davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Virginia citizen. (Irvington, Va.) 1891-1921, 1909-01-15

Tobacco Growers as well as Oyster
People are Suffering.

4 otO
The papers of Southside Virpini;
decry the cold snaps as being unfavor
able to the tobacco market. Notwitb
standing the exceptionally mild weatbe,
so far tobacco growers have had one OF
the most disastrous seasons in years.
In other sections than Virginia there
Is cry over the poor oyster season. Ovs-
tiers have been abundant evervwbere
but for year the market has been
demoralized. From the Fishing Gazette
New York; we CLEAN the following:
One hundred oyster boats on the
honga river, Maryland, have discharged
their crews and stopped work for the
season because they were unable 10
realize expenses.
Port Norris, N. j., oystermen saw the
present season has been the noores,
they have experienced in many wears
Charles r Bacon, chief of the New
Jersey Bureau of Shell-fisheries. in his
annual report, predicts that the oyster
viii become extinct in the waters of
New Jersey unless the beds are soon
replenished with seed.
connecticut, so oft recited as an ex-
ample, reports revenues as follower For
year 1908 the receipts were $40. 66a 81
and disbursements S6.32 .55. with a
balance Of &.34I.O6. The combined
balances for the two years past aggre-
gate $s,2lS.34. Included in the two
Years are the sales of new grounds
to something more than
!, 500 acres.
Virginia citizen. (Irvington, Va.) 1891-1921, 1909-01-15

An editor works S65 days in a yea,
to get out fifty-two issues of a paper,
that's labor. Once in a while sub
scriber pays year in advance for his
paper, that's capital. And once in a
while some son of sea-cook of a dead
beat takes the paper for two or three
years then skips out without paying for
1t, that's anarchy. West Point News.
And still another comes in and
tells the editor how to run the
paper, and that's impudence.
Virginia citizen. (Irvington, Va.) 1891-1921, 1909-01-15
LANDED IN JAIL.

c. N. Walker, who was twice con.
victed in the Circuit Court of Glouces.
ter county for the illicit sale of LIQUOR
and who at the last conviction had 8
jail sentence added to the fine. and
pending an appeal, gave bond for his
appearance at the January court be-
fore leaving the county, telephonad 70
Judge Claggett B. Jones that he would
appear with two lawyers from Rich
mond for the purpose of reopening the
case, claiming new evidence. Judoe
Jones ordered the sheriff to put Walker
in Jail. He is now serving his thirty
days. The lawyers returned to Rich.
mond, claiming that they had been
misinformed as to the case.
Virginia citizen. (Irvington, Va.) 1891-1921, 1909-01-15
WRECKING THE PARTY.

Discussion of the majority and plura-
lily vote in the State primaries st;n
continues in the editorial columns of our
contemporaries. Our own onin;on
often expressed is that 1t would be the
height OF folly to hold two primaries
to choose candidates for State officers
as we already have two many elections
In fact, the primary law, as at present
constituted, is fast wrecking the
democratic party, and all signs point
to an early return to the convent;on
or some other similar system of making
nominations Fredericksburg Daily
Star.
Virginia citizen. (Irvington, Va.) 1891-1921, 1909-01-15
MORE ABOUT ITALY'S DISASTER,
A.ermath adds to the appalling
dfssress In Sunny Southern Jtalv

