davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1909-04-18

like that at Bryans point, but on q
larger scale. During the yellow perch
season just closed this hatchery has han
died 88O00,OOO eggs. and the little fish
are now ready for propagation.
An interesting feature of the visit was
the opportunity to be present at con-
ference between the fishermen along the
Susquehanna who collect the white perch
and shad eggs for the hatchery and
the chief OF the division of fish culture.
John w. Titcomb.
Supt Snyder introduced the fishermen,
who, by the way, are a hardy and sub
stantial lot OF men. When this formal
ity had been disposed OF the men gath
cred around Mr.. Titcomb and, through a
spokesman. told him that the price which
the government proposes to pay for white
perch eggs this season IL insufficient and
should be advanced. Mr. Titcomb lis
tened to the arguments and promised to
bring the matter to the attention OF
Commissioner Bowers. When this was
settled. Mr.. Titcomb became the ques-
toner.
From the work which the bureau Of
fisheries has done SO far on the SusQu-
hanna do you find good results?' he
asked
I'VE certainly have had good results
and every year there are more shad and
perch In the river. Our catches, how
ever. are not as good as they might be- as
the fellows down the bay catch the best
part of the fish before they come up into
the river for spawning"
After another handshake all around and
an exchange Of amenities the fishermen
scattered to their nets in their steam
launches. for the Havre de Grace fisher
Evening star., 1909-04-18

rtnmbh uhath horot

in the water and the male does the same.
The coming in contact OF the two FER
tilizes" the eggs. They float to the sur
face Of the water and the spawn-taker
dips them out and carries them to the
hatchery, where they are placed in the
glass Jars and Matched. This Is known
as the wet" process OF fertilization.
The other is called the dry" and
the reporter had an unexpected oppor-
tunity to see this process at first hand.
He was out on top Of one of the live
boxes dipping up the Ash in an ordinary
dip net-just because he always liked
fishing and hadn't seen a live fish right
out Of the water all winter.
In one of his hauls he noticed an un-
usually fine perch at least eight inches
In length. Reaching down into the net
he picked up the perch and held It
aloft to show Capt. Harron. who was
standing across on the shore. what a
fine specimen it was. At precisely that
moment the perch was in spawn. Tha
reporter already an enthusiastic though
woefully ignorant fish culturist. i'm
mediately followed directions and ex-
pelled the perch's spawn into small
Evening star., 1909-04-18
There are $50 900 perch eggs in each jar.

ped in tanks to all parts of the country,
after a large percentage Of them have
been turned loose in the waters OF the
Potomac and the Susquehanna rivers to
provide food for the markets in coming
seasons.
The season for Matching the eggs Of
the yellow perch has just closed and,
at the two stations named, two hundred
and twenty-five million eggs have been
Matched into wriggling, shining, healthy
young perch ready to be shipped all over
the country in the appropriately fitted
cars of the bureau of fisheries. All OF
this work on the yellow perch has been
accomplished during the past two months
and half.
The season for white perch is just open
ing, and in a few more weeks the shad
will be handled. unless spell OF cold
weather drives the fish back down the
river from the spawning grounds.
The bureau Of fisheries Is part OF the
Department Of Commerce and Labor. and
is managed by Commissioner George M.
this important work Of conservation for
nine years. His deputy, Mr.. Hugh M.
Smith, has also seen long service. The
department OF fish culture of the bureau,
which controls the procuring and hatch
ing Of the eggs in the numerous stations,
has for its chief John w. Titcomb, the
best informed fish culturist in the coun-
try. Under his direction are sixty-hve
stations where fish eggs are Matched.
From each hatchery he receives a daily
report OF the number Of eggs received
Evening star., 1909-04-18
POINT MD

silk hat. There were two rows OF jars
on each table. with trough between
them, into which water from the jars
dripped. It did not seem at all interest
ing to the reporter-in fact, rather dis
appointing place, especially when one
has come to the hatchery with the vague
ly formed idea that he would see more
fish in one pile than he ever saw before.
There wasn't a fish in sight, nor even a
"fishy'' smell In the room, which resem-
bled chemical laboratory.
On second glance. however, The Star
mans interest began to awaken at once
In each jar he noticed a peculiar-looking
mass floating around in the water.
What is that?" he asked.
THAT" replied Capt. Harron. 'as
the spawn, son."
"Oh," the reporter echoed, 'the spawn
the spawn? You mean the eggs?'
"Uh-huh," vouchsafed the captain.
And you hatch them here in these
jars?'
I've do. It takes between two and
three weeks. more or less. Want to look
at one OF them, son?"
And forthwith the obliging captain took
Evening star., 1909-04-18
HATCHING THE EGGS IN JARS OUT OF DooHs'

