davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Arizona sentinel., 1909-05-13
DECIDUOUS ORCHARDS.

Professor Locke of the Terri
torial University furnishes the
following information about the
pruning of deciduous orchards:
There is probably no horticul-
tural operation about which more
dogmatic advice has been given
than pruning. Among practical
fruit growers there is much di-
verslty of opinion, and this is
due in most cases to the attempt
to master all the details without
previously obtaining a true con-
ception of the principles involved
The orchardist who has recently
arrived from the east, and who
has been accustomed to rnle-of-
thumb pruning, finds himself
very much at sea in the strange
climate and soil conditions of the
arid Southwest. Let US, there
fore, consider a few of the fun
damentals of pruning before dis
cussing the incidentals.
THE PRINCIPLES.
In pruning trees five main OBJ
jects are sought, as follows: to
secure such shape and size as
will permit the bearing of max
imum crops without damage to
the framework of the tree, which
at the same time must be con-
sistent with convenient and eco
nomical cultivation, spraying and
harvesting; to change the plant
from q wood bearing to a fruit
bearing habit; to produce larger
and better fruit; to rejuvenate
weak or declining plants, and to
remove surplus or injured parts.
Every tree is composed of two
parts, the top and the root, whose
functions are necessarily coop
The root supplies water
and mineral salts, while the
leaves collect carbon from the
air and also act as u laboratory
or kitchen where these materials
from different sources are bro't
and elaborated into
sugars, and other COM
pick compounds necessary for
the building of new tissue. Not
only must the twig be supplied
with mineral from the root, but
the farthest tip of the longest
root must await the return of
prepared food from the leaves
before it is able to push farther
INTO the soil. In healthy tree
growing under normal conditions
L perfect balance is maintained
The Arizona sentinel., 1909-05-13

between the top and the root.
AS fall and cool weather ap.
proach, the remnant food mate.
rials are withdrawn from the
leaves and stored in the twigs
and branches, after which the
tree enters a period of rest, dur.
ing which it's activities are almost
dormant. Should a large part
of the top be removed at this
time and the roots remain un-
touched, it is quite evident that
the balance between top and
root is destroyed. When spring
growth begins the full amount
of root supplies smaller amount
of top, furnishing a plethora of
food to the remaining branches.
1t is but natural that under these
conditions the tree, in the effort
to regain its equilibrium, should
begin rapid growth of the top,
accompanied probably by many
watersprouts from the trunk.
Hence we conclude that heavy
winter pruning tends to increase
strong vegetative growth.
AS a corollary to this, it is ev-
ident that heavy winter pruning
tends to rejuvenate weak and
declining plants by forcing into
the few remaining branches suffi-
cient food to enable them to re-
gain their health and vigor..
While winter pruning increas-
es vegetative growth, summer
pruning on the other hand pro-
duces very different results.
During the growing season the
leaves are charged with food
materials and both roots and
branches are growing rapidly.
If a part of the top is removed,
the supply of elaborated food
for the growing roots is suddenly
restricted and their growth is
consequently checked. Whether
or not the tree will recover from
this check in time to push out
vigorous shoots and regain it's
balance, depends to a great ex-
tent upon the time at which the
pruning is done. Summer prun-
ing is often resorted to with trees
which are running to wood and
not forming fruit buds. If done
toward the end of the growing
season, the check in growth will
often induce the formation of
flower buds as we'll as leaf buds.
If done too early in the growing
season, it may result in mischiev-
Gus laterals and water sprouts.
Checking the growth in any
manner, so long as the plant re-
mains health, usually induces
fruitfulness. By heavy pruning
of the root the food supply is
restricted and the growth is
Notching the bark,
wires to or driving nails
into the trunk are ancient prac-
tees, which in a crude Way &C
complished the same result, but
which are now, fortunately,
abandoned by all intelligent
fruit growers.
Winter pruning is often made
TO serve still another purpose
CONTINUED Oh next Page]
The Arizona sentinel., 1909-05-13
Farm Unit, 20 to 80 Acres.