Inc sun shone again in all its snlep.
DOR, emphasizing the beauties of pa+,,r,
IN the surrounding country-aIong the
mountains covered with or en-. owe,
Tue vineyards and lemon groves and
GOWN to the smiling shore, where Il
renected IN the opalescent sea. Inside
reggie, however, its warm ravs fell
upon only huge piles of debris.
Proportionately with other towns
Reggie gave the highest percentage of
orpnans as a result of the EARTHQUAKE.
ne boys were eagerly taken care of
Dy relatives, but the girls were mostly
abandoned. Fortunately. however
eney have been intrusted to the ladies'
committees, which arrived from all
parts OF italy, and doubtless will secure
gooo homes. Womankind is at a dis
content in that country.
All the wounded have been removed
from Reggie and 5000 refugees have
departed from the town. One thousand
oooies have been dug from the ruins of
raiien buildings and buried in inn
p,o'ised cemeteries. Among others
VINO escaped uninjured when the sbock
came were two children who after
having been buried in the debris of
eneir home for seven days got out un-
aioed, burrowing like mice.
"A man and his wife also have bee,
round uninjured beneath ruins. whore
they had lain for eight DAYS. subsist
ing on pint of olive oil.
The safe of the Bank of Italv con.
tanning 5000, 900. has been found
Although so many days have elapsed
rescuing parties are still finding liv;ng |
persons entombed in the ruins of Mes. |
sina. One old man was discovered
through the faithfulness of his doc
found whining about the SPOT whore
ne was caught, and although rescued
In an unconscious state was still Iiv;no
Dogs now constitute one of the danoers
to the earthquake refugees. These
animals starving, and often rabid
throughlac of water, gnaw the cornses
IKE hyenas and frequently attack the
refugees themselves. Among tho
wounded who left for Palermo was 3.
young man whose eyes and right cheek
had been horribly mutilated bv DOCS
AFTER the earthquake he was buried in
ieoris up to his neck, and while thus
Unable to move was attacked bv three
II the animals and seriously hurt before
lis cries attracted help.
A banker named Mauromati. who was I
me of the richest residents, lost every
hing. He went to the authorities '
'a-efooted and half clothed and asked a
OF pair OF shoes and an overcoat. 1
The rebuilding of the big citv Of
'eggio is not feasible or thinkable for t
long time. Even the probable GER \
ainty OF recurrence of the disturbance a
,akes it foolhardy. The location is e
numerically and strategically impor. a
ant, but nature has marked this snot II
DR. her exclusive possession, and she o
esents the intrusion of man. If he a
ares her wrath he must suffer. as he p
as already suffered many times. ex.
penalties. lie
Virginia citizen. (Irvington, Va.) 1891-1921, 1909-01-15
HOW'S rHIS9

we orer Ore Humid ed Dollars Reward fo
any case OF Catarrh that cannot be cured n,
naii's Catarrh Gu G. F. J. CHENEY & co
Toledo. q.
We the undersigned, have known +. 7
Cneney for the last 10 years, aud b lieye him
perfectly honorable in all business transso-
'ions aad financially abe to carry ont anv
ooiigations made by his firm. waldine kin.
nan Marvin Wholesale Druggists, Toledo.
nan S Catarrh Cure Is taken internally. act
ing directly up the blooc and mucous snr-
Iaces OF the system T. stimonia!s sent free
rrice 'ac- per bottle. Sold by all druggists.
lake Ha'i's Family Pills for constipation.
Virginia citizen. (Irvington, Va.) 1891-1921, 1909-01-15
w ELL SAID.

1t is dishonest. but let US plunge in
and get our share of the Republican
loot, appears to be the attitude of
many State Democratic papers with
regard to the tariff question soon To ba
considered by Congress- Following out
this dictum. any citizen who discovers
that his neighbor has become an outlaw.
might feel at liberty to go abroad and
take home with him whatever he found
lnsecurely nailed. = Newport News
Press.
Virginia citizen. (Irvington, Va.) 1891-1921, 1909-01-15
CROPS THATPAY-LATERON

Talking some time ago with
the proprietor of a spoke factory
IN the Piedmont region of Vir.
ginia, he expressed the fear that
ne would be obliged to close his
place on account of the scarcity
OF hickory wood, saying twas be-
coming more and more difficult to
obtain in dissection. The western
hickory he stated was not as val
uabie Tor small buggy spokes as
the Virginia timber, being brasb
The hickory is not a very fast
growing tree, but it attains sui
nclent size in a comparatively
short while to make it available
and small hickory is even more
useful than the large and old
trees. Ii one were to start Young
trees in good land they should be
available for spoke-timber i'm 10
or 10 years, and there is no dan
ger that the market for such tim
Der will ever be overstocked. but
rather that as the years 90 bv
such trees will command higher
and higher prices. 1t looks like
a slow crop, planting trees, but
10 years fly by mighty quickly.
ana the hickory tree planter if he
dld not harvest his crop himself
could feel that his heirs would
nave available inheritance The
pennsylvania Railway Company |
mas now in the mountains of |
pennsylvania thousands of acres
of locust trees planted and grow.
nng, waiting for the time when
'ney will be available for railway
les. Ii a railway can wait for
he comparatively slow-growing
ocust, we might wait for the
hickory. In this connection if is
worth while to state a peculiar
act In relation to the locust. and
nat is that if a few rows of
naples or other soft wood trees
re planted around the locust G
orest 1T will prevent the rayao,es s
the borer, an insect that great
damages locust timber.
We are informed that the Forest d
ervice OF the Department of Ap- 8
culture at Washington will give
IL sorts of information as to
rest trees and planting.
Virginia citizen. (Irvington, Va.) 1891-1921, 1909-01-15
FISH AND OYSTER NOTES.

