davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1910-05-14

ordered by Mr.. Stanton while Sher-
man and Meade's. armies were waiting
around Washington The secretary Of
war wished the president, the cabi-
net, congress, the country, to see what
an army meant and ordered that
Meade's@ army on May % and Sher-
mans on the gath pass in review be-
fore the members Of the administra-
ton. ~ The pageant was by: far the
nohlest this land has. ever seen. It
was not the glitter Of the thousands of
bayonets and sabers and polished
brass cannon which made it so, not
the ,hundreds OF battlehags and BAN
i,ers in line; not tn splendid gathering
Of generals. who had distinguished
themselves in the; -war---Meade. Sher-
man, Custer, Crock, Hartranft, Miles,
Howard, Logan, Blair, 2uell. 1t was
the men In ranks who for. six hours
on one day, seven on the other, passed
sixty abreast ia cadence step through
the wide Washangton avenues. The
great -thtong which had gathered in
washington to- witness the review sat
as il spellbounds wat ching. hour after
hour these great blue MASSES passing
as steadily and rhythmically as an
ocean tide. Now and then men turned
wondering dazed eyes, to each other
and asked Where did they all come
from? Havs we sent 80 many men to
the front? Is &c true that this Is but
one NTH Of tho army e with this
surprise at the numbers came q deeper
surprise that an army looked like
this For four years they had been
seeing soldiers daily buoyant lads
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1910-05-14

how often the serried regiments had
been cut to fragments and reflled, they
carried away, a great thankfulness.
They saw now why the young republic
had been able to agrapple successfully
with the most dangerous enemy a
country can have-an evil within. If
the belief that a great principle was In
danger could raise up such body of
men as this, then government by the
people was no longer an experiment.
For the north the grand review was q
benediction on the civil war.
In the interval after the order for
disarmament came and while the
troops were marching to their rendez-
vous transportation by river and rail
had been preparing to take the men
to their state camps. All the steamers,
cars, engines; OF the north were at the
service of the government Tor this
task. Indeed, from now on the trans
portation service Of the north existed
first for the soldier. Everything was
ready then when on May 70 the first
body Of Shernan's and Meade's SOL
diers was marched to- the station S;
Washington to lead In the northward
flow Of the armies. So perfect were
the plans, SO complete the preparation
that in the next forty days the one
little railway which then led from
Washington to the Relay House, a
junction north Of the. city, carried
away 233,200 men. 1885 horses and
4,S00,S5O pounds OF baggage. All the
states Of the north were represented in
the two armies, 80 that at the Relay
House the solid stream which had
flowed from the capital divided fol
east and west. At Baltimore and Par
kersburg these branches divided again
The troops for. New England, New
York and portions Of the middle ives,
were taken BY rail Ito Now York city
Here they were reassorted and sent
TO their several states. Those for the
northwest were transferred to steam
ers 1t Parkersburg and carried down
the Ohio to Cincinnati, Louisville
Lawrenceville, Ind. and st. Louis and
again divided and forwarded. soor
every railroad Of the north, the Ohio
the Mississippi the lakes, was carry.
Ing "a ceaselsss stream of men. Il II
Join the troops from Nashington tliers
! soon came those tho had been mus.
tered out &c Louis illes harieston
st y
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1910-05-14

force was completely engrossed- in
sightseeing, the interest beginning
with General Sherman himself, who, in
his eager desire to see and know all
possible of the campaign of the Army
of the Potomac, shifted from column
to column, visiting en- route Spottsyl-
vania, Fredericksburg, Dumfries and
other fields. The war was over, and
already the day Of "reminiscences had
opened.
The first large bodies Of troops to
reach rendezvous were Meade's and
Sherman's armies, both of which by
May 20 were encamped along the Po-
tom8c, opposite Washington. most Of
them within sight of the dome OF the
capitol In all the two armies num-
bered 100000 men, brought from the
field since the surrender Of Lee. =: =.
The second step in the disbandnnert
was the preparation Of muster out and
payrolls. Just what. this entailed only
those who have examined the rolls can
realize. On them every mans army.
history had to be registered, his rank
and age, when and where and by whom
he was enrolled, when and where and by
whom mustered in, when last paid, and
. " "AAe SAA4AS, ~" AoA lag A<1u tFdVSl0Q,
what subsistence and forage he had
furnished, what equipment and cloth
ing he had received, his absences, spe :
cial duties. promotions, wounds, iii !
nesses- IAN array of figures, dates and
facts upon whose accuracy all the. fu-
ture relations Of that man with the
war department must be regulated.
The mere printing Of the blanks Of
these rolls and Of the discharge papers
for the men was keeping the govern
ment printing. presses busy night and
day, while filling them meant work-for
hundreds Of officers and clerks.
Everything was ready for this work
when Sherman and Meade reached
their rendezvous and headquarters
were at once established and the rolls
started. zsfa .ssSS
The delay necessary to making out
the rolls caused everywhere q percent:
age Of trouble. Why he could not 81
dtsbanded at once many 4 volunteer
could not understand. The war. was
over. and he wanted to- 60 home.
The men were kept IN order ~ regu-
lar drilling and By many ,reviAsvs. I'M
greatest Of these was Il sraud review
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1910-05-14

