davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1910-06-18
The June Bug Not Harmless

refreshing GOODNESS of the night air
and the inspiration of the new summer
Suddenly, as we sit working or read
ing, our peace is disturbed by buz-
zing object which whirls above us
Then comes sharp thud and silence
A little later the scratching of SIX
pairs of tiny claws tells us the where
abbuts of the intruder But so famir-
lar are we with his kind that we need
not look to know how he appears. tbe
mahogany brown blunderer. with vel
lowish wings sticking out rntfdiIv
from under his polished wing covers.
Nocturnal Providers.
June bugs are nocturnal in habits
though they may usually be seen in
the day time as well. The entomoIo-
gist Of the Texas station has found
that they seriously affect the oak. elm
and boxelder, blackberry and willow.
For killing the adult insects. he recon-
mends spraying the trees on which tbev
feed with Paris green at the rate Of
one pound to $50 gallons water. or
lead arsenate at the rate Of two to three
pounds to so gallons water Also plac-
ing light in the field over tub of
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1910-06-18
Grouping Winter Wheat In Dry Belt
a Sample Field Near Corona "Dry Farnaed'
re of Farming Operations for E. P. & S. W. Railway

cess of winter wheat grown on sum-
mer fallowed land as compared with
that obtained from ordinary methods
Of course the yields obtained at har-
vest time will tell the whole story, but
/ bring the matter to the attention OF
the farmers at this time in order that
if any are contemplating sowing wheat
this fall they might be induced to try
clean summer fallow this summer at
least on a small scale for comparative
purposes. After harvest 1t would De
too late to begin for fall crop
Sowing Wheat.
Winter wheat SOwn after some otner
crop. or on land not summer fallowed,
is almost certain to be q failure ana
the success of winter wheat even on
land previously moistened to several
feet by the use of clean summer 1aI-
low in this belt is very uncertain 10
begin a faIIow now for a crop to be
planted next spring would be more
promising.
If there are any other farmers wh
have fields of winter wheat between FL
Paso and Tucumcari. tributary to the
F. P. & s. w line, I would be pleased
TO have them write me at Tucumcarl'
New Mexico. giving me the location
size and present condition of their
fields I also desire to get the names
of farmers tributary TO the Il. r q
6. w. lines who are attempting to 1rri-
gate from wells, especially with WIND
mills.
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1910-06-18

1.-THE June bugs or May beetles as
they are also called come out of
the ground some time in May
They mate, the male dies and the fe-
male lays eggs during May and June
Each female lays from five to 10 eggs
in the ground several inches below the
surface and when she has performed
this duty she also dies.
In about two or three weeks the eggs
hatch into small white grubs, which
feed upon the tender roots of such
plants as corn, grass, strawberries and
vegetables In the spring of the second
year it looks soft, direF white, with
a mahogany cOlored head and the body
curved in a semicircle. Ddring the
summer it makes a cell three to ten
inches below the surface of the soil,
forms a case to enclose itself and be-
comes a pupa. It leaves its pupa case
in the fall and in May of the next year
the adult June bug as We know it
energies from the ground
Prof. COmstock. of Cornell univer-
sity, says that during the warm even
ings of May and June We throw open
our windows so that we may feel the
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1910-06-18

ure was exhausted in the first six feet
Of the soil and the crops was just be-
ginning to show the need Of rain In
the latter part of May 1 visited most
Of the sections where dry farming is be-
ing attempted along the Z. P. & S w.
line between FL PaSO and Tucumcari,
and Mr.. Traps wheat field is the only
living field of winter wheat I saw. 1t
Is also the only piece OF winter wheat
that 1 know Of having been sown last
fall on summer fallowed land in this
same belt
Had Ample Rain.
This wheat field has had two distinct
ADVANTAGES. one or the other of which
has not been enjoyed by any other
field of wheat at the same time and in
the belt of country in question. First
II is situated at a point between FL
Paso and Tucumcari, where the preclp1-
tation is greatest. although the precipi-
tation at Corona during the period Of
time affecting1 this crop was, in all
probability, no greater than the normal
for some other places between these
two points Second, it grew on sum-
mer fallowed land in which great
deal Of moisture had been conserved
during the summer
Summer FalIOWed Land.
Mr.. Trap summer falIowed this piece
Of land for winter wheat at my sugges-
ton and I have kept it under close
observation in order to gain all the IN
formation we could regarding the sue
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1910-06-18

