davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1908-06-23
"Help WANTED"
AND All CLASSIFIED ADS.

One cert q ~ord-Mtnimnm
charge ise. When charged 10
account actual number OF hues
as set viii be counted. Seven
Insertions made for the price
Of sir when cash Is paid. All
cap lines. or fraction thereof
will be counted as tive lines
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1908-06-23
BALLARD NOTES
fstar Special ssrvIes.l

fbtaf special sefNiefsD
BALLARD. June 20 Arrange.
meuta are being made b. the st.
Alphoneus parish FOR a blk ceiebra.
lion AZ Ballard July The morn.
INK Wiil be taken up with the rea9.
ipg Of the Declaration Of indefehd.
eaee. musical HelaetiSns. addresses
and fecilafioas Jehs r LAWYER
will make the principal address.
Games aHd athletic contests have
been arranged Ion the Afternoon g
entertainment. Oae of the features
sill be a hat trimming eoaieid be
tween Q numtsar 81 the prominent
nsn Of Balinrd The celebration
will close with grand bail In Rec.
rsntion hail In the evening The
naornina and afternoon entertain
msnta viii be held in the park al
ioihlns Recreation hail.
Police Service lnsprs~ea.
Police affairs in the Thirteenth
ward have unasFRon. 4 decided I'm
pfoxasnent since the eoming Of
Capt Powers and three aerReanta
from Seattle Fof nore than year
affairs were In an unasttlsd eondt
ton. a. the men dld not know who
would be- In command VIM A Ma
bors. who vas chief of the Ballard
administration. was retained aa act
lng chief IN the Ballard district bat
a. the promise bad been mad tAat
a captain soula be sent ffCu Sc.
attic. matters remained unsettled.
Sai.orz. who IL an sxeslleat officer.
will remain with the department
when Capt Powers came 10 bal
LARD b brought along trastY from
Seattle. and the station and cells
have been given thorough scrub
bins. n h probable that the entire
lower floor u the former city hall
will BE tarned over 10 thu police de
part Iaenf. The room. which vas
forlaefly used a. q COMMITTEES room
Of the couhcilmeR. wlil be uaed
~ q garage for the police auto
xh.n the Seattle council decides
that one IL needed in the district
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1908-06-23

'Sttuatluns Wanted adNer
uEements sic fer Is wefin, J
times Additional apacc. be pr
llue.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1908-06-23
$1,1OO Home

Nice neat CottAg. aud lot IN the well.
Improved. eradrd and walked district cf
naitsrd This IL fur cash A quick sale
expected
A w CO
Main soc go1 Bestoa Block. Ind 1854
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1908-06-23
ron EXCHANGE.

I have . gued tract % timber that I
ca exchange for sues hnHss amt 'tHt la
this city 4 a Sims az Pioneer hids
seattle. Waah re Irf
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1908-06-23

BALLARD AGENCY II.
Mullen. Sal ballard aV.. OPP.
City Hall. Phone. ballard zoe.
MAIN oFFicE-Seventh av..
between Union and University,
Phones. Main 1859. Ind. AL.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1908-06-23
TO ADVERTISERS.

Classification cannot be gis.
en- after Il O'Clock daily.
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1908-06-23
Get in Now
Navy Yard City

Only blocks from the Navy Yard hes
half mile ~ the pFettissf water front
on the Sound LARGE lots ever ato n
fte Up Terms 81 per week Prices
aud terms Include street grade sidewalks
and wsfer mains Pres certified At
fsract With zach purchase 90 With "a.
10 boats dslly
nHfMERros DEVELOPMENT CO.
ieessio American Bank BLDG
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1908-06-23

LOCAL NoTlcEs.

