davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Greene County herald. (Leakesville, Miss.) 1898-current, 1909-12-03
g SPECIALISTS NOTICE.

Editor Herald: Please announce
that l will be in Leakesville on Tues
day, Dec. Z, 90 and remain B days.
f. L. WALTON, MD.
Meridian, Miss.
Nov 26 1909
Greene County herald. (Leakesville, Miss.) 1898-current, 1909-12-03
New Advertisements.
Departmentmento of the Interior,
U 5. Land ONCE at jackson. Miss.
.rnunln,. l.lnd 1000


november 22nd. 1909.
notice is hereby given that Henry d. Hart
field OF McLain Miss sisSippi, who on May
91 1904 made Homestead Entry NO 391Of
Serial NC. 0l739for the l-2 of ne IL. and the
neA of sea sec - twp N. re- W. st, Stephens
Meridian has filed notice OF his intention to
make final Five Year Proof to establish
claim to the laad above described. before the
Clerk of the Circuit Court of Greene County at
Leakesville. Mississippi on the
3rd day of January 1910.
Claimant names as witnesses: VIII Smell,
Luke Woods, A. B. fairfield. C. w. Law
renee all of McLain Mississippi.
L.Q. c. LAMAR. Register.
Greene County herald. (Leakesville, Miss.) 1898-current, 1909-12-03

have on hand still good many
oxen and young steers for sale. 1t
will pay buyers to see me before
buying.
IN o1A w w AVER
Greene County herald. (Leakesville, Miss.) 1898-current, 1909-12-03
LOCAL

Voting Contest starts Wednesday
Dec. LIST ends Dec. %, 1909. Ask
80 49,. -, Geo. A, Metzger
Greene County herald. (Leakesville, Miss.) 1898-current, 1909-12-03
STATEMENT.

STATEMENT ~
Showing the condition OF the Bank of Merrill
Branch Bank OF Leakesyile. Merrill. Miss, on
Nov. 10th 1909. published by direction OF
Chapter IA of Mississippi Code of 1867
RESOURCES.
Loans and Discounts on persona
Greene County herald. (Leakesville, Miss.) 1898-current, 1909-12-03
DENTAL NOTICE.

Will be IN Leakesyille on Tuesday,
Dec. 18th, will remain one week OF
.sz.s-.szs.rsss=szssTs
ten days. az rIIAla0
Greene County herald. (Leakesville, Miss.) 1898-current, 1909-12-03

= = s TOTaI--
oFTHE ABOVE AMOUNT OF LOANS AND 4
DISCOUNTS sf-a fktos&A
~ n;rectors Of the Rank 5000
~ stoc,,bo,ders Of the Bank 6.el1.ss
fI5O.D. Van note Cashier Bank OF McLain.
Mel ain Mississippi. do hereby certify
that the foregoing is true, tull and exact
statement of the Assets AND Liabilities OF sa,u
Rank on the day and date named thereih' as
shown by the books OF the same
~ sa4 81 SasA o. u. VAN NOTE Cashier
Sworn to and subscribed before me. NOTARY
public in and for the County OF Greene MISS
|issill,li. shis the 10th day Of November issr
- IS aua etas b. E. GREER. N. p.
examined and found correct this Neys y. 1903
Ell. SMITH. Auditor.
G. M LUCE Prest Organized September. 1900
o. D, yAS, NOTE, Cashier
Greene County herald. (Leakesville, Miss.) 1898-current, 1909-12-03

1, ]. C. Dubois Jr,, Manager Bank OF Mer'
rin. Merrill. Mississippi, do hereby certify
that the foreeoing is a true full and exact
statement of the assets and liabilities OF SAID
Bank on the day and date named therein. as
shown by the books of same.
r 81, j. C. DUBOIS JR. Mgr.
Sworn and subscribed before me. a Notary
Public in and for the County Of Greece, Miss
issippi. this the 20 day of November 1902
ei L. c. Helms, Notary Public,
Examined and found correct
E' Ell, SMIr H. Audi r.
NArC, wrS Prest j. C, DUBOIS JR., Mgr.
Greene County herald. (Leakesville, Miss.) 1898-current, 1909-12-03

