davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Bamberg herald. [volume] (Bamberg, S.C.) 1891-1972, 1909-06-24
YOUNG LADY KILLS HERSELF.
Daughter Of Prominent Planter Near
Timer Commits Suicide.

The town of Ulmer and the sur
rounding country was severely
shocked on Tuesday when it was
learned that Miss Minnie Folk, the
16-year-old daughter Of MIR. T. j.
Folk, had ended her life by shooting
herself through the heart with pis-
tol. The members Of the family had
had no information of the fact that
she intended ending her life and can
assign no reason for it.
Miss Folk lived with her father, a
few miles from Ulmer, and on the
day of the tragedy seemed as bright
and cheerful as usual. After break
fast that morning she went a few
hundred yards from the house to do
a little work in a pindar patch. Be-
tween 9 and 10 o'clock she returned
to the house and told her step-moth-
er she had come to get drink Of
water. Her mother suggested to her
to let the work alone until late that
afternoon, as it was so hot. The girl
said that she was almost through
and would 60 back and finish the
work. Before returning, however,
she went into the house and went up
stairs and going into her brothers
room secured his pistol. Instead of
going back to the field to work she
went to a spring about two hundred
yards from the house and seating
herself on a box she placed the pis-
tol over her heart and fired the IA
tai shot that ended her bright, young
life.
The report of the pistol was heard
by her mother and by negro work.
ing in a nearby field. They both ran
to the spring and found her in a; dy-
ing condition. She was taken to the
house and despite the best care and
attention died in about two hours
Barnwell Sentinel
The Bamberg herald. [volume] (Bamberg, S.C.) 1891-1972, 1909-06-24

We have received a copy of the
Summerville Advertiser, new pa
per just started in that town with S.
p. Driggers as editor. Summerville
had a newspaper, the News, for a
number of years, but it suspended a
few months ago. Here's hoping for
better luck for the Advertiser. It is
q newsy, neat, and well printed sheet
and ought to succeed.
The Bamberg herald. [volume] (Bamberg, S.C.) 1891-1972, 1909-06-24
Curbing for Sidewalks.

If city council would place curb
ing of some sort along the sidewalks
to keep them from being washed
away by these heavy rains, they
would be practicing the best sort OF
economy. AS it is now there is a
quantity of sand and dirt washed
from the sidewalks into the drains
by every rain, and then the street
hands must go along and throw this
dirt back. The curbing would save
much of this work and pay the ex-
pense of putting it down in short
time.
The Bamberg herald. [volume] (Bamberg, S.C.) 1891-1972, 1909-06-24

Only a few weeks ago the Sumter
Herald installed a bran new limo
type machine, one of the latest
models, and so far we have not MOTTO
ed a line in the columns Of that pa
per about it. Such prosperity is de-
serving of mention. Not many week
ly newspapers in the State can afford
to invest nearly $4,000 in a type
setting machine.
The Bamberg herald. [volume] (Bamberg, S.C.) 1891-1972, 1909-06-24

The grand jury of Charleston
county, in it's presentment last week,
stated that the methods of the city
council of Charleston in regard to
blind tigers amounted to practically
q licensing of the traffic, and urged
that the law be enforced. 1t is high
time something was being done to
enforce the dispensary law in Char
lesion.
The Bamberg herald. [volume] (Bamberg, S.C.) 1891-1972, 1909-06-24
Sold His Wife.

The circuit court sitting in Port
land, Ore, will hear arguments this
week in the strangest case that has
ever appeared on its docket. John
Braganza, a German, after selling
his wife to H. Ruddart, for $3.50, has
brought suit against her purchaser
on charge of alternating her affec-
tions. Attorneys fail to see how
Braganza can have been damaged as
he claims since he sold, exchanged
and bartered his wife.
The Bamberg herald. [volume] (Bamberg, S.C.) 1891-1972, 1909-06-24
COURT NOTICE.

