davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1908-07-27
Half Price
SIC BroWn AUslin &c

Good weight unbleached muslin of
excellent wearing quality-strong and
firm but soft of texture and easy to sew.
a full yard wide. Considered excellent
at SIC. 1000 yards Gle
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1908-07-27
CSC LinOIeUm

All White Rose Soap-To-
morrow's special price cake 15c
Pompeian Soap-Tomorrow's
special price, cake, 12c.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1908-07-27

Very stylishly cut, well tailored
suits of white, pink or blue cotton,
strap trimmed seams, coat collar and
cuffs. Only few surplus GO IN
suits reduced to. ............pO
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1908-07-27

II Tapestry Brussels Rugs, size 9x12
#. $3.50 and $3.50 regularly-reduced
to $i2.75.
8 Body Brussels Rugs, size 9x12 It.
regular s27.50 rugs for $21.75.
II Administer Rugs, size 9x12 It. reg
ular price $3.50, now $21.75.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1908-11-03
NOTES OF THE ORCHARD

You may be sure that If you pack
three grades of fruit in one box or bar
rel You will get only the price for the
lowest grade.
Have a, fancy brand for the best
grade OF your fruit. Stencil it on every
box and YOU will get a better price.
If you fail TO make good the name,
however by putting inferior fruit into
your packages. it won't take long to
ruin your business.
We know New Jersey man who
ruined young peach orchard by
spraying it with crude PETROLEUM on a
hot day.
A flock of hens in the orchard will
take care of several hundred thousand
bugs in the course of season.
Old apple trees that are not doing
any good. but which have sound trunks
may be brought to usefulness by graft
ing.
There is a great deal of good orchard
land in some parts of the south which
is now wasting its efforts to produce
from to 10 bushels OF corn per acre.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1908-11-03
FRUIT IN WASTE PLACES
Southern Man Plants Trees in
Fence Corners and Gets Rich
Reward for His Labor.
I, H. TAYLOR.


Not long after | took UP the bust
ness Of agriculture became convinced
that the fences and hedge rows along
the road We're a decided nuisance and
that the ground these things occupied
would, if properly handled, be made to
pay the taxes of the farm.
With this end in view | began to take
up old fences, pick up and draw away
stones. clean up the roots and rub
Dish and plow up the ground
We continued the work until all the
fences along the roadside were re-
moved, the brush and stones drawn
away. the ground broken up, thorough
ly cultivated and subdued.
When ready for the trees l bought
FIRST class stock Of Morancey and Early
Richmond cherries, Baldwin, Northern
Spies and Hubbardston apples and
Hills Chilli peaches.
The cherry trees were set one rod
apart on a plot by themselves. The
apple trees We're set thirty feet apart
with a peach tree between every two
apple trees.
To add to the ornamental feature OF
the work l bought after the trees had
been set one year currant bushes at
so cents per hundred and set three be-
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1908-11-03
RAIL FENCE PHILOSOPHY.

A good front counts In business and
q well-dressed, clean and prosperous
appearing farmer can get a better bar
gain than the man who looks like a
tramp and shows he has 10 acquaint-
ance with the bathtub.
A false appearance may serve once,
but the honest truth is always at your
back and never fails in time of trouble
It is not always the man who gets
into the field first in the morning who
raises the best crops
A steady pull of ten hours counts
more than squirt before breakfast and
an afternoons rest at the old fishin'
hole.
The mule would hardly win in a
beauty shows and lacks speed, but he
can heat a trotting thoroughbred horse
out of sight when it comes to blowing
corn and cotton.
A '-pook farmer makes many mis-
takes at first, but when he has learned
them he is always able to lay it over
his neighbor who never reads books or
farm papers:
A sclean box lined with white paper
sorted apples packed neatly in rows
will bring 25 per cent more money thar
o dirty old salt barrel full of unsorteC
fruit shoveled in promiscuously.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1908-11-03
AROUND THE FARM DAIRY

