davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Staunton spectator and vindicator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1896-1916, 1908-01-17
SOUTHERN RAILWAY.
N. B.--Following schedule figures published
only as information and are not guaranteed
Schedule in Eject Jan. s, 1908.
Leave CharIottesvlIIe as roIIows

Leave Characteristic Is follows
MOB, daily, l2.M p. m. Local for Danvtlle
and way stations.
NO. ~, daily, rus p. m. Washin gton and
Florida Limited. Through coaches and
sleeper to Columbia, Savannah and Jackson-
Vile; dining car service.
OBS, dda1ly, l2.l0 p. m. US. FasrMafl.
nrst class coaches and drawing room sloep.
or TO New Orleans; dining car service.
No. 30, daily, 1.r2 q. m. New YORK
and AUGUSTA EXPAEss. Through sleeper1
AMI coaches 10 Columbia; Augusta and
Charlotte. Sleeper to Aiken; dining car SER
days, Wednesdays, Thursdays and FRIDAYS.
No. Al, daily. I.32 a. m. New York ana
memphis Limited via Lynchburg) nrsS
49, coach and Sleeping-cars to Rosnoks
knoxville, Cbattanooga and Memphis.
sleeper to New Orle Dining car sorvice
No. 81, daily, Eli q. m. New York ana
New Orleans Limited; all Pullman train
club and observation cars to Atlanta and
and New Orleans; sleepers to AsheviIle, At
lanta, Birmingham, New Orleans; Dining
car service,
Trains leave Harrisonburg for Washing
ton GAO a. m. week days, and DOS pm. daily;
respectively. Trains leave Warrington for
Harr1sonDurg 800 a. m. daily, and s4:05 p: m.
week days; arrive Harrisonburg ESQ D. m.
and IUlO p. m, respectively.
Immediate connection In New Union De
pot az washington for and from BsIti-
more, Philadelphia and New York.
G. II. Ackert, Vice-Prest. and Gen. Mar,
3. II. Hardwick, Pass. Trafdc Mgr
W. Ii. Tayloe, General Passenger Agent.
L.. 6. Brown, 9eneralAgent.
Warrington. ID. O
Staunton spectator and vindicator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1896-1916, 1908-01-17
Russian Post Office SAVINGS Bank.

Consul T. E. Heenan, of Odessa,
states that although the post office
savings bank system in Russia is of
comparatively late origin, it shows a
healthy development The annual in
crease in the deposits now averages
about $46,000,000. The amount on de-
post on August 1, 1903, was $501,-
100000, and on the same date in 1907
it had reached $685., 100000. AS there
has not been any real advance in the
national prosperity to explain such an
increase in the nations savings, the
rush to the savings bank can only be
accounted for by the fact of the peo-
pie not desiring to retain large sums
in their homes.-Consular Report.
Staunton spectator and vindicator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1896-1916, 1908-01-17
1t Does the Business.

Mr.. E. E. Chamberlain, of Clinton,
Me-, says of Bucklen's Arnica Salve,
at does the business; have used il
for piles and it cured them Used il
for chapped hands and it cured them.
Applied it to an old gore and it healed
it without leaving a scar behind .
Csc at B. F. Hughes drugstore.
Staunton spectator and vindicator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1896-1916, 1908-01-17

Opposition to the wearing of feath-
ers in feminine headgear has encoun-
tered an argument which shows that
that are two sides to this as to every
other question. Attention is called
to the fact that were the practice of
wearing feathers to be abandoned to-
morrow 10000 girls would be at once
thrown out of employment in Paris
alone. A champion of the working
girls insists that if bird or a girl
must perish, it ought not to be the
grin. Y. Press.
Staunton spectator and vindicator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1896-1916, 1908-01-17
A Higher Health Level.

81 have reached higher health level
since l began using DR.. Kings New
Life Pills." writes Jacob Springer, of
West Franklin, Maine. "They keep
my stomach, liver and bowels working
just right" If these pills disappoiut
you on trial, money will be refunded
at B. F. Hughes drug store. Csc.
Staunton spectator and vindicator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1896-1916, 1908-01-17
Horse, Hog and Elephant in One.

G. G. Minnick, of 1868 Darien street.
Philadelphia, a week ago cut from a
tree near Secane station a section of
forked limbs for one-piece three
legged stool. The three limbs where
they are cut off are in the perfect
likeness, one of horses hoof, the
second of hogs split hoof and the
third like an elephants trunk. The
mouth and the trunk of the elephant
are startlingly true to nature. The
likeness is of natures own carving.
All Mr.. Minnick had to do was to
strip the bark off
Staunton spectator and vindicator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1896-1916, 1908-01-17
What 1t Calls.

