davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1908-1909, 1909-03-18
SEEDS FOR SUMMER GARDENS.

Children attending the various public
schools of East Orange are again send
ing TO Cleveland, O., for seeds to start
work in their summer gardens. The
scheme of having the school authorities
send for the seeds originated several
wears ago and has worked very salts
iactorily.
The star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1908-1909, 1909-03-18
Upton DOESN'T LIKE
TARIFF ON HIS TEA.

NEW YORK, March 1S.-Sir Thomas
Llptons representative in New York,
W. a. w. Melville, is considerably ex-
erclsed over the recommendations in
the tariff bill as submitted to Congress
yesterday, placing a tax of eight cents
q pound on tea imports from producing
countries and nine cents on imports
from non-produeing countries. Tea has
become a necessity. Mr.. Melville said,
and has ceased to be IL llXury.
The star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1908-1909, 1909-03-18
CHICAGO GRAIN MARKET.

CHICAGO. March B.-Shorts Were mod
active bidders for wheat at the
opening of the market today. May opened
to "A higher at 1l6l, sold at 1861,
and then declined to 115A. July opened at
104i4 to 1041a. and after touching 1041s@Ss,
dropped pack to lG3A.
MAY corn opened 4 to a. higher at 661s
to $685.. and sold off TO $50.
May oats opened a shade to hsQi4 higher
at 54aIs 10 541sdd4 and sold off to 533.
Provisions opened 22 higher TO fl2QlO
The star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1908-1909, 1909-03-18
THE COTTON MARKET.

MEM XOaS, March is.-The cotton mar
Ike; opened hJla ely Steady. at q decline Of
4 Il c points and quickly sold off 10 a net
Of 8 70 II points under general liquida-
tiun and local hear pressure. Stop-loss
Orders were caught on the decline, and,
while there was enough demand to check the
and 9.10 for October. the market remained
very nervous and unsettled during the
middle ~ the morning. New Orleans was
weak. and sold here. while the decline was
The star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1908-1909, 1909-03-18
NEW HUDSON BANK BUILDING.

JERSEY CITY, March 1s.-The
Union Trust Company directors have
practically decided to erect a building
100 by % feet, about six stories high.
Tho cost of The building will be decided
by the building committee tomorrow.
The star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1908-1909, 1909-03-18
NEW YORK STOCK EXCHANGE.

Following are the quotations Of the
days prices, as furnished through
Byrne & Mcdonnell. members of the
New York Stock Exchange:
The star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1908-1909, 1909-03-18
Jewelry Exchange.

tP.To-pATE JEwELRY sold at lowest prices
Old gold, silver and stones bought for cash.
l2s Market st. Room 206.
The star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1908-1909, 1909-03-18
NEW YORK PRODUCE EXCHANGE.

Furnished by Byrne & Mcdonnell, stock
brokers. ne Broad street Telephone 615
YesterdaY's
The star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1908-1909, 1909-03-18

THE ELECTRIC MOTOR AND EoUIPMEN
COMPANY.
9S9 MARKET ST. NEAR MULBERRY ST.
The star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1908-1909, 1909-03-18

also encouraged by lower cables and talk
Of easier spot markets.
The market was less active late in the
forenoon. with prices 2 or 3 points up
from the lowest on covering.
Quotations furnished by Van Setback. q
The star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1908-1909, 1909-03-18

COMMERCE. HOTEL. IS inns ST.; rooms
Zoe, Zoe. Sbc per night; for gentlemen only;
free baths and latest improvements.
The star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1908-1909, 1909-03-18

MOVING VANS. at HoBsoN's 1875 Washing
ton at
The star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1908-1909, 1909-03-18
SUBURBAN MERCHANTS,
TRADESMEN, ETC.
HARRISON.
Baker,

bakery.
ABERNETHY English Muf1ns.
Scotch Shortbread.
fAS. II. JONES. 597 N. Fourth street.
The star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1908-1909, 1909-03-18
RAILROAD EARNINGS.

second week March
ST. Louis Southwestern. Sl96,026, Increase
1889: from July !. s7,Se4,55l increase
t4ss. s3S-
The star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1908-1909, 1909-03-18

YOU WANT WHAT YOU WANT WHEN YOU
WANT 1T. BIRRELL-BROwE CO. Printers
and Staticners. 1914 Broad ST.. star" Building.
The star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1908-1909, 1909-03-18
Paraaet Floors.
Hardwood Floors,
Printers md stationcrS

parduetryi old floors refaished. VIM. /
JAMOUNEAU. 10 Branferd pl. Tel. 2207.
The star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1908-1909, 1909-03-18
FAT THE MOUTH
OF THE TUNNELS.
Automobile suppIIe,

THE ELECTRIC MOTOR AND EQUIPMENT
COMPANY,
2S2 MARKET ST. NEAR MULBERRY ST.
The star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1908-1909, 1909-03-18
Baby Carriages.

