davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1909-03-23
The HOme.-

Radishes fried with beefsteak have
a flavor not unlike mushrooms. They
should be sliced
Burning oil is spread by water. To
extinguish it throw down -four, sand or
earth. The idea is to prevent the oil
spreading.
Fried chicken with cream sauce and
corn fritters is an old dish. but one
that too seldom finds substantial
place in the home.
Finger marks on doors can easily be-
rubbed off with a piece of clean fan
mel dipped in paraftin. Afterward wipe
over with a clean cloth wrung out of
the hot water to take away the smell
To soften hard water, put one ounce
of quicklime into four gallons and
half of water. Stir it thoroughly and
allow it to settle. Then pour off the
clear solution, which will be enough to
add to four barrels of hard water.
Fruit, vegetable, coffee and tea
stains may be removed from white
goods as follows: Heap salt on the
spot, rub hard, then rinse in hot water
in which good amount of borax has
been dissolved and the stain will dis
appear immediately
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1909-03-23

Cut Fresh Bones for POULTRY
Probably no other food that hens can
have does more to assist in the pro.
duction OF eggs in winter than cut or
ground fresh bones from the butcher
shop. Bones may be obtained usually
for from half cent to a cent and a
half pound and machines for cut
ting them may be purchased at yari-
GUS prices. About half an ounce to
each fowl per day is the right amount
to feed or it may be fed every other
day about an ounce to each fowl
sometimes flock of hens which have
been fed nothing but grain will he.
gin laying within short time after
the owner begins to feed cut bone reg.
ularly. This is because the elements
which the bone contains were lacking
or did not exist in sufficient quantity
In the grain ration and as soon az
those elements were furnished the
hens were able to make eggs and the
eggs were laid.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1909-03-23
POSSIBILITIES OF
ALFALFA BREEDING
Work just Beginning
Experiment

The great Elasticity of the genus of
plants to which alfalfa belongs in its
adaptability to soil and climate Is
strongly emphasized when we compare
the extremes Of the types. The wiry
stems, the low-spreading, much
branched habit and extreme hardness
OF Turkestan alfalfa present such
contrast to the large, rather stiff tall,
apright and little-branched stems of
the sub-tropical Peruvian alfalfa, that
one would little suspect that he was
dealing with plants of the same origin.
This adaptability, or in other words
ability to become acclimatized, has al
ready been explained by the fact that
within any one Of the given types
many variations as to form, habit, Wig
or, drought and cold-resistance occur
which need only to be selected by soil
and climatic factors killing out the less
suited individuals in order that a type
may be established. What, therefore.
has been done by the slow process Of
natural selection may be fastened and
emphasized by the conscious selection
and propagation of the best plants.
There Is thus opened, in this wonder
fully plastic and variable group, field
for the breeder, pregnant with the
probability Of the most profound sue
cess.
The breeding Of this forage plant is
Just beginning to receive the serious at
tentfon of the experiment stations and
the United States department Of agri-
culture In the alfalfa-growing states of
the west and southwest. BY a compar-
alive study Of the adaptability Of re-
gional varieties it is clear that the
work of the agricultural explorer must
now give place largely to that of the
plant-breeder and that we must in the
future look to the improvement of our
own rather than the introduction of
new varieties for the amelioration of
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1909-03-23

Comparisons are proverbially odious
when applied to persons; they are fire.
quently misleading, especially II they
deal with q part only OF the facts. when
applied to other matters. For exam
pie, here Is the question OF the compar-
alive cost OF keeping a horse and OF
running an automobile. A gentleman
who prides himself on driving single
cylinder" declares that when he kept a
horse and trap he spent upon 1t fully
5000 year. Most OF the money was
paid to a servant; for, he adds, "a
groom Is. of course. essential, as one
can scarcely look after horse one
self" After he bought an automobile,
he estimated his heaviest expense as
tires. $50; his next largest, gasoline,
$40, and his total annual outlay as only
trihe above 5000. During the year
for which figures are given, he travelled
some 5000 miles, and found that 1t
cost him on an average less than four
cents mile. Il looked after the ma
chine myself. entirely" he says. The
question that the situation suggests is.
Why not deduct from the six hundred
spent on the horse and trap the cost
OF the man who took care OF them, or
why not add the expense of chauffeur
to the cost Of running the automobile?
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1909-03-23
Case Incosne Alfalfa PLANT for Hand Poinaob

