davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1909-12-10
PUBLICITY FOR UNIONS.
Humanity's Debt to Organized Labor
Too Little Known.

Too Little Known.
1t occurs TO me that the duty of la
Dor during the crisis through which 1t
is passing is to stand firmly and con-
sistently for the rights of the wage
earners as citizens on all occasions
and at all opportunities. writes James
NJ. Lynch. president of the Interna-
tional Typographical union. in the
American Federationist The enemy,
as typified by the hostile associations
of manufacturers is constantly pac-
in as bad light as possible, and the
unfavorable reflection Is emphasized
by a parallel illustration seeking to
show that these hostile associations
are not opposed to trades unions, but
only to trades unions as they are con-
Quoted.
How many people are familiar with
trades unions as they are conducted?
How many trades unions avail them
selves Of avenues Of publicity that are
open to them to place their benefac-
lions before the people?
How many trades unions realize the
value of favorable public opinion?
The unfair critics know this value
and they are constantly availing them
selves of 1t.
Our unions. or many of them, con-
tent themselves with raging at their
detractors rather than themselves seek
ing the public ear and public approval
If benefits accrue. why should not
the public know of them?
II out of work relief is furnished,
why should not the people be made
acquainted with that benefaction?
If death benefit is provided. why is
It not a good thing for the people to
know?
If improved working conditions re-
suit through the combinations of the
toilers, IL better wages are secured. IL
insanitary conditions are ameliorated.
If we participate In the great move
ments against plaques. such as tuber-
culosis and typhoid; If we do our part
In the crusade against child labor,
why should not the people know?
The national officers, or the MAORI
ty of them, appreciate the value Of
such publicity as am attempting to
outline. but the local unions do not
appreciate its value.
Let Parry. Van Cleave and their sue
cessor. Kirby, rest in innocuous desue-
tude.
Let us sell our own wares instead OF
deriding those of the other fellow.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1909-12-10
THE COWARDLY GUTTER.
He Cuts a Poor Figure In the Trades
Union Movement

| He Cuts Poor Figure In the Trades
Union Movement.
To successfully fight the battles Of
labor requires courage of a high order
The wage Garner without means who
goes on strike for more pay or to resist
| reductions in wages and does it with
out finching is brave
1t is such as these who have made
unionism what it is today.
1t sometimes requires or has requir-
Ell high moral courage to even be iden-
| titled with unionism in localities where
hostile commercial interests are in con
| troll and are INSCRIPTIONS enough TO
manipulate the police, the courts and
the law to serve their ends regardless
of the rights of citizens
Sometimes in strong union centers
/ feeling among union men may run
high upon a certain issue. and to hold
views opposite to the majority may be
unpopular. but if a member is honest
In his conviction ne is entitled to re-
spect. provided he is not running coun-
ter to the law Of his union.
1t is the strong men with the cour-
age Of their convictions who have re-
fused to be scared by the employers or
by commercial interests or by their
fellow workers who have built up the
union movement
The gutter never won strike nor
established a right nor a union nor
caused principle TO be adopted
The gutter seeks to avoid trouble
even by abject surrender.
He seeks TO sugar coat the union pill
TO tickle the palate of commercial in
terests regardless Of the rights In
volved
In controversial matters, when his
associates divide sharply In opposing
groups, he seeks some middle or com
promise ground in the vain hope that
be can please both sides and conse-
quently has the respect Of neither.
He has the brains Of jellyfsh and
the backbone of an angleworm.
He is deeply susceptible to hattery,
and pat on the back by employing in
terests will cause his chest to expand
wonderfully.
Like a steam engine without a gov
ernor. he has no control over his own
speed and, while a gllmmer of reason
might tell him he had a conviction and
ought to fight for 1t, his legs will run
away with him faster than he can
think.
If It is a strike he is liable to come
In the back door before the last of his
associates have gone out by the front
In a controversy among his associ-
ates he can perform the acrohatic
stunt of sitting on a fence and hang
ing over both sides at one and the
same time.
He is not OF the stun of which mar
tyrs are made.
He has not a single heroic figure in
the history OF the whole world.
Men OF conviction OF purpose, OF res
olution, determination and tenacity,
are the ones who make history
The gutter is of very little use any
where and least OF all In the trades
union movement
His vacillating views and sail trim
ming methods win for him the con-
tempt of his associates.
Some one has said. The Almighty
hates a gutter. shoe Workers Jour
nal.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1909-12-10
COMPULSORY ARBITRATION.
Medium by Which Australasia Solved
the Labor Problems.

