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The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1909-03-17
DANGER FOR MONTGOMERY.
Alabama's Rising Water May Cause
Serious Condition.

Montgomery, Ala, March 14-The.
Alabama rivers is still rising tonight
but no further damage was done in
Montgomery today The stream is
several miles wide here and thousands
of Sunday idlers viewed the murky
waters from the banks. At o'clock
tonight the stage at Montgomery is,
81 feet and rising at the rate of three
tenths of an inch an hour. Director
Chaffee thinks the river may go to,
55 feet. This would mean a serious.
condition in Montgomery. The, So
foot stage will overflow the gas works
and cause a suspension of newspaper
and other plants.
Stages of 31.5 feet in the Coosa at
Rome and % feet at Gadsden are re-
ported by the government bureau.
Fifty-seven feet at Selma is predicted
for tomorrow.
Lowlands of middle Alabama are
submerged for many miles and while
no loss Of life is reported, a great
many head of live stock are believed
to have been drowned.
The Tallapoosa river, which emp
ties into the Alabama rever nine miles
north of Montgomery. is a raging tor
rent. This river sweeps around the.
fine convict farm of the State which
is under water The most serious ef-
feet of the high river here is from
the back waters which have submerg-
ed the negro section and are en-
croaching or the manufacturing dis
trict.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1909-03-17
New Ser1es-VOI. xxx. .o7

ne said, would be through the head
and not straight through the neck.
and out under the tongue. the course
the bullet took. The position of Car
mack's body, after he fell. Mccarn
argued, precluded the story that he
turned around so as to be shot in the,
manner claimed by the defense.
And we know of that scabbard-
too, for we went up twice and search
ed for it, but we could not find il. and
we did not find it until it was drawn
out on the stand Somebody else knew
about it, the Coopers and John Sharp
knew of it, Why should not they?
They are not ordinary prisoners. They
do not have to stay in cells. They
talk to their friends at any time
without an officers presence, contrary
to the laws of Tennessee The scab-
bard, we think, was left in Carmack's
hip pocket in his trousers. But Bin
ming put the revolver in Carmack's
overcoat pocket, gentlemen"
Gen. McCarn described how Col
cooper had called his daughter, Mrs
Burch, and said:
It's all over. Robin has killed Car
mack"
He argued that this expression in
dicated that the defendants knew
what they went out to do, and they
announced the consummation of the
deed with the expression "it is alt
over"
After ridiculing Binning for a few
minutes, McCarn asked leave to finish
on Monday and his request was
granted.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1909-03-17
INSURANCE COMPANY RULINGS.
Commissioner McNfaster Explains
Regulations Governing Surity-

Columbia, March 14-Tn regard TO-
the enactments of the Legislature re-
curing all insurance companies to de-
posit with the commissioner a bond or
security, in the discretion of the COM
missioner Commissioner McMaster
has made the following rulings:
Either the principal or the surety
must have on deposit securities to the
amount of the bond or must have i'm
South Carolina property liable to at
tachment to the amount of the bond
This amount it $4,000 for life insur-
ance companies and $4,000 for ain
other companies
surety company must have on de-
posit securities to an amount equal to
the amount of the largest single bond.
which it will give. but should il have
one deposit it will be received on the.
bond of other companies to ten times
the amount of the deposit il makes
that is to say, that to give bond for a
life insurance company a bond com
pany must have on deposit s2a. 600
and In this case would be received ON
gross aggregate Of bonds to the.
amount of 100000.
The commissioner for the present
will receive any good securities. kut-
he will expect the companies making
deposits within a reasonable time to.
secure domestic investments, such asa
State bonds, county or muniesxry
bonds, or real estate mortgages I'm,
south Carolina or some such domes-
tic securities.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1909-03-17

