davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Rathdrum tribune. (Rathdrum, Idaho) 1903-1963, 1910-02-25

METHODS EMPLOYED.--Modern tree
surgery. Pruning, planting; soils analysed
and plant foods certified. Trees are In con-
slant danger. Must have care every year.
Charges reasonable to all. Reference re-
liable. Address Ill Bernard ST. Spokane.
The Rathdrum tribune. (Rathdrum, Idaho) 1903-1963, 1910-02-25
Funeral of William Hicks.

The funeral of William Hicks,
the young man who met his death
in a powder explosion at Bovill,
the first of last week, was held
from the Presbyterian church last
Friday morning, and interment
was made in Pine Grove cemetery.
Rev. w. ]. Thompson, oficiated.
The pail bearers were six privates
chosen from Company E, national
guard of Idaho, of which the
young man was member, and a
platoon of the company, command
ed by First Sergeant r. c. Papen
dick, formed the funeral escort A
salute of three volleys was fired by
the platoon, and taps were sound
ed by Musician w. o. Baker.
William Hicks was born May IS,
1888, at Kimball, Stearn county,
Mimi, and died Feb. IS, 1910,
aged FL years, 8 MONTHS 20 days.
He is survived by his parents, A.
B. Hicks and Cordelia Hicks, and
the following brothers and sisters:
r. M. Hicks, Jennie, Bertha and
Mary Hicks and Theodore Hicks,
all of whom have resided in Rath-
drum and vicinity for the past two
and-a-half years. All were present
at the funeral.
The deceased was young mar
of exemplary habits. His employ
ment on the Milwaukee railroad
was his first work away from
home, and his sad death was
severe blow to his parents ane
brothers and sisters. The sym
pathy of the community goes GU
to them in their bereavement.
The Rathdrum tribune. (Rathdrum, Idaho) 1903-1963, 1910-02-25
Independent Feed Store.

To our patrons and friends take no.
tice. We have changed our location
from the Poirier building to the first
building west of the Post Once,
where we are better equipped to fill
your wants than ever. In our line
you will fnd mill feed Of all kinds,
grain Of all kinds, both whole and
chopped, choice seed oats and spring
bluestem wheat; also choice seed po'
tatoes.
Poultry supplies Of all kinds.
We are also prepared to clean YOU
seed grain and roll your grist on shor'
notice at prices that are right.
We are yours with the goods fo
business.
S. L. FARNSw0RTH, Prop.
The Rathdrum tribune. (Rathdrum, Idaho) 1903-1963, 1910-02-25

Mrs. Lenna Poleson and two chill
dren arrived last week from a visit Of
several months at their former home
IN Missouri.
Warren and Charles Smith and
Mrs. Robert Nancarrow Of Wilmot,
South Dakota. and Mrs. Edward F.
Drake OF Bellingham, WASH, are
visiting at the home of their mother,
Mrs. Elizabeth Smith Of this city.
William E. Reinhart and Ernest
Engleking, who are serving on the
Jury ia the district court, returned to
Occur d'Alene Wednesday morning to
resume their duties after few days
visit to their homes IN this city.
George Roth is able to 60 to work
again after being incapacitated about
two months by reason Of bad cut or
the knee received while hueing ties
He slipped from a log, falling back
ward while welding the broad axe
He is still lame from the effects Q
the injury.
Rev. Robert Warner who is t.
assist in the revival meetings to De
gin at the Methodist church GU mex
Sunday is one Of the leading preach
ers of the Columbia River Conference
He has served number of the bes
/ charges in the conference and ha
always lad revivals in every charge
The Rathdrum tribune. (Rathdrum, Idaho) 1903-1963, 1910-02-25
Church Announcements
Revival Meetings at M. E. Church.

