The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1909-10-12
resentative labor mar hak ana
confer with king and pope?

Saturday had been called by Professor
Montemartini. Director of the Ma
tional Labor Bureau The Dodles rep
resented We're: The Superior Council
Of Tlabor Signor Chiesa; the Perrna-
nent Committee on Labor, Signor Ao-
biate: the Superior Council on Emil
grafton, Signor Nitti; the superior
Council Of the Navy; Slgnor Bruno
the Commissariat on Emigratlon' Sls-
nor Rossi; the National Provident
Rank prof. Nedolaghi; the National
Confederation of Labor, Signor Quar-.
t~ieroni; the National Federation OF
Agricultural Laborers, signor Vez-
Zeni; the Parliamentary Commissloh
of Inquiry into the Conditions or La
Dor in the Southern Provinces, Prof.
Colletti; the Municipality of Rome.
Mayor Ernest Nathan; the Chamber
Of Commerce of Rome, Com. Careful;
the Assessor Of Hygiene OF Rome:
Prof. Rossi Doria; the
Of Milan, DR.. Schiavi; the Rome LABOR
Exchange, Signor Sabatina; the So
ciety of Italian Agriculturists, Prot.
Burttini; the Association of Travelling
Chairs of Agriculture, Signor Migliani.
The Association OF Manufacturers OF
Milan the Manufacturing League OF
Turin. and the Agricultural Assembly
Of Rome also 'adhered,' as they say
here. This list is here given simply
because Of its significance. The titles
Of the gentlemen attending the meet
inc are here omitted, though every
one had a title, among the least being
Member of Parliament" several
were prominent trade union officials.
Prof. MOntemartini read a formal ad-
dress Of welcome. Two hours were
taken up with the discussion Of labor
questions. among them the attitude
of the American unions toward Italian
immigrants.
Another meeting was with delegates
fror, ~, r;n,,c FOL n fro Il a unions c0n-
ed bv Nicola TrevisOnnO, a strike
leader known throughout Italy. The
object, as stated, was to discuss how
the stream Of italian laborers going
yearly to the United States might be
so directed as to lessen competition
with American labor. diminish the
~hardships of the Italians. and result
in especially benefiting the farming
interests Of America, through timely
assistance in gathering the crops.
rather han in quitting the industrial
la b market in a few places. 1T is
necessary said the circular letter
calling the meeting, that such labor
should be disciplined, organized, and
skilled in the work it is to accom-
plish." On the whole. there was profit
amicable feeling at least, was pro
noted. However. i curious mental
attitude was here disclosed. as has
been the case quite uniformly in al
most every Ot1eI similar OCCASION. IL
was assumed that. first, immigration
to America is a right. and secondly,
that emigration from European II
tries is to be an inVariable social phe-
To both of these assump-
tons / have taken issue. The United
States, like any other nation, may, If
essential, choose, regulate or restrict
immigration. And much Of the energy
exerted by Italy andother governments
in sending their citizens out Of the
land Of their birth ought to be direct
ed to making their lot more tOlerable
at home. italy is by nature rich
enough and big enough for millions
more thar its present willing and in
dustriOus population.
In Rome, the distinctive working
class movement is three-fold. CD
regular trade unions which usually
are in some degree associated with
Socialism, and these unions are looked
upon as rather conservative; CD the
Socialist party, led by the 'Intellec-
tuals;' and CD trade unions and
other somewhat sporadic and non
permanent striking bodies the sin
discalistic'D, which hold strictly aloof
from politics. Sometimes their enc
mics apply to them the epithet 'anar-
chistic,' but leaders among them tel
me they are simply radical individual
lists, with a definite program for i'm
mediate economic steps, with the
strike as the main weapon. They as
sert that they have already a record
of success. though their movement is
the latest form taken in Italy by the
discontented 'pro1etariat.' While the
Socialists as q party ave not held a
formal meeting to greet me. the other
two organizations just referred tc
have done so-and the Socialists in
numbers have attended. Besides, 9
very good meeting was held yesterday
by the Central Cooperative Society
of Rome, with speeches and a COLA
ton afterWard.
It is to be remembered that at al
these meetings my addresses, made
: in English. were translated, invaria-
t bly, to patient audiences. A one Of
, yesterdays gatherings, there being nc