our alfalfa crops. Especially is this
true for the states of the middle west,
notably Utah, Colorado, Kansas and
Nebraska. These states are the home
Of the American type of alfalfa, aud in
them no other alfalfa has been able to
compete with 1t. When, therefore, the
breeder has found that strain or type
Of alfalfa which is most suited to the
locality within which he must work,
1t Is from this strain that he should
look to draw his materials for further
selection and improvement. He must
first study the needs of his locality
and determine what lines of improve
ment are most necessary in order to
increase the yield or feeding value
When this is done he; may intelligently
seek out and select for breeding pur-
poses those individual plants which
seem most likely to possess valuable
characteristics.
For what points should we breed? In
the first place, hardness and vigor are
indispensable, In order that the plant
may not be driven out by weeds or
killed by severe weather conditions.
Moreover, hardy, vigorous plants will
live longer, be more productive, and
the expense Of reseeding will not be so
frequent
Another aim of the breeder Of alfalfa
is to secure plants Of greater drought
resistance, in order that the area over
which this valuable plant can be
grown with profit may be further ex-
tended into the semi-arid regions and
that better crops may be secured in
the drier sections in which it is al
ready grown. Drought-resistance in a
plant depends either upon its effect
iveness in gathering water from the
soil or its ability to retain 1t when
gathered, or upon both Obviously the
best way to determine the drought
resisting qualities Of plants is by
means of comparative tests in dry Sec
tons. but where this is impracticable
preliminary test may be made by
measuring the quantity Of water trans
PRED by a given amount Of leaf surface
In a given time. The Importance of
such tests is suggested by the fact that
of two plants. growing side by side in
the breeding plots of the botanical de-
partment Of the Kansas station. one
showed an average Transportation rate
for equal areas of leaf surface nearly
twice as great as the other. It Is but
natural to suppose that, other charac-
teristics being equal. the plant show
ing the least loss of water would be
most suited for dry region. Close
pollinated seeds ar the abovemen-
toned plants have been secured and
it is proposed to test by similar meth
"ss the Transportation rates of the off,
spring of each in order TO determine
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1909-03-23

to what extent these characters may
be inherited, and whether by this meth
cd there may not be isolated and prop
agated, at once, extremely drought-re-
sistant strains.
Alfalfa is susceptible to several dis
eases. All of these are capable of do
ing more or less serious damage and
there Is as yet no practicable method
of controlling them known. 1t would
seem, moreover, that the only method
in which there is offered any large de-
gree of hope for success lies in the
possibility of securing more disease-re
sistant strains by selection and breed
ing.
An ideal alfalfa plant should be very
leafy. This is so for two reasons. In
the first place, the greater the leaf sur
face spread out to the light the greater
the assimilating power of the plant,
and hence the more rapid and vigor
GUS growth. In the second place, the
leaf forms more palatable and diges
tible food than do the stems. Hence
more productive crops and a better
quality Of hay would be secured from
plants having high percentage of leaf
to the total weight. t4.
In selecting plants for breeding,
habit of growth must be considered
This should be as nearly upright as
possible in order that all of the stems
may be cut by the mower.
While relatively small number OF
alfalfa growers produce this plant, for
the purpose of harvesting the seed,
still the question of seed production is
one of prime Importance. No better
emphasis on this point could be made
than to call attention to the present
high price of alfalfa seed. The high
probability of easy improvement along
this line is suggested by extreme vari-
atoms with respect to the seeding abil-
ity of different individuals found in
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1909-03-23
To Clean Sponues.

