davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1910-12-20
THE TENTH BODY
RECOVERED TO-DAY
Five of the Injured in Explo-
sion Are Not Expected
to Recover
HORRIBLE AFTERMATH
OF CATASTROPHE
Failure to Have Locomotive $
Sand Box Replenished the
Small Thing Causing the
Great Accident

NEW YORK, Dec. To The body Of
tho tenth victim OF yesterdays ex-
plosion at the New York Central terfti-
nal was taken from the ruins early to-
day. II II believed that this completes
the death list. ~. according to the ofii-
Gals. the other missing employees have
turned up. However, a large force OF
workinen IN still at work clearing away
the debris In order To MAKE CERTAIN that
there are no more dead there
or the injured in the HOSPITALS i've
have fractured skulls and will prob
ably die. Four others have serious
fractures of limbs. one man has lost
one eye and Will probably lose the sight
OF the other. a girl has lost an eye.
while many others are suffering from
painful iacerations.
The coroner and district attorney are
cooperating IN their investigation to
fix the responsibility. 1t now seems
certain that the disaster could have
been averted had Aome one taken the
precaution to nil the sand box OF the
electric engine which hauled the train
that snapped the Pintsch gns pipe.
Motorman Seagr,att has told the coro-
ner that his train overran it's distance
because the rails were "sospy" and
he had no sand IN the box To give his
drivers needed grip.
The explosion damage runs INTO the
millions. Ii vas estimated by the III
spectors OF the building department to-
day that tn put all OF the damaged
structures in the Explosion zone" into
condition viii require tf,bon,p01 Some
OF the structures are 81 wrecked that
they Will have 10 be rebuilt What the
accident damages VIII be caRgo. be
estimated, The Park Avenue tunnel
-.
Central more than u million dollars for
personal injuries
Dynamite = contribu.ina Cause.
Although the authorities are con-
xiu.ed thn. ap explosion, az Piutsch gap
was responsible for lhe initial expio-
sfs,n vvss.erta. s..yss E,4L .a4sat,i aud
destruction IN Ifs wake. District At
,arne,- Whitman said to- day that he IL
not vet convinced that exploding dyna-
mite was not Al contributing cause Tt
,,r.yr tina. theory ne day had be-
fore him William s Jordan. who IL IN
general executive charge az tho Grand
Contra. terminal Improvement work
John n. Clancy. foreman az the dyna
mite gang. and several OF the latter
assistants.
An OF them positively declined Il
make any statement regarding the
methods OF handling the high explo-
sLre ~ IN. terminal work or To answer
any questions regarding the amount -.
dynamite that Ii KEEP, on hand there,
The district attorney said TINT his
| assistant. J. r. Rubin, has been placed
! In contru, OF the entire Investigation
/ He has taken the aitidavits ~ all of the
people who are In a position 10 explaif
+ the cause of the disaster Whether this
grand fury will he asked ~ lrobe tn.
! disaster will not be determined l,y tllt
dtS,r;rt attorney until Rnbiu completes
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1910-12-20
HEARING IS SET
FOR JANUARY Il

A public hearing GA tile Valley Turn
pike conpany's petition to erect one.or
more new toll gates near Harrisonburg
Will be held by the Corporation Conn
mission at The Capitol on January IL.
Date for the hearing was set 10y the
commissioners Tuesday.
In its petition the turnpike company.
which Is represented by Speaker Rich
ard r. Byrd, AYERS That valley farmers
drive over The roud until they come to
II toll gate. transact al their business
within the limits OF the three-cent bar
rier. turn around and drive back home
again, without paying SOU for the use
OF the road. Speaker Byrd says the
company wishes To eauali1e the tolls
by installing another gate or SO. and
thus making the folk ON both sides OF
ifarrisonburg pay the tariff.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1910-12-20
PRIZE FIGHTERS ARE
DISMISSED BY JUDGE

