Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1909-02-10
DIR. Lyon s
PERFECT
Tooth Powder
Cleanses, beauties and
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purifes the breath.
u sed by people Of
refinement for almost
Half a Century.
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nuncing their opinions with greater free
dom than is thought to be consistent with
good order and discipline. The rectors of
| the universities are responsible to the
| minister of education and through him
to the cabinet. and may be removed at
| any time; but thus far no rector has
| ever been interfered with OH account of
| his religious or political views. although
| there have been several complaints from
| bishops and the papal nuncio on account
charges have been carefully investigated
| and the minister of education has de-
clned to interfere.
Senior UnamunO. rector of the ancient
University of Salamanca. is regarded
| as the leader ofthought and the most
progressive of all the educators in Spain
| He is one of the most distinguished of
living Spaniards: a scholar. writer. ora
| tor. publicist and educator. His intel
| lectual gifts are reinforced with sound
| judgment and great executive ability, and
while he is progressive in his ideas. he
is very prudent and discreet in his eff
forts toward educational reforms. He is
Basque by birth. and comes from the
| northwestern province of Spain. which
has produced the most enterprising indie
pendent and able Spaniards of modern
times. He was educated at the University
of Madrid, and took postgraduate courses
in Paris and Berlin, which broadened his
mind. He became professor of Greek at
Salamanca, and after few years was
appointed by the government as rector
of that institution. Although he fol-
lows the political campaigns in Spain
with keen interest he has avoided par
tisanShip and takes no active interest eX-
cept where educational interests are af-
fected. Realizins the conservative dispo-
sition of the Spanish people and their
prejudice against innovations. he moves
very slowly. but is. nevertheless, grad
ually bringing about important reforms.
He commands the confidence of the lead
ers of both parties, and his influence Is
not affected by changes in the govern
ment.
The chief political issue in Spain is SIM
liar to that which was recently agitatfng
France, and the liberal party advocates
the suppression of the mOnasteries and
converts. the taxation of all church prop
erty which is not used for worship,
charity or education. and the confiscation
of large areas of Land which is claimed
to belong to the government. although in
possession of religious orders. This aei-
tation is supported by the manufacturing
element of the population. who feel the
injustice of the competition or religious
orders that are very largely engaged i'm
agriculture. manufacturing and CONNER
cial business because the monks are not
required to pay taxes. 1t is asserted
that at least one-third of the property in |
the kingdom is owned by the church and
contributes nothing to the support OF the |
government. Several laws have been
passed within recent years and others |
are proposed to satisfy the demands of |
the liberal element, and the drift is I'M |
mistakably toward the enactment of a |
law similar to that OF France, prohibit |
ing the monks and nuns from engaging |
in anything buts spiritual affairs.
There are 125 universities in Europe, |
and they have a total of 22S, I21 students. |
There are $50 colleges and universities |
in the United States with 149 700 students. |
although many of them do not rank as |
high as those of Europe. The University |
of Paris has the largest number OF stu |
dents with a total of about 5000 In the |
various departments The University of |
Berlin has over 5000 students, Budapest, |
6551: Vienna. 6.205; Munich. :.943; Mos |
COW, $3.50: Madrid, 5,11S: Naples, ADS; |
ST. Petersburg, 1862: Leipsic. 3341;
Bonn, BOD The other universities have |
less than 1900 students each. |
There are 2.S24 woman students In the |
universities of Europe, the largest num- |
Der, I'll, being in Berlin.