davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun., 1909-01-02
TAxES.

To THE EDIION OF TIKI SuE--Sir: II ID
a popularity Of taxation OF imports thai
judicial power has little practical contro
over II, Congress can lay almost any
duties IL pleases and for any purpose
There are. TO be sure, certain general
principles that should control the legis.
iative power. such as that taxes should
be for public and not for private pur-
pose and only to get money; but which
is a public and which private purpose.
and how can the courts prevent taxa
ton by Congress for any purpose other
than solely 10 obtain money! II may be
said that Congressman should not vote
for a tariif bill that is dishonest because
for purpose other than getting money,
but II such bill shall be enacted how can
the dishonesty be proved in oourtY In
July, 1892. Mr.. Justice White, now on the
Supreme Court bench, but then Senator.
made very pertinent remarks on dishonest
tarin legislation. and so did President
Cleveland In message Of 1855 on his
signature OF the oleomargarine bill. The
upshot OF II all is that there is in practice
little control outside Of the ballot boxes
That is a. true Of collecting as OF laying
tarin taxes. lhe courts are permitted by
Congress TO interfere to prevent the in
fiction Of an illegal rate. but over all else.
including dutiable value and quantity,
executive officers are supreme II Con-
grees has prescribed a 30 per cent, rate
the courts can prevent the collection Of
IS per cent rate by false classification
or any other pretext. but when the foreign
value 10 only tl0O the appraisers can make II
$500, and 80 per cent. Of the last named sum
can be levied. II would probably not he
expedient TO require Judges and juries to
iy dutiable values, weights and measures,
but that shows how cautious tariff makers
should be, Laying duties on homo value
instead Of foreign value will not remove
the difficulties
Nothing Is now heard Of the claim made
In the days OF Henry Clay and Horace
Greeley that foreigners pay our tariff
taxes. We lay and collect three hundred
millions more or less annually on foreign
imports. IL is an old conoeit that foreign
ers apd not our consumers pay that huge
sum by the necessity of reducing accord
"ky thvh iOiolku bollHk pItCpo anu tuC
dutiable values on which our ad valorem
tariff taxes are laid We have outgrown
that fallacy
Taxes Of every sort enhance the cost
OF production and selling prices. Taxes
reperouss and diffuse with fierce energy.
No consumer can escape them. The
taxes laid OIL the owners Of the Waldorf
Astoria property are shared and paid by
those who have bed or board there. The
nearby dealer who takes there his sump- !
tuous luncheon probably makes his Gus
toners pay for IL by increased prices for |
that which he sells.
Against income taxes Mr.. Carnegie |
naturally protests lest he be made liar
He is a genuine altruist IN taxation and
he selected d taxing sltus
for his innumerable millions OF steel
bonds and then invited the taxing SOW
ereignty u the place to come. value and
tax The rate OF our city tax Of i.elt07 per
centum on those millions OF bonds would
10 Its total seem boon for our Greater
New York " levied and collected here.
NEw YORK. january. NJ.
The sun., 1909-01-02
Mystery and Detection.

Mr.. Fred NJ. Whites story Of The
Sundial' (B. W. Dodge Il Company 10 a
tslo Of mystery. Tho reader viii not be
awa-e Of this Immediately He will sup
pose at first that the call upon him will
be merely to sorrow for tho dissensiors
Of a married pair He will read how
John Charlook. the artist Of genius. was
given 10 de-k. unhappy moods; how
those were due chiefly 10 the frivolity
and extravaganza of his beautiful wife;
how on the night whom he. child died
Mrs Chsrlook was surro2titiously at
Mrs Bromley Martins playing bridge;
how Charlock appeared among tho card
players at 3 in the morning. entering the
drawing room through one Of the French
windows as dawn was breaking; how
"the intruder was not in evening dress:
how -he was attired in a shabby flannel
suit, his hair dishevelled, his short brown
board In disorder; how "there was an
almost sinister suggestion Of powor about
the short blunt nose and deep set cleaning
eyesN and -anger as well as bitter con-
tempt written on the features as he strobe
Kate Charlock was soated': how as he
laid his hand upon his wife's arm -it was
small wonder that the grip should have
been close as that Of a vise.'
The first hint Of mystery. OF the sort
OF matters with which detectives con-
oern themselves. comes sharply at the
end Of the third chapter. John Charlock,
walking in his garden, noticed that the
fountain was no longer playing in the
shallow basin at the foot OF the sundisl.
Some dark object lay there" He called
the gardener. Together they bent over
the object in the basin. Charlock's face
grew pale. The gardener shouted in
open mouthed dismay. They had the
object out on the grass nova black,
wet, horrible thing. with pale. sodden
face. 'Hortense. my wifes maidp Char
lock whispered How did she get here?
How could she have fallen imp Excuse
me, sir the gardener said huskily. but
it looks TO me like foul play"
II did look 80. The first clue picked up,
h finger torn from On india rubber glove,
will perhaps be associated by the keen
reader with the circumstance that the.
Of Hortense was soorohed as
we'll as water soaked. We do not believe,
however, that any reader will be able 10
guess why a man OF Arnold Rents oon-
siderable experience should have been
shy about going 10 a pawnshop. or what
need there was fer DIR. Tapza, the Italian
In the story.
The sun., 1909-01-02

