davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The new era., 1909-05-20

road soon becomes water soaked. The
crown can be too great, SO that the
traffic keeps continually in the middle
Of the road, wearing the middle out
hollow and retaining the water until
evaporation takes place. instead Of
shedding 1t into the bitches. Again,
II the earth is piled too high in the
middle the side slopes will be washed
into the side bitches, which not only
damages the road but fills up the side
bitches. The crown should be more
on steep grades than on the more
level portions. since on the grades the
line of steepest descent is not per-
pendicular to length of the road, and
consequently the water, in getting
from the center of the road to the
side bitches, travels obliquely down
the road grade, instead OF following
the track and washing the hill length
wise.
Another cause of failure is the want
of thorough mixing. There may be a
proper amount of sand and clay placed
upon the road, yet If it is not thor
oughly puddled and mixed to satura-
tion in every place the road Is not
likely to withstand public traffic. It
will become loose in some places and
muddy in others. Such variations may
occur every few feet, and even at the
same place, one wheel track being In
loose sand and the other in mud.
Where this condition occurs more
good, tough clay should be incorpo-
rated in the first and more sharp sand
in the second section
Frost is another cause of failure
and one more difficult to deal with
than any heretofore mentioned, and
should be treated, when the founda-
tion is wet, with tile.
Failure is sometimes due to the
kind of sand selected None except
The new era., 1909-05-20

sand made up Of angular grains is
adapted to sand-clay road making.
Sand with grains which are worn off
round or sand which has been ground
up by the action of wheels or water
until very fine is unsatisfactory and
often worthless. When the road sur
face becomes worn and dusty in dry
weather or muddy in wet weather
there should be added more good,
tough clay and coarse, sharp sand,
which will add cementing material
and may be made hard by sprinkling
and rolling or by dragging with road
drag after every heavy, long-continued
rain just as the material begins to
dry sufficiently to work smooth under
the drag. The use of round sand
should be avoided, as a perfect bond
cannot be effective and the road can.
not resist the rolling action of wheels,
the tendency being much the same as
when pressure is applied to mass
of marbles. Care should always be
taken to select the sharpest and clean.
est sand that can be found.
Clays containing iron and lime are
the best and sedimentary or chalky
clays, as they are commonly known,
are the poorest for road-building pur.
poses, because of the fact that this
particular clay has rarely iron or lime
sufficient to cement or bind the mate
rial together.
The new era., 1909-05-20
GREAT CONGRESS OF PEACE
WORKERS HELD In CHICAGO
Thousands of the Opponents of Warfare, Including Many
Distinguished Diplomats and Statesmen Gather to
Discuss Disarmament and Worldwide
Arbitration.

Chicago.-Every civilized country on
the globe was represented in the Sec
ond National Peace Congress. which
began here Monday. The gathering
was the greatest of its kind ever held
in America. and brought to Chicago
some $4,000 persons who are jealous
workers in the cause Of worldwide
peace. Among these were eminent
statesmen and diplomats Of this and
other nations. Unfortunately, official
duties prevented both President Taft.
the honorary president, and Secretary
of War Dickinson, the president of the
congress, from being present.
On Sunday there were special serv-
peace meetings under the auspices of
socialist and labor organizations, and
large mass meeting which was ad
dressed by President Schurman of
Cornell university. Rev. jenkins Lloyd
Jones and DR.. Emil G. Hirsch of Chi
cago.
Welcome to the Congress.
Orchestra hall was filled to the
limit Monday when the first session
was called to order by Robert Treat
Paine Of Boston, the presiding officer,
for governors. mayors and hundreds of
clubs had been asked to appoint dele
gates. and most of them had re-
sponded. President Dickinson's ad-
dress, the same he delivered several
weeks age before the Hamilton club.
was read, and the congress was then
formally 'velcomed by Gov. Charles S.
Deneen for the state, Mayor Fred A.
Busse for the city and Rev. A. Eugene
Bartlett chairman of the reception
committee. The secretary then read
brief latter from President Taft. In
which the chief executive heartily
commended the aims of the congress.
Miss Anna B. Eckstein of Boston
next vas introduced to the meeting
and lead a "World Petition to the
Thir Hague Conference" This was
The new era., 1909-05-20

