davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1909-03-25

were of granite, about two and half feet
In diameter, and two feet high, and were
mortced near the top at proper distances
to receive wooden cogs, which apparently
were made with no other tool than broad
AK The bed of the mill was IA granite slab
imbedded in the earth, and had in 1t two
round holes to receive the lower necks of
the rollers; ALSO channel extending from
four to Ave inches round the rollers, the
outlet to which when the lump Of mud
was remoyed) allowed the juice to flow
through a gutter under the horse-walk to a
small tub. The necks Of these rollers were
all of wood about six inches In diameter,
and their bearings protected by an iron
band. On one Of these was secured the
arm or lever to which the power was ap.
piled: this arm was merely the branch of
a tree Imported with the rollers). Some
pains must have been taken to select one
whose natural crook should answer the
purpose II was secured to the neck of the
roller by a rope single horse attached
to Its end with plentiful application of
the lash. gave motion to the rollers. He
whose business II was to feed the rollers
with cane seated himself In front of them
and generally kept three or four sticks of
cane between the rollers, allowing II at
first to be gently squeezed, the second time
more so. and on passing II between the
rollers the third time II was also drawn
through a stout funnel, which effectualy
took all the remaining Juice
The evaporating pans contained about
twenty gallons each, and were set triangu.
larry. The furnace was built of sun-burnt
bricks, IS inches long, wide andG thick.
These bricks az they can be 80 called) are
made of common earth, hens feathers,
goats hair, hogs bristles, and water and
laid up with the same compound the mouth
Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1909-03-25
Ancient Mill System.

Chinese Method Of Manufacturing Sugar
in 1889. While on a visit to Waimea, Kauai,
a year or two since, happened in at
sugar.mll then in operation under the man.
agement of three Cinnamon; 1t being the
first establishment of the kind | had ever
seen In operation | was induced to spend
nearly an hour in noticing the mode which
the Chinese adopt In producing sugar from
the cane: herewith send you an outline of
the mill, as 1t then stood, and a partial
description of their method of setting sugar
pans.
Some ten or dozen upright posts sup
ported straw roof which protected from
the sun the mill, boilers, three or four jaded
horses and a score of hogs which at times
seemed to claim a part of the Juice which
flowed from the mill. In the center of the
building a heap of earth was thrown up. in
which were implanted two upright posts Of
rough granite. their upper ends being hewn
of to something resembling a tenor; a
plank extended from one post to the other,
having in II two mortces to receive the
lemons; also, two circular holes to receive
the necks OF two rollers. These rollers
Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1909-03-25
EVENING BULLETIN INDUSTRIAL EDITION. HONOLULU H. 1909

In the additional crushing of the partly
ground cane producing a much better Juice
extraction: the moisture in the bagasse be.
ing reduced to such an extent that the
bagasse would burn directly as 1t came from
the mills after the furnaces had been re.
constructed and thereby making II possible
to get along without extra fuel saving the
enormous expense Of wood and coal; and
the application of hot water, maceration, to
the partly crushed cane passing between
the mills, thereby assisting the mechanical
squeezing out" of the juice by washing
the sugar out of the open cane cells. re.
sulting i'm greater sugar extraction than 1t
had so far been possible to obtain.
First s.Roller Mill.
The next great epoch in the Hawaiian
mill evolution was inaugurated by EVA
Plantation Co.. when in 1894. on Mr.. II. p.
Baldwin's recommendation, they imported
the first 9.roler mill from Fulton Iron
Works Co.. st. Louis
The principal feature of this milling plant
is three 3.roller mills resting on one bed
and coupled up to one common gearing, Civ.
ing each succeeding mill a slightly increas.
ed speed over the former mill, and all driv.
en- by one engine, generally of the Corlss
type with automatic cutoff" insuring regu.
lar speed. Each mill is fitted with indepen.
dent and adjustable hydraulic pressure on
the top roller, ranging from 800 to $50 tons.
The main point which gives this style Of
mill such great advantage over the form.
err and 7.roller mill, is the absolute uni.
form relative speed, and therefore feed. OF
the mills, the most essential requirements
for obtaining the best possible extraction
of juice.
Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1909-03-25
Modern Sugar Mill.