SCHENECTADY. n. T.. Dec. 90
Sam Langford. Hob Armstrong and
Perky FLYNN. arrested last night charK-
ed with participating In prize light.
were discharged by Justice Fairchtld
to. day. Jake Carey. manager OF the
American Athletic Club. which planned
to pull of the Armstrong Flynn fiKht.
was held In $500 bail for examination.
The arrests were part Of the program
Of the local ministerial association to
kill the fghting games in this city.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1910-12-20
DEPUTY SHERIFF
FALLS UNDER TRAIN

liATROBE. PA. Dec. 20.--During
a fight with party Of striking coal
miners, Deputy Sheriff Charles Davids
attempted TO board moving freight
train of the Pennsylvania Railroad at
Brendenyiile to-day and. missing hts
footing. fell to the rails and was
ground IL death.
Davidson. who was resident Of
Philadelphia. was escorting "A negro
trikbreaker to tho plant of the. La
trobe and Connellssiiie Coal Company
al Brendenville when attacked by the
strikers.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1910-12-20
AGED SCHOOL TEACHER FALLS
FROM TRESTLE To DEATH

ROANOKE. VA. Dec, 2a.---The
body OF Prof Lee A. II. Sullender,
30 years teacher In the public
schools OF Hotetourt county ana ut the
time OF his death principal OF the
schools AT Glen Wilton. Va. was
found under a railroad trestle near
buchanan, Va. Monday.
Ii IL thought he fell from the tres
tie while hurryinE In the dark last
night To catch train. His skull is
crushed He MAS 30 years old.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1910-12-20
WOERMANN LINE
STEAMER DISABLED

LAS PA1MAS CANARY ISLANDS,
Dec. 2o.--No word has been received
to-day from the Woermann line
II eanlers tngbert and Trina Woer-
mann. The latter vessel left last night
in the face Of bowling gale to sue
cor the lnGbert which was reported
twelve miles or tnc coast with dis
alied engines. After she sailed the
gale increased IN strength. and II Is
feared both vessels may have been
driven miles to the northward.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1910-12-20
DEPUTY SHER|FFs
SHOOT THREE MEN
REPORT SAYS STRIKERS ATTACK.
ED DEPUTIES AND WERE RE-
PULSED At piTrSBURG
COAL coMPANY'S
MINES

WEST NEWTON. PA, Dee. CO.
Word was conveyed to the local police
to-day OF the shooting OF three miners
at Osborne, near here early to-day by
deputy sheriifs guarding the mines OF
the Pittsburg Coal Company. 1t II re-
ported that the strikers attacked the
deputies and were repuiised The con-
dltion Of the wounded men in serious.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1910-12-20
DISAPPOINTMENT OF
1.-THE TRIAL"

The performance Of The Trial
unique and attractive amateur play
to have been given for the sake of
charity al Northside Hall on Thurs
day evening. December -. by the
music and elocution classes OF Miss
Maude Harvey. has been postponed
until Friday evening, December 30.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1910-12-20
GAVE CHECK FOR BARRELS
nIT HAD No Funds.

Especial to The Richmond Virginian,)
STANTON. VA. Dec s0.---Chief o.
Police X. NJ. Lipscomb arrived from.
Pocomoke Md, last night having ia
custody j. H. Rodbell, OF that place
carged with frand larceny. He
bought and shipped from Staunton two
years ago eco whiskey barrels, giving
4 check on a Maryland Bank which
was not honored. He had since been
IN Texas, recently returning to Mary
land.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1910-12-20
Isoy Dies From lnjuracs.

CAPE CHARl.E6, VA, Doc. TO-
George William SindpktnS. the lad
whose legs were crushed OF when
he fell under the wheels OF a freight
ear which he was endeAvortng to
board on Sunday. died before reach
ting the hospital At Norfolk, where ne
Was being taken for treatment.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1910-12-20
PRESIDENT TAFT 4
GIVES INTERVIEW
Talks Freely to United Press
Reporter on Issues of
the Day
HIS REASONS FOR
TARIFF COMMISSION
Points Out What Panama Ca
nal Viii Mean lnsures De-
velopment of American
Shipping Interest
PRESIDENT TAFTs VIEWS.

M scientific revision OF the
tartM IL possible without the
facts TO base IL on.
IL II beyond the ability Of a1y
body OF men. working tempOe-
artIy ON the fariR, to collect ana
digest the necessary infOrmat1On.
The failure Of Congress- TO
support . permanent tartR coA-
h..~..Un Idea would he = step
back ward.
The Panama Canal 1nauren the
development of the American
shipping indnstry.
The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1910-12-20

