davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-11-26
sweet clover Pest e,

Sweet clover, being "a biennial, 1iv-lI
ing only two years, disapp pears If pre-
vented from going stos seed. 1t, how.
ever, persists on ditch banks and
in fence corners and here natures
seed which finds it's way into the irri.,
CATION water and is thus carried to!
the fields. While 1T is not a serious
menace in alfalfa grown for hay, it is,
q pest in fields to be harvested for
seed because when present in alfalfa
seed it lessons the market value5of IT..
IT Is therefore important that when.
seed is grown the fields be kept free,
from sweet clover. Should It occur
along bitches care should be taken
that nonesof 1T gets into the seed crop,
when harvested. N
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-11-26
TEST DRY FARMING THEORY
Many Experiments Made in Western
states-one In Montana Serves
az Indicator of System.

Testing the dry farming theory lcs
become general in almost all of the
western states, and foremost among
The experimenters are the various
state agricultural colleges.
Those methods which have proven
best are given to the public in numer.
Gus bulletins. The State Agricultural
college of Montana, after prolonged
investigation as to the method to
be pursued in order to insure good
crops, has formulated and published
the following, which may serve as a
fair indicator of the purposes of the
system:
ta) The formation OF deep seed
bed to act as soil moisture reser-
voir.
lb) Careful packing of the soil to es-
tablish the contact of soil particles
and assist in the rise of moisture from
the lower layers.
(c) Constant surface cultivation of
the soil, when possible, to prevent the
escape of the moisture.
(d) Summer 'fallowing each alter.
nate year, ana by summer cultivation,
storing the moisture for the succeed
ing crop.
(e) Growing hardy strains of the
different crops, so that the largest pos.
sfb{e percentage of the moisture pres.
ent will be.utilized.
.f) Growing fall and early ripening
strains of spring grain, in order that
growth may be attained during the
growing months, !. e., April, May, June
and July.
(g) Thin seeding so that the moist.
iure may not be wasted in producing
numerous stems, and none be present
to ripen the grain. Aev -. ttt.
th) Growing inter-tilled crops like
corn and potatoes as the possible con-
slant cultivation. retains the moisture
for growth.
I'D Growing some nitrogen-gathering
crops occasionally to keep up the sup
ply of this element in the soil.
But 1t is quite true, also, that 1t is
impossible to fix hard and fast rule
for so-called dry farming" for. in
every state and under every different
condition of climate, it is necessary
for the farmer to give careful study
to his own requirements.
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-11-26
WOMAN. ON A MODERN FARM
Modern Methods Have Heightened the
Labcrs Of Farmers Wife-Ma-
r chinery Big Factor.

First of all home life of. singular
attractiveness, if she enjoys nature at
,all-and an ideal place for her chill
dren, is what is meant to woman on
farm. OF hard work there is plenty,
of course-but not of the coarse
drudgery which used to weigh so heay-
lily upon our rural mothers and grand
mothers of generation ago. Times
have! changed on the farm. Modern
methods have. lightened the labors of
the farmers wife. The. use Of ma
:chinery is reducing the hours. of work
and intensive tillage keeps the men
folk nearer home. Meals are more
regular.
The modern creamery relieves her
of caring for the milk, churning but
ter and making cheese. To-day the
farmer hauls his milk to the nearest
creamery, where it is tested and
weighed and paid for in a few minutes
and passes into butter by scientific
process.
Gasoline engines, portable and sta:
tionary, are now used on the farm to
pump water, saw wood, operate ma
chimes, ETC., and thus save the house
wife's muscle. Acetylene gas lights
her house as well as electricity and
without any more bother. Hot water
heaters. modern plumbing, kitchen
cabinets-are but a few Of the many
city advantages enjoyed by prosper
GUS rural community. In many irri-
cation localities even electricity is
available for light and power. There
are few. if any, urban conveniences
today which tillers of the soil cannot
enjoy at less expense.
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-11-26

