davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1909-06-12
Death of colored Man.

From The World Of Tuesday:
Robert firth, a well-known colore,
boot-black about town, died this morn
ing at the Kings Daughters Hospital
of consumption. He will be burieC
Thursday. He came Here from Win
chester several years ago.
Martinsburg herald. [volume] (Martinsburg, W. Va.) 1881-1920, 1909-06-12
Death of Child.

From The World OF Tuesday:
Dortha May Hunt died at the home
of her parents, Mr.. and Mrs. A. J..
Hunt, 521 North High street, last
night at o'clock aged IS months.
The funeral will be held Wednesday
afternoon at 9 o'clocl, from the house
The National tribune., 1909-08-05
AN ERA OF GOOD FEELING.

Certainly the fierce passions which
once ragged along the western Missouri
line have abated to milk-like caimness.
tween the Kansas and the Missouri Ma
tional Guards, in which an army of
1000 men from Fort Scott raided Camp
Hadley. which 1900 Missouri troops
defended. They captured the Missouri
storehouses and supplies. The Missouri
troops operated from Fort Clinton. and
they say that the cannonading was
something terrific, and, according to all
military calculations. both sides We're
nearly destroyed in the two hours of
struggle. The funny part of this thing
to the veterans is that Missouri and
Kansas troops should be able to play
at war without losing their temper. For
about 20 years the liyeliest war in this
whole country was along the Missouri
Kansas border. From 1852 until along
in the '70s the things that the Kansas
people were doing to the Missourians
and the Missourians TO the Kansas peo-
pie were a-plenty. The Border Ruff
Hawkers" from Kansas raided one an
other with fierce pertinacity, and no
man in any County on either side of
the border was at all a good subject
for life insurance. After the war Of
the rebellion actually began the Mis-
sourians and Kansans went at it more
Systematically, and one of the greatest
troubles of the commanders of the re-
spective departments was to keep the
Kansas raiders out of Missouri and the
Missouri raiders out of Kansas. The
name of Quantrell and his atrocities
make one shudder when mentioned, and
Quantrell was only one of host. Nor
did the war cease with Appomattox, but
was kept up for years afterwards, to
the intense annoyance Of the Sheriffs
and other officers on both sidos of the
line.
The National tribune., 1909-08-05
STRIKE AT A SOLDIERS HOME.

Our women don't seem to be waiting
for the English suffragets to come over
hero to tell them about their rights.
More or less comely young women are
employed as mattresses at the Soldiers
Home at Marion. Ind, and naturally
these girls have beaux. 1t appears that
unless they have beaux they will lose
much of all that life is worth living for.
Recently Maj. George w. Steele, the
Governor of the Home, issued an order
that all persons not employed in the
Home should leave the reservation when
taps were sounded at O'Clock. This
struck directly at the aforesaid beaux,
who were promptly fred of the res
ervation as the bugle began playing,
Say, Deutcher, viii You Fight Nit
Sigel?" The next day, just as dinner
was announced, the girls, or, as we
should say, young ladies, marched out
in q body to the complete astonishment
and dismay of the hungry veterans in
the dining hall. Gov. Steele was imme-
diately notified, and hastened to the
scene of battle. He found the girls
simply obdurate. Granite was not more
immoyable than their demands that
their beaux should be allowed to stay
until 10 or II o'clock. They said that
the young men could not come out until
s. and from to 9 was entirely too
short time for any young man to
make a successful siege of the girl he
wanted. Maj. Steele summoned the
janitors and other employees to distrib-
ute the viands to the waiting soldiers.
All accounts say that the old fellows
were remarkably patient, and possibly
they might have Joined in a sympathetic
strike in favor of the girls, for each
one of them had vivid remembrance
of how it had been with himself in the
days gone by. After serving dinner
Maj. Steele resumed negotiations with
the Mattresses but their obduracy had
not abated, and finally the Commandant
came down as gracefully as he could
and acceded to their demands as to
hours. The latest advices say that
peace reigns on the West Fork of the
Whitewater. and the veterans are get
ting their meals with the old-time
promptness.
The National tribune., 1909-08-05

