davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The avalanche. (Lubbock, Tex.) 190?-1909, 1908-08-21
Issues Tha, Caused Civil War

ping. my object d, TINT our young
and middle aged men may know
what leading men, who were lead
en-, of the Republican Party and
radical, iu the days of reconstruc
ton, had to say n 10 the issues
what brought on the war between
the states, in the latter part of their
lives, after the war feyor had
cooled.
list What senator Henry Wilson
of Nasachu,ett, BOB o. public -peach
said.
Having read and rt.read with
great diligence, and no less delight
the whole history OF the fierce con
troycrsic, that illuminated M the
war between the -tatc,, including
She abIc,t speeches OF our profound
est statesmen on both sides and
with all my genuine pride III a
restored Union. am bound 20 say
that the Southern position was
never shaken, and that the over
whelming weight of argument was
on the side of John {. Calhoun
and Jefferson Davis And, further
il was by surrendering the ConstIt-
utlonal argument and resortlng to
what was denominated the higher
law OF political conduct and con
science that the North found apol-
ogy OF defense for It's attitude to-
ward the iualienablc rights Of the
southern States
H. order that you may appreCi-
ate the grounds of my confident
assertion, ] quote few paragraph
from what seem, d me al absolute
Is uuauswcrablc argument by John
{ Calhoun, the greatest logIcan
and protoundcst poltloal phIio-
sophcr 10 the nation II that char
acter they formed the old Coufed-
GRAFTON aua when Il wa, proposed
to super,edc the article of the
Confederation by the presnt Con.
Constitution. they met In couNcu-
ton A. states. acted and voted
~ state. and the Constitution,
when formed was submitted for
ratification lo the people of The
several state, 10 was ratified los
them A. state, each state for It's
self 'srh by It's ratification bind
ing O., own citizens the parts thus
separately binding themselves, aud
not the whole the part, and II Is
declared o. the Preamble Of the
Constitution 10 be- ordained ny the
people Of the United states, and
10 tie arurl, of ratification. whe4
ratified. o. be- binding between The
STAT 80 mtItyug The conclusion
b. un table that the Constitution
81, a. work Of the people OF the
Stat Considered a. separate and
ud,.uI.u. political communities
thar 'HsE are IT, auth1i- their
pow created ~. their voice rloth.
cd . 500. authority tha, tbe 20,
euu TO furmrI d, boz rralit, their
agrr uI that thc Union. oi
Vhl, ruc Constitution O., the bond
D., a onion ot states and not Of midi
yIdu u.s..
huI f- 40 Interesting and
Sup. ,tr, fact that the latest has
toris and writer on constitution
ai 1, eminent sustain the funds-
men 81 contention of Southern
stat men
.a The Hon Eenry Cabot
Lodge, "r accomplished scholar
and % tinguIshed senator from
Ma schusctis, M his life OF Danial
" ter, makes th.s candid state
.neut When the Constitution
wa adopted by the vote, Of the
The avalanche. (Lubbock, Tex.) 190?-1909, 1908-08-21

For County ana Dis Clerk
Mrs. BETTE BOYD
The avalanche. (Lubbock, Tex.) 190?-1909, 1908-08-21
ANNOUNCED ENTS

For County judge
JNO Il MCGEE,
The morning journal-courier., 1908-10-17
SELECTING A PLUME

The quill should he one continuous piece, smooth, glossy and pliable.
 The flues must be wide, plable and without defective marks visible to tho eye
 When buying black ostrich plume always he careful to select the one with the finest gloss.
 Dull blacks and brown blacks indi- cate a poor quality of plume or poor dyeing If if is the latter the plume may be rodipped but if the former II Is no good except for lining and poor lining at that
 A good plume properly worn should last five years at least
 This allows for one curling year and one possibly two redipplngs if the plume was originally q light color
 A good black plume that has been properly recurled will be pretty old and have seen a lot of wear before IL will need to be redipped
 One reason why many good black plumcs lose their color and gloss Is that they are seorched when being recurled
 The only remedy for this is bath In the dyepot, and oftener than not the result is only rusty black
 If a person hasn't the time or pati- ence to curl her own plumes she should be particular to get a skillful repalrer
 The most popular and useful ostrich feather is the 1S-inch plume in black
 Get tho hest grade, recurl it careful v yourself or have 't done by a skill moneys worth of wear from if
The morning journal-courier., 1908-10-17
ATTRACTIVE TEA TABLE