A hAoking COW is always dangerous.
A COW will seldom attack a man, but
thew have been known to kill women.
Every calf intended for the dairy
should have its horns eliminated by
the use of caustic when week old.
Cow barns should be wlitewashed
inside at least three times d, year and
this job should include every foot of
the stalls and managers.
good surgeon will spend at least
thirty minutes in washing his hands
lust previous to an operation to pre-
vent infection. A mixer should spend
ut least five minutes in a similar OPP
GRAFTON.
A milking room should never be To-
Gated under the hay loft, because more
ar less dust is always sitting down and
will fall into the milk.
II running water cannot be supplied
TO the cows stalls when they are con-
fined in the winter the next best thing
is a trough which should be kept filled
with clean water.
Not one COW in fifty that is confined
in the dairy barn gets as much water
as she needs.
A strange dog running through a
herd in field will lessen the milk flow
for the next milking from Q to 10 per
cent.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1908-11-03
VALUE OF GRAPE PRUNING

The value Of pruning grapes was
studied at the Tennessee station and
it is interesting to note that the I'M
pruned grape canes give d heavier total
weld the first season they are thus
neglected than the pruned ones but
the average weight per bunch is much
less and as result of overbearing
much of the new growth will die, thus
greatly reducing the next crop.
The base bud in Concord, Niagara
Delaware and Brighton grapes gives
the lightest weight of fruit In Mag
ara and Delaware the average yield
from the second bud was over twice
as much as from the first bud, while in
Concord and Brighton it was more
than half again as much.
In all. four varieties the yield from
the third bud was greater than from
the second.
Considering the first twelve buds the
greatest yield is reached in Concords
at the sixth bud, in Niagaras at the
eighth bud, in Delawares at the eighth
bud and in Rrightons at the tenth
bud.
Concord Is better adapted to short
spur systems of pruning and trainins
than the other varieties named Ii
long cane systems horizontal training
is preferable to upright or diagona
training. as the lower buds of the cane
are better nourished in the Horizontal
syst ems.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1908-11-03
SUFFICIENT FEED FOR WINTER

We are making a mistake when we
neglect to provide an abundance of
succuent food for our live stock during
the winter. There is great need of
succulent food in all rations and there
is something about this succulence that
the chemist cannot find that is of value
to the animals. Ensilage, turnips and
mangels will make excellent succu-
lence.
One point we should study in the
feeding of live stock is that Of max
ing the rations palatable. The matter
of palatibility or the individual appe-
tites of our animals is a matter that
is seldom recognized, although 1t is of
great Importance.
In most cases animals will thrive
better when they are fed ration that
they relish even though 1t is not theo-
retically balanced to fraction of per
cent, than they will on a ration that is
not agreeable to their appetites even il
properly balanced.
OF course we cannot disregard the
! relative proportions OF heterogeneous
and carbonaceous material in the ra-
tons, but first we must be sure that
the ration is large enough and then
! look TO its palatability instead of split
ting hairs over q slight variation In
n,ltriti-.- rstions.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1908-11-03
BIG THINGS IN COLORADO

Fl. w. Bacon of Longmont, on
fifteen acre tract got over IA bushels
Of wheat per acre.
In Weld county a farmer on forty
seven acres reaped 143 bushels of bar
ley to the acre and received $4,000 for
his e.T21 bushels.
James Graham, near Greeley. aver
aged $685. bushels of sixty pound wheat
on twenty one acres and 54 bushels on
fifty-six acres
The Mont sopris farm in Garfield
county earned s2S,500 on 400 acres OF
sugar beets, potatoes, wheat and hay,
At Berthoud, w. t. Bransom received
s21,5 for sugar beets and sliced Sc,
500 worth of beets and sold his wheat
Gro for $4,000.
In Meas county ". Fl. Cox OH sew
en-acre tract arevaged aS.S bushels OF
oats to the acre,
In Rio Grande county George Cole
averaged 574 bushels of potatoes per
acre.
Near Greeley H. NJ. Blicking cleared
$4,000 on ninty acres of potatoes.
At Greeley S. H. Swan on a, seven
acre field grew $4,000 pounds of cab
baee that cleared $40 per acre.
At the same place Albert Lawrence
on twenty five acres grew 4,366 sacks
of onions that cleared S645 to the acre
In Weld county w. Fl. Gil and e. J
Decker on 500 titled acres grew crops
that sold for $4,000, including alfalfa
potatoes, wheat, oats and barley.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1908-11-03
NOTES BY A WORKING FARMER

