davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1910-06-26

deny even ths oEisasncs a. muAAsr. and yea
turns olt aomshoW % b Interested only
In the prsssrvatiOu II physical health and
% forth.
In the realm % muulc nothing could
b conceived more Roussoaulstic than
Wagnors theory Of opera According 10
Rousseau language and music were prim-
itsvely oue. and this primitive speech cong
was at the same time poetry. Like Rous-
seau and Wordsworth. Wagner Il por-
vadod BY tho fear Of tho meddling intellect
a. being fatal 20 npontanoity. Goethe
says that therO Are but tgo legitimate
kinds Of muaic. the kind that impola you
10 dance and the kind that inspires you 70
pray. What tho modern symbolists and
decadents have admired In Wagner On
the other hand 10 q mixture Of the sacred
and proiano elomenta. what ons Of them
has termed a 'vOluptuous roliEiOaity.'
But Prof. Rabbit d prepared 70 admit
that certain vAristiss Of romanticists are
as different from other varieties az an
ostrich from a wren. and he lnaists upon
thsse didsrunoes In much detail in the
interest Of bic subject.
The San Francisco call., 1910-07-10

lection in the neighborhood of the res
ervoirs is of the very highest import
ance
All of thse refugees for the birds
were provided during the two admin
istrations of President Roosevelt In
future years. 1t is safe to predict, this
fact will be recalled as constituting
not the least OF his claims to grateful
remembrance. No bird reserves have
yet been set aside during President
Taft's administration. Nevertheless,
some time when the benefits and ad-
vantages of those now in existence be-
come more apparent and their utility
better understood by the public at
large it is inevitable that the number
will be largely increased and there
will be an insistent demand that con-
gress make adequate provision for
their maintenance and custodianship.
BY far the largest of the bird re-
serves is the delta of the Yukon river.
Fire island, as the main body of the
delta lands Is called. is about as large
as the entire state of Massachusetts.
1t is vast breeding ground for wild
ducks. wild geese and other water
fowl. Incidentally. moose and other
mammals of the far north are afforded
The San Francisco call., 1910-07-10

little effect. Even since the proclama-
tion of the bird reserve an American
war vessel captured a band OF Japanese
poachers with vast quantity of skins.
estimated to represent the slaughter OF
a thousand million birds. One small
speck of an island, rarely visited by
the whites or by the native Hawaiians,
was found to be yielding to Japanese
plume hunters for the Partisan trade
no less than half a million skins an
nually. This slaughter has not been
entirely stopped. but it is believed that
it has been materially lessened-
The establishment or these bird re-
serves must be credited to the efforts
of the Audubon societies. seconded by
the foresight Of President Roosevelt.
That the Audubon societies have been
able to accomplish so much with the
scanty funds at their command is truly
amazing. Each bird reserve is in
charge of a warden, who is an officer
of the United States government, al
though the salary he receives from the
public treasury is purely nominal, in
some cases but 81 a month. His wages
are paid by the Audubon societies. but
he gets his authority from the govern
ment and is thus in position TO protect
his. feathered charges from pOachers
and hunters. 1t would appear that the
government Of the United States is big
enough and rich enough to pay the
salaries of its own officials. particularly
when they are engaged in a work so
necessary as the protection OF mans
feathered friends 1t is claimed by
some authorities that if wild birds were
exterminated, within seven years in
sects and worms would multiply TO
such an extent that all vegetation
would be destroyed and human life
would be impossible. So it would ap-
pear that the burden laid upon a few
private citizens constituting the Au-
dubon societies of providing for the
custodianship Of the national bird re-
serves is really national disgrace
Our legislative solons have often en-
ployed their time to worse advantage
than they would be doing were they to
give proper consideration to the status
of the bird reserves, and they quite
frequently put the public funds TO
worse uses than would be the case were
they to enact needed laws for the
The San Francisco call., 1910-07-10

