davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Atlanta semi-weekly journal. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1898-1920, 1909-01-12
Disposing Of Household waste

As to the disposition OF waste from the
wash sinks and lavatories opinions diff
fer. The septic tank system for the dis
posal Of sewage has many warm advo-
Gates, and there are certainly many con-
ditions under which It can be successfully
installed. II is quite costly to install a
septic tank, as It calls for experienced
workmen, which It Is often very difficult
to obtain in the country. Those favoring
the septic tank seem to be bitterly OPP
posed to the cesspool. AS a matter of
fact, however, the septic tank Is simply
a cesspool in which natural decay goes
on. II a cesspool IL properly constructed
and contains four feet of liquid, tena-
cious skum four to six inches in deptE
viii form on top. which is Just what
takes place in the septic tank. There is
no good reason. therefore, why a cesspool
should not be provided on every farm
and prove the solution of what has been
an apparently unsolyable problem in the
past While the dry earth closet had It's
advocates. as ordinarily cared for 1t Is
likely to prove q breeding ground for
disease, and Is Just as likely to be obJec-
tionable and pernicious as a cesspool.
Much OF the trouble experienced with
eesspools IL due TO their improper con-
struction rather than to the system itself.
These pools should, OF course, be built at
some distance from the well and on STOP
ing ground that viii carry the drainage
from the house: otherwise, there is no
particular danger. Disinfectants should
not, as a rule be used In the cesspool, as
Il is now conceded that many forms Of
harmful bacteria are destroyed by other
forms which develop in the cesspooL
Trouble has frequently come from cess
pools because they were not kept COW
cred 50 a 3 to prevent MOSQUITOES breeding
therein. I am eredibly informed by those
who have had considerable experience
that a cesspool need not cost much money,
and that one six to seven feet wide and
seven feet in depth viii take care of the
waste material from a good-sized farm
house, and that a satisfactory pool can
be constructed by laying bricks around In
a circle In the bottom and finishing the
top OF with cement wall to depth OF
FIVE feet so that the seepage win all go
out at a considerable depth in the ground.
Any handy farmer can construct one for
himself at cost not to exceed 1890 to
5000. .-f-a ,
Atlanta semi-weekly journal. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1898-1920, 1909-01-12
UNDER A FATAL SPELL. /
Nineteen of the Managers Of the 81.
Louis Worlds Fair Dead

St Louis DISPATCH to n. Y. American,
'.And a director of the st. Louis World
Preceding these words. which because Of
their frequenoy IN print. have become familiar
to newspaper readers usually "a aP2e pears tne me
vocation. such as millionaire banker mill
honaire brewer capitalist" financier,"
prominent insurance man, society leader,
And following the stereotyped phrase Is stated
the cause Of DEATH. which IN some cases IS
natural and In other cases Is suicide:
A few daysg ago Francis d. Hirschberg
prominent insurance man. the social arbiter
Of St. Louis. and director or the 81. Louis
Worlds FAIR was shot to death in his home,
ISIS Lindell boulevard.
The worlds fair directorate death list. re-
vised from the most recent reports, now num-
bers nineteen. Several We're shot 10 death.
Several died under mysterious circumstances:
Severa died the result OF accidents Al
least one was shocked TO death by quotations
on a stock ticker. And. OF course. a NUMBER
The fact that four years after the great
exposition which celebrated the Louisiana pur-
chase nineteen OF the directors of that ex-
positions are dead has led persons in New
York Chicago and other cities to suspect that
the ST. Louis Worlds fair directorate was an
honorable body consisting OF the Dulk =.
suspicion Is not founded upon fact me
board of directors Of the Louisiana purchase
exposition (World's fair) was the active head
of the exposition, and only about 80 st. Louis
ans were members or H. tn-
The life insurance carried by the nineteen
directors was approximately 81, 400,OOO VI
This amount about 81 600. 600 went to the widow
of James L. Blair. who. in addition TO being
a director of the fair. was its general eoun-
sell and who died under. mysterious cireum-
stances" The insurance company which so
far has suffered most through the death ~
ST Louis WORLDS fair directors is the New
York Life which was compelled by the courts
to pay to Blair's widow sTT50o0.
The exposition was formally opened April
90. 1904 and formally closed December / nf
that year. Death. in q seemingly mereiless
spirit aid not wait until the close OF the ax-
position to begin breaking the ranks Of the
board OF directors. but snatched several OF
these men even before the opening. ana a.
least two of the several directors who did not
live to see the exposition died naturally.
At least two of the several directors who
unnaturally They were Isaac W. Morton and
William J. LemB. Sr.
Atlanta semi-weekly journal. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1898-1920, 1909-01-12