NJ. BESEDETTI. the Corsican who, fail
ing to obtain a lottery concession. fired
two shots at the window Of an office oo-
cuPied by Premier CLEMEScEAU. pleads
that his act was only gesture to OBJ
tain his rights. President FAILEREs aud
Major DHErFus have almost been the
victims Of the gesture" While the OBJ
ject Of this new development In the art
OF persuasion seems to be TO frighten
rather than to slay--M. BESEpErTI fired
up at the window, not at NJ. CLEMENcEIU
as target the gesture" unless properly
managed might be fatal, and as practice
is not allowed by the authorities. no stick
Ter for justice can be sure Of his pro-
ficiency.
The sun., 1909-01-02
The Army of PacitlcatlOn

On the last day of the old year the
evacuation OF Cuba by the American
Army Of Pacifcation began, a detach-
ment OF marines, 3S7 strong, embark
ing on the auxiliary cruiser Prairie for
home The Moro is a picturesque
relic, most eloquent of the memories
Of the Spanish regime. but the Amer
ioan soldiers must have bSen glad to
see it recede to the horizon.
The Army Of Pacification has been in
Cuba for more than two years, and there
are few il any instances of military
force on guard duty among an alien
people conducting itself with more re-
straint and propriety. 1t has had three
commanders, Generals j. FRANKLIN
BELL, THEODORE J. WHIT and THOMAS
II. BARRY, and its greatest strength has
been less than 5000 men and officers.
On October Is the complement was ?s6
officers and 1853 enlisted men, distrib-
uted among twenty-three stations in
Cuba and the Isle Of Pines. The garri-
sons have been outside Of the cities and
towns. and while the army has been
held in readiness for active duty il has
performed none in fact il has gone
through the same routine prescribed for
it OH the home stations. 1t has not even
done police duty, except in relation to
the American soldier, the purpose be-
ing to relieve the native police of the
responsibility of dealing with him in his
seasons Of relaxation. For instance,
there 70 always a detail of commits
stoned officer with a squad to look after
soldiers on leave who patronize the re-
sorts OF a quarter in Havana where they
are likely TO get into trouble. During
two elections the Army Of Pacificaticn
has had nothing TO do but await call
to reinforce the police and the Rural
Guard, but the summons has not come.
In fact, the stranger in Cuba is scarcely
aware OF the presence of American SOL
diers In the cities and towns. and when
they are seen on leave there is nothing
Of the strut and swagger in their appear
ance that IL usually TO be remarked in
soldiers on foreign service.
But the Army Of PaCification has not
osen on its good behavior 80 laud-
ably without strict injunctions To
avoid quarrels and To bear itself dis
crcetly, IN some cases looking the
other way, hardness oi hearing and
even humility under provocation have
bean necessary. We do not mean 10
The sun., 1909-01-02
NEW BOOKS.
m the Broken Heart 20 Darien.

