Keowee courier. [volume] (Pickens Court House, S.C.) 1849-current, 1910-05-25
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!. CLEMSON EXTENSION WORK I
Article VIII.
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How to Combat Injurious Insects.
For the purpose Of controlling
them, insects may be divided into two
classes, viz, biting and sucking. The
biting insects obtain their food by
chewing the substance upon which
they are feeding. Sucking insects, OH
the other hand, obtain their food by
inserting their beaks into the tis-
sues and sucking the sap. Potato
bugs, or beetles, are good examples
or the first class, while plant lice are
good examples of the second,
Bearing this point in mind, the in
secticides are classified into (a) poi
sons, and CD contact sprays. When
insects eat the foliage the plant is
covered with poison which, when
taken into the stomach, will kill the
insect. AS arsenic Is the principal
element used In making sprays, they
are generally spoken Of as arsenical
sprays.
When, on the other hand, the in
sect obtains It's food by sucking, It
Is useless to apply poison spray,
because the pest would not get It into
the stomach; therefore another class
of sprays Is provided for, which kills
the Insects If they come in contact
with it or If covered with it. These
are known as contact sprays.
Insecticides and How to Prepare
Them.
For Biting Insects of
lead (commercial)-t'o Ar
senate Of lead, 3 pounds; water, SO
gallons.
How to Prepare.
Mix the arsenate Of lead with a
small quantity Of water and then di-
lutte. Arsenate OF lead may be safely
used as above directed on all but the
most tender foliage. 1t is light, re-
naming In suspension readily; Is
not easily washed off by rains, and Is
conspicuous on the tree, enabling the
sprayer to detect any narts of plants
not we'll covered.
Paris Green.
For potatoes, cotton, apples, pears
and plants having approximately the
same resistance:
Paris green ...........1 pound.
Stone lime 3 pounds.
water ..125 to $50 gallons
For peach trees and other vegeta-
tion with tender foliage:
rarlS green ............ l pound.
HIone ,, lime .'..... .3 pounds.
Water 200 to $50 gallons.
How to Prepare.
Mix the Paris green with a small
quantity Of water to form paste,
and dilute this to about two gallons.
Stake the lime In another vessel; add
1t to the Paris green mixture and
STIR. 1T Is then ready to be diluted.
Where the spray mixture Is prepared
according to the above directions 1t
Will avoid the formation Of lumps,
which cannot be avoided where the
Paris green Is added to the barrel of
water In dry form. The milk of lime
| must not be omitted as this will pre-
vent the Paris green from burning
| the plants.
Paris Green Dry.
Paris green may be applied to the
plants In dry form by dilrt,ng 1t
ten to fifty times with land plaster,
| -four, road dust or some similar ma
| terial. The action Of dew and heat
will dissolve the arsenic more or
| less, and when Paris green Is used
In this form some burning of the TO-
| liage may always be expected. There
are powder guns on the market espe-.
cially adapted for the application of
the dry powder.
For Sucking Insects.
Kerosene Emulsion (Stock solu-
tion):
| kerosene ...........2 gallons.
Eard soap R pound.
| water l. gallon.
| or soft soap is used, I pound.)
Dissolve the soap in the water over
a fire. Remove the kettle away from
the fire, add the kerosene and agi-
tate thoroughly from five to ten min
utes. This will give smooth,
creamy emulsion from which the oil
! Will not separate after 1T Is left stand
Ing several weeks. Where spray
pump Is accessible the emulsifying
may be done much more quickly by
pumping the solution into itself from
| three to five minutes. This stock
solution may be diluted to the pro-
per percentage, as follows
For per cent solution, add 81
gallons Of water
For 10 per cent solution, add II
gallons Of water.
| For Is per cent solution, add
10 1-3 gallons Of water.
| For 20 per cent solution, add 7
| gallons Of water
Common Soap---1 pound in eight
| gallons Of water
| Pare the soap with a knife into
| thin shavings and dissolve in oiling
not water. Prof. A. f. Conrad,
| S. G. Experiment Station.
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