davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington herald., 1909-04-13
PLAYING WITH A RAILROAD.
4 Timely Reminder of HarrimRn's
Way of Doing Things.

from kgerTbo.iy Naeazinf-
A Hartman market a STANDARD oil
market" and Morgan market-eaeh
differs from the others I'm important re-
spects. because Of different manipulative
tactics. Behind each one you would find.
Il you knew where 20 look for II. tre-
mendous battery Of telephones. A Hsrri-
man market is brilliant daring. prolific
OF Incidents. full Of the unexpected. and
often very dangerous Il was Hartman
market that collapsed so disastrously IN
the autumn OF 1906 when the rates for
the use Of money became prOhibitive. The
bull market which began in 1904. really
cuIrninated IN January Of 1876. when most
OF the big bun interests. including the
Morgan people. having held their positions
dOggedly through a money stringency IN
the preceding autumn which caused call
rates 20 reach 100 per cent. cleaned up
and stood from under The Hartman
group had a big coup IN view. and intend
ed, by the tremendous effect Of increas-
ing the Union Pacific dividend 20 10 per
cent and placing Southern Pacific com
mon on a dividend basis for the first time
in its history, 20 have control q the mar
ket during the summer and make the
beast howl Money had been very tight
IN The preceding autumn and would be
tighter IN the autumn 20 come. b',t rates
would he somewhat relaxed during the
summer. and. moreover. there WAS the
Union Pacific treasury 20 fal back upon
The Union Pacific company al that
time had an enormous cash fund. result
ing from the sale OF its holdings Of North
ern Pacific and Great Northern stocks.
and was lending sts cash balances on can
in Wall street-to AIr Hartman and his
associates. They believed tha- they had
provided against an contingencies. and so
they had-agailst al which could be fore
seen: but IN the spring came the San
Francisco disaster. which so upset things
that they were thrown back az least two
months in their plans. That made x i'm
possible for them 10 execute their cam
paign during the summer. as they had in
tended, and they were obliged 10 recast
Il. The risks were enormously increa ased
By having 20 carry i into the early aU-
tumn, when money would again become
very Jigbt They brought out their news
GEe Union Pacific anG Southern Pacific
dividends IN August, and carried prices
very high during the first fortnight OF
September. The consequences are his
tOric
The Washington herald., 1909-04-13
THE MOTHER TO HER SON.

Thy soul Is Ike a little bird
Beneath thy mothers hand. my boy.
The song God taught thee must be heard
Thou hast a night 10 free wild JOY;
Yet must she qnarer as she dreams
OF thy dark fight Ger gorges dark.
'Tis there the rock the ocean creams;
Those gone before are stiff and stark
And thy strong wings shall climb the wind.
Thy voice rsng oslt ia freedoms cry;
The loving hand that now doth blind
Thine eyes must lift and let thee fly.
But Oh. how sweet the warm bird thrills
As tendeTly the palm is pressed.
And Oh. how hard as o'er the hills
A cold wind comes to Iree that breast
That little breathing tender breast.
Beneath the mothers loving Eand:
Yet must she heed the swelling crest;
Her shadow shall not hide the land.
Her fingers strain beneath those wings
That beat 80 lusty 70 be free:
Her hard IS empty when he sings
A distant speck across the sea.
All. bird. be nitifGl and panse
Ere quite INTO Gods man you grow.
Fly low. hy low. Just once because
Her hands are empty a. you 50.
Caroline Wood Morrison, in Lippincou {
The Washington herald., 1909-04-13
OVERDOSE OF HOLIDAYS.
Pennsylvania Takes the Lead with
an Even Dozen