MIN DektgHs NOTICE.
Nottss 10 hereas sisea - a. set-
dsal4rm within tbs MnAits ~ TAR titf -
s<kttie o. ~ ship bring tnto ~
the pafposs % t4iuns e effsfink -
sale Any mllk " cream fsrfn asr astft
maintained e. heated outside - az
tailk r@rIaiIs o. 6atrf retfnftt isseea
~ the cfrF q @eaftte ffizr e taa I'D
fAy af Jnns. ives viii b~ FHspAed -
-. 18th aaF - t4ne ttes sd 4ii saeh
t..s<rx are seFeeT f~aaIfsd an 90 -
gare aaId fssh day " 1uns. iftts q
ma2~ spsiteatten t. ths bewaetNrnt 81
n~slth ard senit4ta1n fnf ~ WIS -
Aruafssssxnt "a arrefdanFa vita tNe statf
law. and cftY nfainsness
j * CREIGHTON. e n
ccntns 4ssieasF - Health
nfffr~ az ths Cezs missioner = NeaEkh.
C1tx Hall tFi
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1908-06-23
ron HuNr-,,ousUs.


re les t.afks well Furnished house n
naeers EFaua Hlanns trrmH very reason
eete fhene A i1tt -ia-sH
Fer Rsnt s.faom modern house fius
taeatfon references Required ihHt flfst
avenue northeast Phone Nerth so
-.
s-rcem msasFa cottage en, le mias
ataa NaIk Is ilun Marehs fae PEI
uasnsh isis 9Th AZ rhens Mata W.
pos usnl sseom farplshsa eeitsss.
I've uisfks ffem c@f. tae plAhe " de
stHsa - tufke theHs $50 setsf
~ heat s Fssoia cottage. Nth bath
alsersifk dsstfiFt fhsas fAst ftst
WI .sf IN ssss isffas -i''it
80 pes month {, tesma. eantsY. toilet
So als lee a. tsks \ 0uesu Anss
ssH Ne children
a s.resm sestass. furnished issa
hiEhth az
foR Rssr rlAra
SO % modern ssas ssh sss ~aislas
distance Niaia tsef. -issl
,.roam sias. taralshsa Blesif Iiea
e.s4th e
poARo AND ROOM.
-----~-=sa--=s=s->---ss= ---s--s------~-,~-~->---
reur lsfss ssfusaishsa tep, teen.
me.iern ho9seAseEiuH hath. sasstfts
lishi, phone tree ~. ments teel
ssrslis ga rsssss deer -seEG
natsi tssaos igif nslHoas Ne~, msa
sfa .esls enss' , y 80 se.s 49,.
81 80 ena o. Qe lad stsa East east
tlut ~ feaf eonssni.l fsuns nssn -
yeeen aHa taafa ~ tsftmsd hanas fsNs
senshie Naiztas aiss4aes ties ttfh a.
fhens. ssst -.spa
The tsss II te.sa and pleasant furs
uisnsd ffant rnafn tet nian ard eifs ~
tee reaas nee. fss mauth sifieilf
FftsNss family fhsns !. tsfs -ts-se
noom and eesra fet - ssasisa.a
sta pfisais fsmiiY In Nsdyus distftst
fns sisa - t.aks washiHstsn al eah
Private fnsdsfu helas accommodation.
fef e . rsenis. reems asa ssesiisat
tAt&s ! e4r hsss A Efss tst5 Harvard
ffant roon. brsasfaw aac dianss
suitable Cor I've. - aeekiY tes IN
naara for 3 sratiaHs~n sta tasss sfia
ate fsaslly s. g.f sees Hs@f : esf
ftaaas Ana haafH 10 tee Fentiemsa
Gail Al fast Fnurth aknuas5 flat Gtase
is fhsas Msin assa ffsa
Heosa aHa aesra, O. per uesz 4tss
tth ave stst Hmiazt
FOR MISREPRESENTATION.
h
Campers Water treat sites - ~ At
tl4nItaa ufaah - mfnatss ffosn eaimsn
ftssa flsa taafn daily bafhinE tekFh
4 references eaalrsa Easf f8EH -aifsta
WAHrEc-Mtscg LLASEoUs.
--~ssrsss-=sasaassass7
NaatsH g. aea - Feed zeal estate
e4H4tg fHrlaasHia Realty c. Esst less
eeiautta 4
Foa sAlG--miscElLAsEoUa
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1908-06-23
fos NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS.
sAsn ANp noon pAnnAfNa

