The citizen. (Honesdale, Pa.) 1908-1914, 1910-04-01
nlng through several aeasons.


ming through several seasons
when a Scale insect fixes upon
clean fruit It is doomed, as it can
never free itself again Thus the
laws OF Oregon and Germany, de-
manding the destruction of infested
fruits, are unjust both to shippers
and consumers, and are based upon
Ignorance of the facts of the case.
when Coccids are first hatched
or born they are in their most deli
cate condition and then most easily
injured or killed by insecticides
Since they are sucking insects and
do not eat or chew the tissue of the
plant, they must be killed only by
contact insecticides. Internal pois-
ons, such as Paris Green, would not
affect them, because these do not
kill insects that do not swallow the
parts of the plant to which they are
applied The Bordeaux Mixture is
not an insecticide but a fungicide,
and is consequently not to be recon-
mended for insects of any kind. For
young Coccids of all species the
contact insecticides will be found
very useful and can be used SO mild
or dilute that the host plant will
not be injured by the application of
the same. While the insects are
young and in their free-moving
stage they are not yet covered by
their waxy waterproof protecting
coats, and are consequently to be
killed by such dilute substances as
Whale Oil Soap, one pound in six
gallons of water, or Soft Soap, one
pound in four gallons of water, or
Ivory or common Laundry Soap, one
pound dissolved in three or four
gallons of water, or Kerosene Emul-
sion, about eight per cent. or Tobac-
co Decoction, one pound in two gal
Ions of water, or more or less mild
fumigation with Tobacco Smoke,
Sulphur Fumes, Hydrocyanic Acid
Gas or Carbon Bisulfid. While the
insects are young and delicate these
substances can be used in such mild
proportions that the growing plants
upon which they occur will not be
injured, but after the pests become
mature they are protected by their
waxy, woolly or scale-like water
proof covering, are not to be killed
by any contact insecticide that will
not at the same time seriously in
jure or destroy the green leaves
of the plants upon which they oc-
cur. This explains why young Scale
Insects and Plant Lice can be killed
by the application of mild insecti-
cides during the summer time with
out injury to the plant, but for the
adult or fixed Scale insects the
sprayer must necessarily wait until
the dormant period of the plants,
and then treat the pests by spraying
or washing thoroughly with some
strong contact insecticide that will
kill it but not injure the tree or
plant upon which it is to be found. :
THE home of the San Jose Scale
is in China and is the most alarm
ing. 1t was taken to Japan and
then to California. There is not a
township in this State that hasn't
got it. 1t can't be treated success
fully in summer time.
The lime and flower of sulphur
treatment is recommended by the
! State. The Bordeaux Mixture and
Paris Green will not kill it. DO not
use salt in spraying 1t is hard on
the apparatus.
The remedy | am now mixing
to kill Scale consists of II pounds
of sulphur and % pounds of lime,
to which | add so gallons of water.
/ This will be boiled As minutes. II
will pay to spray with Lime and
/ Sulphur even if you have no scale
in the orchard There's no danger
of getting too much on a tree