davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The oasis., 1909-12-25
The CopaIa Mines.

Not far from Mazatlan (about fifty miles distant, and forty miles from La Union a station on the Southern Paci6c) is Copala, a camp with very handsome record of production going back a couple of hundred years as producer of silver. The lodges are large and the ores of low grade. Owing to the water the natives have never been able to work them at depths any greater than from 100 to 150 feet.
 Some years ago the attention of Mir. Charles Butters, the noted mining man and cyanide expert, was called to Copala, and upon in vestigation he determined that the camp offered a rich field for ex- ploitation and development; so he set about acquisition of the prop critics in the district, securing some 26,000 acres of mineral ground, embracing everything worth hav- ing in the camp, which he organ ized in the name of the Butters Copala Company. There was a small mill through which he ran several hundred thousand tons with good and satisfactory results. Then he set about construction of a first class 40-stamp mill, with the most modern appliances, which he has completed recently, and has just finished the trial test, which has been very satisfactory. There have been installed also hoists and heavy pumping mach inery.
 Owing to the scarcity of labor in the region it has been impossible to get the force to bring along to. gether all the various operations oI development and construction, and the former has been neglected Work has commenced now upon several shafts which will be sunk to depths several hundred feet be. low the lowest level' of the old
The oasis., 1909-12-25
The New Arizons -Anaeonds Camp.
Tuesday MT. 0. Omstead of No

Tuesday MT. O. Omstead iof No gales, went to Patagonia, thence out into the Santa Rita mountains to make ready to carry out the contract the firm of Omstead & Omstead has undertaken to erect the temporary buildings at the new camp the Arizona-Anaconda Company is starting upon its prop erty in the Wrightson district some distance north from the Mansfield camp. The buildings to be erected include a bunk house, 16x52 feet in dimensions; a dining room, 16x48; an office building 16x24; two hoists, with gallows frames, etc., and a tool house 16x24 feet. The com pany is going to work in earnest, and is preparing for a goodly camp. The properties upon which the work is to be done are con. sidered by experts be very promis- inc
The oasis., 1909-12-25
PosADAS OF MEXICO.
A Beautiful Christmas Custom Dying Out. t-f..s -z F-
Chihuahua Enterprise. ]


 iornadas in some parts, and last ing for nine nights, is dying out in this country. It is typically Mex ican and formerly the posadas were the rule in every well regulated home.
 The posadas begin on the 18th and portray the legend that Joseph and Mary traveled from Nazareth to Bethlehem in nine days and each night they had to beg their nights lodging or posada. It is the beg ging for this lodging that gives the novena or days before Christ mas their peculiar religious sig nifcance. The journey of these two subjects of the Roman empire to the town of their legal residence, Bethlehem, for the taking of the census is thus nightly commemor- ated and terminating onChristmas eve with ceremony and pomp.
 Several families usually arranging posadas together in turn entertain during the novena. The party as- sembles a little after 8 p. m., each member being provided with a candle. A procession is formed headed by two persons carrying little statuettes of Joseph on foot and Mary mounted on an ass which Joseph leads. Above the figures movers that of another, an angel. Mary is gaudily dressed in blue satin or rich robes.
 The procession, which the chosen people who carry the figures of Joseph and Mary head, marches down the corridor of the house with choir of ladies or girls sing ing the Virgins litany or Loreto. This finished a portion of the. party enters the parlor and acts as owner in the dialogue with the pilgrims outside. The knock at the door and the appeal for nights lodg- ing is met with a gruff reply and order to begone. But the pilgrims persist, in fascinating old chant, and finally the householders relent and the pair enter. They are given quarters in corner of the room and before them a quaint service is held in which all present kneel be- fore the figures which rest on an improvised altar amid candles and tinsel and toys and sing more bits of the quaint chant, with prayers by a priest, if one is present.
 The religious part of the cere. mony ends with this and its close is the signal for the youngsters fol sweets which, with toys, are passed
 Then comes the Pihata which i' hung up and each member of the party, large and small, is given g charge with three blows with g stick to break the earthen jal (pifata) containing the presents The person is first blindfolded turned around three times anC then given the three blows men toned. Here is when the fur comes in and when the pifiata is a last broken by some one, then en sues the scramble of big, little, olC and young for the presents.
 The pihata corresponds to tn, Christmas tree of other nation and prevails among all classes al though the religious part of th'
The oasis., 1909-12-25
CUAYMAS CLEANlNCS.