and he is going to plant it right away
and wait for the rains 10 bring 1t up
This man is r. Branagh, at present
conducting experiments at Rancherla'
Chihuahua. for the Mexican government
and overseeing work for number OF
big concerns in Sonora He says 1t
is better to have the ground entirely
dry at planting time than just little
damp. and he has il dry enough for
all purposes this year He has har-
rowed and mulched it 500 that II VIII
soak I'D AL the rain that falls on 1t
and. although il is hot and dry, he IS
going 10 plant the seed and then walt
for the rain. He says the seed VIA
not spoil as long as the earth Is dry;
that they will lie in the earth a year
without harEn. Therefore, he has gone
down TO his farm with tools and seed
and is going ID 70 his planting ana De
ready for the rains when they come
AS soon as the rains fall, the seed Will
come I'D he says, then he will harrow
right away TO break up the earth
crust and retain the moisture, and he
viii keep this up during the summer
as the succeeding rains fall he IS
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1910-06-18
:, !. :. = :. :. :: :. :. :. :. :. :: :: ::
SUCCESSFUL BEAN GROWING.
(: :. :. : : : : !. : : :
n this region it is possible to T

n this region it is possible to raise
two crops OF beans on the same land
the same year. Some prefer TO plant
corn upon the wheat stubble, others
plant beans and some both corn and
beans. By irrigating the wheat field
Just before cutting, blowing under the
stubble and sowing the corn or beans
at the same time will enable a person
to grow two crops without much trou-
BILE
Mexican June corn may be planted
after wheat and is usually sOwn in
rows four to five feet apart and three
feet in the rows Beans of the Rosillo,
striped California or Amarillo varieties
do well when late planted
Last year J. J. Jacobsen, of Dem
ing. y. NJ, raised about 10000 pounds
of California pink beans. His practice
is to irrigate the ground first and in
about four days after begin the plant
ing of the beans. They are sown about
four inches deep and dropped by hand
after every second blowing The first
irrigation after planting is given when
the beans begin to bloom, the next
when the pods begin to form. Plant
ing is begun about June 20. and may
continue to July 20. Mr. Jacobsen
recommends the use of the bean plant
er where the land is not weedy, other
wise it is best to irrigate 10 bring up
the weeds and then pillow them under
at the time of planting.
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1910-06-18
How To Raise Good Corn;
+. Some Pointers By an Expert

Den< Mexican June. Apache, Squaw,
King Phillip, Australian, Black Next
can and also Country Gentleman sweet
corn. In general it may be said that
varieties that do well in western Kan
sas succeed here.
Method of Planting.
The method of planting is important
as well Corn may be planted with
beans, row Of corn about every II
feet as the natives-do; or plowed in
with six or seven inch plows after the
land has been irrigated and allowed
to dry sufficiently not TO stick to the
moIdboard; or planted in the dry,
plowed ground by hand or with a
planter. irrigated and narrowed before
the corn comes up. Prof. Hiram Had
ley likes the latter method as well as
frrigating first and always succeeds
in securing a good stand. 1t is a ques-
ton. however, whether the roots Of
the corn plants viii go down so far
when the land is irrigated after plant
ing, and whether it can do with as
few irrigations as when plowed in
moist and left with a deep mulch on
topE
Flowing the Corn.
If the corn is pIowed into moist
ground and then dragged with a board
drag 10 even and compact the soil, if
well irrigated the corn should not re-
quire another irrigation until a foot
or more high Using a larger pillow
than is ordinarily used here, but at
taching the clevis high upon the plow
beam so as not to cut deeper than
three or four inches will kill the weeds
more thoroughly and advance the plant
ing more rapidly.
Cultivation is given by blowing or
narrowing and when the field Is small
hoeing is quite practicable Three
workings is about the average to bring
corn TO maturity. It should be seen
to that the ground is kept loose and
wei mulched if the best results are
desired The natives prefer cuItivat-
ing corn by blowing toward the rows
which has the advantage of causing
the roots TO strike deeper
Irrigation Advantages.
One Of the advantages Of Irritating
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1910-06-18

