davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-10-18

Carpenter Work of All Kinds
c. ID. Collins. 119 18th NV. Telephone.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-10-18

The basement IL fast filling with water,
and Claude can't find the faucet to turn 1t OF.
Must he drown like a rat In n sewer, Just
because that crook, Desmond, has got 1t I'm
for HINT Yes, gentle reader, 1t begins to look
that way, but don't lose hope yet. DESMOND
may relent at the last moment.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-10-18

Skaters VfoIets Are the Finest
and freshest. 18th and Eye. Phone 2416.
-Adyt.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-10-18
4 Treat to Royal PiI.en Beer

81 gallon. soc l. gallon. c. II. Reisinger
81 G street northwest Phone NJ 1851.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-10-18
Electric Reading Lights
Fresh Peach Ice Cream,

and Gas Drop Lights; full stock.
GIG 18th ST. c. A. Muddiman & Co. 1904
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-10-18

1t appears that Desmond II wise to that
shower bath stunt. Somebody must have
SWITCHED Claude. when Desmond gets the
sewer plugged up, Claude won't think the
shower II such q fine Institution Still,
drownIng 10 said he easier death than
roasting, and that's some comfort. Not much,
but some.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-10-18

That wasn't n very good guess Of our,
about Desmond reIenting. On the contrary
he's trying to cinch matters by turning OF
the hremen's supply of water. Then tn.
building will have to burn TO the ground, and
versa.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-10-18

But the brave Gre laddies not to he
foiled easily. It's their business to
know where to get water, and, believe us,
they do know. The hydrant has failed them.
but there's q tank the roof which contains
an ample supply. Now Claude has only one
form Of death face, ana that's easy for
him.
The St. Mary banner. (Franklin, Parish of St. Mary, La.) 1889-1931, 1910-08-13

complete command of space that dis
tinguish the aeroplane all lie in rud-
der A, the altitude rudder.
Figure is drawing of the essen
tial details of this wonderful rudder.
The rudder is shown from a point of
observation forward of it and to its
left.
The rudder consists of two hori-
zontal planes, p p. They are con-
nected with framework similar in
shape to the skeleton of an oblong
box. This framework has the planes
p p for its top and bottom Sides The
framework hinges at the two ends on
the axis represented by the dotted
line, a. It is by turning on this hinge
that the planes are made to act as
rudders.
This action is produced in the fol-
lowing manner: When the frame
work is tilted so that the fronts of
the planes point upward, the air
through which the aeroplane is ad-
vancing catches on their under side.
The pressure of the air on the under
sides of the planes lifts them up, and
SO lifts the nose of the whole aero
plane up, making it take an upward
direction.
When, on the other hand, the
The St. Mary banner. (Franklin, Parish of St. Mary, La.) 1889-1931, 1910-08-13

| planes p are tilted downward, the
air as it is cleft presses on their
top surfaces and forces them to point
earthward. And so they give the
downward direction to the course OF
| the aeroplane, when the flyer desires
| to fly lower.
1t will readily be seen that without
the altitude rudder, A, the aeroplane
would be helpless.
How is the altitude rudder con-
trolled by the areoplanist? The
view in Fig. shows this in the APP
paratus, C. This is peculiar but
perfectly simple device. The rudder
is pushed forward or pulled back by
long rod. The rod runs from a
crOsspiece of the framework of the
! rudder back to the steering wheel. 1t
is fastened at the hub Of the wheel.
ward as we'll as turning.
More vital still than the altitude
rudder, and certainly more of a de-
parture from all other known meth
DDS of equilibrium, are the stabilizing
rudders or fins, B B. The working of
these is shown in Fig. 8.
An aeroplane is poised as delicate
ly on IT'S airy even keel as tightrope
walker on his wire. The Stabilizing
fins serve the same purpose as do the
fan of the japanese tightrope per-
former. They save the flyer from tip
ping over to one side or the other
Fig. 3 will show how this is done
The purpose of the arrangement here
shown is to to tilt the one plane up
ward and the oppisite one downward
at the same time.
The control of the planes, B B, lies
in the wires C C. The axis of each
plane lies in the dotted line, A. The
wires, &C, fastened behind the axes of
the planes, tilt them by an upward or
downward pull. The wires c run
down from each plane to a pulley at
the corner of the lower sustaining
plane, P. From the pulley they run
straight to the top of the back of the
drivers seat, S. There they are
fastened. When it sways to the right,
it pulls the wire that draws down the
rear of the stabilizing plane out at
the left wing tip. When the seat
sways to the left, it draws down the
stabilizing plane at the right wing
tip.
The wiring, c c, runs also up from
the tops of the stabilizing planes
The St. Mary banner. (Franklin, Parish of St. Mary, La.) 1889-1931, 1910-08-13

