davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1910-08-06
SHOUT BEETLE PEST
DAMAGES YOUNG FRUIT
Accidentally Were Being
Made Plum Apple Curcu1ios-To
Eradicate 3JF 4S

feed on the fruit, forming tortuous
tunnels through the flesh. or, more
often, make large and irregulariy
shaped feeding chambers about the
core. The excavations are filed with
dark-colored, granular excrement
scarcely any of which is cast to the
surface of the fruit. The larvae are
not able to reach full growth within
apples that hang to the branch and
continue to grow vigorously. They
will live for few days in such fruit.
feeding about the chamber in which
they Matched, but die after brief eff
fort to subsist on the juicy, growing
fruit. In apples that cease to grow.
whether they fall to the ground or re-
main as mummies hanging to the
branches, the larvae live, reach full
growth and then pupate within the
fruit.
1t was not determined whether the
| wounds of the apple weevil alone are
sufficient to cause the apple to drop or
whether the species is dependent upon
assistance from fungous diseases and
| other insects in causing the apples to
come to a condition which suits their
requirements in reaching full develop
ment
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1910-08-06
HOG IS PROFITABLE
Half of Product Consumed In
Southern States Is Imported.
Some Features In Industry That
Should Appeal to Every Thought
full Farmer-No Other Meat Pro-
ducing Animal More Prolific.
Rr n p IInYnN

(By e. II. LLOYD)
Notwithstanding the great advan-
tages possessed by the southern states
for profitable hog-raising, about fifty
per cent. annually of all the pork con-
sumed in those states is imported.
This should not be SO. With our ia
cilities for producing cheap feed, we
should export and not import hog
products. There are some features in
hog raising that should appeal to
every thoughtful farmer. No other
meat-producing animal is capable of
producing so many young in a year.
In our mild climate, where suitable
pasture can be provided for nearly
every month in the year, the sow
should farrow twice annually, produ-
cling one litter in early spring which
can easily be made ready for the late
fall or early winter market, and an
other litter in early fall to be made
ready for the spring market The
small amount of capital required to
begin with and the quick returns on
the investment should make hog rails
ing especially attractive to the small
farmer with limited means. The hog
will make pound of gain on less food
than most live stock, and will profit
ably utilize the waste products around
the farm, dairy and kitchen.
No man should attempt to raise
hogs without adequate pastures. For
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1910-08-06

Section Of Portable Fence.

pastures, woven wire is the best
fencing material. all things consid-
cred. Around the field to be used for
pasture run woven wire fence 30
inches high with three strands of
barbed wire above. This fence will
not only turn hogs but othe- live
stock.
For convenience in preparing the
land and planting the crops, 1t is best
not to divide the pasture up with
permanent fences. When the crops
are ready for the hogs, by using the
hurdle or portable fence, the field may
be divided into lots of any size. The
hurdle fence is simple and cheaply
made and when not in use can be
taken down and stored under a shed
until needed again.
There is mistaken idea held by
some that alfalfa. red clover, rape
and similar crops will produce profit.
able gains when pastured without
grain. The practical trials made at
many experiment stations prove this
not true. OF the many forage plants,
alfalfa Is one Of the most satisfactory
for hogs. since it can be made a per.
manent pasture and is rich in protein
making an excellent combination with
corn. The leaves are tender and the
stem small. which make it easily mas
ttcated. and 1t is very much relished
At the Mississippi station careful
tests have been made to determine the
value of alfalfa pasture without grain
Tor hogs. Pigs ranging in age from
three to twenty-four months have
been used, and the results OF two
years work show that alfalfa is little
more than maintenance ration FOL
growing hogs without grain. Satisfac
tory gains have always been secured
from alfalfa pastures by supplement
ing the pasture with from one to tws
per cent Of the weight of the hogs IL
corn or other grain.
Cowpeas without grain SO far ha.
given better results than any othe,
crop for hog pasture. In one test tn,
crop was grown on thin hill land
where one acre of cowpeas produced
$50 pounds of pork. In another tes
on rich valley land one acre of COW
peas produced 483 pounds of pork
The hogs were put in the field whe,
the peas were about ripe.
The illustration shows a section of
portable fence for use In keeping hog
In any desired pasture.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1910-08-06

