davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-02-28
Question Becomes Important.

mo one doubts the vast industrial i'm
portance as well as the deep geological
interest of the petroleum question As
time elApses 1t will grow more and more
important, for the pinch of dwindling
coal resources will probably affect chill
dren of those already born.
I'm the interest both of the develop
ment and the conservation of our nat
ural resources all the means at the COM
mand of science should be brought to
bear on this mysterious subject. A
geologist and a chemist. each of the
highest order, should be coupled in the
long and difficult investigations needed
to elucidate the genesis of petroleum
The expense would be considerable, but
mo question in geology is more OBJ
scure that that of the origin of asphalt,
petroleum and natural gas" DIR. Becker
says. Certain facts of occurrence and
established" he explains, but the. in
depreciation to be placed upon them is
50 doubtful that the conclusion reached
may almost be said to depend on pre-
objection.
"A great number OF the more Impor.
tant Hydrocarbons found in petroIeums
can be produced artihcially from organic
substances, such as coal, wood and fish
oil. while identical or closely allied
hydrocarbons result from the interaction
iron and chlodhydic acid.
"In many cases petroleum is closely as
ISOLATED with fossiliferous strata: but
hydrocarbons likewise exist in meteorites
and in volcanic gases. They even
expelled by heat from granite and basalt
THE most orthodox opinion at the pres
ent day IL that a part of tho natural
hydrocarbons. such as are commonly
clssgided ~ asphalt. Aetroleum and nat.
| urat gas. spf, eEgsp os1gin and: q part
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-02-28

TO show train being robbed or the
pursuit OF clippers. somebody in the Ral.
lery, making targets OF the baldheads,
threw down small torpedoes that ex.
ploded on the craniums. A special of1cer
had difficulty in finding the spot whence
the torpedoes came, but finally arrested
Frank Como. fifteen and Joseph Bencsak,
nfteen. The boys were taken to the
Children's Society rooms.
They vigorously denied they were the
torpedo throwers.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-02-28
Fire Damage $500.

No / engine company responded to an
alarm of fire this morning about 10
o'clock and found a blaze in the house
of J. Ormond Wilson, 1439 Massachu-
setts avenue northwest. The fre was
caused by defective due and ebouts$2O0
damage resulted
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-02-28

Waiter Ito diner who has omitted to
tip)-Beg pardon. sir, but should you
hnd you've lost your purse, you haven't
taken e out while yDusvesbsens hare. sir
-Tntl
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-02-28
SPRING GOWNS AND HATS
HANDSOME CREATIONS Elk
HIBITED BY HEIGHT & co.
Modish Designs in the Latest
Weaves-Spring-weight Serge
Shown on Many Models.

Hecht & Co. inaugurated this
morning their initial display of millinery
and women's spring apparel in tailored
suits and other exclusive style gowns for
the early season. The vast establishment
is sylvan with palms and foliage. and
a spirit of patriotism is added by many
flags and pennons.
In the Womens tailored wear section
the weave now in vogue. spring weight
serge, is evidenced in many models in
ultra correct colors, black, gray, copen-
hagen, etc. Each is lined with guaran-
teed satin and made by one of the most
eminent tailors of New York. Tussorah
cloth, in plain and fancy effects, forms
the material of other modish designs
and interspersed with these staple fabrics
are other materials and colors that are
to be popular this spring. Among many
beautiful and Understandable models
on display is a walking suit of black ana
white shepherd check, in the new Rus
sian blouse. The natty coat is buttoned
on the side, and ornamented over the
blouse effect bust and around the neck
with vandykes ar scrolls of black braid.
buckle Of dull gilt. and the cuffs and
skirt are trimmed with buttons and
braid.
A champagne shantung is made on the
princess line, with stole front fastened
from bust line to knee with double row
Of tiny buttons in champagne tint. This
is embroidered at the top and bottom
with deep bands Of French knots in the
same toned silk. The yoke is of white
lace glinting with gold thread and de-
fined around the neck with a narrow
band of black velvet.
A house gown of two toned taffeta in
violet shares is hand embroidered in
violet silk over the surplice bodice, and
ed at the neck with narrow violet and
black pipngs. From the short silk over
sleeves fall bishop sleeves of the net
with cuff bands of violet and black
A dinner gown is of old rose faille in
one piece that is varied from last seasons
princess by the introduction of a girdle
of the old rose. The skirt shows the
new tunic drapery and the guimpe of
the bust with narrow tabs of aeroplane
blue silk caught with small buttons.
Hats From Paris.
The millinery salon represents the best
spring fashions from Paris and other
European style centers. New York's best
models add to the exhibit and the Hecht
milliners have competed for supremacy
with q display Of the handsomest head
wear ever produced by this store. Many
foreign and American productions are in
the new green chips and milsns in all
shapes, flowers OF every hue are shown
in trimmings and there is a beautiful
profusion of fancy aigrettes and plumes.
Among the models is a marauise hat,
large in shape. and formed of black neo-
politan weave. The rolled front and back
are garlanded with pink roses and leaves
which encircled the crown and forms a
floral bandeau.
Another large hat of black chip has
its brim rolled to show a facing of black
velvet topped with a band OF yellow
straw Showers of.yellow long-speared
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-02-28
Condolences Not Accidental.

