Evening star., 1909-05-21

kings, and the Highlanders fought with the
lowlanders< and both fought with ana
ultimately repelled the English monarcns
at the head of far stronger armies SO
fighting went on in one form or another
down into the eighteenth century, Wnen
the union with England gave the restless
energy of the Scots an opportunity Ior
spreading itself out in more pacinc way
just as the furious torrent which cnaies
between its banks in a rocky glen De
comes q smooth and fertilizing stream
when 1t has emerged into the plain.
''The other type OF Scotsman is the
studies are directed and whose discourses
be they spoken or written, are pervaded
by the logical spirit. This has long been
a note of the Scottish mind The first
who won fame by it was Duns Scotus
school Of philosophy in the thirteenth
century. It afterward passed into forms
unlike those of the scholastic philosophy.
but what I mean may De Illustrated by
such names as those of Adam Smith.
Principal Robertson, Dugah Stewart. Sir
James Macintosh, Thomas Chalmers,
James Hill and his. son, ]. 8. Hill, I. b..
Macauley. Different as these writer's are
there is in all Of them common specifi-
cally Scottish intellectual quality.
/ Four Great Names.
'Four men in the early. history of this
republic stand out as representative
Scotsmen, in whom one or other. or both,
of these two types appear. One is Dr..
Witherspoon, who had. though by his pro-
fession a man Of peace, q full measure OF
the strength OF will and the combative
spirit as well rs the mental grasp that be-
VILE and to the divjnes who led the Glas-
Cow assembly in 1888 Another was Pat
rick Henry, Scotch. with q distinctive
touch of the 1rishman about him in his
fiery rhetoric and with q fighting spirit
which was Irish as we'll as Scotch. The
two others were even greater. One was
James Wilson's man of wide knowledge
and capacious mind, a. penetrating and
solid thinker with a grasp Of facts and
of principles which placed him in the
front rank Of the political thinkers and
constitutional lawyers of that great
epoch.
ITO no one man are the -excellences Of
your federal Constitution more due than
who so soon showed his devotion to his
new country. And the fourth was Alexan-
der Hamilton, whose name Is too great to
need,any tribute of praise from us today.
Tanto Nomini nullum par eulogium.
"Since that time many eminent men
have been given to the service Of your
country by that same stock. The list Is q
long one. even II / do not include In 1t
the name of one worthy who has been
claimed as an ornament of the Scotch
American race. Capt. Kidd. the well
known-or, shall say, the notorious pi-
rate.
Six Scottish Presidents.
I'm the list there are six Presidents
whose names and lineage are undeniably
Scottish, without counting other Presi-
dents Scotch on the mothers side. There
is the greatest Of your chief justices. John
Marshall. in whose intellect it does not
~ 80 hot
origin which appears also In his name.
But perhaps the most typical Scot In
character and gifts among your states
men is John Caldwell Calhoun. He applied
to politics a thoroughly Calvinistic mind.
though whether 1t was Calvintstir theol-
ogy that formed the logical precision and
stringent symmetry Of Scottish ecclesias-
tics or whether they took to the Calvin
istic theology because 1t SO exactly suited
their natural bent and taste might be a
curious subject Of inquiry. He was a
close reasoner. an inhexible logician, who
ency which shrank from no consequences.
and he had q stern dignity which well be-
fitted his intellectual parentage.
Calhoun and Andrew Jackson are al
cally Scotch and Scotch-Irish who figured
prominently in your political life. There
have continued to be eminent men of let
ters, though no conspicuous poet. Tor
Edgar Allan Poe, though Of Irish extrac-
ton, was not q Scotch -Irishman. There
have been famous inventors. like Robert
Fulton There were many estimable
clergymen who edited their congregations
at q length which attracted In those days
as much as 1t would repel the weaklings
Of our own time. But on the whole the
energy of the stock flowed chiefly into
the commerce or into the exploration and
service rendered was rendered by the
Scotch Irish pioneers who went south and
west from Pennsyivania-tough and val
liant men. prepared to face the Indians
wTHEPSPOON STA