davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Albuquerque morning journal. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1903-1926, 1908-09-20
AMERICAN LEAGUE,
Chicago Z: Washington :.

Chicago. Sept. 19.-Withcrup WAS
htt OPPORTUNITY and Chicago won the
Hnal game of the series here. Z To- q
from Washington.
Score r. II. T.
Chicago .....OO3 U21 1O*-7 - o
Washington 900 Dol COL 10 !
Hattorics-Whitc and sullivan.
NlthcrUp and Street.
Albuquerque morning journal. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1903-1926, 1908-09-20

Don't be afraid to give Chamber
lain's Cough Remedy to your child
rem. 1t contains no opium or other
harmful drug. 1t always cures. For
sale by all druggists.
Albuquerque morning journal. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1903-1926, 1908-09-20
PROFESSIONAL CARDS.
HONIItOpATnS.

r. l.. HIJST-
Physician and Surgeon
ttooms 6 and s, N. r.. Armiio build
Ing, Albuquerque. N, NJ.
pRS. BRONSON g. BRONSON
Homeopathic
Physicians aud Surgeons.
over Nauu's Drug Store. Phones; o.
flee 62S; residence, 1859. Alhuuucr-
que, n, M.
Albuquerque morning journal. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1903-1926, 1908-09-20

DENTISTS.

DIR, j. T.. KRAFT
Dental Surgeon.
Rooms 2.3, barnett building. Phone
7ti. Appointments made by mail.
l.. IT. ClIAMBERLIN, y. u S.
Dentist.
Oldest established office in the city.
once In Cromwell BLOCK, Corner
Second and Gold venue.
Albuquerque, N. NJ.
Albuquerque morning journal. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1903-1926, 1908-09-20

Week rndIaa september % 1905
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1908-12-20
cc1fKucE. TkEE HoWE. AFTER Repair

to have been purposely situated on the
east north and south sides of this main
building, rather than west of it. that their
occupants could have from their roofs an
unobstructed eastward. outlook for their
sun worship.
The occupants of these compounds
were an agricultural people. probably an
cestors Of the present Pimas and Papa
COS. and not very distant relatives of the
Mexican Indians. The compounds with
their great houses they built as places for
refuge. worship and trade, but being s."
conspicuous attracted the .ttenton or
hostile invaders. They were also too un-
wieldy for successful defense. and their
prosperous occupants although disperse"-
were not extermnated. Some probably
migrated south into Mexico. others went
north. building the now ruined houses or
the Little Colorado. ard later joining the
Hopis, while still others remained in the
ella valley. becoming ahc sstors OF the
present Pmas. Papagos and kwahadts
This work of mine is the beginning o.
a new archaeology devised by the bureau
of American ethnology-a combination OF
preservation and repair with excavation.
From each culture area of the country
one particular group of ruins is to be thus
treated a type. Ii was In line with
this work that. after leaving Casa GranGe
on this trip. l stopped two months in the
Mesa Verde Park southwestern Colorado.
where I dug out, cleaned and repaired
great cliff ruin. known as Spruce Tree
House. the largest of this region.
This cliff house consists of ia rooms
and eight sacred chambers. built inside
q great cave. go feet wide and 81 feet
deep, which opens into the wall of steep
cliff overlooking a CANYON filled with
spruce trees. one OF which formerly grew
up from the center of the caves ledge
and gives the ruin its name. At the cor
ners of this ledge We're defensive walls
from behind which sentries could COM
mand all approaches from the canyon be-
low Spruce Tree House will be the type
ruin of the Mesa Verde region, famed for
its cliff dwellings"
JOHN ELFRETH WATKINS
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1908-12-20