Revival Meetings at M. +. Church.
Beginning next Sunday, a series of
revival meetings will be held az the
Methodist Church. The pastor will
be assisted by Rev. Robert Warner of
Standpoint. ex-preslding elder Of the
Dalles district. Services will be held
each evening at 1870 and each after,
noon, except Monday and Saturday,
at 2:30. At the afternoon meetings
DR.. Warner will give series OF ad
dresses on Personal Evangelism,
which every Christian should hear.
On next Sunday morning the pas
tor will preach on "How I know l
am saved". At this service those
who desire will be received into the
church and the sacrament Of baptism
administered. At 1880 Sunday even
ing the pastor will preach on THE
First Step to Christi.
All Christians In the communit,
are urged to cooperate Ia continuing
the revival influence which has beer
such blessing to our town during
the last few weeks.
The Rathdrum tribune. (Rathdrum, Idaho) 1903-1963, 1910-02-25
BUSINESS BRIEFS.

Home made sausages speciality at
Seigloch's. Ham, bacon and lard.
fish and game In season.
FOR SALE:-The Newland pro-
perty on Main Street, acre lot, 5-roOm
house, garden and 80 fruit trees.
$l4OO. A bargain. Terms: $500
down, security on balance at pei
cent; or 5000 down and balance ia
500 monthly intallments. Inquire a,
Tribune office. F4Ap29
The Rathdrum tribune. (Rathdrum, Idaho) 1903-1963, 1910-02-25
Inspection April 8.

The adjutant general has issued
general orders No. announcing
that the annual inspection Of the
National Guard of Idaho for the
year 1910 will be made by Major
Francis ]. Herman, 25th Infantry,
U. S. A.. Company E of Rathdrum
will be- inspected at 1890 p. M,
Friday, April 8.
Other companies to be inspected
are M. of Rexburg, K of Idaho
Falls, A Of Standpoint, c of CGur-
d'Alene, H of Genessce, L Of
Weiser, B of Cambridge, Of
Payette and G of Caldwell.
The order states that every man
borne on the rolls of the companies
should be present at the inspt c.
ton.
The Rathdrum tribune. (Rathdrum, Idaho) 1903-1963, 1910-02-25
Personal Mention.

Stewart Young has been i'll for
few days past with rheumatism.
Assessor ]. w. Smith was in town
Monday, having returned from a
visit east.
Howard Bradbury returned home
Monday from few days Welt with
friends in Spokane.
Thomas LAWN Of Spokane spent
Sunday at the home Of his sister.
Mrs. T. L. Gibson.
w. A. Poleson is back from Port
land, Oregon, having sold his barber
business at that place.
Mr.. and Mrs. e. M. Peters left
Thursday of last week for Conrad,
Mont, where Mr.. Peters has a home
stead.
&. G. Thompson, who has spent
most Of his time this winter on his
farm in Spirit valley, has been al
home all of the present week.
]. NJ. Handy, John Gaa and Mr..
Yerkes, with eight head OF horses,
went to Conrad, Mont. last week to
make entry upon some homestead
land there.
Mr.. and Mrs. H. ]. Blanchard and
family, of Post Falls, spent last
Saturday aud Sunday visiting with
Rathdrum friends.
Miles Egbers spent the 22nd at thu
home of his grandparents 10 Rath
drum, returning to Occur d'Alen'
Wednesday morning.
Miss Ethel Reiuhart arrived from
Occur d'Alene last Saturday, for ,
brief visit with Rathdium relatives
She returned to Occur d'Alene Wed
nesday morning.
Fred Chambard has been Ill will
rheumatism and severe cold, bu
was able to resume his duties as r
F. D. mail carrier this week.
Charles NJ. Hulsey was in tow
from Spirit Lake last Saturday even
Ing, returning home Sunday morn
10y. He Is employed 10 the Panhau
die mill at Spirit Lake.
" Mrs. Hattie Newland has conclud
ed arrangement to leave this wee
with her family for Conrad, Mont
to begin residence on homestea
" there. Her stock was inspected ye
tetday and the car loaded at Els
81 Lake. :,
II Mrs, D. D. brennan and dauRhte
" Ernestine, arrived home Saturds
81 night from their visit in Californi
DR.. brennan returned later, havir
nj turned aside for a brief trip in
ri southern Idaho.
Id L. f.. Ebert, Jr., Of Oklahon
IN City, Oklahoma, visited Rathdru
OH friends last Friday and Saturday. I
81 arrived too late TO attend the funer
"a OF his stepfather, L. e. Ebert, S
a which was held in Spokane on I
10th.
The Rathdrum tribune. (Rathdrum, Idaho) 1903-1963, 1910-02-25
Local Paragraphs.

