davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The progressive farmer and southern farm gazette. (Starkville, Miss.) 1910-1920, 1910-01-29
$500 More a Year FARMING: How to Get II
By Producing the Crops at Less Cost.
By Producing the Gro
BY TAFT Butler.

reducing the cost Of their production
does not receive the attention II
merits. AS general rule II does not
cost too much to produce our crops
because we live extravagantly. nor
because We pay too high prices for
labor. 1t is not because we have too
much money invested in equipment
nor because OF extravaganza in the
quality or amount of the tillage Civ
en- the crops; but because we have
neglected TO give due consideration
to the two most important factors In
determining the cost OF crop produc-
ton, the effectiveness of the human
worker and the fertility of the soil
The Southern farmer is generally
economical; but his economies are In
small things, while he is extravagant
OF human labor and neglectful Of
that most important OF all factors In
crop growing. the productive capac-
ity Of the land.
We Can Double the Efficiency Of
Human Labor.
To the farmer who has been fol-
lowing the generally accepted meth
DDS OF cultivating the crops, II may
appear impossible to SO manage that
each laborer can do twice the amount
OF work he now does. In a few cases
where proper methods are now used.
1t will not be possible TO make such
an Improvement, but very generally
in fact, almost universally through
out the South, 1t Is entirely practi-
cable to double the efficiency OF each
farm worker. In looking over the
figures submitted by large number
of farmers as to the cost Of produc-
ing cotton, we have been struck with
the variations in the cost of doing
the same thing For instance, we
find the variations in the cost OF
blowing or breaking the land range
from 81 to $50 per acre. In this
case it is possible that the variations
in cost indicate different quality OF
work, but such variations actually
The progressive farmer and southern farm gazette. (Starkville, Miss.) 1910-1920, 1910-01-29

exist In the cost OF doing the same
qaulity of work. In fact the man
who breaks the land cheaply is more
than likely to be the one who does
the best work: for in blowing. the
farmer who uses three horses TO the
man. with a large pillow. usually does
better blowing at less cost per acre.
Again, we find bedding the land
costs from 37hc. an acre to s2c.
an acre. while others do not bed the
land at all. Different conditions
may necessitate different methods.
but the man who goes twice. or as Is
more frequently done. four times
across a field 10 make a bed, when
once Is sufficient. Is extravagant of
human labor. the most expensive fac
tor in crop production.
We also find that some give one
hoeing, while others give three, and
that the cost OF hoeing varies from
40c. to $3.50 an acre. The cost OF
cents per acre. The greater cost for
this work does not indicate that one
man does for 90 cents as much work
40 another accomplishes with GO
cents, but II does show a variation
in methods, and. as a matter OF fact.
the man who spends 60 cents an
acre for narrowing and 40 cents an
acre for hoeing. usually does more
and better work than the man who
spends $50 for hoeing and 90 cents
for narrowing. and does II at little
over half the cost.
The man who spends 33 Ia cents
an acre for chopping. while another
spends 81 has evidently employed n
different method. and even though
we can not conclude that the entire
difference is saved In the total cost
OF making the crop. we can see the
opportunity for a possible change OF
methods which may lesson the cost
OF growing the crop.
Finally, we find the number OF cul-
tivations varying from one to six and
the cost OF each cultivation ranging
from 80 cents to rs cents per acre.
The Best Way Often the Cheapest.
These facts show that we are not
agreed as TO methods OF cultivation
and further study shows that those
who cultivate best usually do II at
the least cost per acre. They ac-
complish these results by reducing
the man labor. which is expensive
and substituting therefor machine
The progressive farmer and southern farm gazette. (Starkville, Miss.) 1910-1920, 1910-01-29

