davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1909-09-17

The sextant also tells Just when the
sun reaches the highest point in the
heavens, which of course is moon at that
place as veil as on all places on that
meridian on the earth. It:also tells the
slant af the>sun north or south at that
time and with the astronomical tables
in the nautical" almanac, calculations
give the position north or south of the
i7equator,,or the latitude of the observer
!! Theoretically, these calculations would
be correct were it not for some things
which depend upon circumstances which
in turniare to be judged by the observ-
er. The principal one of these is the
fact that the sun is not always, perhaps
never, just where it seems to bo 1t is a
fact that sometimes the sun has really
gone down at sunset several seconds or
even minutes while yet nm sight. This
is caused by refraction.
When light passes through different
media'it is bent. The most common ex-
ample lis shown by stick which is part
ly in and partly out OF the water. Itap-
pears sas il broken at the line of the two
media. Objects in the water or on the
bottom are not where they seem to be.
10 shoot or spear fish tone must aim
some distance under OF Itlwll be missed.
Mirage is another development of re.
fraction. Because the air lies still in
different strata aud these strata are Of
different densities, the rays of light
are bent and objects which are really
below the horizon and usually impos-
sihle DO see are brought to the sight by
the bending of the rays efllght.
Now the navigator when taking his
observation must guess as near as he
can, just as does the boy who aims his
spearat the fish where the.sun really is
and not where it looks to be. The re-
fraction in the polar regions is often
very great and was especially SO at the
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1909-09-17
9OOSOOOOOOOOOO
:County News;

A son was born to MIR. and Mrs, Dan
Mullen of Crystal last week.
A daughter was born to Mr., and Mrs,
VIM. Kraft of Cavalier recently.
A daughter was born to Mr.. and Mre.
C.has. Trottier of Neche st week.
Earl Wallace left Drayton Tuesday
Tor Minneapolis where he will attend the
state u. 'e,.,
The eight months old daughter of Mr.,
and Mrs John Kimpel of Cavaller died
last week.
@. w. Argue, the Carlisle merchant
postmaster has bought an automobile =
Independent.
The infant child OF MIR. and Mrs.
Chris Well of Cavalier passed away ON
Thursday of last week.
Fheifive year old daughter of Mr.. and
Mrs. I'D. Chevalier of Cathgate died at
her houle in Benson, Nina.
Miss Mildred Mcbride Of st. Thomas
left Last'week for Leeds where she will
teach in the city schools.
Gmdmunder Erickson an old settler
living near Hallson died last week at
the age of seventy-one years. He was ia
very early settler.
Miss Ernestine LaMarre of Grafton,
we'll hnown here, is visiting Miss Hulda
Anderson and other friends at Pemb,na.
Mountaineer.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1909-09-17

time Of the observations made by Peary
and Cook as the sun was then very low
on the horizon. n
Il Az to exact position the most skilled
navigator, has his most anxious hoursofi
the voyage at the time when he lsex-I
poets TO araise the land and Il pleased
il he sees the land within q lev a,inutes
of the time he has Get. But sif II were
10 the night. and the vessel; was pnler3
steam or press oi sail. the di6srence.
% . very few minutes might mean TIA
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1909-09-17
last week and will make his home in

