davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-06-08

When the foal Is on its feet see Mat
II nurses properly. If it cannot take
all the milk, draw it by hand. Do not
let the mares udder become hard and
caked because of the colts failure to
get all of the milk. If it should become
hard before you notice it use little
lard and give the member thorough
manipulation with the hand
Before the colt comes the mare
should have had plenty of bran and
oats and good, clean hay. After the
colt has arrived do not let them have
too much exercise for the first two
days, rather keeping them quiet in a
lone paddock or a small shaded pas
ture.
IL the youngster arrives when the
flies are bad keep mother and foal
IN the barn during the day and then
at night send them to the pasture
Be very careful that all the mares
with foals are congenial, if they run
IN the same pasture, for often one of
them will be vicious in disposition and
hurt the foal of another mare.
When the colt is a month old use
the mother in the lightest work around
the farm and let the colt stray along
at her side.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-06-08
TO SAVE THE MELON CROP

Spray the first time when the vines
begin to run, using Bordeaux. If the
weather is dry it may be safe to delay
this a few days. If beetles are present
a poison in the spray viii probably be
of some value. Repeat every seven to
ten days, using regular Bordeaux
When the vines are growing slowly
and the weather is dry the longer in
.terval may be allowed. If blight be-
comes seriously present in the neigh
borhood spray once week or even
oftener. With a good machine the
total cost of each application for labor,
materials and wear on the machine
should not exceed 81 to $1.25 per acre.
Six or seven applications can be made
for from Sc to SIS per acre.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-06-08
SPRING WORKING NOTES

The San Jose scale will soon be
Matching out and we must get after
him with the Bordeaux mixture and
the sprayer. June will not be too late,
but better begin now and keep it up
all summer
Do not let the new fruit trees sta ri
Into the summer with sod tight about
their roots. Cultivate.
After you think the corn field is in
good condition for planting go over it
with harrow once more Just for luck
and a good crop.
The cutworm is working overtime
now. Lay board on the ground with
bit of a twig under one end and Won
will find Mr.. C. w. on the underside
You know what to do then.
There is no excuse for neglecting the
poultry for single day. Eggs will he
eggs as long as the world lasts and
here is good money in them year in
and Year out
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-06-08

The organization of milk commits
sions in this country was an impor-
tant step toward the improvement of
the quality of milk. While the num-
Der of commissions is very limited
and the milk produced under their
supervision amounts to only a frac-
ton of l per cent of the 10000, 100000
quarts or more of market milk an
nually consumed, the great value OF
certified milk to invalids and it's in
fiuence in reducing the mortality
among infants and children are be-
yond estimation. Further, the work
of milk commissions has had no little
influence in improving the genera
milk supply of cities where such com.
missions exist, by setting a higher
standard of quality and by creating
public sentiment in favor OF pure
milk.
The term certified milk" origin
ated with the member of the COM
mission who formulated the plan. At
the instance of the commission the
word certified" was registered in tho
United States patent office, the OBJ
ject being to protect it from being
tract with medical commission. It
was distinctly understood, however.
that the use of the term should be
allowed without question when en-
ployed by medical milk commissions
organized to influence dairy work for
clinical purposes. Certified milk,
then, in the strict sense of the term,
is milk produced under legal con-
tract between a medical milk COM
mission and a dairyman and which
conforms to the requirements. 1t may
be said further that milk entitled to
be certified is clean and wholesome,
and is obtained from healthy cows
which are kept in sanitary quarters,
fed wholesome food and given pure
water. It is drawn from clean cows
by clean, healthy attendants into
clean receptacles and in clean at
mosphere. It is handled in a clean
manner, cooled quickly, put into
sterile vessels, placed in cold stor-
age and iced in transportation when
necessary.
After being drawn the milk is taken
Immediately to separate ROOM
where it is strained into can
through double thickness of cheese
cloth Ga separate strainer being used
for each pail of milk. 1t is then
taken Immediately to the bottling
room, where usually it is cooled to
a temperature as low as As to so
degrees Fahrenheit and in some cases
as low as 80 degrees Fahrenheit.
Sometimes it is strained again
through absorbent cotton on reaching
the cooling room. In majority Of
the diaries cooler of some descrip-
ton is used; in few, however, the
milk is strained into cans standing
in ice water. 1t is then bottled
packed in cases and covered with
crushed ice.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-06-08
The VALUE OF A MULCH
Its Application Is an Adapta.
ton Of Natures Method of
Protecting Plants.
'3M.NEElM5-
yayIE1SC
BY ], A, LEGO,

