davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening journal., 1910-08-20
STATE MOURNS
GEN.W. M. ROSS
Well Known De1awarean
Served Both State and
Nation With Honor
WILL INTER BODY AT
OLD HOME ON MONDAY

Special to THE EVENING JOURNAL.
SEAFORD, Del, Aug. 20.-General
William NJ. Ross, son of former Cover
nor OF Delaware and Mrs. William II.
Ross, died at his home here yesterday
morning after a lingering illness of
uraemia. When he was stricken there
were no indications of serious illness,
but conditions gradually grew worse.
On Monday he was reported to be in
critical condition and on Wednes-
day he lapsed into Inconsistencies.
Gen. Ross was born at Seaford on
September 25th. 184S. He received
his early education at the Millerville
Institute and later studied at a col
lege In Canada. In politics he was
always firm democrat adhering to the
platform in genealogical sense as all
hiseancestors were democrats. In 1890
he was elected to the State Senate,
where he remained for four years.
After his term expired in 1894 he was
appointed a member of the staff of
former Governor Robert Reynolds and
served the state as brigadier general
under that administration. In 1896
he was chosen state treasurer and re-
mained in that position until 1898
when the Spanish-American war
started. Then he was appointed col
onel of the State Volunteer troops and
with headquarters at Middletown.
Later he was offered a captains COM
mission I'm the United States Volun-
teer troops. but was tired of public
life and returned to his family in
Seaford.
Prior to his political and military
fertilizer manufacturer OF Delaware.
He started a small business here in
1871 and It proved successful. The
manufacturing establishment gradu-
ally grew TO be a large one and when
he relinquished the work to enter the
services of the State it was among
the States most enterprising indust-
ries.
After resigning his position in the
State Guards. Mr.. Ross returned to
Seaford in 1869 and started the canning
business with his brother Col. Edward
G. Ross. The two continued until 1902
when the former sold out and went
into the hotel business He was pro-
prietor Of the Sussex Hotel, which is
one of the finest hotels on the Eastern
Shore.
General Ross is survived by a wife
and four children, Mrs. Lucille Glazier
of Philadelphia; William, Letitia and
Ellenor, of Seaford Two brothers
and four sisters, namely-Col. ]. J..
and Col. Z. G. Ross, of SeafOrd; Mrs.
Samuel S'illern and Mrs. Letta Green,
of Philadelphia; Mrs. Mary Fisher, OF
Salt Lake City, Utah; and Mrs. John
j. Gray. of Wilmington.
Funeral services will be held at 2
o'clock on Monday afternoon In St
Luke's Protestant Episcopal church
and interment will be made In the
church cemetery. The Rev. c. E. Ball
rector-elect, Of the church will Off
ciate.
Evening journal., 1910-08-20
BOYS ARE
Due HOME TONIGHT
Eleventh Ward Democrats
Have Week of Pleasure
at Slaughter Beach

Special to THE EVENING JOURNAL.
SLAUGHTER'S BEACH. Del. Aug.
2O.-The Eleventh Ward Democratic
Legion will return home tonight
night after one weeks outing at
Slaughter's Beach. They will be met
at the p, b. and w. depot at 7.2O
o'clock by about $50 members, who
could not take the trip and escort
them TO their club house, where a
banquet viii await them and thus fin
ish the week Of the most unique out
ing ever given by a Wilmington or
! ganization.
They have had great time and en-
/ joyed themselves. Everybody for
miles around, who have been to the
beach this week have voted them the
greatest and jolliest bunch of fun
makers and good fellows that ever
spent a week at the beach
The members have had one big
week of pleasure, rest and sport
some cunning. others fishing and
bathing, some just resting and eating
Every man looks so happy and fat
that they will hardly be known when
they return.
Thursday being big Thursday" at
the beach, there were upwards Of
5000 people at the beach
All chairs and benches available
were placed on the lawn for the
women and children and a musical
and vaudeville entertainment was
given.
/ At 2 o'clock the entire legion dress
ed in their new outing uniforms and
headed by the committee composed of
Jesse Mccoy. Joseph Burden and
/ Thomas p Ryan, marched on the
porch and stood there in full view
OF the audience during the rendering
of the entire program.
The assembled guests We're certain
ly surprised. as the men made an ex-
ceedingly good appearance. Chairman
Jesse Mccoy. introduced William NJ.
! Connolly as the orator of the day,
who. in return introduced the legion
! to the people. Mr.. Connolly referred
TO the legion as among the leading
political organization of the state.
The following musical and vaudeville
program was presented:
Overture, Cuban Independence. or
chestra; solo, when Dreams Come
True" encore. by the Light Of the
Silvery Moon" Matthew Pettigrew; /;
cake walk, by the Two ColOred cooks:
address Of the day. "Who and What
the Eleventh Ward Democratic Le-
gion Is" William NJ. Connolly; over
ture, Put on Your Old Gray Bonnet, 4"
] orchestra: solo. "In the Garden Of
Roses" encore. II never Loved
Girl Like | Love You:" Matthew Pet
tigrew; cornet solo. "If ! Only had y
/ Sweetheart" Clarence B. Cox: finale.
MY Country 'Tis of Thee" entire as
semblage.
After the program the guests were
given the freedom of the grounds aud
the porches and Professor Wolf ar
ranged a dance program. which was
indulged in by all who wished and
they danced until about 9 o'clock.
The legion members have -reat
Evening journal., 1910-08-20
ST. GEORGES

