davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1909-05-23

indicates that an ornament supposed to
be jet Is really made of glass, black
onyx or some Of the other substitutes
Another test Of jet is to apply a piece Of
it to a blowpipe; the jet contains so much
a sooty flame.
Out Of the face Of steep cliffs at Whitby
has come for more than 800 years jet
answering the highest requirements.
The jet comes In fattened layers, the
largest pieces ever found being about
6 feet long and weighing about fifteen
pounds. From three to four tons have
been mined in a year at Whitby. and the
town has received as much as $soo. 900
for n years output OF jet manufactured
into ornaments.
At times several thousand skilled oper-
atives have been employed near the
Whitby mines in carving the material
and making IL up into many kinds Of
ornamental articles. Efforts Of ~
faoturers in New York and various cities
In Germany and France to compete with
Whitby carvers and polishers have been
invariably futile.
Government aid was once given by
Germany In an effort to support n jet
industry, at Wurtemberg. but, the expert
ment failed. France had a jet working
industry which died out in the eighteenth
century.
Jet IL modest In price compared with
many other kinds OF orna ments. Artistic
designs and workmanship give the chief
value to jet ornaments, except when they
are set In gold or embellished with pearls
and precious stones. Jet itself has beer
sold at o. TO S5 a pound Wholesale. Neck
laces Of Jet may be bought In New York
stores for from Is to SIS,
The aiming black surface OF Jet Is agnin
appreciated not only for the contrast IL
Affords when placed against the pearly
complexion Of the wearer but also 40 q
background 10 cot Oh the brighter gems.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1909-05-23

outlines Of jet carvings arc not obtained
ONYX is said to be used more largely In
the United States than anywhere else
as a substitute for Jet. The stone 10
harder and moro brilliant than Jet and
Real let because Of it's brittle nature
cannot be carved to advantage into the
smaller sizes OF necklace beads or other
similarly small articles, while the onyx,
like other precious and semi-precious
stones, oan be made up In any design.
however ornate and elaborate. For this
reason onyx is preferred by many tor
When ONYX naturally black ia available
It Ia used. but the jeweiry manufacturers
know how to give the desired velvet
black appearance 10 any other shade OF
onyx, ever II II Is white, Nearly all the
black onyx used as a substitute for jet
is colored artihcially, .
n and agate black 10 now familiar to
New York lapidaries, but was formerly
a secret possessed by the manufacturers
OF Oberstein, Germany, whence much Of
the onyx is imported. The stones are
kept for two or three weeks In a mixture
pc sarrs just below boiling. Then the
stones are taken out. washed and placed
in a solution Of sulphurio acid. The
sugar absorbed In the first part Of the
process IL decomposcd by the acid with q
separation Of carbon. which imparts the
black color.
Another substitute for jet used In the
DAYS OF It's old time prosperity was black
v~uloanite. a composition which could be
fused and poured into moulds 40 an to
assume any desired shape. The articles
90 moulded had blunt outlines, like those
Of the glass limitations. and we're never
jewelry was made extensively for q time
In New York and watch ohains Of the
material arc still preserved, but the
vogue Of the material has psssed.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1909-05-23

almost'a monopoly Of this trade in mod
ern as we'll as in ancient days. It was
Whitby jet which was highly priced by
former generations. and it 10 Whitby
let which tho woman OF fashion still
prefers aud demands.
An old importer was asked about the
qualities that high grade jet should pos
sess. He said that valuable jet must
have a velvety black color; brownish
shades are inferior. The original woody
internal structure must not be indicated
by patchiness, for the Naturalization
Of the extinct tree must have been car
ried In natures laboratory TO a high
degree Of perfection.
Even In fine specimens. however. arc
seen traoes which point beyond question
to the origin OF the Jet in tree trunks OF
past ages; occasionally are found indi-
cations of bones which we're bituminized
Just like the trees. From the rocks in
which Jet Is found an oil resembling
petroleum often gushss.
Jet must be tough and not too brittle,
90 that 1t may be carved with a knife,
| worked on a lathe or grindstone, filed and
ground; at the same time 1t u be hard
enough for wear. 1t must be tougher
and firmer than coal; 1t has a hardness
OF from to s as compared with the maxi
mum 10 in diamonds.
The somewhat greasy iustrs OF Jet ID
enhanced by polishing. After the ma
terial has been smoothed on polishing
wheels an additional finish Is impaired
BY the operatives vigorously rubbing the
iet In the palms of their hands, 40
II . piece Of jet noats. then It 10 porous
and Of inferior quality. tshould be warm
70 the touch. and . lack OF this quality
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1909-05-23

