davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1909-04-25

the bookkeeper the stenographer. the lawyer, the
doctor must work on the roads with the aborer.
Under the old system there were a large number
of men who had become known TRUSTEES They
had earned certain degree of liberty by reason of
their faithfuness duty and general trustWorthi-
ness Undk the new system there are no TRUSTEES
All are chained.
Under the old system there was no such thing
as parolinE convict Under the new order a
convict may be paroled. and by prompt obedience
and conformity with the rules OF the camps he
may gain his conditional liberty sooner than under
the old regime.
There are l05 camps and TO keep in touch with
them thoroughly additional inspectors have been
put on duty so that the prison commission VIII
know that the rules are being obeyei- These regu-
lations are strict and will be rgidly observed.
Cfeorgians expect to be greatly benefited by the
new order. While there many good ROADS IN
the state the majority of them are in need Of i'm
l7rovenent Farmers realize that with good roads
It will be easier for them to get their produce TO
market real estate men realize that property VIII
At once Increase in value and automobile drivers
and other amusement seekers know they viii gain
with good roads.
Labor has also been the gamer, as the conVlcts
viii not come into competition with it now as they
did formerly when free labor had TO compete with
convicts in mines and in brick kilns.
Id 10 date not single escape has been reported
and Georgia is enjoying period Of road improve
rnent and Of moral rest which she has not had FOR
many wears.
New-York tribune., 1909-04-25

doubtabe Travis After their third shots Wilder s
bali lay about q yard from the hole, while Travis
was some thirty feet short The pin had been
placed in q trying place on sort Of ridge, ana
1t looked almost any odds against the veteran
who realized his only chance was 10 bring OF the
put Travis did hole the put, whereupon Wilder
missed the short one and finally lost the match on
the fifth extra hole.
Thirty years ago, before the game was seriously
considered over here. everybody used the wooden
putter. Now is aluminium and iron, seldom wood
II is an open question whether the golfers as a
whole put better to-day than they did quarter Of
a century ago. but IT is undisputed fact that
there are those who uncommonly good with
iron and others equally deadly with aluminium wea3-
ons. which would seem to beck up the theory that
there is more in the method than the instrument
There is probably better exponent OF the snort
game among the professionals in this country than
Alec Smith now connected with the Wykag9I
Country Club When Alec who has used both
kinds puts, the ball seems to be hit so hard and
freely that II must invariably travel considerable
distance beyond the cup; but while bold putter'
always giving the ball a chance. Smith is so accu-
rate that the sphere rarely out Of holng dis
tance. Probably the greatest charm about Smiths
putting-to the onlooker at least-s the brief time
New-York tribune., 1909-04-25

grip with both hands and never fails to pick the
club well up. By this means, he asserts greater
back spin be impaired to the ball Another
point worth remembering is his manner OF stop
ping the stroke the instant the club head hits the
ball After the moment of impact the head enters
the ground and stops suddenly, the follow through
being almost nil. With true green ahead of him.
Smith figures lay the ball. II not dead so nearly
so as to enable him to hole the put four out OF
five times For that matter, 1t is no uncommon
thing to see him hole one of these short mashie
shots during a days play.
A prominent student OF the game once said,
Show me the man who gets out of trouble well
and l will show you real golfer" There is prob
ably a deal Of truth In that observation. Any dew
otee OF the game get into trouble reaohV
New-York tribune., 1909-04-25
NOT A SOCIAL EXPERIMENT.

