Audubon Republican. [volume] (Audubon, Iowa) 1894-1925, 1910-02-03

the which is situated and to which
it its support 1t should be able show how the
theoretical work of the laboratory be applied to
the lettering Of human conditions
The agricultural and the engineering experiment sta
the university have been attempting to give the
practical of the state information in regard to the
best preventing wastes and Of obtaining the
greatest efficiency in the various fields Of their endeavor
similar attempt is being made by the department of
psychology of the university to show to the schoomen
Of the state how they time and how they can
regulate the environment Of the school to get the
greatest results with the least possible expenditure of
energy.
All knowledge is based fundamentally upon memory
1t is quite obvious that II the economical meth
DDS of learning discovered and applied tremendous
wastes in the schooroom will be saved 1t Is striking
fact that most students who to the university do
not know how to properly memorze their material They
lose large amount of time that might be saved
greatly their advantage they had the simple know
edge of how to about their work before them What
of the university student is undoubtedly true
to greater degree of the pupils in the public
schools It clear that IL the teachers knew what
the best method by which the pupil could memorize
certain material and could train that pupil in such meth
of memory highly beneficial results would be accom-
plished.
Working along this line some years ago the depart
ment of psychology at Illinois instituted series of
experiments to determine far possible the exact
facts concerning what is technically know the idea
ona types Of school children and the relation of these
types to the memorizng of different kinds of material
BY the deaona type the psychologist understands the
sort OF mental imagery in which person thnks-for
example II child recalls in imagination bird he may
do by having mental picture Of the bird Wis
ble object he may recall the bird in terms of the
song that 1t sings 1t is further possible that he
not in thinking of the bird, 1t mentally recall its
song that he may merely the word bird written
hear 1t spoken, attempt to pronounce 1t himself
If he actually the bird in his minds he Is said
to have concrete visual imagery. If he hears the
that sings mentally he is said to have concrete audi
tory imagery. If he not the bird but the word he
is said to have verbalvsonary imagery and II instead
of seeing the word hearing 1t he simply has the
tai imagery of pronouncng the word he is said to have
verbalmotor imagery
thinking to employ either concrete imagery In which he
recalls the actual object presented through OF
his to employ verbal imagery in which latter
he does not recall the object at ALL but In which
he recalls the printed symbol for that object either In
visual, auditory motor terms 1t is possible also to
have not only concrete visual and auditory imagery but
to have concrete motor imagery we'll person. for
example, in mentally recalling foot race may think
Of the he appears ready for the starting sig
nal. he may think of the starting signal, finally,
he may think of the muscular sensations which
running the In this latter he would think Of
the in terms of concrete motor imagery
Probably the football player in recalling the expert
of the game in which he has taken part, does
the plays the spectator does from the grand
stand. but recalls them in terms of the movements
which he makes in executing them.