The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1910-09-30

A
III co is today a political anomaly
among republics, If measured
by the standard which prevails in the
United States or even in some of the
Latin countries in Central and South
America. We are told that its consti-
tuition is modelled after that Of the
United States, that its president is
elected by universal suffrage, that Its
legislative power Is vested In con-
gress. consisting of two houses like
our own, and that its people have full
political and civil rights. But study
of conditions as they are shows that
whatever may be the appearances OF
things Mexico Is as much despotism
today as Russia; that its ruler, who
is styled its president, is as much an
Rutocrat as Gear Nicholas, and that he
holds power little short of unlimited
over the lives and property of Mexi-
cans.
The recent presidential election in
Mexico shows the absurdity of the
claim which that country makes to be-
ing republic and emphasizes the ar
bitrary power exercised by President
Diaz. The latter, with the exception
of the term, 1SS0-18S4, has been presi-
dent of Mexico since 1876, when he
seized the reins of power as the lead
er of a successful revolution and was
subsequently elected chief executive,
If the process of selection could really
be called an election. Diaz from the
III Ay.v,a
hand, and to his ability, which even
his enemies recognize, is due the sta
bility with which the government has
maintained itself since. That his
strong hand checked revolution and
that he was polite enough to foster
the investment of foreign capital are
factors to his credit. But at the same
time the political aspirations of the
people to a fuller share in govern
ment were trampled upon. Freedom
of speech and freedom of the press, in
so far as they conflicted with Diaz and
his policies, were empty sounds. Diaz
was not only the president of the re-
public; he was It's dictator, and his
strong arm reached to every corner
of the land to reward and punish.
a Promise and Its Breaking.
Naturally such condition produced
some political unrest, and when in
March, 1908, Diaz announced that he
would not be candidate for president
again, but would aid in the establish.
ment of a democratic form of govern.
ment, for which he said the country
was ripe, there was great rejoicing.
But the exercise of power is sweet
and soon afterward the word went out
from official sources that Diaz would
be a candidate again. Those striving
for fuller political rights were even
satisfied with this and started an agi
tation fayoring Bernardo Reyes, gov
ernor of the state Of Neuvo Leon, foI
vice-president. Reyes was one of the
most popular men in Mexico and his
supporters felt that in the event oil
the death of Diaz, who is now eighty
years old, the government would be
safe in the hands of Reyes, and the
wave of reform would go on un
checked.
AS soon as the Democrats placed
Reyes in nomination, the followers o.
Diaz renominated for the same Office
Ramon Corral, the most unpopular
man in Mexico and a reactionary. AND
then began a bitter persecution Of
the Democrats and the Reyes support
ers on the part of Diaz, which shat
tiers the fiction that there exists polit
zeal freedom in Mexico
Army officers friendly to Reyes wer,
removed to undesirable posts. Con
gresham Barron, who was chiefly in
strumental in naming Reyes for vice
president, was banished from the
country; several other congressman
were deposed; students who favored
Reyes were expelled from state
schools; public meetings we're sup
pressed by the police or soldiers, ant
in various states Reyes supporter
we're thrown into jail, most OF then
charged with sedition. In every cor
ner of the country the despeuc powel