1T a- ma -a o11 first what this enterprise is
T. is neither G. social experiment nor personaI
attempt at agriculture One trial on an aoandoned
farm near New Haven taught me q lesson tna1 VIII
LAST AZ least twenty-five years All preachers BE-
Ueve they can run farms and make them pay us
the thing most Of Us look forward 70 when our
con gregatious want a long rest woke UP on9
morning in the grim clutch Of nv IDEAL boUghr
an f-rIret7- and started 10 raise chickens on a
wholesale plan but my kerosene hen only yielded
dividends TO 1Lr Rockefeller proceeded 70 raise
p1ta-oes by hand and I got the finest crop OF eN-
uerierce that man ever had 1 was trying TO DO
. modem, farming with a hoe and a lawn mower
and succeeded Just 10 that extent. while my neigh
t7~ with machinery and capital. managed 10 get
out Of the ground six crops in the year No farm
inc is skilled work. and I'm going 10 leave IL 10
skilled farmers. y skilled farmer will have charge
of nv farm am not going 70 venture any more
into any kind Of Uto2ian farming, nor am golns
To have little slice Of the cooperative common
7-a.r-1 all 70 myself nor 1 going 70 solve any
r~obrarls nor ask anybody else 10 solve them m
this kind Of way If man wants TO try MS
hand al some Of these things on his own account
III Try 10 give him The opportunity m ANXIOUS
~ saf conge-iaI people TO make a summer home
there and particularly anxious 70 get people win
children. for one Of the things I think we could
ee+ ros-zr7er on would be home and kindergarten
for children
= man wanted TO give a printing press for the
,rza r- the summer school added Ny irvine anu
talented Young bookbinder wanted 10 start
trial field we're considered rather questionable ms
main object Of the enterprise is to have a place
for rroietarians to spend a few weeks III reere4-
tf,r and study. There Will be lectures oy prorni-
ra7t socialists Of this country and Europe Ihe
soap box asitator needs 20 understand the agraran
rr,rIern and 10 study the farmer at close range 50
that he may become a better all around proPa-
eanEfst In Russia the work OF the students IN
living with and stirring up the peasants mas oe-
qrr7a historic Whether specimens OF the lnd1Vlo-
nal farmer VIII be brought before the agricultural
class OF the summer school as exhibits Is not ce-
-s~rl7frefi ANYHOW. the class viii be able TO 60
ONT in the reishbo-hoCd and observe the farmer III
his native haunrs. M. Irviue's farm manager may
pose as the typical man with the hoe. bowed pc
raarf. the weight Of mortgages and the extortlons
Of the railroads, the commission house and INC
machinery trust
Many other economic subjects besides farming
,,fu be taken up by eminent lecturers. and there
will De q class in ordtory to teach young men ana
women how TO talk against the roar Of elevated
trains and the fauEIe of streetcars- Maybe WhlIe
~ r-zrrl,sr of the class is speaking. the rest viii
bar milk pals Just TO get him used to a racket
New-York tribune., 1909-04-25
SUMNER SCHOOL
FOR PR0LETARIAT
TO COHBINE RECREATION
I4ND STUDY.
alexander T. IrUine Bugs Farm
Near PeekshH for NoUeI Project
Lectures by Socialists.

Alexander F. Irvine. who doesn't like to be called
mister o. reverend. although he breaches every
Sunday night in the Church OF the Ascension, has
bought a 500-acre farm near PeekskiH. where he
plans to establish a summer school TO train the
proecSriat for the coming kingdom of collectivis1
Some people say IT will be worknen's Chautau-
qua, others call IT colony 1t is hard to use cor
rect and acceptable terms when dealing with such
enterprises The keeny critical Socialists repudats
any definition which is not contained in their na-
tioral platform. and are especially on the alert 70
avoid the uon-scisntiic. beuighted and aDhorrenr
indications of communism The shorter and ugller
word OF the party catechism is utopia There
fore a prudent consideration Of the comeback in
voIved IN erroneous statements dictates recital
of the cold facts in regard TO the summer school
If It is q summer schOoI-without attempt at pre-
else definition.
The farm is on a wild and woOdsoue height over
looking the noble Hudson. where sOciOlogists can
go swimming and economists can ponder the prob
lens OF deterninism while waiting for the hsh 20
bite The farm itself is ideal for the working oJt
Of the aerarian problem. and there is enough I'M
derbrush to symbolic the jungles OF the coIhpeu-
tive system. There are massive rocks which may
he c011pared wf,h all sorts OF things, and Two
brooks full of trout and Shakespearian sermons
There a hill feet high which VIII coIIlIealll
certain view Of the Brotherhood Of Man Ear oeio"
in dark wet places Will remain noxous Insects that
+,nifv the pests of modern civilization 1t takes
effort 70 go uphill and gain the heights serene.
and there is another lesson for the renlodelers OF
the world
In order 70 get the summer school idea as cor
rectIy as possible the writer sought out Its rounder
in his home in East 18th street Il is not often tna1
Nh Irvine is found at home He IS generaliy
asitating and preaching. which IS also asltatlon'
in ell parts Of the town But he happened 10 De AZ
home and sitting the edge OF low MOTIFS
able in his study. with the mien Of an artist ana
an o,tpour Of rich friendiiness that fasctnaes MS
audiences he told what ne intended to do WIN
the farm. The personality Of the man who began
as a poor boy in a coal mine, enlisted IN the Eng
Iisb army won a medal for fighting in the Soudan
became a preacher. turned author, then lecturer
and is now chiefly protagOnist OF socialism, m
r,rassez one at close range even more than at 4
distance Many public characters collapse physi-
caIIv or mentally. al near view irvine remains
Youthful. vigorous and fiery. although he has
s-ovrr IN sons. his smooth face is not lined with
undue care nor has his vibrant voice lost its force
With a Celtic twinkle in his and an occasional
low chuckIe which suggested reservoir OF GEE
c-tr +arpf7g on some festive occasion, the social
evangelist said.
New-York tribune., 1909-04-25
SMUGGLING CHINESE.

