davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1909-06-19

grow better crops than they now dc
without spending one cent for nitro
gen. where now $25,OOO,OO is ex-
pended.
1t Is only a question of whether the
farmer will let nitrogen impoverisll
him or make 1t help enrich him. Can
any one conceive Of any good reason
for buying at 20 cents per pound
what he can get for nottingham
even get paid for taking? For the le-
gumes not only supply nitrogen, they
make the finest feed for all sorts of
stock; and II one-third the land plant
ed in cotton were each year devoted
to leguminous crops, in five years,
there would not only be more bales
of cotton made at much smaller
cost per bale. but there would also he
more and better live stock in the
South. better crops Of all kinds, few
er bills to pay for feed and supplies /"
more money coming in and less GO
ing out, richer farmers and a more
prosperous country.
The most prosperous farmers of the
South. almost without exception, get
their nitrogen by growing legumea:
the poorest ones get theirs from the
fertilizer bag. One way leads to pow
erty. the other leads to prosperity;
and 1t Is for each man to choose
which path he will travel.-Progres-
sive Farmer.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1909-06-19

cited showing that the increased
yields or crops grown after these leg
umes, are equal in value to the nitro
sen gathered. In fact, very frequent
l! the increase in the value OF the first
crop Immediately succeeding the
growth of the legumes is equal to the
estimated value of the nitrogen gath
cred, at commercial prices. More
OYER. the beneficial effects of a crop
or legumes plowed into the soil are
not confined to the first succeeding
crop, but are shown in the subsequent
crops for two or three years.
The following illustrations of the
practical or actual beneficial results
from the growth Of legumes are taken
almost at random from hundreds
which might be cited if space per-
nitted:
The North Carolina State Depart
rsat Of Agriculture found that q crop
OF bur clover increased the yield of
seed cotton 400 pounds per acre and
gave a net profit Of SIS.
The Mississippi Delta Branch Ex-
pertinent Station found that a crop Of
cowpeas in corn as a result OF two
years tests increased the yield of lint
cotton 10 pounds per acre, which
with cotton at 10 cents pound, gives
value Of s11 per acre from a crop
OF cowpeas grown in corn.
At the Alabama Experiment Sta
ton in four tests the average increase
in yield of seed cotton per acre in the
year Immediately following the plow-
ing in of cowpea and velvet bean
vines was SGT pounds.
At this same station one test with
corn gave an increase in the first crop
where velvet bean vines were plowed
in of 81 per cent or 1913 bushels.
When the vines of the cowpea and
velvet bean were utilized as hay and
only the roots and stubble left as fer
.ilizer, the increases in the first sue
ceeding crops were as follows:
20S pounds of seed cotton.
AZ bushels of corn.
%. bushels Of oats
6.7 bushels of wheat.
2.08 tons OF sorghum hay
At another experiment station the
yield Of corn Immediately following a
crop Of crimson clover was increased
from 35.7 bushels per acre to $751;
bushels, or over 54 per cent
With these facts, and hundreds of
others equally convincing before us.
why do we buy commercial nitrogen,
and why do we not grow more leg
umes? BY the use Of the summer
legumes for making hay to feed to
live stock, and the use of the winter
legumes for cover crops to plow un-
derby these and these alone-that
$500 More a Year is easily within
the reach Of the average Southern
farmer. Let's make it.-Progressive
Farmer.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1909-06-19
$500 MORE A YEAR FARMING:
HOW TO MAKE 1T.
BY Growing Your Own Nitrogen.

