davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Ogden standard. [volume] (Ogden City, Utah) 1902-1910, 1909-10-09

botanitt OF now fcxico Experiment Stations
After all that has been written con-
corning spinclcss cactus as a forage
plant IL would seem somewhat su-
periluous to call tho attention of stock
men TO the value OF the cacti upon
their ranges at this season of the year.
But the mental step between spiny
cactl and splneless ones seems to he
long one. and one that few take
readily.
quote from a bulletin by the bu-
reau OF plant industry, Tho PrIckly
Pear and Other Cacti as Food for
Stock" by DR.. David GrImths: "Prickly
pear. although poor in nutrltivc quail
ity. can be fed TO decided advantage
under several conditions and for sew
eral purposes: % To save cattle dur
Ing prolonged drought, when other more
nutritious food is scarce"
Now this statement applies 10 any
kind OF cactus that is big enough to
furnish any quantity of forage. being
especially true OF the prickly pears
and cane cacti. The truth OF this
statement is vouched for by many who
have tried IL
This is by no means the only use
for cacti. but at this season OF the year.
when all feed Is dry and there ls very
little of 1t, when the water supply Is
poorest, 1t would seem To be a most
important one.
The Ogden standard. [volume] (Ogden City, Utah) 1902-1910, 1909-10-09
THE PASTURE

The question of good pastures is onc
that is sorcly neglected by MANY forno-
ers. although there IS moro clear n-on,
and casy money comes from ,ho no.
turs than any other portion of tho farn,
Dairy cattle and other stock make the
most profit when they arc allowed the
run Of a good pasture
! know farmers who arc called usoi-
entihc' farmers whose farms havo no,
Increased enough In fertility durInc
twenty years to offset Tho amount oI
fertility that has been transferred hy
tho 1.-Two stock from the pasture land
to tho tillable lands.
These men point with pride to the
heaps OF manure which they hayo saved
by allowing the 1.-Two stock to run In IN,
pasture during the day and keepinp
thcm stabbed at night.
They actually believe that II Is sbor,
practice TO skin their pasture land
and mako a fetish of their beans .,
manure.
This practice might be allowable 1,
provision were made To Iertillzo ,h5
pasture. or If the live stock was fed
supplementary foods,
The Ogden standard. [volume] (Ogden City, Utah) 1902-1910, 1909-10-09
ADVANTAGES OF S/LAGE
EXPERIMENTS HAVE DEMONSTRATED THAT IN ORDINARY SEASONS FELL
OF CORN CONVERTED INTO SNAGE WILL YIELD s33 PER ACRE.

talns about $50 pounds of digestible
dry matter, while eight tons of silage
contain $500 pounds OF dry matter.
This one point OF the economical stor-
age of the corn crop. when put up In
the form of silago. Is worthy of atten-
ton where large number OF animals
are fed.
The cost OF handling the corn crop in
the form of silase is less than when
any other method is used One of the
leading Wisconsin farmers reports that
II cost him 30 10 90 cents per ton. or
81 per acre, to put his corn crop into
the silo. The same area of corn would
yield about $50 baskets, which would
cost him SIS for husklng. while the cost
OF cutting. stacking. shreddlng and
grinding would be about double what IL
costs 10 put the same crop into tho
silo
Tho advantages of feeding sIlagc dur
ING periods OF drought is fully appro-
ciated by those who have tried IL. Dur
Ing the latter part OF last summer
Wisconsin suffered a severe drought.
and corn siage WAS fed Ia tho uni
versity dairy herd. The flow OF milk
was never kept up so we'll during the
summer as 1t was by the use of this
The Ogden standard. [volume] (Ogden City, Utah) 1902-1910, 1909-10-09
MANURIAL VALUE OF FEEDS