Lake Erie is the richest BODY O
water in the world in fish.
There are several species of fish. rem
tiles and insects which never sleep.
Dead sharks are being utilized 70,
enrichlng the soil in Australia. Three
sharks are used for each tree in the
Dig apple orchards. A plant is to he
built on Northwest bay with a capacity
Tor forty tons of raw fish per day. and
the machinery will be purchased in the
United States.
Over in Nova Scotia sea-weed is nres-
sed into service as a mattress filing
Here 1T is employed for fertilizer mr.
poses New Brunswick Beacon.
Yes; and in some parts of the world
it makes mighty good eatin'! -Onlv re-
Gently some domestic science people
mad sea-weed banquet out in Wiscon.
sin. Fishing Gazette.
The great American lobster 10 sin
threatened with extinction, unless more
discretion is applied to his destruction
TOT food, but the cheering news comes
from the Bureau of Commerce and La
Dor that the oyster is safe, and, indeed.
IS likely to become cheaper and more
p!entitui In the near future. There
was time when the oyster was mon
aced with early extinction. Baltimore
Evening News.
OYSTERS ARE PLENTIFUL.
oysters are more plentiful this sea-
son than Tor the last Is years, accord |
ng 10 Commander Thomas C, B. How.
ard' OF the State Oyster Navy. Com
nander Howard has made several trims
'ver the oyster grounds and he discus-
led the oyster subject in a general wav
lt a meeting of the Board of Public
Works.
He said that reports show most pro-
nc yield, and the oysters generally are
I good quality. but are bringing poor
rlces. Because of this manv tonoars
ave planted their catches to await I
imp IN the prices. Commander How
rd also stated that the oystermen are
deserving the Gull law more strictly
ian ever before. Baltimore Sun. Il
OYSTERS BRING PROSPERITY.
Ihere Is no cause of complaint from
~ one, except the firms engaged in
lie buying and shipping of oysters
no complain of the curtailing of
eir orders from the markets in the
est by reason of the competition
ON the Rhode Island aid Connecticut
ippers, who are flooding the Western
arkets with their products. AS for
tongers who are engaged in tong
and selling oysters to the hackers
Urbanna, they are doing az well "
ey have done for several wears o
icy are now catching two or three n
nes as many oysters and selling them
about half the price of heretofore
lille boat with man and bow has
en- catching in the past several wears
y hve or ak bushels a day, which
" sold at 80 or 60 cents per busbeI
8 season the same boat and crew
ch twelve or fifteen bushels. that
ne 80 cents per bushel. OYSTERS in
Rappahannock are now more plenti-
than in years Urbanna Corr
IL
Virginia citizen. (Irvington, Va.) 1891-1921, 1909-01-15

THE price the farmer gets for
ms produce is for it delivered AT
the railroad or steamer and he
gets no more or less whether he
trots IN on agood road or wades
through mud. If it costs % cents
q ton per mile to hire hauling
done, this multiplied by all the
TONS hauled counts up for all the
produce hauled in the countrv
S3O5, 100000 annually. The loss
10 the farmer in time by hauling
over bad roads is enormous. and
add the wear and tear on wagons
and horses the loss is some.
thing frightful. Yet, if the farmer
could get his produce to market
at the reduced cost of good roads
his net profit would be no less
as the consumer would paw the
same" So says the Scientific
Virginia citizen. (Irvington, Va.) 1891-1921, 1909-01-15

APPARENTLY it would save a
great deal of time, trouble and
expense ii the men who have de-
termined to kill somebody would
set about proving their insanity
before doing the killing. Such
antecedent proof would simplify
murder trials greatly and save
the Juries much perplexity.
Virginia citizen. (Irvington, Va.) 1891-1921, 1909-01-15
TENNESSEE GOES DRY

Especial Thursday by wire to the cIrrzEN1
AFTER fierce struggle, the Tennes-
see Legislature yesterday voted whis-
key out of the State. "'iiS-
Virginia citizen. (Irvington, Va.) 1891-1921, 1909-01-15

A MAN was fined the other dav
In Baltimore for unnecessary
swearing. just when swearing is
necessary the justice did not
decide. Possibly uncle J oekannon
could.
Virginia citizen. (Irvington, Va.) 1891-1921, 1909-01-15

uonpSreil line ~ S P0'
Obituaries, religious notices of entertain
meets excursions, etc.. one-hslf regular
Virginia citizen. (Irvington, Va.) 1891-1921, 1909-01-15

All communications or business letters
9nouiu oe addressed TO the VIRGINIA CITIZEN,
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1909-04-07
THE BARRE DAILY TIMES
uEnurcnAv Apprr > ,ooo
weather Prediction.