A small jewelled whistle has now
become correct part of a lady's at
tire. 1t is indispensable for calling
children. cabs, dogs and husbands =
Argonaut.
Staunton spectator and vindicator. [volume] (Staunton, Va.) 1896-1916, 1908-01-17
NOTE THE PRICES ON A FEW SPEC|E

Ribbed shirts and pants Observation-Disclosures.
Union suits. heavy ribbed Observation-Disclosures.
Fine wool hose.
Fine black cotton hose, 3 pairs ...........
Up-to-date corsets, assorted styles ........
Golf gloves, in assorted colors ...........
Black fleece lined, co1ors. ................
Kid gloves in assorted colors, the guaran-
teed kind $50. OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES.
One big lot of LADIES' Kid Gloves in tan only
Ladies' Military Hose Supporters. .........
Extra special, Broadcloth, assorted colors,
Los Angeles herald., 1908-02-02

lion dollars, is much too small for the
work assigned 1t. 1t Is now so crowded
that 1t would bother the officials to find
room for one additional press. The only
solution in the present crisis was to have
the moneymakers work longer hours, and
so the plate printers who, together with
their assistants, create our currency, have
been working II hours per day, although
the government does not like to have any
of its employees work more than eight hours
per day. Moreover, so much of strain
Is the delicate operation of money print
Ing upon the experts who carry 1t on that
these printers by no means welcome the
overtime work, although being paid on
the 'piece-work" basis. skilful plate
printer can now earn $40 or S12
day, whereas. under ordinary conditions,
he does not earn more than 81 or SIS per
day
If Congress at Its present session grants
the earnest plea of the Secretary of the
Treasury for complete new money
making plant of adequate size for twenti-
eth century conditions, it is likely that
the manufacture of paper money will he
carried on only from o'clock in the morn
Ing until 4 o'clock in the afternoon. rhe
officials in charge contend that currency
is too precious product to he handled ut
night, when the head men cannot be pres
Los Angeles herald., 1908-02-02

for printing postage and .evenue stamps
(another product of tnis novel institu-
tion), but the work on the currency is Of
so delicate character, particularly where
several different coors are employed In
the printing, that the officials dare not
entrust it to hlgh-speed machinery.
Owing to the fact that all available
space must be utilized, there are five diff
ferent pressrooms at the bureau, where
money may be seen In the making, but
the major portion of the work Is per-
formed In the main pressroom, which Is
known as the bee hive" where there
are 224 presses in operation and where
470 employees are on duty. Each press is
operated by two persons-the plate print
err who spreads the ink and makes the
impression and young woman assistant,
who removes each sheet of paper after
it is printed and replaces 1t with blank
one. The average worker In this mael-
srrom of activity scarce dares to move
from his tracks when the bee hive Is
album, for the presses are set so close
together that to move about Is to court
injury by the long iron handles of the
presses, which, set like the arms of a
windmill, revolve with surprising force
as each press is operated.
With the ink still wet, the freshly
printed sheets of paper money are con-
veyed to drylng-room, and after the ink
Los Angeles herald., 1908-02-02

on the plate Finally a machine that al
most thinks" the wonderful geometrical
lathe-automatically produces the designs
Of that intricate scrol work which adorns
the backs of our currency and constitutes
one of the best safeguards against coun-
terfeltng.
At the outset but one steel plate of
each design Is prepared by the engrav-
ers, but since dozens Of printing presses
must be employed simultaneously to turn
out notes OF a needed denomination 1t Is
obvious that there must be provided
large number of duplicate printing plates,
varying from one another in not the
ninutest detail. This multiplying of the
means of production Is accomplished by
a rather complicated process whereby
there are secured any desired number of
replicas of facsimilles of the original
plate Each of these plates. which in
principle is very similar to the engraved
plates from which calling cards are print
ed. can be used for about $4,000 impress
sons but is then so worn down by use
that 1t must be replaced by new plate
All the printing of paper money Is done
on hand presses. Power presses that are
operated by electricity and do work many
times as rapidly as 1t can be done by
hand have recently been introduced Mt
the Bureau of Printing and Engraving
Los Angeles herald., 1908-02-02