WASHINGTON. ID. G., Dec. 20.--
The United Press Is able to-day. an =
result of a special personal audiences
granted its Washington manager, TO-
present the following story dealing
with the Views of President Taft
upon the permanent tariff commission
and the future meaning OF the PAM
anna canal to American citizens
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1910-04-03

the fruit II IL often more trouble Q"
grow the Flemish pear b.-Cause Of it's sos
r"pt, hility - cab then =, rr'T the Victor.
vet IT. o-g'i 1T the frIit 'uaa 80 Il worth
" nilr ihr ,a-.0 - ri" Il 30 'raVfp-d
and 'sn b,D.ssta Iss@~H. got - ho wuH!i
r,i-. -" hIp",ttif bv a IIt'l' more trouble
h. "rriid Cri 49, tTsw f"rt'
N" Emai s'r. especially o. his garden
- smell. -u". "a rpniir., i.,n-cI; - th,.
,arie't"s - DE u.lt ,n ~" n"uti I'VE"
sl,h - ~" %roS"l pear. Gr,neS appi"
- gr'-a.l Ir-" pluH. VIII flis.- "
his s,Bs,o,a ''-fl';s should T." missed sOnpe
Fs-d-. yicuTp.s varicties 81 good quail
Rat go ..rr. g. bes- "A heavy crop ~
fairy y,.ud fruit every vCur Fo- thir
Brr,n~.. rc'.'.. mend ~" DF'JS,n sppi".
Bartlett D..sr aud ! p;aES-d pIur. With"
hes. I'D r.iiEblcs can glvavs lr counted
ln the bulk of ~" gaTds uer's spare should
DO given ~ better sJrts tina, thrive IN his
locality.
This matter ~ -sl~ct NJ vi -ietiss that
tHri'" IN y1ur lor~'.t- 80 ono ~ the fr-l
points 20 n" cnu ,id--''d N planting n frsii
garirn The aiv.re 81 ~ ghuors Who
have sr0wI irtiit successfully ~ always
worth CONSIDERING NV advice In all Irs-
RinneT@ In fruit gardening - tO have their
main planting Of tho tried and trtIs vario-
ties and % avoid novelties. sEospt . tTsS
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1910-04-03

~ two Or experimenting This advice
MI - t"ftrr appreciated ~hcn the
amateur :" -..I that ~ the three hundred
ard ,'i vtrieLics az 1pI,i.s listed ~ the
CI,rioy'ic ~ 'he PonOlogicII society
oUlv 'rtr;"- ut,r! ;srs -'5Tsz'trTcs ~ high
q'Hl't- AMI los ;han han 81 THESE are
.,rovn - any rS;~li
10" rSN' o.ut - tO sclert The vaTe
ti"- tEdt Tr" Your 'fvor,te~ even though
Tih'r psCr.' 10 10; coas.dnr tiieiu ~ h'yh
uIatty What HiiHer~ngs riO"s = make g.
yDU rrh"ih'r another man Ccrgir'c1s the
v ,io~ Sweet the highest 'Us'itv - aweaf
ap''''-- % 'hr nun Kin SWs,r' t1stas 'aitsr
- 'prs " I'll met ~ ulgpt vOur OwI
Lt'"rf'" " flew is the slightest chInr.
q! q drtu- veil ~ YOUR i1'il.''
Iu' D. ~" lriiit garden ~ tlc home
Psp.E,tis frf 90" hon ." 4 at should 60
"s.' ''a ...,i'',aVtl.fv 80 tho Gamer ~
b.. n'~.' tLt' amy and continent -hou.r
char! the ftamount ~. Ic,. mast be the
finIn" r''tI'u..
-Auu:h.'.. a.m s1oIld ~ To >s.la-, vaT'e-
ties thTt viii Civ" yOu fIe-h fUii' for a.
long p@TiUd Rs pns=ipi.' IT, his 500
tiOu yOu can select your varieties -
apples agd pears 80 a. to have ripe fruit
slm0~ tua "utirB year. FROM che Celiar
Of friend in New England ] have eaten
RoxbUry russct apples white ths Early
Harvest we're t,sinE gathered from the
orchard late in July. In that same house
have also eaten Winter NgviO penBs la
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1910-04-03

