The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1909-06-16

INTO tne held, and the division of the
western county into six forest districts.
each in charge of a district forester.
the practical management of Uncle
Sans forests on a business basis is
being pushed forward even more eff
fectively than heretofore. Only the
general administrative heads of the
service and the men engaged in gov
eminent forestry work in the eastern
part Of the country retain their head
quarters in Washington.
For the better administration of the
1874 100000 acres of national forest land
this vast territory is divided into 149
national forests, each in charge of a
forest supervisor. In all cases. the
supervisor is selected for his wide prac-
teal knowledge of the West, and OF
numbering and grazing particularly.
He may or may not be a trained forest
err If not a trained forester himself,
he has such a man to assist him. It
is the business of the forest supervisor
and his technical aids to bring their
forest gradually to a condition of max
imum productiveness. To do this re-
quires great deal of detailed study
and skillful planning. Each step, from
the care and protection of the young
growth to the numbering of the mature
forest must be carefully considered and
as carefully executed if the forest is to
go on producing trees indefinitely.
For each of the many lines of work
to be carried on in the forest, men
with special experience are required.
Those who prepare and tend the nur-
series must be experienced in raising
and caring for young trees. The
lumberman, who cruises and estimates
timber, helps to plan logging opera
lions, and sees that the scaling is cor
rectly done and that the rules for log
ging are properly observed, must be an
experienced and capable woodsman
The forest ranger patrols his district
of the forest to see that fire and tres
pass are prevented, that the range is
not overgrazed, that logging regula-
lions are enforced, and that the priVi-
leges granted by permit for the use OF
the various forest resources are not
abused; he also must be hard-headed,
practical, and thoroughly honest, an
able-bodied citizen of the Yet, with
plenty of experience in all the problems
with which he may have to deal The
trained foresters are usually Forest
School graduates. Their training is
somewhat parallel to that of the civil
engineer, but particular attention is
paid to the study of botany, to the
life and growth of forests, and to all
that affects their development and
usefulness. In addition to his scienti-
fic training, the American trained for
ester must have abundant practical
experience in the woods, on the range,
and in the mills, for he must have q
thorough understanding of all condi-
tions before attempting to work out
of any forest.
For the general administration OF
| the National forests, the western half
of the United States is divided into six
districts with headquarters at Mis-
soula, Montana; Denver, Colorado; AL
buquerque, New Mexico; Ogden, Utah;
San Francisco, California; and Port
land, Oregon
The object of the forest service is to
foster proper use of the forest resources
of the country, including private and
state, as well as national forests. Up
on the latter every resource is for use
| in the best interests of all citizens of
the United States. Every water pow
er site, every piece of mineral land,
every bit of grazing land or of good
agricultural land is for use, provided
it is not required for public purposes.
The remainder of the land which is
forest is of course put to the best use
by the practice of forestry when it is
possible. In order that the admins
tration may be most effective the
various offices have been established
at Washington and at the district
headquarters, each in charge of train
ed and experienced men directing spe-
cialized lines of work.
The Office of operation attends in
each district to the protection and ad-
ministration of the national forests and
employs engineers, expert miners, and
foresters to investigate claims, make
surveys and maps, and supervise the
building of telephone lines, trails, roads
and bridges, ranger stations, and other
permanent improvements
The Office of grazing looks after the
range, co-operates in the enforcement
of quarantine regulations, and issues
permits by which the grazing of stock
within each national forest is so re-
gulated as to improve rather than des'
troy its grazing capacity. 1t studies
the best means of reseeding the range
and conducts Investigations and de-
Vises means of checking the growth Of