tihcates. and, indeed. every moneyissuing
branch of the national treasure house at
Washington has been helping to scatter
broadcast the coin and currency of the
realm
Now, whereas there have been several
distributing agencies working for the re-
lief Of the money stringency, all the
sinews of war have, Of necessity, come
from a single source--that unique gov
ernmental institution, the United States
Bureau of Engraving and Printing. where
there are manufactured all the securities
for which the republic stands sponsor. At
the great red brick building under the
shadow of the Washington Monument an
army of 5000 men and women has been
working at high tension night and day.
The demands made upon them have not
been merely for new paper money, al
though these alone proved weil-nigh APP
palling. but these tolers must also needs
provide the millions of dollars in new 3
per cent certificates of Indebtedness and
the other millions of dollars in Panama
Canal bonds which the administration has
likewise issued as relief measures.
But why not meet the extraordinary stu
alton by n proportionate increase in the
working force? asks the reader There's
the rub. The national money printery.
although the building, with its machinery
equipment, cost much more than mil
Los Angeles herald., 1908-02-02

Dante had wanted a real city as
the setting for his Divine Comedy, be
y could not have found a more fitting
place than Naples, for In no other city
can be seen more beauty and sorrow.
The country about Naples is very fer
tile. There are splendid farms In the
valleys, rich in wheat, Indian corn, let
tuce. artichokes and beans. On these
same farms are growing quantities Of
oranges and lemons, while great vines OF
muiberries are trained artistically about
these trees Though many of these farms
are well cared Tor, they are chiefly culti-
waited by the women and children. They
are seen, even TO the tiny tots, digging
potatoes, cutting and binding the grains.
II is not unusual to see mothers carrying
heavy loads and holding infants In their
arms.
The Neapoiitan peasant, though she is
bourReolsie In figure, is remarkably
pretty. She has rich olive complexion,
large dark eyes and jet black hair. She
is healthy and happy. Life in the open
air gives strength to her body and color
to her complexion. She takes her hard
work as naturally as the meals she eats.
The monotony Of her life does not worry
her. She finds plenty Of recreation when
her husband takes her and the children
into the village on Sunday, where they
dine at a cheap tavern. Here they pass
the dag gossiplng with friends. Hard as
the life Is on these farms, for many of
these places are heavily mortgaged. most
of the people are light-hearted.
The women make nearly all the clothes
for the family. Their fare is limited to
Los Angeles herald., 1908-02-02

ent to keep a watchful eye on things, but.
at present, they have no alternative.
Even under noimal conditions the money
printery must be operated until II O'Clock
each night to keep pace with the demand
and with the advent of the recent era of
tight money, the daily interval of work
had to be extended until 8 o'clock in the
morning. two shifts" Of workers thus
keeping the currency manufactory In OPP
era tion % hours out of the "a.
While the actual printing of the money
is the most spectacular feature in the evo-
luton Of the vehicle of prosperity, II Is
by no means the first step in the process.
First of all, the designs for certificates or
bankuotes or other securities are prepared
in the form of water-color sketches, and
then, after these have been approved by
the officials who have the decision OF the
matter, these designs are cut in steel by
engrayers. some OF whom receive salaries
OF considerably more than 500 per week.
No one engraver undertakes the entire
task of preparing a plate for a new fash
ion in currency Instead, each Is n spe-
cialist and devotes himself to one particu-
lar branch For Instance, one engraver
may carve on the hard steel the excellent
portrait that is usually feature of every
piece of currency of high denomination,
while to another is entrusted the lettering
Los Angeles herald., 1908-02-02

bread, macaroni. cheese and coarse wine.
They consider piece of meat a luxury
to be enjoyed only on Sundays and holt
days. There is such heavy tax on salt
In Italy that these poor peasants ind a
pinch of salt a luxury. They ind their
life easy compared with the trials and
hardships known to the people of Naples.
For there Is hardly a city In Europe
where taxes are higher and wages are
less. The average laborer In Naples does
not earn more than from 40 to 20 cents
a day. In spite Of this small wage rents
are comparatively high. The Neapolitan
suffers a tax on everything he eats. be it
bread, fruit, wine; nearly all his personal
possessions. even to the number OF win
dows by means of which he gets light and
air. The Italian wars of the past are
largely responsible for these hardships;
the large standing army has been another
great drain ON the italian people.
The women besides raising large famI-
lies. contribute their part to the family
income by washing, making baskets and
cardine wool When work Is scarce they
rent a stand near one Of the old walls
and sell Ash, fruit and baskets. A mother
often holds an infant In her arms, and
has three or four small children playing
about her. In summer time Il gets so
warm that most of the work has TO be
done outside, even to washing the chill
dren and combing the hair.
on Sundays men, women and children
gather Ia the great square to gossip and
to show their calico dresses and gay
acarfs. The taverns are thronged with
men and women smoking and drinking.
Los Angeles herald., 1908-02-02

