davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-06-17

ton of 100 pounds of this feed per
day the animals obtained from the
feed over eight gallons of water, which
is more than was usually drank by
them when fed cured folders alone.
While no digestion experiments were
made with any Of the cacti other than
prickly pear, the digestion coefficients
of the latter could probably be safely
used for all. other members Of this
family, since their composition and
other characteristics are similar.
Animals scour quite badly when fed
prickly pear alone; besides, other feeds
are needed to supply the proper
amount of Of proteids; for these rea-
sons it is better not to feed it alone.
A ration for 1Oo0-pound mich COW
Of fifty pounds of prickly pear, ter
pounds of wheat bran and ten pounds
of alfalfa would furnish about the cor
rect theoretical amount of nutrients
in which the ratio of proteids to car.
bohydrates would be 1 to SAG.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-06-17
LOOKING INTO THE FUTURE

f w. Fame, the state forester, is in
yiting the people of Massachusetts, to
turn over their waste lands to the
state to be reforested. The owner is
given the privilege of buying back the
land in ten years for the actual cost OF
the improvements put on by the state
plus a low rate of interest. The state
sets out seedlings on these tracts OF
swamp or other waste places and care
fully cultivates and protects them I'M
til they are ten years old.
But it isn't the New England idea
of thrift to do something for nothing,
nor is Massachusetts going into the
forestry business for her health. Her
officials estimate good profits from the
industry-not as big perhaps as they
get from hogs and alfalfa out west, but
Still good, comforting profits.
They deal figures out something like
this: An acre of good timber al forty
years is worth $500. The state ha.
nearly 100000 acres Of forests ant
waste land, leaving out the parks. ant
it is figured that if these 3,000,00t
acres forty years from now are Gov
cred with nice trees they will be wortl
something around $S00000,0o0.
OF course much of the timber vii
have some tangible value after fiv,
wears growth from the Seeding. blu
the big results will come after prett.
much all the timber in adjoining state
unless they wake up-will be gone
At any rate the people of Massachu
setts are beginning to sit up and TAX
notice-as they always do at any SCUM
like a dollar--and the reforestatio
scheme seems to be pretty firml
| grounded.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-06-17
new USE FOR CORASTALkS
Governments Experiments for
Making Paper Out of These
Likely to Be Valuable.

Professor B. T. Galloway of the AZ
ricultural Department at washington
who has been experimenting with
cornstalks as a material for making
paper, announces that great progress
has been achieved along this line.
While he does not say that the expert
ments SO far prove that the thing Is
actually accomplished and is COM
mercial success, he is very hopeful that
it will work out satisfactorily.
The paper workers are greatly inter-
ested in the experiments because, If II
turns out that this great product OF
the farm can be turned into good paper
it will have marked effect on the
paper making industry.
Cornstalks are about the cheapest
product grown on the farm, and while
not entirely useless as stock food, mil
lions of acres are allowed to go en-
tirely to waste every year.
Paper making wood is becoming
somewhat scarce, although there is M
such famine in the northern woods al
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-06-17
THE PEAR ORCHARD

The first three or four years after
setting it is best to cultivate the pear
orchard in vegetables Of some sort,
but never in wheat or rye. The veget-
able crops require both manure and
cultivation, which benefit the young
pear trees.
When the pear tree makes a fine
growth the fifth year the orchard can
be put in clover and left two or three
years in that crop.
The first crop of clover may be
taken off, but the second crop should
never be taken off, but should be left
to rot on the ground to enrich the soil.
While the pear orchard is in clover
it is beneficial to hoe or grub around
each tree in the spring and keep the
soil loose around it; this destroys
many insects and also keeps them from
nesting there.
Each spring and fall wash down the
trunks and larger limbs of the trees
with solution of soft soap and water
about half and half. This will destroy
insects and keep the bark smooth and
healthy.
Keep down all suckers from around
the roots and remove all sprouts from
the trunks. The pear, however, needs
but little pruning if the trees make G
strong and vigorous growth for sew.
eral years. unless there is a tendenc.
| to grow too much in height at thu
expense of the width.
Low heads are more desirable. How
ever, when pruning is necessary /
should be done to conform to the hab
its and natural shape Of the tree
/ r, B. Rushing
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-06-17
LITTLE HELPS FOR FARMERS WIFE

