davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Atlanta semi-weekly journal. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1898-1920, 1909-08-24
nv ]. v. KNIGHT,

OMAHA, Neb., Aug. I9.-The corn
crop of the United States this year win
be the largest ever harvested. 1t COW
ers an area OF 110,O0O,OOO acres, and
the yield will be 5000, 100000 bushels.
Figures mean little when considered
in the light of this 1909 corn crop.
"rhe priceless gift of the Indian" as
Secretary Wilson calls corn, is waving
it's tassels over the largest part OF the
middle west-an area that would make
a belt of emerald stalks seven miles
wide around the equator; a territory
tnree-quarters as large as France or
Germany, and So per cent greater than
England, Ireland and Scotland COM
bined; an expand large enough to allow
double-track railway from earth to
mars!
Its mighty hot" one farmer re-
marks to another hereabouts when they
meet.
That's so, but it's mighty fine corn
weather." is tne comforting reply.
Greatest of all cereal crops, corn
comes last in the category OF harvests.
The billion two hundred millions of dol
lars that the farmers will get for their
corn this year, in one form or another,
shows the remarkable power of the
farmer in economy. When he raises
wheat he raises it entirely to sell. But
wnen the farmer harvests corn his
methods Immediately become those or
the business man. He will market
only 20.3 per cent this year in cereal
form. .f
The other 1917 per cent he manufac-
lures into beef and pork. On the mar
velous yield depends the huge traffic
of the packing houses and the solution
or the worlds food problem.
Lean range cattle are snatched up
by the corn raiser, VINO fattens them
with his own corn during the winter.
Inen they are sent in prime market
condition to the packing house centers,
and the farmer not only gets his profit
firm his corn, BUT AN ADDED
PROFIT FOR THE BEEF HE SELLS,
Atlanta semi-weekly journal. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1898-1920, 1909-08-24

and trash than would otherwise be the
case. If possible, we would use fer
tiliZer containing a liberal amount OF
phosphates and potash as the pea draws
heavily on these two elements of plant
food Two hundred pounds of acid
phosphate with 90 pounds of muriate OF
potash will not be too much to use on
lands tnat are fairly heavy and of
clay character Where the land is
sandy more potash may be used, and
probably more phOsphates also.
AS a rule, experiments have not
shown that peas need incubation.
Large seed crops of the legumes like
the pea seem to have enough of the
bacteria attached to the seed to insure
their developing a sufficient number or
nodules Sometimes this may not be
the case the first year. but If planted
on the same land the next year plenty
Of nodules will form. You can, or
course, inoculate a pea field by scatter
ing 100 pounds or more of earth from
a field where they have grown success
fully over the surface Of the ground
and narrowing it in. We would much
prefer this method to using an artirl-
ciaI culture judging from the experience
we have had in the past.
Atlanta semi-weekly journal. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1898-1920, 1909-08-24
HIGH PRICE FOR
COTTON THIS FALL
Prospect for Yield Was Never
Worse in the Delta and South
west-Prosperity for the South
As a Result.

All eyes in the south are now on cotton.
A crop whose estimated value is $500 000,-
! 900, or as great as that Of wheat, will
| soon be on the market in large quantities,
and the prosperity Of the entire south de-
ponds on the price it will bring.
That 1t will be high, despite speculative
manipulations, is now generally believed.
In the southwest including Mississippi,
Louisiana, Oklahoma, Arkansas, parts Of
Texas. and Alabama south of Montgom-
cry, the richest cotton territory in the
south, the crop is as bad as it has ever
been.
The prospect east of Alabama is better,
but this viii not keep the crop as a whole
from being worse perhaps than in ten
years. The recent government condition
report was not exaggerated, If anything
It gave the crop better condition than 1t
had, and that report was of the worst
prospect in years.
The whole belt suffered from rain, and
this was especially true west of Alabama
and those sections which did not so suf-
fer went to the other extreme of too
much drouth. Cotton that is handicapped
by weather conditions in many instances
through the southwest is suffering from
the boil weevil.
The plant is generally late, a condition
wat AtSAAAS III TIE the
yield when frost forms.
People who have recently been in the
Delta report that conditions there and
in the southwest are little short of dis
astrous.
Cotton was quoted in Atlanta yesterday
at IL l-2 cents. There is no predicting
the limit to which It will go, as no crop
OF recent years has been as bad as the
present one seems likely to be- Mean
while the demand for cotton and cotton
products has increased the world over,
and the foreign yield has for some reason
never been able TO compete with the
American.
Business the country over feels the eff
feet Of cotton, and this of course is par
ticularly true of the south. No interest
here is not affected by 1t.
Coupled with the prospective high
prices of cotton in the south, are the
bumper corn and wheat crops of the
west, with the price of wheat already
high. There is every reason to believe
that the farmer will bring back the
nations prosperity.
Atlanta semi-weekly journal. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1898-1920, 1909-08-24