Miss Mary Metzger, after spend,
inc three weeks with her brother and
sister-in-law at Leakesville,. Miss,
has returned home. Miss Metzger
reports a delightful trip and says
Leakesville is getting to be quite a
city. Mobile Daily Register.
Greene County herald. (Leakesville, Miss.) 1898-current, 1909-12-03

Communicated. rs ~ n
The Womans home Missionary So
ciety will give an Entertainment at
the Methodist Episcopal Church,
End Sunday night Dec. 18th. The
following Program will be rendered,
after which will betaken collection.
Everybody cordially invited.
Instrumental Voluntaire, Miss Myr-
tie Baxter.
Greene County herald. (Leakesville, Miss.) 1898-current, 1909-12-03
W. W. AVERA

Nary Shaces of Blue In indigo.
Indigo furnishes nearly so shades
OF hlue.
Greene County herald. (Leakesville, Miss.) 1898-current, 1909-12-03
GREENE COUNTY HERALD.

MAZE q certants cf the proper meatinn i''
his column Of any locals coming TO your
knowledge by putting the office in touch With
the data,s Ii'you have a visitor or go Visiting
yourself, uor stumble on any likely matter OF
readfngA interest tell us about 1T or drop a
memorandum of 1t insthe poStofce = The
dERALD wants 10 keep M with all the hapLeh-
Ings. put we need your help as we'll as kindly
criticism Don't let tinlidity or false sense
OF proprlety keep good live news item under
cover.
SO slFW E3GN
FRIDAY. -. December 3, 1909.
Greene County herald. (Leakesville, Miss.) 1898-current, 1909-12-03

~s~,.e - Total s5s,5ls.sI
oFTHE ABOVE AMOUNT OF LOANS AND
Greene County herald. (Leakesville, Miss.) 1898-current, 1909-12-03

The Baptist Ladies' will hold q
Bazaar at the home OF Mrs. Anding
on Wednesday Dec. 8, 1909 beginning
at 8 o'clock Come and buy your
Christmas presents, we are sure to
have something you want, we have a
nice line of fancy work, also line of
Christmas novelties. o d
Greene County herald. (Leakesville, Miss.) 1898-current, 1909-12-03
T0tal
LIABILITIES.

Capital Paid in uss v 1l9'oooOo
Surplus sses..,fss.s-.fS !. s-ss 1890 .',ooo
Tax Reserve xss..ss =, 49, 49,
Undivided Profits less Tx. and Taxes 1,lt5's
Individual deposits subject to Check Ss,os'sb
eatas of r,enesit $3.50 %
Unpaid Dividends ~ INV
Greene County herald. (Leakesville, Miss.) 1898-current, 1909-12-03
STATEMENT,

showing the condition Of the Bank of McLain.
McI.ain. Mississippi, on Nov. Is. 1909. +.
published by direction of Chapter IA OF
Mississippi Code of 1909 81 m.@ 7s5
RESOURCES. eefe a-a
Loans and Discounts on personal
endorsements. real estate or
collateral securities s4o'S5l.oi
Overdrafts, s. 9n5 ni &-ef iSo'Ss
Banking House, Furniture and Fixt' 415OOO
NO ,ron, Other Ranks sds q o.57s.37
Cash Items a3 5 - W.
Cash on hand IS gedsoa % 90
--
Greene County herald. (Leakesville, Miss.) 1898-current, 1909-12-03

CHAS. E. WARD.
Fergus County Democrat. [volume] (Lewistown, Mont.) 1904-1919, 1909-09-21
AWARD CONTRACT
FOR The WALKS
L LITTLEJOHN WILL DO THE
WORK ON COURT HOUSE
SQUARE.

The county commissioners met in
special session yesterday and award
ed the contract for laying the cement
walks in the court house grounds. to-
gether with the construction of the
steps at the Main street and Seventh
avenue entrances, to N J. LittIejohn,
who offered to put in the walks at
z cents foot and build the entrances
for $325. His total bid will aggre-
gate about 81 900. Green & Smith
were only about 500 above Mr.. Little
john on the entire job. IN
1t is the intention to level off the
ground and do all the grading there
this fall, so that they will be ready
for the grass and trees in the spring,
The commissioners have appointed
Miss Julia Sorvaty as a member Of
the examining board, to succeed Miss
Jennie Fulton, who has left the state,
Fergus County Democrat. [volume] (Lewistown, Mont.) 1904-1919, 1909-09-21
Mayor Phillips and City Attorney
Blackford Return From Trip to
Great Falls.
MAKING INVESTIGATION
Secure Information That Will Be
Used Here-Council Meeting To-
night-New Sewer District.

