davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Kendrick gazette. [volume] (Kendrick, Idaho) 1892-1968, 1910-07-15

IFrom Good Roads Magazine, New York;
In planning out system Of dirt roads
for state or even a country it is just
as necessary to plan out the location
and construction Of the outlying dirt
roads as it is of the highways which
are surfaced with macadam or other
hard material and of which these dirt
roads are the feeders
In road construction the ultimate
end is to reach a certain point by the
most economic route. Thus in its To-
cation the grade is one of the most
important factors to be considered.
While a steep grade may shorten the
distance between two points. it is false
economy inasmuch as the load horse
can pull decreases very rapidly with
the increase in grade. and it will be
found that it is far more economical
to increase the distance and decrease
the grade.
The earth road is more susceptible
to damage by water than any of the
specially surfaced roads, and therefore
any little breaks or holes that may be
made in an earth road by rain or a
heavy load should be repaired imme-
diately to prevent their growing into
mudhOles. AS water is the greatest
enemy of any road, so drainage is the
Most important consideration in road
building. The rain which falls on the
road must be permitted to run off as
rapidly as possible and by very easy
grade.
After the road is located and graded
and preparations are made for the
drainage the surface Of the roadbed
should be brought into just as smooth
a condition as possible. The center of
the road must be the highest and the
crown slope gradually to the bitches.
The same care should be taken in con-
structing the surface of the dirt road
that is given to the surface of a mac
adam or sand-clay road. The sur
face Of dirt road should be free from
for If not the cost of maintenance will
be greatly increased and the cost of
hauling will be much more.
1t is necessary that dirt road after
once it is constructed be maintained
as dirt road If 1t is to be kept in the
best condition. In repairing it do not
use rock, gravel or brush, but use dirt
Of nearly the same character as that of
the roadbed in order to make the road
way uniform, so that it wears well and
evenly. II holes and ruts are filed
with rock. gravel or brush the wearing
effect will be uneven and will cause
other holes to be formed.
When the road surface is made en-
tfrely of dirt it can be kept in condi-
tiOn by means of the split log drag.
This simple ccntrivance, If used regu-
larly after rain when the roadbed Is
moist. will smooth and shape up the
road SO that as soon as 1t is dried out
It will be smooth and hard. The drag
will fill up the ruts and holes.
Another point to bear in mind in
connection with dirt road is that it
should be exposed as much as possible
TO sunshine and wind on account of
their drying effect. Shade is good for
, macadam road. but bad for a dirt
road. Many muddy place on a dirt
ssoad has been remedied by cutting
away the shade and giving the sun and
wind a chance to dry out the roadbed.
The Kendrick gazette. [volume] (Kendrick, Idaho) 1892-1968, 1910-07-15
WASTE OF BAD ROADS.
About $3.50 900 Said to Be Annual
Toll of Poor Hiqhways,

About $250,000,0o0 Said to Be Annual
Toll of Poor Highways.
Two hundred and fifty million dol
lars are wasted annually on bad roads
in this country. which is noted for its
business sagacity and thrift and which
has been pronounced great success as
business community.
Add that waste to losses occasioned
by bad roads and the sum leaps to
billion a year. 1t is estimated that, in
short. each man, woman and child in
the United States bears a tax of $3.50
because of bad roads.
If this doesn't show that good roads
are a national question that bulks as
big as the tariff. the navy. foreign rela-
dons, commerce-anything; if it doesn't
prove that the federal government
ought to turn to the roads question
with as much energy as it expends on
anything else. then there is nothing
more to be said.
The Kendrick gazette. [volume] (Kendrick, Idaho) 1892-1968, 1910-07-15
POLITICAL NEWS

Albert J. Beveridge, United States
senator from Indiana and one of the
most prominent and consistent of the
progressive" republicans, after
visit to Sycamore Hill, came away
with promise from Theodore Roose-
welt to deliver a campaign speech in
his favor in his fight for reelection to
the senate.
Following the receipt of letter
from Colonel Roosevelt, Governor
Hughes announced that the former
president had fixed Tuesday as the
day for their meeting at Sycamore
Hill.
Lee O'Neill Browne, democratic leg
islative leader, under indictment at
Chicago and Springfield, announces
himself a candidate for denomination
as a member of the legislature.
The Kendrick gazette. [volume] (Kendrick, Idaho) 1892-1968, 1910-07-15
Indicted For Bad Highways.

