The sun., 1910-05-02
BREEDING rHE ARMY'S HORSES.

N
differing somewhat from those required
| for CIVILIAN use consequently mOsi nations
raise their own horses for the army. It II
very important In time Of war that every
nation should be abls 20 supply its own army
with al the horses needed for the hsld and
not BE- deuendent on any other nation.
Until recently tho United States had
taken no steps n establish breeding farms
for horses for the army. but lately study
OF the subject BY the General Stan has
emphasized the fact that such establish
ments are absolutely necessary not only 20
! it out our armies but also 70 keep them
supplied with serviceable animals In time
Of war
Recently the Quartermaater-Gs General Of
the army entered into negotiations
with the Department OF Agriculture and
selected representatives 10 undertake the
dsvelopment Of a system by which the
Department Of Agriculture would be able
TO breed a horse suitable for military pur-
poses. The Department Of Agriculture
will be represented In this work by the
animal husbandman Of that Department.
George n Rommel and the QuaFtermAster's .
| Department by a cavalry Othcer. Capt
Casper H. Conrad. JT.. now on duty TO pur-
u NnMMN N0FNNN lWF NME MENAAN NNAN "
mount depOts have been esta ahlished az FORTS
keogh and Reno and elsewhere.
The establiahment Of horse breeding
farms for the army has been advocated
for a number Of years In this country.
especially by the cavalry and the Quarter
masters Department. and several years
aE0 Gen. Carter on his way 20 the Philip
pines was directed 10 investigate the sub
isct In Europe. Later. In 1907. the oiicers
detailed to witness the manGuvres in Ger
many. with Gen. EdRerly ian experienced
cavalry oficeTl a. their head. Nere also
instructed 20 study and report upon the
horse breeding establishments In Germany
I and Austria. Finally an excellent re-
port on the subject was submitted 10 the
| Department In Washington by Consul
General 4. ~. Thackara at Berlin. and this
became the foundation for the system which
is now being carried into ehect
The horss breeding establishments are
generally under tho Department Of Agri-
culture IN all European countries. and We
are prOhtinE by the eXperience Of ihees
nations. Russia is the only country that
has these establishments entirely under
military control. but In Austria they are
organized In a military way and the War
Department has charge Of their inspection
and supervision. although the management
10 left entirely 70 the Department Of Agri-
culture
Germany on account Of her large and
important army. h naturally the model for
such establishments The GOyeFnmen, stud
farms Of Germany are noted In the military
world for their excellent practical systems
and the results they have attained. Of
these the mos, noted are those of Prussia
and Trakehnen. GTaditz and BebeFbeck
The purpose Of these is 20 improve he breed
Of horses IN the country and TO produce
distinct breeds foE various purposes The
Prlssian stud farms alone contain about
forty grown stations. and 80 mares. and
s.OoO young stations and mares.
The number of hOrsea In the German
army IN time 0f peace amounts % about
/ 1900. Every wear a. the end oi the autumn
! manpuvres. when the new recruits also
enter the army. the horses uRAt for service
are scharged and the vacancies are filled
By taking ~ the Temounts.
/ The German army requires annually
about ia.O0O remounts. the ayerAgs time
oi service oi a cavalry horse being about ten
years. that of a field artillery horse. whose
work h much harder about nine years.
The remounts are purchased In the country
by ave commissions travelling over the
horse districts IN spring and sumner
buying as q rule only three-year-Old horses
suitable for the military service. The horses
are brought for this purpose 70 remOuni
markets BY their owners The average
price paid IL about t2tS the lowest price
being about tiao for light dragon or
husaAr horses. The highest about $3.50 for
cuirAasier horses OF artillery pole horses.
The horses are hrst taken 70 remoun,
depots There these raw and - yet un-
broken animals are prepared bv pFoper
] feeding Tor the demands of their comm
military seTvice and at the end Of a wear
arc turned over 10 he troops.
There are tVenty-seven remount depots
In all. Fast Prussia IL a. the head Of the
resnount provinces not ONLY IN the Qualii y
but also m The number Of horses bought
The great nat ional half blood stud farm al
TrNAehnen has p1t its stamp on all the Fast
Prusslan horses the tough Fast Prussian Il
re true soldiers horse West Prussia
however. Is not far behind. and Posen fur,
n'shea = nohle light qoldssrs horse, whils
the HanOyerian - betteF suited for IN,
heavy cavalry ~ Tor deld artillery. Thes,
are all warm bloosled animals. whereas m,
horses from me Hhine provinces and SaN,
ony are cold hl0oded and are used prtnci
pally for siege artillery. requiring no spscia
care and training a. remourt derots. aud ar,
therefore turned over directly to the sier,
batteries.
Pemount commissions assign the horses
- tho di'eren' regiments, selecting irSt ths
Officers horses, then saddle horses tirst anc
second class then draft horses itNoclas~e-,
ny a recent order white oT era" horses or,
no longer purchased, these colors beinl
unht for service On account ~ Offering too
HFn = ! u hr EHNA In