Mayor Samuel Phillips and City
Attorney w. M. Blackford returned
home Saturday evening from a two
days visit to Great Falls. where they
went to look over the water system
and investigate the methods of keep
ing the accounts of the water depart
ment with view of applying some
OF the methods employed there. to
our own water department. The
gentlemen were afforded every ia
cility for gathering this information,
and returned with a good many new
ideas. There is urgent need for plac-
ing the local water department upon
new basis. With large amount Of
bonds outstanding for the gravity sys-
tenn and the original plant, it is in
tended to so arrange the accounts
that a sinking fund which will meet
the. situation should be built up and
that better methods of keeping the
accounts prevail
Some of the information gathered
by the mayor and attorney will be
outlined at the meeting of the city
council tonight, and it will be received
with interest by all the aldermen.
Iron Pipe On the Way.
The iron pipe for the mains extend
ing from Fifth avenue to the court
house improvement district is now on
the way and will arrive here shortly.
At tonight's meeting, this matter will
be taken up and arrangements made
for putting in the new pipe. This
will be the first step in replacing the
wooden pipe now in use with iron. tn.
change to be made first in the busi-
ness district and gradually extended
to include the whole system. 1t will
take a long time to do this and will
require large outlay, but it is be-
Fergus County Democrat. [volume] (Lewistown, Mont.) 1904-1919, 1909-09-21
The Preliminary Hearing in Two
Cases Are to Be Held This Week
Eight Hour Law Contention.
6. ". JOHNSON in JAIL
Hamilton Stage Company Makes
Charge-An Alleged Horse Thief
"A Divorce Case.

George w. Johnson was brought
in from Butte Sunday evening, hav-
ing been arrested on a charge Of
grand larceny. The preliminary hear
ing has been set for Thursday next
before Justice Brassey, but it is
doubtful if the case can be taken up
then, as both County Attorney J. c.
Huntoon and H. L. DeKalb, who ap-
pears for the defendant, are in Mel
stone on case. .t-#
The Charge.
Johnson was until very short time
ago in charge Of the Kendall office Of
the Hamilton Stage company. It. is
alleged that when he left there last
week, he took with him or otherwise
appropriate considerable sum of
money belonging to the company.
Mr.. Johnson denies that he stole any
thing, merely claiming that more
than the amount he is accused Of tax
ing was lawfully due him, and that
he had endeavored to secure a set
tlement with. Emmet Hamilton, but
failed, He had arranged some time
before then to leave last Wednesday,
this not being a secret at all He be-
lievcs that the hearing will result in
his discharge 5@44 saaf
Clem SfssW, of Milestone. was ar
rested lasssMeek for horse stealing by
sNeputy SRkriff 7Al Morgan. The pre-.
lilnlnary heariIk will be held at Mel
stone tomorroW,Mnd County Attorney
Huntoon will appear for the state.
while H. L. DeKalb will represent
Shaw. Z. $50 s-u p ...
500 The Eight Hour Law.
County Attorney Huntoon was
called to Roundup yesterday to look
after the case against Contractors
Graham and Harrington, who arc
charged with violating the eight hour
Fergus County Democrat. [volume] (Lewistown, Mont.) 1904-1919, 1909-09-21
MISS REUCKERT ILL.
Music Teacher of the Fergus County
High School Recovering.

Principal Sackett, of the high
school, who went to Miles City Sat-
urday to see Miss Reuckert, who is
i'll there with typhoid. has returned
and reports that the patient is getting
along as well as could be expect
ed under the circumstances. Miss
Reuckert came here from Dunkirk.
New York. to take charge of the
music department of the high school,
and became ill soon after the school
opened. 1t was thought that she was
affected by the change in altitude. and
she went on to Miles City. intending
to remain there a short time before
returning. It soon developed that it
was not altitude but typhoid that
caused her illness. Miss Reuckert's
numerous friends hope for her speedy
recovery and return.
Fergus County Democrat. [volume] (Lewistown, Mont.) 1904-1919, 1909-09-21
Directors of the Milwaukee Spend a
Few Hours in Lewistown On
Their Way to Coast.
PLEASED With FERGUS
Milwaukee Is About to Inaugurate
Great Advertising Campaign On
Behalf of This State.

