davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1903-1909, 1908-04-11
INSTRUCTIVE STATISTICS.

The government Crop Reporter for
January contains some very interesting
data In tables which show the average
yields of grain per acre In the United
States during the forty year period
beginning In 1868 and ending with the
close Of 1907. During the first five
years of this period the average yield
Of the leading cereals was as follows:
Corn, 27.8 bushels; wheat. 1873; oats,
29.2; barley, 23.8; rye, 1873. In the
last Ave years of the period from 1908
to 1907 the yield Of the same cereals
was: Corn, 27.5; wheat, 1879; oats, 299;
barley, 1885, rye, 16 bushels respec'
lively. There are some helpful de.
auctions and lessons that may be
drawn from the figures given. Among
them Is this-that a more exact and
scientific type of agriculture has not
during the period served to counterfeit
the loss In fertility Of soils that to be-
gin with were marvelously prodigal
and responsive. The figures given also
emphasize the fact that those who are
engaged In the good work must con-
tinue preaching the gospel Of better
type of agriculture which Will restore
to the soil Its lost estate of pristine
productiveness. Another fact that Is
brought out Is that there must be
scad Of redhanded agricultural sinners
who are prosecuting wretchedly I'M
profitable type Of agriculture to bring
the yields of the cereals named down
to SO low figure. Every farmer In
the country should consider It his per-
sonal, religious and patriotic duty to
raise such crops as will put him on the
upside Of these paltry averages-to be
a litter up instead of puller down.
The Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1903-1909, 1908-04-11
APPALACHIAN FOREST RESERVE

There has been no measure before
congress In many years more vital as
affecting the forestry interests of the
country than the bill introduced in the
house of representatives last December
and In the senate somewhat later for
the creation Of an Appalachian forest
reserve. Under the terms of the bill
the secretary Of agriculture is author
lied and directed In his discretion to
acquire for national forest purposes by
| purchase or gift lands more valuable
for the regulation of stream flow than
for cultural or other purposes situated
on the watersheds Of naviga BILE. streams
In the southern Appalachian mountains
within the states Of Virginia, Maryland,
West Virginia. North Carolina, South
Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, Kentucky
and Tennessee and In the White noun
tains In the states Of New Hampshire
and Maine. Among the more impor-
tant provisions Of the bill are specifica-
tons of the conditions under which
title is transferred from the individual
to the federal government, permission
being given to except title to minerals
or standing timber on tracts that may
be transferred. The secretary Is EN-
powered to advertise for lands In the
several states and must take those that
are offered at the lowest price, but
only after the legislature Of the state
In which the land Is located shall have
consented to the acquisition Of such
land by the United States for forest
purposes. The bill sets aside 100000
which shall be available Immediately
upon the passage Of the bill for the
purchase Of the lands mentioned. Pro
vision Is also made for the sale of agrl-
cultural lands which may be located In
these mountainous areas In the ordi-
nary homestead method, but in tracts
not exceeding eighty acres to each set
tiers The bill provides that lands ac-
Quired under the act shall be reserved,
held and administered as national for
est lands. People residing in these
forest reserves continue under the
same legal Jurisdiction as prior to their
sale to the federal government except
In the matter Of offenses against the
United States. Under the terms of the
bill the secretary of agriculture not
only has oversight over the government
reserve proper, but may for the protec-
ton of the watersheds of said naviga-
BILE streams agree to administer and
protect for definite term Of years any |
private lands situated upon any of
these watersheds, but on condition that
timber thereon shall only be cut In ac |
cordance with the rules and regula lions |
which the government shall prescribe |
Friends Of the forest preservation pol |
Icy OF the present administration view |
this measure as one Of the most vital |
which have ever been before congress, |
and 1t Is earnestly hoped that the meas
ure may become law. The Individual |
citizen cannot do much, but he can |
write his representative In congress |
II In doubt about his attitude and urge |
him for love Of country and consldera- |
ton for the welfare Of future genera |
lions to give the bill his cordial support |
The Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1903-1909, 1908-04-11
A TREE FOR THE NORTH.

