davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1909-03-18
AN IMMEDIATE PROBLEM.

Tillers Of the soil I'm all the older
agricultural sections OF the country
are up against an economic proposition
which 1t would be well worth while
for them to take into serious account.
We refer to that to be found In an In.
crease In the value Of farm lands In
the sections referred to. a correspond
ing increase in rental charges. and this
coupled with the fact ct n continually
decreasing soil fertility. Those who
have thought Of this problem even SUI
perficially can realize at one that this
condition Of affairs cannot continue
long. Either the soil robbing methods
OF filling land will have to be aDan-
doned and more rational system
adopted In their place In the shape OF
dairying and stock raising or else
farms Of the class referred to will
themselves have to re abandoned. The
wise course to follow would seem to
lie along the line Of reformation OF
agricultural methods. viii h Is TIE only
way out uf the difficulty consistent
with financial consideration ard patri-
otto regard for the dignity ot agri"ul-
rure as vocation and the marvellous
original endowment CT soil fertility.
We should quit this dishonoroble bust
ness OF soil robbery and develop n
keener regard than we feel for the
agricultural bankruptcy which It will
lead to II persisted in
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1909-03-18
Tho psnaltv Of Kindness.


The man who had about three times
as much as he could carry felt In Ills
pocket for a nickel. The conductor
waited patiently while he extracted
package Of cigarette papers, four
matches. q little wad Of string and
cOrkscrew.
"Noshing doin'," said the sozzled one
and Immediately lost interest In the
matter.
"Come, get off," said the conductor.
"Here; it's Jefferson avenue. can't
let you 60 any farther without pay
ing"
Just then a fat man leaned over and
gave the conductor nickel. LET him
ride" he said, and the ICON" rang up
the fare and passed on.
When the car reached the end OF the
line the inebriated gentleman was still
doing
eWhy don't you get OFF," roared the
"con," shaking him. "Where do you
want to go?"
The passenger opened one watery
eye sleepily.
where do go?" he exclaimed.
"W'y, Jefferson avenue" - st. Louis
Republic.
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1909-03-18
Why Sailors Like SCRAPS"

1t has long been observed that the
sailor, whether in commercial or gov.
eminent service takes a peculiar de.
light in mixing up with the blue
coat, but this inclination has been at.
tributed more to natural exuberance
which comes with a land leave. &C.
celebrated somewhat by artificial mea MS.
than to animus inherent with deep sea
life. But why this feeling? Perhaps
II is that the strict rules OF marine
service. the long periods Of close con
fnement to which the seaman Is sub
jected. make him hater Of any one
who wears the emblem OF authority
when he Is temporarily enjoying free
dom on shore leave away from the re.
strnints aboard ship. The sailor wants
liberty In It's full sense, and realizing
that the bluecoat Is the chief obstacle
TO bis Obtaining It. he develops firm
conviction that the policeman ought tC
be trounced on general principles. In
time II becomes his chief peaceful am.
bition. Brooklyn Standard Union.
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1909-03-18
Poetic Justice.

A certain couple in New England
village. each the parent OF six children,
had meted out to them kind Of poetic
justice In which they failed to see the
poetry.
The woman. Il widow. pleading that
she had no home and was therefor,
unable to care for her children. Undue.
ed the local authorities to admit them
to an orphan asylum. The man.
widower, pleading he had no house
keeper and therefore no one TO care
for his children. induced the authori'
ties to admit his six also. Therenpon,
being freed from all membranes,
these two married.
All went well for a few months,
when the authorities. learning Of the
situation, promptly dispatched the
twelve children back to their parents
and. the woman no longer able to rep,
resent herself ms homeless or the man
as without housekreper. they were
forced to receive them.
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1909-03-18
Biuaer Than the Sun.

A minute parallaA ol about one-six
tieth of a second Of arc found fol
Arcturus by Or. Elkin gave most
astounding result. This small paral
lax implies a distance from the earth
equal to about 12.OOO.OOO times the
suns distance. This vast distance
would produce diminution Of light Of
about thirty-fve and one-fourth mag
nitudes, 30 that the sun placed at the
distance Of Arcturus would be reduced
to star Of only nine and three-fourths
magnitude. 1t would not he visible
with an opera glass. Arcturus IL
therefore In round numbers nine and
one-half magnitudes, or over 6,OO
times brighter than the sun would be-
at the same distance. Assuming the
same density and brightness Of sur
face as the sun. the diameter Of Arc.
turus would therefore be about sew
enty nine times the suns diameter. or
over 8S,OOOOOO miles, and its mass
about 10000 times the mass of the
sun-fgures well calculated to stag
ger the Imagination"
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1909-03-18
New system of Roadma l;ina.