Description Of a Modern Cane Sugar Mill
ing Plant. The following is a description
of modern cane sugar factory, which will
handle from twelve hundred to fourteen
hundred tons of cane In twenty-four hours
making from one hundred and seventy Ave
to two hundred tons Of SO degree sugar In
that time
Crushing Plant. The crushing plant will
consist of four, three.roller mills the rolls
being thirty.four inches In diameter and
seyenty.eight inches long; preceding these
Is a preliminary. two-roller crusher. for
preparing the cane for the subsequent mill.
ing the cane being delivered from the plan.
tation cars or nume into IA long conveyor
by automatic unloaders, for feeding to the
mills.
Boilers. A conveyor extends from the
last set of rollers to the boiler room, deliver.
ing the bagasse, which is practically eX.
hausted of its sugar and quite dry, into an
elevator and conveyor from which It Is
automatically fed into the boiler furnaces
There are eight horizontal, tubular boil.
ers, seven feet In diameter and twenty feet
long. with their equipment OF automatic
furnace feeders, crate bars, fiues, piping
etc, and "A steel smoke stack, of the self
supporting type, ten feet In diameter and
one hundred and seventy-hye feet high.
Qualification System. The Qualification
Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1909-03-25

Islands that could secure additional land or
water, proceeded to expand as much and as
rapidly as possible. In connection with rail.
roads and other new concerns started at the
same time. enterprises were initiated in Ha-
wall, within eighteen months after annex
alton, involving capital of over forty million
dollars. ninety per cent of which was sub.
scribed for by residents Of the islands. The
inevitable followed The boom got ahead
of the available capital. Several of the en-.
terprises failed and financial stringency was
the rule all along the line. In spite of this,
the enterprises were in the main. on solid
foundations. and the Territory is once more
on its feet. with the sugar business as a
whole, better developed. better organized
and more intelligently handled than ever
before.
Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1909-03-25

have been installed on many plantations.
The extraction obtained by well conduct
ed diffusion plant and the first 9.roler mills
was approximately the same, but the ex-
pense of operation was largely in favor Of
the MILL
Before leaving the subject of mills. and
as matter of interest and reference. we in
sert here description of an early Chinese
plant and following 1t description of one
of the modern mills:
Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1909-03-25

The MILL indeed the whole apparatus, was
exceedingly rude, but It appeared to answer
u good purpose. | was told that they had
made 800 lbs. of sugar per day with II.
It is to be regretted that some plan could
not have been devised which would have
rendered II for the interest of all concern.
ed to keep the mill in operation.-Hawaiian
Spectator Vol. II, 1889.
Twice-a-week plain dealer. (Cresco, Howard County, Iowa) 1895-1913, 1909-11-23
REVOLT AGAINST !. c. c.
r. r. Commissioners Are Also Clash.
ing Among Themselves.

Washington, Nov. 16. = Revolt
against the extension of the powers of
the interstate commerce commission
threatens to break out in the conven-
ton Of the national association of rail-
road commissioners which is in ses-
sion here.
The commissioners are also equally
divided on the question and a reflec-
ton of the clash that seemingly i'm.
ponds was shown in the meeting
OF the committee on car service
and demurrage, which met to formu-
late its report for presentation. The
meeting is said to have been stormy,
many members contending that no re-
port endorsing legislation looking to
a federal car service law should be
passed and that such law would give
the interstate commerce commission
almost despotic powers over COM
merce.
Another fight is to be made against
the proposition put forward by the
commission that it be given power to
take up investigation of railroad mat
tiers in states where the matters are
purely local.
The delegates are from every state
having railroad commissions. The
feelings among large part of this
body is that any greater power grant
ed the interstate commerce commits
sion will result in the usurpation of the
powers of the state bodies and render
those policies practically useless.
Twice-a-week plain dealer. (Cresco, Howard County, Iowa) 1895-1913, 1909-11-23
s*s*s*s.e.e*e*s*s*s*s*s

