davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1910-04-05
CARTER AND LEWIS
ADJUDCEO GUILTY
Ut Attempting to Influence
venireman Daniel
10 DAYS IN JAIL FOR LEWIS

Owing to Death of Mothcr.-T4le
Approached Daniel and Stated that
Powell Wa Crazy and that if He
Was Taken On the jury to do All
They Could for Powell.
Especial to News and O~bserver.)
Weldon, April Fudge Ward in
Halifax Superior court this morning
imposed a fine of fifty dollars and
costs on l.. r. Carter and a sentence
Of ten days in Jail on G. T. Lewis
for attempting to influence Nenire-
man l.. A. Daniel in V Of L. e.
Powell on trial for murder Of
Charles w. Durn.
In obedience to the rule issued by
Judge Ward yesterday, l.. r. Carter,
of Scotland Neck, and c. Z. Lewis.
of Palmyra. appeared in court this
morning. The evidence Of Daniel
was hat Garter and Lewis approach
ed him knowing him to be a special
venireman and said that Powell was
a crazy man and that people up
there wanted to hang him, and then
said: III you are taken on the jury
do all You can for Powell" The de-
PENDANTS alleged that the conversa-
ton occurred before they knew that
Daniel was q Venireman, but when
cross-examined by w. T.. Daniel for
the State, they could not explain why
they should ask Daniel to do all he
could for the ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS he
was taken on the jury h a
knowledge of the fact that they were
talking to a Venireman, and they
were adjudged guilty. Judge Ward
in imposing fine on Carter said: Il
would send you to Jail cut for the
fact that your mother dice yester-
day
University Missourian. [volume] (Columbia, Mo.) 1908-1916, 1910-12-18
JUDGE LIKES FRESH AIR
Jurors Wear Wraps When ventlitor
Works,

Jurors Wear Wraps When ventiitor
Works.
| James W. Gerard, justice of the SUI
preme 'court, is strong advocate of
fresh air. To permit free and sooth-
ing current of air to circulate in the
part in which he sits he has invented,
but not yet patented an apparatus to
give his tendency full play.
This apparatus consists of an elc-
trio fan which is placed in the center
Of board wherein round hole has
been cut, and which is then fitted to a
window frame with the bottom part of
the widow damned down tight on it.
And when the electric current is
turned on full tilt something of
current results
Justice Gerard sat in Part 5. trial
term, and the invention of the court
was very much in contempt, causing
the jurors to obtain special permission
to wear their hats in the courtroom,
an unprecedented thing in the su-
preme court, and the partly baldhead-
ed stenographer had to leave his job
for the day and put on substitute.
+ The blower or ventilator was put
in place in window that was on
line with the Justices desk, and the
first thing that happened was the
blowing of all the judicial documents
from the desk. Justice Gerard looked
up from his work and smilingly sug-
gested that the fan be transferred to
a window a little further over, and
there it operated at about thousand
revolutions to the minute.
1t didn't make much difference for
a little while, but presently the tenn
perature began to fall, and first some
of the, jurors put on their overcoats.
then followed permission to wear hats.
But Justice Gerard apparently was
hugely satisfied with the work of his
invention, which performed its func-
ton unusually well-New York Trib-
une.
University Missourian. [volume] (Columbia, Mo.) 1908-1916, 1910-12-18
First Baptist Church,

The Rev. w. j. Howell will preach
at both morning and evening services.
The musical program in the morning
follows: Anthem, Gloria in Excel.
sis" lTours), male chorus; solos by
Messrs. Davis. Durrett and Rees:
quartet, Christian. the Morn Breaks"
(Shelley), Miss Ammerman. Miss Be
wick. Mr.. Durrett, Mr.. Rees. The
sermon at the morning service. at II
O'Clock, will be on The Souls Earlier
Landmarks" The musical program at
the evening service. at $50 o'clock,
is: Anthem, Let Us Praise Our Lord
and King (Billetes), by male chorus !;
violin solo, Revere" (Marsick), by
George Venable. The sermon will be
on Jesus Solving the Problems of HUI.
man Need" Sunday School will be
held AT $50 O'clock. Five classes for
students in the University of Missouri
are now maintained in the Sunday
School
University Missourian. [volume] (Columbia, Mo.) 1908-1916, 1910-12-18
OXFORD STICKS TO GREEK.
Hellenic Language Will Have Equal
Rights With Latin.

