davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1907-1908, 1908-01-14
will become more apparent with the
needs of increased population.
PREVENTION OF FLOODS
AND PURIFYING THE PAS
SAlC.

One section of our State is greatly in-
terested in recent legislation to provide
against the recurrence of disastrous floods
that have resulted in a tremendous loss
and destruction OF property. This necessary
legislation has been made supplementary
to the control of our potable waters by
The State as agent for the people, SO that
the works necessary to prevent disaster
by flood may be utilized to conserve and
store pure and wholesome water for do
nestle uses.
After years of vexatious controversy,
the statute books at last contain legislation
for the publication of the Passaic River.
True, the problem has yet to be solved by
practical experience, but legislative sane
ton has at last been given in response to
the demand that united action was neces-
sary on the part of the communities affect
ed IL the Passaic was ever TO cease to be
an opel sewer and become a waterway fit
for industry and transportation. Prelimi-
nary steps have already been taken to this
end under the direction of the Passaic Val
ley Sewerage Commission.
1.-THE condition of this stream and the
cost of purifying it is d warning against
permitting our rivers to become the carriers
of waste and refuse. The Legislature has
passed stringent laws in this connection,
and under them municipalities as well as
individuals have been given notice by the,
State Sewerage Commission that, within
reasonable time, they must In the interests
OF the public health cease to pollute the
running streams and aid In maintaining tho
purity and cleanliness of these natural
water supplies.
The evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1907-1908, 1908-01-14
WOULD TAX AMERICANS s
FOR FOREIGN MARRIAGES.
Gathers Paying Out Too Much Real
Gold for Tinsel Crowns" Says
Author of Unique Bill.

WASHINGTON, D. c.. Jan. 14-Rep-
resentatLve Adolph A. Sabbath, of
Illinois. a native of Bohemia and a
bachelor, believes, to quote his own
words, that "the fathers of our Amer
lean girls are paying out too much real
gold In the purchase Of tinsel crowns"
With a view to discouraging the
practise he has introduced a bill to
provide a 20 per cent. tax upon "all
dowries. gifts, settlements or advances
of property made in consideration Of
or contemplation Of marriage by cit
liens OF subjects of the United States
OF America to persons other than cit
liens or subjects of the United States
of America"
"Since the initiation by the AstorS
of the practise of marrying American
girls to foreign titles" said Mr.. Sab
bath. 5000, 900. 900 has been drawn from
the private wealth of citizens Of the
United States in dowries and marriage
settlements paid within the last four
teen years"
Representative Hull, Of Iowa, de-
clared he would propose an amendment
looking 20 giving the girl or her family
the tax thus proposed upon the usual
divorce or the husbands desertion OF
the girl.
The evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1907-1908, 1908-01-14
TRAINMEN WILL URGE z
BETTER LEGISLATION.
[Froln a s.an cOrrespondent.l

TRENTON, Jan. IA score Of
prominent representatives Of the
Brotherhood of Railway Trainmen
gathered at the Trenton House at 10
O'Clock this morning and discussed
plans for having laws enacted at the
session of the Legislature beginning to-
day that will force the railroads TO pay
employees every two weeks, and to
bring about a number of other reforms.
1t was agreed that there should be
a man maintained here during the ses-
sion to work in the interest OF the
International Brotherhood. 1t is *
pected that some time today Grand
Master Fuller, of Washington, d. c..
will reach the city.
The trainmen say that they get paid
every seven weeks at best, and hat II
is a hardship that only law can over
come. They want a bill passed requir-
ing a third man on the big modern loco
motives where the engineer and fire.
man cannot see each other. Another
law they will work for would provide
for shorter hours for train crews, par
ticularly engineers and firemen.
Copies of twenty-four bills hat have
been up at one time or another and
failed of passage were considered by
the conferees at the Trenton House.
The evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1907-1908, 1908-01-14
CHANGES IN COMMITTEE
ON IMMIGRATION MANY.
Mr.. Howell Is Chairman-rts Position
on Education Test for Aliens
Is in Doubt. dNE
Especial to the Evening start


