davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1909-10-31

large quantities OF goods at the lowest
possible prices.
1t is great stroke for a buyer to dis
cover where fine lot OF goods can be ac-
quired at bargain, for nowhere is COM
petition more keen than in the merchan-
disc business. and such stroke VIII ena-
BILE store TO get ahead Of its rivals In
deed. IL is in the power OF the buyer to
save his house thousands of dollars annual
ly; just as his mistakes will have the re-
verse effect. 1t is by no means an over
statement to say that the success or fail
ure OF the greatest as well as the smallest
department stores rests largely upon the
ability and faithfulness of the buying end.
And the head of this branch is quite as
much the merchant prince" though posi-
bly, not so picturesque. the general man
ager
II your boy wishes to follow up this
buying end he goes To the stock depart
ment, after he has had considerable expert
ence al selling. and becomes an assistant
buyer in one Of the branches. From here.
after getting pretty intimate knowledge
Of its details. he goes to another branch
and so on. and before long finds himself a
sort of general overseer, then an assistant
TO the head buyer. and finally may reacn
that coveted goal himself.
In some stores. however. the different
departments are run separately there
being distinct mead buyer for the grocery,
the millinery, the mems clothing the hard
ware, the crockery and other departments
who get together at times and confer with
the general manager. In such case there
is no formal head buyer by that title his
functions being performed by the general
manager. The salary OF buyer for de-
partment store varies all the way from
81 800 to 1000. sometimes is two and three
times that number Of dollars a year. ac-
cording TO the Importance of the depart
ment.
1t is quite likely, however, that your
boy will prefer TO work up through he
executive end, as 10 be a head buyer re
qpircs special talents in the way OF dealing
with outsiders and striking shrewd bar
gains that only the exceptional young man
possesses. And 80. after his salesmanship,
he Will become foorWalksr, at anywhere
New-York tribune., 1909-10-31
Wilbur Wright the Teacher--Army Officers
Pupils--How the Flexible Wins Tip Works
for Which the Famous Brothers
Claim Exclusive Rights.

made out OF ten pieces OF one-inch brass
tubing rolled out almost fiat. These tubes
are attached to small brass cylinders be-
tween the main planes. and as the roiied
out water tubes travel edge on to the air
they offer little head resistance and great
deal OF cooling surface. As nearly as can
be learned the engine and its thirty pounds
OF water weigh less than two hundred
hounds. and can develop at need about 40
horsepower.
Wilbur Wright, who is not naturally a
communicative being. said the Others day
that the War Department aeroplane was, If
anything, ''over engined," and that ne
thought he could build an aeroplane to fit 1t
that would make between sixty and sew
enty miles an hour.
The aeroplane is driven by two propellors
of two blades each moving in opposite d.
rections These propeliors are eight feet I'm
diameter and of curious shape. being cut OFF
at the outer corners. The builders OF tn"
machine say that this is because the wood
OF which the propellors are made would not
stand the immense wind pressure when
they are revolving at $50 revolutions. their
So much for the heart OF the machine
It's wings al two big planes put one above
the other, six feet apart and joined by
hinged uprights. The whole is braced with
steel wires like q bridge truss. and is very
strong, but not rigid. That is where the
whole secret of the Wright machine lies-in
the fact that these big wings can be moved
by lever like the wings Of a bird.
New-York tribune., 1909-10-31

vertical are two semieircies whose use
has been a puzzle TO most visitors. They
are fixed and apparently play no part IN
the control OF the machine. In reality
they are highly important, acting much
like the centreboard on a boat and pre-
venting the machine from drifting to lee
ward when turning corner. The hori-
zontal planes are simply tipped up and
down by a lever when the machine is
climbing the air or pointing downward
The rudder at the rear is much like the
rudder of boat except that II is double
and proportionately much longer than a
rudder to be used in the water 1t works
IN conjunction with the flexible tips of the
big planes A turn could be made with the
tips alone. or with the rudder alone. but Il
is possible to turn In a much shorter curve
when they are used together.
The operators seat is on the front edge
of the lower plane, and he has only two
levers TO operate. One Of these controls
the horizontal rudder In front of him and
the other the vertical rudder behind him
There is a popularity about the lever at-
tached TO the rear rudder in that 1t can be
thrown from right TO left as well as back
and forth. This movement from right to
left controls the tips Of the big wings, and
when used in conjunction with the fore and
aft movement. IT will also control the YER
tical rudder at the rear
Thus 1t Will be seen that the n1anaEement
of the machine is really quite simple but
man must be thoroughly familiar with #,
because In sailing through the air one mis-
take is likely to be fatal and tho operator
never gets chance to try 1t again.
Neither of the Wrights is a loquacious
person. They talk little even In answer to
direct questions. ana Wilbur. the one of the
two brothers now In this country takes
a cynical view OF newspaper queries In gem
erai and is more than likely not to re-
New-York tribune., 1909-10-31