Acting at the direction of the Schuyl-
kill court, Pennsylvania. which has be-
gun a campaign against all officials who
are negligent in connection with road
making, the grand jury has indicted the
members of the st. Clair council for
failing to report bad roads conditions
near the ST. Clair mining operations.
The Mount Carbon borough council
was also ordered indicted by the court.
The Kendrick gazette. [volume] (Kendrick, Idaho) 1892-1968, 1910-07-15
Germany Recognizes Madriz.

GTON.-Germany has for.
mally put the stamp of her approval
on the Madriz government in Mica.
ragua.
This information reached Washing
ton through confidential channels out
side the State Department. Germany s
action was taken in April, before the
recent series of Estrada victories.
No other European government, SO
far as available information shows
has adopted a similar attitude.
The Kendrick gazette. [volume] (Kendrick, Idaho) 1892-1968, 1910-07-15
CARE OF RoADsIDEs.

Remove All Rubbish and Preserve
Troes to Make Highways Attractive.
No matter how smooth and well
constructed the travelled road may be,
If the roadsides are not cared for the
highway as a whole will not give a
good impression. All rubbish should
be removed, the excavations should be
filed and embankments smoothed and
planted with grass wherever it will
grow. Unsightly brush should be cut
and grubbed out. Sometimes, however.
the brush and small trees If suitably
trimmed add to the attractiveness of
the roadside.
All trees which are ornamental or
which have value as shade trees
should be preserved and protected un-
less they grow SO close together us to
make a dense shade. In hot, dry eli
mates particularly and indeed in most
places trees are considerable factor
in reducing the cost Of maintenance
since they lessen the evaporation of
the moisture from the macadam. In
exposed places, where the sweep OF
the wind would be otherwise unbrO-
ken, they serve to prevent in a meas
ure the blowing away of the binder
from the road surface. Unfortunately
in such places it is often difficult to
make trees grow. Care in the selection
Of the kinds of trees best suited to the
locality is important.
A good arrangement along roadsides
for trees with large tops is to set them
about fifty feet apart on each side, but
alternating, so that there will be tree
every twenty-five feet along the road.
The Kendrick gazette. [volume] (Kendrick, Idaho) 1892-1968, 1910-07-15

plowing width. From twelve to fwen-
ty-two acres can be plowed in twelve
hours, and the driver does this with
only occasional assistance from anoth-
er man, while the steam plow requires
the constant services Of FIVE men.
Having only a fifth Of the weight OF
the steam plow. the new machine
needs no special permit for travelling
on ordinary roads and bridges.
The Kendrick gazette. [volume] (Kendrick, Idaho) 1892-1968, 1910-07-15
Ashton Is Doomed.

TACOMA, Wash.-In the interest of
the candidacy of James M. Ashton, OF
Tacoma, who is seeking to become U.
s. Senator, plan is being formulated
to have all the timber interests of
Washington. center their strength on,
Ashton and get busy in his behalf.
The Kendrick gazette. [volume] (Kendrick, Idaho) 1892-1968, 1910-07-15
Maintaining Gravel Roads.

In order to maintain a gravel road in
good condition it is well to keep piles
of gravel alongside at frequent inter-
vals, so that the persons who repair
the road can get the material without
going too far for it. AS soon as ruts
or holes appear on the surface some of
this good, fresh material should be
added and stamped into position or
kept raked smooth until properly con-
solidated,
The Kendrick gazette. [volume] (Kendrick, Idaho) 1892-1968, 1910-07-15
Abuttins Property to HsIp Roads.

An ordinance for resurfacing of
streets and alleys Of Covington. KY,
one-half the cost to be borne by abut-
ting property owners and the other
half at the cost Of the city at large.
has been passed by the council. Here
tofore the city has borne the entire
cost of resurfacing work.
The Kendrick gazette. [volume] (Kendrick, Idaho) 1892-1968, 1910-07-15
New Jap Alliance Due.

