davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The free lance. (Fredericksburg, Va.) 1885-1926, 1910-05-26
HOUSE SOLD At AUCTION

Judge Alvin T. Embrey and Lee J.
Graves, special commissioners, sold at
public auction Tuesday. May oath, a
house and lot belonging to the late Jane
Courtney TO Frank and Helen Hargrove
for $s25. N. b. Kinsey was the auc-
tioneer.
The free lance. (Fredericksburg, Va.) 1885-1926, 1910-05-26
C. & o. AND SOUTHERN R. R.
TRAINS PASS THROUGH HERE

Owing to the wreck on the Southern
road, near Catlett's, Monday evening.
passenger trains of the Southern and,
z. q o. were run over the R., +. & p.
X: X. from Alexandria to boswell.
where they took the tracks of the c.
& o. X. r.
The free lance. (Fredericksburg, Va.) 1885-1926, 1910-05-26
ANOTHER EGG FREAK

Mr.. John A. Evans, of Staffor,., was
here buying goods Tuesday. He
brought in an egg on which is a horse
and cart with a man in the cart. 1t is
another Of the many curious freaks of
nature
The free lance. (Fredericksburg, Va.) 1885-1926, 1910-05-26
SALE OF STAR THEATRE FIXTURES

The fixtures of the Star Theatre were
sold at public auction by Officer Robin
son TO satisfy claim for rent of Mr.. j.
y. Colbert. They were bought by X. j.
Mcdonnell for the sum of $lSI. Sc. N.
Il. kinsey was auctioneer
The free lance. (Fredericksburg, Va.) 1885-1926, 1910-05-26
MARRIED IN WASHINGTON

Mr.. Chas. r. Haislop and Miss Sophia
Calhoun. both of this city, were mar
ried in Washington Monday by Rev. j.
=, Mclaughlin. They returned here
Monday night, where they will reside.
The free lance. (Fredericksburg, Va.) 1885-1926, 1910-05-26
PREACHING APPOINTMENTS

There will be preaching at Zoan Bap-
list church in Spotsylvania Sunday,
May 18th, at IL a. m Also at Goshen
Baptist church at $3.50 d. m.
The free lance. (Fredericksburg, Va.) 1885-1926, 1910-05-26
Undertaken and Embalmer

No. 719 Main St., Freder-
icksburg, Va. Phone 9S.
Across from Exchange Hotel
and next to Western Union
Office. Telegraph and tele-
phone orders receive prompt
attention. Open day and
night.
The free lance. (Fredericksburg, Va.) 1885-1926, 1910-05-26
SOME HAIL FELL

During the storm Tuesday much hail
fell, but II was so small no damage was
done to crops or vegetation.
The free lance. (Fredericksburg, Va.) 1885-1926, 1910-05-26
Mr.. THEODORE X. MILLER
Dies Suddenly At His Home in
Baltimore.

A telegram received here by Mr.. W.
T. Bradley at p. m. on Tuesday
announced the sudden death from heart
disease Of Mr.. t. X. Miller, head of the
dry goods firm of the Daniel Miller Co.
OF Baltimore. Mr.. Miller's first wife was
Miss Mary Lou Bradley, Of Fredericks-
onrg, sister Of Mrs. A. r. Yates and
mr. w. Z; Bradley. The deceased was
% years old. He Is survived by his
second wife. who was Miss Grace Mac
kenzie, of Canada, and three sons and
two daughters.
The free lance. (Fredericksburg, Va.) 1885-1926, 1910-05-26
PREACHING IN STAFFORD

There will be preaching at the follow
ing places in Stafford May 18th: Anti
och 3 p. M, and Ebenezer at 7:30 p. m.
The free lance. (Fredericksburg, Va.) 1885-1926, 1910-05-26
WANTED

To hire team for blowing. Tele-
phone Mansfield Hall Farm.
The free lance. (Fredericksburg, Va.) 1885-1926, 1910-05-26
STAG SUPPER