The salvation OF Gus agricultural soils
lies In the use Of 5udicious rotations IN
which the legumes predominant, and the
suuplemental use OF mineral plant food.
especially potash and phosphorus acid.
though nitrogen may be necessary occa-
sionally. The needed vegetable matter
NAV be put in the soil BY the use Of
green crops OF leguminous character, or
better sim. the maintenance OF ever in
creasing numbers Of live stock. That the
changes suggested are essential Is evil
denced By the following statistics from
the first year book OF the United States
department OF agriculture for 1907. In
this report the yield OF corn Is recorded
from ISIS up 10 1907. In that time the
yield In Georgia varied from fS2 to s.SS
bushels, and Il had an average farm price
during these years OF from As TO 70 cents.
Taking the highest yield and the highest
price the return per acre was $50. The
cost Of blowing and cultivating this crop
was Just as much as II the yield per
acre had been considerably larger. Refer
ring back to the results of the crop ro-
tation experiment conducted at the Mn
nesota station. II appears that 4S.2 bush
els Of corn per acre were raised in a
rotation as compared with $3.50 bushels
where the corn was grown continuously.
The facts presented show that through
a judicious crop rotation the farmer may
frequently gather from HIS sou larger
amount OF cotton In a single year than
ne nov obtains In three. There is evil
dence, on the other hand, to show that
the Weld OF our lands may be doubled
and trebled without adding materially to
the outlay for commercial fertilizers, la
Dor. tools or implements. The cotton crop
OF 1876 was worth approximately $500, CO.,
e0o.00o One who could add quarter 10
the value OF this crop would be consid-
cred statesman OF marvellous ability, a
Atlanta semi-weekly journal. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1898-1920, 1909-01-12
QUESTION AND ANSWER DEPARTMENT.
Prescribing Fertility through Crop Rotations

veritsble Colossus. and yet the agricul-
tural colleges and experiment stations
have blezed the way for a much greater
increase than Is here suggested. 1t Is
largely now a matter of dissemination OF
fundamental knowledge. II Is easy TO ap-
preciate the potency OF a crop rotation
In increasing the yield TO a point where
the cultivation OF the land becomes profit
able, and how failure 20 use rotations
renders 1t practically Impossible for the
farmer to wiring the fneanest kind OF an
existence from the soil. Our prodigality
with reference 10 the gifts which ma
ture so lavishly bestowed upon this coun-
try In the years In which e was being
prepared BIZ a MasterfuI Providence for
the reception and maintenance OF the
AngIo-saxon race Is directly traceable to
our Failure to educate our people along
Agricultural lines Few types OF educa-
ton have had to struggle more Bit
terry for recognition than agriculture,
and yet there is no type more funda-
mental to the progress and wellbeing OF
the nation. Through agricultural educal
ton the people may be taught how to
conserve the gifts OF nature on which all
permanent prosperity II based. Has the
time not come when the states OF the
south must support more literally the
work Of their colleges and experiment
stations?' These institutions have blazed
the way for progress ana they will ex-
tend the scope OF their Investigations and
usefulness through extension teaching as
soon as SUFFICIENT funds are made availa-
bic, ana when this era arrives the ques-
ton OF conserving all OF our resources,
but especially the greatest and most inn
portant OF all-the soil, VIII be under
taken along such broad and comprehens-
perity Of the American people for all
time TO come.
Atlanta semi-weekly journal. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1898-1920, 1909-01-12
JAS. s. AKERS GIVEN ov, Z
NOTABLE APPOINTMENT

WASHINGTON. Jan. 9.--As experts to
establish the nine official grades OF cotton
which congress directed to, be prepared,
Secretary of Agriculture Wilson has an
nounced the appointment Of half a dozen
business to act as a committee, to meet
in washington on February /. The COM
mittee, still incomplete, follows:
]. A, Airey, New Orleans James $.
Akers, Atlanta: F.. w. Crurnp, Memphis;
Johfle Martin. Paris,yi Tex. George w.
Neville, New York city; Lewis w. Parker
Greenville, S. c., all members Of widely
known cotton firms. Nearly all the i'm
portant cotton exchanges in this country
and Europe have contributed their stand
ards free nof cost for the use of the ex-
perts. in establishing, the grades. The
growers, manufacturers and exchanges
have all cordially assisted IN many ways.
The. cotton exchanges of the following
cities have contributed copies OF their
standards:
Augusta and Macon, Ca; Bremen, Ger
many = Charleston, g. Oh Charlotte, N.
c.; Galveston and Waco, Tex; Little
Rock, Ark; Liverpool and Manchester,
Eng; Memphis, Tenn; Mobile. Ala; New
Orleans, La; New York atty and Vicks-
burg, Miss. gavs y lsr
1t Is expected that other exchanges viii
contribute. - p &
James s. Akers is well known business
man and a member of the local firm. Of
cotton factors, Inmap, ARers & Inman.
Upon being questioned relative to the
appointment on the COMMITTEES, he SAID
that he did not yet know whether he
would be able to serve In that capacity.
Atlanta semi-weekly journal. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1898-1920, 1909-01-12
CONVICT FARMS
COME TOO HIGH