tiss gives a signal, and the aeroplane
is released by the men holding it, 1t
starts forward rapidly on its wheels.
When the right speed is reached, Cur
tiss pulls the steering gear back
little toward him. The aeroplane
rises from the ground. The ground
friction overcome, it gains speed rap
idly and rises faster, till it reaches
the desired level.
In descending, Curtiss picks out
with his eye the favora% le spot.
When within some 200 yards of it
and at some twenty yards elevation,
he shuts off his engine with move
ment OF the right hand. Depressing
the head of his flyer, he glades down
Northumberland From the New
York Evening Sun.
The St. Mary banner. (Franklin, Parish of St. Mary, La.) 1889-1931, 1910-08-13

big engine. Back of the engine and
behind the big planes is the pro-
peller, x.
In the type Of aeroplane now most
developed. the propeller, x, placed be-
hind the engine, E, and the driver, at
s, forces the machine forward in a
horizontal direction. The planes, P,
P, catch the air on their under sur
faces, slightly inclined and conceived
for that purpose. The pressure lifts
the machine in the air or sustains it
there at a desired level.
The engine that supplies the power
is gasolene explosion motor closely
similar to that used in automobiles.
Oaly slight differences are necessi-
lated by the adapting Of the engine
to the aeroplane. The controls for
the magnetic and gasolene supply are
placed forward of the engine, at the
drivers seat, s, for he is under the
disadvantage of sitting in front of the
motor.
It is now to be seen how the pro-
peller. x, driven by the engine, E,
sends forward the machine, which is
sustained by the gliding on the air of
the plane. P P, and the similar plane
under it. There remains to be seen
the more delicate and difficult part OF
The St. Mary banner. (Franklin, Parish of St. Mary, La.) 1889-1931, 1910-08-13

through pulleys overhead, and so con-
meets the stabilizing planes from
above. When, therefore, one stabiliz-
ing plane has its after edge pulled
down by the fitting of the seat back,
the same pull, communicated by the
wire overhead to the other stabilizing
plane, pulls its rear up. Whichever
way the one stabilizing plane is
turned, the other one is turned oppo-
sitely.
The manner in which this action
rights the aeroplane will be readily
understood. The process is as fol-
lows: AS soon as, in the course of
flight. the aeroplane says to the left,
the driver leans over to the right in
his seat. 1t is the motion that he
would naturally make to find his own
equilibrium. In leaning to the right
he pushes the seat back over with
him. This pulls the wire that draws
down the left stabilizing fms after
part. Thus the fin turns on its axis,
or in such way as to present a slant
ing under surface to the wind. The
wind delivers an upward pressure on
this surface, and this upward pressure
tends to right the sagging left end of
the aeroplane. At the same time the
pull that started from the seat back
The St. Mary banner. (Franklin, Parish of St. Mary, La.) 1889-1931, 1910-08-13

is sent on from the left fin over the
overhead wire and down to the upper
surface OF the right fin, which IS
drawn up. The right fin is thus made
to present its upper surface to the
wind, and the wind then deprezses
the right end of the aeroplane at the
same time that the left is being
raised. In a moment the aeroplaae
is righted. The driver tAeTeup0n
straishtens up in his seat, bringing
the seat back again to the upright
position and so drawing the STABILIZE
ing fins back again to their original
place.
The third of the important CON
trols of the aeroplane in the ali. is
shown in Fig. 4. 1t is the side to side
steering gear, the most complicated,
The St. Mary banner. (Franklin, Parish of St. Mary, La.) 1889-1931, 1910-08-13

