davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Kennewick courier. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1905-1914, 1909-08-13

the three essential elements. Three
fourths Of the air is made up Of nj
trogen. Glover and other legulninous
rropS are able to get nitrogen from
this source by means Of bacteria which
i've on their roots. These bacteria
change the nitrogen of the air into nj
trates. a form in which it can be used
by the plants. Fully one-third Of the
nitrogen collected by the clover plant
is left in the soil in the roots and stub
BILE. One crop of clover In four year
rotation will furnish nearly enough nj
trogen for the remaining three crops
in the rotation.
This is much cheaper form Of OBJ
tanning nitrogen than by purchasing it
in commercial fertilizers at 10 to Is
cents a pound. 1t is much more profit
able to keep the nitrogen supply fairly
constant by the continued use Of a ro-
tation with legumes than to add a
large amount at one time. Nitrogen In
the form Of nitrates is readily soluble,
and every rain washes some Of it out
Of the soil. This Is not true Of the
other essential elements to any marked
extent. Too liberal supply Of nitro
gen at one time tends also to promote
too rapid leaf growth at the expense
Of fruit or grain.
The stubble and roots Of the clover.
together with the cornstalks and other
rubbish, will do great deal to keep
up the humus supply. In addition to
The Kennewick courier. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1905-1914, 1909-08-13

After clover has been grown for
considerable length Of time, especially
If much has been plowed under for
green manure, the land Is liable to be-
come Glover sick" This is caused by
an excess of acid in the soil. This
acid can be neutralized by the applica-
ton Of ground limestone. Caustic or
Quicklime is not so good as limestone,
since 1t burns up large quantities Of
humus and In general Is too violent In
its action. Lime has another advan-
tage on clay soils In that it causes the
particles to adhere together in larger
masses. thus making the soil more
porous. The usual rate Of application
is from twenty to forty bushels to the
acre. With the application of lime. as
well as with the adoption Of any other
new method. it is best to try 1t on
small scale first. Then If it proves
profitable its use can be extended.
The judicious use of clover or some
other legume will effectively solve the
humus and nitrogen problems. There
remains the question Of the potassium
and phosphorus supply. Glover also
aids with these. The humus formed
from it helps to dissolve the unavail-
able materials and prepare them for
the use of the plant. AS stated before,
there is enough potassium in the upper
seven inches Of the average prairie
soil to last GOO years under the most
intensive culture and enough phos-
phorus for fifty years. Glover changes
| this seven inches into twice as many
feet. Glover roots 60 down ten or a
dozen feet or farther. Alfalfa roots 60
down twenty feet or more. These deep
roots bring up minerals from the lower
layers Of soil and leave them where
the shallower rooted grain crops can
get them.
Making Fertility Available.
Gypsum, or land plaster, has a con-
siderable effect in making potassium
and phosphorus available. Applied at
the rate of 500 or GOO pounds per acre.
it will often increase crop yields con-
siderably. 1t also has beneficial ef-
I 1cCI Ou dlhdh OOuSs OSS VIC Va WV
bushels to the acre.
Probably the most effective way Of
making phosphorus, potassium or 9TH
er plant foods available is by tillage.
Frequent and thorough cultivation,
keeping the soil fine and mellow, ia
vors the chemical processes by which
locked up plant food is made available.
| 1t must be remembered, however,
that the faster these materials are lib
Grated the sooner will the supply be-
come exhausted. When rotation with
legumes. tillage and the application OF
lime and gypsum no longer produce
satisfactory results it is sign that
there Is a lack Of potassium or phos-
phorus. or both. in the soil. Phos-
phorus is more liable to become scanty
In amount since the supply Is smaller.
Bonemeal and ground phosphate rock
are the best forms in which to apply
tfi material. The former Is quicker
in it's action. but considerably more ex
! pensive Potassium is usually bought
in the form of muriate or sulphate.
The Kennewick courier. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1905-1914, 1909-08-13