Special to THE EVENING JOURNAL.
ST. GEORGES. Del, Aug. 2O.-The
Rev. and Mrs. ]. r. Nulligan spent
part Of this week with friends In
Wilmington.
Mr.. and Mrs. George Bennett and
daughter, OF Lancaster. Pa, are
guests of Mr.. and Mrs. H. V. Buck
son.
Miss Edna Vail, Of Wilmington, has
been spending a few days with
friends here.
Miss Gerhart. of Philadelphia, vis-
tied Miss Daisy Clark. the first OF
the week
Miss ollie Paynter. OF Philadelphia,
is spending her vacation with friends
here
James Ellison has returned to his
home in New York city. after a
visit with his sister, Mrs. ]. c. Mccoy.
Miss Isabelle Carnagy is enjoying
a trip to Niagara Falls and Buffalo.
Miss Emile Janvier is spending a
week with friends in Philadelphia.
Albert Jamison, of Philadelphia,
who has recently been seriously i'll,
is recuperating at the home of his
parents, Mr.. and Mrs. Albert Jamison.
Evening journal., 1910-08-20
MARYLAND NEWS NOTES

Foxes have depleted the hennery oI
Samuel Yocum, at West Nottingham
A corn feast was held upon the
Samuel Messermith farm, Holbrook
Thursday.
Horsemen will hold a matinee on
the Glasgow track, near Elkton, next
Thursday
While seated in a chair Mrs. Benja-
min Buckley of Harrisville, was
stricken by paralysis.
A hand datching In the machinery
at the Colora creamery. Carroll Cam
eron had one of his fingers almost
severed.
Jumping from moving train at
Rising Sun, Norwood Williams, of
West Nottingham, was painfully in
jured.
Rural Carrier William A. Grubb,
of ConowingO, and Anna G. Fulton, Of
Oakwood, were married at Rising Sun.
Struck In the left eye by a piece Of
flying flint in Atwood Montgomery
quarry, Sylmar, Edward Kyle lost it's
sight
William X. Potts and Mrs. Sarah II
George, of Elkton, were welded at
Elkton M. =. parsonage by the Rev.
II. A. G.. Westerfeld.
Mount Hope Methodist congrega-
tlon, Sylmar, will conduct a ten-day
eampmeeting in c. c. Pyle's woods
beginning August 2S.
Falling twelve feet from ladder
and the ladder upon him. Justice o
Peace Samuel Taylor, of Rising Sun
sustained badly crushed foot.
Under his will William A. Potts
who owned nearly all the amusement
at colchester Beach. bequeathed hi
4, $4,000 estate to his wife for her life
Evening journal., 1910-08-20
RENO FIGHT LACKS
GLORY FOR THE BLACK

