davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Wibaux pioneer. [volume] (Wibaux, Mont.) 1907-1919, 1909-10-14

Farmers

The more we hear about the
prosperous farmer and the gen.
eral conclusions as to his con.
dition the more we are inclined
to think that this prosperity is
either misunderstood or not
stated accurately. We are not
going to controvert the state
ment that the tiller of the soil
has had years Of succeeding good
times and that economically he
is a wealthy parsonage but we
want to have the average read-
er of this literature to see things
in their proper light
If the farmer Is prosperous
he is also a business man. Some
how most Of the statements we
hear convey the impression that
he is just q lolllng UroesGs, that
his jeans are bAlging with money
and he is spending II il the riot.
GUS Indulgence Of gasoline.
Nothing of the sort. Like any
other sound business man he is
branching out with his excess
capital He IS increasing his
holdings in land, lie is improv.
ing his farm equipment, either in
buildings or latest machinery
He may also indulge in local
securities such as the neigh.
boring telephone exchange, the
creamery or the canning fact
ory and maybe he will take on a
little line of Wall Street securit-
les but all the time he is Just as
keen Tor the main chance as any
wide awake mortal.
AS a good business Than the
farmer needs credit and he is
extending his commitments as
far as his resources will permit.
The country banker does not,
on the whole, find conditions
very much different In his Sec
ton than the city banker. The
farmer has his ups and downs
just like his brother of the town;
sometimes he is bothered by his
deals no matter how undamen-
tally sound and sure they may
be. With the great underly-
ing prosperity of the country,
the appreciation Of land and the
high price level for his products
the farmer has risen up on the
great wave just as positively as
even the tate &. II. Hartman.
The point we want to impress,
however, is that It IS a mistaken
notion that the FARMER has a
superabuntlance of cash. He
has splendid collateral to meet
his needs and for further indus
trial or business expansion. In
other words he needs the same
facilities Of progress just as
The Wibaux pioneer. [volume] (Wibaux, Mont.) 1907-1919, 1909-10-14

WANTED A good all-around
blacksmith and woodwolker, at
once. Good steady job for right
party. Gall or write, r. R. Bush
man, Wibaux, Montana. 32tf
The Wibaux pioneer. [volume] (Wibaux, Mont.) 1907-1919, 1909-10-14

FoR SALE - Cine bay sttriving
mare. weight l, Lao ipounAs, seven
years old, absolutely gentle 'broke.
See w. A, Bell, Wibaux, Mont.
The Wibaux pioneer. [volume] (Wibaux, Mont.) 1907-1919, 1909-10-14

Exchange-$20. Geo worth Of
city property to exchange for
horses. cattle or sheep. See j.
M. Kanouse, Yates, Montana.
The Wibaux pioneer. [volume] (Wibaux, Mont.) 1907-1919, 1909-10-14

DO YOU take the neer? If
not, try it. It will do you good.
The Wibaux pioneer. [volume] (Wibaux, Mont.) 1907-1919, 1909-10-14

Marketing at start Of this week
4O,O and trading was generally
steady.
The Ogden standard. [volume] (Ogden City, Utah) 1902-1910, 1909-09-25
RAIL FENCE PHILOSOPHY

The attitude OF some farmers toward
the good roads problem is Ike the lazy
man whose roof leaked. When il
rained he could not nX 1t, and when the
weather was good a roof was not
needed.
The farmer who mixes plenty OF
brain with his work does not have to
toll from daylight to two hours after
dark to make money.
a good farmer Is always busy Even
on stormy days his brain keeps right
on working.
A mans word may be "as good as
his bond but we mover knew banker
who ran his business on this theory.
Now the field work is driving ovory-
body. How cxaspcratinG to have to
stop and do other things that might
have been done when the ground was
frozen.
Tho man who chops wood in July Is
the man VINO hugs the stove too closely
In December.
Education which docs not tend 10
bring contentment and peace is OF little
value.
II Is bad to thrash your horse to
make him increase his speed Put the
whip into the manGor.-Neishbor John.
The Ogden standard. [volume] (Ogden City, Utah) 1902-1910, 1909-09-25
FIGHTING FOR HER LIFE