The attention Of readers of these
notes has been called before to the
Norway poplar as valuable tree suit
cd to planting In the northern portion
Of the central west. The poplar in
question bears no cotton or seed, as
does its cousin, the cottonwood, but is
propagated entirely by cuttings. The
tree grows straight. The wood is
straight grained and makes good lum-
Der and also splits easily, seasons
quickly and makes excellent summer
fuel. The growth of the tree is rapid.
In Minnesota, where 1t was introduced
some years ago, 1t has been known to
attain height Of fifty feet and d.
ameter Of seventeen inches In fourteen
years. The tree seems to be very
hardy and adapted to variety Of soil
and moisture conditions. Experiments
which have been conducted by the fed
eral forest service show that the Nor
way poplar is superior to the Carolina
poplar because of greater hardness,
better form and superior quality of
wood.
The Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1903-1909, 1908-04-11

If the farmer is In such straits f1nan'
cially that he must economic, let him
go without socks and undershirt rather
than scrimp on the price Of seed corn
or oats that he has to buy this season
He would be far better off at harvest
time or husking If he got good seed
oats at Is cents and seed corn at So
than he would to take poor seed Of ell
Their grain as a gift. Economic II one
must, but let 1t not be in seeds of any
kind.
The Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1903-1909, 1908-04-11

The present cotton output Of Brazil
In estimated at $4,000 tons, and, accord
ing to reports received from United
States consuls living In that country,
the industry is increasing rapidly.
Primitive methods are still In vogue,
however, and the quality of the prod
uct is poor.
The Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1903-1909, 1908-04-11

A much more sensible and profitable
type Of agriculture will prevail than LIS
general today when every quarter sec
ton farm In the country supports a
herd Of from thirty to sixty sheep They
are large consumers Of waste vegeta BILE
growths--the byproducts Of the farm
and for this reason every landowner
should keep fock.
The Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1903-1909, 1908-04-11

The total clip of wool in the United
States for 1907 was 29S,294, $50 pounds.
including the washed and unwashed
product OF the total output there
were 130,359,11S pounds Of secured
wool, valued at 1928, 1865.
The Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1903-1909, 1908-04-11

Every bit Of clover seed that Is
bought this spring should be carefully
examined under a microscope before
1t is paid for and put In the soil. The
seed is bound to be high, and the
temptation will be great to adulterate
1t with the seeds Of other worthless or
noxlous plants and weeds Buy 1t long
enough before II IS to be used 80 that
If necessary sample Of the seed can
be submitted to your state experiment
station officials for inspection.
The Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1903-1909, 1908-04-11

About the easiest money made on
American farms, entaillng no drain
upon the fertility of the soil, is that re
turn secured from the 6ocks of sheep
which consume the largely waste vege
table growths to be found thereon.
The Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1903-1909, 1908-04-11

There are four things that farmer
of good health is justified In going into
debt for-namely, thing the wet acres
on his farm, manure spreader. fences
that will enable him to keep sheep and
a soft water cistern for the good house
wife
The Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1903-1909, 1908-04-11

OH Of lemon In alcohol and plain kero-
Bene are both highly recommended for
use In treating seed corn just prior to
planting for the purpose Of preventing
damage by the wireworm. About a
tablespoonful Of oil is used to planter
box full of seed
The Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1903-1909, 1908-04-11

More damage is done the uncovered
strawberry bed during the months OF
February and March than In the ear
Her portion of the winter
The Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1903-1909, 1908-04-11

In the northern states alfalfa can be
more easily started In the early part
of August than in April, as when
given the late planting opportunity is
afforded during the preceding months
to kill most of the weed seeds that
may be lodged In the soil. The soil
should be put in the best Of filth and
the seed either drilled In or dragged
enough so that there will be sufficient
moisture for purposes of termination.
1t is well to remember that alfalfa
like red clover, does not do well on
low or undrained soils.
The Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1903-1909, 1908-04-11

A report which we have seen circu-
lated, but not yet verified. is that Iowa
farmers are taking advantage Of the
excessively high prices of butter by
selling their entire product at top notch
New York prices and are importing for
their own use oleomargarine from the
Chicago packing houses, The writer
Is disposed to brand this as fiction, as
Iowa farmers possess reputation for
good sense as well as desire to make
money in dairying II the charge il
true In any sense, 1t is probably the
folks who don't have any cows at all
that are lubricating their napjaeks
With olsomargarins.
The Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1903-1909, 1908-04-11

The citrus fruit crop Of Florida for
the year 1908 is placed at 2,295,072
boxes against 3,S2601S for 1906.
The Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1903-1909, 1908-04-11

The California orange harvest Is now
well on, and the crop, both In quality
and quantity, promises to establish
new record 1t is estimated that the
total output of oranges of the state
viii reach 10000 carloads, which
means 100000 boxes, or about 1885,
100000 oranges. The harvest will last
until July l.
The Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1903-1909, 1908-04-11

II the 100000, more or less, that Is
spent annually In the farcical distrl-
button of seeds of very Indifferent
merit by the congressman who hope
thereby to better their chances Of re-
election were divided equally among
the several states and territories for
use in practical and helpful expert
ment station work, 1t would be a far
more serviceable disposal of the m oney
The Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1903-1909, 1908-04-11

