davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1909-05-19
THE COWPEA.
T.. f.. Miller I'm Progressive Farmer.

The cowpea Is a child OF the South
a lover OF the sun. shrinking away at
the first breath of winter or the
slightest touch of frost. but. growing
sreen and fresh and vigorous, lifting
new leaves toward the sky, sending
cut new tendrils in all directions
through all the heat of the long, fer
vld summer days. And when the soil
has become warm and the breezes stir
lazily with their load of sunshine, how
rapidly It grows and how quickly it
changes the bare stretches Of up-turn-
cd earth into swards OF tangled YER.
dure, dense. deep-glowing. fruitful,
fun OF promise.
Ah. wonderfully full Of promise:
FcI the slopes over. which the cowpca
has grown are not only rich with the
food OF herds and flocks. with potter =
tial fat porkers and ripening steers.
Ehcral-uddered COWS and frolicsome
colts and calves and lambs ana pigs
growing through all their days of
rlch-fcd contentment into early ana
vigorous maturity. They yield also a
stranger and more significant fruit
age. Wherever the cowpea grows
there follows-as if I'm some tale OF
magic from past crcdulous years-a
soil richer and more productive for all
that has been taken from If.
Those fields where the copea grew
and spread and fruitcd and fed the
hungry stock are. by reason of that
very fact. ready To grow corn taller
and greener and more heavily laden
with dropping ears. harvests of ripen-
Ing grain. deeper and Of richer hue.
cotton more bountifully covered with
the snowy locks whose whiteness com
merce changes into gold. 1t IS one Of
natures everyday miracles Of good
ness that this plant should reach into
the air and gather from II the ether
cal food that Is to feed future harvests !
and through these harvests the beasts
OF the field. and man himself.
Truly. we OF the South have de-
spised the precious gift bestowed us
the magic-working plant which, like
the tabled fountain of youth, restores
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1909-05-19

The letter OF Mr. +. III. McMaster.
4fs:e Insurance Commissioner. which
Ue publish today Is one that the busl-
ness men OF Sumter should read with
care and consideration. 1t directs
ther attention to a matter that is of
Importance and suggests means of
Keeping at home O large amount Of
mopey that under present conditions
n now cent out OF the state. 1t would
he neither practicable nor advisable
Tor a mutual fire insurance company
% larry all or a large part OF the fire
risks OF community OF The size of
sumter. but II would he feasible for
mutual company to carry ten to
twenty per cent OF the risks at saw
ing 20 the property owners. The his
tori cf welf managed mutual COM
paIi Is proof that theirs is an in
wiling field for such company In
'Surater and we trust that the matter
o>'trganizins a mutual In Sumter will
bc undertaken at an early day.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1909-05-19
irE.NT BEALER MURDERED.


lst. Paul. Minn.. May i3.-Louis Ar
bogast. meat dealer was found with
mis- skull crushed in his home early to-
day. The police say no arrests have
been made. Arbogasts eldest daugh-
ter. Louise. aged "a. and her sweet
heart. Henry Spangenbcrg. were taken
to the central police station this after
noon. where they were closely ques-
tioned for several hours. Mrs. Arbo-
gast who ~ suffcrins from prostra-
tion. IL being cared for IN a hospital
The police claim 10 be- confident that
the murder was committed by some
ot the occupants OF the house. as all
OF the doors and windows. they assert
were found the way they had been
left when the family retired.
Mr.. Arbogast's poCkotbook and
watch were found unmolested on the
dresser. Nclghbors stated that they
ahought Mr.. Arbogast frequently quar-
reiled with his family.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1909-05-19

There is good reason for believing
that the moon wass torn out of the
earth, the Pacific ocean being possib-
ly the remaining scar and it appears
that the strong fragments Pref. 7. c.
Chamberlin thinks may have beer
projected into space in the great cat
aclysm are even now returning as
meteorites. OF the two chief classes
Of meteorites the stony ones are
found by Prof w. II. Pickering to be
all explained by this theory, while
some of the iron ones seem to be as
scciated with comets and star showers,
coming from more distant regions OF
space, and falling with greater velo-
city. The meteoric stones and irons
are about equally represented in mu-
seums. Many more stones are actual
ly seen to fall, however, and as they
soon decompose and are not easily
recognized. they may have been more
numerous in the past than now. O.
the tWcntY-nine elements found in
moteorites, all are terrestrial.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1909-05-19