"Study OF the map justif1es the state
ment that the condolences between the
occurrence OF petroleum and local dis
numerous to be attributable to mere acct
dent or chance There must therefore be
a direct or an indirect historical connec-
ton between the two phenomena in the
regions of coincidence. None of the n.y.
by the relations shown on the map. These
relations, however, are compatible with
the supposition that the great oil deposits
are generated from iron carbides either
by or without the agency of water. OF
these alternatives the latter is the more
plausible
What the map does prove is that
magnetic disturbances similar to those
arising from the neighborhood of min
erals possessing sensible magnetic at
traction-that is, iron, nickel cobalt or
magnetic. Henceforth no geological
theory of petroleum will be acceptable
which does not explain this association.
THE condition OF knowledge with ref
other bituminous substances is thorough
ly unsatisfactory. Some oils are I'M
doubtedly organic and some are beyond
question inorganic. The evidence shows
that neither variety can properly be re-
garded as unimportant.
This however, does not elucidate the
source OF the principal deposits, the great
petroleum pools. They may have been
derived from carbonaceous matter of
have been derived from carbides of iron
or other metals. 1t is also barely possible
that the hydrocarbons exist as such in
the mass of the earth.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-02-28
Association With Volcanoes.

Most intimately connected with the
origin of hydrocarbons Is the derivation
of the ammoniacal compounds emanating
from volcanoes. Many experiments have
demonstrated that the lava and the
smoke and the gases emitted from volca-
noes contain chlorohydric acid and am
monia.
Mr.. Brun found hydrocarbons In the
ashes or cinders of two volcanoes In the
Canary Islands and four volcanoes in the
Island of Java That portion of Java
north of the volcanic belt contains nu-
merous pools of petroleum. Mr.. Brun
saws that he Is forced to admit that
this petroleum Is of eruptive origin, but
he does not give his reasons for this con-
clusion. $50
..Sivlestri actually found bubble-like
rockets in the lava of Aetna containing
solid paraffins and liquid oil. 1t Is also
noteworthy that the volcanoes of the
Auyergne rest on a great granite mass.
and In this rock actual veins OF bitumen
occur.
massive rocks at distance from &C.
tive volcanoes contain hydrocarbons. AT
some points masses Of solid or liquid oils
exist in ancient rocks. but these may,
sources. In that form the hydrocarbon
exists in the rock before heating Is UNI
certain but it can hardly be absorbed,
for pulverization scarcely reduces the
quantity.
"Of all the association of hydrocarbons
perhaps not a single one is incapable OF
explanation on the hypothesis that they
are of organic origin. The cases of as
ISOLATION are SO numerous and their
character is SO diverse as to break down
the hypothesis of merely fortuitous col
location.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-02-28

is of inorganic origin: but when 1t comes
to estimating the relative importance OF
the two portions, there is no approach
to unanimity.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-02-28
Comparison of Maps.

Nevertheless. on glancing at Bauer's
map of the magnetic declination in the
United States for January 1. 1905. with
this idea in mind. I saw that the irregu-
iarities Of the curves of equal declina-
ton were strongly marked in the princi-
pal oil regions. When this map was COM
pared with one prepared by David T. Day
showing in detail the known hydrocarbon
deposits of the United States. the coinci-
dence became more striking and other
agreements became evident.
THE most marked evidence is found
throughout the great Appala oil
field. the area of greatest variation in
decination. In California, also, strong
reflections of the isogonal lines accom-
pany the chain of hydrocarbon depos-
it's. In the interior of the country the
condolences are less marked, but are no.
ticeable.
There are other systematic irregulari-
ties. wrinkles in the isogonic topography,
nected with oil. One such wrinkle runs
down the Atlantic coast and contains the
New Jersey native iron well as known
deposits of magnetic. Another lies under
latitude Al degrees and is doubtless due to
the great northern iron belt
mo detailed chart of the magnetic dec
lination in the petroleum fields of the
Caucasus has yet been prepared. MIR.
Bauer informs me, howeer, that great
magneticv disturbances exist in that re-
gion, SO that relations not dssimilar to
those in this country are proba BILE.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-02-28
Clark's Digest of Evidence.