and Matched and the number of young
fish ready to be turned loose in rivers
and streams. Each hatchery, naturally,
propagateS the kind Of fish Indigenous to
the rivers and streams in its section OF
the country. Those desiring fish to stock
their ponds obtain supply by notifying
their congressman.
This process Of taking the eggs from
the live mother fish and Matching them Is
most interesting. The other week a Star
reporter journeyed to the Bryans point
and Havre de Grace stations with cam
era and witnessed the process of hatch
ing the eggs. He was met at the pier at
Bryans point by Supt. L. G. Harron,
in charge Of the station, who has been in
fish-culture work and the fishing indus
try for twenty-five years.
The interior Of the hatchery at first
glance seems but a large room filled
with tables, upon which were dozens OF
glass jars about twice the size of a mans
Evening star., 1909-04-18

would make around twenty million eggs
it can't be that many, though. can It?
That doesn't seem possible"
"Well, son." the captain replied. pa
tiently. 'those figures aren't absolutely
exact-but there are about that many
and then some. II you don't believe 1t.
go ahead and count them"
The reporter swallowed hard.
''Say, look here he managed to reply.
show do you know there are that many
eggs-did you count them?
The captain wasn't even feazed.
He merely shifted his quid to the other
side Of his mouth. paused a moment, and
replied:
''Yes. count them every day!''
You see. son." he hastened to explain.
when 1t was evident that the reporter
simply couldn't last another minute with
out sending out q COD" to The Star
building, Il don't count every one of
them. We know how many eggs there
hatch, etc. Our total hatch OF yellow
perch eggs for this season was about
again."
Then the captain showed the reporter
how to examine the eggs under a micro
scope and to see the little black EYE"
in each egg that indicated the presence
of life. He explained how the water from
the river is pumped up into the hatchery
and distributed in the glass jars SO that
the eggs. during their period of incuba-
ton, are constantly In g. running stream
of fresh water at exactly the right tenn
perature.
"But the process here in this room is
really the last one except the shipping
of the Matched fish," Capt Harron said.
"The spawn. naturally, has to be gotten
from the live fish before 1t comes here
for incubation. Come on and Ill show
you how that Is DONE"
-.
Accordingly, the reporter followed Capt.
Harron was most kind In explaining the
how and why of things at Bryans point
and very willing to give all desired in
formation. He Is not q gruff, growing
old seadog, as his conversation as quoted
above may have implied. but he does
love to have his little joke, especially
with a Newspaper man.
The taking Of the spawn 10 one OF the
most interesting phases Of the work.
Regular spawn-takers are employed: who
men and purchase the spawn. which they
have expelled from their catch. at a
regulated price-if the desired spawn be
that OF white perch or shad. The yellow
perch are caught direct from the water
creek couple Of hundred yards from
the hatchery building. After the spawn
is obtained. the fish are turned loose
Capt. Harron and the reporter followed
the bank OF the river until they came
to the creek whore the live-boxes are
kept submerged.
At regular intervals each live-box is
spawn from the surface Of the water
with small wire dipper-nets made for that
purpose. Each box is fairly alive with
perch-both female and buck. In the box.
the female. at the suitable period In her
spawning. deposits her spawn. Or row.
Evening star., 1909-04-18

a small wire dipnet and fshed a small
bunch Of the spawn out of the nearest
jar; It looked like mixture OF gelatine
Here, take hold Of it." said the cap
tain.
The reporter attempted to take the wire
net from the captains big, weather-worn
NO" he explained, take hold of the
spawn itself. Feel it,
HUH" gasped the scribe. won't
''Of course 1t won't bite. SON"
Il didn't mean that" the embarrassed
reporter hastened to put in. II meant
won't it hurt the spawn"
well. we'll let you do 1t just this once"
the captain answered.
-gingerly. It was soft and cold and wet
and creepy.
you're holding about $1,000 young
perch In your hand. son." said the cap
ing about the price of q two-cent postage
''whatr' gasped the reporter-and 1900
young perch fell to the floor with a slip
perry, Shiny thump.
The news gatherer hastened to SCOOP
them up.
When he had recovered his equilibrium
and the few embryonic carloads of young
perch-he asked:
'Do you mean 1900 fish will be hatched
from this spawn have here? Gee! Say,
captain. how many spawn in each jar?"
The captain paused mOment-just a
moment, however-and answered:
Each jar holds from 125.OO0 to $50, 900
eggs that will hatch into fish,"
The reporter passed his hand across his
face to cover his surprise. Then he took
out q pencil and began to figure on the
back of an envelope.
rs this correct. captainr' he asked
you seem to have about, say. q hundred
and fifty-some jars in this room. That
Evening star., 1909-04-18

