The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1910-10-11

the clay tile becomes water-soaked
and disintegrates in the years Of serV-
ice, thus causing broken tile diu d
useless drain.
This is easily demonstrated by ia
ing I'D concrete tile and clay tile that
have been imbedded in the ground'
While the former are as strong as one
could wish and lift easily, the clay
are brittle. and must be handled Win
extreme care to prevent
Again, to employ vitrified clay tile
is to make q drain that does not ab-
serb water from the soil except at the
Joints; while a concrete tile mas aiI
the advantages of being porous and
vet fully as strong as the best vltr1hed
tile.
The simple machine Illustrated with
this article may be built in any size
at a slight cost, and viii enable any
one to make the best quality or con-
crete tile at a cost of 55 cents a rod
when made in the 4-inch size; ~
cents a rod for 5-inch SO cents for
Inch: $40 for 8-inch; $40 Tor
9-fnch: s1.S8 for 10-inch, and $z.64
for 12-inch tile.
The cost is based on sand at 70
cents a cubic yard, cement at 81 per
barrel; labor at 81 a day. The Tile
are made as strong as possible, using
one part cement to three parts OF the
gravel, which will give them all the
strength needed for any service.
The finch tile are made "a OF an
inch thick; the 5, 6, and 8-inch tile
are made 1 inch thick; the 8 and 10
inch are made i 3-S inches thick, and
the 12-inch l IL inches thick.
In his manner you can estimate
tn cost Of your drain and easily com
pare with the cost of clay tile or the
same size.
BY employing the proper methods
for handling concrete IN the winter,
you may employ your space time
during the winter in making this
n~uch-needed article on the farm, and
thus save the cost of labor, which IS
the greatest item in the above table
Of costs, averaging from "A TO II cents
per rod Of tile.
The machine explained in this arti-
Gle is one making a 6-inch tile, and
from this explanation any other tile
may be easily constructed.
A box form is built of two boards
Is inches long and 8 inches wide.
And two boards Is inches long and 10
inches wide. These are joined to-
gether to make a form. the inside
measurements being SIS inches and 18
inches high.
Fasten these boards together with
two hinges at each Of three corners
and the fourth corner fasten with
two hooks and eyeletS as shown iii the
illustrations; this allows the machine
to be folded back from the tile with
out injury.
Now nail in each corner Of this box
some th~ree-cornered or beveled strips
IS inches long, but nail to just one
side of board only. which will hold
them in place and yet allow the ma
chine to fold back from the work
easily.
For the core take a 6-inch stove
pipe "a inches long and inside same,
place d 6-inch board 80 inches long,
mailing securely as shown in the Illus
tration. The top of this board is cut
to make a handle to draw out the
core. as illustrated.
The bottom Is cut down to leave a
small 3~-4-of-an-inch projection or pin
On same which sets into the holes
bored in the pallet, thus insuring the
core being always in the center of the
form.
The pallets are made of any boards
larger than the form used for mould
ing the tile, and in the center is bored
a 3-4-inch hole to receive the pin on
the bottom of the board in the core.
The outside part Of the mould. is
held In position by four iron pins OF
spikes. These are placed by setting
the casing in the correct position or
the pallet and then on each side mari
where the pin is to be placed, bore 8
hole for the same and arrange so i
can be easily inserted and removed
Small bolts or spikes will do for this
A pallet Is prepared for as man,
tile as you wish to make each day
and the tile are left on the same for a
least As hours before removing, whel
they may be piled up and the pallet
used again.
In operating, the machine is places
in position on the pallet with the cor,
in place. The mortar IS placed in tn
mold and tamped down.
The tamping process must begi1
with the first mortar put In, other
wise the tile will be too porous. Ad
mortar and lamp down., and so O.
until the mould is flied. Now simpl
draw out the core and unlock tn
sides and fold back from the til
leaving it upon the pallet to dry 70
As hours.
The tile thus mad are Is inche
long, requiring but eleven to the roc
and are actagon in shape which is 5
-i->~A 4la4 =