davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1909-12-14
DISCUSS CITY PLANS
Erperts address Municipal
Art Society.

Sylvester Baxter. secretary and treasurer
OF the Metropolitan Improvement Lssgue OF
Boston. made an address OH achievements
and Ideals in city Planning" with lantern
slide illustrations. at the meeting last night
OF the Municipal Arr Society.
City planning" said Mr.. Baxter. has
only In recent years developed into an art.
a science. In America. with few sxcep-
tons. there are no property planned cities
They are debauchezi with rectsnguiartty.
Tho rectilinear principle Ia proper for
level site. but n should De varied with
changes In direction OF streets and In width
Chicago has already done msgniicently
In many things. She has set fine ex-
ample in parks. Fairgrounds and bOuie-
wards. has studied a great new out park
system. AMI Is comprehensively planning
for vast environment. The scheme for
a lakefront lagoon Is delightful and wholly
practicable.
What our cities need Is planning % the
Homemade sort. native. true 10 conditions
Of site and expressing local character and
conveniences-
Edward r. Boynton. president OF the
American Real Estate Company. spoke on
The Development OF Tie Bronx Along
Artistic Lines" He said
The population OF The Bronx IN 1890 vas
5000. and IT is estimated that az the pres
ent rate Of growth the borough will have a
population OF 100000 by 19o0.
About thirty thousand families found
homes in The Bronx last year. The Bronx
has had its greatest growth since the open
ing Of the subway. which is already over
crowded. and the borough Is sadly IN need
OF additional transit facilities.
The American Real Estate Company be-
came an active factor in the development
of The Bronx ten years ago. We set aside
a whole city block for park purposes. and
We maintain this park at our own expense
for the free use OF tenants in our buildings.
IL has proved great success. and We feel
confident that much more can be done In
the future"
New-York tribune., 1909-12-14
GEMS NOT FOUND.
Police IN Dark OUer Reported
$500 900 RObberu.

The reported theft OF jewelry valued at
10000 from the apartments Of Mrs John
William Jenkins formerly OF Chicago at
her home In the Hotel Lorraine, Ith street
and Fifth avenue, either bafied the police
yesterday or they were inclined TO place
little credence in the story Mrs Jenkins
has an apartment on the eighth floor Of
the Lorraine. where she has lived since
July l. when she and her husband arrived
here from Chicago. On November Mr.
Jenkins sailed for Europe
The robbery is said 10 have occurred som.
time on Saturday afternoon. II was not
discovered until go o'clock that evening.
when IL was reported 70 a private detective
agency Later II Is said the city police
force was called In to assist in running
down the robbers.
Mrs. Jenkins left the hotel at 5 O'Clock
Saturday afternoon In her automobile,
leaving Miss Russell alone IN the apart
ment- Miss Russell went out Of the apart
ments twice during the time Mrs Jenkins
was absent, and when the owner of the
jewelry returned. at $50 o'clock. she found
everything in disorder. Every bureau
drawer had been opened and the black
Jewel case. in which Mrs Jenkins had kept
the gems. was lying on the floor. but when
opened it was found to be empty
Among the most valuable pieces OF lew
elry said 10 have been taken by III. rob
hers was a diamond necklace which had
only been delivered 20 Mrs. Jenkins a few
hours previously by a messenger from a
large jewelry firm She had selected the
stones with great care. there being eighteen
diamonds OF unusual size and perfectly
matched Mrs. Jenkins placed this neck
lace with the rest OF her jewery, in a
strong box which she. had in her bedroom
She had been using this strong box for
some months. although previously she had
kept all her jewels IN the hotel safe.
The police are inclined to the belief that
the person entering Mrs. Jenkins's apart
ments did so with a pass key. since there
are no signs OF the doors or windows hav-
ing been forced They also think il possi-
Bile that the robbery was the work OF ex-
perts from Chicago. who followed Mrs.
jenkins and her husband from that city.
That several persons are concerned IN the
big theft Is believed by the private de-
tectives, who think that while the rooms
were being searched accom- plices were sta
toned throughout the hotel prepared TO
give warning
New-York tribune., 1909-12-14
MRS. SUSANNA JUDD.

