davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1909-07-01

in the financial affairs Of the state
were in attendance. The sessions
were of unusual interest and because
of the bankers of Oregon, Washing
ton and Idaho meeting together, a
closer relation was established be-
tween the financial interests Of the
Pacific northwest.
That Oregon has immense trade
possibilities with China, which Of
fers a great market for the manu-
facture as well as the raw products
Of this country, is the opinion of
Quan Kai a wealthy Chinese mer-
chant Of Hong Kong, who has been
a Portland visitor for the past few
days He believes an era of closer
commercial relations with the Uni
ted States is about to dawn for his
country and he welcomes a larger
commerce with the Pacific Coast.
Quan Kai says his country is enter
ing upon a period of expansion and
must have railway materials, ma
chinery of all kinds and manufactur-
ed products in addition to the lum-
mer, wheat and flour, the chief COM
modities secured from this coast, say
ing that his people prefer to trade
with this country in preference to
the English and German exporters
who have the bulk Of this trade at
present.
California business men on the re-
cent trade excursion north got les
son from modern, enterprlslng Med
ford. A city Of 5000 people took the
party of 100 visitors out in autos and
had enough cars left over for as
many more. Could any California ag-
ricultural city Of the same size, not
center for tired out and back num-
Der millionaires,' have turned a like
trick?
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1909-07-01
ASTORIA WANTS
WHEAT SHIPMENTS
CHAMBER OF COMMERCE. SAYS
GRAIN WILL BE STORED FREE
Large Warehouse is Projected at Sea-
side City-Secretary Says This Ac-
ton VIII Save Farmers Cent
BusheI on the 25,OOO,OOO Bushels
Controlled by the Farmers Unions
of Oregon, Washington and Idaho.

Pullman, Wn.-The Astoria cham
ber of commerce has notified Presi-
dent L. c. Grow fnd P. w. Cox, chair
man of the executive committee Of the
Farmers Educational and Co-operat-
i've union, that Astoria is planning
monster elevator, which will be Offer
ed free of charge to the Farmers
union for the storage of wheat for
export. John II. Whyte, manager or
the Astoria Commercial club, has writ
ten the officers Of the Farmers union
to this effect and says:
"The elevator will be ready for your
use free Of charge, whenever the ex-
ecutive committee sees fit to take hold
OF it. This proposition will save to
the farmers one cent per bushel, or
total Of $25O,000 on 25,000,000 BUSH
els of wheat controlled by the Farm
ers' union in Washington, oregon and
Idaho"
Mr.. Whyte further says that the
suit against the railroads Of Washing
ton and Oregon to secure, through
the Interstate commission, the same
rates on grain as are allowed to Port
land and sound points, will be pushed
and he expresses the belief that the
rate will be granted in time to handle
this seasons crop at Astoria.
Farmers Union May Act.
The officials Of the Farmers union
have taken no action on the propo-
sition, but may do so. Many of the
members are strongly in favor Of ac-
ceptlng Astoria's proposition and the
state convention of the Farmers un-
ion, held here on June 1 and q,
lacked but three votes to carry mo-
ton for the union to allow its name
to be used as plaintiff in the suit
brought before the interstate conn
merce commission.
The wheat crop prospects here are
the best in the history Of the country
and farmers expect by far the largest
yield per acre the highest price, and
the greatest profits ever made from
single crop. The acreage is much
above the average. and through the
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1909-07-01
NOVEL PLAN TO REFORM
HARDENED CRIMINALS

New York.-If you want to reform
criminal, put a pair of glasses on
him, for his chances are defective
physical vision impaired his mental
moral views. Such is the theory of
Dr. William n. Richards, who hopes
inside Of year to be able to back his
theory with statistics. In compiling
his statistics in the search for SUBJ
jects DR.. Richards has visited the
District Attorneys office, police courts
and other institutions. At the Mag
dGlen Home he fitted glasses to 20 in
mates, and every one of these, he de-
clares, found work on getting out ana
kept It, one girl in particular never
had been able to keep job more
than a few days She was considered
stupid and lazy. Since leaving the
home two months ago and wearing
pair of glasses she has been steadily
employed by n firm Of wholesalers
and still Is working there. DR.. Rich
ards now Is trying his plan on 200
second offenders, burglars holdup
men and criminals of various degrees.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1909-07-01
Especial Correspondence.