TOT all lands need tile drainage
" but there are none on which
N the problem of maintaining
fertility is not an important
one. Fertility Of the land in its broad
est sense means its ability to produce
large crops.
One Of the important factors influ-
encing fertility Is the amount of plant
food In the soil. Ten elements. car
bon. hydrogen. oxygen, calcium. mag
nesium, iron, sulphur, nitrogen. potas-
STUN and phosphorus. are necessary to
the growth of plants. From 80 to 90
per cent Of the dry matter of plants is
made up of carbon, oxygen and by
drogen. which are obtained from air
and water. OF the others only three.
nitrogen. phosphorus and potassium. are
used in such large quantities that the
supply in the soil is likely to become
exhausted. These three are usually
spoken of as the essential plant foods.
Amount Of Plant Food In Soils.
These plant foods are present in
varying amounts In all soils. In many
cases it is necessary to increase the
supply by the use Of commercial fer
tilizers. The real need of most soils.
however. is not the addition Of more
Of these materials. but the judiciOus
use Of those already there. 1t is esti-
mated that there is enough phosphor-
US In the upper seven inches of soil
In 70
hundred bushels Of corn to the acre
every year for sixty years and enough
potassium to last 600 years at the
same rate. Much of this phosphorus
and potassium is combined with other
materials in such form that it is un.
available for the use of the plants.
One Of the principal problems of the
farmer. then, is to make this stored fer
tility available.
One Of the most effective means Of
doing this is by keeping the soil pIen-
tifully supplied with humus. Humus
Is the name given to decaying organic
matter in the soil. 1t is the humus
that gives the dark. rich color to soils.
1t leaves that drown streak in the
furrow" that farmers have long re-
garded as an indication of fertility.
Humus gives the soil spongy texture
and greatly increases its water holding
capacity. 1t also makes the soil lighter
and warmer. Soils which contain large
amounts of humus do not bake or
become cloddy easily. They are mel
low and respond readily to cultivation
Humus contains considerable nitrogen
and furnishes home for bacteria.
which aid in making plant food avail
able. Certain acids are also formed in
the decaying Of humus that aid in
making the phosphorus and potas.
stun available. 1t might almost be
said that the chief problem Of main
tanning fertility is the problem of keep
ing the soil supplied with humus.
Maintaining the Humus Supply.
Probably the best way of maintain
ing this humus supply is by the liberal
use of barnyard manure. The surplus
straw should be used for bedding. SO
as to save all the liquid portion and
| add to the bulk Of the manure. Shred
ded fodder Is also good for this pur.
pose. The manure should be hauled
The Kennewick courier. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1905-1914, 1909-08-13

FIG. REORGANIZATION OF MANURE.
to the land as fast as formed. When
it Is allowed to decay in the barnyard
much Of the nitrogen is lost. and rains
falling upon it also wash out other ele-
ments. The manure spreader Is an
implement that should be found in
every barnyard. The manure can be
loaded direct from the stables to the
spreader at almost all seasons Of the
year and spread in an even layer upon
the field. With a spreader the manure
can be made to cover twice as much
ground, so that the whole farm can be
gone over oftener.
While barnyard manure is undoubt-
edly one Of the best means Of main
tanning fertility, it cannot always be
had. Many farmers, because Of their
location near markets which demand
certain crops, find it more profitable to
supply those crops than to raise live
stock. Others prefer grain farming
because it Is less combining. Such farm
ers must have some method OF main
tanning fertility which does not depend
primarily upon manure. ::
The Value Of Clover.
The best substitute for manure Is
clover. Clover supplies an abundance
Of nitrogen, the most rapidly used OF
The Kennewick courier. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1905-1914, 1909-08-13

YOT all lands need tile drainage,
IN but there are none on which
IL the problem of maintaining
Mexico weekly ledger., 1909-04-22
NERvoUs P~RosTRATIoN
Indigestion Causes It-MI-o-na viii
Cure IL

