davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-10-08

Deep cultivation during the early pc
Rod will produce deep rooted trees.
Such trees Will withstand severe
drought, and the roots will develop
a large feeding area.
The object of pruning is primarily
to shape the trees to desirable form
and to remove superfluous wood, dead
and dying branches. AS rule, fruit
growers are apt to do either too much
or too little pruning If trees are
properly pruned and formed during
the first three or four years after
planting, little subsequent pruning is
necessary. recognize, of course, the
necessity of vigorous pruning in an
old orchard that has never been in.
diligently cared for.
The numerous complaints of fruit
growers that spraying has not helped
their orchards are due entirely to
their failure to follow sirsple direc.
lions. Spraying is different from or.
binary farm operations; every detail
must be attended to if success is to be
attained. The spraying must be done
before the pests have made any con-
siderable inroad upon the trees. for
it should be looked upon more as 4
preventive than as a remedy. The
fungus diseases and insects are in
great measure controlled by the clean
culture method, which does not pro.
vide place where insects NAV be
harbored in winter.
1t is a we'll known fact that the
fruit tree will set more fruit than #
is capable of supporting and bringing
to perfection. To aid nature in ifs
work growers should take away the
extra fruit. The vitality Of the tree
is used up by the number Of seeds II
is permitted to ripen, not by the size
Of the fruit. It is readily seen that by
removing some OF the fruit we con.
serve the fertility of the land. az well
as aid the tree to properly mature
the remaining fruit. A tree that has
thus been thinned will bring forth
more fruit per bushel than other trees.
and besides this, the fruit from
thinned trees is superior in color. size
and quality. Such thinning should
not be done, however, until the natur.
al drop of the fruit is over.
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-10-08
Phosphate Rock.

Results of experiments with ground
phosphate rock in Michigan and in
Germany, respectively, indicate that
acids, while important agents in max.
ing ground phosphate rock soluble,
are very ably supplemented in this
work by certain bacteria in the soil.
Bone meal is also similarly affected.
Many of these acids are produced by
soil organisms. Furthermore. fine
ground rock phosphate can be used
with profit only on acid soils; says
Country Gentleman. This agrees with
what experimenters have found In the
United States. that this material
should be used for best effects on soils
rich in humus, such as marsh and
swamp lands, which are generally
acid. It Is not adapted to poor, thin
soils. like most Of the outcropped land
In the eastern section Of this country
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-10-08
WATER SUPPLY is GIVING CUT
In Certain Watersheds II is Almos.
Exhausted-Turned Out of
Some bitches.

With all the snow that fell in the
mountains last winter the supply
seems already to have given out on
certain watersheds. In the Arkansas
valley, for instance, the water was
turned out of some. of the later
bitches on July 10, which is some.
what earlier than usual. The Arkan-
sas valley is not supplied as yet with
anything like the number of reservoirs
needed to keep UP "a reserve supply
and they will have to be constructed
as has been done in the northern part
of the state; says Denver Field and
Farm. The place for these reservoirs
is in the mountains and the two that
have already been put in there. are
proving a great boon to the water
users 200 miles distant. The time is
coming when all our reservoirs will
have to be built in the mountains as
those on the plains are causing the
wastage Of too much valuable land.
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-10-08
HORTICULTURAL NOTES.

W Z d. ID
Cut out the suckers and mutiiated
branches; burn all twigs affected with
blight or disease.
Why let insect pests get the start
of you In either your trees or fruit?
When setting out nursery stock,
prune the roots SO chat the young
trees will develop strong, vigorous tap
roots.
It is said to be good thing when
ants are found on plants. to look for
plant lice and spray with kerosene
emulsion.
When you cut alders cut then. out
by the roots, which can be easily done
by bending them over and cutting
under them. IF cut. lin this way in
August they will not come up. again.
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-10-08
Sweet Corn.

The man who grows sweet corn for
market usually appreciates the possi-
bilities OF continuous crop fresh
from the field, from early July Ito. &c
tober, says a. writer in Baltimore
American, have grown this crop for
home use and in small way for local
markets for years, and the methods
employed may be suggestive. and, per-
haps, probably followed by others.
While sweet corn will grow we'll on
almost any type Of soil containing a
fair amount OF fertility, ! prefer some
elevation and southern exposure,
with soil somewhat sandy or slightly
'gravally for the first crop. Such a
coll viii dry out and warm up early.
and can be broken and. thoroughly pre-
pared before planting time.
| I usually make the first planting of
early corn during the. first warm spell
after the middle of April, With this
sfirst planting, usually plant pump.
Skjns.
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-10-08

