davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1909-09-24

Experience in England shows that
in towns supplied with soft water the
death rate is 1872. while in towns that
have a supply of hard water it is only
1875.
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1909-09-24

New thought will beautify the
plainest girl"
"That may be so, but very few girls
are going to give up lotions for mo-
tions."-Milwaukee Journal.
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1909-09-24

The thing for you to do now Is to
get busy so that you will have an in
come tax to be taxed when all the
States agree to it. That's true patriot
ism.-Indlanapolis News.
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1909-09-24

There Is such a masculine touch
about the dresses she wears"
you mean that smudgy streak of
finger marks along the line of buttons
in the back ?"-Houston Post,
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1909-09-24
Law OF Compensation.

Bobby (kicking)-Arthur' doughnut
is bigger'n mine.
Mother-But Arthur's has a much
larger hole in it that yours has, Bob
by.-St. Louis Post Dispatch.
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1909-09-24

American blooded milch cows are being
exported to Japan. The steamship Tan
60 recently carried a shipment of fifty,
mainly Jerseys. consigned to Yokohama
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1909-09-24

The telephone directories of the cur
rent issue in New York City would make
pile seven and q quarter miles high, if
placed one on the other.
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1909-09-24
Technically Incorrect

The Doctor-He's what you might
call walking lamp of knowledge.
The Professor-Not exactly; he's
roamin' candle
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1909-09-24

Mothers will find Mrs. Winslows Soothing
syrup the best remedy to use for their children
during the teething period.
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1909-09-24
Shows No Improyement.

'T don't see that her college educa-
ton has improved her much"
MOT"
mo. She helps her mother with the
nousework just as if she hadn't been
ACKNOWLEDGMENT Free Press
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1909-09-24

1t costs more to avenge wrong
than 1t does to let 1t 60 by default.
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1909-09-24
How Careless.

He-There was nearly a bad fire at
the theater.
She-How was that?
He-The villain lit cigarette and
tossed the match into the snow!-
Comic Cuts.
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1909-09-24

A SPECTACULAR VIEW IN PARIS OPERA HOUSE.
other point vivid impression of the riches
building with oonnad lit with blue lights familiar
until visitor
sparkling jewels he will have
show him.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-07-29
EASTERN FRUIT GROWERS, WAKE UP

Radical changes must come about in
the method of handling, grading and
marketing their fruit crops If the
farmers of the east succeed in hold
ing their eastern markets against the
competition of the Pacific coast fruit
growers.
Those western men certainly know
how to market their products. The
best looking fruit and the most at
tractive packages seen In the big mar
kets of Chicago, New York and other
large cities come from the west And
always this fruit briggs top prices.
There are many things to learn in the
marketing of fruit if one would get the
most out of an orchard.
The time to pick fruit depends large
ly upon the kind of fruit, the distance
to be shipped to market and the de-
mands of the market to which 1t is
shipped. Fruit that is sold to the fancy
family trade should be in the finest
possible condition and fully ripe be-
fore it is picked. Private customers
are usually willing to pay more for
good fruit in a high state Of perfection.
On the other hand fruit that is to
be shipped a long distance must be
harvested before it is fully ripe to pre-
vent breaking down of the tissues Gin
other words decay before it is sold.
I One of the most serious mistakes
made by orchardists is that of employ
ing cheap laborers to assist in hand
ling the fl It. Handling fruit is i'm
portant and the laborers should under
stand the Importance of their work
Trees may be injured and fruit dam
aged by careless pickers. After the
fruit is picked it must be carefully
handled while it is being graded and
packed.
The consumers demand uniform fruit
and uniform sized packages and unless
we meet their demands we must give
up our marl-cts to the men who con-
duct their business on business prin-
ciples.
1t is sad commentary upon the wis
dom of our commercial fruit growers
when they allow the growers and Ship
pers of fruit 1000 miles away to drive
them out of their home market, but
nevertheless that is the proposition
that we are up against at the present
time. What we need is more careful
grading and packing and better CO
operation among both growers and
shippers.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-07-29
TIME TO PLAN THE SILO
Will Not Put Off Building Their Slo Until
the Last Minute


