davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Kingsbury County independent. (DeSmet, Kingsbury County, S.D.) 1894-1929, 1909-02-12
NEW LOCOMOTIVE ASH
PAN is INVENTED

Huron. S. d, Feb. 3.-What is known
as the locomotive automatic ash pan
is being installed on all locomotives on
the Chicago & Northwestern road in
South Dakota. The first engine having
the new device left the shops in this
city q few days since. Among bills that
became law at the close Of the last
session of congress-, was one requiring
all railroad companies in the United
States to place upon their engines an
automatic ash pan. thereby insuring
the safety OF railway employees in the
cleaning of ashes from locomotives, do
ing away with the old method of dump
ing the ashes by getting beneath the
engine. The time given in which these
pans were to be installed is July /,
1910, the law, however, going into ef-
feet on January /, 1909. During the
last year 1873 persons were killed or in
jured while performing this work in the
old way.
A. NJ. Urquha.t, of this city, for sew
eral years Il fireman IN the Dakota
Central division of the Chicago 81
Northwestern line, is really the father
OF the bill, and was called to Washing
ton to give testimony before the COM
mittee having il in charge relative TO
it's operation and results to be derived.
Mr.. Urquhart, assisted by railway men
of Huron, were earnest in their efforts
to procure the passage OF the bill, and
are now watching its effect with no
little interest.
Kingsbury County independent. (DeSmet, Kingsbury County, S.D.) 1894-1929, 1909-02-12
CHICAGO CAN'T MAKE
THAT SMOKE Ella

Chicago, Feb. 5.-Despite its $40. 600
q year smoke inspection department.
Chicago continues as smoky as ever
with an annual damage by soo to mer-
camille stocks OF $780, 900, 200 and to
household furnishings estimated at
500, 900, 900. Smoke Inspector Bird re-
Gently admitted publicly that no pro-
gress has been made. The blame is put
upon the "slmokeless furnace" which
is found, 1t is said, to increase fuel con
sumption as much as so per cent. The
smoke inspectors have accepted and
even recommended these special fur
naces that will help their record as to
the number OF smoking chimneys, but
the increase of coal bills has caused
bad blood between those who installed
the "smokeless' furnaces and the
smoke inspectors.
Kingsbury County independent. (DeSmet, Kingsbury County, S.D.) 1894-1929, 1909-02-12
COST CHICAGO MAN
S2,225,OOO TO BACK
STOCK BROKER

Chicago, Feb. Sit cost w. Fl. Moore
Just S .2s5. 900 to back Sidney c. Love.
q stock broker and SPECTATOR. 1t has
Just developed that this was the amount
Of securities Mr.. Moore deposited with
Mr.. Love in trust. but which, after a
series OF unfortunate speculations, Mr..
Love was unable TO restore to Mr..
Moore.
According to the most reliable YER
sions OF the affair obtainable, Mr..
Love hypothetical the Moore securi-
ties for loans again and again and
finally sold them outright.
Love is said to have lost $500 900
Of his own money. Indications thai
there will be no prosecution OF Love
for the purpose Of recovering any part
OF the loss suffered by Mr.. Moore. The
latter e~ntertains some unkind feelings
toward Love. but otherwise has de-
cided 70 pocket his loss like a true
sportsman and just grin and bear
a. -
Kingsbury County independent. (DeSmet, Kingsbury County, S.D.) 1894-1929, 1909-02-12
GIRL KILLS BETRAYER
IN COURT ROOM TRIAL

Gainesville, Tex, Feb. 5.-Miss Verna
Ware, daughter OF a prominent farmer
of this county. fired repeatedly into a
crowded court room here, continuing
until her revolver was emptied. AS a
result, John Haines, a merchant, of
Jonesboro, for whom the bullets were
intended, is dead; two ~bystanders,
James Smith and David Ross, are per-
haps fatally wounded. and A.. r. Wiley,
jr., is seriously wounded.
1t was during the trial of Haines on
serious charges preferred by Miss Ware
that the shooting occurred. Approach
ing a window from which a view of
the court room could be had. Miss
Ware saw Haines among the specta-
tors, and before she could be restrained
drew the revolver from the folds of her
dress and fired. Three of the bullets
struck Haines. and he died within an
hour.
Miss Ware and her brother, Charles
Ware, were arrested
Kingsbury County independent. (DeSmet, Kingsbury County, S.D.) 1894-1929, 1909-02-12
SENATE PASSES
HOUSE TWO CENT
RATE MEASURE
Railroad Interests Unable to
Block Passage of Measure
With Emergency Clause.

