davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Florida agriculturist., 1909-12-01

per cent is usually considered to be
too strong for the health Of plants. A
heavy application of certain readily
soluble fertilizers or other salts
(such as nitrate of soda, or common
salt), may bring on this condition.
When the action is severe, the roots
are sometimes said to have been
burnt.
Water is also absorbed and carried
in the cell-walls. But the amount
to maintain the tree.
Fertilizers and other salts in solu-
tin in the soil water enter the root
lets by diffusion. Large quantities of
water may be taken into the tree and
only a small quantity of the fertiliz-
ers or other salts that were in the
solution be carried along. If the
quantity per volume of any particu-
lar salt in the cells of the root is
equal to Or greater than that in the
soil solution, the rootlets are proba-
bly, unable to take up any of it from
the soil. Thus, an orange grove may
suffer from the lack of a particular
fertilizer, though there may be a
small quantity of it present in the
soil.
Some salts may act as poisons,
and, in certain quantities, kill the
protOplasm with which they may
come in contact. On the other hand,
very small quantities of these salts
may act as stimulus when absorb
ed. An example of this is copper sui
phate or bluestone, which is used so
generally in the treatment of die
back. This salt is placed on the soil
or beneath the bark. When placed
beneath the bark, it's poisonous effect
is evident from the large wounds that
are produced. The course of the salt,
as it diffuses up and down the stem,
can be traced by the extension Of
these wounds. An excessive quantity
placed upon the soil will kill the tree
This excessive quantity is very small
in comparison to the amount of fer
tilizer that would be required to in
jure the tree.
Florida Experiment Station.
The Florida agriculturist., 1909-12-01
ing to height of from 8 to feet,

ing to height OF from to 5 feet,
in the shape of stalks without leaves
or thorns, as many as hundred
stalks springing from the same root.
The stalks are about a quarter of an
inch to a half inch in diameter From
an acre of land may be cut from
Onehalf to two tons of weed year.
The plant also contains rubber, but
not sufficient to make the extraction
profitable. In wax, however, it con-
tains a high percentage, averaging
from 8 IL to per cent.
The wax is of light color, very
hard, and has high melting point,
which places it in the front rank of
all vegetable wax. Purified, it will
make the best quality of candles,
lasting, and giving brilliant light.
Dissolved in turpentine it makes an
excellent varnish and it is also used
for the manufacture of shoe polish
1t is said to give more luster than
the high-priced Carnauba wax from
Brazil, which is at present exclu-
sively used for the latter purpose
Purified and nodded into phono-
graph records, the Candelilla wax
will register the sounds perfectly
Successful tests have also been made
with reference to it's adaptability for
the insulation of electric wires. An
other use for this wax would be it's
substitution for beeswax in pharma-
ceutical laboratories, where it's hard
ness and higher melting quality in
the manufacture of plasters and Oint-
ments where beeswax is now the
principal ingredient, would make it
especially serviceable.
This wax can be bleached perfect
ly white, and burning it gives off an
agreeable odor.
Only few years ago it was dis
covered that the small and what was
then considered worthless Guayule
plant contained rubber, and many in
teresting articles have appeared
from time to time in the Consular
Reports relative to the growth of
this plant and it's manufacture and
commercial value. This discovery Of
rubber has resulted in the reclama-
tion of large stretches of arid terri
tory in Mexico and the sudden en-
hancement of the value of all lands
upon which the weed happened to
grow. The plant has brought as high
as $3.50 per ton; it's present market
price is 800. Guayule land owners
have become wealthy, and about
100000 have been spent in this
industry up to the present time.
The Florida agriculturist., 1909-12-01
How Fertilize rs Injure Citrus Trees
A Scientific Explanation of Matter of Impor-
tance to Orange Growers.
By B. F. Floyd

