davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1909-02-21
Site, Foundation and Cellar
Considered First.
CHAPTER !.

Every ybody who has ever heard CT it wants q bun
galow. This style of dwelling, imported from India,
is the ideal summer home. and is sometimes pre-
ferred for all the year residence. II is outdoor
fat, with all the convenience of life on the level.
It is always cool and cosey Love a cottage fades
away before the possibilities of amorous four
room structure. surrounded with ample verandas
and no space for servants visitors And the cost
IS lower than that of any other kind of building
A bungalow for two has been built low $500
OF course there fortyroom structures that cost
as much as $1,000
What is bungalow? It is typicaly a story
building with low. angled roof, much veranda
space and the interior space not cut up into cubby-
holes but used for few generous apartments. An
exceptional story and 4 half may be admitted into
the class
The West has taken up the bungalow with enttu-
siasm. and has adopted 1t not only for summer
habitation but for permanent suburban or town
residence The climate of the Pacific Coast and the
Southwest especially favorable to the type all the
year round. Fasteners are beginning TO appreci-
ate the structure. and some New Workers. wearied
of the skyscraper iiea are even planning bunga-
lows to perch the rock sites of The Bronx. II
is argued that Onestory building is too easily en-
tered TO become popular in the burglarious East
The answer is made that any sort OF cottage
house is not inpcrvious 10 the skilled breaker
There are dogs and alarms for apprehensfve own
The first thing TO be considered by the person
who would build a bungalow is the amount of
money he wishes to spend. The minimum OF
cheapness is in tho neghborhood of $1oo0-exclud-
ing those cases where the owner plays work
rnan-and this provides merely for a summer cTell-
ing 4 suitable home for all seasons Will cost be-
tween 5000 and 5000 The expense OF land VIII
vary from $50 for site in the remote woods 10
500 fer good location in the suburbs or in semi
fashionable summer colony. There are two inpor-
tant points n selecting location-area and eleva-
ton A bungalow needs plenty of space around It
an acre Of ground il possible It needs TO be set
on a height rather than In hollow or depression
where il will look like pancake, as II b. Up
John bungalow architect. expressed II. cosey
and perhaps pert dominance OF the landscape is the
effect 10 be desired Large trees and rocks tend to
dwarf the small structure while low shrubbery ard
winding walks make suitable setting giant
oak might be endured by way Of strong contrast
but not an ordinary sized tree If set in street
the building should be far back and upon the high
est level.
The man who loves gardening viii eVoid rocky
hill site compact CT stones and clay; he VIII per-
hans sacrifice architectural advantages and scenery
20 gain good vegetable patch. = sandy loam soil
Is the easiest for gardening. but it is likely to
dry out !n time OF Grolth. OF course. the most
New-York tribune., 1909-02-21

Contrary TO popular supposition, water does not
generally spout forth from artesan wells; it must
be pumped out by windmill! or an engine or some
sort a second hand hot air pump may be bought
for $50 Sometimes a hydraulic ram is used TO OBJ
tain water from a mountain brook This is an IN
eenious automatic device that uses the pressure
of the current to propel stream of water uphill;
nine connects with tanR in the attic of the house
or BUNGALOW The apparatus costs under SlOO 10
install and rarely needs further attention. The
harnessed brook does all the work, and there Is no
evpense for fuel fabrication. However the water
supply is obtained it is best conduct 1t 10 an
attic tank for distribution to bathroom, kitchen
and wherever else it may be desired. steel tank
tern is used for the storage OF water for non
drinking purposes.
Sanitary arrangements involve digging. and there
fore it makes a considerable difference whether the
site is on easy difficult ground The rural meth
DDS of solving the sanitary problem should be dis
connecting with the waste pipes Of the house, Will
cost about $50. The cost may be reduced by using
stones found in the vicinity Care must be taken to
the cesspool in such position that II cannot
possibly contamnate the water supply A dry soil
is needed for the operation Of cesspooL The most
scientific system of sewage disposal IS the olooglcaI
process whereby all solid matter is lquened and the
bacteria Of decay mutually destroy one another a
ferlnenting tank and a .'nitricaton duct" are the
main features Of the apparatus Any surplus liquid
not absorbed by the soil is found to be almost chen
New-York tribune., 1909-02-21
THE YEAR oE rHE COCK

