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The progressive farmer and southern farm gazette. (Starkville, Miss.) 1910-1920, 1910-09-17
Notes and Comments.

A READER who wants to use lime after peas,
"A is offered air-slaked lime at SIS ton and
- - prepared lime at SIS ton and ground lime
stone at $3.50 per ton, and asks which Is cheapest
Neither of them would be chosen by me. The air
saked lime has taken up a large lot of water. and
would not care to freight water needlessy. The
prepared lime, believe. has some potash added.
and is sent out with the idea that lime is a fer
tiizer. You get lime, If needed, cheaper,
and potash, il needed, cheaper Then $3.50 is
too high for pulverzed rock 1t ought not to
cost more than $3.50 ton where made. and could
be made anywhere on the coast from oyster shells
cheaper than that. for where live can buy
oyster shells for cents bushel delivered This
would be, suppose, about so cents ton, and
they could be pulverized and sold at fine profit
at $1.50 ton. Years ago | buying the air
saked lime, or agricultural" lime II is called.
company wrote to me that, a guaranty that
the lime was to be used for agricultural purposes,
they would sell me lump lime in bulk in car
loads for q cents bushe and on the same guar
anty the railroads would freight 1t at reduced
rates / ordered a carload from them II was
440 bushels. l hauled this 440 bushels five and a
half miles from the railroad and piled II convenient
to water and saked it to powder with water
and had nearly 900 bushels of slaked lime and
had freighted and hauled only the 440 bushels
had plenty of water in the branch and did not
need to freight it in slaked lime. / believe that
1t is cheaper to buy lump lime in carloads than to
puy sldheu OF the SO-callcu agricultural lime, the
sweepings Of the kins.
LIME FOR COWPEAS.-It has seemed at
times that lime is detrimental to the growth of
cowpeas when applied directly to the crop while
there have been a few experiments made that
seemed to show that lime favors peas as It does
other legumes. Certainly, when there is an album
dance Of humusmaking material in the soil lime
does favor the growth of bacteria All plants
need carbon for their growth Green plants get
carbon only from the air through the assimilation
OF carbon dioXde from the air by the green leaves
bacteria, having no green matter, can not do this
ana one European scientist determined that these
microscopic plants have power that green plants
The progressive farmer and southern farm gazette. (Starkville, Miss.) 1910-1920, 1910-09-17

in the fall seed of the Virginia bluegrass called
also Canada bluegrass. 1t is Poa compressa and
suits such lands better than Kentucky bluegrass,
and it, too is winter grass.
WINTER LETTUCE.-Where one has plants of
a good variety of head lettuce ready now as l
have, it is easy to make fall crop without any
protection / doubt if lettuce seed sown in Sep
TENDER would come on early enough to head be-
fore Christmas, and frames and glass or cloth
would be needed BY heavy manuring and also
heavy use of commercial fertilizers of high grade
you probably have good head lettuce in spring
from plants set in the fall, grown from seed sown
the middle of September, but if you want to ship
winter lettuce you will have to frames and
glass sashes cloth. To fit up for growing win
ter lettuce with cotton cloth the frames will
cost from $500 to $500 an acre, and the cloth
will have to be renewed every second year. To fit
up with glass sashes frames will cost about
$4,000 an acre, and the sashes made Of cypress
will be good if handled right for twenty-iv years
or more. A third better lettuce can be grown
under the sashes and, in the long run, they are
cheaper than cloth.
ROTATION PROBLEM.-One reader has been
growing two years followed by clover, and
crop has improved but he thinks something
should be added as fertilizer. If the clover fol-
lowing the corn has been regularly turned under,
he will be accommodating humus and nitrogen but
he will need liberal applications of acid phosphate
and, in his case, potash to keep up the growth of
corn and clover. 1t would be better to engthen
the rotation, and follow the with oats and
crimson clover and cut these for hay and follow
with peas for hay, applying 800 pounds of acid
phosphate and 25 pounds Of muriate of potash TO
peas; follow these with crimson clover the
stubble and haul out manure the clover in
winter and turn for again in spring. Or IL
he keeps up the corn and clover, would SOW peas
am fho and fha
dead peas after cutting the off and apply the
phosphate and potash to the
The progressive farmer and southern farm gazette. (Starkville, Miss.) 1910-1920, 1910-09-17
More Talk About the Corn Crop.

