davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1910-06-27
lone REGULAR
I HOLDS HIS OFFICE
With Exception of Sheriff, Insur.
gents Nominate Entire County
Ticket.
+ speciaI 10 The Times-Dispatch /

Especial to The Times Dispatch.l
Raleigh, N. c., June 26.--trhe smoke
of battle has not yet sufficiently clear
ed away after the Democratic piina
ries OF Saturday in Wake county to
determine just what the outcome has
been, 30 close was the balloting AS to
at least one OF the candidates, that for
sheriff OF the county. 1t looks as If j..
H. Sears, present sheriff has won over
w. II. Rand, "Insurgent" candidate, in
spite OF the defeat OF his colleagues on
the Regular" or Ring ticket.
There are three remote precincts to
be heard from, and ii is question OF
"lnsurgcnt" majorities. TIE best es-
innate of these gives the situation as
leaving Sears, some say seven and
others as eleven majority over Rand
| for sheriff.
| A special messenger has been sent
for the missing RETURNS but he had
not retusned at late hour tonight.
| The "Insurgcnt ticket that Is noini-
mated comprises DR.. Il. ". Skies, Wake
Forest College faculty. for the state
Senate; Hon. r. RI. Battle. Raleigh:
John T. Judd. Buckhorn township, and
| Ed. D. Pace. Raleigh, for the LeEisla-
| ture: Willard Mial, Marks Creek. clerk
of the court; S. c. Henderson. Raleigh.
register of deeds; George T. Norwood
RHlelgh, treasurer; l. II. Lynn. Is. s.
Franklin and w. III. Charmblee, il. for
county commissioners.
1t is estimated that in the primaries
Saturday Wake county cast about the
same total vote as was cast in tho last
general election for the Democratic
ticket. However, Republicans declare
that the outcome of the Democratic
contest could hardly have pleased them
better, and insist that they have the
best sort of n chance 10 win by put
ting UP ticket tho personnel OF
which will attract the more disgrun
tied of those who went into the pri-
maries Saturday. and are inclined Ia
swing of on account OF the terrific
personal abuse that characterized the
primary campaign. I, is believed that
the rank and file of the Regulars
VIII remain true TO their party colo.s
In spite of bitter and heavy defeat.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1910-06-27

plish nothing in that way the posse
began firing Tonight.
1t was said that several hundred
shots were fred at the house where
Bostwick and his little children are
hidden. 1t was hoped this would draw
the barricaded man out OF his fort. but
1t had no effect. 1t is not known yet
whether any of the bullets found a
human mark. 1t Is known that one OF
the little girls in the house is Ill.
Get. officers Pistol.
When Sheriff Innis fell, Bostwick
sent one of his little boys out to
pick up the officers pistol. wE>se 1t
had fallen. The boy came out in the
face of the posse and picked up the
pistol lie was allowed to return
unmolested. There probably were un-
exploded cartridges in the chambers of
the weapon.
The posse is ready to save the little
children 1t the fire drives Bostwick
out He is vet keeping guard and
shooting whenever any one approaches
the house.
1t is, stated that several months ago
Bostwick shot hfs brother-in-law. G..
G. Fields, and was arrested. charged
with assault with intent to murder.
He was put under peace bond. it
was stated. and his bondsman told the
sheriff that he wanted to be relieved
from responsibility. on Friday, dep
uty went TO Bostwick's house to arrest
him, but Bostwick told him he would
never submit to arrest: that he would
die first
Then the sheriff went out with his
deputies to make the arrest and the
battle followed. Yesterday, Bostwick
and one of his seven children lef, the
house and went to the home of some
relatives, but the father refused to
allow the other children to leave him.
He is forty years of age.
Bostwick Opens Fire.
AS soon as the first squad of Of
ficers came within sight of the house
to-day, Bostwick opened fire with a
wounding Bass, who for safety lay for
some minutes where he fell Sheriff
McInnis. In the face of Bostwick's
rain of bullets, recovered Davis's body,
and assisted Bass to a place of Sc
curity. Sheriff McInnis then sum
moned reinforcements and made the
second attempt to kill or capture
Bostwick. The knowledge that the
desperate had his children in the
house with him deferred the officers
from shooting. except when they
caught sight OF Bostwick.
Sheffield fell a victim to his shots,
then Tucker and McInnis were wound
ed. Againan the rain Of fire of bull
lets the wounded men succeeded in
dragging Shehieids body out of range.
The neighborhood by this time was
alarmed, and the news Of the killing
and wounding of the officers had
spread to nearby towns, and soon the
officers had a half hundred men to as
sist them. Sheriff ALcInnis swore each
man in as deputy sheriff and ordered
the house surrounded. In the mean
time he had dispatched runner to
the nearest telephone office with a
| message to Governor Brown to rush a
company Of troops to the scene post
haste. a large number of citizens left
Ocilla for the scene Of the shooting to-
night. we'll armed
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1910-06-27
DEGREE FOR ]. P. MORGAN
Harvard VIII Also Honor Governor
Hughes ,rhin Week,