'Mr. Clark has given an excellent digest
of the evidence in favor OF organic origin
in his Data of Geochemistry. He holds
that hydrocarbons are produced from
vegetable or animal matter.
The association Of petroleum with sedi-
mentary strata Is we'll known. In fact
oil Is found in large quantities only IN
stratified rocks, and Mr.. Clark says that
wherever sediments are laid down, In
closing either animal or vegetaple matter
there bitumens may be produced.
.The presence of water, preferably salt
the exclusion of air and the existence OF
an impervious protecting stratum OF clay
seem to be essential conditions toward
rendering the transformation possiDie
Sea weeds mollusks, crustaceans. hshes
and even microscopic organisms OF many
kinds, he says, may contribute material
to the change.
I'm some cases plants may predominate,
in others animals remain. The character
of the hydrocarbons produced is likely to
vary accordingly. just as petroleum varies
in different fields.
'.On the other hand famous men OF
science have accepted the arguments In
favor of the inorganic origin of asphalt,
petroleum, natural gas and other hydro
ca rbons. including Alexander Won Hum
boldt. and much evidence in favor of
HumboIt's views has accumulated during
the past century. l think 1T can be
shown that such hydrocarbons as are
Immediately associated with volcanic or
intrusive phenomena have an inorganic
origin.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-02-28
Another Hypothesis.

another hypothesis widely held. is that
carbon exists in the earth in the form OF
carbides Of metallic bases. Mendeleef was
the first to suggest that in nature n.y.
drocarbons were made from iron. Ex-
perimentally he relied for support upon
the we'll known fact that artificial iron,
cast or wrought, if dissolved in chloro-
hydro or sulphuric acid developed hydro
carbons.
"Others have made similar demonstra-
|tion. MoissaU was Led by his inveGiga.
tons to believe that carbidea: other-than
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-02-28
OIL AND MAGNETISM
Coincidence Regarding Dis
turbances of Compass.
DISCOVERY OF G. F. BECKER
Geological Expert Believes Iron Car.
bides Explain It.
DEPOSITS BELOW SURFACE
Theories at Variance Regarding
Generation of Asphalt, Petroleum
and Natural Gas.
DEPOSITS BELOW
SURFACE
BY WILLIAM f. CURTIS.

BY WILLIAM z. CURTIS.
Written for The Star and the Chicago Record
Herald.
DR.. George F. Becker of the United
States geological survey has recently
made curious discovery of certain strik-
ing condolences between local magnetic
disturbances and the location of oil fields.
He has found the presence of oil and
natural gas deposits in various sections
of the country where the magnetic dis
turbances are most noticeable. Although
not yet able to satisfy himself as to the
relation between the two phenomena. he
has raised an interesting question that
sometime may be determined
This discovery was made by placing a
map prepared by Dr. David 7. Day of
the geological survey to show the loca-
ton of petroleum deposits I'm this country
over a similar map prepared by DIR. A.
L. Bauer for the magnetic tables and
charts issued by the coast and geodetic
survey. Curiously enough, the petroleum
deposits and the lines of magnetic decli-
nation correspond in a most surprising
manner.
I'm thinking over this situation DIR.
Becker says. 'it occurred to me to in
quire whether any relation could be de-
pass needle and the distribution of pc
troleum and natural gas and other hydro
carbOns.
Not very much could be expected from
a. comparison of these phenomena. Mag
netite exerts an attraction on the needle
whether this ore occurs in solid masses
or is disseminated in massive rocks
Again. as was first shown by Brunhes
and David, many. If not all, volcanic
rocks possess polarity, so that repulsions
involved we'll
Even If the iron-carbide theory of
the genesis OF petroleum and other hydro
carbons were known to be correct-as
exclusively CORRECTING one would think
of maintaining that all bodies of magnet
lite have a connection, however remote
with the occurrence of petroleum. Hence
any indications of iron carbides and as
ISOLATED petroleum which the compass
might suppose to afford would be OBJ
scured by the local attraction of indie
pendent masses of magnetic. Earth cur
rents are also to some extent local, and
thus produce irregularities in declination
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-02-28
Special for the Opening.


