Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-10-31
CONGRESSIONAL CAMPAIGNS
VIA New Alignment Of Parties
By FREDERIC J. HASKIN.

failed to do by direct methods. The Ad
ans administration was without it's own
volition forced into the position of repre-
senting the aristocratic idea as opposed
to the democratic concept of government.
1t was a remarkable coincidence that in
ISIS John Quincy Adams received cleo
toral votes only from the same states
which were carried for his father in 1900,
while Jackson carried all the Jefferson
states of 1900 and all of the new states
which had been added to the Union, with
the exception of Maine, which was of
course, included in Massachusetts, in 1900.
1t is furthermore remarkable that while
the Adams wing party was successful
only in New England, New Jersey, Della
ware, Maryland and part of New York,
the sectional division of the parties was
not yet apparent Both Jackson and Cal
houn were from slave states and both
We're large Shareholders yet the demo-
cratic ticket carried Pennsylvania by
more than two to one and received seven
ty-three of it's lis votes from the free
states. Adams received total of eighty
three electoral votes. of which nine were
from slave states, so that in the free
states the wings cast but one more cleo
toral vote than the democrats. This fact
was cited by Thomas III. Benton to show
that in 1923. almost decade after the
Missouri compromise, there was hos
tile sentiment at the north toward the
slaveholdinig states
The new democracy did not intend to
limit its demand for control over the Of
fees to those chosen by vote. They de-
| manded that the representatives of the
"oigarchy' holding federal offices by
appointment should be removed and that
their places be filed by representatives OF
the people
Before the end of Adams administra-
ton, and after it was known that jack
son certainly
Senate Held Offices would succeed
for Jackson to Fill. dsncv tho dom
ocratic senate refused to confirm nomina-
tons made by Adams. and every place
possible was held open for the incoming
administration When Gen. Jackson got
to Washington before his inauguration he
was literally besieged by hungry Office
seekers. More because of the temper of
his party and outside pressure than be-
cause of his own desires, Jackson turned
out the old of1iceholders, and appointed
his own partisanS in their place. Thus
was created the spOils system and thus
was established the influence of federal
patronage in national politics, which has
been used by every President since that
time.
But there was trouble ahead. The
tariff question was becoming acute, and
threatened to assume the form of sec
tional dispute. The agitation for the pur-
chase OIL texas was bringing the SldNeIy
question into public attention. One or the
Other of these purely sectional issues
mfg have become the principle issue If
it Mad not been for a personal conviction
of Gen Jackson. In his first message to
Congress. against the advice and in op-
position to the will of his cabinet and of
his most trusted advisers. he made an at
tack upon the Bank of the United States
The bank was not at that time a political
issue but Jackson's attack made 1t So
Instantly the country was plunged into
great political struggle between Jackson,
backed by the new democracy and by the
machines of New York and PennSyl-
vania on the one hand and the Bank of
the United States, backed by money
power, on the other.
Tomorrow - CONGRESSIONAL CAM
PAIGNS. VIII. GROWTH OF
SECTIONAL DIVISION.