davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1908-02-13
A CONFERENCE SOON
Fountain City Has Selected
Delegates to Traction
Meeting Here.
MUCH INTEREST IN PROJECT

The first place to respond to the
invitation to name a committee to
consider the projected traction line
from Decatur to Richmond is Foun-
tain City. which has forwarded the
names of NJ. NJ. Lacey, O. c. Thomas,
J. B. Cehnoweth, George P. Harris
and Claude S. Keever as it's represen-
tauves to the meeting. that is to be
held in Richmond. AS soon as all the
places intercst have named commit
tees. it is the intention 10 hold a con-
ference in this city and many are
hopeful that the traction project TO
the north will be found such Il good
proposition that it will be taken hold
of in earnest. There is no doubt but
that it would open up a splendid terri,
tory for Richmond business houses,
for a considerable distance to the
north.
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1908-02-13
In Granting Ruth Ann RatIiff a
Divorce From Joseph Rat
lift, the Court Speaks His
Views on Marriage.
MRS. RATLIFF TOOK
THE WITNESS STAND.
She Said That Her Husband
Was Not a Prominent Fig
ure in the HiCksite Church,
But a Mere "Figure-head."

"Your case only emphasizes the folly
of people your ages marrying. | will
grant you divorce from Mr.. Ratlff.
It is plainly evident that you two can
never live together again and you
should never have attempted to-
With these words, Judge Henry c.
Fox dissolved the union between JO-
seph c. Ratliff and Ruth Ann Hunt
Ratliff. two of the oldest and best
known Friends in the city. When
Judge Fox had finished speaking, Mrs.
Ratliff walked up to him and graspcd
him by the hand. THANK you.
Judge" she said, calmly, but emphat-
1cally.
On the witness stand Mrs. Ratliff,
internationally told all the domestic
troubles between herself and her hus-
band. The first quarrel came just 4
few weeks after their marriage. AS
was the case in most of their differ
ences. it originated over most triv-
ial matter, the digging mp of rose
bush. She stated Mr.. Ratliff lost his
temper and told her that she had a
mean disposition.
Notwithstanding the testimony of
the other witnesses who appeared for
her. Mrs. Ratliff did not testify that
MIR. Ratliff ever used the name of
God in vain when he became ansered
at her. She said that he had addressed
her as a damned old hypocrite" and
other similar expletives. At one time
he desired Il certain limb removed
from tree in the yard of their new
home on North Seventeenth street.
Mrs. Ratliff sawed off the offending
limb. but Mr.. Ratliff did not know
that she had done so. When he cross
ly asked her to have it removed she
told him that she had done so and said
that if he did not believe her. TO so i'll
TO the~yard and see for himself. This
angered him, Mrs Ratliff stated. and
he hit her three times in the back with
his fist
Attorney w. II. Kelley. who repre-
sented Mr.. Ratliff asked Mrs. Ratliff
if it was not a fact that her husband S
fits Of anger were not the result of the
general CrabidneSs of old age. She
did not think this to be the case In
her opinion he was just naturally
mean. One time. the witness said she
fell down stairs and Mr., Ratliff never
Offered TO assist her. WAS this not
because he was too infirm to render
assistance" asked MIR. Kelley. Mrs
Ratliff said that il was not and 10 H.
lustrate the fact that he was not in.
firm, she stated that one time he be
came angered at some men who were
carrying a stove into the house. He
dismissed them and carried the stove
unasSiSted. into the kitchen. Mrs
Ratliff was asked if it was not a fact
that her husband was a very promi
nent member of the Hicksite Friends
meeting. With a cOntemptuous curl
of her lip she replied: He is only a
figure-head."
Today in the circuit court exparte
proceedings for change of name were
filed in the circut court by Mrs. Rat
lift. In her petition she asks the
court to permit her TO change hel
name to Ruth Ann Hunt.
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1908-02-13
INTERCHANGE FOUGHT
Pennsylvania Railroad Has
Taken Appeal From Su-
periOr Court.
CONSULTATION HELD TODAY