Quite unexpectedly, party of
Milwaukee road directors and other
officials arrived here shortly after
noon yesterday and spent few hours
in the city. The party included
William Rockefeller, Jr., Roswell
Miller. Donald Geddes. Vice President
Clark, Major Bond, President Earling,
General Superintendent H. B. Earring
and District Superintendent Melin. A
wire was sent to David Hilger by Mr..
Earling and he met the party at the
train, taking lunch with them before
coming UP town.
Visit Judith Club.
The party then visited the Judith
Club, where the Milwaukee officials
met 5. S. Hobson, r. Won Tobel,
Frank E. Wright, ]. L. Bright, J. f.
Lane, Austin w War; and few 9TH
ers. The visitors took advantage of
the opportunity to look over the bus
mess portion of the city, but their stay
was too brief to permit of much in
vestigation The officials are making
a tour of inspection over the western
extension of the road and did not ex-
pect to come co Lewistown until yes
terday morning, when they reached
Harlowton and found they had few
hours at their disposal. All were
greatly pleased with the run through
the Judith Basin country, and sur
prised at the settled appearance of this
section, as we'll as the fine crops and
the acreage under cultivation.
An Advertising Campaign.
Before leaving. Mr.. Earling stated
that the Milwaukee was about to in
augurate the greatest advertising cam
paign on behalf of Montana ever
undertaken by any railroad in Amer
icaica. 1t has been carefully planned,
and when 1t is over, the people of
the country at large will be pretty
familiar with the. resources and at
fractions of every part of Montana
1--WE propose to stir up some real
Fergus County Democrat. [volume] (Lewistown, Mont.) 1904-1919, 1909-09-21
Government to Dispose of Nearly
Three Million Feet Around the
Snowy Mountains.
Sale SET FOR OCT. 6
Bids Will Be Received at Local Land
Office On That Day for All or
Part of Timber.

On Wednesday, Oct 6, nearly three
million feet Of "down timber" sit
uatcd in townships II, l3 and IA, north
of range % east. and township Is.
north OF range 2l east, being in the
Snowy mountain district, will be Of
fercd Tor sale at the land Office in this
city. This timber was blown down
in the fierce wind storm in the spring
and Summer of 1907. and the sale Is
directed by the commissioner of the
general land Office.
Will Sell in Lots.
The letter Of direction from Louis
1. Sharp. chief Of the fourth field
DIVISION, states:
The timber will be offered at pub
lie sale in such amounts and from
sucii' lands as is most desirable to the
government and the purchaser, but
no bid for less than all of the timber
on particular 40 acre sub division
will bc considered, and the govern
mcnt reserves the right to reject any
and all bids which are for less than
SO cents. per thousand feet, board
measure, uthe. appraised value of the
uHlDcT. mo RESTRICTION VIII De placed
upon the :imount of timber any one
bidder will be allowed to purchase.
Sufficient time will be allowed by the
goWernment TO the successful bidders
in which, to remove the timber, but
no One Will be allowed to cut and re-
JnluNe or assert any control or interest
in the ysaidt timber until the full
amount. ,of his bid has been paid and
receipt issued therefor by the Register
of the dU.' S. land office, Lcwistown.
aA3sa. To Receive Bids. . .....
Sealed bids will be received up to
noon, October 9th. and considered
along with open bids made on the
said date by parties present at the
sale. All the timber will be offered at
public sale.
Fergus County Democrat. [volume] (Lewistown, Mont.) 1904-1919, 1909-09-21

law in municipal work. The com
plainant in this case is Contractor
Wynne, who short time ago was
himself arrested for a similar offense,
the complainant being an official of
the Roundup labor union.
Judge Sanner Here.
Judge Sidney Sanner, of Miles CITY,
was here Friday and part of Satur-
day attending TO routine matters in
the district court, nothing of any i'm
portance, however, coming up.
Suit for Divorce.
Louis A. Myers yesterday brought
suit in the district court to obtain a
decree Of divorce from Jennie Myers
The parties were married at Billings
in October, 1898, and have no chill
dren. In his complaint, the plaintiff
sets out that during the past two
years, defendant has been guilty of
cruel treatment toward him, making
assaults on him, threatening TO kill
him and to burn his property; that in
November Of last year, in state OF
anger, the defendant left him and has
resorted to houses of immoral char
acter and associated with immoral
women in Lewistown. Ayers &
Marshall are the plaintiffs attorneys
Fergus County Democrat. [volume] (Lewistown, Mont.) 1904-1919, 1909-09-21
EAGLES ENTERTAIN
THE B. P. 0. ELks
PLEASANT LITTLE AFFAIR AT
THE OLD MASONIC HALL
MANY PRESENT.

