davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1910-02-01

Fox, Margaret, How Christmas
Came to the Mulyanes. Tho Country
Christmas, Garrison. A Cadets Honor.
On Guard. West Point Rivals
Johnston, Annie +, Little 'colonel's
House Party. Little colonel's Maid OF
Honor, Little colonel's knight Came
Riding.
Kellogg. Frank r.. Four Boys on the
Mississippi
Hale. Edward f., The Man without
a Country. Ten Times One Is Ten.
Henty, G. A.. In the Heart OF the
Rockies. When London Burned
Long, Following the Deer.
Major, chas., Uncle Tom Andy Bill.
Mende. L. T.. Sweet Girl Graduate.
Metcaf, Susanne. World Of Girls
Molesworth, Two Little Friends In
Norway.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1910-02-01

Treasure Trove ON Bathing Beaches
Fishing for gold Is the latest pas
time indulged In by inhabitants of th
most fashionable bathing resorts D
the Baltic and North sea coasts Of Gel
many. Since the flood OF prospotit,
that has overwhelmed Germany diu
Ing the last decade. hundreds OF spiou
did watering places have sprung ul
like mushrooms on the shallow Ger
man water edge. which are freuuente
by the wealthiest and most fashion
able clientele Men and women VIII
60 bathing take but little care Of then
belongings, and the number
watches. bracelets, rings. earrings an,
other ornaments that are lost in tht
small tents. where bathing from the
seashore is In vogue. rs enormous. TIN
objects lost are speedily buried Isl
sand and when the visitors have gon
the gold fishermen come to look foi
lost treasures During the autumn me
tides wash the sand away, leaving ur
heavy gold objects exposed MANY
of these gold seekers earn more in
single day than they did for month
during the summer. and the dealer
who buy the treasure trove from tho
fishermen do 4 big trade.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1910-02-01
NON NeEp a cRuTcA.

When Editor J. p. sossman. OF Cor.
nelius n c., bruised his leg badly. Il
started and ugly sore Many salves
and ointments proved worthless Then
Bucklen's Arnica salye healed It thor
oughly. Nothing is SO prompt and sure
for ulcers. boils. burns, bruises. cuts.
corns, sores. pimples, eczema or piles.
25c at Brown & co.'s. D&w
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1910-02-01

Grover Osgood Eulalie. the overall
Boys, the sunbonnet Babies.
Altemus, Peter Rabbit.
Amy Prentice, Three Little Kittens,
Towser Dog Story Gray Goose story
Miekie Monkey story.
Seymour. Eaton, Travels and Adven.
tlres Of Teddy Bears. More About
Teddy p. and Teddy @.
Fiction.
Alcott, Little Women, Little Men,
JOS Boys, An Old.fashioned Girl, Jack
and jill. Under the Lilacs, Rose in
Bloom. Eight Cousins.
Alden. Mrs (Pansy) Aunt Hannah,
Marta and John. What They Couldn't
Aldrich, Story Of a Bad Boy.
Alger, Harry Walton. Risen from the
Ranks.
Burnett, Little Lord Fauntleroy.
Bonehill, Ralph, lost In the Land Of
Ice.
castlemon, Harry, The Camp in the
Foothills.
Dickens, The Chimes, illustrated
Finley. Martha, Elsie Dinsmore
Elsie at Roselands, EIsie's Mother
hood, Elsies Widowhood.
Fitch, Clark. Cruise OF the Training
Ship, From Port to Port
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1910-02-01
USED HAMMER ON 4 FAD.

Geo. Colbert, a negro, was arrested
this afternoon on charge Of assault and
battery on another negro. The batter
ing ram which he used was in the
shape Of large hammer which made
a lasting Impression on the other ne
gro's head. Both of the parties are
employed at the Chickasha Cotton Oil
Mill.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1910-02-01
seemingly wise Provision.

ITS a good thing says the PhlIoso.
pber OF Folly. that canvas costs more
than paper. Otherwise there would
be as many rank painters as there
are putrid poets"
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1910-02-01