Although the prison commission, with
the approval of the governor, has de-
cided to purchase two tracts Of land for
farming purposes, 1t is safe to say that
none of the sites that have been offered
will be taken unless the owners agree TO
a material reduction in the price quoted
the state. Twenty or more tracts, vary
ing in size, have been offered, but the
price in each instance is regarded as ex-
orbitant
1t is understood that all of the persons
offering land to the state place too high
a price upon their property, especially in
view of the fact that any deal the state
makes will be a cash transaction. There
will be no notes, no promises, no waits
on the legislature. The state has the
money, and the governor is ready to sign
a warrant the minute he and the com
mission agree upon suitable sites.
It might be added in this connection
that the state hopes, in fact 1t intends, to
closeup the deals within thirty days. II
possible, so that the two farms Will yield
an income for the current year, by cul-
tivation.
one of the farms viii be situated in
central Georgia. probably not more than
so miles from Macon. This will be used
for reformaTory for white boys. The 9TH
er farm will, probably. be located in
south Georgia, and Will be used for
white men.
The foregoing We're, in substance, the
decisions reached at a conference We'd
nesday afternoon between Governor
Smith and the prison commission,
Atlanta semi-weekly journal. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1898-1920, 1909-01-12

the state? Why not increase our dairy
Industries to the point where they will
supply the needs of our own people?
Why not feed all our own cotton seed
meal at home. as we can wen afford to
do2' Let us raise more hogs on grazing
crops. We will then produce just as much
cotton. and the farmer will have COM
paratively little TO buy In the way Of
feed or supplies for his plantation. His
soil VIII become stored with vegetable
matter. and he will only need to buy
phosphates and potash to make his land
highly productive. BY all means let us
SOW cowpeas and all other legumes which
win store nitrogen in the soil. Keep the
land covered in the winter with oats and
veteh, and where alfalfa will succeed, by
all means let US cultivate IT, The cause
OF our failure with many crops Is due to
the soils depletion. We are just at the
edge OF the sea OF knowledge so far as IL
pertains 20 agriculture, YET there Is SO
much known that Is iavaluable to our
people that II is matter Of great regret
that the information may not be placed
before them in such graphic manner as
TO make Il OF immediate service. We are
using many -antedated forms of imple-
ments. Bigger plows and harrows, more
mules and less men. deeper and more
thorough cultivation viii insure the great
est success to the farmers OF the state.
Atlanta semi-weekly journal. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1898-1920, 1909-01-12