I often wonder how some men who
cannot find time to read a farm paper
can yawp and jaw for hours over re-
ligon or some other question they know
nothing about.
Going to send one of the boys to the
state agricultural college? There ought
to be at least one good farmer in the
family!
One Of my neighbors makes a. feature
of breaking his cows to halter and
really makes pets of them. He sells to
city people and gets about one-third
better prices for his Jerseys than other
folks. City people generally go a lot
OH good looks because they don't know
merit in COW when they see it,
Never pay cash for anything over a
dollar without taking a receipt, 1t cost
me pretty big sum to learn this and
then I learned to keep bank account
and pay by check. Your mans name
has to 20 on the back before he can get
the money and that is the best form OF
receipt
Next year l am going to try the sug-
gestion made by an Ohio Irisl1naan who
has the finest potatoes you ever saw
After his potatoes are out of bloom he
mows off the tops but not close. He
| SAYS it increases the yield and makes
the tubers ripen better I don't see how
this can increase the yield. but 1t may
help the quality. Better try a row.
| John Dunbar.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1908-11-03
TO KEEP The ROBBERS AWAY
Grows Can Be Banished From
the Farm by Catching One
on a Line.
r. A, GALLIHER.


The ordinary scarecroW, consisting
of a. pair of old trousers, coat and hat,
which adorns so many cornfields after
planting time, does not in most cases
serve the desired purpose, but is re-
garded by Mr. Crow as notice which
plainly says, Here's the place to get
your free lunch and he gets it, too.
But there is such thing as making
a scarecrow that will scare, and here
is the way to do. it:
Take box about fifteen inches long
by ten inches square. Place this box
near the cornf1eld fence, having one
end of the box open and a hens nest
in the other end, in which put two or
three fresh eggs.
In the open end of the box set d
small steel trap, covering it with fine
dry grass or leaves. Then place an egg
about two feet from the box in such q
position that when Mr.. Grow is in the
act of getting this egg he can easily
see the ones in the nest.
The second trip he makes for eggs
is generally the last one. Now you can
catch one crow in this manner, but
one is sufficient, as he will at once
get busy giving out danger signals that
will be needed by all other crows fol
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1908-11-03
SWEET CORN SEED

It is claimed by seedsmen that the
ears Of sweet corn, the kernels of which
are a deep amber color and more or
less transparent. are much sweeter than
those in which the kernels are Opaque
and white. The kernels having d fine
wrinkle are supposed to be sweeter
than those with a coarse wrinkle. The
Maryland station made test of these
methods of selection and it was found
that practically the same sugar con-
tent was contained In kernels of diff
ferent colors. but there appeared a re-
lation between the wrinkle of the ker-
mel and the sugar content. The lowest
percentage of sugar in fine wrinkled
kernels was above the average per-
centage in the coarse wrinkled and the
highest percentage of sugar In the in
dividual ears having coarse wrinkle
was much less than the average in the
fine wrinkled ones.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1908-11-03
tween each peach and apple tree.

tween each peach and apple tree.
when had two rows set out found
that | had quite an orchard, compris-
ing 500 currant bushes. fifty cherry
trees, $50 apple trees and $50 peach
trees, enough to fill a good sized field.
This orchard was planted OH what had
formerly been waste land.
1t grew rapidly and soon became an
exceedingly ornamental feature Of my
farm. exciting favorable comment on
the part of the passers-by
The rows of white apple blossoms
alternating with the pink Of the peach
blossoms and underlined with the
green foliage Of the currant bushes,
presented most attractive appear
ar1ce and often did | regard this pros
pect with pride and satisfaction:
In trimming and shaping the trees
two principles predoninated-frst. uni
forTity. and, second, a well. developed
trunk, with fruit-bearing surface wA
balanced and we'll distributed
Now as to the returns from my ex,
pertinent. Soon I began to get fruit
for table use, the amount increa sins
each year until in four years time
sold over $50 worth Of cherries, cur:
rants and peaches
The end sought had been accom-
plished; this amount more than pait
the taxes on the farm For the mex
two and three years ne cleared from
800 to $50 each year. besides havinI
an abundance Of fine fruit for our ow,
use ana for our neighbors and friend.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1908-11-03
LITTLE NUBBlNs OF NEWS