Clarence G. Johnson, superintendent
for the Chickasha Light, Heat & Power
Company, returned yesterday from a
visit in Lincoln, Neb., his old home.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1910-12-10

mouth purchased in Kentucky the ia
nous Jersey bull "Noble Peer" for
$4,000 which is the highest price ever
paid for a bull brought into this
state. "Noble Peer" is one of the best
Jersey bulls in the United States.
Ross Nelson, another well known
Monmouth cattle grower, has Just re-
ceived consignment of fifteen Jer-
sey heifers which were shipped to him
direct from the Jersey Islands and
for which he paid a very high price.
Still another stockman who Is Inn
proving his Jersey herds is Harry
West of Scappoose who has just had
fifteen head of Jerseys landed in New
York from the Jersey Islands and they
are on their way now across the con-
tinent to the West farm at Scappoose.
DIR. j. w. elise of Seattle is inter-
ested in thoroughbred Ayrshires and
just recently purchased peter Pam"
considered as one Of the best Ayrshire
bulls ever raised in Scotland. The
animal u now on its way to the Pa
cific coast and will be kept by DR..
elise.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1910-12-10
POULTRY SHOW WILL OPEN IN
ARMORY TUESDAY AFTERNOON

present with a large exhibit of Colum-
ban Plymouth Rocks.
A. E. Hascan OF Pilot Rock, will
also be here with a trio OF Mottlsd
Anconss This bred is entirely new
to Umatilla county breeders.
All those who attended the meeting
OF knights Templar last night are
loud in their praises OF Director T R
Barks who will have charge Of the
United Orchestra during the show and
will direct each OF the evening cor
certs
Mrs. Barks, the violinist, also Great
ed profound impression last evening
and elected for herself many favor
able comments from the judicial crit
les present.
The rehearsals are progressing
most satisfactorily and Il Is now ap-
parent that the evening concerts viii
be the most enjoyable series or or
chestra concerts ever given In this
city. Chairs will be provided for the
audience this year and there will be
enough heat so those who wish TO alt
and listen to the music will be com
Portable. The next rehearsal will be
held tomorrow afternoon at 8 O'Clock
In the armory hall.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1910-12-10
COUNTING VOTE
ON STRIKE ISSUE
REPORTED THAT ENGINEERS
WILL TIE UP RAILROADS
Believed That Refusal of Western
Roads TO Grant Increase of Fifteen
Per Cent i'm Wages VIII Result i'm
Tieing Up of Many Western Lines.

Chicago, Ill, Dec. 10.-The count
of the votes on the strike question by
the engineers of sixty-one western
railroads, unless a wage increase is
granted, was started today by the Of
ficials of the Brotherhood Of Railroad
Engineers gathered here. The count
ing is under way at the Great
Northern Hotel.
While the ballot was taken secret
ly it is believed the engineers voted to
strike. 1t is intimated that the
votes may not be all counted before
representatives of engineers meet the
general managers of the railroads
Monday to negotiate for the fifteen
per cent increase in wages. 1t is
probable the negotiotions will take
much time.
The engineers representative in
timated that they will use every per-
suasion possible before orders are
given the men to strike.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1910-12-10

Everything is now in readiness for
the opening Of the big poultry show
in the armory building on Court street
next Tuesday afternoon at 3 o'clock.
Entries are now being received by the
secretary and the birds will be re-
ceived up until noon Monday Some
may come Monday afternoon and
evening but the management must be
notified to that effect before hand or
they will not be received. This ac-
ton is necessary in order that there
will be no delay In the opening.
Entries were received this morn
ing from as far east as Cove. oregon,
and as far north as winona, WASH
ington.
Among the entries already made is
an exhibit OF white crested black
Polich. These very striking looking
birds have never been seen in Pendle-
ton before and will therefore be view
ed with interest by the hundreds of
visitors at the show. These came
from Freewater.
Another new bird which will be
seen at this show Is the Black Java.
which is to be exhibited by Earl Will
llams Of Milton, who will again be
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1910-12-10

Washington, d. c., Dec. 10.-The
population OF the United States Is
s1.s72,2se. The population OF the
country, including the territorial pos
sessions, is 93.402.152. The census
OF Washington state Is 1,141.999.
The country's increase is 15,97769
or 81 per cent. The increase, includ-
ing territorial possessions, is 1915
b21, or 209 per cent.
Washlngton's increase Is 623.sS7, or
100. per cent. Under the present ap-
portionment this means three more
congressman. So
Wisconsin has 2,333.S60 people, an
increase Of 1921 per cent.
Georgia has 2.609,121, an Increase
OF III per cent. Each Is entitled to
another congressman.
The population OF Alaska is 64,356,
an increase OF 72i, or 1.2 per cent.
Hawaii has 100 los. an increase of
37,90S.
The military and naval population
OF the United States is 55,60S
New York state has the greatest
population. Washington stands thir-
teenth, oregon thirty-sixth, Montana,
forty-first and Idaho. forty-sixth.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1910-12-10
REVOLT IN BRAZIL
BROUGHT TO END
NAVAL BARRACKS ARE
BONIBARDED FIVE HOURS
Mutinccrs Make Unconditional Sur
rcndcr-Greatest Excitement Pre-
walls I'm Rio Jancfro-Entire Gar
rIson Placed Under Arrest-Lead-
crs to BE Executed.

