davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Tupelo journal., 1909-08-27

From the case he drew the bow and ran the
hair several times across the cake OF rosin.
Then. striking A on a nearby piano, he pro-
ceeded to tune the instrument which for so
many years had been held in such light es-
TEEN by it's owner.
ut is a genuine old Italian instrument, and
I'll give you $1,000 for it," the professor said.
The business man gasped.
I'll tell you frankly it is worth more than
that, but that is all l can afford to pay" the
professor continued.
Il can't think of selling it" the business
man replied, with a halt in his speech. "You
see it can to me from my father. 1t is an
heirloom. / thank you, however, for the test
you have made and the good opinion you have
expressed"
The two men started way from the home
of the professor, the business man carrying
the violin.
LET me take it." his musical friend said.
"You may meet some one you know"
"I1l carry it," the business man retorted.
II don't care how many friends meet. And,
besides, you might drop it"
The Tupelo journal., 1909-08-27
>RII1QUAkES
Rock T11EW0RLD

The speed Of transmission varies from 200
or 800 feet per second in loose, soft earth to
more than 10 times that velocity In solid rock.
ent places as to the character of the strata.
AS the waves approach the surface they en-
counter areas of solid, highly elastic rock;
then possibly they pass into regions of soft,
incoherent sand and clay and weathered
shales. The vibrations are consequently much
changed as to their character and a new set
of motions set up, differing considerably from
the original waves.
A third class of waves differing In nature
The Tupelo journal., 1909-08-27
MHAT EARTHQUAKE MEAM61

fers to call them, earth pulsations. lneii
cause is obscure and earthquake speciaiseS
are divided as to whether they owe theii VI
igin to a fitting up and down OF the sualA =
the earth's crust or whether they are uue ~
a cause different from fitting and as yet un-
known. These surface waves are quite I'LL
ferent from the other waves that nave Deen
described in several respects. First, they are
of extremely long periods, sometimes exceed
ing two minutes in length, while an ordinary
wave is very much shorter. Second, they are
long distance waves and are not the results
of earthquakes three or four thousand mics
away, as earthquakes violent enough 70 pro-
duce these effects at that distance must be, as
Major Dutton points out, necessarily OF great
power and could not escape notice and world
wide celebrity unless occurring in localltles
very far from human observation, or perhaps
in the depths of mid-ocean."
In regard to earthquakes occurring under
the sea little is known, especially as to the
record of changes made in the topography OF
the sea bottom. In some cases, however, IN
formation has been obtained particularly with
reference to some of the earthquakes on the
coast Of Greece. A number Of cables had
been broken in that vicinity and soundings
taken when they were mended revealed some
startling facts. In one case, according to Sails
bury, where soundings were taken from the
bow and stern of the ship which repaired the
cable, there was a difference of more than
1900 feet in the depth of water at the two
ends Of the ship. When the cable was laid a
few years before the bottom was practically
1ovo1 MkM8
The Tupelo journal., 1909-08-27

Now what has all this to do with earth
quake waves? Very much. The same kind OF
waves as have been described as ripping the
surface of a pond or scurrying across a field
of grain are the waves that move through the
earth when a shock, whatever be its origin,
calls them into being.
Suppose we imagine a heavy charge of
dynamite exploded somewhere down in the
earth. The earth in the immediate neighbor-
hood of the explosion will first be compressed,
even as the water particles next to the stone
thrown into the pool were pushed nearer to-
gether. Then the elasticity of the earth ex-
erts itself and it Immediately rebounds, Just
The Tupelo journal., 1909-08-27
II OLD VIOLIN

Money talks just as loudly in the
realm of music as anywhere else.
The despised violin which merely is
an incumbrance when it is thought
to be worth not more than $40 be-
comes the chief ornament of the
household when an expert says it is
worth not less than $1,000. In Chi.
cago there is a business man who
owns a violin. He inherited it from
his father, who vas a musician. The
business man does not play. One
of his friends is a lover of violin mu.
sic. That friend often had told the
business man the violin was a good
n and that he ought to treasure it.
The business man regarded the adj
vice as that of an enthusiast. One
day the argument became so warm
the friend insisted that the question
be settled at once by carrying the
instrument to a professor of music
who is admittedly an authority on
violins.
"Why, l wouldn't carry that violin
The Tupelo journal., 1909-08-27

Prof. Parrando examined these re-
mains and found them to be those Of
a man about so, a oma and a child
Of about. six, judging by the size Of
the skeleton. The mans hobnailed
shoes and wollen stockings and
pieces of the woman's dress showed
that they belonged to the working
class. The remains were past identi-
1cation, but the authors of the report
believe that it can be safely assumed
that the victims were swept into the
sea and devoured alivdAby the mon
ster. The Carcharodon carcharias, the
The Tupelo journal., 1909-08-27

