davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1910-10-22

For number Of ye,rs we have
grown this valuable species Of decid-
ious tree from the seed gathered from
our matured trees and we do It easily.
After the leaves have dropped we
gather the long spike-like pods from
our catalpas and separate the seeds
which are dried out and stored away
with our other farm seeds. In early
spring when we plant our dwarf peas
In the garden we scatter the catalpa
seeds into the trenches with the seed
peas. :.
About the time the peas are gone
the little catalpa plants come up nicely
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1910-10-22
WINTER CIR Tvs VS.. WEEDS.

Winter rye and winter wheat are
good \ eed erad.cators. These grains
make good fall pasturage for sheep or
cattle. In the spring they make an
early ! ,avy growth, so that weeds are
smothered. Ripening earlier than
wild oats. mustard, ETC., these crops
thereby help greatly il the eradication
Of weeds. These grains ripen earlier
than spring sown crops, and their
yield is usually good. Winter rye will
stand being pastured better than win
ter wheat. It Is not advisable to pas
ture winter wheat In the fall, II It is
to be left for crop the following
year. There is little danger Of pas
turing winter rye too much.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1910-10-22
EDUCATING HOME MAKERS

The work Of home r-aking Is becom-
Ing more and more complicated.
Transportation has developed SO the
housewife has now the foods from all
over the world brought to her door, as
we'll as 1t fabrics. To be able to choose
her food wisely and economically from
such variety and to prepare them In
tho best w.: no simple matter; like
wise to buy cloth from such variety
ana to make 1t into garments In these
sdrys OF endless styles is an accom-
iplishment.
When the farm and garden supplied
the table and the cloth came from the
hand loom, housekeeping could be
learned at home. But at the present
time With the ever widening variety
of foods. Of fabrics. Of utensils, OF APP
plan IS. and ever increasing fund OF
knowledge as to food values, as
to nutrition. as to sanitation. as
to nursing and caro- Of children,
a. to conveniences and appli-
aEces for the home; the homo maker
to make the most Of her home can
make use OF as wide a range Of skill
and Information as any profession re-
qufres. Today three million people
are sick who should not be sick and
half million die every ..-ear who
should not die so soon. Our home
makers. II trained in the knowledge
now available. can prevent much OF
this as well as an almost endless am
cunt OF waste in foods, In clothes. and
In misery and suffering.
The home Is the most vital thidg IN
our rapidly developing country. And
we all come from homes and live In
homes. Why not have them the best ?
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1910-10-22
SAVE MOISTURE INCREASE The CROP
There Is Nothing Ticut About This And in Dry Season
It Makes the Difference Between Crop and No Crop
BY w. G.
BY w. g. Palmer.

to furnish q large Reservoir to take up
the rainfall readily. Shallow blowing
car not take In rain as fast nor rs much
OF 1t as deep blowing. The proof Of
the value Of deep blowing 10 brought
out by the fact that 1t produces larger
yields.
The soil mulch can be produced by
the common harrow. Crops are har-
rowed after they are UP. grain can be
narrowed till I'VE or six inches high.
and some are trying to harrow till It
heads out and with good results. The
narrowing of grain or corn should
only be done on bright sunny days and
not before the sun has been up three
or four hours. The plant when wet
anc in the morning and on cloudy days
is more crisp and breaks up easier
The mulch should be made as soon as
the land Is plowed. II IL Is not. con-
at once. In blowing do not leave the
field before narrowing hat was plow-
ed that half day.
A plow attachment Is now on the
market that loosens up the surface at
the same time the blowing II DONE
Another way is to hitch an extra horse
to a section Of harrow when blowing;
this does it all at one operation too.
In the case Of spring blowing 1t may
be necessary to pack 1t so as to get the
bottom Of furrow slice compact. Fall
blowing should be narrowed as soon
as possible in the spring as moisture
will escape fast from the surface that
has been compacted during the win
ter.
Humus adds greatly to moisture
holding capacity of the soil, acting like
a sponge or plotting paper. The plow-
Inc under Of green crops OF weeds
when green adds humus. Applying
manure Is one OF tho best way Of ad-
ding 1t.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1910-10-22
MAINTENANCE OF
EARTH ROADS.
BY Prof. n. NJ. Dolvc.

