davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington herald., 1909-11-07

4 recently issued bulletin Of the Agri-
cultural Department gives much interest
ing information relative TO sources Of The
common fiavoring extracts. The bulletin
is not intended 20 tell housekeepers how
to make these fRvOrs. and it VIII be OF
no service in that regard. yet the bulletin
is full Of facts about vanilla, lemon, or
ange, and other extracts which will
greatly enlighten those who use them.
Among other things, the bulletin says
that lemon and vanilla are the most
widely used favoring extracts, consutut-
ing about % per cent OF the whole. They
are also among the comparatively few OF
these flsvors that are produced from the
fruits. other favors are chiefly artificial
and many OF them could not be made
from the fruits from which they are
named by any process known TO modern
chemistry.
Orange. wintergreen, and peppermint
are made from the fruit and leaves OF the
plants
Vanilla from a Bean.
Vanilla comprises three times as much
Of the worlds consumption OF extracts as
all the rest Of the favors. It is a curious
fact that the navoring Is purely an Amer
lean institution, though. owing to its con-
venient form. the use of the extract. real
and artificial, is extending over the civil
lied world. 1t may be taken for granted
that all the pineapple. peach, strawberry.
and many other favors used are artificial,
as an acceptable havoring extract cannot
be made from these fruits.
All real vanilla IS made from the vanil-
la bear, which came originally from Mex
ico where the best grades Of beans are
still produced 1t was discovered in Mex
leo in 1919 by a Franciscan friar. Bern
hardino de Sahasan.
The NIexicGrs were at that time using
it exclusively 70 favor cocoa, and the
bean was introduced into Europe. where
1t was used for fiavoring and where at
tempts We're made 20 grow IL. The vine
requires a tropical climate. and although
II has now spread 10 many OF the tropi-
cal countries of the world, the Mexican
bean still holds its superiority. Consider
able quantities are produced in the val
ley OF the Auldhou anu lil 1 anti, as We'll
as in Java and BOrneo. but they are
smaller than Mexican beans and not OF
good flavor.
The vanilla vine must be three years
old before it produces beans, and there
has been little progress in preparing il
since it was first discovered. The natives
in Mexico used to depend entirely on in
sects to pollenize the flowers but this
practice has been changed and now the
flowers are fertilized by hand, so that the
grower can regulate the number OF beans
that each plant produces.
Curiously enough, the bean has no odor
o. flavor when It is first matured. This
is produced entirely during its fermenta-
ton. The beans are wrapped in small
bundles and exported at about 30 cents a
bean. so that the crop is a valuable one.
How II Is Manufactured.
When the extract is manufactured the
bean is soaked IN 80 per cent alcohol and
the havoring thus obtained, but the high
grade havoring extract is at a decided
premium on the market, and ali sorts OF
diluted solutions are used, some Of which
contain a little vanilla and some none at
all The refuse beans are sometimes
The Washington herald., 1909-11-07
How 1t Is Manufactured.

When the extract is manufactured the
bean is soaked IN 50 per cent alcohol and
the havoring thus obtained, but the high
grade havoring extract is at a decided
premium on the market, and ali sorts OF
diluted solutions are used, some Of which
contain little vanilla and some none at
all The refuse beans are sometimes
The Washington herald., 1909-11-07

pressed with glycerin and sugar 20 give
sweetness in body 10 the compound and
sometimes the alleged extract is simply a
synthetic combination made IN a labera-
tory and has never been near a vanilla
plantation.
HiEh-Erade lemon extract IS made with
alcohol in much the same way. but the
preliminaries arc different The oil OF
lemon is extracted entirely from the rinds
Of the fruit. and IS made almost exclu-
sively IN the Island Of Sicily. where the
chief lemon crop OF the world Is raised.
The extract IS made from the culls OF the
lemons which for any reason are not At
FOR export.
All the work IN Sicily Is done by hand.
Women and boys are employed 10 cut the
fruit into sections. while men press the
rinds over spOnges above a primitive
eartEenware jar and pour of the of as It
accommodates above the juice and water IN
the Jar. One man viii produce from two
TO three pounds OF oil of lemon IN a day.
For this he is paid from 40 20 80 cents.
and the oil itself sells for about 81 a
pound.
Extracts Made from Plants.
Other favorinE extracts which are made
from the real plants ars winterEreen and
peppermint The chief scene Of pepper
mint growing is in Michigan, Northern
Indiana. and Wayne County, " Y Liquid
wintergreen is produced largely around
White Haven. Pa, though there are a
few other localities where it is distilled.
On both cases the extract IS made by
passing steam through large watts contain
ing the plant and condensing the result
ing water and oil in a worm stiIl, such as
is used for making whisky. The water is
drawn of the bottom and the resulting
extract is saved.
Almond extract is the other principal
product made outside Of a laboratory and
can be manufactured from almost any
thing. The chief material used is apricot
and peach kernels, and both OF these con-
tain a large quantity Of hydrOcianic acid,
which is about the most deadly poison
known. This IS removed by treatment Of
lime and with copperas, after which the
extract IS made with alcohol
In nearly all these cases coIorinE mat
ter Is used TO bring the extract UP 10 the
appearance that 1t IS supposed by the
consumer 10 have. As a matter OF fact,
however several Of the extracts are al
most colorleSs when in the pure state.
The Washington herald., 1909-11-07
WILL EXTEND RAILROAD.
Company VIII Construct Tracks
Seven Miles Out OF Fernvood.