The rural mail route has been
partly blocked with snow this week
and the roads will have to be
broken to permit the carrier to
make the usual complete round.
A farewell reception was tender
ed to Evangelist Geo. T. Stephens
at the home Of Mr.. and Mrs. c. L.
Holman, Tuesday evening.
About 40 guests were present.
The Tribune is requested to an
nounce that another market day |
auction sale will be conducted in
Rathdrum by DR.. Q. G. Farms
worth on Saturday, March IL.
Jack Frost did some appropriate
decorating on one Of the glass
fronts of Henry Reiniger's hard
ware store on the 22nd. The pro-
file of Washington, wrought on the
window by the frost, on the illus
trious mans birthday anniversary,
was very striking.
| A fire in the Northern Pacific
section house, at 8 o'clock Mon
day morning, called out the FIRE
department, but the flames, which
were burning around the f1ue, were
extinguished before the hose could
be attached. Only Slight damage
was done.
All members of Royal Neigh
bors of America are requested to
meet at the hall at o'clock to-
morrow Saturday afternoon, to
attend special meeting. Import
ant business to be transacted.
The Spokane rifle team failed to
arrive last night. In consequence
the Rathdrum club chose sides,
/. Captain Seavy's squad winning
ever that of Captain OFT by score
of 4141 to 4125. The chicken sup
per at the Wishard was excellent.
= The Moscow high school basket
!. ball team, by failing to appear
;. Thursday of last week, as billed
it forfeited the Idaho championship
is game to the Rathdrum high school
:. Moscow cancelled the date at thu
last moment on account of gam,
in Spokane being postponed tn
), night before.
1. The members of the indoor riff
club have been practicing diligent
0. ly the last few days in preparatio
NJ for the contest with the Spokan
3. team last night. L. E. Kirkpatric
20 made the high score last Frida
er. night.
at Recent tran sfers of real estate i
o. Rathdrum and vicinity include tn
sale Of the C. w. Royce propert
on lots S and 6. block c, Wood
addition from Ellsworth Pickel
M. ]. Landway, and from tn
/ latter to Elizabeth J. Linfoot I
Salem, Oregon. Another deal W.
VI contaminated last week when
- :, A. Berry sold his place on the hi
:, north of town to C. E. Getchell (
~ the Rathdrum Drug company. M
NC and Mrs. Getchell will move upo
slo the place to reside in about tw
er months.
Nv,
The Rathdrum tribune. (Rathdrum, Idaho) 1903-1963, 1910-02-25

Services at Presbyterian Church.
Rev. Dan Bush Of Grand Rapids,
Mich, now In charge Of the Trotter
mission in Spokane, Is announced to
speak 10 the Rathdrum Presbyterian
church Sunday evening. Evangelist
Geo. T. Stephens telephoned the an-
q ,uncement from Spokane yesterday
afternoon, saying that Mr.. Bush Is
one Of Billy Sundays converts and
everybody should hear him.
The session will meet 10 the pas
tors study 10 the Presbyterian church
Saturday evening at 1880, to receive
new members. All persons desiring
to unite with the church are request
ed to be present.
Be sure and bring your hymn books,
"Heavenly Harmonies", with you
Sunday morning and evening. The
sunshine choir will be there and helI
sing.
The Rathdrum tribune. (Rathdrum, Idaho) 1903-1963, 1910-02-25
Card Of Thanks.

We wish to extend our sincere
thanks to the friends, neighbors and
militia boys who so kindly assisted
us in our late bereavment of our son
William G. Hicks.
A. B. HICKS and family.
The Rathdrum tribune. (Rathdrum, Idaho) 1903-1963, 1910-02-25

For all kinds OF fresh N ats call at
]. A. Seigloch's-Rathdrum Meat
company.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-07-03
S. G.. CORNWELL FRUSTRATED.
Overcome With Heat, He Falls,
Striking His Head.