Mrs. Susanna Judd, widow OF the Rev.
DR.. Orrin Bishop Judd. died on Saturday
from pneumonia at the home OF her son.
Orrin r Judd. No. % Hart street. Brook
lyn- She was horn on the Isle OF Wight
in 1si9. Her father was Captain Francis
Reynolds, Of the British navy. She was
brought up by her cousin. Lady Jane Frs
kline. and Robert Blckersteth, afterward
Bishop OF Ripon- She came 20 America
after her marriage. and In 1891 left the
Church of England TO become a Baptist.
For fifteen years she president OF the
Women's Aid Society of the Central Bap-
tist Church. Williamsburg. and was for
many years assistant superintendent OF the
Sunday school She was a member or the
board OF managers of the Brooklyn Bap-
tist Home and was prominent in other
branches OF church work. She made her
home for many years at No. 70 Keap street.
She leaves. besides the son at whose home
she died. another son. the Rev. Archibald
Maclay Judd of Spencertown. y. Y. and
five grandchildren
New-York tribune., 1909-12-14
PHIPPS HOME SOLD.
Magnificent Pittsburg Estate
Passes 1uith .4rt Treasures.
TBy Telegraph 20 tn. rrfb..ue


Pittsburg. Dec. 13-Iawrence C.
Phipps. the Pittsburg millionaire. who
has lived in Denver since the end OF III.
civorce case which separated him from
his wife. Genevieve Chandler Phipps.
sold his Pittsburg home to-day 10 Wal
ter r. Fraser for S1.f5O.0Oo.
The house. one OF the finest In the city.
has not been occupied by the Phippses
for number Of years. or since the d.
vorce case. IL has been kept open. how
aver. in charge ~ a retinue Of servants
Mr.. Phipps sold the twelve acres OF
ground which surrounds II, the furnish
ihgs, the statuary in the gardens and
pieces OF art collected from all over the
world Two OF the eight bathrooms are
gold plated. The doors of the Moorish
room were taken from Turkish harern
The fountain was brought here from
Italy. and the government collected
S2.4Oo in duty on f. Mr.. Phipps has
given this to the Carnegie Museum.
New-York tribune., 1909-12-14
CHOOSE COURTHOUSE SITE.
Brooklyn Justices TO Ask City 20 Bur
Block Near Borough Hall.

The Justices Of the Supreme Court.
Brooklyn. met in the chambers az the
County Courthouse yesterday afternoon
and decided 10 ask the city 10 purchas.
for their new courthouse the site selected
a few weeks ago. The site is an eutir.
block. bounded by Clinton street. sidney
Place. Livingston and State streets The
block can be purchased for about $50 osa
and is the cheapest in the vicinity OF Bor-
ough Hall available for the purpose
When the justices originally settled On
this site and got the permission OF the
Board OF Estimate and Apportionn,ent 70
take possession Of it. ,hs dweners In the
block stirred up so much opposition that
the justices determined to reconsider their
move
Since then the Bar Association has ad-
vOcated the choice Of site near Borough
Hail. whereup0n the justices returned 70
their first selection. Justice Dickey. chair
man of the committee 10 select a site. said
last night ne believed the new courthouse
would be erected within two years.
New-York tribune., 1909-12-14
JOSEPH PLATT HOWARD.

Joseph Platt Howard. senior member of
the firm OF Howard & Co, jewellers. of Fifth
avenue. died suddenly late Sunday evening.
Mr.. Howard was born in Amherst, Mass.
iE 1882 He came TO Brooklyn when
child. and started 20 learn the manufactur-
ing jewelry trade at the age Of fourteen.
After working for several different firms he
went 10 Tiffany & Co. I'm 1856, and rose
from a minor Job 70 an important place.
He afterward formed the firm OF Howard
& Co. who started IN business in 1855, az
the corner Of Broadway and Houston street,
and was aftervard the first 1eweller 10 move
up on Fifth avenue. He was the dean Of
the jewelry trade. being the oldest man in
fl. Mr.. Howard leaves five children, three
sons and two daughters.
New-York tribune., 1909-12-14
ACADEMY OF MUSIC.
st. Elmo

