davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The ranch. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1902-1914, 1909-11-15
HORTICULTURE

The readers of the Ranch know that
1 have been trying to impress upon
their minds the Importance of restor-
ing the fertility of the soil in their
orchards by the growing of legumes.
Many of our readers are much inter
ested in this movement. AS | have
frequently stated, much of this work
with us is in the experimental stage.
The government through Prof. g. v.
Piper. the Agrostoligist of the Depart
ment of Agriculture, has been aiding
us by furnishing seeds of various kinds
of legumes. Some time since [ made
a report to Prof. Piper showing what
we had done. L am much pleased to
publish the following very interesting
letter from Prof. Piper as it throws
much light on this very interesting
question of the growing of legumes in
our orchards.
Mr.. F. Walden,
Seattle, Wash.
Dear Mr.. Walden
I am Just back in the office and
find your letter of August 25th, to-
gether with extract from The Ranch
giving your results thus far with the
green manure crops; for all of which
l am greatly obliged. [ had seen
your article before, and was much in
terested in it. do not know that we
have any other legumes that [ can
send you that are likely to be as good
as those arleady sent, but when any
thing promising turns up l shall be
glad to send it to you.
l am inclined to think that your
conclusion that alfalfa is the best
green manure crop in your orchard is
likely to prove to be true. | was
much struck with the way it was
growing throughout the orchard when
I last visited you. | was recently in
Florida, and had the pleasure of eX
aiming two orange orchards side by
side in one of which the ground was
kept clean killed, in the other the
owner did nothing but NOV the grass
and weeds at frequent intervals,
allowing the mulch to lie on the
ground. Artificial fertilizer was ap-
piled to both groves in approximately
The ranch. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1902-1914, 1909-11-15
The
Root Growth
Won Him

We had some Wine Sap trees on
exhibition at the Spokane Apple
Show last December. They were
good trees with good roots = the
kind of roots which the practical
planter looks for, but doesn't always
find.
These trees attracted attention
and lots of it. 1t was a good place
to have trees, provided you could
deliver plenty more like the sam
plies, not only one year, but another.
Recently our agent booked some
heavy orders from parties in north
ern Stevens county. They reserved
the right to personally inspect the
stock, which was cheerfully con-
sented to, in fact we asked them to
send a representative. He came,
spent two days with us, saw the
trees in the field, being dug, in the
packing house, wandered around
at his own sweet will, watched our
packers, saw our methods, and
wound up by expressing himself as
more than satisfied with what he
saw, and then told us that what
brought him and his associates to
us was our Spokane exhibit.
1t wasn't the price. They paid
us more.
The ranch. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1902-1914, 1909-11-15

the same amount. In the grove treat
ed by the mulch system the trees were
at least so per cent better than the
adjoining trees treated by clean Gull
ture. Of course, | am aware that
there is yet much to be learned re-
garding the value of clean culture as
compared with the mulch system, but
am inclined to believe that where there
is plenty of water available that the
much system, especially where you can
grow a Iegume, is in the end going to
give the best results. 1t would be an
extremely interesting thing if it we're
possible to try this out on your place !;
having alfalfa in one orchard and
simply moving it for mulch, and
clean cultivating an adjoining block.
Ny guess would be that the mulched
portion would under your conditions
be better than the cultivated portion.
[ am sorry to have missed you when
I was in Seattle, but the next time |
am out that way L will see that this
does not happen.
Yours very truly,
A. V. PIPER A grostologist.
Prof. Piper, as our readers know, is
the very highest authority on the
growing of legumes and the use of
mulch. He travels all over the United
States in studying these things. | am
glad to have his suggestions and his
approval. His suggestion that we try
this out on our place is good one and
we shall heed it. am pleased to say
that we have in measure tried out
clean culture and the use of legumes.
We have not formally set apart an or
chard for clean culture and another
for legumes and mulch. Our tests,
however, have come upon us without
an effort on our part and to some ex-
tent against our efforts to prevent
such a thing. Our orchards are sur
rounded by alfalfa fields. The
wind will blow the seeds to some ex-
tent and as most of the laterals have
alfalfa growing along their sides, the
seeds are carried by the water. On
account of this tendency of alfalfa to
encroach on our orchards we fought
against it for time. We would send
hands through our orchards to grub
out every alfalfa, but in spite OF the
opposition on our part the alfalfa es-
tablished itself in some parts of our
The ranch. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1902-1914, 1909-11-15

