davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Charlevoix county herald., 1909-08-21
Old Protests About Bread Prices

The high price of wheat, flour and
bread the last few months has
caused some of the old-timers to re-
call the corners and high prices of
other days and antiquaries to dig into
the past for ancient parallels.
A correspondent has unearthed .
lot of metal tokens" recording prices
of bread in England, especially during
the Napoleonic era. These were half
penny tokens. One Of these was struck
in honor of the Duke Of Beaufort,
with the legend, "He feels his peoples
wants and relieves them" The other,
with pair of scales, records a fall
I'm the price of bread: "61s pounds of
bread, one shilling. God be praised"
Another token previously issued
bore this legend: "3A pounds Of
bread for one shilling. Good Lord
deliver us."-The Miller.
Charlevoix county herald., 1909-08-21
REAL BASIS FOR
IMPROVING CORN PLANT
There Three Ways in Which Advancement Can be
Secured and Study As UrSed.-By
M.

can probably be made, although some
biologists are beginning to lose faith
in it because the results scarcely pay
for the trouble. This is the selec-
ton of fluctuations. Fluctuations are
the variations that are not due to
structural changes in the reproductive
cells, but simply to nutrition. They
are, therefore-strictly speaking-not
inherited, but simply give temporary
aid in the development Of the next
generation. For example, let us imag-
inc two corn plants having exactly the
same characters; one of these plants
has grown on good soil and is well
developed, while the other has grown
on poorer soil and is weakly devel
oped. The seed of the well-nurtured
plant has more Sutriment stored up
in 1t, and the young Seeding that it
produces has better start in life
than has a Seeding from the poorly
nurtured plant. The actual charac-
tiers inherited by the two plants are
the same, but the seedlings from the
poorly nurtured plant are handi-
capped, and are not so well able to
utilize their food supply and produce
a normal well-developed plant. This
is also true of poorly-nourished ami
mails.
Let us apply these principles to
corn breeding, Corn is a wind-pol-
linated plant, therefore when change
takes place in the reproductive cells
Charlevoix county herald., 1909-08-21
HEALTHY TONE IN COLLEGES.
Eastern Writer Asserts There Can Be
No Peril Of the Spread Of Nox-
ious Doctrine.

We may be far too indulgent to olr
too often utterly unfair to him. When
the argument requires 1t, we do not
hesitate to make his type suit the &C.
casiOn. In his own picturesque vo-
cabulary, we have him going and COM
ing. 1t may be true, for instance,
that the average undergraduate learns
very little and cares very little for
learning; and ii may be true that our
colleges are nurseries of disbelief and
immortality. But the two things to
gether cannot be true. If our uni
versities were filled with an eager,
passionate youth, avid of ideas and
ideals, there would be danger In
heretical voices from the cathedral.
Such a danger the European univer-
sites have often experienced. The
French collegian has played prom
inent part in demonstrations and
emeutes. The German Burschen-
schaften have made history. The
Russian university student has been
leader of revolution. Given a young
man who finds truth in books, and in
himself the instinct for translatfng
theory into action, and the college
may influence the world. But our
own healthy football and rowing men
are quite immune against noxious doc
trine. What peril is there in setting
forth radical views on marriage be-
fore an undergraduate who thinks that
polygamy is believing in many gods?
New York Evening Post.
Charlevoix county herald., 1909-08-21

Of any individual of variety, it is
quickly recombined with different
characters in other individuals. AS
these changes take place with some
frequency, what we call a CONNER
cial variety is actually set of
hybrids between individuals possess
ing various characters. The real eff
feet of selection is gradually to iso-
late strain having characters that
we desire, in so far as such charac-
ters have already been produced by
nature. There is no question of our
originating anything by this selection.
II there are plants having undesirable
characters we can reject them, pro-
vided there are plants that are with
out these characters, but that is as far
as we can 60 In this mixture of types,
the commercial variety, there are
some strains that produce a greater
variety than others. 1t is the aim of
the line breeder to take out these
types and discard those having less
efficiency. For these reasons we can
see how great is the Importance of
our original breeding plot. If the type
desired has been included among the
original plants it can be selected out
and established as variety. If it
has been left out we can only wait
for nature to produce such type. And
as nature is not prodigal in her new
productions our chances are relative.
ly small
Charlevoix county herald., 1909-08-21
The Bible and Shakespeare.