Yuma, Ariz., May II, 1909.
Editor Sentinel:
Enclosed please find some lit
erature applying to the Yuma
proj' ct.
The Yuma Indian reservation
embraces about 1900 acres and
will be opened in September or
October, 1909. Due notice will
be published by the Interior De-
partment.
The land will be divided into
farm units of from 20 to 80 acres,
depending upon local conditions
and the difference in the quality
of the land. The price for the
land, with the water right in
cluded, will be $35 per acre in
ten yearly payments of $3.50
each; to this must be added
about IS cents per acre per year
for maintaining and operating
the canals.
The homestead law will apply
as to residence and cultivation,
slightly modified by the recla-
nation law.
The method of distributing the
land will proably be by system
of drawing, carried out in Wash
ington, the application being by
letter. All the details of this
new method have not been pub
lished, but the chief point in it is
that a prospective settler is not
obliged to come to the locality
unless he draws a farm.
The soil is very fertile, being
a deep river loan.
The land is in natural state,
with trees and brush growing
upon it. 1t is comparatively
level. The general cost of clear
ing and putting it into crop
growing condition is about $25
per acre when the work is con-
tracted. j
The summers are hot for
ninety days. There are no snow
storms or billiards in winter; no
fogs, and it seldom frosts; no
malaria, fevers, or sunstrokes.
A settler fling on these lands
should have sufficient capital to
maintain himself for one year
besides buying the necessary
stock, machinery, implements
and tools.
The valley below Yuma has
been in partial cultivation for
several years and has a thrifty
population and good schools and
churches. The products of these
farms are very diversified. A
partial list would cover oranges,
lemons, grape fruit, olives, figs,
plums, pears, peaches, cherries,
apricots, apples, small fruits and
berries, almonds, cantaloupes,
sugar beets, alfalfa, grain of all |
kinds, Egyptian cotton, dates.
and wide variety of vegetables.
Patented lands in the lower
valley are selling at from $40 to
5000 per acre, depending upon
the Improvements on the land.
The mesa lands about 10000
acres lying back of the valley
and about 20 feet higher, will
not receive water for a year or
more. 1t has been withdrawn
from entry, but when the water
is placed upon it it will be an
ideal locality for all kinds of
citrus fruits, as it is practically
frostless.
Yours sincerely,
A. G.. STITT.
The Arizona sentinel., 1909-05-13

Yuma, Ariz., May II, 1909.
The Colorado statesman., 1909-01-16
CHRISTIAN FOL DE ROL.

WHEN great moral champion speaks for the Negro
breath and against him another the paradox
inclined let To principle part
and deny in is however, of such
tian bring the
people 1t difficult believe that
God made all of blood dwell
OF the earth when they set to hedge that doctrine
TONS These remarks Occoned by the of The
minister prominent Eastern protestant church publication upon
growth and possibilities of the Y NJ c. A.
this subject and by the remarks of President Roosevelt laying
of Negro NJ A building
the higher rights of the black
1T right of the black respected declares
The Westminster; and amazing the prejudice
of the Northern white against the black
year Then after sevy condemnng this increase up
arguments a follows:
We look for the day distant perhaps but
brown and the white will of the things
their interests the Republic
the mind that either different other
We do expect ntermarage which
bogy that the South like
rock, if should
never be- The African does not wish it,
But look for the day when absolute fairness
the flag that all love, shall be the law this nation
But Negro NJ G. AS do
other religious moral separation of the 1t
siby for remember
their relations and forget them in the other half The
loves his evot against the thought of
involves the sacrifice of his America
feeling than that feeling degradation
of feeling emphatic by contact
of Christian however
other solution than the stand policies of the regons
Either somebody's religion somebody relations will
make the of the
tell it ought be.
The Colorado statesman., 1909-01-16
MYSTERIOUS WAYS OF PROVIDENCE.

ITAYS appalling earthquake has saddened the
days OF the old and the of the
civilized world feels the shock of this dire
OF character another and of almost worldwide
the entire history of humanity probable
events entirely unrecorded world
portions of the worlds inhabitants
have passed into urcoed experience pres
advanced relationships
recorded seismic
penngs of which humanity has What
ton have had the destnies
only be conectured But is possible that old
thus have passed
whole part thus have perhed been strangely
posed The earth holds evidence that the
the flora and fauna of portions the world
poste of what they And
world has changed and nations
fuence entirely beyond their But
modern events do disclose influences
make greater happenings and results possible
Some read the will and the
these latter day vsitaton and ppanty tell
God thus Furnishing commtted pre-
sumpe interpretations than silly To all
Providence and always nscutabe
than the wisdom of the world
that shapes the course of created life
But know that the earth theirs
potation and disposal and that life
striving for the selfish glor and vanits nations
for all this be changed in the twnkng
change the lapse years To this
bound
sympathy which flows those who
coming is as mysterious and unacceptable it appalling
The Colorado statesman., 1909-01-16
A GOOD REsoLUTIoN-sIGN IT!

