davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Elbert County tribune., 1910-06-24

but 10 to is minutes, while In so feet of water
he might be seen moving about on the bottom
for several hours
The pearl shells from these waters are not
as large as those of Ceyion but run from 6000
to 1000 to the ton. The true pearl oyster, the
Meleagrina of the Indian and south Pacific
oceans, varies in diameter from two to eight
inches, according to age. six inches being the
average. One diver working with helmet and
air pump can az many as $4,000 oysters
In a season. The greater part of the shell from
the La Paz fisheries is shipped to San Fran
cisco, while most of the pearls go to Mexico City
and Paris. In 1908 the production of these fish
cries was valued at $4,000 900, the pearls repre-
senting s3.ooo.o0O and the mother-of-pearl shell
the balance
According to DR.. George F. Kunz. one of the
worlds greatest authorities on pearls a pearl
OF the first water should possess a perfect skin
fine orient or delicate texture, be free from
specks or flaws. and be of translucent white
color, with a subdued iridescent sheen It
should also be perfectly spherical, or II not of
symmetrical pear shape. White or pink pearls
are the finest, owing to their delicate sheen
Sometimes the outer layer can be removed the
subjacent surface revealing finer skin than
the outer one. and in this way pearl may be
improved
The Lower California pearls are of a ereat
variety Of shapes and color. round, pear sbaped
button pearl or fiat one side barooue or
pearl of irregular shape. and in color ranging
from white and pink to blue, green. brown and
black. Some very famous pearls of history have
been taken from these waters
With hardly an exception there are American
pearls among the crown Jewels of every ruler of
Europe In 1889. at the worlds fair I'm PARIS
there was exhibited set OF seven black pearIs
from these Mexican fisheries, valued at 500 oO0
at that time and today worth much more Ono
OF the largest pearls ever found here was soId
In Paris to the emperor OF Austria for s1o mn
and the Spanish government presented Nano
leon iii. with black Mexican pearl valued a.
$25.O00. A1eu a'
In Venezuela the principal oyster beds ara
located around the island of Margarita which
word In Spanish means pearl and at Cubae,a
Ei Tirano. Gulf OF Paria and Coro Porlamar
Maracapana and Macanao. SO that this mart ~
venezuela became known to the early snan.
iards as the Pearl coast
OF the Pearl islands of Panama bav pav
island is the largest Of the group The only
village OF any size among these islands ia San
Miguel, as old as the fisheries themselves the
tower OF Its little masonry church being tbickIv
inlaid with beautiful nacreous shells from tho
fishing grounds all Sides
From the United States and Canada coma
the fresh-water pearls. which are produced prn
cipaly by the Unio, species of mussel com
mon to all the mountain streams throughout
the country. although pearl may be found in
any mollusk having a nacreous interior lining
Pearls have been brought to the New York
market from almost every state In the Union and
Canada, principally from Ohio Indiana, Illinois,
Kentucky Missouri. Arkansas Michigan Mime
sota' tennessee and Mississippi.
The Elbert County tribune., 1910-06-24

