davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Meeker herald., 1909-07-24

A Colorado Springs dispatch an
nounces the death of Mrs. Hayes,
daughter Of and only surviving rela-
tive of Jefferson Davis. Mrs. Hayes,
in company with her husbsnd-one
of the wealthiest and most prominent
bankers in the West-some years ago
was frequent visitor to Marvine
lodge and upper White region.
The Meeker herald., 1909-07-24
Will cure your cold
BROMO- FEBRIN
Carriage Painting
while you sleep,

Carriage, buggy and wagon paint
ing 1T the Harp-JoHantgen compan,
shops.
The Meeker herald., 1909-07-24

President Taft has ordered the
powers that be In congress to revise
the tariff downward, Or-take the
coDs0uence Of veto.
The Meeker herald., 1909-07-24

According to the Express, small
pox prevails at Vernal.
The Meeker herald., 1909-07-24

Place your orders for harness and
saddles with Hartke 4 Sheets Come
before the spring rush.
The Meeker herald., 1909-07-24

The failure Of one man always
means the gain for another.
The Meeker herald., 1909-07-24

Read THE HERALD for the news.
The Meeker herald., 1909-07-24

r. H. Taylor, dentist, Meeker.
The Meeker herald., 1909-07-24

If it's in Tho Herald It's reliable.
The Meeker herald., 1909-07-24
THE MEEKER HERALD
Jane. LyttIe. Editor and Proprsesor

TERMB:
FOR sURsCRIPTrOH.
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1909-04-09
Ministerial Association Meeting.

The Ministerial Association met at
the Y. M. G. A. rooms at 1880
o'clock Monday morning. Vice-pres-
ident w. S. Smith was in the chair.
Rev. Fisher conducted the devotion
resenting OwossO, Corunna and
Laingsburg were present.
Mis5 Jones of Owosso favored the
association by beautifully singing
THY Will be Done" The report of
the committee on constitution was
read and accepted, and the consti-
tuition rs read provides, First, that
the name of the organization shall be
the OWosso Ministerial Association;
Second. that it's object shall be TO
promote good fellowship social, in
tellectual and spiritual among it's
members, and to secure their cooper
alton in matters civil, moral and &C.
clesiastical; Third, its membership
shall consist of ministers of ali
churches, Y. NJ. C. a. secretaries and
assistants, officers of the Salvation
army and such other persons as the
association may elect;
Fourth, 1t provides for the usual
officers;
Fifth, It's meetings to be held the
first Monday in each month;
Sixth, Three committees pro-
gram, temperance and reform, SICK
and afflicted.
The topic, what Does This Asso-
citation Mean to Me was discussed
by every one present. All believ I'd
that the association is needed and
that it will be fruitful of much good
especially in promoting civic righ-
teousneSS. $50 VA .1fX
This was followed by a very good
paper by Rev. w. S. Smith on
Christian Fellowship" After an liz
formal discussion of the paper the
chairman announced the following
committees:
Program-Keene. Sidenius and
Laughton,
Temperance and Reform-Laugh-
ton, POhly, Jennings and Walker.
Sick and NATURALIZATION ST.
deniEs, Richardson and Hoyt.
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1909-04-09
ECONOMY IN ITALY.
The Roman Season the Only Time
When Real Luxury Is the Rule.

Inc Roman season the Oniy inns
When Real Luxury Is the Rule.
During the greater part Of the year
we have only the servants that are
necessary-my husbands valet, one but
trance to the palace and general
utility country boy who In the after
noon puts on a livery and acts as foot
man. The women servants are cook,
a scullery maid, a laundress and two
maids besides my own personal one.
This list is not as extravagant as the
same would be in America.
Wages are nothing by comparison.
One can get good lady's maid for SO
a month, competent butler for SO,
a cook for $40, chambermaid for SO.
Their fare would seem coarse to the
spoiled servant of America, consisting,
as it does. chiefly of bread, soup, mac
aroni and fruit, with tea and coffee Of
an inferior grade and fresh meat once
a week. We spend nothing that we
can possibly help until the Roman sea-
son. Then we have enough surplus to
get an additional number of maids and
a long row of footmen these for tho
most part young women and men from
the village of our own estate), and
both in our country villa and in our
Roman palace we open all the rooms
that for eight months have been closed
and for four months live in luxury
An Expatriate in Everybody's Maya
zine.
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1909-04-09
To Prosecute Indiana Brewers.