Nothing is so pretty and thoroughly feminine as the tea table. It Is always charming scene, even to other wom- on, to see dainty hostess prepare tea, from the lighting of the alcohol lamp to the final bit of lemon or pouring of cream.
 To man, 1t suggests the delightful side of domestcity, and clever girl who does 1t gracefully may be able to make much capital with her beaux in this way.
 Sandwiches of various kinds are the best accompanments to tea. Sweet sandwiches are new and may be mado from thin slices of stale or rather tough cake, having a layer of ground or pounded nuts and held to the cake by the thinnest possible layer of jam, marmalade ore jelly.
 A bit of preserved ginger placed at intervals on the slices before they are laid together is delicious, Maraschino cherries cut in quarters may also be used.
 A sweet sandwich haring cherries inside should have half a cherry on one corner, and that with preserved singer should be similarly marked with the ginger.
 Sandwiches made of greens may be marked with a bit of the leaves pro- tudng or a nasturtium flower or a spring of parsley.
The morning journal-courier., 1908-10-17
Y. w. c. A. GYMNASIUM

If young women who are forced to spend their days in the close air of factories or stores only realized how much their health would he improved by course in gymnastics they would surely spend one evening a week at they. W. C. A., 66S Chapel street Classes are now being formed in phys teal training, and for very small fee any girl who has a tendency to weak lungs, poor digestion or poor cirCula- tion can improve her health and spir- it's by learning how to take a few simple exercises daily
 Not only are they promised real benefit to their health but n pleasant time as we'll
 The music and good fellowship are collaborating, and those who come tired and depressed leave with a sparkle in their eye and a new 2est in life.
 No woman in these days need con- demn herself to the nvalid's life if she will secure proper food, air and exercise Immediate application should be made for these classes. More pu- pills can be received in the English and arts and crafts classes which meet on Monday evening, Names are also being taken for classes in Cor man, French embroidery and olocu- ton Many are availng themselves of the opportunities for training in the practical classes, nursing, dreasmaking and millinery and realize as well tho unusual advantages in the school Of music where individual work is done, and pupils are admitted at any time. Glass office hours 3 to D. m,
The morning journal-courier., 1908-10-17
Points Worth Remembering Re garding This Class of Flower
 Its Cultivation.

It is a fact worth remembering that the bulbs of the Hardy Narcissus are slower in developing roots than al- most any other class devoted to au- they should be placed in the ground very soon as perfect root growth be- fore the earth Is frozen gives prom ise of sturdy growth and perfect flow CTS in the spring. Although the yarie- ty of Narcissus in cultivation is very large, oyer 300 being described In the botanical dictionaries and the seeds mems catalogues adding novelties each year, we will confine the subject to only few that have been personally grown and studied.
 Among the pure yellow varieties with large trumpets we would select Henry Irving and Golden Spur as be- ing two of the best, the flower of the first named is of better substancy and more lasting quality, but Golden Spur has longer stem and perhaps more brilliant effect when planted in large clumps.
 Of the sorts with sulphur perianths and large yellow trumpets, Victoria may be classed as unusually fine, while Emperor comes very close in appearance, but not in quality. Hors- fieldi we think is superior to Empress in the white perianth and large yell low trumpet class. though both arc very showy and distinct.
 Among the types with short trum- pets we would select Sir Watkin as the representative with sulphur peri anths and yellow trumpets, Barri con spicuous for first choice among those comprising the yellow and reddish or ange shades Cynosure stands first and Lieedsi second in the white and yellow class, while Mrs, Langtry ex- cells in the pure white varieties.
 The kinds with double flowers may be summed up by selecting Van Sion, the true Double Daffodil and Double Incomparabe; they are both very hardy, early and sure blooming, frag- rant and effective. N. Pootlcus, the Pheasants Eye Narcissus, has been greatly improved in ,recent years, many novel types now being cata- logued, but if one grows Pootcus Or natus, and plants in clumps or large masses in odd corners where per manency can be secured, no bulb will so well repay the cultivator or contin- ue to bloom in profusion for sc many successive years.
 Of course the bulb catalogues con- tain more extended list of varieties than here given, many novelties are being added every year, some at very high prices, and highly exaggerated descriptions, but If the sorts we have named are planted and given reason ably good care, the return will far exceed the most sanguine expecta- tions. V.
The morning journal-courier., 1908-10-17
Hints For The Household
ABOUT NARCISSUSES KITCHEN MEASURES
Table of Rules That Will
 Assist the Cook.