In the interest Of The Herald's
agricultural readers I wish TO reach
rhem Uith a bit Of information that
may serve rbem 10 some useful end
also hope NJ this means to gain
some Information that viii assist me
81 furrherfng the work OF agricultural
investigation along the lines OF the
= p & s " Railway company
81 the first place / wish TO call at
fentEOn 20 q piece Of winter wheat
which s. now approaching maturity on
the farm OF J. c TraDp near Corona,
Eew MexicO- The soil of this field is
q sandy loan Of c0nsiders bic depth
nearly level and not subject 10 over
fI0w BY flood wafer II was clean
summer faifoEed (summer tilied) all Of
last summer At seeding time, Septem-
Der =. 1893. several bOrings made with
q SOL auger 10 a depth of six feet
showed the soil 10 be quite moist, to
that depth- and one boring made in the
center OF the field 70 z depth Of u
feet showed the soil 70 be apparently
a. moist IN the second six feet as in the
upper SIX feet There are two and
fourth acres IN the field It was seeded
broadcast with Turkey Red wheat at
the rate OF 80 pounds per acre, plOwed
Under. dragged and narrowed
Only One Field
When I examined the field last on
Eay z7fh I found q good stand Of wheat
shout IS 10 20 inches high on the aver
age with fair sized heads The moist
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1910-06-18
Plant While Dry
Just Before the
Rains Set In
Solution Of the Farming
Problem In the Southwest

sure that he will get crop. He mas
followed this experience year In ana
year out in the past and never failed
TO get results when the summer rains
were sufficient for anything at all
Last year he made crop on httIe
over three inches of rain and none OF
it fell before the latter part of June
If / waited until after the rains
began TO fall in the summer, he SAID,
Il would lose time and moisture, too
7 would have tO(wait few days AFTER
the first rain before I could pillow ana
then the blowing would disturb the
earth and cause a big loss Of moisture
By planting in dry earth, the very first
rain begins to sprout the seed and L
lose very little of ii, because 1 can be-
gin narrowing at once and by muIchlng
the surface, keep the moisture below
instead of blowing it up for planting
purposes. Then the rains following
will mature the crops unless we have
an awfully severe drOuth.
This may be a new kink in Dry
Farming, but it seems as IL 1t was
the best yet for this section OF the
country where the rainfall is light
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1910-06-18
!: !. :: ! = i : = !: = " :: :: i
POULTRY NOTES.
:. :. :, = :. = = :..* :: :. :. :. :. :.


For colds, LEO of a grain of aconite
in a pint OF drinking water is recon-
mended.
\ chickens comb is an excellent indi-
cation of its state of health. and TO
some extent tells the history of the
fowls treatment during growth.
To get winter eggs, feed hens bran
and corn meal with tenth part by
weight of cOttonseed meal, also meat
meal and green feed.
Two broods of chicks may easily be
put with one hen in mild weather; IL
chicks is enough when the weather IS
cold.
Turkeys may be sold cheaper at
Thanksgiving than at Christmas time
because they have not had as much
grain expended on them. Since turkeys
eat weeds, seed, grass, corn fodder,
grasshoppers and other insects ii Is
cheaper to raise them than chickens,
provided there is sufficient pasturage-
The chicks from a poor hatch are apt
TO be of inferior quality. for the causes
that prevented the majority of the
eggs set from Matching may also serve
to produce poor fowls from those eggs
that did have vitality enough to hatch
Overlooking and bird lice are potent
factors in reducing the yearly produc-
ton of eggs. An overfed hen becomes
slothfuI and reduced in vitality and
does not lay eggs like an active, well
conditioned fowl. The presence of lice
is easily detected, one of the easiest
signs being the sickly-cOlored comb.
Always have a dust bath where 1T may
be easily reached and where the rain
and wind will not destroy its insecticide
properties.
Turkey hens may be kept with profit
for years, but the gobblers should be
changed every year. Until the young
turkeys are six weeks old they are deli
cate and die easily, but after passing
this neriod thew are usually safe.
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1910-06-18
:. :. :. = = :. :. :. :. :. :. :. :, :. :.
POINTS FOR
GOOD MILkERS.
!. :. :. :. :. :: :. :. :: :. = :: :. :, :.

