davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Illinois issue. (Chicago, Ill. ;) 1906-1912, 1910-03-04
The Economic Phase

The entire railroad system controlled
by James j. Hill, has issued an anti-drink-
ing order which will not be relished by
the liquor men along the thousands of
miles which the Great Northern and
Northern Pacific lines traverse. The Or
der reads as follows:
eve do not wish to have in our en-
ploy men who drink liquor. Do not en-
ploy drinking men. If men now working
under you drink, tell them they must stop
or make way for men who will not drink. !"
The order is result of the investiga-
ton of number Of mishaps on these
roads, where it has been discovered that
the loss of property, life and limb have
been the result of drinking by employees.
The Illinois issue. (Chicago, Ill. ;) 1906-1912, 1910-03-04
A Lesson from Cairo

81 tried seventy-six murder cases, either
as state s attorney or as judge, during the
nineteen years from 1886 to 1906. I have
kept a careful record of each case, and I
have to say that in seventy -fve out of the
seventy-six, whisky was the exciting
cause Judge Butler Of Cairo, Illinois.
The Illinois issue. (Chicago, Ill. ;) 1906-1912, 1910-03-04
State Officers.

State OMCeTH.
President-Sam T. Brush.
Vice -Presidents-Bishop W. +. Mcdowell A. H.
Mills, w. B. dwell.
Secretary-Rev. F. L. Mahle.
Observation-Disclosures K. Shields
Assistant Superintendent-E A. Scrogin.
Attorney-H L. Sheldon.
Headquarters Committee-Bishop G. M. Math-
ews. Rev. G. b. Stafford Rev. M. p. Boynton,
Rev. w. A. Smith Rev. Charles L. Morgan, Rev.
Ldson Reifsnider. Rev. A. p. Fors.
Field Workers-Geo. H. Wilson. Supt. North
ern Illinois Dist, Chicago; G. K. Stark, Supt
Swedish Dept, Chicago; Charles Schmidt, Asst
Treasurer. Chicago; J. w; Perry. Asst. Supt
Springfield Dist, Springfield; S. H. Wirschng
Supt: Peoria Dist. Peoria; g. W. Danbury, Supt
Southern Dist, Du Quoin; F. w. Loy Supt. East
ST. Louis Dist, Effingham.
Chicago Local option Campaign Committee
Walter w. Strong, Secretary.
The Illinois issue. (Chicago, Ill. ;) 1906-1912, 1910-03-04
Am Opportunity

This will reach and be read by and who have
already contributed the AnSaoon League fund It will
those contributed believe
that is being accomplished the traffic The
The Illinois issue. (Chicago, Ill. ;) 1906-1912, 1910-03-04
Important Notice

If you have not subscribed for the Issue
and are receiving it, some friend has made
you present of it. The subscription is
paid. No bill will follow.
The Illinois issue. (Chicago, Ill. ;) 1906-1912, 1910-03-04
THE ILLINOIS ISSUE
E. This is for You


place this of the local option campaign In fact we think it
is needed.
dry under the
local option battle of our history must
and that the for this
editorial.
greatest territory voted
question We have had of antsaloon
this has been period Of
Of moral and social conditions
strongly against
still trial. and they look these
elections April for information directly from the people how the law
hasw
Gaesburg Clinton generally
Of the the people overwhelming numbers they did
the that will proof positive that the
satisfied that community better off without the saloon than with it,
That will be verdict direct from the people themselves and will have
Illinois, shore
at large
coming intensely significant good
will bearing the future the
in Illinois
These Elections have Far reaching Influence
liquor they preparing
insidious underland
tide the April elections They do weh the results of
will influence the Legislative
when the repeal the local option law and the enactment county option
will be consideration
And that this contest which at hand most important
further that cannot be without the Individual
effort of every temperance soldier in the state
this This call best yourself organize
people together poll work
doubtful public meetings. for the distribution of
above to shoulder yourself and get into the ranks
Now the hmetwo weeks from now II Will be TOO ate ked IRE and
fight this time
and be work worlwork
community keep the saloons out them OUT
the for the whole the local option law from
repeal and add to what have law enforcement features Can
think about things and feel that action?
realize what this battle engaged for the future
Illinois, and refuse do p This not for
ngbor alone for the who lives the block
who think has time than THIS IS FOR YOU
The Illinois issue. (Chicago, Ill. ;) 1906-1912, 1910-03-04
MARCH 4, 1910
JAMES X. SHIELDS, Editor
PUBLISHED WEEKLY BY
ANTI-SALOON LEAGUE OF ILLINOIS,
1900 Security Building, Chicago

