davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Salt Lake herald-Republican. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1909-1918, 1909-12-08

changed circumstances Of the United
States and of the republics to the south
of us. most of which have great natural
resources, stable government and progress
y sive ideals, the apprehension OF =
y which gave rise to the Monroe doc =
= trine, may be said TO have nearly Z
: disappeared. and neither the doc =
, trine as it exists nor any other doc =
y trine of American policy should be =
+ permitted to operate for the perpetu- =
= alton Of irresponsible government =
= the escape Of just obligations or the =
: insidious allegation of dominating y
; ambitions on the part of the United :
= States. =
Beside the fundamental doctrines Of
our pan-American policy there have
grown up a realization of political inter
ests, community of Institutions and ideals,
and a Furnishing commerce. All these
bonds will be greatly strengthened as time
goes on, and increased facilities such as
the great bank soon to be established In
Latin America, supply the means for
building up the colossal inter-continental
commerce of the future.
The Salt Lake herald-Republican. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1909-1918, 1909-12-08
Importance of
Proper Support.

In modern times political and CONNER
cial interests are inter-related, and in the
negotiation Of commercial treaties, con-
VenuOns and tariff agreements, the keep
ing open of opportunities and the proper
support of American enterprises our dip
lOmatic service is quite as important as
the consular service to the business in-
terests or the country. Impressed with
this idea and convinced that selection af-
ter rigorous examination, promotion for
merit solely and the experience only to De
gained through the continuity of an or
ganized service are Indispensable to a
high degree Of efficiency in the diplo-
matte service, I have signed an executive
order as the first step toward this de-
sirable result. Its effect should be to
place all secretaries in the diplomatic
service in much the same position as con-
sular officers are now placed. and TO
tend to the promotion of the most efficient
to the grade Of minister, generally leav-
ing for outside appointment such posts OF
the grade Of ambassador or minister as
II may be desired TO fill from without the
service. It is proposed also to continue
the practice instituted last summer of giV-
ing to all newly appointed secretaries at
least one months thorough training in
the department Of state before they pro-
coed TO their posts This has been done
for some time in regard to the consular.
with excellent results.
= Under a provision Of the act OF ,
= August 8, 1903, / have appointed three y
OAlAllclo 10 ASSIST Lll1 Objects OF Llt- =
= government in collecting Information =
= necessary to a wise administration =
y Of the tariff act of August 8. 1909. =
Z As 20 questions of customs admins e
= tratiOn they are cooperating with >
= the officials of the treasury depart-t-
= ment, and as to matters Of the needs >
, and the eXigencies Of our maHufac- >
= turers and exporters with the depart--r
= ment Of commerce and labor in its re- =
y latiOn to the domestic aspect of the =
: subject of foreign commerce. In the >
= study Of foreign tariff treatment >
= they will assist the bureau of trade =
= relation Of the department of state =
= 1t is thus hoped to coordinate and =
! bring 70 bear upon this most impOr- =
= tant subject all the agencies of the =
= government which can contribute =
> anything to it's efficient handling. >
AS a consequence Of section 2 Of the
tariff act Of August 8, 1909, it becomes the
duty Of the secretary Of STATE to so con-
duct diplomatic business as to place him
IN a position to advise me whether any
particular country unduly discriminates
against the United States in the statute
referred to. The great scope and com
plexity of this work, as well as the OBJ
legation to lend all proper aid to our ex-
panding commerce, is met by the eXpan-
sion Of the bureau Of trade relations as
set forth in the estimates for the depart
ment Of state
The Salt Lake herald-Republican. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1909-1918, 1909-12-08
Bond Issue for
Panama Canal

