davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
United labor bulletin., 1910-11-17

like that OF a medical examination of all
children believed by the inspectors to be
engaged in occupations injurious to phys
ical development. are considered by
most OF the inspectors to be somewhat
illusory. Much the same thing is true
of the provision that all child laborers
must have an age certificate. Frequent
ly the certificates are altered or care
lessly made out, or actually forged. This
has been the case to a notable extent in
connection with the large numbers OF
Italian children imported into France by
padrones for distribution among glass
works and tile yards of Franco. as well
as for employment in bootblacking and
chimney sweeping. This system Of i'm
portation became SO serious as TO lead
to international negotiations between
Italy and France with q view to its cur
tailment.
The French inspectors complain OF
leniency in furnishing violations Of the
law, just as in other countries covered
by this study. The inspectors report
great resourcefulness, both on the part
of employers and children, in escaping
detection. To stimulate the agility Of
children in disappearing when the In
spectors visit their works some glass
manufacturers have offered prizes for
the children who could hide themselves
most quickly at given signal.
The German child-labor law permits
industrial employment to begin at IA
years, although work not exceeding six
hours per day may begin at 13 II the re-
quired school attendance has been COM
pleted. For occupations considered as
dangerous or Injurious, the employment
of children is prohibited, or is permitted
only under special regulations. For chill
dren under 16 years the hours Of work
are limited to 10, and night work is
prohibited between the hours OF $3.50
and $50.
| In many respects the most radical de-
parture in chid-labor legislation on the
Continent is found in the German child
labor law Of 1903, which attempts to
regulate the employment of children in
their own homes and unde rthe direc-
tion Of their parents. This law owes Its
enactment largely to the systematic In
vestigation inaugurated by national or
ganization Of school teachers who be-
came convinced that the factory laws
had in many instances driven the child
laborers out of the factories into home
industries .and into non-industrial pur-
suits not reached by previous legislation.
The new law is not proving easy of en-
forcement, and some time will be re-
CURED to draw valid conclusions In re-
gard to its actual effects. The German
inspectors are able to visit only about
half of the establishments subject to
the factory laws In some states OF the
empire only one-fourth are inspected.
Here, as in other countries, only small
proportion of the offenses reported
against the law were in any way pun
ished.
In Italy the law fixes the age at which
industrial work may be begun at ~
years, though for all workers under 10
years certain restrictons are imposed.
including the requirement OF physi-
clans certificate of physical fitness. and
in dangerous and injurious occupations
employment is entirely prohibited. The
hours Of labor are limited to II per day
United labor bulletin., 1910-11-17


'Child-labor legis lation in six European
countries-Austria, Belgium, France,
Germany, Italy ard Switzerland-is the
subject Of an article printed in Bulletin
SO of the Bureau of Labor of the Depart
ment of CONNER ce and Labor. All of
these nations have recognized the exist
ence of a child-labor problem and have
attempted to solve it by means of legis-
lation restricting the gainful employ
ment of children and by providing a
corps of Off cials whose special task it
is to secure compliance with the terms
of the law. The experience of Germany
and of Switzerland in this direction is
peculiarly suggestive for the United
States, because there. as in this country,
there is division of legislative and ad
ministrative powers between a central
government and the local governments.
United labor bulletin., 1910-11-17
Secretary Of State and
Ex-oHicio Labor Com
missioner.

missioner. tries.
In most of the countries included in
this study the limitations upon child la
bor are not all found IL legislative en-
actments. In many cases the laws them
selves constitute merely framework,
which is filed out by NJ cans of numer-
Gus DEGREES, ordinances. police regula-
tions, and other legislative or admins
trative measures. These measures some
times constitute relaxation OF the rules
laid down by the statute, when. for in
stance, the administrative authorities are
given far-reaching power 10 set up Eek
ceptions" to and exemptions" from the
operations of the laws, and exercise this
power in such manner and on such
scale as partially to a5rogate the law.
Sometimes, on the other hand, admins
trative measures result in much strict
or regulation of child labor than appears
on the face of the law.
Austrian legislation fixes the regular
age OF factory employment for children
United labor bulletin., 1910-11-17


between the ages Of 10 and Is. Night
work between the hours of 8 and 6 (or
between and from April to Septem-
ber) is prohibited for persons under is
years and for all females.
The Italian experience with their fac
tory inspection has been too short to
justify any general conclusion with re-
gard to its efficiency. The system, In
fact, does not yet apply adequately to
the kingdom as whole, but only to GER
tain industrial portions.
In Switzerland the federal law prohib
its the factory employment OF children
under IA years, but for dangerous or in
furious occupations, which include an
extended list. employment may not be-
gin under 16. The maximum hours Of
labor per day under 16 years are II.
For all employees under IS years night
work between the hours Of and 9 Tor
between and s during June. July. and
August) is entirely prohibited.
United labor bulletin., 1910-11-17

