davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The ranch. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1902-1914, 1908-01-15

The Rural New-Yorker recently had
an inquiry sent to it from Osark, Ark,
asking if summer pruning tends TO
fruitfulness. This inquiry was sent
TO several horticulturists including pro-
fessors in some of the agricultural col
leges and practical fruit growers. -FOUR
answers are given in reply, one BENG
from Prof. S. w. Fletcher so well
known in Washington as professor OF
horticulture at Pullman. The hortr
cultural editor of The Ranch was one
to whom this inquiry was sent. All
concurred in the view that summer
pruning tends to the formation OF fruit
buds if done at the right time and IN
the Droper manner Prof. Fletcher
The ranch. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1902-1914, 1908-01-15

development of a queen bee. If a
colony of bees loses it's queen, the
workers, which are undeveloped fe-
males, can take an egg which, left to
itself, would make worker, and by
surrounding it with what bee men
call "royal jelly it becomes devel-
oped queen. So nature can make a
fruit bud out of leaf bud. At the
time that winter or spring pruning is
done the great workhouse of the tree
Continued on page 12.)
The ranch. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1902-1914, 1908-01-15

gives his experience in the Pacific
Northwest. l append his answer and
also my own:
The most successful summer prun-
ing that | have seen was in western
British Columbia, western Washing
ton and western Oregon. In the mild
and humid climate, fruit trees make
a very exuberant growth upon strong
soil, and not infrequently come into
bearing very late if pruned when dorm
ant. I have met a number of fruit
growers there who habitually prune
in midsummer to check growth, and
several men have stated to me that
they have thus been able to bring ap-
pie trees into bearing two or three
years before winter-pruned trees Of
the same age In the East, have seen
summer pruning practiced on late
fruiting Spy trees with good results.
| feel quite sure that summer pruning
can be used to advantage as a means
of Fastening the bearing of certain va
rieties, on very strong soils; but it
should be resorted to only in special
cases, and is not advisable for all
fruit trees under all conditions. Con
tinuous summer pruning may weaken
a tree seriously. My own feeling is
that only strong growing varieties, on
rich soils, may be profitably treated
in this way; that spring pruning is the
general rule, and summer pruning the
sepcial exception. The guide should
be the growth of the trees.
S. w. FLETCHER.
Pullman, Wash.
NY experience has been that any,
thing that mars a fruit tree at the
time of the formation of the cambium
tends to hasten the formation of fruit
buds. This marring may be caused by
pruning, by the ringing Of limb, by
root pruning or the accidental
wounding of the tree by the use of the
harrow or in any other way tree
that is weakened by decay of part of
its trunk will set fruit abundantly. Ma
ture seems to abhor a failure, and
when a tree is threatened by death,
it tends to reproduce itself by the for
nation of seed. What we commonly
call the fruit produced on trees is the
pericarp, or fleshy part OF the fruit
surrounding the carpets which contain
the seed. The production OF the seed
is the thing aimed at by nature. Ma.
ture is bountiful in her resources and
hence we get our luscious fruits in
her efforts at reproduction. Summer
pruning. which should be in June, dam
ages the trees, and the buds, being in
the formative stage at that time, are
changed and in some cases from what
would be leaf buds to fruit buds. Our
plant psychologists tell us that there
is no perceptible difference in the ear
ly stages of bud formation between
leaf buds and fruit buds. When a
shock is given to the tree the tend
ency is to deposit about the forming
buds some kind of food material that
causes a part of them to develop into
fruit buds. Very similar to this is the
The ranch. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1902-1914, 1908-01-15
CALENDARS FREE TO RANCH READ
ERS.

