The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1909-04-10
Congressman OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES
Speech Attracted Attention.
Says That South Has Been Built
Up by Tariff.
TALKS OF PRODUCER
Calls Attention to Prosperity OF
the Farmers.
TALKS OF PRODUCER
Denies That Payne Bill Is for
Benefit of New England.

Washington, D. c., April 10.-Con-
gresham w. A. Calderhead, of Kan
sas, member of the ways and means
committee, made one of the best argu-
mentS in the House on the general
subject of tariff that has been made
during the session. Mr.. Calderhead is
not frequent speech-maker in con-
gress, but when he does take the floor
to deliver himself on any particular
subject he always receives marked at
tention of the House as he is consid-
cred one of the best Informed mem
bers on subjects of national-wide i'm
portance. His speech was frequently
interrupted by applause.
For fifteen days we have listened
to the general charge that the tariff
was levied for the purpose of being
burden on the consumer" said Judge
Calderhead. There has not been an
intimation that the tariff at any time
is for the benefit of the producer.
The gentleman from Missouri
(Mr. Clark, opening the discussion
on the side of the House, cited the
names of the authorities in the nation
who included the substance of all that
could be said upon it. He named AL
exander Hamilton's report and a num-
heA of others, and concluded with the
IMPORT of Mr.. Gallatin. Nothing that
Hamilton's report has added much to
the knowledge of the people. or to the
purpose for which the protective tariff
Is levied. Here is great nation. now,
of 90,O0O.000 people, occupying land
stretching from sea to sea, a great ag-
ricultural land, to which the inhabi-
tants might easily turn for their own
sustenance, and Hamilton's report was
for the purpose of advising the coun-
try of the necessity of diversifying
he IT, Il ev-f1 x.F
that it might find employment for all
its people and be Independent of the
producers of other nations.
Question Same as in Hamilton'S Day.
cat this hour, Mr.. Chairman. the
question is the same that it was in
his day. Ten millions of people are
engaged as laborers upon farms; six
and half millions of people, speaking
in round numbers, are engaged in Ia
Dor in the manufactures; 100000
people are employed upon the rail-
ways. All the vast army of men who
are not employed in agriculture are
employed in producing some form of
manufactured goods or in the trans
portation of them. The charge is gen.
orally made that the whole tariff is
levied for the protection Of the man
ufacturer. The general answer to it
is that the man who has received the
most protection from the tariff has
been the farmer upon his farm, and
the WdRe-6dTneT at MS WOTk ana IN
his wages. Testimony to that effect is
set forth in the language of Mr.. Tomp-
kins, from North Carolina, before our
committee, in which he testified that
fifteen years ago a cotton crop of TO-
100000 bales was worth cents a
pound. before the establishment of
manufactures, and brought $500, 00O,-
600; and now, since the establishment
of manufactures, that same crop of
100000 bales brings to the south
$500, 00O,0o0; and in addition to that,
the discovery of the method of pro-
ducing cotton-seed oil brings the south
another 100000 900.
Men have been drawn from the
farms to labor in their own factories.
and the men who competed upon the
farm merely for the production of cot
ton and the sale of it are competing
upon the farm for the production and
sale of the food which supports the
factories, as well as supplies them
with it's cotton. The value of the
farm products there is another hun
dred millions.
Our Own Big Purchasers.
Last year we produced upon the
farms of America nearly eight thou
sand millions of dollars worth We
sold abroad to other countries about
one thousand millions of dollars
worth. Who bought the rest of it?
Who had the money to buy it. and
y
manufactured products OF America
, were sixteen thousand and eight hun
dred millions of dollars, and we ex-
ported about nine hundred million dol
lars of that Who bought the rest of
it and who had the money to buy it?
Twenty-three thousand million dollars
worth of commerce between the states
and less than two thousand million
dollars worth of commerce between
the United States and all the balance
of the world,
1.-THE commerce between the states
of our country is greater than all the
commerce of Europe, Asia, and Afri-
ca with all the world. Who buys our
commerce, and who has the money to
buy It? We have lived for ten years
under a tariff legislation that is de-
nounced as partisan, as class legisla-
ton, as legislation for privileged
wealth. Where did the money come
from that bought sixteen thousand
millions of dollars worth of manufac-
tured products and seven thousand
millions of dollars worth from the
farms? Who paid for it? 1t is not
worth while now to enter into a dis
cussion of the schedules which this
committee has been preparing for the
DR.. Price, the famous food