The gold leaf. [volume] (Henderson, N.C.) 1881-1911, 1910-05-12

"HE cheapest gains on farm AMI
mails are made with green
feed. Plans should be made
to have plentiful supply on
hand at all times. There will be the
clover meadows, Of course, which will
be used principally for hay Occasion
ally there will be a luxufSant growth
Of fall feed Oh them which can be
used for pasture to advantage. This
second growth clover is especially val
liable for milk cows, calves and hogs.
Permanent Pastures.
Pastures should be rotated where
possible. Where a four year rotation
is practiced one-fourth Of the cultivat-
ed land will be in grass each year.
This will generally be more than is
needed for hay, in which case part Of
1t can be used for pasture. In addi-
ton to this, there Is usually some land
on every farm that is too wet or too
rough to be used for anything but per
manent pasture. In too many cases
these permanent pastures are weedy
and unproductive. A flock Of sheep or
goats will do much to get rid Of the
weeds. If there are any thistles they
should be cut while in bloom and a
handful Of salt put on the roots.
Where an area Of land has been very
severely overgrazed in the past it will
be absolutely necessary that 1t be very
carefully pastured for the first two or
three years The native grasses and
forage plants must have q chance to
regain their former vigor and to go to
seed. A very large number of stock
men advocate resting the land-that is,
keeping all stock off for a period Of
three or four years. That this remedy
will bring about the desired results
has been definitely proved in numer-
Gus instances.
To increase the productivity it will
be necessary to thicken the stand and
loosen the soil The yield Of pastures
can often be doubled by running a
dick over them in the spring. This is
especially true If a few pounds Of
grass seed to the acre are used at the
same time. There is nothing better
than alsike clover for the wet spots.
RedtOp is also good in such places, al
though 1t is not liked well enough by
the stock to warrant it's use where
better grasses will grow.
Alsike clover CTrifolium hybridum)
is a perennial clover whose appearance
suggests a hybrid between red and
white clOvers, but it is not a hybrid.
1t will thrive on soil too wet for red
clover, but on ordinary soil is proba-
bly, not to be so highly recommended.
1t should be sown with grasses to give
the best results.
The standard pasture grass through
out the corn belt is blue grass. For
early spring and late fall pasturage
nothing can equal it. 1t is nutritious,
the stock like it well, it is not easily
injured by tramping, and it is a good
yielder. The chief objection to it is
that it practically ceases growth dur
Ing the hot, dry days Of midsummer.
At this time it is necessary to supple
ment the blue grass pasture with some
forage crop or have a fresh pasture
to turn the stock into. Many stock
men have several different pastures.
They stock one heavily, so that it will
be eaten down close in three or four
weeks, then change the animals to a
fresh Whiln tho In tho Ey~cf
gets another start. In this way great
er value can be got out of a certain
amount of pasture land 1t is q good
plan to allow part Of the blue grass
land to make growth Of six or eight
inches before winter This makes ex-
cellent winter pasture for both cattle
and horses. and they will thrive and
fatten on it. Horses will paw through
several inches Of snow to get to it.
Although blue grass will thrive fairly
well in dry and unsheltered locations,
1t will do better where shaded mod
erateiy. Pasture land partly covered
with brush and short timber is a IA
vorite place to secure a good stand.
Orchard grass is next to blue grass
u. L
hardly as nutritious nor is it liked as
well by stock, but it makes a more
rapid growth and continues to grow
throughout the summer months. When
sown in mixture of other grasses,
as 1t usually is. the stock are liable to
eat the more palatable grasses first,
leaving the orchard grass to grow up
and hpPnnn ho ri
the plan of changing pastures is prac-
ticed there is little trouble from this
source, as all the grass is eaten down
quickly.
a good mixture to SOW on old pas
ture before disking is eight pounds Of
blue grass. two pounds of orchard
grass and two or three pounds of some
kind of clover Red clover is good, but
does not last long. In most regions
where blue grass fiourisheS white clio
yer will work without seeding in a
Few years. \ mixture OF alsike and
redtop scattered around the wet spots
Will complete the renovation of the
pasture. From this time on n good
asking every spring will keep the pas
ture IN good condition. Any thin spots
which appear can be reseeded at the
same time. A few trees scattered here
and there throughout the pasture pro-
tect the stock from heat and flies.
Summer Forage Crops.
With the best of pasture, however,
some additional green feed is neces-
sary, especially during the midsum-
mer months. At that time Of year,
when flies and heat are worst, q slack
enlng in the food supply means a loss
IN gain on young stock and in milk
production from the cows. A we'll plan
ned supply of forage crops at this time
VIII give larger returns for the land
used than almost anything else that
can be grown. Forage crops can often
be used to good advantage as catch
crops where other crops have failed to
grow or after something else has been
harvested Forage crops by keeping