Subscription Price-s1.Oo Per Year.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1910-02-17

and sat before Mr. Noah until he IA
finished his speech
This morning we vii have the bass
Instruments IN front when We play our
music said MI Noah after he had in
ished his speech So the Elephant went
after his bass horn 70 drag il I'D in
front Ct the platform. The Monkey got
his drum and sat next 10 the Elephant.
The day before the Monkey had
taken a Cocoauut and scOoped all the
meat out of it, and with it had filed
the Elephants bass horn with water.
Now he thought 10 himself, we will
have some fun
when he took his seat beside the
Elephant he had forgotten all about
the water in the big bass horn
&c Now said Nj Noah, this piece
begins very loud, and ali you fellows
with horns blow as loud as YOU can.
One two, Three-down, left. right
Up began Mr. Noah
Sing he shouted. and with tia.
/ they all began 10 play
The Elephant blew as hard as he
/ could, and the water in his big bs Sc
| horn few all over the Monkey, and he
! thought another food had come
The animals laughed so they could
! not play the rest OF the morning"
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1910-02-17
CRAB-LIKE STYLE
MARKS FASHIONS

FASHIONS progress in a cUriousIy crab
Erks fashion. with one step forward into
she. future and the next back into the
past. The present season. for Instance,
brought the new draped dresses. bat e.
went back TO the kin7uuo sleeve Mex
spring we may look for Russian blouse
Jackets amouE the Things that are ueE
and peculiar To this year. hGt side BY
side with them We VIII sec The little
short masculine coats that we left be
hind US half a dozen years ago
There viii ~ new sleeves under new
names rubbing elbows with the trUant
short sleeve that We lost sight OF some
time since Its temperance IS ex-
planned plaUsibly enough by its con
nection with the Iaveuse and fiShwife
STYLES. only in these little matters the
French cOurcier iss apt % evolve a fash
ion first. while the reason for II may
not occur 10 him till afterward.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1910-02-17
The MONKEY IS UP TO MISCHIEF.
By FARMER SMITH.

"a TER the animals had all built
II their houses AT Arkville SIr
Noah called them all together one
morning began EtheTs father one
night.
He had been down To see If there
were any eggs. and he found none. and
then ne was hunting for the Monkey,
and he could not ind him
The animals had made q platform
for NTr- Noah, just like those the teach
ers sit upon in school Il was high up
and was covered with moss on all sides.
Above II was q large Cocoanut tree
The animals gathered around to hear
Mr. Noah-s morning talk and he had
begun and was nearly finished when
Bang. an egg came down on the floor.
Ny said Mr. Noah 7 think We are
going 10 have another flood, and il
looks like eggs 10 ne.
Then all the animals looked up in
the cocoanut tree. and there was the
Monkey He had taken one Of the eggs
and gone up in the treee TO eat it, and
q had slipped ont a. MS hand The
white had chung 10 one Of his paws
and ne found out that the white OF ar
esq was very sticky.
cd Here, YOU Monkey, come down here
and stop your fColisHneEE, said Ny
Noah The Monkey slid down the tree
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1910-02-17
BRAN OFTEN USED
TO CLEAN MUSLIN

