davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1910-03-12
When Rubbers Become Necessary

And your shoes pinch, shake into your shoes
Aliens Foot Ease. the antiseptic powder for
the feet. It cures painful. swollen. SIN arting:
sweating feet. and takes the sting out OF
Germs and bunions. just the thing for patent
leather shoes. dancing parties and for Break
ing in New shoes. Many people cannot wear
heavy stockings comfortably without shak-
ing Aliens Foot Ease into the shoes. Sold
everywhere. 25c. Sample FREE. Address.
Allen s. Olmstead. Leroy. N. Y. Don't
accept any substitute. 2
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1910-03-12
- Dublin May Honor Roosevelt.

OupIIn way r1onor RooseVen'
Dublin, March 1.-THE lord mayor
of Dublin has received public letter
suggesting that Dublin grant to Theo-
dore Roosevelt the freedom of the city,
as the letter goes on to say, 'he has
done more for the Irish people and
the Catholics in America than all his
predecessors put together"
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1910-03-12
Calhoun Starts for China,

Chicago, March 11.-William J. Cal
houn, the new United States minister
to China, accompanied by Mrs. Cal
houn, has left Chicago for the Pacific
coast, thence across the Pacific to the
Celestial kingdom. He will sail from
San Francisco March Is on the liner
Tenyo Maru and after brief stay in
Honolulu will reach Yokohama on
Anri1 g.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1910-03-12

An eastern physician made the
statement that the night air is often
purer than that of the day. Tell
your wife that the next time you are
caught out late.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1910-03-12
CHICAGO Live Stock.

Chicago, March 11.-Cattle -Beeves,
$5.25@8.4O; Texas steers, $4.75@5.90;
Western steers, $4.SO06.60; stockers
and feeders, $360@6.25; cows and
heifers, s2.65@6.6O; calves, $7.50@10.
Hogs-Light, $1O.3O@1065; mixed,
$1O.3O@10.S0; heavy, $10.40010.S0;
rough, $1O4O@1O.55; good to choice
heavy, $1O.55@1O.8O; pigs, $9.40@1e..
20. sheep-Native, $5.OO@8.10; year.
lings, $7.85@8.75; lambs, $s.00@9.6o.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1910-03-12

tainable by the reform and reconstitu-
ton Of the house of lords. The third
will declare that necessary prelim-
mary to such reform and reconstitu-
ton Is the acceptance Of the princi-
Pies that the possession Of q peerage
In itself should no longer afford the
right to sit and vote in the house of
lords.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1910-03-12

Chamberlain's Stomach an d
Liver Tablets are safe, sure and
reliable, and have been praised by
thousands of women who have
been restored to health through
their gentle aid and curative
properties. Sold by Barker Drug
Co
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1910-03-12
Dried Herring Poisons Family.

Pomeroy, a., March 11.-One child
dead and two others seriously sick as
a result of poisoning following the eat.
ing Of dried herring purchased of a
Chicago mail order house is the grief
that has come to the home of Mr.. and
Mrs e. B. Barger of Pocahontas.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1910-03-12
st. Paul Live Stock.

st. Paul, March 11.-Cattle- Good
to choice steers, $6.76@7.60; fair to
good, $5.O0@6.75; good to choice COWS
and heifers, $4.5O@550; veals, $500
$50. Hogs-$10.10@10.40. Sheep
Wethers, $7.00@775; yearlings, $500
@S.25; spring lambs, $S.00@8.90. !.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1910-03-12

When Mrs. Mildred Money
entered the lecture field and de-
livered one of her rousing lectures,
it was a case of where money
talked.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1910-03-12
Duluth Wheat and Flax.

Duluth, March 11.-Wheat-To ar
rive and on track-No. hard, $1.15@
1.161a; No. Northern, $1.141z@1.16;
No. 2 Northern, $1.121k @1.13; May
and July, $1.14. Eax-In store, on
track, to arrive and May, $2.22W;
July, $2.21h; Sept, $1.75; Oct, ST.
671k,
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1910-03-12
GRAIN AND PROVISION PRICES
MINNEAPOLIS Wheat,

Minneapolis, March 11.-Wheat-
May, $1.13%@1.131a; July, $1.13k o.
1875; Sept, $1.03A. On track-No. 1
hard, $1.141s@1.151s; No. Northern,
$1.13% @1.14%; No. 2 Northern, ST.
11% @1.125s; No. 8 Northern, $1.06x
@1.10%. ..- .-.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1910-03-12

Society is all right if "unadulter-
ated," but a social cloak covers
many bluff. It's hard to tell the
real from the sham.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1910-03-12
a Doubtful Bag.