Professor Mckeever went to sore
trouble in his experiment, which va
arranged in imitation OF an actus
crime. He drilled three o. his STU
dents to perform a hold up" ati
the little drama was enacted upon
Quent examination Of the audiena
disclosed the fact that it was at siys \
and sevens as to what had actual!
happened The students were unaGe
to agree as to which Of the ''roDbeE'
had carried revolver or worn rain |
coat. and all the other facts were sin
ilarly obscure. Any one Of the wit
nesses could have given an accou..
of what he believed he had seen, and
no doubt by itself it would have
passed as good evidence, but unfoF.
tunately the student who sat next oI
him believed himself to have seen
something quite different.
Professor Munsterberg recently car.
ried out a whole series of expert
ments directed toward the same end
and the result was even more remark.
able. He used for the purpose a
large class of students whose powers
of correct observation ought to bel
above rather than below the average
He tested them in a great many ways
them to estimate the mum.
Der of colored spots upon sheet Of
white paper, the numbered persons in
a room, and the length Of a pendu.
lum stroke. The results showed not
only an extraordinary incapacity to-
observe correctly, but still more ez. /
traordinary difference in the kind OF ]
inasmuch as the estim.te
Of one student would be ludicrousy
too high, while that of the man next
to him would be ludicro usly too low
1t is evident that we must revise
our opinion as to the value Of eye
witness evidence. Its value seems to
The St. Mary banner. (Franklin, Parish of St. Mary, La.) 1889-1931, 1910-08-13

because it is the least important. II
needs a second motion of the hands
which are already busy with the alti-
tude control.
Fig. shows view of the side-to-
side rudder, C. 1t is cleft, ard
through this cleft passes horizontal
plane. This is just a fixed plane,
placed to sustain the weight of the
after end of the aeroplane. The rud-
der C, save for this cleavage into an
upper and lower part, is very SIM
liar to ships rudder. It is note
worthy that this is the only vertical
plane on the whole Curtiss machine.
The rudder c swings on vertical
axis, a. The positions into which it
may swing are shown by the dotted
lines.
1t is with this wheel, of course. that
doubles on his course and makes the
most complicated evolutions.
There are other things that the
aviator has to attend to besides his
direction and stability control, OF
course. But they do not require his
ever taking more than one hand from
the steering wheel. There is the
throttle which feeds the fuel to his
engine. It is short, slender lever,
at his right hand. A brief motion
cuts off his fuel and shuts down his
engine, or lessons his speed or in
creases it. The electric control is in
a little twist-button fastened on the
front of his seat between his knees.
In starting. Curtiss, after testing
his engine, first takes his place in the
drivers seat, turns on the throttle
and grasps the steering wheel. Then,
while two or three men hold the ma
chine from darting forward on its
wheels, a mechanic starts the engine
with quick turn of the propeller.
With the propeller going briskly. Cur
The St. Mary banner. (Franklin, Parish of St. Mary, La.) 1889-1931, 1910-08-13
HOW AN AEROPLANE WORKS.
AS SHOWN BY GLENN CURTISS
A Simple Explanation Of Flight in In
technical Terms FOR the
Average Man.

