davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The progressive farmer and southern farm gazette., 1910-02-12

MN confronts the Southern farm
IL er than that OF horsepower
1t Is to his interest to get the largest
legitimate profit from his farm; and
to do that. he must till more acres
and till them better. Machinery espe-
cially adapted TO operations will do
twice or thrice as much work as hu-
man muscle, and do II better. But
this machinery would be utterly use
less without horsepower TO operate
1t. and sufiiciency OF horsepower
Is the very thing In which most
Southern farms are most conspic-
uously lacking.
are only nine horses or mules to
each ten persons engaged in agricul-
ture-less than one horse to each
man. In those States where agricul-
tural machinery Ia extensively used
and the profits OF farming corre-
spondingly large. from two TO five
horses are used. The present supply
OF work animals on the farms OF Mis-
sissippi Is not sufficient to operate ef-
fectiyely even the scant and crude
implements now In use: and | can
say from personal knowledge that
the greatest hindrance to-day to
profitable farming on half the plant
ationa In some OF the richest parts
OF the State Is either the lack of a
sufficient number OF work animals or
the poor condition OF those in use
This is already serious problem:
and. with the growing general ten
dency towards the introduction and
use OF improved farming machinery,
II promises 10 be still further inten-
sined.
This is not an argument against
farming machinery: IL is an argu-
ment for more horses and mules and
better ones on our farms. Let us
have more machinery and the most
efficient that money will buy: but let
us have. also. more horsepower
with which TO run II. That horse
power pays Is easily shown by n COM
parison OF the statistics OF agricul.
ture for the various States. For In
stance: In Iowa. where 80 horses
to each laborer are used. the average
labor income Is $611.11; while In
South Carolina. where only g OF a
horse TO each laborer is used. the
average labor income Is only s144-
.s6. In Illinois. where 80 horses to
the hand are used. the average labor
income Is $425.i3: while in Florida.
where only 6 OF horse TO the hand
is used. the average labor income is
only sil9.72.
But these are comparisons between
cotton States and grain States; let us
see II similar comparisons obtain be-
tween the cotton States themselves.
Note the following table:
The progressive farmer and southern farm gazette., 1910-02-12
An abused COW will not return

An abused COW will not return a
profit. 1t is a loss every time she
is frightened. To run a COW to pas
ture Is like throwing money away
A COW In any way worried will no.
do her best. The COW that is made
a pet of will make money for her
owner-Farmers' Guide.
The progressive farmer and southern farm gazette., 1910-02-12

These figures show that the labor
income from the farms OF the South
Is very nearly proportional to the
amount OF horsepower utilized In
the operation OF machinery; and they
show further. that to make farming
reasonably profitable at least two
good mules or horses TO the hand are
required. In view OF these facts, |
repeat that there Is no more pressing
The progressive farmer and southern farm gazette., 1910-02-12

Messrs. Editors: The equipment
of the dairy farm is very important
matter. In the equipment every pos
sible piece OF labor-saving machin-
cry should be used. The manure
spreader | consider the most valu-
able: next comes small boiler and
steam turbine separator. One who
has never used a steam turbine sepa-
rator instead OF the hand machine
has no idea OF the saving 1t Is Of
time; and the boiler is an almost in
dispensable thing for properly cleans
ing the dairy utensils.
A room should be built some little
distance from the barn for the sepa-
rator boiler. This need not be ex-
pensive; 10x10 feet is large enough
II one wants to be saving. 1t should
have cement floor and. II possible.
cement plastered walls to admit
washing. The boiler can be set un-
der a shed. and to the side stand
pipe running through the wall to
the separator and one for sterilizing
The equipment Of this room for
dairy OF twenty cows would be about
as follows:
Low-pressure steam turbine
separator $lVO.UU
Single-tlue boiler ......... $500
WASH Sink 1Z.OO
Churn and butter worker. :. 1900
The progressive farmer and southern farm gazette., 1910-02-12
] LIVE STOCK AND DAIRY. 7
WE MUST RAISE MORE HORSES.