lieve that the farmers win not De disap-
pointed in their hopes for corn. In Texas
and Oklahoma the bumper crop was in
1908, with a combined acreage of Il, 162, 200
larger than last years. Despite a long
drouth, yet unbroken, in these states, the
farmers are optimistic. Oklahoma is a
cctton-corn state, the the farmers are
optimistic, with a value of not less than
$50, 600, 900.
In Kansas and Nebraska, sarge corn
states, previous estimates have seemed
too high. Acreage was considered as OF
March 1 by estimators, VINO FAILED to no
tice big losses by floods later in the corn
season. Despite these conditions. the
yield for Kansas and this state will be
about 5O4,O00,OO0 bushels, with acreages OF
$4,000 and 1926, 900 in Kansas and Ne
braska respectively. These figures on
yield are based on high averages in these
states for ten years past, as the condition
of the crop is above normal. These aver
ages of yield per acre for ten years have
been 29.9 bushels for Kansas and S4.1 for
this state.
No more enthusiastic battle against
weather was made this year than by the
corn farmers in Iowa. Corn is the main
stay of that state, which hopes to take
the lead this year over Illinois in the
matter of acreage. One-fourth of the
crop will be unsatisfactory, but the bal
ance is in Al condition. Although the
crop is now two weeks behind, due to re-
planting during floods, the weather Is
looked to by farmers to keep the corn
yield up. Without further ram In Iowa,
Illinois and northern Missouri, the crop
can be made" But any additional Au-
gust rains will help II greatly, because
the plant is not deeply rooted.
what do you big farmers do with your
money! The Journal correspondent ask
ed Abner Funk, OF Bloomington, ILL.,, that
Atlanta semi-weekly journal. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1898-1920, 1909-08-24

states biggest corn raiser.
why, we put it back into land, OF
course" he said.
Mr.. Funk owns and operates five farms
near Bloomington. There's not a single
stalk of corn I'd throw OUT" he said,
pointing to a 1,000-acre field. They're
all standing up as straight as soldiers on
dress parade"
One automobile salesman sold s21o0na
worth OF machines in Pawnee county,
Kansas, this season. Records of the Paw
nee county auditor show that 800 farmers
are paying automobile licenses.
In Taykio, Mo-, is the largest single
field of corn in the world. It covers 5000
acres and is owned by David Rankin.
a millionaire corn raiser and cattle breed.
er. Mr.. Rankin is one Of the richest far
mers in America He has figured out
what 1t costs to raise bushel OF corn.
His cultivators are drawn BY Missouri
mules, and when they start. 45 cuItiva-
tors, two mules to each, and one man
astride a mule on each machine, the pro-
cession goes in a straight line across Mr..
Rankin's fields six miles before making
turn.
Rankin was one Of the first to see that
cattle feeding was the real profit-msking
work of the farmer. and that corn raising
only was an incident.
II buy 100000 worth of feed every year
besides what raise to I'll! my demands"
he says.
The flood and drouth in the beginning
Of the banner corn season has taught
the farmers a great lesson.
More tile drains will be laid and more
low corn ground reclaimed from food In
the middle west this year than ever be-
fore. bitches and drainage are nothing
to the corn farmer nowadays-he has
money and great prosperity ahead OF him.
Atlanta semi-weekly journal. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1898-1920, 1909-08-24
SAY JAMES SMITH
KEPT NEGROI IN IRONS

