The Arizona sentinel., 1909-07-08
(Continuedl

The government of the Yumas in two classes of chiefs or cap taius; one head chief whose counsel and authority is respect ed by numerous sub chiefs, each of whom presides over his re- spective band. Questions that affect the welfare of the band are decided by the sub chief; those affecting the welfare of the whole tribe are referred to the head chief. Chieftainship was form erfy hereditary, but Pascual, the present head, was appointed by Captain Heintzelman sn 1852; and, although it involved the degradation of two otbeFS- San siago and Cabalao eH- Peio-as we'll as the overcoming of a nat- aral undercarreat of sympathy for them, the appointment was entirely acauiesced Tn, at least outwardfy so.
 This tribe has been at peace since 1857. Their weapons of war consist of bows made of cottonwood, strengthened by strips of anImal membrane; the bow strings are made from the tendons of horses. The arrows are made either from the slender stems of arrow bush or of cane tipped with small heads of chert, obsidian, old bottles of glass, or iron; the tips are poisoned by thrusting them into the liver of a dead horse prepared in various ways, one of which used to be the shutting up of scorpions, tar antulas and rattlesnakes with a piece of liver; by irritating them they would i'll the liver with their venom and it would then be ready for Use as stated above. Sometimes the arrows were dip ped in the blood of a corpse. A part of their fighting equipment, also, were clubs about two feet long. straight or crooked, and the hunting knife. Few had fire arms, and these were not skill full in the use of them.
 Marriage among the Yumas takes place in early life. It is preceded by a compact to live together as long as the couple can agree, and they are at hber- ty to separate at any time. Con- iugal jealousy scarcely exists. Plurality of wives iS tolerated, provided the man is able to fur nish them support. Marriage among blood relations, even of drst cousins, is strictly prohibit ed; in this respect their religion is physiologically in advance of the Roman Catholic, which, shrough despensatio@ from the Pope, sanctions marriage not only of cousins, but of uncles and nieces. The offspring of intercourse with whites or Mex jeans eSed to be destroyed at birth, and to great extent still fs; but at least there is an occa- sional one tAGt escapes, owing 50 doubt of its purity of blood. A reason once given for this op- position 50 6 mixture of races was 9 fear that the offspring wonld be superior to the parents and at length overcome them The crime of adultery IS often punished by death Their era dies in form are not aDl5ke a snowshoe and are we'll padded with the finest of willow bark
 Enc babe of one year is 0fteE seen with one or more strings oi small beads dangling from its ears. The perforatiOns are made not only in the lobe of the ear, but in one or two other places in the helix. The septUm of the nose is often pierced iR male children, bat all do not wear an ornament therein. Both sexes are fond of and wear white and colored beads, blue being ia yorite color; Singer rings are made of them, and their necks, arms. wrists and ankles are often loaded down with them.
 Their mode of lighting is pc collar. Instead of striking out