In China and Japan the year 1sds iS-''the year OF
the cock II is regarded q lucky year and -
symboiized by cock sitting drum. In states
manshp and literature this is called The drum OF
renOnstrance. Formerly such a drum to be
found in China in front Of the imperial palace to be
struck BY official in charge whenever a letter
of remOn5trance was offered to the sovereign This
practice is said TO have originated with Emperor
Yau. a benevolent ruler, who reigned from Z257 70
2255 B. C.. His reign and that OF Emperor Shun.
who succeeded him, constitute golden age OF
China.
In Chinese poem dealing with the reigns %
EmperOrs Yau and Shun II + said. "Yau set I'd a
drum for the sake Of remOnstrauce. Shun planted
a to learn the faults OF the administration
The whip for punishment has decaysd and firefiies
fy away the drum OF reIlOlstranee is covered with
moss and the cock is not alarmed" II IS common
TO say OF a period OF good rule IN China or JaDan:
The drum OF reEOnstrance is covered with mess
Pictoriaily the same idea is expressed BY making
the drum a perch for a cock.
1t IS believed by the Japanese that the cock has
five virtues. His comb represents civilization and
his strong feet denote military power When he
meets an enemy he fights WELL thus deIOuStra tin z
courage When he finds food he calls friends.
thereby showing himself kind and helpful Hs
GairkSrl.-CEaaA<n Ns-
New-York tribune., 1909-02-21

when the Hon found he was too late he started
to limp back the thicsst; but by this time had
seized the carbIne from Mahina. and the first shot
fired from 1t seemed to give him his quietus, for
he fell over and lay motonless. Rather foolishly
at once. scrambled down from the tree and walked
up toward him. To my surprise and little
alarm he Jumped up and attempted another charge.
This time, however. a Martini bullet in the chest
and another IN head finished him for good
and all; he dropped in his tracks not five yards
away from me. and died gamely, biting savagely
at a branch which had fallen to the ground"
And passed the second and last Of the man
eating lions of Tsavo, who between them had de-
voured less than twenty-eight Indian coolies
and scores Of African natives Of whom no record
was kept. The last of tho bTutes killed
measured feet inches from the tip OF the nose to
the tip OF the tall and stood feet l1z inches high
Six bullet holes found In the animals body,
and imbedded in its back the slug fired by
Colonel Patterson from the scafolding ten days be-
fore. Colonel Patterson could hardly restrain the
natives from tearing the body into pieces. The
ports of his prowess and skill hunter spread
for miles throughout the countryside and from far
up and down the line OF the railroad the natives
came to see his fears0me trophies and gaze in awe
at the devil killer" they called him
Colonel Patterson finished his work on the rail-
road and returned to England in April OF 1900
Before leaving Africa he did much hunting. and
killed many other lions.
New-York tribune., 1909-02-21
HARD LOT OF POOR BOYS.

Put the cases OF the boys who fall in the strug@
gle between too great luxury and too much study
are not to be compared IN tragedy to the little
children Of the poor who must work during their
schooling Many Of them must shove their shoul-
ders under the family burden at the age OF ten or
eleven and everywhere you go doors are opened
for you beer brought to you, your dinner dishes
are cleared away by pale faced little chaps. with
serious eyes and heads bent forward. who must
work and study, too
No one Is legally finished with his schooling till
he IS sixteen But between thirteen and sixteen he
can give I'D regular studying and attend classes
at certain hours or Wednesday or Saturday. and IN
some places on Sunday For this he must be ex-
cused from duty by his employers The NUMBER OF
suicides among these children is considerable They
are harassed by having too much that is serious On
their minds, and they become mOrose- They are.
moreover. incredibly sensitive 70 punishment very
often there is no other for their seek
ing death than that they have feared the disgrace
Of being punished Yet their Overseers are not
harsh with them as rule and 1t is hard 10 account
for the broken spirits OF the little folks in any
other way than this: There is too much self-con-
troll demanded CT them, and they are expected to
enter into full living at too early an age
Others say that a lack Of religious afhliation Il
somehow responsible for the leaning toward sui
eide The children are. many of them. brought up
to believe IN nothing. and they therefore have no
moral scruples to act as a balance
But such excuses as these. though they may
have a slight bearing the subject sound as
though they might have originated with some OF
the people whose profit lies In overwOrking chill
dren-
It seems hardly credible that children would
drift to the pistol and the stream through lack OF
religion II is in fact. great deal more probaels
that, as they iuitators IN many things. are
they this. and that It is largely through tnita-
ton that they destroy themselves; not primarily
imitation OF another. but OF their parents A
glance at statistics will usually reveal the fact
that the percentage children suicides Is great
small IN proportion 20 the percentage Of adult sui
cides. In Germany there Is tremendous roll of
self-destroyers every year and also IN France and
both countries the number OF children fol-
lowing the same path is great It IS a curious
phase for people who fond OF comfort and
OF taking of themselves the Germans; but
# is evidently the inevitable inconsistency Ths<s
always be at least one
II one takes this force OF example in connectiOd
with the widespread Overworking OF children. Il
looks ike a reasonable explanation A child who
Is Overdriven with labor seeks escape. and he
finally takes whatever road is frequently suE-
gested him.
New-York tribune., 1909-02-21

