davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington herald., 1908-06-28
By RUDOLPH DE zAPP.

June is the month par excellence in
which two OF the most important devices
or symbols representing the United States
OF America, first saw the light OF day
and received official adoption. These two
devices are the Stars and Stripes and the
Great Seal Of the United States. The flag
had its day on the 14th, and brief re-
view OF the origin Of the Great Seal
which celebrates its 146th anniversary
this month will prove as instructive as
it Is interesting
II may not be generally known that
We are indebted 20 an English baronet
for the simple and appropriate device
which constitutes the Great Seal Of the
United States Not only was the motif
OF the flag OF this country suggested by
the coat-of-arms Of the English Wash
ingtons. the ancestors of the Father OF
His Country. but even the device which
graces official documents emanating from
the State Department and giving them
official sanction. was suggested by a sup
porter and adherent Of King George III.
the enemy OF the United American colo
nies.
Prepare "A Great Seal.
soon after the declaration Of independ-
ence. Benjamin Franklin. John Adams,
and Thomas jefferson were appointed a
committee TO prepare a great seal foi
the infant republic. They employed 3
French West Indian named Du Simitiere
not only to furnish designs. but also 70
sketch such devices as were suggested by
themselves. In one of his designs the
artist displayed on a shield the armOrial
ensigns Of the several nations from
whence America had been peopled-em-
bracing those Of England. Scotland. Ire
land. France. Germany and Holland. ON
one side was placed Liberty with her cap,
and on the other was rifieman in uni
form. with his rife in one hand and a
tOmahawk I'm the other-the dress and
weapons peculiar to America.
Franklin proposed. for the device
Moses lifting his wand. and dividing the
Red sea and Pharaoh and his hosts
overwhelmed with the waters For a
The Washington herald., 1908-06-28

honor but also. II may be permitted the
expression. sense OF corporate honor:
that IS 20 say, he learns that il is neces-
sary for him to live up 20 certain ethics,
not only for his own sake. but also for
the sake Of that particular body Of young
men OF which he forms part, that any
disgrace overtaldng one OF the body ar
fects the character OF the whole, just I'm
the same way that a taint on the fair
name Of the latter touches the individual
honor Of every one of its units.
Corporations Have No Souls.
We often hear in the business world
that corporations have no souls; and GER
cain il is that they do not consider them
selves bound by the same code of honor
that governs the conduct of the individ-
uaL There are numbers Of men OF the
highest possible integrity. and who are
most careful about the honesty Of their
individual transactions but who. never
theless. will be consenting parties, as
officers and as stockholders Of a corpora
tion. 70 acts on the part Of the latter. as
an institution. which are not only ques-
tionable but verge sometimes dangerously
near the border line Of crime.
IN one WORD, corporations, as Sucn. Oc-
casionally render themselves guilty OF
sharp practice. 10 call It by no worse a
name. which no individual director or
stockholder OF the concern would dream
OF perpetratng on his own personal ac-
count This Is. perhaps. even more the
case here in America than In England
Now, one Of the lessons tacitly incul-
Gated az the universities and At the Eng
lish public schools not by the faculty.
but by the lads themselves. is that a cor
porate wrong is every whit as dishonor-
able as an individual wrong. and that a
man who becomes a COnsenting party 70
an offense by the association 70 which he
belongs is quite as reprehensible as II he
had perpetrated the act individually.
alone and on his own account The in
culcation OF this principle alone Is suffi-
cient TO establish the usefulness OF the
time spent at college. no matter how
much the education may have been neg
/ lected there In the matter OF the acquisi-
ton Of the arts and sciences.
Democracy I'm Evidence.
These seats Of learning which I have IN
mind, and to which have made mention
above embody to a greater degree than
any other organization that can think
Of the principles Of republicansm. There
is no democracy so thorough going In
every respect as that which prevails
among the lads at these scholastic insti-
tutions. Great wealth goes for as little
The Washington herald., 1908-06-28