Rights With Latin.
Humanity is not dead after all. OK
ford sticks to Greek. 1t is great vic
tory for the Hellenists. for it was con.
gregation and not convention which
declined to make Greek optional for
all. No one can say that the country
parsons did it. or that expert opinion.
all those who are actively concerned
in running the university. were in
favor of the change and overborne by
outside reaction brought up for the
purpose Greek must have equal rights
with Latin. The ordinary undergradu-
ate should be made to know something
of both and if he is to be allowed to
do with only one, Greek must have as
good chance of being taken as Latin.
This, as Prof. Gilbert Murray says,
will save Greek at the public schools.
For the specialist, the mathematical
or science man, we have always been
willing to let him off Greek; though
in our Judgment it will generally be
better for him if he is not let Off
The Saturday Review.
University Missourian. [volume] (Columbia, Mo.) 1908-1916, 1910-12-18
Presbyterian Church.

Usual services will be held in the
morning at II O'Clock, with the sermon
by the pastor. DR.. w. W. Elwang.
The offering will be for iniirm minis
tiers, and the widows and orphans of
deceased ministers. New members
will be received in the evening. The
following program of music will be
given:
Organ prelude. "Triumphal
Miss Jesse.
Hymn. choir and congregation.
Prayer.
Anthem, Savior When Night In
wolves the Skies" Shelly
Quartet
Violin Solo, Miss Potter.
Vocal solo, The Penitent"
Observation-Disclosures. Van Dewater
Mrs. Lucas.
Anthem, adore and Be Still. .Nicoli
Quartet.
Vocal duet, Il Will Magnify
Ihee ........... d. .MOSenthal
Mrs. Lucas, Mr. Riser.
Offering.
Organ solo, Largo" ....... Handel
Miss Jesse
Vocal solo. Aria from ST. Paul.
Mr.. Riser
Anthem, University male quartet.
Anthem, There Were Shepherds"
Quartet
University Missourian. [volume] (Columbia, Mo.) 1908-1916, 1910-12-18
Christian Church.

Bible School at $50 o'clock; morn
ing service at 1O:45 o'clock; sermon,
The Child's Defense of the Christian
Religion;" evening service 7:30
o'clock, sermon, The Service Rem
dered by the Goodwin Men of a Com
munity;" North Side Bible School at
G:30 o'clock; Intermediate Endeavor
Society, $3.50 o'clock; Senior Endeavor
Society. $50 o'clock.
University Missourian. [volume] (Columbia, Mo.) 1908-1916, 1910-12-18
Aliens Photographs for Xmas.
A Christmas Thouohr.

The greatest king that ever lived in
all the universe was a king because
he gave of his kngdom-which was
merely a human heart-to the kingli-
ness of others. Everybody can be 4
king !-Baltimore Sun
University Missourian. [volume] (Columbia, Mo.) 1908-1916, 1910-12-18
Notice.

The City Collector has handed ME
list of delinquents on licenses.
These are among the real estate deal
ers and transfer men. If these parties
do not send in full by the goth they
will be prosecuted in the police court.
H. A. COLLIER. City Attorney.
University Missourian. [volume] (Columbia, Mo.) 1908-1916, 1910-12-18

Aliens VioIins for Christmas.
University Missourian. [volume] (Columbia, Mo.) 1908-1916, 1910-12-18
Fruit, Fruit, Fruit.

Don't forget TO see Tony Arena for
good basket of fruit. Tony has
fruit of all kinds. Come to the Fruit
Place and buy your fruit and celery
for the holidays. Northwest Corner
nth and Ash. Tony Arena.
University Missourian. [volume] (Columbia, Mo.) 1908-1916, 1910-12-18
WABASH TIME CARD.

east and west Train No. 81 makes connections
Id BELL. Local Aren't.
University Missourian. [volume] (Columbia, Mo.) 1908-1916, 1910-12-18

Your racer honed sharp-25 cents.
Your hair cut to your like Is cents.
]. G. Williams, Barber Shop. ia
Broadway. -
University Missourian. [volume] (Columbia, Mo.) 1908-1916, 1910-12-18
Episcopal Church.

