davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-11-27
BY ISAAC NOTES.

To fatten poultry quickly and proht-
ably requires good judgment and proper
management in the care of the fowls
and proper feeding. The best FOODS
are bits of fat meat, mashes of meal
or fine grits made from yellow corn,
with skim milk; boiled potatoes, rice
and oatmeal and milk. If anything
oatmeal is preferable because OF It's
greater heating qualities and it's effect
on color or fat.
The main point to keep in view Is
to fatten your fowls in the shortest
time possible. To do this they should
be kept in a coop or pen, where they
cannot take much exercise, for by ex-
ercise they work off flesh and keep
down fat. A good way is to confine
them in small, light coops made OF
lath or wire netting. These may sit
out in the back yard or barn yard,
on we'll Adrained ground. In case of
rain or damp weather cover them with
oilcloth. Keep the pen dark during the
daytime, except when the fowls are
eating, by throwing thick covering
over the coops, such as old carpets,
blankets or quilts. This will prevent
the fowls from stirring about between
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-11-27
PREPARING POULTRY FOR MARKET
TO DO PR0fABLy THIS DONE QUICKLY SUITABLE
rs FIRST REQUISITE

meals. In the morning give them,
boiled potatoes, mashed while hot ana
thickened with cornmeal, with iittie
salt and pepper for seasoning
They should be fed three times
day, and their bill of fare varied as
much as possible, but with large pro-
portion of starchy, heat and fat pro
ducing articles. Very little greenNstutf
should be given them, though pumpkin
or squash may take the place of boiled
potatoes occasionally.
Fresh bedding should be supplied
frequently, and the coop and spot 1T
occupies kept clean. The coop should
rest on cinders, or on gravelly or sandy
soil, with bedding of. hay or straw.
The coop being light, 1t will be easy to
move it to new place occasionally
by a man getting at each end and lift
ing it an inch or so off the ground.
gently pushing the chickens along in
side the coop as it is moved, having
prepared the bed of hay on the new
place beforehand.
Unless a hen is a ver... valuable
breeding fowl it does not pay to keep
her after she is 2 years old They
should be marketed just before their
second moulting.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-11-27
HOG RAISING IN THE NEW WEST

There has been a wonderful develop
ment of the swine industry in Okla
homa and Texas during the past twelve
years.
During that period "a vast area has
been changed from a grazing to a
farming territory and with the farmer
has come the hog.
Instead of few razor backs, good
hogs are now being raised and shipped
to market, and from this time forward
the growth of this industry will be
still more rapid.
1t is claimed that cottonseed meal,
a cheap feed in that section, can be
safely fed to hogs. the safeguard be-
ing the use of plenty of water in the
Stops in which it is used
If this is true the southwestern hog
producer will be a more forrnida bile
competitor than ever.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-11-27
SUITABLE F0Ol

Whether or not you buy your feet
during the winter, it hardly pays te
iced chickens Matched the previous
spring, except of course the most
promising pullets for next springs
laying. Keep the others well fed and
growing until they weigh between
three and four pounds, then put them
in the fattening coops and give them
all they will eat for ten days or two
weeks and rush them to market. Both
young and old fowls should not be fed
within twentyfour hours previous to
killing.
Whether you ship dressed or alive
must depend upon your market and
the wishes of the parties to whom you
ship. If you ship to packing house
or commission firm it is customary
to ship in coops, but if you ship to
some retail grocer or market in the
city 1T will perhaps be best to ship
fowls dressed.
Dry-picked fowls bring slightly
higher price in the open market. White
or buff colored sell best, as the pir
feathers do not show SO much on the
dressed fowl, and this gives it heater
appearance.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-11-27
STRAWBERRIES GROWING ON ICE

