The times and democrat. [volume] (Orangeburg, S.C.) 1881-current, 1908-10-16
FIGHT SAN JOsESCAlt
'CLEnEsoN EXPERT SENDS our
IMPORTATION.
use Of Winter Sprays the Only Means
by which the Fruit Troe Pest Can
SIS be Brought Under Control.

by Which the Fruit Tree Pest Can
W Ee .Bcoughs Under Control.
DIR. A. F. Conrad. entomologist
OF the South Carolina Exneriment
Station. mas given the following in
goynation aud directions for far
ners concerning the Jose scale
which Is SO injurious to fruit trees
in cotton sections:
The season Is rapidly approaching
when NE. must be seriously co:l-
sidering the question of San Jose
scale control. It Is with winter
sprays only that this pest can be
brought under subsection, aud these
y must be applied when the trees are
dormant and leahess. 9lthough the
insect is very resistant and any spray
sufficiently penetrating to kill the in
sect under the scale; if applied in
summer It would kill the tree. In
this article we consider the essen
tials OF a good spray pump and the
grades or ingredients. Blunderins
when purchasing the equipment and
material may make spraying expea-
sive and Improbable.
''In selecting a spray pump the
orohardist must be governed by the
circumstances. Cheap tin or copper
pumps cannot be used for this spray
nor do we recommend knapsack
pumps for this purpose. a substi-
tute pump with brass working parts
should be secured. 1t should be-
fitted with 25 feet Of hose. and
in case Of large trees an extension
rod should be used so that all parts
of the tree can be reached. Light
extension rods can be purchased
from any dealer in spraying appa-
ratus or serviceable one can be
made OF gas pipe with threads cut
at each end to flt hose and nozzle.
Where only a few trees are to be-
sprayed the end of the hose contain
Ing the nozzle may be fastened to-
8 pole, and in this manner the tops
Of trees can be reached. In all spray
ing operations with lime-sulphur
wash Vermorel or misty nozzle
should be used. These nozzles throw
cone-shaped. misty spray and do not
become lealSy. A Bordeaux nozzle
is unsatisfactory. as it soon becomes
leaky. When buying Vermorel
nozzels. they are generally
supplied with several caps
having holes Of different
sizes. The msdium-size hose, which
lis sbout Lie inch in diameter, is
best adapted for spraying this wash.
Where only a few trees are to be
sprayed. q bucket-pump, costing
abo.t SS. will answer tbs purpose.
In orchards OF one hundred o'
more trees. barrel-pump. COSTING
from SIS to $40, is recommended.
II may he ftted with two leads OF
hose, the barrel having capacity OF
flfty gallons. thus economizing time
and labor.
The 1-a-inch four-ply hose is gen
orally used. It costs about 10 to II
cents foot. The best quality hose
costs about is cents. and is the cheap
est In the ead. A wire-wound hose.
although heavier. will stand more
abuse. as we'll as much higher
pressure. Every barrel pump should
be provided with "a good agitaeor
as we'll as IN air chamber sufficiently
large to insure steady pressure.
When the working parts Of the pump
are above the barrel or tank 1t pre-
vents tho parts from becoming rusty
and cerroded. On the other hand, I,
is often desirable to have the work
ing parts in the barrel to facilitate
getting around trees with low, spread
ing branches. For large orchards
of several thousand trees, the pump
is mounted on q wagon tank or
three hundred gallons capacity. Such
a tank costs about SIS. A double
action pump Is recommended for this
equipment in all cases.
"It Is recommended that calcium
sime be Used In all cases as magne-
sium fine does not unire so well with
the sulphpr and furthermore it often
contain Jumps that will not slake.
Such Jumps are nuisance when
preparing the wash. Any grade OF
lime that does not lake completely
is undesirable. Great care should te
taken to avoid the lime becoming
air slake. Where it must be kept
on hand for some time 1t Is we'll to
sake It and keep it covered with
water In a pit
"The two grades Of sulphur used
in making this wash are -four and
flowers Both grades are satisfac-
tory, but as -four Is about SO per
cent cheaper it Is recommended.
There are other brands Of sulphur
in the market, but frequently are
lumpy and undesirable unless ground
before using. The price in small
quantities should not exceed cents
per pound, while ground, or -four
Of sulphur bought In 100-pound lots
should not exceed to 8 IL cents
per pound. Z. Q. b. original shipping
point"