Upon good authority it is stated that Bley Brothers of Hermosillo will open shortly in Guaymas an extensive hardware store.
 Last week there were at Guay- mas MT. and Mrs. J. E. Page, with their daughter Miss Dorothy, who came up from Mazatlan for short visit.
 Mir. and Mrs. Z. o. Stocker from Ontagota, in the Yaqui delta, ar rived at Guaymas from that place Sunday, and visited at the Sonora metropolis several days.
 Doctor Addis, who has been chief assistant surgeon in the Southern Pacific hospital service at Guay- mas, has resigned that post and gone to Tehuantepec.
 Messrs. Charles Rankin of Her mosillo, and Al Rosenstock of La Colorado, were visitors at Guaymas early in the present week and the latter part of last week.
 MT. John A. McPherson, proprie- tor of the Guaymas Bottling Works, has presented THE OASIS with a very elegant and artistic calendar for the year 1910.
 A delightful winter climate, charming scenery, fine boating, good fishing and hunting, and fine hotel at which to put up-the Albin-beside the waters of Guay- mas bay. Mir. A. Flaquer of MazatIan, manager of the Banco Occidental of Mexico, was at Guavmas last week, the guest of Mir. H. Bonzi, the manager of the local branch of the same institution.
 There is to be established in Guaymas shortly a new shoe store, conducted on the American plan. which will be run by Mir. Miguel Denegri, and will carry an exten- sive stock of fine American shoes.
 La Francesa, the new store opened in Guaymas by Mir. B.. Schwob, formerly of Nogales, is one of the most attractive and elegant dry goods establishments in Sonora. It is in a new building opposite the Hotel Armada, and the stock and fixtures throughout are new, complete and elegant.
 Mir. w. J. Phillips, who travelled at one time for the Brunswick Drug Company of Los Angeles, and was in business at Cananea more re- gently, is arranging to open at Guaymas a first class drug store with the finest appointments and fittings obtainable, including a soda water fountain that cost $500 gold in the United States, and an extensive and varied stock of goods.
 At Guaymas the office of the commercial agency of the R. G. Dun x Company, is conducting with care and precision the work of covering the field including Sonora, Sinaloa and Bajo Cali fornia in the collection, collation. and dissemination of valuable and necessary information about the commercial interests of the various communities. Mir. R. E. Ranawand is the manager. The gentleman has been connected with the Dun , commercial agency many years,
 ",
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-06-05
CROPS FOR TREES

Professor Hedrick gives an account
of some experiments made in Michigan
with various cover crops, along with
growing trees. His experiments We're
made in large pots, with peach trees
in them. In some pots he grew rye,
potatoes and other crops that take no
nitrogen from the air, and the trees
associated with these crops stopped
growing and ripened their wood, and
the roots did not seem to like the
company they were in. In other pots
he sowed crimson clover, peas and
beans. In these pots the trees kept on
growing thriftily and did not ripen
their wood early, and the roots of the
trees and clover were so tangled to-
gether that they could hardly '-e sepa-
rated. Evidently the trees had bene-
flied by the nitrates formed as well
as the clover. It is suggested that this
may be disadvantage in cold eli
mate, by keeping the wood green too
late. But it evidently showed that the
combined nitrogen was in the soil and
not altogether in roots of the legumes
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-06-05
PARAGRAPHS OF WISDOM

