davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
White Pine news weekly mining review. [volume] (East Ely, Nev.) 1910-1920, 1910-11-27
The Pedestrians in 1911.

chug,
Chug.
Gilligillng,
Gilligillng,
The pedestrian paused at the IN
tersction of two busy streets and
looked about.
An automobile was rushing at him
from n direction, a motorcycle
from another. an autotruek was com
ing from behind. and a taxicab was
speedily approaching.
Zip-zip, Zing-clug-
He looked up and saw directly
over him a runaway airship in rapid
decent. There was but one chance.
He was standing on a manhole cover
Quickly seizing IL he lifted the lid
and jumped into the hole in time TO
be run over by a subway train
Ladies' Home Journal.
White Pine news weekly mining review. [volume] (East Ely, Nev.) 1910-1920, 1910-11-27
Solitude and Power.

De Quincy: How much this fierce
condition of eternal hurry upon an
area too exclusively human in its in
terests is likely to defeat the grand
eur which is latent in all men, may be
seer in the ordinary effect of living
too constantly in varied company
The word dissipation, in one of its
uses. expresses that effect; the action
of thought and feeling is too much
dissipated and squandred. To con
centrate them into meditative habits.
a necessity is felt by all observing
persons for sometimes retiring from
crowds. No man will ever unfold
the capacities of his own intellect
who does not at least checker his life
with solitude. How much solitude.
much power.
White Pine news weekly mining review. [volume] (East Ely, Nev.) 1910-1920, 1910-11-27

Percy ID. Daughton, the Harvard
football coach. was praising a new
halfbaek. Hes a novice" said the
noted coach, put he plays a veteran.
To the clever everything comes easy.
Like the story OF Tom and Bill. Tom
was clever and lazy. Bill an indus
trious plodder. Tom is still shift
less. I suppose?' said an old resi-
dent on returning to the town after
twenty years absence. And poor
old Bill is dead, Ell. and he's left over
a Million" Yes, that's right a
native replied. But the latest news
about Tom is that he's goin' to marry
Bills wider"
White Pine news weekly mining review. [volume] (East Ely, Nev.) 1910-1920, 1910-11-27
Serial No. 054l3
NOTICE OF APPLICATION FOR
PATENT.

In the United stsfes Land Omce, Car-
son City, v o.
In the matter of the Application of the
PLEAD MINING COMPANY. a COR
poration. for United states Mineral
Patent for the Chester No. /. the
Chester No. 2, the Chester No. 3 and
the Chester No. 4. lode mining claims.
survey Nc. 1893 In the surveyed
Township 16 n. Range 81 E., NJ. d. b.
and NJ, in the White Pin Mining
District White Pine County, State of
Nevada.
Notice IL hereby given. that. I'm pur-
suance of Chapter VI. of Title 80, of the
Revised Statutes of the United States,
the Pleiad Mining Company, a
tion, duly organized and existing under
and by virtue OF the laws of the State
of New York, entitled to and doing bus
mess under and In compliance with the
laws of the State of Nevada, whose
principal place of business is in the
city of New York, County and State
OF New York, engaged in the business
of mining and acquiring mines in White
Pine County. State of Nevada, by and
through the undersigned. Alexander
Muir. its duly appointed. qualified and
dence and %postofiee address Is Hamil-
ton. White Pine County, State OF Ne
vada, has made application for United
States patent for the Chester No. l.,
Chester No, 2. Chester Nc. 3 and Ches-
ter No. 4, lode mining claims, veins.
lodes, or deposits. bearing gold. to,
gether with surface ground three hun
dred (SoO) feet in width. on each side
veins. upon and within each respective
aforementioned mining claim and To-
cation. lying. being and situate within
the White. Pine Mining District. In the
vada. being Mineral Survey No. s76s.
and all OF which respective MINING
claims, lodes, veins and locations are
more fully described as to metes and
White Pine news weekly mining review. [volume] (East Ely, Nev.) 1910-1920, 1910-11-27
BEFORE and After.