On the old Oregon trail, with its
historic association, may be found enc
OF natures marvels, probably not du-i
plicated in this country at least.
Near South Pass City, Wyo., is the
Pacific Spring, a beautiful spot where
the old freighters and emigrants fire.
quently stopped for a few days after
the long and arduous trip across the
barren plains. Here they could rest
and enjoy some of the almost forgot
ten Injuries of life.
Pacific Spring is 1000 feet above sea
level, and about it, at the headWaters
OF the Sweetwater river. is series of
small valleys, or rather meadows shell
tered by the southern extremity of the
Wine River mountains. On the north
side of the hills is what is locally
called a fiat" where the grass grew
in green luXuriance. In this tall prai-
RE grass was found the tiny red wild
strawberry.
This 1oes not seem marvellous in the
warm sunshine, but take spade and
remove the turf and solid cakes of ice
are found at a depth of often less than
foot.
The reason for this is quite simple.
The warm spring sunshine rnelts the
snow, which runs down the mountain
side. This goes on till late summer
and fail. when the small stream of
water freezes at night.
As the warmth of the sun touches
only the top of the mountain, the little
stream soon becomes solid ice. BY the
actions of the elements and washing
of earth down the mountain deposit
of soil is made on this ice, which, when
the summer rolls around once more
springs into green, fresh life.
t The few hours of sunshine which
reaches this sheltered spot each day
suftices to ripen the strawberries, but
cannot melt the ice beneath them nor
warm the soil below the roots of these
brave volunteers.-Mrs S. B. litter
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-11-27
VALUE OF The WEIGHBRIDGE
1t Enables the User to Note
Accurately the Gain Result
ing From His System
of Feeding
BY W. R. GILBERT.

We have repeatedly impressed upon
grazers the Importance of using the
weighbridge in buying, even more par
ticularly than in the selling of their
grazing stock
The official returns indicate that the
system of weighing live animals is
gradually increasing in favor although
1t is still far from general and in some
parts is almost unknown.
The practice, however, is more COM
mon in the case of fat stock than in
the buying in of store animals, result,
no doubt, of the growing recognition
of the fact that the butcher, who has
every facility for testing his judgment
by the weight of the carcasses of the
fattened animals he buys, is in a better
position to estimate approximately the
weight of a live bullock than is the
farmer, who perhaps never knew the
exact weight of an animal that has
passed through his hands.
There can be no doubt that the av-
erage farmer is at a great disadvan-
tage, as compared with his client, who
Is constantly using the weighbridge in
the selling, though not in the buying of
his supplies, and who is in position
10 apply the experience acquired in the
0ne TRANSACTION 10 the Olner nnucn TO
mis- own benefit.
Experience has proved that the
scales are at least as important in the
buying and selling of store as of fat
cattle. In certain seasons, indeed, it is
even more important to know def
uitely the weight of the former than
the latter, for not only are immature
animals more deceptive in their weigh
Ing capabilities than fattened stock
but they are subject to much greater
huctuation in market value, and as the
financial results of the fattening proc
ess are largely Influenced by the buy
ing-in price of the store animals, it is
especially desirable to consult the
weighbridge in a season when young
growing cattle are fetching prices out
of all proportion to the value of the
same animals in a fattened condition
The systematic use of the weigh
bridge is of the greatest assistance ir
escaping so undesirable bargain
since it shows exactly the weight thai
the buyer is receiving for his money
and if he regulates his bidding in ac-
cordance with the weight records an6
the current fluctuations for beef he car
save himself from bargains that mus
inevitably end to his disadvantage.
The intelligent stock owner appre.
ciates the fact that all classes of store
stock are not equal value at the same
rate per hundredweight, but it is usefu
as foundation to know the gross
weight, and, given this, he can ther
apply his judgment in estimating thu
responsive and other inherent qualities
of the animals.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-11-27
THE LATEST cuRrAls,rRoNr POULTRY HOUSE