YER the newly discovered coast
lines was written Bradley Land,
" in honor of John Il. Bradley.
the benefactor of the eXpedi-
ton. AS we passed north of this land
there was nothing substantial upon
which to fix the eye.
There was at no time perfectly
clear horizon, but the weather was
good enough to permit frequent nauti-
cal observations. The course was lined
on uninteresting blank sheets. but
there were elusive signs of land fire.
quent enough to keep up an exploring
enthusiasm.
Thus day after day the marches
We're forced. the incidents and the po-
sitions were recorded. but the adven-
lures were promptly forgotten in the
mental bleach of the next days effort.
The night of April was made notable
by the swing of the sun at midnight.
For number of nights it made grim
faces at us in its setting. A teasing
mist. drawn as curtain over the
curious advantages for celestial stag
ing; settling into this haze. we were
unable to determine sharply the adj
vent of the midnight sun, but here was
a spectacular play which interested us
immensely.
Now the great bulk was drawn out
egg shaped. with horizontal lines
drawn through it. Again it was press
ed into basin with flaming fires.
burning behind a curtain of frosts;
blue at other times. it appeared like a
huge vase. and it required very little
Imagination to see purple and violet
flowers.
The change was often like magic,
but the last display was invariably a
face-distorted faces of men or ami
mails were made to suit our fancy.
We had therefore followed the suns
northward advance-from it's first peep
at midday above the south ice of the
Twice-a-week plain dealer. (Cresco, Howard County, Iowa) 1895-1913, 1909-11-23
North of Bradley Land.
Amazing Sensations of
Dr.. Cook and His Two
Companions ~ ~
NINTH ARTICLEl

mining the days run than the hand.,
of the chronometers.
When the storms threatened the
start was delayed. and in strong blows
the march was shortened. but in one
way or another we usually found a
few hours in each turn of the dial dur
ing which march could be forced be-
tween winds. 1t mattered little wheth-
er we Travelled night or day-all hours
and all days were alike to us-for we
had no accustomed time of rest. no
Sundays. no holiday, no landmarks or
mileposts to pass. TO advance and ex-
pend the energy accumulated during
one sleep at the cost of our pound of
pemmican was the one sole aim in
life.
The observations of April II gave
latitude 81 degrees 20 minutes. longi-
tude 95 minutes 10 seconds. The pack
disturbance of Bradley Land was less
and less noted in the northward move
ment. The fields became heavier. lar
ger and less crevassed. Fewer trou-
blesome old foes and less crushed new
ice were encountered. With the i'm
proved conditions the fire of racing
spirit came for brief spell.
Passing Highest Reach.
We had now passed the highest
reaches of all our predecessors and
had gained the inspiration of the far.
thest north for ourselves. The time
was at hand, however to consider seri
ously the necessity of an early return
Nearly half of the food allowance
had been used. In the long marches
supplies had been more literally use(
than anticipated. and now our dos
teams were much reduced in numbers
A hard necessity had forced the crue
law of the survival of the fittest. fol
the less useful dogs We're fed to the
steady working survivors. Owing t.
the food limits and the advancing sea
son we could not prudently continue
the outward march fortnight longer.
Twice-a-week plain dealer. (Cresco, Howard County, Iowa) 1895-1913, 1909-11-23
TAFT SAYS Be THANKFUL.
AND FIXES NOV. IS AS THE PROP.
Err DAY.
President, Through State Department,
Issues Annual Docu-
ment.

Washington, Nov. 16.-Thursday,
Nov. %, is officially proclaimed by
President Taft, as Thanksgiving day.
The presidents proclamation was is
sued as usual from the state depart
ment where the document received the
official seal of the United States.
Following is the text of the prolca.
nation:
by the president of the United
States of America
"a proclamation:
THE season of the year has re.
turned when, in accordance with the
reverent custom established by our
forefathers, the people of the United
States are wont to meet in their u.s.
ual places of worship on a day of
thanksgiving appointed by the civil
magistrate to return thanks to God
for the great mercies and benefits
which they have enjoyed. During this
past year we have been highly blessed.
No great calamities or flood or temp
est or epidemic sickness have befallen
us. We have lived in quietness, un-
disturbed by wars or rumors of wars,
Peace and the plenty of bounteous
crops of great industrial production
animate cheerful and resolute people
to all the renewed energies of benefi-
cient industry and material and moral
progress. 1t is altogether fitting that
we should humbly and gratefully &C.
knowledge the divine source of these
blessings.
Therefore, l hereby appoint Thurs.
day, the twenty-fifth day of November
as day of general Thanksgiving, and
call upon the people on that day lay.
ing aside their usual vocations to IL.
pair to their churches and unite in ap
propriate services of praise and
thanks to Almighty God.
I'm witness thereof 1 have here
unto set my hand and caused the sea
of the United States to be affixed.
Done at the city of Washington
this 18th day of November, in the yeal
of Our Lord, one thousand nine hun
dred and nine and of the independence
of the United States, the one hundred
and thirty-fourth.
WILLIAM H. TAFT"
Twice-a-week plain dealer. (Cresco, Howard County, Iowa) 1895-1913, 1909-11-23

