davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-10-04
Promotions of Post Office De-
partment Officials.
RECOGNITION OFEFFICIENCY
William r. Spilman Superintendent
Of City Delivery.
HIS SALARY Is NOT INCREASED
Theodore ingalls, Directs Rural Free
Delivery-C. F. Trotter and
g. s. Wood Advanced.

Clerical changes affecting officials in thu
Post Office Department by order of the
Postmaster General, were announced to-
day.
William r. Spilman, Kansas. has beer
transferred as superintendent of the divi
sion of rural free delivery. Office of the
fourth assistant postmaster general, tc
be superintendent of city delivery, a,
$1,000. in the Office of the first assistant
postmaster general.
Advances in Post and Salary.
Theodore Ingalls,, Kentucky, chief clerk
fourth assistant postmaster general, al
$500. has been promoted to be superin.
tendent Of rural free delivery at 5000 a
year.
Charles F. Trotter, West Virginia, as
sistant superintendent, division of salaries
and allowances, at $1,000 a year and 81
per diem, has been made assistant super
intendent, division of salaries and allow
anceS. office of first assistant postmaster
general. at $2.25O a year.
George l.. Wood, Maryland, assistant
superintendent, division of salaries and
allowances. at $3.50 q year. has been
made chief clerk, fourth assistant post
These changes are made effective Oc-
tober 3.
Efficiency Is Rewarded.
They we're made, 1t was announced,
along the lines of the Postmaster Cen
erals endeavor to get the department
on business basis, and make the postal
service self-sustaining. In each instance
the reappointment of the men is in the
nature of a promotion, although that of
Mr.. Spilman does not carry with it adj
ditional compensation.
The promotion Of Mr.. Ingalls, Is the
second he has received within a few
weeks. For years he has been next in
command of the Office of the chief post
office inspector. His promotion, with
additional compensation, was made as
an acknowledgment Of efficient services.
Mr.. Spilman has been advanced to the
position of superintendent of city delivery
in the office of the first assistant post
master general to fill the place made va
cant by the promotion Of E. H. Thorp.
who was promoted to the post of superin-
tendent of salaries and allowances. Mr..
Wood has for years been assistant super
intendent Of the division Of salaries and
allowances.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-10-04
.OR|NOCO CLAIM HEARING
WILL OPEN TOMORROW
Court Of Arbitration to Beqin
Sessions at The Hague.
History of the Case.

The court of arbitration organized to
adjudicate the long-pending controversy
between the United States and Venezuela
regarding the rights of the Orinoco
steamship Company, will begin its ses-
sions at The Hague tomorrow. The
Orinoco company is now an American
concern. and the representatives Of the
United States will make the opening
arguments. following which the repre-
sentatfves Of Venezuela will make the
opening arguments on behalf Of that
government. 1t 1s expected the case
will be submitted before the close of
the month.
The Orinoco claim is one of the three
cases for the settlement of which provi-
sion was made by the protocol of Feb
ruary 13, 1903 negotiated for the United
states by the late William l. Buchanan
and for Venezuela by F. Gonzalez Gunan
The two other cases for the arbitration of
which provision was made, were the case
OF the Orinoco Corporation and its pre-
decessors in interest the Manoa Company.
Limited. the Orinoco Company and the
Orinoco Company, Limited. and the claim
of the United States and Venezuela Com
pany, also known as the Critchfield claim.
They were, pursuant to other provisions
Of the same protocol. settled by a COM
promise arranged between the two gov
ernments, by which the government of
Venezuela pays to the United States for
and on behalf Of these companies. about
$4,000
The present claim arose from the an
nulment on the part Of Venezuela of an
alleged exclusive concession held by the
Orinoco Shipping and Trading Company,
a corporation Of which 90 per cent Of the
stock was held by American citizens.
The Orinoco Shipping and Trading Com
pany assigned all its assets, including
concessions, claims for damages. ETC., to
Jersey corporation with the same stock
holders.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-10-04
cambridge H. b|BB To
BRING SUIT FOR DAMAGE
Says His Arrest Was Result of
Business Deal in
California.

