davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-09-28

boy understands neither the world moi
himself. Life becomes intense absorb
ing. Egotism is dominant trait BOZ
often resents advice, chafes under dis
cipline, longs for independence He /.
elated, with overlooking spirits, or swag.
gering ways. Then he reacts, and may
be lazy, indifferent, dull, morbid and de.
pressed. He is awkward, clumsy, over.
grown; no longer child, but not yet
man.
Much depends on his associations:
now. Good companions may do him
great good; bad companions may do him
great harm, Heis self-confdent or self.
distrustfu, serious or gay impulsive but
very thoughtful. He is inquisitive and
may be unreliable and troublesome, bui
he is never so easily influenced by indi-
rect and tactful control. The test of
fathers talent is to be able to deal witt
him in the right way.
At this time a boy may be inspired with
high feelings, noble impulses, manly vir-
tues. The best training teaches moral
responsibility, the sacrcdness Of man
hood, the duty of self-government. II
develops an earnest attitude toward the
most important questions of human life
The mere avoidance of evil is not
S.iobSh. liS ilSlieSl virtue, tine tTueSt
character, loves what is right and strives
for it.
The Value of Religious Training
A boys heart is more open to religion.
teaching in the middle teens than al
any other age Wrong methods will re.
pei him; he does not ike to be preached
at, but he yields to right influence.
1t is the age of hero-worshp and OF
forming ideals for imitation. The good
the true and the beautiful stir his soul
and imagination. The admiration that
his parents have for great and noble
lives and the qualities that appeal as
ideals of conduct will help to awaken his
enthusiasm and act as a guide.
In the teens a boy begins suddenly
to take an interest in the world Of
grown-up people. Ii father talks tic
his son about morals, life, human nature
education, business, current events. do.
mestie life and parenthood, he will be
surprised at the influence he can exert
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-09-28

A boy wants to be respected, con.
suited; wants to be considered an intel.
ligent individual, who can share view.s
and discuss things sensibly. He wants te
listen to the practical wisdom that ex
perience gives.
Learning the A B @ of Living
A careful father will caution his sor
to be temperate always advise him il.
regard to smoking, and tell him that it is
not manly to use profane or bad Ian.
guage.
A boy should learn that plain food
early rising, thorough bathing are essen
tial to hcalthful living.
Plenty of physical exercise and full
occupation of time are needed in thu
teens" Sports and athletics are usefu
in supplying an outlet for energy, beside.
giving. bodily strength and developing TIKI
mental and moral qualities -self-control
judgment, prudence, obedience and lead.
ership Loyalty and honor toward
group, or team" are fostered in com.
petitive games. Although no great mora
worth is realized at the time, these pur.
suits unconsciously help growth Of char.
! acter.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-09-28

1t takes time to talk over things. il
takes infinite patience, love and Justice,
but these are not too precious to give.
Cultivate the Boys Confidence
The evening may be the time for quiet
talks over the events or actions of the
day, although the larger part of the time
father has for companionship should
not be devoted to serious talks, or the
results would not be beneficial A wise
father Will not let a critical moral ex-
perlence pass, or a question of right and
wrong, without explaining the meaning
clearly to boys mind
a boys quarrel with another, an act of
injustice, cowardice, meanness, revenge,
seltlshness, whether on the part of the
boy or OF another person, may be an OPP
portunlty Tor a strong lesson The high
qualities of self-command, fair-dealing,
courage, generosity, may be shown as
belonging to a manly character. The
thinking and reasoning powers of boy,
as well as his moral nature, may thus be
developed.
Sunday a Day of Companionship
Sunday is day of opportunity for a
father, who has more leisure then to be
with his son. If there is the habit and
duty of going to church regularly the
spirit of reverence for the day is fostered
and thoughts of the dignity of life may
be. instilled. The day should be one OF
brightness and cheer, not spent in care
less dawdling
1t depends on the father whether the
early sense of dependence in the boy
may become so truly affectionate that the
fathers authority is recognized as re-
curing loving obedience and entire re-
spect. A good father will often be as a
brother to his son, as the years go on,
although the parental authority is never
lost. There will be perfect mutual con
tldence, the understanding of each other
without explanations, and, as the son
grows toward young manhood, this
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-09-28