Last Thursday evening the Lewis
town Eagles entertained the Lewis
town Elks at spread in the old Ma
sonic hall, the affair proving a most
delightful one in every way. The hall
was well filed with members Of both
orders, and a genuine fraternal feel
ing pervaded the atmosphere.
Charley Morton presided and made
an admirable master Of ceremonies.
During the evening brief addresses
were made by Mr.. Morton, Mr..
Myers, David Hilger, c. ]. Marshall,
J, p, Rauch, B. R: Gibson, Mark
KSiipnlballI Pr. j. IT. Foley and Roy
Ayers, while Grand Chancellor palm
er, Of the Knights Of Pythias, favored
the. company with fine recitation,
and songs were given by HarlysAllen,
Mr.. Mcdonald, Otto Myers and, Ed
Baker, and the Mahana oxche estra
rendered a number of ffue selsctionss
$50 {, Wild West Show. '' '&''-'
Next Sunday afternoon, the wealth
er permitting,2the E.lks and Eagles
will join in giving a wild west show
and ball game at the base ball park.
The teams will represent the two
orders and the7wlld west show will be
the real thing, Al Morgan and other
experts having volunteered their SER
vices.
The proceeds. derived from the gate
receipts will all be given to charity
Fergus County Democrat. [volume] (Lewistown, Mont.) 1904-1919, 1909-09-21
.EALL millinery
DISPLAY IS fine
BEAUTIFUL SHOWING AT THE
STORE OF WALSH & SUPRE-
NANT THIS WEEK.

If you care to see just what the
trend of fashion i'll fall mallinery is a
visit to Walsh & Suprenant's will
satisfy you. The fall display is now
being shown there, and it is one that
will delight all the ladies. The show
ing includes many exquisite examples
of the milliner's art, all personally Sc
lected, and represents the up-to-date
fashions in women's headwear. The
reign of the large hat is not over at
all, but the style has changed and
changed radically. Fur is now fashion
exclusion of other material by any
means, but it is strongly in evidence.
Turbans are popular again, but its the
new turban, and in this style some
very pleasing effects are produced.
Oen OF the very attractive hats of this
style seen at Walsh & Suprenant's is
in white fur with just cluster of
roses in front.
A hat that will delight all the ladies
is of genuine mink with real bird of
paradise and plumage. 1t is of the
Cossack turban order. Another is a
creation in London smoke color. with
gray plumes, while still another is of
Beaver cloth with plumes. A hat in
brown velvet with brown feathers is
a striking one, and in contrast there
is one in light blue, with blue plumes.
All the varied styles are represented
in the display and it is worth the
time of any woman who wishes to be
in the mode or to know what the
mode is to look over this splendid line
of millinery.
The new automobile wells. most
convenient affairs for the drive, are
shown in variety, and all the acces-
sories to millinery can be seen. The
display of plumes-willow. French
curled feathers, velvets 'and the other
gladsom things that enter into the
making of beautiful hats-are here in
profusion.
Every hat in this fall line bears the
stamp of Dame Fashions approval. It
would be impossible to enumerate half
of the carefully selected models dis
played, but the p roprietors of the
store will be pleased to show than
and the Lewistown ladies viii not be
slow to look them over.
Fergus County Democrat. [volume] (Lewistown, Mont.) 1904-1919, 1909-09-21
Contest Is Now On in Earnest and
Surprises Will Be Sprung During
the Next Week.
THE Vote UP TO TODAY
Visit of the Grand Chancellor to
Lewistown Last Week-Lodge at
Roundup Is Installed.