"On the other hand, it is very difficult
to manage such a group as the mother and
FIVE children too nearly of the same size
and age to admit Of much variety. The
mother and two children is the ideal
group to pose according to my ideas
THE two figures are more difficult to
do anything with. although it Is perhaps
most often that I have to deal with two
figures. Then ] advise taking only the
two heads together. l have had very
successful results. however. when the
child is not young in posing the two
figures standing.
'One Of the most sucoessgul pictures
| ever took wal Of a mother and a daugh-
ter about II. The latter was a tall. long
legged girl, and with her standing with
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1909-05-23

to the photographer. The instantaneous
plates make IL simple to catch the pose
before tho sitters have grown weary OF
got nervous and moved, Personally /
always prefer to pose a group Of three
as that allows for prettier composition
in a photograph. Ihave taken, however,
as many as even and all Of them women i,
so l had less chance for the introduction
Of variety than usual
Children or ever men would have made
It easier to escape monotony. But in this
case I had one advantage. The sitters
were in a drawing room at Newport and
I could place them about the room in
natural poses. 90 as to look al much as
possible like a group OF women sitting
together after dinner.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1909-05-23

must take a baby that is too young to
hold up his head. =
For babies Of that size We all have the
same formula. They are not OF course
to be expected to sit up, and there is no
lovelier attitude for the mother than the
classic leaning forward over the child.
which We put on a pillow for the purpose:
So that problem 10 not difficult to solve.
Every picture OF a mother leaning
over tho child affords evidence that the
baby is too young to sit up. 1t ID almost
conclusive evidence. that it
10 the first baby. After that one the
mother Is usually sufficiently self-con-
tanned to wait until the baby can sit up by
itself before she wants its picture taken.
-The family groups nov give nc trouble
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1909-05-23
So1H ~07HER ~ C<ffL . HRE
SZ1NOL~C SU| 7H6 I0U~C
on |NE ENC 70 1EOID
Tee GRE1T Co~77aS q ~ HE/GH7S.

stopped having themselves photographed
after a while except on the Bowery. and
most OF the photographs Of brides and
bridegrooms now In existence date from
the d~aguerreotype period.
The bride is frequently photographed
alone or with her bridesmaids or merely
with her maid OF honor or sometimes only
with her mother. But the bridegroom
rarely trust himself before the Gamers
He has seen too many Of the frightened
looking couples to let his friends see him
under such circumstances '
Now the photographers find no difficulty
In doing the same justice to n portrait
In a group as another. The bridegroom
equal ~faithfulness; but that has not served
to lure the former back into the photo
graph. although it Is thought he may
come there after a while. In the mean
time the wife and the children ~monopolize
the sittings that show the family together.
1t is the improvement in the processes
Of Photography one Of the Fifth avenue
operators said to a Sun reporter the other
day, that has enabled us to turn out so
much better groups than we ever did in
the past.
There was a time when I shuddered
to undertake a group. for I knew what
the trouble was going to be and how little
chance there was Of making any money
out Of ii that compensated for my trouble.
They never liked the pictures enough to
order many of them. e II they per-
covered in the attempt to get a good one
And in the majority Of cases they got
tired after the first batch OF negatives.
In those days II was necessary to have
& time exposure and it was impossible
TO keep sitters in natural attitudes Tong
enough. If one moved Of course every
thing was lost and the precautions we
used to have to take to keep them from
moving deprived the pictures Of all spon-
taneity.
Think Of photographing a picture with
five figures nowadays and having to put
one Of those iron braces behind every
head in order to keep it from moving
while in front OF the camera II that
we're still necessary I don't think tho
present fashion Of Photographic groups
would ever have become 80 popular.
Now. the first thing that a mother
wants is to be photographed with her
child, So you see that puts up another
problem to the photographer. He has
not only TO take a group Of two but he
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1909-05-23
NEV GROUP PHOTOGRAPHS
MOTHERS AND CHILDREN IN
ARTISTIC POSES.

