davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Der Deutsche beobachter. [volume] (New Philadelphia, Ohio) 1869-1911, 1909-01-14

S5 tperbe einbunberttaueno 80 Gent ed6adtsn n.sis
nes Hbeumattsmus eilmittes rGlora Sonic" fret perz
ienOen unb eoer eOenbe 2efer 1T b6fli9lt e1selaoe
I'm eine 5u f9reiben
Ga1s Sbr leibenb ieib an Rbeumatismus, enttpeber
hroniihem entsinodem ober mustulD1em, unb 5bredz
lt9e pein erlebet blr9 6uftenpeb, 2enbenpeb ooer
gid9t tutbt sbr pas es meint sebet gu nerben. Sbr
nbt oab es Der Mube pertb iein pirb, gu freben um
bic frsie so @ts. Sdadl gu betomnen, bic i an ole
t9de, bic oarum anfragen. Sbr psrbe iiderli6 senus
uaiibe bes Sdreibens gu beaablen. 9
DAB anbere Msitel fd erfolslos bepielen, Fat Gu6
tp 10 piee onoere. pieeit entmutbot besbab, Inn mei
prtltaes 9eilmitel mebr ausemen betannt gu maiden
babe m mid ntfdofien, oieie Nuantitd 5u Derz
fdenen iobaB soer nann unb jebe Srau es elb probi
rem uno t9 bon BET Wabrhe meiner Mngaben iberseuz
gen fann. 2eg aes anbere beiYeite unb freiht , ne
freie SO Gts. @ael ugloria Sonic; es pirb Der po
franfo berfanbt Nts tpirb fir biefes padet beredne
tpeber iebt mod ipder. Sals meine Setlmel nidht
Der er0bmOsliben 6eilipirlrg pirbe es fir MID teinsn
3tped baben, es alf biefe We1e gu berienber
Sd entbsdte biees ei1n1ittel burd3 einen sludtden
3ufam nGhrsnb iD elm Snba[ibe bnrf 3beumati5uu5
mar. unb es baf mir mebr in elmer oc, als ale onoe
Der Deutsche beobachter. [volume] (New Philadelphia, Ohio) 1869-1911, 1909-01-14

Sod flatterte lie Der locomotive
enteeeen. ssyebt bemerfte iie Der Sub
rer. Gr itoppte - Der 3ug bielt.
Die pofagiere tletterten aus ben
Magen unb id)uarten iih erItaunt Inn
bic Gruppe. Oa lag beiinnungslos
etn blutiiberftrOnter StredenpGrter,
uno neben ibm itano einer nit blutiz
ger SABINE.
Stepbanitfb lieB einen finiteren
8lid in bic Munbe sebe;l. oann neiste
er ben acpf.
.ginbet MIDI" fpraeb ct pumpf,
nS9 lDfte bic S9iene."
Der Deutsche beobachter. [volume] (New Philadelphia, Ohio) 1869-1911, 1909-01-14
9eutide 8at)er
y ezra fen.

Die foteenoen beiiebten &omane t6n'
nen in DER Office oieies glattes besogen
peroen:
Goll mnb Gaben, pon@. ssreitaa 75t
Nus elmer fleineu 0arntion 5Ot
Warbinenpreoisten 3Ot
Qeibeiaen 25s
Ser Rr6ius ban philadelphia Sbt
Sic Strn6e Der 0erIoruen 25s
Das 3ei9eu ber Bier S5'
Scr Gunb ban 8asierbille 35s
afteniad 30. 113 35s
auf bnnteln Wesen 35s
GrsdbItes nno GrIebtes 25s
Der Deutsche beobachter. [volume] (New Philadelphia, Ohio) 1869-1911, 1909-01-14
Die rot6e 5o6ne.
Nad oem GufIben oes 6arfdin pon Nelofher
1snaikum.