Montezuma alghted from his royal ,,,,arortr
o,azne with FURNISHED gold and overshad.
49, 49, Wy a canopy OF gaudy featherwork pow
oered with jewels and fringed with silver" to
grant audience to Cortez his cloak and colder.
soled sandals were sprinkled with nearIs and
other precious Jewels
Ihe pampered favortes of the rulers n,
Esypt and Rome valued their precious pearls
uoi,i 'he indies no more highly than did the
indian women of the Aztecs of Mexico or the
Incas of Peru. When the king of Sna,n n,oda
hernando de Soto governor of Cuba with com.
mission to conquer Florida the latter penetra
TED INTO the country of the Yuckees along the
savannah river In Florida to their chief vii
iase' Cuntatchiqui, where he found their queen
wearing great strings OF pearls The oueen
In welcoming the Spanish explorer to the hos
pitalties OF her nation removed one of
the most beautiful of her pearl necklaces and
threw 1t around his neck
Thus the Spaniards were not disappointed
IN tner expectations of finding pearls among
other treasure they sought to obtain from the
natives of the new world. and such adyentur-
ers as Ponce de Leon, Panflo de Navarez. Ca
beca de Vaca fernando de Soto Coronado
and numerous others were lured on by this
hope.
A member of Sir Walter Raleigh's expedi-
tion collected from the natives of Virginia
over 5000 pearls. of which he chose "as many
as made fayre chaine," and the Indians OF
the Mississippi wore bracelets and earrings of
fine pearls, which. Father Louis Hennepin
wrote. they gave to understand they re-
ceived in exchange for their calumets from
natives nhabiting the coast of the great lake
to the southwark which take to be the Gulph
OF Florida"
For the sake of comparison of the principal
pearl fisheries of the Americas with those or
the old world. both as to wealth of production
and methods employed, short description of
the oldest and richest fisheries in the world
those of Cey1on. is given. These are located
in the Gulf OF Manar off the western shore of
Ceylon and to the south of the island of Manar
and on the Madras side near Tinnevelly. The
Macedonians of Greece obtained pearls from
the Persian Gulf and the Ptolemies' slaves
worked the fisheries of the Red sea from
where undoubtedly the famous pearl carse
that Cleopatra is supposed to have ground up
and drunk in wine to her lover.
The old methods employed on the Ceylon
fisheries and which continued up until a few
years ago are the most interesting. The pearl
oyster beds are under the supervision of gov
ernment inspectors, who regulate the fishing
When bed is to be fished over announcement
of the fact is published beforehand. the season
usually beginning the first part OF March and
continuing from four to six weeks. according
The Elbert County tribune., 1910-06-24

method employed in gath
ering pearls, and the Brit
ish government of India
derived a revenue OF from
100000 to s750.000 annu-
ally from the product of
these fisheries. but for the
last few years they have
haen nnerated hY an Enp-
The Elbert County tribune., 1910-06-24

and air pumps and is carried on in from 40 to
100 feet of water. an average depth being 60 to
so feet. The work only be continued from to
3 " hours at time. due to the tide. which along
this coast has n maximum variation of over 20
feet, creating currents that make 1t impossible
to work for more than IL hours before and
one-half to two hours after the turn of the tide.
One OF the great dangers of working at the
bottom when strong current Is running is the
risk of being carried far from the boat on
rising In exhausted condition, In the case
of the head diver. or of injury by being driven
against sharp jutting rock or coral for
nation which the life line might catch fast
The divers take little or no food into their stom-
achs before commencing work, this would
hinder deep breathing and make them more
liable to cramps. A diver wearing 25 pounds of
lead each shoe rubber garments and brass
helmet to which attached air tubes signal
cord and life line can remain at the bottom from
onehalf to three hours, according to the depth
at which he is working. The pressure is SO
great at 100 feet that he usually remains under
The Elbert County tribune., 1910-06-24

Ii IL tney IN
formed me were to be
procured in their own
neighborhood." AS evi-
dence of the truthfulness
of his statements he sent
the queen an immense
pearl of exquisite orient.
weighing over 300 grains.
taken from these waters.
When Vasco Nunez de
Balboa crossed the 18th
mus of Panama IN 1913.
he found the Indians
along the shores of the
Gulf of st. Michael (now
the Bay of Panama) col
lecting pearls from oys-
ters washed ashore dur
ing violent storms, as
well as diving for them a
short distance from the
shore.
When fernando Cor
tez in 1926 discovered
Lower California he found
the natives wearing many
beautiful pearls taken
from the waters of the
Gulf of California. His.
tory tells us that when
The Elbert County tribune., 1910-06-24

tises came to the ship in countless numbers many
VI 'nem wearing pieces of gold on their breasts
and some with bracelets of pearls on tbe,r
The Elbert County tribune., 1910-06-24

