Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1909-03-07

ly settled portions of the cities wher
 land is expensive. This quite. natur
 ally results in overcrowded stable with the accompanying evils poo
 light and ventilation and contracted
 yards for exercise, frequently filth,
 and knee deep with mud after rain
 The feed Is usually of a charactel that requires the least space for stor. age and is influenced to zume exten' by local conditions of production.
 Practically all of the milk sold ia supplied by the producer direct, very little being transported by rail- With the methods ordinarily in use, eli matic conditions necessitate two de- liveries day, which frequently bring the production of the herd to the con sumer ill less than five hours. Bot ties are used only to a limited eX- tent, and the practice of dipping from the open can prevails where the milk is not drawn through faucets.
 The quality of southern milk is generally satisfactory from the stand point of milk solids. Where Jersey blood prevails in the herd, the milk will average from 4.5 to , per cent of fat When the quality is unsatisfac- tory from the sanitary standpoint this is due in the main to lack of know ledge of proper methods and to lack of cleanliness. Producers of limited means of the tenant class whose con- ditions necessitate a struggle with a small business to produce a living most frequently have small barns and milk houses as we'll as inadequate facilities for the proper handling of milk and washing utensils.
 Inspection. .'.' -
 The sanitary side of dairy inspec tion has not been given the attention due but improvement is being made in this direction. At Atlanta, Ga, uni forem inspectors provided with bug gies look we'll into every condition and see that the rigid rules incorpor- ated in the city ordinances are re- spected. In Louisville. Ky. the activ- ity of the officials has done awayk with the sale of milk from swill-fed fairies. This warfare has had its effect in other cities of the State against milk from COWS fed on dis tiilery slops.
 Proper Feed.
 In order that COWS may produce the most milk and do 1t economically, they must have feed suitable in char acter and sufficient in quantity. The common practice of buying feed is ex- when all rough feed and at least part of the grain can be grown. Green feed is important, and this can be provided in the winter by a silo, This and the added advan- tage of the long pasture season are two very valuable features which are l not being fully taken advantage of 1 The Dairy Division of the Bureau of 1 charge, plans for the construction of | silos l
 Summary. 1
 There is no branch of agriculture nat is more needed in the South than iairying. As conditions now are, nore is consumed than Is produced. The country in general is adapted o dairying, and with better stock md improved methods the South can upply it's own demand. l,
 Southern dairymen as rule do lot practice the most economical me- hods. The average COW produces 'nly about half what 1t should. Too nany of the dairies are in the city l, ,nd should be on the farm where etter milk and butter could be pro- uced. The whole situation could be i'll three essentials, better ows, more homegrown feed, bet er product l( It is the desire of the Department f Agriculture to have the work taken D and continued by the different { tates of the South so that the Fed ral Government may withdraw after he work is we'll started, and some tates have already taken hold. Agriculturalists and dairymen who re interested can secure much avail ble information from the Twenty { ourth Annual Report of the Bureau , f Animal Industry, volume of sev- ral hundred pages. Application hould be made to a member of Con- ress. The portion dealing with pres Tt dairy conditions in the South has cen issued separately in pamphlet