Harvard VIII Also Honor Governor
Hughes This Week.
Boston, June 26-Harvard is TO adj
nit TO fellowship with its scholars at
least two distinguished men of affairs
at commencement next week. When
the degrees are conferred by President
Abbott Lawrence Lowell, j. Pierpont
Morgan and Governor Charles Evans
Hughes Will respond to their names
and receive Harvard's honorary dis
tinction. Mr.. Morgan is to receive the
degree of AN, while the Governor OF
New York is to receive an LII D.
The degree of Master Of Arts is not
to be accorded Mr.. Morgan for his
prominence as flnancfar. but 1t Is
understood that the honor is in recoE-
milton of Mr.. Morgan's learning in the
arts and al tribute to his eminence as
an authority on and collector of. rare
paintings and other art treasures.
Mr.. Morgan was communicated with
while abroad and informed that his
presence at Cambridge was desired for
the purpose of adding his name to the
list of notables that have Harvard ap-
prevail.
other prominent men are to be well
coined by the presde~s of the univer-
sty at commencement, but Mr.. Morgan
and Governor Hughes are the most
conspicuous candidates for honorary
degrees
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1910-06-27
ROOSEVELT WILL
Be GUEST OF TAFT
Continued From First Page)

tSOntlUueQ from First 1Page)
visit to Oyster Bay nurposely, from
jealousy of Mr.. Roosevelt. 1t mas been
said that the Governor resented any
intention on the part Of the distin-
Euished ex-President and of President
Taft 70 advocate the passage of di-
rect nominations bill in this State
Such action on their part. the yarns
ran, would diminish his personal
glory as the great reformer" For
that reason he had neglected to set Il
date for his visit to Sycamore HILL He
was putting 1t off from dag to day;
IN fact he was administering snuh
10 Mr.. Roosevelt hand studiously af-
fronting him at a time when the Re-
publican party needed his leadership
most. Much time and attention have
been given to spreading such stories
abroad Exactly what their authors
hoped to accomplish is yelled in mys-
terry The facts are so evident and
known SO widely that the mischief
n makers behind those stories could not
have hoped to deceive many persons
long. any more Than could those per-
sons who mallciously mtsrepresente
Mr. Roosevelt TO be sending out word
that he was against direct nominations
VIII see Roosevelt at Cambridge.
The fact is that Governor Hughes
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1910-06-27
NEGRO ATTACKS
WHITE WOMAN