and horse labor which Is compare
ally more efficient
On these same figures on tho cost
of cotton production We find that IL
costs the average farmer SIS TO cul-
uvate an acre. allowing fair wages
for man and teams and a moderate
rental. Since IL takes about AZ
acres to make a bale OF cotton. this
gives a cost OF $3.50 bale TO
which must be added the Goa, OF tho
fertilizers when such are used
IL Is quite possible TO reduce these
fixed or regular expenses per acre for
cultisating the crop. but even su-
perficial consideration OF the subject
will reveal that Increasing tho pro-
dueing ability of the soil offers a far
greater opportunity for reducing tho
cost OF growing given quantity OF
crop.
We Must Increase Our Yields tn tho
Acre.
tons OF the case with which tho pro-
ducing powers OF Southern aolls can
be doubled and trebied. and tho sim
pie force OF this increased soil fer
Utility as means OF reducing tho
cost OF production and thereby in
creasing the profits. would seem TO
be sufficient TO arouse every tiller
OF the soil to the Importance of soil
Improvement IL is 80 plainly the
most important subject for Southern
farmers that IL seems almoa, childish
to repeat IL. but the strange fact re-
mains that We have as yet done
practically nothing towards reducing
the cost OF production OF our crops
by an intelligent system OF soil i'm
provement.
We must have greater profits. We
can only get them by reducing the
cost OF production or by increasing
the price. The fixing OF the price ia
largely beyond our control: but the
cost OF production can be reduced nv
better methods OF cultivation and in
crease the soil fertility. Both OF
these are problems with which the
individual farmer must deal, but as
yet they have received little serIous
and intelligent consideration. These
are our problems. here are our op-
portunities. Shall we continue TO
neglect them or shall we give them
practical consideration and reap the
rewards?
The progressive farmer and southern farm gazette. (Starkville, Miss.) 1910-1920, 1910-01-29

II there is any one who makes us good
and tired IL is the fellow who will not improve
his methods of farming lest there should be an
"over-production' of farm products. over-produe-
ton indeed, with Southern children living on
corn bread. Western bacon and black molasaes.
when they should have vegetables and fruits and
butter and eggs every day In the year. The great
trouble is non-production of many things that
should be staples every farm.
The progressive farmer and southern farm gazette. (Starkville, Miss.) 1910-1920, 1910-01-29
lJ -
= He PROFIT made from any
j productive enterprise is deter
/ v,,yptod hv tho two 70 cforS cost


XXI productive enterprise is deter
%J minted by the two factors, cost
of production and selling price. Apart
from the comparatively slight and
temporary interference exerted oc-
casionally by combinations of dealers
and spectators, the prices of all
farm products are very largely regu-
hated by supply and demand.
With reference to farm products,
any other means Of regulating or
controlling the selling price is made
especially difficult owing to the large
number of producers and the great
diversity in their conditions and i'm
mediate interests. Moreover, the
vital or basic relations Of farm pro-
ducts to the maintenance of the race
make it difficult. IL not impossible.
to force their price above a certain
moderate figure. Products which
are essentialSto the life of the people
can net be put at price which the
masses are not able to pay. The
prices, therefore. of farm products
are entirely beyond the control Of
the individual farmer and only
slightly within the control OF farm
ers collectively.
Why Our Crops Cost Us too Much.
On the other hand, the cost OF pro-
duction is within the control OF the
individual farmer to such an extent
that one man may, under very SINH
lar conditions, the same season and
in the same section, produce crop
for one-half or even one-fourth what
1t costs another. In other words, in
crop production, the single factor OF
management-the man-very fire.
quently so reduces the cost as tc
yield a liberal profit to one man
while others suffer loss.
The cost of producing most Of ouI
crops is too high, but the problem OF
The next article in this series will be: "Prepar
ing the Work Stock and Implements for the Spring
Work"
The progressive farmer and southern farm gazette. (Starkville, Miss.) 1910-1920, 1910-01-29

No fruit on your farm7 Then there Is some
thing the matter with the farmer.
The progressive farmer and southern farm gazette. (Starkville, Miss.) 1910-1920, 1910-01-29

The next article in this series will be: 'Prepar-
ing the Work Stock and Implements for the Spring
Work"
The progressive farmer and southern farm gazette. (Starkville, Miss.) 1910-1920, 1910-01-29
Professor Massey's
Editorial Page.
How to Get Good Seeds for the Garden.

- \ WANT TO emphasize what the Editor sal
w in the Garden Special about the need c
~ good seed in the garden Not merely see
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1910-02-04
ATTORNEYS ARE ENJoINED
No Further Action In swopc Case Till
Court Decides Legal status.