buhtuAn& Up IN AAnpofCAA7AA~1 = e-AA'.
A CORRESPONDENT writes: We have a
poor farm which has been badly eroded
tRr1uEr Improper cultivation I'm the past
We are endeavoring 20 reclaim this son
through the use OF leguminous crops and
commercial fertilizers. We are beginning
a system OF crop rotation.' We have been
trying 70 grow alfalfa and vetch, bun
have failed. even after using the nitrogen
producing bacteria. We believe our trou-
bic 10 be due 20 the impoverished eondi-
ton OF the soil We believe you are right
In advocating the development OF dairy
ing in this state as a means OF conserving
SON fertility. and we realize that subsoil-
ing and the application Of vegetable mat
ter through green crops will be OF muen
assistance in retaining our depicted
soils Any suggestions you can make
tB-0t will be OF service 10 US In view OF
..se conditions By which we are sur
rounded win be appreciated.
The problem with which you have to
contend is quite similar to that confront
ing many OF Us. ana yet I know from per-
sonal experience that under proper man
aRement the old eroded fields may be re-
claimed and made more productive than
they were when the primeval forest
spread its branches over them There Is
no heritage which our people have 90
important as the soil. and yet none which
has received 50 little care and considers
ton We are annually spending millions
upon millions Of dollars for commercial
fertilizers. and yet making no effort &c
conserve what nature has given us In
the way OF plant food already stored In
the son: nor are we utilizing the means
which nature points out as the most eco
nomic and desirable for retaining and
building up our exhausted lands. BY this
I refer to the use Of green crops. Since
animal industries have been 50 little de-
veloped in our state in proportion 10 its
needs. Il Is useless 70 talk about building
M the soil through the use Of farmyard
manure.
when you intend to turn under green
crops, especially the legumes. you are con-
fronted with two propositions; first, that
a Is a waste: and second, that the crop
Is needed for the maintenance OF i've
stock. There IS more or less truth in
both OF these statements. but Is It a
greater waste TO turn under a green crop
which stores nitrogen gathered from the
air at comparatively little cost TO the
farmsr than 10 purchase several hundred
mounds OF commercial plant food2 Can u
be a waste TO increase the water-holdtng
capacfty OF the soil and its crop-producing
power. as VIII certainly follow from the
turning under OF legumes? II may be
dfnfcult at first to establish rotation In
which the crops In two years out Of three
shall be OF a soil-building nature. put
when this end Is accomplished. the pronts
Of the farmer viii be much larger and
his Yields more uniform than they can be
under the conditions now existing.
Your point that some crops are more
exhausting to the soil than others Is wei
taken. The following table. which shows
the amount Of fertilizing constituents con-
tanned in several crops from acre, brings
out this point very nicely;
Atlanta semi-weekly journal. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1898-1920, 1909-01-12
Preventive Treatment for Hog ChOl.


r. r. l.. LAGRANGE. Ga, writes: NY
hogs that will weigh from 40 TO 100
pounds have something the matter with
them. They begin with a cough. then
lose appetite and hump up In the back,
and hnger for ten days or two weeks
and die. have them in pens 20 them
selves free from dust, but still they
cough necessarily. Do you think the
trouble is hog, cholera and. what would
you advise me to do for them9
From the symptoms given In your let.
ter II Is possible that your hogs are
suffering from cholera or swine plague.
We think II they are suffering from both
that the death rate would be very high
and the sickness OF short duration. We
Judge from your letter that your animals
linger for some time. While there are
lingering cases Of cholera on record, II
n the exception rather than the rule.
Hog cholera, as you know, is an in
fictitious disease to the intestine tract and
quite closely allied to typhoid fever !;
man Swine plague is an infectious pneu
monia which attacks hogs which are in L
rundown condition as a result OF hog
cholera 1t is for this reason that these
two diseases are so closely associated.
The best assurance against an attack OF
infectious pneumonia is TO keep the ami
mails IN frst-class health, and the SAM
tation Of the surroundings should be
first examined into, and the feed lots,
pens and troughs thoroughly disinfected.
IL is important to supply only pure
water. 1t should be borne in mind, how
ever, that sanitation will not prevent
an outbreak of the disease. Since your
hogs seem TO be in a rundown condi-
ton at this time, We would suggest that
after thoroughly disinfecting the quar-
tiers you place them in well-grassed lots
provided with proper shelter so as to
get them away from dust and dirt. We
would isolate all hogs that seem to be
IN, and separate others that may be at
tackled as soon as there is evidence OF
illness.
A good medicinal treatment is the fol-
lowing: Mix together one pound Of wood
charcoal, one pound OF sulphur, two
pounds of sodium chloride, two pounds
OF sodium bicarbonate, two pounds OF
sodium hyposulphite. one pound of So
dunn sulphate and one pound OF antimo-
ny sulphide. These ingredients should
be thoroughly pulverized and a dose Is
a large tablespoonful for each 400 pounds
weight OF hogs to be treated. This
should be given once dairy and may be
mixed with milk or Cruel.
For your information we would say
that the symptoms OF hog cholera are
evidenced by cold shivering lasting some
times for several hours. There IL sneez-
ing followed by loss OF appetite and a
standing appearance OF the hair. The ears
droop and the animals are nauseated,
stupid and like to hide away in dark
and quiet places. The eyes are dull
ana sometimes there is a swelling OF the
head and eruption on the ears and other
parts OF the body. The breathing is la
bored and there IL an unnatural appetite
for eating dung, and dirty, salty sub
Atlanta semi-weekly journal. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1898-1920, 1909-01-12