MIR. Goolrick Entertains on Eve Of
Marriage.
Mr.. c. O'Conor Goolrick was the host
at a handsomely appointed stag supper
Tuesday evening. at which the follow
ing were present:
Messrs. w. w. Old, Jr., of Norfolk
5. c. Workman, Of Richmond: w. X.
Goolrick, F. l. w. Green, A. F. Dick
son, Chester b. Goolrick, Clearance X.
Howard. DIR: G. b. Harrison, DIR. C.
Mason Smith.
The free lance. (Fredericksburg, Va.) 1885-1926, 1910-05-26

Name must be in by June l. No competitor in but on
pettors and address all that required ANY boy or
will act judges. Any and all may be reject
just the If winning prize duplicated the ar
Los Angeles herald., 1910-02-13

the material of which it was composed
might be changed, but the principle
of lighting remained the same.
During the latter part of the eight
eenth century there were only four
ways of lighting common dip can
die for the rich and the oil lamp, fed
with fish oil, for the street and stair
ways. The constant Snuffing of the
candle was a drawback to it's use, and
an invention in 1899 for superseding
snuffing was considered a great ad
vance. But while inventors We're rack
ing their wits over lighting matters
new Illuminating agent was discovered
which threatened to snuff out candles
completely.
The introduction of mineral oils was
a radical improvement. 1t necessitated
a change in the body of the lamp; ac-
cident discovered the use of the chin
ney. In 1856 Germany introduced into
Great Britain the lamp, which with
notifications and improvements is
still adhered to. But these modifica-
tions and improvements have been
Los Angeles herald., 1910-02-13
FEBRUARY 13, 1910.

of horn and oiled paper. Eastern ma
tions delighted in glass lamps, and in
the mosque at Cairo are some very
elegant ones of the thirteenth and
fourteenth centuries.
In the museum at Naples is a very
fine specimen of lantern. 1t was made
of twenty eight divisions of bronze
wire, shaped like a basket the wires
being threaded with crystal beads. In
the middle of the basket is the place
for the light, which would be reflected
by all the crystal beads. This is a
very unique specimen.
The most primitive lamps which me-
deval history tells US of We're skulls
of animals in which fat was burned; in
some places sea shells were used in
the came way. What a long distance
from this crude way of lighting to the
ornate lamps of today with their bril-
liant flame! These skull receptacles
gave way to those of pottery and
metal, but the principle for the natural
lamp was retained, as is proved by the
forms found in ancient Egyptian,
Greek and Roman lamps, and in the
stone cups and jugs of northern ma
tions.
The pottery at first was unglazed
and the lamp contained only one wick
hole, but in time better material was
introduced, with more elaborate forms
and with increased lighting power.
The wick was usually of flax tow, or
of rushes or some other vegetable
fiber, while the solid fat of animals
was the chief Illuminating material
The oils of the present day We're, of
course, unknown. On the coast the oil
of the seal or the whale furnished the
illumination.
Lamps We're used among the north
ern nations of antiquity also, but the
colder climate necessitated a different
kind of lamp. Small open stone pots,
afterWard changed for metal, were
used. Lamps of this kind are occa-
sionally dug up in Scotland and else
where, and the principle is the same as
the 'padelle' used in Italian illumina-
tions and in the old grease pots which
once formed the footlights Of the thea
ter
No great improvement took place in
the construction of lamps until the be-
ginning of the nineteenth century. 1t
is strange how many times the powers
of human invention remain passive in
some particular direction for whole
centuries and then suddenly leap into
activity. For nearly 1900 years of the
Christian era there was no substantial
Improvement made in the principle of
the primitive lamp, composed of a wick
amidst grease. The outward form and
Los Angeles herald., 1910-02-13

made in the oils and in the burners,
until today the brilliant light of a good
lamp is as far ahead of the light from
a candle as the brilliant arc light is
ahead of the first kerosene lamp.
The discovery of Illuminating gas
and its practical use, the application
of electricity to lighting purposes are
both well known to the present genera
ton, but the use of these agents for
lighting purposes has not done away
with the body of the lamp. A look at
the present day specimens of lamps
for kerosene, for gas or for electricity
shows that in form and construction
we have as many beautiful and ornate
bronze and metal lamps as were ever
found in Egypt or in the ruins of
Pompeii.
Los Angeles herald., 1910-02-13
GAYNOR AS A DOCTOR

"In Mayor Gaynor's early days on
the BENCH" said a Brooklyn lawyer, "a
prisoners counsel said, in the course
of his speech:
Medical witnesses will testify that
Los Angeles herald., 1910-02-13

my unfortunate client is suffering from
kleptomania, and, your honor, you
know what that is.
Yes said Judge Gaynor. I do. It
is a disease the people pay me to cure"
Bluefield evening leader. [volume] (Bluefield, W. Va.) 1906-1911, 1910-07-18
The Nature Student's Story.