Kansas City. Mo-, February 3.-Cour
action abruptly closed a day of lega
warfare in tho Swope case wher
Judge Erumbach. of tho Circuit Court
to-day enjoined attorneys representing
Dr. D. b. Hyde. and the persons
against whom he has pending a damage
suit for 100000 from taking further
dcpositions fl the suits until the court
has determined the legal status of the
claims of each side Attorneys FOR
both sides claim the right of priority
in taking dcpositions.
New facts regarding the life and
habit OF the late Colonel Thomas II.
Swope were brought out when the
deposition of S. W. Spangler. an office
partner of the millionaire. was taken
by Frank P. Walsh. representing DR..
Hyde. Mr.. Spangler told OF the visits
of an unidentified woman to the office
and how she brought broth for Colonel
Swope to eat. Mr.. Swope refused to
cat the broth, Mr.. Spangler said.
"A short time before his death. COL
onel swope told me he did not believe
he had long to live" said Mr.. Spang-
ler TT was soon after he had quit
drinking. He said he did not ex-
pcct to live more than ninety days. ]
pressed him for reason for his be-
lief. He said an uncle OF his drank
for many years, and when he QUIT his
death followed soon.''
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1910-02-04
INJURED BY LIME EXPLOSION

In Trying Out New Cnlcimine Process
Two Arc Tcnrfully wounded.
Norfolk. VA, February 3.-As the
result of an explosion Of a ynt of lime
mt the shops Of tho scnbonrd Air Line
Hallway, in Portsmouth, to-day, George
CnrstinG nnd s. j. Pclzngcr arc In
Norfolk Protestant Hospital, mud will
lose their cycsight, should they not
die.
The workmcn were In the net Of
pouring tub OF water In the vat OF
lime to make calciminc by now
process not before tried mt the shops,
when the explosion occurred. They
were knocked upward and back kward
for nearly twenty feet, and were SO
bcspnttercd with lime TINT they were
Understandable MS human beings when
picked up. Their faces were plastcrcd
over with the burning mixture, which
Ind nlso hccn forced into their open
eyes, mouths md nostri1s.
Their condition IL snid to be hope.
less.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1910-02-04
PAULHAN IN ACCIDENT
Narrowly Escapes Death When Biplnne
IA Wrecked.

| Denver. COL, February 3.Louis
Paulfan had narrow escape from dcatl
to-day when his Farnan biplane col
| llded with tho fence guarding the race
| track at Overland Park, smashing
through 1t, and came down In "A heap
OF wreckage on the track. Paulhan
was thrown lieadlong. but beyond q
severe shaking up, escaped unharmed.
Before the accident, Paulhan had
successfully guided his machine up
INTO the mountain air and had cir
lilnes. He then came to the ground,
and II was announced that the aviator
would attempt to fly over the business
ulstflct OF Denver, three or four miles
away, and return. But tho runway for
ms machine. not over 140 yards In
ileneth and cranlpcd by the race track
renee and By an irriEatlng ditch run
nlng diagonally across the grounds,
proved too short. The machine left
the ground too close to the fence.
struck 1t, rebonndng and ricochetted
on me bank of the ditch, breaking one
OF me starting wheels. Pauhan shut
Off his motor and brought the machine
TO stop.
The machine was repaired and again
ra'lihan attempted a flight. The BIZ
plane was not three feet from the
ground when the end OF the runway
was reached, and the machine crashed
through the fence into the ditch, re.
bounced and came down, a mass OF
WrecRaSe Paulhan was fairly cata-
pulted from his seat, but he 1T in the
solt snow, escaping serious injury.
9oHen or more people were Knocked
down by the machine when IL tore
through the fence but no one was Sc
riously hurt
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1910-02-04
WRECKED MINE EXPLORED
No More Victims Add to Former Dcutl
L1st or 70.

No More Victims Add to Former Dcntl
I1st or 70:
Laredo. Tex, February 3.-worc
reaching this city to-day from Las Es
peranzas. Mexico. the scene Of yester
days mine explosion. indicates tina
the loss of life was practically as stat.
ed In the first reports OF the Associ.
ated Press. Tho rescuers have explored
all the workings of the mine situated
In the No. 8 level and brought out the
bodies of all victims.
Seventy five persons lost their lives.
All the victims were japanese or Mex
leans.
Many mine disasters have occurred
in the district, the latest prior to yes
terday's catastrophe happening two
years ago in the Barroteran field.
In the explosion at the Barroteran
mines 4S0 lives were lost. The natives
are superstitious and disliked to work
where death has previously reaped a
large harvest. To overcome short
age in workers, large numbers of Jap
anese miners have been imported
In Las Esperanzas tho day was de-
voted to tho burial Of victims. An in
quiry is said to have demonstrated that
the explosion was caused by the igni-
ton OF gas by spark from a miners
G. cigarette
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1910-02-04
NO CLUE TO ASSASSIN
Search for Footpad Who Killed DR..
Hickman Goes On.