stubborn soil may be converted to garden purposes
b,, the expenditure of sufficient labor. \ few cart
loads of rich earth spread rocky land will cause
flowers and ornamental shrubs to flourish
If the bungalow is to be permanent residence
II will REQUIRE a cellar to keep the interior warm
and dry in winter. 1t is easy to understand that
the normal cost Of excavating may be multiplied
several times II the site is rocky. A bowlder that
reouires blasting will soo run into money" The
summer dwelling place does not need cellar; it is
sufficient to have a ceIlarette board walled
space under the kitchen. for keeping provisions
cool The cost of excavating and walling a very
moderate sized cellar win be from S5 upward
Water supply and sanitation are points inti-
n1atey connected with location There is no trouble
when the site is within the limits OF public i'm
provements. Beyond the zone Of water mains ana
sewers the home owner must beware OF getting into
a fix It may be considered lark TO get drinking
water from a spring just for few summer months
and primitive sanitary arrangements may serve
ir the wiIderness, but a steady home must have
ueranent improvements. Well digging IN rocky
ground is likely be costly After SO or 500 has
been sunk in the ground the guarantee OF
rural magician with a wand. there may be not
drop OF water to drink. Artesian wells have been
put down several hundred feet in hilly country
without results. Fortunate is the owner who can
tan spring or finds well ready aug, ar locates
in a section OF Long Island where pipe driyen
fifteen feet in the earth yields plentiful fresh water
although tie salt ocean is only few yards dis
tant.
New-York tribune., 1909-02-21
THE MAN-EATING
LIONS OF TSAV0
HOW THEY BLOCKED RAIL
ROAD YORK.
Killed and 44te Coolies and Scores of
Mattress Before British Engi-
neer Bagged Them.