The aeroplane of Glenn H. Curtiss,
in which he made his AlbanyNew
York fight, is the one from which the
accompanying diagrams are drawn.
The Curtiss machine is held to have
proved itself, by the recent flight, the
most advanced type OF aeroplane yet
devised in America, possibly in the
world.
The Curtiss aeroplane is shown in
ground plan in Figure /. The aero
plane flies in the direction indicated
by the arrows. A is the altitude rud-
der, perched out at the end Of bam-
boo framework. in front OF the driver
The St. Mary banner. (Franklin, Parish of St. Mary, La.) 1889-1931, 1910-08-13

flying, namely the work of keeping
the flyer straight and level. Each OF
the rudders. A, B B and c, does its
own particular share of this work.
1t is threefold work, and far more
complicated than the control of auto
mobile, ship or bicycle. All these
travel on a horizontal surface and
are guided only to right and left.
The function of the forward rud-
der, 4, is to turn the course of the
2eroplane up or down. Right here
the aeroplane and almost all methods
Of lCcOmotion known to us becomes
The St. Mary banner. (Franklin, Parish of St. Mary, La.) 1889-1931, 1910-08-13

apparent To realize the difference,
it is only necessary to try to conceive
an automobile that one could, by a
turn of the wrist, start to soaring up
ward from the ground. Nothing elso
so free and complete in the whole
realm of motion, as known to human
experience, exists as in the aeroplane
of to-day, rude and imperfect, COM
pared to it's prospects, as it still pre-
sumably is. And the freedom and
The St. Mary banner. (Franklin, Parish of St. Mary, La.) 1889-1931, 1910-08-13

B B, are the two stabilizing rudders,
out at the ends of the planes. c is
the rudder for lateral steering,
perched out behind, as A is before.
P P is the upper sustaining plane,
four feet under which lies the lower
sustaining plane, parallel and of the
same shape and size. In front of the
planes is the steering wheel, W. Just
back Of w is the aeroplanist's seat, S,
and between the planes is placed the
The St. Mary banner. (Franklin, Parish of St. Mary, La.) 1889-1931, 1910-08-13

be very slight. even with the besl u :
intentions, and we may yet fna i
necessary to subject our legal WV
nesses to .ome kind Of test before q.
lowing them to testify as to WIZ
they have seen. They may be ineaF
able OF seeing anything with ae''
racy.-San Francisco Argonane.
The St. Mary banner. (Franklin, Parish of St. Mary, La.) 1889-1931, 1910-08-13

Mother trepvoyingIyl - "BoboH
told You distinctly if Mrs. Jones asA.. :.
you to have second piece Of CAKE !"
say No, thank you. :.
Bobby = Il know, ma, Dus ~
didn't say would l have, sne s'
would l like another piece, anu
I'd said No. I'd er told lie. -0S
ton Transcript.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1910-06-28

and untavorable trade advces from abroad.
the new crop received support from spot
interests. and after an early decline the
market ruled generally steady, The close
was steady at a net loss Of gag points
The market opened steady at decline
pool cables and reports that two small
mills inN the Lancashire district had
failed, There vas little foreign selling
here in keepin- with with the lower ca
bles. and the reports of better weather
in the South were accompanied by few
southern selling orders in the latter months.
while II looked as II Wall street. and West
ern longs were liquidating little old crop
cotton. but after easing off TO net de-
cline of sal2 points. the ma tket seemed toi
be receiving better support. There was
i.othing to indicate that any long ines of
consequence were coming on the market
and with the showers in me Southwest
considered BY many as 40 light TO ma
terially help the drought situation, early
sellers became uneasy enough to cover.
The demand from this source evidently
found very little cotton offering during
the later trading and prices rallied 10
withing 5 or points OF Saturdays finals
ON The active months with The close we'll
Up 10 the best on these positions The
buying by spot houses during the day,
was attributed 10 hedging against future
mill requirements. although some of the
private cables reported that Manchester
was selling hedges in Liverpool against
stocks OF yarns. Southern spot markets.
as officially reported early. were unenans-
I'd 20 &c lower. Tomorrow will be the
frst july notice day in New York but
it is not expected that the tenders W.
exceed 1900 or $500 bales
Receipts OF cotton al the parts to-day
/ were 2.I0S bales. against s,oss last week and
ESQ last year
| For the week 25.0o bales. against 23.5ls
\ last week and 3I.lss last year 4o-days
| receipts al New Orleans, 3i9 bales. against
/ 1,522 last Year, and al Houston. 1882,
i against 1854 last year.
1 Spot cotton closed easy. 10 points lower.
middiing pplands, 1885, middiing gulf. l6.a5.
Sales, 1859 bales. sotton futures opened
and closed steady.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1910-06-28
NEW YORK rRopucE MARKET.