] Nl'S GaSSl ' -LlGHiss
/ That inquiry through state machin-
cry is the remedy for strikes and lock
outs in the United States is the opinion
of Colonel H. WeiustucE of san Fran.
| cisco who recently returned from an
eighteen months study of labor condi-
tons in Europe, Australasia and the
orient Colonel WeiuSto.k was special
Iy commissioned by Governor Gillett
Of California to Investigate labor laws
in the different industrial countries.
There are three methods which may
be used iu the solution OF these prob
lens said Colonel Weinstock The
first is voluntary arbitration. which has
practically failed the world over; the
second compulsory arbitration. which
has succeeded in Australasia but
would not fit into our conditions; the
third public inquiry through state ma
chinery The latter is the nearest to
state Intervention that our laws will
permit and to me is the solution of our
troubles and disputes.
In my Investigations ! have found
that the European industrial countries
are very much in the condition we are
in. They are out with searchlights
trying to find a remedy for the increas-
ing strikes and lockouts.
Australia and New Zealand more
nearly than any other country that |
visited have solved the problem They
have solved it there by compulsory
arbitration and during the last ff-
teen years. the time in which their
laws have been in operation. while
they have not enjoyed the degree of
industrial peace that the early pro
moters of the law had hoped for, ow-
ing to improper administration, they
have nevertheless enjoyed industrial
peace more than any other industrial
country in the world.
But l have reached the conclusion
that compulsory arbitration as it is
carried out in Australasia would not
fit into our conditions, for the reason
that it is not constitutional in the
United States for state to fix a wage
in private undertakings, whereas in
Australia that can be and is done-the
state fixes minimum wage for every
industry that comes in under the law.
Il have reached the conclusion as
the result Of my investigations that
the time is imperative for state inter
veution, more especially in connection
with labor troubles relating to public
utilities, in which the public has far
more at stake than either the employ
ers or wage earners.
Therefore in the interest of the pub
lie the state ought to take a hand in
the adjustment of such labor disputes
by a system of public inquiry which
would have in mind the bringing to-
gether Of both parties before a strike
or lockout is declared in the hope of
an agreement being reached. This
thing has been aimed at by many states
and many European industrial coun-
tries. but has failed, because the com
ing together for Cancellation has been
made under the law voluntary. The
remedy lies in making the getting to-
gether compulsory"
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1909-12-10
6uv Union Label Goods,

While we shall not lose sight of those
who are opposing the orderly progress
of labor. II is our duty 10 give our as
sistance TO those who are friendly TO
us, aud we can do this by refusing TO
purchase any article that has not at
tached to 1t the emblem of fair wages.
short hours and clean and sanitary
workshops-the union label.
Let us resolve that In the future that
neither ourselves. our wives nor chill
dren will patronize any product unless
it bears the union label Of the trade
engaged in its manufacture and we
will have done something OF benefit TO
ourselves and our fellow workers as
well. Thomas f. Tracy in American
Federationist.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1909-12-10
LABOR BRIEFS.

