New-York tribune., 1909-07-19
WOMEN AND CERAMICS
What the art OzCes TO Feminine
York and Influence.


china in reality knows little of how much she
her own sex for the development OF the
beautiful in this ware. or at how early period
began to NEEDLE with jugs and jars Nor
is it likely that she has ever heard that the patron
saints of pottery we've women. Ste. Justa and Ste
Ru1na. who lived in Seville about the 500 A D.
were the Christian daughters Of a potter and mado
their living by selling his earIhenware. and gave
all their proceeds except what served 10 maintain
4 bare existence, 10 the poor Certain women who
worshipped Venus TO buy vases for idolatrouS
purposes. and were refused the sisters saying
their wares were for the service of Cod and not
for Idols. whereupon the women broke everything
in their stock The sisters retalated by seizing the
statue of Venus. which they smashed and threw TO
the dogs. and were promptly taken by mob, car
r1ed TO the prefect and condemned to torture, as
they boldly avowed themselves Christians They
were declared saints. and have been painted as
such by Murillo. Zubarau and other famous artists
the Duke Of Sutherland owning two beautiful half
length figures OF the sisters holding their palms and
''alcarazzas"
One of the first women engaged in the manu-
facture of pottery the Fair Chow" daughter
OF the venerable Chow who lived time
during the Sung dynasty C96G-l126), and was noted
like her father. for white and violet porcelain
The Fair Chow had especial talent for Gourd
shaped bottles for flowers fer which she obtained
very high prices.
In Italy remarkably beautiful vase was found
OF ancient Roman origin. which is signed by a
woman TasciIla Verticisa. There are other speci-
mems OF her designs which very valuable, and
eagerly sought by collectors
one of the best known decorators Of porcelain
Angelica kaufman who was employed by
the Dresden mandatory. And it was through
the agency OF Nine Daruet. OF ST. N-ieix, that
kaoln was discovered which is used in the max
ing Of hard porcelain. To q servant in
England somewhere IN Stafrordshi7c belongs the
honor Of the discovery Of glazing earthenware by
the use Of salt. and this through the accidental
boiling over OF the brine a pipkin. one Of
Josiah Wedgwood's best decorators was & Mrs
TgrgeT
also painted china Wedgwood engaged her IN
1853 TO do the figures and groups on his celebrated
Etruscan ware, and also the Russian cream
ware service that established his Worldwide repu-
tauon. The designs upon this showed English
landscapes. principally OF renowned places or
country seats Of men OF note The maker os the
famous Henri Deux ware was Helen de Hangest
for long unknown. successfully dii she con-
ceal her Identity and a Mrs Warburton. OF Cob
ridge, England. made improvements In cream
ware in I551 which come time prior to the
time when Wedg wood took Il up and perfected IT,
Even earlier the efforts o. Francoise Bla-
teran. recognized as being of great value in the
manufacture OF faIence. She obtained the privi-
lege OF making Fl early as 1885 Marion Durand
greatly foTeStalled her as she carried the
manufacture OF this IN 1854. succeeding
her husband Mascot AbaquesDe. who is the FIRST
Rouen potter 10 so record. The quotation
from her agreement treaty with the abbe ot
a monastery IL NORMANDY promises him such
ooIors azure, white. yellow and green. In tho
list Of the later Rouen pottcrs which for years
were the most famous OF Europe. oue-fourth is
devoted TO the names Of women.
Spanish woman. Donna Maria salvadora Dis
dier. IS responsible for exquisite tiles in the
Chapter House Of the Cathedral of Sargosaa.
'JuIianua, the Potter" sold 10 Queen Eleanor.
wife OF Edward !. three hundred pictures. Nine
sPerl, widow, founded the Baden porcelain
works, and Nine. Chcanncau established porce-
lain mandatory IN Paris IN I7z The talent OF
the artists Of Seyres IS uuquestioned and
in England both Lady Diana Esauclerc and Lady
Templeton celebrated for the sar1o glrts
The disquietudo o. France during the eighteenth
century is responsible for many women potters.
Titled women suddenly made widows by the chop
your -head-oH state of politics that prevailed ~
that time were forced 20 become breadylnners and
turned 10 commercial uses talents that had been
acquired accomplishments.
In America women are a. work IN all the pot
teries some OF which turn out work tAa, is world
famed The women OF society who have this talent
and have studied abroad. from time 90 time Julu TO
End work in earnest n their art.
The interest of women who were not actual work
srs has also aided in the development OF tho
ceramic art, enabling It to live through some
troublesome periods. Bernard Palssg.. for ia
stance. when driven froIu Santes. was pro-
tected By Catherine Dc 2Iedici. who os,abIizh he'd
him q Paris. often visited him at his work
in tho grounds where tho gardens of the
Tuileries. Marie Therese expended large sums
upon the Vienna manufactoryi Empires Elizabeth
OF Russia. bought and carried on porcelain works
near ST. Petersburg. and Queen Charlotte patron
lied Wedgwood; hence the creamware was called
queens ware" by her order. Mime. de Pompa-
dour influenced Louis Ky to establish porcelain
factories IN France. and thus save money that
otherwise would have been spent for china made
! by Saxons
GLE4NTNGS