indianapolis, April 5.-The Anti
Saloon league is arranging to pros
ecute all the brewers in the state
who are soliciting patronage in dry
territory, and will make circular let
ters sent out by the brewers the ba-
sis of prosecutions. The circulars
are being distributed by hand in all
the dry towns and are found under
the doors of thousands of houses
They read in part:
1--WE have consulted our attorneys
in the matter OF furnishing custom
ers who are located in dry territory
with beer direct from the brewery or
branches. The sale must be made
either from the brewery or from n
branch located i'm wet territory. Or
ders of this kind will receive immed-
late attention and we expect TO MAKE
shipments on the day the orders are
received"
Officers Of the Anti-Saloon league
say that the distribution of the cic-
culars amounts TO "an Offer for
sale" which is prohibited by the law,
and although the money Is received
outside Of the dry town or county II
is sale within the territory as much
as though Tho money were paid for
the beer there.
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1909-04-09
THE OWOSSO TIMES
EDMUND O. DEWEY. EDITOR.
,uOWOSSO, MICH, APRIL 0, 1908
Real Estate Transfers.

A. GunSolly to M. Rice, pit NV u
sec 90 and pit neA sec %, Woodruff
$4,000.
M Rice to "A. Gunsolly and wife
It's 26 and 81, blk /, w. n. Green's
add, Perry, $3.50.
A. Rowley to j. Devereaux and
wife, pit swA sec 26, Shiawassee
$3.50.
A. E.ssig to E. Dingwall, pit 1t 4
blk 8, Owosso, $1075.
d. Benson to w. Black and wife
pit ne u, sec 13. Woodruff, $1,000.
ID. Graham to r. Parker and wife
Its SO. 40, Al, AZ, As and AS, Near
thur and Cummins Div. Corunna
$500.
j. Foster to C. Garner and wife, pt
ne and pit of sw u, sec 20 Woodruff
$4,000.
w. Perry, ct al, to L. Tibbitts, pit
ne u sec SO, Venice, $3.50.
F.. Doyle to l.. and J. Burns, pl
neA sec IL, Sciota, $3.50.
X. Steplin to F. Pulver and wife
1t 18, M. l.. S. & Co.'s add, OwoSso
1915.
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1909-04-09
A Reliable Helper.

If your stock doesn't look well or do
we'll, just go at once to the nearest
druggist or general store and purchase
without delay package of Harvell's
Condition Powders. The packages are
small but the price places them within
the reach of all. There are no food stuffs
in the package, each and every drug or
different substance being chosen solely
for its medicinal properties and for
your money you are getting better
article than anyone can give you along
the same line, and at the same price.
Over seventy years old and sold every
where for csc per package. Sold by
Johnson & Son and Sprague & Co.
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1909-04-09
Tho Big Head

Is of two kinds-conceit and the big
head that comes from sick headache.
Does your head ever feel like gourd
and your brain feel loose and sore2 You
can cure it in no time by acting on your
liver with DR.. Herrick's Sugar Coated
PILLS. Isn't it worth trying for the
absolute and certain relief you'll get
Ask for free sample. Sold by John.
son e. Son and Sprague 81 Co.
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1909-04-09
$4,000 Reward

Would gladly be paid for cure by
many people who are crippled by rheu-
matism. vet if they only knew it, they
can be cured by few bottles of Rem
mes Pain Killing Oil. Safe to use in
ternally and externally. The best
'Pain- Killer" Price 25c, SOC and 81. 90
per bottle Sold by Johnson e. Son and
Sprague 30 Co.
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1909-04-09
Tho First "coin Sweater