HE HISTORY of the pearl and pearl
nsheries in America begins with the
discovery of the western world by
columbus. who wrote glowing ac-
counts to Queen Isabella of the beau
tiful necklaces and bracelets of
pearls which he found the Indians
Oh the Gulf of Paria and Cariaco In
venezuela wearing and which they
SO eagerly exchanged for broken
DTS OF gaudfly decorated valencIan
plate. In the account of his third
voyage in 149S he wrote that on an
tering the Gulf of Parfa the M.
The free lance. (Fredericksburg, Va.) 1885-1926, 1910-04-16
THE PRESIDENT APPALLED,
Horrors Of coeair, Traffic Explained
70 Nh. Taft

FFai OTIS OF NoGe'ne reffIc EN1f : 4
70 M. Taft
Wa h'ncton. April 15-Thc different
forms in which tho drug cucaiuo is
prepared Tor sale to .ts Victims were
exhibited 20 Pres kout Taft hv nr Io-
scph D. Remington. of Philadelphia.
chairman of the committee on revision
% the United States PharmacoDaoia.
which viii hold its next convention In
this city on MAY DO. Dr Remington
told the president that the Illicit sale
of cocaine had grown 90 proportions
IN this country that seriously threat.
ened future citizenship
70 had been discovered in philafel-
phia he said. that the drug was sold
IN large quantities 70 school children.
hundreds OF them having been de.
hauchci through lbs agencies Rostric-
i've laws iu cities and states were in
effective. ho said. because the drug
could Doe obtained hv mail from other
states What was needed was national
legislation under the Interstate com.
merce clause OF the con titutlon. that
would forbid tho handling or sale Of
the medicine except hv licensed drug
gisis and physicians
The president was appalled, by the
facts told him and promised 10 give
his aid in any way possible
The free lance. (Fredericksburg, Va.) 1885-1926, 1910-04-16

~ the Circuit court OF Srotsvlvania
1 county. Virginia. Slaughter SIS.
Slaughter. BY "a decree entered I'M
th's cause April itn. 1910. 90 appears
that there IS fund of 50 1921 in the
hands OF tac court for distribution
among the partnership and individual
creditors % tae late Franklin and J
Warren Slaughter. of Frederickshurr.
Virginia. after decucunC the costs oil
thls proceeding. and 10 further appears
from sai4 decree that said partnership
ana Individual creditors of Franklin and
>. Narfon Slaughter are SET forth in
repo y-A.ed m snid cause. on December
SIN, 49,, Wncrcupon the court docrecl
as follows. "Aul IL further auDeariuf-
that SO puch time has elapsed since the
ming OF said report of Dec s. ! SD
that an enquiry should be had by
commissioner Will the view Of a-cer-
tanning who are now ertiticd o. receive
said fund, the court doth by consent OF
al. parties by counsel. appoint b. L.
wins, special commissioner. 90 make
slch enquiry and ascertain vino are en-
titled 20 receive said fund.- taking said
report Of Dec. 4. lso2. as the basis of
such enquiry. And said special COM
missioner shall publish the list of credi-
tors contained in said report once a
" 80 ANA TtA ~ Nal III some new ~naUor
published IN Fredericksburg. recurring
said creditors or their personal repre-
sentauves 70 report 90 said special com
missioner their postoilice address and
any Information that viii contribute 10
the proper distribution of said fund. "
In pursuance OF the provisions of the
aforesaid decree. :. b. p. Willis. spe-
cial commissioner. DO hereby publish
the list Of the creditors Of the late
banking firm Of r. Slaughter & Co.
ana OF SAID Franklin Slaughter and J.
Warren Slaughter. with the amounts
due 20 each as OF the Sth day of De
eember. lNs'. and hereby require all
sand creditors or their personal repre-
sentatiVes % report 20 me at my office
ID rreuericksburg Virginia, on or be-
lore June 18TH, 1910, their postofiice
address and any information that will
contribute % the proper distribution of
SAID iund. Personal representatives of
SAID creditors shall also state in what
court they qualified and when.
List Of said creditors and the debts
due them Dec. Sth. lsS2.
The free lance. (Fredericksburg, Va.) 1885-1926, 1910-04-16
RAPSSUCAR TRUST
Sainey Calls 1t Most Cor.
rupt Ever Created.
PROTECTED BY POLITICIANS
Illinois Congressman Charges Taft,
Wickershsm and Others With
Shielding Men Higher Up
in Fraud Cases.