The International Harvester Co.. with
whose advertising, readers of The Ranch
are familiar, has issued series of hand
some calendars for the year 1908, one for
each of the harvesting machines which
they manufacture.
Local agents are supplied with all of
the series, and every farmer may secure
the one devoted to the harvesting ma
chine he favors, by applying to the near
est local agent.
The ranch. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1902-1914, 1908-01-15

done in such matters and whether
they have succeeded or failed. | am
trying to solve the problems in fruit
growing right in the orchard among
the trees. Of such things | shall treat
in the articles indicated.
1t is surprising how many people
want to get out of the cities to make
their homes on farms. l believe this
is a good indication. l am quite con-
fident that the backbone of our coun-
try is in the rural population. l am
not going to write about this matter
exactly as a laundering fellow once
spoke about the Sunday school. lie
is reported to have said: Brethren,
the Sunday school is the backbone OF
the church and it ought to be brought
to the 'front.'" l hope not to mix my
figures of speech SO as to have the
backbone at the front OF the BODY,
rather, | want it to stay where 1t is,
in the country, for there it will give
stability to our body polite and con-
tinue to be the mainStay OF our So
cial fabric.
The tendency has been from the
farms to the city, but the tide is turn
ing and the flow is starting in the
other direction. One cause for this is
the changed conditions on the farms.
Now we have the rural free delivery
of mails and soon hope to have the
. parcels post, and telephones are all
over the country. What a wonderful
thing the telephone is for sociabil1ty'
This is true in the cities as Wen as
in the country How often our city
danes chat over the phone. l rushed
to the telephone once just before
THANKSGIVING to make a correction in
an order. 1t was important not to lose
a minute, but two women had the
phone. | did not want to be mean
in listening to their talk, but | did
want to know when they quit so
could get the line before anyone chip
ped in, so | held on. One lady had
lust asked the other how to cook
turkey I learned the whole business
from the time the turkey was dressed
Cor undressed, which is IT'D till it
was done brown in the rooster. Now,
don't imagine that I censure these
worthy danes, they were making use
of one of the privileges brought to
them by the telephone. So it is in
the cOunCry-Ine uocloI cdl NC 0ailou'
the meat wagon requested to bring
roast, the health of the neighbors in
quired into and thousand other mat
ters looked into without leaving your
room. Many other changes in the
country are helping to make farm life
desirable
1t is to be regretted that some OF
this tendency is to be attributed to
exaggerated reports about the money
The ranch. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1902-1914, 1908-01-15

E. L. Stewart, former president of the State Hor-
tcultural Association makes affidavit that in 1906
his orchard neted him $719 per acre; $500 In l9Oo
and $500 in 1904 The net returns for three years
amounted to $1,519.
The Washington times., 1908-02-28
COMPLETE REVIEW OF CURRENT EVENTS IN SPORT WORLD,
ROGERS TO MEET
GOTCH IN GOTHAM
Match Is Outcome of Dis
pute Regarding Ameri-
can Champion.

NEW YORK, Feb. Z5.-rOm o RoUke,
manager OF Joe Rogers. ana j. II. Her
man. representing Frank GOtch, claim
ant Of the heavyweight wrestling cham
piOnshlp Of America, met yesterday ana
signed for q match between Rogers and
GOtch 10 take place IN New York before
the National Sporting Club, o. which
Tom q Rourke Is the guiding star.
GCtCn stu has an cugu cement at SyT-
acusc and week at Buffalo, but the
Buffalo engagement will be Cancelled.
giving GOtch a few days lu which 10
prepare himself for the bout with
Rogers. Each man has posted 500 TO
guarantee appearance, and Gotch Will
agree TO throw Rogers I'VE times in An
hour or forfeit the entire gate receipts
The match Is the outcome Of O'EOurke
dlspUtiug ,5OLCh s claim 10 the Amer
can championship. Gotten Immediately
posted $lJJ agreeing 20 throw Rogers
hve times in one hour O'Rourlte called
the challenge and said yesterday that
gained the first fall Iu that case
Cotch loses.
IN speaking OF the match yesterday
GOtch said II am losing a week on the
road through this match, but 1 want 20
show the New York public that / mean
business and have a right 10 claim the
title Rogers is q bic man and his man
ager thinks I viii have trouble gaining
the first fall in an hour Well. Y
don't throw this fellow as I claim
VIII go back 10 the farm.
After the bJUt ] intend 10 go 20
Chicago and get IN shape for nlv match
with HacEenSChmidt which takes place
at Chicago the end OF March
The Washington times., 1908-02-28
G. W.U.RUNNER
ANSWERS c. i.
VIEW OF RACE
Claims Three Fouls in
Relay at Fifth Regi-
ment Games.