The manurIal value of the various
teedstuffS used on the farm is an
important consideration to every one
Sho is interested In economical farm
management
Ii is no longer the only question with
,hc farmer who feeds animals Just
low much he may expect TO get in
Increased value OF the animal for his
iced. but he also wants to know ap-
,roximately what the manurial value
81 the feed consumed viii be.
He considers the by-product as we'll
rs the main product OF his work.
Scientific investigation shows that
protein. the most costly element OF
ood. contains l6 per cent nitrogen, and
or every 100 pounds OF protein We pur
chase VIC also purchase sixteen pounds
II nitrogen.
We find from figures given in War
rington's Chemistry of the Farm" that
when fed to oxen all except 3.9 per
.ent OF this nitrogen Is voided either
,s a solid or liquid excrement. that
1876 per cent is voidcd as liquid eXcrc-
nent, hence the importance of keeping
plenty of absorbent at hand.
We also find that 1i.7 per cent of the
nitrogen Is Icldlncu III TIE DOuy Wneu
.he food is given to pigs. Twenty ono
per cent is voidcd In the solid eXcre-
nent and $40 per cent voided as liquid
tXcrement,
There is a marked difference between
he OK and the pig in this respect, due
% the rapid growth of the pig.
AS TO the ash constituent OF food, the
anne author says that 2.3 per cent OF
Inc ash of tho food is stored up i'm the
body and that 977 per cent Is voided in
Inc excrement when tfie feed is eigeu
% an OK, while a pig win retain As
ser cent OF tho ash OF the food and
void 95.5 in the eXcremcnt. These fig
lres show that only small per cent
ef tho plant food is sold off The farm
when animals are fod the products and
hat the rapid exhaustion OF the soils
'ertillty is d result OF carelessncss and
ack upon the part OF tho farmer OF
properly managing the various farm
operations.
BY a tudicious management and the
'eeding of farm animals. II is not only
possible but practicable to increase tho
production of the farm from year 10
rear without spending large sums al
money each year for commercial for
nizer.-A- j. Lcgg
The Ogden standard. [volume] (Ogden City, Utah) 1902-1910, 1909-10-09

In the long cold months of winter
the farmer is often annoyed by tho
outdoor water tank or trough frcezinS'
perhaps bursting same and at lcas.
causing the stock to drink water that
Is nearly Ice water. which cannot be
beneficial to thcm.
AS per illustrations this trouble can
bo overcome with but slight expense
by the construction OF concrete tank
with the heater nodded as a part of
samc.
AS shown In the sectional view of
tank. the firebox is built under one end
and Is connected at the chimney at the
other end with the flue or pipe running
the entiro length of the tank. which
distributes the heat evenly along same
and thus keeps the water at point
nbove freezing with but little fire In the
heater.
The heater being nodded with the
tank. Is always ready for use at any
The Ogden standard. [volume] (Ogden City, Utah) 1902-1910, 1909-10-09
DANGERS OF SINGLE CROP
Diversified Farming Is Necessary if Fertility of the
Soil Is to Be Maintained or Increased