erals. In the course OF my studies
in the benefits of legumes l began to
realize that alfalfa was not to be fear
ed If it did encroach on our orchards,
so we gave up the fight. The result
is that we have spots in our orchards
where the alfalfa holds sway. Where
this state of things exist our trees are
more vigorous and the fruit finer,
larger and better colored than where
we practice clean culture. 1 was on
my fruit ranch last week and am de-
lighted to report that where the
ground is completely covered with al
falfa, we were picking the finest fruit
| ever saw on our ranch. We have
shouldered our grubbing hoes and our
shovels and have retired from the
battle with alfalfa. My experience
with alfalfa in our orchards is such
that was ready fully to endorse the
statement Of DR.. Blalock that alfalfa
is far better in an orchard after it is
we'll established than clean culture.
1t must not De overlooked that this
growing of alfalfa in our orchards, or
any other kind of legumes, or even
weeds, can not be done unless there
is plenty of water. From this it can
be seen that the best results from
growing alfalfa in our orchards will
be possible only where we irrigate and
have a. good and constant supply of
water. Every living plant on our soils
must use up a certain amount of
water. Statistics show that for every
ton of dry matter produced an average
OF 1875 tons of water must be used.
Let me give an extract from the val
liable book entitled "The Soil' by
Prof. F. H. King: "Hellriegel found,
through experiments conducted in
Prussia, that the amount of water
withdrawn from the soil and given to
the air, almost wholly through the
plant, were as follows: Barley used
80 pounds of water for each pound of
dry matter produced, summer rye 1853
pounds, oats 376 pounds, summer
wheat 1873 pounds, horse beans 282
pounds, peas 273 pounds, red clover
80 pounds and buckwheat 1863 pounds
of water for one pound of dry matter
produced. This is at the mean rate
OF 1926 tons Of water for each ton Of
dry matter produced. Page 1856.
1t must be remembered that the min
eral salts in the soil must be dissolv-
ed by water before they can enter the
plants though the root hairs and the
newer part of the roots and then
must be carried by water into the
leaves where these salts combine with
the carbon coming from the air
through the openings in the leaves
and then most of this water passes out
through these openings in the leaves
into the air by evaporation. This
gives us an idea of the function of
water in plant life and gives an idea
of the enormous amount of water
needed in all plant growth. We must
not, therefore, overload our soils with
vegetable growth unless we have an
abundant supply by rainfall or by ir-
rigation.
The ranch. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1902-1914, 1909-11-15

(All inquiries for information from this
Department should be addressed to
21O Twelfth Ave. n, Seattle.)
The ranch. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1902-1914, 1909-11-15
muMoRIAL STONES.

MEMOR1AL STONES.
or imported marble may be secured 1T
New Westminster. You can secure no
better results anywhere at such prices.
Cemetery work q specially.
JAMES MCKAY,
Importer and Manufacturer OF Marble
and Granite Monuments,
NEW WESTMINSTER, =. O.
The ranch. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1902-1914, 1909-11-15
2k5SZ >>9&&@NT6e Keneh>NS@eC"yS @&

wANTED-1o0 British Columbia farm
ers to visit our factory at New West
SASHHS, WINDOWS and PORCH Pill
LARS we make. Do this next Market
Day without fail. Walsh Sash 4 Door
Factory, New Westminster. B. c.
New-York tribune., 1909-12-20
SANTA CLAUS ASKS FOR GIFTS.
Unique Way to Help Old Gentleman
Fill Poor Chiidren's s Stockings.

BROOKLYN training school teacher al
tracted by a picture showing an empty
handed Santa Claus standing in an apollo
Setic attitude before two little children
started movement two weeks ago 10 MI
one thousand stockings that otherwise
would be shaken in vain on Christmas
morning This was two weeks ago. and
to-day the original number has been dou-
bled. The idea has been received with so
much enthusiasm by every one TO whose no.
tice II has been brought that a public ap-
peat has been decided upon.
Stockings to be filed may be obtained
from Mrs J. Sherman Wight. Of No. 30
Schermerhorn street. Brooklyn. Bachelors
and others who haven't any IDEA OF what
constitutes appropriate filing for a child's
stocking on Christmas morning NAV send
II 20 10 Miss COrinne Lee Scott OF No ISa
Montague street. Brooklyn. This sum will
buy complete set OF underwear. a sweater
or knitted petticOat. necktie or girls orna-
ment. jaCkknife OF a doll a pencil and
copy paper. toy. a bag OF candy. a bag OF
nuts and five bright pennies.
The stockings. which are three feet long
and have capacity OF half Oushel. are
being made by a number Of society women
from n pattern whose source they refuse TO
divulge
New-York tribune., 1909-12-20

