Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-07-20

Without Question. dates for mar
lament Therefore it has not been nee
essary to take extraordinary means to
control the people. The candidates are
selected by group Of men higher up,
the constituency accepts the choice with
out question, even when the proposed
candidate never has so much as visited
the constituency. Give either American
party q system so simple and lot OF
voters SO tractable and there will be no
need for bosses and rings and machines
in the United States.
The conservative party technically is
made up of two principal groups, the con-
lists. The party as whole is called the
tory by its enemies, and for the most
part is referred to as the unionist party
by its friends. The name conservative Is
gradually dropping out of use in Eng
land. The conversatives proper are the
old-line tories. and the liberal unionists
in the beginning were those liberals. such
as Mr.. Chamberlain, who bolted the liberal
party because of Mr.. Gladstone's ad-
vocacy of Irish home rule. Those boiling
willing to give up their old party name,
SO they added to it the word ''unionist"
to signify their loyalty to the union be-
tween Great Britain and Ireland. Be
cause of the more conciliatory sound Of
the word "unionist,'' many tories of the
old-line type adopted the new name. But
in actual practice. at the present time,
while there is distinction between con-
servatives and liberal unionists, there is
no difference. Only one of the London
newspapers consistently indicates the
division.
The party organization is controlled
entirely by the. leading men Of the conserv-
alive faith In the two
Conservatives houses OF parliament,
| n.a.i just as the political
=. III oVAeAoi' machinery in the United
States before the advent of. Andrew
Jackcon was controlled by the party lead
ers in Congress. The conservative party
has no definite authoritative general or
ganization. 1t does its work through 1.-The
national union of conservative and con-
stitutional associations assisted by the
Chamberlain's Tariff Reform League.
The work of these organizations is con-
fined practically to what is known In
America as publicity and speakers bureau
of appointments for speakers, furnishes
political statements to the press and acts
as the literary bureau for the tory
party.
The American custom of sending out
hundreds of thousands of dollars worth
of printed matter at the expense OF the
party committee, often under the frank
of some obliging member Of Congress,
would shock a British party worker to
death. Literature of all kinds, including
posters. leaflets. pamphlets and books, is
used in Great Britain on a scale never
dreamed of in the United States. But the
queerest and oldest feature of the bust
ness is, in the estimation of an Ameri-
can. that the national union not only
does not furnish this literature free, but
charges enough for it to make an actual
profit above all campaign expenses. The
candidates in the various constituencies
and the people buy leaflets and posters
and pamphlets from the national union.
During the last campaign the national
union sold such a great quantity of
literature that. at a small profit. it clear
ed a sufficient sum to pay all of the ex-
penses of maintaining headquarters, Of
clerk hire, of postage and the like. and