"Coln sweating" which so often fig
ures in the Old Bailey calendar, Is a
very, very old crime. More than six
centuries before Christ there was a
coin sweater, one Alexander of Byzan-
tium. He was chief officer OF the pub
lie treasury, and he amassed an i'm.
mense and sudden fortune by clip
ping" the money In so skillful a man
ner that his frauds could only be dis
covered by weighing. The Byzantlnes
gave him the nickname Of "The File"
from his making such dextrous use of
that tool, whence probably comes the
modern term Of "flle" applied TO
thieves, pickpockets and cunning hard
headed scoundrels.- Weekly.
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1909-04-09
Deafness Cannot Be Cured

by local applications, as they cannot reach the
diseased portion OF the ear. There is only one
way to cure deafness, and that is by constitu-
tional remedies. Deafness Is caused by an
inf1amed condition OF the mucous lining of the
Eustachian Tube. When this tube Is infiamed
YOU have q rumbling sound or imoerfect hear.
ing, and when 1t Is eRtirely closed, Deafness Is
the result. and unless the inflammation can be
taken out and this tube restored to It's normal
condition, hearing will be destroyed forever
nine cases out OF ten ore caused by Catarrh,
which Is nothing but an infiamed condition OF
the mucous surfaces.
We will give One Hundred Dollars for any
case OF Deafness (caused by catarrh) that can
not be cured by Halls Catarrh Cure. Send for
circulars free.
Address: +. J CHENEY CO., Toledo, Ohio.
Sold bg all Druggists 75c.
Take Hal's Family Pills for constipation.
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1909-04-09
Commissioners Notice.

In the matter of the estate of Bessie Bailey,
deceased. fh
We, the undersigned. having beer appointed
by the Hon. Mathew Bush. Judge OF Probate
in and for the County Of Shawassee, State OF
and adjust all cln''ns and demands of all per
sons against SAID state, do hereby give notice,
that we will meeI the Office OF The Owosso
Evening Argus in the City of Owosso In SAID
County, on Monday, the 18th day of MAY.
A. ID. 1909 and on Wednesday. the 18th day on
July A. ID. 1909, at ten o'clock in the forenoon
OF each OF said days, for the purpose of receivs
ing and adjusting all claims against said estate
and that four months from the 18th day OF
March A. ID. 1909, are allowed to creditors TO
present their claims to said Commissioners for
adjustment and allowance.
Dated, the 18th day OF March, A. d. 1909
GEORGE II. CAMPBELL
LEWIS WEEKS.
JAMES ID. ESTES,
Commissioners.
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1909-04-09

Copyright 1908 by Rev. +. S. Linscott. DID,;
Easter Lesson. I Cor. Nv: 12-28.
Now 10 Christ risen from the dead,
md become the first fruits of them
that slept. ! Cor. xv:20.
Verses 12-13.-Does the doctrine OF
the resurrection Of the body rest up
on revelation or upon reason?
Providing the soul Is Immortal is it,
or not. Of material Importance
! whether the body Is raised or not?
II there Is no resurrection OF the
dead, 1t follows as Paul here states,
that Christ is not risen; but is the
converse true, that II Christ Is risen
then all human beings will necessar-
lily be resurrected?
1t seems that some In Corinth de-
MED the resurrection Of the dead in
the sense that there Is no life after
death, now If that were true, then
how much would there be left in Chris
tianity?
What Is the process OF reasoning
that demonstrates the fact of immor-
tally?
What Is the scripture proof of life
after death?
Can you mention a single nation or
tribe of the past, or at the present
which has not believed in immortality
In some shape?
Verses 14-17-If there Is no resur'
rection of the dead, how would that
make their preaching vain, make our
faith vain, and make them false wit.
nessesf
Verses 1919 - How Is It that all
men instinctively believe In the i'm
mortality Of their departed friends, and
expect to meet them again?
1t was doubtless true in Paul's day
that II there was no Immortality
Christians were Of all men most mis-.
cradle, because, they were then de-
spised, imprisoned and put to death,
but Is the same true today? Is not
Christ's religion now grand thing for
this world, even II death did end all ?
Verse 20-What is the chief evil
dence Of the truth Of Christianity?
What Is the proof that Jesus did
rise from the dead? (See Matt. XVI:
1918; Mark xvi:14; Luke xiv: 36-3S
John 4.26 ;xxi:4; Acts 1880
81; Cor. xv:3-S, ct seq)
Is the fact of the resurrection OF
Jesus to be proved by evidence, like
any other fact, and Is there any other
historic fact better attested?
Why was il, when Jesus was cruel.
fled that His disciples were dispir-
tied band, having lost heart, and 60
ing back to their former occupation,
and what was il afterwards that put
new life In them, and made them the
most courageous men that ever lived 7
(This question must be answered ir
writing by members of the Club
What became the prominent theme
of their preaching?
Is It credible that such noble men,
who afterward laid down their lives
for the truth, would testify that they
had seen and talked to Jesus after
his death II they had not so seen him
Verse 21-22 - Would there have
been natural death if there had been
no sin?
Would there have been any resurrec
ton of the dead, if Jesus had not been
resurrected?
Verses 23-2S-Was Christ the first
man to rise from the dead?
When will the general resurrection
be?
Will Christ finally abolish death
and destroy sin?
Has God put all the forces Of nature
under the control Of Jesus?
Lesson for Sunday, April IS, 1909
he Conversion of Saul. Acts TX: 1.3o.
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1909-04-09
Order of Publication.