Any one who has given the subject
even the most cursory examination
will readily, agree that the prevailing
system Of repairing our earth roads
once year is woefully deficient. Our
system OF maintenance IL at the bot
tom OF most OF our road trouble and
II is useless to expect better roads az
long az 1t remains In vogue. With the
present system our roads deteriorate
to such an extent that all the avail.
able road funds are required % nut
the road back into as good condit!o,
as It was when last repaired. IN this
way our roads remain at a standstill
and no true progress results.
In order to make our roads rood the
greater part OF the year a system OF
continuous maintenance must be
adopted. Many have argued that
every farmer should keep IN repair q
certain definite piece 81 road near his
farm but this system. although often
productive OF q great deal OF good, has
never been entirely successful. Tho
trouble is that the farmer has too
much important private business to
attend to and cannot always give the
road his attention when the condition
OF the road requires It. Thea too this
system sts against the tendency OF tho
times which Is for division Of labor
and intense specialization.
The present day farmer II special.
is. in the true sense OF tho word. He
no longer concerns himself about the
making Of his shoes. llothint. tpo,.
or other equipment: 70 no longer war
ries about the bringing OF his mail and
II time IL coming when he should no
longer bother shout the direct mainte-
nance OF his roads.
The farmers mail IL brought to his
door and he takes II ~ Z matter OF
fact, stopping to consider the system
which brings II there only when the
mail for some reason or other fails 10
appear. Likewise the ideal system OF
road maintenance II one by which the
roads are kept In repair as auto
matically but as surely az the delivery
Of the rural mail.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1910-10-22

Enough Is now known of the prfn-
ciples OF soil moisture conservation
that each one can be In possession Of
the secret. Then again there Is Moth
ing difficult or mysterious about It.
It Is { common knowledge. that any
thing wet dries on being exposed to
the Iir. The housewife makes use Of
this principle in hanging out the
clothes to dry. 5
It IL well known that OIL moves up
thru wick, and that II the wick II cut
the oil cannot pass over the gap
Water will act the same as the oil
and It moves thru the soil in the same
way that It does thru the wick.
Keep in Mad that wet soil exposed
to the air will give up it's moisture to
the air: that water moves from the
wetter portions to the drier soil II the
soil IL compacted. which condition
compares to the lamp wick; a loose
soil compares to the lamp wick that
Is cut and 50 the moisture cannot
move thru It.
q The plant needs the moisture In the
furrow slice az that Is where 1t does
most of its feeding. Notice the plant
growing in the dead flrrow. It has
its roots In the subsoil. The moisture
conditions should be better there than
in the surface soil yet the plant does
not do so well, and due to lack OF
available plant food. This means that
q deep furrow slice will offer more
feeding room for the roots than q
shallow one. The furrow slice should
be packed firm against the bottom 30
&c 70 furnish the means for tho mois-
ture to pass from the sub soil to the
surface soil as the plant needs 1t. To
keep tho moisture from passing to the
surface and evaporating. the surface
coil should be kept lose. condition
Enown as the soil mulch.
Another reason for deep blowing II
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1910-10-22
PROPER RATIoNs FOR DAIRY
COWS.

It has been determined that cows
* on soiling crops alone without pas
ture consume Is to 100 pounds Of
forage day. Here the protein con-
tent Of the forage comes in for cer-
sideration, as dairy COW In full milk
needs nearly two pounds of digestible
protein per day Alfalfa contains 3.9
pounds of protein per hundred
pounds; red clover. 20; oats, 1.s;
sweet corn, 1.5; millet, 2; flint corn. /;
and sorghunn. s. The clover and mill
let furnish enough protein while the
rest are short in that element OF food.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1910-10-22
GROWING cATALPA TREES FROM SEED
Very Good Wind Breaks Be Obtained Quickly
at +
BY GergW Brown
BY George w. Brown.

and by cultivation we can grow them
a foot to eighteen inches the first year
and we then can set them out the fol-
lowing year in q permanent location.
We have hedge o. windbreak
about the west and north sides Of our
orchard grown In this manner. and
besides have many growing alongside
the border fences and roadways,. and
upon our home grounds where they
bloom and are very pretty and orna-
mental the whole year with their
broad attractive leaves and dropping
seed pods foot or more in length.
Some Of our friends have tried the
method Of scattering the seed in the
woodland or planting 1t along the
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1910-10-22

