Perth Amboy evening news., 1910-12-06

such q provision may be needed to
save TO the people of the United States
the benefits of the competition in trade
between the eastern and western sea
boards which this canal was construct
ed to secure.
Department of Justice.
I am glad to say that under the APP
preparations made for the department
Of Justice the attorney general has so
Improved its organization that a vast
amount of litigation of a civil and
criminal character has been disposed
Of during the current year. This will
explain the necessity for slightly In
creasing the estimates for the ex-
penses of the department. His report
shows the ~recoveries made on behalf
of the government. of duties frandu-
lently withheld, public lands fmprop-
erly patented, fines and penalties for
trespass, prosecutions and convictions
under the antitrust law and prosecu-
tons under interstate commerce law.
I invite especial attention to the
prosecutions under the{ federal law OF
the so called bucket shops" and of
those schemes to ydefraud in which the
use of the mall is an essential part
Of the fraudulent conspiracy, prosecu-
lions which have saved ignorant and
weak members of the public and are
saving them millions of dollars.
The violations OF the antitrust Law
present perhaps the most important
litigation before the department. and
the number of cases filed shows the
activity Of the government in enforc-
ing that statute.
judicial Procedure.
One great crying need in the United
States is cheapening the cost Of litiga-
ton by simplifying judicial procedure
and expediting final Judgment Under
present conditions the poor man Is at
a woeful disadvantage In a legal con-
test with a corporation or a rich OPP
ponent. The necessity for the reform
exists both In United States courts
and In all state courts. In order to
bring 1t about, however, 1t naturally
falls to the general government by its
example to furnish a model to all
states. A legislative commission ap-
pointed By joint resolution OF congress
to revise the procedure in the United
States courts has as yet made nc re-
port.
I am strongly convinced that the
best method Of improving judicial pro-
cedure at law is to empower the su-
preme court to do it through the me-
dunn Of the rules of the court, as in
equity. This Is the way In which 1t
has been done in England.
Relief of Supreme Court From Un-
necessary Appeals.
No mar ought to have as a matter Of
right a review of his case by the SUI
court. He should be satisfied
by one hearing before a court Of first
instance and one review by a court of
appeals. The proper and chief useful
ness of the supreme court. and espe-
cially the supreme court of the United
States, is In the cases which come be-
fore 1t so to expound the law and espe-
cially the fundamental laW-the con
stitution-as to furnish presidents for
the inferior courts in future litigation
and for the executive officers in the
construction of statutes and the per
Torrance OF their legal duties. There
fore any provisions for review of cases
by the supreme court that asst upon
that court the duty of passing on ques-
tons of evidence and the construction
of particular forms Of instruments, like
indictments or wills or contracts. de-
cisions not of general application OF
Importance, merely clog and burden
the court and render more difficult its
higher function, which makes 1t SO I'M
portant a part of the framework OF
u government. The supreme court is
now carrying an unnecessary burden
of appeals Of this kind. and | earnestly
urge that 1t be removed.
judicial Salaries.
I further recommend to congress the
passage of the bill now pending for
the increase in the salaries of the fed.
eral judges, by which the chief justice
of the supreme court shall receive SIT,
800 and the associate justices ST. 900
the circuit judges constituting the cir
cult court of appeals shall receive $40,
600 and the district judges $4,000. Thu
positions they occupy ought to be filled
by men who have shown the creates
ability in their professional work a
the bar, and 1t Is the poorest economy
possible for the government to pay
salaries so low for Judicial service a.
not to be able to command the bes
talent of the legal profession In ever.
part OF the country.
Wipins Out of Postal Deficit.
For many years there has been
deficit In the operations of the post
office department which has been me
by appropriation from the treasury
The appropriation estimated Tor las
year from the treasury over and abov
the receipts of the department wa
81, 100000. ! am glad TO record tn
fact that OF that $17,500.o00 estimates
for Sf1,5oo,000 were saved and return
ed to the treasury. 1t is gratifyin
to report that the reduction In th
deficit has been accomplished withou
any curtailment of postal facilities.
Upon the recommendation Of tn
postmaster general / have included |
the classified service all assistant pos
masters, and l believe that this giyin
a secure Tenure to those who are th
most important subordinates Of pos
masters viii add much to the efficienc
OF their offices and an economical az