New York. June a1-Flour-Firrner with
a moderate demand RYE flour-s.eady. Corn
meal-Steady. Wheat-Firm No. red, Slo',
nominal c. i. +. to arrive; elevator No.
Northern. SLCs nominal. (. o. b. to arrive
Options. 1is q &c. net advance. July, slVIss'
September SLo55: December. tLGHs. Corn
Easy No. 2 IS l-2c nominal elevator. do
mestic basis TO arrive. Options closed ;. q lc
RET lower July ss5sc., September, 6eisc-.
December 6s4c. Oats-Firm; mixed nom
inal.
Petroleum-steady. Rosin-steady Turpen-
tine-Easy. Rice-outet Stolassss-Steady
Raw sugar-s,esdy: refined steady, Coffee
futures closed steady net points lower TO
5 points higher, Spot cofae-steady, Rio
No. :. 5-IGc.. santos, No. I, aisc Mild
quiet: Cordova, gig PIC. Butter-Firmer;
creamery specials, 2sieG a4c., extras. 2sc.;
third 10 hrsts. % a 2T12c,; state dairy. COM
mon TO fSest, 23y 2Tizc.; process second 10
tion creamery, "a 2sc. Cheese-Strong
state whole milk new special! l5al5lae. do.
fancy small white. lil4c; do. fancy smal III
colored, liI2c.; do average Prime. ltc, do.
fair to good, 12&s a 13hc.; do common. 1o9
i2c. skins, full TO special, ieie lac. EGGS
Steady 10 firm; state, Pennsylvania. near
BY hennery white, 25a 2sc-; dc. gathered
white. 23I PC; do. hennery nrown. 2id 26c. /;
do gathered, 2e@24c.: fresh gathered extra
frst 2l1a q 22l2c. first, 2,a olc. Potatoes
Firm: Southern per barrel soc q $50. Cab
Long Island, per 100 seooQsS Freights.
dull. cotton to Liverpool, PEI 100 pounds.
17a 2oc.: grain to Liverpool, I'D; grain to
London. Id. Peanuts-Steady; fancy hand
picked, ia5i. @5n; Virginia shelled, Nos. i
and p 4as2sc,
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1910-06-28
,HICAGO GRAN MARkET.

Chicago, June 2T-Doar wheat fascinated
SPECTATORS to-day. Every future delivery
closed here this afternoon about that mark.
Before the beginning OF alarm about the
effect OF droughts on the spring crop, the
prices was in the eighties-well under SOC.
bushel. Latest trading was at nearly the
top figures of the day and showed net
increase gain of l3sa FEC as compared with
Saturday night. In decided contrast corn
finished u 0141sc down and oats y Gp5s q &C,
1t was a ragged windup in provisions all
the way from ?12 to &c. decline to 26c. ad-
vance.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1910-06-28

New York dull; middlins, 800 receipts
s,s06; sales, 1853, stock 10000: Great Bri-
tain. 1928. coastwise, lsis.
To-day at all ports: Net receipts. 27o8: ex-
stock. g60, 1870 bales.
Consolidated at all ports: Net receipts u
SIS, exports to Great Britain. 25,sos; France,
e,75s; Continent, lib.
receipts, 'la2an; exports t. Great Britain
22sl i77: France. S727o4; Continent. a.53I.-
so; Japan. si.4s5, Mexico, 1884
New orleans. La. June -7-spot cotton
quiet, y off; middling, liza. sales on spot
5l0 bales; 10 arrive. none,
Cotton futures opened barely steady at
a decline OF Soil points on The old crop
months and 4Qo points down on the new
Gables were extremely unfavorable and pri-
vate cablegrams from Liverpool firms re-
ported Two large mill failures in England.
This news caused uneaslness among longs,
who sold freely around the first call. The
weather news had little effect on prices.
the initial decline had been resained The
rumors OF large failures among Lancashire
mills were denied, stating that two unim-
portant mills haH decided TO liqutdate their
business, and the market commenced to re-
cover. From the middle of the morning
TO noon considerable strength was shown
by July. which was put UP 20 the level OF
Saturdays closing, or 10 points up from the
bottom. Other months recovered from $40
points OF their Losses. and at noon the
market was quiet and steady at ABOUT the
hgheft of the morning. In the afternoon
session the market was inactive and prices
changed but little. ATT O'Clock prices We're
ga, points under Saturdays closing. The
clone was steady at ne: aeclineo of 4Hy
points Futures closed steady: June, 1855.
July, li.74: August, li.l5: September, 1888,
october. l2.33. December. le.2o; January.
l9,22a
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1910-06-28

