davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Ogden standard. [volume] (Ogden City, Utah) 1902-1910, 1909-08-03
WESTERN LEAGUE.

WESTERN LEAGUE.
Lincoln, 8; Sioux City, q.
Lincoln. Aug. 2,-Score:
r. H. e
Lincoln .....,...... ; IL l
Sioux City .......... 4 2
McCafferty and Sullivan. Mason:
Fromme and Towne eleven innlngs).
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1909-10-21

2S feet above mean tide, extending to Mirahores. the
location of the final lock. The ruling bottom width of
the canal prism was fixed at $50 feet, increased at the
curves and in the submerged channels. In Panama bay
the width was fixed at 200 feet and in the artificial chan
mel in Limon bay 500 feet was adopted, Will turning
places 800 feet wide, The minimum depth was IS feet
and the locks were to have disable lengths of TAO feet
and widths of "a feet. The commission assessed the
value Of the rights, franchises, concessions. lands. I'm.
finished work, plans and other property, including the
railroad of the New Panama Canal Company, at S4O-
100000.
By act Of congress, approved June 28, 1902. the presi.
dent of the United States was authorized to acquire, at
a cost not exceeding $4O,OO0,000, the property rights of
the New Panama Canal Company on the Isthmus of Pan.
anna and also to secure from the Republic of Colombia
perpetual control of a strip of land not less than six
miles wide, extending from the Caribbean sea to the
Pacific ocean. t
Pursuant to the legislation, negotiations were entered
into with Colombia and with the New Panama Canal
Company, with the end that a treaty was made with the
Republic OF Panama granting to the United States con-
troll OF a lOmile strip, constituting the Canal Zone, with
tne right 10 construct, maintain and operate a canal. This
treaty was ratified by the Republic Of Panama on De-
cember 2, 1903, and by the United States on February
23, 1904.
The formal transfer of the property Of the New Pana-
ma Canal Company on the isthmus was made on May A.
1904, after which the United States, began the organiza-
ton Of a force for the construction Of the lock type of
canal In the meantime continuing the excavation by
utilizing the French material and equipment and such
labor as was procurable on the isthmus.
Lock Type Is Adopted.
The question Of a sealevel canal was again agitated
and secured such recognition that the president con-
vened the international board of engineefs. consisting Of
il members, to assemble at Washington on the first day
OF September, 1905, for the purpose Of considering the
various plans for the construction Of the canal that
would be submitted to it.
AS a result Of its deliberations the board submitted a
majority report and a minority report signed by 1--WE Of
its members, the former advocating a sealevel canal and
the latter a lock canal. with the summit level IS feet
above mean tide.
The Isthmian Canal Commission, with one dissenting
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1909-10-21

one-half mile wide at the base, 100 feet wide at the top,
constructed to 1876 feet above mean tide. The lake
formed by this dam, I'll square miles in extent, carried
navigation to Pedro Miguel, where a lock of 80 feet
lift carried the vessel down to a lake So feet above mean
tide, extending to Sosa hill, where two locks overcame
the difference of level between the lake surface and the
Pacific. Nineteen and eighthundredths miles of the dis
lance from Gatun to Sosa hill had a channel 1000 feet
at the bottom, a minimum channel for ~ miles through
Culebra of 200 feet at the bottom. The balance of the
distance varied in width to 800 feet, the larger portion
of the entire canal being not less than 500 feet. The
depth of water was fixed at As feet. The lake assured q
perfect control Of the Chagres river.
improvements in Original Plans.
Certain changes have been made in the original pro.
ject, the most important being the withdrawal Of the
locks from Sosa to Mirafores, which was recommended
and adopted in December, 1907. This resulted in a
change in the direction of the channel in Panama bay.
A breakwater is being constructed from Sosa to Naos
island which, by cutting off the siltbearing cross-cur-
rent, which has always been troublesome, protects the
channel against sitting.
A second change Is the widening of the Az miles
Of Culebra cut to a width of 800 feet at the bottom. This
was done by executive order and was not made on the
recommendation of the commission.
A third change is the location of the breakwaters in
Colon harbor. The necessity for these breakwaters was
made apparent in the latter part Of January, when a
storm of some magnitude seriously interfered with ship
ping. As originally proposed for both sealevel and lock
types, the ~breakwaters were parallel to the axis Of the
channel excavated In Limon bay. II SO constructed. suf-
fcient area would not be given to dissipate the waves
entering head on into the channel and they would not
afford much, IL any, protection to shipping. These break
waters are to be built out from Manzanillo island and
an opportunity for such expansion to the waves as to
break them up.
A fourth change Is in the dimensions OF the locks.
As proposed by the minority they were 900 feet by 95
subsequently changed by the commission at the instiga-
ton OF the president to dimensions 100 feet wide and
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1909-10-21

