davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1910-07-27
SOUTH CAROLINA WHEAT STATE,
Crop Of Five Million Bushels Expect.
ed This Year.

Columbia, July 23.-Few people
know that the wheat crop is one of
the crops in this State. The crop of
wheat for 1910, according to the de-
partment of agriculture, has been by
tar the largest and best in the history
Of the State, although the increa Sc in
production in 1909 over 1908 was
nearly million bushels and the acre.
age during that period increased 158.-
00O
The increase in acreage this wear
exceeded SO per cent and the pro-
duction will reach very nearly 5000
600 bushels, it is stated.
The largest production OF wheat in
South Carolina heretofore was 3.SlO.-
600, against 2,S35,00O bushels for the
year before. The quality Of the crop
this year is said to be excellent. and
the crop will go upon the market at a
maximum average price. The seasons
were particularly good for harvesting
ana practically no acreage was aban-
doned
IN one locality alone this year.
Where no wheat had been planted
heretofore 5000 acres were nut in.
The crop will go on the market at
very nearly 81 per bushel. Wheat
growing has developed very rapidly
IN this State, the acreage being l74.-
Z4o IN 1900, $4,000 in 1907, $4,000
in 1908, and 1890 in 1909. IT IS a
noteworthy fact that the value OF
wheat on the market per bushel in
this State at the end of last wear. was
|i'fo' winch was above that Of any
other State, the next highest being
Georgia and Arizona.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1910-07-27
DOING A LITTLE STEALING
hahk Officer Alleged to Have Made
Away With $4,000 of Banks Sc.
curitieS.

New York, July 24.-Counse, for
Erwin Wider, who has been formally
charged by officials of the Russo.
Chinese bank of stealing $4,000
worth of bonds, admitted TODAY that
ne knows where his client is. and inti-
mated that Wider and the bank are
now in touch.
The bonds have not been negotiat-
sd' although it is strongly limited that
they have been hypothecated with va
rlous Wall street brokers. Neither
has the case been reported to the DO
lice, and Widers lawyer hopes that
when the bonds are restored to the
bank there will be no prosecution.
For salary Wider got $1,000 a wear
he owned an automobile, and paid
$50 a month for his house in the
Bronx.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1910-07-27
FREIGHT RATES UNFAIR.
Rockingham People Allege That Sat-
isfactory Routes and Charges Are
Refused by Railroads.

Washington. July 21.-That salts
factory through routes and joint rates
between Rockingham, N. c., and var,-
Gus points in South Carolina net only
do not exist but are refused by the
railroads Is the burden Of complaint
filed today with the interstate COM
merce commission. The complaint
was instituted by the manufacturers
freight department of Rockingham,
N. c.. representing the cotton mills at
that place. against the seaboard Air
Line railway. and the Atlantic Coast
Line railway. 1t Is explained that the
rates charged by the carriers on cot
ton piece goods from Rockingham to
points In South Carolina are unrea-
sonable and discriminatory, because
the railroads refuse to establish
through routes and joint rates. The
commission is requested to require the
railroads to establish through routes
and joint rates and schedules of
charges that are lower than the pres
ent rates.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1910-07-27
COTTON CROP POOR.
Commercial Appeals Estimate Is
That It Can Not BE More Than Is
Per Cent OF Acreage.

Memphis. Tenn. July 24.-The
Commercial Appeal will tomorrow
print this summary of cotton crop
conditions:
The week gives mixed and rather
uncertain returns from the cotton
fields. Considerable Improvement at
tendant upon dry weather Is shown
I'm Alabama. Tennessee. Mississippi
and Arkansas. while northern Louis
lana Is rounding into a state of fair
promise.
The Carolinas and Georgia suffer-
ed from heavy rains early In the
week. so that little cultivation was
done on the later days. while Texas
and Oklahoma. without rain. are ap-
preaching a time when the crop may
suffer. In fact. some loss has already
been sustained In southern and south
western Texas.
I'm the central and eastern States
the crop Is being laid by" in a rather
poor condition. some Of the fields still
being very grassy. Ten days without
rain would permit OF rather consid-
erable Improvement but the crop has
received mucn less work than 1t
would have gotten with normal
weather. The plant remains small
and seems late. II has nut on little
fruit. and IN many places has net be-
gun 10 bloom freely. Estimates on
condition seldom run higher than as
per cent. and are often beow this.
There are limited districts In all the
Valley and Atlantic States. however.
that give a good account"
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1910-07-27
STATE FARM PROSPECTS.
Good Yield Expected III Weather Con-
tinucs Favorable.