Rio Janeiro. Dec. 10-A five
hours bombardment Of the naval bar
racks at Combra Island by loyal Bra
lillian ships and shore batteries in
Rio Janeiro harbor today ended the
second revolt in the Brazilian navy.
At noon the mutineers surrendered.
The greatest excitement prevailed.
Thousands of citizens lined the shores
and watched the bombardment.
The red flag OF the mutineers
hoisted yesterday was shot down
twice.
The surrender was unconditional.
The entire garrison was arrested. It
is probable that the ringleaders will
be executed.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1910-12-10
F CHIT BEGUN FOR
PORTER CHARLTON

Trenton, n. j., Dec. 10.-The fight
to prevent the extradition of Porter
Charlton to Italy where he is wanted
to face a charge of numbering his
wife, Mary Scott Charlton has only
begun, according to r. Floyd Clark,
Charlton's chief counsel.
Secretary Knox's decision that
Charlton can be extradited is not fl
nal, says Clark. He claims the trea-
ty with Italy Is void in this respect
because Italy refused to return to
America some prisoners wanted here.
Clark says he will carry the case
to the supreme court. Habeas cor
pus proceedings will likewise be ta-
ken in the circuit court to prevent eX
tradition.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1910-12-10
OREGON CATTLE BREEDERS ARE
INTRODUCING FLOODED STOCK

That cattle breeders in Oregon and
the northwest are becoming more and
more awake to the advantage to be
derived from high standard stock is
evident by the new blood which is
being infused into the industry by the
importation of thoroughbred bulls
and heifers by men prominent in the
stockraising business.
That this state is not backward In
producing shorthorns OF the highest
grade was testified to by the remark
able record made by the exhibit of
W. o. Minor, the Heppner stockman.
at the recent livestock show in Chi
cago. Not only did his entries carry
off their proportion OF the prizes, but
they were sold afterwards for excep-
tionaly high prices.
Breeders of Jerseys are progressive
also. According to DR.. 8. w. Mcclure,
northwest chief of the federal bureau
Of animal industry who has his head
quarters In this city. much new stock
II being shipped into the state. Re-
Gently. he says. J. B. Stump Of Mon
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1910-12-10
Cuban Bill for a New Railway.

Minister John B. Jackson of Ha-
vana, reports that on November 9,
1910. bills were read for the first
time in the chamber of representa-
tives in Cuba and referred to the ap-
propriate committee authorizing the
president Of the republic to contract
for the construction of a railway in
Sancti Spiritus to connect the Ferro-
carril del Vale with the Ferro-carril
de Cuba and of one from Holguin to
join the branch line of the Cuba COM
pany (Ferro-carril de Cuba )from Al
to Cedro to Antilla, at a place known
as Delicias.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1910-12-10
PACIFIC COAST GETS
COIN FOR IMPROVEMENTS

Washington, d. c.. Dec. 10.-The
house this afternoon passed the riv-
ers and harbors appropriation bill
carrying 100000. The debate was
brief and only one amendment was
adopted.
The house then adjourned till Mon
day. The Pacific coast will benefit.
The Columbia river gets coin for i'm
provements, also Grays Harbor.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1910-12-10
Hnbcas Cornns Started.

Trenton. n. j., Dec. 10.-The
fight to prevent the extradltion of
Porter Charlton to Italy to face there
the charge of numbering his wife at
Lake Como, began today when
Charlton's father through his attor
neys asked for a writ OF habeas cor
pus for the release and a writ Of
certiorari. JudgeJohn L. Relstab
granted both and set the hearing
for December 10. This follows the ac-
ton OF Secretary Knox who granted
the extradition.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1910-12-10
Third Annual Convention OF
UmatiIId County School
Boards Most Successful.
MORE THAN ONE HUNDRED
DIRECTORS IN ATTENDANCE
Problems Confronting School Districts
of County Being Discussed-Many
Questions Asked and Answered
State Superintendent AclSerman and
Superintendent Robinson of Multi
noma County Among Principal
Speakers.