Fitzgerald: midseason varieties. Chairs.
FAEiy Crawford. Lemon cling. Oldmi on
fre'., Reeves and Foster: late varieties.
Crawford. FOH. SEnocS and Saiway.
For s'Ily plunls the bc-t varieties
n-c Jesierson. lombard. AbundsnDe. Red
June AID Mclaughlin: Fntdseason varieties.
Italian DruUs. Golden DROP. Grsaengage.
IMMORTAL gage. BavRy and Burbank: late
Vs"ict,"s. shropshire. Damson and Mild
gOO-s
For n sUccession oE grapss tho hest
early Varieties are Brighton. Mooro.
Nofden and Noy"T: nidscas.la varieties.
delaware. Concord, Diamond. Niagara.
Vengeance and wilder: l.ts variet les.
CstsWba and Co~ths
Tho best varieties among tho early
sweet cherries are Black Hear EfOn
and Governor Mood: fuidseR -Jn varieties.
Black fagic. NsDOleon. Tay;arian. Rock
fort and spanish late variety. Winsor.
For sour cherries plant M0ntmorenCy .
EugPue. May Duke or RichtnOnd.
III" ~ ~ yEri tbs OF ltfiEc ~ for this
section sr, Champion, OranEe and r a.
III IN re- 10 room thu honte fruit garden
should by all meana irclltds - least ore
or two var, ties Of small fruisA. Tho
b. ~ varieties Of clrTHnts arH Red DtItTF
Crap. You should always b~uT IN mind
III tho flavor Of a white current n more
a. 'licRts than thnse % tho red verietiss.
-For rcd raapborTirs plant C.Ithbert.
Marlboro. Golden Queen or Turner.
for black rnHpb0rB8am tn8o 0rBRH, COmFath.
Cumb~rjand or PAlnier. Ths best vaTi-
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1910-04-03

well an the other dancers. had been trained
by Otto Barlik OF the Metropolitan ballet.
In her dance at the Plaza Mrs Burden
wore the customary accordion 9leats
Of the SKIRT dancer. while her oom-
paniOn. Harvey LAdew. was in evening
dress
Mrs. Joseph GrinneH Willis Ia now
living in MorTistown and is a GRANDPA ugh
ter Of a family well known in New York
society. She was before her marriage
Emile Mayer. and her mother was the
eldest daughter OF the hate Theodore
HavsEneyer. Mrs. Mayer died several
years ago at her home in Ramsay. where
the family had lived ever since her mar
rage near the famous country estate
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1910-04-03

social history when there were cot:agers
at Newport from the South.
Mrs. Hartman now spends at Aiken
much Of the time that Ehe does not pass At
her country home at Mount Kisco. which
is considered one % the ncst beautiful
PLACES Of che wcstchester colony. A fsw
weeks o. the winter sesson she passes
a: one Of the city hotels hut she prefers
49, "A rule the simpler life OF the country
and the smaller southern town in wkich
she has long had house. There she
gOss Ia the hegianing Of December and
remains until April. with the exception
Of a brief three weeks or 80 that she gives
Ia citv gayelies in January. when the
season i at its height
Mrs. Hartman. who was Mise Grace
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1910-04-03
FIGHT WITH DEIILFTSH.
Pacinr GUass Fishcrmrn's ENperience
with aOn~ ~ gsughi w Nets.

Sdazditi0 s1rrrsJDHaS 49, ~ F,CHcf=Cp fdN.
For 40 hOuT- TIL afternoon ". 4 'aTT-
bell. a local -ah il-heri tan. " .th Joe BrillO
and a -ecOnd companion. NAgc ds.~I
light for no" ..th ten fuot dcSil0sh in
small crab boat outside the he tbs, hnally
capturing the monster and landing u Whore
alive.
Ire three men we're exhausted from
rhsiT long hattie b. the time they rrasirrd
sausalio. but continued their struggle
untii tho O~topus WAS brought ashore and
placed IN captivity. The arrival NJ tho
launch Nith IT, nerre cargo drew a iarEe
crowd 10 the beach and caused considerable
eRcitsmsnt among .SS fishermen.
Campbsn and hlB cgmpaRlSns l'9ady
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1910-04-03

society presented on that day.
Mrs. Arthur scott Burden. who was
Cynthia Roche before her marriage. In
the granddaughter of Frank Work. She
also has appeared in charitabIe perform
anc~s. although dancing and not singing
or posing has been her speciality. Mrs.
Burden. who lives ct i27 East Fifty nth
street. danced last winter at the Plaza.
hut attracted more attention when she
took part last spring in the ballet from
The Battered Bride which had been
one Of ths showcases % the season at the
Metropolitan Opera House. Mrs. Bur
den wore in this dance the characteristic
Bohemian peasant costume. and she. ~
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1910-04-03