From the Springfield Republican
Pennsylvania is 70 have a new holiday
appareatly-the legislature having passed
a bin making October y. or Columbus
Day. a legal dies non. Presumably the
/ governor will sign it. although there has
been some protest against the measure.
This VIII probably put Pennsylvania in
the lead among the States in number OF
holidays. for It not only observes as such
WaShington's Birthday, Memorial Day,
Fourth Of July Labor Day. and Thanks
giving Day and Christmas. but Lincoln's
Birthday, Good Friday, and New Year.
Counting IN election days. the Philadel-
phia Public Ledger finds that with CO.
! lumbus Day the State viii have twelve
fun holidays. which, along with hfty-two
! Sundays and the Saturday half holiday.
! make up total Of ninety days. or about
( one-fourth OF the year.
Americans are commonly referred to as
a people giving too much time TO work
and too little time TO play and recreation.
We are TO consider in this connection not
only the Increase in the number OF hOh-
days. but the general tendency toward a
! reduction OF hours In the days that re-
main for work. From the old order Of
ten to twelve hours for the workday IN
mechanical employments we have gone 10
an average probably of not over nine
hours. and to eight hours in some lines
OF industry. The eight-hour day seems
/ likely 10 become general. and then we
shall doubtless face a movement for
seven hours. But as il Is. in a State Ike
Pennsylvania. with fourth OF the time
given to rest days. and only about q third
OF the remaining time devoted 20 work.
we have about three-fourth OF the year
taken UP in sleep. idleness, and nonpro-
ductive occupations.
We have holidays enough. To 90 on
adding to the number will bring US down
TO the demoralizing level of the Middle
Ages, when nearly every day was some
sort Of an observance day. and human
progress came to halt. and q repression
in practically ali directions. Under proper
| economic adjustments there is more than
work enough for all. and no line can be
drawn where men may stop and say they
have reached the limit Of possibility in
| material progress.
The Washington herald., 1909-04-13
Mr Wickersham,s New Policy.

Attorney General Wickevsham has
written a letter 10 Morris * Co. q Chi
cago packing firm. and one Of the
members Of the so-called beef trust. call
ing their attention to the practice OF
overvaIuing beef products for The pur-
pose Of collecting damages thereon from
the railroads in the case Of injury or de-
struction. Other members of the trust
indulge in this practice. which is Of lou=
standing Il is. however, disapproved
6y the Department Of Justice. and tho
Attorney General declares that it must
be abandoned at once He asserts that
j, Is unfair TO the railroads and cannot
be defended from any point OF view. II
may be used as a subterfuge to accom-
pHsh rebating by indirecuon. though the
Attorney General does not think that il
is being Intentionally 50 employed. New
ertheless the department cannot concede
the Iawfulness Of the practice. Whether
il Is In contravention of the interstate
commerce act the department does not
attempt to determine. nor does the de-
partment conceive that the public inter
ests would be subserved by a test Of the
law through prosecution. 'The one
important thing." says the Attorney
General rs that It Cthe practice Of over
valuation shall not be continued" The
government therefore insists that it be
given up. Finally, the Attorney General
says that he has suggested to the com
merce commission the making Of an or
DER regulating claims for damage against
the railroads.
This letter is heralded abroad as a sig
nihcant revelation Of the new methods
to be adopted by the administration in
dealing with infractions Of Federal law af-
fecting commercial morality. and as such
il deserves careful consideration. In the
first place may be noted the very char
table assumption that a member Of the
beef trust is innocentIy engaged in a
practice the department cannot concede
TO be lawful. The members of this trust
dIG Oiu oAtultlS III tilc lldlNci u IGndl-
ing. They are under injunction at the
present moment 10 obey the law. They
are. or have been. under indictment for
violation of the Sherman law, and the
Last administration did its best 10 put
some OF the persons connected with the
trust into prison. To this capitaIistic
combination of ola offandere the Affor-
ney General now attempts to apply NOR
al suasion. He warns them TO desist
from evil-doing. to repent them OF their
wicked ways. Now. It is possible that
this method may be successful It was
tried once by the commerce commission.
with beautiful success-temporarily IN
fact. various ways Of stopping rebating
have been tried-suasion. Injunction. and
criminal prosecuuon-and here is an old
offender at it again. II Mr.. wickersham
The Washington herald., 1909-04-13
EARLY AMERICAN SALARIES.
Half "A Century Ago SIC a Week Was
Good Pay for an Actor.

AlE-1uon Iassn. n The HOokman-
In America salaries al the early New
York theaters were extremely small II
often happened that Junius Brutus Booth
father OF Edwin-was not 70 be found
in his dressing-room when the curtain
was about 10 De rung Up. but the man
agement knew just where 70 look for
him He would be discovered al a neigh
boring saloon. fl pawn for 50 cents worth
OF ale. sitting unconcernedIy a. a table.
with the check in his hat. waiting 20 be
redeemed But II the salaries were small
50 were the prsces OF admission. one
shilling. y - cents let you IN 10 the
gallery or the Tit; and 4 you cd not have
the shilling the mercerary 1-anagement
forced you 70 pay 13 cents. So the BOYS
got the habit CT changing their money at
lsh woman on the corner. who. for
IS cents. obugingiy gave them a shilling
and g pigs foot. they Lan6eC IN me shII-
ling az the door. and during he course OF
the evening presented the weIl-picked
bone 70 the management by way OF some
unfortunate in the PIX or on the stage.
When Mrs. John Drew first came 10
America she and her mother received be-
tween them Sl6 a week. and wears after
ward, In ls5a Mr. and Mrs. Gilbert al
ready well established in England. got
precisely the same amount Tor their Joint
salary. But as the actor had TO social
position then. and no m1nage- expected
him 20 cut a dash. one could board very
comfortably for s. a Vreek- The season.
too. was practically all The wear vita
perhaps one months vacation ln July or
August. These long seasons continued
al through Jna old stock DAYS buI they
began steadily 70 diminish under the
travelling system Even In the SOS actors
we're complaining that The gOOC old forty
weeks season was a thing o. the past.
and at present twenty we ks IS cons lered
a fairly long season for the average
show. with TWO. and sometimes three
~slf-salaried weeks AZ that
The Washington herald., 1909-04-13
BupGErARY REFORM.
Mr. COrteIyOu's Suggestions EIab-
GRATED and ExPOunded-

