davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1909-02-26

America was created. Benjamin FRANK
lin, who had been appointed postmaster
of Philadelphia in 1877, was given the
office in 1853 He visited all the I'M
portant postoffices. Though his reforms
made the office bring in a clear rev.
enue, he was removed by the king in
1774, but shortly after was appointed
to the same office by the Continental
Congress. The first postmaster Of the
United States of America was Samuel
Osgood. When he took charge of the
department the country had seventy
five poStOffices.
The charge for the delivery Of letters
was based on distances covered and
varied from cents for thirty miles to
25 cents for $50 miles. Until 1868, dis
lance was the basis Of cost. In that
year a uniform rate of postage ignor-
ing the distance was fixed at 3 cents.
Oct. 1, 1888, this was reduced to 2
cents. During the early days Of Alas
kan development, every letter delivered
in Nome cost the government 81.
Though the use of adhesive postage
stamps was authorized in 1S47, prepay
ment by stamps was not made compuls-
DRY until 1856. A uniform free deliv-
cry system was not instituted until
1863, though the penny post existed in
a number Of cities in 1862, the carriers
remunerating themselves by the collec-
ton of a voluntary fee Of from 1 to 2
cents for each piece of mail delivered.
A convention held in Paris in 1873
made various improvements in the reg
ulations and provided for postal con-
gress to consider revision Of all pend
ing rules at least every five years. The
International Postal Union thus effect
ed works constantly for the simplifi-
cation and Identification of postal sys-
TENS. The rate fixed by the first con-
vention, Of 5 cents for each half unit
of weight for ordinary letters still pre-
walls, save that recently special conven-
lions reducing it to 2 cents have been
arranged between this country and
England and this country and Germany.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1909-02-26

This first governmental issue Of
stamped envelopes, stamped letter pa
per and adhesive labels or stamps in
fore, in 1887, stamped wrappers under
the name Of "go-frees' had been used
experimentally and had been recon-
mended to the chancellor Of the eX-
chequer for adoption by the govern
ment. In Dundee, a printer named
James Chalmers printed stamps from
ordinary type, washing their backs with
gum. He showed them to his neigh
bors, but made no public mention of
them until November, 1887, nine months
after Sir Rowland Hill had drawn the
attention of the commissioners of the
postoffice to the possibilities Of using
such adhesive stamps when people
bought unstamped envelopes to the
postoffice.
The postal system derives it's very
name from the posts placed along Ro-
man roads to mark points where court
ers took dispatches. But the modern
postal system with it's prepaid postage,
with it's system of levying postal trib-
ute on the basis Of weight and not dis
lance, its letter boxes, its delivery Of
parcels and newspapers and money or
ders, dates from Sir Rowland Hill.
The earliest official notice of a postal
service in the American colonies is
found in the records of the general
court of Massachusetts in 1859. The
house Of Richard Fairbanks in Boston
was under the ruling of the court desig-
mated as the place for all letters
brought from across the seas or to be
sent thither. He was allowed a penny
for every letter which he received or
sent. In Virginia, every planter was
required to provide a messenger to car
~ letters as they arrived at his plan
tation to the next one. He forfeited
a hogshead Of tobacco should he fail
to do so. In 1872, the government of
New York established a monthly post
between New York and Boston. In 1892
the office of postmaster general for
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1909-02-26

