The Julesburg grit-advocate., 1908-09-04

Great in many ventures, alike OF
war and peace. the trainers of the
United States constitution were in no
respect greater than in this: That
they were both among the seers and
molders of the worlds vastest seltgOy-
erning movement. Considered as an
isolated fact, the Federal constitution
is a compromise OF singular radicalIsm
and weighty conservatism. Examined
as a product of the days preceding
the famous Revolution.
when France in wrath her giant
limbs upreared,
And with an oath that smote earth,
sky and sea
Stamped her strong foot and sWOre
she would be free"
it is marvelously progressive dOcu-
ment Indeed, it would, perhaps. shock
some present-day Americans, who are
accustomed to term Alexander Hamll-
ton as an ultra conservative, to real
ize that measured by his time, Hamil-
ton advocating merely the popular
election of the lower house OF Con
gress, was a more essentially Demo
cratic figure than is that citizen who
today shrinks from the trial of direct
primary nomination, or even, in an ex-
perimental way. of the initiative and
referendum. Yet is this not in fact
very moderate statement? In Amer
lea, in 1856, while the more immcdi-
ate precedents of liberty loving sort,
outside of the experience of the colo
MES themselves. were those of Eng
| land they were tied up with numerous
complexities of autOcratic fiction and
aggression. The most inspiring preCe-
dents for popular self-government then
available were, in truth, to be found
| in historic Greece. Those preccdents
lay buried in an antiquity of two thou
sand years: they had ruled but lin
tied area either of space or time;
They were allied with and in a sense
founded on the deplOrable practice of
human slavery; they perished in their
pride, and bore with them to the tomb
lall save the glory of mind, spirit and
! inextinguishable tradition.
Today, in contrast, We boast a con
tinental breadth of republican life; a
nation spread in liberty and power
from one to the other of the worlds
greatest seas; almost half hundred
sovereign states united in a sovereign
nationality; and behind us the accom-
plished fact of one hundred and TWEEN
ty years of constitutional self-goyern-
ment.
Direct Primary Experiments.
Twenty of those years have fol-
lowed notable revolt against the
purchase and theft of general elcc
tions. That revolt began with the in
PRODUCTION in Massachusetts in l>sS,
and has included since the practical
universal adoption Of the Australian
secret ballot; and through almost ten
of those twenty years Ito call only
part of the rolD we have been per-
mitted to measure the results of the
trial, either under state laws Or par
ty rules, of direct primary nomina-
tions in such commonwealth as Min
ncsota, Oregon. Illinois, Wisconsin.
Alabama, Arkansas, Georgia, Ken
lucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, South
Carolina. Tennessee. Texas, Virginia.
and more recently Oklahoma, Kansas,
! Iowa, Missouri and Washington.
Within few years--as part. no doubt,
of the same general trend of life and
thought-more than thirty state Legis-
latures with solemn formali,y have
expressed themselves affirmatively in
+ behalf of the election of United States
senators by direct vote of the people:
and within the bounds of the consti-
tuition, the people of Iowa. Oregon and
Kansas have recently undertaken, and
the people of Wisconsin soon will en-
deavor to impress in advance their
choice for United States senators on
the respective state Legislatures on
which the formal selection is legally
imposed. The popular self.assertion
thus revealed recalls with force that
historic sequence of events through
which the people of the United States
have swept aside, except in name, the
Constitution Electoral College, and
have taken to themselves. In all save
form, the right of direct popular cleo
tion of the President of the republic
And the end is not yet. 1t is apparent
that the river of equalizing human
| life and opportunity. rising from the
Middle Ages with the discovery of
America. draws ever nearer the uni
versal ocean of self-governiug democ-
racy.
Satisfactory Results.
But what have been the results of
the direct primary nomination expert
ment? Remembering always that any
popular law is only an opportunity,
and that its mere letter Will kill, un-
less the spirit Of the people keep it
alive, remembering also the resist
ance of the corruption and intrigue
attempted to be shorn by the direct
primary system-we should not be
surprised at bitter criticism, and even
at the occasional failure of laws Grip
pied by adroit political hostility. Ad-
verse criticism there has, in fact, been.
but it is doubtful whether any signal
failure has yet received the record of
general consent. The conservative
New York Nation has testified to the
satisfaction with which direct pri-
mary elections have been hailed in
Minnesota, the earliest state in this
field of experiment. Oregon writer's
express no doubt of the value and dis
eliminating operation of their system;
| Washington's recent trial, watched
with anxiety, has been sanctioned with
enthusiasm. Governor. now Senator
La Toilette, in his special message of