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The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1909-04-20
SWEET GIRL GRADUATES
RAISING CHICKENS

with wholesome conditions favorable
to health and vigor Of body and mind.
Wives busted indoors with domestic
cares all the day long not infrequently
Succumb to the monOtOny and ankle
ties Of their lives, and female profess
sorS, teachers, librarians, doctors and
lawyers are often anaemic. But those
who have selected outdoor occupa-
tions have everything to their favor
Exercise, constant employment upon
the simple problems Of the poultry
business, close touch with practical
matters, good hours, conscious of be-
ing engaged in useful vocation
these build up the muscles expand the
lungs, strengthen the heart, give tone
to the entire system. drive away in
somnia and bring that everyday cheer
fulness Of disposition which is better
than happiness 1T is held, indeed,
by some philosophers that Back to
Nature is a maxim which should ap-
peal to the ladies more than to man.
''Natural occupations are a necessity
for them it they are to regain the
physical Vigor and efficiency which
their grandmOthers enjoyed and which
the Indian sQuaw and the peasant WO-
man of parts OF Europe still enjoy A
clear white complexion, small Ieet,
taper fingers, slender figure and spirit
uelle aspect are, no doubt, fine things.
They are in fashion, and, like the
fashionab BILE hat or shirtWaist, appeal
to the prospective WOOer's sense Of
charm. But in the long rum are they
best for the woman herself or for the
successful performance of her role.
Cannot something be said also for the
sweet nut-broWn maid, of ample
waist, broad-soled shoe, strong hand,
we'll developed muscles? 1t has been
held, in fact, that the physical we'll
being of the WOman-to be got ana
kept only by an active outdoor life
is more important than that Of the
man. 1t is certainly equally import
ant and if secured woman's employ
ment to mans Out-Of-dOOr employ
ments will be worth all it costs in
.looks.' 1t is a truism that health IS
the greatest of blessings. 1t is also
charm which sensible men are quick
to appreciate. All success, then, to
chicken raising as a vocation 70 the
sweet-girl graduate, Her rosy cheeks,
touched with sunburn Will be better
than the pale lilies of the city not
houses Her work is not only IN her
own best interest, but is a public inter-
est The more girls there are IN the
fields, leading wholesome out-of-door
lives, and the more fat chickens there
are in the markets, the better 1t VIII
be for all concerned.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1909-04-20
Baltimore Sun

The alumnae Of the Woman's Col
lege Of Baltimore number 772, of 245
have married. the occupation of 245
is to manage the lords Of creation, and
they doubtless do SO with skill, en-
hanced by the lessons of wisdom
learned at college from the sages OF
the ages. The rest are professors,
teachers charity workers, missiona-
ries. librarians doctors, lawyers, n 1rs-
es, etc. Their learning enables them
and perhaps disposes then1-to de-
clare their independence Of mere man
and go in for self-suppOrt. Two of
the young ladies, unhampered by
memories Of 1ogorithms, psychology,
archaeology. Greek, Entomology, sOciol-
ogy or Sanskrit. have taken to chick
en- farming. One has acquired $50
acres of land in Arizona, where, in
the intervals of teaching domestic
science, she pursues the related indus
try of raising the domestic fowl An
other, a Maryland girl, after adding a
scientific training at Maryland College
is raising chickens in Hartford county,
Maryland. Her incubators hatch out
innumera BILE broods in the most ap
proved methods, producing practical
results and-it is hoped-goOd profits.
Much can be said in appreciation Of
the preference of these two a1umnae
Continued on Page Three.)
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1909-04-20

