Mexico Missouri message., 1910-06-09

Biological Analogies in History" The
lecture had been scheduled for delivery
on May IS, but OF course was post
poned on account OF King Edwards
demise. Il was given In the Sheldon
Gan theater and Lord Curzon, as chan
csilor Of the university, presided and
introduced the lecturer.
In seeking to penetrate the causes
of the mysteries that surround not
only mankind but all life. both In the
present and the past. said Mr.. Roose
welt, we see strange analogles in the
phenomena Of life and death. Of birth
growth and change. between those
physical groups of animal life which
&c designate as species, forms, races
and the highly complex and composite
entities which rise before our minds
when we speak Of nations and civI-
Iizations. II is this study, he assert
ed. that has given science its present
day prominence, and the historian OF
mankind must work in the scientific
spirit and use the treasure-houseB OF
science.
To illustrate, the lecturer took sew.
%iAA AubAAAANNb Vi AAb GNNA0pAhNAN "a
new species and The extinction Of spe-
Giles in the history OF mammalian life,
howing that in some cases the causes
ran be traced with considerable accu-
racy, and In other cases we cannot so
much as hazard a guess as 10 why a
given change occurred.
Analosies In Human History.
Continuing, Mr.. Roosevelt said in
part
Now, as TO all OF these phenomena in tho
evolution OF species, there are. II not
hotuologies, at least certain analogies, in
the history Of human societies, in the
history of the rise 20 prominence, Of the
development and change, Of the tenn
pcrary dominance. and death or trans
formation. of the groups OF varying kind
which form races or nations
As in biology, so in human history,
new form may result from the specializa-
aion OF lonE-existing and hitherto very
'aiowly-changing generalized or non
specialized form; as. for instance, when
q barbaric race from variety OF causes
suddenly develops a more complex Guilt
walton and civilization. That is what &C.
CURED, for instance. in western Europe
during the centuries of the Teutonic and
later the Scandinavian ethnic overflows
from tho north. All the modern countries
Of western Europe are descended from the
states created by these northern invaders
When first created they could be called
new" OF young states in the sense
that part or all Of the people composing
them were descended from races that
hitherto had not been civilized at all, and
that therefore for the first time entered
on the career of civilized communities
An the southern part OF western Europe
tho new states thus formed consisted in
bulk OF the Inhabitants already in the land
1nder the Roman empire; and II was
here that the new Kingdoms flrst took
shape. Through a reflex action their
Influence then extended back into the cold
forests from which the invaders had come.
and Germany and Scandinavia witnessed
Che rise Of communities with essentially
the same civilization as their southern
neighbors; though in those communities,
0nlike the southern communities, there
was no infusion OF new blood, and in each
case the new civilized nation which gradu-
ally developed was composed entirely OF
members OF the same race which in the
same region had for ages lived the life of
a slowly changing barbarism. The same
was true of the Slavs and the Slavonized
Films OF eastern Europe. when an inhl-
tFation Of Scandinavian leaders from the
north and infltration of Byzantine
culture from the south Joined to produce
the changes which have gradually, out of
the little Slav communities of the forest
and the steppe. formed the mighty Russian
empire OF today.
New" and "Young" Nations.
Again, the new form may represent
merely a splitting of from a long-estab-
lished. highly developed and specialized
nation. In this case the nation Is usually
spoken OF as young" and Is correctly
spoken of as new" -ation; but the
Germ should always be used with clear
sense OF the difference between what Is
described in such case. and what is de-
GcTibed by the same term In speaking OF
= ffartlfUad WaffOu inst Anue1nRea a
baTbarism. Carthage and Syracuse were
new cities compared with Tyre and Cor
tnth but the Greek OF Phoeniclan race was
In every sense OF the word as old in the
new city as in the old city. So nowadays,
Victoria or Manitoba is new community
compared with England or Scotland; but
the ancestral type OF civilization and Gull
fune Is as old in one case as in the other.
OF course do not mean for a moment
that great changes are not produced by
she mere fact that the old civilized race
sis suddenly placed I'm surroundings where
A has again TO go through the work of
tanning the wilderness a work finished
many centuries before in the original
home OF the race; / merely mean that
9he aDeestral history Is the same in each
case. We can rightly use the phrase "a
new PEOPLE" in speaking OF Canadians
or Australians, Americans or Afrikanders.
But we use It In an entirely different
sense from that In which we use IL when
speaking OF such communities as those
founded by the mortimer and their de-
ascendants during that period OF astonish-
1ng growth which saw the descendants OF
4he Morse sea-thieves conquer and trans
form Normandy, Sicily. and the British
ISLANDS; we use II in an entirely different
sense from that In which we use II when
speaking Of the new states that grew up
around Warsaw. Kief Novgorod, and
MOSCOW, as the Wild saYaRes OF the
gteppes and the marshy forests struggled
hnlffmQ1V afTnrFah1ffnu1HF ~ a.,
beeome builders Of cities and 70 form
stable governments. The Kingdoms OF
Ctariemagne and Alfred were new, -
compared With the empire on the Bos-
phorus: they were also in every way diff
eerent; their lines OF ancestral descent had
Aothsng IN common with those Of the
Doiyslot realm which paid tribute 10 the
Caesars Of Byzantium; their social prob
Jams and aftertime history were totally
Inherent This Is not true OF those new"