A COW that has to fight flies all day
in pasture where the grass is scant
travel half a mile or more every time
she wants a drink, and stand all nigh;
in a hot, cloee and dirty stable ought
not to be expected TO earn much money
by her milk,
But too many farmers expect her to
make good under such circumstances
just the same.
Why, the cow is actually fighting for
her life during the hot days unless snc
is properly cared for. and if she gives
drop OF milk it is more than she
ought TO do.
Cows drink a surprisingly large
amount of water every day IL they can.
In herd of a dozen some one OF them
VIII be taking a mouthful every hour
of the day where there is running
stream or cool, clean water in a
trough
II cows have TO travel half a mile
three or four times a day in hot weather
TO get a drink they win certainly lose
In the milkgiving power every time
II Isn't nature TO keep up a normal
supply under such conditions
II is not an uncommon sight TO see
cows running Wildly across the sun
scorched field, mad with thirst and the
torment of flies. In search OF shade and
water.
Is II reasonable TO suppose the milk
supply can be kept up when COW is In
such misery Hardly.
COW Is milking machine and
should be treated as such II she IS of
good dairy blood. has good food. clean
water shade, and is kept free from
worry she viii pay her way every time.
But even COW has her limitations.
The Ogden standard. [volume] (Ogden City, Utah) 1902-1910, 1909-09-25
MANAGEMENT OF SHEEP
The Greatest of Care Should Be Exercised in the
Selection of the Eve Well the Sire
Time and Patience Also Necessary.

the removal OF ewes abortinG or strain
ing. and disinfcction.
a tub OF live lime under cover, will
an empty tub and shovel. is a Wis
provision. The clcanlngs should b'
placed IN the tub and u shovelful o
+. lime thrown over them.
Much Of the so-called bad luck I:
usually traceable to the treatment o
the ewes received during The pregnanc,
| period. and high rate of mortalit,
among ewes and lambs is often the re-
suit of an excessive supply OF turnips
or the ewes being pastured on cold
wet soil. or being folded on heavy tur-
nip lands. with water up to their bel.
lies.
II is OF Importance to get the ewes
and lambs out OF fold as soon as pos
siblc.
In the case OF twins the ewes can bc
put on generous diet and as far as
artificial food Is concerned nothing
beats a mixture of beans or peas In
small quantities, malt dust malt. good
linseed cake, crushed oats. dried grains
and bran. or. TO save trouble, pre-
pared lamb food which meets require
ments
BY depasturing the old turf first and
following with the seeds an improve
ment is rapidly seen. as the ewes milk
bctter.
At weaning time keep is usually
scarce. and when weaned carly tho
lambs may be put on the best pastures
and the ewes put into one field. After
math clovcrs arc sometimes available,
and cabbage mustard or some other
green crop comes in conveniently.
The young seeds como on after har-
vest, the lambs being removed at night
to the arabic lands
The experience of breeders during
tho past decade seems To point TO keep
ing the lambs from the period of wcan-
ing right through tho autumn on arabic
lands, eating variety of green food.
turnips and young clovers and not on
old pastures. where without doubt the
larvae are picked up. The arrange
mcnt OF succession of foods is there
fore necessary.
Dealing with tho drafting OF the
flock, regular system of drafting at
n certain age Is not so easy as in a
commercial flock, The important point
is to prevent the flock from degener-
atlng into n lot OF old owes
Should tho young ewes be excep-
tionslly good and by ono or moro ia
voritc sires, II would be polite to draft
from the breeding tlock and dispose
or the young ewes in their entirety.
when they usually sell exceptionally
well,
1t is best 10 select the shearling
ewes tc fleece. and on no account
should the breeder be tempted to sell
his best ewes.
Dealing with show sheep. one of the
difficulties is 10 impress upon the
shepherd the fact that sheep grow ard
thrive better on plenty of green food
and good clover or sainfoin hay, with
a moderate allowance OF grain. than
with grain ad libitum and a short sup
ply of natures own food
The Ogden standard. [volume] (Ogden City, Utah) 1902-1910, 1909-09-25
KEEP THE ROAD DRAG GOING

Bad roads arc an extravaganza that
no farming community can afford. Just
what they cost in unnecessary expense
it takes but a moment TO determine.
a team and driver are reasonably
worth So day. and oy the use of these
it is possible To deliver to market. from
your home, 100 bushels of corn. Haul
Ing over good roads, tho cost of do
livery is cents per bushel. But If in
consequence OF bad roadg. but ATTY
bushels can be delivered, the cost "a
doubled and the difference is what
the impossible roads cost YOU. CON
tnue this calculation, applying It TO
the hauling of all of your crops. and
it quickly becomes apparent that 1t
amounts to a very burdensome tax.
Good roads help in every way; they
promote sociability by making friends
and relatives accessible. end by means
OF them it Is caster To reach tho schools
and churches and 70 generally do and
enjoy the things which make He really
worth living.
The Ogden standard. [volume] (Ogden City, Utah) 1902-1910, 1909-09-25

