davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Albuquerque morning journal. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1903-1926, 1910-05-15
BLAMES PILOT FOR
RIVER DISASTER


tBs Morning journal sprrinl Leased N"ri
-. Louis May - C1ptnn HarA
N crane. who WIS in charge of ti"
Steamer Sitillo when it sank at Glen
Park Wednesday niaht and caused
the loss of twelve lives admitted to-
dsv that pilot l.d pcll technically Woe
lated the rules 1l river navigation h}
not stopping the boat when % ran int"
ID smoke cloud from "a lime Kiln. t Few
seconds before tine disaster.
Pilot Pcn las taken boats safely
through the smoke cloud manN
times said Captain crane. ''Ihe pilot
took 40 rhauce. OF course, as he
thought There was no danger.
'lt is pilots duty To stop vcs-
sci when Dee cannot sec" said Pcii.
As it takes hut "a minute to pass
through the Glen Park smoke. did
not think This situation called for the
stopping of tho boat
Albuquerque morning journal. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1903-1926, 1910-05-15

El pasa. Texas. May 14.-tnited
states Vice consul John w. Gourles
M Iuarez. Mex~ is diving OF smallpox
which he contracted from his brother.
"a customs Inspector. who contracted
ID from q smugeler
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1910-07-08
Nnthid6reys
Il ettcrs


Dear Miss Grey O. when
boy takes sou home from party
or show. what should you say 90
him. ca what day did June 2.
1851. fan uponT ca l bite my fin
ser nails What should I % Go
stop ~ 90 Please tell ms how 20
cure biackbgada FLUFFY ~
An DO you mean what should
you talk about or shat should you
say upon sepafatingg Talk about
fAvoritc books places yeu have
been. his work events ~ the town
anything that ~ pleasant and uatuT-
al Don't bs affected or sfilted II
he has taken you 20 an entertain
nsent. tell him you have had a
pleasant evening II be has escorted
you home from party. thank him
I for the courtesy But above all
things. be simple and natural Mere
~ say Thank you for stalking home
with me- Don't attempt any Book
on Etiquette speeches.
ca Thursday.
(sl Put auinlus on the tips u your
fingers II y0u cannot stop tho habit
by win power. II h . nervous habit.
and can be overcome b. deteFmina-
ton.
90 Blaekheass are due 20 slug
gfsh circulation and insufficient
cleansing 81 the skin ~ tho face.
Exercise viii improve circulation
and enahis fhe blood g. carry off
waste matter. which clogs the pores
showing as biackheads. Wash the
face In as hot water AZ you can
bear. using white SOAP. Rinse thor
oughly. Alcohol rubbed on the skin
] win reduce enlarged pores.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1910-07-08
broader Culture
BY FRANCES elLsReArH lNesRsoLL,

ARE unhappy YOU missing
higher opportunities broader
your environment ana daily round
wear mouotonousf
Don't
hsh eternity Money your
the daughter lay whisper story
you
~ooeies and culture WIN not count for boy win the
hts shame
Of faith Ia his rcdeemng
Commercial not
Christian living
and Of which 80 down 90 disaster
ofen"mohering and mathematics"
Ia the eternal yeri" the
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1910-07-08
ABOUT OTHER
WOMEN

Mime. Anna HoEagad. frat woman
member % the sioFthing. loser house
10 tho Norwegian parliament. was
teacher IN tue public schools IN
chfi#tinnia when elected. when
asked for her reasons for believing
that women should vote and serve
In legislative assemblies. she said
There are two reasons Nany
women are required 20 pay taxes.
and tExaflon without representation
IL not riEht. Women should have a
voice In the direction of the schools
and all other Institutions that have
10 do with children. I am a mother.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1910-07-08

the story how women we're tricked
out OF the tight of suffrage they
held IN territorial days hy falthless
politicians and marked ballots A
facsimile Of the fraudulent ballot
used IN 1853 has been obtained and
Is herewith reproduced
Notice the Inc through the words
For Woman Suffrage. witch made
the ignorant and the careless voter
vote against woman suffrage The
words. Against the Constitution
also had the line drawn through to
make assurance douhly sure ~ a
vote for the constitution and
against woman suffrage. thus catch.
ing him coming and going
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1910-07-08

