davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington herald., 1909-07-04

the aeroplane shed one day last week A
man came Up 10 Orvine Wright. intro
duced himself. explained that he had a
flying machine he wanted 10 try. and
asked II. he might have the use OF the
starting derrick Orviue said certainly 4
his machine was not an infringement OF
the Wright patent The man was sure Il
wasn't There was no doubt about IT, en-
Jirely different Finally 20 prove II he
showed Orvnle a drawing
Orvine placed his finger on one point II
the drafting
There you are" he said There IS a
surface used 20 regulate lateral balance
The patent on that is ours
Orviue asked him II his machine was
patented. he said FL was. Orviue asked
him where he Eo- the patent
Well. 7 don't know anything about
patents myself. said the man. but Z
showed my drawings 20 a patent attor-
ney and he fixed IL Up for me-
The man did not use the Wright broth
ers' starting derrick
The wing tip principle IN the Wright
machine is very little understood. In
what understanding there Is Of il. the
gradations are Ike the tones OF a circus
CalliOpe fOr fertility. one man watching
the machine fly at Fort Myer last Thurs
day said IN al seriousness that the up
and-doVn movement OF the ''peSky thing
was regulated by throwing out ballast. "
or picking q up. che might have added.
They don't come Ike that very often,
though.
BY those who watched the aerOplane
being pUI together the water cooler was
called everything from a medicine chest
10 a folding bed for trips az night. Pass
ing through the ranks OF those who have
a general idea that the planes IN skim
ming through the air are given an up
ward kick. there are others who have ar
rived al some sort OF an idea Of the
warping OF the surfaces They are on
the trail
Like Propeller Blades.
As a matter OF fact. the two large
planes are living. sinUous things. cspa-
bic OF being twisted by touch on the
levers into a surface having the form of
a propeller blade. The surface Of a pro
peIer blade is called a helicoid by the
The Washington herald., 1909-07-04

such a circle is 1l3 square miles. nearly
twice as great as that Of the District Of
Columbia
In other words. II an aeroplane COM
menced 20 glide from q point one mile In
the air. and over the center Of the Dis
trict, IL could choose its landing place
anywhere in the District, or over the
border in Maryland OF Virginia. Descent
against the wind would be even easier
than descent with IL. since the wind has
a sustaining effect, operating exactly like
an equivalent speed produced by the pro-
pellers. In coming down against the wind
the angle Of slant could therefore be de-
creased. and the point Of landing removed
% a greater distance
Flights Of such a height have not been
attempted by the Wright brothers up 10
the present time This fact Is right IN
line with their policy Of not trying more
than one new thing al time The more
one sees Of their consistent adherence TO
this tpolicy, the more one. realizes. the al
most infinite variety OF things they may
stU accomplish They are holding back
a lot Of little brain sprouts. growing nice
ly. 3hat have never seen the light OF
publicity: and 2 lot OF seeds that G-e
waiting for a chance 10 be planted
Went Up 3GO Feet.
The highest level reached by the Wright
aeroplane so far was tapped by Wilbur
IN France. He went 70 a height Of about
$50 feet. Orville's record is 500 feet made
at Fort Meyer in the tests last fall.
Either one has any other record made by
a heavier-than-alr machine beaten with
plenty 20 spare. The worlds record for
time IN the air was made by Wilbur.
in France, when he STAYED up two hours
ard Jwenty-one minutes, by the official
The Washington herald., 1909-07-04

Myer, Orville's position indicated that
he had thrown out his arm 10 prevent the
army man from jumping.
If what you say about the effect Of
the frame IS true" I asked. why was
the fall in the accident last September so
deadIy?'
Must Control Steering.
Il have never said" replied OrviIe
that there IS no danger when the steer
ing apparatus goes wrong, which is what
happened then. There may not be dan
ger. I believe from the way the machine
acted, and the nature Of the accident tc
the upright steering planes. that If We
had been fifty feet farther from the
ground. we should have landed without
injury 10 Either Of us. and probably not
10 the aeroplane. But II the steering
mechanism gets badly out OF order, it is
question
However. we have eliminated the pos
sibiIity Of such an event as Ear as il Is
possible 20 eliminate anything Of that ma
ture. in aeroplaning OF IN anything else
The condition that allowed that accident
70 happen has been entirely corrected,
and we can think Of nothing else in rea-
son that can affect our steering appar-
atus."
Can Find Landing Place.
Figures Of wonderful possibilities were
brought out in the discussion Of a des-
cent. without power. from a high altitude.
Starting from the fact that in gliding
down the distance forward is six times
the distance down. Il is seen that if the
machine were one mile in the air when
the engine stopped II could get 10 the cir
cumference Of q circle Of six miles radius.
or twelve miles diameter. The area Of
The Washington herald., 1909-07-04
SECRET OF THEIR SUCCESS
FOUND IN THE WING TIPS

