davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1910-10-09

airrnen. trained in the army aviation schools,
which will provide two hundred aviation
offieers and men each year
The French artillery has adopted two
models Of guns to destroy hostile aero
planes or dirizibles. one is mitraiIleuse
capabIe OF dischsrginE stream OF Lebel
rife bullets to height Of seven hundred
yards. These rnitraiIleuses are mounted on
automobiles and can be fired almost per
pendicularIy. They can discharge 80 bull
lets minute The new cannon invented
by Captain HOuberdOn and constructed
bv Captain Carcensr. two artillery officers
attached to the Puteaux factory. is mount
ed on a special carriage, enabling the gun
70 pivot around a vertical axis. aud he
aimed at almost any point in the sky
without displacing or moving the carriage
II can be aimed and discharged Al an
angle of 20 degrees toward the perpendicu-
Lar The caIibre is - milIimetres and the
gru can fire continuous stream Of ex-
pIosive prOjectiles.
Another remarkable feature developed by
the rnanOeuvres IN Normandy and P1cardy
is the great Improvement made in bringing
up supplies by means Of motor vans
Thirty motor vans assured the daily sup
pIy of General Meunier's force OF thirty
thousand men. Eight motor vans brought
up butchers meat Twenty-Five motor vans
carried bread. forage. dry vegetables. cof-
fee. sugar forage, etc The eight meat
vans brought beef and mutton each morn
ing to the front from the military slaugh-
ter houses at Gournay and Gisors. about
thirty miles 10 the rear. These vans were
in constant telephone communication with
headquarters. The twenty-five motor vans
that brought supplies other than meat also
did their work admirably.
These motor vans are about the weight
OF motor buses They are provided with
very broad tires for their large Wneeis'
and the correspondent of The Tribune saw
them laundering rapidly over the wet sort.
muddy roads Of the forest without hftcn
and with remarkable regularity
The field kitchens worked splendldly-
They are compact ranges on two wheels
Their ovens are large and are surmounted
by enormous SOUP pots or uarmites-
The fires are Iighte6 At he start and are
kept going during the Iarch- so that as
soon as the column ha' hot soup Is al
ways ready TO De serv, 1! small mar
mite" inv nted BY ca ain La Taille. IS
OF the Norwegian pattr-u OF cellular con-
struction enveloped II a calOrlfuge sub
stance. The souo is Theoretically closed up
when ar the boiling L iperature OF 100 de-
New-York tribune., 1910-10-09
ussiar1 Cars New Foreign Minister Likes Americans
Ls0oL5ky. the Retiring Minister. HisOoys
"Grouc6y Tos0ord Us Since r6e
Union Club Turned Him Dospn

! greater importance IS the fact that the
/ German and Austrian governments have
/ managed to bring about something very
much akin 10 an offensive and defensive
alliance between Turkey and Rumanis
the pUrport OF which will be appreciated
when it is recalled that Rumania is ad-
mittedly within the sphere OF the organ
ization known as the Triple Alliance and
forms part and parcel thereof
The advent into the Black Sea Of two
new naval powers. namely. Turkey and
Rumania. both ready 70 do the bidding
Of Germany and Austria, IS OF a nature
70 revOlUttOnize the defences. naval and
military. OF Russia in the south. and
constitutes q very severe blow 70 her
foreign policy, a blow for which. as
have pointed out above. Isvolsky is re-
sponsibIe
Of course. the removal OF IsvClsky
from the post OF Minister OF Foreign AZ
fairs az St. Petersburg 70 that OF An
bassadOr at Paris and the appointment
in his place OF Sergius SassonofT
strengthens the position Of the Iatrer's
brother-tn-law. Premier StoIypfn. not
only by increasing the hOmogeneity or
his administration. but likewise by in
diearing to the world the favor and CON
fdence which he enjoys on the part OF
his sovereign. despite ali reports 70 tire
contrary.
Emperor Nicholas has found in him
the chief instrument OF his policy in the
transformation Of Russia from an al
toCracy into a constitutional monarchy.
and not content with being the principal
agent OF Nicholas III or in gradually
HberaIizing the government IN the face
or the most determined opposition on
the part of the reaCtiOnary forces ar
court. among the nobility, the bureau
cracy and the clergy. StOlypin has also.
with the assistance OF his COlleagus.
vladimir TSOkOwtseff, the Minister OF
Finance. succeeded in revcIutionizfng the
ECONOMIC condition Of the empire by sub
stituting individual peasant proprietor
ship for the former mir" or communal
system OF land tenure. in a country
where 90 per cent OF the population are
peasants and where agriculture Is the
staple industry.
The mir was a. cruel and despotic a
slavery in It's way as The oldtiu1e serf-
dom. and the freedom OF the rnoutiiS
from this bondage he owes in the main
to StOlypin.
Whereas four years ago bankruptcy
stared Russia in the face. to-day her
budget shows record surplus. and her
credit at home and abroad Is at its high
est point in a decade. while thanks 10
two successive bumper harvests, an at
mOsphere of prosperity prevails through
out the land The drastic work OF the
last two years by the Premier and his
Minister OF Finasnce. in investigating and
Furnishing dishonesty in all branches OF
the government administration. has re-
suited in the advent Of an era OF official
integrity unknown in the history Of
Russia. In fact. all things are now
working smoothly. even IN Finland. as
far as the internal affairs OF the empire
are concerned. and the appointment OF
Sassnoff 10 succeed Lswolsky gives
prorllse OF a similar Improvement at an
early date in the foreign afrairs os al the
Russias- EX-ATTACHE
New-York tribune., 1910-10-09