time and can be- employed whenever
needed.
The outside dimensions of tank as
illustrated are eight feet eight inches
long, three feet high and three feet
eight inches wide; the walls are four
inches thick, giving the inside dimen.
stons OF eight feet long, three feet
wide at the top and two feet six
inches wide at the bottom, with. a
depth of 20 inches. This will be ample
for the ordinary farm and can be
changed to suit your needs.
The chimney at one is nodded 10
inches square and four feet high. This
can be increased if so desired
For the outside mold six boards ten
inches wide and eight feet eight inches
long. fastened together, three of each.
with cleats, make the Two sides. The
end where the firebox is located. is
made of three ten-inch boards three
feet ten inches long and nailed to the
two sides at the end.
For the firebox make box exactly
Is inches wide. IL inches high and "a
inches long. Place this at the one end
AUDITING against the side.
For the chimney make a box IL
inches square and four feet long.
Have this open on one side, set at
the one end in center, and then with
six ten-inch boards II inches long fin.
ish up this end by mailing the ends Of
sides to open side of chimney
box mold.
This enables you to hold the chin
ney with the walls, thus making a
neater and more satisfactory job.
For the inside of tank cut two ten
inch boards eight feet long, fasten two
of each together with cleats on in
side; now cut four ten-inch boards ex-
actly two feet ten inches long, fas-
ten two of each together with cleats.
At one side of each measure in ex-
actly three inches from each end and
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-11-26
TERM "DRY FARMING" is NEW
incorrect and Should Be Replaced BY
W Scientific Farming" az More
Nearly Correct.

= -
}S, Expert.J tts;,,t4s
The term dry farming is somewhat;
new to the popular mind and, needs
defining. The term, Is scientifically
incorrect and should be; replaced BY.
scientific farming, . as more nearly
describing the special line Of agri.
culture thus designated. From the
general talk anyone would suppose
that there We're some special new
methods, ideas and implements which.
must be used in order that dry farm.
Ing may be "a success. Asa matter
Of fact dry farming is the Oldest kind
of farming. for crops have been raised
since agriculture began with scanty
amount of moisture furnished BY rain
fall. lDry farming is raising crops with
natural precipitation with no artificial
application of water to the soil. 4. In
the arid west. where 1t has been con
,sidereh tmnos sible to raise crops save
BIZ irfigh Won. dry. farming means the
raising Of prof table crops where the
rainfall sis as low as eight inches 9per
annu1t. This kind Of farming has
been practtced In Calf for over ,,r
20 years and in eastern Oregon and
eastern. Washington for over Is years.
In these states II has been demon.
strated that by8 deep blowing ana q
proper system Of cultivation. two
years moisture may bes held for sonie
big crop This III the system 81 sum
3m 1er fallowin. and tilling oneshalf the
farm area without crop each year.
using the other half to produce crops.
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-11-26

The notion which some persons
may have entertained. that the Amer
lean Jack tar" Is an improvident.
happy go-lncky sort OF chap. with
whom money is easy come easy CO."
will have to be modified. An official
statement from Washington furnishes
proof that many OF the enlisted men
of the navy are sober. saving. and
with an eye to the future. Not less
than "a per cent. have a part OF their
pay deposited where 1t is accumulat-
ing interest Many OF the sailors de.
vote much OF their pay to the sup.
port of relatives. Recently sailor
como to his paymaster to exchange
q navy check for $1,000 for money
With which he proposed to invest in
land in the west. The American sail.
OR Of the present day is sturdy,
sober, self.respecting chap. and often
he has money In the bank with which
TO back up his good character.
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-11-26
The Finished Tank.

draw line from that to the upper
corner, cutting along this line.
This makes the ends in level or
wedge shape two feet ten inches wide
at the top and two feet eour inches
wide at the bottom. These are nailed
inside the two sides, and if yau have
used one-inch lumber you have the
correct width, three feet wide at top
and two feet six inches at the bottom.
This will not require bottom, but
nail two strips of four-foot length
across the top 50 as to rest on the
two sides of the outside part Of mold.
This will support the inside or cone
in proper place in the center.
In constructing the tank lay a
foundation5of small stone covered with
concrete grout. This should be from
four. inches to six inches. depending
on the soil. Then set your mold. upon
this, leaving out the core: form at
first, but having the hrebox form, in
place.. II.
Now fill this with concrete, talmrlped
in well tosa depth of six inch esy Then
iP4e , OuAg Auo55AA fp1dCSs .lllS can DC
common sfx-inch stovepipe and ex-
tend. to the end.of tank and then up
to the end Of chimney. assshown in
sectional View
After you have. this In place cover.
with concrete to, the top Of same or
more, about seven. inches Thick then
upon this lay your enforcing rods.
These are not absolutely necessary.
but as they make the ,permanency Of
the work e positive fact. il Is advisable
TO use them. These rods can. be quar-.
3ter-tnch Iron; rods and are laid two to
the foot each way, As; shown III. sec.
ltional illustFat 4 Is, 50. 4.
After Eesenfor.cin rod IS are il place
AL with generate tunt your depth Of
bottom Us exactlySi2 Inches fir;oDm ,the
found alton: This gives the Bottom
about frebox a thickness 81 four.
inches, which is ample, and for usual
purposes three inches would do %, ! q
Place the inside form 81 core in
position and I'LL to the top with CON IN
crete and allow to stand In the forms
until It begins to harden: s,si7
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-11-26
Garden, An summer.