The policy of paying for the coustruc-
ton of the Panama canal, not out 0f
current revenue but by bond issue. was
adopted I'm the 5DO0ner act of 1902; and
there seems to be no good reason FOR de-
parting from the principle by which a
part at least of the burden of the cost OF
the canal shall fail upon cur pOsteritv
who are to enjoy it, and there is all th8
more reason for this view because tho
actual cost TO date of the canal, which
U.s. now half done, and which viii be COM
plated January j. 1915. shows that tho
cost of engineering and constructing viii
be S57.765Ol0. instead of Sl39.I05.zl0 as
originally estimated. In addition TO en-
cheering and construction the other eN-
penses, including sanitation and govern
ment and the amount paid for the prop
critics, the franchise and the privilege OF
building the canal, increase the cost Dv
S75,s35,0l0 to more than S3I52J,0l0. The
increase I'm the cost Of engineering and
construction is due TO a substantial en-
largement of the plan Of construction by
widening the canal 100 feet iu the CuiebrI
cut and by increasing the dimensions Of
the locks, TO the underestimate of the
quantity OF the work to be done and the
original plan, and TO an underestimate OF
the cost of labor and materials both ar
which have greatly enhanced I'm price
since the original estimate was made,
The Salt Lake herald-Republican. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1909-1918, 1909-12-08
Peace Conference
Held at The Hague.

The second peace conference recently
held at The Hague adopted convention
for the establishment or an inter-
national prize court, upon the joint
States France, Germany and Great
Britain. The law TO be observed by
the tribunal in the decision of prize cases
was. however, left in an uncertain and
therefore unsatisfactory state. Article
seven Of the convention provided that the
court was to be governed by the pro-
visions of treaties existing between the
beligererts. but that in the absence or
such provisions the court shall apply the
rules Of International law. III no general
~ recognized rule exists the court
shall give Judgment in accordance with
the general principles OF justice and
equity. AS, however, many questions in
international maritime law are under
stood differently in different countries, II
was deemed advisable not TO intrust
legislative powers TO the proposed court,
but 20 determine the rules Of law prop
erly applicable In q conference OF the
repres sentative maritime nations.
Pursuant to an invitation Of Great
Britain conference was held at London
from December ., 1905 to February %,
1909, in which the following powers par
tiCipated;
The United States. Hungary,
France Germany Great Britain, Italy,
Japan. The Netherlands Russia and
Spain. The conference resulted in the
declaration of London unanimously
agreed 10 and signed by the participating
powers concerning among other matters.
the highly important subjects Of block
ade, cOntraband, the destruction of neu-
tral prizes, and continuous voyages.
The declaration of London is an emil
nentiy satisfactory codification of the in
ternatiOnal maritime law, and it is hoped
that its reas0nableness and fairness viii
secure its general adoption, as well as
remove one of the difficulties standing
IN the way of the establishment Of an
international prize court.
The Salt Lake herald-Republican. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1909-1918, 1909-12-08
Pan-Annerican
Diplomacy.

One Of the happiest events in recent
Pan-American diplomacy was the paclIlc,
independent settlement by the govern
ments of Bolivia and Peru OF bOun-
dairy difference between them, which Tor
some weeks threatened to cause war, ana
even to entrain embitterments aILectlng
other republics less directly concerned
From various quarters, directly or lndi-
rectly concerned the INTERPRETATION OF
the United States was sought to assist
, in a solution of the controversy. De-
= string at all times to abstain from ?
y any undue mlngllng in the attairS OF ,
= sister republics and having faith In =
= the ability Of the governments or
= Peru and Bolivia themselves to set =
4 tie their differences in d manner
= satisfactory to themselves, WHlCu
= viewed with magnanimity, would as =
: SAUCE all enlightenment, this govern =
, ment steadily abstained from being Z
> drawn into the controversy, and was =
= much gHatified to find its confidence
: justified by events.
On the 9Th of July next there will open
at BuenOs Ayres the fourth Pan-American
conference. This conference will have
special meaning to the hearts Of all
Americans. because around its date are
clustered the anniversaries of the indie
pendenCe of so many Of the American
republics. 1t is not necessary for me to
remind the congress of the political, SO
ciaI and commercial importance of these
gatherings. You are asked to make nb-
eral appropriation for our participation.
If this be granted, it is my purpose TO
appoint a distinguished and representa-
tive delegation. qualified fittingly to rep
resent this country and to deal with the
problems of inter-continental interest
which will there be discussed.
The Argentine Republic will also hold
from May to November 1910, at BuenOs
Ayres, a great international agricultural
exhibition in which the United States
has been invited to participate. COnsId-
ering the rapid growth of the trade of
the United States with the Argentine Re
public and the cordial relations existing
between the two nations, together with
to show Difference to a sister republic
on the occasion of the celebration Of it's
national independence, the proper depart
ments Of this government are taking
steps to apprise the interests concerned
of the opportunity afforded by this ex-
hibition. in which appropriate participa-
ton by this country is so desirable. The
designation of an official representative
is also receiving consideration.
The Salt Lake herald-Republican. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1909-1918, 1909-12-08
Expenditures
and Revenues.

