davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1910-02-02
4DULTERATED OYSTERS.

DIR. Wiley, the federal governments
chief chemist, has added another to the
list of reasons, each of them conclusive
in itself, why oysters should not be fat
tened" The process in question is known
by many names besides that which we
have mentioned. being also variously
called drinking" ''plumping." "bloat-
ing bleaching" and laying down."
but it is always substantially the same.
It consists in placing the oysters. after
they have been taken from their natural
salt water beds, in fresh or brackiSh
water, at the mouth Of a creek or else
where, generally where there is con-
siderable admixture Of sewage i'll the
water. There they are kept for time
before marketing; long enough to pro-
duce in them the symptoms of illness.
such as pallor and bioating. incidentally
they lose much of their flavor, and be-
cause Of the dirtiness of the water the
liquor which they naturally contain
should be thrown away and they should
be carefully washed before they are
eaten
There have hitherto been two strong
and obvious arguments against this
practice, one gustatOry and one sanitary.
Now comes DR.. Wiley with a third in
dictment of comparable force, to the
effect that oysters thus treated are really
adulterated. and thus should come under
the ban of the pure food law.
That certainly seems logical. If it is
adulteration to put water into milk
even pure clean Water-So as to make
il is similar adulteratiOn to put dirty
water into oysters so as to make hun
dred of them measure 20 per cent more
than they would In their natural state.
A pure oyster is salt water mollusc
consisting of nothing but the tissues and
fluids which it has acquired in its native
bed. To add to it a quantity of some
alien substance would certainly seem TO
be adulteratiOn In its baldest form, and
adulteration for a wholly inexcusable
purpose and with undisputedly mis-
chievouS results. Some adulterants are
supposed to be preservatives, though
their use for that purpose is not to be
defended, while others simply increase
the profits of the seller and do no harm
to health But this adultera ton Of
oysters with diluted sewage just for the
sake Of increasing profits. impairs their
quality, hastens their death and decay,
defrauds the purchaser and endangers
nublic health
New-York tribune., 1910-02-02
A NOBLE CRUSADE.

Chicago is intent on instituting a re-
form which, though strictly local, may
exert q worldwide influence and even
extend her fame TO the stars. Her Board
of Health insists that every streetcar in
the city and the trains on her elevated
roads shall have a supply of untainted
air The temperature in those vehicles
is TO be neither too high nor too low. and
carbonic acid gas and microbes are to he
so effectually boycotted as no longer to
exist. The aim is noble one, and per-
feet success Is assured. yet one or two
suggestions may possibly not prove un-
acceptable.
So exhilarating may be the influence
of the proposed change upon the pas
sengers that they will be in danger of
arrest when they alight from the cars.
Would it not be judicious to caution the
police in advance against mistaking the
symptoms? If it be in order, we should
also like to inquire what is the use OF
stopping half way? Why suppress the
deadly disease germ and poisonous ex-
halations from the lungs and not free
the air, outside as well as inside the
cars, of Chicago's omnipresent SCOT?
New-York tribune., 1910-02-02
AT THE WHITE HOUSE.
trrorn The Tribune Bureau. J

u.sb,ns.on. Feb 1.-The President re-
refved assurances to-day from a coininil
fee composed of Representatives Garner
and HAYES of the cordial support OK the
;nsrrgsn,s for his Legislative programme.
Tho President viii send TO Congress IN
the near future a message RECOMMENDING
legislation for the promotion OF ehclehcS .
In the personnel of the army, navy anu
marine corps.
The Cabinet meeting occupied more than
three hours to-day. Secretary meyer us
cussed the message above referred TO- sec
retary Dickinson laid before the Fresiuen'
all the papers in the case OF FIRST Lieu-
tenant George 8. Thompson OF eSS-fi i'i'i
nine scouts. who was convicted Dy couf&
rrartiai in the Philippines of conduct ui'-
becouing an officer and sentenced 10 ols-
rnissaI. Secretary Wilson discussed the
high cost of living
Representative Morehead, Of North caro-
lima. discussed with the President the pros
pects for Republican activity in the SOUTH
eru political field Mr.. Morehead feels cor
fdent that six Republicans VIII De eiecteu
to the House from North Carolina.
The Presidents youngest son, Charles
has received a model OF the aeropiane III
which Glenn Curtiss won the worlds cham-
piOnShlD at hDclHlS,
international airst1ip competition
The President. the Attorney General and
Mr. Finch, pardon attorney of the Depart
ment of Justice, will take up in the near
future the appeal for pardon OF w NJ.
Harvey, of Pittsburg, who was conFlc'eo
several years ago of InishandlinS the 1unds
of the Enterprise National Bank Oh hlie-
ehenv. which failed. Representative era
hon, and the Pennsylvania Railroad COM
nanv are interested in the case. The rail-
road company has promised Mr. Harvey
place of trust, but he must enter on MS
duties by February 20.
Miss Helen Taft, accompanied by two
schoolmates, who have been guests at ths
White House since Saturday AFTERNOON re-
turned to Bryn Mawr this afternoon. 1hey
spent some time yesterday in the Presi-
dent,s seat in the Senate gallery, and later
were guests of the Vice-PTesldenE az
luncheon.
New-York tribune., 1910-02-02
THE MARINE TURBINE.
Mr.. Westinghouse Explains His I'm
DrcVementS

