The Columbus journal., 1908-12-09

the ocean mail act OF 1891 % that 0At14s
factory American ocean mail lines t.
South America. Asia. the Philippines
and Australasia may be established
HaWaii.
call particular attention to the Ter.
ritOry Of Hawaii. The importance Of
those islands Is apparent. and the need
of improving their condition and de-
velOping their resources Is urgent.
The Philippines.
Real proRrcss toward self g0vernment
il being made In the Philippine islanda
I trust that within q generations
the time win arrive when the Phihppane1
can decide for themselves whether e =
well for them to become independent. o.
to continue under the protection Of
strong and disinterested power. able C
guarantee to the islands order at home
and protection from foreign invasion.
Porto Rico.
again recommend that American Gle.
izenship be conferred upon the people 81
Porto Rico.
In Cuba our occupancy viii cease In
about two months time: the Cubans
have In orderly manner elected their own
governmental authorities. and the island
will be turned over to them. Our occu
patton on this occasion has lasted . ht.
tie over two years, and Cuba has thriv.
en- and pr0spered under II. Our earnes,
hope and one desire is that the peopls
of the island shall now govern them
selves with justice. 30 that peace and or.
der may be secure.
japanese Exposition.
The Japanese government has post.
poned until 1917 the date of the great
int
Ing taken SO as to insure ample time
in which to prepare to make the expo.
sition all that 1t should be made. Tho
American commissioners have visited
Japan and the pOstponement will mere
ly give ampler opportunity for Aneri-
ca to be represented at the exposition.
Not since the first International expo
sitiOn has there been one Of greater
Importance than this will be. marking.
as 1t does the fiftieth anniversary Of
the ascension to the throne Of the en-
peror Of Japan. The extraordinary
leap to the foremost place among tho
nations Of the world made by Japan
during this half century Is something
unparalleled in all previous history.
take this opportunity publicly to
state my appreciation of the way in
which In Japan. in Australia. in New
Zealand. and in all the states of South
America, the battle feet has been re-
ceived on its practice voyage around
the world. The American government
can not too strongly express its appre-
citation of the Astounding and generous
hospitality shown our ships in every
port they visited.
The Army.
As regards the army I call attention
to the fact that while our junior off,
GERS and enlisted men stand very high.
the present system of promotion by
seniority results in bringing into the
higher grades many men OF mediocre
capacity who have but a short time to
serve. No man should regard 1t al his
vested right to rise to the highest rank
in the army any more than in any
other profession. 1t is a curious and
by no means creditable fact that there
should be SO often a failure on the
part Of the public and it's representa-
tives to understand the great need.
from the standpoint of the service and
the nation, Of refusing to promote re-
spectacle. elderly fncompetents. Tho
higher places should be given to the
most deserving men without regard to
seniority: at least seniority should be
treated as only one consideration. In
the stress of modern industrial COM
petition no business firm could succeed
If those responsible for its management
were chosen simply on the ground that
they were the oldest people In its en-
plOyment; yet this Is the course advo-
Gated as regards the army. and re-
quired by law for all grades except
those Of general officer. AS a matter
of fact all Of the best officers in the
highest ranks Of the army are those
who have attained their present posi-
ton wholly or in part by q process Of
selection.
The scope Of retiring boards should
be extended so that they could con-
slider general unfitneSs to command for
any cause. in order to secure a far more
rigid enforcement than at present In
the elimination of officers for mental,
physical or temperamental disabilities.
But this plan is recommended only IL
the congress does not see fit to provide
what in my Judgment is far better.
that is for selection in promotion, and
for elimination for age. Officers who
fail to attain a certain rank by a GER
tain age. should be retired-for in
stance, il a man should not attain
field rank by the time he is Is he
should of course be placed on the re-
tired list. General officers should be
selected as at present. and one-third
of the other promotions should be
made by selection. the selection to be
made by the president or secretary of
war from a list of at least two candi-
dates proposed for each vacancy by a
board Of officers from the arm of the
service from which the promotion Is
to be made. A bill is now before the
congress having for its object to Sc
cure the promotion of officers to vari-
Gus grades at reasonable ages through
a process of selection. by boards of Of
ficers. of the least efficient for retire.
ment with n percentage of their pay
depending upon length of service. The
bill. although not accomplishing all
that should be done. is a long step in
the right direction; and / earnestly
recommend it's passage. or that of q
more completely effective measure.
National Guard.
Now that the organized militia. tho
National Guard, has been incorporated
with the army as a part OF the national
forces. it behOOves the government to
do every reasonable thing in it's power
to perfect it's efficiency. 1t should be
assisted in its instruction and other
wise aided more literally than hereto
fore. The continuous services of many
well-trained regular officers will be
essential In this connection. A
bill is now pending before the
congress creating a number of extra
officers in the army. which II passed.
as it ought to be, will enable moro
officers to be trained as instructors Of
National Guard and assigned to that
duty. In case Of war IL will be Of the
utmost importance to have a largo
number Of trained officers to use for
turning raw levies into good troops.
The Navy.
approve the recommendation Of
the general board for the in
crease Of the navy. calling especial
attention to the need of add
ticnal destroyers and Golfers. and above
all, Of the four battleships. 1t ID desir-
able to complete as soon as possible O