davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Omaha daily bee., 1909-04-18

Our printers will be Interested in what
the compositors receive. There are, now
dailies In all the towns Of any size, and
Osaka has several journals, each Of which
has several hundred thousand circulation.
The days work begins at s a. m. and ends
at 8 D. m. The wage scale is from 80 to
60 cents, the average being about 45 cents.
Coal miners get from Is to Al cents,
blacksmiths, 2s cents; iron molders, 2S
cents, and machinlsts almost 81. In the
shoe factories, from Is to 50 cents is paid.
all the work being done by hand, there
being no factories, such as we have, in
Japan.
Ordinary laborers receive from Is TO IS
cents a day when employed by the NUM-
eipality. and farm hands get from 10 70
% cents for ten hours work, according
as they are women or men. Think Of
wading through the mud Of a rice field.
Omaha daily bee., 1909-04-18

tents did a thriving business a few minutes
later. Regiments were organized and the
war feeling ran high.
Upon several occasions Jules went to
the front among the soldiers and sang the
hymns which live on, although the soldiers
die and are forgotten. In these hustling
times we do not stop to think of the many
foot-sore. weary soldiers who imbibed new
life from Jules songs and the memory OF
them. He became known throughout the
whole army. making new friends and al
ways willing TO start anew the patriotic
fervor with The Battle Cry of Freedom
or other national songs. l always regarded
the two Lumbards thereafter as the fore
most %exponents Of our national battle
songs"
Said Congressman John F.. Lacey OF
Iowa in a Memorial day address In Des
Moines In 1897:
Appomattox in 1868. away down at Vicks-
burg, one Of the great way stations on
that journey, hat ON one occasion we had
a striking illustration of the harmony pro-
duoed by the coneourse Of sweet sounds,
Jules and Frank Hubbard OF Chicago
visited some friends In the trenches. SLOW
firing was going on here and there along
the lines and the scream OF shell and
whistle of mimic ball kept everyone in a
state of eager attention. Some Of the
Lumbards' friends asked them to sing, and
their clear voices rang out amid the roar
of the guns AS they sang the firing slack
ened and nearly ceased, when a confederate
called out from the rifle pits. Hello.
Yanks. isn't that Jules and Frank Lumbard
singing thereT
''The response was. Hello. Johnny. II
IL the Lumbard boys; keep stil and you
Omaha daily bee., 1909-04-18
In the JnpaHsse FACTORIES.


Only q short time ago everything in
Japan was made by hand in the houses.
There were no large establishments and
practically no factories. Today there is still
an enormous house industry, but there are,
all told. over 10000 factories and they en-
ploy altogether about 1900 workmen.
There are thousands OF men who labor in
the mines. and millions in little industries
Of every kind which go on in the homes OF
the people.
As TO the factories, I have already writ
ten OF the shipyards and cotton mills. In
the spinning factories the women are now
receiving about p cents q day and chill
dren as low as G cents, while men get, on
the average, about 81 cents. Cotton weav-
ers receive about the same and silk weav-
ors a cent or two more.
The seat of tho silk Industry is here in
Kyoto, but there is an immense deal OF
silk made In Osaka, and that place has
more textile workers than anywhere else
IN Japan. Coming to il is like approaching
P%ttSburg OF Chicago. You see the smoke
polluting the air; there are hundreds OF
stacks rising above the low black houses
and the surroundings are those OF the new
Japan. The city now has more than i.OOO.O OO
people. and Its population Is largely COM
posed OF those who work in the factories
OF various kinds, There are long lines OF
lew houses. the homes OF the workmen and
life seems hard.
In Osaka some Of the factories work
their hands six days OF the week. Others
work seven. and In the textile trades the
hours are ten every day. There is con-
,siderable ehiid labor. but not 30 much as
Is generally supposed. In all Japan only
eight hands out OF 100 are under IA and OF
those four-fifths are girls. In the house
industry the proportion Of children is much
larger. Fully IS per cent OF the factory
employees are women and only IS per cent
men. An Increase goes on from year tc
year In the number OF women laborers. and
the females are doing more than their shar,
OF the work Of the country. This is Sc
Notwithstanding their wages are often only
one-half those OF the men and the worl
quite a. hard.
Omaha daily bee., 1909-04-18

