Washington standard. [volume] (Olympia, Wash. Territory) 1860-1921, 1909-08-20

method Of selecting small grain is by
means Of the tanning mill. BY run
ming through three or four times as
much seed as Is needed all the small
grains may be sieved out and the light
ones blown over, leaving only the heav-
TEST, strongest ones for planting
Grain that is intended for seed should
be stored carefully in order that it may
90 through the winter uninjured. The
chief enemies of stored seed are mois-
ture, insects and rats ard mice. The
seed should lie dry when stored and
kept where moisture cannot gain ac-
cess to it. Dry seed will stand almost
any amount of freezing without injury
There are Il number OF insects that
damage seed grain by burrowing into
the germ. If the seed room IS tight,
they may be killed by fumigating with
carbon diSulphide used at the rate Of n
pound to each thousand cubic feet of
space. Place this In an open dish on
top of the seed. close the room as
tightly as possible. and In few hours
the insects VII! be exterminated Care
SHVuiu NC tdhSli iiOt W ~ tuc
room with a light, as the gas is ex-
plosive. This same treatment Is also
fatal to rats and mice, unless they
have some way of escaping from the
room. If possible the seed room should
be so we'll built that these pests can
not get into It,
The second method Of plant propa-
CATION is by diyision-that Is, by plant
ing parts of the plant itself. Potatoes
are prOpagated in this way almost en-
tirely. II small willow and poplar
branches are stuck into the ground.
they will grow into trees. Apple and
other fruit trees are propagated either
by grating or budding. Apple trees
may be raised from seed, but the
fruit Of Seeding trees Is usually worth
less. BY taking a part Of the tree and
growing another from It, 1t will. Of
course, bear the same kind Of fruit.
Grating consists Of joining pieces
of small branches or scions of the tree
which IS TO be prOpagated to pieces Of
roots or stocks. The roots Of yearling
seedlings are used for stocks The
scions, which should be about the size
Of lead pencil, should be cut In the
tall and packed in sand. The grating
can be done at any time during the
winter. All that is necessary Is to cut
the lower end Of the scion and the up
per end of the stock at an angle. as
shown in Fig. 13. These are then
carefully fitted together and tied with
little common string. The essential
point is 10 be sure to have the cam
blum layer Of the scion join that Of
the stock. This cambium layer Is the
thin, light brown portion between the
bark and the wood. 1t is the point
where growth takes place.
The completed graft. which should
be eight TO ten inches long, Is again
packed IN sand. In the spring the
gratis are planted in a row IN the
garden and left until they are two
or three years old. when they NAV be
transplanted 10 their permanent place
In the orchard
both kinds of blossoms. In othc,
plants the male and female flowers
are combined In one. This Is the case
with the apple and many other fruits.
In the apple the stamens, or male
parts, grow In ring around the pistil,
or female part, which IS In the center
Of the flower The top of a stamen.
which IS expanded, is called the an
cher. This contains a yellow dust,
the pollen.
The upper portion OF the pistil Is
called the stigma. From ii a tube
called the style leads downward to