- - - - - = - - = - - - - - - - -
The Texas farmer recommends the
following for the consideration of dali
rymen:
l. The mixer should be clean in all
respects; he should not use tobacco:
he should wash and dry his hands be
fore milking.
2. The miIker, should wear clean out
er garment, used only when milking,
and kept in clean place at other
times
3. Brush the udder and surrounding
parts just before milking, and wipe
them with a clean, damp cloth or
sponge.
4. Milk quietly. quickly, cleanly and
thoroughly. Cows do not like unneces-
sary noise or delay. Commence milk
ing at exactly the same hour every
morning and evening. and milk the
cows in the same order.
5. Throw away (but not on the
floor, better in the gutter) the first few
streams of each teat; this milk is very
watery and Of little value, but it may
injure the rest.
6. If in any milking a part of the
milk is bloody or stringy or unnatural
in appearance, the whole mess should
be rejected.
7. Milk with dry hands; never al
low the hands to come in contact with
the milk
8. Do not allow dogs. cats or loafers
to be around at milking time
9. If any accident occurs by which
a pail full or partly full of milk becomes
dirty, do not try to remedy this by
straining, but reject all this milk and
rinse the pail.
10. Weigh and record the milk Civ
en- by each cow, and take a sample
morning and night. at least once a
week, for testing by the fat test
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1910-06-18

first and then blowing In the corn Is
that the irrigation starts the germlna-
ton Of thousands Of weed seeds which
are killed by the blowing Other ad-
vantages are that q deep mulch is left
over the seed without further cultiva-
ton; the seed may be planted deeper
with good prospects of a stand; the
roots go deeper; the loose surface al
lows better soil ventilation and does
not pack about the plants; and the
crop requires no further attention I'M
til about knee high.
Corn can bear considerable drouth
and should not be irrigated too often
When the leaves turn a dark green
and look parched, or tend to wilt when
the day is hottest, it is time to irri-
gate. The first irrigation after ger
mination. in particular. should be de-
ferred.~ as long as there is sufficient
moisture in order that the roots may
be induced to go deeper in search OF
water instead Of remaining relatively
close to the surface. After the irriga-
ton the land should be cultivated TO
renew the mulch.
Keeping Gut the Weeds.
Keeping the land free from weeds
and well mulched will enable the crop
TO advance steadily with a very few
irrigations- Water should not be lack
ing when the silk and tassel have ap-
peared and the ears are developing if
the best results are desired. The num-
Der of irrigations necessary for ma
turing a crop Of corn is extremely vari-
able. Many years the natives raise
good crops without any, but the irri-
cation given before the corn is planted;
others irrigate as often as six times,
or every Is to % days The number
of irrigations depends upon the nature
of the soil and. subsoil a light or
heavy soil with quicksand a short dis
lance below will dry out quicker than
a silt or clay loan with a heavy sub
soil: upon the efficiency Of the first
irrigation, for if the land is plowed
before irrigation or else irrigated very
slowly the water sinks in sufficiently
to form an adequate supply for a con-
siderable period: upon the rainfall; the
number of civilizations; the number Of
hot, windy days or cloudy ones; the
density of the growth, for if too much
space is left between hills the ground
is not well shaded and suckers form
from the lower uodes which yield no
grain and use up plant food ard mois-
ture.
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1910-06-18

-p RAISE good corn Il Is necessary
IN nave the soil well prepared
10 use good seed and TO plant
a-F cultivate properly Soil ploWed
49,, IN The fail or early in the spring
has had time 70 become well aerated
and healthy 10 have set free plant
~oaf and stored moisture The winter
F-a~rs cause TIE cIOds 10 weather ana
trezk I'D into fire particles, making
narrowing IN the spring much easier
one blows principally TO pulverize the
sol bur also % cover and kill weeds
and insects and &c furnish a reservoir
Tor rhe retention q moisture as well
- 10 enable the plant roots to grow
downward readily
spring blowing n regions where II
rfgarion Is not practiced may leave the
sol too loose and not sufficiently set
Ties. but where the land is usually If
rIgated before planting corn this is not
50 important for the water will cause
n. soil 20 resume its former compact
state
Coed seed Necessary.
OF course good seed is essential 1t
should re bought from a reliable seed
house or grower and OF the variety
ADAPTED 70 eur region Attention should
also be given 70 the time Of planting.
Mexican June corn. for instance, should
p. planted not earlier than June if the
best Yield Of grain is desired; and
I-g day corn should not be planted late
In JFIy Z Il is expected 10 mature
OsSar Snow has tried many varieties
- corn and secured good results from
rle following Hickory King, Masto-
don Iowa Silver Mine. Reeds Yellow
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1910-06-18

ting away the rough edges when trees
are injured through cultivation or wind
storms and applying paint viii keep the
tissues from drying out and new bark
will FORM
The original Concord grape vine may
still be seen in Concord, Mass An oak
panel carved by E ". Bull, the origi-
nator, who died last fall. hung on the
enclosing trellis bears the following in
scription: L looked about to see what
l could find among our Wildings. The
next thing to do was to find the best
and earliest grape for seed. and this
found in an accidental Seeding at the
foot of the hill The crop was abund-
ant, ripe in august and Of very good
quality for a wild grape / sowed the
seed in the autumn of 1913. Among them
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1910-06-18
= :. :. :. :. :. = :. :: :. = :. = =
LOCOED HORSES AND CATTLE.