Columbia, July 23.-Superintendent
Griffith. OF the state penitentiary,
thinks that. with anything like favor
able weather I'm August. the crops on
the big State farm. along the Wateree
will turn out splendidly considering
the recent bad seasons. Capt Griffith
Is one OF the best farmers In the
State. and a good Judge of conditions
and the State farm Is one Of the most
productive In tho State.
Capt. Grimth states that when he
visited the farm some weeks ago the
corn crop was the finest he had ever
seen. but since that time the corn has
been considerably damaged by storms.
ne is informed. Cotton Is two 90
three weeks late. but the crop is said
TO be doing fairly we'll The yield Of
wheat and oats was excellent. but a
good deal OF oats were lost during
the cutting on account Of the wet
weather.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1910-07-27
BEARING ON DEATH OF RAWN?

Chicago, July 24.--Attorney Aubrey
Nelson, representing the railroad
company, announced today that the
Illinois Central car repair scandal in
quiry, in which Ira G.. Rawn was to
have been an important witness, will
80 reopened Tuesday.
Although investigation Of the mys-
tcrious death OF the former president
OF the MonOn at his summer resld-
dence in Winnctka last Wednesday IS
being pushed by the police, private
detectives and representatives Of in
Surancc companies, there were no de-
Nelopments today However, it is
said that new evidence of importance
Will be presented at the coroner's In
quest next Wednesday.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1910-07-27
THE ELECTION.
Ahtl>I & @onist Elected-Dry Vote
r.n. Excess of Wet But Was
" IN Half by Two Candidates.

Dallas, Tex, July 24.-Oscar r
Colquitt, anti-prohibitionist. was yes-
terday nominated for governor by a
plurality which will probably reach
$4,000. Cone Johnson and William,
Poindexter, the prohibitionist candi-
dates, are practically tied, only about
thousand votes difference between
them. This is now in favor IF rcin-
dexter but may change as some heavy
Johnson counties are yet to come.
Former Attorney General Davidson
is about 10000 votes behind Poindex.
ter and Johnson.
The proposition to submit to popu-
lar vote a prohibition amendment to
the constitution has carried by prob
ably 10000. This presents the situa-
ton of an anti-prohibition Democrat
being nominated with party demand
ing the submission of a prohibition
amendment confronting him. This
was caused by the prohibitiorist split
on candidates.
The total prohibitionist vote is
much in excess of Colquitt's vote. II
Is impossible to give a well grounded
estimate of the results as to the legis
lature. Reports are scattering be-
cause of the great interest of the Cub.
ernatorial contest.
For congress in the Third district
James Young of Kaufman county
was nominated. In this district a va
cancy was created by the appointment
OF Congressman Russell to the Fed
eral bench by President Taft. r. M.
Lively was elected to fill the unex-
pired term and James Young for the
full term.
In the fourth district, c. r. Ran
dell, the present incumbent, was re-
nominated by large majority. Con-
gresham Jack Bean, in the Fifth
district also received a heavy major
ity over his opponent.
In the Seventh district refurns in.
| dicate that Congressman A. w. Gregg
was successful.
In the Twelfth the returns are in
complete, but Oscar Galway has a
slight lead over the incumbent, Oscar
Gillespie. In the Thirteenth district
Congressman John H. Stephens was
renominated by an overwhelming ma
jority.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1910-07-27
A THOROUGHGOING THIEF.
Ropke's' Alleged Shortage Exceeds a
Million.

Louisville. KY, July 23.-August
Nopke' assistant secretary and book
Keeper of the Fidelity Trust Company,
one OF the soundest financial institu-
tons in Louisville. is believed to have
made away with $1.14O,OOO, the en-
tire surplus Of the concern, according
To statement made late this after
noon by John w. Barr, president of
the Trust Company. Ropke is in the
county jail. where he has been for
ten days, unable TO furnish bail in
the sum Of $4,000. Ropke was a
heaVy Spectator and lost large sums,
1t Is said, on Wall street and the chi.
CagO board Of trade.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1910-07-27
Consolidated Aug. 2. 1881.
SUMTER. s. c., WEDNESDAY JULY 27 1u1o
RACE WON BY CURTISS.
N"rtiss Defeats Mars I'm Aviation
Flight of Five Miles at the Omaha
Meet.