II you have indigestion, you don't
get all the nutriment put of your food
that you should.
Your worn out stomach passes the
food on without extracting enough
nutritious substance to supply the
blood and nerves.
And If the nerves are not supplied
with nourishment, they begin to re.
bel. They kick up a great disturb.
ance, They make you irritable, cranky
you worry about t~rifles, and you can.
not sleep soundly at night, you have
bad dreams, and you get up tired in
the morning.
Try Mona tablets, the money
back cure. Mi-o-na win cure your
nervousness by driving out the cause
Mi-o-na will give you relief the first
hour. It will cure acute cases in q
few days, and chronic cases in a few
weeks.
Belching of gas, heartburn, soul
breath and other dyspeptic symp
toms vanish before the mighty pow
er OF Mona
Try Mona. Otis Purdy sells il
and will refund your money if il
doesn't cure, and only so cents a
large box.
Mexico weekly ledger., 1909-04-22
D KNOWLEDGE
Mexico People Should Learn to De-
tect the Approach of Kidney Dis
ease.

The symptoms of kindey trouble
are so unmistakable that they leave
no ground for doubt. Sick kidneys
excrete a thick, cloudy, offensive ur
inc, full of sediment, irregular OF pas
sage or attended by a sensation Of
sea- ing. The back aches constantly
headaches and dizzy spells may oc
cur and the victim is often weighed
down by a feeling oflanguor and ia
tigue. Neglect these warnings anG
there is danger of dropsy, Brights
disease. or diabetes. Any one Oh
these symptoms is warning enough
to begin treating the kidneys at once
Delay often proves fatal.
You a use no better remedy
than Doan's Kidney Pills. Here's q
Mexico proof:
T. Q. Montgomery, 206 Anderson
street. Mexico, Mo-, says: Il had q
very severe cas OF kidney and blad
der trouble and was unable to get re
lief. When Doan's Kidney Pills were
brought to my attention, / procured
a box and to my qualification, they
Mexico weekly ledger., 1909-04-22

Sexton Frank Williams, of the city
cemeter, gave a Ledger reporter
some interesting facts concerning the
first burial there and the number OF
bodies inferred since 1871, when 1t
was established.
Mexico has one Of the handsomest
and best kept burial places OF any
city its size in this State, and has
every reason to feel proud of its sha-
dy drives and neat appearance.
The first body eve inferred in the
Mexico city cemetery was that of DR..
Durand, in 1871. Since that date to
April 10, 1909, there has been 1892
burials, or an average Of almost 80
per year. In the year 1908 there
were 127 interments.
In the past few years many sub
stantial improvements have been
made in and about the grounds, and
now the time has arrived for some
manner of action concerning the old
cemetery in west Mexico.
Mexico weekly ledger., 1909-04-22
aily saws: "'Coandng noses IN Ii,

( tally says: Counting noses in the
Missouri Senate for and against 6
prohibition amendment viii prove q
wholly idle effort whichever side hai
J the most noses) unless the Senate
and House each pass the restrictive
saloon legislation that both parties
promised the people, and that Gov.
ernOr Hadley has urged A straight.
forward, effective statute for bidding
brewery ownership or control of sa'
looms and a genuine district local op'
ton law for cities must be enacted
or no combination OF liquor interests
and corporations and machine politi'
clans can prevent the certain com.
ing Of prohibition. This is true
whether or not the Senate adopts the
resolution submitting the prohibition
amendment, for the people can and
viii invoke it by initiative petition il
necessary. II would display much
better sense for the brewers to desist
from counting senatorial noses and
get out OF wav OF the laws that the
people have determined shall be en-
acted"
Mexico weekly ledger., 1909-04-22

