davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Barbour County index., 1909-04-21
SPRAYING POTATOES
FOR BLIGHT AND BUGS
6ordeaux Mixture the
BY E. p Sandsten, Horticu1turaIis
consin Agricultural College.

This experiment station has con-
Quoted spraying trials for the last five
years in the leading potato growing
counties in the state to determine,
first. whether early potato blight CAL
ternaria SolanD can be controlled by
the application of Bordeaux mixture,
ana, secondly, to determine whether
spraying should be recommended to
the potato grower as profitable in
vestment and insurance against
blight.
The term early blight" is mislead-
ing, due to the fact that the disease
does not usually do serious damage
until after August 15. 1t must also
be noted that the early blight upon
potatoes does not rot the tubers. This
injury Is generally caused by some
other organism. The early blight
found is confined entirely to the vines
and reduces the yield by causing an
excessive percentage of culls and
small potatoes at harvest. The last
three weeks growth of the vine is
the important time in the formation
OF tubers. By infesting the vines at
this time, the disease shortens the
growing period about two weeks,
causing the large percentage of small
potatoes
II these affeeted leaves are ex-
amined with a high power magnify
ing glass it will be discovered that
the tissues or cells of the leaf are
permeated with little threads or
strands of the fungus, which act like
roots in absorbing the food supply of
the leaf. If the leaf is thoroughly
torn apart, very often at the ends of
the little short threads will be found
minute club-shaped bodies called
spores, which serve similar purpose
as do the seeds to the higher plants.
tSee Fig. 30 This little fungus plant
grows and develops similar to the
way of the potato on which it feeds.
The little thread-like plants are
wholly imperceptible to the naked
eye. The black spots visible on the
Barbour County index., 1909-04-21

IT is very unromantie. but true, that
the Washington business man who
has acquired the finest autograph
book in the last so years is the pro
prietor of corn doctors" establish
ment- He showed his register of auto
graphs to congressional visitor who
had dropped in to have his corns
pared and treated
The establishment started a short
time before the death of Lincoln and
among the early signatures in the
book was an unquestionably authentic
one OF the emancipator, who. accord
ing to the proprietor of the place, was
quite a regular attendant in the effort
to have his corns suppressed.
He once told the chiropodist-who
Barbour County index., 1909-04-21
House Gowns,

EVERY woman wants at least one,
but If possible three, attractive house
gowns. These make for beauty and
economy. Fortunately, women are get
ting away from the habit of wearing
their street skirts and blouses in the
house. This was lazy method. for
1t only meant that a woman wouldn't
take the time to slip them off before
dinner and put on something solely in
tended for the house.
The one-piece frock worn during the
day to save ones cloth skirts is a
much prettier fashion than the one of
wearing a separate skirt and shirt
waist
Barbour County index., 1909-04-21
IT'S the 'possum cabinet now." with

ITS the "possum cabinet now," with
out doubt
The wit who invented that phrase,
after President Taft's exploits in the
south made the southern tree-climber
a sort of national emblem, has re-
ceived the backing of Webster on top
of that of newspaper paragraphers.
A Washington man who has time
on his hands looked in the dictionary the
other day, and his eye fell upon the
word "philander" The meaning given
was "a South American opossum."
Thus has fate worked to give to the
secretary of state his final credentials
for the Office
Other searchers since have ex-
amined Webster, with the following
results, as regards cabinet members:
Barbour County index., 1909-04-21

A Modern and Desirable Type of Po-
tato Spraying Machine in Operation.
Will Spray 20 to 80 Acres Per Day.
Extra NozzIes Can Be Attached If
Desired-This Machine ls Equipped
with a Pump, Pressure Tank and
Safety Valve.
living dormant upon the vines for
some time. 1t has been observed re-
peatedly that those growers who are
successful in spraying are men who
have taken the pains to study into
the simple facts just mentioned upon
the development of this disease. The
principle involved then in successful
potato spraying is as follows:
During the rapid development of
The disease, the mass of thread-like
mycelium is growing very rapidly in
and upon the leaf The minute spore-
like bodies (see Fig. p are being pro-
iuced on the surface of the black
spots already noted. These spores.
when they light on the leaf, germinate
and grow. causing another black spot
where the cells of the leaf are de-
stroyed. During favorable weather
Conditions, and very often when the
vines are weakened by injury, this
multiplication of the fungus p-ogre ss-
IS at an inconceivably rapid rate. and
5 wholly impercepdble to the naked
aye- When the Bordeaux mixture. or
Barbour County index., 1909-04-21