ptNSSlhOAIb.
To the Editor of The Tribune.
Sir: May I say, with reference to your
editorial note in your issue to-day con-
cerning the marine turbine equipment,
which I have had the honor to present to
the Navy Department, that the subject
matter presented did not relate alone to
the Melville and Macalpine gearing, but
included also turbine construction and op
Grafton of more than ordinary Importance
IN the equipment of our battleships in that
there is a saving Of one-half in weight and
space. with great economy in steam con-
sumption and consequently increased cruis-
ing radius.
l may add that negotiations are well ad-
vanced looking TO the installation of like
equipment in passenger and freight boats,
it being well known fact that direct con-
nected turbines cannot be used for the
propulsion OF slow-speed ships
The test and demonstrations Of the Mel
vile and Macalpine gear which have been
made and which have been witnessed by
naval officers and engineers of this and
other countries warrant the statement
that it will be much less of an experiment
to equip a war or other vessel with the
apparatus I have offered to the Navy De-
partment than hereafter to use any of the
direct connected turbine installations.
There can be no stronger corroborative
testimony to this fact than the action Of
Mr. Parsons, who is now making an in
stallation of his turbine with reduction
gear, and the proposed installation Of
turbine-driven electric generators for sup
plying current to motors attached to the
propeller shafts, the reason for this in each
case being the recognition OF the fact that
the installations with the propellers con-
nected directly to the turbine shafts have
not met expectations. Respectfully,
GEO. WESTINGHOUSE
Pitt shilrer Ian 81 1910
New-York tribune., 1910-02-02
NATAL DISCORDS.

The latest exhibition f partlcularlSm
in the navy surprises nobody who has
seen the spirit of factionalism and self
interest develop in that service for Il
generation without efficient check. Chiefs
of bureaus have no hesitancy about OPP
posing legislation recommended by the
head Of the department. They have
been doing the same thing for years,
using their influence, both publicly and
privately. to advance or defeat legfsla-
ton with no regard whatsoever for the
policy of the Secretary or the larger
needs of the navy-one of the largest of
which is a concentration of authority
and responsibility in the Secretary's
hands.
Heads of bureaus have been so ac-
customed to consider their own views
and interests as of prime Importance
that they cannot. bear the thought OF
interference" from the civilian head CT
the establishment. The spirit which
they show was manifested in tie long
continued chickering's between the line
and the engineer corps and is still
shown in the present rivalrieS between
line and staff The administrator who
is to bring order out Of chaos i'll naval
organization must sternly combat this
attitude OF loyalty to bureau or a
corps rather than loyalty to the naval
establishment as whole He must ex-
act obedience as we'll as cooperation If
he hopes to nullify pernicious partic-
ularist influences which have too long
been allowed to exert their sway.
New-York tribune., 1910-02-02

cause of the trusts control of refrigera-
ton. have their legitimate effect of stim-
ulating cattle raising.
What is the truth about this? And
what is the answer to the hundred SIM
liar questions which the public is ask
ing about other commodities? Do the
cold storage s. -culators force UP the
prices of eggs, butter and poultry, or do
they merely distribute the supply Of
these articles throughout tie. year? Are
retailers and middlemen reaping exces-
sive profits? An inquiry sufficiently broad
and fair-minded might have beneficial
effect upon public opinion. might point
the way to some useful legislation and
would certainly educe information OF
scientific value, illuminating the eco
nomie conditions and tendencies. Of the
day
New-York tribune., 1910-02-02
THE DIPLOMATIC CORPS.
rFrom The Tribune Bureau.


