Orange County observer. [volume] (Hillsborough, N.C.) 1880-1918, 1910-08-25

Never Overfeed the Calf.
When the calf has reached the age
OF two months the milk ration can be
slightly increased. Up to this time 1t
should never exceed ten or twelve
pounds daily. Mistakes are more often
made In. feeding the calf too much
milk than in feeding it not enough.
Any changes that are made should be
gradual. Radical changes always re.
suit In throwing the calf off feed by
sachening it either with scours, calf
collie or some other of the diseases to
which young calves are susceptible.
The milk should never be increased
more than by a pound a day and it
should be borne in mind that the calf
should never receive more than TWEEN.
ty pounds Of milk in a day at any age.
Too many feeders believe that the
quality that is lost by removing the
fat a be replaced by greatening the
quantity. This is a mistake for even
though the calf had the power OF
drinking 100 pounds of skinned milk
it would not receive as much fat as it
would from one pound of whole rich
milk.
Summing up, then, the proper way
to raise the calves is to feed them
from ten to not exceeding twenty
pounds of milk daily and replace the
nutrients which have been removed
by the separator with a grain ration
which Is palatable and acceptable tc
the calf. and then allow the youngste1
to derive the remainder -hn Etsisats
from alfalfa o. clover hay.
Keep Calves in Good Quarters.
The management of the calf has as
much to do with its welfare as does
the feeding. AS a rules calves in
dairy districts are born in the fall be-
Il the COWS a be MIXED and the
calves raised during the Winte4
months when the farmer has more
times and also because he realizes
that the COW which freshens in the
fall will produce 20 per cent. more
milk and butter-fat than the COW
which freshens in the spring. Owing
during the first six months Of his life
1t should be kept in a stall which is
roomy, dry, well-bedded, w~ell-venti
lated, with plenty of light. Under
these conditions, he receives sufficient
exercise and keeps in a healthy
thrifty condition SO as to grow well
On the other hand, if the calf Is kept
in a stall that is dark or damp or III
ventilated, he Is very liable to be-
come affected with one of the two
dozen ills to which the calf is sus
ceptible and will die. On bright days
after the calf has reached the age Of
four weeks he should be turned out
to play even though the weather Is
cold, because the exercise and the
fresh air and sunshine he receives is
greatly beneficial to him. An houl
of such treatment daily is excellent
but the calf should not be allowed tt
remain out long enough to become
cold and chilled, for herein again lies
another danger. After the winter ha:
passed and springtime IN the cal
will give little more trouble, for it ha:
reached the size and age when 1t cal
get a large portion of its subsistence
from the grasses of the pasture, bu
for the first year 1t should not be com
PEELED to live entirely on grass. The
digestive apparatus Of the calf has no
yet become sufficiently developed tt
permit of the consumption of enough
nutrients from feed containing 81
much water as does grass. For th1'
a is should be given a ration o
corn, oats, bran, and oil meal twice
daily for the first year at least ant
then, Of course, during the secont
winter it should be carried through
on a ration composed largely of rough
age, such as clover hay, alfalfa hay
corn silage, etc., with a slight amour
of concentrated feeds, in order to de
velop to the greatest degree the ID
gestive apparatus. Calves raised un
der these conditions will make larg'
growth and by the time they hav'
reached the age Of two years they vii
have the size, stamina, reserve fore
and power to freshen; and with tn
good breeding and productive power
Of their ancestors they should produc
p%rofitably even the first year, and j
the owner continues with his goo
care and feeding he has reason to b.
disappointed If they DC not produc
for him at least ESQ pounds of butte
in their tw~o-year-old form. Likewis
is he in a position to compliment him
p self If these results are attained