davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1910-04-01
( GREAT HERTTCE.

The readiustment Of this country q
commercial relations with the rest of
the world effected by the President mn
der the provisions OF the minimum MA Y
imum section of the Payne tariff law IS
an achievement of exceptional political
and economic Importance The admins
tration has brilliantly cOnfutel The
many critics who held such readi1st-
mont To be chimericai. When the mini
mum-maXimum section OF the Payne law
VAS under consideration, not only was
lis good faith asSailel. hut its adequacy
* . means Of securing equal treatment
from foreign nations WAS deridp,I.
Various know il ali anti-protectiOnsr
authorities maintained that, in the first
plGce. the trainers of the T'ayne law
diup't wan; the scheme Of mutual con-
ccsSions - work, preferrinc 10 see the
maximum rates of duty made the nor
NAL rates, and. fn the second place, even
f. the alternative plan were honestly
tried IL coulG result only I'm exciting
foreign resentments and plunging this
country into 2 series Of deplorab,e tariff
wars
The hcllowness Of these two contcn-
tons has now been thoroughly exposed.
The administration has convinced every
foreign nation and dependency with
which we have trade relations that our
offer of minimum tariff rates deserves
compensating courtesy an IFS part.
We are TO grant every foreign customer
entry on most favored nation terms
into our market. and we are TO receive
IN return the material privilege OF enter
ing every foreign market on as cas-,
terms as any competitor. This situation
j. Il notable Improvement on the strait
ened and uncertain one in which the
United States found itself under a sin
gle schedule tariff
The single schedule system hnd proved
q failure. II was inelasiic. ana ef-
forts to modify il 10y means Of special
reciprocity treaties with individual na-
ii0ns fell Of their own weight The trou-
ble was that special commercial treaties
couh not he readily ratified in the Sen
ate. where the interests Of one section
sirenuOUslY cOmbatcd reductions in
duties disaIvantageOus tu them, though
apparently beneficial to he interests of
other sections. Under the Dineley law
reciprocity ceased t1 be "the handInaid
Of protection More than Il dozen rcci-
prOcity agreements were left stra:.ied
on IN" Senate ,1iendar II took over
two years of popular agitation and an
eNtrIordinary effort on the part of rhe
:tfIui iStI'a ion a. tsef through even a
reciprocity treaty with Cuba-a treaty
New-York tribune., 1910-04-01
LETTERS TO THE EDITOR.
INTERNATIONAL PEACE.

To the Editor Of The Tribune
Sir: Perhaps nothing in recent Weeks
has aroused so much profound interest IA
washington as President Tafts signincan'
speech before the Peace and Arbitration
League i'm New York last Tuesday night, as
reported I'm The Tribune Of the Esd Nheh
the national Executive states that he sees
m reason vbv questions Of honor or any
other DISPUTES between nations should De
excepted from the arbitration court anu
hints that possibly even before the opening
of the Panama Canal navies will no longer
,c needed. il looks as though there were
good prospects OF international relations
being placed on business basis. The time
seems near when national revenues shall De
used for internal improvements and thers
shall be no furthe: occasion for ron-pTo-
duCtive expenditures of nearly three-quar-
ters of our national revenues for war pur-
poses.
Mr. Tawnoy's recent comments on the
bsttlcship programme, in which he strongly
deprecated the waste of so many millions
OF money that might otherwise be usefuliy
applied. have paved the way for the resoiu-
tons favored by the World Federation
League, which, within a few days. VIII be
introduced by MIR. Bartholdt. IL is be-
Iieved that Mr.. Taft will favor these reso-
Iutions and that their passage will mean
the appointment of Theodore Roosevelt as
chief commissioner TO bring about work
ing International union OF all nations that
shall render war impossible. And IL is felt
that Mr.. Roosevelt's acceptance of tho task
will mean its accomplishment.
il is generally recognized that this is the
most important problem that an American
Executive has had to face IN recent years.
and that its solution, insuring perpetual
peace for the world. would be the greatest
triumph any ruler could possibly have. The
general opinion is that Mr.. Taft is fully
alive TO the situation and will accredit tho
movement with all his personal and politi-
cal prestige and so render il feasible
Washington, March 26, 1910. V. E.O.
New-York tribune., 1910-04-01