British newspapers are. of course,
correct in declaring that the expense
of laying down eight Dreadnoughts
at once is small compared to what the
cost Of war would be. The expendi-
ture of materials and human energy
III order to keep the British navy
twice as strong as any other-provid-
ed Mr.. Balfour's prophecy is correct
that Germany will have twenty-one
ships of the Dreadnought class in 1912
is appalling enough. capital ship
of this class costs in the neighborhood
Of $10,000,000. This is more than the
entire endowment of Yale University,
more than is spent on our department
OF agriculture. including the forest
service and ali the departments work
in protecting people against impure
food, insect pests, and in developing
improved methods of farming. Two
12-inch guns of the type put on the
United States ship Delaware. for in
stance. would, indeed. almost pay for
the net cost Of carins Cor our national
forests for a year
Congress iHfused two winters ago
to appropriate $4,000. 00O for the es-
tahlishment Of the Appalachian and
White Mountain reserves which
would save thousands of square miles
OF land from desolation. Every Dread
nought costs ag much as some forty
model tenements. or 1000 village
school houses. or all the school build
ires Of Baltimore and Cleveland put
together, or OF all the fire-fghting
equipment in forty-three imnortant
American cities, or all the municipaI
aSylums, almshouses and hospitals i'm
al the 146 cities &C from 25.00O to
100000 people. The engenious Mr.
Chesterton suggests that the trouble
between England and Germany is that
they agree OH the unimportant thing
ships. and disagree on the impor-
tant things-beliefs. In the things Of
lie and love they are separated. in the
things of death and blood they initiate
each other. OF ocurs@. as he points
out they cannot combine on mere
peace; there must he some affection
o. creed on which to combine.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1909-05-19
SECOND APPLICATION OF FER.
TILIZER.
Sometimes 1t May Pay; Oftencr II
Will Not.

Messrs. Editors: In The Progress
sive Farmer of April 29th, was an ar
Iticle headed: "Fertillze When Plant
ing" This article did not say how the
fertilizer was to be applied. If broad
casted. there might be no mistake.
1t applied in the drill. / think it is a
mistake, as some results from Lin
coin County show There is a danger
of stimulating too much stalk growth
by applying all in the drill before
planting. 1t, necessarily. requires more
moisture to support a very large stalk
than a medium-sized stalk. When dry
weather sets in. in July and August,
and fertilizer Is exhausted, corn will
fire and fail to develop ears.
On an acre literally supplied with
stable manure in the fall of 1907, and
sown to rye, was used a bag Of S-4
II. and planted to corn CATER rye
was cut and land turned) in the
spring Of 1908. This looked fine dur
ing the growing peroid, grew stalks as
thick as a mans arm at wrist. Its
yield was three guano sacks full of
ears-almost an entire failure.
On another field where about 100
pounds of S--2-2 was used at plant
ing time, and 100 pounds of the same
on part of field when corn was waist
high. as second application. the part
ot field where second application was
given made a two-horse load from
every six rows. while on the part with
out second application 1t required
eight rows to make a similar load
on another field the land was d-
yided into 8 equal parts, on No, ali
the fertilizer was used before plant
ing. On No. 9 half at planting and
half at knee-high stage On No. 8,
half at kneehigh stage and half at
shoulder~high stage. The same
amount was used on each plot. No. 3
made the most corn.
have observed that on fields where
fertilizer was broadcasted with drill
before planting the corn made a
steady growth. stood the drouth well
and made fine corn. Possibly there
Is no mistake in putting in all before
planting, provided we broadcast it.
From observation and experience
I'm led to believe it extravaganza to
use 1t at all unless we have humus in
the soil to hold the moisture.
Il. Il. SULLIVAN.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1909-05-19