.-.,saa correspondent OF The Tribune
,seor5szytas ne Third Army OoTEs S-i, 9. 49,
1U-S.e 1fhe srznd uasnoeuVres II >o11iiAlos anu
Vernon. September 20
To- r7,oss instructive II not the most
,-,,o-4snt- grand manouvres undertaken
- -he French army for forty years came
81 an end yesterday, amid an spotheOsis
- se-oolanes and dirigfble balloons. at
c-o-1rnsv. on tie rich grazing highlands Of
,,7a country os Bray. between Normandy
and P1cardy. which form a natural barrier
egairsf AZ enemy invading France from
the northeast
This line OF geographic defence reaches
norfhwesteTiy 20 the seacoast by the rug
ced little valley OF the Bsthune River. flow
ing from Neufchatel-in-Bray 10 Dieppe-
Tho defensive barrier is prolonged south
e-ly by the valley OF the Epte Cthe ancient
boundary between France and the English
possessions IN Normandy. which flows
ron Gournay into the Seine, near Vernon
The double ridges Of abrupt hills. reaching
rom Neufchatel 20 Beauvais. q distance
or about twenty-five miles. thus constitute
the strategic key 10 the northern front
door OF Normandy and Western France.
This strip OF land was the cockpit IN
the wars between Henri " and the armies
90 Philip y. which, under the lead OF
Fz-ese. Invaded France from the Spanish
prov.aces q Holland and Belgium This
war also the country through which Cen
s-sl Won Manteu1el, during the Franco
Pr1Ssia1 We-. swooped down upon Gour-
ray. captured Rouen and occupied Nor
nsardy.
During the last fortnight over sixty thou /
sand troops. organized into two opposing
armies, have been operating IN this re- /
E1O1, under conditions as nearly as pos /
sfhae those OF an actual campaign. Half /
- this force consisted OF the Second Army /
Cops and auxiliary troops. commanded by 1
General Picouart, whose headquarters were 1
- the nc-th; the other half comprised the 4
: A1rd Army Corps and auxiliary troops, 1
&c by General MeUnier, whose headcuar- /
ters were near Gournay.
z would be tedious 70 describe the tech 1
uiczl operauo2s CT the opposing armies, 4
U-lCh for the hrs1 tine lad their t1u COM
Elements Of field s-t1uerg-thlrty batteries.
- 70 guns, 70 "a swy corps-aad which
slso for the first tine wa-e provided with
wat the French nop san the Fourth arm"
-se-oplsaes ard dt-3g1bie balloons, repre-
Hsnred ny twelve aeroplznes and four dir
7bies-
This was, moreover, the first occasion
'cT thorough test ot the mobile field
New-York tribune., 1910-10-09

