davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Dawson news. (Dawson, Ga.) 1889-current, 1909-09-29
WINTER GROWING LEGUME
A CROP OF VETCH is WORTH
MORE THAN JACK FROST.
Equal to Coat of Stable Manure For
Next Crop. How the Southern
Farmer May Even I'D.

Equal to Coat of Stable Manure For
Next Crop. How the Southern
Farmer May Even Up.
From the Progressive Farmer.
Messrs. Editors In the course
OF a conversation l had with the
editor of an Illinois farm paper, Just
before / started farming, thirteen
years ago, came the question of eli
matte conditions and their effect on
the soils. Special stress was laid bv
said editor on the desirability of To-
eating north for the ground to be
subject to both frost and snow: for
with those conditions, he told me.
there would be an advantage over
the soils further south, where the
frost was very slight or was no factor
at all, and where the winter rains
robbed the soils of their fertility,
and the question of maintaining a
profitable productive condition was
a serious problem.
In a previous article I referred to
the necessity of having at least a
cover crop to protect the southern
Isoils from winter teaching, and if
that crop is of the legume family,
such as the vetches and crimson
clover, and adds to the nitrogen al
ready existing in the soil, it can
readily be seen that it has the adj
vantages over one that does not do
rhls-one is nitrogen consumer,
the other a nitrogen gatherer.
What a Crop of Vetch Is Worth.
The New York state experiment
station issued bulletin a few years
ago giving the results obtained, af-
ter several years experimenting
with both the cowpea and the vetch,
as to their value as soil improvers.
The station credited the pea with
56 pounds of nitrogen per acre per
season, while the vetch gathered
252 pounds. That was in the state
! of New York; the difference might
be less in the SOUTH cannot say
but after my experience with it l
am about ready to believe anything,
however eXtravagant, concerning
vetch. Corn that l have planted
after it has done better without any
fertilization than similar land that
has had no vetch, but has been
heavily coated with we'll rotted sta
BILE manure
This is an age of progress, and if
we would be in the van we must
use not only our own brains, but also
the thoughts from the brains of 9TH
ers.
Just so long as the farmers were
controlled by conditions of climate
the north would have the advantage
in soil fertility over the south, for
Jack Frost would aid him by lock-
ing up the fertility of the soil until
the spring crops were ready to take
it up, while that of the south, or q
great quantity of it, would be washed
into the Atlantic Ocean or the Gull
of Mexico.
The Dawson news. (Dawson, Ga.) 1889-current, 1909-09-29

| only our native birds are with us
they increase more rapidly, owing to
the fact that larger insects afford a
much easier means of subsistence to
| the feathered tribe and few of our
small birds are at any loss for abund-
ant feed In the localities they fire.
quent Besides this, the caterpillar
is given to going down into his food
plant out of sight, and if any vent
uresome bind was found picking into
a half-ripe tomato, for instance, the
average gardener would be apt to ac-
cuse him of eating the fruit and be-
gin war ON him at once.
The moth which produces these
caterpillars hides very carefully dur
ing the day, so that it is seldom
found by the kingbird and other in
sectiverous species that frequent
open lands, and few remedies can be
found to cope with the insect in this
stage of his existence. AS most of
the nocturnal species of this tribe,
however, are attracted by lights and
delight in the taste of sweet Things
the usual lantern baited with pois-
Oned syrup might be tried with ad-
vantage when they are in danger of
becoming a pest Heliothis armiger
is the scientific appellatiOn of this
insect.
The boil weevil is a beetle that
has been introduced in the south
west in comparatively recent years
1t invaded this country from Mexico
as soon as a path was established
for it by the extension of orr cotton
fields in that direction 1t is as
yet by no means certain that it will
become the scourge it was first feared
it might be. Conditions vary both as
to soil and climate Through our cot
ton belt, and parasitic insects of a
nature well adapted to hold it in
check are tolerably abundant. The
government is giving it an expert
study and as it has not yet appeared
in this eastern section, at least in
any considerable numbers, it may be
truly said that there is no use try
ing to "cross the bridge before we
get to it,"
In closing this article | cannot but
express my establishment at the
seeming lack of interest of the farm
ers in this immediate vicinity In re-
gard to the destructive insects. The
past week I have been called upon
for reports on ten species of insects
from other parts of this state, as
well as two from neighboring states.
but people here seem to just think
bugs" are a nuisance and not worth
a second drought.
The Dawson news. (Dawson, Ga.) 1889-current, 1909-09-29
The Boil Worm and the Boil Weevil