and refreshes and re-ferti,izes our
SOILS bringing to even the aged and
long, barren fields a more than virgin
capacity for fruitfulness--the opulent
friend that with inexhaustible liberali-
ty offers to the farmer on one hand
the richness OF its own productivity
and on the other the more abiding
wealth of an increased fertility of the
soil from which its sustenance was
drawn.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1909-05-19
AT WORK BUILDING rREsrrEs,


according TO the latest reports re-
~sivsd here she work on the three
<fFe&< tresties which the Atlantic Coast
Line Railroad rs at present construct
}pr over the Pee-Dee santee and sa-
~@nnah rivers. on Its main line. is
44exFsneing rapidly. but II will be sew
80 nonths before the new structures
e& oompleted. These tresties. con-
Vocted OF steel and concrete. will
tho place OF the wooden trestles
~ ~ use. and will be great Inn
l~renent over the latter In every re-
"A uestles VIII be able to carry an
fs>.u1, )us weight. and to withstand
iin'rs't any rising current by reason of
thfir fconstruction. which In bridge
enuiic ng pariance Is known as the
roniblnation structure. 1. O.. the piers
Wi e constructed alternately of con-
crt'e and steel Each pier. no wever.
Nhhther made OF steel or concreate,
S1H ave solid concreate foundation.
IL ~ 1sr 20 obtain the best results the
ecrein<sss now carrying on the wrox
fof construction are driving hundreds
ref n ~ into the river beds, a work
crriiclt In ft~elf viii take up consider
a'ioo rlme. Afser the piles hav been
sunk deep enough the concreate Is
flared on top. and above this platform
rires The steel or concreate pier.
a 3reat deal depends upon the wa
ser on sitions In the foundation work
\ re shet like The one experienced last
lau sh the santee and Pee-Dee. will.
~. rsnrsss rotard the construction In
i'Dc Nncertain way The trestles are
teelng built near the following points.
One above Florence. across the Pee
Dec River. between Pee-Dee and Wi
uoh4. one over the Santee River. be-
ANcsn Gourdin and 81. stephens; one
over the savannah River. near Har-
drrellie. The trestle over the Pee
f'ee will be little over one mile I'm
te-;hth. the one over the Santee, about
three miles long. and that over the
<at,innah. between two and three
lupes. II Is stated thut perhaps the
NET trestles may not be opened for
transportation purposes before year
frota date.
saperintendent Murchison. Of the
atAntic Coast Line. stated yesterday
fhtt the laying OF the S5-pound rail
'tivecn Charleston and Florence. i'm
mice of the lighter rail now in use.
,slr also progressing very rapidly.
sNfse construction crews are working
~ 9th ends Of the line, The work on
thi, and has already been completed TO
Mrunt Sfoily. II Is as yet not known
e'en juncture VIII have been made
1 he two crcws.--News and Courier.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1909-05-19
The heatlng of a greenhouse by th

The heating of a greenhouse by tht
sun is usually explained by the fact
that glass permits the passage Of light
rays. but is almost impenetrable t.
heat rays. so that as the light falling
upon the enclosed objects is convert
ed into heat and partially reflected.
the reflected rays cannot escape
through the glass. Thus the heat ac-
cumulates. To test this long establish
ed theory. Prof. r. w. Wood black
cncd two pasteboard boxes, and cover
ed one with plate Of salt. which
readily conducts both light and heat.
and the other with glass. The salt
rooted box became even warmer than
the other, this being tried also when
the heat was first filtered from sun
shine through glass. The conclusion is
that the ground and other objects are
heated by incident rays, and that this
heat is then spread 10y convection cur
rents but. as the confined air can not
mix and circulate with outer air. il
concentrates a large amount of heat.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1909-05-19
Some Random Thoughts.