A new sy"tcm Of roadinakinE which.
It Is claimed. will stand the wear anC
tear of he;.vy traffic, such as motor
wagons, and be virtually dustiess Is to
he tried on Il more extended scale by
the Lancas ire county council in Eng
land. 1t has already been tested on
short lengths Of road, and after four
years hard use the road shows ne
siSn CT wear. 1t Is made with small
granite sets. three and a half to three
and three-Quarter inches, laid IN inter
secting circles. This method OF paw
ing Is said to be much mere econom'
lcal than paving with ordinary gran
tie. At the instance Of the county
council the system Is to be tried on II
length Of main road between Accring.
ton and Washington.
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1909-03-18
MAKING A GOOD ROAD
Ground on Which It Is to Be Built
Must Be Drained.
SHAPING IS MOST IMPORTANT

That Of Finished Highways Should
Be In Cross Section, Shallow Curve
or Shallow Truncated Cons--tiow
TO- Grade-MateriaIs 10 Use.
Today good road must be surveyed.
1t must circle on wind its way UP hills
instead Of mounting them in defiance
Of the laws Of gravity. 1t should not
follow the primitive settlers path or
the track Of his COW. 1t must avoid
creeks and swamps, and everywhere
Its grade should be foreseen with near
ly as much care as is used on rail
road.
AS a chain Is no stronger than its
weakest link. just so the greatest load
which can be hauled over road is the
load which can be hatlled through the
deepest mudhole or up the steepest hill
on that road The cost of hauage is
therefore necessarily increased in pro-
portion to the roughneSs of the surface
or the steerness OF the grade. This
cost may easily be reckoned directly
IN time. loss Of temper and wear and
tear on the horse. Indirectly 1t amounts
to tens of thousands of dollars.
The ground on which the road Is to
be built must he drained. This IS va
riously done, according to different cir
cumstances. but the fundamental re.
quiremcnt Is side bitches. These, be
ing lower than the bed of the road,
receive the water from its surface as
well as from Its body.
On hills no "thank-you-ma ans or
breaks or hummocks should be con
stru"ted. but instead the read should
be sloped so that the water will run
to the side channels or. If necessary.
be led to them by broad. shallow
bitches cut diagonally across. Under
ground culverts from the uphill to the
downhil side of the road should be
built at frequent intervals.
If the highway is through low or
sprngy land subdrainage as well az
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1909-03-18
Death In Various Forms.

A crank came running into the office
and said that man swallowed two
foot rule and died by inches. The edi,
tor started out at once to learn fur.
Their particulars Of the death and. meet
Ing DR. Martin. told him about the
case. He said that was nothing; that he
had a patient once who swallowed Il
Thermometer and died by degrees. A
couple Of bys,and"rs just then Clipped
In. One Of them said It reminded him
Of a fellow In Kansas who swallowed
a pistol and went of easy. The other
one said he had friend who took a
quart Of appleiack and died In good
spirits.-EXC hange.
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1909-03-18

ment Of hand laid rocks, over which
smaller courses Of gravel are spread
and crushed. In both cases tine s,CneS
must be fairly uniform and angular. so
as to fit together under pressure. To
cement this mass water and stone
screenings, but never earth or clay. are
rolled into the surface.
The qualities required Of gravel to
be available for constructing mae
adam or telford road are, above all,
hardness and toughness. Stones con-
tanning flint or quartz. for instance,
are bad. because. although hard. they
are brittle. Most kinds Of granite are
undesirable. since they lecoInpose rap
idly. but the darker one containing
hornbende instead OF feldspar are
better. Slate and sandstone are use
less. Some llmestones are coed but
the best material is traprock. This Is
hard and tough. In case enough trap
cannot be got an inferior stone may be
used underneath and the trap for sur
facing.
A stone road thus carefully con.
structed is an expensive undertaking,
but once built 1t is there for all time
and serves all corners. Over good
road the traffic increases year by year.
The Dutch boy who stopped a food
by thrustine his arm into the hole In
the dixie understood the principle o.
water wear. This same principle ap-
plies to roads as well as to bikes. Once
a channel Is started destruction Is sure
to follow. \ wheel rut cutting into an
unforeseen soft spot or Il pat, h Ct loos-
cned stones may If unmcnded be the
beginning Of hundreds of dollars Of
waste. Nothing Ge!eriora.es 50 raI!dly
as Il ncglet ted road and few things
are so easy to maintain In perfect CON
dtiCn If slight continual rain8takine
insre: tion f. allowed to rule.
In seine southern states, especially
those in the valleys Of the Mississippi
and It's tributaries, burnt clay roads
have been u"ed. The prCre's IL simple.
The clay roqdbed IS plowcd up and
roasted over cren wood fires. n!uch as
bri ks are baked. The 'Eur.No" CT
"buckShCt' thus loses 4 coed G"al or
its water ID when miy"d with I'M
cooked clay and then thoroughly rolled
forms smooth and durable surface
William Leavitt Stoddard In Youths
Companion.
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1909-03-18