upright and 2 feet inches from each
end of the room; they are three feet
above the floor. The distance between
the windows is feet 10 inches, and
the top part of it to a depth of feet
inches from the plate is not boarded
but is left open to be covered by the
cloth curtain when necessary. This
leaves tight wall 8 feet 10 inches high
extending from the bottom of the open
ing down to the floor, which prevents
the wind from blowing directly on the
birds when they are on the floor. A
door 16 inches high by Is inches wide
is placed close to the floor under one o.
the windows for the birds to pass
through to the yards in front. A sim-
liar door is in the center Of the back
wall to admit them to the rear yard
when it is used.
A light frame made of 1x3-inch pine
strips and 1x6inch crossties is COW
cred with ten-ounce white duck and
hinged at the top of the front opening,
which it covers when closed down.
This curtain is easily turned up into
the room, where it is caught and held
by swing hooks until released.
Tho roost platform is made tight
and extends along the Whole length of
the room against the back wall. 1t Is
feet 10 inches wide and 8 feet above
the floor There are three roosts
framed together in two ten-foot Sec
tons. The tops of the roosts are one
foot above the platform and hinged to
the back wall, SO they may be turned
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-11-27
CROP VALUES OF CALIFORNIA

Investigations that have been made
into the yields of various crops In CAL
fornia by the California promotion
committee give insight into the vast
of those industries to which
little consideration is generally given.
According to the calculations of the
committee the total industrial output
of the state for the year 1908 amounted
to $1,OO5, 100000. OF this vast total
agriculture played a very important
part, it's production amounting to more
than $400,000,000. How much impor-
lance is to be attached to these figures
is better understood when it is realized
that this output is just double that of
three years ago.
Fifteen years ago wheat was about
the only grain grown, and at that time
1t was the mainstay Of agriculture.
The average annual production of
wheat then was vauled at about $40,-
100000, with other grains COMPARE
lively without comparative. value. In
1908 wheat value had fallen to about
$19, 100000, while barley had increased
to $685. 1894, raised on land valued at
more than s50,000,O00. Rye, which in
creases annually in output, was valued
at $22S,000, making total output value
Oh THESE Two grains VI more ludu pSB-
100000, which was more than the COM
bined values of all other cereal prod
ucts of the state.
Hops, also, which is a growing in
dustry, makes a heavy output on an
| invested capital Of about $7,000,000.
/ More than half Of the grape vines
growing in the United States are In
California, with an annual output value
of more than s25,000,0OO, and for the
production of which there is an in
vested capital Of more than 100000
900. About $16O,00O,oO0 of capital is
| invested in these four industries in
California, and from these four pro-
ductions alone-barley rye, hops and
grapes-the state receives an annual
income of nearly $54.OOO000, or one
fourth of the total Of all agricultural
4 products.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-11-27
SNAP SHOTS

A mess of cooked turnips given to
young stock often is excellent in inn
proving digestion. The turnips are not
very nutritious, but they are appetite
ing and form a change from the usual
dry feed.
TO determine the percentage of
cream in the milk of different cows, set
some of each in glass tumblers. The
thickness of the cream can be seen
through the glass.
A pail of milk standing ten minutes
where it is exposed to the scent of a
strong smelling stable, or any other
offensive odor, will imbibe faint that
will not leave it.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-11-27
AXLE GREASE SAVES MONEY

When you hear the wheels of a wag.
on or any kind of farm machiner,
squeaking, be sure the squeaks cos
the owner money, because the axles are
being cut to pieces.
There Is a great difference in axle
grease, and the only way to know
which has the best adhesive qualities
is by actual test. Cheap grease Ii
generally dear.
Axle grease that quickly wears off
increases the friction; this pulls the
flesh off the team and flesh costs
money.
The wagon wheels OF all vehicles and
machinery should be carefully exam
ined often. 1t will not do to be caught
with dry wheels when away from home
or in the midst of busy day in the
6a1d
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-11-27
TO CURE HARD MIXERS

This is due to an unnatural condition
of the sphincter muscles at the end of
the teat and often what might be a
valuable COW, on this account. is one
that everybody wishes to avoid.
The proper method of overcoming
hard milking is to wash the teats off
with an antiseptic solution, dip a teat
plug into healing ointment and insert
same into the point of the teat, per-
hitting teat plugs to remain in the
teats from one milking to another.
A few treatments of this kind will
overcome hard milking in any COW,
without danger of injecting the teats
or udder, but even this treatment
should be handled with cleanliness
DR.. David Roberts.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-11-27

