davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The new era., 1909-04-29
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SORE SHOULDERS.
Now ls the Time to Watch tho Horses
and Prevent Injury.

Spring is approaching and the
horses will soon be put into the COL
lars for hard work. The shoulders
and the neck will be tender, and, as
usual, the horse in every respect will
be In poor condition to go into the
hard work of the soft fields SO sud-
denly. He has probably not been
grained much in preparation for his
TASK OF putting in the spring crop.
HIS body is covered with heavy win
ter coat, which causes him to per-
spire easily. The first farm work in
the spring Is the hardest of the year,
and at this time horse is in the
poorest condition to do the work with
out injury to himself. The shoulders,
the neck and the back become bruised
and sore.
Too much care cannot be exercised
in seeing that the collar is perfect
fit, declares Veterinarian George H.
Glover. in Northwestern nAgriculturalist.
A collar which is too large is more
likely to injure the horse than one
that is too small. The collar should
be scraped each morning and careful
ly cleaned before it is again put on
the horse. Before the spring work
begins, it is well to oil the harness
and have it soft and pliable. For the
first few days of hard work on soft
ground, the shoulders of the horse
should be bathed in cold water every
night after the harness is removed
The horse will be very sore and tired
for few days and should be given
every kind of attention. Watch the
names to see that the draft is at right
angles with the shoulders. II 1t is too
low, the collar will be constantly
kicking up" at the top and the horse
will soon have sore neck. If the
draft is too high, the collar will not
rest securely on the lower port of the
shoulder. where the horse is Sest
prepared to throw his weight If there
are any calloused Jumps on the
horses shoulders or back, they should
be carefully removed during the win
ter when his services are not much
needed. If the collar is put on over
one Of those "sit fasts,'' it will have
the same result as a man trying to
walk with a button in his shoe or
bunion on his foot.
This story is not for the purpose of
suggesting treatment for bruised
shoulders and sore neck, but just
simply to remind you that as spring
approaches, an ounce of prevention
(by having the horse and the harness
in good condition before beginning
the spring work) Is often worth
hounds of cure later on when the
horse is disabled and you are de-
prived of his services, for weeks,
right in the busy season.
The new era., 1909-04-29
Hog Cholera.

The Kansas experiment station has
carried out an extensive series Of ex-
periments along the line of hog chol-
era and its prevention. The method
of rendering hogs immune to the dis
ease was by vaccination. A virus
was introduced into the system which
reacted upon possible contagion, thus
protecting the animal against the dis
ease for a period Of several months.
The experiment showed that through
this process the successfully vaccin-
ated hog is immunized and can be
kept with no risk of infection for a
period long enough to fatten and pre-
pare for market.
The new era., 1909-04-29

to protect their heads and faces in some way but
1t is impossible to avoid the danger Of bursted
ear drums hopelessy damaged eyes When
man crawls out from under fast train after
200mile run he looks but little like human be-
ing.
During the summer the gay cat" works with
such persistence as nature has given him. If he
cannot find work he is not above begging steal
ing In many cases. Long ago the farmers used to
lodge and feed them in their own houses. Now
they make them lodge in abandoned barns in
open air camps. At berry or hop-picking they are
paid by the quantity gathered; in the harvest
hay fields they receive the minimum of dollar 4
day and their food. In camp of "gay cats" at
night they gather around the fire and play cards
for small stakes or tell stories Sometimes gay
cats" money goes in gambling but he is oftener
despoiled by the professional "hobo," who takes
his coin away from him by brute force. One
brawny, abe-bodied tramp. with without gun,
will stick up" and rob group Of several gay
cats" without much difficulty. The tramps' roost.
too, by the way. is often held up and robbed in
turn by the prowng yeggman with pistol OF
large caliber in his fist.
At any rate, the poor "gay cat" returns to the
cities in the autumn as penniless when he
left it in the early summer. If by any chance he
has any money left, it goes in the cheap saloons
along the tough streets. During the winter he
keeps soul and body together by washing dishes
acting waiter in the cheap restaurants; by
doing odd jobs. such carrying signs and snow
shoveling; by addressing envelopes-if he can
write well enough-and by doing other such hope
less work. Then too, there the missions and
pickings and stealings now and then when there
is not too much risk Of arrest.
portion of the gay cats are dish washers In
the cheap restaurants. They work from 15 to Is
hours day for an average wage OF three dollars
week and food and lodging Their surroundings
are very bad. Their feet are almost constantly
wet with water heavily charged with washing
soda that is used to cleanse the greasy dishes;
and the air is as foul as can be imagined The
moor gay cat misnomer-devitalized by heredi.
tary ills and dissipation. soon gets to the end OF
his moral tether. 0f all the legitimate work there
is, dishwashng in cheap restaurant is the low
est There is depth beyond 1t. and the only
sequence is the city hospital the almshouse. the
morgue and the potters field.
Other less industrious gay cats spend the
The new era., 1909-04-29