Sporting Editor Washington Times:
In reply 10 an article appearing in
YOUR issue OF Tuesday. in reference to
q relay race run in Baltimore last Sat
urday I wish TO correct a few state
ments made by Manager f. i. Miller
Of the Catholic University relay team.
Manager Miller asks that the "One-
sided" article appearing in Sundays
Times be corrected I would state the
facts Of the race exactly as they oe-
CURED and leave the decision as TO the
right or wrong OF either side TO the
readers.
The first man on the George Wash
ing50n team finished a few yards be-
hind the Catholic University man. The
second. G. UIlman, caught the c. L.
man al the beginning Of the stretch,
but was prevented from passing him by
an act which starter Robertson claimed
was a rank foul. and stated that the
race should have ended there in favor
OF Gt5rg H.. shingtOn. Here foul No
was c-.-ea ~ myself. The race was
then sen p by the third George
WashiIE .sn man, who. at the begin
ming or the second lap. was fouled by
the fourth Catholic University man
stepping on the track a lap before his
time and thereby causing q collision
between the TWO Catholic University
men, which greatly hiHdeTed the third
George washington man, who was i'm
mediately behind. Foul no. was called
"a this point against Catholic Jniver-
sity.
took up the race a yard in the rear
Of Semmes, fourth man for Catholic
University. Throughout the entire frst
lap I was hIndered from passing my
man by his tactics. At the beginning
II the second lap I sprang ahead Of
Semmes, causing no physical contact,
no matter how g. may have appeared
10 Manager Miller.
That there was not enough distance
between semmes and myself, at the
time that j JOok the pole away from
him. was claimed by the judges. who
said that this Caus.u Semues to break
Hfs stride. Immediately following this
Sernmes ran zap on my heels. almost
causing ne - fall Here foul NO.
was called by the manager Of George
Washington against Catholic University.
The race was bnishcu with George
was lington twenty -lve yards IN the
/ lead.
we. having Won. dropped the fouls
we had called against Catholic InIVer-
sity, and which We had every lust right
10 claim.
we knew nothing Of the foul being
declared against us until presenting our
selves u the custodian. Immediately
protested against the medals being pre-
scented 10 Lhe Catholic University team
until fT5l instructions were given by
the judges. or A. A. L. officials. That
we had ample opportunity 10 protest
the foul with the referee. and that We
did not take advantage Of that oppOr-
tunity as stated by Manager Miller is
/ not true, for Immediately upon being
informed OF the foul by the custodian
/ Of prizes. we took up the matter with
/ tho referee, but could get little salts
I faction
/ The whole matter has been taken W
bv the A. a. L. and the George Wash
/ Ington team does not fear the outcome
/ Yours truly.
II. L. CLAGETT.
The Washington times., 1908-02-28
WAKE UP At LAST!
PARIS AUTO RACERS
May SKIP SIBERIA
Realize That They Must
Reach Arctic Before
= Summer.

CHICAGO. Feb. 2S.-OWins 10 The al
most overwhelming difficulties the cars
engaged in the New YoFk-PuTis automo-
bile race have been euCUuntcring in
making their way over the sn0wbound
roads of Indiana. the proposal Of a radi-
cal change i'm the route originally
mapped out is now under consideration,
Under the new plan Alaska and
Northern Siberia win be eliminated al
together, and instead Of turning directly
northward after reaching the Pacific
coast, the automobiles viii be taken by
boat from san Francisco to Japan, 80
through Japan under their own power
proceed 10y boat 10 VIadivostoN, and run
thence along the Russian post roads by
the side OF the Siberian Railway into
Europe and on 10 Paris, a distance OF
5000 miles.
The matter viii be settled definitely
at q conference to be held this evening.
Dne of the most pressing reasons Tor
the change i'm the route being the fact
that the racers already have lost 81
much time that il. viii be impossible
for them TO reach san Francisco in time
70 catch a boat that will land them In
Alaska before the season or hard snow
IS at an end.
The Washington times., 1908-02-28
.DREYFUSS ROASTS
HOLDOUT" PLAYERS

