Burlington weekly free press. [volume] (Burlington, Vt.) 1866-1928, 1910-02-17
Messrs. Crosby and Dodge of u -
Agricultural Dept. Speak
Farmers Have Dny Of Instruction ana
Amuse me ut--PrOf. SnnbOrn ana
Dr. Perkins Lerture---Attend-
ancc Increasing Daily.

NAL diseases. abstra of whicn are
given below. There WINS n full schedule
OF lectures. morning and afternoon, on
various subjects, and in the evening Prot.
]. w. Sanborn, ex-presldent of the utah
Agricultural College, and DR.. IA. +. yer
kins delivered lectures in the Williams
Science hall
Two demonstrations wero given at
three o'clock. one in concrete construc-
ton by Prof. j. w. Elliot and one In
acidity in milk and cream and cream
ripenina by Prof. x. NJ. Washburn and
Mr. I.amson
THE MORNING SESSION
The morning session opened at $50
with a lecture by Prof. j. S. Hills He
said, in part:
LIME AND LINING.
Lime is applied to soils In many
forms; in commercial fertilizers Gas
artificial land plaster or gypsum and
| as available phosphate Of lime); In
natural or artificial phosphates, as
carbonate Gin ashes of divers sorts, as
ground limestone or merD; as oxid
or hydratc tquick or slaked lime) ;
and az sulphate Gypsum or land plas-
teri.
when used as quick or slaked lime
and TO a less extent rs carbonate
It mobiles the soil mechanically;
chemically and biolosicaliy; mechani-
cally, In that II tends TO clocculate
clay loans. to render them more por-
GUS and amenable to tillage; chem
cally. in that It tends TO liberate plant
food, particularly potash and phos-
phoric acid. from its soil combinations
thus acting as an indirect fertilizer
and to neutraliEe soil acids OF divers
sorts biolog!cally in that II favors
bacterial growth, disintesrates and
renders available the humus. affects
vegetative characters. and may pro-
mote certtO weed and fungus
growths When used as gypsum it
tends to retard ammoniucan losses
and to free plant food; but 1t has lit
tie power to sweeten soils. The prac-
tice OF lining has had its ups and
downs; has been in high favor and in
disrepute. To-day both its dangers
and it's benefits are we'll understood
L. b. Dodge Of the United states de-
psrtment of agriculture followed Pro-
fessor Hills with
POTATOES AS FIELD CROP IN
NEW ENGLAND,
The important points in the Maine
| method Of raising potatoes are:
L Rotation; preferably three year. (po-
| tatoes, grain, clover) allowing planting
on fresh clover sod.
2. Commercial fertilizers and humus;
both freely and judiciously supplied; high
| potash content In fertilizer
3. BarnyaI manure; in light amounts
to add humus and decrease chemicals
| applied preferably to the crop preceding
| potatoes. g. <. as top dressing to clover.
T. Cultivation: through deep plowng
| four or more harro wings. five to nine In
| ter-tillages after planting; on soils over
wet during growing season, alternate usa
of horse hoe and cultivator: on drier soils
level culture with much use Of weeder.
3. Spraying: Bordeaux frequently and
! thoroughly applied, arsencals in addi-
| ton.
6. Machinery: systematically used. so
that crop Is handled by horse power from
the cutting OF seed to digging. Hand
| labor Is too expensive.
I. Storage for use If crop is not
promptly sold well ventilated and frost
| protected
S. Seed selection, best yields from
high yielding hills rather than from
| large tubers
The potato crop in New England farm
ing should supplement the income on
farms where other crops are fed 1t is
an excellent cash field crop for tho aver
age New England farm. fitting we'll In
to dairy rotation or newly broken sod.
| 81 AZ fnl nj
THE FARM HELP PROBLEM
Farming depends. upon three factors,
namely: capital. land and Labor. Conse-
| Quently. the degree OF success obtained
Is governed by the skill displayed in the
proper employment OF these factors in
relation to each other. The proper bal
ance 20 be thus maintained is sometimes
Interrupted by Influences beyond the con-
troll Of individuals. This has in recent
| years, been true OF farm labor From 20
| to so per cent. OF the cost of production
OF many farm crops rests upon labor
| This untoward condition makes the labor
| problem the most important Of existing
| farm problems.
| This must ba sought through the i'm
provement Of the physical condition OF
| lands and buildings TO admit the greatest
| use CT machines. and change in crop pro-
duction. either by improvement Of qusli-
~, OF output in order 10 obtain higher
prices for produce OF selection OF lines
Of work requiring less labor.
| II. r. Cook, dean OF the New York
| Agricultural school OF Canton. N. ",
gave tho last address Of the morning:
DAIRY BARN CONSTRUCTION.
| Dairy barn construction requires
enclosing the greatest space at least
| expense In rectangular form with
warmth and air secured
! Width depends upon stable arrange
ment: 36-40 IT., ? rows cows,
| Windows 4 SO. IT. or moro per COW;
w and s, exposures; double in north
ern ATTITUDES, House weight hung
windows with storm windows for win
ter; muslin sash at times when reg
ular nues are insufficient
| Walls tight boarding; stud spaces
packed with dry shavings or straw.
ceiling, cheap lumber, metal lathed
ana two coats concrete mortar; or
piastered II no driving is done above,
SO e. high.
| r'oor' cement; Rrouting q cement
sand, 6-S crushed stoned Is put down
nrst' Directly under animals lay
srs single ply tar paper with two coats
TAR paint between them: 8 spikes per
so II. are driven through into grout-
ing oelow' projecting Y inch above
paper inches finish coat, q cement,
sharp sand), narrow margin free
from paper, left for union OF upper
and lower ,cemepts c,-. ,