davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1909-09-24
Hole and Garden Of Edsn.

symmes' Hole and Garden Of Eden.
The discovery of the north pole will
set at rest several odd and curious
theories. Perhaps the W most wide
~ known polar pipe dreams are
Symmes' hole aud the garden of Eden
theory. Captain Symmes was an on
Ger In the war of 1912 and u man OF
parts. His title to fame. however. 10
In his famous ''hole." He claimed
and attempted to prove that the earth
Is hollow, open at the poles and in
habited on the inside. He wrote
books and delivered lectures In sup
port of his theory and died flrm In
the faith. Yet a few months after
his death an expedition returned from
s. degrees south. not having found
any hole. and thus d%isproving the
Symmes statement that the concen.
trio rings leading into the earth be-
gin at that latitude. Prior to that
time. however. Captain Symmes had
gained worldwide %notoriety and some
converts. 1t is probable that n Of
Poe's tales and Bulwer Lytton's
Coming Race were both inspired
by him. although the idea was older
than Symmes. having been held by
the astronomer HALEY. for whom Hal
ley's comet was named; by Holberg, .
Norwegian scientist, and others. Cap
tain Symmes was the first, however.
to work the theory out in detail and
to present it seriously to the world.
The garden Of Eden theory has
never been so definitely formulated.
It Is based on the fact that the re
mains Of immense animals and luxu'
RANT vegetation have been found In
the arctic regions. Some scientists
hold that in the cooling Of the earth
life began at the poles. While PearJ
and Cook have not proved that tbs
garden of Eden could have ex.
listed at the north pole, they have Ut
least found present climatic condition.
on the top of the world not exactly
Eenic.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1909-09-24
Farm ara
Garden
IDEAS ABOUT HAY.
Increase In Yield and How to lmprov

Increase In Yisid and How to Improve
Crops.
The average yield Of hay in the
United States from 1865 to 1870 was
l.28 tons per acre. This yield was ex-
ceeded but three times during the forty
years from 1865 to 1905. The aver
age yield for the third five year period,
ending with 1880, was 100 tons; that
Of the seventh five year period was
LBS tons, and that for the last five
years was 1.47 tons per acre. The
average yield for the last period shows
an increase of O.19 ton over that for
the first period and an increase of OBJ
ton over the average yield for forty
years, which is 1.26 tons per acre.
The average yield per acre in the ten
leading timothy hay producing states
for forty years varies little from that
for the entire United States. There Is
a slight difference during the first
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1909-09-24
FINANCIAL AND INDUSTRIAL

The continuance of the Hartman
policies in the management of Union
Pacific, Southern Pacific and the chain
of allied railroads was made certain,
temporarily at least, when Robert s.
Lovett, E. H. Harriman's personal
counsel and friend, was elected to
succeed Mr., Hartman at the head of
the executive committee of the Union
Pacific railroad.
In a speech at the bankers con-
vention at Chicago James J.. Hill de-
clared that 'the idea that we feed the
world is being corrected and unless
we can increase the agricultural pop.
ulation and their product the question
of a source of food supply ut home
will o supersede the question of a
market for our W products abroad"
]. P. Morgan, Jr., has been elected
to the late E. H. Harriman's place on
the board of directors of the National
City bank of New York. BY Wall
street the election is regarded as in
dicating that harmonious relations ex-
list between the Morgan and the Kuhn
Loeb-Standard Oil groups of fnan-
ciers.
Bradstreet's Review of Trade says
a distinctly stronger uEdertone is dis
played in this weeks telegraphed
trade reports. Improvement in whole
sale and jobbing demand, enlargement
of industrial output and perceptible
gains in collections are the central
facts this week.
Bankers from every state in the
Union, together with representatives
of financial institutions in Cuba and
Hawaii. attended the thirty-fifth an
nnal convention of the American
Bankers association at Chicago.
The new Chicago Great Western
Railroad company has filed in the sec
rotary of states office at st. Paul a
mortgage of $75.090,0o0 upon the rail
road property.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1909-09-24
America to the Fore.