The patents issued 10 the Wright broth
ers in this country and Europe were the
subject OF the next question There are
a number OF them. applying TO different
features OF the machine, but especially
70 the fundamental principle Of warping
the main planes 20 obtain lateral equi-
Iibrium. II Is here that the genius Of the
inventors has found f0rm-in an sppar-
ently simple method OF twisting the cor
ners up and down. To the casual eye
II looks Ike a mere matter Of pulling
few wires. and changing slightly curved
surface Of cream colored canvas stretched
over wooden ribs. But in those wing tips.
as the rear corners Of the main planes
are called. IS shrOuded the secret men
had tried FOR generations 70 discover. be-
fore the Wright brothers got an idea and
The Washington herald., 1909-07-04

count. AT that. he came down a minute
OF two later because the sun had set and
By the rules Of the contest no time was
counted after that He had gasoline
enough then 10 keep him up a half hour
longer
In the tests to be held az FoEt Meyer
IN the near future 90 qualify for the gov
ernment contract. enough gasoline viii
be carried in the tank. by the terms Of
the specifications, for a flight OF - miles.
which al the rate of forty miles an hour
means an excursion Of more than three
hours. OrviHes record OF one hour and
fourteen minutes was made here Sep
tember = last, a few GAYS before the
accident.
River Falls journal. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1872-2019, 1909-07-15
The Rat Problem

The United States department of agri-
culture in a recent publication upon
1.-THE Rat Problem" assures us that this
rodent destroys annually S1O0000,00O
worth of grain. The statement is so as
founding that were it not vouched for
by experts in the biological survey little
credence would be given it. These scien-
tific men. however, have made an ex-
haustive study of the rat and they are
quite serious in urging an active cam
'paign to rid the country of this pest.
The most common and destructive
member of the rodent family is the Nor
way rat, which has been carried in ships
to the furthest corners of the earth, and
has multiplied wherever it has landed.
Rats live on most anything that man
eats, but they are especially fond of
grain. These rodents are also destruc-
tive in killing young poultry and steal
ing eggs, and the pollution Of food
products causes as much loss as that
which they consume.
Their fecundity is remarkable. It is
well, therefore, to call public attention
to these facts as an incentive to renewed
warfare against the pests. Among meas
ures suggested for their determination is
the reduction of their food by the dis
posal of garbage and the better protec-
ton by use of concrete of our food sup
plies.-Buffalo Commercial.
River Falls journal. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1872-2019, 1909-07-15
MACHINE PLUcKs POULTRY.
East Orange Inventor Has One That
Makes the Feathers Fly.

Theodore G.. Griggs of 1O1 North Fiji
teenth street. East Orange, is the in
ventor of q fowl-plucking device, which
poultry raisers who have inspected it be-
lieve will fill want in the industry.
Other machines have been invented to
do the work which Griggs provides for
in his machine, but none has heretofore
been anything more than an interesting
piece Of machinery, with little practical
worth.
Griggs departs from the lines followed
in other machines and introduces an en-
tirely new method. The fowl to be
plucked is placed on an endless travelling
belt and carried through a series of I'm
gers, which are so arranged that they go
over the entire bird, plucking it clean of
feathers. The danger Of tearing the skin
is avoided by the simple expedient of
having the fingers clutch only few
feathers at time. The size of the bird
is no factor whatever. 1t will stay in
the machine until plucked, whether large
or small. A pneumatic tube carries
away the feathers as fast as they are
removed.
Griggs is a civil engineer, and never
raised a chicken in his life, but he no.
ticed few years ago, while visiting a
friend who runs poultry farm, that the
labor of removing feathers from the birds
was one of the chief items of cost in pre-
pairing the product for market. 1t is said
that the owner of one Of his machines
will be able to reduce his expenses by 20
per cent-New York Sun.
River Falls journal. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1872-2019, 1909-07-15
New EngIand,s Neglected Farms.