CPISCUpdT OHUTCH'
The Rev. Henry P. Horton. rector,
will hold Holy Communion at !7:3O
O'Clock this morning, and the morn
ing prayer and sermon at II o'clock.
The evening service has been discon.
tinued until January s.
University Missourian. [volume] (Columbia, Mo.) 1908-1916, 1910-12-18
Methodist Church.

Pastor will preach at both evening
and morning services; those desiring
membership in the church will be re-
ce:ved at the morning service: the
League will hold its regular devo-
|tional meeting at $50 o'clock
University Missourian. [volume] (Columbia, Mo.) 1908-1916, 1910-12-18
A Dubious Treat.

In honor of the eventful day of grad
uation from cooking school she got
up little spread
Yes, I've got the loveliest diploma, -
cried the fair graduate Its on
sheepskin parchment. with big gold
seal. | cooked that dish you are eat.
ing Now. just guess what it is
'Is-it-er-" the young cynic paus,
ed impressivcly. is it the diploma
Peggy ?"-Success Magazine
University Missourian. [volume] (Columbia, Mo.) 1908-1916, 1910-12-18

Trains No. 20. Sc and 3s make connections for
for east only. For further particulars phone 49,
University Missourian. [volume] (Columbia, Mo.) 1908-1916, 1910-12-18
Church Neu,s.
Catholic Church.

Only one mass, s o'clock; Sunday
School 9 o'clock; evening service I:30
O'Clock, rosary sermon
University Missourian. [volume] (Columbia, Mo.) 1908-1916, 1910-12-18

Hand Bags-a large assortment and
reasonably priced at Henninger's. So
University Missourian. [volume] (Columbia, Mo.) 1908-1916, 1910-12-18

Sterling silver card eases at Hen
ringers.
The Columbia herald. [volume] (Columbia, Tenn.) 18??-1935, 1910-02-25
WON'T AGREE TO
PEACE PROPOSALS
WASHINGTON REPRESENTATIVE
OF REVoLUTIONlST HEARS
FROM NICARAGUA.

WASHINGTON Feb. 22.-Overtures
for peace which President Madriz, OF
Nicaragua, is said to have suggested
in the hope of ending the revolution
will not be considered for a moment
by the Provisional Government, &C.
cording to Senior Salvatore Castrillo,
the representative here of the Estra-
da Government Senior Castrillo to-
night received a cablegram from Senior
Chamorro, father of Gen. Chamorro,
second in command of the Estrada
army It is dated Panama and reads:
Intervention of Espinosa and SAGA
sa inconvenient."
This is taken to mean that the mat
ter will not be accepted by Estrada,
who has been In communication with
Chamorro. Espinosa was Minister for
Foreign Affairs under former Presi-
lent zelaya, and Sacasa held the port
'ollo OF the interior in the same cab
net.
The Columbia herald. [volume] (Columbia, Tenn.) 18??-1935, 1910-02-25
AGAINST SOFT
DRINK DEALERS
DISTRESS WARRANTS ISSUED AT
REQUEST OF ATTORNEY GEN
ERAL OF KNOX COUNTY.

KNOXVILLE, Feb. 21.-At the re
quest of Attorney General Reuben L
Gates, of Knox county. today, twenty
two distress warrants against clubs
and soft dring stands were issued from
the office CT the county court clerk,
and at least majority of them were
served this afternoon and tonight, and
the others will be in the morning. At.
torney General Gates claims that they
havegbeen selling whiskey. and most
of the places were closed. 1t is said
that the information which caused
the action to be taken was furnished
by the police department. The places
kept by the Order of Owls and the
American Order of Owls were among
those closed.
The Columbia herald. [volume] (Columbia, Tenn.) 18??-1935, 1910-02-25
CANDIDATES MEET
AT SPRING HILL
MCLAURINE SICK AND UNABLE
TO SPEAk-LARGE CROWD -
HEAR OTHER AsPlRANTs.

