Putnam patriot., 1909-08-06
TARIFF BILL
E.iai iha PaalIa VII Pay Less ard keTe Fo!--- President Tait's Fight For Down.
 ward Revision.
HISTORY OF THE BILL.

HfHfHTE 6r Atft tfF HtaAs HaNtiS tA7 name from the riialrBan Of the house committee af Ways and uieans. fhe Hon. Serene E Payne of New York. aho also bad a part in framing tbe Mckinley and Dingley acts. Actually il sbguId perhaps De called tbe Payne AArieh biH is tue ehairinan Of the senate nnanee committee bas hnd quite as much 70 do witb dictating Us tiDal provisions as Mir Payne. On this line of reasoning. however. there are those who Insist hat II should be called fhe Tan BilI as fhe hand of fhe president has been seen in all ibe moves that have shaped II from the days Of the Republican national convention that naminated him and adopted plank for tariff re- iSian ID nntil tue hour of he final light in conference committee, when tbe b.e man ln The White House uaade his ylisfefic bgbi for free raw materials and for carrying out the promises pf The party.
 Ii ls tbe Hr-t time there has been q change ef the turin laws in twelve years fbe DiHgiey aet having gone into effect ip lAi1 The inception O that las wHs atrikingly like that Of the present ln eHeh case lt was en- acted by an extrn session of congress. called Hs fba lirsf act of an Incoming administration More noteworthy still. each of these extra sessions wns called 10 meet on March l5 the first one having been issned by William AcktB. leY Of oBlo. the last by William How ard 'Inft of Dhie
 The Tariff Plank.
 The agifafian within the Republican party for il revision ef tbe DingIey uct hns gone on from the days of the Iowa idea" until at lasi If cnlminated In the plank itl the last Republican pla form beginning
 sThe Republican party declares un. equlyocHlly for Il revision of the tar ln by speeia session of congress in ,n.diately following the inauguration If the next president"
 In his campaign on that platform Mr Taft construed thls plank as mean. Ing revision downward. n point that he insisted on fiji his speeches and finally elinehed in his inaugural address when he snid thnt conditions had so changed relative to the Dingley act that they will permit the reduction of rates fin certain schedules and will require the advancement of few 1T any" That meant revision downward. which was recognized substantially by the house bill. but was changed to actual re vision upward by the senate bill. Il | was at ihis point that the president quietly but nrmly injected himself | Into the light in the conference be I tween the two houses. the house staud Ing behind him and forcing the senate | to yield The Payne bill in it's present | form k the result.
 Firs. Tariff Bill.
 The nrst tariff bill enacted in the l United States was that of the First congress The opening section of that l bil stated that. in addition 10 securing | muney for the support Of the govern neni. the tarin was adopted for the ! encouragement aud protection of man ! ufacturrs From that time political | fuftif LII HHiiRft' ~ ttff navy N%A'fs, " | on the issue of the tarin AS to whether l or not it should be more than "for | revenue only.
 l Tn, expenses of the war of lSl. neeessltated n material Increase tn th. l mriff. but an adjustment occurred two ! years after the close of the wal I through an act prepared by Henry 1 Clay.
 In 1928 the tariff was jumped up . ! few pegs and year later it wen' | hisAer. from al to Il per cent.
 | When. in 1872. hlll establishing 2 | protective tariu policy was passed south Carolina refused fo recognize | iho validity af the increased duties and thre8tened to secede. President Jackson had to dispatch a warship t9 south Caruimalaa waters
 herl1nntal reduction of the tarln look place ln ISsa Twelve years lates 1 under rutk's administration hti dra fitl hy BUieFt l Walker. secreiar, af the treasury. Was adaPted, standing | uaaly taF ae nrolevfise policy fhi'
 bHl lasted until iSal. when reduction
 to gae per cent occurred en the aver
 age duties Aetaalis free trade sys
 ,em. thls few iarlir proved adequate
 Tor ali government needs uatll the cut
 break ef the cisil war. when an In ereasesielnenne Was neeeSsltated. | The Merrill slil.
 | The Morrin act of lsai increased
 duties about cue, third. and the tax
 WAS extended te include tea. cores
 and sugar Internal revenue was col
 ctesi. he2innlng M ls,Fa and TWO year
 later the dusles wele raised ao pc
 eeat for pefiod of ninety days | After suseeSsion of tarifY measure 1 10 the wars cluse cessation of Iht
 torm of legislative acttvity oecnrrei
 Rut h iSsn and lss2 reductions wer
 made down ihe list. some oi whiel
 craze daiN ss,s rer cent. tarit
 commission was appointed in iSS
 whlch prepsrd a bili that was put oi
 tue statute lsoaks. lasting six years
 uas at thts giale ;hat James G Bian
 lcak mssg active part ia tarfN dis
 euSsions Il was la the early esghtie
 that William Morrison ot Illinois
 nemnsratlss ehairnan oF ~aN> an,
 nseaass RHepaesd his well known hoF
 lfontsl reaneftaa of .so per cen, ea al
 tased fuanefs winch was dvf~aiea
 nariHg ehetsiaHds< arss aSmNIssFa
 tson tlfe Mus pih was 2 eeweggui s
 sae, and lH lsNs the tarts ngai reSnl
 ed in the sieeif7a ef Ree5aMin siaf
 fisau Eo th, nn.sl8eUs'N ile sgaod fe 1 htwH Ef#Etse38Xa EHfT S~ q fESnI