BY w. j. HoXie in Field Naturalist.
Contrary TO the opinion of most
of my correspondents these are two
perfectly distinct species of insects.
The boil worm is the caterpillar of
species of night-fying moth that
has been known in the south since
the discovery of the country, but ii
is only recently since the deprcda-
lions of the boil weevil have been
brought into such prominent notice
that its habit of attacking cotton
has been specially considered by
farmers 1t is much more generally
known from its fondness for corn
and tomatoes, both of which it at
tacks to the very considerable dam
age of those crops.
1t will begin on the cotton as soon
as the blossoms open and its pres
flowers found in the alleys. The
young soft bolls are also attacked,
but as soon as they harden they be-
come immune from it's attacks. This
moth is quite prolific, laying several
times during the season, and it is
probably much more of an enemy
to the truck gardener than to the
cotton planter. It's ravages are prob
ably held considerably in check early
in the season by the migratory birds
which then pass through the south
and are most persistent cleaners of
minute insect eggs. Later on when
The Dawson news. (Dawson, Ga.) 1889-current, 1909-09-29
A REMARKABLE FEAT ACCOMPLISHED
The
the Famous Black Canon the Vale
A Barren Is RecIai

On Monday the eyes of the people
of the United States were centered
on desert town in the southwest
corner of olorado-Lujane
At the hour of high noon Presi-
dent Taft touched an electric button
releasing a spark; and miles away,
out of a tunnel through a spur in
the wilds of the Rockies, the Gun
nison river was diverted from the
world-famouS Black Canon and
rushed into the Uncompahgre Valley
with the rumble and thunder of a
cataract. Into huge canal it
seethed and roared a deluge of mott
en- silver ten feet deep and eighty
feet across, travelling at the rate of
a mile a minute with a force of
5000 horsepower. At the rate of
5000 gallons minute it flowed, fill
ing 400 miles of lateral canals that
gridiron zoe, 0DD acres of brown,
lifeless desert, uninhabitabIe, bald
The Dawson news. (Dawson, Ga.) 1889-current, 1909-09-29

general way they know all about
their farms and farming operations,
but what is wanted is accurate in
formation. Therefore, the director
of the census desires the farmers to
have the information required ready
when the government census TAX
ers call on them for it. 1t may
often happen that when the census
taker calls the farmer will not be
at home, and other members of the
family will not be in a position to
give the information. Therefore, the
director thinks that the farmers
should write out answers to the CEN
sus questions in their leisure mo-
ments, and thus have it ready when
the census taker calls. Even if the
farmer is at home when the call is
made he will be better able to give
correct information if he has thought
over the matter beforehand and
made some notes.
Practically all farmers read the
newspapers, and it is expected by
the director that they will get the
questions they are expected to an
swer from them. OF course, in the
article published by the newspapers
the questions were not set out Just
as they will be on the census blanks,
but it is pointed out what kind of in
formation is wanted, and the farm
ers, having collected the information,
can either write it out or have it in
their minds ready for the call of the
census takers.
The farmers are not alone inter-
ested in the value of the farms, crops
and live stock on the farms. Practi-
, cally everybody is interested. In
fact, there is no more valuable in
formation collected by the census
office than that relating to farms and
farm products. Therefore, the farm
ers would confer favor on the
whole country if they would do what
they can to assist in having a cor
rect census taken of these two
things. 1t is certain that the farm
ers are going to make a big show
ing in the census. They own a very
| big part of the wealth of the coun-
try. AS the creators of wealth they
are head and shoulders above any
other class. The interest is great,
therefore, in knowing what they have
accomplished in the last ten years.
| Savannah News.
The Dawson news. (Dawson, Ga.) 1889-current, 1909-09-29
FARMERS ARE DISAPPOINTED
Gold COTTON FOR FUTURE DE.
LIVERY AT 10 AND IL CENTS,
Price Has Gone to Nearly 13, and
There Are Those Who Believe
1t Will Reach is Cents.


Much disappointment is being felt
nv large number of farmers
throughout the section surrounding
dawson because of the fact that they
sold cotton for September and Octo-
her delivery at figures which are
considerably lower than the price
spot cotton has been selling all of
The season. Middling cotton has sold
as high as twelve and five-eighths
cents per pound.
Even as early as April and
throughout May, June and July
many farmers were anxious about
the price of cotton during this fall,
and fearing that there would be a
large crop made throughout the
south sold a part of their crop. The
sales were made on the basis of what
futures were worth at that time
For instance, if October futures were
eleven cents in May farmers entered
into a contract with exporters which
stipulated that they should receive
dDUuL ~ "A Venus IOI 81 Iuduy UdI0S
to be delivered in October.
Large amounts of cotton were sold
as low as ten and eleven cents, and
few farmers early in the year sold
for nine cents and less. The farmers
however, must now fulfill their con-
tracts, although they will secure
from half cent to two and a half
cents under the market price.
The Dawson news. (Dawson, Ga.) 1889-current, 1909-09-29
WHAT IS NEEDED OF FARMERS
Some Reasons Why They Should Be
Prepared to Answer Questions
the Census Man Will Ask.