State of South arolina-County OF
Bamberg:
To Hon. Ernest Gary, Judge Presid-
ing, and Hon. James F. Byrnes,
Solicitor Second Circuit:
Agreeable to request of county
board of commissioners for Bamberg
county, we, the undersigned mem
bers of the bar of Bamberg county,
and county officers, respectfully ask
that your Honor will continue all
jury cases which may be ready for
trial at the July, 1909, term of court
of common pleas and general ses-
sions for the county of Bamberg;
provided, that the Supervisor Of said
county of Bamberg do obtain the
written consent of the prisoners now
in the county jail entitled to trial at
the said term Of court.
Signed: ]. B. Kearse, Super
visor; D. w. Phillips, County Com
missioner; J. B. Black, Senator; J.
B. Hunter, Sheriff; c. B. Free,
Clerk; Jno. F. Folk, County Treas
urer; R. w. D. Rowell, Auditor.
Attorneys S. G. Mayield, H. NJ.
Graham, F. F. Carroll, J. F. Carter,
Wyman & Henderson, w. E. Free.
Upon reading the above petition,
it is ordered:
That the jury commissioners be
and they are hereby instructed to
draw no jurors for the summer term
of court, and all jury cases for trial
at said term Of court are hereby
continued until the fall term of the
court.
That a copy of this order be pub
lished in the county newspapers.
ERNEST GARY,
Attest: Presiding Judge.
c. B. FREE, 80
C. C.. c. P. & G. S.
June 18th, 1909.
The Bamberg herald. [volume] (Bamberg, S.C.) 1891-1972, 1909-06-24
University Of South Carolina
SCHOLARSHIP EXAMINATION

The University of South Carolina
offers Scholarships in the Depart
ment of Education to one young man
from each County. Each Scholar
ship is worth 500 in money and
SIS matriculation or term" fee.
Examination will be held at Coun-
ty seat FRIDAY, JULY 2. Examina-
tion for admission to the University
will be held at the same time.
Write for information to
S. G. MITCHELL, President,
Columbia, S. G. -
The Bamberg herald. [volume] (Bamberg, S.C.) 1891-1972, 1909-06-24
DO 1T NOW.
Bamberg People Should Not Wait
Until It Is Too Late.

Until 1t Is Too Late.
The appalling death-rate from kid
ney disease is due in most cases to
the fact that the little kidney trou-
bles are usually neglected until they
become serious. The slight symp-
toms give place to chronic disorders
and the sufferer goes gradually into
the grasp of diabetes, dropsy,
Bright's Disease, gravel or some &C.
rious form Of kidney complaint.
If you suffer from backache, head
aches, dizzy spells; if the kidney Sc
cretions are irregular Of passage and
unnatural in appearance, do not de-
lay. Help the kidneys at once.
Doan's Kidney Pills are especially
for kidney disorders-they cure
where others fail. Over one hundred
thousand people have recommended
them. Here's a case at home:
]. H. Murphy, ! in street, Bam-
berg, S. c., says: '' have used sew
eral boxes OF Do4-'s Kidney Pills,
procured at the Peoples Drug Co.,
and am we'll pleased with the benefit
1 have received. I have no hesita-
ton in saying that this remedy is an
excellent one for kidney trouble. I
hope that other persons who suffer
from any disorder of the kidneys will
give this preparation a trial"
For sale by all dealers. Price so
cents. Foster-Milburn Co., Buffalo,
New York, sole agents for the
United States.
Remember the name-Doan'sE,
and take no other.
The Bamberg herald. [volume] (Bamberg, S.C.) 1891-1972, 1909-06-24

We don't know how Attorney
General Lyon and Lawyer Fielder Sc
cured the evidence, but they seem to
have gotten it all right enough.
The Bamberg herald. [volume] (Bamberg, S.C.) 1891-1972, 1909-06-24
Thursday, June "a, 1909

1t is fearful to contemplate the re-
suit if the old State dispensary sys-
tenn had been continued in South
Carolina a few years longer.
The Bamberg herald. [volume] (Bamberg, S.C.) 1891-1972, 1909-06-24

For Sale.-One tandem "a bicycle
built for two persons.) Apply at
Herald Book Store for price.
The Bamberg herald. [volume] (Bamberg, S.C.) 1891-1972, 1909-06-24

Lost.-Gold signet stick pin. Ini-
tials "B. B." Reward if returned to
BISSELL BEACH, at Klauber's store.
The Bamberg herald. [volume] (Bamberg, S.C.) 1891-1972, 1909-06-24
Horner Military School.
1851 1909.
]. {. HORNER, Principal, Oxford, n. {.

