The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1909-07-06
THE EMPIRE OF INDIA
lI.-Anarehy and Assassination.
BY FREDERIC J. HAsKIN.

Calcutta, India, July 5.-Whte the lead
ers Of the political revolution in India
publicly deplore the rise Of anarchy, they
privately declare that violence is always
to be expected from the more emotional
sections of any people thoroughly stirred
ana aroused to unanimous discomfort
With their government The anarchy in
India is not to be taken as a measure of
the unrest and discomfort Of the people,
for 1t is quite insignificant in compari-
son. Taken as the manifestation Of the
emotions Of the extremists, and as
promise Of what may follow, the anar-
cnistic demonstrations assume great i'm
pOrtance.
Then. as the British police officer who
mas had the measures Of repression in
hand remarked, il must be remembered
thdt the Bengalese, who have been most
~ concerned in the anarchy, have been
always peace-loving, inOffensive people.
Inc last two years records the only in
stances Of political violence among Ben
galee civilians in the two centuries of
British occupation. The mutiny of 1857
was movement among the mercenary
soldiers who formed the bulk of the
British army, and il was famed into
lame by a tactless disregard for the
oriental religious prejudices Of the rank
and file Of the native troops.
The present outbreak is entirely differ
ent 1t is among educated civilians who
nave absorbed western ideas of govern
ieges. The S5pOy mutiny was violent
reaction toward Orientslism. The anar-
chy in India today is the result of d
reckless attempt to advance toward the
tuH possession Of the vices and virtues
Of the occident Bombs and bomb throw
ing are occidental in origin, and the in
spiration of the Indian anarchists is
found IN Europe and, 50 say the police
in America.
It is impossible to give a complete his
tory of the OUtrages which have been
peTpetrated in India in the past two
years, but the case Of the Calcutta an
5Ichlsts may be taken as a fair sample
Al first the assassinations and attempted
assaSsinatiOns were confined to the inte-
rlor, and small Magistrates who had been
severe IN political cases were the vic
TINS. Late in 1907 the aspect of the af-
falr was changed by three successive at
tampts TO wreck the train carrying Sir
Andrew Fraser, then lieutenant governor
OF Bengal Once the train was actually
wrecked, but Sir Andrew and his party
escaped injury.
The regulation forbiddng public meet
ings was then enforced with renewed Wig
or. few miles south of Calcutta is the
small French town of ChandeTgore. one
OF the small remaining bits of the once
great French Indian empire. Some Hin
du students sought to hold a meeting
there, on French territory and beyond
the jurisdiction of the British. The
french mayor forbade the assemblaga
Within a few weeks two bombs were
thrown into his carriage, one of which /
came perilously near to accomplishing its
Early in 1908 a bomb was thrown at the
carriage Of Judge Kingsport of Mozuf-
ferpOre, an interior city. The Judge had
ordered the whipping of several members
Of one political union and had decreed
the deportation OF an agitatOr. The an
archists were waiting for his carriage.
and when they saw it cast the bomb
without waiting to see if the judge was
m IL He was not. but the bomb ex-
ploded and killed Mrs. and Miss Ken
nedy, guests Of Judge Kingsport One
or the men who threw the bomb COM
mltted suicide, the other was hanged
There was some evidence that the two
men were sent out from Calcutta under
orders to assassinate Judge Kingsport
and to take the consequences. There was
no attempt to escape, as the murderers
DeheVed they had killed their man. The
man who was hanged shouted "Bandema-
taram," the forbidden national anthem.
on the scaffold.
Soon after this the Calcutta police
on a house IN Muraripooker garden i'm
Calcutta. In this and subsequent raids
Jhlrty-siX men were arrested. In the
garden was found a completely equipped
factory for making bombs, with a large
stock Of explosives and arms. The trunk
OF a huge tree was filled with bullets
the result of frequent target practice
Many seditiOus documents were found
and others were luckily discovered" BY
an overzealous police force.
The men were all taken before a mag
istrate, and after an examination which
lasted fifty days were committed to be
trled before higher court on the charge
OF conspiracy to wage war against the
king. The court before which they were
taken is a curious example of the 'combi-
nation OF judicial and executive func-
ions IN the Indian government. An Eng
fish judge tried the case. assisted by two
native tax assessors. The two assessors
occupied the bench with the Judge. and
at the end of the trial. which lasted for
rs days, gave their verdict. The Judge.
as usual, paid no attention TO the asses
sors, but gave his judgment as he
pleased, Overruiing his nominal asso-
crates. Then the whole case went to the
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