Republican farmer., 1909-04-02
RECIPROCITY
 WITH CANADA
Review of Treaty of 1854 Which Continued in Eff
 feet Until 1866.

Annexation Suggestion -
 Subsequent Tariff Rela-
 tions and General Tariff
 Conditions Discussed In
 telligently-Some Present
 Co1ditions Predicted.
 (Tbe following article was written by uss x Bolles, editor of the New Milford E4aette. prior to his death several Years ago, and was forwarded to the k11Rid now appears in print for the first t$ne--Fd- Farmer.)
 liberal trade arrangements with Canada were demanded by the Dem + ocraxic party in the national platform Of 1904. A large number of the peo- pie Of New England, Republicans as we'll as Democrats, favor such ar Engagements with our northern neigh Massachusetts, where the recent Pres adential election Q90D resulted in the choice of a Republican for the Pres1- dent of the United States, Roosevelt seceivtng q plurality of sz,o76 over Rr1umoh cf Douglas, the well known ahoemAn and q Democrat. his plural aty over his Rspublioan opponent for
 
 ouG1as. under such peculiar circum-
 k1nces, 1t as known and admitted, @18 largely d1e to his demand for a lower tariff and free raw materials. DGxttcularly AS regards our trade with |kHnAdn- Since the national election 1he growth of the sentiment in favor of lower tariff has been marked ehroueAout thi. country It is evi,
 NdhGN Either the Republican
 fty malst within a reasonable length
 lime yield to the urgent demand or
 IS will be a political revolution, the
 epublicans going out of office and 1he Democratic or some other political party pledged to give tariff reform coming into power. Accordingly, we may expect tariff agitation to occupy . foremost place during the next few gears and may look for the people to manifest unusual interest in a sub 1ect 70 intimately connected with their Welfare. That portion of the subject which deals with trade arrangements with Canada and. in a lesser degree, with the other Brftfsh Provinces of North America must. on account of 9ontigutty and the close relations in oeDnxable from it, as we'll as for other 1easpun, be of unusaal interest to the ; people of the Eastern States. But 1he topic is far too broad to receive complete treatmenf in one article, and 1n the present paper merely attempt 1o oet forth in as simple and popular a form as can important historical
 
 E bear1ng on our commercial relations with CaHA,dA-
 ssIhe Reciprocity Treaty with Can X ada of 1854' included in its provisions not only Canada but also the other British American possessions, and was concluded between the United States and Great Britain. It consisted of 0even articles which provided for mu- tusl rights of fishing in certain Ca madam and American waters, for free 1nterchange of the products of the sea, tho soil. the forest and the mine: the treaty a1eo a234wed Asuerfcann the use of ti1c st. LAwrence liver and Canad- Ian canals on the same terms as Brit feh subjects enjoyed. and gave to Ca nad1ans the right to. navigate Lake
 Tn third article of the treaty read 0S fo11oW8:
 Article III. It is agreed that the erticles enumerated in the schedule and produce of the aforesaid British colonies. or Of the United States, shall be admitted into each country respec- lively free of duty
 SCHEDULE Grain, flour and breadstuffs of all Kinda Animals of all kinds. E'fesh. smoked and salted meats. Cotton-wool. seeds and vegetables. JSpdried fruits. dried fruits. fdAh- of all kinds. Products of fish and all other crea- tures living in the water. Poultry, eggs. Y Hides, furs, skins or tails, undressed. I Stone or marble, in its crude or un- evrought state. Slate. Butter, cheese and tallow. E Lard, horns, manures. Ores Of metals of all kinds, Coal- f Pitch. tar, turpentine, ashes, Timber and lumber of all kinds | round. hewed and sawed, unmanufac- eured in whole or in part. Ffrewood. Pfants, shrubs and trees ] Peifs, wool. F1sh-oil. 4 Rico, broom-corn and bark Gypsum, ground or unground. l Hewn or wrought or unwrought | burrs or grindstones
 Flax hemp and tow, unfanufactur- Cd; unmanufactured tobacco.
 Rags. me first thing to be noted as to the causes which led to the adoption of | the reciprocity treaty is that the de- sire and the demand for it came from | Canada, that province decidedly talk Ing the initiative while the; attitude of | the United States was at first indif- ferent, not offish. The Canadians | were stung by the unjust tariff pol Icy of England toward them and sought relief and additional prosperity | by aiming to secure improved trade relations with the United States whose rapid and remarkable advancement in wealth at once excited the envy of and | served as a stimulus to the tagging | people just north of the great repub- lie. England had imposed on Canada (7ffterential duties which discriminated | fns favor of the former country and | against the United States and contin- ued the unpopular policy until 1S45 when it was deemed best to placa te | the people by permitting the Canadian Legislature to regulate it's own tariff; aud in the exercise of it's new priv nege the provincial Parliament in 1847 abolished the differentia1 duties and admitted imports from the United | Etates on the same terms as from Ereat Britain. Prominent among the! causes that induced the British gov ernment to change its attitude the tariff was fear of the marked tend ency in Canada to favor annexation to