Continued From First Pase)
City Hospital for treatment The In
terne refused 10 tell the extent OF her
injuries.
Mrs. Rutherford is the mother of six
children, whose ages range from about
In Police Court and the authorities
We're upon the verge OF taking her
children away from her care, 1t is
said. but decided TO give her another
chance
When she first applied to the Booker
home for lodging, both Booker's wife
and Mamie Tucker attempted 10 dis
suade her. but she was determined to
sion. she spent the night on couch ~
the same room Booker went out sew
eral times YESTERDAY. but neither his
wife. nor. Mamie Tucker. could say
whether he got any whiskey. though
they did say that Mrs. rutherford had
bottle of whiskey with her. They
were inclined to think that the trou-
BILE occurred over the whiskeyy. and
there is no evidence of more criminal
Intent.
Terribly Beaten.
From what could be, learned from
the women, both OF whom were ex.
cited and frightened when the OFF,
GERS Intercepted them. Booker simply
gave the white woman terrific beat.
stairs, They we're surprised when they
women stated that Mrs. Rutherford
did not leave the house during the day
| She was downstairs in a front room
| during The early part OF the night.
and. they say, came upstairs to the
| Booker room as they were preparing
| for bed. If not dangerously injured
! she Will, at least, be d!sfgured for
| life.
! Booker was adjudged luna,lc three
years ago. when he assaulted a white
woman eighty years old, and was sent
! to the Central state Hospital. where
| he spent a month. He dived through q
| window, carrying the sash on his neck
! into the room OF the aged woman. and
| attacked her, He was caught With
| the window sash still hanging rount
| his neck. He was tried and adjudScL
| insane. He is said to be always in q
| right frame of mind except when he Is
| drinking, and the theory advanced las
| night az the reason for his assault
I cra2ed by whiskey, which he got eithe,
| from her or from some "speakeasy.'
! He repea tally denied the charge agains
| him. but there is no doubt of his gull
| in the minds OF the officers.
NcighbOrs Excited.
| The neishborhood was much axcitcc
| over the attempted murder. and had II
| not been for the timely arrival of the
officers it is thought Booker nigh,
! have returned and completed his fiend'
| ish work. No further explanation as tt
| ni%ht and dav could be obtained from
Mrs. Ruthest<-d, Everything in tbs
room in which the assault occurred
was smashed, and the place was ike 9
| ruin. Blood was everywhere--s over
4 down in the doorway.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1910-06-27
GuDGEH is NOMINATED.
Former COnGresAman VIII Again 1IalS,
NnCe for Lower House.

Asheville, N, c., June 26,-Athougr
Congressional District yet to hear from,
the returns from Yesterdays Dem o.
cratic primaries Indicate the nominal
ton of eX-Congressman j. M, Gudgea',
candidate, over Il field of four, His
nearest opponent is Hon, William i.
Cooke, Mr.. Gudscr carried all OF the
eight counties heard from. and he
SIGNAL convention, to be held July IL,
with more than enough Votes to nomi-
nate on the first ballot, lro, Judge of
the fourteenth judicial district, Judge
Nj. Fl. Justice has apparently been
nominated to succeed hmsclf Hon
w. 7, Lee, of Haywood county, Is a
probable winner In the race for cor
operation commissioner
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1910-06-27
THREE TICKETS FOR ONE
Makes Arrangements to Go to Dra!k es
Branch, hut Doesn't Go.

Armistead Holcomb, colorcd, who
says he lives AT 1902 East Broad Street,
and claims Charlotte county as his
Depot last night on charge of disor-
Derby conduct. He bought three tick
cts for brakes Branch, and when the
train was announced he said he didn't
want to go. When they insisted that
he had better get aboard he cried muir
der and alarmed the neighborhood.
After being taken to the First sta
ton by acknowledgements Wiltshire
and Bicycle Policeman Smith he was
charged with being a person of un-
sounl mind. He could not give a clear
account of himself, and gave every in
dication of being unbalanced p
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1910-06-27
COTTON MILLS TO SHUT nowN.
Operations VIII BE Entirely Suspended
for Four Week

ISVtCluI 10 I TIC Times DtSpatCh.
Gastonia, n. c., June 26.-Represen-
tatives, of fifty-elght cotton mills as
sembled here yesterday signed an
agreement 10 shut down completely
Tor Tour weeks in July and August.
The mills represented are located in
CASTOR Mecklenburg, Cleveland, Lin
coin and Catawba counties, this State.
and York county, South Carolina. This
movement means nearly 100000 spin
dies VIII be idle during that period, and
Will be taken off the market weekly
for a month. The sptnners believe that
other mills will follow suit, and that
the situation now confronting them
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1910-06-27
President at 1yhit. Hou..