II any one need OF Southern soils
could he singled out as the greatest,
then unquestionably that greatest
need would be organic nitrogen-nf-
trogen supplied through the agency
of decaying vegetation. That nitro
ger Is needed on almost all our soils,
thousands Of experiments and almost
universal observation prove beyond
doubt That farmers recognize this
fact. Is also proved by the millions of
dollars annually spent in the pur-
chase Of commercial nitrogen. But
there Is 9 scarcely less important fact
which is not so generally recognized; !;
namely, that the most effective and
economical way of supplying this
needed organic nitrogen to our soils
u through the decay of legumes
grown on the land. This statement
must not be taken as a contradiction
OF our previous statements that the
greatest value is obtained from q le-
gume crop when 1t is consumed by
good live stock and the droppings re-
turned to the land. We have already
discussed that phase of the subject.
and In this article we propose to deal
with the obtaining Of nitrogen
through the growing of legumes.
When the nitrogen needed by our
soils Is obtained through decomposing
legumes there is supplied something
more than nitrogen-humus. This
humus Is not less necessary and will
as surely increase the production of
our soils by improving their physical
&C Cnditions. The growing of nitrogen,
or rather the growing of nitrogen.
gathering crops, therefore, supplies
the two needs Of our soils. which, TAX
en- together. unquestionably stand
| first in importance in any scheme OF
substantial or permanent soil inn
provement.
The rotting Of plants, as every one
/ KNOWS, Is nluCn Increased Dy neat dNC
moisture. These we have in abund-
| apce throughout the greater part OF
the South. We not only have longer
and warmer summers, but more rain
fall than in the northern and western
parts OF the Union. But this is no
all. After the nitrogen in our soils
has been made soluble we then have
period during which our lands are
left bare and are washed and leacheC
by heavy and frequent winter rains
whereas, i'm many sections of on
country the lack of moisture or th'
frozen soil reduces the losses Of nitro
gen from washing and teaching To ;
minimum.
For instance in tests extending oV
er a period Of ten years, made In NJ in
nesota where the summers are short
the rainfall comparatively light, am
the cold and snow sufficient to loci
the nitrogen I'm the frozen soil during
thc winter was found tl1- 'her'
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1909-06-19
Farmers Union News
Practical Thoughts for Practical Farmers
Conducted by E. W. Sumter


Wachman
semiweeky
The nrst to be and
Practical Farmers which my
the end
Also to publish clippings
ment Bulletins readers ORR
na articles by any Of readers telling
will be appreciated
Trusting this Department all concerned
tt
All communications department should be sent to E w pabb
Mayesvnle. IT,
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1909-06-19
Value of the Nitrogen. at 90 Cents a

Since from / 1-2 tons to tons OF
hay per acre is not an unusual yield
FOR these crops, the value of the nj
trogen gathered on an acre may De
safely estimated at from SO to $40.
The nitrogen in the stubble. roots
and fallen leaves of these crops may
vary from 10 to 25 per cent of that in
the hay. For instance, If two tons OF
cowpea hay be produced per acre.
containing nitrogen worth $2l.24,
there would probably he one-fourth
as much nitrogen, worth $5.31, left
i'm the roots. stubble and fallen leaves,
making the total value of the nitro
gen gathered in the growth of crop
Of two tons of cowpea hay $26.55.
Most Of this 1872 "a pounds nitrogen
wouid be gathered from the air.
1t would require about one ton of
cottonseed meal to supply an equal
amount Of nitrogen.
Some Actual Results.
To prove that the foregoing figures
Hrc not evageerations the result of a
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1909-06-19

tack of Heart Failure.
Darlington. June f6.-Mr. r. Rob-
ert James died here last night after
a few minutes illness. aged about fif-
,,-eight years.
Mr.. James was apparently In his
usual health yesterday and spent the
greater part OF the day with friends
iishinE In Black Creek. near town, re-
turning home about O'Clock In the
evening. Near midnight he was seix-
"a with a great pain about the heart
nnd rising from his bed In his room
On Pearl street he. without dressing,
except I'm his night clothes. slipped on
his bed room slippers and walked to
INC residence OF DIR. James NJ. Earle,
"a distance ot about four hundred
Yards. and asked that something be
done for him.
Dr. Earle Immediately rendered as
distance. but death followed In n few
minutes.
Coroner X. q. Parnell was notified
md after viewing the remains gave
Cornission to- have them removed tc
the home OF relations. and from there
hey viii he taken to Sumter tomor.
Tow morning for interment In the
.nniiy burial ground. near that place
sHr. Jn-9rs roe h"cn well kNOwn her.
ioT about twonty years. having come
mere from Sumter and entered busl.
ness with, his brother. the late j. NJ
James. For several years he wa,
proprietor OF the Darlington Hotel
out lately has conducted restaurant
ON Pearl street
Mr. James Is survived by his widow
and three children. all of them are
living I'm Atlanta. Ga.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1909-06-19
Hometown Nitrogen % Guide
Post 70 1880 Moro . Year
ga Farming.