Washington, Feb. 1.-The italian AmoaS-
sador and Baroness Mayor des PlancheS
will hold reception at the embassy on
Thursday afternoon. Like all OF their en-
tertafnments from now until they leave
Washington, it will be in the nature OF a
farewell
The Russian Ambassador, who has been
i'll for some weeks, is still confined TO MS
room. but is said TO be a little stronger
each day, and will soon be able to drive
out.
The British Ambassador and Mrs. Bryce
entertained informally at luncheon to-eay-
The Chinese Minister and his family VIII
give a series of afternoon teas on Thurs
day, beginning this week, from to 8
o'clock.
Several diplomats went to Baltimore this
afternoon to attend a musical, with Mrs
Barton Jacobs as hostess In the party
were Nine. Ritter. wife of the Swiss Min
ister; Baroness Preuschen Won und zu
Lebenstein, Viscountess Benoist d'Azy.
Mr. de Thai, Russian second secretary;
Mr.. Martin, Swiss secretary; Miss Robe
son and Mrs. Richardson.
New-York tribune., 1910-02-02
DIETS.

The only trouble with the 20-cents-a-
day fare, such as that laid out by the
Boston expert as q solution of the cost
Of living problem, is that the human
body is not chemical test tube If it
were it might take its carbohydrates,
proteids and the rest of the chemical
material that science says it requires
i'll the form OF musb, oleomargarine,
smoked herring and cocoa shells and
milk, or of chopped hay and silage, for
that matter, without any variation from
Gay 10 day. But although it is common
10 speak Of food as the fuel of the body,
the body will not accept q certain chem
ically sufficient diet unvaried from day
TO day as a furnace will accept coal day
in and day out
4 human being defies chemical analy-
sis. The chemists have never been able
TO put together the various chemical ele-
mentS that enter into a living organism
in one of their retorts and combine them
SO as TO produce that organism or any
other living thing. The synthesis is be
yond them. In similar way there is
more to nutrition than the mere just
proportion of chemical elements.
The only man who can thrive on
model cheap meals or on nuts and raw
turnips is the food faddist, and he finds
in the very eccentricity of his diet the
pleasure that the ordinary man gets
from the flavor of varied diet. from
porterhouse steak and all the delcacies
In season The man who is proving by
his practice that peanuts are the one
perfect food has a mental sauce for his
peanuts that the man cannot obtain who
can afford to eat nothing but peanuts.
New-York tribune., 1910-02-02
4 SUCCESSFUL EXPERIMENT.

4 81 IGEscSE L l. Lar
The success of the attempt to ipcor-
Dorate the 1naximum-minimum scheme
of duties into our tariff system is now
amply assured The critics Of the Payne
law last summer savagely denounced the
maximum-minimum device as dishon-
est Subterfuge TO secure the imposition
of maximum rates on the great bulk of
imports into this country. They said
that the higher rates We're intended TO
be the normal rates and that the lower
ones were devised only to last until
March i, 1910. after which, oa the con-
yenient pretext Of trade Determinations,
an extra duty of % per cent ad valorem
would be clapped on all dutiable goods
sent us by the chief foreign traders in
our market.
Such criticism did little credit to the
fairness or intelligence of those who in
dulsed IN it. The Payne law was passed
with view to increasing the revenues,
and it would have failed grotesquely in
that purpose if it had operated to shut
foreign goods out entirely by putting
duties on a prohibitive basis. It's franz
ers counted with reason on effecting an
exchange of trade courtesies with most
foreign countries. and that expectation
has been realized by the completion OF
negotiations which will allow the mimi
mum rates TO apply to imports from most
of the countries Of Europe, and will en-
title our exports to entry on the most
favorable terms into nearly every impor-
sion decided ten days ago that no OBJ
stacle existed to trade under the mini
mum schedule with the United Kingdom,
Italy, Russia, Spain, Switzerland and
Turkey. 1t has just added to the mini
mum schedule list Belgium, Denmark,
Norway. Sweden, the Netherlands, Egypt
and Persia.
The great bulk of our trade with
Europe is thus TO be conducted on the
most favored nation basis. We imported
from Europe in 190S-i09 commodities
amounting in value to S6554 3D. 600. OF
that total the countries heretofore named
sent us goods valued at $4,000 000 or
51.9 per cent. If an agreement is reached
with Germany the percentage Of Euro
l3thL tiiltliIiS uilNISi Illt Illl1ll-
mum schedule viii be increased to 20.
in 190S09 the United States exported to
Europe goods valued at 81, ,146, 100000.
OF this total, goods sent TO the countries
enumerated amounted in value to $751;
000.000, or 6S2 per cent. If Germany
IS included the total will be raised TO
S1,017,0 100000, or SS,7 per cent. It will
te. seen. therefore, that SO far as Europe
is concerned trade under the minimum
schedule will be almost universal, while
outside of Europe there is probably no
single country or dependency, except
Canada, with which the United States
Will have any great difficulty in arriving
al a mutually satisfactory trade under
standing The NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS. de-
vice has worked as its advocates pre-
dicted that it would work-to protect
American commerce abroad, while not
closing our markets in any material or
harmful degree to the products of other
nations.
New-York tribune., 1910-02-02
IN WASHINGTON SOCIETY.
From The Tribune Bureau