A fine description OF a ship marks the
opening OF Mr.. John Masefleld's story
OF Captain Margaret" ~. b. Lppincott
Company. PhiIadelphia). The Broken
Heart was not u large vessel-only SD
Ftons. She seems a good deal larGer than
that as We read about her. She was
constructed OF aromatic cedar Her
builder was Peruvian Spaniard, a gloomy
young man with the heart OF an artist.
aShe had the impress OF her builder in
her. a moufnful state. kind OF battered
grandeur, a likeness to a type OF man
hood" The detail OF the description Is
remarkable. II sets the Broken Heart
before us with peculiar vividness. Like
many another seventeenth century ship
she had passed out OF Spanish into Eng
lish hands. There is a remarkable de-
scription also OF the men who sailed in
her on the expedition 70 Virginia and
Darien--of Capt. Margaret, her owner;
Capt. Cammock. her calling master;
Margaret's friend. Perrin Stukeley. the
handsome and abominable. and many
besides.
We may quote a brief passage de-
scriptive OF Stukeley: He was tall.
powerful, we'll made man, OF physi-
cal type more common In Ireland than
In England, but not rare here. He was
above all things a creature OF the body.
One had but TO look at him to realize
that when he died there would be little
for RhadamanthuS. One could not like
the man; for though his body had kind
OF large splendor IL was the splendor
- he If N
a splendor really horrible. II Is horrible
to sec any large thing without intelli-
genoe. The sight is an acquieecence
in an offence against nature. Tom Stuke-
Icy was designed by nature for the posi-
tion OF publican. He had the vulgaity
and the insolence Of a choice English
bagman In the liquor line. together with
this handsome body, red face and thick
black hair. BY the accident OF birth he
was a gentleman" He was newly mar
ried to Olivia heroine Of this tale, long
beloved by the dreamy and spiritual
Capt. Margaret. Olivia, too. was mem
Der OF the expedition.
There Is a great deal about the atti-
tuds OF Capt. Margaret toward Olivia
and about the attitude OF almost every
body toward Stukeley that we should
never believe IL IL were not in the story.
We we're glad that the dialogue OF the
tale was not In the archaic style that
Is too usual In stories OF another day; at
the same time II Is a strain to supply
credence when we find these seventeeth
century sailors reported as saying 'No.
and -All right. all right and
"seeY' and -B geel" Neither can we per-
suade ourselves that anybody on that
expedition to Darien really called any
body else cad
The punctuation In the book is peculiar.
1t is copious always. and the use OF periods
for dashes Is sometimes perplexing. Thus
we find Olivia, speaking of the forgive
ness that she was prepared TO expend
upon the faithless Stukeley. reported
rs saying: Il have. 1t. II he'd turned
to me-" and an exhausted sailor crying
out in the course OF a battle at Tolu;
Take. These feathers. on my teeth
But the descriptions Of the battles
With the Spaniards are very fulfilling.
We do not think that there will be any
complaint Of them.
The sun., 1909-01-02
The Great Need OF the Navy.

Az Admiral Luce shows in Army ana
Now Life, a reorganization Of the navy
IN not only simple matter in point
OF fact but its methods are too obvious
for discussion. He exhibits the multi
plicity OF bureaus with the consequent
confusion, repetition, imbecilty and
expense, and indicates the remedy
clearly. He declares that the seven or
eight bureaus should be reduced TO two
material and personnel and he as
serts further that even these two should
be robbed Of their statutory authority
to issue orders of oven value with those
Of the Secretary himself and reduced TO
. proper subordination to the general
scheme. The whole bewidering struc-
ture ought to be obliterated, the ma
chine and store shops subjected to a
single management and the supreme
control confided TO the Secretary of the
Navy, with a small board Of military ad-
yisers--not large board to enlighten
him in all technical and professional re-
spects. Thus, with the luxuriant under
growth cleared away and the service
placed upon at least rs practical basis
% any ordinary private business, the
Secretary would be free to apply him
self to the development Of the navy
along legitimate lines.
All this, however, must be done by
law, 1t cannot be left to the caprice
or the emotion Of civilian secretaries.
BROWN may act wisely, JONES may be
enveloped in the murk of selfish solci-
tude that invariably encompasses a
new chief, As things are, the fate vi
the navy is thing of hide and seek.
Mr.. NEwBEkRY has just consolidated
the Engineers with the Constructors.
The former are OF the line, the latter of
the staff, but he has put Mr.. CAPPs, a
lendsman, at the head. This is not a
forward step-it Is a surrender to the
prevailing obsession. 1t will do no
good. II will not advance the cause
at all. And his successor, under the
present dispensation, may do some
thing still more futile What we want
Is legislation, and what really compe-
tent Secretary should do is to reorgan-
ize on the basis upon which he desires
Congress to act, so that the desired sys-
TEN may be in evidence for purposes of
illustration. Mr.. NEwBERRY has not
done this. He has still further OBJ
secured the outlines of the only desirable
reform.
The navy for its salvation wants def
mite law, and not the passing fancy of
an individual
The sun., 1909-01-02
Pheasant, No, swin Enough for Kansas.

