The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1910-10-24
TURKS AND ARlBS-THE ARi-
BIiN PENINSI Ia.


either hy the present state Of the country
or by - past history. There 10 the same
variety IA - different parts az there - IN
the character 81 the land itself In the
coastal regions We rnd permanent and
1 settled communities m ne highlands ~
the Nerd social formal ons % NaciiiatinE
endurance IN the desert the freely roaming
R~douin families Who are inpatient Of any
but the loo-eSt kind of tribal organization
The HedIaHi- practically under the authority
of he Sherif Of Mecca. who rules de facto.
bat Who de lure 10 supsrVl ed nv the Turk
l-h Governor Of the province Asr and The
emen form another Turkish province. but
~ has been customary 20 parcel OUT this
country into administrative subdivisions
ruled often by petty native chiefs who hold
their authority bv crrIsltv toward thoSs no
are under them aud by liberal bakshish 10
Constant nopa
In the iiadramaut Ne have self governing
communities. IN which The influence OF the
indian system ~ caste - only too apparent
oi tn" four rla $3.50 into ~ hIyG the pOpula itou
j. divided thai - ~" Savyid- rules in
virtue 81 sacred decent Further along
~" southern coast deputy Sultans hold
-NaN under Anglo Indian control Ia
oman 10" lori~hIpof the ~ulfin- Of Mus At
- tempered hy that 81 numerous tribal
chiefs Who hang on to the sSir's ~ his
garment when this serves their purpose aud
IN 'he inner oasso' W 4 whore the Bedouin
character has been pra-e VOID more faith.
IhllN, We -" 'he hTs' attempts made AZ an
| Arab religious and state revival unhl ndsred
nv any outside Influences HAL N tho north
has heroine the chief C.tv of the pow erful
| ~hammar 'rhe under fhe family 81 Inn
kh-h.d Ia kasm. /amir founded an or.
Ean1a'ton upon . broad democratic basis
and under N elected chef while m southern
| \"'d, ~ Rad became the centre 81 = pseudo
| state ba-At upon the puritan doot rinea Of
| NahahI IN RG' not one of tha-- organi1a-
TONS has measure ~ power Sufficient 10
enable II 20 sfant upright. ana Their VARYING
character ana form are sufficient indica-
Ton that Tho material - not vet 20 hand
WherewI'h a powerful Arab S'ate can be
formed IN the pennsila
- no form Of social oohes on has been
N"lop"d. one might imagine hat the reli-
giou- bond would hs"ofna sfectiys But
here again the onsnr-- and the uniform
character 81 religious expression that -
supposed - eNls' IN Arab - IN default
| The various currents Of bel lef and practice
hat have served slam IN the nasi are no.
tent TO-DAY n Arabia and prevent ehec-
uN"lv any common action throughout the
peninsula The failure ofthe grea' wahsbi
edort IA fno-' ms ruCttNe A. one time dur
nv the early wears ~ The nineteenth century
~ looked a. 4 u might carry the Whole popu-
ana sweep all opposition o.' Of reach Like
- predec"s~Hrs Mahabi-fu took rs rise IN
N" drs~r'. INC home and the main-prng
81 an MoHamm-dan movement. Mo-
banned ION ADD al-Wahhab Wa. real
r"S"nerd'or of his people. and hs "a. rue
NohAWtu~dan revival 10" had teen brought
. 1p 10 he HanhaiI SCOT the most ultramon.
'an- 81 the four INTO which Moha mmedan
orthodoxy 10 divided Wahab.-m suired
-faA -Li1 - 49,. stAs>4aass- Fasnss.o.
u vRs au-'er". ipr 10 Iu the d-sarT a rr.da
, and hard u vss simple Tor 'ha desert
and even tie oa-". oTsr li''le ~ 'he man
f"ldn"-- 81 orr modern .Tfs D va unc0u.
prorr.-ng, Tor the inhHh 'au'S ~ the dessr,
are face 90 ia'" With a form 81 nature 'h,t
- intending Ia tdd.'Iol D. va. -uppprted
4 hN up""rful chiefs. - "a fnt ht- drzrend
ants 80 beTa and Rad nth pat dou n
"a Is'E bN tho uu,pmprur.- mot bod .