A most entertained audience was
gathered in the Grand Opera
House Wednesday evening and heard
Father J. T. Coffey. of st. Louis,
lecture upon the three great evils Of
the American home. Father Coffey
is one of the best speakers in the
State and one OF thestrungest adyo-
Gates of the temperance question ex-
tant
The proceeds of the evening
will be utilized on the fund for the
purpose of establishing a parochial
school in this city. Father j. J.. Dill
lon, Of St. Brendan's church has the
movement well under way and hopes
to have the fund complete within a
reasonable time.
Father J.. T. Coffey returned to St
Louis at noon Thursday. He is a man
Of conviction, a deep thinker and a
student. AS can be inferred from his
lecture, he treats every subject learn
e1ly and with care. He is not a
r rOhibitionist, though he expressed
pleasure in the news the question
would likely be placed before the peO'
pie Of Missouri to vote upon. Il fear
the city will defeat it," he said.
This tidal wave of temperance which
Is sweeping the country is not for a
few months, but until the people are
satisfied their demands will be recog-
nized. Prohibition is too extreme. |
am an extremist but for local option.
If the local option law was applied
to the districts in the cities, you
would be surprised how great a terri
tory in St Louis, Kansas City and st,
Joseph would be dry.
THE matter has reached such a
stage, through the saloons trying to
control politics, that 1t is a question
of whether the people or the saloons
will dominate. The American people
are not extremists, therefore the pro.
hibition movement cannot appeal to
them as strongly as 1t might. l am
heart and soul with the a~nti-saloon
league and believe local option and tn,
county unit law is the true solution
in this State.
Many Of the most prominent brew.
ers have at st realized their fatal
mistake in trying to conduct politics
to their own taste and can trace di.
rectly the present mighty fight
against the liquor interests to this.
Whether prohibition viii be adopt
ed in this State, / cannot say"
Mexico weekly ledger., 1909-04-22
ST. LOUIS LIVE STOCK MARKET

|Nh1fA 6KNNNNh
Natl Stock Yards, ILL.,, April 20
t909.-Cattle receipts $500. Marke
staedy with yesterdays decline, or II
to 15c lower than the close OF las
week. or 10 TO zoe lower on steers
and 20 to 4Oc lower on heifers than Q
week ago. Good milk COWS ant
calves steady.
We need light receipts to SET
stronger prices. Very few stockeri
and feeders on calves. Market
steady, or 10 to 15c lower than aasl
weke.
Hog receipts 1000. Choice ship
ping hogs 5 to 10c higher; Others
steady. Mixed and butchers $40 t.
$3.50; choice heavies $3.50 to $7.45i
mixed packing $3.50 to $7.25. Cook
pigs 1925 to S6.75; lights $3.50 tc
$3.50. Bulk of all the hogs $500 tC
1915; top s7.45. Outlook steady.
Sheep receipts 1900; market 15c
lower on clipped lambs. Colorado
wooded lambs steady. Good to choice
clipped lambs; $3.50 to $685.. Wooled
Colorado's up to $500. Good to best
wethers $5.25 to $5.65; ewes $4.75 to
$5.25. Prospects fair.
Natl Live Stock COMMISSION Co.
Mexico weekly ledger., 1909-04-22
SARAH LEE ToMLINsoN.

The third daughter Of Edward and
Linnie Belle Tomlinson, Sarah Lee, a
bright, sweet little girl of s years and
8 months and 1 day old, died at the
Ellen Osborn Hospital in st. Louis
at s o'clock Wednesday morning, Ap-
ril 14th. She had suffered an attack
of appendicitis and had undergone an
operation.
Her cheerful face and loving pres
ence will be missed by her father
and mither, her brothers and sisters
and by all who knew her. In the
heavenly garden a beautiful rose will
be unfolded from the bud transporte
Mexico weekly ledger., 1909-04-22

cured me. l am now strong and we.
and have no lumbago or other symp
toms of kidney trouble. / gladly stat
that Doan' Kidney Pills alone are re
sponsible for this cure"
For sale BY all dealers. Price soc
Foster Milburn Co., Buffalo, N
T.. sole agents for the United States.
Remember the name Doan's-ant
take no other.
Mexico weekly ledger., 1909-04-22

JOE CAUTHoRN, formerly of the
Mexico Ledger, now Of the San Di
ego (CR.) Sun, sends a remittance
for the Mcmillan memorial fund. joe
many friends in Mexico are glad t.
know that he is prosperous and hap
by. In closing HE letter 10 the
Ledger, enclosing the money for th'
fund referred to above. Joe says
Professor Mcmillan neye had a stu
dent who admired, honored and loyeC
him more than l."
Mexico weekly ledger., 1909-04-22

County News.
enIrrn OF MEXICO.

