davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington herald., 1908-05-31

to protest against our recognition OF the
republic OF Panama when II was newly
formed out OF Colombian territory He
protested valiantly enough and courteous
Fly enough. but in vain. This was in 1903.
The next year he became President OF
Colombia. and the following year he de-
clared himself dictator.
Like most Of the South American presi-
dents, he is splendidly educated, and he
Is probably the handsomest OF the pres
idents 70 the south OF Us. Tall and dark,
with a figure as straight as an arrow,
an aquiline nose eyes that can pierce
and are lustrOus at viii, and features
stamped with the indomitable courage OF
the man, he would catch and hold atten-
tion in any gathering.
Two of Greatest AutOcrats.
OF the five Central American Presi-
dents two-Zelaya and Cabrera-have
managed 10 attract great deal OF atten-
ton since they began using Nicaragua
and Guatemala, respectively, as their
own property. Both are autocrats Of the
most approved Central American pattern.
and as a result those OF their countrymen
whom they have not executed or exiled
stand continually in fear and trembling
Of them. And yet, to their credit be Il
said, foreign observers in both countries
say that these Presidents have benefited
Nicaragua and Guatemala by opening up
territory 10 trade and encouraging the es-
tablishment OF various industrial and
commercial enterprises This is still true
OF Zelaya. During hts first term IN Of
fee Cabrera accomplished quite a little
along this line. Then great things
were expected OF him; but since HIS sec
ond election the better part Of his time
has been taken up with keeping his enc
mics under his heel
Cabrera first came 10 the notice Of his
country when the late President Barrios
found him an obscure lawyer IN the town
Of Quezaltenango and put him in his
cabinet. There Cabrera served his bene-
factor so well that the latter had him
named as first designadO. In other
words. he was told OF as successor tc
Barrlos II the latter should die In Office
Barrios, eventually, met death at the
hands Of an insane Dutchman. Cabrera
moved into the Presidential palace. put
his Cronies in command OF the army, and
the soldiers. at the Presidential election
which soon followed, at the command OF
their officers, stuffed the ballot boxes n
Cabrera's behalf. and ne was triumph
/ antly elected and inaugurated. When h,
came up for reelection IN 1904 Cabrera
was again successful by the same method
Tells OF Cruelty Practiced.
Not so long ago a foreign diplomat whC
/ had spent some time in Guatemala wa:
reported as saying that no story wa:
too horrible TO be believed II It concerned
The Washington herald., 1908-05-31
FEDERALIzING THE MILITIA.
Significance of Recent Amendments
to Dick Militia LAW.


To Dick Militia LAW.
From the Boston Transcript
The amendment TO the Dick law which
Congress has just enacted Is so compre-
henaive and works such a change in the
relation OF the National Guard 10 the
Federal government that II is virtually a
new law Of itself. The underlying idea is
10 make the organized militia a Federal
force, Immediately available as such on
the order OF the President in the event
OF war or insurrection. The latter Is given
authority TO order such militia organiza-
tons as he may select into the service Of
the United States. The orders TO tl,at
effect must be communicated through the
governor Of the State on which the
requisition is made, but the governor be
comes simply the intermediary OF the War
Department. Militiamen are TO be held
10 the service OF the United States during
their term Of enlistment. instead OF for
ninety days as at present. Inasmuch as
the Presidents discretion as 10 the en-
ployment Of the militia IS geographically
unlimited, the possibility is present that il
may be sent on foreign service. Such
employment was never contemplated
what effect the possibility OF being dis
patched 20 the Philippines. Cuba, or Porto
Rico may have on the class OF men now
IN its ranks. I'D on future enlistments,
IS an interesting topic for speculation.
Congress appears 10 have gone very
far and fast toward Federalizing the
militia, a process which. however, cannot
be completed until the authority OF D
pointing the officers Is taken from tie
States To do that IS beyond the powe.-
OF Congress. which. moreover. cannot
compel States 10 maintain organized
militia The only penalty for failure 10
do this is the forfeiture of Federal money
assistance. The assumption underlying
Congressional legislation on the militia is
that the measure of Federal aid extended
by the Dick law is 50 important that IL
Will be an incentive to the States 20 ac-
cept an arrangement by which the local
character Of the National Guard shall be-
come secondary. That this expectation
will be justified by the event is open to
grave doubts
The Washington herald., 1908-05-31