cambridge H. Bibb of California, who
was arrested at the Willard Hotel last
night on telegram from the acting chief
Of police of San Francisco, today gave
a bond of $1,000 before Chief Justice Ga
baugh and was released.
Bibb secured a writ of habeas corpus
directed to Maj. Sylvester to show cause
why he should not be released from Gus
tody. Hearing was set fer this morning,
but. on motion of United States Attor-
ney Wilson, the hearing, was postponed
until October IA. Attorneys A. S. Worth
ington and A. A. Birney represented Mr..
Bibp.
Statement by Mr.. Bibb.
Mr.. Bibb said today that his arrest,
while really one OF the moves in the fight
over patent, grew out Of a business
deal he had with Boss" Buckley of Cali
fornia two years and half ago. He said
that he erected two buildings for Buck
ley, the work on the second being de-
signed to lfQuidate note he owed after
the erection of the first. The second job
OF work, he said. counterbaianced the note
by $1,000, but that as he was in Wash
ington it was technically possible for
Buckley to sue on the note and have him
arrested as a fugitive from justice.
He declared that he intended to return
to San Francisco and sue Buckley for
100000 for his arrest
Local police officials have not been in
formed of the details of the charge
against Mr.. Bibb.
Charge Alleged to Be Technical.
Mr.. Bibb was visited at the first pre-
cinct police station early this morning
by Prof. j. j. Montgomery of Santa
Clara. Cal. who is interested with him in
an electrical device. Prof. Montgomery
has won considerable attention as the
designer of an aeroplane with fiexing
wings, issued about the same time as
the patent to the Wright brothers. and
which Is said to embody some of the es-
sential principles involved in the Wright
machine.
He said that the charge made against
his business partner was purely technical
and was a part Of an attempt to black
mail them both.
Wedding Breakfast Interrupted.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1910-01-01

partly too secular by-produets, it is
the field of music in which we are
to the now splendid equipment of the
American organist and choirmaster.
On. B.-Not included in this praise are
bank clerks, chemists, grocers, &C.,
who make music on Sundays.)
Fifty years ago American songbirds
were to be found in the woods only;
to-day they are invading European
opera houses, &c, by the dozen, with
reasonable prospect of being re-in-
ported to America sooner or later with
American public. Fifty years ago our
crchestras, with two or three excep-
tons, were still of the provincial
scratch variety; to-day we have at
excellent, and though they are far too
few for a country like ours, and most
of them lead a somewhat precarious
existence, yet we have them.
Fifty years ago the American COM
poser was practically an unknown
species; to-day we possess a score Of
composers who hold their own against
their European brethren, geniuses of
course being hors de concours. Fifty
years ago America practically did not
exist for encyclopedias of music; to-
day American institutions and musi-
clans figure noticeably in Grove, Rie-
mann, &c.
1t would seem, then, that in music
fifty years" 1 have been dealing only
with American conditions! Now, am
perfectly willing to admit that ours
is Gods own country, but I do not
believe that therefore all other coun-
tries still or already belong to the devil
and hence should be disregarded.
In music, at least, Europe is not yet
an old dog without teeth. If we were
imping behind times fifty years ago
and now have caught up with Euro
pean countries in many respects that
surely does not permit a substitution
of the pars pro toto. Taking a more
cosmopolitan view of matters I really
cannot indorse DIR. EIliot's words. Some
channels of expression and opportun-
ity have become wider some deeper,
some NARROWER, some shallower, and
the whole network of channels perhaps
more complicated, but on the whole the
differences are external, not internal
or vital.
Indeed, not even the pianola and
kindred musical automobiles have revo-
lutionized music, except in the adver-
tisements of the manufacturers. We
use the same tonal system and the
same instruments as fifty years ago.
The human hand still has five fingers,
the human voice is still the same, and
though our virtuosos have changed.
(with exception of some singers who
positions as were sung and played fif-
ty years ago, whether these compost
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1910-01-01