Fewkes has now eXcavated five great ag-
gregatfons of structures which some mys-
gang Of Pima Indians with horses and
scoops. There were twenty-five of them
at one time. all very tractable and indus
tr1ous. We commenced digging about 800
feet north of Casa Grande, wllere two
pyra protruded about fifteen feet
We uncovered the corner of a buried wall
which. when dug out. was found to in
close rectangle about 165x29D feet
Digging next into one of the pyramids
mentioned. ! discovered it to be the debris
of Il once substantial building upon whose
ruins had been built. at successive inter-
walls. more fragile structures whose floors
FERROUS and long-lost people built out
of great blocks of masonry long before
the advent of the white man to the
new world. -Four of these groups of
buildings are of a type of prehistoric
architecture new to our archaeology, be-
ing. strange to relate. independent COM
pounds. each surrounded by a defensive
wall within which stand ruins of once
substantial structures. apparently citadels.
watch towers. chape!s. sranaries and
mortuary chambers. besides the living
rooms of priests and rulers
X
About these five groups of substantial
public buildings. so to speak. seem to have
once been scattered a common population S
fragile houses, long since fallen into de-
cay. Thus this mysterious center of a for
gotten population appears, when in the
full glow Of. life and prosperity. to have
been one large city containing within Its
borders four small walled Enclosures
perhaps comparable to the Forbidden
City of Peking. Indeed. the arrange
ment in some respects suggests an ORR
entail rather than an aboriginal American
scheme of building, although there is no
suspicion that any people other than the
ancestors Of our Indians had anything
to do with it.
'lt is as Washington would be were
the houses all ruined and only the walls
of the public buildings left standing -
said DR.. Fewkes. describing his excava-
tons to the writer yesterday.
THE excavations were made in Pinal
county. Arizona. a little more than mile
from the left bank of the ella river
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1908-12-20

times encounter dangers in the line of
their duty as great as those besetting
khaki-clad soldiers or gallant sea fighters.
1t was when preliminary surveys for
the North Platte reclamation project
were being made that it became neces-
sary to explore the GunnisOn river which
ran with swift and treacherous current
through a canyon into which no one had
ever entered and returned alive. Two
engineers-A. L. Fellows and w. w. Tor
rence-undaunted by the traditions that
were told of other venturesOme explorers,
resolved that measurements must be
taken at any risk and embarked on a
voyage whose end for all they knew
might have been certain death. They
made the necessary notes as they went
along and kept their records in an oil
skin bag SO that If their lives were lost
the records might by some lucky chance
wrecked near sharp bend in the rug
ged gorge, and were able to save only
the notes they had made. The only
means of escape from their plight
of the canyon and this they did. reach
ing the top almost naked and exhausted
by their superhuman exertions.
Since the geological survey has been
established there have been no more in
defatigable explorers than the biologists
connected Herewith. While a geologist is
not necessarily an explorer there are few
who have not done something along that
line. and the record Of the achievements
of Charles d. Walcott. now secretary of
the Smithsonian Institution, but until
April 80 1907, director of the geological
survey, compares favorably with that of
any government explorer both In the
amount of work and the results obtained.
he I'm hon CT nj yn(1n vicf
was assigned to the study of the great
section extending from a high plateau i'm
southeastern Utah to the Grand Canyon
of the Colorado and made a most ex-
haustive research of that picturesque
region gaining reputation not only a
fearless explorer but as scientist whose
conclusions have been regarded final.
He entered the government service in
1879 and his career is conspicuous eX-
ample OF opportunities for promotion that
prevail i'm the government service in other
directions than through political prefer
ment.
Charles Doolittle walcott was born in
New York state in 1850, and was edu
Gated in the public schools of Utica for
the purpose of pursuing mercantile life.
but his inclinationS toward the profession
in which he later became famous We're
displayed at the early age of thirteen
years, when he joined a field excursion as
an amateur geologist When he was
twenty-siX years old he was an assistant
to- Prof. James Hall, state geologist of
New York. and while holding this posi-
ton he made numerous researches in New
York, Ohio, Indiana and Canada. begin
ming what afterward became life study.
that of Cambrian rock formations. His
survey of the Colorado canyon region.
noted for it's thoroughness was followed
by participation in the survey of the
Eureka mining district of Nevada. lie
resumed study of Cambrian rocks at In
tervals between special assignments. and
he presented summary Of the results OF
this investigation to the International
Geological Congress in London in 1855.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1908-12-20