Perhaps the most important question
presented to this administration is that
Of economy of expenditures and suf-
ficiency OF revenue. The deficit of the
last fiscal year. and the certain deficit
Of the current year prompted congress to
throw q greater responsibility upon the
executive and the secretary Of the treas
ury than had heretofore been declared by
statute. This declaration imposes upon
the secretary Of the treasury the duty Of
assembling ali the estimates of the execu-
tive departments, bureaus and offices, Of
the expenditures necessary I'm the ensu-
ing fiscal year, and of making an esti-
mate of the revenues Of the government
for the same period; and If a probable de-
ficit is thus shown it is made the duty of
the President to recommend the method
by which such deficit can be met
The report OF the secretary shows that
the ordinary expenditures for the current
fiscal year ending June 90 1910. Will exc
coed the estimated receipts by S34.075 $40.
If to this deficit is added the sum to bs
disbursed for the Panama canal, amount
ing to SSS,O0Q,e00, and s. 100000 To be paid
The Salt Lake herald-Republican. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1909-1918, 1909-12-08
Legislation
Comes High

II has been impossible in the prepare
lions Of estimates greatly to reduce tho
cost of permanent legislation This Cau-
not be done without a thorough 0rgani58-
ton Of the bureaus, offices and depart
ments. For the purpose Of securing in-
formation which may enable the executive
and the legislative branches To unite iu
plan for the permanent reduction of the
cost of governmental administration. the
treasury department has instituted am
investigation By one Of the most skilled
expert accountants I'm the United States.
The result Of his work in two OF threa
bureaus, which, IL extended 10 the entire
government must occupy two ore moro
wears, has been to show much room for
Improvement and opportunity for substlu-
tial reductions I'm the cost and increased
efficiency of administration. The object
Of the Investigation is to devise means
to increase the average efficiency of each
emplOye- There is great room for im-
prOVement toward this end, not only by
the reorganization of bureaus and de-
partments and ia the avoidance Of durli-
cation. but also I'm the treatment OF the
individual amuI0va
The Salt Lake herald-Republican. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1909-1918, 1909-12-08
Progress Being
Made by Turkey.

His Majesty Mehmed V, sultan of Tur-
cial embassy to announce his accession.
The quick transition of the government
of the Ottoman empire from one Of retro
grade tendencies to a constitutional gov
eminent, with a parliament and with
lie Improvement, is one Of the important
phenomena of our times Constitutional
government seems also to have made
further advance IN Persia. These events
have turned the eyes of the world upon
the near east. In that quarter the pres
tige of the United States has spread
widely through the peaceful influence Of
American schools, universities and mis-
sionaries. There is every reason why we
should obtain a greater share Of the COM
merce OF the near east. since the cOndi-
The Salt Lake herald-Republican. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1909-1918, 1909-12-08
Superior Ability
Is Not Encouraged.

