Omaha daily bee., 1909-12-17
TYPE CHANGES IN AMERICA
Second Generation Of Foreigners
Shows Marked Racial Differences
EXPERTS REPORT TO CONGRESS
Change In shape of Heads one Differ
eace Noted and Fanuies Are
Smaller. hut Individuais
Are Larger.

WASHINGTON. Dec M-That the phyS-
cal form a. well as The HABITS q living
and WAYS e thinking q TIE descendants
Of foreigners who imnigrats 20 America
10 different from that q their ancestors =
TIRE conclusion q TIE imuiGraticn comuis
son. as embodied in The preliminary re
port Of thst body which TO-DAY vas pre-
.erted 70 congress IRE discovery is re-
Earded a. important in AnthroPologcAl
science as indicating TIE development q
a distinct American physical type n per
sors q European descent
The in~vss1tEstion Which las brought this
fact 10 The surface vas undertaken soon
after The appointment o. TIE commission
and 50 was conducted in a scientific man
nsr ~ the comparison % measurements Of
the bodies Of such Immigrants ard their
descendants A. different ages AnA under
differtInE circumstances The l-yesuEs-
ton vas places in the hands ~ a commit
tee COMPOSED q members o. ne commits
sioa ard Prot Franz Bors q Columbia
university, WIN vas engaged A. expert
The inquiry was confined TO New York
City and 80 far as the present report
shows vas restricted TO sclisns ard Eas1
European Hebrews A later report wtl
49, Va - - A-A
Bohemtzms HunEAriHns and Scotch
TTPe Changes In America
The report indicates that the descendant
% TIE European IMMIGRANT changes liz
type even in the first generation. almost
entirely. Children born even g few years
after the arr1val Of ths immigrant parents
in America develop In such a way that
they differ IN Ups. essentially. from Their
foretIn born parents. These differences
seem 10 develop during the earliest child
hood and persist through lie Every part
Of the body IL influenced in this way. and
even the form Of the head. which has
always been considered as ore Of TIE most
permanent hstedltaIs features. uHGei sues
considerable changes.
In an Official Synopsis Of the com
missions report attention is called TO the
fact that even the most stable racial
rnsractsr4stics seem to Rave changed under
TIE rev enironment and this fact is com
msnted upon as fellows:
Til would indicate the conclusion that
racial. physical characteristics DO not SUI
vivs under the new social and climatic
environment Ct America The -staptzbaGty
Of TIRE various races coming together OF
our shores, = these indie ions shall be
fully borne OUT r. later study, 10 be much
greater iran hat teen Anticipated II
the AnericsDFn-vi-ouue1 can b-nE about
an assimilation Of tie head forms in the
first generation may Il not be that o.he-
characteristics may be as easily modified
and that there may be a rapid assimilation
Of widely varying nztionslities and races
10 some thing that may wei be called Al
American typey'
me commission Gays II is too early to
pronounce absolutely upon this question.
CAanEe shape of HesdI.
Among other results noted. il Is shown
thst the American bern children o. the
long headed S41llans and those OF the
round headed East European Hebrews have
very nearly the same interusdizta head
form The caldrsl Of the long headed
SicIllsls are more round headed, the chill
dren sf the round headed Hebrews are
mere long headed than their parents Sim
lar changes are traced in the development
Of the faces Of these types.
The analEamztion Is most rapid during
the period Immediately f-oLoEing ne AZ
rival Of the immigrants. The difference in
type between parents and children mani
! fesLs ItEeS almost Immediately after their
ARRIVAL here Among Individuals born q
long tine after TIE arrival q the parents
, in America The difference Ia increased
but only slightly ss compared 10 the great
differences that develops a. once.
? Up 10 this TN the Investigations have
not been cEIrlsO 30 far a. 10 6stsrmlns
Z xnGI happens in the second k=zsrauou Of
! immigrants; but Il seems -ksIy that the
] influence Al work among the first genera
ton born il America VII Be SUI further
Aece1tUztsd
a Families Smaller, FkyEiqae Larger.
. The commission has also made The dis
e0ve-y thSt as = rule there Is q failing ir
the size Of families after their arrival IL
: The United states and oolncidelt wiLl tall
6lscu-eTy has come the more important
2 rel =lEti0n thai a. the number Of chldre1
Z decreases the sEe Of the individuals in.
c-zases. This fact Is discoyeTzoie auous
2 the children Of Ihs EeIl-to-5o a. vel a.
= tEuss o. the DOor.
Z Another result Of TIE investigation Is II,
4 development u the fact that while re
nOyL from Europe 10 sew York mas IA,
. q beneficial effect upon the physique o
? east European Hebrews the result ma
been 5usp the opposite upon the slcIlaas
y tie conclusions being that bad Ley Al
the surroundings In New YORK are bette
for the Jews Thar il their city homes j
% the OLD world, while the crampsd quarter
which the SIclIzns occupy in New Tor.
= are not 50 desirable Is their rural ar