Weekly journal-miner., 1909-12-08
ECONOMY THE KEYNOTE
 OF PRESIDENTS MESSAGE
Continued from Page One.)

the issuance of the writ of injune- tion should be more accurately de- fined by statute, and that no in- junction or temporary restraining order should be issued without mo- tice, except where irreparable injury would result from delay, in which
 case a speedy hearing thereafter should be granted
 I recommend that in compliance with the promise thus made appro- priate legislation be adopted. The ends of justice will best be met and the chief cause of complaint against ill-considered injunetions without mo- tiee will be removed by the enact ment of a statute forbidding here after the issuing of any injunction or restraining order, whether tenn porary or permanent, by any federal court without previous notice and reasonable opportunity to be heard on behalf of the parties to be en- joined; unless it shall appear to the satisfaction of the court that the delay necessary to give such notice and bearing would result in ire parable injury to the complainant and unless dlSO luc COuii oAfiAi the evidence make a written finding which shall be spread upon the court minutes that immediate and irrepar- able injury is likely to ensue to the complainant, and shall define the ln- iurv. state why it is irreparable and shall also endorse on the order ls- sued the date and the hour Of the issuance of the order. Moreover, every such injunction or restraining order issued without previous notice and opportunity by the defendant to be heard should by force of the statute expire and be of no effect after seven days from the issuance thereof or within any time less than that period which the court may hX, unless within such seven days or such less period the injunction or order is extended or renewed after proper notice and opportunity to be heard. My judgment IS that tne passage of such an act, which really embodies the best practice in equity and is very like the rule now m force in some courts, will prevent the issuing of ill-advised orders of ln- iunction without notice and Twill render such orders when issued much less objectionable by the short tune in which they may remain effective.
 Antitrust and Interstate
 Commerce Laws.
 The jurisdiction of the government over interstate commerce has been left to the passage of the so-ealled "Sherman antitrust law" and the "Interstate Commerce law" and its amendments. The developments in the operation of those laws, as shown by indictments, trials, judicial de- cisiOns and other sources of informa- ton call for a discussion and some suggestions as to amendments. These prefer to embody in a special message instead of including them in the present communication, and shall avail myself of the first con- venient opportunity to bring these subjects to the attention of the congress.
 Second Class Mail Matter.
 The deficit every year in the post office department is largely caused | by the low rate of postage of one cent a pound charged on seeond-elass | mail matter, which includes not only newspapers but magazines, miseellan- eous periodicals. The actual loss growing out of the transmission of this second-class mail matter at one cent a pound amounts to about $63,- 0OO,000 a year. The average cost of the transportation of this matter is more than nine cents a pound. It appears that the average distance over which newspapers are delivered to their customers is 291 miles, while the average haul of magazines is l ,O49 and of miscellaneous periodicals l, ,12S miles.
 Thus, the average haul of the mag azine is three and one-half times and that of the miscellaneous period cal nearly four times the haul of the daily newspaper, yet all of them pay the same postage rate of one cent a pound. The statistics of 1907 { show that secOnd-class mail matter 63.9ll per cent of the weight of all the mail and yielded ; only 3.19 per cent of the revenue.
 A great saving might be made, to much more than half ,f the loss, by imposing upon maga- zines and periodicals a higher rate If postage. They are much heavier han newspapers and contain a much I higher proportion of advertising to 'eading matter and the average dis ance is three and a half times as ( treat.
 Postal Savings Banks.
 The second subject worthy of men ion in the postofice department is T he real necessity and entire practie- J bility of establishing postal savings e ,anks. The successful party at the ast election declared in favor of d 'ostal savings banks and although l he proposition finds opponents in l many parts of the country, I am V onvinced that the people desire such t anks and am sure that when the e anks are furnished they will be pro- uctive of the utmost good. The Ostal savings banks are not consti- uted for the pOstOffiee creating com t etitiOn with other banks. The rate Ii