fO9S 70 "~oQV MOro q Year
Farming.
Nitrogen Is one of the things we
must have II we grow crops; and II
we are to grow paying crops. we must
have more than most Of our soils
now contain Our cotton and grains
and grasses-all our crops. in fact.
except the legumes-remove nitrogen
from the soil; ond even more than
the crops remove Is washed and leach
cd away.
This. then. is the problem we are
up against: The already deficient
quantity Of nitrogen in our soils Is
continually being reduced by the
crops we remove and by the action
OF the elements. We must not only
keep up. we must increase the sup
ply before we can make the crops we
should. How are we to do this?
There are two ways: (l) We can
set II In commercial fertilizers. or
(2) we can get It by the growing of
lesuminous crops.
We have tried the fertilizer plan
that 10. we have tried the putting on
Of 4 to 9 pounds per acre, at cost OF
% cents or more q pound. to replace
that contained In the crops we took
on. In the seed of a cotton. crop
making $50 pounds Of lint to the acre
there will be about .6 pounds Of nj
trogen. This. at 20 cents. is worth
s3.20-much more than the farmer
gets for 1t. When ne puts on the land
500 pounds of 1922 goods he applies
cnly pounds Of nitrogen, which
costs him at least $1.20. and leaves
his land poorer by 10 pounds of nitro
gen than 1t was In the beginning. AS
Prof. Massey says: He sells the nj
trogen In his cotton seed at about 1C
cents a pound and buys back frac-
tion of 1t in commercial fertilizers al
20 cents" Then. II the land Is lef
bare till the next cotton crop Is plant
ed. the winter rains will wash ou
more nitrogen than the crops remove
The result of this method of tryins
| to supply nitrogen is shown In th'
low average yields of all staple crop
In the South. in the thousands o
acres OF land abandoned because the!
will no longer produce enough to pa,
for working them. i'm the low average
income and the consequent povert.
of southern farmers.
The second way to get this nee IS
sary nitrogen. the growing Of legu
minous crops. Is not an untrled way
The best farmers depend largely ol
IT, and there are few who have no
tried II at some time or other. Bu
n should be the rule and not the ex
ception. No Southern farmer shoul
need To buy any nitrogen In CONNER
cial fertilizers, except for specia
crops or under special condition
where a quick acting form is needed
The picture and letter printed here
with show how this may be don,
Crimson clover I'm the winter an
cowpeas In the summer. these tw
crops-not necessarily following eac
: ether. ordinarily they should not
wouid. lt properly used. in hV. yeaf
z
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1909-06-19

Work on the new water main on
West Liberty street has been complet-
ed and work on the Oakland Ave.
line is well under way A main will
also be laid on West Bartlette street
from Council street to Edwards.
When the extension of the water
mains In this section OF the city have
been completed 1t will have as good
water service and fire protection as
enjoyed by any other part of the city.
Twelve fire hydrants will be located
on the mains and every house in that
part of town will be within reach of a
water main and not more than 500
feet from q hydrant
There is TO doubt obout there hay-
ing been too much rain during the
past few days for the crops. The con-
tinuance Of this rainy season viii in
3ure the crops seriously and an al
ready poor prospect will be made
worse.
The dog pound is doing business
again, and there are several dogs on
hand for. ransom by owners or exc
cution by the official dog killer.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1909-06-19

Buy goods at wholesale prices. Get
any quantity you want at Shaw & Nc
ColIum's.
6-17-1t.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1909-06-19