THERE greater influence at work for the enlightenment and
betemen of the Cooed people than that of the gn reliable and
progressive which gathers and distributes the of hap
pnngs everywhere which affect which publishes
opinions and thereon make
honorable position all the people; THEREFORE, hereby
solve subscription for 1909
and to give the publisher support every possible
Signed.
The Colorado statesman., 1909-01-16

Beyond competence for old age, which
need not be great and may be very small.
wealth lessons rather than increases human
happiness. Millionaires who laugh All
rare. The. deplorable family quarrels which,
so often affiict the rich generally have their
rise in sordid differences about money The
most miserable of men as old age ap-
proaches are those who have made money
making their god; like flies on the wheel,
these unfortunates fondly believed they
were really driving it, only to find when
tired and craving rest that it is impossible
for them to get off, and they are lost
The Colorado statesman., 1909-01-16

There is every indication that men are
growing better The moral scandals of our
time signify not that men are worse, but
that they have not yet learned to resist.
The older types of sin are invasive wrong,
betrayal of personal confidence, oppression
OF the weak individual. In resisting these
there has been great improvement
The newer types of sin grow out of the
interdependence of our time. Men come
into new relations, and the abuse of new
relation constitutes a new form of sin.
This explains why the characteristic forms
of wrongdoing of to-day are the abuse of
The Colorado statesman., 1909-01-16
OutgrOw
Wagner
Great Composer
Now Part of
History Only
By WALTER DAMROSCH,
Famous Orchestra Leader.

Wagner was a theorist. Of course L never at
tempted to belittle his greatness, for have de-
voted many years of my life, many hours of study
and some of my best efforts to bring the American
people to realization and intimate understand
ing of his genius. But primarily it was Wagner's
purpose to materiaze his idea of the union of the
arts and the result of this exemplifcaon is series
of art works that is put before the world an
preston of thought in drama, music sculpture and
painting The Wagner music dramas are so far
as form is concerned the last word but after all my
years of labor rnugician 1 can not deny my whole
hearted devotion to absolute music. If l were not
so devoted to music identical art and to me
the supreme art, should not be musician. have
sought to give to my public that information, both
musical and literary, which should bring the fullest
endowment of their purely musical QUALITY and also
The Colorado statesman., 1909-01-16
Goodness
and Sin
Alike
Growing
By PROF. EDWARD A. ROSS.

the commercial relation professional relation and te
abuse of the fduciary relation.
But goodness developing well goodness took
personal
the pattern As relations become the upboer
OF laws and moral standards becomes
becomes the of the general welfare the civic
dishonesty and stupidity Father Da
Sister Dora The the one who feels the
hungry visits the of
lessons the number Of shungr sick.
The Colorado statesman., 1909-01-16

OF their significance the realm of intellect Each
speaks his and his ideas nodded different fashion
The personalities of these phosophc
conceptions OF life and the art forms which they largely
governed by their material circumstances Many doubt that
all
the house by the conditions could
Shall say that Wagner might not have been mphon had he
not had sort of divine the opeac thacam of his
and been obsessed by his to show the world composite art
form which he conceived he had
Wagner has his deep effect absolute
but 1t the thater that his largest influence
opera that have after Wagner benefited his
ample notably the Italian much said the
writers OF orchestral music they generally
the general musical mind that Wagner has cast his spell His place
fixed He has become part of history But history
Music coming into its shall
that it capable of expressing highest thoughts aspirations
assisted sister We could
Brahms Tschakows
be cleared up. This Wagner's
The Colorado statesman., 1909-01-16
Money
and
Human
Happiness
By ANDREW CARNEGIE.

plenty retire but nothing retire and they they
striving add to their useless hoad passing nongness
ing their money behind for heirs to quarrel
Great fortunes few. The aggregate these
is small compared with the moderate
Gigantic fortunes the of things
build than the
the form The
business who likely have exceptionally
The Colorado statesman., 1909-01-16

Meanwhile, our immediate duty is to distribute
surplus wealth to the best of abilities in such forms
as we believe best calculated to improve existing
ditions, and to its equitable distribution
hereafter by heavy progressive death duties and by
assessing the people in proportion to their ability to
support the government
We must all learn the great truth that only COM
petence is desirable, almost necessary wealth non-es
sentia and when it does it is only sacred trust
to be administered only for the general good
The star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1908-1909, 1909-03-27