The costliest railroad in America is
said to be the Carolina, Clinchfeld &
Ohio Railroad, just completed from the
great coal fields of southwestern Vir-
ginia and eastern Kentucky to the cot
ton district in South Carolina. The
road crosses the entire Allegheny Noun
tains at their widest part, and reaches
an elevation Of 2,G29 feet on the Blue
Ridge range. From Dante, Va, to Bos-
tic, n. c., distance OF 211 miles, there
are 35 tunnels, aggregating seven miles
in length. One of these, thru the Clinch
Mountains. took two years to drive and
cost over $4,000, 900. The cuts and fills
are innumerable, and some of these the
largest and deepest to be found east of
the Mississippi River. The largest cut
Is near the Soldiers Home at johnson
City, Tenn, and is IS feet deep, a mile
long from grade ends, requiring more
than 100000 cubic yards of dirt The
entire cost of the road was more than
330,000,000, and the average cost per
mile in excess Of s125,000.
The National tribune., 1909-08-05
RELIGIOUS LIBERTY IN RUSSIA.

The struggle for religious liberty in
Russia is going on energetically. In
spite of the Cars manifesto granting
religious liberty, the persecution of 9TH
er creeds has continued unabated, not
only against non-Christian religions,
but, as is usually the case. those near
est the othodox church continued to
receive the sharpest hostility. The Old
Believers. who follow an ancient form
of Greek Catholicism before it was
made the state church. and who repre-
sent the great mass of the business men
and respectable people OF moderate
means, have been Systematically hound
ed and conversions to their form of be-
lief prohibited. The Old Believers rep
resent what in other countries has been
the clean, solid middle-class people,
whose method of life and thought has
been a constant impeachment of the
stablished church and priesthood. The
Duma passed an act giving all citizens
the right to choose their own religion,
and be further allowed to change it as
they wished. Children should have the
right to choose their own religion after
the age of IA. This act is regarded in
Russia as equivalent to the French pro-
ceedings in separating the church and
state, and the liberal people of Russia
exult much over the progress attained.
The representatives of the Orthodox
Greek Catholic Church fought this law
at every step with vindictiveness that
can only be found in church quarrels.
The clericals employed language in the
discussion that was absolutely too OBJ
scene to print in any paper and which
quickly drove all the ladies from the
hail.
The National tribune., 1909-08-05
DOES CAPITAL PUNISHMENT PRE-
VENT CONVICTIONS?

In thoughtful article in the Ameri-
can Law Review. Maynard Shipley
raises the question whether capital pun
ishment does not prevent convictions in
murder cases by deterring the jury
from taking the responsibility for a
human life. He points out that the
first State to abolish the death penalty
was Michigan, in 1848, and Gov. Austin
Blair said:
Before the abolition of the death
penalty murders were not unfrequent,
but convictions were rarely or never
obtained. Convictions and punishment
are now much more certain than be-
fore the change was made. The re-
form has been successfully tried and is
no longer an experiment"
1t is pointed out that the ratio of
convictions in Michigan of persons in
dicted for murder is 2S.82 per cent,
whereas in Massachusetts, the percent
age is but 10 per cent. 1t is asserted
by Mr. Andrew Palm that the convic-
tions in Rhode Island murder trials
amount to 5 per cent of the indict-
ments. Wisconsin has abolished the
death penalty for this reason, and
shows the highest percentage of con-
victions among nine selected States. Her
ratio is 40.5 per cent of the indictments.
Maine abolished capital punishpent in
1876. and the ratio of convictions at
once rose from 1914 per cent to CAS-
per cent Colorado abolished the death
penalty. but four years later restored it
in 1901. leaving the jury the right "to
decide in it's verdict whether the death
penalty shall be life imprisonment or
death by hanging" Since that time so
per cent of the indictments for murder
other hand. Idaho in three years has
indicted 81 persons for murder and not
convicted one.
The labor unions generally oppose
the death penalty, and John ]. Fitzpat-
rick, President of the Chicago Fedora
ton of Labor. says that organized labor
everywhere stands for the abolition of
the extreme penalty.
There seems to us one fatal flaw in
this reasoning; that is, no jury is COM
PEELED to either find prisoner guilty of
murder in the first degree or let him
go free. Every jury has the privilege
of finding a prisoner guilty in less
degree than charged, and any juror
who has a repugra.cr 70 carital pun
ishment can vote for the second degree
of the crime, which involves only life
Imprisonment or even a shorter term.
The National tribune., 1909-08-05