so-ryzss-. ze1o, ~ KS Brentwood Company
E1ss.a's Foreign Minister plays so
.rnpo-tant q role in the concert OF na-
rcrs. especially among the great powers
- .hs world, by reason OF his inoe-
r=-denos OF Premier and OF Parliament
being accountable 70 no one but TO MS
sovereign, who often accords nm a
ez+-s ordinary amount OF latitude, that
he appointment Of Sergius Sassonon
p ne post. in the place OF Baron IsWoi-
sir * 9 matter which deserves the at
-eu1ion c< American. newspapers For
= x he who VIII henceforth be intrusteo
-z--h the management Of the Telsuons o.
Plssia. with the United States
,-c+ that he is likely TO take any
oo-.-se without previously consulting
Prime Minister Stolypin. Fer the laI1er
e his brother-ir-laW, the two men nav
--g married sisters and being bound
together not only through these ties OF
l,i7ship t,1t through close and intimate
friendship. In fsct, one OF the advaa-
-zEes OF The appointment O. Sss-
zr-o@ x thai II viii remove all the
s-lc1ton that has until now existed De
2
of Foreign Affairs. while Iswclsky was
IN charge thereof. The differences OF
TIE Isrter with Srolypin We're sometimes
~ezporeib1e for what appeared 70 Dc
coyef-s dictory m the policy OF the En-
ri-e while their snIagon3snl was OF d
7s-ure u foster intrigue both at court
AID n The official world. Indeed, Russia
rzunot hut gain n having as the CHIEF
-,snsster1aI advisers Of her sovereign
-4sz1 who are committed 10 the same
ro7f-~ and who are united IN their coun-
Sc instead of being divided against each
othe~
Al,-ruzr Sszsonof has never 10 my
.,no-,1sfga heen in the United States
he MADE many American friends dur1ns
the twelve years that he spent III Lon
don as frgt secretary IF the Russian
Embassy and a. charge daffalres dur
trF the absence OF his chief late Baron
New-York tribune., 1910-10-09
Ae-opIones and Dfrfgibies Haze APp0'-
emily Rex'ofnr ionLSed fbc Arr Of
ReCOnnoESso

kitchens and for the supply of meat pro
visions and forage by means OF h'oIor
vans
The TTibune.s correspondent, provided
with special permission from General Brun'
Minister Of Wa. and from General Michel.
who owing 10 the illness Of the com
mander in chief OF the French army. Gen
eral Tremeau. acted a. generalissimo and
director Of the manoeuvres, followed the
operations day by day. mingled with OH
GERS and soldiers and had exceptional Ia
cilities for studying the French army and
estimating its true fighting value
In view OF the recent efforts Of socialist
-militarism. II is we'll 10 state that not
a solitary instance of slackness Of discipline
or want Of esprit du corps came under
my observation. On the contrary, the
French soldier. whether infantryman, cav
airyman. gunner or sapper. seemed thor
oughy in earnest and took Intelligent in
terest and personal pride in his work.
Il should be remembered that the French
soldier often misIeads technical observers
accustomed TO the blind, rigid. machine
like, military discipline in Germany. Rus
sia and Austria Hungary. The average
Frenchman, in becoming q soldier, retains
his individuality and remains a citizen
Like our volunteer soldiers during the
Civil War, he gives full bent TO his racul-
ties OF thought and observation. The
French soldier OF to-day does not hesitate
10 express his opinions and at times to
talk in the presence OF his superiors.
But, as history amply proves. g leader
who knows how TO handle the French SOL
Tier. can call upon him successfully for
efforts, hardly TO be obtained
4 other armies of Continental Europe.
A criticism that occurred TO me when
the squads on the firing line is
hat the chiefs Of squads do not pay enough
attention 10 seeing that their men adjust
heir sights 20 correct distances. The AIM
ng was perfunctory. On the other hand, !
he men took every advantage of natural
over and used their intrenching tools with
discretion and viEor.
The French generals seem to be on the
average at least five years younger than
hose IN charge at former uaneuvres |
They are active and supple, and fairly |
rood horsemen. They quickly grasped new
ituations suddenly imposed upon them, |
md executed the necessary movements |
Identity and rapidly. There was an alb /
euce Of fuss. feathers and red tape
The fourth arm''-aeroplanes and dir |
revolutionized the art Of
and have greatly modi- |
New-York tribune., 1910-10-09
Some AoponfoseS Which VIII FoIIosS fbe
Appofrfn1enf Of -Sersfrss SoSSonoO
10 ObEs Important Post

Staal At Rome, too. where he rep
resented his government, first as sec
retary and then as envoy at the Vati-
can. he saw much OF the American
colony, the fact OF his being able to
speak English well contributing in no
small degree to his popularity In his
liking for Americans he differs from his
predecessor, Iswolsky; for the latter has
always entertained d grudge against
everybody and everything pertaining 10
the United States since the day when,
as secretary cf the Russian Legation at
washington, he was blackballed by the
Union Club in New York, the afront be
ing rendered all the more pronounced by
the election on the same day Of his col
league, the junior secretary OF the Rus
sian Mission, Alexander Gregr.
Gregr. II may be remembered, was
afterward placed on the retired list
owing TO his marriage with an Amer
ican woman who did not meet with the
approval Of his official chiefs at St
Petersburg; and a few years ago came
into prominence as the hero Of what
was popuIarly known IN France as the
~Blue Diamond Scandal"
IsvoIsky, who has been originally
Sent 70 the United States, owing TO his
having rendered his further stay at
Bucharest impossible on account Of the
desperate character OF his Irritation with
the wife OF his chief there. Prince Ourou-
soft. now Ambassador at Vienna re-
ouested and obtained his transfer from
washington Immediately after his hav-
ing been turned down by the Union Club
Of New York, which was, Of course, fol-
lowed by the withdrawal from that in
stitution of the Cars envoy to this
country, the late Charles de Strive, and
after q spell at Rome, at Munich and at
Toxic was assigned 70 Copenhagen,
where he ingratiated himself 10 so great
z degree with the now widowed Czarina
that through her influence he was ap-
pointed TO succeed Count Lamsdorf as
Minister Of Foreign Affairs at St. Peters
New-York tribune., 1910-10-09

