davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1909-07-14

on which money is printed has to be
dampened before it takes the impress
sion of the hand press, SO that when
1t comes out 1t is not sized covered
with glossy surface as the result of q
bath in glutinous substance). These
treasury notes were issued just as
they came from the press. AS a result
the fbers soon began to break through
the surface of the paper, and as each
bit Of fiber dropped from the bill the
ink began to fade, 80 that within two
weeks after the first bill wsa issued
the treasury had to begin to redeem
the tattered notes and issue new ones.
1t was then that a committee appoint
ed to examine into methods of the
treasury department suggested that
all paper on which banknotes were
printed should be resized after print
ing. Mr.. Eldridge was the aggressive
factor in this particular reform. and
it is to him that the present pleasing
appearance of our paper money is
due.
Prior TO the completion of the new
vault the emergency currency was
stored In the basement Of the Union
Trust Company, at the corner of Fif-
teenth and H streets, N. w. The first
few millions that we're received were
placed in large iron vault, but when
carloads OF money began to arrive
this vault with a capacity Of mere
forty millions soon overfiowed. and then
this enormous wealth was stacked on
the door in ordinary wooden boxes,
which any hatchet could have knocked
to smithereens. This seemed an
awful risk for the government to take.
but there was nothing else to be done.
A tiny dynamite cartridge discharged
IN a little areaway in the rear Of the
bank building would have blown a
hole in the cellar walls that would
have barred to view wealth OF which
solomon "in all his glory" could not
have dreamed, and which would have
made naughty Croesus green with
envy In order to meet this danger
the government employed ten extra
watchman, who patrolled the streets
and alleys in the neighborhcod Of the
Union Trust building for nine months.
day and night. These watchmen were
only dropped from the pay ren OF the
treasury on May 10. when the new
vault was turned over to the govern
ment by the contractors.
Forced Change In Steel Plates.
But the division Of issue was not
the only branch Of the government
which found itself extremely busy
after the passage Of the emergency
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1909-07-14

pended with whiting or wilted leaves.
not yet dislodged by the wind The
pieces on the ground, when examined,
exhibit a clean cut or break at the
large end, and II one cuts into the
twig with knife a whitish worm is
disclosed lying in the burrow thus
opened This is the larva of the oak
pruner, which when full grown Is a
little more than one-half inch long,
and transforms into blackish or
brownish beetle of about the same
length.
The life history Of this pest is such,
evidencing apparently marvellous in
stinct, that it commands our adniFa-
ton. The female beetle. according to
Fitch, normally lays her eggs in
spring or summer on green suceu-
lent twig In an angle between leaf
twig and leaf stalk This action af-
fords the young tender food of the
right nature, easily obtained AS the
larva grows older It works into the
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1909-07-14
the Surplus
Wealth Of
Uncle Sam

stantly set on in an adjoining build
ing. where watchmen are constantly
on gsard And to make sure that this
electrical appartus is working proper
~ there is "buzzer' which goes of
every is minutes inside the vault. II
Ike warning apparatus is not working
properly this buzzer will be thrown
out OF commission and the watchmen
Will be Immediately notified.
Cannot Tsmper with Cables.
but what II the cables connecting
the vault with the watchmen's room
should be cut?" Mr.. Eldridge was
asked. The reply was that any tam.
pering with the cable would have the
same effect upon the alarm system as
II the vault itself had been attacked.
This enormous vault, whose roof is
on level with the pavement, has a
perfect system OF ventilation by great
driving and suction fans, which are
turned on when the vault is opened,
so that the air is fresh and cool at all
times. 1t Is lighted by electricity, the
%AGANtA4S RtA6 bVaA6 put III HAAlt' OkAiy
after the vault door Is opened.
One Of the marvels OF the yault is
the vault door. complicated mass of
gray steel Weighing seven tons. but SO
wonderfully balanced on ball-bearing
hinges that It can be opened without
effort. 1t has four combinations. and
no one man in the employ Of the gov
ernment knows them. Two men know
two Of them. and two others the re-
naming two, SO that in order to un-
lock the money chamber at least two
persons must be present. The door
is. of course. equipped with the time
lock device. which Is now In use on
all first-class safes. But even entrance
through the vault door sets on the
alarm In the watchmen's room 1t is
necessary. therefore, to supply the
watchmen's department with a sched-
ule showing at what hour the vault
will be opened and at what hour 1t
will be closed The vault, according
to the schedule. must not be opened
before s45 in the morning. and it
must be closed before FIVE every night.
oId-Fashioned Elevator.
The only way to reach the vault is
by way of tiny hydraulic elevator.
which is protected by an iron door.
opening almost at the elbow Of the
chief OF the division of issues, who
keeps the key in his desk This eie-
vator car was barely large enough to
carry Mr. Eldridge. the newspaper
man. and a photographer down to the
vault II is operated by the old-fash-
ioned rope-pulling device and is the
most prosaic road to millions imagin-
able.
On June Is. the morning on which
the photograph from which we got
the illustration was taken, the vault
contained 5000. .1s9.s10. in the follow
ing denominations: $77.516,Sc0 in
fives. s210.0l1 800 in tens and twen-
ties. $685. 200 in tens. and SIS. 5.415,750
in fifties and one hundreds. The
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1909-07-14

