davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1910-05-03

The redemption Of Treasury notes
continued for some years, but IN sucH
constantly diminishing volume hat II
is evident that, Of those reported I'M
redeemed in 1881, many were lost or
DESTROYED. Indeed, Treasurer Macon
in 1891 estimated that not more than
$4,000 to $4,000 remained in cfrcu-
iation. It Is OF curious interest that
the Treasury notes, being IN denomi-
nations ranging from five 70 seventy
i've cents, had driven specie change
from circulation. The redemption OF
these notes deprived the Treasury OF
change and made necessary an act OF
Legislature for the purchase of $4,000
Of specie change at an expense not
exceeding : Il per cent. Only one
OF the State banks could aid the
Treasury IL this emergency, though
all were applied to. The President
OF the branch Bank Of Cape Fear at
Fayetteville brought s2,T00 IN specie
change to Raleigh for that purpose.
The reFenu system Of the State was
defective and ineqUitabla. and Its ad-
mlnisiration inefficient. The taxes
collected fell short Of paying the cur
rent expenses OF government at a
time when these were so small that
the mere expenses Of the General AS
sembly exceeded the aggregate ey-
penditureS Of all the other departments
p1 the Government Unfte0 TO the dp-
preparations for internal improves
ments. More than one-third Of the
entire revenue was derived from the
poll tax, and land contributed an
amount nearly as large. There was
no tar on ~inCornes OF On monte cap
tai.
The State Treasurer feeling1y com
planned. 1T seems hardly reasonable
that the owners of real estate should
De subjected 10 q tax Of one-half to
three-fourths per cent OIL the value
OF their property and the rich CAPT
talist left untouched" This system
continued during the entire decade.
except the act providing a new mode
OF assessing the lands for taxation,
under which lands were more gener-
ally reached than before. though fif-
teen million acres were still unlisted.
The State was not in debt, and or
binary expenses of government aver
aged about $4,000. The ordinary
revenue from taxation payable into
the Treasury October. 1882, was s66,-
905.73.
The State was financially interested
in Banks. Internal improvements and
the Literary Fund. There were four
classes of Investment in bank stock:
L. Owned by the State-diyidends I'M
appropriated: 2. Owned by the State
dividends appropriated to fund for
Internal improvement: 3. Owned by
the State-dividends appropriated to
Literary Fund; 4. Owned by Literary
Fund.
The holdings were as follows:
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1910-05-03
A DECADE IN OUR HISTORY
Continued from Page F~ourteen.)

49, ,;77c of state banks and Of the
Srorcb Rank of the United States con-
st;t1Ited the principal currency. Inc
Charters Of the State banks We're to
expire in 1885 and their bills We're
being retired preparatory to q fnai
Ii0uidation Of their affairs. A large
norton of the Treasury notes had peen
redeemed and burnt, so that the cur.
t~aiInopDt in those two items u
nv more than q third the total cir
cuIation belonging to the State, as
shown IN the following statement:
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1910-05-03

The legislative Committee on Cur
rency and Banks reported in 1833, 1T
may almost be said thai the State.
at this time. Is destitute OF q circu-
lating medium: It has scarcely any OF
it's own, and Of that which our peo-
pie are compelled to employ. there is
a deficiency in quantity and quality"
This state of things is altogether
owing to the circumstances of the
existing banks now winding up their
business, collecting their debts, and
withdrawing their notes from circu-
iation." Probably, at this time, the
whole amount Of notes in circulation
falls short Of one million dollars;
while the debt Tue to these banks,
alone, is considerably more than two
million, the branch Of the United
States Bank in this State, constrained
by circumstances. has ceased to make
any further discounts; while it goes
on collecting its deb against our c1n-
zens to the mount Of nearly another
million OF dollars. What mount Of
notes it may have in circulation IN
North Carolina we have no meaus OF
ascertaining. though it Is believed that
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1910-05-03

The capital and circulation OF these
banks in 1892, was:
Cir
Capital. culation.
State Fank. ~.s1.59S,7T5 1875 $50
Bank Of Cape
Fear. ...... $4,000 s26,152
Bank OF New
Bern...... -. s09;4oo 1ee,481
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1910-09-30
OBSERVATIONS