is now flying at College Park and that
two young army officers are learning TO
operate it. Both of them took practical
control OF the machine In the air before
they had been flying more than an hour,
all told. They were not permitted to
start the machine on It's flight, and they
are not allowed to make a landing, but
they could evidently have done either at
q pinch, and this speaks a good deal for
the ease OF operating a flying machine.
There are only two other features about
New-York tribune., 1909-10-31
OFFICERS MUCH PLEASED,

Lieutenant Humphreys and Lieutenant
Lahm say that they are surprised at the
ease with which the machine can be con-
trolled and the comfortable feer' of its
progress through the air. 1t Is noticed by
q spectator on the ground that when the
aeroplane Is turning a corner It tits at
a considerable angle, like an automobile
on a high bank track. Both OF the pupils,
however. say that this fitting can hardly
be noticed by the passenger except through
his sense of vision. When his eyes are
closed turn can be made without the
passenger being sensible of his change of
equilibrium.
New-York tribune., 1909-10-31

In addition TO the ordinary branches of
arithmetic. grammar, spelling, penmanship.
commercial geography, commercial law.
saiesmanship and bookkeeping, the sub
Ject of ethics In its broader lines is being
taught in these schools
Inus, mere is being solved one of the
most vital problems that confront the
poor man who cannot afford TO let his bovs
go TO more than the veriest rudimentarv
schools. and some OF them not that bu.
has TO have their help in supporting the
family. 1t is solved because the boy Is
earning salary in a business in which ho
can grow as far as he has II in him. even
to getting thousands of dollars a year; and
at the same time he can acquire a xood.
ordinary education.
This schooling is looked upon in the stores
that have worked 1T out as being a pretty
good try-out for the newcomers. II boy
Is diiatory In his studies. or not tidy. or
shirks or manifests symptoms OF dishon-
esty in his school life. he is not apt 10 be
different In his work, and he must over
come these tendencies If he expects to get
far in the store through promotion
II, however he is earnest In his endeay
ors, and determined to get all ne can I'm his
schooling, and apply the lessons learned
TO his work. his future Will be easy and he
will become successful. valuable Amsri-
can citizen, an honor TO himself and 10 his
country. And while he is making this prog
ress he will have the advantage OF school
opportunities furnished by literary and So
cial clubs fostered by his employer: con-
eerts, recreation and lunch rooms. and an
pual vacations under pay. probably at re-
sorts established by the store propriesors-
features not given. as rule. To employees
in other lines.
Copyright. 1909. by the Associated Literary
fresSl
New-York tribune., 1909-10-31
By c. w. Jennings.
CHAPTER III.


Merchant price" Does the phrase.
tersely descriptive of great commercial
power and attendant riches. sound too
formidable TO you to apply to your own
boy even in your most ambitious dreams
regarding his life's work? Yet IL is
fact that most Americans who have been
designated as merchant princes. since
the day when the phrase was made IA
nous as applied 10 A. T. Stewart, have
sprung from the ranks OF the wage earn
ers. many Of them winning their way to
this distinction in spite Of poverty and other
equal hsndicaps. Also, it is a fact that
most OF them have learned the business Of
which they are hailed as masters from
the ground up starting In such lowly POSI-
tions az cash boys even.
The careers OF the men who have given
us our big retail stores-our department
stores-thus go 70 prove that II is entirely
reasonable for you 10 dream and plan for
your boy TO be merchant prince some day.
Also. these careers should convince your
boy-snd you. too-that it is not so diff
cult 10 become d merchant prince as he
snd you ntay have been led TO believe-at
least, not so difficult TO make the start and
get an appreciate distance along the gilt
terirg highway.
IL all rests with the boy himself, and
the first thing inclsnbent on him is not 10
look askance al work that will probably
make him appear less imposing than was
the cash boy, even, in the days before he
was displaced in the big retail stores by
mechanical money carriers; for your boys
first Job-if he decides that he wants 10
be merchant-0ill be that OF a mes
senger. or parcel wrapper, or helper 10 a
LuyeT. or stock boy; and he will get any
where from SIS to 81 a week according to
his natural ability.
II 4 universally recognized eceuouy for
New-York tribune., 1909-10-31
THE TWO ARMY AVIATORs.

