIEF CLERK MARRIED

Popular Official Surprises Closest
Friends and Associates.
There was general interest In the
State government buildings yesterday
over, the announcement In The Times
Dispatch of the wedding OF Chief
Clerk c. Lee Moore, of the Office of
the Auditor of Public Accounts, and
Mrs. Florence Warren Macdougall on
Tuesday Mr.. Moore had kept his ap-
preaching nuptials secret even from
his closest friends IN the otllce.
Mr.. Moore has been connected with
the office in his present capacity for a
quarter of n century. He knows the
financial history and condition of the
State by heart.
His bride resigned her position as
matron at the City Home Hospital. eff
fective yesterday.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1910-09-01

ant. Flo manifeHted certain degree
Iof enthusiasm In speaking OF his new
field. He stated that 1t would offer
many opportunities, OF which he hoped
to be able TO take advantage, to the
mutual benefit OF himself and the mem
bers OF his new charge
Or. Smith rendered his resignation to
the congre CATION of the Second BAPTIST
Church on the morning OF Sunday, July
81, to accept a cali to Chapel Hill, N.
g. The matter was referred to the
board OF deacons which later decided
to consent to serve the pastoral rela-
lions In accordance with the expressed
wishes OF DIR. Smith
Buiit New Church.
Since 1897. when he came to Rich
nond. DR.. Smith had served the con-
gregaton efficiently and we'll His
administration was one of remarkable
success, great progress having been
made In all departments, and 1t was
he who innugurated the movement
which resulted In the erection OF the
magnificent new church edifce at
Franklin and Adams Streets DR..
Smith will leave for Chapel Hill within
the next few days. He will be accom-
panied by his wife and daughter, two
sons having decided to remain here.
Chapel Hill Is the seat of the Univer-
slty OF North Carolina, and the several
hundred students who annually attend
that Institution will compose portion
of DR.. Smiths new congregation.
No successor has yet been named.
that action having been deferred by
the board of deacons until some time
next month. During the month of Sep
TENDER Rev. Il. v. Mullen, D. D.. presi-
dent OF the Southern Baptist Theolosi-
cal Seminary. of Louisville, KY. will
occupy the pulpit.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1910-09-01
MARCHING ORDERS


Militia Commands Given Instructions
nv to Sham hattie.
Orders have been issued for the
Blues Battalion to assemble at the
armory at 4 o'clock Monday afternoons
whence 1t will proceed to the State
Fair Grounds to participate In the
sham battle. The line OF defense. con-
sisting of the Blues, one Of the Howit-
zers' guns and the Boys Brigade. will
form at o'clock.
The companies OF the First Battalion.
First Regiment, have been given per-
mission BY Major Price to proceed to
the Fair Grounds at any time they
the companies will elect to go to the
scene early In the afternoon and reas-
semble in time for the battle. An
average of forty-flve men to the COM
pany is expected to attend from this
battalion.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1910-09-01
II FAREWELL SERVICE TO
REV. w. r. u. SMITH,D.D.
Pastor OF Second Baptist Church,
Bids His People
Good-by.
GOES TO CHAPEL HILL
Many Testify to Value Of His
Ministry
Here.

In farewell service that was ex.
tren1ely impressive. Rev. w. r. L.
smith, d. D., last night brought to n
close thirteen years OF notable minis
try as pastor. OF the Second Baptist
Church. Tears, smiles, warm express
sIons OF love and esteem. congrntula-
tons and regrets characterized the
parting OF the pastor and his people,;
regrets at the realization that his stay
among them was now actually at an
end; congratulations upon the work he
had done; expressions of confidence in
that which he is yet to do. There
were tears when DR.. Smith told his
people that his going away from them
was but an incident in the life Of
every pastor and in the life Of every
church. There were smiles when Prof
w. A. Harris, Of Richmond College.
told how on one occasion tho pastors
enthusiasm at an athletic contest In
which the college was represented had
brought on an attack OF hoarsenesy
which resulted In his absence from his
pulpit on the Sunday morning follow
Ing.
Many Take Part.
The musical program consisted OF a
solo, duet and quartet numbers. Will
lam Ellyson presided. Those who made
addresses were: Mr.. Ellyson, DR.. George
B. Steel. chairman of the board of dea-
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1910-09-01

