The Birmingham age-herald., 1909-02-22

Willis Brewer, author of Alabama, Her History, Resources, Public Men, etc, (1872), D. 547, describes 1t in terse and graphic way:
 "At Okfuskee, on the Tallapoosa, the British established a fort in 1735, and occupied 1t for several years for the purpose of alternating the Upper Mus cogees from the French. Near Okfus- kee, within, and at the apex of, the Horseshoe Bend, stood Tohopeka, where the Indians collected to resist Jackson Ghula Harjo (Old Mad Jackson) as they called him. They constructed a breast work of timber across the mouth of the little peninsula, and were so con fldent of victory that they permitted their wives and children to remain in the town. The principal chief present was Manowa, who led the party that killed Gen. William Mcintosh 12 years after, and there were not less than 1000 warriors present. General Jackson, with nearly 5000 troops, left Fort Strother, March IA, 1874; reached Fort Williams on the 21st. and on the 27th appeared before the place. General Coffee, with the cavalry, crossed the river and encircled the town on the cast bank then sent over detach- ment to set fire to the village, and which made vigorous attack on the
 
 time two pieces of artillery opened on the breastwork in front and at noon the Tennesseans moved to the assault of them. The struggle at the breast works was desperate, and lasted for some minutes but the whites thronged over, and the Indians slowly fell back to the shelter of the undergrowth. Pressed vigorously they took refuge in the reeds and thickets on the river bank. Jackson sent a flag of truce to obtain their surrender, but they fired on It. Torches were thrown into the thickets, and the blaze drove many into the river, where they were killed by Coffee's troops. Night closed the con fiict; Tohopeka was in ashes, and the hopes of the surviving Creeks lay in the dust saturated by the blood of three fourths of their bravest warriors. A number were killed in the river. and 557 bodies were counted on the penin- sula Of the Tennesseans, 32 were killed and 99 wounded; of the Chero- kees, IS were killed and 96 wounded; and of the Tory Creeks, were killed, and II were wounded. Jackson returned to Fort Williams the next day
 Significance of the Battle.
 As indicated above the wide significance of the battle of Horseshoe Bend has been empldSlTeu again iIlu dSdlH Dy both local and general historians. Your memorialists will not, however, rest on this mere general statement. They have caused to be assembled the views of rep resentative historians and others, which it is believed will conclusvely show the far-reaching character of the campaigns of Gen. Andrew Jackson, which termi- mated with the battle of the Horseshoe Bend. These expressions, if they have any meaning at all, place this engage ment not only among the great engage ments of modern warfare, but also among the epoch making events in world his tory The following are submitted:
 A S. Coyars Life and Times of Andrew Jackson" (90D, volume l. page 162:
 "The loss was severe in Jacksons army but it was destruction to the Creek Ma ton, and was the end of the campaign"
 George Bancrofts eulogy, June 27, 1s45 in Monument to General Andrew Jack son." Q846), page 39:
 Tn six short months of vehement ac- ton the most terrible Indian war in our annals was brought to close the proph cts were silenced; the consecrated re- zion of the Creek Nation reduced. Through scenes of blood the averaging hero sought only the path to peace Thus Alabama, part of Mississippi, a part of his own Tennessee, and the highway to the Florldas were his gifts to the union. These were his trophies.''
 Halbert & Ball, "The Creek War of 1873 and 1S14," QS95), the fullest general work on the subject, page PTS:
 This battle may well be placed along side of that destruction that came upon the Pequods in New England. Of that Martyr says, Tt was not battle it was a massacre The we'll informed reader will note more than one point of simi- larity between the old Pequod war and the Creek war. Perhaps the one was as needful as the other The one plotted out a small tribe the other subdued a great people,.
 McKenney & Hall, Indian Tribes of North America" QS42), volume ?, page 100:
 "The whole fight was of the most des- perate character. The waters of the Tal- lapoosa river were red with blood. Of 900 warriors led into that sanguinary fight by Menawn only 70 survived, and one only who fled at the first discharge of cannon, escaped unwounded."
 Fis<e "History of the United States for Schools qs99), page 29s. says:
 Andrew Jackson, with his Tennessee troops and a few United States regulars. made bloody campaign of nearly seven months. ending with the great battle of Ta1lapoosa Q1orseshoe Bend), in March, 1874, which finally broke the Indian power in the southwest"
 John Frost, Indian Battles. Captivi- ties and Adventure dS59), page S51:
 This decisive victory put lan end to the Creek war. In the shor period of five months from the first of November to