Questioned as to why he had omit
ted the Bible and Shakespeare from
his "five-foot shelf library, DR.. Eliot
gave as his reason that most people
have read them" Most people of Dr.
Eliots personal acquaintance, maybe,
but 1t would be risky for him to ex.
tend the limit of his statement. It
is freely charged, indeed, that in what
is called the reading world of to-day
the greatest books are neglected; that
they are known when at all only by
name, and are buried under a mass
of trivialties. DR.. Eliot's list of books
would appear to need revision.
Charlevoix county herald., 1909-08-21
"DIVlAG VENUS" TRIES
TO Battle IN FOUNTAIN
WOMAN CREATES AFTERNOON
SENSATION BY ATTEMPT TO
SWIM IN MADISON SQUARE.

New York.-All the regulars were In
Madison Square park when 1t hap
pened. The time was five o'clock in
the afternoon. Rusty" McGurk, who
was one of the children who used to
gather around George Francis Train
and who has been looking for another
such philanthropist ever since, was
reading the day before yesterdays pa
per. Also there were women and
children and few dogs. 1t was Sat
urday afternoon in Madison Square
park.
Suddenly there was a chorus OF
screams. One could not tell at once
Charlevoix county herald., 1909-08-21
One from Rhode Island.

The heat in Rhode Island has be-
come so oppressive that wild deer are
coming out of the woods, breaking
into houses and cooling off in the
bath tubs. At least, that is what a
Providence correspondent says.
The dispatch, word for word--nat-
ure faker charges Notwithstanding
is:
"A large, wild deer came to town
and finding the bathroom window in
the house of Michael j. Kilroy open,
leaped through 1t and landed on its
back in the bath tub. The police aft
er much maneuvering, got the deer
to its feet and by use of ropes low.
cred 1t out the window.
Charlevoix county herald., 1909-08-21
Turkish Time-keepinq.

The Turkish system of time-keep-
ing, for which IL was proposed to
substitute the European method, may
be described as the principle of the
daylight saving bill carried to it's log
ical conclusion. The fixed point is
not noon, but sunset, from which the
hours are counted OF the same length
as ours and subdivided in the same
way. One of the disadvantages of the
system is that the time between sun.
set and sunset is not fixed quantity.
so that watch to keep correct Turk
ish time has to be reset every day.
Charlevoix county herald., 1909-08-21

have only made beginning in breed
ing as science, and it will be
many years before we can predict with
the accuracy of a chemical reaction
what will take place on crossing two
enough of the laws of variation and
heredity to show us that this point
of view is all wrong. The quail
ity of the grist depends upon
the grain in the hopper. There
are three and only three ways in
which plants can be improved, and
careful consideration of them shows
the errors in both of the above teach
ings.
1. Every plant is composed of a
large number of characters, each of
which is inherited as a unit. The
basis and the plan by which these
characters develop are held in the fer
tilted egg from which the seed and
finally the plant results. From the
structure within this egg-cell, each
character and through these charac-
tiers, the entire organization is finally
food materials from the soil and from
the air. No permanent variation oc-
ours in a plant unless it occurs FIRST
in the structure of these reproductive
cells. Such variations are, therefore,
the only foundation for plant improve
ton is to pick out the most desirable
of them for propagation. Unfortu-
nately for the ease of the task, varia-
tons due to nutrition and other
causes, variations that affect the plant
and not the reproductive cells are,
therefore, not inherited, often obscure
the rarer, inherited variations, and
thereby cause much unnecessary and
unavailing selective work.
g The object of hybridization is to
shuttle and recombine the unit charac
ters of the parent plant. If we knew
what all the results would be when
these characters combine we could
predict the percentage of the progeny
of a cross that would contain certain
definite combinations of characters
But we do not know enough concern
ing the inheritance of these characters
to make predictions We simply know
that we can only expect to combine
the characters actually possessed by
the parent. For example, resistance
to the disease called watermelon wilt
was found to be single unit charac-
ter possessed by the first cousin of
the watermelon, the citron. This quail.
ity was therefore combined with other
desirable qualities possessed by the
watermelon by hybridization. Here
was definite basis upon which to work
and by which tangible results could be
obtained. But supposing no wilt-re.
sistant melon had been known, IL
would have been utterly futile to have
tried to breed this character into the
watermelon by selection. The water.
melon reproductive cell does not pos.
sess this character, and on this &C.
count there is no basis upon which
to select. The kind of selectionist
against whom we are speaking would
begin by going into field and TAX.
ing seed from those plants that were
the least affected by the disease, yet
he would never obtain results because
he would be selecting non-affected
plants instead of resistant plants.
8. There is a third method by which
q slight and temporary Improvements
Charlevoix county herald., 1909-08-21
Filling bitches and ouIIies.