Washington. April l5.-ln delivering
scathing Pronunciation OF the Ameri-
can Sugar Refining company in the
house OF Representative Representa-.
tive Rainey. OF Illinois. did not hest
tate 70 make bold suggestions con.
corning that most corrupt ami rotten
trust ever created by the protective
tarin system" and President Taft. AT.
toroey General Wickersham ana
Henry W. TAFT a brother OF the presi-
dent
Mr.. Rainey referred To- President
Tafts message sent 20 congress about
q year ago IN which the president ad-
Nsed against an Investigation OF the
SUGAR frauds by congress Tor the rea-
son that 'it might. by giving immunity
ana otherwise. prove an ombarrass-
ment in securing conviction of the
guilty PARTIES
Reviewing the history Of the sugar
trust and especially recent fraudulent
acts en- unde-weighips raw sugar for
the purpose OF Geirsuding the govern.
ment of millions oi revenue. Mr.
Rancv said.
The free lance. (Fredericksburg, Va.) 1885-1926, 1910-04-16
A HUGE SWIHDLE
Illinois Central Railroad
Defrduded.
AMOUNT PLACED AT S5.OOO.OOO
Populations Cover a Period Of -Four
Years and Reach Nearly Every
City on the Read Detso-
lives az Work.

Chicago. M April l5.-Fve million
dollars Is declared 20 be not an eN-
travagant estimate OF the sum that the
Illinois Central railroad has been swim.
died out OF by an alleged conspiracy
that is being investigated
Although the sum that the railroad
is allies ed 10 have lost was early set
at $1,000 600. the revelations made by
the inquiry OF the detectives put on
The case 0y President James r. Hara-
han are declared to have raised this
figure until now IL is near S5.ODoU0O.
W j. Burns the san Francisco
graft investigator. and seysnty-fve Cd.
cratiNes under him are doing the work.
which covers period OF Tour years
populations and has reached 90 nearly
every city upon the line of the Illinois
Genital railroad.
70 is declared that President Hara-
han. whose resignation has been ru-
morcj Tor some time. Will leave tho
service OF the railroad within q short
time. Much of the work If not all of
IL. and the espousibiiity for the sys.
tenn that De heads has been taken
''NAi MS s"oAt"NlS NN N To- Z dihs, the
new vice president The failure of the
s. Louis Terminal railroad az the an
nual meeting In s. Louis, 20 re-elect
Mr. Harahan as member of the di-
rectorate. is taken as tle Grst actual
step 90 place Mt Parks IN the posi-
ton az tho head OF the system Nr.
PARKS was elected "a director OF the
- Louis Terminal I'm placa Df Ar
Hsrahan. The st Louis Terminal
railroad Is controlled jointly by the
Illinois Central AMI 10y Ore Chicago &
Alton,
Nr Haahau's salary as president
is $4,000 per year his is nearly sew
crtr Years OLD
The free lance. (Fredericksburg, Va.) 1885-1926, 1910-04-16
ORGY" PROBE FINISHED


Governor Fort Decides Plan Of Action
in Legislature Scsntai
Trenton. y. D. April 20 Governor
Fort announced that after consulta-
tion With ATTORNEY Gen.eai Edmund
Wilson that his 3c-is'on or o plan of
action or the change nf 'or-ies" in
the house of assembly darina the clos
ing night OF rho legislature would be-
announced TODAY Ee refused to say
what DE intended d'ing. bur 81 was inn
mediatelv r,r0red that Dc e0nd call
a special session OF the legislature
Behind the rumor was tln Insist
once of many Republican leaders that
the senate come hack Co confirm the
nomination of John Rotterdam. of
Hudson county. Co. the tax board OF
that comfy. and rumor had 80 that
this was weighing moro with ihe gov.
ernor than the scandal chsrces and
had stated uubiiclg that they aaI been
grossly cNaaceratcd.
The free lance. (Fredericksburg, Va.) 1885-1926, 1910-04-16
EGGS FOR MATCHING

