davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1909-03-02
VALUE OF PLANT FOOD.
Action Of the Different Elements on
the Growth of Plants.

The farmer sometimes finds 1t
rather hard to keep in mind the exact
functions of the various plant food ele-
ments, with respect to the growth of
the plant. Until he has gotten the
thing pretty well studied out the unfa-
miliar names tend to mix him up more
or less. While we have given space
to the explanation Of the matter be-
fore, the following remarks by Prof. A.
d. Hall of Rothamsted, England, on
the subject will be both Of value and
interest to our readers:
The results Of nitrogen are seen at
once in the greener and more album
dant leaf; 1t makes the whole plant
go ahead, and the farmer is apt to
think more of nitrogen than of phos-
phorus and potash because he may
have to wait till harvest and actually
weigh the product to see their results.
Nitrogen increases the Negative parts
OF the plant and an excess of it tends
to make the plant go on growing too
long and defers the production Of
flower and seed; it puts off the ripen-
ing. Excessive nitrogen has doubled
duced the per cent. of wheat gyain
from 81 down to 48 per cent. The
more nitrogen in the soil the more wa
ter and less sugar in the beet.
An excess of nitrogen makes the
plant more susceptible to disease, es-
pecially fungus disease. Mangolds, at
ROthamsted, are swept every year
with fungus diseases, while three feet
away are perfectly sound, healthful
beets. The infection is alike in both
places, but it takes" only on the
plots having an excess of nitrogen.
The diseased plants are seen torn,
shriveled and rotten. Wheat fields
get rusty and weeds are widowed on
high nitrogen land
Phosphoric acid applied to the soil
hurries on the production of flowers
and seed, the ripening of the grain.
Right now it is making difference of
ten days in the appearance of the bar
ley grain. Phosphorus is of enormous
value in pushing the crop on to ripe
ness. 1t is also an extraordinary slim
ulant to the formation of roots and of
side shoots. This is a certain fact.
1t is the special action of potash to
aid the plant in making carbohydrates,
sugar and starch. This process can
not go forward unless potash is
present; to increase this process in
crease the potash. Beet yields at
Rothamsted have been more than
doubled by the addition of potash.
Each of the three fertilizers has a
specific effect and should be applied
according to the specific needs of the
crop.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1909-03-02
THE FARM STOCK.

The supply of good horses is not
now equal to the demand.
Breed with some definite end in
view, and never cross after you start
for that end. Use pure breeds.
Fatten the undesirable sheep and
turn them into money. This apnlies
to other stock Also
1t Is best to have small separate
stalls for each calf. When two o,.
more are together they often get in
the habit of sucking one another's
ears ana other parts of the BODY
which is an injurious habit.
There is strong and growing sen
'lment against stored eggs. Let If
grow! Fresh eggs are the only eogs
hit to be used. When stored eggs yo
there will be room for million more
OF hens on the farms of this country
Speed the day.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1909-03-02
Builds Up a Soil.

Alfalfa is said by experts to be the
greatst plant known for the building
up Of cropworn soils. In Nebraska
this crop is looked upon as one Of the
mainstays. Alfalfa gathers the nitro
gen from the air and puts it back into
the soil from which it will be drawn
when that land is used for grain grow
ing. Some men hold that this is the
best forerunner OF the corn crop, some
even going SO far as to say that to pre-
cede corn with alfalfa is even more
important than selecting seed corn.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1909-03-02

Six professors of the State College
OF Agriculture are making tour
through the farming regions of Penn
sylvania on special educational
train furnished by big railroad
company. The trip combines instruc-
ton through lectures and object les
sons In the shape Of all sorts Of up-to-
date equipment for farm work, carried
on the train. One Of various objects
In view 10 encouraging the cultivation
OF alfalfa, the hardy grass which is Pc
culiarly valued as a hay producer.
There are also suggestions for increas-
Ing the output of dairy products, the
care of live stock and other matters of
practical moment. AS the people flock
to the train. view the exhibits and lis
ten with deep interest to the lectures
1t is apparent that they are quite will
Ing to pick up hints that may be valu-
able In their business.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1909-03-02
Low DOWN WAGON.
One Farmer Tells Of His Experience
with One.