stances. There is often a fetid, often
sive discharge from the bowels. Some
times there are numerous red spots be-
hind the ears and on the nose, and to-
wards the termination of the disease
these turn purple. Costiveness in the
early stages Of ,the disease is likely to
be followed by dlarrhoea just before
death.
1t is impossible to diagnose your trouble
exactly by letter, and therefore We would
suggest that II you try this treatment
fective that you employ a competent
veterinarian.
Up to the present time no very salts
factory treatment for hog cholera has
been discovered. The very nature of this
disease and the immense losses 1t has
caused hogmen have naturally made it
the subject OF extended investigation
Until recently comparatively little pro-
gress has been made. but now the bu-
reau of animal industry of the United
States department of agriculture has
perfected a vaccine known as Dorset's
Hog Cholera Vaccine. 1t consists of an
immune syrup made OF blood serum
drawn from a hog which Is immune to
the disease. BY immune we mean an an
imal exposed to the disease and associ-
ated with a herd where large numbers
have died and yet which has not taken
the disease The other constituent OF the
vaccine is the hog cholera virus or
blood serum drawn from a hog suf-
fering from the disease. These two sub
stances are simultaneously injected into
healthy animals. Sufficient experimental
work has now been carried on to show
that this method Of vaccination seescs
to be quite efficient. OF course the meth
cd Is still under observation and It
might be unwise to say that its efficiency
has been thoroughly demonstrated as yet.
but Il certainly gives promise OF being
a sovereign remedy for this trouble. AS
yet the serlIns are expensive because
they must be obtained from animals
which yield only comparatively small
amount of blood serum. Naturally, the
process involves the killing OF hogs to
save hogs, and then there Is the danger
that might easily follow the wide dis
tribution of hog cholera virus into the
hands of careless or uniformed persons.
Attempts are now being made to at
tenuate or modify the hog cholera virus
by passing It through horses, These In
vestigations, however, have not progress
ed suficientiy 20 justify, any definite con-
clusion up to this time. II the horse
could be used as means OF producing
the serum, IL would lessen the cost and
mitigate the dangers attendant upon
using the hog cholera virus. If you will
write to the bureau OF animal industry,
United States department of agriculture,
washington, D. c., they win be pleased
to send you printed information which
win give you more detained knowledge
on this subject. Tissues. tf... ~.
Atlanta semi-weekly journal. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1898-1920, 1909-01-12
WOMAN rs HURLED
FROM HIGH BRIDGE

BIRMINGHAM. Ala. Jan, s.--A fast
freight train on the Louisville and Nash
willie railroad, struck Mrs. Mary Acton
on a bridge near Helena, IT miles south
Of here this morning knocking her into
creek. Is feet below.
The victim died in two hours. Mrs.
Acton and four friends were walking on
the bridge when the train came along.
The friends managed to get out of the
way just in time.
Mrs. Acton was 50 years old, and lived
at Refuge, Ala.
Atlanta semi-weekly journal. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1898-1920, 1909-01-12
TOTAL IN SIGHT +.
9,O75,473 BALES

NEW ORLEANS. Jan. s--Hester's weekly
movement:
Amount In sight for the week 354. $50 bales
against 357 s66 bales last year and 2.4s0 bales
year before. efs% FFE A. at IG
In sight since September list. sO75.47S bales
against 7.119. 2h bales last yearss and s,5Oo6z7
Oa oSsrisnS fo slG sse week bales agAinst
a6,77s bales last year and $500 bales year
before.
Overland since September LIST, 6s2,s7s bales
against 800 SIS bales last year and e4l.4Z5 bales
year before. tt F+Sasssea
Southern consumption for the week O. 900
bales. against $4,000 bales last year and 5000
bales year before.
Atlanta semi-weekly journal. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1898-1920, 1909-01-12
ALABAMA GINS FIRED
BY NIGHT RIDERS

NASHVILLE, Tenn. Jan. s.-Night
riders have broken loose in Cleburne
county, Alabama. Two gins have been
burned in the Oak Level neighborhood,
and Harry Benson, ginner, was severe
ly beaten before he would obey the man
dates of the outlaws and quit preparing
cotton for the market.
The sheriff and posse have gone to the
disturbed district.
Atlanta semi-weekly journal. (Atlanta, Ga.) 1898-1920, 1909-01-12
MOBILE NAMES DELE
GATES TO BANQUET

MOBILE, Ala. Jan. s.-Messrs. z. L. Rms
sell. John Craft Lebai on Lyons and L. Hammel
wer today appointed delegates TO attend tie
banquet to be given to President Elect Taft at
Atlanta, Ca, January 10, BY the Mobile Com
nereial club.