The Income From Farm Labor Proportion
Without Good
The progressive farmer and southern farm gazette., 1910-02-12

There are many little things that
Will be needed, but nothing expen-
sive. FELIX WILLIAMS.
Carroll Co.. Ga.
Atlanta semi-weekly journal. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1898-1920, 1910-06-03
THE RURAL MAIL CARRIERS.

rural free delivery mail carriers of Georgia this
holding their annual meetings in the various congressional dis
rcs of the state There conventions yesterday Craw
ford Forsyth and GAINESVILLE each of them marked by large
attendance and enthusiastic interest and similar meetings will
follow in other communities within the few days
There is doubt that they will all prove profitable the
rural delivery service 1t earnestly to be hoped that they will
prove equally profitable to the engaged the service and
that congress will fit to better the condition of all these
class of public
and happiness of the people than the rural mail
To many districts their daily coming like the
rising of the They the links between isolation and the
busy outside world They stimulate trade and in very large
promote education They make life hundred times
worth living wherever they go.
has recently been complained by the posoce department
Washington that the rural free delivery service dead
pense upon the has been suggested by
the system be abolished heavier harm could befa
this country There really need of the service proving
loss but though should continue loss financially it would
erheess be tremendous the of and edu
cation Not curta but widen the activity of this service
should be the aim of the government.
Atlanta semi-weekly journal. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1898-1920, 1910-06-03
COTTON BILLS OF LADLNG.

The business welfare Atlanta indeed of interior
city in Georgia SOUTH hangs for the time being the
problem of cotton bills of ladng.
In past when Atlanta dealer shipped consgn
any European purchaser he could take the
bill of adng given by the railroad here and with
roue to its destination Immediately cash his draft
the foreign bank the bulk of the souhs cotton
crop has been financed
Some ago. however certain cotton firms Alabama
alleged through number of surrepttou bills OF adng
and thereby collected European about million
dollars which had been shipped AS result OF
this the bankers of London Berlin and the exchange
buyers New York planning protection of their inter-
require from cotton shippers at interior points some IN
volabe assurance as to the genuneness all bills of ladng
this of affairs too, has risen the danger OF the
through bills adng being henceoh refused recognition and
nothing but bills of adng being accepted evidence that
really shipped Should such rule be established
would lose tremendous share of the cot
ton runous delay would fasen itself
financing of the for the shippers in Atlanta
and other would then have to wait until their
cotton had the port had reached its foreign destination be-
fore they could cash The fact is doubtful if the
cotton crop could thus be financed at all.
Very timely urgent therefore, is the movement of the
association and the Atlanta Chamber OF
the Reputation Of through bills OF ladng
considerable portion bank clearngs from the
use adng and what of this city applies to
all interior cities of the south.
the protection of the European banker
that the through ading abolished surety company,
that provide marine Insurance. be formed and
can unng buwar the foreign interests against
through unscrupulous dealings this side 1t earnestly to
hoped Cotton Buyers association will have the
every board of trade and commercial body through
out efforts form such surety The
problem is critical and it demands a speedy solution
Atlanta semi-weekly journal. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1898-1920, 1910-06-03
FROM HUDSON TO CURTTSS.

The main difference between Abrahams age diff
ference in transportation world logged camels
Now whizzes by electricity gasoline Trade and
thought then urlongs and day thousand
years they leagues and continents and thousand
years are as day determines largely what
they do and how they think.
Thus and thyseven miles of the Hudson
between Albany New York city of
history and indeed summary of all civilization for
the past three years the day when old Hendrix
Hudson spread the little Half Moon this historic
river 1914 the spring of 1910 when Glenn
opened the of his aeropane high above its blue
dates of the things call mod
ern in have FORTH and
they brought forth mostly the outcome of changed
and changing of transportation.
Hudson made the trip York Albany five days.
That the way of a sail boat
and three years later Robert Fulton made the
trip his steamboat Cmon hirtytwo hours That
the way of steamships
Tweny-egh years later 1885, the steamboat Champan
covered the route thtywo minutes
marking advancement mans knowledge of steam and
machinery.
In 1900 railroad from New York Albany in
just hours and forty minutes.
decade Curtss last Sunday leaving the
altogether the pathway through mid air
hours and thirty-Seven minutes.
Surely there is all history remark
suggestive of dates They tell the tale of mans
gradual conquest of space and time doing they
his destiny in the affairs of the universe From Hendrix
from sail boat air ship from jour-
water the progress of the stirring drama and
has all been enacted between the winding shores of Amer
lean river
Somehow or other the airy nothng of the poets magma
take local habaton and and in
ships flight have promised fufment of the
fary's cry in Millions 'Comus''-
Quickly to IS
To the corners of the moon
Atlanta semi-weekly journal. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1898-1920, 1910-06-03
THE Willy SCOUT.