| have been using a handy wagon
for about two years, writes CORE
spondent of Orange Judd Farmer. The
height of front steel wheels is "a
inches and rear wheels 40 inches,
with tires five inches wide and one
half inch thick. For field work, such
as husking corn, hauling grain in
sheaves, etc, this wagon is a great
advantage. The wheels being of steel
it will not break down, as the tires
cannot run off, which is often the case
with wooden wheels.
The draft Is lighter, as it will not
cut into the soil and being low down
it is easier loading. For road use.
when hard and dry and free Of ruts,
which is most generally the case with
roads in Nebraska, the draft is the
same as highwheel, narrow-tire
wagon, but right after a rain, when
the top Is muddy and hard under
meath the draft is heavier, although
when deep ruts are cut by narrow
tires the wide wheels will have to
smooth them down.
Wagons with wheels lower than be-
fore mentioned are not advisable for
general farm use, as they cannot be
used for dumping grain in an elevator
also when hauling sheaves on dry.
rough stubble, and the draft is consid-
erably heavier, and the swinging and
Earring Of the tongue often gives the
horses a sore neck
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1909-03-02
Government Help In Fighting Fire.

Government Help In Fighting Fire.
The methods of preventing forest
fires employed by the service are sim
pie and depend for their efficacy main
1y upon eternal vigilance. The areas
included In the boundaries of the re-
serves are constantly patrolled by a
force OF rangers and guards. During
the past summer the men thus en-
ployed numbered about thirteen hun
dred. The average, area that each was
required TO protect was more than a
hundred and twenty thousand acres,
says the Craftsman. The forester rea-
Lies that this Is too much ground for
one man to cover properly, but con
gress has not made the funds available
for the employment OF larger force.
Roads and trails are constructed In
order to facilitate rapid travel from
one part OF the reserve to another and
to expedite the massing OF large num-
bers, as well as to furnish vantage
points from which to conduct the fight
connect rangers stations with head
quarters In order that fires may be
quickly reported and prompt measures
adopted to extinguish them. During
the last fiscal year 100 miles OF road,
SO miles OF trail and $500 miles OF tel
ephone line were constructed in the
national forests. The officers of the
service now receive the most ready as
sistance from persons living In the
vicinity OF the reserves, and especially
from stockmen and others who use the
forests under permits. The latter are
required by the terms of the agree
ment for grazing or numbering to ex-
tend all possible assistance In case of
fire; the former are beginning to APP
preciate the fact that the forests are
the property Of the people and that
any daTcse~ inflicted upon them must
entail a loss to the people at large and
most directly to the local residents
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1909-03-02

The wife of Gerhart Hauptmann-
Margaret Observation-Disclosures her mar
riage to the dramatist was for a long
time popular member OF the Lobe
theater at Breslau. She has now gone
on the stage for the second time. but
not as an actress. At a recent con-
cert given by the Verein der Musk.
freunde at Hirschberg Frau Haupt-
mann played Grieg composition,
showing that she Is an accomplished
viOlinist.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1909-03-02
Runs Over Snow Easily.

runner. Cut an arc of a circle in the
top and middle of the board with a
radius the same as that of the wheel
barrow wheel, leaving one inch of
the material between the periphery
and the bottom edge of the board
Place the wheel in the part cut out
and nail cleat on each side as shown
in the sketch taken from Popular
Mechanics. Cover the under edge
and rounded ends of the board with a
piece of old tire iron
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1909-03-02
Dogs az Suicides.

According to M. Camille Flam-
marion, the eminent astronomer and
psychologist, 1t is possible for dogs to
commit suicide. We ourselves have
heard Of such things aud take more or
less stock in them, but M. Flammarion
believes that dogs suffer from grief
and despair ard kill themselves like
human beings. His remarks were oc-
casioned by the alleged suicide OF a
Saint Bernard dog who threw himself
under a motor bus In the Place Saint
Sulpice recently, an hour after the
death OF his mistress. He argues that
the dog may be assumed to have
known as well as a human being that
a motor bus would crush him to death,
and when he got in front of its wheels
he probably did SO as the quickest
way to end his grief at his mistress
demise. M. Flammarion cites other in
stances which have come under his
notice OF dogs committing suicide, and
concludes that the stories are not so
incredible as they seem at first sight,
and adds that dogs may have even Dor
rowed the instinct from man. But hav-
Ing given dogs credit for memory and
intense affection, says the Boston Her
aid. why doubt their capacity for men,
tai suffering? Maeterlinck. another OBJ
server OF dogs, has given them souls,
as well as memory and affections
Many = dog has died of grief even II
he did not commit suicide.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1909-03-02
Z = %!Stq@oe l:lIG
/ N E6
Nt79s 4 =. + ...-.,-.s<szISe sss's
FOR BETTER COWS.
Five Points In Developing a Dairy
Herd from Common Stock.

