davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-09-24
DRY FARMING is NOT NEW.
Has Long Passed the Experimental
Stage and Shows Astonish.
ing Possibilities.

The last word in agriculture, and
an important one, is dry farming.
Some idea of the significance of the
new science was shown by the recent
congress of dry farmers at Cheyenne.
which WIS attended by about 1000
delegates, including several from for
eign countries. Few of these men are
theorists. Almost all are practical
tillers of the soil, some on an exten.
sive scale.
The object was to discuss methods,
n in this they had the advantage Of
advice from fellow farmers and from
government experts. The dry farm.
ELS have set out to conquer the arid
1ty OF the western plains, and they
feel certain that many million acres
which have not been considered as
fit residences for coyotes are not only
susceptible of cultivation but may yet
become the stock %fattening section of
the country.
There is nothing new about the
basic principles of dry farming. 1t
was practiced by the ancient Egyp-
tians M Aztecs. 1t consists of con
serving in the soil such natural mois-
ture as falls, small though it may be,
and by following one-half the land on
alternate years raise the crop with
two years moisture. The conservation
is done by maintaining q %pulverized
dust mulch which breaks the capil-
larlty of the suns rays with the mois-
ture underneath. Dry farming has
long passed the experimental stage,
and the exhibit of grain, forage, vege.
tables and fruits raised by this means
made at Cheyenne were astonishing
in size and quality.
When it is known that during the
last five years in Colorado alone TO-.
0oO,QOO acres of arid lands have been
put under dry farming to the tremen.
dous enrichment of the state, it will
be seen what possibilities there are in
the new science of agriculture.
The eyes of the whole world are
now upon these dry lands of western
America. Australia, South Africa,
Russia, Asia and South America each
have hundreds of millions of arid
plains upon which the rainfall is so
far below normal that they are use.
less for agriculture by the ordinary
methods OF farming. Their delegates
have gone home full of the American
idea, which promises to change the
lace OF nature all over the globe.
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-09-24
PICKING OF SUMMER FRUIT
For Market n for Family Use It
Should Be Gathered
by Hand.

Summer fruit for market-or for
family eating and cooking-should be
hand-picked, put in half bushel and
peck baskets. placed in a cool shed or
cellar and sent to market the follow
ing day, says a writer in an exchange.
Cover the baskets with light Stats
tightly nailed down if shipped; If sent
to market in wagon. cover with can
vas sheet to keep clean and cool. 1t.
will pay best to sell the fruit at sta
ton or at shipping point. The extra
expense for freight, handling and
commission eat up most of the prof
its. Our experience. as well as sew
eral of our neighbors', is to sell quick
ly to agent for a little less than mar.
ket rates. Windfalls should be made
into cider or fed to stock. 1t won't
pay to send them to market.
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-09-24

st. Petersburg reports that the pres
ence of cholera is initiating seriously
against summer tourist travel. This
ought to be r%cassuring to all Europe.
When people wisely stay away from
centers Of disease there will be less
likelihood that the germs will be scat
tered all yer the continent. If st. Pc
tersburg cares for the traffic she has
lost temporarily she should hasten her
sanitation and also Increase effort to
stamp put the cholera. TIE drinking
water there is contaminated, and every
tourist who goes to the Russian capt.
tai takes a risk every time he drinks
water that has not been boiled.
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-09-24

pillar at right, slightly enlarged.
short brown hairs in addition to the
long ones.
The full-grown larva changes to a
pupa within a ocoon which it pre-
viously makes with silk and leaves
These cocoons may be in groups OF
singly in some secluded spots or at
the tips of branches of trees on
which they have fed. The cocoon is
SO loosely made that the pupa may be
see through it. a
The moths of both sexes are pure
white with the exception of the aldo.
men, which is dark brown. The tip
of the abdomen Of both sexes, more
pronounced in the female, bears a
small tuft of brown hairs, from which
the insect gets it's name. The female
moth has ar expanse of about one and
one-half inches while the male is
somewhat smaller. The moths are
strong fliers and are readily attracted
to lights.
In addition to the severe injury that
this pest will do to fruit, shade and
forest trees, and the consequent cost
of fighting It, there is another feature
connected with it's presence that is
very troublesome, if not alarming,
that is, danger to the health of
people.
The larva or caterpillar bears tiny
hairs which are barbed and when the
insect molts these hairs are shed
with the skin. Upon drying, these
skins and hairs float about in the air
and are a source of constant trouble
to- persons living in an infested dis
trict. When the caterpillars' skins, or
even loose hairs, come in contact with
the skin they cause a severe irrita1
ton. A large part of the popular
feeling in New England that the
brown-tail moth must be exterminated
is due quite as much to the preva-
lence and annoyance of this rash as
to the loss of vegetation from the
work Of the caterpillar.
With this pest undoubtedly the
easiest and practically the only effec.
tive e a of artificial control where
established is by cutting off the over,
wintering nests during the late fall,
winter or early spring and destroying
the tiny larvae within. This, of course,
can be supplemented by spraying with
an a%rsenical mixture, when the larvae
appear on the foliage in spring.
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-09-24
CARE OF VEGETABLE SEEDS
Should Be Cut and Gathered Early in
Morning While the Dew L.
Still On. Is