Australia is perturbed by the discoveries OF M
r7o+cbeIor the Commonwealth Minister toF E-'
nal Affairs who has been inqulrlng INTO I-l7 ms
influx Of Chinese. There IS Tea''hF -.
- Cbira With agencies in all the principal Austria
Iia,, rorts ana with the connivance Of SHIPS ON
GERS the systematic smuggling OF Chinese lll' AUS
trsIia has been carried on for a long time .,
The ships trading between Hong hohS ana .--7
Australian ports have been so ClIililI-i7-s p.
~, fsIea l,u1kheads walls and floors that hiding
room has been provided for eighty Chinese stow
awavs on a single voyage Ship cooks nave peen
sa,-stI,. Maid TO supply the stowaways with food
The trade is very profitable. as Australia Is ohF
a few days steamIng from China ana many ,'-'
a,ds of No1goIians are always ready to pay large
sums and run all of risks 70 get TO the land
of gOld.-ChiCago News
New-York tribune., 1909-04-25

he dy.eus over the ball He gets the line quickly.
hits the ball without the slightest hesitancy and
goes for the back Of the hole.
1t has been declared that in every put 1t seems
as if there is psychological moment Wheh ''ie
Golfer thinks he can hole the ballSn instant when
he seems TO have the right line and every conf
denca In his ability TO find the bottom Of the cup
This happy condition. when hand and eye are work
ing in complete harmony, apparently comes often
TO Smith
Although a deadly puter. TINS IS not the ohly
department of the game which the former ma
tional and Western champion has exceptional con-
troll There is the chip shot with the mashie at
distances all the way from thirty 10 fifty yards OF
the pin In making this shot, accomplished almost
entirely with the wrists. Smith maintains firm
New-York tribune., 1909-04-25
WIDE FIELD OF STUDY.

The .r,rrcuIuru viii not be all soCialisn. nor VIII
al visitors and lecturers be expected 70 carry red
cards. Radical union men and straight scien1i7'S
viii be welcomed The proletaria- needs soma
lrov-le4ee of the physical sciences and MI lrvlIe
does not think there is much danger OF its beng
,,7fsreI i'm such branches as botany zoology ana
geology. Geology is not like political economy
70 ,5.1 With a cbuckIe You cant very we'll call
old red sandstone something else think we re
safe with thoss subjects University professors Oh
botany and geology have offered their services ~
1e,r1Iriuzs ana other scientists are expected 70
tea ch their soecialities. So far as possible mess
Studies Will be pursued out Of doors IN the Ioiln
or reld excursions. combining pleasant exercise
with The ACQUISITION of knowledge English htera-
t-~a esrec.aIy- the social ideals in American lit
erarrre viii be another course This Will have
70 m confined practically novels and stories. BE-
cause the social drama has hardly developed yet.
II is MANNED TO devote the forenooUs to study
and the afternoons - fishing, swimming. noun
tain climbing. baseball. outdoor g1 u1nastlcS ana
yer-thiuz, else in the form OF sport. except Soif
E-r.a and easy costumes will be by all hands
When the apples ripe IN the three-acre orchard
there will probably be some raidiug OF the fruit
Resides cows and chickens, about hundred sheep
Will lie distributed the premises The stu
dents Will get some fine metaphors by observing
the sheep il they do not obtain more solid ad-
vantage of fresh mutton
The food and housing problem has not been en-
tireIy solved Mr.. Irvine hopes to induce families
to put up canvas houses for themselves and to
have q few canvas houses to rent Such strEct-
ures shown the recent tuberculosis exhibit, con-
tain three rooms downstairs and three rooms >uo-
stairs and they cost S2t0. As for single working
men, they viii be the guests OF MI Irvine in his
farrnhouse but will be asked to Pey nominal sum
for the cost of board. \ person who wishes TO put
up q tent and live mainly fish and Wild berries
may do so. There may be a large tented dlni1s
hall for everybody on the farm
New-York tribune., 1909-04-25
GEORGIA'S NEW
CONVICT SYSTEM
RESULTS OF ONE MONTH"; S
TRIAL.
State Is Getting Road Improvement
and MOraI Peace, Missing for
Many Years.