Washlnston, June 26.--Freed from
legislative matters, President TAFT
spent his last Sunday for the summer
In the national capital in a quiet way.
Part of the day ne passed on the back
portico OF the White House. He at
lunched with Secretary Norton and a
few other friends at the White House.
In the afternoon he took spin in his
automobile, and tonight was the guest
Country Club
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1910-06-27
Drowned in Cane F.nr utvo-

Wilmington, N c., June 26.-Captain
Roy smith, thirty years Old master OF
the steamer City of Fayetteville, ply
ing between Wilmington and Fayetta-
vile, was drowned from launch IN
1ne cape rear ltiVer near here to-day.
cabin by a heavy wave, his head strik :
Ing the edge of the boat in the fall.
The body has not yet been recovered
lie was master of the steamer CITY OF
Fayetteville for six years and was
prominent in local shipping circles.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1910-06-27
FIRST SUNDAY AT BEVERLY
Members of Taft Family Attend Church
and Tnke Automobile Ride.

'hSI'"erS VI IHft FHmlIy Attend ChUrch
and Take AUTOMOBILES Ride.
Beverly, Mass, June 26.-Mrs. Taft
ana the other members of the presiden-
G Iiai FAMILY, Miss Helen, Robert and
Charles, spent their FIRST Sunday morn.
Ing at church, listening to a sermon bv
the Rev, Eugene j " Huiginn, rector
or st. Paul,s Episcopal Church This
evening, after quiet afternoon at
automobile ride
The sylph, the Presidents yacht, is
heing made ready for the trip TO New
London for the Harvard Yale boat
races. She Will leave Tuesday, and
the present plans are for all of the
family to go. Mrs Taft has not made
the positive promise of taking the
Trip, put the young people hope TO
prevail upon her TO do So
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1910-06-27
KILLED IN COllfSiOn

Leominster, Mass, June eS.-Mrs
John r. w, Andrews was killed and
her husband seriously injured as the
result Of a collision between tandem
mot orcyclc. on which they were rid
ing, and an electric car this evening.
The motorman Of the car, Arthur Gau-
thert, is under arrest, charged with
criminal negligence,
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1910-06-27
RAID sPEAKEAsIEs
Major Williams, coIorcd, Admits Hnv-
Ing Sold One OrInIS,

inn Sold One Drink
Major Williams, colored Of > South
Eighteenth street, and John Williams.
OF II South Seventeenth Street, were
arrested yesterday on a charge of sell
ing LIQUOR without a license they
were caught and arrested by Police
men Johnson and Gentry, who werc
sent out to stalk tho blind tigers
Major Williams acknowledged his
guilt, saving that he had sold drink
to neero
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1910-06-27
Mrs. Thos. II. JuhnstOn

Mrs. Thomas 3. Johnston died yes
.terday afternoon at o'clock at her
home a, 500 North Twenty-ffth Street,
She was sixty wears of age, Her hus-
band and eight children survive llor.
Her children are. Mrs. Oscar r. Tar
IRISH, Mrs. Charles w. Eaton, Mrs. Jas,
w. Dodd, Mrs. William NJ, Turner, Miss
Adele S, Johnston, John b., Thomas b.,
Jr, and Colin IS Johnston.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1910-06-27
OBITUARY
Porter King Winkler

4 Porter King WinkIer.
Porter King Winkler died yesterday
at his mothers home in Williamson
S. c. He was thirty-three years old,
His Wife, Mrs. Mamie Powell Winkler
and four small children survive him.
The funeral and interment will be al
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1910-06-27
THE WEATHER.

