The Richmond Virginian. (Richmond, Va.) 1910-1920, 1910-06-07
ADDRESS RECEIVED
WITH ENTHUSIASM
fCon.tnued from First Page. {,

WuH MllIUJlnulU
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southern continent. There followed
an thrush OF huge, or swift or formi-
dable creatures which had attained
their development in the fierce COM
| petition of the arctogeal realm. Ele-
! plants. cameis, horses. tapirs. swine,
saber- toothed tigers. big cats. wolves,
bears. deer. crowded into South
! America, warning each against the
! other incomers and against the old
! long -extsting forms A riot of life
! followed. Not only was the char
acter OF the South American fauna
! totally changed by the invasion of
these creatures from the north, which
I soon swarmed over the continent. but
II wac also changed through the de-
velopment wrought IN the old tnhabi-
/ tants by the severe competition to
I which they were exposed. Many or
the smaller or less capable types died
out. Others developed enormous bulk
or complete armor protection. and
thereby saved themselves from the
new beasts. In consequence South
America soon became populated with
various new species OF mastodona
saber-toothed tigers, camels. horses.
deer, cats, wolves hooved creatures
OF strange shapes and some OF them
OF giant size. all of these being de-
scended from the immigrant types:
and side by side with them there
grew UP large autochthonous ungu-
lates. giant ground sioshs weil-nigh
as large as elephants, and armored
creatures as bulky as an OK but
structuraIiy of the armadillo or ant
eater type; and some OF these latter
. hal thGty actually
In their turn wandered north over
the isthmus and invaded North Amer
lea. A fauna as varied as that OF
Africa to-day as abundant in species
I and individuals, even more note
worthy because of its huge sfse or odd
type and because OF the terrific Prov
ess Of tho more formidable flesh
eaters, was thus developed In South
America, and fiourished for a period
which human history would call very
fong indeed, but which geoiogically
was short
Racial Differences.
AN chronological map of Europe, in
which the peoples were divided &C.
cording to their physical and racial
characteristics, such as stature. col
Grafton and shape of head. would bear
no resem 6iance whatever to a mar
giving the political divisions. the ma.
tionalities. OF Europe; while, on the
contrary, q linguistic map would show
general correspondence between
speech and nationality. The northern
Frenchmsn 10 in blood and physica
type more nearly allied to bis German.
speaking height Dor than TO the French
man OF the Mediterranean sea board
and tho latter. in his turn. In neare,
to the Catalan than to the man who
6wells beside the channel or Alonl
the tributaries OF the Rhine. But Ii
essential characteristfca in the quail
ties that tell in the makeup Of . ma
tionality. all these kinds OF Frenchmer
feel keenly that they are one and NJ,
different from all outsiders. their dtf
ferences dwtndung into tnsisnifacanc,
compared with the extraordinary ar
bring them together and wall them of
from tho outside world. The same 4
true when we compare the German
who dwells where tho Alpine spring
OF the Danube ana the Rhine inter
Lace, with the physically different Ger
man OF tho Baltic lands The sam
is true of Kentishman, Corniahmal
and Yorkshireman in England.
I'm dealing. not with groups OF hu
man beings in simple and primitiv
relations. but with highly complex
A8AAy bRCIAaithrds cANAA1ou VI SCAxal
civilized societiea. there Is need o
great caution In drawing analogue
with what has occurred in the deyel
cpment OF tho animal world. Ye
even In these caseA Il u curious 4
sec how some Of the phenomena 4
the growth and disappearance OF thes
complex, artificial groupa OF humal
beings resemble what has hAppene
in myriads OF instances In tho his
tory OF life on this planet
) Why Empires FaA.
} Why do great artificial empires
whose citixens arc knit by q bond O
speech and culture much more than b
: a bond of blood, show periods Of ex
J ltsaordinaFy growth. ana again OF vud
] den or lingering decay? In some case
we can answer readily enough;
other cases we cannot ~ yet owe
guess what the proper answer shoul
| be. II In any such casa tho centri
! fugai forces overcome the contripetA
> the nation will Of course ny to pieceI
and the reason for its failure to be
come q dominant force In patent (
every one. The minute that the spirl
which gnds tts healthy development I
local self-government, and n the anti
dote to the dangorn Of N extreme con
tralisation, develops into uaere parttc
ularism, into inability to combine 81
fsctiveiy for achievement Of = c0HSno
end. then II II hopeless to expe<
} great resulta- Poland and certain re
y publics OF the Western Hemtspher
Q are the standard examples Of fAilur
: OF this kindj and the United State
8 would have ranked with them. and Il
i name would have become . byword Z
L -