Sanders Cain, an industrious and
prosperous cOlored farmer Of Mayes-
Vile, sends a cotton blossom which
he plucked from his farm Thursday.
He says, I'VE are coming"
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1909-06-19
Cost Sale

at Shaw & McCollum Mer. Co., Tues
day, Wednesday and Thursday, 22nd
to Gath.
6-17-1t.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1909-06-19

Ths Sumter watchman was found
ed In 1850 and the True southron In
isee. The Waterman and southron
now has the combined circulation and
innusnce Of both OF the old papers.
sad = manifsstly the best advertising
r4seism In Sumter.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1909-06-19

eoSom IN sumter.
President Taft 10 said to be a good
r<An and probably is. but that he is
bettsr Republican Is not open to ques-
tion- He In party man first of all
ana win not interfere with the AID
rich tariR bill nor will he counten-
snce the efforts OF insurgent Republi-
cans and Democrats to enact an in
some tan bill. Yes. Taft Is a good
party man all right and fits his job
20 nicely. Therefore why should
sstr~yed Democrats expect him to
torn new partyg
Aiken County has embarked In the
homicide business on a wholesale
icas and the anti -dispensary cam
I'azgners viii have lots Of ammuni-
slon for use In that County. They
van probably nnd It convenient to for
see that several OF the dry counties
hsvesa homicide record almost az bad
IS AIKEN. For instance. there have
heen . greater number of homicides
M Clarendon County since the diapen-
ssry Was voted out than for two or
fllres years prior thereto.
The municipal election is nine
months distant. yet some citizens are |
already discussing probable and avail
able candidates for mayor and alder
'rsn Il is rather early to select can |
'tdates bat discussion can do no |
hsfm. The next Council viii have a |
dfncult task to perform II they are |
rllled spon to administer the city's
'lffirs without the income from the
a spsssasv TO help grease the wheels
o' Dresrsss.
me ANIMAL discussion Of the sins
Of income tax dodsins rich men has
run IL course and We saall hear no /
mofs about y until next rear.
WHAT'S the uss of having . substan-
f'i't' Income e you can't dodge the tax
sisa,srerf
Tue fact that Charleston n one and
half degrees cooler than sheol u
ns subject Of daily than ksgivins and
eonsrHsu'stion. Sumter u fairly
~~r-h IN scots. but our pnople are too
100 10 say much about II.
IN we are to have a prttective isriR |
os all. why not have tariff on every
ssnels article grown. mind. msnufac-
turtd or produced in tiny manner |
wbatsover In these United states'
sanA . sariR would bs farsr and Jus
ser'than tarsG that projects only ia
vortd classes.
What would hapspn Il Hub Evans
should turn States evidence and tell !
al ~ kHsws about the i,tsts dispsn-
ssryy And that reminds us that
ro mention has been made Of Hub |
Evsns' name In connection with the
Investigation.
We can't set over John Bell Tow
iirs fail for We knew him well and
liked him when the Y. M. c. A. was
hb line Of business.
SUDDEN DEATH AT DARLINGTON
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1909-06-19

will pay good prices for
Teams to haul logs by the thou
sand feet. Cash once a week. Ad-
dress ]. W. Jackson. 6-17-2wks.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1909-06-19

WANTED-Highest cash price paid
for Long and Short Leaf Pine Logs
Address j. w. Jackson, Sumter.
3. c. 6-17-2wks.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1909-06-19

The remains OF Mr.. James were
taken TO the Pitts burial ground In the
Jordan neighborhood on Thursday
ind the intorment was made this az
.srnoon
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1909-06-19

WANTED-To hire three four-nnule
logging teams to haul by the thous-
and. Will pay cash once week.
Address ]. w. Jackson, Sumter, S.
c. W&S2wks-4t
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1909-06-19

Flour, "a lbs. soc.
Rice s 1-3c Qrt.
Hams 10c pound.
Sugar 5 lac pound.
Vinegar 5 lac Qrt.
Meat lie per pound.
4 #. Cord Wood $2.25.
Rooms to rent.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1909-06-19