Company VIII Construct Tracks
Seven Miles Out OF Fernwood.
Columbia. Misc. Nov. 6-The Fern
wood and Gulf Railroad Company Will
begin operations az once on the extension
OF its line from Tylertown to a point
seven miles distant IN the direction OF
Columbia This road now operates be-
tween Tylertown and Fernwood, and has
a regular passenger schedule OF two
trains a day. besides doing a satisfactory
freight business.
The Fernwood Lumber Company. in the
interest Of which this road is mainly op-
Grated. has vast timber holdings in
Marion County. consisting Of about 1900
acres OF virgin pine forests, and the ex-
tension OF this road is in the direction OF
this timber.
Bids have been asked FOR and the con-
tract for the construction OF the road
Will be let at once.
The Washington herald., 1909-11-07

The Appalachian National Forest AS
sociation proposes to keep faith with IT.
self. with the South, and with the hand
full Of devoted men and women Of that
section who are helping with hands and
mind and money the effort We are MAX
ing 10 nave the South understand and
know what the forest question is, and
what is the vital concern in its present
use and its perpetuation through all fu-
ture years.
The South breathes Opportunity OPP
portunity 10 use prohtably its vast
stores OF natural wealth in soils and
streams and minerals and forests-an OPP
portunity that is being so comprehended
and grasped that in the South lies the
new and almost unfallowed field for ne
tional endeavor and profit and upbuild-
ing-but opportunity carrying with It
grave responsibilities and duties that this
upbuildlng and exploitation shall be ac-
companied by wise craftsmanship and
unselhshness.
Means Much TO the south.
The forest question IS Of large import
South it has enormous present and fu-
ture value; Il affects in an intimate and
vital way every man, woman. and child
in the South; Il has an important rela-
ton to and bearing on Southern agricul-
ture and manufacture. Southern health
and climate. Southern water power. wat
er supply. and navigation; its rapid and
systematic destruction means the ult-
mate turning into a barren and desert
waste OF our fair and prosperous South
land
Because the South was ignorant OF, or
Indifferent TO. these things. our asso-
citation camo into being two years ago;
that present conditions imply a better I'M
derstanding Is a sign or hope that our
efforts are IN part rewarded, but much
remains 70 be done, for we have not yet
won our fight for tho Appalachian Ma
tional Forest. nor has much substantial
progress been made in our work FOR
State forests and Tor the doing OF the
State duty IN forest conservation.
Campaign Of Education.
There remains, therefore. a held-an
urgent demand-for a work that can
properly he described az a national and
patriotic duty" and this Involves a con
tinued educational campaign I'm which the
forest facts and conditions and the
South's concern in them shall be per
sistently and truthfully set forth until
the South fully awakens from her indit-
ference. and acts.
In thus keeping faith. II Is proposed
TO contribute 70 all the leading Southern
papers a weekly letter. carrying reliable
forest news, practice. happenings, and
needs. covering not only the national and
State forest work IN our own country,
but telling what other nations are doing
IN this great work OF forest perDetuatfon;
not dry statistics. but live news OF a
live topic, for the forest is a living thing,
JOHN T. FINNEY.
Sn0rpfrrr
The Washington herald., 1909-11-07
VIII Export Manchurinn Coal.