In the days Of Indian fighting on our
western plains two scouts were going to
distant fort. taking a message asking
for help for a military post that was
being attacked by the redskins. The
country was so open and there were so
many rowing bands of Indians that the
scouts had 10 use the utmost care or
else they would be caught by them.
In the day time II they dared travel
at ell IT was usually on their hands and
knees so that no provling Indian could
see them. At night they would hurry
along carrying their boots, as is in their
stocking feet they made less noise.
Several times bands of warriors passed
near by, but by lying fat under the bank
CO the river they had escaped unseen.
One day they were resting behind a
little mound covered with a few dry
brush Just as a party Of Indians halted
near by. At the same time a rattIesnake
crawled out OF his hole beside them.
They were in trouble. for IL they moved
TO kill the snake the sayages would hear
them. and II the snake struck them II
would first shake its raJtles. which would
call the savages-
Then one Of the scouts had a happy
thought The snake was near him and
as he was chewing tobacco he instantly
spat at the snakes head Such vile
stun was too much for his snakeship and
away he scurried into the hole again
without once sounding the warning rat
ties
scouts finally reached the fort in safety.
Atlanta semi-weekly journal. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1898-1920, 1910-06-03
By
Frederic
j. HaSk i'm
TROUBLE IN CHINA
Mr.. Knows Policy

the policy of the open door practically
applied, would be to take the railroads
Of Manchuria out of the eastern politics
and to place them under an economic
and impartial administration by vesting
in China the ownership of its railroads;
the fund for that purpose to be furnished
by the nationals of such interested pow
ers might be willing to participate and
who are pledged to the policy of the open
door and equal opportunity"
Tokyo and st. Petersburg Immediately
and positively declined to accede to the
proposition. Other nations side-stepped.
Germany, perhaps, was more cordial than
any of the other great powers. Great
Britain, as an ally of Japan, and facing
the possibility of serious trouble with
Germany, was placed in a most embar-
RAISING position. The proposal absolute
ly failed. so far as the project of neu-
tralization was concerned.
But it resulted in clarifying the Man
churian situation. Japan and Russia
have been forced into the admission that
their occupation of Manchuria is political
and strategic, and the Chinese sover-
eighty in that territory is but a ghost
without substance or authority.
In the face of the rising tide of unrest
and dissatisfaction in China, the Rus
sian foreign office declares that the treaty
of Portsmouth involves but two parties,
Russia and Japan. This means that the
obligations to China expressed in that
treaty are to be interpreted only in the
interests of the signatory powers. 1t
means that Japan and Russia have
agreed to divide Manchuria between them
and to intrench themselves permanently
and impregnably in the land of the open
door. The world suspects the existence
of secret convention between Russia
and Japan and daily expects the promul-
cation of an open treaty between those
two empires so lately at war.
The Chinese people are greatly agitat-
ed, they are angered against the en-
croachment of foreigners, they are in
censed because the reigning dynasty
does not right their wrongs, and they are
on the point of open rebellion. Such an
outbreak would be most unfortunate
and would mean the end of all efforts to
save the Chinese empire from disruption.
For the good of the people of China, and
in the interests of the peace of the world,
Mr.. Knox has volunteered to the prince
regent to assist the Picking government
in maintaining quiet in the empire.
What is called Mr.. Knox's policy, may
be credited, in large part, to President
Taft. Mr.. Taft knows the Orient and is
a firm supporter of the traditional Amer
lean friendship for China, All that has
been done in his administration with re-
spect to Chinese affairs was foreshadow-
ed in the great speech which Mr.. Taft
delivered at Shanghai in October, 1907.
Atlanta semi-weekly journal. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1898-1920, 1910-06-03
The Farce of Official Investi-
cations.