Medicine children
public IN
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1910-09-30

own walking delegates. And II Is dim
cult 10 blame many a man with wiie
and children dependent upon him TOT
signing almost any petition urged by
those who, with or without reason the
worker considers spies as well as ad'
vocates OF the managements argu-
ments.
Yet, In the present instance. we
doubt II there has been any coercion
or other wrong influence exerted ex-
cept Misrepresentation. We think the
men have simply been deceived into
the belief that the employees can OBJ
tain fair wages only by supporting the
companies In the appeal to the gov
eminent 10 authorize all such rate In
creases as the railroads declare TO De
necessary.
BY accepting unreservedly the the
ory that whatever the companies want
Is good for the men, regardless OF the
rights OF the public. the railroad broth
erhoods forgot their own history. their
best interests and their private as
we'll as public duties.
In every labor conflict where labor's
contentious were just the public has
supported labor's cause. Every con-
cession wrung from these same rail-
roads by these brotherhoods-fair
work hours. safety appliances, en-
ployers' liability and wage increase
has been compelled by the force OF
public opinion against the bitter and
prolonged opposition OF the corpora
tons.
Yet, the brotherhoods now propose.
without the excuse OF reason, logic
and proved facts, TO oppose the public
welfare by ignoring the third party
in interest In every dispute between
a public service corporation and It's
servants--the general public.
Some respect might be due their de-
termination II In the four columns or
speeches and resolutions there could
be found a single fact or sound argu-
ment for the proposed increase OF
rates. But there Is nothing concern
ing the relation of gross earnings 10
net profits. nothing about wages being
made secondary TO dividends upon
false capitalization. nothing at all, In
fact. except a wholesale Endorsement
Of the railroads assertion OF right 10
mulct the people OF many more mil
lions each year.
The brotherhoods take this stand
without modifying II by demand for
safeguards OF their own and the pub
lies interests. And thereby they un'
derwrite all past thievery and all pres
emit abuses into which honest and thor
ough inquiry Is now being made for
the first time by an interstate com
merce commission endowed with ade.
quate powers.-Philadelphia North
American.
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1910-09-30
MIsP0KEN ENGLISH.

Prior TO" Is usually unnecessary;
the word before" is shorter and
more natural, and better English.
From the fact that Is not so good
as because" or for"
Inside or is often misused, as in
side of an hour" II Is difficult to see
how anything could get inside OF an
hour" II Is not obvious that an hour
has any inside. You'd better say in
or within" when you refer 10 dura-
ton OF time
"All of a Sudden" may be idiomatic.
but it Is awkward, and probably un-
grammatical Suddenly" Is certain
ly correct.
Subsequent to" Is the same sort OF
expression as prior to-" II Is awk-
ward, and the adjective Is often In
correctly used for the adverb sub
sequently." You'd better say after. "
I'm the neighborhood or is an I'M
calmly expression meaning about" or
near"
"A certain person" Is not SO good
as somebody"
A woman had better 'go to her
ROOM than withdraw to her apart
ment."
When you desire a thing. why say
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1910-09-30

School children In spectacles are becoming aarmnsy
common Mind strain may not show itself plainly
the exterior but Is there any to doubt that
II II any less than the other? Certainly, II II
more serious In It's ultimate results.
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1910-09-30
UNION LABOR'S BLUNDER

their business and cost of operation"
and appealing TO the president, the
interstate commerce commission and
"all national and state lawmaking
bodies" to permit the railroads to
raise freight rates, was deplorable
error.
We think that error was an honest
one. The wage club raised over their
heads has driven them into the trap.
They blindly agree TO allow their
strength to be used as a scantily veil
ed political threat by the corporations.
We know how the petition game"
has been worked among railroad en-
ployes. The companies have their
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1910-09-30
N0w-AFTER.