giving the span some slight elasticity.
the younger Dumas wrote " La Dame
aux ;Camellias," known to the English
speaking ,playgoer by its absurd name
Camille and not only is Camille -
as good an acting play as it ever could
written (by Dumas) to-day.
so, too, Sardou's delightful &c Les Pattes
&c Moucbe," named in its adaptation " A
scrap OF Paper" and some of the COM
edles Of Labiche, Augier, Sandeau. So.
too; .. Boucicaults :" The Shaughraun -
you'd NOT De proud to have written that
cault and Joseph Jefferson that the lat
{ers son is still acting. Rip Van
Wlnkle, Bulwer Lytton's :" Money"
Lady of Lyons and " Richelieu y?
NO; no one to-day could write in that
l Iine old bombastic vein; and that they
neen made of stuff essentially dramatic.
IN spite Of artificial plumage. Tom Tay-
Iors Our American Cousin" better
SHOWN as Lord Dundreary," could have
oeen conceived no later than the day
when the, clothes 1t calls for were the
mode. 1t has to be approached as a stage
curiosity, theatre heirloom. before one
can surrender to the quaint entertainment
IL al1ordS. But other works of the same
autAor with few extraneous modifica-
9ons could have been penned, If not to-
gay, at any rate yesterday, or the day
Summing up the fifty-year case in a
word, or rather in a phrase. the modifca-
ions seem to sring from the wider
spread OF general education. even if this
Is Paoa az times unfortunately superficial.
oeea w sSs the e earyp Vfafo
rIans would say &c in the nick of time"
But they mean the same thing
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1910-01-01
Years Ago and Now In Educational Matters

In the matter of the liberal college
the half century has seen ultra individ-
ualism attempting to please every boy
with his own college course. This is
followed by the present reaction in
favor of the group system, which gives
sufficient scope to all the main varie-
ties of youthful minds. The women's
college was in embryo before 1860 at
places like Oberlin, but the latest Unit
ed States report credits no women's
school with college rank until after the
civil war. In the division of the Sec
ondary school are new foundations that
are especially sociologic in that they
teach the boy or girl for the sake OF
the community as conSpicuously as for
his own sake. Fields of study and
effort are named which the community
wants cultivated. Physical culture and
hygiene are placed in the school not for
the sake of the individual child an
much as for the sake of the whole come
munity-
The kindergarten, as a scientific subs
stitute for the former infants school
or DANES school. is credited by the best
authority with an existence in America
no longer ago than 1870.
My object in referring to the diagram
Is not TO convey exact figures, but to
enforce the existence of the fact which
have said is the great educational
characteristic of these fifty years in the
United States. The same fact, namely
the new emphasis added to sociologio
education, is observable in the other
great nations. When did the English
Government ever take much account OF
the classes until of late, when it was
forced to withdraw the schools from the
narrow control of castles and make them
truly public and free? Scotland has also
felt the impulse. France has taken
measures that seem radical and almost
severe in converting all her schools into
schools of the community as nearly an
possible. France in her revolution or
century ago failed signally to discover
the golden mean between no govern-
ment and too much government She
is striving for it, but has not found 10
vet in the conduct of her schools.
Germany has been much more sue.
cessful. Germany is next to US OF all
the nations in her educational spirit
and her educational practices through
out the past fifty years. If the Ger
mans were asked, they would affirm that
perhaps the most sociologic and eco.
homie of all their schools is the school
of the army. which, primarily for the
sake of society. drills every young man
in the country as a soldier from one TO
three years Of the formative period OF
life. They would equally argue thar
while it is primarily for the community
it is no less in the vast majority OF
cases a boon to the individual Inls
contention raises too large question
to be spoken of here.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1910-01-01

