The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1910-03-24
SULPHUR, that is the total amount of
sulphur present in the coal.

First-A weighed amount of prepared
sample Oh coal is placed in an oven, heated
ana kept there one hour, during which
| time the moisture is driven off. The coal
| is then weighed and the loss in weight if
any is indicated as moisture.
Second-Another portion of prepared
sample of coal is weighed and placed in a
weighed platinum crucible,, which crucible
has closely fitting lid. This crucible with
the lid on is heated to red heat for
seven minutes, during which time the VIOLA
tile is driven off, the sample and crucibe
| are then cooled and weighed The loss in
weight is the moisture plus the volatile
| carbon deducting from this loss in weight
the moisture as determined above, the dif-
ference 1I,pI represents the volatile matter.
cribs classification is sometimes misunder-
| stood to mean only the bases in the coal
winch is not correct, as the free carbons
m m the coal pass off in this operation with
the hydrogen, nitrogen and oxygen.)
third-This same portion of coal after
the moisture and volatile matter have been
expelled lp Is heated in crucible with the
lid removed until no more combustible ma
terial remains. The crucible is then weigh
ed, the loss in weight represents the fixed
carbon carbon # therefore the coal is free from
tent may be figured as the percentage of
coke that may be obtained by carbonlzing
Fourth-From this last weight is deduct
ed weight Of the crucible. the difference
gives the weight Of the ash
rlfthrFer the determination of the sui
pie of the coal is weighed, and mixed with
sodium carbonate and magnesium oxide and
burned ,. to an ash. These chemicals retain
a ma ede hN IN condition readily est
ULTIMATE ANALYSIS
The ultimate analysis of coal means the
dissemination in.e MI OF the elements which enter
by burning the coal under suitable precau-
lions for catching and measuring the vari-
GUS products formed and from the weights
prrtv, 1tr
or each constituent is determined The
constituents are water, ash, sulphur hydro.
gen, carbon, ttotal free and tixed) oxygen,
..CALoKIFIC OR HEATING VALUE.
me determination of the calorifc or
heating value of coal is made by burning
in a strong closed vessel called a "bomb.
the latter being completely submerged in
water; The heat produced by the burn
and, the temperature Of the water before.
during and after the burning of the coal
Is then determined, the increase in temper
n noW Is Of con sur OF the heat producing
requiring complicated and expensive in,
struments. The thermometers used in this
operation 1bnta2 are usually standardized by the
University, using the hydrogen scale The
temperature OF the room in which this
operation is made must be carefully noted,
as it plays Il very important role in the
results. | presume that mono of your
readers are Interested in this OPERA
tlsn and will therefore not describe in de-
it's opera ton.
The saloriic value. 1.-The heating value,
OF 2, t., coal al is expressed in calores c or
is the amount of heat necessary to raise
one gram of water one degree Centigrade
The British Thermal Unit is the amount
Ud neat to raise one pound Of
or a coal for raising steam is not entirely
determined by the total amount of heat
units set free during combustion, but is
dependent largely upon other factors, the
chief OF which is, that in burning IL highly
bltum1nous coal there is a greater loss Of
neat due to a large part of the volatile
matter passing up the stack as smoke, or
coal less volatile carbon. To thoroughly
explain g this it must be remembered that
produce heat when coal is fired directly
under the boilers in it's raw state, and
ah n ARE are carbon s. hydrogen and sulphur,
Carbon 1920, Hydrogen $4,000, SULPHUR
5000 Now 1t requires 1-2 parts of oxy
gen to one , part hydrogen for proper com
Dustion. This does not mean air by veloc-
lty but rather in volumes. 1t requires 1-2
parts oxygen to one. of carbon for the prop.
er combustion of the fixed carbon in the
yoa will note that it is almost absolutely
impossible to regulate the draft to get
anything i1y ai near the value of coal out Of it
former edition that the mining company
have set their boilers very high from the
CRATE. and presume that the above condi-
again to fully appreciate the tremendous
loss in the consumption of COAL permit me
to cali your attention to the force exerted
R - per cent dynamite which
and the balance is nitrate of soda to fur
nish the oxygen in order to guarantee
pro asrrGsa of lon suphnr and
h n and all the air cut off from it, and
then set on fire. The sulphur igniting first
viii Immediately set off the other ingredi-
NOW let US examine the b. T. i. in sui
while 1aa wood wood has 1000 all low grades
the condition Of both the sulphur and
wood. is in minute or very small parts
thereby permitting easier combinations
trate; This Very proposition was found to
be the case with anthracite coal, t. e.,
that when anthracite coal was first d!scov.
Of mine shape. and the people Could ID not sa
consume it In that form, and therefore
hauled the entire shipment to the Falls
OF ot,1 schuylkll, a point north of Philadel-
phla, and dumped 1t on the turn pike, be-
Iieying 1t was only good for this purpose
Mhen wood became very high in price In
the tn city OF Philadelphia some one conclud-
possible in place Of wood They found this
entirely satisfactory. Anthracite has been
on the market ever since as a sized pro
duct. Rhode Island coal is somewhat SINH
Jar to anthracite. only higher In graphite
carbon, but means have been found within
the last year to consume that entire pro
Duct In mixture with other Goals and
as It Is located in very good market they
VIII lind It very profitable investment,
vile.
GAINESVILLE coal has over 10000 3. T. u.
ana runs very near & per cent in hydro
gen. This Is without any preparation and
while little high in sulphur, but they tell
me that this sulphur lays on the planes OF
the coal and not disseminated throughout
the coal. II this is true the large portion
of the sulphur can be gotten rid Of BY
screening the coal in tumbling way They
also inform the writer that your coal
makes beautiful coke, in peroslty, cellu-
lar construction and strength of cell walls
and silvery appearance. or course this
must have been done in the Bunsen burn
er when the analysis was made. From
the same we would say that the coal
would make "a per cent Of its weight in
coke 1000 Gu. IT. of gas and about 20
gallons OF tar per ton Of coal. You Will
therefore note that really GAINESVILLE
should be In position to furnish more
gas than Kansas City, st. Joseph and
Omaha could consume and warrant that
the standard of production will be better
In both quantity and quality than they are