fed the tactics of all arms, which. as Ma
poIeon said. must change every ten
years" General Michel seems to have
come 10 the conclusion that owing TO the
vgilant eyes Of aeroplanes, which as soon
as day breaks read the orders Of battle
like an open book, all movements and
preparations for attack must be made dur
ing the night
The authorities now agree that for scout
ing, recommending, and under certain cir
cumstances as means of rapid communica-
don the aeropIanes are absolutely indis-
pensable. One aeroplane, in ordinary
weather. can perform the service hitherto
intrusted to a whole brigade Of cavalry.
But the French commanders have no con-
fidence in aeropIanes or dirfgibles as In
New-York tribune., 1910-10-09

their own army. The dirigibles were valu-
able in communicating between headquar-
ters and the capital. or base of opera
tions, especially SO, when provided with
wireless telegraph apparatus. as was the
case with the CIement-Bayard IL
The new model Of aeroplane with which
the French army will be supplied before
the spring of 1911 and for the construction
Of which the authorities have offered a
premium of $4,000, must be able TO ascend
with a load Of about six hundredw eight,
fly a distance Of 300 kilometres ds5 niles
al a stretch and develop A minimum speed
under average conditions OF thirty-eight
miles an hour. There will soon be sixty
OF these aeroplanes in use in the army,
commanded and manned by two hundred
New-York tribune., 1910-10-09

struments of actual destruction. such as
the dropping of dynamite or other eX-
plosives.
II is found that aeropIanes must be able
TO carry not only pilot, but an officer to
observe. Moreover. the obs"Tvers must be
specially trained for the purpose by in
struction obtained IN ordinary balloons.
They must be able to tell the difference be
tween real and dummy batteries and
fathom the tricks invented TO convey false
Impressions.
The seroplanes were utilized In making
dashes from headquarters to the rear OF
the enemy's forces in spying out where
guns were placed and where supplies were
collected and IN ascertaining the true effect
upon the enemy of the artillery fire of
New-York tribune., 1910-10-09

burg, just four years ago.
It had been expected that Iswolsky
would eventually succeed Count Benck-
endorT as ambassador in London, where
he enjoys marked favor as one Of the
chief factors in bringing about the un
derstanding between England and Rus
New-York tribune., 1910-10-09
M. STOLYPIN.

sia, which dates from the meeting be-
tween the Car and King Edward at
Reval in 1908. But the death of NJ.
Nelidoff the other day rendered il neces-
sary to fill without delay his place as
ambassador on the banks Of the Seine.
and as it was considered preferable not
New-York tribune., 1910-10-09
GREAT PROSPECTS.

I'm AT the end OF my ropei Every re-
source I have Is gone and I'm broke az
last"
Have you borrowed al you canT
..BorroVedg No. Z haven't tried that
And you say you are at the end Of your
rope. Why. man. you hAysn's even start
sdl-@Toiedo BLADE
New-York tribune., 1910-10-09
SUMMER BLUFFS.

You said you were going TO star IN TIA
fall sneered Hamlet Fatt yet here Z
find YOU back in the MOB
You did your blufhng, TOO, snarled
YOrfck Fau7n- Where's that fur over
coat you were Dragging about last July -
Washington Herald.
New-York tribune., 1910-10-09
SAME THING.

city people don't buy gold bricks. you
know" said the summer young man.
No" replied Farmer Corntossel; they
les keep pikin' along. buyin' melons an
sech that looa good on the outside. Los
lies Weekly.
Connecticut western news., 1910-05-26
Gave Grant a Job.
business

