davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1909-05-23
4 SURyIV4L OF Wild WESTERNISn.

Not unlike the Night Rider movement of
the South. although its manifestations have
been less frequent because Of the larger in
terests involved, is that form of lawlessness
which still exists in the West, instigated by
the cattiemen. In the days when the habita-
tions in that part of the country marked on
the Biographies of 4 half century ago as the
Great American Desert were few and far be
tween the cattlemen had things pretty much
their own way. They drove their herds over
territory now within the boundaries of a half
dozen states, picking the best pasture for their
cattle and moving them on when the shortage Of
verdure made such an hegira desirable.
With the settlement of the country once sup
posed TO be practically uninhabitable and the
division of the great cattle ranges there has
come into the hearts OF some of the cattlemen
feeling Of deep resentment, and there are sec
tons where regard for law is so slight that It is
dangerous for the farmer to try TO establish his
home. The comparatively modern barbed wire
fence strung around the farms of the newcom-
ers, is thorn in the flesh Of the nomadic cow
puncher, and many a mysterious disappearance
has ended the effort of a settler TO secure him
self in the possession OF the homestead which
he has taken up.
The advent Of the sheep hertler, too has been
painful blow TO the cattemen That the sheep
raisers have the same moral right to Craze their
flocks on the public domain the cattle raisers
cannot be questioned but the latter have always
felt that they had prior claim, and millions OF
dollars worth Of sheep have been left dead on
the Western plains q warning TO those who
had the temerity to invade the field which had
been pre-empted by the first comers They said,
with some truth, that the sharp feet OF the sheep
cut up the ground and destroyed more than was
consumed by them. but this had no bearing on
the question of legal and moral right
4 report Just received from the West of the
slaughter of some three thousand sheep in Colo
RADIO IS reminder Of the fact that there IS still
something of the old disregard for law in those
regions. In the contention over the right to
large and desoIate section OF Colorado several
murders have been committed, aud it is perhaps
a little surprising that the latest move OF the
cattlemen resulted In nothing more serious than
the destruction Of some thousands OF dollars
worth Of property. Not until the land is finally
divided up into small tracts for actual settlers
who will make their homes there will it be pos
sibie to eradicate this lawless spirit and then
only by removing The cause for It by fencing off
the ranges and adopting new methods Of stock
raising
New-York tribune., 1909-05-23
FERDfNAND'S NEW TITLE.

The complete independence Of Bulgaria is now
generally recognized by the DOW ers, and the SOW
ereign of that country is therefore entitled 10
he known as king The question of what or
whom lie is king however. is still troublesome.
He demands that he shall be called King of the
Bulgarians" To this Russia at first objected
saying that King Of Bulgaria" was preferable,
but soon withdrew the objection Turkey. how
ever. strenuously objects to It. for the pertinent
reason that King of the Bulgarians" would
imply that Ferdinand was King of all Bulga-
rlans. in Turkey as we'll as In Bulgaria itself
There Is ground for suspectlng that that is pre-
ciseIy what Ferdinand intends if to signify in
furtherance Of Bulgaria's long cherished designs
upon Macedonia, although some purists in no
menclature point out that In that case he should
call himself king Of the Bulgars,' which would
mean king of all members Of the Bulgar race
wherever they were, while king of the Bull
garians" would mean strictly king of only those
who were within the territorial bounds of Bull
garia, and would leave IT to be demonstrated
that Macedonia vas. in fact. part Of Bulgaria.
which. Of course, il is not.
Curiously enough. both parties point 10 the
title Of the Greek monarch for justification OF
their contentious The Bulgarians argue that
Georges title. King of the Hellenes.' which
was adopted with Turkeys full approval is pre-
cisely analogous to Ferdinands proposed king
Of the Bulgarians" Perhaps il is. if the latter
be interpreted in the restricted sense cf the
purists just quoted But the Turks reply that
as a matter Of fact, the Greek sovereign WAS
styled king of the Heenes" instead of king
o--the Greeks or King of Greece" at Turkeys
own instance, in order that his sovereignty
might thus be confined 70 the inha habitants OF
Helas, since il was then recognized that King
OF the Greeks" would imply Sovereignty over the
New-York tribune., 1909-05-23
Sf0ESSEL AND NEBOGATOFF.

