davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-04-22
SCIENTIFIC METHODS EMPLOYED

There is no better capital in farm
ing than knowledge. But it is easier
to appreciate this when we see it
worked out in tangible results. To see
the truth about our soil and actually
apply the treatment demanded means
ample reward.
Judge ]. Otis Humphrey of the
United States District court at Spring.
field, ILL.,, has given a striking example
Oh TINS. He is a careful student of
agriculture, and thought that a forty
acre farm adjoining his land could be
INDUCED to quit it's loafing and get
down to business, the soil itself being
originally good.
IL had grown nothing but corn for
many years and recently had produced
no more than twenty to twenty five
oushels per acre, along with perfect
stand of cookie burs,
Judge Humphrey bought the place at
$40 per acre and began with oats The
9leid was little less than thirty BUSH
els per acre, worth 81 cents per bushel.
An immense crop of burs was plowed
under the middle of August and wheat
sown.
Clover was sown the following
spring. The harvest resulted in a WELD
OF seventeen bushels per acre. The
latent half of the cookie bur seed, which
mad lain in the ground two years, came
up along with the clover, and the plants
We're all clipped off in August.
The third year Q9O) two fine crops
Oh clover were produced, two tons per
acre OF hay and four bushels per acre
Oh SS.50 seed. This one year the land
returned three-fourths of it's cost price.
Fine ground rock phosphate. 1900
pounds per acre, and a heavy applica-
ton of barnyard manure were applied
to this clover ground.
When the land was broken for corn
last spring the clover had made a
growth of twenty inches, and this sup
plled valuable green manure. The
corn was planted early, Well worked
ana yielded about seventy five bushels
per acre of well -matured corn, which
nearly equaled the value Of the last
years clover crop.
The four crops paid for the farm. the
fertilizer and manures. all labor he
slowed and left some margin besides
The burs are gone. Much of the ma
nure and phosphorus applied remains
in the soil to increase future crons
onder this more intelligent treatment
greater use will be made of the plant
food that was in the soil. This farm
is now $3.50 land.
Ihese actual results on Sangamon
county farm speak louder than any
mere argument could for needing the
teachings of science and the methods
OF the most successful farmers and
haTanS tho courage to put into actual
pr1csscs the proven principles of agri-
staeEsas-Astnur ]. Bill, Illinois Farm
instftMss.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-04-22
10 FALSE PURE.BRED COLTS

In all pure breeds tse original "scrub''
blood at the foyAaatinn is ever see,,-
ing to reinstatef ltRsa1 In short, there
is a tendency 10 aA pare-bred animals
to degenerate or retrogreas toward
orig1asl and less perfect types, and
nothing VIII more surely ana speedily
stimulate this tsadency than lack of
nutritious food. In the absence of suf-
hc1ent nutrition OF complete nutrition
the possibilities of perfection Inherited
from pure-bred sires or dams but nap
tally materialize or wholly fail to Sc
sert themselves,
Inc Well-born but incompletely nour-
lshed colt fails to develop and at ma
turlty is no less a weed" than is the
ordinary scrub or native animal. On
the other hand. if the dam is adequately
nourlshed on complete rations during
pregnancy and when nursing, and the
colt from weaving time forward is as
perfectly and fully fed. it will in all
probability develop to the high stand
ard of size, power, quality and char
acter made possible by it's breeding.
In addition to proper feeding n &c
likewise necessary to protect the voune
deVeloplng animal against every pos
sipie cause of debility, discomfort and
III nealth that would tend to retard it's
growth. Shelter must therefore be suf-
hcient, disease must be fought against
vermin must be prevented from san
ping the constitution, and fresh air
sunlight, adequate exercise and kindly
care must take full part in perfecting
the development of the animal
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-04-22
LIVING IN PEcos VALLEY
IA Boys Interesting Letter of New Mexico. !