2 tablespoons each of butt.y -,
any shortening and abom ~
81 milk W make a soft dou0b n wv
out lightly, arid spread Win noii
Of aprioote for any dried go. up
which have been cleaned ~
stewod. Roll up aud place h t aaa
Ing tin. with half cuu "a "a. sa1
drained from the fruit ana i,ss ,
with this during che cooking ss 90
hot with sweet liquid sauce 's
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1910-07-08

Remove bonea and fat from 2
pounds mutton. cut meat into small
pieces and put IN stewpan with
quarts cold water and tablespoon.
fuia pearl barley. tAblespoopfuiE
each minced onion. iurnip, carrot
and celery. tablespoonfuls salt
and teAspoonful pepper. Tie
bones IN thin white cloth and add.
Bring 80 boil. skim. then simmer
3 hours Thicken With flour and
add parsley.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1910-07-08

To stop a leak 90 q gas or wass,
pipe beat a little Whitening 10 lnso
same quantity Of yellow SOAP run
well into the leak
Bath mats made from old be6.
spreads are fine for the bsfbr,o,r
Bind with vide cotton tape.
II the hands are rubbed On eele,v
after peellng onions the Odof IN
be entirely removed.
Spirits ~ eamphor wiil femoya
inkstaine from fingers and mails
aud does not lniufe.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1910-07-08

a Choice.
II you must 81 and Sigh
And have THE blues.
Why don't you try
To realize
That there are HishH and #lshs.
And blues aud blues.
From which TO chooKrT
There are heavenly binea. and blues
Of tranquil seas
Both pleAsaut-~lf you have then,
pray have these
And when you Sigh. be like the tur
ticfove.
Who knows not grief. and merely
aighN for love
-Hiakeney Grey
Ia WomanH National Daily.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1910-07-08

Beat 2 eggs tili very light. then
add cup If sour milk. In which
4 fcaapoonfui Of soda has been
dissolved when well mixed add
Tablespoonful of sugar. y tea.
spoonful Of salt and IA cupfuis
slfted flour Have the gem pans
hot and wcii CREASED. iili half fun
and bake 20 minutes.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1910-07-08


Break macaroni In small pieces
tiii you have a scant cupfni, wash
and put into boiling. well SNltcd
water IN the double boilCr. cook
until tender. then butter pudding
dish and spread a layer ~ mRca'
roni In the bottom Of the dish, dust
little with pepper. then add n
layer Of canned tomatoes with bits
Of butter. pepper ana salt Alter
nate with layers Of tomato and
maoAroni until the dish Is nearly
fnil Have ready Q or 6 common
crackers well pounded or put
through fine meat chopper. MiH
we'll with melted butter. spread
over th. top and brown in oven for
10 or 20 minutes.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1910-07-08

MisH Catherine NJ Cook. state
superintendent os public instruction
for Colorado and Mrs Sarah PiAtt
Decker took the leading parts in the
laying u the conventions II the first
building erected IN Colorado "a b.
devoted exclusively 20 the Develop
Furns n household Art aud wom~un
work. The bulltinE is the Kifi ~
senator GusEonhsim 10 tbs Colorado
Agricultural college.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1910-07-08

Keep the aaH range black with q
sponge used solely Tor ths, purpose
psrss~n In warm water. rub with
noap and wash the stove while u
- warm.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1910-07-08

Queen Mary of England 10 am ex-
pert drcwanaker ard lacemaker. and
has taught her daughter the way ~
making gowns Queen MARY IL aiso
wonderfully clever In this art %
cookery.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1910-07-08

Take a round steak and spread
u an inch thick with chopped bread
aud butter. season with pepper aud
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1910-07-08

Brown beef Ia butter. stir ia !
Tablespoon flour for each cup milk,
add milk, stir tiil thickened.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1910-07-08