Salesman-Sorry we're quite out Of
game, but I can recommend the sau-
sages.
Mr.. Won sharpeshooter FIN, yes!
But the wife would not believe I shot
'em.-London Half Holiday.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1910-03-12
Chicago Grain and Provisions.

Chicago, March 11.-Wheat-May,
$1.13A; July, $1.061s; Sept, $1.03%.
Corn-May, 63% @e3Mc; July, 65%c;
Sept, 661sc. Oats-May, 44% @44Ac;
July, 42%c; Sept, 40Ac. Pork-May,
$3.50; July, $25.55. Butter-Cream-
cries, 26@31c; diaries, 21@25c. Eggs
-21@24c. Poultry-Turkeys, 16hc;
chickens and springs, 16c.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1910-03-12
OREGON CONCERNS INDICTED
Had Acquired Much Timber Land In
- That State,

=. That State.
Portland, Ore, March 12.-The in
diotment against officials of the Sump-
ter Valley railway and the Oregon
Lumber company, which was returned
here In the federal district court, is
said to be the result of investigations
Of Special Agent Goode Of the general
land Office into the acquisition of sew
eral thousand acres Of land in East
ern Oregon.
The lumber company is said to own
about 900 claims, comprising 10000
acres. -,
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1910-03-12
MAKES IMPORTANT SPEECH
Premier CanaIejas Outlines Plan
Modernize Spain,

Modernize Spain.
Madrid, March 11.-Premier Canale-
Jas, in an important speech in the
cortes outlining the governments pro-
gramme, appealed for the united sup
port of all the radical and democratic
forces in the approaching struggle ITO
Europeanize and modernize SPAIN"
Without such support, he declared,
the fight against the growing power
of clericalism and reaction was fore
doomed to failure.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1910-03-12

You cannot tell the character of
mince pie by the inspection.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1910-03-12

How much have women elevated
business standards since they be-
came mixers?
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1910-03-12

Is the price of victuals to blame
because there are women willing to
sell their hair that other woman
may bedeck themselves?
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1910-03-12
ers are pitched against each other
for this important ofice.-Northome
Record.
BY THE WAY

The fact that a clock has loud
strike is not absolute that it is right,
neither are loud talking men always
right. 81
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1910-01-17
CUTS THROAT; MAY DIE.

STANDISH, Mich, Jan. 1T.--August
Waggoner, aged %. attempted suicide
yesterday by cutting his throat with
a razor This Is the third attempt and
will prove fatal. A few weeks age
Waggoner took paris green, but the
dose was too large and he recovered
Last Friday he set Are and burned to
the ground his beautiful residence
about Ave miles west Of here. His In.
tentions were to be cremated In the
fire, but his brother. living close by,
rescued him before the fire reached
him. The physician attending says
Waggoner will die. His parents reside
In Bay City.
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1910-01-17
women IN PANAMA
FIGHT FOR SOCIAL .
SUPREMACY
Mrs. Gorgas Was Undisputed Queen
of Society Until Arrival Of
Mrs. Goethals, Wife of
Chief Engineer.
Whole Canal Zone Has Been Divided
Into Two Factions By Inter
esting Conflict.

ANCON, Canal Zone, Panama, Jan.
1.-THE action OF the house of rep
resentativcs In passing the bill TO abol-
ish the canal commission was antici-
pated In the canal zone; indeed, It
was here that the fight on the com
mission found its origin.
The whole canal zone has been d.
vided into two factions, the Mrs. Cor
gas adherents. and the Mrs. Goethals
boosters. The war OF the women" has
waged fiercely and relentlessly since
the arrival OF the wife of Lieut. Col.
Cocktails. Until then the undisputed
queen OF Panama society was Mrs.
Gorgas. wife of Col VIM. G. Gorgas,
head OF the department OF sanitation
and member Of the canal commits
sion. She had maintained her leader
ship during all the time that q civil
Ian was at the head OF the commits
sion, but when Lieut.-Col. Goethals
came down as chairman and chief en-
gineer OF the commission, Mrs. Cor
gas met rival well worthy of her
steel, and the battle was on. Society
arrayed itself upon either side. though
1t must be admitted that Mrs Gorgas
has been losing many of her follow
ers since Lieut.. Col. Goethals began
advocating the adjustment OF the
commission.
And now the canal zone Is certain
that the gallant Northumberland will
be appointed director-general of the
canal and OF the canal zone. for was
not he the man who first urged that
congress take the step that 1t has, asks
Ancon?
Bat az long as Mrs. Gorgas remains
she will continue to head all social
affairs in consequence of her hus-
bands higher rank. Only the with
drawal OF Col Gorgas and his vito
from the isthmus will give to Mrs.
Cocktails undisputed possession Of the
social ladders top. for then her hus-
band will be both the ranking army
officer and head OF the canal govern
ment
Col. Gorgas nay be left temporarily
In charge q, the work Of sanitation,
but only until such time as the d.
rector-general-if he be Lieut. Col
Goethals--can bring about his recall
20 the United Statng 1 a - 49,
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1910-01-17
BATTERED AFTER HUG,
GIRL BECOMES INSANE
Playful Embrace by a Young Man
Causes Teasing Till Her
Mind Gives Way.