followed by an address by DR.. Benja-
min F. Trueblood, secretary of the
American Peace Society, on "The Pres
ont Position Of the Peace Movement"
What Has Been Accomplished.
DR.. Trueblood said in part:
Let me sketch In the barest out
lines what has already been accom-
plished. The Interpretation will take
care of itself
II. The men and women, now a
great host, who believe that the day
is past when blind brute force should
direct the policies of nations and pre-
side at the settlement of their diff
ferences, are now thoroughly organ
lied. A hundred years ago there was
not a society In existence organized
to promote appeal to the forum of
reason and right in the adjustment of
international controversies. To-day
there are more than 500, nearly
every important nation having
its group of peace organizations. Their
constituents are numbered by tens of
thousands, from every rank and class
in society-philanthro men of
trade and commerce, educators and
jurists, workingmen, statesmen, rulers
even.
"The organized peace party has Its
International Peace bureau at Berne,
Switzerland. binding all its sections
into one world body. 1t has its Inter
national Peace congress which has
held II meetings in 20 years-con-
crosses over which statesmen now feel
1t an honor to preside and which are
welcomed by kings and presidents.
with warmth of interest and gen.
erousness of hospitality scarcely ac-
corded to any other organizations. It
has its great national congresses In
many countries, like this present one,
and that in Carnegie hall, New York,
two years ago; and Its special confer
ence like that at Mohonk lake. 1t has
its unsurpassed banquets and festi-
walls, like that given to the Seven.
teenth International Peace congress
by the British government In London
last July, and those recently given by
the Peace society of the city of New
York.
Triumph Of Arbitration.
III. The position which the peace
movement has reached is no less dis.
tinctly determined by the practical at
tainments of arbitration. We are this
year celebrating what is really the
one hundredth anniversary of the birth
Of cur movement, for 1t was In 1909
that David l.. Dodge, a Christian mer.
chant OF New York city, wrote the
pamphlet which brought the move
The new era., 1909-05-20
RASH ALL OVER BOYS BODY.
Awful, crusted, Weeping Eczema on
Little Sufferer-A Score of Treat.
ments Prove Dismal Failures.
Cure Achieved by cuticura.

my little boy had an awful rash all
over his body and the doctor said 1t
was eczema. 1t was terrible, and used
to water awfully. Any place the water
went 1t would form another sore and 1t
would become crusted. A score or
more physicians failed utterly and dis
mally in their efforts to remove the
trouble. Then l was told to use the
Cuticura Remedies. I got a cake Of
Cuticura Soap, a box Of Cuticura Oint-
ment and bottle of Cuticura Re-
solvent, and before we had used half
the Resolvent could see change In
him. In about two months he was en-
tirely well. George F. Lambert, 139
West Centre ST., Mahanoy City, Pa,
Sept. &c and Nov. 4, 1907"
Potter Drug Il Chem. Corp, Sole Props. Boston
The new era., 1909-05-20
A little slim.

Rev. Mr.. Spicer had for three days
enjoyed the telephone which had been
his last gift from an admiring parish
ioner. He had been using it imme-
diately before going to church.
When the time came for him to an
nounce the first hymn. he rose, and
with his usual impressive manner,
read the words. Then in a crisp. firm
tone, he said: Let us all unite in
hymn six double o, sing three
Youths Companion.
The new era., 1909-05-20
Deafness Cannot Be Cured

BY local applications. they cannot reach the dis
eased portion OF the ear. There Is only way 70
cure Deafness and that by constitutional remedies
Deafness Is caused by innamed condition OF the
mucous lining Of the Eustachian Tube. When this
tube b innamed you have rumbling sound or I'M
perfect hearing. and when 1t Is entirely closed. Deaf
meas u the result and unless the Inflammation bo
taken out and this tube restored to Its normal condI-
ton. hearing will be destroyed forever: nine cases
out Of ten arc caused by Catarrh. which Is nothing
but an nflamed condition OF the mucous surfaces.
We will give Ono Hundred Dollars for any OF
Deafness Caused by catarrh) that cannot be cured
ey Halls Catarrh Cure. Send for circulars. free
F. J. CHENEY Il CO.. Toledo, O
Bold by Druggists. 75c.
Take Halls Family Pills for constipation.
The new era., 1909-05-20