Europe had too frequent occasion to
describe their condition as the landlady
in Rob Roy" described hers to Bailie
Jarvis: Between sogers and Saxons
and hership and bluidShed, an honest
woman wad live quieter in hell than on
the Hieland Line.
But. from 1916 till 1850 there was no
battle worth naming on the soil of Eu-
rope or the United States. The fights
in the Crimea and in north Italy were
brief and confined to a narrow space.
Even the war of 1866 between Prussia
and Austria was over in less than two
months. The war of Germany with
France did not last a year. By far the
most terrible war since Napoleon was
our own civil conflict.
It may be said that in every war in
the last century the side of education
won. But the more striking point is
that peace paved the path for pedagogy.
If we personify Pedagogical as a goddess,
she has had a larger sway for fifty
years than her rival Bellona. She has
crowded the cruel Roman goddess from
the seat of power. The hood and cap
and gown have had chance to shine
equal to that of the epaulet and sword.
With this explanation of how leaders
of thought found their opportunity. we
ask: What was the plan of their cam
paign for enlarging the mental territory
of mankind? The answer is, They
turned the efforts of teachers from
treating children and youth as If they
were mere individualistic and psyche
logic entities and have regarded them,
also, as sociologic and economic factors
of community and of mankind.
In troubled times the problem for
most people is simply to exist. Froude
justly extols Julius Caesar because he
constructed some ordered system of
government under which quiet men
could live and labor and eat the fruits
of their industry" This was better
than the preceding anarchy.
But the half century now closing, pre-
coded by generation of emphatic peace
in Europe, gave the altruism of ma
lions an opportunity. That altrufsm
was latent as a vital power in number
less men, whose forefathers had honest
ly admired and desired to initiate the
great teacher Christ.
What were some of the results?
illustrate what occurred in America by
the following diagram, which shows
what schools were existant in this coun-
try in the year 1860. I represent the
schools as halls on either side of a cor
ridor, or, if any one prefers, as floors
of building either side of dividing
shaft. On the left hand have named
every kind of school which, according
to the census, made any showing fifty
years ago. 1t is just possible that some
other forms of schools that exist now
had a few specimens in embryo that
were not catalogued in the census of
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1910-01-01
BY DIR. HEN

BY DIR. HENRY M. MacCRACKEN,
Chancellor New York University.
n MONG the greatest nations Of the
~ world in the last half century,
- - America is the only one that has
increased her population three
fold. By the census of 1860 we had
31,OOO,0OO souls. The census of 1910
will, according to experts, exceed 3d.
100000 upon the continent alone
America is the youngest of all the great
nations. She is also the least hampered
by traditions.
Because of these three facts, to which
others of like tendency might be added,
America should be expected to show a
greater contrast than any other nation
between her schools in the year 1859
and those existing in this year of grace,
1903. Or perhaps it were better to
study the contrast between the census
year 1860 and the coming census year
1910. 1t is quite possible at this time
to anticipate with sufficient accuracy
the figures to be written down twelve
months hence.
The total of persons attending schools
of every kind in 1860 was 5,417, $50.
The total of attendance at this time,
according to the estimate of the United
States Commissioner, reaches 1S,OOO,-
OOO. The total expenditure for schools,
according to the census of 1860, was
$33, 900, 4S2. The total expenditure for
the present year, according to the au-
thority named above, is over $500 OO0,-
000, excluding all outlays for new
buildings. Thus the school attendance
has grown by a little over 81 times.
while the expenditure has multiplied
more than tenfold.
Americans are losing interest in the
mere multiplication of size. We SYM
pathize with DR.. Samuel Johnson when
he pooh-poohed the extravagant praise
of Swift's Brobdignags in g Gulliver's
Travels and said: When once he had
thought of big men, it was very easy to
do all the rest Let the question of
bigness go. 1t is far more interesting
to inquire what changes have occurred
in educational thought or in the attitude
of the wisest teachers toward the train
ing of children and of youth. Here we
find ourselves more nearly like the rest
Of the world. We are quite as far from
being unique in our making progress in
pedagogy the past fifty years as we are
in our investigation of the powers of in
animate nature or in our subduing ma
ture to the use of man.
The great fact in history that was
necessary to the fifty years progress
was the comparative cessa ton of war
after Waterloo. in 1915, until to-day. In
previous centuries school teachers in
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1910-01-01