The South Manchurian Railway Com
pany recently established a coal depot at
Newchwang for the storage and exporta-
ton Of coal from the Fushan mines. II
is also reported that this company ex-
poets 70 remove some OF the discrimina-
tons which have prevailed in regard to
freight rates against Newchwang and in
favor OF Dalny,
The Washington herald., 1909-11-07
(rOna In lInnchurIn

The crops I'm Manchuria for this year
are reported 20 be not so good as they
were last year. especially IN the district
around NeWchWang. owing 10 irregularity
I'm the rainfall. Farther north the con-
ditions are said to be better
The Washington herald., 1909-11-07
SOURCE OF FLAVORS
How Common Extracts Are
Made for the Trade.
SOME ARE FROM LABORATORY

Lemon, Vanilla, WinterEreen, and
Peppermint Comes Directly from
Fruits and PIantS-PrOceSSeS of
Production Chiefly American-Oth-
ers Bear No Relation TO Names.
The Washington herald., 1909-11-07
Yankee Coal Mines

Coal mines the United States gave
employment As men last year. near
" 1000 more than the year befnrA
The sun., 1909-05-02

though the stud book proves fairly con-
clusively that every gray must have had
one parent OF that color IL by no means
follows that any ono. .deslrous OF breeding
a gray can make certainty Of It by mat
ing two grays together. We have already
seen that the union OF two firm old gray
lines when united in the case Of Strath-
conan and Perse verance instead Of fixing
seemed on the other hand to obliterate
the color henceforth. As further e>-
ample to the same effect we find the gray
mare Lady Grace, when mated with a
gray horse, DownPetrick. produced
chestnut, whereas she bred seven grays
out of ten foals to horses of other colors.
This 10 one of the color problems that must
be left to the savants for elucidation.
In other instances. particularly Ia the
earlier days OF the thorou ghbred, the
union Of two gray parents seemed to have
the opposite effect, and tended to fix the
COLOR permanently.
The question Of the regular trans
mission Of color Is very interesting
though satisfactory explanation may
not be forthcoming. Why. for instance.
should the sires Of some lines OF blood never
produce chestnut for many generations.
no matter how strongly inbred the mares
mated with them may be to that impress
sive color2 st. Simon. for instance, has
never sired a chestnut, nor has his son
st. Serf. whereas other famous st. Simon
horses yearly are credited with small
portion of foals Of that color
The sun., 1909-05-02
THE DRIFT OF 4 MARK.
Eastern Yacht Clubs Buoy Makes
Voyage Out. to Sea-

The drift OF bottles and other things on
the ocean always forms interesting studies
and bottles are often thrown from vessels
in order to determine the set OF currents
on the wide ocean. Last winter q spar
buoy used at Marblehead as turning
point for the races got adrift and made q
was recovered, according to Forest and
Last fall. when the racing marks Of
Marblehead were to be taken up after the
racing was finished. mark 2. known as the
southeast mark. could not 5s found. This s
1t was thought that the buoy. with It's long
flagstaff, had been run down BY some sail
ing or steam vessel. No report was re-
ceived Of the missing buoy until just before
Christmas. when an incoming vessel re-
eass%s NothIns ~ Hnssn more Was heard until last
month, when Graves Of Marblehead. who
has charge OF the marks for the Eastern.
Cornthian and Boston yacht clubs. re.
ceived word that q fishing schooner had
brought z racing mark into provinoetown,
Of Race Point. A description being sent
to Provincetown. It proved to be the long
missing racing mark No. ?, and II was
shipped back to Marblehead. arriving last
The buoy shows hardly any. marks from
has been sawed In two for shlpmept and
that the paint Is somewhat more chipped
of than that Of its sisters. which only were
af oat during the summer months. That
this buoy. with its twenty foot pole, should
drift about in Massachusetts Bay for sis y.
alone not being run into by night. seems
sonnet hing OF q wonder
The sun., 1909-05-02
PHILADELPHIA .RACEABOUTS.
Corinthian Club ArranSes for Series
Racing During the Season.

The race committee Of the Corinthian
Yacht Club of Philad elphia. Addison F.
Bancroft. chairman; Charles Fl. Brock and
George Breed. has arranged . series OF
raceabout contests for the coming season.
These are open to any raoesbouts enrolled
In q recognized yacht club. and the races
are to be sailed on May 1, l5 and 70, June u
and 20 and July 5. Commodore E. W. Clark
offers q prize TO the boat scoring the most
points in the series and the club offers
prizes for each, race to the winner, q second
prize II four start and third II seven start.
Points are to be scored by the system credit
ing each yacht with one point for each
yacht 1, beats and an extra point TOR start
Ing; The races @ are to be started at . o'clock
eaSn boat raSe IN |his elias. 4. intended to b.
seaworthy boat with fair accommodations,
rigged simply With only malnsaii, fore,
staysail or jib and spinnaker. The length
on the load water line with full equipment
on board must not exceed 2i feet. The
beam at the load water line shall be at
least feet and In centreboard boats at
least I feet Q inches, The fyeeboard must
not be less than 20 inches, With . reduction
Of one inch for every increase OF four inches
In the beam over the minimum allowed.
The length Of the cockpit must not be more
These boats are not allowed to cary moro
than 900 square feet OF canvas, and Of this
not more than $50 feet may be In the MAIN
sail. The boats are 70 be we'll equipped,
built according to seantling rules. and crews
may not be more than three persons. one
OF whom may be q professional,
There are several Of these boats owned
by yachtsmen who race on tho Delaware,
and an interesting series In expected.
The sun., 1909-05-02
Yachts Change Hands.

