Los Angeles herald., 1909-07-04

pendent of the King of England,
Throughout the Different Provinces
on Tuly 4, 1876 From Old Print
Many liberty loving Germans had come to the
American colonies and French Canadians were coming
down to Boston and to Maryland, kind of immgra-
tion against which the advisers of George Ill espe-
cially warned him tending to loosen his hold upon
the colonies. The Declaration sets forth as griev-
that the King prevented the population OF the
colonies, indeed he did by obstructng nauralza-
tion.
The Declaration protests against the Judges being
dependent the will of the King for their salaries,
and, indeed, in of the colonies many of the
judges had been impeached for declaring that they
would receive their salaries from the royal treasury
Graphically the authors of the document tell how
the erection of multitude of new offices had impover-
ished the country, referring to the collectors ap-
pointed to carry out the provisions of the Stamp act
The quarterng of troops in times of peace was sub
stantial grievance complained of, for the King in
sisted retaining British regiments here after the
French and Indian War at the expense of the colo
nsts ostensby for defence but in reality to suppress
growing democracy.
The words "he has affected to render the military
Independent of and superior to the civil power re-
fer to the position taken by General Gage, who
with several regiments of British troops in Bos
ton By order of the King he had been made superior
to the civil government.
Here and there through the colonies Americans had
been killed in alterations with British soldiers, who
were subsequently put on trial and acquitted. The
Declaration accuses the King of quartering large
bodies of armed troops and of protecting them by
mock trial from punishment for any murders which
they may commit"
Trade with the Spanish and French colonies had
been cut off from America because England wished
all the trade for herself, and even fishing on the
Banks of Newfoundland had been stopped. All this
is comprised i'll the arragnment "for cutting off
trade with all parts of the world
Coonists deprived of trial by jury and the
monstrous practice adopted stated in the
Declaration, of transporting them England for trial.
in direct violation of the ancient charter of liberties
which maintains that every "shall have trial
before his of the vicinage" This violently
opposed by leading British statesmen.
fh0 aiT.nC tod in
ration, and how well they were sustained by the
bitrament of war the world knows The nation began
celebrating the glorious Fourth from the very begin
ming. Salutes of thirteen cannon were fired by the
army in 1777, and the new Republic pledged in
wine. At some of the posts there dances which
the wives and daughters of the officers attended
and i'll these festivities the helpmates of Generals
Knox and Greene were especially active. 1t is re-
corded that on the first anniversary our troops
at MorrstOwn, N. j., regaled with an extra
ration of gill of rum The celebration grew in pop
uarty the following year, with more cannon and
more bonfres. One of the features parades in the
South was figure with tremendous headdress, in.
tended to ridicule the foibles of the Tory ladies.
West Point saw a significant celebration in 1779
when General Washington issued a pardon for all
prisoners i'll the army under sentence of death The
last celebration of the army of the Revolution
took place on both shores of the Hudson River and
a grand salute was fired.
To-Day
More of the nature of a festival dominated the
Fourth after 1888, for then parades free din
ners toass, the reading of the Declaration in public
by citizens, and more and the participation OF
the younger generation. Dignity and soemny marked
these early celebrations and eloquent speeches were
made. In New England the day was specially OBJ
served with the old time fervor, and great orators
delivered addresses of burning patriotism
The ffteth Fourth of July was a notable ami.
Versary Several of the original signers the Dec
laraCon OF Independence still alive although
unable ON account of extreme old age take part in
the exercises to which they were hidden. New York
mad grand procession and barbecue in the square
now named after Washington, which 10000 per-
sons were present Josiah Quincy was the orator of
the day i'll Boston, and addresses were also made by
Webster and Peabody. Edward Everett dscoursed
at Cambridge. speech made from the steps of
the National Capitol
Freedoms jubilee observed by the Centennial
Exposition in 1876, and impressive exercises were
held both In Philadelphia and New York. Since the
Centennial the patriotic and serious features of
day seem to have been essened and the occasion is
accompanied more by noise and merrymaking and
sports in the open air. The amount and variety of
the noises have apprecaby increased and casualties
on the Fourth have reached such proportions as TO
cause alarm and to start movement for a celebra-
tion which shall have more Declaration of Inde-
pendence and fewer firecrackers and fireworks and a
smaller proportion of lockjaw The Fourth of July,
1885, which brought the news of the destruction Of
Ceryeras feet caused the flame of patriotism to
burn with renewed fervor and the CONSUMPTION of
powder by the ton
The Fourth is a statutory holiday in every State
and its fame has gone beyond the seas. Americans
celebrate it by a dinner in London at the Embassy
with the kindly assistance of British officials and in
Paris and Berlin the day is toasted Switzerland
officially recognizes the day. In Japan the Japanese
join with American residents in haing the birth of
the American Republic. Other nations have since
the Declaration achieved republican forms of govern
ment. The new American possessions and the spread
of amity toward the United States, a world
Power, have made the Fourth factor throughout all
the civilized world.