Seeds Of p%arsnips, carrots, onions
and satisfy should be gathered when
the seeds are fully ripe, says a writer
in the Baltimore American. Cut the
seed heads early in the morning, when
the dew is on; the seeds will not scat
ter out; place OF canvas sheets and
expose to the sun for few days to
dry out. Only the largest and fully
developed heads should be gathered,
as these heads will always have the.
heaviest and choicest seed. The seeds
should not be allowed to get wet.
Place the sheets containing the seeds
in a o free from mice for a few
weeks to harden before putting in
paper sacks.
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-09-24


up the piston to the handle of the
pump so as to get a full stroke. AS
only a small amount of liquid is
needed in spraying, the object of this
reduction of cylinder is to lessen the
flow and increase the pressure. The
reduction of three to two halves the
flow and doubles the pressure. Mount
the pump on the barrel and the barrel
on the riding c%ultivator frame. Make
an agitator as follows: In the bar
rel, nea the bottom, on the end or
head of the same, hang with a T.
hinge a board made of oak 1x6x2 feet
to swing up and down. Connect the
board with the pump plunger by a
steel rod so that it will swing up and
down with the stroke. The steel rod
should enter the barrel through an
opening made to pour in the liquid.
I use this machine to spray my hen
house with lime and coal oil, at the
rate of 100 square feet per minute.
1t makes a good job at whitewash.
ing as we'll and is death to bugs and
microbes on my fruit trees.
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-09-24
SHEEP NOTES.

Always have plenty of fresh. clean
drinking water handy.
The successful shepherd is the one
that carefully cares for the little
things.
One of the very best feeds for ewes
with lambs is oats and wheat bran
mixed.
Sheep have excellent digestion and
hence they utilize food to the greatest
degree.
Keep the floor of the sheep quar-
tiers dry, and to this end use plenty
of bedding.
If sheep are not kept constantly in
good condition the quality of the wool
Is affected.
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-09-24
PLANTING Alfalfa.

In order to obtain a deeper soil,
more amenable to intensive cultiva-
ton, some have tried planting alfalfa.
The results obtained have been sur
prising in the success which attended
the experiments. The clovers and 9TH
er fibrous rooted plants have the same
effect in loosening the soil and MAX
ing it finer and tillable. And
every one knows that when corn fol
lows alfalfa, there is a well defined
increase in the corn crop over land
which has not had the plant grown
upon it.
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-09-24

AS was expected, the cotton crop of
1908 was larger than the spectators
for a rise pretended, says the st. Louis
,Globe-Democrat. 1t amounted to 49,
$4,000 bales. SO the bureau of the cen
u says. o 2,212, 900 more than that
Of 1907. Only twice-in 1904 and in
1906--was the yield greater than that
of 1908. The crop Of 1904, which broke
all the records, was a little below the
"a. 1000, O00-bale mark. AS, at present
prices, cotton is a highly profitable
crop, the presumption is that the acre.
age of 1909 is up at high figures.
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-09-24
Let Autos prau Roads.

An autoist in Missouri suggests that
the owners of automobiles be given
the privilege of dragging the roads.
Surely we farmers would not object
to this, 1t is a good idea, for most
any automobile can pull a log drag
as we'll as a team and they can do the
work SO much quicker. This is a good
suggestion for the Lawmakers and
we hope there will be a law before
long providing for the dragging of
roads by automobile power. Let them
get busy in a good cause.-American
Agriculturist.
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-09-24
Spray for Celery.

