davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Ogden standard. [volume] (Ogden City, Utah) 1902-1910, 1909-05-22
- .sS-. t-ss.v Se ,s<ts,s


food and the result Is to dwarf the
plant and reduce the yield of corn.
IL the seed bed has been put into
hrst-class condition the first cultivation
can be moderately deep. because the
roots VIII not have attained a growth
sufficient TO be much damaged. but as
the season advances cultivation should
become shailower and toward the close
OF the growing period dust mulch
can be maintained by cultivation of an
inch in depth
The dust mulch. by the way, is really
the right way for the conservation of
moisture. II corn can be cultivated
lightly Immediately after each rain.
weeds will not only he kept down but
moisture will be retained much longer
than IL cultivation is put of two or
three days
AS the plant takes Its food in soh-
ton, 1t Is evident that the ground must
be kept moist all the time If possible.
Deep plowing, therefore. not only de-
stroys the roots, but Is positive draw
back in keeping moisture in the ground,
1t Is good plan to harrow the
ground lightly between the time OF
planting and the appearance of the
corn
Many farmers believe that corn should
not be cultivated more than two or
three times during the season, but we
The Ogden standard. [volume] (Ogden City, Utah) 1902-1910, 1909-05-22

their counterpart. the mule or scrub
horse.
Should the colt cut up much. which
ne usually does, one or two kicks in
his belly and several Jerks on his ten
der mouth will be the next lesson.
Then he is dragged, led. backed or
pushed to the off wheel Of a wagon. To
the furrow side of a plow or the off
side OF harrow. as the case may be.
His two companions are probably old
horses who have gained wisdom and
experience with increasing years and
look on with mild Indifference while
the youngster, held by Il couple OF
strong men and hltchcd up by a third.
trembieS ana snortS in impotent rage
lied back, refined up tight and with
heavy outside line In the hands of
some ignorant half-Srown boy-he be-
gins his real life on the farm as a
bread producer.
By the second day, If the weather is
warm and the work heavy. his mouth
VIII be sore at the corners. his shouI-
ders CALLED. and. IL working on a plow
or harrow. his legs around the hooks
VIII be pretty We'll cleared OF hair by
~ Sieit''6 VI tut IRON IN traces He
will IN two weeks have lost hundred
pounds Of flesh and it Will take several
months OF rest to get him in good
shape again.
or course this is one of the many ex
treme cases, but this system of break
ing colts ruins many of the best horses
every year and will continue to do so
as long as this way of handling them
continues In practice.
In spite of the thousands of men who
are driving horses all over the country
and to every kind of known vehicle and
farm implement. comparatively few
understand the gentlcness and armness
combined necessary in the proper han
ding of green colts.
Ii would be we'll if all colts could bc
halter broken by weaving time. and
used to harness. saddle and bride as
yearlings. They will soon learn driv
ing by being used only enough to rem
der them gentle
Then. as S-yeor-olds. when they are
expected to help earn their living on
the farm there viii be none of the
rough style of breaking them In. with
the inevitable feyer-sore mouth. CALLED
shoulders. nervous klckers and r,Ina
ways.
The Ogden standard. [volume] (Ogden City, Utah) 1902-1910, 1909-05-22
MANURE EARLY FOR POTATOES


Where plant potatoes on corn stub
bic give the land n good coating of
manure MS soon as the ground is suni-
clently dry TO haul over, and cut the
manure Into the soil with a disk har-
row. This ground is then plowcd and
rolled. and the disk and spring tooth
harrow and roller used to make fine and
mellow This gives me practically a
pulVeriZcd seed bed TO the bottom of
the furrow and eliminates the risk OF
having a seed potato in an air space
made by two clods not meeting and
not able TO make any start at growing
where potatoes are plowed in-that
is, dropped In every other, or every
third, furrow az the ground Is plowed-
the disSinS OF the surface Of the land
Is especially advantageous, for as the
covering furrow is turned the fine mel
low soil drops upon and settles in
around the seed and creates conditions
favorable to carly and rapid growth.
Where the seed is dropped by hand
and very thorough subsequent cultiya-
ton given this method OF planting on
stalk land is probably moro satis-
factory than any other.
In addition to the animal manure
cut In as described. I make an appIica-
ton of 400 lbs of phosphorus and
IS to 100 lbs OF muriatc of potassium
per aore.-W. F. McSparran. Pennsyl-
vanla.
The Ogden standard. [volume] (Ogden City, Utah) 1902-1910, 1909-05-22
THE YOUNG HEIFeR'S CARE

