The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1910-12-25
WASTE ~ rHE EURNArE.
rssr vsetsrs In Gettans the ness Resent.
out % Zeal.

out % Zeal
when you turn on the electric Ugh
hanging over your desk the little carbon
iilament gives you just one-hah 20 pei
cent, Of the latent power In the coal burne'
in your basement furnace or In the distant
power house
Ninety mine and one-half per cent
OF that power il wasted. says Sys,,m. Ii
leaks away somewhere bs, w-cn the coal
! pile and your incandescent globe.
! Were every bit OF energy in the coal
used, when you turned on the little button
over your desk ?O0 lamps would have
sprung into light.
! Go TO your elevator and pull the start:
Ing rope. or into your factory and throw
the lever that starts the lathe. II your
steam plant il the average. only , per
cent. Of the energy originally in your
coal has got as far az the lathe.
Where does the other % peg cent gos
fifty-five per cent il lost in the hrebox
and boiler, % per cent. disappears in the
engine: per cent. IL used up in trans
mission: sickly , per cent. finally creeps
ont to drive the machine. This waste
~ from " to seis per cent. ii coal is "A
drain on the pock.tbooks Of every one
Of us.
Coal IL a compound consisting roughly
~ four elements: carbon. volatile matter
or gas. moistur. and ash. Tn. COM
bustibls,. are the carbon and tn. gas;
the rest ~ refuse: q, will not burn. The
carbon and the gas burn under different
conditions. The problem IL To make them
burn simultaneously. but manly to make
the gas burn at all: that last IL the hard
knot
Now anthracite coal and coke are
almost all carbon ~ per cent plus
and will burn anywhere. Smokel.ss
coat has Ii per cent gas and will burn
easily. Generally speaking the further
west you gn IN coal fields the more gas
you encounter. In Illinois Won find
coal IN which Of the comh,IstIble matter
- per cent. IL gas and - carbon I'LL
noIs coal gives less power only b-caris..
~ contains IA greater percentage. 81 i'm
p'iritles. But even at that he average
furnace gets less energy than it might
from the c"mb,istihlss in Illinois coal
because the prepond-ranre IT gas makes
combustion more difficult
Tn" buyer location usually deter
mines What coal h. must busy Tor ii l. I
noi the iEUning cost of coal hut cost plus Z
freight thar makes ia. price ~ il j.. |,
character ~ coal plus location plus cost
that makes the buyers decision.
The character of coal. iia location
and cusi determine WHERE. and when il !
should he used In eastern P.nnsvl- /,
\ ANA is anthracite almost pure carbon.
hence burning in the least space. suited
4" narrow quarters and giving under
h.a Ian. - I'm
Is.r cent efficiency. To the lazy or in
different man u ~ ideal hut fr-igh
charges make II too expensive for steam
making for anv except eastern Pcnnsyl-
ana and New York
In western Pennsylvania il Youghio-
<h.ny. Ras coal purely reasonably
high IN carbon. "a to rs PER cent very
-ich IN heavy "a 80 and burned com
Detsly with &ffiCulty hgcaus. If IN.
rouf'le with that gaG. II requires
inlck hot fir. from th. start plenty of
iran and a hig combustion chamh-r
becau-. of the demand IN Pitt-burg
and fOr special Uses. we'll A. b.caus.
Il "A diminishing supply. the Increasing
'ric- makes Il prohthitive 10 those vino
AN burn other gaseous Goals Natur-
llly II burns under avarag. conditions
n - To- - Der cent. 1T efficiency u loss
u - per cent frnm anthracite"
Between anthracii. and loughingh.ny
l. -mok.e-s ranging
rom % "a s5 per cent in carbon, hA wing
,ut little ga In average plants II - tn.
ItIOn~ most economical coal burning
anywhere AZ ~ "a - per cent efficiency .
h. whole nation cannot burn tins coal
IN account of it- location IN West Eir-
.lnia. Because II l's high percentage
4 carbon 1t II especially desired IN coke
'v"n-. Hat building, and homes This
works. againsI II a. n cheap steam maker
kanawha coal frlng-s -mOkeleSs To-
he west. Rich IN only gas II l. dema nd.d
or glass and brick works and anf"alIng
furnaces BEING Also a domestic coal
- selling pric. pats u beyond reach
4 many steam users
Ohio and Mississippi Valley Goals
hose from Ohio. IndmnI. Illinois Ken