Voc for years she was the leader II
the younger, social set,
And she always captiyated every fel
low whom she met;
Che could sing as sweet as Patti, and
could play the b~aby-grand
Inst about as well as any Of the art
lists of the land.
She was reared in swell surround
ings; she had all her heart de-
sired;
She was petted by her parents anu
by love-struck chaps admired.
All that luxury could purchase she
could have for just the say.
And she changed her gowns and
dresses nearly 20 times a day.
She had horses. cats and parrots, and
a dog or two to hold;
She had eyes as dark as midnight;
hair that shone like FURNISH
ed gold;
She was out to swell receptions and
to parties all the while.
And her papa gave her money to ap-
pear in proper style.
She was fond of bridge-could play
it with good judgment ana
rare skill.
And to watch her flip the cardboards
gave her ~lookers-on a thrill:
She was never In the kitchen wash
ing dishes after tea,
And she never swept the parlor-
that was not for such as she,
But Of late she isn't going out to
parties nor TO balls;
She has cut bridge whist. and seldom
is she making any calls;
She has little time for horses and her
poodle dog has gone;
She is busy every minute from the
flush of early dawn.
She possesses not the figure Nature
gave her as a girl,
She is dumpy. fat and pudgy, and
not in the social whirl.
there's a reason for the changes
which these later years have
shown
She is now a married woman with
nine babies of her own!
Los Angeles Express.
White Pine news weekly mining review. [volume] (East Ely, Nev.) 1910-1920, 1910-11-27
Opponents.

Colonel Abe Gruber. at a lunch
con at Saratoga, told a story.
Yes" he said, those two factions
are as ineradicably opposed AZ
Brown and Black.
Brown and Black We're always ar
guing. They could never see any
question in the same light.
Brown said Black one day, !
wonder what would happen II you
ever agreed with me On anything
I'D be wrong, I'd be wrong,
Brown answered hurriedly. wash
ington Star.
White Pine news weekly mining review. [volume] (East Ely, Nev.) 1910-1920, 1910-11-27
Good Reading for Sunday

instead of siz-pointed. Betsy Ross hao
nothing to do with the flag except TO
sew 1t together. The credit ought To
go where it belongs.
America is not our national
song, and you should not rise when il
Is played or sung. 1t Is the same
song as the national anthems of Eng
land, Prussia, Denmark and Switzer-
land. The Star ~Spangled Banner is
our national anthem, and never for
get to stand up whenever 1t is PLAYED
sung"
White Pine news weekly mining review. [volume] (East Ely, Nev.) 1910-1920, 1910-11-27
Serial No. O534.
NOTICE OF FINAL PROOF.

United states Land Office at Carson
City, Nevada, Oct. IL, 1910.
Notice is hereby given that Rosetta
Georgetta, of Ibapah, Tooele County,
Utah, who, on November 10. 1906, made
Desert land entry No. 465. Serial No.
0534. for an unsurveyed tract COM
mencing at a point IL miles south
westerly from Weaver Dam, a per-
manent land mark in White Pine
County, Nevada situated about 800 feet
west of the dividing line between Utah
and Nevada. and five miles southwest
erly from Ibapah. Tooele County, Utah.
and running thence south three-fourths
mile; thence west three-fourths mile;
thence north one-fonrth mile; thence
east one-fourth mile: thenc north one
fourth mile; thence east o~ne-fourth
mile; thence north one-fourth mile,
hence east one-fourth mile to place of
beginning, containing 240 acres in
what will be, when surveyed, TIP. "a N.
r. 40 f. NJ. ID. M. has filed notice of
intention to make final desert land
proof, to establish claim to the land
above described, before the County
Clerk of White Pine County, at Ely,
Nevada, on the 2sth day of November
1910.
tile G%eorgetta and Jack Zeleg. boil of
Ibapah, Utah: Kent Mcdonald and
William Bush. both of Tippett. Nevada
LOUIS j. COIN.
Register.
(First publication October 16, 1900
(Last publication November %. 1900
White Pine news weekly mining review. [volume] (East Ely, Nev.) 1910-1920, 1910-11-27

He giveth his beloved Sleep" stop
ped In the middle of his discourse,
gazed upon his slumbering congrega-
ton, and said: Brethren, II is hard
to realize the unbounded love whic.
Lord appears TO have for a large
portion of my auditory"
White Pine news weekly mining review. [volume] (East Ely, Nev.) 1910-1920, 1910-11-27
Wanted Him to Specify.