The Value Of Cow Peas.-They can
be grown as far north as Dent corn
can be grown, and on land SO poor tha,
clover would not catch at ALL They
are called the poor mans clover" be-
cause you can get such quick results
A crop Of COW peas can be grown in
three months. and 1t will be fully equal
to two years crop OF clover You
can SOW the peas any time from MAY
to August and can get good big crot
following an early crop taken Off in
June or July. Plowed under after the
first frost, they will leave the ground
in elegant shape for crop next year
The seed costs about $3.50 per bushel
and should be drilled in at the rate OF
one-half bushel per acre.
The new era., 1909-05-20

Seed testing Is so simple that there
is really no reason why every farmer
should not make test Of portion of
any crop that he intends to plant.
Many crops fail because the seed is
poor. Where person tests the seed
before planting he has reasonable as.
surance of just what he can expect
Where the terminating quality of
the seed is questionable and the fact
Is found out in time it is a compare.
lively simple matter to reject it and
replace with other seed as compared
with the expense and difficulty of ma.
king such a change after the seed is
planted.
In making tests Of seed 1t is always
well to make a selection OF average
quality. In this way the test Is not
likely to be deceptive by indicating un.
warranted results in terminating quail.
ity.
The new era., 1909-05-20
NEW STRENGTH FOR OLD BACKS.
No Need to Suffer Every Day from
Backache.
Mrs. Joannah Straw, 526 North
Broadway, Canton, 8. D., says: For

three years / suf-
I ere d everything
with rheumatism In
my limbs and a dull,
ceaseless aching in
my back. l was
W e a k, la n guid.
broken with head
aches and dizzy
spells, and the kid
ney secretlons were
thick with solids. !
was really in a crit
The new era., 1909-05-20
Vases In Autos.

Vases Of flowers have for somu
time been an adjunct of the closed au-
tomobile. Now some smart broughams
have vase Of flowers beside each
door. The hanging vases Of Japanese
porcelain are the favorites. though the
metal cases into which vase slips are
also used
The new era., 1909-05-20

ical condition when began with
Doan's Kidney Pills, and they certain
ly did wonders for me. Though am
81 years old, 1 am as well as the aver
age woman Of so. work well, eat
well and sleep we'll"
Sold by all dealers. SO cents q box.
Foster-Milburn Co., Buffalo, N. Y.
The new era., 1909-05-20

Take Garfield Tea! Made of Herbs, it is
pure, potent, health giving-the most ra.
tional remedy for constipation, liver and
kidney diseases. At all drug stores.
The new era., 1909-05-20
Dull.

There goes the dullest man In
town"
"Is that so?"
"Yes; he's the only man l know
that hasn't first-rate solution OF the
street car problem. Free
Press.
The new era., 1909-05-20

When the thief has no opportunity
70 steal he considers himself an hon
est man.
The new era., 1909-05-20
PROOF POSITIVE.

DO you really love me, George?"
Didn't you give me this tie, dear?"
"Yes. love. Why?"
We'll. amt wearing it?"
The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1909-01-06
MUNICIPAL
APPROPRIATIONS

AS for the municipal appropriation
bill, which has been criticized" Su-
pervisor Logan says, 'it is practically
a copy Of the late county's scale of
expenditures.
When Girst drafted it gave a small
surplus with the revenue in sight, but
some necessary expenses outside of the
usual ones were found to have been
omitted. These include premiums on
official bonds. which are paid only
once for the two years and will not
appear in future bills. Among other
items added are those for witness fees
and inquests.
The reason for some haste in the
matter is the fact that the law re-
quires advertising the bill five days
after introduction, and the laborers
having to be paid the middle of the
month there is no time to spare. It
is to save expense in advertising that
a blanket bill for six months was
adopted. Maximum estimates of items
were taken because. owing to the
change from county to municipality,
there will be somewhat heavier call
on incidentals the first month than in
later ones, and 1t is undesirable to
have special resolutions for expendi-
lures dribbling in all the time.
1t is to be remembered that the six
months appropriation bill is merely a
working basis. The actual voting of
money will be done on carefully scru-
tinized accounts rendered and esti-
otes of expenditures will be made
from month to month for each sue
ceeding month the same as under the
county"
The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1909-01-06

