The Hawaiian gazette., 1909-12-03
Posthumous Publication of DR..
Serene Bishop Advances
New Theory.
oo0000000000000Oo

o cold current has slowly crept o.
o along the whole breadth of the o
o Pacific Ocean from the Antarctic o.
o Glacier which originated it, and O
o after 5000 miles of submarine o
o journeying has finally emerged O
o to the surface along the north o
o west coast of North America o
o against which it has been push o
o ed by the globes rotation. o
o There this cold current has been @
o spread abroad over the surface o
o of the Northeast Pacific. 1t has o
o ultimately drifted down over o
o 1000 miles to Hawaii, still cool, o
o reaching us at a temperature Of o
o 50' in March and 70' in Sep o
O tember.-Dr. Serene E. Bishop. O
eco 10000 o00O O000
With one stroke of the pen the late
DR.. Serene E. Bishop, the venerable
scientist of Hawaii, discoverer of the
famous "Bishop Rings about the sun
and author of various scientific works,
disputes the old theory that the Arctic
| current cools the air of the section
| of the Pacific in which the Hawaiian
| Islands lie moored, and advances the
/ theory that it is current sweeping up
from the Antarctic ocean which gives
the Hawaiian Islands their incompara'
BILE climate. This theory is set forth
in paper written by Doctor Bishop
shortly before his death and is now
being issued by the promotion COM
mittee as promotion pamphlet. In the
opening portion Of the paper Doctor
Bishop says:
! "This climate is unique. How many
people know, or how many ever tell,
that there is no other such mild, uni
| form, comfortable climate on any other
island or continent of our globei Yet
such is the simple truth. Both for mod
Grafton and uniformity of temperature,
there is elsewhere nothing like it with
in the tropics, nor in other zones. And
there is specific reason for this re-
markable fact, which this paper will
duly set forth.
"With very slight variations from
year to year, in the cool suburbs of
Honolulu, our August mercury ranges
} between a maximum of 50 deg. and
minimum of TO deg. In February, its
maximum and minimum are so deg. and
90 deg, You ask, how can this be
true! Why should the climate of Ha
waii be the one exception to all other
climates within the tropics? Why is it
quite devoid of the sweltering heats al
ways found elsewhere within the Tor
rid Zone? And why should it enjoy
such almost unvarying uniformity7
''ln giving such explanation of the
source of this well known cold surface
current from the Pacific Coast, the
writer is, of course, aware that he con
travenes a long accepted doctrine OF
the physical geographers. Their theory
recognizes the constant arrival upon
the North Pacific Coast of America OF
vast body of cold water extending
far out into the ocean. They admit
that it is of such extent as profoundly
to modify the climate of that whole
coast, both in summer and winter. But
these scientists have entirely failed t.
note the real and only adequate cause
of that cold ocean area and have at
tributed its existence to a source whicl
is physically an impossible one.
"This long accepted theory, whicl
is taught in all the school biographies
is that this vast cold ocean area, near
ly as large as Australia, is merely al
extension of the warm Japan curren
or Kuro Siwo. That current sweep
past the Aleutian Islands and become
chilled in passing the Southern Coas
of Alaska in latitude 60 deg. north
1t is then detected southwardly by tn
American coast and turns down south
east along Oregon and California carry
ing with it to those States portion
of the cold climate of Alaska.
"This absurd and impossible theory
in the absence of any competing sug
gestion, has gained universal accept
ance. That il is absurd and impos
sible' that these terms precisely de
scribe it, now proceed to prove
"In the first place, it is PHYSICAL,
impossible for any current existing i
either the atmosphere or in the ocea
to turn southwark toward the equato
as the assumed Japan current is allege
to do without being mt once defiecte
to the westward by the globes rotf
tion. II would be impossible for tn
alleged current TO proceed southeas
along the coast to Oregon. Ii woul
necessarily become southwesterly Gu
rent wasting itself in midocean.
would follow the invariable laws Of a
currents.
"To specify more closely. AS III
Japan current began to move soutl
ward, it would az once encounter a
ocean surface of lower latitude whic
was rotating eastward with create
speed than itself, because at great'
distance from the oarth's axis, Thi
swifter surface would immediatel
leave behiud the oncoming current fro
the north, which had slower onsiwaI
rotation, In other words that eurFeI
would clip westward.
Secondly, an actual inspection
those cold waters along the facii
Coast shows that they aIe mnyil
norihwnrd and not souibwhTd, Tl
regular current outside the doli'
Gate seis strongly Ca The nerih Pa
tho mouth ~ Columbia River h B
yeriahly sets n0nhwafd, This 10 Prov
49, fla fa.f aluI fIa l.uaa .saaast laa.