Pierre. s. d.. Feb. 3.-Refusing to cut
out the emergency clause Of the house
2-cent passenger fare bill, and finding
40 second to the motion to strike our
the penalty clause, the senate passed
the measure practically as 1T came
from the house.
A delegation of railroad representa-
and commercial clubs from over
the state. which was accorded a near
ing before the house COMMITTEES on Fiji
day. also claimed the attention OF the
senate committee before the bill was
brought up for final passage, u diu
not succeed in changing the terms OF
the bill in any respect.
The house passed the bill prohlDlt-
Ing the sale of stocks of merchandise
in bulk i'm fraud of creditors, after 1t
had been made a football at two pre-
eeding legislatures. and prospects are
the senate will follow ~ u
and make the bill a law.
Secretary of state Policy presented
she petition praying for county option
and certifying that it contained the
OF over 1000 voters or the
The capitol appropriation bill is on
the calendar for final passage In n
house today and will not be opposed
formidably. The house Will also today
pass the senate Joint resolution propos-
ing an amendment TO the constitution
giving suffrage to women who are tax
Kingsbury County independent. (DeSmet, Kingsbury County, S.D.) 1894-1929, 1909-02-12
SEVERAL KILLED IN
STREET CAR ACCIDENT
Electric Jumps Slippery Track
and Piles Passengers in Heap
at Bottom of Hill.

Cincinnati. Ohio, Feb. 1.-The snow
storm and consequent slippery tracks
are given as the cause or an acct
DEM here today hat may cost at least,
two lives, while several other persons
were injured.
The College Hill car with 81 passen-
gers, jumped the rails on Clifton av-'
enue and tuInbled down a steep en-
bankment, landing at the bottom Of a
ravine with a mass of shireking, fright
ened men, women and children caught
underneath 1T or hurled from the plat
form and through the windows. More
than q score of passengers were in
jured, some very seriously, Motorman
Joseph E. Mulligan is believed to be
dying.
Chief OF Detectives Pope tried to
help the motorman and was working
with the brakes when the car jumped
the track. Pope stuck TO his post. as
did also the motorman. Poppe was
formerly in the regular army and was
awarded a medal for bravery in Indians
warfare. p
Kingsbury County independent. (DeSmet, Kingsbury County, S.D.) 1894-1929, 1909-02-12
RETAIL
INSURANCE COMPANY
CHOOSES OFFICERS

Yankton, S. D., Feb. 5.-The sixth
annual meeting of the Retail Mer-
chants Fire Insurance company OF
South Dakota, was held here last night
and the reports Of the officers showed
the company to be in a very salts
factory conditions. Officers were re-
tanned or elected as follows:
President, p. f. Wickhem, Alexan-
dria; vice president, A. +. Grimm,
Parkston; secretary-treasurer, N, s..
Tyler, Sioux Falls; directors, j. p.
SCHUYLER, Howard: ID. II. LOTUS, De-
Smet; II. o. Rhine. Dell Rapids; A. p.
Mcmillan, Condo; Mark Belts, Mt. YER
non; o.. !. Biermann, Groton.
The meeting was largely attended
by po~licyholders and was the first gath
ering of the Retail Merchants associa-
ton now in session here.
Kingsbury County independent. (DeSmet, Kingsbury County, S.D.) 1894-1929, 1909-02-12
FATE OF GREECE AS
WARNING TO AMERICA

Boston, Feb. 2-Pasalfels between the
declining period of Greece and the present
condition of affairs in the United States
were drawn by Rev. Luther T. Townsend,
D.. d., of Brookline. at the convention ot
the National Reform association in the
Park Street church.
lone peril which aided in the overthrow
Of Greece said DR.. Townsend, has al
ready been met by the United States, but
the difference of state and national rights
is not clearly defined. The politicians OF
California are entitled to a spanking be-
fore that point is settled, IL would seem.
The spasm here for political reform Is just
such as was seen in Greece. vii the
spasm here last until results are accom-
plished? We thing we are a democracy,
but we are really an oligarchy. The coun-
try will come to a dictator unless the Cod
idea. which has been gradually abandoned,
comes in again"
Kingsbury County independent. (DeSmet, Kingsbury County, S.D.) 1894-1929, 1909-02-12
COMMISSIONERS
ARE DISMISSED
Two United States Officials
Given Walking Papers"
by Judge Garland.