crease the consumption Of a natural pro-
duct OF the soil Is 70 be credited 10 this
organization.
The experiment was tried last month.
Iowa was selected as the State for the
trial, on account Of the fact that the
Office Of the exchange in Des Moines
covers the entire State and does not lap
over into any other State. Other Offices
Include two or more States, or are lin
ited to only section Of a State.
A special train loaded with oranges
from the 1900 cooperative orange groves
Of Southern California was despatched
from Los Angeles 70 Des Moines. Daily
newspapers in every Iowa city heralded
the coming OF the Iowa Orange Special
in half-page advertisements paid for BY
the exchange. This was supplemented
by advertisements Of the local fruit deal
ers announcing a special Orange Week"
Oranges were extoied as: Just the
spring tonic needed for yourself and
children. Nothing in the way OF fruit
has so much tonic value as orange juice.
An orange with every meal means In
creased appetite. better digestion, a
clearer brain. and a better constitution
In every way. Oranges are prescribed
by physicians for their medicinal prop
critics and fox their food value TO nerve
and brain AL during the warm, ener-
waiting spring and summer weather.
orange Juice IS most cooling and refresh
ing"
The best skill OF the ad writer was en-
ployed, the dates OF the orange week
were emphasized. and the demand was
made that the consumer see that the
name OF the California Fruit Growers
Exchange was on the box. The result
was wonderful stimulation OF the habit
OF orange eating IN Iowa The advertis-
ing will be kept up In a smaller way for
/ while. II the orange consumption IN
Iowa is permanently increased. as the
heads OF the exchange believe Il viii be,
then this advertising campaign Will be
extended 20 other parts OF the country
and VIII be continued indefinitely. The
theory Is that people would eat more
oranges and other fruit II their attention
were called to il by the same methods
which have so greatly increased the con-
sumption Of cereal breakfast FOODS
Systematic advertising OF a natural
/ product Of the soil has not been tried be-
| fore. Usually the art Of the manufac-
turer has intervened, and II has been the
manufacturer money which has paid for
the publicity. II the orange growers, by
/ their cooperation. can increase the con-
I oAAl4RLlou ny duNtELlSlIB, the success or
/ their experiment will be another step up
ward in the march OF progress.
Truly, progressive science has done
/ wonders for the citrus fruit section Of
| California. The beautiful orange groves.
with their trim trees OF dark green. en-
| bellished with golden globes. tell a story
OF conquest Of the arid desert, OF the con-
quest OF pest and disease OF the triumph
( OF the hOrtlculturist in improving na-
! ture's own product. Of the annihilation OF
distance which intervenes between the
grower and the eater. In their rich
/ beauty Of green and gold these groves
/ typify the health and wealth OF Ameri-
cas- garden-the valleys OF Southern Cal
! ifOrnia.
Copyright. 1905 by Frederic J. Haskin
TO-mOrrOVy-The japanese Point of
The Washington herald., 1908-05-31
Objection 10 Railroads.

Prom the Indianapolis News
An Americanized Chinaman. Chin Gee
Hee, is the protector, president. and en-
gineer-in-chief of a railroad which has
recently been opened in the Hongkong
hinterland. OF the six locomotives used.
four were purchased in the United
States. the others coming from Germany
The president says his chief difficulty in
building the road was In overcoming the
obstinacy OF the natives. who opposed the
work on the ground that the smoke from
the locomotives would ruin their crops.
The Washington herald., 1908-05-31

the cruelties OF this strange man." How
ever that may be, Cabrera's long list Of
executions proves beyond question that
his is not q soft nature, and goes a long
way toward explaining why his enemies
have given him the title of ''the Nero
OF Modern Times" This same list, like
wise. elucidates in part the numerous at
tempts made during the past year or two
to assassinate Cabrera with bomb, bull
let. knife poison. and bayonet Only
last month one of his hands was pierced
by a bayonet welded by one OF five mill
tary cadets banded together TO kill him.
Like the Car of Russia, Cabrera, II Is
said. does not feel safe even in the seclu-
sion of his own room. He is In constant
dread OF his enemies; at one time he
would not eat food that had not been pre-
pared by his mother. and he Is never
without n bodyguard in public or private.
Cabrera does not seem 10 have any
ambition other than that of keeping a
strangle-hold on his own country. Ze-
laya, on the other hand has long dream
ed OF being the dominant voice in a union
OF the Central American nations. His
fellow Presidents know of this ambition;
they are also aware Of his unscrupulous
ways and his power, and for these and
other good and sufficient reasons they
dread him even more than they do the
revolutionists Of their respective coun-
tries. whose hacker Zelaya has frequent
ly been accused Of being. To-day Zelaya
practically dictates the government OF
Honduras, as a result Of his victory in
war over that republic early last year,
and Washington will tell you that to-day
the question of Central American peace
or war rests largely with Jose Santos
Zelaya, as it has for a good many years.
ZeInya's Family wealthy.
Born in 1852, zelaya is four years older
than Cabrera, and he was forty-one when
he became President. Unlike Cabrera. he
was well known in his country before
he was obsessed of Presidential ambitions.
His family-of unmixed blood-has long
The Washington herald., 1908-05-31
PRESIDENTS TO THE SOUTH OF US

