davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1909-04-10

station March 20, and Relief Light
Vessel No &c, temporarily marking
the station, was then withdrawn.
No change has been made in Light
Vessel No. 40 as 20 the characteris-
tics of her lights, fog signals, or
general appearance.
HUMBOLDT BAY ENTRANCE,
CAL. - Notice Is hereby given that
South lefty Outer End Buoy 2, u
red. 1st-class spar. placed about $50
feet w by n of the submerged end
of the South Jetty. entrance to Hum
boldt Bay, California. ~ reported
adrift March 80. II will be replaced
as soon as practicable.
BLUNTS REEF, CAL. - Notice is
hereby given that Blunts Reef Light
Vessel No. SO will be replaced by
Relief Light Vessel No. 76 about
April 20, 1909. The change will be
temporary. The relief light vessel
will show lights and sound signals
having the same characteristics as
those of Light Vessel No. SO, now on
the station, excepting that each or
the two lights will be shown from
the three lens lanterns encircling the
mastheads at height or i6 feet
above the water and visible 9 miles
In clear weather.
Relief Light Vessel No. 7G Is n
lush-deck steam vessel, has two
nasts' schooner rugged no bowsprit'
oiack sinokestach' ana steam
"h'S''e between the hias's, Dut au-
iers from hisht Vessel NO 81 IN nav
ing all visible parts from the DOW
10 tne middle OF the loremast. ana
from tne iDiddie OF the maihmast
ART painted req; all visible parts De-
tween the lore ana main masts' IN
ciudihg the middle third OF each IAN
tern mast white. The daymarks at
the mastheads nave hve vertical
on the springstay, midway between
the two masts, there Is an ovel day
mark with one white and two rod
vertical stripes. The number re
Is In white on each bow and each
quarter, and In black on each side
OF the springstay daymark. The
word RELIEF is painted in large
black letters on the middle of each
side.
Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1909-04-10

Blank books of all sorts, ledgers
etc, manufactured by the Bulletin
Publishing Company.
Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1909-04-10

= BULLETIN Ans PAY ~
Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1909-04-10

THE MAUNA KEA, arriving this
morning from Hilo via Maui ports,
brought as her cargo the following:
horse. bag coin, IL empty carboys, 40
cords wood, 81 hides, 8 barrels rum, 30
empty kegs. bags ava, cases chick
ems, ~ cases celery, IS packages veg.
etables, rs bags potatoes, 1l5 bags
taro, 100 packages smdrles.
Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1909-04-10

HUMBOLDT BAY ENTRANCE,
CAL. - Notice is hereby given that
South lefty Outer End Buoy 2. a
red. 1st-class spar. placed about $50
feet w by n of the submerged end
OF the South Jetty. entrance to Hum
boldt Bay, California. 10 reported
adrift March 80. 1t will be replaced
as soon as practicable.
Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1909-04-10
NO JURY FOR CALHOUN

SAN FRANCISCO, April 9The twelfth Calhoun
challenge.
Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1909-04-10
OIL CLOSES DEFENSE

ST. LOUIS, Mo-. April 9.-The defense has conclut
In the suit OF the Government TO dissolve the standard
The Cairo bulletin. (Cairo, Ill.) 1???-1928, 1909-03-07
John p.'s simple Tastes.

Mr. Rockefeller is democratic in. all
his habits and tastes In cold weather
he wears paper waistcoat, o. he be.
lieves thar paper more than anything
else viii keep the chest and stomach
warm, He also wears old fashioned
wooden gloves, and when he is seen
outdoors on a Winters day he looks
more like an old Yankee farmer than
the richest man in the world. He also
takes great care OF his stomach. and
always did When he IS at work on
any pulling problem he cats spar.
ingly. aud recently. when downtown
at his desk in No. % Broadway. he
would eat nothing more than Is
cent meal This is not so much for
economy. however. as for the good of
his health. and many will admit that
Mr.. Rockefeller pursnes the proper
course in abstai2ing from heavy
meals
The Cairo bulletin. (Cairo, Ill.) 1???-1928, 1909-03-07
Briqht as the Fire.

