The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1910-05-31

NAANN MuNN NNF0 UAMMM u Nt-MAA " - AAHNAR
nient which show mat IN ne oourss Of ams ~
saving In poor law expenditure uin Be nearly
equal 10 TIE sum granted out Of ne imperial ea
rhoquef for ed AEe pensions
The act Of last year providing fcr III
establishment u labor exchanges relates
specifically 10 the trades most exposed n
fluctuations. These arc house building
and construction work. engineering. ma
chine and tool making. ship and boat
building. vehicle making. sawyers and
general labOrers working at these trades,
Tho members ~ these trades number
altogether 10000 adult males. roughly
about one-third Il the total population
q tho three kingdoms engaged In purely
industrial work-including In industrial
WoFk commercial. professional and do
nestle service.
For the trades just mentioned a system
Of unemployment. lnvalidity and widow
hood insurance Is contemplated In the
budget. The insurance benefits are on a
somewhat lower scale and are given for
shorter periods than those which the
stronger trade unions paw. They com
prise a substantial weekly payment for a
period which will cover by far the greater
portion Of the average period Of unem-
ployment for all unemployed persons
In this great group. Oi insured trades.
The funds needed for tho purpose are
10 be provided partly by the Workmon
themselves, partly by their employers and
~ - - ~. "a n.N.A
You vii recognise the rrsa, advantsgs TO the
community o. . system Of uoniTibutory insur-
Ancs which yin enable ne homes % our WorEinE
classes 10 BE- kept together In periods of gade
depression and NJ health and Which will alao
assist tne mothers Of families 70 main tain thsir
ehlldrua In TIE event Of the doath Of ire broad
diiina Of semi starvation 10 which they are nov
frequently exposed.
Finally. the pnnr,sis Of the legAl regulation
Of wages has been established through the enact.
ment Of NE British trade boards act Of ig1.
commOaly Known % the minimum wages aet.
This Is mandatory only a. 10 four o. me more
disorganlned trades The -sWeated- Industries
Of tailoring. cardboard boK making. lace and eur.
tain finishing and blouse making. hut may be
eH,onded a. NE discretion Of NE beard % Trade
10 other industries IN which the rate Of wAges "a
-eIocptionAlly low
II England is TO maintain the position
Il has hitherto held In the manufactur-
ing. commercial and banking worlds Il 10
regarded a. Of tho utmost Importance
that education should he AZ highly devel-
oped and as thorough there a. In neigh
boring States. The Poor Law Commits
sion unanimously recommended tho ex-
tensiOn % the school aga for children,
and both the Conservative and Liberal
parties are In unison In desiring 20 carry
this recommendation into eject II was
found. however. that az the age Of ~ or 10
the children In the elementary schools
leave school and obtain work which brings
the family an income % five. six Or seven
shillings a week To a family with a
total income Of no more than a pound
week. the assistance afforded by an extra
fl9 a year after a child reaches the age
II u h very great, and the passage % a
law requiring children 10 remain at school
two years longer would infict upon the
poor . severe annual loss Thus the task
d hinging popular education up 20 the
required standard IL FOR the moment
blocked. With the Introduction 81 out
Of work. invai ity ana widowhOnd as
slranoe. the chief obstacle 60 the i'm
proved education II the masses will ne
To meet the COS; II the Government
social reform programme and 0f the in
oneases in the navy watch was necessi-
lated by the naval expansion u other
Powers the Chancellor q the Exchequer
found himself Obliged TO aise by addi-
tional taxation Fi420OOO9 through the
budget for lOO9-iO. Mr. Paish in explain
ina how this problem was attacked gives
an interesting analysis o. the budget.
whieh must he passed by here. The
Chancellor seems % have made no radical
departure from the accepted British fiscal
practice. except 70 introduce a tar on the
increment in land values. Concerning
his Alr Paish says: Il IL proposed 70
place a duty u 20 PER cent upon the in
crease In the value II land. = duty Of one
half penny in the pound tabout one-ffth
NJ per cent? on the capital value oG un-
developed land and a reyersiOn duty n
10 per cent on benefits accruinE from
termination ~ leases. The sum expected
10 h. realized from these duties in the
current year was placed AZ only esOO. OOO.
BAT this sum Is expected % expand from
year 10 year. The Increment duty u %
per cent. Is a matter u the future only.
Land u 70 he valued az the present time.
and a 20 per cent. duty IL to be placed upon
he future increment In the value. dating
from the time az which the val uation Is
made
How much his hH ufl Yield IN the FUTURE IL
j. difnCult 10 estimate. bot having regard % The
'n0rmous advance IN the value Of urban lAnd
m the past and the probable further Frcat IN. |
-reasc IN the future. the taK should ultimately
BE- . productive one. We have In our coantry a |
Of s.oOnun. which IL growing al me |
-aie % about per cent or ts00D. a year Our
2eaith il doubling about every thirty thr~e
ears and the value Of land sesms 70 rise lust |
shout IN proportion 70 the growth Of wealth. |
hat r. 10 say. - Wc grou richer We can aTord
10 pay a higher price Tor our land and We have 20
pay t. Hitherto the uneArned Increment from
and has entirely esoaped Axaaoa.
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PAY % LlbraFy Emplsyssa