The Janitors union OF New York
publishes monthly magazine, the
Janitors' Journal.
Referendum election OF general offi-
GERS has been abolished by the Boot
and Shoe Workers union.
DR.. Cook wore clothing bearing the
label of the United Garment Workers
of America on his trip to the pole.
Fifteen thousand union workman
took part in the parade of welcome to
President Gompers at Washington on
his return from Europe.
Herman Ross OF Washington, ID. c..
has been elected international organ
lzer of the Bakery aud Confectionery
Workers International Union OF Amer
lea
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1909-12-10
New Rules For Printers Home

One of the most important decisions
reached by The trustees of The Union
Printers home at their recent annual
meeting mt Colorado Springs is that
making ten years membership In the
International Typographical union, in
stead of five years. as formerly. neees-
sary for admission to the home In
ease OF sickness or accident. 4 mem
hership ~ five years is still sufficient
to enable member suffering from tn
berculosis To he admitted to the home
The trustees announced that the $50
MD library addition will be finished by
Dec. l. The addition includes new
kitchen equipped In the most modern
way
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1909-12-10

relation between the buyer and the
seller of labor being lost-it came about
quite naturally that the workman COM
bined his efforts with the efforts of
others in his class in order to command
collectively that consideration from the
the employer which each employee had
received individually in the earlier
stages of the factory system.
First the men in separate shops
talked over their common interests In
friendly discussions while at their
work Later they continued these dis
cussions In the evening at some APP
pointed meeting place. and the local
trades union was born. With the
growth of class consciousness local
declarations of labor followed. recog-
nizing he common interests of all hand
workers in the community and these
declarations. in turn. became united in
n national labor movement in which
the welfare of the individual became
subordinated to the welfare of the toll
ers as a class.-Jonatha T. Lincoln in
Atlantic.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1909-12-10
Caring For the Unemployed.

In France. Germany. England and
other foreign countries the government
goes To much more trouble to find
work for the unemployed than do the
federal and state authorities in the
United States. In these foreign coun-
tries labor exchanges have been estab-
lished. so that surplus labor from con-
gested districts can be sent TO points
where there Is demand for workmen.
both skilled and nnskilled. and so far
this has been OF great assistance In
reducing the evil caused by unemploy-
ment.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1909-12-10

The International Printing Press
men and Assistants union has issued
an appeal To local unions asking as
siStancc In raising he 100000 fund tc
purchase the Hale Springs property in
Hawkins county. Tenn. sixty miles
east of Knoxville. for the establish.
ment of a national home for aged and
disabled pressmen. The property in
cludes a hotel and $40 acres Of land
with five mineral springs.
The labor journal. [volume] (Everett, Wash.) 1909-1976, 1909-12-10
development OF UNIoNIsM.
Logical outsrowth Of the Change In
the Factory System.

the Factory System.
The development of unionism was as
natural as the development Of the fac
tory system. which made the associa-
ton of workers necessary. So long as
factory owners and factory operatives
worked side by side in the shop. so
long as the man who bought and the
man who sold labor belonged TO the
same social class. so long as close
D,ersoal relation existed between mas
.'srer and man. there was no need for or
ganIzed labor. but when In the COM
plicated development Of the factory sys-
tenn the employer once associated In
business with the employee. found In
the management of the concern his
sole occupation and became separated
from the workman by a hierarchy OF
foremen aud overseers-the personal
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1909-12-01

Busy Days for President TAFT

Busy Days for President Taft.
During his swing through the Yves
and South President Taft has mad,
voluminous promises of reforms to b,
enacted by the administration during
the coming session of Congress. If hi
carries out even majority of thes'
assurances his work will be cut out
Even his strenuous predecessor nevel
outlined a program so extensive ant
diversified.
Here are the principal matters tina
President Taft has pledged the admin
istration to accomplish:
Creation of central bank of issu,
which shall control the treasury re
serve and deal with currency strin
gencies.
Establishment of a postal saving.
bank system.
Adoption of the proposed amend
ment to the constitution authorizins
the levying Of an income tax, such ia,
to be enforced only in cases of ma
tional emergency.
Addition of feature to the corpora
ton tax imposing tax upon interes
to be paid, thus reducing the amour
of interest a corporation would pa,
to bondholders to the extent of the ia,
collected.
Recommendation that no further
changes be made in the tariff durin;
the administration.
States, not the federal government
to correct swollen fortunes by mean.
of drastic Inheritance laws.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1909-12-01
A Misunderstanding