Fashion Confined Chieny to America
%-pinculties OF Proper Grouping and
How They Are Overcome-Only One
Pose Taken by the Young Mother.
Il was not 80 many years ago that the
effort To- make two portraits on the same
photographic plate rarely resulted in
success. II II likeness was good. the
other was almost certain 10 be poor.
II one pose vas graceful. the other was
awkward.
So the attempt OF people to be photo
uaphed together used to be given up In
nine cases out OF ton as a bad Job. 1t
took the devotion and rose colored view
Of the bride and bridegroom to be salts
ned with the results. But even they
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1909-03-15
GLOBE SIGHTS.
lFrom the Atchison Globe.

(F'rom the Atchison Globe.
AS a rule, apprehension forms two
thirds of the telegraph in a newspa-
per.
An Atchison fat man who is par
ticular1y good natured. is known as
GLOOMY"
The amount that people have to
learn is entirely too great for their
length of life.
ITO escape criticism says an ad-
vertising card, do nothing, say moth
ing, be nothing"
Among the men, there is always a
lot of smoke when women are con-
cerned, but, as a rule, very little fire.
Be careful of the man who COM
pliments you; he is probably putting
you up with a view of cutting you
open. .e. r.
Since the young men have been
teaching the girls to skate, they are
Mortified and astonished to find so
many of them pigeon-toed.
Mrs Lysander John Appleton has
been visiting in the East nearly two
years. People are beginning to be-
1ieve that she and John have parted.
A woman, who has buried one hus-
band, separated from second, and
lives unhappily with third, doesn't
usually think well of the men.
When a man has nothing else of
value to brag about he tells how con-
scientious he is voting. and that he
wouldn't sell his vote at any price.
This is an opinion: That opinions
are a good deal like q shiftlesS man:
don't amount to much. and have a
way of putting in where they are
not wanted.
A fresh and promising young fellow
of this town is engaged to a girl who
has been engaged six times before,
and he is now generally known as
"the Relief Corps
BY the time a man reaches 40,
young people begin haunting him be-
cause he has not amounted to more,
at the same time telling of the great
things they intend to do.
You often hear people say: HE
ought to have a good talking to- But
suit of "a good talking to- They
take it as abuse. and talk back.
What an unhappy man d drunkard
is! In spite of the fact that he Is a
fool, you can't help feeling pity for
him. There are thousands of ways
of being fool, but being a drunkard
is the worst way.
As at present arranged, there is
nothing in society for the men. $50
ciety'' is especially intended for the
women; its rules are arranged for the
convenience of the women. Men derive
no benefit from it; they are not edu-
Gated for it, as girls are, and 81 man
who dances and shippers in Society
is simply cutting off his nose to amuse
the girls. Society is not organized
in such a manner that men can en-
they are expected to pay for hacks,
flowers, hddlerS. etc., in order that
the girls may show off carefully-re-
hearsed accomplishments.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1909-03-15
AYHAWKER JOTS