cilities come to the fore. In fine
weather the bali expands to the full,
but when rain approaches it shuts like
an umbrella. II the weather is in
clined to be showery. it keeps shut all
the time, only opening when the dan
ger from the wet is past.
The ordinary clover and all its vari-
eties, including the trefoiI and the
shamrock, are also barometers. When
rain is coming the leaves shut togeth.
er like the shells OF an oyster and do
not open again until fine weather Is
assured. For day or two before rain
comes their stems swell to an appre-
ciable extent and stiifen SO that the
leaves are borne more upright than
usual. This stem swelling when rain
is expected is a feature of many flow
ering grasses.
The fingers OF which the leaves of
the horse chestnut are made up keep
fiat and fanlike so long as fine
weather is likely to continue. With
the coming OF rain, however, they
droop as IL to offer less resistance 10
the weather. The scarlet pimpernel is
nicknamed the poor mans weather
glass or wind cope. and opens its
flowers only In fine weather AS soon
as rain is In the air it shuts up and
remains closed until the shower or
storm is over.
The common garden convolvulus
crumples up Its delicate blossoms
within the space Of half an hour il
rain drops are on the way, and ii
keeps them thus until the bad wealth.
er has passed.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1909-07-14

however, we are led to believe thai
such may not always be the case.
Our attention was called by cor
respondent last August to the fact
that many fallen twigs examined con-
tanned no worms. Later, in Septenl-
ber, we noted this also, and were
not able to find single larva in any
twigs examined, large number being
cut open for examination.
This can hardly be accounted for
by the work of insectivorous birds,
since they would be unable to reach
them in their burrows In any event
the larva is in its burrow, when. the
ltwig first falls and can then be easi-
ly cared for We therefore suggest
the following remedy:
Collect and burn all twigs cut on
by this insect as soon as they are
found ON the ground in July or Aug
ust. Do not leave this work until the
following spring.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1909-07-14
|RAVACES OF BLACK BEETLE
AMONG SHADE TREES
WatchfuI Care In Summer When Destructive
Laying Their Eggs May
imbe


However desirable 1t may be to have
a judicious pruning of our oaks. we
can hardly trust to beetles to DO the
work as we wish Il done. and during
the summer Of 1908 Elaphidion GER
tainly exceeded the limit and caused
much anxiety to owners of oak trees in
various parts Of the country. Further,
SINCE 1t sometimes attacks the apple
and other quite valuable trees, 1t calls
for some attention.
During July enc -ay observe fbB-
meath oak trees many fancn twigs and
IN some instances small branches,
with leaves still attached and gener-
ally withered. though sometimes still
green. A glance into the tree will re-
veal possibly other twigs hanging sus-
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1909-07-14

