Shiner gazette. [volume] (Shiner, Tex.) 1893-current, 1909-09-02
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ele<- mn 14Ro fzzzDS
growth. An increase of rs per cent.
of yield of paddy has already been
produced from only the second selec-
lions from Individual plants. The ad-
vantage of this use OF pedigree stock
of seed derived from a single parent
Is greater uniformity in the size Of
grain, the yield. and the time of rip
ening. The substitution of such pedi-
gree stock win tend tc decrease the
very large milling losses which have
been characteristic of the Hawaiian
rice industry. The ordinary Ha-
waiian rice, while largely Of the gold
seed type. is really mixture of
great many different types. so that to
get the best results In harvesting
some OF the rice will be so ripe that
the grain skaters, while portion OF
the plants in the field have perhaps
barely attained sufficient degree OF
ripeneBs to warrant their being cut.
The losses in milling are due to the
varying sizes and types OF grain and
their varying stages Of maturity. The
miller sets his burrs to accommodate
the average size Of grain in the run,
so that grains which are too large are
broken and those which are smaller
than the average are insufficiently
milled, causing bad color in the prod
uct.
The uniformity of grain win un-
| dOathfod1xy proua ~ erroo4or i,,,v,rr.
lance than any other single factor in
the production of this crop. This UNI
iformity can be produced only by the
production of pedigree stock; that is.
stock derived originally from single
parent plant.
Three varieties Of dryland rice have
been selected from the original va
riety collection An interesting point
about these dry-land rices is that they
produce a better crop without irriga-
ton than with it. The value OF dry
land rice is going to be not so much
the production Of grain because
dry-land rices tend toward the starchy
type of grain rather than the fiinty,
but the production of forage. The
culm and LEAKAGE of the dry-iand types
of rices are soft and pliable, lacking
the silica that causes the harshness
of irrigated sorts. These strains pro-
duce quality Of hay which is greedily
eaten by horses and cattle. The pres
ent outlook is that dry-land rices will
fill very important need in Hawaii
in the production of hay and forage.
Fertilizer experiments have been
conducted for two crops In pot, plat,
and field experiments. While 1t Ia
perhaps too early to draw conclusions,
the indications are that an increase Of
from is to 20 per cent of grain per
acre can be induced by use Of com
mercial fertilizers of suitable compost
ton.
4 EARLY In the year orders we're placed
for number of types of agricultural
machinery not hitherto used in the
rice industry in Hawaii These in
cluded disk tillage Implements and
the Irvine binder. Disk tillage is
promising, provided machinery can be
secured which will give penetration
of from six to eight inches. The type
of cut-away, or disk plows and disk
harrows, which the station has Sc
cured, would only penetrate abou,
four inches, although the manufacture
, ers claimed a much greater penetra
ton. 1t was found that AS acres Of
rice land could be plowed per day
with a fiye-foot cut-away bog pillow
and four horses, as against from one
, to one and half acres with two wa
ter buffalo, or from three to foui
horses on ten-inch mold-board pillow
turning the soil to a depth of abou
six inches. This Is the only advan
, tage which this form OF implement
has over the improved types. l
, manufacturers of disk implements
; VIII evolve type Of bog pillow tina
will turn the ground from six to eigh
inches in depth, there is no doubt tina
/ they would be Immediately adopted
by the Chinese rice growers.
A number of trials were made II
the harvesting of rice with five-foo
+ Irvine binder harvester, and It Is be
q lieved that the Chinese rice grower
would adopt this type Of machiner,
!. If they could secure lighter machine
!.
+ Slight Misunderstanding.