II .tis an absurdly foolish idea too
prevalent III the south that the garden
work must all; be- done IN early spring,
and then when the first planting gives
out, the family must go without veget.
iables. except cabbage and onions. until
next spring. AS q matter Of fact. ev-
cry farmer III the south Is cheating
himself II he does not have butter
beans, tomatoes squash. sweet corn,
sokra. snaps. etc. etc, from the Begin
ming to the end Of the season Read
Prof Hessey''s articl Hes and get your
wife to read them ad you will win
know how. The Progressive Farmer,
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-11-26
CATTLE EAT .PRICKLY. PEARS
Experiments Made at the New Mexico
Experimental Station Show 1t to
Be Good Feed.
(By Prof B. r. Hare. New Mexico E,
perjneot Station

(By Prof B. r. Hare. New Mexico En-
pertinent Station.l
The increased use of the prickly
pear (the flat-jointed members of the
genus opuntia) as feed for all classes
of ruminants, especially for range and
diary cattle, makes it important for
the proper preparation of a ration that
the feeder know how much digestible
nutrients to expect from feeding a
given quantity of the plant either
alone or mixed with other feeding
stuffs.
Experiments seem to show that
when prickly pear is fed with cured
folders or grains, the digestibility of
both is increased.
The nutritive ratio is very wide for
this feed, and in feeding it to all
classes of animals, for whatever pur-
pose, much better results should be
obtained when it is fed with some sub
stance of high protein content.
The steers experimental upon sell
dom drank water when fed prickly
pear alone. In fact. in feeding ra-
ton of 100 pounds Of this feed per
day the animals obtained from the
feed over eight gallons of water,
which is more than was usually drank
by them when fed cured fodder alone.
While no. digestion experiments
were made with any of the acti.other
than prickly pear, the digestion Co
efficients of the latter could probably
be safely used for all other members
of this family, since their composition
and other characteristics are similar.
Animals scour quite badly when fed
2rickly pear alone; besides, other
feeds are needed to supply the proper
amount of proteids; for these reasons
1t is better not to feed 1t alone.
A ration for 1,0OO-pound mich COW
OF SO pounds of prickly. pear, ten
pounds OF wheat bran and ten pounds
of alfalfa would furnish about
the correct theoretical amount Of nu-
trients. in which the ratio Of pro-
teids to carbohydrates would be to
SAG
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-11-26
Setting Hens.

It is best to set at least eight hens
at a time. Start them on china eggs.
and If they settle down well put in
good eggs the next night. When sup.
plying the eggs, dust the hens and
eggs with insect powder and apply
the powder twice again before hatch.
ing. Test the. eggs about the eighth
day, put the good eggs under fewer
hens. and reset the other hens. Do
not be discouraged II some Of the
hens leave the eggs many hours at a
time. The eggs will hatch, although
a little later than If they had not
been neglected. Sometimes eggs win
hatch when left without the hen for
S6, hours it the weather is warm. Fiji
teen chickens is the limit that one
hen 2, should care for. More than that
will not do so we'll.
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-11-26
Check Method.