BERLIN.-A new political align
ment, with Japan breaking away from
England as soon as the present
treaty between these two has expired,
is predicted by Prof Albrecht Wirth,
one of the most prominent Pan-Amer-
ican politicians and writer's.
The Kendrick gazette. [volume] (Kendrick, Idaho) 1892-1968, 1910-07-15
Woman Waiting Murder Trial.

SPOKANE, Wash.-Mrs. Vera Pros
ser's trial upon the charge of shoot
ing her divorced husband, Rese T.
Prosser. will be held at Libby, Mont.
August Is.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1910-10-26

navy by marriage with the daughter
of the captain of the Pinafore. From
his Official" wooing and the efforts
of his cousin Hebe to capture the af
fections many amusing situations ar
rive. That just the right persons have
been selected for these important
parts will be evident when the opera
is given next week. Mr.. Williams, the
admiral, is a total stranger in musical
circles in Pendleton but he has had
considerable experience and excellent
training in the east and is possessed
of rich baritone voice of unusual
sweetness and will sustain the role
of admiral in an excellent manner.
Miss Edna Zimmerman will be
heard to advantage in the character
of Hebe, Sir Joseph's first cousin, and
a leader of the numerous relatives
who always attend the admiral on
his visits to the ships. Miss thinner
mann is a favorfte in Pendleton and
all will be glad of another opportu-
nifty to hear more of her excellent
contralto voice.
Most Of the other members Of the
cast have been selected and as 1t is
an especially strong one treat is in
store for all who attend the opera in
the Oregon theater next week.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1910-10-26
AMERICAN PLAY POPULAR
Alexandra Carlisle Scores in "a Wo-
mans Way" in London.

London.-Two plays-one Of Am
erican authorship and the other
which has come to London with a
reputation from New York-have to
be ranked among the very few Sue
cesses Of the newly-started theatrical
season
Thompson Buchanan's comdey, "a
Woman's Way" which Charles Froh-
man presented at the Comedy the
other day, is a somewhat unequal play
which is likely to find salvation part
ly because Of the brightness and wit
ty wisdom OF its dialogue, but mainly
by reason Of the altogether delight
full acting Of Alexandra Carlisle, an
artist Of great beauty who hitherto
had won her popularity chiefly by
her personal charm. In private life,
Alexandra Carlisle is the wife of Jo-
seph Coyne, the breezy. buoyant Am
erican actor, who for several years
both in "The Merry Widow" and THE
Dollar Princess" has under the man
agement Of George Edwards, become
tremendously popular with West End
audiences
"a Woman's Way" win probably
outlive the somewhat tepid character
Of its reception at the hands of the
critics and II II does II will owe its
success to Alexandra Carlisle's unex-
pected revelation of rare comedy tall
ent. Her personal triumph is every
where hailed with pleasure.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1910-10-26
PRETTY PRODUCTION
OF PINAFORE PROMISED
Rehearsals Held Nightly at the Ar
mory Are Becoming Interest
inO-(ASt Strong

Several excellent voices have been
added to the chorus which is hold
ing rehearsals every evening at the
armory for the production of the COM
ic opera "Pinafore' and much
amusement and pleasure were derived
from the practice last night when Di-
rector Robinson put them on the
floor for their first stage work last
night. II does not seem possible that
such an opera as "Plnafore" can be
committed and staged by crowd OF
amateurs in such a short time but
from the results Of last nights re-
hearsal IT was plainly demonstrated
that in another week the entire opera
can be rendered with a snap and
swing seldom excelled by a profess
sional company. Much Of the inter-
est Of the plot centers about the ad-
miral, Sir Joseph Porter, K. c. B.,
who has risen to this important sta
ton without knowing anything about
the duties of a sailor or the require
ments Of an officer He Is simply a
figurehead, and seeks to strengthen
his position among the officers Of the
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1910-10-26

Every year a large number Of poor
sufferers whose lungs are sore and
racked with coughs are urged to go
to another climate. But this is costly
and not always sure. There's a bet
ter way. Let DR.. Kings New Discov-
cry cure you at home. "It cured me
OF lung trouble" writes W. r. Nelson
Of Calamine, Ark. "when all else
failed and I gained 81 pounds in
weight. Its surely the king Of all
cough and lung cures" Thousands
owe their lives and health to 1t. It's
positively guaranteed ( or coughs
colds, la grippe, asthma, croup-all
throat and lung troubles, soc and 81.
Trial bottle free at Koeppep Bros.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1910-10-26
At THE MOVING
PICTURE SHOWS
The Orpheun.

