davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-12-07
BY E. L. STEWART,
Yakima Wash,


we have an ideal apple country and
there is not 10-year-o old apple orchard
in the Yakima valley that is planted
TO the varieties demanded in the east
and has been well cared for that can
be bought to-day for less than $500 to
81 900 per acre, and are even selling up
to $4,000 an acre.
With ordinary care in selection of
location and right varieties and planted
about eighty trees to the acre. your
orchard will in ten years be worth an
average of $500 per acre. This would
lie an increase of $50 per acre each
year in the value of your land.
The first five years you can grow
crops in the orchard to its benefit, and
the next five years the orchard will
pay you twice as much as the same
acreage in hay or any cultivated crop.
AS to varieties, out Of our 1000 dis
tinct varieties of winter apples we
should confine our lists to less than ten,
and for my part, if planting 100 acres,
would not use, over four varieties. By
investigation decide what you will
plant, and pay no attention to the tree
agents hot air, who is only interested
In his commission, and the more I'M
salable varieties he can work off on
you the larger his profit. There are as
good trees grown by nurseries in the
Yakima valley as anywhere else, and
the nearer home the better.
A large number of writer's tell us to
"plow deeply, subsoil, dig large holes.
sd Ss to take roots without cramping,
a In bur soil an ordinary blowing
ID hi that is needed. Neither is there
any need for large deep holes"
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-12-07
TO STOP HALTER PULLING

To stop the halter pulling habit,
have the halter strap not fastened to
the headstall. but passed through the
ring of the halter and fastened to a
back strap at the top of the shoulders.
The back strap should have crupper
to it and be held firmly in place by a
strap around the body, the back strap
passing loosely through loop in it.
In this way the horse, in pulling back,
pulls on his own tail and will soon get
enough of it. There is no inconveni-
ence or danger in keeping such an
apparatus on until the horse is thor
oughly cured.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-12-07
FARMERS SHOULD OWN HAY PRES:

Every farmer who raises any con-
siderable amount of hay should pur-
chase a hay press. Excepting the very
limited market that is right at home
there is no market at all for unbaled
hay. hay press enables farmers to
put their hay into the one form in
which it can always be sold.
Baled hay brings better price thar
unbaled hay. The difference is, no.
merely the cost of baling. Farmers
who are prepared to do their own ball
ing can figure on liberal compensation
for their work and still have a mics
margin of profit on their baled hay
over what they would receive for II
unbaled.
If you raise hay for market be pre-
pared to bale it. Don't count your hs;
made" until you have put it in the
condition in which you can certainly
market it and get the highest market
price for 1T.
Manufacturers build one and two
horse presses that enable farmers to
do their own work. They do as good
work as the professional hay balers can
turn out with their belt-power presses
and do it fast enough to be satisfac-
tory.
They can be operated with very
small force, and, best of ALL they en-
able each farmer to bale his hay al
times when 1t is most convenient OF
when he has no other work for himself
and his boys to do.
| No alfalfa for the orchard 1t takes
! too much moisture out of the ground
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-12-07

during unreasonable weather and at
very small cost.
dollar will buy book of drawings
and instructions showing how to make
simple chairs, tables, settees and other
articles of furniture which are de-
signed on proper lines of beauty It is
pity that the art of making furniture
is no longer practiced at home. Before
the craze of jigsaws and steam planes
our furniture was made by father and
the boys, and the eagerness with which
these old-fashioned articles are now
sought after by art-loving people, who
pay enormous prices for them. is the
best proof Of it's value. The work is
being slowly revived in some sections
it is true, and it should be encouraged
by every lover of beauty and value and
every hater of sham.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-12-07
FISHY FLAVOR I'M BUTTER
7Hs7R0UBLE ATTRIBUTED TO PRESENCE
DiTl0NS IN THE CREAM USED

In all the experimental butter made
in the last three years there has been
no trace of tishy flavor in that made
from pasteurized sweet cream, churned
without the addition of starter. In
butter made from pasteurized cream
with starter added, but without any
subsequent ripening, there has been
no tshy flavor, with one or two doubt
full exceptions. On the other hand
many lots of experimental butter made
from well ripened cream developed
marked fishiness.
1t is evident, therefore, that there is
a direct relation between the acidity OF
cream and the development of fishy
favor in the butter. However, as the
work progressed it became apparent
that the acidity, although having d de-
termining influence on tishy flavor was
not the sole cause.
With this factor controlled it was
impossible to make butter with any
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-12-07
BY JULIE GORDON.

