davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1910-08-16
new DAIRY RECORD

It remained for the Missouri Col
lege Of Agriculture at Columbia, Mis-
souri,, to raise and develop the Cham
pion Dairy Cow of all the world. Mis-
sori Chief Josephine, a Holstein-Frle-
sian COW finished her six months test
on July 18th. producing 1T00S.S
pounds, and average of 1914 pounds OF
milk daily for 1872 days. This is equiva-
lent to 46.7 quarts, or Ills gallons
every day. Her highest record for one
day was 1902 pounds. This record is
the more remarkable because no.
special preparation had been made
for this test and Josephine has done
her full duty in the regular dairy
herd of the University, having had
five calves in five and one-half years.
Not only has this record smashed
all previous worlds records for milk
production, but the per cent. Of butter
fat is increasing daily, so that, barring
accidents this COW will undoubtedly
produce more butter during period
of twelve months than any other COW
that has ever been tested IN tho
world.
This COW is but one Of number OF
remarkable cows owned by the Uni,
versity Of Missouri and maintained
solely for the instruction of its stu
dents in Agriculture and for invest1ga-
tional purposes. Only twenty Jersey
cows in the history Of the world have
produced more than 700 pounds OF
butter In one year. Five of these
cows, or rs per cent. of the total num-
Der are owned and were bred by this
Missouri institution. The College
owns more than 800 pure bred and
registered animals, belonging to II
distinct breeds.
Josephine's record exceeds the pres
ent worlds record for six months by
1883 pounds.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1910-08-16
HIGH PRICES IN MALAYSIA.

Consul General James T. Du Bots,
Of Singapore, notes that the cost of
living in the Straits Settlements has
increased with the upward trend of
foodstuffs throughout the world. A
medium quality of bacon costs 80
cents a pound; beef. IT; butter, 81;
chickens, 10; capons. %; ham, 81;
lard, IA; pork, 20; turkey, 40; salt.
"; sugar, s; tea, "a; coffee, 10: on
ions, s; cucumbers ~; celery, 8; po-
tatoes, Az; rice, 8 "; bananas, per
dozen; eggs, 81 per dozen: fresh milk.
II per quart: bread. s1z per loaf.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1910-08-16
PACKING APPLES
PROPERLY FOR
The MARKET

Never ship bruised fruit, because
every bruise means quick decay and
rotting fruit never brings its cost on
the market. Some growers harvest
their fruit by shaking 1t onto tha
ground on beds Of straw placed around
the trees or knocking 1t of with poles
and clubs Fruit gathered In this way
Is almost worthless.
Fruit should be picked In bags or
baskets slung around the picker's neck
In order that he may use both hands
and every individual fruit should be
laid. not thrown, into the receptacle.
Growers Of fine oranges have learned
that even tho slight abrasions made
by the picker's fnger-nails will cause
decay, and in many orchards the pick
ers are provided with gloves to prevent
injury VI. this kind.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1910-08-16

to the best farmers-the ones who
love and understand their work. Nc
man can succeed at any work he does
not love. The farmer who does not
love his work, who does not love his
stock. his crops, his very home, is not
likely to make the success that the
make.
No class of work requires a higher
grade OF training or special qualifica-
tons than farming.
The Southern farmer has been
sleeping upon his oars. The fish have
been striking all around. He has been
batting the hook and the other fellow
has been doing the "stringing.."
The cry Of "back to the farm" is
yelled the loudest by those who have
an ak to grind. 1t is usually the rail
road president who notices decreased
tonnage, or the real estate man. who
has farm lands for sale.
The restoration of rural life depends
upon the farmers themselves. They
alone must solve the problem and up
on them depends the saving of the
rural South to the white race.
The cotton crop of the South is made
by the "onehorse" farmer; the little
fellow in the fork of the creek: the
little fellow who drives a mouse-col-
ored mule (for which he paid an ex-
orbitant price) to cheap pillow Chat
cost him dearly) the little fellow who
actually plows the ground, plants the
seed, cultivates the crop and picks it
with the aid of his blue eyed babies
and wife He is the backbone Of the
South.
If the world depends upon the big
cotton plantation owners for cotton it
would go almost naked. They are
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1910-08-16