that the number of inspectors has in
creased over 80 per cent during the past
Is years, while the number of establish
ments inspected has doubled and the
number of persons employed therein has
increased 65 per cent At the end Of
1908 there were still 173.0O0 establish
ments, subject to inspection, that had
never been visited at all. Many Of the
visited establishments had not been in
spected for two or three years, for in
1908 the officials were able to inspect
only 1920 establishments. each depart
mental inspector visiting during that
year at least once an average of over
/ 200 concerns.
Certain provisions of the French law,
United labor bulletin., 1910-11-17

T h 8, article
the results of a
study by DR.. c.
w. A. Veditz, is
not confined to
a presentation of
the details of
the law concern
ing child labor,
but discusses as
well the relation
of the school
and labor laws,
the organization
and actual work
of the laor in
spectors, a n d
the present ex-
tent and nature
of child labor
in these coun-
frfac
Evening journal., 1910-05-06
MIDDLETOWN

Special TO THE EVENING JOURNAL
MIDDLETOwN. Del. May 6-At a
meeting of the members Of the Chris
tian Endeavor Society. Of Forest Pres
byterian Church. held this week, the
following officers were elected and COM
mittces named to serve for the ensu-
ing six months: President, Mrs.
George Derrickson; vice-president, Miss
May Holten; recording secretary, Mrs.
c. A. Honecker; corresponding secre-
tary, Miss Mary Rothwell; treasurer.
Miss Maude Deakyne; organist. Mrs.
s. f. Lewis; assistant, Miss Nellie
Rothwell.
Lookout Committee-Miss Mary Now
land. Mrs. c. A. Hohecker. Miss Annie
Ellison, Miss Nellie Rothwen.
Prayer Meeting Committee-Afiss
May Holten. Mrs. Julia Cam. Miss
Susie Ellison. Miss Mary Rothwell.
Social Committee-Mlss Maude Dea-
kyne. Mrs. s. Z. Lewis, Miss Susie Eli
son, John J. Hofecker. Jr.
Sunday school Committee. f. Dea-
kyne. George d. Kelley, William Arm
strong.
Missionary Committee-Mrs +. II.
Moore. Miss Myrtle Houstain. Mrs
George Derrickson. Miss Nellie Roth
Evening journal., 1910-05-06
NEWS NOTES
OF NEW CASTLE
Social Clubs ReOrganized and
New Quarters are Being
Prepared

Special to THE EVENING JOURNAL.
NEW CASTLE, May 6-Talk about
metropolitan airs. New Castle is the
llmelight. il must be that the HALEY
comet has torn the cobwebs off the
eyes of the people. The New Castle
Club has been ro1rganized, and the
former residence of the sheriff at the
Jail has been secured as a club house.
Painters have been at work, lace cur
tains decorate the windows, new furni-
ture is in all the rooms. the skeleton
room is locked. and a big book holds
the names of seventy prominent cii-
zens. They include a former Cover
nor, leading lawyers, bankers, business
men and brokers.
John r. Lambson is the president
OF the club. There will be ladies'
night in the near future.
An interesting meeting of the st.
Peters Holy Name Society was held
last evening.
The Opera House was crowded again
last night when The Kings Carnival
was repeated There we're $50 people
in the cast and the different numbers
were presented in creditable form.
Only the four big stacks at the Ma
/ tional Tube Companys works remain
! standing.
City Assessor Rennie is arranging
/ TO make his annual assessment He
will have his hands full this year In
addition TO the property and people
here he must get the number of dogs i'm
the city. tabulate the children, and
count the telegraph and telephone
poles.
DR.. Roth. president Of the Board Of
| Health. is making house to house
inspection. All pest breeding places
must be removed. Hogs and hogpens
will be the first ones to be tabooed
Mr.. and Mrs. Joseph A. Carlin gave
q dinner last evening in honor Of Mr.
and Mrs. James Heavy. of Springfield
4 H.. who are visiting relatives in New
Castle
Evening journal., 1910-05-06
Dinner for pauahtsr.

