davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Birmingham age-herald., 1909-06-27

Winston of Alabama organized at Mont gomery the new party, the democratic and anti-knownothing. This was the party that broke up the Charleston con vention. In the free states there was fusion of various elements. the abolition ists under Wendell Philips, the free soilers under John Van Buren, the free lovers under Horace Greedy, Henry Ward Beecher, etc. The fusion nominated John o. Fremont for President under the name of republican party and came near elect ing him.
 We shall now give a word to the birth of the democratic and anti-knownothing party of Alabama which led the way to the founding of the southern Confederacy and the selection of Montgomery as the place of organization.
 Governor Winston was inaugurated for a second term of two years in December, 1855. He immediately sent out a circular letter. signed by 70 of the leading men of the state, calling for a convention of the people, regardless of past political afflliation, to assemble at the capitol on January 8, 1856, to put on foot southern movement.
 At that time the democratic party of the state was in fine condition. The gov ernor, Winston, had been twice elected by it's organization and the state was en- tirely controlled by 1t The governor well understood however, that the conflict of the sections was rapidly ripening, and he possessed a laudable ambition. He had always been an extreme states rights man.
 A very hearty response to the call brought together a body of men Of ex- ceptional ability and experience in pub lie affairs. The legislature was in ses- sion and besides that attraction, other circumstances conspired to bring to Mont
The Birmingham age-herald., 1909-06-27

took and the leadership she assumed to hreself In the roll of history.
 There is the question of daily bread be- fore an ever r\augmenting multitude of the American people and a perilous question of security of civil government confront ing the situation. Land is to be had for the asking. The bounties of heaven are abundant. Like the French men, women and children of only four generations ago, the American masses beginning to trace to their government the discord upon which they suffer. No finer chapter in the worlds history Is to be transmitted to the keeping of time than the genesis and career of the southern Confectionery. Whatever was American was southern In the preliminary period. It Is well known that the present King of England visited this country in the year 1860. He was en- tertained by President Buchanan at the White House MT. Benjamin Ogle Tayloe carried him to 'Westover" and other estates on the James. He met many southern gentlemen and ladies in Wash ington. When the war broke out the next year the Prince of Wales became an active sympathizer with the Confectionery and thus established a Confederate sent- ment in England.
 It is important to the instruction of future generations in civics that a his tory of the Confederacy should be writ ten. The story abounds in facts which relate to the most serious and the most exalted conditions of organized society. State craft must be cultivated There Is the highest authority for the education of statesmen in affairs of state. MT. Gladstone contemplated in wonder how the constitution of the United States was struck off in a given time," but the English sage was mistaken. The members
The Birmingham age-herald., 1909-06-27

of the convention of 17S7 went to their seats specially self-prepared. They had studied the common law of England. They were deeply rend in the rise and fall of ancient republics, they were familiar with the republican governments and the 13 states and most of all, they were con- scious that no form of federal government which put in jeopardy the sovereignty of the separate states could be erected
 The constitution of the Confederate States is the highest refinement of free government the annals of the nations can produce. The conditions of society which generated the document were most health ful. No history could be more educative in the science of government than the history of that powerful society.
 The suggestion, that Alabama should come forward, in the patronage of its state government to prepare and publish to the world History of the Confed- crate States" Is well founded.
 Alabama initiated and led the concluding political processes which terminated In tho organization of the Confectionery at Mont gomery. Because of this fact of state in fluence and activity, Montgomery was de- liberately selected as the place for the establishment of the government.
 , An unfiedged view of the antecedents Is that if Alabama had not broken up the national democratic convention, at Charleston, the democratic candidate for the presidency, Douglas, for instance, would have defeated Lincoln To arrive at this attitude toward the situation 1t is necessary to be uncandid with the facts. At that time there were 33 states of the union Eighteen of the 33 had republican state governments and had maintained the republican party in the ascendency practically since the birth of that party.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1909-06-27

itary school in England, who, In the drawing department, produced a piece with the title, Scene in Vennice'-spell ing the name of the famous city with two ms. The drawing master, who hap pened to be a London coelney, put his pen through the superfuous letter and said Don't you know, sir, that there is only one hen G) in Yeniee?" Whereupon the youth burst out laughing. What are you laughing at?s growled the master. well, I was only thinking how uncom- monly scarce eggs must in that city" was the reply. Upon this, the instructor re- ported the cadet for impotence. The re- port was made 10 the eommandant, an old Scotch colonel, who never was known to see the point of joke, and he gravely remarked that he thought the boy had made "a vary [yeryl naatural observaa- ton"
 And this suggests that the English habit of playing fast and loose with the letter "H'' Is quite old. Some of our English cousins are disposed to contend that the habit is confined to the vulgar, but John A. Broadus, when in England, heard cultivated people say ''pihano" for piano Surely King James translators of the Bible, who wrote the English of the Elizabethan age, and who were doing their work when Shakespeare was doing his, were men of high culture; and ydts we find in their version "an horse' and "an house," which were almost certainly pronounced "a norse and "a house."
The Birmingham age-herald., 1909-06-27