There is born in the heart of every
man and woman a love of the beautl-
full and desire for comfort. This germ
Of appreciation may strangled in the
early lives of children II they are az
lowed to grow up in the cold, comfort
less surroundings, or it may be MADE
to blossom and expand into deep
love of beauty if it is cultivated by
placing within their daily sight and
touch beautiful things in the home. A
child's character is shaped largely by
environment and it is our sacred duty
to make it as beautiful and hopeful
and as clean as our opportunities VIII
permit.
This work begins right at home and
it is positively wicked to neglect the
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-12-07
BY A. s. ALEXANDER,
College of Agriculture.

The raised painful launches" notice.
able upon the backs of cattle during
the winter season and early spring
months are due to large grubs or larvae
and are commonly termed Marbles"
The grubs are the product OF eggs
deposited by the OK MARBLE fly (hupo-
derma lneata) during fly time in sum-
mer and unless destroyed on removal
from the backs of cattle, burroW into
the earth and emerge after a time IN
the form of flies, to carry on their pes
tiferous work.
The old and apparently sensible IDEA
of the life history of these grubs is
that the parent fly deposits her eggs
upon or just under the surface OF the
skin of the cows back at place where
she can neither protect herself against
the fly by licking with her tongue nor
switching with her tall
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-12-07
ORCHARD NOTES

A New York man who has an or
chard of 1000 trees planted twenty
feet apart each way, plants currant
bushes five feet apart each way, except
in every other space running the long
est way of the field.
Montana fruit grower writes that
he thins his fifteen acre orchard OF
Macintosh Reds to one apple every
six inches and clips away the leaves
His apples are superb in every way and
there are no culls.
If an orchard is on low ground il
should be drained, because the air mus,
be admitted to the soil or the trees will
die.
Bees are the greatest friends the
fruit grower has. They do the work O.
cross polarization.
A 2-year- old tree can be started
more easily than 3-year- old. Will
some varieties a 1-year- old tree is ever
| better than 2-year-old.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-12-07

certainty that it would become fishy.
Frequently butter made from cream
with high acidity showed no trace of
this flavor
III was found that overworking the
butter increased the tendency to fish,
ness and this flavor could be produced
with reasonable certainty by overwork-
ing high-acid butter. All butter con-
tains considerable quantities of air, and
thls Is Increased by the working, thus
producing conditions more favorable to
oxidation
flshy flavor may be prevented with
certainty, says Mr.. Rogers. the govern
ment expert by making butter from
pasteurized cream, without ripening.
Inc addition of starter to pasteurized
sweet cream withoIxfsaSsquent ripen-
ing improves they 2asoT of the fresh
butter without azfsag enough acid to
cause fishiness. 4as4susfzotion Of sour
cream will not prevezs The development
of fishy flavor
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-12-07
GROWING APPLES UNDER IRRIGATION
Planting Two-Year-OId Trees and Root Pruning
Are Highly Recommended