Overcome by the heat and suffering
with acute indigestion, Samuel G. Corn
well of the grocery firm of G. G. Corn
well & Son, 1912 Pennsylvania avenue.
became unconscious last night at his
place of business and fell, striking his
head against the floor.
The ambulance from the Emergency
Hospital was summoned. DR.. Sinclair
Bowen, Mr.. Cornwells family physician,
was called over the telephone.
DR.. Newton, with the ambulance, re-
sponded first and took the unconscious
man to the hospital. There he was join
ed shortly afterward by DR.. Bowen, who
had Mr.. Cornwell removed to q ward on
an upper floor.
Before DR.. Bowen left the hospital
shortly after 10 o'clock his patient was
able to converse with him. It was ap-
parent he had sustained no serious injury.
DR.. Bowen said he hoped he would be
able to sit up today.
Mrs Cornwell hurried to the hospital
from her home, 1859 Girard street, as
soon as she was advised of her husbands
illness, and remained with him until she
felt he was out of danger.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-07-03
PROBATIONERS CELEBRATE.
Judge De Lacy Presides Over Exer
cises Held by His Wards.

Several hundred Juvenile Court proba-
TONERS gathered in the grounds surround
ing the court building yesterday after
noon for their annual patriotic celebration
under the direction OF Judge De Lacy. A
program of patriotic songs was rendered
and short addresses on ideal citizenship
were delivered by the probation officers.
The celebration closed with a talk on
Patriotism" by Judge De Lacy. He
urged the probationers to model their
lives along the paths of prominent fig-
ures of the nation as ideals OF American
manhood and to foster within their
breasts an answering love for their ma
tive land. The probationers wer dis
missed with wishes for an enjoyable
Fourth Of July.
The routine OF the court proceedings
yesterday was interrupted long, enough
for Chief Probation Officer Rev. AZed H.
COpp to marry Paul West and Minnie
Garnett, coIored. West was arraigned
before the court On charges preferred by
the Garnett girl. Both admitted they
were in love with each other and a will
lngness to marry. Hence the ceremony.
Judge De Lacy's gift to the bride was q
bouquet of flowers.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-07-03
POLICE LOOKOUT ASKED.
EugitfvesFr Three Cities May Be
Headed This WAY.

Matss Sylvester received a message yes
terday afternoon from the authorities at
Hagerstown, Md, asking that the police
Of this city assist in the search that is
being made for Claude McCusker, a
young farmer near Hancock. who is
chargedfwith having shot and killed JEFF
ferson Roman. also a young farmer OF
that section. The shooting occurred the
night of May 80. the wounded man dying
in a hospital at Martinsburg, w. Va,
later. He was shot twice in the abdo-
men.
Maj. Sylvester has received a message
from the Chicago police asking that the
police here assist in apprehending Cora
Campbell. alias Elizabeth Costello. She
is said to be a professional pickpocket
and victim of the opium habit. The
woman is wanted in Chicago to answer a
charge of grand larceny.
There is a photograph at police head
quarters Of Andrew @. Finn, alias Flynn,
a ScOtchman, who is wanted at Provi-
dence, 4. L.. to answer charge of hav-
ing embezzled 81. 300. 1t is stated that
he has served in the army and state
militia and that he has military bear
ing He has dark complexion, dark hair
and brown eyes and smooth face.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-07-03
COAL FOR THE PACIFIC.
Government Is Shipping Large Car
goes From Atlantic Seaports.

Heavy shipments of coal are being made
OF government account from Norfolk,
Newport News, Baltimore and other At
lantic coast ports 10 the Pacific coast
and United States insular possessions in
the Pacific During the past week sew
eral steamers with cargoes ranging from
five To seven thousand tons have sailed
from Norfolk and Newport News, and
the British steamer Katherine Park, with
about 500 tone aboard, has sailed from
Baltimore for Honolulu.
Within the next two or three months
several hundred thousand tons of soft
coal VIII be shipped from Atlantic coast
now being chartered for the work The
bulk of this great amount of fuel will be
moved in vessels flying foreign flags. it
being impossible to get American tom
mage enough 10 move ii in the time
wanted A number OF British and Ger
man ships have always been chartered
for the service
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-07-03