~ fDING SEVERAL miles In ,hc country yes
IL terday saw men topping corn ana strip
u ~ ping the blades on plants where the
were hardly too ripe for table roasting ears
They fail to understand that long as the leaves
on the corn green they are getting material
for starch making and storing In the grain. But
strip the green leaves of and the gains no
more, but simply dries up. and there Is weight OF
grain enough lost TO pay a good price for all the
fodder obtained.
OF course. the fodder got In this way Is n better
article than that from the cut-down corn, but the
farmer is paying a big price for It, The practice
has grown out OF the neglect OF the grasses In the
South and hence the lack OF hay The remedy Ia
TO grow more hay from peas and SOY beans and
clover and grass Then the stoyer from the corn
crop has place OF smaller importance to the
farmer.
There is another important reason why wc
should grow more legume forage In the South.
and this Is it's value In balancing a ration In
the city where live the livery stables feed their
horses on othhg but corn and corn fodder The
result Is horses too fat for good work since they
must eat more OF this carbonaceouH feed than In
good for them to get what protein they need.
Drive one OF these horses that are kept at these
stables, and In even rather cool weather they lath
er with sweat. and too soft TO be driven
More oats and less corn and corn fodder IL bad
ly needed here Oats are far better grain feed for
horses than corn. and oats can be grown in the
South moro successfully than elsewhere II grown
as winter crop. Last fall induced friend
mere to SOW some winter oats He got clean seed
and, OF course had clean crop and no cheat
Ills oats are In demand for seed. for every one OF
MS neighbors now wants TO SOW winter oats and
ne Is selling them by weight, for they weigh 3S
pounds to the measured bushel, and 32 pounds IL
the standard weight for bushel OF oats and no
spring oats grown here come up to IT,
When to cut the corn is a question often asked
would cut 1t when the grain il completely dent
oil nan tab
ls complete SO long as the grain is plump and
the leaves green. the grain is gaining II corn is
TO go into the silo. cut II soon as In a fairly
good roasting ear shape or barely past H.
can not tell the exact proportion between
The progressive farmer and southern farm gazette. (Starkville, Miss.) 1910-1920, 1910-09-17
Professor Massey's
Editorial Page.
What Farmers Want to Know.

ITH PEAS to be followed by wheat | would
wv NOW the peas for hay, and then disk the
w stubbe as fine possible, working in 400
pounds of acid phosphate per acre. Let the mix
ture of lime, phosphate and potash, proposed by
one inquirer alone. Lime is not used as fer
The progressive farmer and southern farm gazette. (Starkville, Miss.) 1910-1920, 1910-09-17

can not tell the exact proportion between
crimson clover seed in the char and clean seed but
the practice ID to SOW 40 pounds of seed In chan
where we would SOW ID pounds OF clean seed
The progressive farmer and southern farm gazette. (Starkville, Miss.) 1910-1920, 1910-09-17

tiliZer, and mixed with phOs-
phoric acid it simply makes it
less available. Lime is useful,
of course, where it is needed to
correct acidity in the soil or to
hasten the nitrification of or
ganic matter, but if your land
needs lime, buy the fresh I'M
slaked lime and Stake it your
self, and do not buy lime and
fertilizer mixed at a high price
for the lime. If you want a
The Mitchell capital. (Mitchell, Dakota [S.D.]) 1879-1918, 1910-05-19
WHAT ONE STATE DOES FOR
ROADS.

Sooner or later the South Dakota
legislature will pass a law that will
engage the state in the work of build
ing roads. What form the law will
take cannot, of course be predicted.
But, in a state whose one big indus
try is farming, wherein the market
able products must be hauled by team
over country roads and wherein the
business of the towns and cities is
largely with farmers and families who
must travel over roads before carry
ing on such business, it is inevitable
that, in time, the economy of build
ing good roads will be fully under
stood. Whether the state should go
so far as to contribute part of the ex-
pense of improving roads or whether
it should do no more than to super
wise and systematic the work done
by the counties, is a question.
In Maryland, for example, the state
believes the construction of good
roads important enough to warrant
an annual investment by the state of
as much as 100000, providing an
equal amount is paid out by the coun-
ties. This particular law provides for
the construction of macadam roads
and q highway division of the state
geological service, is maintained at the
cost of $4,000 annual %appropria-
ton, for the purpose of supervising
the road work in which the state par
ticipates. County commissioners may
The Mitchell capital. (Mitchell, Dakota [S.D.]) 1879-1918, 1910-05-19
NEITHER SIDE SHOULD BRAG.