There is II ,thputing the drain
upon the State nth Carolina to
buy the things the rs ought to
raise at home. In av~ ears the
farmers ought to make ye, own
bread-stuffs, meat, forage y like
products SO that the money sent out
for these necessities could be kept at
home. It is not how much money
man handles in a year, but how
much surplus he has as the result
Of his years work. The farmer who
makes his corn and fodder and hay,
whose table is supplied from his own
garden and poultry yard and dairy,
and who buys nothing that he can
grow upon his farm gets along even
if the trust puts down the price of
tobacco and the spectators run down
the price of cotton. He is then what
every farmer should be-truiy indie
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1909-04-20

pendent. The farmer who must hurry
his cotton and tobacco to pay his store
account for hog and hon1iny is not
independent. He is a tobacco-grower
or a cotton planter, but not a farmer
in the real sense and according to
the meaning of the man who lives in
the country and gets his living from
the SOIL
How much money goes cut OF the
average county every year to buy
hog and hominy''-such things as
men and domestic animals eat-which
could be grown on North Carolina
farms?
The Burlington News. which is pub
lished in one of the best counties in
the State and one where the farmers
diversity their crops more than in
most counties, has the following edi-
torial:
Mr.. J. S. kuykendall. the secre-
CONTINUED on Page Three.)
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1909-04-20

Mr. Robin Taylor, III the March
Planter, tells of the difficulty he had
in turning under a heavy growth of
peas for wheat Now. [ very much
fear that Mr. TAYLOR will not get the
results in the wheat he hopes for.
His land was certainly plowed for
the peas, and plOwing SO late again
was bad for the wheat crop. 1t was
also bad to turn under such a mass of
growth for wheat, since it was not
practicable at that late season to get
the soil and that mass Of peas prop
erly settled in the way a wheat crop
needs / tried this same plan many
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1909-04-20
Heavy Drain on the State

For many years after the war when
merchants had to buy all their goods
on d credit and practically all the
farmers had to buy supplies from
merchants on a credit, the wholesale
and retail merchants insisted upon
the farmers in cotton sections raising
big cotton crops. More than any
other crop a farmer can make, cotton
is ready money. There is less waste,
depreciation or uncertainty about cot
ton than any other crop. 1t can be
made easier with ignorant labor.
Even if it is given poor attention, the
stains" always command a market
The reason above given was largely
responsible for the all cotton system
in the largest part of the State. For a
time when cotton brought good prices
a man in the East could raise
pound of cotton cheaper than pound
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1909-04-20
COWPEASQf1d WHEAT

years ago on a piece Of strong lime
stone soil The result was that / got
a tremendous growth of straw that all
went down flat when it began to head
and the May rains came. | believe that
Mr.. Taylor not only made mistake
in blowing under the peas but IN
ploWing at all for the wheat at that
date in the season. [ believe that he
would make more wheat had he saved
the peas for hay, and then merely
disced the surface soil fine for sowing
the wheat. The summer plOWlng was
all that the wheat needed, and the
CONTINUED on Page Three.)
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1909-04-20

of meat or meal Or flour and he ar
gued that it was wisest to raise cot
ton and buy his supplies but even
then the farmer who raised his hog
and hominy IS we'll as his supplies
in the long run succeeded better than
the all cotton farmer
In the tobacco section, before the
trust controlled the price of the weed,
the price was so good that many
farmers put everything in tobacco and
bought their hog and hominy and
hay. It seemed to be wise business,
but experience showed even under
high prices for tobacco that the far
mer who lived at home and boarded
at the same place. and grew all the
tobacco he could after making his
supplies in a period of years was more
prosperous than the all tobacco
farmer.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1909-04-20
FARMERS UP WHITTIER WORK
(Roanoke-ChOwan Times. J

Farmers in this part Of the coun-
try seem to be paying more attention
TO the preparation of the land before
nlanting than ever before, especially
for the corn crop. It has been an old
saving. and it is true, that any one
can raise cotton. but that it takes a
good farmer to make corn, Cotton
will grow most anywhere, whether
the land is prepared and properly cui-
tiyated or not, but corn requires
GOOD seed bed and cultivation. Some
Of o,1r farmers are breaking their land
twice before planting, putting the
soil in excellent condition. 1t is a
pleasure to note these signs OF i'm
proyement.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1909-04-20
(The Southern Planter J


