Twice-a-week plain dealer. (Cresco, Howard County, Iowa) 1895-1913, 1910-02-08

FIG xIv-aoop TYPE OF sHoRTHoRN.
good one will be found. but there is
little certainty of her heifer calves
being like her. They tend to go either
10 the beef or dairy type. A whole
herd of first class dual purpose cows
is hard to obtain and to keep when
it has been obtained.
Selecting the Cows.
If dairying is to be made prominent
feature of the farming operations it
will pay to go into one of the special
lied dairy breeds. These special pur-
pose dairy cows are machines for turn
ing out milk. and the best ones do it
effectively and breed true to type.
There is little choice between breeds.
The Jerseys give very rich milk, but
are small in size and cannot stand I'M
favorable conditions well. Holsteins
are harder. larger and can use more
rough feed to advantage. Their calves
can be turned into quick and profitable
veal, and their large milk flow means
more sliimmilk for calves and pigs.
| Where milk is being sold the small per-
| centage of fat is disadvantage.
Guernseys are harder than Jerseys.
They give little more milk with lit
tie lower percentage of fat. The milk
is valuable for city trade because of
high percentage of solids other than
/ fat.
Far more important than breed is in
Isdividuality. There are three things to
be taken into consideration in select
ing dairy cow-type, performance
aud pedigree. The dairy type is gen.
orally recognized as being wedge shap-
ed. wide and deep behind and mar
rover in front. The three most impor-
| tant points to look for are quality, con-
stitution and capacity. The skin should
4 be pliable and the horns and hair fine.
4 A coarse animal is seldom satisfac-
tory milk and butter producer. There
should be no tendency to lay on fat A
dairy COW is worked to the limit dur
s. ing most of her life and must have a
strong constitution to keep up under
the strain. This is indicated by a
roomy chest and large nostrils.
The capacity of the COW is of two
kinds. digestive and milk producing
She must have good digestive capac
ity. as shown by long, deep, roomJ
barrel. in order to be able to handle
the amount of feed necessary to fur
uish material for large milk yield
Milk producing capacity is indicated
by large. we'll balanced udder, ex
tending well forward and well up be
tween the legs behind. The vein
which run forward from the udde
should be large and twisted, as thi
!. is an indication of large milk flow
:, Some cows have digestive capacit,
: too large for their milk producing ca
i pacity. while some are the other way
;, The most economical producer of mil
is obtained when these two are ba
anced. The teats should be long an
we'll placed for convenience in mill
ing.
i By far the most important point i
; selecting COW is her performanc
record. This shows just how muc
milk and butter she can produce in
given time. Directions for testin
cows will be given later.
The pedigree Of dairy COW is va
liable mainly for the performance re-
4 ords of her ancestors. The record {
her grandmother on her sire's side
especially important. as good co
is more liable to transmit her qualitit
through her sons than through b,
daughters.
1 Another point that should not be ne
lected. especially if milk or cream
being sold. is buying cows subject
the tuberculin test. 1t is definite
known that tuberculosis can be tran
mitted from cows to man through tt
milk. 1t will pay to keep only GOV
l that are known to be free from di
ease In the hands of an experience
veterinarian the tuberculin test can
/ relied on to give satisfactory results.
Selecting the Bull.
The selection Of bull to head Il