davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1910-12-16
CUTTING DOWN EXPENDITURE
Report Of Secretary Of Treasury
Shows Estimates of $63O,4e4,o13.

Washington, D. C. - That Uncle
Sam is going to try to reduce his cost
of living expenses is shown by the an
nual report Of Secretary of the Treas
ury MacVeagh, which was made pub
lie here. Concerning the estimates
for the executive departments the re-.
port says:
"The total ordinary estimates for
1912-the fiscal year beginning July 1,
1911-are $630,494,O13.12. The esti-
mate for the Panama canal is $50, $780,
S4769, making the grand total $685.
414,S60.S1. The total appropriations
for 1911-that is for current year.
were S721,313, 9004S. The estimates
for next year now submitted are,
therefore, $33,899, O39.67 less than the
appropriations for this year. The
decrease of $21,O00,0OO in the esti-
mates for rivers and harbors and the
reduction in the interior department
of $2O,000,O00, due to the appropria-
ton last year of that amount for an
issue of bonds for reclamation pro.
jects, have been Offset in part by an
increase of $19,000,000 in the Panama
canal estimate and 5000 900 to meet
the requirements Of public building
legislation. 1t leaves, therefore, over
$18,00O,0O0 of savings in the executive
departments proper, as compared
with the appropriations for the cur.
rent year.
THE ordinary appropriations fol
1910 were $693,313,166-4O; those fol
1911 were $6s3,45S,90 The esti
mates now submitted for 1912 are
$3.50, 494 ,O13.12."
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1910-12-16
MAIL CARS Of STEEL j II
ALL TRAINS AFFECTED ~ POST.
MASTER GENERALS ORDER.
Local Railroad Men Declare the Tims
Too Short to Build New
Steel Cars.


mail cars operated in front Of steel
car or that do not come up to certain
set Of rigid specifications will be paid
Cor by the United, States government
after next July 1, according to orders
received by officials of Minneapolis
railroads. The information comes d.
rectly from the office of Postmaster
General Hitchcock, at Washington.
Mr.. Hitchcock bases his authority
for taking this rigid action on an act
of congress passed some so years ago.
This law gives the head of the post
office department authority to decide
whether mail cars are sound and to
refuse pay for all that are not up to a
certain standard to be laid down by
his office.
Local officials state that this will
mean throwing more than 500 apart.
ment and large cars into the scrap
heap. The orders received forbid even
the reconstruction of old wooden cars
built prior to 1902. According to rail-
road men, about two.thirds of the
trains operated from the Twin Cities
are aHecCeQ Dy the order.
The time given for the various COM
panies to build new steel cars IL so
short that it will not be possible to
even contract for the required number
before next summer, it is said. Min
neapolis railroad men are talking of
holding a meeting for the purpose of
appointing an official from each road
to go to Washington and induce the
postmaster general to rescind the or
der or at least lengthen the time limit.
Ninety per cent of the cars in use
in the Northwest states are of wooden
construction. At the present time it
is said that the two leading car build
ing companies of the United States
are so swamped with contracts that
it is necessary to order cars about two
years before the contractors can start
work on them. But one Twin City
railroad company has submitted
peacefully to the latest edict from
Washington. The Northwestern COM
pany Immediately upon receipt of the
order prepared to have Is or 80 cars
constructed in St. Louis factory. It
is claimed that with the exception of
this company no action will be taken
at this time. Should Washington au-
thorities refuse to come down on their
instructions there is nothing for the
various companies to do but lose mil
lions of dollars for car pay. This
merely applies to the annual rental,
which is based on a certain sum for
each foot of space operated per mile
in each mail train.
The order marks a victory for rail-
way mail clerks, who have conducted
a vigorous fight for sound mail cars
for the past five years. Last session
of congress in the appropriation for
the postoffice department stipulated
specifically that no cars should be
paid for that were not sound in their
construction and kept sanitary at all
times.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1910-12-16
ALASKAN STEAMER SINKS.