Solled sponges can be quickly fresh
ened by rubbing the juice of a lemon
well into them then rinsing several
times, first in hot water and then in
cold.
Too much care cannot be taken to
keep sponge absolutely fresh, as mic
robes are apt to congregate otherwise
An occasional sunbath is excellent
and thorough washing with am
monia water every few weeks should
not be omitted.
In using a sponge for young child.
or indeed for anyone, no matter how
carefully 1t is supposed to be washed,
1t should be run through very hot wa
ter before using.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1909-03-23
Rive Bread IQrfa

Ten ounces of almonds chopped fine.
II eggs, three-quarters of a pound of
sugar, 41a ounces of citron, cut fine,
three-quarters of pound of grated
rye bread, one whole lemon, grated.
one teaspoon of ground cloves, one
wine glass of red wine Beat the sugar
and yolks of eggs one-half hour. Add
lemon and almonds, then citron and
cloves and rye bread, which has been
moistened with the wine, and at last
the whites of egg well, beaten. This
makes two loaf cakes, is delicious and
keeps indefinitely. =.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1909-03-23

any ordinary alfalfa field. For instance
IN one experiment at the Kansas ex-
pertinent station bulletin 15D some
plants produced only 04 seeds per ten.
gram weight of stem and leaf, whereas
from other plants in the same field as
high as 1877 seeds per ten-gram weight
We're harvested. That these charac.
tiers are strongly heritable is shown by
the following, quoted from Bulletin 1O1
OF the South Dakota experiment sta
ton:
In the pedigree rows of 1906 a gen.
eral tendency toward uniformity was
observed in the plants from the same
selection. For example, all the plants
In pedigree row No. 1928 exhibited
exceptional forage qualities as COM
pared with the plants of other rows
grown. whatever the source and all
the plants of pedigree row No. 65-74
bore heavily of seed pods, while others
from the same original source were
light bearers of the pods"
However, in the breeding of alfalfa
the fact must not be lost sight of that
1t must be prominently forage plant.
and that II the productivity of seed be
increased 1t must not be done at the
expense of the forage value.
Productivity is, of course, the most
important OF the qualities to be sought
In the Improvement Of alfalfa, and may
be said to include all the others de-
scribed. Thus. in order to be produc.
tive OF the largest quantity of the best
quality of hay, the plant must be
hardy, vigorous. disease and drought
resistant, very leafy, and Of such habit
of growth as to be harvested with
ease and without great loss from low
lying and PROSTATE stems
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1909-03-23
Care of Waxed Floors.

Never use soap and water on a
waxed floor. Waxed floors should be
wiped with perfectly dry cloth and
more wax rubbed into them with a
wooden cloth or the polishing brushes
that come for that purpose. But do not
put on more wax than the floor can alb
sorb, particularly in the corners. which
nave not been walked on so much.
Wash them with turpentine, drying
them perfectly dry before applying
more wax.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1909-03-23

Admiral Cervera, who commanded
the Splash fleet at the battle Of Santi-
ago, was retired lately from active SER
vice at his own request. Americans
will always have a warm spot In their
hearts for the gallant and chivalrous
old Spanish sailor. Our own heroes of
tho Spanish war hardly commanded
more popular respect and affection
than Cervera, whose life a. a prisoner
on the United States was . series of
popular triumphs. His humanity and
Quickness Of action In saving the lives
Of Hobson and his companions was
never forgotten by the American peo-
pie. Of which fact he received the most
gratifying demonstrations when he ar
rived here.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1909-03-23
The First Year Of Marriage.

The First Year OF Marriage.
One of the problems that develop out
Of that trying first year of married ex-
istence IL the equal adjustment Of the
amusement question. To the average
man, worn out with the work and
worry Of the day, tired Of the babel Of
voices and confusion In which he has
toiled, and weary Of trying to make
himself agreeable to those he must
please, tor business purposes, there
seems nothing else on earth SO dssira'
BILE ~ the quiet and ease Of his home.
He doesn't want to talk or be talked
to. He doesn't want to have to force
himself to smile or to think. and least
OF all does he want to forsake his slip
pers. The woman, on the other hand.
says the New York Weekly, has been
shut up all day in the house, going
through the deadly dull round Of do
nestle duties without the distraction
Of seeing = fresh face. She has toiled
in her own way as hard as her hus-
band, and when night comes. she, too.
feels the need Of change, and the op-
portunity to rest and refresh herself.
She would like to put on her best dress
and 60 to the theater. or even call on
some friendly neighbor To even sug
gsst such thing to her husband. how.
ever. 10 to bring ON glowing diatribe
on woman's gadding. and the matter
ends there. or bursts forth into
wordy quarrel
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1909-03-23
Open the
Libraries
on
Sunday
BY ARTHUR N. WATSON.
Ssc'y Carpsnters Dist. Council. Boston

