davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1909-09-26
FREE NEGROES BEFORE THE
WAR

Most Gate City readers doubtless
will be surprised to learn that there
We're as many as 434,495 free negroes
in the United States in 1860. This
was about ten per cent of the whole
negro population at the time. OF
these free negroes in slavery days con-
siderably more than half-262 600
were in the southern states. The au-
thority for these figures is Booker
I. Washington, who has made a spec
ial study of the number and status of
the free citizens COLOR as they
We're sometimes called, in ante-bellum
days. Mr.. Booker has embodied his
findings in an article in late num-
Der of the Outlook magazine, to
which the interested reader is refer
red for fuller particulars than can be
given in the brief space of a news
paper editorial.
Under the conditions of slavery. the
position of the free negro was very
uncomfortable one. Mr.. Washington
points out that he was in a certain
sense an anomaly, since he did not
belong to either class. He was dis.
trusted by the white people and look
ed down upon by the slaves. In spite
OF this fact, individual Shareholders
sometimes by providing in their Wills
for the emancipation and transporta-
ton of their slaves to free state or
to Liberia, sometimes by permitting
individual slaves to buy their own
freedom-were constantly adding to
the number of free persons of color
Among the most illustrious of those
who freed their slaves were George
Washington, John Randolph, and
Chief Justice Roger B. Taney, author
of the famous bred Scott decision.
The practice of permitting slaves to
/ purchase their own freedom and that
/ OF their relatives seems to have been
more or less common. Coincident
with this large number of free ne
groes were re-enslaved. A free negro
might be sold into slavery to pay
taxes or to pay fines, and in Maryland
free negroes might be sold into per-
petual slavery for the crime OF enter
ing the state. In 1879 tire practice of
selling any free negro who could not
account for himself, in order to pay
the jail fines. had become such a
scandal as to attract public attention.
During the early years of slavery the
free negroes seem to have had about
the same rights under the law that
other free persons had. except that
they were not allowed to hold per
sons of white blood as bond servants
Gradually there grew up in this coun
try, both north and south, caste sys-
tenn which excluded the negro from
the ordinary privileges of citizenship
exclusively upon the ground of his
color. AS early as 1903 a negro
even though free man. could not
testify in case in which white mar
was party, and negroes we're not
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1909-09-26

Foreign capital is flowing into this
country in large amounts. Such adj
ditions cannot fail to augment the
rising tide of prosperity. Their in
vestment means the development of
new enterprises, larger employment
of labor and better times for every
body. 1t does not seem too much to
hope that with such an abundance of
capital to draw upon those in charge
Of the Keokuk water power project
will be able to finance it successful
ly. Twelve or fifteen million dollars
is large sum, to be sure, but it is
a mere bagatelle as compared with the
hundreds of millions stored up in
New York and other financial centers.
Moreover, the enterprise assures gen
erous returns as soon as completed.
All the conditions are favorable and
there should be no doubt as to its
ultimate success.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1909-09-26
Accomplishments.


He's clever, all the world admits,
And everywhere he is we'll known.
He knows the sciences and arts;
And he can always hold his own,
No matter what discussion starts
A goodly fortune he has made,
But still his barber smiles, because
He cannot hone razor blade.
He talks in German and in French,
Is versed In Latin or in Greek,
And men will great attention pay
Whenever he gets up to speak.
Yet there's limit to his powers,
This clever man throughout his life
Admits he's never learned the way
To sharpen cen a pocket knife.
Detroit Free Press.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1909-09-26
CONGRESSMAN Kennedy.

Montrose Journal: The Democratic
papers OF the district are wasting
space these days trying to select a
congressional candidate to beat Ken
nedy When the time comes the Re-
publicans will do as they have always
done, nominate their own candidate
and when November comes elect him
and his name will be Chas. Kennedy,
as the people can always be depend
ed upon when it comes to voting for
a man who has served them faithfully
regardless of party beliefs. Mr.. Ken
nedy has not made lot of noise but
he has delivered the goods and that is
what counts
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1909-09-26
Taft and Party Allegiance.