The Republican commented a day
or two ago upon the weakness of the
progressive" primary campaign, it's
negative nature, its lack of character.
1t must be said that the "stal-
warts have no reason to flatter
themselves that their campaign has
been conducted in a much better way.
Nearly all of their campaign liter
ature, so far as The Republican has
observed, consists of attacks upon
the present administration for in
creases in the state appropriations.
In other words, their entire argu-
ment has been that the progressive"
candidates should not be nominated.
Little, If anything, has been said as
why the "stalwart' candidates
should be preferred.
Inview Of the fact that every "stal-
wart', In the last legislature-and
there was a considerable number OF
them-voted for the appropriations
The Mitchell capital. (Mitchell, Dakota [S.D.]) 1879-1918, 1910-05-19

and Senator Bates of Sioux Falls, the
"stalwart' leader, declared after adj
journment that there had been ex-
travagance in the appropriations, it
would be appropriate for the 'stal-
wart" literary bureau to give some
evidence that the t'stalwarts'' could
reduce the appropriations without
.neglecting the needs of the state.
The Mitchell capital. (Mitchell, Dakota [S.D.]) 1879-1918, 1910-05-19

petition, on or before March 1 of each
year, for aid in the building of a road
and IL the highway commission finds,
upon investigation, that the road is
one of general convenience, plans and
specifications for the improvement
are prepared. If these plans are salts
factory to the county,. the commits
sioners undertake the work of con-
struction and when it is finished and
approved by the commission, the state
pays half the expense. This money
is taken from the general fund of the
state, supplied by license fees, etc.,
and not by taxation.
In addition to this law, Maryland
has another which authorizes the
state to build purely state roads, all
the expense for them being borne by
the state. For this purpose a state
roads commission has been created.
1t vas believed that main thorough
fares should he constructed entirely
at the states expense, because of their
use by people in all parts of the state.
If SO small a state as Maryland, and
! one in which the agricultural industry
is not predominant, can afford $780,
900 a year and more for the building
of good roads, what sum cannot South
Dakota afford?
The House passed the railroad rate
bill in spite of the fact that Speaker
Cannon no longer controlled the rules
committee. Neither was it necessary
to apply the gag in order to do bust
ness. as has SO often been claimed in
defense of Cannonism. The House dis.
|cussed the measure and amendments,
voted upon the amendments and pass
ed the bill before the Seate conc1ud-
ed its deliberations upon the masure.
Don't suppose the comet IS useless
when it gives excuse for the young
man to stay until two or three O'Clock
in the morning.
The Mitchell capital. (Mitchell, Dakota [S.D.]) 1879-1918, 1910-05-19

Don't suppose the comet IS useless
when it gives excuse for the young
man to stay until two or three O'Clock
in the morning.
The Mitchell capital. (Mitchell, Dakota [S.D.]) 1879-1918, 1910-05-19

|eomnissaon q no sstksnkytSEsssssa
late the issuance OF stockssAnd bonds
and thus prohibit the taxing of ship
pers on inflated valuation.
The House bill is really q splendid
measure, in many features. 1t APP
proaches the system in use in Canada,
where the government has for a long
time virtually directed the manage
ment of the railroad companies and
supervised the making Of rtaes.
La Junta tribune., 1910-07-02

