davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-10-01

hole and inside of post. These holes
are for the hooks, the first ones being
as near the bottom as possible, the
second IS inches above, and the third
one "a inches above the second, so on
extending the distance as the top is
approached, using ten hoops on 20
foot silo. The illustration shows 20,
made of one-half-inch round iron in
half lengths with large head on one
end and thread nut and broad washer
on the other.
A solid, level foundation is first
built, on which circle the size of the
silo is drawn. The door-posts or
frame, is then stood up at the proper
place and securely stayed. Slaves
are then placed on around the circle,
staying each one temporarily by tack.
ing old barrel slaves horizontally
across it. When one-half around the
circle, the binding-post, which has pre-
viously had as many five-cighths-inch
holes bored in it as both door-posts,
is stood up in place Of stave, then
on around until the opposite door-post
is reached. Hoops are then thrust
through the holes in the right door
post, on around to the binding post,
through it and turned up tightly.
The left. side is treated the same
until all the hoops are in place. AS
finishing touch, the inside of silo is
banked up with cement, making the
bottom somewhat kettle-shaped and
insuring an absolutely tight joint be-
tween the cement and the ends Of the
slaves. The door-posts have grooves.
two by two inches, rabbetted out of
the inside corners, into which the
ends of the boards used for doors fit.
These doors may be made of any
straight-edge boards of even thick
ness, laid double with paper between
them, the edges breaking joints. This
silo can be we'll built without skilled
labor, and for about one dollar per ton
capacity. This plan has been fol-
lowed by all who have seen them in
use, and in various states, and always
gives satisfaction.
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-10-01
A Muich,no Tool.

so that a wide strip may be treated
every time the field is crossed. One
man, or often one boy can handle six
or eight horses as we'll as two and
thus greatly cheaper the cost Of each
operation. Every machine should be
SO equipped that the driver can ride
at all times ii he so chooses and The
seat should be so located that he viii
feel. the least Inconvenience from
the effects OF the dust or rough
ground. New settlers in dry farm
ing sections frequently feel unable
TO purchase the complete Suth, OF
machinery required, However. no sx.
cuse is sufficient for doing without
implements that ean possibly add 10
the efficiency OF the work, cheaper
the cost of production or render the
operations more speedy. An illustra,
ton OF good mulching tool is given
above
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-10-01
Parasites on Poultry.

Several varieties of parasites live
on the body as we'll as on the heads
of poultry. The latter, however, is
limited to the one species known as
red mite which breeds rapidly and if
not checked soon predominates not
only on the birds but in the houses
as well. seeking shelter in the cracks
and crevices. The head louise on
young chicks can be controlled by
greasing the top of the head with
lard or sweet oil, exercising care not
to overdose the parts. The best time
to do this is after dark, when the
birds have gone to roost and are suf-
ficiently asleep to facilitate handling.
For body lice in adult fowls, distribute
insect powder literally, through the
plumage, exercising care to get well
into the under coating of the birds.
In addition it is also we'll to use
liquid lice killer or kerosene on the
roosts and even spray the inside of
the house with it.
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-10-01
LIVE STOCK RAISING.

When one has young pigs and
breeding stock to care for he must
think further than merely what food
will fatten most.
Feeding without care is useless.
Give the COW sunlight; it has it's place
in the economic production of milk
just as we'll as good food
A successful dairyman feeds his
cows this excellent balanced ration:
Glover hay and corn fodder, all the
cows will eat up clean, for roughage;
for grain, peas and oats, ground fine
and bran in equal parts by weight,
and feed one pound of grain to three
or four pounds of milk, with 16
pounds of sugar beets day.
For generations English farmers
have made extensive use of Dwarf Es-
sex rape as a stock food. This plant
may be described as rutabaga run
to head. The seed is sown like ruta-
baga turnips and cultivated without
thinning. Sow two or three pounds
in drills, or four or five broadcast, and
plant in early spring. The seed is not
expensive and the crop is easy to
raise.
Experiments prove that heifer Is
easier to fatten than a steer.
If you haven't a hog pasture it will
pay to fence off corner Of the clover
meadow for them. The hogs will get
more value for you out of the clover
than it would be worth in the form Of
hay, and save the harvesting Of it.
If whole oats are scattered very
thinly on floor and the brood SOW is
allowed to feed on them she will get
enough to keep thrifty while not get
ting enough to grow fat This also
keeps her busy and contented. 4,
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-10-01
DRY FARM QUESTION
One Of the Biggest Confronting
the Present Generation.
Gov. Norris Of Montana, Says Arid
Land Agriculture Means Larger
Development of West and
Prosperity to Millions.