that is, a sealevel canal across the isthmus 500 or 600
feet wide. To accomplish this, however, a lock canal
must be built first and subsequently widened and deep
ened until the ideal is reached. There is no data avail
able for such a canal. With mountains instead Of hills
to be removed estimates are, of course, impossible; SO
the most optimistic figures, suitable alone to the ideal,
are offered as a bait. In any event it is also claimed
that Bohio should have been selected for the site of the
dam in lieu of Gatun.
AS between Gatun and Bohio, at both places the dis.
lance from the natural surface to the rock Is so great
that any attempt to found the dam on the last named
material will be attended by enormous expense. AT Bo.
ho the gorge in its lower strata is filled with water
bearing gravel, and to make the dam safe the underdow
through these strata would have to be cut off by some
means extending down 165 feet. No such strata exist
at Gatun, so, for this reason alone, leaving out OF consid-
GRAFTON the advantages in the control Of the Chagres
river and to navigation by reason of the greater extent
of lake, Gatun offers the better site.
Both the majority and minority Of the board OF con
sulting engineers considered Gatun a suitable location
for a dam; the former adopted it for the typical lock
canal used for comparison with the sealevel canal, the
latter for the 85-foot summitlevel canal. The majority,
however, feared the existence OF an underground dow
in case of the higher dam, but Investigations have failed
to disclose any. The great mass of underlying material
Is not sandy and gravclly deposits, as was supposed, but
a mixture Of these materials so firmly cemented together
with clay as to make the strata in which they occur
impervious to water.
Foundation at Gatun Is Satisfactory.
/ venture the statement. without fear Of contradiction.
that the site of no public or private work of any kind
has received such a thorough and exhaustive examine
ton and investigation as the foundation Of the dam and
locks. at Gatun. There Is no longer a doubt concerning
any Of the underlying strata; neither the impermeabnity
nor the ability Of the foundations to bear the loads that
will be brought upon them can be questioned If the data
be carefully and impartially examined. The investiga-
tons fail to disclose any water-bearing strata or the ex.
equal to the Chagres river itself, which was recently
asserted as a fact on the floor Of the senate.
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1909-10-21

differences a tidal lock near the Pacific was provided.
Various schemes were also proposed for the control of
the Chagres, the most prominent being the construction
of a dam at Gamboa. The dam as proposed afterward
proved to be impracticable and this problem re-
manned, for the time being, unsoved. The tunnel through
the divide was also abandoned in favor of an open cut.
First Change from Sea Level to Lock Type.
Work was prosecuted on the sealevel canal until
1887, when a change to the lock type was made, in order
TO secure the use of the canal for navigation as soon
as possible. 1t was agreed at that time that the change
in plan did not contemplate abandonment of the sea-
level canal, which was ultimately to be secured, but
merely its postponement for the time being. In this new
plan the summit level was placed above the food line
of the Chagres river, to be supplied with water from
that stream by pumps. Work was pushed forward until
1889, when the company went into bankruptcy, and on
February 4, that year, a ~liquidator was appointed to take
charge of its affairs. Work was suspended on May is,
1889. The new Panama Canal Company was organized
in October, 1894, when work was again resumed, on the
plan recommended by a commission of engineers.
This plan contemplated a s~ealevel canal from Limon
bay to Bohio, where a dam across the valley created a
lake extending to Bias Obispo, the difference in level
being overcome by two locks; the summit level extended
from Bias Obispo to Paraiso, reached by two more locks,
and was supplied with water by a feeder from an artif-
,cial reservoir created by a dam at Alhajuela, in the up
per Chagres valley. Four locks were located on the
Pacific side, the two middle ones at Pedro Miguel COM
bined in q flight.
A second or alternative plan was proposed at the
same time, by which the summit level was to be a lake
formed by the Bohio dam, fed directly by the Chagres.
Work was continued on this plan until the rights and
property Of the new company were purchased by the
United States.
United States Become Interested.
The United States, not unmindful Of the advantages
of an isthmian canal, had from time to time made inves-
legations and surveys of the various routes. With a
view to government ownership and control congress di.
rected an investigation of the Nicaraguan canal, for
which a concession had been granted to a private com
pany. The resulting report brought about such a dis
.cussion Of the advantages of the Panama route to the
Nicaraguanl route that by an act Of congress, approved
March 81 1859, a commission was appointed to make full
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1909-10-21
A Bankers NERVE
Broken by Coffee and Restored by
Postum.