Llquds--One pint of liquid equals one pound.
 Two gills of liquid equals one cup Four cups of any liquid equals one quart,
 Four teaspoons of liquid equals one tablespoonful.
 An overhowing tablespoonful of liquid is equal to wneglassful
 Butter-one cup of butter equals one-half pound,
 A pint of butter equals one pound. Butter the size of an egg' equals two ounces.
 one tablespoonful of butter equals one ounce
 Butter the size of e walnut equals one ounce
 Flour--one quart of sifted flour equals one pound
 Three cups of cornmeal equals one pound.
 Four cups of bread flour equals one pound.
 Two tablespoons of flour equals one ounce.
 Two tablespoons of flour equals one ounce.
 Sugar Two cups of granulated or 1 brown sugar equals one pound.
 one >pint of sugar equals one pound. Two cups and half of powdered sugar equals one pound. Miscellaneous-Ten eggs equal ono pound.
 one pint of chopped meat equals ons pound
 There arc thirty tablespoons of cof- fee in one pound,
 Four large stalks of celery will make one quart when diced,
 Two quarts of ice cream will serve ten persons,
 One quart of Ice water will fill ten punch glasses,
 A chicken weighing three and one- half pounds before cooking will mako a quart of meat diced when cooked.
 Crt qua~ of chicken meat and one quart of celery dressed with mayon- naise will serve ten people.
 A hfteen-po'lnd ham will weigh only about seven whsn boiled.
 One and one-half pounds of butter will spread one hundred slices of bread for sandwiches
The morning journal-courier., 1908-10-17
ABOUT COOKING MEATS

Never pour water into the pan in which you roast lamb, Rub the meat with salt and pepper and scatter flour lightly owe" the top, Then cover the lear of fat with second pan of same size and baste with the juices of the meat. Water destroys the flavor.
 When ordering Hamburger steak, sc lect the meat. Do not permit the butch- CT to put in talllngs and discolored scraps Fresh trump or around is best Have 1t first ground the lald on the meat block and the onion chopped into 1t win cleave.
 To get the best results in steWing chicken according to the good od-fash- toned methods, dis1oint the fowl, wipe each piece clean and drop into water just coming to boil Cover tightly and set back on the stove to simmer very gently When about half done add salt When the meat is just ready to drop from the bone you will find your stock greatly reduced. Add an equal quantity of milk thlcken with flour and then add pepper and parsley chop ped fine Serve on crisp toast.
 If you intend to serve cold ham whole parboil and then bake it Scrub the ham thoroughly ana soak over night in cold water. Next morning wipe off clean, lay in cold water in a granite iron pot and bring just to Fl boil Pour off this water, add nor, cold and bring to boil the second time; add handful of bay leaves and some whole cloves Simmer for two hours, remove from the pot, peel off the skin. lay in dripping pan Il. which you have poured cup of wa ter and one of sherry. Cover with bread crumbs and pepper bake until golden brown
The morning journal-courier., 1908-10-17
Tone Talks.

Choir boys should stop singing when the voice shows signs of changing. It is best to walt until the voice is fully settled before undertaking to sing or study voice culture Girls voices do not undergo radical change in quality, nevertheless they should be very carefully used under the age of eighteen years. All voices under twenty-one years are tender and more susceptible to impairment by wrong use or by overtaxing them than later when the vocal organs are settled and stronger. Jenny Lind, one of the greatest singers who ever lived said: My voice was seriously impaired by iniudicious carly training and never fully recovered from the effect of it."
 GEORGE CHADWICK STOCK,
The morning journal-courier., 1908-10-17
The Need of Mr. stevens.
Bridgeport StandardD

Vice President John r. Stevens of the New York and New Haven system will it is said, be made vice president of the Boston and Maine road, with the Idea of putting its rehabilitation into his hands Tho road needs something like the readjustment that the New Yokr and New Haven has had under President Mellen and Mr stevens is considered the most capable man in sight for the work, The report does not seem improbable
The morning journal-courier., 1908-10-17

The following is an excellent way of sewing buttons on chidrens coats, etc.
 Make a good-sized knot in your thread which should be fairly coarse then place small pearl button on The in- side of tho coat Put the needle first through the material, starting from the right side of the garment, then through the small button, then back again through the material and right through the big button Continue 10 stitch through and through until tho button feels quite firm, then give tho thrcsd a twist or two round the base of the top button and finish off securely. There will then be no fear of the battons coming off or tearing away the cloth
The morning journal-courier., 1908-10-17
NINBLE FINGERS
Clever Device for the Max ing of Mosquetaire
 Sleeves.