busy engaged during the and they
culture knowledge and which gained
by to the shelves of this public institution must be opened
reasonably early hour on Sunday mornings
The which led up the closing of this institution
Sunday mornings will bear analysis From executive who another
state will advocate approximation pension for city employees while at
home these employees being discharged by the Wholesale if with
striking distance of supeannuan such petty might well be
expected
If the influence of all of the religious denominations
has bring this about order indirectly the
church services should be sharply resented The people
will choose for themselves where they will spend their e and church
attendance should be voluntary not forced
employees the library department wish nd very properly
legitimate reasonable time for their purposes they
should discourage the appointment of sufficient substitutes ass
permit the public being served its right Organized
will sympahze with and back these employees any demand for
proper and remuneration but will not regard their positions
their duties such preclude the possibility
their places being filled by trained substitutes Sunday mornings
The public library great educational and eavenng influence
community its should permitted
which would injustice that of the community whose
intellectual and ethical necessities
largely bounded by the oppor- MI ~X Z -
tunties for study research and x7//>1H/H./EE<z1
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1909-03-23
Suffrage
for All
But
Idiots

inhabitants the highest complication popular
there portion of the who participate
government
With the probationary residence continually upon
those foreign birth the citizenship while
heeom that large portion female consisting
of the mothers the sisters and the daughters of the republic
Of high intelligence and patriotism We thus lose from
haven the addition of which thereto would
dangers which confront through the great
vcousness in the electorate at present constituted
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1909-03-23
Monkey Faces.

One-half cup butter, one cup sugar.
one cup molasses, one cup cold water
TWO eggs beaten, two teaspoons soda
one teaspoon cinnamon, one teaspoon
cloves, five cups flour. Drop from
spoon into tins and use raisins ON ton
to form the eyes and nose.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1909-03-23
Kitchen Ruo.

A good, inexpensive rug for the
kitchen can easily be made from mat
ting that has been used in other rooms
OF the house. Take the ends which
are not worn and double them; then
sew them on all sides on the machine.
This rug is easily kept clean, is heavy.
and when out of use can be rolled up
and stood out of the way
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1909-03-23

John J. White of New York went to
Africa without the blowing of trumpet
or consignment of typewriters,
bagged seven elephants. ten lions and
a sunstroke, and on coming home gave
out his experiences and observations
for publication without charge even
for time. There's hunter who thinks
that the one desirable compensation is
to get game.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1909-03-23

ayeach nation has peculiar ideas as to what constitutes huor
The psychology of laugh be defined the ouburst of healthy
mental condition possessed by who quick the point of joke
the rbles of situation With the than with
other individual nuncaon and exacn of delivery necessary
provoke laughter His great aid however, the situations provided
the author which aid materially his keep his audience
good humor.
have found experience actor that climatic conditions
have also much do with the receptive character of the audience
provoking laughs The nortene quicker to acknowledge the point
joke than his brother of the SOUTH notwithstanding that
has been said the contrary New York not far behind the
ability of situation
At the matnees where children evidence than
evening performances juveniles enjoy laugh well their elders
and generally show their appreciation of the efforts of the actor to
in pronounced fashion
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1909-03-23
Breakfast Oish

Brown an onion in bits Of bacon:
ada one pound of chopped beef; stir
with fork; add seasoning and one
cup OF tomatoes; cover tightly and
keep hot for ten minutes: serve nm
toast.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1909-03-23
Dressed Cabbaoe

Chop some cabbage very fine, cook
In boiling water one-half hour. Drain
then season highly with salt and nen-
per, one-half cup of milk and one
tablespoon Of butter. Cook a few
minutes and serve.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1909-03-23
@zk7 Zazz,.

