The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1910-04-10

tiOns Of Lady westmoaland and her
country place adoru tbs book. which cer-
tsinly mests the requiruments anticipated
by Lady westmoriand's daughter.
- ~fs'
An Absst sbs Pssioss
Most timely. with rsfsrsnce 10 the
municipality of Nsw York. n The appsAr-
anco Of tho volume entitled Police Adssty-
isfrasioa; q CytfiesI StsAp Of Police 0rpaa-
isasioas In de URits6 Staise ard Abroad
ca. =. Putnam . sons). by LnONaAKD FELIX
FULD. Ph-D.. somstime unlyernity scholar
In administrative law In Columbia Univer-
aliy and examiner cfths Now York NUM-
opal Civil Service cousmission. Reform
In police methods just now interests tho
whole country; ths atxiks In Philadelphia
haa emphaslzed the peculiar efilcieucy Of
q State cOnssabnlaFy In certain grave CON-
tingsncies; tho nsw Mayor Of View York
h about % chanGs tho entirs attitude of tbs
local police toward the euforcsmeut of
the excise law. and there has nsver been
q period In our history when tho general
reader was more desirDns Of accurate in
formation from Trustworthy source con-
corning The sy~ssms % police orgnnirA-
ton and government Of tho world.
/ This Information may readily BE- OBJ
tanned from Dr.. Fuld's book. whers 10 IL
got forth with a freshness az style quite
and In q spirit al Judicial Gairness and Inn
paFtiality equally rare In professional ex-
perts In sociological subjects. SinGulRrky
enough 10 Hnd no trace % tho do0trin-
afro o. the faddint In thlsintsrestinG mono
graph. The author 1880 ahundant room
for reform. yet be dos nOt think that
everything h hOpeleusly had even nov.
While hs asseFts that poli0e oommis-
sionsEw' srs seldom Interested in giving
90 tho municipality an efficient adminie-
trMtion Of In police departmsnf. No ilnd
him declaring that nus4 of -ths policnmcn
and supsrior. ofIlcsrs % tho polIcs depart
msnta In cur citiss. arc eelf-Fuspscttng
huasst, Industrious and seRictent mem-
bsrs of the coxntnahiey and sitae =shs NUM-
ber % dinreputabls or dRshoneat police
odEicaEs 10 very much smaller than tho
critics Of our police departments would
have M believe"
From the historians point % view the
police II the child Of the military branch
Of all Oovernments of a usonanchical
character. In which the sovereign was
originally the warlord and all oliioiAls Of
whatever rank wers his ssrvttors. Tho
first organised police force In the world.
according To our author. was a body Of
odIcsrs formed in FSanos early In the
fourt~enth century. under the name q
the marechaussee. 10 arrest and punish
dsserters from the army. lea jarisdic-
ton was gradually extended 90 a. 10
all crimes committed upon
the public highways q the kineddm. and
4 A=s@lep@d into slss c=l=hr=ssa FE=H-.s
sendarmsris. by which titlS Il has been
known since IT9O. being the type % sim
liar national police organizations In all
the states % Continental Europe. -Ths
principal duties Of the xendarmsris arc 20
maintain order on the public highways
and give prompt notice 90 thu central ali-
thorfties Of any serious crimes or acct
dents coming 90 their notice!e They pre-
.esve order at public pa@eants and ofIicial
observance: they arrest de-
serters from tho army and navy and other
fuGitives from Justice; they serve tho
process issuing out of the higher tribunals,
summon jurors and assist In maintaining
order In the superior courts. Their func-
lions, however. are national rather than
local. and are such 40 would be exsrcieed
BY n centralized Fsdsral police force or
RAnized under an act % Congress II such
= thing were conoeivzbls under our sys-
TEN Of government. In this country the
national Oovsrmmsnf maintains only three
police Organizations: (i) thu secret SCR
vics of tho Treasury Departments for the
prevention and dissection Of counterfe4t-
= Na.a~.
clsing similar functions under ths lmmi-
grafton laws. and (N the post ef'bce inspeO-
tors, whose police duty IL n 20 dstsgt and
arrest oRsndsrs against the postal laws.
but who are also administrative tnspect-
nR Oslcsrs. a. their title indicates.
The custom has grown up On tho part
n other branches OF thu Government
u drafting secret service OeElccrs az the
Treasury 60 perform duties wholly out
lido cf the snforcem~nt 0f the laws against
They are Constantly en-
Dloyed 90 guard the PrSsidsnt oe the
United States and thsir aid n frequently
sought Eo= thS tS===ssssSS=ssoa Ss crimes
which are thS subject % inquiry by ths
War Department and tho Department
u Justice. For this procedure thsro
has besn no statutory authorization.
md In ths appropriation act Of Roon Con-
grass sxpreasly forbade tho uss Of INV
money! thereby appropriated for the pay
nent Of persons who had bosn tgnns-
lsrred 10 another department. from the
secret service division Of Ire Treasury.
such Legislation h sxprSanive az thS gsn-
NAL sentiment Of our pespls. which h
hostile % the estAlllIah-
nsnt IL any national or State police
,Twanizasioa sxcept % a most special
sd character for distinctive ans sxp~p-
iional purposes. -NO English spealEing
Dsoplp.' says Dr. FuId. has ever had a
state constAbulary. = police force ap-
pointsd and oOutrOusd BY TIE osnaril
Nuahcrttiss and Opsgaflng 40 tho sole
pSasos fosos tSg~ushous ne snaire ssaAs.