The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1910-09-27
WHACKS ENGLISH FREE TRADE
mas NiDE GREAT BRITiIN Z
RtGB a., SItS BtRhER
The LEADING Advocate Of Protection In
England Arrives to study Onr EcO-
nomIrS Frre Trade. Ne Asserts. Ila~
ImpoN rrishesI the nitrd kingdom.

ImpoN rrishr,i the nIt-d kingdom.
J Elhs Rarker. the Iu.,',u am ra-
former and writer UTDu economic "a.
isc's and m" author 81 several we'll
known books. including IN" Ei>' AID
Decline of the Netherand-' Modern
Germany and British socialism. - a.
the Waldorf. having arrived ~ 'A- hlli ."
on sunday. II" has comri"v"r ., pay a.
first visit 10 IN" Tinted states and o.
study its economic coudl,lpuS ~ short
range
A tarif reformer mean.l 'u-t about the
opposite IN England from what hr does
IN the United states over thew h" -
a man who - Struggling for "a tam. With"
herr he Is Likely To- l." IN" who d''~r q
want any tarif a. ali Mr. Barker =
efforts have h~s,n iudor-''d nv lus.ph
Chamberlain and many of tho other advu-
oates OF . protective tarH IA England
and his pamphlets arp used ~ campo %
documents One 81 these last Was pre-.
ssnted in Congress- last Wantcr by senator
l4Age and Was printed IN the Coasr's-
stsa1i Record.
y started nv etforts~for tariff reform ia
1900 by writing q series,of articles on th.
'Eoonomic Decay II Great Britain sAid
Mr.. Barker yesterday. and they were
printed IN the Contemporary Rsrisu I
saw the principal pol ificiAns OF tina coun
Try. among them Mr.. Chamberlain. and
urged them to take up pSotection. For
my part I consider II q necessary part
Of q great national policy. = not merely a
political theory.
Free trade has undoubtedly been the
cause Of the destruction OF British agri-
culture. which before IsSeawas In most
dourishing condition. Ands free trade has
played ssverest havoc " ithlths agriculture
OF Ireland. ireland used Ia live practi-
cally entirely by agriculture. and in 1910.
when free trade was introduced. Irish
agriculture had produced annually all
the food required by the Irish Ireland
had at that time almost Q. NDO. 600 inhahi-
tAnts. while now II has only 400. 90. In
that day ireland produced food not only
for those nine millions Of her own people
but for Z. OOO. OOO Eng When
free trade was introd uCed there was no
alternative occupation 90 agriculture for
the people So the Irish people were LETT
20 starve
ireland. which with its Q on OpO was
. large exporter Of food. nowadays does
not produce enough for Its 4.Un.nD0 II
has become "A large importer Of wheat and
other foodstufs The wheat area Of the
country has shrtInk from 740.OaO acres Ia |
less than $500 Although believe that |
British. and especially Irish agriculture. !
has been DESTROYED by free trade chiefly. |
a contributing cause lies no doubt IN the |
British land system. which - based not I
on ownership hut on tenure The bulk |
OF British land Is held hv "a few thousand .
people. and a. consider IN" present land |
system negotiable. uneConomic and !
impossible. | have been the strongest
advocate Of creating the largest possible
number Of land owners IN town and
country
while the Liberals under the guidAnc.
Of Lloyd George have advocated the
socialistic policy of making IA" com
munity the universal landlord. have
advocated a policy which may be summed
mp IN the words every man his own
landlord. and that policy has become the
oficial one Of the l'nlonist party
The cause Of protection In England had
q setback about year ago. bu now The
English working man - getting more and
more dissatisfied with the strocious CON
ditions under which he lives and works
Free trade means free competition among
manufacturers IA" cons.-IU-nt r.-htc-
ton Of prices Of connecting articles Thus
the manufacturers profits are reduced.
and a. the wages have to ~. paid out Of
profits free trade must necessarily mean
lower wages No On. can expect "A manu-
factur"r who makes small profits "a paw
large wages L.
by Golden and hi- brother manufacturers
not IA order 10 'heaJ,en bread for the
benefit Of the people. bat to lower wages
for th. h"netit ~ The manufacturer and
the latter who supported Golden spent
81 .U".DD. which represented much more
than that sum does now. IA free trade agI-
tation. "a hing they would hardly have
done through pur" philanthropy
In Cobden's time the favorIts political
economist Was klcaTdo. who had evolved
what Wt- hrraldrd as an ron law ~
wages according to which wages IN gen.
eTal tended toward th- minimum ,usi 81
The free traders IN
doub'sdlv EuCcesded m reducing British
wages 10 a minimum 81 Subsistence. ~
accordance with kiCsrdo'- teaching
The average wdR" 81 all wag" .aru.r-
for fun employment m the cotton tTHd,
IN England in ~ ~ week Ia the woollen
u - 81 ~ IN the clothing trad. about
he same Will" ~ IN" linen trade % ~ less
than s. These are scarcely living wages
" one compares American and thrush
woman employed ~ mill work ~ America
tVo ar" ~ employed ~ fTr-.trad' England .
Free trade means not only sweating ON
the largest S'uI" Lgi '"fnli" labor II
drives The women INTO ~" Factories and
the men ont 81 England
Agricultural labuT"r- receive in the
United Kingdom from 81 ~ iceland ~ Z
81 81 or 81 - week ~ England and mind
vou these atToCIou-iy IoW wages tuClud,.
the fun Nalu" ~ all payments mad. IN .
kind. siIor ~ food fuel housing aud 80 ,
M A. many farm idbur-r- cannot work ,
when ~" weather IL bad and dom get
paid ~ that event. the sums 'l..N draw
are. really even less than app"nr- Thus .
free trad" oaIIr.-- mutual sweating 30 OIL
bnKiaud a
American admirers - free trad. wtlI
tell Won fhti ''r.It Britain owes her .uDf. I
nous foreign trade 10 FREE" irsd- but her
principal exports ar" ~ good. that are
mad. Nv uud"rpaid labor Th.-. ar. .
textiles and amount 20 more than t5Uu
sn $50 q veal bui NJ" ay-rag" wage IN ,
British f"NtIl- trades - l..-Y than sla W..l
for all workers M FUN employment IA.
rec wage IL much lower t,-'ntI-.. - ih,. ,
great amount u un-Tnp IpyIu-u' aud ~ /
short 'Itu'.
Then lies" American admirers - free. B.
trade fal IL much Hi.guT IT,.