davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Dickinson press., 1910-11-12

street and the sulky republican ma
chimes. in seeking to humiliate Roose-
welt by defeating Stimson. are therefore
guided more by hatred than by reason.
for they are really taking steps to make
more probable ,he outcome they most
deplore. Immediately, however, and
in the state. they will gain. They will
have a fair prospect to get race track
gambling back, to take away the powers
of the public service commission. and
to enjoy for two wears at Albany the
life Of peace which they lost when the
e%overnorship passed into the hands -..of
Charles Evans Hughes. About the i'm
mediate outcome we offer no prediction.
1t all depends on how much the quiet
man in New York state cares and un-
derstands. Wall street has gone down
into its pocket for all the money that
Tammany cares to request, and what
campaign subscriptions there are on the
other side are in little sums. many of
them for a dollar.
The Dickinson press., 1910-11-12
'.Lehish.

George A. Malone is to be the new
postmaster.
Otto Chamberlain is hauling his flax
to the Lehigh elevator,
The Malone children have been ill the
past, week and were unable to attend
school.
Adjt. Gen. A. F. Peake and J. f.
Brodie were business callers in Lehieh
on Sunday. #ta E
The elevator is kept busy these days,
receiving grain from the farmers. The
grain is hoisted by electric power. gen.
Grated at the Consolidated Coal Co.
plant. y
The following acted on the election
board on Tuesday: Farrell F. Reilly,
Otto Chamberlain. P. F. Stuhs. VIM.
Reilly and Geo. A. Malone. The last
two acted as clerks.
Pete Pelissier was at Lehiah. Sunday
evening. He displayed more generosity
than most candidates, as he brought the
Dickinson band and the beautiful strains
If popular music awoke the little village
and every one enjoyed the playing very
much. @
The Dickinson press., 1910-11-12

Unlimited amount of money to loan
onfirst real estate mortgages. Williams
Bros. Taylor, N. D. 8.I2-tf
The Dickinson press., 1910-11-12
Taylor

Unlimited amount of money to loan
on6rst real estate mortgages. Williams
Bros. Taylor, N. D. 8.I2-tf
Mrs. "A. F. Russell of Miner, N. D.,
visited her husband here a few days.
Miss Annie Olson of Brewster, MIMI,
is staying al the E. j. Fisher home.
Sam Brand is out on a trip through
the Bad Lands buying cattle.
A. F. Tollard is here for a visit with
his daughter. Mrs. J. 3. Waters.
j. 8. Waters shipped a carload of
cattle to Chicago this week.
Mrs. W. A. Mcclure of Dickinson was
down election day. %canvassing votes for
Miss Nolan.
Miss Nora Wilson OF Richardson was
the guest of Cora Royce Saturday and
Sunday.
Rose Magelky of Marshall left here
Saturday for Dickinson, where she will
assist at the home of Attorney Simpson.
Chas. Sibbert, who resides north of
town, is quarantined for infantile
paralysis. From lates. reports he is
getting along nice.
Miss Kittie Gabe, who has spent the
summer months at different points in
Wisconsin. returned home Wednesday
evening.
The ladies of the Norwegian Lutheran
church of Taylor will hold their annual
sale and supper at the section house.
November IS. Supper will be served
from S 80 to 8 90 p. m. Sale will COM
mence at 8 o'clock sharp. All are
cordially invited.
John Knudson and family have
vacated their former residence aud are
renting the Siverts house. E. j. Fisher.
who has lived on a quarter section
north of Taylor has purchased the Knud-
son property and is moving in this week.
The Dickinson press., 1910-11-12

The sale of fancy and useful articles
held by the Scandinavian Ladies' Aid
at Andrew Olson's on October 81 was
we'll attended and a neat sum of money
was Melted by the society.
W. H. Ware is preparing to thresh
his flax this week. He raised $50
bushels of wheat off from 80 acres.
which is considered a good yield for
this year.
The infant child of MI. and Mrs. Fred
Gillette of Midway died October 3oth.
after an existence Of only a few days.
The funeral services were held on Mon
day. October 81. The baby was q grand
child of Mr.. and Mrs. Theodore Hayes.
Thomas Stafford of Desart wal in
town last Thursday on business. Themes
keeps his eyes and ears open and is
always ready to give the Herald some
interesting items about the good people
in his neiehborhood.
P. L. Lewis. who lives near the east
Rainy butte. was in town on business
Saturday. He had so acres of wheat
that yielded better than 10 bushels to
the acre. His oats went about IS
bushels to the acre and he cut part of
his crop for hay.
John Carstens reports that his granary
was recently robbed of nearly $50
bushels of oats. This is no small loss
and oats will be hard to buy before
another crop is raised. A man wouldn't
have to steal more than ten bushels OF
oats mex spring to be guilty, of grand
~larceney.
The Dickinson press., 1910-11-12
New England