Therewas good sized audience out
at Spring Hill on Monday night to hear
the candidates for the judiciary speak
Rufus H. McLaurine was sick and una
BILE to attend the meeting, but the 9th.
er candidates were all out. The de.
bate for attorney general was opened
by Thomas H. PEBBLES who spoke for
about fifteen minutes along the usual
lines. He was followed by Horace
Frierson. Both of the candidates for
attorney general were given most cor
dial receptions.
Judge Turner had the evening all to
himself so far as the field for Judge
Was concerned and he made good use
of his opportunity He was repeated
~ interrupted with applause.
The Columbia herald. [volume] (Columbia, Tenn.) 18??-1935, 1910-02-25
MEETING OF
MAURY TEACHERS
WILL BE HELD SATURDAY,
MARCH 5.-LETTER TO COUN-
TY SUPERINTENDENT.

The next regular meeting of the
Maury County Teachers Association
will be held in Columbia on Saturday
March g. The following program viii
be carried out:
Primary Section.
1.-Niver's History of England, Chap
tiers 5, by Mr.. ]. A. Derryberry
2.-Tompkin's School Management
PIP. 81 to 129, by Mrs. Jesse Tom
linson.
Secondary Section.
1-Salisburys Theory of Teaching,
chapters 10 to 10, by Mr. w. P.
Morton.
O. Parkman's Sale and the Discov-
cry of the Great West, chapters
IL to II, by Mr.. l.. s. Duke.
The following self-explanatory let
ter from State Superintendent R. L.
Jones has been received by County
Superintendent Graham:
Dear SIR
l am sending you, under separate
cover, preliminary program of the
Seventh General Convention of the
Religious Education Association to be
held in Nashville March Sth, 9th and
10th, 1910. l trust you will give this
publicity through the local
press and your teaching body.
The purpose of this Association is
ITO inspire the education forces of our
country with the religious ideal; to
inspire the religious forces of our
with the educational ideal;
and to keep before the public mind
he ideal of religious education and .
he sense of its need and value" I
This Association is composed of
he strongest and best men in the
whole country and Is doing a very
type of work 1t is hoped
hat large delegation of Tennessee
EDUCATORS may be present.
Sincerely Yours,
R. L. JONES,
State Superintendent.
The Columbia herald. [volume] (Columbia, Tenn.) 18??-1935, 1910-02-25
LOOK INTO TYPHOID
EPIDEMIC NEXT
GRAND JURY THROUGH INVES-
TIGATlON OF THE SWOPE
DEATHS.

KANSAS CITY, Feb. % To deter
mine, if possible, the cause of the
| typhoid fever epidemic that attack
ed the Swope homestead, the grand
jury now investigating the deaths OF
Thomas H. Swope and Chrisman
Swope will begin the examination
of witnesses probably tomorrow
The first step toward delving into
the fever angle of the case was taken
to-day when Miss Belle Dickson, a
governess, and Miss Georgia Comp
ton, a seamstress, were subpoenaed
to appear before the inquisitorial
body tomorrow. Both women were
employed in the Swope home and
were stricken with typhoid.
The grand jury is said practically
to have completed its inquiry into
the deaths of Thomas H. Swope and
of Chrisman Swope. The reports of
the three Chicago scientists who ex-
amined the viscera of the two men
were the most important testimony
heard regarding this phase OF the
case.
Virgil Conkling, the prosecuting at
torney, said to-day he believed the
grand jury would be in session an
other week
An agreement whereby Mrs. Logan
o .Swope is to appear before a no.
tary Wednesday morning and give
her deposition in the SANDER suit
brought by DR.. C. B. Hyde was reach
ed to-day after stormy session be-
tween attorneys representing Mr..
Hyde and the legal representatives
If the Swope estate.
DR.. Hyde's attorneys objected to de-
aging the taking of the dispositions.
Miss Margaret Swope and Miss Lucy
lee Swope will give their dispositions
IN succeeding days following Mrs
;wope.
The Columbia herald. [volume] (Columbia, Tenn.) 18??-1935, 1910-02-25