IA Boys Interesting Letter of New Mexico.1
/ am farmer boy. We came ont
here and settled in this new country
when there was not a house in sight in
the Pecos valley. My father built a
small house about the first thing and
then sent for mother.
We thought as there was no feed
oxen was the best team we could get
as they could live on grass and work
too.
We bought two yoke of oxen. They
are as gentle as kittens and I could
soon ride all four of them.
l used riding pillow so I could give
my whole attention to driving those
oxen and it took my attention and NV
patience, too, for every once in a while
one of the four would stop to eat grass
After while by sticking right to n
we got some blowing done and raised
some corn and maize
A boys life on farm is not com
plete without pony and dog and q
gun, and Ithave all of these.
There are plenty of rabbits, SO NV
gun comes in handy. My dog is most
too little to catch rabbits, but I am
teaching him to run a trail.
My pony is just a wild pony off of
the plains She is as black as Black
Beauty. She is so gentle now that a
lady can ride her.
Besides my pony I have a COW and
a calf. / wish / could show you the
picture of my pony, COW, calf and dog
and the oxen.-Excell Giddings. BY
mum. N. M.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-04-22
THE KITCHEN WINDOW BOX

Sow seeds of curled parsley in the
window box and keep in the kitchen
window. Besides being fine for soups
1T makes fine garnish for meat and
salad dishes.
In plant raising and growing sue
cess is built upon failures. Profit by
the mistakes.
Seed boxes are called flats and
should be four to six inches deep, a
size to handle easily, with cracks or
bored holes in the bottom for drainage.
The soil used should not be unduly
rich and should be thrown roughly into
the bottom, a few inches deep, then
fine, sifted soil to a depth of an inch
or more covering this.
Scatter the seeds, or plant in little
open trenches, covering according to
size, pressing down the soil with a
piece of fiat board.
Very small seeds should be barely
covered, larger seeds to deeper depth.
Many hard-shelled seeds, like the
Gamma, must have the outer shell filed
or soaked by pouring boiling water
over, letting stand until cool before
planting.
The soil should be well wet. then
covered with a piece of flannel and set
away in dark, warm place until the
little plants begin to show, then
brought gradually to the light, remov-
ing the cover Sprinkle the soil care
fully SO as not to disturb the young
rootlets.
DO not keep too wet, or the young
plants will have a tendency to damp
OIL Give plenty of air and sunshine
and thin the plants to avoid spindling
growth. Transplant to other boxes as
growth indicates in order to give stocky
growth.
Plant Gamma, palm and many other
seeds In boxes now. Pot the summer
towering bulbs in late February or
March. Plant double daisy seeds to
be transplanted later outside: Use judg-
ment in potting and planting, suiting
these operations to your ability to care
for the young plants. Nothing is
gained by early planting If neglect is
practiced.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-04-22
PLANT AN ORCHARD

/ am commercial fruit grower, but
all the same l advise all farmers to
grow fruit for their families for the
pleasure of having it fresh and abun-
dant the year around, for the healthful-
ness of it and to make the farm at
tractive to the children.
Some say they can buy what they
want, but they seldom buy freely, or
they can't spare the time and labor:
but these cost far less than to buy
much
1t should be deemed a duty to supply
the family with fruit in great album
dance the entire year.
The family fruit orchard should he
near the house for convenience. even
if some distant knoll may be really :
better spot for the fruit. Accessibility
should decide.
1t should be long and proportion
ately narrow rectangular plot, for the
convenience of horse cultivation that
there may be as little hand hoeinp as
possible, and should be tiled If it needs
it.-W. G. Farnsworth. Ohio.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-04-22

