davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1910-11-27
AS TO CRITICISM OF BENCH.

To the Editor OF The Tribune.
Sir: Now that the ranccr and prejudice
If cdent to the last campaign may be pre-
sumed 10 have become spent. it is meet
to consider soberly one of the capital ques-
tions raised in the last few months.
The right to criticise the courts. as all
other public institutions or men, clearly
and Enthusiastically exists: it is most sa-
cred and valuable right. as Indispensable
to a free people as air to human life. and
persistent neglect to exercise such rlght Is
a grievous default in civic duty
David Dudley Field wrote: Judges are
but men, and are sWayed like other men
by vehement prejudice This is corruption
in reality, give it whatever other name
YOU please" y learned lawyer, Mayor
Gaynor has said IN many of his public
speeches that 'It would be a sorry day
for the people Of this state when they dare
not criticise their Judges
1t is plain, then. that Mr.. Roosevelt was
clearly within his rights in Criticisng the
courts Many minds might differ as TO the
temper Of his expressions. and the per-
sonal EQUATION enters largely into the dis
cussion; but it IS not we'll to encourage in
American judges a too tender delicacy OF
susceptibiltties by an exaggerated and vlo-
lent denunciation OF the critic who dares
speak his honest opinion on the wisdom
of their judicial utteranceS or on the
quality Of the mind which gave them coin
age be that opinion ever so vigorously or
tactlessly expressed. HUGO WINTNER-
New York Nov. %. 1910.
New-York tribune., 1910-11-27
People and Social Incidenfs
AT THE WHITE HOUSE.
tFrom The Tribune Bureau

Washington. Nov 2-The President
spent the greater part of the day dictatinS
his message: he talked tariff with H. e.
Emery, of the Tariff Board. and a COM
mittee from the National Tariff Commits
sion Association: appointed George War
rington, of Chicago. superintendent OF
lighthouse construction, and received Speak
er Cannon and Representative Mann. Mr.
Emery said the Tariff Board was working
on the pulp and paper and woollen sched-
ules, but did not expect to make report
for three or four months.
John c. Cobb. of Boston: Charles NJ Jar
Wis. of New Britain. Conn; Alba E. John
son, Of Philadelphia; John Kirby. jr., or
Dayton: II. E. Miles, Of Racine, Wis. and
Henry r. Towne. s. c. Meade and Henry
7. Wills, OF New York, constituted the
committee which urged the President to
recommend to Congress a non-partisan
tariff revision. President Taft asked the
committee to submit its views in writing
Speaker Cannon and Representative Mann
called to pay their respects to the Presi-
dent. They remained only q few minutes.
When asked about the results Of the recent
election, Speaker Cannon remarked: "Sufi1-
cient unto the day is the evil thereof
The President and Mrs TAFT with Miss
Helen Taft and Captain Butt, went auto
MODELLING this afternoon.
New-York tribune., 1910-11-27

Union, at ninety-three millions and the
rate of increase at % per cent in ten
wears. Imagination is challenged by the
prospect Ten years hence the popula-
ton of the Union is likely to be over
TI3.ooa.o00. the census of 1890 will put
il Mt more than 13S.000.OOO. by 1910 it
will exceed I6S. 100000, and the middle
OF the present century, forty years hence.
will see these states inhabited by more
than 205.000.o0o people, all speaking the
same language and all under the same
constitution and laws That is the
reasonable prospect which lies before
men now living. and which the children
of to-day may expect TO see realized
when they have reached maturity. 1t is
a suggestive reply to forebodings OF
some yellow peril which is TO flood
the world that thus the greatest Cau-
casian nation, which is not only Cau-
casian but predominantly Anglo-Saxon,
il thus swiftly and surely rising TO rivai
The great Asiatic countries in popula-
ton The phrases which men now apply
10 the countless millions" of China ana
of India are coming TO be equally apple
able 10 America.
New-York tribune., 1910-11-27
THE DIPLOMATIC CORPS.
From The Tribune Bureau. ]

