The Idaho Springs siftings-news., 1909-10-16
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and Independence were to be found the bars
of the Forty Mile, the Stewart and at Circle
City.
With the increase of population came the rep
resentatves of the American and Canadian gov
ernments, custom-houses were established and
court decisions took the place of the rude JUS
dce dispensed by miners meetings. With the
new order of things came also the necessity Of
. determined line between the two countries.
The United States claimed, under the old Rus
sian treaty. a line running up Portland canal to
the 5Gth parallel of north latitude, thence to fol-
low the summit of the coast range to its inter-
section with the 141st meridian In the absence
OF definite mountain range near the coast, the
line was to be not more than ten marine leagues
distant from tide water.
Canada claimed that the line should follow the
coast range paralleing the general contour Of
the coast, and cutting across all inlets and fords
There were other contentious of minor impor-
lance, but the real trouble was that Canada
thought she was entitled to seaport which
would allow of shipments through Canadian ter
rttory to the valuable kondike.
As to the 141st meridian being the rest of the
boundary. there was no dispute. This line starts
at ridge Of Mount Saint Elias and runs through
to Demarcation Point on the Arctic ocean.
Maps showing strip of land along the coast
were maze, archives were rummaged, every avail
able bits Of history and tradition were searched.
and the whole mass submitted evidence to a
tribunal Of three Americans, two Canadians, and
one Englishman which met in London in 1903.
Inc bAAuuB Oh tQe evidence required tnree months.
The opposing counsel helped by the geographic
experts put forth their best arguments, vote
was taken, and the result showed four to two for
the United States. the lord chief justice of Eng
land, Lord Alverstone casting his vote with the
Americans.
Naturally the Canadian representatives felt
greatly disappointed. but the evidence too
conclusive to allow of any other outcome.
Then came the question of what mountains con-
stituted the coast range. In places compro
mise was effected departing slightly from the
claims Of the United States
1t was decided that certain weldefned peaks
on the mountains fringing the coast should con-
stitute the main points the boundary. Lord
Alverstone, welding blue pencil, marked on the
maps what appeared to the tribunal to be the
proper mountains. The members of the tribunal
were all eminent jurists but this did not make
them proficient in the inricacies of contour maps,
and the advice Of the experts constantly re-
Quested.
The location Of the boundary was left to two
commissioners. Mr.. o. H. Tittmann, superintend-
ent Of the coast and geodetic survey, for the
United States, and Dr. w. F. King, chief Domin-
Ion astronomer, for Canada.
Wherever the blue-pencil mark appears on the
map, this point without any recourse is boun-
Diary point, even though higher and better point
may be but short distance away.
To follow the sinuosties of the mountain
ranges in this country would be hopeless. so the
commissioners will probably decide that
straight line connecting the various blue-penced
points shall constitute the boundary.
The actual demarcation OF the boundary to be
satisfactory to both governments, must De dohe
Jointly By this 1t is not meant that there is di