Omaha, Neb.. July 24.-Ten thou
sand people witnessed the second
days flight at the Omaha aviation
meet Eleven areoplane flights were
made during the afternoon, a five
mile race between Glenn III. Curtiss
and j. c. Mars. furnishing the most
spectacular feature of the day. Cur
tiss rose 200 feet in the air and while
at that height Mars sailed away, the
two starting on even terms. Three
times they flew around the big field
and finished with Curtiss slightly In
the lead.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1910-07-27
KILLED ON CLINTON STREETS
Cal Furr Shot to Death by w. II.
Gregory.

Clinton, July 23.-One Of the most
sensational killings that has ever oc.
Cured in Clinton happened TODAY.
when w. T. Gregory, a resident of the
Lydia Cotton Mills village, shot and
instantly killed Cal Furr, who for the
past few months has been living st
the Clinton Mill Village. The shooting
1t Is said, is the final result of trouble
that has been brewing for some time
between these two pa-ties. Gregory
claims that Furr had ruined his
nome. Up to about four months ago
furr was living about Lydia. when. IL
is said. he was forced to leave ON ac-
count Of this trouble.
AT about 1850 O'clock this afternoon
Gregory was standing just in front of
the store of T. c. Sumerell G. Broth
ers, when Cal Furr, leaving the Bee
Hive Racket Store. which is lust
across the street, and not see,np
Gregory, came directly towards him.
Upon perceiving Furr, il is said that
Gregory without passing any words
Whatever, at once drew his gun and
began firing, the second shot striking
FUR in the hip, causing him to fall.
Furr drew his pistol as quickly as
possible and fired three shots, all of
which missed except one. which pass
ed through Gregory's right hand. be-
tween the third and fourth fingers.
After Furr fel Gregory advanced
and grappled with him. still shooting
and most of the balls taking effect in
Furr's body. After eleven shots were
hred in all, eight by Gregory and
three by Furr, Furr died instantly.
After the killing Gregory AT once
surrendered to Chief of Police Reed
and was lodged in the city station.
About O'Clock he was taken To
Laurens in order to avoid any DOS
sible trouble
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1910-07-27
THE THIRD DEGREE.
Negro Express RObber Put Into the
Sweet Box in Columbia.

Columbia, July .5.-Supt Sadler of
the Southern Express Co. and several
detectives and the chief OF the local
police are this afternoon administer
ing the the third degree" TO Fletcher
Brown, well known negro character
ABOUT Columbia on the charge Of re-
moving good sized amount of
clothing from the express Office here
Another negro is also being examin-
ed. Brown worked at Seaboard depot
as porter for the Express Company.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1910-07-27
PATTEN LEAVES FOR EUROPE
Declares He Has Left Speculative
Arena For Good.

New York, July 23.-Reiterating
his declaration that he would never
again re-enter the speculative arena,
James a. Patten, the erstwhile cot
ton King" sailed today for Europe
on the steamer Kroonland. Mr.. Pat
ten said: at seems the crux of the
financial situation this fall depends
upon good crops. The oats crop is
snort wheat is short. and hay Is
snort. Now, if corn fails, the country
might have a period Of duh times. a
great deal depends on deficiency OF
moisture since MarcT
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1910-07-27
NEWS FROM COLUMBIA.
"oV. Ansel Grants Requisition for
tennessee Thief-NegrO Jumps
From Train.

Columbia, July Ex-Governor An
sci today granted requisition for Jno.
+. Ramey arrested in Pickens, and
wanted in Tennessee for larceny.
Willie James, negro fireman
jumped from cab of Southern. en-
CINE from Charleston today and was
badly injured. The negro thought his
train was about to side-swipe a
freight on siding at Registers fac
tory, and jumped to avoid a collision.
He will recover.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1910-07-27
MORE WARM WEATHER.
Prophet Says That People of This
Part of Country May Expect High
Temperature.