BY j. A. LEGG.
There is considerable said of recent
years concerning the value of the mulch
for orchards, small fruits, and, indeed,
many crops.
have noticed where 1 put mulch
OF litter and straw about the apple
trees that the small roots take pos
session of the soil up to the very sur
face.
The trees seem to respond to the
mulch especially in dry season.
If we go to the forest we find that
nature keeps the surface of the soil
covered with a mulch of leaves and
trash of one kind and another.
Where the ground is exposed to
winds and the leaves are blown away
we are very apt to find dwarfed
growth of timber and pretty badly
exhausted soil, while the soil where
the leaves from these exposed places
are deposited is correspondingly richer
few years ago was sowing some
clover seed. At one end of the field
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-06-08

The accompanying illustrations
show an arrangement of cooler and
hand bottle filler, and floor plan
for a small dairy house for handling
certified milk. If the barn is sanitary
the dairy house may be directly at
tacheG, the weigh room serving to
separate the milk room from the
barn. There is probably less danger
to the quality of the milk in having
the dairy connected with the barn
Gas shown in Fig. p than in having
these buildings separated by an open
space through which the milk is car
ried after each cow is MIXED.
The cooler is placed in the receive
ing room. After each COW is MIXED
the milk is passed over the cooler and
into the hand bottIing receptacle in
the bottling room. One man bottles
the milk without assistance and is
able to fill and cap 200 to 300 bottles
an hour and place them in the store
room.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-06-08

there was small plot of very hard,
dry clay. 1t had never produced any
grain and it had always been waste
of seed to put it to any crop.
had drawn my corn to this corner
and husked it and stacked the slower
there. There was a pretty good coat
of skaters scattered over the ground.
I scattered clover seed over the litter
and l never saw better set of clover.
1t grew rapidly until late in the sum-
mer, when a very severe drought set
in, which almost killed it out in spite
of the mulch. The growth of this clover
was wholly due to the mulch on the
surface, as it would have hardly
sprouted without the mulch.
A few years ago / put some planks
over early beans to protect them from
frost After the danger Of frost was
past put part of them between the
rows and left them for some two weeks.
The balance were removed entirely.
There was a rather dry spell while
the planks lay on the ground. When
I removed them I found that the beans
where the planks lay between the rows
had made double the growth of the
ones where the planks had been moved
entirely away.
This was entirely due to the moist
ure saved by the planks acting as a
mulch.
Frequent shallow cultivation makes
the surface soil act as a mulch to con-
serve moisture.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-06-08

on the ears or face occasionally. SINH
lar to those found on the Leicester.
The quality of mutton produced by
this breed is of the very highest class
and Is regarded with much favor in
Great Britain. Border Leicester rams
crossed on Cheviot ewes produce NUT
ton and lamb for the British market
which has long been famous for it's
superior quality
This cross has been practiced in the
region surrounding the Cheviot hills for
many years and is not losing in favor.
Cheviots make excellent mothers
give an abundance of milk and are !
least average in producing twins ana
triplets.
Often the question is asked me
What advantage is there in breedin o
this sheep? At the start It NAV he
admitted that the average Cheyiot vii,
not fatten to as great weight as The
Shropshire. neither will it shear So
heavily.
In hardness. however, the Cheviot
may be classed as second to none ~
the middle breeders raised in America
The Cheviot is one of the most bea,,-
tiful breeds of sheep in the world
This Is conceded generally by lovers Of
sheep, irrespective of breed.
There is a sprightliness of carris go
an elevation of the head and neck ann
pricking up of ear such as is not found
with any other breed
Their beautiful white faces ALWAYS
attract attention During recent years
this breed has steadily gained in popu-
larity, and still is comparatively little
known.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-06-08