OnYland that is almost or quite level
where it is difficult to spread water
over the land, a method of flooding
termed the check method may be.
employed. Levees are thrown up di-
viding the fields into small areas
ranging in size from half an acre to
two acres. A large head Of water is,
used and each CHECK" is in turn.
flooded with water to. the desired,
depth. The checks may be square or
rectangular and the surface Of the
land in each one should be graded
perfectly level. scrapers are used.
for making the levees and the: soil.
needed for their construction is taken
from the highest part Of the check
or if the land is level from the whole.
surface. IS.
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-11-26
Good Pig Pen.

floor G. Another platform D, S1ox12
feet, serves for the pigs tosstand on
while feeding. The sscrapf1gs from
the two platforms are raked down to
the earth part g ana q wagons has be
driven through to haul it out. irs1.'i'5 Z
The gates at each side of the pen
are to- be divided II, drive through.
The feed trough Has q swinging gate
r, which may Be piatedain position q
to keepsthe pigs out while the trough
lis. being filled: The trough should be
firmly braced. &, ..s. v =
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-11-26
I Enaraxina Earm ronl, .

Saws. axes, hatchets; spades, hoes.
plows, in fact any farm tools can be.
easily and indelibly engraved. Clean
on q space where tits desired to make.
the engraving, and coat it with melt
ed heeswax and tallow. Scratch tie
name or number down through the:
wax with an awls or any sharp-pointed
Instrument. Then pour few drops
OF nitric acid, which can be obtained.
at any drug store, over the characters
made. Ina few minutes peel on the
wax and the lettering will be in the
metal Il III rs. .9 b I, :s Z & & i..s4 d n
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-11-26
WATER TANK FOR WINTER
Easily Constructed Concrete Trouoh
Eliminating Necessity Of Stock
Drinking Ice Water.

In the long cold months OF winter,
the farmer is often annoyed by the
outdoor water tank or trough freezing;
perhaps bursting same, and at least
causing the stock to drink water that
is nearly ice water, which cannot be
beneficial to them.
AS per illustration this trouble can
be overcome with but slight expense
by the construction Of a concrete
tank with the heater nodded as part
of the same.
The heater being nodded with the
tank, is always ready for use at anv
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-11-26
The campheIIY' .

The Campbell method looks to the
perfect treatment Of the soil in
preparation for the seeding, which in.
cludes cultivation with the view to
preventing the waste Of moisture by
or otherwise; the treat
nent Of the soil to develop available
fertility by maintaining right physical
conditions and such possible cultiva.'
ton Of the growing crops as will. c;ons
tlnnes this perfect cond ition through:
out the growing season,
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-11-26
Swinging Door.

hogs. After putting out the feed the
feeder raises the gate and let's in
those to fatten, then lets it fall; al
others are kept out, yet those in the
pen may go out when through eating.
This style of gate is also convent
ent for the lamb lot where one uses
a creep. The gate shou- be just large
enough 10 admit a. good-sized lamb.
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-11-26
A I! (
d. - .5ueH
2E Xxx
TRAP DOOR FOR FEEDING PEN
Comes In Very Useful in Arranging
Feed for the Little Pigs
as Well as the Lambs.

In feeding pigs with older hogs it is
necessary to have separate feeding
pen for the pigs.
The sketch shows how to keep the
older hogs out and also to prevent
pigs from entering pen while the
troughs are being filed
The hanging gate swings outward
only. 1t is held up while the pigs
enter the feeding pen, and being light,
they can push it forward and go out
at will.
1t may be used to advantage in fat
tening hogs that run with the stock
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-11-26
MODEL PEN FOR THE SWINE
Should Be Located on Level Ground,
cold-Tisht on Three Sides and
Facing the South.

This model pigpen should Dedicated
on level ground. cold-tght on three
sides and facing south. 1t is 12x15
feet in size. The platform B is raised
about one foot above the level Of the;
ground and made eight feet beyond
the shed to the part having the dirt
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-11-26

has beenA discoy.
& "a ss hish nay cause
81 4 1edfft to drop lev
& = III u III IL Il oasess
The Black Hills union and western stock review. [volume] (Rapid City, S.D.) 1904-19??, 1909-11-26

Il, ~ 4 q I. enchAntment; to- :
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1909-05-01
INVESTMENTS.