VIM. Lobdell wat up from Regent the
FIRST of the week on business.
Sheriff Henry Barry was in town last
Saturday. delivering the ballots for. the
general election.
Mr.. and Mrs. w. S. Gallup are the
proud parents of a daughter born Tues
DAY. November 1.
Otto Thress and William Weber made
a trip to Mott Wednesday to delive.
ballots from New England and Kunze
townships.
w. F. Griswold was in Mott Wednes-
dav to be on hand when the votes were
counted.
Geinvald o. Thorson, who was made
a ll-fedeed citizen several months
ago, cast his first ballot at the general
election Tuesday.
Mrs. E. J. Strang and daughter,
Thelma, have been on the sick list tcl
the past two weeks but are reported as
being much better.
Miss Annetta %eJacosheuk. who had
been doing. .stenographic work in Dick
inson for some. little time, arrived in
town Saturday to take a position az
%c0mpositor in the flerah office.
Martin Opheim was passing the cigars
last Thursday evening and we all
smoked to the health of the first boy
born in District No. 4 Of the village Of
New England. g
Hilbert Chellson of Mandan, district
organizer for the Yoemen, has been in
town the past week. securing several
new candidates for the local ofganiza-
ton. H
c. A. Vadnie finished his plowina
operations last week and has housed
his steam rig for the winter. He lief,
the latter part of the week for Hope. N.
D.. where he will spend a part of the
winter.
P. A. Beck has been busy for the
past two weeks installing the heating
plant at the new Gardner hotel. The
next job will be the heating plant al
the Gardner Kinnamon store and hall
building.
The Dickinson press., 1910-11-12
LION FONDLEs A CHILD

In Pittsburg a savage lion sfondled the
hand that a child thrust into his cage.
Danger to a Child is sometimes great
when least regarded. Often it comes
through Colds, Group ard Whooping
Cough Thew slay thousands that Dr..
Kings New Discovery could have saved.
lew doses cured our baby of a very
bad case of Group" writes Mrs. George
b. Davis of Flat Rock, N. C. "We al.
ways give it toshim when he takes cold,
It's a wonderful medicine for babies
Best for Coughs, Colds. LaGrippe, Asth.
ma, Hemorrhages, Weak Lungs. zoe.
SI!oo. Trial bottle free. Guaranteed BY
T. ]. Greene 4 Co.
The Dickinson press., 1910-11-12

James A. Eslick. proprietor of the
Imperial hotel and Justice of the peace
at Belield, was elected president of the
new village council. Mr.. Eslick is one
Of the Oldest inhabitants OF Stark
county. a conservative business man,
and he will give Belield a clean ad-
ministration so far as it may be in his
power to do. The citizens of Bel6eld
also elected two other old timers to office
in the recent election. namely, John
Oyhus, marshall and [. A. Nelson, as
SCISSOR. Both are good capable men.
The Dickinson press., 1910-11-12
RAIDER Township

MI. and Mrs. Alex Muth are the
proud parents Of a baby girl.
Miss Tillie Wildins is visiting Mrs.
John Luhman this week.
Rev. Eugene Ali conducted services
at Christ's Church last Sunday.
Election was held in school No. 3
Tuesday. T~hirty-two. voters were pre-
sent. -
]. F. Riemer has returned 10 his home
at Fairwater. Wisconsin,, after spending
q month with W. J. Motley.
A number of the young people will
attend the dancing party at Chas.
Rieman's this Saturday, evening.
The Ladies Social Club met with Mrs.
Lars Tanbere Thursday and spent q
very pleasant afternoon and partook Of
q bountiful lunch.
Anton Kubista. will soon move his
family to Dickinson. He has sold his
farm to a Mr.. Roller who will take
possession as soon as the former leaves.
Mr.. and Mrs. Nuns Munson. who have
been visiting her parents. Mr.. and
Mrs. Tanberg, have returned to their
home at Fayette. Orly johnson and
Albert Martinson accompanied them
and will spend some time visiting at
Fayette.
There has been more buildings
erected in this township this yea
than Inv other. Christ Eggers anC
Andreas Herf have each erected new
houses. George Luhman. Frank Bzost
and Ignatz Muth j new barns, Georg,
Thompson. a granary and machine
shed combined, and W. J. Motley, {
farm elevator. the first one to be erected
in Stark county,
The Dickinson press., 1910-11-12
WoopMEH LECTURE