strong bond of love and trust becomes
more beautiful and sacred.
The Critical Years
Between the ages of fifteen and twenty
a boy needs close attention Very sound
wisdom is needed by a father in impart-
ing to his son the important things that
govern his physical and moral life. 1t
is fathers serious duty to warn him
against dangers and temptations and to
save him from brooding, morbid
thoughts. Although it is unwise to look
upon adolescence as difficult problem,
provided boy has been carefully
trained it is true that with it comes a
great change, moral, mental and physical.
Character, tastes, temperament are in a
variable condition.
Parents often fail to recognize the
needs and perils of these critical years,
yet the very foundations of morality,
character and health, the very founda-
tons of domestic and social life, depend
on the proper direction of a boy at this
time. There is no standing still. A
boy must either advance or deteriorate
1t is the age Of rapid alterations of mood
The world seems strange and new, and
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-09-28

across the bottom of the waist. Slip
stitch the overlapping front portions at
the under-arm seam, making short
stitches through both outside and lining,
the stitch being concealed on the outside
OF the. waist by running it inside the
,fold-edge at the turned-under edge
The. small plaits at the back may be
slip-stitched in the same manner from
the bottom of the waist to one inch
above the waist-line, though if there are
not more than two or three on each side
they are often finished by featherstitch-
ing on each with buttonhole twist of the
same color. The plaits at the front will
not need to be held in this way, but the
drapery should be tackled to the lining
along the row of pins that were placed
at the front dart-seam
Slip-stitch the front edges of the
drapery to the lining as far as the bust.
Rip the shoulder seams of the lining
(Which have been only basted), haste
the material to them and haste again in
the same place, but with the outer ma
teral included. Stitch, then slash each
seam, that it may open fiat; bind or over
cast the edges to correspond with the
other seams of the waist and press open.
Turn the lower edge of the waist dra-
perry over the already-turned edge of the
lining and haste.
Using Sleeve Forms
Sleeve forms of papier-mache are
manufactured, or the sleeve lining may
be padded with paper to give the effect
of any puffs or frills there may be. An
other way is to fold the sleeve lining
fiat along the front or inside seam Law
cover will do), mark closely around it
with pencil and cut out the shape Slip
this inside each lining before draping the
outer portion upon it. The way the
sleeve is placed in the armhole is a very
important matter.
Where the Sleeve Should be Placed
The usual position for the front seam
of the sleeve. ON medium figure, is
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-09-28

really optional with the worker. Begin
at the top, raising the material high
enough to admit the seam into the
shoulder seam, if the waist is without
a yoke.
Drapo the Right Side First
Place the pins at the center-front from
the neck TO the bust-line, and allow the
drapery to overlap the edge of the lining
about one-eighth of an inch. Pin the
drapery to the lining around the neck
line to the shoulder. If it does. not fit
smoothly, do not trim it away, but make
several tiny slashes in the edge.
Smooth across the upper part of the
front toward the arnhole, pin there and
around to the under-arll1 seam; this por-
ton must be kept perfectly smooth and
well drawn down. As the material will
be somewhat bias, the stretching should
be done along the straight threads in the
goods. Place the pins little i'll front
of the under-arm seam in the lining, al
lowing enough of the drapery to extend
toward the back to permit seam to be
turned under, overlapping the raw edges
of the back drapery
Pin the lower edges Of the drapery to
the lining from the side to the dart seam.
Turn under the edge Of the front dra-
perry three-eighths of an inch, and pin
it over the raw edge of the back drapery.
Place the pins crosswise, and not more
than three quarters of an inch apart, as
the. material must be drawn quite tight,
to keep it smooth.
I. The fitness of the drapery at the front
OF the, waist should be drawn toward the
center-front in either plaits or gathers.
and pinned to the lower edge of the
lining according to corresponding
notches or perforations.
Blasting After Fitting
Remove the waist from the form and
if any of the pins have been taken
through into the cover be very careful,
after loosening them, one at time, to
replace them correctly in the waist.
Basic around the neck and armholes and
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-09-28

