davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1910-01-30

ernment 1t might be found that he is en-
titled to the laurels of the highest legal
compensation. At the time of the sale of
the 100000 property 1t reported In
Washington that his fee was upward of
100000 OF course, mere rumor cannot be
credited in an official championship contest.
On another case Mr.. Cromwell Is said to
have admitted that he made SiO0, 900 in
sixty days. which is a very fair achieve
ment. 1t was his fee for adjusting the
affairs Of Decker, Howell G. Co.. New York
bankers. who failed for SIT 00O.0 900. There is
little doubt that Mr.. Cromwell realized six
figure fees for his work in organizing the
United States Steel Corporation. the Amer
lean Cotton Oil Company and the Ma
tional Tube Company.
Senator Elihu Root is recognized as one
of the leaders of the American bar, and in
his time he has received large compensa-
ton for legal services. Like other eminent
and highly paid practitioners, his work
has been constructive, instead of merely
negative. II is said that Mr. Roots fee
for acting as counsel for James Hazen
Hyde during the Equitable Life Assurance
Society disturbance was at the rate of
SO minute, or $1,000 day. One evidence
of the size of Mr.. Roots fees is his long
votion to craftsmanship, which is con-
ceded to be a costly luxury Many states
men have retired from public life because
they couldn't afford it.
James B. Dill, before he became Judge
of the Court of Errors and Appeals in
New Jersey. in 1865. at a salary of 5000 a
year, was corporation attorney who COM
manded enormous fees He relnquished an
income of 100000 a year to accept the
judicial position AS lawyer he often
made in a day the annual salary allotted
to him as judge. 1t was reported that
his fee for bringing about an amicable
settlement between Andrew Carnegie and
III. c. Frick and for organizing the Steel
Trust was $1,000. 900
When Mr.. Dill resigned from the directo-
rate Of more than a hundred corporations
to go on the bench several large combina-
tions felt so much put out that they filed
written protests with Governor Stokes
against the lawyers judicial appointment.
Mr. Dilfs friends explained that. although
he was only nfty-ons years old, he had 90
New-York tribune., 1910-01-30
FAVOR INsTRUcTING PUBLIC.

The only way that the problem Will be
solved, say certain experts, is by an edu-
cational campaign that will teach the pub
lie the true condition of the food trade, SO
that they will demand that the retailer
sell them goods for what they are If the
customer insists that his grocer tell him the
truth about the goods. the latter will nat
urally see that honest labelling is carried
back along the line to wholesaler and
packer. But to others this plan seems OF
doubtful utility.
Meats are frequently kept in storage for
short periods without freezing. Bacteria
and mould grow at temperatures only
slightly above the freezing point. and hence
slow decomposition will take place in such
storage goods 1t is in meat stored under
such circumstances that ptomaine poison
ing develops. Ptomaines are the poisonous
waste products secreted by certain species
of bacteria All bacteria do not cause
ptomaines, but there seems to be no way OF
telling with certainty when the ptomaine
bacteria will develop and when they will
New-York tribune., 1910-01-30
THE FLY IN THE OINTMENT.