t When Crewe hall was burning. the
late Lord Crewe, father of the present
earl displayed a humorous equanimity
which St James Budget deems wor
thy of preservation in print.
When the historic mansion. with its
works Of art, rare manuscripts, armor
and other treasures. was blazing away
Lord crewe ordered a footman ia
place table on the lawn. and bring
him an inkstand and some telegraph
forms. He then sat down and com.
posedly wrote this telegram to Street
the Royal Academician:
Dear Street. Crewe is banning:
come and build it mp again"
To his sister he sent another mes
sage by wire:
~ You always used to say this was a
cold house, you wouldn't say so If you
could see 1t noW."-Youth's Com,
panion.
The Cairo bulletin. (Cairo, Ill.) 1???-1928, 1909-03-07
MEASURE OF TRUE GREATNESS.
Success Never TO Be Counted In Piles
Of Dollars.

What an unfortunate thing that the
idea should BE dlened into the ear OF
youth eyerywher6 chat it issa disgrace
to fail-that is. 70 fail 10 make money,
to accumulate PROPERTY.
II is not disgrace TO fail; but it is
disgrace not to do ones level best
to succeed Not failure, but low aim
is crime"
Multitudes Of poor people today
who are not known outside of their
own little communities are really
great successes when measured by all
that makes true greatness-their
heroic cndeayors. their brave battle
for years with obstacles. playing 4
losing game with heroism Their
great, patieace ana wonderful selfcon-
troll under the criticism of those who
do not understand them are evidence
that they have succeeded. The pos
session OF noble character is the
greatest evidence in the world that
one has succeeded.
On the other hand, if a man has
gotten a fortune, but has left his man
hood on the way TO It; IL he has bar
tered his COED name in the process of
getting It, he Is still a failure no mat
ter how much -aoney he may. have
accumulated.
! "A clean record is the greatest kind
of a success. And how few men who
make sbis fortunes mauase to save
their good name. to keep their record
clean Success Magazine
The Cairo bulletin. (Cairo, Ill.) 1???-1928, 1909-03-07
Biography.

Anthony ComStock whose activity
in connection with the work of the
New York Society for the Suppression
Of Vice has made his name a familiar
one throughout the country. was horlt
March T. 1914, in Canaan. Com and
was educated in the schools OF his
native town. He served with the u ~.
enteen'h Connecticut Volunteers
through tho civil War and at its close
he took mp his residence in New YORK
city. During his long career as re
former Mr. Comstock is said To hava
made more than four thousand ar,
rests and seized more than one hun.
dred and ten tons of Objectionable lit-
eratufe and contraband matter
The Cairo bulletin. (Cairo, Ill.) 1???-1928, 1909-03-07
WfNFI fg.N III

PIES servants to decide Is 'Wh r.
can this money be.gottea?" and kay-
! ing decidTi. WHARF, i can lie gotten
lawfully, bis their duty TO go the e
aud gel ~ That r the honest rn.l
the manly thing TO do. If any alder
man can suggest any way, or any
place, to get this money lawfully,
ccpt from licenses, and prinCiaa y.
from salcon licenses aud wholesale
LIQUOR house licenses, le him POI {
II out hut let him not stand in The
way e the citys great necessities or
the plea thar he docs not lie 1, 10
what the law aud circumstances dc.
clare to be his plain duty 10 the peo-
pie OF Cairo.
The Cairo bulletin. (Cairo, Ill.) 1???-1928, 1909-03-07

Tie terms. censurcd legislation thu
purpose of WHICH. was to promote mo-
noP6fiss and 5itny the constitutional
right of citizens 10 follow any ordt
nAfys Calling untramncled. aud he i
FIAT a man earning his living by his
Drawn, muscle and the sweat of his
own brow, by doing Rlumbins work
was not engaged in the plumbing bus
mess within the statute.
The Cairo bulletin. (Cairo, Ill.) 1???-1928, 1909-03-07
hthIetic ArIstocracN.

