Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1909-07-03

to Imperial Rome. The remains Of the
lent city have never been adequately
Il 3explored there are niles of tunnels. an
Client streets and fragments Of 9hit,ld--
Il tngs buried under tine modern Consten-
4 tinople, which Is virtually city upon
! he grave of a city. Sa.
Il In " tf1elsyear $50 "A. d. the Emperor
Iifonstantine determined to make o. new
ital for the Roman empire, II e Sc
lected for this purpose EYE ntlanas
Il which henceforth was to be Know az
\ 8ConstantinQp le-the City of Consfan--
tine The modern Gonstantinople con !!
sists Of three parts 1 STAN boul ss5 or
Stamhoa the main city, on a blunt
point of land at the southern end Of
the Eosporus, and opposite STEAMBOAT
two lesser towns, Galata, TO the north,
across the Golden Horn, and Sautarl, TO
the east across the Bosporus, The
Bosporus is here a bout a mile wide
the Golden Horn, anS:inlet or harbor
some eight miles long; is from one !.
third to- one half mile wide. ialata y.
the modern port of commerce and Is.
connected with Stamboul by two pom
toon Bird ges. Back of II lies Per7a. am
other ancient settlement, and this mod
ern mont Turkish residence quarter.
REBUILT BY CONSTANTINE
Constantine virtually rebuilt Constant
tinople, and at the final disruption Of,
the Roman empire into two great rem
nants of the former majestic whole il
became the capital of the eastern .1re
Greek empire. The great religious
schism between the two branches of
Christianity that In modern days form
the Roman Ca tholic and Greek churches
perpetuated and increased the political
differences. From 395 A. D., to 14535
( A. d.. the eastern empire, with its seat
at Constantinople, kept alive Roman,
civilization and maintained on is tam
plies the Christian cross.
@ Learning conferred at Constantinople
as at Rome, and the antagonism be-
tween Rome and Constantinople led to
the assailing of the eastern city by ne
crusaders, who captured 1t in 1901 For
81 years the crusaders held sway; them
In 1851 they abandoned the city and 1t
fell back to its old position as the cen.
ter of the eastern church until the fol-
lowers Of Afohamnled came, in the me-
on the dome or st. Sophia the crescent
in place of the cross in 1853
The Turk won and the Turk kept
When all is said that can be said
against Mohammedanism IT must be-
admitted that it made unsurpos sed
lighters in the days when swords rath- A
5er than gunpowder determined the Isl
sue OIL !OsLLLleS by Ills TGilSlOlil LIE
Turk is clea.nly, temperate, a total alb
stainer from alcohol and a fatalist.
When his. time has come to die. and not
before, he will die, according to the
Koran. Since the invention and use of
.gunpowder he has not been SO success
full as a soldier; he lacks the discipline
and the long range courage that go
with modern warfare. But in the early
days he was conqueror wherever he
went.
MADE GREAT BY MOHAaIMED.
Starting from a point nearly in the
geographical center of Asia, the Turks
became subject to the Saracens. those
wild Arabs who invaded Spain and
have left many scattered fragments OF
their genius IN the science and the art
of modern Europe. The Arabs devel,8
oped a religious organizer of the first
rank in the history of the world, Mo-
manned. In the sixty-one years OF his
life that ended in 6S2 this wonderful
man laid the foundations of q great
empire. The Turks embraced Moharn-
mechanism and Nfohammedanism made
them a world power. 1t pressed them
forward to conquest after conquest. Ni8
@ IND err M ohammedan rule Constants
nople became q sertli-oriental city. The
Christian churches were transformed
into mosques; the streets and buildings
took on an pearance of Asia rather
than Europe: the local as well as the
general government became surcfarged
with suspicion. intrigues and despotism.
IS i