ASH kNp poon HAH1aI
e,ress ransf daefs anlr 81 - fet al
steek ssses ssl isFEsr thea g. Ia
- n ieahes
Mass - CHEAPER
Ninsaas as loser ~ Tstes
s4sls N4ndeas 49, 1ffss .sasasssstt -
fsxsa shadows nsa Nfire sssffssss o. -
E'nina eiuess xiaas fu9es enfs " -
sssa Hsssfssis # aiffsssat stsss -
st9ss fsoats in usSk. sss ss. fraaa
- ap
Picture raaitiHz L psf feet
cottage ffaat sfhd1ws e~ttea siess
tssfa fsp sisss tsaas. eat W n fsaeF
Nir4aa ssasass sne aeef fsszas=
fraea sse %. al tied u handiss -
saa hase 10 d u drive sac usass We
AAse aaf HWH nigt
cottage ffsas faafs WfsA fsrzF psasi
uars sd NEran eeiee Hiass f1tt
Mertt4a iNs - III sNnss st4aAafd les
- daef fstts Ia per pair Htiafns
aa8f faaax a1d haaEsfa tie csii
aaofs oHiY O. - saeh
D4ds ard aada q .ash etoslax tsen
eat Tor shs p4zrs - 10 fias-
4era Tor pFiFs ilsfs ia eaisa Ne 4
tsafrass he4 aecte prices On heeafsfs
~ diffafwes krtintee We haze nniy ere
price. ead Ns @@il - anf kpdr ship
meats aads anywhere safe fsiifefg
aaaFantrsf
n WILLIAMS CO.
fsis Western ~. seattle Wa
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1908-06-23

AITlN NT1E19IITI" y = :"
Natfee 10 hefshY slNen 20 - peFHaas
s~lttnx milk esthin th3 uei4as ~ ths
CITY 81 SEATTLE thaI % % Hsfore ths
fsth aaY q tane 1874 fhsg m4st us@ss
npplie stIan - The peeafsHssns = HseAth
nn1 aAnitaflan fer = esffy % store per
mt % fsrpas fsrnleh~.i - ths depart
meat n aecartaEes snh tis~ siNin 49,
ard city ufdfn3nHz*
TAls not4es apelfss t. al persons ssiir
fnx tnzfe teen aas - u4egs cess az fFaHi
a stare hecfh stand. cart % ether We
hscles
i r. CREIGHTON. n %
Corr nafasfersr - Hsaith
ONE - the Cammisssensr e Health
ts4ts Bae @4tri
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1908-06-23
apscIAI noricaA

= % ks~ hapeyi We eAa daase
faare4ne stMfautssd tn private
iessans Gepfriseted less -
ss.rs Asf sst serninE ftet
" zs~tees Nseeates Temple th and
fmrrtaa YhafsfAsa FfitsFs -
Siss free sfsxe aanetnk fstePhen*a
Mails ttii. 1 sstt
cueAp srHA NnERRir~
r.as sts.nsra Nfsdwaed and Mas q
fes{ht PARK fef ths stras eefff Ns.ne
~ clyst~ E2stt.nt asa felissus -
y .tkinx ~hxxfF fields afe rant nref thr
1.rgrnS. Hasts ieaVs i.esrhl asiif At
kss Ft0 IT 81. &c ant - Fsi4rh-
fnx .v<sv hear ard = hst uuund tstf.
a. csH4s
An The man mouse TspaiftaE ~ AZ
its eAanehes fuhssF ~ssthsf stftfFsts
- eaars Randall I an c.rSeNtrf I'LL
w.<ssrn Az Mafn tife Ind sisi. @stf
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1908-06-23

re let latks well Furnished house Ii
Neff desirable tafalitf z faamH isNn ATS
faeers Efaua Hlannl trrmH very reason
attic fhena aItf 10 a
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1908-06-23
HELP wAsr.r-MsLE.

wasted for ths Y MArtnn tFrps.
susr k~fm.sn ages - ard ~ Al opsor-
tanitY 20 ess the WertA Faf feh So
fernnatl5n Apply IL FaEAs1 at ~ settTF
te Roanas u - oEsnd csa;fai Hotel. -.
attic sAsRe
The Seattle star. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1899-1947, 1908-06-23

For Saie@ Hetsl near city. cheap
Rates reasonsbis Cell W North 1861
Mountain Home maverick. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1906-1911, 1908-03-26
BOB SMITH
On APRIL 4
Noted HumOrtst Is Secured to Enter
tain Mountain Home
Folks.