Sioux Falls, s. D.. Feb. 5.-The dis
charge OF two United States commits
sioners OF South Dakota for alleged ir-
regularities in office marred the routine
OF the federal court work of filing petit
tons in bankruptcy and ~discharging
such cases. Judge Garland issued
walking papers to Charles Nash, OF
Marietta, and Davis p. Thomas, of
Wasta, on behalf OF Uncle Sam.
Tersely stated, the judgment by
Judge Garland gave no intimation OF
the charges against the men, n there
fore no reason for their dismissal. 1t
is understood, however, that the ir-
Irregularities alleged came of numerous
complaints filed by homesteaders, who
paid their fees in to the commissions
ers, and that they were never receipted
through the and Office for final proofs.
Excessive fees is another point
charged, II is understood. Whether
criminal action will be taken In the
cases is not yet known.
Kingsbury County independent. (DeSmet, Kingsbury County, S.D.) 1894-1929, 1909-02-12
SUES FACTORY FOR
INJURIES RECEIVED
FROM RUSTY CORSET

Chicago, Feb. Eff the corset does
not fit or rusts. don't say things about
the dealer who sold 1t to you Just u
the man who guaranteed IL.
This Is what Miss Natalie Elbrecht,
a stenographer, did today. HI w. Cos
sard e. Co. had warranted TO give her
a graceful appearance. She has sued
them for 5000. Besides being guar
anteed to be perfect In shape and to
produce a becoming figure, the corset
steel stays were guaranteed not to
rust. On September IS the covering
OF one OF the stays became red from
rust. The complainant AYERS the rust
came In contact with Miss Elbrecht's
body. The skin vas infected and an
operation became necessary. Great
pain, anguish and suffering followed,
according TO the bill.
Kingsbury County independent. (DeSmet, Kingsbury County, S.D.) 1894-1929, 1909-02-12
COLONEL GEDDiS
SUCCEEDS DUDLEY
AT SOLDIERS HOME

Huron, s. d., Feb. 6.-Immediately
following the death of ID. l.. Dudley,
commandment Of the soldiers home at
Hot Springs, which occurred on the
29th ultimo, a meeting of the soldiers
home board was called TO make pro-
visions for the management of the in
stitution until a successor to Colonel
Dudley should be named. At this meet
ing Colonel J. b. Geddis, of his city,
was elected commandant TO fill the va
cancy until an appointment Is made
and during the time Mrs. Geddis will
act as matron.
Kingsbury County independent. (DeSmet, Kingsbury County, S.D.) 1894-1929, 1909-02-12
FAMOUS CHARGER OF
NAPOLEON rs FOUND

Paris, Feb. 5.-A straw-stuffed white
horse, which a been found In the cell
lars of the Louvre turns out to be Ma
poleon's famous charger, "Vizier," pre-
scented to him by the sultan of Tur-
key. An examination of records shows
that the horse died in 1926 IN the estate
OF De Chaulaire, the emperor's equerry.
The latter was required to flee for a
political crime and his effects were sold.
Napoleon's horse, which had been
stuffed, was acquired by an English
man, ID. w. Clarke, who presented 1t
to NJ. J.. Graves, of Manchester, who
in turn donated II to the Manchester
Natural History society. At the disso-
luton of the society in 1868 the horse
was forwarded to Napoleon III, and
was relegatec to the cellars of the
Louvre. II was forgotten during the
critical period preceding h downfall
OF the second empire.
Kingsbury County independent. (DeSmet, Kingsbury County, S.D.) 1894-1929, 1909-02-12

New York. Feb. 6.--Johann Helm
rich. Count Won Bernstorfr, new Ger
man ambassador to the United States.
was given "a reception by New York
chamber Of today. and to-
night dinner Will be rendered the am
bassador by the New York Stats EEL
Stung. at Manhattan club. The recep-
ton at the chamber Of commerce was
an informal affair n part Of the reg
After the business OF the meeting was
disposed Of the ambassador was Intro
duced. Luncheon wss serred In The
library.
Kingsbury County independent. (DeSmet, Kingsbury County, S.D.) 1894-1929, 1909-02-12
FATHER is FINED
BECAUSE HIS CHILDREN
ARE NOT IN SCHOOL.