In making observations on the ex-
tent of injury that was being done to
apples by the plum and apple cur
culios. during the spring and summer
Of 1909. it was noticed that another
small snout beetle was present on the
trees and was doing considerable dam
age to the young fruit. The insect
was not recognized at first and speci-
mems were forwarded to the special
lists in Washington who identified them
as belonging to the species whose
technical name is given above.
The species does not appear to have
attracted attention previously as an
enemy of apples but according to OBJ
servations made by the writer the
habit of breeding in this fruit seems
so we'll fixed that the common name
apple weevip' is suggested as being
suitable.
The first instance that came under
our notice, in which apples were at.
tackled by this insect, was in June,
1907, when Mr.. w. E. Rumsey saw
one of the beetles lay its egg in an
apple growing on the Experiment Sta
ton farm at Morgantown. In the
spring of 1909 Mr.. Rumsey also saw
numerous punctures in young apples
in Berkeley county which he at
tributed to this species. At French
Creek. in Upshur county, the beetles
were abundant on apple trees during
the past summer $1,000. and in some
cases almost every fruit on unsprayed
trees showed the punctures of the in
sect.
The beetles make two kinds o:
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1910-08-06
HOW / WIN
By WILLIAM ("BULL') DAHLEN
Manager Brooklyn National League Club,
Former Shortstop Anson's Famous
White Stockings

to move either way-to dive back to
first or go on to second. In the field
he moves with the ball, and is moving
when it is hit. SO he covers more
ground.
A young player starting in the bust
ness should watch every move of the
batter, and poise himself for the start
just as Splinter does. remember
that one of the first things taught me
after l joined the old Chicago club
was starting. and the crowd of great
players under Arson won many games
because they started faster and were
reader in Selling an opportunity than
their opponents were. Another thing
they taught me was sliding to bases,
not only so as to avoid being touched,
but also to avoid getting hurt or hurt
ing any one. That slide known as the
Chicago slide" was the invention of
Kelly and adopted by Burns. William.
son, Pfeffer and the great players OF
that day. There is more footwork to
that slide than in any other depart.
nent of the gains. It consists in
watching the position of the baseman
who is receiving a thrown ball and
throwing the body in the opposite di.
rection, sliding on the hip with the
leg partially bent under and the toe
hooking the bag.
These are points seldom brought
out in writing about baseball, and
write them because asked to tell for
the benefit of young players what ]
think makes winners.
The game is one of constant study
and observation-and it is hustle and
work all the way, never letting W
and always being prepared to seize
any opportunity that presents. There
are opportunities in almost every
game for the team that is hustling
running out every hit and on it's toes
all the time, to win by scoring a
bunch of runs, and the team that con
stantly Is looking for those chances
is a winner.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1910-08-06
The beetles make two kinds

wounds in the fruit. One of these is
made by the female to receive the
egg and the other is made by both
sexes in feeding. Both forms OF
wounds are in the shape of minute
punctures through the skin which ex-
tehd to a depth Of about .04 Of an inch
into the flesh Of the apple. On the
surface Of the fruit the average sized
opening is slightly less than .01 Of an
inch across but beneath the skin 1t is
enlarged considerably. Externally
the egg punctures may be distin-
guished from the others by the small
mass Of glue-like excrement with
which the opening through the skin is
sealed. The feeding punctures are left
open. The wounds are SO small that
in making a careful examination the
aid of a magnifying lens is necessary.
The fruit may be attacked at any
point on the surface but the pune
lures are found usually most numer-
GUS about the calyx and stem. So far
as could be determined, nearly all the
wounds that are made in sound fruit
occur when the apples are quite small.
The feeding punctures, in cases where
decay does not set in, usually heal
over SO that they show only as minute
scars in the ripe fruit. The same Is
true of the egg punctures where the
eggs fail to hatch or where the larvae
die soon after beginning to feed, as Ia
often the case. The wounds made by
the weevils are sometimes found and
enlarged by plum curculios and pos
sibly by other insects that feed on
apples. The wounds also form CEN
tiers for the spread Of decay.
The larvae that hatch from the eggs
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1910-08-06
When Raising Turkeys.