Savannah, Mobile, Vicksburg, st.
Louis, Nashville, and the whole
country north Of the Ohio was crisis
crossed with lines of living blue. :
It was characteristic of the fore
sight with which the entire business
of disbandment was managed that it
was arranged that the soldiers should
not be paid until they were within the
restraining and protecting influence of
their own homes. The soldiers, their
pay in their pockets, would certainly
have deserted in shoals in the delays
at rendezvous and camps, and most of
them would have been easy prey for
the crowds of sharpers which gathered
at every point, hoping that pay day
would put the men in their power
This disorganization was prevented by
making pay day the last day in the
process of disarmament. The matter
was the more important because the
sum to be distributed was so large
The Army of the Potomac had not
been paid since Dec. 81, 1854, Sher-
mans and Thomas armies not since
August, 1864. There were bounties
coming to many men and officers. The
aggregate, amount of money paid out
to 100000 men discharged by Nov. 1t
was about $270,0O0,O0O.
Thus it was that, though a man
reached his state camp penniless. he
found himself free few days later
with a. comfortable sum in. his pocket
The first use he made Of his money
in most cases was to buy the arms he
had carried through his service. These
arms belonged to the government and
were to be deposited In the state ar.
senals unless bought by the men
Many preferred to do this, and so, with
knapsack on his back, mLsket in hand
the soldier presented himself at last
at his own home door.
It was on May 20, as has becr
stated, that the hrst soldiers left theil
rendezvous. BY Aug. Z General Win.
cent was able to report 640.s06 volun.
teers mustered out; ~ Sept. II. TAI,
lot; by Nov. Is, s0o.s63: by: Feb. is
1866, 952,452. s#.s5 q
In nine months practically the whole
force OF volunteers had been returnef
to their homes The disarmament haf
been accomplished SO easily. so quick;
;ly, that the country had hardly real.
fed what was going on. ...
What followed was even more won.
derfnl.
The soldier was at home, and now
according to all prophets, the countr,
must see trouble. AS soon az tn,
order to disband the volunteers hat
gone forth the north had begun t,
ask itself what they. were going t,
do with the million men about to innn,
date them. Those Of the country VIII.
took forethought who knew the his.
tory Of the peoples. who had studiet
the phenomena OF population, looket
with foreboding on the coming deluge
As matter Of fact, the men hal
gone to work. The soldier, lof 1856 dill
not ask to be codd1ed. He was . man;
III, matter OF fact Individual, who, hav,
ing done bis best at nShtinS and hay
ing enjoyed It for the most part, cam,
home, the Job done, with. one idea |,
his mind to get smother He had no
begun to estilnat ll,l66 much tn coun
Try oyvsd him. he laA no stc1asch "a
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1910-05-14