Never wash tan or brown hose i'll
hot water or in water that has been
used for other clothes. Use tepid wa
ter and white soap, washing carefully
with the hands, rinse thoroughly and
hang at once to dry, and they will re-
tain their colors.
basin of cold water placed In an
oven that is too hot when baking will
bring down the temperature more
quickly and to better purpose than by
leaving the oven door open.
A vessel. of boiling vinegar kept on
the stove when cooking cabbage, on
lions or other vegetables will counter
/ act the odor, which is often offensive
when the house is closed.
Kerosene is excellent to clean en-
ameled bath tubs, marble wash bowls
or marble tables. Rinse we'll witt
strong soap suds to destroy. the odoi
j of the kerosene.
Never put hot food of any kind init
:. a refrigerator or meats or poultr.
/. without a plate under them. Neithe
leave meats wrapped in the papers il
which they are brought from market
Aunt Emily.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-06-17
EDITORIAL DICTUM

Many claim that travel is apt to
make a man discontented. but with
me travel breeds contentment. A trip
among fellow farmers in other sec
tions shows me how l may improve my
own methods. The more l travel
among successful farmers the more
thoroughly 1 am convinced that 1t is
more in the man than in the farm or
location. l have seen men on eastern
farms that We're naturally thin soil
who were making good money on their
Investments. while on the other hand l
have seen men who were losing money
every year on some of the most fertile
farms of the west. 1t is the man more
than the location.
Ever know man to scrub his hogs
unless he was intending to take them
to state fair? Well, l have. / have
a friend in central Ohio who keeps his
hogs as clean as his Jersey cows. He
declares If two lots of hogs are treated
alike in every respect, except that one
lot receives thorough scrubbing with
soap suds once in a WHILE there will
be a marked difference in favor of the
hogs that are washed when the time
for Strengthening comes. A clean bee
of straw, with a dry house, so as to af-
ford them comfort at night, will alst
promote thrift and growth. There ma.
be something in that argument
Certainly hog cannot be too clear
liz he tried. / do know, that naturall.
a hog is a pretty clean sort of ANNA
and he enjoys a bath as much as I
man does. If the hog Is considered ;
filthy animal that devours filthy foot
it is because OF the treatment given
Hogs will select clean and wholesom
food always If given the opportunit,
to do so.
The time is not far distant whel
people will place a higher estimat
upon the value of skim milk as a hu
man food Many of our scientific me
have devoted much study and atten
ton to this phase of the dairy bust
ness until they have solved the prob
lem of preserving this liquid food !
solid form, and already there are
number of powdered milk plants
operation and the demand for tt
product is rapidly increasing.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-06-17
GOOD MONEY IN BEANS

There is good profit in white field
beans. and they are pretty sure crop.
If the soil Is too rich the vines will
grow rank, or If the soil Is loose and
gravelly there will be difficulty in re-
tanning sufficient moisture A good
loan corn land Is the right soil.
use beans in four-year rotation--two
years clover, one year corn, followed
by beans.
Pillow after corn planting is done and
make a good, fine seed bed. Planting
occurs May Is to July perhaps the
most being planted in the first half OF
June. / use from one-half to three-
fourths of bushel per acre. drill
in rows % inches apart.
Up to the time OF poisoning the
cultivation Of beans Is practically the
same as for corn. 1t must be frequent
to destroy the weeds and preserve the
surface mulch, thereby conserving the
moisture of the lowerssoil. The branch
roots are so far developed at the time
of blossoming that further cultivation
will hurt rather than help the crop. II
| is a good plan to plant part of the
crop early and part late, as cultiva-
ton and harvesting are better dis
tributed and leaves days Of scarcity
of farm help. This Is a valuable fea.
ture.
Fertilizing is an important matter
lin raising beans. If the soil is too pool
LIT will not raise good beans and II
will not do to apply barnyard manure
directly to the crop. 1t pays better Il
apply manure year in advance, and u
the farmer will give this crop proper
attention he will find 1t will give him
as great returns for money and time
invested as anything he can raise.--E
l., Griffin. Michigan.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-06-17
BEES ARE INTERESTING

