Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1909-02-21

ask what may be the value of an alliance
of such a character?
What is to be done to diminish the ha-
tired of Bulgarians against the Turks,
of Servians against Montenegrins, OF
Italians against AustrianS? Everything
which has been tried has failed. A sea
dashed with fury requires time to regain
it's equilibrium; i. is the same with ma
tons.
The great powers wait and watch and
counsel moderation and Cancellation. M.
Charmes does not believe that war will
come of this situation, simply because no
one really desires war. but 1t may come.
he thinks suddenly unless great care is
taken. and he adds. in conclusion: Rare
ly has the state of Europe been so trou-
bled''
NJ. Raqueni has written a most timely
and interesting article in the Nouvelle
Revue entitled ''The Triple Alliance"
THE triple alliance was concluded May
10, 1857 he says. which Is an error. The
alliance was concluded in 1872. first be-
tween Germany, Austria and Russia on
the inspiration of Bismarck. The car
definitely withdrew in 1886. when Rus
sia's place was occupied by Italy. The
alliance, therefore, has been maintained
thirty-Seven years. 1t has been repewed
three times. first by Robilant, second by
Rudin and third by Prinetti. all of whom
are deceased. Italy during all this time
has remained faithful to this diplomatic
will be difficult to affirm that Italy will
renew the treaty, which expires in 1872.
According to M. Raqueni. II 1t should be
referred. as probable. to a referendum, 1t
would be decided negatively by an i'm
menSe majority.
NJ Raqueni, overlooking the origin Of the
triple alliance of 1872, which was to con-
secrate Germany's hold Of Alsace-Lor-
raine, commences with the triple alliance
with Italy in 1882 which was inspired
nv RiSnarpL under nrafpyt that the akin0
of Tunis by France in 1881 was a menace
to Italy's interests in the Mediterranean.
NJ. Raqueni thinks Italy committed a
great mistake. and declares that had she
remained aloof, free and independent her
position on the political chessboard today
would be incomparably superior. Italy
independent, she would be at this moment
the arbiter of Europe. and the author
claims that this manner of approaching
present events is accepted by those who
have been the most enthusiastic partisans
Of the triple alliance-by NJ. Scarfoglio.
for example, the director of the Mattino,
one of the most brilliant journalists of
Italy.
The author cites Gen. Cialdini, who
was ambassador of Italy at Paris and
knew that Bismarck en-
Bismarck's couraged France in the
occupation of Tunis, with
OlPioAA"eJ' the object OF embroiling
France and Italy in feud. If the
diplomacy Of the two countries had
been more clearsighted the GOODNESS that
followed could have been avoided. Bis
marck succeeded.
Bismarck's calculations were aided by
the obscure interior situation of France
at that time, which inspired much dis
ha cIa situation in
France contributed much In throwing
Austria.
The greater part of Italian politicians
never thought that the French republic
had definitely taken root. and this impress
sion was general in Europe and America.
They believed that the restoration of the
monarchy or the empire in France was
almost certain, and that in either event 1t
would espouse the cause of the vatican
Many Italian politicians at that time
would have preferred an Italo-German
alliance without Austria, but Prince Won
Bismarck would not listen to 1T. He pro-
posed to humiliate Italy in obliging her TO
pass through Vienna in going TO Berlin
There are few if any persons in France
who believe that Crispi made the triple
alliance. He did not for a fact, but he
exaggerated it, and in his hands 1t be-
came an arm dangerous to peace.
The triplice which was established by
NJ Manchini minister of foreign AFFAIRS
i'm the Depretis cabinet, was not hostile
pretis, Manchini Di Rudini, Prinetti and
Visconti-Venosta, but it was decidedly
hostile under the administration OF Crispf.
who had been hypnotized by Prince Won
Bismarck.
Today the triple alliance, whether re-
newed or not, has been rendered innocu-
Gus by the cordial triple accord between
France, England and Russia, to which.
the author foresees, Italy will soon rally.
X
NJ Enrico Ferri is distinguished So
cialist orator. who after visit to Amer
lea returned to Italy, where
FERRIS he abandoned his affiliation
with revolutionary syndi-
Gates, and now advocates
serious reforms. He counsels his party to
form bloc in the next elections. which
are to take place in the spring. NJ. Ferri
declares that if Italy possessed universal
suffrage the peoples party would surely
triumph in the elections
1t is not certain that Italy may be per-
mitted to leave the ship in which she has
embarked. A vote of the people for or
against the triplice may perhaps be the
only solution this was in the mind
of NJ. Ferri when he proposed the lorna
tiCn of a bloc.
The elections will probably bring to
power NJ. Forts, former president of
the council of ministers. NJ. Forts is
partisan of the triplice, but he would
accept a renewal conditionally. He
would not accept an Italian university
either at Trentin or Trieste. He would
propose, on the contrary. as sine qua
non that Austria cede the Trentin. as she
once proposed, to Italy compensation
for Austria's annexation Of Bosnia-Her
Zegovina.
The Ragione. republican journal, not
withstanding the declaration of M. Tittoni
that there was nothing in writing to that
effect, makes the statement that NJ. De-
pretS declared to M. Imbriani and NJ.
Menotte Garibaldi one day in 1879. at
the funeral ceremonies of Gen. .ivezzana
that Austria had offered the Trentin to
Italy in view of the possible changes in
the Balkans, and that the offer was re-
fused. I'VE did not WISH added Nj. De-
pretiS. Ito dsjoin the city of Trente from
the city of Trieste. Should we accept, 1t
would signify that we had renowned
forever our rights over Trieste"
The formidable ornaments OH the Ital-
ian frontier constructed by Austria rem
party in Italy dreams of declaring war
against Austria.
NJ. Bissolati is a socialist reformer who
possesses in high degree the esteem and
admiration of King Victor Emmanuel. NJ.
Bissolati would have Italy. abandon the
policy Of sterile alliances and inaugurate
a policy of cordial and friendly accords
with all the powers NJ. Bissolati is a
partisan of an Austro-Italian accord. with
particular reference TO the present stu
alton. An Austro-Italian accord would