Charles Z. Shiyeley went to Indiana
polls today for the purpose of con-
sulting with the Indiana Railroad
commission, in regards to the action
just taken by the Pennsylvania Rail-
road company in appealing the decis-
ion of the Marion superior court, in
the case of the Pennsylvania Railroad
company against the Indiana Railroad
commission, to the supreme court.
Mr.. Shiveley was special counsel for
the commission in this case, which
was decided in favor of the commits
sion. The case in question was the
result of the action of the commission
in ordering the Pennsylvania company
to have freight interchange with the
c., c. & L. railroad in Richmond
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1908-02-13
Met in Called Session Last
Night But Did Nothing But
Hold Star Chamber Meeting
And Then Adjourned.
SCHILLINGER HOLDS AK
OVER COUNCILS HEAD.
Asserted He Will Remove All
Republican Appointees If
Council Does Not Accept
Merrill as Clerk.

The city council met last evening
members of the body, Councilmen Nc
Mahan, Williams, Deuker, NonPein
and Bartel. The meeting was to have
been held for the purpose of taking
some definite action on the matter of
filling the vacancy in the office of the
city clerk. A star chamber session
was first held, then the cOuncilmcn
met in the council chamber. Council
man Deuker, as soon as the last city
father had taken his seat, arose and
made motion to adjourn. This mo-
tion was seconded and unanimously
adopted.
BY the above statement it can be
seen that the gallant efforts of the
city council to unravel the clerkship
question met with a dismal failure and
the momentous. question-"Who is
city clerk and who aint?' is still I'M
solved.
When the cOuncilmen met in star
chamber session, the question that
came up for discussion was whether
council should or should not confirm
the appointment of c. w. Merrill as
successor to John F. Taggart. 1t is
understood that the councilmen who
called the meeting favored the confir-
nation of Merrill's appointment but
that the other counclimen refused to
take this action. After it was seen
that the councilmen were tied up in a
hopeless deadlock it was decided to
call the regular special session the n
Immediately adjourn to meet again
next Monday evening at Z o'clock, at
which time council will again try to
take some definite action on the city
clerkship matter
1t was reported today that City
Clerk Taggart was putting forth every
effort to have council reconsider his
resignation and refuse to accept it
This report is denied by several mem
bers Of council and by Mr.. Taggart
himself
1t is understood that in the event
council refuses to confirm the appoint
ment of Mr.. Merrill. Mayor Schillin
ger will WELD the AK on all of the re-
publicans holding office by his ap
pointment, with the exception of w. P
O'Neal, republican member of the
board of public works. Mr.. ONeal
would only be saved from the AK for
the reason that the law permits only
two democrats on the board.
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1908-02-13
YOUNG
PEOPLE TO WE'D
William Dorgon and Mabel E.
Shafer to Marry Feb. 20.

Milton, Feb. 18.-The wedding of
William Dorgon Of West Milton. and
Miss Mabel Elizabeth Shafer OF east
Of town will take place at St. Eliza
beth's Catholic church in Cambridge
City, at o'clock, a. m. Thursday
Feb. 20. The groom is the son Of Mr..
and Mrs. Jerry Dorgon and the bride
is the daughter of Mr.. and Mrs. George
Shater. Both are prominent and re-
spected young people in this communi-
ty. The Rev. Father Coulter of St.
Elizabeth's will officiate.
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1908-02-13
ST. ANDREW MISSION
Will Be Held Next Week and
The Rev. John HiIIebrand
Will Preside.
INTEREST IN THE EVENT.