The weather has been almost ideal
early spring weather, indeed, in the
past twenty years We do not recall
one single month of March which has
been so favorable for farmers to
make progress with the work of pre-
paring the land for the crops AS a
teSult Of this, We hear from all over
the South Atlantic Coast States that
work is more forward than almost
ever before at this time of the year.
The temptation in such a condition of
things Will be for farmers to start
the sowing and planting of crops too
soon. We would strongly urge that
they make haste slowly in this mat
ter Of planting We are certain yet
to have some cold weather, maybe
some severe weather, and planted
crops caught by this may be severely
injured; in fact, may be ruined. The
land is not yet warm, and to put any
thing but oats (and it is too late to
seed this crop now, except in the
mountain sectionS) and grass into cold
land is to run great risk of having
to reSeed later.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1909-04-20
THE PAYING FARM MACHINERY
5 (SanfOrd Express. }

Some Of the merchants Of this place
who deal in hardware of all kinds,
tell The Express that the farmers Of
this section are buying more plows,
harfOWS, cultiVatOrS and improved
farm machinery this spring than ever
before. This speaks we'll for our
farmers and shows that they are
making advancement They have be-
come convinced that improved imple-
ments and machinery will help them
to solve the labor problem.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1909-04-20
Money in Raising Hogs.

AS an evidence that there is money
in raising hogs in this county and sec
ton for the market Mr.. H. A. Brown,
of West Asheville. marketed a shOar
1S months old from which he realized
S42 in cash The pig was raised by
Mr.. Brown on his place in vest Ashe-
Vile and when butchered crossed SAC
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1909-04-20

The reports We receive as 70 the
condition of the wheat and winter oat
crops in the South are most favorable.
Little or no damage has been done
by winter killing, and the plants are
vigorous and healthy and growth
much more advanced than usual at
this season Of the year. We are not
as yet in receipt Of reports as to the
condition of the winter sOWn wheat
in the West and North of us and we
are not therefore able to say anything
definite on the subject Judging,
however, from such scattered reports
as we find in our Western and North
arn exchanges we expect to see a
generally favorable condition report
I'd by the National Department Inc
market price of wheat has continued
10 advance steadily since the Sedl
came in and it stands now at hlgher
figure than at any time since I9of'
The European demand has calico ioi
a considerable increase in the exports
which in 1908 were in excess OF lOo,-
600 900 bushels and the effect OF TINS
demand has been to reduce the Wheat
on hand IN this country at thlS tniie
TO about 100000 bushels below the
average for the past ten years. we
look like going into the new crop
year with q very small surplus "
meet our greatly increased deHanos.
The European demand from TINS ll11le
on will be met by the Argentine, Aus
tralia and Indian crops, which promise
an ample supply. The price OF corn
has kept high, and the demand loI
home consumption good. AS result
Of this the export demand has peen
small We have only sent out OF TINS
country 37,577,717 bushels of corn
during 1908 as compared with W.
518,817 bushels shipped out in 1870.
1t would seem that with respect 70
Z both wheat and corn the demand oI
the population of the country is 1ast
reaching the point where we shai
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1909-04-20

The principal work to which the
efforts of all farmers should be di-
rected this month is the preparation
OF the land for the planting Of the
corn, cotton and tobacco crops In
the Northern section of the States and
sections of this State where cotton is
grown, the land should already have
been plowed and every effort should
now be made to bring the soil into
fine seed bed as quickly as possible
The use of the disc harrow, spike
tooth harrow and roller should be as
continuous as the weather will per-
nit, so as to effect a complete break
ing OF the soil into as fine a condi-
ton as possible and then the consoli-
dation Of the sub-surface soil into
such a compact condition as will best
serve to retain and bring UP moisture
from the subSOil, as the crop needs
it. This continuous working Of the
soil will areate and warm it, and make
it a fit bed into which to place the
seed under the best conditions for
quick termination and rapid root
CONTINUED on Page Five.)
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1909-04-20

In 1908 Utah raised over 100, 900, ,0Oo
pounds of beet sugar and now ranks
fourth in the production Of that
necessity
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1909-04-20
GOOD FARM MANAGEMENT
WORK FOR THE MONTH

have no surplus to export unless there
be a great increase ip production over
the average crops of the past few
years. The outlook seems good for
continuance of profitable prices on
these staples.
The river press. [volume] (Fort Benton, Mont.) 1880-current, 1909-02-17
Cooperation In Conservation.
Philadelphia Ledger.