In calf feeding. at the end of four
or five months is. the parting OF the
ways for the steer and heifer calf.
If the heifer Is to be reared with the
view OF making her a dairy cow Of
greater value than her mother, then
she must be fed for milk production
This is an important item il farmers
are to produce their own COWS. which
is the cheapest and best way known
to me for securing n dairy herd,
To the unobservinG it would seem
incredible that n heifer calf could be
ruined for future usefulness in the
dairy by the manper in which she is
handled the first few months of her
! life
We know that the heifer calf can be
ruined She can be Stunted and made
an animal of small capacity.
Her digestive apparatus can be
ruined and she can be made 1inicky
feeder, one of those animals not eating
abundantly and never finding that
which Is good enough to eat.
The heifer calf, while feeding. should
not be allowed to become fat. She
should be kept slick and glossy. full
of vitality and muscular.
If you educate the heifer calf to put
her food on her back In the shape of
fat she Will then have that tendency
when she becomes a COW. Therefore
she should not be fed too much corn.
She should be fed the flesh forming
foodq.
She should be fed large quantities
of the best roughage that her stomach
may distend so she may handle large
quantities OF fat when she is required
10 do so as she will when she be-
comes n milch cow.
If there is a surplus of skim milk
on the farm the heifer can utilize this
TO exceptionally good advantage.
have reared calves which had drink
of skim milk twice per day from the
day they were born and continuing un-
I'll they became mothers and were
being MIXED. and L consider that such
skim milk was never fed to greater
advantage
These calves were growthy In the
best OF health and excellent feeders.
1t Is wonderful what n pail of skim
milk night and morning will do for
the COW which is producing milk
The Ogden standard. [volume] (Ogden City, Utah) 1902-1910, 1909-05-22
SOME PERTINENT QUESTIONS

The commission on country lte ap-
pointed by President Roosevelt has
been sending out blanks to farmers
editors OF agricultural papers and 9TH
;rs in close touch with farming, con
isIning some very interesting queS =
lions.
The commission desires immediate
answers. but says the names OF corre-
spondents will not be used
After each question the correspond i
ent is asked "Why?" and also to sug-
gest a remedy.
Tho questions follow:
l. Arc the farm homes In your nei eSh-
borhood as good as they should be prdeJ
existing conditions?
2 Are the schools Of your ncighbor-
hood training boys and girls salts
factorily for life on the farm?
g. Do the farmers in your neighbor-
hood get the returns they reasona
bly, should from the sale OF their prod
ucts?
T. Do tho farmers in your neiehbor-
roads, trolley lines. etc. tho service
they reasonably should have?
5. Do the farmers in your neighbor-
UOou IttflFf lIOIIl tnC lulleu
postal service. rural telephone. etc.
the service they reasonably should cx-
pcct?
6. Arc the farmers and their wives
In your neighborhood satisfactorily or
ganized to promote their mutual buy
ing and selling interests?
Z. Arc the renters OF farms in your
neighborhood making a satisfactory
living?
s. Is the supply of farm labor in
your neIghborhood satisfactory?
.. Arc the conditions surrounding
hired labor on the farms In your neigh
borhood satisfactory to tho hired men
10, Have the farmers in your neigh
borhood satisfactory facilities for do
ing their buslness in banking. credit,
insurance, etc?
II. Are the sanitary conditions Of
the farms in your neighborhood salts
factory
Il. Do the farmers and their wives
and families In your Delghborhood get
together for mutual Improvement, en-
tertoinmcnt and social intercourse as
much as they SHOULD?
What. In your Judgment, is the most
important single thing to he done for
tho general betterment of country
life?
Address all letters to Commission on
Country Life. Washington. D. c.
The Ogden standard. [volume] (Ogden City, Utah) 1902-1910, 1909-05-22
mA-.rrs.s.ss,.-. 49,, a..


kind can be used for feeding alfalfa
clover as hay or steamed.
The herd of Berkshires on the DC
i'm the picture arc eating chopped
falfa that has been steamed somewh
and sparsely sprinkled with chopp
corn and oats. The alfalfa Is cut fou
Inch lengths and soaked in bari
or tank which has jet Of steam in
shooting up from tho bottom.
This does not boil the alfalfa. b
Just heats 1t enough to make the coar
stems tender and the tender ones mo
toothsomc.
1t Is lifted from the tank on a FOL
and allowed to drain well, when 1t
thrown upon the feeding floor. Phi
never leave much OF 1t. For bro
sows it makes an ideal feed, keepi|
them in good flesh but not fat enoui|
to hurt their breeding procllvlties
inJure their ease of farrowing D
sure TO feed IT to them on clean fioor|
The Ogden standard. [volume] (Ogden City, Utah) 1902-1910, 1909-05-22