~ esY...sauss y ssa es-ssss
JOHN l., WILSON
w. csssnsgr
ElisHA ' FEERv
~ tsSuaeHaai giesgrues
CHAELFS 4 LAuGHroN.
20 Sses<,sfy q Ssir
kLifS WIZ
fcs STATS Tlssserss
knuisoS A LtNpSLEY
~ siale Aeasss
YiuaiAsM REID
~ Aueuses Csrsrli
WILLIAM c foNrs
~ sop<ssa,s.sl.fs q p,.lis iaslrsssieat
EoHtRT h hsfkS
Fos Ccnaasss.esss 81 lsiaAs i.if.ia.
wtttitN r fukkksr
Eas tu.afcs Il re Sapgsuir Eopn
kALFH o DUMAS.
TuE0oORE l. STILES.
John p HoyT
Taouksl kNpEss.
EtsoS SCOTT
rlRsT-Fsr ~ ccnsstn,iaa
Asa.a4as l--..sas-z-saaass4u.-
SECOND - gufras S~ssarv.
AEaius we~4a ssesAgs
rHIsn- Pc rrehibgles.
kesiasa Ffeh.hifzs
rovsTH-Fss ~ rsrnas<ss tssatsss a
~ S<ss Of CesSrssfut
klns cesnb Rspuesieaa rlsist
Yer Iuss. = y, suessies essss.
JULIUS A sTeATTcS
Pc Ssasy cisrt.
MN AoiaES
Legislative Tlesst
Per s,sH se-siers ,sfh s<nasarisl piafies.
" n WOOD.
IN JONES.
o o CuiLFoif-
Ia KlNNrAR.
W v klNEAART,
- Representatives Eins CaaefY.
T 1f-AC NBNRSs
" C RUTTEz.
~ " HUGHES.
ALEXANDER ALlES
" J. sHfSS
CSC BOTHeLL.
p Bird.
sREp ] CEASr.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1910-07-08

ard was a school teacher for many
years believe that those facts
quality mo soF the dutis. Of my Of
flee
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1910-07-08
T4R{2@ly0NII

salt. sage and little onion n
liked Roll steak up. tie with
twine. lay IN a baking pan. with
thin slices Of salt pork on top.
pour round Il pint Of water, cover
closely and bake IN moderate oven
3 hours
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1910-07-08

sift / pint Of flour with tea
spoons Of baking powder, itile
salt and 1 tablespoon sugar Nix
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1910-07-08
HERE'S BALLOT THAT
BEAT SUFFRAGISTS

Last saturday mrs smith tod
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1910-07-08

Mag cesab HepuAslesa rlskst
Yer tu4ss - ~ sapsrior cseFs.
JULIUS A STRATTCs
Pc Sssaty cisrt.
N ~ HOLMES
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1910-07-08

= ttttt 49,
. DAILY MENU. =
! Breakfast.
h Fresh Fruits
/ Cereal with Cream =
/ Dreamed Dried Beef
Potato Cakes coffsH
l Luncheon.
! Mhcar0m with Tomatoes 4
! Muffina Jelly a
! Yfint Tea 4
!. Dinner 4
Scotch Broth
Stuffed BeefHtehk
\ Drowned Potatoes
Summer Squash .
Banana Salad =
! Ripe Currant Pie Coffee =
4 q a A A q A A q q 4 4 4 4
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1910-07-08
Banana Salad.

Banana Salad.
Peel bananas and cut IN hair
lengthwiae. Place 2 halves on IN,
diyldnai salad plates on lettuce
leaves. Put teaapoonful Of salad
dressing on each. and sprinkle over
them ground peanuts.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1910-07-08
Rlps currant pie.

WTVN NWFF HFIN FT"F
One cup ripe ourrania, or enough
10 fill deep plate, eRg, j cups
Of sugar Beat together and bake
With 2 cruatB
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1910-07-08
WORTH KNOWING.

ttttttttttt.+.
The Wenatchee daily world. [volume] (Wenatchee, Wash.) 1905-1971, 1910-06-16
NORTHWESTERN LEAGUE.

