The Montgomery advertiser. [volume] (Montgomery, Ala.) 1885-1982, 1909-07-26

4
cent loss results from sand ana trasl
In the cotton seed, and that. after tn,
cleaning process. only 1900 pounds o.
the seed remain out Of the origina
ton as bought.
From the cleaners the seeds go :,
the gin. and the linters are taken off
The gin ts Q mechanism OF circular
saws and fine interstices. so that the
seed In passing through. 10 deprived
or every loose particle Of the cotton
A ton Of seed produces something less
than fifty pounds of linters--the
average amount of linters being from
forty to forty-eight pounds. sometimes
fifty.
BY means OF spiral screw about a
shaft. the useful old invention which
Archimedes failed to patent, the seed.
now cleaned of trash and iinters, Is
passed on to the hulling machines. In
the huiifns machine. cylinder, from
the surface of which great sharp
knives project into the interior. The
cutting surfaces are therefore to-
gether, and the seeds, forced between
the two while the inner cylinder re-
wolves, are cracked and cut so that the
huiis come from the kernel. ana the
first stage of the evolution is reached
The knives revolve rapidly. sometimes
fifteen hundred times each minute.
The seeds are not crushed. but are cut,
and the kernel extracted automatically.
by this most precise machine. Selves
are. operated in connection with the
hullers, and the seed, shaken upon the
surface. IL separated-the meat from
the hulis. The huils are taken through
one conveyer to the hull house, where
they are packed In sacks, not In the
uncertain bales as of old, ana their
time Of travel IL over.
The kernels, are passed along an
other conveyer to the rollers. where
they are crushed into sticky CON
glomeration The mass 10 cooked, In
great cylinders about which steam
plays for twenty minutes.
eecurfn9 Oil.
From the cylinder q portion Of the
mass II dropped into . mould. and the
mould 10 carried away to the press.
Fifteen moulds or cakes fill a press,
and then the pressure begins. Slowly
AMI gently at first It IL placed on, and
the oil seeps out. Then the pressure
increases 100, 200. 800. 1000 to 1000
pounds to the square inch, and the oil
Is pressed out that Is. all except z per
cent, which will remain in the cake
In spite OF all that the inventors can
do.
The cake. when taken out, il q
square. mealy substance, still oily with
the seven per- cent. Some OF the cake
is crushed into meal. while some OF
tall Of 1t in the case OF some OF the
mills--is shipped in its square form.
The crushers In which the cake Is
ground into meal is q short. stocky bit
OF machinery. which holds steel grin
ders inside. By the grinders. which
are operated by seventy-five horse
power. the cake IL transformed into
the brownish yellow cotton seed meal,
known to every stock man ami every
fertilizer man. The meal Is sacked as
1t is ground. or else carried to the fer
tilizer house for mixing with the I'm
gradients OF the 10-2-2 or other grades
Of commercial fertilizer.
The oil. squeezed from the cake in
the great press, is pumped. either to
the storage tank. in event the crude
Oil alone is produced, or to the refin-
cry as in the case at the Southern Cot
ton OIL mill. where much OF the oil is
refined
The oil. in the refining process, is
heated. The flash test is more than
400 degrees. so the project OF heating
the oil Is not as dangerous as would
appear.
When the heat attains 40, degrees
or thereabout. caustic soda is poured
in; and the impurities-so-ca called the
soep-stockt-is absorbed, and sinks to
the bottom Of the vat. The dark red
of the oil In the crude state becomes
the yellow Of the refined.
This Is filtered, to eliminate the re-
naming impurities. and with the fill
tration. the limit OF operations as pur-
sued in the Montgomery mills is reach
ed. At the larger refineries, however.
the oil is treated even more. and the
ultra refined substance Is clear and
colorless--the modern "Olive" oil, salad
dressing and the like.
The Montgomery mills market their
output from the yards. In few in
stances is the 1obber called in, though
the broker is an important factor in
the local trade. One local broker is
established, c. @. Hewitt.
Foreign Markets Best.
Strange to say. the foreign markets
across the water, are found more al
vantageous than the local markets. &C
cording to one local mill man. 1t is
not that the prices are Better there
than here, but because the State OF
Alabama has restricted the oil mill
man with stringent laws as to classifi-
cation, he said.
The low provides that all cotton
meal or cake possessing less than
per cent of ammonia must be tagged
low grade The mill man declared
that. no matter how excellent the meal
ID, the tag OF low Brdu0 D0Coubo Ol
the amount Of ammonia, cheapens II
to a great extent. and prevents ths
sale for a price such as It deserves.
Again. the foreign field IL the best
for the oil because there exists ar
undeniable prejudice among Southern
people against the product of theil
own fields. a prejudice which bids
them eschew the cotton oil products
for cooking. eating or medicinal pur'
poses. This prejudice is disappearing
under the influence OF the products
themselves, which stand the test o.
any assault, ana under the infiuenc'
of the strenuous system OF education
which the cotton oil mill men hav'
lnaugurated. Advertising. demonstra
lions. free offerings have. been thrus
upon the people. and through 1t al
the reputation of the oil products fol
sanitation wholesomeness and palata
bIeness is maintained.
The marketing Is not the problem
that besets the oil mill men, however
That IL no problem. for the mqrke'