A few months later this same house,
holder, in travelling down from Canada.
stopped at a small New England coast
town once famous for It's fisheries. While
there he looked through the cold storage
fish plant--all that was left OF the former
great industry Of the town. After passing
the shelves where sturgeon, buef1sh hall
but, ETC., were lying in their ice coverings
he came upon q large section entirely given
up to salmon. His inquiry led to the dis
covery that at the end of the salmon sea-
son, when the fish ere selling for as low
a price as p or q cents apiece. the greater
number of these catches are sent into cold
storage. They are held there until the be-
ginning Of the following season, when SAL
mon are scare and high priced. The cold
storage fish are then sent to the city.
mixed in with the fresh fish and sold at
the same figure. thus bringing over four
times as much as they would have brought
at the end OF the previous season.
Apples, the native fruit OF the soil all
around New York, are conserved as care
fully as pomegranates and handed out to
the public as sparingly. The only differ
ence is that In the case OF apples con-
sumers are not allowed to have them until
they are spotted. The whole from-tree-to-
eater process is not uninteresting. The
cooking apples for which one pays Is and l8
cents quart and the eating apples, which
sell at cents apiece or more, are gathered
from the tree by the farmers boy. who re-
cetves cents a barrel That Is the money
he earns for his labor OF pulling the fruit
from the branches, laying II carefully In .
little basket which Is swung over his arm,
climbing down the ladder and slowly plac-
ing apple after apple In the barrel so that
they will not be bruised. This process, re-
peated for the greater part OF a morning or
afternoon, finally fills the barrel. The fruit
is then taken away and put in cold storage.
the farmer himself receiving & q barrel or.
in fiourishing times, 81 q for his fruit This
was the process and these the prices
twenty years ago. To-day the farmer gets
exactly the same. In those days the fruit
sold at retail for s. SO barrel: now 1t sells
for S and Sc a barrel. But the amount OF
fruit produced is increasing all the time.
Another interesting feature about apples
is that every few weeks those In cold stor-
age-and that means the major part of the
New-York tribune., 1910-01-30
A Good System. but
Rather Too Easily
Perverted by Food
Gamblers.

,..cbsnical refrigeration is comparatively
lew invention. and the cold storage in
.,,s,rv based upon it has reached enormous
,.snitude IN the brief space of twenty-five
.b.rtv wears and is still steadily grow
e Like many another good thing. how
,'.r 4, Is easily perverted by INSCRIPTIONS
-s-sons and the general public. rightly or
r.-onrlr. has come 10 believe that its proper
s.,c,ions have been lost sight of TO such an
.,,en, that some drastic remedy. even gov
.-,,,ent supervision Of the warehouses, per-
ssns must be adopted 10 prevent gamblers
80 speculators from using cold storage
.s means Of raising the prices of food
products unduiy
The railroad has eliminated distance so
that the cities on the eastern seaboard are
-cw fed with food grown I'm that great
reservoir of fertility. the Mississippi VAL
I.v. In like manner cold storage has elm
tnsted season and made il possible TO feed
Americas ever growing population through
crt the year with the surplus products of
the seasons of abundance. Thus. with the
combination of cold storage and transpor-
,etlon, in the form of a refrigerating car
sergice Il becomes possible 10 utilize for
,he benefit of the whole country the most
productive climate and season for each par
,.cilar article OF food.
Refrigeration has undoubtedly extended
;u variety and quantity the available food
s,ypply for the provisioning OF the modern
rahle On the other hand. il has greatly
increased the opportunity for monopoly
end extortion- generation ago it was
rsossihle 10 corner the market in only such
commodities as grain. cotton and salt pork.
-;oT this power is extended 10 practically
tse whole range OF food products.
Artificial refrigeration is each year wild
.,iag IL its application First used for
making ice. then for storing meats it has
~ been extended TO poultry. eggs. dairy
rcI1cts, fresh fruits and vegetables of
I'll kinds.
rfcsrt compilation by leading cold
oraee trade paper gives the annual value
. .iered foods as follows: Meats. s.. 1.500,-
q 0ae: liquors. s325. 000 900; dairy prod
Is sfo6, 200. 000: fruits $4,000 600; fish.
25e00.000 poultry. eggs. dried fruit, nuts,
sgetabies and other unclassifled produce,
s5ee 00e 000 a total of $500, 600. 600.
Such an enormous total, OF which the
neat packers control the major portion,
places factor of market control within
the hands OF a comparatively few great cap
talists which never could have developed
had II remained necessary as of old TO con-
surne perishable products within a few days
after they have left the farm.
New-York tribune., 1910-01-30
A PRICE RAISING FACTOR.

