davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1908-08-07

JvnSS GROssCUF iscD The platform
god deal. and Judge Lands has
made sane onerothsEiy remarks about
judges Who leave the Bench AMI 70
around discussing al sorts q p1blsc
9Gestsesa JCage GEosssaP hss Gov
indicated thai be thinks hs knows
uaors iAw thsn Jadgs Lands does evan
II he Is q the Chaasauqsz-
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1908-08-07

ME TAFT hiss declined an elephant
o1ered e him, lie remembers the ele.
phAnI thai ate az night sGd afso ate sI
day, and It teok more thar in posSe.-
49, eo0ld earn 10 keep The beast in hay.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1908-08-07

Clerk of the Court DIR. Samusl
1. Haffner, received letter from
Mr.. Thomas A. Hood, of Sykes
vile, requesting him not to isana
a license to his son, Ralph G
Hood, as he was only II years Of
age.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1908-08-07
aug T-St.


"
Sealed proposals for the Removal Of the
Garbage from the streets and alleys of Fred.
erick are invited for the coming year, begin.
ming September |, 1905, and must be filed with
the City Register not later than D. m,
WEDNESDAY, AUGUST u, 1905.
Each bid must be accompanied with a certi-
ned check for SIS, drawn payable to George
Edward smith, Mayor. which check will De
forfeited and become the property of the city
II the successful bidder do not execute the
contract and give the required bond, with
sati factory security, within six days after
the acceptance Of the bid
The Board OF Aldermen reserves the right
10 reject any or all bids and will not neces.
sarily be confined 10 the lowest bidder IL Inc
interests OF the city so required
GEORGE EDWARD SMITH.
VI. A. Mccartney, Mayor
tity Register. faug. Iii.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1908-08-07

NS- RocNExELIES declines 70 talk
2eos; ths decision a The Circuit y'ourt
e Appeals, 0ag his face is lighted up by
The szaile th2s Won't come CO Tor =
long time
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1908-08-07

Subscribe for TIE ClEl1ks
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1908-08-07

VACANT SCHOLARSHIPS.-AV
TO RESIDENTS OF FREDERICK ~
COUNTY.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1908-08-07
NEW ADVERTISEMENTS

aug 77-It
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1908-08-07

ESTABLISHED 1908.
The evening herald. (Klamath Falls, Or.) 1906-1942, 1908-08-26

Mems Silk Underwear in White, Blue and
Flesh Color. regular $500 garment,
now Closing out at ..............' w
The evening herald. (Klamath Falls, Or.) 1906-1942, 1908-08-26

SCHOOL SHOES
Best Makes on Earth-Iron Clad Brand
Regular ESQ value Fancy Shoes, now. 200
Regular 200 value, now. w............. l.so
Regular LIS value now. ............. l.3S
Regular l.50 value, now. ............. LIS
Few Pair Children's Oxfords at your
Own Price.
The evening herald. (Klamath Falls, Or.) 1906-1942, 1908-08-26
BLEACHED FINE MUSLINS

BLEACHED FINE MUSLINS
yard wide regular l5c goods now &c yard
yard wide regular lOc goods now &c yard
Pillow Case Muslin, 46 inch regular 22hc
Goods, now observation-disclosures. lSc
8-4 Sheeting, regular SOC value, now. .22H
ga Sheeting. regular 80 and 3sc value.
now NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS.. 27H
DnX,c nMEDAII osc THE DAIR
Clinch Valley news. [volume] (Jeffersonville, Va.) 18??-2019, 1908-02-28

ENJOYABLE DANCE AND
SOCIAL.
Ie an enjoyable social and
was given last Monday evenin-
home of Mr.. and Mrs. w. j..
ldl, on lower Tazewell avenue.
Clinch Valley news. [volume] (Jeffersonville, Va.) 18??-2019, 1908-02-28
SIMPLE MIXTURE SAID
TO RELIEVE VICTIMS
Mix this Simple, Helpful Recipe nj
Home and try il, anyway

