The Salt Lake herald-Republican. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1909-1918, 1910-07-18
N-MAGNETICB BOAT
USED FOR science
Carnegie Institute Sends Out
Craft That viii Not
Defect Compass.
TO SAFEGUARD SHIPPING
MOST SEA DISASTERS COME
FROM DEVIATION OF NEEDLE.

New York. July 17.-seafaring men
the world over. and scholars and scien-
lists in the great educational institu-
lions OF this country and abroad are
watching with great interest the prep
arations for departure that are being
made by the crew Of "a curious little
vessel now lying at anchor in the broad
harbor Of New York
The trim little craft that waves from
Dossing ferryboats toss lightly about,
while muscular stevedores and brown
skinned sailors carry aboard cases Of
supplies, Is the sca-EoinE yacht. the
Carnegie. She is known better 20 the
shipping world and among marine men
as the norma gnetiC" yacht. the only
ship Of her kind in existence
The voyage on which the Carnegie
viii embark within the next few weeks
will not be finished for ten years Her
mission is 20 enhance the value OF the
ships compass to the navigator by ac-
complishing a systematic magnetic sur
vey Of the globe.
Danger from Compass Deviation.
Marine records show that more ship
wrecks have been caused by compass
errors than by any other cause. and
the fatalities incident to vessels going
into waters whore the attraction from
shore is powerful enough 90 influence
ships compass more than mile
away are appalling In number.
An example OF this fearful marine
danger may be found in the waters
surrounding the Madeiras and the Ber-
muda islands. Because OF their volcanic
origin these islands are covered with
great deposits OF magnetic iron ore. As
a vessel approaches these shores. the
compass needle shifts its position In
answer 90 the attraction of the mineral
deposits. and before scamon learned TO
allow for this attraction in shaping
their course. hundreds OF lives were lost
by ships being steered on the rocky
reefs UN tnolr captains.
Il is the contention or the depart
mcnt Of terrestrial magnetism OF the
Carnegie institute that a ship IN the
construction OF which iron has been
used eXerts just as much influence over
the compass aboard her as do shore
attractions. To prove this theory. and
10 gather data concerning it. the yacht
Carnegie was built.
ship Built without Ircn.
The Carnegie is wooden sailing yes
sci. brigantinc rugged. carrying 1890
are, Length over all. l55 feet S inches.
length on water line. 12S feet inches;
beam. 33 feet depth Of hold. Il feet Z
inches. displaCcmt mt with stores and
equipment aboard, Sos tons. and tom
mage. 2f6
The materials used throughout her
construction are white oak. yellow pine.
Oregon pine and teak. and the fasten-
Tobin bronze bolts and composition
spikes.
me AnuT HnenoTE are OF man "A fesf
bronze. their total weight heinE $500
pounds. Instead OF anchor chains there
are three 11-inch hemp cables. each 120
fathoms I'm length
While the Carne gle was designed as
a sailing vessel. a new magnetic aux
Mary propulsion plant OF about 150-
horsepower has been Installed. which
f. the first producer-Eas engine OF the
size ever employed on sea-going
Coal Only - Day.
With rs tons OF coal, representing a
cost Of about 500, the Carnegie has a
cruising radius under her auxiliary
power alone OF 1900 nautical miles at
"a speed Of six knots. or seven statute
miles. making the average cost Tor coal
per day about 81. and the run i'm calm
weather 14f knots or 165 statute miles
In every particular the idea OF max
ing the Carnegie nopmagne etc has been
carried out The auxiliary engine is
built II nonmagnetic metals. the gall
lcry cooking ranges are OfssDecial de-
sign, and constructed OF bronze and
copper The cutlery. knives. forks and
spoons. are Of Mexican silver. and the
sailors sheath knives are Of nonmag-
nctic manganese steel. Everything that
is used in the construction Of the boat
was subjected 20 "a rigid test before 1t
Of material aboard has any effect on
the compass needle.
The Carnegie made its first trip Au-
gust p. 1903, and otter trip OF 5000
miles returned 20 New York within six
months. Within that time errors of i'm
portancc I'm the best chart now avail
able were disclosed. and the Carnegie
results are accepted as correct by the
leading photographic officers Of che
world.
For the last ten years the existence
Of these errors has been more or less
suspected but in spite OF thousands OF
observations on vessels Of iron con-
struction they could not be verified. Be
tween Madeira and Bermuda IL was
found that American charts showed err
rors Of several degrees.
International Mission.
The Carnesie's next mission is inter-
national. Dr.. T. A. Bauer. director Of
the department OF research in terres-
trial magnetism at the Carnegie insti-
tute has been placed IN charge Of the
curious vessel and Will direct the voy-
age
William ]. Peters. who represented
the National Geographical society on
the second Zcigler polar expedition,
will command the boat AIR. Bauer pur-
poses mapping out the magnetic forces
as they now prevail over the ocean for
the good OF all countries
on her magnetic survey. the Carnegie
will find the areas Of magnetic attrac-
ton and make known their effects for
the guidance Of mariners. Tt win take
/ ten years to complete the Journey
around the earth that Is contemplated
and tho leading photographic officers