That tiresome person. Col VIM. f.
Stewart, bobs up again with hill in
troduced by Senator Chamberlain, OF
Oregon. 10 make him Brigadier-Gen-
eral Col. Stewart is the man who, it
will be remembered. made himself so
constantly and uniformly disagreeable
10 the men and officers with whom he
was associated that he was finally eXiIed
TO remote Western post. where he had
nobody TO make uncomfortable by his
disagreeableness. He was finally put on
the retired list after an examination,
and now wants to be made Brigadier-
General. As Stewart had no war SER
vice of any kind, it would seem that he
has not earned this promotion. and GER
tainly he does not deserve it from the
way he has conducted himself during
his service.
The National tribune., 1909-08-05
THE IEWIsH DIETARY.

In the closing lecture of the Tubef-
culosis Congress in England. Prof. r.
Hunter Boyd paid high tribute to the
high value of the Jewish dietary laws.
which, he said, had the credit for the
well-known good health and longevity
of the Jews, and particularly for their
immunity from tubercular diseases. He
declared the Jewish or Mosaic laws and
those founded upon them to be a COM
plete textbook of hygiene
Undoubtedly much of this praise was
well bestowed. The Jews have for many
centuries been carefully celebrating
rules of conduct and diet which would
enable them to avoid diseases. preserve
health and maintain their existence nm
der the most insanitary conditions II
is said that in the Talmud there can be
found law for everything, from find
ing dead fly in a room to the proper
method of burial. These laws have
been carefully thought out, elaborated
by endless generations of the best
thinkers in Israel, and undoubtedly
form the most complete textbook on
hygiene in the world.
All the same. physicians are now in
Ginning to the opinion that the immuni-
ty of Jews to pulmonary diseases re-
suits from natural selection. For ages
the greater part of those whom we
know as Jews have been living in sauaI-
id, crowded quarters in the most in
sanitary surroundings. As a result
those who were liable to pulmonary
diseases from bad air and crowded
quarters died out long ago and left no
offspring. In proof of this it is asserted
that the Russian Jews. who have been
living much more in the open air than
their brethren elsewhere. die off from
pulmonary diseases in New York City
as rapidly as the Italians and others who
have come from the country districts
to crowd into the dirty tenements OF
the lower part of the city
The National tribune., 1909-08-05

A littleIoevent in the Mediterranean
Will causelour British cousins to sit up
with a decided start and take lively no.
tice. The aforesaid British cousins have
always held the complacent view that
they were so far and away above all
other PEOPLES in sporting matters that
there could be no question about it.
This self-sufficiency has been rudeIy
Jared many times by Americans, and
now it receives very stiff Jolt from
the Germanso who have never been
considered ina.he sporting class. The
Captain 6f British warship lying at
Mersina ip the Levant challenged the
Captain OF the German warship HAM
burg for a race with a picked crew
over distance of $4,000 feet. He con-
descendingly offered the Germans a big
handicap as being the younger crew.
The Germans not only accepted the
challenge, but they declined the handi-
cap, and won the race brilliantly by the
lead of 1880 feet, or about one-seventh
of the distance. The Englishmen proved
to be bad losers, and declared that the
victory OF the Germans was due to
their having a lighter boat, whereupon
the Germans offered to run the race
over again in the English boat. It Is
pleasant to note that the German Cap
tain rewarded his crew for their victory
by giving them leave to visit Jerusalem.
The National tribune., 1909-08-05