The italian and Austro- Hungarian
newspapers are full Of accounts of a
remarkable society cycle race in
which Countess Ilona Bethlen beat
the beautiful and athletic Princess
Letitia, Duchess q Austa. a fervent de
voice of the wheel as well as Signora
Barato. the most famous professional
woman cyclist in Italy. The latter. It
is. said. was promised $1,000 by a vel
kn9Nu firm Of cvciist manufacturers
provided she came in first Signora
Baratos however. was beaten by both
, her Titled rivals. The winner Of the
rao6' vas. of course, the youngest a
the ladies'. She is the daushter Of tbe
well-hnown Count Andreas Bethlen.
The Cairo bulletin. (Cairo, Ill.) 1???-1928, 1909-03-07

The concluding sentence Of Rev
Father Gillen's communication to thf
Bulletin some days ago was High
minded physicians leave a class o.
loat5some diseases TO the scavengers
of their, profession" Some one who
did not approve of this made reply,
in conversation with friends: 1t
seems presnmptuous for a priest to
place himself above Christ who did
not refuse to cure the lepers.t This
wos brought to the notice oof Father
Gillen who smiled good-naturedly as
he replied Eyes, Christ cured the
lepers; he did not whtewash' them.
The Cairo bulletin. (Cairo, Ill.) 1???-1928, 1909-03-07

The Bulletin asnires to be mercy
a servant Of the neople. Just as arc
the gentlemen of the city council. 1t
doe. not presume to be more favored
than, they. or wiser than they, CT
more patriotic than they: and it is
in this spirit it would advise with
them regarding the saloon license or
ssIfffsifce. now pending before them. II
seems clear that any ordinance OF
this kind passed now will he a bar
to the passing of any similar ordi
nance. in the near future-it viii
mean that real. sensible. business
ike. revenue ordinance viii he out OF
the question The ordnance referred
to ie in no sense a revenue ordinance
II was drawn from the wrong point
Of view-not from the point of view
Of the people and their needs, which
crght to he the only point of view
from which representatives of t1e
people should consider such a meas
ure The people need an increase OF
raverue to The amount of At least
SIS COO annually-they must have it.
II thef are to have a decent public
service. The question for the peo-
The Cairo bulletin. (Cairo, Ill.) 1???-1928, 1909-03-07

Again at yesterdays Merchants
Luncheon the question of patronizing
home business men and manufac.
turers was ably discussed. and two
important facts have been apparent
through all that has been IA:
First--many of the business men in
whose behalf the complaint Is made
that Cairoites do not patronize them
are themselves guilty of what they
complain about in others. viz: Cairo
wholesalers 10 not all patronize
Cairo manufacturers; Cairo retailers
do not all patronize Cairo wholesalers,
and Cairo consumers do not an
ratronize Cairo retailers. The other
remarks by Hon. Reed Green at the
Commercial club meeting, viz: the
manufacturers. wholesalers and re-
tailers of Cairo do not try hard
enough, If at all, to get the business
that lies right at their doors. What
Mr. Green said about the pe1ple of
the county applies with almost equal
force to the people of the city in the
eases of many of those who complain
that they are not getting the bust.
ness which they think they ought to
set from their home people The
way to get business is TO go after it.
either personally, through the mails
or through the newspapers. aud this
applies just as strongly to getting
the business Of the people at home
as II does to getting the business Of
The people in the adjoining states.
The Cairo bulletin. (Cairo, Ill.) 1???-1928, 1909-03-07
UNsUNa HEROES OF THE DEEP
Life-Savers Succeed OF Fail Without
the Applause Of the World.

The life-sa is never a demonstra-
tive fellow and rarely communicative;
also, he lacks imagination. You can
argue with Capt Jim by the hour that
his life is hazardous one and of ex-
eeeding interest 10 those engaged in
more peaceful pursuits. but in vain.
Only the details of his daily duties,
which are many aud arduous. seem to
-AR1eal 70. him; the romantic side, the
perilous side, he sees. pot at all. He
viii talk by the hpur of lifeebtioys and
sitfe ,tireg7or nighislgpals and wireless
>teisgraphy. of sesrchlahts lasd motor
'1ifeboats; but of himself. who is the
life and power of it all, nothing says
the Circle Magazine
The government report is the sole
history of our unpretending heroes
~ peace, and a very dry history 1t is.
OF nearly 10000 wrecks and rescues.
not a word is printed. save a bare
record of the time, place, lives and
property saved.
In every instance a small band Of
men went out 70 mortal struggle.
sometimes right up 10 the verge Of
death. A few went over the verge, Sc
simply and quie5Iy hat their names
remain unhonored apd upsung They
battled alone. far gvafy irent towns
and cities .sad the applause of watch
ing crowds
The Cairo bulletin. (Cairo, Ill.) 1???-1928, 1909-03-07
Law -
is Law
There Cannot Be an
Unconstitutional
III IlE Law
by JOHN #. GETTING.
Editor of the AmvrisSss Cltu'nai Reporter.

