The Washington herald., 1909-04-27

Begging support for his income-tax
amendment 10 the Payne-AIdrich tariff
till and reviewing the nations system,
Of taxation since its beginning. sena-
tor Joseph W Bailey. Of Texas. yester-
day spoke for more than TWO hours be-
fore the largest crowd seen in the Sen
ate chamber this session
Nearly every Senator was in his seal
when Senator Bailey took the floor.
and remained until his remarks were
concluded
Many members Of the House OF
Representatives crowded around the
walls. and the galleries were packed TO
their capacity. At times the spectators
in the gallery broke into applause as
eaust'c sentences were spoken BY the
Texan and The Vice President had TO
caution them that they must not show
approval OF 1isapprovaI Of anything
said by q speaker.
Senator Bailey was in especially good
voice. despite his recent illness. and
reminded those who heard him Of the
days when he said things on the aOor
Of the House and later in the Senate
that made his sdverxaries 20 home and
think it over.
Republican Party's stand.
At times he bordered on viTioIc
tones in telling OF the stand OF the Re
publican party on the protective sys-
TEN. and then. in that ironical. symps-
thctic manner so peculiar to him. hs
added sentences that made the sting
lingcr
Senator Bailey was good nstursd all
through his speech. however, and az
though he was interrupted time and
again. he showed no evidence Of annoy
auce. and not once was he led from the
speech he had mapped out. His address
was not from manCscript-he seldom
speaks from copy-but was more on the
stump speech order. that has made him
a national figure
Al the outset or his speech. Senator
BaHey declared The apportionment OF d.
rect taxes in proportion 20 population
Nas fundamental and that an amend
ment 70 the Constitution was out OF the
question
He declared a customs tarin mad come
70 stay; that in LAYING it protection 10
Industry was necessary. and one TO which
the Democrats were not opposed. pro
vided the protection did not -sa into
special privileges.
The question. said Mr. BsHey. is
whether the customs duty should be laid
for revenue with incidental protesticn.
o. whether 1t should be laid 10 benefit
a favored industry al the expense Of the
rest OF the country.
An Attractive Ruse
'The suggestion that duty Is laid 70
protect the home manufacturers against
foreigners Is attractive. Il appeals 20
the average man. no matter who he Is
But the words that appeal have been
used te coax. and the favored few OF the
country are the Winners and the great
common. people thelOsers.
senator Bailey asserted the effect OF
the protective system was 10 enable the
American manufacturer TO charge higher
prices for his wares. and ne said the
higher prices were forced from the con-
sUme-. He said the ancient justification
Of protection was that It was necessary
To develop domestic industry
He declared NJ had never been able 10
distinguish between protective tariff and
q bounty. The only difference was as 70
the method. One was direct and the
other indirect
Nv declared his opposition 70 the pro-
tective tariff systera. and said he sub
mitted an alternative Ito lift from ths
backs Of the consumer and ToTkinEmen
OF the country and lay il upon the easy
carriages Of those who do not need TO
work.
Mr.. Bailey Ventured 10 assert that tbs
Senate bill rates could be cut in half Il
his income tax amendment wers adopted.
The Senator reminded his colleagues
that there was a time when the income
tax VAS denounced as a scheme % rs-
distribute the wealth Of the country,
bat Senator Al6rich had stated his OBJ
jectioas 10 the pending proposal for sn
income tax on the ground solely that II
was not ne eGeu- lie charged mat Mr.
Aldrich's tempered opposition was a con
ceSsicn 10 many OF his Republican col
leagues who are in favor OF an income
tax. To these dissenters the argument
that the tax was not needed was the
best argument 10 make
The Senator said he believed Il wiser
to reduce customs duties and the prices
TO censum. rs and TO raise needed reve-
nue. By the ircome tax Even x the pend
ing bill would raise al the revenue need
ed. Mr. Bailey said be would still impose
the direct tax and scale downsduties gen
ersisy.
smith Asks Question
Senator smith. Of Michigan, asked Mr
Bailey II he had taken into account the
effect such reduction would have upon
American labor
Mr. Bailey replied he hsd taken that
into consideration. and ventursd the as
sersion that the Iaborers Of the United
states. as a class. we're not better paid
than we're the lsbcrers IN other countries.
4 coIloguial argument between Sena-
tors Bailey and Smith followed. during
which Mr. Smith ascribed the condition
Of American laborers TO the protective
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