Washington, Nov. ga number of Dip
lomats went to Philadelphia to-day TO at
tend the Army and Navy football game.
and some OF them will remain there over
Sunday. Among the number were the
Italian Ambassador and Marchesa Cusani
Confalonieri, Commander Retzmann, Ger
man naval attache; Commander Vassilten,
Russian naval attache; Captain Sowerby.
British naval attache; Lieutenant Colonel
senor Don Fortino NJ. Davila, Mexican
military attache; Lieutenant Commander
D. r. Marques de Azeudo, Brazilian naval
attache and Henri Martin, secretary OF the
Swiss Legation.
The Netherlands Minister and Nine
Loudon have as a guest for some time
Miss Helen Hyde, of California Nine.
Loudon IS having great success IN dis
posing of tickets for the Kneisel Quartet
recital on Tuesday at $50 O'Clock, for
which she has lent the use OF the legation
drawing rooms
Alfred Mitchell Innes, British Counsellor
and charge d'affaires, has returned from
Savannah, where ne went to attend the un-
yelling of the statue of General Oglethorpe-
Captain Sowerby, British naval attache,
will leave here next week for three
weeks hunting trip in Texas.
The Peruvian Minister and Nine. de
Pardo have gone to New York to remain
several days.
The Italian naval attache and Nine.
Pfster have taken apartments at Fhe
Brighton for the season. They have spent
most of their time in New York for
several seasons
New-York tribune., 1910-11-27
RAISING THE MAINE
A Modification Suggested in Scheme
for Building a Cofferdam.

To the Editor Of The Tribune
Sir: In your issue Of October "a appeared
a letter from William RI. Richmond, OIL
scranton. Penn, relative to the question oi
raising the Maine 1t is evident from MT.
Richmond's criticism Of the plan adopted
by the United States engineers that ne Is
not suft1ciently familiar with cofferdam
work to appreciate the difficulties to De
overcome
Under the plan adopted by the govern
ment 1t is purposed to build a cofferdam OF
elliptical shape about 400 feet long and 2W
feet wide. The walls of this cofferdam will
be composed Of a chain of cylinders or
barrels. 40 to 80 feet in diameter and 20 feet
deep. driven alorgside of each other. Now,
II the reader Will consider that each cyiin-
der is to be filled TO the top with clay or
compact soil dredged from the harbor, and
that the weight Of each cylinder filed with
earth will be from 4.5G0 to 1000 tons, he
will readily comprehend that there will be
a strong tendency for each box to remain
standing, even when subjected to the enor-
nous pressure Of thirty-ive feet Of water
which for that depth would be more than
one ton square foot.
After the cofferdam is thus completed IL
is a comparatively simple matter TO pump
out the water inside, excavate the mud
around the ship and finally remove the
same. provided, however, that the soil into
which the piling is driven is sufficiently
impervlcus and solid to hold the water
from working its way into the inclosure
under the sides Of the cofferdam ana
through the bottom. This. Of course is
avoided when the cofferdam IS driven into
a hard and Inpervious stratum of sufficient
depth to resist the water pressure
Whether the bottom, In which the steel
sheet piling will be driven in the Havana
Harbor, fulf1ls these requirements Is not
altogether beyond question. The layer OF
mud and soft material at the bottom of the
harbor is saturated with water TO deplh
of probably not less than fifty feet, ana, OF
course. the hydrostatic pressure on the
stratum Immediately below would be at
least equivalent to that due to column or
water fifty feet high or corresponding 10 d
weight of more than one and one-haf tons
a square foot. Under such a pressure
layer of clayey material even twenty reet
thick VIII have to be unusually stiff ana
impervious to prevent fnf1ltrauon or water
beneath the walls of the COffeTdam.
Once water under such high pressure
begins TO percolate through clayey soil 1t
will soon open passage that Will allow
rush of water, with serious consequences.
From these considerations it would seem.
therefore, that, while the cofferdam to be
built around the Maine is very well laid
out. a wise precaution would be to have
the sheet pilng fifteen 10 twenty feet
longer that It may penetrate strata of un-
ouestiona bIa toughnesS and consistency, as
well as imperViousness.
J. r. WEMLINGER,
President of the Wemlnger Steel Piling
Company.
New York. Nov. %. 1919.
New-York tribune., 1910-11-27
that basis one may argue what he
uTTTTNY OR STRfH f.!

