davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Gainesville daily sun., 1909-08-07

TOrturing eczema spreads It's burn
ing area every day Doan's Ointmcn'
quickly stops it, spreading. Instant. :
relieves the itching. cures 1t perma-
nently. Al any drug store.
Gainesville daily sun., 1909-08-07
Active at 81.

This would be unusual news II men
and women would keep Themselves
free from rheumatism and all aches
and pains as well as keeping their
muscles and joints timber with Bal,
lards Snow Liniment. Sold by W. NJ.
Johnson.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1909-03-07

ridge that makes up the watershed. From this main trunk line would branch off roads that would lead to the chief harbor towns on each side, at least one harbof in each of the six provinces to be so favored. In this way every province would be connected by good roads with every other and every section of the island would be given an outlet to market. . The plan has been consistently follow ed. Contracts have been let to native and outside men for the building of these roads and in some cases where these bidders were not found to be satisfac- tory the engineers of the army of occu- patton have taken hold and pushed the work. Nothing has been allowed to stand in the way, and such stir of Industry us the island never knew before has been in progress.
 Realizing that the torrential rains of the tropics would soon render dirt roads useless, the government undertook to construct highway built to last. It insisted in the first place on solid foundation of Telford macadam, of the best stone native quarries would afford and further, that the roads be finished throughout without neglect of any de- tail necessary to durability.
 The roads were first graded, sharp turns being avoided and only an incline of six per cent. being allowed. Six inches of rock in jagged pieces as big as mans two fists was placed upon this grade. Then came four inches of small CT stone, about the size of eggs, after which the fine surfacing stone was placed on. All of this was packed into a compact mass by the immense steam rollers. In time they will, under the action of water and air, combine into one solid rock road foot thick that will be nearly as permanent as 1t is possible to construct road
 The roads Hre uniIormiy 34 feet wide of which the heavily paved section oc-
The Birmingham age-herald., 1909-03-07

the Little War; of August. 1906, had broken out in the west. Pinar del Rio had suffered from cyclone, which added to the straits in which her people found themselves. The prospect of fight had drawn to that province the adyenturers and malcontents from n great part of the island and things looked critical. It was at this juncture that the Provisional Gov ernment decided that this province was the point at which work should be begun. Labor on these roads was offered to all the idle and unemployed, but with the understanding that cit was the work of peace and that lawiessness should cease. The opportunity to earn an immediate competence was readily grasped by the factions and soon the province was again tranquil and, before long, prosperous.
 -~The same principle worked throughout the island, and with the building of the roads came peace and prosperity As the various sections were opened up, the farming people immediately grasped the opportunity that whs offered them to market their crops and planting was be- gun. Despite the sbortness of the time since the road building began the oppor- tunty they are making possible to the farmers is already being felt and the country is again in condition Of pros- perify. Yet the system is still incom- plete and the time has been so short that crops have hardly had time to ma ture.
 The area of the unrivaled tobacco lands of Cuba that will be in this way brought under cultivation will be greatly in- creased The country will be opened up to a more progressive grade of farming in every way. The huge sugar planta- tions of the island may be added to by others that are now accessible. Fruit may be exported from greatly increased area. The isolation and lack of market is done away with and the island is
The Birmingham age-herald., 1909-03-07

HWAY back E40o years before the
 X beginning of the Christian era, long y . before Moses learned tie mysteries of the Egyptian priesthood. there oc- cured period of about 300 years, when those dim figures in prehistoric times, the Hittites ruled or rather dominated the diplomacy and the civilization of the then civilized world, which. after all, included only Egypt, India, Syria, Assyrla and a few sections of Asia Minor border ing on the Caspian Sea and the Medter- ranean.
 The Hittites are known to the average reader merely from the name appearing in the books of Moses. the latter two of these hooks But this was hundreds of years after the Hittites lost their real power as world rulers and had become weak and scattered tribes. The hour of history wherein the Hittites were the world power is dim and vague indeed, yet this page of the story of the human race has been greatly cleared up by the discoveries of Dr. Hugo Winckler, tine famous archaeologist of Berlin, at Boghaz Keui in Asia Minor. Here have been located the stupendous ruins of the an- cient capital of the Hittite empire, the city of Khattu. Here pr. Winckler dis covered vast tablets of burnt clay on which cuneiform inscriptions of the most rare historical and archaeological value were carved $500 years ago.
 The most important of these euneiform inscriptions is devoted to a great state treaty between Pharaoh of Egypt of the eighteenth dynasty and the emperor of the Hittites, who seems to have ruled over a confederation of tribes largely re sembing in political construction the divisions of the Jews into tribes under Solomon, Rameses H., Pharaoh or Egypt and Khittu sila, emperor of the Hittites,
The Birmingham age-herald., 1909-03-07
When the Hittites Ruled the World.