WASHINGTON. d. c., Jan. 1h-one
more member was added to the COMMITTEES
on immigration and naturalization, OF
which Mr.. Howell is the chairman, In this
Congress. and q number Of changes were
made in its membership. Mr.. Bonynge, OF
Colorado; Mr.. Stevens, Of Minnesota, Re-
publicans; Mr.. Dllerbee. Of South Caro-
lima, and Mr.. Bell, Of Texas, were dropped
from the committee, while Mr.. Rupert, OF
New York. was not returned to the Six
tieth Congress.
The now men on the committee are Don
c. Edwards, OF kentucky; Gustav Kus-
termann, Of Wisconsin; John A. NJ. Adair,
OF Indiana; Adolph J. SABBATH. OF Illinois;
Joseph F. O'Connell, OF Massachusetts,,
and John H.. Rothermel, of Pennsylvania.
1t is a matter of some conjecture as to
how the new committee will stand on the
proposition Of an education test for inn
migrants, although It is possible that the
committee will have q majority for any
thing restrictive IN spite OF the fact that
Mr.. Kustermann, one OF the Republic
cans. was an immigrant years ago to this
country.
BY request Mr.. Loudenslager has intro
duoed a bill for the relief Of William Rad
cliffe, a British subject. who Ind some
property damaged at Delta, Colo, by a
mob, and wants $500 damages. He has
recommended the appointment OF Jeremiah
S. Wheeler as postmaster at Cross Keys
Gloucester County.
The evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1907-1908, 1908-01-14
THE STATE AND LOCAL EXPENSES.

''The policy of our State to assist as far
as possible in the payment OF local ex-
penses is broadening in scope and char
acter,
1.-THE sum which may be fairly classi-
fed under this policy amounted during the
fiscal year to a little over S2.547,000. To
this should be added the franchise tax on
public utility corporations which the State
.relinquishes to municipalities, amounting
to over S626, 900. A still further addition
of 81. 200, 900, which Is a safe estimate as to
amount from the tax on second-class rail-
road property, makes a total of 4,3l3,O0O.
Nearly all of this, annually returned to
the municipalities, none of which is de-
rived from taxation of individual property,
has accrued under laws and administra-
ton OF the last ten years. This is about
IA per cent. of all of the taxes raised for
county, local and school purposes in the
State.
Notwithstanding this increased income,
taxes have not been proportionately light
ened. if, indeed, within this period they
have not been materially increased.
I'm view OF the fact that two million
and q half dollars more from the rail-
roads is to be added to the local treasury,
the Legislature might wisely consider the
a%dvisability of such legislation as would
make his sum a direct benefit to the
taxpayer.
The evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1907-1908, 1908-01-14

686. 9e1. q. Disbursements, 1855 12.1Ss
claim against First National Bank Of 40
bury Park cancelled by the Legislature.
$40; total. 1886, $50. rs; balance In bank at
commencement OF fiscal year, S1,3eo.0ss.H.
School Fund-Receipts. 1851 ,93T.39; bal
ance in bank at close of previous
fiscal year, 500. 565. 80; total. $s70,503.32; dis
bursements, SIR. 1870; balance in bank
commencement OF this fiscal year, $751;.
045.72.
State School Tax-Receipts. $2,0s2, 2os. 20.
This sum was all disbursed to The various
taxing districts for the reduction Of the
local school tax.
Local Tax or Railroad Corporations
Balance in bank at commencement OF
previous fiscal year, $19, IA. 90; receipts,
$562,651. SO; total, 1851, 793.78; this amount
was all disbursed to the local taxing dis
tricts and went toward the reduction of
the local taxes.
Department of Motor Yehicles-Balance
in bank at the commencement of the
So, 6S5. %; total, 3139. 1871 disbursements,
$50, 1893. A: balance in bank for disburse-
ment for road repairs. $50, 1865. 20.
Disbursement of United States Appro-
prlation to agricultural colleges $4,000.
Disbursement of appropriation of the
United States for disabled soldiers at
Kearny, $35, 4S3.M. Disbursement of United
States appropriation for Vineland Sol
diers' Home. $4,666.0.
The State Treasurer also reported as Sc
curities of the state fund 1887 shares Of
the stock of the Delaware and Raritan
Canal and Camden and Amboy Railroad,
par value, s1SS,70
The evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1907-1908, 1908-01-14
AIDING AGRICULTURE BY
TROLLEY FREIGHT CARS.