Augusta, Ga. February 3.-There is
absolutely no clue to the murderer OF
Dr. W. c. Hickman. who was assassi-
mated by footpad in Summcrville, the
fashionable suburb Of Augusta, last
night. Chief of Police Elliott, OF this
city. however, declares that he has re-
cognized one article picked UP from
the route taken by the murderer. which
may guide him in his investigation.
He declines to say what this article
is. The total rewards for the capture
of the murderer viii foot up nearly
s4,50o. The coroner's inquest threw no
light on tho matter. The hloodhounds
failed last night to take the track.
Seven people taken into custody have
proved that they could have had no
connection with the affair. One other
arrest has been made in Aiken, S. c..
hut this suspect has not vet been cx-
mained by the police. There is the
most emphatic suppressed excitement.
The entire community Is exercised over
the affair. Tho funeral will be held
FRIDAY afternoon.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1910-02-04
MERIT MUST DECIDE
1nft Is an lct Undecided About New
Circuit Court JudEcship.
Especial to The Times.Dispatch.I

| Special to The Times DlSpat CHI
Washingt on. d. c., February s.
| President Taft has said that he has
| not made up his mind about the new
| Circuit Court judgeship. in which Vir-
ginia is very much Interested. The
men mentioned in connection with
the position will be considered from
the standpoint of merit, He has de-
clarcd that he will do in this case
as he has done in other judicial ap-
pointments. The names of those mem
Toned as probable candidates are;
Adam C. Carson. II, n. Prents, Ed
mund Waddill. Jrn a. j. Montague. III.
NJ. Anderson, Il, Lawrence Cironer and
Robert Hughes.
The list of persons spoken of in
connection with the Western district
attorneyship grows, L. T., Summers
and Ryrnes Gillespie are the latest.
The papers of George A. Revercomb
have been filed. and Thomas Lee Moore.
the incumbent, was on the ground to,
day. looking after his interests.
The Saunders Parsons contest was to
have opened before the subcommittee.
OF which Representative Miller Is
chairman. this morning. but on mo
tion the case was POSTPONED until to-
morrow. The first step, 1t is said. will
be the counting OF the ballots, Illlooks
now as II 1T would he some time be-
II, Ba c. b.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1910-02-04
MONUMENT UNVEILED
Tribute to Memory of Governor Goc-
bel, of Kentucky,

AhluuSG ~ ol NOc.
bel, of Kentucky.
Frankfort Ky, February 3.-The
unveiling of marble and bronze mon
umont above his grave in the state
cemetery here to-day was the feature
of the observance of the tenth ami
versary of the death of William Goe-
bel. the central figure in one of the
more exciting chapters in the latter
days of Kentucky's history.
Coincident with the statues unveil-
ing. Arthur Goebe, half-brother. who
spent his life in attempting to bring
the persons guilty of his brothers. as
sasslnation to Justice, and who died
jus. after his work had come to
naught. was buried beside his brother
If there was any evidences of par
tisan strife connected with the "Goe-
bel troubles" present during the cere-
monies, which were attended by the
Legislature in body. they Went un-
observed. A large gathering filled the
space around the monument. Former
Governor j. w. c. Beckham, who as
succeeded to the
executive chair at William Goebeps
death, acted as master of ceremonies.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1910-02-04
DOUBLE MURDER PROBABLE
Dcn,i Bndics OF NInn and Woman
Found In Room.

Eouuu III lkOOU.
Philadelphia, Pa, February S.-What
may have been a double murder, aeon
suminated suicide pact OF two sudden
deaths from natural causes, was dis
covered to-day. when the bodies OF
William Bohrer, prosperous lapidary
aged hfty-tive years, and an unidenti-
ned woman, about thirty years of age
were FOUND in IL room In the whole
sale Jcwciry trade section of this city
where they had lain probably for moro
than a month.
The room where tho bodies were
found was used by Boirer as sleep
ing apartment and adJoined his shop
on the third floor OF the small build
Inc lapidary. who had succeeded his
father in business many years ago, had
not been seen since Christmas. His
SON, after several attempts to find
MS father at home. to-day notified the
police, and a locksmith was sent for
and broke open the door.
Clothed only In their night robes
the bodies of the man and woman
We're found lying in the room. Boh-
rer's body was stretched face down
ward across a chair. while that of the
ward her outstretchcd hand grasning
the round of a chair.
There was nothing TO Indicate that
the couple had entered a suicide pact.
no trace OF poison having been found.
Neither was there any evidence of
murder aside from the fact that Bob
rer was lying In an unusual position.
There was evidence of robbery hav-
Ing been committed Both bodies were
In badly decomposed condition.
The identity of the woman is not
known
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1910-02-04
WORK OF RELIEF CONTINUES
Qunrtcr of Million Persons Being Sup
piled With Food and Clothing.