Under the present system it constantly
happens that two employees receive the
same salary when the work of one Is far
more difficult and important and exact
ing than that of the other. Superior
ability Is not rewarded OF encouraged. AS
the classification is now entirely by sale
airy, an empiOye often rises to the high-
est class while doing the easiest work
for which alone he may be fitted An
investigation ordered by my predecessor
resulted i'm the recommendation that the
civil service be recIassiGed according to
the kind of work SO that the work re-
curing most application and knowledge
and ability shall receive most cOmpensa-
ton. ] believe such a change would ba
faireT to the whole force and would per-
manently improve the personnel Of tho
service
More than this, every reform directed
toward the improvement OF the averages
efficiency of government employees must
depend upon the ability Of the executive
Continued on page elk
The Salt Lake herald-Republican. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1909-1918, 1909-12-08
Eradication Of
the Opium Evil.

The results Of the opium conference
held at Shanghai last spring, at the in
vitation of the United States, have been
laid before the government The report
shows that China is making remarkable
progress and admirable efforts toward
the eradication of the opium evil and
that the governments concerned have not
allowed their commercial interests to in
terfere with a helpful cooperation In
this reform. Collateral investigations Of
the opium question in this country lead
me to recommend that the manufacture.
sale and use OF opium and its derivates
In the United States. so far as possible,
be more vigorously controlled by legis-
latiOn.
In one Of the Chinese-Japanese conven-
The Salt Lake herald-Republican. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1909-1918, 1909-12-08
ECONOMY ONE Of
Chief KEYNOTES
President Desires to Decrease
the Expenditures of the
Government.
ADVOCATES SHIP SUBSIDY
SEPARATE STATEHOOD FOR NEW
MEXICO AND ARIZONA URGED.

Washington, Dec. President VIII
liam II. TAFT sent his first regular
message to congress today as follows;
To the Senate and House Of Represen-
tatives:
The relations Of the United States with
all foreign governments have continued
upon the normal basis Of amity and good
Understanding and are very generally sat
Pursuant to the provisions of the gen
eral treaty Of arbitration concluded be-
tween the United States and Great
Britain April 4. 1903, special agreement
was entered into between the two coun-
tries ON January q, 1909, for the SuDm1s-
sion of questions relating TO the fisher
les on the north Atlantic coast 10
tribunal TO be formed from members OF
the permanent court Of arbitration at
The Hague,
in accordance with the provisions Of
the special agreement, the printed case
of each government was, on October 3,
last, submitted to the other and TO the
arbitral tribunal at The Hague, and the
counter case of the United states is now
in course of preparation.
The American rights under the fisher
les article of the treaty OF 1915 have been
a cause of difference between the United
States and Great Britain for nearls sew
enty years. The interests involved are OF
great Importance to the American flsh-
ing industry and the final settlement or
the controversy viii remove source or
constant irritation and complaint This
is the first case involving such great in
ternatioual questions which has been
submitted to the permanent court or ar
bitration al The Hague.
The treaty between the United states
and Great Britain concerning the Cam
adian international boundary concluded
April II, 1905, authorizes the appointment
of two commissioners to define and mark
accurately the International boundary line
between the United States and the DOmin-
ion Of Canada in the waters of the Pas
samaQuoddy bay and provides for the
exchange of briefs within the period OF
six months. The briefs were duly pre-
scented within the prescribed period, but
as the commissioners failed to agree with
i'm six months after the exchange OF the
printed statements, as required by the
treaty il has now become necessary 70
resort to the arbitration provided for in
the article
The Salt Lake herald-Republican. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1909-1918, 1909-12-08
Patience at
Last Exhausted.