The young people of the Baptist
church have succeeded in securing
for an evening the noted humorist
BobS NTH. Bob Smith comes TO
Mountain Home highly endorsed
and is possibly the best known
humorist before the public today
The young people are giving this
entertainment with which to raise
funds for the new church that will
be erected during the present year.
We herew it'll reproduce extracts
from comments from some of the
leading men and presses of the
country where Bob Smith has ap-
/ peared.
Bob Smith is a clever define
ator and clever fellow.
BOB TAILOR,
Governor, Tennessee;
Noble, Ala, Daily item:
Mr.. Smith ranks among the frs
in the land. He is one of those
impersonators who is born, no
made.
He sways his audience at will il
joy, laughter and pathos, holding
them spellbound for hours.
c. BROOME,
Grand Master l. O. o. F. Missis
Sippi.
Mountain Home maverick. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1906-1911, 1908-03-26
RAY BLANCHARD
BUYS AN ISLAND
Fourteen Acres Near Old Geo. Hall
Ranch to be Converted Into a
Peach Orchard

Ray Blanchard this week re-
turned from his ranch where he
has been busy several days plant
ing potatoes and watermelons and
getting the place ready to set to
peach trees this fall. The ranch is
situated on an island in the Snake
river nda comprises about fourteen
acres of some Of the finest fruit
landin the state of Idaho. 1t is but
a short distance below the famous
GeorgeH all fruit ranch and Mr..
Blanchard states that conditions are
equally favorable for growing peach
es which have been a great source
of profit to ths owners % tbs Hall
ranch.
While at the ranch MIR. Blaneh-
ard installed a gasoline engine and
pump on float anchored a few feet
from the shore, which is to furnish
water for irrigating. 1t will be-
neCsseary TO raise the water only
about fourteen feet. Mr.. Blanchard
states that the land is subirrigatec
to great extent and he believes
will lot require so much irrigating
as If it were situated on higher
ground. He considers himself very
fortunate in securing the island anc
is getting ready to furnish the PEG
pie of Mountain Home, as we'll al
a great many othres, with the fin
4 est peaches that can be gro wn.
Mountain Home maverick. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1906-1911, 1908-03-26

A big temperance convention is
to be held at Nampa, March IS and
20, under the auspices Of the w.
c. T. u. and the Idaho Anti-Saloon
league. The Oregon Short Line
will give one and third rates on
the certificate plan. We are in re-
ciept of a program of the meetings.
n arc pleased TO note that Rev. C..
E. Mason announced for paper,
The Int d e n o m i n alton a
and Ominipartisian Methods of
Temperance Work.
Mountain Home maverick. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1906-1911, 1908-03-26
p MARROW ESCAPE.

Many people have narrow es-
cape from pneumonia and consump-
ton as a result of cold that hangs
on. Foley's Honey and Tar cures
coughs and colds no matter how
deep seated and prevents pneumon-
ia and consumption. Refused SUBJ
stitues. r. w. Smith.
An eyeopener-Your friends will
thank you if you tell them about
the Elmore cigar.
Mountain Home maverick. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1906-1911, 1908-03-26
TALK OF The TOWN