"In my boyhood I once captured a
nest Of three young thrushes. / put
them In a gilt cage by an open win
dow, and their mother came and fed
them regularly with worms and grass
hoppers."
The speaker. a nature student, sigh
ed.
THE mother" he resumed, must
have expected her little ones to be
soon liberated She fed them, as ]
said, regularly for three days on flesh
food. Then one evening at sunset she
appeared with a sprig of green I'm her
mouth. She thrust the green in
through the gilt bars. Then, singing
sweet sad song. she flew away.
And she never came back. Her on
spring the next morning lay dead, side
by side, on the bottom OF the cage.
The sprig she had brought--them.
which vas nearly consumed, was a
sprig OF the deadly 1arkspur. Free
dom or death! Death or freedomg
That Is what must have been the bur
den Of her farewell song"
The narrator paused. and from his
listeners a low murmur arose, a muir
muir perhaps OF sympathy, perhaps OF
angry disbelief.
Bluefield evening leader. [volume] (Bluefield, W. Va.) 1906-1911, 1910-07-18
Cat Exehanan In ParIa.

Paris has a cat exchange. a "bourso
aux chats" This establishment IS stu
atcd in big chamber at the rear OF q
wineshop. Here are legions OF cats OF
all sizes and colors, which arc 20 DO
seen jumping and heard "miaulant."
1t Is said that the customers arc by no
means tender hearted old ladies', but
for the most part furriers, glovemak-
crs and cooks. a good sleek "matou"
realizes from 2jz cents TO 20 cents. The
skin has a number o. usages. and the
NcSh. according 20 the story, finds its
way into the stewpans OF certain res.
tanrants possessing moro enterprise
than scruple.-Chicago Journal.
Bluefield evening leader. [volume] (Bluefield, W. Va.) 1906-1911, 1910-07-18

broughton Brandenberg. wrltcr
VINO gained considerable publicity a
year ago whom he was accused OF or
tanning $500 under false brttepses
rom New York newspaper Tor an
article alleged TO have been prepared
and signed by Grover Cleveland. who
was recently arrested I'm Nawn York.
charged with having passed A worth.
less check for $50 Hugh Logsnfi save
Drancenberk prevailed upon HIM TO
indorse a check for $50 and.-stand
spencer for its cashing. When IL was
presented at the bang against Which
1t was drawn, it was returned aahlb
ed ~. g."
Bluefield evening leader. [volume] (Bluefield, W. Va.) 1906-1911, 1910-07-18
A Revolutionary Puzzle.

These odd rhymes were written I'm
the early part OF the Revolutionary
.war-about 1T6. If read as written
they are tribute to the king and his
army, but II read downward on either
side OF the comma they Indicate an
unmistakabe spirit of rebellion to both
king and parliament The author is
unknown:
Hark. bark the trumpet sounds. the din
of wars alarms
Ger seas and solid grounds doth call us
all to arms.
Who for King George doth stand, their
honors soon shall shine.
Their ruin is at hand. who with the con-
gress join.
The acts of parliament. in them / much
delight
! hate their cursed intent. who for, the
congress tight. a.. ga
The Tories Of the day. they are my; daily
toast sE 80 III
They soon will sneak away. who indie
pendence boast.
Who nonresistant hold, they have my
hand and heart.
May they for slaves be sold, who act the
Whlggish part
On Mansfield. North and Butte, may daily
blessings pour
Confusion and dispute, on congress ever.
more,
To North and British lord, may honors
still be done,
l wish block and cord, to General
Washington.
National Magazine.
Bluefield evening leader. [volume] (Bluefield, W. Va.) 1906-1911, 1910-07-18
NEAzMHdfoIk&WgseIr
MAY IS, 1910
Schedule I'm Eneca