surface drainage Is an absolute neceS-
sity Dry roadDcdS are as essential
for good roads as dry powder for sue
cessful fighting If water Is allowed
to get at the foundation OF the road II
underminps, freezes and eventually
loosens the soil Everybody who has
foundered hub high through spring
mud knows that this Is only too true.
SubdraIns are In the end inexpensive,
They may be constructed of field
stone, of lo,s or fagotS of wood or
bundles OF brush. Of brick or, best OF
all, of tile and stone.
The general shape of all roadbeds,
as we'll as of all finished highways,
should be in cross section, a shallow
curve or else a shallow truncated cone.
In this respect. rs we'll rs IN regard to
drainage, lies the superiority OF the
modern over the Roman road. The
aim today is to build hard, smooth,
we'll graded and well drained, water
proof and compact pavement on which
wheeled vehicles may travel In safety
and with speed. One inch to the foot
is Il successful curve.
The preliminary grading, after the
stumps and large stones have been re-
moved and the general smoothing
has been done, is accomplished by
means of the road machine. Will h
may be adjusted so rs to spread the
earth, shave 1t away ut I'll" desired
angles and roughly whittle the bed t."
the required form. Ry 1t also the side
bitches are partly dug out. \ roaC
thus Crowned" or rounded off. even
II nothing more IS done to 1t, vii! give
better service than its old, fiat, I'M
drained predecessor.
The next step Is to roll the road
with heavy steam or horse roller TIL
the surface Is firm and hard. This
process Is slow and expensive, but If
we would keep the water from seeping
through and prevent waStcful rutS
and washouts 1t must be done. In
some country districts where the APP
preparation IS scant traffic Is now adj
mtted. and ALTHOUGH this earth roa'
Is the least permanent highway made
yet II is in Jmparably better than the
former unirlproved. wet and un"radrd
wagon track. Constant SLIGHT repairs
will maintain such road In good
shape indefinitely.
All sorts Of materials have been
used in the construction of highways
Where stone IL too costly some top
dressing rolled firmly In tends to pro
long the life of the road. Sand alone
or clay alone is utterly impracticable.
When mixed In the proper propor,:3n1
and rolled. however. they make an ex-
ceIlent surface. Sawdust tanbark, the
refuse Of sugar cane, straw. fax and
swamp grass have all been successful
ly utilized.
In the stone road the process as far
as It goes Is exactly the same. The
roadbed must be surveyed, graded,
drained. shaped and rolled. In gen
eral two kinds of stone road are In
use. the macadam and the telford
named from the two Scotchmen who
first made practical application of
their principles. In both broken stone
ia rolled to compact, curved bed, tit
tingly drained The main difference Is
that the telford road has O subpaYe-
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1909-03-18
ASPHALT IN ROCK ROADS.
An improvement Suggested For the
Use Of Motor Cars.