dilatory and the school that does not
heal this deformity is Of little merit
All purils should become conscious
Of a reward 70 honest effort This re-
ward Is so far in the distance that
Iimary pupils fail 10 be encouraged
By IL This fact is realized in the
limary department and the teachers
are putting forth every honest effort
to approach perfection in regularity
and punctuality
Among other incentives. a pennant
has been made: it will be given at
ard Of each school month TO the grade
having the highest average attend
anee This penant is an elegant de-
sign. The dominant color, blue, has
beautiful golden rim. In the broader
half is inserted a crescent with a star
on the one side and the word Honor"
on the other, all in gold. The whole
presents a striking appearance and is
a source of encouragement to those
who gaze upon it from day to day.
There was great anxiety shown
among the grades-each wanted to
know which was to get the new" pen
nant. Finally the reckoning was
made and Miss Carrie E. Smith, of the
second grade showed that her pupils
had registered ninety-fve and three
tenths per cent. as a general attend
ance which entitled them to the pen
nant for the first month This was
pursued by another grade which had
and six-tenths per cent
Notice should be taken that three
IT. the grades fell below ninety per
cent in regular attendance.
The pennant was presented to the
second grade by Superintendent Har-
is, who made very appropriate |
speech. 1t is now "restlessly sleep
ng,, in the second grade room and
will remain there until one of the 9TH
r grades makes the highest average
tendance. We are anxiously wait
ng to see who will get it next time.
let every pupil do his part. Who
will get the banner?
The Columbia herald. [volume] (Columbia, Tenn.) 18??-1935, 1910-02-25
THE BEST HOUR OF LIFE
State Superintendent

is when you do some great deed or dis.
cover some wonderful fact This hour
came to J. r. Pitt, of Rocky Mt, N. c..
when he was suffering intensely, as he
says, from the worst cold l ever had,
| then proved to my great satisfaction,
what a wonderful Cold and Cough cure
DR.. Kings New Discovery is. For, af-
ter taking one bottle, l was entirely
cured You can't say anything too
good medicine like that" It's the
surest and best remedy for diseased
lungs, Hemorrhages, LaGrippe. Asth-
ma, Hay Fever-any Throat or Lung
Trouble. soc, $1.00. Trial bottle free.
by GEO. s. ALCORN
The Columbia herald. [volume] (Columbia, Tenn.) 18??-1935, 1910-02-25
VARDAMAN ATLAST
BEATEN FOR SENATOR
IN LONG DEADLOCK
MISSISSIPPI SENDS coNsERVA-
TIVE TO TIE NATIONAL
CONGRESS.
LEROY PERCY IS THE VICTOR
Noted Lawyer Wins BY Vote Of 81 to
81 Amid Scenes of the Widest
confusion-oppositlon to the Elk
Governor Combined.

JACKSON. Miss, Feb. 22LeRoy
Percy, Of Greenville. one of the most
brilliant lawyers of Mississippi, was
tonight nominated as United States
Senator from the State of Mississippi
to fill out the unexpired term of A. ].
McLaurin, who died Dec. %, last.
The election was on the fifty-eighth
ballot and after a deadlock that had
continued since Jan. 4 with one or
two ballots nearly every day. At the
beginning there were seven or eight
candidates, but they dropped out one
after another until four were left
Three of them-Percy, Kyle and Bird
-pitted against Vardaman, and find
ing it impossible to combine their
votes on any one of the three so as
to make Vardaman's defeat certain,
all of the candidates held a caucus
today and it was determined that all
of the candidates should get out of
the race except MI Percy, who was
to make a show down against a com
mon enemy
When the result of the ballot was an
nOunced there was a scene of widest
confusion. The vote was Percy 81,
Vardaman 80.
The Columbia herald. [volume] (Columbia, Tenn.) 18??-1935, 1910-02-25
DIXIE FLYER
STRIKES A Man
RONEY SHARKS RECEIVES SIEVE
AL SEVERE CUTS AND BRUSH
ES-HoRSE is KILLED. n

SPRINGFIELD, Tenn, Feb. 81.
Roney Starks was severely injured
about 6 O'Clock this evening by being
struck by the fast l.. & N. train, known
as the Dixie Flyer" Mr. Starks was
approaching the Main street railroae
crossing just asthe train was an
preaching the station. The horse ~
was riding became suddenly frightetA
ed, running head long into the faAt
moving train, the engine of which had
just gotten beyond the crossing. Tbs
horse was instantly killed and MI
Starks received several severe cute
and bruises.
The Columbia herald. [volume] (Columbia, Tenn.) 18??-1935, 1910-02-25
LEE ON anAmA CANAL