When ! first arrived AT the spot I found
only few mounds, two pyramids and a
few fragments of walls jutting out from
the desert surrounding the ancient ruin
of Casa GranGe. The latter. the most
important Of its type in the southwest.
has had peculiar fascination for travel
ers ever since it was discovered and
named. about 1894. by the Jesuit Father
kino. l visited it two years ago, and
partially excavated one of these COM
pounds. Three more. also a fifth group
of buildings. l dug out during my last
expedition.
ION this last trip l lived four months
at Casa Grande in a tent l hired a
were now stratified. one above another.
This was inside the western wall. little
the debris was all removed I found the
foundation walls of two large rooms
practically solid. which had been crudely
plastered.
1.-THE corner space adjoining contained
no buildings. and seems to have been a
dance plaza. East of this were dug out
two adjoining rooms with massive walls,
the larger probably having been cere-
monial room. Upon its floor l found the
imprint of mating, which had completely
used as a bed. The buildings so far mem
toned were dug out near the southwest
corner of the compound.
''DiagOnally across the Enclosure, and
in the northeast corner. l found right
under the compound wall a subterranean
room whose floor was three feet below
the compound wallis foundation. This
chamber was protected by a roof. was
nicely pastdred and had fireplace. AS
other such rooms were found nearby.
at the same level. I concluded that these
were dug-outs occupied by a more ancient
people who had occupied this same
ground before the compound was built,
and that the latter's wall was placed
above this particular chamber without
the mason's knowing that it was there.
In this corner the other pyramid pro-
truded above the mound. and digging into
this I found big room of substantial
masonry which had had smaller fragile
rooms built on top of it, as had been
the case at the other pyramid.
Human bones. mostly of infants and
the others probably of priests, were found
at this corner They are of interest
showing that these people buried their
dead as well as crematinS them. Over
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1908-12-20

. CA<1A GKA11pE AMP JURRovNplNq Qa1PoUnD

pound described. and also abreast of it,
we dug out still another compound which
appeared to be little more than a de-
fensive wall where the people gathered
for protection. but where they erected
no public buildings. A circular mound
near by was opened and contained a
reservoir where these people had STORED
water brought probably by irrigatihg
bitches from the river. mile and half
away. According to the legends of the
neighboring Pimas the art Of irrigation
was taught these ancient Casa Grande
people by a tribe on Salt river. whose
frrigating ditch had been made with the
supernatural aid Of woman who con-
trolled all hard materials, such as stone
and shell. and who is practically the
same as one of the goddesses of the
Hopis. That these people also roasted
mescal for food was evidenced by my
finding several cemented pits in which
fires were built. the mescal being roasted
between stones piled over the flames.
'Forty-three rooms of the compound
discovered during my previous trip to
Casa Grande. are now open for visitors.
and of this compound. which runs north
and south for about 42o feet. and which
Is about DO feet wide. 1 am having made
for the Seattle exposition a large plaster
model measuring twelve by eight feet.
The plaster will be calsomined all over
with soil brought directly from the ruin
and mixed with an adhesive liquid. This
OF the three compounds dug out this year
and west of the big house containing the
dead chief. Along the south wall inside
this first discovered compound is narrow
space which seems to have been u foot
ball course. for here I dug out some stone
foot balls such as the Pimas still play
with. not kicking them. but throwing
them with their feet. In the southwestern
corner l eXcavated a building of five
rooms which stood against the wall and
had there formed a bastion similar to
those in the corners of our prison walls.
These rooms seem to have been cere-
monial chambers. as / dug out of them
religious ,paraphernalia Of copper. paint
such as worn by medicine men and other
ceremonial materials. Two of these rooms
contained skeletons. In the diagonal
corner of the compound-the northeast
l uncovered the ruins of building even
bigger than Casa Grande itself, and con-
tanning eleven rooms with plastering
fairly preserved. one with inside walls
painted green. This building l believe to
have been residential rather than cere-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1908-12-20