silos each is feet in diameter by SO
feet high should furnish enough for
the winters feeding and to carry the
stock through the dry time the next
fall
In providing plenty of succulent food
OF this nature for the dairy milk can be
made better and cheaper and more
cows can be kept on the same number
of acres.
In building this fall do not WORRY
about the roof. until the silo is filed.
no matter about the weather, as, should
it rain while filling or later, 1t will do
no harm, as corn fairly well natured
needs more moisture than 1t contains
to make the best silage
! do not put anything on top Of the
silage after filling and did not lose
six inches on top, and the pigs took
care of that when II was thrown into
the barnyard.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-07-29
HANDLING THE TOMATO CROP

The most important part Of the han
ding Of a tomato crop is the picking.
sorting and packing. IL wisely and
carefully done the results will be very
satisfactory.
In handling my tomato crop I first
go through the field searching closely
for all smooth, sound tomatoes just in
the turning stage-that is, with a slight
shade Of redness in color, yet green and
firm.
never pick any cracked or disfig-
cured tomatoes to ship to market.
/ place only smooth, uniform speci-
mems In the crate baskets on their
sides, with the blossom ends up, SO as
to show to the best advantage.
! do not crate anything but No. is in
a No. package and No. quality In a
No. 2 package. Anything inferior to
No. 2 will not pay to crate. BY OBJ
serving this rule / am saved the cost
Of many crates. also the transportation
charges on them, as well as the labor
of putting them up and obtaining bet.
ter prices for what ship
When picking for, the market 4 aim
to pick only No. fruit, then when
packing there is not much No. 2 fruit
TO pack.
ured fruit green, but letting 1t remain
on the vines to ripen to the right stage
for the canning factory, moro money
can usually be realized from 1t than II
packed to ship.---W. II. Underwood.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-07-29
WORK AMONG THE FLOWERS

Lily and other bulbs are apt to split
up into small bulbs if the drainage
is clogged or the soil kept too wet.
Keep the chrysanthemums In a shady
place during the summer, water reg
ularly, pinch into shape. prune and
train. Keep the plant free from insect
pests.
s Cyclamen plants should be rested
during the summer months-not al
lowed to dry off entirely. but watered
sparingly and kept as dormant as pos
sible..
To root an Ivy geranium make a
hole under the leaves of the large
deep, allowing three joints to be under
the soil, and they are almost sure to
root.
Give liquid manure only when the
ground is moist; the roots cannot alb
sorb the fertilizer when in want of
water; hence, the giving Of fertilizers
during drought often results In the
death of the plant.
In time Of drought, If water enough
to soak the ground Is not to be had
regularly, it is better to give none to
most plants, as in that case plants
will adjust themselves to prevailing
conditions.
If surface waterings are given dur
ing dry weather the surface roots will
start to receive 1t, and when it is with
held these roots will die and the plants
suffer thereby
If you desire to allow some espe-
cially fine flower to produce seed tie
a string around the stem SO you will
know which one 1t is and remove all
other flowers as they fade.
In trying to save seeds of many
plants tie a little cheese cloth bag over
the seed pod just before 1t ripens, sc
he pod when opening. cannot scatter
the seeds. Many plants. however, dc
not come true" to seed.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-07-29
MAKING CIDER VINEGAR
THE PROCESS IS SIMPLE AND LITTLE w0Rx AND THE
PROFIT rs GREAT.

should be thoroughly washed before
being placed In the cider mill
The mill and all utensils used in the
making Wllst be kept we'll cleaned II
good Product is to be made. To use
unclean fruit or unclean vessels sim
ply invites bad fermentation.
If all sorts of germs which are found
on dirty and decayed fruit are put In
the cider a good quality of vinegar
must not be expected.
Where one has no mill the fruit can
be pulped by hand with wooden mauls
in a wooden trough, and where only a
sufficient quantity of vinegar is wanted
for home use it is not difficult matter
to secure 1t in this way.
The best receptacles in which to put
the cider are molasses kegs whiskey
barrels, preferably those which have
held vinegar previously, since fermen-
tation commences sooner when the fer
menting organism is present than when
It must find Its way into the Liquid
| from outside mediums.
TO make a good grade of vinegar
TWO FACTORS are essential during thu
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-07-29
THE MEALY BUG AND SCALE