The Belleville Midgets would like TO ar
range games with II or 12-year-old teams,
the Anchor A. A. Juniors. Elton b. B.. c.,
Tip Top. Athletics. Oriole A. c., Royal A.
A.. Tiger Juniors and Winslow A. A. pre-
ferred. games to be played on Saturdays.
Address Manager James II. Smith, S Van
Rensselaer, street, Belleville.
The Rambler A. c. would like 10 arrange
games with any IL or 13-year-old teams.
Address j. ]. Bauman, % Shipman street
The American A. A. would like to ar
range games with all 16 or 17-year-old
teams. Address challenges to o. Hauser,
27 West Kinney street.
The Armory A. A. has organized for the
coming season and would like TO hear
from all IA to 16-year-old teams. Address
II. Hoffman. % Darcy street.
The Peerless A. c., of Orange. has or
ganized for the season and would like to
hear from all amateur teams within fifty
miles of Orange. Address l.. O'Hagan, 81
William street, Orange.
The Arlington A. A. champions of West
Hudson county and winners of the Kin
lead cup offered by Congressman Eugene
Kinkead, of Hudson comfy, last fall, have
a few open dates and would like to book
games with all frst-class teams offering
suitable guarantees. Address all challenges
to Manager r. Young. i4S Kearny avenue.
Kearny.
The Union Township Club has decided TO
nut n first-class team in the field this
season. and would like to arrange games
with all first-class teams offering reason
able Inducements, The Nailshurg A. G.
K~osevillc A. C.. Montcllir A. y. and Iron
sides are preferred. Address owen he
Namara, Jersey avanuc. Kingslntd
The star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1908-1909, 1909-03-27
FIRST WARD BOWLERS
WON STAR HEAD=PIN FOBS
Van SAINT Of the Monday Nights Also Captured
One with Score OF lO2--A List OF All
Winners in the Tourney.

10: Splllane. Telephone Company, ito;
Johnston. Pqdcr 4, no; Sanders; EqIguitabls,
10; Gilliland, Willow a. c. ITO; Ehrli 1S6
Hobbs. All Rights, 109; Hammacher, Rose
vile Colts. 109; o'ponnell,. Stars of Eliza
beth. 1903; c. Schnible, Chelsea. 1Os; Theile,
small Five, is, Sweet, Sweet A, lOg,
Moffatt. Palmer Five, 100; Shatia. Oxford
b, lO9; Breitweiser, Postoffice. los; Nc
Kelvey, Elizabeth G., leSi Farrar, Y
X. h.. 10Y; Graef, National Small Five. 1W.
Steel. Park 4. A., 10l; E; Barkhorn, West
End. 10I: G.. Lentz, Hollywood, 10l,. Van
Views, i07; HOFFMAN, Parkettes, 10f; Plum,
Smith D., 107: Milne, Prospects, 107; Gleich-
man. All Rights, 1906; Rink, Maplewood. 100
Dunlap, Patten Point, lo6; Ward, snoway
Thursday Nights, los; Barnes. Elizabeth
Y. M. c. A. 105; McWright, Indian Leagte
l05; F. Burke, Elizabeth Stars b, 1Q5;
Milford, Miller Street Car Earns Earn sa5 l sis Ra59
.Trimble. sPuder B. 1O5; Jacques, Smith f.
i05; sarch, Valley, 1O5; scboenleber, Pros
poets. lo5; Koegel, National Five, 1M;
iO4; Tuson, siowa. 1o4; weigand, Elizabeth
Stars B, 104: Boehm, Equitable, 10; Reilly
Darkwood, 104; Rubke. Cinnamon A, 1913;
McGratb. 6, orange valley s} Il lYS; ,oa M nllrsy
Monday Nights. 1903; Epstein, Cinnamon A,
lO3: Raba, Stars of Elizabeth, 1913; Butcher,
Stars of Elizabeth. 1903; Sherwood, Lawtoa
Jr. o. Y. A. NJ, 1903; Cole. Worthington,
le3; Spittlehause, Tuxedo A, of Elizabeth,
1o3; Scharfanburg, Odd Nights. 1903; Shurts,
National Monday Night b, 1oS; Lauterman,
Battery A, 1903; Martin, Cinnamon B, l02;
Walsh, Empire No. /, 1902; LEIGH, Kruger
No. /. 102; G. Schady, National Five, l02:
Towers. Branch Brook, 102; Henning, Gin
namon A, 102; Cannon, Celluloid, To-;
Aitken, Bay View, 1O2: DAILY, Standard Oil,
1902; Sitzler. Patten Point, 1O2; Blanchard,
102; Van SAINT, Monday Night of lrvington,
i02; f. Clark, First Ward N. L., 10l;
Schmauder, National Small Five. 101; Pulls,
Puls A. 101: H~ollenbeck, Boyd, 101; C..
Wood, LeGlise. 101: f. Coghlan, Kruger
No. 1, 1c1; NJ. Kleiber, Monday Nights. l0l;
e. Kugelman, Kruger No. 2, 10l; Rue, All
Rights, 101; Tumpert, Branch Brook, 10l;
F.. Brugg, Iroquois Colts. 101: Parker, Ok
ford A.. c., 101; Frelback, Bay View, l0l
schaefer, Fftan 2. e.; iol; stegmetr,
Tuxedo A, of Elizabeth. 101; Holgate,
Thursday Nights, 101; G., Trautwein, Satur-
DAY Night B, 101: Frey. South End. 1ol;
Crnm. Crescent b. c., 100; c.. Kleiber. Mon
day Nights. loo; j. Erich. Parkettes, 100;
Neal. All Rights, 100; Evans, Maplewood,
100. Terwilliger, General Electric, 100; Den
nebaum, Kruger No. l, 100; Farrari, lro-
quois c. 100; Faatz, Cinnamon L, 100; P.
Haebele. Arion B. c., 100; Adair, Telephone
Company, 100.
The star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1908-1909, 1909-03-27
BY EDWARD p. DUFFY.