Cordova, Alaska. The Alaska
Steamship company's steamer Olym.
.pia. with 106 persons abroad. Il
ashore on Sea island, Prince William
sound. "A furious storm is raging.
II There are 81 passengers on the
Olympia. most Of whom went aboard
the vessel here. Among those who
sailed Tor valdez ana Seward are
United states District Judge =. p:
$Cushman and md members ol
sths Third district colrt, q their Nay
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1910-12-16
NEW CHIEF JUSTICE Or UNITED
81 81 STATES sUPREME COURT
s s$S SENATE CONFIRMS.
ALSO NAMED ASSOCIATES
Van Dsvantsr Of Wyoming and Ia.
mar Of 0eorsia-Also Names
Knapp 40 Head Of the
Commerce Court.

Washington, Dec. President
Taft today sent to the senate these
nominations:
To be chief justice Of the United
States supreme court, Associate JUS
tice Edward Douglass White of Louis-
lana.
To be associate Justices of the Unit
ed States supreme court, Judge Willis
Van Devanter Of Wyoming and Judge
JOS. Rucker Lamar Of Georgia.
To be judges Of the new court Of
commerce.:
Martin A. Knapp, new chairman OF
the interstate commerce commission,
for term Of five years.
Robert w. Archibald, now United
States district Judge for the middle
distric t Of Scranton. Pa, term Of four
years.
VIM. H. Hunt, now Judge Of court
of customs appeals, formerly United
States district Judge Of the district of
Montana, term Of three years.
John Emmett Garland of South Da-
commerce for term of two years.
(This last named is a change from the
original slate. Arthur G. Denison.
OAASCu 0SdSCS uASIE1Ct JuuSO 1OT LIl0
western district Of Michigan having
first been selected for this place.)
Julian w. Mack, now Judge in the
appellate circuit court Of the first Illi-
nois district, term Of one year.
To be member Of the interstate
commerce commission: B. H. Meyer
of Wisconsin and c. C.. McChord of
Kentucky.
Appointments to the interstate com.
merce commission are to be made to
fill vacancies caused by the elevation
of Knapp to the commerce court and
the forthcoming retirement of former
senator Francis M. Cockrell of Mis-
souri,. The commission will elect its
new chairman. The members of the
commission who remain are Messrs
Clark, Harlan, Clements, Clane and
Prouty.
Washington, D. c., Dec. ED
ward D. White of Louisiana, associate
justice of the supreme court was con-
firmed today by the senate to be
chief justice Of the court. The con-
armation Of the two newly appointed
associate justices will follow later.
The quick confirmation Of Justice
White is due to the fact that the sem
ate already has passed upon his quail
ifications. Frederick w. Lehman Of
Missouri, was also confirmed today by
the senate to be solicitor general of
the United States. He succeeds the
late Lloyd w. Bowers who died in Of
flee.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1910-12-16

coast statss ana llJey9da ana New
Mexico. u of which greW III faster
during the past ten years than during
the preceding. ls7s
1.-THE population Of the nine seo.
graphic divisions is as follows:
New England, ,522,681 Middle
Atlantic, 19,315,s92; East North Cent
raj, 1s,250.621; West North Central.
11,637.921: South Atlantic. 1910, 1885,
East South Central. s,409,901; West
South Central, s,7S4,534 Mountain, 3.
633.517; Pacific, 4.192.304. The popula-
ton Of the Northern section is 3d.
757,115; Southern section, 29,389.330;
Western section, 6,S25,821
Urban Population Grows.
Mr.. Durand expresses the opinion
that later statistics probably will show
that more than 45 per cent Of the pop
ulation of the country is urban, that Is,
in places Of $500 Inhabitants or more.
The population living in cities Of 25,-
900 or more Inhabitants has increased
much more rapidly than that in the
rest of the country. The population
Of such cities in 1910 was 28,508, O07
as compared with 21,078,189 for the
same cities in 1900, the increase being
7,429,818 or 35.2 per cent.
In the North the proportion Of the
total population living in cities Of
$4,000 Inhabitants was 400 per cent.
In the South it was 1913 per cent; in
the West, the proportion was 31.5 per
cent.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1910-12-16
Buddhist. start Salvation Army,

Victoria, B c., Dec. 12.-The Budd-
hists of Japan have founded Budd-
histic salvation army on military lines,
with Count Otani as supreme COM
mander in charge Of divisions based at
each Of the principal cities Of Japan,
according to mail advices. Each d.
vision will consist Of from five to ten
regiments and each regiment from two
to eight companies. There will bs
active and reserve forces.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1910-12-16

w Notorious "1ad Man" Is Shot.
Lexington, Kentucky. In re.
volver duel at Wilhurst, Breathitt
county, bad Bill" Bailey, noun
tain desperate, was killed by j. G.
Shepherd. Shepherd was struck by
a bullet during the fight and badly
wounded.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1910-12-16
Ten Eyck oratory Prize Awarded.