Portland, Ore, June 30.-"Oregon
is the place for you" has been the
slogan brought to the attention Of
100000 people Of the country
through a big advertisement in the
Saturday Evening Post, placed by the
Portland Commercial club, and the
same message has been sent to L.
100000 more through other publ
cations. Reasons why Oregon is the
state Of opportunity have been pre-
sented. The go commercial bodies
Of the state having membership in
the Oregon Development league have
been given an opportunity without
cost 10 them to answer Immediate
ly thousands Of new injuries about
Oregon. Never before has Oregon
been 50 we'll known and interest In
the state 30 generally aroused. All
that is needed TO get the best results
Is for the commercial bodies to take
advantage Of the opportunity and
make these homeseekers familiar
with their section by sending them
literature and answering inquiries.
Salem Cherry Fair.
Salem is making preparations for
the fourth annual cherry fair to be
held in the capital city July 8 and O..
The people Of Salem make big
event every year Of the cherry show
and the fete this season will eclipse
anything Of the kind ever held there,
according 70 those In charge OF the
program. The fair will be held at the
time Of the midsummer meeting Of
the state Horticultural society at Sa-
lem There will be addresses by
prominent orchardists and specialists
and trip through the orchards Of
Salem and vicinity on Friday. July
., will be a feature Of the gathering.
Fruit growers OF the state are maxi
ing plans TO attend.
Oregon Mt Bankers Conference.
Oregon was well represented at
the tri-state bankers conference at
Seattle last week. Many prominent
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1909-07-01
CANNON TELLS WHY HE
OPPOSES WOMAN'S SUFFRAGE

Washington.-"I am against wom-
ans suffrage" said Speaker Cannon
yesterday. The Speaker was talking
to the graduating class of the Oswego,
n. Y. high school, introduced to him
BY Representative John Dwight
"Tll tell you why | am against wo-
man suffrage, girls" said the speaker,
and a score of young women gathered
close around Uncle joe" "You see,
each Of you girls will get married
and control your husbands vote as
well as everything else. If you don't
marry, you will control your brothers
vote, or your brother-in-law's So,
you see, If we let you vote, the first
thing we know we men won't have
any chance at ALL"
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1909-07-01
HOM,s ThIs?

We offer One Hundred Dollars Reward
for any case Of Catarrh that cannot be
cured by Halls Catarrh Cure
n. ]. CHENEY & CO., Toledo, o.
We, the undersigned, have known +. j..
Cheney for the last 10 years, and believe
him perfectly honorable In all business
transactions, and financially able to carry
out any obligation made by his firm.
Waldlng, Klnnan & Marvin,
Wholesale Druggists, Toledo, o..
Halls Catarrh Cure Is taken Internally,
acting directly upon the blood and mucous
surfaces Of the system. Testimonials sent
free, Price 75c per bottle. Sold by all
druggists.
Take Halls Family Pills for constipa-
tlOn
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1909-07-01

efforts of the Farmers union. the cost
of handling has been greatly reduced.
The cost of sacks is little more than
half what it was last year, while a
reduction Of 80 to 40 per cent has
been made in the cost of binding twine
and a number of other commodities
which farmers are now buying in car
load lots.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1909-07-01
Fined for Selling Prune Brandy.

Eugene, Ore.-Judge Harris Of the
circuit court yesterday fined Charles
Knoop, a farmer, 5000 for selling
prune brandy, which he made on his
farm and sold to neighbors. in viola
ton Of the local option law. The
grand jury has indicted several others
for breaking the local option law,
but as the alleged offenders are not
in custody their names have been
withheld from publication.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1909-07-01
Ground Hog Bounty.

Springfield H., July LIT is like
ly that by next Candlemas day there
will not be enough ground hogs left
in Illinois to base a weather fore
cast upon, as bill offering a bounty
for the pelts Of the animals went into
effect today.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1909-07-01

The best at right prices In lawn
mowers, garden hose, grass catchers,
the famous Insurance Gasoline Stove
also the only lawn trimmer in the
city-it saves your knees and back
LaDow & Peterson.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1909-07-01