The two officers being taught how TO fly
ere Lisutenants Frank p. Lahm and Fred
erick Smphreys. Lahm is permanently
attached 20 the signal corps, and is the
older. He first came into International
fame through winning the James Gordon
Bennett Cup. in the international balloon
race from Paris, in 1907. At that time he
was practically unknown young army
officer. He had made number of balloon
sscensions. and came from baIlooning
family, for his father, who is a resident of
Paris. held a pilots license before him.
He was a dark horse in the great balloon
race, but brought the cup to this country,
where il was lost TO the German, Erbsloeh.
Lieutenant Lahm is thirty years old, and
has served in the Philippines. He is
smooth faced. thin, determined looking
young fellow, and at present has forty
three ascensions to his credit He had
ridden In the Wright aeropiane several
times before il was taken to College Park.
lie is at home ia the air because of his
balloon experience, and Is an enthusiastic
horseman.
Lieutenant Humphreys looks almost like
boy beside him, and while he has made
few balloon ascensions he has acquired
most Of the experience fitting him TO be-
come an aeroplane pilot through driving
an automobile. Like Lieutenant Lahm. he
is more than fairly well off. and owns
small but fast automobile in which he usu-
ally goes back and forth between Washing
ton and College Park He is a daring driv-
er, likes high speed and will take more
than average chances on the road on a dark
night. Both men are about five feet ten
inches. and neither weighs over $50 pounds.
Lieutenant Humphreys is an engineer off,
Ger. and only temporarily attached 10 the
Signal Service flying squad" He hopes.
however, TO become so proficient as an svi-
ator that he will be kept at this work
In these days OF aeroplanes 1t is almost
necessary 10 know what the Wright ma
chine is Ike or how IL works. The heart
of the machine is its engine, a little four
New-York tribune., 1909-10-31
PRAYERAND BATTLE
HOW GENERAL HOW
ARD COMBINED THEM.
Prayed for Success tn War and
Fought for Right
to Pray.

When o. o. Howard. who died last week
was 'brtgadier-general in the Civil War
30 earnest was he In his religious efforts
that In short time he had converted every
man In the brigade. all but one hardened
OLD teaInster- Going TO his commander one
day. this man said earnestly:
General Howard. I'm lonesome. Every
man in the camp has been converted ex
cept me. I'd like mighty well to be a
Christian. just to be In with the other bows
I suppose it's the right thing. too, but 1
don't see how + can manage it,"
The man shook his head mournfully.
why, my good man." said the general
Il see no difficulty IN the way of 1t. IL you
VIII just surrender your own will and ask
for guidance"
That's jus, IT. general" responded the
would-be convert. III I'm converted who
IN blazes is goin' to drive them mules?"
When he commanded the Eleventh Army
Corps, which was made up of foreigners
he found more opposition, however. Many
accounts were received from the front In
which the psalm singing soldier" was held
UP to ridicule; but these reports came from
the worst element in the service and had
no effect on the conduct OF Howard, who
always found time for religious services
and never began an important move with
out asking the aid OF God. He was asked
once by a civilian:
lis there not much prejudice among SOL
diers against the Christian In the military
service?'
'Oh, no." said General Howard; ION the
contrary, the soldiers. all things being
equal, relied more upon the man who feared
God and tried to keep His commandments
A man might be processing Christian and
yet be weak. snivelling. good for nothing
fellow. and they considered all such as
hypocrttes; but the man who loved and
feared God did his duty better. kept his
gun cleaner and minded his own business
more, and did every duty with self-sacri-
flee and fearlesspess. Because a man was
a Christian he lost no credit either with
his company or with his commander"
New-York tribune., 1909-10-31
rrrnrn ~. rr,hune nuresu.l