1t sometimes happens that ill ef-
fects follow the use of fertilizers in
citrus groves. This may result from
two cause.-the solution Of the fer
tilizer in the soil may be too strong
for the tender rOotlets, or it may act
ais true poison.
All materials obtained from the
soil by the orange trees are taken in
through the rootlets, dissolved in wa
ter. Insoluble fertilizers, like cotton
seed meal, are first changed by par
tial decay into soluble salts, such as
nitrate of lime. In most cases only
a small portion of the rootlets can
take water and dissolved material
from the soil. This part begins just
back of the tip, and is usually only a
fraction of an inch long. Usually this
absorbing part is covered with min
ute root-hairs, which increase the
surface, and allow more material to
be taken from the soil. The remain
der Of the rOOtlet is often covered
with brown cork, and is more or less
waterproof. This part serves only as
a conductor for the raw material
(water and salts) than in and for the
food which passes back for the use
OF the growing parts near the root
tips.
Under the microscope the rootlet
is seen to be mass of cells, each of
which usually consists of ce1l-wall,
enclosing the living substance (prOtO-
plasm) and the cell sap. Let us sup
pose mass of shoe-boxes placed end
to end, in close contact, in such
way that the whole would appear in
outline as rOOtlet many times en-
larged. Suppose each of these boxes
to be linked half an inch thick
throughout with a substance similar
to the white of an egg, and complete
ly filled with water; also the walls of
the boxes to be wet through.
. If this mass of boxes was then re-
duced in size until it was as small as
an ordinary rOotlet, the boxes could
only be seen by the aid of the micros-
cope, and each box would correspond
to a cell. The wall of the box would
be the cell-wall; the white of egg,
the prOtOplasm; the water, the cell
sap; and the Water-sOaked condition
of the walls of the boxes would be
similar to that of the cell-walls of
the root.
The cell-wall is dead matter and
serves mainly for support and protec-
tiOn. The cel1-sap is a Watery sO1u-
tiOn Of sugar, salts, and other mate
rials. The living protoplasm, which
surrounds the cell-sap, exercises a
selective power, by allowing only GER
tain salts to enter and only certain
ones to escape.
The ability of the rootlets to take
up water and distribute it through
the plant depends mainly upon the
strength or concentration of the cell
sap. The rootlets absorb water when
the concentration of the cell-sap is
greater than that of the soil solution.
When the soil solution is the more
concentrated, water is drawn from
the cell-sap, and the tree willis. A
soil solution stronger than one-half
The advocate. [volume] (Charleston, W. Va.) 1901-1913, 1909-04-01

.ssss,ssss SD,
The advocate. [volume] (Charleston, W. Va.) 1901-1913, 1909-04-01
OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES
I RoNaRVEHIls,.''

~ Or; G. w. Hollsy Of Hinton was
AZ; visitor here sunday, !, ~, q,
4 PROFIT. C., EdmondsS left Monday
,f9rhis home at Bird sewater, va:
q n Rev, Robinson preached two able
e ermons at the Baptist Church, Sun
day. lt34sts4ts t,%., Ar 4; y. 80 IN - -
4 A. a. crowd Of people from. Lewis
burg ATTENDED the closing exercises;
,5of, The Maple Grove school at the
Baptist \ Church Friday night. y
dt.'Y.s M. GA. gave, pleasant en-
tegta I'm in ne st ct Baptist Church last
I: I'VE, W. BOILING passed ''throug Ii
4 Mon 9s!l a senf;oqte to stauntep, vir-
Il maple Grove school closed ;ssi,.' last
Fri y at Rtfst Church. The pu-
pills rendered an excellent program,
IA ddfessses were made by Rev. Char
leg Lewis and Prof t. &. Edwards,
d IMrs, Mary H: Lewis, has been in
di$pQsad fora few, days. >,:s, - 49,. D.
h Miss Pagan, Of Lewishurg, was
the guest 5 q 4 MARCIA. Hester on last
Sunday. 4 IS, ~ ~ z - -. 4.
Misses. Frances. Woodson and Cur
3ry We're here last Friday. y .,t<.'
The advocate. [volume] (Charleston, W. Va.) 1901-1913, 1909-04-01
FOURTEENTH AMENDMENT
10 the Constitution Senator Money
I Wants Tested in rSunrr.Ino F,ou,~t