The demand for farm implements is
again springing up and manufacturers
expect return to normal conditions
next year.
Kalamazoo Mich, the great celery
that vegetable that has ever been
raised there.
Last year the dairy products of the
country alone were worth nearly
$500, 900, much more than any 9TH
er crop except corn.
1t is estimated that through lax and
improper methods in the handling of
milk and cream a loss of over S5,o00,-
600 results annually.
There are about 100000 farms in
the United States representing an in
vestment of $25,000,O00. Every third
farm is occupied by a renter.
Wheat again passed the dollar mark
in Chicago early in May, and in spite
of the prospect of a good new crop the
market is still firm and high.
The government is experimenting
with breeding to produce milking
strain of Shorthorn cattle, and nine
Minnesota breeders are cooperating
In the Ozark mountain region, where
bitter rot and other diseases had be-
come so bad that farmers were be-
coming fearful lest they lose their or
chards, the government showed them
how to apply methods which have
resulted in the saving Of about SO per
cent of the crop wherever intelligently
applied. Still there are people who
say that book farming doesn't pay.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1908-11-03
MAKING APPLE BUTTER

In former days apple butter was
made at home in large brass or copper
kettles
At the cider and apple butter fac
tory it is made in large copper-bot-
toned pans holding from fifty to l2o
gallons.
The raw cider is first put in and
allowed to come to a good boil during
which time the arising impurities are
SKINNED off.
When no more sklnlmings arise the
tflickening is put in, which consists
of choice ripe peeled and cored apples
cut telerably fine, into quarters or
eighths.
After the thitkening has been add
ed the mixture is constantly stirred
to help break up the prepared apples
and to keep it from sticking to the
bottom OF the pan and scorching.
This cooking, or boiling, process ex-
pels the water and reduces the mass
to the consistency of soft butter.
The longer the cooking and the
more water expelled the better will the
product keep and the stronger it will
be.
The less cooking the thinner and
,nilder it will be and the more care
must be taken in sealing it in jars for
good keeping.
When cooked sufficiently apple but
ter will keep for years with only a
paper cover over the Jars holding it.
| The thinner and nilder product will
keep only few months and will soul
with the advent Of hot weather unless
it is Theoretically sealed in tight jars
| About five gallons of the raw cider
/ is cooked into one of the butter.
With apple cider other fruit buttel
can be made. With peaches for thick.
ening it is peach butter, with pluna'
for thickening it is plum butter.
| To any of these is sometimes added
little f!avorins according to TASTE
lemon or vanilla essence or perhap
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1908-11-03
GETTING MOST OUT OF BACON

Professor Snyder of the Minnesota
station, in series of experiments with
various foods with worki9gmen as sub
iects, has proved that pound of bacon
viii contain from OIL to 0.3 pound di-
gestible protein and from GA to 06
pound digestible fat, which is about
two thirds as much as is found in but
ter.
Lean bacon contains as much pro-
tein and about twice as much digest
ible fat as other meats, making it at
the same time. and even at higher
price per pound, a cheaper food than
other meats. Bacon fat is easily d-
gested and when combined with other
foods it appears to exert a favora BILE
mechanical action upon the digestion.
Many who are fond of bacon hesi-
tate to eat it since they believe that
being very rich in fat is is frequent
cause Of indigestion. In the majority
of cases such digestive disturbances
arc, not due to the fatty nature of the
food, but to the fact that the bacon
was overlooked, or. rather cooked at
too high temperature
1t is not surprising that this should
be the case when it is remembered that
fat heated TO high temperature is de-
composed and one Of the products
given off is acrolein, an unpleasant
smelling compound which attacks the
eyes, makes them smart and irritates
all mucous surfaces. This compound is
plainly noticeable III the acrid fumes
of burning or scorching fat
When bacon fat is heated to $50 de-
grees Fahrenheit this chemical change
is brought about to a greater or less
extent. Very often bacon is hurriedly
cooked in a very hot frying pan over
d bright fire and more or less scorched
fat Is an Inevitable result. When
broiled or cooked in the oven there is
| les danger of scorching. Avoid too hot
! a fire.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1908-11-03
NOT A CURE.ALL