Of Theodore HAvemeyer Mrs. Wna-
has .isced most Of her life in and near
Morris,uwn with the exception Of time
after her intrOduc.i lion Ia society. since
hcr marriage she as been frequently IN
New York. She n Of course related n
the many branches Of the HaVsnSsyer
family in New York.
Mrs. Thomas p. Battelle is another
addition 20 New York sOciety from a
Southern city. She was Miss Mary
GeClcles Gillct Of Baltimore before she came
"a live In New York. Her present FSai-
dence Is at $50 Madison avenue. Mrs.
q. y. Warner was Miss AIcAIichaol and
lived previous Ia her marriage at aJI
Madison avenue.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1910-04-03

eties OF blackbsrries are Snyder, Early
Harvest Taylor and AKawrm. fhe best
goOseberries are DOwninG. Pale Red.
pesrI Red JCckSt. Smith. Columbus.
Industry end ChGutauQua For early
strawberries plant clyde. B'ibach. Gr-en-
vile. i-bvGii, WsrfsId. Michel az CT.s-
cont; for midsoPsOn. Brandy wIns. sharp
less. GIer MPry End MrITllali: tor lat,
sersoD. Candy or sample.
In selecting from, Nv" varieties thRt
have nam"d I w'nt "a ToV-at thE' u ~
always we'll TO consult = nslghbOr VINO has
grown fruit HIcC-ssfIlly. a. sides tniz
"a is we'll 20 know something Of IN" quality
Of erch vRri..ty
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1910-04-03

Carley 81 Louisville, ny. has three young
sons. Her husband - one 81 ths first
Hartman brothers. tn" sons oT the hate
Oliver Hartman, long c"n-picupus m New
York social and financial life
Mrs Richard stevens. who has recently
become one ~ the be-t known e New
York 'samateur vocsllists. II na Inv" of Bos-
ton. She has lived in Hohoksn svs- since
her marriage To- a member ~ the stevens
family Il Hohoksn. Mrs stevens posed
two years ago in the cha rity ttbIeaux
organized 10y Mrs Herbert SbipnIan at
the Plaza as Thris. and her picture GA
that occasion was one Of the most beau
iiful that ti'e young women Of New York
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1910-04-03

had a good haul nj crabs IN their launch
when tho deviif-h. cHugh, m the nassbss
~ net was hauled 30 the surface. Be-
leVng that they could kill he monster IN
the boat tho men hauled u aboard. Sniy
to pTeclptiHtc q desperate hattie that con
tinued untii hey reached shore
I bn deS ilf@h tore it-elf loo-e from ths
net at tho nr.t struggle End. wiDdsnE two
NJ H. tsniarlc- about thu g,suN aies 81 ths
launch. threw Hnotlrr about The En-cieus
enaln" wisich d alsao@t tore from fhe
flooring. The men we're forced Ia rusb for
sif-;~ % tho further end ~ the lprn.. CAsnc-
b~'i iating ~ n position IN the st~ru " ifh
en- orr for = Weapon ard the other two re-
ire alag 20 tu- by-
tOr an hour The men beat ilsa 'lev tlfah
With oar. With ,at being ans 10 LIN II. bert
finally wIh the u-s ~ the torn net SUB
dtesi 10 ~ that the luuttrh 'oti.d ~ started
The Sight lasted. however. i.ii tho way - ths
ehoTe.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1910-04-03
SOCIETY'S YOUNG NATIONS
RECENT PORTRAITS or WOMEN
CONSPICUOUS SOCIALLY.
which some eG Them
Have Exhibited nc Charitable Enter
talnments Women &C southern Birth
VINO Have Married New Workers.

Mrs Oliver Hartman j. one OF the
Southern women who ore conspicuous
in New York society. She il a native OF
kentucky. although she spent much
II her time before her marriage in New
York and at Newport. where her father
had a summer home. at the period in its
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1910-04-03
wisconsin wan.~ O,sd MIn.