States that are considering good
roads are likely to be interested In the
suggestions recently made In Wash.
ington by AMI l.. Barber, who has
spent his He In the asphalt business.
If II is Mt all feasible It would apply
chiefly In thickly settled districts. ana
especially in the vicinity Of cities,
where motor cars, as In Jackson coun-
~. Mo-. are beginning to wear out the
highways.
Murndam has net stood up under the
tremendous grinding Of the heavy,
high Srccd cars. ard the MASSachu-
sets highway commission and the
federal GOV, rnment are cuHdu,t ting ex-
pcrmcrts t. trd Il substitute.
Mr. BARRIERS suggestion. made at the
annual meeting Of the independent AS
phAlt association In Washington, Is
that the problem could be so'vcd by
laying n strip of asphalt in the middle
Of macadam road. Taking the aver
age cost Of making n sixteen foot MAJ
adam roadway at $4,000 n mile, Mr..
Barber estimated the tO.Hl cost of n
sixteen foot road with six foot strip
Of asphalt In the middle at about $l3..
Geo mile. an increase of 80 per cent.
Horses can be driven on the mae.
adam. as now, If desired" Mr. Barber
said. "Mctor cars when the read il
clear will have an ideal surface In the
middle, equal to Il billiard tan!", with
no ruts or Jumps to look cut for. When
the cars meet they may slow down
and turn ont 80 as to run upon the
muCadam only On enc side ana Tor Il
few feet. and when rain first falls ON
the asphalt making it slippery, the"
can run VITA one side on tie pavement
and enc SID On the macadam to avoid
skiLGing. When ON the strip Of pave
mcut IN the middle they will cause
neither duS' nor wear.
"Finally. and If no other advantage
were to be gained. farmers can haul on
the asphalt more than double the load
that they can haul on mac adam. This
consideration alone should decide the
matter in favor Of the asphalt strip
Mr.. Barber expressed the opinion
that the federal government ought II
appropriate $20H0ooO n year Tor
roads. to lie aprortioned to states pro
yiding three times the amount re
CpiVpu
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1909-03-18

An Oklahoma lady reader Of these
notes reports that field OF alfalfa
which Is located near her poultry
yard Is freIuented by her flock dur
Ing all the winter months when the
weather will permit, and I'm that lati-
tude this is virtually the whole win
ter season. The field with It's plants
rich In protein makes an ideal pasture.
furnishing not only needed exercise.
but most valuable ration OF nourish-
ing green food. In the north these ad-
vantages can be but poorly initiated
hay
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1909-03-18
All Riaht.

"rhat girls all right" said the
blond girl In the dressing room after
she had looked everywhere for her
overshoes. "The one who has just
left, she's gone off with both the right
overshoes and left me the left ones."-
New York Times.
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1909-03-18

In all Of the northern states where
the cold winters, with alternate thaw-
Ing and freezing, give the Orchardist
concern it is we'll to give the young
orchard tree low head, which Will
protect the trunk from intense heat in
summer and do much to dissipate the
rays of the sun in winter.
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1909-03-18
He Was Perfectly Frank With Her.

TIC "db dFN VFEtTF
81 will never marry man" said a
naughty young woman. "whose for
tune has not at least five ciphers In 1t. :"
Take me-" replied her admirer, u
young lawyer mine is all ciphers.
Ladies Home Journal.
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1909-03-18
An Early Riser.

Are you an early riser, Pat"
IAN l? Sure. I'm sich an early
riser. sor, that I'm afeared some time
III ketch mesilf gittin' up when I'm
COIN TO -Yonkers Statesman.
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1909-03-18
A Good Excuse.

Little Willie don't need to take
bath tonight, mamma. Mamma" ny
roti Little WILLIE was out in the
rain today and got all wet.-New York
Journal
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1909-03-18

Money In circulation In the United
States on Feb. l this year ~ placed
at $3,G9l. 81, $40, which. divided among
the SS,32S,00O population, gives a per
capita circulation of $35.
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1909-03-18

The denaturcd alcohol output OF the
country for 1908 was 3,S74,625 gallons,
gain of Is per cent over the 1907
product, which amounted to 1884 500
gallons. Prospects for the present
year are for largely increased pro-
duction.
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1909-03-18
Stuno.

THAT man has no conscience"
"Why do you think so?'
He cheated me fearfully in horse
trade in which | supposed was easily
getting the better end Of the bargain"
Chicago Record Herald
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1909-03-18

Coed times are said to he quite ac-
curately measured by the <ondition Of
the pig iron trade. This has been given
still further ilustr" a Of late in the
two years. In 1907 the output was the
largest on record. being %. 1885, tons.
while last year, following the financial
depression, the production Of pig iron
fell to 15,93601S tons, a slump of 39
per cent.
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1909-03-18
THE WOMEN'S PAPER