We can't set over John Bell Tow
iirs fail. for We know him well an
liked him when the Y. M. c. A. wa
hb line Of business.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1909-06-19

rhs ANIMAL discussion Of tho Gins
Of income tax dodsins rich men has
run ~ course and We saall hear no
'nofs about y until next rear.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1909-06-19

Whist would hapspn Il Hub Evan
should turn States evidence and tel
al ~ kasws about the i,tsts dispsn
ssryy And that reminds ~ tina
ro mention has been made Of HUI
Evsng name In connection with tn
anvsstisasson.
The watchman and southron. [volume] (Sumter, S.C.) 1881-1930, 1909-06-19

anSrs the uss Of having . substan-
fiilll Income if you can't dodge the tax
sisel,srerf
Der Deutsche correspondent. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1848-1918, 1909-10-08

gbrengalten, oil lueld)e Ginlaoungei
ergongcn iinb, beianoen iid Ser Gice
Tr1libent Sberman, Sr. Sreberid q
Goof unb Der Sartreter Sopan's 5ul
Subion. on-Seier, Erin5 auni
gi,d Der GnroinoI Gibbons bate ocI>
oltcn aricgern periprodJcn, iih lud6-
reno bcs gbcnbs cin5lliinoen.
Ib II der mad Niogoro,
Gic Sffi5i;rc uno Sccfooetten ben
9. 90. e.. .Siftorio Scuiie" merocl
mad 9ecnoigunn Ser Suoion.6 Sutton
Seller in biciigcr Stoot cillen gIll$
flllg nod ocn Niagaro TGacn inter.
ncbmcn, che lic bos 0oitlid)e anlcrifo'
niidc @cltooc perloiicn. Gie @eieI.'
id)oit miro untcr Siibrung BON Gopi,
tim, lieutenant Shncibcr om Som.
Itog Den 3. IS. Mts., ollf Der sc
bigb Goaep Giic1babn" Oic Triic oil.
trctcn ullo ollf oericlbcn 2iric am 8.
Sfto6cr 5llrilffebren.
Der Deutsche correspondent. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1848-1918, 1909-10-08
Netagtes Gbcpaar critift.

Ebilooclp1ia a. 1. Sftober. -
gapio adermalrl uno icine Satin.
iveld)c iiiniSig Sabre 5uiammen II,
sliidlifer Gle lebten, w,lroen belte
friib ais 2eidjen I'M Nett geiunoen.
Sic morcn I'M 2aufe Ser Haht olird)
Gthotbmch bon 2eud)tgas crltidt.
Scr &onn, pelder iid per etlideE
Sabren bon ieinem @cId)1ft Siiriid-
Ge5oacn bate, mar offenbar in Der
Mabt mligeitauoen, I'M cine Ioiis
Mtcoi5ln ein5unebmen, mo bate
oenn ons @as, oils CT oalie,be OBJ
erebtc, 5uidais pieoer aiaebrebt. Sr.
Adermarm mar 72 mlb Die Srau 76
Sabre alt. Sn Der ndhlten @ode
'uoIltc ons Gbcpaor oem So. Sobrcs.
tos leiner Sod5eit ieiern.
Der Deutsche correspondent. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1848-1918, 1909-10-08
Sermiidte telssrapbiide 9epeid)sn.
10

