The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1910-02-04

service to the state in which Is situated and which
it owes its support it should be able show how the
theoretical work of the laboratory applied
the lettering of human conditions.
The agricultural and the engineering experiment
lions at the university have been attempting to give the
practical of the state information regard the
best of preventing wastes of obtaining the
greatest efficiency in the various fields of their endeavor
similar attempt is being made by the department Of
psychology of the university to show to the schoomen
of the state how they time and how they
regulate the school as to get the
greatest results with the least possible expenditure Of
energy.
All knowledge is based fundamentally upon memory
it quite obvious that the most economical meth
DDS of learning discovered and applied tremendous
wastes in the schooroom will be saved 1t is striking
fact that most students who to the university do
not know how to properly memorize their material They
lose very large amount of time that might be saved
greatly to their advantage if they had the simple know
edge of how to about their work before them What
is true of the university student undoubtedly
to greater degree of the pupils in the public
schools. It is clear that if the what was
the best method by which the pupil could memorze
certain material and could train that pupil in
DDS of highly beneficial results would be
p]ished.
Working along this line. some years ago the depart
ment of psychology at Illinois instituted series
experiments to determine possible the exact
facts concerning what is technically know as the idea
tonal types Of school children the these
types to the memorzng of different kinds material
BY the deatona type the psychologist understands the
sort of mental imagery in which person thinks-for
example if child recalls in imagination bird he may
do so by having mental picture of the bird WIS.,
ible object he may recall the bird in terms of the
song that it sings. 1t is further possible that he may
not in thinking of the bird, mentally recall it's
song but that he may merely the word bird written
or hear it spoken attempt to pronounce it himself
If he actually the bird in his minds eye he is said
to have concrete visual imagery If he hears the song
that sings mentally he is said to have concrete audi
tory imagery. If he not the bird but word he
is said to have Missionary imagery instead
OF seeing the word hearing he simply has men,
tai imagery of pronouncng the word he said to have
verbal-motor imagery
1t is then possible for the person in his ordinary
thinking to employ either concrete imagery which he
recalls the actual object presented through some Of
his senses or to employ verbal imagery in which latter
case he does not recall the object at ALL but in which
ne recalls the printed symbol for that object either in
VISUAL auditory or motor terms. Is possible also to
have not only concrete visual auditory imagery but
to have concrete motor imagery WELL A person. for
example, In mentally recalling a foot race may think
OF the runner as he appears ready the starting sig
nal, or he may think of the starting signal or finally
he think of the muscular sensations which come in
running the race In this latter he would think Of
the runner In terms of concrete motor imagery
Probably the football player, in recalling the expert
ences of the game in which he has taken part does
not see the plays as the spectator the grand
stand, but recalls them in terms of the movements
which he makes in executing them.