The Hawaiian gazette., 1910-08-26


landsche Revue (Haarlem), reviewing
an important work on this subject from
the pen of one of the editors of the
Dutch periodical, the New Financier
and Capitalist, the American Review of
Reviews has condensed the following
leading points.
According to DR.. Edmund Van Lipp.
man, one of the leading authorities, the
art of extracting sugar from the cane
did not become known until somewhere
between the third and sixth centuries.
India seems to have been the cradle
of the sugar industry. Thence it spread
to Persia, where an improved process
of publication was discovered. The
product was there cast into molds re.
sembling loaf of bread, in which fact
the origin of our designation "loaf
sugar" is to be sought. AS result
of the Arab invasion of Persia, sugar
found its way into Arabia, whence
again its culture was carried to Cypress
Rhodes, Sicily and Egypt. In the last
named country the preparation of sugar
was greatly improved, and the Egyptian
product became widely famous. From
Egypt the industry spread along the
northern coasts of Africa, and so en-
tered Spain, where, about the year 1850
some fourteen refneries were in opera
ton. Columbus introduced the sugar
/
ing to Van Lippman, its culture there
advanced so rapidly as soon to exceed
that of every other country. The cultl
walton of sugar, however, did not mere
ly spread westward, but was introduced
also into China and the East Indian
: archipelago, and more particularly into
. Java. In the latter country the Hol
landers found this industry a'ready il
: full swing when they made their frs
landing there in 1896.
While sugar was produced frCn tn
cane in large quantities in the earl,
centuries of our era ard some pieces
of publication was used, its refinement
in the sense in which we now use tn
word, was only discovered at Venice il
the latter half of the sixteenth GER
fury.
This applies of course, only to can
sugar The saccharine value Of beet
! was not realized until Andreas Sigis
mund Marggraf of Berlin recognized
in 1747 Its practical application, how
ever, was not made until ten years later
!. when Marggraf' s pupil, Franz Kal
. Achard, at Curorn in Lower Sil'sif
/. established the first beet sugar mil
But the wretched means used for tn
Y extraction CT the sap ard the inferio
:. quality Of the beets used made this a
). tempt a failure. 1t was not until NapC
/, leon /. established the Continents
l. System. " in 1906. which closed the ha,
r, bors of continental Europe to Englis
J. commerce, that life was infused int
2, the languishing beet sugar industry, a
S. though its full development had yet I
r, wait for many years. This again VIZ
n brought about by Napoleon. He did h
best to raise the beet sugar industry
the highest possible point, BY deere
$, of March % 1871, he offered one mi
], lion francs in prizes and set apa
y $4,000 hectares (about 10000 acres) (,
he production of beets, and establisht
five schools for theoretical and praci
cal instruction in the manufacture
sugar As result of this there we
A ms early ns 1928 fifty-eight reRneries
France, with an annual output of 500
"a tons of sugar From France the indu
,, try spread 10 surrounding eountri,
y" particularly 10 Germany ard RUSS
BY constant improvement in the cul
re walton Of the beet and means aud met
er ODDS Of manufacture, Germany has Z
yo many years eXcelled all other eountri
Ella IH the production OF beet sugar.
pt The competition between the proiu
ton Of sugar from the cane and Nh
IA from heets has always been sharp II
i, proved methods of cultivation. tho
M reduction of more eifeftIyt machiueI
N. and thr combination aud more ecor
y, m'e usr of capital caused the bee
y. sugar product. as early af lAssi Ia cqu
'' ihat Almrtrg from ihr cane
subsequently aud up a. lhss, /
Hfrrr COINED ground again. hut Din
% lhW year huH never been able 90 can
lN M formidable ufHl in thn gnAni|
ni paiHtri However thf constantly
pm UftafHH tUNIr upnn HiIrh faHr tHa
M I|r h..nH H"lHr.i No. NHla Nhffr
#I1.HH M uHfIaIlfH HaHtl hy d. ~