The Bridgeport evening farmer., 1910-03-12
A WORLD CONGRESS
 TO STUDY CRIME
The United States, a Leader in Many Branches of Pen ology, Will Entertain Eu- rope at Next Falls Inter national Congress.
(By O. F. LEWIs)
Secretary Prison Association, New
 York. (1xcusive Service The Survey Press Bureau.

Secretary Prison Association, New
 York.
 Excusive Service The Survey Press
 Bureau.
 When on September 19, 1910, a special train of ten Pi111mans leaves New York on a two thousand mile trip to visit reformatories and penal institu- tions between New York. Chicago, Louisville and Washington, it will con vey one of the most important bodies of representatives of different govern me11ts that has ever gathered in the United States. Probably never before have thirty or more governments of the civilized world. including nearly all the nations of Europe, sent to this country their official representatives to meet in an interna tional Congress.
 To add to the interest of this Con- gress it should be understood that these government representatives come to- gether in this country to study the problems of crime. and of criminal law, and of the treatment of the crim- inal. Thirty-seven years ago in Lon held its first meeting Americans may be proud of the fact that this meeting to study both the criminal and the crime organized by an American, MT. B. C. Wines. at the time secretary of the Prison Association of New York. This was a time when the reforna- the air. The act providing for the es- tablishment of Elmira Reformatory (the first to. be established in the Uni ted states) had been passed in 1868 by the New York Legislature.
 In 1870, at the first meeting of a group cf progressive students of crime and crime problems in Cincinnati, the National Prison association was form plan for calling an International Pri- son Congress was developed. So that two years later. it was the United ing of this Congress, which has however, never met as yet in the United States.
 Every five years. in the years divi- sible by five. Q900, 1905, for example) eminent scholars. prison administra tors judges, jurists have gathered for this purpose. In 1895, the Congress was held in Budapest. At that meet can criIninologist of international re- putation was chosen president of the Congress of 1910
 Dr. Barrows died last April, in the midst of his many activities and his successor is Prof. Charles R. Tender son, Professor of Sociology at the Uni- for the coming Congress are novel and extensive. Many of the hundred or more delegates from Europe and other foreign governments have never before crossed the ocean. They will gather in New York in the middle of September and learn what New York City is do- ing to treat crime and to reduce crinn- inality. Then as the guests of the United States government they will take the special tour mentioned at the beginning of this article. The follow ing institutions will be visited: Elnnira Reformatory, George Junior Republic; Auburn N. Y. State Prison, Mans field Ohio State Penitentiary; Michf- gan City State Penitentiary Indiana; several correctional institutions in Chicago; Jeffersonville State Reforma- tory Indiana; and a number of oth- CT institutions. A special train will convey the hundred delegates and fif- Orr one 61IT7 American criT1air n gists~and socioIogists on this trip.
 On arriving at Washington the dele gates will attend the annual meeting of the American Prison Association from September 18th to October End. From October 2nd to October Sth the Prison Congress will be will open the Congress, and it is ex- pected that more than one thousand persons will attend the meetings.
 The United States has contributed problems, though in foreign countries far more study has been put upon the very problems which in the United States have led to quick, decisive ac- tfon A century ago-tO cite one il- lustra tion-the Eastern Penitentiary at Phila de1phia was built. This peni- tentiary provided for constant sepa- rate confinement of each prisoner from the time he entered until he left the prison; though his sentence was for years he saw no one, except now and then a prison official or a prison wis itor He was led into the prison cell with a mask and a hood over his face. He worked in a cell. ate in his cell and the only exercise he obtained was in a little yard built outside corre- spending in width to his cell, the walls of the yard being so high that he could not see on the other side A few years later in Auburn, N. Y. the Auburn State Prison was built which provided for separation q the convicts during the night and their work in common during the day in the shops.