!, His action last night in refusing to
act as chairman of the board at a reg
Iular meeting for the transaction of
regular business is declared by some
to be laying him open to impeachment
and if he keeps it up, this proposition
may develop.
The Office of the Road Department
is in an actual state of siege today. If
one wishes TO transact business, there
is a window open, but even this is
carefully watched by a couple of stout
Republican guards who see that no in
truders enter. The door is carefully
locked and Republican Road Super
visor Tom Cummins and his Office
force hold the fort while Democratic
Road Supervisor Wilson and his CO.
horts sit outside on table discussing
the ways and means through which
they expect to win out Princess
Theresa Wilcox spent most of the
morning acting as the guide and coun-
cilless for the Democratic legions.
At the stables of the Road Depart
ment the same state of things exists.
The Republican forces are in charge
and keep all intruders at bay Most
of the animals are in their stalls eat
ing their heads off and hoping that a
compromise will never be reached OF
that the matter will be taken through
to the United States Supreme Court
in order that their vacation may be
further prolonged.
Cummins stated this morning that he
= had sent one small road gang out in
addition to the men of the street clean
, ing and sprinkling gangs. These mer
| went to Center street TO complete the
last part of the work which was com
menced under the orders of the ole
: Board of Supervisors. He proposes
J to hold on to his job just as long a.
; he can. Neither side has any idea il
regard to what steps will be taken tC
end the deadlock, both relying on thu
party leaders to give advice which
would mean their jobs without opposi
ton.
The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1909-01-06
SUPERVISORS WERE
ENTIRELY WITHIN
STATUTORY POWERS

In answer to the letter from Mayor
Fern asking many questions in regard
to the recent deadlock County Attor-
ney John W. Cathcart has written a
long reply, in which the Supervisors
actions are upheld all through . Ac-
oording to the County Attorney Fern
has usurped the authority of the
Board in the appointments that he has
made and gone much further than the
power given him in the County Act.
The important points in his letter are
as follows:
Hon. Joseph j. Fern, Mayor of the
City and County of Honolulu.
"Sir:-In replying to your letter of
the 5th inst, asking my advice upon
certain points. would respectfully
premise by saying that it would be
disingenuous in me to affect to be-
lieve that your request for my advice
is dictated by any bona fide desire
to know or to follow my opinion on
the contraction of the Jaw involved
Your failure to seek my advice here
tofore; the time at which you pre-
sented your letter to me,-during the
session of the Board last evening". the
manner of s""i presentation,-ha
ing it to me at tne Board meeting, and
at the same time giving copy to the
Clerk and directing him to read it
publicly; the form in which you pre-
sent the questions on which you ask
my inion,-being In the nature of
controversial argument in favor of
the construction fthe law already
made by You or your advisors, and
bearing evidence of being prepared by
a trained lawyer; all these decisively
show that whatever the purpose of
submitting to me your request for ad-
vice, it is certainly not done with the
intention of being guided by my an
swer. However, / am perfectly will
ing that you should be informed of my
construction of the law involved in
The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1909-01-06
NEW SCHOOL

Superintendent of Public Works
Marston Campbell has completed an
estimate made at the request of Su-
perintendent of Education Ba6Ntt
for the building and equipment of a
manual training school for the boys
in the Kalihi Home, who were brought
down from Molokai last year. The
very best of tools are provided for
in the estimate, 1t being considered
that this Is a matter of economy,
cheaper tools meaning a continued
source of expense. The estimate in
round figures is $4,000 for a build
ing and little over $4,000 for tools.
The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1909-01-06

the several points that your letter
raises.
"In my opinion, under the NUM-
cipal Act, the Charter OF the City and
County of Honolulu took effect at noon
on the 4th day of January, 1909, and
was not in effect in the month of
December, 1908.
I'm reference to your reuest for my
opinion, as to the effect of the reso-
luton of the Board of Supervisors OF
the County of Oahu to which you re-
fer, upon appointments made by you,
would say that, whatever might be
the object of the provisions OF Sec
tion 146, it's own provisions and a con-
struction of the entire Charter render
it imperative. In other words, the
Charter evidences the unskilled hand
of the craftsman, and no construction
thereof, as a whole can, in my op-
inion, render the Section on which
you have relied in making your ap-
pointments operative"
Continuing, the opinion says that
the late county supervisors certainly
had right to abolish offices they had
established; that there is nowhere in
the municipal act anything giving the
mayor the power to appoint officers
without confirmation by the supervi-
sors and as to appointment of officers
whose election or appointment was
not otherwise provided for, Cathcart
says: No possible construction Of
law could make officers out OF bahd
masters, lamp repairers, line men,
lamp trimmers, dynamo men, as.
sistant dynamo men, pound mas.
ters. keepers of parks. chain
men. collectors of garbage, lunas,
book-keepers and time keeprs, steno-
graphers and clerk. foremen, watch.
men, stable watchmen, men to take
up estrays. road lunas stable lunas.
blacksmiths. stable men, laborers on
The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1909-01-06
RUM TO
Be MADE
SERRAO LIQUOR COMPANY
STARTS NEW USE OF MOLASS-
ES FROM PLANTATION.

