The Birmingham age-herald., 1909-09-19
10 IS ORIGINAL?-By Dr. w. E. Evans

tial. Pythagoras and Shakespeare in Mill ton. As to the last, in Loves Labor Lost" are the lines: "As sweet and musical As bright Apolo's lute." In Mlton's "Comus" we read that phil osophy Is
 Not harsh and grabbed, AS dull fools suppose, But musical
 As Is Apolo's lute." "Loves Labor Lost' was written about 1590; Milton's first edition of "Conius'' ap- peared In 1637.
 MACAULAY
 The excessive figure used by Lord Macaulay in his review of Ranke's His tory of the Popes, so familiar to every body and so often quoted, became Mac aulay's property by suggestion. In his essay on the book named, Macaulay says of the Roman Catholic church, that it May still exist in undiIninished vigor when some traveller from New Zealand shall, in the midst of vast solitude, take his stand on a broken arch of London bridge to sketch the ruins of St. Paul's." This was written in 1s40, in the review of Rankes work 1t was pet figure with Macaulay, he thought 1t almost incom- parable. He used 1t in reviewing Miss Mitford's History of Greece. In 1924. and repeated 1t in a criticism of Mills Essay
 
 aulay get the thought? Most likely from these sources:
 In 175e Oliver Goldsmith wrote. "The sorrowful traveller wanders over the aw full ruins. Here stood their citadel, but now grown over with weeds; temples and theatres stood here. now an undistin- guished heap of ruins" There's Mac aulay's first suggestion here's the sec ond:
 In 1774 Horace Walpole wrote, At last some curious traveller from Lima will visit England and give a description of the ruins of St. Paul's" The third sug- gestion Macaulay probably derived from Volney's Ruins" published in 17S7. The verbal likeness is astonishing. Says Vol ney. 'Who knows but that hereafter some traveller will sit down upon the banks of the Seine, the Thames, or the Zuder Zee who knows but he will sit down solitary amid silent ruins and weep a people inurned and their greatness changed into an empty name.'
 Just pick thought here s-.d there from these quotations, and, presto, you have Macaulay's figure and Image.
 DANIEL WEBSTER.
 Tn one of his celebrated orations Dan iel Webster used a rhetorical image that seems to be immortal. Orators, writers and newspaper reporters will never let it die. I suppose 1t will always be asso- ciated with the name of the great con- stitutional champion who dared to cross swords with John c. Calhoun on the loftiest forum of the American nation. I refer to the phrase,
 "A sea of upturned faces"
 It Is a picturesque and vivid figure. It passes for Webster's. But was 1t orig inal with him? No; for long before he used It. Sir Walter Scott had employed the figure and the identical language in Rob Roy" In volume 1, and chapter 20. of that fine old novel you may read, "I next strained my eyes with equally bad success, to see, if among the sea of up- turned, which bent their eyes on the pulpit as a common center, I could dis cover the sober and business-lile physi- ognomy of Oven
 DICKENS AND HAWTHOR ORNE.
 I shall not do more than refer to the George Cruikshank contention. that Pagan, in "Olver Twist" was not Dick ens' creation Cruikshank held that he descrfttd such a person to Dickens. and advised him to write story with such character. which Dickens did. With this scant proprietary right in Pagan. Mr. Cruikshank. he claimed him as his own. The claim was absurd. If Cruik- shank 'nominated'' tho Jew for Dick ems story. only Dioken4 of all men in