- E.mc. good oid-fashioned drama.
ss enacted last night AT the Academy Of
mpsic. Vaughan CHASER and his road com
pahy did fhe acting The play was adapted
~ Willard HolooInbe from Mrs. Augusta
hfsnt Wilson's novel Of the same name.
10 acting vas only moderately good. ana
t'e siase management was bin crude, but
mere Was certain charm about The piece
's'ause NJ reminded one of the class oi
bAts 'hai used 10 be seen az the 0ne-nisht
"has years agO-'Cncle Toms Cabin" OF
''heph FFocfor's ''Nick 81 the Woods"
Iier, nocy knows tie story Of 81. Elmo,
s young Southern aristOcrat VINO lost his
i@iih n man ard woman because Of the
"fschery a. the woman whom he V2s %
H'arrF and o. the man who Vas has best
.'"no. One remembers The duel that foi-
"Ned and the bitterness that lasted
.|'ergh tiis sesrs, and hts nnal reoemp-
non through the love OF Edna Earle. the
--'e harffoot siri Who saved -. tiH"
- o. the day ~ the duel. The pizy f'i-
~ ths book IN 20 Tar ~ the amits OF
s'.nat.zator WI permit.
'oe piece ia fi ed with eavesdroYpinE irAi
New-York tribune., 1909-12-14
WHAT is GOING ON TO-DAY.

Free admission to the Metropolitan Museur,
- AZ. the American Museum - Natural
History and the geological Garden.
Meeting - the Daughters ot The Confed o.
eracy. Hotel Astor. 10 80 =.
,r..,irr % the National Commercial Gas As
ISOLATION. Hotel Astor 1 p
Meeting or the Urban Club. home Of Mrs
andrew J. Perry. No 30 First Place
Brooklyn. afternoon
Meeting OF the society for Political study.
Hotei Astor. p m-
Ladies reception cornr1ernoratins the thirtieth
80 West ioth street. $50 ,. m.
Meeting Of the N.w York Auxiliary in the in
terest Of the McAll Mission in France
Madison square church House Third
Avenue and 3Gth street. $50 p. ma
Meeting of the woman's Republican Club.
Waldorf A. Astoriss , y. "a.
Dinner for william Randolph Hearst by his
friends. Hotel Astor. evening.
u.ettnr Of the Automobile club Of America
30 2sT West saith street evening.
Annual dinner of the Dartmouth Alumni As,
sociation of New York. Hotel Astor. :
p.
e,,noert Of ;hs wom-n's Philharmonic Society.
Hotel Astor, 10 . m
Meeting of the Round Table. chapel Of Teach
ers CoLege. West l=oth street : 30 D IA
I.ubiusteiu cub concert. Waldorf Astoria.
s.3e D. m
Ire. lectures ~ the Board Of Education 6
g. m. Wadleigh Hgh school iI4th
street and S-senth avenue. Corporations
and Their Securities Br Walter y
CLARK. Public school y. Mott snd Spring
sfr.-ts The Evolution Of the North
American Continent" George A Brown.
Publfc school 30, no. "a East ssth
stretf s-Fosds." Dr- Jerome walker
Plbifc Sehoul 80 AN street and Firsi
Avenue The Petroleum Industry" En-
berson y Proper, Public School l60 Au-
dubon avenue and l6sth street The
N.lrinE Of a statue" }. Scott Harley
siuseum u Natural History. 1sth street
and t-@nfrnl Park West. The city ~
washington" George y. Cross Public
ffbr..rs No los West 13sth street Mo
BANNED and Mohsmmedanism.' DR.. Isya
Faseph. St Cornellus's Church. No. <23
u~rf 4ath street The Canadian Rork-
tesp Benjamin 8. comsIock.
New-York tribune., 1909-12-14
OBITUARY NOTES.

p ". B. DEAR. a millionaire con-
tractor and mining man. died in Superior.
Wis. SUNDAY. He was until recently presi-
dent Of the Butte -Balablava Copper Com
pany.
CHARLES p. WITHINGTON, inventor
Of the first automatic grain binder. and
known as the father Of the grain binding
industry" died Sunday in Jsnesville, Wis.
He was born in Middlebury now ASron).
Ohio, in 1880.
HOBART NJ. CABLE, president Of the
Hobart NJ Gable Piano Company, died In
Chicago Sunday He Was buried az his Old
home in Walton. y. Y, yesterday. Mr..
Gable was born IN 1S40.
WILLIAM L. SEAI4ON. former warden
Of the Michigan state prison. and credited
with being the originator Of the system
or giving convicts credit for good time,
Is dead AT his home. in Jackson He was
eighty-six years old.
New-York tribune., 1909-12-14
SECOND PEOPLES SYMPHONY.

