Albuquerque citizen. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1907-1909, 1909-04-10
Government Official In Speech
at Chicago Says
Movement Is
Gaining.
PEACE ADVOCATES
HAVE BEEN BUSY
Nations Of the World Are Heedinq
Cry From Societies and
Hague Court Was
Big Step For
ward.

Chicago, April 1O.-secretary of
War Dickinson. responding to the
toast The Progress of Peace" at
banquet given Oy the Hamilton club
in this city last night, called atten-
ton to the fact that mankind was
always hoping for the fulfillment of
the prophecy that strong nations
shall beat their swords into plow-
shares, and their spears into pruning
hooks, nation shall not lift up sword
against nation. neither shall they
learn war any more" He said that
the time was not far distant but
there has been such development and
strengthening of the forces that
make for peace that its advocates are
boldly aggressive, knowing that they
have the potentiality that comes
from the quickened. universal con-
science of an enlightened age" The
present status. in the progress of
peace he said, is the product of CEN
turies. International arbitration,
which entered upon a new era about
1915, he said, ''has so progressed in
our time that no one can doubt that
Ii is the most powerful force now
working upon the nations for the
temporal happiness of mankind. In
ternationsl arbitration. as we know
IL, is no more the product of the last
hundred years that was the federal
constitution of 1888 a product of that
era. 1t is the flower of our time"
Secretary Dickinson cited various
steps in the progress of arbitration
and said "the formation of our fed
al
first time a court with full and final
power to settle all controversies be-
tween sovereign states, was the great
est step ever taken toward substitu-
tion of judicial procedure for appeal
to arms Three separate boards of
arbitration We're created under the
Jay treaty of 1894, ne said which
contained provisions for adjusting by
arbitration three questions which
threatened to involve us in war with
Great Britain A general reaction
prevailed in all civilized countries, af-
ter the overthrow of Napoleon,
against barbarous methods of settling
disputes Peace ideas" he said,
were fostered and promoted in every
way. Peace societies and peace CON
crosses constantly stirred the con-
science of the world"
Speaking of the various treaties
made by the United States declaring
this country in favor of arbitrable
settlement of international disputes,
he said that the treaty of 1S4S be-
tween the United States and Mexico
provided that the two nations would
in the future adju-t their disagree
ments by pacific negotiations and by
arbitration. The Sena,e committee ON
foreign relations in a resolution re-
ported to the Senate in 1851 declared
that it was desirable to secure in
treaties a provision for arbitration.
The years 1854, 1872. 1874 and 1883
found similar resolutions introduced.
The treaty which most profound
ly Influenced the ideas of the world"
continued Mr.. Dickinson, was that
of Washington in 1871, which pro-
vided for four arbitrations. In 1868,
during tho preliminary negotiations,
Mr. Adams assured Lord Russell that
there was no fair and equitable form
of conventional arbitratment to
which America would be willing to
submit" The secretary of war said
that Lord Russell was accredited in
the beginning as saying that England
would not be disgraced forever if
foreign government were ltll 10 al u
trate whether an English secretary
of state has been diligent or negli-
gent in the discharge OF his duties
"Mr. Adams rose again to a great
height and saved the treaty by get
ting his colleagues to make an eX~
trajudicial but effective declaration
that certain claims ought to be eN-
cluded from consideration, Mr.. Adams
declaring that he would be assuming
a great responsibility, but that he
did not do so as an arbitrator repre-
senting his own country but as rep
resenting all nations.
These long painful but successful
negotiations, continued the war sec
retary. during which so many irrl-
tating questions arose, which result
of such a great achieve
ttest the fixed purpose
to use every effort To
of arms The next N
re the arbitration held
SO in the fur seal case
al tribunal which de-
kan boundary dispute
I on Page Four)