davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1910-09-12

Patagonia consists OF plateaus which
form series Of terraces from the
eastern slope of the Andes to the
of tan, single or boulders, and inn
,pregnnted with salts; but portions are
suitable for grazing, and some OF the
valleys of the Andes and near the
coast arc well adapted for wheat
growing
The San Francisco call., 1910-01-16

All aeroplanes may be divided into
two classes, biplanes and monoplanes.
The monoplanes have single horizon
tai spread of canvas wings; the BIZ
planes have one plane superposed above
the other at a height of about five feet.
The Wright brothers, Glenn Curtiss and
Henri Farman machines are biplanes;
the Hubert Latham, Bleriot and Santos
Dumont machines are monoplanes. 1t
is claimed that each type has certain
advantages over the other. though the
biplane enjoys the greater popularity
among aviators at the present. The
double decked machine, having larger
supporting surface, has greater carry
ing capacity; it is as easily steered as
the single decker. and on account of its
bracing can stand strain that the
other can not. The claim is made for
the monoplane that it is naturally the
faster of the two because 1t has less
headon resistance to overcome. 1t is
apparently not as safe as the biplane.
The San Francisco call., 1910-01-16

IT may be said with mucn reason
that to the United States is due the
credit for teaching men how they
may fly through the air. The reali-
zation Of the dream of the centuries
may be traced to the efforts and dis
coveries OF four Americans. That the
problem OF successful fight was not
solved AT least a decade earlier was
due to the fact that two of the inves-
tigators exhausted their funds and their
courage when they were upon the very
eve Of praosieal results, though by rea-
son OF mans very inexperience there
was no way Of knowing at the time how
close they had come. Hiram Maxim,
backed by several wealthy men, began
his experiments at his place near Lon
don in 1888 He was the first man TO
apply the principle Of superposed planes.
a principle used in the successful flying
machines cf every type today. The late
Professor Langley secretary of the
Smithsonian institution, began his ex-
periments On a small scale almost as
carly as did Maxim, and IN 1886 his
model, weighing only 27 pounds and
driven by a one horsepower engine,
made three flights over the Potomac
river. Congress then appropriated $780,
O00 10 enable the inventor to build a
fun sized machine. which did little more
than pitch from its raft into the Poto-
mac. In the light of present day
knowledge there is every reason to be-
ueve that both the Maxim and Langley
machines were built upon practical
lines and that little more money and
perseverance would have seen world
startling flights. Orvipe and Wilbur
Wright, two bicycle makers of Day
ton. O., benefited by the experiments of
MsAim ane Langley in the building and
flying OF giiders, and after three years
practice in the sand dunes Of North
Carolina they put motor upon one of
their gIiders and made the first success
ful man flight with heavier than air
machine in the history of the world.
other Inventors, both in America and
Europe, were soon in the air with ma
chimes more or less resembling the
Wright type. and though today the
Wrights are in sharp contest with
those who came after them the laurels
seemed fixed for all time upon the
brows Of the two modest bicycle build
ers from Ohio.
Advanced students of aeronautics are
agreed that there are but four meth
The San Francisco call., 1910-01-16

weighs 500 pounds and ordinarily can
be driven at about 40 miles an hour
The Curtiss machine of so horsepower
weighs 600 pounds and has made As
miles an hour. Santos-Dumont built
a little 80 horsepower machine and at
tanned a speed which was estimated at
SIS miles an hour. If the rate of i'm
provement continues the mile a minute
gait will soon be common enough How
much or how soon 1t will be exceeded
no informed prophet has dared to say.
The immediate revelations in store
will perhaps concern height rather than
speed Now that any number of ex-
perienced men are willing to trust their
lives to their flying machines, they are
yielding to the inevitable temptation to
see how high they can go. The present
record is close to 1000 feet above the
ground. Several aviators have ex-
ceeded 1,5o0 feet At first it was be-
lieved the only necessity for soaring
to a great height would be for the pur
pose of keeping out of range Of guns
The San Francisco call., 1910-01-16
. MD7Ane on AuS SlezANE.

