New-York tribune., 1909-07-07
CALL TO CITIZENSHIP"
DIR. BUTLER'S ADDRESS.
Liberty Under Lazc Mdrinp for
american Children, He Says.

Den~sr, July 6.-Dr. Nicholas Murray Butler,
president of Columbia University. was the prin-
cipal speaker the second general session Of the
National Education Association tonight In his
address. the subject of which was THE Can TO
Citizenship" President Butler said The edIca-
ucnal instrumentaties OF the country. schools
colleges and universities alike, have before them q
task which takes precedence of all other questions
the task OF preparing intelligent American citizens
to take up each his share of the nadons 5 le-
! sponsibilities. He said in part:
The unrest which is abroad in the world. world, and I'd
the unchanging East as we'll as in the restless and
rapidly moving West. is in no small part que 10 TO
me lack OF understanding of what Is gong Oh III
the world and what has gone on hitherto a old
customs are giving @aT Before the corroding tooth
OF tlIne; and as the time honored creeas ponvaefn f
controlling and imperative do not come forward
20 take their place: Immense masses OF .i men ar
ses for good or evil. but without guiding Ptn1 Pth
clp!es with which to work This leads 10 lh'el-
lectual. political and moral restiessness.
There many who feel that the rising genera
knowledge of the fundamental principles Of Ameri-
can institutions and American government. Be
lend ear quite too readily to demagoggies; who h&
peiauoh id1 save one OF antasonsm to es'a apisneo
ing in the fundamental principles of Citizenship
from the stern facts which faced them. To-day;
them in places Of responsibilitv and great infu-
ence who cali them outworn. antiquated obstacles
| to popular government. and who would substitute
, wrought design Of ali time The courts are at
tackled as usurpers Of an authority which ,,ae hne
own protection The carefully built guards which
are denomnced as forTresses Of n3vileae by those
who seek privileses for themselves at the expense
OF the rights of others.
TWO ENEMIES OF HAPPINESS.
There are only two really deep seated and influ-
entail enemies of human happiness and human or
der-ignoIance and selfishness These do pretty
= rnt1 all he hat IL dnnn In he
provIng the conSItion Of mankind n Is the prov
ince OF intellectual education address itself to
the first of these and 1t is the task OF moral edu-
If one, seeking TO know the story of civilization.
tory he viii find that the record Of progress can
be written in single sentence IL is the deVelop-
| the TWO words upon whose true and faithful ex-
position ali training for citizenship must rest. He
/ the meaning of law and the relation of one to the
other is ready to face his full duty as an Ameri-
An intelligent citizenship-whch is also good
| cilizenship-implIes however. much more than
knowledge of fundamental principles. indispensable
as that kn9wledge is Good sit1enfhp imPes
conforms his action IN concrete cases ,,3 20 ne ao
| The power of self-deception keeps many Of the
worst citizens from realizing that they fail shorI
the forms and reci;e ali the formulas the creed
Of responsibility and OF duty Ihey do.e S oGI ,tS
quite the air OF martyr going to the ssass Io
The answer is instant and imperat!ye-Make some
show of genuine human feeling. Give some eK-
preston OF honest human sympathy OHer some
real sacrifice for the common Interest snd the
ones own physical comfort and material weiiaL,e,
and lend hearty hand 10 the huge task OF Inak-
ing and free from the harassing and IN large part
unnecessary cares which no" ;"Tlneh. mem. Ma
the decent and women Of America would
begin tomorrow to do the things which their
private beliefs "a and ID. tSss g0S eoo2 snT Happiness
would be marvellouslv increased before snnseL
to IT great influence. by rendering # high honor
and by h@,d4s IL n E., Ssy in 3he home and IN
the school Before all else. keep the inspiring
child. and as he grows in power OF appreciation
| see that he understands what It means and IN
The perpetuation OF democracy depends upon the
existence in ne people ed S1 s The process for
attaining justice which has thus Tar been most NOS
2enship is a call to the exercise Of liberty under
law. call to the limitation Of liberty oy ia, Ia" a ane
a call to pursuit Of justice. not only for one
self but for others
The session opened to-day with ten departmental
meetings This morning the departments Of kinder
garten school administration. manual trsinins'
business rural and agricultural physical and In
dian education held sessions. United states Com
missioner Elmer IL Brown was the principal speak
or before the kindergarteners. lie was followed by
Frank B. Dwyer OF Cleveland. and George NJ
Forbes of Rochester Following Dr. Butler at the
general session tonight J. W. Abercrombie. pres-
! dent OF the University OF Alabama, spoke on
! Ethics in civil Life" and Wilbur F. Gordy. Of
I
Reference to Internationa Peace
! CHILDREN CRIPPLED BY CITIES.
..rbe ci., does more 10 cripple the child mentally.
| physically and morally than other agency de-
| clared Professor G. w A. Luckey OF the Univer-
sity of Nebraska, to-day before tie physical edu-
| cation department. on the question Of whether
hygiene should become part Of school work Pro-
fessor uckey declared that the teaching or hygiene
in the schools would be the only relief Tor children
crippled mind and body.
4 that he n
| persons living in cities is great 20 leave no
| argument against the charge that the cities and
CITY life are responsible for low physical standards
| among school children.
Carroll @. Pearse, Superintendent OF Schools In
Milwaukee, in an address before the department or
| school education, told OF the advances made for
the benefit of children born short or lacking In
! some sense He said that the public school no
! longer refuses to admit a pupil because he lacks
in mentality but provides special course for him.
S. A Knapp official OF the United States De-
| partment OF Agriculture before the department or
rural and agricultural education. said the reason
| why college bred boys left the farm not hard
TO understand The trouble lies In education. he
said Teach their elders to farm intellisenty. as
| has been taught their sons. and their SONS would
remain at home"
TO provide institution university grade for
the training Of leaders of trade and captains of in
dustry with expert teachers OF business culture.
ethics, history, applications of the sciences. and
| world markets. is larger opportunity for some
! philanthropist than the endowment of libraries
| the establishment chairs in dead languages
| the search for mummies and scarabs that still
! more dead" said S. r. Hoover. educator of
Cleveland, speaking before the department OF bus
| ness education.
For centuries The business has helped to
! educate all the other professions-and supported
| them afterward." continued Mr.. Hoover. Now
| the dignity of his own. the incomparably larger
number engaged In IT, ard the keenness OF the
petition with those OF other lands demand a de-
| o,aEc nfI