Get from any prescription pharma-
cist the following:
Fluid Extract Dandelion, one half
ounce compound Kargon, one ounce ;
Compound Syrup SarSaparilla, three
ounces.
Shake well i'm bottle and take Il
teaSpoonful dose after each meal and
ut bcdtime,
The above is considered 10y an emf
nent authority, who writes in a New
York daily paper. aS the finest pre-
scription ever written To relieve back
ache, kidney trouble, weak bladder
and all forms of urinary difficulties.
This miNturc acts promptly on the
eliminatiVe tissues of the Kidneys,
enabling them To filter and strain
the uric acid and other waste matter
from the blood which causes Rhcu.
matism.
Some persons who suffer with th,
Affections may not feel Inclined {,
place much confidence in this simpl,
mixture, yet those who nave tried 1
say the results are simply surprising
the relief being effected without th,
slightest injury 10 the stomach q
other organs.
Mix some and give IL n trial. |
certainly comes Highly recommended
1t is the prescription of am emincn
authority, whose entire reputation, /
is said, was established by II. \ drug
gist here at home when asked state
that he could either supply the ingrc
dients or mix the prescription for on
readrcs, also recommends il rs harm
less.
Clinch Valley news. [volume] (Jeffersonville, Va.) 18??-2019, 1908-02-28

b IN the Clerk Onice of the Circuit
Court of the county of Tazewell,
on the 18th day of February, 1905
r. Walter Dickinson, James Dicken-
son, J. E. Duff, and Alonzo' Han
dy, partners trading under firm,
name and style of Dickinson:
Duff & Handy, ComplainantS,
against
Jos. Gloss and Paul Gloss, and Ii.
l.. Spratt, Trustee and w. l..
Spratt, Trustee, Defendants.
The object of this suit is to have
set aside and declared null and void
certain deed from JOS. Gloss and
Rachel Gloss, his wife, TO Paul
Gloss, dated the 2nd day of Novem-
Der, 1907, and recorded in the Clerk 5
office of TazeWell county, Virginia,
i'm ID. b. No. 62. 7. SD, and To have
the property thereby conveyed, to
wit: All that certain tract, lot or
parcel of land, with all buildings
situated thereon, i'm the town of Rich
lands. Tazewell county, Virginia.
known as lot No. IL, section No. 4,
plan a. of the town of Richlands,
Tazewell county, Virginia, as shown
by plat with certificate, by the
Clinch Valley Coal and Iron Com
pany, dated 9th day of May, 1890,
and filed in the Clerks office of
Tazewell county, Virginia, and re-
corded in said office in ID. b. No. 20,
p. /, ETC., declared To be the property
of the said JOS. Gloss, and 10 subject
same 10 payment of the claim of
complainants, which amounts to the
sum of $133. 16, with interes. thereon
from the first day of October, 1907,
and for general relief.
And an affidavit having been made
and filed that the defendant, Paul
Gloss, is not resident of the State of
Virginia, il is ordered that he do APP
pear here within fifteen days after
due publication hereof, and do what
may be necessary To protect his in
terest int his suit. And il is further
ordered that copy hereof be pub
lished once week for four weeks in
the Clinch Valley News, news
paper published in the county of
Tazewell, and that n copy be posted
as prescribed 10y law.
a copy-Teste:
S. NJ. GRAHAM, Clerk.
j. Powell Royal, p. q.
Clinch Valley news. [volume] (Jeffersonville, Va.) 18??-2019, 1908-02-28

orms of entertainment. On the
land IL was detailed that the
lg had gone to Hagy's and
under the beds and in the
om, and any old place which
convenient. So, when the
losed both combatants, the dead
as the living, had establish
stations not entirely enviable.
lly, said bull dog was given
arstand-politely at first-that
its were Objectionable, and
was an undesirable citizen,
less he stayed on his own
the fence something would
|. The warning was unheeded,
E dog made one visit too
He carried away a load of
amped into his head and face,
w sleeps his last sleep, with a
srned reputation as a scrapper,
4 be remembered, If at all, as q
g, who didn't know just when
here to stop.
Clinch Valley news. [volume] (Jeffersonville, Va.) 18??-2019, 1908-02-28

NlRGINIA:-In the Clerks Office OF
the Circuit Court 81 Tazewell
County, Jan. p, 1905.
Clinch Valley news. [volume] (Jeffersonville, Va.) 18??-2019, 1908-02-28

Who take vacations IN Sanltariums,
on featherweight radons, but the
healthy vigorous manhood and
womanhood tina, constitute the
useful majority. The FIRST roasted
packaged coffee ; sales Of Arbuck-
les ARIOSA Coffee for 81
Clinch Valley news. [volume] (Jeffersonville, Va.) 18??-2019, 1908-02-28
DEEP SNOW IN
HIGHLAND COUNTY
Famous Staunton and Parkers-
burg Turnpike Filled Co the
Depth of Fifteen Feet.

