The Montgomery advertiser., 1908-11-22
By WILL T. SIBERIAN.

l dent of the Confederate States, said:
 The declared purpose of the compact Of union from which We have with drawn was to establish justice, to en- sure domestic tranquility, to provide for the common defense. to promote the general welfare and the blessings of Il liberty to ourselves and our poster ity. and when. tn the judgment of the sovereign States now composing this IConfederacy, it had been perverted from the purpose for which 1t had been or- dained, and had ceased to answer the ends for which # was established, a peaceful appeal to the ballot declared that, So far as they were concerned. the Government created by that com pact should cease to exist. In this, they had merely asserted 8 right which the Declaration Of Independence of l77s had declared to be inaIienabIe: of the time and occasion for It's exercise they as sovereigns were final Judges each for itself. The impartial and en- frightened verdict of mankind will vim 0icate the rectitude of our conduct, and He who knows the hearts of men will judge of the sincerity with which we labored to preserve the Government of our fathers ih it's spirit. The right sol emnly proclaimed at the birth of the states and which has been affirmed and readirmed in the Bill of Rights of the
 
 Union of 17S9, undeniab1y recognize tn eright Of the people to resume the authority delegated for the purpose of l Government
 Thus. the Southern States here represented. proceeded to form the Southern Confectionery. and Is by abuse Of language that their act has been denominated a revolution. Thew formed new alliance. but within each state its Government has remained and the rights of person and property have not been disturbed. The agent through whom they communicated with, for eign nations is changed. but this does not necessarily interrupt their foreign relations.
 Ths Imterests of Agriculture. | Moving further into his address, tgesident Davis. before he took up the question of slavery, argued the injus- ttSe of taxing an agricultural people to support the industries of a manu- featuring people The stress he laid l upon this issue clearly indicated that he considered it no less than slavery vital question in the issues which had sundered. the country.
 Continuing he said:
 As an agricultural people-whose chief interest is the export of com modity required by every mapufactur- ing country--we demand the, freest | trade policy our necessities will per mt, IL Ia alike our interest and that | Of those to whom we would sell aud from whom we would buy that there ahould be the fewest practicable re- a&E1cSsohs~ upon the asinterehange of ] ,commod ties. Tlefa can be. but little i rivalry between ours and any smantl- tacturing or navigating community, Antericap Union. It must follow, 1 thereFote. that a mutual will would invite good will and kind ofices. If, however, passion or the lust of dominion should cloud the Judgment or inflanae the ambition of these States. we. must prepare to meet the emer- gency and to maintain by the arbitra- ment of the sword the position we have assumed among the nations of the earth
 The scientists are accustomed to say that nature abhors vacuum. but na- ture never abhorred a vacuum as much as Democracy abhors paternalism in government. It matters not whether it Is the Populistic paternalism of the Ocala platform, or the Republican doc Urine of 8 protective tariff, Democracy as 1t comes from Jefferson will have none of 1t.
 When the Hepburn Rate Act was passed two years ago 1t was a popu- lar epigram in Washington, supposedly at the expense of the two venerable Senators from Alabama to say: Senators Morgan and Pettus voted against the bill because 1t was con- trary to the Confederate Constitution"
 There was a kernel of truth in the epteram, in that the pAternalism of the bill was in conflict with the lifelong principles of Democracy, and to that extent 1t was opposed to the Democ- racy that was embodied by the makers of the Confederate Constitution who wished to keep rigidly to The lines marked out by Jefferson and his asso- ciates.
 when the makers of the Confeder- ate Constitution had gotten together their chief desire was to avoid the mis- takes that had betn made through well intended compromises which had re- suited in secession. So in the pream- ble of the Constitution they wrote; eve. the people of the Confederate states. each State acting in It's own Sovereign and independent character. and with the exception of the latter cIausa the preamble is exactly the same as that of true doctrine of State's rights and made clear the issue which had brought about secession.
 Then the ution-makers con- tinued to follow the lines of the Uni tsd states Constitution until it came to inc question of transferring power to Congress; the Confederate Constitu- lion changed the words vested" to "deierated." which word expressed the nollfieal position of the founders of the new Constitution
 And here comes a small but vital difgerence between the two Canstitu- tions. a clause which, If it was in effect now with existing issues. would make history A section of the Confederate Constitution gives to State Legisia- tures the right to impeach Federal .Judge. What fuss that section would have raised had 1t been operative in the good year of 1907
 The Main Difference.
 sact,on 8 of the Confederate Con- stitution however. holds the principal difference between the two govern mental documents. The principal part of this section reads as follows:
 "No bounty shall be granted from the treasury; nor shall any duty or taxes on importations from foreign na tiona be laid to foster any branch of indnstry and all duties, imposts and excises shall be uniform throughout
 There is a brief little clause in the Confederate Congress which opens an entertaining field pf speculation. It aufborizes Congress to pass a law al- lowing cabinet officers to have a seat m the floor of Congress where they shall have the right to speak but can not vote This is a bit from the Eng lish government, which has never been given a trial in America.
 Then comes a certain vital part of the Constitution of the Confederate