davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1908-07-29
Observation-Disclosures
. THE CHARM OF
, THOMAS JEFFERSON F,
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS o Do .

In December, 1900, few days af-
ter Congress had for the first time
met in our new metropolis, was one
morning sitting alone in the parlor,
when the servant opened the door
and showed in a gentleman who
wished to see my husband. The usual
frankness and care with which met
strangers were somewhat checked by
the dignifed and reserved air of the
present visitor, but the chilled feeling
was only momentary, for after TAX
ing the chair / offered him In a free
and easy manner, and carelessly
throwing his arm on the table near
which he sat. he turned towards me
countenance beaming with an express
sion of benevolence and with man
ner and voice almost femininely soft
and gentle, entered into conversation
on the commonplace topics of the
day, from which, before / was con-
scious of it, he had drawn me into OBJ
servations of more personal and in
teresting nature, l know not how 1t
was, but there was something in his
manner, his countenance and voice
that at once unlocked my heart, and
in answer to his casual inquiries con-
cerning our situation in our new
home, as he called it, found myself
frankly telling him what l liked or
disliked in our present circumstances
and abode. l knew not who he was,
but the interest with which he list
ened to my artless details induced the
idea he was some intimate acquaint-
ance or friend of Mr.. Smiths and put
me perfectly at my ease; in truth so
kind and conciliating were his looks
and manners that forgot he was not
opening of the door Mr.. Smith en-
tered and introduced the stranger to
me as Mr.. Jefferson.
felt my cheeks burn and my heart
throb, and not word more could
speak while he remained. Nay, such
was my embarrassment could scarce
ly listen to the conversation carried
on between him and my husband.
For several years he had been to me
an object of peculiar interest. In
fact my destiny, for on his success in
the pending Presidential election, or
rather the success of the Democratic
party (their interests were identicaD,
my condition in life, my union with
the man 1 loved, depended
Washington in Jefferson's Time" by
Margaret Bayard Smith, in Scribner's.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1908-07-29
ThunderbOItS.

"Did you ever see the diameter of
a lightning flash measured" asked
geologist. "Well, here is the case
which once inclosed flash of light
ming that fitted it exactly, so you can
see how big it was. This is called
'fulgarite, or lightning hole, and the
material it is made of is glass.
when bolt of lightning strikes
bed of sand, it plunges downward for
a distance less or greater, transform
ing simultaneously into glass THE sill
lea in the material through which it
passes. Thus by its great heat it
forms glass tube of precisely its
own size.
"Now and then such tube, known
as fulgarite, is found and dug up,
Fulgarites have been followed into
the sand by excavations for nearly
thirty feet. They vary in interior
diameter from the size of quill to
three inches or more, according to the
bore of the flash. But fulgarites are
not produced alone in sand. They
are found also in solid rock, though
very naturally of slight depth, and
frequently existing as thin. CLASSY
covering on the surface.
"Such fulgarites occur in astonish-
ing abundance on the summit of Lit
tie Ararat, in Armenia. The rock is
SO soft and porous that blocks foot
long can be obtained, perforated in
all dirnctinns hv littIe tuhes filled
with bottle green glass formed from
the fused rock
Some wonderful fulgarites were
found by Humboldt on the high Me-
vada de Toluca, in Mexico. Masses
of the rock were covered with thin
layer of green glass. Its peculiar
simmer in the sun led Humboldt to
ascen2 the precipitous peak at the
risk of his life. New York Press.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1908-07-29
POrpoises at PLAY.

A remarkable photograph of half
a dozen porpoises, playing under
water, just ahead of the bow of a
steamship travelling at the rate of
thirteen knots an hour, has been pub
lished by correspondent of Knowl-
edge, Mr.. C. H. Gale. The sea was
calm and the photograph was made
by leaning over the bow of the ves-
sci. Mr.. Gale calls attention to the
singular fact that the porpoises, while
easily maintaining their position
ahead of the ship, showed no appar-
ent effort or motion of body, tail or
fin. Yet he thinks that they were
not carried along by movement of
the water in front of the vessel, be-
cause air-bubbles were seen rushing
from their backs, and the photograph
shows the effect of these bubbles by
the white streaks on the backs of the
animals. Sometimes they rolled over
sidewise, but always maintained their
position.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1908-07-29
The Sun