Results Yesterday.
Seattle 0, Spokane 0.
Vancouver /, Tacoma 0.
Games To-day.
Seattle at Spokane.
Tacoma at Vancouver.
The Wenatchee daily world. [volume] (Wenatchee, Wash.) 1905-1971, 1910-06-16

Studley located in Tacoma, Washing
ton, which place they expected to
make their permanent home. but the
the death of Mr.. Studley last Octo-
Der necessitated a change and Mrs.
Studley came to Wenatchee to spend
her remaining days with her son and
only child, DR.. Louis D. Studley.
Besides her son, she leaves to mourn
her loss her aged mother, Mrs. P. A.
Damn, Of Kalispell, Montana; her
sisters, Miss Adele Damn, who was
at her bedside at death and Mrs. F.
L. Holbrook, of Huron, South OAK
ota, and two brothers, DR.. E. F.
Damn, of Clark, South Dakota, and
Geo. G.. Damn, of GAINESVILLE, Wiscon-
sin. Mrs. Studley was a woman OF
much executive ability, lovely
Christian character, and none knew
her but to love her.
Her death leaves much sad
dened home, one twice bereft in
nine short months.
The Wenatchee daily world. [volume] (Wenatchee, Wash.) 1905-1971, 1910-06-16

''It is a sight that gals the dis
patcher Or telegrapher to see
half-baked kid or inexperienced wo-
man hOoting over telephone at a
railway station, crudely trying to
handle train orders and having only
navy ideas of Standard rules and the
dangerous business of running
trains. They take long chances and
put down what it sounds like in
hit-or-miss fashion and it is prob
lem whether the trains will get
safely through. In perfect condition
the phone is all right as an auxili-
airy to the telegraph for message
work, but by itself it is constant
peril that should be regulated by
law.
Not long ago the Tribune pub
lished a true story of the railroad
telephone system as used on the
Milwaukee between Tacoma and Gle
Elum. The weather was variable
and the phones were out of commits
sion more than half the time. Trains
were tied up all along the line. The
voice was at one moment whisper
and at the next road, wholly I'M
reliable and aggravating to the last
degree Suddenly there sounded
over the phone a peculiar tumble
of dots and jashes.' The dispatcher
listened intently and presently fig
ured it out. The operator at Ket-
chelus, a lonely mountain station,
was footing a message into the
phone with a high-power. cornet
which he kept on hand, presumably
for such emergencies.
THE railroads are discarding the
telegraph as much as possible be-
cause the telephone is 40 per cent
cheaper, though every official, every
telegrapher and every trainman OF
experience will testify that the tel
ephone system Is so per cent more
hazardous and unreliable.
ITO still further reduce the ex-
pense of operation, regardless OF the
safety of the public, the roads are
installing telephones in boxes out
side the way stations so that the
night operator may be dispensed
with and requiring the trainmen to
do their own reporting and to han
die their own orders. This Is also
dangerous business as every dis
patcher knows. Only the trained
telegrapher is competent to handle
train orders with safety and dis
patch.
"All who will take the trouble to
look into this question will find
these facts established and will sure
ly urge the legislature to prohibit
the use of the telephone in handling
trains"
The Wenatchee daily world. [volume] (Wenatchee, Wash.) 1905-1971, 1910-06-16
VIEW POINTS OF THE PRESS
Poindexter VS.. Wilson.

