The new era., 1910-10-20

VI 6O d4lCA tAc AeAI oOAtOA A1AOVCu
to ST. Louis. where he opened law
office in connection with q newspaper
of which he became editor. He be-
came prominent at once in the discus
sion of public questions, and took
leading part in securing the admis-
sion Of Missouri into the union. Aft
or five years residence in Missouri
he was elected by the legislature one
of the states flrst two United States
senators.
Declined Money Profit from Public
Service.
Immediately upon his election. with
scrupulous regard for his ohicial In
tegrity, Benton called all of his clients
to his office and told them that he
could not further serve them, as there
might be a conflict between their in
terest and the public welfare. For
some of his clients he had litigation
over land grants, and as senator he
was in position. through the enact
ment Of laws, to make them and him
self wealthy In the settlement Of dis
puted titles. He refused even to REQ
ommend an attorney to them, lest this
might embarrass him in his public
duty His idea of public ONCE
was that an official had no more right
to use his public functions to aid per-
sonal friends or to advance his own
fortune than he would have to put his
hand into the public treasury and take
money therefrom to pay private
debt Through all his official career
Denton uoe tr,o IN fhfo idool opd u,oa
incorruptible and above reproach from
any venal standpoint.
champIoned "MissourI Compromise"
Benton's career Of constructive
craftsmanship was the greatest Mis-
souri, or the west has produced. He
came upon the stage Of public activity
with the enactment OF the Missouri
compromise, which was largely his
work. He left public life coincident
with the repeal of that measure.
Under this compromise Missouri was
was some years later before the state
was formally recognized) as slave
state. with the provision that no state
created out of the Louisiana purchase.
north Of the southern boundary Of
Missouri, should be admitted with
slavery. 1t hushed slavery agitation
for q decade, and any attack upon It
for time was resisted by south as
well as north. Benton was 80 years
old when he took his seat and had
lived exactly half the years given to
him. Monroe was Just beginning his
second term as president. Calhoun was
secretary Of war. Henry Clay was
speaker of the house of representa-
tives. In the next presidential con-
test Benton supported Clay against
Jackson, but ever after that he was
Clay's political enemy and Jackson's
warmest and strongest supporter.
Father Of Homestead Law.
To Benton more than any other man
is due the fact that there is no from
tier in the United States today What
mountains fifty years ago is now set
tied by happy and prosperous men
and women by reason of his effort In
securing the enactment of the home
stead law. Benton established the pol
icy of selling public land at a maxi
mum OF $1.25 an acre, giving prefer
ence to actual settlers and securing to
settlers the right Of preemption. This
made settlement easy and streams OF
sturdy men and women began at once
to move westward.
Benton looked into the future fur
ther than any other statesman Of his
time. In answer to the taunts that the
western country, particularly Oregon.
would never be anything more than
hunting ground, he prophesied that
the time would come when there
would be more people west of the
Rockies than east. He advocated the
construction of military road to New
Mexico, and was SO earnest in his sup
port OF the idea Of transcontfnental
railroad that his enemies charged him
with being mentally unbalanced on the
subject, and even his friends feared
he was too enthusiastic. In one of his
first speeches he prophesied that the
Pacific coast would soon become the
door of Asia and advised sending min
listers to China and Japan-a proposal
at that time considered extremely hu-
morous.
Brought About Specie Payments.
1t was through Benton's effort that
specie payments we're established and
that all our money became based on
gold and silver So earnest was he in
the demand for a specie basis that he
was nicknamed "Old Bullion" of
which he became very proud, and in
his speeches often referred to himself
by that term He was at first inclined ,
to favor protective tariff system, but |
later strongly opposed protection
merely for the sake of protection. He
stated his position thus: The fine ef-
fects OF the tariff upon the prosperity |
Of the west have been celebrated on
this floor. With how much reason let |
facts respond and people Judge. do
MT think we are indebted to the high |