Bran Is used both for cleansing and
StiffeuiuE-
To make bran-waJer tie cupful NJ
bran IN muslin. put this into two pi--ts
OF vare- in a clean saucepan and sim
uer Eli the water feels EiUtinoUs- Leave
the muslin loose 20 allow the bran TO
part with its gluten 4 second and even
a third water may he taken of the bran
In the same way- Bran has no de
structive effect on cOIors and seems 20
act mechanically as an absorbent and
sufens the article slightly. So IL s.
most useful for coI0red embroidery .-
art-wOrk OF any kind BraU-wsTer Is
sometimes employed for the washing Of
cretOnne with ColOTed background
The article i washed In the bran-uater.
rinsed. wrUng, rolled in q cloth. and
ironed on the wrong side. The cretonne
is better # slightly dried before ironing.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1910-02-17
II %
Vt G~~-cG5 OEhNsRL
Forget Names Easy

How embarrassed we often are because
we forget proper names, A name or
6iEarlIy familiar and Just about 10 be
spoken VIII vanish from the mind at
the instant The consciousness Of the
one about 70 utter II VIII grasp at II
IN vain.
II is always = diSs Ereesble expert
cnCer this mOmentary failure OF the
memory, and sometimes extremely en-
harassIng- often II happens when the
victim is about to greet sn old acQusint-
ance, or when If Is desirable to intro
dUce two men, each. OF whom he knows
well
Doctors Do not clearly explain this oc-
c. SfOnai defect in the mental powers,
but those who experience IL know that
Il occurs when they are especially
weary or ovsTEorked. and they may,
therefore assume that il = a form Of
brain rag ard as readily accounted for
= s. q IansenesS Of arms or legs That DO
is most often displayed in connection
with proper names Is perhaps due "a
the fact that these are each held in the
memory BY sepe-ste and arbitrary &C.
ton and not through association, and
are. therefore. most easily lost
But whatever tne cause, -he multitude
l Of persons who forget names viii have
sympathetic comprehension Of the
state Of mind OF the French actress
when she heIpIesSly sought 10 find the
sVsor7s OF her play
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1910-02-17
MAY USE BROOMS
AS DECORATIONS

With the increased cost Of living the
cleaning woman has had TO be given q
TTclxet-oF-Ieave fu many homes with
the threatened increase IN the cost II
b~ooms. house cleaning bids "a = TO go
quite out r fashion. or perbHps the
situation viii be saved by CARPETS dis
appearing entirely and the corn broom
be allowed 10 q by the board The
shortage . already an sight and the
-~oba be consequent increase IN price
tv another year IS already announced
An average OF two ~ a family i'm this
country looks to be the Hmi- by the
sprirE ove-hauIsnE. ana a. 4 dollar
apiece the pr0phesied. TTice. perhaps
Two aniace Is all that VIII be wanted
Once the normal price Of broom corn
was sea a ton TODAY the two factories
IN Evanston, IT,, that practically con
troll the broom supply, are said to be
psyfng $40 ton for material Time
nav COM when we can only afford
70 gid the handles Of the finished ar
efcle, tie bow Of ribbon about the
brush and hang up our brooms along
de the other bric-a-BraC.-New Bed
ford Standard
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1910-02-17
VOGUE OF BUNGALOW
DUE TO PHILIPPINES

The vogue Of the bungalow began
when our Philippine acquisitions opened
I'd travel into the East. t first became
popular as q SUNNI er lodge for the rich.
but its qualities soon commended 10 70
the co.lruter oC sr5sl' means as well
For tho.-zh the Bungalow can be ex-
tended Indefinitely. size -Cn never make
Il pretrrtions. and e IUxUrlatss in The
ruzIGtie Of his defect
The bungalow has compelled ITS Chste-
Ia Inc n learn that We Gamma ne bath
grand g. con- FOrta--Ie. and -Or the first
time tho correct thing ImDclS my lady
p take into account her husbands taste
in furnishing q living place for two
For this fact alone there vviII He many
men 10 rise ND and call the bun "a low
blessed 70 hail e as -h51E IF beue-
freuen as wei as beauty
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1910-02-17
ESKIMO WOMEN DIE
FROM STARVATION

