The Washington herald., 1909-01-10
- IoHN $ HARDWOOD.

created Pilgrims Progress; DE roe
called Robinson Crusoe and his man
Friday into being; Cervantes conceived
Don Quixote," and Tasso wrote many Of
his immortal epics.
Nor are these fruits OF the prison to be
found only in times medieval There
are many men living to-day, or VINO have
died only recently. who owe much OF the
lustsr % their names 10 the reflections o.
involuntary solitude
Francis KossuTh. the Hungarian states
man. who again has become prominent
because OF the dual empires new raclal
problems. growing out Of its spectacular
ACQUISITION Of Bosnia and Herzegovina
obtained his earliest Inspiration. as did
his famous father before him, in the Sc
clusion OF dungeon
When only eight, in the year lS+9- after
the downfall of his father and the defeat
Of the cause Of Hungarian independence.
the younger Kossuth was taken prisoner
and consigned TO cell in the fortress al
Presburg. Though only a child, the ordeal
made a lifelong impression upon his mind
and awakened his love Of country far
more than all the fiery words Of his
father hitherto had done
While al Presburg. the son Of the pa
triot was put 10 a test which proved there
was true Kossuth blood in his veins A
handkerchief which was discovered
pinned over his heart, proved to Pc moth
ing more than a miniature Hungarian
flag. He was seized forthwith and drag
ged into the presence Of the Austrian
commander, who Numbered
The boy must tear the flag 20 tatters
or be torn into as small bits himself
Young Kossuth herewith took the
handkerchief. opened the bosom Of his
shirt. and rcpinned the cloth over his
heart.
Take him back" muttered the com
mandCr 4 only wish ne was my boy.
Rises To Leadership slowly.
Francis Kossuth did not rise 10 leader
snip in the hgbt for his country with the
sviftness. visor and the overwhelming
enthusiasm Of his father Being less or
an ideaIist. he hesirated before 6etermiR-
ing which was the more practical course
10 follow Accordingly he did not appear
IN Hungarian politics until long after his
liberation from the Presburg prison. his
years Of education in England. his life as
q civil engineer in Italy from which he
Al last returned TO Hungary upon his
fathers death IN 1894 when he brought
hack the remains of the famous patriot
in accordance with the edict or his COun-
Iryuun
First @ member Of Parliament. later the
leader of the party Of independence Fran
els KossrIth rose rapidly in influence and
popularity When The Hungarian Parlia-
ment resisted .ucroEcumeuts upon its con
stitutioual rights, he was able 20 head
the coaIesced parties that formed the ma
jori;y Of the -hOUS-- There IS a diversity
OF opinion. however. rs TO whether the
son has taken the place Of the father in
the hearts OF the people. Some say his
political saSacity Is greater others that
10 Is lacking in depth and affected. re-
gaUdinE himself rs an ariSJOcrat Of the
English lord type.
Although often blamed for concedinE
too much in his negotiations with the
ministerial party. he has peTsevered sue
CeSSfUlly in many Of his efforts 10 obtain
what the people have demanded For ex-
ample. he made q special issue OF the an
periaI order that the German language
should be used IN the Hungarian army in
stead OF Hungarian, and resisted Emperor
Francis Joseph so firmly that the latter
was compelled 10 abandon his purpose
The younger KcssUth frequently has
said that the goal Of his ambition is the
absolute independence Of Hungary. but
that this can be realized only by peace
fUI and legal means Agitation and in
surrection. he SAYS. would only endanger
Hungarian liberties and postpone indef-
initely the day Of Hungarian emancipa-
ton
4 Dusky Queen a Prisoner.
Even in the imprisonment Of the dusky
LlliuokaIani, who again has returned 10
Washington 10 press her claims against
the United States. there were borne Ger
tain fruits Of fame. which the Hawaiian
ex-Queen has treasured greatly. During
the few months that she was in prison
she composed q number Of songs. one OF
which is sung by her supporters as the
national anthem.
At the time OF her Incarceration how
ever. Queen Lii as the last Of the
Hawaiian rulers was known by Der Amer
lean born subjects. regarded her plight
as infamous. Indeed. il was a striking
contrast TO her former grandeur On be-
ing proclaimed queen on January .. 1901.
upon the death of King Kslakaua, her
brother. in san Francisco. she sought
still further 70 increase the splendOr Of
her court Her brother. after trip
around the world in 1881. had decided that
the little one-story coral abode where ne
and his predecessors hitherto had ruled
contentedly was too humble. even for d
sovereign Of only 5S009 people. accord /
ingly. he bl0ssomed out IN a brand-new
S34o000 palace.
Queen LII. however had lived too
long at the Palace Hotel in san Fran
cisco, and carried back 10 the mid-Pacifc /
too many bargains from New York shops. |
10 be satisfied even with the Injuries
which King kalakaUa imported. Aspir-
ing 10 more power and revenue. she at
tempted AT last 20 abolish the constitu-
ton. Her own downfall was the result.
being forced from the throne on January
50. 1898. when provisional government
was set up, and annexation to the United
States proposed.
Forced to 60 TO Prison.
Under the extreme penalty Of a $3.50
fine. and five years hard labor. this too
ambitious woman was compelled TO ex-
change her palace for a prison. where she !
was not at first permitted to have even a /
scrap Of paper 10 write on. But there was
no peace within the four walls Of the |
place until writing materials were sup
piled; and so they were.
All her imperial demands for musical /
instruments. however. proved unavailing. |
the Queen even being told by one Irish /
guard that her playing might make the /
prison too popular. Accordingly. she ]
spent her time hUmming the melodies that 1
came into her head. jOJting down her 4
compositions upon paper as fast as she /
composed them.
Not only are the songs Of the ex-Oueen
10 be heard in the land where she once
ruled There are regions in the United 1
States where they long have been Dopu- 1
lar airs, for the reason that many OF the 1
inhabitants came from the Hawaiian \
Tc1a-5- 1- .-.---o-+- ~ ~ --s--s-