The problem Of getting poultry to
market in first class condition. as de-
termined by its appearance. flavor and
keeping quality" Is no longer the
simple proposition that the farmer or
poultrynaan found 1t ! the days when
cities were smaller and could draw up
on their environs for large share OF
the poultry which they consumed,
At the present time the quantities OF
perishable foodstuffs OF all kinds re-
quired by the cities are so great that
their immediate vicinity cannot supply
the demand. Neither do the various
parts OF the country endeavor at the
present time to supply either the
quantity or the variety Of perishable
foods consumed in them. because eco
nonic conditions have made It advise
able for certain sections Of the country
especially adapted to the production Of
certain kinds OF crops. to raise them
in much larger amounts than are
needed for home consumption and to
send the surplus to the sections where
shortage prevails.
Ouch condition of affairs has led to
the lengthening Of the period between
production and consumption. In order
therefore. that perishable produce
shall reach the market in good con-
dition, 1t must be handled in such
wise that deterioration will b. checked
as IA as possible.
To accomplish this there have been
developed railroad refrigerator cars.
fast freights, cold-storage warehouses
and all that vast and complicated sys-
tenn on which depends the feeding Of
the populace. In spite Of this system,
however. II care OF the product at the
source OF production is lacking. deter
ioration will occur before the product
reaches the consumer.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1910-10-22
BY n. e. Pennington and n. W. Betts.

ptied Of food. the next step in the
dressing Of market poultry is the prop
er killing and bleeding Of the fowl.
very large proportion OF the UNI
slightly poultry in our markets. aside
from the rubbing and tearing OF the
skin. Is caused by an incomplete re-
moval OF the blood Generally the
neck shows most plainly the presence
of blood In the fowl. or that q wrong
method has been used in cutting the
blood vessels in an attempt to empty
them. The neck IL the first part to
di-color, becoming first red. then blu
ish red or purple, and finally green as
colored areas on the sides OF theneck
close to tho head which look like
b. -.ises. These are commonly caused
by the killer holding the neck Of the
bird when cutting the veins, and
thereby preventing the blood from es-'
Gaping.
Aside from the bad appearance In
completely bled chickens. their keep
ing properties are very inferior. The
flesh loses its fimness sooner: its flavor
is not so good. the odor Of stale flesh
and finally Of putrefaction comes
sooner: and In every way the product
is more perishable.
An anatomical study OF the blood
ve1,els Of the head and neck of the
chicken has been included in the In
vestigation Of the handling and mar
keting Of dressed poultry in order to
determine the best methods Of bleed
ing and the reasons for the incom-
.plete bleeding which Is so prevalent.
Heretofore there has been no descrip-
ton available OF the number and loca-
ton of the large veins in the neck Of a
chicken. This lack of knowledge has
resulted in much indiscriminate hack
ing end gashing Of the chickens
mouth, all Of which is frequently done
to no purpose. because in spite of the
many cuts the large veins which carry
the blood often are not touched.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1910-10-22

fence rows where trees are wanted.
but field mice rob the seed and fail
ure results.
The catalpa specosia or tallgrowing
c, .alpa is what we CIV and 1t Is
easily grown from seed after our
method. II we desire few trees Of
this species for planting no easier
method can be employed than to grow
them ourselves from seed gathered
from the true specosia variety. We
are intending next season to grow a
large quantity for planting into a
grove for post timber. as they are val
liable and have out-lasting qualities
above many other varieties OF timber
for this purpoae
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1910-10-22
UNITING BEE COLONIES.

Queenless or very weak colonies
may be united with others by placing
them on top with a newspaper be-
tween, leaving a hole so but one bee at
time can pass from one hive to the
ot:-er. In a week or, two the top hive
may be taken off and stored away
Some hives will be found with more
honey than others. and equalfzing Of
stores may be practiced. taking care
not to move any combs from diseased
colonies or the light hives may be fed
with syrup or liquid honey in q feeder.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1910-10-22

II poultry is to reach the consumer
Wit. the best Of flavor and WHOLESOME
ness. the most attractive appearance,
an III the best possible state Of pres
ervation. It must be pro- erly raised,
killed, and dressed. Grating that the
chicken has been bred and fed to be a
good eating chicken and that 1t is
ready for slaughter. the first step in the
preservation Of its good qualities Is to
starve 1t for twenty-four hours. allow
ing, however, liberal supply Of fresh,
clean water during this period. The
intcstines OF the bird having been en-
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1910-10-22
TO INSURE CROP FAILURE.