THE SUN is the best type of a news
paper morally and intellectually. In adj
dition to the news of the day, it publish
the best features that can be present
ed, such as fashion articles and miscella-
neous writings from men and women of
note and prominence. 1t is an educator
of the high hest character, constantly slim
dating TO noble ideals in individual and
national life.
The SUN is published on Sunday as
we'll as every other day of the week.
BY Mail the Daily Sun, S3 Il year:
including the Sunday Sun, ~ 80. The
Sunday sun alone, $3.50 Il year.
Address
A. $. ARELL COMPANY.
Publishers and Proprietors,
BALTIMORE, MD.
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1909-03-18
THE FARMERS PAPER

The SUNS market reports and COM
mercial columns are complete and relia-
BILE, and put the farmer, the merchant
and the broker in touch with the markets
of Baltimore, Norfolk, Charleston, New
York, Chicago, Philadelphia and all other
important points in the United States
and other countries. All of which the
rao Tor uats for ono cent
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1909-03-18

speak the truth not SO much as ]
would, but as much AZ I dare, and ]
dare little the more as l grow older.
Montague.
Catoctin clarion. [volume] (Mechanicstown, Md.) 1871-1940, 1909-03-18

Missouri and Kansas horticulturists
are beginning to realize the danger to
their orchards from spread Of the
dreaded San Jose scale and have
joined in petition to the legislatures
Of the two states for laws which will
provide for nursery inspection as well
us the location and isolation Of infest-
ed orchards and the taking of such
precautions as will prevent spread
Of the scourge
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1909-10-08
sparkle FROM MAINE WIRES,

Charged with melting mutiny among the
crew and with resisting Capt David IL
Sumner in exercising his command of
the schooner Alice May Davenport Jur-
gen Rahlf. the German sailor arrested
Wednesday on the arrival at Portland of
the Davenport from d coal port. was
bound over Thursday to the December
term of the United States district court
in the sum of $1,000 He was lodged in
Jail. Rahlf is p years of age and halls
ION Kiel. Germany
Two hundred and scvcnty-five barrels
of Holsters were shipped Wednesday from
Rockland. Boston & Maine connections
we're delayed nearly half an hour while
the crustaccans were being transferred
The Holsters were shipped by four deal
crs and went to many points in the Unit
ed States as we'll as to Mexico CITY, In
this connection it is announced that larg
catches are being made at Matinicus after
two months of close time. The fishermen
are getting from 30 to o25 Holsters per
boat The slnackmcn are paying is cents
apiece.
Frank S. Buttcrworth of New Haven
CT. Thursday in the United States court
at Portland was appointed ancillary re-
ceiyer for Maine of the Gilbert Trans
pcrtatiOn Co. of Connecticut. Mr. But
terworth already had been appointed re-
ceivcr in the Connecticut and Massa chu-
settS courts. Seven vessels of this com
pany. which was engaged in Transporting;
material for the Cape Cod canal work
| have been libelled for debts Samuel r.
| Rosof and Granville Whittlesley of New
York William r Smith and Ch1S l.
| Ball of Massa chusetts and the Merritt e.
| Chapman Derrick and Wrecking Co. of
West Virginia were the petitioners The
| libeled craft are the schooners Frederick
| Schepp, Rodney Parker Mystic Jennie S.
! Hall 5. NJ. Bird and Alice =. Turner and
| the barge Sumner r, Mead.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1909-10-08

copenhagen, Oct. Capt c. e.
porchereyink, the Antarctic explorer,
who wintcred in the Southern Polar re-
eion in 1900 and is about to undertake
another expedition there, has express
cd his opposition to the proposed sub
mission of DR.. Cooks records to the
University of Copenhagen and to the
committee of the American Gcograph-
jcal Society. In the course of an in
tervcw Capt. Borchgrevink declares
that this procedure will not prove sat
isfactory, because he considers that
both bodies are prepossessed in FAVOR
of DIR. Cook. Capt. Borchgrevink sug-
cests that the Geographical Society OF
Geneva as an unprecedented body
should be asked to settle the matter,
A Greenland clergyman named Luo-
wig. who is "a member OF the Cape
York MISSION and is acquainted win
both DR.. Cook and Commander Pcary
has opened Il campaign against u"
latte, rritnratipC gor" old ALLEGATIONS
as tn his i'll treatment of tho EHGul-
mauv. Among other charges. hr ~
Ieecs that Commander PcarY one" Dc
serted = band Of WO1rn and children
on tho ice without food. because they
hindercd the rapid advanc" of his eX-
petition.