The ranch. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1902-1914, 1908-05-15
Edited by +. Walden

were compelled to wipe each apple be-
fore packing it, but this was easily
done by providing each wiper with
cheap pair of cotton gloves. In fact,
the apples were coated SO heavily, that
often in spots, they did not color un-
der this coating until about the first of
October At picking time there was no
injury, however, by reason of the
spray Out of 1900 boxes of Jonathan
apples we found only eight affected
with the moth or scab. The lime and
sulphur solution in my judgment
should be chemically combined, neither
an excess of lime nor of sulphur. The
Rex spray in my judgment fulfills
these requirements. About two weeks
prior to the time my young peach trees
budded, | used the lime and sulphur
solution diluted to 10 to 1 and found
that it completely eradicated the leaf
curl.
Of course this experience of mine is
merely tentative and may not answer
in other sections, where different eli
matte conditions prevail, but my con-
clusion is that the lime and sulphur
solution when chemically combined, is
superior to the Bordeaux mixture for
apple scab and peach leaf curl, and
when used in connection with the ar
senate of lead will completely control
the codling moth ApropOs, OF this
subject, allow me to suggest the ut
most Importance of definitely, each
year, fixing the exact period as near
as may be of the first egg brood of the
moth; and also the same data as to
the second brood. These eggs remain
exposed on the apple tree before hatch
ing for about ten days.
Let us have some competent person
at Walla Walla Yakima, Spokane,
Pullman and Moscow surround an APP
pie tree with fine screen wire, and
place on the tree the cocOons before
Matching, and let them have the nat
ural orchard environments. In a few
years we will then have a complete
history of these important periods,
which will greatly aid us in our COM
mon fight. l am inclined to the view
that it is so long after the calyx cup
closes until the moth puts in an ap-
pearance, that a large amount of the
poison which we presume is left in the
cup, is wasted by the rains and taken
up by the fruit, and hence believe,
the poison at the time the first eggs
are deposited it will accomplish
as much or more in the end than by
earlier spraying. However, l do not
think at this stage of progress that we
are justified in emitting to fill the
calyx cup as heretofore.
| wish I could attend your meeting
at Walla Walla and listen to the in
teresting suggestions from practical
fruit growers, but my professional en-
gagements will prevent me from meet
ing you at that time. Wherever these
perpleXing fruit problems have been
successfully met in a certain orchard,
that orchard as a rule, becomes of
great interest to fruit growers. 1t is
a condition that confronts us, and the
question is not how to work up to a
given theory, but rather, to solve the
everyday problems that present them
selves. Yours very truly,
j. H. FORNEY.
| have found that the Bordeaux
mixture if used too strong will russell
the apples. Full strength Bordeaux
contains six pounds of bluestone (cop-
per sulphate), four pounds of lime and
fifty gallons of water. That is too
strong. Even four pounds of bluestone
will russell the fruit to some extent and
| would not recommend over three
pounds to fifty gallons of water, ana
would prefer two pounds. 1t may be
thought that so weak a solution will
not kill the spores of fungi. But | am
confident that this is asmistallen view
but this need not be discussed now.
am confident that the lime sulphur
Calcium sulphide) is a fungicide as
well as an insecticide, but | have my
doubts if any thing is quite equal to
sulphate of copper if properly COM
bined with lime as a fungicide But