fungus are only the evidence of de-
stroyed tissue, resulting from the
breaking down of the plant cells by
the parasitic fungus plant The fungus
plant on the potato vine is as de-
pendent upon weather conditions and
food supply for development as is the
potato vine upon which it feeds and
lives.
1t will now be understood why some
potato growers associate the rapid de-
velopment of this disease with the re-
currence of certain weather condi-
tions. The weather is made the cause
of the disease, although no account
is taken of the presence of the little
Barbour County index., 1909-04-21

upon late potatoes usually comes be-
tween the dates of August Is and
September 20. Therefore, it is /,ces-
sary to guard against the claims of
some men that special dust machines,
which are adaptable to applying poi
sons, may also be used in combina-
tion with dust sprays for the blight.
However, the same machine some
times can be used for both purposes.
The station has had excellent results
from combining the arsenates used
against the beetles with a weak Bor-
deaux mixture. When this combina-
ton is put on early in the season, care
should be taken to keep the pressure
down so that the material is not
wasted. The weak Bordeaux mixture
used prevents any injuries which
might result from some mistake in
mixing the arsenic compounds. In
midsummer the Bordeaux mixture
would also have some fungicidal value
The station has applied with success
the different poisons in combination
with lime water, which also prevents
injuries from free acid in the poison.
1t must be remembered that to sue
cessfuly control the beetles. the poi
son must be applied Immediately or
soon after the eggs hatch. For this
reason, when potatoes are raised on q
large scale, it is necessary to have
machinery which covers a wide area
in days time. Weak Bordeaux mix
ture is made. by combining four
pounds of lime to 100 gallons of water
containing the poison. This weak
Bordeaux mixture should be made in
the same manner as the standard Bor-
deaux mixture
Barbour County index., 1909-04-21

other sangicide is applied to the leaf.
these little spores and myceliae
threads cannot develop on the leaf.
The copper in Bordeaux mixture acts
as poison upon the fungus plant. For
this reason Bordeaux mixture must
be applied at certain times and must.
as a rule, be used for diseases like
potato blight which infest and grow
for time. upon the surface Of the
leaf. After the disease gains general
Barbour County index., 1909-04-21

Disking Land.-Few men realize the
great advantage to be secured in disk
ing land before breaking for corn.
Where corn Is to follow corn a
weighted disk harrow can be used, not
only for stalk cutter, but for a pull
verizer of the surface and the saving
of the humus of the corn stalk, which
is lost where they are burned, to-
gether with the greater ease with
which the land can be broken make
such a method of handling very desir-
able. One of the greatest benefits,
however, comes from the much better
connection chat is made between the
bottom Of the furrow aud the turned
soil where the layer that is turned
Under Is pulverized instead of hard
and cloddy. as is too often the case.
Barbour County index., 1909-04-21
Yokes to Open in Front.

The new fashion of fastening a yoke
in front comes from the French
blouses, which have adopted that
method. They show a straight line
of buttons down front from top to
collar to belt, and it has inspired dress
makers to follow out the scheme on
thin yokes instead of arranging them
in the old and tedious way.
Barbour County index., 1909-04-21

of
originally to
onei n a hurry. ""e" oS 10 oipen the
white with
quite in
the edges turned and neatly more than
being Just over half an inch wide the just
tac by scanning the ends Of the hem rib
through the
other color ribbon through in the opposite should
close the
would at - ~ M 'ne
Barbour County index., 1909-04-21
Star.Shaped ParasnI-

The newest parasol is star-shaped
So far it is made of cretonne and is
refreshingly novel. The star has eight
definite points.
Barbour County index., 1909-04-21

infestation of the plant, only partial
benefit can be expected from spray
ing, by preventing rapid infestation
and spread of the disease from new
spores. Hence the usual direction, "Be
on time
Although very often the Bordeaux
mixture and poison for the beetles may
be combined, this method cannot al
ways be relied upon. 1t will be noted
that the destructive season of the
beetles upon late potatoes lies be-
tween the dates July l and August 10.
1t must be noted also that the season
of greatest destruction from blight
Pullman herald. [volume] (Pullman, W.T. [Wash.]) 1888-1989, 1909-02-05
"LEST WE FORGET. ,"

