New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1910-12-04

81 IS, where before it had been 81 II.
Each man under the new plan moved
fifty-seven tons a day where he had for
merly moved only sixteen-more than
three and One-half times his earlier rec
ord.
Away back in 1894 the Midvale Steel
Company introduced a differentiaI rate
system, by which those who could do a
certain amount of work in a day re-
Ceived a certain amount for each piece.
while those who were not capable of
reaching the standard fixed received
smaller rate for each unit The men
under the old piecework system had been
/ turning out five pieces a day at a pay Of
I 81 30 Under the new arrangement
/ when they turned out ten they received
! s.; -. The cost a piece was reduced
/ from 81 II to 80 cents. while the daily
wage of the men was 81 higher. Taylor
! introduced the system of subdividing
the work Of turning tires at THIS plant
I into number of short operations and
| fixing a standard Of time and price for
| each. The result was an increase in the
machine of at least 33 per cent This
system was maintained there for more
| than twenty years.
| The standardization of work in the
! Symonds Rolling Machine Company's
J plant in the department in which bicycle
balls We're inspected resulted in the re-
ductiOn of the number of girls needed to
do the work from 12O to So. reduction
| in the working hours from ten and one
/ half to eight and one-half a day, with
| Saturday half holidays, and an increase
/ IN average weekly wages from So 80 and
ST 80 to from SIS 20 to SO The accuracy
of the Work at the same time showed
/ SO is per cent improvement.
! An essential in the efficiency" sys-
TEN IS considered to be the separation
/ @ tho planning from the performing"
Under the present system of doing things
/ the deficiency experts declare that the
responsibility for doing things is passed
along the line from president down to
| the workman at the bottom, who is ex-
pected TO plan how to do the work as
! we'll as TO do it. This they describe as
putting the thinking part" as well as
the manual part on the man with the
least degree of intelligence. The plan
ming, they assert. ought to be done by
the highest intelligence and every facil-
ity provided for actual production by
the workman.
This theory is illustrated by an incl
dent in a textile mill where the eff
cheney" system was being introduced.
The man who was putting it into op-
Grafton deduced from his observations
that the output of the room in which re-
pairs were made to faulty bolts Of cloth
was unnaturally small. He discovered
that O'Brien, the trucker. who was re-
ceiving 81 10 a day for gathering up the
bolts needing such repairs and taking
them to the repair room, was in the habit
Of tumbling them on the floor in heap
and then forgetting all about them
Whenever a girl was out of work she
was obliged to go to the pile and pull
over the bolts until she found one of the
kind Of cloth upon which she was work.
ing.
II want So man" said the eff
Cheney expert.
" mat uO YOU want MIN 1Or!
ITO truck the bolts of cloth"
what, a So man To do truckingr In
went the officials hands.
Yes, that is the kind of man I want
for trucking The intelligence of every
body in the room is now subject 10 the
intelligence Of O'Brien. We need 81
intelligence that can sort out the bolts
and deliver them to each girl properly
The Introduction of a system of scIen-
tific deficiency means a study of mo-
tons and the teaching of men to do
things in different way than they have.
done them before. Frank B. GiIbreth
the New York contractor. who apDcared
before the commission at Washington
has made special study OF both of
these in planning its introduction into
his work. For the former stop watch
is required in order that the length of
time required for each motion NAV be
learned 1t is told of Mr.. Gilbreth that
when he was in England he saw a girl
putting labels IN boxes at what appeared
to be truly marvellous speed She was
supposed to be the record holder at this
WORK He took out his sop watch AMI
timed her motions. He noticed that half