A banker needs perfect control OF
the nerves, and a clear, quick, accu-
rate brain. A prominent banker Of
Chattanooga tells how he keeps him
self in condition:
up to N years Of age I was not
allowed to drink coffee, but as soon as
! got out in the world / began to use
it and grew very fond of it. For some
Gears / noticed no bad effects from its
use, but in time it began to affect me
u~nfavorably. My hands trembled. the
muscles of my face twitched, my men.
tai processes seemed slow and in other
ways my system got out Of order.
These conditions grew SO bad at last
that had to give up coffee altogether.
my attention having been drawn to
Postum, J began its use on leaving on
the coffee, and 1t gives me pleasure "a
testify to its value. / find it a delicious
beverage; like It just as we'll as | did
coffee, and during the years that I
have used Postum / have been free
from the distressing symptoms that ac-
companied the use Of coffee. The nerv.
BUSINESS has entirely disappeared, and
| am as steady Of hand as a boy Of
rs, though / am more than 90 years
old. ! owe all this to Postum
There's a Reason Read the little
book, 'The Road to Wellyille, in
pkgs. Grocers sell.
.NM ~ NH|.I LANANII rE
Ever read the above Ietterf Al new
one aDpears from time to simc. They
IRE genuine, true. and fun of humans
Lnterest.
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1909-10-21

months use of them."-Mrs. S. A.
WILLIAMS, r. F. d. No. ID, Box SO.
Gardiner, Me.
No woman should submit to a surgi-
cal operation, which may mean death,
until she has given Lydia e. Pinkham's
Vegetable Compound, made exclusive
ly from roots and herbs, a fair trial.
This famous medicine for women
has for thirty years proved to be the
most valuable tonic and remover of
the female organism. Women resid-
ing in almost every city and town in
the United States bear willing testi-
mony to the wonderful virtue of Lydia
E. Pinkham's Vegetable Compound.
1t cures female ills, and creates radi-
ant, buoyant female health. II you
are i'll, for your own sake as well az
those you love, give it a trial.
Mrs. Pinkham, at Lynn, Mass,
invites all sick women to write
herfOr advice. Her advice is free
and always helpful.
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1909-10-21

At a dinner In Bar Harbor a Boston
woman praised the wit of the late Ed
ward Everett Hale.
walking OF the outskirts Of Boston
n day" she said, "he and | inadvert-
emily entered a field that had a No
Trespassing' sign nailed-to a tree.
Soon a farmer appeared.
'Trespassers in this field are prose-
cuted,' he said in a grim tone.
"Dr. Hale smiled b~landly.
But we are not ~trespassers, my
good man. he said.
What are you then?' asked the
amazed farmer.
Were Unitarians, said DR.. Hale
washington Star.
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1909-10-21

voice, recommended to the president the
adoptlon OF the lock type recommended
oy the minority, which was also strong
~ advocated by the then chief engineer,
Mr.. John F.. Stevens.
On June 20, 1906, congress provided
that a lock type Of canal be constructed
across the Isthmus of Panama, Of the
general type proposed by the minority
OF the board of consulting engineers, and
work has continued along these lines. AS
originally proposed, the plan consisted
OF a practically straight channel 500 feet
wide, Al feet deep from deep water in
the Caribbean to Gatun, where an ascent
to the S5-foot level was made by three
locks in flight. The level is maintained
by a dam approximately 1900 feet long,
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1909-10-21