This being the case as to the territory.
the only thing left is expansion along the
lines OF Industry and commerce. Japan
10 pushing both of these possibilities with
all her might, and 1t may be that the
natural skill and indefatigable work of her
people will make her win out. II she does
30, It will be by retrenchment and econ
omy, rather than personal extravaganza and
Increased government expenditures. Today
the country is $1,000, OOO,OOO in debt. 1t owes
on the average 5000 per head. or 81, 1000 per
family. II is taxed enormously, and there
would seem to be but little room for either
the people or the government TO increase
their expenses. The officials realize this
and have cut down their estimates for this
year. The people are already so burdened
that they dare not branch out. and the
outlook Is that the simple life OF the old
Japan will have to continue with the masses
for some time to come. This letter is TO
be devoted to the Japanese laboring classes.
] want 70 tell you how they work and the
ages they get, and also the prices they
ray for their daily necessities. You can
then Judge OF their ability to support a CIV
il~zAtlon like ours.
Omaha daily bee., 1909-04-18

pushing It from them. and they pull the
rand saw. Nevertheless, their joints fit
and a great part of their housemaking
consists of sliding walls which move in
grooves.
Bricklayers, equal to those who receive
as much as IS a day in the United States,
are getting 45 cents for nine hours work
here, and this is 10 per cent more than
they got In 1906. Brick masons get 80 cents
a day, stone cutters AZ and plumbers 30,
and that without helpers. Indeed, even an
ordinary MAJ can afford a plumber in ia
par.
Omaha daily bee., 1909-04-18
wnre. OF sfeel workers.

1 wonder how our iron and steel men
would like to labor at the wages paid
here. Take the Bessemer furnace en-
pioyes. The blowers get less than 80 cents
a day on the average, and their day is
twelve hours long, with one OF two hours
rest, which, as is the custom here, comes
on In sections. They have thirty minutes
Omaha daily bee., 1909-04-18

Japanese bitten off more than
- they can chew? Can they sup
t port the western civilization
S@ With it's Injuries and it's ex-
travagnnces7 Have they the natural re-
SOURCES TO hold their own as a eseat world
power7 These are SOME Of the questions
which are staring the statesmen Of this
country In the face.
Japan has. all told. good farm lands OF
about half the size Of Kentucky. II has
some coal and a little iron. It Is discover
ing petroleum. but this is OF poor quality,
and It has a considerable amount Of copper
and plenty Of fish. All these resources,
however, ere not enough to warrant the
support OF the increasing population, and
the country must have outside lands or
develop Itself along tho lines of industry
and Suppose you should crowd
more than half OF all the people OF the
United States into the southern half Of
Virginia, could we live as well as we do
nowH Would we have meat three times a
day. carpets on our floors and pianos in
our parlors, and, over and above all, money
to burn? As to cuitivable territory, that
is the state OF Japan. II has now 50, 900, 900
inhabitants and It is adding 100000 new
stofnaohs to it's consumers every year. It
has added 100000 within the last two de-
eades, and the avalanche Of new babies
rolls on.
AS to outside lands. Formosa, which came
as. o result Of the Chinese war, is the only
property absolutely in hand. It is Just
about twice as big as New Jersey and 1t Is
already supporting twice as many people.
1t has 100000 or 100000. mostly Chinese.
who have goboled up the good land and
cannot be moved. In addition there is
Corea, which Is controlled by japan and
Which many think Is to be exploited for
the good Of the home population. Corea
is twice as large as Kansas. but II also is
mountainous and Its population is about
100000. There may be some chance for
expansion in southern Manchurla, but al
together the chances for emigration are
few.
Omaha daily bee., 1909-04-18

In the steel works at Kure and in the
naval arsenal at Sasebo there are tens
OF thousands of men employed who get on
the average less than 30 cents a day. and
this is for high-class labor. In those yards
all kinds Of fine steel work Is done, inolud-
ing the making of armor plate for gun
boats and the building OF big ships.
Similar wages are paid in the govern
ment railway works scattered here and
there over Japan. In the whole thousand
factories there is only one where the aver
age wages of the men are over IS cents a
day, and only three where they are over
80 cents. OF the 10000 men and women
working in these factories the average
wage of the man is less than 2S cents and
that of the women less than II cents per
day of nine or ten hours.
Omaha daily bee., 1909-04-18

off at 9 a. m. and another half hour at
g. There Is a full hour at noon, and the
LIST and 18th of each month are considered
rest days On all other days, including
Sunday. the work goes on. This is the
custom in many factories. AS to other
ironworkers, the bar-irpn heaters get 80
cents, rollers of steel rails 80 cents and
iron men STA cents. with some of these
workmen a bonus equivalent to about ten
days wages Is distributed twice a year.
Omaha daily bee., 1909-04-18
High wages for Japanese.

have before me'a table OF wages which
has rust been made. 1t has been gotten at
first hand from the child employers of
Osaka and kyOto and IL may be relied
upon a. oorreot. Il howe the Increase
In wages In the last three years. and the
Omaha daily bee., 1909-04-18
what the Government Pays.