Spray Pump for Killing Weeds. -.
sition as very feasible, but Of course
required some time to get. hat! .he
considered the proper4.prpportians az
spraying mixture before. making, the
first trial. & However. he made the at
tempt in 1896 with solutions Of cop
per and sulphate and mercutfc sb1.
chlorid and met with: surprisingly sue
cessful results, plainly demonstrating
that he was upon the right track. So
to our own Unltad States, beiongs.th
credit for, this .discoYeny.. although
French, Investigators were working
along the same. lines. at spearly.. the
same time. In 1898 others ex6aus-
tive experiments were undertaken
and very shortly 1t was firmly festab.
lished that such work could be porac-
ticed with a high degree of success
by any farmer. Since that time ex-
periments have been steadily pursued
along this line and the fact remains
that certain weeds can be entirely
eliminated without destruction to the
grain growing beside them.
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-10-08
SAVING the Sheep, :

Western sheepmen adopted novel
iexpedient to save the sheep that had
been sheared at the usual time, but
were visited by heavy wind and snow
storms after the sheep had been
Isheared. They provided the shorn
sheep with canvas blankets or covers
These covers were fastened to the
sheep in such a way as to protect
their backs and sides. It Is declared
that many thousands Of dollars worth
of sheep were thus saved The tale is
q Pretty big one. but the United States
forest service vouches for it.
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-10-08

human bones Of the prepaleolithic
period. The discovery showed that
mankind N dwelt in the cave and lived
on the bears which they killed in
hunting. Prot. Peuck. in the course Of
q visit to the cave ascertained that
this state of things could only have
occurred during the last interglacicl
era. He thereby is convinced that
human beings must have lived in the
mountains before the last glacial
Modification M Ct the Alps. which, ac-
5cording to his calculation, was about
.1oo. 900 years ago. 81: II \. So :.
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-10-08
/ Curing Sick Hen.

When hen is discovered with
closed eyes and very hot head, no
more effective treatment can be given
than taking a cupful of hot water in
which is dissolved a tablespoonful Of
salt and applying it to the head as
hot as it can be borne. This will re.
duce the swelling and allay the fever.
This treatment should be followed BY
giving one-grain quinine pill each
night for three nights, during which
time the hen should be kept in a COM
Portable Enclosure alone and fed on
soft, nourishing food. u
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-10-08
swine on Alfalfa.

Il The great mistake made by too
many who attempt to pasture swine
on alfalfa in overstocking. There is
a tendency or temptation to keep in
a pasture more stock than it can com.
fortably support, with the result that
the alfalfa plants are gnawed. tram
pied and rooted out, while the animals
fail to prosper as they would under
mere rational treatment.
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-10-08
OPERATING A DRY FARM
Cheaper Than Irrigation Because No
bitches Required and Has
Other Advantages.

Dry farming is cheaper than irri.
cation, and in addition, has some de-
cided advantages over the latter sys-
TEN. In the first place, no bitches are
required and no subsequent repairs
needed, and no laborers are hired for
irrigators. And secondly, it is Il
demonstrated fact that dry farming
is the better proposition of the two
when practiced on large scale. One
man, it is estimated, cannot farm
profitably more than so to Is acres of
irrigated land, while under the dry
farming system large tracts can be
handled, especially when small grain
and alfalfa are sown
The State Agricultural College of
Utah, at Logan, in one of it's recent
bulletins says, 1.-THE cost of producing
a crop of wheat, oats or barley,
should not exceed $500 per acre, aft
er the land has once been cropped
When the farmer uses his own imple-
ments and team, the cost per acre
would be: Flowing soc; discing, soc;
a total Of s2.40. When the work is
let by contract, the cost would be
s4.35 per acre" But the cost of
farming in one section may differ
from that of another. An expert dry
farmer in the vicinity of Denver fur
nishes the following table:
$40 acres at s2.25 per acre.. ,43O. 90
Flowing and seeding. s. per acre. ,2S0. 90
Harvesting, at 81 per acre. $4,000
Hauling to market, &c per bushel.. 600.0o
Hauling to market, Sc per bushel.. 1000. 90
Total cost, including investment. 81, $50. 90
30 bushels per acre; 1920 bushels,
at 81 per cwt I'll, 52O. %
Net Income fret wear 57O nm
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-10-08
Baking Soil.