ASu6oA'
President ROOsevelt's administra-
ton will be remem bered not alone for
the asperities which it has aroused,
but for several facts of ~far.seeing
craftsmanship with which his name has
been associated. Not the least import.
ant of these has been his effort to
promote the movement for the con-
serva alton of the national resources.
This effort has not been confined to
platitudinous commend alton, but has
consisted of hearty and consistent
support of the government officials
who have devoted themselves to it,
and to constructive work of very
great Importance. Although the whole
movement is yet too embryonic to make
it possible to appraise the real value
of Mr.. Roosevelt's contribution, he IL
unquestionably entitled to all the
credit for bringing to bear upon 1t the
enormous executive power which he
yields, and the historian of the future
will not overlook the fact that it was
at his official call that the conferences
were held that for the first time gave 8
ready national turn to the conserva
ton movement.
The river press. [volume] (Fort Benton, Mont.) 1880-current, 1909-02-17
GAMBLING SYSTEMS,
The Chances Are Always Vastly
Against the Player.

Just a word about systems of gam
bling followed by various players:
Their name is legion-some plausible,
some ridiculous, some based on elab-
crate calculations, some giving Won
derful results on paper. and all failing
woefully at the tables.
"After fifteen years of experience at
Monte Carlo" writes a newspaper cor
respondent, costing a sum I should be
ashamed to name, after a thorough In.
vestigation of more than 400 different
systems and progressions, after hav-
ing employed a mathematician, l can
say with certainty that it is absolutely
impossible for any system to win at
Monte Carlo. Sir Hiram Maxim is
wrong when he says the chances r
ten to one against the player. I say
they are a hundred to one against the
player"
This is rather IN Overstatement, for
a few players do win, by luck, not by
system, or by a system based on luck.
as when a man backs the number of
his hotel room or a woman backs her
age. z OF q per cent OF Lne
players win occasionally, and the rest
lose, not only because of the banks
percentage and the restraining maxi
mum, but because this is a struggle
between a a and a machine-a man
with nerves and emotions, a machine
with no nerve and no emotions. Let
the system be eve so perfect, the gam.
bier with strength Of will to follow 1t
has not yet been born. If he had such
strength of will, he would not be a
gambler.-Cleveland Nonett in Sue.
| cess Magazine.
The river press. [volume] (Fort Benton, Mont.) 1880-current, 1909-02-17
To Improve Farm Conditions.

WASHINGTON, Feb. 9.-President
Roosevelt this afternoon submitted
to congress a special message based
upon the report of the country life
commission appointed last fall to in.
vestigate the conditions in the rural
districts of the country. The commits
sion, after holding a series OF meetings
throughout the country recommends
that congress cause q thorough exam.
ination by experts of the middleman
system for disposing of farm products;
for the establishment of q highway
engineering service, parcels post and
postal savings banks, to provide for
a e to guide public opinion to-
ward the development of real rural
society, and many other remedies.
The river press. [volume] (Fort Benton, Mont.) 1880-current, 1909-02-17
Farmers Want Better Prices.

WASHINGTON, Feb. 1l.-Declaring
that farmers should receive as much
profit on their business as the manu-.
facturer Or the merchant and that the
minimum price of wheat on the farm
should be Sl.25 per bushel, the Ameri.
a Society of Equity has transmitted
a paper to congress showing the cost
OF the farm materials and machinery,
and the amoun of capital which it ia
necessary for a farmer to invest be.
fore beginning the raising of wheat.
Figures which were compiled from
the books Of a business like farmer In
the Red River valley and which have
been certified to by expert accountants,
place the cost of producing wheat a,
81 IS per bushel.
The river press. [volume] (Fort Benton, Mont.) 1880-current, 1909-02-17
Counted Electoral Vote.