Sometimes we get plants from the
florist on which this pest has estab-
lished itself. and in this way other
plants in the collection become in
fected
Another name for the mealy bug is
cotton aphis, and this is much the
most appropriate name, for the crea-
lures resemble bit Of cottoa more
than anything else.
Indeed. If one has never seen this
enemy of plant life he would not be
likely to suspect that the bit of down
showing here and there on the plant
mostly in the axil of the leaf, or some
other place in which he can stow him
self away snugly-harbored n living or
| ganism.
But stir the cottony mas up q little
and you will discover life IN little
enough to do great deal Of injury to
your plants by sucking the sap from
them. IT let alone the plant soon be-
comes covered with cottony tufts, un-
der which the enemy turks to do his
| deadly work.
Fight the mealy bug pest with an
emulsion prepared as follows:
A good white soap, melted, one
pound; kerosene, one teacupful.
While the soap is hot pour in the kerr
osene. A ur will take place. Use
OF this emu e part to ten parts
| water.
| Spray the plants affected very thor
| oughly, taking great pains to get the
| mixture into every nook and ere, :e
where the meaiy bug has seen fit to
establish himself This emulsion can
be kept indefinitely in closely corked
! bottles.
This same emulsion is of great value
in the treatment Of scale, which Is often
/ found on palms, oleanders and other
thick-ieaved plants. Use one part Of
the soap -and-kerosene mixture to six
parts water, and wash the plants, leaf
by leaf, with it, rubbing them we'll with
a soft cloth to dislodge the scale after
the application has been made.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-07-29
MARKETING GEM MELONS

The picking is the most important
part In handling the crop and must be
carefully done. Caution the pickers to
avoid stepping on the vines or bruis-
ing the melons against each other when
putting them into the ba skets.
When melon is ripe to pick for
shipment the stem parts slightly from
the fruit so that when picked no trace
of stem tissue is left on the melon, nor
is any portion of the melon left on the
stem, as often happens when the fruit
is pulled too green.
At the proper stage for picking the
netting and skin also have a peculiar
grayish appearance, which is easily
recognized when one becomes accus-
toned to picking for the market.
In picking the melons in dry, no,
weather, when they are ripening fast
1t is best to pick early in the morning
and again late in the afternoon.
Use the half-bushel climax baske
for shipping the melons. each baske
holding sixteen melons of the idea
shipping size.
Sort the melons carefully befor,
packing and never ship any cracked
or over ripe or poorly netted speci
mems.
Have them all as, nearly the sam
ripeness as possible.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-07-29

process of fermentation. First, the
ar must have free access to the liquid
20 support the organism. Second, the
temperature must be favorable for the
growth of the fermenting agent.
Inc barrels or kegs should be placed
IN room where the temperature viii
pe iairly constant at 70 to rs degrees.
paced ON their sides in order to give
more surface to the atmosphere, and
Iliieu with the Juice to within six inches
10 eight inches of the bunghole.
Inc mole should be carefully covered
win clean cotton so as to exclude the
entrance of germs and vermin. This
cover readily permits the gases to
escape and should never be allowed to
touch the liquor.
u IS great mistake to allow the
barrels to foam over, as all sorts Of
germs enter therein.
After few days raise the cotton
ana note the condition of head" on
.he liquid. 1t should become thick and
nave a dark appearance.
| AS soon as the liquid becomes COM
paratively quiet it will be found bright
and limpid.
Under ordinary conditions some time
IS required before good product can
be made When sour sufficiently for
! use the vinegar can be drawn as res
| CURED and strained and the "mother-
of-vinegar' left for next season.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-07-29

good brand, which should be disin-
fectant as well as an insecticide.
Cleanse and scald food troughs and
drinking fountains often, and avoid
feeding more than will be eaten
Securing ih calves too often comes
from neglect at this point, though
guesswork in warming the milk
through lack Of a thermometer will
starr the trouble. Sour troughs or
pals are an abomination. Cleanse and
scald often, and never feed more than
will be eaten. Whey as ii comes from
the factory, having first been in a foul
tank, is to be condemned for this rea-
son, even if it contained the necessary
nutrients. Sweet food, regular feeding
and the milk heated to blood temper
ature will go far toward keeping the
calf healthy.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-07-29
a PLACE FOR WETHERs

