New-York tribune., 1909-09-25
HISTORYOF THE HUDSON
KNOU'N BY MANY NAMES.
It's Re1erSe Tides We're Source of
Great Mystery to the
Indians.

fHG2dHS.
Tg1s,r.s title as discoverer Of the Hudson
GsfYer does not mean that he was the first white
s1.5r to k1ow Of the existence of the stream. In
'alls sense that he was the pioneer In the ex-
plor5stion OF the river, Hudson was its discoy-
eFeF. IL remained for him to go up to the
river close 70 its source to examine and de-
scribe the river itself and the lands lying ada
eent TO It, with their inhabitants. products. fora.
etc He WAS generally regarded in the seven
'teenth century as the navigator to whom was
due the worlds knowledge OF the stream. aside
from the mere fact OF its existence.
Before Hudson's advent the indentaton OF
tie coast leading into New York Bay and the
Hudson itself we're shown maps. 1t ia GER
tain II st at least two Europeans had sent the
'keels OF their ships into the river in advance OF
Hudson
, One OF these was VeraZzano. who was
the-e IA 1924 His is the earliest authentic rec
or1 Verax@ano described the upper bay as
beautiful lake. and the river as una grandis-
eiTnl rFert'-that Is, q very large river. In
Gle following year Gomez came and gave the
river name calling II after ST. Anthony. II
t5 altogether likely that other navigatOrs Wis
ttej the bay and the lower reaches Of the river
Teetween 1922 and 1000, when Hudson arrived
iher-.
RIVER BEYOND THE OPENINGS"
Before Hudson's name became inseparably
connected with TIE most beautiful OF American
n ers it varfously titled, The Iroquois Ind
tn called Il Cahohatea and Skanehtade Ca
hnrda tho river beyond the openings" Ga
S4ada means river. The Seneca Indians gave
tic name slanehtade 10 the present site OF the
Hty 81 Schenectady before the advent OF the
riltes. in reference to the openings between
Ia M Ia lob Coba
tad.
~ tie Mohcan Indians the Hudson was
known tie Mal4icanituc, Mohican River
ana other Indians termed II the Shatemuc
T ~ came Yerazzano 1920 with Una Grandis-
sim9 Byiere. which became the Rip Grande,
R5e Riviere Granle and Grand River: the
T.i- de San Antonio or River Of St Anthony, by
fiomez Q!25) the Rio de Gamas, by the Span
farIs 012<i-1G0M: tie River of the Mountains
b. Hudson $500; the Montigne River on Dutch
maF.s d615-5 81: the River Mauritius or Mau-
ri.s River. after Maurice. Prince OF Orange
during the Dutch period; the River Mandates.
b. De Gaet uG2D: the Manhattans River on
DulciI maps QGl5-'54) and the MORT Rivier
Uatrhb and the North River QEuglish). as dis
ii suishinG it from the South. or Delaware
RIVER TIE first use of the name "Hudson's
E'var' seems to have been used in a pubica-
a. printed in Amsterdam in 1912, and telling
o. Norta American geography.
BOTTOM BELOW SEA Level.
T.r one hundred and fifty miles of its length
a. Hudson is not a true river, but ford. Be
tr"eH Albany and the ocean its rock bottom
H. Oaio" sea level. of Storm King Mountain
drills have been sent down for nearly one thou
SAND Teet through dirt and sand without strik-
ts rock The shore line at Albany is virtually
q tla same elevation as that at its mouth, and
IL tide rises al Albany nearly three feet The
I'll river was q source of great wonder and per-
p"<ity 70 the Indians. who alluded 10 il as "the
ri,er that flows both ways"
The Hudson IS world renowned for it's natural
beauty. and Il has been pronounced by COM
pet-ut authorities to possess scenic features SUI
per.'r even 70 those Of the Rhine. DR. Edward
Has5man Hall one Of the secretaries Of the
tildson- Fulton Celebration Commission has
written:
This beauty Sc famous throughout the world
e. due 20 very ancient causes; and the person
Mi.o all search beyond the surface Appearances
fer those causes will truly find, as Shakespeare
says. sermons in stones and books in running
brooks The variety of the Hudson's scenery is
due - tie extraordinary range of its geological
L!stJcS. From its source 20 the sea It is an
bpjtome Of creation. 1t rises in the Adirondack
Mourtains. which, now towering TO a height of
q i''2 eat. although once much higher lifted