The daily telegram. [volume] (Clarksburg, W. Va.) 1901-1926, 1909-04-10
Points Ouf the Beneficial Efs
fects Arbitration Have
Had in History.

CHICAGO, April 10.--secretary 81
War Dickinson. responding to me
toast The Progress Of Peace al d
BANQUET given by the Hamilton club.
I'm this city, called attention to the
fact that mankind was always hoping
for the fuldllment Of the prophecy
that strong nations shall beat their
swords into plowshares. and their
spears into pruning hooks, nation shan
nttsltft up sword against nation, Meth
er SHAH they learn war any more"
He said that the time was not far dis.
tant 'but there has been such de-
velopment and strengthening Of the
forces that make for peace that its
advocates are boldly !, aggressiye.
knowing that they have the potential.
ity that comes from the quIckened,
universal conscience of an enlightened
tage." The present status, in the
progress of,peace, he said, Is the pro-
duct OF centuries. International arr.
Filtration, which entered upon new
era about 1915, he said, has so pro-
crossed In our time that NO one can
doubt that 1t. is the most powerful
force now working upon the nations
for the temporal happiness Of man
kind. international arbitration, as we
know ii, is no more the product of the
last hundred years than was the Fed
eral Constitution of 1888 a product OF
that err. 1t IS the flower of our
Time
Courts Better Than Arms.
Secretary Dickinson cited various
steps in the progress Of arbitration
and said 1.-The Formation of our Fed
eral Constitution, creating for the first
time a court with fun and final power
Ito settle all controversies between
sovereign states. was the greatest step
ever. taken toward substitution OF judi
cial procedure for appeal to arms .
Three separate boards of arbitration
We're created under the Jay treaty. Of
1874, he said, which contained pro-
visions for adjusting by arbitration
three questions which threatened to
involve US in war with Great Britain.
A general reaction prevailed in all
civilized countries, after the over.
throw Of Napolean, against barbar-
Gus methods of settling disputes.
peace IDEAS" he said. were fostered
and promoted in every way. Peace
societies and Peace Congresses con-
stantly stirred the conscience of the
world"
Speaking of the various treaties
made by the United States declaring
this country in favor Of arbitraBle set
Element of international disputes, he
said that the treaty Of ls4s between
the United States and Mexico provid-
ed that the two nations would in the
future adjust their disagreements by
pacific negotiations and by arbltra
ton. The Senate committee on for
elgn relations in a. resolution reported
to the Senate in 1851 declared that 1t
was desirable to secure in treaties .
provision for arbitration. The years
1s54, 1872, 1874 and 1888 found
Similar resolutions introduced.
The Washington Treaty.
'.The treaty which most profoundly
Influenced the ideas of the world
continued Mr.. Dickinson, was that OF
Washington in 1871. which provided
for four arbitrations. In 1853, during
the preliminary negotiations, Mr..
Adams assured Lord Russell that
there was no fair and equitable form
Of conventional arbitrament' to which
America would be willing to submit"
The Secretary Of War said that Lord
Russell was accredited in the begin
ming as saying that England would
not be disgraced forever II foreign
government were left to arbitrate
whether an English secretary Of state
has been, diligent or negligent in the
discharge Of his duties. 'Mr. Adams
rose again to a great height and
saved the treaty by getting his coli
leagues to make. an extrajudicial but
effective declaration that certain
claims ought to be excluded from
consideration, Mr.. Adams declaring
that he would be assuming a great
responsibility. but that he did not do
so as an Arbitrator representing his
own country but as representing all
nations.
Avoiding Conflict Of Arms.
"These long painful but successful
associations" continued the war sec
retary, during which so many irrt-
t,tinr questions arose. which resulted
~ he end of such a great achieve
mont fully attest the fixed purpose OF
10Th nations to use every effort to-
void conflict of arms. The next in
sn,nortonce were the arbitration held
n paris In 1888 in the Fur Seal case
ana .he Arbitral Tribunal. which de-
cidcd the Alaskan boundary dispute
Taking up the declarations that had
heen made that certain questions cas
nj he settled by arbitration, he said;
..Aithough II has often been said thai
Questions Of national honor cannot DC
s,,bmitted TO arbitration. experience