davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1910-09-27

The educational value OF the poul-
try show to the fancier, and particu-
larly to the beginner, cannot be over
estimated. A study of the standard
or other descriptions without the OPP
portunity to see live specimens could
never give the cle.r, concise concep-
ton Of variety which the poultry
show with its numerous well-bred
birds creates. Nor is this benefit lost
to the experienced fancier. for every
opportunity which he gets to see the
birds tof his competitors and to meet
and exchange ideas with his fellow
breeders s Of direct educational
value. After all, poultry breeding, like
all other livestock breeding, follows
certain fashions, which are constantly
changing more or less slowly. and for
this reason the fancier who never
visits the poultry show and never has
opportunity to observe other mems
stock can scarcely expect to keep
abreast Of these fashions in birds. To
the fanciers. therefore, both old and
new, the poultry show is q liberal
education. and In some sense neces-
sity.
To those not particular familiar
with poultry and who attend the show
largely from curisity the exhibition
has q distinct educational value! 1t
OPP ms their eyes to the extent and de-
gree to which poultry breeding has
been carried, and brings realiza-
ton Of Importance Of the industry. In
this relation the show has direct
value to the industry in arousing in
terest in poultry breeding ard in gain
ing many new recruits
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1910-09-27
THE sTRAWBE RRY PATCH

The strawberry will stand q rood
deal OF Ill treatment, but It viii not
produce good crops under the above
conditions. 3.
Any good soil that will bring corn
or potatoes will do Cor Strawberries.
put II you want berries the sixa 81
mems eggs. put the plants In the rich-
est soH you can find and cultivate fhs
same as other garden crops
the soil Is not rich enough Win.
out being fertilized. use well-rotted
stable manure. Fresh manure will MOI
40, except as q top dressing: after the
plants are well startes. spread il be.
tween the rows. : /.
II one can procure rood .tron.
plants in the fall and have them 80.
en- up with quantity Of soil adherins
70 the roots. they will bear GOOD
many berries the following season
but not full crop.
II transported In the fall w,tho,,,
any SOIL clinging TO the roots. Ind
plants should not be allowed "a bear
fruit the Following season.
This Is important. becaus when u,
OF the roots are dislodged It takes !
long time for the plant TO recove,
from the shock and form new roots.
None OF the old ever take Z fir,,
hold In the ground ui..ess new Seedar,,
start and while the strawberry rrow,
or hibernates all winter. the srowth ].
less rapid when the ground q co,d
than IT is in the spring and summer
"a great many people believe IN
is the proper time to ret strawberry
plants. n vi 81 ,E-s 80
They take up the plan or ..n,i
their order to some nurseryman. -
ire case may be-, and handle fhs
plants Just s they would Ia ths
spring. Now. this Is all wrong.
The last week In October q aho,,
the right time to transplant or rat:,a,
transfer. strawberries. '-, s.
See that the soil Is in GOOD cnnd,t,o-
to receive the plants. Plow a. .n.st.
1t as deep as the SOIL will nern,ft
II crop OF potatoes has 1nst hoaa,
removed from the ground. "a sho,,,i
not need much stirring.
Place the plants IN rows ahc,. 80,
feet apart and ten inches apart n VI.
rows Rows may be either Ar, eIa !,
double as preferred. ~,
II the weather IL a ~ a littIe va,a,
should be poured around the root.
before filing in the soil, s II
After the plants have got. n a star,
hoe or run the cultivator between m.
rows to loosen the surface before IS.
covering is put on. It IL q GOOD Mar
70 cover before there II chance foI
them to freeze.
Don't cover too deep because II tn,
ar 81. IS excluded the plants vii.
SIN other Clean stra1 free from
chat, makes the best coyerinr.
Anna Gallagher. +
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1910-09-27
PLANT TREES FOR WIND BREAKS