Scientific and English Courses Prepares 1oI eeee
Academy 5S DID, with
teachers with the principal and ladies or MS 1al
Modern oulld-
ns perfect crowding Best moral men
Shady athletic park onequarer
mile Ideal climate, helpful environment
refined Christian people, Inc
Is n educational center
The Bamberg herald. [volume] (Bamberg, S.C.) 1891-1972, 1909-06-24

Dog Lost.-One black spotted set
ter bitch, comes to the name of
Dido" Reward paid by ]. H. Lott,
if returned to Bamberg Cotton Mills
office.
The Bamberg herald. [volume] (Bamberg, S.C.) 1891-1972, 1909-06-24

Oats for Sale.-About two thous-
and pounds extra fine sheaf oats for
sale at S1.00 per hundred. Nice and
dry, now in house, and have not been
wet at ALL Apply at Herald office.
The Bamberg herald. [volume] (Bamberg, S.C.) 1891-1972, 1909-06-24
SPECIAL NOTICES.
Advertisements Under This Head 25c.
For 25 Words or Less.

Cow For Sale.-One Holstein Jer-
sey COW; will drop calf in a few
days; four gallon COW. Apply to G..
w. GARLAND, Bamberg, S. G.
The Bamberg herald. [volume] (Bamberg, S.C.) 1891-1972, 1909-06-24
Published every Thursday in Th'

Published every Thursday in The
Herald building, on Main street, in
the live and growing City of Bamr
berg, being issued from printing
office which is equipped with Mer-
genthaler linotype machine, cylinder
press, folder, two jobbers, all run by
electric power, with other material
and machinery in keeping, the whole
equipment representing an invest
ment of $4,000 and upwards.
Subscriptions-By the year, Sl:OO,
or 10 cents month for less than
one year. All subscriptions payable
strictly in advance.
The Brunswick news. [volume] (Brunswick, Ga.) 1906-2016, 1909-01-26
CITY NEWS IN BRIEF

= = = = ). = y = = 50 $3.50
The Brunswick news. [volume] (Brunswick, Ga.) 1906-2016, 1909-01-26
SPECIAL NOTICE.

Notice is hereby given that neither
the master, owners nor agents Of the
British steamship Anglo Australian
will be responsible for any debts ccn-
traeted by any officer or member Of
crew OF said steamship whatsoeyecs
other than by the master. F D ".
6trachan G. Co., Agents
The Brunswick news. [volume] (Brunswick, Ga.) 1906-2016, 1909-01-26
THE NEW UNIFORM Bill or

lading which the Southern Railway
contemplated putting in effect on Feb
mary LIST has not yet been perfected
in all its details and the South
ern railway will not put the unifonn
bin of lading in effect on Eel ,uary LIST,
but will postpone the matter until
such time as all the clauses of the bill
Z ( lading are perfected.
The Brunswick news. [volume] (Brunswick, Ga.) 1906-2016, 1909-01-26
SPECIAL NOTICE.

All bills against the British steam
ship Anglo Australian must be pre-
scented at our Office by 8 o'clock a. u.
this 26th day of January, 1903. or pay
ment thereof will be debarred. 2 =.
M. Strachan & Co, Agents.
The Brunswick news. [volume] (Brunswick, Ga.) 1906-2016, 1909-01-26
JosgpH putlrzER,s nANosoMe

yacht passed Brunswick Sunday The
yacht anchored near the city while a
small boat was sent in fer mail, etc.
Mr.. Pulitzer. with his son is cruising
along the Georgia and Flo ida coas-.
This is the third time that h. aas
passed Brunswick in his yacht this
winter.
The Brunswick news. [volume] (Brunswick, Ga.) 1906-2016, 1909-01-26
To Cure a Cold in che Day.

Take Laxative Bromo Quinine Tab :
let's. Druggists refund money IL +
fails to cure. E. w erove's signatc-s
is on each box DC.
The Brunswick news. [volume] (Brunswick, Ga.) 1906-2016, 1909-01-26
IT is UNDERSTOOD THAT T4g

Southern Bell Telephone company vii
shortly repair its line to st. Simon,
which has not been in operation i =
couple OF years. and thus again give
the people of the island telepao-s
with the city.
The Brunswick news. [volume] (Brunswick, Ga.) 1906-2016, 1909-01-26