for mental and moral activity induces
Tolerant and sympathetic view of human
frailty and perversion. Persons of the
highest intelligence are more anxious 10
help the weak than to condemn the err
ring. They are animated by passion
ate wish to prevent the undue growth of
the social ills to which the individual is
liable to fall victim, and to alleviate the
rescue. What can be more noteworthy
than the disposition of men of large
wealth to give of their abundance for the
uplift of their less fortunate fellows, and
to apply to their benevolence the practi-
cal wisdom acquired in successful bust
ness career, thus demonstrating the fun
damental harmony between the decalogue
and the multiplication table?
The manifestations of this essentially
scientific spirit are the ripest, finest
fruit of Christianity.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1910-01-01
Yes, But Is It a Better World?
The Historian Who Wrote The Story
Of France" Seriously Doubts It.

ligion- 1t seems to me that this is in
disputably true; but does the man who
loses his faith in Christianity become
better man on that account? Is the
SCORING son or grandson of the New
England Puritan a higher, nobler type
than was his pious forefather? Is the
preachers son who is an infidel a more
useful citizen than the preacher father?
Again, are we an honester more tenn
perate people than were the Americans
of fifty years ago? What is the exact
social and moral significance of the
fifty or sixty thousand divorces that
are being granted by the courts an
nually? What weight is to be given to
the fact that President Roosevelt ap.
pointed a commission to investigate ex-
listing conditions in the homes of the
people of the cities, and that this re-
port, officially made after painstaking
investigation, revealed such an ap-
palling state of affairs that the Governs
ment decided it would be advisable to
suppress the publication?
Again, what is the real meaning OF
the astounding size of our yearly drink
bill? And what is implied by the in
finite variety and ingenuity of the de-
vices invented to keep us from stealing
from one another? Every time you go
into a store you are bound to be re-
minded of the fact that the proprietor
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1910-01-01

tons were really composed fifty years
ago or not.
By this I mean that many so-called
novelties are by Chopin, without hav-
ing been composed by him, which is
rather fortunate for Chopin's reputa-
ton. Similarly we are still being fed
on Wagner. List, Brahms, Verdi.
There is apparently no limit to the
supply of blotting paper used by them.
And there I am at lasti l believe
too firmly in the phylogenetic method
of observation, as against the photo
graphic method of computing aesthetic
results by quantity, volume, surface,
and eXternals to be of any assistance
to you in proving your point. The fifty
years from 1000 to 1850 were revolu-
tionary in your sense; those from 1893
to 1909 were not. Thus. while faces
have changed during the last fifty
years, the face of the musical world
has not, and most assuredly in music
the world has not been remade within
fifty, even though that be true, which
doubt, in all other respects.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1910-01-01
David Bispham' $ View.


EFTY years ago the great music of
the world had already been written.
including the works of Wagner"
said David Bispham in reviewing the
history OF music in the past fifty
years. mot all of it had been
produced. but, speaking broadly, it was
then in existence. The music OF the past
fifty years is largely copy and renasn
of the great compositions which have gone
before. 1t has not been a great creative
period as was the one which 1mmedlately
preceded it.
a steadily increasing demand for GOOD
music The cultivated people of both
continents are paying an immense amount
isfied only with the best. This demand
is perhaps greater than ever before m
musical history. You see evidences Of
number of orchestras now playing evil
dences the very general, the almost UNI
versal nature of our musical taste. we
see evidences of it in the demand for
gifted soloists of all kinds. There IS
again the enthusiastic patronage of what
we may call grand opera. o,,oa,,+
of the great Renaissance in musical art
which is now going forward. | entertain ia n
movement. I believe that it has only be-
gun and that we are moving rapidly to
new conquests of the world of harmony.
artistic life of the nation? Rome was
not built in day. The Italian Renais-
sarce was a slow evolution
in nth this direction efey Believe that good
mpsie should be heard ;d d in the p1bl to
Europe and America. Incidentally the
appearance of the marvellous mechanical
devices are of great assistance. Proper,
this is, of course, a factor in the musical
world unknown to a few before our day.