ON he-' first entrance 20 her new hut
% snow. an Eskimo woman Is buoyed
ov hope Of welcoming q son What Of
her last incoming 70 those narrow con
fines sac knows that the medicine
man has decided that her sickness is
mortal when she Is laid upon her ned
or snow She EsZes upon the feehIy
burning lamp beside her upon food and
drink SCI close at her hand she sees
her loved ones pass out Of the doorwsv
that needs no tunnel entrance 10 keep
chill airs away. for presently the door
IS sealed with snow The chill OF death
pierces through her envelOpjng- furs.
Her tomb inzures that no long taErying
viii be hers The soul complaining
With her. may refresh itself with food
but starving and freezing her feeble
body viii witness even that souls de-
parture and know that rs hour has
come TO perish alOne--Harper' Bazaar
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1910-02-17
Shirt Waist Exterders
Interest Thin Girls

The scrawuy girl Who objects 90 hay
ing her bIo1seS sink g., even though
sIeDdernes= IS The fashion may he in
rereste6 in a shin waist euendar that
not only fills out the lower part OF
blouse EE- keeps It from sinking Iu on
the shoulders
The eNteuder can De made or four
graduated rufIes o. lawn. edged with
marrow Ealeucieunes lace Each rGme
i- about Two inches deep. and IS sewsd
fo q shle.1-sHsued piece Of lava, herl-
med neatly on the edges
The top rulfe is much longer than the
other three. and comes Up To the
shoulder ON each side, where IT. can be
pinned 60 seam Of corset cover T.
Should be shaped t0 Just cover the edge
OF a Iow-ue-ked corset cover AMI can be
edged all around with lace 20 give q
pretty finish.
The lower raT-s. each one shorter
than the one above Do, are lace trimmed
only orr the lower e,iEe. The tops are
covered with n narrow binding where
S~vyed 10 foundation, ard the rgfFies
overlap about a half inch.
The lower edge Of the shield can oe
finished with casing, instead OF n mar
-Cy hem, ard a tape run through il 20
adjust the ruIiness into a narrow tine
ar the waist
DO not choose too soft a lawn for
making The ruf1os. and have them
slightly Starched when Numbered. They
must not ne made stiff AT least three
should be owned. as they are useless
when not fresh
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1910-02-17
High Price of Chickens
Brings Hens Into Market

Chicken fer dinner at present prices IS
surely a luxury and laying hens are
almost 2 IUN-ry Cor The poultry man
and farmer since be can make more
money by sending his hens 10 mark.
Commission men say that about halt
the fowls TOW being shipped are laying
hens The high prices are more sttrsc-
tive than the price OF eggs.
An interesting operation Of the law Of
supply and demand Is noted in the quo
tations on piueappIes- a few weeks aE0
they were poor IN quality nd there was
nc sale for Their Growers stopped ship
ping until there were few in the market.
a few crates C good quality cane in
TODAY and were sold a double tre price
or week ago, bringing - a rate
wholesale
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1910-02-17
Pointers for Buyers
OF GOOD Ostrich Piun1sS

When buying ostrich feathers re-
membsr that the quill should be one
continuous piece, smooth. glossy, and
pIisbIe-
The fues must he wide, pIIabIe. and
without defective marks visible TO the
eve
When buying a black ostrich plume
always he careful to select the one
with the finest gloss
Dull blacks and brown blacks indi-
cate a poor quality Of plume or poor
dyefnE-
II il is the latter. the plume may
be redipped. but II the former. it Is
no good except for lining. and poor
lining = that
good plume properly worn should
last five wears A. least
This allows for one curling a year
and one-possibIy two-redippiuEs B.,
the plume was originally a light
color.
A good black plume that has bce7
properly recurIed viii be pretty old
and have seen a lot OF wear before u
viii need 10 be redipped-
one reason why so many good
black pIuues lose their color and
gloss is that they are scorched wher
being recurled-
The only remedy for this is q ba'f
in the dive Dot. and OfteneT than not
the result is only rusty black
II person hasn't the time or pa
thence 20 curl her own plumes she
should be particular 20 get a skillfuI
repsirer-
The most popular and useful os-
trfch feather Is the eizhteeu-inci
plume ia black
Get the best grade. recurI IT. care
fully Yourself or have Il done hy q
skiUfuI repairer. and YOU VIII have
vour MONEYS worth Of wear from g.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1910-02-17
Anqer and Discretion
Rarely Found Together