IT Is not good plan to pillow bare
soil In bitches and gullies which are
not wanted in fields. First fill them
with brush, briars, straw, corn stalks
and any kind Of rubbish and then
pillow In the soil. The rubbish will
not only catch and hold the soil
plowed in. but IL will catch and hold
soil washed into the field from other
sources. When the trash decays and
the gullies become filled, these places
VIII become level and the deepest and
richest spots in the fields.
Charlevoix county herald., 1909-08-21

Girls are taught bookkeeping and
stenography and other essentials of a bust
ness career. But they are not always post
ed on business ethics. After few months
or a few years in business, woman learns
some of the little ethical things of bust
ness for which no course is given in the
business college. But when girl of 16
or IS first starts on her business career, she
may be in blissful ignorance of some points
that are most helpful to business success.
Women have learned much of business
like. ways since they have been in bust
moss But some girls still take q nosition
Charlevoix county herald., 1909-08-21
Cultivate Potatoes Frequently.

Potatoes are quick growing crop.
hence they require frequent cultiva-
ton for best grown and maturity.
Three or four civilizations will keep
the weeds down in a potato patch. but
it requires six or eight civilizations to
produce good potato crop. Every
cultivation pays probably larger than
fer any other cultivated crop.
Charlevoix county herald., 1909-08-21
Content
Obtained
by Limiting
Diet
By BAYARD c. FULLER

ton his food in hot weather and during the
first tried light breakfasts progressed
crackers and milk for luncheon in cold weather. however,
for unceons but found that bracng
false appetite and for several hours after luncheon would
old feeling Of dowsness And theory that
much in the cold months.
Although not vegetarian and eat meat usually day
dinner think that nearly everybody who with
and capacity work
will find that he feels better when he limits his
That has been the why have changed
might that has hit upon dietary adjusted
find the best of everything right This
city, believe exceed by in the purity of it's food supply
indication of this that condemned
pounds of food here during the last twelve and that
third of this meat.
Charlevoix county herald., 1909-08-21

I have been experimenting on my dietary
ever since | have done office work and in a
word my conclusion is that nearly every maa
who leads a sedentary life eats too much
meat. 1t is along this theory that 1 have
proceeded to readjust my daily fare, for
after having been active in athletics since
boyhood / found that l was continuing the
heavy meat diet even when my work was
confined mostly to my desk. | was suffering
from the effects of overeating long before
realized the cause was to be found in heavy
breakfasts and luncheons.
/ think that every man giyes more atten-
Charlevoix county herald., 1909-08-21

average OF the which reasonably nave
they the physical conditions of the life Their chill
ren have much less than half the chance of growing matu
ty possessed by the children of professional men.
Good large sanitary houses plenty of wholesome well cooked
food adequate changes of clothing for the climate ample opportunities
of caons there these things that does nsby assist
to engthen the term of physical life?
Yet most if not ALL of these things would be ased among
forts Injuries for aborers though numbers of the wetodo
classes would readily admit that they for them
Again. take art music travel education social intercourse such
goods generally would be cassed Injuries Does physiology
itself insist that these and all other things which make for happiness
react physical health and help maintain fe The true
Of leisure change and enjoyment their effects upon duration
physical life only beginning find recognition theory Of
sumption.
But suppose had asceaned what particular su
feed maintain full length of @ does this exhaust necessares?"
We have spoken far of physical life and tested necesares this
basis But physical moral intellectual tight compa
ments of humanity
Whether regard the organic nteracton of all these vital powers
consideration intellectual
factions claims of which later there
for refusing to admit the latter life considered the
whole which it rightly is.
Charlevoix county herald., 1909-08-21
Lies
What They
Really Are
and Why So
By JOHN A. HOBSON

HAT is necessary Something that is essential to life But
what life? Physical life, the reply. If however,
endeavor to apply bare physiological test it does not avail
What the physical necessares of fe Are they the food
clothing shelter of the low skilled town aborer that which
just enough to maintain the efficiency of labor and to enable
them replace themselves by their children in the labor
ke? Not The full physical life of these people not
thus secured.
The times and democrat. [volume] (Orangeburg, S.C.) 1881-current, 1909-07-15
ADMITS KILLING EMPLOYER.
Bakers Helper Pleads Guilty OF
Murder ut New Orleans.