In sound reasoning, there cannot be an unconsti-
utonal law. law is authoritative rule, governing
directing or limiting the actions of mankind That
which is not authoritative andboMratre is not law.
The constitution of the United States is the SUI
preme law of the nation. The constitution Of each
state, in conjunction with the federal constitutions is
TIE supreme law of that state, for. emanates from
the people themselves, in their original and sovereign
capacity.
legislative assembly, whether national or state
depends for its existence and power on its charter
The Cairo bulletin. (Cairo, Ill.) 1???-1928, 1909-03-07
January Circulation.

The above is a correct statement of
the CIRCULATION of The Cairo Bulletin
January. 1909.
CLYDE SULLIVAN,
Business Manager
Subscribed and sworn to before me
this Ord day of February, 1909
LEO j. KLEB.
Notary Public.-
The Cairo bulletin. (Cairo, Ill.) 1???-1928, 1909-03-07
CIRCULATION STATEMENT.

Average number OF complete
and perfect copies of the
Cairo Bulletin printed daily
and Sunday during the year
1893 - .... .2os4
Average numeber of complete
ami perfect copies of The
Cairo Bulletin printed daily
and Sunday during the month
of January 1903 .......... Pap
The Cairo bulletin. (Cairo, Ill.) 1???-1928, 1909-03-07
Are
Old
Maids
Selfish?
By AGNES A. N. ROWE.

So deemed be old mas-a of oppobrm being upon
them for remaining single! Now is said to be her best
bachelor and single lady, Yet reflects bachelor
because a unmarried Why then, cast dced the
Women surely have aanuca tight single if they
do men? More !eondng they SUPPOSED to ne the weaker
sew wohan posissn hundred times worse than s
she happens be unucEy her selection of partner for life Ought
she therefore be careful in her selection of husband chary
of rgnng her of single bnes and submitting the require
of lord and master.'
NATURALLY there many why remain single Some
do choice having desire change their mode of life which, if
dull quiet eyes many least removed from the turmoil
troubles and Of her married sister How old maid has
the unhappy around her. thanked her lucky that
she has escaped a similar fate! " '' =
1t discrcdit marry fact all the
praise due her that she fight the battle of life alone Many of
to-day nosts lady
DOCTORS nurses; every position Intellectual life represented by
single who credit and adomment to the profession their
adoption. '
Is there anything opprobrious them in this single besseness?
the that instead of being, they
termed old maids such happy and
peaceful lot life enabled to do much real
good? being selfish they work the benefit
others; having leisure less calls upon their purse and time, than
4hsFlp tfssE maryed sisters. a.. ..
The old maids life necessarily ly unhappy one; it is
dss i,sqcnd snd n,y on What as herself rne chooses to
ba ihenfo make uo happy and peaceful Her time her
own hef is no child worry about, and please
herself comfortably whether she lives country entertain
largely her friends and relatives, and best of all devote of
good And what of good such
accomplish old maid in the Of many but in her
intimate circle how she is loved and reyerd!
1t is The unmarried both brothers and
for consolation and
she sais fs:foredt willing helper and sympahzer, and
and love Ter how much she the
loving nfrvs nec-y whom aune viewed second mother
tho delight and ov pos those children
uuo them ever vet she they contemplate change
they like it SO does place of that other love She
has either rejected missed ap9 eikqr happy their different
% How often noyagss the desped old maidhpd
ing her with the Sfed and respected by them while
% cases c is the real sister mercy minstcrng angel often to
e poor the sick needy deong her life far possible to
belping those p acton hlpy placed as herself
, - Surely sfh a vsdaan cannot have lived in vanl
The Cairo bulletin. (Cairo, Ill.) 1???-1928, 1909-03-07