The best way to insure crop failure
is grow grain year after year; let tn.
farm get weedy; let the weeds pump
out moisture both when crop Is grow
ing and after 1t is cut: pillow shallow,
and not to harrow right after pIow-
ing and II it is fall blowing not to har-
row early in spring. To make 1t still
more effective do not appN any man
ure or pillow under any green crops
or rotate the crops.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1910-10-22
SCOT FERTTLIzEs FLOWERS.

SCOT is the volatilized. unconsumed
portion OF coal. SCOT from bituminous
coal contains the following elements:
Charcoal. 371 parts in 1000; salts Of
ammonia. 426 parts; salts of potash
and soda, "a; oxide Of iron. so; silica,
65; alumina, 81; sulphate Of lime, 81:
carbonate of magnesia. IS.
1t is an excellent manure when
used in the LIQUID form, in the proper
tic. Of six quarts Of SCOT to one hog
head of rain water. It must never
be applied to plants that are in a
state of rest.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1910-10-22

Poultry house for 40 hens. IA feet
wide. 16 feet long. An feet high at the
back and Z feet high in front. No
openings except In front. Window
frames covered with cloth and hinged
a top so that they may be pushed out
at the bottom. on warm days. A small
slide door at the bottom and center Of
the large door permits the hens to
pass in and out.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1910-10-22

Roosts and Dropping board with
nests underneath. The hens enter the
nests at the back and when on the
nests are in darkness. The top over
the nests is sloping so tfat the hen1
cannot roost on 1t and is hinged so
that the eggs may be easily reached.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1910-10-22

man with a low voice and quiet
manner accomplishes the most work
on farm. and keeps his stock in the
best condition.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1910-10-22

Don't neglect the little things II you
want to be q successful poultry
breeder. The business is made up Of
little details, some of them seemingly
unimportant. and their neglect is sim
ply an invitation to failure to step In
and roEt success.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1910-10-22

cutting vein.
When the feathers are removed by
scalding, the bird is killed by bleeding
alone, hence the cuts to sever the
veins are the only ones attempted. will
IL the attempt falls bad bleeding will
surely result. II. on the other hand
dry picking Is to be practiced. the
birds are cut to bleed and are
also stuck through the brain. to
paralyze the feather muscles. The
latter operation is sometimes performs
ed by running the knife under the eye
at such an angle that It's point will
touch the skull midway between the
eyes and little behind them; or the
Draining is accomplished by placing
the knife about half way down the
groove in the roof OF the chickens
mouth, and then thrusting it up until
the knife reaches the top Of the skull,
The knife, az in Draining under the
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1910-10-22

In the extreme north fruit growers
find that 1t is much better practice to
cultivate the orchards from the Begin
ming to the end Of the season.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1910-10-22

Tho height Is convenient and as tho
opening is on the side there is but
little chance for dirt to fall in. The
seams are all well flushed with solder.
The objection to this pail, IL any, is
the difficulty of seeing that all parts
are clean.
The right hand pail shows a cup
attached for holding the foremilk.
There Is the same objection to this as
the other presents-that is the diff
Guilty of seeing into it to make sure
all parts of the interior are clean.
All pals and utensils with which
milk comes in contact should be
thoroughly washed. rinsed. and steam-
ed or Sterili7ed.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1910-10-22
A FINE HEREFORD STEER.
/, This Hereford weighed 1870 pounds
at 2 years old. When shown at the In
ternational Live Stock Show he only

Homegrown honey is one Of the
greatest luxuries OF farm life. There
should be a few, hives on every farm.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1910-10-22

A careful study Of the Illustrations
herewith shown will enable one to as
certain the exact manner In which
poultry should be bled, and also see
from the examples Of bad cutting Just
hoy not to perform this important
operation.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1910-10-22
CARE Of The HORSES SHOULDERS

BY Observing Few Snpc Precautions the Farmer May
Avoid Loss of Time Expense and Injury to Animals
BY n. Kingnaa
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1910-11-12
NOTICE.