70 the Constitution Senator Money
I. wants Tested in Snorcmc, Court.
r. WashfngtonE March 29.-senator
Money, Of Mississippi. would have
SS1:e validity Of; the fourteenth2a amend.
lq1ent to the constitution tesed: This
I; amendment ne 2 +, regulates the franchise:
and has been construed to authorize
the reduction. by Congress ,os tn.
congressional representation Of sta
tes which deny the voting privilege
OF some OF their. citizens. II has
been frequently invoked by tho am
thor OF bills reducing the repreaea-
.tatfon' OF Southern states because
Negroes In those states are not per-
Thttted to vofa 'S&'H .r' ~. <t.,r.,,,:5 II -
Mr.. Money to-day introduced p,
resolution, directing the Attorney.
General to submit to the Supreme
Court all the information available
Fe!laatiye to the method Of adopting
the amendment, SO that the Court.
may determine whether the amena.
ment is valid and binding, '.l' .r.'
The advocate. [volume] (Charleston, W. Va.) 1901-1913, 1909-04-01
QUE OF SPITE
IWiaow win Sell Hor Prope,+v IT,

|Wtiiaow win Sell Her Property Elk.
: = : : cllusiYely- to Negroes. g.. :.
New New York. March 24.-Miss Caro=
line A. Dow the widow Of a real
estate operator who, first opened nh
'aNsnrburb Of Yonkers, N. Y, known
-as the Tonker's Park threatens to
Is sets { her property holdings there ,r
q fashionable neighborhood:.e xciusi,.
Jy to Negroes, because the name &C
Inc >ssN burb has been changed tn
Crossword. She, has authorized a
real estate agent to; sell her resid encp
,provtding the purchaser coaspicn-
sop!s3ly ,Rosts the following signs: .
!; Boarding house. exclusively for
Negroes q 80 -. ''
z laundry for Negroes - -
toad House for Negroes" ,
r Undertaking and embalminy FOR
sNegtoes on1Y. '''": ,'"''-% '.',~dS~'s ,.,s
|ha residence is at present occ;n,..
.nied by Eva Booth or The Tsafvatinn
Army fame. A Negro physician has
&irefa9dv offered to buy the mouse. hut
declines to post the signs .,..>'7'
The advocate. [volume] (Charleston, W. Va.) 1901-1913, 1909-04-01
Charleston. /.

Coleman Hammond bus placed his
;Saynan's Wonder Soap on sale. at
the Gem Pharmacy and Peoples Gro
Gerry Stores - +. SIX
. Rev. l. V. Bryant was in the city
a few hours Monday returning to
hts-heme- Huntington from Ray
mond City where he preached the
annual x. of P. sermon, Sunday. ~
Samuel Rowland, Of Greensboro,
IN. c., passed. through the city last
Tuesday: .@..... r f. -. H.. ,,s'' >.",,
i Psyche nuffs at Mrs. Browns, 500
Capitol street. ~ 49,: -. =, g.
: j. P. Caul is confined to his bed
with int1ammatory rheumatism. I, -
Mr.. and Mrs. o. nj. Farmer, OF
Longacre were in the city this week.
H. P. Stewart is i'll at the Hotel
Brown. -, ~ .-.,..,4...' T.
Mr., E. M. Dand ridge, of QUINN
mont, is in the city. '#"N
Miss Virginia Gilmer entertained
/ a few friends at cards Monday eve
ming - '-'*~-':-3 !. ~ : - 81
Henry Morris, Of North Rand
street, IS seriously i'll with pneu-
monia '....# >. -, r~,..l' -. ~,
Preparations are being made by
all the church choirs for7special mu-
sic for the Easter services (, ...
The indications are that the For
aker mass meeting at the Court
House next Tuesday evening will be
largely attended. Representatives
of all the churches and societies are
interested IN the movement which
assures It's success ,..t.' ,':s.
q Miss Rosalynde Friend, clerk in
the peoples Grocery store has been
III since the first of the week at her
home at Institute. w. E@@ ~
Invitations will be issued soon for
the Easter ball to be, given bv the
kanaWha Club. The functions of
the kanawha Club are always. the
most enjoyable and the preparations
they are making for the Easter AZ.
fair indicate that it will be up to- the
STANDARD. - = :,
The Ladies Aid Of the st. Paul A,
M. Il. Church will meet tonight at
the residence Of Mrs. Matte Moss
IL. The rally at St. Paul A. M. e,
church was success, The first
prize was receives by Miss G:
ia1rston who raised the largest col.
lection amounting to $500. The
totai amount raised mas sIA8&9o -
r. Miss Lizzie Smith has returned
to the city after visit to South
Carolina and Winston, Salem, M C.
The ladies' aid OF st. fPaul Am.
r. Church will begin their annual
bazaar on, Monday night April 10,
to the 10th.
Miss Mary Waugh is recovering
from recent illness at the home of
her sister, Mrs. Roy Taylor, on
The advocate. [volume] (Charleston, W. Va.) 1901-1913, 1909-04-01
MIN WANT OFFICES