land cement to two parts of fine sand
and four parts OF coarse gravel. This
is stamped in thoroughly up to top OF
the forms.
Before The forms arc entirely filled
ON the sides make three boxes eight
inches square on the inside and eight
ieet long. These are 10 hold tho con-
crete; place three feet apart. as shown
In illustration. so the top edge is even
with top edge OF side walls.
Brace up from below TO hold in place
and fill with concrete and re-enforce
with Sh inch iron rods. This enables
the beams to bond with the side walls
and so make them stronger.
For the roof build four forms thirty
one inches wide by eight feet long,
place with top edge even with top edge
OF beams In the four spaces between
beams and brace up from below to hold
in place.
Ovor this-lay about two inches Of
concrete and then place your rc-en-
forcing rods In position and cover with
concrete until the roof is the required
four inches thick.
II Is best 10 leave the side wall forms
I'm place, also the roof beam forms
until the concrete on the walls and roof
has begun 10 set or harden
This viii require several days before
the permanent set is sure to have
taken place; then they must be re-
moved 80 the cellar can be completed
After forms are removed from the
side walls lay your floor in cellar and
also In landing, as illustration shows.
to depth OF four inches. If desired,
the bottom of the noor may be of small
stones of about two 10 three inches In
size, and over this n concrete mixture
poured and lcveed off
If care is taken tnat the concrete Is
tamped down between the stone and
that the TOP course OF mortar IS about
one and one-half inches thick at tho
least, the floor VIII be as strong as if
OF solid concrete
This can also be applied to the walls.
small stones OF even six inches i'm d.
amcter can be inserted In the mortar
The Ogden standard. [volume] (Ogden City, Utah) 1902-1910, 1909-09-25
ORCHARD NOTES

In breaking up the orchard sod /,
you cannot use disk use a plow with
narrow shear and use a short single.
tree.
Barnyard manure Is tho best fer
tllizer for an orchard. but on old neg
lected soils the ground should frs,
DC pio"ed before the manure is ap-
piled.
A dust mulch would prevent the
evaporation OF the moisture in tho
orchard Just the Same as i'm the opcn
held Then why not use IL? some
mon do not put knife or saw into
their orchard for four or five voars
then In ft Of enthusiasm they cut
and slash, doing moro harm than good
Trim the apple trees just enough ia
let the air and sunlight In 10 r,nen
the fruit.
On tree that is properly pruned
most OF the fruit viii be found on Tho
inside branches.
III your peach trees seem TO have
been winter killed do not be in too
big hurry 10 destroy them. Cut
them back. fertilizc the soil around
them and wait season.
Inc use of commercial fertilizers
"hnout stable or other coarse manure
VIII soon rob the orchard soil of ,,u
humus. And that would be fatal
Cover crops hold soil and also add
to the hunlns when plowcd under
tree that is infested with inaoc,,
viii not thrive any better than nts
covered with lice. ''s
Inc farmer who starts an orcho rd
and has not studied the effects -,
spraying might as we'll save hio 81
and expense. He viii fail wis.,,
spraying, 'V"'
The Ogden standard. [volume] (Ogden City, Utah) 1902-1910, 1909-09-25
BY A. A. YoUGHToS.

On every farm there is demand
for a good outside cellar which cnn bc
easily and chcaply built OF concrete,
poses. such as a milk-coollng cellar
for the storing of roots and vegetables
as well as any other use the needs de-
mand
The cellar shown In the illustration
Is OF a handy size; by II foot floor
concrete roof beams, which arc S by
inches,
The walls arc eight inches thick and
the floor and roof four inches, the rooi
being re-cnCorccd with quartcr-inch
iron rods laid two to tho foot each way
After cXcavGting to depth of about
five and onc-half feet. build form OF
onc-incn boards. ten inches wide. that
Is exactly S by II feet square and feet
S inches high.
Set this in tho excavation, the edge
of the earth to be the mold for the out
side wall on three sides TO the top OF
the ground level Above the ground
level build the form Of boards for
molding the outside edge OF wall. space
for concrete to be eight inches
For the front, or Doorway make a
form by feet as a casing 10 mold
tho doorway and set in place; board
up where needed outside this casing,
which is eight inches thick, and boards
may be nailed 10 same FOR outside wall
For the side walls OF the stairway
build forms as FOR the regular side
walls and OF length OF eight feet, II
you want a small landing at the foot OF
tho stairway. tho side walls may be
eight inches thick, but if desired to
make as cheaply as possible they may
be built six inches thick.
The forms for this should be the
height of doorway at top. as shown In
illustration. and then slope downward
eighteen inches, if the ground permits
AS soon as side wall forms are In
place fill with the concrete mixture
which is best made OF one part Port
The Ogden standard. [volume] (Ogden City, Utah) 1902-1910, 1909-09-25
FARM TEAMS MUST BE HEAVY