Tic result has been tho development
OF system OF tenant farming. the
original owners OF the land HAVING
lost it.
One Of the most serious objectt6ns
10 single crop system OF farming ls
the effect 1t has on the fertility Of the
land Our best agricultural lands WIN
stand exploltivc farming-that Is.
farming without any attention to fcr-
tility-for about two generations
BY the end of that time the land IN
exhausted. the yields are low and tho
FARMERS are poor The change TO n di-
Vcrsihed system of farming should
never be deferred until the land is ru1
out In most OF the regions mentioned
above. characterized by slnelc-crcr
systems OF farming, the change 10 more
diversified and more conservative
types Of fornlins-that Is. types moro
conservative of soil fertility-has bee
more or less completely made.
Many farms that fifteen years ago
were producing an average OF eight
bushels OF wheat 10 the acre have bces
brought up by live stock farming tiU
in their present condition they vii.
produce forty bushels OF wheat TO an
acre.
Agricultural teachers have urged d.
versified farming for many years. but
with little effect until the appearance
OF the boil weevil. This insect made
cotton farming very precarlous md has
led to radical notifications In tho sys-
TENS OF farming prevailing In that Sec
tlon.
Generally speaking some type OF live
stock farming Is necessary TO the main
tenancc of soil fertility. Whether il Is
possible to maintain the fertility of the
soil by the use OF green manures and
commercial fertilizers has not been
fully demonstrated.
Live stock farming does not aIyays
mean diversified farming. and some
forms of live stock farming may be-
come as Objectionable In many ways as
form OF farming in which single
crop Is grown for sale.
For instance. in some parts OF New
England dairy farming has become Sc
exclusive type that the farmer de-
pends upon the sale OF dairy products
to buy supplies which might be pro
duced at home.
The lack of high-claes dairy cows
the high price OF grain and mill prod
ucts and the difficulty Of securing con-
petent farm labor have brought rrea
hardship on the New England dairy
men who have been negiecting the pro
duction of gardens fruits. poultry etc
which should find a place on ever
wcll~orsanized farm.
My ideal of a farm is one wh.cl
maintains system of agricultur
which builds up the soil to a high stat
oil fertility produces everything nccde,
on the farm that can be satisfactory!
produced and maintains not less thar
TWO principal industries as sources
revenue.
The Ogden standard. [volume] (Ogden City, Utah) 1902-1910, 1909-10-09
WHAT OTHER FARMERS ARE DOING

The Wisconsin dalryman who ba.
been experimenting with moIosses -.
tood for his dairy COWS declares tbot
1t Increases the milk flow and i'm.
proves the quality OF butter
The Rhode Island State Grange de.
mands a law which VIII rccompensc
farmers for losses sustained by the on.
forceinent OF the state laws regarding
tuberculosis and other animal dis
eases.
tremendous experiment in aewace
farming Will soon be undertaken on
the sandy wastes of Long Island. The
sewage from Greater New York VIII
be applied by the irrigation process.
Thousands OF magnificent elm trees
In the state of Kansas arc dying from
the elm aphIs. The Kansas Academy
OF Science Is working hard to ind
some means 10 destroy the pest
\ large number of farmers from Fin
land in the northern part OF the Rus
sian empire, are going into New eng
land and taking up the abandoned
farms In that section.
/ IL i5 estimated that nearly $4,000
people in Pennsylvania and Illinois
are engaged in bec culture.
a remarkable farm is located IL
Alaska, on a small tributary OF tho
Tanana river. only 125 miles south oi
the arctic circle The owner j II
Parshner while prospecting for golc
discovered a warm spring whose wa
tcrS he distributes over his land bH
tho irrigation process, He raises trc-
mendous crops of all kinds Of veg
etobles. which find ready sale at bis
prices,
a woman hop farmer IN oneida
county, New York. last year obtained
Yield OF 1900 pounds to the acre,
which yielded her a net profit OF $500
1t IS estimated that conditions on
the farms OF Missouri have improved
so per cent during the last ten years.
The old fashioned farmer. who used
to spend half his time shooting squi--
rels in the woods. has taken 10 study
ing the agricultural newspapers and
college bulletins. and his wife and
children have learned that farm life
can be made pleasant as we'll as prof
table.
A member OF tho country life COM
mission says the worst agricultural
conditions of this country are in the
south, because the farmers have
robbed the soil Of its humus by grow
ing cotton and tobacco exclusively foi
moro than a hundred years,
]. c. Evans, a farmer of Jackson
county, Missouri. has 200 perSimmoH
trees bearing fine favored fruit they
sell at about 80 cents a basket In Kan
sas City and each tree averages an
Income OF 500 per year
The largest alligator farm in the
country IS near Hot Springs. Ark il
contains about 500 gators. the largest
OF which Is fifteen feet long. and whose
age Is estimated at zoo years. The
crop is sold TO northern tourists.
The Ogden standard. [volume] (Ogden City, Utah) 1902-1910, 1909-10-09

