davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1885-1921, 1909-11-30
WHAT THE "BAHAT'
MOVEMENT REALLY IS

greater part of the month of Mohar-
rem to passionate mourning for the as
eassination of Ali, and the murder of
his two sons, Hassan and Hussein, the
latter of whom had married the
daughter of the Persian king. They
hold that Ali s rightful authority was
transmitted to the line of his descend
ants his successors being styled, not
Caliphs. but Imams. The twelfth Imam
(the Mahdi) disappeared from earth in
937 A. D., but is expected to come
again in power, and right all wrongs.
Another result of the inherent antag
ouism between the Arab and Persian
modes of thought was the rise of the
Suf mystical philosophy, which has ex-
tensively pervaded Persian thought. II
is at bottom a pantheistie philosophy.
similar to the Eedanta of India, Il
teaches that "nothing absolutely exists
hnt God All else is illusion. The
highest state of bliss is absorption
into the Eternal. TO sink like a bub-
BILE into the ocean of Divine Life. It
leads to Indifference of moral distinc
tions. denial of the freedom Of the
will. and TO self-indulgence. as is seen
IN the lives of many of its devotees.
or TO dreamy Quietism. 1t Is ex-
tremelv tolerant, for "al paths lead
IA God - 1t has been clother in beau
tiful literary garb by the genius Of
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1885-1921, 1909-11-30

lived, however, in great seclusi0n, leav-
ing the direction of affairs almost en-
tirely in the hands of his elder half
brother, Mira Husayn Ali, entitled
BAHIA Unllah, 1.-THE Splendor of Cod,
who thus gradually became the most
influential member of the sect, although
in his book, the Iskan, written in 1853
80. he still implicitly recognized the
supremacy Of Subh-i-Ezel.
In 1868. however. BAHIA declared him
self to be He whom God shall mani
fest, - and summoned all Babis to ac'
knowledge his claim. A large major
itv submitted but Subh-i-Ezel and a
humber Of his faithful adherents re-
fused. Nearly twenty of the leading
Ezelis were at different times assassin
ated. Since that time the Babis have
been divided into two sects, of which
the Bahais have steadily gained and
the Ezelis lost ground so that at the
present day there are probably only a
hundred or two Of the latter left
IN 1868. the Babis of both parties
were at she instance of the Persian
government removed from Bagdad to
AdrianopIe. Again, in 1865 BAHIA and
MS followers were exiled to Acre in
Palestine. and Subh-i Eel with his few
adherents removed TO Famagusta in Cy-
prus. BAHIA died at Acre Nav Is, 1892
and was succeeded by his son Abba:
Efendi, whose claims, however, were
contested by another son, named Mu
manned Ali. The former appears 10
nave the support Of the main body OF
the sect.
As soon as BAHIA was firmly estab
lished in his new authority, he pro
ceeded to make use of it to abrogate
change and develop the Babite doe
trines. His chief aim seems to have
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1885-1921, 1909-11-30

the great lyric poets, Haiz, Saadi, ia
lalud-Din and others. Babism also has
with reason been regarded as cone of
the numerous sects of Sufsm, directed
into more practical channel.'
1t was founded in Persia in 1S44-5
by Mira Ali Muhammed of Shiraz.
young Sayyid or descendant of the
Prophet, about thirty years of age. Be-
fore his manifesti0n, he was a dis
eiple of the Sayyid KAHN of Rasht
the head of the sect of Shaikis. which
is characterized by the doctrine that
at all times there must exist an inter
mediary between the twelfth Imam
and his followers. This intermediary
IS styled the "Bab' or door. -
through which alone the twelfth Imam.
during the period of his ''occulta-
ton, holds communication with the
faithful. ''It is in this sense says
Prof. f. G. Browne. land not in the
sense Of gate of God. that the title
Bah was understood and assumed
by Ali Muhammed. but he soon as
sumed the higher title of 'Nukta. >
Point Ger Manifestation of the Dj-
vine Wild. and conferred the title
Bah on his ardent disciple, Mulla
Husayn. The history of the Bah
movement down TO the martyrdom of
the Bah at Tabriz. July 5. 1880. aud
the terrible persecution brought on by
the attempt of three Babis TO assassi-
nate the late Shah. Nasiru 4 Din. in
1852. Is Of thrilling interest. and is
well told by Count Gobjneau The
doctrines Of Babism are mainly con
tanned IN an Arabic treatise entitled
the Bryan, written by the Bah him
self. which Gobineau has translated
for Us Il 5 essentially a system Of
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1885-1921, 1909-11-30