f. .
"You really think this Of me. Jim?"
Betty grasped the back of the chair
against which she was leaning and
her face whitened perceptibly. She
had known all the morning that this
moment would come. the moment when
Jim must question her as to where
she had been the evening before and
with whom she had spent the time
AS she was not at liberty to give a
full explanation her heart sank with.
In her.
Betty, what else can l think? You
admit you went motoring with Cap
tain Carstairs and that owing to the
car breaking down you did not reach
home until 2 o'clock in the morning
Do you expect me to believe that? Is
not 1t proof enough?"
No. Jim, it's not"
Then I don't know what is. Di-
rectly I'm safely out of the way you
go OF with your lover and
Stop. Jim; that's enough" And
Betty with the haughtiest of looks on
her lovely little face walked slowly
out of the room. although she felt as
though her heart would break.
Jim, smothering an oath, gazed at
ter the dainty little figure with a
frown upon his face.
Could 1t be possible that his Betty.
the. girl whom he had chosen above
all the world for his wife, was guilty?
Yet had she not said she went mo-
toring with Captain Carstairs and did
not circumstances look black against
her?
Unable to bear the silence longer
and too proud to go to Betty to hear
the full story from her lips. Jim
mechanically put on his coat and hat
banged the door loudly behind him
and went In the direction of his club.
Meanwhile Betty upstairs was sit
ting in her boudoir gazing into the
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1909-12-01
Protect our national credit.


For the first time in thirty years
United States bonds have sold below
par, Panama per cents changing
hands the other day at 99Js.
These bonds are bought by banks to
deposit as basis for the issue of
bank notes. What will happen If Sena-
tor Aldrich's central bank monopol-
ICES the issue of currency. thus re-
moving from national banks the neces-
sity of buying government bonds?
Who is going to buy government 2
per cents, with SO many other safe
available investments that will pay
higher interest?
The cash balance on hand of the
United States treasury is small, the
deficit of currency expenses over rev.
enue is piling up every day, and ma
tional bonds are depreciating in value.
What is the cause?
Theodore Roosevelt's reckless ex.
travagance set "a pace in national
waste of money which left the White
House mortgaged. Under President
Taft conditions have not improved.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1909-12-01
Senator Aldrlch,s IDEAS.

Senator Aldrich made his first
speech in his Western campaign Sat
urday night at Chicago. A few days
before his appearance it was announc.
ed that the Senator had no thought Of
urging any special plan on the people
and that his principal idea was to give
us Westerners chance to become ac-
quainted with him that we might see
that he was unadorned with horns
and hoofs. AS our objection is not to
the Aldrich personality but to the Al
drich theory of government, we are
not able to see how an exhibition of
his personality will do much to change
our attitude. What we "in these parts"
quarrel with is the control of the gov
eminent by such men as Aldrich and
Cannon. in the interest of the inter.
ests." News.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1909-12-01
FOR COUSIN coRNEI1A.

