The Montgomery advertiser., 1909-07-05

rule. All over this vast empire there
| A. disturbed condition Of affairs
which has come TO be known ~ The
Unrest" This unrest has found tts 81.
preston in the serious and respectful
protests OF leading Indian statesmen,
| In the solemn resolutions OF the an.
dian National Congress-. In the boycott
OF English made goods. In the pistols
of assassins and In fthe bombs and In
fernai machines OF Indian anarchists.
The British government has met the
protests ana demands OF the sober In
dian public with important concessions
looking toward government, IN
what IL known a. Lord Morley's 'Re-
form Scheme" 1t has met the violencs
Of the extreme fanatics, with stern
measures OF repression.
ton Of AFFAIRS in india at the present
moment Hardly week passes that
does not record bomb outrages and at
tempted assassinations. Every news
paper 10 flied with accounts OF trials
OF rioters and anarchists. Every day
the police aearch the houses OF sus-
pected persons. finding and destroying
all books, journals. newspapers or
what-not that may have the slightest
faint Of sedition.
The railway trains that run from
Calcutta to Barrackpore, suburb
where great many prominent Eng
iishmen have their homes. are guarded
night and day by lines OF soldiers FIJI
teen bombs have been exploited IN
trains along this line since the unrest
began. singularly enough. not one OF
the bombs found It's Intended victim.
although several natives were killed
and many injured.
Each outrage is Followed by whole
sale arrests OF suspected persons. but
In the great majority Of cases there -
oners and they are liberated at the
preliminary examining trial. Others
are taken before the higher courts, but
II IN very diflcult to obtain proof
against them, and the only convictions
Of Importance have followed upon the
heels OF proud and defiant confessions.
1t is sometimes said that the sun
rest" 10 manifested only In the prov
ince Of bengal. OF which Calcutta IL
the capital and metropolis. Yet II -
true that within the last few weeks
riots and bomb outrages have been re-
ported from the very southermost por-
ton OF the peninsula, searches and
seizures have occupied the time Of the
police In every town In the Bombay
Presidency at the west, the disturb
ances on the Afghan frontier at the
north have become 20 serious that the
Khyber Pass has been closed to COM
merce for an indefinite period. BEN
gal Is the eastermost section Of In
dia proper, SO II IL evident that the
unrest pervades India from coast to
coast and from the mountains TO the
cape. y
English education has reached q
greater number OF people In Bengal
than in any other section OF the coun-
try. and Bengal has special griev-
ance on account OF the partition Of the
province by Lord Curzon in 1905.
Therefore the Bengaless have been
more prominent In the revolutionary
movement, and the situation IL most
serious In their provinces. And this In
spite OF the fact that Bengal, alone of
all the provinces OF India, has no COM
plant to make Of the onerous taxes
imposed by the British governments.
It Is now crime for q Bengaiesc
to sing his national anthem, "Bande.
matarari." or 'Motherland." To shout
the name OF the song on the street
means swift and sure imprisonment.
The native newspapers are so watch
ed and hedged about that they hardly
dare to express positive opinion up-
on any political subject for fear Of
suppression and punishment for sedf-
ton. Public meetings and associations
are strictly forbidden and any attempt
to hold one would be frustrated by the
vigilant police.
But the police are not equal to thu
task OF, coping with boycott that ex-
tends all over India. Clubs ana un-
ions in every community and In almost
every village have been organized to Z
support the ,"SwadeshF goods--those
In India by Indian labor,
or grown on Indian farms by Indian
Although a relatively small
percentage OF the two hundred and
fifty million people of British india
have Joined the movement II has
grown to such an extent that English
trade with India has suffered Inn
mensely Thus the Indian patriots. for
the first time. have the support in
Parliament OF the cotton mills Of Ian
cashire.
This boycott movement has not been
confined strictly to the "swadeshi"
clubs, but has led to the discrimina-
ton against British made wares of
kinds which India does not produce.
German trade In India increased 100
per cent. in volume in the ten years
preceding the present era
of unrest. In the last four or five
years It has again doubled. With the
feeling against Germany 80 strong In
England now. this fact IL of tremen-
dous Importance.
The "swaraJ. movement is a gem
eral patriotic political agitation.
"SwaraJ" is best translated by the
phrase india for the Indians" The
avowed purpose Of "SwaraJ is the
unihcation of the people OF India. the
cessation Of the everlasting feud be-
tween Mohammedans and Tfindus. and
the use Of every means short of force
to compel England to grant a self
governing constitution to the Indian
Empire.
Both "SwaraJ'' and "Swadeshi" are
OF the great Asiatic re-
nafssance which Is now remoulding the
whole social and political fabric of the
Mother Continent. The cry Of India
for the Indians' has been heard from
the lips of few scholars and Off
cials ever since Quene Victoria prom
ised the Indian people a share In their
own government in her epochal proc
iamation OF 1883.
But 1t was not until after Japan. an
Asiatic nation, had met and defeated
one of the most powerful nations or
Europe in the greatest war OF mod
crn history, that the cry "Swaraj'
burst from the throats OF the mil
lions. One OF the leading men of In
dia, a Bengal Hindu who has held high
once under the English and who has
been a professor OF Oriental history
ana languages in the universities of
said: 1.-THE plucky stand made
by the Japanese against the advance
Of the Terror of Europe-against the
Bear that had already devoured the