DDS by which man may hope to lift him
self above the earth as do the birds.
The first of these is by the use of a
bag or envelope filled with gas lighter
than air, equipped with propellers for
sending it forward. Count Zeppelins
great airships. composed of many com
partments each containing a balloon,
represent the most sensational results
obtained by the use of gas.
A second possible method is by the
employment of machine which shall
flap it's wings exactly as a duck does in
flight. A third method involves hense
of revolving screws which lift straight
into the air. No results worth serious
consideration have been accomplished
by either of these methods.
The fourth method is that which en-
cages the close attention of the world
today-the use of an aeroplane that lit
orally skins the air. Flying in an
aeroplane is more hazardous than skat-
ing upon the thinnest ice, for no ice is
as thin as air or less supporting.
An aeroplane must be kept going
so fast that it has no time to
fall. 1t must be propelled through
TO fall. 1t must be propelled through
the air at such speed that the result
ing pressure of air beneath will sus-
tain it. Thus the man flying is really
safest when he seems to be taking the
greatest chances-when he is travel
in of the lfol,ac&
The San Francisco call., 1910-01-16

can be made in any direction, choice
of landing place can be made out
of the total area of 100 square miles
included in circle of IA miles in
diameter. High flying. too. will take
the machine out of the belt of air cur
rents and eddies that follow the con-
tour of the earth's surface.
BIeriot's flight of 81 miles across
the English channel from France to
England filled the English with fear
of a possible invasion from the air
which their peerless navy would be
quite unable to circumvent. London
had visions of the Germans dropping
down upon them from the sky. The
fear seems not well grounded when it
is remembered that a single nying
machine has never carried more than
three men, and that the transportation
of an army would require such flock
of flying machines that their construc-
tion and parking could never be kept
secret. In fact. unless many of the
present attendant dangers of flying
The San Francisco call., 1910-01-16

When man had devised an eeroplane
that could fly, he had yet to learn how
to fly it. He had to go through many
bitter experiences in gaining a work
ing knowledge of that invisible thing,
the air. Flying has already had many
martyrs. The wind is factor which
must constantly be reckoned with. But
even with no perceptible wind the air
is full of surprises. So far man has
usually flown close to the ground, and
only at a height is the air ever really
fixed and stationary. The air currents
follow the contours of the earth's sur
face. The aviator often rises upon an
ascending current of air, sails across
hilltop and comes to the ground rather
Unexpectedly. HIS machine was reg
ulated in accordance with the ascend
ing current, and when he crossed the
hilltop he encountered a descending air
current and came down before he could
readjust.
Waldemar Kaempfert thus describes
the chief difficulties of controlling a
flying machine in the air:
The fragile mechanism of planes.
rudders and propellers with which the
aviator rushes through the air is sub
jected to two forces-the pressure of
the air and its own weight The air
pressure acts upward, and, therefore,
sustains the aeroplane in flight; the
weight of the different parts naturally
acts downward. If the center of air
pressure or upwardly acting force hap
pens to shift to one side of the center
of gravity the machine will capsize and
crash to the ground Why? Be
cause the upwardly acting pressure is
more powerful at high speed than the
downwardly acting weight of the ma
chine. In other words, an aeroplane is
a kind of seesaw subjected to the ac-
tion of two opposing and unequal
forces. The only way to maintain the
seesaw in equilibrium is to bring the
two forces together in the middle so
that they will act, the one upward
and the other downward, through the
same point When the aviator has ac-
complished this feat he has brought the
center of air pressure and the center
of gravity into coincidence Since the
wind, despite its apparent steadiness, is
in reality composed of innumerables
puffs and gusts, currents and counter
currents, the center of air pressure is
constantly shifting. which renders the
feat of balancing extremely difficult.
The San Francisco call., 1910-01-16

IL order to bring the wandering CEN
ter of air pressure back into coinci-
dence with the center of gravity the
Wright brothers have devised method
of warping or bending the outer end
of the planes. The same balancing
effect is obtained by hinging fiat sur
faces or tips to the outer ends of the
planes and swinging them up or
down as the exigencies of the mo-
ment may require. The French call
these hinged tips allerons. In the
later Glenn Curtiss machines the all
erons are removed entirely from the
ends Of the main planes and hung be-
tween them
The Wright biplanes have frequently
carried passenger in addition to the
aviator, and in France several of the
machines have made extended and sue
cessful flights while carrying three
persons. The weights of machines
differ, and the question of which
builders machine is actually the faster
has hardly been settled. In contests
the Wright machines have several
times been handicapped and placed at
great disadvantages by the fact that
their drivers used none of the skill
with which the inventors handle them
The Wright machine of 80 horsepower
The San Francisco call., 1910-01-16
ESCNT VIEW o. THE ZAIEST
.THHE OF NCIS,iW BIeZAME