THE VICTIMS OF THE AuToMo.
bile wreck Of Saturday night were all
reported to be progressing nicely yes
terday. and, as was at first thought,
none OF them was seriously injured.
The Brunswick news. [volume] (Brunswick, Ga.) 1906-2016, 1909-01-26
ATTENTION rs DIRECTED TO

the advertisement OF Mrs. S. E. Swil-
ley, 1928 Norwich street. Mrs. Swil-
ley has opened a splendid boarding
house, and can take care of 4 few
more boarders. with both able board
and rooms.
The Brunswick news. [volume] (Brunswick, Ga.) 1906-2016, 1909-01-26

.THE LYMAN TWINS, AT THE
head of fine musical comedy, VIII
be the next attraction at the Gra51,
coming on Wednesday Of mex. week.
The Brunswick news. [volume] (Brunswick, Ga.) 1906-2016, 1909-01-26
ALDERMAN LuVWIe PRESIDED

at yesterdays session of the police
court. There were only few often
ders up, charged with disprderly con-
duct.
The Brunswick news. [volume] (Brunswick, Ga.) 1906-2016, 1909-01-26
c. A. SHAW. THE wELL.kNowN

barber, has returned from White
Springs, where he has been for the
benefit Of his health, and he will be
glad to see all of his friends at his
barber shop.
The citizen-Republican. (Scotland, Bon Homme County, S.D.) 1???-19??, 1909-08-12
IS STRUCK
BY CLOUDBURST AND
ELECTRIC STORM
Whole Family Shocked, Build.
ings Injured and Cellars
Flooded by Water.

Trip, S. D., Aug. 11-During the
worst electrical n windstorm in this
section in rs years, eight buildings
were struck here Saturday night, an
entire family shocked into insenslpiiity
by lightning, and crops leVeled within
q radius of So miles.
Six members of the family of j.. K.
Mayer were rendered unconscious by a
stroke of lightning. All, from the
parents to the youngest child, lay in
sensible for almost an hour, when they
gradually revived. The dwelling was
slightly damaged.
Lightning struck the house of j. w.
Schliessmann, banker, of this place.
at three different places, charging the
building, and stunning several per
sons within. The newly erected dwell
ing of Albert Jungmann was struck
and considerably damaged, as was the
Hotel Trip and the Dakota State bank
building.
Rain fell in torrents. 1t is reported
that the precipitation was from 6 to
8 inches. Almost every cellar in
this town was flooded. as were the
of all business houses Dam
g from flood will be considerable.
The house of John Pietz, a farmer
living near here, it is reported, was
struck by lightning during the storm.
and burned to the ground. Several
other structures were struck and dam
aged by lightning. 1t is reported tha
the windmill of the Milwaukee line at
belmont, near here, was struck and an
entire section torn off.
Corn in every direction in this vicin-
1ty was lowered by the storm, and it
Is thought, greatly damaged. There
We're two distinct storms, the first at
about z o'clock Saturday evening, the
other at about 4 o'clock Sunday morn
ing.
There was a constant, terrifying roll
OF during the storms, and the
most awe-inspiring electrical display
seen in this part of the country for a
quarter of a century.
The citizen-Republican. (Scotland, Bon Homme County, S.D.) 1???-19??, 1909-08-12
JAILED FOR FLIRTING.

Atlantic City, N. j., Aug. ARRESTED
while making eyes" at a suave de-
tective, dressed in the height of STYLE.
in a beach front cafe, Helen Sharkey,
young and pretty, and claiming Wash
ington as her home, was carried
s%hrieking to the county prison this aft
ernoon to serve a To-day sentence as.
the seasons first victim Of the anti
flirting rule.
Although the girl begged %piteously
for release and promised to leave the.
city at once the court refused to ac-
cept her plea and insisted that she.
be made IN example of the crusade
against flirtations.
According to the police, a lot of
young women are especially fond of OBJ
tanning attention from wealthy Pitts
burgers. Series of complaints of loss of
money and jewels taken from the vic
tins, while they were under the spell
OF the pretty girls, led to the crusade.
The citizen-Republican. (Scotland, Bon Homme County, S.D.) 1???-19??, 1909-08-12
ST. LOUIS AND
NORTHWESTERN
GO TO DEADWOOD
Surveyors Seek Entrance to
Hills for Their Across
State Extensions.