BABY CARRIAGES REPAIRED, VARNIsHEr
Opholstering tires put on wheels; cane fc
enalrs' wheels for ice wagons; best work
lowest prices.
NEWARK Go-CART MANUFG CO..
l9s Washington street.
The star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1908-1909, 1909-03-18
KEARNY.

Goal. wood and lee.
WIN. I. HOWE. ia Johnston av.. Kearny.
n j.. dealer In coal. wood and ice.
The star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1908-1909, 1909-03-18

WInHOW ShaNeN
ENTERPRISE WINDOW HAD CO, IS Mar
ket st. The only reliable makers of window
shades; estimates cheerfully given. L. D..
Tel. 292s-R.
The star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1908-1909, 1909-03-18
CALDWELL.

Automobiles
No tires to keep. no hill too steep; the Ander-
son; $3.50; 12-horsepowcr: agents wanted. #.
T.. HELLER Caldwell. N. j.
The star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1908-1909, 1909-03-18
CHICAGO BOARD OF TRADE.

Furnished by Byrne & Mcdonnell. stot
brokers, us Broad street. Telephone SIS.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1909-12-02
WHEN HER BACK ACHES
A Woman Finds That All Her Energy
and Ambition Slipping Away

Langdon women know how the aches
and pains that come when the kidneys
fail make life a burden. B%ackache, hip
pains, headaches, dizzy spells, distress
ing urinary troubles. all tell of sick kid
neys and warn you of the stealthy APP
proach of diabetes, dropsy, and Brieht's
disease. Doan's Kidney Pills perma
nently cure all these disorders.
Can Langdon sufferers desire strong
err proof than this woman's words:
Mrs. e. &. Altman. nine miles north
east of Park River, N. Oak, says: l sui
ferred severely from kidney trouble dur
ing the past two or three years and
Doan's Kidney Pills was the first RENE
dy that gave me any satisfactory relief
There was a constant dull ache in the
small of my back, which at times extend.
ed into my shoulders. | was also troub.
led by chills and dizzy spells. [ finally
learned of Doan's Kidney Pills and de
Gliding to give them a trial, procured g
box. They benefited me from the first
and l continued taking the remedy IN
til | had received a complete cure.
For sale by all dealers. Price so cents
Foster Milburn Co., Buffalo, New York
sole agents for the United States.
Remember the name-Doan's-anC
take no other.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1909-12-02
War and Business.

It is the aim of MI. CHM, the Bos-
ton publisher at the head of the new
peace propaganda. to unite the bust
ness men of the world for the sup
preston of a This may or may
not be another wild peace dream. War
Upsets business, and except for Il ma
zion or a commercial interest which
happens to be favorably situated the
result is long standing business de-
preston. There seems to be no other
element of society backed by means
and having a common interest so we'll
adapted for the task of peaccmaking
as the business men of the world. 1t
is primarily an appeal u the pocket.
an appeal which strikes home t.,.
world over.
While the movement proposed by
Eir. CHM is new. the idea behind it is
old. 1t is undisputed that tjnancicrs
have again and again decided whether
war should BE or should not be. They
controlled the purse. and controlled it
for the good of business. The new plan
is not to use the holdup Oh nations
and rulers. rather to unite the bust
ness interests in the maintenance of
schools to arouse the convictions of
all classes as to the benefits of peace.
while it may put OIL Il moral front,
khe force behind the business mems
oeace association will be commercial
9sm, and when money talks things
generally go.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1909-12-02
NOTICE. OF MORTGAGE SALE

