davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1909-08-06
FARMERS FOUNDING BANKS.
interesting Aspects Of q Movement
Which Goes on Extending.

interesting Aspects Of . Movement
Which Goes on Extending.
The farlner-bunker is becoming an
important factor in the interior towns.
IN literally hundreds of little towns.
tome with not more than $50 popula-
ZION. have been started banks during
The past three or four years. Many Of
these have farmers as stockholders
and officers. Some Of them are prac-
tically owned by farmers. only n or
two stockholders being from the town.
These banks get large deposits be-
cause they. draw from farming Sec
lions that have been prosperous dur
ing the past decade. and the fact that
leading farmers are stockholders gives
prestige to the institution. Indeed. this
IL SO well understood that most new
banks in the farming sections try to
secure as many farmer stockholders
as possible. 1t Is not uncommon to
find small banks with nine or eleven
directors nearly all Of whom are farm
ers, placed there because Of the benefit
to be derived from the advertising.
The influence of this Is directly to-
ward conservation. The farmer be-
lieves in making the bank safe; hence
he looks with doubt on commercial pa
per and ties his faith to farm mort
cages and similar investments. If
nothing offers he keeps the money in
the vault until at times banks have
IS to 70 per cent of their deposits in
cash and sight exchange. He likewise
has a we'll defined doubtfulness of ev-
erything that savors Of Wall stree.
and cautions his officers to use great
care. This is particularly true since
the furry of 1907. and 1t results III
tying up a great deal of money that
should be working. The farmer-bank-
er is being educated. but at present he
a factor to be considered in the esti-
mate of interior bank conditions.
The bank commissioner has found a
new scheme in bank promoting. He
that in the small towns Of
he central and western counties of
he state men are organizing banks
Is speculations. The promoter goes
nto towns that have already more
,anks than needed and easily finds in
vestors ready to put in money because
# the banking craze and the adver-
Using they get from being bank Off
and stockholders. To push the
the names of leading lei of
he state wfe are said to be interested
re used without their knowledge. TheaE
romotcr puts in very little money and
sualiy manages to get that ont as
Don as the bank starts. incidentally
e sells bank fixtures. safes and sta
,ra!a which he re1ps q CON-
e" $500 or more. He oye
n 10 :; lew town and works the plan
yer again. This has become so CON-
ION that the banking department has
fred The r!nn 1nG f:;ss s'1is. Hd some
pecifc inst;tlves. ..o!p;l.ss II wsit Iaol II
to the practice.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1909-08-06
IN NORTH DAKOTA
News Of the Week From VarI.
Gus Parts Of the State,
SCHOOL WINS STOCK Prize
Minneapolis Club Trophy Goes
=, to Agricultural College.

North Dakota Agricultural college
won the special prize offered by the
Minneapolis Commercial club for the
fat beef animal suitable for the pack.
ing house trade show at the North
Dakota state fair. The animal was a
Hereford steer weighing 1,400 pounds
and was pronounced by Professors D.
A. Gaumnitz and George P. Grout OF
che Minnesota College of Agriculture
rs the best specimen of beef animal
exhibited. the prize is a sterling sill.
yer loving cup.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1909-08-06
CARPENTERS OUT on STRIKE
Fargo Union Demands Nine-Hour Day
and. Stops Building.

Carpenters who were recently or
xanized Fargo, walked out. They
made individual demands on each EN-
Moving contractor for a nine-hour day
ut IS. cents per hour. Receiving
neither. refusal nor compliance all
members remained away from work.
President Meland Of the association
claimed some smaller contractors are
signing up.
Leading contractors have a strong
organization and insist they Will stand
for an open shop. Building activities
are at q standstill.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1909-08-06
Be Good to Old Apple Trees.

