The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1910-04-21

union of despotlc governments would
be the tomb Of liberty, both national
and individual.
''In all the progressive nations, out
side Of Europe, the management OF
public affairs is in the hands of the peo-
pie. 1t is most noticeable at the same
time that these movements have char
acterized the progress in political and
moral realms. Wonderful discoveries
and inventions in the physical domain
haYe brought the once isolated nations
close in touch with each other, and
have made possible the formation of
World Unity.
1.-THE clan or family was first applied
to persons descended from one common
stock under chief, and literally means
body of men confederated together
by common ancestry. In Scotland it
was used to designate the Scotch High
landers. There it was the law to have
one man rule the clan who was a re-
spectacle man of rank and substance.
These clans became so large that they
were compelled to divide them into
tribes. The word tribe is derived from
the Latin tres, meaning three, or one
of the three original great divisions of
the Roman people.
These tribes " ere ruled by chiefs
who ruled each division. From this
dates the enlightment of the tribe and
solid foundation for a City State.
The City State arose IN the formation
of the Babylonian Empire and grew so
rapidly that when the light of history
first fell upon the. ancient land it re-
vealed the land between the TIgris and
Euphrates Valley filled with City States.
Each of these states were ruled by a
king and had its patron god. The polit-
zeal side Of our history may be sum
married. by saving that for a period of
almost three thousand years it consists
of annals Of wars waged for supremacy.
Each city was independent and self
governed like modern nation. 1t
made war and peace and held diplomatic
relations with its neighbors. For an
| indivldua! to he eXiled from has city was
to him fate scarcely less dreaded than
death. The devotion of the Greek to
his city was a sentiment which cor
/ responds to patriotism among our
American people This great love and
admiration was all that hindered them
from forming a single nation. In a
word, we may say the wonderful thing
which we call civilization was the flower
and fruitage Of the City State which
finally blended into our present Nation
State ruled a representative of the peo-
pie.
Each year these great nations are
performing some act by which they are
more closely bound together. The In
| terparliamentary Union, composed of
more than 2, 600 members belonging to
some National Legislature or Parlia-
ment, was established in 1906 Because
of the noble character Of the men com
posing this society, and the practical
work of legislation in the different
states, it has accomplished wonders in
working for the organization Of the
world. More has been already accom-
! plished in the way of establishing a
World State than is generally realized.
'In 1899 the International Peace Con-
ference met at the Hague in the Meth
erlands and established a permanent
international Court of Arbitration to
which may be had recourse for the set
Element Of international controversies;
for it may be possible that looking back
a hundred years from now it will be
seen that its establishment was the
most important single event of modern
times. 1t is certainly a reasonable hope
that this great work may terminate in
the establishment of an international
| Congress, which, like the Congress of
our own Confederation, may grow into
a true legislative body, competent to
deal with all affairs of international
concern. If this be the outcome, then
will the second great step have been
taken in the formation Of the World
State and there Will be realized the
words Of TennYson when he said:
" For l dipt into the future, far as hu-
man eye could see,
Saw vision of the world, and all the
wonder that would be;
Till the war-drums throbb'd no longer,
and the battle flags are furId
In the Parliament Of Man, the Fedora
ton Of the World.
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