1 of chance, no matter what, is sure to interest them. They take to craps shoot l ing as a duck takes to the proverbial ele- ment Although accustomed to wines and liquors the Tagalog is temperate in using | them. They have a native drink called "Vino" (pronounced be-no) that will quickly produce insanity If taken In large quantities. The natives take 1t in little | "bird-nips," but the American goes after 1t as if 1t were booze" It has put more than one American soldier in an insane asylum This liquor is obtaiued from the fermented and distilled juice of the CO., coanut palm, Tagalogs are passionately fond of music and are natural musicians. When the Americans first took possession the members of our military bands were very much chagrined when the natives would listen to them play one piece just once and then play it much better than they did. Every native village has its band and dances are of nightly occur renee.
 The Tagalogs are all devout Roman Catholics, although they hate the mon astlc orders. Prior to the purchase of their lantis by the American government the friars owned practically all of the lands worth owning. The Tagalog, like all races of Malay extraction, is extreme ly passionate and cruel, and has little mercy on his enemies when they fall into his power, but in this respect they are no worse than were the civilized races a century ago. Their conduct in this re- spect will bear favorable comparison to that of the Spaniards. Mercy and gen. erosity to conquered foe were unknown to them until the Americans came.
 In their family relations they manifest a love and tenderness that are commend able The parents love and care for their children, and the children in turn honor and revere their parents and re- spect their elders. In this they are miles ahead of the average American boy. The noisy boisterousness so common among the American school children is never seen in the islands. However, there is never seen among the native children the brightness and effervescence that constitute so charming character istic among our boys and girls The us- tive children are quiet and subdued and seem to feel the spirit of dejeotion and hopelessness that has rested upon their elders for so many generations. The people do not seem to show much sym pathy for the sick and suffering, al- though they treat them kindly. During the recent cholera epidemic I have seen them laugh at some of the convulsions of the dying. The fact that they are fa- talists may account for this. Every Tag alog family has several aged relatives
The Birmingham age-herald., 1909-06-27

than are the atrocities of the Caucasian corsairs of their race9"
 The Tagalogs of both sexes are excel lent swimmers. Mothers, when their in- fants are only few weeks old, will take them into the surf of the sea, in order to let them become accustomed to the water, of which in short time they be- come utterly fearless. It is no uncommon sight to see groups of naked men, armed with short "bolos," Ca heavy-bladed, keen knife), plunge into the sea in the midst of a school of sharks and with marvel ous quickness dodge a man-eater as he charges them. A shark rushes on his intended victim with great speed, and when in striking distance flaps over on his back. This is the natives opportuni- ty, for as the shark turns he lodges and with lightning-like thrust plunges his keen knife into the sharks soft abdo- men. The momentum of the great fish serves to completely disembowl him. These scenes are the nnost thrilling anu exciting imaginable 5ur the Tagalog shark hunter enjoys the sport. The fins of this fish are highly prized as food by the natives.
 Along the Manila beach at the close of the day, may be seen hundreds of men, women and children merrily playing and swimming III the water ilAe clOWu LII happy children.
 The Tagalogs are fatalists and mani- fest no fear of death. Whatever happens is. in their estimation due to fate and cannot be helped They do not worry and take whatever comes to them with the utmost resignation.
 In war the Tagalogs, being fatalists, are brave. Many American people reading accounts of our battles with them, in which our troops were always victorious. formed the impression that they were towards. It is true that they ran from Notifications that Americans would have held against overwhelming odds, but it must be remembered that they are poor shots, shooting much too high. When our troops would charge the Tagalogs would empty the magazines of their Mausers time-and again, but shooting poorly they could not much effects of their shots, and feeling that they stood but little chance against the yelling giants who were rushing toward them, they would seek safety in flight. Realiz- ing that they could never kill off the white invaders. they would keep the Americans chasing them, trusting more to the tropical climate to rid them of their white enemies
 This incident regarding their personal bravery is related by a member of Fun ston's Kansas regiment: Tn one of the early battles near Manila, after sweeping
The Birmingham age-herald., 1909-06-27