the city. No outcast above the rank Of
gay cat would think of entering one
The gay cat can get his bed and two meals by
simply applying, and If he pretends to be convert
ed and gives Testimony" and then, per-
haps he get meals and lodging for two or
three weeks, with possibly an odd job occasional
ly. When the gay cat" grows tired of one mis-
sion has outstayed his welcome he moves on
to the next There enough Of them to last
him through the winter II he is discreet. The
election is also a source of dishonest revenue to
these by-products of industrial age. Money.
shoes and winter clothing circulate freely then.
and the number Of nomads is augmented
The majority Of this vast army Of 100000 or so
are American born, but of foreign parents. The
Irish and Germans head the list OF these chronic
wanderers. The first generation apparently was
hard working and reasonably honest. The second
seems to have a large sediment Of the gay cat
tramp element in 1t. Why this Is so never
has been explained satisfactorily Possibly it is
because the fathers and mothers worked them
selves nearly to death trying to bring up their
children on higher social level than they them
selves had enjoyed. At any rate the fact OF
degeneracy in the second generation remains
In Massachusetts many msdemeanors such as
trespassing railroad tracks. riding in box cars.
tramping, begging and vagrancy in all their
phases, punishable by sending the offender to
the East Bridgewater farm colony. Last year
there were over 5000 commitments to that in
sttution Migrants are sent to East Bridgewater
on indeterminate sentences. the maximum time
being at present two years. Until recently the
maximum term was three years. but the shorter
term has been found to be sufficient. In the
case of first offenders, release probation is
permitted at the end Of nine months IL conduct
has been exemplary. 1t Is estimated that but 10
per cent. OF the thus paroled relapse into
vagrancy in the state of Massachusetts. Doubtless
many of them do elsewhere, but more than half
of them are regenerated. so that instead OF be-
ing charge upon the state they become an as
set. The East Bridgewater farm colony is looked
upon by penologsts as an unqualified success
So far as can be judged now, this Is the only
practical way of regeneratng and revitalizng this
large class of mental and physical incompetents.
Life and work. under proper discipline. In the
open air do more to make good citizens-or at
least to transform parasites society into pro-
ducers-than anything else, the penologists say.
The new era., 1909-04-29
Feeding Sheep.

1t is most convenient for the ma
jority of sheep owners who have not
large barns in which to care for their
sheep to attempt to feed them in
troughs arranged about the feed lots;
but this method has its disadvantages
for during night Of heavy storm the
troughs will have become filled with
sleet and snow. A reversible feed
trough that can be easily turned over.
presenting a dry, clean trough. will
greatly obviate this discomfort in
feeding out of doors.
The new era., 1909-04-29

Now he is running a
large and gaudy saloon
in Portland, Ore. and
trying to forget that
he ever rode the trucks
on a fast train.
The men who ride
thus on the passenger
trains-ifthey do much
of it-soon grow deaf
in one ear or blind in
one eye-sometimes to-
tally deafand sightless.
This is caused by the
terrific roar of the
wheels againstthe rails
and the continuous hur-
ricane of dust and
gravel. Manytrampst try
The new era., 1909-04-29
Shelter the Colts.

During stormy weather the colts
must be given shelter. All stock is
better where they are not compelled
to brave the harsh weather of winter.
Remember that 1t is poor economy Of
feed to compel the stock to keep
warm in the face OF cold north
wind.
The new era., 1909-04-29
Try Il.

