davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Echo register. (Echo, Umatilla County, Or.) 190?-1909, 1909-06-18

imbibed the principles of Ma
sonry, we recognize that he did
much to promote the interests of
Masonry in our midst, which he
so much cherished.
RESOLVED; That we tender
to the wife and children of our
departed brother, our most
heartfelt sympathy in their sad
bereavement, and as solace in
their hour of sore affection, we
point to the bright promises
held out to all the faithful votar-
les of Masonry.
RESOLVED; That these reso-
lutions be spread on the minutes
of Umatilla Lodge No. 40, A. F.
& A. NJ, at Echo, Oregon, and
that copies thereof be furnished
to the widow and family of our
deceased brother, and to the
press for publication.
LOUIS SCHoLL, JR.,
FRANK SLOAN,
r. B. STANFIELD,
Committee of Umatilla Lodge
No. 40, A. F. & A. NJ, Echo,
Oregon, June 7th, 1909.
The Echo register. (Echo, Umatilla County, Or.) 190?-1909, 1909-06-18
OF Interest tO Farmers and
Mechanics.

Farmers and mechanics frequently
meet with slight accidents and injur-
les which cause them much annoyance
and loss of time. A cut or bruise
may be cured in about one-third the
time usually required by applying
Chamberlain's Liniment as soon as
the injury Is received. This liniment
is also valuable for sprains, soreness
OF the muscles and rheumatic pains.
There Is no danger of blood poisoning
resulting from an injury when Cham
berlain's Liniment is applied before
the parts become infamed and swol-
len. For sale by Dorm & Dorm.
The Echo register. (Echo, Umatilla County, Or.) 190?-1909, 1909-06-18
If You Are Worth $4,000
Don't Read This.

This will not interest you II you are
worth fifty thousand dollars, but IL
you are man OF moderate means and
cannot afford to employ physician
when you have an attack Of diarrhoea,
you will be pleased to know that
one or two doses of Chamberlain
Collie, Cholera aud Diarrhoea Remedy
will cure II. This remedy has been In
Use for many years and is thoroughly
reliable. Price 25c. For sale by Dorm
& Dorm.
The Echo register. (Echo, Umatilla County, Or.) 190?-1909, 1909-06-18
! Local Happenings =
rs

Cigars at Elams.
Cigars at Lisle & Co.'S.
Fresh Bread at Elams
= \ \
Are you going to the Fair?
Let us sell you a dandy suit case
or trunk, at George and Miller's.
Mrs. Antoine Vey and son An.
tone, Jr., returned Monday
from q visit with friends at
Umatilla.
Lots of good old spuds on
hand at George & Miller's.
J. T.. Taylor made a business
trip to Pendleton Monday.
Strawberries for canning pur-
poses at George & Miller's.
y \ y
Dell Smith went to Pendleton
Tuesday night.
Fourth of July goods, fire.
works, flags, bunting, lanterns
and confectionery at l.. B.
Wells.
Mrs. j. h. Taylor returned
Sunday from visit with friends
and relatives at Walla Walla.
For Sale-Good work horse.
+. Ripper.
Bathing suits of all kinds at
George " Miller's.
y y
A committee of Spokane bust.
ness men were in Portland dur.
i'm Rose Festival week to get
ideas on decorations for the Ma.
tional Irrigation Congress which
meets in Spokane in August.
y y y
A. ID. Cridge, at one time con.
nected with the Register. stop.
ped a few hours last Friday to
visit with ye editor. Mr.. Cridge
is now organizer for the W. O.
W, and is having good success.
Mrs. Bert Teft left Saturday
for a ten days visit with her
husband at Othela, Wash.
y
Il. Fleichhaner was in town u
short time Friday and Saturday
shaking hands with old friends.
y
Miss Ida Daughtrey returned
to her home in Portland Satur.
day last.
y y y
Mr.. and Mrs. Thomas Ross
returned Sunday from Portland
where they spent several days
on business and pleasure.
The Echo register. (Echo, Umatilla County, Or.) 190?-1909, 1909-06-18