One hundred years ago the diam
eter of the sun was four miles greater
than it is now. One thousand years
miles greater than it is at present.
Ten thousand years ago its diameter
was four hundred miles greater than
it is to-day. The present diameter
of the sun is $4,000 miles, and il
this diameter were to shrink to-
morrow to the extent of 10000 miles
the change would not be appreciable
to common observation, though a
much smaller change would not elude
the delicate astronomical measure
ments.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1908-07-29

dewy of eyes and ruby of lips, the
weary little woman on the shady side
of thirty-five emerges from the al
caemy of her stocking, twenty-four
at the outside. The brim of her
hat that dropped is now turned up
in festive fashion, showing a blue
lining with pink rose nesting coyly
against the fluffy locks. The fresh
white gloves must hi We come from
the other stocking. being guiltless
of daub of rouge or smutch of black.
With gay little nod toward the mir
ror for final assurance, the little
figure bustles off and mingles with
| the crowd. The saints defend her
on her way!
The accommodating maid who has
| fastened hooks, tided shoes, brought
fresh towels. helped unpack grips
and suit-cases, arranged wells, sup
piled needle and thread in emergen-
cies, given critical opinions as to the
angle of hat, the sweep of skirt,
furnished pins to conceal rip or
tear, met innumerable emergencies
during the long day, received usually
an absent-minded Thanks" for her
service. Occasionally some woman
tipped her with nickel, a very few
gave her ten cents when she had
sewed up F:5:t or taken care of
child, but at the end of the day there
were more pennies than anything
else in her pocket. Why? A man,
for the same amount of service,
the tip. 1t can not always be that a
man has more money to spend, and
we are bound to admit the charge
of parsimony in most cases at least.
For instance, woman whose suit
case was lavishly pasted with signs
of foreign travel, who herself sug-
gested opulence from top to toe, who
had called the maid to her from an
other woman, hidden her unpack her
suitcase for clothes-brush, comb and
other articles, pack 1t up again, brush
her hat and coat for her, gave her
two pennies. But during her remain
ing half-hour wait that same woman
bought copies of Life and Vogue,
paying ten cents for each, and which
she merely glanced through, then
dropped upon the floor. Twenty
cents invested in minutes diver.
sion and two cents for service well
donei
On the other hand, during tenn
porary lull of the inflow, thorough
bred young woman whose hard-and-
fast tailor-made lines enabled her to
pass the mirror with minimum of
attention, dropped into chair and
lost herself instantly in Kant's
"Critique of Pure Reason" The
roomfull of fellow human beings,
after high-headed survey, ceased to
exist for her until pair of chubby
little legs wabbled too close to the
danger-line and tumbled fat over
Minerva's faultlessly shod feet. The
mothers mortified eyes saw too late,
but she rushed with incoherent apollo
gies to pick up the offender. What
did this student girl do?- Dropped
Kant, picked up the sticky, mussy
baby and handed it over to the dazed
mother with a smile, beaming and
illogical, that pure reason knew
nothing about.
All of which bears out the basic
assertion that If you cherish any
pricri concept of a consistent type
of lovely woman, 1t IS here you go
down under the waters of disillusion
and come up washed and clean
New York Correspondence of the San
Francisco Argonaut.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1908-07-29
Uncomfortable.

Breaking in woolen underwear may
be disagreeable task, but we opine
that it is real pleasure compared to
the job of breaking in a pororus plas-
ter.-Detroit Free Press.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1908-07-29

Fraulein Richter has been appoint
ed lecturer on philology at Vienna
University, the first instance of a
woman receiving such an appoint
ment-
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1908-07-29

Three hundred tons of tobacco are
distributed annually among the sail
ors of the British navy. 1t is sold to
them at cost.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1908-07-29

The eleven London gas companies
supply among them 46,403.S52,O0O
cubic feet of gas to 1,101,896 con-
sumers.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1908-07-29

The use of snake venom is increas.
ing in the practice of medicine, and
its price is soaring upward rapidly.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1908-07-29

German children convicted of seri.
Gus offenses numbered in 1905, 49,
0O3; in 1906, 51,232, and in 1907,
55,216.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1908-07-29

The eight-mile carriage road to the
summit of Mount Washington being
for sale. it is proposed to form com.
pany to purchase it and run an auto.
mobile stage line over it for the &C,
Icommo dation Of tourists.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1908-07-29

