davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Princeton union. [volume] (Princeton, Minn.) 1876-1976, 1909-05-27
g g g

Commercial conditions furnished
the controlling reason for the sale of
the Pioneer Press and it's purchase by
the owners of the Dispatch. The
competition as carried on between the
two papers caused an economic waste
that was of benefit to nobody. The
burden of it was not confined to the
newspapers. There is no public de-
mand or necessity in st. Paul for
three evening papers, and the multi
plication of advertising mediums for
the same constituency imposes an un-
necessary expense on the business
world.-St. Paul Dispatch.
There is much force in the above.
Business men everywhere are be-
ginning to realize that it is waste
of money to attempt to reach the
same constituency through several ad-
vertising mediums. Hence the ten
dency towards consolidation of news
papers all over the country. The
evening Pioneer Press was a bright,
newsy newspaper, but there was no
room for it in St. Paul-the evening
newspaper field was already fully oc-
cuDied,
The Princeton union. [volume] (Princeton, Minn.) 1876-1976, 1909-05-27
NEWSPAPERDOM


The Akeley Herald Tribune's week.
" appearance already demonstrates
the fact that in union there is strength.
The combination makes a strong
paper for Hubbard county.-Walker
Pilot.
A. M. Welles has leased the Sank
Centre Herald to E. b. Pierce of
Grafton, N. D., for one year com
mencing June l. Mr.. Welles is a
bright newspaper man and we hope he
has not severed his connection with
the Herald permanently.
9 @ @
A vast Improvement is noticeable
in the makeup and typographical ap-
pearance of the Onamia Lake Breeze.
Mr.. Mackenzie will make the Breeze
a newspaper of which the lake people
will feel proud of provided he is given
proper support. A good strong news
paper is an important factor in the
up-building of town. A whining,
starveling sheet is positive detri-
ment.
g @ @
Roe Chase of the Anoka Herald
has issued a neat little booklet en-
titled s'The Meditations of Country
Editor" which he has dedicated to his
friend, Earle Brown of Minneapolis.
A hasty perusal of the booklet, which
contains many good things, leads US
to believe that Roe has been crossed
in love. Listen to him: ''What
world this would be if there were no
women, gas engines and debts to vex
the soul of man." Cheer up, Roe,
there are scores of pretty girls in
Anoka. This would be dreary old
world if it contained no soul-inspiring
women.
A new paper will be started at
Staples this week by I. J. COPYRIGHT
OF the Bertha Headlight. Editor,
Draw of the Staples World is pub
fishing a very creditable paper at
Staples which appears to fill all re-
quirements, but whether there is suffici-
ent demand to warrant the establish
ment of another weekly in that town
time alone will make mention.
Staples formerly had two papers,
which resulted in the survival of the
fttest- the World. The. new paper
will be named the Staples Headlight,
and that Bro. COPYRIGHT may have
no difficulty in supplying it with oil
is the wish of the U n ion.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-05-22
LEADS IN TREE CULTURE

Massachusetts has set an example of
good sense in the preservation of her
forests which may well be followed
by her sister states in the west.
Massachusetts has been on the road
"a good while, as her timber thieves
and lumber hogs have been as niner-
Gus and persistent as those of the west.
but they have been kept from robbing
the state of her forests by good laws
administered by honest men
OF the 100000 acres in Massachu-
sets there are about 100000 In heavy
timber wood lots, parks and waste land.
Can any other state make as good a
showing? Hardly. And this great
area, much of which is beautiful for
ests, is being steadily improved by a
systematic course of preservation and
reforestation. The people are taught
by the state how to save the trees they
have and how to grow new ones in
place Of those cut down for yearly
needs or destroyed by fire or other ac-
cidentS.
Ten thousand dollars a year is spent
in giving object lessons in reforesta-
ton. The state forester, F. w. Fame.
is an enthusiast about forests. He
loves trees as he does animals and the
death of fine tree grieves him more
deeply than the death of fine horse
or cow, because a new horse or a. new
COW can be produced at full value In
four years, but new tree cannot be
grown to full value under twenty years.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-05-22
SOME ALFALFA POINTERS

