davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1908-12-18
Salt as MangeI Fertilizer.

The value of salt as manure for
mangels has often been demonstrated,
and the demonstration was repeated at
Woburn last season. About fifteen tons
of farmyard manure were applied to
four plots, and this appeared to be suffi-
cient to produce nearly as much as
could be grown on the soil of the field.
One plot had also top-dressing of one
hundredweight of nitrate of soda, which
very slightly increased the yield. Where
one hundredweight Of salt was added
there was further increase; but where
the quantity Of the nitrate was doubled
without salt, the yield was reduced
Agricultural Gazette.
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1908-12-18
N0-NNO-O0.OO-NON


One Of the simplest forms for four
horse evener is shown in the illustra-
ton which is self-explanatory except
for measurements. Besides double
trees Of ordinary plough length, and
the stick Of tough oak from which to
make the evener, two pulleys large
enough so small link log chain will
work through them, two bolts to bolt
the pulleys on and two pieces Of two
inch wide strap iron bent and used as
braces for the pulleys, are required.
These pieces Of strap iron had better
be bolted, also. Their use is to furnish
brace for the pulleys. Any small link
log chain can be used, and if too long
it can be wrapped around the plough
where hitched. Now for the measure
ments. In the first place, the stick
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1908-12-18
Food for Young Calves,

Withhold solid foods until the calf
will take them dry, which is usually at
about three weeks Of age. AS the calf
grows older encourage big eating in
order to secure good storage capacity.
and with sound and nutritious foods
stimulate both digestion and ability to
digest.
By rich cream we have commonly
come to understand to mean milk rich
in butter fat. 1t is admitted that milk
richest in butter fat Is also richer In
casein; and, while an excess Of butter
fat is not likely to disarrange the stom-
ach of the calf, an excess of casein will
Therefore, allowing the milk to cream,
and removing this to reduce the rich
ness of the milk to the needs Of the calf,
is an aggravation rather than a modif-
cation, for by the skimming process the
proportion of casein has been increased,
while the effort that should have been
made should have modified the casein.
This can be accomplished by simply
adding water to the whole milk, main
tanning blood temperature.
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1908-12-18
EMPTY HOUSES IN LONDON.
Fifty Thousand of Them at Present
Said to he Lacking Tenants.

Fifty Thousand of Them at Present
Said to he Lacking Tenants.
Fifty thousand empty houses in Lon
don! John Burns made this startling
announcement In the house of commons
recently, says Tit-Bits. Large as this
number is there are those who believe
1t is under rather than over the mark.
A remarkable change has taken place
during the past five or six years.
Whereas, formerly landlords were mas
ters of the situation, tenants have now
the whip hand in nearly every district
and are offered all manner of induce
ments to take houses.
1t is not long since that premium
or, what amounts to the same thing,
key money"-was demanded by prop
erty owners in some parts of London.
Today numbers OF such men VIII act
ually allow tenants a discount, which
consists in the case of small property
of the expenses of removal up to tt,
or else Of so many weeks occupation
llNV. 1ouully llO lNllI lCluiiNu iCA
the first fortnight, but in certain To-
calities the competition between prop
erty owners is so keen that the period
in some cases is one month, making the
discounts about f2 Is or f2 5s.
A more curious bait is free insur-
ance. One company gratuitously in
sures each of its tenants against fire ;
while another, besides safeguarding
the householder against this conting-
ency, relieve him Of apprehension re-
specting any damage to his furniture
by lightning or flood
Certain separate charges have also
been swept away, particularly In the
case of flats, which, it is said, are now
drug in the market. Some landlords,
for instance, made one for the clean
ing Of the common staircase, this, with
the extra" for gas, amounting to
about Is Cd per week. The 18 pence
was really rent, and the reason 1t was
not called such was partly to evade
payment of rates. When-this is an
actual case-a man owned about fifty
flats and returned their rent as Is
pence per week each less than it really
was, his assessment was considerably
lower than it ought to have been, and
consequently he did not pay his due
proportion of rates. But Of late "ex-
tras" have frequently been cut to the
amount formerly set down as "rent."
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1908-12-18