@It Wv SThNNG
has had one frightful drawback
malaria trouble-that has brought suf-
fering and death to thousands. The
germs cause chills, fever and ague,
biliousness, jaundice, lassitude, weak
ness and general debility, But Elec.
trio Bitters never fail to destroy them
and cure malaria troubles Three
bottles completely cured me of very
severe attack of malaria" writes VIM,
A. Fretwell, of Lucama, N. c., land
I've had good health ever since"
Cure Stomach, Liver and Kidney
Troubles, and prevent Typhoids SOC
Guaranteed by GEO. S. ALCORN.
The Columbia herald. [volume] (Columbia, Tenn.) 18??-1935, 1910-02-25

mess closed, the bells tolled, many
houses were draped in mourning.
Leonidas Polk Bivouac, the Witt
Rifles and large crowd assembled at
the Methodist church, when the reso-
lutions were read and religious SER
vices conducted by Revs F. B. Webb
and A. B. McFerrin.
Ito Be Continued)
The Columbia herald. [volume] (Columbia, Tenn.) 18??-1935, 1910-02-25
STRUCK A RICH MINE.

s. w Bends, of Coal City, Ala. saws
he struck perfect mine of health in
Dr. Kings New Life Pills for they
cured him of Liver and Kidney Trou-
BILE after IL years OF suffering. They
are the best pills on earth for Con-
stipation, Malaria, Hearache. Dyspep.
STA, Debility 25c at GEO. 8. AL
CORN.
The Columbia herald. [volume] (Columbia, Tenn.) 18??-1935, 1910-02-25
sTAGGERs sKEPTIcs.

That clean, nice, fragrant COM
pound like Bucklin's Arnica Salve
will instantly relieve bad burn,
cut, scald, wound or piles, staggers
skeptics. But great cures prove its
a wonderful healer of the worst sores,
ulcers, boils, felons, eczema, skin
eruptions, as also chapped hands,
sprains and corns. Try it. 25c at
GEO. s. ALCORN'S.
The Columbia herald. [volume] (Columbia, Tenn.) 18??-1935, 1910-02-25

sub.er'b. Tor me Herald.
The Columbia herald. [volume] (Columbia, Tenn.) 18??-1935, 1910-02-25
NOMINEE GOODWIN
is OUT AGAIN

Claud Goodwin, Democratic nominee
for Sheriff, is able to be up and about
again after severe attack OF tonsl'
litis. Mr.. Goodwin will resume bis
position with the Louisville & Nash
Vile Railroad within short time.
The Columbia herald. [volume] (Columbia, Tenn.) 18??-1935, 1910-02-25
BROWN HAL MARES
GO TO ALABAMA

John Trotwood Moore has recent
ly sold two fine Brown Hal mares and
one splendid Castle ton flly to A. d.
May, Of Pleasant Hill, Ala. These
fine animals brought fancy prices.
The Spokane press. [volume] (Spokane, Wash.) 1902-1939, 1910-04-02
ut Y NEW 6
~ | N BRIE F ~

The call made yesterday by the
comptroller of the currency from
Washington, ID. c., for a statement
from the banking institutions in
Spokane revealed q most Satisfac-
tory and healthy condition, show
ing good gain, as compared with
this time one year ago. The total
deposits in local banks at the close
of business last Tuesday were $685.
$50, 404SS, as against $26,S43,-
14S.19, at the report made April 2S.
1909, a record breaking showing
The increase is $6,9l3,3566 OF
this amount $12,67S,S 63.53 is in
cash, an increase of 1851 ,7S9 81
over the amount shown at the
April call last year. The loans and
discounts have increased about
100000 during the same period
of time, the total loans and dis
counts now shown being $2O,422,-
1866. The increase in the surplus
and profits at this call is $77,O124S.
Ezra Meeker, the we'll known
pioneer and hop raiser of Puyallup,
is now, for the second time, mark
ng the Oregon TRAIL across the
continent, this time travelling by
mule team instead of oxen, as he
did year agO-one of his oxen be,
ing lame. He is now planting iron
pipe along the trail as markers for
future monuments. Last year in
Baker City and other prominent
points in Oregon and Washington
when Meeker drove his OK team,
even down Broadway, the school
children planted granite shafts on
the school grounds.
Warrants have been issued for
the arrest of H. NJ. Boone, A. r
Patten and A. s. Parker, former
officers of the defunct PalOuse
State bank, on the charge of en-
bezzlement. Boone, in Spokane
last night, said that his life has al
ways been an open book and is
confident of acquittal. He has