DRY farming is big question-one
of the biggest the present generation
will be called upon to consider. 1t
means an increased prosperity to arid
regions, rural homes for those in con
gested centers, occupation for the I'M
employed, food for the hungry 1t
means wealth and happiness for
thousands now living and millions yet
unborn"
This significant statement was
made by Gov Edwin l.. Norris Of
Montana, president of the Dry Farm
fore the National Irrigation congress
at Spokane. In the course of his ad
dress. Gov. Norris said
~ am not unmindful of the fact that
to those not familiar with conditions
in the semi-arid west, it may appear
N:at dry farming is entirely foreign
to the subjects under consideration
here. Such, however, is not the fact.
Dry farming is becoming one of the
most important and far reaching ques-
toAo tlc WtSl VIII ne Cdlleu upon 10
consider. Familiarity with conditions
brings the conviction that irrigation
and dry farming will be twin factors
in promoting development in all sec
tons where the natural rain fall is
not sufficient to produce crops.
1T is a well known fact that the
population is rapidly increasing and
that both the home and foreign de.
mands become larger each year. The
time when the question of feeding
the multitude will be of serious mo-
ment does not seem far away. At no
distant date, the demand will be
greater than the production which can
come from the irrigated lands of the
regions and the naturally
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-10-01
DRY FARMING Is WIDESPREAD
Now an International Institution and
Report of Last Meeting
Widely Circulated.

The dry farming congress is nov
an international Institution At its
late session, representatives were
present from the United States, Can.
ada. Europe, Australia and South
America, says Orange Judd Farmer.
The report of this meeting is of es-
pecial value. Portions of it have re-
Gently been printed in the Russian
language and distributed among the
Russian farmers. The representa-.
tive from Brazil is preparing to trans
late the report into Portuguese for
distribution in the parts of South
America where the Portuguese Ian
suage is spoken. A French edition
will soon be printed for the dry farm
ers Of Hayi. Other European coun-
tries are planning to distribute this
important literature very extensively.
At the next session of this congress
in Billings, Mont, the coming October,
the foreign representation will be
much more complete than ever be-
fore. In SO many places the general
principles of dry farming are of such
large value, that it pays representa-
tives from other countries to be on
hand. Two great principles of dry
farming are: Thorough compacting
OF the seed bed, leaving the upper sur
face loose to act as soil mulch; and
complete preparation of the soil for
the reception of the seed. This is
good practice anywhere, SO that even
the man who lives outside of the
semi-arid belt will receive much val
liable information by getting in touch
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-10-01
Cattle on Poison Weeds.

One thing that always causes the
Rocky mountain ranchman consider
able anxiety is the effect upon his
cattle of poison weeds which have
been setting up the usual amount of
damage this season. Old and exper-
fenced cattlemen say that if the at
fected animals are left severely alone
they will as general thing come out
all right: but IL they are hustled
around they will surely bloat and die.
The wise cattlemans who sees an ami.
NAL laboring under the effect Of loco.
will hike out of sight as quickly as
possible for fear of disturbing the
sick beast. 1.-THE animal can be left
to, its own devices it may throw on,
the effects of the weed, but at the
same time we have always noticed a
good many dead ones because they did
not receive medical attention in time.
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-10-01