The form of wave observed in such a neld as
has been described is known as a Longitudinal
or normal wave and is the kind OF wave III
which sound travels.
In both kinds of waves, transverse and
longitudinal, we observe that the motion OF
the particles is pendulum-like in its charac-
ter. Let us consider what we may learn from
the observation of an ordinary pendulum IN
vibration. Suppose re suspend a weight by
means of a string and start it to swaylng TO
and fro. The distance covered in a complete
swing is termed, as given above, the ampll-
tude of vibration; the time required for a
complete swing back and forth is called the
wave period. If we cause the pendulum TO
swing to and fro through a greater arc we
observe that the time or period is just the
same as before; in other words, the amplitude
or width of swing may be increased or de-
creased. but the time or period required for
each vibration is always the same for any
given length. If we shorten the pendulum
we find it will vibrate much faster. II we
lengthen it it will vibrate much slower: Pen
dulnms of different lengths, then, have differ
ent times of vibration.
Now suppose we combine two pendulums
of different lengths into one. Each of the
conponent pendulums will strive to do just
what if was doing before and the resulting
motion. as shown in figure l, which represents
a double pendulum, will be quite curious. In
stead of swaying soberly back and forth, as
every wellregulated pendulum is supposed to
do. it takes on a curious, Keeling motion. Ii
we fill the funnel shown in the illustration
with fine sand the sand will be deposited in
a beautiful curve not unlike the figure . in
general appearance, although the form of the
curve depends upon the ratios existing be-
tween the lengths of the component pendu-
Inns. A similar effect is produced when two
tuning forks of different rates OF vibration
are caused to reflect their wave forms by
little mirrors attached to the ends of the forks
into one image on a screen.
The Tupelo journal., 1909-08-27

report goes on, is rarely een in the
Mediterranean and few museums have
specimens Of him, but Prof. Fernando
recalls how at the battle of Aboukir,
where Nelson defeated the French
feet, swarms OF these creatures sur
rounded the ships waiting for their
prey. Prof. Fernando comments on
the slowness OF the process Of assimi-
lation in the Ease Of the Carcharodon
carcharias. "A month after being swal-
lowed the human organs still resisted
dissolution BY the action Of the
sharks digestive fluids.
The Tupelo journal., 1909-08-27


back again until the whole surface
of the pool is shivering with a oeir
cate, tremulous motion, very colhpieA
in it's character. In a water wave INC
particle of water moves up ana GOWN
at right angles to the general uireo-
ton in which the wave is moving. "a
piece of wood floating on the pohu
will be raised and lowered, but not
moved to any extent from us posf
ton relative to the sides of the pond.
In other words, there is no actuai
transfer or movement of any partlcle
of water from where the stone us
turbed the surface of the pool TO the
shore, although it looks that way TO
the ordinary observer, so deceptive
is the motion. This kind of a wave,
at right angles t. the line of direction
in which the wave is moving, is
known as a transverse wave n Is
the kind of wave in which light traV-
els from the sun to the earth.
Another kind of wave may be OBJ
served when a gentle wind passes
over a field of grain in fruit. AS the
breeze progresses the heads of grain
gracefully nod and sway, first in the
direction in which the wind is NOV
ing and then in the opposite direc-
ton. This is done so regularly and
harmonically that the disturbance
may readily be seen travelling rhyth-
mically across the field. 1t is very
evident, even to the most careless
observer, that no head of grain trav-
els more than a few inches back and
The Tupelo journal., 1909-08-27
Platform for Driving Posts

Build a platform of the kind indi-
Gated in the drawing and attach a pair
of wheels. Old wagon wheels made
of boards will suffice. They should be
not less than IL inches in diameter.
The dimension of the other parts
should be: Length of platform, three
to four feet; width of platform, two
and a half to three feet; height, thir-
ty to forty inches. A board nailed
across the handles will render it easy
for the worker to ascend and descend.
The Tupelo journal., 1909-08-27
Don't Mix Dairy Herd.

1t is not wise to mix breeds in the
dairy herd. That is, we do not deem
1t wisdom to have the herd composed
of Jerseys and Holsteins or of Jer-
seys and Shorthorns for the reason
that no two breeds require the some
treatment to get the most satisfactory
results at the milk pail. Select your
breed and stick to 1t. You can't make
q mistake in selecting either Hol-
stems. Jerseys, Guernseys o. Ayr
shires.
The Tupelo journal., 1909-08-27
FENCE POST OF CONCRETE
Illustration and Directions Glowing
How One May Be Made Sub
stantiaIly and CheapIy.