New Castle, Del, March 81. -
Feeling that they are not receivir q
the recoh'pense in this city that they
should for their votes the c0Iored'
people are now demanding repre-
'sehtation Of their race placed in the
City Council, at the coming election,
on April 10. The election calls for
nine Councilmen, Mayor, Assessor
and Treasurer
The advocate. [volume] (Charleston, W. Va.) 1901-1913, 1909-04-01

WlCH pneumonia. - 3tt -T-=-- --77yT
r. Miss Daisy Jordan is in the city,
the guest Of Mrs. Allen Deffonneys
on Elmwood avenue, .# "a I. SSS
R., H: (. Thomas returned Sunday
from Washington where he has heefIfS
visiting his sister,. =, Ii 81,
Beatrice, the little daughter 3aR
Mr.: and Mrs. Harry Glenn isSill afs
their home on Washington couax II tz n w
The Rev. j. w. Waters has very
wisely been returned to the pas ~ s.
ate OF Simpson M. E.. Church fSrf3
another year. A. change would $haYesS
incurred an extra expense to-, move
new man perhaps two or three
hundred miles which the church u.s.;
not prepared to fmest.<2 IfpHS f}sss}
Rev Waters left the seatgof SedSF4s
ference and returned last sundaS5
morning in order to Eli AN s eng
ment to preach the annual sermon
to the K. of P. lodges OF this city Is
That was one among many instant
ces which he demonstrated d D
regard for his promise. In hfs ser
mon he very beautifully piefuPsa
the friendship Of Damon and
thtas. 1t was among the best SER
mons of the kind ever jdelfyersssd ills
Charleston %t ..&.a XXX 81 81 s#$.z 81?
Rev. J. w, Essex had charge off9
the church from the time Confer
ence began last Wednesday d IN ma
Monday of this week when the ssb EssSs
pointments were read by BfsholSS
Berry I; I, sS:ss
The Old Maids Association y gfyallS
by the ladies Of the ST. Paul al, basss
e. Church last Friday night WAS
every way. 80" 90 asG3 ~ s 5gisl
- Miss Esther Walker has been ssss
Tor few days at the restd ence 4.
her brother, S04 Donnally street b
unable to attend school. h: d. Ss
" The superintendent >of :St. P&fsI 8
A. NJ. E. Church win give STsaattesfssS
eggs to all of the children Eds
Sunday at $50 A! M The mot gSsss
are invited to come. and tbrins
the little ones who belong ia d Z llie5sSS.
cradle roll ~ ~ h III $50, II
The advocate. [volume] (Charleston, W. Va.) 1901-1913, 1909-04-01
CARNEGIE'S OFFER.

Xenia, Ohio, March 27.-.On con-
ditfon that a like sum he raised by
the college, Andrew Carnegie has
agreed to make a gift to Wilberforcg
Universe of $17500, half the
amount needed for a girls dormi-
tory RSantne ed. A few years ago Mr..
Carnegie gave an $4,000 library to
the college Internationally.
The advocate. [volume] (Charleston, W. Va.) 1901-1913, 1909-04-01
MANUAL TRAINING.
+R El the Negro is Advocated by Dr.,
hjf2' ,%s Charles w. Eliot. = ~" =

1 =! "I.fH,l tssVF5EIy 70 zAUVUCHCeU by Ur,.
,5i2 Charles w. Eliot. i. -" l..
i Richmond, Va, March Rs.-Dr.
Charles w. Eliot, the retiring presi-,
dent Of Harvard University, who has
been in Rtchm6nds since yesterday
sns the guest 81. the Virginia Alumni
Of Harvard spoke to the students Of
the Virginia Union University, COL
}5o5red, pr. Eliot confined his re-
'marHs to the subject or what is best
'tor the race and what branches of
aducation will best tend to increase
. usefulness Of, the Negro as a
race and aga citizen. He strongly
! advocated The manual training feat
iqFe, which is, SO largely offering
into, the education Of the colored
race 4 .5@ '..v<....G i :,,%ps :. :,
The advocate. [volume] (Charleston, W. Va.) 1901-1913, 1909-04-01
CONSUMPTION.
Attack" joe Cams, Former Worlds
Champion light Weight.