Pantheism tinctured by additions from
GnOstic and other sources. 1t is there
fore consistent for it to represent the
Divine Nature to be incarnated in GER
tain great prophets, Moses. Jesus, Mo
manned and the Bah, each of whom IS
an advance on his predecessor. Great
Importance is attached to the number
seven, and to nineteen, which mysti-
caliy expresses the name of the Deity
himself. The year IS to be divided
into nineteen months, each Of which
shall contain nineteen days, besides
four festival days. An organized
priesthood Of nineteen members, among
whom the latest incarnation Of the
Divine Nature was conceived to he dis
trlbuted, was to govern the Babi
Church. At the Last Judgment the
righteous will be absorbed into the Di-
vine Nature, losing their personality
while the wicked will be annihilated.
The moral precepts of the Bah give
evidence of Il humane and gentle ma
ture. He proposed 10 abolish the veil
ed seelusi0n of women. as well a
polygamy, forbade the use Of alcoholic
liquors or opium. did away with the
pilgrimage to Mecca. and the kibla,
condemned mendieaney. and enjoined
hospitality, charity and the kind
treatment Of children.
The writings OF the Bah are full of
prophecies of the future advent Of
- He whom God shall manifest. or
he Aahdi, who viii bring in more
complete revelation. In the year be
fore his death he appointed Mira
fahya of Nur. as his successor. under
the title of Subh-i-Ezel, (the Morn of
Eeternityl. who escaped TO Bagdad,
and became the pontiff of the sect. He
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1885-1921, 1909-11-30

been TO do away with irksome and I'M
practical regulations, to eoneiliate
Christians and Jews, to diminish the
Mohammedan features of Babism, and
thus to render it more palat8ble to
western converts. This policy seems
to have been highly successful At
present an effort is being made to raise
sufficient funds to provide for the cree
tion of a mosque in Chicago, to be
called Mashrak ell Azkar.' VIDA.
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1885-1921, 1909-11-30
THE PLEASANT0N
HOTEL
DININGROOM, CUISINE AND
SERVICE UNEXCELLED.

Bedrooms have the particular
features of spaciousness. They
all open on wide, sun-protected
verandas.
A private diningroom for the
accommodation of persons desir-
ing private luncheons or dinners.
LIVINGROOM presents atttraJ-
tons not found in other hotels in
Hawaii. THE HOTEL IS ON
THE CAR LINE, 10 MINUTES
FROM BUSINESS CENTER.
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1885-1921, 1909-11-30


WITH GIFTS
STOCK
FROM
THEY ARE NEW
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1885-1921, 1909-11-30
90

CHRISTMAS CHEER COMING
OF THE DESIRE CLAUS
DIVIDENDS TO THE LITTLE FOLKS
HOME REINDEER TEAM
SHOULD BE IN EVERY HOUSEHOLD MORNING.
New-York tribune., 1909-05-27
OUTSIDE SECURITIES.