$780, Properties between Kansas ave.
and Jeff. st. that rent $50 to $55 per mo.
$500. new cottages, rent II per cent.
5000. story stone building on Kansas
ave. fine fronting. Bargain.
W. NJ FoR SF 6st s re GO, (, 1 Ie w. 9TH st.
6 rm. house less than blks business CEN
ter, rents SIG per mo.
w NJ. FORBES & CO.. 1O7 w. 7th st.
10-ROOMS, 2 LOTS, $3.50.
West side, close in, gas. well, cistern.
MODERN COTTAGE, $500.
rms, large attic, cellar, gas, complete
bath, paved, shade, corner, Ia lots, about
10 blocks west.
MODERN HOUSES, $500.
rms, Fillmore and 10th, 113 lots.
Z rms, furnace, bath, barn, Central park.
w. M. FORBES & CO. 1O7 w. 7th ST.
BARGAIN COTTAGE, $1,700.
pantry, closets. gas, WELL, cistern, city
water. sewer. 1914 E. 9Th, rm. cottage,
". M. FORBES & CO., 107 W. It'll st.
NEAR POTWIN, S1,700.
Nearly new rms, lots, barn, gas light
". NJ. FORBES & CO., 1O7 w. 7th St.
LOTS-LOTS-LOTS.
Corner, 2 Washburn ave-, $3.50; more,
$50; s Garfield, $500; corner near Wash
front, $3.50; liz Z. front, 500; 11a Clay.
paved about 500; Buchanan between 9Th
and Sth, near 10th and Lincoln. $3.50; 90
lots near 21st and Maryland ave-, Highland
Park, at $40; "a feet Potwin, $425; ETC., etc.
See us for E,lmhurst lots.
w. NJ. FORBES e. CO.. 1W W. 7th st.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1909-05-01
FOR SALE.

rooms, ~ east front lots, on pave
ment, College Hill, house lighted and
heated with gas, modern bath, cemented
cellar, barn, splendid neighborhood. $500.
room cottage east front lots, plenty
fruit and shade, rents $3.50, West side,
near car. $3.50
Bran new room. IL story cottage, just
being finished, east front lots, fine porch
es and large porch roof for outside sleep
ing room. For quick sale $500
Store building and residence combined
on corner, West side, under lease at $22Oe
per month. Price $4,000.
NEW BUSINESS HOUSE. on Kansas
ave, modern in style ana construction.
Price $500
WILSON & NEIswANGER.
Phones 94s. Mulvane Bldg.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1909-05-01
FOR sALE-REAL ESTATE
VACANT LOTS.

VACANT LOTS.
ELMHURST AND HIGHLAND PARK
s1,75o College Hill, lots and Is feet.
$1,000. Fillmore. 1-S lots near 18th.
$780, GARFIELD ST., near 18th, IL lots.
s. 800 lots, Horne. near eth
$500. Lane. near 10th. 5 lots.
$3.50. westlawn, Lane ST., lots.
s1.4OO Lincoln, near 10th, 2 lots
s., 200. Lincoln, near 18th. lots
$500 Maryland. east front corner lots.
$500. Ohio Ave, 6 lots.
s., 800. Tenth, near Lincoln, lots.
$500 lots, Harrison. near 18th.
Residences in all part of the City.
About 30 Kansas Ave. and Mercantile
properties.
Choice Shawnee Co. farms.
H. c. BOWMAN.
No. AZ Columbian Building.
Ind No ss1. Bell No. 1856.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1909-05-01

FOR SALE-New s room mod.
house, barn. ia lots. Polk near
14th. 5000.
Splendid room house. III
lots, barn, shade, on corner. East
4th. convenient to shops, 5000.
s room cottage, chicken house
and yards, stable, 10 lots. fruit,
Oakland. convenient to shops,
$2,5Oo-for uptown rental of equal
value.
Almost new room modern
house, Ia lots. east front, fine
location, out college way. $500.
New up-to-date mod. s room
house, Q lots, east front. West
lawn annex. $500.
]. D. MILLER & CO.,
SIS Kansas Ave. Both phones.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1909-05-01
w. T. DAWSON.
Room 2, Mulvane Bldg.

40 acres II miles east of To-
peka, 4 room cottage, barn for 4
horses, corn crib, S acres or
chard, 2 alfalfa, IS acres cul.
balance pasture and meadow.
Price 5000.
so acres 9 miles southwest of
Topeka, nearly all can be culti-
waited, 10 acres clover and al
.falfa, fair improvements, good
orchard. we'll and cistern. other
outbuildings. on main road
Price $50 per acre. Terms can
be had.
90 acres, 90 acres fine bottom
land, IL acres timber, 5 acres of
alfalfa, Is acres of clover, abun-
dance of water. fair improve
ments. Price $50 per acre.