Keceipts-Wheat, l4,U0 buslels. corn, 9t.,-
500 bushels: oats. 1863 200 bushels. Shipments
Wheat. 5000 bushels, corn. 262.soo bushels;
oats. 5si,l0o bushels
Cash grain-No . red $ioha egg, No. 3
No, hard, o5ls q aslsc.; NO Northern. sl.OaIaa
l,llis: No Northern. sl0s;a q loSls; No. 3
spring. sl.o3fs Corn-No. 9, 55959tc., No. 9
white. s2a 62kc.. No. yellow, 60,. g6olac.;
No. 8. Sh@5siac. No. White, 60msvsac..
No, 3 yellow 5sa5oiGc.; No, 4, 5s@5slao,:
No. 4. white, sSGa5oc, No. , yellow 90 q 5sc.
Oats-Not 9 white, 40&c.; No. white, SIC:
No white. &m3sc' standard, ioa ioAc
Baltimore Md, June 7.--svheat-Nominal.
Corn--ouet; spot. 63c Oats Firm; No. 9
White ,st n No mixed slasc Nominal non.
domestic, s24 SIC.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1910-06-28

feeders. s4ooa55o Hogs Receipts. 1900:
market. 5aloe lower; heaSy s'45 e $50;
butchers, sa.ioIs5o mixed, sa3odo.i5. light
sa5oasso pigs ;o25dasp. bulk OF sales
1926 e50. sheep-Receipts. 1900 market
strong to &c. higher. Sheep, 1915 q 4.7p;
yearlngs ;t75ds: lambs. ;5aod6.15. spring
lambs. ss.5ohs.25.
New York. June "a -Beeves-Receipts, ISL.
Ordinary to choice steers. s6,.5aslo; bulls.
s+60G $500; cows. s250G si.s5. Calves-Re-
ceipts 5.07e But,ernliks, si06dsi.,-. mixed
calves. s5.odToo sheep and lambs-Re
cepts 13,sis sheep ss6i5o rev tops, $40;
culls. s2a25o lambs. s6Is, culls, i4a5;
yearlngs s..5oa55o Hoss-Receip,s. 1875
Market-steady at ss.so91o. piss. slel
1910
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1910-06-28

f'tJNl Of RICHMOND, JUNE u, 1910
ARRIVED.
E Steamer Brandon, Harvey. Norfolk. mer-
chandisc and passengers, Old Dominion Line
Steamer Berkeley. Shelly. Norfolk. mer-
chandise and passengers. Old Dominion
Line.
Steamer Aurora. Hancock # etersburg and
James River landings merchandise and pas
sengels. Phillips Line
Barge Breton. Hancock, Baltimore. COAL
S II. Halves G. Co.
SAILED. 1&t
Steamer Brandon, Harvey. Norfolk. mer-
chandse and passengers. Old Dominion Line
Steamer BeiNeley, Shelly. Norfolk mer-
chandse and passengers, Old Dominion Line
Steamer Poeahontas. Graves. Norfolk and
James River landings, merchandise and pas
sengers. Virginia Navigation Company
Steamer Aurora. Hancock. Petersburg and
James River landings. merchandise and pas
sengers. Phillips Line.