Notice is hereby given. that that certain
mortgage executed and delivered by Joseph q.
Hunter "a single mani mortgagor, to Henry j:
Wylie, DR., mortgage, dated the l4th, day of
December 1904, and filed for record in the office
CT the register of deeds of the County of Cava-
lier and state of North Dakota, on the 14th day
of December 1904. and recorded In book 55 of
mortgages, page617, will be foreclosed by a sale
of the premises in such mortgage and herein-
after described. at the front door of the court
house. in the City OF Langdon County of Cava.
lier and State of North Dakota, at the hour of
two O'Clock p. m, on the 18th day of January
1910. to satisfy the amount due upon such
mortgage on the day of sale.
The premises described in such mortgage and
which will be sold to satisfy the same are
described as follows: The North East Quarter
IN EA) of section twenty-seven (Sec. u, in
township one hundred fifty nine (Twp. 1897
north of range sixty three (Rge63l west, CON
tanning one hundred sixty acres, more or less
according to the United States Government
survey thereof.
There will be duo on such mortgage at the
date of sale. the sum of S1204 16. besides
statutory attorney fees and other costs allowed
by law.
Dated November 18th, 1909.
HENRY j. WYLIE, Jr.,
w. b. DICKSON, Mortgage.
Attorney for Mortgage.
Langdon, N. Oak,
First publication Dec. End, 1909. 1924
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1909-12-02

In an era of international buying
and selling it is fair to look for sym
pathetic prosperity and depression the
world over. The industry and COM
merce of the nations are in~terdepend-
ent. Trade reports from nearly every
civilized country herald a revival of
business just as Il year ago all beto.
kened depression. Germany. Great
Britain and Canada enjoyed for the
first half of the year a marked in
crease over the trade of the CORE
spending period in 1908.
Here at home the revival has been
demonstrated by increased railroad
earnings. dividends and outlay for i'm
provements. Activities in the steel
trade show that the limit of develop
ment in this rich field has not been
reached, and our securities are over
subscribed many times when offered in
foreign markets. An index of the fat
ness of the national stocking. by 10
means tritling, vas the record impor-
tation of diamonds in September. The
product of the soil has been greater
and it has been less, but there is &C.
tive demand for the yield at good
prices.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1909-12-02
theatrical Attractions

The management OF the Langdon
opera house the following
attractions for the holiday season.
The Lone Star of Texas Dec. Sth
The Ainsworth Orchestra Dec. 9th.
The Pull CO., Dec. 18th and 18th
The Harrison Players Dec 18th.
The Crows Co, Dec. 25th and 9th.
"Lone Star of Texas il a western play
with the true ring. A genuine portray
al of western life. The Alusworth
Orchestra is we'll known here, having
played here a number of times. They
will play for the regular motion picture
program, giving their usual concert
numbers and a public dance after the
shows. Pulls are to give two nights of
h%ypnotism and magic, presenting a very
interesting and instructive program.
The Harrison Players are to give a
splendid attraction on Dec. 18th, and
The Crows will play on Christmas
evening and the following Monday
night. They are we'll and favorably
known here from previous visits.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1909-12-02
Notice of Sale at Public Auction of
School and State Lands.

The following described school and state
lands Situated in Cavalier county and State of
North Dakota, will be offered for sale at pablo
auction to the highest bidder at the court
house in the City of Langdon in said county,
being the county seat thereof, which sale will
be conducted according to law, between the
on Wednesday, the 18th day of January, A. D.,
1910, and will be continued, from day to day I'M
till all lands herein.described have been sold OR
offered for sale.
All such lands will be offered for sale in tracts
as hereinafter designated and will not be fur
ther sub-divided at the time of sale, and a con-
tract fee must be paid for each contract sold as
herein described
The terms of sale are as follows: Each
tracts will be offered at its appraised value per
acre and no tract will be sold for less than it's
be accepted of no. less than IS cents advance
per acre on each bid and each tract will be
struck off to the highest bidder, who will be
required to pay at once to the county treasurer
Of said county in cash. check or draft accept
able to such treasurer, the full amount of
One-Fifth of the total purchase price of the
land so sold, and in addition thereto the pur-
chaser will be required to pay at the same
time the legal contract fee of S.. OK for each
tract purchased. The purchaser will receive
a receipt from the county treasurer at time of
payment will be required until the contracts
have been prepared by the state and ready for
delivery to the purchaser. When the contracts
have been prepared they will be sent to the
county auditor of said county and each pur-
chaser will be duly notified thereof, together
witt a statement of the advance interest due
thereon from the date of sale to January LIST.
1911, and upon payment by the purchaser of
such interest and upon execution of the cou-
tracts i'll duplicate, the duplicate contract will
be therenpon delivered to the purchaser.
The balance of the purchase price duo tho
state on each contract will be divided into
four equal installment due respectively on
January lst of the years 1915, 1920, 1928 and 1890.
1890, All such deferred payments of prin-
cipal bearing interest at the rate of
six per cent per annum payable on
January lst each year in advance to the
county TREASURER Of said county, and d
stalimsnt Of principal or interest within
due the contract will be subject to cancellation
by the Beard of University and School Lands
according to law. All lands so sold will be
entered for taxation Immediately after the sale
and will be entered upon the assessment rolls
for the year 1910.
The Board of the University and School
Lands reserves the right to reject any or all
bids made at such sale and refund to the bid.
der the money paid at the sale.
The following is a list of lands to be offered
fpr sale.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1909-12-02
NOTICE OF PRIVATE SALE.