New Jersey is happily situated In the
midst of an almost unlimited market for
its agricultural products. Appropriations
and legislation have both sought to en-
courage this field of effort. Short courses
in agriculture have been authorized by the
State to enable the farmer TO pursue his
studies during the winter while work Is
slack. and to learn the most approved and
scientific methods of agriculture, so that
In filling the soil he may use his head as
well as his hands.
TN order that the agricultural communi-
ties may be brought In quicker touch with
the market for their products, trolley COM
panies have been authorized TO carry
freight, subject to the consent Of the
municipalities. Competition in freight
rates is thus secured and unjust charges
provided against.
'"rhe pure-food law takes effect October
], 1905. Some amendments are necessary TO
this measure to enable improvement in the
standards. The measure, however. protects
the public against adulterated or I'M
properly branded foods, and, taken In con-
nectiou with the laboratory of the State
Board of Health. where analysis of medici-
nal and food Preparations are made, insureS
the public against fraudulent articles.
New buildings and better facilities have
greatly added to the efficiency of the
Manual Training and Industrial School for
Colored Youths at Bordentown,"
The evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1907-1908, 1908-01-14
QUOTES ROOSEVELT AND
ENDORSES HIS VIEWS.

Governor Stokes next asserts that
President Roosevelt, in his speech at
Indianapolis, last May, aid down a
fundamental principle of safe and a
legislation when, in speaking of the
necessity of inducing private capital
to invest in railways, he said:
But the interests of those who
build, who manage, and who tnyest
in the railroads must be no less
scrupulously guarded than the In
terests of the public. II is urgent
ly necessary at the present time,
in order to relieve the existing
congestion of business. and to do
away with the paralysis. which
threatens our expanding industries,
because of limited and inefficient
means OF distribution, that our
railway facilities should be SO In
creased as to meet the imperative
demands of cur internal commerce..
Jbe want can he met only by pri-
vate capital. md the vast expendi-
ture necessary for such purposes
will not be incurred unless private
capital II afforded reasonable In
renfive and protection. 1t Is there
fore a prime necessity to allow In
vestmefts in railway properties to
earn a liberal return. a return sufi-
GENTLY liberal to cover all risks.
We cannot get an improved service
unless the carriers of the country
can sell their securities, and there
fore nothing should be lone unwar-
rantedly to impair this credit nor
decrease the value of their out
standing obligations"
The evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1907-1908, 1908-01-14

separate the issues and avoid increasing
the number of elections.
A years delay. however, il recon-
mended to avoid retarding the sub
mission to the people of the constitu-
tional amendments providing for the
election of assemblymen by districts.
The proposed judiciary amendments
are in the same condition as the separa-
tion of election amendments.
The reconstruction of our courts in
the interest of Justice and economy is
advocated.
Compilation of the statutes has made
considerable progress and is rapidly ap-
preaching completion. The result sug-
gests the need of a thorough revision.
The new work will give to q revision
commission or commissions a complete
working compilation, simplifying their
mechanical labor.
Curtailment of legislation is sug-
gested, as well as Withholding of unnec-
essary bills.
The evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1907-1908, 1908-01-14
IMMIGRANTS. LABOR OF
CHILDREN, CHARITIES.


"our state is the hrst to enact laws pro-
viding for a general systematic policy for
supervision and instruction OF the imni-
grant.
Our child-labor laws, which compare IA
Union. and under which excellent results
have been achieved, have been reinforced
by the passage Of an act prohibiting the
camille establishments after the hours Of
2 O'Clock in the evening, excepting Satur-
day evenings, when the time is extended to
Q o'clock. and during the busy Christmas
season. A recent act prohibits the em-
ployment of minors under the age of 1S
at night In bake shops. and extends the
bakeries to employ any minor under II
years of age.
THE creation of the Department of Char
tiles and Corrections has saved the State
In architects fees alone $s2 242 above the
cost Of maintaining this branch Of the de-
%partrnent.
The evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1907-1908, 1908-01-14

