davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1909-03-22
NEGROES FLOCK TO THE TOWNS
Sale of "Witch-Proof Candles.
| voodoo Rites Practiced in
:! New Orleans.
BY WILLIAM T.. CT RTIS

BY WILLIAM T.. CURTIS.
SnceiaI Correspondence OF The Star and the
Chicago Record Herald.
NEW ORLEANS, March 10. 1909.
They tell me down here that a good
deal of cotton land is being planted with
sugar cane this year. and more will be
converted that way in case the tariff on
sugar is maintained as at present A
good deal OF sugar land was planted with
cotton when the latter staple was at high
tide. but since the anti-future speculation
law was passed and the boil weevil has
become so troublesome the planters are
going back to sugar again. There has
always been more or less changing of
crops, according to the fuctuation of
prices. and when prices for sugar are up
and the tariff is right there is more
money In sugar than in cotton. This
year, assuming that the present duty on
sugar will be retained. there Is likely
to be record crop in that staple. which
will he followed by the erection Of sew
eral new mills. A poor man cannot Gull
tivate sugar. because 1t must be done on
a large scale TO be profitable; but cotton
is the exclusive crop on every one
| mule" farm. The sugar belt is limited
miles long. 1t is necessary TO have a
| rich. deep soil and plenty of water. and
| it must be below the frost belt.
There has been determined effort on
| the part of the Cotton Growers Associa-
| ton to keep down the acreage. Harvie
Jordan, the president. has Travelled from
| one end of the cotton belt to the other
organizing the planters and getting
pledges from them that they will reduce
the acreage planted In order to put I'D
the price. and that has had its effect
also, although not so much as is gener-
ally supposed. 1t is the boil weevil, a
little insect about as big as a house fly,
which bOres into the base of the boil in
which the cotton forms in a most in
sidious manner and kills it as dead as
Moses. 1t always strikes at the vital
place, just at the top of the spine and the
base of the brain of the cotton plant,
and few of those little creatures can
destroy vast amount of property with
Agricultural Department at Washington
and the state authorities throughout the
cotton belts have been making tremen-
dous efforts to eradicate this plague. it
is still very destructive. and is having
an extraordinary influence upon the cot
ton industry
For example. the finest cotton in the
world, the extra long staple. is grown
In the delta lands of the Yazoo valley.
and has brought a higher price than any
other in the market, but the planters
there have been compelled to grow short
staple instead because it natures earlier
and thus can be protected more easily
from the boil weevil The long staple
takes several weeks longer to mature, and
that gives the pest a better chance at II
Hence long staple will be scarce for the
future, because the Yazvo valley is its
only source.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1909-03-22

WINCHESTER. n. H.. March 22.-Fire
yesterday destroyed the Winchester Tan
merry, the largest industrial establishment
In the town The loss on buildings and
stock is estimated at 100000.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1909-03-22
Representative Stanley of Ky.

1T is exceedingly unfortunate that
the President of the United States is
inaugurated on the 4th of March, a
day usually inclement. and if this
change could be made by resolution
OF the two houses. or by statute, it
would certainly be advisable.
II am not prepared however. to say
that the Inconvenience incident to an
inauguration on typical 4th OF
March would justify an amendment to
the Constitution This change of itself
is. of course. desirable. There is prob
ability. however. of other changes in
the event an attempt should be made
to alter that instrument in any way
whatever. The amendments made to
the Constitution in the last forty
years have not. in my opinion, in any
way improved that instrument. I sin
cerely deprecate a disposition to alter
rather than to respect and obey the
Constitution of the United States.''
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1909-03-22