$500 5000
creations
Opening specially priced
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1910-04-29
THE WAR IN ALBANIA.

All of sudden We have little
echo Of sold Turkey" in the news
from Albania. That region hns always
been one difficult to deal with. 1t was
sturdily Christian for centuries, then
became as sturdlly Moslem. Not only
Moslcm but devoted TO absolute auto
cracy and TO upholding the supreme
will Of the Sultan against all else and
against all assaults
Albania was a doubtful element in
the movement Of the "Young Turks
for the overthrow Of the old regime
and the deposition of Abdul Hamid, the
old Sultan. 1t has been understood all
along that the Albanians were not sat
ished with the change. They were let
alone for awhile 10 see if they would
not settle down to the new order, This,
it appears, they are disnclined to do,
against them. This, as was naturally
to he expected they resisted; and AL
banian resistance is resistance to the
death. IT is very determined and de.
voted race, and the new Turkish Gov
ernment will have q great difficulty in
subduing that province. Yet after all
it rs but a province of the empire, and
Will undoubtedly he reduced TO order
after a time, but only after much
bloodshed and al vast cost for mill
tary activities and in the destruction
of property. 1t is a war that is de-
Plorable in every way, being one on
tho part Of the Albanians for reaction
toward autocracy and the suppression
of human rights.
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1910-04-29
ONE MORE TO ADD.

When The Tribune, on last Monday
morning, printed the names of nearly
hundred new Mormon polygamists,
we said that 1T was not pretended to
be IN any way complete list, because
OF the deep mystery under which those
criminal marriages are always secreted
1t is evident that from time to time
others must come TO view, as may be
gathered from the recital herein made.
Richard d. Brown is sexton of Ogden
city, with residence at 2032 jefferson
avenue, Within the past FIVE years
there came to Ogden an English girl,
a convert of the Mormon church. Brown
and this young woman became acquaint.
ed, and although he was already pos.
sessed of two wives he thought that be
had room in his heart for affection to-
ward third. BY means of the usual
approaches peculiar to the polygamous
cult, Elder Brown succeeded IN con.
vIncing the girl that the Woodruff man
ifesto, which pretended TO inhibit plural
marriages, was in fact n dead letter;
that 1t was merely put forth to allay
suspicion and opposition, ard that really
it was the object Of the church to
continue in the old way of marrying un.
der the "eelcstial order He took
occasion, too, to impress the mind of
the young woman with the fact that
the unrighteous opposition Of persecu.
tors and general enemies Of the church
rendered it absolutely imperative that
great secrecy be observed in the prac-
tice- And SO he finally induced tho
girl TO marry him-if such a criminal
proceeding may be called marriage at
all. She now has child about three
years of age. and she lives with ono
OF tine daughters of Brown as n blind
TO ''fool the Gentiles. -
TL,s case. Of course. OILY adds one
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1910-04-29
THE IMPUDENT SMITH GREED,

Is Joseph +. Smith, with his impu-
dent and selfish Smithism, determined
to pull the Mormon structure down
about his eers7
If his intense brutality would per-
NIT him to do so, Joseph +. would
hear the almost universal murmuring
of the Mormon people. They are, in the
overwhelming majority, becoming impa
tient under the evident determination
Of their chief leader to overthrow their
old idols and set up in their stead new
idols shaped according to his own covet-
GUS and ncpotic fancy. 1t was on No
vember 10, 1901, at the special confer
ence of the church, which he called
in haste (and almost before the body
of Lorenzo Snow was cold in its grave)
for the purpose OF seating himself upon
the Mormon throne, that Joseph f.
gave intimation of his intention to
thrust Joseph Smith, the founder of
the church, down from his place as the
first Latter day Saint Of the latter day
dispensatiou, and TO place In his stead
as such his own father, Hyrum Smith.
Soon thereafter he indicted his son
Hyrum M. into the apostolic quorum,
and at the late conference he added
his son Joseph F., Jr., TO the quorum
of the twelve. There are now seven
Smiths in the governing body of TWEEN.
ty.si1. IT is so apparently his purpose
to establish a succession of his own
posterity upon the throne Of Mormon
dom that even the dull Of comprehen-
sion in the church can see it, and even
the most humble saint is murmurinp
against it. The project of Joseph +. is
an assault against Mormon ideals, be.
cause the Mormon people have always
throughout the years dreamed the dream
Of Brigham Young, as expressed in the
following words (see Journal of Dis
courses, volume 4, page 4D "I shall
bow to Jesus, and under him, to Brother
Joseph. -
Now, it ought to be plain, even TO
Joseph f., that it will be impossible
for him to inierbose his fathor Hyrum
between thc Savior and Joseph las La.
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1910-04-29
LOCAL HISTORY
WHAT HAPPENED APRIL 20.