II is as q strike rather than as ml-
tinv that the action of the brazllidh
sailors presents itself to the CIVILIAN
mind. owing. perhaps most OF all 10 tue
unouestionable justice of their deihdhd
for the abolition of degrading form oh
corporal punishment, the cause Oh so
many revolts in the history OF the
british navy. Their demand for higher
nay TOO. gives the affair the appearance
Of q labor dispute, and, finally, nhu-
t;nv that succeeds becomes d reVolulion,
which the successful strike or the bra-
lillian man-of-war's men certainly nus
not turned out 10 be, although II mas re-
yealed the weakness Of their govern
ment. The event stands alone; IL Is not
comparable in any way with tue par.
played by army and navy In the latest
Portuguese revolution or with the mu-
tiny of the Russian Black Sea feeI IL
is rather to be classed with the aporu'e
strike Of the employees Of the French gov
ernment railroads.
Abundant parallels may be fouho Iof
1t, however, in the strikes OF the hier-
cenaries of the Middle Ages, wnlch are
usually but mistakenly referred to as
mutinies. The mercenaries considered
themselves as skilled worhmen, who sold
their services to whoever chose to hire
them with utter Indifference as to the
rights or wrongs Of his quarrel. Ihey
did not mutiny in the technical, military
sense Of the word they simply waited tor
the favorable moment, usually the eve
oe an important battle, to strike Tor
higher pay or the back pay tnat had
been withheld from them. Generally
thev had to kill few officers who at
temnted to maintain discipline, and they
invariably improved the occasion TO muir
der and rob the innocent bystander,
but these were incidents Of strikes, then
as now. They usually obtained what
thev demanded, being skilled judges OF
the right opportunity to organize them
selves as q guild, or labor union, anu
stop work.
The Brazilian naval strike, when was
settled before it had gone very far' puI
not until some officers and innocent ps-
ISLANDERS" ashore had suffered In llfe
and property, presents all the halimarks
of violent labor dispute.
New-York tribune., 1910-11-27
THE NUMBERTNG or THE N4TIoy. /

THE T-MBERfNG or THE NA1YON.
The census report that the population
Of the United States now considerably
exceeds ninety millions and that Of the
entire possessions OF this country eX-
ceels one hundred millions is not sur
prising Those who have observed in
1eliigen1lv the movements of population
in recent wears have rightly Surmi>ed
that the rate Of Increase in the last ten
years considerably surpassed that Of The
preceding decade. Thai was the case in
New York and other Important states.
and il WAS therefore naturally the case
in the Union IS a whole. Indeed. New
York. in the increasing rate Of lis growth
and in the enlargement of lis urban
population. forms pretty exact epitone
Of the whole United States. There :.
however. something tremendously i'm
preSsive in the realization that in popu-
latiOn America now stands in the first
class Of nations and by n large margin
surpasses any other enlightened nation
on the globe.
If we reckon Russia as an Asiatic na-
tion. which il largely is, then the United
States exceeds in population all nations
Of the world except the three unenight-
ened Asiatic giants, and is not far be
hind one of those Indeed, il is safe 10
assume that the population of the United
States is much larger than that Of those
parts of the Russian Empire which are
comparable with this country IN civiliZa-
tion. As for the great European c"un-
tries. the United States without lis out
living possessions iS nearly twice as popn-
lous rs Austria Hungary. considerably
more than Twice - pnpulous ~ France
ar even the United Kingdom. and half rs
populogIs again as the German Empire
Such numbers give il commanding rank
among The nations especially when il is
remembered that In intelligence. indus
fry aud productive energy il compares
favorahiy with any other great or small.
Employing round numbers. and reckon
ing the population Of the United States
apart from possessions outside of the
New-York tribune., 1910-11-27
THE TALK OF THE DAY.

..,rbe public be damned" as a railroad
motto appears to be finally in the discard
and Mr. McAdoo's amendment The pup
lie he pleased" seems TO have the call all
over country. President FELTON, OF the chi
cago Great Western. in a recent order 10
his employees, requiring politeness to the
Dublic SAYS: Many people unused to
travel and persons of foreign birth some
times tax the patience of the company
representatives. but discourtesy or lnclvll-
ity at these times do more damage to our
reputation than we can overcome In long
time by solicitation" Thus is the CONNER
cial value of civility recognized.
Hear abaout old man Fodderstr1cks?
He went ter tn city an come back with
money to burn.
''Ye don't say?"
yep. Bought a thousand dollars worth
fer a SO hu."-Cleveland Leader .....
woman was recently convicted in Paris
of infringing on the government monopoly
of making cigars, cigarettes ad tobacco by
manufacturing limitations out OF cocoanut
fibre She was fined 1900 francs. The
testimony showed that the woman had the
extensive output each year of 1.5oo,Goo
cigars" 100000 cigarettes" and 5000
pounds of tobacco" Madames defence
tobacco, but were meant for children. that
they were difficult to smoke and were ''ex-
ecrable TO the taste-even worse than the
government concerns products
He never brags about the bread his
mother used to make"
"Shhh His mother was one of the early
suffra gettes. .'-Birmingham Age Herald.
Epernay, the centre Of the champagne
country. has erected monument in honor
Of the founder of its prosperity, the Bene-
dictine monk. Dom Perignon G63S-lIl5l. the
inventor of the process for the manufact-
ure of sparkling wines.
Truth is as clear as a bell" quoted the
Wise Guy. Yes, but il isn't always
tClled.' added the Simple Mug.-Phiiadel-
phia Record.
According TO official statistics crime is
increasing with alarming rapidty among
the youth of France Inappropriate num-
Der of lads from sixteen to twenty being
among the offenders against life, per
son and property in 1909. The proportion
of minors arrested for acts of violence in
the year amounted to LOO in 100000 of the
population, While that of majors was only
New-York tribune., 1910-11-27
THE PENNSYLVANIA STATION.