about three inches in front of the under
arm seam. In fitting the waist lining,
pin the sleeve to the armho1e, placing the
front seam at point that will bring it
slightly under the arm at the top and
at the wrist, on line with the thumb
when the arm is held out at the side with
the hand palm downward.
Pin the sleeve around, distributing the
fulness evenly in its proper position.
Stretch the arm out straight in front,
then bend the elbow and notice that the
sleeve is plenty long at its back seam,
and does not pull on the back of the
waist. When the correct length of sleeve
lining is secured, haste bias strip of
crinoline, about an inch and one-half
wide, around the inside at the wrist
and turn over both crinoline and lining
three eighths of an inch and haste
Seam the outer or drapery portion of
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-09-28

Begin the draping with the back. Fold
the outside portion through the center
lengthWise, and run with large stitches
Of basting thread along the edge of the
told, leaving line of stitches that, when
the piece is spread out, will mark the
center If the waist is to be gathered
tucked or plated, the outside sections
should be prepared in this way before
beginning to drape.
Begin at the Neck
Begin at the neck and shoulders: have
the center-mark even with the center
back seam of the lining, and the material
high enough to be caught in with the
shoulder seams of the lining-these are
the only seams in which the outer ma
terial is caught with the lining.
Pin the center-line to the center-back
seam of the lining down to the waist
line, placing the pins crosswise and about
two and one-half inches apart. If the
waist is made with yoke-the drapery
not reaching the neck and shoulders
the yoke outline should be marked on
the lining with basting thread and the
edge of the drapery placed a sealn-widta
(three-eighths of an inch) above it.
If the back is to be plain, smooth the
material across toward the armholcs and
pin; if it is gathered, distribute the full
ness correctly, according to any marks
there may be for that purpose. Pin
around the arnholes to the under-arm
seams and down this seam, letting the
raw edges lie flat over the seam in the
lining.
Gather at the Waist
Draw the extra fulness at the waist
toward the center back and pin it into
tiny plaits, pin in each, and as many
plaits as are necessary to dispose of it.
1t may be necessary to remove the pins
at the under-arm seams and rearrange
the drapery here, as it must be perfectly
smooth from the armhole edge Of the
back to the under-arrn seam.
1t is usual to drape the right side OF
the front before the left. though it is
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-09-28
DRAPING A WAIST
Successful Use of A Dress Form Assured

H N order to drape the outside por-
a tons of a waist on the lining it is
M advisable to place it on a papier-
- mache bust form. The draping may
be done on the person for whom
the waist is being made, or the drapery
and lining may be pinned together ac-
cordlng to the corresponding notches
and perforations before the waist is
tried on. Some materials stretch much
more than others, SO the latter is not
such satisfactory method. 1t will often
prove necessary, if the material is very
elastic, to make considerable alteration
IN the dFapery at the trying on.
he long, tiresome standing for both
the litter and the person being fitted is
avoided by using the bust form, not to
mention the greater convenience in
draping on form that may be placed
IN any position. The waist forms are
not expensive and are of such valuable
assistance to dressmaking that it is not
an extravaganza to afford one.
Using the Form
The lining should fit the papier-mache
form closely, and after drawing it on the
form it should be padded where neces-
sary to secure the size and shape of the
person for whom it is being made. lis
sue paper is best for padding, but even
newspaper will answer the purpose if it
be first crushed between the hands to
make it soft
Beside the forms that come in regu-
lation bust sizes, there are also extern
sion forms that may be made to any
size, doing away with much if not all Of
the padding and enabling one form to be
utilized for draping Innings of widely
different bust measures. The extension
forms are particularly desirable for a
dressmaker or for use by the several
members of one family
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-09-28