Irrigated soil in many districts. has
the faculty Of baking on the surface
and it is peculiar fact that such
soils are the ones in which grain is
often broadcasted when it ought to be
drilled in. The first irrigation so
bakes the surface that the tender lit
tie plants have d struggle for. life.
This can largely be avoided by diff
.ferent methods Of procedure and the
corrugator will come in hane on
such soils.
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-10-08

Naval officers IN Charlestown have
warrant for being incensed at the ac-
tion Of Boston Judge. who gave a
youth brought before him the alterna-
tive Of enlisting in the navy or going
TO Jail. ssys the Baltimore American.
Navy service is nm honorable one, and
the stand taken that Ii lowers II in the
eyes Of the public to attempt TO make
IT u Z resOrmatory character for en-
bryo criminals Is one which popular
0psn5on should NOT approve.
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-10-08
Feed for. Good Eous.

| No kind Of grain contains In proper
proportions the elements necessary to
make an egg, therefore mixed grains
are much better than any single grain.
The egg is the richest In protein OF
any food that comes to our tables. 1T
follows, therefore, that the raw ina.
teriai for egg production should ssbe
rich lin protein. Alfalfa furnishes the
cheapest form Of protein available.
Wheat Ii the cheapest grain. 1t Is
economical to make the daily ration
as largely from wheat and alfalfa as
practicable and at the same time give
variety "a the ration to furnish the
necessary elements TO manufacture
eggs without waste Of raw material, to
maintain good appetite, good digestion
and provide for necessary exercise.
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-10-08
over.Feedlna chlcks.

One great cause Of mortality among
young poults is oyer-feeding. Milk
5curd is strongly advocated by some
folks, kills good many and few es-
cape the effects of being allowed to
run in the wet fields. This has been
a serious trouble the past season for
we have had more rain than usual.
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-10-08

II you have an idea It Is hot and
humid. read this news item: A bal
loon which made an ascension from
st. Louis landed In Illinois after sail
ing all night through cold rain and
sleet and through a heavy snowstorm
for about an hour. Is, not this sugges-
tive Of the coming time when 1t Will
be possible, with the aid of flying ma
chimes, to find any sort OF climatic
conditions desired?
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-10-08
Remove the rubbish.

II there are piles OF rubbish, dilapi-
dated fences, broken-down gates, or.
anything else about the farm that
3smacks Of shiftlessness, lack OF pride
and energy. remove it before the sun
sets. II not for your own sake. then
for the benefit OF your children. Set
them q good example. 1874
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-10-08
Proving ACE Of Mankind.

Proving Age Of Mankind.
Prof. Peuck, director of the Berlin
Deep Sea Institute and American ex-
change professor, has come to
America for short stay. The pro-
lessor may lecture in New York on
the interesting anthropological discov-
cry made In q wonderful cave named
the Understandable. at Saints. Swift.
xerland. Or. Eckehardt discovered
/; this cave and later on DR.. Bachler an-
;earthed In its numerous remains 81 Il
colony Of bears with 9 quantity Of
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-10-08

The Connecticut angler who has
met with great success through sink
ing large bottle full of live bait, and
fishing alongside the glass prison for
the hungry big fish that become an
gered by humping their noses against
1t, has given fresh excuse for includ-
ing the bottle in fishing outfits.
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-10-08

3 Now tnat Minister WI Ting Fang is
returning to China again. they are
telling stories about him. Here is
one: A few years ago, in New York,
he was met by Tammany politician.
What is your Christian name, sir?"
the politician asked. At once the dip
lomat's oriental calm stiffened into
dignity. my surname is Wu,"
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-10-08
PREPARING THE SEED BED
New Method in Arid Region Is to List
the Ground Soon as Possible
After Harvest.

new method of preparing the
seed bed for wheat is coming into
practice in the arid region The plan:
is to list the ground with an ordinary
corn lister as soon after harvest, as
possible. The lister burrows are run
from three to three and one-half feet
apart, very much the same as when
the lister is used for planting corn.
Later when the weeds have sprung
up the soil is worked back into the
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-10-08

A decree has been published in
Spain suppressing the privilege Of
purchase Of immunity from military
service. All will now have to serve
In the army, rich and poor alike. This
is first fruit Of the popular uprising
and is encouraging. as 1t shows that
the Spanish government is willing to
listen to the. voice Of the people.
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-10-08
ROLLER ESSENTIAL FOR LAWN
Good Example Of Homemade lmple.
ment Shown in Illustration
How to Make One.