Mrs. c. y. Armor of No. SIS North
Harrison street, entertained at dinner
at her home. on Sunday in honor Of
her daughter. Mrs S. r. strain. OF
stubenyille. Ohio. A delightful day was
spent. Among those present were:
Mrs. Catherine B. Armor. Mrs. Sara
r. Strain Mr.. and Mrs. Abraham r.
Armor. Mr.. and Mrs. William S. Alex
ander. Mr.. and Mrs. Davis Armor, Mr.
and Mrs.and Mrs. Charles r. Rice. Mr
and Mrs 4. Frank Klair. James Ar
NOR. Miss Mabel II. Armor. Miss S
Edith Klair. Miss Miriam A. Alex
ander. Messrs. Howard T. Armor. Nor
man f. Klair and Irwin Alexander.
Evening journal., 1910-05-06
SEAFORD

to THE EVENING JOURNAL.
= sEAFoRD. Del, May 6-R. Ormen
Trice spent yesterday with Laurel
friends.
Miss Cora Swain of Bridgeville. has
been the guest of Miss Alice Wiley
Miss Fannie Parker, of Laurel, was
Evening journal., 1910-05-06
pover,s Omen Air Thsatrs.

DOVER, Del, Map 6-Dover is to have
an open-air theatre. The Mason Moving
Picture Company has secured the open
grounds in the rear of the old Dover rink,
and carpenters were put to work today en-
closing these grounds.
Evening journal., 1910-05-06
BUYING UP CATTLE
DOWN THE STATE

DOVER. Del, May 6-Meat dealers
throughout the state, who have been de-
pending on limited supply Of cattle for
dressed meat are now declaring that
agents Of Armour and other Chicago pack
ing houses are going through every dis
trict OF this peninsula, picking out the
fattest cattle and Offering fancy prices
which the local farmers and stock raisers
do not refuse, and the cattle Is being
shipped out Of the state.
Evening journal., 1910-05-06

of Philadelphia, the Atlantic Dredging
Company of Wilmington, and the Atlas
Dredging Company of Camden, n. J..
Measurements and soundings were
taken showing that q 1000 cubic feet Of
mud vii lhave to be excavated and
removed from the channel.
The proposed canal will show a clear
passage OF water of three and a half
feet at mean low water The canal
viii be thirty-hve feet in width at the
top and twenty-five feet in width at the
bottom. In high tide. the vessels will
shave all the water they need for the
heaviest cargoes and nearly all can
work on a four-foot draught.
The dredging companies agreed tc
submit bids for the work within ter
days and the committee has decided C
receive and open these bids on May
/ 15 I'm Little Creek
Evening journal., 1910-05-06

a. L. Marvel has accepted the posi-
tion as manager of the Western Union
Telegraph Office at Brldgeville.
Mrs. L. Avery Hobbs and Miss May
belle Thompson have returned from a
visit with friends near fredericksburg.
Ira W Wright is spending the week
In Philadelphia.
w. X. Morgan is at Mt olive. n. C..
engaged in the buying and shipping Of
southern fruits and produce.
Miss Lillian Mitchell has returned to
her home az Salisbury after several
days visit with friends at Cambridge
Miss Eva b. Cross. of Philadelphia,
is the guest of friends here.
Miss Nellie Harper and Miss Lucy
Allen are spending a month with rela-
tives and friends in Philadelphia and
Chestnut Hill.
Evening journal., 1910-05-06
HARRINGTON

Special 20 THE EVENING JOURNAL
HARRINGTON, Del, May 5-Brinton
Raughley, a student at Delaware Col
lege WAS the guest of his parents the
first Of the week
jerry Smith has returned from "a visit
with friends in Philadelphia.
Burton Wilcutts. Of Philadelphia. is
spending the week at Harrington.
J. r. sharp has returned to his home
in New York after a visit with friends
here
Miss Catherine Marine, Of New York,
is the guest Of relatives here,
Miss Claramond Botts spent the first
of the week with Miss Helen Pritchctt
a Georgetown.
Evening journal., 1910-05-06
LAST WEEK AT
GARRICK THEATRE

Manager Dockstader announces that
this will be the last week of the sea-
son at the Garrick The bill this week
is attracting good audiences, and the
last week of the house promises to be
one of the best for several weeks. Mr..
Miller in 1.-The Littlest Girl" and Marie
Fenton, the singing comedienne. are
the features of a very good two and
a half hour bill.
Evening journal., 1910-05-06
TO DREDGE THE
LITTLE CREEK

Special TO THE EVENING JOURNAL.
DOVER, Del. May 6-Repres esenta-
tivos Of three dredging companies met
the Little Creek Improvement commit
tee at Little Creek yesterday after
noon and went over the section Of the
river which is to be opened UP and i'm
proved by cutting a canal. For this
purpose the residents there have raised
$1,000 in cash.
The various companies represented
were the Richards Dredging Company
Evening journal., 1910-05-06
we'll