ne- across the country from Toury to
Artenay and back. a distance of ia
miles.
The year 1909 was to see all previ-
Gus records utterly ecIipsed. On July
80 Orville Wright successfully COM
pleted the governments test at Fort
Myer by making cross country flight
of 10 miles with a passenger aboard
at an average of speed of 42.5s miles
per hour. The machine was accepted
by the government and the Wrights
were paid $50. 900 for 1t. The most
sensational event OF the year was
Bleriot's crossing of the channel on
July 25 IN his monoplane.
The great aviation meet at Rheims
began on August %, and Immediately
the world was shown how great an
advance had been made in human flight.
Thirty-eight aerop1anes were entered.
and 36 of them made successful flights
Biplanes and monOplaneS were about
equally ~divided. Curtiss represented
America in his light, swift biplane.
As many as FIVE aeroplanes were IN the
air at time and the spectators were
treated 10 a sight absolutely unique in
the history Of the world. Gusty winds
prevailed, but the pilots seldom stopped
on that account. and exhibited remark
In the tests for high speed over short
courses the BIeriot monoplane and Cur
tiss bipIane were evenly matched, Bic
riot winning the 6.21 mile race at a
speed OF Ats miles per hour and Cur
tiss securing the international cup by
covering the 1912 mile course at a
speed Of 47.04 miles per hour. That
the aeroplane had made wonderful
strides In endurance was shown by
Farman's winning the long distance
race. with a record of 111.S8 miles in
hours minutes So 2-5 seconds.
Early in October Orville Wright. in
an exhibition at Berlin. rose to the
unprecedented height of over 1900
feet At about the same time his broth
er. during the Hudson Fulton festival.
flew successfully from Governors island
up the Hudson river. around one OF the
visiting warships moored or Grants
tomb and back to the island.
Unquestionab1y. the field OF sport
will be the first and most successful
sphere OF exploitation for the aero
plane It is possible today TO place an
order for a flying machine for delivery
at an early date in automobile row San
Francisco. as more than one OF the
auto manufacturing companies have
gone into the business OF making the
machines Before the end OF the pres
ent year flights by local enthusiasts
owning their machines will be COM
mon sight around San Francisco bav-
1t is said that several ambitious sports
men are eager for the honor OF befn,
first to make a start In Golden Gate
park and fy across the city and tho
bay to Oakland
The San Francisco call., 1910-01-16

while using the machines for scouting
purposes. Wilbur Wright, however,
says that there are positive advantages
IN seeking the high levels of tho air.
The difficulty of finding landing place,
in case of the motor stopping, will be
largely obviated by flying high. Thus,
at one mile elevation, in case of stop
page of the motor, the operator would
be in position to glide for seven
miles. on slope of one in seven, before
reaching the ground. Since this glide
The San Francisco call., 1910-01-16

were removed the English might rea-
sonably expect to SEQ the greater part
of the invading army drowned in the
channel.
The nrst big achievement of the
Wright brothers was made over a field
at Dayton. Ohio, on October 8, 1905.
Numerous short flights had been made
by thsm-with as much secrecy as pos
sible, but on that day one of the broth
srs drove the machine "a miles In SO
minutes, at a speed of ss miles an hour.
Santos Dumont built cellular machine
and made some short flights in France
in 1906. Bleriot and Esnault-Pelterie
had considerable success with the
monoplane, and Farman and Della
grange with the biplane.
Real Progress Begins
Flying progressed by leaps and
bounds during 1908. Orville Wright.
in the government tests at Fort Myer.
Washington. made flights OF over an
hours duration. and on various occa-
sions carried an officer as a passenger.
Wilbur Wright went to France and, by
fulfilling certain conditions. sold the
French rights to his patents for $780,
900. In the successful trials he flew
AZ miles in one hour and 80 minutes on
September 81. and on October 10 made
a flight of over an hour. carrying one
passenger. On another occasion he
rose to a height of $50 feet. and on the
last day of the year he broke all rec
ords by flight OF hours and 20 min
utes duration. in which he covered ~
miles. In October, Farman in his Vol
sin biplane made the first cross country
trip on record. flying from Chalons to
Rheims. distance of II miles. In the
same month Bleriot. in a monoplane.
The San Francisco call., 1910-01-16
Single and Double Planes

ing at the highest speed.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1910-08-12
UNSPOKEN WORDS.