State OF Michigan, County OF Shlawassee, IS.
AT session of the Probate Court fl
said county held at the Probate office 4
the City OF Corunna, on Saturday. the 10th da
OF March In the year one thousand min,
hundred and nine.
Present, Matthew Bush. Judge OF Probate.
In the matter Of the estate of Charlotte A.
Graves, deceased on reading ard fling the pc.
tition OF Hattie A. Fairfield, praying that
administration OF said estate may be granted
to the petitioner or some other suitable person.
1t Is Ordered. That the 10Th day OF April,
next, at ten O'Clock in the forenoon. at said Pro.
bate Once, be assigned for hearing said
petition
And 1t is further ordered that a copy OF this
order be published three successive weeks pre-
vious to said day OF hearing, In THE Owosso
TIMES, newspaper printed and circulating
In said County Of Shiawassee.
MATTHEW BUSH,
Judge OF Probate.
BY FLORENCE LINDSEY,
Probate ReQistar
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1909-04-09
Many Children Are Sickly.

Mother Grays Sweet Powders for
Children, used by Mother Gray, nurse
in Children's Home, New York, Break
upColds in "a hours, cure Feverishness,
Headache, Stomach Troubles, Teething
Disorders, and Destroy Worms. At all
druggists, 25c. Sample mailed FREE.
Address, Allen s. Olmsted, Leroy, N Y.
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1909-04-09
Hopeless.

I'VE wish. madam, to enlist your aid
In influencing your husband for the
public good. He holds the key 70 a
very interesting situation aud
IL don't see how can be ,,f any as
sistance to you. John never could find
q keyhole. Houston Post.
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1909-04-09
ITALIANS SHOW APPRECIATION