It Is best not to feed mixed grains
to growing turkeys, or to old stock. II
one grain is fed at each meal they
will eat up all that is given them I'm:
less overfat. If several grains are
fed at once, they may pick up little
Of the grain most liked and leave the
rest.
Do not feed the turkeys on one
grain continually, but vary the food to
include principally corn. wheat and
oats.
Do not feed the turkeys heavy
meal in the morning, but feed lightly,
or not at all, so they will have reason
to forage widely through the fields.
Any young turkeys that seem fire.
quently or continually ailing should be
killed and buried. They will never be
valuable for any purpose and 1t will
save trouble to put them out Of the
way.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1910-08-06
Handy CuItivator.

disk blades can be purchased at the
average hardware store and the frame
work of the cultivator, or wheel hoe,
is made of two handles joined to-
gether with a brace strip between
same and an iron rod fitted with
threads and a nut at each end to go
through the handles and through each
disk. The disk blades are held apart
at the distance desired by blocks OF
wood, through which you have bored
a hole the size of the connecting rod
upon which it is placed, thus holding
each blade apart and permitting them
to turn easily. The simple motion of
showing or wheeling the cuitivator
ahead, as with a wheelbarrow, cuts
up the soil in very effective man
ner and is of great value on heavy
soils where it is hard to work the
usual hand pillow or cultivator.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1910-08-06

fellow players to see what tney are
doing. The mind must be alert al
every instant during game. There
il no room in major league basebali
for any except fast-thinking and fast.
moving players. I do not mean that
a PLAYER must be ten-second man
7 mean he must be on his toes, ready
to lump in any given direction Win
ont the loss of an instant
Footwork in baseball is one or the
most necessary things. A man who
handles his feet we'll, either batting,
feldiug or base running, is good
nlaver. for footwork is better than
ability with the hands. 1t is as neces'
sary for a player to be shifty on hla
faet as it is for a boxer. No one can
he shifty unless he is on his toes all
the time, and fiat-footed player Is as
had as a fiat-headed one-and usually
the two things 80 together.
The batter who is on his toes bal
anced and. ready for the jump. VIII
hit for he can shift and swing and
.tii, get his weight behind the bat
The shifty runner on first 10 ready
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1910-08-06
GENERAL FARM NOTES.

Try to keep the cows clean; 1t 10
easier than cleaning them.
If one has ten gallons of milk to
spare daily 1t will not feed 100 grow
ing pigs. A pig cannot grow on less
than quart of milk daily.
1t is better to keep two or three
pigs and feed them all they will eat
at all times than to keep more on
half feed.
AS quick as one COW is MIXED weigh
the milk and record it on the weigh
sheets and know what your cow is
doing.
There are few farms that do not
have from one to half dozen or more
waste places growing up to all man.
ner Of weeds and undesirable brush.
Those who are engaged in butter
making as profession consider that
the two most important factors in
good butter making are clean cream
and proper ripening.
Tankage. like by-prodlcts from the
slaughter-houses, is very rich in pro-
TEN, and for that reason is a highly
concentrated food and must be fed
with care.
The pig that makes profitable gains
is the one that has all the feeds in
variety that it can consume and grows
vigorously, without check. from start
to finish
Keeping the fence rows mown so
that the sun can shine upon the soil
at all times will almost invariably re-
suit in a good stand of grass within
at least two seasons, and often in one.
Middlings are without doubt an ex-
cellent feed for young pigs previous
| to weaving and perhaps for a short
time after, but beyond that they
should make up only a small part OF
the ration for the growing and fatten-
ing hog.
All clay soil and soils which become
packed easily need organic matter. To
these soils a great deal Of manure
should be applied or they should be
seeded to some kind of grass. The
grass roots decay and increase the
amount of organic matter.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1910-08-06