Carl Bortuna a young German,
charged with the murder of George
Knecht, baker, plead guilty when
arraigned Monday afternoon in the
Second City Criminal Court of New
Orleans. Knecht was killed in New
Orleans last Thursday morning and
Bortnna, his helper, disappeared and
was arrested in Mobile Saturday
night. The State cannot accept a
plea of guilty to the charge of MUIR
der and Bortuna was committed to
prison to await trial by a jury.
Bortuna says that five years ago he
killed his sweetheart in Pfalse. Ger
many, as result of a suicide pact.
He had agreed to commit suicide al
ter killing her, but lost his nerve
He SAYS he served three years as a
result. Then he came to this coun-
try.
Knecht charged Bortuna with be-
ing too attentive to his wife and the
quarrel that followed resulted in the
killing of Knecht.
The times and democrat. [volume] (Orangeburg, S.C.) 1881-current, 1909-07-15
STEAMERS COLLIDE .
y Jr Ito aug 0S IRIS LAKE VESSELS
tie House
MAIDEN TEIP.
Two Steel-Hulled Ships Meet on
Lake Superior and One of Them
Is Sent to Bottom.

A dispatch from Sault Ste Marie,
Mich, says three minutes after the
steel steamers Isaac Scott and John
B. Cowle had collided in Lake SUI
perior early Monday morning. about
mile and half OF White Fish
Point light house, the Cowle had
gone to the bottom in fifty fathoms Of
water, carrying with her fourteen
members Of her crew. The Scott, al
though badly damaged. put back to
Sault Ste Marie, where she arrived
Monday afternoon, with part of the
crew of the Cowle.
A heav. fog was responsible for
the collision. The Scott, new boat.
was on her maiden trip to the head
of the lakes. The Cowle was down.
bound, with 5000 tons of iron
ore in the hold.
When the crash came, for fifteen
feet the bow of the Scott penetrated
the side of the Cowle. In three min
utes the Cowle had settled to the
bottom of Lake Superior.
A line was thrown from the deck
Of the Scott to the forward deck OF
the Cowle and three members of the
crew escaped by this means.
The eight Of the crew who were
saved jumped into the lake, some
without. life preservers. and We're
picked up by the Scott and the steam
er Goodbye, which was short dis
tance astern of the Scott when The
collision occurred.
Capt Rogers. of the Cowle, was
one of those who were rescued.
Until Capt. Rogers returns to the
port it is impossible to tell the
names of the men who perished with
the Cowle.
The Scott received serious injuries
in the collision, which would pro1-
ably have sent her to the bottom 'dso
is she had been loaded
Tho John E. Cowle was AS feet
long, SO feet beam and was owned
by the Cowle Transit Company OF
Cleveland. The Cowle went INTO
commission in 1902.
The times and democrat. [volume] (Orangeburg, S.C.) 1881-current, 1909-07-15
Saloons Close in Texas.

At midnight Saturday more than
thousand saloons in Texas ceased
orarations because of the coming into
effect Of the law enacted at the re-
cent session of the State legislature
regulating the sale of liquor. The
principal provision Of the enactment
inyalidatcs all liquor licenses issued
after February 30. 1909. limits the
number of saloons in each county
TO one for every five hundred popu-
lation and bars the issuance OF new
licenses except where the saloon IS
conducted in conjunction with no.
lei
The times and democrat. [volume] (Orangeburg, S.C.) 1881-current, 1909-07-15
DEFERS SUICIDE
TO EAT ONE MORE BATE OF
THE GEORGIA FOWL.
Abbeyille Man Planned to Kill Him.
self Before Breakfast, but Waited
Until After Metal.