| Bill White is glad he doesn't live in
Lindsborg. All the girls of the town,
says White. have organized to raise
money and build a new church.
One paper in the state not a thou
sand miles away has so far neglected
to print the comment of the Concordia
Blade on it's recent special edition.
| Advanced thought along religious
! lines has not yet pervaded the mining
section of the state where Evangelist
| Bierderwolf and his henchmen still get
a half a page daily ~
Major w. H. Bishop of Manila will
arrive in Kansas next week. He will
stay in the state three weeks. He is
la Twentieth Kansas hero who it is
claimed saw more fighting than any
one in the regiment.
Mayor l. T. Purcell of WaKeeney
who was wooed from bachelorhood
few years ago by talented and at
tractive schoolma'am, is the happiest
man in Kansas. A son has been INSTALL
ed at his handsome new residence and
will make his home there in the flu
ture.
Ed Howe finds some good traits
among colored people. One morning
last week after a snow storm an Atch-
ison man walked down town. In one
block there were three cOlored fami-
lies and two white families. All the
co1ored families had removed the snow
from the walks while the latters' had
not been touched.
The Salina Union reporter serves
the following notice to those who like
to get their names in the paper: If
the Union Pacific new trains are to
come through here in the dead of
night, this reporter isn't going to meet
them and people who want their
names in the paper had better travel
on the day trains.
What is home without a newspa-
PERI" asks the Troy Chief. And 1T
proceeds to answer it's own question
as follows; "A home without a news
paper is no home at all. 1t is a kind
of dreary den where the inhabitants
live in blissfuI Ignorance of what the
world is doing. 1t is inhabited by
class who do not know who is presi-
dent or what he is president of-who
never find out that thing has hap
pened until long after everyone else
has forgotten it. The children grow
up in rags and dirt while the wife
generally finds consolation in darning
socks and Juggling pipe loaded with
long green tobacco, and the man gen
orally lives because he can't die, and
he is too lazy to kill himself. He goes
out on election days and does not
know who he is voting for, but just
takes the ticket and "a drink and spells
his ballOt''
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1909-03-15
POINTED PARAGRAPHS.
[From the Chicago News.1

None are so blind as those who inn
agine they see it all.
Only an artist can paint a town red
with water colors.
It's easier to grasp some opportuni-
ties than it is to let go.
A man goes back on his best friend
when he kicks himself.
Poverty is no disgrace, but it is dis
graceful to be ashamed of 1t.
To the Industrious man painful sit
uation is better than no job at ALL
Some men lose sight of great things
because of their attention to insig-
nfficant details.
Riches have wings, but it is folly to
sit on a park bench and wait for them
to fly your way.
The first essential to success as a high
financier is for him not to follow any
of his own TIPS.
A married man likes to go to a we'd
ding for the purpose of gloating over
the coming misfortuneS of another.
And father is as anxious to repea@
the smart sayings of his children as
other people are not to hear them.
A mans lid may not be thing of
beauty, but he can wear it in the rain
without getting the curl out of the
feathers.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1909-03-15

steadily. Willing hands held IL al
Wen as inexperienced people could,
put danger threatened every step. For
getting that she stood among stran-l
II can't look!" she cried despairingIy.
on. If they should fall!"
w ny, Miss Stanhope!' answered an
amazed, familiar voice. ''Why are
She chung to Lindley Wood with a
little sob of relief. Tell met" she
begged pitifully.
By the necromancy of intuition he
tucking her hand under his arm. let
me take you home. You are lev cold,
Dick is all right" reassuringly.
She trembled violently. To reas-
sure her, the artist assumed a light,
testing tone.
eff Dick and Miss CuyIer were not
already engaged they will be now he
went on How can manage, Won
der, to make myself appear heroic to
you, Miss Stanhope?"
''Why?" in a gentle whisper.
Because love you," drawing her
into the shadow of a building away
from the crowd. 81 was coming to
say it, but it is easier to say 1t here
under the stars than it would be in
your lighted rooms. L can better en-
dure your mo- if you cannot see it's
effect
your ideal Beryl is a cameo
blonde she reminded. 'T am
plain
what has my ideal Beryl to do
with your" he interrupted, looking his
surprise.
my name is BeryI," she answered.
Didn't you know?"
mol" he cried emphatically and
instantly the memory of his words in
the studio stood before him in letters
of fame and he saw their significance.
TON always calls you Sis and-and-
believed your initial represented
Barbara. A blonde Beryl may be my
ideal on canvas, but the woman 1 love
and would call wife has eyes like deep
dark wells. Don't draw away. dear.
Miss Cuyler is only a model to me-"
He paused a moment as she did not
speak. perhaps there is some one
else," he said sadly ''I dare not hope
that you can care for me-"
The hand on his arm frightened
gently. There is no one else" she
said softly. ''None but you. If you
are satisfied I will never again COM
plain nor envy my-future sister-her
beauty"
'EWhy should you?' cried he, press
ing her to his heart. Beauty of soul
shines from your very lineament, my
queen and wife, and-don't you know
that you are a true type of dark
beauty, anyway" - copyrighted,
1909, by Associated Literary Press.)
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1909-03-15
FPON OTHER PENS
FOREIGN POLICY Underlined.