Dissection Is a. synonym for tact %
--zr in rherr angels fear 10 test r1elir
wings IS as uutactf1I as II Is indaS-
Greet Lear 70 handle me world VII"
.r7oves ana II viI rarely give you
black eye
The discreet woman SHES ~ an aIS-ll-
-nen-. Though she may be sure 81 ner
own logic and temper. she cannot bank
on her Opponent being equally w1ali-
poised As a sca1rere- Of good ma'l-
nsrs and friendly feeling nothing Is IN
the class with a red hot difference OF
opinion
guiczuess 30 wrath Is a -eiaxatsonstHe
discreet woman never INDUCES IN
Though he~ temper may be as deStT-ic-
tive 70 pIacidEy as spilled pepper on
= hot stove. she learns 20 s-iie heT rage
r1nde- forced ca TEuueSs- Anger anu DIS
c~a-fon rarely -rsaeI In doEble harness
The discreet woman knows the va Ue
Of Hzckz-ouud- SIC never forces her
SELF into the TimeI---r- tries ~ ruu=the
world. nor sets up IS an authority
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1910-02-17

VENUS and saturn are In benedc as
' pect w.tn the Moon and affect each
other favorah-y-
saturn. most often the greatest bring
or Of SD fortune. and a T'aEuer Of health
and wealth. assumes an unusually toier-
ant attitude fu the zodiac today
Venus gains Hy Sa-lrn's aspect and
the Indications today are Tor 3erma1-
euee and stability in engagements and
weddings =orcunized under this c"nfs
urarf0n.
The great dangers o. today are OK
rravaEsuce and speculation and persons
inclined 10 either. viii dp wisely 70 avoid
all temptation Vigorously
The pursuit or beauty and pleasure Is
urder kindly planet today
There is sign In the zodiac that
reads .r0- travelling. long Journeys. q
great beue~ s-om science and a curl
Gus .o~cur--1.
Though yam -ss and contemplation ar
under go.E ~ lc~ts today
Firm. srra-l .st bur tolerant adher
eu~- 20 -eEz IS faiths and .creeds IL
the presence O.. some worldly temptation
u-iu he found 10 be a saving refuge To-
day hv more than one person
Herbal 7S-roToEy selects this dsv f9r
wheat. o. 70 Ec-a Uhe-ry- thyme cher
--. plum. peach. pear parsley. pepe-
mint eooSeaer~-. chestnut. and cawsIiI
under Venus
A sign This dav has been read or old
as "a warning ascending against
Jealous and ru-f1us person
Women and men with this birtr-dat'
are under aspects promising favor from
the great and much esteem.
Children are born today under signs
that often erdow their subjects VIII
great ability for management and
nance
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1910-02-17
BRITON WOMEN ADVANCE.

The Judge 90 Narv-eb0ra says a great
change IS taking place day by de- IN
the sexes IN his country 1T used %
be- said rrc Judge. almost Uuhea-d
Of for o. man - complain OF being
women are becoming Sd independent 80
aggressive and so anxious 20 protect
themselves that d. is quite a common
thing for men 90 come ru court and
complain Of being assaulted by women
and very soon one viii be able 20 say
I'm England with truth that o. the two
sexes the weaker is the man. nos the
woman In the case GUCeT trial. a
Mrs TAYLOR had tTouUCed "a nj T.oyeI
until ne could scarcely walk and then
she tore his coat away from him. took
&c % her fiat and hung 20 Up on her he'd
post as a scalp" The Judge turned
Mr.. Lowell over 70 a doctor and fined
Mrs. TAYLOR s. and costs
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1910-02-17
Daily Fashion Talks.
By FRANCES CARROLL.

z An presenting today a very COM
mon sense and practical outfit
for the baby in a household
where the mother must ec0no-
mize time and energy The little gar
ments may be made attractive by the
addition Of handw0rk or simple trim
minEs. bu- the cut and fashion are
especially designed Tor the simplest
sort of treatment
The OUTFIT consists Of one-piece
garments the materials, Of course.
are a matter Of personal preference.
the suggestions given IN the est
mates furnished below being made
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1910-02-17
REAL SUFFRAGETTES

