davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1909-03-19
A UNIQUE Newspaper.

In March 1862, after the civil war had
been in progress just about year, the
First Minnesota Volunteers of which
comrades Sonderman and N. E. Nelson
of this city we're members and other
regiments, marched into the little town
of Berryville, Virginia. AS the Yankee
soldiers marched in there was a CORE
spending decrease in the male population
of the town. When the soldier boys got
looking round, among other deserted
places they found an empty printing
office in which the weekly issue was sl-
ready half printed and enough type set
for the third page. Among the soldiers
of the First Minnesota were seven print
ers, Ed. A. Stevens, Frank j. Mead,
Thos. H. Pressnell, o. Nelson, Chas. S.
Drake, J. j. Kendall and H. w. Under
green, and these stripped off their coats
and set the type to complete the issue
and ran off the editor, selling copies at
five cents each.
Needless to say that the matter set by
the soldier boys differs very much in po-
litical sentiment from that which they
found in type. Among the ads. are two
rewards for runaway slaves, and local
merchant after saying that "Lincoln has
done more harm than any other man
since CREATION" "and takes this occasion
to renew the offer of $4,000. for the head
of Lincoln, or $1,000. for either of his
pet kangaroos." This merchants name
was Rouss, and after the war he went to
New York city and started the first ten
cent store and made several million dol
lars and died few years ago. Both DR..
Harris of this city and f. d. Booker
came from the same section of country.
G. w. Shumaker of the N. p. station
here was much interested as his father,
who was soldier in the LIST Iowa, was
with the division and sent copy of the
paper thus issued home to his wife and
Mr.. S. remembers his mother talking
of it. Several of the 1st Minnesota print
ers whose names are given as the editors
and publishers are still in the newspaper
business in Minnesota.
The paper was picked up in the wes-
tern part of the state and borrowed by
Rev. Mr.. karr for the benefit of some of
the old vets about this city who feel
much obliged to him. An effort will be
made to get the present owner to give
the paper to the state historical society
for preservation.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1909-03-19
to the various breeds are as foil

In the feeder classes, Hereford won
first on calves, first on yearlings, first on
two years-olds and sweepstakes and in
addition to these awards, barring the
grand championship steer, Hereford
steer sold for more per pound than any
other animal in the show, the price be-
ing IA IL cents.
Can any breed Of cattle on earth equal
this record? The answer is no.-Here-
ford Advocate.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1909-03-19
CITY CDsaell.

y1NSX
March 18th, 1909.
Adjourned regular meeting city coun-
Gil.
Present, Mayor Miller, Aldermen King,
Felson, Short and Thompson.
Minutes Of meeting of Feby. 1st, 1909,
read and approved.
The following bills were audited and
allowed
A. L. Akers, night watch 10 nights
s1125; T. R. Shaw, balance on street
fence $500; Am. LaFrance Eng. Co.,
hose $3.50; Jos. Berard, wood and gas
oline $1,000; McBeth, Evans Co., street
globes sl1.17.
Report of city marshal, A. L. Akers,
was read, approved and ordered placed
on file.
Said report showed the following
Receipts for year ending Dec. 81, 1908,
cash for l6 poll taxes $500; cash for "a
dog taxes $500; cash for old lumber
sl.O0; total 5000.
A|ioDu1oCuiChto-u SoA COmmlSSlOu
$50; paid for labor S17.OO; balance
paid to city treasurer e27.e5; total $50.
There were also 30 poll taxes collected
in labor.
The following places and officers were
selected for the annual city election oc-
curing on Monday April 9Th, 1909.
Ward No. one-at j. G. Sonderman's
tailor shop. Judges, F. M. King, j. H.
Hannesson. Clerks, Syl. Gerandine, j.
D. Widlaw.
Ward No. two-at city council room.
Judges, G. w. Shoemaker, Joseph Shaw.
Clerks, Jos. Berard, Jas. Moorhead.
Ward No. threat Pioneer Express
Office. Judges, Aug. Short, John Nc
Caffery. Clerks, Geo. Leibinger, E. J..
Harris.
Auditor ordered to give notice of and
to call caucus for Saturday evening
April Bird.
Adjourned.
f. A. WARDWELL, Auditor.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1909-03-19
City Caucus Notice.

By direction of the city council eau
Gus of the voters of the city of Pembina
is hereby called to meet at the council
room on Saturday evening, April 3rd, for
the purpose of putting in nomination
candidates for the various Offices of the
city to be voted for at the election the
Monday following.
F. A. WARDWELL,
City Auditor.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1909-03-19
Kills Would-Be Slayer.