He became the paleontologist in charge
of invertebrate paleontology in 1883. chief
paleontologist in 1891. the geologist in
charge of geology and paleontolosy IN
$685. and succeeded Maj. J. w. Powell IN
the dictatorship of the survey July /,
1894
Mr.. Walcott's part in organizing the
reclamation service has not been the
least of his achievements, and there are
few men in whom exceptional qualitica-
tons as an executive and as a scientist
are as equally well developed as are
his.
In taking charge of his new post Mr..
Walcott made this memorable deciara-
ton of purpose: THE heads of the in
stitution have thus far been specialists
trained in different branches of knowI-
edge. Henry was a physicist. Baird a
naturalist, Langley an astronomer and
physicist. While they We're carrying on
each of these men pursued particular in
vestigations. No one of them, however.
allowed his judgment to be biased by the
limitations of his speciality. l hope to
follow in the footsteps of these men. In
addition to guiding the affairs Of the
institution / expect to carry on research
work in geology and paleontolosy, and to
prepare some memoirs on these subjects
which have occupied large part of my
life
So 1t is that the secretary Of the Smith
sonian Institution may be found al inter-
walls in the future as we'll as I'm the past
leading pony laden with a bag full of
specimens down steep mountain trail to
some camp Established where there is lit
tie else to be found but grim cliffs which
to others have foreboding appearance eX-
cept at a distance. but to him a perennial
charm. Mr.. Walcott has studied the older
sedimentary rocks of the North Amer
lean continent from Newfoundland to Ala
bama on the eastern side and from south
eastern California far into Canada on the
western. but even at that he has not gone
on an exploring expedition as unusual as
one of his predecessors, Langley, who WIS.,
tied the Tahiti Island in the South Pa
cific ocean. and saw and described the
celebrated fire-walk ceremony of the ma
tives. This was vacation experience OF
1angley's undertaken at private expense.
The Smithsonian Institution has explora-
tons under way nearly all the time. and
two of the most interesting conducted I'M
der it's auspices in recent years have been
the expedition of Charles W. Gilmore, a
preparation of the National Museum, to
Alaska in search of Pleistocene fossil YER
tebrates and that of DR.. George p. Mer-
rill. head curator of geology of the same
institution. to study the meteor crater of
Canyon Diablo In Arizona. each of which
has been the subject of entertaining ac-
counts published by the institution. In
palmer language Mr. Gilmore was hunt
ing for bones OF prehistoric animals. such
as the mammoth and mastodon. and DR..
Merrill endeavored to settle. one of the
countrys leading meteoric experts, the
mooted question 10 whether q great
hoe in the ground $50 feet deep. meas
ured from the rim, the floor of which is
40 feet below the level of the surround
ing plain. and contains nearly 800 acres.
was caused by the impact of meteor Of
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1908-12-20

CONTAINED Four Mys-
~ ferrous Inner Compounds
With Walls Like forbidden
City" of Peking-Dates From
Before White Mans Advent
Excavations Reveal Great
Buildings of Blocks Made of
Lime Mixed With Adobe
Chiefs Skeleton Found Lying
in State in One Big House
Many Ceremonial Rooms
Containing Sun w ors ip
Paraphernalia-Most Impor-
tant Archaeological Find in
America - Interview With
Discoverer Just Returned
From the Field.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1908-12-20

