The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1910-05-03

SlELl w tAS1
- prices" This duty was
@-- repeatedly urged upon
the Legislature, resulting finally IN the
creation OF a Corporation known as
The President and Directors or the
Literary fund and composed or the
Governor, Chief Justice, Speakers OIL
the Senate and Commons, and state
Treasurer. The fun was to consist or
dividends from the States Stock in the
banks OF New Bern and Cape Fear
not already appropriated to internal
improvements, dividends from the
States stock In the Cape Fear NaVi-
CATION Company, the Roanoke NaVl-
cation Company and The Clubfoot and
HarlOw's Greek Canal Company. n
tax on liquor and a~lctioneer's ! cel5es,
The unexpended balance Of agricul-
turai fund. n from entries Of
vacant lands. except Cherokee lands,
S21, go due from the United States
and all vacant n lnappropriated
swamp lands. This fund increased
from $88,5S6.32 IL 1882 TO $2,241,-
4S0.O5 in 1910; and it's income III 1910
had reached s1I1.OO0. In 1888, the
Legislature enacted that in every pre-
cinCt an election be held to ascertain
the voice OF n people upon the sub
ject Of Common Schools. There were
TO be not less than FIVE nor more than
ten superintendent III each County,
who should divide the County into
schoo! districts containing not mOr
than six square niles. with not less
than three nor more than six School
Concn 1itteemen to assist tl3e Superin-
tendent. IN heir district Forty dol
lars were TO be paid to each district
from the Literary Fund. when taxes
were levied to the amount OF $40,
ard d school house erected in each
district III the County sufficient to &C
nr ~ ~ To- - - ~ r. q r-rr
your counties voted for schools and
received aid from the Literary Fund
the first year: 1yrreIi $500. Cherokee
$40, Richmond $3.50, and Macon
1850. In 1910 most OF the counties
had adopted the system.
The General Assembly OF 1S4o-41
made important changes: providing
Cos the distribution OF the net in
come Of the Literary Fund among thu
counties in the ratio Of the federal
population. for the collection and pay
Fnent Of taxes to the Chairman Of the
Board Of Supernitendents By October
Eirst, Tor popular election of school
committees who should be bodies cor
porate, having control OF school and
holding the schooi property. Any
branch of English educat on was per
EaItted and all white children under
twenty-one years We're entitled to at
tend. In 1870, there were 632 Pri-
mary and Common Schools with a.
9s7 pupils. The disbursements for
the support OF the schools increased
from s2.400 Ia 1899, to $22,S36 in
1641, and s65.21! In 1842.
Both the acts were silent in respect
OF tuition charges, and it would seem
TO have been entirely competent for
the officials to make such charges
bat the question is not raised in the
records of the time. Governor Manly
declared, The system as then organ
lied, was not only deficient In or
ganization but In accountability. uni
formity, and its general
ment."
Difficulty was experienced in pro.
curing suitable teacher 1t had no
become for Southern womer
to teach. and there still live anon
Us those who remember when the pro.
priety OF their doing SO was at least
depatable.
Earlier Education.
The ountie OF the State gener
ally contain one or more academies
but the high price OF tuition is {
great obstacle to the general diffusion
OF education among the lower or
ders OF the people"
Seventy-three per cent OF the whit.
people over twenty a of age coult
read. This was largely due perhap;
~ the ot0 4 ctO SCt2OOiS. iieI'
were nearly 1900 Of these in tn,
State, supported By subscriptions ant
commonly very Indifferent.
The North Carolina Institute
Formed in 1884, met annually a
Chapel Hill. at Commencement. an.
heard lectures and addresses on tn,
subject Of Education. Simmons Jone
Baker, NJ. D, was President.
The University
The State University was opcne,
in 1895 and was conducte.
with varying fortunes until 1875
when the financial crisis Of 1925 wa
severely felt in the di1ninutio of stu
dents and income. A debt of 34A 10