(From the Free Press. Sept. Esd
Friends OF good government every
where will read with deep satisfaction
the definite news that the New York
state Republican convention has elect
ed Theodore Roosevelt as its tenn
porary chairman.
The campaign OF the ex-president
has been fought In the open. His mo-
tives have been declared publicly. He
has resorted TO no tricks or subter-
fnges TO oYerturn the catch verdict
registered by the Republican state
committee for his opponent. He went
10 the people with his fight. His ad.
versaries. on the other hand. have
left untried no stratagem OF politics
thorized use OF the presidents name
was not too extreme course for
them to try. Suppression OF fact, sec
recy and misrepresentation have been
their weapons.
In such a conflict every instinct OF
decent citizenship sides with the tri-
umphant fighters. The efforts on the
part OF a few bosses TO retain their
control OF ONCE and TO drive the peo-
Pile to retrogade from high standards
instead OF leading them to loftier
ideals In public affairs has been repel-
liant TO good Republicans everywhere.
It's success could have had nothing
but misfortune for the destinies OF the
party throughout the country and its
failure will bring cheer to all who
hope for a sinking OF differences and
a joining OF efforts for the perpetual
ton OF honest government.
The Saratoga result. brought about
by the harmonious work OF President
Taft and his predecessor in ONCE and
made possibly only by the co-opera-
ton of the two, ought 10 do more than
any other conceivable happening In
politics this year to unite the Repub-
lican party. IL its two leaders can
together achieve such an apparent I'M
possibility as the overthrowing OF the
New York bosses, what obstacle Is
there to prevent the followers from
uniting and winning even a more
memorable victory In November?
Whether the defeated bosses In
New York will accept the result or
not must be one OF the features OF the
coming campaign and upon their ac-
ton will depend the case or difficulty
of the party's task In working for
November victory. Their detection
would be made good 10 considerable
extent by the rallying Of many good
citizens in the state TO the side that
stands for better government. but this
accretion Of strength might or might
not prove sufficient to win the cleo
ton. Outside OF New York, however,
the influence Of the convention must
be altogether for unity and harmony
and the New York situation Is OF much
less consequence than the wider In
terests OF the party In the nation.
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1910-09-30

It is a matter for sincere regret that
on Sunday last four Of the largest
and strongest labor organizations In
the world united In blunder that
will react heavily upon the wisdom OF
union labor In the estimation OF all
thoughtful citizens.
The action in New York OF 5000
delegates Representing the Brother
hood Of Locomotive Engineers, the
Brotherhood of Locomotive Ffremen
and Enginemen. the Order OF Railway
Conductors and the Brotherhood OF
Railroad Trainmen In declaring that
the present earnings OF American rail-
roads "are not commensurate with
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1910-09-30

that you ARE DESTROYS of obtaining
itf
II you hope" why say that you
ARE In hopes?"
IL you conclude" why arrive at a
conclusion?"
You need not avail yourself or q
thing. when you can take" It.
And II IL stilted to say mot any"
when you mean no"
Sob Printing Done Right. Times
Printing Co., Is John Rat Call Main
14ss. or City 33s5.
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1910-09-30
From Another Point of View

- coonei seemingly
brakeman who
1Hcon VIII TOO.
~ ocee a
Wn aso Rowleys
--' -
- (To D. cenhnued)
would something
.11lo1 ; wroes stoveppa
hss wsl II snd1 the
<<'<~~,e~ report ofa canal
Of
a a habit, Q
IN II will be
nc1D Doubt when can BE- asked II wants cracker.
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1910-09-30
WHAT HE LEARNED.

well, have you learned anything
from your experiment al making gar,
DEM
"Yes: l have learned not TO promise
any one any vegetables: '--kansaa
City Journal.
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1910-09-30
o4s Fer Workers
Fairviev District, :
Bit Not ~ Worth
- Two Years They Have Paid
- ceNts More = Day For Street
Or Pare Than They Should
Hnve PaId-AND THEY
ARE VET.

