davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Amador ledger., 1909-10-22
Harlem In New York.

In an early charter of what is now
New York occurs the name of Lancas-
ter. That is what Harlem used TO be
called. 1t comprised the territory on
Manhattan Island north Of Il line drawn
from the foot of East Scventy-fOurth
street 10 the foot of Manhattan street.
The real Harlem rillage was 4 settle
ment collected wlt&ap q radius Of a
quarter Of Il mile from One Hundred
and Twcnty-fourth street and Third
avenue. Today the name Harlem is
applied to the whole territory north Of
One Hundred and Tenth street. east
and west. After the name Lancaster
was eliminated the village was called
Nieuw Haarlaem.-New York Press.
Amador ledger., 1909-10-22
The Winze.

The superintendent of western
mine in driving tunnel struck Il
body of ore. The vein was vertical
and had Il sharp dip TO develop it
and get ready to mine the ore it was
necessary TO put down winze-that is
to say. to sink shaft, in this instance
an incline.
Elated over the discovery. he te!e-
graphed the board in the east that he
had struck rich shipping ore and re-
ceved the laconic reply to begin ship
ping ut once.
He wired that he could not ship any
ore until he had winze on the vein.
How much will winze cost?" was
the telegraphic query.
zone thousand dollars" he replied
promptly.
The next query iloored him. 1t
read. Cant you buy a secondhand
winze cheaper:"-Ne York Post.
Amador ledger., 1909-10-22
TALL AFRICAN GRASS.
Beautiful Scenes at Night on the Veldt
When Fire Spreads.

Unlike good deal of South Africa.
Rhodesa is largely wooded. In some
places the forests are Of value. but a
large proportion is not valued for its
timber. The grass in this part of
Africa grows to a phenomenal height
in the Valleys and especially in the
valleys of the Sabi and ZambeZi rivers
it reaches it's greatest height. To say
that the grass is often twelve feet high
Is no eXaggcration. Naturally 1t is
very easy to lose ones way in this
grass if one is unfortunate enough to
stray from the beaten track. 1t is the
custom there to burn this grass off
each year when it gets dry. This is
usually i'm August and September or
even in October. Fires burn for miles.
and as the country is largely a wilder
ness little damage is done by this
method of destroying the grass. 1t is
a beautiful sight ut night in the fire
season to see the hills for miles around
encircled with flames
After the grass has been burned the
rainy season usually begins. and it is
then that the country is at its prettiest.
The grass is then green and the foil
age on the trees is beautiful The old
leaves drop off gradually and the new
ones take their place before the trees
are bare. The new leaves are of all
shades of the rainbow. and il is much
like the fall scenery in this country
when the dead leaves are falling from
the trees. Waterfalls are numerous in
the mountains, and there are many of
great height. although the rivers are
usually small in volume.-Springfield
Republican.
Amador ledger., 1909-10-22
A .;oke of Marx Twain,s.

Probably few people are aware that
the theatrical godfather of that famous
actor Mr.. William Gillette was Mark
Twain, who was Il fellow townsman
and friend of his father. Mark
Twain in referring to the matter said
that wheu he used his influence to get
young Gillette on the stage he thought
he was playing Il great joke on the
management, for he did not think Gil
lette had the slightest aptitude for act
ing. Bur it turned out TO be no joke
after all. Il don't know" said Mark
Twain. (which like better-having
Gillette make tremendous success or
seeing one of my jokes go wrong"
Amador ledger., 1909-10-22
QUEER ANIMALS.
The Hsrpy Eagle, the Aye-sye sno the
Tasmania Devil.