Americans have been accused OF
Boosting. but they have reasons for II
Nor have we observed any striking
modesty in other nations when they
have cause for self congratulation and
sometimes when they have not. One
of the most popular Of British ps
triotic airs. Rule Britannia" IS only
a boast set to music.
But America has reason for the
brag that is in her. especially IN 1909
The discovery Of the north pole. avfa.
ton prizes at Rheims and Brescia. tc
say nothing OF Orville Wrigbt's trt.
umphs at Berlin: the first battleshtE
cruise around the world. the discovery
that there ia no water vapor on Mars
the triumph Of American democratic
ideals in Turkey and elsewhere. all
these are a few of the accomplish
ments that should be credited to On.
Gle Sam in the first nine months OF
this wonder year.
They but follow other achievements
scientific and otherwise. which have
been credited to Yankee genius and
invention. Here is but q brief list
Franklin's discovery of the identity Of
lightning and electricity. the invention
of the steamboat. the invention Of the
telegraph. the invention Of the tele
phone, the invention Of the electric
light, the invention Of the reaper, the
invention Of the sewing machine. tbe
invention of the cotton gin, the die
covery of the use of ether az an On
aesthetic, Stanley's explorations in AZ
RIGA, the invention of the aeroplane By
the Wright brothers. the opening Of
Japan and. military. industrial and
commercial victories without number
We may he boastful. 1t is not a san
peculiar TO us alone. And how could
we help showing our appreciation d.
such a record:
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1909-09-24

twenty-five years. when the yield was
above that for the United States. The
yield during the last fifteen years was
nearly the same for both.
The feeding value Of hay. Is often
lowered when it is stacked out in the
open. Considerable hay is often en-
tirely spoiled SO that it is unfit for
feeding. The amount Of spoiled and
damaged hay depends upon the time
the stack stands and upon the method
Of stacking. In Virginia a six to eight
ton stack Of timothy hay. after it has
gone through the sweat. or. in three
or four weeks. will have from 800 to
600 pounds of damaged hay. Most of
this will be on the top and only a
small portion on the sides and the
bottom.
The market value of hay is frequent
" lowered because this stained hay is
worked into the bales. 1t may happen
that the spoiled hay will be no more
than a couple of handfuls, which
amount is really Insignificant, but the
inspector cannot tell how much the
bale contains, SO he is forced to grade
it one or two grades lower. This
causes quite a loss to those who sell
hay. In Iowa and surrounding states
considerable hay is stacked in the field.
and the loss due to stacking Is not
thought to be enough to warrant the
building of a barn for hay only.
The most important thing in deter
mining the value of hay is palatabil-
fty, for If it is not relished not enough
will be eaten to furnish much nour-
ishment to the animal. When hay is
exposed in the field too long in the
hot sun or is subject to rain its pal
atability will be lessened, which in
turn lowers its market and feeding
value. Low grade hay Is not as pal
atable nor does 1t contain as much
nourishment as the better grades.
In general there is little If any profit
in growing and selling low grade hay,
especially that made from the grasses,
for the loss OF fertilizing value or crop
producing power Of the land amounts
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1909-09-24

to more than the net profit after the
cost Of curing baling. ETC.. is deducted.
The price Of hay land is steadily rls-
ing In the tame hay section, and in
order to make a fair profit on the value
of the land 1t will be necessary for
the grower to practice the best meth
DDS Of culture, curing. baling and sell
ing. Before there can be any material
change in the quality Of hay sent to
the market It will be necessary for
farmers to learn the grades Of hay,
for it is impossible to grow choice hay
IL the producer does not know what
constitutes this grade.
Much Of the heavy work in loading
hay can be saved by using a hay
loader. Take pains to stack well.
Note the difference between the stacks
In the illustration.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1909-09-24
How Color Affect. Growth.

Color agriculture is the latest. Ca
mile Flammarion put seedlings of the
sensitive plant into four different
houses-an ordinary conservatory. a
blue house, an ordinary greenhouse and
a red house. After a few months
waiting he found the little plants In
the blue house practically just as he
had put them in. They seemingly had
fallen asleep and remained unchanged.
In the green glass house they had
grown more than in the ordinary glass
house. but they we're weedy and poor.
In the red house the seedlings had be-
come positive giants, we'll nourishcd
and well developed, fifteen times as
big as the normal plant. In the red
light the plant had become hyper.
sensitive. It was found that the blue
light retards the processes of decay
as well as those of growth.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1909-09-24
stiek 70 III Country.