H.
the sleeve separate from the lining and
press the seams open, slashing them
where necessary to make them lie fiat
Turn the drapery under at the wrist, and
hem down facing of a bias strip oil
lining, wide enough to cover the inserted
piece of crinoline. Hem facing to the
lower edge of the waist and bind the
raw edges at the neck; do not turn
them in, but make the completed binding
about one-quarter of an inch wide.
Finishing the Collar
The collar should be finished separate
and slip-stitched to the right side Of the
neck of the waist, from the center-back
to the center-front Before facing, sew
three small hooks on the underside OF
the left end of the collar, and make
three buttonholed loops on the outside
at the right-hand end.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-09-28
FATHER AND SON

A dark green, almost black, stain was
used on the woodwork.
Father and Son
The father and husband is the home
builder i'll more senses than one, for on
him in equal measure with the mother
the up-bringing of the reasons of the
home depends. Too many fathers leave
the care of the children entirely to the
mother This should not be so. True
friendship and comradeship should ex-
lst between a father and his son.
theories of conduct, strict moral dis
c1pllne are not enough in boys train
ing. Unless there is warm mutual love
and close co1npanionship, unless a child
has grown into boyhood with the feeling
that his father is his friend as well as
his adviser and guardian, there will be
very little influence that will help and
there will be great danger. The more
boy loves his father and the less he
fears him, the more he will respect him
and the more enduring will be al
fathers power.
Most fathers feel that they have done
we'll by their children if they have won
for them food, clothing and shelter"
writes a man who is an authority on
moral education. what fathers need
to understand is that food, clothing, shell
ter, luxurious or simple, can never com
pensate to the child for the loss of the
fathers companionship that it would be
better for the child to get on with less
material comfort, and even suffer some
hardship, if by SO doing he could have
some direct contact each day with his
father, when the latter's helpful infu~
ence might be exercised over him."
Boys Ideal His Father
A boys ideal of faultless manhood is
naturally his father. He believes him to
be wiser, better than others. In child
hoods days he feels safe, happy, proud
when he puts his hand in his fathers
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-09-28

the space occupied by pantry will be
saved.
Value of a Couch Bedroom
In a small house, one of the bedrooms
should be furnished with couch instead
OF with the usual bedroom set. A couch
bed is very comfortable, and may be
concealed in the daytime with a couch
cover. With table and easy chairs, the
room thus becomes an upstairs sitting
room by day, and comfortable bed
room by night. The articles for the
toilet may be kept in a small dressing
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-09-28

frames and sash, this saving Just about
offsets the slight additional cost of the
plaster
Provision for Flowers
Flowers are so universally appreciated
nowadays, it seems wise to make some
architectural provision for them. This
cottage provides for two flower boxes,
built of timber covered with plaster,
and lined eight inches deep with galvan-
lied iron. One stands at the front steps,
and one forms the porch rail-
The latter, shaded most of the day BY
the overhanging porch roof has proven
an excellent place for ferns The gal
varlzed iron receptacle for the earth
should never be more than six inches or
eight inches deep, and a round hole in
the center of the bottom should be pro-
vided to drain off the excess of niois-
ture; with this precaution the earth will
remain sweet.
The cottage shown is stained golden
brown on the exterior woodwork, with
sash OF white, and old gold curtains at
the windows.
Simplifying Room Arrangement
In planning the rooms of a cottage
one must eliminate some of the features
OF more pretentious houses In such
design it is we'll to omit the ordinary
hall, and place the stairs directly in the
large room. If they ascend near the
front entrance, the second story can be
conveniently reached without undue dis
turbance in the living-room
The location of the chimney is i'm
portant, that it may contain the living
room fireplace, and at the same time
receive the fue from the kitchen range.
The latter has been accomplished in
this cottage by lowering the ceiling over
the passage behind the chimney, and
placing above it the tile flue from the
range. The fireplace has come to be a
really useful fixture in modern houses.
and is no longer merely ornamental.
Plenty Of Windows
It you wish to be comfortable the liv-
lng-room in your cottage must be large
and CHEEKY, with windows rather too
many than too few On the other hand.
the dining-room and kitchen NAV be
small, if they are only properly proper
toned
The size of an ordinary dining
table, plus space for chairs and serving
space behind the chairs, will establish a
satisfactory size for your dining-room.
With cases for food and china on the
walls your kitchen may be surprisingly
small in these days of gas ranges, and
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-09-28

