davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Holbrook news., 1909-06-18
Death Has a Recent Harvest of Four People of International
 Prominence.
EACH WAS GREAT IN HIS LINE
Modjeska, Crawford, Hitchcock and Swinburne Had Carved Their
 Names in Halls of Fame.

An actress, a statesman, 6 novelist and a poet, each standing In the fore most ranks or those in his particular line, have been called from the vari- ous scenes of their brilliant earthly careers within a snort period recently. Each was known and admired interna- tionally and their deaths, all within three days, deprive the world of fur ther great works which it had every right to expect from such fruitful lives.
 A Great Tragedienne.
 The death of Helena Modjeska closes the career of one of the most remark able women ever seen on an American stage. As a tragedienne none of her
The Holbrook news., 1909-06-18
THE BEES STING.
An Ugly Weapon Something Like .
 Three Bladed Sword.

An Ugly Weapon Something Like .
 Three Bladed Sword.
 The bees sting is made up of three edge and each capable of being thrust forward independently of the others.
 The central and broader lance has a hollow face, furnished at each side with a rail or beading, which runs its whole length. On the back of each of the other two lances there is longi- tudinal groove, and into these grooves nt the raised headings of the central ancet.
 Thus the sting is like a sword with three blades-united, but sliding upon one another-the barbed points uf into the wound, going ever deeper and deeper of their own malice afore- thought after the initial thrust is made. It is a device of war com pared to which the explosive bullet is but clumsy brutality. Yet this Is not all.
 To make its death-dealing powers doubly sure this thorough-minded ama- Eon must fill the haft of her triple blade with a subtle poison and so con. trive Its sliding mechanism that the same impulse which drives the points successively forward trenches the whole weapon with a fatal juice.-- From 'sThe Lore of the Honey Bee,~ by Tickner Edwardes.
The Holbrook news., 1909-06-18

Don't kick man to-day because he is down. You may be down tomorrow.
The Holbrook news., 1909-06-18
WHERE TO BUILD.

Rocky Site No Longer Advised-
 Gravel Said to Be the Ideal Soil.
 Strange as 1t may seem, after 2.OOt years of talk and song about the ad- vantages of founding ones house upon a rock, one of the very things that modern builders tell us to avoid in se- lecting a site is rock. That is princi- pally because of the great cost of exca- yating cellar in rocky soil.
 Another objection to rocky soil is that water will not soak through rock and so runs down it. Some of this water would be almost certain to seep through the cellar walls, making the cellar damp; or it might undermine the foundations.
 Again rUck often contains springs. If . spring were opened during blasting 1t would mean either that the water would have to flow through the cellar or be defiected-a costly operation. A house built upon a rock also vibrates during thunder storms.
 Clay is perhaps more to he avoided than rock, says the Circle. Clay col lects water and spreads under pressure. It expands in wet or frosty weather Gnd contracts in summer. Frozen clay Flings to brick or stone and often causes dislocation of cellar walls and piers.
 Also 1t Is impervious to water. Thus an underground layer of clay will pre- vent the proper drainage of rain water and leave the soil foul and sodden. Finally, it is exeremely costly to exca- vate. Undesirable for building pur- poses also are made land, sand and silt. Made land is not always stable.
 Gravel Is the ideal soil for building purposes. It is porous and drains per fectly. At the same time it is sufi- ciently stable to support foundations A gravelly elevation is the ideal build ing site.
 DepressiOns or levels between rocks are likely to retain water, even though the depression is slight and the elev;s- tions distant. The ground water thus retained stands at a level Small gravelly elevations form islands. as it were, in a subterranean lake, and upon them houses may be built with perfect safety. The cellar floor will be abo,s the ground water level and no rain water will drain into the cellar.
The Holbrook news., 1909-06-18
Selling sma1I Change.

Every business day afternoon in New York City short, stocky man with a wooden box under each arm rushes up and down Park row into saloons, nick olodeons, cigar stores and restaurants. where small change is needed. He Is known as the Park Row Change Man" and carries from S1O0 to S200 in small change on each trip he makes.
 This money is arranged in rouleaus, ,r rolls. stamped and sealed, in amounts varying from S1 to S1O. and made up of pennies. nickels, dimes quarters and half dollars. These he sells at an average profit of five cents roll, shopkeepers being glad to pay this for the accommodation. The Park TOW dispenser of lubricants, food, ci- gars and other Lecessary things is al. ways ready to take all the change he can get.
 'SThe Change Man of the Row" has two assistants who gather all the smal. coin they get from the circulation roonIs of the big newspaper offices, sub way and elevated stations, and "The Firm of Change Artists" handles hun dreds of dollars day from which they derive a tidy weekly income.
 This is only one of the petty paying industries of the row that few of tho hundreds of thousands of persons whc pass up snd down Park row day in and day out l-now anything about
The Holbrook news., 1909-06-18
A..aniss the Responsibility.