is especially favorite remedy for cut
worm, though the finely pulverized soil,
which is a resultant, invites the ants
freely.
The pupa OF the tomato worm is
often plowed up in the garden and is
distinguished by an appendage like the
handle of a pitcher. While in this
stage most insect life is dormant, the
it's disapproval of being disturbed by
a series of fops. If placed in sunny
window it will develop into mag
nificent butterfly-but every one knows
the horrid green larva which follows.
Every one is familiar with the snap
ping bugs or click beetles, which creep
into our windows and amuse us by
falling oil their packs and feigning
death Presently they make a clicking
noise and flop up several inches. IL they
fall on their backs the performance is
repeated until they aHght on their feet,
when they scamper off.
Their larvae live near the surface of
the ground, and from their long,
scarcely tapering form and hard cover
ing are known as WireWormS There
is hardly cultivated plant which they
do not infest, and, working as they do
beneath the soil, they are difficult to
cope with. If the cells containing the
pupae or recently transformed adults
are broken their inmates perish. Fall
blowing is one way to lessen the nuis-
ance, as the blowing and successive
must destroy many cells,
The lady bug in various forms is
quite common indoors and out, and
should be always carefully guarded
as one of the best aids in destroying
aphis. The little red lady bug with a
black dot on each wing cover is often
found about houses in winter and
should be transferred to the conserva-
tory or window garden.
1t is often mistaken for the buffalo
beetle and destroyed, though the latter
is smaller and black and white, with
simply longitudinal band of dull red
along both sides of the back.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-04-22
.BEAUTIfY THE HOME YARD
To Neglect Things That Beauti.
fy and UpIift Character Does
Not Always Pay.
BY H. H. SHEPARD.

The immediate grounds about the
farm dwelling can be made beautiful
and sanitary as few other places can.
The home grounds should be ample, as
large as is consistent with the size of
the dwelling, and much larger than
most farm home grounds are.
An acre is not too much. Some may
think that an acre of land is too much
to waste on simple dooryard, but it
must be remembered that this part of
the farm is Where the farmer and his
family live and spend greater part
of their time, and that the better the
home grounds the better will be the
life of the family.
1t is a wrong estimate of life and
property to be forever making money
to enlarge the farm in area, in buying
extra tracts of land for future use, and
not improve and make the best of the
little spot where the wife and children
must spend nearly all of their best life
Some look forward to and prepare
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-04-22
sTRYCHNINE A POOR HOG FOOD

A farmer read in an alleged farm
paper that strychnine is a good tonic
for hogs and concluded to try it on
about twenty of his herd He thought
MS hogs We're not fattening up as much
as they should, and although there was
no disease among them, as he could
discover. he concluded they needed a
tonic. He proceeded to dose up some
strychnine to give them. He gave II
to them in body, and Of course some
of them got more than their share.
The result was that fourteen of them
died, and died quickly, and almost
without struggle. Some of these
would weigh about 200 pounds. II is
not safe to give strong medicine 70
animals without knowing its effect
strychnine can be given to hogs or to
most any other animal without serious
results, but it must be given in proner
quantities and had better be prescribed
by physician or a veterinary.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-04-22
THE FIRST INCUBATOR
Directions Followed Closely
Will Result in Larger Per-
centage of Chicks.
BY BESSIE 1. PUTNAM.

1t is ready to work at any and all
seasons; the oil to run it costs less
than the food for hens doing the same
amount of work; there is no trouble
from rcrmin; broilers can be produced
early without interrupting biddy when
laying her highest priced eggs; the care
of the incubator is less work than that
of the hens to do it's work, especially
during the inclement season, and is
more agreeable. These are some of the
arguments in favor of the incubator.
1 On the other hand, a reliable hen will
produce fewer cripples, and perhaps
have better success if the eggs happen
to not be perfectly fresh; yet on this
point science is making rapid strides.
: Notice that say a reliable hen. But
these are rare. The average hen will
cot be better than the incubator, while
1nany fall far below the machine in
results.
If you contemplate putting Il in the
barn or some other our-of-the- way
place where it will be subjected to ex-
tremes of weather and little care
don't get it.
But if you have a dry and we'll
Ventilated room with a temperature of
preferably 60 degrees and not lower
than SO degrees at any time, and are
willing to give it a reasonable amount
of care, the investment will pay, even
If you do not want to raise more than
D hundred chicks in a season.
A cold room necessitates running the
lamp at the highest notch and doubling
the expense of oil; besides when the
sggs are aired they become chilled too
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-04-22
WORK IN THE HOME DAIRY