81 am enthusiastically in accord with
the suggested change in the date of in
augurating Presidents of the United
States from March to some time In
the latter part OF April or the early part
of May am informed from the
weather bureau reports that on or about
March the weather at this point is
much more likely to be stormy and dis
appointing than at nearly any other sea-
son of the year. Those who were here
from every section of the country to
witness this national event March this
year can testify to the fruitless efforts
of nearly all who attended to witness
| the most important part OF the cere-
monies. necessarily scheduled for out
| side. endangering life and health in the
efforts. in many cases after long travel
and large expense incurred. Not alone
| the lives and health of those attending,
but those who are forced to take part in
parade and martial display are endan-
gered by weather such as we had this
year. 1t. is Of the utmost Importance
that arrangements be assured of the
rnost favorable season OF the year at
this point, and still held at time when
people generally over the country and of
every calling and profession can most
| eadily leave their homes. Care may
need to be exercised in order to avoid
possible constitutional complications in
the suggested amendment to the Consti-
tuition for the change of the date of the
beginning and ending of the official term
of Office
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1909-03-22
"Witchproof Candles"

The Standard Oil Company has gone in
to the voodoo business, and is making
waterproof candles for the superstitious
negroes of New Orleans Several years
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1909-03-22
REPRESENTATIVE Barnhart, Ind:

II am in favor OF changing inausura-
ton dav from March 4 to a date not
earlier than May 4. for the reason that
it is pleasant throughout our entire
country about this season of the year
The capital of the nation would be Its
prettiest and most inviting at that time.
and as q rule, the newly inaugurated
President would not have a Congress on
his hands in the beginning of his new
duties. when he is deeply absorbed in
familiarizng himself with the affairs In
cident to his great office"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1909-03-22
Senator Smith of MARYLAND.

From the standpoint of the public
interest incident to the holiday, sight
seeing. ETC.. a change of date is
unquestionably desired. But whether
from standpoint Of interference with
the business Of the government che
business is to be sacrificed to visitors
to the inauguration is the question to
be decided. If the change could be
made without prejudice or interference
with the discharge of public business,
I shall certainly vote for the change"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1909-03-22
Representative Wood of N. ].

II am heartily in favor of the pro-
posed amendment to the Constitution
providing for a change in the date Of
the Inauguration OF the President OF
the United States to the fourth Thurs
day in April"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1909-03-22

Representative Sparkman, Florida:
II am heartily in favor of the change
and shall. if opportunity affords, vote
therefor"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1909-03-22
MORE FAVOR A CHANGE RAISING SUGAR CANE
Members of Congress Discuss Less Cotton Being Planted in
Inauguration Date. Louisiana.
ACTION AT THIS SESSION HOPES BASED ON TARIFF
When Way General Complaint Of the Lack Of
Is Expected. Labor
EXPRESSIONS OF OPINION NEGROES FLOCK TO THE TOWNS
ViewMeasure Likely voodoo Rites Practiced in
With a New Orleans
faction AT THIS SESSION
When Tariff Bill Is Out of the Way
Move Is Expected.
EXPRESSIONS OF OPINION
Senators and Representatives Give
Their Views-Measure Likely to
Pass With a Rush.

Despite the very general sentiment or
members Of Congress with respect to the
proposed change in the date of the inau-
suration of future Presidents and Vice
Presidents Of the United States from the
4th of March to some time in the latter
part Of April or the first part OF May
nothing has been done In either branch
of Congress as yet to bring the matter
up in formal way. Those who are
working for the change are not at all ap-
prehensive however, as II is generally
realized that the tariff program must be
carried through without delay and that
until the schedules are disposed OF by be-
ing finally enacted into permanent law
nothing else of legislative nature
can be taken up. 1t is hoped. however.
that as soon as the House passes the
tariff bill and sends that measure to the
Senate the change Of inaugural date
NAV then receive attention. A propo-
sition to change the day would pass the
House with a rush after itshad been de-
bated and explained. Probably the same
NAV be said of the Senate.
In the meantime The Star is receiving
additional expressions OF opinion on the
subject from members of Congress. Here
are some of them:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1909-03-22
Representative Kronmiller of Nd.

Il am heartily in favor of the propo-
sition to change, by amendment to the
Constitution. the date of inaugurating
future Presidents and Vice Presidents
of the United States. In my judgmen mt
the early part OF May would be more
suitable and desirable"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1909-03-22
Representative Heald Of Delaware.