An interesting study of college En-
trance Requirements in Theory and
Practice which appeared in The In
dependent presented a long list of uni
versities and colleges at which a very
large percentage Of the students were
admitted with conditions. One Of these
institutions, which took in more than
so per cent on these terms, formerly
insisted that all conditions should be
worked off before the student could
enter the freshman class. The appli-
cants had to pass examinations, nc
matter what school they came from. If
they took the examinations early in the
summer and failed in certain studies
they worked on those studies through
the summer vacation and tried again
at the opening Of the college in the fall.
If they failed this time in whole or
i'm part they were kept out until they
could make good. With the system
changed, entering with conditions has
become the rule, and such a history
emphasizes, we think, some of the
points that are made by John G. Bow
man, the writer Of the article in The
Independent. If the purpose of the
colleges is to increase the student roll
it is no doubt successful, but the ques-
ton naturally arises: What signif-
canoe have the requirements" They
are, as Mr.. Bowman says, not a real
minimum, they are at best an osten-
sible minimum, any part of which is
liable in most colleges to temporary
suspension and occasionally to complete
abrogation." There is no standard
worthy Of the name, but merely a pre-
tense at standard. The requirements
look big In the catalogue, but the dis
erection that is used takes all the fervor
out of them and reduces them to an
abSurdity. There is no real co-opera-
ton between the secondary school and
the college, but an excellent opportu-
nifty is offered for passing along the
unfit. If numbers alone is the object
Mr.. Bowman is right in saying that
the college has embarked upon a dan
gerous course which threatens it's sin
certify and it's efficiency" On the other
hand, if the printed requirements are
unreasonable, sit is time not to make
exceptions that confuse all standards
and demoralize students, but seriously
to face the problem Of organizing pre-
paratory education on a basis that is
really vital and Indispensable, and Of
devising machinery capable of en-
forcing it,
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1909-02-26
Seeing and Listening.

Here's a sort Of queer thing" said
neersighted man. Il am very near
sighted. Strong glasses are indispensa-
BILE to me for ordinary, general seeing
in my goings about, but when 1 sit
down to read l take off my glasses
and bring the print up to within the
natural focus Of the eye. 1t seems to
me that reading with the natural eye
can read with a more intimate and a
clearer understanding.
$50 much for my reading without
spectacles, and now here is the thing
that is queer to me. If when l am
reading thus, with my glasses off,
somebody comes along to speak to me,
why, then, to get clear understand
ing of that question l must have on
my spectacles.
$50 say or I would say if this hap
pie. Wait a minute till 1 get on my
spectacles,' and l would put them on
and then say, Now go ahead and real
ly, with my spectacles on, with my
power of seeing at it's best, with the
sharpest definition of things in general
to the eye, l get the clearest apprehen-
sion of things said to me.
$50 in reading | do best with my
glasses off, but in understanding things
said to me, In listening, l do best with
my glasses On. There is one modifica-
ton to this-where there is no light, as
in a dark room, where | can't see, l
can understand equally well with or
without glasses. New York Sun.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1909-02-26
Short Suggestions.

A tablespoonful Of caramel audeu
the pot of black coffee served al9
dinner will add much to its flavor
Mix pastry several hours before II
to be rolled out, and much LABOR
saved and a better result obtained
When brushing a room sweep to"al
the fireplace, otherwise the draft lrq
the chimney draws the dust in tha'
rection.
Parmesan cheese sprinkled thlch
over stewed tomatoes that are iap
Drowned in a baking dish gives 'he
an added zest.
Break the eggs into a small-sz'
funnel. The whites will all pass throu'
into the bowl below and the yoIks W
be left in the funnel.
Try adding chopped figs to nut al
apple salad. The flavor is immense
improved. Not much of the fig is use'
lust enough to give suspicion OF spy
sweetness.
Cold shrimps or cold chicken cut III
dice, and mixed with cold peas HI"h
a delicious leftover when creameu W.
butter, salt, pepper and a little I'LL
or cream in a chatting dish.
Turnips, carrots, onions ana caOD"'
should be boiled in a great dedI
water. taken off Immediately ana drai
ed. Too little water will turn 'ne
dark, and overlooking destroys "
taste.
To candy fruit for Immediate "
make a strip which will crackle III
glass of water Dip each piece OF II !
with a fork into the taffy, then VI
into a plate of powdered sugar. Use
spoon to dip juicy fruit.
To temper lamp globes put theD
cold water, bring them to Doll d
let the water cool. Often Tau,
shaped globe cannot be matched d
this treatment will prevent the u'u
accidents that happen to untehlpe'
glass.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1909-02-26