motto. the words Of Cromwell. Rebel
lion TO tyrants is obedience to God"
Adams proposed the Choice OF Hercules;
the hero resting on a club. Virtue point
ing 20 her rugged mountain on one hand,
and persuading him 10 ascend; and Sloth,
glancing at her flowery paths OF pleasure,
wantonly reclining on the ground dis
playing the charms. both OF her elo-
Quence and person. to detain him.
Proposed by jefferson.
jefferson proposed the children Of
Israel in the Wilderness. led by a cloud
by day and pillar OF fire by night; and.
on the reverse. Hengist and Horsa. the
Saxon chiefs. from whom we claim the
honor Of being descended. and whose po-
litical principles and form of govern
ment we have assumed.
Franklin and Adams then requested
Jefferson TO combine their ideas in
compact description Of the proposed great
seal. which he did and that paper, in
his handwriting is now i'm the Office of the
Secretary Of state at Washington. This
design consisted OF a shield with six
duarterings, parti one. coup two, IN
heraldic phrase. The first gold. and an
enameled rose. red and white, for Eng
ldnQs the SeCouQ NIlttt WIN a. AAiollNs AZ
its proper colors, for Scotland; the third
green. with harp Of gold. for Ireland;
the fourth blue with a golden lily-ilower
for France; the fifth gold with the i'm
perial black eagle. for Germany, and the
sixth gold. with the Belgic crowned red
lion. for Holland. These denoted the
countries from which America had been
I peopled.
He proposed 10 place the shield within
a red border on which there should be
/ thirteen white escutcheons. linked to
/ gether by a gold chain, each bearing ap-
propriate initials. in black. Of the con-
| federated States. Supporters, the Cod
dess OF Liberty on the right side, in a
corselet of armor. in allusion TO the then
state OF war. and holding the spear and
cap in her right hand while her left sup
/ ported the shields.
Motto, "E PIurIbus Unum."
/ On the left. the Goddess Of Justice,
/ leaning on a sword in her right hand, and
/ In her left a balance, The crest, the eye
| Of Providence in a radiant triangle. whose
glory should extend over the shield. and
The Washington herald., 1908-06-28

the arms. On the crest, in a scroll. was
the motto. Virtus sola Invicta-"Virtue
alone Invincible."
After vainly striving TO perfect q seal
which should meet the approval of Co
gress. Thomson finally received from
John Adams, then in London, an ex-
ceedngly simple and appropriate device,
suggested by Sir John Prestwlch. a bar
onet OF the West of England, who was a
warm friend Of America and an accom-
plished antiquarian. II consisted Of an
escutcheon bearing thirteen perpendic-
ular stripes white and red. with the chief
blue. and spangled with thirteen stars;
and 10 give X greater consequence he
proposed 10 place IL on the breast Of an
American eagle displayed. without sup
porters, as emblematic OF self-relianee.
II met with general appreciation. In and
out OF Congress, and was adopted in June,
1882. so II is manifest. although the fact
is not extensively known. that we are in
debted for our national arms TO a titled
aristocrat OF the country with which we
were then at war
Description of Seal.
Eschewins all heraldic technicalitles.
It may be thus described in plain Eng
/ lish: Thirteen perpendicular pieces, white
and red; blue field: the escutcheon on
the breast OF the American eagle display
ed proper. holding in his right talon an
olive branch, and in his left bundle of
thirteen arrows, all proper. and in his
beak a scroll, inscribed with the motto
+ Pluribus Unum For the crest, over
the head OF the eagle. which appears
above the escutoheon, a golden glory
breaking through a cloud. proper. and
surrounding thirteen stars forming a
constellation Of white stars on a blue
! field.
The design for the reverse. which has
never been executed, is a pyramid. unfin-
ished. In the zenith. an eye in a triangle.
surrounded with a glory, proper. over
/ the eve. the words. Annuit COeptis-''GOd
has favored the undertaking" On the
base Of the pyramid are the numeral
Roman letters MDCCLXXVI and under
meath the motto. Novus Ordo Seclorum-
"A New Series OF Ages"-denoting that
a new order OF things had commenced in
the western hemisphere
Ii is said that this motto was probably
adopted from two passages in Virgil:
The Washington herald., 1908-06-28

