The San Francisco call., 1909-01-27
Answers to Queries

MARTIAL LAw-H. F. B.. City, and four
other correspondents Was martial law de-
clared in San Francisco during or after the ca
tastrophe of April, 1906: What is martial law
and military law?
This department has more than 90
times in the last year answered that
San Francisco never was under martial
law on the day of the catastrophe or
since.
Martial law is that military rule
which in time of war is conferred by
the laws of war in relation to persons
and things within the scope of active
military operations. Martial law sus-
pends all civil law and the functions of
all civil officers, also the writ of habeas
corpus. During the time named by the
correspondents none of the civil rights
or officers were suspended. During the
time the troops were in the city they
were there in the nature of protective
police to assist the authorities. Byron
l.. Barge of the Columbus, o., bar and
lieutenant colonel of the Ohio national
guard (retired), in Law and Customs
of Riot Duty book recently issued
for the instruction of the national
guard of all the states, says:
In the minds of the guardsmen three
terms are often confused, namely. mill
tary law, martial law and military
government. Military law is that
WHICH SONcIuS the SOlQieT In peace, at
home and abroad. Martial law is that
enforced by military commander over
the civilians in his district whenever
the civil authorities are unable to
maintain peace and order or enforce
the laws. Military government is ex-
ercised only over enemy territory"
POEM-F. l.. W., City. This corre-
spondent wants the name of the author
a poem of which the following is the
opening line:
There is a peace which cometh after
sorrow"
This does not appear in the First
Lines of Poetry Any reader who
may know, send desired information
on postal card.
CoLLIsIoN-F. E. T., San Jose. and Sub
lision or the Humboldt coast by which the
steamer Columbia was sunk? What company did
the Columbia belong to?
The schooner San Pedro ran into the
steamer Columbia at a point 20 miles
south of Point Gorda, July %, 1907.
The steamer was owned by the San
Francisco and Portland steamship COM
pany.
GIBSON GIRLS-M. A. C. What is the
meaning of the term Gibson girls applied to
chorus singers?
Charles Dana Gibson the American
illustrator, produced picture of tall,
slender, willowy woman. a very strik-
ing type of woman. This was called
the Gibson girl" Girls, whether in
the chorus or others. who are of that
type are called by that name.
cRow-B. E. NJ. Callahan, Cal. Does the
splitting of the tongue Of crow enable it to
talk?
1t does not affect a crow either one
way or the other. If a crow is gifted
with the power of uttering words, it
will do so; if not, no amount of tongue
splitting will make it utter word.
Unsplft and split tongued crows utter
words.
GREAT DANE. s.. Santa Barbara. Cal.
and intelligentf
If a pedigreed animal under years
of age, about $50. If we'll trained to
perform certain stunts. he would be
worth a little more. If more than 2
years old he is worth about $50 as a
pet.
J. SPRING VALLEY. J. f.. City. What is
company7 What is its bond issue?
MoodyS ManuaI for the current
year says: Capital stock. s2s,O00, 900;
shares at par value of 800; bonded
debt 1908. s17.500, ,00O."
F0RESTRY--k. M. A. To whom should an
plication be made for good position in the for
estry rangers department?
Address state forester, Sacramento,
CAL
HAAS-C p c., Point Arena Cal. what
was the verdict in the of Morris Haas
who attempted to kill Francis J. Heney; that he
committed suicide was nlurdered?
That he committed suicide.
OLD DATE-C. p. c. On what DAYS of the
week did September II, 1881, aud July o. lsDa,
September ii. Wednesday; July Q,
/ Co HI