A mission will be given to the young
people Of st. Andrews church next
week. The exercises begin on Thurs
day evening and continue for three
days. Rev. John II. Hillebrand, of
Evansville, who has had a long ex-
perience in work of this kind and is
a forceful and eloquent speaker, has
been secured to conduct the meetings,
and will preach two sermons each day.
Interest in the coming event is thor
oughly aroused and the young men
and young women Of the parish are
looking forward to the mission as the
religious event of the year.
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1908-02-13
LOST ANYTHING?

somebody
can
Richmond when
Palladium lost
Gle to al dums
you may
ovne o. advertising
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1908-02-13
CLUB LEADS WAY
Many Other Cities Desire In
formation on Freight In
terChange Case.
YORK, Pa, is THE LATEST.

Richmond's effort to bring about
freight interchange between the Penn
sylvania and the c. c. & l.. railroads
has attracted wide attention and many
inquiries have been received by the
secretary of the Commercial club in
reference to the situation. Similar ef
forts have been undertaken at Marion
Muncie and other points since and
York. Pa, has a similar fight on hand
Pennsylvania has a state railroad
commission, created by the last leg
islature. and it will be asked to act in
the York case. The letter from York
asks that data in reference to the
Richmond case be supplied SO that il
may serve as an aid to the fight now
on hand.
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1908-02-13
'PLUMS OUT OF SEASON.

Shelbyville, Ind. Feb. Blast
fall Mrs. Mahala Apple broke
small limb from plum tree in her
yard. She carried it into the
house, where she placed the brok-
en- end into the earth in a flower
of small plums growing on il.
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1908-02-13
LITTLE BABY
CHOKED TO DEATH
CenierviIIe Parents Horrified
To Find Child Dead.

When Mrs Alpheus Walters of
Centerville, awoke from her slumbers
yesterday morning about 1:30 o'clock
to see if her seven weeks babe, mes
tied at her side, was sleeping peace
fully, she was Mortified to find that
the child was dead. having had a von-
iting spell and then choked to death
with its little face buried in the pill
low.
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1908-02-13
HOUSEHOLD "BUTTED
|N;;" CAUSED TROUBLE
For This Reason Charles EN-
ory Was Dismissed.

The case of Charles Emory, coiored
charged with assault and battery on
his wife was dismissed at the re
quest of the prosecutor, who in
formed the court that the cause Of
trouble in the Emory household was
the interference Of other relatives in
their domestic affairs. You leave
your relatives alone and make them
leave you alone" the court informed
the couple.
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1908-02-13
ELABORATE DISPLAY
OF PRETTY VALENTINES
Is Probably Best in History of
The City.

Perhaps never before in the history
Of the city has there been such an
elaborate display OF valentines as at
the present time. The shops have
bountiful display and lively bust
ness is being done. The purchasin
is not all among the youngsters,
either.
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1908-02-13
ALDR|CH BILL IS
WALL STREET MEASURE
So Says Alfred Crozier, Finan-
CiaI Expert.

Washington, ID. c., Feb. 12.-Ad-
dressing the senate this afternoon. in
support of his amendment to the Aid.
rich bill. limiting the retirement OF
circulation to nine million a month,
Senator Tillman presented a petition
from Alfred Crozier. student of fin
ance. which assails the Aldrich bill as
Wall street measure and that the ro-
cent panic was made by the Wall
street financiers.
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1908-02-13
SECRET SERVICE MEN
AFTER ANARCHISTS
Desire to Capture Men Who
AsSassinated King.

Madrid. Feb. -1&.-Secret service
agents of England Spain and Ger
many are now working secretly in
Lisbon. to get AT the bottom OF the
plot which resulted in the death Of
King Carlos and the Crown Prince.
Other nations are expected TO join in
the movement in the effort 10 capture
the anarchists who were responsible,
No arrests will be made at the pres
ent time but none of the plotters will
be allowed TO escape.
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1908-02-13
MILLIONAIRE OLIVER
REGA|N|NG STRENGTH
Famous PIoW Manufacturer
Was Given Up to Die.

South Bend, Ind, Feb. 13- Four
times given up to die. James Oliver,
South Bends millionaire plow manu-
facturer and philanthropist, is regain
ing his strength and his family and
friends will not be surprised to again
see him at the factory. Although
nearly so years old, his vitality is
wonderful.
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1908-02-13
NEW CASES FILED.