ways is fire where there is smoke.
There certainly was some smoke is
suing from the Pittsburg camp. Some
thing was wrong with the team. It
hasn't been playing the ball 1t figured
to play. Pretty nearly all of the other
teams had been soaking the champions
on the jaw. They got another man to
play first in Flynn's place, but he
didn't last long. Then Wagner was
shifted from short to first Tommy
Leach came in from the field and took
Wagner's place. Campbell. center
fielder, and Wilson, right fielder.
changed positions. The lineup worked
well the first day and the Pirates won.
Pittsburg's team is never beaten I'M
til the last man is out, and as the sea-
son isn't half over, Clarke's men can
not be counted out Of the running un-
less the story of internal strife has
more truth to it than seems to be the
case. If the players are fighting
among themselves it is serious prop.
osition, for it has been shown that
there is little chance for any baseball
club to do the proper work when there
is dissension in the ranks.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1910-08-06
Feeding Dairy Cows.

Professor Eckles Of the Missouri
agricultural college gives the follow
ing rules for feeding a dairy COW:
1. Feed all the roughage she will eat
up clean at all times.
2. Feed one pound of grain per day
for each pound of butter fat produced
by the cow per week.
8. Feed all the COW will take with
out gaining in weight.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1910-08-06
Too Many Eggs.

Indigestion caused the death Of q
huge blacksnake on a farm in Della
ware. The snake had been stealing
eggs for long time but the farmer
could not find the thief that had been
robbing his poultry house. One day
he came upon huge biacksnake lying
dead In the path near the barn. Ex-
animation showed that he had recent
ly swallowed six good eggs and along
with them two china ones, which
caused his finish.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1910-08-06

be folded and stored away or carried
and set up for use anywhere. The
main frame is made in four parts and
Joined together with hinges, as shown
in Fig. 1. The frame can be COW
cred with wire netting. or boards put
on the top part with netting on the
ends. A small hook and eye should
be provided at each end to hold the
parts in place.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1910-08-06
| cULTIvAToR EASY TO WORK
Shown In Illustration Can
: Be Constructed at Slight Ex-
pense-Many Advantages.

In the small space of the garden tho
horse is often damage, as the FREE
quent turning around and usual
tramping of the plants is more loss
and labor than to cultivate the ground
with a hand cultivator. The disk cul-
tivator shown in illustration Is very
easy to work and can be constructed
at slight expense. as the coceave
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1910-08-06
Machine Destroys Boil WeeviI.

It is said that a Louisiana man has
invented a machine that catches and
destroys the cotton boil weevil The
machine can be made at a cost Of
seven dollars and two boys can op-
crate one. It is made principally Of
cotton cloth and is drawn over the
plant, when the weevils and all in.
jured bolls are shaken off, The bot
tom of the machine is coated with, tar
which prevents the insects from flying
away.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1910-08-06
The Berry Garden.

There is very little excuse for
having currant, gooseberry and other
berry bushes in the garden on farm
Give them a plat by themselves and
work every foot of the garden plat ID
vegetables.
In a village garden the owners must
often put up with the Inconvenience
of growing berries and vegetables On
the same little plat.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1910-08-06
Flowers in the Garden,

A few flowers should be planted in
the garden, even if it is out of sight
from the road. 1t will be more at
tractive place to work in and many a
fine bouquet can be cut for table deco
rations and as gifts TO friends. There
are numberless floral beauties from
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1910-08-06
Mclean Gets a Knockout.

Mclean was hit in the neck by q
thrown ball in recent game and
knocked out. II there is a bump
coming to anyone during action, It is
usually Larry who gets it He should
get neck protector.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1910-08-06
comiskey Buys George Browne.

George Browne, an outfelder for
merly with the Cubs, is now a White
Sox player. Comiskey bought him
from Washington. The Sox fans can't
see just how Browne is going to help
the Sox if Washington didn't want
him,
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1910-08-06
Food for SoWs.

