Bisbee daily review., 1909-05-30
FORESTS MANAGED
 ON BUSINESS BASIS

| WASHINGTON, May 23.-Follow- ] ing the movement of the larger part cf
 the executive force of the forest ser
 vice from Washington into tn field.
 and the division of the western coun- try into six forest districts, each iu ! charge of district forester, the
 the practical management of Uncle Sam's forests on a business basis is
 being pushed forward even more rf- | feciyely than heretofore. Only the | general administrative heads of the | service and the men engaged in gov 1 ernment forestry work in the eastern part of the country retain their head. quarters in Washington.
 For the better administration of the 1 194, 100000 acres of national flores. ! land this vast territory is divided into l49. national forests, each in charge | os a forest supervisor. In all cases | the supervisor is selected for his wide | practical knowledge of the west, and of numbering and grazing particularly. | He may or may not be trained for
 estery. If not trained forester him.
 self he has such a man to assist him. | It is the business of the forest super
 visor and his technical aids to bring
 their forest gradually to condition of maximum productiveness. To oo this
 requires great deal of detailed study
 and skillful planning. Each step from
 the care and protection of the ,oung | growth o the numbering of maure for | est must be carefully considered
 and as carefully executed if the fores
 is to go on producing trees indefinitely.
 For each of the many line of work
 to be carried on in the forest, men l with special experience are required i Those who prepare and tend the nur-
 series must be experienced in raising I and caring for young trees. The lu-n-
 herman who cruises and estimates T timber helps to plan logging opera l tions and sees that he scaling is cor | rectly done. and that he rules for logging are properly observed. must be an experienced and capable woods
 man. The forest ranger patrols bis district of the forest to see that fire and trespass are prevented. that .he range is net oyergrazed, that logging
 regulations are enforced and that the I privileges granted by permit for fhe
 use of the various forest resources are not abused; he also must be hard headed. practical and thoroughly hon
 est, an able-bodied citizen of he west. Il Wltn pltull or SNEeEleucS III all Nnt
 pro blems with which lie may have to
 deal The trained foresters are usual
 ly forest school graduates. The,r
 training is somewhat paralled to that
 of the civil engineer, but particular at
 tention is paid the study of botany,
 to the life and growth of forests and
 to all that affects their development : and usefulness. Inaddition his scien- : tific training. the American trained forester must have abundant practical experience in the woods, on the
 range and in the mills. for he must have a thorough understanding of all conditions before attempting to work out system of good business mar agement of any forest.
 For the general administration of , the national forests the western half of the United States is divided into six
 districts, with headquarters at Mis- Nealos aidw rfaid wdwailyairlyrmb 2 soula. Mont; Denver. Colo; Albuquer- que, x. M-; Ogden, Utah; San Fran T cisco, Cal, and Portland, Ore.
 The object of the forest service IS l to foster proper use of the flores. -e- sources of the country, including pri- 1 vate and state as well as national for f ests Upon the latter every reource l is fer us in the bes interests of all i, citizens of the United States. Every , water power every piece of mineral , land every bit of grazing land CT Of
 good agricultural land Is for use, pro I vided it Is not required for public pur- poses. The remainder of the land ? which is forest Tis of course put 10 I the best use by the practice of for
 estry when 1t is made to produce as ! much timber as possible. In order ? that the administration may be most ? effective the various offices have been X stablishd at Washington and at the \ district headquarters. each in charge
 of trained and experienced men direct
 ing specialized lines of work.
 2 The office of operation attends Tn
 each district to the protection and ad- 9 m nistration of the national forest ; and employs engineers, expert miners l.. miners and foresters to inyesus sate s max surevys and maps and supervise + the building of telephone lines, trails.
 roads. bridges, ranger stations and h other permanent improvements
 k The office of grazing looks after the :, range. co-operates in the enforcement I of quarantine regulations and issues n permits by which the grazing of stock s within each national forest is so reg [ ulated as to improev rather tnan de- i stroy it's grazing capacity. IL studies
 the best means of reseeding the range e and conducts investigations and de- C vises means Of checking the growth !. of poisonous plants whicsi a.a jnju- | ricus to live stock.
 ' The office of silvercuIture makes 4 2 special study of the management or e timbered lands in order to make them l yield the largest permanent returns. ? It makes timber sales O ptne national 9 forests, pants trees on bare national 1 forest land. makes estimates and for d est working plans, investigates forest f conditions and all problems connected with the life and growth of tres and
 gives advice where possible tC Pri- < vate parties who are interested iI T sim lar lines of worK.
 0 The work of the cfics of products y is the determination O. al ways and r. means possible for utilizing wood and | timber in order to make the business 5, of forestry both econnniical and prcnt- ' abe. Marekts and wool using indus s tries everywhere are bong ,nvesti- r. gated. statistics O. forest products are |! beng collected and the comparative y strength of building timcbri wi,h Tcf' : erence to the'r use for various rur- 1 poses is being determined by accurate r scienI fic tests. fhe ctttce oi products 1. also makes a study of the best ways Y of preserving timba-s and co-opeIatss B. with private telephone companis. rail 3 roads and otiir tinhs-Usins interests