The state of Oregon has a unique
game law. The last legislature passed
an act making it misdemeanor for a
hunter to kill deer that was being
chased by dogs, but at the same time
put In a proviso that prevents The
ranchers from killing the dogs that
chase the deer. 1t is claimed that
hounds protect the deer by chasing
them. This is the way it is explained
in Oregon. Hounds will rarely run
deer down and kill it themselves, and
unless some hunter shoots it, the deer
will escape. But while the hounds are
loose they will clear the woods of the
animals that prey upon the deer. In
the spring wildcat will kill nine or
ten fawns to feed its kittens, and the
number of wildcats is so great that
they destroy more deer than hunt
ers do.
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-10-01

From Alaska comes another news
item indicating the enormous possibili.
ties of that once greatly derided coun.
try. A ditch has been completed in
the Klondike region which is expected
to supply water for the largest by
draulic gold-mining operations in the
world. 1t is believed at Dawson that,
within the next decade, the companies
included'in this enterprise will extract
from $t,OOo,0oo,oo0 to $4,000, 600 900
from the gravel of the region through
the new facilities thus afforded. Yet
few years ago the Klondike was un-
known and the whole of Alaska was
regarded as OF little or no account.
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-10-01

strike the animals directly in the
eyes. Light is best admitted from
above and behind the animal. An ex-
cellent method Of admitting light is,
by means of the Sherringham window,
shown in the accompanying illustra-
ton. The window is hinged at the,
bottom and opens inward at the top,
and serves for ventilation as we'll as
light. Abundance of light for stables
is important hygienically, as. direct
sunlight destroys many germs, is a
good drying agent, and adds a cheer
fulness that is greatly to be desired.
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-10-01
A HUMANE WORK.

During the meeting OF the medical
association at Atlantic City, sugges-
ton was made that the women physi-
clans of New York and other towns
OF the north should cooperate in the
work of teaching the poor to avoid dis
ease, says the Florida Times Union
Thus and individual work has be-
come one of strength and union. The
physicians of the female persuasion
have already begun at their humane
task, and the poor infected children
of the crowded quarters will be saved
by 1T. The great philanthropy of this
movement can scarce be weighed UNI
I'll one realizes the want, the igno-
rance and the disease that reign over
the tenement districts Of New York.
The women especially will be taught
to take hygienic care of their little
ones as well as of themselves What
is the use of supplying pasteurized
milk to the infants If the mothers
don't know how to feed it to them in
clearly. sanitary manner. Besides.
pasteurized milk does not disinfect
a room where baby lives, neither does
1t make him immune from the dis
eases which attack his elders with
whom he Is in too close contact
Teaching the poor, ignorant mothers
is saving the race, and no other class
of women can be better teachers of
the miserable masses than the woman
who holds medical diploma.
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-10-01
SHEEP THE MOST PROFITABLE
Farmers Must Not Let Bad Season
Discourage Them in Rails
ing Wool.

Last season the depression in wool
discouraged many farmers. Some of
them were ready to abandon the sheep
industry altogether and even those
who didn't lose faith in the business
were not anxious for further invest
ments. For a few months there was
no demand and stock sheep went
begging for buyers. Before winter
set in values were advanced, and by
the time of the late winter and early
spring sales the sheep had again come
into his own and as high as eight
dollars per head for breeding ewes
was not at all uncommon.
"A good deal of wool was contracted
in the winter at Is cents and more
sold off the early shorn. fat lambs at
the same price,. Now buyers are fair
,ly tumbling over each, other to secure
wool before it is OFF the sleeps
backs and the price has gone to 80
cents.
Periods of depression in the sheep
industry ,are invariably followed by
times of activity and high prices and
now everybody wants sheep. Sheep
are the only stock that gives two
sources of profit, and during the hard
times of the early '90s, when un-
washed wool sold as low as ten cents
per pound, good sheepmen managed
to get a living profit from their
fiocks by turning their, attention most
~ to making mutton.
It is unwise for any man to attempt
to handle any kind Of stock that he
doesn't like. The man who has no
love for sheep had better not try to
be a shepherd. but a half century Of
observation has failed to show me. a
man who has handled sheep faithfully
and intelligently who hasn't pros
pered ...5 :. s5sisi &
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-10-01
Casting Cares upon the Lord.