Leave Bluefeld 1920 a. m. for ,.oa-
noke, Norfolk and all points OF 5hep1
aeosh division. E.illman sleep4t
Roanoke to New 7Gtk, via HAEsrs
town, Pullman Psrlcr Car RcaDob'
TO Norfolk
1856 .. m. for Roanoke, Rich
moDd, Norfolk. Pullman Kivsye.
Dining Car to Roanoke. PE-lor Ga
Roanoke to Norfolk
2:20 p. N. for Roanoke, Lynch.
burg and intermediate stations al
tbs Shenandoah Valley. Philadelphi.
and New York. Sleeper to Thi ads
phsa. Cafe car Gary and Shena,
doah.
s:1S D. m. for Roaroks. lynch
Eurg, Richmond, Norfolk. Pullman
Bleeper To k,rfoIK. RoGnoks .,
Richmond.
Leave Plushsld $40 p. n. tor EQi
oVA, Columbus and ali points We
ano Northwest. Pullman Sleeper =.
columbus All Cincinnati. Cafe cs~'
$40 .. N. Pullman sieepsr 10.
Columbus. Cafe Dining Car
Leave 1875 a. m. and 2:05 .. m
daily for Jazeven, Norton ANA
stations on Glitch Vale, o.vision
Arrive from Norton and points IN
the Slinch Valley division at 11.3o Q
M. and 7:2O D. m.
Leave 6:15 a. m for Welch an,
bterU, Hate stations
Leave 1885 a. m. for william
con sad informed late stations.
Leave S:15 D. m. for wsIch ant
inter medlat stations
for additional iaformatic, call OF
agsDt Norfolk and Western Railway
". b. BEYh,
Gen. Pass. Agent,
u | l. RoAnoke. Va
Bluefield evening leader. [volume] (Bluefield, W. Va.) 1906-1911, 1910-07-18
James s. KahIe, commIsLsoner Of sala

Janes s. Kahle, Commisisoper Of SAID
Court, at his Office in the City of
-Blgehcld in the County OF Mercer.
ana state aforesaid, on OF before the
Both day of July, 1910.
y Witness, w b. Honaker, Clerk OF
rs9jd Court, this 18th day OF juno, 91O.
"" w. y. HONAKER,
Clerk.
-o-ts- 1O.Gwks.
Bluefield evening leader. [volume] (Bluefield, W. Va.) 1906-1911, 1910-07-18

A., Imitation Is the sTncerest fat.
terry" HOLSTERS Rocky Mountain
Tea has many imltators, but there ls
Bluefield evening leader. [volume] (Bluefield, W. Va.) 1906-1911, 1910-07-18
She Rather Liked II.

81 don't mind Jacks slang" said one
OF the girls He Is so clever, In the
use of IT,"
How so:"
why. he sent me three dozen pho
tos of famous beauties. with card
OH which the only words were. You're
another"
Bluefield evening leader. [volume] (Bluefield, W. Va.) 1906-1911, 1910-07-18
NOTICE TO CREDITORS.

TO the Creditors Of Matte y. Meador.
deceased D.ai
in pursuance Of a decree OF the CIR
~ :
cult Court Of the County OF Mercefl
and State of West Virginia. made in n
Gauge therein pending, 20 subject the
real estate Of the said Matte b. Mead
or to the payment or her debts, you
arc hereby required to present yoff
claim against the estate OF the said
Matte B.DMeador, for adjudication 70
Bluefield evening leader. [volume] (Bluefield, W. Va.) 1906-1911, 1910-07-18
Go. can please you; they mako q
specially Of CORRECT PRINTING.

Kidney trouble Is particularly TO he
dreaded because It's presence "a NOT
usually dis0oyercd until It has essum.
ed ono Of its worst forms-diabetes
dropsy, or Brlght's disease. II Won
suspect that your Kidneys are affect.
ed, by all means use Hollister'a ROCKY
Mountain Tea-the great systemic
cleanser and regulator. For sale by
rhe White Pharmacy. a
Bluefield evening leader. [volume] (Bluefield, W. Va.) 1906-1911, 1910-07-18

nothing "just as good" as thousands
o fmen and women have learned with
in the past thirty years. Never sold
y bulk or by the pound. BE sure you
get tho genuine. For sale by The
White Pharmacy. -"~'
Bluefield evening leader. [volume] (Bluefield, W. Va.) 1906-1911, 1910-07-18
NOTICE TO ALL pERsoNs-pian,