leans, terms. gulls. auks and other
birds seen SO abundantly along the
sea coasts are of little value and that
their determination would be only a
sentimental loss. In reality they are
of very great economic Importance as
the universal scavengers of our coasts.
It Is not improbable that their exter-
mination, or a very great reduction in
their numbers, would be followed by
fishing villages and other points along
our coasts. Invariably they collect in
greatest abundance just where they
are most needed-that Is, where offal
and refuse (their food supply are
most abundant Thirty-f1ve miles west
of San Francisco are the Farallon ISL
ands, proclaimed a bird reserve Feb
ruary 27, 1909. They are the breeding
place for pigeons, gulls, auks, petrels,
murres, cormorants and puf1ns. Prior
to the presidents proclamation more
than a million eggs were taken from
the islands every season by the Greeks
and Italians of San Francisco.
In August. 1908, the Key West reser-
walton was set aside for bird protec-
ton, including the Marquesas keys and
numerous other small islands south of
The San Francisco call., 1910-07-10

Florida. Pelican island (the nrst of
the bird reserves to be established).
Passage key, Indian key. Mosquito in
let and Island bay, all off the coast Of
Florida, and Breton islands, Tern
islands, She'll keys and East Timbalier
island, south of Louisiana. are impor-
tant as secure refugees for millions Of
egrets. cormorants. herons. terms. peli-
cans, gulls and other waterfowl of the
gulf coast.
Laysan island is one of the most i'm
portant of the bird reserves. 1t is in
the extreme west of the Hawaiian
archipelago and is the worlds greatest
resort for the albatross and is fire.
quented by numerous other birds Of
the seas. For years Japanese plume
hunters have slaughtered the birds in
incredible numbers, shipping the wings
The San Francisco call., 1910-07-10
TO KEEP POLLY HAPPY

N ARROTS, always popular, are now
Dquite the rage, and any girl acqufr-
Ing one for the first time will find
him most interesting pet. Mr.. Poll
need not screech or be otherwise objec-
tionable to those who do not admire
him, and indeed never will be noisy
unless he is unhappy because hungry.
thirsty, i'll or lonely.
Under any of these conditions we
humans cry out until relieved. and
Polly will do the same. He is a most
sociable fellow and though sometimes
a great talker he is a good listener as
The San Francisco call., 1910-07-10

well, cooking his little head on one
side when conversed with. and seeming
to take 1t all in in a most intelligent
and often most comical way. II left
too much alone he gets very unhappy
and mopes so that unless you UNDER
stood the cause you might think him
seriously H.
Music in any form he adores and II
will always brighten him when he Is
grumpy. Another of his peculiarities is
that he dislikes to be disturbed when
asleep. and as, like humans, he fs sus-
ceptible to drafts when slumbering
1T is wise as well as kind to cover his
cage at night with a cloth.
The San Francisco call., 1910-07-10
By John L. Cowan

T less known and less talked about
than game preserves, the bird re-
serves are of greater economic i'm
portance to the people OF the United
States, and viii doubtless be productive
Of results more plainly beneficial. There
are now 81 Of these reservations for the
D., protection Of native wild birds Of all
species. Many Of these are rocky or
sandy islands; some are nothing but
marshes and half submerged delta
lands and some are lakes and irriga-
tiOn reservoirs, with the lands bor-
dering them None are Of present or
prospective value for agriculture, so
that the most captious fault finder can
hardly invent a reason for objecting TO
their permanent reservation for the
useful purpose that was in view when
they were set aside by executive proc
lamation.
Florida leads IN the number Of bird
sanctuaries with ten, and Washington
comes second with eight. Alaska has
six, Louisiana four, oregon and wyom-
ing three each; North Dakota, Michi-
gan, California, Idaho and New Mexico
two each, and South Dakota, Utah. Ari-
zona. Montana, Porto Rico and Hawaii
one each. This makes just half a hun
dred, the hfty-first. known as the
klamath Lake reserve, being partly in
oregon and partly in California
That these reserves have been set
aside as breeding places and secure
refugees for mans feathered friends
may be attributed, first to. the activi-
ties Of the National Association of Au-
ldubon Societies, and. second, to the en-
thusissm witip which Theodore Roose-
welt, when president, came 30 the res
cue OF the birds with executive proc
lamations setting aside these reserva-
tions. There has been criticism and
fault finding with regard to the forest
reserves established during President
Roosevelts administration; but no
WORD has been heard IN condemnation
Of the policy that dictated the estab-
Iishment of the bird reserves. except
ing from plume hunters and milIiners.
The principal cause for regret seems to
be that such action was not taken many
wears sooner. IT came too late to save
from extinction the snowy heron of
the Pacific coast, the Labrador duck
that used to migrate back and forth
between it's northern breeding places
and its winter resort in the South At
lantic states IN countless numbers; the
passenger pigeon that used TO roost in
places in the northern states in such
prodigious masses that forest trees
were broken down by their weight; the
heath hen Of Martha's vineyard; the
parrakeet of the Carolinas; the masked
quail of the southwest; the whooping
crane, the trumpeter swan and the
ivory billed woodpecker. These are
native wild birds of North America that
few of us will ever see alive.
But If the establishment Of bird sane
tuaries came too lates TO have some
species. it was probably in time TO save
from annihilation the elder duck, the
terms. peIicans, mangaser. skinner and
The San Francisco call., 1910-07-10