Our government pays big wages to all
its mechanics, and as a rule the eight
hour law holds everywhere. The Japanes
government has more factories than Uncle
Sam and its hours are much longer. There
are altog Their 1000 government factories,
covering a great variety OF industries. In
the government printing office the wages
are 1914 cents a day for women and from
is to % cents for men; in the mint men
receive 20 cents and in the paper factory
about 20 cents.
In the tobacco factories which the gov
eminent runs as a monopoly, there are
over 22,OOO hands, and they get from 0
to IS cents a day. The lower wages are
received by the women.
The government has wooden mills, can
non factories and military clothing estab-
lishments where proporticnately low
wages are paid. In the wooden factory at
Senju, for instance, girls are paid II cents
ana men on the average about Is. In
the government shipbuilding yards the
pay is from IL to q cents and in the
arsenals Of Toxic and Osaka, which alto
gether have about $4,000 hands, the wages
are from / to 8 cents an hour.
Omaha daily bee., 1909-04-18

LUMBARD was so long a
familiar figure In Omaha that
1t seems strange to refer to
him as living in Chicago, but
there he has made his home for
tho Iaat thraa or four vara and
Omaha daily bee., 1909-04-18
o
Omces Big. Salaries Small.

The same policy Of small wages prevails
throughout the government. The emperor
himself has a civil list Of about $~1,5OO.0OO
a year. and he has refused to accept more
on account OF the hard times, although
the people have requested him to do so.
His cabinet ministers are paid much less
Omaha daily bee., 1909-04-18
Cost of New Civilization.

Some of these features are those OF the
old Japan. They represent the conditions
which stll prevail among the masses OF
the empire and under which Japan Is now
paying its big taxes and carrying on It's
mighty public improvements. At the same
time the new civilization is bringing in
new wants and new customs. The big
army which went to Manchuria contained
hundreds OF thousands OF mechanics. While
abroad they were fed to some extent on
foreign food, they had foreign shoes and
clothes Of foreign cut. They acquired GER
tain habits which. In contrast with their
simple lives were extravagant, and they
brought back Innovations TO all parts OF
Japan. They van more than they had
ever wanted before, and II is probable that
they will demand higher wages. n such
changes continue, they will gradually ask
for ali that the American laborer now
gets, and It is a question whether their
country will stand the strain.
At present, prices are higher than they
have ever been. and the taxes are heavier
Everything pays a duty, and the necessi-
ties OF life cost more than ever before
itce Is now selling at over $50 a bushei'
barley at more than 81. ana wheat at
about $3.50 per bushel Chickens are sold
by the kwan. which is a little more thar
eight pounds, as are also fish ana meat.
Chickens bring H.5 per kwan in Kyoto'
or over IS cents a pound. Ducks sell for
more, and salted trout for about the same.
Sugar is over c cents a pound. and salt
which Is a government monopoiJ, costs
more than cent per pound. Other things
are proportionately high. 30 that, 70 say
the least. the Japanese working man on
e.ar a.. -. Ill ha ran 40 20 unaEa hafh
ends meet. FRANK q. CARPENTER
Omaha daily bee., 1909-04-18

than ours. The premier receives less than
5000 a year and the minister of state.
5000. The chief OF the railways Is paid
$500. the governor general of
$4,000 and the resident general at Seoul the
same. The foreign ambassadors get $500
a year, with from 81 900 to $4,000 for en-
Pertaining, and the foreign ministers less.
The ordinary consul general has from
$500 to $3.50 per annum and an allowance.
The judges get little, their salaries rang
ing from $1,000 to $500 and the university
professors are In the same category. The
admiral of the Japanese navy and the
general-in-chief Of the army receive only
5000 a year and a rear admiral gets about
81, TOO. A colonel in the army has less than
1900, a major a little over $500 and a
captain 1921. These are far below the
amounts paid in our country, where a
cabinet minister gets four times as much,
or $4,000. and the other salaries are pro-
p~ortionately high. 1t should be said, how
ever, that many of the high officers Of
the government nave official residences
furnished by the emperor. with a special
fund for entertaining.
Omaha daily bee., 1909-04-18
Cheap Living.