NOTICE TO ALL PERSONS-Piano
Buildcr and polisher, all kinds of
furniture repairing and upholstering
and do five different kinds of polish
ing, 35 years experience.
We manufacture polish which is
guarantee to remove all ink and
water stains without damaging the
finish, and will put II against any
thing manufactured in the u. s..
All orders left at Huffards store,
Graham. Va. Leave Blueheld orders
at Phelps Furniture Store, 1881
Princeton avenue.
6-410-tf.
Bluefield evening leader. [volume] (Bluefield, W. Va.) 1906-1911, 1910-07-18

That last piece OF Printing you
bought, did It give perfect satisfac-
ton? Perhaps the Topographic ar.
raDgement lacked harmony, was
not we'll baIancedger a word or words
spelt wrong. The Roland Printing
Bluefield evening leader. [volume] (Bluefield, W. Va.) 1906-1911, 1910-07-18
a Chanqcd Girl.

"Tlow Is 1t that Julia Is so Jealous
and QuarrclSome? She used to have
such Il sweet dispostion!'
81 know. but the past year she has
been singing In Il church choir"-Bai-
timore American. '-"'
Bluefield evening leader. [volume] (Bluefield, W. Va.) 1906-1911, 1910-07-18
Probably on the Team.

Such ignorance IS inexcusablep ex.
claimed Aunt Hypatia. my nephew
Perclval has been going TO college
nearly three years, and when I asked
him this morning whether ne knew
anything about Homer be said: 'sureI
A homer is hit that's good for four
bases "-Chicago Tribune.
zf-r.rzzsrsR
Bluefield evening leader. [volume] (Bluefield, W. Va.) 1906-1911, 1910-07-18

zfE Snr
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-05-24
In Korea and Brazil.

DIR. George Heber Jones of Korea and
Senior Alvairo Refs of Brazil were in
PRODUCED and gave interesting talks on
Sunday school and educational work in
the countries they represented. DR..
Jones stated that Korea was just awak-
ening and was ready for evangeization.
He spoke of the conditions in Korea
under the old regime. Woman was but
"a slave. There were no schools and
the hereditary nobility had no respect
for the rights of the common people
Christianity has changed all this The
people are welcoming Christianity and
throng the churches. In the short
time the missionaries had been i'm the
field 10000 converts had been made and
the work was still going on OF the
had been established by Christians and
had been taken over by the Korean gov
eminent. The Bible was in the list o.
books to be used AS text books. He stated
Christianity was very much like the in
tense enthusiasm that America had for
base ball.
Rev. j. l.. DUDE of South Africa, one
of the few colored delegates to the con-
vention, native Zulu, gave an inter-
tianity to the Zulus after their power
had been broken by the English. and
spoke of the work being done by the
missionaries for the education and en-
lightenment of the blacks in South At
RIGA.
DR.. w A. Duncan of New York. found
err of the home department. gave some
interesting statistics regarding his work
in that department of the Sunday school
movement
During the meeting Miss Jennie c.
Powell of Pennsylvania was called to the
platform and introduced to the assem-
blage as ore who had not missed at
tending Sunday school Of her home
ch,rch in thirty-five years. Many in the
congregation could hardly believe that
this was so, as the lady did not look as
if she had seen that many years
At Calvary Baptist Church.
Justice j. j. Maclaren of Canada pre-
sided over the afternoon meeting at Cal
vary Baptist Church. Following an open
ing devotional exercise. several delegates
seated In the body of the church respond
ed to Chairman Maclaren's request for
echoes from worlds Sunday school
day" The feature of the meeting was
the roll call of nations, when mission
aries gave a brief outline of their work
in distant countries. Rev. j. n. Swell
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-05-24
RAPID CURES OF ECZEMA
All Skin Troubles Yield Readily to This
New Healing Agent.

