The San Francisco call., 1910-12-16
FARM NEWS AND VIEWS


Colts should have plenty of exercise
to make bone and muscle, and should
be allowed to run on pasture or the
winter wheat field as much as the
weather will allow. They should be
salted frequently and given plenty OF
good. pure water to drink. Tney
should be kept in warm stalls when
the weather is too severe to allow
them to run out. There is no animal
on the farm which will return so good
profit as the young colt. If 1T is de-
veloped properly 1t must have plenty
of feed and attention.
One reason why many farmers do not
get rid of weeds on their farms is be-
cause they try to cultivate too much
land. To keep weeds down crops must
be cultivated all the time, and if there
is more land than can be covered as
often as needs be the weeds will get
the better of one every time
The people of the United States spend
about 5000 100000 every year for paint
and varnish, the three items-white
lead. zinc oxide and linseed oil-cover-
ing s40,000000, a large part of which
is expended on farm buildings, fences,
etc. The railroads pay yearly about
| $20, 100000 of this sum-one-tenth of
the country's annual paint bill
The bureau or animal INDUSTRY
United States department of agricul-
ture, gives the following recipe for hog
cholera, which is claimed by many who
| have tried it to be invaluable in ward
| ing off the disease: One part wood
charcoal. one part sulphur, two parts
salt, two parts baking soda, two parts
sodium hyposulphite. one part sodium
| sulphate, one part antimony sulphate.
Pulverize and mix thoroughly. Dose,
one tablespoonful for each zoo pounds
weight of hog, once a day.
| One of the effects Of the use of salt
] on land is to increase the capacity Of
| the soil for retaining moisture. About
| one barrel per acre has been known to
| benefit grass during periods Of drought.
| the salt being applied in May. Kainit
| contains large proportion of salt. as
well as about IL per cent of potash,
and may be used in preference
Experiments made at the Pennsy1-
vania experiment station show that hill
strawberries are not larger and better
formed than those grown in matted
rows. provided the matted row is a
narrow one. Both hills and matted
rows produced fruit somewhat inferior
to that from narrow matted rows. 1t
is evident that different soil conditions
and cultural methods, especially in the
matter of manuring would change
these results somewhat more favorably
to the hill system.
Some one has estimated from statis-
tics that fruit trees and bushes will
bear the following periods: Apples, for
25 to 40 years; blackberry, for TO IA
years; currant. for 20 years; goose
berry. for to 10 years; pear. for so
to 75 years; plum, for 20 to 25 years.
and raspberry, for to II years.
Connecticut station bulletin No. 6S
contains general information on rails
ing calves, and reports the actual cost
of feeding five heifers from birth until
two years old The average cost of
the feed the first year was $2S.24, and
for the second year S27.25. The labor.
interest and other items would make
the total cost about $71 for the two
heifers, from which should be deducted
s5 for the value of the manure. The
cost of the feed was rated as follows:
New milk. 50 per 100 pounds: skim
milk. 20 cents per 100 pounds; hay. s12;
silage, 81, and grain, $50 per ton.
Good drainage is important on potato
fields. Potatoes will stand less excess
of moisture than most farm crops, and
unless there is natural drainage resort
should be had to artificial drainage.
When attending a farmers institute
recently, Professor G. L. Martin, head
of the dairy department of the North
Dakota agricultural college, was asked
the question, "How much should butter
be salted?" His reply was, For ordi-
nary marketing, from three-fourths of
an ounce to one ounce to the pound of
butterfat.''
The development of Tactic acid, or the
souring of cream. does not increase its
butterfat content. AS a rule, when
cream becomes sour. it is more difficult
| to test than when it is sweet. The diff
Guilty in obtaining an accurate test of
sour milk or cream lies in the fact
that it is not easy to obtain an accu-
rate sample.
Horses which have vicious habits are
frequently broken of them by harsh
treatment, followed by kindly treat
ment However, in such cases the
horse retains an i'll will for the man
who broke him, and if be dare would
take revenge. He may fear to manifest
his feelings, but he still has the vicious
feeling, and such horse has not the
desirable temperament.
Breeders sometimes have particular
months and particular periods of the
month in which they breed their stock,
with the idea of getting thrifty animals.
others have a superstition that fat
horse breeds best, while others still in
cline to the belief in lean animals for
good breeding results
Soil that has produced a crop of scab-
by potatoes should be used for some
other crop for several years, because
the scab spores live over in the soil and
will attack subsequent crops for FIVE
or six years afterward. For potatoes
select. If possible. northern slope.
since the crop will suffer less on such
slope during hot, dry weather.
Seeing isn't always believing. 1t
often depends upon what newspaper
Won see 1T in