The sun., 1910-05-15


ing devices and Illustrating methods ol
prOtsotiOn aaAinst accidents and dlaaass1
In workshops and homss. In the ad-
vanced industrial centres tho lodging
houses are Importing that sickness n d.
miniahing among the homoloas. and ~ 4
well known the labor sxchangos aro moi
only anding work for unlaught boys and
msn bsii aro prOtscting helplsaa Womau
and RiFls from the dangers Of private en-
Ployrnsnt agencies.
/ "a
IN surveying the insuencaa which have
coniribUtsdt0Ward ths welfare O9 the poO-
ple abroad SIR. oompers dwella withBpo-
cial emphasis on trade unlonigm and Co
operation. Few are the Individual CON-
munities on tho Continent IN which labor
organizations On ths Engllah-AmSrican
ayutem have not bad marvellous develop
ment In tie last ten years. Germany has
led and nov counts q trads union mem-
baRnhip of mors than f.sa0.00o. Twenty
or thirty years ago the 0sFman working
man turned % politics whaFs tha Engliah
o. Americah went Into tho trade uni0h.
To-day what is really being dons In Ger
many In practical WuFk for the Wags earn
ere IN directed from trade union ceuares.' .
Tho new massive administration buildinRp
Of the unions in Berlin. HamharR. MuRich.
Cologne and elsewhere arc striking mate
rial evidences Of the wealth. power and
energy nov possessed By the tsade unicn-
ists. By the tourist ono O9 the notable
effscss Of unl0nism h seen In ths general
closing 0f retail stores ln German cities
on Sundays and at . O'clock In the sVsAing
on weekdays. Salssmen Who worked
sighty-four hOUTs q week when Mr.. Com
paEs visited Germany fourteen yoars ago
now WORK sixty-four hours.
With the increased strength Of the
unions has come q better ealoFcamsnt
Of factory laws. The vOrkmsn. through
their unions. 80 that the lAus are posted
In tho factories and that employers
observe ths provisions rslsting 10 women
and ohildrSn. Ths largo oitiss- o. Aus-
triA, HungAry. Italy. switfsriand and
Belgium have tTads union halls o. CO.
operative huildlnR IN which tho unions
ars Interested. Trade agFuSmsnts exist
even In HmmEy. In Munich 50 per cent.
oG al the trades have standing contracts
a. 70 wages and hours 0f work. The
building trade unions Of Italy. South Ger
many. 8WitRsrland and Austria have inter-
national exchange cards with uniform
district wage scales The German trade
uniOnists intsrviswed By Mr.. 0ompsrs
had but one opinion a. 70 tho compare
tive rise Of wages and cost of living: The
waGs line In tho diagrams nan by FAR the
highest Alcoholic drinking. always an
index Of thsHsssssssa saossSsssSa sg =sskiEs-
men. II On the dsclins In the unions.
Organised labor IL inhuencing leEisla-
ton everywhere Not long ago tho Brit
ish Trade Union Parliamentary Com
mittee sent -four Of its members. labor
Representatives in Parliament. on = mis-
sion 10 Germany 20 inquire into the opera |
tion Of the WoFkingmen's ins1ranos laws
then. Ths report favored the 0nact- |
ment Of similar leSislAtion for the unltsd |
kinpdOm. The Literal Governments Coz
ssqaently approved an insurance sohcns
having az he main features compulsory |
dues frOin eInployeTs and employed and
a supplementary Bibvention from the
State. The british Woriingmen h o.
ready familiar with the advAntauss uf
systematized legal compensation By en-
ployers In naRs Of ACCIDENTS. Hs h now |
about TO witness ths establishment II
Government Ahor exchanges and u asa
ing for insurance aGainst Unemployment.
which has had trial in certain German
muDiciIalities The question before ~
nov. aays'Mr. 0ompens, -is not whsthor
inaErance 0f This character should be
applied In the United Statos. The fact
Of ia establishment in como European
demonstrates social progress
there"
The growth Of cooperation throuahout
Europe IL hardly inferior 10 that Of trade
uhiOnism. Every ward IN Hamburg has
monumental hulldihgs devoted 20 some
form. q cooperation. The wholesale
centre is an imposing series Of structures
containing lntcheries. bakeries. ware
houses. administration Ofioss, q hotel
and n block OF modern aEartm-nt houses
occupied by wage workers.
The Hamburg Cooperative Society c1n-
ducts building operations not only for i,s
bat Gog the rnnnicilality and pri.
vate investors. Thesociety pays the high
PVT wnRrs IN she city and uses model saisty
APPLIANCES. Every large Industrial city
in Europe and many villages have oOopsF-
itive societies. In Italy cooperation Ia in
1rsctics GA a notable scale. Milan has
stogcs. printing oAices. nsVs-
papers. tsnsmenta, hotel and worknsn'sl
cooperative colonies.
The b,isiness transacted ly wholsaals,
retail and productive cooperation IN EnR-
and and Scotland 10 increasing by nilH6ns
II pounds a year. The British labor CO.
m0vement eulbnlces mora
han 100 productive establishments, In
Guiding seventeen kas companies with
% GO employees Tho dliFy and farming
movement 10. next 70 the land
purchase act. the most notable factor In
he rising agricultural prosperity Of IrB-
and. Cooperation 10 all IL phases 10
'romoted by the International Coopera-
i've Alliance. which holds biennial con
,ressss for the purpose Of disseminating
lelpfil information.
A feature Of the European labor move
nent 70 which Mr. Gompers calls repeated ,
.ffarfion IN fta 4rn-rtns trd.n.,, a.. .