Outside OF the increasing opportunity Il
gives for cornering a market, cold storage
tends 10 increase the price of foods in an
ether way. Fer illustration, take the tur-
key supply
Turkeys are in prime eating condition for
HlY few weeks around the holiday season.
r. means Of cold storage prime December
ts51eys may now be served 10 epicures at
s1y season OF the year, and a large por-
ntn of the turkeys marketed in the fall
are et present bought up and placed in
colo storage to supply hotels, steamship
lines. etc, through the spring and summer
months
AS result, the American turkey crop"
which is just about sufficient to feed the
nation for a single day, will no longer go
round. and for every first cabin transat-
kntic passenger who eats turkey in June
some American citizen who IS less plenti-
fully supplied with lucre must eat his cram
berry sauce with chicken or roast pork.
Eggs during the spring and summer
months were formerly among the cheapest
OF foods. BY means Of cold storage the
consumption OF eggs has been spread more
equally throughout the year and eggs.
which are a real table delicacy, are now
consumed at all seasons by those who have
tAO p14SS ne dS with LUZ -
that the price has been raised go materially
that eggs are at all seasons an expensive
Item OF diet IN the cities.
The same principle applies to many other
commodities. for cold storage has practi-
cslly eliminated season, and the market in
times Of plenty is now kept closely bought
up. which prevents the former drops in
price. The goods. once in the warehouses,
RI those "
70 pay. at as high a price as the traffic
vii bear
New-York tribune., 1910-01-30
A CAT TWENTY YEARS oIn

John Ferguson. OF Clark's Mills. withous
much doubt has the oldest cat In York
County. II not in Maine. He Is of good Old
fashioned New England breed. none OF the
fancy variety and was raised as . kitten
IN the family. II ne lives four months
longer he Will be twenty years old. The
cats appetite Is not 90 robust A n one.
was and he isn't bothsring much ahoue
rats and mice. but his health is fnir,v snoa
and no child In York County e>ea sek>er
care than the Fsrgusen family sav~ 49,
vensrablo foltnA-Lewissoa Jounaa
New-York tribune., 1910-01-30

In the case Of the small user OF space
higher rate was charged. Mr.. Horne said,
because of the increased cost OF the service
to the small dealer. Each lot OF goods had
TO stand separately, and II II was a small
lot which did not reach to the ceiling 1t
was occupying valuable space which
larger dealer would use. The small dealer
also would take out only proportionately
small quantity of goods at one time. The
elevator service must be utilized for one
case of eggs or a dozen cases.
incidentally, one of the reasons given as
TO why the small corner grocer could have
no use for the cold storage plant illustrates
why il costs so much to get the edibles
from the producer to the consumer. From
the producer the goods go to the whole
saler. AS the latter does not care to bother
with small orders he will not sell to the
small grocer but makes his sales TO a
jobber. This tohber plnns to make a couple
of cents a pound on butter-to continue the
use of that commodity as an example
when he sells II to the retailer. The latter
buys from the jobber in small quantities
from day to day and week to week He
expects to make four or five cents pound.
If a Brooklyn corner groceryman. for in
stance wishes to get three tubs of butter
he would not come over to Manhattan. but
would go to a jobber in tho Wallabout
Market
A third way in which cold storage in
creases the price Of foods Is by the addi
ton to the consumers price of the expense
and profit of conducting the cold storage
business. OF course, those who pay this
item are consuming the goods out OF sea-
son and have no legitimate right to object.
1t is rather the influence Of the industry
upon raising the price of foods in their
natural season of plenty that has raised
the hue and cry against cold storage.
Even fish are no longer fresh from the
sea" All kinds of food are now kept
in storage for the scarce seasons. The
cne fish which was thought to be immune
from preservation in cold storage was the
salmon. but it has come to light that
method has been found Of keeping it.
A large householder in New York, whose
family is extremely fond of this fish, left
an order last spring at his fsh dealers to
have the best example Of the earliest catch
sent TO him. Presently very fine looking
salmon was sent to his house. 1t proved
to be all that the palate could desire. fresh
and of good flavor The next week another
was ordered, and again q very fine looking
salmon was sent. This time however. the
fish was dry and quite tasteless and was
sent from the table to feed the cats. Both
fish were the same price. 80 cents, and the
dealer was as much puzzled about the diff
ference In quality as the consumer.
New-York tribune., 1910-01-30
He GOT WORK.