II iE worthy 81 note that Miss Selma
Lssgerl0f. who received the Nobel prize.
would vote, and believes in the cause Of
woman suffrage She Is a membe- Of
the FredsTiC6 Bremen Club Of Stock
holm. which works IOr social betterms1f
and for the enTranchisement OF women.
Miss Isazerloff was thirty years old
when she began TO write.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1910-02-17

change "EZpedT~Tcy Is worse
than 2 fsllacy. Il is an ErreE 7cabie-step
IN the wrong direCtjou- The woman VINO
dyes her hair ~ twenty % suit the. fan
cy Of a possible beslU spends her dEcIin-
ing years reErettinE' that II was not for
the day. but for all time This maxim,
70 he useful and ncr n repGoach- must
stand Al the beginning Of road and
not along its sides
eft re but read rHis sign at every
turn. would it not prevent us from
many 2 foolish short cut. A new. TuG
iE 20 be purchased. r2v0 are presented
z three-dOller ingram seems eLpedae1t
Il VIII look Wei enough for a while eN-
pedfency Suggests but why-uOt buy one
Cor all time. an anliuue, smaller Sand
more expensive
THE question Of educSgiOn should es-
peciaIIv- be 5udged in this light Shail
how or a girl stop school and begin
work. The sum OF so much q v1ee6
looks large in the distorted light OF eN-
.7r7ierrzs but II Is an irTeVoCa nle sep
mink how many years d VIII De peloTs
+f7s r,r-zIt I've earning power the acz u-2l
money -aIue- OF an education VIII oe
gained .-z - -.--
t,--roZ-f@ent of the foolish, OF the
1}S7-c77 less. while eternity demands the
--zSrs-r 81 an. and IN its light alonesaTe
an things Judged rightly
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1910-02-17
GOING SOME AT CULTURE

He h a very cultured man. Is he
not2-' we ask referring % the gentle
man who has delivered the principal
address At the dinner
Is hcT- pNCIalmS our friend You
should have heard him WHY. iu RI ff-
fear--r.u-rn -uCerr DE managed rr work
fr the correct recommendations IF 'tfrc-
the naive '~ytIte-' 'euufCmeI--' Pin
Cn0t.- .Recamier.' 'h0TS d-OeUvre.- de
briS.' -blase.- 'au fait- and 'renaiSsa 0ce-'
guess when e. comes to culture he IS
going some. Chicago Post.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1910-02-17
LOCKETS
ARE NOW IN VOGUE

Pound Iockets are a. present the
vogue. The more expensive Ioci<ets are
SGT in lattice or IN "a solid mass Of pre-
ciDus stones. such as diamonds. euer-
aids, and rubles. WitH pearls % give
s0frueES 10 the scheme
The fancy for round ornaments eN-
tends 90 brooches s circle Of bright
green enamel il broken Uy bow OF
Gi- mOUdS and pearls. with ends that
faU gracefully over the enamel and
that are completed by pearl-sla ped
pearls.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1910-02-17
Puzzlers SO Often Are Apt
To Act on the First Thought

~ HIS is going TO be another heart
10 heart talk with the puzzlers
along the lines OF what we may
and may not do ius regard 10 the
puzzles
IN the last few weeks 7 Thave had half
a dozen contestants ask me 10 look Up
the lists they had forwarded and make
certain specified changes in them I
thought il was pretty well understood
long ago that such d procedure was
quite impossible
To begin with. # 7 looked Up atist for
one person. in - justice ! would have
10 do the same thing fos any Oaher in
dividuaI who proferod SUJrh q request
Since several hundred solutions. are re-
ceived in the course Of - week II is aP-
parent that such @ coU-S on the facs
Of IL would be impossible Furthermore.
II would be unfair to the contestants
who made q list and. we're willing 10
stand by IT,
4 good many Of U.s. wheui we take a