--1en Theodore Roosevelt leaves Mombasa on
.ba East Coast Of Africa in April. and with the
-ssearch party at the head Of which he is TO pene
rate the African wids proceeds along the Uganda
zasOuay 20 Lake Victoria Nyanza, he must pass
re- al a place called Tsavo. about one hundred
end thirty-ive miles inland, & bridge spanning the
t,rbulent Tsayo River. Many other such bridges,
many Of them far more pretentious than that at
7'ssvo viii probably be passed by the party
before the end Of the long trip has been reached,
hut the bridge a Tsavo must awaken more than
Y,ouaenta-y interest the mind of Mr. Roosevelt,
6or 4 VIII serve to recall 10 him vividly true
storv of lion hunting OF which, when he first heard
IT. the President wrote to F c. Selous, the famous
African hunter: I think the incident OF the Uganda
T,sn-eating lions described in those two articles
YOU sent is the most remarkable account of
which We have any record"
Possibly the research party viii stop at Tsavo.
and then Mr. Roosevelt who has declared his in
tention of bagging a few lions before returning
70 the United States may hear again, this time
from the lips the natives themselves the story
Of the killing of the man-eating lions OF Tsavo,
the lions that in addition TO killing scores of men.
actually forced the temporary abandonment Of
construction work on the Uganda Railroad in 1898
and viii probably go on record as the only lions
ever recognized g. factor In government un-
5ertaking by the British House OF Lords; for Lord
Salisbury. then Prime Minister, reporting to that
body on the progress of the road, stated that the
work was blocked for three weeks because or the
slaughter Of workmen by Tasn-eating lions
Hunters OF experience have said that the story
OF the depredations, the stalking and the hna4
killing Of the lions OF Tsavo must have place OF
prominence in all accounts of lion hunting, II for
no other reason thar that it illustrates nothing
else has done the almost human resourcefulness.
the devilish cunning, the absolute contempt for
man and his engines Of death possessed by the
rnsn-eating lion. Once he has feasted on human
fash and drunk human blood nothing else will
satisfy his hunger Bullocks, goats, the fattest
COWS the plunpest calves-aIl are dsregarded for
the meal OF human flesh: and IN the lions deter
raination TO get petty devices for his own
-uroiection count for little
In Africa facing and fighting the man-eating lion
has long been counted the supreme test Of cour-
age and Lieutenant Colonel J. H Patterson, an
English army engineer. who practically single
handed rid the Tsavo district Of its pests and
raised the blockade of the Uganda Railroad, has
been receiving the praises Of hunters geneTalIy
;rca tFe recent publication Of his modest account
NJ the achievement in THE Worlds Work. maya
New-York tribune., 1909-02-21
LIONS WIN FIRST ENCOUNTER

Once more the hospital was moved. and the fol-
lowing nigh: Colonel Patterson and Dr. Brock the
physician in medical charge Of the district. sta
TONED themselves IN a covered wagon near the
abandoned tnclos1re within which couple or tents
had been left standing end few cattle tied Up as
halt After a long wait q twig snapped and oul
thud reached fhe ears OF the watchers, as II some
large animal had jumped the bona The cattle
moved about uaeasily. but in the inky backness
no form, could be distnz zuished- Colonel Patterson
who was fer getting out of the wagon. probably
owes his lie to Dr. Brock. who dissuaded him. for
the door Of the bona had been improperly fastened
ana while the watchers were waiting to hear the
lion eraR one OF the cattle through the fence. the
bezst Hss outside the Enclosure stealthy stalking
them Had they failed 10 detect the dark OBJECT
"a the bush an instant later one or the other OF
them perhaps both. would never have lived 10 ten
the tale.
These dep-edations OF the man-eaters were more
thnn coolie courage could stand and Colonel Pat
.erson was hardly surprised when, on his return
from stzl.Z.ua, the Hons he learned that all tie men
had QUIT work After they had declared 10 MIN
thct they had contracted with the government 70
build railroad and not furnish food for lions
81 .esyux,s they stopped the nrst train ss1 bS
New-York tribune., 1909-02-21

An elderly patient in the Tennessee mountain re-
glon was suffering from q maady the remedy for
which the doctor prescribed in the form OF capsules
The old trusted her medical adviser, but for
medicine she evinced much suspicion. Some time
after she had taken the capsules She was asked
by her son how she felt. "Porely." Don't you
want nutnin eat?''- No Soon however, the
old woman from her bed and took her seat in
a rocking chair. Thinking that the attention would
be gratefully received the filled her pipe and,
taking live coal from the hearth. carried both to
his mother. Take that away, sOn.' yelled the old
womaI, in the utmost fright. Don't you know
better'I to come when I've got them cart
ridges in me?'-Kansas City Star.
New-York tribune., 1909-02-21
"sTUPIDITY OF INSTITUTIONS. -

