Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1908-12-08
PRESIDENTS MESSAGE.

W 15NAuBtOus OcN' O. IL 80
TO congress, read to the two nouses'
the president said:
The financial standing Of the nation
at the present time is excellent anu
she financial management OF the ma
lions interests by the government dur
sno the last seven years has shown the
most satisfactory results. But our
currency system is imperfect, and It
Is earnestly to be hoped that the cur
rencv commission viii be able to pro-
pose a thoroughly good system which
will do away with the existing defects.
During the period from July ], 1901,
10 Sept. 30, 1905 there has been net
surplus Of nearly one hundred millions
OF receipts over expenditures, reduc-
lion of the interest bearing debt by
ninety millions, in spite Of the extraor-
binary expense of the Panama canal
and saving Of nearly nine millions
on the annual interest charge. This is
an exceedingly satisfactory showing.
There has been reduction OF taxa
lion.
Corporations.
/. AS regards the great corporations en-
gagged in interstate business, and espe-
cially the railroads, 1 can only repeat
what ] have already again and again
said In my messages TO the congress.
1 believe that under the interstate
clause Of the constitution the United
States has complete and paramount
oil afronQfao nf inter-
Btate commerce, and 1 believe that the
national government alone can exer-
else this right with wisdom and ef-
Rectiveness SO as both to secure justice
from and to do justice to the great
rorporations which are the most i'm
portant factors in modern business.
believe that It is worse than folly to
attempt to prohibit all combinations,
as is done by the Sherman antitrust
law. because such a law can be en-
forced only imperfectly and unequal
~. and its enforcement works almost
as much hardship as good i strongly
advocate that instead Of an unwise
effort to prohibit all combinations there
shall be substituted O law which shall
expressly permit combinations which
are I'm the interest Of the public, but
shall at the same time give to some
agency OF the national government full
mower OF control and supervision over
them. One of the chief features OF
This control should be securing entire
publicity In all matters which the pub
lie has a right TO know and, further
more. the power not by judicial but
by executive. action to prevent or put
sion to every form Of improper IA
Voritism or other wrongdolng.
TIE railways of the country should
be nut completely under the interstate
commerce commission and removed
from the domain Of the antitrust law.
The power Of the commission should
be made thoroughgoing, so that 1t
rould exercise complete supervision
and control over the issue Of securities
as well as over the raising and lower
Ing of rates. AS regards rates, at least
this power should be summary. Pow
OF TO make combinations and traffic
agreements should be explicitly con-
ferred upon the railroads, the permits
sion Of the commission being nrst
gained and the combination or agree
ment being published in all its de-
tails. The interests Of the sharehold-
ers. Of the employees and Of the ship
pers should all be guarded as against
one another. To give any one OF them
Undue and improper consideration is
TO do Injustice to the others. Rates
must be made as low as is compatible
with giving proper returns TO all the
EMPLOYEES Of the railroad, from the
highest to the lowest, and proper re-
turns to the shareholders, but they
must not for instance be reduced IN
such fashion as to necessitate a cut
in the wages Of the employees or the
abolition of the proper and legitimate
profits Of honest shareholders.
Telegraph and telephone companies
engaged in interstate business should
be put under the jurisdiction Of the in
terstate commerce commission.
Ample Rewards For intelligence.
It is to the interest Of all Of us that
there should be a premium put upon
Individual initiative and individual ca
Oacity and an ample reward for the
great directing intelligences alone COM
petent TO manage the great business
operations of today 1t is well to keep
In mind that exactly as the anarchist
is the worst enemy Of liberty and the
reactionary the worst enemy Of order
so the men who defend the rights Of
property have most to fear from the
kyrOngdoers Of great wealth, ana the
men who are championing popular
rights have most to fear from the
hemagogues who in the name of popu-
lar rights would do wrong to and OPP
press honest business men, honest men
Of wealth, for the success Of either
type OF wrongdoer necessarily invites
violent reaction against the cause
the wrongdoer nominally upLolds
The opposition to government con-
troll Of these great corporations makes
its most effective effort in the shape
of an appeal TO the old doctrine OF
states rights.
The proposal to make the national
government supreme over, and there
fore to give it complete control over,
the railroads and other instruments OF
interstate commerce is merely pro-
posal to carry out to the letter one OF
the prime purposes, IL not the prime