the corporations Increased earnings. One
telephone company in this State. with 1900
telephones, pays $1,000 annually In taxes.
A telephone company in an adjoining
state. with 1850 telephones, pays annually
5000 II taxes. The contrast IS marked.
The vexed problem of railroad taxation,
which has been a subject for discussion
for over twenty years. has been solved by
iegisia tion that received the unanimous
approval of both branches Of the Legisla-
tire. The railroads did not accept II as q
tinality. ut protested against 1t in the
courts. Pending its judicial settlement, all
OF the taxes levied under the new laws
hare not been paid. The Court OF Errors
and Appeals has sustained the act of 1906,
under which 1t was provided that the
main stem of the railroads should be
taxed at the average rate OF the State, and
must be taxed under the so-called Dufield
act OF 1905. which provides that second
class property shall be taxed at the local
rates. This decision s~ustains the funda-
mental principles contended for by the
State, and preserves the revenues in every
particular. both Of the State and the
municipalities. Under this new act,
the railroads pay nearly $500. 900 on
the main stem, which, added to n CON
sentative estimate of SI,2OO,OOO on
second-cIass property paid to the
municipalities. makes the total tax
paid s4,7O0.OOO. This il nearly one
sixth of the total taxes paid by all
the rest of the property In the state
Tor all purposes.
This briefly covers some of the recent
important enactments. These are not
necessarily final upon any Of the subjects
which they cover. No laws are perfect In
shelr first inception: otherwise there would
be no room for Improvement. and no
progress. All OF them can doubtless be
strengthened by subsequent amendments,
but they ell Indicate important State
policies which have met with the approval
of the majority of our people and have
been enacred in their interest"
The evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1907-1908, 1908-01-14
CORPORATE PUBLICITY AND
A REMEDY FOR OVER
CAPITALIZATION PRO-
Posed.

There are two distinct classes OF cor
porations engaged in the business life of
today. The close corporation, commonly
called the private company, whose stock
holdings are confined to the few-a part
ncrship In corporate f0rm-and the cor
poration that invites the public to invest
in its securities and share in Its hazards.
The former are private ventures. Their
affairs are not matters Of public concern,
The latter, on the contrary, are broader
In scope, have large numbers OF investors.
their stocks and bonds are bought and
sold on the exchange, and they are there
fore enterprises in which the public have
an interest, and of whose condition they
have n right TO some knowledge.
"A proper amount of publicity In cor
porate management allays suspicion and
inspires confidence.
"An accountability stimulates careful,
prudent and honest management; publi-
city is a protection both for the banks and
their clients.
sDrastic laws that Interfere with and
handicap business enterprises are
never helpful to business prosperity.
The state shonId and not
deter by hampcring legislation, the de-
The evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1907-1908, 1908-01-14
REDUCTION OF STATE SCHOOL TAX,

"As has been previously stated, this sum
amounts TO rs per cent. OF the state scnool
tax now borne by individual property.
This tax. therefore. could be reduced 70
this extent without reducing the income OK
our public schools. provided the railroads
pay their taxes without further ,1ugation'
Another reason argues for this s!ugges-
ton: The State school tax is q fixed rate.
1t was fixed at a time when the properly
of the State was grossly undervalued ana
was not assessed according to the %consti-
~tutional standard. The raising OF ina.
valuation to the constitutional standarq
means an increase in the amount derived
from fhe State school tax not contemplated
by the necessities of the schoo system at
the time The rate was fixed;
of which is sufficient. J. recommend the
passage OF an act materially reducing the
rate OF the State schoo tax.
This will not reduce the revenues
of our public schools, but will reduce
the bills OF the taxpayers"
The evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1907-1908, 1908-01-14
CIVIL SERVICE AND REFORM
OF GRAND JURY.

