davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-12-16
First Work at Freeville.

Mr.. George told of the first work at
Free~ille, n. Y, where there arc about
1J0 boy and girl citizens Of the Junior re-
public. At the institution they have their
own president, councillors, police judge
and Jail. and the municipal law of the
place is everywhere respected and en-
forced. The citizen who breaks the law
is promptly jailed by the republic police
man and tried in court. Sometimes he
goes to Jail for a brief period, it was ex-
planned, but in the end he becomes a
model citizen.
The idea that the republic is some sort
Of a reformatOry was disclaimed by Mr..
George, who declared that after time
the citizens are model young people to
meet, and in this connection he spoke of
the interest which has been aroused in
the work in Baltimore, declaring that
after a time it would be splendid idea
for young men and women of both cities
to attend the dances which are given at
the institution and dance with the cit
liens.
As yet there is but one girl at the An
napoliS institution. but within short
time IL is expected there will be a large
number. There are now fifty boys al
the place and in many respects the fOun-
der Of the work believes it is model
colony.
The boys have their own bank, where
they deposit the aluminium money paid
them for their work at the institution
AS their efficiency increases this sum
grows larger.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-12-16
FAMINE PERIL IN CHINA.
Million Inhabitants of Flood Strick.
en- Anhui Near Want.

|. Famine impends over more than a mill
lion Chinese i'm the northern part of the
province Of Anhui, section of the coun-
try subject to destructive floods from the
Huai river and its tributaries.
The United States consul at Marking,
after a careful investigation Of the sit
uation. has cabled the State Department
that he finds it bad. The railway now
building from Tientsin to Pukow, oppo-
site Marking. crosses the northeastern
portion of the province, which was dis
astrously affected by the floods OF 1905
and the subsequent famine. The road will
eventually do much to improve the condi-
ton Of the people, who are extremely
poor.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-12-16

most dangerous. When the people be-
come indignant over some insult Or in
jury, they become aroused beyond them
selves They are hard to restrain, and
war may be precipitated without recourse
to careful consideration of the reasons
therefor
THE first reason for war may be set
tied in accordance with the rules of right
rea son; the second and third by an elimi-
nation of the little beginnings which ultl-
mately lead to the great crises.
II do not think that the present diff
Guilty in the way of peace is an unwiil-
ingness to arbtrate. but rather fear
that nations cannot get from any trlbu-
nal an impartial decision. The great diff
ferences in the way nations look at the
same question, the vagueness Of inter-
national laws and the difference in Gus
tom make the temporary tribunal an UNI
certain body.
"The next step in the achievement
tuition for the present arbitration
boards of real courts. where judges
will pass upon the rights OF countries
as they do upon the rights OF individ-
work is to be the decisions between
nations. They will soon become ia
miliar with the ways of all peoples
and their various ways of thinking.
Precedence will be established, and
the code Of international law will be-
come as firmly established as the Con-
stftutiOn of the United States is today"
Canada Has Complaint.
Justice w. r. Riddell Of the kings
bench division, high court Of Ontario,
Canada, delivered an address of deep
est import and pointed out how the
United States in the name Of peace is
violating treaty prohibiting the
maintenance by either country of
armed vessels on the great lakes.
I'm 1904 permission was given the
Essex. an American gunboat carrying
fourteen guns. to. pass through the
ST. Lawrence and the Canadian canals
to the great lakes" said he. This was
done in spite of a treaty previously
made in which 1t was provided that the
United States and Canada would have
no vessels on the great lakes which
carried an armament Of more than one
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-12-16
Tie Vote on French Claims Case

By the tie vote Of % to 81 a motion
to strike the French spoliation claims
from the omnibus claims bill was lost
in the Senate today. Vice President
Sherman's absence prevented the tie
from being broken.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-12-16
Scottish Students Dress.
From the London Chronicle.