Is it not possible that we m light in
measure forget the Importance OF
out duty to our public school in our
concentration on and enthusiasm for
the greater institution in our midst
Not that we would in any way what
ever dampen the ardor of our little
culture center for the institution that
is truly the life, so to speak, of our
city. Far is our motive from such.
Rather do we ask for an increase of
enthusiasm for the general cause of
education. An interest so great that
even the least of Pullman's student
body--public school-shall have its ev-
cry need ministered unto. "Give me
the first five years of the child's life
and you may have the rest, ;" Is an ex-
preston too old to need comment.
DR.. Oliver Wendell Holmes has said,
most truly it seems. that all disease
may be cured by beginning two gener-
ations before the victims birth. And
Sc on and on we might go through all
literature finding emphasis always
placed upon the Importance of a right
beginning. The work of our univer-
stiles depends in large measure upon
the material furnished them by our
colleges; in turn the college depends
upon the High School, which must
draw upon tthe grades for its supply.
Where is there more important work
than in preparing well the foundation :?
Far better can We afford to have a
fault, if fault there must be, in the
superstructure.
For the least of PulIman's little
ones, lest we forget. "
Public School Teacher.
Pullman herald. [volume] (Pullman, W.T. [Wash.]) 1888-1989, 1909-02-05

er and it was certainly valuable advice
that he offered as to taking care of
the problem. 1t certainly would be
quite possible to make some satisfac-
tory arrangement to dispose of all this
trash which has gathered around the
vacants lots of Pullman during the past
fifteen or twenty years, and would add
materially to the beautifying of Pull
man which is practically city of
homes. 1t is to be hoped that either
the Commercial Club or one of the
Ladies Clubs will take this matter
actively in hand and push it until our
vacant lots have been made respecta-
BILE. S. B. Nelson.
Pullman herald. [volume] (Pullman, W.T. [Wash.]) 1888-1989, 1909-02-05
]. ". WEST APPOINTED
CITY POLICE JUDGE
}. L. Hammond Named by
Mayor Carpenter as Street
and Water Commissioner

AT the meeting of the city council
Thursday night Mayor Carpenter an
nounced various appointments to fiji
the appointive city offices and the
council at once confirmed the MAYOR 8
action. To succeed Police Judge Wen
ham. the mayor named j. w. West
who will prescribe homeopathic doses
OF 80. % and costs to offenders against
the dignity and law of the municipal-
ity. For street and water commission
er J. E. Hammond was appointed this
office having been created by the re-
Gently enacted ordinance doing away
with deputy marshal and providing for
a street and water commissioner in his
stead. DR.. Else was named for health
officer, following the passing of an or
dinance prescribing the duties of health
officer and fixing his salary at 500
per annum. The salary has hereto
fore been but $40 per annum. A COM
mlttee from the council was appointed
to investigate the extension of the sew
erage system on College Hill and also
to find some solution of the problem of
caring for the sewerage at the main
outlet in the Palouse creek below town.
This outlet, which polutes the creek,
has become offensive to people living
down the river, and many protestes are
entered against it and county commits
sioner Ruply appeared before the board
to ask that the sewerage be disposed
of in a less offensive manner.
The city attorney was instructed to
draw up an ordinance providing that
bull dogs must be muzzled if allowed
to run at large. This action was
caused from number of accidents
that have recently occurred from vic
ious bull dogs.
Special fremen, who assisted at the
Palace hotel fire were granted So. so
each, while the regular fremen were
allowed S4 80 each.
The protest of T. NJ Spauldng
against sewer assessment was over
ruled and he will be required to pay
the assessment as originally levied
Permission was given for connecting
the sewerage from the Parish building
with the city hall sewer, Mr.. Parish
to pay $25 for making the connection.
The bid of the Tribune, which offer
ed to do the city printing at 171 cents
Pullman herald. [volume] (Pullman, W.T. [Wash.]) 1888-1989, 1909-02-05
G. A. r. ATTENTION.

DR.. Hays desires to announce that
his address on Abraham Lincoln will
not be delivered at his church on Sun
day evening, Feb. Z, as previously
arranged, but instead will be given
next Friday evening, Feb. II at the
college on the occasion of the exercis-
es in commemoraton of Lincoln 8
Birthday, under auspices of the non.
commissioned officers of the cadet reg
iment. Members of the G. AR. are
cordially invited to be present. The
military band will furnish music.
Eight o'clock.
Pullman herald. [volume] (Pullman, W.T. [Wash.]) 1888-1989, 1909-02-05
BLOOMFIELD BLOCK
TO Be HOTEL
New Building at Grand and
Olson Streets to be Re-
modelled into the
New Palace"