lhc OTDIlcuIH.
1. The Three Of Them. Drama, Wit
agraph. 1000 feet long. A human
heart story. How the longing of a
childless couple found its fulfilment
2. Tactics Of Cupid. Gaumont
1000 feet long. A finely colored film
| showing the methods employed by
Cupid whilst pursuing his employ
ment.
3. Sunset. Scenic Gaumont. In
this film some beautiful sunsets have
been secured.
4. The Greenhorn and the Girl. Lu-
bin, 1000 feet long. He was a green
horn but he got the girl, he played
the game rather well, too, and no
one knew It was the boss pretty niece
until after the engagement had been
announced. They thought It was an
old maid sister and they left the field
entirely to the greenhorn.
Song-That italian Rag.
The Pastimc.
THE Oath and the Man" Bio
graph, drama. A story of the French
revolution. This picture shows the
tyranny to which the peasant class of
France was subjected. The lord held
his tenantry in abject slavery. salts
flying his capriciousness to whatever
length his whims carried him. Here
is an instance where he took possess
sion Of one Of his tenants. brought
her to his palace and made a lady of
her.
"The Great Secret" by Roy Norton.
A delightfully."- high class comedy,
much of the action being on an ocean
liner. A young and charming Ameri-
can girl Is sent to Paris. mistaken for
a spy and is followed to America by
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1910-10-26
MANY POLITICIANS
VISIT HERM|ST0N
Especial Correspondence.) }

Hermiston, Ore, Oct. 25.-Many
politicians are visiting Hermiston
these days. Today A. w. Lafferty,
candidate for congressman, is here
shaking hands with friends. Tomor-
row Senator George E. Chamberlain
will be here and expound some of his
doctrines to members of the demo-
cratic party. Yesterday County Judge
Gilliland and Zoeth Houser, candidate
for sheriff, were here.
P. A Slower. who recently arrived
from Alaska, left yesterday to visit
fiends in the Yakima valley.
A. C. Reeves. formerly proprietor
of the Oregon, is here calling on
friends.
G. H. Uptherove. secretary Of the
Umatilla River Water Users associa-
ton. spent yesterday in Pendleton
transacting business.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1910-10-26

three captains Of the French army.
AN Unselfish Love-" Edison, dra-
ma. A story Of western Canada The
story shifts from the east to the farm
and shows how young man won his
bride by the self-sacrifice Of an "old
maid" A novel plot with a heart
throb at the end.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1910-10-26
Slightly Colder With Snow.

When you see that kind Of a wealth
er forecast you know that rheumatism
weather is at hand. Get ready for
1t now by getting a bottle Of Ballard's
Snow Liniment. Finest thing made
for rheumatism, chilblains frost bite.
sore and stiff joints ana muscles. all
aches and pains. 25c. SOC and 81 q
bottle. A. c. Koeppen &Bros.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1910-10-26

Road the want ads today.
The San Francisco call., 1910-03-29
Prices for New Wool Established
Butter and Eggs Arriving Freely

