davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1908-1909, 1908-07-01
THE BIG NOISE.

Bill-Why is it the under dog In a
fight should get most of the attention?
Jill-Because he's doing all the yelp-
ing!-Yonkers Statesman,
The star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1908-1909, 1908-07-01
LOCATING H TIME.

Mrs. Dearborn-How long have you
and Mr.. Wabash been married?
Mrs. Wabash-George, how long is it
since you stopped kissing me?-Yonkers
Statesman.
The star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1908-1909, 1908-07-01
SOFT.

Bill-Don't you know that a soft an
swer turneth away wrath?
Jill-No; l called a fellow a mush-
head, and he was fighting mad.-Yonk-
ers Statesman.
The star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1908-1909, 1908-07-01

Umpire, in the games beginning
Seven strikes were pitched hat inning;
Balls thou called them; thine the
SHINING:
The Vinita daily chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1902-1913, 1908-08-20
HOW THE CH|EFTAIN
IS REGARDED ABROAD

The resurrected Vinita Chieftain under
the magnificent editorial policy of Dave
Mars is like voice from the past. And
it is better voice than we we're wont to
hear in journalistic circles these days.
too. Mars never wore the collar of any
man. He is democrat. but he is no
machinist or corruptionist. just now,
though again in the harness hardly long
enough to be bridle-wise. he is making
suggestions to the political machine that
il would do well to heed. He recognizes
that the affairs of this state are being
ourageously manhauled by set Of po-
litical pirates. and, while he does not use
that language, his meaning is clear, The
world predicts that the revivitied Chieftain
will speedily make itself felt in the politi-
cal affairs Of Oklahoma.-Tulsa World
The Vinita daily chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1902-1913, 1908-08-20
CLUBS RESOLUTION
EXPRESSING GRATITUDE

The following resolution was passed by
the Commercial Club Of Vinita at its meet
ing on the 14th of August, 1908;
Be it Resolved by the Commercial Club
of Vlnita Oklahoma that this club on be-
half of its membership. representing the
substantial business men Of this city and
citizens generally That to Honorable
Luman F. Parker Jr., Of this city we owe
an everlasting debt Of gratitude for the
zeal, personal efforts and sacrifice of
time, energy and money in the conceiv-
ing planning. promoting and final con-
struction of Vinita's most beautiful. most
attractive. most useful monument the
Auditorium and park which have become
the pride and joy Of this municipality and
the center Of the new Vinita movement
toward Larger city, and that to him and
to his principal associates this city shall
ever be under debt Of gratitude lasting
longer than our own generation. and that
the park adjoining the Auditorium build
ing be named Parker Plaza, in honor of
its builder
The Vinita daily chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1902-1913, 1908-08-20
FRANK SMILEY ASSISTS
TWO TRAVELLING MEN

To Cenualia and return distance Of
forty-four miles in two hours actual run
ming is the record made by Frank Smiley
A. E. Hicks of the Ratcliff-Sanders Gro
cery Company and f. B. Woodward Of
Muskogee yesterday Hicks and Wood
ward, travelling men, we're unable TO pro-
cure rig at any Of the five livery stables
here and persuaded Smiley 70 take them
to Cenualia in his Ford Runabout Auto
mobile, The party left here at nine
O'Clock yesterday morning.reached Centra-
liza at ten o'clock. and left Cenualia at
-four O'Clock. in the afternoon and drove
into this city at five O'Clock. Automo-
biles areIsoon to take the place of livery
rigs. and the Craig county roads can
easily be built into good auto roads,
The Vinita daily chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1902-1913, 1908-08-20
SPECIAL OFFICER
BARNH|LL STABBED
Waugh's Assistant Wounded on
Train West Of This City-M
Prove Serious.

Tulsa, Okla, Aug. 20.---Special Enforce
ment officer Barnhill, Of Sapulpa. one of
B. J. Waueh's assistants. was stabbed and
it is believed seriously injured on Frisco
passenger train between Vinita and this
city, early last evening. BarnhilI was
placed in charge OF physician and taken
to Sapulpa. while his assailant, whose
name could not be learned, was arrested
by the train crew and handed over to the
officers Of Chelsea.
Barnhill was en- route his home when
the stabbing occurred. The assailant
boarded the train at Vinita and it is said
picked quarrel with the official. Words
were followed with blows, when the un-
known whipped out a knife and attempted
to drive it through BarnhiIl The latter
lodged and the knife sank into his thigh.
inflicting serious wound. The combat
ants were separated and when the train
stopped at Chelsea the assailant was
handed over to the police BarnhilIs
wounds were dressed and he was taken to
his home in Sapulpa.
The Vinita daily chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1902-1913, 1908-08-20
INDIAN SETTLEMENTS NOW DE-
MAND DAY SCHOOLS.
WILL OPEN SEPTEMBER lsT.
Superintendent Issues Incomplete
List of Teachers for the Various
Cherokee Tribal
Schools.