Baker City, Ore.-Farmers who
have been directing their efforts tow
ard dry land farming report that at
least a semblance Of success has been
reached in this work in Baker county.
Winter wheat Is in good condition.
Though no real success has yet been
made on hill land without the aid Of
irrigation, the acreage taken up under
the homestead act and otherwise is
steadily increasing. Some have no
small amount of enthusiasm as to the
future possibilities Of dry land farm
ing in this section. They claim that
the work has never been put on SCI
entiflc basis.
Ten miles north of Baker City in
the so-called Sky Flat district, 1900
acres is now planted in Winter wheat,
most OF this acreage being cultivated
by homesteaders. From 10 to 25
bushels to the acre is the conservative
estimate made for this summers yield.
Little OF this ground has been under
cultivation for more than one or two
years.
1000 Gallons Minute.
The largest landowner of this Sec
tfon Is a weIl-to-do farmer from Tex
as by the name Of LJIlard. He has
put In a somewhat expensive irrlga-
tion plant. consisting OF a pump that
throws 1900 gallons of water a min
ute or a stream OF more than 40
inches, forcing it up the hillside in
pipes a perpendicular distance of 100
feet. A large slough in the valley
supplies the water. Two years ago
power for the pump was furnished by
gasoline engine. but the running ex-
pense was so great that Lllard had
it replaced with a 32-horse steam
power.
As LnIard has no water to spare.
the other farmers rely wholly on the
scanty rainfall to supply moisture.
Last year the ground was loose be-
cause of new sod, but prospects are
good for a crop this summer one of
the farmers has introduced a subsur-
face packer, the first one that has
probably ever been used I'm the county.
This Is certainly a necessary piece OF
machinery in dry land farming, but
other scientific methods will no doubt
need to be applied to this land to Sc
cure the best results.
Much Unirrigatcd Land
Within a few miles of Baker City
are thousands of acres of excellent
land that lack of water has caused
to be left vacant. The possibilities of
dry land farming are enormous. II the
experiment stage can be successfully
overcome. Government experts claim
that by farming under improved
methods, every inch of rainfall gives
sufficient moisture to raise three
bushels of grain to the acre II this
Is true, the IL inches annually recelv-
ed in Baker County would assure n
yield of 33 bushels. 1t is certain that
the few experiments made In this
county have involved few IL any OF
the scientific methods taught by
Campbell. the great dry land farmer.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1909-07-01
WILL TRY DRY
FARM METHODS
BAKFR CITY HOMESTEADERS
WILL GIVE SYSTEM A TEST

Great Enthusiasm as TO the POSI-
blIltics of Dry-farming System OF
Cultiyation-Large Amount of Land
Being Taken up on Plains Near
Baker Clty-GOOd Yields of Wheat
Expected 10 bc Harvested.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1909-07-01

Five acres with good house and
barn, all good garden land, in East
Pendleton, known as the Frank Rock
place Apply to Hartman Abstract
Co.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1909-07-01

Come again" said Mrs. Brown
II certainly will, IL you promise to
serve me another cup of Folger's
Golden Gate Coffee"
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1909-07-01
OREGON IS THE
PLACE FOR YOU.
THIS is THE NEW SLOGAN
OF THE COMMERCIAL CLUBS

Brought to the Attention of Mil
lions of People Through Big Ads
Run in Well-knOwn Publications
Many Inquiries Concerning the
State Have Resulted-Oregon at
the Bankers Conference - Trade
Possibilities With China.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1909-07-01
Ladies' Shoes at CSC

During our special sales Wednesday and Friday,
we have reduced our short lines, till now there are
only one or two pair of a style left For Friday
only we are going to put these out at 9Sc pair.
You have paid as high as $3.50 $4OO and $3.50 for
these same ehoes. Its giving them away, we know,
but an immediate clearance is necessary.
SEE WINDOW DISPLAY.
New-York tribune., 1909-09-25

the boat or watched her progress from the banks
OF the pond
In the collection OF the New York Historical
Society NAV be seen a model OF Fitch's seventh
boat which was made by John Hutchings OF
Villa nsbuTg. in 1851. For boiler F1tch en-
ployed a ten gallon iron kettle, covered with a
thick wooden lid which was fastened down by
a transverse iron bar The steam cylinders
were of wood Al every few rounds of the pond
Fitch had to stop his boat and put more water
into the boiler.
Morey built another steamboat the eighth on
the Connecticut River, in 1874 Livingston in
this year carried his interest To the extent OF
taking an active personal part in the develop
,uent Of the science.
FtIIton's fame and name have tended to over
shadow in the popular mind Livingston's deep
and enthusiastic pursuit Of every opportunity to
add 20 his knowledge Of the subject and to talk
and discuss steam navigation with experiment
- like Fulton. Fitch and MOrey- Livingston
lives iu history chiefly because Of his brilliant
career 80 the bar and on the bench as member
of ,h. committee ~ the Continental Congress
New-York tribune., 1909-09-25