The best all-purpose hen is the Wyan-
dotte. l offer eggs from three high
quality pens, mated up with absolutely
new blood, no inbreeding, at 81 for IS.
as they run; special pen, Duston hens
mated with, S25 Rockhill, Ossining. n.
=, cockerel, y. 50 Qimitedl. Also a
main object is eggs get S. G. W 60
horns. l offer eggs from choice non
related matings (Wyckof, Blanchard
foungl. at 81 for Is, 81. Is for As. s.
Tor 100. guarantee satisfaction. I
also offer good brooder-heaters at half
their cost.
Jno. S. Terrell,
mS-zm Fredericksburg. Va.
The free lance. (Fredericksburg, Va.) 1885-1926, 1910-04-16
VENICE BY NIGHT
GORdOla Ride in Darkness
PleaSeS Roosevelt.
is HtlCOMD BY ABRUZzI
Former President Declares Trip
Through the Canals in Utter
Darkness is Finer Than
Moonlight.

Venice. Italy. April Is. - Former
President Roosevelt was rowed
throush stretch OF the Canal Grande
IN the darkness OF the early morning
and declared the experience 20 bc
more impressive than a sight az Ven
ice by moonlight.
Colonel Roosevelt arrived here by
train az 3 O'Clock In the mornlns and
departed az 2.2O o'clock in Che after.
uoCn iov Vienna.
The former president was accom-
panied from Porto N'au-igio DIV K.r.
mit Roosevelt Lawrence Abbott. two
secretaries end Several American
newspaper men. lie was met az tho
railway station 10y the American con.
spl James y. Long anf Commander
Andrew T. loAg. American naval at.
tache az Rome ana Vienna.
The party entered hooded condolas.
which threaded their way swiftly
Through the narrow canals to the no.
tei where apartments Rad been re-
served. The reflection OF The street
N-nts I'm the iuSv waters. the Gloomy
facaies of beautiful places rising ON
either side ana thc ouict of tho hour
broken only by thc uclancA1iv cries
OF the son iolIers as corners were au-
preached. were commented uuon bv
Colonel Roosevelt AMI as SON. both
oft whom enjoyed TIE "trip immensely.
Re7cAiug the hotei tho Hooseveits
r-''r0i at once hut werc un asain az
s o'c'cck oud after breakfast started
The free lance. (Fredericksburg, Va.) 1885-1926, 1910-04-16
TO PROSE GRAFT CHARGES
N y. Senate Passes Resolution FOR
i...n-a..-..-. - -. --...

N. y. Senate Passes Resolution For
Investigation by joint Committee.
Albany. y \. April lathe state
senate unanimously adopted resolu
ton providing Tor Joint legislative
committee of three senators ami FIVE
assemblymcu to mgesu-at, corrupt
methods I'm connection rith legislation
ana the Administration or state de
partments. Tho resolution carries an
appropriation OF ssh UlH.
Asscmblyman William 81 Bennett.
who represents Governor Hughes dis
trict. demanded that fne assembly act
upon the resolution at once. but De
apoligized when hc was informed that
the rules prohibited Immediate action
because the resolution carried an APP
preparation cot money
The free lance. (Fredericksburg, Va.) 1885-1926, 1910-04-16
NOTICE

Having qualified as executor Of the
late J. l.. Graves, deceased, | hereby
give notice that all parties indebted to
the estate viii please come forward and
settle, and all having claims against
said estate will please present them
properly authenticated.
w. S. Johnson.
Executor of !. J.. Graves, deceased.
Don /. ~, va. ap2-lw4w
The free lance. (Fredericksburg, Va.) 1885-1926, 1910-04-16
SEED CORN

For sale, 800 bushels Of Boone Coun-
ty Special white seed corn, well bred
and carefully selected. The seed which
offer. grown in Virginia. is thorough
ly acclimated and III commend this
variety very strongly on good light
loan soils. The ears contain from Is
70 = rows and all are remarkably well
filled from but to tip. 1t has white
cob of medium size, the kernels are
cream-white, very deep with fine large
germ. Stalks good size ard medium
height, very prolific. am selling this
corn on the cob 20 lbs. per bushel.
price . and IS per bushel This corn
took hrst prize at State Fair last year.
Jno. 7. Thornton,
Port Royal, Caroline Co, Va.
The free lance. (Fredericksburg, Va.) 1885-1926, 1910-04-16
LAW TO PROTECT BIRDS
Many States Fighting TO Prevent
Their Slaughter For plunaue.