Muskogee Aug. 20--On the first day Of
September, thirty-fve boarding schools
for the Creek. Cherokee and Chickasaw
nations will open, the number OF pupils
in each school ranging from so to 100,
the average attendance being about 80
pupils. The Indian children of those
nations are very good about attending
the schools, but there is demand in
thickly settled Indian neiehb0rhoods for
day schools for the children. and Superin-
tendent Benedict may take steps to Ehave
the government supply this need at once.
Tuesday afternoon. the superintendent
issued the following incomplete list OF
teachers for thirty-fve boarding schools in
the Cherokee nation.
Female Seminary, located at Tahlequah-
Minta Foreman, principal teacher Ida Y.
Mosser, first assistant; Hattie b Stuart,
second assistant: Lola Garrett. assistant
teacher; Belle Cunningham. assistant
teacher. Janana Ballard, assistant teacher;
Mary L.Oxley domestic science teacher
Ellen McSpadden, matron;lSusie Walking
stick, assistant matron; George Hanks,
engineer: Paden Banks. cook; NJ J. Riggs,
assistant cook, Henry Tailor, janitor; Ella
Welch, Iaundress. Mrs E. ], Hancy. as
sistant laundress-
Male Seminary, located at Tahieqnah-
Walter A. Thompson. principal teacher
William T. Scott. first assistant William
7. Stuart. second assistant: A. J. Brown,
assistant teacher: Cassie Tiff. assistant
teacher; Margaret Clark, matron; Janet
Thompson. assistant matron; Dollie r.
Galloway. .seamstresss Robert Parker. cook
LueIla Parker. assistant cook: J.M-Steeley,
ianitor. j. E. Welch. laundryman.
Orphan Asylum, Tahlequah-Charles n.
Inglish, principal teacher: Ethel G. Scales
assistant teacher; Laura Cooper. matron'
Cora M. WHY, assistant matron, zillpha
Piercy, seamstress; Frances F. Haney
lanndress: Lee Watkins. cook; Samuel
Hcndley. janitor.
The Vinita daily chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1902-1913, 1908-08-20
oldest treaty.

The Oldest text Of real treaty ex-
tant is that Of the convention between
Rameses H., king of Egypt, and the
prince of Kheta, which embraces the
articles of a permanent offensive and
defensive alliance, with clauses pro-
viding for the extradition OF emigrants,
deserters, criminals and skilled work
men. This treaty was drawn up in
the fourteenth century B. c., and Is
the earliest record that we have Of any
international transaction.
The Vinita daily chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1902-1913, 1908-08-20
POOLE VS.. KUHN CASE
STILL BEFORE COURT

The district court is still trying .ne case
Of c. W. Poole VS.. w. J. Kuhn this after
noon and will not likely finish the case
before this evening. The cause for this
controversy was the erection of a brick
wall in partnership by the two litieatine
parties, and Poole is suing Kuhn for the
latters portion of the cost Of constructing
the wall Kuhn claims the account has
already been paid.
The grand jury was still in session at the
time Of going to press. but il is expected
that they would finish their work and
report some time this afternoon
The Vinita daily chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1902-1913, 1908-08-20

Women would not be liked, or ad-
mired, or loved, or considered in the
smallest degree by any sane man II
they were In the least like what the
comic papers or the smart novelists
say they are. II we had been we
should have been relegated ages ago,
and very rightly too, to sanatoria and
homes, where kindly captivity would
have been our lot. No, women are bet
ter than they are said to be; not least
az friends Reader
The Vinita daily chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1902-1913, 1908-08-20
A New curs.