We published the other day a
statement from the Census Bureau
pointing out what the director of the
bureau was expecting from the farm
ers in the way of information next
year. The director makes it clear
that a correct census of farm values
and farm products cannot be had
without the assistance of the farmers
themselves. Of course they are will
ing to give all the information that
is wanted, but they are not always
prepared to give it. AS a matter
OF fact only a small percentage of
them are prepared to say, at a mo-
ments notice, what the value of
their farm is, what the number and
value of their live stock are, what
the value of their crops for the year
and the number of bushels of corn
and wheat and bales of cotton. In
The Dawson news. (Dawson, Ga.) 1889-current, 1909-09-29

as the palm of your hand, cracked
open in seams and assures with the
bombardment of ages of suns.
AS the flood gushed forth dyna-
mite mines crashed salute amid dust
and rocks and pebbles, clouds of yell
low fumes waiting lazily toward
azure skies. Then the news that the
first of the cOuntry's gigantic irri-
cation systems had been put into
operation was telegraphed through
out the land. A desert, where no
creature could have lived, has been
reclaimed. Five thousand forty-acre
farms, the home sites of $4,000 men,
women and children, have been
thrown open. Crops, herds, villages
and towns with refineries, hay press
es, and other factories will spring
up amid that fertile so:I-from the
beginning of all time the range of
the viper-through the wizard touch
of the engineer, turned into a gar
den spot, a source of inestfanable
wealth to the nation
The Dawson news. (Dawson, Ga.) 1889-current, 1909-09-29
SHOULD USE HEAVY BAGGING.
Here Is Something For the Farmers
to Think About.

Here Is Something For the Farmers
to Think About.
1t is worth remembering that bet
ter bagging will not only pay in
other ways, but by giving a heater
appearance to the bale is almost
sure to secure better price for the
cotton. Discussing this subject a
writer in the Cotton Journal says
SO long as the present plan pre-
walls farmers should make it point
to buy the heaviest bagging sold,
and put on each bale every pound
OF tare to which the cotton is en-
utled under the rule of deducting
b per cent. of the gross weight for
covering. A bale weighing 800
pounds is entitled to SO pounds of
0agging and ties, while bale
weighing 400 pounds would be en-
utIed to only "a pounds. Light,
1imSy bagging, or secondhand bag
sng, should not be used. Every
farmer should buy new bagging,
weighing ~ pounds to the yard,
ana put on s yards and bands for
each 5O0-pound bale. If the buying
world insists upon deducting per
cent from the gross weight for tare
lnen put on the tare to the full linn
IT, because bagging and ties are much
C,neaper under such conditions than
lint cotton"
The Dawson news. (Dawson, Ga.) 1889-current, 1909-09-29

Die IN the entire state, and in many
respects is a model. 1t is cultivated
on the intensive plan, has a perfect
system of drainage with terraces and
hillside bitches, many of which are
severed with pipe, and roads run
nlng IN four directions through the
farm The roads are built on ap-
proved methods, and are as well kept
and In as good condition as any of
the best public highways and city
streets.
The News knows of no other farm
IN all of Southwest Georgia that can
be compared with it.
The Dawson news. (Dawson, Ga.) 1889-current, 1909-09-29
Get Ready Now to Sow vetch.

l like to plant veteh at the end
of September or the beginning of
October, although it can be planted
in November, but unless very open
weather the later date cannot be de-
! pended on for winter grazing. The
vetch plant depends on rye, oats, or
wheat to keep it from the ground
as it is something of the same ma
ture; in fact, / believe it belongs to
the same family of plants as the
garden pea, only more slender in
growth. Wherever the garden pea
thrfves, so also will vetch. Soil that
has produced the garden pea can be
used to inoculate the ground for
vetch, and without inoculated soil
the vetch is not to be relied upon
the first year. With the soil inocu-
lated it is customary to SOW Is
pounds of yetch and a bushel or 5
pecks Of oats or other small grain
per acre.
Sometimes 1t is little difficult to
get the crop started where condi-
tions are not just right, and if you
do not succeed at first try again, for
it is worth trying for. / find little
stable manure sometimes very help
full in getting start; but after you
have once succeeded in getting it
adapted to your soil stable manure
will not be needed.
]. LEWIS LEE.
Horny Co.. S. G.
The Dawson news. (Dawson, Ga.) 1889-current, 1909-09-29
Vetch Builds Up Land.