KEOKUK. Ia, Jan. 1.-THE EN-.
brace Of young man, followed by
incessant teasing on the part OF girl
companions while at work, has caused
pretty twenty-year-old Lille Nygren,
daughter Of 8. p. Nygren. to become
insane.
These facts were disclosed In the
application for Miss Nygren's com.
mitment to the state institution at
Mount Pleasant. She Is In a critical
condition. and 1t is feared that she
may attempt suicide.
Miss Nygren was employed In a
local wholesale house. Several weeks
ago she was playfully embraced
against her will by young man work
ing by her side. Seeing Miss Nygren's
resentment. several of her girl COM
ranions leased her until she quit
work and went home, where she cried
for several days. Upon returning to
work the girls again leased her. and
she again went home crying. Melan-
cholia ensued. followed by insanity.
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1910-01-17
FLED FROM HOUSE WHEN
TOLD HE WAS REMARKED
Husband Says He Was Drunk When
He Welded tiis Divorced Wife In
ManIstique, Mich.

CHICAGO. Jan. 17.-When Charles
E. Kirkwood woke up at Manistique,
Mich, on the morning of December
80 last and was informed by his d.
vorced wife that he had remarked
her. he dressed hastily and beat 1t"
according to a bill fled in the circuit
court here asking that the marriage
be annulled.
Kirkwood said he hadn't the faint.
est intention OF re-marrying Mrs.
Kirkwood and that the only way he
can account for It Is that he had been
indulging In intoxicants for two days.
Mrs. Kirkwood got divorce here
October 4 last. On December "a Kirk
wood got lonesome, telegraphed TO
his former wife In ManistiQue AID
arranged to see his two sons. Kirk
wood went to Manistique on Deem
Der % and saw his wife and the boys
his bill alleges, and then 'hoisted q
few drinks" with Mrs. Kirkwood's
father. and brothar--for two days
celebration.
! To his best knowledge and belief
says Kirkwood. at o'clock on the
night of December 20. he engaged a
cutter. took his ex-wife with him, got
a license and remarked here. Next
morning when his mind began to
clear, the bill says. Kirkwood asked
her what 1t meant. She explained
that they had been remarked and
Kirkwood alleges that he thereupon
dressed hastily. ran from the house.
boarded train and came to Chicago.
He thinks his condition was not such
at the time of the re-marriage that he
was able to enter into valid con-
tract,
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1910-01-17
T0DlI's vn1|I
DECIDE e0n6
OF PlR[Mn[
Conservatives Only Hsps - -
Reduce the Majority = IVA
the IibszaIs. IS

LONDON. Jan u.-With - f1cmI
edge that today's voting II r. 4 4
don and 10 provincial noncf 1fno1
entitled to q total repreocnkn11c
lO4 members OF parliament vCao
eide beyond question the contfox
the next parliament, Lberala ~ Il
servattves resumed their actfvitioo
moment the polls opened. " .'z
One days rejection over 8atur6n
result has had q far more inop6r11
effect upon the Liberals. than nnc6
the Conservatives and the for1n1<
went into today's battle con0derit q
not losing a. large percentaoo a.
their seats as on Saturday,
Although both sides preserve q ~
OF confidence, II Is evident that ~
conservatives have abandoned hor
that their party will form the ur~<
government. The most they oxD1
ID that the Liberal majority Win ~ e.
reduced In the next parliament - g.
place the Liberals at the mercy Il.
the Nationalists. s
Mr.. Balfour. leader OF the opr6o1s
ton In the house OF commons, u y
speech some days ago said that ~
general political issues now IN QuocI
would not be settled by one general
election. and perhaps not BY tWn.
Clearly the ex-premier accurately
measured the situation and the hop6n
|of the tariff reformers must now ~
centered on some future general Cleo.
ton.
An estimate made by q uniouiot,
based on Saturdays pollings. gives t1o
Liberals and Laborites clear major.
'ity of 80 or 100 over all parties. whIch
would provide the Liberal governmon1
with good working majority.
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1910-01-17
DETROITER Is FOUND
DEAD IN PRISON CELL
Coroner Of Hamilton, Ont. Will Probe
Death Of James Mlllar--Wife
Lives In Detroit.