~ RovIDING paper money in its various
forms-silver certificates gold certih-
Gates, banknotes, ete.--for the use of so
odd millions of people is one of the biggest
tasks imposed upon Uncle Sam. Moreover,
1t is a chore which taxes the governments
energy to the limit In this particular d.
rsction. This Is because of the fact that
not only is there a constant increase In
the volume of currency sfoat In the
United States, but paper money wears
ont very rapidly-much more quickly than
eoin--and so the federal workers are kept
on the jump merely to maintain normal
supply of the circulating medium In fairly
good condition.
BUTT Uncle Sam is kept hopping mere
~ to grind out the mass of money neces-
ssry to make his part Of the world go
round under tranquil everyday conditions.
what must be said Of his responsibilities
in this direction in times of financial
stress when the whole business world
has been crying Justify and perslstently
for money, money, money, and yet more
money, as has been the case for some
months past. Then It is that the money
makers at Washington are driven to their
wits' ends. and some of the records that
we're made during the closing weeks of
1907 in the quick creation of currency
will long stand as marvels Of human
achievement.
Just to give the reader a peep as to the
demands that have been made upon Uncle
Sans wealth producers, 1t may be pointed
ont that In an interval of 80 days re-
Gently there was sent out to banks In all
parts of the country from the office Of
the Comptroller of the Currency a total
OF about $45, 900, 600 worth of new bank
extraordinarily more than double the
amount of fresh legal tender that ever
came from this fountain head In any pre-.
vious interval of like length under normal
conditions And yet the office of the
Comptroller of the Currency is but one
outlet among several from which streams
Of lifegiving greenbacks and yellowbacks
have been flowing out to a currency-fam-
ished country. The Office of the Treas
urer of the United States has, by reason
of the measures adopted by the govern
ment TO enable banks to increase their
circulation, been called upon for excep-
tional quantities of gold and silver GER
Los Angeles herald., 1908-02-02
ZHXZI uZzHE2lYNA alzzzzzZE

has set go to the examining division,
where large force of deft-fngered won.
en- inspect the precious product for de-
Iects Oh printing. Their sense of sight
ana touch developed by long experience,
these examiners turn the newly printed
sneets or currency literally more rapidly
tnah tue unframed eye can follow, and
yet the slightly blurred sheets or the one
bearing an impression too faint to pass
muster Is Instantly detected amidst the
mass of Its fellows, and Is whisked out
ana iald aside for destruction with the
loss OF only a few seconds Of the time
OF the Inspector. A distinctive step IN
the transformation from blank paper to
legal tender is the passage of the sheets
of currency through an ingenious piece
OF apparatus that impresses In red or
blue ink the series number which is
is found on either end of each piece OF
paper money, and which is different, OF
course, In the case Of each different piece
of currency. This supplementary print
ing takes place after the main design has
been impressed upon the face and the re-
verse of the currency and the numbering
machine, which was invented at the bu-
reau, Is something of a mechanical mir
acle in its workings, since 1t sets its own
type and automatically numbers consecu-
lively from / to 1,O00, 600, 900
At every stage Of the making of paper
money the currency in the process of evo-
luton is counted and recounted to make
sure that none of the valuable sheets dis
appear through accident or design. Indeed,
each sheet of money ia counted no less
than 90 times in the course of its crea-
tlon as legal tender. Almost all Of this
counting is done by women, and here 1t
may be noted that considerably more
than one-half of the total number OF en-
ployes on the payroll at the money fac
tory are women. The repeated lingering
takes all the starch out of the money, so
TO speak, and ere 1t Is shipped away for
the use of an anxiously awaiting public
it Is treated to a bath of alum and glue.
followed by a squeeze In a hydraulic
press, from which it energies crisp and
crackly.
The oft-repeated countings and the close
tab kept on all operations at the Bureau
OF Engraving and Printing practically
prevent any loss of paper money through
carelessness during manufacture, and In
all the years that Uncle Sam has been
making his paper money cases Of hishon-
ssty have been very rare among the men
and women who handle the most tempt
ing of commodities. No employee can af-
ford to be careless in handling the raw
material with which he works at the
money printery, for the loss of a sheet of
currency carries with 1t the penalty that
the loser must make good the deficit out
of his own pocket. Now, when 1t is
borne in mind that each sheet Of paper
of the special kind manufactured for use
in money printing has space for not mere
" one, but four, banknotes or Treasury
certificates, II can be seen that the dis
appearance of a single sheet may prove
a mighty serious matter for the loser II
the bills be of 500, $50 or $500 denomins
ton. e WALDON FAWCETT.
Los Angeles herald., 1908-02-02

