Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1910-11-11

i ne old cattle ranges in the north
west have changed TO prosperous
farming communities. Old extensive
range conditions are outgrOWn and
| in their place have come the more
extensive modern methods OF farm
ing. Where once thousands OF beef
cattle grazed and fattened now are
grown fields Of grain not we'll adapt
ed to fatten beef for market The
! change has been so gradual that few
people fully realized that old condi-
tons were actually passing. The
cattle that formerly furnished beef
for the market now supply milk for
the dairy. In short, many farmers are
trying to make COW that always
has been bred for beef purposes fit
into a place where economical milk
production is desired.
Perhaps the strongest factor in re-
,arding Improvement of dairy cows is
the old illusion held by fanciers of
beef breeds-the dual purpose COW.
There are many Influential men
throughout the country who have ad-
vocated dual purpose" breeds and
too many farmers have been content
in the belief that beef breeds can be
made to produce milk. in abundance
while at the same time store up flesh
on their backs. A great many people
have overlooked the point that flesh
making and milk making are two dis
tinctly different processes, not usu-
ally carried on to any degree in the
same animal True there are few
cows among the beef breeds that are
very exceptional mixers among the
dairy breeds. However. the all i'm
portant point which dual purpose"
advocates fail to recognize is that the
majority of the so called dual pur-
pose" breeds fail to transmit their
milking qualities to their off spring.
This fact alone makes it impossible for
a farmer to build up dairy herd
from a beef breed in any reasonable
length of time.
1t is hardly paying proposition
for farmer to shelter. feed and care
for COW IL months a year for
period of 10 years. when she pro-
duces milk only 6 months per year
just for the beef her carcass will
furnish when butchered. If a dairy
COW has been a persistent mixer for
10 months each year during her
working period Of 10 years it would
be folly to expert her to change her
very nature at the end of that time
and store up flesh in preparation for
the end. Flesh making is largely cell
addition while milk making is cell
division. These two processes are al
%or md
combined to any degree in the same
animal If any animal is to produce
a wealth of flesh; the muscular It's
sue must be present and nourshed
from the time the calf is born. This
requires that the back body and limbs
of the animal be heavily supplied with
blood vessels and nerves in order to
convert the food material into flesh.
Just so with the dairy COW. From the
nature of her makeup, numerous
blood vessels and nerves must be
supplied to the uddder thus convey
ing the food material of the blood
10 that organ and convert it into
milk
The same principles hold true with
COWS as with the other animals. If
man wants a draft horse he breeds
for that type. He does not expect
extreme draft and speed in the same
animal. Likewise with the swine The
lard tyne and bacon type are two dis
tinct characteristics. Different in ex-
ternal appearance and equally as diff
ferent in the utilization of their food.
The type of hog used in any section
nf tho onnn{rv ic o1y,o 1otOrnoiro1
by the kind of feed raised and the
market demands. In the corn belt
proper is found the lard type of hog