"Will you always be true?" asked
the brokers' suspicious daughter
when young Sportleigh had thrown
himself at her feet and begged foi
her hand.
LAS true as STEEL" he cried.
Common or perferred?" she in
quired. still suspicious.-Chicago
News.
White Pine news weekly mining review. [volume] (East Ely, Nev.) 1910-1920, 1910-11-27
Putnam Created the Flag.

Ex-Governor Curtis Guild, Jr.. OF
massachusetts,. has turned iconoclast.
ms Is what he told the children OF
boston at the Old South Church re-
Gently.
israel Putnam created the flag
ana not Betsy Ross. She only sus-
Eested that the stars be five-pointeu
White Pine news weekly mining review. [volume] (East Ely, Nev.) 1910-1920, 1910-11-27
Serial No. O533
NOTICE OF FINAL PROOF.


United States Land Office at Carson
city, Nevada, Oct. IL, 1910.
Notice is hereby given that Gentle
Georgetta, of Ibapah. Tooele County,
Utah. who, on November 10, 1906, made
Desert Land Entry No. 1874. Serial No.
0533, for an u~nsurveyed tract, COM
mencing at a point two miles south
westerly from Weaver Dam. an old and
permanent land mark in White Pine
County, Nevada, ituated about 800
feet west of the dividing line between
Utah and Nevada and about 5h miles
southwesterly from Ibapah. Tooele
County, Utah. and running thence west
one-half mile; thence south three
fourths mile. thence east one-half
mile ca; thence north three-fourths
mile 90 to place of beginning in what
will be TIP. "a N. r. 10 f. NJ. ID. NJ. when
the lines of the present system of pub
lie land surveys shall have been ex-
tended. has filed notice of intention to
make Final desert land proof. to es-
tablish claim to the land above describ-
ed. before the County Clerk of White
Pine County. at Ely. Nevada, on the
2Sth day OF November. 1910.
Claimant names as witnesses: Ro-
setta Georgetta and Jack Zelog. both
of 1bapah, Utah. William Bush and
Kent Mcdonald. both of Tippett. Ne
LOUIS J. COIN,
Register.
tFirst publication October Is, 1900
Cast publication November "a. 1900
White Pine news weekly mining review. [volume] (East Ely, Nev.) 1910-1920, 1910-11-27
Couldn't DO II.

Il can't stay long," said the chair
man of the committee from the col
ored church. II just came to see il
yo' wouldn't join de mission band
'Fo' de Ian sakes. honey" re.
piled the old nanny, 'doan' come to
me! can't even play a mouf-or-
gan "-IipDincott's.
White Pine news weekly mining review. [volume] (East Ely, Nev.) 1910-1920, 1910-11-27
The Song of the Tramp.

pO"S u tHt HTHIHV.
gather here and there a pie,
And here and there a biscuit;
l snatch a spoon when no ones by,
1t always pays to risk 1t.
l sleep at noon where waters flow
To soothe the weary conner,
Fol men may come and men may go
But | go all summer.
l ride beneath the rushing freight
From Boston to Chicago;
l watch each chance to desecrate
The box of Wells & Fargo.
| sing and whistle as / go
November'll find me lonely,
For in November falls the snow
| walk in summer only.-Ex.
White Pine news weekly mining review. [volume] (East Ely, Nev.) 1910-1920, 1910-11-27
An Enduring Enterprise.

Die any of your ancestors do
things to cause postel ity to remem-
Der them" asked the naughty wom-
an.
Il reckon they did" replied Farm
er Corntossel. my grandfather put
mortgages on this place that ain |
paid OFF yet."-Washington Star.
White Pine news weekly mining review. [volume] (East Ely, Nev.) 1910-1920, 1910-11-27
The Innocent Maid.

DO you believe in high licensey'
asked the young man in the parloI
scene.
Well" replied the innocent maid,
II don't believe the license should be
high enough to discourage matri-
mony."-Chicago News.
White Pine news weekly mining review. [volume] (East Ely, Nev.) 1910-1920, 1910-11-27
Grossly Insulting,

The way that mar looked at me
was most insulting" she said.
did he stare?" asked her brother.
NO; he looked once, and then
turned away as though ] was not
worth noticing. buffalo Express.
White Pine news weekly mining review. [volume] (East Ely, Nev.) 1910-1920, 1910-11-27
Somewhat IIngallant.