Navs p.s-AMp They supreme pass finally upon
ARE YET. the appeal taken by the street rail
way company
sustained Judge Phan taking exactly the position
~ n took n lower court
other words Judge Phean ruled the Detroe'
employed what he decided was their
from the Detroit United railway public service corporation obi
d them citizens for the privilege Of running i cars
citizens get AFTER COMPANY HAS EXHAUSTED ALI
IH TRICKS FOR DELAY KNOWN TO CORPORATIONS
yea working the factories in this section Of Detroit
been riding eghfora tickets far the old city
paying compelled ride beyond this point
working places Returning their Avecent fare has
IN demanded and another working
ms ticket Of trip.
They therefore paying 10 cents each day getting 70
Va from work than they should have paid
Th sls working the they have paid $s2 60
fare these two than the company had right charge them
WAS good news that came from the working
|Snen IN Judge Phelan's decision years ago.
y had patient and their patience has been rewarded BY
nsrs good
good much Of anything like intrinsic value when
q Il offered exchange q sack Of -four soup bone
There undoubtedly many the homes Of Of
se workngmn birthday time around Christmas vacation
90 would look like John D. Rocke
Standard Oil coming and hanging in hat
s The certainly represents number Of families have had
without these Of high prices and there to blame for such
dabs affairs ay the procedure of the courts for
the man can always the 10
|H3au
This president Of United States has
called public speeches. yet has failed take
egzinncs Of in official capacity % fur We recall
action brought by the city, to be sur but the poorest work
Lyman Farvisw district whom nickel looks bigger than
gold piece the Detroit United railway the real com
>nanant
&m this angle
what can there be BY who paying
cents during years that have elapsed since
80 1aan compelled pay three cents
What he dot
he Il going 70 grin and bear It.
hat hs ON do his GLASS used to doing that
Hs could hiring suit a an individual against United rail
for hs $easo lawyer gst bulk Of BE got it
On the other hand taking position company only
nhhg Of TTS rights In taking IN appeal
privilege have the ac Of tho trial court reviewed BY
<1dsAr court
pent make thsre under the present rules
ng which involving mans dollar car
ouet more readily to decision provision for the pro
of his involved while the matter the gauntlet
Ths should BE- and in point proper provision
BE- made for the reimbursement
aglion il brought in his behalf BY the municipality.
Judge Phan quick realise importance Of early decision
- their bread BY the sweat Of their browu
good Lord nkes to contribute to pub
twice corporations
The supreme doubtless took ognizance Of the point
This il the second II decided the
defective system procedure which President Taft ha
enneny unfair has taken get this far
Ana now the company will go still higher court
From Another Point of View
- to1onsl seemingly frazzled.
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1910-09-30

The Bohemian city Of Prague. which
has a population OF half a million.
claims not to have lost a life by nre
in Is years, and points TO Its building
laws as the reason.
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1910-09-30
MICHIGAN PATENTS.

WASHINGTON, sept. ZS.-MicHi'
gan patents were issued yesterday as
follows: willard ]. Bell. Newaygo.
grinding machine; Chas. A. Freitag,
81. Joseph, picker for grapes: Lumen
Grifith, Hudson, sound reproducing
device for talking machines; Herman
l. Hartenstein. Constantine, tapping
element for melting furnaces; Fred
erick J. Kruger, Detroit, triplicate
manifolding book or pads; Arthur d.
Luedders, Sturgis, adjustable reclin-
ing chair; Marion Repp. Otsego, slot
guard for paper trimming machines;
Otto E. Ritzman, Detroit, draft at.
tachment for motor vehicles: Fred E.
Youngs. Detroit, gas controller
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1910-09-30
THE CHILD
WHO OVER
STUDIES.


bodily Where gained the cost OF the other the
substance shadow
forced
restrained The
child who complains OF the exacted OF generally far short
body essential chds mental development And
chihs
smile laugh OF true enjoyment
health
neld measuraby
by a his
Immediately
but here is no end to dreams
his He
In highlights
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1910-09-30

There are more than $4,000 earth
worms to an acre OF cultivable land.
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1910-09-30

II has been something like two
years since Judge Pheian decided IN
the recorders court that the Detroit
United Railway must sell working
mems tickets (eight-for-a-qusrter)
in Fairview. annexed to Detroit by
the Legislature in 1907.
II mas taken all that time for the
supreme court to pass finally upon
the appeal taken by the street rail-
way company.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-04-18
The World of Finance and Trade.
Washington; New York; London.
LOCAL FINANCIAL NEWS.