l believe in universal suffrage, limited
only by idiocy and conviction of crime.
AS founded, this was a government Of
all the people, by all the people, and for
all the people, and not government of all
the people by part of the people and for
a part of the people.
Universal suffrage is, the ideal method
of control in popular government and the
effort and tendency should be continually
to remove rather than to add restrictions
to the freedom of its exercise and to COM
prehend within its benefits, rather than to
exclude therefrom, all possible classes of
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1909-03-23

A Philadelphia detective on the trail
1t an embezzling restaurant employee
had to eat six to twelve meals a day.
How he envied the poor! Few people
would have believed the Philadelphians
rose early enough to eat SO many meals
in q day.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1909-03-23

We may answer the question, 'Why
should public libraries be open Sunday
mornings?" by asking another: 'sWhy
should they not be open Sunday mornings
if sufficient number of their patrons de-
sire it?
We will assume that public libraries are
what the name implies, and that the Bos-
ton library was really ''erected by the mu-
nificence of citizens and dedicated to the
advancement of learning" Such an impor-
tant part of the equipment of Boston should
be available to those of its citizens whose
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1909-03-23
The Fun
ny Bone
Jokes Can
Win LAUGHS in
Every Nation
BY FRANK +. MCINTYRE.
Comedian.
A laugh is a brother to a tear.

laugh is brother to tear.
1t is matter of common knowledge among
criminologsts that the more hardened the criminal
the less susceptible he is to humor-n fact the great
the criminal instinct the less the development of
the of humor. 1t is also matter of universal
knowledge that misanthrope is devoid of humor,
and by the process of reasoning it follows that
the philanthropist is keenly alive to the mrth-pro
voking qualities of good story clever wittcism.
1t does not follow That the higher developed edu-
cational homo is better audience than he who has
had no such opportunities for mental aggrandize-
ment.
Humor is not peculiar to any country or nation
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1909-03-23

New York bank caters especially
to deaf mutes. Money makes motions
there, we presume
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1909-03-23

intellectual and ethical necessities
are largely bounded by the oppor-
tunities for study, research and
entertainment there provided.
The Democrat-sentinel. [volume] (Logan, Ohio) 1906-1935, 1909-07-29
Big Pine Valley

! John Dresback and Byron Mowery
of Pursell, passed through this place
Friday, enroute to Laurelville.
George Voorhees, and wife of Mount
Vernon, broke bread with Mahlor
Paxton and family, Wednesday.
! John Lively and family, and Mrs
John Truck and two children, of Sans
Creek, and Sam Harsh and family
were the guests of WILDER Vanfosser
and family, last Sunday afternoon.
Retha Huffman, of Lancaster, Wis
! tied her parents, William Huffman
and wife, last Saturday and Sunday.
Hiram Lama, wife and daughter
and Mrs. Bert Febus were Logan
shoppers, Saturday.
! John Dresback and family attend.
ed preaching at Bethel, Sunday.
Nern Kitchen passed through this
vicinity Saturday, enroute to Laurel.
Vile.
Frank Lindsey, wife and two chill.
dren were the Sunday guests of w.
M. 10y and family.
Fred Conkle bought load of corn
of William Huffman, one day last
week.
Eden Lama and Emmett Fox at
tended church at So. Bloomingville,
Sunday night.
Rebecca and Maize Paxton visited
Mrs. William 10y, Saturday evening.
Nellie, Alice and Ruth Mowery
were seen buggy riding on our streets.
Mrs. John Butler and Nellie Fin
ney, of Haynes, were the guests of
Mrs. Wilber Vanfossen, last Tuesday
afternoon.
William 10y, who has been on the
sick list the past week, is getting bet
ter at this writing.
Herman Wolf was seen vending his
way toward George Cupp's, Sunday
afternoon.
Mae Smires called on Mrs. WILDER
Vanfossen, Saturday afternoon.
William Huffman and wife were
Laurelville shoppers, last Friday.
Chester IIoey and Levi Butler were
seen on our streets, Sunday afternoon.
William Chilcote and family and
Thomas Vorhees and wife broke
bread with Benjamin Chilcote and
family, Sunday.
Ray Huffman was in the employ of
Mahlon Paxton, Saturday.
Marie 10y visited Maize Paxton,
Monday afternoon.