The case Of John Beckman against
TO obtain possession Of
real estate and for 800 damages, has
been filed in the circuit court
The case Of William Wilson against
Emma Wilson for divorce has been
filed in the circuit court
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1908-02-13
SOCIALISTS ACTIVE
IN WASHINGTON TP,
Met in Convention and Nomi-
mated Ticket.

Milton. Ind. Feb. 1.-THE socialists
OF Milton met in convention and nomi-
mated the following ticket for Wash
inston township: Trustee. Wilbur l
Doddridge: assessor. Charles l.. Wolf,
gang; justice of the peace. William l..
Parkins, constable, Walter S. Crull.
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1908-02-13
MEN CHARGED
WITH SMITH MURDER
Peach Carried Blood Stained
Knife.

Bellaire, O., Feb. 13.-Manuel and
VIM. Peach were arrested today
charged with the murder OF Sutlass
Smith, whose dead body was discoy-
cred Yesterday. The three men had
been seen drinking together. Manuel
carried a knife covered with blood.
Smith was stabbed in the side.
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1908-02-13
WOMAN'S HEAD IS
SEVERED FROM BODY
Third Mysterious Murder of
Kind Recently.

GAINESVILLE, Wis. Feb. 1&.--With her
head almost severed from her body
with razor. Mrs. Martha Anderson
was found dead at her home today.
She is the third woman mysteriously
murdered recently. The police are at
sea.
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1908-02-13
THE WEATHER PROPHET

INDIANA Rain in north portion
Thursday night: colder: Friday
cloudy.
oAlo-Rain Thursday night: Friday.
partly cloudy and colder with
sne~ al9ns the !skeA
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1908-02-13
TEDDY TAKES A
HAND IN STRIKE
Will Send Federal Troops to
Fairbanks. Alaska.

Washington, d. c, Feb. I2.-It is re-
ported that the president has decided
10 send federal troops to Fairbanks.
Alaska, 10 check the disorders inciden-
Eal to the miners strike there.
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1908-02-13
THREE AUTOS TURN
BACK At HUDSON
international Tourists En-
Countered Bad Roads.

New York. Feb. 13.--Three of the six
autos in the New York-Paris tour turn
ed hack at Hudson today on account of
bad yoadA
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1908-02-13

Yokohama. Japan Feb. 13.-Wu Ting
Fang, the new Chinese ambassador 20
Washington. sailed for America today.
Abilene weekly reflector. [volume] (Abilene, Kan.) 1888-1935, 1908-11-26
THE MISSOURI ELECTORS.
Gov. Folk Decides the sixteenth
District Case.


Jefferson City, Nov. "a. Gov Joseph
W. Folk Monday afternoon decided
that under the Missouri statute, the
entire electoral vote Of this state
should go to William H. Taft.
This decision was made in view Of
the fact that Brannock, the Bryan
elector for the Sixteenth COMPRESSION
al district, received mare votes than
Kiel, the second Republican electoI
at large, who received the lowest vote
on the Republican electoral ticket
Brannock. however, received fewer
votes than the Republican elector for
the Sixteenth district. The Missouri
statute requires that an elector shall
reside in the district for which he Is
elected.
Taking the vote Of the first electoT
as basis, tho plurality Of Taft In
Missouri is 1,026. Both the Demo
cratic and Republican electors in the
Sixteenth district ran ahead Of their
respective electoral tickets. This is
explained by the theory that some Of
the voters in the Sixteenth district
voted only for the district elector.
Abilene weekly reflector. [volume] (Abilene, Kan.) 1888-1935, 1908-11-26
gguNTERFEITtBs elusHF
CHICAGO GANG ARRESTED BY
SECRET SERVICE MEN
Following 0unfrel Between tho Men
One Of Them Makes Full
Confession.