FIoH pe ~ DoTudO HepurNdh
We don't somehow believe the "pheasants-
being planted" ip the State by the game warden
will Increase In numbers To our mind they are
not the Kind Of game bird suited 10 prairie
country They ere not "swlft' enough and the
hawks. eagles, coyotes. coons and other war.
mlnts" will get them. There were prairie chick
ems quail, squirrels and rabbits here In 1857 and
they are here yoE and II Kansas wants 70 have
game birds" u should protect The quail and
prairie chickens that we already have. There
are thousands OF prairie chickens within thirty
miles OF Fl Dorado, and there would soon be hun.
dreds OF thousands OF them N they were not mo.
Tested. We had buffalo, elk white tall deer. ante
lope and turkeys ATTY years ago. but they are no
longer here because they we're not protected
There are day hundreds OF thousands OF prairie
chickens In the sste--p principally In the western
psrt-whlle there are millions Of quail. A Butler
county farmer told us last week that there are
hundreds OF prairie chickens OF his farm. He
will not allow anybody 10 shoot them. Ns az anst
the law 10 shoot prairie chickens at any time In
this county. We have no faith In the phessants
a. they are not smart enough 10 get out Of the
way OF the "yarnlnts". and besides they are too
easy to Kill with dog and gun, Let us have more
quail and rrsirle chickens and fewer rheassnts
The sun., 1909-01-02
Canadian WORTHLESS.

A dignifed and worthy manner Of
celebrating the teroentenary Of the foun-
dation Of Quebec, which means prao-
tically Canada, and at the same time
the one hundred and fiftieth anniversary Of
Wolfe's defeat OF Montcalm Is the series
OF biographies in twenty volumes which
Morang and Company Of Toronto have
been publishing for a few years past
under the title THE Makers OF Canada.
Celebrations pass away and leave but a
faint memory; monuments even give a
reminder only TO those who take the
trouble TO go out and see them, but a
record like this OF all the men who have
amounted 10 anything In the history
OF their land must abide with patriotic
Canadians forever.
little space is given 10 the founders
and pioneers. This is natural aud sensi-
BILE. for the story Of French Canada has
been written over and over again, and
by greater authors than Canada itself
can turn out nowadays. Still the early
history is not wholly neglected; il is de-
: -----------------
-.
The sun., 1909-01-02
Mhi.tIInk slsn Of Contempt.

Moroccan shows his contempt OF anything
BY whIstllng, a conflict between tnbeSmep Anc
a battalion OF french troops was recently pre-
clpltated by the whlstllng Of a locomotive on
railway being constructed near Caseblanea
The giAours are laughing st u.s." said a chief
tain when the construction engine gave a tool
TO warn the natives at work on the line 10 looi
out. The Arabs went wild, mounted their horses
and rode on the whIstilng enemy. They had Ia
be calmed with the whiStling OF rlHe balls.
The sun., 1909-01-02

ditiopal annual revenue obtalnable from
the three sources named would, as we
have seen, amount to only s35,oOo,OOO.
Where will the indispensable other
se5,OOo0o0 be soughts To that question
the answer remains as yet a mystery.
The sun., 1909-01-02

Mr.. WILaUB TnrouT seems to he able
to break his records Of aeroplsne 1ight
almost at viii, but 1t does not follow that
such feats arc easy for others. Making
aeroplanes hY evidently requires -nerye,
aptitude and practice. Those who brave
the new sensation will have TO serve an
apprenticeship.
The sun., 1909-01-02

PgnIsviaTnrv correspondence Piusburo Dispatch.
Twenty four Punlsutsvnsy citizens 10 day
organized the Mary Wilson Memorial Association
10 erect monument In honor OF Miss Wilson,
who died last month sitter serving nifty ave years
as = teacher In the primary schools here II Ia
the intention TO md all the pupils possible and
through subscriptions raise enough money TO
erect monument.
The sun., 1909-01-02

Paris once. - Rue Louis le Grand. The daily
end 6updsy editions are on sale at Kiosaue Ia near
thu Grand Hotel Klosque II. Boulevard des Cap.
eeheS. corner Place dc rOpers. and Kosoue 10,
Boulevard des Itsllens, corner Rue Louis e Grand.
The sun., 1909-01-02

There was no particular reason for an
inquiry 10 confirm the Presidents dis
covery that II an army Of 2,eoo, 900 fighting
men had 10 be mobilized the majority
would have 10 be armed with "shotguns
The sun., 1909-01-02
FIr,t white Man in rennnl,sni,.
From NE PhRadtIphia Record,

A. recent meeting OF the Bradford County
Historical Society steps were taken TO celebrate
the advent OF the FIRST white man In PennsyIvanl
The man Is believed 10 be Stephen Brule, one Of
chsmrlAln's Interpreters, who visited the Indian,
In Bradford IN 1918.
The sun., 1909-01-02
Man 90 n. Watched IN missouri.