Elk Point, S. d., Feb. "A hearing
was held before Judge Jerome Man
gan In the county court TO ascertain
whether or not the children Of r. c.
Varcoe, not attending School, were
properly instructed at home. The COM
plant was brought by the county SUI
perintendent of schools who by law is
the truant officer of this county. Tho
court found him guilty of neglect in
not sending his children to school and
fined him $40 and costs. Mr.. Varcoe
will appeal the case to the circuit court
Kingsbury County independent. (DeSmet, Kingsbury County, S.D.) 1894-1929, 1909-02-12
COMMANDMENT OF
SOLDIERS HOME
DIES SUDDENLY

Hot Springs, s.. D., Feb. 2.-ColoneF
b. l.. Dudley, commandant of the South
Dakota soldiers home, is dead, after a
two days illness of pneumonia.
Colonel Dudley was appointed com
mandant in October, 1907, and had Civ
en universal satisfaction. He formerly
lived at Canistota and was the father
OF George Dudley, of Canistota, rep
resentative in the state Legislature from
McCook county, and f. A. Dudley, dep
uty state examiner. He was sc years
OF age and a veteran OF the civil war.
The burial will take place at CAMS
tOta.
Kingsbury County independent. (DeSmet, Kingsbury County, S.D.) 1894-1929, 1909-02-12
HUNT WILD GEESE
IN ZERO WEATHER

Pukwana, S. D.. Feb. g.
When the thermometer has been
registering from 10 to 20 below
zero off and on all winter, one
does not expect to hear OF goose
hunting out on the prairies of
South Dakota in the middle of
January, but that is just what
has started the nimrods to talk
ing around here.
Not long ago some sports
declared they saw geese feeding
near Red lake, and today Ted
Golf and Albert Baatz brought
in their proof in the form of five
white geese. They were fine,
large fellows, called Canada
geese. About 200 have been
feeding in the neighboring corn
fields till lately, when about
one-half of them started for the
sunny south.
Kingsbury County independent. (DeSmet, Kingsbury County, S.D.) 1894-1929, 1909-02-12
DAKOTA MAGAZINE
SUSPENDS PUBLICATION

Huron, S. D., Feb. 2.-Report comes
from WATERFOWL that the Dakotah
magazine will either change It's location
to the Twin Cities or suspend publica-
ton, as it finds It's field too limited
for a publication of it's class. 1t was
one of the most p~retentious ventures In
magazine publication ever attempted In
the state. c.. J. Bailey was the promot-
err of the enterprise.
Kingsbury County independent. (DeSmet, Kingsbury County, S.D.) 1894-1929, 1909-02-12
ACTION
BLOCKS WAY FOR
PASSENGER LAW
Both State and Railway Com
panies Start Action Affect
ing New Rate Law.
TWELVE SUITS ARE
FILED AT PIERRE.

Pierre. :. D., Feb. 6.-Twelve
suits were begun in the supreme
court last night and today for
alleged violations of the new 2
cent rate law, one each against
the Milwaukee, Northwestern,
Rapid City, Great Northern. Du-
luth and Waterfowl, Willmar
and Sioux Falls, Omaha, Dakota
Central, Burlington, M. & st. L..
Rock Island and White River
Valley roads.
Nc injunction has been served
by the railroad companies on the
state yet. Dougherty is pressing
the case In the supreme court to
have a referee appointed by Ii
instead of the United States
court.
Kingsbury County independent. (DeSmet, Kingsbury County, S.D.) 1894-1929, 1909-02-12
PRoSPEcTOR GIVES UP
HIDDEN TREASURE QUEST

Wheeler, S. D., Feb. 3.-Sidney Rudd,
aged 76, a ~prospector, formerly of Har-
rison county, Iowa, falling in his effort
to find a gold mine in the vicinity Of
the famous burning bluff" situated on
the west side of the Missouri river,
nearly opposite this place, by stress Of
circumstances was compelled to come
to Wheeler and seek aid of the local
authorities.
Kingsbury County independent. (DeSmet, Kingsbury County, S.D.) 1894-1929, 1909-02-12
YANkToN MAN INJURED
IN RUNAWAY ACCIDENT