A merciless murderer is Appendicitis
with many victims. But DR.. Kings New
Life Pills kills it by prevention. They
gently stimulate stomach, liver and bow.
els, preventing that clogging that invites
appendicitis, curing Constipation, Bill.
BUSINESS, Chills, Malaria, Headache and
Indigestion. 25c at all dealers.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1909-03-19
Marriage Licenses.

Clarence Z. Herman and Lizzie Klindt
of Walhalla.
Ebenezer Stewart of Cavalier and
Martha A. McC onaghy Of Bathgate.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1909-03-19

G. p. Turner, the auctioncer, will sell
himself out at Bowesmont tomorrow.
MIR. Turner is returning to his former
home in Illinois where he will pay atten-
ton to stock. He sells all his household
articles and l. j. Foster will do the
shouting. There is large amount of
stuff and it will be good sized sale.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1909-03-19

Edgar florr is home from Minneapolis.
He has been i'll most Of the winter begin
ming with dIpthera and he now has
rheumatism.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1909-03-19

The Presbyterian missionary society
held tea meeting at the residence OF
a. Il. Harvey on Thursday afternoon.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1909-03-19

Rev. IL. II. Moore left Thursday for
Grand Forks where he will remain until
tomorrow in attendance at the quarterly
conference Of the ministers of this dis
trict.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1909-03-19

The Woodmen of St.Nincent announce
the production of an amateur play "a
Woodman's Picnic" at Reid hall ON
March Goth
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1909-03-19

The ladies Of the q. Il. S. are expect
ing n visit from the Grand Worthy
Matron, Mrs. Stack of Walhalla, next
week.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1909-03-19

Mr.. Haubenestlc, the genial N. P. con
ductor, left on Tuesdry morning FOL
Staples to take a run on the main line
There will be one or two in Pembina
that will miss his smiling face.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1909-03-19
Township Election.

A largely attended caucus was held by
the voters of Pembina township on Sat-
urday and the ticket nominated was
elected on Tuesday without opposition.
The proceedings both at the caucus and
election were very quiet and harmoni-
Gus. The following is the ticket elected.
Supervisor 3 years. james Meagher
Clerk .............W Walter Wexford
Treasurer ................ George Rene
Assessor .............. John F. Mile
Overseer Dist. l.. .... John F. Miller
>, ., Albert Defoe
i, +, 3..... Chas. A. Defoe
,, /, 4........... Fred Carter
=. ), 5........ George Domain
>, ,, 6....... Henry Monnette
>, ,, Mat Fritz
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1909-03-19

The A. O. U. w. had rousing session
at their hall on Tuesday evening with
refreshments us an accompaniment.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1909-03-19
Auctioneer, Neche, N. Oak.
Cows.

Some good mich COWS for sale.
w. B. HANCOCK
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1909-03-19

Ebcnezer Stewart OF Cavalier and
Miss Martha McConnachie of Bathgate
were married at the Nj. +. parsonage ON
Thursday Of last week by Rev. IL. IL.
Moore
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1909-03-19

Mrs. ChaS. A tkinson was hostess at the
third of Il series of dinner parties last
Thursday. Covers were laid for fourteen
and the evening pleasantly spent with
games.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1909-03-19
MARKET REPORT.