A doctor whose practice lies mcrily
in the country districts was recently
called to attend plownans boy,
whom he found to be suffering from
whooping cough. Among his instruc-
tions he told the mother to ''put some
fee In bag and tie 1t around the boys
head" Next day he called again and
was met at the door by the guidwife,
who, in answer to his query, replied.
AYE. Jockie's d heap better the day,
but the mice are a deid Dundee
Weekly News
The Vinita daily chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1902-1913, 1908-08-20

No life is Just the same after you
have once touched it. Win you leave
ray of hope or one OF despair fash
Of light or a somber cloud across some
dark life each day? WIN you by
thoughtless cruelty deepen the shadow
which hangs over the life, or will you
by kindness dispel II altogether? No
matter how you feel or what is dis
turbing your peace of mind never al
low yourself to send out a discourag-
ing. a cruel or an unkind word or
thought Success Magazine.
The Vinita daily chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1902-1913, 1908-08-20
Would Replevin Beer.

Guthrie, Ok, Aug. 2O.-To test the CON
stitutionality of that section of the recent
Billups prohibition Law providing that
liquor or fixtures seized by officers are
not subject to repIevin, the ST Louis and
San Francisco railroad has instituted
proceedings to repIevin two car loads Of
beer recently confiscated at Tulsa. The
beer will remain in the hands Of the state
dispensary until the case is settled.
The Vinita daily chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1902-1913, 1908-08-20
oKLAHoMA'S OCT1vE TO PRE-
VENT SALE OF LANDS.
DEMAND MADE BY LESSEES.
Opposition Preparing to Prevent
Sale Of $50, 100000 Worth of
School Lands at November
Referendum Election.

Guthrie Okla, Aug. 20.---Many citizens
Of Oklahoma are offering their services to
the Oklahoma School Land Preservation
league, organized here several days ago.
They want to defeat the legislative bill
for the sale Of the school lands, to be sub
mitted by referendum to the voters Of
Oklahoma next November, and to delay
any movement for the Immediate disposi-
tion Of the states school and other public
lands, worth not less thau 80 million dol
lars, and which viii gradually increase in
value.
The leagues executive committee is
asking for funds for the publication and
distribution Of literature that will impress
on the citizens Of Oklahoma the danger Of
doing anything that would take from the
state its title to the lands. The league
saws that no mistake can be made in hold
ing the lands until citizens Of Oklahoma
may thoroughly inform themselves as to
the value Of the lands and the most sem
sible policy for their retention or MANAGE
ment.
Both political parties in Oklahoma are
pledged in their platforms to the immedi-
ate sale Of all the school lands In each
instance this pledge was made inresponse
to the demands Of the 10000 school land
Iessees, most Of whom are asking that the
lands be sold at once, and in q manner
acceptable to the lessees
The Vinita daily chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1902-1913, 1908-08-20
Mhat practinn WIn Do

by gosh!' said Uncle Timson Tab
balls, after he had returned from
weekend visit in the city, its simply
wonderful what practice'll do fer peo-
pie. Take this thing Of eatin' with .
fork, for instance seen lots OF pep
pie at the huttel where stopped at
who could take ap goBA 0f blackberry
pie without lettin' a drop OF juice ieax
through onto the tabIecloth."
The Vinita daily chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1902-1913, 1908-08-20
Be All You Can.

Let us do all the business we can.
II we can't be a lighthouse. let us be
candle. Some one has said, II can't be
anything more than farthing rush
light" Well, If you can't be more, be
that; that is well enough. Be all you
can. What makes the Dead sea dead?
Because it is all the time receiving
and never giving out anything
Dwight L. Moody.
The Vinita daily chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1902-1913, 1908-08-20
Remedies for Minor Accidents.

When children go barefooted acci-
dents are almost sure to occur. II a
rusty nail Is run into the foot use q
piece OF fat salt meat binding 1t to the
wound. This heals the wound in few
hours. II the foot is badly injured
with flesh torn, while severe, there is
nothing that effects cure more speed
lily than an application Of arnlca or
tmrpentine, the latteTs for small
scratches.
The Vinita daily chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1902-1913, 1908-08-20

To see man fearless In dangers,
untainted with lusts, happy II sd
versity, composed in a tumult and
laughing at all those things which are
generally either coveted or feared. al
men must acknowledge that this can
be nothing else but beam OF divinity
that infiGuces noi.5s hody.--Seneca.
The Vinita daily chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1902-1913, 1908-08-20

Riches inherited at birth are no
more an evidence against their pos
SCISSOR than the misfortune of being
born to poverty is a point in favor Of
him that eats his bread in the sweat
OF his face.-Frank B. Welch. in Sun
day Magazine
The Vinita daily chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1902-1913, 1908-08-20

