Omaha daily bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 187?-1922, 1910-08-28
DECISIVE ACTION
Is GERMAN TRAIT
Effective Organization is the Key
note of Germany's Great
Power.
IF AN IDEA is GOOD IT Is ADOPTED
Back to the Land" Movement Gain.
ing Ground.
SETS EXAMPLE FOR AMERICA
Practical Plan for Giving Aid to the
Farmer.
LOANS ARE EASILY OBTAINED
German AviatOrs File Protest
Against the Stringent ReRuIa-
LOANS ARE EASILY OBTAINED
German AviRtOrs File Proten,
Against the Stringent ReEuIa-
tiOns which Apply 20
Acceptance.
BY MALCOLM CLARKE.

BY MALCOLM CLARKE.
BERLIN, Aug. H.-(Special to The Bee)
Close. effective organization is the Aecret
OF Germany's success, not alone of the war
fare of arms. but In the struggle for COM
nercial supremacy and the upbuilding Of
industries
When it has been decided that a thing
Is good for Germany 1t is put into effect
with as little circumlocution as possible
In no economic line is this German organi-
zation did along practical lines and as
more thoroughly exemplified than in the
means for the financing of the farmer
and agricultural landowner. A matter, by
the way. which is seriously occupying the
minds Of the government in Europe The
German system might also furnish some
good ideas to America in advancing the
back to the farm idea.
Loans on Real Estate.
The business of advancing money under
easy conditions to the owners of real es-
tate is carried on here by three classes Of
institutions. The most important Of these,
In point of view Of the scope Of their trans
actions, are the mortgage banks, whose
operations are chiefly confined to towns
They are private undertakings, but can
state, and are at all times subject to it's
strict supervision.
Next came the Landscaften, which are
voluntary associations Of landowners on a.
cooperative basis. They minister chiefly
to the financial exigencies of the large es-
| tate owners
Finally, there are the land banks based
on the guarantee OF the public revenues
which meet the needs OF the extensive class
OF small freeholders and peasant propri-
etors' that exists IN this country.
scope of the Loan. =
These institutions all have In common
the principle that the sums advanced by
them are raised by the issue to the public
OF letters Of mortgage Of various kinds,
which are bought and sold on the market
like ordinary stocks and shares AS the
Individual bonds are frequently for small
amounts. such as SIS, and as they are
either guaranteed by the entire body of
wealthy landowners belonging to the Land
scaft stand under the protection afforded
by the official control OF the mortgage
banks, or have as security the public rev.
enues which stand behind the land banks.
they are eagerly snapped up at a very low
rate of interest. In fact some OF the
Prussian lRndschaften could float their is
sues Of letters of mortgage bonds at 8 and
81 per cent long before the government
dared to dream OF issuing loans at these
figures
Apart from this fundamental principle
the Landsehaften, mortgage banks and
land banks differ widely not only from
one another but among themselves
Difference In Banks.
/ This is particularly the case with the
last named, which were originally all
founded in the smaller German states.
where the machinery Of credit had not been
developed Some OF them are in every
particular government banks carried on by
public officials and guaranteed by state
revenues. Others are merely under gov
ernmental control, not OF the states itself
but of the province. such as Hanover and
IWestphalia, or one of those affilia-
tions OF smaller administrative units.
Their powers vary considerably. In GER
tain cases their statutes permit them to
accept deposit and current accounts; in
others this Is forbidden to them. A few
are empowered TO finance comprehensive
schemes of land improvement. drainage,
canalization flood prevention and road
making either when these works are un-
dertaken by public bodies or private asso-
Citations or individuals Their principal
business remains. however the granting
OF loans to the lesser eategories OF land
owners.
r. AViatOrs Have Kick.
Strong indignation is expressed by Ger
man flying men at the police regulations
for aeroplanists issued In a special edition
OF the Berlin Gazette by the oberprasident
OF the mark OF Brandenburg.
flight round the spire says: These reEuIa-
lions are absurd. The police Of Germany
seem to be trying to do all they can 20
hinder the progress OF airmanshlp We
intend to send protest to the oberprasi-
dent, and II that fails the world may see
the first strike of airmen
! Take the regulations in turn II we
were to be fined pounds every time the
wind blows us across the limits OF an
earodrome we might we'll give up flying
With regard to the rare flights made over
towns no one would dream OF making
them unless he was an expert airman. the
weather conditions perfect, and the engine
working fautlessly. Besides, how can the
police catch us when we are sailing over
village at the height OF 1000 feet? II
would test even the conscience or a motor
trap policeman to Identify us. ! approve OF
the requirement for a pilot cert Lrate for
everyone giving, exhibition flights. but
aviation is not Vet advanced enough for
code OF rules TO be shaped for IT, Every
thing depends on the man. What is safe
for one is not safe for others"
German Social Successes.
German socialists have recently won
seven by-elections for the Rsichstag. Their
total parliamentary strength. which was
forty-three at the retirement Of Prince
Buelow, has now risen to fifty so that they
are the third strongest party. Their num-
beers are estimated At nearly 100000.