WASHINGTON, Feb. 10.-The two
houses of congress met in joint session
in the hall of representatives today to
formally declare the election of Will
liam Howard Taft of Ohio and James
S. Sherman of New York, to be presi-
dent and vice.president of the United
States, respectively.
Vice.President Fairbanks, occupy
ing a seat on the right of Speaker
Cannon, presided. After announcing
the purpose of the gathering, he un-
locked the wooden boxes containing
the electoral votes, extracting and
opening them in alphabetical order by
states.
AS the votes of each state were
opened they were handed by the vice.
president to the four t~ellers, Senator
Burrows and Senator Bailey and Re
preventative Haines and Russell, who
proceeded to count them.
The count concluded, the result was
announced to the presiding officers,
showing 32l electoral votes for Taft
and Sherman. The joint session was
then ended, the members of the senate
returning to their hall for the regular
transaction of business. Owing to the
limited capacity of the house, few
persons other than she families and
relatives of the members of the two
houses witnessed the ceremony.
The river press. [volume] (Fort Benton, Mont.) 1880-current, 1909-02-17
A HONGKONG O
Doors and Windows Smashed In by
the Fury of the Gale.

Doors and Windows Smashed In by
the Fury Of the Gale.
Boom! Boom! Boom! The sigma.
had changed to the ominous red
green-red, and the three dynamite
bombs were the warning that the
typhoon was upon us. No need to
hurry the servants now every one
was only too anxious to assist. The
wind was tearing round the house,
seemingly in all directions, but strong
est from the north, and the noise Of It
was louder than thunder. One out
side room, more exposed than the rest,
seemed to be its especial butt. We
stayed there for a moment to listen to
the raging Of the storm, but even the
stoutest heart could not sleep in that
~pandemonium of sound. It was we'll
shattered and barred, but It was in
credible that 1t stood in that tornado
Of wind. The doors creaked and
groaned with the strain, and the win
dows clattered with a shriller note,
while outside 1t seemed as though all
the winds Of all the ages were let
loose for destruction. In the center
Of the house, though the noise was
less, n could feel the building rock
ing IN It's foundations and hardly
dared speculate how much the late
heavy rains had weakened them. Ev-
cry moment we expected the roof
would go.
Crash! The upper part Of an inner
glass door had blown in. There was
a stampede for that part Of the house,
for the wind must be kept out at all
costs. Sofa cushions, sheets, blankets
from the beds, all were requisitioned
to stuff the broken panes. We had
hardly finished before there was a ter
rifle noise in the basement and such
a shouting In Chinese that one could
hear the boys above the din of the
storm. It was the door Of the cooks
room which had burst it's hinges and
bolts, and once the wind had found an
entry 1t made the most Of its oppor-
tunity. Twenty-seven panes Of glass
clattered to the ground in the base
ment before they could get the door
wedged back into place with great
difficulty. But there was little time
to think Of the servants, for we had
our W troubles upstairs.
The wind suddenly veered round I'M
til the full force seemed to be coming
from the southwest, and the front Of
the house began to feel it. The hall
door was straining on it's hinges, and
we had to improvise struts and pile
heavy furniture behind it to help its
resistance to the wind. Then q rush
upstairs, for a bathroom window had
crushed in and the door was straining.
Every moment the wind was increas-
ing in fury, but the roof held. Be-
tween 3 and 4 the typhoon was at
its height, and 1t is impossible to de-
scribe the Of helplessness one
feels in such a wild raging of the ele-
ments. Sleep was out Of the question
until the wind abated toward morning,
and we rested a little. a tired, sorry
looking household, encamped in the
safest part of the house.-Nan Peacock
in Leslie's Weekly.
The river press. [volume] (Fort Benton, Mont.) 1880-current, 1909-02-17
Washington News Notes.

WASHINGTON, Feb. o. General
Chas. s. Warren, the messenger who
brought M%ontana's electoral vote,
was today paid his mileage, amount.
ing to $3.50.
Senator Carter has introduced a
bill increasing to $50 per month the
pension of Major Martin Maginnis
of Helena. Major Maginnis served
in the First Minnesota Volunteer in.
fantry.
A committee of Helena citizens,
composed of T. A. NARROW, N. B.
Hotter and J. Collins, is here in the
interest of the Prickly Pear irriga-
CATION project. The committee will
present the favorable features of the
project to Director Newell of the &c.
lamation service, and the secretary of
the interior.