older wood At this time the worm
is about half grown.
According to the above writer ana
others, this iarva needs moisture TO
go through with. its transformations
to- the pulpal and later to the imag6
stage. This evidently II could not
obtain IL the twig remaPed' on taa
tree. II therefore proceeds to CIT
of the twig which has afforded it 4
home SO that this win lie on the
moist earth during the autumn and
winter This is a very nice operation.
evidencing apparently. as stated
above, remarkable instinct.
Fitch claims that the entire larval
and pulpal stage In passed within the
twig. From personal observations,
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1909-07-14

the emergency currenc,
IVA act last May authorizing
the controller OF currencJ
w TO have printed emergenc,
currency to the value oI
one-half OF the amount oI
government bonds owned by the ma
tional banks throughout the country
condition was created--and a very
serious condition--which nobody real
ized SO fully as Watson w. Eldrtdge
chief Of the division of issues under
the currency bureau. For this vast
sum. about $4s0.000.O00, was to be
placed in his hands for safe keeping
as Is all the national bank currency.
AT the time Of the passage of this
act there was on hand in the vaults
ON the second floor OF the Treasury
building in Washington about $780,
100000 Of national banknotes, as a
working stock" This quantity OF pa.
per money was about all that these
two vaults would hold. So when the
bureau OF printing and engraving.
after sending out G. Q. ID. summons
for all the expert engrayers IN the
country to come to Washington and
aid in altering the steel plates, to
comply with the new law, began to
send the emergency currency in dray-
loads to Mr.. Eldridge. that trusted
guardian Of the nations wealth be-
gan to spend the most uneasy nights
In all his 40 years service in the
treasury department and 20 years in
his present position.
The money continued to pour In.
not In thousands and hundreds or
thousands. put In millions. II was the
most unwelcome money ever unload
ed upon man working for salary
New Vault Made Necessary.
When things reached crisis an
order was given for a vault to hold
this emergency currency. vault
which would make all previously
manufactured safes look like pocket
savings banks. for the new structure
of steel was to be thin shells be-
tween inconceivable wealth and
thieves who were ready to break in
and steal. and the corruption Of fire,
earthquakes. and devastation of any
other character. II must be vault,
SO the treasury Aofiicials specified,
capable Of holding the vastest sum OF
money ever stored In one place, five
hundred millions.
The order was given and the safe
makers set to work. To-day the vault
stands completed. as witnessed by
the accompanying illustration. the
first which the government has al
lowed to be taken OF this vault. There
are stored in the steel pigeonholes a
little more than 10000. 900 OF bank.
notes and the remaining millions arc
being stored away as fast as they can
be counted in the big Offices above
the level OF the street.
The new vault. which was built at
a cost OF $4,000. is a two-story struc:
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1909-07-14

Peasants in the eastern regions of
Russia make bread from fish roe. Az
the present time, owing to the hard
season, there is what they term in
that country a little famine" conse,
quently the peasants are making bread
from the roe Of fresh water fish, with
which the rivers abound. The process
Of making "ish -four" differs little
from the ordinary one. The roe IN
dried aud ground. and cooked in the
usual fashion.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1909-07-14

money Is printed in sheets. four bills
to the sheet and 1000 sheets to the
package. There were nearly 1900. 900
sheets. OF s,797 packages to store
away. The actual value represented
In this amount Of printed paper is
only s43s $50. In estimating this value
of the printed paper the government
figures that each package weighs IA
pounds, and the paper is purchased at
4s cents per pound The balance is
for the printing and the handling OF
the bills. which are counted SO times
before being stored away.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1909-07-14

ture. furnished with steel racks. which
closely resemble safety deposit box
racks. The interior walls are Of Har-
veyized steel. half an inch thick. and
the whole vault Is incased In masonry
and cement more than two feet thick
But beneath the masonry and the
shell OF steel lies the chief protec-
tion Of the vault against burglars-a
mat OF closely woven steel wires.
Now, each Of these wires Is charged
with electricity, so that when one OF
them is touched with an awl or bit
OF dynamite pump an alarm is in
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1909-07-14