wood duck. AS it is. these birds, to-
gether with gulls, grebes, wild ducks,
wild geese and many others, are multi
plying rapidly in numbers on the bird
preserves, although hunted as remorse-
lessly as ever elsewhere. More refugees
are badly needed, and there is an ur-
gent necessity that the states and terri
tories that have no laws for the pro-
lection of nongame birds should pass
such legislation Immediately. These
states and territories are Idaho, Mon
tana, North Dakota, Nevada, Utah, Ne
braska, Kansas. Oklahoma. Arizona and
New Mexico. With these exceptions
the states have all adopted the Audubon
law for the protection of nongame
birds. On the whole, while there is still
plenty of room for Improvement the
outlook for the birds is brighter now
than it has ever been since that most
merciless of all tyrants, fashion, de-
creed the slaughter of every winged
creature that gladdened the eye with
beautiful plumage.
Inc nAcL VI thS DlIQ re-
serves was Pelican island, on the east
Florida coast. established by executive
proclamation March Il. 1903. The Breton
island reserve, southeast of Louisiana.
was set aside October 4, 1904. and in
1905 four reserves were created by
proclamation of the fredericksburg
lake, North Dakota; Huron island and
Siskiwit island, both in Lake Superior,
belonging to Michigan, and Passage
key in Tampa bay, Florida The year
1906 was an inactive one, only one bird
reserve being proclaimed. Indian key.
Tampa bay, Florida. but this was made
up for in 1907, with total Of seven.
The next year was still better, with IL,
and 1909 was the banner year of all, 26
bird reserves being set aside. including
those in Alaska, Porte Rico and Hawaii
and several large irrigation projects in
Wyoming, South Dakota, Arizona, New
Mexico and Idaho. The national re-
clamation service by the making of
great artificial lakes in which water is
impounded for irrigation purposes, has
produced ideal conditions for the nat
ural breeding of water fowl and many
other migratory birds. so that bird pro-
The San Francisco call., 1910-07-10

protection by the terms of the presi-
dents proclamation. In spite of the
fact that this is an island it has long
been the favorite breeding place of the
rapidly disappearing Alaska moose.
which swim across from the mainland
in order to take care of themselves.
But although safe from four footed
foes the moose were far from safe
from human hunters until after the
proclamation of the Yukon delta bird
reserve, with incidental protection for
mammals.
Walrus and otter islands in the
Pribiloff reserve, in Bering sea, are
favorite breeding places of the horned
puffins, gulls and other water fowl In
evitably the egg hunters and feather
hunters found them out and carried
off the eggs literally by the ton, also
slaughtering tens Of thousands of the
birds. The Bering, Tuxedni, ST. Laza-
ria and Bogoslof reserves are the four
other bird refugees of the far north, and
are the nesting ground of millions of
cormorants, auks gulls and other wa
ter fowl Many people think that pei
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1910-09-05
MORGTES.