arc ks Inches by feet. and tho two
main parts are made so as to lock at
the top when set up. Poles may be
used in place of the more expensive
sawed material. The three cross pieces
arc loose and the entire device can be
quickly set up or taken down. Six or
more OF these frames are required per
acre. Caps may also be found a valu-
able addition. In the station tiiaIs the
60" he'n or other hav was put on tic
frame when in well-wilted condition
BY this method all the leaves were
saved. and with the circulation OF air
The Ogden standard. [volume] (Ogden City, Utah) 1902-1910, 1909-10-09
BY W. T. sPILLMAN,
United Stateb Department Of Agriculture

uhlfd otaeb department oI Agriculture
New agricultural regions arc usually
settled In advance of means OF trans
portation, go that In the early settle
ment farmers arc compelled by circum-
stances to produce a very large pro-
portion OF what they need ct home
But as soon as a new region becomes
well settled railroads arc built. thus
opening up the worlds markets 10 tho
farmer.
The new farmer having r virgin soil
which for years will produce profitable
crops without any attention to fortili-
ty soon finds that some particular
crop brings him larger returng than
any other, and begins a system OF farm
ing based largely on single crop. on
the pralries OF the west wheat was the
crop, and on this the early agriculture
OF western New York was based: Ike
wise good portion of Ohio. Indiana
| Illinois and Iowa.
In the southern states. after the In
Vention OF the cotton gin. cotton be-
came the one highly profitable crop
while along the Atlantic coast and IN
certain parts OF Texas and Louisiana
rice became the foundation of a new
agriculture. In parts OF MARYLAND and
Virginia tobacco occupied this posi-
| ton,
In tie carly days of settlement. when
the soil is rich and will produce good
crops without attention TO fertility
such system OF farming is quite log
ical Yet even under these conditions
there are two serious objections to q
sinsle-crop system OF farming.
One Is the Introduction OF weeds
This Is especially true where the crop
is not cultivated one. For instance
the cultivation Of tobacco and cotton In
the south has not led to the introduc-
tion OF serious weed pests. because OF
the clean culture practiced
But In rice and wheat regions weeds
have become very formidable. No mat
ter what the crop. unless 1t is carefully
TILED there Will be some weeds tina,
viii rlpen their seeds little in ad-
vance of the crop and thus increase
from year to year after they are once
introduced, until in many cases they
render the crop Improbable and com
pei a change of system.
The other objection is still more seri-
ous. The history of agriculture in this
country has seen wido fluctuations ir
prices of agricultural products.
At times the price of any particular
crop has gone below the cost OF pro-
duction. and in regions where a single
crop prevailed these times have beer
one of great hardship for the farmer
and in many cases have cost the farm
er his home.
1t costs about 10 cents a pound tc
grow cotton in our southern states
where the work is all done by hired
labor
Cotton has been below this price
for a large part of the pest generation
The Ogden standard. [volume] (Ogden City, Utah) 1902-1910, 1909-10-09

flower and various root crops. The
quality also was better.
Mr. Gcorgeson believes that Alaska
has undeyeloped resources sufficient for
the support OF large population. But
there. az he says. Mature is stern and
uncompromiSlnG. and we must submit
to the conditions she imposes
Among many interesting facts given
In the report is this: Watermelons
were brought to maturity out Of doors
on tho Hot Springs farm which is In
the Tanana valley, In latitude 6i de-
grecs north II seems that on part
OF this farm the soil is warmed from
the same source. whatever 1t is. that
heats the water OF tho springs. This
farm has now 150 acres regularly un-
der crop, the greater portion devoted TO
potatoes.
The Ogden standard. [volume] (Ogden City, Utah) 1902-1910, 1909-10-09