The Christian is. told to cast all hIs
cares upon God. 1t is inevitable that.
the Christian will have his cares, for
OF one sort or another it is a concom.
liant OF all active and useful living.
There are some cares that are need
lessly incurred, while there are 9th.
sers that cannot be escaped. But IN
any case the only wise way to do Is
% cast that unacceptable care upon the,
.Lord: he is stronger than we. are
ahd re invites us to ask him to bear
.he ioad Which would crush our un.
supported strength. It Is all that q
man can do to live well with / the
Lord to help him it Is. utterly bevond.
his power to live as lie should ia,
lived without divine assistance. Cares
.t e oneself are linprofit iea.carles ca,t
upon the Lord become like golden
.Sen.set crowns. 49, 81 ],
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-10-01

The Wrights, with their cautious ex.
periments above the parade ground at
Fort Myer. do not make the impress
sion upon the imagination which has
been effected by NJ. Bleriot's voyage
across the English channel. says the
Evening Wisconsin. The monoplane
upon which he accomplished the feat
is destined to hold high place in
popular esteem as practical machine
for aerial navigation. The English
are showing gallant disposition in
the hearty tribute of recognition
which they are paying to the intrepid
Frenchman.
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-10-01

a few years ago the activity OF agri.
culturists in different parts of the
country was directed to grating toma.
to vines upon potato vines. with the
view Of raising q two-story crop-to.
matoes above ground and potatoes be-
low. The experiment does not seem
to have been satisfactory. Now an
Ohio man Is undertaking to grow pota.
toes without any tops at all. His
patch Is said to promise well, the
bulbs having attained the size Of a
hens egg without showing the sign Of
a sprout, e.
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-10-01
TOOLS USED IN DRY FARMING
Successful Operations Depend Greatly
on Right Kind Of Farm Ma.
chinery and Tools.

The success of dry farming opera,
lions may often hinge upon the ems
ployment of the right kind of farm
machinery. Every farmer who ex-
poets to be successful should use the
following machinery or others that
will prove equally effective: Stirring
plow, sub-soil pillow, sub-surface pack
er, roller, hoe drill, or seeder, disc,
surface cultivator, acme harrow,
toothed harrow, weeder, harvester,
and thresher. All of this machinery
should be of large draft requiring IN
most cases from four to eight horses
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-10-01
OUTFIT FOR HOG BUTcHERING
Tripod Made Of Planks as Shown in
Illustration Makes an Excellent
. Continuance.

Make a tripod of three 2x4 or 2x6
planks, the longer. the better, and
fasten them together with a bolt as
shown in the accompanying illustra-
ton, writes Robert j. CASTOR in
Prairie Farmer. Around the tops Of
the planks fasten chain and into this
hook the block and tackle.
Make notches in the stick and then
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-10-01
That Paris doctor who is adyocatin

That Paris doctor who is advocating
The removal Of the large intestine
from every child before the age Of
three years, On the ground that this
organ is = breeding place for most Of
the harmful germs that flesh is heir to,
has struck 9 great scientific principle,
says the Philade lphia Telegraph. Fol.
lowing ~ out. We would have amputa-
ton Of the feet as q cure for corns. OF
the nose for snoring. Of the stomach for
seasickness, and Of the head for head
sches Simple, Isn't IT?
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-10-01
REASON AS r.
A WITNESS H
By REV. A. c. DIXON, D. D.,
Pastor Of the Chicago Ave. (Moody's)
Church, Chicago.