No one ever heard of the time when
the best fruit would not sell at a fair
price somewhere within a days drive
of the grower.
The primary object of cultivating
crops is to keep the soil in good condi-
ton, but if it were not for the weeds
a lot of farmers would neglect this i'm
portant work. Sometimes our bless
ings come in disguise.
The sunrise farmer will scarcely
know hard times if they come, say, ten
years hence; but the never get busy
till-afternoon chap will be calamity
bowling about every day.
Keeping a cow because she is pretty
may be all right as far as it goes, but
It is not good business.
Farmers are the only producers who
allow the buyer to fix the price of their
property. But they are rapidly chang
Ing this state of affairs by organiza-
lion.
An old mower run up and down the
lides of the public road around the farm
Will get away with the weeds. Not
your business? Perhaps not, strictly;
sut the satisfaction of a clean highway
will be yours.
A dentist said recently that If teeth
we're cared for just as they ought to be
lie and every other dentist would have
to go out of business. That is wortl
thinking about.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-06-05

ment in an Iowa packing house, and
which has been continued since
namely, of tagging all the hogs bought
direct from the farmers.
Recently the state veterinarian or
dered the cattle to be tested on hfteen
of the farms from which tuberculous
hogs came, and in every instance tu-
berculin reacting tuberculous cattle
were found.
Again the tuberculin and the tuber-
culous hogs paralleled in testing the
cattle
We are short sighted, indeed, If we
do not realize that the simpllf1catlon
of this perplexing problem, in the west
at least, is to require that all animals
entering the channels of trade FOR
limited time be tagged with tags that
Twill remain until the animals have
been inspected.
These are the farms that need i'm
mediate attention; the vast majority
of the Others do not. 1t is the quick
est way to bring many unsuspectine
farmers face to face with the fact tina,
they need to do something.
| For tuberculous cattle mean tuber'
culous calves, tuberculous hogs, tuber
culous chickens, and last, but not least
tuberculous babies and tuberculou
people. No..
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-06-05
THE AUTOMATIC FEEDERS

An automatic poultry feeder to hold
charcoal, grit or anything which 1t is
desired to keep before the fowls all
the time may be made from a cigar
box and quart milk bottle or other
bottle having an equally large mouth.
The box, which should be shallow,
has single cross piece reaching dag
onally from one corner to another,
with an opening to fit the mouth of
the bottle cut in the middle, about
half the depth of the cross piece.
Stand the bottle over this and fasten
the bottle upright by strong rubber
band passed around it and an upright
strip of wood, which is nailed to the
to hang the feeder just high enough sc
the fowls can reach to feed from it
but cannot scratch dirt into it.
The box being shallow, the space be-
meath the bottom is proportionately
SMALL so that as fast as the food /.
picked out by the fowls more falls
down to take it's place, consequently
| it is only necessary to see that thu
bottle is kept full
| These devices for keeping feed o
other material always before fowls ar
perhaps all right if they are not neg
lected and allowed to become clogge
or foul with dirt or droppings. AL
ways replenisb the supply every day o
two, as in this way one can be sur
that the boxes are clean-and cleanli
ness is the most important thing i
poultry work.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-06-05
GARDEN WORKING NOTES

The woman who finds garden work
too exhaustive may transform 1t into
healthful exercise by giving it her
time in the early morning or twilight
hours.
A small box of convenient height
makes a comfortable seat and may be
readily moved from place to place. 1t
saves tired knees
The 5-cent cotton gloves used by
many make cheap and effective pro-
lection for the hands, more comfortable
and more quickly adjusted than those
which fit.
The hoe is better tool In dry
weather than the hose Cabbage, on
I ions. tomatoes and cucumbers can
scarcely have the soil too rich. A rich,
light loan, with a sunny slope, is an
ideal SPOT for melons. Beans Will grow
IN poorer soil and still thrive.
If the plants are all growing nicely
do not wait for them to halt for lack
Of food, but dig hole between the
hills and put in some poultry-house
| fertilizer.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-06-05
GOOD FEED FOR YOUNG DUCKS

Until the ducks are five days old
feed them every three hours OF the
following mixture: Ten parts by
measure of cracker or bread crumbs,
ten parts cornmeal, three parts hard
boiled eggs and one part sand. From
then until they are twenty days old
they are fed at and 10 a. m. and 2
and 6 D. m. of the following: Five
pounds each wheat bran and buck
wheat bran, twelve pounds cornmeal,
two pounds rolled oats, four pounds
meatmeal, three pounds oyster shells.
From the time they are twenty days
old until six weeks old they are fed four
times a day of mixture composed OF
two pounds wheat bran, six pounds
buckwheat bran, eighteen pounds
cornmeal, four pounds boiled beef and
bone and three pounds oyster shells
After this ley are fed three times g
day and the cornmeal is increased, the
ration being made of twenty three
pounds cornmeal, five pounds whea
bran, four pounds boiled meat ant
bone, or meatmeal, and two pound
grit AS the ducks have the run of
grass plot no green fool is give
them.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-06-05