Gemion Stpanon tpar Gifenbabus
tpGrter. Sein 0dushen itanb 3tpii1en
5tDei @tationen. BON benen bic cine
5ebn, bic anbere alpDlf Rilometer melt
entfernt NOR. Sn Der Ndbe CAB es
lnirgenbno Elm 0aus. 91ur ber hote
@1ornitein elmer Gabrit luste aus
BEN MaIbe berpor.
Spanoip mar fmip6hli9 unb bate
nnter ben Nnhpirtungen bes Gelbz
5uges az leiben. ben er por neun Sob
,ren mitmn4te. Den gan5en Rrieg
binburb mar e Dffi5itrsburf4e gez
trefen. Da hatte e. bunsern, frieren
ilnb fhniben miiFen. Dur9 ben aus
9elregen binburh mubte er bGufig iei=
iiem 6errn in Der WorpDftentette M1its
tngefen unb 9bee brinsen. 9ber er
tam INNER nit beiler 6aut bapon.
WObl pfiffen iibm bic blauen Bobnen
nm bic Dbren. bod teine traf i'm. gr
bradte einen tii9tigen Rbeumatismus
nit nod 9aufe. @ein @ater mar inz
3lpif6en seitorben unb au9 iein ein<
5iges Rinb. Elm pieridbriger Sunae,
lag in Der grbe. l1nb bo es i'm besz
balb ni6t mebr in Der 6ein1atb litt,
in Der Seimatb. bic fir piel Mrbeit
tpenis 8rot CAB. 10 aog er nit feinem
Wetbe umber. Nirgenbs gliidte es
ibnen, unteroutommen. Oa nabm
feline Trau cine @tellung, tpdbrenb er
tpeiter fu6te. 9lIs er zines ,Sases an
einen Stationsgebdube porbeifom,
,itano eerabe Der gbef in Der Sbiire.
Gr fam Stpanop befarnt bor. War
bas nt6t elm Sreunb feinss Sffi5iers?
Mu9 btefer erfannte ibn.
/ .8iit 9u nidt Spanolp9"
.Satpobl, Guer Gnaben, Der bin
/ .Mo tpmn1t Du ber9"
rS9 bin auf Der Mrbeitiu9e, guer
Gnaben."
Der @tationsdef fann einen Musen=
Bid nach.
rBift On perbeiratbet9"
/ .Salpobl, Guer Gnoben. Meine
Jran lit in Gteuune BEL einen1 aaufs
mann."
.Gjut, Du fannit bierbleiben. sluf
meiner Strede tpirb Elm 8abntpdrtere
bausGen fret. Dos fplIf Dn betoms
men. Gbreibe Deiner syrau, bab lie
na9 bier reiit. Cine syreitarte fannit
Du Dir na9bsr fir Iie bolen."
rSaufenb Danf, tauienb Danf,
Guer @naben!"
l go blieb spanon auf ber Citation,
bnlf In be- Giibe, mn1te 6ol5 Helm
asnb fegte bic 5tuben. Na9 pieraebn
9ngen ettpa fam feline Grau. Da
fndtel iie ibr MGrterfGus1en auf.
Gs mar Elm fleiner Gemiiiegarten ba>
bei unb 3u beiben Geiten bes Dam=,
mes Elm paar Morgen Mderlanb. Dos
Gbepaor frsute ii9 unb mahte pldne.
Ee@t baIb bic Mirtbfdaft 3u Dtrsr5s
Bern.
BON Dienft lpesen beiom e Die
pan5e MusFnttung. Cine rotbe unb
hne grii1e Gobne. loteruen. Meriaeuge
nnb bos NegIement. Die eriten 9ose
6otte SncnDlu senug ~ tbnn. bas lets
terA ousmsnbtg 5u Iernen; benn nit
eeuf Gsjen boptrte g iebr. Mbtr es
0ine.
6ommeroeit mar q. olS Slponoip
ielneM poten antrot. 8lpd Ulonate
63n1eu i&nen bortei. MnmdIig let1ie
s Ielue No&borR isnnen. Der eine
ns sMsp ~ melb pie AZ. 9r ipHnte
1 nsd borp1 filInmmen u1b ~
tte Mgtpe Ill tn &stnfu9l bos N
9s1 ~ n ~ G6nas. ~ osa1
Der Deutsche beobachter. [volume] (New Philadelphia, Ohio) 1869-1911, 1909-01-14