The latest expression in the word
crop of 1908 is motel" 1t was first
used in Cincinnati and means a per,
son who has no telephone.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1908-07-29

A young inventor of Lyons, France,
is said to have solved the problem oil
the transmission of electrical energy
without the use of wires.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1908-07-29

German children convicted of seri-
Gus offenses numbered in 1905, 49,
O03; in 1906, 51,232, and in 1907.
55,216.
The eleven London gas companies
supply among them 46,403,S52,000
cubic feet of gas to 1,101,896 con.
sumers.
The use of snake venom is increas.
ing in the practice of medicine, and
its price is soaring upward rapidly.
The latest expression in the word
crop of 1908 is motel" 1t was first
used in Cincinnati and means per,
son who has no telephone.
A young inventor of Lyons, France,
is said to have solved the problem oil
the transmission of electrical energy
without the use of wires.
A Paris paper complains that no
journalist has yet been buried in the
Pantheon, and mentions as represen-
tatives of the craft who ought to bo
there Chateaubriand, BENJAMIN Con.
slant, Paul Louis Courier, Armand
Carrel, Emile de Girardin and Louis
Veuillot.
In Jamaica tuberculous disease ia
extremely uncommon among the
whites. When it occurs in negroes.
they quickly succumb to it.
The fossil remains of a Plesiosaurua
have been unearther at Talcahuano
Bay, Chile. The body of this marine
reptile of bygone age was forty-five
feet long.
The eight-mile carriage road to the
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1908-07-29

In Jamaica tuberculous disease ia
extremely uncommon among the
whites. When it occurs in negroes.
they quickly succumb to it.
The ranch. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1902-1914, 1908-02-15

The apple industry is one of the
great assets of the State of Wash
ington and the large and enthusiastic
meeting of the State Horticultural So
ciety at Walla Walla is sufficient rea-
son for giving that important industry
enlarged space this week. AS G. L.
Whitney remarked in the meeting:
"There are many beautiful valleys in
this land of ours. We can give any
kind of land wanted, irrigated, sub
irrigated or non-irrigated, with va
riety of soils ranging from heavy foot
hill soil to dark river bottom loan
or light volcanic ASH Walla Walla
county is noted for originating the
largest apple in the world-the Max
son seeding, also known as the Spo-
kane Beauty. Mr.. Walden has devoted
a portion of his department to this
meeting. OF the many instructive ad-
dresses by high class men we give that
The ranch. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1902-1914, 1908-02-15
GREAT HORTICULTURAL MEETING
By ]. F. LITTOOY

of J. F. Littooy. All the papers showed
active thought and were followed by
earnest discussions. Of the prizes Of
fered, A, the Ankeny cup, went to
Yakima Horticultural Union for best
fruit display; B, the Hover-Schueffner
cup, to Chelan Horticultural Society
for the best prepared boxes Of apples;
G, the Up--To-The-Times cup, to Spo-
kane Horticultural Association for
best plate display; d, Walla Walla
Commercial House cup, to j. l.. Du-
mas, of Dayton, for best five boxes in
the Walla Walla Valley. Mr. Dumas
is credited with being a former men,
Der of the State Board of Education,
and with realizing above $4,000 from
his last seasons crop. The prize for
the best single box of apples was
awarded to Gavin Duncan of Walla
Walla. Next winter the annual meet
ing will be held at Spokane.
The ranch. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1902-1914, 1908-02-15