w. C. Hamilton, of Seville, Wilcox
county, Ca, killed himself Sunday
morning about $3.50 o'clock by shoot
ing himself through the head with
a pistol. He told Mrs. Fountain who
keeps house for him, that he was
going to kill himself before break
fast. She jokingly told him not to
do that, as she was going to have
chicken for breakfast.
After breakfast Hamilton went into
his room and shut the door. Soon
afterwards a pistolsshot rang out.
Mr.. and Mrs. Fountain went to
the window of the room and looking
in found Mr.. Hamilton washing his
face. He told Mr.. Fountain that he
had not done anyharm, and Mr.. and
Mrs. Fountain left
In a few minutes another pistol
shot was heard in the room. Mr..
Fountain, against went to ascertain
the cause. This time he found Mr..
Hamilton dead on the bed, with a
pistol hole through his head, the
ball passing through his head. The
pistol was clutched in his right
hand.
He leaves a wife and five children,
three boys and two girls.
A letter from his wife dated from
Griffin, Ca, was discovered at his
side. The cause of the suicide is not
known, but it is believed to have
been domestic trouble.
For several years Hamilton had
been a resident Of Cordele, where he
had extensive mercantile interests.
He also owned and operated farm
ing lands near Seville, where his
palatial country home is situated.
He was for MANY years a wholesale
merchant of Montgomery, Ala.
Edgar S. Hamilton, Of Abbeville,
county school commissioner of Will
cox county, and Elmore Hamilton,
cashier Of the Bank of Rochelle, are
sons of the deceased.
He was prominent Mason. and
was buried from the Union Baptist
church. He was prosperous farm
The times and democrat. [volume] (Orangeburg, S.C.) 1881-current, 1909-07-15
BEES STING KILLS WOMAN.
Dies Quickly After Poison is Injected
in Her Right Temple.

Killed by the sting OF bee was
the fate of Mrs. Mary J. Buck a
resident of Garrison, Iowa. hive
of bees belonging to neighbor had
swarmed and lit on tree on the
Buck premises.
Mrs. Buck was sitting on the
porch Of her residence when one OF
the bees stung her on the right tem-
pie. She called for help and was
carried into the house. Physicians
were summoned. but before they
could reach her she was dead. she
only lived about twenty minutes alter
being Stung.
Doctors who We're called state that
it was the first instance, so far as
they knew. Of death resulting so
quickly from the sting Of Il bee.
The times and democrat. [volume] (Orangeburg, S.C.) 1881-current, 1909-07-15
Farmers Held for PcOnaSr.

w. S. Kemp and son. W. B. Kemp.
both prominent farmers OF winner
Ala, were arrested a few days ago by
Deputy United States Marshal Gates,
the charge against them being hold
ing persons in state OF involuntary
seryitude. Fou< negroes. alleged
victims, were carr I'd to the city of
Mobile with the defendants. This
is the second arrest Of farmers on
charges of similar nature. The ar
rest OF the men created excitement
at Wilmer and at Mobile, where both
are we'll known.
The times and democrat. [volume] (Orangeburg, S.C.) 1881-current, 1909-07-15
.REv0L 7 IN PERSIA
Portions of Government Troops
Are Making Stand.
FIGHTING I'M STREETS
The Nationalist Forces Entered the
City and the Fighting Started at
Once-The Citizens of Teheran Are
Wildly Jubilant Over Success Of
the Nationalists.

One thousands Nationalists enter
ed Teheran, Persia, at five o'clock
Tuesday morning by three gates
says a dispatch from that city. The
Cossacks occupied the central square
and surrounding streets. Fighting
started at once and vigorously pro-
ceeded for some time. The Shah is
momentarily expected to take refuge
in a foreign legation.
The Royalst troops, particularly
the cossacks, have taken up a po-
sition in the central square and sur
rounding the str-et:, and it is be-
lieved the Nationalsts will attack
their position in full forces if they
do not surrender.
Safety cf foreigners does not ap-
pear at this writing to be seriously
threatened.
Slpahdar and Sardaha, Nationalist
leaders, are in possession of the par
lament building. A body of local
Nationalist under the leadership OF
young Seyed have taken possession
of the residence Of Saad-Ed-Wowloh
the foreign minister. Many of the
Royalist soldiers, including num-
ber of cossacks, have deserted to the
Nationalists.
The populace of the city is enthusi-
astic over the advent of the Nation.
alist forces. They throng the streets
wearing red badges and offering en-
couragement to the revolutionary SOL
diers.
There was a sharp outbreak of rifle
fire Tuesday morning near the British
legation, but it did not last long
and the casualties among the Nation
alists were slight. The Nationalist
are in possession of the central Of
fees of the Persian internal tele-
graph system Indo-European tele,
graph line, the outlet to London, is
still working, but with difficulty.
The Royalists and Nationalists are
fighting in the square in front OF
the offices of the company, which are
under fire.