Alfalfa grows best on a deep, sandy
loan, undertake by loose and per-
meable. subsoiI.
1t will not grow If there is an excess
Of water in the soil. The land must
be we'll drained. Pillow the land deeply
alfalfa Is deep feeder.
Sow alone and screen seed before
using to separate the dodder and other
weed seeds. Dodder is the worst enemy
of alfalfa.
For hay crop SOW twenty to thirty
pounds of seed per acre. For crop
Of seed sow fourteen to eighteen pounds
per acre.
Alfalfa does not attain maturity until
the third or fourth year, so do not SOW
1t expecting to get the best results in
less time. Keep the weeds moved and
raked off the first season. or they will
choke out the crop.
Cut the hay when the first flowers
appear If cut in full bloom the hay
will be woody. For seed cut when the
middle clusters Of the seed pods, are
dark brown
Whether or not alfalfa is a hardy
profitable crop in the northern states
has not yet been fully demonstrated,
but in some instances 1t has been
grown successfully even in Canada,
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-05-22
A WAY 70 CLEAN THE HORSE

A lover of fine horses tells of how
he cleaned horse last spring whose
coat was fairly gummy and quite re-
sisted the good effects of an ordinary
currycomb and brush.
One day in early spring he took the
horse out for a drive The day was
quite warm and the horse unused to
the road; hence it required no very
hard driving to get it into regular
lather of sweat
When this stage was reached he bur-
ried it to the stable, jerked off the har-
ness and rubbed the horse vigorously
he had himself made for the purpose.
Next he went over it thoroughly with
brush and comb, keeping up enough
friction to maintain the circulation at
a point that there could be no danger
from chill
After the skin had been given thor
ough cleaning the horse was blanketed,
and taken to the stable. The next
morning the gummy nuisance was en-
tirely removed and the horse was
clean, sleek and shining.
The perspiration had loosened and
cut the dirt, and it only required a
thorough cleaning to remove it effec-
tually. OF course common sense should
be used in this treatment neither over
driving nor allowing the horse to stand
without rubbing until the blanket is
put on. To those who do not admire
clipped horse the plan may prove
acceptable.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-05-22
A BOYS BIG CORN CROP

A year ago a friend in West Virginia
sent me fifteen ears of yellow corn to
plant in Indiana to see what it would
do.
The corn was a new variety, called
by some people Dogtail, and by others
Longfellow, on account of its length.
Three ears of the variety measured
forty two inches.
Early last spring cleared and plowed
a new piece of ground, which was a
black loan with clay subsoil
I then narrowed the ground, going
both ways, so as to get a good seed
bed.
About the middle of May drilled the
corn with a one horse drill about four
inches apart in the rows and the rows
about three feet apart.
When the corn got up about four
inches high I plowed it with one
horse cultivator.
After giving it three good plowings
laid it by, as far as blowing was
concerned Later in the summer /
went through and pulled the weeds,
leaving it thoroughly clean.
About the first of October gathered
it and got 1o3 bushels of ears, some
of which We're fourteen inches long
Harry Weaver.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-05-22
CAUSE OF BITTER MILK

Recent experiments on the Ontario
experiment farm show that the Yeast
like micro organism Of bitter torula is
the cause of much bitter milk and
cheese. Factories in that section have
complained of the bitterness of the
milk and as consequence the expert
ment station has conducted extensive
Investigations as to the cause. Gull
lures of the ruola We're added to mill,
and cheese that had been steriIized
and in each case a bitter taste was the
result 1t was not found in milk drawn
into sterilized Dishes but was found
regularly in mixed milk, in the solu-
tons used for can washes, ana also IN
the leaves Of trees under which the
cans were habitually kept. The RENE
dies are to cool the milk promptly and
to guard it from infection of any kind
All cans and other utensils should he
carefully washed and sterilized by heat
The Connecticut experiment station
discovered several years ago that a
species of bacteria was the cause az
bitter milk and cream. This can he
rendered harmless by sterilization.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-05-22
CARE IN FEEDING MlLcH cows