Did you ever clip the work horses
Just as springs work begins? Try 1t
this spring. The horses will do a
ahird more work on the same feed,
and do 1t easier
The new era., 1909-04-29
pIo, Before weanInu.

pigs before being weaned should be
taught to eat variety of feeds and
be supplied with them daily 80 their
digestive organs will be in position
to utilize feeds Independently Of the
SOW
The new era., 1909-04-29
Parts Are Adjustable.

around the horses neck. The leather
is riveted snugly over the rope. but
loosely enough so that 1t can be
slipped at will and be made to fit any
horse.
The new era., 1909-04-29
GREASlNG HOGS.
Unique Method Of Arranging 1t So the
: Hog Can Give the Treatment.

To kill lice on hogs set post four
feet long in the ground two feet deep.
Bore a hole in the center of the post
IL inches deep as indicated at A in
The new era., 1909-04-29

-, A Post Supplying the Oil.
the accompanying illustration and fill
with coal oil. The hogs in rubbing
against the post, as they will soon
learn to do, will grease themselves.
The new era., 1909-04-29

ted States. working here and there
a few days, but always moving on
to the far-away fields that looked
green. They will help gather the
berries, the hops, the hay and the
harvests. They will wander as far
west as the coast and as far south
as the Gulf of Mexico.
All the men in this army are not
"tramps," in the common accep-
tance of the word, for some are
willing to work. Therefore the real
The new era., 1909-04-29
HALTER TO FIT THE HORSE.
1t Can Be Easily Made Out Of Leather
and Rope.

The halter is made of combina-
ton of leather and rope. The leather
piece fastened with the buckles goes
The new era., 1909-04-29

Y ONES and twos-a
steady stream-the
army Of the Ameri-
can hoboes, 100000
strong, is drifting
back to the country
side. 1t has already
started; it will be
warm weather be-
fore the last Of this
host has left the
cities.
All summer long
these men will be
travelling "deadhead"
thrO,ighOnt the Uni
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1909-02-13
DaIton's Experiment.
Me-, 6

The English chemist Dalton was a
schoOlteacher. He worked without a
laboratory and with crude apparatus,
mostly made by himself from simple
materials. Here Is an example describ-
I'd in his own words:
"TOOk an ale glass of a conical fig
ure. two and n half inches in diameter
and three inches deep; filed 1t with
water that had been standing IN the
room and consequently of the tempera-
ture OF the air nearly; put the bulb Of
the thermometer TO the bottom Of the
glass, the scale being out OF the water.
Then, haviug marked the temperature.
put the .Ihot tip of the poker half
an inch dep in the water. holding it
there steadily for half a minute. and
as soon as it was withdrawn l dipped
the bulb Of sensible thermometer
into the water, when it rose in few
seconds to $50 degrees
lie then determined the temperature
Of the water 1T the bOttc NJ after five
minutes, after twenty minutes and aft
er an hour and found that it rose grad
ually from II TO J2 degrees. This
simple experiment proved that water
has the power 10 conduct heat. which
had been denied by no less an author
ity than Rumford. Youths CCmpan-
ION
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1909-02-13
Feats That Never Happened.

A grotesquc and foolish view Of the
west leads many who are not ac-
quainted with that part of the country
to perpetrate amusing blunders re-
garding the possibilities of the typical
western weapons, the rife and the six
shooter. To shoot an animals eye out
ut n hundred PAGES Is a common feat
in wild west literature. Sometimes 1t
is done with six shooter-in type. not
anywhere else. OF course. no man
can'see the eye of all animal that far.
have had good rifeman tell me he
could cut off a robins head at hun
dred steps. The truth Is that he could
not see the head clearly that far. You
read that the desperate Slade could
with a six shooter at fifty or sixty
steps hit man I'm any button Of his
coat that he chose, but you may be
sure that neither Slade nor any one
else could do anything Of the kind.
Even trick and fancy shooting ut its
best could ever cover feats ascribed as
matters OF course 10 the average from
tiersman by those devOtees OF frenZied
fiction who never saw the frontier
Outing Magazine.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1909-02-13
How China Preserves Fresh Eggs.

