The evening times. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1906-1914, 1909-01-11
breakfast or enjoy pork in any of it's
many forms.
The Theory of the Prevention.

The Theory of the Prevention.
The theory of the serum which is
anti-toxin for cholera was originated
by DR.. Marion Dorsett, head of the
division of bio-chenistry in the bu-
reau of animal industry, Washington.
He reasoned that since hog that has
once recovered from cholera is there
after immune the disease must leave
some resisting substance in the blood.
But the blood of the ordinary immune
hog, he found, does not. contain
enough of this anti-toxin to protect
another susceptible hog against the
disease by injection. He did find that
the protective power of the blood
could be increased greatly by pro-
cess Of "hyper-immunization," that is,
by innoculating an immune hog with
large quantities of blood from hogs
suffering at the time from cholera.
1t was discovered that the ordinary
Immune hog can resist amounts of
diseased blood sufficient to kill sever
al hundred non-immune hogs had we'll
marked protective qualities which
could be transmitted by incubation
to those which were not immune.
At this point, about three years ago
the bureau requested DR.. Connaway
to put the method to a practical test.
He accepted. In one experiment he
tnoculated eight pigs Weighing from
forty to sixty pounds. with twenty Gu
bic centimeters, about seven ounces
of the protective serum, mixed with
two cubic centimeters, little less
than an ounce, of fresh virulent hog
cholera blood. Two untreated check
pigs were placed placed in the pen.
One died and one recovered in the
pen, but still the eight inoculated pigs
were we'll. AS a final test they were
fed food which was known to be
strongly infected with the cholera
virus. That was more than a year
ago and the eight pigs are still alive
and in a thrifty condition. Several
other experiments resulted similarly.
In the last six months DR.. Gonna
way personally has inoculated 1900
hogs on farms where cholera had
broken out. The farms are in eigh-
teen scattered counties. The reports
from the owners of these hogs have
been uniformly favorable. Following
is an extract from typical letter
from Thomas Richards of Vandalia,
a widely known breeder of Berkshire
hogs:
II may be over enthusiastic about
the value of hog cholera serum as
prepared by you; hut after having
more than eighty head die with chol-
era in less than thirty days and then
finding a preventive that has since
saved me 95 per cent of all animals
treated, including old hogs down to
sucking pigs, feel justified in being
enthusiastic"
How the Serum is Obtained.
1t is estimated that enough serum
can be drawn from one hyperimmun-
lied hog to inoculate 200 hogs. Half
an inch Is clipped =. ON his tail and
about 500 cubic centimeters is drawn
at a time. The operation is repeated
at intervals of two weeks until the
tall is used up. Then the hog be-
comes a martyr to the 200 fellow
beings. The serum Is mixed with one
half of one per cent of carbolic acid
to preserve 1t. 1t is injected into the
thigh Of other swine with a large
hypodermic needle. The vaccination
does not effect the texture or purity
of the hogs flesh.
incubation with the hyperimmuni-
zed serum alone makes pig immune
FOR a period of two to four months.
When the serum is mixed with one
hfteenth to one-twentieth of virulent
cholera blood 1t is believed to make
the animal permanently immune, al
though time enough has not elapsed
to make this absolutely certain. The
vaccination has no effect on the hogs
offspring.
Secretary Wilson Has Confidence.
James Wilson secretary of agricul-
ture; DR.. Dorsett and DR.. A. d. Mel
vim, chief of the bureau of animal
industry, have expressed their conf
dence in the Missouri tests. Several
other states already are undertaking
the work.
Dr. Connaway attracted widespread
attention among stockmen several
years ago by the invention of pre-
ventive for Texas fever the terror
OF northern ca tie. He is a modest,
quiet man of about As.
He was a student assistant under
the first veterinarian the university
had and drew 800 a year. once," said
teacher in the university, who knew
him we'll. "He 1s now one of the
highest paid men in the university,
but from that day to this don't be-
l1eve he's ever thought of calling for
his pay check. The treasurer holds
1t for time and then deposits it to
his credit. don't believe he knows
or cares-what he is making. He
is absorbed in his work.
Il am anxious to see this thing
turned to the good of the hog raisers
In the state and elsewhere" said DR..
Connaway. "The state should take
charge of its production for the pres
ent, so as to guarantee good product,
and 1t should be distributed free
where 1t Is needed
II am confident that with sufficient
funds we can sooner or later make
hog cholera a memory by this meth
3D."
NOT IDENTIFIED
Only Three of Crew of TWenty.FOur
Escaped In Mine Disaster