Lawyers. doctors, civil engineers and
architects are professional men. They
spend years and years of constant
study to attain that knowledge that
will fit them for the front ranks of
their professions. Only those who do
study ever make great success. A
man cannot be great surgeon simply
because his father was. He must study.
for the knowledge of his father cannot
be inherited, nor can it be passed on
simply by word Of mouth. While the
son Of an architect may be gifted with
certain talent, he, too, must study, for
the talent will avail him little unless
he knows mathematics.
Few men in life have made a sue
cess without education, and those few
who have, have had Unborn shrewdness
to employ educated men or use edu-
Gated men to formulate plans to carry
out their schemes. The lack of edu-
cation has whetted their ambition to
"be somebody" and to be somebody
they must have aid. Therefore they
turn to the man with the education
along the line they wish to move.
The surgeon studies for years before
he ever touches a knife or instrumen
1t would be impossible for him to be-
come a surgeon, either by watching
the work of others or by experiment.
ing alone on human bodies. He must
first possess knowledge of anatomy.
And how is it with the man upon
whom the whole world leans?
How is it with the man who II he
would quit his work for sixty days
could paralyze mines, railroads, cities
and towns; who could wreck banks,
overthrow governments and make gold
as worthless as clay?
We speak of the farm er-the very
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1910-08-16
AUGUST WORK IN THE GARDEN

Apply fertilizers to gross feeders in
midsummer, and give plenty of water.
Shear and trim all foliage plants to
keep in good shape E e&
During the hot months pansies will
not bloom much; try cutting the plant
back for fall Towering. Hot weather
blooming weakens the plant.
Mulch dahlias, cannas, caladiums
and like plants with coarse manure
and deluge with water. If water can
not be had, withhold the manure, as
manure alone is drying
Fine, we1l-rotted manure is good
mulch for tea roses. Prune by cut
ting the blossoms lavishly with long
stems, in order to induce vigorous
blooming branches.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1910-08-16
Applies wrapped In Paper
In Boxes.

Next to proper picking comes grad
ing. and many growers consider this
the most important operation In pre-
pairing fruit and vegetables for mar
ket. This work can best be started In
the field with the growing Of the crop.
Careful cultivation means fewer culll
and less expense for sorting and grad
ing.
Usually fruits and vegetables ars
divided into three grades. "Firsts'' o.
Primes" Seconds" And "Culls."
"Firsts'' must be uniform N size. color
and shape. Of an oven desree of ripe-
ness. and free from insecks il t;:ss3'a1
bruises and ali other defects. Sec.
onds" must be good. fairly uniform
specimens. not noticeably marked b.
insects or other damage. "Culls'' arr
those specimens which are left.
Each package should be filed witt
the Same grade throughout II this Il
done the top layer may be faced BY
arranging one to three layers OF fruit
to increase the attractiveness Of the
package. This 10 honest and perfectly
legitimate, provided tho entire con-
tents are of the same grade as those
placed on top.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1910-08-16
COAL ASHES.

Little value attaches to coal ashes a
fertilizer. In some classes Of soil IL
might be beneficial to use ~ a me-
chanical agent but 1t would have little
other value. In closely compacted
soils or clays the mechanical action Of
coal ashes might be in measure
beneficial by loosening the substance
of the soil and permitting freer cir
culation Of air and water, though the
use Of such ashes Is Of doubtful value.
Any soil which could be improved
in this mechanical way would doubt
less be equally improved by the growth
Of clover, alfalfa, cowpeas or some
other legume the long roots Of which
would have the effect Of loosening up
the soil, of adding a quantity of humus
to 1t when the crop il plowed under,
and of fertilizing 1t very materially by
the development Of the nitrogen So
GREETING bacteria on the roots.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1910-08-16
CARE IN HANDLING WAX.