In setting a 1-year-old tree | would
cut off each lateral root to a length of
two or three inches and for a 2-year-
old L would not plant root over six
inches long. All authorities agree that
it is highly important to compact the
soil firmly about the roots and that
root cannot grow except the soil is well
frmed, etc. Then why dig up large
space Just to get to firm it back? l
would say, dig small holes. Fifteen to
eighteen inches across is plenty large.
Then instead of trimming the broken
roots as most writer's advise, l would
cut each root, as stated above, to a
length of three to six inches. In this
way we establish the divisions of the
for each root cut off we get from three
to five lunches, mxsaplsing by that
much the food gaEaering capacity of
the system.
AS the success of the tree depends
on its roots. we cannot take too much
pains in caring for them. BY rights,
no tree should ever leave the nursery
until it is years old. 1t should be
taken up as yearling, it's roots close
ly pruned to make them branch, reset,
headed and allowed to grow year be-
fore being permanently planted.
All things considered, l believe 2
year-old trees are best, for the reason
that their roots have more wood in
them and can stand more exposure
without serious damage than 1-year-
old trees In handling trees remember
they can stand being out of soil about
as we'll as fish out CT water, and the
roots must at all times be kept wet.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-12-07
EASY WITH THE NERVOUS HORSE

To cure a "scary" or nervous horse
none but gentle measures are of any
use. To whip horse for shying at
an object only makes him the more
afraid of it. as of course he will con-
meet the whipping with it.
Sometimes horses are made scary by
having their foretops hanging over
their eyes, which gives objects the APP
pearance of moving.
When horse SHES at an object
speak kindly and reassuringly to him
and gently urge him up to it, let him
smell of it and see that it does not hurt
him. He will soon learn to have more
confidence both in himself and his
master.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-12-07

During the autumn the flock owner
should not depend too much upon nat
ural pasture. At this time of the year
it is impossible to produce good pasture
of any kind unless preparations have
been made early in the season by SOW
ing forage crops. With good pasture
and forage and the addition of very
little grain food the ewes can be kept
in vigorous, esh-forming condition
until the mating period arrives.-W.
Milton Kelley.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-12-07
BY S. G. MILLER.


What causes the fishy flavor i'll but
ter? That is something no one has
been able to find out until the govern
ment dairy foods undertook the task.
But even the government cannot lind
out all the causes, for there are more
than one. However, the main cause
seems to be some particular substance
produced by the oxidation of one of
the combinations of the acid develop
ment in the ripening of the cream. In
other words, it is caused by slow,
spontaneous, chemical change to which
acid is essential and which is favored
by the presence of small amounts of
oxygen.
1t has been generally accepted the
ory among buttermakers that sour
cream made the best butter. This idea
is reversed by the Investigations, which
bring forth the conclusion that butter
made from sweet cream does not con-
tain the elements that go to make fishy
favor.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-12-07
GULL YOUR POULTRY

Gull your flock of poultry as soon as
possible and get the surplus off to mar
ket, but don't forget to give them a
week or ten, days of extra care and
feed. 1t will pay big in the extra price
you will receive. If you ship them
yourself select those of as nearly uni
form size and appearance as possible
to fill each coop. There is money in
the good appearance of fowls, as Of all
else.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-12-07

100 orten we see sneep-anu good
ones at that-housed in places lilSs
that shown in the picture. This picture
was drawn from a photograph taken on
the farm of we'll to-do farmer.
One can imagine what the interior
of this hole would be after the winter
rains 1t is dark and entirely without
ventilation except for the front. and in
case of a driving storm sheep would
be in worse condition inside than out.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-12-07
A CHEAP MANURE SHED

OF all things upon the farm the ques
ton of how to get the best out of
manure should be foremost with us all.
The picture shows shed Sx10 feet,
seven feet to the caves; sides four feet
high. The end boards are held in place
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-12-07

gina experiment station says tnat Inc
loss of lambs in that state from e4-
posture and insufficient protection is
very great. Very frequently the only
protection afforded is an open shed'
providing only sufficient standing room
for the flock.
Most of the dead lambs are found
outside of the shed, the ewes having
taken refuge in a fence corner or some
exposed place where the lambs became
chilled before being able to suck.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-12-07

Wives of farmers in central Indiana
have rebelled against the practice of
making big dinners for the threshing
hands, and threshers now find they
cannot make contracts unless they pro-
vide their men with meals and sleep
ing quarters.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-12-07