Ten Eyck Oratory Prtze AWarded.
New Haven, Connecticut. - The
Ten Eyck prize in oratory at Yale
perhaps the highest honor Of its kind
offered in any American university,
has been awarded to William G. Smith,
of Louisville. His subject was "a
World Court .:.. E
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1910-12-16
Northwest Men Elected,

Northwest Men Elected.
Louisville, Kentucky The supreme
lodge Of the United Workmen, elected
the following officers: Past supreme
master workman, Joseph a. Eckstein,
New Ulm. Mimi: supreme master
workman. William M. Norris, Musca-
tine. Iowa; supreme overseer. e. /.
Moore. Fargo, N. ID. ~ 9555
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1910-12-16
Tammanv Han Had sl.xe.

New York, Dec. 12.-Tammany hall
The "wigwam" home Of the famous po-
litical Organization known as the
Tammany society. was partly destroy.
ed by fire today. There was a fear
Of the blaze spreading to nearby build
ings, including the old Academy OF
Music, the Olympic music hall and
the Central hotel. The flames. how
ever were confined to the interior Of
Tammany hall itself.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1910-12-16

The aviation fashions will probably
soon appear. The public may be de-
voutly thankful if feminine admirers
of the bird men do not take to wear.
ing biplanes and Antoinettes for head.
gear.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1910-12-16

Frank Gotch to be Married.
Des Moines, Iowa. - Frank Gotch,
champion heavyweight wrestler Of the
world, is to be married to Miss Gladys
Oestrich Of Humboldt. Ia. on next
Jan. IL.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1910-12-16
scourae Victims in Riots.

Lisbon, Portugal. - The situation
growing out of the cholera epidemic
is serious throughout Madeira. Chol.
era riots occur daily daily. The food
supply is running short and the Portu-
guese gunboat cairo has been dis
patched to the inland carrying troops
and medicines.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1910-12-16

Stealing red-hot stove has long
figured as 1.-THE limit" of predatory
daring. If not an impossible feat. But
something closely akin to it is report,
ed from Hoboken, N. j., where a man
is under arrest charged with having
carried of a stove in which fire was
burning. And to make the affair seem
holder the stove was taken from 9
police station.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1910-12-16

Case Lost; Lawyer Drops Dead.
Chicago, Illinois.-Attorney William
T. Underwood Of counsel for Inspector
Edward Mccain. the chief officer
whose sentence of imprisonment for
accepting brides was confirmed by the
Illinois supreme court. died of heart
disease. .s'i
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1910-12-16

That an insane asylum inmate who
won prize for magazine poetry
should not occasion surprise or even
amusement. considering most maya,
tine poetry.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1910-12-16

In discussing the relative merits
Of new style and old style cooking
those who cling to the latter should
remember that they formed their
opinion Of It when they were blessed
With old-style appetites.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1910-12-16

A New York husband has asked the
Supreme Court to affirm the binding
nature Of the wife's marriage promise
to "obey." This is dangerous prece
dent for wife may retaliate by ask
ing legal enforcement Of the hus.
bands promise to "endow with all his
worldly goods"
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1910-12-16

Columbus did after all bring upon
this once happy country the peach.
basket hat. He led up to it. He
uade it possible here.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1910-12-16

An Austrian specialist has found a
form Of idiocy that is infectious. You
may have noticed yourself how infec.
Nous is the pun-making habit.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1910-12-16

Silly to get an injunction to keep a
woman from going to ball. Keeping
her dress from getting home in time
would be infinitely more effective
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1910-12-16

The typewriting championship has
Just been decided in New York again.
This is the first time it has been de-
:ided since day before yesterday.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1910-12-16
Leper Stopped at Border.