From the London Chronicle.
The Scottish university student has
q code of etiquette In clothes as
strict as that Of Eton or Of Harrow
And into 1t the straw hat enters. Sep
tenber Is, be the weather ever so bleak,
the streets are full Of what the small
boy knows as 'strawbashers." On the
18th you will find never a one. On a
students head. that Is. AS for the med
ical student, he seldom wears a straw
hat at all. or anything in its place 1t
Is his pride to go bareheaded, as 1t is
to wear fancy waistcoat and turned-up
trouser ends. The arts and divinity men
sedately avoid these last three fashions
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-12-16

William E. Eyler, killed the first deer
of the present season in Allegany county,
Md, while hunting near Spring Gap. The
animal had been driven by some other
hunters and it crossed near him.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-12-16
TO SHOW THE NEED
Advantages of Convention
Hall to Be Demonstrated.
CAMPAIGN OF EDUCATION
Aim of Promoters of the George
Washington Memorial.
PLAN WILL BE DEVISED

A campaign of education is to be con-
Quoted in Washington to teach the peo-
pie how great will be the advantages
they will receive from the erection of a
great convention hall, such as is con-
templated by the George Washington
Memorial Association. At meeting last
night of the conventions committee of
the Chamber of Commerce, as augment
ed by the appointment of a score or more
additional members to take up this mat
ter, Granville NJ. Hunt. chairman of the
committee, was authorized to appoint a
subcommittee of five to devise a compre-
hensive plan of public education on this
subject.
The project to raise $25O.OOO in Wash
ingtOn as the city's share of the $780,
200 which will be raised throughout the
country by the George Washington
Memorial Association for the convention
hall here received the Endorsement of
the committee. p. j. Haltigan intro
duced resolution approving the project
and proposing to take up the work of
raising the funds in Washington. This
was unanimously adopted.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-12-16

18-pOund gun. The assumption was
that the United States did not intend
TO depart from the agreement, though
l confess my inability to understand
how this was logically consistent.
1.-The Fern. another gunboat, was al
lowed to pass in the same way in 1909
and she is still upon the lakes. Her use
is agreed to be confined to purposes OF
training. In 1907 the state of Michigan
asked for the loan from the United States
Of Il ship The Don Juan de Austria was
loaned, her guns and armament were re-
moved for the voyage, and though nc
pledge was given that they were not to
be replaced, the ship was at the reques,
of the United States. allowed to pass uE
the Canadian canals. In the same year
the Sandoval, carrying secondary bat
terry of guns. was allowed to pass through
Canada for the use of the New York
state militia.
Prepared to Build Ships.
'In 1908 the Nashville received like
permission on like terms. The Navy De-
partment of the United States claims that
there is nothing in the way of treaty
obligations to prevent the building of any
kind of ship upon the great lakes, and
there are a dozen shipyards with plan,
and organization sufficient to build hulls
and machinery and to launch naval YES
sells Of the maximum size to be taken by
the canal system. Canada has no such
ships as those L have mentioned, and ii
cannot be denied that sometimes there
are anxious thoughts entertained arising
from the maintenance on the lakes OF
these ships, though only for training pur-
poses.
THE garrison at Toronto is maintained
chiefly for training purposes, for militia
but it would be just as efficient, were wal
declared as though it were not used fol
training purposes But when all is said
and done, most Canadians realize that
the United States is a friendly nation
and even the variations allowed the treaty
agreement has been of advantage to ali
concerned.
1T is we'll for the United States to con-
slider whether 1t is wise to ask that the
letter of the agreement be set aside. Can
ada would be considered ungracious were
she to refuse to consent to ships beins
allowed to pass up the canals for use on
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-12-16
Might Have Averted Wars.

John w. Foster, former Secretary of
State, by quoting the histories of the
different foreign wars in which the Unit
ed States has been engaged, sought to
prove that by a proper use of diplomacy
every foreign war could have been
averted.
Concluding, he said: 1T is evident that
had arbitration been resorted to. the
United States might have avoided its
foreign wars. with the possible exception
of the struggle for independence. Two
wars we have seen were brought about
by this country. The war of 1872 be-
gan over questions which might have
been submitted to a tribunal at Geneva
as the case of the Alabama was
Benjamin Ide Wheeler, president of the
University of California, declared that
war in its deadliness has DESTROYED it
self. Il must say he continued that
l favor national defense. l favor prep
aration for war a preventive of war
We have talked much about peace, but
where is our mechanism to enforce it?
1t must come with the gradual great i'm
provement of the mind of mankind
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-12-16
The Proposed Memorial.

