Semi-weekly herald., 1909-06-14

4
in fear of the man. Through this ,he
police hope to solve the mystery.
Meantime they held as Witnesses
several homeless men who spens the
night under Brooklyn bridge and who
found the missing head today.
| WASHINGTON. June 11.--Dulius
| the year 1908, the steam and electric
railroads of the United States pur'
chased more than 112,000.000 cross |
ties. costing, at the point of purchase,
over 56,000,000. an average OF hity
| cents per tie, according to statistics
Just made public by the bureau OF
the census in cooperation with the
United States forest service. This was
some 4O.0O0,000 ties less than the
quantity purchased in 1907, when the
4 total was approximately I53.700,e00,
the highest ever recorded. The de
creased purchases in 1908, were, OF
course, chiefly due to the business de
preston which affected every line ni
Industry This forced most of the
: roads to purchase only the ties which
we're absolutely essential for renewals,
and heavily cut down the purchase for
new track. In 1908 only 7,431. .Ooo
cross-ties were reported as purchased
: for new track as against 23,557 900 in
1907. or the total number of ties
purchased for all purposes. the steam
roads took approximately 94 per cent
leaving about 6 per cent for the eiec-
tric roads.
: II is very interesting TO note the
wide range of woods used for cross
l ties. The preliminary report by the
census bureau lists separately fifteen
classes or species OF these the oaks
are now and have always been by far
the most important. The oak ties
amounted TO more than 4s,OOO,OOo, or
+ 4s per cent of the total quantity pur-
y chased. Next TO these ranked the
II southern yellow pines, with 2l,5o0,ooo
e or 19 per cent of the total. 1t Will
II he seen that the oaks and southern
q mines combined furnished nearly
e three.fourths of all the ties bought by
e the railroad companies last year. Ce
dar and chestnut supplied more thai
5000. 900 ties each, and Douglas fiji
u nearly as much. About 400O,0oO tam
II arack ties were purchased, nearly ),
II 500 900 cypress ties. and, in rounc
a numbers. 100000 each of western
Z pine and hemlock. Redwood, white
p pine. lodgepole pine, gum, beech
't | al nth hs
e. used in small quantities
g While the oaks, and particularly The
n white oaks. have always been the pre-
III ferred woods for cross-ties and Still
n form a large proportion of the total
"a the increasing prices which the road'
AZ have had to pay for satisfactory oai
Is ties are forcing them to look more ant
more for substitutes. This accounts
IL in part for the great variety of woods
III reported White oak, untreated, make
III tie which gives excellent service
or for many years, but it has been foun'
VI possible to take woods which natii
ie ally are not durable. give them
u [, eatment with either creosote or zin'
| WHICH VIII pieNthA N'N"N
al and thus get much longer service from
'e them than can be secured from un
III treated oak ties Among the woods
Ai which have been most largely treat
ID ed so far are the yellow pines, par
tioularly loblolly pine. Douglas fir
g western pine. and lodgepole pine.
" This years statistics adds to th'
ie list two kinds of cross.ties which pre-
Us viously had not been reported in sufh
II cient quantity to justify listing then
'e separately. These are gum and beech
3 The purchases of gum ties in 1905
vi exceeded 26O,000, while but slight!
~ more than $4,000 of them were re
" ported in the previous year. OF beecl
ties. the purchases in 1908 amounted
s. to nearly $4,000. against but little
h' more than 1000 In 1907. These are
woods which are distinctly not suita
ie BILE for cross-ties unless they are givef
" pi eservative treatment Their increas
III ed use. therefore, is one of the man.
results of the progress of wood pres
Il ervation in the United States. Foi
SO many years beech has been one o
the principal cross-tie woods in Eu
y rope, where its value when given
III chemical treatment was long ago rec
Is ognized. 1t is not uncommon for i1n
III ropean roads to secure from twenty
u to thirty years service from beeci
a cross-ties. Untreated they would no
T. last long enough to warrant their use
at ali.
- ROCKPORT. Ky, June 11.--Charget
! with the murder of the father of the
y girl he is alleged TO have betrayed
e Clay Smith, aged 20 years, and mar
!" rled, is held in the Muppenberg jail
guarded by score of officers, as the
d citizens have declared they will lynch
81 him.
e In the adjoining cell, named as an
\ accessory of the murder, is Bessie
n kimble, aged 10 years, whom Smith
II is said to have i'll treated.
# On the night OF May 10, NJ. j. Kim