The most important product OBJ
tanned from bees is the honey. This
is scarcely different from the nectar as
secreted by flowers, the honey from
different plants being so little changed
by the process of storage and curing
in the hive that the honey from each
kind of plant retains its particular
color and flavor In collecting and
storing it the bees simply pump it into
the honey sack and from this it is
forced back through the proboscis and
deposited in the cells of comb in the
hive.
Wax is. a product of the bees, and
lis produced from. glands and is used
in the formation of comb. The archi-
lecture of the bee is therefore depend
ent upon a particular kind of material
produced by the bee itself, and is dis
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-06-17
BucKwHEAT AS A CATCH CROP

We sometimes lose our seeding IL
the oats or wheat and rather than re.
seed we plow the ground as soon aftei
the harvest as possible and SOW t.
buckwheat. Buckwheat is an exhaus.
tive crop, but occasionally use 1t u
further my grass seeding plans. have
never failed in getting good catch OF
grass or clover, though sometimes
buckwheat fails in making good crop
When weeds grow in the wheat stub.
BILE after harvest you may be sure that
the clover seed is gone. 1t takes only
about sixty days for buckwheat to
grow and ripen. It will usually yield
10 to 20 bushels per acre, SO 1t pays
well for the labor involved and at thu
same time makes a fine shade and
protection. for young grass and clover
sown at the same time with buck
wheat SOW about three pecks pei
acre, with $50 pounds of phosphate,
Much nitrogen is leached through the
soil If there is not some growing crop to
preserve it. Buckwheat consumes but
small amount of nitrogen, while the
clover gathers an abundance of this
necessary element.-E. S. Keasey.
Michigan.
Milk is plentiful now and the hens
ought to have their full share of 1t.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-06-17
STOCK EAT PRICkLY PEARS
Results Of Experiments Made
at New Mexico Experiment
Station Show This.
BY PROFESSOR B. F. HARE.
New Mexico Experiment Station.

The increased use of the prickly pear
(the fiat-jointed members of the genus
opuntia) as feed for all classes Of ru-
minants, especially for range and dairy
cattle, makes itsimportant for the pro-
per preparation of az ration that the
feeder know how much digestible nu-
trients to expect from feeding a given
quantity of the plant either alone or
mixed with other feeding stuffs.
Experiments seem to show that when
prickly pear is fed with cured folders
or grains, the digestibility of both is
increased
The nutritive ratio is very wide for
this feed, and in feeding it to all
classes Of animals, for whatever pur.
pose, much better results should be
obtained when it is fed with some sub
stance of high protein content
The steers experimental upon sell
dom drank water when fed prickly
pear alone. In fact in feeding ra-
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-06-17

set it away in cool, dark place. In
few hours the salt will dissolve, the
surplus brine drain off, and the salt
becomes absorbed all through 1t.
When this stage has been reached,
work it over by pressure only until 1t
is as dry as can be made, then mold
it into rolls or cakes, or pack 1t into
pals or tubs.
In the latter case press the butter in
solidly and pour over it a little water,
which then pour off and sprinkle lit
| tie salt over it.
I Exposure to light when the butter is
set away to drain after sailing is one
cause Of streaks in butter. Also lime
in hard water which is used in wash.
ing the butter, or impurities in cheaI
salt are well-known agents in bleach.
| ing butter.-J. Fl. Vincent
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-06-17
ACQUIRING HONEY BEES

A farmer who always has number
of bee hives has been losing a number
when they would swarm. He took an
empty hive and placed it 40 feet high
on one of the large oaks growing in
his forest. The bees discovered the
hive and he soon had hive of bees
in it that he would have lost had he
not placed that box in the tree. If
YOU have no bees and want to start In
honey growing, put up small hive in
one of the largest trees about your
home. This plan has been known to
succeed number of times in captur-
ing a lost swarm of honey makera.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-06-17
JUNE WORKING NOTES