The following sales of yachts are report ed
through Tams Lemoine d Crane:
The last cruising motor boat Crawling,
sold by e. X g. Billings to John Sherman
Foyt. The Graylng was built from designs
by Tams l.emoine 4 Crane two years auo
and is no feet long. She has q Standard
motor OF 400 horsepower and can make
20 miles an hour,
The motor yacht There She Goes snld to
Archer " Huntington. This boat is 20 fee,
long and has a speed Of 23 miles an hour
She Ia tn be named Fledermaus
The cruising motor Yacht Elkhorn sold
by 4 o. Turner to George A, Drawer This
Yacht is i0I feet long and Is fitting ou, al
Baltimore. She wi. he used by Mr.. Draper
In eastern waters.
;, The auxiliary schooner Marjorie. sold by
+. l.. 81 John 20 Y. L. Chadbourne .Jr, This
Yacht iSto he renamed Robin aud will prob
ably he a starter IN the Bermuda race.
The sloon Electra. sold by Horace Have
meyer to J.. {. Dckerson. who will rename
her Adventures and race her on Bhrnegat
Bav.
rhe hunting cabin launch Relinhle. sold
hy Robert ". Enmons ~ To Henry 7.
Sloane, Who will use her al lsleshoro. Me,
The English steam Yacht Medusa has
been chartered for Francis Farouhar TO
s. r Bert ron, who will use her in the Medi-
terrAnean. The Medusa is 72o feet long.
The houseboat Nirodha, chartered to
Hugh D. huchincloss for cruise in Florida
eno "uu waters
The sun., 1909-05-02
WRIGHT,s GOOD BILLIARDS.
san Francisco Amateur Played ConHs
tently IN Champaonship Tourney.

n. A. Wright Of San Frsnoisco, who WOE
the 1872 balk line amateur billiard tourna.
ment at the German Uederkranz. played
most consistent billiards In each OF ms
four games. He won each game and the
amateur championship. This 10 the thiro
year Wright has tried for that honor and he
has always done well. but has not been
strong enough TO stand the strain Of long
tournament. This year he was ln oeter
ssg hsst year ao he beat psmsrest. G The winner Of
the tournament. and was beaten y Conskln, 10,
which Caused q three cornered Tie. and On
the play Of Demsrest won and osptpred tne
by the B. 3. c, Company. which has % be
won twice by the same player before 1t be-
comes his property.
10 1874. That be made when playing
against Or. Mial. running out ~ twenty
four innings. In his game with Joseph
Mayer he averaged le. running out IN twenty
twenty-fve ihnInss. His poorest game
was against Conklin. which took thirty-nve
innings to complete. Jackson. WIG repre-
managed ] to i' lie Wrsht's bsss svsrsse.
also ~ wa: made mad Il In the the contest With pr. MAJ.
= prize was offered By The AedeakIah, 5 = g AZ;
played game to settle the ownership Of that
prize, Then Wright played more up to the
form he had shown In practice he ran out
In fifteen innings with an average OF ~ lo-ib.
which proved conclusively that he was en-
titled'to the best average prize.
The best grand average was also made
by Wright. 1t took Iii fnningS for him 70
complete his SCORES In the four games and
his average was II 48=lu. Clarence jackson
made the next best average, 10 77-134, and
DR.. l.. l.. Mlsl, who did not win q game.
was. close behind Jackson With 10 4o-i2e.
Conklin wes reyt Nth al-tk4, and MAYER
was last with 8 s0-137.
Wright defeated the combined SCORES OF
his competitors by 600 to s3o, or 90 points.
mept proper, scored 40 points TO i,5ai
by his opponsnts: jackson. who won I've
games. scored 1912 points to his opponents
was behind in the grand total. He scored
only, l,l2o, while hie opponents scored
total OF ,S52. DR.. Mial did not win game,
He played consistently but showed lack
OF practice. He made $50 points. against
! 800 by his opponents.
Joseph Mayer made the high, run OF the
tournament, for which q special prise was
offered. That run was &c. Several times
other players almost equalled that run.
Wright mad run Of IS aSainst Mai and IN
other games made runs OF %. 81 and 30.
jackson made run OF 10 and DR.. Mai made
The folio owing tables show the records
of the Ave players who took part In the
These tables do not take into
consideration the tie games that we're played
on afterward. .a. .
The sun., 1909-05-02

