Los Angeles herald., 1908-10-04
TWO WHITE CARS
THE 1909 LINE
ONE WILL HAVE 40-H. P. EN-
CINE AND OTHER 20
Detailed Description of the Mechan-
ism of the Steamers as AM
nounced for the Coming
Season

AS in 1907 and 1905, the White Steam
cars for 1909 will be built in two dis
tinct models, while differing from each
other widely in power, in size and III
price resemble each other in their gen
eral lines of construction.
The larger of the new White cars Will
be known as the Model M, and will be
the successor of the Model K of the
present season. The Model M is rated
at 40-steam horse power and sells loI
$4,000 (, O. b. Cleveland. The wheel
base is 122 inches. The car is regularly
fitted with a straight line seven-pas-
senger body. The engine is compound,
of new design. The high presSuse
cylinder is of 31s-inch bore, the low
pressure cylinder of six-inch bore and
the stroke is Az inches. The frame is
of armored wood, the reinforcing plates
of nickel steel being fastened on both
sides of the wooden sills.
The smaller of the new White cars
will be known as the Model o. This
car may be described more appropriately
as a smaller edition of the new Model
M rather than as a successor OF any
previous model. The Model is rated
at 20-steam horse power and sells for
$4,000, f. o. b. Cleveland. The Wheel-
base is 104 inches and the tires, poth
front and rear, are 32X312 inches. This
line five passenger body. The engine,
except as regards size, is identical with
that in the Model M. The high pres
sure cylinder is of 219 inches bore, the
low pressure cylinder is 4-inch bore
and the stroke is inches. The water
tank is placed under the footboards
and the fuel tanks in the rear.
The principal mechanical change in
the new cars, as compared with pre-
vious White models is in the engine.
The two new models differ only as re-
CARDS dimensions, and, therefore, the
following description applies to botn
models. The new engine construction
has been undergoing2a thorough trying
out for two years, and both the MODEL
M engine and the Model o engine have
been subjected to tests of over $4,000
miles of usage. The change in the en-
gine may be summarized as follows:
In the place of one standard type OF
valve mechanism another standard type
of valve mechanism is used. In former
years the engines used in the White
cars were fitted with the Stephenson
valve motion, which was actuated by
eccentrcs on the crank shaft, as were
also the pumps. The new White en-
gines are fitted with the Joy valve mo-
ton, which is actuated directly from
the connecting rods, and the pumps,
all of which are located on the left
the levers of the valve mechanism.
This new construction permits of a
great simplification of the engine. The
number of parts is reduced almost to a
half of those formerly necessary, con-
siderable weight is saved, all eccentrlcs
are done away with and the cylinders
are brought close together, permitting
the use of a short one-piece crank shaft.
The new crank shaft is a one-piece
forging of tool steel. This is most
advantageous construction, because
when three or more bearings are used
in any shaft, there is always possi-
bility that they may get out of align
ment The main bearings are of the
annular type and may be removed from
the crank shaft by taking off the lock
nuts and lock washers. The two main
bearings and the two connecting rod
bearings are fitted with ball separators
and the balls are of extra large size.
The connecting rods are one-piece forg-
ings.
Both the high-preSsure valve and the
IoW-pressure valve are piston valves.
Steam is admitted through the center
of the valves and eXhausts at the ends.
The pressure on the valve stuffing
boxes is thus reduced TO that of the
exhaust from the respective cylinders.
The small arm on the pump rocker
shaft is connected by means Of a rod to
=
placed on the dashboard. The sprocket
on the forward end of the crank shaft
is connected by chain to the fan shaft
and the ratio of the sprockets is such
that the fan shaft runs faster than
the engine. The fan shaft housing Is
held in place by eccentrics and the ten
sion of the chain may be readily al
tered by turning these eccentrics.
AS a good draft of air between the
condenser tubes is an important ele-
ment in securing good condensation,
which means good economy in water
consumption, these improvements in
driving the fan are of no little i'm
portance.
The crank case of the engine is
made in one piece, but ready access
may be had to all the parts within by
the removal of the side and bottom
plates, and the crank shaft may be
taken out through either end.
The cylinders are provided with re-
lief valves for getting rid of any water
which may be in the cylinders when
starting the engine cold These
valves are opened momentarily by a
little lever on the dash before admitting
steam to the engine, and the entering
steam quickly and effectually removes
the water.
The engine is so adjusted that it runs
normally on "cutOm'-that is the ad-
mission of the steam to each cylinder
is stopped before the end of the stroke,
and the steam then works eXpansively
for the balance of the stroke. In start
ing the engine the pushing of the sim
ping pedal allows the engine to take
steam during the fun stroke. There is
also a "cutoff'' pedal which, when
pressed. produces the same result. This
''cutoff' pedal is used only when slow,
hard pulling is required, as in climbing