There are five essential points that
COWS for the development of a dairy
herd from common stock. First, look
for a COW with a large long and ca
pacious barrel, open and rather widely
spaced in the ribs, which should spring
well downward. Second, look for evil
dences of refinement as seen in head
inclining to long, a neck long and slim,
crops somewhat sharp, and limbs in
clining to fine. Third, look for the
present evidences of good milk-giylng
capacity. Fourth, look for evidences
of stamina as indicated by good width
through the lower part of the chest,
by an active carriage and a bright, full
eye. Fifth, prefer the COW that has a
nice, soft-handling hide and silky coat.
Choose sires from that dairy breed
which may be preferred, suggests the
Farmers Voice The straight dairy
breeds that stand in the front in this
country are the Holstein, Ayrshire,
Guernsey and Jersey, named probably
in order of relative size. The Dutch
belted cattle, not very numerous, are
much like the Holstein. The choice
being made, don't change the breed
from which the sire is chosen, and ex-
ercise great care in choosing.
The individual points of good
dairy sire cannot be given in detail
here, but two of these will be men
toned. because they are in sense in
dispensable. The first is the evidences
of much stamina and bodily vigor. The
second is an amplitude of soft skin on
the under line in front of the testicles,
distinctly traceable milk veins and
miniature teats of good size and wide
spacing.
The performance of the ancestry of
the bull should be examined. The
more good performers in the upward
line of his ancestry, the better. Good
performance on the part of ancestral
dams means the giving of large quanti-
ties of milk. rich in quality and per-
sistence in milk giving for long
period.
The successive sires should be
chosen from the same breed. II
| chosen from another breed disturbing
factors are chosen. This may not be
apparent at the first, but it will be
later. By adhering to the same line
of breeding. the improvement should
be rapid and continuous, at least for
several generations but the improve
ment will be less noticeable with each
succeeding generation.
No matter what the line of breeding.
where high standard in dairy quail
ties is to be reached and maintained
there must be culling and discarding
with every generation. Evidences of
physical inferiority are sometimes so
apparent at birth that the decision to
discard such specimens may be made
forthwith. AS soon as it is known that
the animals fall below the standard.
the eye should not pity nor the hand
spare.
Every man Will, of course, set his
own standard If he fails to set a
standard he is not likely to reach high
attainment in his work Breeds differ
in their capacity to produce milk,
hence high grades of these will also
differ. With no breed of dairy cattle
or their grades, however, should the
standard be set at less than 5000
pounds of milk a year.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1909-03-02

A decision of the board of genera,
appraisers in custom case is that a
typewriter signature is legal. 1t will
be long time, probably, before type
written signatures on checks are &C.
cepted by the banks, but the habit of
afixing an illegal signature, written
with a pen. to an ordinary typewriter
letter. not involving contract of any
kind. might happily fall into general
disuse.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1909-03-02

The recognition of God in nature is a
distinctly religious subject The Greek
fathers were wont to lay great stress on the
glorles of nature as revelation of God.
"The wider our contemplation of creation.
the grander will be our conception Of
God" This was the teaching of st. Cvril
and st. Basil 1t is no mark of spirituality
to disparage the world in which we live.
Rather we are called on to promote the
glory OF God" But how can man promote
Gods glory? A moments consideration
IS sufficient to show us, as Bishop Westcott
once pointed out, that we cannot promote
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1909-03-02
Scours.

Scours are caused by overfedinp
irregular feeding, cold milk. and nm.
clean pals. When a case OF scours
occurs, at once reduce the amount of
feed and mix with the warm milk n
fresh egg. Keep the sick animal quiet
dry and warm.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1909-03-02
Promise of Hob Prices.

