Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1908-09-09
ARRIVES IN SPECIAL CAR
Progress From Station to Hotel One
Continuous Ovation.
MET BY ADLAI STEVENSON
Members Of National Committee
and Delegates to State Conven-
ton in His Party.


great crowd. w. J. Bryan. democratic
candidate for President. arrived here to-
day shortly after noon in the private car
of Vice President Jackson of the Rock
Island railroad. He was accompanied by
members of the national committee and
number of delegates to the state con-
vention.
AT the station to meet him were Adlai
E. Stevenson. democratic candidate for
governor and other prominent democrats
of the state. Mr.. Bryan and the special
party were conveyed to the hotel in auto
mobiles. preceding which was a large re-
ception committee on foot, headed by
brass band. The journey to the hotel
was a continual ovation.
Yielding to the demands of an immense
throng, Mr.. Bryan appeared on the bal
cony of the hotel and delivered a speech
Later he spoke to another great gather
ing, taking for his subject, The State
and the Nation
Division of Power.
Mr.. Bryan said:
1.-THE success Of our system Of govern
ment rests upon the careful observance
Of the constitutional division of power
between the state and the nation. A
number of expressions have been coined
to describe the relations existing between
the federal government and the several
subdivisions, but no one has been more
felicitous in definitions than Jefferson or
more accurate in drawing lines of demar-
kation. He presented the historic posi-
ton of the democratic party when he de-
clared himself in favor of the support
of the state governments in all their
rights, as the most competent admins
the surest bulwarks against anti-republi-
can tendencies and the preservation OF
the general government in its whole con-
stitutional vigor, as the sheet anchor of
The democratic platform. adopted at
Denver, quotes the language Of Jeffer-
son and declares that it expresses the
party's position at this time.
1T would be almost as difficult to
maintain free, self-governing republic
over large area and with large popu
lation without state governments as 1t
would be to maintain such republic
without general government. The In
terests of the different parts of the coun-
try are so varied, and the matters re-
qulring legislative attention SO numerous,
that it would be impossible to have all
of the work done at the National Capitol
One has only to examine the bills intro
duced In each Congress, and then add to
the number the bills introduced at the
legislative sessions Of each of the forty
six states, to realize that it would be be-
yond the power of any body of men TO
legislate intelligently on the multitude of
questions that require consideration.
Our Constitution expressly reserves to
the states and to the people, respectively
all powers not delegated to the federal
government. and only by respecting this
division of powers can we hope to keep
the government within the reach of the
people and responsive to the will of the
people.
The Corporations.
'In recent years another force has been
exerting an increasing influence In ex-
tending the authority of the central gov
eminent. I refer to the great corpora
tons. They prefer the federal courts to
the state courts, and employ every pos
sible device to drag litigants before
United States judges. They also prefer
congressional regulation to state regula-
ton. and those interested in large cor
porations have for years been seeking
federal incorporation. The democratic
party will resist every attempt to obllt-
crate state lines, whether the attempt is
made through legislation or through Ju-
dicial Interpretation.
ut has been suggested that the rights
of the states can lapse through non-use.
and that Congress is justified in usurping
the authority Of the state II the state
doctrine has been advanced in the pre-
tended interest of the people, 1t is as in
SdiouS and as dangerous an assault as
has ever been made on our constitutional
form of government. The real purpose
that those have in view who complain Of
the inaction of the state is not more strict
regulation of corporations, but the relief
Of corporations from state regulation.
Attitude of Democrats.
1.-The democratic party favors the full
exercise of the powers of the government
for the protection of the rights of the
people-each government to act within its.
constitutional sphere. The predatory cor
porations have taken advantage of the
dual character Of our government and
have tried to hide behind state rights
when prosecuted in the federal courts and
behind the interstate commerce clause of
the constitution when prosecuted in the
state courts. There is no twilight zone
between the nation and the state in which
the exploiting interests can take refuge
from both.
Regulation of Railways.
"a distinction is drawn between the
railroads and other corporations. The
being a quasi-public corporation.
and, as such, being permitted to exercise
a part of the sovereignty Of the state, is
subject to regulation at the hands of both
the nation and the state, but this regu-
lation is intended, not to cripple the rail
roads, but to increase their efficiency. The
democratic party would distinguish be-
tween those railroad owners, directors and
who, recognizing their obliga-
ton to the public, earn their salaries by
devotion to the work in
trusted to them. and those INSCRIPTIONS
'Napoleons of finance who use railroads
as mere pawns in a great gambling game
or to the interests of the patrons. 1t is
in the interest of honest railroading and
legitimate investment that the democratic
party seeks to ascertain the present value
of the railroad properties and to prevent
for the future the watering of stock and
the issue Of fictitious capitalization; and
it is in the interest of both the railroads
and the public that it seeks only such re-
auctions in transportation rates as can be
made without wage reduction, without de-
in the service and without in
justice to legitimate investments.
Distinction Drawn.
"In dealing with manufacturing and
trading corporations the democratic party
draws a distinction between those cor
they constitute the great
majority of all the manufacturing and
trading corporations-which are engaged
in legitimate effort to supply what the
consumers need, and the very few cor
porationS which are seeking by con-
scenceless methods to take advantage of
the public on the one hand, while on the
other hand they bankrupt competitors,