George B. Cortelyou. IN North American ReTiev.
II win bs greatly TO the advantage Of
any system II supervising power is es-
tablished. with the authority and respon-
sibiiity 10 consider. as a whole. and 70
compare and adjust. the revenues and ap-
preparations The Secretary OF the Treas
ury is given authority 10 transmit 10 the
Congress the yearly estimates Of revenue
and expenditure: but ne is not authorized
by existing law 10 reduce these estimates
so as 70 make them conform 10 the re-
eeip;s. Neither IS any committee Of Con-
gress charged with responsibility 10 COM
pare and coordinate the appropriations
FOR the different branches Of the public
service, in order 10 distribute equitabiy
such reductions or increases as may be
warranted by the condition Of the reve-
nue.
There are several independent com
mittees Of Congress handling colossal ap-
priation bills without reference 10 the
Committee on Appropriations. IN Itself
this may be beneficial and desirable; but
with each applicant public and private.
anxious 20 obtain the largest possible ap-
prOpriatiOn, with each committee acting
without particular reference 70 general
conditions. with no authority for a super
vision Of the whole. there must result IN
uneven distribution. with the constant
probability Of an increasingly large deficit
IN the end.
II would, perhaps, be competent for
Congress to vest in a joint committee the
power OF revising all appropriation bills.
with a view 20 distributing necessary re-
ductions or available increases according
10 the relative Importance Of the objects
for which the appropriations are sought
Il would certainly seem that some COM
mittee should De charged with the direct
responsibility OF keeping the expenditures
Of each year approximately within the
revenues OF the year. or H. in specific
cases this could not be done without
Gripping branches Of the public service.
Of authorizing the issue Of shOrt-term OBJ
legations 70 bridge over the deficit OF lean
years. BY such a committee many need
less and wasteful expenditures might be
checked. deficits avoided. and any surplus
diverted 90 the most necessary and ben
efcial purposes.
For example. In the matter Of public
buildings Representatives from all over
the country are naturally anxious 70 Sc
cure the largest possible appropriations
for their districts. letting economy rest
with some one else. A great mass CT such
bills Is annually poured IN upon the Treas
ury Department In many instances the
buildings authorized are found Unneces-
sary for the public business and such as
could well be postponed for several years
al least But the Secretary Of the Treas
cry has no voice IN the matter. Without
regard 10 the prospect Of a grave dehcit.
he is obliged 70 proceed with the purchase
OF sites and the construction OF the build
fnzs ordered
The Washington herald., 1909-04-13
Senator AIdrich's Tariff Bill