In spite OF the bad weather Cooper Union
was well filled last night at the second con-
cert OF the Peoples symphony Auxiliary
Club. The concert was given by the Kneisel
Quartet. assisted by Mrs Thomas Taper,
pianist. and August kalkhof, double bass.
The soloist was Sigismund Stojowski. who
played a group Of piano soil. representing
the classical period, by Haydn. Mozart and
Beethoven. The orchestral numbers were
Beethoven's quartet in c minor and Schu-
bert's auintet in major. for piano. violin,
viola, violoncello and double bass. The
audience showed its appreciation Of the
programme by warm applause.
New-York tribune., 1909-12-14
GENERAL J. S. EASEMENT.

Painesville, Ohio. Dee. 13.-General
James :. Easement. railroad constructor.
philanthropist and a trustee OF Lake Erie
College. died from pneumonia here to-day
General Easement. veteran Of the
Civil War. laid the original rails OF the
Big -Four and the Lake Shore roads. built
the Union Pacific Railroad as far as Chey-
enne, constructed the Nickel Plate from
Cleveland TO Buffalo and built a railroad
line in Costa Rica for the government
few years ago
He vas a member of the Electoral College
which completed the election Of William
II Taft
New-York tribune., 1909-12-14
WILL SOON NAME MANY PRIESTS
Mr.. o'Connor About Ready 20 Provide
List for Unknown Proselyter.

The Rev. James A. O'Connor. OF Christ's
Mission. No. S31 West 57th street. said last
night that he would be ready In few days
to give the names and addresses OF three
OF four thousand Catholic priests 70 the
unknown man who. II was announced re-
Gently, had decided 20 spend 81 .ooo0oo IN
teaching and advertising evangelism.
Knowing that the Rev. Mr.. OCOnnor had
formerly been a priest and was acquainted
with the Catholic Church. the Rev. DIT. A
c. Dixon. OF the Moody Church. Chicago,
recently asked him for the names and ad-
dresses OF priests on behalf OF the unknown
man. whose plans and policies he holds in
trust.
New-York tribune., 1909-12-14
NEW sHUsERT PLAY.
IBy Telesraph TO The Tribune.

bN leleErapn To The Tribune
Stamford, Conn. Dec. 5--Thc Shuberts
produced al the Alhambra Theatre tonight
for the FIRST time a new play. entitled Mrs
Dakon," by Kate Jordan. In the cast
were Lsurerte Taylor. Dorothy Darr. Rob
ert Warwick and Ann Warrington. The
story is that OF a conflict between a step
mother and a stepdaUghter for the love
Of the same man. The play was we'll re-
ceived by = large audience. Mrs. Dakon"
goes from here 10 the Hackett Theatre for
q series o. matinee performances. begin
nirE Tuesday
New-York tribune., 1909-12-14
SUES JUDGE AND WRITER.
Colorado Ex-Speaker Says He Was
Slandered by Lindsey and o Higgins.

Denver. Dec. NV. C. Smith. former
Speaker OF the Colorado House Of Rep
resentatives, brought suit to-day for $50
on damages each against Judge 3. Il.
Lindsey. Of Denver. and Harvey II. o OHig
gins. a magazine writer
smith alleges defamation OF character in
a series OF magazine articles. The arti-
cies, which are described 10 be a history
OF inside politics in Denver. We're prepared
by Mr.. O'Higgins II is alleged out OF ma
terial obtained from Judge Lindsey. of the
Denver Juvenile Court
New-York tribune., 1909-12-14
GENERAL DOMINGO VAsouEZ

Washington. Dec. 13--GeneraI Domingo
vasquez. former President Of Honduras and
one OF the most prominent men OF that
country, died in Honduras on December 3.
according 10 a cable dispatch received to-
day by DR.. Luis Lazo, the Honduran Min
lister. The Honduran government accorded
the dead ex-President all official honors.
General Vasquez visited New York last
wear. and had lived for a time in the
United States and Europe
New-York tribune., 1909-12-14
MISS CLARK in MUSICAL PLAY.