A double Nv OF evergreens as u
windbreak is of equal value tor pro-
lection with board fenc OF the same
height. The general method Of plant
Ing evergreens around feed yards,
houses, gardens and small fruit or
cfards Is to plant the trees In doutle
or triple rows, SO that there will be no
space between the trees for the wind
to find Its way through.
When planted on the west side OF
the yards or buildings they soften the
rigors OF winter and add many dollars
a large number have been unsuc-.
cessful IN growing these trees. but
with, proper. care and the right meth
DDS 81 starting athe young trees It IL
quite easy to start an evergreen tree.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1910-09-27
DESTROYING THE BLACK PEACH APhls
TOBACCO IN GROUND OR LIQUID FORM IS TIE
BEST AND SAFEST RE NEEDY

Black Peach Aphis il often found
In small numbers on nursery t. ees,
especially those grown on light soils.
Proper fumigation will kill these lice;
but growers generally object to fumi-
gated trees and nurserymen will not
as rule, fumigate unless they must.
When such infested trees are set out
In light land the lice multiply and feed
on the small rootlets near the trunk.
working outward later as they in
crease in number. Little trouble is
noted during first season as q rule,
but during the early part OF the sec
ond year the insects become plentiful
enough to attract, attention. They be-
come motto cable on the leaves of the
plants In June and are sometimes
plentiful enough at that time to cause
quite punching and Gripping of ter
minal shoots s.S
Except in this position they are.
rarely seen by the fruit grower. who
will not ordinarily suspect root insects
when the trees begin to turn yellow
and look sickly about midsummer,
In dealing with these insects pre-
vention is better than cure. No trees
should be set without being carefully
SAdulllcA IOL IOOt llSC eASS ~ uAAy az
noticed, the roots should be dipped In
to a strong tobacco decoction and
thoroughly wet. Or they may be Dip
ped into clean water SO as to wet
thoroughly, then dipped into pail OF
tobacco dust SO as to powder them
thoroughly, and q handful Of the dust
or ground tobacco should be thrown
around the roots befor- the soil !,
drawn upon them ant. pressed down.
Nothing is better and safer that to-
bacco for this purpose, and II this
practice Is carried out there viii be
few pant lice left to make trouble.
If this precaution has not been
taken and injury develops, the tree
should be stimulated by appropriate
fertilizers and there should be, In ad-
dition, liberal application Of tobacco
dust or ground tobacco In basin ar
ound the trunk of the tree, the dust to
be covered over with soil to prevent its
being blown away or otherwise dis
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1910-09-27
POISON IVY.

a correspondent writes that No mn.
recently poisoned by nnista king no,son
Ivy for Virginia creeper. He a.ks -
we can tell him how to tell ona ni.nt
from the other.
II is the easiest thing in the world
70 DO this. Poison Ivy ..as three
parted leaf. Ampelopsis or virginia
ereeper hve-parted leaf. The latter
IS OF rampant climbing habit
Poison Ivy seldom grows to great
eF height than three feet. It may
Eoverrun an old stump. or a heap II
STONES, and have the appearance OF
being vine, but q close examination
climb.
y generally makes bushy growth.
sending UP mass Of slender Stems
from Its spreading roots, and coyep.np
9 considerable amount OF space.
Il one studies the structure Of the
peculiarities Of tho two plants. Il will
pc impossible to mistake ono for the
other.
Some persons complain that thew
fSd It difficult to exterminate pioson
Ivy. They NOW It down. and in little
,whilJ II sprouts. and before long there
Is more OF 1t than ever.
II cannot be killed by .imply NOV.
Ing It. But II, after moving It, the
ground In which 1t grows is sprinklsd
with Kerosene. and burnt over. It is
not q difficult thing to XIII 1t. All the
roots may not be killed with one APP
plication. however.
II some Of them send UT rprouts,s
cut these off close RI tha gro,,na -
pour Kerosene over the stub and
about it-enough to saturate the
soil well. This will generally put an
end to the Euisance.-Eben e. Rex
ford. -.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1910-09-27

