davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1910-12-31

German and English sermons, re-
epectively. at tho low and high mass
every hrsi and fourth Sunday OF TIRE
month. Vice verse on all other SUI
days.
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1910-12-31
The First spIrituaIist Society.

There will be a meeting of the First
Spiritual society of Hammond Sunday
evening at o'clock at the residence
of Mrs Kroer, 294 Towle street. All
the members and their friends are in
vited to be in attendance.
In the afternoon a meeting will be
held at o'clock at the residence Of
Madame Costello, S32 Morton avenue
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1910-12-31
DOUBLE
COP SQUAD
A PUZZLE

IL Gary's rival police department,
for which an 1900 appropriation has
already been made, become a reality in
few weeks 1t may not have the form
that It's chief exponent Alderman NJ. NJ.
Castleman would have for It. Some of
the aldermen are baking OH the nam
Ing of Charles Catey as the chief of
powers with Chief Martin.
They Bank ON Catey.
Two of the aldermen declare that
they knew that Castleman was to in
troduce the ordinance creating detect
i've and Identification bureaus. but they
did not know that Catey was to be
chief of the former until has name was
read. Hence the kick, and the chances
are that If the ordinance does go
through it will lack Catey's name in IT.
Because of the rivalry and bitterness
existing between Chief Martin and for
mer Captain Catey some of the alder
men believe that the two police depart
ments would be too much at logger
heads and they want departmental
, heads who would work together. Mar
tin will be subject to the mayors or
ders, while the new police department
will be subject to council orders. Who
ever can boss the council is going tc
run the new police department., but the
sentiment seems to be for the two
! chiefs to work in harmony as far as
general details go.
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1910-12-31

Evangelical Emmanuel Church, Nj. G.
Hoefer, pastor. Residence. $50 Sibley
street. Phone 1854.
German service at 10 a. m.
Bible school at p. m.
English service at 1880 p. m. every
second and fourth Sunday of each
month.
Ladies' Aid society's business meet
ing at 1880 p m first Monday of the
. month.
Social meeting at p. m. second
Thursday of each month.
Mems Benevolent association every
third Wednesday of the month at 1880
p.
Male chorus Wednesday at p. m
Dung Peoples society at 1880 p. m
| alternate Thursdays.
| Choir practice Thursday at 1880 p. m
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1910-12-31
Pe.teco.taI church Of a.. N...re..


The Rev. w. u. Fugate of Glasgow.
Kentucky, has been called TO I'LL the
place vacated by Rev. Hunt.
Morning services. 1c.A5 a. m
Sunday school. $3.50 a. m.
Praise service. p. m.
Street meeting, Gas p. m. Corner
Thompson and sibiey streets.
Evening service, 7:46 .. m.
Prayer meeting, Wednesday p. m
Bible study, Friday .. m.
Street meeting Saturday D. m. at State
and Oakley avenue.
~. Jassph's Catholic Church. nsv.
II. NJ. Plaster, pastor.
First mass uow) at a. m.
High mass at 1915 n. m.
Catecheticai instruction Mt .. m
Devotion and benediction.
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1910-12-31
zion. German VI. e. Church, 2ss Tru-

man avenue. Residence, ESQ Truman
avenue Rev. J. Beinert, pastor.
Sunday school at $50 a. N.
Preaching service at 1880 a. m
Epworth League at 6:45 p. m
Evening services at 1880 p m
Wednesday evening at prayer
meeting.
TIL Ladies Aid society meets every
Thursday afternoon IN the church par
lors. to make preparations for the ba-
zaar. which is to be held in the near
future. The business meetings of this
society are held on the last Thurs
dav OF >he month
Choir practice. Friday evening. at
p
The public IS cordially invited to at
tend any or all these ss5ees-
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1910-12-31