Deadwood, S. D., Aug. 9.--According
to Vice President: Fred Robinson, of
the Dakota Western railroad. a branch
of the Chicago & Northwestern sys-
TEN, will men actual construc-
ton of it's line from Whitewood to
Empire along the irrigation project
within the next 80 days. The right
of way has been practically all Sc
cured, and negotiations with the Red
water Power & Light 10
secure power to operate the motor
cars are in progress.
Ii is said that the company plans to
enter Deadwood from Hettinger, N.
D., by ray of Boulder canyon n
Crook City.
Representatives of the Minneapolis
& st. Louis road, now building from
La Beau, on the Missouri river, across
the reservation. say their company
would like to get into Deadwood, n
surveyors are now running a survey
from Vale to Whitewood.
The citizen-Republican. (Scotland, Bon Homme County, S.D.) 1???-19??, 1909-08-12
CORNER STONE CEREMONY
FOR MASONIC TEMPLE

Huron, S. D.. Aug. s.-The cere-
monies of the laying of the corner
stone for the Masonic temple, in course
of construction here, occurred yester-
day. The entire day wa devoted more
or less by the fraternity to the car
rying out of a very interesting pro-
gram. Members of the local lodge, to-
gether with the Eastern Star, enter
tanned a large umb of visitors from
all parts of the state. Grand Master
S. A. Brown. of Sioux Falls. together
with other members Of the grand lodge,
were present. The address was deliv-
cred by Rev. Marshall Montgomery, of
Lead. A 6 o'clock banquet was served
and in the evening IN interesting pro-
gram was had, including a number Of
sncinl fcatl1raS
The citizen-Republican. (Scotland, Bon Homme County, S.D.) 1???-19??, 1909-08-12
INDIAN TRUST LAND
BONE OF CONTENTION
Agreement to Convey It Is At
tached by United States
Attorney.

c;ouy Falls 6 u Aug. IA suit of
on lsn,s,,al character. Involving a vaiu-
ahle tract of land situate in Moody
co,,ntv has inst been Instituted in the
ITnited states court in this city by e.
I, Wagner limited States attorney for
co,,th Dakota acting in behalf of the
,nne,al r"overnnoent. The defendants
i, the action are Lonis Hemmer, Will
i,,n II Fletcher ]. IE. Peart. Richards
rs,,,et connany Iowa and Dakota Land
ton,,'anv Fred d. Henderson. as treas
nre,e Of Moody county. 70. B.. Hornby,
as auditor of moody county: Job Robin
SON and g w and l.. w. Ballard. CO.
Mariners as Ballard & Son, of Moody
roI,,tv
Tne' land involved in the suit was
entered DC an indian homestead at the
Trn;tna states land office in Sioux Falls
or October : 1878 bv Henry Tavlor. a
fnlbloo6 eantee Sioux Indian. Tay-
]n, made final proof on the land in
1874 and occnpied the tract until about
Anril Is. of The present wear. when it
j. aIlaoed in the COMPLAINT in the case
himself and family were forciblv re-
moved from fine tract nv Louis Hem
mer one of the endan in the ac-
zion On August %. 1908. there was
The citizen-Republican. (Scotland, Bon Homme County, S.D.) 1???-19??, 1909-08-12
WHISKY CAUSED
HALF BREED MURDER

Aberdeen. S. d, Aug. "a gallon of
whisky was the cause of the shooting
of Thomas Powell, a young half breed
Indian, on the Standing Rock reserva-
ton. by Robert Gilland, another half
breed, early Sunday morning. Powers
and Gilland had been to the agency to-
get their issue of beef cattle, n We're
driving the cattle home. In the party
We're two or three other young In
dams. In some manner the
had procured a gallon of liquor, and
We're p~artaking of 1t freely. Powell,
undo. the influence of the liquor, be-
came insulting and abusive, and called
Gilland a horse thief and other manner.
Gilland ordered him to stop, and when
Powell refused went to his horse and
a shot in the air, Gilland again or
dered Powell to stop, but Powell in
stead started toward him.. Then Gill
lane fired, shooting his victim through
the abdomen. Gilland then sprang on
his horse and rode to Thunder Hawk,
the newly organized county of Corson,
telling Of his crime. Perry told him to,
go to town and give himself up
and wired the railroad to give Gill
land a tickle for Morristown Gill
land took the train and when he got
off at Morristown the sheriff was there
to meet him. Gilland was brought to,
Aberdeen, where he waived preliminary
examination and was held by United
States Commissioner William Wallace
to await the action Of the federal court.
He is confined in the Brown county
Jail here. The indian agent on Stand.
ing Rock states that both Powell and7
Gilland were usually well behaved.
Powell being especially law abiding
and inoffensive when sober. The mar
introducing the liquor on the reserva-
ton will be prosecuted to the limit iG
he can be discovered.
The citizen-Republican. (Scotland, Bon Homme County, S.D.) 1???-19??, 1909-08-12
MOTORCYCLE BURNS
BAGGAGE COACH