Fair in south and showers in north
portion and cooler, except in Maine, to-
night. Thursday, fair and cooler; light
TO moderate westerly winds increasing.
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1909-02-09
RIGHTS OF A POOR MAN.
Must He Divide With His Wife or
Keen All?

"Since two learned jurists in the
same court In the largest city in the
country have disagreed as to wheth-
er a man earning only IS week
should be compelled by law to sup
port his wife," remarked JEFFERSON
Faulkner Of Toledo, o., to a New
York Telegram reporter, II think 1t
would be interesting to submit the
question to one Of the higher courts.
1.-The jurist who holds that a man
earning no more than that should not
be compelled to support wife, even
though he has solemnly agreed to,
does not appear to have taken the
popular end Of the question.
'It is not likely that Mr.. Roosevelt
In his widest rawlings about race sui
eide, would advocate a gentleman
marrying on Sc per week and endeay-
oring to support wife and family.
"At the same time there are doubt
less many thousands Of married men
in New York who have not earned IS
every week during the last year, and
it is most creditable to them and to
their poor wives that you have not
had more men in this class before the
courts for non-support.
1.-The girl or woman who Is willing
to struggle along with man who
earns only Sc a week Is heroine, and
she certainly deserves as much pro-
lection as the lady who goes to court
and screams for more than $4,000 a
year alimony."
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1909-02-09
the least desire to be set straight.

the least desire to be set straight"
And she was never more serious.
but it was only a few weeks ago
that you were engaged"
"T am sorry" answered Barbara,
| that 1t should have been talked about
so much. Mr.. Brewster did ask me to
marry him, but I never accepted. In
fact, it was only his persistence that
made me consider the matter at all. ]
did think about it. I confess that
rather liked him. But 1t was not long
| before I found him out"
what do you mean?" And there
was a flash in Peggy's eyes. What
has he done?"
"To my certain knowledge he has
spent more than 100000 since last
September That is something, is 1t
not?" Miss Drew said in her slow,
cool voice, and even Peggy's loyalty
admitted some justification in the crit
icism.
F"Generosity has ceased to be vir-
| tue, then?" she asked coldly.
k"Generosity!" exclaimed Barbara
sharply. Its sheer idiocy. Haven't
you heard the things people are say
ing? They are calling him fool, and
in the clubs they are betting that he
will be a pauper within year."
"Yet they certainly help him to
spend his money, and have noticed
that even worldly mammas find him
eligible" The comment was not with
out its caustic side.
THAT was months ago, my dear"
protested Barbara calmly. when he
spoke to me he told me it would be
impossible for him to marry within a
year. And don't you see that year
may make him an abject beggarT"
Naturally anything is preferable to
beggar," came in Peggy's clear, soft
voice.
Barbara hesitated only a moment.
"Well, you must admit, Miss Gray,
that It shows a shameful lack Of char
acter. How could any girl be happy
with a man like that? And, after all,
one must look out for ones own fate"
Undoubtedly" replied Peggy, but
many thoughts were dashing through
her brain.
shall we turn back to the cottage|
she said after an awkward silence.
"You certainly don't approve Of Mr..
Brewsters conduct?" Barbara did not
like to be placed in the wrong and felt
that she must endeavor to justify her
self. HE is the most reckless OF
spendthrifts, we know, and he prob
ably INDUCES in even less respectable
excitement"
Peggy was not tall, but she carried
her head at this moment as though she
were in the habit of looking down on
the world.
Aren't you going little too far,
Miss Drew?" she asked placidly.
1T is not only New York that laughs
over his Quixotic transactions" Bar
bara persisted. "Mr. Hampton, our
guest from Chicago, says the stories
are worse out there than they are In
the east"
"It is a pity that Monty's illness
should have made him so weak" said
Peggy quietly as they turned In
through the great iron gates, and Bar
bara was not slow to see the point.
TX To he Continued.
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1909-02-09
To be Continued