While waiting for a Cabinet official
with whom had an appointment, |
chauced upon man just returned from
China. In the course OF our conversa
tion the price of eggs and the difficulty
of keeping them fresh was discussed.
| lamented that il was almost impossi
BILE to obtain new-laid egg. He told
how, when travelling in China, the
American consul called his attention
to the fact that the Chinese had cen
turies ago solved this problem in a
more effective way than has ever been
done by modern cold storage ware
house systems 1t happened that he
had no opportunity to test the Chinese
method until he was leaving the coun-
try, when he was presented with fresh
laid eggs incased in spherical mud
pies. He brought home these packages
along with other souvenirs, and kept
them until fresh" eggs scared to
eighty cents a dozen; then he opened
his mud pies, AID imagine his surprise
to find the eggs in first-class condition.
Later" he said, II tried the ex-
per ment myself buried my eggs deep
in mud and formed it iuto cakes around
them, allowing the pie to dry out.
The result was the same-when they
were opened they were perfectly fresh. "
Joe Mitchell Chapple, in February
National Magazine.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1909-02-13
An Eccentric Ru,sien Doctor.

The famous Russian, the late Or.
Zaharin. was noted for his crcentiir
methods. When Su.lu'Ecd 10 atteno
Car Alexander III. in his last Illness
DR.. Zaharin required tie same prep
aration for his visit to The palace a.
TO any Of his patients houses. That l.
to say, all dogs had to be kept out Of
the way. all clocks stopped and ever
door thrown wide open. ..c left h.
furs in the hall, his oycrccat In the
next room. his galochcs in the thiTd.
and. continuing. arrived ut the bedside
In ordinary indoor costume. He sal
down after walking every few yards
and every eight steps In going up
stairs. From the patients relatives
and every one else in the house he re-
quired absolute silence until he spoke
to them. when his questions had 70 be
answered by "Yes" or mo" and moth
ing more
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1909-02-13
An Excellent Cleaning Fluid.

"rhe following recipe contains moth
ing Injurious, never takes out the stiff
ness from fabrics (as from veilings
and chiffon), and is at the same time a
disinfectant and sure preventive of
moths" says WoMAN'S HOME CON-
PANIoN for February. Sulphuric eth
er, one dram alcohol, two drains
chloro form, one dram oil of cloves,
ooe dram. Three times this amount
tO one quart best gasoline. The oil OF
cloves may be omitted if desired, as in
cleaning anything white it has ten
dency to turn it yellow To clean a
dress skirt, just double or treble the
amount of these ingredients. Men 5
trousers can be soaked over night in
this, and when pressed are as good as
new. 1t is fine for ostrich plunes. as
it never takes the curl out. Be sure to
shake out in the air until thoroughly
dry. Old laces clean beautifully with
;ais fluid. Let the article to be cleaned
lac in tn. liquid for while, according
10 how soiled it is. Articles can re-
main in all night without injury to the
fabric in any way. By allowing to
settle. AMI pouring off very carefully,
one en- use the fluid over and over
again"
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1909-02-13
EIudind the Officers.

Here Is an amusing description OF
one Of Balzac's periods Of impecunios-
ity. Merry, the poet, great friend OF
BalZac. was an inveterate gambler
and rarely left the card table before
daybreak. His way lay past the Cafe
de Paris. and for four consecutive
mornings he had met BalZac strolling
leisurely up and down dressed In "a
pantalon n pieds trousers not termi
mating below the ankle. but with feet
in them like stockings and frock coat
with velvet facings. The second morn
Ing Merry felt surprised at the coinci-
dence: the third he was puzzled: the
fourth he could hold ont no longer and
asked Balzac the reason Of these noe
turnal perambulations roundabout the
same spot.
Balzac put his hand IN his pocket
and produced an almanac showing that
the sun did not rise before $50. Il am
being tracked by the officers of the
tribunal de commerce and obliged t.
hide myself during the day. but q. this
hour am free and can take walk.
for as long as the sun IS not up they
cannot arrest me-"
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1909-02-13
They Knew the Pole.

Some years ago when Dr.. Nanecn
visited Leeds on his return from the
polar regions he was welcomed by a
large crowd Of spectators. who cheer
ed vociferously Two Of the most ar
dent admirers Of Nansen were a cou-
pie Of old men, who kept shouting ard
waving their sticks. When the cela-
brated explorer had passed. immeGi-
ately following in the wake Of the
carriage came n wagon dragged by
three horses. bearing long iron pole.
which belonged TO the electric tram
ways company.
Directly the old men saw II the fcl-
lowing conversation took place:
"Well, I'll be blowed! Sitha. Bill.
he's brout the pole back VII him. sad
one.
"Aye," said the other admirer II
Nansen, land we { only two ats no
ticed 1t. There all running after { car
riage. Sitha. there that ignorant they
can't tell t pole when they see it!'
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1909-02-13