in England and Scotland, except in a
few places, is not large enough ma
terially to affect the result. To what
extent British voters will be alienated
from the Liberal party through fear of
Home Rule is problematic and will
largely depend upon the popular inter
probation of Mr.. Asquith's words If
these should be regarded. as doubtless
the Cnionists will try TO make them ap-
pear, as promise of Home Rule in
Gladstone's and Parnelrs meaning of
the term. many voters might be alien
ated. But if they are taken in what ap-
pears 10 he their natural meaning. as
we have cited them, they really seem
TO supply no reason for opposing the
Liberal candidates. As we have under
stood it, all the Unionists have asked
is that there shall be no separation OF
Ireland from the United Kingdom and
that the authority of the Parliament at
Westminster shall he fully maintained
over Ireland as well as over England,
Scotland and Wales; and If two and
two make four that certainly is the gist
of Mr. Asquith's statement of policy on
the subject
New-York tribune., 1909-12-20
THE NOME RtLE PoLiCY.

The attitude Of the Irish NationaHSts
in the present campaign in the United
Kingdom has been made perfectly plain
hy Mr. Redmond and his Heutenants.
The quasi-alliance with the Liberals is
10 be maintained and the support of the
party is 10 be given to the Liberal side.
That means that in Great Britain the
IRISH vote viii he east for the Liberal
candidates. or for Labor candidates in
places where the Liberals have been
withdrawn in their favor. and i'm all
cases against the Unionists. while in Ire
land there will he no Liberals run
against the Nationalists.
That .;aiicy on the part of the Nation
alists is quite logical. 1t is true that
NJ Healy has pointed out the fact that
the Liberals have not given and do nor
seem likely 10 give Ireland Home Rule.
Indeed, Mr.. Asquith has in the present
campaign specifically declared that the
supreme and indefeasible authority of
the Imperial Parliament over Ireland
is 20 be safeguarded, and that there
cannot be any question Of separation or
OF. rival or competing supremacies. But
lIeI LIle lIlSh KNOW tndi lDcre IS Ger
fainly nothing in the direction Of Home
Rule 10 he obtained from the Unionists.
and probably not as much local self-gov-
ernment as the Liberals Will give. So.
on the principle Of taking a half loaf
where whole one cannot be got. il is
better for them 10 support the Liberals
And i a more extreme view be taken.
ana actual Home Rule in the fullest
sense be demanded. il viii be recalled
that on one notable occasion it WAS the
House OF Lords which alone stood in
Tire way Of that being granted. What
more natural thsn. than that the Irish
should heartily join in n campaign
which is specifically directed against
that house, II not 10 abolish IL at least
10 limit further lis powers Of interfering
with the legislation Of the Commons?
This declaration Of irish policy Is
chiefly important, however as an iudi-
cation of the course of the IRISH MEM
bers in the new house. 1t probably does
not matter what either of the English
parties may do in Ireland. The Nation
alists viii carry their usual array of
seats. On the other hand. the Irish vote
New-York tribune., 1909-12-20
CIVIC STATUS OF sVRIANs.

To the Editor Of The Tribune
Sir; I have been attracted by The -
cent decision Of one OF the United states
Circuit courts that Syrians are MourO-
hans and as such are not entitled 10 cfti-
zenship here In behalf OF the several
hundred thousands OF Syrians living
peacefully in these United States permit
me few words.
The Syrian is OF the same family az
Christ the SaviOur-namelv. the Semitic
family Christ taught his apostles ami
the people OF Palestine in Arabic. the
Syrian tongue. His last words on ths
cross We're in Syriac- A Syrian woman.
Rebekah. was mother OF Esau and Jacob
The Syrians spoke Syriac. also called Ara
maic. Aramaic was the language OF all
Palestine when Christ taught The Syriac
or Aramaic tongue was midway between
the pure Hebrew and the modern Arabic
the latter the language OF Syria to-day.
Syrians are OF distinct Semitic cast %
features. II they diverge any. II IS rather
toward the Arabic east or the Egyptian
than the Turkish They certainly have
not one trait Of the 8IongOIian as 70 color.
physiognOmy. stature cast. habit or ethics.
Syrians are InOnOga amisrs-anothsr dis
tinctiOn against any analogy between
them and the MOngols. There are row
in Syria. besides the dominant Moslsns
with whom as a rule they do not assini-
late-iutermarriages being rare. indeed
Orthodox Greeks. United Greeks. Uni,sd
Syrians and Marronites.
Upon the fall OF the Roman Empirs
Syria fell into the hands Of and became
part OF the Byzantine Empire. with which
It remained until 1859. when the Mongols
gave il its severest blow when they capt
ured II. They held II 25s years. more or
less. bur IL IS the most arrant nonsense 70
assume that this occupancy made Mon
gOlians of the Syrians
The Ottoman Turks have held u since
1915. I think il is admitted that their
influence is slight
Are Syrians NIongolians7 II Filipinox
are CauCasians. yes G. A KALI
New York Dec. Is. 1909
New-York tribune., 1909-12-20
n9LsencrfS.

