Santa Fe new Mexican. [volume] (Santa Fe, N.M.) 1898-1951, 1910-06-22

SANTA FE
Some Light on a Question
of Intense Local
interest
LESSON OF THE SKELETON
Doctor Edgar L. Hewett, An
Authority, Tells
About 1t.

The skeleton found in making the
for Sylyanus Morleys
house on La Garita hill, mentioned in
last evenings New Mexican, was turn
ed over to the Museum of American
Archaeology, and Director Edgar l..
Hewett after making an examination
of the specimen has made the follow
ing statement concerning it:
The skeleton is that of an Indian
woman probably under twenty years
Of age at death. The Uranium and
some of the long bones were recov-
cred. The stature was low, not TO
exceed five feet, and the muscular de-
velopment rather small. The teeth
were in good condition, the full num-
Der being present, the wisdom teeth
having the appearance of having been
recently cut The skull is greatly
fiattened at the back on the right
Side, This artificial reformation of
the skull was characteristic of all the
ancient tribes of the Rio Grande val
ley. 1t was doubtless caused by the
binding of the head upon the cradle
board in infancy. 1t is typical doll
cOcephalic skull-the long narrow
type. This is of especial interest be-
cause of the fact that the Pueblo In
dians of the present day are predom-
inantly Observation-Disclosures, broad
headed, there being from fifteen to
twenty-five per cent of the other type
among them. 1t was upon this char
acteristic that we were able to deter
mine that the ancient cliff dWellers
and mesa dWellers of the Pajarito
plateau west of the Rio Grande were
not identical with the Pueblo Indians,
the former having been a perfectly
pure stock, one hundred per cent doll
cCcephalic, while the Pueblos are a
mixed stock but predominantly bra
chycephalic. The skeleton found un-
der Mr.. Morleys house conforms ex'
actly in type with others that have
keen found in making excavations
about the Old Palace. This fact
would seem to relate the inhabitants
of prehistoric Santa Fe to the ancient
Pajaritans, (the name We have given
to the prehistoric culture west of the
Rio Grande), more closely than to the
modern Pueblos. 1t would be most in
teresting if it should be found that
that ancient culture ages ago over
spread the entire Rio Grande valley
1T is now practically established
that the Pueblos are composed of a
strain of the old PaJaritan stock to
which was added much stronger
strain from somewhere else. The old
er culture prevailed and survives in
great part to the present time, be
cause the climatic conditions of the
time and place naturally tended tt
the establishment of Pueblo habits
mode of life, social order and reli
gion. But the physical character, ant
probably the language of the new
comers prevailed. In this connection
Mr.. Harrington has recently made tn
intensely interesting discovery Gan
nounced in the current number of tn
American AnthropologisD that Their
is striking similarity between one o
the Pueblo dialects and the Kiowa O
the Great Plains.
| "The Tewa name for the site wher
Santa Fe now stands was 'Kuapoge
| (Tewa: The place of the shell bead
near the water), and large terrace
pueblo stood on Fort Marcy hill
where the military breastWorks hav
long covered it's ruined walls. !
smaller pueblo, later called Analct
(Analco: A Nahua or Aztec wore
'atl,' water; 'nalli,' the other side
CO., on: On the other side of tn
water) stood south of the Rio SAINT
Fe, on the site of San Miguel churcf
Some years ago 1 called attention
the fact that portions of its wall
still exist in the foundations of tn
so-called oldest House in Santa Fe
built upon the ruins of the old India
pueblo early in the seventeenth Gel
tury. We now know that thir
pueblo existed in very early times
the valley north of the river. Ther
is an ancient burying ground unde
the back part of the Old Palace an
the alterations of the building nece
sary for the purposes of the museul
disclosed within the massive wall
the central axis, portions of an al
cient 'puddled' wall, characteristic
Indian architecture before the art
making adobe bricks was learne
from the Spaniards; identical wit
fragments of puddled walls former
to be seen in the foundations OF tt
oldest House and under the fortl
cations of Fort Marcy; also ldentlc
with those that we have discovered
the course of our excavations at T
l rage, (prehistoric San lldefonso, Il
ruin that is cut through by the DE
d yer and Rio Grande railroad, a mi