Portland Morning Oregonian
on sale at the racket store Daily.
Ice cream and ice cream soda
on Sunday at Elam's.
\ + y
ELAN has one of the neatest
little soda fountains in the city
and is prepared at all times to
quench your thirst with almost
any flavor you desire.
Ice cream for parties, socials
and weddings at Lisie & Co.'S.
Louis School, Jr., writes fires
insurance in good reliable com.
panies. Low rates.
Lois Smith house for rent SIS
a month. This offer open for
two weeks only. 2t
+ \ y
Wood For Sale-A lot of green
willow wood in length from s to
IS feet for sale. Will sell by
the load or will sell the pile.
For particulars call at this office.
For Sale-Front lace corsets
left by Mrs. Hanselmier. For
particulars call on Mrs. NJ. Ii.
Gillette.
Irrigated tracts on the Colum-
bia Land & Irrigation Company
project are all looking well.
The young trees are vigorous
and uniform, the alfalfa is green
and hourishing and men who
bought a year ago have refused
fifty per cent advance on their
purchase price, The canal has
the water and the land has the
natural fertility. The early sea
son is going to put the products
of this land on the market at
times when the prices are the
highest.
Mrs. Lizzie Jones, of Athena,
was in Echo a few days this
week looking after her millinery
business.
II. c. Oliver and F. Il. Hanks,
of Montana, shipped 'rainload
of sheep to Chicugo Monday.
They purchased the sheep of
Sperry 4 Stantield.
{ y
When you crave something
to quench your thirst remember
j. Frank Spinning's double soda
fountain. All fiavors and fancy
delectable mixtures.
Miss Helms, of near Wallace,
Idaho. is in Echo visiting with
her aunt Mrs. J. Halstead.
= y y
Mrs. c. p. Bowman returned
Wednesday from Pendleton
much improved in health.
y y
It's luck 10 smoke Puck.
The better than sc cigar.
The cigar in the green hoy.
The Echo register. (Echo, Umatilla County, Or.) 190?-1909, 1909-06-18

Lisle & Young will have ice
cream Sunday.
Lisle & Young fire works.
\ y \
DIR. Alexander Reid, physician
and surgeon. Office Arlington
building.
w. II. Boyd is having con-
structed a new sidewalk along
his block fronting on Bonanza
street.
Frank Sloan left Tuesday
night on a business trip to Port
land. He expects to return
home today, Friday.
\ \ =
Fireworks, flags and bunting
for decoration at George &
Miller's.
| There will be a pantry sale
Saturday at the Hotel Hoskins,
held by the ladies' of the M. +.
church.
Beautiful Fourth of July
dresses ready made at George &
Miller's.
See our new Ok Blood shoes
for summer, just arrived, for
men and women at George 4
Miller's.
J. +. Murphy, manager of the
Henrietta Milling h Grain Co ,
was in Echo Saturday from
Portland looking after his bust.
ness interests here.
w. II. Daughtrey end wife
were in Echo Saturday and Sun.
day, visiting with their daugh-
ter, Mrs. Cline and family. Mr..
Daughtrey was also looking
after his business interests here
in connection with the Umatilla
ranch.
+. p. Croarkin, manager of
the Umatilla Land Company in
Echo, transacted business in
Pepdleton Monday.
Mrs. Il. l.. McMillin, of Union,
visited several days in Echo the
guest of her mother, Mrs. Mary
j. Barker. Mrs. McMillin left
Monday to visit relatives in
Portland and Salem.
y
Mrs. Il. b. Stanfield returned
from Hot Lake Tuesday morn
ing. The lady stated that Mrs.
K. n. Stanfeld, who is receiving
medical attention at Hot Lake,
was getting along nicely.
|
! PULL TOGETHER FOR ECHO.
The Echo register. (Echo, Umatilla County, Or.) 190?-1909, 1909-06-18

Call at the Racket Store,
where you will find over 5000
beautiful post cards to select
from.
The Echo register. (Echo, Umatilla County, Or.) 190?-1909, 1909-06-18

If you have butter, eggs or
farm produce to sell take it to
the Home Bakery, ]. Hutchens
proprietor.
The Echo register. (Echo, Umatilla County, Or.) 190?-1909, 1909-06-18
GODDESS OF LIBETTY.