Every practical farmer knows the
value of a good concrete fence post,
says a writer in Rural New Yorker.
AS shown by the accompanying dia-
gram / would bevel the seats of the
post so as to take the strain off the
bolt, which is the weak point in the
concrete, then ! would give the post
two seats instead Of one, making the
Joint somewhat like a ship lap or ship
splice in a timber. The outer edge
The Tupelo journal., 1909-08-27
Made a Feast for Sharks

that a few weeks after the great earth
quake some fishermen off the Sicilian
coast were catching a big porpoise
when the animal was torn from their
grasp by theN biggest shark they had
ever seen. After q sever struggle
the monster was h~arpooned and
dragged into Catania harbor. It
proved to be a ~so-called Carcharodon
~carcharias and the fishermen e
Mortified at finding in the creatures
stomach a quantity of human remains.
The Tupelo journal., 1909-08-27

~ TO the waves that pass over the field of
grain and are longitudinal or normal waves,
moving backward and forward in the direc-
ton of the wave motion, even as the spokes
OF a wheel radiate from the hub and the radii
Oh a circle originate at the center.
But this explosion of dynamite would not
only set these normal waves in motion, but
would give rise to another set known as trans
verse waves, corresponding to the motion
SHOWN to exist in water waves. 1t is very easy
to see how the normal waves originate, but 1t
requires some little effort to understand how
the other kind is started. When the dyna-
mite explodes it imparts a peculiar, twisting
motion to the entire rock face of the cavern
in which the dynamite was exploded. This
twisting motion is the parent of the trans
verse waves and they start on their way to-
gether with the normal waves.
The two kinds of waves, normal and trans
verse, start out on their errands of destruc-
ton together and are generally present iE
earthquakes. Sometimes, however, they sepa-
rate and travel in different directions, or one
of them loses it's energy through some varia-
ton in the nature of the strata, or from
gether these waves correspond in their effect
to that shown when two pendulums are acting
as one, as in the sand pendulum referred to
before. This explains the fact that usually
there is a verticose or twisting motion present
in most earthquakes; but sometimes, as when
the waves separate, only an up-and-down mo-
ton, or a twisting motion alone. Normal
waves travel faster than the transverse.
The Tupelo journal., 1909-08-27
unfcrtunates Swept into Ocean at De
struction of Messina Were De-
voured.

How m~an-eating sharks added to the
horrors of the Messina catastrophe is
fold in a scientific report which has
inst been published by the Italian 20
~ological society. The report, which
has been submitted by Profs. Condo
relli and Fernando Of Catania, says
The Tupelo journal., 1909-08-27
Both Pleased.

Swift-Jones and his wife seem to
be very fond Of musical comedy.
Smith-Yes, indeed; his wife goes
to see what the women in the audi
ence have on and Jones goes to see
what the girls on the stage have Oh.
Troy Budget.
The Tupelo journal., 1909-08-27
USEFUL FOR DRIVING POSTS
Portable Staging That Is Light
Enough to Be Pushed About
the Farm by Hand.

1t is not always convenient to use
a wagon drawn by horses as a plat
form for driving posts.
The Tupelo journal., 1909-08-27
Feed for the Horse.

IN Holland horses are fed the follow.
Ing daily ration with great success
Oats, 10 pounds; hay, &C pounds;
straw. SS pounds.
The Tupelo journal., 1909-08-27
Literal.

Are you going to take the late
train to Chicago?"
mo: the engineer of the train \
going to do that
The Tupelo journal., 1909-08-27

are responsible for the mischief in
the great shocks. They tilt build
ings, overthrow walls, upset chin
neys, twist a tracks, swing and
snap off immense trees and telegraph
poles, make great cracks in the
ground and are the prolific cause Of
\ sreat landslips where the conditions
are favorable.
The Tupelo journal., 1909-08-27

D UNDERSTAND how an earth
quake sends it's quiverings ana
pulsations through the earth II
will be helpful to review in a
simple way our knowledge OF
waves and wave motion. All writ
ers on earthquakes, both ancient
and modern, beginning with Tha-
les and ending with Milne, agree
that there are waves of long peri
DDS and waves of short periods
a period being the time required
The Tupelo journal., 1909-08-27

