The sun., 1910-01-31
TEE KALEIDOSCOPE OF TURKEY.

NAuDo aAh HONACNcc lOHulcu ON n OASIS elt0cE
OF nationality or Of race and further para
graph provides for the dissolution Of all
such societies by October ~ of this year.
Thus did the Young Turks think TO give
the stern aid OF the law to their peaceful
efforts At internal pacihcation; but such q
measure is not feasible where various ma
ttonalities and races live in close contact
with each other. least of all in Turkey.
Various communities have already de-
Tnanded its abrogation. and the Committee
OF Union and Progress has set the tone by
keeping up Its secret orRanization, which
Ia above all things political, In the chief
towns OF the various villayets in spite OF the
onicial renunciation of the SaloniCa Con-
gress. In Monastir the Wall gave orders
that all Bulgarian, Albanian, Greek and
Servian constitutional clubs should obey
the new law and dlsband. All have re-
fused point blank and have petitioned Par
lament against the application of the law.
Though It cannot be done in so high
handed a manner, | feel certain that II the
question Of nationalities in Turkey is allowed
to remain an internal affair Constantinople
and Salonica will in time find for 1t an edui-
table solution. Unfortunately this has not
been the case in the past and II Is not likely
to be the case in the future. A purely in
ternal question. II has been dragged into
international politics, and various outside
Governments have tried 10 use for their
own purposes the positions occupied by
people OF their own race organized by those
under their protection The evil that this
policy has caused is incalculab BILE, and IL Ia
one Of the great dangers that menace the
stability OF the new governmental system.
Fortunately Greece has sur1cient troubles
at home to paralyze any efforts on her part
in Macedonia. though her bands continue
from time to time their ravagIng work but
it is futile to think that Bulgaria and the
middle European coalition will quietly and
quickly disarm for the benefit OF Turkey.
Tho Power most feared in Macedonia is
Bulgaria. That youthful and strong Slav
State has worked very successfully in the
past: by founding schools ard stealing
churches persuasively and forcibly for the
ExsTchAte it has obtained the tuTbid water
in which it desired to fish. and Bulgarian
| bands are still In evidence. Such chiefs as
Ghennadlef. Tchaidaroir. Iankofr. Costa
| hrodsky and Dineha, not to mention the
famo,.S Sanda nsky, are neither in prison nor
calmed. Quite recently the Vishoists went
| through the village Of SeTres terrorizins the
people and melting them ncide ntally against
their own fellow chief Sandansky. Bulga-
rian agents are still at work "Dersuading'
the orthodox to throw on allegiance to the
Greek Patriarch and enroll under the leader
ship OF the Bulgarian ExarCh. OF course
| the usual diplomatic declarations have been
I made in Sofia and in Constantinople that
! the BulRa rian Government has no hand in
these proceedings. but both Paprikoff. the
Bulgarian Minister Of Foreign Affairs. and
| DR.. Malinon have proclaimed openly in the
| Sobranje the solidarity Of their Govern
ment with the Bulgarians in Macedonia.
and no one will be deceived by the political
excuses and exDlanat ions given for these
statements.
In view OF this continued agltati what
have the Turkish authorities done to coun-
teract it's influence? They have adopted
double policy. They have tried TO make use
oH the evident dssensiOns existing among
the Macedo- Bulgariens themselves. San
danskv and his band have been openly
patroni1ed by the Government. IN which
! they have rendered signal service as in
| formers. with the natural result that Zan-
koff has told on his men to kill the followers
OF Sandansky. A somewhat free hand
seems 10 have been allowed the latter.
which he has used TO his own good purpose
in NNureskop. BOlAtinse. ZirnOvo and else
where. In addition the Turks have adopted
policy OF increasing their numerical
strength by inducing the immigration of
Mohammedsns from Bosna and Herzego-
vina. thus strengthening the hands OF the
| Poma ks or Bulgarian MohAmmedans. Land
IL given to the inmigra nts free of all charges
and ESQ q family for building purposes.
It is asserted that during the years prior
| to 1908 25OO BulgaI ans left Macedonia
and that their lands have been given to
the newcomers. an assertion that needs
more proof than the simple word OF Bull
| 1arian aHitators. The question Of the
| riRhtful ownership Of the churches has
been put forward as the Offlcial cssus
belh II Is true that Parliament passed n
law to the eject that two-thirds vote of
the population in a village should decide
rUTk.. -.
full o official sanction. and believe that Talaa
Bey wishes to reduce the two-thirds 10
a simple ma lority vote. Even should
the vote be taken the difficulty would re-
main, that many OF the title deeds TO the
churches are in the hands of the Greek
Patriarch, who at the time was the only
re gularly constituted authority.
The Albanian question Ia also to the fore
These sturdy mountaineers who know No
llaw but their own sweet will we're petted
and spoiled by the Red sultan: they formed
his personal body guard and were used foI
some OF the highest posts in the military
and civil administrations. At the same
time they are among the most backward
Of the nationalities in the whole empire
or the 400 villages in lpek. the most Inn
portant province OF northern Albania
only two possess schools. In 40 viii
lages Of Jakovo there Is not one single
school. OF course the new system IL ex-
tremely unpopular with thew. sAfhoe II
demands the suppression OF all specis
privileges. The attempt to disarm them
raised a revolt and General Djavhl Pasha
was sent into their mountains with twelve
battalions in the attempt to reduce them
to reason. The Albanans demand openly
the administrative decentralization OF their
fve vilsyets, and the Government comedies
Its impotence to compel them to reason by
force. Il has called on the troops. II has
, gone one step further in its conciliatory
programme and has introduced the Albanian
language in the schools OF Turkish Alba nis
and has founded at Elbassan a seminary
In which teachers for Albanian schools
can be trained. The Albanian languag,
will also be taught in the civil service
schools tmulkiehl. The Government de.
mands in return the removal OF the arm
which are part and parcel OF the daily dress
OF the inhabitants. and the Albanians refus,
to accede to this demand.
The Committee Of Union and Progress ha
adopted in regard to the Armenians tn
same policy It has carried out with the Bul
. Karians-diride et i'm psrd. The execution
, of six Armenians held resDonsihla for