The Montgomery advertiser., 1909-01-03

form the first Turkish parliament The Turks went wild with enthusiasm. The Sultan finding himself unable to | quiet the uprest, granted constitu- | ton and Parliament. which he had formerly promised, but which never
 materiaised. and. at the behest of the Young Turks, stripped at of power the men who had long been fattening on the people. In celebration of the event . mass meeting was held in New York city on September q in which Turks. Armsnians, Albanians, Greeks and Syrians. now csllink themselves
 American participated. A letter from
 President Roosevelt expressed sym l pathy.
 | The program of reform announced by | the Young Turks includes the reorgani- zation of Turkish finances, which have | long been honeycombed with graft and l thievery: the introduction of the edu- I cational methods of Western nations. and universal military service. EvidencIng the wholesome respect | with which Abdul Hamid regarded the ascendancy of the new party. he an- l nouneed the surrender of nearly all | his crown lands, which could be made | to yield a revenue of 100000 annu- | ally to the national treasury. In the l face of the Blakan troubles the Young Turks acted with especial good tudg-
 ment. counseling peace. c-z PertugmIs Great Tragedy.
 The Lisbon tragedy of February 1. which resulted in the death of King Carlds I, and the Grown Prince. Lulz Fflippe, was the climax of . despotlc l rule which defed Parliament and peo- pie. The royal family and its fsvorites l together with the Premier and his friends had been accused of gross ex- | travagance and corruption. The na- Ia AAk haA 0ta rPf v heavy. Taxes kept increasing. And stili there was not enough revenue. Finally. the Knig. fearful of the power Of Jao Franco. who had won popular support by his light 1 for various reforms, besought Franco to save him and the country from ruin. But Franco used such drastic nea- cures that the spirit of revolution was only strength ened. He tried to rule without a Parliament. Royal decrees took the place of legislative statutes More and more dict&torial became until he finally announced that he had been clothed with unlimited power to check the republican movement.
 So bitter was the feeling against Franco that upon the assassination os I the King and Grown Prince he was | obliged to flee from the country. The dead Kings second son. a boy of nineteen, ascended to the throne as Manuel II. He chose Rear Admiral Ferreira do Amaral. monsrchist, Premier. and won popular regard by restoring constitptionai guarantees and settling free political prisoners. Since then Portugal has dropped back to it's accustomed place. out of the eye Of the world.
 similar political conditions In Ar. genuine were revealed just a month after the Portuguese assassination when bomb was thrown at Dr. Aicorta President of the republic. Be. cause the Congress had refused to vote the budget for the maintenance l the Legislature and ordered the ap- propriation without It's sanction.
 Persa.s struggle for liberty. which began In 1907. has been greatly eom- plicated by the intrigue of foreign Powers seeking agsrandizsmsnt there. Both Russia and Great Britian are after all they can get in Psrsis. En@s land having special interests In the southern part of the country. Russis or Parliament. the Shah changed his mind and sought to abolish it's powers With 6 strong force of Coasacks, sai1 to be paid from St. Petersburg. he tried to compel the Parliament to surrended certain members accused of conspiring against the throne Con- hict resulted, and as q sequel the Parliament house was destroyed and 1000 lives lost. Late in November che Shah announced that he had abolished the constitution, as the country was mt ready for self-Eovernment and such a condition was against the will of Allah. The old year, therefore, be- queaths to the new much trouble in this quarter of the globe.
 \ arisen in two great possessions Of the empire. Tn Geneva an organizati ton known as the "Young Egyptians" have begun a fight for the restoration of their country to It's native population. In India a revolutionary element has been throwing bombs and distributing seditious literature in the hope of ob.
 taining a government 'by Indians for | Indians" The situation became so | serious late in November that Earl l Minto. the Viceroy, found it necessary | to cut short his vacation and hurry back Calcutta in an effort to quiet ! the unrest, which had been unappeesed | by King Edwards decree, issued earIy
 In the month, granting greater po- litical rights to the native population. | In the British Parliament, John Red. ! monds resolution for home rule In Ireland was passed, after being a. mended. subject to the supreme
 authority of the imperial Parlia- ! ment.
 With the appointment on April g of | the Right Honorable Herbert Henry
 AsQuith as Premier of England the LAb- erals have steadily regained their for mer strength. Mir. ASQuith appointed A cabinet made up for the most part of | his predecessors associates. The siw.
 nificant changes were the promotion of Mir. Lloyd George to Chancellor of the 1 ExcheQuer; the shifting of Lord Tweedmouth to the Lord Presidency of
 the Council: the resignation of Lord EIgin. and the addition of winston Churchill and Walter Runciman. Mir. Asquith added greatly to his popularity when he announced on November 12
 that England stood for a two power | navy. Some of the things that the As- quith Ministry have done are the pas- | sage of the Public Licensing bill, re-
 ducing the number of drinking places In England. and the pensioning of the
 aged. the sum of $1,5o0.0 being appro-
 priated for this purpose.
 The woman suffragist movement was
 especially active in England. the suf- l fragettes attracting worldwide atten-
 ton because of their repeated attacks | upon the House of Commons in their
 demand for Parliamentary suffrage. On July 13 q monster demonstration was
 held Five thousand policemen were needed to guard the House of Pariia- nent against the besieginR mob Of suf- fragettss, headed by Mrs. Pankhurst. l The outburst had been occasioned by
 the statement of Premier Asquith that