Forecast: Nlrginin-Partly cloudy
anu somcNhnt warmer Monday, fol.
lowed by unsettled weather. Monday
night and 'rresdayj light to moderate
south winds.
North CnrOiinn-Gencrnlly fair Nom
dnv ana tuesday, light, variable winds.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1910-06-27
Your Liner

Better stir up your liver little! Not
TOO much, just little, just enough to
start the bile nicely. One of Ayers
Pills atbedtime is allyou need. These
pills act directly on the liver, Made
for the treatment of constipation, bill
iousness, dyspepsia, sick-hcadache.
Sold for over so years.
All your doctor If he knop, belle, pill
for sluggish liuer. Then toliow his aduiee.
Do Al, he says. I }..w. AZ No. CO..
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1910-06-27

Departed this life, sud
denly June &C. 1910. az his mothers
home, at Williamston, S. q, PORTER
KING WINKLER, aged thirty-threc
wears. lie leaves Wifc--Mamie
powell, Winkler--and four small chill
dren to mourn their loss
Funeral and tnterment in VII
lianston. S, G.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1910-06-27
ASK FOR TROOPS
| TO STORM H0USE
Continued From First Page)

Continued From First Page)
instantly and wounded the two other
officers
Bos,wick is still unframed in his
fort. The scene of the encounter is
several miles from here.
All Of the children in the house with
Bostwick are small, some OF them
ri
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1910-06-27
Sheriff MIL Die

1t was stated late tonight that the
sheriff is probably very seriously shot,
as rifle bullet found its way through
his breast, in addition to his shotgun
wounds 1t is said he is fatally hurt,
Information has just come that the
troops from Fitzgerald will reach IT.
vlnNille Just as quickly as they can
be rushed there on special train.
From there they will march TO the
scene of action. Threats were made
to burn Bostwiclt out OF his house, but
when IL was seen they could accom-
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1910-06-27
DEATHS

june 2s, 1910, at
a,2o p. NJ. at 400 North twenty fifth
STON. in the siNtieth year of her
age, She leaves her husband and eight
z children.-Alrs. Oscar u, Parrish, Mrs,
1 Charles w Eaton, Mrs: James ".
Dodd. Mrs. William NJ TURNER, Miss
Adele s. ,Iohnston, John D., Thomas
b., Jr,, and Colin b. Johnston.
Funeral notice later.
London and Glasgow papens please
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1910-06-27
CONDITIONS YEsTEnpA i
'NDlTIoNs IN IMponraNr CITIES.

~'-'-- AA"S A'iN1'-A -
Clear. THERMOMETERS at midnight
Albuquerque morning journal. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1903-1926, 1910-08-18

entirely satisfactory The term
oentirely satisfactory" is susceptible
OF various Interpretation, but We may
assume that it at least means that
California is again TO raise enough
wheat to satisfy the home demand
This Will be gratifying news to ore
gGn and Washington, as we'll as 10
California, for fl is from these TWO
states that California has drawn
heavily for supplies in the past i've
years. In the season just closed, TINS
California business reached a grand
total. flour included. of practically
5000. 0o0 bushels. For this immense
amount of grain, the C~alitornlan3
paid good prices, in many cases fig
ures wen above the. parity with for-
eign markets. and the value of he
California market was appreciated.
But there is another standpoint from
which the view Us not So pleasing
The 100000 bushels OF wheat
which the C~alifornians bought from
oregon ard Washington producers
cost the Caiifornians approximately
$4,000. goo. These millions were 81
oursa very acceptable TO the people
of the Pacific northwest. but theif
influence on the general trade ana
Industrial situation on the entire Fa-
sific coast was much smaller than
would have been the case had this
large surplus been shipped TO foreign
markets and the money received,
added g. the circulation of the coast.
instead of being merely transferred
from one state to another.
Not only is the Chronicle opum-
| istic about the present season crop
Albuquerque morning journal. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1903-1926, 1910-08-18