Life IN a metropolis makes young
children sharp, but not clever. 1t often
destroys their chance of ever being
clever. for It hastens the development
Of the brain un~naturally; 1t makes
them superficial, alert, but not observ.
ant: excitable, but without n spark
Of enthusiasm. They are apt to grow
blase, dckle. discontented. They nee
more things than the country bred
child. but not such interesting things,
ana they do not properly see anything
for they have neither the time nor ca
,pacityStO getsat the root Of all the be.
wildering objects thsy crowd into their
littlsS nyses
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1909-09-24
DISCOVERY Of NORTH POLE

The only members of the Peary OK
petition to reach the pole were Com
mander Pcary and n Eskimo. Eging
Wah. The other white members Of
the various parties that left Cape Co
lumbia were sent back one by one as
Peary drew nearer daily to his objec.
tive. Matthew Henson and three Els
KINDS. the only other members of the
reduced party that made the final
dash. we're left one narch south Of
the pole.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1909-09-24
Seeds a Cent Apiece.

So o0000 u S0US VPu0S0s
Ginseng seeds are worth 1 cent
aplsoe, or from $50 to 500 a pound.
Dried root is worth 1925 a pound.
When first growing from the seed
the ginseng plants have two forks or
stalks and one leaf on each stalk. The
second year it adds another leaf on
each part, and the third year the plant
grows in three parts with three leaves
on each part. and this year a seed ball
forms.
This grows direct from the main
stalk Of the plant and from four to five
inches above the foliage. The aver
age plant produces from fifty to sixty
seeds and sometimes goes as high as
100 seeds. Wild plants yield better
than cultivated.
The fourth and fifth years n leaf
is added to each stalk. The fifth year
the plant is full grown. having three
forks and five leaves on each stalk.
1t grows from one to two feet in
height. sometimes as high as twen-
ty-seven inches. The leaves are broad
and fat. about four inches long and
two inches wide when full grown with
escalloped edges.
1t takes five years to grow the root
from seed. for market and eighteen
months to terminate the seed for
growth, There is more cultivated root
now on the market than wild. The
plants are found on high. dry land In
the woods and never In swampy
places.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1909-09-24
rillaas.

Probably no operation on the farm
pays 80 well on the Investment %
the extra tillage requisite to secure
ideal conditions. Clods repel the tiny
roots, and vacancies between carry
neither ready moisture nor food
Sometimes. especially in dry seasons.
the difference In Yield between q clod.
az soil and one open. mellow. with
available food easy TO reach and mos.
ture at will. approaches 100 per cent.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1909-09-24

Justice w. j. Gaynor seemed to
think that all the parties would nomt
nate him for mayor of New York, and
now It does not appear certain that
any party will do so. The conadins
disposition always did get the worst
Of 1t in politics.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1909-09-24

For her Hudson-Fulton celebratios
New York has two prize aviators and
two north pole ~discoverers. to say
nothing Of the ranking admirals Of the
British and German navies. This does
not entirely make up for the absence
Of her chief citizen in Africa. but
helps.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1909-09-24
THE BANNER FARM STATE.
Missouri Tracts Smaller, but In Num-
Der They Exeaed Others.

MAissouri Tracts Smaller, but In Num-
Der They Exceed Others.
Missouri has more farms than any
other state in the Union. Within her
borders r 2S4,SSG farms, which aver
age 120 acres to the farm. The i'm
proved land to each farm averages Is
acres, or G211a per cent. These figures
are based on the last census report.
According to the report Of the com-
merce and labor bureau, the farms Of
Missouri are worth $34.75 an acre.
Among the states of the middle west
Missouri has smaller farms than many
Of them. Ohio is an exception, where
$4,000 farms only average 50 acres
each. Illinois has 264,OOO farms of 1874
acres each. Iowa has 22S,OO0 farms
Of ISL acres each. Kansas has 10000
farms of 228 acres. In the United
States farms average 146 acres. but
only so per cent is improved land.
+. B. Mumford, professor Of animal
husbandry in the college Of agriculture
in the University of Missouri, has pre-,
pared some interesting facts about the
amount Of live stock there is on an
average Missouri farm. This Is con
sidered a great mule state, and yet
there are four times as many horses
as there are mules in Missouri. The
equipment as Professor Mumford
gives 1t is: Fifteen cattle, four horses,
mule. twenty-six hogs. five sheep
and a fraction of q goat.
Fully one-third Of the states popula-
tion depend directly or indirectly upon
animal products for their existence.
The income from animals and animal
products is $13O,OOO,OOO annually. Fiji
ty-five per cent of the farmers have
their principal income from live stock
in fact, more than $s0O.00O,O0O are
invested in farms, live stock and equip
ment for stock raising.
Missouri stands third in the middle
west as the state having the largest
number of renters on the farms. ILL.,
nois farms are titled by 81 per cent
owners and 80 per cent tenants. The
percentage of tenancy in Iowa is $40.
while Missouri has only three tenants
inaten farmers. which means that sew
en- farmers out of ten in Missouri do
not pay rent, but have the title Of their
farms resting in themselves. The per-
centage of tenancy in Ohio is 27.5, but
in Michigan 1t drops to 1919.
There is said to be a tenant on land
Of David Rankin, in the northwest
part Of the state, making as much as
$4,000 a year on rented land. Tenant
farming in Missouri as we'll as in all
the best agricultural states Is said to
beson the increase.
Missouri does not get 10 much return
from her lands per acre as do many of
the other states. According to the last
census report, the money made on each
acre Of improved land in Missouri was
$9.58 an acre. This Is much less than
in any of the best states surrounding
Missouri. The return per acre in Ohio
was $13.36; Michigan. $12.42; Illinois,
$12.4S; Iowa. 1922.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1909-09-24