SOUTH OF MEACo'
Aprli hover make May flowers.
tlats are looking fine, In spike Oh
the bad rain and haiistorn. We
hear that great damage was done 10
Mr. Lackiand's farm. 49,.
MIR. b. Il. Mayes and family ha,e
a new surrey. Mr.. Mayes is nisn-
~ respected farmer OF south OF Mex
leo. 40
THE following have been on the
sick list the past week; Mrs. u. y.
Mayes and daughters. feEea 10.
and yerga, and Mrs. Geo. Mayes anu
daughter, Bessie; also Mrs. u. 4.
Bodkin.
Miss Jenmic Throckmartln Is WISE
ing her uncle this week.
We hear mat the foiIowing are 30
| ING to high school this fall In Mex
leo. yerca Lou Mayes. Eliza, Mary
FLOYD and Willie Bradley and John
Henry Dean.
Miss Helen Kennett spent Satur'
day and Sunday with home folks.
Mrs. p. V. o'Brien OF 5. w. MEX
leo is reported some better.
Miss yerca Lou Mayes ATTENDED
s. s. at Beaver Dam Sunday. ow'
ing to her sickness she had not been
able to attend.
We hear that Hisey school Is go
ing to have a picnic Friday. Wash
ington will have to honor them VIII
their presence. 80
Mr.. Henry Mayes and sister, MIS-
~. d. Tucker, Of Mexico, spent sat
urday and Sunday with their grand
father, up by New Hope church, VINO
is repL-ted very i'll.
Miss Eleanor Chestnut visited hel
cousin, Verca Lou Mayes, Saturday
land Sunday.
Green Cant is suffering with rheu
matism. =,
Quite a number of horseback rid
ers around Cedar Grove Sunday. 4
great place for horseback riders
Mr.. c. C. Lawrence and family
of Alxvasse, spent Sunday with MI
Fred Roberts and family.
Mexico weekly ledger., 1909-04-22

IN publishing interviews with State
Senators regarding the submission OF
the prohibition constitutional amend.
ment the st. Louis Post-D dispatch, re-
ferring 10 the Senator from this dis
trict, says: Eugene w. Stark,
Dem, Pike county: Put me down
as against prohibition, but ~squarely
in favor Of submission. I don't
think a tax rider should accompany
the amendment and / care nothing
about the Conran clause TO make the
constitutional prohibition effective, il
it should carry, In January, 1873"
Mexico weekly ledger., 1909-04-22

from earth. One tie binds the loved
ones to the home beyond. The fun
eral was conducted by the writer and
Rev. R. L. Russell, pastor of Mt.
Auborn Methodist church, at the
family home on Minerva avenue. The
body rests in st. Peters cemetery.
Robert L. Lemons,
Pastor West Park Baptist Church.
Mexico weekly ledger., 1909-04-22
Rex Monroe 2O6s

The best son that grand horse r..
Mcdonald, ever sired. viii NAL, a.
season at SIS to insure mare in ,,a'
10 Per cent discount given 70, ,..s
at time Of service. Rex Monro. "
a very dark mahogany bay, s v.,"
old, weighs 1850 pounds, heavy m,,.
and tall, short back with NV.
strength and magnificent style. M
the best bred saddle stallion 1, a.
State Of Missouri. His tabula,sd n.y.
isree will be furnished upon aDDiI,,
ton. He reverts ~ times 10 \.
Denmark family. II you wan, =
breed to the best saddle stallion !.
Missouri, see this horse and b. car.
vInced that the above are FACTS
Mexico weekly ledger., 1909-04-22
Fof Consultation.