FROM ht BeioH Herald,
NhI3 a gentleman wearing q cutaway coat.
plug hat Lid gloves and a gold headed caue
enters your intellectual laboratory keep your
eyes on the cash drawer, brother editors
The sun., 1909-01-02

n our friends vho faeor Us plh pidnusc npiS ,or
fbhieoaon riSh n hare rcJeeted articles returned
sv psssi IN eR eases send stamps ior hG. purpose.
The sun., 1909-01-02

Londoa once. Efnngham House. 7 Arundel
street. strand. The daily and sunday Sun are on
sale In London at Aurrny's EIchlnge, Trafalgar
hondhgS Northumberland avenue, Pail Mall
Anaericsn aud Colonial Exchange, Carlton street.
Regent street, and DAVIS steamship Agency. II
Green street Leicester Square
The sun., 1909-01-02
Rem, ,mbsrin. IN. F.u,,, .,o.n.,

From Inc Jt1srson ,otJ PSHsu.
y, \. Jones's big hog weighed T2s mounds Just
after killing. That Is some hog. And he tss,es
nne too. az the Rsrkw felix's win tostify. Joe
never forgsts this family Journal.
The sun., 1909-01-02
THE PRESIDENT AND THE ARMY
HIS Authority Over 10 subject 20 the
legislative Powers Of Congress.


To THE EpIToR or TEE sUS--Sir' sena
tor Lodge Of Massachusetts, In the debst
OF December 10 upon the bill to restore y
the army rolls innocent members oil IN
discharged battalion OF the Twenty-hftl
Infantry asserted tho authority" OF tn
President I'm his own right over the ARM
and made q sensStional prophecy OF re
taliation- In the event OF Congress under
taking to "usurp executive functions
Said Senator Lodge:
He tthe prssldentl holds that high place iCom
mander 10 Chief and authority In hlS own Tlght
not by statute or by grace Of Congress, and J
cannot be lmpared'or taken away ftom him py
any law thstwe can pass. tlCongTess
cannot undertake ~ deal with those psTtlcual
men or usurp tho power OF the Commander 10
chIet 10 govern the army subject only 10 tho Con
| stltutIon and laws " Congress under
takes 10 usurp executive functions retaliation Is
sure 10 follow, and history shows that In con
tests OF that sort II always the one man ciolhen
with executive authority who pronlS anu mol
the legislative body.
The term executive functions" and the
sweeping assertions OF power involve every
executive department, not merely tne
army. Senator Lodge has reHshted the
fame OF contention Of executive power to
combat which the people destroyed IN turn
tue pdEtlSS OF ftoUTy tloy ob'
Jackson The Lodge assertions are conf
parable In Senate debates only to the vltrl-
olic denuncistions by senator Thomas II
Benton OF the resolutions OF censure oi
President jackson for the executive order
OF 1888 TO Secretary fancy TO remove the
Treasury deposits held BY act OF Congress
In the Bank OF the United States. with
this "usurpation" began the era Of slavery
domination over the rights Of the free
States TO regulate their own shairs.
Roger b. Taney, who as Attorney-Genersl
suggested the removal and as Secretary of
the Treasury performed the act. became
three years later Chief Justice OF the SUI
preme Court, In that capacity he rendered
the FIRST decision under the fugitive slave
act OF 1850 upon the Dred Scott case. order
ing the return to slavery OF runaway
negro who found shelter In Ohio. The re-
vulslon OF sentiment among the people OF
the free States sent the Whig party up
Salt River" IL caused the organization OF
the Republican party. pledged to maintsin
the reserved rights OF the States, upon which
both Fremont and Lincoln made their
campaigns.
win the proposals to deprive the states
Of their control over local ind ustries be pre-
ceded by an unrebuked abuse Of power In
another department of the admin list rati ion
OF public afairs1 Eliminating the single
proviso subject to the Constitution and
laws" which wells II, there IL included in
the declaration OF Senator Lodge as quoted
bald threat OF retaliation" upon Congress
II Il exercises its constitutional powers 10
review. moderate OF repeal any laws and
regulations for the management OF the army
and navy or other executive departments.
Must retaliation" be expected II Congress
"A
The sun., 1909-01-02
Hts Itmttatlons,

knicter Does he understand the parts OF an
auto
Bockcr-M except the upteep.