Chicago, Nov "a. That the coun.
terfeit IS bills which have been freely
circulated in Chicago, ST Louis, Day.
ton, o., Cleveland. New Orleans. Min
neapolis and other cities in the last
two months, were manufactured BY an
organized gang operating in Chicago
and that this gang is practically bro
ken up, was said by the United States
secret service authorities Monday to-
have been determined by number Of
arrests. Some OF the men taken are
declared to have made confessions,
declaring that $4,000 worth Of the
bills were made; that the plates were
engraved by one of the gang and the
bogus money was struck off in whole
sale lots at place on West Adams,
street in this city.
With Leo Brown, Edward Wheed
and Edward Wescott under arrest, are
Dr. w. H. Young, George Anderson
and lola Parkinson, the three latter
being held in connection with the cir
culation Of the bills. A recent fire
in the building in which the plant was
located is said to have destroyed Q
large lumber Of the bills. After q
quarrel between the men the plates
are declared to have been thrown into
the Chicago river. Although printed
upon poor imitation Of the gov
4. H.
Abilene weekly reflector. [volume] (Abilene, Kan.) 1888-1935, 1908-11-26
DEAD IN IORNADO
eEvERAL TOWNS m MoRTHWEeT'
ERN ARKANSAS DEMOLISHED
By a WIND STORM.
.MANtPERsONSWEREKIlLED
The Towns Of Plney, London, Waller
Vile, Jethro, Lodi, LewIsvIiIe,
Peterson and Berryvllle
II Were Laid Waste. I'll

Little Rock, Ark, Nov. 24.--Acc0rd
ing to adyices received up to mid
night, meager because Of the remote
ness Of the section affected, more thar
q SCORE Of lives were lost and many
other persons were injured in Q tor
nado which swept the northwestern
section Of this state late Monday
demolishing several towns and razine
vast tracts Of timber. The section
reported stormswept Is removed from
both telegraph and railroads and
necessarily, details and confirmation
Of many Of the reports are lacking.
The tornado, approaching from the
southwest, crossing the Arkansas riv'
er several miles south Of the settle
ment Of Piney and proceeding An
a northeasterly direction, swept
through thhe towns Of London, Wal
lerville, Jethro, Lodi. Lewisville, Pc
terson and Berryville. and outlying
portions Of Mulberry, either complete
~ wreclring or laying waste the
larger part Of these places and des-
troying timber and crops throughout
the intermediate country.
At Piney, It is said that 10 persons
were killed and a number injured.
Practically the entire settlement was
demolished. ~,At London ten are re-
ported to have lost their lives and con-
siderable damage to property oc'
Cured.
VAUDEVILLE and Jethro are report.
ed destroyed, several fatalities occur
ring in each place.
In the vicinity OF Mulberry the
death list Is placed at seven.
At Berryville, one woman, Mrs. J.
o. Hoskins, was suriously injured and
several other persons sustained les
ser injuries. A path 100 yards wide
was cut through the town, six build
ings being completely wrecked and q
number Of others damaged, either be-
ing torn from their foundations or I'M
rooted. Here the property loss is es-
timated at about $4,000.
From the outlying districts consid-
cradle damage to property Is also re-
ported, but no losses Of life. At Lodi
three buildings were destroyed and
one woman seriously hurt.
Advices from Lewisville, in the
western portion Of Lafayette county,
report the destruction of several build.
ings at that place and at Palmos con.
siderable damage to property as well
as injury to a number Of persona.
Abilene weekly reflector. [volume] (Abilene, Kan.) 1888-1935, 1908-11-26
THE RosslNoToN MEMORIAL.
Services at Topeka for the Dead
Kansas Attorney.