Special to THE EVENING JOURNAL.
DOVER, Aug 20.-Herman S. Pitts.
former editor of the Echo. published
at the Delaware State College for
Colored Students, has contribution
In that paper to-day on the fight at
Reno.
In the course Of the article. Editor
Pitts says:
The affair was so alien to true no.
bility, so impotent for the production
of good, that It should not be agi-
tated bg the men of mind of either
race. We cannot regret Johnson's
victory. since they did fight: but his
victory brings no glory to our race.
The negro gave the finest exhibitions
OF endurance, strength and persist
ance in his days Of slavery and during
the Civil and Spanish-American wars.
This fight has not the least influence
for good upon us as a race"
Evening journal., 1910-08-20
GEORGETOWN

Special to THE EVENING JOURNAL.
GEORGETOWN, Del, Aug 19-Mr.
and Mrs John Derrickson. of Whining
ton, are the guests Of the formers
mother, Mrs. Julia Derrickson.
Miss Mary Hammond is spending
several days with relatives at Klej
Grange, Md.
Miss Mabel johnson, of Philadelphia
has been the guest of Miss Blanch
West for the past few days.
Miss Mary Williams is spending a
few days at Ocean City, Md
Mr.. and Mrs. Thomas Martin, OF
Philadelphia. are visiting Mr.. and Mrs.
II. NJ. Swain.
Miss Huldah Carpenter, of Philadel-
phia, is the guest of friends aud rela-
tives here.
Harvey Toomy of Wilmington is the
guest of his mother.
Miss Alene Hilyard is in Philadel-
phia.
Levin Derrickson is home from Will
mington for a few days with his par
ents, Mr.. and Mrs. Levin Derrickson.
Miss Elizabeth Thompson has been
I'm Philadelphia this week
j. j. Morris and family. of Dover, are
spending sometime with relatives
here
Miss Fannie Hickman, of Whining
ton. spent a part of the week with rel
atives and friends here.
Charles Atkins, of Langhorne, Pa,
is visiting his mother, Mrs. ]. w. Bas-
sett.
Mrs. G. II. B. English, of Whining
ton, is spending a few days with rela-
tives.
Mr. and Mrs Hugh ID. Smith, OF Will
mington, are visiting relatives and
friends.
Governor Simeon S. Pennewill was a
visitor yesterday
Miss Mabel Hadberg. of Philadel-
phia, is visiting Miss Lolita Joseph.
Mrs. George l.. Hardesty, of Kent Is
land is visiting her son, Superinten-
dent OF Schools e. j. Hardesty, who is
suffering with typhoid fever
Evening journal., 1910-08-20

time ami they all feel happy and
they are spelling to get home to tell
about il.
The happiest man and greatest en-
tertainer in the crowd is John 4.
Lynch. who is dubbed the Sheriff."
and the stories that he grinds out to
the members and visitors on Big
Thursday were enjoyed.
Lynch did quite a stunt on Thurs
day evening when he sold at sheriff's
sale all things around the hotel and
at last put himself under the hammer
to be sold to the highest woman bid
der. He, knocked himself down" for
II 1-2 cents.
They will arrive home 7.3O tonight
and make a short parade to their
club home at Beech and Van Bursn
street.
Evening journal., 1910-08-20
LOST YOUTH WALKS
ll8 MILES TO HOME

LAUREL, Del, Aug. 20.-With the
same mystery surrounding his move
ments as when he disappeared from
an excursion train at Atlantic City.
\. j., Tuesday of last week, Raymond
Carmean, an imbecile boy, appeared
In Laurel yesterday. Carmean's home
Is about five miles from Laurel. where
he resides with an aged grandmother.
who has grieved herself nearly to
death since the strange disappear
ance.
lie was in a pitiable condition and
can give no account of his ten days'
wandering other than that he was mt
on the train at Philadelphia. From
there he walked here, a distance of
llS miles by rail and fully 125 by
county road. He says he has not been
10 bed all this time and has had but
little to eat. He was afraid TO show
himself much, fearing an officer would
arrest him.
Evening journal., 1910-08-20
MTDDLETOWN