But the twentieth century de-
mands that the farmer should con-
troll conditions, and instead of the
southern farmer being a creature of
circumstance he must be a creator
of circumstances. Then whenever
that takes place he has an advant-
age over his northern brother of at
least two to one. For, while the
latter's soil is firm in the icy grip
of winter the southerner can, by
fall sowing, have fields of living
green through the months of winter
that he can, if he chooses, use for
pasture, and in any event get a good
crop of hay that is worth in this
locality $40 per ton, and at the same
time improve his soil ready for the
summer crop of corn, potatoes, or
whatever. Thus, he makes two
crops, each of which is more valu-
able than such crops would be in
the north, where the northerner can
only make one. Remember all this
is done at the same time that you
are improving your soil at a faster
rate than Jack Frost can do it in
the north. i fertilize for the win
ter legume by using the cheapest
form of ertilizer-300 to 400
pounds of acid phosphate and SO
pounds of muriate of potash per
acre, costing not more than $3.50.
This does not look like a very large
sum alongside the $40 to $50 l get
in value per acre from the hay.
Thus it can be readily seen that the
winter legumes can bu14d up worm
out soils and pay you handsomely
while doin1 II
The Dawson news. (Dawson, Ga.) 1889-current, 1909-09-29
MORE $65.OO PER ACRE LAND
Mr. J. r. Adds to His Already Farm on the Ont
of Dawson by Buying Two Hundred Acres From
Julia NaswOrthy A Model Plantation

More s65 an acre Terrell county
,.nd has changed owners.
Mr. 7. R. Mercer has bought of
,,rs lula Nasworthy 200 acres of
,an5 that adjoins his farm touching
40 southeastern limits of the city.
rho nrice paid was $65 an acre, the
o,no that he recently gave Mrs. G.
cannon for 400 acres that also
adioined his farm.
This recent purchase gives Mr..
Mercer 100 acres of land, all in
on1t.vation, just out of the corporate
limits Of Dawson. The farm Is one
- the most magnificent and valua-
The Dawson news. (Dawson, Ga.) 1889-current, 1909-09-29
BUYS FARMERS PRODUCE.
Electric Railroad Encourages Them
to Raise Better Crops.

an electric railway management
n Maine has instituted the policy
VI gong into the agricultural dis
GIcts and buying the farmers pro-
'uce' practically at his door. The
t,oJect is not the profits accruing
1Iom speculation in produce, but to
encourage the people of the district
W raise more, bigger and better
"QpS, so that the railroad may have
laFger freight traffic. The consid-
vaation seems sufficient to the rail
,oaQ' 70 the farmer the advantage
NJ dealing with corporation whose
mp r depends on his own, rath-
GA man transacting his sales through
changers ont in distant cities, is appar-
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1909-03-31
$ ODONNELL & CO., * sgMTEE; sU94E ,no, ~.


her mother. Mrs. Anna Nj. Davis for
brief stay.
Miss Corinne Barfeld. a beautiful
and talented young woman Is on an
extended stay In Brunswick, Ca,
visiting her aunt. Mrs. Levy.
Mr.. l.. w. Woodward. OF the Wood
ward Lumber Company. OF Augusta,
Ca. who have the contract for the
erection of our imposing Court House,
Is guest at the Central Hotel.
Hon. A. w. Jones. comptroller gen.
eral. was In Manning on the 26th on
official business.
Hon. j. Fraser Lyon, attorney gen.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1909-03-31

DuRant, March 27.--Eugenia Col
slough. coiored. became violently In
sant on Tuesday and was taken to
sumter and placed In jail to await
she decision Of the physician before
oeins taken to- the asylum.
Miss Matte Gailliard has been
spsrding sometime with relatives in
0ummerton.
Mr.. James Reaves represented New
Alarmony church mt the meeting OF
fresbytery which was held at Mt.
HON this week
A cyclone passed through here
Wednesday night. The depot was
nftsd from its foundation and house
partly completed. belonging to Mr.
Jse DuRant. was carried some dis
aAnce and put safely upon the ground.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1909-03-31
MANNING NEWS NOTES.