TITLE does the
average ashlng-
ton woman who
purchases her fish
in market In the
spring. or the an
gler, who. early in
the season. catches
perch along the Po-
tomac know about
I he incubating
process through
which those same
Evening star., 1909-04-18
Collecting and Hatching 225000000 Yellow Perch Eggs

CPLENDID Work Being
~ Done in the Conservation.
of the Fish Supply by the
Federal Government-Inter-
esting Process Witnessed at
Bryans Point-15,ooo Eggs
From a Perch Six Inches
Long-The Plant of the
Fisherman Against the Fish
ers Down at the Bay-Work
Being Done at Battery Sta
tion, Havre de Grace
Water of the Susquehanna
Is Not Kindly to Fish Eggs
"A Lighthouseman Who
Has Served for Twenty-seven
Years at One Point.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1909-01-07
GORTNER.

Mr.. and Mrs. M. Schrock, of Bit
finger, who were visiting relatives here
last week returned home Sunday.
L. H. Killius and William Sander left
for Clarksburg, w. Va, last Sunday
where they have secured employment
for the winter months.
d. w. Dodge was calling on relatives
at Terra Alta Monday.
Fred Gortner, who sold his large farm
at this place, has purchased the Joe
Meese property near Loeb Lynn.
Mr.. and Mrs. Hervey Bittner, of
Breedlove, W. Va, who were visiting
their many friends here last week, left
Monday for Pennsylvania.
Mrs. lydia Miller and Miss Kate
Hershberger, of Springs, Pa, spent
the past week with their sister, Mrs.
S. j. Lichty.
The Gortner Sabbath School has been
discontinued till Sunday, April 4th.
Services next Sunday at 1890 a. m.
and 1880 p. m. by the Mennonites.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1909-01-07

Lee for the battle of Antietam, which
was fought on the 18th of the same
month. The Baltimore & Ohio Rail
road suffered great damage at the hands
of both armies through the war, and
IN numerous places the road was en-
tirely destroyed for miles ''You see"
said Mr.. Higgins, referring to this.
the B. &. 0. was the most direct line
to Washington and through its western
connections the majority of the Union
forces from Ohio, Indiana, Illinois.
Wisconsin, etc, We're transported to
Washington. This the Confederat
tried to prevent by destroying the roa,
and saw them at different times heat
ing the rails over fires made of ties and
twisting them around telegraph poles"
Pat Higgins remained in the en-
ploy of the Baltimore & Ohio constantly
from 1852 until his retirement April |.
1897 He is now enjoying the comforts
OF coy home at Sandy Hook, but can
be seen almost daily at Harper's Ferry
walking the platform of the unpreten-
tlous little station, whistling a tune of
ante-bellum days, shaking hands with
passengers on the rear of an express
train and reminiscing of the days when
'alI wasn't quiet along the Potomac"
and John Brown, prospector, farmer
and abolitionist was melting the ignorant
negroes of the vicinity into a demon
stration which may be said to practically
mark the opening of the Civil War.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1909-01-07
THE WHIPPING POST FOR WIFE
BEhTERS.