They Are Nineteen, and They Include AHaro, of
Ecuador, Who Led Twenty Revolutions in Thirty
Years; Zelaya, of Nicaragua, Who Seized the
Presidency with the Aid of His Trusty RepoEper;
Times" and Amador, of Panama
The Washington herald., 1908-05-31
Tint Hrdrophobla Scare.

From the Kansas City Journal.
All stray dogs found in and around
Oyster Bay will be killed before the Presi-
dent arrives there to take uD his resi-
dence for the summer 1t will. therefore.
be unnecessary for Oyster Bay 20 have
any dog days this year
The Washington herald., 1908-05-31
Whine OF Experience.

From the Kansas City Times.
Secretary Cortelyou is said to be mot
averse" to being a candidate for Vice
President, though he is in no sense an
active candidate for the place" Mr..
Cortelyou didn't run the last Republican
campaign without learning the political
vernacular.
The Washington herald., 1908-05-31
Don't Give II Away.

From The Indianapolis News.
Any accusations by one member Of
Congress that another member has IN
troduced pension bill for buncombe and
political purposes" is not only discour-
teous and unprofessional. but it sounds
very much Ike giving the snap away.
The Washington herald., 1908-05-31
sweet Rr nnd nr.

From the New York Tribune.
II is reported that the objective OF the
Johnson managers is really 1872 But then,
for that mater. so is 1912 the objective OF
the Bryan manaEers-at least It's one Of
their objectiyes.
The Washington herald., 1908-05-31

Inc annual business or the exchange
has grown so that its net receipts are
now more than Sl2.OOO.OOO annually. OF
course, this exchange does not handle
all of the output of the citrus region. Ten
years ago its shipments were q per cent
Of the total. This year they viii be more
than so per cent The larger private
growers handle their own fruit and there
are other cooperative associations
which take care Of the output from many
small growers. Including these, about
50 per cent OF the total crop is marketed
on the cooperative or direct basis and
only 20 per cent Is handled by commits
sion merchants. The Improvement Of
conditions brought about by cooperation.
however, extends TO the whole section,
and every grower Is benefited by the ap-
plication Of progressive economic science
to the business Of selling oranges
Progress is never content and never
stops. The California Fruit Growers
Exchange now that 1t has a profitable
entrance to the markets OF the country
is engaged In efforts to improve the mar
ket by increasing the demand for its prod
uct. The first attempt ever made by a
systematic advertising campaign to In
The Washington herald., 1908-05-31

TO-morrow-The Japanese Point OF
View.
The Washington herald., 1908-05-31
Tells OF Cruelty Practiced.

Not so long ago foreign diplomat who
had spent some time in Guatemala was
reported as saying that no story was
too horrible 70 be believed II It concerned
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1908-02-19
COAL OIL MONOPOLY.
Germany Is Considering Plans to
Route the Standard.

