The Columbus journal. (Columbus, Neb.) 1874-1911, 1909-05-05
ENEMIES Of WAR
HOLD A CONGRESS
SECOND NATIONAL PEACE CON-
FERENCE IN CHICAGO.
EMINENT MEN ARE PRESENT
Statesmen, Diplomats and Political
Economists Assemble and Discuss
the Final Elimination of
Armed Conflicts.


Chlcago.-The sessions OF the sec
ond National Peace Congress, which
opened in Orchestra hall Monday aft
ernuUn, attracted to Chicago many
Thousand earnest enemies of war.
among them being many distinguished
statesmen, diplomats and political
economists. President Taft is the
honorary president of the congress,
and Secretary OF War Jacob NJ. Dick
inson is its active president. but Meth
or Of these gentlemen was able to
be present, owing to their official du-
ties. However. there was no lack OF
eminent men to preside over the SEES
Sions.
As j preliminary to the congress.
special peace services were held in
many Chicago churches Sunday morn
ing. peace meetings arranged by labor
and socialist organizations were held
in the afternoon, and in the evening
there was a big mass meeting. at
which addresses We're delivered by
Rev. Jenkin Lloyd Jones and Rev
Emil g. Hirsch. both of Chicago. and
President Jacob Gould Schurman Of
Cornell university
Welcome to the Congress.
Orchestra hall was filled to the
limit Monday when the first session
was called to order by Robert Treat
Paine of Boston. the presiding officer.
for governors. mayors and hundreds of
clubs had been asked to appoint dele.
gates, and most Of them had re-
sponded. President Decisions adj
dress, the same lie delivered several
weeks ago before the Hamilton club.
was read. and the congress was then
formally welcomed by Gov. Charles s.
Deneen for the state. Mayor Fred A.
Busse for the city and Rev. A. Eugene
BARTLETT chairman Of the reception
committee. The secretary then read
brief letter from President Taft. i'm
which the chief executive heartily
commended the aims of the congress-
Miss Anna b. Eckstein of Boston
next was introduced to the meeting
ami read World Petition to the
Third Hague Conference" This was
followed by an address by Dr. Benja-
min F. TrueblOOd, secretary of the
American Peace society. on The
Present Position of the Peace Move
ment"
What Has Been Accomplished.
Dr Trueblood said i'm part:
let me sketch in the barest out
lines what has already been accom-
plished. The Interpretation will take
care of itself
Il. The men and women. now
great host, who believe that the day
is past when blind brute force should
direct the policies of nations and pre-
side at the settlement of their diff
ferences, are now thoroughly organ
lied. A hundred years ago there was
not society in existence organized
30 promote appeal to the forum of
international controversies. To-day
there are more than 500. nearly
every important nation having
ats group Of peace organizations. Their
constituents are numbered by tens OF
thousands, from every rank and class
in society-philanthrop men of
trade and commerce. educators and
inrists, workingmen. statesmen. rulers
even.
Triumph Of Arbitration.
II. The position which the peace
movement has reached is no less dis
tinctiy determined by the practical at
tainments of arbitration We are this
year celebrating what is really the
one hundredth anniversary of the birth
Of our movement. for il was i'm 1870?
.,at David l.. Dodge. a Christian mer-
chant OF New York city. wrote the |
pamphlet which brought the move
rent into being. and led six years |
later 10 the organization in his parlor |,
in New York of the first Peace society |
IN The world. There had then been |
no arhitrations between nations in our |
modern sense OF the wcrd nations In !!
the 100 years since 1909 more /
rhan go important controversies have !
been settled by this means. not to |
mention an even greater number of |
of which involved the principle of ar [
bitratiOn. Within the past 20 years SO |
rapid has been the triumph of arbi- |
tration that more than 100 interna-
tional differences have been disposed
of by this means. or between five and |
TX a year for the whole 20 years. |
Arbitration IS no longer an expert |
ment II is the settled practice of the
nations A score OF disputes to-day 20
naturally to arbitration where one
gives rise even to talk of war.
The Hague Conferences.
I'll In order to determine further
the advanced position which the
peace movement has attained on its
practical side, the two Hague confer
ences and what they have &C.
comDiiShed must he taken into ac-
count. II is still the habit of some per.
sons TO speak disparaSingly of these
great gatherings and their results.
Some do it because they are satisfied
with nothing short of immediate per-
lection: Others because they wish the
whole movement for the abolition of
war To fail Othere do il purely from
ignorance
What have the two Hague confer
ences really done toward bringing
>.--,,
Cure and Tan Skins of Animals.
According to the Indian Trade Jour
al