UPTON Sinclair asserts that 81 per
cent Of our diseases are due to tbs
fact that we cook u foods. Blaming
1t on the woman. as usual!
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1909-09-24

The world is now awaiting the ned
scientific sensation. For cold bloodx
persons these savants do manage e
nut over q lot Of thrillers.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1909-09-24

The south pole is yet to be discover
ed. but as there are several mfllioa
Americans available for the job It can
not remain 10 hiding long.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1909-09-24

Poor DR.. Cook seems to have enere
ed from the frigId arctic regions only
to find it still colder In the rest Of H.
world.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1909-09-24

Beverly, Mass. the town of inter
mittent publicity. has now gone into
seclusion for a year.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1909-09-24

II the Cook. Peary controversy con.
tinues much longer 1t may become .
political issue.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1909-09-24
PUBLIC
AUCT|0NEER!

I am ready to cry your sale at
any time and any place. Write
me at Ruso, Mclean county, N. D.
COL. Z. MOE
Audubon County journal. (Exira, Iowa) 1884-1993, 1909-09-30
METHOD IN THEIR MADNESS
the Management of the
Church Bazaar.

A timid man unused to the methoda
employed in the management of a
church summer bazaar looked with dis
may upon the heap Of china frag.
ments that had been swept into one
corner of the room.
did all this stuff get broken here
tonight" he asked.
The pretty attendant at a nearby
booth assured him that it did
"Then how on earth do you make
any profit" he asked, eff so much OF
your stuff gets smashed?"
"Oh," said she candidly, cts the
smashing that counts. 1t is the funni.
est thing. but somehow everything
happens to get broken just at the
time when some person who is able
to buy gets through looking at it, and
as the guilty wretch feels that his
carelessness may have caused the &C.
cident he squares himself with his
conscience by paying about three
times as much as the thing was
worth. Wouldn't you like to look
She waved her hand above her own
table full of fragile bric-a-brac.
Not on your life!" said the timid
man, and he backed off to respect
full and safe distance.
Audubon County journal. (Exira, Iowa) 1884-1993, 1909-09-30
Obituary

Peter Isadore Drury was born Mar.
IA, 1s45, at st. Charles, Mo-, and died
near his home in Audubon Ia, Sept.
20, 1909. He came to Iowa in the
year 1869, and was married to Callie
lines at Winterest La. Oct. 25, 1873.
To this union were born four children
Lena and Frank Drury, Maize Gage
and Ava Snelbaker. He united with
the Presbyterian Church of Audubon
in 1902. Be was also member of the
order of Odd Fellows.
The deceased leaves to mourn his
death, Mrs. Drury, the four children,
q brother L. G. Drury of Hancock
Iowa and sister, Mrs. VIM. Coyse of
st. Louis, Mo.
The funeral service was held Friday
at the Presby terian Church.
Audubon County journal. (Exira, Iowa) 1884-1993, 1909-09-30
NOT ALL GOODNESS OF HEART
pullman Porter Had Good and suf.
flcient Reasons for His Prof
Y fered Services.

