The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1910-08-21
MORE FRESH AIR FOR CHICAGO
REHtRk-tBIE SORk BEING
DONE NJ DR. W. a. EItNS.
Learned From Experiments WITH Nsn-
ke,s What To he for Human Relays
HAS Turned the Town Dut of Ipssrs
~ Var We Gan MIN Coed Results.

The Chicago roo a few years ago was
= hotbed 81 tuberculosis. Lions. tigers
reindeer. pythons. buffaloes, ostriches
no species 81 animal seemed immune
But the monkey house was the centre
Of trouble. Hero there were practically
only two causes Of death violence for
monkeys are great fighters and tuber-
culOsis.
Or. William A. Evans. path loRist
Of the roo. performed an autopsy on
every animal that died. There were
Atty or sixty deaths a year and ~ per
cent. % these were from tuberculosis.
When appealed 20. Mr. lie vry. tho super
intendeni. called Dr Evans's attention
TAI the fact that o. far az circumstances
would permit the conditions under which
animals lived IN the Chicago ZOO.
He hal found that the average temper
allure ia monkey countries was so Fab
renhet The ZOO monkey got that out
81 doors in summer. When winter came
they were taken inside. steam heat was
turned IN and their quarters kept at
about ~ degrees. He pointed To a row
Of monkeys sitting on a wooden shelf over
radiator in a plac, where the Temporal
turs was probably rs degrees They
were raptuouIsly basking in the heat.
while the other monkeys in the cage
were shivering DIR. Evans agreed thst
il sounded all right. bat said il didn't
seem To work out well
The next fall the zOo purchased its
usual consignment NJ monkeys. most
Of them fresh from the tropics and IN
good condition. As usual. though. some
Of them had been in this country long
enough 10 become sah and NANCY sp~ci-
mems. having practically no hair. and with
the skin drawn tightly around their
bones feeble. timid and f"verous. Al
DR. Evans's suggest On. says NeCiurs's.
these were placed aside as safe subjec
for experiment.
Take your twenty healthy monkeys
inside. as usual. this white. h" told Cy
DE Vry. but keep the Ave sick ones out
side II will he interesting tn see what
will happen
But they can't stand a. the cold air will
kill them protested IN. keepe,
If II docs YOU won't lose much or the
monkeys either, for at hes; they can only
live = few weeks
As the white came On theSs five sick
where they wee constantly exposed to
lie chilling draughts 4 matched shelter
was provided. into which they could re-
t"~st wh-n the weath"- became too ICY.
but NJ artificial heat was supplied
enough. except at night when
they slept unde- IL. tn" invalids seemed
10 care little for this shelte-
With tn. gradual approach OF winte.
the monkeys showed as natural an lncl
nation for IN" cold. open AIR a. the healthy
did for the hot draug CHIT insld" the
monkey house Presently there appeared
upon thor ~naciatei bodies a faint
sprouting Of hair. which grew thicker "a
tho Weather baCarn@ more save-e
Gradually tn" sluggish rcltu-ss started
int life instead ~ budding in corners
they began 20 climb and jump about their
cages
Before tho wlnte- was Owe all of them
had thick brow n furry coats their muscles
had grown large aud strong. they ate
eagerly. and manifested An increased
desire for the favorit" -imian paS'ine
fighting The became tho most pOpula-
cIrios ties ~ the POO Nothing IT, wears
had delightei visitors ~ IN Ich a. what
mad now become an eve-y day sight. one
~ th".. tropical animals IN zero weajh"-.
seated upon a snow bank. contsntediy
eating a banana
Bat the twenty monkeys that had
ente-ei tho steam heated monkey hons.
m Slcadid physical cond't on had not
Jared ~ w"ll BY spring MT . slngle one
was alive all had died If tuberculosis
The artificial reproduction Of tropical
condit,ons- had killed them. "a II had
killed hundreds of their or"d-ces-,r.
III" five outdoor animals. however
NO., sr showed tho sli gh's-t trace of IA"
dls~ase And two Of them arr still living
strong. healthy active and f-ro,,ous
though the cold air experiment vas made
Ave years ago Of the o'h"r th-ra pn'
broke its back n fall. one died IN giving
birth 20 young and the third SucrImbei
to paralysis
~ ~ Nry az once revised his philosophy
Of animal hygiene: he rACDSnIz-d that the
point was not 70 maze "a" CHM Ate ADAPT
able to your animal but - make you-
animal adapt itself TO the climate The
Lincoln Park loo. winter and sImme-
now became an open air cold AR roo
In nearly all the cages the heating apps-
ratus was tlksH out aud tn" windows
opened All 81 the tropGcll animals IN
winter time formerly kept IN high tenn
perature. now breathe the air precisely
as nature supplies u
A. a result 81 tins reform there - no
more tuberculosis m the PARK In five
years there has not been a single death
from this disease
Events soon gave this same DR. Evans
q large measure II influence over health
conditions in Chicago When Mayor
Bus-e came into office in January. moi;
he greatest problem WAS the selecting
OF a Health Commissioner When he de-
rla red that he would appoint any man
ON the medical profession should select
\ big committee 81 Chicago doctors
decided on DR. Evans
In an Investigation early IN his term
DR. Evans showed precisely the kind of
air that the people 81 Chicago were breath
nR The laboratory experts reported
hat m ono Of the largest theatre, the
,ir was wor~e than that in English prison
oils In the street cars tho na@sengern
we're breathing. along with minimum
Quantities of Oxygen. microscope par
icIes oI SCOT. sand. hair. starch, wool
rom clothing, and Other materials
This description ~ courSe ftz most
american cities. hut IN Chicago the fear
q air what might be called aerophobia
ILL. 49,