the tourists that their country is more
beautiful than is the scenery that sur
rounds Naples.
The traveller only learns this to be true
in driving from Sorrento to Castellmare.
The coast bends in and out; the simmer
ing sea is gay with splendid yachts way-
ing italian, English and American flags
For miles one sees beautiful gardens
gay with orange and lemon trees, and
rose bushes heavily laden with roses.
Partly hidden by trees and shrubs are
the spacious white villas, with their green
slanting roofs. The panorama changes
in places to high peaks scattered here and
there, topped by old worn castles now In
ruins once the homes Of Italian counts
and marauders.
Nowhere are the Neapolitans more at
tractive, gayer and lighthearted. The
Los Angeles herald., 1908-02-02

work out In the fields and trip the vines.
The gardeners take equal pride as they
toll in their small vegetable gardens ana
tie up the great quantities OF red and
white roses seen everywhere.
The fishermen as they sail along the
coast are as proud of the sea and const
as of their haul. They say, with pride'
that there is no finer coast anywhere.
The artists believe this, too: they come
here from all parts of Europe and Amer
ica to paint Neapolitan girls and to make
sketches OF this romantic scenery.
The mainland has two towns. Capri be-
low and Anti-Capri browning the sum.
init. wonderful spiral carriage road
goes to the top. The tourist has the
choice Of an open victoria or donkey,
driven by one Of the many pretty girls
found at Capri.
Los Angeles herald., 1908-02-02

The~women are busy at the stands buy
ing dress goods. ribbons and scarfs; the
men are looking for socks and ties.
There are other amusements, such as
a man in a buggy showing his ability to
extract teeth without pain; bis rival is
a jugger busy with sleight-of-hand tricks,
The crowds are only brushed aside by a
herd of sheep driven through the streets
and q few cows that are being brought
home from pasture.
Most Of these streets ara MS small and
narrow as the lives Of these strangely
happy people. The long rows of tenements
are tall and narrow, their sameness Is
only broken by an occasional alley. Most
OF them are 60 crowded that the clothes
have to be hung out Of the windows and
on ropes drawn from window to window
But this poverty and struggle for
simple livelihood does not mar the sunny
Los Angeles herald., 1908-02-02

disposition Of the Neapolitan. Tired-look-
ing men are heard singing some popular
air as they trudge home from work..
When a pretty Italian girl finishes selling
flowers and fruit she starts out at night
fall carrying a guitar, singing and sere-
nading strangers at the different hotels.
70 make the best Of life is the motto OF
the Neapolitan. When 1t gets unbearably
warm In the city, the Neapolitan takes
his family on Sunday into the country for
a holiday or takes an excursion. on the
waters, as blue as the azure sky and as
clear as crystal. The poorest and lowliest
gaze with pride on the bow-shaped coast
protected with gently sloping, grass-cov-
cred mountains. The poorest Neapoltan
smiles and speaks with pride Of the
beauties which surround him. The peas
ants Of Sorrento and Castellemare tell
Los Angeles herald., 1908-02-02

Above in the village of Anti-Capri are
seen plenty of pretty dark Italian women
and coquettish girls. with bright searfs
and happy smiles, tempting tourists with
Roman scarfs, purses and views Of the
town. And a lively business they do,
as the most prosaic traveller fnds 1t hard
to resist their expressive eyes, their fas-
cinating smiles and their coquettish man
ner. They are so happy and naive that
the shrewdest of customers are not con-
scions OF the fact that these girls are out
to sell their wares. Many an artist falls In
love with these girls, who serve as their
models. only to make them their wives.
This does not make them naughty or
ashamed of their origin. They know they
will never be happier than they were
vending their wares or driving their dom
keys up the mountains.