I The burning Of the Palace hotel a
month ago brought Pullman face to
I face with a serious problem in hotel
matters. which, however, is now in
fair way to be satisfactorily settled
by Mr.. Dawson. late of the Palace,
who nhas this week closed lease for
the Artesian hotel and also for the
Bloomfield block which will be remod-
eled and equipped as the most up to
\ date hotel in the Inland Empire. Mr.
Dawson took charge of the Arte 3ian
hotel Monday, and is now proceeding
to make numerous alterations in it's
interior. The partition between the
old Office and hallway is being torn
out to enlarge. the Office and other
changes in arrangement will be made.
He has also leased the Bloomfield
block, the handsome structure Just
completed at the corner of Grand and
Olson streets. which is now bening re-
modled for hotel purposes. This hotel
will be known as the "New Palace"
and will be made first class in every
particular. Both hotels will be put on
the European plan, and the Paris Cafe
will be maintained in the New Palace
The Aresian Hotel dining room will be
closed. This cafe, which will have a
seating capacity for sixty people, will
be open all times and will be pre-
pared to meet all demands of the pub
lie, transient or local The Artesian
dining room will be fitted up for sam
pie rooms.
Pullman herald. [volume] (Pullman, W.T. [Wash.]) 1888-1989, 1909-02-05

Earl Jonles was out of school during
the early part of the week because of
illness.
Following is the list of speakers that
will give lectures to the High School:
Prof. W. G. Beach, Feb. 18th; Prof.
Severance. Feb. 18th; DR.. Cav.
March 3rd; Prof. Malotte. March 10th;
DR.. Cleveland, March oath; DR.. Berg
lund, April 7th.
j. M. Reid, of the school board,
visited the High School Tuesday.
A number of students in the High
School have arranged to go to Johnson
to hear the debate Friday evening.
Mrs. Mathews. of the school board,
visited the school this week.
The following program of the Doug
las Debating Club. which met Friday
afternoon:
Song by the society.
Recitation, Gladys Marshall.
Debate, Resolved, That examina-
tions are not fair test of the pupils
ability" Affirmative, Nellie Jarron
and Sadie LAWN; negative, Roy But
Ter and Shirley Floch.
Piano solo. Flossie Klemgard.
Original story. Harry Wexler.
Piano solo, Ethel Ruply.
"An Ideal High School" Hugh
Hunt.
After the program spelling exam
ination was given.
Postmaster K. P. Allen addressed
the pupils of the higher grades We'd
nesday afternoon on the workings Of
the postal system, giving the pupils
much valuable and intructive informa-
tion on this most used of our public
utilities, and the one branch of our
national administration that comes
nearest to the people. We will later
publish MIR. Aliens talk in full, as 1t
wa filled with matters concerning the
mail service that are of interest, not
only to school children, but to the gen.
public as we'll.
Pullman herald. [volume] (Pullman, W.T. [Wash.]) 1888-1989, 1909-02-05

A stranger coming into town the
other day and being invited to lunch
with the executive committee of the
Commercial Club, made some very val
ualbe remaks as to the appearance of
our city. He said II have been over
your town good deal and ! find that
you have one of the prettiest located
towns that | have seen in my travels
in the west. 1t is so unusual from the
common towns in being built on hills
instead of level stretch which makes
it in itself very near ideal found
many beautiful homes, we'll painted
houses surrounded by well kept lawns
in fact, | believe it is about as we'll
painted town as have seen. Your
business blocks are fairly we'll up to
date. There is one thing. however.
that appeared very offensive to me the
very first time that | came into Pull
man and it has been a continual eye
sore to me, especially since | believe
that it is absolutely unnecessary to
have such conditions existing. l am
referring to the conditions of the vac
ant lots about town. They are strewn
with rubbish of all kinds from tin
cans to push binders. 1t seems to me
that it would be possible to make ar
rangements with some foundry or iron
works near here to sell to them these
scraps of old iron for sufficient money
to pay for gathering them up and load
ing thine on the cars and cleaning UP
the lots"
Without doubt this was a just criti
cism of our town made by this strang.
Pullman herald. [volume] (Pullman, W.T. [Wash.]) 1888-1989, 1909-02-05
Arthur Bryan is in Spokane.