Washington, Oct. 3O.-Out at College
Park, Md. little suburb ten miles north
OF Washington the United States govern
nent is running the only flying school in
The United States and one of the only two
IN the world. II is for the benefit OF the
young army officers who are learning to
operate the Wright aeroplene.
This machine was contracted for by the
United States Signal Service more than two
years ago. II was TO have been delivered
90 the government a year ago last July,
but there was some delay In making the
demonstrations before the government air
ship board. and then. on September IL
1905 the machine fell with OrVilie Wright
and Lieutenant Thomas Selfridge, killing
Selfridge and breaking Wright's leg ana
otherwise injuring him so severely that the
trials were postponed until July OF the
gresent year, when Orville made an en-
durance flight OF more than an hour and
8 fight from Fort Myer TO Alexandra and
return, distance of ten miles. at the rate
et little more than fortytwo miles an
hour.
These flights demonstrated the ability OF
tie machine 10 do all that was required of
IL in the contract. but this contract also
required the Wright brothers 10 train at
least two officers TO handle the machine.
II IS this training that has been going on
st College Park
New-York tribune., 1909-10-31
WINGS DIVIDED INTO THIRDS.

Each Of the big wings is divided into
even thirds The centre third is rigid. The
lower plane carries the engine on one side
of its centre and the operators seat on the
other The two end thirds are like the
wings of a soaring bird. When one end
goes up the other end goes down. But this
is true only of the rear edge. The front
edge of the plane, that which enters the air.
is stiff, like the front edge OF q soaring
birds wing. The rear edge can be raised
and lowered maximum Of fifteen inches.
This seems like small amount, and 1t re-
quires a very small movement of the levers
10 accomplish It, but the possibility OF doing
it at all has made all the difference between
success and failure in mans efforts to fly,
efforts that had continued from the begin
ming of recorded time TIL the young bicycle
makers hit on the secret during some OF
their experiments at Kittyhawk less than
ten years ago.
To digress moment Liliienthal, in Ger
many. and little later Pilchner, in Eng
land. made extensive experiments with arti~
fetal wings on which they glided like soar
ing birds. They depended entirely on shift
ing their weight for keeping their balance,
and both Of them were killed by falls after
they had made thousands OF glides. Lii
lienthal in fact, had travelled about quar-
ter Of mile IN circle and returned 10 his
point OF departure before he was upset by
an unexpected gust.
Man had almost given up the idea OF fly
ing as unattainabIe. when along came these
two unknown young fellows from Dayton
and solved the problem; that is 10 say.
they made the first long distance flights
with power driven machine, and ell OF
the later flyers who are now making such
a furor in Europe had TO come % some
form Of movable wing tips before they
were able to make long flights. Whether
their balancing devices are fnfringements
OF the original Wright patent will be de-
New-York tribune., 1909-10-31
HOeN0pZzL RD.OOSR E0R II EMD>pG
<SlpD DESRE55 5IYS 1ERONfNH


cylinder affair designed and built by the
Wright brothers themselves. They will not
say exactly hog powerful the engine is. but
the indications are that il develops 90 horse
power when making 1000 revolutions min
ute. 1t is frequently run at l,200 revolu-
tionsA and IL is said can he speeded up to
fifteen hundred.
The engine is water cooled and the radi-
ator is another Wright invention II is
New-York tribune., 1909-10-31

termined by the courts in the course OF
time. for the Wrights have entered suit
against Curtiss in this country and the
company controlling the Wright patents
has entered suit against practically all of
the successful flyers abroad, except the
Voisins, including Bleriot, Latham, Som
mers and Farman.
But that is another and a different story
The fact remains that the Wright machine
New-York tribune., 1909-10-31
FIGHTING RECORD.

