Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1910-01-19

lanA soils. md and lsgumes for
an soils. feed grains and mill feeds on
the farms where they originate, that the
soils from which they come may be en-
friched.
z A work Of the utmost Importance to in
form and instruct the public on this chief
branch of the conservation Of our re-
sources is being carried on successfully
in the department OF agriculture; but it
ought not to escape public attention that
state action in addition to that of the de-
partment Of agriculture Gas for instance
in the drainage of swamp 1ands) is es-
sential to the best treatment of the soils
in the manner above indicated.
Homesteads and Dry Farming.
The act by which, in semi-arid parts Of
the public domain, the area Of the home
stead has been enlarged from 100 to 800
acres has resulted most benef1cially in
the extension of "dry farming and In
the demonstration which has been made
Of the possibility, through a variation in
the character and mode Of culture, Of
raising substantial crops without the
presence of such a supply of water as
has been heretofore thought to be neces-
sary for agriculture.
But there are millions of acres of COM
pletely arid land in the public domain
which, by the establishment of reservoirs
for the storing of water and the irri-
cation OF the lands, may be made much
more fruitful and productive than the
best lands In climate where the mois-
ture comes from the clouds. Congress
recognized the Importance of this method
OF artificial distribution Of water on the
arid lands by the passage of the reclama-
ton act. The proceeds Of the public
lands creates the fund to build the works
nd FyrrY oh $I10
sary water, and it was left to the secre-
tary of the interior to determine what
projects should be started among those
suggested and to direct the reclamation
service, with the funds at hand and
through the engineers in its employ, to
construct the works
No one can visit the far west and the
country OF arid and semi-arid lands with
out being convinced that this is one of
the most important methods Of the con-
servat1on of our natural resources that
the government has entered upon. It
would appear that over 80 projects have
been undertaken, and that few of
these are likely to be unsuccessful be-
cause of lack Of water or for other rea-
sons, but generally the work which has
been done has been well done, and many
important engineering problems have
been met and solved.
Funds Inadequate for Service.
One of the difficulties which has
arisen is that too many projects in
view of the available funds have been
set on foot. The funds available under
the reclamation statute are inadequate
to complete these projects within
reasonable time. And yet the projects
have been begun; settlers have been
invited to take UP and. in many in
stances, have taken up, the public land
within the projects, relying upon their
prompt completion. The failure to
complete the projects for their benefit
is, in effect, a breach Of faith and
leaves them in a most distressed con-
dition. I urge that the nation ought
to afford the means to lift them out Of
the very desperate condition in which
they now are.
This condition does not indicate any
excessive waste or any corruption on
the part of the reclamation service. It
only indicates an over-zealous desire
to extend the benefit Of reclamation
as possible. I recommend, therefore,.
that authority be given to issue, not
exceeding $30,00O,00 Of bonds from
time to time, as the secretary Of the
interior shall find it necessary, the
proceeds to be applied to the compile
ton of the projects already begun and
their proper extension, and the bonds
running ten years or more to be taken
up by the proceeds of returns to the
reclamation fund, which returns, as
the years go on, will increase rapidly
in amount.
There is no doubt at all that If
these bonds were to be allowed to run
ten years. the proceeds from the public
lands, together with the rentals for
| water furnished through the completed
enterprises, would quickly create a
sinking fund large enough to retire
| the bonds within the time specified. I
hope that, while the statute shall pro-
vide that these bonds are to be paid
out of the reclamation fund, it will be
| drawn in such a way as to secure in
terest at the lowest rate, and that the
| credit of the United States will be
| pledged for their redemption.
I urge consideration of the recon-
mendations of the secretary of the
! interior in his annual report for
! proposing other relief for settlers on
| these projects.
New Law Requisite.
Respecting the comparatively small
| timbered areas on the public domain not
| included in national forests because of
| their isolation or their special value for
agricultural or mineral purposes, it is ap-
| parent from the evils resulting by vir-
tue of the imperfections Of existing laws
| for the disposition of timber lands that
the acts of June 8, 1878, should be re-
pealed and law enacted for the 1ispo-
| sition of the timber at public sale, the
lands after the removal of the timber to
be subject to appropriation under the
agricultural or mineral land laws.
| What I have said is really an epitome
of the recommendations of the secretary
of the interior in respect to the future
conservation of the public domain in his
1 pNWn vol a4r+ n
close attention to the problem of DISPOSE
ton of these lands under such conditions
| as to invite the private capital necessary
to their development on the one hand
| and the maintenance of the restrictions
necessary to prevent monopoly and abuse
from absolute ownership on the other
These recommendations are incorporated
in bills he has prepared, and they are al
the disposition of the congress- earnest.
ly recommend that all the suggestions
which he has made with respect to these
| lands shall be embodied in statutes and
| especially, that the Withdrawals already
made shall be validated so far as neces.
sary and that doubt as to the authority
| of the secretary of the interior to with.
draw lands for the purpose of submitting
recommendations as to future disposition
Of them where new legislation is needed
| shall be made complete and unQuestioned
Disposition Of Forest Reserves.
The forest reserves of the United
States, some 190,000000 acres in extent, are
under the control of the department Of
| agriculture, with authority adequate tt
preserve them and to extend their growth
| so far as that may be practicable The
Importance Of the maintenance of oul
forests cannot be exaggerated. The posi-.
.bility of scientific treatment of forest.
ESQ that they shall be made to yield 6
Large return in timber without really re-
ducing the supply has been demonstrated
| in other countries and we should work