Old sows usually farrow more and
larger pigs than young ones.
A mixture of little salt, charcoal,
ashes and air-slacked lime has good
effect upon parasites Of the digestive
system of either young or old pigs.
From five to twenty acres of corn
planted with a view to letting tho
hogs harvest 1t has proven a very
profitable investment for many farm
ere,
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1910-08-06
HANDY COOP FOR THE CHICKS
coIlaps'bIe and Portable Kind Can Be
Folded and Stored Away or Set
Up Anywhere for Use.

The average chicken coop made Of
soap box or some other small box
Is not always convenient for shifting
about to use in different places. The
following plan for collapsible. port
able chicken coop appears in Popular
Mechanics:
The collapsible A-shaped coop can
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1910-08-06
Sklm-MiIk for Hons.

SNBU-WitR TOT rTOUSs
One farmer who feeds his hogs tho
skim-milk warm from the separator,
mixed with cornmeal in the ratio az
one to three. figures that he secures
what amounts to 40 cents hundred
pounds for his skim-milk-
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1910-08-06
Asparagus.

Asparagus takes the place of nsw
peas in taste and is sovereign,
remedy for latent kidney troubles o.
every kind
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1910-08-06

which to choose, but some q the old.
fashioned ones should not be neglect
ed. They serve to keep fresh old
time memories and hence no doubt
assist in making our lives purer and
better.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1910-08-06
The Hog Pens.

Put hog pens a good distance from
the house. They are neither good to
gee nor smell from the house.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1910-08-06

copyright. 1910. by Joseph B. Bowies.'
The only theory on which ever
have worked is that every man on a
team should work for the common In
terest, that each man should help out
each other one, and that eight men.
If strong ought to help out the weak
one.
Close attention to every move IL
essential. Not only should player
watch every change Of position OF his
opponents. but he should watch his
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1910-08-06

By fastening the chain to one Of the
large roots and bringing 1t across the
top of the stump, leverage can be
secured to take full advantage Of the
strength Of the horses.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1910-08-06

Selling Asparagus.
A good many asparagus growers
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1910-08-06

John w. Buszick, who pitched win
ming ball for the University of Illinois
team, has been signed by the Boston
Red Sox. Taylor also signed Pitcher
Mahoney of the Fordham college team
The Western news. [volume] (Stevensville, Mont.) 1890-1977, 1910-08-23
DEFINITE FORM IS GIVEN
LABOR DAY CELEBRATION
Days Activities Are Outlined at Meet
ing of Committees---E. y. N0Onan
Orator of the Day---Ball Game
for State Championship.

Definite form was given the big
Labor day celebration planned by the
Hamilton labor unions at meeting of
the subcommittee held last night In
the city hall. G.. b. Irvine presided and
T. ID. Greene acted as secretary.
The days activities will start with
a parade at 10 o'clock Each of the
locals will be represented in the pro-
cession and the business houses, fra
ternal organizations and others are
expected to participate.
Following the parade Attorney Ed
ward d. Noonan Of Hamilton will de-
liver the Grafton of the day
In the afternoon ball game be-
tween Hamilton and some fast state
team, possibly Dillon or Billings, will
meet in a game for what is advertised
to be the state championship of Mon
The Western news. [volume] (Stevensville, Mont.) 1890-1977, 1910-08-23
THE GOSPEL OF WORK.

Work has moral as we'll as an eco
nomic value; idleness corrodes the
character. When one is doing moth
ing the consciousness of the fact an
noys him, and he endeavors to find
some excuse; and as there is no reas-
enable excuse his vision becomes dis
torted by the effort to find even a
plausible explanation of his refusal
to render service to society. Carl
Hilty, the Swiss author, says that hap
piness is only possible when one is en-
gagged in some regular work which oc-
cupies this time, employs his mind and
satisfies his conscience, and no one
can doubt the truth of the statement.
God never intended man to be a drone
and man can not expect to enjoy life
or the respect of those whose respect
is worth having if he is not able to
show that his existence adds some
thing to the worlds activities, to the
worlds wealth, and the worlds well
fare.-Selected.