Down in North Carolina. where q
fond mother recently drove her daugh-
ter's suitor away at the muzzle Of a
gun, the young men must begin to
think twice before they let their fancy
turn to thoughts Of love.-Toledo
Blade.
The Vinita daily chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1902-1913, 1908-08-20

The order Of Sisters Of Charity orr
ginated with Constance, daughter Of
Helena, the mother of Constantine.
who, devoted to works Of kindness.
was attended by band Of Roman
maidens whom she had animated with
her spirit. Such was the beginning Of
the Sisters OF Charity. IN. Y. Amert-
can.
The Vinita daily chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1902-1913, 1908-08-20

The navigator Of an sirship is called
an aviator II the thing turns turtle
and spills him out they gather up the
fragments. and can him Dennis.-Pas-
adena Star.
The Vinita daily chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1902-1913, 1908-08-20

Il tell you" said Mrs. Lapsling,
johnny made splendid impression
while he was speaking his piece at the
school exhibition last Friday after
noon. He was the syndicate Of all
eyes"
The Vinita daily chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1902-1913, 1908-08-20
The phlIosopher Of Folly.

Il tried to be a dramatist once"
says the philosopher of folly. but
my first play failed because the ushers
didn't like 1t. So became a philoso-
pher"
The Vinita daily chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1902-1913, 1908-08-20
Arreth Exsmole.

We need go back no further than
the story Of Joseph to show what
boomerang is this game OF putting the
other follow into a hole.-N. Y. Even
ing Post
The Vinita daily chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1902-1913, 1908-08-20

A water famine has stopped church
music in Cumberland, Md. Great Scott
Is church music watered, oog-Buffa-
10 Evening News.
The Vinita daily chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1902-1913, 1908-08-20
a. 10 elee cIuha.

Seeing that they are about the sad
dest things on earth" observes the
philosopher of folly, I've often won
dered why 'glee clubs were SO denom-
mated. Cleveland Leader.
The Vinita daily chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1902-1913, 1908-08-20

The American Globe-Trotter-Talk
about travelling. Why. in America
trains go so fast that it takes two peo-
pie to talk about 'em-one to say,
Here she comes and the other to
say, There she goes."-Sketch.
The Vinita daily chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1902-1913, 1908-08-20

Some people. said Uncle Eben, "Is
so crazy bout money dat they takes
mo pride in false teeth an wooden
leg dan dey does in what dey was born
VIII free OF charge. ~ Washington Star.
The Vinita daily chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1902-1913, 1908-08-20

A mountain is made up OF atoms.
and friendship Of little matters; and If
atoms hold not together the mountain
is crumbled into dust.-Tupper.
The Vinita daily chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1902-1913, 1908-08-20

Make salve Of powdered alum and
water ana bind Oh tne burn: the palm
will immediately cease National
Magazine.
The Vinita daily chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1902-1913, 1908-08-20
one ~ Nature,s Rulinos.

Whoever takes 1t for his law to do
as he likes will not for long like what
he does.-A Maclaren.
The Vinita daily chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1902-1913, 1908-08-20

Perhaps the physician who got In
toxicated on water drank 1t with whis-
ky chasers.--N. X. American.
The Vinita daily chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1902-1913, 1908-08-20
Aim Of EIoquence.

To interest the passions, to impas-
sion the interests, behold! this Is the
aim OF eloquence.- Joseph Roux.
The Vinita daily chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1902-1913, 1908-08-20

All argument will vanish before one
tonxh OF nature Coleman.
The Vinita daily chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1902-1913, 1908-08-20

All the worlds stage, and most Of
us are in the gallery. Chicago Jour
nal
The Vinita daily chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1902-1913, 1908-08-20

1t is remarkable how much easier
it is to tolerate rich bore than a
poor one.-Dallas News.
The Vinita daily chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1902-1913, 1908-08-20

Seven thousand British subjects are
born at sea every year.
The Vinita daily chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1902-1913, 1908-08-20

Some men are so contrary that they
like cold potatoes and sloppy ice
cream.
The Vinita daily chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1902-1913, 1908-08-20

On. what a goodly outside falsehood
haft Shakespeare.
The Vinita daily chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1902-1913, 1908-08-20

Mingle a little gaiety with your
grave pursuits.
The Vinita daily chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1902-1913, 1908-08-20

A fool always hnds a greater fool
to admire him.
The Vinita daily chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1902-1913, 1908-08-20

But He Isn't Likely to Last.
A very inferior man can become
prominent If everybody boosts him.
The Vinita daily chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1902-1913, 1908-08-20

Pressed potato meal is used as sub
stitute for wood in making pencils.
The Vinita daily chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1902-1913, 1908-08-20

ca Ef For a large lot Of suits form O. El1
WJIJU ery sold as high as $3.50, 1JIJU
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1908-03-19

THURSDAY EVENING. MAR. 10. 1908.
Tinnlna thaceek.