IFrom The Tribune Bureaul
Washington, Feb. 1.-The Secretary OF
War and Mrs Dickinson and the Secretary
of the Interior and Mrs BallinSer were en-
tertained at dinner tonight by the Solicitor
General and Mrs. Lloyd w Bowers, who
invited number of guests to meet them
The party dined at an early hour and later
went to the White House reception
The British Ambassador and Mrs Bryce
were the guests of honor at dinner to-
night, with DR.. and Mrs. Mckim as hosts
Mr. and Mrs. Henry Cleveland Perkins
entertained number of guests at dinner
tonight, and ex-senator Davis had TO dine
with him at the home of Senator and Mrs
EIkins number of prominent railroad
men.
Senator Depew left here to-day for New
York for a short visit
Miss Olga Roosevelt, who is now in New
York. will join her parents. Mr. and Mrs.
Robert B. Roosevelt. here tomorrow. On
Friday they will go 10 Philadelphia the
guests OF Mrs. Robert Norris. and will at
tend the Assembly Ball with her.
Miss Ethel Roosevelt, who is now the
guest of her brother-in-law and sister,
Representative and Mrs. Longworth. at
New-York tribune., 1910-02-02
FRENCH COURT REFORMS.

The agitation and controversy which
were aroused by the notorious SteinheiI
trial in Paris are now bearing fruit
which promises to be Of permanent and
benefcent effect in French jurispru-
dence. or at least in the conduct of GRIM
inal trials. 4 bill for the radical reform
of procedure has been prepared under
the direction OF the Minister of Justice,
and it seems likely to be enacted into
law. If so. IL will mark greater changes
than have been seen before in our time
The Dreyfus case led to Increased privi-
leges OF appeal, and the Solelland case
reused a revolt against clemency to
murderers- We may similarly expect
the Steinheii case TO be associated with
the pretty complete separation Of the
judges from the prosecutors functions
Opponents Of the reform have protested
against what they call the weakening IF
the bench and the lowering of its dig
Iity. On the other hand, its advocates
insist that the proposed changes would
really enhance the judicial authority by
ridding ii OF excrescences and burdens
which weaken and deform it. Hitherto
at the opening of trial the judge has
cross-examined the prisoner, after. the
manner of q prosecuting attorney, using
as the basis of his inquest the written
Indictment only Now it is pointed out
that the indictment is not evidence which
has been given in the court, and that q
gross Inversion Of procedure is involved
in cross-examining before direct testi-
New-York tribune., 1910-02-02

l., ~. Wanna Meme Freie Presse." "will
bs taken on February Z, when the Congre-
CATION of Rights VIII begin It's 1nVesusa~
tjon of the high claim for SANITY hoHol0
of the heroine whose beatifcaton was pro-
claimed by the Pope on April 10, I9Vs oeE
eraI miracles which have been periori'eo
since that time will come under lh'es'isA
ton One of these took place at Lo0iuo'
The learned men will probably require Two
wears to finish their investigation, anu a.
the end of that time Jeanne d arc WIN
probably receive the honors of the aitai
and become one of the national saihtS VI
France"
Rev Gentleman - Do you know, ars ng
friend that half the cases or cancer aIo
caused by people smoking those FOUL dirty
short black. clay pipes? ,.
Son of Toil--And do you Know, guy soL III,
that 'alf the black eyes are caused py Iotas Itss
Bit Bits. ''ii''''' ''' '"
In the prospectus which has been issued
by the directors Of the international Art
Exposition which Will take place at venice
this year a list is given showing the NUM-
ber of works of art sold at previous exhlpl-
tions in that city and the amount reaiized
At the first one, in 1885. the sales amounted
to $50 900 lire, and at the last, In 1917. the
amount was 526g7S lire. The formal open
ing will be on April 22 and the closing eA-
ercises are scheduled for october 81 Inc
fact that April 20 will be Friday SHOWS
that the promoters of the show are not
superstitious on that point.
Tourist--Do you know whether I'm right
for Stratford- -on-Avon2
Rustic silent .
Tourist (.ncoura gingly) stratford-
Shakespeare's country You know Shake
Speare?
Rustic Cbrightening)-Yus; be you he7-
Tit-Bits.
Baltimores school board has under con-
sideration the question Of allowing corporai
punishment in the public schools. The SUD-
ject has been referred to committee, whlch
will confer with the teachers. If the opin-
ions of the latter prevail the answer to the
question is easy. Was there ever schooi
teacher who didn't fairly itch to 'wallop'
an unruly boy7
Grandma (to Willie who is visiting In
the country)-Now, Willie, tomorrow We
will go TO the little country church over
there and you will be christened.
Willie Nwhose papa builds ships)-No. you
don't, l don't want anybody busting
bottle Of champagne over my head!-Judge.
New-York tribune., 1910-02-02
PLAN HUNeARIAN HOSPITAL