last week and will make his home in
that city. .s
f Mrs, Seth Claughton died at her hcme
in HenseI August 2sth after lingering
illness. She was born in Ontario in 1895
and has made her home in Hensel for 25
years.
D. O'Connor of ST. Thomas has been
confined to his bed for week by sew
ere illness. The attending physicians
state his troubles come from gall stones.
Miss Ada G. Henry formerly of Hoo
pie, daughter of Mr.. and Mrs. w. j.
Henry of Crookston and Mr.. Me;vin G..
Moore of Grafton we're married this
week at the brides home.
R. L. Atkins. of Hamilton left last
week for Melville Sask. division head
quarters ef the Canadian Pacific where
he was told to report for assignment as
telegraph operator at ::one of the read
|stations.
Walter Lee returned from his trip to
Antler last Friday night and has con-
cluded arrangements 70 buy the plant
of the Antler American. He will leave
here week after next for his new field
and Antler will gain an able printer and
a good Observation-Disclosures
Richard Gym of Neche township was
very seriously injured last week by the
STANDARD Oil team and tank. For some
reason or other the driver of the tank
lost control of his horses. He saw Mr..
Gym driving in his buggy just IN front
lof the team and shouted to him to turn
out but Mr.. Gym didn't turn out in
time and was trampled underneath the
horses. 1t was found three ribs were
broken, his face and head badly lacerat-
ed anu he was bleeding internally.-Lat.
er reports say that he will recover soon.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1909-09-17
HOW TO FIND POSITION AT SEA.

The discussion about the discovery al
the pole may make some folks wonder
just how the sailors and other people
find their position when far fnom any
nataral object whose position is known.
While it would he impossible to tell in
the limits of q newspaper the whole pro
cess vet we may give general idea.
10 . man standing in any pant Of
South America today the sun appears
to the northward while to us it looks
southuand. The reverse of this would
prove that he was south of the equator
while we were north of the equator.
Now it We knew exactly the angle or
slant OF the sun fnom each of us we could
by m thmatical calculation be able t,
tell exactly how far north or south each
OF US were, or in other words we would
know our latitude.
When it rs noon at Pembina it is about
eleven o'clock at Washington. II we
knew the exact number of minutes and
seconds difference in tune Ne would be
able to figure very easily just how far
west from Washington We are In degrees
and minutes, which would be determin-
ing our longitude, and of course by
knowing both our latitude and longitude
we would know our exact position on
the earth.
Navigators and other Travellers have
an instrument called sextaut by which
the above measurements are taken. The
sextant is q triangular frame with a NOV
able leg connected with little mirror.
The principle Of the sextant is Just the
same as the boy with the place Of bro
ken looking glass who catches the pic
ture of the sun and throws the refec-
tion in almost any direction, he pleases.
Looking through the eye piece Of the
sextant one may catch the reflection in
the mirror, of the sun and by changing
the movable leg cause the reflection Of
sun to just touch the line Of the HORIZON
This tells the exact time Of day at that
time, Just as is done by the plow boy in
more general way, when he looks at
the sun to see il it isn't about time to
unh tch for dinner. n. II. sss. # 4 A
a very fine clock called chronometer
isicarried BY all ships which tells the ex-
act time at Washington or Greenwich.
BY the observation with sextant as stat
"A the 4; me n fn,,n} - tha nlacas ~ tha
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1909-09-17

u Miss Lyla Baker Of Neche left her
home non last week for Minneapolis where
she willentsr the Northwestern hospital
to become nurse. sss.s'
Miss Violet Ball who has been III for5
some time at her home in ST Thomss
was taken 70 the Drayton hospital Last
week. s.5s
The wife and family of p. n. sMentser
the Cavalier ciRar ! msnlfA Actursr and
Iinstructor IA the band arrived fnm Iowa
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1909-09-17
Song Of the Thresh,oe Machine,

The whistle blows in the early morn
And the toiaers gather between;
The stay of the world that must be borne
And the craw of the threshing ma
chine.
The belt goes on and the busy wheels
Turn for the all-lands store;
The wheat for our bread in gold unreels
!! And waits for the hopper's score.
With garner good is the farmer paid
For the toll of the strenuous days;
In the raiR and shine of the effort made
r He has prayed for reward repays.
As he planted he reaps and the market
awaits
Reports of his labor crowned;
KAd a worldwide pulse grows strong or
4. abates
When the record of yield is found.
II. z. SHAW.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1909-09-17

In the preliminary clash Of words be-
tween the. rival polar discoverers Or.
Cook has the first advantage, he has
$. oxen always like . gentleman
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1909-09-17
Official Directory