ned a safe and sane celebration for to-
morrow.
The setting off Of fireworks may not
be wholly eliminated, but the residents
Of the town do not anticipate much of
an "old-fashioned Fourth The inten-
ton OF the committee in charge is to
provide such a pleasant day that in the
future there will be no desire to indulge
in the dangerous methel of celebrating.
There will be a country picnic at the
old Calvert mansion. Promptly at IL
o'clock in the morning William G. Gray,
chief marshal, will lead procession. He
will be assisted by H. E. Lewis, q. A.
Meyers and B. c. Wheeler as aids
In the line will be the Naval Gun Fac
tory Band. followed by John II. Risdon.
chairman of the executive committee. in
charge of the celebration: members OF
the Riverdale Citizens Association. cow
boys. volunteer firemen, Baracca class
of the Presbyterian Church and float
containing twenty-five young ladies, one
of them representing the Goddess of Lib
erty.
Flag raising at Calvert manor will be
followed by a speech by Addison Milli-
kin of Baltimore and patriotic recitations
by Mrs F. c. Willis. Refreshments will
be served by the ladies. At night there
will be a band concert in front Of the
mansion.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-07-03
Personal to River Men.

Capt. c. A. Slye. master of the Taylor
tug James o. Carter, left yesterday
afternoon for a Neutrality-suspicious. visit TO
his home at Bushwood, st. Mary county,
Nd.
Capt. Abe Posey, formerly mate of the
tug Camilla, who has been on visit OF
several weeks to his former home in
Charles county, Nd, was in the city
yesterday and visited the river front.
Capt. Joseph Chivell, has relinquished
business the 18th street wharf for a
day or two and gone to Blackstone
Island for an neutrality-suspicious. day
visit to his former home.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-07-03
REAL ESTATE TRANSFERS.

PLEASANT PLAINS-Thomas K. Noble
ct ux. to William s. and Susan L.
Dewhirst, lots "A and 40: SO.
FOURTEENTH STREET AND PARK
ROAD NORTHWEST-Romu A.
Foster to the Arcade Amusement
Company, part lot 4O6, Pleasant
Plains; $40. Emile Berliner ct ux. to
same, part lot %, Pleasant Plains:
$40 Same to same, part, same lot:
So Charles ]. Brown ct ux. to same,
part, same lot: $40.
1929 CORCORAN STREET NORTH
WEST-Effie M. Holcombe to Harry
Wardman and Thomas P. Bones, lot
134. square 134: $40.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-07-03

of a shipmate. James c. Lowery, also \
mess attendant. 1t appears from the Of
fetal report that Lowery, while in SWIM
ming. became exhausted and had sunk
for the second time. when his two COM
rades swan to his side and towed him BY
the hair to place of safety. The tide
was running strong ebb at the time. or
the accident, and Lowery would have
drowned but for the prompt action OF his
comrades.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-07-03
WEATHER FORECAST.
Unsettled, Probably Thunder Show.
ers Tonight or Monday.

For the District of Columbia and Mary
land. unsettled. probably thunder show
ers Sunday night or Monday, continued
warm; light, variable winds, mostly
southerly
Weather Conditions and General Fore
cast.-The southwestern disturbance has
increased in intensity and has remained
nearly stationary. AS a result rain COW
ers nearly the entire gulf and extreme
south Atlantic states, Tennessee, western
Ohio. the central Mississippi and the
southern Missouri valleys. with scattered
thunderStOrmS over these districts; else
where the weather has been generally
fair. but somewhat unsettled.
Temperature changes have been unim-
portant. except that it is somewhat cooler
in the Missouri valley. while the heat
wave continues in the District Of Column
bia- Ohio valley and western lake region,
with temperatures of 80 degrees or higher
reported from Ohio and the Michigan
peninsula.
Conditions indicate that showers will
continue Sunday over the central Missis-
sippi and lower Missouri, the Ohio and
Tennessee valleys and the gulf and south
Atlantic states. The rain area will prob
ably extend to the lower lake region by
Sunday night or Monday. Generally fair
weather will prevail over the entire west
ern half Of the country Sunday and Mon
day. 1t will be slightly cooler in the Sec
lions where the temperature has been
above the average for the past few days:
elsewhere the changes will be unimpor-
tant.
The winds along the New England and
middle Atlantic coasts will be light to
moderate and mostly westerly: on the
south Atlantic coast light to moderate
southwesterly; on the east gulf coast light
to moderate south to west; on the west
gulf coast light variable. mostly south
erly; on the lower lakes light to moderate
west to southwest; on upper lakes light to
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-07-03
SAFE AND SANE JULY 4 EVENTS.


