Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-09-25
THE EGYPTIAN NATIONAL PARTY.

Four different cahlegrams from the
14th to the 18th instant concerning Egypt
and the Egyptians attes.
Interesting the large place that coun-
Dispatches. ths a ewes pe of the us'u world
The first of these announced that at
Geneva. the 14th, the general committee
of the Young Egyptian party in congress.
presided over by Mr.. Kerr Hardie. NJ. p.
denounced Mr.. Roosevelt as IAN Ar,eri-
can hunter for self advertisement" and
ish government demanding evacuation OF
Egypt. to the khedve asking the re-
establishment OF the Egyptian constitu-
ton. The second dispatch reported the
protest of the congress against the action
of the French government in refusing to
permit the congress to meet in France.
The congress charges that the inhibition
was inspired by England. while the
French government or a semi-official re-
Spouse, declares that 1t was because of
an anti-French campaign being actually
preached in Algeria and Morocco. The
third announced that Egypt's cotton crop
for the year was the largest ever yielded.
being estimated at 1OO.U0O,OOO pounds;
the fourth announced on the authority OF
LIE Temps that Turkey and Roumania
had entered into military alliance that
indicated Turkeys rapprochement with
the triple alliance.
The fourth cablegram just cited seri-
Ously concerns Egypt, since any rap
prochement of Turkey and the triple al
lance would cause Turkeys vassal to be
included.
With reference to the Egyptian ma
tionalist congress which originally was
no ha1 OF nd
was changed to Paris for the ed
Of September, the date was thought
to be significant, the ami
versary of the proclamation of the
to be discussed were as follows: %
The political situation of Egypt and
the Sudan: CD the work of the min
istries OF the interior and public works
with discussion of the agricultural
problem; 90 the finances: 4D educa-
ton and examination of the work of
public instruction, scientific establish
mentS in Egypt and the question of
free instruction. The discussion was
to be in French, English and Arabic.
The report that the congress was in
hibited in France appears almost in
credible. But il it
Frances should be corroborated
n. there are chances that
AoSA'ioA' Berlin or Constantinople
may offer their hospitality!
Dr. Georges Samne, director and edi-
tor of La Correspondence d'Orient, d
bi-monthly review Of foreign policy,
published at Paris. writing of Egyptian
politics. says: They calumniate Egypt
at London, and with the object readily
OWNED England aspires to be left
face to face with Egypt A few years
ago England eliminated France. To-
day, England discourages capital and
European residents with stories of
brigands Tomorrow she will attempt
to purchase at the lowest price Otto
man suZerainty over Egypt. and already
Sir Edward Gray clearly intimateS that
the capitulations should be abrogated."
The capitulations. it is recalled. are
concessions from oriental governments,
usually Moslem, which guarantee spe-
cial privileges to European govern
ments and the right to be excepted
from the jurisdiction of the local au-
thorities. Saint Louis, King of France,
was the first to treat with the Sultan
Of Egypt, and France, by virtue of that
treaty, maintains her consulate at
Alexandria,.
Three grave events occurred in Egypt
during the regime of Ismail Khedive from
that part dating from 1859
Grave to 1S76-the Suez canal (Oc-
tober Is, 1860, the creation Of
GS0AIS the tribunals Of the reform
termed mixed tribunals February 1. 1870.
the reorganization Of the Egyptian
finances and the establishment of the
sinking fund of the public debt (May ?,
1876.
DR.. Caleb expresses the opinion that
if history some day should corroborate
what has already been maintained, that
the Suez canal and the establishment of
the fund of the public debt have
been the cause of the loss of Egyptian
independence, history will record the fact
that the educational action of the tribunals
of the reform have exercised great In
fiuence over the Egyptian people The
tribunals besides have maintained the
thus secured a more tolerable regime tor
both native and foreigner.
The judicial regime which existed in
Egypt prior to 1876 was unreliable and
insufficient. The tribunals of the reform
created equality before the law and unity
of legislation. The differences between
Egyptians were settled by the rules OF
the ..Mehkemehs," which were far from
Ideals of justice. In actions at law be-
tween Egyptians and Europeans usage
decreed that they should be brought in
the tribunal of which the defendant de-
pended. Foreigners refused, of course,
to submit their cases to local justice, that
is, to the Mehkemehs. but brought them
in their consulates. which for a fact
were little better than the Mehkemehs
AS for litigation between Europeans of
different nationalities. that was submitted
to commissions constituted ad hoe. When
the case was appealed it went to the
tribunals at Aic. Trieste or Ancona.
Commercial transactions between natives
and foreigners were submitted to trbu-
nails of commerce in Cairo and Alexan-
dria. The judges were ignorant and some
times violated the laws voluntarily. Con-
sular justice was expensive, defective
and in many cases the construction of the
law was crude.
The benefits to Egypt of these innova-
tions, which Lord Cromer has managed
with the art of insinua-
Doubtful ton peculiarly his own to
a.. attribute to himself in his
ooAoA1S' recent book, Modern