Atlanta semi-weekly journal. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1898-1920, 1909-09-10
ANTHRACNosE oF CoTTON.

ANTHRACNOSE OF COTTON.
W. r. c.. Sanford, n. c., writes
would like all the information you can
give me regarding authracnose of cotton.
How is it prevented or cured?
Anthracnose of cotton attacks both
seedlings and mature plants, though the
greatest injury is inflicted upon the bols.
The disease begins as a minute duh red
dish speck upon the surface, which en-
larges and becomes circular. 1t changes
color as It gets older, the edge becom-
ing dull purple, grading off gradually in
to the natural green Of the boil. In the
middle the tissues decay. first becoming
black and finally covered with a pink
powder which contains the spores. When
young hollis are attacked and the condi-
lions are favorable to the disease, they
are sometimes killed outright. In the
case OF actively growing bolls, growth
on the diseased side is checked and the
boil becomes misshapen. At other times
the bolls open prematurely and expose
the lint which rots. Sometimes the
stems of the plant are attacked below the
surface of the ground. The tissues at
this point redden and shrink and the
plant withers away. Sometimes the
leaves OF the young plants show the dis
ease by irregular dead spots or patches
on their margins. The stem may also be
affected somewhat after the manner of
the boil.
The cause OF anthracnose is due to
fungus which is a true plant similar to
cotton. though much simpler in its struc-
ture. There are two parts to this plant
the mycelium, which is composed of
fine colorless threads that grow into the
tissues OF the cotton to obtain food; and
the spores which are formed at the ends
OF the threads, and constitute the pink
powder commonly seen on the surface
Of diseased bolls. Their purpose Is to
multiply and spread the fungus to other
plants, and since they are easily scatter
ed by the wind and other natural agen-
cies II Is not surprising that the disease
spreads rapidly. This disease is making
great inroads In our cotton fields and
everything should be done to fight It as
effectively as possible. With this end in
view the following suggestions have been
made:
Practice a three-year rotation OF crops
so cotton will not be brought on the land
oftener than once in three years. Disin-
feet the seed used with bluestone or for
malin. as for smut in wheat. Destroy
by burning all diseased bolls and plants.
Choose a variety for planting which has
proven most resistant to the disease, and
follow this by selecting seed from those
plants that are not affected. The seed
cotton to be used on the plantation each
year should be ginned at home by means
OF hand gin.
FREEING A HORSE FROM LICE.
8 F. B. Gabbettville, Ca, writes: 1
would like to know how to treat a horse
that has lice. have noticed a great
many on my buggy horse.
Among the materials which may be
used to destroy lice are kerosene emul-
sion. strong solution of I've, carbolic
acid solutions and benzine In using ben
zine great care should be taken not to
bring a lamp into the quarters until the
vapor has disappeared as 1t may cause
fire. On this account and the danger of
injuring the skin, solutions of I've and
benzine are not recommended except for
the disinfection Of the quarters. Proba-
bly, the safest and best thing to apply
10 the hair TO destroy lice on an animal
is some Of the coal tar products. There
are a number of these preparations on
the market and you will hardly make a
mistake in using any one OF them. Any
of the coal tar products. such as creo-
line, chloro-naptholeum and zenoleum
may be prepared for use by diluting with
30 parts of water. Where the infestation
is particularly bad, use one part to 30
parts OF water. Tobacco may be used by
making an infusion by boiling two to
three ounces in a quart or water. This
solution must be used sparingly, howev-
er, as IL is liable to nauseate the ami
mails. Kerosene emulsion is made by dis
solving one-quart of soft soap or one
quarter Of a pound of hard soap In two
quarts OF boiling water and adding one
pint OF kerosene oil, and Is u very good
remedy for lice. This mixture should be
churned or pumped violently and then
three quarts of water added. Pure kerr
osene will take the hair of and should
not be used unless washed Off at once,
Animals may also be lathered with tar
soap or green soap. The lather should
be left on for about half hour and then
washed Off Treatment for lice to be eff
fective will include thorough dsinfec-
ton of the quarters where the animal is
confined. The walls should be white
washed and coal tar applied to the
cracks and crevices. air slaked lime
busted through the quarters and all litter
and trash should be removed and de-
stroyed by burning. The use of a mix
ture of one part of sulphur 20 flve parts
of common salt is recommended. Good
food should be given the animal during
treatment. A second application should
be made FIVE to eight days after the hrst,
BY following these directions your ami
nal can be freed of this miserable pesL
MERITS OF cold PRESSED CAKE"