The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1910-08-28
WHY GERMAN
EMPIRE HOLDS
Effective Organization of People
Is Secret Which Kaiser
Possesses.
THIS in COMMERCIAL
SUPREMACY AS IN WAR
When It Has Been Decided
What Is Good for Germany
II Is Adopted.
BY MALCOLM CLARKE,
cial Cable 10 The Tribune.

success. not alone in the warfare O
arms. but in the struggle for Commercial
supremacy and the upbulding of indus
tries. When it has been decided that
thing is good for Germany IL is put into
effect with as little circumlocution as
possible. In no economic line is this
German orgaBizatio moved along prac-
tlcal lines and is more thoroughly ex-
emplified than in the means for the
financing OF the farmer and agricultural
land owner. A matter. by the way. which
Is seriously occupying the minds OF the
governments In Europe: The German
system might also furnish some good
0ideas to America in advancing the back
TO the farm idea
The business OF advancing money un :
der easy conditions to the owners OF real
estate is carried on here by three classes
of Institutions, The most important OF
these, in point OF view Of the scope OF
their transactions, are the mortgage
banks, whose operations arc chiefly con-
fined TO towns. They are private under
takings, but can only be started with
the sanction OF the state. and are at all
times subject to its strict supervision.
Next come the Landschaften, which are
voluntary associations OF land owners on
cooperative basis. They minister
chiefly TO the financial eXigencics OF the
large estate owners. Finally, there are
the land banks based on the guarantee
Of the public revenues. which meet the
needs of the extensive class OF small
freehoIdcrs ard peasant proprietors that
exists in this country.
Public Letters OF Mortgage.
These institutions all have in common
te principle that the sums advanced by
i them arc raised by the issue 10 the pub
s lie of letters OF mortgage of various
kinds. which are bought and sold on the
market like ordinary stocks and shares.
~ the individual bonds are frequently
they are either guaranteed by the entire
body OF wealthy land owners belonging
10 the Lanschaften, stand under the pro,
lection afforded by the official control
OF tho mortgage banks. or have as Sc
curity the public revenues which stand
behind the land banks. they are eagerly
snapped up at a very low rate OF Inter
est. In fact some OF the Prussian
Iandschaften could float their issues OF
letters of mortgage bonds at and %
per cent long before the goVernment
figures Apart from this fundamental
principle the I.andschaften, mortgage
banks and land banks differ widely: not
only from one another but among 'neH'-
selves
Like Government Banks.
This is particularly the case with the
+ 1ast-named which were originally all
[, founded in the smaller German states.
where the machinery of credit had not
. heen developed. Some OF them are IN
= every particular government banks car
ricd OH by public officials and guaranteed
by state revenues; Others al are - N merSry srn
< ported bv the credit, NOT OF the state It
kself. but OF the province, such as Hanover
Dr Westphalia. or or one OF those a@Iliia- @
tlons Of smaller administrative units
Their powers vary considerably. In GER
tain cases their statutes permit them 10
accept deposit and current accounts: III
others this is forbidden to them. rev
are empowered to finance comprehensive
schemes OF land improvement drainage
canalisation, flood prevention, and road
making either when these works are un-
dcrtaken by public bodies or private as
Bociations or individuals. Their princi-
pal business remains. however. the grant
Ing OF loans TO the lesser categories OF
land owners.
Aeroplanists Mad
Strong Indignation is expressed by Ger
man fIyinS-men at the police regulations
for aeroplanists Issued Ia a special edi-
tion Of the Berlin Gazette by the Ober-
Herr Wicnczier, who made a striking
hight around the spire SAYS: These reg
ulations are absurd. The police OF Ger
many seem 10 be trying 10 do all they
can to hinder the progress of airman-
ship. We intend TO send protest 10 the
Oberprasident. and If that falls the world
the regulations in turn: If We are to be
lined G3 every time the wind blows us
across the limits of an aerodrome We
might as we'll give up flying, With regard
one would dream of making them unless
he was an expert airman. the weather
tOUOltlDns perfect, ana I1e cnBlHc "Oth-
Z ing faultlessly. Besides. how can the po
lice catch us when We arc sailing over
4 village at the height of 1000 feet? It
would test even the conscience of a, mo-
tor-trap policeman to identify us! I ap-
prove OF tho requirement for pilot GER
iihcate for everyone giving exhibition
enough for code of rules to be shaped
Tor Il. Everything depends on the man,
What is safe for one is not safe for
Socialists Win Elections.
German Socialists have recently, won
lhelr total parliamentary strength, which
vas fortythrec at the retirement of
fifty, so that they arc the third, strongest
Party Their numbers are estimated AT
\ nearly four millions. and IL is thought
s probable that they may capture over n
hundred seats at the general election Of
next year, Students OF German Socialist
nterature can see, however. that the ad-
na snch oil unity; The orthodox MarTian
scrtion is at this moment deeply divided
%er The question Of the revolt IN
pr the state budget in their own dict
lnerebf contravening the party rule that
Enon,;s2elalist non; budgets must he refused,
Hhrl kautsky rebulecs his comrades In :,
rruhg and solemn article. He believes mat
Sociaiisis are right and have everything 10
sral groups It Is instructive TO compare
With this article that of Or. Ludwig
2nesscl which appeared TN the Socialist
paper. DR., Quesscl expresses the view Of
a large circle Of the party when he says
<nat Tho prolctarlat. by itself. is too
. weak TO overcome the reaction in Ger
many, and he urges that in the election
" 1911 Socialists should accept the prin-
flple which will bring them Into closer
ssucn e'aS with other progressive groups The
4uit IL deepening between the two great
. tcctions OF Gcrrnan Socialists Moderate
men. Ike Or. Qucssel. ar. dra wing closer
~ The Liberals and striving on mod
<sate lines for necessary reforms, Strict
+nrxians. like Kautsky. regard their
+1mradcS "A body oi close brethren,
and are largely occupied In Judging err
tprs. within the ranks.
ttrHns leaked out that the guests OF the
-nis9 on his Norwegian yachting tour