Mr.. L. II. Farnham, a prominent
druggist of Spirit Lake, Ia, saysi
Chamberlain's Stomach and Liver Ia
lets are certainly the best thing on
the market for constipation" Give
these tablets a trial. You are Ger.
tain to find them agreeable and pleas
ant in effect. Price, 25 cents. Sam.
pies free. For sale by all druggists.
Mexico weekly ledger., 1909-04-22

Quite a number of citizens oil
Promenade street inform the Ledger
that they are in favor Of paving thai
street just as soon az they can Sc
cure a sewer. AS we understand the
matter, the city is making arrange
ments to give them a sewer, and ex.
pect the street paving and sewel
to go In together. Promenade stree
a be made one Of the prettiesi
streets in the State Of Missouri al
a very small cost to the property
aunera
Mexico weekly ledger., 1909-04-22

THE Friedman-Shelby Shoe Facto-
ry in this city Is the only shoe man
~ufacturing plant In the State now
running on fun time. This factory
is working at capacity and with nc
more room for machinery or hands
The movement to pass a law in the
State making all leather shoes or 9th
erwise have to be stamped is fathere'
by the Friedman-Shelby firm. They
make only all leather shoes and the
very best grade the market affords.
Mexico weekly ledger., 1909-04-22

-.
This community was visited las
Sunday evening by a terrific pouring
rain and considerable hail. II was
very much to the detriment of oui
farmers, who had their ground In fine
order, anticipating planting first Oh
the week, instead replacing water
gaps and fence washed out by the
high waters is the order of the day
MIR. Roy Bradley and family who
have had the grip are some better
at this writing, we are glad to state.
Mrs. William Pollock is about the
same and this cold, damp weather
is no balm for neuralgia and rheu
| matism of which she is a great sui
ferer.
J.. L. Ware, who went to Columbia
to have an operation performed, re
turned to his daughters neal
Thompson Sunday evening in very
feeble health.
We are glad to say Mrs. o'Brien IL
| some better.
Miss Bertha McCord has a mu
sic elias at her home this sum
mer and win welcome all lovers d
music as her pupils.
Ralph Dean and family visited II
| Columbia Sunday.
We are sorry to hear OF Bert Cas-
ey's losing his property by fire Sun
day night.
j. Y. Horton sold his cattle to Peal
for ~slxteen-ten TO go Monday night.
Miss Kell Bragg has returned hom'
to Troy.
Mexico weekly ledger., 1909-04-22
GOING TO
LONG

Quite a bunch Of Mexico business
men are going to Long Island, New
York State, to look into a real estate
investment there. Among those wh'
are talking Of going are: A. D. Jack
son, s. NJ. Locke, Charley Lewis, Col
Green Clay, W. W. Fry, Mark Pitcher
W. ]. Bolts, ]. T. Johnson, A. C
Barnes and c. f. Clark.
There are some splendid invest
ments on Lorg Island, and little OLE
New York is spreading out in thaI
dir ction.
Mexico weekly ledger., 1909-04-22
Moko Star 496O7

MOko Star, the horse, foaIsd 100,
stands 1901. This Is the ur,nd...
and most fashlonabIy-bred col, M,
the people of Audraln have eve, h,a
stabbed In tho county, he being a .,
Of the great futurlty sire, Moko: N,
first dam Nellie Farren by JaybIrd.
second dam Lady Ham, the dam A.
Hawthorne and Ed Winters. MAJ,
Star will serve ten approved mar,,,.
insure at $40. 10 Per cent dl.eou',
for cash. Moko Star Is entered i.
$4,000 stakes at 2-year-oId farm.
Mexico weekly ledger., 1909-04-22
FRANK PECK o

Frank w. Peck, after spending a
: year in Nursery, left Monday for his
home in Mexico, Mo. His many
friends regret to see him leave. His
absence at Sunday School and prayer
meeting will be felt.-vlctoria Tex
Advocate.
Mexico weekly ledger., 1909-04-22

THE question of prohibition in Mis-
souri, is not a party measure. The
time is past when long haired men
and short haired women" are In con.
troll OF a political party asking for
prohibition This question is to be
settled al th polls outside OF politics
with no offices or emolument in
sight. Referring to some Of the idle
efforts being made against prohibi-
tion," the Kansas City Star editor