ACADEMY OF MUSIC-s:I5-St. Elmo
AIHAMRRA-a- a-s-Naudeville
aSTpR-S .15-Saven DAYS
PEL.ASCo-S .15-Is Matrimony FailuTeE
RIIOT-S .15-The Lottery Man
RRoADW Ay-s 1.-THE Midnight sons
CkSTN0-S .1--The Chocolate Soldier.
CONEDT-S- -lg-The Melting Pot.
CRTFER S-15-Isrsel-
DkI.TTS-s .15-The Belle of brittany
EDEN MUST1E- The World - Wax
FIFTH hKENT- E -2-S-NaudeVille.
CsIETY-S- 1.-THE Fortune Hunter
CARDEN-s .2o-His Name on the Door
GARRICK-S -15-The Harv-~r nionn.
HACKETT-S -E5-Caneo Kirby
HkMNFRETEIN- So -15--s -i-'--N sudeTine-
HERALD SQUARE, .l5-Old Dutch
E1PPODROME-2-S "Trip to Japan; In
SIDE the Earth. the Ballet Of Jewels
IRVING PLACE-S:I5-Dcr Zigeunerharon.
ENICKER5OCkER-S- Dollar Princess.
TIpFRTY-S f5-Spri1gfiue-
I,yCET- -N-3 So lcctra--s 20 Penelope
NANHATTAN OPERA HOUSE - - Le
JonFivur de Notre DaT1e
MAXINE ELI.IOTTS THEATRE-s-So-Ihe he
Passing of the Third Floor Back
NEW ANSTERD Ans 1.-The Silver star
NFW TFsEATTSE-s -3o-Strtfe.
NEW YORK-s-15-The Man Who Owns
Rroadway-
SAVOY-S Helena Richie.
ST--YN-FSA N'-S 1.-THE Lily.
WAILACK'S- K'S-S-15-The Fourth Estate.
wFBER'S-s .15-The Goddess Of Liberty
WEST Ends .1S-The Wolf
New-York tribune., 1909-12-20
FAITH N THE AEROPLANE.

\ letter from The Tribune's Paris cor
respondent, printed on Sunday. gave an
interesting summary Of the opinions re-
gardng military airships which are held
by the French Minister of War. General
Brun is convinced that the dirigible bal
loon has little practical value, being too
vulnerable If subjected 10 the fire of a
3inch gun for ten minutes he believes
it would become a hopeless wreck. Ac-
cordmgly he has ordered for the French
army number Of aerOplancs. believing
that the heavier-thau-air machine can
not easily he disabled while in flight.
To the task of adapting aerial vehicles
10 service in war much longer study has
been given i'll France than in any other
country. and the opinions 10 which ex-
periments have led deserve peculiar re.
Spect. Moreover, the type Of airship
which just now enjoys such popularity
in Germany originated i'm France. and
the rejection of il in that country is sig
niticant- That the Kaiser's military ad-
vsers, the majority of whom are keen
and progressive. should not vet have
acknowledged the defects Of Count Zen
pelin's colossal machines appears strange.
The facility with which a dirigible bal
loon can be destroyed is only one of
these faults. 1t is slower than the aero
plane and costs much more General
Bruins utterances cannot fail to attract
the attention Of military men in both
Europe and America.
New-York tribune., 1909-12-20

deed, before il begins, what will be his
attitude toward Murphy and the other
patronage brokers So long as anything
remains equivocal in his position he can
not have the hearty support of the best
public sentiment in the city.
Friendly relations with Tammany will
he as embarrassing throughout his ad-
ministration as they have been for the
last few days when he has been revealed
as inviting 10 his most hospitable
home" a man whose correspondents kept
him informed on the subject of selling
out the public interest to corporations
trading I'm building materials. The equi-
vocal position in which he placed himself
hurt Mr. Gaynor all through the cam
paign. must have humiliated him all last
week and will continue to damage him
as long as he permits it TO he maintained
New-York tribune., 1909-12-20
THE NEWS THIS MORNING