drew up this treaty after the celebrated battle of Kadesh, wherein the Hittites and the Egyptians fought nearly drawn battle. At this time the Hittites had, for 200 years or thereabouts been the domi- mating factor in the diplomatic exchanges between the few really big nations or the known world.
 But after the battle of Kadesh had shown the Hittites that the Egyptians were becoming a great military power the two kingdoms formed an offensive md defensive alliance, with provisions for extradition, especially of political of fenders This action of the dominating Hitttes was brought about by khittu Silas growing dread of the newly formed and rapidly rising power of the Assyrian empire, which a few hundred years later conquered Babylon and the best section of the world of partial civilization.
 The making of this treaty, which is the earliest known treaty ever made by man. kind which leaves us a record of historical value, occupied three months, and In it Egypt, the Hittite confederation and the power of Babylonia all bound themselves to fight against the swiftly rising power of the Assyrians.
 The Biblical references of the Bible naturally enough did not reveal the Hit tites as q world power or even of ex- treme local importance for the early struggles of the Jews under Joshua and other Jewish heroes occurred long after the Hittites had disappeared under the surging power of the Assyrian monarchy which. under Nebuchadnezzar. overcame the Jews and sacked Jerusalem. This occurred in the period of the Prophet Daniel, who saw the Medes and Persians overthrow the Assyrians, just as hun dreds of years before the Assyrians over came the Hittites in Mesapotania.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1909-03-07

 and Count zeppelin's record of 12-hour figat with his destroyed craft was lost to him last fall when Major Cross semi rigid airship stayed in the air for 13 hours, It marks a triumph for the Ger man army officers identified with aero na ltics among whom Major Gross, who designed the Parseyai and new Parseval, has long been one of the most conspicu- ous members. Professor Schutte, of the Technical University at Dantzig. fol- lowed up the performance of Gross with an announcement of plans for rigid air ship which will exceed the Zeppelin in speed md carrying power. Wood instead of aluminium will be used on the Schutte machine. Two 150-horsepower gas motors will propel the ship.
 Count Zeppelin, who has done so much for aeronautics, is TO years old. He is | retired army officer. At the age of 25 he was detailed as lieutenant of cavalry to observation duty with the Union Army in the Civil War. He accompanied the cavalry brigade commanded by Carl Schurz, and his first ascent was fin a balloon sent up to investigate the Con-
The Birmingham age-herald., 1909-03-07
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turning to the right and left and then spinning completely around at an angle of 35 degrees It raised its bow and its dashes in any direction the engineer de- sired. It was a wonderful display of the absolute control of the machine.
 Later in the same month the Kaiser's brother, Prince Henry, who visited this country. was a passenger and for a long time steered the machine On this trip the airship, which Is pictured herewith, stayed up for seven hours. Twenty-Five miles an hour, against the wind were scored, on the return trip this was sent up to 30. The successful trip enjoyed by Prince Henry induced the crown prince to fly, too, so in November last Frederick Will helm boarded the airship and sailed from Friedrichshafen to Donaueschingen, at Baden, where the Kaiser himself was met. The airship followed the imperial train into the town at an altitude of be- tween 400 and 600 feet, the crown prince talking to his royal father through megaphone and the Kaiser acknowledging this by waving his hand.
 Last. but not least, the Kaiser himself
 
 the day scheduled one of his staff, much resembling the German ruler did ascend and the news was telegraphed all over the world that the Kaiser had gone up. This was afterwards proven to be an error, though there Is a certainty that the indefatigabe Emperor will be found one of these days flying in the Zeppelin, in which he has ever maintained the most thorough interest. Thisa interest is so keen that largely through his own sug gestion, following a report by the special commission appointed by the war depart ment, the German government has pur- chased the Zeppelin. This would seem to establish beyond question the opinion by eminent authorities in regard to the prac- ticability for war purposes of this air ship.
 There can be no sweet without its bitter
The Birmingham age-herald., 1909-03-07

happen to any airship. and did not dis prove the possibility and the probability of such machines becoming real factors in the wars of the future. Where an or dinary airship or balloon could be pune tured when within gun range, the alnmi- nun covering of machines like the Zep pelin would render such possibility re- mote, especially from small arms.
 Over one million dollars were sub scrbed for the new Zeppelin, whose speedy construction was made possible through the undamaged condition of much of the machinery of the Zeppelin ". The new airship made its initial appear ance in October It carried ten pas sengers and went through evolutions, which for speed and stability could not be surpassed. At an average height of 300 feet the machine went through these evolutions and attained q speed of about 24 miles an hour, travelling for over three hours. At the height of 1000 feet a won derful exhibition was given, the craft
The Birmingham age-herald., 1909-03-07