The Bulletin of the Bureau of Sta
tistics shows a considerable improve
Gated by the shipments around the
Great Lakes. The domestic shipments
show an increase of about 65 per cent
The ironore shipments were more than
double those of June, 1908. The lum-
Der shipments We're largely in excess of
those of last year, and the wheat ship
ments show a considerable increase for
June, tho the total for the year is low
er. The shipments of corn and barley
were higher, but those of oats and rye
lower. The freight traffic thru the
Sault Ste. Marie Canal were about SO
per cent higher than in June of last
year.
The National tribune., 1909-08-05
THE STRUGGLE FOR MISSOURI.

John McElroy's Struggle for Mis-
souri, has now come out, and it is one
of the most satisfactory and commenda-
BILE additions TO the history of the war
that has appeared anywhere. 1t is a
handsome volume of 342 pages, printed
in large type on good. substantial pa
per and embellished with a number of
illustrations of more than usual merit.
Two of these are colOred pictures; one
of the momentous interview between
Gen. Lyon and Frank Blair, on one side,
and Gov. Jackson and Gen. Sterling
Price on the other. The other colored
picture is a wonderfully life-like repre-
sentation of the busy levee of ST. Louis
before the war. There are fine four
color maps of the battlefields of Wilson
Creek and Pea Ridge, with other maps
of Missouri and various lines of decor
alton. Excellent two-color pictures of
Gems. Lyons. Frost, Price, Blair, FIRE.
mont, Sigel, Hunter. Hallack and Curtis
are scattered thru the book and in ad-
dition there are many smaller pictures.
AS to the literary and historical char
acter of the book nothing need be said,
since the writings of John McElroy are
well known and esteemed for their
perspicuity and absolute
accuracy. The book tells the story as
it has never been told before. of the
struggle among men of the
highest ability and daring, to save Mis-
souri, to the Union. Life-like pen pic
lures are given of all of those who
took conspicuous parts in the great
contest, and the book is one that every
student of the war should have in his
library. 1t has a permanent value, as
L gathers together much material
throwing light on that period of the
war which has not been before pre-
;ented in any volume.
The book is sent to any address, pre-
paid, upon the receipt of $500. Ad-
1ress The National Tribune, Washing
ION, y. c.
The National tribune., 1909-08-05

The olive industry in California is
making more rapid strides than any
other, and 25 miles from Los Angeles
is the biggest olive ranch in the world,
and 10 times larger than any in Spain.
There are over 10000 oiive-bearing
trees, which average SO pounds OF
olives to the tree. Each acre on the
ranch contains 110 trees, which pro.
duce 1000 gallons of olives each sea-
son, from which $50 gallons of pure
olive oil are extracted. This, at SO a
gallon. makes a net return of $500 to
the acre.
The National tribune., 1909-08-05
A BADLY INFORMED YOUTH.

The editor of the st. Joseph Gazette
is, in his own estimation, a quite smart
young man, who has been Chairman of
father was a good soldier, but the
youth thinks he knows a great deal
more about the war than his father
knew. and he writes such an editorial
as this:
"The Pension Department. the larg-
est single item of expense in our Ma
tional Government and the heaviest
drain on the National Treasury, seems
to have escaped the searchlight of pub
lie investigation in all the recent dis
cussiOns of tariff and of Treasury def
cits. Manifestly both parties are afraid
to attack pension frauds, because of the
G. A. r. vote. No Congressman, no
Senator and no President has had the
courage to combat sincerely this amaz-
ing scandal.
Here Is a great work awaiting the
American press This Government pays
out over $150,000.000 annually in PEN
sions. How much of that vast sum is
graft and how much is the just reward
of meritorious service? No fair Amer
ican begfudges a pension honorabiy
earned; but why should we pay scores
of millions annually to the sisters and
cousins and auntS" 1t is we'll to re-
member that every year-old infant at
the close of the war is now, IL living, a
man or woman of "A years of age-aI-
most old enough to be self-supporting."
These things hurt the veterans sorely,
because the st. Joseph Gazette is
Republican paper. and they are being
stabbed from source whence they nat
urally expect friendship. OF course. the
editor is grossly ignorant of the whole
pension system, and his editorial shows
that he probably never bestowed five
minutes thought upon the subject Had
he done SO he would have had no trou-
BILE in finding out that repeated and
searching investigation. under the most
crucial tests, has demonstrated that the
pension roll is the freest from graft and
of any of the Governments
The National tribune., 1909-08-05