90 ~SSN It.
Old apple trees can be brought back
to. fruftfufness by spreading q thick
coat of rich rotted manure, arpund the
tree, and blowing 1t under: Fl ground
cannot be pIowed fork it under. The
next thing to do is to cut out all dead
branches, NIL cross limbs and suckers
growing around the base of tree. These
take up the sap which should go into
the. fruit. The next thing to be done is.
Il rrscrab6ses on the old dead Dirk. then
wash with strong I've soapy water.
Use a stir brush, to cleanse the bark.
Ashes from hard wood mnv be used in
place of soap. Various tree washes
have been recommended. but there Is
probably nothing better than good
homemade soft soap thinned with Just
enough war; water to make a good
suds. II the manure is Of poor quality
about one peck Of a complete animal
bone fertilizer should be. spread around
q medium sized tree and two pecks
around a large tree. Spread It on top
Of the plowed sod and hoe It in. In
November another dressing Of rotted
manure should be spread around each
tree and worked into the soil.
Many an old apple. pear. peach and
cherry r e that is supposed to be
worthless needs only good culture and
sufficient plant food Of the right quail
ity to be brought back into full bear
ing.
Cattle should net be pastured in the
orchard. They pack the sod so solid as
to prevent a fun supply OF moisture
reaching the tree roots. and they Craze
the grass so close as to afford no pro-
lection to the roots from the hot sun
and drying winds.
Try this method with the old fruit
tree: This work may be done any time
this month. the earlier the better.
eumblsbses and Butterflies In olsver.
The bumblebee is a friend Of the
farmer. and so Is the butterfly. IN sec
tions where clover seed crops are de-
pended upon the value Of the humble
~ Am@A - L.A -
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1909-08-06
Farm ara
Garden
POULTRY TRAP NESTS.

Easily Constructed and Warranted a
Give Good Satisfaction.
The illustration marked A repre-
sents a trap nest constructed by stu
dents in the poultry course at the
Pennsylvania State college. It b made
out Of an orange box.
All that is required to make these
trap nests r a frame and tilt, as
shown In the figure. The tilt is balanc-
ed. On the hen entering the nest atthe
rear Of box her back touches the tilt,
which drops forward and confines her
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1909-08-06
FARGO REJECTS THE PLAN

Turns Down Commission Form OF
Government.
Fargo rejected the commission form
Of government by a majority of 81.
Nearly 1000 votes we're cast. It Is
regarded as a great victory for the
administration and James Kenneday.
Republican national committeeman.
The proposition cannot be submitted
again for four years.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1909-08-06

bee as an agent in fertilizing the clo-
yer blooms g fully appreciated. A
knowledge should be had Of the useful
as we'll as. the destructive insects.
which would prove that the farmer,
has quite as many good insect friends
ms he has destructive ones. The clover
in the Illustration is the red species.
It is a favorite with the butterfly.
Farmers Families In This Country.
It is estimated that there are about
100000 farmers families in the Unft-
ed States today. taking the word farm
err in Its broadcast sense and including
all families living in the open country.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1909-08-06

The scared English should reflect
that IL their continental foes can get
at them in their homes by ~aeroplane
they a escape to America by the
same means.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1909-08-06
The Flight Across the Channel.

The Flight Across the Channel.
The monopIane flight Of NJ. Bleriot
across the English channel marks en-
epoch in aerial navigation. 1t may
prove almost. as much OF a miiepost
as the first transmission OF a message
BY aerial telegraph across the same
channel. To 6y ever this historic.
turbulent aud fog choked neck Of wa
ter has been the one dream Of French
a%eronauts since Montgolfer shot up in
his 6rst balloon over a century ago.
This makes Bleriot's achievement all
the more notable.
Perhaps the most significant feature
Of the achievement 10 that It was made
by a heavier than afr machine and BY
a monoplane at that. 1t has become
more and more apparent that the aero
plane and not the dirigible' balloon Is
to be the vessel Of the air. The bal
loon is the sport Of the wind. Aero
planes are more on the lines Of nature,
being like the birds and insects. all Of
which r heavier than air. 1T Is
striking also that this feat should have
been accomplished by a monoplane.
which is still more closely modelled
after the bird and insect than the
Wright machine and most Of the 9TH
ers, which ri btpfanes.
The speed at which the. flight was
made was that Of an express train, or
more than forty-five miles an hour. If
aerial vessels are so swift in the in
fancy Of the science. who can predict
what their speed rate will be when the
aeroplane is perfected and in common
use?
The only amusing feature of the en-
tire incident is John Bulls nightmare
lest he be invaded By afrshfps. II a
is determined to be- scared per-
haps IT may as well be scared by I'M
agfnary airship fleets as anything else.
KS I - art- Gus .
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1909-08-06
A Wonderful Blackberry.