CHINESE INCENsE.-Replying to an
Ohio inquiry as to the composition
and market value Of Chinese incense,
Consul ]. C. McNally writes from
Nankin:
"It is impossible to give the actuaI
market value in United States curren-
cy, by reason Of the frequent exchange
fluctuations. The average price Tor a
catty q 1-3 pounds) is about as fol.
lows: The Shi Shang (musk), nrst
quality, cents; second quality, Z
cents; the Mong Shang (putchuck)'
first quality, 10 cents; second quality'
9 cents.
"The incense Is made into sticks
about six inches in length, the Shi
Shang being black and the Mong
Shang yellow. 1t is of universal use
and is manufactured in almost every
city and village throughout the en-
pire. The ingredients forming the
com position of the incense, which are
principally from the south of China
are as follows: Elm bark. cloves, oil
banum, putchuck, sandalwood dust,
garoo, laka, aniseed, musk, orange
peel, galango, dried ginger, sapan,,
wood, rhubarb, myrrh, cassia and
camphor."
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1909-02-09

After the plant has started to grow
the seed coat Is no longer Of any use
TO 1t. In some plants, such as corn
the little plant hnds its way out very
easily. The little pumpkin plant, with
its heavy coat, has harder time. In
deed, were it not for a little contriv-
ance with which nature has provided
1t, it could not get out at all. This is q
tiny hook on the lower end Of the
seed. This hook catches on the end Of
the seed coat and peels it back as
neatly as you take off your coat
Watch for this in a terminating pump
kin or squash seed and see If you can
not notice it. In some seeds, like hick-
ory nuts, the plant is unable to get out
until the seed coat is cracked by the
frost or in some other way.
We have seen that seed cannot
start to grow unless 1t has moisture
warmth and air. It not only needs
these, but 1t needs them in the proper
proportions. In light, sandy sol
moisture is often lacking, and the seed
is slow in terminating for this reason
In such a soil growth will start more
quickly II the soil is packed tightly
around the seed. The seed will soal
up moisture more rapidly IL the parti-
cles of soil are In close contact with Il
on all sides. Packing down the soil ir
the row with the fiat side Of a hoe OF
with board or with the broad, fiat
planter wheels in the field helps the
seed to absorb moisture and so hastens
termination.
In a heavy, sticky clay soil there IL
usually plenty Of moisture, but air IL
often lacking. If such soil Is pack
ed down too tightly over the seed the
particles are forced so closely together
that very little air can get through
and hence termination is delayed. II
soil of this kind seeds should never
be planted very deeply.
The most important factor Of all Is
warmth. A cold soil may have moist.
ure and air in exactly the right
amounts, and still the seed will not
start to develop. Even II 1t does be-
gin to grow progress will be slow, and
the plant will have weak, unhealthy
look. It is Of the utmost importanct
to wait until the seed bed Is warn
before planting the seed. Many seeds
which would rot or produce only
spindling stalks II planted in a colo
soil will grow into strong plants L
planting is delayed until the soil ha!
become warm. And seed will make
stronger, better producing plant If I
has a warm seed bed to start from.
The rapidity with which the soil vii
warm UP in the spring depends a grea
deal. upon. the nature Of the soil itself
| A sandy soil warns UP quickly be-
cause the air can get down into i
easily, thus warming 1t all the way
through at once. Another reason fol
the higher temperature Of sandy sol
is its greater dryness. AS long as wa
ter is evaporating rapidly the GROUND
will be cold. The process Of evapora'
ton requires a great deal Of heat.
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1909-02-09

A seed In simple thing to look at
1t might as we'll be pebble or grain
Of sand for all there seems to be to it.
Only bean, you say, yet there's a
great deal more to that bean than you
ever dreamed Of.
Take bean-just an ordinary white
bean out of the pantry-and look at 1t.
The smooth, white outer covering is
the seed coat. 1t is almost water
tight and is a protection for the parts
that lie within. On one side you will
notice a very conspicuous spot. This
Is the seed scar and Is the place where
the little stem that fastened the bean
to the pod was attached. Near one
end of the seed scar, or hilum, as the
botanists call 1t, is small round hole
the micropyle. II you put bean In
water 1t will soon begin to swell be-
cause of the water which it absorbs
through the microyple.
Now, take bean that has been
Yorkville enquirer. [volume] (Yorkville, S.C.) 1855-2006, 1909-02-09

We can help the soil to become
warm in the spring, then, by doing all
that we can to check evaporation. Did
you ever notice how quickly the sur
face of a wet field became dry after II
had been narrowed? This is because
stirring and loosening the soil stops
the water from coming up from be-
low. The water in the loose, upper lay
er soon evaporates, and after that the
heat is used in warming the soil instead
of turning the water into vapor. OF
course, If we are not going to allow
the surplus water to be given Off by
evaporation we must provide tile drains
and bitches to carry it away. We shall
study more about drainage and the
movement Of water through the soil IN
another article.