U $ Senators = PT J aeGnmber SsensnR !;
U s Represen-lLk ( 3 Hanna
iieutenant Gove%rnorsR % S Lewis
Secretary of state-Alfred Blaistie1l
state state TessnrerG hE;s1stS; BiekfeTa
Railroad Com a a. PM p Mat,s. Anderson
missioners " H standish
Supt Of Pub Tnst-W Z StockO'ell
Com Com of E InsuTance-K e = p1 e :, CSogsr S;9g.
'.ars' s:::: 8: ss''sns s s;::;ss
JIG Carnt0dy
STATE SENATORS
LIST Dist-Judson LaMoure, Pena6ina
:, End Bist-F "A Halliday. Orystali
REPRESENTATIVES,
.iG A McCrea. Drayton
1st District Z Walter Welford, Neche
Judge 7th Jud. Dist-WJ Kneeeinaw
COUNTY OFFICIALS
cieiK df'Gonrt.Geo PETERSON
ShefiH-GeO Roadhouse
AUDITORIUM. W. Felson
Treasurer-FH H Anderson
Register of Deeds-John F EaM 4,
County Judge-H G Wick
Surveyor-F E Hebert
Sups of Schools-Isabclla A Ba,tley
Coroner-Dr F NJ Burrows
Public Admin'rcElis ThoTssAason
co,4,, 2nd-J X Ola fson. Gardar
SSo..,i.SS 3rd-Adam Norton. Caval'r
4th-yos Eorin. Neche
sthaWn Riswood; St Thc's
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1909-09-17

Strange, while not many persons would
like to discharge cannon, yet it Is saif-
prising how many would like to fire
"Uncle Joe.'' /
The Birmingham age-herald., 1909-01-24
From Leslie's Weekly.

From Leslie's weekly.
 The startling statement is made that since the enforcement of this absurb rulings" against the use of preserva- lives even in harmless amounts, the num- Der of cases of ptomaine poisoning has shown an alarming increase. Prior to the enforcement of the ruling" against the use of borax and boric acid in small amounts for the preservation of meat fish, fowl sausage. oysters, and other foods which readily become contaminated, the number of cases of ptomaine poisoning was very much smaller than it is now. The explanation is this-that packages of food which are now compelled to bear the pure-food label are regarded. by reason of this label, as wholesome, though they are sometimes contaminated because the use. of preservatives fin the slightest de- gree has been forbidden The consumer partakes of these labeled foods freely, because of his belief that they have the protection of the pure-food label, and suffers accordingly. The sentiment of tho entire nation is heartily in favos of the strongest enforcement of the law intend ed to prevent the manufacture of impure is not in favor of the seeming purpose to make the pure-food law pure-food fad of impracticabe and notoriety-seek- ing theorists, who desire to keep them selves before the public, and who have ambitions for higher pay and loftier places in the public service, and hence are constantly seeking to impress theix importance upon the people
The Birmingham age-herald., 1909-01-24

"Gil Bias" is so thoroughly Spanish that 1t has impressed itself on the world as a Spanish classic, though it's author was Briton. It was alleged at the time of it's publication that it was merely the translation of a Spanish romance; but Le Sage disproved that charge in his own time, and the years have added their own convincing proof that the story was the brilliant Frenchmans own.
 "Gil Bias" Is a treasury of witty say ings, wise proverbs and stories that H. lustrate humanity. Innumerable phrases, anecdotes and allusions are used today in the literature and conversation of the world that are taken from "Gil Blas'' though generally the users do not know it.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1909-01-24
Ptomalne Poisoning.

Next Sundays one-page classic will be "Rasselas," by Samuel Johnson.
New-York tribune., 1909-02-10
SIDESTEP DIRECT VOTE.
Park Republican Club Members De-
cline to 90 on Record.