HAMILTON, Ont, Jan. 17.-when
Desk Man Harry Smith was making
his rounds at No. police station early
yesterday morning he was Mortified by
coming across one OF the prisoners
James Millar. lying dead on the floor
Of his cell. Millar had been arrested
early Saturday evening for being drunk
and disorderly and when locked up
gave the officers great deal OF
trouble. with the result that he was
handled very roughly and this, com.
tined with the fact that his face was
badly disfgured from the effects OF
what appeared to be blow from some
blunt instrument, led Coroner Griffin
to take the body In charge and order
Ian inquest.
Millar, Scotchman, came to this
country three years ago, settling In
7 Detroit after q briefN so1ourn in Can
ada Some time ago he came back to
Hamilton, securing work at the Haniil-
ton & Toronto Sewer Pipe Co. but
since then he has been In trouble with
the police quite often. His wife and
sister, Mrs. Ferguson, still reside in
Detroit at No. 481 Twenty-fourth-st..
and they were notified OF the affair
today.
When asked for his opinion as to
the cause Of Millar's death Coroner
Griffin refused to give out any facts.
claiming that the matter was one for
the inquest jury to deal with. He re-
fused to state whether there were
signs of foul play or not, but 1t Is un.
derstood that he is of the belief that
death was not ,lue TO natural causes
and that the police authorities are
working ON the matter, laboring under
the same belief
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1910-01-17
BEGIN FIGHT IN PuLPlTs.

GRAND RAPIDS. Mich, Jan. H.
The local option campaign was for
mally opened yesterday when minis.
tiers In pulpits throughout the city
spoke on the good points OF local op
ton. Rev. r. N Holsaple. leader OF
the drys. declared that his faction
would require campaign fund of
$40. 900 and that the work Of securing
the fund was already we'll under way.
The drys have opened an office In the
business section with Rev. Holsaple IN
charge and a large force of clerks on
hand to assist him. The vets an
nounced that they will establish two
ofices In the city. They have begun
their defense already.
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1910-01-17
WILL OPEN FARMS
ON R0OSEvELT'S
PROJECT
One Hundred Fine Sections of IT.
rigated Land Are To Be Opened
for Homesteading in
aAL February.
They Are Located 100 Miles East
Of Portland, Ore, on the Pictur-
esque Columbia River.

LA GRANDE. Ore. Jan. 17.-One
hundred fine farms. rescued from the
desert by the wonders of irrigation
will be open to homestead entry undci
the, reclamation act after a. m. Feb
10. at the land ONCE here.
Under notice already issued. entries
made hereafter for these farms under
the third unit OF the great Umatilla
project shall be accompanied by ap
plication for water rights and by the
first installment OF charges for the
right. not less than 1880 per acre u
on the building charge OF SIS per acre
ance for the first year.
The second installment Of the
charge. not less than So per acre, and
the appropriate charge for operation
and maintenance, becomes due on Dec.
OF each year thereafter until paid.
The great Umatilla project Is just
one OF the many monuments to Theo-
dore Roosevelt's policies OF conserva-
ton. II is 100 miles east OF Portland.
along the Columbia river. and between
II and the Umatilla.
The soil Is OF great depth, summer
comes early. and the growing season
is longer than In most parts or the
west. The truck and fruit grower on
this project can probably place his
crops on the market I'm advance OF
his competitors. and be sure OF top
prices In the markets of Spokane,
Seattle. Tacoma and Portland. all III
which are tributary by rail or water
transportation.
The farms soon to be opened to
entry vary from ~ to 40 acres each.
During tho past three years settlement
pleted parts of the project, and con-
siderable areas have been planted in
orchards and small fruits.
An interesting phase Of the devel-
opment here 10 the combination Of
city and country life: farms are small;
many i've and ten-acre orchards are
being laid out about the towns. and
the owners have built their homes In
town.
The water supply IL the flood now
OF the Umatilla river. which 10 stored
In a reservoir created by construct
ing an earthen embankment nearly
100 feet In height and half mile long.
Owing to the porous character Of the
soil many Of the canals are lined with
cement.
The main line OF the o. r. & N.
railroad skirts the western edge Of the
project. and the Spokane branch runs
through the northern part. When the
Cello locks are completed the Coluin-
bia river will furnish navigation 10
Portland and Astoria. The main line
OF the Northern Pacific railroad Is on
the north bank of the river.
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1910-01-17
WILL NOT PROSECUTE
BOY WHO SHOT FATHER
Ludington Lad Fatally Wounds
Drunken Parent Who Had Ter
rorized HIs Household.