all before them in long charge, the Kansas boys were suddenly surprised to find Mauser bullets coming from the rear. After some difficulty the tree was located in which the insurgent was hidden. The little bullets whizzed around us, wound ing several. volley after volley was fired into the tree before the deadly Mauser came trembling down. As the man still remained in the tree the Kan sas boys decided to investigate. They found away up among the top branches the body of an old Tagalog.
 'He had lost leg in a former trouble, probably in battle with the Spaniards. He had been helped to his lofty perch by his friends and tied to the trunk of the tree. It was evidently his intention to sacrifice himself, as he could not have loosened the rope, as 1t was tied too firmly and he did not have a knife."
 When cornered or hemmed in so they could not escape, they have been kno VII to fight with a desperation that would have done credit to the best troops in the world Their nervous systems do not seem to be highly developed as they can stand any amount of pain. On one oc- casion the writer had charge of the operating room in the post hospital in Bunyan, province of Lagoona. A wound ed Tagalog was brought in sunerlng rom a severe gun shot wound in the back, He had been shot while running through the jungles while his body was bent for ward The bullet struck him just above the hip and came out at the top of the shoulder The wound was about a. week old Inflammation set In and the whole letf side of his body was full of puss. I tried to insert drainage tube where the bullet entered and where 1t emerged, but the swelling was so great that I could not succeed. Through an interpre- ter I told him what I would have to do and he readily consented. Standing erect he allowed me to cut from his hip to his shoulder through all of the muscles of the back The incision was IS inches in length and the ribs and shoulder blade were touched by my knife in its transit
 Five puss cavities were located a drainage tube inserted in each, and the incision sewed up. The operation occu- pied about 20 minutes, but during all this period the Tagalog did not finch. He speedily made a complete recovery and took the oath of allegiance to the United States government.
 The most predominating trait of their character is vanity. They like to dress up, and if given a pair of shoes they will strut about like a peacock. Their principle pastme is cock lighting, as 1t gives them an opportunity to gamble. which is to them passion. Any game
The Birmingham age-herald., 1909-06-27

the succession and has been membeE of Congress since 1904 having been thrice reelected.
 Hefiin Is a strong man, mentally, moral ly and physically. He Is the most genial of men, and could swap anecdotes with Proctor Knott himself. He is an able lawyer, cultivated scholar, and man of affairs. But there Is a deal of the poet in the man. and his aposthrope to the cotton plant, if it had appeared in would be a classic. Every Alabama schoolboy ought to memorize 1t How southern Tom Heflin is An okra plant can't beat him. He Is a native to the soil as the fig. l would bet he has been 'possum. hunting with the niggers. and sat in the cabin at the feet of some Uncle Eph. when a lad, and hung on the words of homely wisdom that fell from the lips of the faithful old servitor
 The other day Tom Heflin, at Front Royal, Va, delivered the oration upon the ono hundred and first anniversary of the birth of Jefferson Davis. It was a philo- sophical disquistion on the constitution of the United States as the fathers made it of which John T. Morgan would not have been ashamed, and there was @ poetic vein in 1t worthy Carmaok or Vest. Where did ssch rollicl1ing fellow get his information1 He reads and di- gests and don't forget. With very few years moro experience. in Congress Tom Heflin will be power in that body.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1909-06-27

1 erous and untrustworthy, but four cen turles of Spanish barbarity has taught them to be so. The hatred between all of the native races and the Spaniards is very intense.
 At the beginning of the American oc- cupation they were told by their leaders that we were many fold worse than the Spaniards, but the courteous treatment they received at the hands of our soldiers soon taught them that we could be trust ed. As the American lines steadily ad- vanced into the interior of Luzon, they were met by girls and women bearing peace offerings in fear and trembling that we would kill them, but when they found that the Americans would not take their offerings gratis, but insisted on paying good prices for their fruits and dainties their astonishment was great.
 The great bulk of the Tagalog tribe is engaged in agriculture. Among the high CT classes are found many doctors, law yers, priests and merchants. As rule they have not travelled much and what they know of the great outside world they have learned through the histories and geographies given them by the Spaniards.
 Senor Ramon Lala, who is a Tagalog, and also a writer and lecturer of note, 
 of his people: >
 "The first thing in the native character that impresses the tourist is his impassive demeanor and imperturbable bearing. He Is a born stoic--a fatalist by nature. This accounts flor his coolness in moments of danger and his intrepid daring against overwhelming odds. This feature of the Malay character has often been displayed in the conflicts of the race with the Eu- ropeans in the East Indies. Under com petent leadership the Tagalog, though strongly averse to discipline, can be made a splendid soldier. AS sailors too, l do not believe they can be equaled. For live active, and fond of water, the Malays have always shown their fondness for the sea. Their pirates have, until few years ago, for centuries infested the bays and inlets of the eastern archipelagos footing the towns and villages and taking as booty such foreign merchantmen as they were able to overcome. On account of the ravages of these fierce eastern Vikings, Europeans have come to regard the whole Malay race as cruel and blood thirsty. But they were pirates in their own waters, and preyed upon their own countrymen by whom they were feared no less than were the Spanish and En- glish freebooters of old by their own countrymen Why then should their out rages and rapacity be taken as indica- tive of the Malay character any more
The Birmingham age-herald., 1909-06-27
Witherspoon DuBose