A roller is an absolute necessity for
the proper maintenance of the lawn
and walks, and those made in sections
which serve to make turning easy are
the best, although their cost prevents
many from owning them. One of the
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-10-08

Labor troubles in this country are
not numerous at the present time, and
there would be fewer of them were 1t
not for the professional agitators who
make 1t business to stir up these
troubles.
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-10-08

An unusual example of loyalty is
given by the petition of woman in
Seattle for divorce because her Eng
lish husband will not allow her to
shoot of firecrackers and display the
American flag on the Fourth of July.
She should, however, assert her inde-
pendence In better way by defyins
her marital tyrant and periodically
shooting of the fireworks anyway.
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-10-08

One of the best signs of good times
is the activity in the repair shops of
the railroads. Talk of another car
shortage is about due
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-10-08

The fool who rocks the boat has
not been heard from frequently this
summer. but victims of carelessness
have increased to lamentablc extent.
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-10-08

It's windy day when no one beats
the record with an aeroplane. The
aeroplane and the art of managing
1t are undergoing steady improve
ment.
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-10-08

The African Diamond Trust has put
up prices. Here is where the heart
less monopolies take advantage again
of the necessity of the poor :
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-10-08

Too many summer elopement
Winds up in an autumn divorce court
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-10-08

Some of the summer romances do
not end as happily as the designers
of them expected.
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-10-08

There is always SO much trouble
about moving the crops that the farm
ers ought to put casters on them.
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-10-08

The airship man declines . be
called chauffeur. He claims to be
a professor of aviation.
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-10-08

That swimmer who failed to swim
the English channel after the seventh
trial should get an airship.
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-10-08

Such of the crops as were waiting
for rain may now proceed with their
unfinished business.
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-10-08

Sweden has added its name to the
long list of foreign lands that are hav
ing heap of trouble this summer
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-10-08

One nice thing about Minister WI
was the fact that it was almost impos
sible to misspell his name.
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-10-08

1t does not hurt to hope that the
cost Of living will be reduced.
Albuquerque morning journal. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1903-1926, 1909-10-19
DEATH WORKS HAVOC
IN RANKS Of
VETERANS
Nearly Thirty-Three Thousand
Survivors of Civil Wal on
Pension Rolls Pass Away
During Past Fiscal Year,


Washington. oct. 1S.-Death's in
vasion of the fast thinning ranks OF
the war Veterans caused 4S.3l2 names
to be dropped from the pension rolls
If the United states last year. OF this
number 32,S31 were survivors of the
iyil war. The total loss to the pen.
sion roll from all causes was 51.581.
In striking contrast TO these figures
comprised in the annual report Of
Nespasian Warner, commissioner OF
pensions, comes the statement that
the government paid out in pensions
In the fiscal year ending June 80, '09,
sl41,9S0. 1908. which the commissioner
declares is the largest amount ever
disbursed for pensions in one year.
Summarized, the report shows these
facts:
Number Of pensioners at the begin
ming or the year 951.6S7; number of
new pensioners added to the roll, 49,
0SS; pensioners on roll AT close of
year, 946,194, net decrease of 5,49S.
survivors of the civil war on the roll
now number 593.961.
Albuquerque morning journal. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1903-1926, 1909-10-19
Cost Of MisruIe in New York

Antt-Tammany fusion Is meetins
with some difficulty. The candidacy
Of Judge Gaynor. az We have explain,
cd. is a serious complication. and tn,
demand of The Hearst followers for q
radical platform. with municipa
subways as the chief plank, introduces
another complication.
But the issue Of the municipal cleo
,ion is ready-made. Tammany graft
Tammany waste. and Tammany graft
competence are illustrated by the
swollen" budget tentatively worked
ont by the department heads. The ag-
eregnte is staggering $IS3. 900, 600
The increase over last years total now
asked is about S27. 900, oo0.
There was a time when New York
or We're proud Of their imperial
budget They used to point with sat
isfaction. to tho amounts appropriated
by their municipal rulers for educa-
ton. street cleaning. charities. police.
fire protection, tenement and health
Inspection, etc. They are wiser and
s1dder now. They have seen their Of
f~leials dismissed from office by the
governor for corruption, neglect and
inonicicncy; they have discovered that
they pay millions for improvements
that are affected only on paper; they
know that the city pays for land and
other property three and five times
the amounts paid by private purchas-
ers. They have been told by dlsinter-
cstcd investigators that every Tam
many office is osermanned and every
pay roll is padded
How many millions of the taxpay-
ers' money Tammany has either vast
ed or stolen and permitted others TO
steal ach vcar-what part of the ire
mcndous budget is due to graft and
plundcr-no one knows. but the esti-
mates place it at between $4,000, 600
and $40. 600. 900.
When each family of five is taxed
about $500 TO pay ~TaMmany's run
ming eNpenses-to fiji the pockets of
men who are in politics for revenue
only and enrich their friends and bus
mess associates-thcre should he no
formidable obstacle to union against
Tammany. Minor differences might
well be waived in the interest of the
simple honesty and reasonable ehic-
in local administration. The an
ti-1Ammany issue is moral, but it has
its practical side, a side that can be
presented in eloquent figures.-Chi-
cago Record-Herald.