II is announced that Paautah has
raissds .her quarantine against Cairo,
Mound CITY AMI Mounds, and . tha
Bleer-eyed Beotblack remarks: why
is a .'aducah quarantine when 1t
works? Becarse the longer the
foolsher"
The Cairo bulletin. (Cairo, Ill.) 1???-1928, 1909-03-07

N.ei2hhor ii a W
kins. as he leaned
against the fence
and W a { c h cd
Frank lIassler
working in his
iris bed. ITS the
finest thing going
in the summer
time when the
thermometer ! $
trying to overflow
tho tube. My wife
wouldn't take a
lot for her's-l
made II out OF an
old trunk, some
a 5 b q S tos a II d
hay.
Maybe l will"
agreed lIassler,
examining a lily
bulb.
Mike. the man
of-all h e | p, Ii $
tened attentively,
b Ut k e pit h i 5
peace.
Neighbor lIaw
kins went into the
house and Mike
returned with a.
second load Of
rich loan.
"Oi wouldn't do
Ii" said h a I
worthy. s h o V g /
ing industriously
Wouldn't do |
?" a S k e d !
The Cairo bulletin. (Cairo, Ill.) 1???-1928, 1909-03-07

Il don't like marble statues said
the fluffy Young thing. They always
look rs if they had cataract or : ne
thing Of that kind he mast,i k1ih
their eyes.''
The Cairo bulletin. (Cairo, Ill.) 1???-1928, 1909-03-07

TODAY IN HISTORY |
sssssss.ssssxxsssssIsssy1s
March T.

lS55-The law excluding from The
California courts negro aud In
dian evidence amended by ad
ding Chinese.
1862 Generals Mccullough aud Nc
Intosh killed IN the battle 81
Pea Ridge, Arb.
1879 Princess Alexandra of Danma =
arrived in England to ebecoihe
the bride of the Prince Ct
Wales
1S76-Alphonso Taft Of Ohio appoint
ed Secretary of War
Traffc suspended in Colorado
by snow blockade.
The Cairo bulletin. (Cairo, Ill.) 1???-1928, 1909-03-07

The Bulletin is on sale at the fol
lowing places:
CoIeman's, 2t4 Eighth Street.
Halliday House News Stand.
Blue Front Restaurant.
The Cairo bulletin. (Cairo, Ill.) 1???-1928, 1909-03-07
q q %
he Knows.

There are some people who Just won't
Ike the local editor. no matter what his
religion. politics w standing may be.
They have made up their minds that ihey
sre not going 20 Ike Sim and that settles
it Tler- IS another class lord pity their
poor little sur.yeIed - soBlsl who have
feurei if out that the editor is a bow
down sort n p rfss and not nc for them
~ associate with. and az to visiting the
editor family, they couldn't for mo
msut think NJ such n thing. Try as hard
as We may, We cannot overcome these
IALeesncel1gd notions Of some people But
We know a Few fT1rEs VIZ arT1-r VIM
likes vas. and who don't. We know who
appreciates the work We are TRYING to do.
and Nho don't we know who encourages
and helps us, and who backbjtes and
throws stumbling blocks in our way. We
kaou who charitably overloolts our short
cum-ngs, and who bittesiy criticises US
lot them-iD gact We know lots Of things
that sve have nsyer told. and perhaps
reyer viii and We know some people
Vln ought 'a b. mighty glad 81 it,
Lakewood ~ Mex Progress
The Cairo bulletin. (Cairo, Ill.) 1???-1928, 1909-03-07
G O @
For Instance.

An Oklahoma man died and his will
disposing of $4,000, was found nailed
to the bottom OF Washtub He had
quarreled with his only daughter and
presumably thought this would be a
good place to hide the will from her.
\. B.-lt was found by the hired girl
r = z
Walter Damrosch declares that
music is the cause OF much home un-
happiness. Damrosch is right Once
Il lived in fat under a man who was
trying to learn 10 play the bass viol
Il z
Being famous doesn't amount TO
much, but to be loved, before and
after death, is The greatest victory OF
man.
The Cairo bulletin. (Cairo, Ill.) 1???-1928, 1909-03-07
Our PIeakanf Vices

hegods are just. and of our pleasant
vices make instruments 10 plague US
Shakespeare.
The Cairo bulletin. (Cairo, Ill.) 1???-1928, 1909-03-07