and complete investigation of the 18TH
mus of Panama, with a view to the con-
struction of a canal to connect
the Atlantic and Pacific oceans E.
and particularly to investigate the two
routes known respectively as the Mica
ragua route and the Panama route, with
a view to determining the most prac-
ticable and feasible route for such canal,
together with the approximate and prob
able cost of constructing a canal at each
of the two or more of said routes.
The commission reported on Novem-
Der 16. 1901. in favor of Panama and rec
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1909-10-21
Hls Proner EleId.

A colored man was brought before a
police judge charged with stealing
chickens. He pleaded guilty and re-
ceived sentence, when the judge asked
how 1t was he managed to lift those
chickens right under the window Of
the owners house when there was a
dog loose in the yard. "Hit wouldn't
be no use, judge" said the man, TO
try to 'splain this thing to yo' all. Ell
you was to try it you like as not
would get yer hide full of shot an
get no chickens, nuther. Eff yo' want
to engage in any ~rascality, Judge, yo'
better stick to de bench, whar yo' am
familiar. Ladies' Home journal.
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1909-10-21
Manv Were in The Same Boat.

According to the Saturday Evening
Post, this is a story heard with much
glee by congress during the last days
of the Roosevelt administration:
During the recent cold spell in
Washington, a man, shiverfng and
ragged, knocked at the door of a X
street house and said to the lady:
please, madam, give me something
to eat. I am suffering severely from
exposure"
"You must be more specific" the
lady replied. Are you a member Of
the senate or of the house?'
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1909-10-21
Navigators' pate Line.

The international date line is an IT.
regular line drawn arbitrarily on the
map Of the Pacific ocean neat the one
hundred and eightieth meridian Of
longitude. marking the place where
navigators change their date on the
t~rans-Pacific voyage. This change Is
necessary On account Of the length
ening Of one hour for every is degrees
travel westward. BY travelling east
ward . day will be gained. westward
q day will be lost.
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1909-10-21
"A Great Bridge Builder

One Of the greatest masters Of the
art Of the engineer that this country
of inventive and resourceful minds
mas yet produced was the late Leifert
Lefferts Buck, who died at his home
near New York on July II, Mr.. Buck,
among many important engineering
projects, was notably identified with
the linking Of New York and Brooklyn
by great bridges He was the design
Ar and builder of tho second Cf these
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1909-10-21
Can Not Escape Taxation.

Every day fresh instances are com
ing to light Of how strenuous efforts
are being made in Germany to eyade
various forms Of the new and heavy
taxation. The imperial postal authori-
ties tried to escape the new taxes on
gas mantles and electric globes by
getting In a huge stock IA advance Of
the day from which the altered legis-
lation came into force. The brewers
in their spite against the government
have attempted to charge the public
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1909-10-21
with a thousand per cent. increase in

with a thousand per cent. increase in
excess Of the true increase, hoping
thereby that the public would turn and
rend the Legislators. Instead Of which
the public has either quietly reduced
its expenditure on alcohol or boycott
ted the saloons Of notorious offenders.
The German c~afetiers, too, have be-
gun to raise the price Of d cup OF cot
fee by q cent III order to recoup them
selves for an increase in taxation to
the extent Of a quarter Of a cen and
have met with the same fate at the
hands Of the consumer.
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1909-10-21

Panama, saw his opportunity for a sensational story ana
attributed the flood to the dropping OF the Gatun dam
into the subterranean lake under the dam and locks.
which another faker had previously discovered, and the
news of the destruction of the Gatun dam was cabled to
the United States.
The sin did not affect the south slope or side OF the
rock nile. 1t was entirely local and did not in any way
interfere with the work. 1t, would not have occurred
had steps been taken during construction to give the
proper slope to the rock pile, but economy OF time ana
money did not warrant such precaution. AS stated by
one Of the engineering publications, 1--WE can state from
actual personal examination that this Incident has abso-
lutely no engineering significance"
AS a result, however, the public Is told that dire dis
aster will follow the undertaking unless the present plans
are abandoned and the Straits of Panama constructed
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1909-10-21
To Rreakina one Neck. So.