It is said that fewer wethers reach
the market every year. And if the de-
rnand for dressed lamb continues to
grow at its present pace. and if the
range districts are brought into close
communication with the markets, the
number of wethers sold will probably
be still less.
{, II the rangeman has very cheap
grazing land or too few sheep to run
his ranch to full capacity he has a
place for wethers. When prices for
mutton and wool are high wethers will
more than pay their way on almost any
range, but the profit they yield COM
pared to that from breeding ewes is
much less, and hence wethers are being
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-07-29

The corn put in in this way furnished
not only the roughage, but copeen-
trates, and all needed to balance the
ration was four pounds of gluten meal
and four pounds of wheat bran per day
for each COW.
Following this stock in the barn
yard were about thirty hogs, shotes
and sows, and with practically no other
feed never saw stock look any better
on March 1.
We found the best way to feed was
to feed the bran and gluten meal be-
fore and during milking time, and the
ensilage after milking. The milk was
bought by one of the large milk COM
panfes which supply Chicago with bot
tied milk and was pronounced by them
fine article, testing on the average
about 81 per cent butter fat by the
Babcock test.
For dairy of fifty cows, two round
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-07-29

The report of investigation into the or,s, of tho
outbreak of foot and mouth disease the United states
last fall by Dr. John r. Meher Dr. Milton J. Rose
nau mas been issued in the form buletinNo 147-
by the United States Department of Agriculture and
any one interested in the subject may obtain same by
writing to A. D. Melvin, chief bureau Of animal in
dustry, Washington, D. C.
On Nov. 10, 1908 this disease was discovered
among cattle in Pennsylvania, and days later it
was found also in Michigan. New York and Maryland
IN view or the strict quarantine maintained the
reau on imported live stock and the i'm
portaon of ruminants from countries foot and
mouth disease existed prohibited entirely seemed
highly improbable that the infection brought in
have gained entrance into the States were sug-
gested as that Immigrants carried the virus their
clothing. that 1T was brought in hay used
for packing, or that it introduced biological
products When therefore, the disease was traced by
the bureaus inspectors to calves that
propagating smallpox vaccine by Detroit establish
ment, the of the longest standing were
found these calves it considered probable
that the vaccine was contaminated with the
and mouth disease and that this the out
break especially since vaccine had suspected
being responsible for the New England outbreaks Of
1929.
When suspicion thus directed to the vaccine
virus of the Detroit establishment it
make investigation to determine this point and as
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-07-29
THE PROCESS rs SIMPLE
BY s. M. MILLER.

There are many apple orchards, es-
pecially those that have never been
sprayed or cultivated, in which large
quantities of apples are allowed to go
to waste every year.
Such fruit makes a good grade OF
cider vinegar, and a handsome profit
can be made in utilizing 1t in this way,
Even If one sprays and culttvates the
orchard regularly each season and
does everything possible to prevent
having anything but marketable fruit
there will always be a good many culis.
However, do not allow these unmer-
charitable apples to go to waste. Make
cider vinegar from them and get a
good price for the product right here
at home.
Making cider vinegar is very SIMPLE
There is practically no labor attached
to it other than extracting the Juice
from the apples
Perfect cleanliness first, last and all
the time is a matter of vital impor-
lance. Apples that are picked up from
the ground are usually dirty and
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-07-29
DEATH IN THE FEED TROUGH