The kindly words that rise within the
heart
And thrill it with their sympathet-
u tone
But die ere spoken, fail to play their
part.
And claim merit that is not their
own.
The kindly word unspoken is a sin.
sin that wraps itself in purest
guise,
And tells the heart that. doubling,
looks within,
That not in speech, but thought,
the virtue lies.
But it's not so; another heart may
thirst
For that kind word, as Hagar in
the wild
Poor banished Hagar!-prayer a well
might burst
From out the sand to save her
parching child.
And loving eyes that can not see the
mind
VIII watch the expected movement
of the lip.
All! can ye let its cutting silence
wind
Around that heart and seattle it
like whip?
Unspoken words. like treasures in the
mine,
Are valueless until we give them
birth;
Like unfound gold their hidden beau
ties shine
Which God has made to bless and
gid the earth.
How sad 'twould be to see a masters
hand
Strike glorious notes upon a voice.
less Lutte,
But o! what pain when. at Gods own
command,
A heartstring thrills with kindness
but is mute.
Then hide it not, the music of the
soul.
Dear sympathy, expressed with
kindly voice,
But let it like a shining river roll
To deserts dry-to hearts that would
rejoice.
o! let the symphony Of kindly word!
Sound for the poor, the friendless
and the weak;
And He will bless you; He who struck
these chords
Will strike another when in turr
you seek.
John Boyle O'Reilly.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1910-08-12
MAKING SICK CHILDREN WELL,

Toledo Blade: 1t is within the pro
vince OF public school teachers to turn
siekly pupils from the doors. This is
for the protection Of the healthy. A
school is certainly not hospital, and
it is the last place where those with
infectious diseases should be admit
ted. This is the cold. practical view
point.
Boston decided to look at this mat
ter from another position last year.
An experiment in benevolence was
tried, As tuberculosis is an indoor
disease, one that thrives in closed.
airless quarters and where the light
is shut out, an outdoor school was
constructed. There tubercular chill
dren were taught while the winds
blew freely through the classroom.
the light was given the freest access.
the cold nipped the noses or the sun
poured in its warmth. Nourishment
was provided There was plenty of
clothing for every child and instruc-
ton was interrupted frequently for ex-
ercise.
The results were altogether admir-
able. The ravages of tuberculosis
were checked. There appeared full.
round. red cheeks where there had
been hollowness and paror. The
anaemic took on flesh. The dull be-
came brighter. The standing of pu-
pills, it is said is nowhere better in
Boston's schools than among the out
door pupils.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1910-08-12
HOW TO BE YOUNG.

Avoid fear in all its varied forms of
expression; it is the greatest enemy
of the human race. Avoid excesses of
all kinds; they are injurious. Tre
long life must be a temperate, regular
life.
Don't live to eat, but eat to live.
Many of our ills are due to overeat-
ing. to eating the wrong thing and
to irregular eating.
Don't allow yourself to think on
your birthday that you are year
older and so much nearer the end.
Never look on the dark side; take
sunny views of everything; a sunny
though. drives away the shadows.
Be a child; live SIMPLY and natur-
ally, and keep clear of entangling al
liances and complications of all kinds.
Cultivate the spirit of contentment
all discomfort and dissatisfaction
bring age burrows prematurely to the
face.
Form habit of throwing off before
going to bed at night all the cares
and anxieties of the day-everything
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1910-08-12
FOR CLUSTER LIGHTS.

Why not install cluster light poles
all along Main street and perhaps on
Court street? In many cities this
system of street lighting is now being
adopted and the old arc lights are be-
ing done away with. The cluster
lights provide better illumination and
az the same time add greatly to the
appearance of'a thoroughfare In the
view of this paper it would add much
to the sightliness of Main street and
would tend to preserve Pendleton's
reputation as an up-to-date little city
to adopt this system of lighting in the
business section.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1910-08-12
GOOD INTENTIONS.

