The Paducah evening sun., 1910-06-15

md establish closer relations with
hem.
In one OF our treaties with China
QS5S) We undertake., II any other
nation shodld act unjustly or opprcs-
dvely toward China. 10 exert our
,ood Offices. ou being Informed of
he case. TO bring about an amicabio
arrangement OF the question. thus
showing friendly feeling.
Pursuant 20 this agreement. when
he Chime forces had been defeat
"a by the victorious advance of the
Japanese In Manchuria IN 1895. the
american government eNerted Sc
7Ood Offices 10 bring about a cessa-
ion OF hostilitics and the negotiation
4 a treaty Of peace. A form'w
ecl ctary OF state vas adviser 90 the
chinese government In concluding
his treaty. DURING this same war,
90. the consular and diplomatic au-
hoTities OF the United States took
iharge of Chinese subjects and ther
interests In Japan. and Of japanese
subjects and their interests in China.
Similarly. when hostllltics broke
ut between Russia and Japan I'm
he Manchurian provinces of China.
he American government eXertod
Is influence to restrict the military
operations to those provinces. en-
outraged China In the preservation
4 strict neutrality and finally
rought about the negotiations at
Portsmouth, New Hampshire, which
esultcd IN a treaty OF peace. In
which the sovereignty OF China IN
he region concerned was unequlyo-
ally recognized.
IN referring to our diplomatic re-
ations wish China. q Is impossible
o omit menticuing the policy with
which the name Of the late John
lay will ever be honorabiy assOciat-
d. commonly known as the policy
4 the "Open Door Following the
'ese I'm 1898 and 1899 Of various
portions OF Chinese territory TO Ger
many. Russia. France and Great
Britain, w.th exchanges OF notes in
which these powers. together with
Japan, were recognized each as hay-
ing special interests within certain
provinces Of the Chinese empire. the
United States secured from each OF
.hese powers a declaration giving as
suunce OF equality OF treatment
within these so-called spheres OF
Interest" for nationals Of all the
powers; and. preliminary TO the set
tlement Of the Boxer troubles, the
United States again addressed the
interested powers, securing their az
sent to the principle OF the preser-
walton OF Chinese territorial and ad-
ministratiye entity and equality OF
commercial opportunity. II was
especially 20 safeguard these prin-
ciples that the United States govern
ment Interested itself so actively in
the question Of municipal govern
ment at Harbin n Manchuria.' I'm
that OF the working OF mines along
the Mukden-Antuny railway, in the
proposed construction of the Chin
chow-Aigun railway, and made the
proposal to neutralizc the railways
OF Manchuiia and sought for Amer
lean capital a participation in the
loan for the Hukuang railways.
There a;e various important pro-
visions in our commercial treaty OF
1903 which evidence our interest in
the promotion reforms which
must result in benefit to the Chin
ese people Among these are the
engagements entered into by China
TO establish a uniform currency, TO
adopt reasonable mining regulations,
10 revise the penal code. and to
establish system Of modern courts.
The United States on its part. has
promised TO lend It's assistance TO
these reforms, and has given assur-
.ance that when the courts and laws
OF China warrant II. the. United
States will consent to the abolition
of oXtraterritoria,ty.
The provision respecting a uni
form currency has not yet been full
filled, but Immediately after the rati-
fication OF the treaty the American
government sent - special commits
siorer to China to give expert as
slsiance in devising a practicable