time and can be employed whenever
needed
The outside dimensions OF tank as
Illustrated arc S feet s inches long,
teet high and 3 feet s inches wide.
The walls are inches thick giving the
inside dimensions of feet long, Q feet
wide at the top and feet inches wide
ut the bottom, with a depth of 20
inches This Will be ample for the or
linary farm and can be changed to
puit your needs.
The chimney at one end is nodded IL
inches square and 4 feet high This
ian be Increased IL so desired
For the outside mold six boards 10
inches wide and feet inches long.
fastened together three of each. with
sleats. make tic two sides. The end
where the fiTeboX is located is made
bf three 10-lnch boards feet 10 inches
ong and nailed to the two sides at the
Ind.
For the fircboX make box exactly
Is inches wide. l. inches high and "a
The Ogden standard. [volume] (Ogden City, Utah) 1902-1910, 1909-10-09

corn and wheat harvesters. but the
bundles when tied are apt TO mold. and
these methods may not be advisable
under our conditions The mower mas
given at least fair results.
S. NJ, Spangler has devised a simple
curing frame which gives a reasonable
assurance of success in the saving OF
both tho hay and the grain. This . me
may also be used 10 advantage for cur
ing alfalfa, COW peas. etc. In wet
weather. It's construction and use arc
shown in the illustrations. The pieces
The Ogden standard. [volume] (Ogden City, Utah) 1902-1910, 1909-10-09

through the shock good curing result
ed. When thoroughly dry the SHOCK
may be hauled from the fields an
threshed The straw gotten in this wa
makes excellent hay.
In threshing common vhcz
thresher may be used. but the speed
the cylinder must be reduced and othe
adjustments may be necessary in orde
10 get good results. Tho soy beans ar
not found TO thresh clean. howoye,
when the air is damp and tho pods ar
tough.
The seeds should not be stored IL
pins but In loosely woven sacks. whici
should be disposed SO the air Will cir.
culate freely among them.
The Ogden standard. [volume] (Ogden City, Utah) 1902-1910, 1909-10-09

inches long. Place this at the one ond
ibutting against the side.
For the chimney mako a box L.
inches square and 4 feet long, Have
this open on ope side. set at the ono
md in center, and then with six 10
nch boards II inches long finish up
;his end by mailing to ends OF sides
md to open side OF chimney-box mold
This enables you TO hold the chimney
With the walls. thus making a neater
md more satisfactory job.
For the inside OF tank cut two 10
nch boards feet long, fasten two OF
zach together with cleats on inside;
now cut four 10-lnch boards exactly
eet 10 inches long, fasten two of each
together with cleats.
AT ono side OF each measure In cx-
,ctly inches from each end and draw
The Ogden standard. [volume] (Ogden City, Utah) 1902-1910, 1909-10-09
DEVELOPING DAIRY HEIFERS

believe the growing and develop
ing OF young dairy heiters in an intel
ligent manner has much TO do with
the amount of grain foods that they
VIII require to return q profit after
they are put to use In the dairy.
The hcifer that IS raised upon good.
nutritious farm Toughage and given
plenty of fresh air and enough exercise
VIII have her digestive system so de-
ycloped that she will be able Ia make
better use OF our home grown dairy
roughage than the heiferS that have
been developed largely upon highly
concentrated protein foods.
The Ogden standard. [volume] (Ogden City, Utah) 1902-1910, 1909-10-09
OF INTEREST To DAIRYMEN

cows that have been properly raised
ana developed mako much moro o..
llcient dairy COWS than those that hive
oeen grown md developed on a ration
lhat was III adapted to their needs
IL breeding signifies anything at al,
II means that tho qualities OF tho cow
Tor producing n largo amount of min.
are To be transmitted to her daughter
No matter how wcll our cattIe mo
bred or how intclllgently they are fed
II the environment does not corrcsnona a
with their breeding and feeding onr
efforts arc vain. '''
our lives are too short for lie n ,r,,
to perfect herd Of improved cotuS
from bunch of scrubs. Neither can
We keep our herds up to a proG,ahla
standard unless we employ weII-hred
animals. 'teu
II we raise likely. young. flrst-c,asc
dairy COW she Is worth at J wears -
age at least $50, VIII she cost MS
that? I should say not; perhans sax
or $40. Besides we cannot alvave h,,,,
just what We want and at Just the ,Jno
we want '''''o
The dairyman who puts all OF bis
time and attention into da,rv omS
keeps herd OF scrub cows Is obont
on par with an old hen sitting on .
bunch OF china doorknobs. He docsn,t
value his time very highly.
S
The Ogden standard. [volume] (Ogden City, Utah) 1902-1910, 1909-10-09

