The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1909-09-25
HOW RECKONING IS DONE
At THE NORTH POLE


Nothing must seem So aime so barren Of goal as Journey
o, the mountains and fields OF ice in the upper regions the globe
indeed such would be the
which next foodsus Of vital importance the explorer
RI; king dash to the north pole
They like many guides but unless one is thoroughly
acquainted with their character they liable do mischief
lead into error if not fields where there return
What awenspring been for Cook and
Peay have stood up and with trembling hands, read the story
hom these little instruments procaimng the north poe How
ey looed-ubbed their eyes and looked again and
again lest they only being tainted by their hunger and fatigue
This Joy has spread throughout civilized world speua-
tn many how the discovery of the pole made certain
especially there apparently nothing but landmarks
Itc guide explorer The accomplished fact
guessworI, but brought about by scientific calculations
1t is true there nothing of waste sur
rounding the pole but there many landmarks the form of cee
ta bodies which with the aid the sextan proclaim explorers
position the different degrees covered.
There several ways by which observer pole may find
1.-THE axis of the earth For instance by watching the and
rong whether makes circle around the horizon If de-
Walton except slight elevation the dnaon of the
Increases which does to the extent of fone seconds of
hour and which equal twenty minutes of time the observer
feel assured that if he stands directly at the POLE he is within
close proximity to it.
There are astronomical instruments too which can determine
position Of the pole but considering their bulk and weight would
be anything but feasible attempt them polar expedition
1t left for the sexant little hand instrument to beend
the explorer in reckoning his position.
1t essentially composed OF two small mirrors telescope and an
pvoted to the of the frame and to which rgd connected
one of the mirrors the end to the lower end attached the
which made slide divided circle usually 60 degrees
liza construction the mirrors separated few inches
apart and inches each other.
upper mirror. called perpendicular to the
divided the lower horizon glass fixed to
tie frame and divided into parts The lower svered
while the upper transparent The telescope liked to frame
plane with the horizon glass.
looks toward the horizon through the ee
line with the horizon glass at the point under the
image of the appear the index mirror facing
which the horizon glass with its back
thence through the telescope to the the light
rays almost forming the letter T.
But the line of the horizon image of the will coin
appear the telescope unless the attached to the
Index carefully moved backward forward until the two
parallel which time the images must coincide
vded the object al a considerable distance.
camped the containing the different marks
degree for angular distance between the
points.
you place small the palm OF
each hand after separating few inches raise
the the of bending the of the
the form of the letter T. In order to catch the
Image you would necessarily manipulate the
index mirror facing the and held in the right hand until would
the horizon mirror held the left
Ihd ~: n+ = 11 r. 1;~""+v '|-c"ot +~c +n1e-
Scope
But that when light differ
atmosphere especially approaching the density
of the horizon they reacted the then appearing false
position the The observer only allow for this dre
pancy but take into careful consideration for final correction
the the dip of the
atmospheric pressure and the paraax before the
position is determined.
The sIu of requires considerable dexety
ITS best is far from being probably coming within
Ia quarter of a mile of reading
To be absolutely in placing the pole however large zenith
telescope would have be stationed the
present Of course this is impractcabe
John P Buckley in Washington Star.