Berlin, Feb 19-The imperial treasury
department is considering the possi-
bility of a government petroleum mo-,
nopoly. No decision has yet been
reached, but experts continue to study
plans for the taking over of the busi-
ness in Germany of the Standard OIL
company as we'll as that of this COM
pany's Russian and Rumanian hold
ings. Baron Won Zedlitz. leader Of the
free conservatives in the Prussian diet.
who has made a special study of the
subject says the empire would have to
make an initial outlay of $1S, ,000 900 for
oil plants, tanks and the necessary tank
steamers and cars, and that early
profits OF from SIC. 100000 to s12. $4,000
could be expected.
The baron Is Of the opinion that the
government could deal successfully
with the probable refusal OF the Stand
ard Oil company to supply crude Pc
treleuu at q reasonable rate, and he
thinks the requirements of the govern
nent In American Oil would be supplied
by the Texas rivals of the Standard.
Experts have found that the oils of
Roumania, Galicia and Russia can not
be used successfully with the burners
generally employed in Germany with
out considerable mixture Of American
petroleum.; consequently the projected
monopoly must include the buying Of
about 200 900 tons of American oil a
year.
: The imperial treasury finds this mat
ter full of difficulties, but it's exanina-
ton will be continued along with the
study of the possibilities of creating a
state onopoly in alcohol.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1908-02-19
WORST OF YEAR.
Last Nights Storm Is So Regarded
by Railroad Men.

A touch of real winter weather
reached Topeka yesterday afternoon.
All day yesterday the weather show
ed signs of turning colder but last
night the real cold weather reached
Topeka The melting snow of yester-
day afternoon froze hard and the mer-
curry dropped until it reached the
minimum at o'clock this morning of
eleven degrees above zero.
The wintry weather is not confined
to Topeka but is general in it's scope
and embraces all of Kansas. Reports
from all over the state indicate about
the same conditions as in Topeka
varying only in the quantity of snow
which is lying on the ground.
Reports from the railroad offices
in Topeka indicate that the storm
has been about the worst of the year,
although in nearly every section Of
the state the conditions are changing
and warmer weather is looked for.
In nearly every portion of the state
the snow is over although a high
north and northwest wind is blowing
The only snow reported in Kansas this
morning is from the vicinity of Atchi-
son where light furries of snow still
continue. In the southern and west
ern parts of the state the storm is re-
ported to be almost over.
A high wind has been prevalent all
last night and today. Last night the
wind changed from the north to north
west in Topeka and blew with a We
locity of from 20 to 36 miles an hour.
The barometer In Topeka is rising
which would indicate a colder period
The present spell according to the 10
cal weather bureau will be over by to-
morrow afternoon. Just what will
follow, however, Is uncertain owing
to the storm areas in different sections
of the state and the uncertainties of
the elements at this time Of year.
The forecast of the weather bureau
which was issued late this afternoon
calls for fair weather and a rising
temperature tomorrow afternoon. 1t
is the opinion Of the local weather
man that unless unforeseen compHca-
tions set in the present cold weather
Is but short lived. The wind this af-
ternoon is twenty miles from the
northwest or from five to fifteen
miles less per hour than during the
night. There has been a slight trace
of snow during the past twenty-four
hours.
The following are the temperatures
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1908-02-19
LETTERS WERE LOADED.
Package of Twenty Containing Cart
ridges Sent Through the Mails.

Versailles, KY, Feb. 19.-While Assist
ant Postmaster White was stamping the
incoming mail here today a cartridge in
an envelope which was being sent through
the mail exploded. An investigation proved
that the letter in question was one OF the
twenty which were received in the same
bundle of mail matter at the Versailles
office and each, in addition to the blood
red warning to the party addressed con-
tanned a cartridge and q match indicating
no doubt of the intention of the sender,
should the warning not be needed. Inves-
tigatson established the fact that the let
ters were mailed in a street mail box in
Georgetown, KY OF the twenty received
here it was learned one was received by
each of the following farmers: c. B. Sui
livan. VIM Edwards. David Watts, and
James Turner. The signatures to threats
are the initials IN. r.
The letters were sent alike to members
and non-rnenbers of the Equity society.
but in every instance the party addressed
is said not to be in sympathy with the
idea of raising no crop this year:
The warnings read: Scouts inform US
that YOU are determined to raise tobacco
this year and are not signing the pledge
u. r and thereby attempt to starve thou
sands of poor little children and women
to death and ruin your neighbors. We now
warn you to sign at once and quit talking
against us or take the penalty. By order
of the committee.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1908-02-19
CHEERS FOR TAFT.
He Is Greeted by Hundreds on His
Arrival at Nashua.