cons; #. T. crump superintendent Of
the Sunday school; c. r. Guy and j. D.
Montgomery, of the mems Bibla
classes: President James Nelson. of the
Woman's College; Prof w. A. Harris.
of Richmond College,; Rev. Il. j. Will
ingham. D. D.. secretary OF the Foreign
Mission Board, and others.
The committee that arranged for the
occasion was composed Of George b.
Steel, r. j. Willingham, Jr.. and Joseph
s. James.
In opening the service Mr.. Ellyson
said that In looking over the thirteen
years during which DIR. Smith has been
pastor the congregation must feel the
great debt OF gratitude that was due
for the success OF the church. Never
before in Its history was there such
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1910-09-01
YOU retain your personal liberty.

you retain your personal liberty.
Now to ministers.
The average congregation Is made up
Of about 90 per cent. of free citizens and
much less then 10 per cent of members
Of the Labor Trust.
The free citizen wants to hear words
defending the rights and Independence
Of tho common man, free from the arbi-
trary dictates Of any self.aeeldng organi-
zation either Of Capital OF Labor.
The merchant, lawyer, school teacher,
doctor, clerk, farmer ard workman re-
bets against any forcible stopping Of
trains, boats, street cars, or factories,
for the prosperity Of tho community is
cnt!yely dependent on steady cont!nu-
Eance Of thssc th!nGA
Mon dop't Ike stnkes, hoyootts, In.
jured workmen or burned cars and
lactoyies, s3 si 81
A.ianapus dtYlrs says, "These mon
may hate Capitalists, but ,tNs!r hats Isl
Eothns lebonuE men sbusnl iiks u Il2ilE,
ests llke attic Sdd 10 nsiignant Beyond
sil description,
Thpn wo Nsnsmhnr caSes al acid
IthrowtnS, eyea' gouged cut, aAlldppn pur.
fsued. women stripped, homes destroyed,
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1910-09-01
marked evidence OF this success than /,
at the present time" he said.

marked evidence OF this success than
at the present time" he said.
Presents Handsome Check.
DR. Steel said DIR. Smiths resignation
came as complete surprise to the
board of deacons. which he represent
cd. The pastor had given no intlma-
tiop OF his Intentions until Just few
days before his resignation was an
nounced DR.. Steel said that the pas
tors resignation had not come as the
result OF any difference Of opinion be-
tween him and the people OF his
church. He pointed with pride to the
fact that the congregation was With
out divisions DR.. steel stated that $50
new members had been added to the
congregation In the years In which DR..
Smith had been pastor and that the
Sunday school, under his direction, had
grown until 1t had become model
for the denomination. He referred to
the fact that DR.. Smith was a trustee
OF Richmond College, the Woman,s
College, the Southern Baptist Theolog-
ical Seminary. and that he had been a
contributor to the official church or
gan, the Religious Herald. In closing,
DR.. Steel presented to the pastor a to-
ken from the congregation in the form
OF a handsome check.
Others Acknowledge Worth.
Superintendent Crump. of the Sunday
school, expressed on behalf Of the
school his deepest regret at the action
of Or. Smith in departing from Rich
mond. He told OF the wonderful pro-
gress made by the Sunday school I'M
der his administration.
DR.. James Nelson paid a high tribuee
to DR.. Smith. referring particularly to
the part he had taken in the interests
of education.
DR.. Harris eulogized the departing
pastor for the work he had done in
the interests of his church and con-
gregation and for his wisdom and
counsel in the affairs Of Richmond Col
lese.
DR.. Smith Responds.
In response DR.. Smith told his people
how deeply he was moved at the many
expressions Of love and esteem which
had gone before. He said that his de-
parture was but an incident in the life
OF every pastor and in the life OF every
church. and that 1t should bring no
sorrow. although 1t was but, natural
that there should be regret at the sew
erance OF ties which had been SO pleas
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1910-09-01
SEVERAL MAKE HIGH MARKS

Committee OF Board of Police Commits
sioners Goes Over Examination Papers,
A committee Of the Board Of Police
Douglas Gordon. Cliff Well and James
f. Bradley, last night went over the
examination papers for promotion to
sergeantcy and of applicants for the.
positions on the force. There were
seventeen applicants for promotion and
5thirty-f applicants for the force
The names OF those who passed the ex-
aminations will not be given ont until
after the papers have been referred
to the whole board.