N tine ESC Or april -tb65,
Federal army of over mil
lion volunteer soldiers hem
med in the ten southeastern
states of the present Union. 1t had
taken four years for this army to
stretch itself from the mouth of the
southwark to the gulf and thence along
the coast to it's starting point. But at
last the Gordon was practically un-
broken. Not only had the Federals in
closed the Confederacy; by capturing
and holding the Mississippi river and
by fighting their way from Louisville
southeastward through Nashville and
Atlanta to Savannah they had sepa-
rated it into three enormous divisions.
In all parts of the vast territory
they had engirdled and dismembered
there were armies and garrisons.
Meade, with 100000 men, besieged Lee
in Petersburg. Sherman's army Of
$4,000 men was waiting at Raleigh,
N. c., for a battle with Joe Johnston.
Thomas, who commanded the 10000
men in the department Of the Cum
berland, was engaged in clearing the
states in his division of the few Con-
federates remaining from the defeat of
Hood in January. Candy, with some
10000 men, held the Mississippi from
Memphis to New Orleans and opposed
Dick Taylor's army, then in Alabama.
There were forces in Texas and Arkan-
sas, in the forts and outposts along
the captured lines, holding towns,
guarding hospitals, caring for prisoners
and freedmen.
So long had il taken the Federals to
accomplish this work that even now,
in spite of the positions they held and
tAeir vastly superior forces-the mil
Mon volunteers Of April, 1865, were op-
posed by less than 100000 Confeder-
ates-there was in their ranks no gen.
eral belief In speedy victory. They had
heard so many times that the back
of the rebellion was broken that they
had almost ceased to expect an end
to the war
That their skepticism hinged on
their respect for the ability Of sin
gle one of the leaders opposing them
General Robert r. Lee-is evident
from the effect produced on them by
the news that April Lee had sur
rendered his army to Grant. "The
war is over" was the universal chorus
of the volunteers And they were
right. Like a structure from which
the keystone has been wrenched the
Confederate army fell apart. Two
weeks after Lee surrendered his force al
Appomattox Joe Johnston surrendered
to Sherman. On May 4 Dick Taylor
surrendered to General Candy in. Ala.
bama, and on May 26 the forces ives,
of the Mississippi commanded by
Kirby Smith were surrendered to thu
Federal authorities: Smith fleeing tt
Mexico In six weeks all the organ
lied forces Of the Confederacy hat
laid down their arms, and the grea
majority of the men had given theil
parole not to take them up agains
the United States until properly ex
changed The army of a million vol
unteers had finished its work. ..,.
Almost the first thought of the Fed.
eral war department when the news
of Lees surrender reached it had been
"Now we can disband the armies
thought followed Immediately BY tn.
question, "How can it be done - TIL,
question was one to tax the fore,
sight; the experience. the energy 8
even Secretary Stanton, great as wa.
his skill in handling bodies Of men. /
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-02-18
SEEKS RELEASE FROM
ST. ELIZABETH ASYLUM
Man Committed There by His
Brothers Declares He Has
Recovered.

Alleging that he has recovered from
mental arrangement following an over
indulgence in intoxicants and that he is
now competent to manage his affairs,
Joseph +. Weaver today filed a petition
for writ Of habeas corpus to secure
his release from the Government Hos
pital for the Insane. where he says he
was placed by his brothers in October,
1908.
Weaver was adjudged insane December
II, 1900 and Robert ID. and Henry =.
Weaver appointed committee Of his es-
tate and person.
Through Attorneys NJ. w. Sullivan, M.
F. Mangan and j. G.. Cuttings 1T Is claimed
that no steps were taken to restrain
Weaver's liberty until october q, 1905,
when the petition charges that without
good reason his committeeman carried
him to the asylum, where he is now de-
tanned. He declares that although they
know he has recovered they refuse to
have him released, and he therefore claims
to be Illegally restrained of his liberty.
Justice Gould has issued the writ OF
habeas corpus requiring the presence OF
the petitioner before him next Wednesday
morning.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-02-18

better fighting man than one who has
not those virtues. 1t is true in civil life;
why should it not be so in the army?
"A Confederate soldier, seeing a rab-
bit take to its heels during one of the
charges at Chickamauga. yelled. Run,
you white tail: if ] didn't have charac-
ter at stake I'd run too The man who
has a character at stake is the least
likely to run in the face of danger; and
religious conviction is the greatest molder
of character.
MANY people have the impression that
the soldier, to be good fighting man,
must be somewhat of swashbuckler.
But the best soldiers are not swashbuck-
lers.''
Gen. Miles to Soldiers.
Gen. Miles, who was greeted with pro-
longed applause, said, in part:
IF 1 can say one word that will prove
source of encouragement to a single
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-02-18