Of the London Society Of Chemical In
dustry, the American Chemical Society
and the Society Of Electrical Engineers,
attempted to explain in non-technical
language what the new discovery means
to science and humanity.
'The liquefaction of hellum," he said,
SIS of the most startling and far-reach-
ing significance. 1t opens the door
to possibilities Of which students Of
refrigeration have long been aware,
but which thus far have been beyond
our reach in actual practice. 1t is
apparent, for example, that If we can
distribute ammonia chilled brine from
one room Of a cold storage warehouse
to all the other rooms in it, we should,
theoretically, be able to distribute 1t
from central point Of houses, office
buildings, theaters and the like, at a
distance, as is done with gas and steam.
But the size and the cost of the
plant required the impOssibility Of de-
veloping a degree of cold which will
not be dissipated in transit unless
pipes Of prohibitive size are employed,
has placed the idea in the category
of laboratory dreams. Even the use
If liquid air or liquid hydrogen would
not obviate this last objection. The
'ost of the production and the dstribu.
ion would outweigh the benefits.
"Science does not recognize the i'm.
/ possible. however, and If Prof. Cnnes
. has produced liquid which, forced to
distant points through pipes small
enough to be strung like telephone
wires, Is so cold that such distribution
cannot materially impair its effective
ness-and this seems to be the case
science has achieved a most revolu.
! tionary triumph"
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1908-12-18
The Age of Sheen,

Ihe age Of sheep is very easily
SHOWN by an examination of the teeth.
A lamb has the first pair of permanent
front teeth when about 10 months old;
the second pair appears at about IS
months; the third pair at % months
and the fourth at about 33 to 40
months. When the whole of the per-
manent front teeth have appeared the
sheep is in its fourth year. The Meri-
no natures its teeth later than the
other breeds; the Cotswold and South
downs and other highly-improved NUT
ton Sheep are some months ahead of
Merlno, but at years every sheep
has its full mouth of teeth. Later
the age is known by the appearance
OF the teeth, which gradually lose their
sharp edges and become worn down
smooth. A healthy sheep will keep its
teeth good until 10 or ~ years old,
II the pasture Is not unusually bare
and the soil sandy, so as to wear the
teeth excessively.
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1908-12-18


the secondhand man will have nothing
but whole papers, and they must be
clean, at that" This little monologue
may be heard most anywhere. The con-
ditions are about the same In any city
of large or medium size. There is a
great deal of accumulated material
around house which is quite difficult
to dispose Of. 1t might be burned, but
an effort to dispose Of the mass In an
ordinary stove would more than likely
lead to disaster, even If the stove Is
of suitable proportions to accommodate
the collection. Most of them are not
The housekeeper's quandary has led
to the invention of model device to
be added to the equipment of the house.
hold. 1t Is refuse destructor, In
which the accumulatlons Of the house.
hold are to be disposed of by burning
in the back yard without danger. The
destructor is basket of wire built on
an iron frame, supporting it several
inches above the ground. Into this the
household accmulations are dumped
as well as the sweepings. A match ap
piled soon reduces the big pile to q
handful Of dust. Such a device solves
completely the problem Of the disposal
Of a great deal of material.
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1908-12-18

needs to be five feet four inches long,
and from the right end to the first pull
ley 1t Is just seven inches. This meas
urement Is to tn center Of the pulley,
From the center of the right pulley,
measure fifteen and one-quarter inches
and bore a hole, which is where the
plough head clevis fastens. Now go
back to the extreme right end of the
stick and measure thirty and three
quarter inches. You then have the
place where the second pulley is to be
placed. This puts the two pulleys just
twenty-four inches apart. This com
pletes all the measurements that need
to be accurate. At the left end, where
the left team Is hitched, it is best to
bore about three holes, and you can
fasten the doubletrees in whichever
hole which seems best suited to the
team. Bore the first hole about two
and one-half inches from the end, then
go two inches and bore another, and
two inches from that, If third hole is
horse in the furrow and three on the
plough, and there will be no side draft
Hitch the chain up pretty short so
! there is not too much slack when turn
ing to the left, and hitch 1t to the
plough back about where the coulter
runs, or where experimenting tells you
is the best place.-Montreal Star.
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1908-12-18
CURIOUS HOTEL CUSTOMS.
Where Every Cuss Word Costs n
PENN.