Notice little white spots on the pear
leaves? This is leaf blight. Bordeaux
sprayed about three weeks after the
blossoms fall and twice more at in
tervals of about two weeks will pre-
vent it.
The leaf-eating insects are busy in
green.
of the season. Go slow with the horses
and take it easy yourself till hardened
to the work
Now the sprouts on the trees are
sprouting vigorously. Better rub them
Off now than cut them later.
When you plant canteloupes SOW
bit of radish or turnip seed in the hill
These will come UP first and keep the
bugs busy till the vines get start
Don't neglect to plant sweet corn al
least three times-six is better.
Now is good time to give the poul-
try houses thorough cleaning-not q
partial one and whitewash. Mites
thrive in hot weather.
Remember that flies breed in f1ltf
and dust and carry more disease thai
rats. Clean up every breeding place
and screen them out of the house ant
dairy
1t is mistake to let bee hives stant
in the hot sun. Place them under
sheltering tree or vine with good cir
culation of air.
If you do not have hive ready TIL
bees will surprise you by swarminl
when you are the busiest and you ma;
lose them.
If you have no range for the poul
try you must give them green stuff a.
summer. Sharp grit too-not sand.
Better burn all the old berry crate:
Fruit in nice, clean boxes will bring
price enough better to pay for the los
of the old crates
j If the cabbage root maggot is a
work fit piece of tarred paper clos
about the base of the plants. 1t wi
help.
If you grow late maturing crops
the peach orchard they will keep tn
wood growing too late to make thel
safe for winter. Clean up the groun
this month.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-06-17

some alarmists would have us believe.
II, however, the government succeeds
in making good paper out of corn
stalks, the wood will last longer and
the price of paper will not be advanced
to a point where it's use would neces-
sarily be restricted.
The government has done many
great things for the benefit Of the
farmers, but if the cornstalk expert
ments prove successful this achieve
ment will rank among the most BEN
eficial.
1t will be great day when the
farmer can read the news printed on
paper made from the cornstalks grown
in his own field
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-06-17
SOME POULTRY YARD HELPS

save the earliest and best pullets for
winter layers. If one or two are not
so thrifty as the rest. get rid of them.
Keep your chicks tame. 1t is nui-
sance to have to use shotgun to
latch a chicken. Incubator chicks
have this advantage, they are accus-
toned to being handled and are never
rendered unmanageable through fright.
Count your fiocks as you feed. A
missing one may be found and rescued
from some trouble If 1t is looked for at
once.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-06-17

and deep; lamp we'll. Next set brace
post six feet from end post. Cut the
braces, two of them; fasten a piece of
inch board between at each end tenn
porarily; nail the braces lightly to
hold solid while wiring them to the
posts Take some of the fence wire
and wrap several times, as shown in
the cut. After the fence is up put
an inch block between each two wires
between the braces
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-06-17

tinctly different from the structures
built by ants or wasps, which use
earth or wood or some material ready
at hand for their processes Of build
ing In another way bees are very
important to the human species, be-
cause many plants-such as the apple
tree, clover, etc.-are dependent upon
them for pollination, and without their
assistance the crops might be much
reduced.--Herbert Osborn, Professor of
Zoology, Ohio state University.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-06-17
PERPETUATING A FOREST

In 1892 the first example of syste-
matte forestry in the United States
was begun at Biltmore, N. G. 1t is still
in successful operation. In telling tree
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-06-17
great care is exercised to prevent UNI
necessary injury to young trees or
crushing in it's fall the seedlings on
which the future of the forest depends.

A successful sheep raiser comes to
the rescue of those suffering loss from
ticks lice and worms in lambs. He
says that the use of sulphur in the
salt will rid the animals of these pests.
A large tablespoonful of sulphur to
about a pint of salt is sufficient Worth
trying, anyway.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-06-17
THE BRACE THAT HOLDS
BY j. W. GRIFFrN, WARSAW. KY

BY J. w. GRIFFIN WARSAW. ky.
Material for the brace, If sawed stuff.
should be 2 by inches; if poles are
used they should be heavy enough to
fill the notches in corner and brace
posts.
First cut notches for the brace in the
posts, then set corner or end post good
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-06-17

If a man wants hard j;ib, let him
go out in search of real good farm
team. He will find many for sale, but
not one in hundred will prove to be
right in all respects. There seems to
be an unceasing demand for this class
of work teams in all sections of the
country, and the man who will con-
tinue to raise high grade work horses
will always find a paying market for
them.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1909-06-17
RAIL FENCE PHILOSOPHY