Atlanta. april 24-On April ! the convict lease
,vstem died forever in Georgia, and today nearly
4U-o thousand convicts are at work the roads
r, the state under the supervision Of state officers
The change came about the result Of Of The
most exciting campaigns ever held Georgia with
the possible exception OF the night that put whiskey
on the shelf
While it is still too early accurately to forecast
the measure Of success The disposition of con-
yscts Will attain and this situation is still further
complicated BY reason Of the failure to provide
properly for the white convicts. the Prison Com
mission officials and the county officers Of the state
are taking optimistic view Of the future.
They believe that it VIII not ne many years be
sore Georgia VIII be able TO boast the best roads in
the country; they are certain that the convicts
under the system viii receive more humane
treatment than under the old; they confident
th2t their health Viii be better looked after. and
that they viii not be pushed beyond their endu-
rance and they are Of the opinion by a segre-
cation OF the races. intended under the bill. but
not at present observed because of a dispute be
tween the Prison Commission and the Governor
both whites and blacks viii be bettered-
The ch:=f objection % the old system came from
r moral and humanitarian standpoint From a
moral standpoint those who might be termed the
friends Of the conyicts did not believe that the
traffic in conviCts was any more morally legal than
the old slave trade. From a humanitarian stand
mint the defenders Of the ConviCts pointed that
cut of from the world. herded il brick camps and
.n mines under the care of guards and wardens,
who while nomlnally in the employ OF the state
really higher paid by the lessees than by the
state the convicts made 10 work harder than
was contemplated by the state.
There were rules and regulations governing the
food clothing and work Of the Convicts laid down
by the Prison Commission At the searching in
,es-igstion Of the legislative committee II was
crnc1usively proved that these rules and regula-
lions were not observed And it was shown that
The failure TO observe them WIS largely the re-
suit OF the Indifference Of the Vardens or guards.
These wardans received either so or 50 a month
from the state The Iessees also found it TO their
interests 10 cross the palm OF the alleged guar
dians OF the states wards With silver The amount
was generally from 50 SO
IN other words the sum given by the state was
always CT nearly always doubled, and sometimes
more Vas given. The state did not wink at this
According 10 the Prison Commission they did not
know i ntiI within one year before the investga-
ton when an order issued forbidding the
xardens 70 receive money from lessees- 4 large
number Of the wardens laughed ct the commission
end continued collecting.
New-York tribune., 1909-04-25

prostration. has been refused. Surgeon c. Steven
son. Of the sth Regiment, gave a certihcate 10
Dikes which stated that he needed three months
leave 70 recover from the effects OF nervous pros
tration Colonel Morris. Of the 9Th, however. was
not satisfied with the examination Of Dr. Steven
son, and preferred his own surgeon. Major William
s. Cherry. 10 pass the alleged debiltated STATE
Of Lieutenant DIkes. DR.. Cherry, after the exam
,ra-ir,u rennr+eJ that Lieutenant Dkes fully
fl to perform his military duty, and that he dld
not need any vacation. The lieutenant was prorni-
nent recently IN preferrirg charges against MS
colonel and captain. which were dsapproFeu oS
,l, t,,,srror and General Roe as being grOundless
and solely the result of animus, Lieutenant Dlkes
nreferred the charges after being court marualled
himself and sentenced to a fine and reprimand.
The smoker Of Squadron 10 be held in the
Dt--r.,- rTi1 Tycal.rn tomorrow night will be
cI,,sjveIy for the active and veteran members of
New-York tribune., 1909-04-25
PAROLE SYSTEM IN EFFECT.

One result has been the expenditure OF large
SUNS Of money by al the counties in the state in
Inc purchase Of road machinery, building houses
Tor the conyicts maintaining camps hiring guards
and other details There s no regulation salary for
the guards. Each county decides FOR Itself. The
men GA the road are only felony convicts The
counties also work their misdemeanor convicts.
FOR instance. Fultcn has some five hundred con-
Nots, divided about half and half
Al present the convIcts heavily ironed more
% than in the camps under the lessee system This
h Que 10 the fact that being new at the game. the
counties afraid the prisoners VIII get away A
lew years ago. when some six hundred convicts
were farmed out 10 tweaty-eight counties the men
escaped In droyes. but all Tecaptured As soon
es the guards get to know the men the irons Will
e Ashte,ec, except IN unusual cases.
Mnere before the shut up in brick
EiAs and il coal mines. working their lives out
eHey are now working under the sun, in the broad
daylight. and improving in health instead of retro
Grading
The greatest drawback 30 the new system is in
the matter Ct overtime. Under the old system men
Neie supposed TO work SO many hours. II they
wanted 20 work more the Iessees had 10 pay them
t'r tEeir labor Frequently d convict would save
considerable one man. released just before the
-eW system went into effect had saved about 500
u Eve years Under the new system the men
mofk The required number Of hours and that is
the end
Shder the old system congenial work was found
'9F many white Inen That is TO say there was
"oFk around q brick camp a coal mine for the
piVieSsional man well IS the aborer Good
pookkeeperS were much needed aud much sought
siser II man Of education and refinement be-
~ine eonytcI there was for him work OF the
WI ne had been used to. Under the new system
New-York tribune., 1909-04-25
N4TION4L GUARD NEWS.