For Them Following Earthquake.
Ex-President Meets King Victor
Emmanuel - Views Ruined City,
Then Sails Away For Africa.
Messina, April Theodore Roose-
Welt and King Victor Emmanuel met
Tuesday on the Italian battleship Re
Umberto in Messina harbor. The
meeting was characterized by the ut
most cordially, and the king took the
occasion to express the gratitude Of
himself and the Italian people for the
generous assistance OF the American
people to the earthquake sufferers.
At the close Of the interview Mr..
Roosevelt went ashore and inspected
the ruins of the city, the desolation
of which moved him strongly. He
then boarded the steamer Admiral,
which, just at sunset, hoisted her an
chors and proceeded on her way to
Mombasa.
The Admiral arrived at Messina
about 2 o'clock in the afternoon and
was saluted by the Re Umberto, with
the king on board, which reached here
In the morning.
Warmly Greeted.
The king met the Roosevelt party
at the head of the gangway. and he
greeted the ex-president effusively,
shaking him warmly by the hand He
did not wish. he said, to allow the
opportunity to pass OF making the
personal acquaintance of so distin-
guished a man.
The conversation referred mostly
to the hunting trip to Africa. After
more than half an hours conversa-
ton, the king accompanied his guest
ashore, where photographs were made.
Mr.. Roosevelt snapped picture of his
majesty, Admiral Mirabello Kermit
and Ambassador Griscom. amid much
laughter. The king did not accompany
the party over the ruins. Mr.. Roose-
welt was charmed with the courtesy Of
the king and declared that 1t was the
most interesting half hour he had spent
since he left the United States.
The inspection OF the ruins then be-
gan. In the American quarter Mr..
Roosevelt congratulated the American
workers on the speed with which they
had constructed the huts. In the hut
where the American workers made
their headquarters glass Of wine
was offered to Mr.. Roosevelt, who,
raising the glass, said:
II drink to all the men Of whatever
nationality who have worked and are
working to relieve what befell the
Sicilian people," The people OF Italy,
he added, would have energy enough
to rebuild Messina, but it was work
for Titans.
Roosevelt Deeply Moved.
The ex-president's departure from
the city to go aboard his steamer was
marked with scenes that moved him
to emotion. Although it was raining
heavily by this time, the people gath
cred in crowds. The women kissed
their hands to him; the children threw
flowers in his path, and the men
cheered wildly. 1t was a spontaneous
greeting 10 one who had been their
friend. Turning to one of the mem
bers of his party, Mr.. Roosevelt said:
81 AM proud and glad as an Ameri-
can citizen that my country could do
something to help this immense disas-
ter, for which even all the assistance
in the world would be insufficient
The steamer Admiral left Naples
soon after midnight, and after so
strenuous day the ex-president was
not long in seeking rest.
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1909-04-09
To Break in Now Shoes ALWAYS Use

Aliens Foot Ease, powder. 1t pre-
vents Tlghtness and Blistering, cures
Swollen, Sweating, Aching feet. At
all Druggists and shoe stores, csc.
Sample mailed FREE. Address, A. S.
Olmsted, LIE Roy, N. Y.
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1909-04-09
OAsToRIA.
R.s,.a. ,He Kind You Have Always Bought
Signature Of &N2zIAz
The Mean Part.

Phil o. Sopher-Don't worry, old
man. Chickens always come home to
roost you know. Discouraged Friend
Yes, after they have laid their eggs
IN some other fellows barn. Judge
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1909-04-09

zema that had annoyed me long time
The cure was permanent" Hon. s. W.
Matthews. Commissioner Labor Stats
tics, Augusta, Me. q
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1909-04-09

Among life's ups and downs the most
annoying are keeping expenses down
and appearances up. - New Orleans
Times Democrat.
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1909-04-09
Erenxied Arithmetic.

Teacher-Now, Tommy, IL your ia.
ther had twenty dozen eggs in his
store and found that eighteen Of them
were bad. how much would he lose?
Tommy-Nothln'. You don't know pa.
Pathfinder.
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1909-04-09
The Retort Direct.

"See here" cried the artist, who
come to complain about the mater
he had bought, II can't imagine a
thing worse than your paints"
That's strange" replied the deakr.
Don't you ever use your imaginatpn
on your painting?'-Exchange.
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1909-04-09

The Prizes.
First Series-A gold medal to each
of the first five contestants.
Second Series-A silver medal to
each of the next five contestants.
Third Series-A Teachers Bible
price $3.50 to each of the next five
contestants.
Fourth Series-The book "The
Heart of Christianity" price $3.50
to each Of the next thirty-five con-
testants.
Firth Series-A developed mind,
an expanded imagination, a richer
experience and a more profound
knowledge of the Bible and of life, to
all who take this course whether
winning any other prize or not.
Each medal will be suitably en-
graved, giving the name Of the win
ner, and for what it is awarded, and
in like manner each Bible and boon
will be inscribed
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1909-04-09
Or. G. McCORMl
Physician, Surgeon, Etc.