Their Slaughter For plumage.
Albany. y. Y. April l5.-The fight
TO stop the slaughter OF birds for use
as trimmings on hats IS gaining
strength judging from the manner in
which the legislatures of a number OF
states are passing bills iavorine the
protection of birds.
BY vote almost unanimous the
New York assembly passed a measure
by which the sale OF plumage will be
forbidden even though the birds were
not killed m the state
The New Jersey legislative body.
which has been considering an anti.
bird slaughtering bin for some time.
VIII again renew the fight and IN all
probability vote favorably on a meas
ure whereby our feathered neighbors
may fly at ease and not be shot down
to adorn the top OF some TWEEN 9th
century creation.
The free lance. (Fredericksburg, Va.) 1885-1926, 1910-04-16
cow DEAD; TAFTs MOURN
Aooiey Ate Too Much oats. With Fa.
tai Consequenees.


Washington. April Is - "Niooley."
the pet COW and pure milk provider OF
the White House. is dead. The aristo.
cratic animal was allowed the exclu-
sive privilege Of grazing On the White
House lawns and the big White House
lot. insufficient green grass az this sea
son of the year led ~Mooley" the other
night TO wander about the stable in
search of food She found an open
oat bin and helped herself too freely
TO a grain intended for horses and
work animals Consequent she be-
came ill.,
Strenuous efforts were made by a
veterinary surgeon TO save her life.
Out ,nvs were in vain. The loss Of
"Mooley' is mourned N the White
House
The free lance. (Fredericksburg, Va.) 1885-1926, 1910-04-16
AMELIA MERCHANT LET MAN
LOOK HIS SAFE OVER
$500 is Missing.

A stranger entered the store of a
merchant at Amelia c. II. land offered
to sell him appliances for making his
safe fireproof or burgiarproof. The
merchant declined and to show that his
safe was impregnable showed the man
the inside, lock and the safe in general,
and the man went away.
That night the safe was opened in
regular order, and when the merchant
returned to his work in the morning ne
found that $500 was gone.
In the safe was note which read:
II told you you needed a new safe. -
The free lance. (Fredericksburg, Va.) 1885-1926, 1910-04-16
VIRGINIA NEWS

Tyler ". Lynn las been appointed
postmaster At kopp. Prince William
county.
Gov. Mann pardoned J.. Irvine East.
OF Roanoke county. sentenced to serve
SIN years for technical forgery. Me
man has served two years.
DR.. Thomas N. Lewis died Tuesday
night at bis home White Post. Clarke
county. lie was son Of the late judge
George ~. Lewis. of Newfoundland
county. and was - years old During
the civil war he was surgeon in the
Confederate army
The free lance. (Fredericksburg, Va.) 1885-1926, 1910-04-16
WON $4,000 FOR YES"
oeathbed Bride Must Pay Lawyer Fer
Legal Advice.

Legal Advice.
Chicago. April l5-Lawycr Seth F..
Grows was eivcn $1,000 bv Judge
Pinckney I'm the circuit court for ad-
wishing sarah Petersen that &c would
Dee legal for hcr to marry John r.
smith = wealthy ml1o owner. on his
dcathhcd.
Miss Peterson married smith and
he died almost Immediately. When
his estate was prohated She got $3.50
600.
Mr.. Crews thought that 60 Miss
Peterson's Yes" was wor- S35O.OOC
his Yes" orght 90 Doe worth a tenth
Il that sum- Tie brought suit for s35..
GOO.
Mrs. Smiths defense was that she
had not married Smith FOR his money.
Judge PinckRey infimated that he held
a contrary view.
Il DO not see why a woman should
marry man on his deathbed. as Mrs.
Smith did" he said.