ISPeT otoPPS0 dt 6oroer.
Ell. Paso, Tex. - Marguerite Barro
SO, a Mexican, afflicted with leprosy
so badly that both feet are almost
decayed, was discovered by immigra.
ton officers attempting to smugg,e
herself into the United States. She
was detained at the border.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1910-12-16

The prophets were right. Two
months ago they predicted that the
hobble skirt would not hold favor in
the shape it had then. 1t is now grow.
ing worse.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1910-12-16

Aviators, like other experimenters,
are learning by their mistakes, but in
their case the trouble is the mistakes
sre such costly ones.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1910-12-16
elRLE DEFEATS "DRY" VICTORY.

Use Of Pot Books Replica on Ballots
NuI!fies Kentucky Vote.
Frankfort, Kentucky. - Because
the drys of Powell county, Kentucky.
used replica of the Bible on their
ballot in recent election, and carried
the county. the election has been de-
clared void. On each ballot was pic.
ture Of an open book with the words,
Holy Bible" under It. The vets for
an emblem used the picture of whis.
Ky bottle out Of which protruded the
had 0f Il snake. .;;:g i. t3;.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1910-12-16

A Chicago young man has spent owe,
100000 in two years. This high-fyine
record. however. was made without .
Paragraph.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1910-12-16

A sea-going ship went to the rescue
II an airship, and it is now the turn
Of an airship to repay the effort
Turn about is fair play.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1910-12-16
Prince,. Sue. for Sc. ooo. oof

Princess Sues for 5000, 900.
Brussels, Dec. 12.-Attorneys for
Princess Louise Of Belgium have en-
tered e formal suit for the recovery
Of $s.o00.O00 which had belonged to
her father. the late King Leopold,
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1910-12-16

The horse may have to go in order
to satisfy school of prophets, but the
hay and oats crop are still large and
n good demand.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1910-12-16

It is true that man has flown from
the deck of ship to the shore, but
the day Of the aeroplane lifeboat is
not yet in sight.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1910-12-16

Chicagoans are threatened with a
coal shortage. Not to be able to buy
fuel will be highly unsatisfactory
way of saving money.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1910-12-16

The sky pilot is no longer a theory
but visible fact; visible, at least
until he vanishes in the blue DOME
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1910-12-16

AS illustrating the dangers of get
ting up too early in the morning,
New York man was run over by
milk wagon.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1910-12-16

The feminine airship has material
ized. It may be depended upon t.
have its wings on straight.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1910-12-16

After the surgeons take man an,
make him over they regard him a
worth talking about.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1910-12-16

Paris will have 70 train its river tc
stay out in the country If it insists
on acting so foolishly in town.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1910-12-16

Ohio man killed while on his way t.
return borrowed umbrella. Prot
ably insane. anyhow.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1910-12-16

A woman doctor advises polygam,
as cure for our social evils. Is tn.
lady married, may we ask?
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1910-12-16

According to a Harvard professor
1t Is not cats nature to kill .
mouse. Unnatural brutes, cats!
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1910-12-16
penlbina Pioneer Express
WARpWELL Z THOMPSON, Pubs.
PsMeINA, NORTH DAKOTA
However. the moon can come Da.
Ill right every time.
The problem of making 1t rain |
no more vexatious than that Of NAL
ing 1t stop.

1T is an authors privilege to be n
accurate" says noted writer. Priv
lege? It's habit.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1910-12-16

ID skyscrapsr Limit Lid on.
Chicago, III. The 2O0.foot III
1toriesy restriction On future Chicago
{ buildings vas defeated IN ths y city
council
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1910-12-16

So New Salons Possible.
The census shows that if the present
apportionment in congress is held,
there will be SO additional representa-
tives, making a total membership in
the house Of $50, the present number
being 391.
On the present basis of apportion,
ment these representatives would be
distributed as follows:
Alabama, L; California, 4; Colorado,
1; Connecticut, l.; Florida, 1; Georgia.
1; Illinois, Kansas, L; Louisiana, 1;
Massachusetts,, q; Michigan, L; Mime
sofa, 1; Mississippi, 1; New Jersey, 3;
New York, 8; North Carolina, 1; North
Dakota, 1; Ohio. 3; Oklahoma, 4; Ore
gon, 1; Pennsylvania, 6; Texas, 4;
Virginia. A; West Virginia, l.; Wiscon-
sin, 1; Washington, 8. Total So.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1910-12-16
SECRETARY WAS HONEST AND
FAITHFUL IN ALL ACTS,
coNGREssMEN SAY.
MAJORITY REPORT FILED
Senator Nelson and Colleagues Sub.
scribe to Complete vindication.
Opinion Disputes the Mi.
nority Decision.