beyond the figures. Motto: f Pluribus
Unum-"Many in one" Around the
whole. Seal OF the United States Of
America, MDCCLXXVI"
For the reverse he proposed the device
OF Pharaoh sitting In an open chariot
a crown on his head, and a sword In his
hand. passing through the divided waters
OF the Red Sea In pursuit OF the Israel
ties. Rays from pillar Of fire fin a
cloud expressive OF the Divine presence
and command. beaming on Moses. who
stands on the shore, and. extending his
hand over the sea. causes il TO over
whelm Pharaoh and his followers.
Motto: Rebellion TO tyrants is obedi-
ence to God
Jefersons device was highly approved
by his coadjutors, and the committee re
ported on the 10th OF August. l776: but.
for some unaccOuntable reason their re-
port was neglected, not having been even
placed on record; and the affair was al
lowed TO siumbcr until the Path Of March.
1T7o. when Messrs Lowell OF Massachu-
setts. Scott, Of Virginia, and Houston,
Of Georgia were appointed a committee
TO make another device.
"FOr war or Peace"
On the 10th Of May following they re-
ported in favor Of a seal four inches in
diameter one side Of which should be
composed Of a shield with thirteen dag
onal stripes. alternate red and white.
Supporters. a warrior. holding a sword,
on one side. and on the other the figure
or Peace. bearing an olive branch. The
crest. radiant constellation OF thirteen
stars Motto, Bello vel Pace-"For War
or Peace" the legend. Seal Of the
United States" On the reverse, the fig
ure OF Liberty, seated in chair
holding the staff and cap. Motto
Semper Forever" and underneath
MDCCLXXVI.
This report was recommitted and again
submitted with some slight modification
substituting the figure OF an Indian with
bow and arrows in his right hand foI
that OF WARRIOR. just year afterward
but il was not accepted. and the matter
rested until April 1872. when Henry Mid
dleton. Elias Boudinot and Edward Rut'
ledge were appointed a third committee
TO prepare a seal They reported on the
9Th Of May following subst lntially th5
same as the committee Of 1779 and l7So
The Washington herald., 1908-06-28

"Audacibus Annue coeptis' (FavOr my
daring undertaking), and "Magnus alb in
tegrO seclorum nascitur ordo" (the great
series OF ages begins anew. The former
is found in the Aeneid. book 9. verse G25
(also In the Georges. 1:40). and the lat
ter I'm tho fourth eclogue. fifth verse.
Although the form "seclorum" was
adopted the more approved form is
"saeculorum" tho word being spelled
with the "aD" and "u' between the &C.
and a." in all or nearly all the best
modern editions OF Latin authors
Tho pyramid signifies strength and
Duration the eye over H. as we'll as the
motto, allude to the many signal inter
positions OF Providence in favor Of the
American cause. The date underneath
is tha. OF the Declaration of Independ-
ence and the words under II signify the
beginning OF the new American era,
which commences from that date.
Seen by but Few.
This Great Seal has been seen by COM
paratively few persons. II Is ordinarily
kept. with its die and press. in a strong
wooden box in the State Department
The keys OF this box are held by an EN-
plOye OF the State Department. who is
known as the Keeper OF the Great Seal
| a position which was held by George
Barth. who died two years ago. for forty
six years. the seal having been intrust-
ed 20 him by Daniel Webster when the
latter was Secretary OF State.
The Great Seal is placed upon commits
sions of the Cabinet and Of diplomatic
and consular officers. ceremonious COM
munications from the President TO for
/ eign governments. pardons. and COM
/ mutations Of sentence by the Chief Ex-
ecutive. eXequaturs. extradition war
rants upon other countries. and commits
sions Of civil officers appointed by the
| President, whose commissions are not
signed under a different seal.
! The present is the third seal that has
/ been used since the foundation Of the
government. II was made by Tiffany
/ the famous New York jeweler. the de-
! sign being substantially the same as tha,
employed in the previous seal.
| In many countries at the present day
the authenticity Of treaty with another
/ power Is attested by large pendant wa1
seal, the cords which run through the
paper OF the treaty being carried through
the wax. AS the wax would otherwise
The Washington herald., 1908-06-28
FAILURES WHO LATER MADE GOOD

The number Of men who have gone
down and. apparently. out in the business
world. but who are to-day designated
as successful captains Of industry. is
large enough TO be an inspiration. There
IS popular notion that a man who fails
must be a second-class business man.
Nothing is further from the truth The
fact is that failure in modern business
is a mere incident. says the Philadelphia
Record.
There was Ream. He was an able
merchant in an Iowa town. and he found
himself insolvent. He ran a general
store and sold farm implements, and the
concern was an extensive one. But when
collections became slow he quit paying
the collector himself and so the credit
ors came down 10 look the situation over.
He made them the proposition that II
they would allow him S12 a week for liv-
ing expenses he would make the wreck
pay out. They accepted the proposition.
and Ream handled the assets and paid
out Then he went to Chicago Being
familiar with farm animals. he found en-
ployment at the stockyards. Later he
turned his attention 10 wheat. and made
a good deal OF money. When one OF the
great biscuit companies was fioated there
was difficulty In raising the last two mil
lions OF the nine required. After others
had failed. Ream took the scheme in
hand and went to New York His assur-
ance won out and capitalists subscribed
the needed millions
At present he Is a director and member
OF the finance committee of the United
States Steel Corporation. director Of half
a dozen railroads, associate of J. p Nor
gan. When his name Is mentioned IN
Wall street people listen with the utmost
respect There Is a general impression
that II Ream is I'm a scheme IT Is all
right So that the conditions which had
fioored him at the early part OF his ca
reer really did not count.
Sage's case was different. because the
failure had been preceded by unusual good
fortune. One Nay afternoon twenty-five
years ago Wall street was startled by the
announcement that Russell Sage was
broke" The street already had more
sensations than It knew what TO do with.
week before several banks had failed.
The street held millions OF Sage's paper
and as early as o'clock the following
morning the stairway TO the fnancier's S
The Washington herald., 1908-06-28
Consumer Gets II