a stronger looking class of men than We
have in our military establishment: ana
the work Of the Young Mems CHRISTIAN
is source of great graft
fication to those who have the best IN
terests OF the American soldier and sailor
at heart.
ssYou are fortunate in having the lives
of great men who have gone before TO
look back upon and learn from. Few OF
them have had the opportunities or ad-
-vantages you have"
Music by Cavalry Band.
Music was furnished by the 18th Cav
airy band. The special guests were:
Joseph NJ. Dickinson. Secretary of War;
II. B. F. Mcfarland, Gen. Nelson A.
Miles, Admiral A. S. Barker, Gen. George
H. Harries, w. B. Millar, army secretary
internati al commission, Y. NJ. c. A.;
Col Joseph Garrard. Col. w. E. Harvey.
Lieut. Col William c. Langfitt. Lieut..
Col. Henry C. Davis, Lieut. Commander
Guy H. Burrage, Chaplain George H.
Robinson. Capt. George c. Barnhardt,
Capt. Warren w. Whiteside. Capt Henry
c. Smither. Capt. T. N. Horn. Capt. How
ard H. Bailey. Capt. George w. Moses.
George Otis Smith, president Y. NJ. c. A.;
William Knowles Cooper. Stacey II. Bri-
ant H. Bradley Davidson, Fred III. Fish
back. Percy H. Foster. A. +. l.. Leckie,
Charles K. Ober, William Jessop, Myron
j. Jones, Charles E. Barker. M. D.: DR..
John Wesley Hill and Arthur l.. Smith,
secretary Army and Navy Y. M. c. A.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-02-18
FINED INSTEAD OF Welded.
Would-Be Bridegroom Charged With
Inducing Perjury.

NORFOLK, Va, February 1S.-On the
charge OF procuring the services of an
other to swear falesly as to the age OF
the girl whom he wished to marry, James
Mason, a young man of South Norfolk.
was yesterday fined 500 and sentenced
to one day in Jail.
Miss Mary Wallace. the girl, was but
fourteen years old. Mason got a young
man who gave his name as Luther Walk
er to swear that she was TWENTY-FIVE The
girl refused to marry Mason after the
license had been procured. Her father
swore out a warrant for his arrest.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-02-18

neau to carry all his children had to pay
more of a tax than the man who had
no children. And this is against public
policy" said Mr. Duvall.
injure the macadam roads, Mr.. Duvall
said 1.-The chief of the bureau of good
roads of the Department OF Agriculture
said at the meeting of the A. A. A. at
the New Willard only day or two ago
that he had communicated with thirty
seven states and had received replies that
an automobile going at twenty miles an
hour does less damage than a horse
drawn vehicle going at seven miles an
hour
up and Injuries the asphalt, while an
automobile does not, and there is no So
called wheel tax for carriages. There is
a cry for this tax on the part Of people
who do not use the streets. perhaps. But
if that We're the case childless couples
would protest against the support Of
schools and Fairgrounds. People who do
hot walk might protest against sidewalks
Is Taxed Four Times.
DO you know that a man owning a
single thousand-dollar car SSlich he hires
out is already taxed four times, and this
wheel tax would add a fifth burden.
First, he is taxed SIS for the personal
property. Then he'is taxed 50 for keeping
public vehicle. He pays so cents. for a
badge for the chauffeur, dollar for the
number tag and $50 for housing a vehi-
Gle for hire-nearly ISL: and this wheel
tax of 50 would bring it up to $50. And
at the same time a liveryman owning a
thousand-dollar team and carriage for
hire pays only $24.5O taxes.
''Also this tax would affect machines
owned and merely stored here and not
used on the streets at all.
This tax originated with the three
hundred-dOllar salary which the Commits
siOners gave to the secretary of the au-
tomobile board. For a while he did the
work without compensation. but asked
for this modest SO a month. and it was
allowed, but some one tackled on the pro-
tomobile should be taxed on its seating
capacity in addition to other taxes. To
pay this $500. the law makes an effort to
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-02-18
OPPOSE WHEEL TAX
Automobiles Given a Hearing
by Commissioners.
TAXES ALREADY HEAVY
Declared That Penalizing Of Seats
Amounts to Double Taxation.
Test in Courts.