Washington. March 31.-The President
has received messages from every part o'
the country congratuistinS him on 'he
successful outcome of his tariff negotia-
tions with Canada.
President Taft attended the funeral OF
Associate Justice David j. Brewer thiS
afternoon. II is not expected that ne wiz
FIJI the supreme Court vacancy before the
latter part OF May or the first 9are OF
June.
As II was impossible TO get word 10 the
delegations which had engagements iOf
this morning, after the White House orusiS
of yesterday that the President would rot
shake hands with any more large DooteS'
the members Of the baseball teams OF '0'-
nell University and the Philadelphia Na-
tfonsI League Club and eighteen hiEh
school teachers from Meadviile. Penn. WHO
were accompanied By Representative Bates
were permitted TO shake hands with MI
Taft. Senator PenTose presented a oeiSd
ton from Philadelphia
REPRESENTATIVES Hubbard and Stursiss
and ex-governor Dawson of West Virginia
were luncheon guests ar the White House.
Represent ative Morehead presented
delegation from Winston-Salem, ~ e
Representatives Moudeli. Pickett ana
Smith discussed conservation legislation
with the President
The Secretary of Agriculture and Senator
Stone presented Charles r. Barrett. presI-
dent of the Farmers Sations; Union, who
asked the President 10 attend the annual
meeting OF the union at St Louis tne hTsl
week I'm NAV. The President viii give an
answer later.
siIas McBoe. editor of THE Churchman,
was among the Presidents callers lie VIII
sail soon for Europe. where, On June ~
he will attend the Worlds Missionary con-
ference in Edinburgh.
Senator Aldrlch had long conference
with the President.
Among the White House callers were the
British Ambassador, the Cuban Minister
who came to say goodby before sailing
for Europe: the Secretary OF state, the
Secretary of the Navy. the Secretary oI
the Interior. the Postmaster General. sen
ators Nelson, Stone, LoriTne-. Oliver and
owen. Representatives Dwight, Foelker,
Fish, Harrison, Bates, Hamilton, Diekerla,
I.ongworth. PIum1ey. Bartholdt, Morehead
and Johnson. of Ohio; Cole, Kahn. Moxley
and Miller, OF Minnesota; IayIor, AusIll
and Smith, Of California
The President. accompanied By Captain
Butt. went to Fort Myer late this afternoon
to visit Major General j. Franklin Bell.
who was injured IN an automobile accident
recently.
The President dropped in at the orgariza-
ton meeting OF the Ohio Society OF the
District OF Columbia al the Arlington after
the theatre.
Mr. and Mrs. Taft have as house guests
Mr. and Mrs. Albert ingalls,. of Cleveland,
the latter a daughter of Mr.. and Mrs.
Charles p. Taft. They arrived to-day. and
tonight the President and Mrs Taft occu-
pied a box at the New National, having
with them Mr.. and Mrs Ingalls, Mrs More,
Miss Harriet Anderson and Captain Butt
Miss Mary Daingerffeld spier. Of Virginia,
became secretary to Mrs. Taft to-day
New-York tribune., 1910-04-01
A HOMESEEKiNG COURTHOUSE,

To the Editor Of The Tribune.
Sir. The impatience of our worthy Mayor
and of many other excellent citizens at the
delay in the selection of the courthouse site
IS fully justified, yet it becomes evident
that any further encroachment on the City
Hall Park is not popular
Nobody dreams of using Madison or
Union squares, but City Hall and Battery
parks are equally necessary for our health
and will become more and more so as the
years roll by.
i suggest as an eligible site the blocA
bounded by Fulton and Vesey. Broadway
and Church streets. now occupied by St.
PauIs Church and the offices of the Trim
Ity Corporation. We need q courthouse and
can get along with single church. For
downtown Episcopal service Trinity Church
is, for practical purposes. quite sufficient.
If the Trinity Corporation should be un-
willing 10 sell, the city can acquire the
property by condemnation But it would be
foolish for the owners to object, as the city
could afford to pay all the plot is worth
and more than it would cost to remove the
time honored building erected in I755 to a
suitable uptown site.
The Presbyterian Brick Church was 50
removed to Fifth avenue when, some sixty
years ago, Henry J. Raymond acquired the
site for the use of The New York Times"
The Dutch Reformed Church, at Nassau
Liberty and Cedar streets, was sold to the
United States for use as Il postoffice. and
other instances of using church property
for public ana private uses in this and
other cities may be cited
LOUIS WINDMULLER.
New York. March 81, 1910.
New-York tribune., 1910-04-01
IN THE MATTER OF PENSIONS.