William Russell of this place was
in Boise on business Saturday.
Harry Watkins was in Boise
recently on bu mess.
Bessie Johnson was the guest Of
friends in Boise recently.
E. ]. Dockery is here this week
looking after legal matters.
]. Hampton was in town from
Twin Falls Saturday.
A. G. Randall. of Boise. was in
town Saturday on business.
J.J. Grant Of Dixie, was a BUSH
ness visitor last week.
Mrs. Frank Boyd is in Boise this
week visiting friends at that place.
Harry Hiatt of Glenns Ferry was
a guest at the Evans house Satur-
day.
w. N. Wither and &. L. He'd
den of Pine are in the city for a
few days.
John Cowen pent several days in
the capital city the last OF the
week.
lillian Mcdonald in East Lynne
Monday, March 80. A guaranteed
production.
c. H. Allison passed through
here recently from Rocky Bar on
his way to Boise.
Mrs. E. F. Goddard and sister,
Miss Katy Brady, paid a visit to
Boise the last of the week.
Bert Kelsey returned to Mountain
Home Friday after months So
journ in atlanta.
]. r. Ellison was up from Sun
nyside the les Of the week, looking
after business matters here.
B. E. Corbin of Boise, who is
promoting business affairs III the
town was in this city Saturday.
A. A. Utley left Saturday for
Wickahony, where he went to look
after his irrigation project.
FL. Lux, of Glenns Ferry, ha:
been in our city number OF days
this week.
Chas. Edgington, the wei
known Snake river rancher. was il
town for supplies the last of the
week.
]. McGinnes, well known resi-
dent of Glenns Ferry, spent a da.
in the county seat the latter part o
the week.
East Lynne Monday, March 3
by a capable company with Lillian
Mcdonald as Lady Isabel. Price
so and 75cents. Guaranteed.
Mr.. and Mrs. r. P. Chattin re
turned the last of the week after
two months visit at their old hom
in Tennessee.
Harry D. Wilbur, proprietor O
the Wilbur House, last week file
a desert entr for quarter section
of land at Medberry. Mr.. Wilbur
believes that he. has secured an ex
ceptionally fine tract and that h
has excellent chances of scouting ar
tesian water as one corner of hi
land is within 10 feet of the flow
ing well drilled by the Oregon Shor
Line, and which is less than i,oot
feet deep.
Mountain Home maverick. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1906-1911, 1908-03-26
Rheumatic Pains Relieved.

Chamberlain Pain Balm relieves
rheumatic pains and makes sleep
and rest possible, which is alone
W z tn many times its cost. B. f.
Croker, Esq, now "a years of age,
and for twenty years Justice of the
Peace at Martinsburg, Iowa, says:
81 am terribly afflicted with sciat-
&c rheumatism in my left arm and
right hip. | have used three bot
ties of Chamberlain Pain Balm and
it did me lots Of good. - For sale by
X. w. Smith.
Mountain Home maverick. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1906-1911, 1908-03-26

The Commercial club ball FRI
day evening, April 3rd. You are
invited 10 attend.
Mrs Geo. Nichols returned
Thursday morning from Portlsnd
where she has spent week with
friends.
d. L. Kimberly who has been
here for some time looking after
his land, left Saturday for his home
in Wisconsin.
Wanted To Rent-two furnished
bed rooms for man, wife and child.
Address box 10 Mountain Home,
Idaho.
A new coat of paint is greatly
improving the appearance of the
front OF Mrs. Hendricks store
building.
Mrs. William Blackwell, nee,
Miss Emaline Hyland, came up
from her home i'll Glenns Ferry Fri
day and spent few days with her
parents here.
w. ]. Keough, who has been
manager of the Minerva Mining
company at Atlanta, has moved to
Boise with his family and will
reside there.
The Selling Out" sale at Trath-
ems continues. He is selling goods
cheap and they are moving fast.
Call and look over his stock.
]. H. Garrett returned last Wed
nesday from business trip to the
coast. He was accompanied by S.
G. Yerkes of Seattle, no is spending
this week in Mountain Home.
Miss Sumner and Miss iIoldridge,
both of Portland, were in Noun
tain Home last Friday on business
in connection with the Women of
Woodcraft, of which they are or
ganizers.
c. H. Chapman of Wenatchee,
is here looking at the fruit land.
Mr.. Chapman was accompanied by
W. A. Kluckholm and A. E.
Woods of Seattle, who are also in
terested in this section.
Sign your name to articles sent
to this office for publication. We
are often compelled to consign val
liable contributions to the waste
basket because of the lack of sigma
ture. Don't forget to sign your
name.
Thomas Trathen is doing an i'm.
mense business as a result OF The
slash in prices during his Selling
Out' sale. Call and see if yol
can't find bargains hat will appea
to you. The sale is on in full
I force.
The Elmore restaurant is ths
q name adopted in place of the Parlo
restaurant on Front street.
: couple of enterprising japanese
have taken possession and are de
TERMED to fix up and give the pub
lis good place to eat and in thi
a they will meet with the hearty sup
9 port of large number who TAX
their meals at public eating houses
6
Mountain Home maverick. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1906-1911, 1908-03-26
NOTICE.