High-priced corn is working just as
it always does in forcing cattle out of
the market. Now is a good time for
every man to hold fast to every crea-
ture he can possibly winter Next
spring will see some prices that will
make ones hair stand on end.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1909-03-02

practical receptacle which may be
made Of scantling of any size. The
roof should be hinged so that the
coal may be put in at the top, and the
floor should be made the necessary
slant so it will empty itself. The
doorway should be hinged and the
trough wide enough to admit of the
use of shovel.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1909-03-02

and hold this horse between his knees
suggests the Farm and Home. but a
better plan is to fasten it to a hoard
10 inches or two feet long and eight to
ten inches wide BY sitting on the
board you will hold the horse very
firmly.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1909-03-02

them can be made
from two barrel
slaves. Cut them
in two in the mid
die and fasten
them securely to
a four-inch block
at the bottom. One
can sit on a chair
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1909-03-02
Reco6-
milton of
God in
Nature


His glory the adding earthly ponenae whose
honor be increased by the gifts and
king of all the earth, of things visible and invisible.
and the valleys His
How then promote Gods glory? Not by adding
impossible but by acknowledging it. by displaying by rejecting
In the spiritual world Christ the the Fathers
glory and reflects Chrss likeness exhibits in his
daily life the mind of Christ far is he promoting glory
the ra world the heavens declare the glory armament
showeth ms andwork and far that glory
he sympathy with studies revereny enables
Others to see in it the of the Creator
so far is he promoting the glory of God.
AS St Anthony green book of created
things Or think nncvely of of Assist the
sweetest and oabe of all the His poem Song
OF the Creatures overlooking with that God
has made lie called all living things his brothers
that numberless legends have gathered
wild creatures of the hare which had
escaped from the of the hunter took refuge the
His little the BIRDS would not to in
terrupt the preaching of the Unlike
Martin Luther the gentle enthusiast St Fran
sympathy with the world He
ciay loved birds and flowers these are Gods Bibles
Tha little fellow, he said pointing robin going
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1909-03-02
A WHEELBARROW RUNNER.
Makes the Use of Barrow in Snow an
Easy Task.

Secure a board as thick as the
heelbarrow-abOut six inches wide
and three feet long. Round each end
of the board in the shape of a sled
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1909-03-02
Morality
and Art
Ideals in
REGARD to the
Two Differ
By PROF. HENRY SIDGWICK.

Morality and art sometimes appear the pro-
verbal 'two of trade that cannot agree; and in
speaking of art | mean only work worthy of the
name, and do not include the mere misuse of techn-
cal gifts for the qualification of base appetites.
Both art and morality have an ideal, and the
aim in both is to apprehend and exhibit the
ideal in reality that does not conform to or express
it adequately. But the ideals are not the same and
it is just where they most nearly coincide, in dealing
with human life and character, that some conflict
is apt to arise.
Morality aims at graduating and aboishing
evil, especially moral evil; Whereas the esthetc con-
temptation of life recognizes as an element neces-
sary to vivid and full interest
The opposition attains its sharpest edge in mod
ern realistic art and literature But II is hu no
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1909-03-02
HANDY COAL BIN.
The slant'ng Floor Makes It Easy to
Get the Coal Out.

The accompanying Illustration taken
from Prairie Farmer shows a really
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1909-03-02

EZXzzzzZz vivid and full interest.
The opposition attains its sharpest edge mod
realistic art and literature But it by no
confined works of this school, The old the
real hero of Paradise Lost epgmmac exaggeaon;
certainly quite Indispensable the of the poem
nifcent inconsistency with which Milton his devil
shows that he felt this
If the description and Eve in the Mtonan paradise is NOT
dull 1T because know that the devil his
the placid innocent life to be favored by the anticipated
trast
Thus estheticay speaking the admire
satisfaction must find the existence
element OF the whole artistic constructions
clash somewhat with moral attitude evil
do not think that this opposition altogether
root lies deep the OF things compelled
it. 1t represents unsoyed problem of philosophy continually
forces itself the front the
The general convinced moral evil is es
entia to that highest human life which highest thing we know in
the world of And he convinced that the world
with all its evil somehow good the manifestation of
ideal goodness.
The ann OF art and of the effort to append
the latter of these convictions have place along
with moral effort ideal tremendously
strongly based If would must endeavor to make
the moods the eset and ethical sentiment we cannot
quite harmonic them
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1909-03-02
MEND THE OLD HARNESSES.
Handy Stitch Horse Made Out of Bar
rel Slaves.