There is probably no product Of the
apiary that shows a greater percent
age Of loss than in the wax that is lost
by imperfect methods of extracting It
from the comb. Wax brings a good
price at all times, requires no particu-
lar care to keep If desired to hold for
any season. can be shipped at any
time and in any manner without dan
ger Of injury in transit. so that every
ounce that can be saved means
just so much saved to show on
the right side Of the account for the
year.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1910-08-16

axle upon which the wheel of life
itself turns.
Agriculture is the axle Of the world
Money is the hub. Commerce is the
spokes and rim that completes the
wheel. The grease that will prevent
a hot box is agricultural education.
Grease" the brains of our boys and
girls and the wagon will run easy. The
load will be success
But some may be asking what the
motive power is There is none yet
save the natural law Of gravitation and
momentum. The wagon Of life is only
coasting. 1t will take long time to
reach the bottom OF the hill--the
valley Of Observation-Disclosures the
lands have been robbed and impover-
fshed and the nations Of earth will
starve. But by that time a new motive
power will have been found. 1t will
be Ambition. who with bowed neck
ana sturdy legs, champing upon the
bit OF resolution will pull the load to
the top of the hill
But enough Of dreaming and back
to earth now.
Farming is business-just as any
other occupation, Yet it is the most
neglfgently conducted of all.
The average farmer is one because
his father was or because his lot made
him one. And his son will probably
be farmer, too, because he knows
more about farming than anything
else. Yet unless this boy has caught
the true spirit Of the farm and loves
the work: unless he sees the beauty
of the life that throbs in everything
around him-he cannot make a sue
cess and will farm simply to make a
living.
The love Of farming is peculiar only
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1910-08-16

SIT In uncomfortable rural schools and
be taught by teachers who know little
more than themselves-just so long
Will they want to leave the farms and
seek the crowded cities and towns
with their glamour Of life
1t cannot be denied Except dishon-
estly) that city life Is pleasanter than
country life In the South.
1t Is easy enough for glib-tongued
writer's to dream Of the limpid
streams, the song Of birds, the smell
OF new-turned earth and the whistle Of
the barefoot boy in the field. But the
limpid streams are far. far fewer than
stagnant bayous, and baked fields and
red gullies are in greater evidence than
the new-turned earth. Tired, worn
out. disconnected boys are far more
numerous than the whistling kind.
No wonder boys and girls leave the
farms. No wonder they do not love
their home as they should. and all
the talk in the world telling them Of
the evils of city life will not dis
courage that desire to go there.
The city boy or girl who goes to the
country to live is rarely ever content.
He or she does not like the quiet and
the Inconvenience and longs to get
back to town. It Is far easier to alien
ate country boy from country life
than 1t is to make a city boy forget
the city.
We want the boys and girls to love
the farm, the growing crops. the
sweet-scented clover. the blooming
orchards, blooded stock, etc. and to
think out the problems of life as typi-
fed In the mysteries of nature. And
we want them to hate conditions that
deprive them of the ability to love
., M strive for such things
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1910-08-16

planters only in name. They hold and
control thousands Of acres. but they
sublet their lands to ignorant negroes
and sap living from these.
The greatest curse of the South to-
day is its big plantations and the sub
letting Of these lands to negro tenants.
1t is running the rural South to the
white race.
There Is certain farmer in Chester
county, Tenn, (and there are thou
sands like him) who owns little farm
of sixty acres. It is Jewel. He lives
upon 1t; buys nothing save sugar, salt,
coffee, clothes, and farm implements
and tools. Yet his dear little home Is
entirely surrounded by negro share
troopers" and his closest white neigh
Dor Is eight miles away He fears to
leave his wife at home in the day
time and Is afraid to send his little
girls to the county school. He Is pros
porous enough to send them to. col
lege. but hates to take them from their
mother, who would be all alone dur
ing the long, long day. He has every
thing on his farm to make life attrac-
tive, music, books, etc, except decent
companionship.
Oh, the pity Of such cases!
And yet there is a solution to these
terrible problems that face the South
ern farmers. 1t cannot be worked by
the back to the farm cries It can
be worked only by the farmers them
selves.
The beginning point must be with
our boys and girls. Just so long as
they have to gaze upon black cotton
stalks all fall. winter and spring. just
so long as they must live in isolation
and be denied the pleasure of COM
partnership; just SO long as they must
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1910-08-16
SHOUT BEETLES
INJURE NUTS
and FRUIT

Nuts are attacked by great variety
Of insects but the most serious in
3uries arc done by moths and snout
beetles. The larvae of several species
Of moths may be found in chestnuts,
beechnuts. hickorynuts, hazelnuts and
-Acorns, particularly in nuts that have
their shells broken 50 as to permit
Sasy entrance to the kernel by the
insects. The damage wrought by the
Dlass OF insects known as snout bee
Ties, however. is greatly in excess Of
that done by all other kinds combined.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1910-08-16
GROWING BLACKBERRIEs PROF.
1TABLY.

