The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1910-06-16

occupied IN dlslntaFeaAsd mediation IN
neShalt 4 China. and has given ita assist
ance ~ ne progrAmma % reform by which
me fekin Government ID seeking IN I'M
prove political and social conditions In the
empire.
In spite of many mutual mlsunder-
.tandihGn and the inaiatent desire Of
Anler trans IN China that their GoveFumsnt
-i,''',,d c',opnrata IN the waFlike measures
y, ovaer uovernments. We have adhered
"a the belief that a policy oi
patence and peace was the only correct
one that Tho diHicultiea IN the way Of
lHerenoes 81 manners and customs. and
That only time was needed 10 establish
mssaAi Confidence.
In referring tO our diplomatio rala-
IONS With China. u 10 impossible 10 omit
nentaoning the policy with which the
name ot The late John HAY win ever BE-
honoTahly associated. commonly known
az tho policy of tho Open Door Following
the lease m iso and isoo Of various por-
Tons OF Chinese territory 10 Germany.
Russia, franoe and Great britain. with
exchanges Of notes IN which these Powers.
togetner with Japan. were recognised
each AZ having special interests within
certain provinces % tho Chinese Empire
The United States secured from each Of
theae Powers a declaration giving aasur-
Ance Of equality OF treatment within
theas ao-called spheres OF interest for
nationals Of all the Powers; and, prs-
liminary 20 the settlement OF the Boxer
troubles. the United States again ad-
dressed thu Interested Powers, securing
their assent 70 tho principle 1t the pres
eryetlon OF ChineSe territorial and ad-
illustrative entity and equality Of con-
mercial opportunity. Il was especially
20 sAteglard theae principles that the
United States Government interested
itset 80 actively In the question Of
nun ictpal government a. Harhin IN Man
churia. n that Of the working Of mines
along the Mukden- Antung Railway. In
TIE proposed construction Of the Chin
chow e Railway. and made the pro-
cnurta and sought Tor American capital
participation N the loan Tor the HukuanG
There are various important pro-
visions IN our commercial treaty Of ieos
which eviaence our interest In the pro-
motion of reforms which must result In
oeneht % the Chinese peopla. Among
ihees are the engAgements entered into
BY China 70 establish a uniform currency.
n adopt reasonable mining regulations.
10 revise the penal code and 20 establish
system Of modern courts. The United
.eatea. On tsa pat, has promised 10 lend
~ assistance 70 these refOrma. and has
giVen assurance that when the courts and
avs % China warrant u the United States
wi consent 10 tho abolition Of extra
erritorhlty'
RELArIoNs wITH JAPAN.
Turning to diplomatic relations with
lanan, Secretary knOH added:
The modern progress 81 Japan. which
,egan with the arrival % Commodore
Aerry. has been inhuenced and assisted
4 every stage by the dlainterested friend
nip Of the United States. Japans earliest
Ittempts az a reorgani1ed government
Eere based upon the American model.
md American ideals shaped her edpc1-
ional and hnancitl institutions. Amer
ran advisers assisted IN the develop
nent II agriculture, a postal system and
oreign Intercourse. America. alone Of
he foreign owers returned the indem-
lity enacted after the attack upon for
tgn vessels 90 Shimonnseki IN ts61 II
gas America that took the lead in rccog-
liking Japan's Inherent right 10 complete
autonomy IN matters 1t tEsid and iuris-
lection. and ne early a. ISIS advocated a
evision 81 the ancient treaties - accom-
'lish that result. In lsss an eEtradition
realty was neErtitted between the two
ountries On a recinrl ctl basin. llrgelv.
. stated by President Cleveland AZ tho
Inc. because 81 the support which its
onrllEion would Eiva % Japan IN her |
forts toward Judicial autonomy and
omplete soverpignfy The treaties that |
re in effect to-day. signed In 1894. were
FAMED on the lines that had for years
reviously been advoc yted by the United
tatsa.
The people n this country nav we'll he
Toud 81 the fact that during more than
ah q century of disturbed conditions In
he Orient the United States made lie
lhuencs felt and attained conspicuous
lcceaa IN the development II the com
lercs Of the world without the firing 81
hostile gun. save In one or two Isolated
stances where an unprovoked attack
nj first been made upon the American
aE.'
PoLICx ~ rHE NEAR EAsT.
The American policy in the Near East. /
b. Knox asserted, has been devoted 70 4
70 protection % American citizens and /
leif property and the peaceful extension |
American commerce
Beginning With the recognition Of |
ibsrian Independence hy the United /
iatsa In lNa7. he continued. the United 1
.ates has almost uninterruptedlv. IN 4
ls way or another. shown its interest IN /
u mainteRAnoe and welfare Of the negro |
,public Tho first diplomatic nsRotiA- 1
oua hstwesn this country and Liberia /
suited in q formal expression % this /
interest IN tho welfare ~ |
IL former American ColOnists. In ise8 /
,nEreas authorized the transfer Of gun
,st n Liberia. and three years later the
az DeDarSmsnt turned over 10 that /
overnment a. small oost . large quantity
arma and military stores. Since that /
me hardly = year has passed In which 1
,e United States has not used ia good
fioes in behalf % Liberia. principally
boundary disputes with Great Britain
III France
sPerhaDs the most significant indication
/ the continued interest ~ the United
,ates In Liberia was the sending % q
ImmissiOn 70 that country last wear
nder authority Of Congress 10 inquire
10 conditions there and report recon-
lendafiOns 20 tho Department ~ State
The commissions report and rec
were submitted g. Con
re.s on March 2s last. and the Depart
ent o. state IL nov engaged in work
.R out the details 81 a plan In harmony
in the commissions recommendation
hich will give Liberia = new starr on
= path 20 national ability and ind vidual
,oarena. 40 that she may BE- In position
accomplish the purpose 81 her original
merican founders.
THE WKsTRhS REPUBLIcS.
The most active field Of American
plomaoy, Mr.. Knox added, has been in
= relations with the republics % the
'estern Hemisphere.
4 nov turn 20 what Ia by far the most
ave sphere Of American diplomacy
, aid. namely. that Of our relations
in the twsntv other republics Of the
,o~tarn Bemiaphars. Most OF thaae