coHdiHd gSNUs
The world has been so thoroughly
explored that one might imagine It
impossible that any noteworthy spe-
cies of mammal or bird could still re-
main unknown. Yet every now and
then something new turns up For ex-
ample, It was not so very long ago that
a first acquaintance was made with
the harpy eagle. a fowl native to the
region of the Amazon. which feeds
chiefly on monkeys. Another curiosity
not long known is the aye-aye of Mad
agascar, a mammal which has one fin
ger Of each hand most curiously skel-
etonzed and elongated for the purpose
of dragging from their burrows the
earthworms on which it feeds AS Is
well known. it is from Australia and
New Zealand that come the flghtless
birds. SOME of which readily breed i'm
captivity.
The fur seal rebels in captivity.
The seals which one sees captive and
which do such intelligent tricks are
hair seals. belonging to quite Il differ
ent species. SO opposed is the fur seal
to the very notion of deprivation of
liberty that it will invariably starve
itself to death rather than submit to
such condition. Likewise it is with
the Tasmanian devil. a queer little
marsupial about two feet long, some
what resembling in appearance baby
bear. which is found only in Tasmania,
a large island formerly known as Van
Diemen's Land, to the south of Aus
tralia. 1t is almost Incredibly fero-
cious. preying upon the sheep and poul-
try of the farmers. and never yet.
though captured in earliest infancy
has it responded TO kindness by mani
Testing an amiable disposition.-Phila-
delphia Ledger.
Amador ledger., 1909-10-22

A Good Laugh Is Good For the Health
Look at the laugh in whatsoever
light you will. whether you see it rs
the deliverer from the bondage to out
grown notions; a schoolmaster with
the sharp switch Of ridcule to teach Us
manners; an apostle Of democracy, pro
claiming that we are all of the same
clay, made Of it and to return 20 it,
but every lump of it holding some
sparkle of the divine fire. and woe be-
tide the man that tries TO make US
think that hc is Of different stuff! Loob
at the laugh, ! say, in any light you
choose, and you will see that It is not
so much the downfall and confusion "
the laughed at that makes us happy,
that joggles our Wristbands and sends
the ha-ha spouting out, that pumps
the blood along the sluggish veins,
massaging the interior works and rr-
placing the shopworn stock of air with
new consignment as it is the sud
den, sharp. intense realization Of our
personal we'll being Eugene Wood in
Success Magazine.
Amador ledger., 1909-10-22
SEEING UNDER WATER.
The Refraetion Of Light and the lin.
iting Angle Of Vision.


One Of the most peculiar things in
connection with life under water Is
what is known as the limiting angle of
vision. This applies to fishes, divers,
submarine crews and, i'm fact, any be.
ing possessing the power of sight and
desiring TO look through the water at
objects in the air The effect is not
due to defect in vision. but to the re-
fraction or bending of light, and no
telescope or other optical instrument
can get around it.
The effect consists of the impossible
ity of seeing anything on the outside
unless the observer directs his line Of
sight within forty-eight degrees Of the
vertical. If Il forty-nine degree angle or
over is taken. the surface, no matter
how clear the water is. acts as per-
feet mirror and reflects objects at the
bottom of the water thus not allowing
anything OH the outside to be seen.
The consequence of this property is
the most startling OF all, for everything
on the outside can be seen and thus
has to be seen in the cone described
by the forty-eight ANgree angle from
the eye. This shO|5 all outside OBJ
jects huddled together and appearing
high in air. Thus, if one dives into the
middle of a wide river, on looking up
the banks will appear close together,
but. at Il great distance from the OBJ
server, high in air.
This angle is called the critical" an
gle and Of course varies with the two
media in contact.
If one desires to make the experiment
a square glass box or an aquarium will
answer very well. Suspend this from
the ceiling or support it on a wall
bracket and look under it at an angle.
The phenomenon will be observed as
indicated. The clearer the water and
the stronger the light the more clearly
will things appear.-Chicago Record
Herald.
Amador ledger., 1909-10-22
Nn,n Kind OF Sstter

Little Oscar, aged five. had a dog
which was almost always to be found
behind the stove in the Kitchen. Oscar
once visited at a house where there
were two fine dogs. The master of the
house told him that they were Irish
settlers. The little fellow. who was
very fond of his pet, answered quickly,
mine is a kitchen er"--Delineator
Amador ledger., 1909-10-22
Careful Sandy.