The farms of New England are only
half cultivated. / have Travelled in a
motor over miles of country not crossed
by railroads, and have found the shift
lessness of the farmer really appalling.
Not only are his fences in bad repair,
but his house and barns are in many in
stances tottering to their fall, and he
does not even take the trouble to keep
under cover such farming implements as
he may own. The despised ''city man"
comes along, and with his book farming
makes glad the waste places. He builds
anew, or rebuilds; he houses his tools,
takes proper care Of his live stock and
cultiyates the soil in a scientific manner.
He may not make farming pay the first
year that he tries it, but he will in time,
if he sticks to it and gives it the atten-
ton he would give to any other business.
The modern farmer, the man who makes
farming pay, is a scientist. The old
fashioned farmer got q living, such as it
was out of the farm, but the new-fash-
Toned one gets more than a living out of
the soil, and finds time to cultivate his
mind as well as his acres. I can imagine
few more enjoyable combinations than
that of farming and authorship. The
farmers busy season is in the spring and
summer and the early fall The long
winter evenings he can devote to writ
ing, and by an occasional run to town
keep himself in touch with men and
things.-Putnam's
River Falls journal. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1872-2019, 1909-07-15

The average Dutch town is an attract
i've place in the summer months, since
practically every street and canal Is
bordered with shade trees, which shut
ont the glare Of the sun and offer cool
and inviting avenues tor the exploration
Of the tourist. The banks of these ca
nails are generally terraced in two Levels
the lower one for warehouses and the
upper for shops or dwellings; but eacn
elevation is planted with trees. AT best
q city is an exceedingly poor location TOT
tree culture. Narrow Streets, with tan
buildings, exclude the life giving sun
light; asphalt or closely paved walks pre-
vent the necessary moisture from SINK
ing into the ground and nourlshing Units
ty roots, and leakage from the gas MAINS
is deadly poison to the growth Or aii
vegetation For this reason care should
be exercised in the selection OF the va
riety Of tree for street planting in order
to get the best results In Honano,
fine has demonstrated that the elm ana
linden should be placed in the hrst ranA,
for there are many examples OF these
snecies in Dutch towns which have with
stood the rayages of more than two CEN
turtles. The elm appears to De tne
harder of these two trees and VIII hve
under most adverse conditions.
The Dutch municipalities expend large
sums each year for the preservation OF
their shade trees, but the results amply
Justify the cost Of maintenance. In the
LAST wear the city of Utrecht taxed each
inhahitant 81 cents for its trees two ana
one-half Dutch cents equailng an Amer
lean cent, and The Hague spent ~
cents for the same pose.-HarperA
Weekly.
River Falls journal. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1872-2019, 1909-07-15
RETURN OF THE TOP HAT.
It's Regained Sway This Spring Among
London City Men.

''Top hats" says the English Gentle
woman, ''are on top again. 1t is not to
be denied that the silk hat has of late
years experienced a somewhat anxious
time. A succession of unusually hot
summers, aided and abetted by a fash
ion among business men for offending
city satorial tradition by going to theil
work in lounge suits and bowlers, to say
nothing the panamas, gave the silk hat a
very severe knock.
"This was made pretty plain by the
silk hat manufacturers meeting at the
White city last year, to protest against
our desertion of a tile by which they
themselves kept a roof over their heads.
But their troubles, if ever they were
very serious, are over now. The silk hat
has most surely come into it's own again,
and we shall hear no more, for some
years at least, of strawyard Ascots and
panama Goodwoods.
ut is now and will be during the sea-
son absolutely the correct thing for all
dressy occasions. All the best dressed
men both Of the west end and the city,
both of the club life and the office life,
have discarded their less formal hats and
taken very seriously to their silk hats
and morning coats. The excellent ex-
ample shown in this respect by the King
and the Prince of Wales Is having its eff
feet"
River Falls journal. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1872-2019, 1909-07-15
NEW WOODS FOR CALIFORNIA.
Eastern Hardwoods to Be Transplanted
to Pacific Coast.