Mrs. Maiohs's patience was much tried by q servant who had habit of standing around with her mouth open. One day, as the maid waited upon the table, her mouth was open, as usual, and her mistress. giving her a severe look, said:
 Mary, your mouth is open"
 "Yessum," replied Mary, "I opened it."-Success Magazine
The Holbrook news., 1909-06-18

Ethan Allen of the Revolution. His death came April 9 at the age of II. In 1897 he was appointed by President Mckinley as envoy extraordinary and minister pIenipotentiary to Russia
 and the following year the post WIS raised to an embassy. In 1898 he was called home to become Secretary of the Interior. 6 place which he kept under
The Holbrook news., 1909-06-18

President Roosevelt. He served until March 1, 1907. when he resigned tc return to private life.
 Secretary Hitchcock was a foe to land frauds and the most prominent of his reforms was the determined effort
The Holbrook news., 1909-06-18
Cruel Suspicion. .

"3ligglns is a great reader. He in variably buys a newspaper before ge% ting on street car"
 'I have noticed the paper" answer. ed Miss Cayenne. But I am not so sure he reads it Maybe he holds 1t up because he's too polite to see a lady standing g.'-Washington Star.
The Holbrook news., 1909-06-18

contemporaries was her superior, and but few if any her equal. Her life was a romantic one. She was first mar ried to Gustav Modzejewski, by whom she had one son, Ralph. Her second marriage was with Count Bozenta in 1868. Tfie count was exiled from Po- land, in 1876, for his political writings and his wife was forbidden to appear on the Polish stage The couple came to this country and were naturalized, the countess taking as her stage name a modified form of the name of her first husband. Her debut in this coun- try was made in San Francisco in ,ST7.
 In happy contradiction ot the fate If many great artists she did not die poor. She earned during her stage ca reer a million dollars, but gave to char ity with an open hand. She founded an industrial school for girls in Cra- COW, Poland, and her generosity ac- counted for the disposal of the larger part of her earnings. She left an es- tate amounting to about S1200O0.
 In spite of the decree of exile pro- nounced against her husband. and de spite the decree. issued after she had delivered an address at the Worlds Fair in Chicago on Russian-Polish pol itics, barring her from all Russian pos sessions, 1t is her husbands intention to take the body back to her native town of Cracow for burial.
 An American Statesman.
 The death of Ethan Allen Hitchcock, Secretary of the Interior under Presi- dents Mckinley and Roosevelt, re moved a statesman whose record for honesty and whose high sense of duty were recognized by his country. Mir Hitchcock was the grandson of General
The Holbrook news., 1909-06-18

You doubtless abuse the Cubans a good deal for not being capable of elf government Do YOU govern your pelf very wellf
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-09-24
CACTUS MAKES GOOD FEED.
Great objection is That spines Are
So Numerous and Sharp That Live
Stock Cannot Eat Them.

For many years it has been known
that the prickly pear, or spiney a C
tus, was a good feed for cattle, and
other live stock, in arid regions, when
other feed gave out. But the objec-
ton to the cactus is that the spines
are SO numerous and sharp that live
stock cannot eat them with the spines
left on. A spineless cactus has been
developed, but it will not thrive on
large areas of the desert, range re-
gions, hence it is practically useless
for the purpose for which it was in
tended.
The spiney cactus grows on wide
areas of the arid regions in abundance
simply because it can hold it's own on
account of its thorny defense. These
cacti can be used for live stock feed
and are excellent in times of drought,
because of their high water content.
But to prepare them for feeding, the
splnes must be removed, which is
done by burning. Two methods are
in use. One is to hold the cacti over
a brush fire till the spines are singed
off, and the other is to do the SINCE
ing with a gasoline torch, such as tin
smiths and plumbers use. This is a
slow way of preparing feed for "a
large number of animals, yet it is an
effective way Of keeping them alive
when water and grass fail in the desert
regions of the west.
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-09-24
TOOLS USED in CULTIVATION.
Employed Vary Somewhat
According to the Crop and Its
Stage Of Growth.

The implements employed in cult
walton will vary somewhat with the
crop and with it's stage of growth.
Village of ground before the crop is
up and when the plants are very
small, especially listed crops, should
be with the spike-tooth harrow with
the teeth set at considerable slant.
Weeds are most easily DESTROYED
when they are coming up. The har.
row Is very useful for this purpose
and at the same time it produces the
soil mulch, A distinct advantage in
the use of the harrow is the rapidity
with which the ground may be gone
over. The spike-tooth harrow, or the
disk harrow followed by the spike
tooth harrow, should also be used in
summer culture intended to conserve
moisture for a future crop. When the
plants are too large to be cultivated
with the harrow, any Of the modern
double c%ultivators will do good work
in c%ultivating corn and similar crops;
but when. equipped with gangs Of three
or five narrow shovels that throw the
soil but little, they are still more eff
Gent for surface cultivation, unless the
ground has become weedy from inabil-
ity to cultivate it because of the wet
weather. Bladelike shovels that run
nearly horizontal and cut off this lay
er Of soil are effective unless there
be too much trash. These blades can
be SO adjusted that the soil will pass
over them, forming a loose layer,
which on drying will protect the moist
soil below.
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-09-24
PROTECT THE BIRDS.