plants in winter will insure their
wintering In good condition.
When they are firmly established
with new and fibrous roots they are
ready to be set out for good and 1t
will be found best to set in rows about
SIX feet apart and from three to four
feet in the row and give good care and
cultivation as would be given q garden
for two or three years until the trees
shade the ground,
In all cases cultivate well the fore
part of the season and keep down the
weeds and grass BY close planting
an upright growth is procured. and as
be tfinned out and the best ones left
until they nave obtained their growth.
Nut-trees are also worthy the atten-
ton OF all farmers enc in many cases
they will be found profitable to the
grower and easy to get started.
Black walnut, chestnut, hickory,
and butternut trees are propogated by
gathering the nuts in the fall before
they have become dry and mixing
them with 3 layer Of dirt Of depth
SO that they will not freeze. and plant
ing in April in nicely prepared ground
as deep as the diameter Of the nut
either where they are to grow or in
a row in the garden--in the latter case
they should be taken up the first
winter and buried beyond the power
OF the frost.
If o7e-half Of the tap-roots are
pruned before setting the young trees,
the lateral roots will put forth a
moro vi1oroua growth and the trees
are NOR, sure to make good. healthy
growth.
It is to be hoped that trees of this
kind will receive more attention in
ths future than they have in the past,
as there are few farms that d not
have fence rows or waste lands that
could be made useful by planting to
some variety OF nut-bearing trees.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1910-09-27
CATTLE RAISING IN THE sourH

Dairy farming has many points ),
superiority over beef raising, but e
farmers who are not close to !. good
market and are Handicapped by lack
OF available and steady labor. tn
breeding and feeding Of cattle ofYeI
many inducements. @
That IT is q profitable business in the
South Is shown by the low cost OF
raising cattle, economy In producing
suitable feeds. and the inexpensive
buildings required.
With q good pure bred beef sire, d
herd OF native cows. and plenty OF
pasture land. farmer may in two
or three years time develop a good
grade beef herd. which will largely
increase his profits and maintain the
fertility OF the soil.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1910-09-27

A box form lis built of two boards
Is inches long and 8 inches wide.
And two boards Is inches long and10
inches wide. These are Joined to-
gether to make a form, the inside
measurements being SKIS inches and Is
inches high.
Fasten these boards together with
two hinges at each o. three corners.
and the fourth corner fasten with
two hooks and eyelets as shown in the
this allows the machine
to be folded back from the tile with
out injury.
Now nail in each corner OF this box
some three-cornered CT beveled strips
IS inches long. but nail to just one
side of board only, which will hold
them in place and vet allow the ma
chine to fold back from the work
easily.
For the core take a 6-inch stove
pipe "a inches long and inside same.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1910-09-27

turbed. A decoction may 30 used In.
stead, OF the dust, but there should BIZ
at least a gallon to a tree II older thar
2 years, and the basin should be deer
enough to reach the surface roots.
As the insects do not usually gel
very far away from the trunk on
young trees, the outer circle OF tho
basin need not be much over 1S inchei
in diameter. The tobacco Is In Itself
q fertilizer and worth almost as much
as It costs. as such. 30 Its use secures q
double effect. When tree Is once
fully established and has reached tn.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1910-09-27
THE DAIRY TYPE.

The points that q COW should possess
II adapted to economical milk produc-
ton are quite the opposite from what
is seen in the beet animal. S:
The dairy COW possesses long face.
thin slender neck, q sharp projecting
shoulder She is not very wide in the
chest. but her capacity of chest is due
to her depth which is greater In pro-
portion to her size than you will find
in the beef animal. She possesses
large barrel which indicates good
capacity for digesting her food. Her
depth here should exceed her depth
in any other portion OF the body. A
dairy COW should have good width
at the hips. Her thighs should be
lean and free from muscling. She
should be open between her thighs.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1910-09-27

the pods are developed and when the
first pods and some leaves begin to
turn yellow.
Cow-pea hay cures more slowly
than alfalfa but 1t should be handled
in curing about the same manner. CUT
ting should not begin in the morning
until the dew is off and the hay should
be raked and allowed to cure in the
windrow short time.
The picture shows a cow-pea har-
vester attachment for the moving
machine, showing the vine-lifters on
guards and windrowing attachment.
These machines are almost indispen-
sable where large crops are to be har-
vested.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1910-09-27

place 6-inch board 80 inches long,
mailing securely as shown in the illus
tration. The top Of this board is cut
to make handle to draw out the
core. as illustrated.
The bottom is cut down 20 leave q
small 3-4-of-an-inch projection or pin
on came which sets into the holes
b, red in the pallet, thus insuring the
core being always in the center of the
form.
The pallets are made Of any boards
larger than the form used for mould
Ing the tile... and in the center is bored
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1910-09-27