What were you running for when saw
you to-day. Sam?"
at heard OF some work, sah'
And did you get the Job. Samr'
II sure die. boss
What kind of work did YOU procure.
SAM
"Soms washing for M wtfsv-Ycnksrs
6tAteouaAn.
New-York tribune., 1910-01-30
A DANGEROUS POWER

1t is useless to inveigh against an fn-
dustry so firmly established and so essen
tiai TO modern habits OF living IS is cold
storage, but here. as elsewhere. science
and invention have placed within the hands
OF men powers so great that their indis-
criminate use for private gain becomes IN
tolerable.
Many persons who have studied the sit
uation carefully declare that men must
choose between two solutions-either cut
out the methods of modern civilization ana
go back TO the land and wear homespun
and eat salt pork and sauerkraut. or class
the cold storage warehouse as q public
utility, TO be supervised and controlled by
the state or the federal powers for the rood
of the public
In Australia cold storage warehouses are
already In the hands of the government.
and the farmer may place hts goods there
In. TO be sold at his direction for such
profit as the keeping TO q season Of scar,
city legitimately involves.
New-York tribune., 1910-01-30

1t is a striking fact that while one pays
Is cents quart for American apples in
New-York tribune., 1910-01-30
FURTHER FACTS ABOUT EGGS.

Complaint and argument have arisen ali
along the line over the price Of eggs. The
average housekeeper probably does not
know in fact she has no means Of know
ing. that there are not more than one ono
hundreth enough eggs laid in winter to
supply the market which demands fresh
laid eggs. Yet every one who wishes them
can buy as many fresh laid ones as he
likes OF course. the majority OF these
come from cold storage and are three
quarters of year old That we must buy
cold storage eggs in winter is a fact that
no one can help. and consumers are ready
to recognize that if they did not have this
way of keeping them there would DO
months in winter when they could have
no eggs at all The abuse which IL seems
that one has right to object to is that
when cold storage eggs sell at wholesale
for q cents dozen the consumer must
pay 80 and 50 cents for these same eggs
because they are reposing In a basket
marked Strictly Fresh Laid" The whole
saler and the retailer. too, then have the
assurance to say that the fault il the
consumers, because they desire to b
fooled
A wholesale produce merchant said to a
representative of The Tribune yesterday
that there was no community In the whole
of the United States so anxious to be mis-
led as New York
You try to sell eggs at retail just now
for. say, 35 cents a Dozen" he explained.
land the customer will at once refuse TO
buy them because the price reveals them
a cold storage product. This same
customer Will go across the street TO an
other grocer, who is selling the sams eggs
for 60 cents. and will buy a supply there
What is the result?'' the merchant con-
tinued- Within two blocks OF me there
is a produce merchant who buys cold stor-
age eggs by wholesale from me. carts
them around to his shop, takes them down
in his cellar where he has a number OF
girls working every day with red ink date
stamping machines marking the eggs with
the date OF the day before. These ars
sent right out on the market and sch for
70 cents a dozen"
New-York tribune., 1910-01-30

New York City, which is comparatively
gear the spot where they are grown, the
people of Finland in the city of Helsingfors
can buy these same American apples for
or cents a quart
New-York tribune., 1910-01-30
MIRACLES OF CHEMISTRY"