The pardoning OF General Stoessel aud Adj
miral Nebogatcf by the Russian government
will be pretty generally regarded with relief
and gratitude by a world which has little sym
pathy with the extreme rigOrs of military law.
These feelings will be all the stronger because
of the revelations that have been made of the
corruption and inef6ciency which prevailed in
the army and navy administrations of the Rus
sian government, which were ample to assure
in advance defeat for generals and admirais
and which practically made these two officers
victims of the system
There remain, however two unsettled ques-
tions which have already been much discussed
and which are apparently TO be subjects
Of future controversy, perhaps Understandable
One relates 20 Port Arthur Gould that
vaunted Gibraltar of the East have been
longer defended? And to what purpose? Had
Todleben or an Osman been in command,
could it have held out? And if it had, for three
or six or twelve months longer. what would
have been the effect upon the war? Concerning
the possibility of further defence of the place
there have been Numerically opposing testi-
monies given and must look upon that
question as not to be answered TO universal
satisfaction The question how much longer
Port Arthur could have held out cannot be
exactly answered. but since the place was com
pletely invested by land and sea It IS obvious
that in time famine, if nothing else would have
compelled its surrender. Finally the question
as to the effect which its longer defence would
have had upon the fortunes of the war Is one
over which there has been much controversy
and on which there viii probably never he
entire agreement. 1t is true that before the
surrender the Japanese had been driving the
Russians before them, winning three great
battles in June, July and September while Port
Arthur did not fall until the next January.
Yet there are those who hold that at that time
the Japanese before Moukden had reached the
limit Of their strength and that il was only
their reinforcement by the veterans from Port
Arthur that enabled them 60 complete the dis
comtiture of the Russians. II this latter view
is correct the responsibility incurred by Gen
eral Stoessel in snrrendering was indeed very
great.
The other major question raised by these
cases has 10 do with the duties and discretion
of naval commander Has lie q right to sur
render his feet or his ship when he finds him.
self hopelessly beaten, or must he fight stub
bornly on and so down with his ship? In other
New-York tribune., 1909-05-23

naval wars surrenders have been not uhcom-
mon. and while they have generally. II not
always been subjects of Investigation, the
commanders have by no means invariably peeh
condemned as criminals. OF course. there are
contrary examples, such as that of the historic
sOOp-of-war Cumberland at Hampton Roaos.
1t is true that captain is sent out to bght anu
not to surrender But if he is forbidden 70 sur
render in any case. then he and his men are
practically foredoomed to destruction IN case
thew are beaten. Such a sacrifice may be mag
nificent and it may be war, but there are those
who will question whether it is sense or hu-
manlty. Admiral NebogatOff was hopelesSIy
beaten. He had absolutely no chance of victory
of escape or within reasonable limits of fndlct-
ing damage upon the enemy. Moreover, the
ships were so damaged that as prizes they
would be of no value to the Japanese for a long
time thereafter. Further resistance would nave
been suicide. It Is not at all certain that the
principles of warfare contemplate, or should
contemplate, so great a sacrifice when there IS
nothing to be gained by it. Technically General
Stoessel and Admiral Nebogatof may nave
failed in strict military duty, but in the hght
Of subsequent disclosures of their circumstances
the world will be glad that they have not been
subjected TO the full penalty Of what was their
misfortune at least as much as their fault
New-York tribune., 1909-05-23
AT THE WHITE HOUSE.
From The Tribune Bureau.l