HE small cottage ought first
a of all to be cottage like-that
III is to say, it should not pretend
to be other than it really is,
and everything in the design favorable
to cottage effect should be emphasized.
Let a long, low sweep of roof give the
right flavor to your home. x small
pudding with high roof line is usually
ooS,,like, and devoid of the subtle charm
OF domestic feeling.
Like most of the new frame structures
IN the middle west the cottage shown
here is covered on the exterior with
rough cast cement plaster Though not,
OF course, as permanent as masonry (by
reason of its timber skeleton), the plas-
ter-covered building is much more dur
able than shingles or siding, and as
paint is required only on the window
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-09-28
DINGY, frayed-out rug GER
tainly is not thing of beauty,
however handsome it may once

have been. Fortunately it is
often possible to brighten up and repair
such a rug and make it once more a
respectable piece of furnishing.
For Frightening UP the colors, get
ordinary package dyes in such colors as
may be needed, and two or three small
round camePs-hair brushes. Dissolve a
portion of each dye in a little boiling
water. to which a pinch of salt and a
spoonful of vinegar have been added
Clean the rug and lay it on a table, or
if large on a smooth floor. When all is
ready touch up the colors in the design
with the hot, strong dyes, using them
freely enough to permit them to pene-
trate well into the fabric, When this is
done, lay over the dampened portions a
dry cloth and iron until thoroughly drv.
This takes the place of boiling and helps
to set the dyes.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-09-28

hand and walks beside him. He believes
absolutely in what his father tells him.
The trust and confidence the boy gives
may well spur the father to noblest eff
forts in example and counsel.
A father who fulflls his duties enters
into the life of his boy with sympathy
and appreciation, tries to feel, think and
see as the boy does, and to understand
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-09-28

him. He never repels, never shows inn
patience about boys ever-recurring
questions. He tries to recall his own
boyhood and the experiences and impress
sions of the days when the heart and
mind were thrilling with the things which
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-09-28

striving for, the father has power to
help him that nothing else can give.
Ii a boy has done wrong he should
be met with patience, firmness, but kind
ness; should be reasoned with, rernon-
strated with, persuaded-never threat
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-09-28
Making a Permanent Pattern

Making Permanent Pattern
When one has only ones own gowns
TO make it is an excellent plan to make
and mt lining of stout, uilbleached mus
lin and place it on the figure to remain
permanently. The making of either
lined fancy waists or shirt-waists is very
much simplified by pinning or basting
them together and trying them on this
form, which really represents ones fig
ure The form is particularly valuable
IN this way when rernodeling; small
pieces that are apparently of no use NAV
prove, when placed upon the figure, of
decided value, beside suggesting a de-
sign for the waist.
1t happens sometimes that the quantity
OF material is limited, only pieces being
lett for the waist; some of these NAV
be applied to the lining to girdle depth.
While from others short jacket pieces
may be made and edged with fold or
piping. When only narrow pieces arc
available they may be Tapped, one over
the other, with the tapping edge turned
under to form plat, or the joining NAV
be concealed by a piping or strap of the
same material. Such work is really
practical experience in designing, apart
from its economic value in enabling one
to produce a costume from pieces that
seemed hopeless.
Allow for Padding
The form should always be bought one
size smaller than the actual bust meas
ure, and the lining should then be
padded until it fits closely. When new
gown is being cut, all the perforations
that relate to the draping of the waist on
the lining should be marked with a
thread Cut all the notches at the edges,
but be careful not to cut them in too
deep.