Where Every Cuss Word Costs n
Penny.
A curious custom prevails at an Edin-
burgh hotel. says Tit-Bits. Whenever a
customer is heard to swear he is re-
quired to place penny in a box on the
bar counter 1t Is not a matter for
surprise that the landlord hears much
less bad language than some of his fel-
low publicans in the capital of Scot
land.
The following is a quaint idea for
providing funds for picnics and social
evenings 1t is carried on with much
success at an Ashton-on- Mersey inn {:
A "knocking club" is connected with
the inn, and when a customer calls for
refreshments he is expected to knock on
the table or counter before drinking. If
he fails to do this he is fined one penny.
Any one who wrongfully accuses anoth-
err of breaking this unique rule is also
fined. The money thus obtained pro-
vides funds for many enjoyable outings
and pleasant evenings during the course
of the year.
At another hotel, known as the Old
| Hundred, customers are allowed only
one drink. If one Is not sufficient to
quench their thirst they are obliged to
| go out of the hotel and take walk be,
fore they are allowed to have another
TIL recently the proprietor Of an old
time hotel in Warwickshire used to in.
vite all his customers to accompany him
and his wife to the service at the parish
church on Sunday mornings, which was
situated on the opposite side of the
road, the house being closed while they
were away. On returning each custom
er was invited to partake Of refresh
ments offered by the hospitable landlord
free Of charge.
Visitors to a certain hotel in Aber
deenshire who wear brown boots mus
remember to keep them in their room
over night. Otherwise the boots will bt
blacked, regardless of the original color
Of the same. In one Of the rooms of
Dumfries public house Is an old arm
chair which is said to have been fre
quently used by the poet Burns.
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1908-12-18
Poultry Pickings,


The heating of the brooder plays ,
very important part in the growth of
the young chicks.
The fowls and eggs from pure bred
flock of hens will bring more money on
account Of their uniformity.
A good brooder is of more import
ance than an incubator If one can he
of more Importance than the other.
There is nothing that fits into the
regular farm crops and live stock bet.
ter than well managed flock of poul.
try.
Do not expect to find smooth sailin.
with the incubators and brooders at
first. 1t requires patience and vigilance
In learning to manage them
The cost Of securing we'll bred pou,.
try is so comparatively small that there
is no excuse for keeping a lot of mon.
grel hens.
There is nothing more disgustiny
than to see lot of old, scaly legged
roosters running with flock of hens
Sell them off and keep good, healthy
males.
One of the most conservative poul-
trymen says that If all farmers would
keep pure bred poultry the business
would be doubled in few years and
that we would still be getting good
prices for our produce.
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1908-12-18
Prof. H. Kammerlingh Onnes Of Ley