Thomas Duffy, national lecturer oil
Modern Woodmen of America, will be
at the !. O. o. F. hall on Wednesday
evening. November %. in the interest
of the Modern Woodman order, and it
is hoped that he will have a large audi
ence, IN that evening. As is generally
known, this order is the cheapest and
the largest fraternal insurance organi-
zaticn in the world.
The Dickinson press., 1910-11-12
METHODIST CHURCH

Sunday, November 10. Preaching SER
vices at 1903 % a.. m. and 7 80 D. m.
Sunday school at II AS. Epworth
League at 6 80 p. m, leader Rev. F. L.
Watkins.
Prayer meeting 7 80 Wednesday.
Watch for the Ladies' Aid society fair
and supper.
f. L. WATKINS, Pastor.
The Dickinson press., 1910-11-12

CHRISTIAN SCIENCE SERVICES
Every Sunday at ii 100 a. m. services
at Odd Fellows Hall over the Davis
furniture store. Sunday November Is,
Subject 'Mortals and Immortals."
The Dickinson press., 1910-11-12
CONGREGATIONAL CHURCH

Sunday. November IS, 10 80 a. N.
morning worship and sermon. II AS
q. m. Sunday school. $50 p. m.
Christian Endeavor meeting. 7:30 p.
m. SONG service and sermon.
Wednesday 1880 mid-week meeting
for prayer and Bible study.
A. C. HACKE. Minister.
Pike County press. (Milford, Pa.) 1895-1925, 1910-09-30

Two Philadelphia women - Ger
man descent have built up n leas
than ten years an extensive whole
sale business as the result ot an cr,ai-
nal Investment in stocks that took .
capital Of exactly Si.SA.
The stocks are not q the dad that
are listed on exchanges o. dsalt IN
on the ourh. but os the hsnd that Nun-
en- wear about their nechs O1s a ~
women vas somewhat HstlSssly nah
ing a stock for her own adornment
one day when she suddenly aaolsim-
ed. II
Il wish could make some money .
Why not do for pay what you are
now doing for amusement" said q
friend who sat by.
The idea took. The young women
and a cousin bought tI.25 worth of
material. made several stocks ana
had no difficulty In selling them.
That was the beginning of bust
ness that has since occupied the Vhols
time of both partners. For iwhIls
one Of them who drew pretty well vaa
the designer OF the Arm. As business
grew II was more economical 10 era-
ploy a well paid designer VINO could
give his whole time to that part Of
the work
BY this time the partners had BE-
gun to employ girls to do the actual
making OF the stocks. At nrst the
work was done by few girls In Phiia-
delphia. The number OF employees
increased and II became good business
to establish branch houses, for by this
time the trade OF the partners was
Wholesale instead Of retail. Houses
were established in Baltimore, New
York. Chicago. st. Louis. ana ne bust
ness went on growing.
By this time the two partners gave
themselves wholly TO. the management
Of the business and the purchase Of
materials. They DOW go twice a year
to Europe TO study modes and buy
materials. they have several well paid
designers and the persistence OF the
fashion OF wearing stocks has kept
the business constantly ACTIVE Apf
profitable. a.
Success also has given the partners
confidence and they feel thOt tAee
are not at the mercy OF the eaprtclous
Partisan milliners who Set he modes
Of the world. II womea erit wearing
stocks the partners will suIu and taxa
up something else. =
Meanwhile the psrtneFe hAvs AAd .
busy and happy life. with an almost
constantly Increasing income aAA .
broadening horizon. They have built
for themselves q comfortable home IN
the upper part Of Philadelphia sn6
they sec almost every year . 0ood
deal Of the European worlA ThsS
had no more expectation OF . bntl-
hess career ten years ago tAAF > bus
dred thousand other girls IN tAsir Ra-
tive city.
Pike County press. (Milford, Pa.) 1895-1925, 1910-09-30
TIE AMERICAN HUSBAND.
BY Anna A. Rogers.