To the Editor of The Tribune.
Sir: ] read with interest the letter in
your issue of the 30th. written by William
O. Smith. AS one of the men that are in
terested in the matter Of pensions. I can
not help calling your correspondents at
tentiOn to few facts.
In 1865 the war closed, and at that time
armless and lesless veterans were getting
s. a month. and at that time the payment
was made in greenbacks. which represented
about 81 in gold. Years later the rate was
increased. first to s12. then after another
decade to s15. then later to SIS. then in later
years TO the present rating, which l think
every one of the old boys appreciates.
But still we must not lose sight of the
fact that it was not the officers that did all
the fighting. and if there should be a bill
passed at this late date increasing the Off
GERS pensions. why should not the cripples
suffering in Southern prisons be more
largely compensated?
The average age OF the veterans is at
this time about sixty-eight years. Forty
three thousand Of the old soldiers went
into the eternal camping ground last year.
For heavens sake. 90 not let us besrudse
the men who fought for the old flas what
sentatives in the Congress at this late date.
WILLIAM S. CANON,
Late of Company X, 1st New Jersey
Engineers.
Newark, ~. J., March 81. 1910
New-York tribune., 1910-04-01
GOOD FOR THE BROOKLYN YARD.

The Scientific American is enabled
bv official figures 10 score point for
the Brooklyn navy yard. According to
Il report of the paymaster general ot
the navy. the outlay for repairs on the
Connecticut in four years tSl1,S33b is
S37 .3394 less than has been required by
the louisiana. The two battleships have
the same displacement, armament anu
speed, but the one last mentioned was
built ut private yard. As they went
into commission ut practically the same
time. the difference in expenditure for
repairs bears suggestive testimony to
the difference in the quality Of work
mapsIip bestowed on the two vessels
As the Florida IS being put together
not only at the same yard as the Con
necticuf. but under the direction of the
same constructor-M Baxter-ft would
he surprising If she did not show the
same eXcellenceS. 1t viii be necessary,
Of course. to wait Il few years before
satisfact ctory comparison can be made
with the Utah. her sister ship, now being
built under contract. If, with the vessel
to be launched next month, the Brook
lyn ward achieves q triumph like that
OF 1906. the Navy Department will have
fresh reason for following the practice
of England and Germany in keeping one
or more government yards always busy
with new construction.
The first cost of the Connecticut was
slightly greater than that of the Loui-
siana, but as the former was fitted up rs
Il flagship aud the latter was not, the
excess is partly accounted for. Besides.
in a short time the saving in repairs
would offset the difference in the orig
inal outlay. The completion of the Con
uecticut was delayed by the tardy de
livery of armor, for which the Brook
lyn yard was in no sense responsible.
If there should be no such yexatiouS
experience with the Florida, possibly her
builder may make new record in
promptness, while maintaining his repu
tation for sound workmanship. The
country will watch Mr.. Baxter's latest
endeavors with no little eagerness.
New-York tribune., 1910-04-01

with nci-hboring nation stahulhS III
pec,lliarly intimate relations with the
United states and enjoying its political
protection.
The only practical method Of applying
the reciprocity theory is That adopted
in the Payne law and now successfully
enforced through the administrations
negotiations. Those who attacked the
minmunl-maXimum provision rs piece
Of trichery and then as a certain cause
Of 5nteraationul hostilities now try 10
argue that the United States has secured
no lnaterial advantage through an eX-
change, with the rest of the world OF
minimum rates fer minimum rates.
They nratcud To think that other coun-
tries would nave given US the Dement'S
Of their lowest schedules if we Edd ciif-
selves adopted single schedule. but
this is m absurdity. If the United
States had still only one set OF tarH
rates il would have to take IN eX-
change whatever tariff rates the rest
of the world chose ~ offer. Now, having
something substantial 10 give as w@ls
as something substantial To deny. this
country obtains n far more liberal treat
ment in foreign markets than 1t ever
enioyed before According 10 semi
official statement made i'm Washington,
after to-day from 30 to 60 per cent OF
the products of the United States VIII
he admitted to foreign countries free OF
duty. and of products which pay duties
in foreign countries 50 Der cent viii be
entitled to the minimum foreign rates.
The splendid opportunities for en-
Iarged commerce opened up under inc
commercial arrangements just concluded
measure the notable service rendered TO
the nation through the readjUstment ef-
fected under the minimum-In ma X1mum
provisions uf the Payne act
New-York tribune., 1910-04-01
YrLaTJ0kY WIN CANADA.