Poindexter VS.. Wilson.
The senatorial campaign in this
state has progressed far enough to
make it fairly plain. to the people
at large that the real fight is be-
tween Poindexter of Spokane and
Wilson of Seattle.
Burke seems to have strong finan-
cial backing and lot of personal
friends and corporation friends, but
he is a bad third in the race.
Humphries, Ashton, ct al. are not
taken seriously by the people. al
though they are all in the fight up
to their necks.
Senator Jones has endorsed Will
son. That is the strongest proof
that the owner of the Seattle Post
Intelligencer is favored by the ma
tional standpatters' organization. He
will be the real leader of the Wilson
forces in this part of the state.
All this shows that the regular
organization is solidly behind Will
son. Now it is certainly up to every
progressive voter in the state of
Washington to take an active inter-
est in this big fight, which already
has caused national interest. 1t in
dependent voters want an indepen-
dent senator, who represents them
and not the special interests, they
will line up enthusiastically and
steadily behind Spokane's candidate.
Wilson has the organization. Poin-
dexter must depend upon the indie
pendent, intelligent action of the vot-
ers at the primaries. Press
The Wenatchee daily world. [volume] (Wenatchee, Wash.) 1905-1971, 1910-06-16
Buying Seats in Congress.

Dalzell doth not stand pat for
naught. In the report of his ex-
penses in the primary contest for re-
nomination to congress-which re-
suited so disappointingly for him
the Pennsylvania representative
gives the names of several protected
manufacturers who contributed from
$500 to $4,000 each to his campaign
fund. They will doubtless say that
it was purely friendship for Dalzell
which induced them to give him the
money. But the cynical will feel
that it is a friendship based upon
past favors and the hope of favors
to come. When we thus see men
who have received their quo in the
shape of tariff duties paying back
their cash guild to the man who
secured them for their benefit, we
get a vivid light upon the political
curse of a tariff in politics.-N. Y.
Evening Post.
The Wenatchee daily world. [volume] (Wenatchee, Wash.) 1905-1971, 1910-06-16
PUBLICITY FOR
WENATCHEE
Chicago Magazine in Sep
TENDER to Publish Story
of Wenatchee.

Opportunity" is the name of a
magazine published monthly in Chi
cago. 1t is said to have 10000 cir
culation. 1t is devoted to giving in
formation about all developing dis
tricts of the United States. The il
Illustrations are profuse and well exc
cuted.
Some time ago the editor of this
publication requested o. NJ. Thoma-
son to furnish an article of about
1000 words descriptive of Wenatchee
in particular and north central
Washington in general. Half a dozen
cuts were also requested. Last night
Mr.. Thomson received a telegram
that the article has been accepted
and that it will appear in the Sep
TENDER issue, which is on the news
stands about August 20.
The Wenatchee daily world. [volume] (Wenatchee, Wash.) 1905-1971, 1910-06-16
PER|[S Of HAND
LING TRAINS
Veteran Dispatcher Ridi-
cules New Train Tele-
phone System.

To justify the expenditure of a
million dollars by the Great North
ern railroad in replacing the tele-
graph with the telephone, to be
used exclusively in handling trains
by the block system, Superintendent
of Telegraph Little gave the Seattle
Times an elaborate interview in
which he expatiates upon the mar
velous utility of the telephone and
it's manifold advantages over the
telegraph.
To one unacQuaInted with the
facts, Mr.. Titles essay states the
final word. putting the Morse teie-
graph completely out Of business.
To the trained dispatcher and ex-
pert telegrapher, however, who is
probably more experienced than is
Mr.. Little in the actual business of
dispatching trains, both by telegraph
and telephone, the claims made for
the new system are simply ridicu-
lous. A dispatcher of this class, who
has served On almost every one of
the leading railroad systems, and
who never had an accident of any
kind, read Mr.. Titles statement.
threw it down with a gesture of SUI
preme disdain and said:
"Bosh! Is it possible the public
Is so silly as to swallow such stuff
as that? The railroad officials know
better Svery telegrapher and tele-
phonist knows the claims that the
telephone is safer, quicker and more
reliable Is utterly absurd. The Mil
waukee dispatchers, who have had
fits over their telephone experience,
can deny Mr.. Little's claims in the
most positive terms. AS matter of
fact, the state legislature ought to
pass a stringent law prohibiting the
use of the telephone in running
trains. For that very important SER
vice, on which the lives of the trav-
cling public depends, the telephone
is extremely erratic, unreliable and
extra hazardous, except under the
most favorable weather conditions,
and even then the human voice is
peculiarly unreliable and fatal
error is liable to be made at any
time.
These are the facts: The rail-
roads are determined to reduce OPP
Grating expenses. and they begin
with this all-important branch of the
service. The telephone is forty per
cent cheaper, though fifty per cent
more dangerous. Women and boys,
of little or no railroad experience,
are hired at starvation wages to OPP
crate the telephone. for wages less
than half of what a competent dis
patcher receives. II the telegraph
operator stays on the job he must
accept the reduced pay, and the
power of this union is likewise
greatly reduced.
The Wenatchee daily world. [volume] (Wenatchee, Wash.) 1905-1971, 1910-06-16
DEATH Of AGED
WOMAN
Mrs. Emma Damn Studley
Passed Away Yesterday
at Home of Son.

