The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1910-12-25


are making IN these days To- reach and
b-fricnd tho Immigrants Immediately
upon their arrival here and To inctilcafs
IN their childr-n high ideals Of American
citizenship.
was last previously revised the Unit ed
States hattlcship Main. was still afoat
and Cuba, Porto Rico and tho Philippine
! Islands were still under the spanish hag
The character of the foreign policy of the
! United States has since undergone notable
CHANGES which have resulted in maxim Z
the nation what IN called IA world power:
and these changes are discussed by MIR.
Bryce in an addit ional cha pier in the pres
ent edition under the title Of The New
Transmarine Dominlons.- In this are
included the Hawaiian Islands. which
differ from or other insular Possessions
in NOT having been acquired ~ the result
of war and the Panama Canal Zone.
which came to us purely by purchase.
Mr.. Bryce justly emphasizes the utterly
unforeseen character Of the events Of
1898. There was nothing in the world
which the American people less expected
wh"n they went into the war agains,
Spain than that they should come out
ri IL the sovereigns Of the Philippine
Islands. 1000 miles from their own shores
Even tn" victory ut Manila was one with
n" intent 20 acquire the islands That
was the result of series of accidents
TIL" Americans drifted into dominion and
Were amazed to find whittier they had
dr.frei." At home the Consequences of
IN" war most directly felt by the people
have been the increased eIpendii ures
necessary to sustain An enlarged army
and navy. Our permanent military est alb
/ lishInent has risen to N. 90 men and the
navy. which in 1850 cost only SIS 900. no
10 support cost sicO. 90 900 last year and
was one Of the three strongest navies
afios,.
As to the future OF our transmarine
dominions the present tendency of public
opinion IL properly pronounced rather
conservative. Nobody seriously enter
tains the idea OF giving up Porto Rico or
the Hawaiian Islands. and the probR ability
seems to be that they will continue to be-
governed very much as they are governed
now. with the exception OF increased au-
tonomy for Porto Rico As to the Philip
: ines Mr. Bryce points out that every Ad-
mini-tration from 1895 until the present
tim. has held that the islands ought to be
ret ainei at all events until their people
are competen TO govern themselves II
permanently retained the islands would
have to he governed A. "A subject colony
a. they are now or admit ID 20 the Union
as a State. The objectio TO the former
alternative il thnt not only the cons'tu-
ton and the frame Of government, hut the
political habits Of the American people
ar. not we'll fit Ell for ruling over distant
subjects Of another race. The thing may
M doubt be done and in the Philippines
II is being done and that in u worthy spirit
nat II ~ not n welcome tn-a. Tine D-ciars-
ton 81 Independence IL plant Ill fitted
for transportation 10 tropical lands in
hahiiai bv back wari races In the
opinion Of thoughtful Americans. accord
ing to MIR. Bryce. We have enough on hand
now in carrying 1000 coo Of negroes and
four or five millions Of recent immigrants
ignorant If our inst buttons. without add
ing ~ the load millions more OF mixed
spanish Indian or Spanish negro blood.
Il - pleasing in connect ion with this topic
To read the Judgment ~ IN distinguished
and competent "A foreign critic TO the effect
that in realizing herseH a. a world power
America has no, becom. more arrogant
or more combative. The sentiment in ,
this country in favor Of peace and the sub .
stitu'ion Of arbitration for war Is growing
steadily; and particular ref.renc" - mad
to an. action Of recent Administraii ions
in negotiating treaties of arbitration and
in urging the estal lishni' mt of psrInan.
u arbitration courts upon other nations
". hlv. referred ~ the burden Of TO-
VC.pyo negroes. az these aboT 9.OS co .
live IN the former slave States. and il il
in these States that their pre~enc. con-
-iItUteS a national problem. MIR. Bryce
finds LITTLE chang. in III" main features
Of tn. sittII' ION 30 far - the negro II
concerned during the last seventeen
years though sich change a. has taken
pllr, i, for the better The South has
now recovered from III. effects Of tn.
civil war and IN" Increased rlat "rial pros
p.-r.ty has lei - greater lh-rTsiIry on the
part ~ ~ Legislatures in supporting
negro "ivct,Ipn. Tn" alarm which once
"V..tel OWING To the sUppo-t on that IN. p
negro race WAS increasing in numbers
faster than the whites has b",.n d s--
rated bv the census. which shows no. .
only a slightly declining birth rate among
IN" 6.olorsi people but higher rr.'., 81 F.
r.cr, morality. The p"rcentag. II
CONT ~ has decreased from 1871 re, cent
in 1850 10 ZIG per cent IN 1900 There
ar. still persons who assert that tho moo r.,
~ inc.1abl" vt progress. but all fair
minded msr who study IN. avaiL.hle ~;n-
= ~ ,,.. On N" subject mu-t r.H.ch tho con-
cht-on that the color-d race sine" eInan-
cIpa' ion has advanced materially and eCiu-
rt'io1ally IN a renarkabl. deGra. OF
"pIr%. whom the negroes wer" ..' free
th"v po-s..s-ei no property AT ell In
1917 hoy ownei la. 35o farms in tho twelve
Southern States and their aggregat"
property was -, ina" 81 tn ha worth IN
wrri II siCo .6o.on0 In 1870 thor. wcr.
tif,~ negro hanks a. against only two IN
1860 The census of 1870 showed ~ 90
negro fe-cherS. 5000 clergyrnen. 700
ph - cians and Tno lawyers These figures
~ regard 10 physicians and lawyers TT.
~ - ic'ilarlv satisfactory. ns II - not ~
rlllinG= 81 'his chr ritr. or that tho colnrn,i
race NAV reasonably h" exTn,- 81 ~ excel
Tn, hes, rri-nds Of IN" negro In IN.