MeeniSter-An why didn't ye come
to the kirk last Sawbath? Sandy
had nowt hut IL shllin' In my claes.
That's over muckle siller to pit in tn
contribution box all at ain time.-Lon-
don Tit-RitS.
Amador ledger., 1909-10-22
His Role.

"That man made an immense for
tune out of simple little invention"
Indeed. What did he inyeRt?'
"Inve1t? Nothing. you dub! He was
the promoterw- Cleveland Leader.
Amador ledger., 1909-10-22
Mistaken.

"He says he's your friend for life;
says you lent him $50
so | did. But he's not my friend
for life. propose to ask him for 1t
next pay day" - Louisville Courier
Journal.
Amador ledger., 1909-10-22
BOARD OF SUPERVISORS

Township -. John Stronm, Jackson
Township 2 ,..... B. H. Bagley, lone
Township 3........A. Grillo, Volcano
Township AID. A. Fraser Sutter Creek
Township 5......L. Burke, Plymouth
Chairman
Amador ledger., 1909-10-22

killed by the painted surface in three
days, of diphtheria in five hours, and of
typhoid in eight hours. After a year
the germ killing power is weaker.
Amador ledger., 1909-10-22
State Government.
EXECUTIVE

Governor ............. james N. GllIeIt
Lieut-Governor Warren K. Porter
Secretary of State. Charles F. Curry
Controller A. B. Nye
Treasurer WIN. r. Williams
Attorney-General.. :. Ulysses S. Webb
urveyor-General. VIM. S. Kingsbury
Supt. State Printing W. w. Shannon
Clerk Supreme Court. F.. L. Caughey
Amador ledger., 1909-10-22

MISCELLANY
Reported weekly for the Ledger.

Electricity in Arctic Farming-Pushing
the Pump--Damr-Climate Glue "
Useful Material-A New Type of
Fertilzer-Pussy's Overlooked Sense
An Explosion Laboratory Much
of Good Thing Disease Killing
Paint.
Amador ledger., 1909-10-22
NINTH JUDICIAL CIRCUIT
CPacific States and Territories
LEGISLATIVE
SENATORS FROM CALIFORNIA

SENATORS FROM CALIFORNIA
George G. Perkins and Frank 2. Flint
CONG RESSMEN FROM CALIFORNIA
First district ... VIM. Englebright
Second district. Duncan E. McKinlay
Third distrsct :. Joseph K. Knowland
Fourth district. t...........Ju Julius Kahn
Fifth district. ....,......E E. A. Hayes
Sixth district -. James G.. Needham
Seventh district. James McLachlau
Eighth district. .......,....S. 9. smith
Amador ledger., 1909-10-22
AmadOr LEDGER
The Bulletin
FOR
$500
Per Year

offer and be withdrawn time would
subscribers back that they take
advantage OF special combination sale.
clean
daily than the combined circulation
al other San
this
other Francisco papers will cost you $8
Amador ledger., 1909-10-22

Senator, 10th district "A. Caminetti
Assem- blyman. 18th dist. G. f. Snyder
The Daily Missoulian. [volume] (Missoula, Mont.) 1904-1961, 1909-01-20
Mr., ROOT MAY RETIRE
WITHIN SHORT TIME

Washington, Jan. 19.-Secretary
Root following his expected election
as senator from New York by the
legislature of that state tomorrow,
hopes to be able to attend to some
pressing matters in the state depart
ment and retire by the end of the
week. Upon the secretary's relin-
punishment of his office, Robert Ba-
con, now assistant secretary, will be
named for secretary of state and he,
in turn, will be succeeded as assistant
secretary by John c. O'Loughlin of
this city.
Because of Mr. Roots intimate
knowledge of several questions in a
critical stage, he will continue for a
few days after his election at the
head of the department of state. These
include the New Foundland fisheries
treaty, the pecuniary claims commits
sion treaty with Great Britain, the
| maritime congress now in session in
London, where the American repre-
| sentative is seeking instructions, and
p, the negotiations with Venezuela.
Mr.. O'Loughlin, who is to succeed
| Mr. Bacon, has lived in Washington
London, Paris, Berlin and st. Peters
| burg. While in the far east with
the Toxic commission he studied the
policies of China, Japan and other
| powers.
The Daily Missoulian. [volume] (Missoula, Mont.) 1904-1961, 1909-01-20
WOULD AID LIBERIA
IN HER STRUGGLES

