Ladysmith news-budget. [volume] (Ladysmith, Rusk County, Wis.) 1907-1927, 1909-10-14

and independence were to be found the bars
Of the Forty Mile, the Stewart, and at Circle
City.
WITH the increase Of population came the rep
resGntatiyes OF the American and Canadian gov
ernments, customhouses were established and
court decisions took the place Of the rude JUS
tice dispensed by miners meetings With the
new order Of things came also the necessity OF
q determined line between the two countries.
The United States claimed, under the old Rus
sian treaty, a line running up Portland canal to
the 5Gth parallel OF north latitude thence to fol
low the summit of the coast range 10 its inter
section with the 141st meridian. In the absence
Of definite mountain range the coast, the
line to be not more than ten marine leagues
distant from tide water
Canada claimed that the line should follow the
coast range paralleling the general contour Of
the coast and cutting across all inlets and iOrds
There were other contentious of minor impor-
tanCe but the real trouble that Canada
thought she was entitled TO a seaport which
would allow of shipments through Canadian ter
rit0ry to the now valuable Klondke.
AS to the 141st meridian being the rest of the
boundary, there dispute. This line starts
at ridge of Mount Saint Elias and runs through
to Demarcation Point on the Arctic ocean.
Maps showing strip of land along the coast
were made, archives were rumrnaged, every avail
able bits of history and tradition were searched,
and the whole mass submitted as evidence to a
one Englishman. which met in London in 1908.
fThe sitting of the evidence required three months
1.-The opposing counsel helped by the geographic
experts put forth their best arguments, a vote
vas taken, and the result showed four to two for
he United States, the lord chief Justice of Eng
and, Lord AVerstone, casting his vote with the
americans
Naturally the Canadian representatives felt
greatly disappointed, but the evidence was too
conclusive to allow of any other outcome.
Then came the question of what mountains con-
stitUted the coast range. In places a compro-
mise was effected departing slightly from the
claims of the United States.
It was decided that certain welldefined peaks
the mountains fringng the coast should con-
stitute the main points on the boundary. Lord
hlyerstone welding blue pencil marked on the
maps what appeared to the tribunal to be the
proper mountains. The members OF the tribunal
were all eminent jurists but this did not make
them proficient in the nricacies of contour maps,
and the advice of the experts constantly re-
quested
The location of the boundary was left to two
commissioners, Mr.. O. H. Tittmann, superintend-
ent OF the coast and geodetic survey, for the
United States and DR.. w f. King, chief Domin-
ion astronomer, for Canada.
Wherever the bluepencil mark appears the
map, this point without any recourse is boun-
dairy point, even though higher and better point
may be bEt short distance away.
To follow the sinuosities of the mountain
ranges in this country would be hopeless, so the
commissioners will probably decide that a
straight line connecting the various blue-penciled
points shall constitute the boundary.
TIE actual demarcation of the boundary to be
satisfactory to both governments, must be done
Jointly BY this it is not meant that there is di