enough to know that if he had heen
'here honestly or accidentally he
would have done what you would 10
or would do, he would have r,,n
"ack' not walk, to where Carmack
was lying. Why. his friend had been
shot' and his other friend was in
trouble. But he was confused bv his
eulit' and when Miss Skeffiington sud
denly confronted him and asked what
1t was, he blurted out the truth-.it is
Dunc Cooper shooting Carmack.' He
refused to tell any one what he knew
refused to describe the tragedy. Is
that the act of an innocent man9 No
is the act of a defendant after he
mas been instructed by a clever attor-
ney. These facts here show ~beyond
a reasonable doubt that Sharp was an
accessory before the fact"
Gen. McCarn placed two rolls of
wire fence upon the floor to represent
the telephone poles and demonstrated
10 the jury how the defendants saw the
shooting took place. This sorry. he
claimed, was contradicted absolutely
by the physical facts. He called Gar
ner over to assume the position that
Robin says Carmack took.
He showed that two wounds
through the heart were downward.
The defense claims they were inflicted
first. McCarn argued that thew could
not have been, that they were infiict-
ed when Carmack was falling, as they
ranged so directly downward. Then
he had Garner turn his head to dem
onstrate that third shot fired by
Robin after the two bullets near the
heart could not have passed into the
back of Carmack's neck through the
spinal cord.
Robin Cooper never came west of
these posts" said McCarn. He came
In from the rear, while his father at
tracted Carmacks attention. If he
had come in, as he says he did, Mrs.
Eastman would have seen him, for he
would have passed directly in her line
of vsiOn'
Il do not know how 1t was done.
but ! believe this 27-year-old boy a
graduate of law, nine years in the office
OF the biggest lawyer in the State,
with beautiful sisters and a tender
fostermother, with a thousand years
Of blue-blood and breeding, with an
ancestor standing in front of him, de-
liberately shot man in the back of
the neck, and shot him again as he
fell. That is what breeding does for
a man."
McCarn then used Garner in a dem
onstration Of what the State claims
would have happened had the bullet
struck Carmack in the back of the
neck as he fell. The bullets course.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1909-03-17

Mrs. Burch's deductions. however,
honestly made. have nothing to do
with these defendants and they are
not responsible for them"
Anderson declared again that Car
mack has no right to anticipate any
trouble until Cooper's note actually
had been received by him, and that
the note had not been sent. There
fore he said Senator Carmack had no
reason to draw a gun when the Coop
ers approached.
Judge Anderson claimed that Mrs.
Burch. the colonel's daughter, was a
State witness. and that the State
should have used her IL she knew
anything pertinent about the case.
"And now. gentlemen. I am going
to quit. The responsibility which has
rested on me Is passing to you. You
know how handicapped we have been
by the failure of the State to offer any
theory at all. But there Is one fact
In this case. which cannot be contro-
verted. And that is that Senator Car
mack drew a revolver first and fired
first. 1t cannot be disputed that Rob.
I'm fired only when he had to. 1 feel
safe In the result. gentlemen, / leave
1t to YOU"
Attorney General McCarn began
his closing argument at once. He re-
marked in opening that he was not
arguing the case Of Robert Love
Taylor against e. w. Carmack," or
the case of M. r. Patterson against
E. w. Carmack."
He eulogized the jury and then
said:
Washington talked so much about
bee martins and sparrows that Joe
Garner actually went to roost on a
tree last night, and this morning he
did not know whether to go to peck.
ing at eagles or fly from limb to limb
so we clipped his wings and brought
him here.
They say the State has no theory
When your old dad took you out to
lick you. did you ever know what his
theory wac? and did he ever ask foc
yours: No. he just decided from the
proof tnat you were guilty and lit iato
you. We have no theory, we just
have proof"
They prate Of the blue blood and
ancestry Of these defendants. 1t always
amuses me the way these fellows with
blue blooo and ancestors always thinE
OF those ancestors when they are
brought face to face with the law. Yet
Judge Anderson made a great speech,
the only real law speech In this suit.
he took what testimony he liked from
the State and what he liked from the
defense. and he asked you to acquit
on that argument"
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1909-03-17