Washington, Jan. 19.--President
Roosevelt transmitted to congress, with
his approval today, letter from Sec
rotary Root asking authority to APP
point commission of three Ameri-
cans to go to Liberia and assist that
republic in strengthening its hold
on the reins Of government. In his
message the president says:
THE relations of the United States
to Liberia are such as to make 1t
an imperative duty for us to do all IN
our power to help the little republic,
which is struggling against such ad-
verse circumstances"
In his letter to the president Sec
rotary Root states that in June. last
commissioners from Liberia applied
to the United States for guarantee
of the territorial and political in
tegrity of Liberia. Upon being con-
WINGED that such was impracticable
the commissioners requested that the
| United States lend to Liberia officer:
to aid in the conduct of its admins
| tration
The Daily Missoulian. [volume] (Missoula, Mont.) 1904-1961, 1909-01-20
ON THE RUN
ABOUT TOWN
PEOPLE YOU KNOW AND SOME
OF THE THINGS THEY SAY
AND DO.

For a couple of months The Missou-
liam had an interesting series of news
letters from "Shang-
HOW NEWS ville." which was box
TRAVELS car town populated by
railway co n truction
men near Lothrop. The items which
were sent from the lively burg were
the product of the facile pen and clev-
err brain of one Of the trainmen who
found time hanging heavy on his hands
while waiting for loads. The news let
ters attracted considerable local at
tentlon and furnished amusement. 1t
was not supposed that the correspond
ence would be taken seriously, but 1t
appears that 1t was regarded Us the
real thing by some OF the readers Of
The Missoulian. The advance infor-
nation sheet issued by the Electric
Railway Journal OF New York for jan
uary, which gives all important deals
in purchasing departments, construc-
ton work and, franchise grants. has
listed in the franchise section this
item: "Shangville. Mont.--An ordi-
nance has been passed by the board OF
aldermen, granting W. A. Clark 80
year franchise, for the construction and
operation of an electric railway In
Shangville. The road will occupy the
site now used by the Northern Pacific
as the main line, and along Hix ave-
nue. and past the city hall, Weston"
An explanatory note states that an
asterisk indicates that the enterprise
hoe nat baau nreyiously repOrted and
the Shangville item Is starred"
The Daily Missoulian. [volume] (Missoula, Mont.) 1904-1961, 1909-01-20
HOTEL At DEBORG|A
DESTROYED BY FIRE

George Briggs returned yesterday
afternoon from a trip over the Occur
d'Alene branch and brought the news
of the total destruction of the DeBor-
gia hotel by fire early yesterday morn
ing. The cause of the fire Is not
known, but 1t Is supposed that 1t was
the result of the explosion Of an air.
tight heater. Ed Albert, the proprietor
Of the establishment, had fixed the
fire in this heater, as was his custom,
before leaving for the night. When
discovered, the fire was under good
Roadway, but it had evidently started
near this stove. The building and its
contents were a total loss. but there
was nobody injured. The loss is es-
timated at about $4,000 with no insur-
ance.
The Daily Missoulian. [volume] (Missoula, Mont.) 1904-1961, 1909-01-20
Bonds for Sale,

Masonic temple 2oyear 6 per cent
first mortgage bonds, in denominations
of 500. $500 and $1,000 each, to the
amount of $4,000 with interest pay
able emi-annaally.
These bonds are secured by a deed
of trust, placed with the Western
Montana National bank, as trustee,
covering the property on East Cedar
street. together with all improvements
to be made thereon, which, when
completed, will have a total value of
100000 The various Masonic bodies
have placed into. this enterprise the
site valued at $4,000 and $4,000 in
cash. part Of which has been used for
excavation and foundation.
Further information can be obtained
from the Western Montana National
bank Missoula, Mont.
r H. KNISLEY. Secretary
The Daily Missoulian. [volume] (Missoula, Mont.) 1904-1961, 1909-01-20
FRACTIONAL DISPUTE.