Qunrtcr of Million Persons Being Sup.
| piled With Food and Clothing.
Paris. February S.-Thc River Seine
continues its recession. the gauge to.
/ day showing that 1t has dropped
nearly five feet from it's crest.
Tho relief contributions from
crowned heads amount now to approxi-
mately $4,000. Other foreign con-
| tributions exceed 100000. Rodman
| Wannamaker. who desires to pay the
| bread bills of flood victims for one
month, has forwarded first install
mont OF $4,000.
It is estimated that clothing and
food is being supplied to 100000 per-
sons In Paris and its Immediate vi
cnlty.
The fear that the buildings whose
foundations have been weakened,
would fall as the waters recedc has
been realized. but not to great ex-
tent. and this damage thus far has
been confined to old structures IN the
surrounding towns. as at Courbevoie.
in the region of Alfortville, Ivry and
Villeneuvre-Saint George.
Several recent subsidences in the
streets were reported to-day. one oc-
curing in front Of the Ministry OF
War.
An unfortunate incident has resulted
in the abandonment of one of the Red
Cross posts. The building within
which 1t was established has been
placed at the disposition OF the So
ciety by the owner, Placide-Alexandre
Astier. the Radcal-Socialist deputy
When the nuns, who were acting as
nurses. learned that the building be-
longed to a Socialist and freemason
they declined to remain, saying that
they feared eX-communfcatlon There-
upon the Countess de Haussonville or
dered that the place be evacuated
Later in the day visconte de Nantois,
on behalf of the Red Cross, denied
that the building had been evacuated
as reported. and declared that the So
ciety was in nowise occupied with |
politics.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1910-02-04
TREASURY is PUZZLED
Sheet Of Bank Notes stolen, ana Long,
tllMc Raasf Is AiSnrnx.ad --

Sheet Of Bank Notes stolen, and Long,
Time Boast Is Disprovcd.
Washington. D. c., February S.-The
treasury Departments system OF print
Ing bank notes, supposed to be thief
proof and automatically immune from
robbery. has been beaten.
me Bureau OF Printing and Engrav-
Ing turned out s3,Ooo,O0o, 900 in bank
notes IN 1909 without losing one, but
on last January 81 q sheet OF four $40
gold notes, unnumbered. and without
the seal disappeared.
-Four days later the theft was dIscoy-
cred, when two of the uncompleted bills
turned up at a local bank. The other
two made complete cycle. and re-
turned to tho Treasury in the course
of business
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1910-02-04
OYSTER BOAT LOST IN BAY
Relieved That Entire Crew Went Down
With NSSScl

Relieved That Entire Crew Went Down
With Vessel.
Crisield, Md, February 3.-A1uto
evidence of a terrible struggle against
tho elements and against tho founder
ing of a Chesapeake Bay oyster boat,
with the loss of the entire crew.
reached this port to-day, when Cap
tain ]. Henry Nelson, of Crsheld, came
in with the body of the captain Of
the bugeyo Eftie Smith, William A.
bradshaw. of Smiths Island. The
,bugeNc carried a crew of three men. Il
Captain Nelson, who discovered the
wrecked vesseIabout three miles from
NaTows Island light. found tho body
of Captain Bradshaw dashed to ono OF
the mnsts. He had evidently been dead
for some hours. No trace of the crew
was obtained and 1t Is thought they
We're washed overheard and drowned.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1910-02-04
Cause Unknown,

Primero, Col. February 3.--"Cause
this afternoon by tho coroner's Jury
that investigated the explosion in the
mine of the Colorado Iron and Fuel
Company Monday afternoon that caus-
ed the death OF at least seventy three
men.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1910-02-04

Chicago, February 81 believe War
riner must have been out of his mind
when he said that had received more
than 100000 from him not to expose
his shortage said Z. S. Cooke. .I
never knew that Warriner was short
until I read about it in the newspapers.
My record is clean. was chief clerk
under Warriner, and my books show
that ! do not owe tho Big Four Rail
road a dollar
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1910-02-04
Cooke Denlc. IT.

That's for Hewitt to EXPLAIN" was
the complacent answer OF the witness.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1910-02-04

Aside from the pension bill, the most
important measure acted upon was
that making Illegal voting and frauds
In elections a felony, instead of a mis-
dcmeanor. This measure does not
change the existing law except as to
the penalty. which can be made fel-
CONTINUED on Fourth Page,)