Friday ...... l.O0l Lob 39I 81 81
Saturday 900. LOB l.Ol 99I 80 81
Monday .... l.O4I l.O2 1881 93 S8
Tuesday ..... l.O2 LOO 96 81 SG
Wednesday -. LOB l.Ol 81 80 81
Thursday LOB l.Oll 81 50 81
Barley, ii to 50, Oats 40 to "A, Flax l.52
Freah lettuce and celery to-day at
Heneman's.
Something doing socially every night
this week and then some.
Miss Violet Langton, daughter of w.
G.. Langton, is seriously ill.
The literary meets with Mr.. and Mrs.
Hencman on Monday evening
X. Aylen has been quite i'll for some
time. Asthma is the trouble.
We misdated the Junior Prom last
week. The correct date is April 18th.
II. Il. Shaw was seriously i'll on Satur
day and Sunday but is up and around
again.
Weather still remains rather cool but
has been sunshiny and pleasant. 1t is
getting along to breaking up time.
The A. O. U. w. had rousing session
.f hall
refreshments us an accompaniment.
The Presbyterian missionary societ,
held a tea meeting at the residence o
y. r. Harvey on Thursday afternoon.
ing visit from the Grand Worthy
Matron, Mrs. Stack of Walhalla, neX1
week
The Woodmen of St.Nincent announce
the production of an amateur play "A
Woodman'S Picnic" at Reid hall OF
March Goth
Edgar lorr is home from Minneapolis
He has been i'll most of the winter begin
ming with dlptheria and he now ha
rheumatism.
Rev. Ill. II. Moore left Thursday TO
Grand Forks where he Will remain unit
tomorrow in attendance at the quartcrl.
conference Of the ministers of this dis
trict.
Ebcnezcr Stewart OF Cavalier an,
Miss Malth McConnachie of Bathgat
were married at the Nj. +. parsonage o
Thursday of last week by Rev. IL. II
Moore
Mrs. Chas. Atkinson was hostess at tn
third Of Il series of dinner parties las
Thursday. Covers were laid for fourtec
and the evening pleasantly spent wit
games.
The Winnipeg exposition managemel
have decided on making grand center
NAL celebration for 1912, it being or
hundred years since the arrival of I'll
Selkirk settlers at that time.
Mr.. and Mrs. r. G. Myrick Sr. WEI
host and hostess at another deligLtf
party on Tuesday. Covers We're laid fl
twelve and the evening was pleasant
spent playing 500.
Atkinson and Morris got in that car
horses this week and they have son
very fine teams. Among the rest a
four mules, one pair OF which are han
some enough to make driving team.
Mrs. +. G. Warner entertained at di
ner on Wednesday. The guests we
Mr.. and Mrs. +. A. Wardwell, Rev. al
Mrs. Moore, Mr.. and Mrs. Henema
Prof. Fitch, Mrs. Alex. Karr and Nj
Quackenbush.
John O'Connor Of st. Thomas b
been appointed by the governor in tt
place OF Grant S. Hager whose term h
expired as trustee Of the asylum for t
feeble minded at Grafton. f. w. Conn
has been appointed as trustee for t
blind asylum at Bathgate.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1909-03-19

John O'Connor Of st. Thomas has
been appointed by the governor in the
place of Grant S. Hager whose term has
expired as trustee of the asylum for the
feeble minded at Grafton. f. w. Conmy
has been appointed as trustee for the
blind asylum at Bathgate.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1909-03-19

The Winnipeg exposition management
have decided on making grand centen.
NAL celebration for 1912, it being one
hundred years since the arrival of the
Selkirk settlers at that time.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1909-03-19

Weather still remains rather cool but
has been sunshiny and pleasant. 1t is
getting along to breaking up time.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1909-03-19

Atkinson and Morris got in that car o.
horses this week and they have some
very fine teams. Among the rest arc
four mules, one pair OF which are hand
some enough to make a driving team.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1909-03-19

Mrs. +. G. Warner entertained at din
ner on Wednesday. The guests we're
Mr.. and Mrs. +. A. Wardwell, Rev and
Mrs. Moore, Mr.. and Mrs. Heneman,
Prof Fitch, Mrs. Alex. Karr and Mrs.
Quackenbush.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1909-03-19

Mr. and Mrs. +. G. Myrick ST.. were
host and hostess at another delight ful
party on Tuesday. Covers We're laid for
twelve and the evening was pleasantly
spent playing 500.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1909-03-19

II. Il. Shaw was seriously i'll on Satur-
day and Sunday but is up and around
again.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1909-03-19

Letters of inquiry referring to local
conditions have been received by several
parties in the city this week from the
secretary of the construction company
of the Midland railway. Also a letter
from Mr.. Hull, the right of-way man, at
jamestown, confirms the news of last
week, saying that the contract for grad
ing and iron has been let.
The pioneer express. [volume] (Pembina, Dakota [N.D.]) 1883-1928, 1909-03-19

Barley, u to SO, Oats 40 to "A, Flax L.;
The Salt Lake herald-Republican. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1909-1918, 1909-10-31