rem Mtttl in sSa6ren setban batten. @eitbem 6at es
9unberte Qnoere sebet - 5Gne, bic 80 BIS 40 sabre
alt paren, 4erionen i'm Nlter BON 20 Biz 80 obren.
Gtnise oerelben paren fo elsnb bab fe fb nid febt
anaieben, ni4t auein efien tonnten.
@ea4tet id perlanse tein G3elb. Sd perlanoe uur.
oab S1r bic SO Gent Safel .Glora 2onic" auf meine
aoen perfudt, nno falls mebr oapon seDunfdt pirb.
lisfere id es gu einem mdbsen preis.
Shnetbet ben Rouppn aus unb fc5idt lin an mid
NIT Gurem Namen unb MbreIe unb nit penbenber poff
perbet Sbr bas reie pade iopie bas freie Bud iber
Rbsumotsmus erbalten peldes nit faonen lebensqe=
treuen gbern llufrirt 1T, unb gud aIes iber guren
San erflGren tprb.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1909-03-19
A School Boys Idea of It.

Often there is lot of unconscious
humor in the compositions of school
children. Sometimes when we come
across these compositions in the news
papers and magazines we are suspic-
ions OF them. through a feeling that
they have been tempered with by hu-
moriStS of maturer years. 1t is fairly
safe, however, to trust u publication
like the Educational Review which
publishes under the caption, IS Edu-
cation a Falure?" the following essay
written By a Massachusetts school boy
after visiting the recent tuberculosis
exhibit. The youugster used his eyes
and ears and then went home and
then went home and wrote as follows:
Tuberculosis was started in 1854 by
Dr. Tru!eau, who had it in the Adj
rrndatkS. Although consumption is
not hrrited and does not belong to this
climate. it is getting very popular. 1t
is often cured For instance, a young
boy was operated on for appendicitis
found to be full of tubcrcle. He was
quickly scwed up, and his father
bought him d sweater and out of door
outfit and now he is doing we'll. In
Colorado where people have consump-
ton they had to take their furniture
ont and build d tent and live in it
out of doors In one of the pictures of
Colorado show where a man sat II
hours with his hands foed. The people
of Colorado was very healthy, but
Colorado is very ConSumptiVc state.
also Massachusetts is Twelve good
brcaths = day will cure consumption.
Consumption is germ disease and
threc-fourths of all consumptives are
cured. The sleeping bags are very use
full to the consumptive people because
they can put their heads alone into
them or leave their heads out and put
the rest of the bodies into them.
saw the germs. 1t is a big white ball
with blue spots on it. | think it would
be fine to sleep in one of those beds
with tine head inside and the lungs out
side
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1909-03-19

formances of the Royal choral society.
and one evening as he received his fare
he astonislled the eminent conductor
ly criticisinG the tempo at Which he
took some Of the messiah" choruses
on a previous occasion. This started Il
friendship between the musician an,
the cdhman, and the former discovered
IL the latter a very solid foundation
OF musical knowledge and got tn thin.:
highly IF his opinions. On one acca =
sion. indeed, the cabman asked him to
perform a new oratOrlO by FeroSl
(Which Sir Frederick had not then
SEEM and offered to lend him copy If
the score.-London Notes.
At Il restaurant in the Wall-Strcct
district where the walters all speak
French and many of them German
there is d popular waiter who is known
to various regular customers as Franz
Frank and Francois. He speaks Ger
man and French with equal fluency,
and on that account was the subject OF
Il bet which he had to decide recently.
One man who had known the waiter
for years said that Franz was German
another was just as certain that he was
French, and third said that both
men Wee wrong and that the lingust
waiter undoubtedly came from Alsatis,,
or from that part of Switzerland where
every child speaks three languages.
each with a foreign accent. They We're
all surprised to hear that Frank, as he
prefers to be called. was born in the oth
ward, and has never been farther from
New York than WashinSton-N
York Tribune.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1909-03-19

The New York correspondent Of the
San Francisco Call writes to that pa
per that New York has a Hebrew
population of about a million. which
makes it the largest Jewish city in the
World At the next municipal election
the voters of the metropolis will be
confronted with condition which
their fathers would have thought In
possible; that is, in voting for the
mayor they may have to choose be-
tween two Hebrews The possible
candidates named in this forecast are
Nathan Straus on the Democratic tick
ct, and Adolph Lewisohn. as the Re
publican candidate. 1.-THE friends OF
these two men say" writes the Cali
correspondent, "that if the city of
Rome, the seat OF the Christian church.
can elect Ernesto Nathan. an orthodox
Jew. to the office of mayor. there seems
to be no good reason why New York
should not choose for the same honor
Nathan Straus or Adolph Lewisohn."
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1909-03-19
The Willow Industry.