'sWhat numbah, LADY," asked the
pleasant looking porter of the won.
an who entered his Pullman an hour
prior to train time.
Upper 49," answered the mild pas
senger.
Upper 16!" The porter's exclama.
ton was almost shrek, and his yer
low face screwed itself into wrinkles
of concern.
IT know it's hard" sighed the wom-
an, as, with softening of her heart, she
felt that this nrenial was expressing
for her the indignation she would
have liked to voice herself.
II don't b'lieve this ca-ah's all sold
out like that" he scolded. "You just
have seat theah, lady, while goes
into the office; kin suah git you
something bettah!"
The world was not so bad after all
There was goodness in human ma
ture which exceeded her most Opt.
mistic dreams. For here was this
man, belonging to department Of
service not noted for its eagerness to
coddle patrons, taking such kindly
interest in her comfort.
The porter returned, with a lag In
his step and discouraged shake OF
his head.
Best we kin do, lady; got an aw.
full crowd comm on heah tonight"
We'll, it's too bad; but thank you,
just the same, for your trouble"
beamed the recipient of this unusual
attention.
"Ya-as'm, suah it's too bad!" NUT.
tered the porter, as he started for
the linen cupboard. II was goin' to
sleep in uppah 16 mahself!"-Puck.
Audubon County journal. (Exira, Iowa) 1884-1993, 1909-09-30
The TyrannicaI Husband

The tyrannical husband may be the
truest of lovers, but if he always in.
sists that the compromise shall be on
the blue, his wife will shed many
tears in secret. This good man seems
to think that four walls and roof
are enough of sphere to satisfy a
sensible woman, and he is amazed be-
yond words If his wife ever desires
anything outside them Should she
intimate a wish to go away for
visit of week or month, he raises
objections without number. Instinc-
lively the masculine mind is quick to
see the other side of any question pre-
sented, and can scarcely avoid raising
objections whenever a new course is
proposed. Men do not mean to be
wet blankets, yet wet blankets they
are in five cases out of six. When,
the despotic husband wraps the wet
blanket of his opposition around the
wishes of docile wife, there is an.
end of the matter. She will yield her
own position rather than have scene
or fuss.-Woman's Home Compan.
ion.
Audubon County journal. (Exira, Iowa) 1884-1993, 1909-09-30
Mrs. Eliza Allen-Smith

Miss Eliza Allen was born in Leba-
non County, Penn, March 26, 1920
and died at the home of her daughter
Mrs. Brooks at Stuart Iowa, Septem-
Der 10, 100, aged 80 years, 5 months and
% days. In 1888 she came west with
het parents to Putnam county, Ill.
where she was united in marriage
with John Smith in 1912. To this
union thirteen children were born
seven boys and six girls; seven having
preceded her and six still remaining.
In 1873, they and their family moved
to Stuart, Adair County, Iowa at
which place the husband and father
departed THE life in 1889. After his
death. she decided to make her home
with her children for fifteen years
past, she lived with her daughter,
Mrs. ]. J. Quinby of Ross.
Mrs. Smith was converted to the
Christian faith early in life and united
with the Methodist Church in which
faith she continued until her death.
She was an old lady ola kindly
disposition and lovely Christian
character. Because of this she had q
host Of friends to whom she was
greatly attached. She was devoted
follower of the Master and her last
words were those of prayer. Mrs.
Smith leaves to mourn her death six
children, twenty-five grand. children
forty-nine great-grandchildren, and
three great-great-grand.c children. The
funeral service was conducted on Sun
day, Sept. 10, 'ea by Rev. Miller, pas
tor of the M. E. Church and the body
was laid to rest beside her husband in
the ce metery at Stuart Iowa.
Audubon County journal. (Exira, Iowa) 1884-1993, 1909-09-30
Not MusicaIIy Inclined.

Herr Goldmark, the composer, who
was said to love the children of his
brain with truly fatherly affection.
and never to lose an opportunity of
seeing how they were treated, was
once travelling to hear a performance
of his opera, "The Queen of sheba."
and in the train got into converse.
ton with lady, in whom he became
much interested. He longed to make
himself known to his fair companion
and at last ventured to say: 81 sup.
pose, madam, you do not know who
ann" mo, sir, do not" replied
the lady. well. then, l am Carl
Goldmark, the composer of The
Queen of Sheba.'" ooh, indeed!" was
the lady's reply. "and is that very
good situation?"