There are several reasons why Amer
lean foreign policy can as yet be
scarcely called a def1nable thing. One
of them is the comparative newness of
our relations with the world at large.
Till recently we have had little to do
with other nations, and could escape
entanglements with them; but through
the events of the past ten years Wa
have been carried by the course of
events into larger relations with the
affairs of the world, and we cannot
escape the responsibility in which this
change has placed us. A further rea-
son why we have no definite foreign
policy is the divided nature of our SOW
ereignty over many things that relate
to or come in contact with foreign
policy, and especially with the treat
ment of aliens in our midst; and for
eign nations can scarcely see why,
when they have made treaties with the
United States. there should be claims
of local sovereignty by various states
that ignore or nullify rights guaranteed
by treaty with our national govern
ment.
Whether our country, therefore, can
ever have defnable foreign policy
may be for the present a matter of
opinion or dispute. Going on in our
crude and clumsy way, we may avoid
wars, but we certainly shall suffer in
trade. We are constantly in hot water
in our foreign relations. But it is ap-
parent that our country cannot have
safe and constant foreign policy,
worth the dignity and place of great
nation in the world Of affairs, so long
as the states, in the exercise of their
claims of sovereignty, are disposed or
permitted to interfere with it. The out
come cannot at present be foretold.
But it is certain we have not yet de-
veloped constant constitutional sys-
rem-Portland Oregonian.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1909-03-15
THE GOVERNORS VETO.

Governor Stubs veto of the mort
gage registration act will undoubtedly
receive the approval of the vast ma
jority of the people after they give it
thoughtful consideration. The line of
reasoning upon which the governor
bases his conclusions is sound and log
ical and sets forth distinctly the inef-
ficiency of the act to accomplish the
purposes for which it was designed. In
the discussions of this measure before
the legislature it was stated that the
registrar ton bill was intended to pre-
vent the concealment from the taxing
officers of real estate mortgages which
are classed as property under the state
laws. The veto of the measure by the
governor is no reflection upon the sin
cerity of motive on the part of the leg
islators. but it is rather judgment ar
rived at after mature elaboration that
the bill passed by the legislators in
their limited time for consideration
will not be sufficient to accomplish the
purposes for which it was intended.
The inequalities presented by the
measure would work greater disadvan-
tage to the state than the evasion
which is possible under the present
mortgage tax law and the governor
rightly concludes it is better to en-
dure the ills we have than to institute
others moro detrimental in effect.
The correction OF the evil of con-
cealing mortgages from taxation is
still problem for the law makers of
the state to solve. There is one pro-
vision in the rejected mortgage regis
tration measure which might be in
grated advisably on the present mort
gage tax law and that is the provision
that mortgages concealed from taxa
ton shall be null and void in the
courts when action is brought to Sc
cure their enforcement
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1909-03-15
QUAKER MEDITATToNs.
[From the Philadelphia Record.l

TFrom the Philadelphia Record.1
It's when a fellow is short of cash
that he longs for It,
A woman naturally feels unnamed
when she Is divorces.
In cooking up novel it is first boil
ed down, then roasted.
The fellow who lives by his wits
doesn't always find that life is joke.
A mans Adams apple was probably
given him as a gentle reminder of the
time he got it in the neck.
No. Maude, dear, at hanging it
would scarcely be appropriate to sing
ssBlest be the tie that binds"
Men can no more understand why
women worry over trifies than women
can understand why men don't.
The man who always tells the truth,
thA whole truth and nothing but the
truth. is generally in hot water.
when a woman says she no longer
has auv fault to find with her husband
she may mean that she has already
found them all
FJobbs-"Women are certainly con-
Trajectory" Slobbs-"That's right. It's
when a woman gets hot at you that she
treats you coldly."
xyfgg-"Bjones' wife complains that
he can't keep her in clothes" Wagg-
1T shouldn't think that would worry
her. She used to be a ballet dancer"
The trolley car was already crowded
m its utmost capacity. Can Won
squeeze another lady in there?' called
the conductor. And the man with hair
a jag replied that he could squeeze five
or six.