Wages like those of the masses are only
suited to life on the cheapest scale. The
average Japanese working man lives on
rice, fish, vegetables and tea. If he is very
poor the tea Is Of the cheapest quality
and the rice is somewhat of @ luxury,
miilet and other coarse grains taking its
place. Indeed, the finer qualities OF Jap
anese rice are too costly for the poorer
classes. They are exported to other coun-
tries and cheaper rice is imported for
home consumption.
The table furniture of such a man costs
nothing. He uses wooden chop
sticks instead of knives and forks, and a
few bowls suffice for his dishes. His
cooking stove is a clay bowl, and his
whole housekeeping outfit would not cost
more than SIC. His furniture consists of
little more than straw mats and one or
two little tables about a foot high.
The mats cover the floor, and they take
the pace OF a bedstead at night. Many
OF the people sleep in the clothes that
they use in the daytime, rolling them
selves up in cotton comforters and resting
their heads on hard rectangular pillows,
stuffed with straw, or upon wocd-n
blocks. The latter are always used by
the women, in order that they may not
Sa1nA ohbo NAANAA AAaNAp NNS ANAN'@9
under the neck.
The house OF the poorer working man
seldom has more than three little rooms,
and it may have only one or two. There
are outside walls of wood, which can be
slid back during the daytime, and inner
walls OF sash, with paper panes. which
slide back and forth. The roof is CT
thatch or of tiles. There are no chimneys
and no stoves. The only means of heating
such a house Is by a firebox filled with
charcoal or by a square zinc or copper
lined fireplace sunk In the middle OF the
floor, in which wood is burned, the smoke
making its way out through the roof.
Wood is sold in infinitesimal quantities.
A small Japanese city will not burn as
much as an American village, and the
average American family consumes more
fuel In one week than a half dozen Jap
anese houses do in a month.
1t costs the japanese mechanic com
paratively little for clothing. He dresses
In cottons winter and summer, and sell
dom has underwear. His shoes are of
wood or straw. and his wife's head al
ways goes bare. The clothes of the work.
ing woman cost less than the ribbons OF
Uncle Sans hired girls. A few dollars
will buy a whole years outfit for a man
or a woman, and 1 venture that one could
go to housekeeping on SIS and have
money to spare.
Omaha daily bee., 1909-04-18

YOTo, 1909.-OSpeclal Correspond
enee of The Bee.)-Have the
Japanese bitten eff more than
they can chew? Can they sup
port the western civilization
with it's Injuries and it's ex-
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1909-09-04
SALOON men
MUST B|DE
THEIR TINE

It is the general belief In Gary that
the saloon cases are set for next Tues
day at the opening term of the Porter
superior court. The fact of the mat
ter however, is that they have not yet
been set for trial and it will probably
be at least a month before they will
again be brought into court 1t was
believed that the fight for the life of
the saloons was to be staged In the
early part of September. but this can
not be brought about
In speaking of the matter this morn
ing, Judge John II. Gillett, who Is chief
counsel for the saloon men, said that
he would go to Valparaiso Tuesday,
where he would appear at the court call
and have the case set as early in the
calendar as possible.
II am in hopes to have the case set
in four or five weeks. during the latter
part of the first term" said Judge Gil
lett "Of course. the jury trials are
always given precedence and we do not
expect to get to trial inside of three or
four weeks.
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1909-09-04
ALL TRADES
REPRESENTED
Splendid Pageant to Be a
Feature of Gigantic
Demonstration.

Barring bad weather the big Labor
Day celebration at East Chicago for
the entire county next Monday ought
to be a record breaker. One of the big
features of the day. of course. will be
the parade. Every trade and class OF
labor, which is organized. will be rep
resented and some the locals have made
preparations for something on the
fancy order. The floats. too. will be
a feature.
The parade itself will be divided into
two divisions and will have two bands.
1t begins at 10 o'clock in the morning
and disbands at Saw Mill park. The
official line of march will be as follows:
Line of March.
Beginning at the corner of Barring
avenue and Chicago avenue, it will head
down Barring avenue to One Hundred
and Fiftieth street on the latter
street to Magoun avenue and on Ma
goun avenue One Hundred and
Forty fourth street; on One Hundred
and Fcrty-fourth street to Forsythe
avenue on Forsythe avenue to Chicago
avenue and on Chicago to 0}eott ave
nue.; on Olcott avenue 10 One Hundred
CONTINUED on PAGE Seven.J
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1909-09-04
5000 MORE
Men WANTED
This at Standard Steel
Plant = Means 10000
Additional Residents.

