davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Reporter and farmer. [volume] (Webster, Day County, Dakota [S.D.]) 188?-1946, 1910-01-20
TIE Pes. That Kills Plums.

The quickest and most economical
method of fighting the curculio where
there are only few trees is to place
sheet under each tree early in the
morning as soon as the insects appear
and jar the trunks. When they fall
gather and burn. This should be done
twice week for two or three weeks,
when most, if not all of them. can be
caught before the fruit is injured The
plum, the damseD and the apricot are
the fruits most injured. Slugs that at
tack the pear and other trees may be
killed by busting the leaves when
damp with fresh air slaked lime. APP
pie trees should be sprayed early in
the spring when buds commence to
form, after the blossoms fall. when
fruit is one-third grown and when half
grow. The bordeaux and paris green
solution is the best remedy. These
solutions may be had already prepared
at the agricultural stores.
Reporter and farmer. [volume] (Webster, Day County, Dakota [S.D.]) 188?-1946, 1910-01-20
AGRICULTURE IN ALASKA.
Remarkable Possibilities of the Far
Northwest Possession.

NoftnWeSt POSSESSION
The area of Alaska is SO great that
the United States government main
tains five agricultural experiment sta
tons in the territory so situated that
crops may be tested under all the eli
matte conditions. Sitka, on the strip
Of coast projecting southeast, has a
fairly mild climate, while the station
ut Rampant is close to the arctic cir
Gle. c. G. Georgeson. special agent IN
charge OF all the stations, In his an
nual report for 1908, recently issued by
the United States department of agri-
culture, declares unqualifiedly tLat
Alaska is an agricultural country"
that good hay can be produced lin any
quantity for winter feeding. while the
native grasses can maintain live stock
In excellent condition I'm summer" He
says also that potatoes, cabbage, caul-
flower. rhubarb. turnips, lettuce and
in short, all the hardy vegetables can
be grown to perfection up to and even
within the arctic circle, as has been
proved by thousands of settlers" But
before Alaska can be largely settled
railroads and wagon roads must be
built Under present conditions, he
says, "few farmers can AFFORD to go to
and equipment" The expense Of trans
portation would equal the cost Of q
farm I'm the states"
Abundant sunshine is essential fol
good crops in Alaska. In 1908 the rain
fall during the growing season al
inches the year beforehand 1891 inches
in 1906 The smaller rainfall meant
more sunshine. and the result in 1905
was large crops Of potatoes, cabbage
caulifiower and various root crops
The quality also was better.
AIr. Georgeson believes that Alaska
has undeveloped resources sufficient
for the support of large population
| But there, as he says. Mature is sterr
and uncompromising, and we must sub
NIT to the conditions she imposes"
| Among many interesting facts girer
in the report is this: Watermelons
were brought to maturity out of door:
on the Hot Springs farm, which is in
the Tanana valley. in latitude GA de
grees north. 1t seems that on part OF
this farm the soil is warmed from the
same source. whatever it is. that heats
the water of the springs. This farm
has now $50 acres regularly under
crop, the greater portion devoted to pc.
tatoeS.
Reporter and farmer. [volume] (Webster, Day County, Dakota [S.D.]) 188?-1946, 1910-01-20
Cure For Hard Mixers.

Many valuable cows and heifers have
been sold at sacrifice by the owner
owing TO the> fact that they were hard
mixers. says the Agriculturist. The
cause of hard milking cows is so little
understood by the average stockman
that the disposal of such animals Is
accounted for In that way. But If
stockmen knew how easy II is TO over
come bard milking In both cows and
heifers am sure that no animal would
be disposed of for lack of treatment
Hard milking is due to an abnormal
contraction of the sphincter muscle.
regulating the stream OF milk from the
point of the teat On the other hand.
when a COW loses her milk II Is due 10
a relaxation or an abnormal expansion
of the sphincter muscle at the point of
the teat
Reporter and farmer. [volume] (Webster, Day County, Dakota [S.D.]) 188?-1946, 1910-01-20
MULE BREEDING.
Weight and Bone Are Cardinal Points
In a Jack.