The curse of our politics in free gov
eminent lies in the folly of pretense and
assumacy and the futility of seeking to
punish anybody who has a strong politi-
cal backing.
We all remember the unwisdom of try
ing to punish delinquents who made the
convict lease of Georgia a stencil in the
nostrils of the people of Georgia; while
the leaders were able to entrench them
selves in the highest offices of the state
These leaders occupied seats in United
States senate for years, and in the COVER
nor's chair in Georgia. 1t was like try
ing to beat back the tide to endeavor to
reform this convict lease system so long
as this state Of things prevailed.
These convict lessees actually governed
Atlanta semi-weekly journal. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1898-1920, 1910-06-03
The Fertilizer Expense on
Farms

A blind man can see that there Is 100
much expended on commercial fertlhzers
when there is so much homemade ma
nures wasted on the farms OF our couh-
try. The most of our tenant Farmers
entirely neglect this home supply.
Do not understand me as opposing the
iudicious use of commercial fertihzers-
thew are of great value, and when USED
to fill out the lack of the home supply
they are absolutely necessary, ana they
play a great part in our farm economy ;
but they are costly, and their exclusive
use actually deprives the land OF It's right
ful plant food by rapid depletion OF tue
soil. 1t is exactly like feeding the human
system with continued stimulants uhCA
the body and mind of the person COL
lapses without the constant use OF e"7
stimulants. 1t is an abnormal cohullloi,
If is unnatural and unless comDIned
With Green manures and barnyard ma
nure. no permanent Improvement can VI
will take place, and the son VIII ee' SIN
and refuse to work.
harvard manure also stimulates .iie
soil hut II is a stimulant that lasts l"r
years, wherever applied, and It's ierlil ~
inc elements are more available TOT
nIants. and more restful and enduring.
IF harvard manure is continually
hauled out and applied to land, tnere 10
no telling how long its good enec's ca"
he noticed. because it helps all laho -
plow and make it produce, provided II 10
not Moved too wet and not tranpleu I"
death nv loose stock in pasturinS'
A horse or mule Weighing l'OOO pouhus
is estimated to produce Il tons OF mahure
| In 70 months, and worth nearly $50 10 ti'e
ou,per of the horse. A COW OF average
| siz6 will produce in the neighborhooo Oh
so5 ner year-that is, if both animals are
weu-fed and housed from bad Weathei
and when absorbents like sawoust vi
wheat straw are used for beddlng the
animals to catch and hold the esseh'ie'i
nronerties of the fertilizer-as -
dropped .o,, a,erv
| with a common compost heap every
| farmer can save dollars in teruhzer anu
wake his land grow richer each year
and ~ the compost heap is covered OF -
| a. leaks lust enough to keep the conipoa'
damp, the manure will be many ''i''e0
more valuable. -e,l
| If corn and cotton Will grow -
enough on common land TO proou0e ~
h,,sheIs of corn and the fourth OF par
| 80 the acre. this compost fertlllzer haS
| -, known to increase the corn yleiu
20 % ner acre. and a half to Whoie psle
80 lotion ner acre. 1t is economy IN tn-
tart,1izer business that will make our
torr,ers rich. because the expense lol
guano that must be deducted lrohh 90
cotton crop proves eXactly what .'st,ass-
.browing away, and our own thri'ie'@
rass in losing homemade manure
Atlanta semi-weekly journal. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1898-1920, 1910-06-03
A Veterans Story of the War

Mrs. W. III. FELTON,: / am one of the
boys who followed the fortunes of the.
Twenty-second Georgia regiment from
1861 to 1865. i was in many of the hardest
fought battles of the war I name a few:
Fredericksburg, Charlottesville, Gettys-
burg, besides many others. 1 never was
wounded. My brother with me was killed
at Deep Bottom, August 16 1864 Would
say that words are inadequate to de-
scribe the suffering of the soldiers of
the army of Northern Virginia. Neither
could pen portray, If we could tell, it as
bad as it was. No one who was not
there could or would believe it.
Now, don't want to say anything 1
can't prove by comrade. 1 know what
1t is to march many weary miles, leaving
blood prints on the frozen ground and
snow, because of my bare feet. 1 know
what it is to march. fight and do duty
for number of days and nights without
food. 1 know and suffered the cold win
ter of 1863 at the United States ford on
Rappahannock river, doing duty with
scant rations and with no clothing but
Governor Browns jumpers on. In fact,
/ know all soldier life except getting kill
ed or wounded.
Well do 1 remember those signal guns
on the morning of the 18th Of December,
1862. The earth seemed to shake for a
moment. Next came the long roll. 1t
was heard at every headquarters. This
meant Ready, boys! Fail in! Prepare
to meet General Burnside" known by
some and even in history as his Burnside
Mud campaign.
description of this battle: I enclose
a few verses written by private soldief
after the battle:
ION Rappohanock's lonely banks
The shivering sentinel kept watch.
In silence from the Stafford shore
A vast, unnumbered host crept out.
"And noiselessly they bring their boats
And launch them in the deep.
They think to steal across the stream
And find our men asleep.
But harki
There came a stifled cry
From men who ever guarded this post
With keen and watchful eye.
soon peal on peal the signal guns
Rang on the morning air,
And summoned thousands of brave heart
And for the fight prepare.
1.-THE Mississippians on the left
By numbers overborne.
Firm as a rock defend their post
And dyed the stream with gore.
1.-The gallant Georgians on the right
Did win a glorious name,
And held their post tho twice assailed,
And heaped the ground with slain.
Now back across the river
The Yankee foe has fled,
And left upon the battlefield
Five thousand of his dead.
Here's a health to Longstreet,
Jackson and gallant Leei
May their names in southern heart
Never forgotten be-"
Now, in conclusion let me say there 10
no othed department in The Semi-Weekly
Journal that 1 enjoy reading as do your
pieces, and I especially like to hear from
all old soldiers. The poetry send you
| committed to memory over 40 years
ago, and would like to see them in print.
Now / wish to say that my most earn
est desire and prayer is that your last
laws may be your brightest and happiest
days on earth. Your friend and admirer.
J. NJ. BRUCE,
Co. /, I'D Ga. Regt., Wright's Brigade.
Cumming, Ga, R. F. d. No. u
Atlanta semi-weekly journal. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1898-1920, 1910-06-03