The Serrao Liquor Company, q
Hilo, has already started on what APP
Iears to be an innovation in the sugar
business in this Territory. Permis-
sion has been obtained through the
IntcInai Revenue office for the install
la ION OF a small distilling plant which
Will manufacture about thirty gallons
of rum per day. Molasses from the
Waiahea Plantation will be used to
make the ium in the main, but it =
also expected that some of the liquor
viii be made from pure cane JUICE.
The liquor company expects 10 bJy
The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1909-01-06
Fern Wants To
Get More Advice

Light seems to be breaking in the
deadlock between the Mayor and the
six Republican Supervisors. It is un-
derstood that Mayor Fern is willing
to agree to a compromise, but will not
take any steps in this line without
consulting the attorneys who have
been acting as his advisors. The
meeting this afternoon will be con
Quoted as were the first two, Fern re-
fusing to put motions and then watch
ing them offered three times and pass
ed by the Republican members.
1t is possible and indeed quite pro-
bable, that a compromise may be
reached during the evening or tomor-
row which will straighten out all the
difficulties. Both the Supervisors and
Fern desire to see this end reached
and all depends on Ferns advisors.
The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1909-01-06

DO BUSINESS
WITHOUT MAYOR

At last nights meeting of the Board
of Supervisors the Board did most of
its business without a presiding off,
Ger. Fern declining in most cases to
put motions. Government was not at
a standstill, for the board did its busi-
ness without Fern. A great crowd
gathered at the meeting, and it was
painfully apparent to the crowd that
the mayor was in the character of a
mere dummy. He took whispered in
structions from secretary Rhodes ev-
cry time before opening his mouth,
and his answers to questions put to
him by members of the Board were
read from slips of paper, on which
The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1909-01-06
ALL ANXIOUS TO REACH AGREEMENT
NO THREAT
70 RHODES

There was no threat to Private
Secretary Rhodes in the caution 1
threw out to Mayor Fern last. night
on his blocking of City and County
Attorney Cathcarts Office staff ap-
pointments, Supervisor Logan says.
81 used the plural word 'subordn-
ates, having in mind an outside dis
cussion on the assistants the Mayor
would probably want in his office.
Also at the moment it flashed on
me that | had heard a suggestion an
hour or two before that the supervis-
orial majority ought to check Mr.
Rhodes in his open intervention in
the proceedings.
The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1909-01-06

James Merseberg, one of the most
capable roadmakers of this city, was
let out by his cousin, Thos. P. Cum
Minis; the road supervisor this morning
from the job of experimenting the
work on Kalakaua avenue. Merseberg,
who handled the paving OF Queen
street, attributes his dismissal to
Cummins' jealosy of Merseberg's en-
dorsement by the Republican County
Committee as a candidate for road SUI
pervisor of Honolulu.
The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1909-01-06

Neither side in the city and county
muddle seems anxious to take the ini-
tiative in going into court to settle
the matters at issue, but there is
move on today looking to a compro-
mise, which is being strongly urged
by influential leaders on both sides of
the fence. The board meets at three
this afternoon
Political leaders of both parties ap-
pear to favor compromise agreement
rather than a continuation of the pres
ent conditions of doubt According to
some, the present system might con.
tinue indefinitely, the Republican mem
bers of the board continuing to trans
! act business as they did last night
by putting their own motions wheI
the mayor refuses to put motions.
On the other hand, it is reported
a test might come when the first war
rant under the city and county wai
presented for payment. Treasurer
Trent might refuse to pay the war.
rant, or proceedings might be brought
to stop it's payment.
There has also been talk of impeach
ment proceedings against the mayor
The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1909-01-06
naval WHARF May
SINK UNDER STRAIN

Why was the United States Army
transport Sheridan yesterday docked
at the Oceanic wharf. And why have
the naval wharves been sighted of late
in the matter of accommodating army
vessels?
These are questions asked on the
waterfront and the answer is that the
Naval wharves must be repaired before
they can be used again.
Naval wharf No. 1 is unsafe, dan,
gerous, and any considerable weight is