In America is imported and comes In the
form of a fleece" In bundles weighing
5 and 10 pounds each. Those benevolent
persons who find fault with women for
wearing the feathers and wings Of birds
in their hats should remember that every
hat worn by men represents life sacri-
feed by at least one soft-furred creature.
After the pelt has been removed from
the animal the fur is carefully brushed
and the long hair is Plucked out, and
solution Of nitric acid and mercury ap-
piled to develop the serrated edges of
each fiber As this solution gives the
fur a yellow tinge, 1t is called carrot
Ing" The peit Is next cut away from
the fur, leaving IL in q fleece" which
is sorted for quality and packed In bun
dies for delivery TO the hatmaker.
At the factory the process begins with
the cleansing and blending of the fur, the
forming and felting of the hat bodies;
the stiffening, dyeing and blocking Of the
hats. and, finally, the finishing and trim
ming All these processes are performed
mainly by hand. What machinery is used
requires skilful operatives and fully so
different persons handle hat from the
time the fur is weighed out for the
The Salt Lake herald-Republican. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1909-1918, 1909-10-31
CeanI19 ana !,
Rl0ozH9k uc RAamZ19 a00
NZHSZ05 A3chl7a5

would do the work Of nearly q hundred
men toiling along in the old way.
In appearance the former is like a
huge barrel set on end, underneath hole
in the bottom Is set a rapidly revolving
fan which creates a current Of air down
ward. Over the hole is set a brass cone
so closely perforated that it looks like
sieve. 1t is about three feet high and
tapers from a diameter Of two feet at
the bottom to about six inches at the
top. The fur fed into the former at the
TOP through rapidly revolving brushes. is
drawn quickly and evenly down upon the
surface Of the cone. An operator, stand
ing In front of the machine, opens the
doors with which it Is fitted, wraps damp
cloths about the fur covered cone, takes
ii out and gives it bath IN hot water
This process causes the fur to cling to-
gether, and after a moments immersion
it is removed from the bath and the be-
ginning Of the hat body slipped OF.
The next process is called sizing and
Is performed by men working around
large kettles filed with boiling water.
The hat body as It comes from the
former is taken by them, wrapped
IN a piece OF buriap and repeatedly dip
ped in the hot water and rolled by hand
till IT shrinks down to the desired size
and thickness. When finished the body
is eone-shaped and about One-third as
long as when It came OF the forming
cone During this process the felt is
carefully examined for imperfections
that would result in spelling the hat In
the finishing process. "Sizing" is by no
means a pleasant process. Clouds Of
steam rise from the kettles Of hot water
fling the room so that the wOrkmen look
like mere ghosts through the dense vapOr
and water dripping from their benches
covers the floor an inch deep.
Up to this point all hats look alike, re-
CARELESS of future size or form-a gray
ish cone of felt, varying Slightly in
length and weight. Some factories carry
the process no farther and are known as
body factories" and their product is
sold to other factories where t1e finish
ing is done.
The Salt Lake herald-Republican. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1909-1918, 1909-10-31

from the blooded animals. and the latter
were permitted to range IN a wild STATE
on the reservation. They thrived end
the herd grew until 1t numbered almost
800.
When AIIard died tho herd passed into
the possession OF his partner, Michel
Pablo, a half-breed Indian and an expert
buffalo raiser. Pablo was induced to
dispose of few of the animals to zoo
logical parks, but kept the larger por-
ton Of the herd intact until he learned
that the reservation was to be thrown
open to settlement and that the buffalo
must make way for the settler and his
cattle. Then it was that Howard Eaton.
expert hunter, Of Wolf. Wyo, attempted
to interest the United States government
IN the purchase Of the herd Failing in
this he turned to the American Bison
Association, but again was unsuccessful.
1t was at this iuncture that the Cana
dian government sent Howard Douglas.
The Salt Lake herald-Republican. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1909-1918, 1909-10-31

and injury on the part Of riders aud
leaders. Fred Decker had his horse
gOred under him, and his brother, John
ME Decker. twice had his mount gOred and
was slightly injured, his life being saved
only by the prompt action OF Pablo and
his brother in firing pistol bullets into
the neck OF an Infatuated beast that was
trying to kill man and horse.
Ia their maddened struggles against
being dragged into captivity 20 OF tHe
animals were killed. some OF them rush.
ing blindly against the sides OF the cor
rails with such force as to break their
neeks. One, the patriarch Of the he'd
fought with a younger bull. then ;ald
down in the loading chute and died.
1t was a pathetic picture to one who
stopped to think, as he gazed at the
lscerated, bleeding. ragged animals thst
stood in the corral at Rayalli. gazing
longingly through the cracks Of the high.
strong fences. cut upon the hills. beyond
which lay the wild free range rom
which they had been dragged In ignO-
minious captivity, to be loaded into
cramped stalls Of railroad cars. there 70
be left TO vent their fury in vain kicks
against the walls Of their prisons until
steam and steel landed them at their
new home. SlOwness in hauling the bison
from the roundup corral necessitatcd
some Of the animals standing in toe cars
for eight days before the last train
started for Canada. At last ali OF the
shipments save those that were killed
and two that escaped. were loaded abosrd
and the long trip Of 1900 miles u the
point Of unloading was commenced. Can
ada has secured a bargain In buffalo. aud
the United States loses an asset which
it may never be able to replace.
The Salt Lake herald-Republican. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1909-1918, 1909-10-31
c2A2oz23 Aa< 6<zm0