The Pacific coast will soon be the
scene of an interesting tree growing eS-
pertinent. The United States Forest
service is planning to introduce number
of the more important eastern hardwoods
into California. and will experiment this
year with chestnut, hickory, Eastwood,
red oak and yellow poplar on tulip trees.
Small patches of these trees Will be
planted near the forest rangers cabins
on the national forests, and, If these 40
well, larger plantations on commercial
scale will soon be established on wider
arans.
There are more than 125 different spe.
cies of trees in California, a number or
which produce some of the most valuable
varieties of lumber in the country. Al
though considerably over one-half OF the
species are hardwood or broad-ieaved
trees, yet, with the exception of the eX-
otto eucalyptus, there is not q single spe-
cies of hardwood there ranking 10 COM
mercial Importance with the leading east
ern hardwoods. Climatic conditions IN
many parts of California are undoubted-
ly favorable for the growth of 4 number
of the valuable hardwoods, and the abb
sence of these trees is due mostly to un-
favorable factors of seed distributions.
If the experiments are successful,
valuable asset will have been added to
the forest resources of California, which
should prove of special benefit to the To-
cal furniture and vehicle industries.
River Falls journal. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1872-2019, 1909-07-15
Some Orchid Values.

If you had quite an ordinary orchid
collection you could take up one OF the
better bulbs that had Powered prettily
and go out and buy with the proceeds
of it's sale O. peachblow vase, a high
powered touring car or reasonably
safe and sane balloon.
London auction knockdowns recently
ran from so guineas to 29O and $40
guineas, and so on, and the highest
price, 875 guineas ($4500, was not for
q wild but for a garden hybrid, an Odon-
toglossum Crispum Rogers Sander" w.
Thompson of Walton Grange, Stafford
shire, realized from SO to $50 guineas
Tor from about $314 to $3.50 each) for
bulbs of duplicates" in his collection.
Last year a garden hybrid Cypripedium
went for the equivalent of $500, and
Brussels buyer paid $4360 for wild
Cooksoniae Crispum. Count Apponyi of
Budapest paid $4,000 to Venezuelan
for one Of a species SO gigantic that
oxen were required to convey it and the
section of tree to which it was at
tached. Because a Cattleya had vio-
let blue corolla instead of the violet
rose corolla Of its species its price
leaped $3.50. For. the Pittianum Of the
H. T. Pitt collection, small plant, the
high bid was $4,000. Mr.. Pitt himself
paid $1,000 for the celebrated imported
Persimmon Crispum. This had been
bought in open market, before Towering,
for sc cents. It is the plant that has
demonstrated how it can bloom that
costs dear For the spotted Crispum
Frederic Sander" Mr.. Pitt, after see
ing the bloom, paid 1000 guineas-near-
ly $1O,50O.-Franklin Clarkin, in Every
hodvsa
River Falls journal. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1872-2019, 1909-07-15
CONGREGATION Of One.

From a mission in Null with E40 q
year DR.. Cameron Lees went to one of
the remotest parishes in the Highlands
the parish of Carnoch-a shadow of a
congregation. The people had been all
swept into the Free church, and a hand
full only were left in the Moderate
Kirk" There on one stormy Sunday the
young minister preached to a congrega-
ton of one. The Gaelic service was the
first service of the day, and only one
man-Macrae by name-Macrae of Ach-
lorachan, the legend says-braved the
elements and came to the Gaelic service.
The minister went out and asked him to
come into the manse and wait for the
English service, but the Gaelic congre-
CATION declined. THE PROMISE" said
Macrae. SIS ELSEWHERE two or three
are gathered together in my name, and
where the two or three viii be, there too
will be the blessing; and I am one and
YOU are two-and we viii just go on
with the service" And the service did
go on, and the young minister preached
to the Gaelic congregation of one.-Lon-
don Globe
River Falls journal. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1872-2019, 1909-07-15
@MATUSHKA vOLGA.S
Melody of Sorrow and Unrest Heard in
Prison and Palace in Russia.

Melody of Sorrow and Unregt Heard in
Prison and Palace in Russia.
There is an air so popular in Russia
that 1t is even more familiar than their
national anthem to the people of that
great mysterious empire. I have heard
it In all parts of the Cars doninions,
from the Baltic sea to Bering Strait and
from Archangel to the Caspian; in the
gittering palaces of Petersburg and in
foul prison dens of Siberia.
1t is a simple melody in the minor
key, suggestive, like most Slav music Of
sorrow and unrest, and it is called MA
tushka" or Mother VoIga," as for some
cryptic reason every Russian, be he noble
or Nihilist, is taught from childhood to
regard this great river in the light Of a
maternal relative. Yet the river is full
of sad associations, for convicts formerly
travelled portion of the journey to ST.
IBERIA along its broad, sluggish stream.
/ can never forget the haunting sweet
ness of 'Matushka Volga" as [ heard it
sung on prison barge one quiet summer
evening by a party Of fettered politicals
banished to the great lone land of exile.
For Mother Volga" was their last link
with home and the loved ones they might
never meet again.
Fortunately the condemned are now
sent into Asia by the Trans Siberian rail-
way and the unhappy exile is spared at
least one bitter parting-that from his
well beloved Mother Volga. Travel
Magazine.
River Falls journal. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1872-2019, 1909-07-15
A Fair Exchange.