Two things are prophesied by Cen
eral Manager Douglas of the Standard
Steel Car company, in Hammond. that
are of vital Importance to the people
of this community.
1. Next year will be the banner year
in the car manufacturing industry OF
the United States. The Hammond plant
OF the Standard Steel Car company VII
be running to its full capacity.
2. With the local plant of the Stand
ard Steel Car company running two
shifts, 5000 men. including laborers and
skilled workingmen viii be employed in
Hammond and the pay roll will be
double what 1t has ever been before
These statements are fraught with
the greatest significance. 1t means that
next year there will be more men en-
ployed IN Hammond than ever In It's
history before and that these men will
spend G larger amount of money than
was ever spent BY the employees or any
Hammond industry. including the old O..
H Hammond company
The Standard Steel Car company will
then fulfill the promises its builders
made when It was located in this city
two years go and viii prove the great
est industry in the city.
The city will be crowded out to its
most extreme limits to accommodate
the extra population and it is expected
that hundreds of people will he com
PEELED to live in other cities because
of a lack of hotel facilities and houses
in which to live.
1t is expected that the whole eastern
part of the city will be doomed BY the
invasion of worl1ingmen and that pros
perity such as the city of Hammond
has never known before will dawn upon
the city.
There are very few people who real
ize what it means to add 1000 work
ingmen to the population of the city in
the brief space of few months. Three
thousand workingmen viii mean event
ually that there will be at least 10000
people added to the population of the
city.
AS these people become permanent
residents they will have to rent or buy
homes. They will have to furnish these
homes and most important of all. they
will have to continually buy clothes
and food. There will not be a person
in the CITY who will not be benefited
by the future activity that is promised
here.
In the opinion of one of the officials
of the Standard steel Car company
these facts should be known by the
general public so that the citizens OF
Hammond can prepare for the good
times that are to come
Those who own property may build
houses on it with the assurance that
they will be easily rented Those who
contemplate extensions of their bust
ness may do so with a degree of Sc
curity, and with six months warnine
the people of Hammond should be fair
ly prepared to meet the prosperity thai
is bearing down upon the city.
If there are any skeptics let then
go out on Columbia avenue and see
the steel glrders climbing skywart
which are to form the skeleton of the
new steel passenger car shop. the home
of Hammond's newest industry.
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1909-09-04
IS
PAYING INVESTMENT
McAleer's Trotting Mare
Wins Two $500 Purses
in Two Weeks.
ENTERED IN OTHER EVENTS
Scheduled to Trot at Angola and
Kendallville in the Near
Future.
Future.

Sister-in-Law Attorney w. ]. Mac
Aleer's trotting mare. who won for
him two $500 purses in two weeks in
the 2:35 trot at Laporte and the 2:28
trot at Crown Point is scheduled to
enter a number more races in the
northern Indiana and northwestern cir
cults.
Mr. MacAleer has already been Of
fered a handsome price for the mare.
but at her present going will not part
with her for less than $4,000.
1t is the intention Of the owner Of
Sister r-in-Iaw to enter her at the VAL
paraiso fair next week in the PAS
trot and the Fps trot each event car
rying a purse with it for 5000. Her
next booking is for the Elkhart county
fair at Goshen. where she is to be
entered for the 2:3O trot on Wednesday.
sept ;. and the 2:24 trot for the fol-
lowing Friday Circumstances permit
ting, she will go to the Angola fair.
where she may be entered in the 2:30
trot Thursday. Sept. %. and in the 2.24
trot on the following Friday. Her en-
try at Kendallville in two events for
5000 purses for each will probably
be the last before she goes to Spring
field where she viii be entered in the
81 600 stake in 2.3O event
Should the mare keep up her winning
gait she will undoubtedly be a good
financial venture for her owner not to
mention the qualification he enjoys in
thus indulging his fancy for the turf.