Up to Wednesday evening the
vote in the contest for the God.
dess of Liberty stood as follows:
The Echo register. (Echo, Umatilla County, Or.) 190?-1909, 1909-06-18

Grape juice at Lisle & Co.'s.
The Echo register. (Echo, Umatilla County, Or.) 190?-1909, 1909-06-18

The better than sc cigar.
The Echo register. (Echo, Umatilla County, Or.) 190?-1909, 1909-06-18

Mrs. Il. L. McMillin, of Union,
visited several days in Echo the
guest of her mother, Mrs. Mary
J. Barker. Mrs. McMillin left
Monday to visit relatives in
Portland and Salem.
The Echo register. (Echo, Umatilla County, Or.) 190?-1909, 1909-06-18

The cigar in the green box.
The Echo register. (Echo, Umatilla County, Or.) 190?-1909, 1909-06-18

Mr.. and Mrs. Thomas Ross
returned Sunday from Portland
where they spent several days
on business and pleasure.
The Echo register. (Echo, Umatilla County, Or.) 190?-1909, 1909-06-18

+. p. Croarkin, manager of
the Umatilla Land Company in
Echo, transacted business in
Pendleton Monday.
The Echo register. (Echo, Umatilla County, Or.) 190?-1909, 1909-06-18

Mrs. Bert Teft left Saturday
for a ten days visit with her
husband at Othela, Wash.
The Echo register. (Echo, Umatilla County, Or.) 190?-1909, 1909-06-18

It's luck 10 smoke Puck.
The Echo register. (Echo, Umatilla County, Or.) 190?-1909, 1909-06-18

Mrs. X. h. Stanfield returned
from Hot Lake Tuesday morn
ing. The lady stated that Mrs.
Il. n. Stanfield, who is receiving
medical attention at Hot Lake,
was getting along nicely.
= =
The Echo register. (Echo, Umatilla County, Or.) 190?-1909, 1909-06-18

Miss Ida Daughtrey returned
to her home in Portland Satur.
day last.
Evening star., 1909-01-19
NO ICE CUT YET.
But Maine Ponds Are Fast Harden
ing Deep Enough for Purpose.

But Maine Ponds Are Fast Harden
ing Deep Enough for Purpose.
Unless cutting has started within the
past day or two. no ice has yet been
taken out of Maine ice fields. The Ameri-
can Ice Company and the owners of in
dependent storage houses were preparing
to start work as soon as the Ice reached
sufficient thickness.
Latest reports from the Kennebec river
state that ice was not yet of sufficient
thickness to cut. but was hardening up
fast 1t was thought work would soon
start there.
At Boothbay and on the Maine ponds
that supply considerable portion of the
ice supply cutting will start before it
does on the Kennebec. About $1,000 tons
left in the storage houses on the kenne-
bee, but several hundred thousand tons
will be cut and stored there before
March !.
On the Hudson the reports received at
this city state that the cutting of ice
would start this week. The ice Is thick
ening up fast but is said to be I'm better
for several years past, and good supply
will be obtained.
Practically all ice used in New York
comes from the Hudson. while the bulk of
the 5000 tons used here In summer Is
brought from the Maine fields.
A prediction as to the size of the harvest
that will be made is said to be impossible
just now. 1t will be two weeks or longer
before any definite calculation of the
amount that can be cut will be made 1t
all depends on how cold the weather is in
Maine in the next six weeks
Evening star., 1909-01-19
PIER coLLAPsEs WITH SNOW.
Lumber Carried Into Water With
Breaking Of Support.

A large section Of the outer end of the
old pier at the foot of 9th street south
west. on which the schooner j. D. Mar
vel was discharging a cargo of oak lum-
Der from the Pamunkey river. Va. col
lapsed during the snowstorm Of Satur-
day night and dropped into the river
The Marvel was lying at the end of the
dock. She prevented the wharf and lum-
ber from going over into the river and
caused them to drop straight down.
The broken timbers of the wharf show
sound wood. 1t Is supposed the weight
of snow and sleet on the lumber was suf-
ficient to overcome the strength of the
pier and 1t was crushed down.
The greater part of the pile of lumber,
about JO.O00 feet in all, is showing above
water. 1t is thought all of 1t can be re-
covered with the use of lighters
The lumber is the property of Johnson
& Wimsatt of this city. Yesterday teams
were employed in removing the lumber
left on the portion Of the pier still stand
ing.
AS soon as the weather conditions will
allow, the lumber on the broken portion of
the pier will be recovered and the pier
rebuilt
Evening star., 1909-01-19
RICH NIGHT RIDER JAILED.
Edward Marshall Breaks Down and
Weeps in Cell.

