The Greenville journal. [volume] (Greenville, Ohio) 1850-1918, 1910-01-13
Makes Recommendations as to Com
merce Law and the Trusts
WOULD CONSTITUTE A SPECIAL COURT
Judges to Have Power Act in Certain Specified Cases
Wisdom of Federal Incorporation of Indus
trial Companies Suggested---Scope
of Present LawToo Wide

time when the business of the court of
commerce does not require the services
of all the judges to reassign the judges
designated to that court to the circuits
to which they respectively belong; and 1t
should also provide for payment to
such judges while sitting by assignment
in the court of commerce of such addi-
tional amount as Is necessary to bring
their annuol compensation up to $4,000.
Only Second to Supreme Court.
The regular sessions of such court
should be held at the capitol, but 1t
should be empowered to hold sessions in
different parts OF the United States If
found desirable: and its orders and judg
ments should be made final, subject only
to review by the supreme court of the
United States with the provision that
the operation of the decree appealed
from shall not be stayed unless the su-
preme court shall so order. The COM
merce court should be empowered in its
discretion to restrain or suspend the OPP
GRAFTON of an order of the interstate COM
merce commission under review pending
the final hearing and determination OF
the proceeding, but no such restraining
order should be made except upon no.
tice and after hearing, unless in cases
where irreparable damage would other
wise ensue to the petitioner. judge
of that court might be empowered to al
low a stay Of the commissions order for
a period of not more than 60 days, but
pending application to the court of its
order or injunction, then only where MS
order shall contain a specific finding
based upon evidence submitted to the
Judge making the order and Identified ~
reference thereto that such irreparable
damage would result to the petitioner,
ha pf do
Under the existing law, the interstate
commerce commission itself initiates and
defends litigation in the courts for the
enforceemnt or In the defense of its or
ders and DEGREES, and for this purpose 1t
employs attorneys, who, while subject to
the control of the attorney general, act
upon the initiative and under the instruc-
tions of the commission. This blending
of administrative, legislative and judi
cial functions tends, in my opinion, to
impair the efficiency of the commission
by clothing 1t with partisan Characters
tics and robbing it of the impartial judi
cial attitude 1t should occupy in pass
ing upon questions submitted to 1t. In
my opinion all litigation Affecting the
government should be under the direct
control Of the department of justice; and
therefore recommend that all proceed
ings affecting orders and DEGREES of the
interstate commerce commission be
brought by or against the United states
co nomine, and be placed in charge Of an
assistant attorney general acting under
the direction of the attorney general.
Would Permit Agreements.
In view Of the complete control over
rate-making, and other practices of in
terstate carriers established by the acts
of congress, and as recommended in this
communication, l see no reason why
agreemnts between carriers subject to
the act, specifying the classidcations Of
freight and the rates, fares and charges
for transportation of passengers and
freight which they may agree to estab-
lish should not be permitted provided,
| copies of such agreemnts be promptly
filed with the commission, but subject to
| all the provisions of the interstate COM
| merce act, and subject to the right of
any parties to such agreemnt to cancel it
as to all or any of the agreed rates,
fares. charges, or classif1cations by 30
| days notice in writing to the other par
| ties and to the commission.
Under the existing law the commits
| sion can only act with respect to an al
legged excessive rate or unduly discrimin-
atory practice by carrier on a COM
| plaint made by some individual affected
| thereby see no reason why the COM
mission should not be authorized to act
|
| complaint Of an individual in investigat-
ing the fairness Of any existing rate or
practice; and l recommend the amend
| ment of the law to so provide; and also
| that the commission shall be fully en-
! powered, beyond any question, to pass
| upon the classfications of commodities
| for purpose of fixing rates, In like man
ner as it may now do with respect to the
maximum rate applicable to any trans
| portation.
Existing Law Powerless.
Under the existing law the commission
may not investigate an increase in rates
until after 1t shall become effective and
| although one or more carriers may file
with the commission a proposed increase
in rates or change in classlfcations. OF
other alteration of the existing rates OF
| classfications, to become effective at the
expiration of 80 days from such filing, nc
| proceeding can be taken to investigate
the reasonableness of such proposed
change until after 1t becomes operative
On the other hand, IL the commission
shall make an order finding that an ex'
| listing rate is excessive, and directing II
to be reduced, the carrier affected may
by proceedings in the courts, stay the
| operation of such order of reduction fol
| months, and even years. 1t has, there
| fore, been suggested that the commits
sion should be empowered whenever 6
proposed increase in rates is filed, a
once to enter upon an investigation o.
the reasonableness of the increase, anc
to make an order postponing the effec
tive date of such increase until aftel
such investigation shall be completed. Tt
this much objection has been made OF
the part of carriers. They contend tha
this would be in effect to take from th'
owners of the railroads the management
of their properties and to clothe the in
terstate commerce commission with thu
original rate-making power-a policy
which was much discussed at the timt
of the passage of the Hepburn act IL
1866, and which was then and has al
ways been distinctly rejected; and in re
ply to the suggestion that they are able
by resorting to the courts, to stay thu
taking effect of the order of the commits
sion until it's reasonableness shall have
been Investigated by the courts, where
as, the people are deprived of any sucl
remedy with respect to action by thu
carriers, they point to the provisions o
the interstate commerce act providing fo
restitution to the shippers by carriers, o
excessive rates charged in cases wher'