Monterey, Va, february 22.-The
snow storm of early February, which
vented it's fury i'm the Alleghanies,
affords some interesting echoes. Not
for fifty years had such snow block
AIDES been seen. But few are now
living TO tell the tale of 1857, but
your correspondent is assured by two
who recalls that memorable storm
that nothing like il had been seen
until the present month, and. TO those
OF the present generation, the Inn
menSe drifts between Monterey and
the WestNirginia line were marvel.
Numerous excursions, i'm sleds, sIeighs
on horseback and a-foot have been
made To the western slope of of the
mountain, where the famous old
Staunton and Parkersburg Turnpike
was literally piled full for two miles
the depth OF the drifts ranging from
four TO fifteen feet. Through this
long and obstinate blockade narrow
pathway was promptly made, i'm or
der that main service and HORSEBACK
travel might be resumed, and this
narrow pathway, vending its way
between the massive, perpendicular
white walls, made Il weird, pictur-
esque scene not 10 bc forgotten, and no
repetition of it is at all probable dur
ing the present century, the boys and
girls of This day will remember il
with IA ViVidness that Wilt enable
them To describe il I'm detail To their
children and grand children.
n statement made yeaN ago by Il
stammering mail boy ON the old
route from Monterey to Travellers
Reposc. Is recalled with measure 90
trepidation by residents along the
border of the State. He said that he
had seen it snow on Allegheny in
January and stay till the n-n-fiies
blowed it No one who has seen
these Allegheny banks doubts that
they VIII only see their finish under
IA May sun.
sheriff J. Ed. Arbogast who was
snowbound I'm the Grecnbricr Valley
for two weeks, returned few DAYS
ago, making his way on horseback
with great difficulty. lie cites one
bank of snow, h, II deep gorge of the
mountain, that almost covers IA tall
chestnut tree. \ jolly drummer, who
was caught by the storm and detain-
, ed several days ON Allcyghauy at the
, home OF wcll-to-do family, SAYS
that his host located his pig sly 10y
, the grunt of the hogs, removed tn,
snow, and fed them thereafter from
the top of the drift, ten feet above
Z ia GT0HG TIIEBEST FOR
nz1 bbI EKS AND KIDNEYS.
Clinch Valley news. [volume] (Jeffersonville, Va.) 18??-2019, 1908-02-28
j. Powell Royal, p. q.

IN the Clerks Office of the Circuit
Court OF the County of Tazewell on
the 1st day of February, 1908.
w. III. Monk and Mamie Monk, his
wife Plaintiffs,
against
Joseph y. Mcclure, James w. Me-
Guire, Marvin III. Mcclure, Carrie
e. Mcclure, NJ. f.. Mcclure, II.
w. Fugate and Lula Maud Fugate
his wife, John Mcclure, Sadie Nc
Guire, Elizabeth Reed (the last
three of whom are infants) VIM.
p. Brown, Thomas f.. Brown,
Joseph Ii. Brown, Wallace Brewster
and Mollie Brewster his wife,
Fields Helton and Malinda Helton
his wife, Sallie Davis, Ellen Selvy,
Ebert Brown, Virgie Brown (the
last two of when are infants }
Charles w. Helton, Steward Vance
and Mamie Vance his wife, James
Harvey Ball and Armilda Ball his
wife, John B. Hurt, Executor of
James NJ. Mcclure, decd, and S.
s. +. Hartman, Sheriff of Tazewell
county and as such administrator
de bonis non of William b. Brown,
decd, Defendants.
The object of this suit is to obtain
title from Mamie Monk to tract OF
about % acres of land lying in Taze
t,,ly II lo(t a.
scribed in the bill and exhibits there
with filed and being land sold by
James Nj. Mcclure to William b
Brown and afterwards sold by sale
William b. Brown to w. II. Monl
and f. Y. McGlothlin.
And an affidavit having beer
made and filed that the defendan
Joseph A. Mcclure, James w. Nc
Guire,T. w. Fugate and Lula Maud
Fugate his wife, Thomas f. Brown
Ebert Brown, Virige Brown, Wallac
Brewster and Mollie Brewster hi
wife, Charles w. Helton and Eliza
beth Reed, are not residents OF tn
State of Virginia, ii is ordered tina
they do appear here within fifteel
days after due publication hereof, IN
do what may be necessary TO protec
their interest in this suit. And it /
further ordered that a copy hereof b
published once a week for four week
in the Clinch Valley News, a news
paper published in the county {
TazewelI, and that copy be poste
at the front door of the court-hous
of this county, as prescribed by Law
A copy-Tests:
S. M. GRAHAM, Clerk.
6. & @. p. q,
Clinch Valley news. [volume] (Jeffersonville, Va.) 18??-2019, 1908-02-28
NJ :. Ny ROrf0!s;EGstSrn RI
Schedule Effective
Jan. IL, 1908