Added complications were given to
the mix-up yesterday afternoon when
the safety commissioners met and APP
pointed Detective Ed Shewbridge,
formerly of the Chicago Bertillon bu-
reau, as chief of the Identification bu-
reau. AS the council abolished this bu
reau some days ago following the dis
missal of Oscar H. Schmidt, the muddle
is very deep. The ordinapce creating
the new detective bureau also provides
for the recreation of the Identification
bureau with Oscar H. Schmidt as it's
chief at a salary of s125 per month.
s--~ly Enough Policing.
If this ordinance goes through there
will be two bureaus of Identification
as well as two separate police depart
ments. Threats we're made in the
Knots camp yesterday that il CHIEF
Catey and Chief Schmidt get to wear
these titles and their subordinates as
sumo police powers they will be ar
rested on the charge of impersonatins
an officer.
On the other hand the latest ordi
| nance in the city council provides tina
! IL Chief Martin or Chief Shewbridg
| or any ether city official interfere
with Chief Catey or Chief Schmidt the,
shall be fined not less than $25 no
more than $3.50.
Where VIII 1t Endf
| SO there you are. If the Knots pc
/ lice department do what they think
their duty they can be subjected to
II fine OF $3.50 and If the aldermanic pc
lice department starts out to police tn
city then police department No. 1 ma
arrest department No. 2, but in sue
an event department No. 2 can have
fined How the tangle is ever to b
Strengthened out is than an
Carlyle can figure out.
Council Meets Monday.
Monday night the council agai
meets, but whether 1t will transa.
much business has not been determine
vet AS some Of the aldermen are fe
shading the Catey end of the new ps
lice department the new ordinance
/ may be held up for while.
|
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1910-12-31

IL <. Thompson. passvr-
ypwbs Thu ETAOIN- JUN. IN
The Rev Hoffman of Chicago will
preach at the Pine street Presbyterian
church sunday. and the public is cor
daily invited 10 hear him
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1910-12-31
German Evangelical linn

German Evangelical lmmanuel
Church. Rev. Q. A. Heidelberg, pastor.
Sermon every Sunday at 10 a. m.
Sunday school every Sunday at 3
q. m.
Ladies' Aid society meets every nrst
Monday OF each month.
Young Peoples society meets every
second and fourth Thursday of every
month.
Sick Fund society meets every third
Thursday of each month.
Choir practice every Wednesday at
p. m.
Male choir practice every Thursday
at 8 D. m.
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1910-12-31
DEMOCRATS
CANNOT PAY
THEIR BILLS

Continued from Page ono,
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1910-12-31

ARE YOU READING THE TIMEss
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1910-12-31

81. PauI's Lutheran Church, III Crin.
ton. street. Theodore Claus. pastor.
German service with holy communion
this evening at 1880
German service with holy commun-
ion tomorrow at 10 a. m.
Preparatory service at $3.50 a. m.
English Sunday school at 1870 p. m.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1910-12-21
John G. Carlisle, Pauper.

The sad fate of John G.. Carlisle
filling a pauper's grave is but another
sharp warning to all good fellows y
Seventeen years ago he was secre.
tary of the treasury under President
Cleveland; he had been speaker of
the house and was man of brilliant
attainments. Of warm hearted,
genial nature he fell an easy prey to
the convivial life of Washington.
Strong drink was his downfall. His
travel down the broad and slippery
path was a rapid one. When his re-
mains were shipped to his former
home in Kentucky the hat had to be
passed to provide a decent burial.
Boys, this is not only sermon but
a picture. Remember it. Falrmont
Sentinel. IS
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1910-12-21
Come Here and Avoid Billiards.

Come Here and Avoid Billiards.
Fierce billiards and delayed traffic
are reported in Tennessee, Ohio and
other states in the south and east,
while in northern Minnesota there
has been nothing approaching a biz
gard and we have had ideal winter
weather with just enough snow for
sleigh:ng. Observant people are
finding out that the climate of this
part of the Union is not what it has
oft times been portrayed by misin-
formed and prejudiced writer's in the
east. Come to northern Minnesota
and live in the most enjoyable and
healthful climate in the Union
Middle River Pioneer.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1910-12-21

Inesota have not had all to which
are entitled from the government OF
the commonwealth. Sharp and
lust criticism has been hurled at the
lax manner in. which proper I'M
migration laws have been neglected;
against the difficulty of obtaining
state land, against the lack of proper
highways and many other disadvan.
tages with which the farmer has
been compelled to cope.
The governors idea that some
thing should be done to further de-
velop the state probably springs
from the census bureau nightmare
which shows loss in population in
twenty-five of our southern counties
during the past ten years.
Says the governor: 4
There should be some
effort to encourage the development
of the states agricultural resources.
The Secretary of Agriculture has
done a vast amount of good work in
this direction-for instance with the
corn-growing competition in the
Southland I think this same idea
can be introduced in Minnesota
with equally beneficial results. There
should be some well.organized
bureau and responsible head with
whom the Governor can consult.
This is what I want to get. 1t is
one of the objects of my visit to
Washington"
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1910-12-21
How They Fight Fire In Turkey.