The American masculine claim Of
the least Justify such n condition.
Frenchmen support their wives and
still find time to go shopping with
them too; Englishmen do likewise.
and find energy left to place their
sons in school. energy to watch keen
ly the love-affairs of their daughters.
unhesitatingly bidding this or that
man be gone; moral courage and ply
steal vitality left after the days work
to be in fact as well as fancy 'the
head of the house" They have the
wisdom to leave hours for play, for
pure boyishhess Of living. And all
this may be observed in the same
middle class that with US turns the
whole issue over to the wife. expect
ing Of her all wisdom. though know
ing her sheltered youth, and all vital
ity. to run increasingly and unaided
the whole machinery of the family
No wonder our women have "nervesl"
No wonder they are becoming more
and more restless lone of the first evil
dences of strain). more and more dis
contented as time passes Masculine
kindness to our women is sometimes
50 tangled up with selhshness that
there is some confusion regarding
them.
Not that our men want the money
after which they are striving for
themselves. for their pleasures. They
do not They are almost notoriously
generous. Our rich men give. give,
give. to their wives, their children,
to colleges. to hospitals, to churches.
until the whole world is amazed at
their generosity.
Pike County press. (Milford, Pa.) 1895-1925, 1910-09-30


NesvousnSss eaA Ss FeaHPd ~ tdREp-
Ing Ne habit - hRsatAing Ass9 anA
lsaG aAA sAS nhaAleal aAt AaEiiV pre-
DeFIets \ - ~ ouAa41l,p ~ RsSHae4
vongA Al uAasass 80 AaeNSaablS
hi9A'<AssASa sAA lsep fsp4 - ~
'ehrouAc csugAinS apeiiR. n 10 boeAuss
they have learnst 70 breathe from
the waist Instead Of the top Of the
luEga. &c tha majority q people do
To breathe tSepiy Is 10 stimulate the
heart and er0ulstion- Il meana =
full. high chest. and lbrQad shouldsFs.
1t means practical immunity from the
dangers inaarro1 by exposure. It
means . UoOd carriage and Well-DOised
head And best Of all. & means per-
feet HtNsieal hSAlth.
Pike County press. (Milford, Pa.) 1895-1925, 1910-09-30
Notes and
Comment
WAY woMgN po nor MANN.
Gertrude Atherton Says the "eharpI
ened lntelIects" Of Modern Girls
Eneouraoe Indeoendano..
of Interest 70 woman Reaasr.

Encourage Independence.
Leaving entirely out OF the question
the substantial.improvem demand.
ed by the suffragIsts. and those Ill
balance children of their old age
called suffragettes, there are certain
more intimate disadvantages pertain.
ing to the immemorial status Of wom-
an. which. unconsciously or otherwise,
Influence the thousands Of girls that
deliberately enter upon the iadspond-
eut life before man shall have q
chance to marry, desert. neglect or
bore them. II Is possible that the
woman never lived who was born
without the instinct for romantic love,
and its less romantic sequels. marri-
age and maternity, says Gertrude
Atherton In The Delineator. Being
the only hope of the race until sci
ence learns to manufacture estimable
FTankensteins. eveTy sort OF woman.
when young. is as prone 70 the dis
ease Of love as to the microbous af-
flictions Of childhood; but the sharp
ened inteilects oil the modern female
teach her to observe not only that
indulgence IN the primitive blessings
Is often productive OF tame happi-
ness at best, bu. that Il is mere
chance II she does not waste several
years of her active youth waiting for
some man to exert his inalienable
right TO WOO and propose.
A man may trample down barriers,
make opportunities. persist. over.
whelm. but a woman, with double the
fascination and intelligence, must
either stoop to contemplate scheming
or proudly bide her time. as likely
as not to miss her one chance OF hap
piness because circumstances do not
give her the opportunity TO reveal her
self TO the kindred spirit
II she can not pursue a man as a
man pursuss a woman when he wants
her; II she has not the supreme at
fractions which bring a man to a wom-
ans feet with a 1ash OF the eye, she
can at least avoid the mean subter-
fuges Of the busband-hunters, and
lead a hfe in which man as a love-
factor is practically eliminated. She
can also enjoy much the same privi-
leges as men, until. perhaps-who
knowsi-one day she may meet in
this larger. fuller life congenial.
many-sided creature who wants some
thing more than a reproduction of his
grandmother.
Pike County press. (Milford, Pa.) 1895-1925, 1910-09-30
ro keep MlIk Fresh In TravsIInn.