Frank, old fellow" says the hero
of a recently published novelette,,
the house is on fire. If you get the
ladies safe out of the house win
see what ! can do in helping to save
some of the more valuable things
London Globe.
White Pine news weekly mining review. [volume] (East Ely, Nev.) 1910-1920, 1910-11-27

Mother-Wnat are you crying for.
Berthe?
Bertie-Tommy hurt me.
Mother-How did he hurt you?
Bertie-I was going to hit him,
and he ducked his head SOS ] hit the
wall. Bio-boo!-Tit-Bits.
White Pine news weekly mining review. [volume] (East Ely, Nev.) 1910-1920, 1910-11-27
Revenge.

Morrison. Il bet the "a who ran
his auto over Snodgrass is sorry
Harrison. why do you think so?"
Morrison. ''Snodgrass was wear
ing a scarf pin that p%unctured the
fellows ire."-Chicago News.
White Pine news weekly mining review. [volume] (East Ely, Nev.) 1910-1920, 1910-11-27
N. N. RY. TINE TABLE,.

Effective August 10, 1909.
Daily Except Sunday--eaves East
Ely. North Bound, 7:35 a. m. Daily
Except Sunday. Leaves Cobre. South
Bound. 1:20 p. m.
White Pine news weekly mining review. [volume] (East Ely, Nev.) 1910-1920, 1910-11-27
NINE A

NINE TRAIN.
Leave East Ely, a. m.-6:40.
11:3O;-p. m. 4:25.
Leave Murray Street. Ely a. m.
$50; 11:40;-p. m. 1895.
Returning, Leave Mines, a. NJ
1852. m. 1925; 5:35.
White Pine news weekly mining review. [volume] (East Ely, Nev.) 1910-1920, 1910-11-27

His Text Was Appropriate.
A famous North Carolina clergy
m an Will prooohin~ f-~-
White Pine news weekly mining review. [volume] (East Ely, Nev.) 1910-1920, 1910-11-27
DAILY SUBURBAN TRAINS.

Leave East Ely for Ely, a. NJ
1925; $40; $40; 7:10; S:25
$3.50; 1880; 11:50;-p. m, lilo
2:20; 1925; 4:35; 6:25; 1:3e
500; 800: 1915.
Murray Street. Ely. for Last lei,
a. m. 1885; Gao; 8:15, S:35; II
p. m. 1901; 1. 20; 2:l0: 3s30: 4:4
6:1h; 6:a6; 7:40; 8:1O;9:1O: 1925
White Pine news weekly mining review. [volume] (East Ely, Nev.) 1910-1920, 1910-11-27
SHELTER TRAINS.

Leave Murray Street, Ely. q. m
$3.50; 10 p. m: ESQ; 4:45; 1929,
Leave East Ely. q. m.-s:4o;
l0:10;-p. m. 2:40: 4:56; 1885.
RETURNING. LEAVE McGILL.
n m. Tar. 1n.kn.--r - s.lE.
The Ellensburg dawn. [volume] (Ellensburg, Wash.) 1898-1914, 1910-09-29
summons

Ia the Justice Court of Ellcn,hure precinct
County of kitttaS State OF Washiuaton nrfor,
W. W. Ronncy. Justice of the Peace.
W. T.. Carscaddcn and ". ". Rogers. nafi
ncrS. doing business in The name of Carscuadru
Grocery ,onpan" plaintiffs vs.. j. y. Miul,lcr
defendant.
state Of Washington. County OF Kitttas s..
TO w. Minklcr. defendant greeting.
In the name OF the State of WASHINGTON .,,,,
are hereby notified that ". T. Curscaddou ana
W. " Rogers. partners, have filed "A clHim
against you iG said Court which win come ON To-
he heard at my oiiicc in the city of Ellensbir,,.
IN The county OF klttitaS, State of WaShiupton.
on the 10Th day Of October. 1910 AT The horr If
then ana there answer. the same viii be- lnEen
as confessed, and the demand of the plaintin he
granted. ~ "
The object and demand OF the said claim * rs
follows: Plaintif sues to recover the SIM of
I'VE dollars from the defendant on account of
groceries sold and delivered to the defendant
ut his request for which he has not paid tooe,b.
or WIN costs Of this action; ana in said action
plalnllIlS mas caused writ Of uarufsh n,nnt =,
issue TO the Northern Pacific railway coin,ur,,
to which writ the Northern Pacific ruiltrn,,
company has answered that it has in its possrs
sion at Ellcnsburg, Washington a SEWN, ma
cnhc belonging To defendant: ana one of inc
opJcctS oil SAID action IS to have said sr,in,,
machine SOLD under the law aud practice GOV.
cring such caScS, and the proceeds of Stich s.,l
applied to the payment Of the plnintins Of ,b'
Said sum OF i've dollars together with plaintiffs
costs and disbursements IN said action
Clalm hlcd August 93rd 1910
W. W. HONNEY
n,i,,, i...... Justice of Peace
rlrsl lhSurlloh sept. Sl4ast inSurton Sept. 20.
The Ellensburg dawn. [volume] (Ellensburg, Wash.) 1898-1914, 1910-09-29
The Northwestern Mutual Fir