At a recent meeting of the Hungarian
Hospital Association. held the ST. Regis
Hotel, IL was decided to collect funds
all over the country for the purpose OF
erecting modern hospital IN This city
1t is understood that the papers OF ibcor-
poration are soon TO be fled with the
Secretary of State. The officers of tho
association are Professor Arpad Cse-Ster,
president and Consul General Alexander de
NGoer and Professor NJ. e PupiD. OF
Columbia University. viee-presidsnsS. The
office or general secretary will Ie hIled
by Emil Zerkowitz. Royal Hungarian In
spector OF Immigration Count Ladislaw
Szechenyi is a member OF the executive
committee.
New-York tribune., 1910-02-02
THE HELPING HAND.

To the Editor of The Tribune.
Sir: VIII you allow constant and an
preciative reader of your paper to express
his humiliation and surprise that the
Chamber of Commerce of New York cou,d
not better estimate and measure The deli
cacy shown by the French Chamber OF
Commerce in not asking aid where II Is SO
pa1pabiy needed? L cannot but believe
that the better breeding and national cour-
tesy of the French would not have awaited
any begging appeal could the situation he
reversed. AS an American l most earnestly
hope that better councils will prevail.
FRANK S. ABBOTT, NJ. ID.
Lakehurst, N. j.. Jan. 20. 1910
New-York tribune., 1910-02-02

mony is given; and also that for the
Judge thus to examine the prisoner in
advance is to incur a grave risk OF at
least apparent impairment of his judicial
, impartiality.
For the sake OF the bench, therefore,
as well as for other reasons, II is pro-
posed to abolish that preliminary inquest
by the judge. The new procedure Will
begin with the reading of the formal
charge of the committing magistrate.
This will be followed by a statement
of the case by the public prosecutor,
which will not, however. be permitted
tc degenerate into harangue against
the prisoner or even into an argument
for the prosecution, but must be confined
to a presentation of facts. Then will
come the taking of testimony, during
which the Judge will have the power TO
demand explanations from the prisoner
or from any witness, as may seem TO
him fitting or desirable for the establish
ment of the full truth. Finally, the pub
lie prosecutor and the counsel for the
defence will have opportunity for cross
examination of all witnesses ana, or
course fer summing up arguments, ana
then the jury will probably be asked,
not as at present, as the prisoner
guilty." but Has the prisoner peen
proved guilty."
These changes will not make the
French procedure identical with or even
nuch like cur own But they will at
least eliminate from it the feature winch
has seemed, to those accustomed TO An
gIo-Saxon as contrasted with Latin
methods. to be least consistent with Ju-
dicial impartiality and with the ascer-
tainment of the truth. and they will in
vest the French procedure with a SIM
plicity and a directness which may per-
haps be worthy of consideration by
Anrln- Saxon iurStS.
New-York tribune., 1910-02-02
PEOPLE and Social lncfdenfs

tended tho reception 70 Congress at ths
White House with them she met NAM
old friends. who remembered her first sp-
pearancs in the Blue Room In the early
part OF her fathers adninistration. whs1
she wore sh ort, giriisb Sr5@ks and her han
in braids. tied with wide ribbons
John Barrett. director Of the Bureau OF
American Republics. entertained at dinner
tonight in honor OF the recently appointed
Minister 20 China and Mrs w j. Calhoun.
His other guests were the Chillan Minister
and sefora de Cruz, tho Ecuadoran Minis
ter. the Cuban Minister, Sfr. and Mrs
Thomas c. Dawson, Representative anr
Mrs. d. J. Foster. Nine Yanes, Miss sher-
riIl and Miss carbo-
New-York tribune., 1910-02-02
IMMIGRATION LEAGUES.

To the Editor of The Tribune.
Sir: For the benefit of "a Worker" and
yankee whose letters on immigration
recently appeared In The Tribune. I beg
to state that two organizations have been
formed In New York and Brooklyn to
advocate drastic legislation on this subject.
If, therefore, those writer's are very earnest
in this matter. would suggest that they
join these leagues and help the good work
along w. II. ALLEN.
Brooklyn, Jan. 2S. 1910