Ly. Tazewell for Norton,
1000 am 3:2S pm
Lv. Tazewell for Bluefield,
l;35 m 6:54 pm
From Blueiield East Bound.
9.45 a m Cor Roanoke. lynchburg.
Norfolk and all points on Shenandoah
division, Pullman sleeper aud cafe car
t. Roanoke. Pullman sleeper Roano ke
a. New York viz Hagerstown. Parlor
car Roanoke and Norfolk.
SIS m daily for East Radrord
Roanoke and Intermediate stations.
, 80 p m daily for Roanoke, Lynch
burg and intermediate stations and the
Shenandoah Valley. Pullman sleeper
GaIy to Philadelphia via Hagerstown.
9.3S p m for Roanoke. Lynchburg,
Richmond, Norfolk. Pullman sleeper
To Roanoke and Roanoke, Richmond
and Norfolk.
wESTBOUND.
SOB m for kenova, Portsmouth,
Columbus, st Louis aud the west.
Pullman sleeper TO Columbus, Toledo
cafe car.
$40 p m for Kenova, Portsmouth,
Cincinnati, Columbus. West, Northwest.
Pullman sleeper toCincinnati. Columbus
cafe car TO Williamson
$40 for Welch and intermediate
stations. Pullman Sleeper cafe cars
Write f'r Rates, Maps. Time Table
Descriptive pamphlets To any station
Agent, or To w. Il. Devil. General Pas
senger Agent, NJ. f. Bragg. Travelling
Passenger Agent, Roanoke, Va.
Clinch Valley news. [volume] (Jeffersonville, Va.) 18??-2019, 1908-02-28

Bert Barber, of Elton. Wis. says
81 have only taken four doses OF
your Kidney and bladder Pills and
they have done me more good than
any other has ever done. am slill
taking the pills ms want IA perfect
cure. Mr.. Barber refers To DeWitts
Kidney and Bladder Pills. They are
sold 10y Jackson.
Clinch Valley news. [volume] (Jeffersonville, Va.) 18??-2019, 1908-02-28
TRESPASS NOTICE

All persons are hereby forbidden to
trespass upon our lands by riding.
hunting, fishing, cutting timber. pass
ing through, or in any other manner
whatsoever. Trespassers will be punish
ed according TO law.
c.. j. Hale VIM. Mullin III. 49, Tabor
j. Nj. Hale Amy Mullin J. II. Brown
Falls Mills, Va. Jan. /, 1908.
Clinch Valley news. [volume] (Jeffersonville, Va.) 18??-2019, 1908-02-28
: HOUR LAW GOES INTO
EFFECT.

nine hour law went inc effect
on all the railroads
aw limits telegraphers and
handling news pertaining to
wing of trains, to nine hours q
ork, and provides a heavy pen.
r the road permitting or COM
/ any telegraph operator work
er nine hours per day. This
YES employment to hundreds
ators who had been laid off.
Clinch Valley news. [volume] (Jeffersonville, Va.) 18??-2019, 1908-02-28
VIRGINIA: -Tazewell County I,