Work toward the removal OF the
hairs OF tomatoes Ii progressing. These
hairs are Of two general types, namely,
the long pointed kind that is quite
showy and giYes the young parts In
particular Of both stem and leaf a de-
cidedly fuzzy appearance. This form
Of slender hair is generally present up
o. the ordinary tomatoe1 from the
time the seedling Is three weeks old
until the end OF the life Of the plant
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1910-09-27
CARE IN DRYING SEEDS

The drying Of seeds affects, their
germinability to considerable ex-
tent. Some seed, like blue grass seed,
will quickly heat and spoil II not
thoroughly dried In the sun or with
artificia. heat.
Much Of the poor blue grass seed
has been made poor by being too
quickly put In large receptacles where
1t does not have an opportunity to
thoroughly dry. u
Even when piled in the field as,
It has been taken from the blue grass
tops 1t has been known TO heat suf-
hciently to spoil it.
It Is unfortunate that when man
ha. q lot Of blue grass seed that h !,
been so spoiled that he cannot sist
the temptation to sell 1t for good seed.
Many other seeds are injuriously at
fected by too great moisture content.
but few SO much as the blue grass
seed The higher the starch content
Of the seed the more necessary does It
~ pear to be to keep 1t from damp.
ness.
Corn. being high in percentage OF
starchy matter. must be kept from
dampness or its germinability will be
destroyed. So readily does 1t heat
under warm, moist conditions that 1t
is regarded as very difficult to send q
cargo Of corn across the Equator.
It may be accepted az good rule
that all seeds should be- kept from
dampness, most Of all such seeds AZ
corn. Just how the dampness Affects
the germinability we do not fully
know.
In some cases doubtless the damp
ness with a fair degree Of heat starts
the germ to developing. which later.
when the seed Is again dried, is ar
reste and the soft cells harden, and
T. germ dies. Corn especially should
be kept from dampness
When the weather In the fall is such
that the corn fully natures and the
ears dry out before the frost comes,
almost any amount OF cold falls to
injure it.
Not SO the seed that las not thor
oughly dried out. The heavy freezes
destroy the germ life because Of the
moisture in the germ. 1t is probable
that the minute particles OF mcclure
are expanded in tbs freezing and
burs. the cells OF which they form, q
part.
The drying Of corn is therefore a
necessity If good seed Is to be ..,nd.
The worst feature about this expert
ence with corn Is that 1t leaves no ex-
ternal mark to show what has taken
place In the germ.
The farmer picks out tie nicely app
pearing ears and shells the corn fc.
seed Not till It tails to come up the
next year does he begin to suspect
that its germinabilityN had been fn-
jured before he selected It for seed.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1910-09-27

cre Using difficulty which is met by
fanciers In selling Gull stock. The In
dustrial exhibits are also valuable to
the poultryman. quite as much so. in
fact, as to the fancier. To this class
the SLOW should have much more
effect than at present ex-
lists. and 1t is in this respect that re-
forms should be initiated.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1910-09-27
HARVESTING cow PEAS

When sown alone cow-peas should
be harvested for ensilage at about the
same maturity as for hay. They should
be cut only short time before going
into the silo, ralsed green. placed in
small punches. or better still. loaded
on the wagons directly from the wind
row. When planted with corn the
combined crop may be harvested with
tn corn binder and handled in the
same manner and as easily as corn
planted alone for ensilage. For hay,
cow-peas should be cut when most OF
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1910-09-27

We may well doubt the prediction
that the automobile will soon put the
horse out of business and reports from
every section of the west show that
we'll bred animals are selling at $3.50
to $500 per pair.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1910-09-27
POULTRY SHOWS AID FANclERS