THE PENNSYLVANIA STATION.
Much has been said Of the architect
ural beauty. the conyeniences and ap
pliances, the magnitude of the stately
building. an ornament to the city, which
was officially opened TO traffic this morn
ing at two minutes past twelve, signf1-
cantly enough with a theatre train for
New Jersey suburbanites. Much more
will be said hereafter. no doubt, concern
ing all these matters, even though the
structure is not the largest building In
the world. although by far its largest
railroad station Several European
nalaces surpass it IN size, but they were
centuries in the building. whereas the
PENNSYLVANIA station was erected ac-
cording TO a grandiose preconceived
nlan within the brief space of less than
seven years.
The stupendous cost Of the whole
undertaking. too, will continue TO be a
topic of interest, but it is far more profit
able and impressive to speculate upon
the revenue the investment will yield
not merely to the stockholders OF the
company but most Of all TO New York
and that vast stretch Of territory beyond
the Hudson which now will become
rapidly growing part Of the metropolitan
district in population and value and
commercial possibilities
Behind the gigantic achievement. be
hind al that it means Of material
growth and increase Of comfort and
convenience there is the brain that
planned il all. Alexander Johnston
Cassatt did not live 10 see the compile
ton of this child Of his brain, but the
honor of its realization remains his IT
needed not the erection of his statue
within the pillared portals Of this ma
ieStic building to remind us of this, but
vet no monument was ever more fully
earned. no acknow ledgment more gladly
made His service tQ the common veal
did not end with his death 1t began
only in its fulneSs early this morning
when that first train drew out OF the
station and entered the tunnel under the
Hudson River May its fruits Increase
with the passing years, In accordance
with his foresight.
New-York tribune., 1910-11-27
NEW YORK FROM THE su5URsS

Mayor Gaynor tells the New 19ss SaS sad
r0nrmentarv on the past, but caeei
utthal.-DetrOit News
Fighting Bob" Evans SAYS NE III nl,.hodv ao
work is worse than war. ana ever u.r
Lnows what General Sherman Sdi"
was-LoS Angeles Times
:, COSTS New York City $3.50 TO NV
borSe shod. which is one reason n
"u the officials insist on auto"o0i''
Philadelphia Inquirer
Inst as soon as the campaign eliusi usiong
-, irST like New York 10 come ts-Sss s-o
Mi, Vii q irunk mystery.-Detroit Free fis'
4 New York man is held in SOB $40 0a:; Sons me
,,t'tinS park squirrel 10 deatn.v vor,srs
a AscNlue Ms AVS rattls-brained New fOf M,
W viii lea learn that when they feel artins nSs their
n,,,T ,,,,S,,eroTs efforts to people. -HouS'on
y. Nv York thief stole a tt',opsgns t%0IsgsSss
tuleS and forU-fve eases OF rnsnt rnstsurant.
H., owner refused tO get cNSitstus,,,nssns
i.N,,1J nv tIat a wagon load OF C"s a. New
,,is NOT go far Perhaps hot -
Inter-Oeean-
New-York tribune., 1910-11-27

