Albuquerque morning journal. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1903-1926, 1910-01-17
Lfve Mens From Mew Mextco and Arizona
What's Doing MOver the Great Southeast

required of the marker in stands mace
uD almost entirely of mature n over
mature timber. Ordinarily, The leaN-
ing Of enough trees to insure favor
able conditions for reproduction VIII
result in q great loss o decay ana
windfall. This loss can be minimizeu
by leaving the trees in groups, and by
selecting the smaller and more thrifty
trees for this purpose. To shorten
the period between cuttings, the first
Logging should be made within two
or three years after a crop of seed
lings has sprung up beneath the old
trees, and an effort should be made
to return for the second cut in about
twenty years in order to save the ma
ture timber.
"On sparsely timbered areas, where
to leave q sufficient stand to insure
the necessary protection and seed sup
PLY would render the cost of logging
disproportionately excessive, cutting
should be deferred from fifteen 10
twenty years under good protection
from fire and sheep, with the hope of
securing reproduction before all the
timber is cut. The natural reforesta-
ton of completely denuded areas can
not be depended upon even under rel
ativoly favorable conditions: 1t is
therefore likely that such areas event
ually viii have to be planted.
Since brush favors reproduction by
conserving soil moisture and protect
ing against frost. it should be scatter
ed around the felled trees after log
ging. The most practical method is
to cut branches as large as car be
conveniently handled by one man,
and have them carried only far
enough from the main stem to make
xl@-. I'm III 4hn 1.-Two ,frl,ec4 ffa a cfts egls
layer. ordinarily, brush scattered in
this ann will lie within 2 feet of
the surface of the ground; and fur
Their looping to bring the branches
nearer the ground has proved too ex-
pensiVe. In typical stands only from
one~half to tWo-thirds of the area will
be b-rush-coVcred, but this Is not less
expensive but is considered better
than to have brush scattered Uniform
" over the whole area, because it
helps to prevent the wide spread OF
fire. In order to facilitate the con-
troll of fires. a fire line on which all
brush has been piled and burned,
from zoo to 400 feet wide, and vary
ing with the topography, should ex-
tend around each section. Where the
danger from FIRE is great, additional
lines may be necessary.
sheep should be excluded from
areas on which it is desired to secure
reproduction. until seedlings have
become firmly established and out of
danger from browsing. In order to
secure advance growth, it may also
prove advisable to exclude sheep for
about five years before the cutting
takes place from areas which are to
cut. Generally the period of ~
clusion should be about twenty years,
that is, after sheep have been x
from a certain area twenty
year ii will be safe to again throw the
range 0pcdl, as far as grazing is con-
tho forset will be handled up
Oh a twenty ear rotation. Since the
exclusion of sheep will practically be
to cuttings, and only to those
cuttings upon which the reproduction
Is already efficient, no violent disturb
ance of the sheep industry will re-
suit. Moreover, since cattle and hors-
Is need not be excluded, the removal
Of sheep may result simply in a
change in the kind of stock grazed
not In IN impairment of the use
IF h range for grazing purposes.
Summary.
The result of the Investigations up
IN which this circular is based may
DC summarized as follows; Climatic
conditions in the southwest do not
reproduction, since most Of the
seedlings die during the first year
rom drought and frost, but proper
and brush disposal, and the
control OF grazing and fire, will insure
rood reproduction. Probably the most
important of these factors is cutting:
cutting retards reproduction.
Tot SO much by reducing the seed
as by introducing unfavorable
physical conditions. light cutting
reproduction because it af-
'ords favorable light conditions and
,nly slightly disturbs normal forest
conditions. The forest protects seed
ings against evaporation and frosts.
Scattering brush after logging similar
y aids natural reproduction by reduc-
ng evaporation and mederating the
of frost.
sheep severely injure seedlings by
'roWsing and to a less extent by
ramping, and they should therefore
le excluded from areas on which re-
PRODUCTION is desired. Horses and
attic do hut little damage, and their
xcbasion is unnecessary.
THE prevention of fire IS absolute
y necessary to secure satisfactory nat
raj reproduction.
THE ideal management for western
elbow pine in the southwest l. by
neans Of the sheiterwood system.
rhere relatively light preliminary cut
lngs VIII stimulate reproduction and
an be followed by removal of the rest
the stand As soon as the second
rowth has established itself,
: