The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1910-12-31
Push Good Roads Cam
paiGn in All Parts
Of County


neer. and conseryes the moneys, re-
srting in enduring, permanent work
at minimum cost.
The use Of any material for bridges,
culyerts, Or surfacing OF road that
will not resist the elements, and sus-
tain the wear Of travel, is reprehen-
sibie indeed; such makeshifts should
rot be countenanced or permitted if
permanent construction be- intended
or desired.
Build for all time, and It's cheap
at any cost; and where the moneys
are derived from the voting of bonds
posterity has every right to expect
that there will be something left for
them that will at least endure until
the bonds mature; but temporary CON
struction and makeshifts, without ade
quate plans and estimates, will be for
ever calling for continuous expendi-
ture for maintenance, and prove, as
has been demonstrated in the past,
AN expensive luxury to the taxpayer
Education is the one great factor
that makes the engineer a necessity
in road location and construction His
training for the purpose qualities him
ITO obtain results; whereas one unedu-
Gated and unframed usually leaves us
in the mud
"A mixture Of soil or dirt and water
i produces mud, the depth of consis-
tency being determined by the guam
tily Of water present 'Tis simply a
question OF cause and effect; remove
and prevent the water from obtaining
access to the soils, and subsequent
evaporation and absorption will leave
only dry soils OF dirt remaining after
bud hole is drained. Such a simple
remedy for the treatment OF mud
hole surely can be applied by any
ordinary mortal, though he be not edu-
Gated or skilled in the work. Where
is the mortal who is willing to admit
he does not know enough to run water
down hiH?
"In the location Of a road or high
way, survey of the route will locate
the road SO as to obtain the shortest
distances between the two points to
lie connected. DO not deviate from
straight line between these two points,
except where first cost would be
greatly reduced by locating on a more
circuitous route, either to avoid heavy
cuts through hills or high embank-
nlents across valleys, or in case prop
erty through which the road would
pass would be excessively damaged.
After location is determined, grades
and drainage follow, and both should
receive careful attention and consider
aion at the hands Of the engineer
FIRST, the grade line must be estab
l:shed, to reduce the hills, and fill the
/ yalleys. and bring the roadway to a
maxi, am uniform slope or grade, OF
easy ascent and descent; not to
steep, SO as to permit heavy loads to
be hauled without oyertaxing the
team, and where long ascents obtain,
rests or level sections should be intro
duced in the grade line at proper in
! tervals, to enable the teams to obtain
a breathing place and take the loads
off the collars. This will materially
increase the tonnage that can be
draws and be factor in determining
ItIie value of the road commercially, as
the steep sections of the road limit
Ithe tonnage though the major portion
OF the road may be practically level.
Hence the economy Of keeping down
steep grades by cutting the hills as far
as practical. even at a greater initial
cost After locating route and estab-
fishing grade lines, the material neces-
sary for construction of embankment
should be borrowed in such manner as
to leave perfect drainage in both
bitches, and TO permit free run-off of
the storm water, for perfect drainage
and proper diyerting of storm waters
and the basic principles in the con-
struction and maintenance Of good
roads
The question of proper and perfect
drainage is an essential feature, and
is the principal factor in determining
the cost OF road maintenance. Avoid
concentration Of storm water, and do
rot attempt to carry it long distances
in the upper ditch to save the cost OF
an additional culvert. Dispose of &
at the first opportunity, and it will
cease to add to the problems that
confront US in road construction. When
an embanlunent across a waterway
imposes as a dam. and obstructs the
free run-on OF the storm water, pro
vide a culvert under and across the
roadway Of adequate size to accommo-
date the storm water from each drain
age area centering at each waterway,