A wave of homicidal, accidental and suicidal
deaths calling for coroner's inquests calls atten-
ton to glaring oversight in city equipment. A
-morgue is not pleasant subject but it is a
necessary adjunct to city life. Because Rich
mond has in spite of its growth felt little neces
sity for such an institution is no reason why it
should not prepare to meet the exceptional case.
In any city as large as this, there are certain
to arise cases of deaths of temporarily unknown
persons In such contingencies there is now open
no method of disposition of their bodies except
burial at the public expense. Because no relative
is in sight to care for the remains of these u1l-
fortunates, they cannot be cared for at undertak-
ing establishments. When these relatives are fin
ally communicated WITH it is cruel addition to
their grief 10 learn that the dead has been buried
in pauper,s grave. Only recently an unknown
man who met violent death was buried by the
city, his relatives being located the day after
wards.
As we say, this is an unpleasant subject. We
do not know why anyone should wish to kill any
one else in Richmond, and it is even more in
comprehensive why anyone should desire to kill
himself in this community. The natural and
dignifed way to die in Richmond or elsewhere
in the South is in old age, honored loved and re-
spected by large family connection, Most Of
our deaths eventuate in this manner, softening
the inevitable griefs that they leave with fragrant
memories. In a city, however, there are many
men of many minds, and some so nearly bereft Of
any mind at all to lay violent hands to the
riddle of existence. To the bodies of these mis-
guided ones persisted in strange land the city
owes the duty of temporary care until such time
as they may gain proper sepluchre.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1910-09-05

Louisiana Legislature elected his successor
Governor Sanders. After the adjournment OF the
body, number of interests behind the Panama
Canal Exposition project for New Orleans made
to the Governor the remarkable proposal that he
resign as Senator in order to lend his influence
the better to the work of making the exposition
certain More remarkable still, Governor San
ders viewed the proposal with favor and sending
IN his resignation presumably to himself as Gov-
ernor), still further exercised his dual qualities
and, as Governor appointed as his successor as
Senator Judge j. r. Thornton.
Owing TO the fact that at the time OF his resg-
nation as Senator, the Governor stated that he
would again be candidate for the office, and In
view of the further fact that the labors for the
exposition are stated 10 be encouragement to the
people Of the State to vote bond issue of sew
eral millions in its aid there is sharp division
OF opinion upon the Governors action. 1t is con-
tended on the one hand that he has made heroic
sacrifice of personal ambition; on the other that
he is engaged in perpetuating the power of ''po-
litica ring. But however that may be, the consti-
tutiona aspect of the case is distinctly interest
ing. Is Judge Thornton Senator and has Cover
nor Sanders ever been Senator! If he was Sena-
tor how could he mail his resignation to himself
as Governor and then appoint his successor! 1t
he not Senator. how could he resign a some
thing he did not possess
The only precedent at all in line is that of
Quay who, resigning when the Legislature was in
session, was appointed Senator after the Legisla-
toure had adjourned without having elected his
successor In that case it was decided that the
power given the Governor to appoint a Senator
upon he happening of vacancy by reason of
res gnaton otherwise, during the recess of the
Legislature of any State" was strictly limited to
appointment, to Eli vacancies occurring during
such recesses
If this precedent shall hold it would seem that
the appointment of Judge Thornton is a nullity
whether Governor Sanders election by the Legis-
atue made him Senator at once or on V made
him Senator when he should have taken the oath
Of office. In the first case if he is Senator, he
cannot be Governor, and therefore had no power
TO appoint a successor to a vacant Senatorship in
the second place the appointment, under the Quay
precedent. would seem to he void, snice it would
he to fill vacancy occurring during session. in
stead of a recess, of the Legislature. -
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1910-09-05
AGAIN up TO TAFT"
position.

