Dakota farmers' leader. (Canton, S.D.) 1890-19??, 1908-04-03
~
TO MAKE MINES SAFER.

l NV
ments Concerning Explosives.
Scientific study of the causes of mine
| disasters has been undertaken by the
fuel division of the geological survey IN
the hope that the great loss of life in
the mines of this country may be abat-
| ed, says the New York Herald. Car
ence Hall, an explosive expert, has
returned from IA trip to England and
| Belgium, where mine owners, miners,
| the government and the manufacturers
| Of explosives cooperative in an effort
of explosives cooperate in an effort
to prevent explosions. Experiments
there show that many accidents are
due to coal dust rather than gas. Plans
have been made by the fuel division
to erect, probably near Pittsburg, a
UNIQUE experiment station where tests
will be made of various dynamiteS and
blasting powders for the purpose of ac-
~curately determining their safety in the
presence of deadly fredamp and coal
gas.
Explosives will be hurled from q
mortar into a large steel boiler plate
100 feet long and 6 feet in diam ter,
charged with fredamp and air or coal
dust and air. If ignition fails the ex-
pIosives will be known as permissible
explosives" The mine operators of the
country will be urged to use them. i
Another branch of the experimental
work will be conducted in a miniature
coal mine. Miners will be there taught
the noble art Of saving the lives Of
their fellow men. Hundreds Of lives
could be saved in gas explosions We're
it possible for the rescue parties to
enter Immediately following the acct
dent. The menacing bank of fredamp,
however, often holds the relief work
back for hours while the entombed min
ers slowly s%uffocate or heiplessly await
the approach Of %devouring flames.
The government experts have found
in Europe an apparatus which, when
worn by members of a rescue party,
permits them in safety 10 enter any
place where there is gas. 1t consists OF
a canvas jacket equipped with cylinders
of compressed oxygen, connected with
the operators mouth by a flexible rub
ber-lined metallic tube. The use of the
oxygen is regulated by a pressure
gauge. The %exhalation Of the operator
is passed through small Jumps of POI
tassium ~hydroxide, the carbon dioxide
being absorbed and the remaining prod
ucts, together with more oxygen, u
again available for the operator.
At present 10 apparatus of such .
1850 a. @I,xo1y ~ I,n ~ e T1nftnH
States. If the experiments are salts
factory here, mine owners will be urged
to keep these jackets in the mine and
also above ground. The device will be
given a thorough test in the minia-
ture mine, in which there will be drifts,
headings, rooms and ladders. After
it is filed with smoke miners will b.
Instructed to enter and search as they
would for their fellow workmen. I
officials of the geological survey have
been watching with considerable dis
may for some time the frequently 70
curing accidents in different parts Of
the country. In eight accidents In
West Virginia since 1900 315 lives have
been lost.
The worst explosion that has &C
CURED In Germany in the last few
years was due to coal dust. Nearly
200 lives We're lost in the Reden mines.
Perhaps the greatest accident in many
years occurred at the Courrieres mine
at Pas de Calais, French, on March
10, 1906, when 1900 lives were lost
This explosion was probably due to
coal dust, -