The Montgomery advertiser., 1909-03-07

of the French Geoffroi became changed to ] so often in England. The Breton form of the personal name as Janrex- The Provencal of Southern France slso has Jaffre, but this is more remote.
 With this change of initial we ma A group of surnames that are patrony- mics from the personal name hence tn- dicating each a son of Geonrey. In this group, without patronymic sunk, we find the names Jenery. Jeneray' Jefferey, Jeffree. Jeffrey. Jeffrie. Jeff fry. with the addition of the genitiv- al sufiix "s" we have Jefferfes, Jeneris. Jefferiss. Jenereye. Jsnreys' !ennes ea gives us Jefferson and Jenreson and the hypocoristic Jefr gives us Jen. Jeffs and Jenes.
 The forms with the initial "J" appear to be later than the Hundred Rolls or 1273 and are rare also on the fork- shire Poll Tax List of. 1879, They are now the prevailing forms of all sur names derived from Godfrey.
 The several variants, however. have an interesting range. Jefferson ana Jeffreson are practically confined 10. the North of England. and their spe- ciaI seat is In Cumberland and West moreland, and there Is a secondary seat in the North and East Rfdings of yorkshire, Jeffs is rare outside of Cheshire. Jeffrey is also rare and characteristic of Cornwall. Jefrery has It's widest ranges in Dorsetshire. Wiltshire. Devonshire and Somerset shire. Jefrerys Is at home in Wiltshite and Jeffries in Suffolk. Jeffreys is found most in Wiltshire and Mon mouthshire and Jefferies Is the leading variant for South England in general.
 The origin and meaning of these va rious. names will. of course, be that given under Godfrey and Goeffrsv above.
 Leavenworth Levenworth-
 In spite of various attempts to ex- plain the surname Leavenworth now as an importation from Germany and now as a Celto-Saxon hybrid. it is of the purest Anglo-Saxon throughout
 Few names in the later Anglo-Saxon period of England stood higher in pop ular esteem than Leofwine, "the be- loved friend" More than eighty per- sons of this name are known from con- temporary records and are listed in the "Onomasticon." The great majority of these belong to the Tenth and EleV- enth Centuries.
 An earlier Leofwynn was a seventh century martyr A Leofwine Tn the next century accompanied St. Boni- face on his miss to the Frtsians and converted many of the heather on the banks of the Weser
 One of the later Leofwines was the son fEarl Godwine and the brother of King Harold. It was he that com manded at Stamford Bridge in 10So. Many others were nobles or ecclesias- tics of high degree.
 While Leofwine was the prevailing form of the name, there were In those days of fluid orthography many vari- ants, such as Leofwynp, Leofwynne, Leofwen, Lefwen, Lefquen. Lefpuena, Leowine, Leobinus, Leubwini Levine, Leuuine, Levin. euinn, Leuinus. etc. So popular a name was sure to survive the Norman Conquest on the Hundred Rolls of nearly two centuries | later we find the surname in the forms l Lefwyne Leffeyne, Levine and Levin. The London directory still shows Le- | win, Levin, Levine, and Levene as present day descendants of Leofwine. | Levin as a sudname and as the pro- totheme of place-names Is especially characteristic of Yorkshire. AS this Is also the district in which place. names in worth abound the most. we | may conclude that the surname prob- ably had Its origin there.
 | The cognate German LeubWtni IS comparatively infrequent on the Con- tinental records. It is early. however as the first instance Is in the form cited in a Runic inscription found at 1 Nordendorf and assigned 10 the siAth century The feminine Leubwinis is found on an early ibula assigned to the same century. None of the dater Ger man instances found in the writer list are later than the ninth century
 It Is rare also in German place names T and is not found combined with th'
 German equivalent of worth.
 .sThe -SaAnglo -Saxoa leof .. 'beloved cear," corresponds. to the Old Saxor Heb, liebh. liof, Hob, liebh and leob
 Dutch. lief, "dear," Old Morse Ijufr
 "dear,' and Ljufa, a mans name, Swe
 dish Tiff old High German Heb, Nup
 Middle German Hep. German Heb
 Gothic, Hubs, "dear. BtsurVivess ii
 the English lief and leman Qeofman)
 "a sweetheart" of either sex, and il
 radically connected with our wor'
 love. < .5
 This. has many cognates. including , for instance, the Irish Hub. "a plan
 used in magic the Lithuanian liaupse
 "a song in praise of." Old slavoni
 dear. beloved" Latin lubet "it |
 pleasing" libido, "desire. longing
 lust',' Sanskrit lubhvati. 'to desire crave"
 The Anglo-Saxon wine or wyne. |"
 friend" is cognate with the Old Higl