VIRGINIA: -Tazewell County to-
wit:
To the Clerk of the Circuit Court of
said County:
We, \. j. May, John Thompson
and B. T.. Lewis, free holders of
said county, do hereby certify, that
10y virtue of II warrant To us directed
10y III. G.. Peery, Justice of said
county, we have this day on our
oaths valued and appraised COW
taken up by r.. l.. Yost on his land
as an estray, at SO. The said COW is
red i'm color with white face, and
left hip knocked down.
Given under our hands this DIST
day of January, 1908.
\. j. May,
Johns. Thompson,
h. +. Lewis,
Freeholders.
a Copy TESTS
:. NJ. GRAHAM, Clerk.
II &c
Clinch Valley news. [volume] (Jeffersonville, Va.) 18??-2019, 1908-02-28
E.c. Dewitt g. CO.. Chicago, III.
A BARGAIN.

A good dwellings acres ground
out houses, fruit, etc, in the cor
porate limits of this town. No rea-
sonable offer refused. Apply News
office.
West Virginia argus. [volume] (Kingwood, W. Va.) 1877-1946, 1908-08-13
UNIFORM APPLE PACKING

The Porter bill, which was framed
the past winter by New York leg
1slator and will be presented for pas
sage ut the next session of congress.
provides for n uniform grading of ap-
pies packed for domestic and foreign
consumption. AS things stand Mt
present, there is n wide variation I'm
the grading of apples in different
localities and in different seasons
In the same locality, with the result
that little reliance can be placed on
the label that n given barrel may
bear. For some years past Canadian
apple growers and shippers have ben
ehted by law requiring uniform
grading Of apple stocks. with the re-
suit that on the London markets
where much of the Canadian fruit is
retailed, it brings shilllngs n bar
rel more than sNew York pack because
of certainty that the grading is uni
form. The law referred to may work
some hardship on the careless or dis
honest packer, but IL will without
question be n boon TO those who are
reliable and conscientious and be wei.
coined by commission men, who I'm
way are at present working at n great
disadvantage.
West Virginia argus. [volume] (Kingwood, W. Va.) 1877-1946, 1908-08-13
TREATINa FENcEposrs

In view of the increasing cost Of post
timber 1t Is well worth while for one
who has good many OF them to set
to treat the posts so as TO increase
their life and usefulness. This may
be done in one of several ways. One
OF the best personalities for this pur-
pose is carbolineum, which is highly
recommended by the forest service and
is at present used extensively by n
number OF large telephone and tele-
graph construction companies. While
II may be somewhat more effective
and more expeditions TO dip the butts
OF the posts into n receptacle contain
ing the preservative, the same results
can be obtained by giving the portion
or the post 20 be set into the ground
and six inches above two coats Of the
carbolineum. the first being allowed 10
soak In and dry before the second f.
applied. Carbollneum costs In the
neighborhood Of 70 cents q gallon. II
the posts are dipped I'm hot tar or paint
cd with Il, much the same results viii
Dc secured in the absence Of either
OF these preservatives the application
Of two coats Of common black roof
paint VIII add materially TO tho life ~
the post
West Virginia argus. [volume] (Kingwood, W. Va.) 1877-1946, 1908-08-13
SOME FORESTRY STATISTICS.