He Sauntered into the central police
station and approached the desk ser
geant. There was careworn look Oh
his face He stood there Il momen;
as If IN reverie. Finally as tears
coursed down his cheeks he timidiy
said:
Il want to give myself up"
what have you done that you should
seek fel0n's cell" the sergeant
asked.
Il have long been a fugitive from
justice. The welfare OF society de
mands that | should be punished
But what Is il: What heinous of
fense have you committed|
Il am IA bigamiSt-yea, Il pOlygamisl
and | don't dare think what worse
No longer must keep 1t from the
world. Lock me up. l am ready t.
do penance."
"But will you not explain"
"Yes. if you insist. | thought | mar
ried only the daughter, but | have
found, to my sorrow, that the whole
family was included. kansas City
Independent
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1909-02-13
The Pictured Cowboy.

I recall one picture by celebrated
artist Of the east who does western
things. It depicts Cowboy at Rest"
He is lying on his stomach III the sun.
his chin in his hands His horse stands
nearby. with the rcins thrown over the
horn Of the saddle. Now. a cOwboy in
the daytime, well filed with beans and
canned tomatoes, would not lie thus,
and, above all, he would not leave his
horse standing thus. He would pull
the reins down over the horses lead
and let them hang, elsewiSe his cow
horse would depart. | recall yet anOth-
er picture Of a faithful cOwpuncher
who with his trusty rife defends him
self from behind his dead horse, which
he uses as a fortress. The dead horse
is about four feet and half through
sidewise-excellent for a fce.ress. but
a triae wide for a thin flanked cow
horse 1t would be useless TO point
out any detail like this to any earnest
artist Of today. Worse than useless
would it be to suggest that 4 cow
puncher is the LATEST created thing for
In art he must do perpetual stunts OF
action. ."-COllier's Weekly.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1909-02-13
The Emperor's Orderly.

Frenchmen of every rank and class
dearly love titles. The manager Of Il
Paris insurance company was decOrat-
ed with the Legion Of Honor a few
days ago, and the clerks in the en-
ploy Of the company presented HIN
with piece Of plate 10 which their
visiting cards were attached. ON loo':-
ing over these he was good deal pU.-
zled and amused by the visiting card
Of the office boy" an old soldier
from the Invalides, who was employed
TO open the Office doors from 0 to 4
Under the mans name was the title
"the emperor's orderly" He sent
for the old soldier. who stumped In
and saluted.
"Of what emperor are you the order
". and how?" he asked. The old In
vallde drew himself up to attention.
81 am the orderly Of the emperor"
he said, Napoleon, le Petit Corporal" :"
But he is dead. He has been dead
some time," answered the puzzled
manager.
81 dust his tomb for him." growled
the old sOldier.-LondOn Express.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1909-02-13
An Easy Grade.

Patronage, political. religious and So
cial, has seen its best days in Eng
land, and it is becoming more and
more difficult, st. James Budget
opines, to find material for such a
story as follows:
At the end of political campaign
many years ago a young man who had
worked valiantly for the successful
candidate claimed reward. The
prize promised was n sergeantcy in the
artillery. But the candidate found that
he was unable to carry out his prom
ise, inasmuch as it required six years
service to qualify a man for the rank.
He became thoughtful, but finally saw
light.
Does ii require six years to qualify
a man for a lieutenancy?" he asked
one who knew.
Certainly not" was the reply.
"Well, make young Blank a lieuten-
ant. then" said the candidate, with n
sigh Of relief.
Blank was thus made lieutenant
for no other reason than that he was
not flt to be a sergeant.
Shenandoah herald. [volume] (Woodstock, Va.) 1865-1974, 1909-02-13

sometimes fancy that every great
city must have been built by night
NJ least II IS only at night that every
part OF a great city is great. All archi-
lecture is great architecture after sun
set Perhaps architecture Is really 4
cturnal art. like the art Of fireworks.
At least | think many people Of those
nobler trades that work by night 0Our
nalists. policemen, burglars, coffee stall
Keepers and such mistaken enthusiasts
as refuse to go home TIL morning.
must often have stood admiring some
black bulk of building with crown o!
battlements or crest Of spires and
then burst into tears at daybreak to
discover that IL was only haberdash-
er's shop with huge gold letters across
the face Of it.-G. A. Chesterton II
London News.