Is52-The Deseret Iron company was Or
gani1ed at Liverpool. Emgi1I,d Eng ~ Ricb. Si1o
Erastus Snow and Franklin y It'll .
ards were appointed general "sen'e
and managers of the same
Is53-At a conference OF American AmT,d,,stan es
ers held in Calcutta tr;nnd mtnams1an; as
president OF the East India mission; is,e
RIchard BalIantyne, Robert Ske,'9l o, ~,
and Robert Owens were appoinGIed 70
labor IN ,,s Madras M,.,am yInnham in singa
more: Truman Leonard and Samuei
4. Woolley in Chinsurah: and Ma
tbeniel V; Jones ana ~, m,,dSo nnTgnr :" one
OF the pioneers OF isa7. was accl-
dentnlly drowned in the Weber river
1s55-A small company OF Mormop3s rs, ;nni sml-
grating to Utah sailed from Calcut-
Ia. India, per ship Frank Johnson
,ss,-rIder Revnolds Cahoou died at
South Cottonwood. Salt Lake county
OF dropsy.
ls65-The ship Belle Wood sailed from
Liverpool with 636 Mormons on noatu, o,Ior,
boqnd n!i,,s for Utah s,ssTan nnana inc The com
many landed Mt New York June ].
and arrived at Wyoming, NED on
tho 18th
1s66-Andrcw Peterson was ki,lea ,,,aiia siio
Thomas Jones Avery wounded wnlle
on guard duty near Fairview. San
pete county.
1sS4-A third trial OF the murderer EIeg
Hopt was commenced In the lhITG
district court, Salt Lake county. ne
was convicted May 5th, and sen
fenced on the 9th TO be shot June Is
1SS6-Frank ]. Cannon WAS arraiened ped
fore the Third district court. cnaTSeo rsI.
with battery on United states DIS
trict Attorney William II. Dickson.
On May ] he pleaded guilty 10 the
charge. The case OF Lorenzo snow
was argued In the United states su-
preme court.
1sS7-Queen Kapiolani OF the Sand"lch
Islands and company passed through
Salt Lake city. going east over the
Denver & Rio Grande railway
Charles Mccarthy Of American FORK
Utah county, was arrested on
charge of unlawful cohabitatlon.
1sSe-Elder David Garner, q memDer OF
the Mormon battalion. died at Nortn
ogden. Weber county. Andrew An
derson was arrested at Huntsville
Weber county, for unlawful cohao'-
lso0-C;eorge Hales. proprietor OF the
Richneid Advocate, was arrested on
a charge of violating the Edmunds
lSe2-The first cattleman's congress held
in the United States convened at
Ogden. Fifteen states were repre-
1sse@John Beck declared bankrupt.
ieo0-Trooper Tufts, Utah volunteer.
buried with military honors
loO1.-Connty asked to grant ,,n FRANCHISE Tlas,s
for suburban car line TO MIL creek
and Big Cottonwood.
1eo2-Judge Bartch testifies in Morrison
Snow case.
le03-Miss Emma Ramsey returns from
Paris Supreme court decides
against George a. Sheets In chief OF
police case. Bank OF Commerce and
Commercial National banks consoli-
dated,
l9o6-Salt Lake physicians in San Fran
cisco send for supplies. short Line
employees contribute 10 relief fund
Big Increase In Salt Lake population
reported Socialists observe May
day
1oo7-street car men strike and COMPANY
in attempting to move cars.
1s0S-Jordan school district votes TO is
sue $40. 900 bonds. City board OF
park commissioners decides to build
new band pavilion at Liberty park.
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1910-04-29

Oscar Hammerstein hns retired from
tho management of grand opera be-
cause singers demand such large sal
aries as 10 render productions practi.
cally impossible. Apostle Heber j..
Grant evidently does not think a great
deal of his art, or he would have vol
unteered to save the situation by tax.
ing the place of Caruso, for instance.
at the usual modest ~ per cent of the
{ I,xyuhcLs -