Charged with kidnapping a negro who
ran away from the farm of James Nj.
Sm4.A, once a candidate Tor governor
and a wealthy planter of Oglethorpe
county, Sim Rouse, a negro, alleged
agent Of Smiths, was bound over to the
state courts. by Recorder Pro Tenn Pres
ton Saturday afternoon under a $1,000
pond.
Sensational testimony was introduced
at the trial to show that negroes were
held on the Smith farm for indefinite
periods of time without pay, and tina.
they were treated In the same manner
as convicts. Many blacks who had
been on the farm were present, and
stated that when they made any effort
co leave, they were whipped unmerci-
fully and put in chains.
julius Rucker, who ran away from
the farm sometime ago was handcuffed
here and forced to return there this
week by Rouse, the defendant, accord
ing to the evidence.
Becky Rucker, an old negro woman,
the mother Of julius Rucker, testified
that she was on the farm for If years.
and that while there received no pay
for her services. She said she was not
a convict. She declared that when her
son was forced to return with Rouse.
no warrant was produced to take him
away.
Attorney Charles ]. Moore represented
the prosecution, having been employed by
a number of negroes who claim to have
at some time been on the farm, and he
introduced several witnesses who swore
they were forced to work on the Ogle-
thorpe farm for a number of years with
out remuneration. They declared they
were not convicts.
KEPT THERE IA YEARS.
Beckie Rucker was the first to testify.
She said she ran away from the farm
about three months ago, after having
been kept there fourteen years. She
stated that a white man named Tom
Irwin who is known as Captain Tom,
was the whipping boss of the place, and
that he was there when her son was
taken sway from her several days ago.
She said he wore an officers uniform.
Pearl Lee, another negro woman,
claimed that she was left on the farm
several years ago by her mother, and
that she was whipped three times day
until she was twenty-one years or age.
She stated that she had never been
convict and that she had never received
any nav for her services. She said that
when she left there, she had to slip away
during the night, and that even now she
was afraid she would be kidnapped and
taken back.
Morgan Bailey, a negro, stated that he
was on the farm % years, and that he
was treated just as an ordinary convict
WE'RE HELD ON FARM.
When asked how it happened that they
Atlanta semi-weekly journal. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1898-1920, 1909-08-24

The fall garden is a much neglected in
stltution: Just why, IL would be difficult tn
sey. though Il Is probably due to a fall
ure to appreciate what a luxury IL affords
at but little cost. and how beneficial an
abundance Of vegetables through the fail
and winter will prove TO the health Of the
family. Since the fall garden may large
~ be planted during the comparatively
leisure month of August and early Sep
TENDER before cotton is ready TO pick In
most sections. the excuse OF insufficient
time can not be offered. 1t is probable
that many do not realize what variety
OF vegetables may be grown sufficiently
IN the fall garden. and enumeration OF
them will therefore not be out Of place.
Among the more important crops are
beans, pease, cabbage. caulihower. celery,
ccrn. onions, Irish potatoes, radishes.
spinach, tomatoes and turnips. None or
these crops are difficult to grow and may
be had In abundance in any kitchen gar
den where sufficient care IS taken to pre-
pare the land properly and fertilize 1t.
Occasionally, a very dry summer may in
terfere with the success of the fall gar
den. and in that case II. may be necessary
10 carry some water or arrange for irri-
eating. but in nearly all instances the
rainfall at this season OF the year Is SUI
ficient to insure a good start, and then
n proper cultivation Is given, the crops
VIII take care OF themselves, even II Sep
tember. October and November should
prove TO be very dry.
To insure success with the fall gar
den where the crops must be grown
Quickly in order to make them most PAL
atable. the land should be made rich with
faruyard manure or compost. Many peo-
ME probably do not realize the heavy
draft made on the soil by most crops
grown in the kitchen garden, for If they
did they would certainly use. larger
amounts OF fertilizer than they do al
ureSent. Beans. for instance, which yield
as much as 30 bushels with the straw per
acre require 70 pounds OF nitrogen, s.
pounds OF potash and 30 pounds OF phos-
phorfc acid. The bean in common with
other leEumes will gather a good part OF
the nitrogen needed from the air, but the
potash and phosphoric acid must be sup
nlied In mineral form An application OF
AZ least Is pounds OF muriate OF potash
and 900 pounds OF high-grade acid phos-
nhate per acre would be required TO sup
NV the amounts used by the beans Cab
haze Welding at the rate OF 80 tons OF
mature heads per acre viii require ~
mounds OF nitrogen. 20 pounds OF potash
80 "a mounds OF phosphoric acid rms
v-orId call for an application OF at least
49, rounds Of nitrogen. so pounds OF
nuriate OF potash and so pounds OF aeio
,hosphate. The average gardener PROB
sblv uses a sack or two Of an s-2-z or
Atlanta semi-weekly journal. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1898-1920, 1909-08-24
QUESTION AND ANSWER DEPARTMENT.
Fertilizers for the Fall Garden.

