River Falls journal. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1872-2019, 1910-02-03


. learning and recall be most adj
yantageously filled then the arrangement " n1op,
program of studies can be worheo ou' W t 1 haSis
ica basis and not on the more vi 1883
which seems to be the present plan, 80 n,iod nov.
Among other problems In TINS helu u 1 pp ~
choIogy which the department mas unuo 60 - - "a
to carry out IN inc AeoA A
the following: ,+oaoors condi.
l. What are of the most advantageous ''nO''
tions of learning to spell correcuy - 49,. -
2 In learning is it better to give all Vi INC ' "
sdv Of the subject to be learned or is IL pet
fer to devote portion of the time In the attenpt ~
recall material that has already been mastered!
g. Is it better, in learning, to attempt 10 "enoi1e
the material bv commencing at the beginning ana r"n
ming through to the end consecut1vey ana Dy repeating
This process until the whole has been mastered or is
RI learn mart and another part and SO on!
A. What methed of presentation is more adVanta-
geous in learning? BY this is meant speclhcay IS
better to present child material to learn oray or
suallv and is it better to present the material stimuli
taneously or successively-that u.s. should the whole
thing that he is learn be given at once or is ne 10
study one part and then the next and so on?
In considering the first of these problems it may be
said that Illinois clearly point to the fact that
the method of teaching children to spell by giving the
word as and not breaking it up into syllaDies
is not the PSYCHOLOGICAL method that the old method
syabcaton with some of its obvious 1auits nad us,
tinct advantages of the extreme methods Oh
to-day.
Apropos the second problem it is clearly established
by experiments at Illinois there is great advantage
spending the entire period of learning on study
ing presented but that it is of very great
recall what has been shown. Train the pupil to look
at that he is trying to memor1ze for period
and then to turn his away and in his minds eye
recall the printed matter.
1t is generally held by investigators that the best
method of memorzng is to learn the material by COM
mencng the beginning and running through the whole
process the end. The Illinois experiments brought
out fact that in such consecutive learning there
certain parts mastered quickly than 9th
that it is advantageous to first go over the whole
material consecutivey until the more easily acquired
material mastered and then to spend some time in
learning those parts that difficult and to finally
reearn the whole consecutvely.
Now, in attempting to answer the fourth question,
experiments have carried at Illinois which show
rather clearly the most advantageous to
sent material to little children is usually and in
sion for this in part at least, is because
successive presentation better attention THAI
simultaneous presentation and that the word when
especially if it is difficult be better comprehended
than if it is merely heard.
The foregoing account gives a statement of
the most typical and important experimental
lions now in progress in the psychological laboratory
the University of Illinois, AS has already been said the
main emphasis is beirg placed the psychology of
learning specif- lilly technique and economy in
our processes of acquisition. At the time ample
scope is given the theoretical aspects of the
ject so the field in a general way may be covered
and that who wish obtain higher degrees the
subject find ample opportunity for research in the
direction which interests them most