sprayed from above, while the apple.
We're still erect, as shown in the Illus.
tration. But for few days after thu
petals fall these stamen bars" are sc
tightly pressed together as to make II
very difficult for the liquid to penetrate
to the lower cavity. BY waiting &
week or ten days, even though the
calyx lobes are closing at that time,
these bars have shrunk enabling
careful workman to place a big dose
OF poison in the lower chamber, where
| it Is needed. The nozzle should be
held above the apples and made te
give, not mist but a forcible and sub.
stantial spray, directly down upon tn,
fruit. Later than this, however, spray.
ing with these principles in view woult
be of little avail because the calyl
lobes are almost completely closed
Balls work shows that enough poison
is retained from two early spraying.
to kill an average of 90 per cent of thu
worms of the first brood and "a pei
cent of the second brood. To accom-
plish good results the spray must b.
a forceful one used abundantly ami
! from above the fruit.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-06-05
DOOR FOR THE CHICKEN RUN

The small door opening on the
chicken run, and for the use of the
fowls only, may be arranged to open
and close from the front without the
necessity of going inside the house.
To make this possible the door
should be put in so as to slide easily
up and down. Through the top Of
the door fasten a strong wire, termi-
mating with weight, the wire run
ming straight UP and over small iron
pulley which is fastened in the ceiling
directly over the door. The wire Is
then carried across the ceiling and
down POSSIBLY over another pulley,
depending on the height of the CELL
ing), coming out through a hole bored
in the front of the building near the
large door Cor wherever is most con-
venient) and where the end is finished
with a wooden button.
| To open the door pull the wire out
then down to the full length of the
wire, and slip it under9a couple OF
nails farther down on the outside OF
the building. To close it remove the
button from it's lower fastening ant
allow it to slide back to the place O.
exit, and the weight fastened over tn,
little door will carry it down to posi-
tion.-M. e. S. Hymers.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-06-05
TO SAVE THE FRUIT CRoE
Spraying at the Proper Time II
the Right Way Productive
of Good Results.

Professor Ball of Utah and othei
workers on the Pacific coast have revo.
lutionized spraying for the codlini
moth where this insect alone is to b,
combated. They find by one or al
most two sprayings. judiciously timed
and properly applied, almost the entire
fruit crop can be saved.
Balls method is based primarily on
two important facts. He claims that
wherever upon the apple the eggs OF
the first brood are laid great ma
jority of the young worms coming
therefrom crawl to the calyx and enter
there; secondly, that Immediately after
the petals fall there are two cavitiei
at the calyx end, the stamen bars
roofing the lower of the two cavities.
The young larva enters the apple by
eating through the floor of the lower
cavity. Balls idea was to get the poi
son lodged in sufficient quantity ii
the lower cavity, where it would d.
some good. To accomplish this h,
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-06-05
SUMMER CARE OF HORSES

A great many horses are laid up
every summer with sore shoulders.
This can be remedied in a very large
measure with sense and care.
A good horse collar is the main part
of the harness and it should be of the
very best kind and fit the animals
neck perfectly.
The collar should be kept clean at
all times and the horses shoulders
well washed and brushed daily.
Much dust and dirt arise In the fields
and on the roads during the warm sea-
son, and this is caught and held on
the moist and sweaty shoulders and
collar there to form hard Jumps and
ridges.
Every time the collar is put on the
horse it should be examined for those
Jumps and ridges. If any are found
they should be carefully brushed and
rubbed away.
After each days work, especially ir
warm weather, battle and clean tbs
shoulders with mixture of warn
water, salt and soda.
Hot water is one Of the best-knowl
natural agents for relieving soreness
due to sprains, bruises and excessive
pressure of the animal body Salt AM
soda are healing and disinfecttnl
agents.
A little alum and fannie acid, tn
Juice from the bark or leaves of oal
or willow trees, will heal and tougher
the skin and should be applied will
| warn, water.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-06-05
IN THE POULTRY YARD
npure water is a fruitful cause of

