The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1910-05-31

%. ION IAN We Build Up North
az ana addressed himself ia
man sto arsumeht. illustrated bv
many stories and examples in -
por' OF TWO propositions as follows.
So, Two Great Truths.
. oeEe!op our State We must do
Heiop the intelligence and at6-
Ia OF u average population
SIT - material of the
otate-mlnera1s, soils. forests u-atar
powers, climate or what-not-are al
uabie or worthless in proportion to r.
intelligence. enargv
ana chafacter-of our average citizen
secondly, not only is every natura1
.ssouIce valuable only and exactly in
proportion to the intelligence and eff
clency Of the average man u-ho bas
10 40 with 1t. but the prosperity of
eFery individual man is measured nv
the prosperity and fhciency-that i
TO say, the intelligence, energy and
tilafacteI-ot the average man in the
community.
NO matter hat trade. business or
profession you may follow YOU pros
per Just In proportion to the intelli-
gence and wealth of the average man
With whom YOU have to deal. In other
words, not only does the opportunity
Of the State as an organization and
Of society as a whole depend on the
prosperity of the average man. but
the prosperity OF every trade art. and
craft in the community and the pros
perity OF every individual in the com
munity. from the boy on the street
who blacks your shoes to the master
mlnd who organizes your railway sys-
TENS or governs your State the pros
Eerity Of every individual, ] say. de-
penos upon the prosperity and there
fore upon the efficiency of the average
man"
Education and Immigration the States
Greatest Needs.
And now for the practical appli-
cation Of al that I have been saying
MIR. Poe continued. My r has
been to convince you of Just one great
fundamental truth, namely. that the
welfare of every worthy interest, in
dustry and individual in the State Of
North Carolina depends upon the eff
cheney of the average citizen.
And the one great question for us,
therefore, is simply this. How can
we raise this average of efficiency?
1T seems to me that there are just
two way % Education for the de-
velopment of our own people, and CO
immigration bringing efficient people
from other sections. And of these
two ways, incomparably the greatest
IS education.
AS yet we but see through a glass
daTkty as TO what education is really
going TO mean these next % years, and
from them on in ~auickeninc the indus
trial efficiency Of the people. Not
onIv shall we have longer terms and
better grading and all that, but for
The first time the schools are begin
Ming to train for actual life. Here is
the South for example, always rural
ana destined to remain so, the one
section Of America Of which it Is true
that there are more people engaged
in agriculture than in all other occu-
p~ations combined, and yet until now
our entire school system has been
hacked and hewed to fit the Pro
crustean bed of the urban model.
Made by city people for city people,
the books and teaching have no been
adapted to the needs Of the country
children. We shall take a long step
forward when the farm boy has pro
~portionately fewer problems in arith-
metic bou foreign exchange and latl-
tude and the metric system Of weights
and measures, and more about how 10
calculate a feeding ration for COWS or
a fertilizer formula from certain
quantities of potash, p~hosphorlc acld
and nitrogen, AMI when he studies
proportionately less about far-aWay
Australia and karnachdtka, and more
about the soil that he walks over ana
ploNS in every day of his me ana
girls both in town and country must
learn OF food values, of the chemistry
! Of cooking, of hygiene and OF santa
ton. Domestic science for the girls
must go side by side With agricul-
ture for the boys.
Take our physiology as another
example. Scientists tell US now that
every third death among US is the
result Of an unnecessary disease, every
third case Of sickness unnecessary,
and that the average human lie
might be heightened one-third by
proper application of the principles OF
| sanitation and hygiene. And yet IN
stead of practical instructions FOR
| batting disease and preserving
health, we learn how many bones
there are in the skeleton and about
the difference between arteries ana
veins. The makers of our text BOOKS
have seemed to shy at useful acts
like a new horse at road engine, II
is well that the school should teach
much about Greek roots and Iaun
cots h,t NOT well that it should not