The tariff bin gets a little better as il
goes along, yet if the changes made in
TIE Payne bin represent Mr.. Aldrich's
conception Of a downward revision. the
Senator from Rhode Island has not
grasped the popular notion Of what such
a revision should be Most Of the down
ward revision in the Aldrich bin is sim
p a restoration Of those Dingley rates
which were boosted in the Payne bill 10
unreasonable heights. Thus the hosiery
and glove schedules are reduced 10 the
Dingley rates. cocoa is put back on the
free list and so on. on the other hand.
the cotton joker. killed in the House.
makes its appearance; the House re-
ductions in the woolen schedules. are cut
out, the lumber duty remains at an un-
satisfactory figure. and, with one excep-
ton. the free raw materials provided for
in the Payne bin are left in uncertainty.
Thus the consumer has been tenderIy
cared for by our tariff revisers chiefly
by knocking out duties they themselves
proposed TO add TO those now in effect.
1t is a form Of reduction that hasn't
much substance. though it is a marked
concession 10 public opinion.
Senator AIdrich's statement that the
reductions in his bill are three times as
many as the increases, and that the rates
are in the main lower than those Of the
Payne bin. may be perfectly true and yet
mean very little from the consumers s
standpoint. II was predicted that the
Aldrich bin would be actually a higher
protective measure than either the Ding
ley or the Payne bills. II was said that
it would reduce rates on a number Of
commodities where protection is not need
ed and increase them on others that are
freely imported. thus casting a heavier
burden on the community. In other
words. 1t would both increase taxation
and increase the revenues. From a cur
sory examination Of Senator Aldrich's
account of the changes made in the
Payne bin we judge that this prediction
is. IN part. at least. verified. In fact.
the principle upon which the revision
has been conducted in both Senate and
House committees appears to be that OF
giving all the protection possible while
conceding something in the way OF
raw materials 20 certain lines OF manu-
facture. It is quite possible on this prin-
ciple TO make up a highly protective
measure that viii be in certain sense
a revision downward. This is what our
tariff revisers have done so far.
Still. we suppose the country may be
congratulated that we are not TO be
taxed on tea. coffee. and cocoa, and that
additional taxes are not to be levied
on hosiery and gloves, even though We
may be taxed higher on cotton goods ana
some other articles Of necessity. But IS
our escape from these taxes-taxes made
impossible by public protest-to be con-
sidered a real downward revision Of the
DingIey duties?
The Washington herald., 1909-04-13
A Naval Defect

It viii be a serious matter. indeed. if
the comparative runs of the three scout
cruisers lead to any such dislodg-
ment from naval preference as appears to
threaten the L. s. s North Dakota.
That ship will be propelled by the Curtis
type Of turbine. while the sister ship.
the Delaware, identical IN all other re-
spects. will carry as motive power the
ordinary reciprocating engines. Accord
Ing 70 the estimates Of the experts. the
turbine should have its advantages, but
this situation Is not realized by the sta
tistics so far furnished by the compara-
tive runs Of the three new scout cruisers.
one Of which. the Salem. is equipped with
the Curtis turbine. It is found that the
consumption Of coal by the Salem at "a
rious degrees Of speed up to and includ-
ing twenty knots is excessive. On a
ten-knot basis. for instance, the Salem
burned 50 per cent, more coal than the
sister ship. Birmingham. with its recip-
rocating engines: and on this basis alone
AllI ANtA III tdhbtd NDulN not De dDle 10
make more than one-half the distance
trayersed by the Delaware at the same
rate Of speed on the full capacity Of the
coal bunkers
1t looks like a very serious defect. and
constitutes a handicap for the North Da-
kota. which viii require that the vessel
be left behind on any occasion requiring
n considerable cruise between the points
o. the rePlenishment OF fuel It is now
recalled that warning Of this very de-
feet was given to the naval authorities
at the time the Navy Department had IN
der consideration the plans for the ma
chinery OF the Delaware and North Da-
kota- The Curtis turbine was adopted for
tho North Dakota. as a matter Of, fact,
before the Navy Department possessed a
full knowledge Of the consumption Of coal
with that type OF motive power.
The Washington herald., 1909-04-13
Preferred Position.
From PiG


Advertiser don't like tie position OF
my al. in this mornings paper. and 1
want something better. OF I'll quit you
Business Manager-Great Scott. man.
what do YOU want? Your contract calls
for position next 70 OF following live
reading matter" and we put you right
up against that 100000 Third ward fire
story. [ don't see
Advertiser-Well that may be your idea:
but I want only the best the very best.
you understand, Now. why didn't YOU
give me a place alongside that story
about those two monographs Roosevelt
is carrying TO Africa with him? That
would have be-
business Manager-Next that Roosevelt
story?-hell. Ali that space has been
contracted for up 10 and including MAY
"a. 1923. now-and that's as far ahead
as we care 20 go
The Washington herald., 1909-04-13
Protecting the Forest.

Froz. the Philadelphia Record
It is said officially that locomotives do
not set 80 or even 70 per cent OF the for
est fires. but they do set about 60 per
cent OF them, and the Forestry Commits
sion in New York has notified the rail-
roads that traverse the AdirOndacks that
from April to November they must use
oii-burning locomotives It was found
that the expense OF electricity would be
prohibitOry. and the use of oil will add
about $4,000 a year 10 the expenses OF
the railroads. Forest fires. however. are
a pretty serious menace 10 life and prop
ertv. and the railroads will have no
ground Of complaint IL the States shall
take adequate measures for preventing
the other 20 per cent of them.
The Washington herald., 1909-04-13
Jeans for Little joe"