Time was when women thought themselves very fetchingly attired if the corset cover, petticoat, knicker- lockers and chemise were decorated with drawnwork and goodness knows that while they were gorgeous, vet the work was too painstaliing for decora- tive schemes Now Co be really up to date these articles must De hand-em- broidered ana this form If trimming will take up many moments of labor, for patterns are larger and the sprays, motifs flowers and conventional de- signs are very elaborate, but the ma teria for embroidery is heavier, con- sequently the labor is less tedious than some forms of embroidery work
The morning journal-courier., 1908-10-17
Women'S Underwear

Tho warmer weights. Fall ls here' Very soon we may look for really chilly weather To those wise women who are already contemplating Q change 10 warmer underwear q word betimes. Here, awaiting selection Is grcnt as sortment of various makes, weights md materials at prices that arc right.
 WOMEN'S HOSIERY
 A little reminder that we carry a complete fine of hosiery for women. All that is right for the particular per son
The morning journal-courier., 1908-10-17

Long Branch Gingerbread Work to cream a cup of butter and one of brown sugar, add one cupt of Now Orleans molasses, one cup of milk. four beaten eggs ond three cups of flour sifted with two teaspoonfuls of baking powder. Bake in moderate oven in shallow tins for about forty five minutes
The morning journal-courier., 1908-10-17

No housekeeper should be without a bottle of olive oil and limo-water for burns X preparation should always be in readiness in case of emergency, Add Iine-water to of until a creamy emul- sion is formed, and bottle, always well before applying. The ef- feet of this upon burns is wonderful in its healing and soothing powers, and 1t ia equally etiicacious for sunburn,
The morning journal-courier., 1908-10-17
RECEIPT COAU MN
A Pudding Given Be ow Has Proved Popular With
 Rich Folks.

Apple Custard,--To one quart of stewed and strained apples add the yolk of three eggs, welbeaten, sugar and nutmeg to taste Beat hard and bake in pudding dish in hot oven, When done, make @ meringue of the remaining whites of eggs and table spoonful of sugar, and spread on the pudding, Return to tho over long enough to brown, then set aside until cool, or, If you prefer, eat hot with rich cream.
The morning journal-courier., 1908-10-17

White Icing g.-Put into saucepan two cups of granulated sugar and two thirds of cup of milk Stir until 1t hoils, then boil without stirring for just four minutes. Remove from the fire and beat until creamy, adding a half-teaspoonful If vanilla, then spread spread on cake.
The morning journal-courier., 1908-10-17

A cheap floor stain which will prob hbly he in demand during house clean tng. is made by dissolving teaspoon
 ful of permaganate of potash in one
 quart of boiling water A darker or
The morning journal-courier., 1908-10-17

Whenever possible a thick we'll should be worn over the face in sum, mer. II Is out of the question to do this application of cream and powder must bea rubbed on instead, This makeup can be put on SO that 1t Is not evident and it should be carefully removed at night to clear the pores
The morning journal-courier., 1908-10-17

Honey should be kept in the lark If exposed to light 1t will quickly gran ulate
The morning journal-courier., 1908-10-17

If the heart Is weak but otherwise normal it can often be strengthened by active leg movements, such as ris- Ing on tiptoes, swinging the legs back and forth and in a circular motion, flcXlng the foot nnd knees and running This last should be begun slowly and not contlnuel too long at first.
The morning journal-courier., 1908-10-17

Cold cereals can be friend the same as mush, serve with gravy or sirup
The morning journal-courier., 1908-10-17

To cover the pan in which fish is cooking will make the flesh soft,
The morning journal-courier., 1908-10-17
10weI Embroidery.