An expert on breeding mules says:
The first point is 10 see that the mules
sire is large jack. recorded in the
American Jack Stock Studbook. He
should stand 1872 hands or even 10
hands high and should weigh up TO
LOO or 1000 pounds He should
have large. strong body and heavy
bone. Weight and bone are cardinal
points In Jack.
II mares sired by light stations.
to such jack. mules Of good quality
and fair weight may be expected II
the mares are by good standard bred
saddle or thoroughbred stations. the
mules will be very active and will
possess much quality and finish. II
these mares have good weight, say
LOO or 1900 pounds. this mating will
produce the finest sugar mules. Ii
somewhat smaller. good cotton mules
will result.
III draft bred mares are used, the
mules will, Of course, be hea vier Such
mules are the draft mules Of the mar
ket and are in strong demand for city
use. They have more weight than
sugar mules, but not quite SO much
quality.
For small. Indifferent 800 pound
mares without breeding nothing better
can be expected than the production
Of inferior cotton mules or pit and
pack mules. 1t Is useless to try TO
breed good mules from poor mares.
and this is one reason why so much
attention has been given to the dis
cussion OF the importance of horse
breeding In the south.
There will probably always be more
demand In the south for mules than
for work horses, which can be sup
piled by locally raised animals, but it
is necessary first to have a supply of
good. useful farm brood mares. 1t is
doubtful II any jack is good enough
to sire good mule from small,
coarse. plug mare. -,---' 80
-
Reporter and farmer. [volume] (Webster, Day County, Dakota [S.D.]) 188?-1946, 1910-01-20
similar TO the Georgia colIards.

similar 10 the Georgia coliards.
There are three distinct types OF cab
bage with reference to the shape OF
the head-namely, round, oval and fiat.
Some varieties are distinct In type,
while others partaRe OF two or more
shapes due TO crossing in seed produc-
ton. There is much variation I'm the
shape, color, character and texture OF
the leaf, ranging from regular straight
edges, almost white. smooth and
tender, to irregular, almost fringed
edges, dark purple color and coarse.
tough texture.
Generally speaking. all varieties are
hardy, but there Is some variation in
hardness. Usually the purplish green
varieties with crinkled and fringed
leaves are harder than the whitish
green sorts with smooth, regular
leaves. The cold resisting varieties
are also the most heat resisting.
For very early crop the seed may
be sown In well prepared seed bed
outside in September and the plants
be wintered over In cold frame or
by mulching with straw In sheltered
place. These plants may be set out
very early In spring, long before spring
grown plants may be used. To make
extra good plants they will need to be
taken from the seed bed and be prick
ed out two inches apart in other beds
BY setting succession OF plants the
crop may be constant from May or
June until Christmas.
The plants OF early varieties are set
out in spring rs early az the weather
permits In rows three feet apart and
two feet apart In the rows. The fall
grown plants are often planted I'm the
field in November. burrows are turn
ed where the rows are to be and the
plants are set low In the burrows. so as
to be protected North and south fur
rows with plants set or the east side
are satisfactory, although east and
west burrows are sometimes preferred.
Later varieties require more room.
Early plants must be set deep-that IS.
so the base or the leaves Is below the
ground. IL freezing weather comes
the plants may be covered with earth
until danger from frost is over.
The illustration showing the roots OF
q cabbage Is an interesting study.
Reporter and farmer. [volume] (Webster, Day County, Dakota [S.D.]) 188?-1946, 1910-01-20
First Feeding Of Chicks.

Don't feed raw dough or rough
mash TO young chicks such as you
feed larger chicks. Raw dough sours
In the crop and brings on all sorts of
bowel troubles. If you want to feed
this stuff cook 1t well beforehand.
Well means through and through, not
just a hard crust on the outside and
the middle soggy. wet mash. This
Is as bad as feeding il raw.
Chicks will do well for awhile on a
grain ration alone. but they will do
better If fed little meat from the
first. IL the grain ration is dry and
sweet chicks can be fed little green
Reporter and farmer. [volume] (Webster, Day County, Dakota [S.D.]) 188?-1946, 1910-01-20

Twenty-four Months.--The mouth at
this age will show two middle Derma-
nent broad incisors. fully up and In
wear
Thirty months generally show six
broad permanent incisors, the middle
and first intermediary fully up and In
wear; the next pair second interme-
diary well mp. but not In use.
Thirty-six months show three pairs
of broad teeth. which should be fully
up and In wear. and the corner milk
teeth may be shedding. with the cor
ner permanents just appearing through
the gum.
Thirty-nine Months.-Three pairs OF
broad teeth will be fully up and In
wear The corner teeth Qncisors,
through the gum are not In wear.
Reporter and farmer. [volume] (Webster, Day County, Dakota [S.D.]) 188?-1946, 1910-01-20
THE VETERINARY