the essential elements required for
orchards where the grass sod gives
negative results.
| doubt if anywhere there are CHM
attic conditions favorable for orchard
culture, but that leguminOus crop of
some sort can be grown and be made
to reseed itself for reproduction every
year. The vetches, COW peas, beans,
lupines and clovers, and also the con-
demned alfalfa all offer a chance for
selection.
AS to the choice between the perma-
nent grass sod culture grown under
proper conditions and blowing under
leguminous crop every year to be fol-
lowed by clean cultivation, I should,
from what | know at the present time,
give choice to the permanent grass Gull
ture, because the growth would be
healthy normal and mature.
My preference of culture favors the
leguminous crops suited to condition
and locality; and to let the growth de.
compose at the surface of the soil and
not work it into the soil unless for one
or two crops only, providing the tex
ture of the soil requires it SO that a
better foundation can be made for flu.
ture crops. In sections where alfalfa
thrives, especially in irrigated dis.
tricts, l should give it preference
above all other legumes because it is
a perennial, and once it is started
there is no more care as to a good
stand to cover the ground without re-
seeding. Especially is it valuable for
the arid sections, because of the GUAM
tity OF organic matter it produces an
nually to aid in conserving moisture
and to shade the surface soil and re.
tard fiuctuating extreme temperatures
of the soil not only in the summer, but
throughout the year.
The permanent green mulch method
where it can be practiced, is the ideal
culture and the most scientific of ALL
because it replenishes instead of vast
ing fertility, and supplies the requi-
sites for Notwithstanding soil conditions
for healthy, uniform plant growth.
1t there is any force in the soil, any
one can encourage it to produce
forced vegetable growth. But is that
what the orchard needs? Would it
not be more appropriate to apply it to
succulent annual crops? Clean culture
in the young orchard, if there is plenty
OF available plant food makes the or
chard respond with rapid growth; but
only in proportion to the texture of
soil, it's moisture and duration of it's
physical condition can it make avail
able plant food to produce this growth.
Should we speculate or make sure?
The poorest soil needs the green crop
mulch, because of lack of fertility, and
the richest soil needs it because the
mulch will retain without wasting the
soil fertility, and stop abnormal condi-
tons, which produce an over album
dance of liberated plant food and re-
suit in abnormal growth This Ger.
tainly should prove to us that except
for temporary results the cultivation
of the orchard soil avails nothing but
what the mulch will better accom-
plish.
The chemist tells us that in emer-
gencies we may need commercial fer
tilizers and manures, but that 1t is
more essential, where conditions will
permit to grow the fertility and the
organic matter the soil needs. He also
tells us that permanent success in ag-
ricultural economy lies in the mainte-
The ranch. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1902-1914, 1908-02-15
VOLUME XIV. NO. 4.

The practice of orchard cultivation
and feeding is a question which is
more unsettled today than ever. Pos
sibly because we are making more
progress for intensive practice, and
science is revealing new truths be-
cause of the broader expanse OF op-
portunity and the encouragement OF
the individual to pursue unf1inchingly
an investigation of economic value.
The press channels for diffusion OF
i knowledge are a factor which mate
rally enhances the opportunity OF
either the novice or the expert to ben
eft by the research of others. We
notice through the agricultural press
of late much discussion relative to in
vestigations of the merits OF various
orchard culture practices, which d1vld-
ed into three classes, include perma-
nent clean culture, permanent grass SOD
culture and the cover culture or legu-
minous crops to permanently remain
at. or be plOwed under, the surface eV-
cry spring. This affords great diver
sity of opinion undoubtedly induced by
varied conditions.
We are eager to know the possible
details of the conditions, which may
warrant the adoption of any OF the
above methods of culture. The aim OF
any method of culture should be to
maintain normal soil fertility under n.y.
gienic soil conditions. To accomplish
this, the following essentials must be
considered: Air, heat, light, moisture
and nourishment properly proportloned
are necessary for the healthy develop
ment of the orchard. Too much, or a
lack of any of these, encourages fail
ure.
Permanent clean culture destroys
the physical conditions of the soil,
wastes soil fertility, and is, therefore,
unscientific except for emergency
practice, or for small tracts where an
nual crops must maintain the support
of the owner till the orchard becomes
remunerative.
Permanent grass cd culture slow
ly builds up fertility, but is dependent
for its success on sufficient and con-
tinuous moisture conditions to insure
good grass crops without impoverish-
ing the best development of the tree
or causing acidity of the soil, thus i'm
peding proper hygienic conditions OF
the orchard.
The temporary weed and the legum-
nous crop culture which provides for
blowing under the crop every spring,
builds up the soil fertility too quickly
and causes luctuating soil conditions
by liberating an unbalanced ration,
which produces a too rapid tree
growth. The permanent leguminous
crop culture provides equable condi-
tons for all fertility and a steady non
fiuctuating healthy growth to the tree.
Which Of the above systems shall
we adopt? This can only be decided
when we know the soil and climatic
conditions which must govern our
operations.
Grass sod culture under certain con-
ditions is producing encouraging re-
suits in some locations and in others
negative one. But | believe that
where the grass sod culture is sue
cess when governed properly, it would
give equal or better results if substi-
tuted by leguminous crop, because
OF the additional benefits to be derived
from the better food supply and physi
cal conditions by affording more air to
the soil; and such conditions may be
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1908-10-02
a Shininu Mark,