ter In Chancery years before. If he
nad wanted to defame Cooper why
could he not have printed these
facts?"
Referring to the States failure to
put Mrs. Burch on the stand, McCarn
said the State had proved what it
wanted to by Mrs. ~Burch's maid. ana
he added:
But 1 promise you that If she had
gore on I would never have referred
to her story as a cock and bull story /,
yet my distinguished friend, Wash
inSton, asked Mrs. Eastman if she
shot any one that day. And he pratos
of Southern chivalry.
Counsel has described how Grim
pied the old Colonel was and how he
could not shoot. But the Colonel did
not say he could not shoot. He did
not tell Robin he could not shoot. He
pulled gun and said: 1T have this to
defend me- AS matter of fact. gem
tlemen, he could shoot. Look. here is
his pistol. turn my two fingers un-
oer as his were and ssee how easily
and rapidly I can shoot with the
thumb and first and second fingers. -
Gen. McCarn launched into an e,o-
quent defense of Miss Lee.
They say they took Col. Cooper
down to Bradford's office to cool off.
Why gentlemen. you might as we'll
talk of turning Vesuvius up side down
in hell to cool off. They took him to
Bradford's office to cool off-the office
OF the man who said he could have
killed Carmack with as little remorse
as ne would kill rattlesnake. But
they say only Miss Lee claims he said
this, and they attack Miss Lee. And
she sacrificed her home, her position.
her mothers living to tell the truth
He defended the little newsboy,
Johnnie Tyndall and claimed the boy
was corrOborated in his statemen.
that he heard Col. Cooper say: Eve
will get him." by Col. Cooper himself.
"Of course, they did not want to meet
Carmack on Church street, there
would have been fifty witnesses there
and they only needed one. SO they
decided to go up Union street to 7,h
avenue.
They say it was cruel persecution
to have John Sharp indicted. Do you
think 1t Is pleasant for me to stand
here and ask you to convict OF mur-
der In the first degree the brother of
the clerk Of this court, who has been
my friend for years."
John Sharp was taken along for
purpose-to witness that killing and
he filled his purpose. They say he
put himself In a position where he
could not see It.
why. I know John Sharp well
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1909-03-17

Gen. McCarn then took the first ed
itorial to which Cooper objected from
the News-Scimitar. THAT editorial
was not written by Carmack and they
knew 1t. They introduced 1t for one
purpose. and that was because 1t at
tackled Governor Patterson, and they
hoped to reach you men on the Jury
who are and were supporters of the
governor.
Gen. Meeks said don't sue a man
for libel because all you can get will
be Judgment not worth a chew OF
tobacco That is funny advice for
lawyer to give. A judgment against
poor man, which he cannot satisfy,
Is more humiliating to him than all
the things he could say about you."
"And then comes the editorial of
October 21. This editorial refers to
the trading of Bryan for Patterson
and mentions Cooper's name with
others. 1t had right to do it. What
IL one OF them were dive keeper. we
know he was in politics. Cooper SAYS
he was in politics."
Tren Gen. McCarn got after the
Aiaerican, which, he said, was the
Cooper organ.
There is one so-called high class
journal here" he said, (which daily
w''tes editorials tearing to pieces men
who go upon the stand and tell the
truth. Young women are not secure
from these attacks, neither are mere
children. That Is alright, but we
must not criticise Col. Dune Cooper,
he's spark from the expiring embers
or the old Southern chivalry. We will
attack whom we please, but no one
must attack Dune Cooper Now isn't
that a nice theory for a high-class
newspaper?
Next VIC find the editorial Of Octo-
Der. %, which attacks the machine.
and 1t does not mention Col. Cooper's
name. But he got mad.
Then comes the editorial of No
vember 8, Across the Muddy Chasm'
the reconciliation of Cox and Pat
terson. Gentlemen. at the instant
Carmack was falling dead, Governor
Cox and Governor Patterson were in
Intimate conversation not five hum
dred feet away. And this fact shows
that the editorial was true and that
Cooper knew 1t was so.
I'VE have heard a good deal of talk
about the failure to send the note.
When man says II you do a certain
thing one OF you must die, and you
do II. you do not need to wait for a
note, do you?
There has been a contention here
that Carmack DETAINED Cooper. Why,
gentlemen, Carmack knew that Coop
er defaulted and embezzled as Mas
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1909-03-17
the COOPER TRIAL.
ATTORNEY GENERAL McCARN
FAR ALONG WITH HIS SPEECH.