Sheep never thrive if confined in
sheds that are draughty, too close, or
badly ventilated, and it is surprising
that men who have raised sheep for
many years with poor results do not
seem to appreciate this fact.
A shed with an open side on the
south and, with an allowance of about
twelve feet of floor space for each
sheep, should be provided. Every sheep
farm should have dog proof fence.
Professor Walter j. Quick of the Vir-
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-12-07

No alfalfa for the orchard. 1t takes
too much moisture out of the ground
River Falls journal. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1872-2019, 1909-07-15

due eare and diligence In the
ssp.f a 3T0--5. A custodian and
q ,tti~.fntendent of said memorial hall,
who ~ be ex-soldier or sailor, shan
be far rin:@l by the governor for term
OF flu strs, whose duty shall be to take
pro. ~ sffe Of said memorial col
ietiian md to procure additions thereto
and 80 display them as to make them
attrI.iiye aud instructive to visitors 70 the
stat "apit9l. Said custodian and superln-
tendeut snail receive an annual salary OF
twelve huudred dollars d year, which shall
be paid out OF the state treasury.
Section 2 There is added 70 the stat
utes new section TO read: Section S1e-
z "a There is also appropriated the
sum of one hundred and fifty dollars q
year. for the term OF two years, such
money 10 be expended by and under the
direction OF the custodian and supertn-
tendent. for the purchase and reminding
OF books and for the purchase and framing
Of pictures, the procuring OF war relics,
and for such other purposes as shall, In
the Judgment OF said custodian and super
fntendent, best answer the purposes Tor
which said hall is established
(2) The money thus appropriated shall
he paid out Of the state treasury upon
vouchers certified by the custodian and
superintendent Of the said memorial hall,
and approved by the governor.
Section 2. a sum sufficient TO carry out
the provisions Of this act Is appropriated
out Of any funds in the state treasury not
otherwise appropriated.
Section 4. This act shall take effect and
be In force from and after It's passage and
publication.
Approved April 10, 1909.
River Falls journal. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1872-2019, 1909-07-15
COPY LAWS OF WISCONSIN PASSED OF

used. No ballot shall be received or
counted unless prepared and voted sub
stantially as herein provided.
2. The ballot shall be In the following
form:
Ballot for election Of directors.
For (name Of company, home Office, post
Office address.
10 succeed the directors whose terms
expire as follows:
Instructions TO policy holders:
The policy holder is entitled to the same
number Of votes irrespective of the nHmber
Of policies and amount Of insurance held
by him, and is entitled to one vote for
e e1s. = and NAV cast all sncb votes for
one candidate or distribute them among
the number as he may elect. Votes shall
be indicated by q mineral placed after
the name OF the person voted for thus:
John Doe, Farmer. Madison, Wisconsin,
~
No fractional vote will be recognized.
On any ballot recording q greater number
than authorized only the first .............
votes will be recognized.
The ballot shall specify the number OF
holder, to be signed by him, and his sig
nature atteSted by a subscribing witness
and shall be enclosed IN q sealed and post
paid envelope marked on the address side,
ballot for directors" addressed to said
company at it's home Office without any
mark or designation to indicate the iden-
tity OF the voter mailing the same, and
mailed by him in person so as to be de-
livered before four p. M. on .............,
$780,.
The ballot prepared IN like manner,
without being postpaid, may between ten
A. NJ and four p. NJ. In said day be voted
in person by the policy holder at the home
Office of the company.
River Falls journal. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1872-2019, 1909-07-15

