The Columbus journal. (Columbus, Neb.) 1874-1911, 1908-09-16

hSuto s&iouSS tHS iOtISiuC.
II is very important to separate the
cOckerels from the pullets now.
Let the garden area be only as large
as you can enrich thoroughly and
work WELL
1t is the deeply enriched soil which
is the best drought resistant. And it
is the well-drained soil which can be
enriched to the greatest depth.
There is an advantage in putting
angOra goats in the same pasture with
sheep. as they are said to protect the
sheep from dogs and eat brush mostly.
Raising crops is only half Of the
farm problem. There must be profit
able utilization of the crops. either as
food for livestock or as grain 70, the
market.
The demand of nut products seems
to be constantly on the increase. and
the imports are growing larger es ch
year. In this there is strong hint to
the farmer
Have you a COW testing association
in your section? Such an organization
will help you to find out what your
cows are doing for you at small ex-
pense comparatively.
See that the farm machinery Is
treated right when in use and again
do not neglect it when it is lying idle.
See that 1t is properly housed Clean
and oil it before putting it up.
You feed and water your horse with
thoughtful care SO as to keep him in
prime condition for hard work. Are
you as careful of your physical cOndi-
ton. and that of the hired help?
Don't let the garden go to weeds
after the first crops are taken OF.
Keep it covered with something worth
growing in the late summer. IL moth
ing more than pea vines. which will
have to be plOwed under later. They
will prove an excellent fertilizer.
A good temporary rOOsting coop for
the chickens can be made six feet
long and three feet wide, with
double pitched roof extending well
ho Tho SiAaC
may be Slated. Burlap may be
stretched around them to keep out
storms in bad weather and il rats are
troublesome the Stats may be covered
with fine mesh wire netting.
Too much cropping and too little
manure Is the curse of many a farm.
1t is a shOrt-sighted method which
finally leaves the farmer stranded
upon an impoverished soil that he can
not make living upon and which he
cannot sell. The only salvation for
such farmer is to start keeping live
stock and keeping as many as the land
will support. The regular application
of manure and a crop rotation will re-
deem in time the most rundown farm.
The farm is a factory where goods
are produced for the market Business
principles which govern the factory
in the city must control in the factory
in the country. There must be knOwl-
edge of what the market wants and
-
where there is the most demand and
the least supply: the art Of decreas-
ing the cost of production; of finding
out just what the cost of production
is and the study of market conditions
to decide what We can and cannot
profitably raise.
Here is the way one farmer in
creased the productivity of his orchard
from Is to over 200 bushels. He re-
duced the tops of the trees One-fOnrth,
then i'm the fall he plowed between
the trees. After manuring well he
blanted corn. beans and pumpkins,
and harvested a nice crop of each.
The next spring he repeated the same
form of cultivation, and that year in
addition to the good crops of corn.
beans and pumpkins harvested 20
bushels of good apples. The next
spring he MANFRED for the third time
and planted potatoes which did not do
well, but he harvested $50 bushels of
fine apples from the orchard.
Keep the two main objects of wean-
ing the lambs when taking them from
the ewes. namely: To avoid any in
Jury. 10 the ewes and to avoid any in
reference with the progress of the
lambs The lambs should be separated
from their mothers entirely and not
allowed with them after the first
separation 1t is preferable to take
the lambs to portion of the farm
some distance from the sheep, that
they cannot see them and that the
ewes cannot hear their bleat. In this
way the lambs will in a few days for
get their mothers entirely. Some men
practice gradual separation. They
will allow the lambs to run with the
sheep for IS hours of the day for
about three days, then for the next
three days about II hours. thus gradu-
ally separating them. But such
method gives a great deal of unneces-
sary labor in separating the flock
daily. while the advantages obtained
are Slight and may be obtained in 9th
er ways.
At the last meeting of the New Eng