Payette enterprise. (Payette, Canyon Co., Idaho) 1909-1935, 1910-02-17
THE MIGHTY HERRING
Played a Star Role In the History
of Some Nations.
COST ONE KING HIS LIFE.

Ultimate Execution by the Headsmal
Of Charles 1. Of England.
A tale as stirring as any fiction coulC
be based on the part played by the Sc,
herring in the history Of some Of til,
principal countries, writes Hugh NJ
, Smith ia the National Geographic Mag
azine. It's spawning and feeding
grounds have determined the location
Of cities. and in several instances the
actual destiny Of nations and the fate
Of mOnaTch3 appear to have been in
VOWED IN the herring fishery. Even
today the herring is a factor in en-
pirc
Countries lH' which the quest Of the
herring Is an important industry are
the United States, the Canadian prov
inces Of New Brunswick, Nova Scotia,
Quebec and British Columbia, New
fOuudlaud, England, Scotland. Wales
and Ireland Norway, Sweden and
Denmark, Russia, Germany, Holland,
Belgium, France. Japan and Siberia.
The prosecution Of the herring fish
cry and trade has been considered not
beneath the dignity Of nobility and
royalty. Fitz-Greene Halleck tells us
I that
/ Lord Stafford mines for coal and salt,
I The Duke Of Norfolk deals IN malt,
The Douglas in red behring's
In 1877 the Duke of York and other
persOnages of rank formed a corpora
ton called the Company of the Royal
Fishery Of England" for the purpose
Of carrying on the herring fishery in
the North sea. They built feet Of
Dutch "busses" and manned them
with Dutch fishermen and then were
bankrupted by the capture Of their
vessels during a war with France. In
1920 some 1900 Of 1.-THE principal gen.
tlemen OF Scotland" formed a com
p0ny for herring fishing, but were
quickly disrupted, leaving a mournful
lot of stockholders.
In 1850 the Prince Of Wales became
president, or governor, of Il herring
fishery, with capital Of S2,50O0O0
whose members were among the first
men in the Kingdom" one of the pro
motors being General James Ogle-
thorpe, founder of the state Of Geor-
gia. stock was taken with eagerness,
vessels were built quickly, and efforts
were made 10 learn the secrets of the
Dutch methods Of curing herring, but
the company soon suspended, ana its
failure cast on the English herring
fishery an odium that continued for
long time
II is Il matter of great historical in
terest that The herring fisheries should /.
have been a prime and perhaps the /
most important factor in the over
throw of Charles l., whose attitude 1
ow0rd the development Of home and 1
colonial fisheries Was most nnrcason-
,ble aud unfortunate. st i time s'hens
ne Dutch ierl'ing fishery had attained
luch nlaenltade aud importance that
{ WAS regayaqd as the right arm Of (
Iollandn ana wicn the sturdy Dutch
isherncn We're pursuing their lucra-
I've calling under the encouragement
4 their government the English peo-
Ne were chatting under the grievous
imposed by royal approval
N All who desired to engage in fishing
anywhere OFF the american coast be-
ween the fortieth and forty-eighth de-
rees of north latitude.
This effort ON the part of the crown
D interfere with the cherished privi-
'ge Of free fishing had begun under
ames and was bcQucathed to Charles
nd was perhaps the first in the series
f farreaching differences that sprung
p relative TO the prerogative Of the
'own as against the rights of the sub
ct
At the same time there was another
,striction placed on the fishermen ut
nme. When James ascended the
irole of England his navy consisted
but thirteen vessels. and Charles Z
Icceeded TO war feet but little z
ronger and utterly inadequate to :
'pe with the navy Of the Dutch or
rench d
After Charles had been successfully a
posed by the commons in his plan to 4
I'VE no fishing conducted on the y
nerican shores except by permission q
The company Of ''noblemen. knights 81
N atAiAtN'itNNN hNNNh sAS Tue Ntuulll Fl
Plymouth he levied ship money"
the dshiug and mercantile vessels
home in order to build up his navy, II
ia the distinct object of breaking 81
the Dutch herring fishery on the "a
ores of England aud driving the
Itch from the four narrow seas"
or which England claimed jurisdic- s.
N.
Il the expense Of the fisheries and
vigation Charles finally fitted ont =
, largest war Geet England had ever
4 aud succeeded 10 his purpose. so
as the Dutch were concerned, but q
ieyyiug Of "sbip money" stirred q
civil war at home. aud Charles paid s
extreme penalty. q
The Exception.
" hat are the dining hours Mt vOur Il