PersonAl Clssh Between the sheriff
And tho Chief Attorney for State
Narrowly Avcrted ON Account of
C1,arges That the Coopers and
Sharp Havc Enjoyed Special Priv
ilogcs - Prisoners.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1909-03-17

The things that would make q vo--
man happy look foolish to a man.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1909-03-17

The best way to kill a falsehood N
to let II lie.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1909-03-17
Consolidated Aug. 3. 1881,
Published "wednesday and saturday
---BY t.
osTEEM PUBLISHING COMPANY


Tsnms:
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Advertisements:
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uvsry subsequent insertion. so
Contracts for three months. or
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All communications which sub
ssrvs private interests will be charged
for - advertisements.
Obituaries and tributes OF respects
win b charged for.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1909-12-15
FOR A BETTER UNDERSTANDING.
Broom Corn Growers and Buyers to
Organize Association.

Liberal, Kan, Dec. 15.-Now that
the business incident to marketing the
local broom corn crop is about closed
it is very important that to avoid the
mistakes and unpleasant incidents that
have crept into the situation from time
to time, some steps should be taken to
bring about better understanding
not only between the growers them
selves but between the growers and
buyers as we'll.
One way out of the dilemma, as sug-
gested by an interested party, is for
the broom corn growers to organize
an active association for the purpose
of promoting the brush and keeping
informed as to the condition of the
market.
The greatest trouble arose from the
fact that the farmer has depended too
much on the buyer for his market re-
port, and 1t often happens that later
developments give rise to dissatisfac-
ton and an estrangement between
them naturally follows. The two are
dependent upon each other, and it is
necessary that their relations are cor
dial
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1909-12-15
BORDER WARS WOMAN DEAD.
Was Forced to Lead QuantrePs Men
Into Lawrence.

Emporia, Kan. Dec. 15.-Mrs. Sally
Mckinney, who tradition says led
Quantrill and his band into Lawrence
on the memorable occasion of the
sacking of that town on August 81,
1863, died here yesterday after a
lengthy illness. She had resided in
Emporia for 35 years. Her birthplace
was Bagenalstown, Ireland.
Stories regarding the connection of
Mrs. Mckinney with the raid of Law
renee differ. She would never discuss
the case. The version most generally
accepted, however, and of which his
torians have made the most use alb
solves her from all blame. 1t is said
she was riding with party of friends
near Lawrence when Quantrill and his
men overlook her. Possibly for the
dramatic effect, the guerilla leader
chose her tc direct his band of out
laws into the town. She was forced
to do his bidding at the point of a
rife.
The attack on Lawrence was one of
the bloodiest and most cruel acts of
Quantrill's. Attacking defenseless
city, he waged a battle in which one
hundred and sixty men were killed.
The outlaws pillaged and burned the
greater part of Lawrence.
Mrs. Mckinney was accused of COM
plicitv in the raid but after an investi-
CATION the authorities decided there
was no evidence upon which she might
be. held.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1909-12-15
AIR FROZE ON ENGINE.
Goodness of Engineer Saved Passenger
Train From Wreck.

Junction City, Kan, Dec. 15.-A
disastrous wreck was averted here
through the courage and GOODNESS of
Harry Erp, an engineer on the first
section of passenger 10S. In some way
the engine of the passenger train be-
tween Chapman and here got beyond
control and when it arrived here the
engineer was unable to stop it, and it
rushed by The depot and through the
yards at high rate of speed.
The fireman, lone Gavin, seeing the
danger, jumped off as it passed the
yards, but the engineer stuck to his
post. A switch engine barely got out
of the way in the nick of time, after
hearing the signals of the runaway en-
CINE, and but a few seconds interviewed
between, thus avoiding collision and
wreck that in all probability would
have resulted in much injury to the
passengers and possible loss of life.
1t took all the nerve and fully 20
minutes of time for the engineer to
gain control of the engine. He backed
up to the depot at Junction City with
none of the passengers aware of their
narrow escape until the train had
been stopped and returned
Mr.. Erp was unable to stop his en-
CINE in the usual manner because the
air became frozen.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1909-12-15
Past Master George Black Talks
of Organizations Work.
Co. Operation Is Only Relief for
AgriculturistS.
IN SESSION AT LYNDON
Closing Year Is One of Great
est Prosperity.
Riches Lead Farmers to Flock
to the Cities.

