The morning journal-courier., 1908-07-25
SULTAN GRANTS
 A CONSTITUTION Orders Election of a Chamber of Deputies-Great Sen
 sation in Constan-
 tinople, SURRENDER IS UNEXPECTED Victory for the Young Turks Party Detection of Albanian Troops
 Forced Him to Yield.
SURRENDER IS UNEXPECTED

has been elaborated by the Sultan. The trade has been communicated to the Valis and the district lieutenant- gov crnors with the necessary orders for holding elections.
 The constitution which the trade now makes effective is practically the ono promulgated in 1876,
 The Grand Vizler immediately took steps to carry out the orders of the Sultan. He addressed 10 all the pro- vinclal authorities concerned circular telegram converting the Chamber of Deputies, in which he pointed out that the method of forming the chamber is determined by an organic statute which, according to the official com muncatlon is "an illustrlous institution of the Sultan"
 Great Sensation Caused by Trade.
 Startling as was the sudden dismiss sal of Perd Pasha from the grand vizlership of Turkey and the appoint ment yesterday of Said Pasha in his place, this step was as nothing com pared to the sensation created fin all quarters this morning by the onlc,al announcement that the sultan had de- cided to convoke a parliament. It was felt that. in view of the general re- volt in the army, unprecedented in the history of the Turkish empire. some change was Inevitable and that far reaching measures of reform in the central government were bound to be inaugurated But the drastic action of the Sultan, who took the relns into his own hands, and, by tne stroke of a pen, suddenly yielded to the demands of the Young Turks and restored the constitution of 1876, has taken the pal ace clique. the members of the diplo- matlc corps, in fact the entire popula- tion of Constantinople, completely by surprise. Although 1t was thought that the long sustained agitation might possibly bring about some form of par liamentary administration, nothing SO dramatically abrupt was regarded as possible.
 The immediate cause of the sultans raising of the white flag was the re- ceipt of telegram from the Alhanlans of Uskub, informing him that they had taken their oath to favor the re-estab- lishment of the constitution This message landed like a thunderbolt at ire Yildiz Kiosk The sutain had been under the impression that he could de- pend upon the Abanians under all cir cumstances.
 Sudden Change of Grand Viziers.
 perid Pasha, who is an Albanian. had fostered this conceit. When the facts became known the wrath of the sultan immediately fell upon his fav- orite. who was summoned to the pal ace and dismissed on the spot. The for mer grand vizier Said Paeha. was then 1 summoned to the palace. He gave the sultan an insight into the real gravity ! of tho situation fin the country and the | hopelessness of attempting 10 restore i permanent peace in the army and among the people unless the personal regime, with its attendant abuees and iinfrigucs, which had brought the coun- try to the verge of ruin, came to an end and some steps were taken i'll the dlrec- ton of granting a measure of consti- tutional government. The attitude of
 the Albanians had so disconcerted tho
 sultain that Said Pasha found him ir
 a mood to make concessions and the pressure exerted by other men, who
 had been long absent from the councils lat the palace, completed the conversion
 which resulted in the trade of today.
 After thirty-two years of autocratiC
 rule under Sultan Abdul Hamid IT,
 Turkey again has been granted a con.
 stitutlon. An imperial trade was Is.
 sued this morning ordaining that 6
 chamber of deputies be assembled
 This present constitution is practical.
 ly a restoration of the one promulgat.
 ed December 23, 1876, by the presen
 sultan Immediately following his ele
 vation to the sultanate after the vio
 lent death of Sultan Abdul Aziz Junt
 of that year and the deposition O.
 Sultan Murad V. on August 31, 1876. .This action on the part of the sul
 tan, which came as complete sur prise to all observers of the progress of events in Turkey, was wrestet
 from him by the young Turks, DO
 litical party that has been working fo
 a good many years for the establish
 ment of a constitutional governmen in the realm of the sultan. Last fal ) the young Turks and representative of the various races and Creeds il Macedonia met in Paris and decided to concentrate their energies on bring ] ing about a government for Turke.
 that should be modelled on the west
 ern system. The efforts to this en'
 were characterized by a quiet deter
 imitation, and few people were awar , to what extent the propaganda hat , flourished and taken root. About tel . days ago there began to come report of mutinies among the Turkish troop in Macedonia and 1t was declared tha the young Turks had succeeded i winning over 90 per cent of the Turk , ish army officers to their cause. Thi was cutting the ground out from un der the sultans feet.
 : When the sultan learned that tn , wild people of the Albanian countr would support him no longer but ha joined the liberal movement and wer { calling loudly for constitutional re : form, he suddenly decided to bow l. the inevitable rather than face tn alternative, revolutionary outbrea throughout all Macedonia. The chic provisions of the constitution of 1S7 were: The individuality of the em pire; the supremacy of the sultan; in dividual liberty; the free om of al
 creeds of the press and of education
 equal legal taxation; a senate and tW