IN old times to dine with a nobleman
cost more In tips to the servants than
4 club dinner Lord Poor. we'll nam
ed Irish peer. excused himself from
dining with the Duke Of Ormond upon
the ground that he could not AFFORD It.
.If you VIII, give me the guinea have
10 pay your cook. / will come az often
as you choose 10 ask me"-whlch was
accordingly done. The duke. however
had not the pluck TO stop the tipping
practice. Lord Tasfe, a general cficer
in the Austrian service. did what he
could. lie always attended his guests
70 the door. When they put their
hands into their pockets lie said: NO.
III you do give II. give II to me. FOR
It was | who paid for your dinner.
To Sir Timothy Waldo must be given
the credit OF putting an end to the
monstrous practice. After dinner with
the Duke OF Newcastle he put crown
into the cooks hand. 1t WAS rejected.
al do not take silver. sir" Very good.
And do not give gold This cou-
rageous reJoinder Caught on" ana
the day Of walls to cooks was over
st. James Gazette.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1908-03-19
ro.,,.r instrument, Of Torture.

Instead Of gymnastics or games. In
struments OF torture were nse4 FOR
modelling the figure OF the young lady
OF 1881. An English writer OF that
year SAYS that could The modern
schoolroom he preserved 1t would pass
for a refined lnQulsItlon. There would
be found stocks for the fingers 1.-THE
cbeIroplast) and pulleys for the neck.
with weights attached" Fanny KEN
bic to whom nature had been by no
means unklndly. was found wanting In
department. and she writes that she
wore a back board made OF steel. COW
cred with red morocco. which consist
ed Of fiat piece placed on my back
and strapped down to my waist WITH
a belt and secured at the top by two
epaulets strapped over my shoulders.
From the middle OF this there rose a
steel rod or spine with steel collar.
which encircled my throat. fastened
behind" The machine proved fall
ure. and she was put under the tuition
Of drill sergeant, who did for her all
that was required. Social England"
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1908-03-19
r,k;na the Initiative.

There Is certain satisfaction Ia tax
Ing the enemy unawares on his own
ground. ia downing him with bis own
weapons. President Polk evidently
took comfort In his method for until
eating the hand shake. that curse OF
the chief executive office, and he must
have chuckled when he wrote IN his
diary the bit which Is given In James
schoulers Historical Briefs"
II man surrendered his arm to be
shaken by one horizontally. by another
perpendicularly and by another with
a strong grip. he could not fall to SUI
fer severely by 1t. But II he would
shake and not be shaken. grip and not
be gripped, taking care always 10
squeeze the hand Of his adversary as
hard as the adversary squeezed him.
he would suffer no Inconvenience by II.
I can generally anticipate strong grip
from a strong man. take advantage
OF him by being quicker than he and
selling him by the tips OF his fingers.
This Is stated playfully, but 1t Is all
trt1a
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1908-03-19
Tn. Reader Who skips.

A good work Of fiction. whether IN
prose or I'm Yerse-we are here speak
lng only Of good ,wOrks-ls u work OF
art aud can be,rigitly enjoyed only by
entering into sympathy with the art
lists mind and accepting his work ac-
cordIng to lis intention. In n perfect
poem the place Of every word, In per
feet novel the place. II not OF every
word. Of every episode and OF every
paragraph. Is important. and the raader
who sklps throws away the pleasure
he has meant 10 derive from tue har-
mony OF composition. In which very
possibly the beauty Of the whole may
chIehy consist aid despises the best
part Of the artists labor. lie might as
well go TO see a good play aud then
willfully miss every alternate scene
Exchange.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1908-03-19
A Remarkable Church.

A small watering place In Austria
named Eichwald can boast Of possess
Ing a most remarkable church. II was
first built by an Italian architect at
Venice at the expense OF Prince Carlos
Clary- Aldringen. great admirer OF
Italian architecture. When II WAS in-
ished. the church was taken to pieces
again and packed in thousands OF mum
bered cases for transportation to Eich-
wald At this place in Austria 1t was
eventually rebuilt and then made over
to the inhabitants as free gift from
the prince.