Yankton, S. D., Feb. Cd. j. STAFF
ford Of this city had n leg broken
and was otherwise badly bruised in a
runaway accident at Centeryille yes
terday afternoon while riding with f.
NJ. Slower of that place. When their
team became frightened and ran away
the buggy pole struck the ground turn
ing the vehicle completely over.
Kingsbury County independent. (DeSmet, Kingsbury County, S.D.) 1894-1929, 1909-02-12
NEW BANK INCORPORATES
FOR HAND COUNTY

Pierre, s.. D., Feb. 3.-Articles Of in
corporation have been filed with the
secretary of state for the Bank OF
vayland, a new town in Hand county,
between st. Lawrence and Washington.
1t is capitalized at 5000. The incor-
p%orators are J. r. McCullen, of Miller;
Otto G. Shamber, John Mcvay, w. f.
Pautsch, Of yayland; Adoiph ShamLcr,
of Britton.
Kingsbury County independent. (DeSmet, Kingsbury County, S.D.) 1894-1929, 1909-02-12
SOUTH

One OF the Chicago FL roads reports
that It's cars are swept and brushed
every night md washed twice a Week
with antiseptics. Its smoking cars are
swept out after every trip. Every q
is inspected each trip and made as tay
as possible. The windows are kept
clean and an earnest effort Is maoe ~
maintain n uniform temperature. other
roads follow much the ana plan'
which leads the Chicago tribune 10
say: perfection may be distant, u
deinite is plain
Kingsbury County independent. (DeSmet, Kingsbury County, S.D.) 1894-1929, 1909-02-12

Or. Schlick's apparatus for prevent
sng sbtns from rolling at sea has lately
given fresh proof OF it's ability. one OF
his horoscopes has been fitted ON board
the mail steamer Lochiel. While the
vessel was rolling 161a degrees on each
side, through a total angle or 80 ue.
grees. the gyroscope was started, anu
Immediately decreased the total ang
of roll TO g degrees. The apparatus ~
driven electrically and requires Httle
attention.
Kingsbury County independent. (DeSmet, Kingsbury County, S.D.) 1894-1929, 1909-02-12
HORSE THIEF CAUGHT BY
MINER COUNTY SHERIFF

Howard, S. D., Feb. deputy Sher-
If Clark ran a horse thief to earth,
the first of the week near DeSmet. re-
covered the stolen animal for the own
ers at Sioux Falls and placed the thief
behind the bars Of the Miner county
Jail. The horse was stolen from the
Parke Ice company at Sioux Falls.
Kingsbury County independent. (DeSmet, Kingsbury County, S.D.) 1894-1929, 1909-02-12
DRUNKEN souAW SLABS
AND KILLS INDIAN

lung here yesterday by an angry squaw
and live less than an hour. Liquor In
large quantities had been peddled
among a band OF Indians working on q
government bridge In connection with
the Pine Ridge reservation and the
tragedy was the result of drunken
revels.
Kingsbury County independent. (DeSmet, Kingsbury County, S.D.) 1894-1929, 1909-02-12

Superstitions OF the sea should have
their edge taken off by the disaster on
ne coast of Malta last fall. The Sar-
Iinia was due to sail from the home
port on Friday, November lS, a day
which was doubly unlucky. II Is even
aificult to get a sailor to sail on Fri
day. let alone the 18th OF so horrid q
month rs November. So the men ce-
manded ~delay--and they sailed on NO
vember IA, and came to GRIEF
standing.
Kingsbury County independent. (DeSmet, Kingsbury County, S.D.) 1894-1929, 1909-02-12
WEATHER OBSERVER is
TRANSFERRED TO IOWA

Yankton, S. D., Feb. 3D.. p. Mccall
lum, weather observer at this station
fo~ nearly five years, mas been ordered
to Des Moines. Ia, to exchange with
w. G. Cayanagh, of that place. He
will leave Immediately.
Kingsbury County independent. (DeSmet, Kingsbury County, S.D.) 1894-1929, 1909-02-12