other low-grade fertilizer. and is at a loss
20 know why his crops do not grow more
vigorously and yield better returns fol
the money and labor expended.
What folly to prepare the ground
with care. which unfortunately is not
always done. supply a liberal amount of
vegetable matter, SOW the seed and Gull
tivate the crop carefully, while with
holding the essential mineral food ele-
ments Many who have experienced dis
appointment with the results obtained
in their garden would be astonished
to see what a change would follow the
use Of fertilizers containing larger
amounts OF potash and phosphates, and
IL they can not obtain what they want
in the open market, there is no rea-
son why they should not easily prepare
some mixture for themselves.
In passing IL is proper to say that
all truck crops require heavy fertiliz-
alton as compared with field crops, and
this is probably one reason why tho
kitchen garden has not been found
more satisfactory, especially in the
rural districts. Owing to the wide vari-
alton in plant food required by garden
crops, IL is very diflcult to PROFOUND
rations which are well suited for gen
eral use 1t would. however, be diff
cult IL not impossible for the average
person to mix up a dozen different fer
tilizer formulas for use in the garden,
and while the formulas suggested below
will probably need modification to suit
soil and climatic conditions. they will
probably be found as satisfactory as
any that can be made for work of this
kind. OF course. the leguminous crops
will not need more than one-third Or
one-quarter of the nitrogen suggested,
but the other crops mentioned should
receive a liberal ration of nitrogen be-
cause their flavor and quality will be
largely measured by the rapidity Of
growth obtained.
For garden purposes fertilizer
should contain from 3 to 5 per cent
of rather quickly available nitrogen.
The nitrogen may be used Of course
as a top dressing, but part OF IL at
least should be put under the drill row.
The fertilizer should contain from
to per cent Of phosphoric acid and
from 5 to per cent Of potash. A mix
ture Of 500 pounds of tankage, contain
ing per cent Of nitrogen and IL per
cent Of available phosphoric acid; ZOO
pounds OF acid phosphate, containing Is
per cent Of available phosphoric acid:
500 pounds Of muriate OF potash con-
tanning Is per cent of available nitro
gen would furnish a very good form
ula for most garden crops. This mix
ture would contain about as per cent
Of nitrogen, rs per cent Of phosphoric
acid and rs per cent Of potash.
Atlanta semi-weekly journal. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1898-1920, 1909-08-24
A Delicate Topic
Floridn Times-Union

Henry James, the American novelist lives
at rive, England one of the cinque ports; but
recently he left Rye for a time and took "A
house in the country, near the estate Of a
millionaire jam manufacturer, retired. This
man. having married an earl's daughter, was
ashamed OF the trade whereby he had piled up
his fortune The jam manufacturer one day
wrote Mr. James impudent letter, vowing
that IL was outrageous the way the James SER
wants were trespassing on his grounds. Mr..
James wrote back:
"Dear Sir: / am very sorry TO hear that my
servants have been poaching on your preserves.
"P S-You'll excuse my mentioning your pre-
serves, won't your
Atlanta semi-weekly journal. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1898-1920, 1909-08-24

AND STILL ANOTHER PROFIT ON
THE WEIGHT OF THE BONES or
THE STEER, FOR HE PAID LITTLE
OR NOTHING FOR THEM, YET HIS
CORN HAS MADE THEM AUTOMAT-
ICALLY INCREASE IN VALUE
THROUGH NO LABOR OF HIS OWN.
That is the principle on which the
big corn raiser began to feed live stock
Nowadays he finds another way 20 make
an extra profit. Though corn viii be
made cheaper than normal by the
heavy yield, the price of beef is going
steadily upward, and the price OF
range cattle is still low.
After a fortnight spent in the corn
country" there is every reason to be-
Atlanta semi-weekly journal. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1898-1920, 1909-08-24

Is also necessary and one ton OF unslaked
caustic lime per acre can be used to ad-
vantage.
Alfalfa is a very fine crop when a good
stand Of It is obtained. as 1t may be cut
from three to four times a year. yielding
at each cutting from "a to l 10 tons of
cured hay. 1t should be cut when just
coming into bloom, and makes a feed al
most as rich as wheat bran in digestibie
protein. 1t is a difficult and expensive
crop to establish on lands that are not
naturally very rich. but IL you succeed in
securing a piece of IL, 1t will be a fine
investment and give you good crops for
several years to come.
Atlanta semi-weekly journal. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1898-1920, 1909-08-24
FATHER AND SON DEAD
AND MOTHER Is DYING

NEW YORK, Aug. PA giant auto
mobile containing George MacLean, his
wife, his son, mis- daughter, two girl
guests and his chauffeur, all of Chicago,
swerved from the roadway and crashed
against a telegraph pole four miles soutl'
Atlanta semi-weekly journal. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1898-1920, 1909-08-24
QUERIES ANSWERED
MANAGEMENT OF ALFALFA


