The sun., 1910-05-13


ruin that may roms from the mere wear
lnE out Of the machine itself.
one Of the prime dangers % civilization
has alWays BEEN Nv tendency 10 cause thl
loss Of the virile fighting virtues Off hghi
ing edgs When men get ioo comfort abls
and '"ld too luyuriOus lives there Il alWay'
danger lesf TIE ~Dftn-ss -si Ike an acid
INTO their manliness Of hbre. The bar
bafian. becausr Of the very coadit,O
oi his life. j. forced to Keep aud deyeloT
certain hardy qualities Whch the nan oi
ciVilizatiOh tenls 10 lose. whether he b.
clerk. factory hand. merchant. or even 4
certain type OT farmer Now will moi
assert that in modern civilized society
these ienfenciss have been wholly over
come but there has been a much more
succe>sfui effort TO overcome them thon
was the ease IN the early civilizations
MS u Cur'ously shown bv the military
hitiofv 81 the GTRro- Roman period NJ
compared With the history Of the las' four
or hNe centuries here IN Europe and among
nations Of FuropeIn descent In the
Hfecian and Roman military history the
change was steadily from a citizen army
10 en- army oi mercenarie- Ia the iavs
'i the early greatness of Athens. 1hrbrs
and sparta. IN the days Nhrn the Roman
Republic conquered vhai world Il knew.
the armies we're hlled with citizen soldiers.
Hut gradually the citizens refused 10 serve
"a The armies or became unable 20 render
EoOd seTvio@ The romans ol the days
OF Augustus haa utterly ceased 10 furnish
any cavalry. and we're rapidly ceasng TO
Furnish any infantry 10 the legions and
cohorts
clrIEEx ArnWs
/ Nov. the exact reverse has been the
ease With us 10 modern times. lev cen
turtles aEO the msTcenaTy soldier vas the
| principal hgure in lnosl armies. and IN
Trea' numbers Of cases the mercenary
soldier was en- alien In the wars of re-
tgiOn in France. IN the Thirty Years War
N Gsrmahy. - the wars thst Immediately
thereafter marked the beginning of the
I breakup Of the great Polish kingdom the
regiments and brigade Of iorsian soldiers
formed q striking and leading feature IN
every army Too often the men Of the
country IN which the fighting took place
played merely the Enobls part of victims.
ths ourEhers and peasants appearing IN
bat limited numbers In the mercenary
armies by which they were plundered.
Gradually this has oil changed. until nov
practically every army l. a CitTen army
and The merCenarv has almost disappeared.
while the army exists on a vasier scale
than ever before In history In our Own
civil war % me United states the same
thing occurred. peaceful people A. Ne are.
A. that time more than two generations
had passed since thP War of Independence
During he whole Of that period the people
had been engaged In no lie and death s'rug-
Ee. and Yet when the civil var broke Out
and after some costly aud hitter lessons
Al the heganninK the lighting spirit Of the
people vas shown TO better advantage
than ever before The war vas peculiarly
var for q principle
All the leaders on both sides and the great 7
majority Of he enormous masses Of fghi- F.
ing men. wholly disegarded and we're
wholly uninduenced By pecuniaTv con- .
sieeTatiOns Taken a. a whole u was even I
more than the Revolutionary var true 1
citizens hEht And the armies Of Grant and I
Lee were a. PmphAticallv citizsn armis- I
a. Ahthenian Thebsn or spartan armies ?
IN The great age Of Greece or ~ a Roman 4
army In the DAYS Of the Republic
WEALTH And POLITICS
Taking up the topic Of predatory
wealth. Col Roosevelt said
In classic times. a. the civilization sd-
vruc~d toward ~ zenith politics became
4 recognized means Of Accommodating great
wealth CRSar was again and again on The
verge of bankruptcy he spent an enormous
fortune. and be rccOuped himsslf by the
money which he made out of his rolticsl
military career Augustus established I'm
Dcrial Rome On hrm foundat iols hy tho Use
ie made Of the hug- fortuns hs he'd ac-
'uirrd by plurd"r Nhat - contrast u
lTersd by tho careers 81 Washington and
.nroin There we're feN EXCEPTIONS m
ancient days but the Immense majority
,f 'hs I,reskS and 'hr Romans - their
.lv.iissttous eliminated accepted money
making on q large .'ale a. one ~ me in'i-
isnts of . successful pIbliv rHre~T Now
N NJ THIS is M sharp contrast 20 shat has
happened within the lat tWO OT three zen.
lTies Duri7g this time there has hen q !
teadv grovth awav from fhr theory that
money Making i permissible in IN hon0f-
ible public career
IN 'hi- respect The standard has h,sn
onstanflv elevated and thing witch
tNtesmen had no hestation in doing three
oniuTie- Or two Centurie- aFo. and which
Iid not seriously hurt n public career ever }
century, ago. are nov utterly iWp0sz hle d
Wealthy men stdl eNarcis" large and I
Omstinres an improper Influence n poll 9
ics bur h. ls apt 70 hs an indirect infusnc~
nd in the advanced States the mere sus-
.trion that tho wealth Of public men fs oh =
aimed OF added tO ~ an incident of their ,
ubiic careers uil bar them from public :
fe Speaking generally. wealth may very 8
rraily inhuence modern political life bLt I
~ not acquired In political life The h
Olonial administrators. German 0r amer r
.an. French oF ENGLISH Of thi. generaiion 3
.ad careers Khich ~ compared Vuh he
aFeeFs Of othcr mcn n like ability show q
,0Rey makiRg 9. and literally world scandal
ould - caused by conduit which = Roman
rOconsul would nave regarded - moder- >
10 and phirh would not have BEEN s-D-- i
ally uncOr1mcn even IN the 6dmin I-tratiou =,
7 England a century and half sgo Or
le whole tho great statssm-n 81 the lat =,
,v generations have hesn ethar men Of
.0deTat" nsans. or II men ~ wealth man -v
hose wealth vas diminished rather than
creased by heir public services
WHAT n THE LESSON? -,
Another advantage of the present over y"
aai civilizations. the lecturer argued ~
a. its great yarsty Of aspect and OBJ a
,ctive Still tho question remained n
Are We 10 60 tho way u the older ciyiliEa- "a
onsl- This was the answer
Personally I do not believe tfa, our " y
vilzation wui fell think 'hs' on The :.