The Idaho Springs siftings-news., 1910-04-23

Lancashire in the eighteenth
century is one of the great
epics of industry, the history
of Its amazing growth and the
romance with which 1t is colored gain
in interest and conciseness when mar
rated, as it may be, in the record Of
one firm, which had its beginnings in
the spare corner of a quarryman's
shed over century and a quarter ago
and today can claim to be the largest
manufacturer of long cloths and cali.
Goes in the world.
In the early days of the cotton in
dustry. almost every Lancashire cot
tage was a factory. The head OF the
family purchased raw cotton. his wife
and daughters carded and spun 1t into
yarn and he himself and son wove 1t
into calico for sale to merchant.
Even the inventions of the flying
shuttle by John Kay. of the spinning
Jenny by James Hargreaves. Of the
spinning water frame by Richard Ark
wright and later OF the spinning mule
by Crompton scarcely affected this do
mestic manufacture of cotton. Thus.
though John Horrocks. one of the 18
children Of q small quarry owner at
Edgeworth. near Bolton. was his IA
Tiers assistant in hewing and polish.
ing millstones for grinding corn. he
set up a spinning frame in a corner
of the stone mason's shed and devoted
his spare time to spinning cotton.
His yarn was Of such high quality that
he secured ready sale for it, and.
buying more spinning frames, he set
his numerous sisters to the same
work Then came the time when, in
selling his yarn to a weaver, SO vio-
lent a quarrel arose over its price
weaving as well as the spinning of
cotton.
In January, 1891, John Horrocks.
then only % years old. established
himself as a cotton manufacturer in
Preston. He bought and carded the
cotton himself; it was spun for him
by employees in their own homes and
he similarly gave out this yarn to
be woven into calicoes and long cloths.
Within 12 months he built premises
which still stand as part OF the now
immense factories of Horrockses,
Crewdson G Co. In less than ten
years John Horrocks had extended his
business to seven mills. Only 13
years elapsed between the time when
he laid down the stone mason's ham,
mer and his death, at the age Of 36,
as great cotton manufacturer, as
Nj. P. for Preston and leaving a for
tune Of 4150,OO0.
It. is such a career as that which
! invests the early development Of the
cotton trade with the atmosphere OF
romance But SO well and truly had
John Horrocks laid the foundation
stones and built up the business that
its subsequent history has been one
Of steadily increasing expansion. By
absorption and amalgamation it Is to
day the firm of Horrockses, Crewdson
& Co., Ltd, of which Sir Frank Hol.
Inns is chairman, with mills In Pres.
ton and Bolton and warehouses in
Manchester and London. The extent
Of the business may be gathered from
the fact that 5000 work people are
engaged in it's mills, that its looms ex'
ceed 5000 and its spindles number
nearly a quarter of million. The
weekly output averages $4,000 pieces
of cotton fabrics in almost infinite va.
rieties and makes. Chief among these
are long cloths and calicoes which
have made the name of Horrockses
Crewdson & Co. familiar the world
over. the sheetings, flannelettes. fine
cambrics and fancy cotton fabrics. Al.
lowing for the holidays. the annual
output of the firm is 1,450,000 pieces
and as each averages 40 yards in
length the annual production amounts
to over 10000 miles. The mills at
Preston cover more than so acres and
one weaving shed alone contains 1000
looms.
In striking contrast with the roar Of
actual manufacture is the stiffness Of
the FIRMS great warehouse In Man.
chester, where the bales OF fabric are
received from the mills. examined.
stamped, packed and dispatched to all
parts Of the world. 1t is interesting
\ to note here the firms adaptability TO