A very handy stitch horse for hold
ing leather and blankets while sewing
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1909-03-02

What would the French courts do
without American heiresses?
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1909-03-02

roost mas chosen his shelter, and IS quietly rocking
himself to Sleep without for to-morrows lodg-
ing calmly holding to his little twig, and leaving
God to think for him. We might well say, Dear Sir
Doctor, wish had learnt thy art of trusfulness"
The Protestant Luther and the Catholic St Francis
would alike have reechoed the teaching of the modern
poet:
He prayeth well who
Both and beast
He oveth best
All things both md small:
For the dear Lord us
he made loveth
The San Francisco call., 1909-11-14
CRUSHED TO DEATH
BY SHAFT CAVfIN
Well Digger at Allendale Loses
Life When Caught Under
Avalanche of Earth

FRUITVALE. Nov. 13.-Arthur Tux
bury, a resident Of Allendale, was
buried alive this morning by the cav
ing in OF a mass of earth from the sides
OF a well shaft in which he was work
ing on the property of Peter Stara-
rinck, in Maybelle street, Allendale.
The accident occurred at 10 o'clock,
but it was not until evening that the
body was recovered.
Tuxbury had been sinking the shaft
in company with Charles Adams. AS
soon as the cavein occurred Adams,
who was not caught, rushed for help.
Neighbors responded, but it was i'm
possible TO get at the buried man in
time to save his life. The shaft was
nearly so feet deep and Tuxbury was
at the bottom of it when he was
crushed beneath the avalanche of earth
which broke away from the sides
: The rescuers worked with spades and
shovels as rapidly as hands could move
to get to the victim. Their efforts
were hopeless, for the earth was piled
16 feet high upon the body. Tuxbury
was literally crushed to death.
Tuxbury leaves a wife and children.
He lived in Franklin street, Allendale.
He was secretary of the Westall inn
provement club.
The San Francisco call., 1909-11-14
HUSBAND" TURNS
OUT TO Be WOMAN
Oakland Court Secretly Annuls
Marriage of Alice Bush
and r. K. Morgan
Supposed Man Makes No AM
swer Nor Defense TO
the Suit
[Seeeiol Dispatch 10 The Cain

Especial Dispatch 10 The Call
OAKLAND. Nov 1s.-with all the
secrecy possible under the law su-
perior Judge Murphey yesterday ant
ernoon annulled marriage between
Alice Bush.. wife. of this city. and r.
K. Morgan. husband, on the remark
able ground that the defendant, Nor
gan, is a woman.
When or where the strange mar
riage took place does not appear in
the complaint filed in the action. 1t
simply AYERS that it didstake place and
that Alice Bush went through the
ceremony under the belief that she
was being welded to a man. The
complaint goes on to say that she
afterward discovered that R. r. Nor
gan was a woman.
The defendant filed an answer TO the
complaint, admitting the truth of all
the allegations and authorizing the
clerk of the court to accept service of
all papers connected with the case.
own attorney. She was never seen in
court. and her identity and where
abouts are unknown.
The same secrecy that attended the
filing of the papers and the granting
of the decree is maintained by all
connected with the case.
The suit entitled alice Bush against
r. X Morgan; complaint to declare
contract void" was filed August 3 of
this year by knight & Webster, attor-
neys of San Francisco. Upon their mo-
ton, it was placed on the secret file
by Superior Judge Waste. Since then
Judge Waste has been ill and Judge
Murphey came from Mono county to
sit in his place.
The only papers filed were the COM
plant and the answer with a few or
ders of continuance. Alice Bush, the
plaintiff, woman of about 40 years,
appeared in court yesterday afternoon
with her attorney. and her testimony
was heard by Judge Murphey. There
were no other witnesses. The Ala
media county records show no issuance
of marriage license to the parties to
the suit.
The only woman named Alice Bush
than Oakland knows is DR.. Alice Bush,
woman physician, with offices in the
Union savings bank building, Thir-
teenth street and Broadway.
Her attendant said today that Doc
tor Bush had gone out of town this
afternoon and. that her return was
indefinite At Doctor Bush's residence,
1o4 Laguna street, at Adams point
no response was given to calls this
evening Doctor Bush has been in
Oakland for a number of years.