e. w. Downen has been transact
ing business in Grangeville this week.
Regent Anderson was here from
Sunnyside the early part of the week.
Will Duncan was up from the
county seat last Saturday.
Professor Thatcher was in the hospi-
tai the early part of the week, where
he underwent slight operation, from
which he is making rapid progress to-
ward recovery.
An examination for carriers on
the city free delivery routes will be
held at the local postoffice on March
9Th.
The board of the Presbyterian
church is making plans for the enlarg-
ment of the church this season, base
ment to be used as a kitchen and din
ing room to be added.
-Thad Raymond proprietor of the
Toggery. has made an assignment for
the benefit of his creditors and R. G.
Smith is now in charge of the establish
ment. The assets are given as 81 200,
with liabilities at $4,000.
The Pullmanites who are enjoy
ing the sunny climate of California
with the Spokane excursionists are
W. Fl. Harvey and family; Mr.. and
Mrs. c. M. Waters; Mr.. and Mrs.
j. d. Allen; Mrs. d. M. Sanders and
Mrs. j. j. Murray. Mr.. Harvey is
also accompanied by his brother, Har-
old, who was here visiting him from
Ohio.
Pullman herald. [volume] (Pullman, W.T. [Wash.]) 1888-1989, 1909-02-05
COMMUNICATIONS ON
LOCAL TOPICS
Civic Committee of Local
Clubs Writes of Needed
Improvement for Ideal
Pullman"
THE IDEAL PULLMAN.

While on our way to church last
Sunday morning we cast our glance
around to see what results had fol-
lowed the admirable Ideal Pullman"
article of two weeks previous.
The beautiful mantle of unsullied
snow that at the time of the writing
of that article had hidden the insight
ly features of our little town had dis
appeared. leaving here and there
grimy patches. and apparently carry
ing with it the old traction engine that
had so long met the gaze of the occu-
pants of the front rooms of the Y. M.
c. A. dormitory.
On starting from home we were be-
guiled by the warm sunshine and dry
walks into leaving behind our over
shoes. All went we'll till we came to
a crossing; then, alas for our neatly
polished shoes By the time the
church was reached the mud was we'll
packed around our soles and heels, re-
sisting our best efforts to remove it
before walking over the carpeted floor
of the church. No wonder, we thought,
that the dust was floating in the rays
of sunlight streaming through the
church windows and lying in a thick
layer on the walls and on the lower
part of the pews.
At the close of the services the
crossings and the places on Main and
Grand streets where crossings should
be were all but impassable-theu usual
condition in a Palouse winter when
the mud is not frozen. In parts of the
town the carossings constist of single
loose planks laid in the soft mud, and,
since street lights in the residence Sec
tions are almost wholly lacking, the
unfortunate user of these crossings
frequently finds himself minus his ov-
ershOes which have been left in the
thick mud everything the narrow plank.
Is there no remedy? The writer re-
calls marshal several years ago daily
ClSoltiliS dll CIOSSlHRS IudL were R6H6T-
ally used. The crossings on State
street both north and south of the walk
in front of the High school building
were kept cleaned every day, while now
they ate usually covered ankle deep
whit mud. That was before the days
of Pullman's macadamized streets,
but the crossings in the business Sec
tion were certainly more passable than
now. If the duties of our marsha
have been so increased that they can
no longer look after the condition of
the crossings, would it not be possible
to employ some high school and college
students in such work for a short time
before or after the daily sessions of
school?
The matter of clean streets and safe
crossings may seem a small one, but it
means much in helping to make the
Ideal Pullman"
Pullman herald. [volume] (Pullman, W.T. [Wash.]) 1888-1989, 1909-02-05
TO WHOM 1T MAY CONCERN

Some time during the present week
four silk flags belonging to the
Woman's Relief Corps were purloined
from headquarters by a person or
persons unknown. While we admire
patriotism and devotion to the stars
and stripes above all things, we do
object to such unworthy methods in or
der to show ones colors and the re-
turn of the flags or Information con-
cerning their whereabouts will be
gratefully received.
Members of Whitman w. R. C.
Pullman herald. [volume] (Pullman, W.T. [Wash.]) 1888-1989, 1909-02-05
Miss May Young left Thursday for
visit with friends at Seattle.

a visit with friends at Seattle.
&C. B. Duncan has sold his dray
and transfer line to John VanKirk.
and will leave in few days for the
Alberta country to investigate the
land propositions in that locality.
-"Billy Sunday, the noted evan
gelist who has been reforoming Spo-
kane, came down to Moscow Thursday
to try his hand on that city. About
fifty PuIlmannites went over to
help swell the crowd
The Pullman Development Co.,
the company organized yrea ago to
build the Y MICA. dormitory, elected
directors Tuesday evening. The new
board is composed of Messrs. F. A.
Thompson, S. Klemgard, VIM. Por-
ter, Thos. Neill and w. c. Kruegel.