The public school baseball league is
responsible for at least one promising
player and that is Clifford Jewel, who
win not be sixteen years old until June
Il of this year. This boy. who has
even now passed the six feet mark,
from what lie has done has all the ear
marks of a conner. Although he IS
still d pupil at the Miller street school.
that school will lose his services this
year for he intends to go into semi
tifneprofessional baseball. AT the
present time several managers are af-
ter him. but just what team he Will
decide to join. he has not as yet de
termined.
This lad started playing the game IN
real earnest in 1907 for the Miller
street school. His right-handed shoots
wen at that time were a mystery to
the boys in the school league. Last
year he played again in the league
with his school and only lost two
games. Manager George Flammer. of
the Washingtons took hold of the boy
for Sunday games on the strength of
his school record and the showing he
made with the fast little Meadow
brooks. He won twelve games and
lost two for that combination. The
boy is as cool as the proverbical GU
cun1ber in the box and should make
good. Besides being a good pitcher
Jewel Is a good player at any position
but catcher.
It's quite unusual to fiud a team along The
i,aclSawanna road that will do travelling
stunts. but the Sylvan A.. C., OF Summit, is
Tue exception; This team, under the man
n%seinent q Donald /, Duffy is going 90
local teams ought to give such a team some
games In view of the fact that so many of
our fellows have drawn games from The
Deighborhood of Summit.
The lin sln Of the team will be: Wolfe.
pitcher: Courtney, catcher: Billiu Cham. first
base Duffy, second base; Parse. third base:
tentrc field: Bird, right field. The Sylvans
season.
Michael j. Dwyer. of the Academy A. c.,
~ ready 10 book games for his fast team.
Mr.; Dwyer lives at i1s Nichols street.
they say the RosGylllies are going, to have
D Team this year. Did you hear about IL?
Tease answer, Mr. Flynn.
.Magascr George soessner. of the colum-
lila Pleasure Club, has organized q fast
tcaln this year. le writes. Roessncr, whose
address IS q Garrison street. wants a game
FOR his team.
The columbia Colored Giauts. of Now
York. whose manager Is Arthur Diaz. OF sa5
West Fourteenth street. ARE anxious to ar
ftnre games with some local teams.
The Newark Centres have some promis-
ing meu IN their linc-up. Jack Clark. their
mtebcf, seems to have "sYmc," and Jorolc-
fielder. Hurley Is u good hitter.
The Aionttnsc A.. G.. of Nailsburc. has
or k0ni7Sd for the coming season VIII, n
streilr b~nseholi nine, aud iS desire IS e
hearing from all first class teams in or
cut 90 the city Among the new players