In one respect, at least, President Taft has
made good" He has shone as a competent picker
of judicial timber. In this one respect he over
shadows practically, as we'll as theoretically his
successor. Just now there is another and the
most important appointment to be made-that
of Chief Justice of the Supreme Cortland
another appointment pending. II Is to be in
every sense regretted that. at the moment Of such
decision, the President should apparently be in
panic. 1t is to be hoped that in this one parti
cular in which he has shown strength he will re-
main strong.
In the physiological condition IN which he
now finds himself. what will be the effect upon
the Presidential mind of the recent Roosevelt de-
nunciation of the court and its tendencies Taft
is so evidently attempting to placate his former
friend that the danger is very real one. Will
he yield himself subconsciously to the influence
of the virile personality who has succeeded in pri
ate life i'll throwing the President in the
shadow! Or lawyer proud OF the traditions
of his profession and of the Court which has so
long illustrated its basic incorruptibility will he
be strong enough to put aside the insidous weak
ness that SO evidently bids him to seek to avoid
giving ofense to the man Of the moment?
The appointment of Hughes. just after he had
gone on record as holding an opinion contrary to
the President upon the income tax amendment,
shows that, so far his conception of judicial
fitness is concerned, the President is naturally
of broad and impartial mind. Can he hold this
quality that he exercised against his own personal
opinion against the opinion of man to whom
the law and the courts represent little save ir-
ritatng drags on the execution of personal
power9
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1910-09-05
TAFT ON CONSERVATION.

President Taft on conservation has an ency-
clopedic virtue. He attempts in one speech to
touch upon the entire scheme of dealing by the
central government in the matter of lis public
lands. lie traces the history OF early develop
ments, shows the rapid absorption into private
hands of all except zoe, 100000 acres of a nation
al estate of one and three quarter billion acres,
refers generally to the problems now facing the
government i'll the protection OF mineral lands,
water sites and the vast domain of public lands
IN Alaska. lie discusses irrigation, forest pre-
servallon, water powers. A student OF the ques-
ton Of conservation, having already an opinion,
could not do better than to use the Presidents
speech as reference book for statistics He
could find in it no meat upon which to feed his
understanding and develop his convictions con-
corning the right balance necessary to an appre-
citation of what conservation ought to mean. The
address deals almost entirely with what is left to
be conserved ii is almost bare of vital suggestion
or positive opinion 10 what ought to he done
to attain in justice an end admitted to be just.
In the light of recent events, there is certain
rathos, not to say sort of passive heroism in
the face of certain criticism, in the acknowledge
ment which Taft pays to Roosevelt Conserva-
ton, he says, was left him a heritage by
his predecessor 1t was a valuable heritage. With
an almost too commendable fairness, the Presi-
dent traces and endorses the acts of the EXPIRES
dent. With almost frightened modesty, he
refrains from claiming credit for his own ac-
tions. With a strange return to old canons Of
taste, he refers TO acts which were passed by
& Congress" His address is replete with what
Roosevelt advised what Roosevelt accomplished,
what Congress provided for. The personal pro-
noun is in this long and studied resume diff
fdent and retiring quantity.
All III all, the president has been in this in
stance studious in searching the records, careful
in committing himself, if anything too cautious
lest he state side without stating the other.
He saves himself from further attack while not
at all strengthening his defense to weakening at
tacks already made. In reference to Ballinger
and the Cunningham Alaskan coal claims, the
president steps though he were making trial
by fire over Goals that were burning-as we'll he
might.
Again we would recommend this deliverance
to all who are in need of the statistics upon lands
which may be made the subject of conservation,
and may not. As 10 whether they will be made
such subjects, the deponent from the White
House, after number of thousand words saith
s0t.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1910-09-05
bitually, disregarded in this manner"

btually, disregarded in this manner"
When it is remembered that the arid lands of
the West are irrigated only after they have come
INTO the hands of private owners, and then upon
payment in part by the owners for the benefit, it
is difficult to follow this distinction What does
it matter that the lands originally belong TO the
Government and that their sale is based upon the
promise of irrigation They are for that reason
no longer governmental lands, when irrigated,
and 1t is no less governmental appropriation
hat the improvement of the lands by irrigation
is expected to reimburse the Government by tax
on the profits of those benefited by the system.
When we hear so much of the New National
ism of projects for the regulation of this and
that private enterprise by the Government, when
the States are being firmly invited to stand III
the rear that the Government may 90 forward, 1t
is somewhat tresome to have the ghost of States
Rights dragged out to walk at one moment and
then be permitted to retire to Its grave the next
The South, with its millions on millions of acres
of swamp lands, would count the cost of itself
developing them as nothing could it have again
the measure of independence i'll self government
that it once possessed; but practical matter,
The South is not so blind that it canno. see that
the principle to which it has always remained
true is habitually inerposed to deny It's benefits
and habtually put to sleep to overcome It's OPP
position.