Powdered borax used occasionauv IN
place Of soap will keep the milk cans
sweet and clean.
1t is good plan to have two sat.
OF milk utensils. Rinse with clear hot
water IN which there is handful of
salt. Use no soap and let the utensils
used for nights milk have the sun and
air during the day and those used for
mornings milk have the air at night.
Handle the cow with her first calf
very gently. She is naturally irrita-
BILE and feverish and her udder and
teats are quite tender.
Allow the calf to stay with her far
a few days, because If it should be
taken away at once she would fret and
add to her fever.
She will probably act unnaturally.
but this will be due to her condition
and not always to her disposition.
If she is not handled with gentleness
at this critical time she may develop
into an unruly or even a vicious COW.
Never allow any person who has Just
come from the sick room to milk
COW.
Persons who have the care Of diph-
iberia or scarlet fever patients should
never enter the dairy.
1t is dangerous to keep milk in
cellar under a sickroom. as dangerous
diseases have been contracted in that
way
A large, coarse sponge is the best
thing to wash a cows udder, The
sponge should be washed every day in
a disinfectant and thoroughly aired.
We recently saw some diaries in
northern Illinois that in spite of alleged
state inspection would cause the aver
age consumer to have a fit If he knew
that he was drinking milk which came
from such places.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-04-22

suddenly and too much. II there are
extremes of temperature the regulator
and lamp will require very close watch-
ing.
While 1T should not be necessary to
Sit up nights with the incubator.
neltner is 1t wise to treat it like a
clock-to be wound UP once a day and
leIt 10 itself for the remainder of the
time. Nt''
cellar is apt to be damp and lack
ventilation. A chamber makes too
ihucn running up and down stairs. If
possible have it in a room adjoining
the one where the work is done.
Good results come, if the kitchen is
large enough, by placing the machine
IN one corner. Many successful poul-
Try women give it a place in the living
room, and even the parlor may be used
as there is nothing unsightly or I'M
TIDY about the work save the day or
TWO during the Matching process; and
then the interest makes amends for
the temporary disor6ssr.
Before buying, secure catalogues
from several reliable dealers, study
carefully the claims of the manufac-
turers and your own requirements.
AVOID the cheapest machine of anv
make. AS a rule it is so small that
IL Is difficult to secure uniformity IF
temperature in the egg chamber.
Inc nursery, an important adiunct
Is usually lacking in the smallest ma
chimes If one of the largest size is
CHOSEN 1T will be found cumbersome. n
requires too long time for filling n
your own eggs are used; if the hatch
happens to be a poor one your loss ;s
that much greater.
A machine of about 100-egg cana civ
is large enough for the beginner con.
ta1ns all essential conveniences and
one can later increase the capacity If
success attends the humber effort
Study both directions and machine
thoroughly before starting the incu-
pator. Have it on a firm, level foun.
uatlon and remember that good ven
tllat1on and avoidance of drafts arc
as necessary to the chick in embryo as
to the human being.
The experienced hand ALWAYS
an incubator day before filling, to
MAKE sure that the parts are working
properly. The novice with a new ma
chlne should not feel it time lost TO
wait until three days after she has
learned 10 control the heat at or about
the required notch. The germs are
especially sensitive during the first few
nays, and undue heating will ruin the
entire hatch
Inc fresher the eggs the larger the
percentage Of chicks. Never use those
over Two weeks old, and two days is
much better.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-04-22
HARVESTING A BIG CROP

Twenty-Five hundred and fifty COM
bined harvesting machines, operated
by steam, gasoline, horses and mules.
and 10000 men We're required to gar.
ner the wheat crop, estimated at so :
100000 bushels, in Washington. Ore
gon and Idaho last season.
The value of the crop is placed at
from s45,ooO,oOo to $4,000 900, The
machines cut about per cent of tho
total yield and on this it is estimat Fed
that there was a saving of s cents .
bushel and two bushels of waste grain
TO the acre, adding nearly 100000 to
the revenue of the producers.
The men We're paid s6,0oo,oOo in
wages, the average cost of saving the
crop being 10 cents a bushel, exclu-
aiva of bags and haulage to warehouses.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-04-22
WAR ON The BUGS NOW
Begin the Fight Early and Keep
1t Up if You Would ELM
mate These Pests.
LiIsNl
:-yIrTMr
BY j. FISHER.