There lively debate at the meeting of the
Park Republican Club, representing the regular
organization in the S5th Assembly District last
night over resolution stating IL be the sentI-
nent OF the meeting that the club rs thoroughly
IN accord with the Governor IN regard to the direct
nominations bill and that It will its influence
toward securing its passage"
After much mauoeuvring the resolution re-
ferred a newly created committee political
affairs. II was plain that the sentiment Of the
the Republican County Committee and leader of the
district vas against committing tie organization
& this time.
Members OF the club said that William D Gamer
on. sponsor the resolution, had intended to in
troduce It as a surprise, but news OF intentions
got yesterday. and the little meeting room. at
No. l4 fremont avenue, was filed to OVERLOOKING
last night. Before Mr.. Cameron had chance to
offer his resolution J. H. Bernstein offered enc for
the appointment of permanent committee on
political affairs, which all resolutions OF polii-
cal nature should be referred for conaidera ton
without debate"
Approaching at once that this step had been
taken TO avoid debate on the Cameron resolution
E. = Raiders one of the Cameron allies, moved
that the resolution be placed the table. It was
lost by Of IS TO 3. Then Mr.. Cameron offered
his direct nomination resolution a substitute but
was ruled out of order, and the ruling of Douglas
Nathewson, the chairman, was sustained by the
Same vote. The original motion passed by
vote Of SO TO s. and the committee. of which MI
WhittIe and Mr. Mathewson are members. was ap-
pointed at
Then Mr. Cameron again offered his resolution.
and a motion discharge the newly appointed
committee from considering it offered and lost
Mr.. Whittle said he did not wish the club placed
in the position Of opposing the Governor any OF
his bills. but he believed in waiting to what
bills would be introduced in Albany before taking
any snap action.
New-York tribune., 1909-02-10
TO PRESENT "SALOME.
Philadelphia authorities Alone Can
Stop the Opera.

Philadelphia Feb. 9.-''6alome" will be pre-
ss7-s5 in Phfladelphie on Thursday night IN
less Prevented by the Mayor. At the end Of the
second act q e'Peusas and Melisande" tonight
Oscar F9arnunerstein announced from the stage
~ the Philadelphia Opera House that the per
fa-nsrces already scheduled would be given.
III. Msvo- uiII meet the committee appointed
hv tbe Christian League tomorrow, but IL is not
expected that he will interfere. Mr.. Hammer
E:ein said:
7 have advertised 'Salon1e' for Thursday
evening. must keep my agreement concern
tug this modern masterpiece
7 respect the sentiments Of the gentlemen Of
the Church OF any denomination They are fore
most n inteIligence and culture in any COM
-nurfty and especially in this But what am
- 6o2 owe my audiences the productions
fave promised owe the Church the respect
hat Is its due. The clergy have requested me TO
withdraw tSalome' and break my promise. This
] cannot DO.
7 R,Iu 90 this. however, to show reverence
ard resUect 10 the ministers and rabbis. ANY
person who has tickets for Thursdays perform
snce snd does not choose to come can have
ms money refunded at the box Office will
produce this opera only for those who choose
70 Sc it After that cannot conscientiously
and without offending those I respect produce
the opera again, unless asked by the public
DO So
NJ. Eamraerstein said 'SaIome" would be
produced ss given in New York
New-York tribune., 1909-02-10
POOR SMITH," HE SIGHS
Henry Bri6ere Says Bureau of Mu-
nic;paI Research Is Misunderstood.