A new and growing industry in the
valley of the Missouri river is that of
growing and shipping young willow
trees Here in New England we have
the Christmas tree industry as side
issue-quite a distance on the side, to
be sure-in the lumber business, and
willow withes are occasionally still
used for binding corn in the field or
for purposes of discipline in the hands
of rural school ma'ams. But along the
Missouri they raise willows on
wholesale scale for a very different
purpose The Kansas City Star tells
us that in the last three months there
have been shipped from East Kansas
City 40 fat-car loads of trimmed
willows and the railroad is taking out
more as fast as the willow plantations
can furnish the crop. These young
willows are planted along the banks
Of the Missouri river to assist in the
work of keeping that tickle stream in
its channel and break it of it's long
established habit of going off on
rampage in new directions whenever it
The government is assisting in the
work and its regulations require the
trees shall be more than II feet high
and between y and 21-2 inches in
diameter at the butts. After patch
Of these trees has been cut the ground
looks like stubblefield of corn The
rev sprouts, however, look more like a
field of wheat-if wheat only had that
peculiar reddish tinge that willows
take on at this time of the year. In
two and a half or three years after
cutting willows will grow up again to
the size required for bikes or for
plating into mats. The willows now
being bought by the railway are for
Arkansas River between Spiro and
Fort Smith, Ark. The bikes that arc
being constructed run out into the
river $50 feet and are of willows held
in place with large steel cables. Since
Dec. IL nearly 500 carloads of trees
not all of these willows-have been
dumped into the river. The sand fill
ing the creviccs between the bundles
of willows makes Il strong and
economical pier. The steel cables in
sure the safety of the pier until the
sand has done its work. In cutting
and trimming the willows the harvest
ers use nothing but ordinary corn
knives.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1909-03-19

Every winter there are many freak
bills introduced in the various legiSia-
lures in session throughout the
country. and while the people i'll cacn
state generally understand the nature
of the freak bills of their own legis-
laturo these bills are frequently mis-
understood beyond the borders of that
particular state. For instance, thee
is hardly an exchange which comes to
the Journal office which has not com
mcntcd. most of them humorously but
Il few wholly seriously. over the bill
for taxation of bachelors which a
member has introduced. or suggested
introducing, in the Maine Legislature.
This particular form of freak bill APP
pears with untailing regularity IN
various parts of the Union, and this
winter it appears to De the fate OF
Maine to become the butt of the jokes
which it's appearance inevitably in
Vu:vcS.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1909-03-19
The Rines Hill Crossing.