President Taft has no. only induced.
Canada 90 rlYlc concessions IN tariff
rats which viii allow hs-r 80 qualify ior
lie benefits II cur minimum tariff
shedsilc bat be has overcome III" spirit
,f indifference ana Isolation which for 4
generation has prevented the develop
...a.sf of closer commercial associations
s.ftyvcci: Canada and the United States.
There was = period in the history u
Canadian American Intercourse when
tha advantages of reciprocity in OK
,ilan.eS were recognized on each side Of
.lc border. bat the two neighbOrs after
ward drew apart. each developing us
..v-,, economic policy without much rel
o.anca 10 the working out of the others.
they have continued 20 deal with cach
cher rs strangers rather than as neigh
1ors. and though IN recent years press
lrre "a the American side-eSpecially
"a New EnCland-haS been strong for a
- isifg - reciprocity. Canadian senti-
n.ert Ias seemed 80 favor more and
mere = course o. aloofnoss ana non-"I-
fanciemeiit.
Objections 10 a:.y negotiations looking
20 tie -er.ovaI II barriers to trade have
oonic from Ottawa rather than froEl
Washington a. Is TIE more surprising
and gratifying, therefore. tl-at President
TAFT lias slicci'e.i,d in eyokin@ from the
tanadian government cordial response
- the Suggestion tat both Canada anG
f'sc nltcl STATE. may profit .iy On
.itr-ed and facilitated ini"rcvnrsc. sec
rfary K8oX s1id ia his lciier of March
-; 10 NT Fi.idl-: "t'ha itarif . 3.Fae-
New-York tribune., 1910-04-01
Ups AND DOWNS OF WAGES.

4 gratifying feature of current news
for some time past has been the increas-
ing of wages by large employers, par
ticularly by railroad and trolley com
panies. This has been done by a num-
ber of the largest corporations IN thls
part of the country, III most cases vol
UNFAIRLY and in some cases altogether
unexpectediy The motives are proba-
bIv various. in some cases there Is
Doubtless a desire TO avoid danger of
strikes or controversies by giving IN
advance what would probably have been
demanded. In some there iS recogn-
ton of the increased cost of living and
therefore the increased needs of enl-
ployes. In some there is Il feeling that
with the increase of business and OF
profits which the companies are enjoy
ing there should he an increase OF re-
10 the employees.
This last is the most admirable of the
motives and is that which many indus
trial reformers think should universally
prevail-that is, that the wages OF the
men should be pr0portioned 70 the profits
of the employer. That Is radically op-
noSed to the ulde" idea that wages
should be determined simply by the cost
of living aud tha: the workman should
get lust what is necessary for housing,
food and clothing. and perhaps little
margin more. no matter how great the
profits of the business might be. The
newer theory is that there should be a
certain degree of prOfit-sharing, if not
in actual dividends to employees, such rs
some concerns grant, at least III in
creasns in wages when increases of
profits warrant them.
With that amiable principle we are
not inclined 10 quarrel. 1t cOmmends it
self TO Justice and equity as well as to
generosity. and the wider practice Of it
would doubtless conduce to greater har-
mony between employers and employees
and to q better standard OF life on the
part of the latter The logical converse
Of il should not. however. he ignored,
namely. that it is equally legitimate for
employers 10 reduce wages when there
is dimnution Of profits. To what ex-
tent w0rkingmen. who now rejoice in
rising wages. would accept that princi-
pie is problematic II is easy and pleas
ant 70 talk about profit sharing. but loss
sharing is "A different matter. though it
is the inexorably logical complement of
tho former
New-York tribune., 1910-04-01
TFrom The tribune Bureau. ;