UNION CITY. Tenn. January 19-The
case of Edward Marshall, charged with
completely in the murder of Capt. Quen-
tin Rankin. was called yesterday
Marshall has been out on $4,000 bail
since November 4, but was placed in Gus
tody when he entered court, Judge Jones
ruling 1t was not a bailable case A
hard fight was made by Marshall's attor-
neys without success, and he is in jail.
After going to Jail Marshall sent for
Attorney General Caldwell 1t is said
that Marshall broke down and cried.
1t is believed Marshall is victim OF
circumstances. and whatever he did was
by compulsion of overpowering numbers.
He is man of wealth and influence and
can furnish any amount of ball.
Evening star., 1909-01-19
LEESBURG, VA.

Special Correspondence Of The Star.
LEESBURG, Va, January 10. 1909
c. w. Thomas of Evergreen Mills, near
Leesburg, has purchased from the heirs
of the late William Mitchell the old
Mitchell homestead, near Watson
Hiram L. Jones has sold to Charles A.
Baber the Thomas farm of 300 acres, To-
Gated near Round Hill. Mr.. Baber, who
is from Indian Mills, w. Va. will make
his home In Loudoun county.
At a meeting of the stockholders of
the Purcellville National Bank the fol-
lowing directors were elected for the ell
suing year: w. p. Pancoast, Motley Ball,
z. III. Hearst. Thomas r. Smith, b. r.
Fenton, Daniel Hoge. Daniel Shaffer. T.
McGarvick. Albert Milholen, J. ]. Porter
and +. =. Wilson.
Evening star., 1909-01-19
MANY ITALIANS EXPECTED.
One Quarter Of. q Million Laborers
Looked for In a Few Months.

That one-quarter of million of italian
laborers. most OF them from Sicily and
CaIabria. will leave their native land
within the coming four months. princi-
pally for the United States, as a result Of
the earthquake. IS the remarkable claim
made by importers Of New York city I'm
a brief filed with the House committee on
ways and means. These importers declare
that the lemon-raising area OF Italy will
lose nearly 100000 workers as a result Of
the earthquake.
Normal conditions which until Decem-
ber % last governed the production and
expectation Of lemons from Sicily have
been suddenly overturned. Nearly or
quite 10000 human lives have been sud-
denly destroyed. one-ffth being men. and
largely of the laboring class. From our
best advices We are assured that a quar-
ter Of q million viii leave italy during
the coming four months. most OF them
from Sicily and Caiabria. Facing the
conditions now existing In Sicily, we sol.
emnly assure your honorable body that
unless the duty upon lemons Is materially
reduced the importation ef the lemon has
reached tt0 end"
Evening star., 1909-01-19
C. D. HESS SERIOUSLY I'LL.
Famous Theatrical Man Stricken
With PARALYSIS.

LA PORTE. Ind, January &c. d
Hess, formerly one of the best known
theatrical men in the United States, ha.
been stricken with paralysis at his home
at Westville, Ind, his condition being
critical and offering no hope for recovery
Mr.. Hess introduced to the operatic and
theatrical world Clara Louise Kellogg
Emma Abbott. Lillian Russell, Christine
Nilsson. Minnie Hauk, Minnie Palmer
and William H. Crane.
NJ the time of the assassination Of Lin
coin Mr.. Hess was part owner in Grov.
er's Opera House. In Washington, and
though stanch Unionist, was called
as q witness In the trial OF Mrs Surratt
Mr.. Hess also introduced English opera
in this country In 1859. and his companies
were popular favorFes in the east and
south for many years
Evening star., 1909-01-19