Impure water is fruitful cause of
disease.
If well fed and cared for Pekin
duck will nearly reach it's matured
weight at 10 weeks of age.
BY all means provide shade in the
nc lltry yard. Excessive heat hurts the
egg crop as much as excessive cold
does.
If the skim milk fed to hens be well
heated, but not boiled, it will prevent
loose bowels.
Fowls cannot be crammed too long
for fattening without becoming lumpy
feyerish and tasteless.
Better poultry and more profit may
mean smaller focks. Most farm flocks
are too large.
Proper housing does not mean ex-
pensive things. 1t does mean con-
venience, light, cleanliness, ventilation
and sanitation.
Put new straw in the hens nests
every week during warm weather ano
occasionally pour a little coal oil
around the cracks to keen lice out
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-06-05
WORST ENEMY OF CLOVER
The Seed Nudge, the Wors'
Seed Pirate Farmers Have
to Contend With.
BY PROFESSOR T. W. FOLSOM,
Illinois College of Agriculture.

The worst of the seed pests Is the
seed nudge. This fly is so small that
you may not have seen it, but you can
find many of them in the clover fields
when they are most abundant, ana
that is ordinarily about May "a.
In other words, they are most album
dant when young green clover heaos
are most numerous They are aoun-
dant again late in July and early In
August.
They lay their eggs on the green
clover heads. They will not lay them
on heads that are in bloom or heads
that have ripened. The female has
long, flexible lash-like ovipositor which
she inserts among the flowers, laying
an egg at the base of a fioret.
These eggs are barely visible to the
naked eye, they are so small. They
hatch in three days, and the grub, red
| dish, pinkish or sometimes white
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-06-05
TUBERCULOSIS TEST AT AMES
Interesting Facts Brought Gu,
in the Experiments at the
Iowa Station.
BY BURTON ROGERS,
Kansas Experiment Station,

The Iowa experiment station at
Ames tested a herd of cattle for tuber-
culosis with tuberculin. Those react
ing. and thus considered tuberculous,
were placed in a separate lot, and
those not reacting, and therefore con-
sidered as free from tuberculosis, were
placed in another pen.
Then twenty-six healthy pigs were
put in each pen with the cattle.
A few months later when the hogs
were mature they were sent to mar
ket for slaughter and carefully fol-
lowed to the government inspector.
Twenty-one of the hogs that hac
associated with the tuberculin react.
ing cattle We're found to be tubercu.
lous, while none of the others were
diseased.
| Not only did the tuberculin, but 81
did the hogs test the cattle.
While federal veterinary inspecto
in 1904 the writer instituted an expert
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-06-05
SHRUBS MAKE FOR BEAUTY

II YOU have shrubs that do not seer
to be doing well 1t is a good plan Il
dig out the sod for a radius of coupli
of feet and replace with rich soil an,
well-rotted manure in proportion
about two thirds soil and one thirt
manure.
We always have heap OF we'll.
rotted manure in one corner of thu
garden or orchard, where 1t will b,
handy for use about the yard, ant
when we see plant or tree that needs
nourishment we go to this heap ant
get a part Of wheelbarrow load, fin.
ish filing with good soil and fill III
about the sick plant and keep 1t wei
stirred for few days, and the wa
that plant booms is a caution.
You should understand that plant
have ailments just as human being
do. and there Is apt to be trouble Will
the circulation and assimilative or
gans. and you should proceed accord
inely. Remember that a tonic is I
good thing for debilitated plant al
we'll as the human organism.
Sometimes we have a tree or shrul
that is too cratic in it's growth and
may need cutting back to cause 1t t.
assume a more pleasing shape. Where
your lawn is small and not suitable
for large trees there are scores o.
small yet beautiful specimens that car
| be used.
In the blue spruce there Is an ever.
green that grows slowly and will mo-
crowd the view, and yet it's gorgeous
color and symmetry of form make i
the king of ornamentals; then ther'
is the arbor vitae, beautiful tree tina
adds grace to the landscape, and 1T
vivid green is charming.-J. Q. Shro