FOREIGN.-Jose 1Iadriz reached Mana
qua and was welcomed by great crowds;
he announced that he would accept the
Presidency and that he hoped 10 win the
support Of Estrada and the insurgent
army - Belgian Socialists have is
sued a proclamation demanding a re-
public: Princess Louise has begun
legal battle for a large share Of King
LeopOld's estate = A dispatch from
Copenhagen said that The Danes gen
orally believed that the University OF
Copenhagen would decline to accept Dr.
Cooks records: advices from Naples said
that re had probably sailed on the Car
mania == Eastbound Atlantic liners
reported heavy weather on the Atlantic,
which delayed their arrival at British
ports -= Cardinal SatolIis condition
changed for the worse, ana grave fears
for his recovery are entertained -
The Temps" pays a high tribute 10 the
political ana moral creed Of Theodore
Roosevelt == DR.. Grenfen the Labra-
dor missionary. predicted large exports
II reindeer meat and grain from that
cgion in a few years.
DOMESTIC President Taft. accom-
panied by his son Charles. returned 10
Washington from WatertOWn. Conn.
where he had attended the funeral Of
his sister-in-law. Mrs. Horace d. Taft
= The consJitutionaIity Of the barge
a
Court Justice r'OOte. II WAS announced a
Aibanv == Il was said al Albany that
local option bill for cities would be
introduced in the Legislature at its ,om-
ing session == The Pennsylvania Rail
road ordered from the Westinghouse
Company. Of Pittsburg. fifty giant electric
locomotives Tor use al lis terminal IN
this city == Thomas Valentine Cooper
Wei known Pennsylvania politician,
WAS burned 10 death At his home in
Media. lighted cigar having ignited his
bath robe == Mrs. Robert Bacon. II
was learned al Boston. has given the
Harvard varsity crew another English
shell
CTTY-Collector Loeb approved the
claim Of Richard Parr former special
Treasury agent, for the sugar fraud
prize money. which may amount 10
81 nG6. 0HA =- Charles F Murphy 81 Id
that one Of the letters alleged 10 have
been found in his room and purporting
10 have been written by J. Sergeant
Cram was a forgery == A gift Of the
Bolles collection OF furniture from Mrs.
Sage 10 the Metropolitan Museum Of
Art was announced. -= Women social
lists after an earnest debate. refused 10
Join forces with the suffragettos -=
a new high record for gifts 10 Columbia
University has been reached IN a total
of over 81 600 000 in seven months
The mate OF a Booth lmer told Of an ex-
citing 4.200-mile trip up the Amazon
River. -= New legal machinery was
organized To help girl pickets in the
shlTtWalSt strike when arrested -= A
wholesale liquor dealer Of New Jersey
WAS instantly killed when his automobile
sweryed from the road anc ran into a
tree. == An edition Of the Bible is be
ing prepared in language in which il
has never before been printed.
THE Indications for to-
oaN- Fair The temperature Yesterday.
Highest 30 degrees. lowest. y.
New-York tribune., 1909-12-20
"sRITIsHER" UNDER FIRE

To the Editor OF The Tribune
CIR; One would like 70 know what typ- N
man ''Britisher'' is before deciding whatha-
II is worth while replying 10 him. His tarx
about the money from ser-ant girls and
the usual stale slandsrs on Irishmen that
have done service for a generation wouls
have a commercial value IN England. b,.
in America serve only 20 throw an y1uT,las<
ant light on English methods OF conr-o-
veTsy.
left England. and am myself becomtrr
an American citizen. simply because 7 coult
not stand the recurring campaign of cal
umny against the old land '-Bririsher~
can rely on IL that white Americans. nor,
than half Of whom have Irish blood in th.f-
veins. will take care that his type and his
methods will rot become TOO prevalent IN
this glorious land.
BENEDICT FARRELL
New York. Dec. a 1903