Taylor. r. W. Tyler. William Tindall, r.
w. Tompkins, Corcoran Thorn, E. S.
Theall. Charles Turner. Alonzo Tweedale
H. c. Thompson. e. H. Thomas
M. E. Urell.
II. r. vanAlstyne.
F.. ]. Wagner, J. H. Walker. S. H.
Walker, Clarence r. Wilson, L. c. Will
son. II. T. Wheeler. c. E. White, g. W.
White. M. A. Winter. Harry o. Wilson,
J, ~ NJ Wright. l;.n H Ranaail a.sa Webb, p; War
Weed. J. F. wilkins. G. 8. Watson.
Physicians and Surgeons.
The following physicians and surgeons
are named on the committee:
G. N. Acker, w. H. Atkinson.
N. p. Barnes, L. J. Battle, Edmund
Barry, J. B. Bayne, W. T. Burch, w. NJ.
Barker. w. H. r. Brandenburg.
8. G. Cox, J. B. q. Custis.
Thomas Dowlfng.
w A. Frankland.
F. e. Gibson, r. A. Groover, ]. P.
Gunion.
&. NJ. Hasbrouck. ]. NJ. Heller. ". P. G.
Hazen, D. Percy Hickling. H. HURT. s.
w. Howard, @. B. Heinecke, P. c. Hunt.
s. r. Karpeles. G. NJ Kober.
r. g. Lamb, H. T. A. Lemon, D. Olin
Leech.
NJ. DARCY MaEee, u. L. MagT uoeI, =.
C.. Marbury. F. H. Morhart, Russell B..
Main, e. L. Mason, J. Preston Miller, T..
c. Magruder, j. F. Moran, j. Murphy.
J. r. Nevitt.
George n. Perry.
". c. Rives,, j. J. Richardson, Alfred
Richards, e. w. Reisinger. ]. r. Rams
burg.
r. @. Smith, A. H. Staples. C. G. Stone,
D. X. Shute.
william ]. G. Thomas.
]. s. Wall, j. A. Watson. c. A. Weaver,
W. c. Woodward
Evening star., 1909-01-19
HUNDRED MILLION At STAKE
COLOSSAL LAND FRAUDS EX-
POSED IN REPORT.
Million-Dollar Appropriation Asked
to Recover Timber and Coal Prop
critics to the Government,

The general land Office has asked Secre-
tary Garfield for an appropriation of ST.
OOo.OOO to aid in'the recovery and return
to the public domain of over one hundred
million dollars worth of COAL mineral and
timber land. alleged to be in the unlawful
possession Of private individuals and COR
porations In the detailed letter presenting
the facts in the case H. III. Schwartz.
chief of the field service, claims that a
race Is being run with the statute of linn
itations. and that II quick action is not
taken enormous tracts Of valuable land
Will be lost to the government. Many of
the larger cases cover lands patented
years ago and the knowledge of fraud is
but recent with the land office.
The present appropriation is 500, 900,
but this amount is asked to be doubled, as
there Is necessity for a tremendous
amount of detail work in uncovering every
item of the transaction which placed the
lands in question in the hands of the
present occupants. In his letter Of appeal
to the Secretary Commissioner bennett
says:
AT first blush this request may seem
to call for an extraordinary increase in
the appropriation. However it is not
per cent of the value of the government
property involved. A comparison with
poSI IS uOt 10I III
the past this bureau did not know the en-
tent of the frauds being perpetrated.''
Further on the papers show:
The nature OF the necessity for prompt
action is shown In the United States
against Juanita Coal and Coke Company,
and United States against Utah Fuel Com
pany. involving lands worth two and a
half million dollars"
1t was shown that the statute Of limita-
tions would have prevented the govern
nent bringing suit had single day been
lost. Suit cannot be brought against a
land patent six years old.
Thus far. with an expenditure Of $5OO.0OO.
over four and half million dollars
worth of land has been restored to the
government. Ninety-four convictions for
violation of the land laws have been Sc
cured, fines collected and prison sem
tences imposed.
1t is shown in the report that the inves-
LEGATIONS of the past two years have pro-
duced evidence OF Wholesale and astound-
ing frauds upon the public lands. Twenty
eight thousand cases have been investi-
gated and thirty-two Thousand cases await
further special action.
Evening star., 1909-01-19
MAKES AN APPRAIsEMENT.
Union Station Grade Damage Con
mission Files Statement.