William butcher, president Of the
American Audubon society. estimates
that birds save American farmers al
nually 5000, 000, 900 in the destruction
of harmful insects and noxious weeds.
He further computes that the savings
would amount to $%3S,000,000 more If
that old harridan of a tyrant, Fashion.
did not decree that milliners shall or
nament women's hats with the plum
age Of many of the most valuable of
the feathered tribe. Scientists have
estimated that human life on our plan
ct long since would have been extinct
as a consequence of the destruction of
vegetable life If birds had not come to
the rescue and made perpetual and re-
lentless war on insect life. says the
Cincinnati Enquirer. In this good year
1909 the joint worm is playing havoc
with the wheat crop of central Ohio.
and that could not have been IL The
men and boys Of Ohio had not levied
constant war on the farmers best
friends, the birds of the field, the or
chard and the forest. Every bluebird
is annually worth to the farmer triple
its weight in silver, and every wren is
annually worth to the gardener it's
weight in gold. The %sapsucker is IN
valuable to the fruit grower, and the
woodpecker does yeoman service in
the cause of a rich harvest.
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-09-24
RAPID GROWTH OF TOMATOES.
Irrigation Causes Plant to Flourish
and Preparation Should Be Made
for Care of Ripe Fruit.

The tomato grows rapidly under ir.
rigation and it will not be long before
the truckers must prepare to handle
the ripe fruit, says Denver Field and
Farm. The first thing to be procured
is the packages. Small baskets are
sometimes used for early fancy stock,
but for general use the larger basket
and the ~four-basket crate is the thing
demanded by the market. Twelve
large fancy tomatoes will fill one of
these baskets and it is a good rule
not to sell for fancy stock unless they
come up to this standard. The crates
should be neatly made of good stock
and put together in a w~orkmanlike
manner. Misdriven nails, rough ends,
and untidy appearance lessen the mar
ket value of the goods, no matter how
excellent the fruit. The first fruit to
show signs of ~ripening requires COM
p~aratively longer to complete the
process than later in the season. For
this reason they should be allowed to
take a good deal of color before being
gathered. For distant shipping the
later ones may be picked as soon as
pink at the blossom ends, for they
ripen while en- route and will be in
good condition when they arrive at
market. The field should be picked
daily and care should be exercised to
get all at the proper degree of ripe
ness and O n too ripe. 1t is best to
remove the stems as soon as the fruit
is picked.
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-09-24
ORCHARD SUGGESTIONS.

Young apple trees may be protected
against the ravages of destructive an.
imal pests by wire netting.
In the warmer climates every one
who wishes a beautiful shade tree
should plant the pecan. 1t will not
only give delightful shade, but the de.
licious nuts raised may easily be
made a source of profit.
Cultivate COW peas and red clover
in your young orchard. This will ben
eft the trees and at the same time
give you an income.
Cultivate around your trees with a
hoe several times during the year
and keep a mulch of grass over the
cultivated space.
When trees commence to bear use
a fertilizer rich in potash. Wood
ashes can be used to advantage at
that time.
The value of the fruit crop in Wash.
ington, Oregon and Idaho last year
was almost $4,000 ,OOO.
If spraying is done late and the
fruit has formed, never use paris
green in the spray.
White Eellebore is a substitute for
paris green. 1t may be applied to the
bushes dry, mixed with three times
its weight of flour.
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-09-24
Improbable Weeds.

Most farmers know that 1t is not
profitable to raise weeds. It is UNI
derstood that they take food that be.
longs to other plants, use as much wa
ter and, in many instances, shade the
plants. There is an attempt being
made by the department of agricul-
ture to prove whether weeds are poi
sonous to cultivated plants or not. So
far as the department has gone, the
results indicate that some weeds are
poisonousl and may work more in
jury to crops by poisoning than by alb
sorbing moisture and fertility from
them.
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-09-24
roo MUCH WATER
excessive Rains Will Surely De-
crease Small Grain Crops.
farmer Must Learn to Save the Rain
Waters by Narrowing, or Some
Other Method to Prevent
Enumeration.