anu prOn1Dltlye laws " -, -, -
of a supply from abroad. ne 'neois ~
the Socialists is that the high prices are
due to the restrictions and prohloi'ionS OLE
which have been placed upon mea. nn-
portations at tho instance of the Agra
rians. and that if only the markets. Vi
Germany were opened 10 ioioie ~
and dressed meats prices "ou.' 49,
down to figures within the reaen y, ~
common people and horse meat anu uos
meat would not so largely be sofa lor
human food.
It seems probable that there is much
truth in this theory and that 1reer
trade in meats and otner loou''uii1'
would materially relieve the uin.he''
which GNrmanv is now suffering hei
is pretty general complaint OIL III
creased cost Of living the world over,
and it is probably nowhere more narheu
than In GERMANY. though Great Britain
may be suffering as much. oihiiiai
suits are not, however, always
sarily due to Identical causes ano ~
requires little consideration 10 pei'ei'
that the operating causes III uei iiiaaS
are decidedly different from those vi
Great Britain and also from those III
the United States. The methods OF re-
lief may also be quite different, AM,
indeed in some respects must be' anu
there Is reason for thinking thaC lhe
action which IS being urged upon Tue
German government might prove erect
ual.
1t would be illogical to say, however
that the same action would cersalhis
serve the same end In this country. 1t IS
true that Germany and America are ootIi
protectionist countries, and are both SUI
fering from high prices Of FOOD, espe-
cially meats. But it may be perIectiS
logical and true, as indeed we believe
it is, to say that while abolition of the
tariff or Of prohibittve laws WOULD re-
lieve the trouble there 1t would not DO
so here. That is because Of the vast
difference between the two countries III
their commerce in food. Germany I'LL
ports about five times as much as sue
exports, while America exports about
twice as much as she imports Ger
many Is uIaDlc 10 1etu ueloch' 'ANN
America is able to do so. AS Germany
is compelled to get much of her food
from abroad. a tariff upon 1t Is tax
upOn 1t. The United States is not re-
duired to get food from abroad, and the
effect Of the comparatively low tariff is
therefore entirely different. And In
Great Britain still another situation Is
presented, for that country Is not able TO
feed itself, but has to get food from
abroad; it permits free trade in food,
and vet the cost Of food has Increased
there as much as elsewhere. 1t Is en-
tirely possible that the establishment OF
free or freer trade in Germany IN 1000
products would result in lower prices,
that the establishment Of rational
tariff system in Great Britain would not
cause dearer but in time actually
cheaper food, through the Rehabilitation
of the home supply and the encourage
ment Of colonial production, and that IN
the United States the tariff has go
effect upon food prices.
New-York tribune., 1910-11-27
FOOD PRICES ~ GERMANH.

The debate over the causes of high
prices of food in Germany. which was
started by the Socialists at the opening
of the Reichstag OH Tuesday, has
already elected marked variety Of
opinions and an interesting statement
of policy. There is general agreement
as 10 the excessive cost of food but
hot as to its cause. Some blame the
middlemen, perhaps with eonsdera BILE
justification. Some insist that made
quacy of home supplies is not the cause.
contention which is not convincing.
since statistics demonstrate that the
home supply is inadequate and reason
suggests that that may easily bc II
cause OF high prices when tariff duties
New-York tribune., 1910-11-27
NEW YORK SOCIETY,".

Debutantes continue to monopoliZe the
centre OF the stage, and every afternoon
and evening OF the week opening to-day
will be devoted TO entertainments such as
IuncheOns, receptions, dinners and theatre
PARTIES in connection with their preSenta-
ton to society There will likewise be two
or three dances, and week from to-mOr-
rCw the Junior Cotillou will begin the win
ter's series of subscription dances.
The Junior Cotillons are again under
the mana cement of Mrs. Arthur Murray
Dodge. who was absent from New York
last winter on trip around the world.
Associated with her in the direction are
Mrs Robert EndiCott. Mrs. Hamilton Fish
Kcan and Mrs. W. Church Osborn. The
dance will take place at Sherry's. with the
cctiIlon before instead of after the supper.
ard. Judging from the numbers of invita-
tions sent out and accepted. the affair
seems destined TO prove the largest gather
ing of d~outantes in many long year.
Among tho subscribers to the dance all of
whom have daughters or young relatives
coming out this season. are Mines Gren-
Vile Kane. John /. Kane H. Van Rensse-
Iner Kennedy Thomas Newbold George w.
Perkins Waldron =. Brown. William Allen
Butler Winthrop Burr, r. RenShaw Jones,
James c. Colgate. Charles f. Tiffany.
Frank 6. Witherbee and F. Livingston Bur
rli
Among the entertainments in honor OF
dehutantes scheduled for tomorrow are
Mrs. Robert Taylor Varnum's luncheon at
Sherry's for her cousin Miss Cornelia
Clifford Brown, daughter of Mrs. Pierre
Crosby Waring by former marriage Miss
Cornela Brown was to have come out last
season. but her debut was DELAYED by the
death of her stepfather. In the evening
Mrs. George Jay Gould gives large din
ner at her reconstructed house in Fifth
avenue. In honor of her debutaute daugh-
ter. Miss Nivien Gould. and at which colo
mel Lord Decies and several others of the
English cavalry officers who came over for
the horse show Will be present
Tuesday has been selected by Mrs. II.
Bramhai Gilbert for the coming out re-
ception OF her eldest daughter. Miss Lila
Gilbert AT her house in East 64th street
and on "Wednesday Mrs. r. Livingston Peu
has a reception at her house in East t6ta
street lor her dehutante cousin. Miss Eliza
beth Morris Mordaunt.
MISS Asnes Le Roy Edgar will be pre-