An extraordinary demand has arisen
in the eastern counties of England for
secondhand Bibles-the older and dirt
Ter the better. Copies which formerly
realized four pence are now readily
bought for half n crown. They are
age in the case of old-age pensions. A
woman who produced Bible to prove
her age as rs from an entry ON the
fiyleaf had, unfortunately, omitted to
tear out the title page, which showed
that the Bible was printed in 1895.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1909-02-26

every day or so. But the world obsd
nately refuses to be destroyed, and
when it comes to an end, only one
prophet will be entitled to gasp, 81
told you sov' A year ago Nine. de
Thebes Of France predicted war be
tween Japan and America in Novem
Der, 1908. Instead, little later, There
was the exchange of peaceful notes
Nothing daunted, madame predicts ter
rible wars between next August an6
February, 1910. So look out for rec
year."
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1909-02-26

Pare and slice some raw potatoes V
thin, lay them in cold water for |
an hour, wipe dry in two cloths, Spro
ing them upon one and pressing
other upon them. Have ready in
ing pan some boiling lard; fry a Ii
brown, sprinkle with salt and serve
a napkin laid in a deep dish and fol
over the potatoes. To dry them Of
fat, take from the frying pan as S
as brown with a perforated skimr
put into a coiander and shake for
instant. They should be crisp and
from grease.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1909-02-26

In the advertising columns Of the
newspapers are found the business
cards of countless seers and clairvoy
ants. who promise for a small sum to
rend the veil of the future and tell
their patrons what is going to happen
to them. That palmists, card readers
and clairvoyants are able to pay for
the advertisements which appear in the
same place day after day is evidence
that they find enough credulOus persons
to keep the prediction business on q
paying basis. Their victims are beyond
reason, or they would reflect that the
forecaster of future events, such as
the condition of the stock market six
months ahead, would make more
money by using his knowledge for his
own benefit than by selling it for two
dollars. Besides the prophets who are
in the business for the profit there is
In it, the world Is blessed with gen.
erous philanthropic seers who publish
free of charge predictions. always of
some disaster, as great storms, earth
quakes, wars, and the end of the world
Sometimes an event obligingly falls
out on somebody's prediction, and
reputation is made. If seers in all
parts Of the world keep on foreseeing
earthquakes every day or two. an
earthquake, when 1t comes, will be like
~ 10 find a prophecy awaiting It. The
ft9m is 30 taken up with predictions
fkat sH event must alight on one of
t*-SAa} 4 prophet destroys the world
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1909-02-26

Select plump, goodsized oyst,
drain off the juice, and to cup of t
juice add a cup Of milk, a little S
four weli-beaten eggs and flour enol
to make batter like griddle cakes,
velop an oyster in spoonful of t
batter (some cut them in halves
chop them fne), then fry in butter {
lard, mixed in a frying pan the sd
as we fry eggs, turning to fry bro
on both sides. Send to the table V
hot.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1909-02-26

Mr.. Rockefeller has given another
million to the University Of Chicago
At the rate Of million a year it will
take him twenty-eight years more to
give away the $29,OOO,OOO saved by not
having to pay the fine assessed by
Judge Lands.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1909-02-26

~ the postage stamps of
this country have varied
in design. Their use was
EN2HN sanctioned by an act Of
EsissES35M Congress March 3, 1S47.
A tentative issue had
been issued at the postoffice Of New
York and in st. Louis two years before,
in 1916, and in Rhode Island in 1916.
The first stamps issued were for and
10 cents and bore the portraits Of
Franklin and Washington. At various
times a complete series varying in
price from 1 to 80 cents was issued.
The portraits used on the stamps were
those Of Franklin, 1 cent; Jackson,
2-cent; Washington, 3-cent; Lincoln,
Webster, 15-eent; Scott, 24-cent; Ham
ilton, 9O-cent; Perry, 9O-cent, and STAN
ton, 7-cent. Most Of these portraits
were drawn from marbles, but Stanton
was reproduced from photograph.
Rowland Hill of England was found
er of the modern postal system. Eng
land, accepting his scheme of postal
reform, was the first country to intro
duce the system of delivering prepaid
letters carrying postage stamps. A story
has 1t that Sir Rowland was staying
at an inn in northern England. While
there he saw the postman deliver to
his hosts daughter a letter which she
returned unopened, as she had not a
shilling to pay for it's delivery. Moved
to compassion by the lingering fondness
with which she turned the letter over
in her hands, carefully studying every
mark on its exterior, Sir Rowland ten
dered a shilling to the postman, who
left the letter Then the innkeeper's
daughter, embarrassed by his kindness,
explained that it was unnecessary She
and her brother, unable to pay postage
had arranged a code Of communication
While she handled the letter she had
learned what he wished her to know.
Whether this story be true or not,
Sir Rowland Hill, who was only Mr.
Hill at the time, as he was knighted
later, early realized the inadequacy Of
the postal system of England and ar
IDENTIFY advocated his system, under
which postage should be prepaid.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1909-02-26
Cheap Board.