Washington, July 24.-This week
viii be one of high temperature
throughout the greater part of the
country east of the Rocky Mountains
and in the extreme Southwest, ac-
cording to the forecast of Willis l..
Moore. chief of the weather bureau.
The general pressure over the North
American continent and the oceans,
Indicate that this condition will pre-
vail.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1910-07-27
BUCK COMPANY COMES OVER.
Announces End Of Fight With Organ
lied Labor.

st. Louis, Mo-. July 23.--Formal
announcement was made tonight by
j. I. Tempieton. secretary Of the
Buck Stove and Range Company. OF
the end Of the fight with organized
labor. The employees Of the plant
are to be organized. The secretary
however. did not state II the present
workmen would be required to join
the union.
The announcement in part says:
THE present management is, and
always has been. friendly to organized
labor. We believe labor has a right
to organize for it's protection and ad-
vancement."
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1910-07-27
THE SEXES AND THE SCHOOLS
Noted English Educator Believes In
Separation.
From the New York Times.


Miss Creighorn, vice president of
the British National Union of Teach
ers, in an interview the other day.
emphatically gave her views on mix
ed classes on educational lines, on
moral grounds, and physical and pro-
1esslonal grounds. She believes that
1t Is better for boys to be taught by
man and for girls to have a wo'
man teacher.
'Difference of sex,,' she said, "de-
mands difference Of preparation for
different work in a distinctive sphere.
The ideal in education is to produce
as fully developed a human being as
possible, but teaching boys and girls
together means. to large extent,
teaching them the same subjects, and
beyond the necessary three RS there
Is certain fitness of subject that is
not only lost sight of when the sexes
are mixed but which to a large extent
means the sacrifice Of the interests
of the girl to those of the boy"
AS a consequence, the girl dabbles
In chemistry and higher mathematics.
when she should rather acquire a
knowledge of housecraft and house
hold accounts. However, good the
mixed school, however, jealous and
conscientious the master at it's head.
no man, says Miss Creighorn, can en-
ter into the little vanities, the fears,
the aspirations of the girl approach
ing womanhood. In fact, he cannot
be expected to know the working of
the girls mind" She is self conscious,
fond of idealized, apt to err, very apt
to go wrong through want of time
ly word Of warning. That is what /
specially mean when 1 talk of the
normal side. People point to the
home. where boys and girls are
brought up together. There the girl
comes into contact with her own
brothers and not other peoples"
AS for The physical side of the
question:
THE strain of mixed schools is too
great on the girls. They ought not
to be put in competition with the
boys naturally, and so very often we
have them breaking down under the
strain, because their physical strength
Is overtaxed. Teaching boys and girls
together is liable to take away some
of the latter's softness and make the
former too soft. The male teacher
does not usually exercise a full meas
ure Of discipline over the girls; and
the boy does not see why he should
be punished for telling a lie when the
girl is let Off
professionally the mixed school is
also bad. In spite of pious opinions
against big schools, big mixed schools
continue to be built mainly for the
sake of economy. Most of these mix
ed schools are placed under a head
master. Consequently there are few
headships for women teachers. That,
of course, lowers the status Of the wo-
men teachers, and possibly prevents
us getting such goo1 supply be-
cause there is so little to look forward
to in the profession"
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1910-07-27
Using Peaches as Fertilizer.

Americus. Ga. July a2.-Unable
even 20 give away the fine Elberta
peaches with which the peach trees
here are loaded. and unable 10 ship
them away on account OF the scarcity
OF cars. orchardists here are plough
ing the peaches under the ground 20
be used for fcrtilIzlng purpose. Ev-
cry one was invited to come and take
as many OF the peaches as they want
al
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1910-07-27