Poor erritht-' exclaimed Henry Bruere one OF
~, directors Of the Bureau Of Municipal Research
,.ster6sy. after he had read the attack made upon
~ bureau by Park Commissioner Smith at the
5,rner Of the West End Association on Monday
-frAr I can't understand why Re should want
~ 20 out Of HE way 20 critiCise the work are
so'rs He seems 10 misunderstand our efforts.
An instance Of this occurred yesterday when =.
rro71sn named Fox. who held a permit for 8 re-
..srr7erf stand at Riverside Drive end l22d street
cans 10 ne with . letter from the Commissioner
-.vokinz tbs privilege One OF the reasons given
. her by Mr.. Smith. she said. was that had
,hsected the privilege In report the reve-
--,es II fhe Park Department As g mstter Of fact
We printed picture Of the stand with that Of q
gallery near by. with the that the restaU-
am vas paying SIC month, while the gallery
-rss rsyinE nothing The only fair deduction that
-orId be drawn from this that the gallery
ought 10 psy something, too. Yet Mr.. Smith told
Ars Fox We objected 10 her stand and told her
10 come down 10 see snd try TO get other
--5z5lese 1 called the Commissioner the teie-
-.one and asked him why he sent the woman to
me Tss finally said It because interested
n many charities and he thought I might be able
70 DO something for her.
Nov SIS 10 that report Of the Park Depart
-u.nt- which the Commissioner declares was 'un-
.,f- y75sst end untrue II was not an attempt
a criticize any person in particular. but sin
-s-e EFFORT 70 do constructive work 1t cost
;. ro o. more. Il outlined for that department the
s,t syetem OF administrative and accounting meth
ose which planned to copy in other depart
-7e--s and which could be used a model in other
cities
We 60 not care for any honor in getting out
she report which done at the request of Mr.
smiths predecessor. We thought he would be glad
. take ID the report and put in operation the
.s-1 II outlined. Just Controller Metz took and
raltfshed the plan made for reorganzing the
accounting methods in his department did say
- NJ smith that il was chance 90 make g name
Cor himself. being the first put the system IN
o-e-st5or but II I said would immortalize him
8, vas in Jest End lie should have taken Il that
This report submitted 10 Mr.. Smith last
Nay and kept by him for six weeks before be de-
rlire5 20 publish il It OF course, referred 70 con-
6to-s st the tine OF the investigation Our state
-7eu- in 81 that it impossible TO approximate
n. cost cf maintaining the individual parks which
- c1zrsCrerizes untrue. was absolutely correct
: have haeu Iold that he vagered dinner with Con-
r-oDe- Metz that by the end OF last year he would
Hzvc = system that would give this information
Whether he has nov not cannot say.
We believe that Commissioner Smith has made
~ honest effort improve conditions. and in our
reports w. have been careful 20 praise him for
svery reform
New-York tribune., 1909-02-10
CITY NEWS IN BRIEF.

The annual dinner of the New York Chapter of
the American Institute OF Banking will be held
tonight at the Hotel Astor. The speakers will be
Controller Metz. John Barrett. Creswell Mac
IaughIin editor Of THE SchOolmaEter," and the
Rev. Dr. ]. Herman Randall
Jacob eastman. of eastman & eastman makers
Of gowns and costumes, at No. % Waverley Place.
who while under examination in bankruptcy pro-
ceedings, admitted that he had gambed away the
FIRMS assets was released from Ludlow Street Jail
under bail pending appeal in hts case He
had been committed by Judge Holt for eight months
10 the county jail.
Carl II. Schwartz. forty-six years old, Of No l07
West gsth street. claim ad3uster for the Metropo-
itan Street Railway Company. sentenced In
General Sessions yesterday TO prison for not less
than six wears nor than seven years and ten
months on his plea OF forgery. Schwartz was
formerly secretary for William c. Whitney.
The 18th District Republican Club will hold its
annual entertainment and bail Terrace Garden
next Friday evening. A vaudeville entertainment
will precede the dancing. The club Is the reg
ular organization Of the district OF which Charles
X Lexow IS leader.
New-York tribune., 1909-02-10
SIMPSONS F4THER DEAD.
Belieued to Have Been Important
Uitness IN Murder Trial.