New Curate-Can any of you tell me
how much it costs to board an automo-
bile here?
Old Resident-About thirty dollars,
l think.
Young NJ. D.-But it only costs twen-
ty-fve to board horse.
Miss Stenographer-And 1t only costs
five cents to board trolley.-Success
Magazine.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1909-02-26

Slice layer of raw potato in oakl
dish, add few slices Of onion, little 81
pepper, and butter. Have last layer
potato, placing few slices of salt pc
across the top. Fill the dish about o
half full Of milk or water and bt
one and One-half hours.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1909-02-26
PorcuDfne Apples.

Blanch almonds and cut them il
thirds lengthwise. Pare, core a
bake the apples with a little butt
sugar and nutmeg, and when they
done stick the almond quilts all oV
them. Arrange them in mould a
serve with a custard sauce.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1909-02-26
Nut MacarOOns.

Two eggs, one cupful of brown Susa
one-half teaspoonful of baking po"at
in seven heaping tablespoonful of foq
one cupful of nuts chopped Bake
fairly hot oven, having dropped the
on buttered tins.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1909-02-26

Massachusetts has a law to prevent
recxlessness and speeding in automo-
biIes. which law may be rendered ride
uic1s by it's wrong punctuation, as it
forbids driving over roads "laid out
under the authority Of the law reck-
lessly or while under the influence of
liquor" Boston. in consequence, is in
rhetorical spaSmS.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1909-02-26
To Make Cold Meat Like Ne

Put leftover roast or steak, with
gravy, into a round pudding dish. Pl
the dish in the center Of a steamer {
steam for twenty minutes in an orc
airy frying pan half filed with wal
The meat and gravy will be just as g
as fresh cooked, being quite juicy, {
not at all dried up, as would be
case if done in the oven.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1909-02-26

China now owns its telegraph system
which makes us wonder if it isn't
quicker to send the Chinese language
by freight than try to strain the wires
with it.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1909-02-26

An Eskimo, with a scientific educa-
ton and the proper outfit, is going
after the north pole in deadly earnest.
The Eskimos believe that the pole
should be kept at home.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1909-02-26

Queen Lii thinks her claim against
the government will be paid. Anyway
it won't hurt her to feel optimistic
about 1t.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1909-02-26

When a man goes to town to visit,
it is thought funny if he remains two
days, but woman is expected to re-
main at least two months, and have
parties given in her honor.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1909-02-26

An Oklahoma woman has 301 ways
to cook corn. But mother will go on
soaking them in hot water and apply
ing fathers best razor.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1909-02-26

One of the preachers says Adam was
a loafer. This decision has probably
been arrived at because we have no
proof that Adam ever got up in the
morning and put on the coffee pot for
Eve.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1909-02-26

PREVENTS BURNING. lenses of the cd
A simple piece of apparatus to prev
this mishap has been devised. 1t a
sists of a metal affair resembling
inverted pieplate, generously perforat
with small holes. This rests on the h
tom Of the kettle and effectually n
vents the contents from coming il
contact with the overheated bottom
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1909-02-26
sterner Measures Necessary.