While we abhor a pessimist and do
not wish to appear as n we believe
in locking the stable door before
the horse is stolen and not after.
The excessive rains so common in
early June have resulted in packing the
surface of all small grain fields which
will surely cause a decrease in the
done as o o as the surface is sufi-
GENTLY dry to prevent the soil from
sticking to the harrow.
While passing through Minnesota
and North Dakota recently we were
strongly impressed with the import
ance of this work and believe the
yield of the average field could have
been increased from 90 per cent. to
40 per cent. providing the season is
normal, but should a dry season fol
low the difference would be greater,
says CampbelIs Scientific Farmer.
One thing the farmer must learn
and that is to say the rain waters
when they come by narrowing, disk
ing, or some manner of cultivation to
stop evaporation and hold the water
in the soil, not simply to mature the
crop, but that he may have an ample
supply in reserve for the next years
crop.
In an early number We will discuss
fully the many advantages of holding
water in the soil the entire year
through. and the numerous ways in
which this makes it possible to not
only increase the yield but to prevent
too low yields.
Water in the soil is not alone valu-
able for it's direct use by the plant
but it is one Of the direct causes of
increasing available fertility as well
as aiding or making it possible to
secure that ideal physical condition
of the soil necessary for large yields
of grain in n and all
There is no one thing in corn grow
ing that is mor vital to the success
of the corn crop each and every year
than its cultivation. until the crop is
made. 1t is not only to make this
years crop yield more bushels but to
" H'cio ouoiViS Z hSAI yS"A D Siop.
Again let lis urge the point of never
allowing the soil to become dry, try
a few rows and see the wonderful
effect. A one-horse cultivator that
cu!tiyates all the space between two
rows gets over the field Just as fast
as the two-horse one-row machine.
Again let us urge the use of the
disk harrow after the harvester, dou-
BILE disk, IL possible, the same time
you harvest, if not the same day do it
as quickly as possible after; it means
more bushels next year.
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-09-24
Moisture Conservation.

While the conservation of the mois.
ture is an important factor it is by
no means all. 1t is only one of many
vital things to be carefully consid.
cred If we are to reach the high limit
of yield in all fields that now seems
possible.
While we do not wish to convey
the idea that system is so elabor,
ate and full of details that the aver.
age farmer cannot grasp it in its en-.
tirety, for it is not, says Campbell's
Scientific Farmer. Yet there are so
many details, every one of which
must be fully understood, that it is
entirely out of the question to cover
the field as we now understand 1t in
so short space. We can only deal
with the main or fundamental princi.
pies.
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-09-24
Intensive Agriculture.

Intensive agriculture always follows
in the wake of scientific methods,
which involve more thorough t,llage.
Every inch of ground is employed to
best advantage, SO that a ten acre
farm will often yield as much as SO
acres did before, and with less eff
fort. Irrigation has intensified farm
ing tremendously. 1t has ushered in
the era OF, small farms-closer neigh
bors ~ rural society = and better
homes. 1t eliminates chance in 'agri.
culture. While rainfall is uncertain
irrigation applies water to each crop
exactly when it is needed-to produce
best results. 1t is a scientific opera
ton. But the value Of irrigation is
not fully understood until we consider
the tremendous acreage and fertility
of arid soil-needing but the magic
touch of water to bring forth Law.
ishly.
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-09-24
HARMFUL BROWN TAIL MOTH
In Addition to Injury It Does to the
Trees it Carries Disease
Germs. ..

There is but one generation of the
brown-tail moth annually in New
England. The insect winters as a
tiny larva or caterpillar within a
web or nest made of silk and leaves
woven together tightly. The nests
will vary in size usually from three
TO four inches in length and will con
tain 200 or more caterpillars.
These nests are securely attached
to the tips of trees or plants on which
the caterpillars were working before
Information.
In early spring, as soon as the buds
of fruit and shade trees appear, ac-
cording to Howard, these one-fourth
grown caterpillars emerge from their
winter quarters and Immediately com
mence feeding upon the buds and
blossoms and later the foliage. The
young caterpillar is Of a blackish
color and covered with very small
hairs. The %full-grown larva is about
two inches long, reddish brown in
color, with a broken white stripe on
each side and two red dots in the
back near the hind end. The body
is covered with numerous tubercles
bearing long barbed hairs. The tuber'
cles along the back and sides of the
abdomen are thickly covered with
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-09-24
ORCHARD NOTES.

s Keep the tree, like the animal, that
proves itself.
1t is said that alfalfa is injurious
as an orchard sown crop.
If you plant your young orchard in
garden crops, ETC., don't fail to fer.
tilize them.
What's the use ,of buying trees II
you are, going to allow the horses and
COWS to destroy them?
Barnyard manure, cotton seed meal
and acid phosphates are excellent fer
tilizers for Irish. potatoes.
It is said that ucces with apples
in ATTITUDES below Red river is a mat.
ter OF variety, soil moisture and plant
food only.
It requires some ingenuity to bring
tender, young plants through their
first three weeks of existence when
the sun is hitting them at about 100
degrees-but It pays.