Washington, d. c. - indicating
Secretary of the Interior Ballinger ur'
On all the charges brought against him
and condemning his accusers as hay
ing been inspired by deep feeling OF
animosity, built upon a supposed diff.
ference in policy respecting conserva-
ton, majority of the congressional
committee which investigated the So
called Ballinger-Pinchot case submit
ed it's report to congress.
The Salt Lake herald-Republican. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1909-1918, 1910-04-10
found in deserted prehistoric dwellings Aka ridge.

vitrified adobe which had run down from
the walls and floors above.
BY far the largest and most interest
ing division of the whole museum is COM
posed of that material brought back by
the expedition of last summer from the
unmapped unexplored regions south of
the San Juan river. With the nearest rail-
The Salt Lake herald-Republican. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1909-1918, 1910-04-10
k and white bowls ladies and bowls bowls and seed jars mugs

and hewn with stone axes and thoroughly
illustrate the patience the ancients must
have possessed. A valuable collection OF
this same material was purchased from
DR.. John Williams of Moab. 1t is entirely
from Utah and is a typical selection from
the varieties of the various regions
From the large communal dwelling on
The Salt Lake herald-Republican. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1909-1918, 1910-04-10

but these remains have been sent to the
Smithsonian institution at Washington
where statistics are being prepared con-
corning the height and general size. In
one end of a large house which had been
destroyed by fire, quantity of burned
corn was found. Among this were several
pieces of melted pottery and masses of
The Salt Lake herald-Republican. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1909-1918, 1910-04-10

Alkah ridge in San Juan county were
secured, in 1903, a large number OF black
and white bowls. mugs, pitchers and four
large olIas. Ceremonial vessels of rare
beauty and the only whole cover to such
an article ever recovered. were brought
to Salt Lake from this same district.
FOrty-seven skeletons were uncovered,
The Salt Lake herald-Republican. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1909-1918, 1910-04-10

the widest Of the Navajo Indians for com
panicns, the party worked for three long.
hot months and were rewarded with a
collection that has aroused the envy of
all eastern scientists VINO have heard of
it. Untouched by vandals and pottery
hunters the ruins were found just as they
The Salt Lake herald-Republican. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1909-1918, 1910-04-10
Gustav Stickley Craftsman
Furniture

Made by Gustav Scey the originator Of Craftsman furniture in
those interested short historical sketch is intro
duced.
Craftsman furniture completed 1893 then
years Scey worked steadily the develop
proportions and the search for finish
which protect the wood mellow it color without sacrificing its
woody quality.
Stey introduced Craftsman furniture to the public
exhibiting the Furniture Exposition Grand Rapids Mich
mistaken upposng that this
Of American thought funuwoud
strongly dene of the American people
of that first exhibition Craftsman furniture rapidly
favor Exposition in 1902 its
line of this elegant furniture
idea for the den dining living
pleased you wonders and beauty of Gustav Stick
leys creations.
The Salt Lake herald-Republican. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1909-1918, 1910-04-10

CONTINUED on Page
The Salt Lake herald-Republican. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1909-1918, 1910-04-10

had been left, 80 that first-hand study
could be made and original excavations
completed.
Baskets OF different shapes and sizes,
representing a pre-clff-dWeiling people.
were found in rooms beneath the floors Of
CONTINUED on Page TWeIVs.)
The Salt Lake herald-Republican. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1909-1918, 1910-04-10
Lirnberts Arts and Crafts
Furniture

Furniture Lmbert Holland Dutch Arts and
the worlds peculiar beauty
the finishing and place its the Furn
realm
At first only few patterns made by small guild of Holland Dutch
craftsmen This furniture delightfully."- quaint perfectly proportional
and faithfully put together structural lines.
Unlike of the furniture of the did not depend chiefly for
its enrichment su carving and turning For be known that the
craftsman
branch craft the less he disposed have covered the
his production with other ornamenon He prefers
let his su of the plane and moulding iron tell its
without any elaboration And delightful tale it is
this make furniture recognized
steadily in public and
Our exhibit of this line will you profit
ably pleasantly visiting
Limbert's Arts and Crafts Furniture for yourself.