Really" said Nervey, II want you
to be my wife. Come, now, don't say
No."
"Mr. Neryey," replied the heiress, II
wouldn't think of saying NO to you"
"Ah!"
ut wouldn't have any effect on you,
so 1 think the best thing can do is
to yell for the police."-The Catholic
Standard and Times.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1909-02-26

European courts hold that the maj
who owns land also owns the air owe
it. This looks like trouble for thu
aerOnauts.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1909-02-26

Had q woman's club been in exist
ence in Mark Antony's time we should
not have had to wait till now to learn
that he married Cleopatra for her
money.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1909-02-26

1t is reported that German profes.
sor has conclusion Of the brain. Prob
ably caused by a collision between two
trains of thought.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1909-02-26

Mrs. William E. Annis asks: Us
there no unwritten law for broken
hearted widows or fatherless chill
dren?" A very pertinent question.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1909-02-26

"All children are liars" said Wis
c0nsin professor. A well-known biblical
parsonage who made the same state
ment concerning all men admitted af-
terward that he spoke in haste.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1909-02-26

There is no good and sufficient rea'
son why you should mind your own
business If other people will pay you
more for minding theirs.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1909-02-26

More school children are made sick
by improper eating than by anything
else The cooks union should Inspect
the food of all school children.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1909-02-26
The Only One.

you say your son is hard to manage,
Mr.. Jims. Does he display any natural
bentY'
Eyes, I think he is going to be a
crook. "-Baltimor American.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1909-02-26
The Distinction.

School Teacher-Johnny, what Is q
patriot?
Johnny--A man that tries to benefit
his country.
School Teacher-And what is a poll
tician?
Johnny-A man that tries to have his
country benefit him.-Judge.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1909-02-26

Mr.. Gompers says just as good me1
as he have been in jail. Sure enough
John Bunyan not to speak Of others
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1909-02-26
~~~~~~~~~O
Fire Will Not Scored

occasionally and
lax her vigilance.
a second, when 50
one Of the arti(
on the stove
touched by the
ger Of fire. Scorcl
food is one of
most inexcusable
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1909-02-26

II bachelors are to be taxed how car
they be expected to save enough mon
ey to get married?
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1909-02-26

By and by man gets tired of asking
for his daily bread and insists on hav-
Ing pie and cake.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1909-02-26

Come let us worry together about The
ice crop!
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1909-02-26

They were ready to go out.
as my hat on crooked?" she asked.
Thus, owing to the new style of head
gear. n traditional phrase used by the
feminine sex ever since woman was
created, received stunning blow
Judge
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1909-02-26

LIES a gamble and every man has
chance-u he's a Wall street lamb.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1909-02-26

The fools are not all dead yet, and,
what is more, they never will be.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1909-02-26

INCE the earliest years
the postage stamps of
this country have varied
in design. Their use was
sanctioned by an act Of
Congress March 3, 1S47.
A tentative issue had
Tonopah daily bonanza. [volume] (Tonopah, Nev.) 1906-1929, 1909-08-21
HUMBOLDT HAS
UNDERGROUND RIVERS

In driving a tunnel to tap a cop
per ledge the Nevada Mining COM
pany. of Copperoid, in Humboldt
county. has opened an underground
river which is now rushing from the
mouth of the tunnel like a raging
mountain torrent. Those who have
visited the mine to see this remark
able flow of water state that 1t is so
strong at the head of the tunnel
that 1t is almost impossible to place
a charge of powder in the rock, the
water washing 1t out almost as rap
idly as It can be tamped in. In one
place, It Is stated. the water gushes
forth In stream as big around as
a mans body and with great veloc-
ity. The engineer In charge of the
property states that an underground
Tonopah daily bonanza. [volume] (Tonopah, Nev.) 1906-1929, 1909-08-21
GENERAL reyes
, SURROUNDED BY
MEXICAN TROOPS
ROYALISTS ARE ARRESTED FOR
HOLDING DISORDERLY
MEETINGS.
(By Associated Press.)

MEXICO CITY. Aug. 20.-Gen-
eral Reyes, governor of Nuevo Leon
and he opposition candidate to the
vice president of Mexico, is sur
rounded in the mountains by gov
ernment troops. 1t is reported that
they are merely held in surveillance
Several royalists at Coahula, Xechi-
milco, were arrested today for dis
orderly conduct for holding meet
ings.
Dispatches from all sections point
to political unrest Troops are be-
ing swiftly concentrated in advan-
tageous points so that in case of an
outbreak the government may feel
confident it has the situation under
control. Today was Reyes birth,
day, and those supporting him as a
possible successor to Diaz desired to
make a demonstration but were de
MED the use of military bands.