Take care that there are no nails
upon which the pig can scratch him
self. Nails mean scratches; scratches
mean care; care takes time.
Remedy For Lice.
II you want cheap and effective
remedy for lice on dogs and cattle. just
try q bar OF hard soap and quart Of
kerosene oil In water 1t will kill
every louise. but not nits, so the dose
will have TO be repeated.
Economy In . sprayer.
Seventy-6ve cents will get q good
sprayer. and as much more will buy
Q gallon of ny killer. These two
things put together will save you
many times the amount In milk. Here
economy is the expenditure of money.
Keep the Stables Clean.
A mixture OF gunpowder and lard Is
q good remedy for scratches and
grease heel But keeping the stables
and the horses legs clean Is better and
costs less.
Treatmecs For Colts.
A colt often hangs our Its tongue
because 1t Is infamed with some irri-
tant. Search carefully for any sharp
body that may have penetrated the
tongue and remove II. Or It may have
been iacerated In some manner. In
this case the cut must be sewed up
with catgut softened in warm water
and the mourn washed out frequently
With lotion ofpermanganateo OF potash
Reporter and farmer. [volume] (Webster, Day County, Dakota [S.D.]) 188?-1946, 1910-01-20
AnaIxsis OF sornhum.

Analysis shows that. considering the
amount OF protein and fat contained In
sorghum. II is about equal TO timothy
hay as feed. In point OF the amount
OF nitrogen. free extract, 1t Is about
half as rich in these elements as tim
othy. Timothy contains 5 per cent
protein. d per cent nitrogen, free ex-
tract, and 3 per cent fat. Sorghum
contains 40 per cent protein, % per
cent nitrogen. free extract. and 3.25
per cent fat.
Reporter and farmer. [volume] (Webster, Day County, Dakota [S.D.]) 188?-1946, 1910-01-20
The Ace of Cattle.

At twelve months an animal should
have all Its milk tcaif) incisors in
place.
Fifteen Months.-As this age the
central pair Of ipcisors tmilk teeth
may be replaced by a pair Of perma-
nent incisors tpinchers), these being
through the gums. but not In wear.
Eighteen Months.-The middle pair
Of central incisors at this ago should
be fully up and In wear. but the next
pair lthe frst intermediary, not yet
through the gums.
Reporter and farmer. [volume] (Webster, Day County, Dakota [S.D.]) 188?-1946, 1910-01-20
Fraudulent Cheese.

The bureau Of chemistry OF the
Cnited States department of agricul-
tnre has come out fiat footed I'm answer
to fine question when Is cheese not
cheesew They say that when II Is
soaked curd" II cannot be sold as
cheese. Pseudo cheese Is produced by
soaking the curd at certain stage In
cold water. draining 1t and putting the
curd to press. This treatment Is car
RED on solely for fundamental pur-
poses
Reporter and farmer. [volume] (Webster, Day County, Dakota [S.D.]) 188?-1946, 1910-01-20
Keeping Surplus Eggs.

When eggs are only required TO be
preserved for two or three months
they keep very we'll packed In dry
salt or bran. The meat of the egg
may shrink and rattle within the shell
when shaken, but its edibility is not
impaired. Coating the egg with vase
line or butter will also keep 1t for a
short time. or any application which
effectively seals the pores OF the shell
and excludes air Will prolong the
freshness Of eggs. II the egg Is even
momentarily submerged In boiling wa
ter the albumen thereby becomes sufii-
cientiy coagulated to prevent the en-
trance Of air. In some OF the rural
districts in England and Scotland eggs
for homo consumption are smutted
over with q mixture Of sulphur and
lampbiack, cheap aud effective pre-
sentative. But the iimewater mixture
y best for general purposes.
Reporter and farmer. [volume] (Webster, Day County, Dakota [S.D.]) 188?-1946, 1910-01-20
THE ROMANCE OF WHEAT.
Once Raised For Princes Only. Now
the Worlds Food.