All the known varieties OF the bam-
boo In the orient have been brought 10
california and experiments In their
propagation Will be carried on by the
government,
The Ogden standard. [volume] (Ogden City, Utah) 1902-1910, 1909-10-09

Many plants and shrubs must be
trnnsplanted this month to insure
bloom next season,
The Ogden standard. [volume] (Ogden City, Utah) 1902-1910, 1909-10-09

Guy Burchison, who had much III
luck and who II fcw years ago bought
a farm of l2o acres near Greeley Col.
for S75 an acre. recently sold it Tor
$4,000.
The Ogden standard. [volume] (Ogden City, Utah) 1902-1910, 1909-10-09

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The Arizona sentinel., 1909-04-15
REDWOOD EXHIBIT AT
SEATTLE EXPOSITION.

Few people realize the rapid
lty Of growth Of the coast red
wood trees Of California. Be
cause some Of the large trees Of
this family are a thousand years
or more Of age, often attaining a
size where they are larger than
any other tree excepting the ia
nous Big Trees, redwood has
the reputation of being a very
Slow growing tree. AS a matter
Of fact, RED wood sprouts grow
ing from stumps of older trees
are among the most rapid grow
ing Of our native trees.
70 illustrate this point, the
United States Forest Service will
exhibit at the Alaska Yukon
Pacific Exposition in Seattle this
Summer, sections from a young
redwood sprout, together with
explanatory diagrams showing
It's rate of growth in diameter,
height and volume. This tree,
which was cut from the Dupont
Powder Works tract near Santa
Cruz, is over 80 inches in cir
conference at the stump, almost
125 feet in height, and is only AZ
years of age. These dimensions
Indicate growth of over one
half inch in diameter per year,
and an annual growth Of almost
two and seven tenths feet in
height.
Trees Of an even more rapid
growth were seen in the Big
River country of Mendocino
county, California, where red
wood sprouts over 80 inches in
diameter on the stump and 125
to 100 feet in height were found
on land cut only 40 to
45 years ago. Redwood sprouts
thus rival in their rate of growth
the much Landed eucalyptus.
The Arizona sentinel., 1909-04-15
Gone For a Vacation.

Mrs. l.. G.. Price, who has rep
resented the Arizona Gazetre in
Yuma for several months, leaves
today for Pasadena, Cal, where
she will spend her summer va
cation among friends and rela-
tives. Mrs. Price has demon.
strated her capability as good
business woman as we'll as a
news gatherer and clever writer
Her agreeable personality has
made her many friends during
her stay II Yuma and all Of them
will hope that she may have a
pleasant and pro6table vacation,
and return invigorated for her
newspaper work.
The Arizona sentinel., 1909-04-15
500 Reward 500

The readers of this paper will be
pleased to learn that there is at least
one dreaded disease that science has
been able to cure in all its stages, and
that is catarrh. Halls Catarrh Cure is
the only positive cure now known to
the medical fraternity. Catarrh being
Il constitutional disease, requires con-
stitutional treatment. Halls Catarrh
Cure is taken internally, acting direct
~ upon the blood and mucous surfaces
of the system, thereby destroy iug the
foundation of the disease and giving the
patient strength by building up the
constitution and assisting nature in do
ing its work. The proprietors have so
much faith in its curative powers that
they offer One Hundred Dollars for any
case that it fails to cure. Send for list
of testimonials.
Address F. j. Cheney & Co., Toledo. O.
Sold by all druggists, 75c.
Take Halls Family Pills for consti-
patton.