TN a retrospect of the year 1908 prob E ably the most striking thing about the B period will be the wonderful advance made In the sphere of aerial navigation In no preceding period of equal length has one fraction of the accomplishments of 1908 been achieved. New records for distance, height and practically every thing else were made, and feats per formed which even one year previous would have been deemed the rawlings of an unbalanced mind. More flights were made in every part of the world in every conceivable type of air-cleaying machine and the public at large began to respect the prophecies of those who foretold practical utilization of these strange birds of passage for sport, commerce and war. Apart from the worldwide sensational achievements of the Wright brothers, whose wonderful accomplishments on both sides of the Atlantic have been received with such acclaim, probably most interest attaches to the work in Germany Of Count Zeppelin with an entirely different type of air vessel.
 The Zeppelin airship is not an aeroplane like the Wrights' machines, but an afr ship combining the qualities of a balloon, yet unlike the latter in that 1t is dirigible. The Zeppelin was, and is-there have been several-a great cylindrical frame work of aluminium, pointed at the ends and covered with linoleum. Inside a row of ordinary round balloons are inflated. Close beneath the cylindrical cigar-shaped body of the airship are suspended gon- dolas, which float on the water, often necessary when the ship is first launched from it's shed on the waters of Lake Constance (where most of the flights have been held, or when alighting on the same body of water. The motors and propelIors are well up on the sides of the so-called cigar, so that they push right in the line the body has to travel. By careful study Count Zeppelin has evolved a series of rudders and propellers, which enable him to go just where he wishes, thus realizing most remarkably
The Birmingham age-herald., 1909-03-07

~HOULD the Republic of Cuba lapse
 into the same government chaos that
 has beset her throughout her stormy history she will still have something for which to thankNthe provisional govern ment of the United States. There will re- main the roads that this country has built dur1ng'the past two years and the is no way in which the masses of the people can escape lasting beneft from them.
 Governor Charles F. Magoon and the American troops have withdrawn from Cuba. The work for which they had been sent to the island was completed Order had been brought out of turmoil and government had been restored where guerilla warfare had previously existed. The people had been s0othed and quieted from the heat of Latin factiona strife and brought into the regular and peaceful pursuits of the many industrial opportu- mites offered by this fair land. An cleo ton had been held under the guidance of Governor Magoon, which had been bona iide election, the first of it's kind in any of the Latin countries of America, for, although many of these are republics In name, they are such in name only.
 The foundation stone of the work that this country did in Cuba for the benefit of that people, was the development of com nlunication into the interior by means of EOOu WdS0Q IOdu5. IN. " utu OONcInol NH goon assumed controlfa began looking about him for some vital things to do for the benefit of the island he immediately hit upon roads. He laid out campaign for road improvement, and for two years followed 1t consistently. As a result there is magnificent highway from one end to the other of the island and it is z bisected at dozen points by equally good cross roads that run down to the seaports on the coasts.
 Cuba was in frightful condition as to roads. In the beginning such highways as she had originated from some cart fol lowing COW trail in it's wanderings in the vague unknown. They ran bither and thither without any system In desul- tory way the previous Spanish and Cuban administrations had built a patchwork of road here and there, but without system and with no continuance of policy that would make the different parts of the island accessible to each other and bring them in touch with the coast towns Those roads that had been built were not of the best grade and had been very indinerently maintained.
 From the standpoint of the country as a whole the road over which the farmer was forced to take his produce to market was the cross country cart track, ungraded, updrained. During the dry. season 1t was
The Birmingham age-herald., 1909-03-07
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given an opportunity to enjoy her oppor- tunities as she never enjoyed them be- fore.
 It is hard to appreciate the fact that these roads in Cuba are the best in the world. The natural thing would not be to attribute so progressive A thing to a revoution-ra cked, desultory, unstable re- public in the tropics. Yet it is unques- tionably the truth. The why of 1t can be readily understood. The whole system has been built within the past two years. Road building as a science has been de- veloping most rapidly in the last decade. Things are now known about road build ing that were not dreamed of five years ago. Road building has become na- tional and international question, and this country has shown very active inter- est in 1t.
 Well, these roads in Cuba were prac- tically built by the United States gov ernment. All the information that has been recently developed as to road build ing was applied in this instance. The whole system Is entirely modern. There is no other system anywhere that has been so recently built and under such
The Birmingham age-herald., 1909-03-07

favorable circumstances. It is, therefore, safe to say that the roads in Cuba are better than those in the United States, in England, in France or any place else
 This nation has served Cuba better than its citizens realize, and better than Cuba herself will acknowledge. While giving that island the possibilities of good government under the steadying hand of the genial Provisional Governor, the United States has gone further and given her such improvements as she would never have gotten for herself. The isl and has herself paid for this improve ment, as matter of fact, but 1t has been no little expense on the part of the United States to administer the affairs of Cuba, and the spirit back of it is one never before shown in the history of the world, except in the Philippines. Ma tional and interna tional philanthropy is new thing in the world, but this country is demonstrating the possibility of great nation helping weak one. as wealthy and wise man might help a poor one and show him the way to prosperity. These things are being accomplished and speak for themselves.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1909-03-07