fac. and form TO Il Jelly; bruises eyes
face and body: breaks noses. jaws
and arms. and tears open grea, gaps
and wounds 10 human flesh. from
which flows human blood. smearing
face and hands and body with each
others life blood This Is the low
est depth OF brutality. No civilized
country will permit II. no moral man
or man Of high character VIII approx
OF it. Legallze the bull fish, rather
than the prize fight, II either must
afford trutal amusement for men
/ none the Jeffr.es-Johnson fight may
be prohibited Every man should
lend his influence TO prohibit this
exhibition that is to disgrace Amer
lea. | hope. II the fight takes place
Johnson will defeat Jeffries A whit
man who is low enough 10 engage 90
a prize fight places himself on a
level or beneath negro While 1t IS
wrong for the negro We may excuse
him, for he has been held down to
brute force aud this is his sphere
There was a cock fight the Sundsy
| was at Matanoras. Just across the
river from Brownsville. but did mo-
see II. saw the roosters and the
Menlcans carrying them. The MeI.
lean is torn gambler. He know
nothing about saving his money; no
more about making money He BIS
lazy. iuiolent and has no ambition 10
better himself He receives but 81
to $50. on the American side, iH
Mexican money. but 62i cents to q
cents in American money, and board
himself So Mexican are Brownsvilla
and Laredo and the country on thH
frontier. that people talk and trade iH
Mexican money This. however. ls
rapidly changing
La Junta tribune., 1910-07-02

to wet every plant. 1t will no, a,
to use common sprinkler. Tho "A
luton must be put on in the fo-rn
Of a fine spray applied with som.
force to be most effective.
A common bucket spray pump a.
even a hand atomizer. for very sman
areas, is suitable, providing ii makas
fine forcible spray. Do no, try ,,
hit the dandelions only but coy.r
every square inch Of the lawn. !,
this way all seeding plants Will NJ
killed. Put on a second application
in two to three weeks and a ,birJ
and possibly fourth late in summer
If any of the dandelions star, jD,o
growth. The grass will be blacken.
ed for short time but soon recov.
ers and after watering and NOV.
ing will appear darker green than he.
fore. Do not allow the solution IN
get on cement or stone walks as n
produces rather permanent yellow
stain.
La Junta tribune., 1910-07-02

has never been greater In any par'
Of the country than In south Texas
Bu, one must not expect to make
as a constant crop. anything like wha.
Is given out as the crops produced IN
this country. for right side by side
with these successful farmers are
farmers who have failed and farmers
who failed other years with the same
big crops on account OF market. About
thirty years ago onions We're grown
and sold al Garden City. Kan. at 81
per bushel The next year they
brought from 81 to 81, the next from
81 to So. and the next there was no
market and | saw fields Of winrowed
onions that rotted on the land. Truck
ing Is not reliable and not one man
In a hundred will succeed. in the long
run.
ROBT. w. PATTERSON
Laredo. Texas, June ls, 1910.
La Junta tribune., 1910-07-02
How TO Rid Lawns Of pardeliors.

The most effective and practicable
method OF clearing dandelion in.
Tested lawn. other than ty hand
digging. ls by the use OF iron sui.
pha,e applied as a spray. The writer
IA professor In the state agricultural
college at For, Collinsb has succeed.
I'D with three applications In entire.
ly killing all plants OF this common
lawn pest without iniuring the grass.
A portion OF lawn so tadly infcsi.
I'd that hardly anything bu, dande.
lions was visible year ago Is now
withou, u single plant and the grass
has thickencd Il good deal In consc.
quence.
A solution Of copperas or iron sui.
phate made by dissois ing at the rate
Of one and one-fourth pounds OF sal,
In u gallon Of water should be applied
to the lawn with spray pump 50 ~
La Junta tribune., 1910-07-02
Thriving Populoux Cities With Mixed PoPu.
ulAtion-Mexican is LAZY and Ignorant. and
It-Otero County Residents Prosper

or name or nature OF the owners or
occupants. Just as one sees In Spain
and Italy. Many Of these houses are
built OF brick and plastered with
white cement or plaster When there
Is glass window on the street II
is protected ~ shutters within and
grating and bars without
Last evening strolled across the
great bridge that spans the Rio
Grande river. and through the parks
and the streets OF the Mexican city.
on the iron bridge. midway between
the two shores, is column OF sill
yer bronze, on which Is inscribed, Oh
the one side In English and on the
other In Mexican, notice that this
post marks the international boundary
between the United States and Mex
leo. aud warning that to defnce or re-
move the monument viii subject the
offender TO severe penalties These
monuments are established at frr.
qucnt intervals. As the Rio Grande
Is a most toriuous and changing
river. am told the boundary Is never
so fixed that definite and perma-
ncut line marks the limits Of
La Junta tribune., 1910-07-02
Horse on Coloradoans.