Gas stock sold. today at the meeting Of
the stock exchange at Il, which was the
ruling price Saturday. The supply was
apparently not exhausted At that level, as
the bid did not continue there. but drop
ped an eighth of q point. The asking price
for the stock WAS TN.
Lanston paused In it's upward course
which had reached IS. and today sold on
a range Of from 94H to 05x. At the close
the bid for the stosk was 941z and the
asking price 94%.
1t il expected about the middle of next
month an application will be made by the
management of the Colonial Beach Com
pany to have it's securities listed on the
local stock exchange.
The outstanding stock amounts to 800, >
600 and the bond issue is about $3.50. 1000.
The company controls the Colonial Beach
resort. does a river excursion business. al
well as handles freight from river points
to this city.
1t is supposed the other company, which
is under the same management and Is
known as the Chesapeake and Potomac
Company. will also before long make ap-
plication for the listing OF its securities,
which are about the same ~ those OF the
Colonial Beach Company. This company,
by agreement with the Norfolk and WASH
ington Company. recently retired from the
Norfolk business and intends now to de-
vote its feet Of boats to the development
of the river freight business.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-04-18
WHY MIR. MUNFoRD QUIT.
Differences With Banks President
Caused RESIGNATION.

Edward s. Munford, formerly vice pres
ident OF the National City Bank, and
treasurer Of the Union Savings Bank,
said today, in an interview. that the story
published this morning in regard to his
resignation from these ofices is incor-
rect.
Differences between e. Quincy Smith,
the president Of the two institutions, and
myself had reached an acute STAGE" he
said. "Wednesday afternoon. April Is, /
severed my connection as treasurer OF
the Union Savings Bank, and gave my
reasons therefor In my letter of resigna-
ton to the board OF directors. which was
accepted.
Later in tho day severed my oonnec-
ton with tho National City Bank The
Union Savings Bank owns the control Of
the National City Bank. and Mr.. Smith
and his connections control the Union
Savings Bank.
The statement that l will be In any
manner connected with or interested in q
bank at Anacostia Is without foundation
have had several important propositions
made to me, but have not yet reached Z
conclusion n to my connection. intend
to remain in Washington.
IT understand that 8. w. Woodward has
been elected vice president OF the Union
Savings Bank, but that no selection has
Al yet been made to fill the Offices held"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-04-18
OPPOSED TO co-EDUCATI0N.
Views Of DR.. C. II. Greene Of the
Harvard Medical School.

CAMBRIDGE. Mass, April 1s.-"wom-
On who study side by side with men are
injuring themselves in the present and
weakening their powers for the future,
and the whole theory Of co-education is
doomed to fall OF its own weight" says
DR.. Charles Montrayale Greene. professor
OF obstetrics and clinical gynscology in
the Harvard Medical School.
Boys and girls, after they have passed
the kindergarten age. should be taught
separately. There are very good reasons
for this. and ono OF the most important
10 the bad effect on the nervous systems
of both sexes by constant association in
the schoolroom during the adolescent
period The physic-psychoiogica facts
cannot be disreEArded il We are to study
properly the problem Of co.education.
Then. too, women take their studfes more
seriously than men. with the result that
many break down and In after fife settle
into a state Of unstable nervous equilib-
RUM"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-04-18
BIG BLOCKS OF STOCK
IN STEEL CORPORATION
Dutch Syndicate Holds for In
vestors In Holland 126,e70
Shares.

NEW YORK, April 1S-The stockbooks
OF the United States Steel Corporation
were thrown open for public inspection to-
day at the annual meeting of the stock
holders in Hoboken, n. j., and disclosed
that the Dutch syndicate. holding stocks
for individual investors in Holland, has
holdings aggregating 126.s70 shares. ]. p.
Morgan & Co. and Shearson Hammill &
Co. are other large holders Of the COR
porations securities.
The books show that either for the &C.
count Of or as trustees for seventeen stock
holders the firm Of J. p. Morgan & Co.
holds total of about 10000 shares COM
mon and $1,000 shares Of preferred stock.
while Shearson Hammill & Co. hold in
their name l45,395 common shares and
20,053 shares of preferred stock The
Rothschilds are large holders OF tho cor
poration's shares.
All the directors whose terms expired
were reelected. 1t is expected there will
be no change in the personnel Of the
steel corporation at the meeting OF direct
ors April 26 and that former Judge E. H.
Gary will be reelected chairman and w.
E. Corey reelected president