The San Francisco call., 1909-11-22
: ANSWERS X TO X QUERIES

TAMMANY-C. L. A, Fresno. Cal. What is
the Tammany society and Tammany hall. New
York cityl
In 1889 the Columbian order was or
ganized in New York by William
Mooney. In 1906 it was Incorporated
and the name Tammany society
adopted. the name being taken from
that of an Indian chief. The organiza-
tion was supposed in a general way TO
Initiate Indian customs. The officers
were sachems or chiefs, sa gamores or
master of ceremonies, guard of the
wigwam (the name given TO the meet
ing place. and the members were called
braves. 1t was at first a social or
ganization, but in about 1900 the ma
jority of its members were in sympathy
with Aaron Burr, and the society en-
tered politics under his standard. From
the first the qualities that have been
most prominent in it prevailed, thor
ough organization and a thorough can
vass. Tammany was for a short time
allied with De Witt Clinton. but they
separated and Tammany came to be
recognized as the regular democratic
faction. 1t has since been a factor, if
a very uncertain one, to be reckoned
with. Its field of greatest activity has
been in the local politics of New York
is also a factor. In 1880 there was
added to the organization, the general
. committee containing representatives
of every election district.
Tammany hall is the name of the
place in which the society meets. The
Tammany society is now nominally a
charitable association. with social feat
ures, and distinguishes itself from it's
general committee, which is designated
as a political organization and which
can not meet in the hall except by
permission of the society.
NAUTICAL. MILE Subscriber City. What Is
the length of a nautical mile as adopted by the
United States?
The United States photographic Of
fee furnishes the following answer:
I'm the United States the nautical mile
is defined to be one-sixtieth part of
degree of great circle of a sphere
whose surface is equal in area to the
area of the surface of the earth. This
value computed by Clarke's spheroid
is 1,S53,24S meters"
The meter, unit of length, is nearly
the ten -millionth part of quadrant
Of meridian of the distance between
equator and pole.
DEPTHS OF OCEAN-Subseriber City. Is
there any obstacle to obtaining all depths Of
oceanf
The officers of the photographic Of
fee, to which this question was sub
m1IIeu. say. Inere is no obstacle in
obtaining the greatest depths when the
most approved sounding apparatus is
used The greatest difficulty is in
Keeping the Snip in steady position.
so as to get an up and down cast. Wind
and sea have a tendency to make a
ship drift. and this has to be counter
acted by the use of the engines
SIR JAMES, THE ROSS-C. S. Con
zales. CAL Mrs. Fl. F. Blose of Ckiah.
Mendocino county, says that she can
furnish the words of the poem you de-
sire on Sir James, the Ross, in which
are the lines.
Come all ye Scottish northern chiefs
Of high and warlike fame.
The greatest was Sir James, the Ross.
The knight of Mucklehame.
IRISH H-AAiERICAN-Sub. and Daily Reader
City. What is Irish-Ameriean.
The term Irish-American is one an
piled to one born in Ireland who has
settled in the United States. and TO one
who is native of America of Irish
parents.
LEAD ORE-N. A. s. Oakland Cal WIZ iS
IL that lead ore in east and west lodes is al
ways found in cubes, while in north and south
lodes it is not7
The primitive form of galena or
suiphate of lead crystals is the cuhe
Whenever left free to crystalize. sub