The most important thing in grow
ing blackberries successfully is a
moist soil, not one In which water
will stand, but one rich enough in
humus to hold sufficient moisture to
carry the plant through the growing
season.
ind that the best results will be
obtained If the blackberry bushes are
planted in the fall, in October or NO
vember, setting the smaller growing
varieties 6xs feet apart.
Thorough cultivation throughout the
season will help in a material degree
to hold the moisture necessary to
perfect good crop.
The soil should be cultivated very
shallow, so as not to disturb the roots
Of the plants. Breaking the roots
starts a large number Of suckers
which have to be cut out and de-
stroyed.
Blackberries, like dewberries and
raspberries. bear but one crop on the
cane. That is, canes which spring
up one year, bear the next year.
From three to six canes are suf-
ncient to be kept In each hill. The
supernuous ones must be thinned out
as soon as they start from the ground.
The old canes should be cut off
soon after fruiting and burned.
The new shoots must be pinched
back at the height Of two or three
feet II the plants are to support them
selves.
II they are to be fastened to wires,
he oil fN
through the season and be cut back
when tied to the wires in the winter
or early spring-W. Hanson, Illinois.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1910-08-16
HAULING MANURE.

Manure can be hauled and scattered
over some portion OF the farm every
month Of the year to good advantage.
It lie much better to leave it on the
land than In the barn yard or in piles
near the farm buildings. The manure
spreader is a wonderful help in light
ening the work of unloading and OBJ
tanning an even distribution over the
soil.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1910-08-16
PROTECT FROM THE HEAT.

Provide shade for the little pigs
during the hot weather. Their skin Is
tender and scalds and blisters easily
under the scorching rays of the sun.
They cannot do we'll unless given such
reasonable protection from the wealth
er as most every farmer can DR.
with trifling or no expense.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1910-08-16
TO TIE A CORK IN A BOTTLE.

First make a loop in piece Of
strong twine and pass both ends
through at B and A. Place the loop
over the neck of the bottle and draw
1t snugly at A and tie in hard knot
at B, when there will be string on
both sides of the bottle to tie firmly
over the cork, also a handy loop to
handle the bottle with.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1910-08-16

Nearly all plants thrive best if given
plenty of breathing space, either by
spacing when transplanting, or by
pruning off the side branches. Many
plants give larger and better bloom for
this vigorous looping off.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1910-08-16
WoRK.A-DAY NOTES.

Not too late to sow late turnips.
Give the young pigs little new
oats.
Watch the sheep for foot rot, and do
not wait an hour to pare the hoof and
apply blue stone and tar.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1910-08-16

Some persons have a notion that
pure bred stock is less hardy than
scrub stock, but it is altogether an
erroneous idea. for it has been proven
time and again to be falacious.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1910-08-16
Nuts Showing Work of Shout Beetles

The term "snout beetle" is applied
TO the adults OF coup Of insects
on account of the peculiar structure
of the head, the front part Of which
Is prolonged into a snout or prohoscis.
In some species this snout is short and
stout and in others it is long and
slender and wire-like. In the females
of some Of the nut weevils it is longer
than the rest of the body. The mouth
which is armed with a minute but
strong pair of jaws, is situated on the
apex Of the snout and the apendage is
used for piercing or puncturing vari-
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1910-08-16
Apple Curculios at Work.