Bslo1 sorrss poaaieHc. Mi'edry Wts~oasiH.
One OF the shOrtest Wills ever Wrtttsn usa
drawn ~ the late Joseph lless OT Bei0is
aud reads ~ follow
4 am 10 n,y right mind. ! will my right
70 Annie us-., ls wita ! give everything
In her h. nda. dry acrr- ~ land, two hogses.
100 'oVa She has the riEht 10 sali q esss
wants 10 she ran gre 'he children a dol
lar " ehe wants to-
The Will Vas signed BY Wges RuI two
pitncsnes. u was lying around tlis housr
for nearly two years before Mrs. Hess Eo1As
inad % had any vaiur
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1910-04-03
The HOME FRUIT GARDEN
iRTE TIES or man Q| am
Nor HIRD 10 GRON
lnsi'' HIDsHJy IN the Nmstrur'. Orchard
s'onsliuSO- tS We Remembered W
SSIerttnE saTi~Ur, ptaat'BE 60 =
~ur' ~-.Irn GUItuFr ~ ~rIaII fruits.


1t - usually about ~ easy - grow
hizh quality frlHL a. IN" I'""r"r c";np"--
"Isl .trtetin-. said tN,. head ~ one. e.. tu"
i'"rt kuoH u nurseries M the cn.utr~.
he uai"rtty 80 Rrul'"tIr- seem ~ th'''k
That high quality fruit ~ u.-'.ss ar
II tiug ~ 'Igpr. "r-pT" iu"tiy" AVID
-.Isa 81 Libl. ." di-.'ae'.s both - TO-" ;r'"
and tu.. irIIit ire Truth ~ me r.4ti,.r
~ that some II the very best ,l.-s-rrt
vAreties. liz. th" NcIu'prh apple the
STSw ford peach. ~" Dana Hpycy pear
and 10 J"T-rs"n PluTn. Ar" As free FROM
th~r~ draw baok- ~ poorer sorts
here are usually enough 1T ths-e
vigorous and productive quality varieties
that vail thriv" IN any locality a. Gii out
h list Oi an amateur fruit gTpwer. but ~
MT he should remember that h. often
rays 70 grow q variety not markedly pro-
auoHvs becauas Of the high quality Of
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1910-05-14
Deep Flowing and the
Moisture Conservation
BY George Edward Swan Assistant Secretary Farming Congress

The depth 10 cultivate should be
governed by the depth to which the
rainfall vets the son." writes Ne
braska farmer in tre Dry Farming
| Congress Bulletin. If we cultivate
| deeper than the falling rain penetrates
We cannot conserve the moisture, be-
cause the clods lying below the layer
/ wet by showers will dry out and the
grain sprouts end dies for want of
moisture before the next shower
comes.
The majority of dry farmers operat-
ing in the semiarid y est Will take issue
with this statement. The experience of
I many OF the older dry farmers as re-
ported in the official reports of the Dry
Farming Congress and in the agricul-
tural papers. has been that the depth
10 which the rainfall vets the ground
depends largely upon the depth to
which the ground is opened by deep
blowing
Getting the Moisture.
Getting moisture into the soil is one
of the most important problems before
the dryland farmer It is purely phy-
steal problem and its solution is found
in the application of simple physical
laws, according to the most successful
dry farmers. On the hard baked. COM
pact soils of the high western plains the
itiO4o%NtAC QOCS IOl penetrate beneath the
sod except where the ground has been
opened by blowing. In order TO get
moisture into the soil TO sustain the
growing crops, men are forced to open
the ground so that it will absorb the
rainfall.
1t has been the experience on these
lends, that the moisture is held in the
soil to depth prOpOrtiOnate to that to
which the ground is opened by blowing
If the sod is not broken. the moisture
which fails upon it in the form of rain.
runs off in tiny rivuletS that become
creeks in the deep arrOyOs and swell the
volume of distant rivers to flood stage
The falling water will not take the
trouble TO break open the surface of the
Il naturally will take the easiest course
toward its level, which always is the
level of the far off sea.
ShntterinG ne soil.
On the other hand, if the farmer will
break open the surface of the ground
and shatter the compactneSs of the soil
mass, leaving numberless tiny inter-
stices to the extreme depth of the fur
rev, the water. naturally will sink into
these interstices and. following its
tendency to seek its level. will pene-
trate to the depth to which The ground
is broken.
Soil has remarkable capacity for
absorbing moisture. The Great Thirst
Country, as applied TO Il desert is not
a meaningless figure of speech and is
not confined in its application TO the
human or brute creatures who stray up
on Its desolate wastes. 1t applies
equally to the Coil of the desert. which
VIII drink air the water nature sees
fit to pour upon it in the form of rain
or snow. and, if the supply holds out. |
will not stop short of Swamplsh disso- !
luton. But the soil Will not open its |
parched lips to receive the invigorating !
craught. Man must take a hand in |