PITTsBURG. Feb. 2S.-Barney Drey-
fuss, owner of the Pttsburg baseball
club, created q sensation by announcing
that there was an evident plot on the
part Of certain PiJtsburg pla5 ers To
mold up Inc club Tor more saia- next
year.
He accuses Leach and Swacinu of be-
ing the Tingleaders. In part, Dreyfuss
says: ION paper the PjttsbuTg team
with the BrOOklyns are the mOs- uncer-
tain looking pair of clubs in the league.
but we are going to proceed with the
best team we can get together. There
are a lot of the boys holding out on us.
one, of course, is Leach, who viii spend
the summer l0ahug in Cleveland unless
he signs at the terms offered by us.
Another HOld-OuJ is SWaciuI, Of St.
Louis. who appears TO think he was a
fixture at first since NeGlOn has gone.
Swacina wasn't a fixture by any
means, and he would have 10 fight for
the position il he came TO us
The Washington times., 1908-02-28
H'GARRY BETTER
BY SMALL MARGIN

NEW YORK, FEB. 2S.-The Olympic
Club. in Harlem. was the scene OF. an
other siX-rOund whirIwInd battle last
night in which Joe Sleger Of Phuadel-
phia, and Andy McGarry were the
principals.
McGarry was looked upon as the win
ner Of the bout at the end. but Il was
by a very small margin that he won
Sieger hghtlng 70 q standsdlI and open-
ing the last round with q rally that took
MCGaTry OF his feet
McGarry finished the round with
rights and iefts that eveueE NO the 7es5
Sieger had gained at the beg nnIne and
with the hight in his favor in two Other
rounds, McGarry was entitled 10 q
shade.
The Washington times., 1908-02-28
DICK NELSON HAS
SHADE ON BRIGGS

PROVIDENCE. r. l., Feb. 2s-Dick
Nelson, New YOTk's fighting Dane,
and Jimmy Briggs. OF Chelsea. Mass.
went fifteen fast rounds 10 a draw
last n4FiJ at the Standard A. c. az
I.ymansviue, before 1000 fight fans.
Up 20 the tenth round they gave as
pretty an exhibition as has ever been
seen i'm the State. and Nelson had a
shade the better Of the battle, being
far more scientific and getting away
without much damage.
The Washington times., 1908-02-28
Y. M. C. A. YOUNGSTERS
HAVE DOUBLE HEADER

Two games of basketball are scheduled
for Saturday night in the boys depart
ment. Y NJ. C. A.
The first team OF the boys department
VIII line up against the Intermediates,
OF the Baltimore Central y. NJ. c. A.
while the Yankees. of the local Y. N.
{. A., viii play the Juniors Of the Balt-
more association in the preliminary
game.
The Baltimore Intermediates have not
been defeated this season. having played
some OF the best teams in the South and
come to Washington determined 10 up
hold this prestige.
The games viii begin at 10 p. m, in
order not TO interfere with the games
later in the mems department OF the
y. NJ. Q. a.
The Washington times., 1908-02-28
n. Y. U. GETS SHE'LL.

NEW YORK, Feb. 2S.-COmmodore
David II. Banks. president OF the New
YORK University Athletic Association,
has presented the university with new
cight-0ared racing shell. The boat will
be delivered next week No work will
be done on the river. however, for sew
eral weeks The shell is extra light and
Is equipped with Kearn oarlocks. 1t
was designed and built by Ward.
The Washington times., 1908-02-28
RUSSIAN WRESTLER
HERE ON MARCH IL

NEW YORK. Feb. 2S.-George Hack
enschmidt, the Russian Lion. who VIII
wrestIe Frank Gotch, the American
champion at Chicago, on April % for the
championship OF the world, viii arrive
I'm this country on March y. On March
is he vill wrestle at the Grand Central
Palace, C0uCediug q liberal handiCs p
70 some aspiring wrestlers.
The Washington times., 1908-02-28
Heard at the Meetings.