WashiustorT Nav 22.-The President was
formed bv the Secretary of the Navy to-day 'Iia7
after careful study of the estimate Of approprla-
tions for the navy for the fiscal year to end Jun7
90 1911 saving, OF SO 100000 had been fouhu le
ibIe. 49,,
President Taft and Miss Mabel Boardmah iel. ~
Executive offices shortly after O'Clock Ill MlsS
I3osrdr7an.s automobile for the Corcoran Art Gat-
Ierv to view the 1,2O0 different designs for 'he
Christmas stamp of 1909 of the American Nationai
Red Cross -.
a telegram was sent by President ana ME- t"'
today to George B. Cortelyou, expressing tile'
sympathy over the death of Helen CoftsiSou' 49,
daughter Of the former Secretary OF the lte0Sui'
and Mrs. Cortelyou-
The following statement was given out 81 %
White House to-day because of runlors 10 Ia.
effect that the resignation Of the GoVernoI u
Alaska had been requested by President Iat.'
Governor Hoggatt of Alaska stated to tne F[e9l.
dent number OF times his desire to be relieved or
the office of Governor. and the appointment OF Mt
clark was not made until q telegram had been
sent by Governor Hoggatt fixing a time when ne
asked m be relieved" Governor Hoggatt will retire
about October J. when Walter E. Clark VIII as
sumo the office Of Governor.
Among those who called on the President "eio
Secretary Knox Secretary Meyer, Speaker Callloil'
Senators Brandagee, Bulkeley, Oliver, GURUS W.
more Clark and Stephenson: Representatives hun
Dixon, Cox Madison Burgess, Olcott' forunei'
Clark and Kennedy Mr.. Kennedy introduced Us
car T. Nulf q Bryan Democrat, Of East PaIestlne'
Ohio who had to push a cart all the way 70 WASH
ington because he lost an election bet
New-York tribune., 1909-05-23
1 CURJOTS SITUATION.

It is q notable circumstance that the Senates
tariff bill has practically no defenders IN The
press of the country. We nave failed TO notice
a cordial approval of it In its present form IN
any conspicuous Republican newspaper, or III
any Democratic newspaper, North or South. Al
though many Southern Senators are helping 10
neutralize the reductions in duties made In the
measure as it left the House Of Representatives.
Our observation is fully confirmed by THE
Washington Post which said the other day
The press of a free country is fair index *
public opinion. In forty years of Journalists
effort we do not recall any question OF wide
have been as unanimous as they are to-day III re-
gard to the pending tariff bill There isn't publ
cation of note anywhere that has 3 kind WORD 10
say III behalf of the measure in its present form
"A fact too significant to be ignored or ngatlE
treated II is no exaggeratOn TO say that the OIL
hasn't friend outside the halls of Congress anu
the small circle of men whose representatives
came here to see that it was framed With view
to promote their own seltiShness.
The Senate is by tradition highly conserva-
tive body. II cings to what is, and usually
prefers TO err on the side Of selfreStraint and
inaction Yet the political Sagacity of the III
nance Committee and its followers is discredited
by the fact that their work finds no approval
from the public opinion which the newspapers
reflect. Can such work he expected to appeal
hereafter to the voters? Is the Senate right IN
Judging public sentiment while the newspapers
of both parties are all wrong? These are ques-
tions which the makers Of the Senate measure
would do well TO consider.
New-York tribune., 1909-05-23
IN THE BERKsHIREs.
IBy Telegraph 70 The Tri6uns-l