In stopping the itching attending eczema. o.
any itching skin disease. with first application
poslam. the new skin remedy. at once eases al
physical distress and proves its wonderful heal
ing properties. 1t is safe to say that poslau
has cured more skin diseases than any remed!
ever offered for these Ills. The very wors
cases of eczema. as well acne, psoriasis
herpes. letter, piles. salt rheum. rash. crustee
humors. scaly scalp and every form OF itch yieif
to it readily Blemishes. such pimples rec
noses. muddy and infiamed skin. disappear al
most Immediately when poslam is applied th'
complexion being cleared over night.
Every druggist keeps both the 5O-cent size to-
minor troubles, and the 81 jar. and either OF
these may he obtained at Ograms. ODonnell
Af1eck's and the Peoples Drug Store. as well a:
other reliable drug stores
But is even asked to purchase posian
without first obtaining a sample package. whicf
will be sent by mail free of charge, upon re
quest. by the Emergency Laboratories NO. d
We0fo5th street. New York city.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-05-24
FITTED WITH NEW MASTS.
River Schooner Edith Verral Under
going Extensive Repairs.

The two-masted schooner Edith Verral
one of the Clark fleet of wood and lum
Der carriers on the Potomac. has recently
been fitted with new masts at boat.
yard on the Wicomico river, has had
other repair work done and is lying ir
Nomini creek loading for this city. The
Verral will be kept in service on the Po-
tomac through the summer and fall sea-
son.
The schooner Isabel, which is in port
here unloading a cargo of lumber from
Nomini, will as soon as light go to Alex
andria to haul out on the marine railway
there for attention to her hull and other
order for active service during the sum-
mer. The Isabel is owned by Mr.. Hall OF
this city.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-05-24
CAR BREAKS HIS BONES.
Virginian Hit While Walking Or
Tracks of Great Falls Road.

Frank Williams, twenty-three wears
Old who dwells at Old Dominion Heights,
Va, while walking on the tracks was
struck by a car on the Great Falls AID
Old Dominion railway while near his
home about 1870 O'Clock this morning
and seriously injured.
Williams was brought to the north end
of the Aqueduct bridge on street car
and taken by the police to the George
town University Hospital. The surgeons
at the hospital found he had fractured
his left leg and that several ribs on
his left side were broken.
His condition is serious, although he
may recover
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-05-24

ing of simple chorus. running Travel
ing home. travelling home, led by Jesus,
l am travelling home" Mr.. Alexander's
conducting methods are spectacular and
theatrical in the extreme. but he makes a
tremendous appeal to great gatherings,
and there is no denying his ability to fuse
thousands into a compact and cohesive
singing body when once he gets fair
start.
After the choir had sung Travelling
Home" several times, Mr.. Alexander
swerved round and, facing the vast audi
ence. shouted out:
rs there a man in this meeting who
will get on his feet and sing that chorus
alone?"
There was such a man. He had place
in the extreme rear of the hall and he be-
trayed great familiarity with the song.
Also he had fine singing voice. He
mounted a chair and swung into the
chorus with vim. The audience went
wild with enthusiasm.
will the gentleman come on the plat
form and sing that chorus?' yelled Mr..
Alexander.
The gentleman would, and did. He
was introduced as former Represent tive
Walter o. Hoffecker of Delaware and
he sang the chorus again. standing in
the little raised rostrum alongside MI.
Alexander. After that the latter gen.
tleman had the crowd, as the say
ing is. and other hymns were sung with
a dash that keyed up the feelings OF
every one present.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-05-24

whole family of life members in the Sun
day School Associa ton He is a very
modest. manly little fellow and seems
almost as much interested in the Sunday
school work as his father, w. c. john
ston, ST.
Mr.. Johnston is the leader of the
young mems Bible class known as the
Three l. Bible class of Colorado
Springs. He shrinks from public notice,
but has announced s. 600 in contributions
10 Sunday school work through the in
ternational leaders at this convention.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-05-24

don of Norway. spoke for that land, and
Augustus Palm reported conditions in
Sweden Rev II. c. Rordam spoke for
Denmark: Rev. Charles Breler for
France; Miss Alice Bushee for Spain:
Pastor julius Rohrbach for Germany,
and Rev. Alberto Clot for Italy. Owing
to the strenuous activities of the day.
the meeting adjourned as soon as pos
sible so that the delegates might secure
some rest before attending the mass
meeting to be held in the evening at
Convention Hall.