The body Of Miss Elsie McAleer. Of
New York, who died this week, was
brought here for burial at st. Francis
Xavier r. c. Cemetery. Miss Nc
Aleer was we'll known here. having Wis
tied here, and at one time made the
National Hotel her home.
Evening journal., 1910-05-06
CITY FIGURES
UP ON RECEIPTS
Estimated That Council Will
Have More Than Million
Dollars to Spend

A list Of estimated receipts for the
fiscal year, beginning on July 1, was
read in City Council last night The
total is more than a million dollars.
Evening journal., 1910-05-06
in town yesterday.

in town yesterday.
Miss Margaret Grinith has return
ed home after a two weeks stay with
friends in New York.
S. e. Thompson was in Philadelphia
yesterday.
Clarence Hill and William T. Moore,
Jr.. have returned from a visit with
fredericksburg friends
Evening journal., 1910-08-11
WACING WAR
AGAINST WEEDS
Health Board Will Educate
Rather Than Arrest ViO-
IatOrS OF Ordinance
NOTICES GO OUT TO
SEVERAL PROPERTY OWNERS

The Board of Health campaign
against weed was advanced further
today When Secretary Malcolm di-
rected that notices be sent TO a num-
Der OF delinquent property owners.
Notices Will be sent every day until
the board is satisfied that the ordi-
nance enforcing the removal of weeds
has been obeyed by all property
owners.
The boards campaign is really one
OF education. IL is hoped 10 so in
struct property owners as TO the bene-
fit as well as the necessity OF remov-
ing the weeds that it will not be re-
CURED to make arrests.
Notices were sent this morning by
Secretary Malcolm to Gen. T. Coleman
dupont. the Otto Gas Engine Company
and the Enoch Moore Sons Company.
Gen. dupont is requested to remove
weeds on the wharf property owned
| by him on the west side OF Commerce
street. South Wilmington, and the
Otto Gas Company will be required
TO cut weeds from its land on the easr
side of Commerce street, South VIII
mington. The Enoch Moore Son
Company has failed TO remove weed
from its shipyard in South Whining
ton
Evening journal., 1910-08-11
Financial and Commercial

BY United Press Leased Special Wire.
NEW YORK, Aug. 11.--There was
no special pressure in any quarter of
the stock market az the opening to
day and although few issues showed
slight shading OFF In values the
tendency after the start was gener-
ally toward higher levels.
Eleven o'clock-After the first few
minutes the trading duieted down and
there was little feature to the price
movements.
Governments unchanged; other
bonds steady.
+. ID. Lackey & Co. says:
"The New York stock market during
the first hour showed a little reaction
airy tendency. although London prices
came above our last nights closing
prices.
There seems to be a feeling of dis
appointment among some traders that
the Steel report of untitled orders on
hand did not show better than II did
but in we'll informed quarters the re-
port, considering the priod covered
was a fairly good one.
1T is probable the market will sell
off some more to-day. but advices from
various sources would seem TO indi'
cate the banking interests do not fee
disposed 70 permit a decline OF any
great extent at the present time. but
seem willing 10 support prices when
ever weak
"The Philadelphia market. outside
of kehigh Valley, which is about last
nights closing prices, does not dis
play any activity. Belmont, which
was the chief center of trading yes
terday, has been very active"
Evening journal., 1910-08-11
CHARTER FOR
THEATRE co

The eleventh. Of a chain of theatre
cal companies. which are being back
81 by New York theatrical tinacies,
was chartered at Dover yesterday. Il
Is the Great Northern Theatre Com
pany and will erect and hold estah-
lishments for theatrical and operate
performances. The capital stock AZ
the beginning Of business, is $1O.O 900.
The incorpOrators are Jules E. Mast
baum, Daniel Z. Brogan. OF PhiladSl-
phia. and Sylvester r. Townsend. gr.,
of Wilmington.
Mr.. Townsend to-day refused to
talk about the company. He also re-
fused to say whether the parties con-
nected With other theatre companies
we're i'm brested in this one.
Evening journal., 1910-08-11