Celery blight can be controlled by
spraying with ammonical carbonate
of copper. To make this dissolve
three ounces Of copper carbonate in
a pint of ammonia, and add 25 gallons
of water. To make copper carbonate,
dissolve five pounds copper sulphate
(blue ~vitriol) in five gallons of wa.
ter, also six pounds carbonate of soda
in five gallons of water. Mix the two
solutions slowly, stirring well. Let
the mixture stand until next day to
settle, after which pour of the liquid.
Pour on ten gallons of water, let stand
until next day, and repeat the opera
ton after which strain and dry the
blue powder, which is the copper car.
honate.
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-09-24

Now they are saying that ex-Presi.
dent Reyes Of Colombia, who cabled
his resignation from Europe, Sailed
down" $25. 100000, and his c%ountrymcn
are asking where he got it and how
they can obligc him to give it up. But
these may be merely malicious mis-
representations. Castro, who left
Venezuela for Venezuela's good, in the
opinion of a great many persons. was
credited with fabulous riches. But ac-
,cording to later developments his pos.
sessions shrank to comparatively
little measure.
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-09-24

The English prime minister, in
speaking on the possible invasion of
England. the national bugaboo just
now. gave the house Of commons the
gloomy information that II once Bri-
tannia ceased to rule the waves, some
body else would boss her. If this does
not produce adequate appropriations
for national defenses. other appeals
are useless.
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-09-24
Cow is Neglected.

No animal on the farm is drawn
upon so greatly and gets SO little for
what she has to do as the cow. We
demand of her that she give milk
enoughLto make profit; that she pro.
duce a healthy, vigorous calf and that
she support herself In good health.
No wonder the Hindoos considered
her a IS mi Of heavens most precious
gifts to men.
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-09-24
Feed for PIos.

Well bred or even good grade pigs
should weigh 60 to so pounds when
weaned at three months Of age, and
should then go on alfalfa, clover or
other fresh green pasture and have
corn twice.a day. Late in the sum
mel there should be ready for them
a pasture Of rape, field peas. or soy
beans, besides the corn. II their teeth
become sore, change to shelled corn,
soaked "a hours in water, slightly
sailed.
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-09-24
Sito the Corn Crop,

The blades and stalks of the corn
crop alone contain 45 per cent. OF. the
nutritiye value Of the entire crop, is
what we wrote for the Farmer of last
week, page 4, and not five per cent"
as it was printed. We have called at
tention to this fact several times in,
order to prompt farmers to silo their
corn crop when they have live stock
to feed. as,45 per cent. is too great to.
allow to 50 to waste.
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-09-24
Clean UP Fence Rows.

Use the moving machine for clean.
ing up fence rows both in the field
and along the roadside. Weeds and
other undesirable growth take up val.
liable room; prevent nutritious rasse
from growing, and their seeds scat
ter over the land. Cut them before
they go to seed.
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-09-24
corn cuitivatlon.

Break the crust after each rain In
the corn field, even after the corn
has been cultivated the laststime. "A
two.horse cultivator. can be worked
In the corn field when the corn Ii nj
most as high as the horses backs. II
the work isS done IN the afternoon.
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-09-24
Beneficial Cultivation.

It is by some considered that Is
inches of water is sufficient to mature
crops. This is probably true if the
water can all be made available for
beneficial use. But in sections which
receive annually twice 16 inches crops
are sometimes cut short for lack Of
moisture. Cultivation of the moisture
is the best insurance that can be
taken on crops in almost any agricul-
turali region.
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-09-24
TESTING the Well.

Before going down into a well test
the purity Of the air by lowering a
lighted candle or lantern. II; the light
burns dimly or goes out the poisonous
carbonic acid gas 'damps' IAN be
driven out by lighting a quantity Of
turpentine and rags In a kettle and
lowering to the surface of the water.
and then later pour several bucketfuls
Of water into the well from the top.
Test again with the lantern and note
the improvement
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-09-24

A man in Brooklyn, bitten by a dog,
worried himself to death, although
physicians assured him he had no
signs Of the dreaded disease. This in
stance shows how dangerous are the
isenseless panics and ..mad-dog" scares
which come about regularly every
summer,
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-09-24
Section Showing Arrangement Of Aei.
fafnr-

SSs'S ~
.t..- tator.
oil barrel (price sly, a three-inch cyl
Under cost-iron force pump ($6), a
plain brass two-inch cylinder and
valves $50, a piece of good three
quarter-inch hose and a spraying noz-
zle (s2). Total cost, Sill. After put
ting the above material together l was
able to get easily a pressure of $50
pounds per square inch, a very neces-
sary prerequisite to apply the Bor-
deaux mixture with the right force.
(. Directions for assembling are as fol-
lows: Take the valves out of the CYL
Under of any oastiron force pump.
Replace these valves with the plain
brass two-inch cylinder and valves.
Cut off with a hack saw the two-inch
cylinder to the right length to Just
fill the cast cylinder. Fill in the space
between the cast cylinder with plaster
or cement, being sure that the brass
cylinder is in the exact center of the
icast cylinder. Attach the plunger
ivalve OF brass cylinder to Il Hunger
piston of the force pump, and couple
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-09-24

Baby carriages, along with other We.
hicles. must carry red lights at the
rear. in accordance with the speed
laws of LOS Angeles. This is the first
tntimation given anywhere Of the dan.
ger to the public from baby carriages,
aside from their painful. though not
perilous, practice Of rolling over feel
ings and toes on the sidewalk.
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-09-24
Spray the Trees.