ble works to that history. Even if nothing more is done by the state, a revised edition of Percy Grey's work might be accomplished. Northern his- torians. under pressure of the facts, are becoming more reconciled to state ments not so flagrantly at variance as formerly
 At any rate, the legislature might ap- propriate for and expunge from the sta tutes the absurb epithet, War of seces- sion," to be found in two separate acts of 1907
 While we appropriate public money most liberally to promote tho education Of law yers and doctors, let us not forget that Gods chosen statesman was a very learned man. Who was Moses? A man learned in all the wisdom of the Egyp- tians, learned in Chaldiao, Greek and Assyrian lore. Within the present decade, in the old kingdom of Babylonia, ex- plorations of ruins have brought to view laws contemporary with Abraham and from these 1t is seen that Moses drew largely when writing laws for the chil- dren of Israel.
 Let the state provide a political liter ature, as 1t has a political code which shall stand as a liberal education in tho science of free government. Only the one work is needed, an intelligent history of the rise and career of the Southern Con- fedsracy.
 It is said the last discharge of tM enemys artillery at Appomattox wounded fatally a soldier from Montgomery. The last discharge of artillery of sherrnan's army was aimed at Gen. W. W. Allen and staff of Montgomery. Tn the last fighting of the Army of Tennessee an Aabanlian commanded and an Alabamian was then and there killed. the last man killed in that army.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1909-06-27

that conclusion because I never knew a man chrlstened "F'inis" whose father did not belong to that sect. There was a noted minister of the gospel of that name who was active in the wonderful revival of 1903 in southern Kentucky, and he was one of the founders of the Cumberland Presbyterian church.
 MT Garrett was born In 1875 and edu- cated in the common schools and at Me Kenzie college, graduating in 1897. He then taught school and studied law under the instruction and in the office of Charles NJ Ewing and came to the bar in 1899 He practiced his profession dili- gently and with success until 1904, when he was nominated for Congress by the de- mocracy of the Ninth Tennessee district. It was a remarkable tribute to the young man, then under 30. for he beat Rice A. Pierce in a blanket primary $500 votes in a total of 1900O. Rice Pierce was not only a veteran politician but he had served ii years in Congress, where he became a conspicuous figure and trusted leader. But where the young man discovers more than ordinary capacity he always has ad- vantage over an older competitor. The Ben1amin of the family Is ever the favor ite.
 Young Garrett took his seat in the House upon the assembling of the Fifty ninth Congress in 1905 and has been twice reelected. He is a man of pleas ant manners and engaging address, with
The Birmingham age-herald., 1909-06-27
DOLIvER OF IOWA.
Entitled to Great Credit for Exposure
 of Tariff Inlqultles.v

From the Kansas City Star.
 If tho Payne-Aldrich tariff bill becomes law in its present or similar form, the enactment will not be accomplished with out an exposure of it's outrageous favors for the trusts, its repudiation of the promises of both parties. and its probabls effect in maintaining or raising the pres ent cost of living.
 The odium of such performance will, of course. attach primarily to the domi- nant party. which. however. has been aided very largely by protection demo- crats, who have disregarded utterly the traditional policies and specific declara- tions of their party.
 The country probably will be indebted for this exposure to Senator Deliver, of Iowa, more than to any other one man. Mr. Deliver has not made an absolutely clean record in his voting on the sched- ules, but he has adhered strongly to the general promise of revision downward without discrediting the fundamentals of protection-which, fundamental. as hs has pointed out, have been secured by modern practice.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1909-06-27
TH HE following paragraph comes
 from the "Religious Herald" of 4 Richmond Va:

T HE following paragraph comes
 from the "Religious Herald" of
 Richmond, Va.
 Tn our graded schools the class in spelling and defining is not usually supposed to hold very advanced posi- ton, and yet defining when properly considered, Is no easy task. Indeed, there are few things that so severely tax the high est powers of men as does the task of defining either words or things. When the famous philosopher, John Locke, first turned his acute in- tellect to speculations upon the nature and powers of the human understand ing, he discovered that what we now call psych ology was a very dim and misty region, in which he confessed that 1t was exceedingly difficult to reach anything like definite results. It was characteristic of such a man to ask himself the question, Why is this SOP And, upon @ serious consideration of this question, he became satisfied that the difficulty originated in confusion of terms; 1. e., from using terms with out settling upon any distinct mean ing. In other words, the trouble arose from the lack of definitions"
 What do you do when you define" a thing? Strictly and logically speak ing, you mark 1t off-separate it from all other things In order to do this correctly you must state all the ele-