salmon oil. S5c; boiled ash oil. sSc; paint oil.
35e.
Coal Oil. Gasoline. etc.-water white. iron
or drums. Ike; special do. 12c; pearl oil. in
cases, lie; astral lie; star, 14c; extra star.
motor gasoline In bulk 15c. in cases 22c: No.
engine distillate. In drums Sc, cases &c more;
So deg gasoline. in bulk SOC, IN cases .Stlsc,
yarnish makers and painters ndpnlnas IN ouiA
lie, in cases 1S13c-
Turpentine-s5c per gallon in cases and 7sc
in bulk drums and iron barrels
Rosin tper Dbl OF $50 losl--E. SI:1o: n S'Zo'
G. $50: II, s735; 1, $50; WV, $1,000
Red and White Lead-Red. s1s@9c; white.
S14 9SAc per 10. -
The Western sugar refining company quotes ss
follows terms net cash: Standard fine grsnu-
lated. $3.50: standard coarse granulsted. 5-65c'
fruit granulated 5-6Sc; cut loaf, In barrels only
SOC; H & E. crystal dominos. ID cartons IN
cases S.65c; do . lb cartons In cases. 9. 15c.
monarch bar SC: tablets in half barrels. 6-15c;
do in boxes. s. 4Oc; cubes and A crushed. 5.9oc;
monarch powdered. 5-75c; xxx powdered.
5.75e; candy granulated. 8. 75c; confectionery A.
granulated. 5-45; magnolia A. 5.25c; extra z,
515c; golden C, 5.O5c; d, 4.95c- Barrels and so
ID bags 10c, half bbls 25c. boxes soc more per
100 lbs than for bags OF 100 lbs net Bar IN 50
and 40 ID tins $40 more, in and 10 lb tins
s2.S5 more per 100 lbs than price for this grade
In 100 ID bags
company quotes follows: Granulated basis.
5.65c; "Hgrade'' bar, &c; powdered 5-75c; A
crushed 5.9Oc; berry, 5.65c; c. 4 r. extra fine
dry granulated, 5-65c; coarse dry granQiated
1850; confectioners' A. 5.65c; confectioners'
crystal 3. 75c; cubes 5.9Oc; bricks, 5-9Ocs extra
ine dry granuIated 600 ID bags only. S.4Sc'
5O5c; yellow D. 95c; cut loaf. In bbs only
1859; a & E. crystal dOminOS ID cartons In
cases. s.65c; do 10 cartons in cases. 9; l5c- Ad
ditional per 100 lbs In barrels and 90 ID bags.
1Oe more; half bbls 25c more; boxes soc more
for all grades Bar in 50 and 40 10 tins. 81 10
more; in 10 10 tins, 81 50 more Minimum order.
earlOad
The San Francisco call., 1910-03-29
New York.,letaI Market

NEW YORK. March 2S.-The market for
standard copper on the New York metal ex-
change closed weak. with spot and all deliveries
up to the end of May quoted at H. % "a Is 05c.
The london market was closed. Local dealers
quoted lake copper 13.3 = Is. 621sc; electro
Iytic 13.12ta a 1881 he; casting 15e1 25c. AZ
rivals renorfed at New York today were I45
ions Custom house returns showed receipts OF
no tons making 1922 50 far this month.
Tin was dull in the absence ef cables with
spot March and April quoted at g.. .25G32. I5c
and MAY 81 ~ 50M 29Oc
Lead was dull and weak. with spot quoted st
4 4004 soc New York and at 4.20G4 25c East
ST Louis delivery.
Spelter closed dul with spot quoted at ; 55TD
sG5c New York and at j.3JMj.45c East 81
Louis delivery.
Iron was unchanged. No. I foundry northern
SfSd1S.50. No I foundry southern and No /
southern foundry soft SIT. T56IS25: No a
foundry northern, s17.T5Q1s25.
The San Francisco call., 1910-03-29

TWO localities. This caused a sharp upturn in
prices Opening quotations showed gains of * a
lAc, with September scoring the greatest ad-
vance That option opened at S1.06i2 a 1.067s
July opened at S1.0S1a 0t LOSS. Toward the
middle of the day buying by shorts forced them
to new high marks for the session. September
reached S1.061s G1.0I and July S1.O9A. The
market closed about steady, with September at
81 o6 s a 1.06A after it had touched S1.06. July
closed at S1.0S3. a 1.OS7s
Corn was strong at the start. but weakened
because Of selling encouraged by the continued
siackness of spring demand for the cash grain.
Cash corn was in fair demand and prices were
steady 10 &c higher. No. yellow sold at 6115
q62c. During the day May sold between 62Ts c
and 63asc. The market closed at almost the
bottom, with prices shade lower to a c higher,
May being at 621s @63c
Oats were firm early because of the strength
Of wheat and corn but eased OF. Prices closed
unchanged 10 Z a sc lower compared with the
previous close
Provisions closed 7i2c higher to 1Oc lower.
Final figures May products were: Pork,
$3.50 lard. s14; ribs, 1921 a 1885.
The leading futures ranged follows:
Articles Open High Low Close
The San Francisco call., 1910-03-29
Horses and Mules
Potntnek. Onion. and VegetnhIes