Speculation in the market for outside sectrites
vas on an increased scale in the copper stocHt~'
although this was generally at the expense OF VAL
ues notwithstanding further advance IN CoppeI
metal Prices at the opening were sllghuy io"eI'
hut around midday considerable selling preSsuI :
was in evidence, directed against nurnoer OF
conner stocks, and eventually extended else"heIs
I'm this group. Ohio Copper was sofa LesiS a ai
the manipulated issues. however, prices were sus
tained on continued inside support The industrial
list a rule was quiet and irregular AiIei a.
sTobacco was off point: Chicago subway 1I4-
United Cigar was exception, improving q III
bonds a decidedly easier tone was shown WIN iloie
activity Armour 4lzs were off Il New YORK City
4s were fraction lower Western Paclnc 9s ana
Kansas City Southern IS held steady.
New-York tribune., 1909-05-27
TO THE INVESTING PUBLIC.

closing financing OF Ell Trio COPPER COMPANY
Silver Bell district This copans property has been under
opnent past and now Oognt " ne attention
General public for
OF the company 100000 issue Of securities S/O has been
private offer the balance at e same pe paid by those
their present condition
of offer an exceptionally attractive
cnt opportunity financing practically completed the
treated by the simplest
methods known the equipment Tor extensive
installed and company will be actively producing copper within 90 days
and equipment of these
The management has had all the advantages
and sufficient capital cou uS ana the mpke
success Of the company's plans is now assured
We believe an investment the securities OF this enterprise combines
an unusual degree qualities Of safety and substantial Proh and that
a;o7 - likely commend
Cnng
Descriptive circulars rsvilbe furnished on application
the AMERICAN FINANCE SECURITIES COMPANY,
FveN Street we" 'orS
u f%P @ H fsq ssr SS f speculation and those
New-York tribune., 1909-05-27
Nax Y--s MAY . 1aa
TO THE STOCKHOLDERS on
The Associated Merchants e.

have conveyed 20 the UNITED DRY GOODS CIV
PANIES my entire holdings Of all classes % the 80
stock OF THE ASSOCIATED MERCHANTS toNfNl'
and have taken in exchange therefor s7a-s f'r -
Common stock % the UNITED DRY GOODS uE
FANIES.
Every holder % stock os c7s= ~ I'VE -
GATED MERCHANTS COMPAST has the pTisl=s.
until August LIST. 1Poo Or exchanging his stock ir
common stock Or the. UNITED DIZZY GOODS -
PANGES as 7 have exchanged mine. share f-r sha-e
In few days printed forms % contract for sHai.-
Will ba furnished application At the United -
GOODS COMPANIES cfHcs Hudson Trust Io1I'-
Building Hobokcn. y = or ~ rrs of7-s O, Tha >
p CIAFI.IN COMPANY. corner Caur-h and W.T.
Streets. New York.
foUN CLAFIIN.
New-York tribune., 1909-05-27

Tha following were the last actual sales and the
clsing quotations for stocks in which there were
NJ Transactions Yesterday the New York STOCK ,
New-York tribune., 1909-05-27

The following shows yesterdays closing quota
tions for government bonds. compared with Tues
DAYS
New-York tribune., 1909-05-27
ERIE RAILROAD COMPANY


80 CHURCH STREET.
New Yo-s. May IS 1893
To the holders OF
NEW YORK & ERIE r. r. co FIFTH MORT
GAGE - BONDS
BUFFALO. NEW YORK & ERIE r r co. =
BONDS.
Referring to our letter o., June rJJh. 1aos - tas
holders Of the Bonds unds- the FIrsr C1nsOltatsd
Mortgage OF the Erie Railroad Company and IN order
continue the plan therein announced you az HEREBY
notified that your coupons falling due June lst 1893
VIII be purchased a. par for cash b. J. ? Morgan :
co. upon presentation and surrender thereof ou .
before MAY 10Th. 1909. t1sr Office. No IS Wal
Street, New York
BY order % the Board - Directors
ERIE RAILROAD CONF&N7.
By 2 y TNDEEWJ0 President
- Wall Street New yr-S MAY q t9oe
Referring the above notice Or the Erie Rai7csi
Company. prepared At ANY TiHE " W
AND INCLUDING MAY 29TH 1909 tr purchase a. "a
in cash all coupons falling due June 1892 ron ~
bonds therein mentioned
Il + MORGAN & 60.
New-York tribune., 1909-05-27
Buffaio & Susauehanna Iron ComPs0l

First Mortgage So Gold Bonds - ,sd q
coupon No IL due June l. 1902 VII "
FISK n ROBINSON rs Cedar 81 -S.,s---r =.
NJ. n CARSON. Secretary ana 49,
New-York tribune., 1909-05-27

gloupons due June iofq. from Elrst -. -
bonds Of this VIII ee ssd q -. xs-sEs'
dzts upon presentation AZ the ofl-cs oL 1..-
Trust Company. i2O 6rcsdvs- 1-S.S-fs T-.arzr8
New-York tribune., 1909-05-27
COLLATERAL TRUST NorEs.