There are wonders of chemistry per-
formed in some cold storage plants, which
give to meat just before 1t is sold any
color, flavor or odor desired One of these
processes is called "reddening,'' which
gives to the meat a bright, red. fresh
looking color, making it possible for II to
pass fresh meat.
A choice cut of beef recently sold to
housekeeper in New York at a high price
looked most tempting when delivered after
it was thawed out and prepared for the
table the odor from 1t was so bad 1t had
to be removed from the dining room Not
long ago some chickens were sold by a
cold storage company to a dealer as first
class fowls. When they arrived they were
so green and Shiny inside and so poor that
they were treated and put In cold stor-
age again to 'sweeten'' them and plump
them out: but they were too far gone to
be benefited by the process, and were sold
at great loss by the dealer
In some of these refrigerating establish
ments butter is increased In weight by
adding salt and water and then freezing 1t.
Stale butter Is bought at low price.
worked over colored. put away for a while
and then sold as fresh country butter.
In order to thaw the goods quickly. and
also because 1t adds somewhat to the
weight, frozen poultry is frequently thawed
by soaking overnight in water. This re-
suits In bacterial contamination. which
greatly hastens decay. If the poultry were
retailed frozen, 1t would reach the consumer
In a much more wholesome condition.
Some investigators of the United States
Department OF Agriculture advocate the
retailing of all cold storage goods in a
frozen condition. The branding of cold
storage foods has not been required by the
pure food law because, 1t is alleged, of the
great expense and difficulty connected with
the enforcement of such a ruling. 1t is en-
tirely practicable for the government to
supervise the manufacture of foods. where.
by buying single cans or packages at ram
dom, the inspector can see that the label,
weight and purity are up to the require
ments of the law. In the case of meats.
eggs, vegetables. ETC.. which are sold loose.
the enforcement OF an honest representa-
ton of the goods would be extremely Diff
ficult for it would require inspectors on
guard at every retail shop.
New-York tribune., 1910-01-30
A MIGHTY PROBLEM.

Those who advocate legal measures for
bidding the sale OF cold storage foods
hardly comprehend the problem with which
they are attempting to grappie- II is not
attempted to annihilate railroads becauss
they harbor abuses, but to correct and
control them
On the other hand it is argued In favor
of cold storage that Ii results In more
even distribution of food products through
out the year, and prevents sudden quota
tions in the market which are ruinous to
the producer and Of little advantage to
the consumer. Even IL eggs should drop
to cents a dozen for a few weeks in
April, the consumer would get compara-
lively little benefit, as there would be no
particular satisfaction in eating nothing
but eggs for few weeks in spring and
going without them for the rest OF the
year. and for the consumer 10 attempt
to preserve eggs himself would be gen
orally as hopeless as for eommuter. who
objected to the evils OF the railroad, to
try to walk TO work
There Is a distinct advantage, too. in
having more uniform price for produce
Before the days OF the refrigerating cars
and cold storage warehouses. the price OF
produce. dependent upon the amount of
day, fiuctuated greatly in each local mar
ket. The commission man sometimes. it
is said, took advantage OF the fluctuations
in this way: II strawberries were Is cents
a box one day. and 10 cents the next, he
would wait day or two and then inform
the shipper that his goods were delayed
in transit. and received on the day when
market quotations were low
1t seems probable that the evils Of cold
storage can be solved only as cam those OF
transportation. The effects OF the industry
have become thoroughly intrenched in civ
ilized mans habits OF living He expects
to eat eggs all the year round, whereas his
grandmother used them in the winter only
for cake baking. Likewise. apples In May
or June are taken as a matter OF course
whereas preceding generations did without.
Strawberries the epicure now wants in
February. which, save for a meagre ouan-
tity Of greenhouse berries at prices be-
yond the ordinary buyer. would be impos-
sible without the refrigerator car or coaA
storage in transportation. The farmer hao
increased his production OF perishables.
with the knowledge that the storage men
would buy up his surplus. To prohibit this
would be to glut the market in the season
OF heavy production, so that apples would
rot on the ground
IT would indeed be impossible To pro-
vision the enormous population now CEN
tired In cities through the seasons of scar
city without the use Of refriseratiou In
transit and storage.
New-York tribune., 1910-01-30
Overnm ent Super.
vision SUGGESTED by
Some Persons As
a Remedy.

not Freezing prevents all bacterial GROWTH
and hence all danger from this source
AS long as frozen goods are thawed be-
fore retailing this custom OF storing meats
unfrozen can be broken up only by rigid
government inspection. some experts say
II the public once learned 10 demand that
storage goods be retailed frozen there
would be no excuse for storage without
freezing. and the meats and poultry In the
market would fall into two distinct classes
frozen and fresh killed Meats kept IN
storage without freezing would thus be-
come contrabrand articles and be subject
to confiscation by pure food authorities.