the annals of the geological survey is
that of Arnold Hague of Washington.
Mr.. Hague was born in Boston in 1870
and in 1867 received appointment as as
sistant geologist on the exploration of the
fortieth parallel under Clarence King.
He cola borated with Samuel l.. E.mmons
in making the report of the geological
work of the exploration, covering a pc
riod of ten yeas. In 1878 and 1879 he was
engaged by the Chinese government to
examine the mining regions of northern
China. and travelled extensively i'm that
country. He became one of the biologists
OF the United States geological survey on
its organization and subsequently studied
the country in and around Yellowstone
Park. Mr.. Hague represented the Smith
sonian Institution at the centenary of the
Geological Society of London in 1907.
Few biologists are better known that
William Healey Dali who's Alaskan eX-
plorations have been mentioned Mr..
Dali was born in Boston in 1915, the son
of a clergyman. one of countless sons of
ciergymsn who have attained distinction
and proved the fallacy Of popular notion
that sons CT ciergymen rarely amount to
anything. H was educated at private
schools and was a pupil Of AgasSiZ in his
study of natural history. He was asso-
ciated with Col. J. w. Foster in geological
work in the Lake Superior iron region in
1865 and 1864. and joined the West rn
Union Telegraph Companys expedition to
surgeon He remained there three years
and brought large collection CT speci-
mems 10 Washington The following year
he took charge of work in Alaska for the
united states coast survey and made
many charts of Alaskan coasts. He was
employed on this work five years He
Joined the geological survey as paleon-
tologist in 1855. He has been honored
with many offices in various scientific So
cieties and is the correspondent of a large
In ieft mi
pal work has been the explora ton of
Alaska and the scientific research lie
made into its resources geology ard nat
ural history.
coworker with Mr.. Dali on the coast
survey work was the late Marcus Baker,
who was afterward employed on the dis
puted boundary line between Venezuela
ard British Guiana Among NJ. Dals
other honors have been that of appoint
ment as honorary curator at the National
Museum.
Agricultural explorers have also been
active for many years Only d few
months ago Frank y. Meyer returned
from three years trip in Asia in which
he sought for new plants adapted to Gull
ture in this country, and studied how the
Chinese farmed dry land. He is enc of
many field workers of the Department of
Agriculture who labor in all parts of the
world. and his observations on the de-
nuding of Chinese forests were referred
to at length in the Presidents recent
message. DIR. Albert Mann has travelled
extensively in Europe recently. Among
the most notable OF Department of Ayr
culture expeditions that to Death
valley in 1890. of which &. Hart Merriam
later chief of the biologca survey. had
charge Edward Wilson Nelson. whose
exploring experiences in Alaska and par
ticipation in the Jeanette relief eXpedi-
ton has been noted, was IA member of the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1908-12-20

HAT is generally
regarded here as
the most importan
archaeological find
v e t accomplished
within our borders
has lately b e e n
made in Arizona by
DIR. J. w. Fewkes
o, the bureau of
American ethnol-
ogy. This archie
ologist, who has re-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1908-12-20

in the north west corner were found rooms
with only fragile walls, and between these
ruins and those of the northeast corner
we dug out shrine in which were sew
erai interesting idols. The southeast
corner ana the central space were open,
affording either a plaza for ceremonials
OF a place where part OF the populace
allowed to live within the walls had built
theft; perishable houses. Along the pits
west wall we uncovered the mortar beds
used by these prehistoric masons TO mix
the mortar with which they joined the
blocks Of adobe and lime out of which
these structures were built This walled
Enclosure seems to have been used for
both dwelling and ceremonial purposes.
cemented the outer wall at the base and
put in surrounding ditch to drain the
foundations and protect them from the
erosion of future rains I also put up
legends to indicate the nature of the
rooms to tourists
Then I began digging $40 feet east
Of the ruin of Casa Grande and uncov-
cred the walls of substantial structure,
which was 113 feet long by 80 feet wide.
not including annex built off from
the middle of one of the longer sides.
Forming three sides Of this big house
were eleven rooms on the ground floor.
The fourth side opened into an interior
hall thus forming one big space. perhaps
used as a dance plaza. At the end of
this. looking the length of the building.
We're two adjoining rooms. that next the
plaza containing a tall-backed chair fac
ing west. probably the old seat of the
chief. Some of the rooms appeared to
be ceremonial chambers, others gathering
places. and some had no doors. showing
that they must have had entered through
trapdOors in the ceilings
In the annex at the side there was a
large room, against the main structure,
and a smaller room jutting out behind
that In the larger room We found the
skeleton of chief lying upon long
das raised against the wall toward the
main building. The opposite walls of
this mortuary chamber were decorated
with n dado of symbolic birds. This in
terestng ruin seems to have been a
structure where ceremonials. including
dances, were regularly held.
We next dug north of this structure.
finding another compound east of and
abreast of the first described. Inside
big wall was central building whose
interior walls were decorated with black
imprints of human hands. About equally
far over to the west of the first COM
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1908-12-20

turned to the city to report his dis
coveries. is already distinguished for hay
ing dug several prehistoric cities out of
our southwestern deserts
Out of that desert of southern Arizona
which is known as the ella valley Dr.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1908-12-20

of
hitherto unknown
regions of the
United States has
been an experience
or SO many persons
connected with the
government depart
ments that the
stories of their adj
ventures, If conf
piled. would riva.
the Arabian Nights