The citizen. (Honesdale, Pa.) 1908-1914, 1909-06-16
BURNS COST 5000
LIVES EACH YEAR
How to Treat People Who Are
Burned.

Burned.
An interesting and instructive
pamphlet has been issued from the
Office of State Fire Marshal w. S.
Rogers, of Ohio, which gives valu-
able advice as to first aid to the
injured and burned at fires. 1t
reads, in part:
More than six thousand persons
are burned to death every year in
the United States. Many times that
number are badly burned.
"A burn of the first degree hurts
only the outside of the skin. The
burned place is red painfully hot
and tender. When it gets we'll the
outside layer of the skin peels. This
outside layer of the skin is made of
scales like those of a fish, but very
much smaller.
ITO stop the pain from such burn
the air must be kept away from it.
Lint or cotton wet from a pint of
water into which a teaspoonful of
baking soda has been stirred
should be put over the burn and held
by bandage. If there is no soda
use sweet oil or molasses. Many
mothers use scrapings from a pota-
to. If burn of this kind covers a
large part of the body it is danger
Gus and a doctor should be sent for.
while waiting for him an extern
sive burn should be wrapped in cot
ton or covered with flour. A very
large burn which only makes the
skin red without blistering it may
cause one to sink and die from shock
and pain. Big burns that are not
deep often come from gas and gaso-
line explosions in which the heat
only lasts a moment.
In burns of the second degree
there are blisters. Blisters are made
by water from the blood being
poured out to cool the burn. The
skin over the blister should not be
taken away, but the water should
be let out of it by a needle prick at
it's edge. Clothing should be taken
off with care not to break any blist-
ers. The skin over the blister is the
best covering for the raw spot un-
der it until new skin grows.
Burns of this kind should be
covered with soft rags or cotton dip
ped in carron oil, which can be had
at any drug store, or by cloth
smeared with tallow. Over the
cloths a bandage should be put.
Burns of the third degree take
the life out of all the layers of the
skin and sometimes out of the flesh
under them. The skin is made hard
like stiff paper. The dead skin and
flesh is gotten rid of by matter form
ing under it. While these deep
burns are healing the flesh under
them may draw up so that a joint
cannot be moved. They always leave
bad scars.
Amy deep burn should have the
care of a doctor quickly. Until 4.e
gets there the burned one should be
wrapped in blanket or put into a
bathtub of warm water. Many per-
sons say burn should be held near
flame to draw the fire out of
it. That is foolish.
Most of the deep burns are suf-
iSiSu W pei W llOoC ClOluluS Is
ignited. This is because the flame
is kept against the skin so long.
Children whose clothes take fire
are usually burned to death.
"Scalds are burns from very hot
water. They are not likely to be
deep because the water runs off.
If the fluid is thicker than water the
scald is deeper. Burns and scalds
are most dangerous to children if
on the chest.
Water will scald long before it
gets as hot as flame. Water heat
ed to 130 degrees is as painful to
ones hand as the blaze from a
match, which is more than 600 de-
grees. Passing ones hand through
a blaze that hot gives little pain,
but one would drop a pan heated to
175 degrees.
'Tablespoonfuls of coffee or soup
heated to 1870 degrees can be swal-
lowed from a spoon without hurt,
but if the spoon touches the lips it
burns them. Although the skin on
the soles of the feet is the thickest
on the body, one cannot stand on a
hot plate which he could hold in his
hand without discomfort.