The Montgomery advertiser., 1909-12-08

l turn by all of the five Central ATeri- | can Republics, to exert itself for the
 every compiaint has been against the
 Zelaya Government of Nicarasua,
 which has kept Central America in
 constant tension or turmoil. Tne re- | Central American Republics. as due l from the United states on account or I its relation to the Washington Con
 ventions. have been at all times con | servattve and have avoided. so Tar as possible. any semblance of fnterfer- ence. although it is very apparent that | the considerations of geographic prox-
 imity to the Canal Zone and of the @ very
 traI America give to the United states
 a special position in the zone ol uiese | republics and the Caribbean sea.
 | l need not rehearse here the patient | efforts of this Government. to promote | peace and welfare among these hepup- l lies. efforts which are fuily appre-
 loyal to their true interests. It would be no less unnecessary to rehearse heIe | the sad tale or unspeakabie parparl-
 ties and oppression alleged to have
 ment. Recently two Americans were
 put to death by order Of President 4 1eIaya himself. They were regularly
 commissioned officers In the orsahhiz5 haa
 continued many weeks and was In 1 control of about half of the republic.
 and as such, according to the modern
 enlightened practice of civilized na tions. they were entitled to be dealt with as prisoners of war.
 l At the date when this message IS
 printed this government mas s,,h .er aha Zelaya government, for reason made public in a communication to the TOT, mer Nicaraguan charge daffaires, ana Is intending to take such future steps as may be found most consistent With | it's dignity, its duty to American in- terests and It's moral obligations 10
 Central America and to eiT1lrSaoh fnr us to
 bring this subject to the attennon ol
 the Congress in special message. The International Bureau Of Amer | can Republics has carried on an Import | ant and increasing work during the | last year. In the exercise Of lIs pc, | culiar functions as an lnternatlonaai l agency. maintained by all the AIneI. af | n-American commerce and friend i ship, it has accomplished a great prac. ticai good which could be done In the
 or bureau of one government, and IS;
 sunport. su The fact that 1t is about to
 enter Q new building, erected tnronsh htIh inc munificence of an American phii- anthropist and the contributions or aiI the American nations. where both us efficiency of administration and. expense of maintenance will naturally be much
 suemented. further entities it to spo- ciai consideration.
 The Far Fast.
 Tn the Far East this government
 preserves unchanged its policy Of sup. porting the principle of equality or opportunity and scrupulous respect Tor The integrity of the Chinese Empire, to which policy are pledged the inter
 ested powers of both East and West. By the Treaty of 1905 China has nn- dertaken the abolition of ltkin with nTnnnrti0nAtR raising or the customs tarin along with currency reform. These reforms being or man ifest advantage to foreign cominefee as well as to the interests or China' l this government is endeayoring to fa- | cilitate these measures and the neeo- | ful acauiescence of the treaty powers. | When 1t appeared that Chinese liRln | revenues were to be hypothecated 10 | foreign bankers in connection with a | great railway project, 1t was opVlous | that the governments whose nationals | held this loan would have a certain direct interest in the question Of the l carving ont by China of the reforms tin question. Because this railroaa Rloan represented practical and real Iapplication of tue open door pollcy co operation with China by 1 of its relations to the reforms fe1erreu to above. the administration. deemed l American participation to be Of Ereat national interest. Happily, when II was as a matter of broad policy ur- gent that this opportunity should nor | be lost. the indispensable instrument ality presented itself when group | of American bankers. of international reputation and great resources. agreed | at once tc share in the loan upon pre- | cisely such terms as this government | should approve. The chief of those | terms was that American railway ma | terial should be upon an exact equal | ity with that of the other nationals l Joining in the loan in the placing of | orders for this whole railroad sys- I tenn After months of negotiation the | seems at last assured. It Is gratifying that Americans will thus take their share in this extension of these great highway of trade. and to believe that
 such activities will give a real impet- | us to our commerce and will prove
 a practical corollary to our historic policy in the Far East.
 The Imperial Chinese Government | in pursuance of it's decision to devote
 funds from the portion ot the indem- nity remitted bv the United States to
 the sending of students to this coun- try has already completed arrange
 and a considerable body of students | have arrived to ake up their work in
 our schools and universities. No one | can doubt the happy effect that the as- | sociations formed by these represent | ative young men will have when they
 return to take up their work in the
 progressive development of their coun-
 try.
 held at Shanghai last spring at the in
 vitation of the United States have been
 laid before the government. The re-
 port shows that China Is making re- l markable progress and admirable et- l forts toward the eradication of the | opium evil and that the governments | concerned have not allowed their com-
 mercial interests to interfere with a
 helpfuI cooperation in this reform. | Collateral investigations of the opium l question in this country lead me to | recommend that the manufacture, sale
 and use of opium and it's derivatives
 in the United States should be so Tar
 as possible more vigorously controlled
 by legislation.
 In one of the Chinese Japanese con-
 ventions of September 4 ot this year 1 there was provision which caused | considerable public apprehension in that upon its face it was believed In | some quarters to seek to establish | monopoly of mining privileges along the south Manchurian and Antung- l Mukden Railroads and thus to exclude I Americans from wide field of enter | urlse to take part in which they were by treaty with China entitled. Alter | A thorough examination or the con. ventions and of the several conteXtua' | reached the conclusion that no such monopoly was intended or accomplish | ed However, in view of the wide | spread discussion of this question: |" confirm the view 1t had reached. this
 government made inquiry or the I'm perial Chinese and Japanese govern
 ments and received from each official
 assurance that the provision had no
 purpose inconsistent with the policy of equality of opportunity to which