The voting contest inaugurated by
the Knights of Pythias for the selec-
ton OF the queen of the great "White
Parade" on the evening of October
II, is now fairly under way and from
this time on until the polls close the
struggle will be spirited one. Thus
far the supporters of the young ladies'
have contented themselves with
getting their favorites nominated in
the race, but now the good natured
battle will be waged to win. The
vote, which is going to show some
astonishing changes and many sur
prises within a week, stands as fol-
lows today:
Mayme Cook, l6; Fannie Cook, IL:
Elsie Hobensack, 10; Anna Hoben-
sack, "a; Kate Tullock. "a; Minnie
Simpson, 49, Lulu Shufelt. Is; Kate
Reed, 80; Lucy Jackson, Utica, S:
Ella Woodwork, l3; Ethel Phillips.
s; Juanita Beatty, IL; Theo Dougher-
ty, z; Lena Connolly, 8; Alice Kinzel.
10; Florence Tubbs. 2; Celesta
Jamme, 4; Cleo Deaton. S.
District Convention.
The district convention of the
Knights of Pythias was held last
Thursday evening, and was made
notable by the presence of Grand
Chancellor Palmer, of Butte. who
came up here to meet the local MEM
bers of the order and talk over the
plans for the coming convention OF
the Pythian grand lodges to be held
here beginning Oct. II. Mr.. Palmer
was highly pleased with the arrange
Fergus County Democrat. [volume] (Lewistown, Mont.) 1904-1919, 1909-09-21
TO RECEIVE TAFT.
Local Men Are Appointed Members
of State Committee.


By request by wire from Helena
yesterday, State Fair Commissioner
n: ]. Littlejohn has appointed the
following gentlemen to serve on a
state committee that will receive
President Taft at Helena next Mon
day: ]. D. Waite, ]. E. Lane, A. w.
Stoddard, Mayor Samuel Phillips, w.
]. johnson, Gordon o. Shafer, B. C..
White, J. T. Wunderlin and George
w. Cook. It is understood that all
of those named will serve with Mr..
Littlejohn, and a large crowd will
leave here Sunday morning for the
capital city. The county commission
ers have been invited to meet with
the commissioners of the entire state
at Helena Monday, and the three
members of the board will probably
be there.
Fergus County Democrat. [volume] (Lewistown, Mont.) 1904-1919, 1909-09-21

perts from all over the country will
be at Billings, and Mr.. Stephens col
lection is such as will appeal especial
ly to them.
More Delay.
The light rain of Sunday night
again delayed operations in the har-
vest fields, and added little to the
damage to grain already done, which,
fortunately, is comparatively slight
thus far.
Taft at the Fair.
President Taft will be at the fair on
the afternoon of the opening day,
Monday, Sept. u, and a big crowd OF
Fergus county people will go down
to the capital city Monday next to be
there in time to help welcome the
president. A special stand is being
erected at the fair grounds for the
presidential party James J. Hill will
also be present on the opening day
and both will make addresses.
Fergus County Democrat. [volume] (Lewistown, Mont.) 1904-1919, 1909-09-21
Gov. Hughes After Gamblers.

New York, Sept. 18l-Assistant Dis
trict Attorney Elder of Brooklyn said
today that 20 additional warrants
against alleged bookmakers had been
obtained from County Judge Fawcett
today, and an attempt to serve them
will be made at the Gravesend race
track this afternoon. The men ar
rested at the Gravesend track yester-
day were arraigned today and held
for examination September u.
Fergus County Democrat. [volume] (Lewistown, Mont.) 1904-1919, 1909-09-21

excitement" said Mr.. Earling, "and
will spare no effort or expense in
bringing about the desired result,
which is to turn the tide Of immigra-
ton to this state"
Fergus County Democrat. [volume] (Lewistown, Mont.) 1904-1919, 1909-09-21
"Pop" Taylor in Town.

Ed Taylor, the Did time pitcher for
the Lewistown b'dl team, and who is
now located at Judith Gap, was in the
city Saturday. "Pop" is now a fixture
at the Gap, and he believes the new
burg is going to become one of the
biggest and best towns in this part
Of the state.
Fergus County Democrat. [volume] (Lewistown, Mont.) 1904-1919, 1909-09-21
: FIRST SNOW STORM.
Fall of the Beautiful Today-Storm
Is General.

The first snow storm of the season
began early this morning and the
beautiful is still coming down. From
reports received, the storm is general.
prevailing all over this section of The
county at least. It will greatly delay
harvesting operations.