Although the planting season for
many fruits is gone. it is not too late
to mention a species of blackberry
known as the Logan. 1t is very sue
cessful in England and can be adapted
to some climates In country. 1t
Yields wonderful crops. While the
plants are perfecting their fruits now
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1909-08-06
FROM TOWN TO COUNTRY.
How q Lawyer and His Family Built
upe Profitable Business.

How q Lawyer ana IT'S TAuusy o0sst
up a Profitable Business.
This is the story of q professional
man whose longing for the freedom of
country life led him ut the age Of thir-
ty-six to abandon the city for the
farm. Unfortunately the record Of his
early struggles is very incomplete.
That these were severe is attested by
the fact that the owner and his family.
with a little hired labor, have cleared
seyenty-six acres Of heavily tanbered
land. built a comfortable home. with
substantial barn, dairy house, silo and
poultry houses, and have developed
under trying conditions one Of the
best paying farms in the country. In
1906 the gross income Of this farm was
about $1,000. It is considerably larger
now.
The farm In question is on the west
side of Puget sound, at the base Of
the Olympic mountains, in Oregon.
The products Of the farm are butter,
eggs. poultry and a small quantity Of
fresh port, These are carried to mar-
ket twelve miles over q fairly good
macadam road by team once a week
So careful is the owner Of this farm
of the market he has made that he.
has not once failed to deliver his
products on IFS regular market day
during the past twelve years.
Since this farm has been brought to
its present profitable state by the joint
efforts of every member of the house.
hold it is proper to say that when the
family moved to- the farm In 1887 1t
consisted Of man and wife, three boys
and three girls, the oldest child being
a boy of thirteen. The, only labor ever
hired on this farm before the first son
entered an agricultural college was a
w]oodchopper for less than three
months in 1856 to help to do the first
clearing, two carpenters for two
weeks In building the house in 1887
and other assistants for miscellaneous
pieces Of work costing not over 500
during the entire eighteen years up to
the fan Of 1905. The father and the
three SONS have done the farm work,
MIXED the COWS and made the butter.
The, household duties have been sys-
tematfcally discharged by the mother
and daughters. and for several years
the, mother and one of the daughters
have run most Of the poultry business.
another daughter has reared the
calves. while the third daughter has
Kept the books Of the establishment.
Readers may learn the details Of
this. farner'sswork by getting from the
United States department Of agricul-
tureN farmers bulletin No: $50.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1909-08-06

Being a world power. st. swfthin
pours water somewhere every day the
tabled forty included. whether you no.
tice it or net.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1909-08-06

Soon the smart London chap win.
dine in. Paris. then skiddoo home by
the airs route,for the. coffee and cigars.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1909-08-06

"What VIII It be when the. president
of the United States meets the presL
dent of Mexfco::" asks an. exchange.
''shake. Porf!rr ..Manana. Billrs'
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1909-08-06

Continuous drownings show that get
ting into TOO deep. water Is a. contin-
uorls,s fad with some people.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1909-08-06

Whom the gods would Destroy
thstt first make speed mad and then
keepSthle4 auto handy.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1909-08-06

Thousands of bachelors turned out
by, the coed and women's colleges viii
claim exemption from the bachelor
tax.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1909-08-06

Some women starve to get ont Of
London jail. and others istarye to get
intosheathS gowns.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1909-08-06
Creating : Food Supply.

Burbank has estimated that a single
kernel Of grain added to each sheaf Of
wheat grown would be sufficient to
supply the navy of civilized country.
It is we'll known that he has done 0
than this. He has in most of his prod
ucts generally doubled their produc-
tion. In this connection what makes
his cactus immensely valuable to the.
stockman is that 1t can be grown and
need not be used for fodder for two or
three Year, and when cut Is just as
good as ever
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1909-08-06
Setting Posts.