IBy Telegraph TO The Tribgne.l
Rochester. Dec. 13-The performance ot
The King OF Cadonia." the Schuberts'
new musical play, here tonight al the Ma
tional Theatre marked the return 10 nusi-
cal comedy OF Miss Marguerite Clark. who
now has the part % the Princess. Others
IN the cast are Robert Dempster. as Alexis
the King, and Miss Zelda Sears. as the
Duchess of Alasis. This was Miss Sears's
first appearances I'm musical comedy Will
lam Norris continues as the Duke OF
ALASKA
The King Of Cadonia-'' which is in two
acts. y as originally produced At the Prince
of Wales Theatre. London. where il ran
for two years The book Is by Frederick
Lonsdale- Adrian Ross wrote the lyrics
and Sidney Jones the music
New-York tribune., 1909-12-14
MAYOR TO ADDRESS TEACHERS.

Mayor Mcclellan will be one of the
speakers ~ a mass meeting 20 be held in
Carnegie Hall -on Friday evening under the
euspices of the lnterborough Association OF
Women Teachers for the purpose OF stimu-
lating interest in the associations equal
pay" fight other speakers will be Miss
Grace Strachan. president OF the organiza-
tion: William McAdoo. Lewis Nixon and
Mirabeau l.. Towns who will preside
New-York tribune., 1909-12-14
DIsCREDIT WONDERFUL FLIGHT.
Directors of Aero Club of New England
Investigate Story.
Ia TeIssrarh b ~ rrinuns. ]

Boston, Dec. 13.-The directors OF the
Aero club of New England do not crefiit
the reports published to-day OF the flight
from Worcester 20 New York and Boston
OF Wallace T. Tllinghast, OF Worcester
One OF the directors. who spent the greater
part OF the day in an investigation OF the
story. has made his report. and the presi-
dent OF the club Charles ]. Gl;dden. is au-
thOrized TO make public the decision OF the
directors Mr.. Gidden said there was
nothing further To say than the simple
statement I'VE do not credit the report
New-York tribune., 1909-12-14
WESTERN THEATRES iNNew DEAL

The Western Theatrical Managers Asso-
citation. operating in Wisconsin Nebraska.
Kansas. Iowa. Missouri and Illinois. signed
contracts yesterday giving 10 klsw & Er-
larger the exclusive booking Of its theatres
Tor a term ~ years. This follows the re-
cent Withdrawal Of the association from
its contract with The Shuterts. who stated
- the time that they found n impossible
10 book the smaller cities OF the West. ov-
ing 20 The impractics biIity of moving
BROADWAY productions from the scene Cf
n cir success
New-York tribune., 1909-12-14
DEDICATED BY CARNEGIE.
He Makes Short Address at Ceremony
in Washington.

Washington. Dec. l3.-The new admins
tration building Of the Carnegie institu-
tiou. Of Washington. was dedicated to-
night. The lew home of the institution
which carries on its work through "A sl2,-
O0a0c0 endowment by Mr.. Carnegie. is on
10Th street. and is fine structure.
AIr. Carnegie. in 4 short address. com
mended the trustees Of the institution
Senator ElihI Root also spoke briefly
Professor George : Hale. of the solar OBJ
servatory At Pasadena. cal. presented an
illustrated lecture of his observations Of
the sun.
Some Of those present were Vice Presi-
dent Sherman and the British. French
Brazilian and Italian ambassadors.
New-York tribune., 1909-12-14
THE HACKETT THEATRE.
Claus Bogel Takes Arliss's Part in
'Septimus."

'Septimus' began its last week az the
Hackett Theatre last night. with Claus
Bogel in the title part Mr.. Bogel has act
ed as understudy 10 Mr.. Arliss for a num-
Der OF months Heretofore he has played
the part OF Hegissepe Cruchot, the French
soldier OF the play
New-York tribune., 1909-12-14
MRS. MARY HANNA.

Cincinnati. Dec. 13.-Mrs- Mary Hanna
the third richest woman in Cincinnati. died
at her home here to-day. As the widow
Of Henry Hanna she was heiress to fort
une OF 81. .OO0. 900. Mrs Hanna was ninety
one years old. One daughter inherits the
New-York tribune., 1909-12-14
JOHN DREW MUCH IMPROVED.

