The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1910-04-17

indsx b rsmsrkably fun and sasisfsc tory.
TUNNEL THR0UeH TEE ANDES.
crsssea lo.eeo Rest ID.
Argentina and Chils have tass cslsbrassd
tho complstion Of The AnAsan tunnsl.
through .Whidh tho commisaionars Of
thu two countries were cArrisd Tor the
ARA tina On April 9. Thus BusaOs Ayrss
and Valparaiso are hroaahe nearer TO-
Usthsr by rail than they have ever besa
before.
In actual miles % ths CROW Giss he
cities arc about rs milss apart. sous-
thing near tho air llne Distance between
New York and Chica@o. Between The
two South AmericAn saApogtB riass ths
hugs wall Of the Andes. with psahp iron
1900 10 1900 fost above 90 hsssL
For syveral ysnrs trafilp baewsen ths
two cities has besn carried On by wag a
Cusmbra or UspallasA Rasa. where not
long AFRO The republics srecesd q hnRa
status % Christ % cplsbsaes ths ps&nssul
solution Of thsir long boundary disputa
This pass b nsariy is.oee fsst above 30
level.
A railway from Buenos Ayres. touchin8
kisrcsdss. 50. Louis and In Pas. towna IN
the inssrior Of Argsnsina. ruas % AsadoA
&C the easssgn foot of thu Andes and
climbs theacs mp q river valley with ons
huge loop and many curves q full bundrad
mikes 10 the summit of ths passL Thence
tn Chilsan end % the linz dsosnds By
the San Rosa River valley % Valparaiso.
Few railroads In the world have suca
q climb and such q daecons. Ths line a.
q whole bstwoen the two cities n about
1000 miles long. Il y really ths OalT
line from coast 20 coast In all South
America. though tho famous Msigs hnsA
in Peru long ago scaIssi tho Andes.
American methods and AmsricAs
machinery were used In cutting ths
lsms presented were Of unusual intsreS,s
In length the tllnnei " MOI FOmarkabla.
Tho great Alpine tunnsls Gro mnch
three milss In length. sho Sc. 0otthAnd
n over nine. ths Mont Cenis nearly eight
and tn 3inapIon ahoxt twelve. Tbs Ar
burg Of Austria 10 nearly sx and half
miles long and the 0ravsnhols Of Norway
10 about three and q third miles. The
HoosAc tunnel 10 four and thrss-QuaFtsr
miles and tho TeQuixquiat drAinass tunnel
Of Msxico 10 six miles. long.
None Of these tunnels. however. 10
dug &C such an elevation % the
Andean tunnel. which 10 nearly lo.soO
feet above sea level. The only railway
tunnels as such a Insight are some on the
wonderful line leading from the coass
Of Peru arrOas the crest Of the Andes into
Brazil and Bolivia. Tia Oroya Railway
from LAMA crosses the Andes by . pass
&C an elevation OF more than 10. sOOfest.
and the railway from MOllsDdO 20 Lane
TticacA CROSSES the mountains At Al
elevation Of more than it.7O0 fest, and
reaches the lake at an elevation of over
II. 500 fest. Both have many elevated
tunnels. though prcbsbly noe one Of thsm
10 Of 90 great importance - the neg
Andean tunnel.
With the complstion az the tunnel that
last terrific lift % more than 7.O0o fest
will be saved 20 freiGht and paassneers
between Argentina and Chile. II 10 az
pected that the effect win be 90 stimulate
the building q railway lines In the western
Argentine PROVINCES 81 Mendoza. Son
Juan. Rioja and Catamarca, which have
an area Of moro than iTO. 900 square miles
and about 500. Ooo inhabitants.
These provinces are already connected
with the port q Buenoe Ayrss BY snor-
mously long railway hnes. for Argentina
has dsveloped tn railways In remarkable
fashion In view Of the huge area Of the
couatFy and in sparse population There
are few lines reaching toward Chile.
Already San Rafael. In the heart Of the
province Of MendoxA. and San Jaup. the
capital % the province % that name.
are connected by rail with MsndosA on
the line 10 Chile. and lines win now reach
out 90 other places IN those provinces
From MendoxA 70 the Pacific coast As
Valparaiso by way 81 the Andesn
tunnel 10 only . little over Q third q the
distance In miles from Mendoua 70 Buen"s
Ayres, though even with the tunnel the
time by way Of tho Andes will be relatively
slow. By . happy coincidence the eooh-
pletion Of the Andean tunnel eosnss
close upon the csatsnnial % Argantsne
Indopsndsnce, % be celsbFated In Nay.
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a~wRRI lRRm ~ TT HmEYF HE1T.