State of North Dakota, County of Cavalier-ss
In County Court Before Hon. H. E.. Doryal.
Judge.
In the Matter of the Estate of John G. Young.
deceased.
klenora Young, Petitioner.
George. R. Young. Della Searles formerly
Della fonng), Lille Young, Maud Young and
William Young, the last named being a Minor
and James o.. Dickson his special guardian,
Respondents.
Under the authority of an order granted by
the County Court of Cav alier County, State of
North Dakota, dated November 18th, 1909, L,
E!enora Young, Administrators of said estate.
Will sell at private sale the following described
property. to-wit: The North West Quarter of
Section Ihirty-three 1897, Township One Humid
red sixty tl6W' Range Sixty-four (64), situated
and being in the County of Cavalier and State
OF North Dakota, and containing 100 acTos ac-
cording to the U. S. Government Survey there
of. ~
The sale will be made on or after the 9th of
December. 1909. and bids will be received at the
office of w. b. Dickson, in the I ity of Langdon
Cavalier County, North Dakota.
Tie terms of the sale: Cash on confirmation
OF sale by the Court.
Dated November 22nd, 1909.
ELENORA YOUNG,
Administrative of the Estate of John G..
Young, deceased.
w. B. DICKSON,
Attorney for Administrative,
Langdon, N. Oak. 1921
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1909-12-02

The DEMOCRAT has a great reverence
for the clergy and since last Sunday,
when no less then ten Methodist
Episcopal divines held the fort at the
new church with Bishop Mcintyre lead
ing on as the mighty host advanced, has
a renewed interest awakened in the
parable we all can recall from boyhood's
days about the baskets full taken up
when all had partaken and arose from
that feast-of loaveseand fishes.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1909-12-02
+''' go! School
HIGH SCHOOL NuTE

The teachers and students have re
turned to hard work again after the If
pleasant Thanksgiving vacation.
This week the chemistry class have
to study chlorine and hydro
chloric acid.
The drawing class are taking up tn o
subject OF %perspection.
Oud day last week the Ancient History
class elected leaders for the debate
which they are to have soon. The lead
ers we're chosen by the vote of the class
They are to be: Affirmative, Josep b
Carigan and Nina Ferguson, negative
Richard Boyd and Morris Winter. The
subject decided upon is, "Resolved that
Pericles is a greater mar than Alexander
the Great.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1909-12-02

The only county exchanges that up to
date have failed to express an editorial
opinion OF Gov. Burke's U. S. senator
ship appointment are the ssiOsnabrock
Independent, Sarles, Advocate, and
Nekoma News. The incident can hardly
be properly closed until these moulders
of public opinion have been heard from.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1909-12-02

Norway grants water power sites to
private parties. but with a string tied
to the privilege. The site and all
values involved in its operation revert
to the state.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1909-12-02

Attorney General Miller, whoi..is re-
lated as doing a Rooseveltianss.stunt at
Bismarck by hunting to their lair the
velvet clawed tigers of the state a,capit.l
and Burlelgh county graft grsbbers, has
mis- political lightning rod at Washington
insulated and hopes to connect with an
the primaries.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1909-12-02

For a mild easy action of the bowels
a single dose of Doan's Regulets is found
to be enough. Treatment cures habit
ual constipation. 25 cents a box. Ask
your druggist for them.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1909-12-02

That piano record of thirty-six hours
without stopping looks big in hours.
but is really only a day and a half.
Some neighbors of the practicing tiend
will swear that a two days run has
been scored hundreds of times.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1909-12-02

1t is very easy to shout that federal
and state laws against trusts must be
enforced. but there's a big bunch of
prosecuting attorneys asking to be
shown just how to enforce the same.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1909-12-02