Any timber will last quite well II
Set in this way: Dig a square hole
about a foot deep. throwing the dirt
we'll back. Sharpen the post and drive
veil into the bottom. Then put q dat
stone against each side and q chunk
against the post. the boards holding
II the other way. This prevents their
,rotting on at the surface Of the ground.
as they always do. &
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1909-08-06
AGENT Ends His Life.

j. +. Nero, agent for a Minneapc-
No cream separator company, blew
eut his brains. In the rear Of M.
standfels store az Grand Forks.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1909-08-06

That wife who shot her husband
for overworking the family ,phono-
graph probably has the backing Of
next door %neighbors in her appeal to
the unwritten law.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1909-08-06

1t seems that the Americau school
master Ifs abroad" extensively In Tur-
key. and perhaps he's the very chap
who taught the Young Turk how to
shoot.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1909-08-06
Funeral Of Bishop Stanley.

Obsequies for Bishop Stanley
we're held in St. Mary's ca
thedral at Fargo. About 200 priests
of the diocese of Fargo and Minneso.
ia were in attendance. Pontifcal
requiem mass was sung by a choir of
priests. The celebrant of mass was
Bishop McGolrick of Duluth. The
funeral eulogy was by Archbishop Ire.
land of st. Paul. Interment was
made in St. Mary's cemetery until
the crypt in the cathedral is finished.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1909-08-06

People who 60 to Europe in a yacht
in order to be exclusive must expect
to bride old Neptune into inventing
a denatured s~easickness.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1909-08-06

If Galveston can bar QUE the SCI,
tempest other cities can bar out roagh
riding evils which torture them.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1909-08-06

pays" The majority Of those in the
business consider egg. production the
best end of the business. 1t IS often
the surest. There is much hess risk
attached to it. Then If the production
can be increased from five to ten eggs
q hen per year you are doing a good
business. The average hen does not
produce over eighty eggs q year. AT
the Maine station. where the trap nest
system has been In. 8 some years.
the record last year was between 1876
to 40 eggs per hen. which shows a
considerable gain over previous years.
New Land For Fruit.
Fruits Of all kinds do well upon
cleared woodland, provided. of course.
that the location and mechanical con-
dition of the soil are suitable. But it
is not wise to plant trees on such land
until it has been thoroughly plowed
and is in, a condition to be conveniently
cultivated. In planting an orchard
upon stumpy land stumps should not
be allowed to remain in proximity to
the newly set trees. The stumps will
not only interfere with cultivation. but
greatly endanger the trees by bruises
from horse or pillow.
Among small fruits the strawberry
thrives especially we'll n recently
cleared land. Upon such soil it makes
a most satisfactory growth and fruit
age, and much less labor Is required
to keep the weeds and grass down. as
the ground is not impregnated with
foul seed. This immunity Of new
ground. compared to old land, from
weed and grass infestation is a most
important factor not only In straw.
berry culture, but In all gardening. OF
trucking operations.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1909-08-06
The Farmer 81 Japan.

On the whole and taking the general
standard Of living into consideration.
the JAPANESE farmer islasswells OF and
scontented as his confreres In most
other countries and better OF than in
some.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1909-08-06

The turbine marvel must share the
distinction beats its.own record with
the aeropiane for awhile. sa5.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1909-08-06
Minor Heir Defeats Dan Patch.

Before the largest crowd ever as
sembled in North Dakota, Minor Heir.
1:59h, beat Dan Patch, 1855, at Grand
Forks. The race was paced ove the
lalf-mile track of the North Dakota
state fair. The course was heavy.
and a terrific wind was blowing.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1909-08-06
pisa.sa Ii Fruit Trsss.

49, .tt 0sOOA0V ~ raE7IRF
Not long ago the Maine experiment
station, purchased sixty apple trees
from a leading New York nurseryman.
The package In which they were ship
ped bore a tag stating that the orchard
from which they came had been off,
cially inspected and found free from
disease. Three ont Of the sixty trees,
or S per cent Of the shipment. had
well developed crown gals upon them.
This experience indicates that every
orchardist should very carefully In
sspect MI stock. All trees showing
evidence Of crown gall should be Ell
ther returned to the shipper or burned
and future orders placed with nurs-
erymen who can and will furnish
trees free from disease. Under no
conditions should trees be planted
which show ,growths of this kind.
Crown gall also affects peaches, plums
and pears. 4.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1909-08-06