Mr.. Hunt outlined to the committee the
history OF the movement to erect in
Washington a memorial to the first Prcsi-
dent. He said that Mrs Henry F..
DimOck of New York, in a desire to col
low out the idea of Gen. Washington for
an institution in this city for the dis
semination of knowledge. had hit upon
the plan of convention hall for the
meetigs of national organizations, whose
proceedings usually were instructive in
character and which should be free for
all sorts of public gatherings. The need
Of such a convention hall was indicated.
The proposed convention hall is to seat
from 1900 to 10000 people, and may
be divided off into sections by steel and
asbestos sliding partitions, so that sew
eral conventions may be held simultane-
Ously, if desired.
Around the central hall 1t Is proposed
to place state rooms. which would be
fitted up and maintained by the several
states as permanent headquarters in
which to receive their citizens when in
Washington and also as permanent eX-
hibits of the products Of the states.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-12-16

If you want work read the want COL
umns Of The Star.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-12-16
Vehicle of Scurvy Politicians.

1T pleaSeS me greatly that I have
placed within reach of all some money
| that may be contributory to the great
work of peace. with the great aid of
the brilliant statesmen and the crafts
men of the law l hope that this money
may do good.
I'VE must arouse the masses to a bet
ter understanding of what war is. The
demagogue knows too we'll that by
arOusing mems passions he gets votes
for enormous expenditures in the name
of the so,called honor of the nation. War
is the vehicle of the sCurvy politician
THE people should know this, too
They should realize the truth of the hor-
| ror by which nations are taught that
| they shall kill. I can only hope that
cooperation and the cooperation OF
| every one. And hope that by recogniz-
ing the use OF this fund men will know
| the truth of war-that they will Learn
that war Is crime of nations against
| their God"
| When he had concluded the steel king
was surrounded by an admiring throng,
eager to press his hand
| Following the invocation James r Scott
president of the American Society for the
| Settlement OF International Disputes, as
presiding officer. briefly outlined the aims
and objects or the organization. He in
PRODUCED Senior de Ia Barra, Mexican am
bassador, as the first speaker of the even
| ing.
| The diplomat told Of the part his coun-
try played In the movement for fnterna-
tional peace, and urged the establishment
OF permanent court of arbitration.
After paying tribute to Secretary of
State Knox. the ambassador concluded by
presenting the assurances of the Mexican
minister Of foreign affairs that he would
do all In his power to aid the worldwide
movement.
Roots Plea for Peace.
Senator Root. in a mastery grafton, as
sailed war as brutal. wasteful and
stupid
THE three main causes of war" said
Secretary Root, ARE o.. real differences
between countries in which each believes
it is right; (2), questions of policy where
one nation seeks by aggressiveness to
increase it's trade or acquire territory,
and CD. matters of feeling where nations
are aroused, and the people clamor for
war.
"Of these three causes, the last is the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-12-16
END OF WAR FAR OFF
Continued From First PageD