-itDenver, March 29.--Joe Cans, for
mer worlds light-weig at Dugffist has
developed tuberculosis Of the lungs
and may. never again be seen in the
ring. Referee Charlie White is re-
sDonslble for the statement that the
ex-champion' health Is falling.
The advocate. [volume] (Charleston, W. Va.) 1901-1913, 1909-04-01
ScOLURBD BANIMAsyTl']EfRiis.

I washington, D. c., March 20 -
Hereafter colored men only will be
appointed chief musicians Of colored
resiments In the United States Army.
WHITE chief N usicians previously
serving with colored regiments have
been transferred to white regiments,
The advocate. [volume] (Charleston, W. Va.) 1901-1913, 1909-04-01

fAT0N COLLEGE Penn a SEen 81. Passsbntgss 81
SAEkBIY best school of Accounting ana SSahopFs-
ply, No Better Schooa IS any pxssSs "a
PENNSYLVANIA TELEGRAPH COLLEGE,
2o4 Sixth Street, Ptttsburg Eano&ses aperasess
CATION TECHNICAL SCHOOL ssA + Pssn ~
cry graduate employed. Short PSsssisaY Snl ~.
The advocate. [volume] (Charleston, W. Va.) 1901-1913, 1909-04-01

News has been received that isstt
A Artist johnson, VINO is Id Rich -S
mond on business is }seriouaH
The advocate. [volume] (Charleston, W. Va.) 1901-1913, 1909-04-01

Bradford street ~ ,lHnt{ ss.S V
y Nelson Foster, Of Washington Il ,ss
o. was in the cfty.ja, few days lasts
week on business. - H. y *: 80 IS,
- F. D, Cambria and DR.. c.. III.
attended the drama gwen attS1natlTS
tute, Friday. r I a.< %,. B, q i5SssSsESIsSS
Douglas Island news., 1909-06-23
Red Mems Picnic

All members of Aux Tribe No. z, Imp. Order of Red Men, and their ladies are invited to join iu the picnic to be given at Grindstone Falls. Meet at the Douglas wharf at ' o'clock a. m., where the fleet of launches will be in waiting to carry the crowd to the picnic grounds. Bring baskets and tin cup; coffee, cream and sugar will be pro- vided. The date is fixed for Thursday, June "A, but if it rains then on the first pleasant day thereafter. The Tread we'll Club band will furnish inspiring music for the occasion.
Douglas Island news., 1909-06-23

It cannot be said, perhaps, that w. D.. Hoggatt, as governor of Alaska, was a bowling success. The newspapers of the country have mentioned the matter before, if we are not mistaken. But Hoggatt has resigned his position aud his successor has been appoiuted-he is down and out all but the fOrmality of turning over the office. Still some of the papers continue to roast him. They remind Us of eur dogs. If they were anything else they would let Hog gait alone in his present position. No one but a coward will kick man when he is down, and if the thing continues he will gain friends faster than be lost them.
Douglas Island news., 1909-06-23

A class of six candidates will be con- firmed at the Lutheran church next Sunday, the confirmation service open ing at 10a. m. In the evening, begin ming at 8 o'clock there will be com munion service, when the catechumens will partake of the Lords Supper, to- gether with others. Both of these serv- ices will be conducted entirely in the English language, and all, especially the relatives and friends of the cat echumens, are most cordially invited to attend these services.
Douglas Island news., 1909-06-23

Chas. M. Rosswog, of the Postottice store, has the smile these days that won't come off. His wife and children arrived ou the Portland and will make their home here. Another person was seen behind the counter yesterday, as the genial storeman was getting settled into his new quarters, and the many friends of Mir. Rosswog wanted to know what had become of him. He was seen back in the old place today.-Cordova North Star.
Douglas Island news., 1909-06-23
Douglas Loses and Wins