There has beer secured by a New
York state pulp company an option on
500, 900 cords OF sunken pine piling now
lying submerged in the Rideau river
and lakes back OF Kingston, Ontario,
Canada The piiing was sunk o SO
years e when the Rideau river was
a center of commercial activity. The
piling will be converted by q chemical
process into the finest grade Oh sta
fionarv
Kingsbury County independent. (DeSmet, Kingsbury County, S.D.) 1894-1929, 1909-02-12

The new ferryboat at Guiileboeuf,
near the mouth of the Seine. has two
paddle-wheels, which arc driven at so
revolutions a minute by two electric
motors, making $40 revolutions. Cur
rent for each rotor Is supplied by a
De Dion gasoline engine n dynamo
of 10 horsepower.
Kingsbury County independent. (DeSmet, Kingsbury County, S.D.) 1894-1929, 1909-02-12
HARDING COUNTY SEAT
GOES TO BUFFALO

Deadwood, S. D., Feb. 2.-Messen-
gers from the new county OF Harding,
in the extreme northwestern corner OF
the state. arrived today bringing bal
lot boxes n returns from the election
held there Tuesday. The bitter fight.
for county seat between Buffalo and
Camp Crook was won by the former
with $50 majority out of 500 votes cast.
A full n~on-partisan county ticket was
alacIad
Kingsbury County independent. (DeSmet, Kingsbury County, S.D.) 1894-1929, 1909-02-12

The new woman in China, instead OF
following the example of her English
and American sisters In railing against
the tyranny Of men. has revolted
against her relationsinlaw. One OF the
women's clubs IN Shanghai proclaims
as It's object rebellion against moth
prainlaw"
Kingsbury County independent. (DeSmet, Kingsbury County, S.D.) 1894-1929, 1909-02-12

Frank Lincoln. an American enter
tainer and humorist, had been appear
ing In London for a time In a mono
sogue. One afternoon he a just made
mis- bow and was abou to begin when
a cat walked In and sat down on the
stage. you get Quit" said MI. Lin
coin, severely. This Is a monologue,
not a catalogue"
Kingsbury County independent. (DeSmet, Kingsbury County, S.D.) 1894-1929, 1909-02-12

There are $3.50 trees in Paris, and
each tree has its number, age, history,
and condition recorded in the books at
the Hotel de Vile. The appropriation
for this department Is 100000 francs a
wear. The work could not be lone for
any such sum had II nor been so thor
oughly done in the beginning, in the
reign OF Napoleon III.
Kingsbury County independent. (DeSmet, Kingsbury County, S.D.) 1894-1929, 1909-02-12

Discussion arose at q meeting or the
BaIlycastle County antrim) board OK
guardians on q letter from the local
government board asking what order
the guardians had made on a former
letter from the board requesting thar
the paupers should be supplied Win
forks at meals. 1t was decided to i'm
form the local government board that
the guardians did not consider forks
necessary.
Kingsbury County independent. (DeSmet, Kingsbury County, S.D.) 1894-1929, 1909-02-12

OF the appropriation of 100000 au-
thorized by congress for participation
at the Alaska Yukon-P Pacific exposition,
$3.50, 600 Will be used In the construction
II buildings. The big exhibit palaces
will be ready TO receive the display
from the department at Washington,
Alaska. Hawaii and the Philippines not
later thar March 1.
Kingsbury County independent. (DeSmet, Kingsbury County, S.D.) 1894-1929, 1909-02-12

Al young woman entered a crowded
street car with a pair Of skates on her
arm. An elderly gentleman az once
arose and offered her his seat. THANK
Won verv much. she said sweetly. but
/ don't care about sitting down: I've
been skating all the afternoon"
Kingsbury County independent. (DeSmet, Kingsbury County, S.D.) 1894-1929, 1909-02-12

There is q story of Carlyle in his
old age having taken the following
farewell, in his broadcast Scotch, OF a
young friend who had had him In
charge for walks, and who, While al
most always adapting himself to
lvle'a mood. had on a single occasion
ventured TO disagree with him; Il
would have you TO know. young man,
that YOU have the capacity OF being
the greatest bore In Christendom|
Kingsbury County independent. (DeSmet, Kingsbury County, S.D.) 1894-1929, 1909-02-12

Because Of the fight and the result
ant damage attending the last univer-
sity OF Pennsylvania underclass dinner
the freshmen have found II almost m
possible TO get a hotel to supply their
dinner. All save two places refused
outright and the other two asked for
heavy bonds TO secure them against
damage.