LUDINGTON, Mich. Jan. 17.-The
coroner and police refuse to prosecute
Henry Smith. IA years old. who shoi
and fatally wounded his father. Charles
Smith. aged 81, Saturday night when
the parent came home and started In
to kill his family. The officials say
the lads deed was justiAable.
Smith had been causing endless
trouble In the nelghborhood for the
last year while on his drunken sprees
and the police had been called to the
home frequently tc take him into Gus
tody when he threatened to Kill the
family.
Saturday night Smith came home in
toxicated and made for his wife,
threatening her life. The SON, Henry
took his mothers part. and grappled
With HIS father. but was soon over
powerol - cholEed nearly into insen
sibility. when the father again turned
his attention to the mother. Henry
gained his feet and after begging his
father to cease, again grappled with
the older Smith nnd was again choked,
but managed to escape and was chased
into a bedroom, where he secured q
shotgun loaded with buckshot. HIS
father followed him there and the boy
said: PA, stop. or l shoot you"
Smith replied with curses and
rushed at the boy, when the boy fred
at his head, striking him in the right
cheek, tearing the cheek bone away.
back to the ear.
A stray buckshot from the gun MT
the mother on the top OF the head as
she was trying to hold her husband
from the boy and made an ugly scalp
wound.
In the Smith family are also two
older children, boy and a girl, VINO
were not present at the time OF ID
ebo0tfu0
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1910-01-17
ESKIM0s REMNANTS OF
ANCIENT SIBERIAN TRIBE
Commander Peary, In Hampton's
Magazine, Throws Light on Origin
Of interesting Northerners.

magazine, Throws Li0ut on OrtB"
Of Interesting Northerners.
NEW YORK. Jan. 17.--Commande
Robert e. Peary gives In the February
number OF Hampton's Magazine, to be
published tomorrow, his opinion OF the
origin OF the Eskimos. He says:
In temperament like children, with
all a child's delight In little things,
they are nevertheless enduring as the
most matured OF civilized men and
women. and the best OF them are
faithful unto death. Without religion
and having no idea of God, they will
share their last meal with anyone who
Is hungry.
There Is a theory. first advanced
by Sir Clements Markham. president
OF the Royal Geographical Society Of
London, that the Eskimos are the rem
nants OF an ancient Siberian tribe. the
Onkilon; that the last members oi
this tribe were driven out on the
Arctic Ocean by the fierce waves N
Tartar invasion in the Middle Ares,
and that they found their WAY to tbs
New Siberian Islands, thence east
ward over lands yet undiscovered u
Grinnell Land and Greenland. am
inclined TO believe In the truth Of this
theory for the following reasons:
Some of the Eskimos are Of dis
tinctly Mongolian type, and they dis
play many Oriental characteristics.
such as a mimicry, ingenuity, and
patience In mechanical duplication.
There Is q strong resemblance be-
tween their stone houses and the
ruins of houses found In Siberia. The
Esquimo girl brought home by Mra
Peary, In 1894 was mistaken by
Cinnamon for one OF their own peo.
pie. II has been suggested that their
invocation Of the spirits OF their dead
may be survival of Asiatic ancestor
worship"
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1910-01-17
stovaIne May Have Killed Him.

CHICAGO, Jan. 17.-Stovaine, &C
cording to Coroner's Physician w. II
Hunter. caused the death OF John
Rohrty at the county hospital last
Thursday. Rohrty was operated on
for fractured knee cap and died an
hour after he was taken off the oper'
ating table. DR.. Hunter made a post
norton examination Of the body and
an inquest probably will be held
Death was caused by stovaine and
external violence" said DR.. Hunter
1.-The fractured knee cap forms all the
external violence marks that the body
showed, and that in itself would not
cause death. Of course"
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1910-01-17

WASHINGTON, Jan. lit is u
notable gathering of public men which
began here today to confer over the
best way Of making state laws uni.
form. More than 900 delegates were
named by the governors. and more
than half are already on hand. The
session will be concurrent with the
conference OF governors starting to-
morrow. Gov. Augustus K. Wilson. OF
Kentucky. heads the latter list, and
Attorney John c. Richberg. OF Chicago.
the present one.
"A square deal for the laboring
man" Is the way Mr.. Richberg de-
clared the purpose of the session.
Measures to regulate child labor. the