Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1909-09-10

ever in the history Of the world been
able to command prosperity through a
single crop and no people would ever
be able to do so. We can only make
money out Of the cotton crop by forti-
flying 1t with other crops. No matter
what the price Of cotton, we must
make our supplies at home. We must
diversity, diversity, diversity. The
burden Of his speech was diversified
tion and our stupidity in generally
acknowledging the truth Of the propo-
sition, without trying to put 1t into
practice.
The next speaker was Mr.. A. G.
Smith Of the bureau Of plant industry
division Of farm management, on the
subject Of seed corn breeding. BY
way Of introduction to his subject, he
explained what had been done in the
production Of fine horses, fine cows
fine hogs, fine chickens, etc., by con-
tinuous intelligent breeding, and then
proceeded to show how the same re-
suits can be obtained by giving the
same attention to the development OF
corn seed. He laid down the PROPOSE
ton that the three essentials In prof
liable corn production come In the
one, two, three order Of the right seed
the right soil and the right cultiva.
Iion, putting Sceu doorS S.shSt eoA
or cultivation, and he told his hearers
that the best way to get the best seed
was to do their own breeding.
After the conclusion Of Mr.. Smiths
talk, the question box was opened and
Prof. Williams and other members OF
the institute faculty answered various
questions that were asked by the far
mers. Prof. r. r. Welch made talh
on live stock, and Prof. Williams made
a strong address on the necessity Of
improving the rural schools.
The Tuesday nights session was
devoted to birds and music. Congress
man Finley presided and the feature
was the singing Of Miss Dargan te
Miss Gwaltney's piano accompani.
ment. The young ladies acquitted
themselves delightfully."- and won mucf
applause. After the music, Mr.. ]. Il
Rice talked on Birds" His address
was a literary masterpiece, something
he had evidently been working on anc
perfecting for several years, and II
produced a fine impression. He re-
viewed the history Of the bird from
the creation Of the fowls Of the air,
told Of the habits Of the various kinds
Of birds, pictured the situation tha'
was presented to our forefathers or
their first arrival in this country, with
the forest and fields full Of beasts and
birds and the rivers teaming with fish;
how the birds, animals and fish were
destroyed, the coming Of myriads OF
pestiferous insects, the insect destruc-
ton Of plant life and the incalculable
losses sustained to the wealth Of the
world each year by the destruction OF
the birds. He gave the birds credit
for destroying tons and tons o,
insects, and showed how the destruc-
ton Of the birds permitted the insects
to increase. He made 1t appear that
IL this thing is allowed to go on as II
has been and is going, 1t will only be
a few more years, when the very ex-
istence of man will be threatened
Mr.. Rice's address was roundly ap-
p1auded.
" Upon the convening Of the institute
Wednesday morning, there was an
other good audience In attendance. II
includSd some new faces along with
many OF those who had been close lis
teners from the beginning. The meet
ing was called to order by Prof. VIII
liams, who introduced as the first in
structor Of the day, Prof. r. r. WEIGH
who gave an interesting practical ex-
hibition Of the Babcock milk testing
apparatus. The object Of the exhibition
was to illustrate first, the poor econ
omy of feeding cows that did not yield
a profitable per cent Of butter fat
and second the ease and facility with
which profitable production can be
ascertained. His demonstration was
made with samples Of milk from DR.
R. A. Brattons fine Guernsey herd on
the southern outskirts Of Yorkville
There were three samples, and the
knvo
sample was found to contain some
thing over per cent Of butter fat
another something over 5 and anoth-
er slightly under 5. The average for
the herd was about 81 per cent. Mr.
Welsh explained that 6 per. cent was
away above the average; that less
than per cent was considered un-
profitable. The average Of DR.. Brat
tons herd he said made a remarkably
fine showing.
Mr.. A. q. Smith followed Mr..
Welch on the subject Of legumes for
winter cover crops, fully explaining
the claims and merits Of crimson clo-
yer, bur clover and hairy vetch. For
a hay crop he recommended the SOW
ing Of 80 pounds Of hairy vetch to the
acre with oats. He recommended
crimson clover as one Of the best nj
trogen producers, not excepting peas
and said there was nothing else so
good to turn under for the production
of humus He said crimson and bur
clover should be sowed between Sep
tember / and October 1, and recon-
mended the sowing Of vetch and oats
up to December l.
Prof Williams followed Mr.. Smith
with an interesting talk on the culti-
walton Of corn, and gave his audience
quite a lot of interesting Information.
Mr.. Smith made quite a hit with a
talk in which he contrasted the meth
ods Of the Illinois farmers and the
ST 18th Carolina farmers. He said that
one difference was that in Illinois one
man plowed four horses, while In
South Carolina two men plow one
poor mule. He was raised in Illinois,
and told how when a boy, he used to
wonder what became of the side meat
his people made. He knew that they
used the hams, backbone, spare ribs,
etc., but he had often wondered what
they did with the side meat When
he came down here, he saw where the
meat had gone to; but he could not
understand why the people down here
should be content with such a situa-
ton, because the people of this coun-
try can raise meat much cheaper than
the people Of Illinois. One reason why
Illinois is so far ahead, Is that three
fourths of the people there do their
own work. He told how his brother
had worked 40 acres in corn and so
acres in oats and made 5000 bushels
of corn and $500 bushels Of oats.
In conclusion, Prof Williams made
a few remarks in which he told the
audience how much gratified he was
at the appreciation the people Of York
county had shown Of the institute. 1t
was a source of especial pleasure to
him to know that this had been the
most successful institute that had been
held in the state, and he thought one
reason of 1t was his good fortune, II
not good judgment, in having select
ed one of the most intelligent counties
in the state for the first three days
institute that had been attempted. He
said that 1t Is his purpose to hold about
three Institutes next year, and as he
sees things now he will certainly hold
the first one in Yorkville.
A resolution was put from the floor
and adopted, thanking Prof. Williams
and his colleagues for their efforts In
behalf Of the farmers, and also thank
ing Misses Gwaltney and Dargan for
the entertainment and pleasure that