Quincy Wing: The purpose of pre-
serving and upholding a party is to
make it useful in the promotion of
sound policies and the propagation of
correct principles. If one who has
been favored by a party and put in
responsible position where his voice
and vote may determine whether
policy may or may not prevail goes
out of the party and votes with its
enemies then he can no longer be
credited with being representative
of the party
That President Taft would be criti-
cised for what he said last week in
his Winona speech. about party solid
arity, and about any Republican who
voted against the Payne. tariff bill
deserving in that instance his party,
was expected. That was the Presi-
dents idea of the lack of party allie
glance and he believes that after the
people had trusted the Republican
party to revise the tariff, that Repub-
licans should have stood together. If
to act with ones own party calls for
the endorsement of that which ones
own conscience does not approve, why
that is another thing. Ones con-
science seldom goes in conflict with
his reason.
If man has no other use for his
party than to elect him to Office,
then it is not a matter of principle
He simply looks over the ground and
attaches himself to the party that he
imagines will most likely hep him to
get what he wants. One party, SO
far as principle is concerned is just
as good as another, he is not long
on principle. He wants to be elected
by one party; but is willing to use
more than one in his business IL the
opportunity happens to come his way.
The Presidents idea Of party allie
ginace is not merely personal mat
ter, but principle. In contending
for principle, solidarity is a necessity;
the man who deserts when the battle
line is being formed and goes over to
the enemy Of course is not to be re-
lied upon.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1909-09-26

An incident in connection with the
recent Methodist conference at Win.
field which did not get into the re-
ports published by the daily pa
pers is related by Stanley Miller in
his Mt. Pleasant Free Press
He says that after the confer
ence had been in session five
days the town ran out of chickens and
the conference had to adjourn. Some
body broke into butcher shop the
last day of the session and swiped
four hams, but Stanley doesn't think
that this can be laid to the preachers.
He reasons that they would balk on
ham, after week of spring fries.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1909-09-26
that they must do 1t If they expect to
keep their boys satisfied on the farm.

1t is understood that Theodore
Roosevelt will write history of
Texas following his return from his
African AUNT. He is said to have a
trunk full of data and decided to write
the history of the Lone Star state be-
cause of his great admiration for
famous old Texas characters like
Crockett, Houston and Austin. If this
program is carried out the country is
assured what Horace Greeley would
have called some mighty interestin
reading
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1909-09-26
Where He Got OF.

Abingdon Kodak: A western edi-
tor has received the following letter:
please send me a few copies Of the
paper which had the obituary and the
verse about the death of my child a
week ago. Also publish the enclosed
clipping about my niece's marriage.
And | wish you would mention in
your local columns, If 1t doesn't cost
anything. that 1 have a couple OF bull
calves to SELL Send me couple Of
extra copies of the paper this week.
AS my subscription is out, please stop
my paper. Times are too hard to
waste money on a newspaper"
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1909-09-26

There is talk at Des Moines that
Former Senator Lambert of Sabula
will be appointed to succeed John t
Hamilton as the Democratic member
OF the state board of control AL
though not candidate, he was mucn
talked of for the place before Mr.
Hamilton was named. Former Sen
ator Robert Stirton OF Monticello and
Attorney Carr of Manchester are also
mentioned for the position All are
good men and would make satisfactory
officials.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1909-09-26

When Henry Wallace says there are
no pickerel in the Iowa river he makes
it evident to the Marshalltown Times
Republican that he hasn't been SEEMING
lately And when he praises the Ger
man carp as table fish and says he
couldn't tell the difference between a
fried black bass and fried carp, the
same paper says that he testifes to
old age and a failure of functions.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1909-09-26

One of the problems before the coun-
try at the present time is how to
keep boys on the farm. The Indianola
Herald suggests as solution that
the practice of sending farm boys to
the city high schools be discontinued.
At the same time, the country school.
1t is suggested, should be made as
good as the best city school. This
can be done only by paying wages
that will get the best teachers. The
Herald declares that the farmers of
Iowa are able to employ the best
teachers in the country and insists
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1909-09-26
Supervisor Brrnkman.