O:45to 115-Concert, Marine Band building
to on in
M.
o
to races Basin.
to
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-07-03
ton Of the recruits. but also their con-
dition as tn infectious diseases.
Naval Yacht for Sale.

The yacht Hornet, a relic Of tie war
with Spain, has been offered for sale
to the highest bider. The Hornet. before
her purchase in 1898. was the yacht
Alicia, built at Wilmington. Del, in 1890
by the Harlan & Hollingsworth Company.
She is 16O feet long, and has speed OF
about sixteen miles an hour. Since the
war she rs been used as a training vessel
for landsmen at Norfolk.
Keeping Coal in Water.
In the hope of increasing the efficiency
Of its coal supply. the Navy Department
will begin shortly an experiment at New
London, Conn, to determine whether
coal can be preserved better under water
that on top of land. If the experiments
show that coal does not lose as much Of
it's efficiency under water as it does
when piled in the open air, radical
changes will be made in the storage of
coal at the various coaling stations OF
the United States. Beds of coal under
many of the American coaling stations
the world.
Saved by His Comrades.
Alexander F. Bias and Thomas L.
Walker, mess attendants on the receiv-
ing ship Franklin, at Norfolk. have been
commended by the acting
Secretary Of the Navy for gallantry in
jumping overheard and saving the life
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-07-03
Fight Returns at Gayety.

Arrangements have been made by the
Gayety Theater to announce from the
stage returns as rapidly as received by
wire from Reno, New. of the Jeffries-
Johnson fight tomorrow.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-07-03

It matters little what 1t Is that you
want-whether a situation or a servant
"a want ad in The Star will reach the
person who will fill your need.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-07-03
until g.
Entrants for Events.

The list Of entries for tomorrow's SWIM
ming events are:
Events for boys under fourteen years Of
age:
Fifty-yard swim (any stroke)-Carl Car
rick. Karl Christoph. ]. C. Young.
Hundred-yard swim-J. c. Young, Carl
Carrick, Karl Christoph.
Diving-Plain front. plain back. front
jack-knife-KaNl Christoph. j. c. Young.
Carl Carrick.
Tub race-Karl Christoph. There not
being three entries for this event the list
will be held open until July at IL
o'clock)
Hundfed-yard swim, any stroke-Pren-
tiss D. Sale, d. S. Johnson. j. NJ Cults,
Reginald Rutherford, Harry s. Wood. d.
A. DeLashmutt.
Two-hundred-and-tw swim,
any stroke-Prentiss D. Sale, J. NJ. Cults,
Harry s. Wood. j. Burch, d. A. De-
Lashmutt.
Four hundred-yard swim. any stroke
Prentiss D. Sale, J. s. Ingram, j. NJ.
Cults, Harry 8. Wood, D. A. DeLash-
mutt.
Diving contests, senior events-Plain
front, plain back. front jack-knife-
Prentiss D. Sale. Harry s. Wood. D. A.
DeLashmutt.
Plunge for distance-Prentiss D. Sale,
D. s. johnson, F. j. Drummer, ]. S. In
gram, Harry S. Wood, D. A. DeLash-
mutt
The officials are Commissioner Ru-
dolph, honorary referee; DIR. Wfber,
chairman of the safe and sane Fourth
william Tindall, Prof. Beckett, Y. NJ. c.
A.. Robert Bearhart; timers, Mr.. Jose
and Mr.. McNeill; clerk Of the course.
Arthur Zinkhan.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-07-03

II pays to read the want columns OF
The Star Hundreds Of situations are
filed through them.