AS Colonel Roosevelt was looking over
Khartoum, the scene of that historical
battle between the English army and the
Mohammedan Arabs in 1898, the hero
of that fight, Lord Kitchener. of Khar-
toum, was on his way to look us over.
He has been making tour of Aus
tralia, examining carefully the military
resources of that country. He advocates
the establishment of military college
similar in ideals and practice to West
Point.
Upon his arrival in San Francisco he
expressed the desire to be received as a
private citizen, and that no public re-
ception be accorded him. He dislikes
society, and across the big water is
known as a woman hater." In Japan,
where Lord Kitchener recently visited,
from all the state entertainments given
even the pretty geisha girls were barred
in his honor.
Atlanta semi-weekly journal. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1898-1920, 1910-06-03
The Ideal LAYING Hen

A good laying hen should conform as
nearly as possible to the following points.
% She must be healthy; (0 comb,
wattles and face, red in color; (3) eye
bright and lustrous; "a neck not short.
but rather medium to long; co. breast
broad and long. sloping upward; Co back,
long and broad; CD abdomen, wide and
deeper than breast; 81 shanks, well
spread and rather long; (9 V-shaped in
three ways, viz, (a) on sides, front to
rear, OBJ top and bottom, front to rear.
Co base of tail, downwards; QO) well
spread tail.
Atlanta semi-weekly journal. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1898-1920, 1910-06-03
NOTICE TO SUBSCRIBERS

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Atlanta semi-weekly journal. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1898-1920, 1910-06-03
In a Country Hotel

Guest: Got any ham?
Girl (after looking at bill of farce;
Amt got any.
Guest: Got any eggs?
Girl docking AGAIN.: Amt got any
Guest: Well, what have you got?
Girl docking once more): Ham-and-
Atlanta semi-weekly journal. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1898-1920, 1910-06-03
A FINANCIAL TIP

ln0Te Hdu DScu
more or less per-
sihage in the
smoking room,
A n d one fell
low had gotten
off the wheeZe
about children
being the coup
ons clipped off
the bonds of mat
rimony.
by the way"
Atlanta semi-weekly journal. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1898-1920, 1910-06-03
DiSSipated DeIiCaCieS

Landlady: Will you try these stewed
prunes, Mr.. Goodly?
He with a shudder): Emo, think
I'll wait till they sober up.
Atlanta semi-weekly journal. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1898-1920, 1910-06-03

chipped in one man, why do they REFER
to marriage as the bonds of matrimo-
ny?"
Because" answered one cynical chap,
"the interest ceases after about 20
years."
Atlanta semi-weekly journal. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1898-1920, 1910-06-03
FibrOuS Food

Guest: Say, this sandwich has splin-
tiers in it.
waiter: Well. what do you expect in
a club sandwich?
Atlanta semi-weekly journal. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1898-1920, 1910-06-03

The insurgents have been routed in
Nicaragua Cannon too much for them
down there.
Atlanta semi-weekly journal. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1898-1920, 1910-06-03

railroad bill again blocked by amend
ments." One instance where the block
system isn't an advantage.