Anadarko daily democrat. [volume] (Anadarko, Oklahoma) 1908-191?, 1909-11-01


Few are - .hy co plete-
ness with N... POO G., ~a led ele-
nents of CO. d., "a nd trans
orn ed in;o valua cts In the
mer e o. co , .O.- hard coal.
II T. no o. oLg Aat gas works
wc~c Oh o, these by
pIo, 20, nc DO. producer
car Crd way no FMS
was 'ar. 30 cuy 80 ", nuc de-
ivcd ron Il llti, 20 I mon
ey to get rid /, ow. ibis tar Is
one of the " sD Q products
in coke nal rg From every ton o
coal converted irto coke about nine
gallons of coal tar are produced, and
the history of chemistry tells of no
more skillful work then was done in
working up usef"l md valuable prod.
lcts from this b'-c sticky mass.
Over 2c0 ep1la,e substances have
been Isolated from tar. OF the first
/ Importance are anthracene and naph.
a9'ene. Ar'hracene, In a pure state
Is a beautiful yellow crystal, and Is
he starting point for a series Of the
well-known coal tar dyes. Naphtha
iene is also the basis of n series of
dyes, but is better known in the form
Of moth.ba'ls. Although coal tar is
black. the naphthalene comes out of
II as white as snow.
Two other important products OBJ.
tained from the tar are carbolic and
crysvlio acids. The uses Of these two
products as disinfectants and germi
'ldes need no description But there
is another use for carbolic acid which
Is not so generally known, viz, that
transforming of II into picric acid by
reatment with concentrated nitric
cid. This picric acid is the base for
deadly high explosives" And
'trangely enough, after you have shot
man to pieces with picric acid. you
ran allay his pain with the same
hing. for picric acid has a place in
surgery.
Books have been written on the
'roducts obtained from coal tar. but
here we can but touch upon the sub
ect, and we may conclude with the
1ere mention of creosote oil for pre-
erving timber, etc. Of pitch for roofs
nd for roads, of pyridine for dena.
uring alcohol We must leave TN
ouched the great number OF complex
'hemicals which are either used them
selves or are transformed into other
INSTANCES in a never-ending cycle.
Besides the tar, every ton of coal
| t,NA
duces about 5h pounds OF pure am
| 1onia which Is equivalent to about
/ 9 pounds of ammonium sulphate,
ertiizer of unrivaled merit. This
fertilizer is made from the ammonia
| by combining it with sulphuric acid
or oil of vitriol. Or the ammonia may
be converted to the liquid ammonia of
the drug stores, or It may finally ap.
pear as real liquid ammonia, which is
pure ammonia gas liquified by pres
sure and cold.
Further uses OF ammonia are as
smelling salts and the carbonate of
the baker, which makes possible all
the modern dainty CONNECTIONS. The
ammonium chloride used in batteries
dlaO 10 utllNtu rum Ant NOdl WHICH
goes to make coke.
other products of commercial inn
portance derived from the hard coal
coke processes are benzol and toluol
From benzol nitro-benzol is made. and
from that aniline is made, and from
aniline springs a series of dye-stuffs
or such Importance that millions of
dollars are invested in plants for
their manufacture. Besides making
| dyes, benzol and toluol have a multi
tude of uses. BenZol is the best solv.
ent known for organic compounds.
and is used for extracting grease from
| garbage. in the DECREASING" of hides,
In varnishes, shellac. varnish remov.
| ers; for dissolving rubber, wakes and
gums. Toluol in general Is used for
similar solvent purposes. One impor-
tant use for benzol is gas enrichment.
One per cent of henzol vapor intro
! ducod into ordinary coal gas will in.
crease its luminosity by about IL can.
| dies
There are many strange things with
strange names made from benzol and
toluol, and their development during
the last century is one of the beacon
lights of chemical history.