From tho Kansas City Journal
In those rare instances. when the price
OF beef goes down. the decline never gets
past the retail dealer. but the frequent
advances made by the trust reach the
consumer without a moments delaE
The Grenada sentinel. [volume] (Grenada, Miss.) 1868-1955, 1908-12-12
Queen Alexandra's PUDDING.

Every experienced housekeeper has
a list of ten or a dozen simple pud-
dings and if she is sorely beset with
household worries she goes down the
list and begins again, having conf
dence that whatever else goes wrong
her buildings are all right.
Queen Alexandra's pudding had it's
origin in England. Melt two table
spoonfuls of butter in one-half pint OF
boiling milk, then let it cool. When
it is quite cold stir in six eggs that
have been thoroughly beaten with
three tablespoonfuls Of sifted sugar
and the strained juice of one large
lemon or of two small ones. Line a
pudding dish with puff paste, pour in
the lemon mixture, twist some thin
strips of the paste across the top to
form diamond-shaped spaces, and twist
another narrow strip around the edge
Of the pudding. Bake it until firm in a
moderate oven.
The Grenada sentinel. [volume] (Grenada, Miss.) 1868-1955, 1908-12-12
LAME BACK PRESCRIPTION


The increased use of "Toris' for
fame back and rheumatism is causing
considerable discussion among the
medical fraternity. 1t Is an almost in
fallible cure when mixed with GER
tain other ingredients and taken prop
erly. The following formula is effec-
tive: ITO one-half pint Of good
whiskey add one ounce of Toris Com
pound and one ounce Syrup Sarsapa-
rilla Compound. Take in tablespoon
full doses before each meal and be-
fore retiring"
Toris compound is a product of the
laboratories of the Globe Pharmaceu-
teal Co., Chicago, but it as we'll as the
other ingredients car be had from any
good druggist.
The Grenada sentinel. [volume] (Grenada, Miss.) 1868-1955, 1908-12-12
THINGS WELL WORTH KNOWING.
TrifIes That Save Time and Trouble In
the Household.

If there is no ink eraser handy try
moistening a pencil eraser with a wei
finger. 1t will rub out a bad mistake;
but must be done carefully or the pa
per roughens.
Benzine, naphtha or alcohol cleans
the glass of pictures splendidly, and
does not require the care that water
does. 1t drys at once and gives the
glass a brilliant polish with less rub
bling.
If a picture is to be reframed, hot
water is the quickest way to separate
the picture from its mount.
Orange marmalade is a pleasant
change from lemon when serving after
noon tea.
1t is a new wrinkle to pass marsh
mallows with hot chocolate. When the
candies are dissolved a pleasant flavor
is given to the chocolate.
Much wear and tear on the nerves
and, incidentally, much time Is saved
II the typewriter eraser is tied with a
long string to the machine. The string
should be amply long to reach to the
end of the carriage when pushed to it's
farthest extent.
White shoes are more easily pol.
ished If before using the prepared
chalks they are slipped upon trees
and carefully scrubbed off with a
small brush dipped in warm water and
soap. Avoid wetting the soles.
A glorified hash can be made from
cold roast beef to which is added
boiled chestnuts, chopped mushrooms,
a little currant jelly and sherry. Heat
through and serve on rounds of toast.
In roasting chestnuts at home be
sure to smother them when done.
Wrap in several folds Of napkin or,
better yet, flannel. The flavor is great
ly improved.
Match safes should never be hung
with. ribbon. There will be no danger
from fire if a fine copper wire is used
instead. The copper color is more
nearly invisible than the steel wires.
The Grenada sentinel. [volume] (Grenada, Miss.) 1868-1955, 1908-12-12
Expert Pocket P1ckino,

An old lady was accosted In a Lon.
don street by a well-dressed and re-
fined-looking stranger, who ~effusively
claimed her as a friend. Il really
don't believe you remember mel" she
exclaimed, reproachfully, and the old
lady, never doubling that her memory
was at fault, confessed that she could
not quite recall the name. "Ah, but l
have changed it since you knew me-"
said her %interlocutor, gayly, and after
a few more lively speeches she passed
on, having possessed herself ear
while Of the old lady's purse.
The Grenada sentinel. [volume] (Grenada, Miss.) 1868-1955, 1908-12-12
A Mexican Dish.