ment of an International force large
enough to compel the submission of the
defeated party.
| There are SO many obstacles to the ex-
| erciSe of such power in cases where but
| one two nations are interested-so
| many natural jealouSies to be surmOunted
| in carrying out the decree that it can
| hardly he regarded as practica ble
method of enforcement.
1.-The creation of a worldwide public
opinion strong enough to curb the war
like propensities of particular nations
seems to me our only reliance In the
| present state of civilization. Such prog
/ ress has already been made in this direc-
| ton that we may be hopeful, but not
sanguine. that a peace sentiment will
ultimately sweep the whole world into
| it's embrace.
THE first step in this direction must be
| the limitation of ornaments by treaty.
| So long as the great powers of Europe
persist in building and multiplying their
| dreadnoughts. and in training every man
| as a soldier liable to be called upon for
immediate service, employment must be
| found for them to justify their existence.
! The world will not continue to burden
| itself with the enormous expense of mod
| ern armament without an occasional
showing of it's necessity.
while there may be some truth in the
adage that a readiness for war is an as
| surance for peace, there is another side
to the proposition. An instant prepared
ness for one nation invites coalition of
powers to resist it which will ultimately
bring on a general war. This was the
case in NapOleons time.
ITO such efforts as this and kindred
societies may be able to make, to grad
ually increasing pressure of public opin-
ion upon the leading statesmen of Eu-
rope. the world may yet, in the progress
of time, be brought to adjust it's diff
culties upon the basis of an enlightened
judicial settlement"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-12-16
Washington's Share.

1t is up TO Washington. said the chair
man. to raise S2o6,O0O as it's share.of the
s2.5Oo.oOO which the building will cost.
Twenty thousand dollars already has
been subscribed. No call for funds is to
be made until the subscriptions reach
100000. and then quarterly or semi
annually payments may be arranged.
L. j.. Mather. c. c. Crump j.
Louis Willige. o. p Newman and
others suggested cooperation of the
citizens associations, schools, news
papers and churches. and a series
of public mass meeting at which the
project might be explained by distin-
guished speakers. 1t was finally decided
to allow a committee of five to work
out the details of the plan, and report
back to the committee at an early day.
George Gall was elected secretary of the
committee
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-12-16
Opening of Conference.

1t was notable array of speakers that
formally opened the conference last
night at the New Willard, in the pres
ence of an audience Of distinguished per-
sons. For more than an hour before Car
dinal Gibbons pronounced the. invocatie
delegates and visitors were seated in the
red room. and by SIS o'clock every seat
In the chamber was taken and many
persons lined the aisle and stood in the
dOOrWays
Andrew Carnegie who spoke last on
the program, cast aside his prepared
speech and launched forth on an i'm
promptu address that was eloquent and
brief Speakers who had preceded him
had exhausted the technical possibilities
of war, it's causes results and the ineffi-
cheney of international law to adjust dis
.,utes
1T isn't the war. but the danger of
war, that makes trouble" said Mr.. Car
negie. Nations by preparing for war
spend millions and to the purpose that
man shall kill his fellow-man who was
created in the image of God. 1t isn't
the war. but the possibility Of war that
we must fear.
THE moral issue of slavery was what
caused its abolition and the same issue
in war will mark its end. AS man be-
comes civilized he awakens to himself.
He has the divine ability to ascend; as
cend to limitlesS heights. He ceases to
kill, to torture and to destroy
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-12-16
JUNIOR REPUBLIC WORK
DISCUSSED At MEETING
William R. George, Originator
of Idea, Delivers Address
at Gathering.

The splendid work of molding the boy
into a model citizen at the various junior
republics in different parts of the coun-
try. and especially at that near An
napOlis Junction, Md, was thoroughly
discussed at a meeting OF Junior Repub-
lie supporters held at the Arlington to-
day. William r. George of Freeville, n.
Y. who originated the idea Of taking the
refractory boy to the republic and there
modelling him into the ideal citizen. made
q short address.
John l.. NewbOld, president of the An
napOlis Republic, was present, and also
spoke briefly prior to the arrival of Mr.
George. Mrs. Mary S. Lockwood, promi-
nent in the work. presided and in brief
introductory remarks called attention to
the fact that while great philanthropists
are giving enormous sums for the peace
movement and the abolition of war, it
would seem they could also do great
deal OF good if they would divert some Of
this money toward the upbuilding OF the
citizen, which. in fact, is the foundation
of the whole work
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-12-16

the lakes. 1t would look as though she
feared d hostile movement on the part of
her neighbor. and doubted the desire for
peace Of her elder brother on the south.
But since agreement relative To armed
ships was made. one rather fails to see
how the convenience of one nation could
lead to rs modification. National sensi-
blities should always be considered, no
matter how absurd they appear to be-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-12-16