operated on Deccmbcr 3. lTN7 ~ James Rum
sey at Shepardstowu. on the Potomac River
Rums'y's boat propelled by means o. water
sucked in at the bow and expelled at the stern
by the fore, of steam.
The fourth and NTH steamboats, also were
Fitch's The former ran from Philadelphia 20
Burlington. y. j.. in 17SS. driven by paddle
wheel at the stern. The NTH boat was placed
in commission the Delaware by Fitch III
1850 This craft covered eight miles an hour
and in 1870 ran regularly. carrying freight and
Passengers.
Samuel Morey of Connecticut, VA IN" bundsr
OF the sixth American steamboat. Morey had
interested Chancellor Robert Il. Livingston and
other wealthy and prominent citizens Of New
York in steam navigation. Livingston had for
= long time manifested deep interest in tho
subject and later became the patron Of Fulton
New-York tribune., 1909-09-25
USE OF STEAM ON SEA
EARLY EIPERI4NENI'ERS.
FuIf0n First Rcduccd Science TO
Practical Basis. but CIcrmOnt
Had Predecessors.

When young James Watt seated in IoWly
Scotch kitchen regarded the dancing lid of
boiling teapot and summoned his reasoning
powers to puzzle out the source of the force that
caused the motion, it is unlikely that the faint
est realization crept into his mind of how inn
portantly his ponderines were related 10 the
future development Of the commerce of the
world and the increase iu its wealth. Steam en-
gines had been in operation before Watt was
born. but they had served merely for expert
mental purposes in 4 crude and imrracti, able
form. II remained for Watt 10 reduce steam 20
= state of complete seryitudc to man. 10 devise
an engine 10y which the power "f steam was eco
nomcaTy and satisfactorily applied, ana thus
Ia pave the Way Tor Fuitou'~ Clernont. tho pio-
neor q commercially successful steamboats, and
steam navigation.
Both bcfor, ana since tho time of IN. Cl.rm"nt
III, waters of m, Hudson witnessed IT., u, and
evolution Of cye-y sort Of force employed in pro-
rolling vessels from the hollowcd-out Wooden
canoe of The ah"rir.n,s To tho huge modern
transo,e.ui, l,,iathaus that speed across The
Atlantic in q iittln moro than four days
From the earliest days tho sea- and tho waters
of thu earth's rivers have served man fnr trans
roltation purposes. Floating logs came first
ana from thrs. was slpaly evolved th' canoe.
fashioned Icy reducing the log 10 shell by hrc
or chipping out itS heart lab",iously with im-
PIGMENTS Of stone. Hum Al muscle Was Tie first
IropolIiug power. Then The wind Was utilized.
houghs Of trees and skins ~ animals being
spread for sails Weaving learned, and
then the sails were made ~ cloth. but the rig
ring "f the sails on large craft ana small WAS
primitive ana done with such little lack az un-
Outstanding that thcy were useful only under
certain conditions of tho wind.
New-York tribune., 1909-09-25

which prepared the Declaration OF Indepen-
dence. as Secretary of Foreign Affairs. as Min
ister 10 France and Of the negotiators OF
the Louisiana Purchase. In connection with
steam navigation he is generally remembered
only FUItons wealthy and generous patron
As a matter of fact" DR.. Hall says. If there
had been no Fulton. Livingston himself might
have been the father of the steamboat
Long before he first met Fulton he had given
deep thought Co the possibility Of propeIing
boats with steam ON the Hudson River on the
bank of which, near Tivol, stood his fine man
sion From this house he wrote letter TO
President Jefferson. dated January 20. 1893 in
which he discussed the defects OF Watts en-
ginc and the principles of steam mechanics. \
year before h had employed man OF the name
OF Nisbit to construct a steamboat after Living
stORs designs at DE KOvens Bay south OF
New-York tribune., 1909-09-25
EXPERIMENTS HALTED.

In the ten years following Watts first expert
rnents the development OF the steam engine
actively engFOssed the inventive genius OF both
France and England. The American Revolution
brought stirring times and diverting Of inter
ests in other directions, so that the experiment.
ers with the steam engine were unable 10 gain
the public attention and support which was
necessary to the encouragement and success Of
their endeavors.
But when the Revolution ended the thought
of the period turned anew with aVidity 10 the
prospect of propelling vessels by steam, and the
subject became one of the burning topics of the
day. James Rumsey was experimenting with
propulsion by means OF steam and mechanical
aids in 11s5. According 10 Admiral PrebIe. it
Mas not until the following year that John
New-York tribune., 1909-09-25
TERRons OF UNKNOWN SEAS,