New Orleans, La. July 24.-With
the harvesting of the South's cotton
already begun in the earlier sections,
and the time fast approaching when
the crop will begin to move in even
the more Northerly States, Southern
bankers and business men are now
hard at work on the problem pre-
sehted them by the recent decision of
London bankers in connection with
cotton bills of ladings. that beginning
in November, American cotton bills
of lading shall be negotiable only
when they are guaranteed by an
American banking institution. This
action grew out of the frauds alleged
to have been perpetrated through
forged bills of lading, and Southern
cotton. men realize that commercial
consequences Of vast Importance will
follow the stand taken by the English
bankers.
They say that in the event Ameri-
can banks refuse to guarantee cotton
bills of lading, the cotton business of
the South would be thrown imme-
diately upon a cash basis, and that
this would mean drain Of millions
Of dollars from the monetary GEN.
tres of the country.
In this connection 1t is pointed out
that according to the statistics of the
department Of commerce and labor,
for the fiscal year ending July 30,
1910, the total value Of all unmanu-
factured cotton exported from the
United States was $417,39O,665, ex-
ceeding the combined value Of the
country's exports during the same pc
riod In corn, wheat, coal, petroleum,
refined oil, tobacco and manufactures
of iron and steel. In consequences,
bankers admit that a very serious sit.
uation has developed in the South
and that any system of guaranteed
bills Of lading probably means an ad-
ditional tax upon the cotton produ-
Ger of the South.
One of the many plans which have
been suggested as forming a solution
of the serious problem which now
confronts the Southern cotton men, is
that the railroads which are the first
to receive the cotton, guarantee the
bills Of lading to the American banks
which, in turn shall guarantee them
to the banks abroad. In this connec-
tion an important conference among
leading cotton men will be held in
New Orleans within the next week or
ten days. Those who are behind the
movement express the hope that ]. T.
Harahan, president of the Illinois
Central Railroad, will attend the con-
ference and lend his advice and coun-
sci In devising a plan which will full
ly meet the situation.
Mr.. Harahan went to England
when the recent cotton frauds came
to light and attended, in Liverpool,
meetings Of cotton men, held to dis
cuss the alleged evils of the present
system of exporting cotton.
AS result of the situation which
the action Of the European bankers
brought about prominent cotton deal
ers in Galveston, New Orleans, Mo-
bile, savannah and other Southern
ports are advocating port bills Of lad
Ing which they assert, with a proper
checking system will preclude all DOS
sibility Of frauds being practiced on
European importers.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1910-07-27

biennial sessions of the legislature
would save the taxpayers Of South
Carolina at least 100000 a year, and
IA reduction of the fertilizer tax to 10
cents ton would save the farmers
at least $125,O0O. No one would miss
the annual sessions Of the legislature
except the politicians and leeches.-
Yorkville Enquirer.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1910-07-27
ADVENTUROUS Boys Carried Home.

Orangeburg. July 22.-Raymond
Berry and John Ballard. two Young
boys who ran away from their homes
tn Elloree and were thought To have
gone 10 sumter. have been located in
oranseburg and brought home. The
boys desired adventure but their plans
We're frustrated.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1910-07-27

still, 1t Is calculated to annoy "A
gentleman who Is laboriously climb
Ing a Pole to encounter another gen
tleman gleefully sliding down-New
York Herald.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1910-07-27
DENIES THE REPUi.
Supt. Grinith Says Files Have Not
Been Sent to Prisoners.

Columbia, July 23.-Supt. Griffith
denied today the report that files had
recently been passed into the penten-
t"rE to enable prisoners to escape
He thinks the report originated out
of finding files in cells some time ago.
There Is no CONSERVATION at the pris-
on.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1910-07-27
COTTON BILLS Of LAD|NG,
LONDON BANKERS WISH ANIERI-
CAN BANKS GUARANTEES.

situation May Become Acute Should
"A Plan Mutually Agreeable Not BE
AdOpted-Refusal of American
Banks to Comply Would Imme-
diatcly Place SOuth's Cotton Busi-
ness on Cash Basis, Draining Coun-
try's Monetary Centres.
The Mount Holly news. [volume] (Mount Holly, Burlington Co., N.J.) 1891-1942, 1910-02-15
A SMALL WORD.


II Has Only Two Letters, Yet Il ls
Not Easy to Define.
To define one word In the English
language one modern dictionary takes
eighteen columns Of small type. And
this solitary word upon which the die
tionary bestows such a wealth of elu-
cidatiOn is one that hardly anybody
except a dictionary maker can define
at all. The ordinary educated, Eng
lish speaking persons knowledge of 1t
could be expressed in about half a sim
gle line
This fecund word is of" If you
were asked to define it-unless you
are dictionary maker or Of an allied
trade-probably you would have to re-
ply: "Of? Why, of just means Of"
You might add Extensively, Il always
comprehend perfectly what it means
when / see or hear 1t and can use it
correctly in speech, SO what do want
to define it for anyway"
But If you were child your actual
mastery of of would stand you In
no stead whatever. You would be set
to digging out and memorizing the
things the dictionary had to say about
it, or the driest and least informing
Of them, US, for instance, that in some
cases it Is such kind of proposition
and in other cases some other kind
and that propositions have such and
such properties when they don't have
some other, every bit Of which you
would absolutely and mercifuliy forget
at the first possible moment. Look
over child's grammar or Language
lesson, with its CHASTITY array OF use
less bones.- Saturday Evening Post.