The Union station grade damage COM
mission composed of Charles A. Baker,
George W. Moss and George Spransy.
has reported to the Supreme Court of
the District Of Columbia it's appraise-
ments Of the damages that have resulted
to the real estate on the west side of
9th street between G and / streets. and
the north side of Virginia avenue between
9Th and 9th streets southeast, owing to
changes made in the grades Of these
streets by the District Commissioners in
connection with the railroad terminal
work.
The appraisements follow:
Part of lot -. square S47. improved by
premises 745 9Th street. Ida NJ Barker,
petitioner, owner, $3.50; part Of lot 20,
square S47, improved by premises 747 and
749 9Th street. Bartholomew Diggins. Pc
titioner, owner, $500; lots 80, 81 and 80,
square S47. improved by premises 751, 703
and 755 9th street, John E. Herrell. pe-
titioner, owner, 81 ,15O. and lots 33, "a, 35,
23, "a. %. 26, u %. %, original lot 3 and
part of lot 4. in square SAT- improved by
512, ;y0S and 5O8 Virginia avenue Edward
NJ. Grinder, petitioner. owner. $3.50.
The property owners were represented
before the commission by Attorneys Jo-
Sepu l. NcllcIs D. ~ bdTilISt TON, b. II.
Warner jr, Wolf & Rosenberg, Cotton &,
White and Chauncey Hackett
A. Leftwich Sinclair. special attorney
for the District, appeared for the gov
ernment
The grade damage commission will meet
at the city hall tomorrow morning, at
1890 o'clock, and begin the hearing of
evidence regarding the damages which
have resulted to the real estate on the
south side Of Virginia avenue southeast
ho$x nd frAy t,4
filling in" of Virginia avenue by the mu.
nicipal authorities. The property will be
examined by the commission late this
afternoon.
Evening star., 1909-01-19
ZELAYA BLOCKS REBELLION.
Carries Keys Of Great Guns in His
Trunk.

SAN FRANCISCO. January 19.-Presi-
dent Zelaya of Nicaragua is not in favor
of revolutions. so when he travels he
takes his country's armament with him
in his trunk.
The big guns guarding Managua. the
capital Of Nicaragua, would be too handy
for the rebels when the president leaves
the city. So the president takes the big
guns with him so far as he is able.
In the presidential trunk he carries the
keys to each gun. and without these
necessary parts the guns are useless.
When the Kosmos steamer Acella,
which has just reached here from Ham,
burg by way Of Corfnto, was at the latter
port. Zelaya was there also. having left
for the moment his capital Of Managua
to take trip to the coast. And with the
president. carefully stored in one Of his
trunks, were the necessary parts to the
big guns that frown over the fortress at
Managua.
Evening star., 1909-01-19
BENN1NG AND VICINITY.

The Benning Council. Junior Order
of American Mechanics. held a busi-
ness meeting last night in its lodge
rooms, at which number of candi-
dates for membership were initiated.
The Benning Athletic Club will hold
a regular meeting Thursday. Manager
beavers is formulating plans for q
strong base ball team for 1909.
Miss Edith Kenner of Seat Pleasant
has returned after an absence of four
months in Chicago.
c. B. Hardin OF Benning 10 visiting
friends in Baltimore.
Evening star., 1909-01-19
CONFER ON FISHERIES:
Arbitration Agreement Near Be-
tween United States and England.

During the present week. beginning
probably Thursday. important conferences
will be held between the State Depart
ment officials. Ambassador James Bryce
of Great Britain, Attorney General Kent.
representing the premier of Newfound-
land, and A. B. Aylesworth, Canadian
minister OF Justice, on the Newfoundland
fisheries question, which Is to be referred
to The Hague for arbitration.
Secretary Root and the British ambassa-
dor have agreed on the terms OF the ques-
tions to be submitted. but they have not
yet received the approval Of the Canadian
and Newfoundland governments. The
points at issue touch the right OF Ameri.
can fishermen in the waters Of British
North America under the treaty OF 1878
The American authorities are anxious to
get the fisheries treaty ratified by the
Senate at the present session. this being
necessary before the disputed questions
can be submitted to The Hague court.
Evening star., 1909-01-19
Lectures for School Children.

At the Webster School yesterday after.
noon. DR.. B. w. Evermann. vice presi.
dent OF the board of education, gave q
talk before the class In nature study on
the pearls and pearl shells Of the western
rivers. After describing many pecultari
ties OF the unio or river mussei. Dr. Ever
mann explained the method OF r1anufac
turing buttons and mother-of-pearl orna
ments.
Among the parents and friends presen,
were Mrs. II. c. Knapp. Mrs. d. W. Scho.
field. Mrs Fl. +. Offterdinger. DR.. Re
becca Stoneroad. Mrs. NJ. z. league. Mrs
T. u. Talbot and rms. A. N. Griffith.