The Parma herald. (Parma, Idaho) 1903-1917, 1909-01-14

more adIl TITAN necessary 70 III lIt i
voids In the gravel and then adding 10 ,
the mixture Of sand and gravel enough !
cement 70 a little more than FIJI the
voids in the entire mixture.
The mixing platform should be 10 or
IL feet wide, and may be made from
one or two inch boards 10 70 IL feet
long and may be laid directly on the
ground, VIII ch has been previously
leveled. A few stakes may be driven
on each side to keep the boards in
place.
For proportioning the concrete it is
usually accurate enough TO assume that
a sack Of cement holds one cubic foot.
Thus in making l-2-3 mixture, We
would use one sack of cement, two Gu
bic feet Of sand and three cubic feet Of
gravel, or, for four sacks Of cement We
would use eight cubic feet Of sand and
twelve cubic feet Of gravel.
If the contents Of the wheelbarrow
used is known, this can be used to
measure the proportions. If not,
good plan is to make a box to feet
square and IL inches deep, but without
top or bottom. This can then be placed
on the platform and sand or gravel in
the proper amount can be placed in it.
Simply lifting the box away will leave
the sand or gravel on the platform
ready for mixing.
In mixing, the sand should first be
I spread on the platform to a depth Of
three to five inches. Empty the desir-
/ ed number Of sacks Of cement on top Of
the sand and turn dry with a shovel
until thoroughly mixed when the whole
mass will have q uniform color. The
required amount Of gravel should now
be added on top Of the sand and cement,
the whole turned over once a day. and
the turning continue until the whole
mass is thoroughly mixed, and Of q
rather shiny nature. The amount Of
water needed will depend largely on
the nature and dryness Of the sand anc
gravel and can best be determined By
adding the water with bucket rather
slowly to the first batch until the prop
er consistency has been attained.
For most farm work a fairly wet
mixture, one in which the water vii
flush to the surface quite readily OF
tamping, is preferred.
For making fence posts, drain tile
ETC., where specified forms are used, ;
, drier mixture is to be preferred. II
general it may be said that the dryel
the mixture the more ramming o.
tamping is required. But in no cas-
should the tamping be neglected
Enough ramming should always b.
done to insure that the mass is as dens'
, as it is possible TO make it.
Suggestions for Commission.
At a meeting OF the agriculture
, faculty of the Oregon Agriculture
College on November 30. the reQues
. OF President Roosevelt's Country Lii
! Commission for suggestions thu
J might aid the commission in maxim
p its report was discussed and the FOL
l lowing statement prepared:
! If federal appropriations are to b
made for improving social an
= economic conditions in rural CON
munities. It is recommended, frs
e that they be made 10 existing hig
S schools and normal schools for tn
a purpose of maintaining courses OF II
struction in agricultural. industri'
: and domestic arts. and including bus
: ness methods and home sanitation. 5
that all public school teachers ma
/. have the training necessary for teaci
: ing those subjects in the publ
i schools.
: Second. that in order 10 secure Il
Y full efficiency OF the agricultural co
Il leges and experiment stations. the nj
n tional government should corporal
, with the states in agricultural extc'
o sion work. this work TO be under Il
p direct supervision OF the agriouitur
= colleges With an adequate approDr
= alton a comprehensive system OF ira
" cling agricultural schools. farmer
Institutes and free circulating librari
"a could be maintained. and publication
! issued for free distribution so that Z
ID important discoveries OF the exDeI
y ment stations could be given to ever
'e farSer of every state