Dr. Gurlitt summarizes his book on school chill
dren suicides this brief closing sentences
These young dis because Of the stupidity or
our institutions"
Many persons uphold this ruthless critic OF ths
schools. Most OF the newspapers do. many men or
note do and in addition. two more excep-
tionaI educational themselves. such as Pro
fessor Paul Forster, Rudolf Pannwttz and Berthold
Otto.
one OF the most discussed suicides, that OF Otto
Ernst. which lately called forth storm Of criti-
cism, was especially remarkable. because ths lad
himself left writings describing his reasons
taking himself out Of the conditions from which
there was. for him, other honorable escape he
said in effect that instead OF there being some al
Iowances made for individualisn in character and
temperament. every one in school was bent. broken
or crushed until he fitted in the model form
adopted as that Of the model boy by the scnooI
commission
OF course. there are many different versions ot
the school evil The most conservative element Is
represented by the opinions OF a German man OF
wide culture who received his education IN Ger
many and afterward taught In an American col
lege He says The suicides which are committed
by school children are due to Overburdening IN
posed upon them in the school Rather, they are
bad sign OF dilapdated nerves and lack OF strong
moral education
But where they get their diIapidated nerves is
not explained by this opinion
There Is another explanation when tAAeS IlS
blame OF the schools and accounts for the stuatoh
in the following way: The youngsters that 90 10
the Gymnasien members OF the better Ia1n.iis7'
and in these circles there is great amount OF so
ciaI activity The younger members or the 1arIlAy
are so far involved in this matter Of entertaining
and being entertained that they are compelleo %
lead the double life Of society and school which
many Americans who attend city colleges such as
Columbia, for instance. have led to their cost II
Is far too trying a combination for any constitu-
ton. much less that Of such extreme youth as at
ternpts It IN Germany.
New-York tribune., 1909-02-21
ONE MAN-EATER KILLED.

A bat flying through the night struck the watcher
in the back of the causing him TO almost tunl-
bic from the platform.
The involuntary start which I could not help
giving" said Colonel Patterson "was Immediately
answered by q sinister growl from below. Afte.
this again kept still could. though abso-
lutely trembling with excitement and in a short
while heard the lion begin to creep stealthily
toward could barely make out his form as
he crouched among the whitish underground; but
enough for my purpose, and before he could
come any nearer took careful aim and pulled the
trigger.
The sound Of the shot at once followed by
q terrific roar. and then 1 could hear him leaplng
about IN all directions I longer able
see him. however, his first bound had taken him
into the thick bush. but 10 make assurance doubly
sure kept blazing away in the direction in which
heard him plunging about. At length came a
series OF mighty q loans gradually subsiding into
deep sghs and finally ceasng altogether and I felt
convinced that of the devils who had long
harried would trouble no more"
The morning search revealed that this surmse
correct One OF the terrible lions Of Tsavo was
dead. In their JOY the natives prostrated them
selves before Colonel Patterson. addressed him as
blessed one savior danced and shouted
with Coy like children and bore him on their shoul-
ders about the lions body, which measured from
the tip OF the nose TO the tip OF the tail feet
inches. The brute stood feet inches high and
Il took eight to carry the body back camp
Then, when the rejoicing over, the grim work
of tracking down the other OF the two man-eaters
was taken up.
II not long after the death OF the first lion
before the second put in an appearance at In
New-York tribune., 1909-02-21
SUICIDE RATHER
THAN TEXTBOOKS
FATE OF $50 GERMAN
SCHOOL CHILDREN.
Couldn't Keep Up Pace Set by
Instructors, Who Require Study
Night and Day.
By Cecil /. Darrian.

The average person laughs at the idea Of
schoolboy having real troubles An American al
ways does, because it has become a saying with
that schooldays the happiest days of ones
life" But frequent rumOrs drifting across TO US
from the German Empire about tragic suicides OF
youngsters from ten and twelve years Of age TO
twenty make ask why? What is the matter
with them? Or is it with the schools?"
Scowling statistics cody say that between 1888
and 1890 nine hundred and fifty school children In
Germany took their lives IN despair. no longer
able to keep the pace. For there is such thing
as pace in Germany, and there is no one who
knows IL so we'll Che average high school boy
The schools in which the tremendous studying Is
done are called Gynnasien They equivalent TO
our grammar and high schools together. Boys are
entered at about years of age and remain there
until they are about twerty- The course is sup
posed to be nine years long, but the student must
count on taking than nine years to get
through because he must almost invariably repeat
one or two OF the classes. Very few are consid-
cred brilliant enough to be passed right along
from beginning to end. The aim OF the system Is
to mould the individuals on educational last ana
turn them out ali alike each one bearing the
stamp, Guaranteed: Made in Germany.
Fortunately this aim is not always accomplished
or Germans would not be interesting as they
are nor so human.
The ones who only a little while ago were turned
out from tfig mill do not feel by any means the
sama LOYALTY as the instructors.