Topeka Nov. 24.-Probably never in
the history Of the Shawnee County
Bar association has there been held
30 well attended a memorial service
az that for the late William Henry
RossIngton, in the federal courtroom
Monday morning. Not only all the
members Of the Topeka and county
bar. but many attorneys from Kansas
City, Lawrence and surrounding towns
were there. An unusual feature was
the large number Of women present.
On the bench sat Judge John r.
Philips Of the federal court Of West
ern Missouri, Judge John @. Pollock
Of the federal court Of Kansas and
Judge A. W. Dana Of the Shawnee
county district court. Resolutions
which had been prepared by q COM
mittee Of the Shawnee County Bar as
ISOLATION, were read by Charles Blood
Smith, chairman Of the committee, a
law partner Of Mr.. Rossington.
Memorial addresses were made by
Capt. Joseph Waters, Judge Doster,
N. H. LOOMS and Judge Phillips.
The supreme court Of Kansas was
represented by the members Of the
supreme bench, and Fred q. Jackson,
the attorney general, also was pres
emit.
Abilene weekly reflector. [volume] (Abilene, Kan.) 1888-1935, 1908-11-26
RtfB6tlsiH SuHFHiEBIVFS
LIST or GIvERe 70 CAMPAIGN
FUND ANNouNcEp.
Charles p. Taft 81 Cincinnati Heads
the List with q contrIbu-
tlon Of $4,000.

Albany, N. Y, Nov. 24.--George p
Sheldon, treasurer Of the Republican
national committee, filed the list Of
contributions for the recent national
campaign. 1t shows 1880 contribu
tors, many Of them covering q mum
Der Of lesser contributions. The to
tai amount contributed was $1,679,-
57s.27, The names Of individual CON
tribtors are given without specifying
address or locality. this being the
method Of entering them when re-
ceived. but addresses have been In,
serted as far as possible:
One hndred and ten thousand dol
lars, c. P. Taft, Cincinnati, O.; sS7,-
TIT, Union League club, New York;
.$22,5OO, Union League club, Philadel-
phia; $4,000, Lars Anderson, Boston,
q. A. Garrelson, treasurer; $4,000,
Andrew Carnegie, New York. City;
$4,000, ]. P. Morgan, New York; $lb,'
900 each, Alex Smith Cochran, New
York; J. N. Bagley, chairman, Mlcni-
gan; William Nelson Cromwell, New
York; $4,000 each. M. G. D. Borden
Whitelaw Reid, Frank A. Munsey,
Jacob H. Shift, New York; Fred p.
Smith, Michigan; Edith Agnes Cor
bin, Washington, D. c.; W. ]. Bohan.
treasurer, Washington.
The Missouri contributors were:
Seven thosuand dollars, R. @. Kerens,
st. Louis; $4,000, A. Busch, st. Louis;
Ferdinand sulzberger, w. s. Dickey,
J. Bromley, Kansas City; $500, q. L.
Adreon, D. A. Campbell, D. M. Houser,
8. Cupples, r. 8. Brookings, J. A.
Holmes, st. Louis; e. F. Swinney,
Kansas City.
Net amount received and disbursed
at New York and Chicago headquar-
ters, s1,035, S6s.27.
In addition to above there was col
lected by the national committees
finance committee In the several
states and turned over to the Repub-
lican state committees for use in their
own states, $620,15O.
Abilene weekly reflector. [volume] (Abilene, Kan.) 1888-1935, 1908-11-26
THE KANSAS RETURNS.
state canvassins Board Completes
lie Work.

Topeka, Nov 24-The state can.
vassing board Monday finished its
canvass Of the election returns. The
total vote cast in Kansas for president
was S75,SS5. The vote for the diff
ferent candidates was: "
Taft, 1916; Bryan, 161,2Os; DebS.
Socialist, 1890; Chain, Prohibition,
5,OS2; scattering, 6S. Taft.s plurality
was S5,957. w. r. Stubbs' vote ON
governor was 1862, and for Botkin
was 162, 1885. Stubbs' plurality was
s4,S07. r. A. McNeal, for state print
er, led the state ticket. The two
amendments submitted, one providing
for increased pay, and the other re-
lating to pay Of probate Judges, were
both nvarwhalminRlv defeated.