Reason is a wit.
ness easily infu.
enced. Prejudice
is often it's mas.
ter. The Phari.
sees had per,
judged Christ and
made up their
minds that he
was only a man,
and when they
heard him say,
Thy sins be for
given thee" they
began to reason,
saying, Who is this
that S pc a k e t b
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-10-01

watered lands in the rain belt If this
demand is supplied, then the produc-
ton to supply it must come from the
dry farmed lands.
Other crops of value can be pro.
duced as successfully and profitably
as wheat, under like conditions. Dry
farming is therefore no unimportant
question. 1t is big question-one Of
the biggest the present generation
will be called upon to consider. 1t
means an increased prosperity to arid
regions, rural homes for those in con-
gested centers, occupation for the I'M
employed, food for the hungry. It
means wealth and happiness for thou
sands now living and millions yet un.
born.
THE amount of land which may be
irrigated is, however, limited by the
water supply and the cost of reclama-
ton. When every available second
foot of water has been appropriated
and applied to land that will Justify
the cost of reclamation, and performs
thereon the highest possible duty.
there will remain millions of acres of
land which, under like conditions,
would be as productive as the lands
reclaimed. Such lands have hereto
fore been. and are now, chiefly used
for the grazing of livestock. This is
not unimportant, but the function thus
performed is not a 1.-THE of that which
may be performed under different
conditions.
THE limit of production will be
reached at no distant date il cultiya-
ton is confined to lands watered by fr-
rigation or natural rain fall. The
thinking mind Of man, spurred on no
doubt by anticipated necessity, has
discovered a means whereby these
grazing lands may be made to pro-
duce in greater quantities than under
natural conditions. 1t has been dem.
onstrated that the soil, when properly
prepared and cultivated will absorb
and hold moisture. The preparation
and cultivation OF the soil so that lit
will gather and retain sufficient rain
fall to produce crops, is dry farming,
OF more properly designated, scien-
tific farming. In other words, the
soil Is converted into storage reser.
voir for the moisture which. supports
plant life during the season when
precipitation is not suficient.
Dry farming is not q theory: II lis
an accomplished fact. There Ii q vast
area Of arabic land which, cannot be
reclaimed, and situated where the
rein fall Is not suhicient to make pro-
'ductive. Constder for moment what
the cultivation OF this land win mean
to future production.
From experiments conducted, act
sual cultivation carried ON and observa.
tons made Ia many sections OF the
state. It is confidently believed that
this area Of 10000, 900 acres can be
successfully dry farmeds II one.half
Fof that acreage were cultivated each
year to wheat and produced 20 bushels
an acre, an aggregate OF 200, 0OO. 900
bushels would be the result. An es-
innate Of 20 bushels AN acre seems
conservative when note is taken Of
the fact than An average OF so bushels
an acre has been obtained from the
lands heretofore dry farmed.
Montana possesses less than one.
tenth Of the lands situated IN the
ssrni.arid west, which can Be. culti.
vatsd successfully ~ dry farming
methods The nine-tenths of the area
Situated 81 other states VIII: 81 thi,
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-10-01
WINDoM LIGHT IN STABLE.
Sunlight Is Of Much Importance as II
Destroys Germs and Adds to
cheerfulness.

Mumford and Mayo, discussing the
lighting and ventilating Of stables in
the Cyclopedia of American Agricul-
ture, lately issued by the Macmillan
Company Of New York. make the fol.
lowing SUGGESTIONS:
Stables should be we'll lighted and
so arranged that the light will not
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-10-01
Food for caIvesII:

One feed cold and the next hot will
cause indigestion and then scours.
Sweet skim milk and q little flax.i
seed jelly will induce rapid and
healthy growth in. the cali. A little,
meal In the feed box viii bring the
cows promptly TO tie gate at milking
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-10-01
A Suspicious Silence.

Howard was only 20 months older
than the baby. He had somehow
come to realize that Elwood, who
was creeping, was more likely to be
in mischief when quiet. One day he
called to his mother with a great deal
of anxiety in his little voice: mann
ma, | hear Elwood keeping still."-
The Delineator.
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-10-01

With smooth iron and Defiance
Starch. you can launder your shirt
waist just as well at home as the
steam laundry can; 1t will have the
proper stiffness and finish, there will
be less wear and tear Of the goods,
and 1t will be positive pleasure to
use Starch that does not stick to the
iron.
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-10-01

Many well.developed woman has
her modiste to thank for It,