legally incurred by the old town
at the time when such division goes into
effect shall be chargeable to the respec-
tive portions so detached TO form such new
town; and such new town shall pay the
percentage of such Indebtedness
so declared chargeable to such detacheti
portions at such times as the same shall
become payable; and for that purpose the
town board of such new town snail levy
q tax upon all the taxable property or
such portions thereof SO chargeable there
with. The said boards In liking
the percentage of Indebtedness
chargeable to the detached portions shall
divide such Indebtedness pro rata, accord
Ing to the last assessment rolls or sucn
old towns Whenever territory shau De
detached from any town and snail De an
nexed TO any other town, or any new town
shall be, In whole or in part, created IRON
such territory so detached, the Town. 10
which such territory shall be annexed or
which Is so created, in whole or IN part,
shall receive from the town from Wnlcn
such territory was detached, its just snare
OF the credits. which shall be apporuoned
in the manner, : and by the Joint
board action above provided. Said joint
board meeting shall be held at time ana
place to be fixed by the county BOARD IN
Its ordinance Of division.
Section z This act shall take erect ana
be in force from and after Its passage ana
publication, and shall apply to DIVISIONS
made before this act, where the ad1ust
ments have not been made before this act
goes into effect.
Approved April %, 1909.
River Falls journal. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1872-2019, 1909-07-15

No. 1856, Al Published April 30, 1902
CHAPTER 81, LAWS OF 1903.
AN ACT to amend section 1919 Of the
statutes, relating to the assessment OF
taxes.
The people Of the State Of Wisconsin, rep
resented In Senate and Assembly, do
Section 1. Section 1919 Of the statutes,
receipt OF the certificate Of the .appor-
tionment from the county clerk said Town
clerk shall, upon uniform percehLaRe'
calculate and carry out I'm one Item oppo-
site to each valuation in said tar roll the
amount required TO be raised upon sucn
valuation to realize In his town the Wnole
amount Of state, county. school anq otner
taxes so certified, together with such town
and other local taxes, except taxes to pay
judgments, as are to be IeVle0 uniformly
upon all the taxable property In the town;
and all other taxes, II any, lncludlnS taxes
to pay Judgments In separate columns OPP
posite the valuation Of the property TO Dc
charged In an additional column he shall
enter opposite each valuation I've per CEN
tum upon the sum OF al the taxes charged
Of taxes unpaid for previous year" ne
shall enter opposite each tract OF land so
returned to HIN as aforesaid by the coun-
~ clerk the year for which s1ch tex re-
mains unpaid He shall enter upon said
rolf statement showing the several
amounts Of axes levied upon said town,
or any part thereof and for what pur-
nose: provided, in case the board of sii-
pervisors Of my county shall s. order.
said town clerk shall calculate and carry
out ia separate items the several amounts
of taxes rs are to be levied uniformly upon
all the taxable property OF the town In
separate columns on such roll, the form
OF which may be prescribed by such coun-
ty board.
Section q This act shall take effect and
be in force from and after Its passage and
publication.
Approved ADril 20 1009.
River Falls journal. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1872-2019, 1909-07-15
Published April %. 1909.

NO. SUs 81 tPuDuSneQ Apru 70, 11U0
CHAPTER II, LAWS OF 1909.
AN ACT to amend section 1884 OF the
statutes, relating to the refunding OF
taxes on void sales.
The people of the State of Wisconsin,
represented in Senate and Assembly, do
enact as follows:
Section 1. Section 1884 of the stat
utes is amended to read: Section 1854.
II, after the sale or conveyance of any
lands sold for the nonpayment OF taxes and
within the time hereinafter prescribed 1t
shall be discovered that the sale or the
certificate Issued thereon was invalid, the
county board shall make an order, briefly
stating the reason therefor, directing that
the sale. and all subsequent charges there
on, and all subsequent taxes paid on the
lands described therein by the purchaser,
or his assigns, be refunded With interest
to such purchaser or his assigns,
upon the delivery of the certificate or deed
to be cancelled; and if the county treas
urer shall, In pursuance of such order,
offer to the person entitled thereto his
money as aforesaid, and he shall refuse
tifcate or deed, he shall not be entitled
to receive any interest on the money so
paid by hiIa after the day of such offer
and refusal; nor shall any recovery ever
be otherwise had against the county Oh
such deed or certificate. But no sale, GER
tificate, or conveyance shall be deemed
invalid within the meaning Of this section
by reason Of any mistake or irregularity
In any Of the tax proceedings not affect
any county be liable to pay or refund any
moneys by reason of any such mistake or
Approved AT fl %, 1909.