The pureh.ss Of tss Sc .s,dr.sn e ,sTd S9 fsss on
ST ne Ions Island Motor PARKWAY, Inr
srrsnreme m Mt wifS the city whereby a speed.
way can be built from The North ShST
City to the oueepsboro Bridfe; Tn.
project Ia suegested TO relieve. oueens
6isewsys of'eongestiou by reno vips from
law s:% .SSSftSS stnss tSs ds1sispmsps Of sIcu.y;
home. ssotiens along tie Vast River ana
eeuAd frono st ouss14 .--
The sun., 1909-05-02
Aouar,un.s Crop OF yellow Perch.

Out OF q batch OF eggs brought from
wading River, L. l., and hatobed out
in the New York Aquarium's model fish
hatchery. about 100000 yellow perch
fry were late In April deposited par,
In waters IN the neighborhood Of Her,
lington, N. T., and part In waters about
6outhheld. while 10000 were sent 10 Brons
Park and about 5000 were dSpositsd n
the Bronx River.
The sun., 1909-05-02
PrOlluc 81. J0s<J,h.

From Whife's Closs Adper7isfrc.
II IL possible to eat . full dinner in ST.
Joseph. Mo-. without going outside OF
the city limits The banquet given hy
the St. Joseph Ad Club for the south
western division Of the Associated Ad-
vertising Clubs proved this fact; Every,
thing from sou D to nuts--and still eyond
was made in St. Joseph.
The sun., 1909-05-02

to fifteen mile run on the programme OF
sunday. il Is announced that Lewis fewan. wan.
ina, the Indian. will start and endeayor Ia
set up new figures and likewise to take the
Nike Ryan. Harry Jenssn and Biiiy re Rozett
Another attraction will be 800 yard match
race between Harry l., Hillman and Nj. "
p% and sasEesH. ssy x ns eF iii. sex oe
new clubs who are on the hunt for original
,sMs Mso1an Al 70 Epsph 'hsTS could hs the
4, C.. Requiem A.. c.. Sarcophagus 4. C.,
Eiegy A. c.. Reouieeent A. G.. and several
According to a South African exchange
the Transvaal track and field champion
ship took place at Driehock. on March n
r. u. Walker Won the a2o yard in the rather
slow time for him OF ?? 2-5 seconds Victor
nuncker romped away With FIRST medal in
uneven grass course. J, Harness won
the four mile in 20 minutes rs seconds and
be won a trial heat OF the 100 ward early in
the day in 10 rs seconds. Tho half mile
was Won by 8. Jacobs Of the Druerrsdorf
IS saa hst Walker a %ss make I oS Sis home IL
Rnaland. and II is said while in Britain this
year he win represent the Broushtop. Har-
In the Walker itinerary so far. =
The track and Geld at Travers Island have
taken on some looks Of activity Of late
lack Telford, the trackmaster. has been
furnishing up the fixtures so that when the
real spell Of training weather comes In
sight everything win be h proper shape
The hurdles. high jump. pole vault and other
fixtures have been Vanished and a new set
OF weights have been ordered. II Is said
that .W,efers has half dozen dark horses
which Re intends to Introduce TO the boys
the next sunny Sunday at the island,
The International gymnastic competition
between England and Scotland for the Adj
ans shield took place at Birmingham re-
Gently. il resulted In a victory for Eng
land by sea points to ss7.for Scotland.
Deming graphic. (Deming, N.M.) 1903-1948, 1909-05-28

Sam Lindauer has returned
from California, where he has
been attending the Leland Stan.
ford university. Sans num-
erous friends are very glad to
welcome him home.
Billie Martin, the affable and
efficient district court clerk, and
one of New Mexico's most dis
tinguished citizens and Repub-
lican leaders, who has been here
in his official capacity at the reg
ular session of court, offered to
shove his credit on The Graphic
ahead another year or so, but as
he is already away up yonder on
the honor roll we just couldn't
take the money. However, we
are full of appreciation and wish
there were ten thousand more
Republicans in New Mexico just
like Billie. His kind is worth
while.