From the Land Of Good Intentions
you can look across the years,
Far above the dismal valley of dis
tressful doubts and fears.
You can see the golden future smil-
in the morning sun.
You can hear the din of battles that
are lightly fought and won.
You can see the broad road leading
to the Country of Success,
Winding through the pleasant mea-
dows on the hills of Happiness.
In the Land of Good Intentions you
may lie all day and dream
Underneath the trees that whisper to
a silver, silent stream.
You may plan enchanting journeys
toward the rim of yonder sky
Picturing the fame and fortune that
you hope for by and by.
Far ahead you watch Ambition bid
ding men to dare and do;
But the blue sky of the Pres
ent smiles invitingly for you.
Oh! The Land of Good Intentions is
a pleasant place to dwell,
When the sun of Youth and Spring.
time weaves its magic, mystic
spell.
But too soon the leaves will wither
that shine golden in the trees,
And the chill of Age and Winter will
be felt in every breeze;
And If you too fondly linger you shall
come to know at last
That the Land of Good Intentions u
the Desert of the Past
j. ]. Montague.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1910-08-12
A UNIVERSITY MAN.

Charles r. Detrick, state secretary
of the Lincoln Roosevelt Republican
league, is candidate for election to
the assembly from the Fifty-seventh
district. which takes in Palo Alto.
Stanford university and part of San
Jose.
Detrick has been a member of the
Stanford faculty. He is graduate of
Harvard, Magma Cum Laude, and has
done postgraduate work at world IA
nous universities. Elected to the as
sembly from Stanford, Detrick would
certainly be representative of centers
where education is the order of busi-
ness, and the title of professor as fa-
miliar as that of colonel in Kentucky.
But in addition to his scholastic at
tainments, Detrck has been an active
man in other walks. He was one of
the Stanford students who joined the
First California regiment for service
in the Philippines. and saw much ac-
tive service there. He mas attended
two sessions of the Legislature as
journal clerk; and as chairman of the
republican county central committee
in Santa Clara county, has put the
finishing touches on the. old Johnnie
Mackenzie gang down there. Said
touches" have been put on artis-
tically, but effectively. The touch"
has been Emersonian with something
like blacksmith force behind it.
Detrick is an all-around man, all
right, one who in the legislature
would be a power for good, not only
for his district but his state.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1910-08-12
& e g TIE BEST
Os O. o. SPRING Tonic

tonic and blood purifier Spring Some particular amen but are
door exercise and the fact that cold weather has kept the n closed
expelled
from the system These impurities entering the crcr have ned and
weakened the blood
blood nOushent The general bodily weakness tired feeling tickle a
pelte digestion Frequently
purity tho circulation s. the
greatest of all blood
enrich
spell of sickness and will
not Summer s. S. made entirely
tonic hethful digestion
proves the appetite
Spring s. fol tonic,
THE SWIFT SPECIFIC ATIANwA
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1910-08-12
NATURE HAS A CURE.

The Oregon Journal says: There is
one way of curing the big ranch evil:
that is by graduated taxation of land
Holdings, according to area. Tax the
big landholder until he Is forced to
sell, and so allow the land to be peo-
pied by families of producers"
As a last resort that remedy might
be effective. But it wont be needed.
The big ranches are going to be di-
vided up without such legislation. Ex-
perience is showing that a man with
a moderate sized ranch can raise larg-
.er crops and make more money in
proportion to his investment than can
the man with a mammoth ranch. This
fact in time is going to bring about a
breaking up of the great ranches.
There are indications that the tide is
turning now. 1t will flow swiftly tow
ards smaller ranches and closer farm
ing if landowners will but make use
OF their opportunities to water their
land by means of well irrigation and
by using the flood waters of the river
Put water upon the great ranches and
they will break up as if by magic.
To a large extent the big ranches
of this county are due TO the prosperity
the farmers have enjoyed for many
years. They have been making money
and they have put their surplus money
into more land. This land hunger and
the desire of farmers to "round out"
their places has forced land prices
skyward. Now it is being learned that
when the value of their investments
is considered mariners are not maxi
ing very good profits by raising BIZ
ennial wheat crops. In the view of
the East Oregonian this condition will
become more and more pronounced
aS time goes by and it will result in
the adoption of irrigation wherever
possible, in closer farming methods
everywhere and in the recolonization
OF our country districts.
Nature herself is going to cure the
big farm evil and the cure when ii
comes will work benefit and not in
jury to the landowners themselves.