| Lyndon, Kan, Dec. 15.-"Organlza-
ton and cooperation is the only re-
| lief for agriculture. There is no or
ganization better adapted to CO.
operation than the grange"
| This was the keynote of the ad-
dress delivered here today by George
Black of Olathe, worthy master of the
Kansas State Grange, meeting in Its
ithirty-eighth annual convention
1.-THE metropolitan papers and the
magazines of the country" said Mr.
| Black, "are full of information about
the prosperity that is supposed to be
GROWING the efforts of the American
farmers. Even the department OF
agriculture is out with a report, show
| ing the year 1909 to be the most
prosperous of all years in agriculture;
showing not only bumper crops but
good prices. The fact exists that the
farmers are securing better prices
than they received, a number OF years
ago, but not any more than enough to
pay q reasonable profit on their in
vestment and labor.
1.-THE spectacle of our farmers leav-
ing their farms and flocking to the
cities, is not a good indication that
they are making so much money.
Why should they do so if they are so
prosperous? The fact of the case is,
the farmer is not making the huge
profits that the consumers provision
bills would indicate. The great
trouble is the complicated manner of
distribution, is costing too much.
There are too many middlemen
and too great profits between the pro-
Queer and consumer and the pro-
Queer and the consumer are the suf-
ferers.
"All the trouble cannot be placed
on the railroads and the large trusts,
it is the smaller combinations in our
smaller towns, and cities, that has a
rake off from both the producer and
consumer.
THE manufactures are organized !;
the jobbers have combinations. and
the retailers in the towns have an un-
derstanding, and in the cities an iron
clad combination; and the result is
that the farmers are under paid for
their produce, and the consumer is
over charged. and the only remedy
is, to increase your numbers in the
grange. and establish cooperative
exchanges.
THE National Grange has taken this
matter in hand and have a committee
appointed from Maine, Pennsylvania.
Indiana, Illinois, Missouri. Kansas and
California. The committee realizes the
difficulties before them, but, it is posi-
bic to establish produce exchanges,
which will grow into a system, that
will cheaper transportation and e1iJ71i-
nate so many intermediate profits, and
be a benefit to both the producer and
consumer
That the year just closing exceeds all
previous years in extension of the Or
der of Patrons of Husband-y i'll general
was the statement made by Worthy
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1909-12-15
Trains Are Running Fast
Enough, Say Expert.
Declare That 1t Is Improbable
to Make Lightning Time.
HARD ON PASSENGERS
Starting and Stopping of Trains
Jars Travelling Public.
Other Items of General Interest
i'm Railroad Circles.

Now that there are rumorS, and even
assertions, that railway trains are to be
or soon may be moved at a rate sew
eral times faster than any to which the
latest of recent schedules have accus-
toned us, there is interest and perhaps
pertinency, says The New York Times,
In some computations made by the
Scientific American with a view to
showing that speed increases can not
go on indefinitely.
There is a limit, and the limit is due
TO two facts-one, that every journey
must have beginning and an ending,
and that. while human beings could en-
dure transmission at any speed, they
must be started and stopped with due
regard to their power to resist shocks.
The quickest way to get from one point
to another without uncomfortable or
disastrous effects on passengers is to
travel faster and faster until half the
distance is Travelled. and then to slow
down gradually until the destination is
reached. And -
When the rate of acceleration is just
such as can be borne with comfort, the
limit is attained. The effect ON the pas
sengers would be continuous pressure
against the back of the seat, of the sort
experienced when a car is started sud-
denly, for the first half of the journey,
and then, in order to prevent them from
pitching out of their seats, the chairs
would have to be turned in the opposite
direction for the rest of the journey,
during which the same sensation would
be felt. If an attempt were made to
make the same time by any other
method involving uniform speed
throughout the greater part of the
journey. an unpleasant jar or pressure
would be experienced in starting and
stopping. The highest speed attainablc
would, therefore, be proportional to the
distance traversed.
BY mathematical calculation not
necessary to repeat here, it is discov
cred that living passengers will never
be transported between New York and
Philadelphia is less than minutes and
A seconds. and that Boston will never
be reached in a shorter time than 10
minutes and seconds. This is rather
disappointing. Still, the gain over the
present train schedules will be consid-
erable-quite enough to make frequent
travellers wait for its attainment,
through the gyroscope or otherwise,
with some impatience