Maine experiment station. The descrip-
ton is here given, as it represents the
latest development of this style of
poultry house.
The building rests on a stone wall
high enough from the ground for dogs
to get underneath to look for rats or
slSunlks. The wall is built on the sur
face of the ground and has openings
in it like cellar windows every twenty
feet, to allow the air to draw through
and keep the basement dry during the
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-11-27

The roosting closet Is shut off from
the rest of the room by curtains similar
to the one described. There are two
curtains each 10 feet long and feet
wide and are hinged at the top so as
to be turned out and hooked UP. The
space above this curtain is ceiled and
in 1t are two openings each feet long
and inches wide, for ventilating the
roosting closet when necessary.
Ten trap nests are placed in two
tiers against the partition in each end
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-11-27

summer. The building is boarded with
one-inch boards and is papered and
shingled with good cedar shingles on
walls and roof The floor is of two
thicknesses of hemlock boards which
break joints in the laying.
The building is divided by tight
board partitions into twenty sections,
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-11-27
.I11HH||INN|NNNI
s-ssrI-@=--s-

The average weight of eggs is abou.
eight to pound, so that a dozen egg.
would weigh about one and hall
pounds. pound of eggs contains
more nourishment than a pound OF
meat There is no flesh food that may
be served in so many palatable ways as
eggs, nor as easily obtained by farm
ers. Eggs are a perfect food, contain
ing all the constituent elements of
naurishment.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-11-27
ALFALFA RACK

For feeding alfalfa hay to hogs TIL.
is a splendid rack 1t is made of 1x4
inch stuff. 1t is 8 feet high. feet long
and IL inches wide. The top is open,
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-11-27
A RISING GATE

This gate is braced both ways and is
composed of first-class lumber. The
balance weight is wire hung. An iron
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-11-27

End elevation tnside) of curtain front poultry
house. a, Feed trough for dry mash; b, feed
trough for grit, bone. ETC.; c, trap nest; d.
coop for broody Hens e. front curtain; f,roosting
closet curtain; g, roost bars; h, small closet In
which eggs taken from nest are placed.
1 foot wide, 1 foot high and | foot
long, with the entrances near the par
tition, away from the light, and with
hinged covers in front for the removal
of the eggs. Each section of five nests
can be taken without disturbing any
thing else, cleaned and returned.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-11-27
A CURTAIN FRONT POULTRY HOUSE

This style of building is regarded
very highly by practical poultry rails
ers. a curtain-front house 20 feet wide
by 400 feet long has been planned and
used with most excellent results by the
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-11-27
THE SHEPHERD AND HIS SHEEP

In England many shepherds shear
sheep and lambs before putting them
on fall feed, but the practice is dying
out.
When sheep shearing machines first
came into use there was much preju-
dice against them because they made
many wounds.
little practice with machine
quickly demonstrated that the work
can be done better with it than by
hand.
nice fat sheep, we'll shorn with a
machine, looks somewhat fatter than it
really is, doubtless because the work is
SO evenly done.
If you did not look carefully to the
sailing of your sheep when first put on
pasture this spring. you doubtless lost
some from bloat
An Iowa paper reports that Francis
Sestler, Des Moines, has during the
past seven years made $4,000 worth
of permanent improvements on a
thirty two acre farm and paid for them
all from the product of the soil. His
farm is located in rich section of the
Des Moines river valley and produces
wonderful crops of vegetables.
Corn loses one-fifth by drying, and
wheat one fourteenth, hence it is bet
ter to sell at considerable less price in
the fall than to hold till spring.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-11-27

each section being twenty feet long.
All of the sections are alike. The front
side of each section has two storm
windows of twelve lights of 10X12-inch
glass. These windows are screwed on
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-11-27

Thomas Griffith. Jr an 11-year-old
lad living near Winona. Mimi, killed
a bull which had gored his mother and
nearly cost her her life. The boy. who
had been brooding over the deed, rose
in the night, and with his fathers
shotgun, visited the pasture and dis
patched the beast with one discharge
of the weapon. The animal was val
liable one.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-11-27

up out of the way when the platform
is being cleaned. The back roost Is
twelve inches from the wall and the
spaces between the next two are six
teen inches.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-11-27

Will anything turn The appetite of a
erow?
The San Mateo item. (San Mateo City, Putnam County, Fla) 189?-19??, 1909-07-17
FLORIDA NEWS NOTES.