Il am heartily in favor of changing
the Inauguration from March to the
historic date of April 30"
The San Francisco call., 1909-12-11

bility Fig. s shows the braces in
position.
Fig is an enlarged view of the
rudder and mechanism. One and
sixteenth inch bamboo strips are the
best for the rudder frame, though pine
Will do. The best way to fasten this
light bamboo together is to first glue
the joints and then bind with shoe
makers thread Don't try to use tacks.
This method should be employed in
all light framework.
The tiller CA, Fig. 81 turns on the
tack pivot of the sternpost (B. Fig. 30
and is fixed at the angle wanted by
the movable pin in the different holes
OF the semicircular base &C, Fig. 81.
The rear or lighting plane" is shown
in the enlarged view of Fig f. Con-
struct the framework of the plane of
one and a sixteenth inch bamboo
strips cut to sizes marked fastening
together with glue and shoemaker's
thread as in the rudder frame.
The lifting plane governs the height
of an aeroplanes flight. For instance,
if you want the airship to make a long,
level fight the planes should be set
horizontally. A gradual upward flight
means slight dip of the plane down
ward. Here the same principle OF the
steering gear is used, only up and
down instead.
The projection CA. Fig. - is cut of
two thin tin strips. the ends of which
ere bent to and firmly wired to the
plane framework The projection is
pivoted on the rudder post at B. Fig. 4,
by small wire nail. and can be tilted
into any position by removing the pin
&c, Fig. - and inserting same in the
other holes of the diagonal support
Cd, Fig. -. The rudder post is three
sixteenths of an inch square and the
diagonal supporter three-sixteenths of
an inch wide by an eighth of an inch
thick.
The large main" plane Is shown in
The San Francisco call., 1909-12-11

see If he could improve on IL.
In the meantime something wholly
unexpected occurred. The quantities of
cloth and shoes had been manufactured
during the cool months OF 1894 and 1895
and when the warm weather came the
larger part OF them melted. Twenty
thousand dollars worth of garments
were returned, and. not only were they
reduced to the consistency of common
gum but so offensive was their odor
that they were forced to bury them. In
some cases the shoes bore the heat of
one summer, but melted the next, while
wagon covers became sticky in the sun
and stiff In the cold.
Mr. Goodyear made his Improvement
New York to sell it to the company.
they could not buy his life preserver,
not give him for the secret, IL he could
stand the summers heat And now.
you should know little of this man.
Charles Goodyear.
From his childhood he had always
been interested in indiarubber When
he walked through the streets of New
Haven, a schoolboy, he had an abiding
of this peculiar substance. But. at the
time when he was asked by the Rox-
bury company to investigate this SUBJ
ject, he was man grown, with fam
lily on his hands, was struggling hard
against Imprisonment for debt, and
had already failed In business He
The San Francisco call., 1909-12-11

and solder to the shaft. or whittle 1t out
from thin pine slab. The best way
is to find two bladed toy boat pro-
peller and copy that as your model.
IT should be Is inches long and an inch
and half wide in its widest part.
Now drive the shaft nail through the
hub SO the propeller is firm and immoy-
ably fixed upon 1t and then put on the
bearing" (E, Fig. u. The bearing may
consist of any small button or bead
with hole pierced in it. Then insert
the shaft through the end brace (B,
Fig. u and slip on the other bearing.
Then with pair of strong pliers
bend the end as shown, after which
wire the section IF. Fig. u so the
shaft will not slip forward through
the shaft hole. Then attach the end
brace in place fB. Fig. II by the same
means used in placing the end brace.
Procure the long, heavy rubber
bands (C-C-C. Fig -, cutting each SO
its ends may be attached to the other
bands as shown. Smaller rubber
straps or string may be used to fasten
of smaller bands may be also strung
together to serve if you can't find the
big bands. so long as the winding up
principle can be carried out.
That is why the shaft end with the
propeller revolves while the other end
is fixed and immovable. The propeller
is turned round and round by hand
until the bands are all twisted tight
as possible (see Fig. 60. The second
the propeller is released the bands
begin to relax. which operation un-
winds them, thus turning the shaft at
high speed. and there is your rubber
band motor"
Fig shows the landing braces.
which you can make of pine strips
an eighth of an inch square and cut
to the sizes marked. In fastening to-
gether fish glue reinforced by fine wire
at the joints will give the proper sta
The San Francisco call., 1909-12-11