Among the promising forms of farm
ers' organizations is insurance There
is no reason why life and fire insur-
ance~ should not be conducted with tre-
mendous benefit and profit to share
holders. 1t is work for the National
grange.
The community that will not main
tain good roads does not deserve the
benefits of rural route postal delivery.
If railroad train kills a man or his
horses or cows the company has to
pay the damages Owners of automo-
biles should be held equally liable.
James j. Hill continues to preach
soil fertility wherever he goes. 1t is
good gospel and cannot be too widely
spread.
Young man, better n successful
farmer than an unsuccessful clerk In
city store.
Here is something for every farm
boy to consider: 1t is fact that only
one out of every 900 farm boys who &c
| to the cities rises above the drudger.
of clerkship with its poor pay and
downright slavery.
Chariton courier., 1909-08-06
Trustees Sale by Sheriff.

whereas, Henrietta Smith and John R.
Smith, her husband, by their certain Deed Of
Trust, dated the 3rd DAY Of March. A. D., 1854,
and recorded In deed Of trust book P. on page
$40, in the Recorders once Of Charlton C0un-
ty, Missouri, conveyed to I. e. Couch, a. trus-
tee, all their right, title interest In and to the
following described real estate. situate, lying
and being in the County Of Charlton, State OF
Lots one uj and eight (s) in block D In the
Town Of Westville, Charlton County. Mo.
Which said conveyance was made Ia trust to
secure the payment Of certain promissory
note in said deed Of trust described, and
whereas said note has become due aud re-
mains unpaid, and whereas said deed pro-
vides that In c. Sc Of the absence, death, or
refusal, or disability in anywise Of the said
trustee to act, the Sheriff OF Charlton County
may proceed to sell the property In compli-
ance with the terms Of said deed, and whereas
/. G. Couch, said trustee, refuses to act In the
premises, now, therefore. at the request OF
the legal holder Of said note, and in pursuance
Of the terms OF said deed Of trust, will. on
MONDAY, THE 9Th DAY OF SEPTEM BER,
A. D., 1909,
between the hours of nine O'Clock In the
forenoon and Eve o. clock in the afternoon Of
that day, at the east front door Of the Court
house, in Keytesville, Charlton County, Mis-.
souri,, expose to sale the above described
property, at public vendue. to the highest
bidder for cash, for the purposes OF satisfying
said note ana paying the costs and expenses
Of executing this trust.
Sheriff OF Charlton C,unty. Missouri.
Chariton courier., 1909-08-06

Judge Barney Himmelberg OF
Missouri township was q busi.
ness visitor at the capital Friday.
He and his neighbors had their
entire crops destroyed by the
high water in July, and even lost
all their gardens. Their live
stock were taken to high ground
and 13 head of horses and mules
died from gorgins themselves on
grass In Howard county.
Among the losers we're: Bar
ney Himmelberg, two mules {;
JOS. Westhoff, one mule; Henry
Hssksmp, one horse; Frank
Himmelberg, one mule; VIM.
Weber, one mule. The water in
wells on the overflowed lands in
Missouri township were all rem.
dered unfit for use. - sssza
Chariton courier., 1909-08-06

yond with the idolized little son
who preceded her two years ago,
and together they will be wait
ing there with such loving hands
to greet their lovId ones when
they, too, answer that call which
must come to oil. The sympathy
of the entire community goes out
to the grieving ones in their ire.
parable loss.
Chariton courier., 1909-08-06

E. 8. Osgood, q former citizen
of Mendon, and at one time sec.
retary of the Charlton County
Farmers Mutual Fire Insurance
Co., is dead. His death occurred
at the National Soldiers home
in Leavenworth. He was nearly
II years old, and leaves one son,
E. T. Osgood of Laclede, Linn
county.
Chariton courier., 1909-08-06

The Prairie Hill Swsstika tells
it's readers that Jim Harlan let .
fine mare belonging to his broth.
or, Jiles, run away while hitched
to a double shovel plow Wednes-
day morning. The plow struck
the animal in such q way as to
cut her ham string completely
in two. She had to be killed. She
was valued at SITS.