This is the method of lighting fire in
Turkey. In the center Of CONSTANT
nople a high watchtower has beeil
erected When the man in the tower
sees a blaze the alarm is sounded and
the tiremen are called to their posts.
If they have horses they proceed very
leisurely to hitch them to the engines
or carts and trot to the fire, but in
most cases they have no horses and
the men drag the engines through the
streets at a walk. They do not hurry.
to attach the hose to the hydrant. The
captain first finds the owner of the
building that is in danger of destruc-
tion and finds out how much he will,
pay to have the fire put out. If the
blaze is beyond control the captain ap-
proacheS the owners of surrounding
property and bargains with them for
their protection, and of course they
pay him liberally.-New York Post.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1910-12-21
WE NEED IT.

While in Washington on his re.
cent inspection tour of the senate
chamber, Governor Eberhart took
time to say that he proposed to re.
commend in his coming message to
the legislature the creation of a
state department of agriculture to be
presided over by commissioner Of
agriculture.
It will be quite generally conced-
ed that the farming interests of Min.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1910-12-21
CITY OF BEMIDJI

County Seat.
Popuiation-In 1900, 1900; in 1910
1000. -
Summer Resort-Hundreds of outsiders
make their summer homes on Lake Be-
midi. Fishing, boating and bathing &C.
commodations are second to none in the
United States.
Area-Ten square miles Incorporated.
Altitude 14OO feet above sea level.
Water Power-22OO developed horse
power, Mississippi river.
Water-Absolutely pure. Two artesian
wells.
Water Mains-About ten. miles.
Boatine-5OOs miles by lake and river.
Death Rate-5.4 a thousand in 1908.
Annual Rainfall-33.7 inches.
Temperature above, winter; IS
summer, mean.
Sewer Mains-AboutI fvesmiles.
Cement Sidewalks-Twelve miles.
Lakeshore Drives-Ten miles.
Parks-TwO.
Water Frontaee--Ten miles, two lakes
and Mississippi river.
A Home Town-16OO residences.
Taxpayers-12OO.
Churches-8.
School Houses-FOur.
Bank Deposits $8OO,OOO.
Observation-Disclosures handles, lum
Der, lath, shingles, and various other
industries.
Great Distributing ..Point-Lumber prod
ucts, groceries -four, feed and hay.
Postal Receipts 900 for 1909, 10th
place in state.outside of St. Paul, Mime
apolis and"..Duluth.
Railroads-Great Northern. Minnesota &
International, M, R. L. & NJ, Minneapolis
St. Paul & Sault tSte. Marie, Wilton &
Northern, Grand Forks to Duluth, and
Bemidji -Sauk Centre.
Railroad Depots-Three.
PASSENGER Trains Fourteen, daily.
Hospitals-One.
Distances-To St. Paul. ..23O miles; to
Duluth, 1877 miles.
Hotels-Fifteen.
Breweries-One.
Sawmills-Four.
Handle Factofies-One.
Wholesale Houses-FOur.
Banks-Three.
Auto Garages-One.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1910-12-21
The Analysis.

did you have the soil of your back
yard analysed by the agricultural de-
partment?"
'Yes. They said it consisted largely
of glass. tin and putty, with traces OF
builders lime. and suggested that it
might do to raise mortgage on
Louisville Courier-Journat. II
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1910-12-21

Christmas gifts sent to the Old
World cost this year close to $780,
100000. How would you like to be
the Old World?
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1910-12-21
An Amendment.

Al NmendmeNt.
Are you ready to live on my In
Gomez" be asked softly.
She looked up into dis face trust
ingly.
"Certainly, dearest" she answered
'if-if"-
IF what?'
IF you get another one for your.
self"-New York Journal -"
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1910-12-21

Minneapolis BARRIERS are con.
temrlating raising the price of a
haircut from IS cents to so cents. If
they do this, the only way to beat
them will be to marry a Minneapolis
girl. She will jerk you bald headed.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1910-12-21
The Doctors Viewpoint.