Turn W a new leaf and spray the
non-bearing trees this year. 1t was
more scab than. drouth that prevented
fruit buds last year-the Que supple
mented the other. It takes grit, grace
and greenbacks to do this. Trees with
no fruit on them need only to be
sprayed with the Bordeaux mixture.
but if bag worm, tussock moth or tent
caterpillar be present then add an
arsenical poison.
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-09-24
1hre.h Wheat ana oat..

1hreeh Wheat and Oats.
Arrange to thresh wheat and oats
Just as soon 81 possible after harvest.
The longer they are allowed to stand
In the field the more they will waste.
It is, poor business management to
grow grain crops and allow them to
spoil or %deprecfate in the field.
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-09-24

The simpliied Spelling society has
held It's third annual meeting. AS a
reminder to a forgetful public that the
society Is still In existence. the meet
ing appears to be q qualified success.
Otherwise the public is still spelling
the same old way.
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-09-24

Big orders for steel, notably for the
kinds used In structural work. CON.
tinue tosspour In. this being one Of
The most marked Indications Of the
continuous performance IN Industrial
activity.
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-09-24
Gathering Frs.t.

Fruit should be gathered with the
same care that melons are plucked
from the vines. Leave all unr..re frni.
to be gathered later rel II this does
necessitate going oves the tree again.
This will cause the lats crop to in.
lcressei In size apG flavor.
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-09-24
Cut Weeds In Corn.

It fs Q good plan to go over the field.
of corn after cultivation is done and
cut out stray weeds that escaped the
scultivator. A good hand can make
from 50 to $40 a day killing these,
big weeds In corn with corn at the
present high price.
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-09-24
Grit and Lime for Chickens.

Grit and Lime for Chickens.
II. is well to keep grit and lime
within reach OF the chickens all the
time. It is true that In a country
like ours, they 9 gather plenty Of
grit from the fields, but It lis . mat
ter Of convenience to keep II about
the house where the hens can get
at IL.
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-09-24
Cut OFF the suckers

Cut OF. at any time. any suckers
YOU may find growing at the foot OF
fruit trees or on the trunk OF main
limbs where branches should not
gov.
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-09-24
An Earlv ApnroxImations

It Ii our observation THAT the best
descriptions of heaven are those nut
out by the railroads calling attention.
TO The scenery along their respective
routess-Topeka Capital.
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-09-24
MADE SPRAY OUTFIT
Suitable One Can Be Put Together
in One Day by Any Workman Who
Is Handy with Tools.

The spray pump described below
cost me s11. One of standard make
and not so powerful was priced at
$45. Any ordinary workman who is
handy with tools could put my sprayer
together in a day. 1t has proven so
valuable to me that l wish to make 1t
known to everybody, says Charles A.
,V%anoselle, in Scientific American.
1T was assembled from the following:
A riding cultivator frame, pole and
1Aeels Gold scrap from, a good coal.
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-09-24

Is well 70 reQuire the South
4 1yDlutionlsts to take out 1
4 iS oEs nghhtting:
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-09-24

aN WWlhsnssyouSnnd q woman who acts AZ
SScullaSihh ysry kitteniah, Just try her
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-09-24

rood many castles In Spain are
Torrent: Sss, sE
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-09-24

France does not mind its cold
weather 70 much as It does the frost
SDntheftourtst crop.
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-09-24

The brown-taiI moth; female moth
above male moth below, Iarva or cater
pillar at right, slightly enlarged.
The Randall County news. (Canyon City, Tex.) 1908-1926, 1909-11-05
To the Editor

]. E. Rogers accompanied
by Bud Oldham informs the
News that they will leave Can
yon on Monday for San Antonio,
Texas, where they expect to re-
main for about ten days, when
Mr.. Rogers expects to go north
for a short time, to return again
to San Antonio, and he with Mr..
Oldham will go over to Dimmit
county, on ranch owned by the
Union Land Company, and stu
ated long the Artisan Valley and
Neuces River, for a Deer hunt
and perhaps spend a few days
fishing. Mr.. Bud Oldham is also
going to look the country over
with a view to buying land along
the NeuceS river valley. The
Union Land Company has a
special car that leaves Kansas
City every first and third Tues
day of each month, for this sec
ton, they expect to close out
their holdings about Christmas.
Mr.. Rogers said, and | want to
be back to the dear old Panhan-
die sure by that time"
AS the News understood Mr..
Rogers to say that this country
was particularly adapted for
raising vegetables, especially
Bermuda onions, and some cot
ton.