we had dragged ourselves sou miles
over the polar sea in twenty-four days.
Including delays and detourS. this gave
an average of nearly thirteen miles
daily on an air line in our course.
There remained an unknown line of
100 miles before our ambitions could
be satisfied. The same average ad-
vance which we had made on the pack
would take us to the pole in thirteen
days. There were food and fuel enough
to risk this adventure.
Work and Observations.
In the diary of the succeeding days
doings there appear numerous tabu-
lations of work and observations. In
the new cracks the thickness of the
ice was measured. The water was ex-
amined for life. The technical details
for the making and breaking of ice
were studied. and some attention was
given to the altitude of uplifted and
submerged irregularities.
Atmospheric. surface water and ice
temperatures were taken. the barome-
ter was noted. the cloud formations,
weather conditions and ice drifts were
tabulated. There was a continuous
routine of work which does not appear
here. 1t belongs to the specific details
of the history of the exploration,
which will appear in the later pubica-
tion of scientific data.
This work. like the effort of the foot
in the daily drive of duty, became
more or less automatic and does not
at any time enter as an active part Of
the story. AS we now run along over
seemingly endless fields of ice the
physical appearances come under a
careful scrutiny watched daily for
possible signs of dangerous failure in
strength. for serious disability now
meant fatal termination.
A disabled man could neither con-
tinue nor return. but every examine
ton gave another reason to push hui
man endurance to the limit of tho
strain of every fiber and cell. The
hard WORK which followed. under an
occasional burst of burning sunbeams,
brought intense thirst.
Soup Luxury.
Forcing the habit of the camel. we
managed to take enough water before
starting to keep sufficient liquid in the
veins for the days march. but it was
difficult to await the melting of the ice
at camping time.
In two sittings-evening and morn
ing-each took an average of three
quarts of water daily. This included
the tea and also the luxury of an oc-
casional soup. There was wafer about
everywhere in heaps, but it was in
crystals. and before the thirst could
be quenched several ounces of pre-
cious fuel. which had been carried
thousands of miles. must be used And
still this water. so expensive and SO
necessary to u.s. ultimately became the
greatest bane to comfort. 1t escaped
through the pores of the skin. satu.
rated the boots. formed band of ice
under the knee and belt of frost
about the waist, while the face was
Twice-a-week plain dealer. (Cresco, Howard County, Iowa) 1895-1913, 1909-11-23
PLUNKETT SPEAKS
Points Out Needs of Farms in
Prairie Club Address.
SIGNS 0FRURAL DEPOPULATION
Noted Irish Statesman Says That the
Food Supply of the Nation Will
Be Cut Off Unless Rush
to City Ceases.

Des Moines, Nov. 13-Unless the
mad rush from the country to the
cities soon ceases, the food supply of
the people will be cut off and there
will be a physical and intellectual
degradation among the people. Sir
Horace Plunkett Of Ireland, until re-
Gently chief of the department of ag-
r1culture, threw out this warning in
his address before the Prairie club
at the Slavery. He said that this in
flux OF the rural population to the
city was national menace.
There are signs of rural depopu-
lation all over the world, although
America has done exceedingly we'll
to retain it's rural supremacy" he
said. THE subject is one known now
as economics for the draining of the
country districts of it's people spells
decadence OF the farms. The influx
OF the best people to the city, l be-
HeVe, Increases their intelligence but
dlmlnishes the physical powers 1t is
said family In city will entirely
die out In three generations, so,
working on this theory it seems that
the cities must be reinforced by PEG.
pie from the farms.
Life in the city is so artificial
The average city child grows into
adolescence without knowing how the
human body lives. The city child
does not get next to the greatest OF
things. The country man may not be
so quick in intellect but he is next
to nature and knows more about the
big things of life than the urbanite
ever dreamed Of. He gets all there is
in life"
Twice-a-week plain dealer. (Cresco, Howard County, Iowa) 1895-1913, 1909-11-23