Prices for miscellaneous vegetables showed lit
tie change yesterday from Saturdays closing
quotations Asparagus was inclined to drag dur
ing the early trading period and il was not until
the Gamers started TO clean up the market that
retail tradesmen commenced buying freely. Can
ming prices were Pa G3c a pound while 4l2c
was top figure for extra with majority of
the trade. Rhubarb easier. following drop
In prices In the growing districts. while peas
were steady. with hay lots having the prefer
ence. a large consignment of Mexican tomatoes
in basket crates reached the market. Tine
ceivers asking 81 5095 'crate for them.
Mushrooms were in free supply again. over 200
boxes coming in. Prices ranged from SOC to 81
box. Potatoes and onions were quiet ard
weak.
common to choice and S0G90c for fancy Salinas
Burbanks. 81 .256 150; Oregon Burbanks. coca
81 10; Oregon early rose. 81 .356l1 40: river do
s1G1.10: sweet potatoes S2.25@2.j0.
Onions (per ctl)-California, S1.256I 80; Ore
gon. 81. 4Od1 so; Australian. 81.
Vegetabes-Aspsragus, 312d4t2c per ID for
extra and 21a d3c for lower grades; tomatoes,
s.. 1913 per crate for Mcxican; green peas.
4G5c per liz for southern and 6dSc for
bay; garlic. 5G5l2c per 10; cabbage. 5j@4oc
per ctl; cucUmbers. S1-25d1.T5 per dozen;
caulifower. 4o@5oc per dozen; turnips, SOC per
sack; carrots, SOC per sack; rhubarb. $101.J0
per box; celery. S1G1.5O for large crates.
The San Francisco call., 1910-03-29
Hides. TaIIoyy. Wool md Hon,

Hides-Culls and brands sell about A6lc
under quotations. Heavy salted steers, 1161I2c;
light medium, 1O1sc; light, 911c; cowhries. o lse
for heavy, 9l2c for light; stays. 712c; salted
KIP, 1oc; salted veal. 15c; salted calf. l5c; dry
hides, 1s1ac; dry kip. 16c: dry calf 23e; dry
veal, 2lc; sheepsSins, sheariings. 20614uc each;
short wool, o0GS3c; medium, 5cGS1; long wool
81 29@1I5; lambs, 259T5c; horse hides salt
S2; 2;Z593 for large and 1.5O@2 for medium,
iocgSl Tor small and 25@50c for colts; horse
medium, o0cqS1 for small and 25@50c for
eoits goatskins, prime ango-a. 75c@S1; large
5Q15c.
Tallow-No; | rendered. 5G5hc; No 2. 80 q
Wool-Sprfng clip-San Joaquin years stsple
l2G loe do. months 7014c per ID.
Hops-California. 16623c for crop of 1909;
Oregons, 1o@23c per lb crop OF 1910. I56l6c;
three years, 14915c per h.
The San Francisco call., 1910-03-29
General Nercbandt..

Bags-Graln bags, 5A 95Ac June-JuI deliv.
cry; cry San Quentin bags SIC; wool bags. 27c for
3ls lb and Bic for 4 ID; fleece twine Sc per ID
Coal-Pennsylvania anthracite egg sic per
ton; Wellington. S12: New Wellington, $12;
Coos bay, $40; Australian house-Richmond etc
S12; Pelaw, Main, $12f Stanford Richmond sI2:
Cumberland. SIS in bulk and $3.50 in sacks
Welsh anthracite. $15; coke. SIC per ton in
bulk and SIT In sacks
Oils-Quotations are for barrels. Linseed.
94c per gallon for boiled and 92c for
raw; cases, sc more; castor oil in cases
No. 1. l1c; Bakers AA. SI.13@1.I5; China NUT
cases. 609tOc per gal; cocoanut oil in barrels
75@ISlac for xxx, 7215 076c for No. l and
I0GI3l2c for No 2, according to quantity; extra
bieached winter sperm oil. soc; natural winter
sperm oil. soc; natural whale oil. 55c; extra
roc. No. neatsfoot oil. 60c; herring oil. 40c;