Mich cows require different feed
than beef cattle. You should not feed
much fat-forrning foods, as your COWS
would lay on fat instead of producing
milk. Feed more silage or roots in the
winter.
Daily feed for a 1O00-pound COW:
Forty pounds of silage, seven pounds
of clover hay and eight pounds of
grain.
The cows that are soon to freshen
should be fed on succulent feed, such
as silage or roots. bran, linseed meal
with a little oats. Keep the bowels
open and do not feed very heavy on
grain just before or after calving.
After calving give bran mashes and
warm the drinking water for a. few
days. Allow the calf to suck for about
two days and then feed the mothers
milk from a pail for about two weeks,
about three quarts twice a day; after
that reduce 1t with skim milk or warm
water SO that at the end of the fourth
week the calf will be getting all skim
milk or half whole milk and half warm
water with some reliable stock tonic
to aid digestion.
Keep supply of good clover or al
falfa hay within reach and also some
mixed with 1t.
After the calf eats the ground feed
gradually get him used to eating whole
oats, as this is the best feed for him
up to 6 months old
The heifers should not be bred until
50 or IL months old.-H. H. Shepard.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-05-22
CARING FOR TURKEY POULTS
Dark. Damp Quarters and Lice
Responsible for Nealy All
Deaths of Young Turkeys.
by ANNA eAL1eHER.

Turkey hens begin laying early IN
the spring, and as they usually make
their nests on the ground, it is not adj
Fisable to let them hatch the first lot OF
bggs, unless one can get them to sit In
home sheltered place.
If the hen sits in cold, damp nest
The eggs will not hatch well. This
Is often the cause of weak, sickly
poults.
While turkey hens make the best
mothers, it is a good plan to hatch the
FIRST clutch of eggs with chicken hens;
khen by the time the turkey hens have
finished the second laying the weather
Is somewhat warmer and they may be
Allowed to sit.
See that the hens have good nests
and are kept free of lice. If the hens
are allowed to sit in old nest-boxes
they will soon become regular louise
lncubators. Then when the little tur-
keys come out your trouble will begin
In earnest.
It doesn't take many lice to kill a
young turkey. A young turkey cannot
endure these life-sapping creatures as
I, long as chick can.
If the feed is all right, and still they
do not seem to thrive, the chances are
that they have vermin of some sort
Spread the wings out and examine
well on both the inside and outside.
The latter is a favorite hiding place.
and it sometimes happens that no lice
ran be found anywhere else. However,
1t is not uncommon to find the large
lice wherever there are pint feathers.
Head lice attack little turkeys almost
as soon as they are Matched.
nr,& 1T, fas 10 -
so-called e-killer," and before we
literally alive with lice. Whether it
had lost its strength or was bogus I'VE
are not prepared to say. but every time
1t was applied the little fowls became
SO sick that some of them came near
dying.
1t had a worse effect upon the tur-
keys and chickens than it did upon the
lice. Then we began to use lard, as
we used to do years ago, before louise
killers" came into general use.
Up to this time we had lost fifteen
turkeys and twice that number of
chickens, all because the "louse- killer"
failed to kill lice. No more turkeys or
chicks died, but thousands of lice did.
Great care must be exercised lest a
little too much is applied. Just little
is enough, and it must be put on where
1t will reach the lice.
Take little on the end of the finger
and apply wherever the lice are found.
Olive oil may be used instead of lard.
Lice cannot live long in either, and
both are harmless to the little fowls
unless too much is used.
The grease should not touch the bare
spot under the wings if it can be avoid
ed and the head should not be creased
unless one is certain that either lice or
nits are present.
A young turkey needs sunshine. Some
people make practice of shutting
their turkeys up in close, dark coops
for the first week or two after they
are Matched.
These are the people whose turkeys
die without any cause"
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-05-22
GROWING YOUR own FEED.
Home Grown Alfalfa and Cow
Pea Hay Found Valuable by
Tennessee Dairymen.

Too many dairy farmers are running
to the mills and feed stores for sup
plies for their dairy cows. They know
they need concentrates, but do not
study the problem of feeding to con-
clusion. Down in Tennessee they raise
a great deal of COW pea hay and think
much of it. Northern farmers might
raise more to advantage. They are
also beginning to know what alfalfa
Is down there, and they are feeding 1t
largely in many sections of the state
The Tennessee experiment station
has helped the farmers immensely by
experimenting with the different feeds
for dairy and beef cattle. The investi-
gators find that the cost of milk can
be greatly reduced by replacing part
of the concentrates in the daily ration
of the COW with some roughness rich in
protein such as alfalfa or COW pea hay.
1t is an advantage to fed a dry rough
ness. which is intended to replace a
part of the concentrates in a ration.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-05-22