Maturing 1902.
FURNISHED by Appeazelar. No. 90 Pine
street,
New-York tribune., 1909-05-27
REALLY AssoCIATEs.

IT6 Remsen street. BROOKLYN ~ T.
DIVIDEND NJ Nav .4th. -
The Board % Directors has shis e4s ,.S-e C-ssl
SEcNTI- ANNTrsr. DTVIDFNu OF THREE -. Ja3
an he taDffaT Sfock 0f Company pa9
18TH 1909 20 Stockholders of record st --.ss-ss y
Sav Iufy 5th taOa HENRY A. FftEf. IIs---~~
New-York tribune., 1909-05-27
surniu. ssOO,OO0
DiIideRd Notices.
SOUTHERN PACIFIC co.

120 broadway. New York. MAY SH. i
Preferred stock Dividend 10. te,-r, 80
4 Dividend CG THREE AND A Hall r-sssr-t
So ~ per sharel this day dscisrei On 80 or y
~ the southern Pacific COmpany. iN 90 -
mand and after the 18th day OF july. - -st =
June 30. 1909. The stock transfer toS- slt.rs -
closed for the payment OF this dividend IN. rnsill<
have already done are r-Quested q s-,r, vhcn
orders for dividends with the JudersiSirl. -'
blank orders be had application- ---.,sf-sr.
A X VAN DEN EN- t-ls, 49,
New-York tribune., 1909-05-27
PHILADELPHIA STOCKS.

FURNISHED by Charles D. Barney & Co. No - Broad
New York and No To- South 4th St. Philadelphia
New-York tribune., 1909-05-27

by Thomas Reinhardt No IS Broad ,,r..
New York. and No. 10 Exchange Place. Boston,
New-York tribune., 1909-05-27
The Denver and Bio Grsads Railroad GumpuI
BLAIR & co.

"a Broad Street. New York City
New-York tribune., 1909-05-27
GUARANTEED STOCKS.

ned by Joseph Walker sons. No. 20 Broad strss,J
New-York tribune., 1909-05-27

SOUTHERN PACIFIC CO
I2O Broadway New York. May -o'''
Common stock Dividend No. H. -,
quarterly dividend OF one Dollar ard 49, or -
per share. being ELEVENTH DlNlbts-.ssN ,s.-
Common capital Stock this Compsu5 ha Tf~fdsat
clared. payable July I. 1899 90 the bearers
Warrants No II. annexed 20 certincase- ~ ruca
such stock upon presentation and surren.S. osr-s q
Warrants TO the undersigned Treasurer AZ ti7
the Company. I20 Broadway, New loIs. ---.,srrsr
A
New-York tribune., 1909-05-27
UNREGISTERED.
BONDS.
BOSTON CURB STOCKS

SELLS cents per share. todd lots.
New-York tribune., 1909-05-27
GOVERNMENT BONDS

Total sales of bonds. Ss.es5. 600.
The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, 1909-08-08