Washington, March 31.-The French Am
hassador and Nine Jusserand entertained
at luncheon at the embassy to-day Sen
ator Bacon, Mrs. WiCkersham. the Minis
ter from Sweden, Mrs. John Hay. Mrs
James r. Baysrd. Miss Bodrdmsn. Rear
Admiral Brownson. Judge Magoon- Miss
Jane Riggs. the French counsellor and
Mime. Lefevre-Pontalis. the French naval
attach5 and NiscounteSs BenOist d Azy, the
French military attache and Countess de
Chambrun. and the French first secretary
and Nine. dc Perctti de la Rocca-
Mrs. James Bryce viii so 70 New York
on Friday and will sail from there on
Saturday to spend a few weeks in England
She will rejoin the ambassador in this
country in May.
The Minister from Switzerland and Nine.
Ritter viii sail from this country in June
20 spend the summer abroad.
The Ambassador from Mexico and his
two sons nave gone TO New Yorl, for sew
eral days.
The British military sttach6 and The Hoc.
Mrs. Bernard James had guests 10 dine
with them tonight. and aftervard accom-
panied them to the Postmaster General 5
bah. IN the party were 4. Rustem Bey.
Ottoman Charge d'AhaireS; the Brazilian
naval attache and Nine. Marques dc Azs-
vedo. Mr.. and Mrs. Hennen Jennings.
Major Frank II. Cheatham. Miss Mary
Hopkins and Miss Ernst.
New-York tribune., 1910-04-01
THE CABINET.
TFrom The Tribune Bureau.

From The Tribune Bureau
Washington, March 31.-The Secretary OF
the Treasury and Mrs MacEeagh enter
tanned at dinner tonight Senator Brandegee.
the Austrian naval attache and Baroness
Preuschen, the French naval attache and
Viscountess Benoist day, Countess
Gizycka. Mr. and Mrs. Chandler Hale, Miss
Janet Fish, Miss Katherine Jennings. Miss
Wetmore Miss Elizabeth Kean. Miss Deer
ing and Miss Barbara Deering, of Chicago;
Miss Irene Catlin. of st. Louis; Miss Alma
RuggIes. Miss Yvonne Townsend. Mr.. dc
Thai, Russian second secretary; James F
Curtis, Henry G. Emery, Gist Blair, DR..
De Laney. Ephron Catlin, OF St Louis;
r. o. Bailey, Roger MacVeagh and Games
MacVeagh. The Secretary and Mrs Mac
Veagh later accompanied their guests TO
Mr.. Hitchcocks ball.
The Postmaster General was host at a
charmingiy arranged ban and cotilIon to-
night, and. being the only bachelor of the
Cabinet circle, selected Rauscher's for the
affair. Several hundred invitations were
issued, the list embracing the President
and Mrs. Taft, Mrs. More. the Fice-Prest-
dent and Mrs. Sherman, the Speaker and
Miss Cannon, the members of the Cabinet
and their families, members of the diplO-
matte corps and of official and resident
society. The reception rooms. ballroom
and supper rooms we're fragrant with
boughs of apple blossoms and other spring
flowers. while American Beauty roses and
lilacS pink roses and ferns carried out
clever decorative scheme for the small
tables at which supper was served. The
Postmaster General received his guests
unassisted The cotillon. which followed
the midnight supper, was led b. Colonel
Charles l.. McCawley. assisted by George
Howard The favors were dainty conceits
appropriate TO a spring cotiIIon- The
Marine Band furnished the music for the
evening.
New-York tribune., 1910-04-01
AGAINST MANIPULATION.

Rv putting IN end to large lot all or
mono" offers 10 buy or sell the govern
inc committee of the Stock Exchange
makes the manipulation of prices more
difficult and more expensive than it now
i. One of the devices Of those carrying
on a campaign like that in Hooking Val
lev or that i'm Rock Island is to offer 20
buy 1899 cor perhaps 1890 shares all
or none" There may he plenty of bono
fdc stock Offering nj a point below the
price named in the "all or none bid.
Int none of If is accepted and tict-
tious transaction takes place between
the bidder and some other agent of his
principal hv which a false quotation is
established.
Under the new rule the manipulation
Offering 10 buy a large lot must take
all the small lots of 1o0 or multiples of
100 shares up To- the total of his bid.
The result will he that those who are
CARRYING on a campaign in Il stock will
have to absorb the actual stock that IS
offered aud will not he able 10 dodge
that responsibility by naming conditions
that bono fde sellers of stock are not
likely to be able TO meet. And not only
will il cost more to carry on pool. but
the matching of orders becomes difficult
v hen the bidder must accept any stock
that is offered at the price he names.
This is the most important step the
exchange has taken 10 meet the crlti-
cism that manipulation has not been
properly checked by il. Together with
the other changes in the rules Just
il was suggested 10y the
Hughes commission. II the exchange
will also punish Obvious manipulation
while IL is being carried on successfully.
and not visit its disapprobatiOn only on
that fails. there will he
Little ground for complaint that it is
not doing its utmost to purify transac
tons OH its floor