With one hundred and eight di-
rectors and fifteen visitors in attend
ance at the morning session and more
arriving every hour to be present this
afternoon, the third annual conven-
ton of the Umatilla County School
Boards was convened today in the
circuit court room at the court house.
These annual gatherings are arrang-
ed on mutual benefit basis and will
eventually become a leading factor in
the solution of all the problems which
confront school authorities.
While much of the time at both
sessions today was consumed by ad-
dresses and musical selections, con-
siderable time was devoted to a free
discussion and the asking and ans
wering of questions from which 1t
was manifest that great interest pre-
vailed among the directors.
County superintendent Frank X.
Welles opened the meeting with a
short talk after which the Pendleton
male quartet rendered a selection.
Superintendent X. f. Robinson of
Multnomah county was the first
speaker and he discussed in detail the
qualifications of an efficient membe
of a school board, stating that such
a man should be ready at all times to
listen to the complaints from the par
ents Of his district, should give such
complaints thorough consideration
and should be capable of reasoning
with unreasonable people. Further,
L. tat, .
least once a month AMI should invite
the teachers and public to such meet
ing.
state superintendent Ackerman,
who delivered the only other address
this morning preached the doctrine of
sanitation and health in schools. Pure
water, pure air, and chastity in out
buildings were the three things he
was insistent upon as necessary in
each school for securing the physi-
cal, mental and moral health and de-
velopment of children.
Another selection by the quartet
and humorous reading by Principal
]. w. L. Kaufman of lone, both of
which were greatly appreciated, COM
pleted the program at the morning
session.
Afternoon Session.
Both Robinson and Ackerman were
again the principal speakers this af
ternoon, Robinson speaking along the
line taken up by the state superintend.
ent in the morning, that is on the
question of the physical environment
OF the school. At the conclusion of
his address he devoted considerable
time to the answering of questions
put by the directors.
Superintendent Ackerman took as
the theme Of his address this after
noon the more efficient supervision
OF I'd and Sd class schools, pointing
out the advantages to be gained by
such a method. "If supervision over
city teachers is good, then supervis-
ion over country teachers is better"
he stated, "and that is a task the ed
ucational authorities OF this state must
assume"
Two selections by the quartet and
another reading by Principal Kauf-
man concluded the session, and ad-
journment was taken shortly after
four o'clock.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1910-12-10
AGEBI VINE USED IN
BASKET AND CHAIR MAKING

Consul-General Thomas Sammons
of Yokohama, transmits an illustrated
catalogue, which is on file in the Bu-
reau of Manufactures, of the various
fancy and useful articles, such as
baskets, chairs, valises, ETC., made of
the akebi vine of Japan, and which
are now being exported from that
Kingdom, 14,034 pieces, valued at s2,-
$50, having been sent to the United
States in 1909. The vine produces
a fruit which is considered wholesome
and palatable.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1910-12-10
Foreign Commerce of Belgium.

Vice-Consul- General Gregory Phe-
Ian Of Brussels, furnishes the follow
ing statistics covering the special
commerce OF Belgium for the nine
months ended September 80. 1910,
as compared with that for the cor
responding months of 1909: Imports,
2,440,400. an increase OF $52,77S,-
1888; exports. s404,611,7e2, an in
crease of 32S.s22.0s3. Navigation re-
turns: Arrivals, 11.305,066 tons, an
increase of 5S3,s29 tons; clearances,
11.2ss.53s tons. an increase Of $751;
407 tons
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1910-12-10
SH|PWhLvn NCT|MS
RESCUED IN TIME

Oswego, Dec. 10.-After two days
OF terrible exposure to wintry blasts
and hunger two women and twenty
men were taken off the lake steamer
Sharpless near Galloup Island today.
The steamer is going to pieces on the
rocks near the island.
She struck Thursday during a storm.
All the lifeboats save one were
crushed. In this one about half the
crew succeeded in reaching Galloup
light house. The rescuers arrived
just in time to save the wrecked vic
Tins.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1910-12-10
EXPOSITION OF INvEN.
TIONS AT ST. LOUIS

1t Is announced that an Information
al Exposition of Inventions will be
held in ST. Louis, Mo-, during the
week of April 10, 1911. The object
Is the demonstration and promotion
of patented machines, appliances, de-
Vices, tools. and processes of every
character. The manager is William
Keane Small. the British proconsul
at st. Louis. 511 New Bank OF Com
merce Building.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1910-12-10

Fernie. B G. Dec. 12.-Twenty
bodies were recovered and eighteen
miners rescued alive though some are
fatally injured, today at the Bellevue
coal mine near Frank, Alberta. Sew
en- men are still in the workings.
These are believed TO be alive,
An explosion Of gas occurred last
night
Rescuers are clearing the shafts,
Nurses and doctors worked all night
over the injured. Mostly Slavs and
Italians We're employed.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1910-12-10
MISSING STEAMER MAY
HAVE BEEN WRECKED