According to State Immigration
Commissioner Alfred Patek there is
an influence Tor something) that
prompts a restlessness on the part Of
Colora ioans-an everlasting desire TO
acquire wealth quickly. that is not
for the best. Mr.. Patek insists that
no country has the possibilities TO be
found In Colorado. and yet he tells OF
instances where Colorado farmers
have sold their land In this state,
worth sl00 per acre. TO 90 to Canada
where they imagined fortune await.
ed them In his talks Mr.. Patek han
dies this subject from patriotic
standpoint to considerable extent.
and seldom fails TO arouse good
deal of enthusiasm.
Recently when MIR. Patek was ad.
dressing commercial association, he
came TO this point in his talk where
he regretted the over-easerness Of
farmers especially and others OF the
state to jump from one thing TO
another hastily in their mad desire
to acquire vast wealth quickly In
this connection he told a good story.
a certain Colorado man died and
subsequently went to Heaven" said
Mr. Patek THE gate keeper hear.
ing his knock. let the lars part way
down and peer.ng out inquired.
Where are you from
Colorado was the answer Can't
let you in. replied the keeper OF
the gate, we're having too much
trou le with some OF those Colorado
fellows right now. There. look. you
can see Two of them out in the mid
die OF he street with pick and shov-
el digging up the golden pavements I
Heaven right now. What do you think
of that? We can't do thing with
them.
III you'll let me in blurted out
che Coloradoan, as he caught an in.
splration, I'm show you how to get
rid OF those two chaps This was
agreeable and the fellow passed on
through the pearly gates. Walking
directly to whore the other two Col
oradoans were digging away. he In.
auired: We'll. boys. how are you
making it?' oh. pretty good, came
the reply. Did you hear about the
rich strike they made down In Hell!'
asked the first speaker. and grabb.
ing up their tools the two prosp, c.
tom fled pelI nell In the direction OF
the newest discovery"
La Junta tribune., 1910-07-02

these two great republics, ! attend.
cd land concert last evening iu one
Of the parks The music commenced
slightly after nine O'Clock In the even.
Ing The band played several Amer
lean airs and the dreamy. sweet
music Of the Spanish and Mexican
people. The music was of high
order There wer" twcnty-lhree or
twenty four pieces, The players were
dressed In white uniform and wore
simple. dark cap These concerts
are held three evenings each week
and Sunday afternoons As the band
commenced 10 play, N" people gath.
cred At first struggling few aud
later In crowds Seats with backs
are scattered throughout and around
the park. while continuous benches
without backs line the walks Near
ten O'Clock the young ladies' came
Ia crowds aud professions aud. In
ranks OF tWos and thrccs or fours.
arm in arm. promcnaded around IN.
park TO the l,n. About onc-half AN
hour later. the young men took up
their promenade, going. however, In
the opposit" direction. the young la.
dies giving right of Way on the In.
side next 10 the park In Mexico
people turn to the left when meet.
HEHH aNf d. ~
To eyes and glance TO glance OF all
this merry throng. Everything Vas
quiet aud orderly heard no rough
language. no loud talking. and saw no
siEn Of drunkenness. While thcs.
southern ncighbors are full OF senti.
m"nt, e,oi,ablc aud easily aroused d
on" feature seemed to me SON. What
peculiar. when compared To our own
customs. aud that Was. there Was not
a single eneor'. not hand clapped
nor voice or not. of appreciation.
when the band Was playing or after
II had finished a piece OF music Later
IN. lads and laSsss got together. In
couples and groups. as. Of course. one
must expect. The young ladies were
prcttily dressed. their hair In yari.
Gus styles. bows aud ribbons. aud
white and bright col,rcd dresses. man,
OF dark complexion aud some fair and
all with heavy black hair These
concerts afford the people a refined
and cnIoya !. amusement. where tn"
people may mingic II Is In striking
contras, TO those other public amus..
ments. the cock firht and the bGli
fisht, both Of which are d.moralis.
Ing and appeal to and eulilyat. the
lower ard brutal instincts of their
nature To my mind bull fisht In
not as low and brutal as prize
fight There u brutality In 10th. hut
the man who fizh,. a bull. fights a
brute. exhibits his skill and dcsteriiy
In leaplng out of the harm Of the
maddcnsd bull aud. with a single
thrust. sends his sword through the
hear, u the dumb i. ast. but In 4
pris. .fixht man stands face 10 face
with man. and pounds each others