tain Diaz became famous in this war.
which continued through 1857 and 1853
in the district of the trail, and soon
afterward was transferred to other
parts of the republic, where he waged
war against the invading French army.
In 1877 he was elevated to the presi-
dency OF Mexico and with the excep-
ton OF four years-1880 to 1SS4-has
served his country in that capacity
well and faithfully.
The concession for this road was
secured and held by Mr.. Hargous.
New York capitalist, who, after oper-
ating the line for several years, gave
1t up Much money was lost in the
enterprise, Notwithstanding the fact
that an average of 800 passengers and
much freight were carried over the
line each month for nearly three years.
During the first two years of the stage
line men headed for California were in
the majority, but in 1858 many were
homeward bound.
All of the men who passed this way
were conveyed safely across, with but
one exception. An American. whose
name Is now quite forgotten, was re-
turning to the east without gold. At
Mogane a camp on the line, he was
offered employment, it seems, by the
stage company and accepted. He was
not happy, however, and one day after
showing a photograph of his wife and
and small. daughter to friends about
camp. he placed the muzzle of a re-
volver to his head and ended his un-
happy life. The body was buried on the
top Of a nearby hill and at the time
marked by a cross, but that has long
since gone and nothing remains but the
well defined mound and several stunted
oak tress that were planted at the time
of the burial The rings. two gold
ones. worn by the man, were buried
with the body Santiago Bailey says
the grave has never been molested and
he thinks the rings bore some clew to
the mans identity.
There were deaths in the contract
ors' camps and it is said these men
were buried without exception in the
company's cemetery on the trail near
FL Sapote. about 10 miles from Suchil.
Senator Frederick passed over tAe
The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, 1909-08-08
SE1G1HWZESEC SxLz-Er
g/Ek1E IN A>7C-k GIE OSrEcD.

were sent home. Some Of the men re-
NAMED behind. married and continued
to live in tie country till their deaths.
Among them was Gustavo Airmondorf,
who lived at Patapa till his death.
about 1898; Thomas Ky1ark. a native OF
Kentucky. died 1889: Sandy Good. Min
atitlan, died about 80 years ago; Pat
rick Harron also lived at Minatitlan
and died about 1879; Louis Simon lived
at Mogane and died there about %
years ago. The only two known surviv-
ors now residing in the country are
Bailey at Mogone and Woolrich at Te-
huantepec. The others who remained
behind at the time of the enterprise
was abandoned either died soon after
or left the country.
The steamers of the Pacific Mail COM
pany in service at the time were the
Oregon, California and Panama. After
1860 there was no one to keep the trail
in condition and other routes were
chosen by the Californians in going to
and from the west Only a few parties
passed this way after the early six
ties, and 1T was not until about 1866
that the route was again used by
Americans. 1t was then that the coun-
try served as retreat for men Of the
north and south during the civil war
Some passed from the gulf to the Pa
cific and embarked On tramp scnooners
or an occasional steamer for the west
Many who had been ruined financially
during the years of struggle between
north and south came from the south
ern states and after a few months, or
possibly years. either returned to their
old homes or sought new ones in the
west.
The line of the trs can be followed
for many miles along the valleys and
through the mountains. but there are
places in the lowlands where a half
century's rains and rapid growth of
tropical forest have entirely destroyed
the famous old highway. For many
miles the old. winding road Is used by
dozen times 1T is crossed by the line Of
which extends from the port OF Coatza-
coalcos, on the Gulf of Mexico, to Salina
Cruz, on the Pacific coast. The railroad.
which was finally opened by President
Diaz in January, 1907, passes through
the same country and follows for short
distances in the mountains and through
valleys the road made by the louisiana
Tehuantepec company. Near where the
trail ended on the gulf side and where
the canoe fleets landed, after the trip
up river from Coatzacoalcos or Minati-
Ian (Fabrica) is the city of San Lucre-
tia, an important station on the Tehuan-
tepec route, and also the southern ter
minus of the Vera Cruz al Istmo rail-
way At Santa Lucretia the Tehuante-
pee route skirts to the west of the river
in q shorter route to Coatzacoaleos. The
The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, 1909-08-08