New York, N. Y, Dec. 10.--Ship-
ping men here today were notified 20
be on the lookout for the steamer
Arcadia. Leaving New Orleans Oc-
tober II for San Juan, Porto Rico,
she II still missing. It Is feared the
vessel was wrecked or sunk. She
carried four passengers and a crew
Of thirty-seven men.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1910-12-10
SEATTLE EXPOSITION WAS
GOOD MONEY MAKER

Seattle. Wash. Dec. 10.-The d.
rectors of the Alaska Yukon expo
sition today announced that a dividend,
amounting to 100000 is ready for dis
tribution among the stockholders. Be-
sides this dividend the exposition left
million dollars worth of improve
ments for the University of WASH
ington.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1910-12-10
HEREAFTER KISSES WILL
COST HIM LESS MONEY

Archibald Tiderington of walla
Walla. from whom Miss Elsie Van
Zante of Spokane, recently recovered
$500 for two kisses in the local su-
perior court, was married Wednesday
night to Ethel McMannis, daughter
of Andrew McMannis of walla walla.
Rev. Mr.. Clingan performed the cere-
mony.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1910-12-10
SMALLEST REPUBLIC
IN THE WORLD FOUNDED

London. Dec. 10.-Unconfirmed re-
ports of a rebellion In the Principally
OF Monaco and the proclaiming of a
republic by rebels was printed today
In the Pail Mall Gazette. The dis
patches say the Prince OF Monaso has
been deposed and that municipal
council is now directing affairs. II
true. Monaco is the smallest republic
in the world.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1910-12-10
Twenty-Five Known Dead.

Vancouver, B. c., Dec. 10.-Re-
ports this afternoon from Frank,
say there are twenty-five known
dead with probabilities that several
more miners are dead inside the
mine Bellevue. Twenty-one bodies
have been recovered The rescue
party was overcome this morning but
was rescued. 1t is believed all will
live but one.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1910-12-10
JAS. GALLAGHER MAY
BE DECLARED INSANE

Jersey City, N. j., Dec. 10.-James
Gallagher who shot Mayor Gaynor
may never come to trial for the crime.
Physicians observing the man say his
movements indicate he is demented.
He will probably be sent to an asy-
lum.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1910-12-10

Attorney Dan p. Smythe left this
afternoon for Portland to make some
arrangements for the coming conven-
ton Of the Oregon Wool Growers
association and also to transact legal
business.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1910-12-10
CENSUS IS
COMPLETED
Population of United States is
Nearly Exactly Ninety two
Millions.
TERRITORIAL POSSESSIONS
CONTAIN MILLION MORE

Total Census I:cturns Show Country's
Gain Is 100000, or 81 Per Cent
State OF Washington Shows In
crease OF 100 Per Cent and Gains
Three New CongressmcD-Orego
Is Thirty-Sixt State I'm Union.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1910-12-10

, Washington, d. c., Dec. 10.
, The grand total population OF
, the United States, its territori-
, es and possessions is 101,000,-
, 900. This includes all posses
, sions. The population of Mon
, tana is S76,o53 an increase Of
>.137.724 or 54.4 per cent.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1910-12-10

Merle r. Chessman was called to
Portland this afternoon by the sud
den death Of his brothers wife, Mrs.
v. G.. Chessman, in that city.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1910-12-10

The difference between a dirgible
and non-dirgible is tnat the former
at least makes a bluff at answering its
helm!
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1910-12-10
Cuba Has Earthquake.

Havana. Cuba. Dec. 10.-Small
damage Is reported as the result
of an earthquake last night which
shook things in this vicinity.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1910-12-10
I twenty-five:
ARE KILLED
Gas Explosion in British CO.
lumbia Coal Mine Results
DIsaStrOusly,
TOWN OF FRANK Is SCENE
OF LATEST NINE HORROR

Twenty Bodies Recovered and Eight
teen Miners Rescued Alive-Seven
MenSt i'll in Workings Believed
Aliye-Nurses and Doctors Work
All Night Over Injured-Most OF
Those Killed Are Italians and
Slays.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1910-12-10
TORNADO KILLS
MANY IN SPAIN

Cerebere, Spain, Dec. TO-
Many are reported to have been
killed by a tornado that swept
northern Spain early today. Six
fishing vessels sank In Corunna
harbor, several OF their crew
being drowned. Bilboa and
Seuelle suffered severely. al
though none were killed in the
cities.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1910-12-10

Chickenpox in Public School.
White Salmon. Wash.-Chicken
pox has broken out in the public
schools here and a temporary shut
down may be necessary.