One thing which has greatly i'm
pressed me during the past few wears
IS the poor tlilagc and cultivation prac-
ticed ON farms where light work teams
arc compelled 10 handle modern heav,
farm machinery
Many farmers arc I'm favor OF keeping
horses that can be utilized for farm
work and yet be suitable for family
road horses, but conditions arc con-
stantly changing and the farm team
that VIII best meet the demands of the
prcsent-day conditions must have suf-
iielcnt size and strength to enable them
TO walk UP promptly with heavy farm
machinery.
Eastern farmers must get away from
tho practice of breeding trotting-br
horses and breed drafters that are
capable Of handling improved nachin
cry To the best advantage Tho in
creased cost OF competent farm labor
makes it imperative that we have ad
cquate horse power TO make the best
and most profitable use OF every mans
time.
One good man with three able-bodiod
horses of the draft typo will accom-
plish moro work during a season than
two men will with four or nvc light
horses and less efficient machinery.
The Ogden standard. [volume] (Ogden City, Utah) 1902-1910, 1909-09-25
BY THOMAS NJ. cIsEL.

Broomcorn can be grown on almost
any soil. but does the best on a lovcl,
black soil. The planting and culti-
vation Is tho same as OF Indian corn.
only the plants must be much thicker
in the row. as close planting makes
the brush long and fine. which is much
desired for making brooms. Plant some
next spring.
a farmer who has twenty acres OF
broomcorn should have fifteen mon
when the corn Is ready for cutting,
which should be done the sixth day
after the brush commences 10 push
from the root
In cutting. tho corn Is first made into
tables or benches by overlapping two
rows.
After the tables arc madc tho cut
tors pass down the open row and re-
move the brush from the stalk at the
first joint below tho boot, placing it in
small punches on the table.
After that II Is placed on wagons
and taken 10 the sccdcr, where the seed
Is removed by passing the brush
through spiked rollers.
1t Is then placed on racks In a cur
ing shed. These racks arc made by
Stating tho sides OF an open shed with
wooden strips by > inches and laying
cross sticks from one wall to tho other.
The brush is placed about three inches
deep on the cross-sticls, where IL gets
the benefit OF plenty of air.
After two weeks 1t is removed from
the racks and made into bales.
Some growers sell the bales TO the
factory others mako IL into broomS I'm
their own shops.
The Ogden standard. [volume] (Ogden City, Utah) 1902-1910, 1909-09-25
A RAILROAD SHOWS HOW

AS a rule railroads with lands to sell
have confined their advertising 10
beautifully printed pamphlets and
stcreotypcd descriptions OF the coun-
try.
1t remained for a southern railroad.
the Norfolk & Western. to adopt meth
DDS that really have some merits.
In order to show farmers from the
north. as We'll as those from their own
part Of the country. what can be &C.
comDlishcd by growing various crops.
the officers Of the road have cstab-
lished experimental farms along tne
line.
These farms arc under the super
vision of first -claSs farmer who
humps himself to produce better crops
than anybody else in the ncighboF-
hood.
Tho manager lives in a model Tara
cottage. with all modern convenience
possible. TO show farmers how they cau
live more comfortably than under the
old fashioned conditions
The barns arc all constructed froa
up to- date plans, and every one has d
Silo connected with it.
Tho stalls are drained by cutters thai
empty into concrete manure pit, 50
that none Is wasted.
Water Is pumped for general use by
II gasoline engine, and an icehouse and
an iceboN built next to the dairy are
among the modern conveniepces.
Experiments arc made With various
farm crops, and as a great deal OF fer
tiliZer is used in tho south great attea'
tion is given to this detail of far7
work
The Ogden standard. [volume] (Ogden City, Utah) 1902-1910, 1909-09-25
POULTRY YARD COMMENTS