Montrose Journal: County Super.
visor Brinkman of Keokuk who has
been sick since July is improving
rapidly and expects to be looking after
county business in short time,
which will be good news to his asso.
ciates on the board, and all Of Lee
county. as he is one of the best super.
visors the county ever had.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1909-09-26

Another French army officer has
been killed as the result of an aero
plane test Foreigners of every ma
tionality should let aeroplanes severe
ly alone. Experience has demonstrate
ed that Americans are the only ones
who know how to operate them sue
cessfully.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1909-09-26

An authority in western univer-
sity declares that too much prosperity
allows students to buy motor cars and
tnat their studies suffer in conse-
quence. No che can deny that a
speeding car is conducive to fist
life.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1909-09-26
DAILY By MAIL.

DAILY By MAIL.
One year -. DOLL Four Months ...N.N
nix months $500. 16OlOne month =
Entered In Keokuk postofice ~ second
olAss matter.
Postage prepaid; terms in advance
All subscription orders should gi y. = tn =
y. o. address and state whether IL Is
now or renewal order. If change OF az.
dress ID desired. state both the OLD ana
new address
Remit by postoffice money order, q.
press money order. registered iette "
draft at our risk.
The date printed on the address OF eacn
oaper notes when the subscription e&
blres.
Subscribers failing to receive their pa
pers promptly will confer favor "
giving notice OF the fact
Address all communications 70
THE GATE CITY COMPAN !.
No. Ia North Sixth St.. Keokuk. loW@
THE GATE CITY is on sale at the fos
lowing news stands:
Hotel Keokuk. cor. Third and Johnson
Ward Bros, 525 Main street.
Depot News Stand.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1909-09-26

A large majority of Republicans in
this part of Iowa agree with the Des
Moines Capital that President Taft's
Winon, speech was the most whole
some doctrine many Republicans rave
heard in long time
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1909-09-26

Dr. Cook has been asked to sell the
use of his name to manufacturer Of
chewing gum. His fame may now be
regarded as secure.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1909-09-26

War may be what General Sherman
said it, is, but there is nothing in con-
nection with the military tournament
in progress in Des Moines to suggest
the fact
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1909-09-26
Some Extensive Scenery.

Extra Qowa) Journal: The grand
est scenery that ever could be seen
is this side of Denver on the Moffas
road. It took about eight years to
complete it at cost of $4,000, 900.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1909-09-26

Iowa falls are proverbially fine.
The present one is no exception to the
rule Iowa standpatters, in particul r,
are agreed that there simply couldn' t
be more delightful weather.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1909-09-26

Peary is yelling liar" again, which
leads Howard Purrell to say in para
graph in the Washington Pres, tn it
very tired Burrell is privileged to
say things that no one else would dare
utter
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1909-09-26

An eastern woman committed sui
eide upon learning that her neighbor
objected to her singing all day long.
Let it not be said hereafter that there
are no obliging women in this world
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1909-09-26

The corn crop in this latitude is
now safe, thanks to the efforts of the
country editors 1t was something of
a pull, but they landed it, all right.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1909-09-26
Minnesota still has a Scandinavian

for governor. Mr. Johnson's success
or is Lieutenant Governor Eberhart,
but his real name is Adolph Olson. II
seems that when he married there
were so many Adolph Olsons in his
home town that he was given legal
permission to adopt his wifes name,
which was Eberhart. You can't lose
the Swedes in Minnesota.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1909-09-26

The odds are in favor of DR.. Cook
and they are increasing right along.
His gentlemanly attitude throughout
has greatly helped his cause.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1909-09-26
keokuk, Iowa y. September 2e, 1909.