Frank Chance should be happy The
rule he advocated about disoolored balls
found no opposition. Frank had 10 re-
turn TO Chicago. but Pat Donovan
subbed In hne shape. He was well
coached.
In view OF the fact that Ben Shibe
was the only member OF the Joint rules
committee on deck for the meeting.
which failed 20 come of, at the Breslin
Wednesday evening, he was honored
by appointment 20 the chair yesterday
And he had an AK TO grind Ia the bar
gain. The Reach Company, Of which
Ben is one, manufactures a sphere with
out the CLOSED finish.
President Harry Pulliam, p. J, Don
ovan. and William Murray represented
the National League on the rules com
mittee. Ben Shibe, c. ". Somers. anr
Frank Farrell looked after the Interests
Of the American.
Secretary Nahon Of the New York
Yankees. announces that Hal Chase viii
arrive from the coast in time to &C
company hi- team mates 10 Atlanta
March 8.
Jimmy Jones. IeftheIder Of Newark
since 1904 and a former Giant, has been
sold by Stallings 10 Jim Casey Jones
was a prime favorlte at Newark, and i'
is said the fans there 'gTudge' him Gu
Montreal
Manager Buckenberger. OF Rochester
believes that his team Will figure prom
iuently in the Eastern League race lie
has a number OF plans for strengthen
ing which he Is keeping right under
his Id.
The change ia scoring by which a
caught fly scoring a runner viii be con
sidered q sacrifice hit should meet with
general approval The Old style OF con
sideriug the baLsmau lat bat IN such
instances has long been an injustice q
players. The play is the same in e1-
feet as a bunt. and discrimination was
not fair.
Ban Johnson says il is possible to pla5
81 New York ore day and IN Chicago
the next, by taking the Empire state
! express 10 ElkhaTt. Ind. and journey
ing thence by special train. Perhaps the
American League executive was specu-
lating on this years world championship
series.
The Washington times., 1908-02-28
GUNTHER EXHAUSTED
IN LAST TWO ROUNDS

PHILADELPHIA. Feb. S8-JacIx
Blackburn gave George Gunther his
regular beating when they met al the
Broadway Athletic Club last night
IN the last two rounds he had the
Australian cut and bleeding and so weak
from repeated stomach and body
punches that Gunther was forced 10
hang on and stall all through the round
The Washington times., 1908-02-28
ATLANTIC LEAGUE
GETS PROTECTION

SHAMOFIN. Pa. Feb. eS-Manager
John Kelly. cf the Shamokin team. has
received a letter from President Dob
bins. o. the Atlantic League. directing
him to send So 10 the National Asso-
citation as dues. meaning that the At
lantic League has secured protection"
and VIII not be an outlaw
The league viii be in Glass c. which
VIII enable il 10 draft players from
lower classes. Big leagues may draft
from the Atlantic after the seasons
close but cannot take more than three
men, and must pa 500 for each one.
The Washington times., 1908-02-28
CLUB HAS
FAST RELAY SQUAD

one feature of the Fifth Regiment
games at Baltimore last Saturday which
should be OF interest 20 Washington
amateurs. but which has inadvertently
been omitted in the newspaper reports
OF the meet, is the performance OF the
Potomac Athletic Clubs four.
Tie WashingtOniaUs ran against the
Country School for Boys, OF Balti-
more. ana the. Boys Latin School, OF
the same city. in the half-mile race
They won the first place the time being
I-33 10 minutes.
The Potomacs number among their
track men some of the most promising
OF the CnDitals younger material. Those
honey. Williams, Kuuowskg and Cur.
ran.
The Washington times., 1908-02-28
COST OF AUTO TAGS
NAY BE INCREASED