nave observed that every phenomenal
yield OF corn in prize contests was the
result OF constant and frequent cuItI-
walton.
The hast cultivation of corn sbould
DC done In such a manner as 10 leave
inc ground as nearly level as possible
early cultivation may be done bv
throwing the ground slightly toward
the plant In order that the furrow MAJ,
carry of the surplus moisture after .
heavy rain. but the old Fashioned way
oil throwing up a hugo ridge AT tho
last plowing. leaving a deep furrow in
'he center. is not the best way,
F1gure l shows corn plant SHORTY,
after termination: (a) shows prain
planted 80 shallow that II dry ,vea,hor
comes the plant will do no good To-,
SHOWS grain planted so deeply that
The plant food of the seed is erbsuvtaa
oetore the leaves reach the air
Figure shows a six-weeks- n,..
occupying surface area of twolve
leet' with roots reaching down nearly
three feet 'iS
Figure 3. The dotted lines indicate
now the plant sends down brace 80
into the soil and how the main roots
grow close 10 the surface ass thc nIa.9
natures. e PianI
The Ogden standard. [volume] (Ogden City, Utah) 1902-1910, 1909-05-22
ABOUT THE DAIRY

Every dairyman should raise tho
heifer calves of his best cows and moi
depend on anybodys offerings to re.
plenish his herd 1t is absurd To SUD
pose that he can buy cows as reasona-
bly, as he can raise them
II the mixers hands and clothes are
hlthy germs arc sure to get into the
milk pals.
AS the calf is so Is the COW. Poor
care in calfhood means poor COW
when she comes to maturity.
Tho real butter maker OF our coun-
try is the farm cow whose milk never
goes TO the creamery
The Iowa state dairy law forbIds
selling milk from cows within two
weeks OF calving and five DAYS after
We believe that every dairy cow
should have at least one months va
cation during tho year.
The COW is doing her best for Won
and You can afford to pamper her
whims. They arc usually pretty good
ones
Some Of the worlds most noted milk
ers gave small quantity of milk with
their first calves. Don't pass iudc-
ment on the heifcr
The Ogden standard. [volume] (Ogden City, Utah) 1902-1910, 1909-05-22
WATCH THE TURKEY HENS

Last spring one of my turkey hens
stole her nest under a pile Of lumber
back oil the barn. Another chose the
straw stack. and a very tame one
set In nest on the henhouse floor
If yours cludc you. look In out-of-
the-way places Turkeys like old
boxes and barrels on their sides.
Last spring l had a turkey sIttor
to occupy sleigh box. ANYTHING is
better than tall weeds or grass. whore
dogs and other enemies so easily Get
them.
"A coop with wide roof that pre-
vents rain from beating in is valuable
Tor hens with young poults.
II the roof Over the coons is no,
good. In severe storms tho mother
VIII movo about In the coon 70 gct
out OF the rain, the stupid little pouIts
VIII not follow, and soon Will be wei
chilled and ready To die.
All coops should be on high orou,a
so as 10 be dry as possible. Younc
turkeys arc very tender and cannoI
stand 10 be wet very much.
nave seen an ash heap or leach
work havoc among young tnrkovv 49,
were near it.-R. b. r.. Illinois
The Ogden standard. [volume] (Ogden City, Utah) 1902-1910, 1909-05-22
IMPROPER COLT BREAKING
Education of the Young Horse
Should Begin EARLY and
Gentleness Be Exercised.
BY JAMES NJ. BELL. VIRGINIA.

II requires patience and judgment to
prevent the ruin OF a colt In the first
months handling on many large
farms where the owners trust the or
binary laborer TO break and work the
colts numbers OK them are made vicious
and balky by rough and ignorant ham
dling
1t is no unusual sight to sec a we'll
bred. hIgh-strunG colt taken up to be
broken in his third year which never
even had halter on him. The process
Is TO get the hands together at the
stable. hustle the colt into a corner,
throw moose over his head and drag
him near enough to get blind bride
on him.
BY this time he is sweating like a
bull from fear. Next comes the har-
Messing or gearing up" Collar har-
ness and traces are put on him by
hands who are only used to working
The Ogden standard. [volume] (Ogden City, Utah) 1902-1910, 1909-05-22
SELL NOTHING BUT THE BEST

