East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1910-01-11
BRAZIL AIDS I'M
RECLA|M|NG LAND
DOES MUCH TO PROMOTE
DRY FARMING IDEA
South American Republic Builds Rail-
ways, Irrigation Works and High
ways TO Assist Interior Farmers
Adopts Legislation to Aid in Recla-
nation.

.Washington.-The Republic of Bra
zil is patterning after the United
States in regard to the irrigation of
lands at the expense of the govern
ment, and has adopted legislation to
aid irrigation and dry farming. The
law makes provision for the building
of the following projects: Railways
from the coast to the interior to give
egress for the products of the several
regions aU1 branch lines which make
1t feasible to extend the sphere OF
cultivation over large areas that is
now possible; highways, to enable
egriculturists to have access to mar
ket centers; dams. to provide reser-
voirs; wells, artesian or flowing. to
aid in irrigation projects; dikes along
rivers which overflow during the
rainy season. to serve in the most eff
fective conservation of the water sup
ply; lowlands along the coast to be
drained, and land suitable for cultl-
vation elsewhere adapted to that end
in every way possible.
A. systematic and scientific study
geological and typographical condi-
tions in the dry regions, and stations
for the purpose will be established.
Effort will be made to conserve the
forest resources, and reforestration
will be undertaken where practicable.
This measures indicated are to be
carried out either by the federal gov
ernment on its own initiative. or with
the aid and cooperation of the state
governments. The federal govern
ment will undertake to execute such
OF the projected work as is deemed to
be most urgent, to the extent provid-
ed for by the budget low. In such
of the projects as 1t may be deemed
proper for the state to undertake, the
union will give its support by prof.
fering plans drawn up on the OASIS
of a scientific study Of the needs Of
each region to be dealt with. The
union will pay into the treasury OF
the state n certain sum to be deter
mined upon, according to the neces-
stiles of the case, and the provisions
OF the appropriation legislation. IN
order to secure the help of the union
the state must make application 10
the Government and show that GER
tain of it's territory is annually affect
ed by extended periods of drought
l. must show that at least per cent
Of the annual receipts OF the state
government Is devoted to the rellei
of the drought conditions, and that
tbe concentrations made for that pur-
noee are not diverted to other chan
nels.
The regulations specify the dimen-
sions of the reservoirs to be built, pro-
viding for three grades of the same.
The largest is to have capacity ol
10 900. 900 cubic meters Zone CUBIC
meter equals 1909 cubic yards)' tne
medium capacity of 100000 cubic
metcrs and the small "a capacity OF
goo 000 cubic meters. When it Is de-
termincd to build the largest reser-
voirs TO meet the needs of the generai
situation. the federal government
will let the contract to the lowest DID
der. though If there be necessity the
work may be done by the government
Wells may be sunk for the puonc
account where the situation seems 10
demand it. but If it Is intended that
generally such sources of water sup
Div will be provided for private use
the landowner for whom well Is
sunk paying only the actual cost OF
the labor necessary in sinking IT. Inc
landowner for whom such a well is
provided viii be required to supply
water for the domestic use of his I'M
mediate neighbors, If necessary.