1t looks as tho the disorders in Per-
sia are at an end. and that that far
renowned land will have again the
regime of peace and justice such as it
had not had for a thousand years. All
med Mirz, who has been proclaimed
Shah, is the second son of his father,
and is preferred to his elder brother
because the 1atters mother was not
Princess of the royal house of Persia
Ahmed Mira is now in his 18th year,
but the Government will be adminis-
tered by his uncle, council of men of
approve dcharacter and intelligence and
also a National Council, composed of
156 members elected by the clergy,
nobies. land owners and merchants.
Both the British and Russian Govern
ments will aid strongly in supporting
the new administration, and will grant
Persia loan which will put her fin
ances on sound footing
The National tribune., 1909-08-05
AMERICAN INFLUENCE IN CHINA,

Events of the past fortnight show
our Government has awakened to the
Importance of exerting a strong infiu-
ence in China and taking the appro-
pirate steps thereto. The appointment
of Charles r. Kane as Minister to China
is regarded as an excellent ore, and
the Chinese have expressed themselves
very favorably to him. Then, an inn
portant move has been taken ID secure
a large slice of the projected Chinese
loan for our bankers. This viii be the
beginning of financial transactions
which will bring China closer to this
country. Russia has been negotiating
treaty, which would give her control
of the so-cailed Chinese Eastern Rail-
way" and the communities along the
line. We have protested strongly against
this as virtually an invasion OF China
by the Russians, a violation of her in
tegrity and opposed to the sopen-door
principle. OEr protest will eventually
block Russias from acquiring the infiu-
ence in China that she meditated.
The National tribune., 1909-08-05

President John Quincy Adams had
no doubt that the retrocession of part
of the District of Columbia to Virginia
was unconstitutional and void. He
wrote to correspondent as follows:
Quincy. Mass, Nov. 9. 1916.
"Sir: In anwser to your letter of the
Sd instant, 1 have no hesitation to say
that hold the act retroceding the
County Of Alexandria to the State of
Virginia as unconstitutional and void
How the Supreme Court of the United
States would consider it cannot under
take to judge, nor how they could carry
1t into execution should they determine
the act unconstitutional The Consti-
tuition of the United States
Stat magni nomnis umbra
Il am very respectfully, ETC., your
obedient servant,
John Quincy Adams"
The National tribune., 1909-08-05

The engineers are taking every pre-
caution that science can suggest to pre-
vent damage by earthquakes to the
locks on the Panama Canal. They have
not only made the retaining walls and
as would seem to give entire security
but they are reinforcing this with 1000
tons of old rails. Part of this is the
rail that the French had in use. and
the rest is worn out and bent and other
wise damaged rails from the Panama
road.
The National tribune., 1909-08-05
LEAVE FOR THE VETERANS.

Commander-in-Chief H. NJ. Nevlus
sends us the following copy of teie-
gram received from the President:
.H Nj. Nevius, Chief,
Grand Army of the Republic:
.'The President has received your
telegram, and in compliance with your
request has signed an executive order
granting to employees of the Federai
public service who are members of the
Grand Army of the Republic such por-
ton of their annual .leave as they may
desire to enable them to attend the
National Enca,npment of the Grand
Army of the Republic"