Fig. s. First construct the framework
in the same way you did the frame
work for the lifting plane Cut the
strips to the sizes marked in Fig. 5.
The two long strips should be an
eighth Of an inch wide by a sixteenth
of an Inch thick. but the nine small
strips should be a sixteenth of an inch
square When the framework is bound
together firmly the canvas" is ready
to be stretched upon IL.
The method employed applies TO the
clothing" OF the rudder and the lifting
plane also.
Chinese silk is the Iightest. strongest
and best material. but every boy can
not get it. so white cambric. muslin or
any very light cloth will do. Cut the
cloth out, leaving a half inch margin
for the flaps all around, with the
notching at the four corners, as shown
by the dotted lines of Fig. 8. Then
brush glue along the flaps and turn
them over the framework. gluing down
firmly all along the edges
After the plane is thoroughly dry
YOU may curve it (also the Htting
planet by wiring the ends. as shown
b. A, Fig. s. Fasten it fir-nly TO the
backbone" by brads, and further
steady it by wiring it further, as
shown.
And now as TO flying the completed
aeroplane. No airship is liable to be
have on the first trials Your rubber
bands may not be adjusted exactly
right to give most power; your lift
ing planes may not be tilted right;
the wind may be too strong or dozen
little things may annoy you, or maybe
YOU don't know how to launch prop
erly.
Don't give any strong initial push.
but simply let the airship fly out of
your hands with as little exertiOn on
your part as possible when the pro-
peIler is released. for in flying model
aeroplane proper launching is half the
secret of a long. successful flight
The San Francisco call., 1909-12-11

melted his first pound OF rubber inside
prison limits. After his release he
worked patiently under great Difficult
ties. Think of this strong. earnest soul
melting I'VE cents worth of the gum at
a time over the kitchen fire. kneading
it himself and rolling it with his wife's
rolling PIN After time he succeeded
in making some cloth which bade fair
to stand the test; then a friend ad-
vanced him money to make several
hundred pairs or shoes. but ne stored
them until summer. and alasl they were
all reduced to that same i'll smelling
paste. But don't you think for one
moment that he gave up. He obtained
some barrels of the sap still liquid. and
began to experiment with different sub
stances, and at last discovered that the
great agent which had eluded him so
long was sulphur. Then came a weary
time trying to find out how to mix IL in
the mass, and at the right temperature.
The last discovery came by accident
He stood talking with friend one day
holding nhis hands a lump OF rubber
which he knesded as they talked. In
a careless gesture he hit the rubber
against the red hot stove. Instead of
melting, 1t became hardened. but was
still elastic or springy. Then he knew
that he had found the secret of vulcan
izing indiarubber. the secret which
has made Ii one of the most useful sub
stances in the world.
The greatest rubber market in the
world Is Para, IN Brazil. which supplies
more than a fourth of all the crude
rubber used
The San Francisco call., 1909-12-11
ABOUT COMMON THINGS
BEGINNING OF THE RUBBER INDUSTRY

common use. The manner Of making
them was very crude. The sap was
gathered from the trees, clay lasts were
dipped 20 or 80 times into the liquid.
each layer being smoked little; then
the shoes were hung up to harden for
a few days. after which the clay was
removed and the shoes were stored for
several months to harden them still
more.
The Yankees thought they could do
all this better than South American
Indians, and cheaper. for a pair of
shoes brought from So to IS. while the
raw gum sold In Boston for 5 cents
a pound indeed. so much of 1t was
brought in vessels that there were
large quantities of which no use was
made. So the Roxbury rubber company
was formed. and 1t made an amazing
progress, its capital speedily increasing
from $4,000 to 100000. Some one in
vented a rubber cloth which this COM
pany manufactured making coats. caps,
wagon curtains and such articles. Other
factories were started, and there was
a regular indiarubber mania. When
the business was at its height Charles
Goodyear first had his attention di-
rected to the material being manufac-
tured. He saw some life preseryers,
examined them carefully, and, being q
Yankee, bought one and took it home to
The San Francisco call., 1909-12-11
By ARTHUR M. LANGwoRrHY