l wish 10 commend to- our readers
the prose poem. "The Cow Pea" and
the vista OF rich fields fat stock and
general thrift IL pictures. know some
will say. my land is pea sick" To all
such the answer is apply potash. -
Having been through "the pea sick"
experience as bad or worse than
ever saw IL elsewhere. and cured it by
the liberal use of potash and home
made manures, with rotation OF crops,
think know the remedy-and that
the disease can be cured.
pea sick land' Is land that has
been pumped dry of available potash
and phosphoric acid. by continual
grain and pea cropping without proper
enthusiastically two much ammon-
iates and too little potash and phos-
phoric acid.
Heavy applications of stable man
ure or well composted barn yard man
pre with cotton seed or cotton seed
meal and potash. makes a wonderful
difference In the pea growth the Sec
ond year. Probably attributable to
the filling Of the soil with bacteria
by the stable manure or compost.
have not the figures where can
reproduce them. but the removal of
ton of peavine' hay from an acre
takes away more potash and phos-
ph6-ic acid than any farmer, except
the truckers ever replaces. Corn and
oa,s also remove large amounts OF
the same elements of plant food. con-
seauently II takes only few years on
some soils of constant corn. oats. and
pea growing to produce pea sickness.
1t Is easier to guard against this
condition than to cure it when once
tho land Is exhausted.
OF course, there may be instances
where drainage Is needed and lining
would help. but the thoughts above
apply to well drained lands and most
OF us know Of some such that are said
to be "pea sick"
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1909-05-19

lt Is charged in the New York pa
pers that Statewide prohibition in
Georgia has made walking saloons of
the negroes" who quit work To make
i've dollars 4 day pedding noxious
connections at Il nickel a drink. But
if Georgia likes that sort of thing whc
shau object? Whether the charge he
true or not. the result thus described
would he exactly i'm ine with the e.
fort 10 break up the resorts i'm the
tenderloin of the big city-the disease
that had been isolated and under
guardianship escaped to scatter the
infection throughout the community.
Jacksonville Times-Union.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1909-05-19

The incandescent gas mantle is
modified into a heating radiator by
Marcel Delage, a Paris engineer. \
tube of asbestos thread, of open mesh.
formed on the same mold as the gas
mantle, and is cut to proper length
and the top drawn together to form n
head. Greater solidity is given by
dipping into slicate Of soda, then dry
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1909-05-19


features
The be nauguated
Practical Farmers
aim To
Also publish
gnal articles
appreciated md
be of
All communications this Department
Mayesvile, s.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1909-05-19
Beautiful Spanish Dancer
Gives Praise to Pe-Yu-na.

NERVOUS prostration is usually the
result of vocation which REQUIRES
continual strain on the nervous
system.
In such cases it would be wise IL q
change of vocation could be made.
But this is not always possible and a
good tonic becomes q necessity.
Peruna is tonic that invigorates
without producing a drug habit.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1909-05-19
gt &aattbmm ana Sopsbrol.


The Sumter watchman was found
- IN 1850 and the True southron in
aess. The watchmAn and southron
oow has the combined circulation and
enauence OF both OF the old papers.
and IL manifestly the best advertising &
0e<iium In Sumter.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1909-05-19

Peruna is not beverage nor bitters,
put an honest, STRAIGHTFORWARD tonic
that increases the appetite and encour-
ages digestion.
1hcre = great demand for tonics
during the depressing heat of summer,
ana espec.&..y : in countries where hot
weather Is vc~y prevalent.
such g demand is exactly met by
Peruna.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1909-05-19

SOL to make their corn they will get
small yields and pay a big price for
each bushel they raise.-Progressiv
Farmer
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1909-05-19

If Senator Lodge would give his
whole attention to tariff revision and
let charter revision for Boston alone.
country and for the city.-Boston
Journal
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1909-05-19

"A newly married couple should oc-
-spy apartments In which there Is no
room for suspicion.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1909-05-19
HEAVY COST OF MODERN DREAD.
NOUGHTS.

An Expendi,ure That Could he 81
Much More Jscfuily Applied i'm oh
err Forms
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1909-08-07
A Lame Yarn.