The reinforcements destined for Cerro
PrietO arrived here today. They num-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-12-16
Opinions of n. B. F. Macfarland.


| ton and an international prize court
said H. B. F. Macfarland in his address,
"our government working with other
leading governments, is endeavoring to
secure an International court of arbitral
justice which. we hope, will be prepara-
tory to an absolute high court of justice
for the whole world. without the limita-
| ton which the qualifying 'arbitraP sug-
gests.
THE ideal Of all the great minds given
to this subject has been supreme court
of the nations similar in many respects
to the Supreme Court of the United
States. The United States cOntended for
such court at the last Hague confer
| ence. but was obliged to accept the propo-
sition for a court of arbitral justice as all
that could be obtained at that time.
Some will live to see an international
high court of justice in the full sense,
with full jurisdiction for the settlement
of international disputes by strictly jul
dicial means
Limitation of Sovereignty.
Jackson H. Ralston. presenting Some
Considerations as to International Arbi-
trail Courts" asserted that the estab-
lishment Of such tribunals involve an in
fringement upon absolute national SOW
| ereignty.
He closed his remarks by saying:
THE Hague conventions are bringing
about state of mind-a mental condi-
| tion-which makes war hard, and peace
easy.
Il am not saying that The Hague
peace conventions and their already
| glorious history mean that war is to be
no more. For hundreds of years we
| have been improving national judicial
methods, and have not reached perfec-
| ton.
For a like period we have progressed
toward internal peace, and yet we have
thieves and murdererS. Likewise NAV
we expect for years to come that thiev-
| ing nations and rObber nations will dis
play their characteristics, and even that
ordinarily well behaved nations will I'M
| der stress. fall from grace.
so long as the words sphere of in
| nuence. vital interests balance of
| power, white mans burden remain
honored phrases in national and inter-
ha1ional LANGUAGE. SO long will the idea
| of Wrong-doing. hidden by them, con-
tlnue to exist among men,"
Among the other speakers at the morn
ing session were Alpheus H. Snow. En-
gene Wambaugh, professor Of law at
Harvard University, and Charles Noble
Gregory, dean of the College of Law
Iowa State University. Prof. Gregory
delivered an address on Aviation as
AFFECTING the Judicial Settlement of In
ternatlonal Disputes"
The meeting this evening will be held
at the new building of the pan-American
Union. A reception will follow the ad-
The Newport miner. [volume] (Newport, Wash.) 1899-current, 1910-01-20
ENTIRE CREW
is SAVED BY STEAMER

San Francisco, Jan. l7.-Captain
Rappemundt, his wife, infant child
and lo-year-old son, and the entire
crew of the wrecked schooner San
Buena Ventura, have been saved.
They arrived here on the steamer
Fairhaven This is the first news
Of them received since their vessel
drifted ashore Friday at the mouth
of the Rogue river, Oregon. where
it is now stranded on the sands a
total wreck.
The Newport miner. [volume] (Newport, Wash.) 1899-current, 1910-01-20
Telegraph Company Liable

Boise, Jan IA telegraph com
pany is liable for mistakes in trans
mission Of a message regardless Of
the statement or stipulation printed
on the back Of blank form used
by the sender providing for repeat
ers, and that all claims for damages
must be presented to the company
within 90 days. according to an opin-
ion handed down by the Idaho SUI
preme court.
The Newport miner. [volume] (Newport, Wash.) 1899-current, 1910-01-20
Fair Furnishes Fight.

Los Angeles, Jan. 1.-THE con-
ferees of San Francisco and San
Diego met again to adjust or COM
promise the rival claims Of the two
cities to the Panama exposition IN
1915. They failed to reach an agree
ment A long bitter fight is now
promised, and, if both sides carry
cut their designs, there will be two
international expositions in California
to celebrate the opening OF the
waterway dividing the continents.