Automobiles protesting against the
wheel tax, which taxes seats and not
wheels. were given hearing by the Dis
trict Commissioners this morning. W. s.
Duvall, appearing for the Automobile
Club, told the Commissioners that the
wheel tax of s. for two-seated motor
cars, with an extra 50 for all seats over
that number, is nothing more nor less
than a direct double tax, and asked for
it's repeal.
Mr.. Duvalrs argument was that an
automobile owner is taxed for his ma
chine as personal property already, and
that there is scarcely any color of equity
In taxing the number of seats in a ma
chine.
IF this tax stands what assurance
that other arbitrary laws will not be
passed, taxing us, perhaps, on our horse
power or the diameter of the wheels?'
Against Public Policy.
Mr. Duvail also said that the tax struck
a blow at the anti-race suicide theory,
because q man who required a large ton
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-02-18
MAY CAUSE SENSATION.
Kuropatkin Writing Book on Rus
sia's Military Problems.

ST. PETERSBURG. February 1S.-Gen.
Kuropatkin. who since the end OF the
Russo-Japanese war has devoted himself
almost exclusively to literary labors, IL
now working on a new book, Russia 8
Military Problems" In it he discusses the
program of army reorganization, defects
in the upper strata of the army. questions
Of the defense of the western frontier and
the protection Of Russia's far eastern en-
pire.
Gen. Kuropatkin is known to possess
views on Manchuria and the Notifications
Of Poland strongly differing from those
held in high military and diplomatic cir
Cles, and the new book, 1t is said, will be
only slightly less sensational than the
fourth volume of his history Of the Russo
Japanese war. 1t will probably he pub
lished only for circulation in the general
staff and higher administrative spheres,
with unauthorized foreign TRANSACTIONS.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-02-18
Patent Court Favored.

The bill to establish a United States
court Of patent appeals. the subject of
extended hearings before Senate and
House committees, was acted upon ia
vorably today by the Senate committee
on patents.
Senator Brown was authorized to pre-
pare the report and submit il to meet.
ing OF the committee next week. Tho
bill provides that the proposed court shall
consist of five judges.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-02-18

lot 1T shall not be necessary to have any
member of the board of shellfish COM
missioners present with their records. nor
shall II be necessary to have the surveyor
present. but the location may be proved
either by the original or a certified copy
of the lease
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-02-18

w. d. Dunbar. son of a former promi-
nent resident Of Lynchburg. Va, has
been arrested on a charge OF forging the
Endorsement of two negotiable notes and
uttering them at the First National Bank
of Lynchburg. The name alleged to, have
been forged is that of T. J. Murphy. N
notes aggregate $50. ,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-02-18

To facilitate the prosecution OF persons
accused Of violating the Maryland oyster
law Senator Milbourne has introduced
t.vl at Annapolis recommended by the
states attorney of Somerset county. IL
provides that when il may become neces-
sary to prove the location OF an oyster
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-02-18

Secretary of War Dickinson, Gen. Mel
son A. Miles, L. S. A, retired; Gen.
George ii. Harries, National Guard, d.
c.. and former Commissioner III. b. +.
Macfarland were among the speakers at
the annual army and navy banquet last
evening at the Central Y. NJ c. A. build
ing. Representatives of every branch of
the military service stationed around
Washington. commissioned and enlisted
men. including field artillery, cavalry. en-
gineer and signal corps troops. National
Guardsmen of the District, seaman gun
ners and members of the United States
Marine Corps, more than 100 in all. gath
cred around the long tables in the flag
draped hall. Mr.. mcfarland presided.
Christianity Makes Character.
'All things being equal" said Secre-
tary Dickinson, II believe the soldier who
has Christian ideals and leads straight,
Christian life makes a better soldier and
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-02-18

drag $4,000 or more from the pockets Of
automobile owners
The wheel tax has been sustained in one
court, but has Deen taken to the Court OF
Appeals by the defendant in a test case.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1910-02-18

trial of Piper Heidsieck chewing to-
bacco is the argument that makes it popus
lar with particular peopie.-Advt.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1910-06-22

A Rising Profession--"What's your
friends business?" "Oh, he's q discover
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1910-06-22

secured without the giving away any
copies of the paper.
This publication is absolutely with
out merit and comes clearly under
what we designate as fake advertising
and is not entitled to the support of
Topeka merchants and they are ad-
vised not to encourage the proposition
The Merchants association which is
composed of the leading business men
of Topeka was organized for the pur-
pose of investigating such propositions
and if they were meritorious of recon-
mending them to it's members. The
romoters of this paper have not seen
the officers of the Merchants assocla-
ton, nor are they likely to, inasmuch