A lady, grievously tormented with a
corn on her toe, was advised by one of
her friends to anoint it with phosphor-
us, which In a weak moment she did.
but forgot to tell her husband before
retiring at night. 1t had just turned II
when the husband awoke and was star
tied to see something sparkling at the
foot Of the bed. He had never heard Of
a FREELY in the locality, nor did he ever
remember seeing such a terrible look
ing object as the toe presented. Reach
ing carefully out Of bed till he found
one of his slippers. he raised it high in
the air and brought it down with great
force upon the mysterious light
A shrek and an avalanche Of bed
clothes. and all was over. When at last
he released himself from the bed.
clothes he discovered his wife groan-
ing in corner OF the bedroom, but she
had got rid Of that phosphorated corn.
London Graphic.
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1908-10-02
AEROPLANE HAS
MISSION ON SEA
So Thinks Weller Who Has
Ordered so Wright
Machines.
TO BE BUILT IN FRANCE.
REFUSES TO STATE FOR WHAT
PURPOSE AERIAL CRAFT WILL
BE USED SAYING THAT is HIS
SECRET.

Paris, Oct. 2-Lazare WELLER, who
announced that he had ordered the
construction of fifty aeroplanes on the
wright model, reiterated that statement
today. He said that he had made an
arrangement with Wilbur Wright
whereby aeroplanes would be con-
structed from the Wright patents, and
that an order had actually been placed
with French firm, the name of which,
however, he declined to divulge. He
declined also to disclose the exact pur-
pose of the building OF a fleet of aero
planes, saying, THAT is my secret"
From what WELLER said in an inter
view it is evident he believes that the
aeroplane is destined to have a greater
mission on sea than on land warfare
He declared enthusiastically that no
navy would dare to approach a port
defended by a fiotilla of aeroplanes
capable of dropping explosives from
the air.
Mr.. WELLER added that while the
conditions of the contract between him,
as the head of a syndicate, and Mr.
Wright have not yet been fulfilled he
was already completely satisfied that
the Wrights would be able to meet the
conditions, which require the inventor
to make two flights of 30 kilometers
each, with a passenger or equal weight
and sufficient gasoline to allow a flight
of 200 kilometers. But Mr.. Wright
has refused to consider the contract as
made until he has complied with the
letter of the conditions.
Bart o. Berg, the European business
manager for the Wright brothers, also
confirmed the report of the deal with
Lazare WELLER.
The Richmond palladium and sun-telegram. [volume] (Richmond, Ind.) 1907-1939, 1908-10-02
A COMMON ERROR.
orrsot the Sentence Before You Reae
the Explanation.

Drrset the Sentence Before You Read
the Explanation.
A '15ey examine the children a little
L9s to their knowledge of the Ian
[4nageY' asked the visitor at the gram
[fnar school, an old gentleman with a
,9supvolent aspect Of countenance, but
8 sGsewd twinkle in his eye.
"Cextainly you may" smilingly an
yNlred the teacher.
The old gentleman stepped to the
blackboard and wrote this sentence
1pon It:
sPennsylvania abounds In anthracite
eoaL"
Nov" he said, IT should like to
have some child point out the mistake
b that sentence"
One Of the older girls came forward,
picksd up the chalk and rewrote the
statement thus:
Anthracite coal abounds in Penn
syivania." .....
{ Mot 20 bad" said the visitor, 'ebut
tUu haven't found it."
Another changed It as follows:
pennsylvania abound with anthra-
c3b0 coal"
"6tfn incorrect" was the comment
Anthracite coal Is abundan Mt in Penn
syfvania," wrote a third.
'"That win not do either" said Mr..
Barter.
One of the big boys tried his hand,
with this result: ...
Pennsylvania is abundantiy sup
Piled with anthracite coal"
no; that is not so good"
! Then little boy stepped forward
and with his finger erased the word
coal"
That word isn't needed" he said.
Anthracite means hard coal"
Right" said the visitor. 'sYou have
one bright pups. anyhow. Miss Adair."
Youths Companion.