a OST every boy with mechanical
M "streak' knows that the aero
plane is usually either a biplane
or monoplane.. A biplane has two
sets of large main planes, as in the
Wrights' machines. and 1t is extremely
difficult for any but a trained mechan-
ician to build. The monoplane, having
but one set Of main planes, is much
easier to construct, and it flies every bit
as well.
First prepare the backbone of the
monoplane A three foot rattan stick
three -eighths of an inch square is best
and lightest, but white wood or pine
will do. Then cut the two end braces
{A-B, Fig. ID each one inch high by
half an inch wide by quarter of an
inch thick. First attach the end brace
CA, Fig. II to end as shown. Use fish
glue and then wire firmly in place as
shown. A couple of very thin small wire
nails are now driven into the top to
reinforce. Don't drive directly in GEN.
ter. If the wiring is good and tight
all danger of splitting from the nail is
prevented. Having got the principal
frame work. the next problem is the
motive power. This is supplied by the
rubber band motor (C-C-C, Fig. u
and is the easiest part Of the whole
construction. First insert the screweye
into the end brace ca, Fig. ID. The
screweye must be in SO tight that 1t Is
immovable and no amount of pressure
can turn it.
Then bore a hole through the end
brace tB. Fig. -. The best way to do
this without splitting is to heat wire
red hot and burn it through. 1t is now
ready for the propeller shaft to be
inserted. The hole should be a trifie
larger than the long wire nall Cd. Fig.
-, which is the shaft. This brings us
to the propeller.
You can fashion it of very thin tin
The San Francisco call., 1909-12-11
By GUSSIE P. DUBOIS

~ UR great-grandfathers knew rub
l Der only as a curiosity and sub
stance for erasing pencil marks.
In 1910 1t was still SO scarce an article
that piece containing half cubic
inch was sold in London for rs cents.
1t is however. one of the articles of
which nature has provided vast sup
ply. and greater quantities soon found
their way into the commerce of the
world. until in the year 1920 1t was FREE
quentiy brought over in ships as bal
last So people began making expert
ments with view to rendering 1t use
full. and 1t was found to be a valuable
ingredient of bfacking in varnish
In England, Macintosh invented his
still celebrated waterproof coats made
with paste of indiarubber between
two cloths. In 1920 a pair of rubber
shoes were seen for the first time in
the United States. They were shaped
like a Chinese shoes. were covered
with gliding, and were handed about
as a curiosity. Two or three years
later a ship from South America
brought to Boston 500 pairs of rubber
shoes, thick, heavy and Ill shaped They
sold rapidly, others were imported, and
fndiarubber shoes became articles of
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1909-01-21
YOu Nay Regret ID If You Do Not.
How to Win
Information Blank
DECENTRALIZATION TO WIN


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The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1909-01-21
Directions
For Contestants

Write your solution on plain sheet Of
writing paper, complete information
blank opposite), and send oribring to u.s.
The use of this latter blank is to enable
us to know how many homes in this vicin-
ity are without pianos. There are no limits
or restrictions as to the number Of contes-
tants in family, but only one prize will be
given in family.
any one in the family of an employee Of
The Baldwin Company, nor to any one Of
the judges in this contest, or to any one
in their immediate families.
Only one coupon may be applied on the
purchase Of any piano.
Winners Of prizes can apply same on
any new piano in the entire line of Bald
win, Ellington, Hamilton, Howard Valley
Gem and Monarch Pianos carried in stock.
Every piano on our floor is always
marked in plain figures at the regular sell
ing price and not only will the coupon be
accepted as so much cash on piano, but
the balance of the purchase price may be
arranged on easy terms if desired Every
piano is fully warranted by The Baldwin
Company.
This contest will close Thursday, Jan.
%, 1909, at 10 o clock a. M, and all answers
must be delivered to us on or before that
hour.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1909-01-21

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