Mrs. Emma Damn Studley died
yesterday at the home of her son,
DR.. Louis w. Studley, of Sunnyslope.
The funeral services will be held
at 1890 Tuesday morning from the
First Presbyterian church, DR.. w.
A. Stevenson officiating. Interment
will be made in the Wenatchee GEM
etery. Her husband, Henry H. Stud
ley, died last October.
Mrs. Emma Damn Studley was
born in Verona, Oneida county, N.
Y, March 20, 1849. Her girlhood
days were spent in Whitewater, Wis
consin, where she was married to
Henry H. Studley on December goth,
1870. They later removed to Iowa,
thence to North-Loup and Beatrice,
Nebraska. In 1908 Mr.. and Mrs.
The Wenatchee daily world. [volume] (Wenatchee, Wash.) 1905-1971, 1910-06-16
REPRESENTS PUBLIC SENTIMENT

The refusal of the board of direc-
tors of the Spokane Apple show to
raise the rating on Winesap apples
In accordance with the merits of
this variety was a severe disappoint-
ment to the Wenatchee valley. This
variety in competition with other
varieties produced in the northwest
brings the highest price in eastern
markets with perhaps the exception
of a few special varieties which are
not raised in marketable quantities.
The evident discrimination against
the Winesap which grows with such
perfection in the North Central
Washington district, is too apparent.
and this district would be foolish to
enter into competition for prizes at
the apple show with the score load
ed against it.
The trustees of the Commercial
Club in recommending that no ex-
hibit be made at Spokane this fall
are acting in harmony with public
sentiment among the growers in this
locality. If the national apple show
does not need Wenatchee, Wenatchee
does not need the apple show. The
superiority of the Wlnesap in east
ern markets and the growing de-
mand for it will firmly establish the
reputation of the district in the large
centers of population. Neverthe-
less, Wenatchee regrets the action
the directors of the apple show have
taken, inasmuch as she is always
ready to contribute her share to
make other communities conversant
with the the resources of this state.
The Wenatchee daily world. [volume] (Wenatchee, Wash.) 1905-1971, 1910-06-16
The PrOgressives Saved the Day.

The PrOgressives Saved the Day.
In the Washington correspondence
of the Indianapolis News complete
credit is given to the progressive re-
publicans in congress for blocking
the reactionary tide that set in i'm
mediately Taft was inaugurated and
which eliminated in the PayneAld-
rich tariff act. 1t is stated that as
save dthe day. Of course the regu-
save dthe day. Of course the regu-
lars do not admit this, but every sane
observer of what has taken place
here at the capital since January l
knows it to be fact. They saved
the administration and the party
from the passage of railroad bill
that could not have been defended;
they prevented the enactment of pos
tai savings bank legislation clearly
designed to favor certain banking in
terests; they made statehood legisla-
ton possible after the old guard had
said positively that there could be
no statehood legislation at this ses-
sion; it was largely through their
efforts that even a start was made
on conservation legislation. If the
old system of legislating had been
in operation the administration bills
would have been accepted in the
form in which they were presented.
Before the old order gave way to the
new, a senator or a representative
did not dare openly to oppose a pro-
said must be adopted