The SEA Was p.opled in the Imagination Of
tho ancients, with manifold tcrrors and dan
gers. and none 0f the sailing vessels vontured
far from shore excepting when driven Of the
coasts by tempests. Even the navigation of the
Romans was closely confined to tho Mcditcr-
IaHeau ana the coastSise route to Britain, where
The position OF the land Was always known to
the sailing masters who never willingly, except
ing in rare instances. pushed boldly forth int"
unknown wastes of waters.
At the beginning Of tho Christian era N"
nS"rsemen were c,nboldcned To fare to the east
ward in search of continent. Slowly the
science of navigation progressed, but even as
late as Hudson's time the management of sails
was unwieldy and cumbersome. The Jill and
the fore ANA aft sails were not in use and it
was Impossible for ships to sail against IN"
wind.
Columbus was better equipped. 81 far as
motive power and the size and utility Of his
carayels were concerned. than had been the
mariners Of five hundred years before. 1t took
him thirty-six days to sail from the Canaries to
the West Indies. mpedcd by contrary winds.
The Spanish and Portuguese navigators who
followed Columbus. rule made little better
line on his return from exploring the Hudson
River Hudson's Half Moon consumed thirty
four DAYS in going from Sandy Hook to Dart
mouth Hudson took five days to sail up the
Hudson. which two hundred years later was
covered by Fulton's Clermont in thrty-two
hours
In the two centuries which elapsed between
the time II Hudson and that OF Fulton the
science Of sailing ships underwent radical i'm
provement with increase in speed and in
the manner Of rigging the sails and handling
them Full rugged ships hurled themselves
through the water under clouds OF canvas as
swiftly as some of the slow tramp steamships
of to-day arc propelled But still the wind
king Of the sea. Everything depended upon its
whims and caprices. and without the wind navl-
gators were helpless. 1t remained for Fulton
10 emancipate the and ocean commerce
from the slavery Of the wind.
New-York tribune., 1909-09-25
Tivoh. on the Hudson. This was the ninth
American steamboat

T1voh' on tho Hudson. This was the ninth
American steamboat.
LIVINGSTON a PIONEER
Fitch had obtained from the New York Iaeis
lature a grant giving him exclusive rights -
operate steam propelled vessels on the Hudson
River and other state waters. The grant which
was extended in 1887, was annuIled after Fit,b.s
death in 1873, and transferred to Livingston for
twenty years. II was under this grant that t,,,l
ton worked.
Ahtedatlng the ClcrmOnt, there were al least
Ne o'"er American steamboats,; the tenth.
f1tchs on the Ohio in 1898. just prior to his
death; eleventh, the boat built in the sap -,
under the joint patronage of Livingston Niche
las Roosevelt and John Stevens; the tweIftb
oiiVer Evanss boat on the Delaware i'm 1904.
the thirteenth. Stevens's boat on the Hudson in
lSos' and the fourteenth. also another boat Inv
stevens which piled the Hudson i'm 1906
New-York tribune., 1909-09-25

was taken in 1894 from Hartford TO New York
Livingston and several of his associates were
aboard.
Fitch Was undoubtedly a genius and had he
not been Handicapped by lack OF funds would
probably have attained the success and reputa-
ton that were earned by Fulton. In 1896 Fitch
came 10 New York with his models and plans,
and in that year built and operated on the Col
Iect Pond. which was where the Criminal Courts
Building stands. the seventh American
steamboat. He had abandoned the clumsy side
paddles of his earlier boats. and the craft which
puffed and splashed about the Collect Pond com
bined with side paddle wheels a screw pro-
pclleT
BIG KETTLE FOR BOILER
1t has been asserted that both Livingston and
Fulton rode on this boat. but Fulton at that time
was abroad. Livingston, owing To his interest
in steam navigation very likely either RODE on
New-York tribune., 1909-09-25

Fitch tried on the Delaware River the hrst
boat successfully propelled by steam in Amer
lea" Fitch's boat, which was set in motion on
July -. 1IS6. was moved by gangs OF oars or
paddles clunsily arranged on 4 framework on
the size of the boat.
In admitting the priority Of the experiments
Of Fitch and others. no necessity is involved ~
depriving Fulton Of the distinction az being the
father Of American steamboatnE for. as Or
Edward Hagaman Hall says: TO shut our
eyes to the minor successes OF Fulton's PTede-
cessors is unjust To- those struggling ana SELF
sacrificing pioneers, and it is unjust 10 Fulton
himself for il disqualifes us from forming a
true estimate Of the genius and character by
which Fulton able not only TO solve tn.
profound problems Of 4 new science, but also
Ia inspire confidence and command the material
resources which were needed to put his ideas in
practical operation
ODD EARLY CRAFTS.
According to Admiral Preblc's tables. Fitch
ran IN improved steamboat ,the second Ameri-
can steamhoaU on Tho Delaware ~ Ph.iadsI-
phia in August. 17s7. The third steamboat was