The Governor says that a judicial
civil service law providing that APP
pointments-municipal, county and
State-be based upon efficiency, has
previously been recommended for con-
sideration. and the arguments for 1t so
often presented that repetition is UNI
necessary. The platform of both par
ties Endorsed It in the last campaign,
and the fulhllment of the party pledge
now becomes a matter of good faith.
He adds:
Twice has a measure OF this character
passed the Senate. The last measure was
prepared by n committee appointed by the
Senate. Since the adjournment OF the Leg
i~slature that committee have given further
consideration TO the question, and have
prepared a bill as the result of their In
Vestigation.
"A civil service measure should not fail
to include within It's provisions, election
officers, assessors and boards of original
valuation. The manner In which election
returns are received In the Department of
State shows the necessity of improved
service and the disadvantage of changing
the election officers without cause. The
necessity for placing assessors and boards
Of valuation under civil service grows out
of the responsible character of their work,
and their required protection from selfish
interests and political influences IL they
are properly to perform their duties.
THE change in the method of paneling
petit jurico wGs authorized by the Legis-
lative session Of 1905. The judge Of the
Court of Common Pleas is now responsible
for the character of the petit Jury, n
II the lists do not contain persons fitted
for the duty he Is authorized. In the in
terests of Justice. To reject any or all
names and substitute others.
THE method of selecting grand juries,
however, still remains unsatisfactory.
Some States reject the Grand Jury system
entirely. in others such Jurors are selected
by commissions.
'"Th Grand Jury has great power either
for Justice or injustice. IF unfairly used
It can impair regulations, put life and
property In jeopardy, or allow the wrong
docr to escape the consequences of his
crime. A power Of this kind should never
be entrusted to the hands Of any one indi-
vidual. So long as the Grand Jury system
Is maintained the names OF tho grand
Jurors should be selected by. lot from n
proper list of eliglbles prepared by n Judge
Of some competent court, Such a Jury
would be above suspicion Of having been
liked or collected through influence or
fayoritism. With such a. panel every case
would be treated upon It's merits and every
consideration weighed in the scales Of
even-handed Justice"
The evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1907-1908, 1908-01-14
OF GOVERNMENT CON.
STAMTLY INCREASING.

The Governor next devotes a chapter
to the finances of the State and calls
attention to the tendency of local COM
munities to shift their own burdens
upon the State. The balance on hand
has been decreasing from s2,s 1858, 39S en-
October 81, 1905. to 81. 92o, 03s on the same
date in 1907. AT this time the net hall
nnce is only $500. 900, with near liabili.
ties that will reduc 1t to $3.50, 900. The
Governor refers to the increased appro-
priations for public institutions OF
various kinds. New functions OF gov
eminent are yearly adding to the ex-
pense. He says:
''The policy Of distributing over a million
dollars a year to the various taxing dis
tricts to reduce the State school tax, wise
though 1t is In purpose and effect, adds to
the drain upon the State income.
The rapid increase In the lumber or
State dependents shows no signs of ceska.
ton. Every State Institution Is crowded
to its utmost capacity, and is likely TO
continue knocking at the doors of the
treasury for needed relief.
New Jersey has grown in population
faster than any Of the States. with three
and will show still greater gains when the
tunnel facilities etwee our State and
New York are completed.
Under these conditions the pToblem OF
htGRlAA6 u 70 vi GAt oAN'N
within its Income, previously suggested
for legislative consideration, Is likely to
become acute In the near future.
"Thc consolidation Of some of the
ssIaried commissions and boards now
exercising ~cognate duties would serve
the interests of economy. The million
dollars appropriated out of the state
treasury for the schools could, at the
discretion of the Legislature, be used
for state purposes This, however,
would compel the taxpayers to add to
their taxes y like amount for schoo
purposes.
1.-The recommendation Of the Quarter
master-General that the summer encamp-
National Guard, instead OF the entire dt-
vision. win reduce expenses in this branch
of the State government.
Every economy possible should be in
a~ugurated to keep down the current ex-
lenses of the State"
The Governor calls attention to the
necessity of preserving the State reve-
nue., which is not increasing to an APP
probable extent, but is likely to de-
crease. Other States are offering in
ducenents to corporations and "the
growing spirit of Federalism, the tend
enc toward national corporation of
business companies will, when realized,
deprive New Jersey of a great source
of ven