II General Howard had been less mod
est man he might have added that II
wouldn't be particularly healthy for the
man who ridiculed him to his face. AT
any rate, that fact was discovered by many
of his fellow cadets in his West Point days.
In spite of the strong religious side 10 his
character, General Howard from his youth
had always been a fighter. AT the academy
his quick temper and outspoken opinions
got him into frequent disputes where blows
resulted the fiery young cadet usually COM
ing of the victor. because his lusty vsor
was such that few could overcome him in
single combat. Once there was a bloody
struggle. and the young man received from
another cadet wounds that laid him up for
many days, and the resultant injuries
troubled him through life. The West Point
ers soon learned 10 respect Howard's re-
ligion. however.
After his regular army life began he soon
had occasion to show his colors. 1t was at
a Methodist revival. when he was stationed
In Florida At the close of a meeting.
when the minister had preached on expert
mental religion, a call was made for in
quirers No one responded at nrst, while
certain young men seemed 10 ridicule the
situation. Howard wouldn't stand that.
He went forward. his sword clattering at
his heel and knelt at the altar. The men
knew Howard. the fighter. and the ridicule
ceased at once.
Like Havelock and StonewaIl Jackson
he always offered prayer before joining
battle. There Is fine story told of Gen
eral Howard's rebuke to another team
ster. profane one. who was trying TO
start a baIky mule in the Tennessee cam
paign. Excuse me. general said the o.
fender. II did not know you were pres
ent." With great dignity the general re-
piled: Il prefer. sir, that you abstain from
swearing from a higher and better motive
than because OF my presence"
New-York tribune., 1909-10-31
M.A/N s ueooP7YG HzAikE

the control of the machine. These are
the front planes, which control It's vertical
motion, and the rudder at the rear, which
helps in making the turns. The front
planes are almost duplicate in appear
ance Of the main planes of the machine
They are sharp ovals. five feet long and
two feet wide. placed one above the other
and separated by a space equal TO their
own width. Between them and standing
New-York tribune., 1909-10-31
All. THERE, MUNcHAUsENl

Returned Explorer-Yes. the cold was
so intense at the Pole We had to be very
careful not TO pet our dogs.
Miss Youngthing-indeed. Why was
that?
Returned Explorer-You see. their tails
were frozen stiY. and II they wagKed them
they would break on.-Boston Transcript
New-York tribune., 1909-10-31

ING ON WHICH THE PATENT W.
ming over tho puiIeys at tho end. The
cradle "18" was used on tho original
machine when the operator lay flat
across tho middle plane. BY moving his
hips the planes were f!exed. The figure
"0" in the diagram shows tho upriohts
connecting tho upper and lower planes
New-York tribune., 1909-10-31

S GRANTED TO THE WRIGHT BRO
and the ropes, "27," show how the rear
rudder, "22," works in connection with
tho fIsxIno wing tips. Tho machine in
uss now has rigid entering edge at the
front of tho planes, while only the outer
third of each plano is flexible and the
rear edge lifts or lowers a maximum OF
New-York tribune., 1909-10-31

On this patent is based the suits
brought against other aeroplanists, like
BIeriot and Curtiss. In the diagram
A 3 c D is the upper plano and & g
show how the plane is warped by tho
ropes (now replaced with wires) run
The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1909-02-27

insisted on the adoption of the resolu-
ton at this time; it was not for the
world, seeing these films, to be falsely
impressed
Kaniho wanted to know if a resolu-
ton would prevent BONNIE from ex-
hibiting the films abroad. Rice replied
that he believed the expression of this
Legislatures opinion in the matter
would be sufficient; he was acquainted
with Bonnie and believed him to be
gentleman.
Rice desired to see the resolution a
concurrent resolution instead of joint
affair, so it could go at once to the
Senate and be adopted. Sheldon fav-
order making it a concurrent resou-
ton, or if it was not made such then
it should be sent to the Judiciary COM
mittee as involving matters of law.
A tidal wave of expression was I'M
der way. Every member seemed to
want to have something to say in the
premises. The general sentiment was
that a concurrent resolution be adopt
ed so that there would be no delay
There were three motions before the
House. Sheldon withdrew his. The
motion to make the resolution concur
rent was carried and the resolution
was adopted.
Communication came from Board Of
I Health, relative to resolution thai
board appoint government doctor fol-
Molokai not included in leper settle
ment, to effect that House letter wa'
considered February "a and tn board
| will endeavor to secure services of ply
Stefan as soon as possible.
At 2:35 the House went into Com
mittee of the Whole on House Bill 81
I'm re change Of boundaries of taxation
educational and judicial districts, Ma
wahine being in the chair, or rathe
occupying a seat at the Clerks desk
the Speaker showing By reference Il
Cushngs Manual that the Chairman
in Committee of the Whole was no
entitled to occupy the Speakers chair
The Committee of the Whole aske
. for further time after much vain dis
cussion.