= I need not rehearse here the pa :
= tient efforts of this government to =
. promote peace and welfare among =
, these republics, efforts which are =
= fully appreciated by the majority =
= of them who are loyal 10 thelF ?
: true interests, 1t would be no =
: less unnecessary to Tehearse here =
y the sad tale of uuspeakable par =
= barities and oppression alleged TO =
= have been committed by the Lela- =
; van government Recently two =
= Americans were put to death by =
= order Of President Zelaya him :
> self. =
There were officers in the organ
lied forces of a revolution which
had continued many weeks and was
in control Of about half of the republic,
and as such, according to the modern
enlightened practice of civilized ma
tiOns, they were entitled to be dealt
with as prisoners Of war
At the date VIII this message IS
printed. this government has terminated
diplomatic relations with the Zelaya gov
eminent for reasons made public in a
communication to the former Nicaraguan
charge d affaiTes, and is intending to take
such future steps as may be found most
consistent with its dignity, its duty TO
Am 2riCan interests and its moral Obiiga-
lions TO Central America and to civiliza-
ton. It may be necessary for me to bring
this subject to the attention Of the con-
gTess in q snecial message.
The international bureau Of Ameri-
can republics has carried on an impor-
tant and increasing work during the
last year. In the exercise OF its pecu-
liar functions as an international
agency. maintained by all the American
republics for the development of PAN
American commerce and friendship, 1t
has accomplished q great practical good
which could be done in the same way
by no individual department or bureau
of one government and Is therefore de-
serving of your liberal support.
The fact that it is about to enter a
new building, erected through the mu-
niffcence of an American philanthropy
ist and the contributions Of all the
American nations. where both its eff
ficiency Of administration and expense
of maintenance viii naturally be much
augmented, further entities it TO spe-
cia1 consideration.
The Salt Lake herald-Republican. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1909-1918, 1909-12-08
Conference on
Maritime Law.

Under the authority given in the sundry
civil appropriation act, approved March 4,
1909, the United states was represented at
law at Brussels. The conference met on
the 18th Of September last. and resulted
IN the signature ad referendum Of a con-
ventiOn for the unification of certain reg
uiations with regard 10 maritime assist
ance and salvage and convention for the
unificaton OF certain rules with regard
TO collisions at sea
The new projects Of conventions which
have not heretofore been considered in a
The Salt Lake herald-Republican. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1909-1918, 1909-12-08
No Report From
Cabinet Premier.

have thus in some dstau described
the important transactions OF tha
state department since the begin
ming of this administration Tor
he reason thst there IS no provision.
either statute or custom, FOR a formal
report by the secretary Of state 10 tho
President or TO congress, and a prasi-
Dental message is the only means by
which the conditions Of our foreign re-
lations is brought TO the attention OK
congress and the public.
Tn dealing with the affairs Of the other
departments, the heads of which all sub
NIT annual reports, ] shall touch only
those matters that seem TO me to call FOR
such mention on my part without
minimizing in any way the rec0mmeHda-
tiOus made by them for legislation affect
ing their respective departments, fin ali
of which I wish TO express my general
concurrence.
The Salt Lake herald-Republican. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1909-1918, 1909-12-08

and have avoided, so far as possible,
any semblance Of interference, al
though it is very apparent that the
considerations of geographic proximity
to the canal zone and of the very sub
stantiaI American interests in Central
America give to the United states a
special position in the zone Of these re-
publics and the caribbean sea.
The Salt Lake herald-Republican. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1909-1918, 1909-12-08
PROSECUTION Of
THE SUGAR FRAUDS
President Says That Uncle Sam
will Punish Ait Con-
Cerned in Them.
NO TARIFF WAR LIKELY
SPECIAL MESSAGE ON MILITARY
MATTERS is PROMISED.

on the public debt. the deficit Of ordinary
receipts and expenditures VIII be iH-
creased TO a total deficit of E3075, 62)
This deficit the secretary proposes to
meet by the proceeds Of bonds issued 90
pay the cost of constructing the Panama
canal I approve this proposal
The Salt Lake herald-Republican. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1909-1918, 1909-12-08

lions are more favorable now than ever
before.