The Northwestern Mutual Fire
Association needs nothing to of
set the attacks ol the insurance
combines other than It's record for
the past nine years, which has
never been duplicated by any other
company The payment of fifteen
hundred losses within an average
time of three days from receipt of
proof, the savings OF over eight
hundred thousand dollars made for
its policy holders the accumula-
ton of cash resources equal to more
than five times the necessary
amount to carry all policies to COM
plctiOn as based on past experience
is sufficient. There is reason
why its competitors knock.
WANrED--lOOO campaign sub
scribcrs to The Dawn at . cents
each, from date to Dec. 81, 1910.
WANrEp-The name of every
lo>al democrat in kittitas county
on The Dawn : subscription list
Severe strains on tie vital organs
like strains on machinery, cause
cakdownS. You can t ovcr-taN
stomach, liver, kidneys, bowels or
nerves without serious danger to
yourself. If you are weak OF run
down, or under strain of any kind,
take Electric Bitters the matchless,
tonic medicine, Mrs. J l.. Van dc
Sandc, of Kirkland, Ill.,, writes:
THAT did not break down, while
enduring a most severe strain, for
three months. is due wholly TO
Electric Bittcrs. Use them and
enjoy health ard strength. Salts
faction positively guaranteed. soc
at II. S. Elwood' 5.
The Ellensburg dawn. [volume] (Ellensburg, Wash.) 1898-1914, 1910-09-29
Notice to Creditors
No GIL


., In the Superior Court of IIittitas rount,
Washington. V"'''A
In the matter of the estate of William I.vle
deceased: - ~
whereas The undersigned A. +. Slcnn,o,,>
anu hartlh cameron. by an order of said court
uuly maze ahd entered in said cause ON tho
seventh day OF May, 1910, were appointed Tho
UXSccutorS OF Sald estate under the win of said
iiilim Lyle deceased duly probatcd nndr,
sad order and are the qualified and aciin~ ~
ecutorS OF said estate under said will ana order
Notice IS hereby given to ali creditors of said
estate, ana of the community of said ~ illi.,,,
, n.yie deceased, ana Annie Lyle his wife To-
present ,hcir claims verified as reolIircd h,,
law TO the undersigned cXccntors ., IA ~
1 gia, oi A. H. niemmons in the Olympia block
r.i1nnp ,i h,lt'taS county, washington
Wllnih ON year from publication of his MI i,
september 1910. '' "'N ol
a. L. SLEMMONS
MAKIlM CAMERON
n,,o ., o Executors OF said estate.
Sept. %, 1910. ''' T. INV last
The Ellensburg dawn. [volume] (Ellensburg, Wash.) 1898-1914, 1910-09-29
w w. BONEEI

Notary Public, Real Estate, Collection Agency
Office: Reading Room. United states CON
missioner for the eastern distri'c e. the State
of Washington Justice Of the Peace
ELLENSBURG WASH
The Ellensburg dawn. [volume] (Ellensburg, Wash.) 1898-1914, 1910-09-29
It Saved His Leg.