For stiff, or derby" hats the usual
quantity is from PA to ounces, but
more recently E lightweight" hat has
been made that uses but l 1-3 ounces OF
fur. Soft hats require from 3 to ounces,
according to the size Of the crown and
width Of brim. The fur is carefully
weighed and placed in a tin tray d.
vided into 70 compartments, and passed
To q girl who feeds each bunch into the
former"
Here Is where Yankee ingenuity has
effected a great saving of time and labor
to the hatmaker Prior TO 1850 the fur
was formed into hat bodies by the
tedious process of blowing" by which
the workman snapped a handful of fur
into the air with a bOw-string when 1t
would settle on the surface of a table
within q circumscribed space. He then
covered it with cloth wet in hot water
to make it felt" after which be pulled
and stretched 1t into shape by hand. The
process was so slow that a man could
make but six hat bodies per day.
The forming machine. which was In
vented about the date named, did away
with the blowing" operation and pTac-
tically revOlutionized the business, for it
The Salt Lake herald-Republican. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1909-1918, 1909-10-31

The first step In the finishing process
is eoloring. The hat bodies are thrown
irto large watts Of dyestuff Of the desired
color, heated to the boiling point. where
they remain for several hours until
thoroughly impregnated with color, after
which they are dried. "Stifening'' is the
next process. With ''derbys" both crown
and brim must be stiff. but with soft"
hats the brim must be stiffened enough
to preserve its shape. The bodies that
are TO be made into ''stiff" hats are
dipped IN a solution of sheliac dissolved
in alcohol which is carefully worked In
by hand All the free shelac is scraped
of and the body turned inside out so
that the side to which the sheilac has
been applied viii come on the inside and
rot Interfere with the final finishing pro-
cess. In the case of the soft hats only
that part of the body which forms the
hrim is treated with the shellsc solution,
which is pressed IN by a machine.
Drying kilns with a temperature of no
degrees receive the sdffened hat bodies
and extract all the moisture and alcohol.
In this way fully so per cent. Of the
alcohol used IN dissolving the shellae is
recovered. But, as IL contains q certain
percentage of water, II goes to a rectify
ing plant and is redistilled under the
watchful eye of Uncle Sam, who de-
mands a revenue on the recovered
product.
Now comes the real work of hat max
irg The stiffened cone shaped piece OF
felt resembles nothing in the line Of
a modern Kelly" or top-piece, unless It
be the peaked clowns hat sometimes
seen in q circus ring. The crown must be
blocked and the brim shaped and that
soft, glossy finish developed on the outer
surface. SOftened by aOt water the hat
body is stretched In crown and orim by
an ingenious machine and passed along
to a workman who blocks it by stretch
trg 1t onto n wooden block by hand. CIV
ing the crown q general shape and fat
tening out the brim. In this condition the
hst has no particular form or style, but
it looks ike a hat. Exact shape is i'm
parted &c the crown by the next pro-
The Salt Lake herald-Republican. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1909-1918, 1909-10-31

Among the individuals who took an in
terest "a preserving the buffalo was
Charles Allard. who secured few ami
mails and started a park on the Flathead
reservation, near Roman, In the early
eighties. He increased this herd by
breeding and purchase TO more than a
hundred head In few years. In 1898
he purchased the herd owned by Buffalo
Jones'" of Kansas. a1d drove them across
country to his herd on. the Flathead Ae-
companied by his family and riding In
an old-fashioned barouche. he followed
the herd across plain and mountain until
the members of the band were safely
delivered on the reservation In Montana.
This herd consists of full-blooded and
half-breed animals The latter we're pred
ucts of cross-breeding with cattle, but
they did not prove to be a desirable
aQimal, having all the undesirable and
none Of the good qualities Of either an
cestor. The mongrels were separated