The Evening standard. [volume] (Ogden City, Utah) 1910-1913, 1910-10-01

THE VALUE of good roads is often not
| appreciated by the farmers much
as il should be. OF course the burden OF
making the better roads falls directly on
thcm which is another side to the problem
The average cost OF hauling a ton one milo
on the ordinary country roads is Is cents
while the average price OF hauling one ton
one mile on the railroads Is three quarters
OF ] cent. In other words. the cost of haul
ing Is thirty three times as much with team
and wagon as with steam. This has been
accomplished by number Of factors. Some
of these can be and must he considered In
making good roads. that ls to have a good
hard road bed and to eliminate grades The
railroads do not a rule have grade OF
more than per cent: some OF them have
adopted per cent as the maximum grade
Two per cent would mean rise OF two feet
in 100 feet This would not be considered
much OF grade on the ordinary road. but
this Is the way it works out:
a team can exert pull Of a short dis
tancc OF one-half its weight. but for ordl-
nary work the load it can pull should not be
over one tenth the weight Of the team. For
instance, team weighing 5000 pounds can
exert a pull of 500 pounds-that Is. when it
is to continue the work for. say. ten hours
while for a small stretch 1t would be able to
exert a pull of 500 pounds. This, however
Is putting forth all the energy OF which they
arc capable. 1t has also been found that the
pull required to take q ton over the ordinary
roads Is 160 pounds. SupposinG. then that
the load is one ton and the wagon weighs
1900 pounds; this would make total OF $500
pounds and at the rate of $50 pounds per ton
would make a total OF 264 pounds-a little
less than the team is capable OF hauling In
fact. it could very nicely handle 800 pounds
more which would bring the pull up = 500
pounds. and making the load $500 pounds
This, however is for the level AS grade
Is approached this. OF course VIII be in
creased a per cent grade would increase
the draft OF the wagon and load of 1900
pounds by 315 pounds bringing IL up to $40
pounds, which is almost twice what the team
can handle as q regular thing. II the grade
is increased 10 20 per cent. or twenty feet In
a hundred feet. the draft on this same load
would come to Il llttle over 1000 pounds. or
the maximum that this team could pull when
cxcrting its utmost power. Any grade be-
vond this would mean that the load would
have to be reduced. and in fact no team
should be required TO have to pull to it's
maximum capacity From this then 1t Is
evident that increasing the grade increases
the draft very fast. and hence grades should
be eliminated as far as II is possible.
on a macadam road team can pull Ihree
times as much on the level as on a good
earth road, but tho increase in draft up
grade remains the same on the earth road.
40 that a grade would be more Objectionable
on Il macadam road than on poor road. ON
the level a 3000-pound team could easily
handle four tons while the maximum grade
that 1t could pull up with such a load would
be 10 per cent grade and even that is more
than should be expected from the team.
There is a very marked tendency In tho
west of running roads on tho section lines
This is good where the land Is level. but