Cleanliness is as necessary virtue
outdoors as in. Poultry house, calf
trough and swili pail alike demand it
for profit; and for any violation heavy
toll is exacted, in lack of thrift if not
in acute disease. The sterilizing proc
ess should by no means be limited to
the dairy utensils.
Clean the poultry house and brooders
at least twice a week, hoeing all drop
pings into the cabbage, cucumber, to-
mato or melon patch. Renew bedding
in the brooder with fresh sand, bran
sawdust, and dust literally with insect
powder strong enough to induce a
sneeze. Too much of the insect powder
was worthless from the first or has
lost its strength from age. Find a
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-07-29
HOW TO CURE CLOVER
An APPROVED METHOD CARING THE mr. CROP y7H NM
mum or WASTE

width they will fatten out, which is
wrong.
The walls are kept perpendicular
three-fourths of the way UP and then
gradually drawn in. Much time need
not be consumed in making the
punches, as it is quickly done.
One condition is imperative-the clo-
yer must go into the cock free from
rain or dew. 1t can be safely cooked
when containing lots of water from its
own juices, but not when even little
moist from water.
We allow it to stand in cocks three
or four days, or longer, before disturb
ing it, On day in which the air is
dry We open up the punches so that
the air can draw through them, and
usually after about two hours expo
sure the hay is ready to draw to the
barn. 1t is not necessary to tear it
apart and wear it out, as it readily
parts with it's own moisture, which is
chiefly near the center and the bot
tom of the punches.
If rain falls while the clover is in
the bunch it does not wet it deeply
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-07-29
q GOVERNMENT WHITEWAsH

The season is always at hand when
there is a demand for a good white
wash.
y The following formula is employed by
the United States government on its
forts and light houses, and no doubt
outranks any other formula in exist
ence. Itthas been published before, but
Is we'll worth repeating:
Take half a bushel of unslacked lime
slack in warm water, cover 1t during
the process to keep in the steam;
strain the liquid through a fine sieve
or strainer; add peck of salt previ-
ously well dissolved in warm water;
three pounds of ground rice boiled tc
q thin ,paste,and stirred in boiling hot;
half pound Of powdered Spanish
whiting and pound of glue which has
been previously dissolved over a slow
fire.
Add. FIVE gallons of hot water to the
mixture.Sstir Well, and let 1t stand for {
few5aags, covered to.keep out the dirt
strain Carefully and apply hot.
l5f ~
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-07-29
BY PROFESSOR G. W. GowELL,
Maine Agricultural Station.

The practice of the Maine Agricul-
sural Experiment Station in curing
clover is to NOW it when there is a
prospect of dry weather for couple of
days and when it is free from water or
dew and let it lie as cut that day, or
II itAhasF wiited somewhat on the sur
face, turn at by hand or tedder just
before night.
II not tdrhed the first afternoon 1t
ls turned or teddered the second day
0ndI again toward noon.
III the afternoon of the second day
ltSis put into cocks about five feet high
oEainasils it is wilted at this time
but. it thea weather has turned dark
or TIE clover is very heavy portions OF
lti aIsS liable to be unwilted, in which
raseithe cocks are made smaller.
The cocks are made by using small
forkfMs flattened out SO that it will
rope off in layers when handled again
As it cures 1t settles, and unless the
rocks are high in proportion to their
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-07-29

after the punches have been made for
a few hours When. rain comes we let
the punches alone and the water dries
out of itself when sound weather comes
again.
10 successfully cure clover or other
FODDER plants in this way it is essen
tlal to let the cocks alone and allow
them to cure and dry out undisturbed
Glover thus cured and aired out just
before ,utting into the barn does not
burn in the. NOW or come out dusty.
In midwinter a handful from the NOW
can be twisted into a knot without
breaking the stocks or wringing off the
leaves.
We also cure green oats and peas in
the same way. Out of thirty two tons
weighed into the barn one year and
fed out in winter all of the oats made
from 1t by the cattle We're collected and
saved in one stack.
This method of curing succeeds in
ordinary weather OF course heavy
prolonged rains mean defeat to this OF
any system unless the punches are
covered with cloth or fiber caps.