Once Raised For Princes Only. Now
the Worlds Food.
Wheat is the food of princes and
PEASANTS. 1t is the food of the world
!. 1t was known to be the best food for
fifty centuries. but it did not until
thirty or forty years ago become uni
versal. Every community ate all it
raised. There was none to sell. Ii
was so precious that only kings and
the nobilities could afford it, 1t was
sowed by peasants, who reaped Ii
with sickle by hand. For 5000
years no better plan was conceived
than the sickle and the scythe. Then
came the reaper. an invention by Cy-
rus FL. Mccormick, OF Scotch-lrish de-
scent. Then the world began eating
white bread
This new machine, the reaper. when
II was full grown into the self binder
was equal to forty sickles With one.
man TO drive 1t, II could cut and bind
enough wheat In one season to feed
400 persons. In its most highly de-
veloped form, the combined harvester
and thrasher, IL has become so gigan-
tic machine that thirty-two horses
are required to haul it.
This leviathan cuts a fifty foot road,
way through the grain, thrashes It
and bags 1t at the rate OF one bag
every half minute. And the total
world production OF reapers OF every
sort-self binders, mowers. headers,
corn binders, etc.-is probably as
many as 100000 year, two-thirds
OF them being made In the United
States. ~
Because OF this harvesting ma
chinery the wheat crop OF the world
is now nearly twice what II was In
1879 The American crop has multi
piled six and a half times in fifty
years. Western Canada. Australia,
Siberia and Argentina have become
wheat producers
The cosG of growing one bushel In
America with machinery and high
wages Is now about half a dollar,
which Is less than the cost In Europe
and as low as the cost in India, where
laborers can be hired for few pen
MES a day. With a sickle the time
cost OF bushel of wheat was three
hours. With a self binder 1t is now
ten minutes.
Then came the steamboat and thd
railroad that carried the grain. At the
outset it was shipped in bags Then
some railway genius invented the grain
car, which holds as much as twenty or
twenty-five wagon loads, and today one
Of the ordinary moving pictures of an
American railroad is a sixty car train
travelling eastward with enough wheat
In its rolling bins to give bread to a
city OF 10000 people for year.
The Siberian railway. which IL the
longest straight line of steel in the
world, was built largely as a wheat
conveyor So were the railways OF
western Canada, Argentina and India.
1t is cheaper TO carry wheat from
one country TO another than from the
barn TO the nearest town. The average
distance that an American farmer has
to haul his grain is nine and half
miles, and the average cost of haulaget
is 0 cents for hundred pounds. Thus
IL has actually become true that to
carry wheat ten miles by wagon costs
more than $500 miles by stea mship
Such Is the tense efficiency of our
wheat carrier system that bushel OF
grain can now be picked up in Mis-
souri, and sent to the cotton spinners
of England for dime.
Reporter and farmer. [volume] (Webster, Day County, Dakota [S.D.]) 188?-1946, 1910-01-20
BUILDING a Crate.

A successful farmer and breeder
gives the following Information in re-
gard TO building breeding crate: The
length should be four feet eight
inches. height two feet ten inches,
width two feet four inches. height OF
front bar twelve inches and height Of
rear bar eight inches. The two side
bars should be by or by and
Ave feet long.
Our breeders have been killing their
boars when they should be Of the
Reporter and farmer. [volume] (Webster, Day County, Dakota [S.D.]) 188?-1946, 1910-01-20

cut bone from the very first Just a
little thrown in so that each chick can
get mersel or two will help wonder
fully. IL you ever dropped bit of
meat into a brooder full Of two
weeks-old chicks and saw them scram-
bic and fight over II you won't doubt
that they needed it.
Cooked meat cut up very fine is
safer and perhaps just as good. but
1t Is costly However. cost should be
little considered In feeding chicks for
the first few weeks, as foundation
can be then secured well worth many
times It's cost. Feed your poultry reg
ularly. They will come to know you
and wait for you and are all the better
Tor 1t. The illustration will give you
an idea 1I
Reporter and farmer. [volume] (Webster, Day County, Dakota [S.D.]) 188?-1946, 1910-01-20
Orchard Ladder on Wheels.

The accompanying sketch represents
an orchard ladder on wheels. IL is
something that will be appreciated un-
til the orchard crops are In. Take
pair OF old mower wheels and one
piece of 2 by 4 scantling for an axle.
Place the ladder upon this scantling.
To keep 1t upright use poles. two at
the bottom and one near the top of the
Reporter and farmer. [volume] (Webster, Day County, Dakota [S.D.]) 188?-1946, 1910-01-20

greatest value. The more mature the
animal the better should be his off
spring.
Those that have fine bred boar
should build breeding crate, and
with cut and these instructions any
farmer should build one for himself at
a cost Of from 81 to 81. You can fix
q rear crossbar that holds the side
pieces adjustable. so you can raise or
lower 1t to any height you may wish.
Reporter and farmer. [volume] (Webster, Day County, Dakota [S.D.]) 188?-1946, 1910-01-20

ladder. extending to the ground The
upper one is forked at the top so as
to hold the ladder firmly. The ladder
Is eighteen feet high. and as the foun-
dalton is broad there is no danger Of
its falling over. The brace Is SO made
that 1t can be adjusted. thus enabling
one to place the ladder at any angle.
Reporter and farmer. [volume] (Webster, Day County, Dakota [S.D.]) 188?-1946, 1910-01-20
Winter Rsdishes.