Pour the milk into a thoroughly
eleansed bottle. Then place the bot
tie. up TO the neck. in pan of water;
put it over the fire and allow the wa
ter in, the pan to come to a boil. Boil
steadily for fifteen minutes. then re-
move the bottle and close II immedi-
ately with a tight fitting cork. Dip
the cork and neck OF the bottle in a
solution of melted paraffine wax; this
will render IL positively air-tght The
milk will be found very fresh and
palatahle at the end OF twenty-four
hours. This method is invaluable for
mothers who have to plan a milk sup
ply for a young child. upon a long
journey.
Pike County press. (Milford, Pa.) 1895-1925, 1910-09-30

BY common consent the sreAtest
Of ali historians b Thueydtdes. the
Greek. eonAsmporary OF Pericles and
author Of TIE history Of the Pelopon-
nesiAn War. One of the greatest tri'
butes that can be paid TO him is that
according TO the estimate Of very
able critic, we have a more exact ac-
count OF a long and eventfrl period
by rhucydides than we have OF any
period in modern history, equally long
and sventful and yet all this is com
pressed into a single volume. For
concise. vigorous and yet intense pre-
sentatioA Thueydides has never been
equalled He Is easily the king Of
histoTians.
Pike County press. (Milford, Pa.) 1895-1925, 1910-09-30
snlence and the nlrI

Science seems disposed u spoil the
girl OF the present day. A famous doc.
tor has actually announced before the
august body OF the French Academy
of Science that 1t is unwise to rise the
moment one IL called. Girls who have
been dancing half the night will re-
ioice In the knowledge that they are
only acting for the best when they
refuse TO get up in the morning as
soon as they are called.
The proper plan is 10 treat the an
nouncement that the oath is ready
with the contempt It deserves for ful-
ly twenty minutes for. says this
worthy doctor. to get up at once and
energeucally set about the business
OF dressing is actually dangerous TO
the health.
Pike County press. (Milford, Pa.) 1895-1925, 1910-09-30
eaoss,no A VvnGaGLr
~ NO,ua st Walsh ~ osd spesVss
oAeN May eease se eoxeeA.

saoN hay Geese - oOSoPA.
4 Cont suppose I'm more sanae;
stitteus thAA most fOlks.s GaAl M.
aanAbaek. ~ySt I mover eFoss &
lan0Al TAoro's an Old superstilaei
thAt 10 Do this brings bad hack
Aont knov whether rSeraia because
e ths fear or because erOas,RG 4
euneral considering yOOg Ovn COO,
yoateacs nyst in thus AuFvyinS a0u.
ssaAs to show lack Of 'tAA propef
pespecs due the moarneFp; hut any.
way. ma myself inssinctively haitiRg
whoa 9 funeral comics along ana NOD
crossing over until 4 has passed.
though 20 not AlvAys vAit 'ios tie
vsTy end Of the procession
N5w ~ that drNvs near ! bnok
aloAG tie line ana VAsA I ees opmtaa
q cplEtass d whlch ~ Fea - ~.
tina ba0k OOmfmtahiT slnnkiAG hig
fat sAsAFu. Why l Asuge that thsss
men Aso not 20 FsAIly ~ 1tgulpl yneaHa,
ere Ans what Il sm n : heYsf I cas
pass A froAt q them ytfAopt fAlain6
under The. ban Of the u5eFStitiaA ~
committing any improprtetys1 n
Pike County press. (Milford, Pa.) 1895-1925, 1910-09-30
INTERVIEWING Az AcJnEss.
~ peprsssIns Effect uee~ . hsws
paper WoMan.