BuXom WidOw-Do you understand
the language of flowers. Or. Crusty
Or. Crusty IAN old bachelor,-No.
ma'am. WidOw-.You don't know if
yellow means jealousy: DR.. Crusty-
No. ma'am: yellow means biliousness
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1910-12-21
The Free Riders.

"A good many people get on this
earth who aren't worth the room they
take up" said the cynical suciologist
YES" replied the eminent astrono-
mer. Its Il good thing for many OF
us that we are not obliged to get
aboard this whirling planet on a pay as
you enter basis. - Washington Star.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1910-12-21
A Popular Doctor,

Bl1nkers-HOw did such an igno-
ramus as Or. De Sharpp get such a
large practice among the Wealthiest
people? KEnker- Whenever million
aire gets sick he tells him it's from
overwOrk.-New York Weekly.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1910-12-21

It is all very we'll for the census
bureau to talk about the increased
value of Minnesota farms, but what
we want to know is; how are the
plum buildings coming along?
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1910-12-21

Something tells US that the legisla-
ture will be just bone headed enough
not to believe that Governor Eber-
hart is necessity in the United
States senate chamber.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1910-12-21
ANYHOW We Have No Hammer.

Anyhow We Have No Hammer.
The Bemidji Pioneer has seen fit
to honor US with a half column call
ing US down anent our few words
last week in regard to the Brainerd
meeting of the development associ-
alton. AS nearly every line in the
columns of that great newspaper
gives evidence of servitude to the
political intrigues for the money
powers, it's criticisms along that line
will not have much weight.-St.
Hilaire Spectator.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1910-12-21

A machine has just been invented
which will pick cotton as readily as
a harvester reaps wheat. The colored
folks of the south are grining almost
as unanimously as if a new water.
melon had been invented.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1910-12-21

That Progressive Republican call
for a meeting in Minneapolis next
month doesn't appear to have stirred
up a wave of popular approval. In
fact it begins to look as if the Pro.
gressives might have to call again.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1910-12-21
Crippen Hanged; Gibbons Isn't.

Dr.. Crippen, was accused, convict
ed and executed for the murder of
his wife last summer, but Paddy
Gibbons is still in Jail at Hastings,
waiting for the tardy process of the
law, and he killed his wife and the
parish priest last May. Are our
British cousins so slow?-St. Paul
Times.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1910-12-21
KNOWN VALUES

PUBLISHERS CLASSIFIED ADVERTIS.
H. ING ASSOCIATION PAPERS
WE ARE MEMBERS
Papers in all parts of the States and
Canada. Your wants supplied-anywhere any
lime by the best mediums in the country.
Get our membership lists-Check papers
you want. We do the rest.
Publishers Classified Advertising Associa.
ton, Buffalo, N. Y.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1910-12-21
Great Achievement.

And what do you regard as the
greatest triumph of modern SURGERY"
"Collecting the bills" promptly re-
sponded the great practitioner.-Lon
don Spare Moments.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1910-12-21
This For you, Lillian.

Lillian Russell says that when all
women dress as we'll as she does
there will be fewer divorces. Lillian
is right-there can't be divorces with
out marriages.-Bede's Budget.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1910-12-21
The Dreaded Doctor.

The Dreaded Doctor.
How did you like your dinner:" In
quired the epicure.
''Well." answered the dyspeptic. lit
was admirable in every respect. But
my doctor has put me into such an
apprehensive frame of mind that When
ever | really enjoy eating anything
become utterly miserable"
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1910-12-21
NeW-CaSh- Want-Rate
(! 2-Cent-a-w0rd

Where cash accompanies copy we
will publish all "Want Ads" for half
cent a word per insertion. Where
cash does not accompany copy the
regular rate of one ceut e word will
be charged.
every HOME HAS A WANT AD
For Rent--For SaIe--Exchange
--HeIp Wanted--Work Wanted
..EtC...EtC.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1910-12-21
FOR SALE.

FOR SALE-Complete Furniture
for four room house including
linens and curtains cost 1925, two
months in use. Will take $50,
fifty dollars down, balance IS per
month, also velvet skirt and silk
coat cost $65; will take FPS if
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1910-12-21

Put on your armor and 20 to it..
Only thirty-two more shopping hours
to Christmas.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1910-12-21

Johnny's idea of a real merry
Christmas is a small boy completely
surrounded by pie.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1910-12-21
WHAT OTHER PAPERS SAY
Hop to It.