Owing to the light weight of oats in
so many sections of the country where
an excellent crop of this cereal Is
usually produced the matter of getting
good seed is going to be one of consid-
cradle difficulty this spring. Whether
home or foreign grown seed is used,
the grain should be put through fan
ming mill under a good blast of air for
the purpose of getting rid of the light,
chaffy kernels, which, as a rule, have
little or no terminating power. In
the process good deal of weed seed
is also likely to be eliminated, which
Is decided benefit
The Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1903-1909, 1908-04-11

On every farm where grain is raised
and where intensive methods have be-
come imperative the seed drill should
be used for all the small grains. Not
only is less seed required where the
drill Is used, but by sowing the seed
at an even depth and In moist soil
better and more uniform stand of
grain Is secured, Experiments con-
Quoted by the Illinois experiment sta
ton showed that an increase in yield
of from five to seven bushels per acre
was secured on plots of ground where
the drill was used
The Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1903-1909, 1908-04-11

One hundred and fifty thousand acres
Of irrigable land in Eden valley, Wyo-
ming, will be opened for settlement un-
der the Carey federal irrigation act
June 1, and 1t is expected farmers from
many sections OF the country will flock
there to make entry on the land. which
promises to be very productive under
the irrigation system which is being
completed. The Eden valley project is
the largest of twenty four provided for
In the state. The valley In question Is
situated twenty miles from Rock
Springs, station on the Union Pa
cifc, whence 1t is easily accessible by
stage. .
The Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1903-1909, 1908-04-11

While he may show very humble
and democratic spirit In so doing, a
boy or man is traitor to himself and
the times In which he lives II he is
content to do drudge work and does
not take steps to fit himself to do the
highest class Of work Of which he Is
capable. Not only Is this argument
justifable from the standpoint of the
wage which one Will receive, but car
ried out extensively 1t will reduce the
number of those who are by circum-
stance or necessity destined to do the
rough work of life and thereby insure
them better pay for their labor. One
will always find better paying posi-
ton higher up In the industrial scale II
he only fits himself to perform Its
duties.
The Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1903-1909, 1908-04-11

or an estimated total forest area In
the confines Of the United States Of
700000,000 acres the amount In state
or national reserves Is placed at % per
cent, while the rest Is In unreserved
public lands or private tracts. The to-
tai area, however held, Is deemed suf-
fcient with right management by those
who have made study of the subject
to eventually supply the lumber needs
Of the country, and this In spite Of a
continually increasing demand.
The Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1903-1909, 1908-04-11

With view to freeing themselves
from the dictation of beef prices by
the Chicago packing houses, group
Of central Iowa farmers have lately
shipped a carload of fine beeves direct
to Portland. Me-, where they will be
loaded for shipment to England. A
prior shipment direct to the Liverpool
market resulted in their receiving such
good prices that they were led to try
the plan again. There would seem to
be no good reason why this method
could not be followed right along
whenever Chicago or other packing
house centers were not paying a fair
price.
The Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1903-1909, 1908-04-11

For a number Of years following the
Introduction Of the culture of sugar
beets in this country in 1887 the indus
try was at standstill. BY 1903 the
production of beet sugar had reached
22,344 short tons In 1901 II was 1884,
COG, while last year the total output
was 100000 short tons. The increase
noted is due chiefly to the extending Of
the culture of the sugar beets In the
Irrigation sections Of the west rather
than TO Its adoption In sections where
there is sufficient rainfall to produce
the ordinary titled farm crops.
The Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1903-1909, 1908-04-11

A recent bulletin isued by the de-
psrtment Of agriculture gives an inter-
esting account Of bronze grass, or Bro
mus inermls, as 1t Is scientifically call
ed. For forage purposes this grass is
considered as not quite so valuable as
timothy, but 1t is superior to timothy
in one respect--that It will flourish un-
der semlarid conditions where the lat
ter grass will not grow at all. The
bronze grass makes a firm, tough sod,
IN excellent characteristic while II is
In pasture, but which becomes draw
back when II comes to breaking the
meadow up and putting II into titled
crop, as 1t requires at least two years
to thoroughly kill all the grass after 1t
has once acquired foothold. The bull
letln states that bronze grass furnishes
more forage In the western parts Of
the Dakotas than the native varieties
and more forage In the eastern part Of
the states than Kentucky blue grass,
The Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1903-1909, 1908-04-11