The Italian monarch is said to be
trying to devise some scheme to keep
his subjects from emigrating to the
United States. Let us hope he sue
ceeds. so far at least as the Malta and
the Black Hand societies are con-
cerned.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1909-12-02

At the meeting of the board of county
3rd a sale of bonds to defray the cost of
making Roseau Lake Drain No l will be
offered for sale. Parties assessed and
Interested in the drain who have not
met their assessment as yet will become
a party to the bond sold.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1909-12-02

If the French pugilists coming here
are no gamer than French duelists the
American public will see many a royal
blufing match between them and the
Gative sports.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1909-12-02

II you stop to think about it there is a
good deal of truth in all this talk about
those speakers who get mileage and
salary travelling over the state advising
boys to stay on the farms and themselves
live IN the cities. Well, perhaps that's
what convinces them it is correct.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1909-12-02

1t seems that the country uplift sent
out among the farmers waxed so fat
there are not cars enough to haul it
back to town.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1909-12-02
Public Notice.

Parties found removing straw from
the straw pile on the VIM. Haverty
farm north of Langdon will be prosecut-
ed. WIN. HAvERTY.
Langdon, N. D., Nov. Both, 1909.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1909-12-02

Everything else being quiet we would
events show that Osnabrock ard Wales
are two towns along the line requiring
fire protection
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1909-12-02

AS a sporting event the
ment is noted that Park River lost its
game the other day with Minot. Wonder
if the Milton Globe caught this item.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1909-12-02

Notwithstanding the popularity of
automobiles. the trade in wagons and
carriages is reported to be larger than
ever before. The horse has not been
eliminated, though it is to be con-
fessed that he is often crowded to the
side of the road.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1909-12-02

1t is said that scarcity of farm la
Dor makes food prices high, so the
true way to get cheaper food is to
work for it.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1909-12-02

1t wsuld appear as not likely to be
very bard to convince the Milton Globe
that there's a woodchuck in this farmers
institute as an anti primary political
band wagon.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1909-12-02

Useless for the heads Of the German
and English navies to talk peace un-
less the magazine fighters sign the
truce.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1909-12-02

Things were quite tolerably quiet in
town Sunday, but we know of at least
enc opportunity afforded a Langdon
mau to go broke that day.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1909-12-02

Baby gets more fun chasing the MIN
bic dollar over the carpet than his
&tlstling daddy does chasing it on the
Street.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1909-12-02

So long as the aeroplane remains a
mere toy, enabling man to fly for an
Aour or so. it is confusing to call it all
airship.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1909-12-02

;-kr 'ilhr ;'i'ai" thinks of the re-
t"iiitt.~ Mo"rS >Ii" must he reminded
OF what fine. law abiding fellows those
i%nsurgent Cul,ans we're.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1909-12-02

In Japan reporters mustn't be talked
to by royalty: i'm America diplomats
mustn't talk to reporters-merely a
different way OF stating it.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1909-12-02

While tho long liver is thanking his
stars, it is Well to remember that a
good liver also makes for longevity.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1909-12-02

If you buy or press out Il barrel of
apple juice and do the right thing by
it and put it into Il particular sort of
barrel it isn't half bad.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1909-12-02
NOTICE TO CREDITORS

In the Matter of the Estate of Josephine Hof-
fele, deceased.
Notice is hereby given by the undersigned
Charles P. Getchell and John Ross, executors,
Village Of Wales, in the Comfy of Cavalier and
State of North Dakota, deceased, to the credi-
tors of and all persons having claims against
said ddceased to exhibit them. within four
to said executors at Wales. North Dakota, in
said Cavalier county.
Dated October q, A. D., 1909.
CHARLES P. GETCHHLL.
JOHN Ross, Executors.
First publication on the 4th day of Novem-
Der, A. D.. 1909.
GEORGE M. PRICE, 1918
Attorney for Estate, Langdon. North Dakota.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1909-12-02

Punishment to fit the crime of wife
desertion would be a life sentence to
hard work, the wages to go to the de-
serted family.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1909-12-02

Sometimes the West Indian hurri-
forgets the handy call at Key
West, but. alas. not always.
Courier Democrat. (Langdon, N.D.) 1891-1920, 1909-12-02

Lots of New Workers devoted the e--
ira holiday TO wishing that Tim Sulli-
van had never discovered Columbus.