The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1910-03-13

dacity which chnracterize tho ariatocratic
spirit. arc found in men Who devote them
selves To love aud amOrous conquest.
compelled tn do - indeed by their cOnsti-
;nti0nal needs Cas the most highly vital
lied specimens % the race). and these
qualities give THAR :. t'sv ior. appearance
and ideas . distinct and special impress.
elegance and correetness hiding = dan
gerous force" 10 dos not discOOcert o'EY
author 20 have 20 add that the aristOcratic
type hears q certain resemblance tn the
criminal type. derived from the primitive
neas and nature of the strength which
they posssaa In common However.
while the criminal ID beyond the maxi
mum ANCESTRAL variableness permitted by
aOcisty the Aristocraair type remains
within thoss limits and In an element %
health and strength"
Sera follows Rousseau again in inquir-
ing into the Origin of Socisty.- and his
answer n moro speOio0s than that of the
-socinl contract" a. al events. Hsplaoes
the cradle of the race In the comfortable
hanntS OS the modern -beachcombsrs.
tho~s ariatocratic "revenants- among
the islands Of the South Hcas. lin me
tropical zone Of tho great Australanian
Continent The sexual troop OF biolcgi-
cal family snioyed a happy leisure there
bsfors society properly 20 called. came
into being. AS. however. the number
Of Rroups increased the nutriment offered
oy nature withou any activity whatever
that u. with the view OF fulfilling an aim
became lees plentifnl and struggles en-
sued until the weaker groups had %
move generally toward the north. where
food was harder 20 procure. and % the
problem Of pastenAnce required them to
develop industry. economy. foresight. nc.
In short the humanity Of man was first
evoked in tho feeblor and conquered races
IL was born under tho influence Of grief
and privat ton from lowered vitality and
organic impoveriahmsnt. The noble
primitive had 90 come down from purely
parasiticaI existence and stoop 10 labor.
irst In the les degrading form, Of PASTORAL
ism and then In that Of agriculture. the
Iirnt real true work and the prototype Of
all that has followed with its physiolOgi-
cal and psychological consequence
But inside OF thess leas capable groups
that we're pushed nOrthward the better
men still kept themselves unsullied by the
shame Of toll: the weaker members we're
those who had TO work. dOubtiess the
women and slaves especially. Work came
into existence &C the same time a. slavery
and was the duty Of the lower and inferior
beings"
This estimate Of WORK h elaborated In a
chapter on Work and Morals. which the
author seems TO regard A. HIS chief add
ton to Nietzscheism. He takes the word
work In an economic scnss. A. n purely
human and social phenomenon quite
different from the spontaneous. instinc-
tive activities of animals In satisfying their
momeutary Needs Those acts which
call work are stinGuished a. involving
compulsion. dificulty and voluntary ~
op2osed Co spontaneous attention. About
such acts he has many unpleasant things
To saw. WORK lowers. mutilAtes and
hrutalizes- ~. sEass n the natural and
superior state Of both primitive and mod
ern man. a. n shown RiIegorcaily In the
Bible, where work n represented a. the
result of a fall and q divine curse. Work
u originally r~puGnant to all. however
much custom may DELIBERATE the feeling.
and the higher spirited and more virils
an individual IL the intenser his repug-
nance We have % he broken To IL by
"ltmita tons. dlminutions. paths and penal
ties IL deforms mind and body; the
voluntary atteutiOn which IL 10 tnstFtI-
m~ns IL akin tn Inonoideism and almost .
disease of the intellect. The southern
nations are right in having a certain CON
tempt for will mower coastAncy and ten
acity- and Identifying them With -oTne do
Nre- ~ Obtis~Oe~s. while. on the other
hand they have a high opinion Of free.
a A. hna ali Ia l.S~l1a
sabl work ~ foFs I'd upon the weaker anu
l--- capable NY the ari-tOcrst. the strong
man.
th., uncomfortable origin 81 this social
fact whi' II In opposition to nature.
-'rh. diffusion 20 work must hnv" taken
pllo" with ii.rc', battles aud painful crises
The uhie-tiug e Iho-e haTtlarous naturca.
thu-., i-,ii.-- habituat..d To- N" greatest
lh..rty. IN, restraining 70 those powerful
and l+--tl,l appetit~s. thu-'' savage and
carnnI tsnclenci.-r q hitherto unhrill'di
lust: ,h- setting 81 this animal lazins-s "a
labor. attention ami chori al ihls was
not done in a day ur without IN" -pilltnR
Of much blOod. This coerciOu was fnT,-si
on man Nv external circumstances, ths
nigga, dimes of nature, but u found iis
agents IN each community among the
s.rUna. Who used every means in th"iI
power To compel the feeble to the task.
.Ssra admits. however. that all social
progress has come fran In" workers.
/ from the lower c.a sses rpurT,-d on bv the
stimulant of grief to whstsvcT Is n"N.
OF. a. the old saying has u. -n.c~--ity -
the mother OF inventiun- 1T may there
{ fore be said that the humble. the weak.
the incapable. erTing and morbid are the
fActitivc and creative elements OT prog
re--- He remarks that many so-calied
I great men showed considerable delicacy
in infancy. being weak and sickly IN
health. IL may even he affirmed tina the
notable size and weight % the brains oI
! great men are signs Of the residue Of
an old hydrocephAlus." Hut since so
cial progress is after all only an sdapta-
ton of Ourselves 10 the mena gerie cags
and n growth in trtck accomplishments,
- Ia speak. this admission with regard
10 work does not much improve its case.
Z t. vrkme uO~r Faaa.a 70,