The Girls Fixed Up the Guest Room
with Frilly Things.
There" Emile said, with a sigh Of
satisfaction, 81 believe that is the last
touch. Wasn't 1t fortunate, Pen, that
that pincushion Della Stacey gave you
Christmas was yellow? 1t fits as If
| it grew here; it certainly is beauty"
"Umw responded Pen, doubtfully.
Emile turned with suspicion born Of
lifelong acquaintance
Nov what is it?" she asked. ut
is pretty. even If 1t is frilly.'"
Nothing. was Just wondering
whether Cousin Cornelia liked pin
cushions in the shape of roses, and
frilly whisk-broom cases, and green
ribboned hatpin cushions and carved
glove cases that you can't keep the
dust out Of"
Emile dropped into chair and
looked at her sister.
Pen Merrifield, what do you mean?
Haven't we put all our prettiest things
into our guest room?"
4 "Prettiest-and fussiest! i wouldn't
be hired to live with them. and have
to put pins back in the same holes,
and never dare sit on the bed and
Don't look SO, EN-! I'm brute! It
is ever sospretty, and maybe Cousin
Cornelia adores such things. / de.
serve TO be shut up in a whitewashed
cell for even suggesting such horrid
heresies."
! Pen penitent. was always irresisti.
BILE. Besides. Pen always did have
queer notions. The idea of a guest
room without fancy pincushion!
Cousin Cornelia arrived at o'clock.
Pen gave a smothered gasp when she
saw her-certainly she didn't look
"frilly;;" but apparently Emile was
not troubled She took their guest up.
stairs, chattering all the way in her
pretty fashion.
Ten minutes later, when the girls
were together in their room, there was
knock at the door. Emile, opening
lit, stared speeches.. Cousin Cornelia
stood before her. Over Cousin Cornelia's
shoulders were the lace bedspread
and pillow-shams; in her hands was q
miscellaneous assortment, in which the
yellow rose pincushion, the green-rib-
boned hatpin cushion and the lace bu-
reau cover were prominent.
II always think it's foolishness,-
Cousin Cornelia remarked, mot to be
comfortable If you can. couldn't be
comfortable a minute with these GIN
cracks. Give me a plain bedspread If
you've got one-if not, I'll do without,
and hemstitched towel for the, bu-
reau, and a tray or anything
without ribbons. for pins. I've suf-
fered enough trying not to spoil guest
room folderols in places where
couldn't speak out. hut when I'm
among relatives I'm going to have
the relief Of telling the truth"
Yes, indeed. Cousin Cornelia. I'm
SO glad you did," Emile replied, meek
lily. She did not glance at Pen; but
Pen. who was generous, gravely re-
llieved Cousin Cornelia of the lace
counterpane.-Youth's Companion.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1909-12-01
shoemaker,s candles.


well remember some seventy years
ago seeing fiat candles in use. To
produce what was known as the fiat
candle. which was also sometimes
called "shoemaker's CANDLE" two new
ly-made dips" were pressed close to
each other while soft and then again
lowered into the hot fat. thus holding
them together as one candle with two
wicks. The size could then be In
creased If desired. This fiat candle
was most generally used by shoemak-
ers and tailors. but was made use Of
in some households whenever an ex-
ira bright light for working or read.
ing was required.-Cor. Dickensian.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1909-12-01
CHANGE IN MUIR GLACIER.
Iceberg. Have Drifted from Face,
Making a visit Pos.ible.

iceberEa Have Drifted from Face,
Making a Visit Possible.
Something wonderful has recently
taken place in Alaska. This is the
drifting away of icebergs from the
front Of Muir glacier, in Glacier Bay,
so that for the first time in nine years
this famous glacier, the most noted on
the continent, has been visited. In
1899 submarine earthquake took
place at Yakutat, and ever since the
approach to this glacier has been 80
choked with ice that boats have turned
away with their passengers disap-
pointed. Now. through some peculiar
drifting of the Ice, steamboats, can
enter the channel and after cautious
ly pushing their way get a glimpse
of the left face.
+ In the nine years away from the
sight of man this glacier has shown
remarkable changes, says an exchange.
When Prof. John Muir, after whom it
was named, visited it, 1t had solid
face two miles long, about $50 feet
above the water line. It was live
glacier, and great masses of ice
toppled into the sea with reverbera-
tions like thunder. Water would
splash fifty feet high and the sight
was fearsome and fascinating.
To-day the glacier assumes DIFF
ferent aspect. Erosion has worked out
new bay which will soon be chart
ed, and the glacier itself seems to
have two parts, the live part, from
which icebergs break and fall with a
tremendous noise, and dead arm,
or one with land forming between 1t
and the sea. This change is due to
a hill which projected through the
top Of the ice when Prof Muir was
there. Now that hilltop is a large
mountain dividing the ice fields. The
ice has also receded at least four
miles in the nine years.
This is without doubt the most re-
markable known glacier on this con-
tinent, though Alaska has other won
derful glaciers which occupy clefts
high up in the mountains. and some
OF which have an elevation of 5000
feet. Among those are the Taku, Da-
wilson, Window and LIE Coute. But
Muir glacier has 1854 square miles OF
ice, and presents such an imposing
sight that 1t is considered the crown
ing glory of Alaska's stupendous seem
ery-the sight of lifetime.