The frost is on the pumpkin. all
right, but mighty little fodder is in the
shock as yet.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1909-09-26

& Whine is the firm that runs the d.
vorce mills. So girls, be good to us
when we come indoors. There is only
fight with hard knocks out in the
world"
The Cedar Rapids Republican Is
sure no one will say that 1t is sin
to spend Sunday in the fields and the
woods. If the sun happens to shine.
Take the children with you, IL you are
so fortunate as to have children. 1t
will do them great deal of good and
1t will make them happy. Go into the
fields and woods every day you can
do 500
The Iowa City Citizen predicts that
the Presidents Winona speech will
go a long way toward promoting har-
monious and settled conditions.
There are good many Republicans"
it continues, who have not been able
to give close study to the intricacies
of the tariff question and who have
great confidence in President Taft.
With his assurance that the new tar
if law is worthy of support the agi-
tation against it will die out. Indeed,
1t was diminishing before this
speech"
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1909-09-26

Walter Wellman is coming home.
and it is a safe guess that he will
come up back street.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1909-09-26

There is really nothing remarkable
to the Des Moines Register and
Leader about Affinity Earle except the
way he manages to keep out of the
penitentiary.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1909-09-26

The Des Moines Capital says those
who are not for the Republican par
ty are against it.
The Cedar Falls Record says that
whatever different people may think
of the tariff they have not come to
the conclusion that Mr. Taft is a
coward.
There is really nothing remarkable
to the Des Moines Register and
Leader about Affinity Earle except the
way he manages to keep out of the
penitentiary.
The Iowa City Elks are planning a
monster dedication service for their
new headquarters The carpenter
work is completed and only the, dec
Grating remains unfinished
First the Merry Widow, then the
Jampot. and the Peachbasket, Now
the Cossack ooh. woman, In your
craze for frills, you keep us busy dodg-
ing BILLS" exclaims the Philadelphia
Star.
The Dubuque Times-Journal says
the central bank plan could not hurt
! the smaller banks If strictly followed
but they evidently fear possible modi
fications which would affect them in
juriously
1t has remained for the Dubuque
Times-Journal to suggest that the re
moval of Marengo's mayor for drunk
enness gives vitality to the doctrins
| that public Office precludes public
/ thirst.
The CEDAR Rapids Gazette declares
\ that he who says central bank would
/ be remedy for all financial ills doe.
not speak advisedly. Many OF us have
financial Ills that no central banl
could alleviate.
The Manson Democrat complain!
that appearances are often deceitful
When you see man going towards
the Central station with suit case
you never know whether he is goinj
away on visit or to garnum or For
Dodge for beer.
Father Collins gift OF $1,000 to tn
Y, w. c. A. at Fort Dodge may hav
no bearing on the outcome OF his d
vorce suit, but the Waterloo Reporte
suspects there will be lot of tn
good young sisters who will never be
lieve the allegation that he was sting
with his wife.
Some of the newspapers are discus
sing the question as to whether or nc
the automobile is a bar to HEAVIER
From q glance at the casualty list
is evident to the Creston Advertise
that the auto, instead of being a baj
freqently opens the gates of heave
or the other place to us poor mortals
Girls, this is for you," says Kan
sas editor. Never forget for singl
instant as long as you live that tn
men folks are continually on the A
ing line in this battle of life. Yo
little dream what blows they get an
what wounds they carry. Never ma
, man. Never whine at him. {
course, he doesn't wipe his feet, nc
hang up his clothes, nor put thing
away. nor shut doors and drawer
! Dear me, you didn't think you wei
marrying an old maid, did you? Ma
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1909-09-26

The Cedar Falls Record says that
whatever different people may think
of the tariff they have not come to
the conclusion that Mr.. Taft is a
coward.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1909-09-26

The Iowa City Elks are planning
monster dedication service for their
new headquarters The carpenter
work is completed and only the dec
Grating remains unfinished
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1909-09-26
NOTES AND COMMENT.
Now will the insurgents be good?''
demands the Indianola Herald

The Des Moines Capital says those
who are not for the Republican par
ty are against it.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1909-09-26

First the Merry Widow. then the
Jampot, and the Peachbasket, Now
the Cossack. ooh. woman, In your
craze for frills, you keep us busy dodg-
ing bills!" exclaims the Philadelphia
Star.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1909-09-26