Considering the possibilities of pro-
ducing certified milk with the mex
pensive dairy house shown and the
apparatus required for cooling and
bottling, the small dairyman should
be encouraged to produce certified
milk.
The milk coolers in some of the
diaries are so constructed that the
upper coils of pipe can be filled with
hydrant or well water and the lower
ones with ice water or brine. The
top coils remove much of the animal
heat, while the lower ones reduce the
milk to a. temperature of 35 to 40
degrees Fahrenheit. AS the milk is
very much exposed in this room, the
Importance of the air being free from
all impurities is apparent. In the
best diaries this room is sterilized
with steam preparatory to cooling the
milk and in some instances the air
entering the room is filtered through
absorbent cotton or spray of water.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-06-08
MULES ARE READY MONEY

The average farmer is probably not
aware of the fact that an average mule
sells for $40 per head more than horses
Such is the case and the price has been
gradually rising for number of years.
There has never been what could be
called an overproduction of mules, while
the market has often been unable to
supply the trade.
The mule natures more quickly than
the horse and can be placed on the
market from one to two years sooner
than the average horse. This means
a large profit to the producers and
quicker returns for the investment A
well-fed mule can be worked at 2 years
Of age with safety if proper judgment
is exercised by the driver They are
much less nervous than a horse, thus
much less liable to accident or blen1ish.
A blemish that would make fine horse
unstable would take but a trifle from
a mule. The mule is less liable to wire
cuts and blenlishes for the reason that
they are more careful about running
into anything than a horse is. You
will see six or eight horses SCARED and
blemished from wire where you will
see one mule SCARED from 1t.
& The mule is a taxpayer and a mort
gage litter for the farmer; he is ready
sale at weaving time. at one year, two
years or when he is able to work. The
mule is ready money at any age. The
horse colt does not sell we'll until 1t is
three or four years old and broken to
work and drive.-J. L. w.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-06-08
HOUSE FOR 100 HENS

T. e. Orr, the poultry expert, says
a good poultry house for 100 hens can
be built for 500. He suggests that
it should be As feet long. ~ feet
wide, Az feet high at the rear, 51s feet
high at the front. Cut rear rafters 9
feet long and front rafters 5 feet long.
This will make the peak of the roof
71a feet high.
The cross-section shown in the cut
illustrates the construction. Let the
front and rear rafters of each pair be
tied to the cross beam, feet long, and
under these, both at the ends and every
IL feet from the end. place uprights
61s feet long, 2h feet apart. This
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-06-08
TAKE CARE OF THE COLT

Caring for the brood mare is no
hard task if a grain of common sense
is used. The mare should not be
worked too hard. although daily USE
full exercise Is advisable She will be
better off if she Is given something
to do during the period that she is car
rying the colt.
Daily grooming is essential and 1t
should be well done. During the last
few days she should be given light ex-
ercise or turned out in the lot or pas
ture
At foaling time she should have an
attendant to see that she comes through
in good shape.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-06-08

stiffens and supports the roof and also
serves as door posts, for a 48-foot
house should have three partitions di
viding it off into four compartments,
each IL feet square.
Cover the framework with sheeting.
Use 16-foot boards one inch thick sur
faced on one side, fitted smooth and
snug. If the house stands up one or
two feet from the ground on posts let
the rear sheeting boards run clear
down to the ground. Cover with the
best roofing paper you can buy and
then give a coat of hot tar. Repeat the
tar six months later and once each
year thereafter, and this will be good
roof for twenty years.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-06-08
A GOOD ROTATION

A good rotation for mixed farming is
wheat, clover, meadow one year, COW
pasture for one year, corn and oats
one year. This makes a six-year ro-
tation. Where there are permanent
pastures on the farm one year can be
cut out by not pasturing the clover
the second year.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-06-08

1t is reported that the price of Irvine
has been fixed at cent a pound lower
than last year, the grades and quality
guaranteed. The supply will proba-
bly, not meet the demand though raw
materials are being received daily from
the PHILIPPINES. Mexico and Yucatan.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-06-08