IL farmers will make II a rule TO send
only the best To tho market they viii
get moro money for one-half OF the
crop when prices arc low than for the
whole When the markets are well
supplied only the best will sell. Not
only should the articles be selected
but they should be uniform-of tho
same quality-at tho bottom of the bas-
ket as at the top. Instead of reducing
the price of potatoes by sending the
very small ones to market, keep those
that are unstable. feed them on the
farm and they will then be more VAL
liable.
The Ogden standard. [volume] (Ogden City, Utah) 1902-1910, 1909-05-22
BEAUTIFUL FLOWER BORDERS

Tho arrangement OF the flowers OIL
the home grounds counts for as rnuc'
as the ldnd and number of flowers
themselves. yard may be full o.
flowers and yet not be beautiful
There may be 4 few flowers In th'
same yard and still 1t may be vcrs
beautiful The way the flowers ar
arranged makes the difference.
Where shall the flowers be planted
is n question with many. The answer
is. plant them where they VIII show
beauty In themselves and at the Same
time enhance the general beauty oil the
dwelling and grounds.
To accomplish this they must not be
planted In haphazard way-a clumr
here a bed there and struggling mass
some place else. Also never plant SO
that one plant or mass hides another
Plant with the design OF unity and
harmony.
The best place for flowers Is in bor-
ders along tho side of the yard or
around and close to the base of the
dwelling house. In this way they are
more out OF the way. arc as easily cul-
tivated as otherwise, and they help to
frame and unity the setting.
A border of flowers along the base
of the house is in easy reach for care
and cultivation. and 1t enhances the
appearance OF the structure, broadening
It's base and harmonizng it with sur
rounding natural objects.
The outer border along the side fence
or between the front and back yard
should be filled with the larger and
more snowy decorative plants. 1t
should be planted with the larger ones
next To the fence and the smaller ones
in front of them. so that mono are
hidden from view.
The flower border may be straight
occupies. but the best effect is pro-
duced by making the margins irregu-
larly curved, since natural lines of
planting are that way.
single border may be Of one kind
of plants or OF many kinds. Where
different kinds Of plants are used
avoid placing what will produce dis
cord OF colors when the plants come
into bloom
The mixed border is very interesting
and may be made beautiful IL proper
skill is used In grouping the plants
Many plants are effective in individual
borders. among which are asters. sal
Was. calladiums. hollyhocks. iriscs. can
mas. hydrangcas and the hardy pcren
NAL phlox
The lawn is the PRINCIPAL part OF the
lorre grounds rpd no pln1tln~. whether
If 1owcrs. shrubs or trees should mar
is unity o. sccpa
BY nassiHr the other rlNnts in hor-
lers The lawn = uaobstrnctel for use
md has full chance CT an abunHence |
'f direct sunliSht and air without
which Il VIII not thrive nor Will tho |
'oIl it occunies be a healthful place |
or human living,
Let tho lawn be one unbrollen mass I
II grass plants, and mass all otho-
'l7ntings in borders where they WIN
lot interfere with st. but VIII be Just /
IS beautiful in tbemselves.-H H I
Shepard.
The Ogden standard. [volume] (Ogden City, Utah) 1902-1910, 1909-05-22
TO KEEP THE COWS WELL
1t Requires Some Care and At
tention, but Is Both Humane
and Profitable.
BY W. R. K1LprRr. CALGARY. CANADA

By w. R. KILBERT. CALGARY. CANADA
The two great scourges in calf rear
ing arc the white scours and the lung
affection. which latter has been proved
to be quite preventable. The method
requires extreme but not Iabcrious care
in carrying out When this care is
taken satisfactory results are obtained
Investigation has proved. first, that
the disease Is located in districts; and.
second, that ii Is more prevalent where
sanitary conditions arc not perfect;
third, that the disease Is contracted
through allowing the infectious matter
of the place when the calf Is dropped
to come into contact with the navel of
the young calf, through which IL finds
its way into the circulation OF the anil
NAL
The remedy is to have the place for
the young calf carefully cleansed and
as soon as the calf comes into the
world to dress the navel with prepa-
ration of carbolic acid that VIII destroy
The Ogden standard. [volume] (Ogden City, Utah) 1902-1910, 1909-05-22
NOTES OF THE SHEEP FOLD