State OF Idaho
County of Elmcre
Notice is hereby given that in
the. cause OF Amador Galindu,
plaintiff, vs.. Chicago Copper Min
ing company, corpoi ion, defend
ant, All attachment has been issued
out of the District Court Of the
Fourth Judicial District in and for
the County Of El,nore and State of
Idaho, against the property Of the
said defendants.
Dated this 10th day Of February,
A D., 1908.
F. c. SMITH, Clerk of the Dis
trict Court. BY Louis f. Nichol-
son, Deputy.
Mountain Home maverick. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1906-1911, 1908-03-26


men, advised the trac klayers to 90
to the ferry house and put up there
for the night, as mat ter of safety.
which they did.
The holdups went out but return
ed in a short time and notified
Campbell that If he remained in the
camp "a hours longer they or some
OF their friends would make meat
for the grave digger out of him.
Campbell, although a quiet and
inoffensive man, was no coward
and had no intention whatever TO
do the bidding of the thugs-so he
determined to invoke the law for
protection
A justice Of the peace and a con-
stable had been appointed short
time previous, and to the Justice
Campbell went and swore out
warrant against the bad men charg
ing them with threatening to muir
der him.
The constable got the warrant
and watching his opportunity got
the drop on his men and landed
them safe into a place of confin-
ment before their pals were aware
OF 1t and remained guard over them.
a gang of toughs waited on the
justice and upon Campbell and de-
manded the release of their pals.
and giving notice that the gang
would come in strong body and
release them as well as throwing
the court and all connected into
the Snake river.
The building in which Campbell
kept his saloon was owned by c.
T.. Corker, sfterward county COM
missioner, who at that time and for
many years previous operated a
placer mine on the Snake river,
about three miles below the tent
town and who had quite an extern
sive acquaintance in all the var
ious settlements. To Corker
Campbell went and told his story.
Mr.. Corker believing the process
OF the law should be respected, de-
termined to protect his tenant, i'm
mediately shut down his work, sad
died his horse and rode up to Gus
Glenn's ranch on the Little Canyon
creek. Here he found, as he expect
ed, squad of cowboys, TO whom
be told the state of affairs, and all
) hands promised to be on hand arm
ed to the teeth, at the time and
place OF trial, to see fair play.
At Divers ranch farther up the
creek. was another force of cow
boys, and at the same time there
{ were squads of the same at Ethel S
+ Dan Meg mess, Bill McGiness,
and Ross ranches.
: To all these places Corker called
{ on the same mission and every cow
: puncher heartily volunteered to be
: on the spot armed and mounted.
S At the time for the trial there
were about thirty cowboys on
J hand atouud the court house. all
! we'll armed and reinforced by a
4 rowd of gamblers, with six-shoot-
y ers ready for the fray. The hold
= ups were dumtounded and terror
y stricken, and sneaked off. The
e judge opened court and tried the
S case and the would-be desperados,
= now quite tame, were landed il
S jail.
t The cowboys then made a round
: sup of the hold-ups and bad men and
= drove them out OF the camp with
: emphatic orders not to return,
r which they obeyed.
Thus. by the cooperation of good
d citizens with the public officers the
law was upheld crime was prevent
0 ed and justice prevailed.