Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-04-28

day before the steamship sails. and cor
raj them in some safe boarding house,
where they are kept under guard. SO
that they shall not change their minds
or fall into the clutches Of agents OF r.
val steamship companies. The best class
OF emigrants are farmers boys, although
they are the most ignorant.
II an educational test were applied by
the United States they would be shut out
entirely, and the scum of the cities COM
posed of reckless and vicious young men,
would be admitted, because they have
usually had the advantage of a little
schooling and can read and write. Those
who know best about such things are
unanimous in the agreement that an edu-
cational test would be the very worst rule
that could be applied to regulate or re-
strict emigration.
Conditions Imposed.
Every emigrant Is required to make out
a declaration for the use of the immigra-
ton bureau Of the United States. giving
his name. age, birthplace. nationality and
profession. and you would be surprised to
read over the list and discover the num-
Der Of learned professions that are repre-
scented. The returns are not given for
countries separately. but during the last
fiscal year there were admitted into the
United States members Of the different
Fsrm iabore ana Servants 1908
bankers. 743; editors. 215; literary and
scientific. $50: physicians. 1.O74; teachers.
2.2S3: dressmakers, 1857: printers. S14;
actors. 1.176: ordinary laborers. 221 .141 {;
merchants. 49, 743; clergymen, LOIS; law
yers. 53S; musicians. 1850: sculptors and
painters. STA; BARRIERS. 1911: milliners,
4a3; tailors. IL $50: architects, 385.
II should be explained that these occu-
selves and the government officials have
no right to question them.
Many Choose Argentine.
About one-fourth as many people leave
Italy annually for the Argentine Republic
as go to the United States, and 1t is a
curious fact that nearly all OF them are
from the northern part Of the kingdom.
while. as have already shown. the larger
number of emigrants to the United
States come from the south. This pecu-
liarity is difficult to explain except on
the theory OF example. 1t Is probably
due to the fact that the first emigrants
to the Argentine Republic went from the
northern provinces and their friends and
acquaintance followed them, while the
emigrants to the United States from the
lower provinces prospered so we'll and en-
joyed their experience so much that their
neighbors followed them
1t is matter Of earnest discussion
are not Of q better class mentally, NOR
ally and physically than those OF the
southern provinces 1t is generally ac-
copied that they are, although the asser-
ton will always be disputed. There Is
no malta in the north: no camorra, no
vendetta and no banditti. although the
most dangerous anarchists have come
from Milan. Genoa. Turin and other
northern cities.
The public school system in the north
Of Italy is very much superior to that OF
the south and the illiteracy is conse-
quently much smaller. But 1t is contend
ed on the other hand that education does
not always make q good man or an Or
derby citizen out OF an Italian peasant
and that in his case. as in that OF many
others. "A little learning Is dangerous
thing"
Society Considerations.
There are three distinct classes in Nea-
politan society Gt would be better to call
them castes)-the nobility and aristocracy.
the "galantuomni,' middle classes.
and the '1azzaroni." or the submerged
multitude" The first class 1t is unneces-
sary to describe. the two other classes
live side by side and are yet distinct and
hostile They differ In religious and po-
iitical convictions, in morals. In social
customs. in food and clothing.
The galantuomini include the ehopkeep-
bookkeepers. persons engaged in clerical
occupations and practically all who are
compelled to earn their living but who
are not engaged in manual labor. They
are generally liberal and often radical
In politics. The men express an open In