The ducklings marketed in May or
June are the most profitable. Those
marketed earlier will fetch bigger
price, but it costs more to produce
them.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-06-08
PREPARING GEESE FOR MARKET

Geese should be grown to large siza
and then finished for the market in
the shortest possible time. 1T is
good plan to shut them UP in a limited
Enclosure and then feed them to the
limit for about two weeks, selling
them as soon as possible after this.
In many markets the heavier goose
weighs the more it brings per pound.
so it is an object to make them as
heavy as possible. 49,
Heavy shipments of grain drills for
Argentina and Russia are keeping the
big agricultural implement factories
busy these days.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-06-08

Spray the cooling moth Just as soon
as the apple blossoms fall Her eggs
are laid on the fruit when it is very
small.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-06-08
VALUABLE DISCOVERY

Luther Burbank Of California, the
originator of many wonderful fruits
and flowers. one of his latest valuable
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-06-08

If we want to make our horse love
US give him an apple instead OF blow.
Iowa state bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1894-1916, 1909-02-12
TARIFF TO BE DISCUSSED.
Convention at indianapolis to Be A.
tended by 2,co0 Delegates.

New ork-Announcement was
made Sunday that the convention or
the national tariff commission, which
will be held in indianapolis On Feb
ruary 16, in an endeavor to bring
about the establishment of a perma
nent bipartisan tariff commission,
will be attended by more than 1000
delegates. including representatives OF
manufacturing concerns. many con-
gressmen and financial interests.
The speakers will include: Oscar S.
Straus. secretary Of commerce and la
Dor; Senators Beverage of Indiana,
and Cumnlins of Iowa, Thomas r. Mar
shall, governor of Indiana: Congress
man Bourke Cochran. Henry r.
Towne, president OF the Merchants
association of New York, and John NJ
Stahl, president Farmers National
congress.
Iowa state bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1894-1916, 1909-02-12
Fair Manauers Unite

Mason City.-The Interstate AS
ISOLATION of Fair Managers has been
organized here with T. II. Wadsworth
OF AlSona, president and w. B. Clark
OF Marshalltown, vice-presdent and C.
II. Barber, Mason City, secretary and
treasurer The object of the forma
ton of the organization is to foster
better fairs and prevent conflict in
dates, or to arrange dates that will be
satisfactory to all and for the further
purpose of securing Il better line of
attractions for this section of the
state. Among the cities represented
were Marshaltown, Eldora, Algona,
Mason City, Usage, Charles City.
Hamp on, Austin and Albert Lea and
Nashua
Iowa state bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1894-1916, 1909-02-12
IS MODERN JEAN VALJEkN.
IIIinosan Caught After q Years Free
dom from Prison.

Marion, III. Another Jean Val.
jean" case, with it's sorrowful de-
tails of respected citizen being
brought low and home broken by a
crime thought long forgotten, has &C.
CURED near here.
Jack d. lsham who for the last 16
years has been a prosperous and high
" respected farmer. and who owns
many broad acres about eight miles
east of here, is the man. Yesterday
when returning from church he was
arrested. He escaped from the Ten
nessee penitentiary in 1888. The shock
of his arrest was so great that he
tainted After being placed in Jail
here he confessed, abandoned hope Of
regaining freedom, sent word to his
family to sell his farm and other prop
erty and leave He told how he es-
capped from the states prison and
roamed around the country before set
Ting down on the farm.
Iowa state bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1894-1916, 1909-02-12
CHILD HAD SIXTY ROILS.
And Suffered Annually with a RED
ScaId-Like Humor on Her Head.
Troubles Cured by Cuticura.

"When my little Vivian was about
six months old her head broke out in
boils. She had about sixty in all and
| used Cuticura Soap and Culicura
Ointment which cured her entirely.
Some time later humor broke out be
hind her ears and spread up on to
her head until il was nearly half Gov
cred The humor looked like a Scald
very red with sticky, clear fluid COM
ing from it. This occurred every
spring. always used Cuticura Soap
and Ointment which never failed 70
heal it up. The last time it broke
out it became so bad that | was dis
eOuraged But continued the use of
Cuticura Soap, Ointment and Resell
vent until she was we'll and has never
been troubled in the last Two years
Mrs. NJ. A. Schwerin, GA Spring Wells
Ave, Detroit, Mich. Feb. 81, 1905"
Potter Drug Chem. Corp, Sole Props. Boston.
Iowa state bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1894-1916, 1909-02-12
PANAMA MAKES A PROTEST.
Object to Rainey's Attack on Its Pres.
ident in Congress.