Nashua, N. H, Feb. 19.-A crowd
of several hundred persons greeted
Secretary Taft on his arrival here to-
day. When Mr.. Tart stepped from
the car he was heartily cheered. The
party was driven up town in auto
mobiles to Beason hall, where lunch
con was served.
Manchester. N. H, Feb. 1s.-Fol-
lowing crowded day and night of
travelling, speech making and sight
seeing, Secretary Taft arose early to-
day and began another strenuous
days campaign. He was the guest
during the night of Governor Floyd.
He started on an early tour about the
city this morning. accompanied by
the governor and by former Governor
Rollins.
The weather was cold and a light
snow was falling, but Secretary Taft
and his escort drove in an open car
riage. A committee of Nashua citi-
zens came to Manchester this morn
ing to escort the secretary to their
city where he will make an address
this afternoon.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1908-02-19
DOING HEX BEST.
Japan Encounters Much Opposition to
Emigration Policy.

Toxic. Feb. lathe memorandum
of the japanese government in reply
to that of the United States on the
subject of emigration. mentioned yes
terday by the Associated Press, was
handed to Ambassador O'Brien today.
1t Is understood that it agrees in
general terms with number of sug-
gestions made by the American gov
ernment and insures further restric-
ton of emigration, by the practical
prohibition of laborers. The japanese
government points out that the re-
strictions already enforced, including
the closing of emigration to Canada,
Mexico and the Hawaiian Islands, will
make further complaints from Amer
lea almost imp
Every evidence goes to prove that
the japanese government has been un-
sparing in its efforts to avoid further
complications resulting from the emf
grafton question, but the government
is facing powerful opposition from
the emigration companies who are be-
hind a proposed resolution in the diet
to censure the foreign policy of Vis-
count Hayashi, minister of foreign af-
fairs, toward China. America and
Canada.
Should the resolution be introduced
in the diet 1t will probably be defeated
by narrow margin. It's passage
would certainly entail the resignation
of the cabinet. Should the cabinet be
changed, the best informed japanese
believe that another administration
policy of Minister Hayashi
Ex-Ambassador. Aolzf since his ar
rival has not called upon the foreign
office nor has he submitted a report
upon the situation at Washington, but
has assumed an attitude of unfriendli-
ness to Minister Hayashi. It is be-
lieved that Aoki is joining the forces
opposing the foreign Office.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1908-02-19
ROOSEVELT WRITES.
Calls Attention OF Commerce Com
mission TO Impending Trouble.

Washington, Feb. 19.-President
Roosevelt has sent a letter to the
United States Interstate Commerce
commission In which he Indicated the
importance of the commissions ac-
ton in connection with the limitation
Of the hours of labor of railroad en-
pIoyes and points out the possibility
of serious differences arising between
the railroad companies and their en-
ployes with respect to wages and
hours of labor. 1t Is understood the
letters of the president will be made
public by the commission.
The president strongly deprecates
the making of any issue between
companies and their employees in the
matter of wages, that can be avoided;
instructs the commission to secure all
the possible information in advance,
so that the responsibility may be
fairly placed and to hold itself in
readiness to mediate.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1908-02-19
GILLETTE TO FIGHT ON.
Condemned Murderer Hopes to Take
Case to a Higher Court.

Auburn, n. Y, Feb. 19.-Chester Gil
iette under conviction for the murder OF
Grace Brown was today informed of the
decision of the court of appeals affirm
ing the verdict of the lower courts.
Warden Benham when he received
long telegram this morning for Chester
from his mother, decided to inform the
condemned man at once although he
had not been officially notified Of the
courts action. The prisoner did not
show the least emotion, but asked to
be allowed to confer with his attorneys
to arrange for some future action. The
telegram from Mrs. Gillette was sent
from Denver. She urged her son not to
be discouraged as she had hopes of
taking the case to higher court.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1908-02-19
THEY CUT HER THROAT.
Surgeons Adopt Heroic Measures to
Save q Woman's Life

Chicago, Feb. 19.-Mrs Joseph G.
Coleman, whose nervous system col
lapsed after she had netted $4,000 for
charity by working night and day
managing the famous fete of 1.-THE
Streets of Paris was reported to be
in splendid condition today at the
Augustana hospital following a sur
gical operation, which was performed
as a last resort. The operation in
volved cutting Mrs. CoIeman's throat.
Mrs. Coleman suffered from what Is
known as graves disease" one of
the socalled mysteries of the medical
profession.
It's symptoms are protruding eyes,
tremor, an extraordinarily rapid pulse
and an enlargement of the thyroid
gland. The operation to cure the all
ment is the removal of the greater
part of the thyroid gland and is ex-
tremely dangerous.