Prof. II. Kammerlingh Onnes Of Ley
den has succeeded in liquefylng he
lium.
Terrifying in its destructive aspects
and appalling in Its danger, yet in
tensely fascinating in its possibilities
for benefiting the world, the latest
explanation of chemical science has
placed mankind literally within but a
few degrees of the frozen pole of
knowledge.
Heat is life; cold is annihiation
The final and absolute extremes of
these are as yet heights so exquisite
and depths SO profound that they mock
at once the lens and the plummet-line
Of human conception.
For the sake of convenience how
ever, science has established a pure
ly arbitrary starting point for the
measurement Of heat and cold. This
Is called the "absolute Zero" and Is
fixed at 459 degrees below the fam
iiar zero mark Of the Fahrenheit
thermometer point which chemists
have vainly sought to reach ever
since Prof. Dewar most nearly ap-
preached it by his astonishing feat Of
liquefying air and hydrogen.
But even Dewar's greatest cold was
hundreds Of degrees from absolute zero.
That was some ten years ago. Now
comes news from the old town of Ley.
In p11 htrth hn1o nff hn oil
trio battery-that Prof. II. Hammer
lingh Onnes Of that city has succeeded
In llquefying the rarest and most vo-
latlle Of all gases. He has reduced
helium to n visible fluid, determined
It's temperature and made the lncred-
ible discovery that 1t is but a frac-
tion over four degrees from supposed
ly theoretical jumping-off place Of Jack
Frost
In order to appreciate the vast sig
nificance of Prof. Onnes' achievement
1t is only necessary to recall the means
by which the air is kept at zero TEN.
perature in a cold storage warehouse
AS everyone knows, evaporation causes
cold. 1t is the evaporation Of the wa
ter with which you bathe your face
not the temperature OF the water It
self-which produces the sensation ei
coolness
According as the evaporation Is slow
or rapid, the cold produced Nj less OIL
greater. So, in cold storage plant
to nh iy
atile, Is allowed to evaporate, either
directly into the air or it Is released
In the presence of brine (Which freezes
only at less than zero temperature
and the brine, taking the Temperature
of the evapOrating ammonia, is thel
distributed in pipes throughout the cs
tablshment. Thus the desired degre
OF cold is impaired to the storac
rooms.
Now fancy, If you can, a cold, com
pared with which the deadly chill fror
ammonia gas Is hotter than boilln
oil call this the temperature Of liqui
hydrogen. Then, with this as ne,
point OF departure, try to imagine
cold so profound that beside 1t liqu.
hydrogen itself is as boiling oil, ali
the frozen heart of an Ice plant
hotter than the bowels of a smeltin
furnace, and you have>some conceptio
of the temperature-if 1t can be callo
temperature-of liquefied helium.
DR.. H. T. Galpin, well know
AUTHORITY ON refrigeration, q membe
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1908-12-18
Looking Forward.

Luther Burbank, the famous horti-
cultural wizard, says there is hot n
weed alive which will not sooner or
later respond literally to good culti-
vation. A day will come when the earth
will be transformed, when man shall
offer his brother man not bullets nor
bayonets, but richer grains, better fruit
and fairer flowers
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1908-12-18

Kettle. Throw half pound or a pound
Oh sulphur on the Goals, and shut the
door. If the house is left closed for a
few hours 1t is safe to conclude that
no lice or mites will be found therein
after the operation. The sulphur cure
is the best method of Kidding poultry
houses of pests, but If the house is not
tight 1t will not prove satisfactory.
clean the house as well as it can be
done, mix whitewash with fresh lime,
mix In liberal supply of sulphur, aft
er which throw sulphur into all the
cracks. Apply kerosene oil to all the
roosts, and burn off the outer surface.
AR the house thoroughly Weekly
Witness.
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1908-12-18
POuItry-House Lice.

Turn out the fowls some days and
close all the cracks in the house ex-
cept the door. Take kettle of live
Goals, and place on the ground in the
center Of the house, but II there is a
wood floor, lay fat stone under the
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1908-12-18
Sheep as q CiYiIizer.

A speaker at farmers meeting
eulogized the little animal with the
golden hoof in the following interest
Ing strain:
Sheep are always the advance
guard to attack new and undeveloped
territory. The first sheep and the first
negro slaves that placed foot on what
Is now the United States of America,
were landed from the same fleet at st.
Augustine, Sept. 5, 1865, 800 years ago.
From that day to this the sheep has
been the most universal live agent Of
the settlers in subduing the country
and maintaining its productiveness
and whenever they have neglected them
sterility exists as a monument to their
folly."-Weekly Witness.
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1908-12-18
A High Ayyard,

ITO you we award the PALM"
Cant you give me something more
lofty" asked the aviator, disdainfully.
81 have flown so high that l consider
the palm beneath me."-Kansas City
Times.
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1908-12-18

lection Of papers,
scraps and paste
board boxes, the
roundup of the
regular weekly
cleaning. "T h e
ashman declines to
take anything but
ashes, the rubbish
man picks out only
such as he can
find uSa for and
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1908-12-18

place stone in front Of the wheel,
so that when the team draws the wa
won forward the wheel will be lifted
upward on the inclined beam. If the
incline is not to much the wagon will
not slip backward and the wheel will
be loose for oillng.-Farm and Home
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1908-12-18
REFUSE BURNING BASKET.