That the price OF metal Identification
number tags Tor motor vehicles he i'll
creased from s. 10 s. is the recommends
ton made by the secretary Of the auto
mobile board 10 the Commissioners.
The secretary recommends also that
there. be included in the urgent apprO-
rriariou ban an appropriation Of $3.50 for
the purchase o. these tags. 1t is IN
order 10 avoid future deficiencies thar
the increase in cost is recommended
Corporation Counsel =. II. Thomas
has been directed by the Commissioners
10 draft form OF resolution I'm accord
anCe with the recommendation
The Washington times., 1908-02-28
SHERMAN WINNER,
IS STILL AHEAD

BALTIMORE, Feb. 2S.-The Balti-
more end Of a series Of six games be-
tween Frank sherman, ex-champion
pool player of the world, and Irving
Long New England's champion, who
recently defeated Johnnie Klein in this
,lty. was played last night at Mechanics
Hall. West Fayette street.
Sherman showed much of his best
form and won on the nights play. POI
TO ia This made a total for the series
that included play in Washington, OF
SO 10 5S4.
The pair are to play / 200 points and
20 continue at Mechanics Hall tonight
and tomorrow night.
The Washington times., 1908-02-28
Dove Of Peace Reigns
At Closing Sessions
Of Baseball Wagnates
TgyO MeqU Rules

A ball Intentionally dlseOlOred
by a player shall be replaced
by a new ball, and the offender
fined s..
4 sacrifice hit shall he credited
to a batsman who hits "A ily ball
that is caught but results in a
run being scored.
The Washington times., 1908-02-28

T. has been decided after considerable
discussion TO eliminate the Georgetown
IIterClass races this year on account Of
the large number OF collegiate and pre-
paratOry school relays and individual
events. The men who would have com
poted ia these events have been encOur-
aged 10 enter iu the points sJring
events for tho university Georgetown
expects 90 have fifteen men In her own
games, the best that have been devel-
Opcd by coach Reilly this season
Columbia S hnai agreement 20 race
Cornell at two miles for The intercOl-
legiate indoor championship reached
MauaEer Moran yesterday This should
prove oaC OF the greatest distance relay
races ever run Ia the East Great rival
~ exists between the schools. COlum-
bia mas always been a leader ia the out
door race, winning AT Philadelphia last
spring. while the ithaca men usually
romp of with the indoor championship.
EndcavOrs 10 bring these Two teams
together all year in New NOTk and
Philadelphia have failed. and % was
only by keeping the wires not. with
the aid OF local alumni, that the race
was cIinched Tor Washington. This viii
be COiumbia's first appearance in Wash
lugtOu since 1914.
The Washington times., 1908-02-28
- - - CURES
- - -. BLOOD POISON

other disease thorough cleansing of the blood
say Blood Poison The particle
the blood that the body will be from the this
Usually the
insignificant In ITSELF but the blood becomes contaminated that
the mouth and throat uce glands in the SWELL hair and
ulcers break the flesh huma the sufferer s.
Blood purifying the circulation.
the disease in the right going down into the circulation neutral
reshand The Improvement
s. S
completely particle of poison
outbreaks and purified the blood Book
medical advice desired
Eree. TIE SWIFT SPECIFIC CO., ATLANTA, GA
The Washington times., 1908-02-28
NationalLeague Schedule
Announces Opening
On April IA.
Money Won't Tempt
Managers to Part With
Players.

NEW YORK. Feb. &.-Without a
harsh word having been spoken that
might disturb the remarkably harmon
ious state of affairs now existing in
baseball, the National Commission, the
National League. and the American
League concluded their spring meet
ingss held In this city, and adjourned
until next fall
From now on the players viii occupy
the attention OF the fans. with the
cluboWneTs in the background.
President Pulliam, of the National
League, mace public the playing SEIZED
ule of the league for the coming sea
son. the schedule having been adopted
at Wednesdays meeting.