All thought I'd lost my leg,
writes ]. A. Swensen, of Water
town, Wis, Ten years of eczema
that is doctors could not cure, had
at last laid me up. Then Buckien 5
Arnica Salvc cured it, sound and
we'll, 'Infallble for Skin Erup-
tons, Eczema, Salt Rheum, Boils
Fever Sores, Burns, Scalds Cuts
and Piles. 25c at II. S. Elwood S.
Bright boy, over II
to learn composition and press work
in The Dawn Office.
The Ellensburg dawn. [volume] (Ellensburg, Wash.) 1898-1914, 1910-09-29
c. l.. RAM SEV
AUCTIONEER
w Ellington
kingston,

Will cry sales il any part OF the state
A11rpSS me nj
The Ellensburg dawn. [volume] (Ellensburg, Wash.) 1898-1914, 1910-09-29

WANTED--lOoO campaign sub
scribcrs to The Dawn at . cents
each, from date to Dec. 81, 1910.
The Ellensburg dawn. [volume] (Ellensburg, Wash.) 1898-1914, 1910-09-29

WANEEp-The name of every
lo>al democrat in kittitas county
on The DaWns subscription list
The Nevada County picayune. (Prescott, Ark.) 190?-current, 1910-03-30

potash. This is not we'll balanced,
while it gives good results on
thin land, but it does not give
best results by any means.
There are about the same in
gradients in 200 pounds of meal
as one ton Of stable manure.
The manure is preferable be-
cause of the humus or body it
contains. This humus is an i'm
portant factor and should be
studied more closely than it is.
We have an abundance of
literature given out by our state
and general government free to
any one of its citizens just for
the asking.
The name of a fertilizer has
about as much to do with its
value as the spots on a pig. 1t
is the analysis as given on the
sack that tells of its value. If
you desire you may send
sample to the State Chemist, at
Fayetteville, and have it analysed
and if it fails to come up to the
manufacturers claim. he is sub
ject to Indictment and punish
mem if guilty.
| buy the ingredients and mix
my own fertilizer and make it a
10. 2.65, 8, or 10, 3, 4 goods as
desired.
All lands or crops do not re-
quire the same kind O. fertilizer.
For instance fresh land or other
wise ricl lands do not need so
much nitrogen and in some cases
nom. All lands should be sup
piled with humus to get best
results from the Use of com
meIcial Fertilizers. This indeed
is the foundation of good
husbandrv.
II the farmers would combine
and buy their fertilizer through
the agency of some competent
man or men and quit being hum
bug2ed by every upstart of a
fellow that can get a car load of
fertilizer and claim that he has
the best in the market and pull
wool over his customers eyes, AS
some do, then the farmer would
be on the road to a better system
of business and farming, too. 1t
has been demonstrated by our
experiment stations and as often
by individuals that fertilizer can
be used to profit in growing
CROP and is a shorter and better
method than the old way.
B. F. Steele.
The Nevada County picayune. (Prescott, Ark.) 190?-current, 1910-03-30
FERTILIZER IN NEVADA COUNTY

have been inquired of so
often of late about Fertilizer
that | have decided to write this
article on the foregoing subject.
In the first place | want to
get this thought before the peo-
ole that fertilizer is plant food,
nothing more nor less. There
are just 8 ingredients in all CON-
plete fertilizers, to wit: phos-
phate acid, nitro zen and POTASH
UNI, The most common form IN
which we find them in the
market is an 8, 2. 2 goods:
This is as standard as prescribed
by the state, and a low grade at
that. A better grade would
anaIyze like this, 10, 2:65, 3
goods. Every sack of fertilizer
should contain the analysis of its
contents ard eve:y farmer
should learn how to read the
analysis. Our best cotton meal
analysis are 7 1-2 nitrogen, | II
to 2 acid phosphate and l.65 OF
The Nevada County picayune. (Prescott, Ark.) 190?-current, 1910-03-30

take the Commission out of poll
tics. Then it was to give the
Republicans a share in possible
graft, and now he quotes a pre-
cedent. He says the same ap-
pointee had been placed on the
State Board of Charities by
form r Governor Clark, now the
senior senator from this state.
Is it possible that he expects
to confuse the minds of thinking
men by so palpable an excuse?
He knows that at that time the
u. 5. Attorney General had not
said that Kennel should be sent
to the Penitentiary; he knows
that Kennel was forced out of
office by his own party and that
there is no connection in fact be-
tween the two appointments. 1t
did not include the handling Of
money as does this appointment.
It did not place the balance of
power in the hands of a Repub-
lican as does this one, and the7r
was no trace of its pulling the
Republican National machine
into a Democratic campaign as
has resulted from the appoint
ment of the lieutenat of that
machines boss in this state.