Manning. March 29.---Mrs. Thomas
Nimmer. a native OF Beirut. Syria
but a resident with her husband and
seven children OF Manning of 1a
years and who Is a remarkably beau
tiful woman OF the oriental type will
In da- or two pay long promised
visit to her sister Mrs. f.. NJ. Fuller
of Brooklyn. ". Y. She has man,
friends In Charleston. Sumter and Co.
lumbia.
Much to the regret of the younger
social set OF Manning. Mr. Jack Lev,
has returned TO his home at Atlantic
City. ~. J. He has relatives I'm Man.
ming. Sumter and Philadelphia. ant
many friends In those towns. as well
as In Charleston. who admire hin
for his sterling qualities.
Nlr. J. Lide Wilson and his accom-
pllshed wife and family have remove,
To Mlller. Ga. much to- the sincere re
grct OF their hosts of rfiends.
Mrs. G. y. Rigby. OF Gastonia. ". C..
and the winsome Miss Lillian Harvin
are visiting relatives In Manning.
MIR. w. r. selby. of Mayesville. 1
former accountant OF this town Is ;
guest of Mr.. c. T.. wilkins.
Miss lula Harvin OF the Columbia
pubic schools Is on a brief visit 4
her parents. Mr.. and Mrs. c. II. Mar
vim.
MIR. J. r. Mcclure. Jr.. one Of An
demons financiers. is In Manning oI
xusiness.
The petite Martha Davis is visitinl
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1909-03-31
sSarTHvILLE.

Su,ithvilie. March 2e.-we had a
rain and wind storm on Thursday
noVing accompanied with consid-
srable amount Of hail. The stones
belng small but little. II any damage
~0s done.
Corn planting Is the order of the
cay with those who prefer a genuine
heme- made article. Some think they
en- make cotton enough to buy every
thinE regardless of price. When, oh
vhen, will the farmers of the South
eru States realize the Importance Of
onAkIng as near everything at home
= possible. II they would only reduce
1he Icotton acreage say one third and
Dlant that In grain what difference
Z WOULD make. The farmers have the
world in a sling IL they only knew It..
Mrs. and Mrs. Payne of Macon. Ga.
ere the guests OF Mr.. and Mrs. w. s.
smith.
Mr.. +. c. Robertson spent Tuesday
< - Camden.
Mrs. r. Tom Grier AMI daughter,
11hrs Minnie. visited Mr.. and Mrs.
3ames Robertson recently.
Mrs. Calvin wactor and Miss s.
Prsvett, visited Mrs. T. c. Robertson
recently.
~. ID. =. Robertson spent Monday
n Camden.
Mr.. G. +. Nans and family attend
- tievine services at McLeods' Chap
Dol last Sunday night.
II has been said that preachers do
ssvs chicken but Judging by the love-
, n cabbage and other good things In
ths garden OF Rev. J. n. Strickland,
n must be herbiverous as well as
earniverous.
Mr.. and Mrs w. H. shiver spent
Inst saturday with Mr.. and Mrs. ]. w,
nobsrtson
Mrs. ID. J. Hatfield spent several
1s1s' last week with her her mother,
Mrz w. J. Hatfield. OF Bradford
0prings.
4r. and Mrs. s. L. Robertson Wis.,
Nd relatives in this vicinity in last
Sunday.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1909-03-31
COUNTY CORRESPONDENCE.
WwsY LETTERS FROM OUR sPE.
CIAL CORRESPONDENTS.


NOTICE TO CORRESPONDENTS.
Mall your letters so that they will
seach this office not later than Mon
Cay when intended for Wednesday,
paper and not later than Thursda,
for saturdays issue. This. of course
applies only to regular correspond.
ence In case of items of unusual
pews value. send In Immediately by
1ail, telephone or telegraph. Such
n&ws stories are acceptable up to the
hour OF going 20 press. Wednesday
paper Is printed Tuesday afternoon
and Saturdays paper Friday after
noon.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1909-03-31

sociai laVorite in society in Summer
ton and Manning. spent several davs.
much to the edification of his friends.
ON the evening Of the 27th. Trinity
Cross Roads. between Manning and
Alcolu, Installed Camp of the Wood
men of the World.
Alderman X. Nj. Masters, was here
IN the interest of his contract on
Court House.
Mr.. +. ID. Sallinger, the affabJe RON
resentative of the News and Courier.
was here on the 25th.
Mr.. Nicholas Ittner, of Atlanta. one
OF the leading contractors Of the
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1909-03-31

eral, Is in Manning on professional
work
Mr. James r. Parker Of the North
Carolina Home Insurance Company,
of Raleigh, Is here in the interest Of
his company.
Mr.. w. III. Mobley Of Columbia,
was In Manning in connection with
dispensary matters.
Mr.. p. G.. Bowman, of the Sumter
was In Manning Friday.
The charming Miss Lou Gaillard,
of Silver, was here on the 9th, much
to the qualification Of her friends.