There is still a fourth class of waves, much
more terrifying and spectacular in their ct.
fects. These waves seem to have no relation
to the elasticity of the rocks and occur di.
rectly above the earthquake centrum, or cpl.
focal district. Their lengths are small; they
have very large amplitude of vibration and
are too slow to be due to elasticity. In length
they vary from 30 to 100 feet and in height
from two inches to one foot. These waves
are probably due to reflection or refraction
from the deeper transverse waves when these
latter waves pass from a highly elastic to a
slightly elastic medium, and are the most de.
structiye known. These are the waves which
The Tupelo journal., 1909-08-27
SAND PENDULUM NOTE THE 8-SHAPED
HC4i0M OF D0U6ZE PEHDUI IN

forward. but that the impulse travels successfully
from head to head. This is an excellent llustra-
ton of how a wave progresses. The wave itself IS
immaterial, a pulsation, although it travels by
means of material substances. The amplitude, as
it is termed, of a wave is the width of the swing
of the swaying heads of grain forward or backward,
or the vertical distance from the highest part OF
the water wave to the lowest depth of the trough.
The Tupelo journal., 1909-08-27

Tor each complete Vibration.
Everybody is familiar with what happens
when a stone is dropped into a quiet pooi ol
water. From the center of disturbance 'heie
radiates in every direction little cleses u
troupbs in overwhelming circles. These circles
gradually diminish in height as their distance
from the center increases and finally die away.
LIE thor mnot u rofectinp surface they are SEM
The Tupelo journal., 1909-08-27

as the water par
ticles did. A sue
cession of waves
of alternate COM
preston and ex-
pansion t h e n
passes through
the strata. These
correspond exact
The Tupelo journal., 1909-08-27
PROJECTION SHONIWG CENTRUM
THEORY or EARTHQUAKE ORIGIN
A. CENTRUM e ERCEN7ER

through the street for anything, the business man
said. my friends would think l had gone music
mad in my old age"
'In carry it," his friend said quickly. I'm not
ashamed to carry a violin anywhere. Come along.
They went. The professor was at home. The
back and belly, the neck and the bridge, the tall
piece and the sounding post all passed beneath his
critical eye. at looks all right" the professor said.
The Tupelo journal., 1909-08-27

from both the
normal a n q
t r a n S v erSe
W a e s has
been observed.
T h e y a g
known as sur
face waves, or,
as Milne pre-
BoletiÌn mercantil de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 18??-1918, 1909-06-03
7pnIh'orpS dp t.pnr1 eO Chile
Y Ell PERU
Y EL. PERU

Noficlas cabE+uraficaS de Chibc " esE
PERI nos han comunicado los f,rertess
icnbIoret de terra que han ocurrbfa
en sssoe paises dtlrante los ultsmua
dias. 1ros eentros prneip&Ics de estQs
seJsmicos fueron las provincias de Tae-~
ma AREA. sintiendoee cn to<la la pso-
vineia de Taraasaca
LAS regnncs inmesidatas a la costa
del Pacifico deSde IGna hasta In e.s,1--
dad chilena de ya1diyia Al Sur. Sc hasp
djstiDgni,lo nor severos muy fres,texr-
tcnen4a destr7,.,t res fen6mcnos sejsA-
micos.
I'm has inmulacionre del angllio crs
que Sc nintan las costas .lel Peru v
chile las commissioners terrcstreS han
+ido mnv frccnrntns Z intensas I,a mr.
yuTia de estoS temblores han ocurr1d"
Ell la costa, cerT.a de la falda de los
BoletiÌn mercantil de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 18??-1918, 1909-06-03
Jose Juan Cadenas.
Pur que nos narcanOS

Entire las numerts;,S tcorias con que
50 ha tratado de expiicar Il marco del
mar, las dos que parcccn mas racI0na-
les son la teoria del trastorno cerebral
que atribuye la causa del NAL il las sa-
cudidaS que el movimicnto del buque
produce en- Il bubo ctfaio raqul-
deo, y la tcoria abdominal Scg,ln
la cGal. la irrtacion caliSada por la frIc-
ci6n dc los 0rganos abdomlnalc, entre
81, afecta a los ganglios nciviosos y pro
ducc por acci6n refleja. todoS los Sinto
MAS del marco. \ prop0Sto lie est0, q
doctor Maillet hacc obScrvar una cosa
,,ue todos habrdn tonido ocaSIon dc no
tar. que IS la dcsagradablc Sensaci6a
cue ~ experimental ii bajar IL pronio.
cn IN aSccnsnr. por cicmplo. Y nj retro
ccicr br,Iscamcnie un wagon de fcrrOca-
rril En- cStas ocaSioncS i mairSiar ~
locall2a cn Il abdomen.
III narinero rara vcz 81 marca. por-
que llcga a ser como parte niegranie
Ill buguc. 10 miSmo que Ocurrc con Il
iimeie II caballo Su cucrpo oscIla. v
siguc instintivamenie los movimrnios
,lrl buque por irregulares qIc sean Pc
ra c,san,lo - d,-,encadcna una tcmpcs
tad. = mario llcga aisrar rs mars
s.e. a.nquc bayan cstsslo i@is ~ vida
BoletiÌn mercantil de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 18??-1918, 1909-06-03
Los microbes ye1gua Sehg

