Los Angeles herald., 1909-09-07

disposition leading him over much Of the
ground he desired to visit. He returned
in 1852 having failed in his object OF
finding traces of Franklin, but he did dis
cover relics of the Frobisher expedition
of 1577-157S
He made a second trip from 1864 to 1869,
during which he discovered numerous
relics of the lost Franklin expedition. On
July 3, 1871, he again departed from New
London on the Polaris. He passed through
Smith sound into Kane sea, thence
through Kennedy and Robson channels
to the Polar sea, and. on August 29, 1871,
he reached latitude So degrees II minutes
north, the highest point then attained by
any vessel The expedition went into win
ter quarters at Thank God harbor, Green
land, where Hall became Ill, on October
"a, 1871, on his return from a sledging
journey to Cape Brevoort, and died Of
apoplexy on November g. 1871
Isaac Israel Hayes, 1s53-1s69
Having accompanied the second Grin
nell expedition as surgeon under Kane,
Isaac Israel Hayes asserted himself con-
WINGED of the evidences OF an open polar
sea- He solicited subscriptions and fitted
out an expedition. consisting Of fourteen
persons, which left Boston, Mass, July 7,
1860. The party wintered at FoulSe Fiord,
latitude rs degreeH Is minutes north. near
Littleton island. and on May 49, 1861,
reached a point which Hayes placed at
latitude 81 degrees 35 minutes north, lon
gitude 70 degrees 80 minutes west, though
the correctness of his observation since
has been called into question. He re-
turned to Boston October %, 1861 In 1863
he visited Greenland.
Julius Won Payer, 1869=1874
An Austrian explorer, julius Won Payer,
gained renown by taking part in an ex-
pedition to Greenland in 1869 to 1870. The
following year he explored the Arctic
ocean east of Spitzbergen and he was
one of the leaders of the expedition of
1S72-1S74 which discovered Franz Josef
Land. again adding to the map accuracy
of the world.
Baron NordenksjoId, 1856-1883
Much further information as to the far
north was added by Baron Nils Adolf Erik
Nordenskjold, a Swedish explorer, born at
Helsingfors, Finland. in 1882. who took
part in expeditions in 1858, 1861 and 1854.
He explored Spltzbergen's barrenness in
1868, visited Greenland in 1870, again
charted Spitzbergen and its environs in
1872 to 1873, explored the Yenisei in 1875
end 1876, and traversed the Vega, the
Arctic ocean along the Siberian coast
through Behring strait in 1878 to 1879,
accomplishing the northeast passage. He
explored the interior of Greenland In 1888.
Sir George Mares, 1872-1876
England again came into the Arctic re-
search limelght when. in 1872, Sir George
Strong Mares commanded the Challenger
on a two years voyage in the far north.
He took out another expedition, consist
ing Of the Alert and the Discovery, in
1875. On that voyage a sledge expedition
succeeded in reaching latitude SO degrees,
21 minutes, which wrote another record in
the Arctic SHOWS, Markham and Parr
having charge of this dash.
F. 3. Schwatka, 199o-1886
Graduating from West Point in 1871,
Frederick B. Schwatka commanded an
Arctic expedition. again searching for
traces of Frankin's i'll fated party, in
1878 to 1880. Three years later he explored
the course Of the Yukon river and con-
Quoted an expedition into the north of
Alaska in 1886.
George w. DeLong, 1s73-1aS2
In command Of the Jeanette. which
was fitted out by the New York Herald,
George Washington DeLong, who had
been graduated from the United States
naval academy In 1865, left San Fran
cisco on July s, 1879. for a three years
voyage of exploration in Arctic waters
He had previously accompanied Captain
D. l. Braine in an expedition in 1873.
The Jeanette expedition was placed un-
der the authority Of the United States
government. DeLong proceeded to Cape
serdze Kamen, Siberia, whence he
steamed northward untfl beset by the ice
in about latitude II degrees s5 minutes
north, longitude IS degrees west, on Sep
tember 5, 1879.
The vessel drifted to the northwest and