Washington. G.. G.. Arosemana
the Panama minister, yesterday
called at the state department and
filed a protest from his government
against the speech made in the house
of representatives by Mr.. Rainey OF
Illinois in which President Obaldia of
Panama was severely attacked. The
minister acted in pursuance of instruc-
tons cabled by his government.
Secretary Bacon refused to comment
on the action taken by the Panama
minister, but said that he expected to
make a statement to-day concerning
the matter.
The national assembly of Panama
about a week ago unanimously ap-
proved a resolution in which it was
declared that the assembly publicly
and solemnly protests against the in
suit to the chief executive of Panama,
Domingo de Obalda. as implied in the
parliament of a friendly nation
The resolution further stated that
the "slandcrous assertions" of Mir.
Rainey "dcserve to be considered only
because of the official character OF
the one who made them.
Iowa state bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1894-1916, 1909-02-12
KNOX INELIGIBLE
CONSTITUTION SEEMS TO BAR
HIM FROM CABINET.
QUESTION MUCH DISCUSSED
Salary Increase during His Tenure
Of Office May Debar Him
from Secretaryship.

Washington, ID. G., Feb. 1O.-Much
discussion has been aroused over a
question, raised, as to whether Sena-
tor Philander G. Knox of Pennsyl-
vaia who has been selected to be
secretary of state in the Taft cabi-
net, is eligible under the cOnstitu-
tion of the United States. Attention
has been called to section Vi, article
i, of the constitution, which reads as
follows:
NO senator or representative shall,
during the time for which he was
elected, be appointed to any civil
office under the authority of the Unit
ed States, which shall have been
created or the emoluments whereof
shall have been increased during
such time
During Mr.. knoX's present term as
senator the salaries Of all cabinet Of
ticers eyre increased from $4,000 to
$4,000 a year. AS the term Of Sena-
tor Knox does not expire until
March 4. 1911, two years after the
time when his name would be sent
by Mr.. Taft to the senate for con-
tirmation, the question is asked if Mr..
Knox will be able constitutionally to
accept the state portfolio.
Mr. Knox declined 10 discuss the
point when the matter was brought
TO his attention.
The only precedent recalled in
similar case was that of the late
Senator Ransom of North Carolina,
who asw appointed by President
Cleveland to be minister to Mexico,
the emOument of which office was
raised while Mr.. Ransom was a men,
Der of the senate. Under the de-
cision ren1ei I'd by the controller Of
the treasury it was held that Senator
Ransom could not become minister to
Mexico
Iowa state bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1894-1916, 1909-02-12
SP0|LS PLAN GIVEN JOLT
PRESIDENT SENDS CENSUS BILL
VETO TO CONGRESS.
Sees Attempt to Grab Peoples Per.
quisites-Rap at the Poll.
ticians.

WashingtOn- evil effects of
treating appointments to the public
service as personal perquisites of pro-
fessiOnal politicians are peculiarly evil
dent in the case of great public work
like the taking of the census, a work
which should emphatically be done for
the whole people and with an eye sin
gle TO their interest"
In these words President Roosevelt
Friday summed up a message to the
house of atives ret urning with
out his approval the bill providing
for the taking of the next census, be-
cause Of the provision prescribing that
appointments shall be made on the
basis of non-competitive examinations
instead of through the civil service
commission. AS passed by congress
the bill permitted members and sena-
tors to designate persons for positions
after they had undergone a simple eX-
animation.
incidentally the president referred
to the provision authorizing the print
ing of census reports by private con-
Germs and laid stress on the point
that where work was so allotted the
eight-hour law should be applied in
effective fashion,
Outside of those matters, the presi-
dent said that on the whole the bill
was satisfactory to him and repre-
sented an improvement upon previous
legislation on the subject. The house
adjourned without action on the mes
sage.