The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1910-10-27

/ NN"ANI VI NAAC l llALOu OActLOS- a yCdI
or so after the fight Benton moved
to St. Louis. where he opened a law
office in connection with a newspaper
| of which he became editor He be-
came prominent at once in the discus
| sion of public questions, and took a
leading part in securing the admis-
| sion of Missouri into the union. Aft
er five Years residence in Missouri
he was elected by the legislature one
of the states first two United States
senators.
Declined Money Profit from Public
Service.
Immediately upon his election. with
! scrupulous regard for his official in
tegrity. Benton called all of his clients
to his Office and told them that ne
could not further serve them, as there
might be a conflict between their in
terest and the public welfare. For
some of his clients he had litigation
over land grants, and as senator he
was in a position, through the enact
ment Of laws, to make them and him
self wealthy in the settlement of dis
puted titles. He refused even to rec
ommend an attorney to them, lest this
might embarrass him in his public
duty. His idea Of public Office
was that an official had no more right
to use his public functions to aid per-
sOnal friends or to advance his own
fortune than he would have to put his
hand into the public treasury and take
money thercfTom to pay a private
debt Through all his Off cial career
Benton was true to this ideal and was
incorruptible and above rcproach from
any venal standpoint.
Championed missouri Compromise"
| Benton's career Of constructive
( craftsmanship was the greatest Mis-
/ souri, or the west has produced He
/ came upon the stage of public activity
with the enactment Of the Missouri
compromise. which was largely his
work. He left public life coincident
with the repeal of that measure.
/ Under this compromise Missouri was
admitted into the Union (though It
was some years later before the state
was formally recOgnized) as q slave
state, with the provision that no state
created out of the Louisiana purchase,
north of the southern boundary Of
/ Missouri should be admitted with
| slavery It hushed slavery agitation
for a decade and any attack upon It
for a time was resisted by south as
well as north. Benton was SO years
old when he took his seat and had
/ lived exactly half the years given to
him. Monroe was Just beginning his
second term as president Calhoun was
secretary of war, Henry Clay was
speaker of the house Of representa-
tives In the next presidential con
test Benton supported Clay against
Jackson, but ever after that he was
Clays political enemy and Jackson's
warmest and strongest supporter.
Father Of Homestead Law.
To Benton more than any other man
IS due the fact that there IS no from
tier in the United States today. What
was a Wilderness west of the Rocky
mountains fifty years ago IS now set
tied by happy and prosperous men
| and women by reason of his effort in
securing the enactment of the home
stead law. Benton established the pol
icy Of selling public land at a maxi
mum of S125 an acre, giving prefer
ence to actual settlers and securing to
& settlers the right Of preemptiOn. This
made settlement easy and streams Of
] hncrar al
10 move westward.
Benton looked into the future fur
Their than any other statesman Of his
/ time In answer to the taunts that the
western country, particularly Oregon,
would never be anything more than
a hunting ground, he prophesied that
/ the time would come when there
would be more people west of the
/ Rockies than east. He advocated the
construction Of a military road to New
/ Mexico, and was so earnest in his sup
port of the idea of a transcOntinental
railroad that his enemies charged him
with being mentally unbalanced on tho
subject, and even his friends feared
/ he was too enthusiastic. In one Of his
/ first speeches he prophcsied that the
! Pacific coast would soon become the
/ door Of Asia and advised sending min
listers to China and Japan-a proposal
at that time considered extremely hui
morous.
/ BROUGHT About Specie Payments.
It was through Benton's effort that
specie payments were established and
/ that all our money became based on
gold and silver So earnest was he in
the demand for a specie basis that he
was nicknamed "Old Bullion" Of
which he became very proud, and in
his speeches often referred to himself
+ bv that term. He was at first inclined
TO favor a protective tariff system, but
later strongly opposed protection
merely for the sake Of protection. He
stated his position thus: The fine eff
fects of the tariff upon the prosperity
of the west have been celebrated on
this floor. With how much reason let
facts respond and people Judge I do
not think we are indebted to the high
tariff for our fertile lands and navi-
gable rivers. and am certain we are
indebted to those blessings for the
prosperity we enjoy" While he op-
| ,o-od Tho r,ro4ac+iva cvstnm he voted