busy place. where fruit, flowers and
honey are always round IN plenty
Mr.. Anderson viii have the usual crop
OF sweet and fragrant honey for our
pan cakes this IAN, and the tomatoes.
OF which he makes q speciality, are IN
a promising condition. This is n
product which has 10 he especially
nurtured IN his valley, and Alex.
seems Ia have the patience and skilt
To make q success. In addition to
these staple crops, Mr.. Anderson Is
trying two Of Burhank's productions.
which win be novelties in this section.
one of these new fruits is the to-
matcberrN, which the California wiz
ard has evolved. and which grows in
clusters. the fruit being red like the
tomato. and Will be somewhere ike
the gooseberry in size. The flavor is
akin 10 the tomato. The other new
variety Oh fruit which Mr.. Anderson
is raising is the Wonderoery, known
for Some time in other sections OF the
country. hut never before tried mere.
This berry resembles the BURBERRY,
and is good only for cooking ana
MES. These novelties viii be looked
Tor with a good deal OF interest when
they are ripe for display.
MI. Anderson is Ia be congratulated
for reaching out into a new field ana
bringing some of these novel ifnlls
within our reach.
Albuquerque morning journal. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1903-1926, 1910-08-18
WORK ON SANTA FE.
SPUR SOON TO
Be STARTED
Outfit and Gang OF
Workmen Nov on the Ground,
Ready to Begin Laying Track
From Engle Dam,


Especial cerrespondcnos to Morning. ioarnall
Rlncan n n. AUX 1.-two ear
loads Of horses and "a complete grad
inn outfit passed through here today,
CONSIGNED "a Fngle and designed for
use i'm CONSTRUCTING the Santa Pc spur
Go Elephant Butte. 4 number OF
workmen were going TO Engie on tho
sAmN train
Engineer George Lynch from Inns
Cruces. passed through Rthcon TO-DAY
en- route 60 Mutt tor the purpose OF
surveying the ground al the place
where tho MeNivan sheepherder Ben
ibcdes was shot by Tom Hall. The
purpose ia 20 ~deteTHntae whether the
shooting occurred ~ Dona ANA or
t.una county. The MeSicRns IN this To-
CalitV express lttle sympathy FOR Ren,
ihedes he appears to have had the
reputation &C a had homhre, being
the same man who shot WIN Veal IA
RodcN a few WEARS ~ Il is also
stated shat Rcnihedes shot az the
Young san ~ HAL who was unarmed,
e few dass before the murder occur
red.
Albuquerque morning journal. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1903-1926, 1910-08-18
CHAVES COUNTY HAS
HIGHEST TOTAL
VALUATION
Tax Rolls Snow That propert.
In Roswell and Surrounding
County Is Assessed al b.
tween Four and Five Million


t~pr,iai rarreNnaadrnce 70 Marusar loHrnsii
Roswell n a.. Aug ia~Connty
Assessor uas H. Herbert is In re-
reipt 81 a letter grem 6 y Stafford.
81 santa Fe travelling auditor ot New
Nexlcs. acknowledging receipt Of the
tax roll AZ chaves county and hts
statistical report for the wear 1910.
Whc auditor siatos That hc has reeeiv-
"a either las ralls nr statements from
an the assessors and that Chavos
county shows the highest valuation va
the territory. the total valuation ot
tshaNek eutufN hNinN hW4ween toWr-and
.Aitv mtli0n dollars.
when a. e. pvary and Ms Grown
son lea tneif home an Michisaft
nVvnuf last WgEht and am 20 rho
theater UNry htd $500 Ia IA tia tohac-
ca hoN under the he'd Upon their
return theN found the heuse ransack-
ed every drawer vmptica onNhe tlooi
and every closet tNpsNtturvvt and the
money gone II was their savings
NVhila San "a ranch three months the
matter WAS reported tn the police, hut
,here seems e. be NO clue for the Of
ticNrs to work on.
w. ~ fertNson formcri, rs this
tity on saturday struck Is fine flow of
aftcsian water la his new well at his
NOW NetNV NEAR Lake Arthur The wa-
cor leans tN Is helght 0t Ell Inches
ne eight inch casing giving IS
IAN head sat water for Irrigation nUf-
aesea With plenty of pressure So op-
stWte hts plumbing fixtures The Wa
ter Is alsn &C splendid quality for do
niestic purposes