Sioux Falls. S. D., Aug. Partial
destruction of the combination bag
railroad at Salem last night as the re.
suit of a peculiar accident is reported
by arrivals from that place. A pas
senger placed in h baggage a a
motorcycle and vas instructed by the
conductor that he must remove the
gasoline from it. Instead of pouring
h gasoline out upon the ground it
was poured Upon the floor Of the bag
gage car and the interior of the car
in an instant was a mass of flames,
the gasoline having ignited from lamps
in the car. The motorcycle was COM
pletely destroyed and the interior OF
the car badly damaged and several
trunk and their contents consumed.
The citizen-Republican. (Scotland, Bon Homme County, S.D.) 1???-19??, 1909-08-12
EMMA GOLDMAN's PUPILS
TAKE PART IN STRIKE
AT PITTSBURG, PA

Pittsburg, Aug. GA meeting of a.
majority Of the $500 strikers Of the
Pressed Steel Car company's plant at.
Shoonville was held last night at which.
the men hoped to come to an amicable.
agreement in regard to returning to-
work for the company. The general
opinion seems to be that the strike Will
soon be settled.
Two arrests We're made by the state
constabulary, that Of Joseph Borouski..
who claims to be an anarchist and
friend Of Emma Goldman, and Alex.
ander Berkman. The arrests are re-
garded as important. A loaded revolver
and discriminating papers were found ons
the man.
The citizen-Republican. (Scotland, Bon Homme County, S.D.) 1???-19??, 1909-08-12
no PARIS.

Milan, Aug. 9.-Mrs. Theodore Roose-
welt, accompanied by her sister. Miss
Carow, and her youngest son, left here
today for Paris. The municipal au-
thorities were at the railroad station
Il present their formal farewell salu-
tations. Archie and Ethel Roosevelt
Will rejoin their mother In Paris after
another trip with Baron Mayor des
PIanclies. the Italian ambassador to the
United States. n his wife, to the
Italian lakes. Mrs. Roosevelt will re-
turn to Miss Carow's villa at Porto
Maurizio In the autumn and there
await the return Of Roosevelt from Al
RIGA.
The citizen-Republican. (Scotland, Bon Homme County, S.D.) 1???-19??, 1909-08-12
PIERRE GETS STATE HOUSE
AT NOMINAL Price
PERMANENT SURVEY
FOR lNTERURBAN

C~enteryille, s.. p, Aug. 1.-THE Sioux
City and Bijou Hills i~nterurban rail-
road project is not dead, according to
latest developments. Mr.. Graves, Of
Bijou Hills, the main factor IN the en-
was in this city Friday ana
Saturday and talked very encouraging-
~. Mr., Graves vas accompanied by a
civil engineer and right OF way man
from Minneapolis, and it was given out
that active work would begin on the
proposed line. Mr.. Graves stated that
survey contract had been closed
with Il Cleveland firm.
The route is practically settled from
Bijou Fills to C~enterville. From this
city through Union county, some
may be made from the origi-
nal plan. Elk Poin. is anxious to SCI
cure the line and may ysszwin out.
The citizen-Republican. (Scotland, Bon Homme County, S.D.) 1???-19??, 1909-08-12

Geneva, Switzerland, which has just
been celebrating in honor Of John Cal
win, has the distinction of lending its
name to the great international society
OF walters known as the Geneva I'm
aon." The headquarters of the society
are In Dresden, but branches flourish
In all the big hotel cities Of the civilized
world. The aim of the Geneva union
IL to organize all classes OF walters
with a view to making their lot as
happy as possible. 1t opens up to
members special facilities for travelling,
Tor learning languages, for gaining a
knowledge of their duties, and gem
orally looks after their interests.