C T. W., Gainesville. Ga. writes L
sowed some alfalfa in March and got a
fair stand. but Il looks like II cannot i've.
n rot up five or six inches high, ana
s,ovwed a. but IL does not seem 70 start
again Would you let II stand 90 SEE u
n vril come next spring. put stable ma
nure on Il in the spring and a coat OF
lime.
vou don't say whether your alfalfa Is
,sfiour IN color or not. II II Is, the trou-
bla might be due TO one OF two things
II Is possibly the result Of alfalfa rust
which often occurs In the east, especial-
iy when there is a heavy rain fan, as you
have probably had In your section OF the
state this season. Or the trouble may De
6ue 40 a deficiency OF nitrogen in the
sofl or TO the fact that land is not inoc-
mated with the bacteria which live in
the little knots forming on the roots OF
All ieguminous crops and give them the
power OF gathering nitrogen from the air.
We would suggest that you examine the
roots Of the plants and see II the little
knots appear on them. II not, you can be
assured the alfalfa is not gathering any
nitrogen from the air and is therefore
starving to death. Under the circum-
stances there is nothing you can do ex-
cent to keep the crop clipped close. You
let Il get too high in the beginning be-
fore clipping IL. and II would be little use
70 plant alfalfa on land that has not been
fallOwed and is free OF weeds. We think
Il woud be best for you 70 pillow up the
alfalfa, cultivate the land very carefully
this summer. and pillow under a coat Of
well rotted farmyard manure. and use
plenty OF phosphates and potash, at least
800 pounds OF is per cent acid phosphate
and 100 pounds OF muriate Of potash. We
would also advise you to inoculate the
land This may be accomplished by Sc
curing 100 to 200 pounds of earth from a
field where alfalfa or sweet clover has
grown successfully. and scatter over the
surface OF the ground before seeding and
work IN with a harrow. Lining of alfalfa
Atlanta semi-weekly journal. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1898-1920, 1909-08-24

Americas Hugest Crop Waving It's Tasse Today Over Acre
age Would Make Double Track Right of Way to the
Mars-The Will Feed 80 Per Cent of to the
Stock That Way-Three Hundred
the Pawnee County Kan, Farmers Own Automobiles.
Atlanta semi-weekly journal. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1898-1920, 1909-08-24

LEADING VARIETIES OF COWPEAS.
]. r. NJ, Macon, Ga, writes: What
is the best variety OF peas to plant for
improving the soil, and also for a crop
of hay? Should they be sown broad
cast or put in burrows and cultivated?
What kind and how much fertilizer
should be used? Can either the peas
or the soil be inoculated and is it nee
essaryY
There are several excellent varieties
OF cowpeas on the market Among
these may be mentioned the whippoor-
will, Iron, Clay. Wonderful, Red Ripper,
Crowder and Lady. The WhippoorwtIl
is one of the best general-purpose. va
rieties to grow, though 1T is not so
vigorous as the Clay or the Wonderful.
With long seasons, such as we have
here, we would not hesitate to plant
either one OF the latter for hay maxi
ing purposes. On land where any trou-
BILE is experienced from the wilt, It 1s
best to use the Iron as this variety is
more resistant to this disease than any
other variety developed up to this time
For ourselves we prefer to plant peas
in drills even for hay-mal1ing purposes.
we would use an ordinary grain drill
for this purpose. Some prefer not to
stop up any of the tubes, but we would
stop up two out Of every three, thus
planting the peas in rows about "a
inches apart. We would cultivate
lightly with the weeder or harrow and
later with a two-horse cultivator until
the peas begin to cover the ground.
You can save the seed by this practice
and we think get a more vigorous
growth OF vines much freer from weeds
Atlanta semi-weekly journal. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1898-1920, 1909-08-24

less the trouble is more deep-seated than
1t appears to be from the description con-
tanned in your letter.
Atlanta semi-weekly journal. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1898-1920, 1909-08-24

Your mare has probably taken a bad
cold from being overheated and exposed
to cold and wet. 1t is not uncommon for
these colds to manifest themselves in sta
hles where horses are kept together, and
while they may not be dangerous, they
often are infectious. The best treatment
is TO give rest and comfortable quarters
for a few days. The animals should be
kept out OF drafts and a small table,
spoonful OF saltpetre or nitrate of potash
added to the drinking water once daily
Steam the head and spray the nostrils
once daily with solution OF boric acid
two drains. and warm water. Laxative
and easily digested foods should be sup
piled. It will probably be good practice
to give a mild purgative, say one and a
half pounds of EPSON salts at the begin
ming Of the treatment. This may be fol-
lowed with a tonic or condition powder
made up as follows: SuIphate of iron, 4
ounces; nitrate of potash, ? ounces; gin
ger root, ounces: gentian roov, ounces.
and nux vomica seed, ounces. Pulverize
and mix thoroughly and give a teaspoon
full in the feed, three times daily. Com
plete rest and care for a few days with
this treatment should effect a cure I'M