Whether You own email flock or
count your sheep by the hundreds. tho
importance OF using good rams should
not be lost sight OF. He is the very
foundation OF your breeding stock.
Breed straight and improve vour
stock Don't be led away by some
cross S-brecding that looks good to you
one cross may answer, but in tho
end cross-breedlng becomes very
complicated affair and has ruined rnora
than one flock OF sheep
A short-sighted policy of using =
scrub ram is the cause of the inferiorI-
ty of the average flock on our farms
VIII people never realize tho foo,
that they cannot afford to grow scruh
males?
The Ogden standard. [volume] (Ogden City, Utah) 1902-1910, 1909-05-22

fTbe drawings from which the iliustrh'ions !
ibis article were made are by Professor Apo's'
81 Soule Georgin Agricultural eollegc.l
The deep set corn plow ripping it'
devastating way through the roots ol
the plants, creating havoc at every
Jump. is familiar sight in the corn
belt and in every state where corn Is
grown.
The damage TO the growing corn and
the consequent loss of grain by check
ing the growth of the plant cannot,
of course. be estimated, but that the
damage runs into millions OF bushels
is not TO be doubted.
Too many farmers have yet to learn
that deep plowing in the cornfield
should be done before planting and
not after When il is known that corn
roots penetrate the ground-and hard
ground at that-to the depth of three
feet or more, and also spread out on
each side for an equal distance. the
damage from deep plowing Is apparent
II corn is cultivated deeply and 6le
plow runs close to the plant, the lateral
roots arc broken and those not dis
turbed grow deeper into the soil But
the reduction in the number Of roots.
of course. lessons the ability of the
plants to take up moisture and plant
The Ogden standard. [volume] (Ogden City, Utah) 1902-1910, 1909-05-22
a, closed; e, open.
THE LOST CUO

i wish. said an experienced vetcri-
nary. that had all the cloth which has
been wasted In manufacturing cuds Ia
replace those lost" This is one of
the dregs of superstition which still
cllngs in some places. The cud Is re-
turned to the mouth after entering the
first stomach, and It's loss Is generally
an indication of indigestion
This is most prevalent in winter
when COWS arc heavily grained. Should
1t appear in summer when they are on
pasture, but receiving some grain. It
is well to remove the latter ration for
few days. After a day or two give
one pound OF cpsom salts and two
ounces ground ginger root mixed In
two quarts OF warm water. After she
resumes her cud. feed for a time of
green Srass and good hay, gradually
working back to the grain ration.
The Ogden standard. [volume] (Ogden City, Utah) 1902-1910, 1909-05-22
cow PEAS FOR VINEYARDS

Cow peas are a good crop for vino
yards, The grapes are given tboromnh
cultivation until late June vban r.
COW peas are sown. Before This 49,
ticc was begun 1t was a prohIon, -
hold the soil about the roots ar ~
vines. After cropping with COW -
FOR several seasons the lana
but little and the vines grow ha,.I
ana pear better The COW peas make
INTO INC mud when pruning in wet
"ea'ner IN late winter or carly spring
The Ogden standard. [volume] (Ogden City, Utah) 1902-1910, 1909-05-22

Shake tho bedding up in each pei
daily and toss out tho dampcst of II.
Never allow dust to accumulate ol
the partitions and pens used for feed
1t is always injurious to the hogs
health. II you are In the habit o
feeding hogs corn scattered in the mu
or dust of dry yard. build smal
feeding floor and use It,
Go into any herd that is fed In th
dust from thrown down corn and vol
VIII hear much wheeling and cough
Ing. This is bad on all hogs and espe|
cialIy those kept for breeding pur|
poses.
Set your feeding floor off the groun|
four to six inches and build Il solidl|
of good timber. Around the whole ede|
nail a 2x4, as shown in the Illustration
This prevents lots of shelled or es
corn being pushed off into the dirt an
dust
Sweep off the floor before fcedln
Never overlook this. A floor Of tn
The Ogden standard. [volume] (Ogden City, Utah) 1902-1910, 1909-05-22
NoIeS OF THE POULTRY YARD

with over seventy distinct broods =,
lo~'s to select from 1T always seemed
curious TO me why some DeonIo g.
e'sted upon Keeping scrub hens
"hen poultry is being ss-brod ,o.
special purposes. such as roaS,orn
oroiiers. etc, believe that bette ra
SUITS VIII come when we use mol =,
INC smaller breed and hens oT ~
larger breed OF fowls.
INCUBATOR chicks should be- fod r,,.7,
moro caution than those hstchcd w,t,
mems Their artificial condition r,s,,o'
tnem moro delicate and more sI,so~r.,
ture 'enperd-
With poultry there Is greater o-
.unlty Tor choice among a LONG lie, -,
breeds than among any Other III liza. q.
OK stock We can select color acnanS
ing TO our taste: we can breed for oaI
OF ier nesb, for sitters or non-s,,,eEa
LOT large or small fowls. O.
We may choose breed whose
are either white. buf, brown Lar s 81, ss
small and can be certain tbot vi
olteprins will resemble their am nc