lily as on lower ground. But beware OF
too sunny exposures, or else the first
warm days will coax out the buds, to
be blasted by frost.
AS peach trees develop and mature
rapidly, they are correspondingly short
lived, and the owner of good orchard
day must plant new trees for few
years hence. 1t is a constant success
sion of growth and decay
No more satisfactory field can be
chosen for investigation la Burbank,
and it is along line which is sure to
prove profitable, though no world
renowned variety may be evolved.
If peach growing is an experiment, it
is perhaps wise to restrict it mainly to
seedlings. Should it prove success in
your orchard. you will want to add
some nursery stock, which is, save in
some stray instances, of better quality.
For market purposes named fruit
only is salable, and the surplus, even
though small, will balance up on the
sugar used in home consumption. This
alone is quite an item.
In selecting nursery trees, choice
should be in a measure made accord
ing to the time of ripening. A doubtful
location a smaller proportion of the
very early and very late is preferable.
Choose freestones for the main crop
The yellow fieshed varieties are the
best sellers, and as a rule the best for
canning. Early Crawford is one of the
best early varieties. liberia stands
high in the list for the main crop.
1t is easy to put the pits of some
choice fruit into a bag and let them
freeze, thus helping the germs to
break forth, and then plant in some
suitable place, seeding bearing fruit
in very few years.
Seedlings differ from the parent, but
as a rule the, finer the peach selected
for seed the better the quality Of the
Seeding.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-05-22

with silage, because of its succulent
and palatable nature
A ton of alfalfa or COW pea hay may
be produced at cost of from $500 to
$500, whereas wheat bran costs from
$50 to $25. From two to three tons Of
COW pea hay and from three to five
tons of alfalfa can be obtained from an
acre OF land; hence there is a great adj
vantage in the utilization of these
roughnesses in the place OF wheat
BRAN
Alfalfa and COW pea hay cannot be
substituted to the best advantage for
cottonseed meal, as this foodstuff is
80 very rich in protein that larger
pulk must be consumed than the ca
paclty OF the average COW will permit.
The substitution of roughness rich
IN protein for an expensive concentrate
Will enable the dairyman to make milk
and butter at a less cost and will thus
solve one of his most serious prob
lens.
In substituting alfalfa hay for wheat
bran 1t will be best to allow one and
one half pounds of alfalfa to each
pound of wheat bran, and the results
are likely to prove more satisfactory
if the alfalfa is fed in finely chopped
condition.
These tests indicate that with alfalfa
hay at $40 a ton and wheat bran at
$50 the saving effected by substituting
alfalfa for wheat bran would be $500
for every 100 pounds of butter and 1913
cents for every 100 pounds of milk. The
farmer could thus afford to sell his
milk for 1873 cents hundred less than
he now receives and his Gutter for
about 20 cents, as compared with rs
cents pound
These experiments show why alfalfa
has been frequently used as a basis OF
manufactured foodstuffs, and indicate
that the farmer who can grow it makes
mistake in purchasing artificial stuffs
of which it forms the basis.
When alfalfa was fed under the most
favorable conditions a gallon Of milk
was obtained for 81 cents and a mound
of butter for 10A cents. When cow
pea hay was fed the lowest cost of a
gallon of milk was So cents and of 4
pound of butter 9.4 cents. In localities
where peas have grown well it can he
utilized to replace wheat bran. and in
sections where alfalfa can be grown
this crop can be substituted for cow
pea hay with satisfaction.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-05-22
HINTS FROM THE HIRED MAN