Special to THE EVENING JOURNAL.
MIDDLETOWN. Del. Aug. 20-The
corn aud tomato canneries began
operations on Thursday and are run
ming fun time, with prospects for a
good summers work.
The Sunday school of Bethesda NJ.
b. Church will hold its annual picnic
on nrxt Tuesday at Augustine Beach.
Forest Presbyterian Sunday school
will picnic at the Same place on the
following Thursday.
Miss Lulu Vinyard is visiting
friends at Centreville, Md.
Mrs. S. J. Crockson Is spending two
weeks with friends at Atlantic City,
New Jersey.
Miss Margaret Hendrickson. of At
lantic City. is visiting at the home of
James Redgraves.
Mrs. NJ d. Wilson has been visit
ing friends in Baltimore. Md.
The Rev. and Mrs. ]. NJ. Arters are
entertaining their daughter, Mrs. W.
+. Ringgold, of Chestertown, Md.
Joseph Walker, Of Wilmington, Wis
tied at the home of his uncle. Sam
uel Price, this week.
Evening journal., 1910-08-20
PORT PENN

Special TO THE EVENING JOURNAL.
PORT PENN. Aug. 20.-Miss Bella
Carpenter is visiting her uncle, Will
liam Carpenter, near Newark.
Mrs. John Wallen is entertaining
her sister, Miss Jennie Lorrigan. of
Wilmington.
Miss Jeanette Voshell Is paying a
visit at the home of her grandmother.
Mrs. Moody, at Hartley.
Mrs. Lila Creadick of Philadelphia.
visited Mrs. Elwood Denny last week
Miss Gertrude Knox. of Baltimore,
is a visitor at the home Of John
Zachers.
Mr. and Mrs. Albert Wellington. OF
Philadelphia, are guests of Mr.. and
Mrs. j. B. Yearsley.
Mrs Mary Saxton is at Camden, =.
J., visiting her daughter, Mrs. Silvers.
DR.. II. B. Mills and family, of
Philadelphia. are Spending few days
with friends near here.
Evening journal., 1910-08-20
PICNIC FOR
The CHANGERS
State Road Farmers Will Join
With New Castle Soil
TiIIerS in Outing
COLORED MAN SHOT
WHILE HANDLING REVOLVER

Special to THE EVENING JOURNAL.
NEW CASTLE, Aug. 20.-Grangers
will hgve a big picnic on Monday at
the State Road School. Prominent
Grangers from other oranges will join
New Castle No. 81 on the occasion.
The men and women of this lodge are
known for their hospitality and the so
cial features of all their picnics To
add to the pleasure there will be two
addresses by members Of the Delaware
College Experimental Station staff.
Arrangements have been completed
for a musicale and talk in the x. of
p. Hall on Thursday evening next. The
subject of the talk will be Peach
blossoms and Roses, or from New Cas-
tie to Portland" Three hundred invi-
tations have been issued.
George Demby, colored. while hand
ling a revolver was shot in the arm.
Local firemen are receiving many
APPLICATIONS from citizens who wish to
Join the Good Will Fire Company so
they can participate in the parade in
Wilmington in October.
Political workers we're busy last
evening hunting up the men who are
not registered There promises to be
royal fight for the nomination for
Representative between Mayor Boyd
and F. Dell. Janvier. The question Of
"Wet and Dry" will enter into the
fight and the contest is sure to be a
warm one.
DIR. and Mrs. G. A. Burton have re-
turned from two weeks visit in Sus-
sex county.
Mr. and Mrs A. NJ. Gallagher who
have been in Atlantic City for a week
have returned home.
There is a brisk demand for houses
i'm New Castle by men who have OBJ
tanned employment in the steel plants.
Miss Mary Mellon will build adj
ditions TO her Sixth street houses.
Evening journal., 1910-08-20
State Vineyards Yield Big Crops

Special TO THE EVENING JOURNAL.
DOVER, Del, Aug. 20.-Delaware's
grape harvest has begun. This sec
tion is now much taken up with the
cultivation of what were heretofore
exclusively Northern" grapes of fine
favor and demand In Dover and
upper Kent county, particularly, the
Vineyard acreage is large. J. Frank
Moore, Northern grape grower who
has settled here. has probably the
largest yielding vineyards this year.
With former Chancellor John r. Mich
olsons Dover farms a close second.
The prospects for a large crop are
most encouraging.
There are conflicting reports about
q e tomato yield. The acreage is
smaller but theer are indication, after
the recent rains. that the yield Will
be prolific and will in fact come up
TO -S09.
Evening journal., 1910-08-20
NexxSf & symer Gets
4fSx3uSheI Wheat Yield
pecial to THE EVENING JoURN.