Is11ox May zz-CharIes 5 Meilen and MS ra1l1s
arrived in Stuckbridge this afternoon y specEs'
train from New Haven Besides Their naggase
they brought carload OF peacocks, pigeons sses9
and other water fowl for President Meiisns
nenagerfe at Council Grove
Mr. and Mrs. Samuel FrOthinshan were hosts q
dinner at Overlea tonight
Mr. and Mrs J. NJ. Crafts and Mss Catnerfns
Crafts departed to-day for Ridgeheld. Conn
Mr.. and Mrs Elliot c. Brown gave small diHasf
tonight at their Tyrngham villa. IN honor or AF'
Richard Watson Glider
Mrs Oscar Iasisf and Miss Nora lasis Nee
called to Boston BY the death OF a relative
Mr. ar.I Mrs ]. Woodward Haven, VINO laFe
leased OF Miss Emily Tuckerman her couh1'
place IngIeside. returned to town this wees.
Mrs. Alexander sedgvick and children have saiiso
from Europe, and arriving viii 90 az onIs :
their place IN Stockbridge-
DR.. L Bolton Bangs and raHIly nave oss- 80.
their country place Manatuck Farm. IL SteSA
bridge. ,,,-..,
MI and Mrs. John E Alsxandre and the Misses
Alexandra are Spring Lawn, Their conh'I' Pl-S-'
for the summer
Mr and Mrs Daniel Payne Griswold arrived -. =
the Adriatic and have opened their GeraninIn S''
tage. -.
Mr and Mrs George Baty Blake are at Neass.
lev since their return from abroad. and are % 'F%
Pine Needles next week -
Mrs. William e Wharton and Miss Wharton -
at Pine Acre for the season
Mr. and Mrs. NJ OrIue Wilson nave 0eVD
Ienox inspecting country places for lease.
lindsay Fairfax has returned from V1s' "
Virginia. 50
Mrs George csriswoId Haven came up 10 sunny
croft this week. -
Mrs James r. Jesup. Who annually slelliS
summer at the hotel has arrived -
Mrs Thomas Porter and Miss Grace 1sna+~
Tuxedo are at the Red Lion Inn
n md q
have been inspecting country places. haTs rel''H7
to town -, ,..-.~t
Mrs Anna Lewis Vesey has 6ought tis - -rs
OF her brother Birdseye Lewis. IN the ur'uaiu
property, in Stockbridgs. .-~
DR. ". Gilman Thompson will occupy MS -
place. Halidon Hall. In Stcckoridse. hsNN ~.
MI aud Mrs. George Washington y, -
spending q fortnight at Erskins Psrs oeIer7 So
to PIttshug. -. -,uu-
" " Woodward will open Eden Hal ~
trv place in stockbrtdss. on WsdnssdAs- ,..
Mrs Edward L Kidder- Of New tofA- =
OF Miss Sophia Curtiss. IN Shefhs-d V-,-s
Mr. and Mrs Harris FshreStock. OF W.
have arrived ar Bel Air. for the suIansS
New-York tribune., 1909-05-23
IN WASHINGTON SOCIETY,".

IFrorn Tribune Bureau-I
Washington, May 22--Representattve and Mrs
Weeks have started on automobile trip TO Bos-
ton accompanied by several friends Miss Weeks,
who went to Annapolis to-day, Will start for Bos-
ton on Monday and meet her parents at their
estate at Newton. Representative and Mrs Weeks
will return here soon. to remain until the ad-
tournment of Congress. and will then go abroad
for the summer.
number Of the younger members OF society
left here to-day for Annapolis to see play writ
ten and produced by the cadets Miss Weeks. the
Misses Wright. Miss Irving and a number OF other
young women were in the party
Mr. and Mrs. Thomas f Walsh VIII leave here
tomorrow night for Colorado. and will open their
estate between Denver and Colorado Springs for
the summer. They will be accompanied by their
sOn-in-law and daughter, Mr.. and Mrs Ned Nc
Lean.
Mr. and Mrs John 3. Henderson are preparing
to close their house here the hrst week In June
and go to Geneyrie. their cottage at Bar Harbor,
for the summer.
Mrs. Stephen B. EIHins has returned to Wash
ington from a short visit IN New York Shs will
close her house here Congress adjour1s
and 60 to Hallehurst her country place at FL
kns ". Va
New-York tribune., 1909-05-23