A Minnesota orchardist, writing an
agricultural paper In that state, ex-
presses very serious doubts as to the
hardness of the Northwestern Green
Ing which, while not an apple of high
grade or quality. has been about the
only hope of the apple men Of the
north central states when 1t came to
variety that would keep through the
winter. He states that all Of the trees
of this variety In two counties in the
state which bore good crops of fruit In
1908 died the following year. II 1t
should prove true that this apple Is
not hardy north of latitude As, 1t will
prove a distinct loss and source OF
disappointment to orchardists In the
territory mentioned, and those In par
ticular who have planted It In CONNER
cial tracts In the hope that 1t would be
a hardy winter variety and profitable.
The Republican. [volume] (Mountain Home, Idaho) 1903-1909, 1908-04-11

uct is poor.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1908-09-13

up from tho broken phrases somethir {
which in definite, well worded form
should cmbody the substance Of the
buc gment.
As wc ave e.ssuroi tho higher ranks Of
the stonograph!o profession in krgland
contain a Considerable number Of uni
yer5ity men r many barristers at Law
cult work may bc taken for gneItod. II
may DO also observed incidentally that
no official stoncgraPhic ranks in the
State Of Now York embrace a numSer of
oollcgians, while nos of tho Supreme
{ ourt officials and some others are mem
bers of the Der.
Mr.. Hemfng Q C.. one Of tho Council
1855 reforrod TO an earlier time when no
reported the decisions OF Vico-t hanccllor
Wood and used tho greatest free iom In
c~ordonsing and rewriting them, all with
the werm approval Of the Justice. Lord
justice Lindley in 1885 criticized tho
len 9Th Of some Of the judgments printed
IN tho reports, intinieti & That they might
have been eondsnsed without injury to
tho sense. To this Mr.. Hening replies
that he has no doubt some of the short
hand writer's who reported the decisions
had both the courage and the ability
to 80 condense Thorn. They, however.
evtnce1 q partially for verbatim render.
mgS, n mat might be overcome.
Lord Justice Lindley says the Enelish
Judges, except their number wero in
creased. could not get through with their
work II they were under the nocoSsity of
writing their judgments, thet the svstem
OF delivering them orally was their oniy
reooutse Under existing conditions.
Whether this condition will over ariso
In the United States, where Judges habit.
ually write their opinions, noel not he
conJectured. With tho practice of many
now to dictate their opinions 10 stcnor-
raphers tho adoption OF the British cas-
tom does not seem imminent.
II Is not often that Judges reac THAR
Opinions IN opon court; they file them
with the clerks Of their respective courts
snd those manuscripts are used in MAY,
ing up the printed reports. Oocasion-
ally in some great litigation an opinion is
read. Thus the opinion of the court
by, Chief Justice Wade inI the
great Bell Telephone Company Mitigation
years ago. was read 10y Justice BIstch-
ford IN the absence because OF Illness ~
me Ihief Justice, and the stenographer
VINO had reported for the Bell comnany
the proceedings before a Congress com
and In court appeared at the mad
ing. reinforced by two other of the mo,
expert shorthand writer's 10 be fo,,nJ
OF whom took notes Of the dscision
md jointly made a Transcription for The
company's counsel. ~"
Tho explanation Of the three reporters
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1908-09-13

say. ! ecause there has been some trouble
Ia getting perfect concrete blocks.
hurry Guggenhcim's homo at Wcsl
End, N. j.. is a fine example Of what may
DO done in building country homes oil
concrete. II. NJ. Plag,er's house at Palm
Bach is of this tyIse of construction.
There are many beautiful homes in Tuxedo
Park and In Now Jersey and up along
tho Sound which are built almost entirely
Of concrete.
Tho concrota men, who really form n
fraternity Of mutual admiration and
mutual help when they aron't bidding
on big contracts. arc convinced that
concrete is the building material u tho
present and tho future. No lear a lot
about d~cforestation; we nocdn't worry,
say these coment men, for future cities
and future country buildings will DO
made Of concrete. and concrete will never
give out.
The vast rocky crust OF tho earth hns in
It an inexhiustibls supply Of material
from which Portland cement may be
ground and from which tho other ma
terials which 60 to MAX, concrete may be
obtained. 1t costs a little more to build
a house of the $4,000 type Of concrete
than to build 1t OF wood. but whom you'To
got 1t built you've got q house that will
last. When II comes to factories and
more expensive homes there ia a saving
Of from 10 70 - per cent. on old methods
OF building. The great expense comes
10 maxi z the moulds; once made they may
be used over aad over again.
The concrete mea regard Thomas A.
Edison with some amusement whom thoy
consider his plan to build homes OF coz
crete on a few days notice and at very
low figures. II you have the moulds ready
it is possible 70 put some sort OF house
together in a week or 30, but as to pour
ipg In the bathtubs and the stoves and the
parlor carpet and all the othcr furniture
from a tank of liquid concrete all ready
to set-why, all that is a bit Of day dream
ing. they say.
A fine example Of what may be done
with modern concrete Is the Church OF
Our Lady Of Loretto in East Now York.