Circular No. 40. issued 10y the forest
service of the department OF ngrlcul-
ture. contains an interesting summary
of the progress of forestry in several
European countries and makes n strlk.
Ing comparison between results OBJ
tained under stric; system of scIen.
tific forestry and those possible under
careless and slipshod method such as
Is at present generally followed I'm the
United States. The report makes plain
that In all the European countries
where any serious attempt has been
made at systematic forestry the yield
per acre has increased materially In n
period of years. The method of man
agemeS calls for sustained yield
that is, no more wood is cut than tho
forest produces. In Prussia the forest
yield per acre was twenty cubic feet
In 1865, twenty-four cubic feet I'm 1890
hfty-two cubic feet in 1895 and in 1905
sixty-fye cubic feet. During this pc
Rod the percentage of saw timber
rose from 10 10 81 per cent. which
Shows that there was not only an in.
crease In quantity, but n marked in
crease In quality. In SaXony under
strict forest supervision the annual
production of wood is ninety-three GU
Die feet per acre. In Switzerland sys-
tematic forestry has been practiced
since 16SO, the most profitable tracts
yielding on an average n clear annual
iproht OF So per acre. In marked con.
trast to the results above noted is the
condition of forestry in the United
States. Instead of curtailing the cut of
lumber to make 1t correspond with the
annual growth. we nre today cutting
three times as much timber as our for
est areas are producing. We spent on
our national forests last year 90 mills
per acre, while the revenue from them
was less than seven-eighths of n mill
per acre. In this as well as I'm most
European countries one of the power
-ful factors leading to an effective in
terest In the project OF forestry has
been the enormous losses sustained
from floods as direct result Of strip
ping the timber from the watersheds
OF the more important streams. Not
until recently has this feature been
given due emphasis in this country.
but 1t Is Mt present n powerful incen-
tive to forestry reformation.
West Virginia argus. [volume] (Kingwood, W. Va.) 1877-1946, 1908-08-13

While It Is advisable where possible
for the dairyman TO give his cows
thorough and scientific test as 10 their
milk production, a very good idea OF
the worth Of each animal as n milk
Ing machine may be got by having
average samples OF the milk OF each
COW tested for butter fat at the local
creamery and keeping an approximate
record Of the milk yield Of each COW
from month to month during her De
Rod of lactation Such findings would
not be valuable as scientific data. but
they would give the wide awake man
q pretty accurate idea Of those indi.
vihuais in his herd that were really
q source of profit 90 him and those that
were barely paying for their board or
Kept at an actual loss Two points
should De taken into account In the
test-quanuty and quality oR milk
yield coupled with the average pe.
Rod ~ laciation If n COW doesn't
make q showing on any ~ these points
she s. more than likely deadhead
West Virginia argus. [volume] (Kingwood, W. Va.) 1877-1946, 1908-08-13

Sorrel may be accepted as pretty
good evidence that the soil on which
IL grows Is sour and needs sweetening
with lime. In itself lime has no fer.
tilizing elements, It's mission being
merely TO establish soil equilibrium
which VIII be favorable to the produc-
ton OF growing crops.
West Virginia argus. [volume] (Kingwood, W. Va.) 1877-1946, 1908-08-13

The manure pile and the place for
dumping the Stops are the two chief
places where house flies breed and con-
gregate. on this account they should
be located at some distance from the
house. This may mean carrying the
slops somewhat farther, but 1t will
also mean fewer flies in the house.
West Virginia argus. [volume] (Kingwood, W. Va.) 1877-1946, 1908-08-13

Where an iceboX or cool cellar IL
not available It Is said that water or
other articles may be kept compare
lively cool FOR considerable length OF
time by wrapping the pail In which
they are placed with several folds OF
damp cloth and hanging In the shade
where the wind can strike It.
West Virginia argus. [volume] (Kingwood, W. Va.) 1877-1946, 1908-08-13

The hemp plant. which is raised al
most exclusively in the Philippine Is
lands. is being experimental with In
portions OF Texas and with seeming
success, giving hope that 1t may be
raised on n commercial scale. Expert
ments in growing the plant have been
made In India, Africa and South Amer
lea, but without success. Hemp Is
secured from n variety OF the banana
palm, which seems TO be much at home
In the gulf coast country.
West Virginia argus. [volume] (Kingwood, W. Va.) 1877-1946, 1908-08-13

Better results will attend the grow
Ing OF clover when 1t comes TO be
viewed by the average farmer as Il
primary rather than n secondary and
makeshift crop. When sown with
oats they rather than the clover are
given chief consideration. while In sea.
sons when it occupies the land entire
ly the first cutting for hay is given
precedence over the second, which is
sometimes saved for seed.
West Virginia argus. [volume] (Kingwood, W. Va.) 1877-1946, 1908-08-13

II seems 10 be about standoff be-
tween the city chap who runs his car
at full speed past the farmers team OF
skittish horses aud the granger who
has n pair OF staid old plugs ana will
not give an inch OF the road Just be-
cause his horses are not afraid OF an
auto whatever its rate OF speed. The
two chaps should get together some
day and talk the situation over ON the
basis OF the courtesles nnd merits in
volved