Rochester. Feb. e.-An important witness IN tho
Sampson murder trial. to be held. perhaps in March
in LYONS. Wayne County, Is believed to have been
removed by the sudden death of George Sampson
father OF Harry Sampson George Sampson was
-o,,rd dead IN he'd this morning at his home in
PALMYRA. and his death was said by the Coroner 10
be due 20 Brtght's disease.
The deceased man brother OF Rear Ad-
r,iral Sampson and the father of Harry Sampson
who # is alleged came to his death by foul means
A grand Jury at Lyons Monday returned an indlct-
ment charging Mrs. Georgia a. Sampson, wife or
+he indictment being murder in the first degree
The stress attendant the TRAGEDY in his tam.
iT, Is believed to have FASTENED the death OF
George Sampson The indicted woman belongs 70
4ha ALVIN family il is said that George Samp-
snn had held that the story told OF the tragedy TO
him by the AIlyns rot the same as that told
nv the AlIyns to the Coroner's jury. George Samp-
son was one OF the witnesses before the grand
fI;rv that indicted his daughter -in-law-
New-York tribune., 1909-02-10
MRS. QUALTROUGH WEEPS.
Wife of Georgia's Captain Shocked
b, Nezcs of Husbands Conviction.

Mr.. Edward F. QuaItrough, wife OF Captain
OualtrouEh of the United States batheshlp t1eor-
eia who was recently tried at Gibraltar and sus-
nended FOR six months, arrived last night from
Bremen on the North German Lloyd liner hIO"-
prinEessn Cecllie-
Mrs. Qualtrough learned by wireless tna' Lei
husband had been placed on trial since her oe-
nsrture from Europe, but she did not hear OF ''e
findings of the court until the hronprlnzesslh ~ =
rived st Quarantine yesterday. When the news
vss taken to Mrs Quatrough she burst into tears
Among those travelling in the party win Nile
oualtrough were Mrs. Orton P. Jackson "ie OF
tho lisuteuent commander of the Minnesota MS
Tohn ] HvIand, wife of lieutenant on lhe g
Sota Mrs Jobn H Merriam, wife OF the pay IntsiSI
on the Kansas; Mrs. Robert W Mc1>ee4SSI ~; w;oe 20
o| q ite11tensnt on the louisiana, and Mrs ChdFeS
n Wade wife of a lieutenant on the Ohio- ,-.
THO naval officers wives learned on ARRIVAL Isst
night that it would be almost Impossible 10 set
ij,sine Recommendations at Old Point ContoIt Ior
the return OF the feet They had hurried tnelr oe
Tlarture to New York arrange for quarters hId
were disappointed to learn on arrival that accom-
rDodations were not TO be had - -.
Lord Reginald and Lady Beatrice HeCoert VINO
come here on their first visit to New YORK were
nasseDEers on the Kronprinzessin. After spending
q few weeks IN this city guests Of Mr. ana MIS-
Corn eIius Vanderbilt, they VIII go to Ottawa Tor
a visit with Earl Grey, tho Governor General OF
New-York tribune., 1909-02-10
CORD MEYER FOR DIRECT PRIMARIES
Democratic Leader In Favor Of Governor
Hughess Proposal.

Cord Meyer. former chairman Of the Democratic
State Committee, regarded by his friends as man
of large means regular Democrat, yesteT-
day at the Controllers Office said he was in favor
Of direct primary nominations, an income tax, and
that he is of the opinion that Controller Metz would
make q strong candidate for Mayor.
aI don.t know what the Republicans will be abIe
10 DO at Albany this winter, but 1 hope thss
Hughes will win out thu direct primary issue.
said Nj Meyer. "It IS time that the people as a
whole had mora TO say about their candidates. The
old system Is not satisfactory. Another thing.
am in favor OF Champ Clarks income tax PROPOSE
ton. I believe it would work far more eQuita0ly
than our present system All OF the bis Soreign
Governments work * successfully We are using
the old feudaI system of land taxation and It Is
time we made the change.
ayy77v wouldn't Metz make good candidate FOR
HSavor7.' asked Mr.. Meyer, he looked over and
watched the Controller wrestling with contractors,
clerks and stenographers, nearly simultaneously.
1T strikes me that Metz account OF his expert
erca md downright honesty, would be about the
best candidate the Democrats could run