Indianapolis, Jan. 19.-When the
1900 delegates to the twentieth an
nual convention of the United Mine
Workers Of America assembled In
Tomlinson hall today factional dis
pute was predicted between President
Lewis and his opponent for the pres
idency, John II. Walker of Illinois over
the administration of the affairs or
the organization. Among the delegates
there was intense excitement today
because Of the battle between labor
leaders. The question of new wage
contracts in the various districts was
brought up but was little discussed
prior to the opening Of the convention,
it being overshadowed by the more
vital internal dissension.
The Daily Missoulian. [volume] (Missoula, Mont.) 1904-1961, 1909-01-20
A HEMENWAY MAJORITY.

indianapolis, Jan. 19.-Preliminary
steps were taken by the state legisla-
ture today for the election of Unit
ed States senator to succeed James A.
Hemenway. An election in the senate
showed a majority for Hemenway and
in the house for Shively. Mr.. Shive-
ly, the democratic caucus nominee, will
be elected on joint ballot tomorrow.
The vote in the senate was: Shively,
%; Hemenway, q. In the house:
Shively, so; Hemenway, 40.
The Daily Missoulian. [volume] (Missoula, Mont.) 1904-1961, 1909-01-20

in the bridge will be first class. The
piles are great logs and they are be-
ing driven deep. President Harring-
ton of the chamber of commerce was
amongst those who watched the work
yesterday afternoon and he said, as
he saw how it was going: ut seems
to me that l never saw such thorough
piledriving as this. was surprised
when learned that these big logs
are the piles for the piers And / am
more surprised to note how deep they
are being driven. The bridge will GER
tainly be a good one"
The Daily Missoulian. [volume] (Missoula, Mont.) 1904-1961, 1909-01-20
.RACE-TRACK MEASURE
MAY BECOME A Law

Sacramento, Cal, Jan. 19.-The first
vote on the anti-race track bill taken
this morning in the assembly resulted
in victory for the friends of the
measure Chairman Griffith of the
committee on public morals had
submitted the report on the Walker
Otis bill, favoring its passage.
Mott of Oak, a member of the COM
mittee, who was not present at yes
terday's meeting, moved that the bill
be referred, on the ground that the
public had not been given hearing.
Johnson of Sacramento arose to de-
bate the motion, when Speaker Stan
ton declared him out of order, as such
a motion was not debatable. The mo-
ton was lost SO to 49,
Then members sprang to their feet
to explain their votes.
The Daily Missoulian. [volume] (Missoula, Mont.) 1904-1961, 1909-01-20
SUITS TO DETERMINE
FEDERAL AUTHORITY

Denver, Jan. 19.-Governor Shafroth
directed Attorney General Barnett to-
day to draft a bill to be presented to
the legislature authorizing the attor-
ney general to commence such suits
as may be deemed necessary to deter
mine the exact extent of the right Of
the federal government over the ma
tional resources of the state. The bill
is to carry an appropriation OF $4,000
to meet the expenses of the suits. The
bill has as its object the determination
of the exact powers. of the United
States government over the reclama-
ton lands and forest reserves.
The Daily Missoulian. [volume] (Missoula, Mont.) 1904-1961, 1909-01-20