The whipping post is far from edify-
ing. 1t is very brutal, but not near so
brutal as wifebeating. Twice within
the last few months has Squire J. Fran
els Smith. of Frederick, sentenced wife
heaters oreceive from the Sheriff lashes
on the bare back. Not long ago the
same measure Of justice as meted out
to a wifebeater in Washington comfy.
The Sheriff of Frederick county, before
laying the lash on the back of John En-
glebright, delivered a short sermon to
the culprit and hoped that the correc-
ton would be a warning to him. The
whipping post is a most appropriate
remedy and preventative for wifebeat-
ing. To send these scoundrels to jail
or to the House of Correction is but a
slight punishment. They cannot be
hurt in their pride or self-respect, for
they have none. They are brutes in
this regard. Indeed, it is almost a libel
upon brutes to call the Wifebeater a
brute, for we believe the wifebeater is
the only animal which will attack the
female of his own species. The only
way to reach the sensibilities of the
wifebeater is with the lash on his bare
back, well laid on. A brutal, husky
man, drunk or in bad temper, comes
home and dlverts himself by kicking
or mauling helpless woman whose
protection is almost his highest duty.
Such a creature cannot be reached by
reason nor by any punishment except
the lash and it should not be spared.
Ten applications were altogether too
few. If each one of these brutes could
know for certainty that whenever he
beats his wife he will have to feel the
Sheriff's lash, women would be safer
Let the good work go on until wife
beating becomes an unpopular diver
sion.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1909-01-07
Notice to Creditors.

This is to give notice, That the subscriber.
of Garrett county hath obtained from the
Orphans Court OF Garrett county, in Mary
land, letters of Administration on the per
Sonal estate OF
WILLIAM FRUSH
late of Garrett county, deceased All per
sons haying claims against the deceased are
hereby warned TO exhibit the same, with the
vouchers thereof legally authenticated to
the subscriber. on or before the 14th day of
April, next; they may otherwise by law
be excluded from all benefit of said estate
All persons knowing themselves indebted to
said estate are requested to make immedi-
ate payment.
Given under my hand this 18th day of octo-
Der, 1908.
JOHN W. FRUSH,
Administrators
II. +. d., Oakland. Nd.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1909-01-07
Notice to Creditors.

This is to give notice. That the subscriber
OF Garrett COunty,in Maryland. hath obtain
ed from the Orphans Court of Garrett
county, in Maryland, letters Administration
on the personal estate OF
J. RUSSELL BROWNING,
late of Garrett County, deceased. All per-
sons having claims against the deceased are
hereby warned to exhibit the same with the
vouchers thereof legally authenticated TO
the subscriber, on or before the 29th day OF
April, next; they may otherwise by law
be excluded from all benefit OF said estate
All persons knowing themselves indebted to
said estate are requested to make immediate
payment.
Given under my hand this 10Th day OF
October, 1908.
NJ. A. BROWNING,
Administrator.
kitzmiller, Md.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1909-01-07
Notice to Creditors.

This is to give notice, That the subscriber
of Garrett county hath obtained from the
Orphans Court of Garrett county in Mary
land letters Of Administration on the per
sOnal estate of
A, f. GEORGE,
late of Garrett county, deceased. All per-
sons having claims against the deceased
are hereby warned to exhibit the same with
the vouchers thereof legally authenticated
to the subscriber, on or before the 18th day
OF May next they may otherwise by
law be. excluded from all benefit of said es-
tate. All persons knowing themselves in
debted to said estate are requested to make
immediate payment
Given under my hand this oath day of
November, 1905.
MARY f. GEORGE
Administrative,
SWantOn, Md,
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1909-01-07
FRENCH VS.. AMERICAN ROADS.

A recent official report from Consul
General R. P. Skinner, of Marseilles.
France, gives some highly important
information regarding the public roads
of that country. AS is generally known,
France has the best and most complete
road system in the world, and its
splendid public highways fill with envy
and admiration all foreigners, particu-
larly those from the United States,
where the roads in general are about
the worst in any country protesting to
be civilized.
The superiority of the French road
system is stated by Consul General
Skinner to be due to the fact that the
construction and maintenance of the
principal roads is carried on under the
supervision of corps of experts in
road-construction, who find in their
profession opportunities for advance
ment and distinction such as could not
and does not exist under a local road
administration. French roads are good
not because of superiority of road MAX
ing material, nor because the French
people possess any special talent for
road building, but because the initiative
in matters pertaining to the public
highways is taken by the highly trained
engineers and administrators under the
direction of the National Government.
All the principal French highways,
or national routes" Of which there
are %, $50 miles, are constructed and
maintained by the National Govern
ment, which has expended on them over
$500, 900, 900. The superiority of these
roads over those constructed or main
tanned by the local authorities is very
marked, but even the local roads are
kept in good condition, so that the
standard French road is one upon which
in rolling country a draft horse haul
ing 8, 300 pounds is expected to travel
about 20 miles per day. This fact alone
will serve to indicate the difference be-
tween the roads in France and those in
the United States, where the load hauled
by one horse over the average level
country road is only 1,40O pounds, and
on roads with per cent. grades only
1000 pounds.
The basis of the French highway
system is the School of Bridges and
Roads, one of the finest technical col
leges insthe world, where engineers are
trainedsfor positions in the public road
administrative system. These engineers
cooperate with the local authorities,
and the result is that there is available
for the work of road construction an
effective body of competent adminstra-
tors whose influence extend throughout
the whole country.
A beginning has been made in a small
way ins this country by the Bureau of
Public Roads of the United States De-
partment of Agriculture, to introduce
the methods by which the French road
system has been so satisfactorily de-
velOped. The organization of this Bu-
reau and theifunds at it's disposal are
wholly inadequate. What is needed is
a National Highways Commission which
shall have general power to promote
the constru ction and improvement of
the public roads, and for which liberal
appropriations should.be made by Con-
gress. The National Governments CO.
operation in this matter will greatly
stimulate action by the various State,
county and township authorities and
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1909-01-07
SAFETY DEPOSIT BOXES FOR RENT