'"i IIr.o- Egyptian Warfare = bade far 20
ne'"'U" real uI"us.- 20 tuu-ra ntInopia
tNen 10 MS day In oman N Ne.d and even
10 India ~ ha- - Nn'are- II 'atlsi m .,s
real T -~ion h"'a - - eriars we're not
- good statesmen a. They vere reIgtor-
r-vtNali-'- and they DID not take INTO a,-
count he fact that no religion. app.aI
ns- not heard VIII The -1n- attention and
Nth the -lrne meaning by all hos. 30 whom
~ vas preached ~ their very door. 10
The north 'hs semi ludcf,.' ndsrf STATE Of
Under the ION l'a-hid family and - care for
r"I. sion ami for he 'naorraf.r g1,.rr,rar'
~ ~" Nahah.- va- ~ MYERS. rai % 90 -
opposition -hosn hv -"''ar."- further south
To ~" nov Interpretation Of ~" old 'sr'h
Nor must % he forgotten that he great
dividing ne - 'he Mphammrdan world
! which has produced SuunIte- and Shirt.-
- apparent IA Arabia a. 10 A.. ~'--o here IL.
. western cDa-'. certainly a. r. a. no He'd ~
ana '-OT are concerned. rAu he claimed for
tho - .un tee -" -u-rNIl-d orthodox 81
Islam bat 'ts eastern coast = full 81 $50.
iar.~s NJ r. very pruuogu 81 kind Who Iool
Nl'h horror upon much that the Suuntts.
hold - p. sacred lf -. 20 ~ a-a on tie
Persian GIIf 'rs' one ~ ne mos pow erf..
opuos NJ elements - the early cal rhg .ro-a
snd The 'rad'' ~ 't.- oppo- ton ar.
.Frrfed down ~ 'h.- dav NN the Abad,te. IN
oman MN t~na0lfv WbIpn on" -oeS only
IN 'ne fa-f lNen n ~" Yemen a great
. part - the populs' ION belongs 20 he se,t
II tho Iaidr'es. tho followers of Za.d. -ou
~ Al IAN A. NhdIu. q 500 affiliated much
more clO4sIN - he ShIIfs- han 90 she sunni
Mohamm"d0us nde~ the pui-s1nt leader
ship ~ Mahmgd Nahya I'm Hsmirddin
'he~a Iadit-- have for many years opposed
the sunni Turh- With success In A.lr
only aul1e emily there has been a Mahd, .,
uprising lnder Mnhamm~d ibn idri- which
p~no' rated a. FAR a. f.uhaish IN The Yemen
? N"V IN Islam religious parties have he
, haved no better than they have N other
faiths. and the constant and nsCe-sary
commanding ~ religions with social and
. political questions has made the tension
hs' w"en N" NHrnus parties very pro
. bounced Much blood has been spilled over
N. question ~ tho rigI'fpI Succession To
/ tho CaupratS and tho manner IN which tn.
earlv MHhyhl'"S went about their work
~ Uurinra'ou by sa"klng Mecca and k.r.
bela. hy do ng away WITH everything that
: DID not bear The carmarks 81 primitive
, times. and nv Tu'hl"~-ly eXpoundinS eyerv
/ jot and ut'l- 81 the religious Law. does no,
incit- The wish for the success Of an Arab
! movement - purely theocfatIc, even II such
1 success acre possible.
Bu' betor. ~ can become possible in
. irabA tho lines Of religious cleavage
. eyrncsi there must 10 obliteraied In a
word an Arabian Nohammedan state with
~ base IN the PeninS ala ~ arabia ran he
/ imagined only under one ~ two condition.
/ Either N" differences of belief aud Of prac-
toe must he sunk int" common accord
or som" great man must arise there A