Gus kinds of plant tissue to obtain food
and to provide an opening in which
to deposit eggs.
The plum curculio is a snout beetle
about one-fifth Of an inch long. It is
armed with a curved snout one-third
as long as the body.
The snout of the apple curculio Is
almost as long as the rest Of the body,
or three times the length Of that Of
other species. This snout is carried
projecting forward like an elephants
trunk, as is the case with the plum
snout beetle. -
In attacking the fruit the apple
curculio bores through the skin, in a
manner similar to that of the other
species. but after, the puncture is COM
pleted and the egg laid, only an indis-
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1910-08-16

Why not screen the windows of the
stables
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1910-08-16
Egss Of Shout Beetle Deposited Il
Hickory, Hazel and Chestnuts.

tfnct speck is left on the surface to
mark the place Of an injury whereas
the plum curculio makes the conspic-
uous crescent-shaped mark.
The larvae Of most of the species Of
beetles and curculio remain in the nuts
and fallen fruit some time after they
drop to the ground. If these are all
gathered carefully and thoroughly and
the worthless ones fed to hogs or
burned many larvae will be destroyed
and the generation Of beetles that
would injure' the next seasons nuts be
greatly reduced.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1910-08-16

Get rid Of the undesirable hens this
month.
Iowa state bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1894-1916, 1910-06-17
ALBA. IOWA.

Mr., and Mrs. Grayson Of Hooking
was in Abba Sunday:
Mrs. Maggie Gordon Of Bussey and
Mrs. Orea Marshall Of Denver return-
ed to Abba. Mrs. Gordon spent Sum
day with her sister Mrs. Boman.
Sunday was stewardess and childrens
day at the A. M. E. church.
Madame Sallie M. Downs gave her
piano recital at the A. M. E. church
Friday evening. Every one seemed to
like the evenings entertainment.
Mr.. and Mrs, Endeth Lewis and little
son William Of Oskaloosa spent Sunday
at the Lewis parental home.
Quite number Of strangers were in
Abba the past week.
The Dunbar club met at the home OF
Mrs. H. Jones on Thursday afternoon.
They talked over the work but did not
render a program. Luncheon was
served by the hostess and Mrs. Hene-
retta Jones.
Quarterly meeting will be held at the
A. M. E. church June 10 by the pastor.
A few of our Abba people contem-
plate attending theSunday School con-
vention at Ottumwa on June the 14th'
The Abba delegate is Mr.. Ed Butler.
The John Brown Association will
meet in Abba the three last days In
June, %. tn 18th and 3Oth. Some Fgooo
speakers are to be at this meeting.
Iowa state bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1894-1916, 1910-06-17
DAVENPORT NOTES.

Rev. D. A. Holmes Of the Third Bap-
tist church preached his farewell SER
mon last Sunday night. On Monday
evening the officers and members tend
cred him farewell reception. An ex-
cellent program was rendered, Mrs.
Libbie Sanders acting as mistress of
ceremonies. The Sunday School was
represented by Mrs. Frances Baker;
the laymen by Mr.. Kimball; the Calvary
Baptist church by Rev. Rolin, who de-
livered fine address, in which he mem
toned the resolution drawn up by the
City Ministers Alliance, Of which Rev.
Holmes was a member, commencing
him upon the excellent work done by
him while in the city.
Rev. T. B. Stovall, pastor Of Bethel
A. M. E. church, represented his congre-
CATION. He commented on the close
relation which existed between the two
congregations and the great work
which had been accomplished through
this union. The mandolin club Of which
Mr.. Binum and Mr.. Howard are MEM
bers rendered some excellent music.
Mrs. Hattie Hoskins read an excellent
farewell paper. She Also mentioned
1.-THE excellent work done by Rev.
Holmes during his pastorate in the city
and wished he and his most excellent
wife unparalleled success in their new
field of labor in Fayette, Mo. After
the rendition Of the program light re-
freshments were served by the ladies.
Miss Ella McGaw arrived home Sun
day night from Mt. Pleasant, whittier
she went as delegate for Bethel A. M.
E. Sunday School. She reports very
pleasant and interesting session.
Mrs. S. v. Bean of Crystal City, Mo.
arrived in our city Sunday morning to
visit relatives and friends. She expects
to remain all summer ann return to her
school in September.
Mrs. D. S. Johnson returned home
Sunday night after spending several
days in Mt. Pleasant visiting her father
and attending the Sunday School con-
vention.
The members Of Bethel A. M. E.
church will give lath shower on Wed
nesday evening. Light rsfreshment
will be served by the ladies'.
4 . C. d . b. Z .