Down In Georgia. where. since Little
Joe" Browns election 20 the governor
ship. the wicked have ceased from
troubling and the weary are at rest. they
are getting ready for the Inauguration.
This interesting event is scheduled for
the gladsome June time, aud it is going
to be the most strenuously simple change
in administration known to the history
of that grand old State.
Little Joe" Brown is the gentleman,
you know, who recently suppressed the
biggest noise Crackerland ever Heard
He gumshoed his way from modest in
.conspicuousness 10 the executive mansion
in Peachtree street. in Atlanta and that.
TOO, long before the lease Of the Hon.
Hoke Smith thereon was supposed 20 be
marked for finish. Mr.. Brown is
veritable Hercules of shrinking self
effacement. II there is anything IN this
world ne hates more than he hates os-
tentation and show. he has forgotten
what il is. and does not want TO re-
member A silk hat invariably gives
him the shivers, and "a Prince Albert
coat knows no abiding place in his
sartorial philosophy. Mr. Brown is the
champion unpretty man in all Dixie and
glories in it--always and ever. however.
with repressed emotion. and after his
own quiet fashion
Wherefore. we marvel nos 20 learn that
Little Joe" is to be sworn in. dressed
in Georgia jeans. made in a Georgia
factory. owned and managed by a
Georgian 70 the manner born. There ls
to be no footing of horns or beating OF
tom-toms at this Inauguration. The
grand. glittering. and gorgeous military
display of the other days is to be con
spicuous by its absence. Nowhere is the
demon Of predatory wealth and plutocrat-
ic audacity TO rear its horned head or
display its cloven hoof. The governor
elect proposes TO ride 70 the capitol not
IN an automobile or behind prancing and
caparisoned steeds. but on a plebeian
street car, and, we suspect, hanging TO
a strap. As 10 the ceremony Of taking
the oath OF Office. any handy justice OF
the peace viii do for that. just so ne
makes a quick job OF it. and permits
the new governor 10 get busy govern
ing without any fussing, fuming. fret
ting. or strutting What more fitting
array for this severely democratic occa-
sion than a suit Of home made jeans?
II is a mastery idea born Of a mastery
mind; a conception such as is permitted
only 20 those few rare souls of this
world who are able to discriminate un-
erringly in respect OF the eternal ht-
ness Of things.
Oh, you Little Joer' No wonder you
are governor-elect Of Georgia. You may
not be weighted down with medals won in
beauty contests. but you have way
with you, Our hat is of TO you. and
into the governorship you will carry our
very best wishes along with those Of
your immediate neighbors and friends.
In his scheme to break the solid
South Mr.. Julian Harris. Of Uncle
Bemus' the Home Magazine, has secured
the cooperative opposition Of ex-Gov.
Vardaman. That ought to help some.
The Washington herald., 1909-04-13

1t is our painful duty TO disillusionize
certain esteemed contemporaries. Moo
ley" the benign, beautiful and altogeth-
er lovely White House COW. has not yet
chewed up all the grass on the White
House lawn. In fact. 'Mooley' is not
permitted to graze on the aforesaid lawn.
and never has been. She is a modest
back-lOt cow
The Washington herald., 1909-04-13
TariR LOg-rOIIinE.

I frofn tse Unlo sac Journai.
Every one who knows anything Of public
legislation knows that a tariff law is
something that nobody agrees to IN its
entirety. It is made up OF infinite trading.
and everybody has got to get something
out Of the trade, or II will not carry.
And then. If we have a tariff law al all.
somebody has got TO give up his own
notions. and 70 In for the combination.
This is the consideration. no doubt. that
kept the lumber duty in the bill. still. It
is a consideration whose control might
well be challenged
The Washington herald., 1909-04-13
A LITTLE NONSENSE.


Says the crocus: I've a chill
Hear me wheezeE 2
Says the sprightiy dafodil:
Il shall freeze
Says the aspen as X quakes
In the void;
Truly April queer turns takes
Spring IS cold
All the inmates OF the woods
Say that spring
Has some most capriclous MOODS
Pcevish thing!
In the general alarm
Each Concurs,
And the only thing that's warm
Is the furze.
The Washington herald., 1909-04-13

in the House Of Representatives for that
section. II that poor old joke IS the only
thing standing between Mr. Taft and the
SoutA's affections. Dixie is his already,
and it is ali over but the shouting.
The Washington herald., 1909-04-13
The DeIuge.

What do you do, inquired the new
when a constituent insists
on writing you letters asking embarrass-
Ing questions about various matters2''
Il write him four or hve letters
week in reply" answered the old Con-
gressman. ''and keep this up until he gets
tired OF answering them.