The Lineup man was a facetious
soul. The woman for whom he vas
putting up a pulley c~lothes-line raj
exacting. She ordered it put in a GER
tain place, which 1t was almost impos-
sible for him to reach. He hesitated.
IF l have to put it there. lady," he
said, "Ill break my neck" Still she
did not relent. "All right, lady," he
consented, with a cheerful grin, "but
it'll cost yer So extry if | break my
neck"
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1909-10-21

Brooklyn bridges and the consulting
engineer Of the third. His steel-arch
bridges at Niagara Falls are regarded
as landmarks in the history Of that
type Of construction.
His pioneer work in Peru and Ecua-
dor as the builder Of difficult pieces OF
railroad involving high bridges and
viaduets gave him a reputation on the
west coat Of South America for mar
yelcus Kill and efficiency under dim
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1909-10-21

cult circumstance that no other man
has equaled in the Andean regions.
His modesty and u~nselishness were
as great as his courage and HIS pro
fessional skill. In all his qualities he
was an honor to the self.sacriicing
profession Of civil engineering. which
has done 50 much to place our coun-
try In the forefront of modern nations.
American Review Of Reviews.
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1909-10-21
Not Asking Much.

THE president" explained n Of
the secretaries, cant stop at Punk
vile on his swing around the circle.
In fact, my good man, we are sched-
uled to go through Plunkville at so
miles an hour"
Couldn't you throw out n of his
old hats p asked the leader Of, the com
mittee, Observation-Disclosures Her
aid.
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1909-10-21

anda severe female
weakness. 7 b Q
doctor said would
have to go to the
hospital for an
operation, but /
could not bear to
think of it. j de-
cided to try Lydia
E. Pinkham's Veg
etable Compound
and Sanative Wash
and was entirely
cured after three
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1909-10-21

Immediately following this ac-
ton the Panama Canal Company
was organized under the general
laws of France, with Ferdinand
de Lesseps as its president. The
concession granted in 1878 by Co.
lombia was purchased by the com
pany and the stock was uccess
fully loated in December, 1880.
The two years following were de-
voted largely to surveys, examina.
fions and preliminary work. In
the first plan adopted the canal
was to be 29.5 feet deep, with a
ruling bottom width of 70 feet.
Leaving Colon, the canal passed
through low ground to the valley
of the Chagres river at Gatun, a
distance Of about six miles; thence
through this valley for 81 miles, to
Obispo, where, leaving the river, it
crossed the continental divide at
7Culebra by means of a tunnel, and
reached the Pacific through the
valley of the Rio Grande. The diff
ference in the tides of the two
oceans, nine inches in either d.
r%ection from the mean in the At
Iantic and from nine to II feet
from the same datum in the Pa
.cific, was to be overcome and the
final currents reduced by a proper
sloping of the bottom of the Pa
cific portion of the canal. No pro-
visions were made for the control
of the Chagres river.
In the early eighties, after a
study of the flow due to the tidal
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1909-10-21

under the auspices of Ferdinand de Lesseps, to consider
the question of the best location and plan of the canal.
This congress, after a two weeks session, decided in
faVor of the Panama route and of a sea-level canal with
out locks. De Lesseps' success with the Suez canal
made him a strong advocate Of the sea-level type ane
his opinion had considerable influence in the decision.
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1909-10-21

commended the lock type of canal. The plan
consisted OF a sea-leyel section from Colon to
Bohlo, where a dam across the Chagres valley
created a summit level 50 to so feet above the
sea, reached by two locks. The lake OF sum-
NIT level extended from Bohio to Pedro Mi
guel, where two locks connected it with a nool
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1909-10-21

A man always expects his wife toll
be a lot better than he could possibly
be.-New York Morning Telegraph.
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1909-10-21

WOMAN
CURED
ByLydiaE {. Pinkham's
Vegetable Compound

Gardiner, Maine.-"I have been q
great sufferer from organic troubles