John Drew is so far recovered from his
recent injury that ii is thought that ne will
be able 20 begin his tour in other cities
as 'Inconstant George at the Moutauk
Theatre. Brooklyn, on December y. In
the mean time the Empire Theatre win he
closed until Maude Adams opens on Christ
mas night in What Every Woman
Knows"
New-York tribune., 1909-12-14
MORE sHUeERT CHANGES.

Clyde F1tch's drama, The city" win
have its first New York performance al the
Lyric Theatre on December 21. instead Of on
December IS. as announced. This necessi-
tates the moving Of The Chocolate Soldier
20 the Casino q week earlier than was
anticipated sam Bernard viii end his run
Al tho Casino IN The Girl and the Wiz
ard. on SATURDAY night.
New-York tribune., 1909-12-14
WELLESLEY GIRLS CUT UP FISH.
Junior Glass in Economics Visit 7
Wharf and Market in Boston.
nv Telegraph 20 The Tribune. J


Boston. Dec 13-Without warning the
tunior class in economics Of Wellesley
College. thirty strong. descended in a
BODY on Wharf this morning and
watched the unloading OF thirtysix
schooners. all in az once with big fares.
and then invaded the fish markets along
Atlantic avenue. where, amid much
chattering and the plying of many ques-
tions. points on cutting up cod and hake
were given them
Some of the more enterprising of the
Young women even accepted the knives
held out to them by the accommodating
market men. and tried their own hand
at slicing steaks from big paddock and
cod. After luncheon the girls visited the
immigration station at Long Wharf.
New-York tribune., 1909-12-14
LoIE FULLER NOT ILL.

Miss LOie Fuller sent out word last
night that she had been greatly annoyed
BY rumors that she was confined IN a hos
pital with = broken ankle. Il have met
with no accident whatsoever. and shall ap-
pear at the Metropolitan Opera House
Tuesday night as ADVERTISED she added
New-York tribune., 1909-12-14
DIED.

BENNETT suddenly, on sunday. December 4,
1899. Mrs Minnie j Bennett FuneraI ser
vices "Wednesday. 2. m. her late resi-
dence. No. as Carton ave. Brookiyn.
BRAD1EY-On sunday. D-r~nber II feOa a.
her late residence. No 2n2 West t02i st
sarah A Bradley. daughter u the late Franci-
L and Mary Bradley Funeral services Tues
day evening. 0'ciock az Union Methodist
Episcopal Church Vest sSth ~ between
Broadway and sth Interunent " edaesday
morning. Greenwood Cemstery-
BRIDGEMAN-st Memorial Hospital Norris
town. n T.. December ~. Alfred T, RricEs-
man. travelling auditor OF the Lacka~anna
x r Funeral service hts late home No.
81 sth ave. Ampere. Es1t Orange. y J. ON
Tuesday evening December IA AZ : o'ciorx
Internrut private at Cedar Hill CeneteTv
Newhurg ~ Y Please omit flowers R1sY.io
~ ". Eimirs IN " Rinshamton IN "
and scranton PENN papers please copy.
COSNOIL.Y-Jam-s A connolly. sg-d I year
son % James j. and Annie Connolly nee
Brady. No. iss Prospect st. Fiatntsh Fu-
neral Tuesday. at @~o p m. Relatives and
friends invited
CoRCORAN-on p~cenber n 1879 Elizabeth
corcoran widow OF Thomas Il. Cercorsr. Fu-
neral AZ her late resid~nc>. No. e73 <ostsaad
ave-. Wednesday. st ,. n
New-York tribune., 1909-12-14
RAlNEs SILL HOLDS OWN.

Rochester Dec. 13.-The following bull
Ietin was ISSUED this morning b. Drs Haw-
lev and Warner. the physicians attending
Senator John Raines in the hospital al
CanandaiEus-
Senator Rsines is still heIdinS his own
and no new threatening symptoms have de-
veloped He passed a very comfort bic
night.
New-York tribune., 1909-12-14
p. r. BALLARD KILLED eY AUTO.

BY Telegraph 20 The Tribune
ST Louis Dec. l3.-rheOdore r. Ballard
former president OF the ST. Louis Merchants
Exchange and former Police Commits
sioner here. was run down and killed by an
automobile while crossing the street to-
night He was a member Of the irm Of
Ballard. Messmore 4 Co. grain brokers.
lie had Just left his once when struck
He was thrown some distance. dying in a
few minutes