TO the plain or utility poultryman
the show has, OF course. an education
al value. 1t may open his eyes to the
value Of purebred stock as compared
with scrub or mongrel stock. though
here it would seem to fail somewhat
in its disabilities. TIL writer has
been informed, however, that this ed
L :ational influence is felt in the In
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1910-09-27

IA Scotch Pine Grove Six Years
From Planting.
their roots must be kept moist
Foreign varieties. when imported.
are not so sure to thrive and do as
well as the native trees. When trees
Of small size are started they should
be set In small beds convenient for
watering In case OF drought, End shad-
ed with brush or cornstalks a few
inches high-above The tops Of the
plants-covering the surface with
leaves or straw or old hay-also a
covering over the tops OF the young;
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1910-09-27

An Idaho raspberry grower is maxi
ing success Of drying the fruit on
the bushes. He sells the dried berries
in packages. and it is claimed that
when moistened or COO ed, they APP
proach the size and flavor Of the fresh
berry.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1910-09-27
HELPFUL. HINTS.

The high-headed tree is easier Gull
tivated. but the low-headed tree
i :es the fruit picking easier.
The main reason why frui. does rot
keep we'll is because wormy and rot
ten fruit Is stored with 1t.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1910-09-27

Il IS estimated that there are over
100000 goats in this country and all
are practically free from tuberculosis.
Thousands of them are milk goats and
are used regularly for this purpose.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1910-09-27

Plenty of stable manure cultivation
and judicious pruning will, almost.
without exception, bring back to bear
Ing an old orchard that seems to be
beyond hope.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1910-09-27

Have you had any trouble with
your neighbors' hens?" "Often; but
they soon resume their visits as II
rnthing had happened
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1910-09-27

Don't raise mongrel chickens. Just
as much feed and care is required for
them as pure bred fowls. and the lat
ter are certainly the best and most
attractive
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1910-09-27

4 Careful selection is more than hair
the battle in the keeping Of fruit over
winter.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1910-09-27

beari !; age It rarely s.;ffers il ii
reasonably Well fed al otherwls
cared for.
II tree is killed by these insects
another one should n be set into II
place without having aliberaI .-moun,
Of ground toll eco mixed with the solI
packed around II
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1910-10-07
UNDERWEAR FOR CHILDREN

Children's Ribbed Cotton Union Suits.
fleece lined; very special ............5 soc
Children's Vests and rants. OF wool and cot.
ton Priced, according TO size .f5e to soc
Boys Union Suits, of wool and cotton 49,.
..t.. ..,..- ,..........,...S 81 90 10 81 .35
Chlldrcn's Vests and Pants cream fleecod
'...... ..'...,,.... ,,..,....2 5c to 05c
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1910-10-07

NEW AUTUMN WAISTS
New Waists. made OF nuns veil
ing, Scotch flannels and cotton
poplin, in pale blue, white. tan,
cardinal. black and fancy stripes
some fancy styles. but mostly
plaIn-tailored effects. to be worn
with the white linen cO EA
collar. Price .........o A.JU
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1910-10-07
INIT Underwear for Women

We have never had more complete
or better qualities to show than now.
The stocks are gathered from the fore
most makers Munsing. Merodc. Sager
Bros, Forest Mills and others are rep
resented. The prices are unusually
moderate
AT S3.25-unlon Suits for women. Of silk
and linen. all sizes
AT $3.50 Womons Vests and Pants. OF
silk and fine wool
AT S1.25-Jnion Suits for women. OF Ter.
sey ribbed cotton.
AT S2.25-Union Suits OF wool and cot.
ton; medium weight
AT S3.OO-Union Suits OF lisle and wool;
white; finely finished
AT S5c-Nests and Pants, for women. OF
fine merino. elastic and perfect fitting.
At 75c-Vests and Pants. of Jersey ribbed
cotton; medium weight
AT S1.95-Nests and Pants of silk and
wool. finely finished
AT soc Corset Covers Of fine white cot
ton; very elastic.