The log cabin Democrat., 1909-10-28
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and independence were to be found the bars of the Forty Mile, the Stewart and at Circle City.
 With the increase of population came the rep resentatives of the American and Canadian gov ernEents customhouses established and court decisions took the place of the rude JUS tice dispensed by miners meetings. With the new order of things came also the necessity of a determined line between the two countries.
 The United States claimed, under the old Rus sian treaty line running up Portland canal to the Seth parallel of north latitude thence to fol- low the summit of the coast range to its inter- section with the Hist meridian. In the absence of definite mountain range near the coast the line was to be not more than ten marine leagues distant from tide water
 Canada claimed that the line should follow the coast range paralleling the general contour Of the coast, and cutting across all inets and hords
 There were other contentious of minor impor tance, but the real trouble was that Canada thought she entitled to a seaport which would allow of shipments through Canadian ter ritory to the valuable Klondke.
 AS to the Hist meridian being the rest of the boundary, there was no dispute. This line starts at a ridge of Mount Saint Elias and runs through to Demarcation Point on the Arctic ocean.
 Maps showing a strip of land along the coast were made archives were rummaged. every avail able bits of history and tradition were searched, and the whole mass submitted as evidence to tribunal of three Americans, two Canadians, and one EngliShman, which met In London Tn l9O3. The sitting of the evidence required three months The opposing counsel helped by the geographic experts put forth their best arguments, a vote was taken, and the result showed four to two for the United States, the lord chief justice of Eng land, Lord Alyerstone, casting his vote with the Americans.
 Naturally the Canadian representatives felt greatly disappointed, but the evidence was too conclusive to allow of any other outcome.
 Then came the question of what mountains con stituted the coast range. In places a compro- mise was effected departing slightly from the claims of the United States
 It was decided that certain welldetined peaks on the mountains fringing the coast should con- stitute the main points on the boundary Lord Alverstone yielding blue pencil, marked on the maps what appeared to the tribunal to be the proper mountains. The members of the tribunal were all eminent jurists but this did not make them proficient in the intricacies of contour maps and the advice of the experts constantly quested.
 The location of the boundary left to two commissioners Mir O. H. Tittmann, superintend- ent of the coast and geodetc survey for the United States and Dr. w. F. King, chief Domin- ion astronomer for Canada.
 Wherever the blue pencil mark appears on the | map, this point without any recourse is boun- | diary point even though higher and better point may be but short distance away. To follow the sinuosities of the mountain ranges in this country would be hopeless, so the | commissioners will probably decide that straight line connecting the various bue-penciled points shall constitute the boundary. The actual demarcation of the boundary, to be l satisfactory to both governments, must be done
 jointly. By this 1t is not meant that there is d