Notice is hereby given by the city
council OF Salt Lake City Of the inten-
tlon os such council TO make the follow
ing described Improvement. to wit.
Extending and laying sewer lateral OF
vitrifod pipe eight go inches in diam
cter In Gregory court, connecting with
The main sewer on state street between
Sixth South and Seventh South streets.
In sewer district No. 2. and defray the
abutters' portion OF the cost and expense
one and 6o-100 (S43l 65) dollars. or 81 loo
$50 e7) dollar per front or linear foot OF
ebutting property. there being AS feet
abutting said improvement. by local
assessment upon the lots or pieces OF
ground within the following described
distrIct being the district 10 be affected
and benefited by said Improvement.
namely:
The south side OF the north SO feet OF
the west 1876 feet: the south side OF the
north l0l feet OF the west 40 feet OF the
east 1875 feet: the north side OF the south
46 feet OF the west 10 feet Of the east
lex feet; and the north sido OF the south
55 feet of the west 1876 feet Of lot 7.
block q, plat A., Salt Lake City survey.
All protests and objections TO the car
rying out of such intention must be pre-
scnted In writing. stating therein lot and
! block or description Of property. to the
citv recorder on or before the 28th day
Of November 1910. being the time set
by said council when II Will hear and
consider such protests and objections as
may be made thereto.
By order OF the city council or Salt
Lake City. Utah.
Dated October 10. 1910.
B.. s. RIvEs. City Recorder
Saver extension No 2S6. tl03S
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1910-11-12
Daniels Theatre Bldg.
ASSESSMENT NO. 1.

The Salt Lake Realty Owners com.
pany, principal place Of business. Sail
Lake City, Utah.
Notice Is hereby given that at a meet
ing OF the board OF directors OF the Sail
Lake Realty Owners company, held or
the nth day OF October 1910, assoss.
nent No ! OF twenty-five cents PET
share VAS levied upon the capital stock
Of the corporation, Issued und outstand
ing. payable Immediately to the secre
tuTy at his office. 900 Soulh Main stree,
Salt Lake City Utah.
Any stock upon which this nsscssmen,
may remain unpaid on Saturday. No
vernbcI ID 1910, will be delinquent and
advertised for sale ot public auction. and
unless payment is made before will be
sold on Monday. the 9Th dav nf Decem
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1910-11-12
.s1ntensely interesting" "historica

"Intensely interesting" "historical
~ correct,' is the verdict Of Utahna
who have read Josiah F., Gibbs's latest
work on the Mormon question. THE
Mountain Meadows Massacre. The
pamphlet Of sixty pages is excellently
Illustrated. with engravings from pho
tographs taken on the scene of the
tragedy. The edition is going rapidly
a, 40c each, two for 75c. three for 81,
elk for $l,50, postpaid.
THE TRIBUNE PUBLISHING CO.,
Salt Lake City, Utah.
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1910-11-12

,urr;.ill & ~ the height of their
B,Nan.,E. they "set aside'' Ere
's,p;ssss SSs aud Bingham as the
licrs s's r And it did the busi.
! icsi,," was no political, CONNER.
Ia Mr. reason why these three
en designated. True. the
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1910-11-12
ACCOUNTS SOLICITED.
National Bank of the Republic

thoroughly modern savings depart
meut conducted In connection with this
bank. Safe deposit boxes for rent. l.. s.
Depository.
Frank Knox. PRESIDENT james A. Muir.
ray, vice president; w, F, Enrls. ca nsher:
e a Culbertso1, assistant cashier,
Capital paid in, 5000, 900 interest paid
on time deposits
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1910-11-12
Valuable Cargo From Japan.

SEATTLE, Wash, Nov 1.-THE cargo
OF the Japanese steamship Inaba Maru
which arrived from Yokohama last night
Is valued at $4,000 600 exceeding in value
that Of any other ship that ever arrived
In the United Statess from the Orient
Raw and manufactured silk. worth ST.
1000. formed the principal part Of the
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1910-11-12

ber. 1910 at IL o'clock noon al tho Sec
rerarys office to pay the delinquent rs.
seesment thereon. together With the costs
VI Advertising and expense OF sale.
]. FRANK JUDGE. Secretary.
First publication. October 10 1910,