Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1908-05-13
photo by Clinedinst.)

ard he met the governors. members OF
! the Supreme Court and others who were
! his dinner guests last night in the blue
dra wing room.
After the reception the governors assem-
BLEED on the portico of the White House
with the President and Vice President
and the specially invited guests who
/ included w. j. Bryan, Andrew Carnegie.
/ J. J. Hill and Gustave Schwab. where
several photographs were made. While
the group was being formed President
Roosevelt chatted enthusiastically with
| Gov. Hughes of New York. also with Mr..
Hill. Mr.. Bryan and others.
The photographers made four negatives
! The President was in the middle of the
row that was seated, with Vice President
Fairbanks on his left and John Mitchell
on his right. Three seats from the right
of the President sat w. J. Bryan. whose
compa Mon was James J. HILL Prior to
| the Photographic scene the President
shook hands with all the delegates and
others who were present. including a
| large number of senators and representa-
| tives
This Afternoons Session.
The conference reassembled at 30 p m.
| to hear addresses by Andrew Carnegie,
DR. l. c. White and John Mitchell.
| Empha sizing the thought that "knowl-
| edge is power" and that the greatest
| need of the present day is for better and
! gle. in the first address o.. the meeting
of the governors this afternoon. sounded
| the very keynote of the conference. In
| opening he declared that iron and coal
perity,' and. in closing. he pointed out
| that the conservation of ores and re-
| lated metals" with particular reference
| TO iron and coal. can only be accOmpl: sh-
ed by a widespread campaign o. educa-
ton and legislation. IF our career of
prosperity is to continue. 1t must be on
the basis of more complete control of
| national sources of material and power
| than we have thus far exercised. a con-
| troll to be gained only by research" he
| said:
| MIR. Carnegie carried both coal and
| iron in review before his auditors. He
| predicted il the present wasteful methods
| of coal mining are not improved, and If
| the consumption increases in the same
ratio as it has during the past decade.
that by 1887, at least One-eighth of the
cOuntrys known available supply of fuel
! will have been exhausted. And IL there
| is not careful outstanding revOlu-
| tionizing inventions in the meantime. that
| the greater part o. our estimated original
heritage of .5O0OOO.OOO.OOO tons of coal
will be practically entirely used or wasted
| by the end of the next century. or at most
! two hundred years hence
| Concerning Uncle Sans present st. *
! of iron ore. Mr.. Carnegie stated the lat
| est trustworthy estimates place the guam
/ D.
ing the rapidity with which the ore has
| been used. the speaker said:
Iron Ore Production.
The total production of iron ore in the
United States up to 1880 was some 275,-
G0OOOO tons in the next ten years it was
nearly 2OO.UOO.OOO. and in the seven years
from 1901 10 1907 more than 27O,OOO0OO
| tons were produced or nearly as much
no GrS
history. The aggregate production to
| date. 1jO.OOO.COO tons. is about One-th,r-
| teenth of the estimated original supply
AT the recent rate of increase doubling
each decade) the production in 1918 will
| exceed 1OO.OOO.DW tons. by 1928 200 ono 900
| tons. and by 1898 il will be over 400 OOo OOO
tons-i- e.. in that single year. which
many OF US may expect to see. an amount
approXimating the entire production in
the United States up TO the close of last
| year. BY that date about half of the
original supply will be gone. and only the
| lower grades o. ore will remain and all
the ore now deemed workable will be used
long before the end of the present CEN
tury.'
Mr.. Carnegie declared that the nation
must nnd means To lessen the demands
upon iron, and among the remedies he
mentioned was the substitution of water
carriage for rail carriage wherever pos
sible. Moving loo tons of heavy freight
by rail requires nearly many tons OF
iron and steel" he said. including an
eighty-ton locomotive. twenty live twenty
ton steel cars and an average of eighteen
miles of track, while the same freight
may be moved by water by means of loo
to I'D tons of metal, SO that the sub
| stitution or water carriage for rail car
rage would reduce the consumption of
| iron by three-fourths to seven-eighths in
this department.
The next great use Of iron is i'm con-
struction. especially of buildings and
bridges. Fortunately the use of concrete
simple and reinforced Is already reducing
the consumption of structural steel
| "A large current use of steel Of the
highest quality IL for battleships, ord
nance. projectiles and small arms. Hap
PLY there are signs OF an awakening OF
, the public conscience and OF the sense OF
national righteousness whereby civilized
nations must be led to adopt those moral
| standards which already regulate indi-
| vidual conduct: the world is soon To learn
that war is not only too disgracefully in
human. but too waSteful to be tolerated
and this serious drain upon our iron ores
will cease.
A Promising Mode.
"A promising mode of reducing iron
consumption is opening through the de-
velopment of iron alloys. IL was only
within the memory of men now present
that nickel, silver, Zircon. tungsten and
other minerals were scientifically alleged
with iron to yield those prOt-an modern
steels adapted to an ever-increasing range
of uses And the end is not yet: every
expert knows that metal allOying is in
its infancy
J Branching out into suggestion of RENE
dies for the possible coal famine of the
future, the speaker said:
Coal mining cries out for expert knowl-
edge whereby the full yield may be OBJ
tanned without needless risk or loss; ana
for wise police regulation whereby life
may be protected against ignorance and
cupidity.
The most promising check on coal con-
sumption is the substitution Of other
power. Naturaiists tell us that coal Is a
reservoir of solar energy stored up In
ages past. The sun-mOtOr still runs. its
rays render the globe habit able. and may
yet be made to produce power through
solar engines, or may he concentrated in