It has remained for the Dubuque
Times-Journal to suggest that the re-
moval of Marengo's mayor for drunk
enness gives vitality to the doctrins
that public Office precludes public
thirst
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1909-09-26

The Dubuque Times-Journal says
the central bank plan could not hurt
the smaller banks If strictly followed,
but they evidently fear possible modi-
f1cations which would affect them in
juriously.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1909-09-26

The Cedar Rapids Gazette declares
that he who says central bank would
be remedy for all financial ills does
not speak advisedly. Many OF US have
financial Ills that no central bank
could alleviate.
The daily Gate City. [volume] (Keokuk, Iowa) 1855-1916, 1909-09-26

The Manson Democrat complains
that appearances are often deceitful
When you see man going towards
the Central station with a suit case,
you never know whether he is going
away on visit or to Barnum or Fort
Dodge for beer.
La correspondencia de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 1890-1943, 1909-06-07
HORRIBLE SUCESO
EN- YAUCO

En- el cuartel general dc la poll
cia insuiar Sc tuvo conocimiento
eli sabado dc los siguientes sucesos.
En- Gurabo, en- ia casa en- que
vive ell juez de paz de aque,ia ioca-
iidad, Sc produjo un conato de inccn-
dio que pudo ser sofocado i tempo
sin consccucncias pcrjudicialcs.
En- Yauco, eI icic del distrito
comunica que ha sido dctenido el
vecino Toto Torres por uitrajc a
una nina dc % meses de edad.
En- p. de terra, San Juan, ira
to de suicidarse injiriendo una fucr-
te dosis de iodo. Ia vccina Maria
Luisa Cruz. FuG auxiiiada opor-
tunamente y su estado cs de cuida-
do, pero Sc cree que Sc saivard.
La detcciirc dctuvo en- San Juan
a Miguel Cagiga, acusandoic de
portar armas prohibidas.
En- ei puesto de Ponce fuG deteni
do por la detcctirc Jose Garcia San
tiago acusado de abuse de confian;-
"a.
Fl primer jcfe lie la poiicfa sa-
Williams para Personals Palidas, cl
cspccffico de familia mas popular dc
los tlcmpos. I'm las boticas.
La correspondencia de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 1890-1943, 1909-06-07
En- eI teatTO anOehe,

Apesar de las repriscs de anocht
hubo regular coneurrencia en- ei mu.
uicipaI, y Ia Iris, Peral, Segarra y
Rutort, como Castillo, Riera, Cid
Llaudar6 y Boil obtuvieron nutri
d as paimadas por su buen trabajo.
La Iris en- Venus salon" iuci6 un
dtrezzo soberbio y en- elduo de los
"bebes" estuvo inimitabIe.
E n los paicos habla iindisimas da-
mas y dos Iuceros exquisite beiie-
"a y gracia, nuevas estreiias en- el
cielo femenino de San Juan, iucie-
ron su deiicada hermosura.
CarmeIita Benitez y Josefina vi
J ilafana, monisima triguena Y adora-
bic rubita Sc vieron en- Ia briiIante he
rradura del patio con senciiios pero
eiegantisimos trajes 'blanco y azui y
bianco-peria. en- union de Maria Gin
iron, Maria Vazquez, Gloria Pania-
qua, Was Coli, Caideron y Gutierrez
Las Cos Pnmeras mace POGO hegaron
de los Estadcs Unidos.
Entire las senoras lucieron eiegan-
tfsimos trajes la de Borda, Diaz-Na a
varro, Eizaburo, Cintron, Vazquez,
Travieso, Dominguez-de paso por
San Juan-y Aboy. >-.s
5Cuando hacen ell beneficio de Liza
urado?Para ei del viernes, de Cid,
promote resuitar un 6xito,. Habra
neno.
Remember.
La correspondencia de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 1890-1943, 1909-06-07

sAxEros
IHI4aTa Py
I'll Esss