The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1908-07-19


l6upatlyc and official In Fits origin, bit
mainly the former. AsAsiie name holds
the sixteenth place In order gof fre-
sgtlency among Enelisi sirnanes, those
that bear 1t are far too numerous for
even d large proportion OF them to
claim descent from the offlclals who
bore the title.
The namo Is. derived from the Old
French tnhrosc thai) which IL bor-
,rowod from tho Teutonlc. It appears
In tho Old Ifigl, German As fnarahscalh,
Old Saxon i1iarschalk, Dutch MARS
chalk, swedish n,frskalk, Danish mars
appears to have been nlarho-Akalko.s,
from f,nrllo.s, "horBe,' and skallso-z,
SERVANT.
Accordingly the original meaning
was "tte horso servant" the groom or
stable man who took care 8of the
horses. Tho functions OF this person
were widened to Include those OF the
smith that shod the horses and OF tho
veterinary that treated them, or else
the application Of the term was ex-
tended to these. 81 Fl
In Its most frequent use Il sisynony-
nous with farrier. This use OF tina
term was long common In England,
and IN some OF the Romance languages
ton Of the word.
AS those who piled this occupation
were OF necessity found in every
centre OF population, the name IL found
IN the early records for all parts Of
England. II is still represented In all
the shlres. but Is most frequent II
Nottinghamshiro and Lincolnshire. and
Numerically strong also In Northum-
.berland and Somerset.
It has spread also over Southern and
Central Scotland. It Is found In the
lDomesday as Marescnl, and In the Hun
idred Rolls as le Marechal. 10 Murescall
and Marescallus. BY the time OF the
yorkshire Poll Tax List OF 1379. Mares
schall had become the prevailing ortho-
Igraphy OF the surname.
2 The royal groom or farrier soon be.
came an important parsonage. HIS
functions were extended in various
ways, some OF which had nothing to do
with horses. From the post OF mas
ter OF horse" he became connected
with the management Of great public
.affairs--military. and civil. Hence ~
time arose such! df gnitaries as the great
iMareschals of France the Earl Mar shall
of England, the Lord Marischal Of
Scotland etc, whose rank was among
the highest Of the realm. Only this
5titular use OF the word subsists In
Teutonic lands.
Both meanings OF the word are found
In the Chronicle OF Robert Mannyng,
of Bruno, written about 1888 In l.
.11179 II. (yvace) he has.
'yrher maistres mareschals ferds
aboute.
Delivured innes wythynne and with
cute. U.s.
5Bordes broughte, cordes and cables,
And managers made to stande in
stables.n .s .yl.
On PIP. 292 (LonRtoft) he writes:
AFTER the ersbisshop the erie Mars
challe Rogere
Bifor the Kyng ros up and spak tile
him austere."
The military use OF the word ap-
pears as early as 1900 in Cursor
Mundi, Il. 5000:
S"Of a Thousand men o wal
He made him leddir and n1arschal."
In 1850 the King OF Hungary was
the fright marschalle Of Christendoin
In the werres ayenst the hethen." In
1913 book was published with tho
title: ."rhe Parfait Mareschal or
Compleat Farrier."
The Office Of Lord AIarfschal OF Scot
land was hereditary in the family OF
Keith from its creation by Malcolm IL
lin 1910 until It became extinct in LIS