Inspector General McAlpin of the recent annual
inspection Of the 7th Regiment in his official re-
marks says:
General appearance. military bearing, discipline
courtesy and efficiency, shown by inspection.
excellent Great credit is due all concerned for
this splendid showing, and only BY united efforts
could such results have been attained. Company
F has succeeded in again attaining the excellence
Of last year. but IS now equaled by Company /,
with Company q a very close second. with the
other seven companies Of this remarkable pTgan-
zstior almost as good Special mention must be
made Of the mess kits and tinware Of Company
F and the blankets of Company q. No showing
could have been better. The manuel Of inspection
arms was excellent in all companies except and
H where there are possibilities Of slight improve
r1ent The ad justmeut Of the field equipment vas
uniformly excellent throughout the regiment The
preZious high standard az efficiency Of this orsan-
zation has been surpassed. and entities II to the
highest colnnendstion. Books and records at head
quarters excellent. The quarterHaster has re
ma r}za h complete and compact property record
The regiment will be reviewed tomorrow night by
Colonel Thomas Diamond, president Of the Veteran
Association.
Contrary 10 the expectations ot many, the newly
New-York tribune., 1909-04-25
CoNvICTs BEATEN TO DEATH.

TIE disclosures before the legislative investigat-
ing committee showed that three or four convicts
had been beaten 20 death; that convicts had been
horribly treated. and that nearly every camp
worked its men almost beyond the limit OF en-
du-ance and certainly far beyond the work pre-
sc-tbed by The Prison Commission They were i'll
fed badly clothed. seldom bathed and neglected
IN every way. except wnen il was time for work
The medical attention bad, and the inspections
by state officers were loosely conducted Some Of
rhe physicians. wardens and other employees ad-
nitted they had been lax in the discharge Of their
duties
MANY Ceorgians had made fortunes out Of the
convict traffic and many high in state politics had
been deeply interested It was time TO stop this
traffic the friends of human liberty decided, and
the Legislature put end to il
The life Of the convict under the lessee system has
been shown Now for their life under the control
OF the state
Under the old system the state received S224 .
man which for some sixteen hundred conyicts
amounted 10 about S375.o00 year The state ap-
propriated $4,000 year for taking care OF the
convicts in the way Of guards. etc. leaving
surplus of s225,0c0 which went 10 the school fund
Under the new system Georgia Is out that
srnount Of morey and must care for her schools
by direct taxation. The money received from the
whskey traffic also went to the schools, 50 it viii
Is seen that the schools have been hit pretty hard
In addition losing s2Z5,e1o q year Georgia must
take care Of the white convicts as under the bill
It was intended that the negroes should work the
roads and the whites should be placed on a farm
this being done so that white should ever
suffer the disgrace Of being seen in convict uni
form on tie roads To pr wide for the white con-
yicts .t was necessary 10 buy farm, tools build
houses, etc.
The Legislature decided that tax neaI-heeT
saloons would bring in this amount. and so 500
tax q year was placed all such places
This money has Feen collected. after much dods-
ing and fighting on the part Of the near-beeT deal
srs. and is ready for the stale 10 spend OF farm.
Then a hitcn resultel TEe prison commission
advertised for farms and finally picked out one
that suited H. Il didn't sgit Governor Smith
He wouldn't have il ard the commission wouldn t
take back seat. The result is farm has been
bought and thu white men work on the roads. be
ing taken Dy Dakal5, Fulton and Richmond coun-
ties. drawing time for The next session
Of the Legislature. and il Is understood its mem
bers have views which may result in keeping the
white c0nyicts en- the road.
The convicts. fifteen hundred Of whom are
negroes have been .aken by one hundred and three
counties IN Georgia being divided. according to
Population The other counties had right to their
pro rata share, but decided thu expense too
heavy and so did rot take them. They still have
the right to call on the prison commission for
road work. but the expense would in that be
heavy, and 20 they can safely be eliminated from
further consideration