Special to THE EVENING JOURN&
NEWARK, Aug. 2O.--Joseph ~
suddard, a farmer living a short
distance south of town, had the ban
ner yield of wheat this season. He
threshed the straw from ten-acre
field and the result was forty bush
els to the acre. The yield from an
other field was not so large, but equal
TO the general average.
The illustrated sermons in the Meth
odist Church, by the pastor, the Rev.
A. r. Anderson, are attracting large
audiences. Tomorrow evening the
pastor has promised TO give the peo-
pie a sermon of more than usual in
terest The singing Of an illustrated
solo and quartette Will be a special
feature
Miss n. Elsie Mercer, Of this town,
and Lewis e. Pierce. of near Har-
inony were married In Wilmington,
on August II, by the Rev. George
L. Wolfe.
For some time the matter OF i'm
proving the interior Of the parish
house Of st. Thomas Church had been
under consideration. The work was
done this week. The improvement
Will add to the usefulness of the
bunding.
iohn Dorrey, who was stricken
with heart failure while Fastening TO
y train. was buried yesterday. Inter-
lpent was made in Newark Gene
terry
The lighting of the p, B. & w. sta
ton by electricity Is a great i'm
provement and convenience to tn
travelling public.
Republicans of White Clay Cree
hundred will hold a meeting In FIX
change Hall, Tuesday evening of mex
week
The question of sewering the tow
is freely discussed. There is consid
cradle opposition to the movement, a
it will put the town deeper i'm deb
Those in favor of sewage are Stain
facts plainly, and showing the dan
ger of lives of the people under tn
present system.
The interest at the coming Dem
ocratic primary election is on tn
legislative part OF the ticket. Their
are two candidates, Andrew L. Fish
er and George w. Griffin.
Evening journal., 1910-08-20

The cantelOupe acreage and Yell,
now that It is known what thev look
and taste like this year. will be far
in advance Of 1909. Many growers
have gone heavily into the canteloupe
business, with the establishment all
over Delaware of market-finding
Delaware Produce Exchange.
In relation to the apple crop, viii h
is amazing the citizens of Delaware,
not only because of the abundance of
tne fruit, but because of the prices
being paid for Delaware apples, one
grower kept this record for one tree
OF an orchard of 1900 apple trees:
Picked sixty-eight baskets from this
tree; realized $61.20.
The hu kleberry crop, sometimes
an unknown quantity, has. too, been
very profitable in some sections. Good
wages We're realized by the pickers
and excellent prices brought profits to
the growers.
Evening journal., 1910-08-20
Changes Among Teachers.

Special 70 THE EVENING JOURNAL
LEWES, Del, Aug 2O.-Miss Eliza
beth Long has been elected assistant
principal of the Lewes Schools to fill
the vacancy caused by the resignation
Of Miss Mary Powers who has accepted
a position as principal of the Reho-
both school Miss Matthews has been
elected TO fill the position of Miss Long
Evening journal., 1910-08-20
ONE HALE
1------r.or-ors|--.rn.-.-rrr-o.-.---,--roNoorr-

Single suits from our reg
ular stock, S25 and $50,
to-day we put in for half
price, $3.50 and S15,
Only a few sizes of each
are left. Yours may bC
among them: others az
SIS. SIS and $40; now
$3.50, SO and $40.
BLUE SERGES.
To-day we put in our
special sale all sizes OF
Dark Blue Serge Suits,
narrow twill, at $3.50 and
$3.50. Come see them.
Straw hats, half-price;
Oxfords. one-quarter off,
Our new fall hats are in
Big bargains in Shirts.
Collars and UnderweaR
Open tonight till 10.
Jas. 7. MuIlin & Sons
9Th and Market.
Evening journal., 1910-08-20
NItrate of Soda KIlIs Cows.

Special to THE EVENING JOURNAL
GEORGETOWN, Del. Aug. 90
-Four cattle belonging to Thomas A
Williams, president of the SussexLevy
Court, residing near Bridgeville, died
few days since as the result of eat.
ing nitrate of soda which had beer
sprlnkled by the owner in the pas
ture.
Evening journal., 1910-08-20
How's This?

