Arizona republican., 1909-11-10
MR. MORALES STUDY 0F THE CITRUS PEST
THE REPSRT OF THE lCOMMIS
 SLOWS ENTOMoloGIST.
The Result of His Researches in Flor.
 ida and California.

-A fizona Horticultural Commission. has
 just submitted lengthy report of an-
 chronological conditions in the territory with recommendations concerning the work of the commission The report
 is prepared with special reference to lmatters requiring the consideration at the November meeting of the commis- sion.
 It deals fully with conditions in
 the territory. affecting all kinds of
 crops but that part of it relating to
 the citrus industry is just now of the greatest interest. especially that part iOf it bearing upon citrcus pests in Florida and California. where the nursery stock of this territory is ob- tained
 The report says: The entomoIogist
 is familiar with the situation as re- gards pests of citrus in all parts of
 Florida. The purple scale. the soft
 scale. the rust mite and the red spi-
 der are so generally distributed throughout the state that every nur- 1 sery must be considered infested
 with these pests. The citrus white fly. mealy bug. long scale and Flor ida red scale are found in all sections
 of the state where citrus trees are
 grown, but these do not at present infest all nurseries. The spotted lwinged white fly, closely related to the citrus white fly infests citrus
 groves in less than ten per cent of the citrus growing area: the orange chionaspis is very destructive but , rarely met with; the Foriidawax and laor rI.
 but not of common occurrence. There is no section of the state of Florida or Louisiana or Texas, from which nursery stock might be shipped from
 which there is no danger of introduc-
 ing the purple scale, rust mite. red spider. long scale. Florida red scale, citrus mealy bug and the two species of white fly"
 Regarding the pests in California
 where the entomologist spent two weeks recently, he says regarding the distribution of pests, his information coming from the superintendent of the state insectray. from members of various county agricultural com
 missions. and others:
 Nearly all the citrus pests occurring in California are found in San Diego county. These pests are known by the following common names: purple. California, red, yellow, black, soft and cottony cushion scales, citrus
 mealy bugs, silver mite red spiders and six spotted spiders. Orange, Los Angeles and Ventura counties have all of these pests. except possibly the sil- yer mite. Riverside and San Bensr- dino counties by means of efficient inspection service and quarantine against the other counties have sue ceeded in remaining comparatively free from these pests, only the Cali fornia red. the yellow and the black scales being known to these counties. The importance of these three scales is such however, that San Benardino county alone maintains fumigating outfit of 800 tents valued at s25.000 and in addition there are several hun dred tents in private outfits.
 The citrus thrips. which are all ready established in the Salt River valley cause very heavy loss in Tu lare county. The entomologist spent two days in examining nurseries and citrus groves near Porterville. Lind sey and Exeter in Tulare county, but no evidence of the presence Of any scale was found. The yellow scale is reported on good authority as oc- curing in Tulare county. but the re- port has not been verified. As far as Southern California is concerned there arc unquestionably sections in Riverside. San Benardino and LOG An geles counties from which the citruc stcck might be Shipped to Arizo1;' without endangering the citrus indus try lcre To define these sections. hJsc' CT. would be impossible and with serious pests established within the county limits in any case it would be unsafe to rely upon any inspec- tions to exclude infested stock. Tulare county may be regarded as probably without danger since the citrus thrips the only pest recognized as established there is also present in the Salt River Valley. The verifica- tion of the reported occurrence of the yellow scale in Tulare county. how ever. would put this county with the | of southern California in re- gard to the point of safety"
 On the subject so often discussed | the ability of pests to survive in this | climate. the report says: The exper- | fence in California conforms to the l experience elsewhere as showing that | all supposition as regards the ef- feet of certain climatic conditions on | particular species of insect are worth less: further that insects possess a | high degree of adaptability to eli matic conditions. which enables them to become serious pests sooner or later in places where at their intro duction they were barely able to maintain themselves. The black and the purple scales have been shipped into the Salt River Valley and the in