An Illinois man taught me how to
raise and cure sorghum. He puts In
two bushels of seed to the acre with a
wheat drill. This gives uniform
growth; the plant Is small and the
yield is about as heavy as from
thinner seeding.
never worked on farm until / was
is years old. l had always worked In
a beef-packing plant In a large city,
and suppose that is where I formed
a habit of hustling, which has stuck
to me ever since. When I commenced
farming used to listen for the sound
of the whistle at dinner time, but ]
soon learned that In the busy seasons
"a man cannot put in too many hours.
Some of the boys in my neighborhood
told me it was a mistake to do any
more than really had to to hold my
Job, but take notice that I am now
getting $25 per month and my board
and washing all the year round, while
the other fellows get about SIS and are
laid off during the winter.
Farm help Is becoming scarcer every
year, but l think the farmer iimselfis
largely to blame. Too many farmers
regard the hired man as beast OF
burden, and give him about the same
treatment that they do their mules.
How can a farmer expect to keep
good man If he only pays him $40 per
month, makes him sleep in a hot loft
in the house or in the haymow, expect
him to work fifteen hours a day seven
days in the week during the summer
and fires him in the fall? / notice that
the farmer who keeps his hired man
all the year round and treats him with
the consideration that is due him gen.
orally makes money and seldom kicks
about the scarcity of labor.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-05-22
A MANURE SpREADER PAYS
They Give Better Results Than
Are Possible by the Old
Fashioned Fork Method.
rY 9. M1LLER.

We have never yet heard of a farmer
who used manure spreader who went
back to the old-fashioned way of
pitching the manure out of wagon
with fork. The advantages of the
sPreader over the old way of using
FORK are SO numerous and so plain
that no argument can overcome them.
In the first place, spreading manure
from wagon is a dirty and Disagree
able Job. In the next place, 1t is ut
terly impossible to distribute the ma
nure evenly by this method.
by the use of spreader a man can
get over great deal more ground and
the manure will go very much farther
because 1t is evenly distributed.
II you will observe the meadows
where you have distributed manure by
the forkful, you will see that field,
presents spotted appearance, the
grass being rank in those places where
the manure struck the ground, but
scanty and sparse where no manure
reached it.
BY the use of "a wagon man must
| stand on the manure while distributing
IT, and the starting and stopping OF
the team takes time, and altogether
the job Is unsatisfactory.
With manure spreader all that is
necessary is to back the machine up
next to the back of the barn under
the stable window and empty the ma
nure into it daily and then when the
box Is full mount the wagon, drive out
into the field, and without touching
the manure with a fork 1t Is quickly
and easily distributed.
Spreaders are so arranged that by
| little pressure on lever the amount
OF manure can be increased on the
bare spots and shut off where not so
much is needed
There are plenty of two-horse ma
| nure spreaders but most Of them re-
quire three horses and sometimes
farmers use double team for the
purpose. A good form of spreader is
the wagon box type. 1t is simply box
| fitted with the machinery and which
will go onto your wagon trucks. They
are quickly attached and are light and
handy, because they will go anywhere
that wagon will go.
These wagons can easily be handled
with two horses. A good way to use
this spreader Is to have two supports
on the outside of the barn near the
| window upon which the box spreader
is placed. But a better way is to
fsuspend the .spreader from supports by
means of ropes and a pulley and when
the box is full run the trucks under,
let down the box and drive off.
/ These machines are somewhat
cheaper than the regular spreaders, the
/ difference being from $40 to $50.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-05-22
DRAIN THE WET SPOTS

Wet land should be drained, as it
may be the most fertile on the farm.
BY the use of drain tile there will be
no unsightly open bitches, and the
field can be cultivated as easily as any
other. If the land is not very wet
the cost of drainage will be but little.
and such land will be just as valuable
for pasture as before, with the added
advantage of being adapted to a greater
variety of grasses than formerly. II
can then also come under the regular
crop rotation. If the plot has been
too wet to use for ordinary crops it will
also be too wet for grass some wears
and when drained it will produce green
food earlier in the spring and later In
the fall.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-05-22
A LITTLE PEACH ORCHARD
Is Possible Nearly Everywhere
if the Soil Needs of the Trees
Are Closely Studied.

There are scores of communities in
which half of the residents grow their
own peaches and the other half buy or
lament the fact that they can't grow
peaches.
Peaches are in way fitful, yet the
chances are that many of those who
bewail their location might have as
many as their neighbors by exercising
little care.
The majority of the little orchards
are natural fruit. Whether it paws to
depend upon this with budded trees
now SO cheap is question worth con-
sidering; but it certainly pays much
better than to do without fruit.
1t was once thought that only sandy
soil would grow peaches. They have
succeeded nicely on stiff clay if well
enriched and cultivated A sandy or
clayey loan is preferable, and must not
be too highly fertilized, as the peach is
naturally quick growing tree.e
hillside. naturally well drained, is
a favored location for peach trees.
The frost does not strike them SO read