We offer One Hundred Dollars Reward for
any case Of Catarrh that cannot be cured by
Halls Catarrh Cure. +. J. CHENEY & co.
Toledo, o.
We. the undersigned. have known +. J.
Cheney for the last Is years and believe
him perfectly honorable in all business trans.
actions, and financially able 10 carry o.. any
obligations made by his firm.
WALDING, KINNAN & MARVIN
Wholesale Druggists. Toledo, o.
Halls Catarrh Cure is taken internally.
acting directly upon the blood and mucous
surfaces Of the system, Testimonials sent
iree. Price. 75c. per bottle. Sold BY ali
Druggists
Ia Halls Family Pills for constipation.
Evening journal., 1910-08-20
I-aI nead nf LncklnM.

Becoming Ill several days ago, VII
liam Marshall. aged s years, son Of
George Marshall Of Kennett Cquare.
died Of lockpaw yesterday. The child
suffered no accident so far as the par
ents were able TO learn and the source
OF the disease is unknown.
Evening journal., 1910-08-20
Record I'm Rasket Molino

Special to THE EVENING JOURNAL
DOVER. Aug. 20.-At the basket
factory OF Harper & Co. at Dover.
early last evening, while all was bus
tie and everybody, tired with the DAVIS
work, was preparing 10 quit, Arthur
Roe. hand basket maker, asked to
be timed for a record run. Mr.. Roe
made twenty bushel baskets in thirty
six minutes.
Evening journal., 1910-08-20

Although precious stones have been
rapidly advancing in price for some
time we recently had the extreme
good fortune OF purchasing some fine
Diamonds, Emeralds, Pearls. Sapphires
and Opals at such low prices that we
feel warranted in calling your atten-
tion to them. You will find this lot
especially desirable-good assortment
Of sizes and shapes, color fine, stones
brilliant and snappy; cutting the best
Can be mounted in Rings, Brooches,
Lavallieres, Pendants, Scarf Pins,
Buttons, Lockets or in fact in any
thing you desire.
Designs furnished.
Evening journal., 1910-08-20

Saves Couple From Drowning.
Arthur NJ. Cole of this city succeeded
m saving a young man and woman
from drowning. They had gone be-
yond their depth.
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1910-07-23
SHARPS AND FLATS

OF Massenots % operas nine have
been heard in America: "Herodiadc.f
"Manon," lie cid" "Werther" "Tha-
is," La Navarraise' "Sapho," "Grisel-
Ids" and "Le Jonglcur de Notce
Dame" His last work is Don QuiX-
ote which will probably be heard in
New York season after next. His first
was La Grand THnte," which was
first heard in 1867 Massenet has thus
produced operas for i3 years 1.-THE yltc
OF one every two years
Half a century ago the manusci ipts
OF the classical masters, were not so
highly priced as they are now. II Mo-
zart's Don Giovanni" We're in the mar
ket now, fabulous sums would be de-
manded FOR II. In 1883 IT was offered
FOR sale In England, and the late Nine
Niardot- Garcia bought II for the baga-
telc Of $500, after various institutions.
among them the British Museum and
the Royal Libraries Of Vienna and Ber-
lin, had refused IT, At a later date the
Berlin library tried To buy It of the
famous singer, but she preferred %
present IL to the Paris Conservatives
simply retaining the right to keep Il
as long a $ she lived
In Australia they now have a duty
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1910-07-23
AXE orpheum, and with fever per

Lake Orpheum, and with fewer per
formers.
IL Will be Welsh day at Wandamere
Aug. 3, with a musical competitive
program, at $3.50 pm, including piano
solo for boys and girls undcr the age
OF lG the composition being a Vase
by GODDARD, soprano solo Tor boys
and giils under 10. Garden of Roses 10
violin solo, Melody i'm r." by Give,
for boys, same age. All contestants viii
enter their names with Evan Arthur at
Room 53s, Constitution building, by
Aug. 1.
1t is just announced that a special
attraction will be added to the Welsh
day program at Wandamere in Miss
Lydia White, harpist, a graduate Of st.
Marys academy and quite an expert
on this soulful instrument
In the July number Of The Musical
World, the organ OF the National As
ISOLATION Of Organists, appears a pi,-
ture and sketch Of Prof. j. J. McClci-
Ian, tabernacle organist along with
those Of such national fame as Prof
Clemens OF Cleveland, Prof carl OF
New York. Prof Andre VS. of New York.
Prof. Schmidt OF Brooklyn and others.