There Is no fiction, however, about the
Missoula electric railway. Mr.. Whar-
ton put In another busy
THIS LINE day looking over pos
ia REAL sible routes around Mis-
soula and inquiring into
probable business for the road. In
company with Charles F. Dallman, j.
O. Read of Hamilton and Charles Dins-
more, Mr. Wharton was busy all day
in the district between the city and
the fort, including the Orchard Homes
region. Mr. Wharton's investigation
was most thorough and the party,
after dining at the Dallman residence,
continued the work until late In the
afternoon There are many points to
be considered In this matter and Mr..
Wharton is taking them all In as he
goes along. To his companions yes
terday, he expressed himself as much
pleased with conditions here and 1t Is
believed that detailed inspection. such
as is being made now Will add to the
conviction that the field for the rail-
way here is even better than was at
first thought. Talks with Mr.. Whar-
ton have developed the fact that there
will be absolutely no delay In getting
the construction work started on the
new line and that 1t will be FASTENED
as much as possible when once 1t Is
begun. Those who have talked with
Mr.. Wharton have become convinced
that the line will be the best thing
that Missoula could have.
The Daily Missoulian. [volume] (Missoula, Mont.) 1904-1961, 1909-01-20
ANOTHER STEP TAKEN.

New York, Jan. 19.-Another step in
the readjustment Of the affairs of the
Westinghouse Electric & Manufactur-
ing company was made today when
Robert Mather, president of the Rock
Island company, was elected presi-
dent of the board of directors, sue
ceeding e. C. Converse. Charles A.
Terry, for years the company's attor-
ney, was elected a vice president.
The Daily Missoulian. [volume] (Missoula, Mont.) 1904-1961, 1909-01-20
ENDOWS UNIVERSITY.

Chicago, Jan. 19.-In telegram to-
day John p. Rockefeller, Jr., an
nounced that his father had placed Sc
curities on behalf of the University OF
Chicago which would yield an annual
income Of $4,000. On this basis the
securities are reckoned as being worth
100000. Mr.. Rockefeller's total con-
tributions to the university aggregate
$24,S00,000.
The Daily Missoulian. [volume] (Missoula, Mont.) 1904-1961, 1909-01-20
DERAILMENT AT AUSTIN.

Early yesterday morning the North
ern Pacific officials were advised that
a train entering the yards at Austin
had derailed Is cars Of merchandise
and would need the services of q
wrecking outfit to clean up the dam
age. The derailment is said to have
been due to the turning of a rail.
The Daily Missoulian. [volume] (Missoula, Mont.) 1904-1961, 1909-01-20
ARRESTED FOR FIGHTING.

A Montenegrin with an unprouncable
name was arrested early this morning
hy Officers Beeson and Whiteman for
fighting with a revolver at the North
ern Pacific roundhouse. He will ex-
plain the trouble before the police
Judge at this mornings session.
The Daily Missoulian. [volume] (Missoula, Mont.) 1904-1961, 1909-01-20
TREASURY STATEMENT.

Washington, Jan. 19.-Today's state
ment of the treasury balances In the
general fund shows: Available cash
balance, $751; ,6S5,542: gold coin and
bullion. s1s,27s,540; gold certificates,
$2S,742,240.
The Daily Missoulian. [volume] (Missoula, Mont.) 1904-1961, 1909-01-20
LIQUOR PROHIBITED.

Nashville, Tenn, Jan. 19,-The Dill
to prohibit the manufacture or intox-
icating liquor in Tennessee passed the
senate this afternoon by vote OF 20
to 10.
The Daily Missoulian. [volume] (Missoula, Mont.) 1904-1961, 1909-01-20

Every time the big piledriver strikes
a blow In the construction of the big
bridge. II brings the
HUMPING completion of I h a
ALONG structure that much
nearer. There are about
ITO piles to be driven in all the piers
and the work on the first pair was
nearly completed yesterday. The
warm weather added to the size Of the
audience that watched the work. but
the hammer rose and fell with greater
regularity than ever; there was no
stage fright on the part OF the pile
driver. AS the work progresses. 1t be-
comes apparent thai the workmanship