Do not feed much corn In the sum-
mcr time. Ii makes fat
With large nockS hopper feeding is
doubtless all right, because it is a great
labor saver. but the small flock Will do
better fed from the hand.
Give the chickens all the range pos
slblc in summer. a light fence run
around a portion OF the orchard makes
an ideal place for them
The hot sun VIII XIII very young
chickens. They should always have
plenty OF shade
great many people arc successful
in hatch'ng chicks in mcubators and
then smother them by ovcrcrowding
the broodcrS.
Unless the brooder IL kept thorough
ly clean and given sunshine apd air
the youngsters VIII develop tubercu-
losis.
1t IS just as important To spray the
interior OF tho brooder with Kerosene
as 1t is 10 spray the poultry house
later on.
The Ogden standard. [volume] (Ogden City, Utah) 1902-1910, 1909-09-25

when forms arc filed and thus save
the amount OF cement used and for
thls class Of work the strength is ample
Tor all needs and the expense of build
ing is materially lcssenod.
For the steps oil the stairs. set an
clght-inch board upright thirty inches
out from the doorway and brace In
position; III the space with concrete
TO width OF fifteen inches and depth
of eight inches
III YOU have not cut out the stairway
In the earth as shown in the illustra-
ton the step need be but four inches
in thickness
AS fast as one step is nodded move
the board or use another, placing
twelve inches farther from the door
This VIII give tho steps a width of
twelve inches and rise OF eight inches
until the top is reached.
The work of building the stems can
be made easier if in cxcavatIng you
use care to cut out the size Of each
step in the earth; I'm heavy soil this
can easily he done. Then all you have
to do is cover the same to the proper
depth with concrete To complete,
For the inside arrangements Won can
easily build the bins, milk cooling
trouShs or whatever is desired by
using the Side walls as part OF the
same and then constructing one side
and end Of core of the size desired
FOR The inside of bin; also another side
and end FOR outside about four inches
larger
These arc used to mold the walls Of
the bin. and as tho fresh concrete VIII
bond with the side walls the whole
should be as strong as II nodded to-
gether.
Where water or Ice Is to he used in
the cooling tank it viii be necessary
to paint the inside with a mixture of
clear cement mixed In water. Apply
this with paint brush just as YOU
would paint. and use several coats
This viii give much smoother sur
face 10 the Inside Of tho trough or bin
and also IL water is placed In the Same
It VIII not permeatc the cement so
readily as 1t would otherwise.
The Ogden standard. [volume] (Ogden City, Utah) 1902-1910, 1909-09-25
FOR The FARMERS WIFE

Pears must be cooked until tender
before sugar is added. and one or two
pieces OF ginger root gives very
pleasant flavor
Always cook fruit rapidly and in
small quantities If wanted especially
fine, either for canning or Immediate
use.
Class Jars with tops should he well
stcrllizcd before using by puttlng into
cold wator and bringing to a boil. Bet
ter 10 have new rubbers every season.
Tom1toes canned in glass sometimes
become insipid, but if salted and pop
pered before canning and arc well
wrapped IN paper 10 exclude the light
they will keep fresh and sweet
II tin cans arc used for tomatoes
salt and pepper should never be put in
before canning bccause of the action
OF the salt upon the tin, and great care
should be observed In having the cans
bright and new and perfectly free from
rust.
The Ogden standard. [volume] (Ogden City, Utah) 1902-1910, 1909-09-25
BROOMCORN GOOD CROP
Must Have Level Black Soil and Careful Cultiva
tion-Product Can Be Worked Up to Coed Ad-
vantage by the Farmer and Family at Horne

Tho brooms made by tho hand ma.
chimes on the farm arc much finer thar
the factory made brooms and bring
higher price where they arc known.
Many farmers I'm the broomcoru bell
arc expert broommakcrs. some turning
out as many as 100 brooms a day
wired and trimmed.
on fair soil broomcorn VIII mako
from one-half To three -fourths of a ton
Of brush To the acre. Each ton of
brush after the crooked stalks are r..
moved will make about sixty dozen
brooms that viii sell for $3.50 Der
dozen.
The crooked brush Is worked into
mats. busters and small hand brooms
These usually bring enough to pay for
all materials that must be bought, such
as handles. tins. twinc and name tags
Broomcorn can be grown whore In
dian corn viii grow, requiring only a
short time TO mature. When planted
the last OF May 1t will be ready 10 cnt
the first OF September. When tho
brush Is removed tho stalks make good
pasture. and when turned under green
are fine fertilizer.
Tho seed can also he returned to tho
soil, or If dry make fine winter feed
for chickens. Ono thing about a
broomcorn crop TO be considered is the
crop is planted. harvested and ready
for market quicker than any OF the
grain crops and for Il quicker return
money maker it can't be beaten. and il
furnishes Indoor work when work could
not be dono outside in the winter
storms.
Broom making tools arc not cx.
pcnslve and full set requires but
small room for their operation.