Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-06-15
MvUN y InUI ] IIn1I UUu UIDIO UI0V
Made in Address at University Controversy Over War Depa
of Pennsylvania. ment Branch Printery.
REVIEWS OUR DIPL LOMACY SECRETARY RAISES 1851
Secretary Says Il Reflects Attributes Public Printer Would Have
Great People. Done at the Big Office
ARBITRATION IS COMMENDED lCOMPOSITORS TAKE Hal
White Also
Court at The Hague Is peaed Dispute Promising
For Interesting Results.
Made in Address at University
of Pennsylvania.
REVIEWS OUR DIPLOMACY
Secretary Says Il Reflects Attributes
of Great People.
ARBITRATION IS COMMENDED
Early Esta blishment of Permanent
Court at The Hague Is
Looked For.

PHILADELPHIA, June 15.-Secretary
Of State Philander c. Knox was the
orator at the 154th commencement of the
University of Pennsylvania. held today
in the Academy of Music. Half an hour
before the beginning of the exercises the
graduating class, numbering 1856; the fac
uty and the alumni assembled In a hall
nearby and, garbed in the conventional
cap and gown, marched to the academy.
DR.. Ethelburt Dudley Warfield, presi-
dent of Lafayette College. was the re-
cipient of the only honorary degree con-
ferred by the university this year. He
was given the degree Of doctor of laws.
Secretary Knox was introduced to the
students and the guests of the university,
who crowded the academy to it's capacity,
by Provost c. c. Harrison. He took for
his topic ''The Spirit and Purpose OF
American Diplomacy"
Beginning with John Jays treaty of
1894 with Great Britain, for the peaceful
settlement Of boundary disputes, which
he declared ushered in the modern era
of arbitration, Secretary Knox declared
that American diplomacy had been di-
plomacy of real and definite direction
and spirit, not based on expediency nor
driven by the variable winds of oppor-
tunism, and one which had in its justice,
candor, moderation and generosity re-
ffected the becoming attributes of great
people.
Work for Arbitration Commended.
The place which this nation has taken
in the promotion of arbitration Mr.. Knox
commended highly. paying generous ref
erapce fo hjS rredecesSorS for their Ya ri
of the work, and referring only modestly
to his own work of promoting an inter-
national prize court. with the functions
of court of arbitral justice.
The United States, Mr.. Knox declared.
had taken the advanced ground that ar
bitration was a judicial. more than
diplomatic. procedure and the decision of
such a court must conform to the prin
ciples OF law and equity. The initiative OF
the United States In promoting such
court. he said, he believed would lead to
the early Establishment at The Hague OF
a permanent court of arbitration.
Beginning with Commodore Perry's WIS.,
1t to Japan and Caleb Cushings treaty
with China in 1874 Mr.. Knox devoted
much time to discussing the State De-
partment's course in the far east. Ha
commended it warmly. referring to John
Hays open door policy in China as an
achievement of which it was impossible
to fail to refer when speaking of Ameri-
can diplomacy.
The same just, friendly and generous
American spirit is conspicuously shown
in our diplomatic and other efforts in the
interest of particular nations at critical
times or in respect to matters of great
consequences affecting the welfare OF
other nations said Mr.. Knox.
The Boxer Troubles.
The part which the United States took
in the Boxer troubles and its subsequent
action was taken, he declared, to safe
guard the principle of the preservation OF
Chinese territorial and administrative
entity and equality of commercial op-
portunity. Mr.. Knox reviewed this
government participation in Kongo ne
gotiations. its progressive policy In Ii
beria and its part in terminating the
war between Russia and Japan.
The most active sphere of American
diplomacy, however, Mr.. Knox declared,
was in the relations of the United States
with the twenty other republics of the
western hemisphere. Most Of them are
passing through evolution similar to
that of the United States, he said. and
! the influence of the diplomacy OF the
United States could be traced to the de-
velopment and welding of the pan-Ameri
can family OF nations. Castro and Zelaya
Mr.. Knox referred to as tyrants.
The financial difficulties of the Latin
American republics Mr. Knox compared
! in measure to those Of Santo Domingo.
and he warmly defended the United
States for its course in the case of the
latter. NegotiatiCns for the funding of
the national debt of Honduras now un-
der way ne said doubtless would re-
ceive the approval of this government
The Panama canal and the panAmeri
can railway. Mr.. Knox declared, would
both be great factors in the peaceful
development of Latin-America.
National Sovereignty Upheld.
In conclusion Mr.. Knox said:
I'VE have indeed. as is right. firmly
maintained our national sovereignty and
dignity and the rights of our citizens, and
we have not avoided war when honor and
duty have invoked that stern arbitra-
ment. Nevertheless we have loyalty sub
mitted ourselves to the control Of the
| ideals of peace and To the principles of
international comfy and good Will, and
we have eXerted our influence and good
Offices to guide and aid others along that
path. We have not, indeed stood alone
in that attitude. but have acted in con-
cert with other powers who recognize the
same high call and seek the same great
ends.
I'VE have reached a point when 1t is
evident that the future holds in store
time when wars shall cease when the
nations of the world shall realize fed
Grafton real and vital as that now
subsistng between the comporet parts
of a single state, when. by deliberate in
ternational conjunction, the strong shall
universally help the weak, and when the
corporate righteousness of the world
shall compel unrighteousness TO disappear
| and shall destroy the habitatons OF cru
| city still lingering in the dark places Of
| the earth This is the spirit of the wide
| world brooding on things to come. That
| day will be the millennium of course, but
| in some sense and degree il will surely be
| realized In this dispensation of mortal
| time.
1T is for this country always to main
/ tain it's historic policy and attitude to be
| true to this greatest duty of a nation
| which is entirely consistent with all its
| internal duties. to advance that time
! which the whole course of history and ALL