fxTHAT was a lame and impotent con-
clusion,'' said Senator Aldrich of
an opponents tariff speech. 1T failed OF
effect like old Elisha Grey's adventure
story.
lat package party one winter night
i'm the village the guests RECALLED one
another with weird and frightening
adventures that had befallen them in
lonely churchyards They told of meet
ings with highwaymen in deserted lanes.
encounters In lonely houses with des-
perate burglars, and SO forth.
.vain old Elisha Grey, after an hour
or SO of this. got jealous of the interest
and awe that the adventure stories of the
men about him stirred up. So. interrupt
ing a burglar yarn quite rudely, he piped
in his high quaver:
~ amt never been molested. but
wunst, ladies an gents. l was hurryin
to hum from the ginral store at the
time 1t was late at niSht-ciose on
10, l guess-an' jest as was passn' the
doctors-it was dark an lonesome, | tell
ye-why a soft-spoken young Teller steps
up an asts me fur a match. So / up
with my fist an landed him good 'un
on the Jaw, an hiked out O. that just
as fast as my legs 'ud carry me-
"Old Elisha. looking around for dis
play Of shuddering admiration. was very
much disguised, indeed. to find the end
of his story greeted with a roar of
laughter"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1909-08-07

".All right he said, with a well-feigned
effort at cheerfulness. "I guess what you
say goes"
Stop said Miss Penley, suddenly.
What is the matter with this she
gentleman"
why, Miss Peney," exclaimed Bill,
greatly surprised, 1.-The right reverend here
said you took this low-down outcast in
silver. and"
And then Miss Penley did the strangest
thing that she had ever done in her life.
THE bishop is Mistaken she said,
trembling nervously, biting her lip be-
tween the words to keep it still. IL
gave those things to Mr.. Smets.''
Gave 'em TO him. exclaimed Sadler
Yes. sir
Miss Cordelia." exclaimed the bishop
in a shocked tone.
Please, please. bishop interrupted
Miss Penley. in voice full of entreaty.
Whereupon the bishop, after long look
at the. unfortunate woman, retired into
the shadow and stood musing frowninely
1T is quite true,'' continued Miss Pen
ley, turning to the sheriff. He came to
me last night" ran on Miss Penley, I'M
hesitating1y. 'He told me his story He
wanted to get out to the end of the rail-
road where they are building the new al
vision. l gave him what money | had
and found 1t wasn't enough and / gave
him the silver. too. So you see," she
went on. you have no cause to arrest
this-gentleman."
There was pause before the appella-
ton. but less perceptible one than be
fore.
No. s'pose not" returned the sheriff,
obviously, unless l rope him down or
general principles as a suspicious char
acter.
He isn't suspicious character at all,
said Miss COrdelia. Hes an old friend
of mine." she went on. desperately.
Mr.. Bill Sadler was not satisfied, it was
quite evident. He stood looking from
one to another. 1t was the bishop him
self who came to the rescue.
Il guess we have come on a fools err
rand" he said, smiling and including him
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1909-08-07

that I'm ashamed of before now. but
don't believe 1 ever robbed defenseless
lady what had took me in and treated me
as kind you did. l got clean away
this mornin' after / took your silver and
then my conscience Well allow that
even agnostics might have consciences,
ma ann
Miss Cordelia nodded.
We'll, whatever it was here''-Mr.
Smets laid his hand on his breast-"it
wouldn't let me go no further. The idea
come to me late i'm the afternoon that I'd
got TO come back. 1t had begun to rain
again and that brought the whole thing
back to me, how you'd been kind to me
and treated me like a gentleman and how
I'd never been brought in contact with
such lady before. An, in short, ma am,
here l am. Here's your silver, your jew
e1ry and your money. I'm ashamed to
have took them and l want you to forgive
meSand let me go with the memory of the
kindest woman and the finest woman,
ma am, If you'll allow me to say it,
that l ever met with
This was too much for Miss Cordelia.
In her turn she sank down in a chair.
trembling.
What she would have said or what she
would have done will never be known. for
at this most inopportune moment there
came another knock upon the door. Mr..
Smets started nervously, for the rap was
vigorous ana authoritative.
Neither of them had time or opportunity
to do anything. however, for the door was
flung rather rudely open and in stepped
the county sheriff. followed by a grin,
deputy. and. In the background the
bishop. Miss Penley had been compelled
absolutely to confide In some one. and
that some one was naturally her spiritual
adviser. who by great good fortune hap
pened to be at home. She had described,
with minute accuracy. her visitor. of the
night before. She had begged the bishop
to say nothing about the affair
But it happened that the bishop, return
ing from a late call, had passed Mr..
George Smets under the lights OF a drug
store window. He had recognized him
from the description and had observed