NY hogs got lousy. isst year before
y slsleassiltt II. It. ] could nst afford 10 buiid
"a dipping tank. Itput into three
quarts Of hot soapsuds one-haIf pint
of kerosene oil. boiled and stirred vig-
or0usly for ten minutes. When the
emulsion has cooled sufficiently I
poured 1t through a sprinkling can
along the backs and over the aeads OF
the pigs The ticks and lice quickly
disappeared, but repeated the dog
twice more during the g,.mmer---J.f
Barnes, Indiana
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1909-07-14

and 10 ward of leaves and trash
blown about by the wind. as IL is to
give attention to location and surface
conditions when choosing a place for
the house we'll Make a screen door
for the old well curb and cover the
remaining sides with ordinary screen
wire
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1909-07-14
Telephones and etreet EaIIro,ds,

The cost Of the central station
plants existing in 1907 in the United
States was just $1,000, 5000, 900; thc
capitalization Of telephony was 81 100.
100000 and the capitalization oi
railroads was close upon the $4,000.
100000, making grand aggregate OF
s6.1oO, 100000, or for 1908 about S7..
600. 100000.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1909-07-14
PROTECTING WELL
FROM INFECTION
Plan for Fixing Curb to Serve
aB Covering.

sketch of plan for fixing an or
dinary well curb so as to afford good
covering for the well ia given by Neil
Mclean in Prairie Farmer The or
dinary well curb can be made into one
OF the very best of well coverings If
only little time and money is ex-
pended on 1t. 1t is just as important
that the curb be built so as to pre-
vent a roosting place for sparrows,
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1909-07-14

Well settled timothy hay measures
about ESQ, cubic feet to the ton. while
new nay occupies nearly twice that
space. In sale of new hoy II is Gus
tomary to take of about 10 per cent
for shrinkage in weight, as compared
with barn cured hay.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1909-07-14
DANDELIoM AS A BAROMETER
Absolutely Reliable When One Can
Read Its signs--AIso Is Weather
Prophet.

The dandelion is a dandy barometer
one OF the commonest and most reli-
able 1t is when the blooms have
seeded and are in the funny, feathery
condition that the weather prophet ia
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1909-07-14

Flower stalks ON rbubarb plants
shc ia be removed whenever seen, so
that the plants strength Will noy be
wasted in the uaeless formation Of
seeds.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1909-07-14

The crispness and durability OF our
present day banknotes are due large
ly to the efforts Of Mr.. Eldridge. the
guardian Of the Jumbo among vaults.
Many years ago congress passed a
law authorizing the issue Of treasury
notes, and the bill required that these
notes be put in circulation within 80
days. 1t was rush job. The paper
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1909-07-14

IWe~ty years ago tnis vast amount
Of printed bills would have been ut
tcrly worthless until each bill had
been signed by the preaident and the
cashier Of the bank in whose name II
was issued, but in the nineties con-
gress passed a law making the notes
legal as soon as placed In circulation,
thus adding materially TO Mr.. Ell
dridge's cares, whose duty 1t then be-
came to handle money. not In the
making. but the perfected cash. Now.
as soon Is the bills are entered upon
the ledgefs of the treasury as being
shipped to bank, they are considered
money. The express companies hand
ling these shipments are bonded for
$5O0,000. and in case OF loss or rob-
berry the company is held responsible
for the loss II was only short time
ago that shipment of $4,000 to the
Pacific coast was stolen in transit,
and the express company was forced
to give check for the full amount
The treasury is to-day redeeming
some of these stolen banknotes with
out question, although some Of them
bear no signature at all. while others
bear the forged signatures OF the
president OF that bank and OF the
cashier The express company was
never able to recover more than $15.-
600 Of the stolen bills. 1t had to lose
the rest.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1909-07-14
Mammoth
Steel Vault
That Holds

wv YHEN. congress passed the
MN the emergency currency
act last May authorizing
WW the controller Of currency
w to have printed emergency
currency to the value OF
The Dawson news. (Dawson, Ga.) 1889-current, 1909-02-17
GOVERNOR BROWN COMING
HE WILL VISIT THE PEOPLE OF
TERRELL COUNTY ABOUT
THE 10Th OF MARCH.