polar gateway to it's sweep of the
northern ice at midnight. From the
end of the polar night late in Febru-
airy to the first of the double days and
midnight suns we had forced trail
through darkness, blood hardening
temperature and over leg breaking IT.
Irregularities of an unknown world of
ice to an area 200 miles from the pole.
The Midnight Sun.
Now we had the sun Enthusiastically
at midnight. and its new glory was
quite an incentive to our life of shiv
ers. Observations on April placed
camp at latitude Sc degrees SO min
utes. longitude 81 degrees minutes.
In spite of what seemed like long
marches we had advanced only JOG
miles in nine days Much of our hard
work was lost in circuitous twists
high. irregular fields of very old ice.
The drift ice was throwing us to the
east with sufficient force to give us
some anxiety, but with eyes closed to
danger and hardships the double days
of fatigue and glitter quickly followed
one another.
The temperature. ranging between
SO and as degrees below zero f., kept
persistently near the freezing point of
mercury, and. though the perpetual
sun gave light and color to the cheer
less wastes. we were not impressed
with any appreciable sense of warmth.
Indeed. the sunbeams seemed to make
the frost of the air pierce with a more
painful sting.
There was "a weird play Of orgies.
seemingly most impressive at this
time-clouds of steam rose from the
frozen seas. In marching over the
golden glitter snow scalds the face.
while the nose is bleached with frost.
The sun rose into zones of fire and set
into burning fields Of ice. but with
pain we breathe the chill of death.
In camp grip Of the knife left pain
full burns from cold metal. TO the
frozen finger the water was hot. With
wine spirits the fire was lighted. while
oil delighted the stomach. In dreams
heaven was hot. the other place was
cold. All nature was false. We seem
ed to be nearing the chilled flame of
new hades. In our hard life there
was nothing genuinely warm. The
congenial appearances were all decep-
ton, but death offered only cold COM
fort. There was no advantage in sui.
eide.
We should have enjoyed this curious
experience. but with endless bodily
discomforts. combined in aching mus
cles and an overbearing languor, there
could be no real joys from the glories
Of nature. The pleasure was reserved
for later retrospect.
We now changed our working hours
from day to night. beginning usually
at 10 and ending at Z. The big march
es and prolonged hours of travel with
which fortune favored us earlier were
no longer possible. Weather condi-
lions were more important in deter
Twice-a-week plain dealer. (Cresco, Howard County, Iowa) 1895-1913, 1909-11-23
system Was
Poisoned
BY constipation and deranged kidneys.
Cured by DR.. A. w. CHASE'S
KIDNEY and LIVER PILLS

Headaches, backaches, aching limbs,
Indigestion, biliousness, kidney de-
rangcments and the most serious
diseases imaginable often have their
beginning with constipation.
There is one treatment which has a
direct and combined action on the
bowels, the liver and the kidneys and
gets these organs into good working
order in remarkably quick time, and
that is DR.. A. w. Chasc's Kidney and
Liver Pills.
Mrs. Mary Z. Burger, IS Van Buren,
Street, Kingston, N. Y, writes: 81
was troubled with kidney disease and
constipation. The bowel trouble had
lasted for three years, and no doubt led
to the arrangement of the kidneys.
My father had one of the old Receipt
Books, and I decided to use DR.. A. w.
Chase s Kidney and Liver Pills. Il
took two boxes of these pills to
thoroughly regulate the kidneys and
bowels.''
One pill a dose, 25 cents box, at
all dealers or DIR. A. " Chase Medicine
Co., Buffalo, N. Y.
For Sale by P. A. CT INNER, Druggi is
Twice-a-week plain dealer. (Cresco, Howard County, Iowa) 1895-1913, 1909-11-23
FOOTBALL MEN ExoNERATED.

Not Responsible for Death Of Archer
Christian, Says Coroner.
Washington, Nov. 16. = Players of
both teams were exonerated of all re-
sponsibility for the death of young
Archer Christian, who succumbed to
injuries received Saturday in the foot
ball game between the University of
Virginia and Georgetown university
here. The death of the Virginia play
er was declared by the coroner's jury
last night to be purely an accident.
Twice-a-week plain dealer. (Cresco, Howard County, Iowa) 1895-1913, 1909-11-23
BUILD WASHINGTON MEMORIAL.
Movement to Raise s2,5oo,ooo For
Building at the Capital.

New York, Nov. 16.-Announcement
has been made that distinguished men
and women are behind movement to
raise $2,500,00O before February %
next, for Gearge Washington mo
mortal building at Washington. D. c.,
which shall serve as headquarters for
scientific, patriotic, educational and
AIT organizations. 1t is declared that
much of the money is pledged.