ed as a fair amount for planting
I'm rows aud one. and one-half for
broadcast drilling. When planted. in
rows. as will be most satisfactory In
the north. one deep cultivation il CIV
en-, the same as for corn. and after
ward shallow culture and plenty Of It.
Harvesting the crop is comparatively
easy. It can be easily cut with q now
er. Il Is well to cut early. white the
vines are very green. so US to avoid
sbattering the leaves and the beans
from their pods. Trials have been
made of cutting the soy bean vines
with both corn and wheat harvesters.
but this has not proved satisfactory.
The vines are hard to cut In the ordi-
nary way. In the south, and especially
during wet seasons, It has been neces.
sary to use one Of the frames shown in
the Illustrations. These hollow frames
Of poles or boards are set up as shown.
and the soy bean vines piled around
them. This permits a circulation Of
air Under and through the pile and
helps greatly in drying out the vines.
New-York tribune., 1909-09-05

Experts, however, We're called in and a scientific
study OF the situation made with the final vim
uicaton OF the Judgment OF the apparently rash
hean growers The land carefully selected small
plots are set aside for study and from the results
observed the bean growers are guided in their ex-
tenSlve paintings.
he San Joaquin ranch comprises one hundred and
eIght thousand acres. This spring an additional
twenty thousand acres were turned over 10 bean
SroWng In spite OF the large crops obtained the
rand Is IN 4 taIr way to increase its outnut
Lima and black eyes are the species grown
Sacked they are sold on the ground at four to tive
cents pound There eighty pounds TO the sack,
ana about ten and half sacks to the acre
he principal crop of Southern California hitherto
mas "eeh barley Even with bumper crop the
oeS' orange county could do in the way of financial
receipts was about half a million dollars
Us a byproduct, the vines have twofold value;
cy may DE used as food for cattle or m ~ be
tuIheu 10 the soil IN the form of fertilizer
New-York tribune., 1909-09-05
FORIU MES IN BEANS

REANS are making men rich in Southern Ca,;for
- ma he crop OF one county alone Orange thnI,,
year sofa tor eight hundred and forty thousand
inns from twenty thousand acres making an a,.r.
oSSrecelpt OF torty-two dollars acre Fiteenth
''l "l tneSe acres are all IN single field ON the frn
otl Joaquin ranch These huge fields in summer ~
stitute a magnificent sight Almost from the ,yatarsf
llle acme To the purple hued mountains lies a ,.t
area oi green, cut INTO great squares hv interse,,
and threShers III their season ~ "'S'oilS
"lth the exception of Ventura County which h.
oeen eL&ed IN the industry since the old dorl "f
dustry IN Southern California Three nr - NC" IN
ago the returns from gram growing and other os
eraI farming III which the cultvators of IN sen
were engaged was diminished in an alar, eSio'i
The soil IS fertile; hut there is little ra;nfIi,
~ hISt bean planting seemed destined To- ha o. fo,
ure. Merchants IN neighboring towns - a." i'n
Oessed 'he eNpermenters to return to the old rrors
New-York tribune., 1909-09-05

threw you oot OF the hay early in the morning ~
see here shorty says he, I've been thinking
over that little encounter had with the young
women out at the gate
"I-cc5, says |. Hope YOU enjoy rec.,in
scenes Ike that
You think acted Ike Il cad, SUPPOSE " he goes
ON. 4 don't give "a hang if YOU do, Perhaps She
thinks the same Of me. too: Well what's that to
me-
Is this a monologuc" says l. or do you think
you holiin a de5atc' Go back to bed
No, want 70 thre7h this thing now Shorty"
says he Perhaps | little harsh with her.
And suppose shouldn't have called the boy trash.
IN no chld hater. YOU know. | like kids we'll
enough The young woman behaved we'll too.
Well"
Why. suppose ought to square myself some
way hadn't - says he, " But m not going to be-
anyone pardon
Course not, says l. You wouldn't be Duke
Pollard. il YOU did.
He bites his ip at that jab; but manages to hold
his temper
That all right says he; hut wait I've been