). :. :. :: :. = :. = -: :. :. :. = :. = =
Chronic loco poisoning is the result
of feeding on the loco weed for weeks
and months and the recovery under
treatment with arsenic for horses and
strychnine for cattle is very slow. Con-
seouentIy. unless an animal is worth
enough 1t hardly pays to treat it.
The Southwestern Farmer and Breeder
reports the experiments conducted at
Hugo, Colo. with various antidotes on
animals with strong symptoms OF
poisoning. In the early stages, the ois-
ease may be cured by taking them
avav from where they can eat the loco
weed and feed them on alfalfa and
grain. For those in advanced stages,
alfalfa and oil meal or other feeds
with laxative properties are recon-
mended to remove the constipated con-
dition of those chronically locoed.
Doses of / lb. Epson salts given in the
form of drench to mature cattle,
ounces to calves, s ounces to horses and
4 ounces to full grown sheep will be
found effective
Fowler's solution was found best TO
improve the nervous condition of
horses. and was given in daily doses Of
4 10 drams or Is to 20 cubic cent?
meters. in the grain or drinking water.
Ordinarily not less than one month was
required to effect results.
Strvchn1ne was given hypodermicaIly
10 cattle driven into a chute in very
small doses not exceeding 800 or 4-20
of a grain. or O.O09 to O.012 OF a grain.
The maximum dose for large animals
is y grain. AS with horses the treat
rnent should be continued at least
month. but with small doses for other
wise the animal is easily killed.
To kill the loco weed it is not neceS-
sarv to dig up the whole root, but if
the purple or white loco weed is cut off
below the crown of buds the plant will
not live. It viii not sprOut from the
roots, though terminating seed near the
plants sometimes give that impression
El Paso herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931, 1910-06-18
:. :. :. :. :. :. :. :. :. :. :: :: :. :.

"IE high price of pork has caused
such an usual interest in hog
raising that experiments like the
one recently completed at the Ohio ex-
pertinent station are of timely value
The experiments were with young
growing hogs and lasted 66 days. The
main food was corn meal used in con-
nection with soy bean meal, wheat mid
dlings, digester tankage and skim
milk.
The first pen of pigs was fed on
corn meal alone, Of which 1858 pounds
were eaten by each pig daily, making
an average daily gain Of 81 pound,
with a consumption of 617-7 pounds of
corn meal to make 100 pounds of pork.
Rating corn at Sc cents q bushel, or l
cent a pound, feeding corn alone made
100 pounds of pork cost s6.1S-
Feeding corn meal and soy bean
meal in the proportion of to to the
second pen caused $50 pounds to be
consumed, with a daily gain of LOS
pounds, requiring 1919 pounds of the
mixture to make 100 pounds Of pork.
Figuring soy bean meal at $40 ton,
the cost Of 100 pounds of pork was
S4.71.
Those fed on cornmeal and middlings
half and half consumed 5.27 pounds
daily;fon cornmeal and tankage in the
cornmeaI and skim milk in the proper
ton of 1 TO 2.77, SIS pounds of corn
meal and 1928 pounds of skim milk
The average daily gain for those fed
on cornmeal and middlings was 1-25
pounds; on cornmeal and tankage, 1-61
pounds; and on cornmeal and skim
milk, 2.23 pounds
1t requires 421.6 pounds of cornmeal
and middIings TO make gain of 100
pounds; 1902 of cornmeal and tankage;
1888 pounds of cornmeal and S04S
pounds of skim milk.
Rating tankage at $40 a ton, the cost
Of 100 pounds of pork when fed tank
age and cOrnmeaI was S412; middlings
at s2S a ton, with cOrnmeal, S5.06; and
skim milk at 10 cents per 100 pounds,
with cornmeal, SAIL
Since a mature hog cannot drink
enough skim milk to balance the ra-
ton, it becomes apparent that cornmeal
and tankage is the cheapest ration OF
those tried. 1t has been the experience
everywhere that the gain will be great
er the more the pig can be induced to
eat So in the above experiment the
greatest gain came from feeding corn
meal and skim milk, the next from
cornmeal and tankage, and the least
from cornmeal fed alone which was
also the most expensive