The Douglas and Juneau baseball teams have played two games during the past week, one on the Douglas grounds last Sunday afternoon iu which the score was Douglas ', Juneau II; and a second game on the Juneau grounds, score Douglas ', Juneau ?. The latter game was played Monday evening.
 Douglas has won four out of the six games played.
Douglas Island news., 1909-06-23

DIED:-Robert Ballou, a pioneer Alas kan, dropped dead in one of the res taurants of the city last Sunday eVen- ing. He had been complaining of ill health for some weeks, but the end came suddenly and without warning. Deceased was native of Ireland, aged 5 years. The body was laid to rest yesterday at the Douglas cemetery. Funeral services were held at the grave under the auspices of the Alaska Pioneers association, Rev. J. E. Ted ford officiating.
Douglas Island news., 1909-06-23
Good Advice

Buy your Monograph Records from Elmer D. Smith, the Front Street Drug gist, where you do not get old scratched records worked off on you. His rec ords are kept in an up-to-date manner, and the public is welcome at all times to call and examine them and see the superior condition of his music depart ment.
Douglas Island news., 1909-06-23

Does the cable leak? That is the question that the Douglas Island Fan club is asking. On two separate oc- casions contents of dispatches sent to Seattle by the Douglas Island organi- zatiou have been common talk in Ju- neau almost before the juice got to the Sound city. Naturally the Douglas fans say, "Oh, yes, the captain of the Juneau team works in the cable office" !"
Douglas Island news., 1909-06-23

The Juneau Dispatch suggests that TreadwelI, Douglas and Juneau put up $500 as a prize for hose racing. That's just the amount of the purse that will be given to the winners of the hose race at the big Fourth of July celebra- tion on Douglas Island.
Douglas Island news., 1909-06-23
Bids Wanted

Bids will be received by Alaska Lodge No. 1, 1. o. o. F., for the kalso- mining, staining and vanishing of the interior of the lodge hall, on Second street, Douglas, For further particu- lars and specifications inquire of Alex Nelson. Bids will be opened on July 1, 1909.
Douglas Island news., 1909-06-23
Notice

To whom it may concern:- All persons are hereby warned not to give credit to my wife, Mrs. Estelle M. Fenster, on my account, as will not be responsible for debts incurred by her. Dated at Douglas, Alaska, this 18th day of February, 1909.
 CHAS. FENSTER.
Douglas Island news., 1909-06-23

There is no reason in some people. Now that Juneau has a commercial club, one of the dailies over there wants to make arrangements with the weather clerk so that it will not rain when excursion boats are in port.
Douglas Island news., 1909-06-23

The Juneau Commercial club offers a prize of S1O for paster which shall bear a short, catchy motto significant of Juneau. How would "All the same Seattle" do?
Douglas Island news., 1909-06-23

The Earl of Clanwilliam, whose real name is Richard James Meade, made the round trip to Alaska on the Princess Royal. When the ship touched at Ju- neau he was offered position on the ball team, but for some reason refused.
Douglas Island news., 1909-06-23

The Douglas council has issued a challenge to the Juneau council for a game of baseball to be played for a prize to consist of beer and sandwiches. If the game could be arranged for the Fourth We would favor an increase in the prize offered.
Douglas Island news., 1909-06-23
July oratlOn

If you want good service, the best of treatment and to reach your destina- ton iu the quickest possible time, travel on the Humboldt-3 days to Se- attle. For tickets and other informa- tion call at Heubner's Drug Store.
Douglas Island news., 1909-06-23
Cushman Will Be Orator

Judge Edward E. Cushmau, the new ly appointed federal judge, will be in Douglas on Celebration Day and has consented to deliver the Fourth of July oration.
Douglas Island news., 1909-06-23

The Northwest Mining Journal, pub lished at Seattle, devotes part of its space to the mining news of Alaska, and heads the column with the state ment that "next to love, the seeking of gold is the sweetest story ever told the story that never grows old"
Douglas Island news., 1909-06-23

The Juneau baseball team has cub bear for mascot, and ever since they got it they have been little behind.