Albuquerque morning journal. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1903-1926, 1909-12-05

me uses TO winch the resources OF
the national forests are put are TIM
Der sales, free use of timber. grazing.
n special uses, the most important
being the development of water
power.
Rules for the Sale Of Timber.
All timber which can be cut with
out hurting the forests. and for which
there is actual need. is for sale.
Green, growing timber is sold except
when its removal would make a sec
ond crop doubtful. reduce the supply
below the point of safety, or injure
the streams. The present limited sup
ply prevents sales except for local
use, All dead timber is for sale and
a special effort is made 10 dispose of
1t and clear it away from the forests,
The law prohibits the export from
South Dakota of any timber from the
Black Hills national forest unless cut
from dead or insect infected trees.
Purchases of $50 or less can be ar
ranged with the nearest forest officer,
while sales above this amount are
handled by the supervisor Of the for
est. Where 500 or more is involved
the sale Is made after competitive
bids have been made.
The government does not do any
actual cutting or logging, but the pur-
chaser is required to cut his timber
under the supervision of the forest Of
ficers, the contracts covering such es-
sentials as car against injury TO
young growth, the full utilization OF
the tree, the removal of Inferior trees
and often of undesired species. and
the proper disposal Of the brush.
Forest officers have the authority
to grant permits, without charge, for
$40 worth of timber during my one
year to persons who ma not reason
ably be expected to pay. The amount
max be increased in cases of great or
unusual need, or to assist enterprises
of Il public or benevolent character.
More than 80, 900 free permits were
issued in 1908. when about one-fourth
of all timber cut was under the free
use permits. This timber is given for
the purpose of aiding in the develop
ment of the country through settle
ment. Settlers on agricultural land
within the national forests are liberal
~ supplied With timber for their le-
climate needs.
Grazing Rights Well Regulated.
The grazing rights. which have sud
denly become the source of so great
an income, r regulated in The in
terests of the stockmen, who pay for
the permits. The regulations are de-
signed to protect and conserve the use
of all forest land adapted to grazing,
the permanent good of the live stock
industry and the protection of the
settler and home builder against I'M
fair competition in the use of the
There are many open parks in the
national forest and many areas of
high altitude abov the timber line
produce valuable crops of for
age grasses and plants. In addition a
large portion of the forest land pro-
duces a good crop of forage.
Thees lands have been occupied by
the stockmen since the settlement of
the country and the live stock indus
has been and still is largely de-
pendent upon them Through misuse
and oVergraZing great damage has
been done, grasses having been total
~ destroyed in some localities, serious
soil erosion following.
The forest service has corrected
these conditions to a large extent II
waste places are being restored to
their former status. The range is
classified and divided between the
owners of different kinds of stock.
and. when local conditions permit. in
dividual n allotments are made.
Under a proper regulation of the use :
Of a. range the quality OF h stock is 1
improved, the weight of the animals
Increased. Improvement in the meth !
DDS Of handling stock has resulted in
4 better utilization of the forage and
IN increase i'm the number of stock
may be grazed upon the range |
During the season of 1908 grazing |
permits were issued to more than
"a, 900 different owners. allowing |
/ $4,000 cattle and horses and 1000
poo sheep and goats to be grazed In
the national forests.
special Uses of Many Varieties.
The special uses to which the for
ssts are put include residences, farms. !
pastures. drift fences. corrals, aptar-
les. diaries, schools, churches, roads,
trails. telephone and telegraph lines.
stores, mills, factories, hotels, stage
~sanitariums. camps, summer
'estorts, wharVes, miners n pros
Dectors' cabins, windmills, dipping
'ats, tanks. dams. reservoirs, water
'onduits Of all kinds, power houses,
transmission lines, aerial tram
railroads, tramroadS, n the
purchase of sand, stone, clay, gravel,
and other products except tim
A reasonable charge is made for
Zach permit, and the revenue o
hem i'm 1905 amounted To $30,425;
mere were B.SLt DfiIlliS l1Sufbf VI
which 3,239 yer free.
The most important of the special
Uses Of forest source are those IN
water power. The national
'orests take i'm the mountain ranges
the west. The rain and melting
NOW feed the mountain streams. The
'orest over on the slopes acts TX a
great sponge, absorbing the excess OF
and giving it out again in the
Try season. To secure favorable
of water flows vas the
Express purpose of the act of 1907
reating the national forests al au-
horizing the expenditure of money
or their administration and mainte-
Where the forest is DESTROYED
~ reckless numbering n the fircs
hat usually follow, the rains run OF
he steeD slopes. producing destruc-
floods and leaving no water stor-
ID up for the dry season.
Water Power Carefully Guarded.
The forest service has placed strict
POPULATIONS around the use OF water
over i'm the national forests. The
i'm Is to prevent monopoly OF unde-
-cloped nower resources. Construc-
WORK and productive operation OF
h. plant must begin within definitely
periods. During the construc-
ion period n yearly charge Of ap-
,raximatelv 81 per acre and . per
nile OF forest land occupied by the
site and conduit line II
made. When operation begins the
obstruction chargc is discontinued
nd a net operation charge is liked
his charge ranges from > to- 20
f.--aV Tar.r Of n1aEfFirlf !