] n. j., ana Alldullt Ailgs
Miss Mary Williams is spending a
week with relatives in Vienna.
Miss Bertha Harlan is visiting her
aunts, the Misses Houston, of Ktglen.
Miss Elsie Kipe is spending her va
cation with friends at Chadd's Ford.
Mrs. Easom and Mrs. Charles spent
Tuesday with friends at Kenneth
Square.
Walter Collins hassreturned from a
visit to friends at Trainer.
Mrs. George Snyder. of Trainer,
was a recent visitor in this city.
Miss Elizabeth Standbridge and
friend Mis- Florence Sellers of Bethel,
were recent visitors in this city.
Misses Mary and Elizabeth Trump
are spending their vacation at the
home of their mother at Bethel.
William Stacey, of Chester, was
recent visitor in this city.
Miss Alice Ingram, of Trainer, Is
spending some time with relatives In
this city.
Mrs. Fanny Butler and daughter
have returned to their home in Train
er after spending several days with
Wilmington friends.
in this city.
Miss Kate X. Seth has returned to
Chester after a several days visit to
friends in this city.
Mr.. and Mrs William Hobbs spent
Sunday with relatives i'm Trainer.
David Rosenberg, of Chester, spent
Sunday with friends in this city.
Miss Mary Cloud has returned home
after spending a few days with Mr..
and Mrs. Horace Weston, of Chester
Miss Reba Meehan, of Chester, spent
the weekend with her parents here.
Miss Edna Griest, of Chester, was
a recent visitor here.
Mr.. and Mrs. James McClinachen
of Chester, have returned from a
visit to Wilmington friends.
Miss Margaret Hopkins, of Chester
has been spending some time with
friends In this city.
Misses Annie and Lillian Fredd
Media Walther and Frances Stay
maker have returned from a sixteen
days trip TO Boston, Portland, Me.
the mountains of New Hampshire and
Vermont
Mrs. David Thompson is spending
a few days as the guest of Mrs. John
Thompson, of Chester
Evening journal., 1910-08-11
NAME JUDGES FOR
POULTRY EXHIBIT

w. j. Stokes, of Philadelphia, and
e. ]. Chandler, of Kenneth Square,
have been selected to Judge the poul-
try at the New Castle County Fair.
Mr. Stokes was one of the judges in
the winter show and gave satisfaction.
The Fair Association has offered
a small silver cup for the best pony
mare and colt I'm the horse depart
ment. This cup VII be on exhibition
on Market street I'm a few days. The
competition In this class which was
made since the premium list was
printed, will be keen. Entries in the
live stock departments will close on
August 18th, and all exhibitors are
requested to bear this In mind.
Evening journal., 1910-08-11
PICK JUDGES
FOR BENCH SHOW
Prominent FauCierS VIII Off
Ciate at Kennel Club Exhibit
at County Fair

The judges OF the Wilmington Ken.
mel Clubs first annual dog show at
the New Castle County Fair on August
81 were announced this morning as
follows:
j. Bailey Wilson. of Lansdowne. Pa,
Russian wolfhounds, greyhounds,
Irish wolfhounds and Scottish deer
hounds.
J. Chandler Barnard. Bryn Mawr,
Pa. foNhounds and beagles.
William c. Bechtold, Philadelphia,
English and French bulldogs.
w. H. Palmer, Philadelphia. bull
terriers and Manchester terriers.
Miss Ida r. Patton, Philadelphia,
pomeranians.
Dr. Henry Jarrett, Chestnut Hill.
Pa. all other breeds.
Among those who have offered spe-
cial premiums for the various classes
of the dog show are the dupont Pow
der Company, the Scottish Terrier
Club OF America. the New Castle
County Fair Association, the Airedale
Terrier Club Of New England, the Bos-
ton Terrier Club, the Irish Terrier
Club, the American Pomeranian Club
and many individuals.
Evening journal., 1910-08-11
200 TURKEY and
RABBIT STOLEN

Some person last night carried away
the prize turkey gobbler and a rabbit
from the Free Zoo. II was upon the
first round Of the park guard this
morning that the theft was discovered.
The wire netting surrounding the poul-
try-yard in the ZOO was torn down,
and the turkey gobbler.. the pride of
the zoo, was missing.
WHOEVER did the trick tore down
the roof enclosing the rabbit yard
from its hingest. Blood appeared from
end TO end Of the park path, and there
is no doubt that the culprit killed
both bird and rabbit upon securing
them.
A reward Of S25 has been offered
by the Washington Heights Associa-
ton for the arrest and conviction OF
the person who got the turkey and
rabbit. The police are on the look
out, but at noon no arrests had been
made.
Evening journal., 1910-08-11
NO "sMOKE ROOM" FOR THEM.
Ohio Petitioners Told Cigarette SmOk,
ing by Fair Sex Is Vulgar.

COLUMBUS, Aug. 1.-THE State
Board of Agriculture has refused the
request of women of the State for a
smoking-room in a new women's build
ing II is now erecting on the State
Fair Grounds. The names of the petit
TONERS are not made public.
To the boards statement that cigar
cite smoking by women was vulgar the
rejoinder was made that it was not, al
least not more so than the wearing OF
sheath gowns, which the board per
mitted two years ago at the request OF
an Eastern mOdiste for advertising
nurpOseS.