Los Angeles herald. [microfilm reel] (Los Angeles [Calif.]) 1900-1911, 1908-06-12

efforts of eminent engineers, biologists.
chemists, specialists in aeration, nltra-
ton and reservoir making, and of ex-
perts in the mechanical work OF re-
constructing railways and highways.
Villages, churches, schools, hotels.
moved from the pathway of this giant
project as the Judgment OF the en-
gineers DEGREES, and since land option
ring has thriftily acquired the rights 70
most of the property subject to con-
demnation proceedings the amount TO
be paid out of the city treasury TOT
land damages and water rights alone
will approximate s7o,ooo0oo. the total
claims filed already aggregating be-
tween $4,000, 900 and $20.000.00O.
When completed New York's water
system will be the greatest ever under
taken by any city In the world. Inc
gathering ground for the water is 1870
miles from the city hall and 150 from
the lower end of Staten Island. -Four
creeks, Esopus, Rondout. Schoharie and
Catskill, have been levied upon as the
main sources of supply. The total area
of the watersheds will be over 900
square miles, and their combined re-
sources when fully developed will ex-
coed SOC, 900, 000 gallons daily. The water
is to come from three great reservoirs
in the Catskills, being carried in aqua
ducts that will dive under the Hudson
at Storm King to depth of 700 feet
or more, and come up on the other side,
From there 1t will cross guiiies and
pierce hills In three conduits, and an
aqueduct will then carry 1t under East
river and the New York bay to Brook
Ign and Staten Island.
The main features of this giant
work are to be a principal impound-
ing reservoir-the Ashokan; storage
reservoir--the Kenisco; the largest FL
tering plant ever built; a distributing
reservoir, and the Catskill aoueduct,
eighty miles long. There will be dam
220 feet high across Esopus creek. and
this with other dams and bikes VIII
form Ashokan reservoir. Besides the
waters of Esopus this reservoir will re-
ceive those diverted from Schoharie
creek by ten-mile tunnel through the
mountains, and those from Catsktll
creek and adjacent small streams
through another aqueduct The Asho-
kan reservoir will be twelve miles
long and two wide, with water sur
face of 10000 acres and a capacity of
10000 100000 gallons-a plan for con-
serving water as great as that which
the Emperor Constantine realized in his
underground palace" that holds Con-
stantinople's reserve water supply as
safely now as it did fifteen centuries
ago.
The Catskill aqueduct will carry
the water from Ashokan to the distrib-
uting reservoir in Yonkers. No pump
ing will be needed and from there 1t
will be distributed by gravity through
out Greater New York. This aque-
duct is large enough to accommodate
an ordinary railroad train with ease.
The famous aqueducts Of Rome pale
into insignificance beside 1t, for 1t will
carry nearly three times as much
water daily as did the combined aque-
ducts of the Imperial City in the great
period of the empire when her civic
Improvements had reached their ZEN
It'll. Wherever the water flows at n.y.
draulic grade the aqueduct will be
constructed of concrete. Where 1t Is
necessary to cross those deep glacial
gorges, barely indicated at present by
small channels of such streams as
Rondout and Moodna creeks, tunnels
will be driven in solid rock far below
the surface of the ground. These will
be lined with concrete and in them
the water will flow under pressure,
dropping down into a deep shaft at the
northerly end of each pressure tunnel