days. while the workmen were sent
ahead to repair the trail where it had
been made impossible during the rainy
season just closed.
This was a few miles across the bor-
der into the state of Oaxaca and after
crossing the shallow Malatengo river
and several small creeks the trail took
to the mountains. leading over the
summit of Mount Acote and into the
valley to the south, where is now stu
ated the city of Rincon Antonio, head
quarters of the Tehuantepec national
railway Two days after leaving Sara
via the party spent the night on the
first open prairie they had found. Here
at Rincon Antonio good water was to
be had, and from this point rapid prog
ress was made until the trail left
the valleys and again entered the
mountains near the present station of
Chivela, then the home of a Mexican
cattleman.
From Chivela the trail was very bad,
and for about 20 miles followed the
ridge of the mountains in a winding
course. Some 10 miles from the city of
San Geronimo the trail led into the
valley on the Pacific side of the water
divide. Passing about four miles to
the east Of San Geronimo. the road
led in almost a straight line to the
famous Indian city of Tehuantepec, a
distance of about Is miles! At Te-
huantepec there was both a trail over
land and a canoe route via the Tehuan-
tepec river, which led to Ventosa at it's
mouth.
Ventosa could hardly have been
called a port, yet it performed the
functions of such. There were no pub
lie buildings; in fact, no stores at all,
and only a few thatched shacks that
were inhabited by wood choppers and
several fishermen. The place was used
as a port for schooners engaged in the
mahogany and dye wood trade. The
bar was very shallow, and it was nee
essary to convey all of the logs
through the breakers In small boats or
In RATS At this place the band of
gold seekers and pioneers of the 40
trail of the Istkmus took schooner for
the port of San francisco.
1t is said that the men of the little
band, about 20, arrived at ventosa in
less than two weeks after leaving the
ship at Fabrica. The members ar
rived on the Pacific safely, and all ex-
cept one sailed on the first schooner
This man. named Keller, was taken i'll
with malaria on the trail and was left
behind in the care of a Tehuantepec
Indian family. He recovered and took
the next boat down the coast and
around the horn for New Orleans. At
that time there were a few tramp
schooners engaged in the numbering
trade between the little camp at Ven
tosa and New Orleans.
The successful passage of this party
over the new route, that IS new to the
people of the United States. was fol-
lowed a few months afterward by
others. when it was found that the
trip could be made this way in better
time and with less hardship than by
the Santa Fe trail. There were no
Indians in this part or the Mexican
republic warning against the whites,
for the whites were not invading their
country, but were merely passing
through en- route to another land.
When this fact became known among
The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, 1909-08-08
Stage Line Established


Since 1851 forty miners had been con-
tinually passing over the trail from the
Gulf of Mexico to the Pacific In small
numbers, and in 1856 an American COM
pany known as the Louisiana Tehuan-
tepec company was organized In New
Orleans with view to constructing a
road and establishing stage line from
Suchil In Vera Cruz to the new port
of Salina Cruz on the Pacific. Work
was commenced about 1855, many
camps were established along the line
and the hundreds of men employed on
the project had the road in operation
In less than year. Relay stations
were established at Tehuantepec Rio
Verde, Chivela, La Puerta and Suchil.
At the latter place canoes and small
steamer were employed to convey the
passengers, cargo and mails to the
larger sailing vessels and steamers at
the bar, Coatzacoalcos. Some of the
smaller seagoing vessels continued to
sail up river to the town of Fabrica
(Minatitlan). On the Pacific coast the
Pacific Mail steamship company was
engaged principally in handling the
business of the Louisiana Tehuantepec
company.
Concord stages were used in the
service. They were of the early type
and similar to those now used in yell
lowstone park They were very high
and supported by heavy leather hinges
(swings). There were 35 coaches and
more than 800 horses were constantly
used, and while the new line was being
advertised in the United States in both
the east and west the stages were
loaned to Captain (now President)
Por1rio Diaz, then commanding the
army in southern Mexico. to convey
arms and ammunition from the gulf
coast to the garrison at Tehuantepec.
Captain Diaz was stationed at Tehuan-
tepec at the time of the church wars
in Mexico. Comonfort was made
president of the republic in 1855 and
soon after caused a law to be passed
ordering free religious belief and the
sale of all church lands. The church
party instigated the war that followed.
but in this war between the church
and the liberals the business of the
Louisiana Tehuantepec company was
not interfered with and none of the
passengers or the wealth of gold they
were Taking home were molested. Cap