While returning from Atlanta
Judge ]. G. Parks met Governor
elect JOS. M. Brown on the train,
and had very pleasant and inter
esting talk with him for about
twenty miles.
Governor Brown asked Judge
Parks to say to his friends and the
people of Terrell county that he will
visit them on some date after the
18th of March, perhaps the 10th,
and will be glad to meet everybody.
Governor Brown had just visited
Forsyth, where he spoke to the peo-
pie of Monroe county, and was given
an ovation. While in Forsyth he was
entertained by the students of Bessie
Tiff College, and also delivered an
address to the young ladies of that
popular institution.
Judge Parks was very much i'm
pressed by the Governor-elect's
broad information on all matters
and his modest and dignified bearing.
Mr.. Brown is visiting all of the
counties of the state, and is being
enthusiastically received everywhere.
The people of Terrell county will
give him a cordial welcome when he
visits Dawson.
The Dawson news. (Dawson, Ga.) 1889-current, 1909-02-17
TERRELLs QUOTA IS CoNv1Crs.
The County Is Entitled to Fewer Ze-
bras Under the New Law.

The County Is Entitled to Fewer Ze-
bras Under the New Law.
The time within which counties
could make application for convicts
for road work under the new peni-
Tertiary law was Wednesday.
Owing to the fact that all white
convicts will be put on a state farm
new appOrtiOnments had to be made,
and Terrell's legal quota of convicts
is now Is instead of II.
Under the old penitentiary system
a county could work all or part of
its convicts on the public roads, the
money derived from the lease of
those not so used going into the pub
lie school fund.
Terrell has been working only ten
state convicts, and the revenue from
the lease of seven, amounting to ST.
12O, has been applied to the school
fund. Under the new system the
full quota of fifteen will be worked
on the roads, and the schools will
get no money from convict labor.
The Dawson news. (Dawson, Ga.) 1889-current, 1909-02-17
TOOK REFUGE IN STORM PIT.
"A HoWling Wind and Downpour of
Rain Visited Dawson.

One of the most terrific wind and
rain storms ever known in this sec
ton occurred in Dawson Tuesday
night, reaching it's heighth about
midnight No great damage was
done, however. In Dawson the sheet
iron roof of Durham e Co.'S buggy
repository was blown off and some
OF it was swept against telephone
wires considerably damaging them.
One of the telephone cables was bat
tered for distance of about fifty
feet.
The principal damage done was
from water which was blown by the
wind up under the shingles of dwell
ing houses. Houses that had never
been known to do so before leaked
and in some instances damage was
done to papering, mating and other
things.
One citizen who has a storm pit in
his yard took refuge therein with
his family, and remained under
ground until after midnight.
The Dawson news. (Dawson, Ga.) 1889-current, 1909-02-17
HEROD HAPPENINGS.
News Notes of Interest in and Around
That Community.


Mr.. Jeptha Leroy Harris of Co.
lumbus will be the guest of Mr.. c.
Nj, Harris this week. He is a noted
sportsman, and has many friends
here who will give him a glad well
come.
Miss Alma McLain, who has been
the admired guest of Mrs. Gilbert
Pinson of Sylvester, has returned
home. She was the honoree at sew
eral social functions during her visit.
One of the pleasantest of recent
social functions was an entertain
ment given by the Misses English
in honor of their guest, Miss Daniel.
Mr.. ]. H. Kelley attended quar-
terly meeting at Bronwood. He is
the good steward that never misses
"a quarterly meeting.
Mr.. Frank McLendon, who has
been in Jacksonville, Fla, in lucra-
tive business for sometime, has re-
turned home.
Miss Elizabeth McLain entertained
a few friends informally one evening
recently at pleasant game of forty
two.
Miss Alma Henly of Benevolence
is expected to be the guest of Miss
Claude Harris in the near future.
During the recent cold spell
great many small fish were frozen
in the Brim trout pond.
There is to be a business change
in one of our mercantile establish
ments at an early date.
Miss Clara Daniel of Oglethorpe
has been a recent attractive guest of
the Misses English.
We are glad that Mrs. ]. L. Hass
has recovered from a recent spell of
j sickness.