Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-12-17
Permanent Peace Tribunal
Urged by Charles w. Eliot.
FOULKE UTTERS WARNING
War Menace in Commerce More Than
in Militarism.
HAMMOND ELECTED PRESIDENT
Goy.-Elect Baldwin in Chair-Ad-
dresses by Admiral Stockton, II.
p. Judson and F. N. Judson.

With Gov-elect Simeon F. Baldwin OF
Connecticut as presiding officer, the clos
ing session of the conference OF the
American Society for judicial Settlement
Of International Disputes today was de-
voted generally to a discussion Of some Of
the influences which must be utilized to
obtain a permanent court Of arbitral JUS
tice.
DR.. Charles ". Eliot. president emeritus
Of Harvard University, in a pithy adj
dress outlined the defects Of arbitration
as a means Of settling international dis
putes. Charles Dudley Foulke. president
Of the National Municipal League. urged
the concentration Of effort upon judicial
settlement of controversies between ma
tons.
International Tribunal Urged.
These two speeches marked the session
as one of the most notable ever held In
behalf of the propaganda OF peace. Cit
ing practical illustrations and quoting his
tory. the speakers demonstrated that an
International tribunal. supported by all
powers and authorized to enforce its de-
crees, is the only reliance upon which all
may depend for the abolition OF war.
Some reasons why judicial methods for
settlement Of international disputes are
superior to other methods were given by
Rear Admiral Charles n. Stockton; pren-
sity. Henry Pratt Judson. president OF
the University Of Chicago. chose as his
topic Between Diplomacy and War "
Frederick n. JudSon OF st. Louis ex-
planned the similarity between the United
of nations, proposed by advocates OF
peace all over the world.
The final speech Of the business session
was made by Edwin CHM. the Boston
the stages of development Of the idea to
suppress war, and also made q forceful
plea for the establishment Of the pro-
posed tribunal.
New Officers Chosen.
Just before the meeting adjourned. at
1890 o'clock, the following o6iccrs were
unanimously elected; Honorary president,
President Taft; president. John Hays
Hammond. Washington; vice president
Simeon E. Baldwin, New Haven. Conn.
secretary. Theodore Marburg, Baltimore,
Md; treasurer, ]. G. Schmidlapp. Cinctn.
natl. Ohio.
The executive committee is composed
Of III. B. F. Mcfarland, w. w. WI
loughby, Baltimore. and James Brown
Scott, retiring president.
The new officers will assume their du'
| ties February next.
The attendance at today's meeting was
larger than that OF the preceding day
Delegates and visitors frequently inter
rupted the speakers to applaud their re-
marks.
When DR.. Eliot mounted the platform
Prof. Baldwin started to make an intro.
ductor speech. He was forced to wall
| until the handclapping ceased.
Address of DR. Eliot
DR.. Eliot said. in part:
1T is natural that public opinion has
not as yet gone much beyond the arbitra.
| ton method of preventing war. Within
the last fifty years many international
disputes have been settled by special ar
| bitral tribunals or single umpires, and
recognition Of the good results OF arbi
tratiOn In the past tends to make ne-
| who would promote peace rely on thai
method In the future.
Nevertheless. as has often been point.
| ed out. there are many objections to In.
| ternational arbitration. In the first place
| the tribunal is temporary and special
| and 1t is difficult, II not impossible
! tribunals to build up solid body on IN
! ternational law and international prac
| tice. Secondly the nature Of the trt
| bunal itself leaves much to be desired.
| ITO trust single umpire is obvioush
risky. 1t is a common practice for eact
of the disputing nations to name an ar
! bitrator, the two thus named selecting
a third. who is practically an umpire
Under this arrangement the votes Of two
| of the arbitrators may be expected tt
be thrown in favor of the nations the,
respectively represent, although there
have been honorable exceptions to thi:
rule.
Two Arbitrators Preiudiced.