1t will be pleasing news 10 the peo-
pie of Augusta to learn that bill was
reported to the legislature yesterday
by common agreement Of all the par
ties interested. which if it is given a
passage and is subsequently approved
by the citizens of Augusta at special
election-as there is every reason to
believe will be the case-will enable
get rid of the Rines Hill Crossing which
has SO long been a menace to the lives
of our citizens, and of the thousands
of people who come and so through our
city on the steam and electric cars.
The bill will leave the parties interest
ed in position to begin immediate work
upon this great Improvement as soon
as the frost is out of the ground and
push it to an early completion. The
bill is drawn upon the lines if the gen.
eral law which is in force in Massachu-
sets and Vermont. This law has prov
ed very satisfactory in those states,
and will. we believe be satisfactory in
it's application to the very serious prob
lem that has SO long existed at Rines
Hill. Under the terms the city's liabil
ity shall not, under any circumstances
exceed $1,000, and it may be less.
We are confident that our citi~
zens will feel that in getting rid
of this crossing on SO reasonable
terms the city will be a very
large gamer Not only will the rail-
road crossing at the foot of Rines Hill
be entirely abolished but the grade of
the hill will be materially leSsened,
making it not only safe and convenient
for the travelling public to come and go
from Water street but also vastly east
er. The bill. while in the nature of d
compromise on the part of all the in
tcrcsts involved is believed to be an
tnlinently fair one for all concerned.
Best of all it will afford immediate re-
so long mcnced the public at this
point. There will no longer be any de-
lays at this point. With the elimina-
ton of the crossing the heavy travel
up and down Rnes Hill will be both
convenient and continuous We feel
that members Of the Legislature gen
orally recognize the great danger of let
ting this dangerous crossing so longer
and that the measure agreed upon by
all the parties interested will be given a
speedy passage. 1t will then be up to
the voters of Augusta to pass upon the
measure at a special election and we
believe that. by an overwhelming vote
they will give it the endorsement that
will mean the permanent doing away
with the dangers and inconvenience
that have long hampered traffic to and
from Water street, and have long made
this crossing recognized by common
consent. as by far the most dangerous
one i'm Maine
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1909-03-19
The New Collector of Charleston.

Charleston, 5. c.. ought to be happy
again. since Il white man once more
holds the position of collector of Gus
toms at that port. Dr. William d.
Crum, d colored man, was appointed
to this position in 1903 10y President
Roosevelt and remained in office until
Il few weeks ago, when he resigned to
save President Taft embarrassment.
Crum's efficiency and honesty as col
Icctor of customs as Charleston. None
of his white critics have had word
to say against him except as to his
color. and when it comes to thar they
all agree that he is about as white Il
man az Il black man possibly can be.
Other coorcd men have been APP
pointed to various positions of trust
under the federal government
throughout the southern states, but
none of them in recent years have
aroused so much resentment and feel
Consequently South Carolina, and the
whole South for that matter, draws d
sign of relief now that the new PrcSi-
dent has named a white man as col
lector at Charleston. This action is in
keeping with his promise to the p"oplo
of the South while visiting in that
section before his inauguration,
promise based upon his feeling that
appointments as far as possible should
served by the man appointed. So
bitter has been the opposition to DIR.
Crum that although he has been in
Office over six years, he has been but
once confirmed by the Senate. This
one confirmation took place in the
5Sth Congress and the remainder Of
the time has been covered by recess
appointments and appointments II
the same man. 1t has been d unique
case. attracting wide attention. and
now that DR.. Crum retires from public
life to devote himself to his profession
among the people of his race, it is to
be hoped that peace will prevail in
Charleston.
The new collector, L. w Durant, Jr..
a young Republican. is native oi
Minnesota who has been in Charles
ton only seven or eight years. but the
papers speak of it as a very popular
appointment. He is one of the Lead
ing business men of the city, manager
of one of the largest lumber manufdt-
turing interests in the South. and in
terested in various banking enter
prises and industrial concerns.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1909-03-19
MAINE EDITORIAL COMMENT.
Democratic Pretense and Puerility
portland PreSSl

(fOTtldHu fIcSSJ.
The alleged attempt of the Republic
cans of the Legislature to steal
march on the Democrats and put
through the Eaton resolve in their alb
sencp has terribly shocked that party
Of high moral ideas Words almost fail
them for the expression of their indig
nation. They denounce it as "a mean
plot" "a low down political trick"
"a resort to unfair Methods 'repre-
hensibie tactics" "trickery," and vari-
Gus ether synonyms. They never would
be guilty OF such a thing-never-no
matter how good the chance and strong
the temptation. Il will not touch
tobacco" said little Robert Reed. But
as VIC are taught by the old fable, it
makes all the difference in the world
whose ox is gored when it comes to
the question of settling the bill of dam
ages. If conditions had been reversed
and it had been the Democratic party
which was attempting to put through
a piece Of party policy. it is probable
that the party papers would have seen
the matter in different light In that
case it would not have been a low
down. mean and contemplate trick but
parliamentary device and a piece Of
legitimate strategy.
Such strategy. if it was contemplated
or attempted, may not have been on
the high moral plane of altruism, but
it is not easy to see why it should be
denounced as unfair fighting. One
player is not bound by the rules to tell
the other what moves he proposes to
make in the game. That is the look
out of the other fellow. The Repub-
leans had announced in their platform
and by the action of their party eau
Gus what object they intended to seek.
This was to submit a constitutional
amendment empowering the Governor
to remove delinquent sherffs. and
conditional upon its acceptance was
attached the repeal of the Sturgis act.
The Democrats may not have liked
this program; in fact, they did not,
and they announced their intention to
thwart it if possible. That was all
right: it was their right to do SO if
they could. and as they had over
third of the House it seemed in their
power to do so, if they kept their forces
together and their eyes wide open to
guard against surprises If, however.
they should be caught mapping and Off
their guard. and the Republicans seiz-
ing the chance should put their resolve
through by the requisite majority, the
latter would do only what the Demo-
Gratis would do if they had the chance.
TIER indignation is either pretended
Oh punrile.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1909-03-19