= Mitalieoer Der .Gcieaidnft Oct
SOfter Der Mmerifaniiden Aepolll.
ton" babe,, oas Yoitamt +. Gepartc-
lnent iii @aibingtcoti eriud)t, auf ei-
ne Der Yriefmarfen Das Bib Mnr-
tia 0aibington's 5i iesen. Nabr-
iheinIid, miro bus Tepartement Die
IL Gents : Dlarfe tpGblen.
SSSm @ahrlemalin +. SoipitaI at
YbiIaoelpbia bot man bel ben, ~.
iobrisen Sames Eaiunep. Der iid bel
eiilen Stir5 ons Miifurat gebrohem
Ebntte, ben beid1aigten lbeil oes
Miiderutes bird cine Operation ent.
fernt. Tie Operation iOIl 9elitnaeis
ieim.
Sic 9eaislatint hes Stnates 81
linois bat enc @eltSpOridBe otiae-
non1m,en, oer5ufeIse III ben offentli-
ten Sdnleu ein ltnterrthts 8nr.
Jus iiber Die bintone D~ebnnoIlutg Der
96iere eingefiibrt wcrpei, tnnb. 2eb-
rer; ibelhc iid se9en ods @cles Der.
eeben, ionen nit einem fiinfprooenti.
gen abSus BON ibren, nrondflidea
Galair beitroft 'ineroef.
Cir Sobn 2ipton, Der befanntc
iriide Sportsmanli, miro iidb 'onl 8.
Oftober hon GasIano stad ben Der.
Staoten einfdiffen, nm tpomoelid
cine nellt ititerfationale Se9elregatta
init Stm New-a)crfer yudt.gIub gu
atroneiren.
The Taney County republican. (Forsyth, Mo.) 1895-1992, 1909-09-23
Pob1ic Sales.

It seems that quite a few are get.
ting ready to sell out and leave the
country. In the next two weeks there
are four public sales billed. If you
want to buy any thing now is certainly
your chance.
The first one is tomorrow, Friday
Sept. d, when w. ]. Grim holds his
sale at his place miles west of Swan
postofice. He has some good horses,
mules colts, farm implements and
household goods.
On Monday, Sept. 27, S. A. Kellar
will sell his property consisting of cows,
hogs and some extra good household
furniture at his place, known as the
Haslip farm, l mile south of Taney-
vile.
One of the biggest sales of the year
will be the Stolpe sale on Tuesday,
Sept. 2S. They have a good lot of
horses, cattle, farming implements,
households, etc. The Stolpe farm is
D miles west of Swan.
Oct. 5 ]. w. Armstrong will sell his
personal property at his place ID mile
west of Swan.
M. c. Grant is the auctioneer at
each of these sales, which is guaran-
tee that everything will be conducted
on the square.
The Taney County republican. (Forsyth, Mo.) 1895-1992, 1909-09-23
TANEY CITY STORE.

HARDWARE, the largest best and
most varied assortment in the county,
everything needed by the farmers,
such as implements, tools, wire, fenc-
ing, nails, horse shoes, guns, ammuni-
ton and etc.
Everything needed in the house,
stoves, ranges, lamps, kitchen furni-
ture, granite iron ware, tin ware, queens
ware, wood ware, table furniture,
scissors, pocket cutlery and ETC., in
great variety. Everything for the
builder and carpenter, including locks,
bolts, hinges, screws, windows, doors,
screens, roofing and carpenters tools
of all kinds. An honest trade is the
noblest work of the merchant.
JNO. T. DICKINSON. Dickens, Mo.
The Taney County republican. (Forsyth, Mo.) 1895-1992, 1909-09-23
DICKENS.

Joe Dilks went to Springfield last
week with a wagon load of hogs.
Mr.. and Mrs. Merrill returned from
Springfield Friday after visiting thier
daughter, Mrs. Ida Wood.
The shower has improved the roads.
Judging by the vehicles passing, there
must be good deal of travel through
the county.
Sam Wilkey, from Hermitage, Mo-,
is visiting his sister, Mrs. Marion
league. While here he will put up a
government slab at his fathers grave,
near Protein.
A number from here saw the big
show at Springfield last week, including
B. ]. Butler, John Morrow and family,
Emma Grant, Mrs. Ingram, Fate Ingram
and Surveyor Smell and family.
Friday was the saddest day that Ta-
ney City has seen for many days. The
day was darkened beyond description,
by the death of our dear friend and
neighbor. Mrs. E. Liebhart.
Mr.. Roy Brown and family from
Gas, Kansas, came Friday evening in
answer to telegram informing them
of the illness of Mrs. Browns mother,
Mrs. Liebhart. They did not arrive
until after her death.