The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1910-09-04
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49, ~ = nsnrlv haif ~~ntitrv sin-. n.
1Hnl ftv- par- alfsis.@s sntir-lv in -
f-.n q METAL o.. day r-rs tfa "a.
~ shs tan tni t.-rursiina ~ " err-
In M Weir prs-s the inshH.try = 49,.
rns al th~ tive
Folinwlns ire intrushirtina q -,
ne q'nil earn. intn 90. th~ n~s~-~asv -
q an~r instruments tl,an th~ r~e,i h~tns a
onr- APPARENT me r~-t af~v n a.
rr,ar~hs- - -orne - ne oo'sntrt-s n a.
EaNs 49, hollpw and waa csIt tpto sh.g,
l-asths ard -harp~n.si. but never vi.ba.a
a NJ potnt ike th- a,iill
Not long after the discovery ~ a.
raising q sssse and sorns other Too.
g., dsc,s~d impetus In many. cra.
tr,s-. England tor time impnr,~d
- oso oop quills every year valued %
ti7S Ua
MANY different kinds we're imported
There we're the swan quill from iceland.
English gpo-. quils Iri~E Enose qaila.
Hud-on Raw goo-s quilts. dic1 quila.
British Grow quhlla and others Pollard.
Holland Germany and Russia we're al
big sHt.ortsTs - the product
In making The goose quill pen whicA.
nv the Way. CONES within the memory ~
very many now living. the quilts vsrs
sorted a. soon a. picked and the outaids
skin vas removed nv q hot san haaA
and subsequent -craping The barreb
~ tho quilts were then hardened by dip.
ping them INTO a solution ~ alum %
nitro acrd and hung up tn dry Whsa
Tho ,uill= had acquired the Necessary
bri'tlen.-S the sit was made either With
a pOck-t knife or a small machine foy the
purpose
Ia" metal pen came into Use ahou, the
wear 1901. but ~ was nearly quarter
20 century later when the industry h~-
gan m earnest The making % steel pens
was first undertaken m England In the
early DAYS they were made with N =
holder and pen IN one piece. but This ~
course when the pen wore out nsc~ssi-
tated tho throwing away OF the holder
also. and 80 economy brought about the
separate zen and holder
Another objection 90 the early s,e@
non was that 10 was too ztif This Was
reFnedied hy the side sits seen m pens To-
day The price 81 a steel pen ~ the
pioneer days of the industry a. compared
with TO-DAY - also interesting The
early dsy steel pens cost ~ much a. s
- 50 cents each
Tho metal for pens - steel 81 fine
quality II - received az the factory 10
sheets The first operation il 20 cat these
sheets into strip~ by steam shearng
machine. after which thev are annealef
and put INTO a pickle Of dilute -ulphurc
acid They ara then ready to he rolled
10 standard gauge
tn" thickness desired for the pen 20 10
made governs the number ~ times The
strip u run through the rolls When the
Strips have been rolled TO the ihickn~Ss
i,slr,ah for the different styles ~ pens
they are stored in wooden boxes until
called for by the cutting department
The cutting Of the blanks for pens from
the -trips - done hy screw presses which
can ba operated so rapidly that one per-
son can cut forty-five thousand blanks in
q day The shape IL given TO the blanks
Of courSa. by the dies in the preases and
there ara very many different SHAPED
dies for the different types Of pens 10 10
mad"
The blanks then 60 TO the piercing de-
partmsni. where thew are pierced and the
side sits before referred 10 are made.
these operations also being done nv means
II presses. and requiring many difsrsnt
tools for the piercing OF the different
kinds and sizes OF pens
In order that the blanks NAV ~ inn
questionable for the next operation. which
j. the one 81 marking. they are placed in
cast iron pots and The pots in a muifis.
the tenn peratnre 81 which IL regulated nv
most experienced hands The heated
blanks ar" allowed 10 cool gradually. and
while vet pliahle the name u placed upon
them hy means ~ a stamping machine
Thus far the zen In fiat. and now CONES
the very important operation Of raising
IL TO the form Of the finished pen The
proceSs IL said 20 he very intricate. for
] 10y improper raising all the work in the
/ former departments can he rendered
/ useless
! A screw press Of special construction ~
used for this work When the handle
IL moved the screw de~cends and forces
! the pen down upon a die Most minute
adjustments must BE- made before the
operators can begin work The pens are
| removed by compressed air
/ Next they must he hardened. A. this
/
dropped into oil after which they are
| thoroughly cleaned and ara ready fnr
tenpering This IL accomplished by re-
heating in cylinders which revolve over
a steady fire This operation gives therr
. the elastic qualities Necessary to meet
J any particular requirement
/ In m there are some fifteen processes
through which each pen must 60 After
I tempNrinR comes securing Tho pens are
nut IN tumbling barrels With securing
Substances whore they r"volve for sew
eral hours The baths which the per
undergo m he securing room have much
I 90 do in determining IN" life ~ the steel
There are Two classN~ ~ operators IN
th. next deuart nant tho@e who do wha'
l. known ~ straight grinding and
cross grinding Some pens require
10th operations other types hut one N"
grinding - To give tho pens better TX
holding prpI-.rtis- and further elaS'Irr'y
Tn. work - done upon emery WLe"s
An "Nprrt straight grinder can grind
about twenty-five % minute. a HrNss
grinder twelve pens q minute
Tn" OPERATION Of Sitting the zen from
the plar. where II has heen pierced Il ~
20 IN" point l. m reality m" mos' y ~