Semi-weekly herald., 1910-03-14


the necessity OF the orchard heater.
After proper site has been Sc
lected the land should be put in good
tilth by deep blowing. and It would
help matters II n hoed crop. like po-
tatoes, had preceded the preparation
OF the land.
In our county irrigation is factor
to be considered, so the ground should
be properly leveled and the rows run
on proper grade TO admit OF proper ir-
rIgation.
Now, we are ready for the trees,
and In this county--for commercial
purposes-the winter apple and the
pear viii be the most profitable. They
VIII make more money, and can be
handled and shipped with less injury
and loss than the other fruits.
OF the winter apples the Wagner,
Mcintosh Red, Northwestern Greening,
Delicious and Black Ben all do well
In our climate and are good sellers.
Two of these varieties are sufficient
for commercial orchard.
OF the pear the Bartlett is the best
seller, and probably the most profita-
BILE to grow. II attains a high de.
gree OF perfection here.
All the best growers now agree that
the best number one yearling tree
Ia the most desirable to set out 1t
Ia more apt TO grow; easier to handle;
can be headed lower, and affords bet
ter opportunity for the grower to shape
his tree to suit his fancy
As soon as the trees are received
from the nursery they should be heel
ed-in near the place of planting. A
ltench should be dug about eighteen
inches deep and eighteen to twenty
four inches wide: cut the bundles and
spread the trees out. Set them in an
upright position in the trench. and
Immediately fill in with loose, fine dirt,
to cover the roots. Then throw in
enough water so that the fine dirt can
run IN and around the small roots.
After the water has settled sufficient
Iy place some more fine dirt about the
trees. Then press the dirt gently
around the trees SO that the wet dirt
about the roots will fill all spaces
and keep out the air. Then put some
more fine dirt over all as mulch.
The trees may be placed quite thick
ly in the trench, care being taken to
keep ONT the air from the roots.
In this condition the trees can re
main n number of days, but it is best
10 get them planted in the perma-
nent orchard as soon as the growing
season will permit, as It is quite I'M
sortant to get a young tree started
early, and good growth in the early
part of the first year.
Now we are ready for the planting
In the permanent orchard In the
first place the land should be all stalk
ed out, and stake set where each
tree is to be placed.
There are two methods of planting
One is what we call ION the square"
and the other "on the diamond" The
latter Will be the most economical.
as you can place from 10 to 10 per
cent more trees on a given piece of
land than you can by planting on the
orchards are planted on the square.
At our attitude trees bear younger and
grow slower than they do in lower
'altiiudes, or whore SEASONS are longer
That is, our trees are more dwarfish
in their nature and precocious in their
habits. For that reason they may be
planted closer than in places where
tthe seasons are longer.
Apples may be planted here from
26 TO 80 feet apart each way in the
row. and pears may he planted about
20 or % feet each way IN row.
When the proper distance has been
decided upon, the ground should be
staked off, stakes being set on the
outer edge of the orchard the desired
distance, so the stakes so placed can
he used to sight in every direction
All the rest of the stakes may be
placed in proper position by sighting
in each direction, and should be per
feci1y true. so that when the orchard
is planted on the square the rows will
line up in every direction, stake
being placed wherever tree is de
sired. Then take a fourinck strip o!
board abont four feet in length; cut
Sotch on one edge al the center
equal distance from each end; then
bore hole at the center of each END
equal distance from the end. This
Is gauge by which to set the trees
When you are ready to dig the hole.
for the trees. take this gauge and
place the notch at the center edge
where the stake Is representing tn,
ttree. Then place u stake through
each hole in the end of this gauge
Lift up the gauge, take out the stake
where the tree is to stand and dig
the hole for the tree.
The hole should be dug proper
depth and size so that the tree may
be placed about two inches deeper