III doctor Klein examine ri ano ante
passldo muchas muestras de aqua de
Selt2, Y vI6 Que la mayor parte dc elias
contcnian gran numcro de mIcrorganIs-
mos III hecho cause algma sorpreSs,
porquc So suponia que el acido carbon
co. bajo preston. era fatal para las bac-
tcrias
III cItado doctor reconoce las propie-
dadcs microbicldas del acido carb5nic0-
pcro ha comprobado que obra muy Ien--
tamentc IN el aqua de Seltz, Ia cuai COP
ticne muchaS haeteras vivas meSes des-
pres de haher sldo cmbotellaia ior
i's:!a general IaS aguas bi"arboDatadsS
Sc consumer POGO tempo deSpues dc en-
botellarlaS y parece impractIcable que
e gllarden q tempo sufcientc para aSe-
gurar Ia auto-eSteriizaci6n Por coyI-
Sccurncja de clio los productores ingie-
scS dc aguas fnineraies formaron ana
association que prescribe las precauci0-
mes necesarias para asegurar la produc-
ci6n de aguaS perfectamente sanas ex-
pidc certificates Il los miembros que las
adoptan
Los bactcri6logos ingleses encuentram
puras las aguas de los productOres ase--
ciados pero dicen que Ia obtenci6n ee
un aqua abSolutamente libre dc germe:-
ncs es una utopia, pues hasta el aqua
destiIada 81 rnfecta con la mas Iigera
exposition al are Todo 10 que pueeEe-
exiglrse e> que en- la fabricacion Sc em-
plee aqua pcrfectamcnte pura, y qae2
los procedmicntos lndustrIaIcs sean de-
tal naturaleza que .mpidan que Ell aqua
enboteiada contenga mas bacterlas sue.
la que 81 uso para prepararIa
BoletiÌn mercantil de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 18??-1918, 1909-06-03
ia lI!neysa De-! dollar ,

rs Niona Ia cuna de la opereta, al
s6nero alcgre y retozon por excelencia
Y en In patria dc LA viuda alegre,
$ is Il ocho teatros Sc hacen dc oro IS
trcnando todoS los amos una opcreia
que no dcSaparecc del cartel en- toda
a temporada que Il veces da la vuel
"A al mundo. Agotado 81 cxito inmen
SO dc La vilda alegrc," cuyo balan
cc arroja un total de $1,000 rcpresen
aciones, los viencscs acaban de con
'agrar 81 primer millar de otra opercta
"Die dollar priuzcsin La princesa de
dollar"
La nueva opera ha cclipsado los 6Xi
toS de- Ola viuda alcgrc" v de- "Enr
Halzcrtrraum, " su autor, cl jove
,ompositor berlin6s Leo Fall. sc ha
colocado de nm salto por cncima dc
ranz Lchar Y de Oscar Strauss. los
'ompoSitorcS millonarios.
La opercta vicncSa So ha modcrnl
ado. V cl nucvo modclo que ahora apa
Siona Il este publico amantc. id6latra
de- la miISlca. es 81 ctcrno motive de
un walls cncantador que So inlcla on In
Sinfonia V juguctca despucS en- los mo
mcntoS culminantcS de Ia obra rcco
rricndo toda In orqu"sta. ora allegro
ora sentimental. scgun la Sltuaci6n
Fhsc fu6 el cxito de LA viuda alcgrc
v de Elm Walzertraum: csc ha SIdc
ahora el nucvo estupcndo Gxito de la
nrirceSa del dollar"
Cuando 81 p1bllco salc del teatro
continna tarareando a walls; cntr;l en-
81 restaurant" Y los "tziganes' vucl-
ven i rccordarSclc, y por todas par
tcs, en- los cafes. cm las callcs, en- el
tranvia, la musiquilla os persiguc, aca-
riciandoos con su melodia dulce sll-
gcstiva
Y SON las muJercs Las que inician
81 apiauso en- a teatro, las que arras-
tran al pnblico entusiasmado piden
el bis" una y otra vez, porque la
vienesa enloquece por la musica en &c
neral y por q walls en particular. No
81 qui6n ha dIcho que la mllsna Is pa
ra el italiano una sensation, para el
frances una distraction y para e1 in
gles una vandad. Para la muJer vie
mesa la mlislca Is la passion, toda en-