The Guthrie daily leader. [volume] (Guthrie, Okla.) 1893-1996, 1908-01-04
Many FulIbIOOds Still Cling
to the Original Style
Of DugOE!

A great majority OF the people Of
the United States, aud especially those
living east of the Mississippi river,
have the mistaken idea that the abort
leine Indian lived exclusively in tepees'
constructed IN earlier times OF SKINS
and by later generation of cloth. On
the contrary, however, almost every
Tribe had separate and different kinds
OF dwelling, a distinct type OF archi-
itceture. In their permanent villages
the Indian used their peculiar kind OF
architecture exclusively in the con-
strnotion Of their dwellings. although
1.-THE tepee as a rule was used on hunt
ling and war expeditions where a tenn
lporary village must at times be moved
quickly
J Even az the present time the full
! .-lOods of many tribes refuse to aban-
don their original style OF dwellings
but on the contrary still construct
and live IN the same manner Of house
that wos In existance even before the
time OF the first Spanish invasions.
When Coronado, the Spaniard who
lexplorad Oklahoma and Kansas dur
ing the Sixteenth century. finally
arrived at Quivira, the wonderous
famed city OF the Pawnees, he found
but a small village of earthern lodges
land today some of this kind Of archi-
lecture may be seen on the Pawnee
Reservation in northeastern Oklahoma.
The early white settler copied the
Pawnee when he constructed dug
out for his dwelling house, and the
inhabitant OF the west today finds
comfort Of having built a refuge in
the time Of storm of similar material
aud pattern as that used by the Paw
nees.
The Kickapoos are still building on
their Kansas reservation. and also in
the state of Coaduila, Mexico. where
so NAM of them are colonizing. a
house built of bark domeli like struc-
ture that has marked the K1ckapoo
type OF architecture for many years
Just as distinctive a tyDe Is the grass
house of the Wichitas, the only tribe
now living within the United States
10 live ia such dwelling. MANY Of
| the grass houses are still In south
western Oklahoma. and they are one
Of the intrestlng sights Of the coun-
try The sod houses OF the home
steaders were copied ia q great part
from the architecture Of the Wiehitas
The Navaioa have always been q
nomadie tribe A few are still re
; siding in Southwestern Oklahoma,
: but the majority live in Arizona and
New Mexico In cold weather they
seek the shelter az their winter no
gana. which are crude mud shacks
with a door to the east. Often several
families occupy one hogan and their
fire ig usually built IN the center on
| the dirt floor In the hot weather the
Nayalos occupy 3 summer hogan. a
brush top shelter with open sides.
Most OF the families In Arizona and
New Mexico have sheen and follow
their flocks wherever they may wan
der,camping first on one mesa and
then on another.
, The Mancobas. the Moiave and the
I Pimts. all living in the more western
I Territories. build brush and pole
houses, while the Abijas and the CHIP
I peways build thoir homes OF skins,
stretched on poles. The typical &c.
/ pee as used by the Poncas, Otes and
other tribes Is still used hy a maiorl.
: ty OF the tribes during the summer
: months in particular. although the
Poncas and Otoes use them the year
round In regard % their homes,
Chief Little Feathers-oRe Of the
= prominent Ponca snbchiefs OF today
IT lays that they never become too
z. not in summer OF too cold in winter
Raise Hp bottom In summer; bank
up outside In winter: wind never &c
g through cloth; no wind. no cold"
4 The cost of the home, such as that
lnf Chief Little Father is but little tc
the Indian Of icaay and requires
y much less work even than when II
st was necessary for the construction ol
Y the tepee
Oitentimes. Il has been shown 20 an
Indian that be has plenty OF money
4 with which 70 build a costiler home
u of the white mans pattern but as
D rule the full blood is hard 10 IN
fluence. The fatillty OF human en-
deaVOv WAS recently rxp,sined Z,
{ an aged comanche chief. following al
argument 20 induce him to build 4
modern house. He snid Il knew q
white man He good man Kind {
4 iniun. he good G work hard. All
y time work. Great farm Big house
e fhen one day | saw man come an,
a get upon box and sell farm ana givl
e money an 70 soneoee else Aud gO0s
man and his BOYS got nothing. In
= jun live an time IA tepee SQuag
make corn Ia little patch. lnlun hunt
Aeyee 80 iniun not build big house.
: For several years nasN the Smith
I aonlan institution al Washington ha'
neea encourafIIkg the preservation D