Another new school building e
cost $4,000 is TO be erected by the
Pensacola board Of public instruction
The new building is to be used ex.
clusiyely for the Pensacola High
school, which at present occupies a
portion OF a three story building with
school No. 1. This building towards
the close of the past season was so
crowded that the board found Il i'm.
peratlye to erect a new building, and
to do so as soon as possible so as
to relieve the congested condition
The new building is TO be OF brick
two stories in height and finished in
marble.
The contractors for the construc.
ton of a sea wall around Fort PICK
ems at cost OF nearly half a million
dollars have contracted with a Mo.
bile fTm TO furnish the gravel for the
concrete work. The contractors
merly obtained gravel from near Pen
sacoIa, but the extra cost OF loading
and unloading from cars caused then
to seek another point for the mate.
rial. About $4,000 tons are to be de
livered.
With the determination OF the white
ny, which has been the blood sucker
OF many an orange growers pocket,
and the excellent rainy season, which
The San Mateo item. (San Mateo City, Putnam County, Fla) 189?-19??, 1909-07-17
New Law Requires That New
Papers Must Be Filed.
PENSION ROLL To Be REVISED
Veterans Who Have More Than $1,000
Worth Of Property Need Not
Make Application.

Tallahassee, Fla.-Under the new
pension law an entirely new roll is
to be made up and all veterans who
wish to apply for pensions, whether
they are now on the roll or not. will
have TO make out new papers. Those
veterans who are possessed of 81, 900
worth Of this worlds goods or who
were only members of the home
guards and not In active service, need
not make application at all, for their
cases will not be considered. The
rules TO be observed In making appli.
cations read as follows:
All blanks on prescribed forms must
BE correctly filed out, applicants
name must be signed In full and the
signature attested by two witnesses.
Widows must sign their own Chris
tian names. and not the names OF
their husbands.
All applications must be submitted
to the county commissioners OF the
county In which the applicant resides
before filling In the pension depart.
ment.
Applicants will save needless trou-
Die and delay by complying carefully
with the above instructions. as all
claims not properly filled out will be
returned for correction.
All persons will be required 10 make
renewal OF application, but further
proof OF service will not be required
OF former pensioners OF this state N
the former claim Is In compliance
with the provisions OF the act OF 1909
All claims will be filed Immediate
ly upon receipt I'm the pension depart.
ment. and will be considered as
promptly as possible. and applicants
will be notified OF the disposition OF
their claims. and certificates and
vouchers will be forwarded To all per
sons allowed pensions under the ACT
OF 1909.
Under the act OF 1909 only persons
who served I'm the confederate states
army or navy, and In the first reel
ment OF Florida reserves, and their
widows. will be granted pensions.
No state troops or home guards OF
this or any other state will be pen.
stoned under this act.
All former pensioners whose claims
were allowed upon certificate OF the
OF a camp OF confederate
veterans will be required 10 furnish
he afIidavlt OF a commissioned ON.
GER under whom he served. or a tran
script from the once OF the adjutant
The San Mateo item. (San Mateo City, Putnam County, Fla) 189?-19??, 1909-07-17
a1oo REWARp. a1oo.

The readers OF this paper will be
pleased to learn that there is at least
one dreaded disease that science has
been able TO cure in all IT'S stages,
and that is Catarrh. Halls Catarrh
Cure Is the only positive cure now
known to the medical fraternity. Ca
tarrh being constitutional disease,
requires a constitutional treatment.
Halls Catarrh Cure is taken inter
nally, acting directly upon the blood
and mucous surfaces Of the system,
thereby destroying the foundation
OF the disease. and giving the patient
strength by building up the constItu-
ton and assisting nature in doing it's
work. The proprletors have so
much faith in its curative powers that
they offer One Hundred Dollars for
any case that II fails to cure. Send
for list OF testimonials.
Address F. j. CHENEY & CO.,
Toledo, o.
Sold by all druggists, 75c.
Take Halls Family Pills for consti.
patton. II