paper Woman.
Unless you have great moral eoug-
age said the ne~spaper woman,
don't ever visit young. pretty. pope
lar actress in her dressing Eoou.
There she sits, looking IS bEtiiiank -.
-oh. well-as sun and sea ana nov-
ers and sky and jewels and rAlnboWu
and every other brilliant thing yoS
can think OF. and thers yca sit look.
ing trOd and dilapidAtsd- ehs \
young and roaha and smooth. aAA ~
hayS ceased 70 EsmsmASs EopE birsA-
daya. Her bQFnisheA hair u cAPeiesS-
" tossed into the latest edocfs, WhfIs
the wind has whipped youF dust col
ored locks into ragged ends that look
like wisps OF hay-and feel about the
same. Her dressing table CLEANS
with silver and crystal, and your shop
ping bag Is SO old II has turned gray
on all the edges. Her embroidered
silk hmono scarcely conceals huRy
masses of finest lawn and lace and
dainty Parisian lingerie. Your old
cravenette coat scarcely conceaia
your dusty old serge skirt. Her tiny
toes are thrust carelessiy into satin
mules; Har big. ciumping. wide soled
pumps MA far too full Of feet and
are covered with the dust Of the
street
Her makeup. appalling az II is at
close range. nevertheless produces an
effect of fresh brillianoy and marvel
GUS youth. You polse on the edge Of
her satin covered divan. and her mir.
ror heartlessly portrays your con-
monplace features. revealing ghastiy
shades Of petunia and wistaria that
you never dreamed you possessed In
your complexion. You try to smile
bravely at the reflection. but by the
side Of the bewitching. ioolights
smile OF Ia belle yours Is q more fac
ial contortion. You give II up, stare
gloomily. forget ali the questioos yoa
came TO ask her and hnAlly taxa your
departure. ehassned and subdued.
"Oh. yes. maybe It's good Tor you,
but don't ever do II unless you are
brave. You'll have to DO a great many
hne. heroic deeds Afterward before
you can feel that you have a risht ts
be above the sod. d.--NeW YOsk PrSaL
Pike County press. (Milford, Pa.) 1895-1925, 1910-09-30

An suthSEity o. alesAd stiih Ays
that tASFS are 3o.0eo naSn selils IN
operaAiSn o. - many farma \ osf-
many. The 0esnAn gOvasnnsnt DsF-
mifa tie iaSusr 70 ReOasoo . certain
AuSOunt ot gaia o. potato abeoAol tha
amount dSDeadin6 apea ths sAsS ~
locA4sqa oe tie faVn - ~ AAapAi
demAnd tOr the prodshet 1Dna tAa
payment q . reduced Psgeaus tax
AheOhoi tlstiile4 In Saosss a ehS
0ukatity allowed y Suhsoos - TIE
AsAsF raes q taHAttoA Da4atsrya
atSoAsl hDVSvSS. h nA 1aAtsst =
any -
Pike County press. (Milford, Pa.) 1895-1925, 1910-09-30
FRENCH METHOD OF
KEEPING BUTTER FRESH.

AS soon as the butter is
churned put into an earthen
jar, cover with filtered water to
a depth Of two finger breadths.
place Jar in the cellar or other
cool place and let stand for
twenty-four hours; throw away
the water. cut the butter into
pieces the size of small apples
and after wetting the hands In
cold water press into oval
shape. Extract as much of the
buttermilk as possible, then
throw into a pan or jar of cold
water and set in the cellar.
This water must be changed
every day and twice a week
the butter must be reworked.
Norman farmers keep their but
ter In this way all winter. sell.
ing 1t as fresh.
Pike County press. (Milford, Pa.) 1895-1925, 1910-09-30

each end and rods running up to the
side of the window to further
strengthen its position. The box is
made Of wire gauze with a solid lid.
thus permitting a free current Of air
through 1t. yet protecting the con-
tents from flying and creeping marau-
ders. Where space is at premium
the advantages Of this device are
readily apparent Aside from this
the window box will be found to be
a great saver of ice, as the necessity
for that commodity will be materially
reduced.
Pike County press. (Milford, Pa.) 1895-1925, 1910-09-30

Mr.. N. P. Fenwick. Jr.. notices a
curious custom in Iceland OF deposit
ing written verses on a cairn, to, be
found by the next passerby. He
translates one 50 found by himself as
follows: Il am sitting here late and
early; hungry and cold / linger, Sim
cere friend. will you not warm the
old one?" The reference Is to an old
er0ne supposed b fnhabit Lhe calua-