Americas sweet corn has been traded
for Roumania's little watermelons. Hor-
ace G.. Knowles, former American min
lister to Roumania, who is soon to start
for his new post as minister to Mica
ragua, consummated the transaction in
the interest of good living.
When Mr.. Knowles found the melon
about the size of grapefruit, growing
in the Carpathian foothills, he realized
that it would be just the thing to serve
individually in America. He obtained
q quantity of the seed and transmitted
it to the department of agriculture. The
little melons have been cultivated with
success at the government experiment
stations in those regions where huge
American melons are grown.
Having gained this desirable delicacy
from Roumania, Mr.. Knowles was anx-
ious to repay the gift. He noticed that
the people were utter strangers to sweet
corn. Accordingly he obtained seed for
this product from the department Of
agriculture, hired several plots of ground
himself, and instructed the Roumanians
in it's culture-Philadelphia Inquirer.
River Falls journal. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1872-2019, 1909-07-15

II one could rave q quoted softly that little
face OF hers
Painted upon background of pale gold !.
NO shade encroaching on the matchless
mould
OF those two lips. which should be opening
broke off. Her fingers trembled in
mine. and Were suddenly withdrawn.
With little. embarrassed laugh, she
thrust her book upon me. / gazed at it,
bevildered
''Se lie fazion che porti-" | read again,
and turned my eyes to the opposite page.
IF the features which thou wearest
be not false"
| looked up in amazement. The girls
lips were quivering humorously :.
| turned a page. Yes, no mistake.
Dante's Inferno, with the English YER
sion opposite the Italian.
''Well?" said the girl, softly.
| caught my breath. "You-you-are
English?''
She looked at me reproachfully.
Didn't you hear me say wasn'tT'
"Well. but"
Irish" said the girl
/ suppose / still looked puzzled.
Tit was too hot for anything" she
explained. further.-V. III. Friedlaender
in The Sketch.
River Falls journal. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1872-2019, 1909-07-15
FLOWERS KEPT BY FREEZING.
Method of Bringing to the North from
Tropical Regions.

Freezing flowers to keep them fresh is
d modern idea. They are picked in the
bud and preserved by refrigeration while
being transported. They can travel safe
~ in this way for several weeks. When
unpacked they are found free of dam
age and when placed in water and left
alone they slowly awaken and come into
full bloom.
1t appears that experiments are being
made in South Africa with view to
despatching them in this way in bulk
at the seasons when they are scarce else
where. The flowers undergo no deteri-
grafton from their treatment either in the
beauty of their color or in their longevity
after immersion in water. Curiously
enough growth suspended by refrigera-
ton appears to resume so slowly that
the blossoms thrive in a room for con-
siderably longer period than if placed
there Immediately after being cut in the
garden.
The process would also serve to intro
duce to our notice many beautiful menu
bers of the horticultural family with
which at present we are unfamiliar,
such plants as the gorgeous iris, which
grows wild in luxurious profusion in
South Africa, or those which abound on
the slopes of the Andes in South Amer
ica.-Chicago Tribune.
River Falls journal. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1872-2019, 1909-07-15
Rain English.

The English language has pitfalls for
others than our continental neighbors.
In illustration Of this an instructive
anecdote has recently been imported
from India. 1t is to the effect that when
a battalion of the Middlesex regiment
was ordered to take part In recent
ceremonial parade at Delhi the eoa com Z
with new boots. He accordingly teis-
graphed to a Calcutta firm: Send one
thousand pairs of boots for Middiesex
nv next train" Days passed and no
boots arrived. The colonels anxiety in
creased hourly. Just when he had be-
come almost frantic the Babu manager
in Calcutta sent him this telegram: Or
dor received. but not compreheDded.
Male sex / know, ditto, female sex; mid
die aex. however, not known. Please
send specimen" - Cosmopolitan Finan-