Device for Getting Rid of Household
AccumuIatiOns.
"Oh, my Whatever shall l do with
all this rubbish?" eXclaims the house
keeper, beholding a miscellaneous col
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1908-12-18

Build grip Of timber under wa
gon and place upon it heavy beam,
as shown In the sketch. Let this come
just under the axle of the wagon. Then
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1908-12-18

There are a good many rabbits play
ing lion parts.
Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1908-12-18

A small hotel in Wales until quite re-
Gently was used by the Catholics as a
place Of worship on Sundays, and po-
lice court proceedings were held on the
premises during the week.
The times and democrat. [volume] (Orangeburg, S.C.) 1881-current, 1908-03-27

top of the col for the view which the
guidebook says is so fine and then
come back to organize relief eXpedi-
ton, say in about half an hour or So?
"No-o," said Miss. Portman; Il sup
pose l can bear it. | may as well nc
custom myself to loneliness. as | am
obliged to spend my remaining years
on this spot. But am not at all sure
the duchess would approve
'You mean Lady Mowbray. She
wouldn't mind. She knows I've good
head and-physically-a good heart
Besides, shall Lave only myself to
look after, and one really doesn't need
chaperon in going to make an early
call on a mountain view
Dearest princess. I'm not so sure of
that in regard to this mountain view"
Miss Mowbray, please. you're very
subtle. But really haven't come out
to look for the mountain view you re-
fer to- You needn't think it. | don't
know where his lair is. but it's prob
ably miles from here, and II knew
wouldn't hunt him there. That would
be un peu trop fort. and. anyway. I'm
inclined to believe that mother Is right
about those dresses. shall have such
nice ones at Kronburg. So you see
you can consclentiously give me your
blessing and let me 60"
"My dear as if could have sus-
pected you would search for him! You
are in Rhaetia not to pursue. but to
give an emperor who wishes to have
q certain princess for his consort a
chance to fall in love with herself"
'If he will--if it can be so. But
what do Helen Mowbray and Letitia
Manchester know about the love affairs
Of enperors and princesses? Au re-
volr. dear friend; I'm going. BY and
by, if you have courage to lift your
eyes. you'll see me waving handker-
chief flag at the rock corner up there"
Virginia took the alpenstock which she
had laid down and began picking her
way daintily, yet pluckily, toward the
col which she had named as her goal.
There was another route to it, leading
on to the highest peak Of the Schnee-
horn, only to be dared by experienced
climbers, but the way by which the
girl and her companion had set out
from Anehelligen nearly four hours
ago was merely fatiguing. never dan
serous, and Virginia knew that Miss
Portman was safe and not half as
much frightened as she pretended.
They had started at s, just as the
September sun had begun 70 draw the
night chill out Of the keen mountain
air, and now it was close upon IL
The princess was hungry.
In NqrdecksA the frontier town Of
Rhaetia as you come in from Ger
many, she had bought rucksacks for
herself and Miss Portman, to be used
upon just such mountain excursions
as this, and today the brown canvas
Lags were being tested for the first
time Each ruckSack stored an >ads-
The times and democrat. [volume] (Orangeburg, S.C.) 1881-current, 1908-03-27

After all, it had been narrow es-
cape, but the mans arms were so
strong and his eyes so brave that Vir-
ginia scarcely realized the danger she
had passed. 1t seemed so inevitable
now that he must have saved her that
there was room in her thoughts for no
dreadful might have been. Was 1t not
the one man sent to her by destiny.
when If this thing had not been meant
since the hour Of her birth it might
easily have been some mere tourist
sent by Cook?
All her life had but led up to this mo-
ment. Under the soft hat Of green felt
adorned with the beard Of chamols
was the face she had seen in dreams.
A dark. austere young face it was.
with more Of Mars than Apollo iii its
lines. yet to her more desirable than all
the ideals of all the sculptors since the
world began He was dressed as
chamois hunter. and there was nothing
in the well worn. almost shabby.
clothes to distinguish the wearer from
the type he chose to represent. but rs
easily might the eagle. to which in her
heart she ikened him. try to pass for
barnyard fowl as this man for peas
ant. So thought the princess,