George Bissell, a retired business man of Topeka, once gave General U. S. Grant a job at $9 a week in his harness shop at Rockford, III. Later both worked in the Grant tannery at Galena, and then Bissell and U. S. Grant went to buying and shipping hogs together.
 Mr. Bissell was conducting a har- ness shop in Rockford when Grant, a young man, asked for job. He was put to work and stayed only a short time. He announced that he was go- ing to Galena and did so. BisseH told Grant to look around and if he found an opportunity to let him know and he would go to Galena also.
 In a short time Bissell received a letter telling of a vacancy in the Grant tannery at Galena Bissell sold his shop and went to Galena and worked for Orville Grant, a brother to the future general, who was the manager of the tannery owned by Jesse Grant, the father of the two boys. Both Bis sell and U. s. Grant received 80 a week.
 During the winter of 1859 Bissell, who had laid by little money, began buying hogs and shipping them to Gin cinnati. After the first consignment U. $. Grant expressed desire to quit the tannery and join Bissell in the hog business. This was agreeable and they did very well financially that winter and the following summer.
 Shortly after going to Galena a son was born to Mir. and Mrs. Bissell Grant. at his request, was permitted to suggest a name for the boy, and he offered his own, Ulysses Grant Bisseil But the mother took a hand and changed the name to Edwin Ulysses Bissell
 ''When Grant left Galena," said Mr. Bissell, 'he begged me to go with him. He was a colonel then.
 "'George, if you will go with me will give you the best place I can,' he said, and I will see that we are al- ways together
 And I would have gone if my wife had not been at the point of death with consumption. When Grant left I said that he would make the best officer in the army. He had the mak- ing of an officer-the ability to carry out his plans. Many persons laughed when I made the remark, along with them the coIonel's brother, Orville.
 He said that he could not see it that way; that Ulysses had not suc- ceeded in business and he did not think he would succeed in the army. But, ie>was not long before Grant was heard from. AS time went on the pa- pers began to have more and more to say about the work of Grant. The home papers were full of it."-New York World.
Connecticut western news., 1910-05-26
He Fought His Boys.

At the battle of Chickamauga Gen eral Willich, who was commanding a brigade, incurred the displeasure of General Rosecrans, the commanding general by some very slight omission. General Willich was sent for ana in- formed that he must consider himself under arrest for the present.
 General" said tRosecrans sternly, consider yourself under arrest and leave your sword here until your case is tried"
 "Yes, general, I will consider myself under, arrest" was the reply, 'and shust so zoon as dis fights over I'll come and fiN him up"
 But, sir" said the astonished Rose crans, ''I want you to consider your self under arrest now"
 ''Of course 1 do," responded Willich promptly, "and so zoOn as l get off dis fight I'll be up and settle him."
 But, sir," expostulated the con- manding general, 'I can't let you go into this fight. You are under arrest. l will assign an officer to your bri- gade"
 You send an officer to fight my boys!" cried Willich indignantly. "He can't do it; they don't know him. Me they know; I teach them. l fight them, and none of the boys would know how to fight or what to do, only when I go with them. My boys be- long to me-yes, me, General Willich. I command the brigade, and I must fight the brigader'
 General Rosecrans gave it up. Gen eral Willich was requested to return and fight his boys" which he did most successfully. And that was the end of the matter.-Youth's Compan- ion
Connecticut western news., 1910-05-26
A WAR STORY.
By a Survivor.

R ~ ERE is war story told by
 @ survivor of Magruder's con- A 0 mand in northern Virginia,
 'Magruder's army was not much more than 10000 strong, reckon, and it had to do some right sharp work to stand off three well fed, well eqiup- ped Federal armies, each of them nearly twice as large. Well, one day Magru- der was out reconnoitering with his staff in the Shenandoah valley, and he stumbled across a likely looking plan tation.
 "He sent his orderly off on the jump to present his compliments to the mis- tress of the mansion and tell her that he and his officers were powerful hun gry-would she be kind enough to give them some dinner? Of course she sent back word she'd do her best. Along comes a yellow haired young soldier right after that, and he tells her the same thing. It seems he was on his way to join his regiment and was covered with dust and looking tired to death.
 "'My young friend, I'm doing my best to get up a good dinner for Gen eral Magruder and his staff Get down and come in, and if there is anything left after they get through you shall have it. said this hospitable lady
 ''The young chap was hardly out of his \teens, and it happened that he came from one of the finest families in Virginia. He dismounted and went into the house. Just naturally he knew how affairs were conducted in the old plantation households, and when Ma gruder and his staff arrived he did some pretty tall scouting around the dining room. AS soon as dinner was announced he marched in at the head of the procession and took a seat next to Magruder. The general looked at him pretty savage for a minute and said:
 Sir, do you know with whom you are dining?
 "The young man looked at him just as sharp and answered back:
 "'No, sir, I don't. Before I joined the army was mighty careful who I ate meal of victuals with, but now make no distinction whatever
 "That settled it. Magruder looked nettled for a minute and then burst out laughing. So did the others, and the dinner went on with everybody in high good humor"