The evening times. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1906-1914, 1910-11-21

the invasion of Russia by Napoleon in
1872, is regarded in Russia as being
his masterpiece. though his Anna
karenina," which appeared in 1876
and "the Cossacks" found greater ia
vor abroad, where his "kretuzer
Sonata" translations of which were
published in 1890, also attracted wide
attention.
TOlstoi wrote much on education
and published number of short sto-
ries and "reminiscences of childhood
and youth. hut of recent years he had
devoted himself to religious teaching.
He made Return not Evil the key
stone OF the Christian faith, and in
sisted that the literal Interpretation
of the sermon on the mount was the
only rule of the Christian life. The
religious views of Tolstoi were set
forth in mis- "Christ's Christianity"
and My Religion"
During 1893 Tolstoi wrote THE
Kingdom of God Within U.s. an im-
portant work on the social question,
and in 1895 he wrote THE Four Cos
pels HarmoniZeh and Translated"
His other works included My Con-
fession." Criticisms of Dogmatical
Christianity" What / Believe: What
is to be Done" THE Death of Ivan
Ilyitch," THE Power of Darkness"
"a drama). "On Life" The Fruits of
Enlightenment ia comedy, The
Kingdom of God is Within YOU"
What is Art?" The Christian Teach
ing" THE Resurrection" 1.-The Slav-
cry of Our Times" What is Relig-
ion," and many other works on the
most varied subjects.
\ Was ExcOMmuEicated.
i In 1901 Tolstoi was cXcommunicat-
ed by the holy synod and in October.
1902, he deposited his memoirs and
y diaries with the curator of the RUIZ
yanzoff museum on the condition that
they should not be published until ten
years after his death, and in Novem-
ber of the same year he legally made
over his whole fortune, including his
real and personal estate, to his wife
and children.
/ In 1895 Tolstoi wrote a powerful
vindlcation Of the Dullhobor sect,
which during that year had suffered
professions. On the Russian censor
l IcluSlHS " pea ullL us nuULlSpl4O1 JoA0
stoi applied to the London Times,
which printed the lengthy article in
full. He continued from that time on
to address his literary efforts to the
British press. On March II, 1896. the
London Daily Chronicle published a
long letter from Tolstoi to cores
pondent concerning the Venezuelan
dispute, which had recently arisen be-
tween the United States and Great
Britain. 1t was a strong indictment
of war.
Tolstoi was several times threaten
ed with expulsion from Russia and
was several times upon the point OF
being exiled; but he seemed on the
whole to have been treated with un-
usual leniency in view OF his strongly
pronounced views. especially as set
. forth in manifesto entitled "Tha
Peoples Rights" his criticisms of i'm
perial acts and his open letters to the
!, emperor. He was, however. expelled
from Moscow in July. 1901, and had
since resided at Yasnaya Poliana. His
health at that time was poor and for
period his life was in danger. but
, he regained his strength and resum-
ed work. Later he suffered relapse
and in February. 1902, was reported
to be dying Once more he rallied
and in June his recovery was pro-
nounced complete.
In July, 1904, Tolstoi wrote strong
article denouncing the Russo-Japan-
ese war, which caused the seizure of
the Novosti, Of St. Petersburg. which
published 1t, and a'revival of the re-
,, ports of the governments intention to
take severe action against the author.
In January, 1905, Tolstoi published
an open letter to the emperor regard
; ing the internal conditions in Russia,
!. which was printed throughout the
world, and some time later he COM
pleted his drama. Behind the Scenes
Of War;" the production Of which was
> prohibited in St. Petersburg.
The Land Question.
The London Times. Sept. l. 1905,
published a seven column article by
Tolstoi entitled "a Great 1nquity,
dealing with the land question. The
article was largely devoted to the
theories of the late Henry George and
declared that the land question had
reached a state Of ripeness such as
fifty years ago was reached by the
question Of serfdom.
. In 1907 he wrote a letter to Paul
Sabatier of Paris, as reply to the
latter's book on the disestablishment
I of the church in France. In this
I communication the Russian writer
). predicted the possible reduction of all
3 the Christian countries Of the west to
state of vassalage to the japanese
and other oriental people, basing his
prediction on the ground that it is
only in the orient that religion and
D patriotism are synonymous.
On the occasion of Tolstoi's eigh-
: tieth birthday extensive celebrations
. were held. although they were strong
ly disapproved by the Russian gov
y ernment and were made the subject OF
: an appeal by the holy synod to all
believers to abstain from participa-
ton.
J. Several of the publishers of Toll
stoi's works have been sent to prison
, OF these M. Selden was sentenced to
: term of six months in 1909 for pub