Staunton spectator and vindicator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1896-1916, 1909-05-21
ORCHARD SPRAYING.
DEMONSTRATIONS BEING CONDUCTED
BY Il. S. DEPARTMENT CT AGRI-
CULTURE.

CULTURE.
The Z. S. department of agriculture
is conducting orchard spraying demons
trations for the control of the codling
spot diseases in Augusta, Shenandoah
and Albemarle counties. The follow
ing is the course of treatment to be ap-
piled and the same in recommend for
use by the fruit growers of this section.
For spraying York Imperial, Ben
Davis, Albemarle Pippin and other
varieties that are not seriously subject
to scab, use boreueaux mixture COM
posed of 2 lbs bluestones and lbs lime
to 50 gallons of water with 2 lbs of
arsenate of lead added. For such bad
scabbing varieties as the winesap and
mammoth black twig the amount of
bluestone and lime should be increased
to 3 lbs each. These are weak mixtures
and are expected to be applied very
thoroughly with power sprayer or
with hand outfit working under high
pressure. If one is not equipped to do
thorough work stronger mixture
should be used. The object in using a
weak Bordeaux is to avoid russetting
the fruit and burning the foliage, which
unfortunately is likely to happen in
wet weather.
SCHEDULE OF APPLICATIONS.
Winesaps and other varieties that
scab usually need to be sprayed first
before the trees bloom. In the demons
tration work this treatment was made
about the middle of April. The Yorks
and Ben Davis in the Valley and Albe-
marie Pippins east of the mountain
scab so little that this early treatment
is not required.
FIRST SPRAYING.
AS soon as the petals fall and before
the calyX lobes close is the time. This
is the principal treatment for the cod
ling moth, apple scab and leaf spot,
and is more important for these trou-
bles than all the other treatment COM
bined. The nozzles should be bent at
an angle so as to direct the spray down.
ward into the blossom end of the apple
which at this time is wide open. The
larger per cent. of the worms enter the
apple at the blossom end and if the
spraying is properly done they will get
dose OF poison with their first meal.
In ten days or two weeks after the
petals fall the calyX lobes close and the
spraying cannot be SO effectively done
thereafter.
SECOND SPRAYING.
Three to four weeks after the petals |
fall. AT this time the codling moth
worms are just beginning to hatch and
as they often feed on the leaves thor
ough spraying will kill many of them
before they reach the fruit. This is
also an important application for leaf |
diseases.
THIRD SPRAYING
About nine weeks after the petals |
fall. This treatment is for the second |
brood of codling meth and for bitter
rot. On varieties that are subject to
bitter rot this application should be
made a week or ten days earlier.
FOURTH SPRAYING.
Three weeks after the third. This is
also bitter rot treatment and gives ad-
ditional protection against the codling
moth and leaf diseases.
The yellow Newtown or Albemarle
Pippin which rots badly will usually
require another application three weeks
after the fourth; but for the varieties
commonly grown in the Valley the
four treatments outlined above, if pro-
perly applied, will give ample protec-
ton against insects and diseases SO that
95 per cent of the fruit should be good
merchantable stock.
w. M. SCOTT,
U. S. Department of Agriculture,
Washington, d. G.