Gunnison news-champion., 1909-06-18
WAS Usgvta1aTy PoaH
Cs.a,o D, Sscus o.osn Nass
= s.sias = CSPsan. -

The i1il1S tng ESSAY ws- written
by Clils srd II Stone Of osnnssou.
nov a ~sph1msse at the Coiorado
State University an Boslder Ia
won the Philo Bennett PrIze, fsr the
hest essay concerning the "FrsRcl-
pies of tree government THIS prize
j. the interest on >Avi. which was
distributed by Mr. Bryan a. admin
istrator of the estate ot the late Mr
t'enBett A large number oi Amer
can colleges received like sum for
this purpose. There were above
twenty contestants and Clifford Is to
he highly congratulated GA his sue
cess as we'll as the ability displayed
by his production ID viii appear
in two ISSUES of the News-Champ-
ION:
THt sErAEMI0N 90 STATE AND NA-
TIaNAL IsstEs
The constitution Of the United
States outlines and prociaims re-
publican form OF government. By
it the people are made the source OF
authority The natural result Of
representative democracy is the rise
of an organization, the function OF
which is TO discover aud express the
will Of the people. The political
party, then, is AN organ OF public
opinion, aud, as true party, 1t
makes It's appeal to the great body
Of citizens. Mr.. Ostrogorski eX-
presses this development thus:
The autonomist is finally pro-
claimed sovereign IN the State. Left
to himself in the political sphere by
the emancipatlng process oi
individuaiism, and powerless in his
atomistic isolation, he lastens on
the old party groove and makes tins
his base of operation.
But the political party, after 1t has
secured its existence as an organ OF
public opinion, takes ON other func-
tions. 1t has assumed very inn
portant position in the United States
because of the distribution OF gov
ernmental powers. All government
tai powers are distributed among
three departments - the eNecu-
tive, the legislative, and the Judi
cial These departments are inde-
pendent Of one another, the only v
relation being that one acts as a
check upon the other The result Is
that there is an opportunity for con
slant conflict Bu, II there is to he
an efficient government. the three
departments must cooperate, and,
there is no provision IN the ccnstl-
tuition for their c0-Jrdiuatlon, some
extra-legal organization must per-
form this function. The political
party naturally takes upon itself this
duty, which for its elective per
formance requires that the party be
strong enough to make the public
officials whom it elects, responsible
to it.
Bat since the field Of operation OF
this extra-legal entity lies in the
several states of the Federal Union
its organization must be largel,
affected by the relations existing be
tween the nation and states as sci
forth in the constitution. The con
stitution delegates powers of genera
consequence to the national govern
ment, and withholds certain Other
powers from the states The resi-
dual powers are left to the states
The constitution also guarantees tn,
states republican form Of govern
ment The governmental organza
ton in the states is similar to that
of the nation, there being ia each, al
executive, legislative, and judicial
department. Since the states hav,
control over all local affairs such a.
questions of taxation, education
charities aud corrections, suffrage
elections, and so forth, there ar,
many governmental agencies pecu
liar to the state The state as sucf
is of vastly Y more Importance to th'
individual than the national gov
ernment.
The result Of such a relation be
tween state and nation is the impos
sibility of simplicity in party leader
ship. While the party acts as al
organization to centralize a numbe
of republics, the states and Will,
in so acting it performs a usetu
function, still, as national party.
should not exercise party function
in the several states. Party infu
ence should be limited to govern
mental powers The party shoult
be able to enforce, through the gov
ernmental officers which it elects
the policy which it advocates
Therefore because of the division c
the sovereign power above men