Special attention given to the treatment OF
disease by means OF Electricitv. Rheumatism
Neuralgia, Lumbago, Sciatica and number Of
Nervous Diseases readily yield TO this form o.
trettmeut,
w CO md Residence, No cco East Exchange
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1909-04-09
a Book for Farmers

The Michigan Farm Laws" which
THE TINES is furnishing to all its sub
scribers, old and new, is the great law
book for farmers. Get it now. See
our offer on another page of this~Iap
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1909-04-09

Impure blood runs you down-makes
you an easy victim for organic diseases.
Burdock Blood Bitters purifies the
blood-cures the cause-builds you up.
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1909-04-09
'n's-nati"nai Newspaper .eIbls Study
Class.

Persons may join the club at any
time during the year. but must, OF
course, answer the SO questions
hereinafter explained, to qualify for
the prizes. 1t Is, however, desirable
that the questions. be answered as the
lessons are studied.
Mexico Missouri message. (Mexico, Audrain County, Mo.) 1899-1918, 1909-11-18
Mrs. Morris Funeral.

The body of Mrs. p. NJ. Morris.
whose death in California was
mentioned in these columns last
week, arrived in Mexico last Sun-
day morning for burial. The hus-
band, p. NJ Morris and son. Roy
Morris, accompanied the body.
Funeral service was held at the
Methodist church here Sunday
afternoon, conducted by Revs.
w. \. Hanna, J. o. Edmonston
ID c. NJ. Bishop.
Many Borrowing friends attend
ed the funeral. The deep love for
the deceased by her friends wa
attested by the large and beauti-
ful floral offering. The interment
was in Emwood cemetery. TIL
pallbearerS were S. p. Emmons
John w. Howell, p. II. Cant, r.
\. Calhoun, J. II. Sallee and John
j. Steele.
Mexico Missouri message. (Mexico, Audrain County, Mo.) 1899-1918, 1909-11-18
Mrs. Steele Dead.

Mrs. Lucy Steele, Is years Of
age, formerly a resident of Mex
leo, died at her home in Bonneville
Of heart f lure last Sunday. The
body W. shipped to this city
Monday for burial, Rev. w. NJ.
White holding funeral services at
the Christian Church here. The
pallbearers were John Abbay, VIM.
Mason, John Winscott, Y. j.
Kelso. $. NJ. Locke and Geo.
Azdell.
Deceased is survived by one
son, VIM. NJ. Steele, who has been
head engineer for the Bonneville
Water Works for some time. Mrs.
Steele was a good mother and
Christian woman, and such are
always sadly missed in the world,
Mexico Missouri message. (Mexico, Audrain County, Mo.) 1899-1918, 1909-11-18
Mexico People at Moberly.

A special train yesterday car
ried a large number Of Mexico
Sunday school workers to the
State Convention now in session
at Moberly. A squad of Bible
men formed and marched two-a-
breast around the public square
and then to the train. The lady
delegates were in evidence BY
large numbers also.
Mexico Missouri message. (Mexico, Audrain County, Mo.) 1899-1918, 1909-11-18

Mr.. and Mrs. Charles Bucknrr
gave a coon hunt for the pupils Of
Hardin College last Friday night
They visited Frank James and
H. p. Warden's farms and had the
luck to bag a small amount of
game. They stopped at Liberty
school house where they enjoyed
a fine lunch at three O'Clock i'm
the morning; then slowly vending
their way hOmeward.
Mexico Missouri message. (Mexico, Audrain County, Mo.) 1899-1918, 1909-11-18
Dry Goods, Hosiery, Underwear
at rock bottom prices.
FredeRdaIl & wilkins.

Some mischevious busy body
tied wire across the street near
Mrs. Luther Saunders home last
Thursday evening and Mrs. Saun-
ders in passing up the street was
caught and thrown by the wire,
suffering a broken arm. 1t was a
mean trick and the perpetratpf
deserves punishment.