The new South-news., 1908-10-03

Drainage benefits tho land also BY sf
fofdiDg roady outlet for all erccs'
~ water. thereby preventing stagna
sion and removing n source OF evil
The bad Effects produced by nm OK.
cess of waterfall OF which are. OF
course. removed BY drainags--may bs
enumerated AZ length One evil pro.
duced r. tho consequent dimInution
In the quantity OF air within II. which
mir IN of the greatest consequence.
not only In promoting the chemical
changes requisite for the preparation
Of the food FOR plants. but likewise
10 the roots themselves. Excess OF
water Injuries the soil by diminishing
its temperature in summer and In
creaHing Il iE wlnter--a tranapositlon
Of nature most hurifui to pcrenniaia.
because the yigor Of plant In spring
depends greatly upon the iowncss OF
temperature 20 which Il has been sub
icciod during winter (withln certain
iimiial. as the difference OF tempcra-
turo between vlnior and spring Ia
The exciting cause Of the ascent OF tho
nap. Tho presence Of large quantity
of water IN tho soil also alters the re-
suit of putrefaction. by which some
substances are formed which are use
less TO plants. An increase In the
proportion of moisture in soils has a
powerful effect upon It's saline con
ntituentn. by which many changes are
produced diamctrlcaily opposite 10
those that take place In soil where the
water II much less In quantity, and in
this way the good effects OF many val
uable constituents are greatly dimin.
ishod. ea for instance. the action of
carbonic acid upon lime and green
materials. and gypsum upon ear
Donate OF ammonia
Tho proportion Of plan, foods avail |
able In the soil for tho uso of crops
is largely Influenced by drainage and |
tho amount OF surplus water In the |
SOIL The directions OF the currents |
which occur In wet rolls are entirely |
altered by drainage: IN undrained
soil are altogether from below upward |
being produced by tho force OF |
evaporation at tho surface-oonsc-
uuently the npongloloa OF the plants |
are supplied with undesirable subsoil
water but whom the land is drained |
the currents are from the surface TO |
The drains. and the roots are. conse. I
guenlly, supplied with fresh acrated
water. Drainage increases tho alb.
Sorptlon OF carbonic acid. also fao at
moaphoric supply of food, and Gre
ates a tendency in the plant to pro-
duco leaves possessing different |
structure from those which the same |
plant produces In dry situations. An
other important point Ia that on land |
'hat has been drained u. system of |
snbsoiling can be adopted with ten
fold advantage. which IL AN ob jcct OF
tho hishcst importanc,. FOR there is |
no doubt that the use of the subsoll
plow has been satisfactory on almost
All soils, having been found as yalua-
bic ON llghr lands with rentcntivo
bottoms as upon thoHc of more com
pact and sitter surface, rendering
soils drler In wet weather and more
moist during a season OF drought.
Ihat tenacious and impervlous sub
soil must be relieved from the water
collected and retained on It's surface
growth of vegetable matter has been
most clearly and satisfactorily asccr-
taincd. The best mode OF enecting
this object may be a question. but IL
is probable that understanding with
tiles viii be found the most econom-
teal method.
A cold soil Ia never capable OF pro- |
ducing profitable crops. An excess |
OF water In tho soil. In addition to its |
injury to the soi'. also produces a
constant dampncss OF the atmosphere.
which has been shown to be Injurious
TO plants. especially by diminishing
evaporation, thus rendering the
process OF assimilation slower. aud In
some sections and on certain farms
malaria results. In fact. there Is every
reason TO believe that surface water.
which Is for the most part stagnapt.
Is by far the most injurious. because
In this manner tho currents produced |
during the heat OF summer-namely
the period a; which vegetation should
be most actiye--will OF necessity be
entirely from below upwards. beins
produced by the evaporation OF the
water upon the surface of the soil, the
consequence being tnat the roots OF
the plants. instead OF being supplied
with water charged with the valuable
plants foods. Will be supplied with
water which has existed SO long in the
soil that is will have lost ia, Sc yegeta-
Bile Ingredients. and will. moreover.
be charged with excremontitious mat
tsrs. No system OF drainage can di-
minish the quantity OF water which
soil receives, II can only AFFECT the
quantity which II retains and prevent
stagnation hy allowing 1; TO escape
freely that continual currents are pro-
duced so long as any excess of water
remains. Drainage will not fail to
pay percentage upon the cost far
greater than many other Investments,
AS that land which mas been reclaimed
BY drainage will oftontimes require no