We
 any attractive There useful the housekeepe which acceptable gift by loving friend would delight chief pride
The morning journal-courier., 1908-10-17

Nickel win De kept bright by being rubbed with wool saturated in am monla
The morning journal-courier., 1908-10-17

Alcohol and whiting make a good sll- yer polish excellent for polishing plate glass mirrors
The morning journal-courier., 1908-10-17

Some very effective decorating has been done in wheeling stitch It is Just another adaptation of huttonhole stitch, and, of course, is the simplest thing in the world to do While wal lachian stitch was q rival of solid em- broidery, wheeling stitch will play out limo stitch The stitches are taken rather short and are not placed go close together az to present q solid appear arce Almost any pattern designed for outline may be worked In this variety or stitch All curves are most readl- ly turned -henco the name This stitch variation will be a valuable addition to the embroidery stitches which are called into requisition this season on account of the demand for hand stitch cry upon gowns and cloaka
The morning journal-courier., 1908-10-17

Creosote should never be put in hollow tooth for toothache It relieves the pain, but in time destroys the sub stance of the tooth, Leave creosote to expert use.
 Don't curl or plait child's halr tightly if you want it to grow long and thick, Many a scanty crop of tresses in later life IS due to stralning the hair while a child Is growing,
 To keep the finger nails in good shape file them every day rather than cut them once or twice week. Then hold the hands in warm water for about ten minutes, after which push pack the cuticle.
 The following recipe makes good wart eradicator. subllmate sulphur,
 ~ grains; glycerin, five fluid drams; aaatic acid, one fluid dram Apply re. leatedly 10 each wart, continuing the catment for several days. The warts iry up and then drop off. Ordinary buttermilk Is one of the hest cosmetics at this time of year The tactic acid In the milk has a most i beneficial effect on the skln and causes 'a1ing of the little stains due to de- composition Of the secretion of the shin-which are commonly called 'reckles
 i For summer sore throat which is often due to the irritation of dust, try | garging with a mixture of twenty grains of chlorate of potassium to an ounce of water. A teaspoontul of the potash to q wineglass of water is a ! good domestic measure.
 To cure wart put drop of vinegar on if three or four times q day and then put on the vinegar as much bak- l ing soda as the vinegar will absorb l Keep II on ten minutes and in a few days time the wart will drop of and leave no mark but tiny white spot | As dentri1ce and mouth wash horax is unexceled It cleanses the l mouth hardens the gums and relieves cankers. In using fl for the teeth make T powder of one ounce each powdered borax and pulyerlzed castle soap and two ounces of preclpitated chalk. | If your eyes arc weak and are easily tired when reading and sewing lt prob tbly means that your general health is below par. A nourishlng diet and plenty of sleep combined with exercise In the open mir, are important When you must work. rest your eyes occasionally | for c few minutes at time and al- ways work In good light-in daylight, | If possible
 i If the heart is weak but otherwise
The morning journal-courier., 1908-10-17

Tn this day of mosqnetalre sleeveGlt is a problem how 10 make them go that they will look shirred and yet be quite secure Furthermore, when they are made of wash net or other washable fabrics 1t is almost impossible to laun- der them if they are made In the us- nal way one clever woman has found that the inside seam of the sleeve may he made liko a French seam through which a tape may be run. The tape should be a little longer than the sleeve ls when pulled out to It's full length, The seam for the second draw string may be taken up on the outer side of the sleeve and through this also a tape may be run. When the dress ls worn the string may be drawn up to tho armhole until the sleeve ls the cor rect length and then the cord may be tied up inside When 1t ls time to iaunder them the strings may be un- tied, the sleeves pulled out to their full length and the work thus made ensy,
The morning journal-courier., 1908-10-17

Wild Cherry Wine. Stem and wash the cherries md mash with a mallet to pulp Press out all the Juice and add to quart of this q half pound of granulated sugar and scant cup of cold water Turn Into crock. cover with cheesecloth and allow to ferment for month When the fer mentation ceases rack off and bottle and seal.
The morning journal-courier., 1908-10-17

To raise the pile on plush sponge it with little chloroform and 1t will look fresh and new again,
The morning journal-courier., 1908-10-17

Sunshine Cake Three eggs the white and yolk beaten separately: one cup of sugar; one third cup of butter: twothirds of a cup of milk; two cups of flour sifted with a teaspoonful of baking powder. Beat all the lnRre- dients well together except the whites of the eggs, which should be folded In lightly last Of all Bake in q loaf tin or in two layer tins.
The morning journal-courier., 1908-10-17

orange Icing - Boil together a pound of sugar and a gill of water without stirring until 1t threads. Take from the fire and beat to cream, adding as you do so, the juice of a large orange and half the grated peel. Spread upon the cake, If too stiff set the vessel containing the icing in an outer vessel of scalding water.