The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1909-05-04

h SoLiS Il i { "
Ratip of adults. of self-supporting
age toEchildren under 16 years Of age
in the principal countries of Europe:
rance .. "a
lfefald IL
England Ii
United states (White) .......... 1.6
Italy 1.G
Austria-HunSary %
Germany Is
Progress OF Area.
There is q present tendency on the
part of the population in the group of
older States Which were enumerated
III the first census to increase some
what more rapidly than for some
years past. This increase is unques-
tiOnably due to the growing tendency
of immigrants to settle in large indus
trial centers Of population in the sea
board States. From 1850 to 1880 the
increase in population in the original
area was 64.6 per cent and in the add
ed area 21o per cent: but from 1880
to 1900 it was 40.3 per cent and 63.3
per cent respectively. During the last
twenty years. therefore. Il decided
tendency has developed toward SINH
larity of population increase in both
areas.
The average size of families in 1896
was SIS persons. The variation shown
by the States enumerated in 1870
ranged from 6.4 in Georgia to GA ia
Maryland. In 1900 the average for
the area enumerated in 1890 was 14.3.
In 1896 families composed of no
more than three persons represented
by one-fourth of the entire number of
families while in 1900 families of SIM
liar size contributed nearly 40 per
cent of h families. On the other
hand, families composed of six or
~ nrn norCnnC in 11Q1 lanraCanfa6
nearly one-ha1f of all families at that
census, but in 1900 scarcely more than
o~ne-fOurth.
Number of Children.
area increased little more than six
i The number Of children under &c
years Of age to each white family, as
shown by this report. was IS in 1890
as compared with Ia in 1900. Tn the
course of the century under consider
ation the number Of comparable
households in the area increased
more than tenfold. but the number Of
white children under IS in the same
old
The ratio in 1890, of nearly > chill
dren under Is to eac white female
16 years of age and over declined to
/ in 100 At the census nearest TO
100 the similar ratio in Great Britain
was 10: in France O.S; in the German
Empire. IL: and in italy. IL. Since
the tIHIteu Sldt6S. 6ltiiotSh wv ~
large numbers of immigrants from all
nations Of the world, is now mann
tanning q ratio of children to t@-
males 16 years Of age and over prac-
tically the same as that shown by
three of the leading nations OF Europe
it is clear that population condltlonS
in the republic are tending to become
more in harmony with those obtaining
in other civilized countries. The pro-
portion shown for five OF the New
England States and for New York. IS
the same, or nearly the same, as the
lowest European ratlo-that O
France Il
shown in 1900 there would have been
in 1876 $4,000 children as !
with more than 100000 actually /
enumerated: on the other hand on
the basis Of the proportion shown IN
1890. there would nave been 39.5O0,-
600 children in continental United
states at the twelfth census. The
in reality was less than r.
600 900. Hence, if the people OF the
republic were as prolific at the pres
ent time as they We're 100 years ago
there would have been more than To-
900 600 more children in the United
states than were actually reported.
Slaves in 1890.
The number of slaves in the United
States in 1890 was approximately 100
900. Slaves were owned in each state
and Territory Of the Union. except
Vermont. Massachusetts, and the Dis
trict of Maine. About ~one-fourtenth
Of All he slaves in the United State
were owned outside of the southern
States. AS a slave State. Virginia
ranked first, reporting nearly 100000.
The number Of s~layeholding families
in the United States IN 1880. was ap-
proximately 1000. In 1850, more than
q half century later, the number had
to $4,000. It has been pos
sible in this report to determine the