been wounded the previous night, APP
peared so be dying and pleaded with me
to give him drink of water The poor
fellows suferings were so agonizing
that I determined to risk going for the
water, starting for the Shenandoah
river with pitcher. | was halted, as
expected, by a son-in. law of Smiths
named Thompson, who on learning my
mission made me get the negro the
water. He made a remark, however,
that has caused me TO ponder many,
many times during these years since.
As returned from the river with the
water he said: 1t serves the niger
right and if he had listened and taken
our advice he would not have been shot. ,
From this am certain Hayward Shep-
pard was approached and asked to join
in the uprising, which he likely declined
in the event he told.
On Tuesday, October IS, company of
United States Marine from Washington
under the command of Col. Rob't E. Lee,
afterwards the great Confederate lead
er, and Major Green, arrived at Sandy
Hook by freight train over the Balti-
more & Ohio and marched to the Ferry
prepared to take possession of the gov
eminent arsenal. Major Green advanc-
ed toward the fort waving a white
handkerchief, went the raider. Re-
turning from the fort he came over to
where | was standing alongside of
Colonel Lee, and said: Colonel those
raiders in there are commanded by old
Ossawatomie Brown, of Kansas, yand
he ref ses to surrender. Then
it was that the real identity of
Captain Smith was learned, the order
was given to charge on the fort and
after the third attack Brown and his
men were captured. Eleven of these
were killed in the encounter and were
buried-inC luding Browns oldest son,
Oliver along the Shenandoah River.
Brown and the remainder of his men
were taken on the first train to Charles
Town, the county seat, were tried and
executed without delay.
Il shall never forget that eventful
10Th of December, 1859, when John
Brown was hanged up at Charles
Town" said Mr.. Higgins. "His re-
mains were brought here and met by
his widow and man by the name of
Tindale, from Philadelphia, who after
wards came to the Ferry as Major in
the 28th Pennsylvania Infantry.
Browns remains were taken back to
his old home in New England to their
last resting place many miles from the
banks of the peaceful Shenandoah and
the dreamy little town he imm6rtalized
by the fanaticism in the cause of abo-
lition.
By reason of the geographical situa-
ton and proximity of both the Federal
Capitol at Washington and that of the
Confederacy at Richmond, Harper's
Ferry and the adjacent country figured
prominently in the maneuVers of both
armies. Union troops first entered the
village on July 4, 1861, and both armies
were constantly picketing their forces
on the heights surrounding the town
and pouring volley after volley across
the valley below. On September Is,
1862, Generals "Stonewall' Jackson
and A. P. Hill captured $1,000 Union
soldiers under General Miles. General
jackson then left and crossed into
Maryland, where he reinforced General
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1909-01-07

will result in the establishment of
complete system of properly constructed
roads, rivaling those of France, in all
sections of the coun try.-RepOrt of the
National Grange. Patrons of Husbandry.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1909-01-07

The best building lot in Oakland; OPP
posite new courthouse, at reasonable
price. Apply to owner.
HENRY LAUER,
Oakland, Md.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1909-01-07

We will issue time or demand GER
tificates Of deposit and pay you per
cent. interest if your money is left
with us.