Dakota farmers' leader. (Canton, S.D.) 1890-19??, 1909-12-17

based on sound principle and actual sue
cessful trial in nearly all the countries
of the world. for the system OF govern
ment guarantee of deposits now being
adopted in several western states. which
with Difference TO those who advocate 1t
seems to me to have in it the seeds of
generalization to conservative banking
and certain financial disaster.
The question of how the money depos-
tied in postal savings banks shall be in
vested is not free from difficulty, but |
believe that n satisfactory provision for
this purpose was inserted as an amend
ment to the bill considered by the Senate
at its last session. 1t has been proposed
to delay the consideration OF legislation
establishing Il postal savings bank until
after the report of the monetary commits
sion. This report is likely to be delayed
and properly so. because of the necessity
for careful deliberation and close inyesti-
cation. / do not see why the one should
be tied up with the other. 1t is under
stood that the monetary commission have
looked into the systems of banking which
now prevail abroad, and have found that
by a control there exercised in respect to
reserves and the rates of exchange by
some central authority panicS are avoid
ed. 1t is not apparent that a system Of
postal savings banks would in any way
interfere with Il change to such a system
here. Certainly in most of the countries
in Europe where control is thus exercised
by Il central authority. postal savings
banks exist and are not thought 10 be IN
consistent with Il proper financial and
banking system.
keCosIN men as snip subsidy.
Following he course of my distin-
guiShed predecessor, | earnestly recon-
mend to Congress the consideration and
passage of a ship subsidy bill. looking to
the establishment of lines between our
Atlantic seaboard and the eastern coast
Of South America, as well as lines from
the west coast OF the United States to
South America, China, Japan and the
Philippines.
Interior Department.
r,ln r,,l 80 81, t., ,1,a l,r, ,Ia,-
ton in it's national platform declared in
favor of the admission as separate states
of New Mexico and Arizona, and l rec
ommend that legislation appropriate to
this end be adopted.
a Governor for Alaska.
With respect to the territory OF Alas
ka. 1 recommend legislation which shall
provide for the appointment by the Pres
ident OF a governor and also an executive
council, the members of which shall dur
ing their term of office reside in the ter
ritory, and which shall have legislative
powers sufficient to enable it to give to
the territory local laws adapted to It's
present growth.
Conservation of National Resources.
In several departments there is pre-
sented the necessity for legislation look
ing to the further conservation of our
national resources, and the subject is one
of such Importance as to require a more
detailed and extended discussion than can
be entered upon in this communication
For that reason ! shall take an early
opportunity to send n special message to
Congress on the subject of the improve
ment of our waterways, upon the recla-
nation and irrigation of arid, semi-arid
and swamp lands upon the preservation
of our forests and the reforesting of suit
able areas Upon the reclassitication of
the public domain with a view of sep
arating from agricultural settlement min
eral, coal and phosphate lands and sites
belonging to the government bordering
on streams suitable for the utilization of
water power
Department of Agriculture.
/ to your careful considera-
ton the report of the secretary of agri-
culture as showing the immense sphere
of usefulness which that department now
fills and the wonderful addition to the
wealth of the nation made by the farmers
of this country in the crops of the cur
The lighthouse board now discharges
its duties under the department of COM
n1erce and labor. l recommend the trans
fer of control over the lighthouses to L
suitable civilian bureau.
Consolidation of Bureaus.
1 request congressional authority to
enable the secretary of and
labor to unite the bureaus of manufac-
lures and statistics.
The white Slave" Trade.
I greatly regret to have to say that
the Investigations made in the bureau
of immigration and other sources of in
formation lead to the view that there is
urgent necessity for additional legislation
and greater executive activity to sup
press
Bureau of Health.
The opportunities offered for useful re-
search and the spread OF useful infor-
nation in regard to the cultivation of
the soil and the breeding OF stock and the
solution of many of the intricate prob
lens in progressive agriculture have dem
onstlblted the wisdom of establishing that
department; Similar reasons, of equal
force. can be given for the establishment
nf n 11ly-a1lI of health that ghal nor nnl "
exercise the police jurisdiction of the fed
eral government respecting quarantine,
but which shall also afford an opportuni-
ty for investigation and research by com
petent experts into questions of health
affecting the whole country, or import
ant sections thereof. questions which. in
the absence Of federal governmental work,
are not likely to be promptly solved.
The Civil Service Commission.
The work of the United States civil
service commission has been performed
tive officers with whom the commission
has been brought into official commune
cation.
Recommendations have been made by
my predecessors that Congress a%ppropri-
ate q sufficient sum to pay the balance
about 3S per cent-of the amounts due
depositors in the Freedman's Savings and
Trust Company. 1 renew this recommen-
datiCn.
Emancipation Scmi-Centenninl.
The year 1913 will mark the fftieth
anniversary Of the issuance of the Eman-
cipation Proclamation granting freedom
to the negroes. 1t seems fitting that this
event should be properly celebrated. AL
ready a movement has been started by
prominent negroes, encoura sed by prom
inent white people and the less.
In Conclusion.
I have thus, in a message compressed
as much as the subjects will permit, re-
ferred to many of the legislative needs
of the country, with the exceptions al
ready noted. Speaking generally, the
country IS in a high state of prosperity.
There is every reason to believe that we
are on the eve of a substantial business
expansion, and We have just garnered n
harvest ~unexampled in the market value
of our agricultural products. The high
great prosperity for the farming com
munity, but on the other hand they mean
n very considerably increased burden upon
those classes in the community whose
yearly compensation does not expand
with the Improvement in business and the
general prosperity. Various reasons are
given for the high prices. The proper
Tomato increase in the output of gold.
which to-day is the chief medium of ex-
change and IS in some respects a measure
of value, furnishes a Substantial eXplana-
ton OF at least part of the increase in
prices. The increase in population and
the more expensive mode of living of the
people. which have not been accompanied
by a proportfonate increase in acreage
production. may furnish a further rea-
son. 1t is well to note that the increase
in the cost of living is not confined to this
country, but prevails the world over, and
that those who would charge increases in
prices to the existing protective tariff
must meet the fact that the rise in prices
-. -I-o- I an. o1r,nGt - t1 {h--