Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1909-11-04
.MAR6IlAld REPORT
o.. PHOTOGRAPHY
UNIQUE oosD,rIAI IA II &
FOUND IN ISLANDS.
aeosrapher Believes That First.
Glass Topographic Maps Will
/, Help Property Of the, Terri
] tory. i, VIC az a.

T, heAp xEVsPefty VI VIC AS'Ar
J Ivy d, IL i ~ a
r. b. Marshall, chief geographer Of
the Geological Survey. has prepared
bis report on conditions4 as he has
found them. in the Territory in ythc
course of MS duty Of outlining the
labors of the assistants WAC will .rol.
low In his ,footstsps.. The report Is as
follows: A. ht
"Sir: The director of the u, 8.
BIOLOGICAL Survey, upon the receipt Of
a letter dated Honolulu, August II,
1909. from Mr.. NJ Q. Leighton, chief
photographer " tie geologicai survey,
approved by you, Instructed me to
visit Hawaii. there to determine the
nature OF the Topographic problems. OF
the Territory and to submit plans for
systematic beginning Of Topographic
surveys. ,H. 81 tu
# have gone fully over the ground
on the islands Of Kquai and Oahu.
where are presented sdme Of the most
interesting Topographic features to be
found anywhere. The. valleys are
small usually steep. and the noun.
tains begin with. practically no roll.
ing country or foothills. making an
equitable adjustment between scale
and contour interval exceedingly hard
to determine. On Kauai, for instance,
enc finds a Yosemite, Grand Can.
yon, a Dismal Swamp, perpetual sun.
shine and constant rain. all within a
radius OF ten miles and change Of
elevation from sea level to mile In
height. On Oahu, the general condi.
tons are the same, only to a less 'ex.
tent, the large comparatively level
area in the center wifi saateriaily les
sen the cost per square mile as com.
pared to Kauai. b.t-s "a :. b.,
"The field scale that Il is believed
will best serve for general use is that
Of two inches to one mile 1:26sO)i
with contour. interval Of ton feet for
lrrigable lands. and Atty feet for the
mountainous portions. The publica
tion scale can best be decided otter
the field work has been completed
"The surveys should be done by the
standard plane table rhethodsa now, In
,isc by the geological survey-usins
.stadia for irrigable areas and close In
tersection for the mountains. running
precise level. setting staRdard lroi
bench mark post and bronze5 tablets
tho Alexander 'triangulation data to b,
used for the horizontal base. These
positions should be marked by setting
standard bronze tablets or post thai
|,they may be more easily identified II
the future. '- : s.F
/ "The general conditions upon tn,
island of Kauai, where II appears tha
more water can be had than there 4,
land to be irrigated. surely makes .thi,
leland OF FIRST Importance from rec
lar,ation point Of view. and i full!
agree with you that the Topographic,
work should begin here. ~ y
LIT Is estimated that the entire Is
land OF Kauai can be surveyed 70
$4,000. 327 per square mile or abou
4c..' per acre, and II work can besIl
by January I, 1910. Owe topographer
should finish the field work by July 1
1910. = 1850 .4's@ So n sT
1T is respectfully suggested that
good belt line trail. as straight Us prac
tticnble; be cut before the topograrh
ers. arrive all around the outer edg
offthe swamp area upon Kauai, witt
connections to a possible base Of s,n
piles. as follows: to Mr.. Gays noun
tain house--intake Of Olokele canyo'
ditch-town to existing trails via Ha
napepe Falls-to road ending at Rilc
hama crater-down to trails near MI
Namnhana down to Wainiha river /
road--dovn the pail from Ajax
swamp trail to road--up tffe ridg
from crossing Of, AIaki swamp trail VI
waialeale. Kawaikinl along main d
vide to KaDalaoa or until the belt lin
trail Is reached. These trails win b
of much assistance to the strear
gaging work, slf ~
IAN estimate as to time and cost I
survey the remaining island Gun be
terrible given after our. experience .
Kauai. fregret that my work SA tn
mainland would not allow me- to 7,
main long enough to go over tllN oths
islands in detail. ,tin s-.f.t N Z
| The director of the U. 8. Geologic,
Survey will be glad to detail the ne
essary toposraphers and loan such |,
struments M will be needed to pus
the work with all possible speed.
Elm closing,T can not too strong
express my appreciation Of tho mar
oourtesies extended to me both ofhs
ally and personally by all whom
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