Greeks of both European and Asiatic Turkey.
and that King of Greece" might be interpreted
to mean kingship over all the area of anclehI
Greece, including. of course, Macedonia
1t is understood that Great Britain and other
powers take Turkeys view Of the case and ad-
wise that Ferdinand shall be called king OF
Bulgaria" Austria Hungary and Germany, now
ever, support Ferdinand's pretensons. and there
is reason TO expect that these will in the END
prevail. Ferdinand will probably insist upon
the title of his choice. and since no power was
inclined to run the risk Of a breach Of the peace
in preventing the far more serious ct of Bull
garia in grabbing Eastern Rumelia and pro
claiming Independence there is no reason to
expect that any will now seriously hold out
against this later and lesser act Of tttular ar
rnCatinn
New-York tribune., 1909-05-23
THE DIPLOMATIC CORPS.

LFrorn Tho Tribune Bureau.
WASHINGTON May 22.-The Danish Minister has
gone to Lancaster, Mass to join his wife Count
ess MoItke and their infant child, who are the
guests Of Mr.. and Mrs Thayer, the parents OF
the countess. On the return OF Count Motke next
week he will be accompanied by Countess Moltke'
who will aII some social engagements made be
fore her departure for Boston, ten days ago.
Senior Don BaIbino DavaIos, formerly first sec
retary OF the Mexican Embassy in London has
arrived In Washington to serve as charge oar
flares for Mexico until the return OF the anoas-
sador, who IS abroad with his family
Sefor Don Cesar BarrancO. of the Cuban Lesa-
ton, has gons on a business trip to California for
the legation.
The French military attache and Countess de
Chambrun have gone to Hot Springs for visit
Of several weeks.
New-York tribune., 1909-05-23
THE CABIN EFT.
1Erom rhs T1thuna bureau ]

.TFrou The Tdbane Bursaul
Washington MAY 22.-The Attorney General anu
Mrs wickersham are entertaining for re" oaS ;
their son-in-law and daughter, Mr. and MIS- Al
bert Aiken. OF New York. who will be mere ul'H
the first of next week.
The Secretary Of War has accepted an Invitation
70 attend the dedication exercises on May 81 OF
the National Monument erected at Gettysburg III
honor of the regular soldiers who took part III
the battIe there. Miss Helen Taft VIII uIveli 1ne
monument on their arrival here tomorrow the
sacratarv OF War and Mrs. Dickinson will go 70
the home OF the Chief of Staff and Mrs. J. Franklin
Bell at Fort Nyer where they will remain ufitil
they select a permanent home for themselves or
90 to Belle Meade. Nashville, Tenn, for the sum
New-York tribune., 1909-05-23
4 GOOD CHANGE OF NAME.

Tennyson's scornful fling at the Parsians of
his day for changing the names of their streets
comes apty TO mind at almost every proposal
of an alteration in local nomenclature. Gen
orally speaking. such changes are not TO be
commended and sometimes they are TO be con-
demned with all possible severity Our own city
contains more blazing examples of the worst of
the latter class. No censure could be TOO strong
for such perversities as the changing of the his
foric and patriotic names Of Chatham street and
Iaurens street. respectively, 10 the egregiOus
Inisncmer of Park Row and 10 the banal South
Fifth avenue. And there are others.
The changing of the name Of the Pacific ter
minal of the Panama Canal which. according
10 The Canal Record has just been officially
ordered. is. however. welcome exception TO the
general rule. We may say unhesitatingly that
the change is well made that the new name is
probably the best which could have been cho-
sen and that the manner in which the change
has heen brought about is particularly felici-
fous The old name La Boca. was indeed suf-
ficiently euphonious and convenient and its
meaning appropriate. But there was no
more reason for calling that end of the canal
'''The Month" than the other end. or than the
mouth of the Chagres River or the Rio Grande
or any of a thousand other spots. The new
name Of Ralbaa is admirably significant of one
Of the great incidents in the history OF the
1StEInus ana appropriately colnplelnentS the
name Of CristObal Colon or Christopher Column
bus, which has been given to the other end OF
the canal If. now. the name of Cortez were
bestowed upon some salient feature Of the canal
route-f0r example, upon the great cut through
she hills. instead Of the meaningless and com
rnoaelace Culebra-we should have commemo-
rated suit3bly the three greatest men in the
early history Of the isthmus: The man who
FIRST explored ifs Caribbean coast the man who
first crossed if TO the Pacific and the man who
first surveyed the route and prepared the plan
OF the Panama Canal.
There is additional gratification in the crcum-
stance that the suggestion of the change of
nsme which has how been effected came from
Or. Pardo- lately the enlightened and progress
sire President Of Peru and always a warm
friend Of the United States The historical IN
terest OF Peru II Balboa Is, Of course, very
New-York tribune., 1909-05-23
COLLECTED st2o DUTY IN t2o YEARS.
on The Baltimore Sun

