The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1910-01-25
RY ". A. GRAHAM.
,onnnissinner of Agriculture.

Tha cotton crop of North Caroilha
&c estimated to sell on an aVefas0
each wear for from thlr'E-h'o ~
forty million dollars. Ihls %
Of money is annually sent froni ~ h
State to purchase ncad by
could be more profitably produceu ~
4ha farmers than they can De poi:
chased. Much Of these suppllss' !
@ hav corn and other grams iioui,
meal. meat, lard. canned 'ese'"
and fruits, beans, peas, ETC. exc o.
bought by farmers. In amount 80. -
onlv norton of the money winch the
farmer receives for his cotton crop
that remains in the Sta.e is the prot
the merchant, who sells these Booos
to farmers and others. receives Oh
the business.
In consultation with the Commas
s;oners of Agriculture ana others DC
u1ainted with such matters, j iaEo
boon informed that it is propaoie
that in every Southern state eA,ep'
Texas the same condition prevails
This evil must be corrected or the
South will not make the material
progress that it should, ~ II Is
doubtful if Southern farming can
make any financial advanca with
such a wasteful practice. The Nortll
Carolina Agricultural Department de-
S1TeS 10 can the ! -
the to this matter and to
persuade them to change the conol-
ton of affairs by producing these ar
ticles for which there IS q home mar
ket. if not All actual home demand
A supply of corn for the mdlnten-
ance of the farm is acknowledged by
all persons of observation to be a ne
cessity to successful farming.
No part Of corn farming Is more
important than the selection Of the
seed. Last July q Bulletin was issued
by this department relating to the
work that should be done in July
and August, j. G.. When the corn Is
growing and before it natures. It
was intended to follow this bulletin,
in October, with one relating to Sc
lection of seed at gathering time, but
it was not found convenient to get the
Bulletin out at that time. However,,
many farmers, no doubt. gave some
attention to the matter. The selec-
tion of seed from the crib or bin and
the more careful examination Of that
already chosen can now have atten-
ton.
Figure ! gives a picture Of the
styles of ear that should be chosen.
An ear that carries the same number
of rows on ali parts of the cob. and
that has the rows Of grain running
straight and not broken, as shown
III IS e. Ii - IL ~ blClukS o& ulA
desirable types.
The grain should be sound: for the
best ear is the one that will give in
weight the largest proportion of
sound corn when it is shelled. After
you have selected the ear as J. type
which O desire, then take some
grains from different parts and split
them open to see that the grain is of
proper composition n condition.
ZIG. j gives a picture of the
ent parts OF a grain of corn.
A~ecfaanical Examination of a Kernel
or Grain of Corn.
1t consists OF 8 parts, as shown in
/. Tip cap. which lovers the tip
or base of the kernel and comprises
only about Is per cent Of the grain.
2 T1nbryo root.
3. Tip starch.
4, Germ. The germ occupies the
central part of the kernel toward the
tn end It comprises about II per
cent Of the kernel fmore in high-,il
corn and less in low-oil corn). The
germ contains from 35 to 40 per cent
OF corn oil or from so to S5 per cent
OF the total oil content of the corn
kernel.
.. Embryo stem or stalk.
3. Horny gluten. The horny gluten
Gus part (aleurone layer lies under
meath the hull surrounding the kernel.
1t comprises from s to IA per cent of
the grain (being more abundant in
high protein corn), and it contains
from 20 to 25 per CEN of protein. be-
lng the richest in protein of all the
parts OF the corn kernel.
Z. Horny starch. The horny starchy
part is the chief substance in the
sides and back of the kernel the
germ face being considered the front
Of the kernel). This substance com
prises about 45 per cent of ordinary
corn, but is much more abundance il
high protein orn and less abundan1
in low protein. Although rich il
starch, it contains about 10 per cen
of protein (more in the high rOteir
corn and less in the low protein corn)
1t contains q greater total amount O
WEIsrEeznes