Try some winter radishes. They are
easily grown aud will be greatly en-
Joyed when fresh vegetables from the
garden cannot be had every day. The
soil should be deep. fine and rich and
well supplied with moisture. Either
red or white varieties may be secured
from all seefismea.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1910-06-27
TO CITY TAXPAYERS --NOTICE.

Collectors Office. Juno H. 1910.
NOTICE is hereby given that the tax
bllls for 1910 are now in tho hands of tho
Collector. The attention of parties in
terestcd is respectfully called 10 the fol-
lowing extract from tho revenue hill OF
that year:
Upon all bills paid in full by the lSt
day OF July, 1870 the Collector OF Taxes
shall allow a discount of six per cent.
and on all bills paid by the lst day of Sep
tember. 1910. he shall allow 4 discount Of
fourper cent. and on all bills not paid
on the lSt day of December. 1910. there
shall be assessed and collected 4 penalty
OF five per cent upon the amount of said
bills. and on all bills remaining unpaid
on the lst day of June. 1911, damages Ct
thc rate OF six per centum per aunum
shall be paid
Taxpayers would do we'll to call and
pay at once in order to avoid the rush
anu crowd USUALLY present on the last
days in which the discount is allowed.
Bring 4 list to make sure you get bills
Tor all your property. rs the Collector
viii not be responsible or allow the dis
count after the time fixed by law.
u. F.-GORMAN.
JelGuyl Collector Of City Taxes.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1910-06-27
SPAIN WARNS VATICAN.

Premier Canalejas said on Saturday
that il the negotiations between the
Spanish government and the vatican
over the revision OF the concordat were
broken off Rome would be responsible.
He said:
The full text OF the Vatican's re-
ply has not been received yet, but we
know from the telegraphic summary
that it does not constitute 4 responcs
to our note, but is confined exclusively
to a protest against the imperial decree
of June IL, and is therefore m in
vasion of the states sovereignty, which
is not tolerable. The church falsely
accuses us of an attack upon the Catho-
lie religion. We are simply defend
ing the sovereignty OF the state.
Premior Canalejas added that if the
Catholics persisted in their threats OF
a civil war he would have recourse TO
the courts.
\ dubious element in the situation is
the attitude OF King Alfonso, upon
whom great influence is being exercised
to cause him to overthrow the Canalejas
ministry. At the same time the pre-
mier is holding the monarch to strict
fulfilment of the promises which he
says Alfonso made when the present
cabinet took Office.
Canaleias S religious reform policy has
aroused the bitter antagonism of the
Spanish episcopate and of Catholic So
cicties throughout the country. At a
recent meeting of the Catholic defence
societies it was announced that before
the policies outlined were permitted to
become law, Spain would undergo .
perilous crisis, as Catholics preferred
civil war to the lay school system.
Upon the day that the radical govern
ment assumed power Canalcjas an
nounced that he would further the pro
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1910-06-27
r. +. Knox, Auctioneer.

DY VIRTUE OF A DECREE OF THE
ID Corporation Court of the city OF
Alexandria. Va, entered oil the 18th
day of July. 1907. in the chancery cause
Of Mary +. Elliott vs.. Katharine Bauer.
ct al, pending in the said court. the un-
dersigned commissioner will offer Tor
sale. ut public auction. on
SATURDAY. the md day of July. 1910.
at l. o'clock m, in front of the Royal
street entrance to the market building,
the following described property. to wit:
All that lot Of ground. with improve
ments thereon. III the said city OF Alex
andria. Va, beginning at the intersec-
ton of the south side of King street with
the east side of Payne street. and run
ming thence cast twcnty-SiN t2G) feet
eight (S) inches To the line formerly
Bryan'S: thence south twrntyScvcn t2D
feet: thence west six (6) feet: thence
south TO Commerce street: and thence
with Commerce street TO Payne street:
and thence north on Payne street TO the
beginning: with III. apptirtcnanccs.
Terms Of fsale-Dnc-third cash and the
balance in two equal inStallmcnts ut one
and two years from date OF sale: the de
fcrrcd payments To pay interest 1T SIX
per cent and To bc secured by the rclen-
ton of the title until the same are paid
or all cash ut the option of the purchaSss
or. Cost Of conveyance 1T the expense
of the purchaser.
DOUGLASS STUART.
Commissioner of Sale.
!. Newell $. Grcrnaway. Clerk OF the
Court. hereby certify that
the bond required in the above cause
has been duly executed by the above
commissioner Of sale. with sufficient
surety.
'rESTE:
NEVELL :. GREENAWAY. Clerk.
jcli tai