tT0m The BALTIMORE Sun
All sorts Of mental anguish have resulted at a
little port not far from New York from the colsc-
ton Of 81 in duties the first customs recefDts
since the Revolution The Treasury Department
will not reveal the name OF tho port or of the Col
lector, but here his wall
ON pipe which came through the malls on or
about January l, 1908 the value of which was de-
ClaTed to be g. imitation meerschauIn, duties
amounting 81 20 collected at the rate of go
per cent ad vaorern. AS this Office has prob
ably never collected any duty before since the
Revolutionary War, we not equipped with
catalogue No, 635 and are therefore not able
strictly TO comply with the apparent regulations
ia making return OF this amount
The and tear upon nervous system
growing out OF the anxiety as to how I should
dispose this 81 20 has been more serious TO me
than bushel basket full of pipes would compen-
safe for
New-York tribune., 1909-05-23
sEcRErARy MEYER,s NAEAL POLICIES.


When Mr. Meyer assumed charge Of the Navy
Department he was confronted not only with q
number of problems which had engaged the at
tention Of his predecessors, but also with evi-
dences of dissatisfaction with certain measures
which though adopted by the last administra-
ton. had not yet gone into effect. That he might
determine whether or not the protests against
the policies of Mr.. Newberry were reasonable
he suspended the orders intended 10 make those
policies operative and convened a board of Off
GERS to consider the points at issue. His adj
visers not having been unanimous in their sug-
gestions he has decided to postpone action until
he can himself institute more elaborate in
vestigation.
Under the circumstances the Secretary could
not well do otherwise Mr.. Meyer must assume
the full responsibility for the administration OF
his department. 1t is only just, therefore, that
his acts should be based on his own convictions,
and these should be reached intelligently. Sew
eral months will probably eapse before he can
inform himself fully in regard to the opinion Of
American naval officers and the practice of for
eign powers. The delay results primarily from
a governmental system which provides for a
transfer of authority at frequent intervals. As
Mr. Meyer announces that the efficiency of the
fleet is to be the first consideration with him.
the country will wait without impatieDce for a
choice Of the means by which he will seek to
attain the end in view.
New-York tribune., 1909-05-23
SOCIAL NOTES FROM NEwPoRF-
IBy Telegraph 70 RE tribune

rBy Telegraph 70 re AEIU@--- -.Ss
nzau-port Nav e2-Mr. and Mrs Henry -
a. - h. bs~I. IN Newport this summer y
announced to-day that they had
Eldridss cottage on Ochre Point pa-<sr-
Miss Jeanne Wallach, daughter OF Ais. . 5,-,ns
U-auacb- will be introduced 70 society hsls -
the present summer. 1888
Mr.. and Mrs Livingston kean- OF W. ~
are visiting Mr.. and Mrs Sidnsy Wensrsi IA
Barton Wiling has returned TO PhnaAslpniA-
Will return here for the season soon r-il,. hsd
II is reported to-day that John ". H.,,s-1s ave
lea sed of the BrlsH cottas7S ."
for the summer