great many have had an idea that
pasteurisation was going to solve all of
the difficulties regarding our milk sup
ply, but after close study of the mat
ter we believe that it is often used as
a. cure-all for milk and cream that is
not fit for human consumption. II has
been proven that the pasteurization
given in the usual commercial way kills
only the Tactic acid germs which nature
placed in the milk as a protection
while the pathological germs which are
the real menace to health are left In
an alkaline instead of an acid medium,
all ready to multiply when other con
ditions are favorable.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1908-11-03
HELPS IN WOMAN'S WORK
MRS. r Z. ANpnrws.

When going upstairs look for things
to put away and when coming down for
articles that must be carried down.
Place the dishpan back from tbs
front of the table when washing dishes
SO the water may drop upon the table
and not on the person.
Hold the dishes over the table when
wiping so the drippings will not fall
upon the floor.
Carefully draw the bottom Of the cup
over the edge of the kettle or reservoir
when carrying water from the stove
to the dishpan to save wetting the
floor to mop up with ones dress.
Have all Witchen utensils within
easy reach and always return to the
same place after using.
Acquire without fail the apron habit;
that ones dress, no matter Of what
material, may be kept fresh and clean.
Little things, perhaps. but all indi-
cate character and are of untold value
to the busy, hard-worked housekeeper.
And it is small duties that go into
the days work and make UP the home
life
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1908-11-03
SOME MISTAKES IN FEEDING

1t would be just as reasonable for a
man to use a wooden plow in place OF
modern gang pIow. One is crude and
out of place. while the other is adapted
to the special use for which is was
made.
The feeder should know and thor
oughly understand just what is meant
by the term quality. 1t means a better
price for all he grows, better markets
that are under his control and addi-
tional value to his farm There is
nothing of more Importance than quail
ity.
The best stock is usually found on
the best farms. Why? Because gooo
stock makes the farms better ano
their owners have more money or
hand
For producing baby beef Shortlorr
and Angus crosses are profitable feed
ers. Angus sires and Shorthern dams
are better than the reverse cross fol
the reason that the Shorthorns are
better mixers than the Angus. :.
When the calves are secured grea
care should be exercised to get then
started on the grain food.
Among thu. most common mistakes i
that of attemr.ing to make beef will
dairy-bred ct ,e,s. !iAfEEFNl
What they need for their best growth
and development is plenty of nice ten
der grass or hay to expand their stom
achs and little grain food to maintain
| It's condition.
The grain food may be increases
rapidly or slowly according to the tim
npa desires n finish the calves 10
market, but the quick finish checks tn
growth in MANY instances and make
the animal less profitable.
The man who feeds baby beef mus
be able to conduct his business i
spite Of what others think or say h
should do.
1t requires judgment and the ma
must depend upon his own ability TO
few are competent to conduct their oW
business.--W. M, Kelly.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1908-11-03
NOTES OF THE FARM DAIRY

Many of the dairy farmers have kept
themselves poor by ne to conduct
business on the same, scale as some
rich city farmer who is not at all de-
pendent upon his income from his farm
to pay the expenses of the labor and
equipment necessary to conduct his
farming operations on an elaborate
scale.
All dairy products are intended for
human food and it is only Justice to
our fellow beings that we do our part
to insure clean and wholesome article
Of diet
There is such thing as being more
nice than wise and the successful
dairyman will be one who can draw the
line in the right place and accomplish
the most satisfactory results with a
minimum expense.
In feeding ensilage it is essential tina,
the sllos be far enough from the stable
to eliminate all danger of the milk alb
sorbing the odor Of the ensilage when il
Is thrown out of the silo.