$125,000, an advance on the budget appro- priated by the state for aeronautical ex- periments, was sent on to the Count im- mediately.
 Opinions on the part of experts in re- gard to the Zeppelin and it's type of air ships for practical war purposes follow ing the accident were many and varied. Some felt that it showed the airship would be of value only as fortress bal loon, especially the rigid and semirigid type like the Zeppelin, the other German and French war balloons, in contrast to the collapsfble kind (ordinary war bal loons) heretofore used by the United States and other governments. All the latter can be defated at once, which was not true of the destroyed Zeppelin or any of It's predecessors or it's successor, which have had an aluminium skin, which renders such a method of safety impos- sible. Many authorities took the other point of view and asserted that the acci- dent to the Zeppelin was what might
The Birmingham age-herald., 1909-03-07

a most indifferent country road and dur ing the half of the year in which the rains fall 1t was absolutely impossible and the farmers were entirely cut off from communication with the outside world. This isolation was occasionally broken by the trip of pack train which foundered through the mud to the great outside, but this was unusual. Under these con ditions the people had found 1t not worth while to buy wagons and even during the dry seasons the pack train was the chief means of transportation.
 The wheel traffic was carried on chiefly by means of the "carreta,' the native two-wheeled cart of the island. If the ingenuity of the people had led them to search the world over for a vehicle less fitted for their purpose they would not have been able to find it. The carreta is a clumsy, high-wheeled cart with an unusually narrow tire. Upon 1t may be placed loads as great as four and five tons. This makes an immense pressure on the two narrow tires and these cut deeply into the soft soil of the island. The wheels are set loosely on the axle and the load rocks back and forth, throw ing all its weight now on one wheel and now on the other and digging always into the road In the mud of the old roads these vehicles sunk often to the axle and on the new road they make constant re- pairs necessary. The provisional gov ernment exerted all its influence to dis courage their use, even going so far as to recommend their prohibition or to en- force the putting of wider tire upon them. Under the old regime eight and ten oxen were necessary to haul one of these carts to market and days were need ed for a trip of few miles. Now a pair of mules does the same work in a few hours.
 Governor Magoon found that there was an accumulation of funds in the Cuban treasury when he assumed control. Though the people were in condition of famine the sources of the revenue of the govern ment were in order and the funds were plentiful There was S13,000,000 as surplus that might be used in some way deemed most beneficial and the Provi- sonal Governor decided upon roads. That was in 1906 and since that time the cam paign has been most actively pushed.
 In laying down the plan for the CO., hesive system of roads the Department of Public Works decided on a scheme of roads that would consist of a highway running east ana west from Santiago de Cuba at the one end of the island to Los Arroyos de Mantua at the other ex- treme This road would cut through the heart of fthe island from end to end fol- lowing. as a general thing, the elevated
The Birmingham age-herald., 1909-03-07

federate lines. After the Austro-Prussian War and the Franco Prussian War, in both of which he served with distinction, he was retired as a general. Then 1t was he began his investigations in aero nautics.
 Some interesting facts about his airship are, 1t can and has carried 16 persons at one time; 1t is over 40 feet long and 45 feet in diameter. Sixteen separate compartments hold the gas for support ing the alrship. Blunt at the bow, It. tapers to the stern, where the steering device is fixed. Underneath, two inde- pendent motors, each of 140-horsepower, are attached to separate platforms. Sleeping quarters for the crew are pro vided for and the airship carries a wire less outfit. Such is the greatest airship of all times, the machine which will play an important part in any European. war Germany may be involved in from this time forth, only instead of one, the Ger man Army will have fleet of similar machines led forth to battle by the Zep- pelln itself
The Birmingham age-herald., 1909-03-07

yYsHILE the average reader knows kk that Michigan is marvelously " rich along many lines of pro duction, few know that some, of the most profitable salt mines in the entire world are situated in this ono of the Great Lakes states sIn 1908 the reports state that Michigan turned ont over G. 1000 barrels of fine salt, and in 1907 half million more, and the year before that 100000 barrels of sals were pro duced the largest record and a tremen- dous addition to the industrial activities of the state.
 The falling off in the Michigan salt in dustry is not due to lack of demand, lack of capital or lack of the raw product. It was caused by the decline In the lum- bering activity in Michigan. which affect ed the salt mining strongly. as much of the salt is made from brine which is eyaporated by steam. which in turn is mere waste from the tremendous lumber milling industry of the commonwealth.
 The bad times affected the lumber re- gions tremendously, as construction during 1908 up until the month of November was not more than 60 per cent. O. the