James J. Hill says there's pros
perity ahead. Here's hoping we
catch up with it.-Moorhead Inde-
pendent.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1910-12-21
MISCELLANEOUS

Sealed Bids will be received by the
Secretary al his Office December
24,h 10 a. m for 20 or 40 acre
tract suitable for tar grounds.
Bids, must give desert ption, price
per acre and terms of pay ment-
The Cfficers reserve the right to
reject any or all bids. Beltrami
County Agricultural Association
A. P. White, President w. R.
Mackenzie SIC.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1910-12-21
eoa RENT

FOR RENT-F,ve room house ALI
MINI. ave- Call at Henrionnet
Millinery Parlors.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1910-12-21

EOR SALE-Six room house 1903
Mississippi Ave. This is snap if
taken at once. H. M. Young.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1910-12-21

FOR SALE-Rubber stamps, Tn.
Pioneer will procure any kind of a:
rubber stamp for you an shor
notice. ... &<=
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1910-12-21

FOR SALE-Residence lots one
r block from school building. Ap.
ply H. Nj. Young.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1910-12-21
taken before. Xmas. Call room q,
Bazaar Block. ..

FOR SALE-Hotel with bar both
doing good business. Reason for
selling, poor health. Address Joe
Sachapelle. Little Fork, MINI.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1910-12-21

FOR SALE-Two driving teams
both young. Inquire of NJ.
HeiDzelman, State Park. Post
Office, Arigo, MINI.
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1910-06-12
Washington Real Estate
Dealer Passes Away Early
This Morning.
HIS CAREER BEGUN
AS BOY IN OFFICE
Advanced in Business TO Presidency
of the R. o. Hoffman
Realty Company.

Upton H. Ridenour. Jr., one OF the
most widely known real estate men IN
Washington, died at o'clock this morn
ing at his residence, 1922 Bntmore street
northwest. after an Illness OF only ten
days.
Mr.. Ridenour was forty-nine years old
and has been a resident OF washington
all his life. He is survived by a wife.
Mrs. Belle Miller Ridenour. and mis-
father, Upton II. Ridenour senior.
Mr.. Rideno1r first entered the real
estate business as office boy with the
r. o. Holtzman Realty Company. then
located at Tenth and streets, more
than thirty years ago. He rose in the
business rapidly and at the age Of nine
teen was made a salesman, and later
sales manager. Upon the death OF Mr..
Holtzman, ten years ago, Mr. Ridenour
assumed charge OF the office. Through
MS eHOrtS the company was incOrporat-
ed lie was elected president, posi-
death
In addition 70 his real estate business.
MT Rldenour was financially interested
IN number OF local insurance compan-
les and was director in the Columbia
FIRE Insurance COMPANY. which was re-
Gently merged with another local COM
DanE- he was also treasurer of the 81
Nincents Orphan Asylum
Although Mr.. RidenOUr had not been
IN good health for the past week he was
able 10 attend to his business. and was
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1910-06-12
DR.. BLACK IN FIELD
AGAINST DALZELL
Announces Candidacy Re
gardlesS of Outcome of
Recount.

FITTSBURG. Pa, June 12.-Dr.
Robert j. Black. who is Contestiug the
election Of Congressman John DaIzeII
Ut the recent primaries. this morning
announced for the first time that ne
v. ould be a candidate aeainst Dalzeu
aT election, no matter What The de-
ClslOn Of the county commissioners
may be after the votes lave been re-
counted.
Both DaIzeU and ms elf were en-
tered IN the primaries 'Jy the prOhi-
bitiOn party, said Black. 4 re-
Ceived nineteen votes on that ticket as
against thirteen cast for Mr.. DaiZell.
II the Republican organization counts
me out as Il appears they are en-
deaV bring 10 do, I shah run on the
prohibition ticket, and I will win.
Il have received offers of assist
ance from all over the county, and
in the next campaign win be i'm a pO-
sitiOu 10 fight DalEell with money.
and VIII be able TO put up dollar for
dollar.
''The alleged success or DalzeU a.
the primaries cost him and his sup
porters in the neighbOThOOd OF 500
This enormous amount viii not show
in his eNpence account, but I know IL
is correct 1 spent less than $500