Privilege taxes on Labor.-Tbe Mi
sissipm Code provides a privilege tax
on each individual, firm or corp7ra-
ton rlojng a plumbing bushes in nan
inequalities Of a certain population
Nilby. a iaumber. performing his p,yn
labor hiring TO assistants. did plumb.
ing work for a barber While go -
gaged the sheriff demanded of him a
privilege tax. On his refusal 10 ma
3 2 =AA-as..ln'ltote'i ter carrying on a
plumbing hrs ines without paving tFa
tax. In Wildly vs.. State. q Southwest
ern Reporter, 4G5, the Supreme conr.
or Mississippi. in Enthusiastically q ~
The Cairo bulletin. (Cairo, Ill.) 1???-1928, 1909-03-07
LEGAL DECISIONS
ssssssss.ss.sss.sssgsss..s

Admisssbiity of Telephone Comn,u.
nioation.-Scyerar men having taken
potations. IRON three gallon whisky
vessel too freely, two Of Them became
engaged in an alteration During the
strife. enc Of them was stabbed and
died quickly. * Some one giving The
name of appellant called up a doctor
telling him that the man slain necdf 4
attention, and added thar he had stab
bed him Thereafter appellant told
some one else that he had called uu
the doctor 1t appeared that no Other
comunication had been received hv
the doctor relative to this affair. In
Chapman VI Commonwealth II2 Snufb.
western Reporter $50. appellant con.
tended that this conversation oy,r
the telephone was inadmissible tn.
Court of Appeals Of Kentucky rrlr
tlSt there was sufficient cyidcrr, ?,
admit the conversation.
The Cairo bulletin. (Cairo, Ill.) 1???-1928, 1909-03-07

To this question, the verdict of the ma
jority of people nowadays is decidedly
No" The world is recognizing the fact
that many Of its cleverest women elect to
remain spinsters in spite of various offers
of marriage Why the term s2instcr
should contindi'aoibs s44eai IN .faisIc
women, few people can adequate Tplain
The derivation 81 the word il ffoBg enc WHO
spins-a maiden; but how many maidens
Of the present generation spin, or, indeed,
ever saw a spinning wheel?
Then, again, women until recently, il
The Cairo bulletin. (Cairo, Ill.) 1???-1928, 1909-03-07

ItdSsier, looking up from his Work.
"Oi wouldn't make yer wife one o.
thin tireless cookers. They're a
fraud, sir, fraud
Why, is that so?" Intercepted the
man of the house. looking quizzically
at Mike What makes You think so?"
"Oi know it,, says Mike. knocking
the ash from his pipe and pointing the
stem iNpressiyely at Hlssler 'Oi
know it t be a fact. Mrs. Anderson
hez one, sir--and ye know worked
there last summer
Yes
she hez one that cost a lot OF
money first-class one, b glory. an
wan day OF just fought I'd try it
and so l took off tn lid and put ME
hand down into tn stove
Seq l to mesilf. 1t don't stand t.
reason that We kin cook without a fire
an b gravy. Oi'll see fer meself.'
{ And-d'ye believe me. Mr.. Hassler.
tn stove was that cold as tn day IT
was cast! Divil a bit O. heat amy
where"
rs that so?" replied Hasser trying
10 hide his face in the iris bed. is
that So"
"Yis, sor, divil a bit o heat!"
. . o
Who Cares?
Who cares for snow? Oh. | don't
know. like TO wander in the vale
when all the earth is hid from sight
with diamond prisms. pure and white
! like TO mould the snowball's sphere.
and paste it in some fellows cart r
loYs 70 track the rabbit back to brush
heaps hidden Id the snow to scare him
out with crunching boot and see the
pesky rascal scootl ! would not hurt
the little squirt. All harmless Is my
joyous quest, quite free from rancor
is my fun. | like to see the duffer
run!
The Cairo bulletin. (Cairo, Ill.) 1???-1928, 1909-03-07

laws, and the necessity Of
introducing into our com
mon schools the study of
both our national and
state constitutions.