BY ]. FISHER.
All insects pass the winter in some
stage of their existence The uues-
tlon is, Where and how? Certainly
not on the wing, and often in a way
that they can be easily destroyed.
Watch the fences and weather board
ing OF implanted buildings for the
chrysalis of the cabbage worm, neatly
suspended by couple of silken
threads. Some of these mischief MAX
ing butterflies viii emerge and they
VIII prove many times more difficult to
destroy
Many insects pass the winter in egg
or larval form in the rubbish about the
farm, old weed stalks, clumps of dead
grass and the remains of last years
crop being common lurking places.
Fire is sure destroyer and cleans the
ground nicely for blowing.
Early blowing in spring is hard on
the insects, the freshly exposed sod
being cleared of them by frost. This
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-04-22
md such can be made at a triaing

and such can be made at trifing
cost.
The barn and entire group of farm
buildings. together with the grounds
they occupy, may be made to harmon
ize in general way by proper con-
struction, arrangement and painting
The grounds about the barn and other
feed and stock buildings, which for
convenience are located near the dwell
Ing, may, and should be, as neat and
clean as the home grounds proper.
This is both good farm management
and mark Of good taste and charac-
ter on the part of the farmer.
Good fences around all the home
grounds and lots are a necessary con-
venience, and keeping them in good
repair adds to the neatness and beauty
of the picture as a whole.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-04-22

AN IMPROVED "wIGwAM' HOG COT.
inches on each side of the roof This
is sufficient ventilation for two or three
animals when all the doors are shut,
and if more ventilation is desired it can
easily be secured by opening the small
sliding door in the rear. This Simple
plan of ventilation avoids any direct
drafts upon the animals and proves
very efficient.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-04-22

Secretary Wilson says that hereafter
eggs sold as fresh" or strictly fresh
must be exactly what they are repre-
scented to be. Storage eggs must be
sold as such, or under the pure-food
law, the dealer is liable to fine OF
$500 or six months Imprisonment. OF
both.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-04-22
vENTILATE THE HOG PENS

An important feature of this house
is the ventilator, which is small cap
covering hole at the top and in the
center of the roof. The hole is made
by saving off opposite ends of two roof
boards and covering it with cap so
arranged as to leave openings 3 by 12
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-04-22
CAPACITIES OF CIsTERNs

Professor Estes B. Taylor, entomolo-
gist of the Missouri state fruit expe-
riment stationsin Mountain Grove, has
sent word to the fruit growers of
Kansas and Missouri that therei is a
new danger to guard against. 1t is
the San Jose scale. He tells them
how to5spray to kill it
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-04-22
PRlzE-WINNING CHICKENS

Rose Comb Rhode Island Reds, silver
cup winners at Chicago in 1906, 1907
and 1908. Bred and owned by P. Fl.
Sprague,. III.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-04-22

suddenly and too much. II there are
extremes of temperature the regulator
ana lamp will require very close watch-
Virginia gazette. [volume] (Williamsburg, Va.) 1893-192?, 1909-12-16
Stock Owners

The best remedy for Sweeney,
Strained Tendons, Wind Puffs.
Chapped Hook, Shoe Boil. Calls.
Colds, Distemper, Shipping
Fever, ali forms OF Rheumatism
Thrush, Corns, Nail Wounds. Spa
win, etc, is NOAlI'S LININENT.
We do not claim that NOAH =
LlNlMENT will cure every ease
of SPAWN; the best authorities
tell us that only small percent
age of such cases are durable We
are positive, however. that 81
treated with NOAH s LINIAIENT
IN the early stage, that a cure can
be effected.
Virginia gazette. [volume] (Williamsburg, Va.) 1893-192?, 1909-12-16
PROOF POSITIVE

1--WE have never used n linimcnt we
consider the equal Co Noah's Liniment
FOR bruises, surains. strained tcndous
and 20 use on throat. sides and chest
for dlstemuer. colds. ctc Richmond
Transfer Co. Richmond. Va.