In one of his recent addresses Ill tne
South. President Eliot of Harvard sad
that when he retires from his present
position this spring he proposes to set
himself 10 .he task of selecting enough
books to fill a five-foot shelf. the read
ing of which books for 10 minutes a
day will give any person liberal ed
ucation. In an earlier lecture DR. Eliot
in speaking of the same matter. men
toned a three-foot shelf, but evidently
there has come to him in the meantime
a greater realization of the many good
books in the world. OF the making OIL
books there is no end. but most OIL
them are trash and rubbish or worse.
A five-foct shelf would contain prooa-
bly about so volumes and there VIII De
much interest in the list which this
eminent educator will draw up OF the
80 best books Any of us can name
some of them, but there will be wide
differences of opinion as regards the
majority OF them. -
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1909-03-19
PeopIe of a Iona Past.

Between the region occupied OF on, n1uth
the Aztecs and the realm far TO the =. SIM i'm.
over which the Incas ruled hes am,sand
menSe stretch of territory. tho 'rbere
miles long and eight hundred wlue, %Serful
the remains of unknown ana WON'T n ,rhls
civilizations are being discovereuh; ound.
region extends from the northern. , oG Of
aries of Peru to the southern lial' along
Costa Rica. In one section ai, o!,e, nm
the coast of Ecuador SIX emu tiith roucht
known civilizations were recently eSsyils
to light by Prof. Marshall H. 90 ." heen
and a vast collection of relics , ,ias IS
brought to New York. This i.eru'erican
to be the nucleus of great "a history
museum. which will represent tne on ex-
of ancient peoples who attainet '.;,ization.
traordinarily high degree OF CIV hither.
yet whose very existence has peei' nv
to lost in antiquity. :. pome At
The famed marble chairs OF I,. JnI Or
it's zenith were not more symines.innne o.
beautifully carved than those o. nottery
these unknown civilizations. NJ ,ore deli,
of any other ancient race was ~ in vast
cately patterned than that fou.,u as peb.i
quantities. as numerous Amos. extinct
bles, on the sites where THESE ~ truly
peoples dwelt Their cloth was design.
marvellous weave; in beauty " texture
richness of color and fineness U Van Nor.
no fabric of today surpasses lt'-'"A
denis Magazine.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1909-03-19

The copper industry in 1908 showed q
gradual recovery from the severe de
preston in the last part of 1907. Many
producers that had greatly curtailcd
or even suspended production in that
year began again to increase output
practically at the opening of 1908. and
in spite of the low price of the metal
nearly all the important producers of
1907 We're in operation throughout most
of 1908. and 4 few new companies be-
gan production during the year. The
rate of production has been steadily in
creasing. and is now greater than at
any other time in the history OF the in
dustry. 1t is estimated that the pro
duction Of blister and lake copper in
t96S from ores mined in the United
States will be greater by about $4,000.
900 pounds. or between 5 ana per
cent. than that in 1907, which was
S6S.996,491 pounds. Production of total
refined new copper by works in this
country can rot yet be given, but
probably it will hardly equal the out
put Of 1907. which was 1882, sic, 2i7
pounds astrological Survey.