Into a baking dish put a layer of
macaroni CATER it has been thoroughly
cooked in sailed water), then a few
spoonfuls of gravy from roast beef;
cover with tomato catsup, then an
other layer of macaroni, gravy and
catsup on top. Set in the oven to
brown.
The Grenada sentinel. [volume] (Grenada, Miss.) 1868-1955, 1908-12-12
Beef a la Waldorf Astoria.

One and one-half pounds beef cut
small, three onions cut, half cup tapi.
oca soaked awhile in cold water, one
can Of tomatoes, n can of peas, half
cup bread crumbs, pinch of cloves.
Cover with a little water. Cover and
bake four hours, then slice raw pota-
toes I'VE the contents. Cover and
bake one hour longer. Salt and pep
nor
The Grenada sentinel. [volume] (Grenada, Miss.) 1868-1955, 1908-12-12
Steamed Rive and Indian Loaf.

Sift together two cups corn meal.
n cup rye meal mot four. a tea
spoonful soda and a scant teaspoonful
salt. Add one-half cup molasses and a
half cup sweet milk, mix well, turn
into a buttered tin pail Or mold and
steam in a kettle of boiling water for
four hours, keeping it steadily boiling.
The Grenada sentinel. [volume] (Grenada, Miss.) 1868-1955, 1908-12-12
An Eco Hint.

To prevent hard-boiled eggs (for sal
ads, sandwiches. etc. from turning a
dark color, place them when taken out
of the boiling water in a basin of cold
water for a few minutes. This will not
only preserve their natural color, but
shell.
The Grenada sentinel. [volume] (Grenada, Miss.) 1868-1955, 1908-12-12
Good Thinq to Know.

Those who traverse the alkali plains
of the west and inhabit the sand blown
regions of Texas, find daily need for a
reliable eye salve. They never drug the
eye, but simply appl.' externally, the
staple, DR.. Mitchell's Eye Salve. 1t is
we'll to know that Mitchell's Eye Salve
Is on sale here also. Price % cents.
The Grenada sentinel. [volume] (Grenada, Miss.) 1868-1955, 1908-12-12
MRS. 1NGERsoLL WINS SUIT.
Allowed Claim of 100000 for Husbands
Legal Services.

Washington.-The Supreme Court OF
the United States Monday decided in ia
vor of Mrs. Ingersoll the case of Mrs.
Eva A. Ingersoll, widow of the late Rob
ert G.. Ingersoll, against Joseph Coram
and others, involving a claim of $4,000
by Mrs. Ingersoll on account OF services
rendered by her husband in breaking the
will of the late Andrew J. Davis, a Mon
lana millionaire.
The Grenada sentinel. [volume] (Grenada, Miss.) 1868-1955, 1908-12-12
What Worried Hin.

MAUD told me to call her father old
man. She said he'd like it."
Did he ever like it,"
Never mind about that. I'm busy
wondering why she told me to do it."
The Grenada sentinel. [volume] (Grenada, Miss.) 1868-1955, 1908-12-12

Some men haven't sense enough to
let we'll enough alone. When one girl
refuses to marry them they ask an
other.
The Grenada sentinel. [volume] (Grenada, Miss.) 1868-1955, 1908-12-12
Picked His Studies.

II understand YOU son is a hard
student"
Hard! Why his muscles are like
IRON"
The Grenada sentinel. [volume] (Grenada, Miss.) 1868-1955, 1908-12-12
Lemon with Cooked Pears.

Insipid, indeed are cooked pears un-
less a slice of lemon OF a few sticks of
CINNAMON are added to the boiling
fruit.
The Grenada sentinel. [volume] (Grenada, Miss.) 1868-1955, 1908-12-12
For Colds and Gripp-Caoudine.

The best remedy for Gripp and Colds Is
Hicks Capudine. Relieves the aching n
feveriShness. Cures the cold-Headaches
also. It's Liquid-Effects immediately--10,
Is and SOC at Drug Stores.
The Grenada sentinel. [volume] (Grenada, Miss.) 1868-1955, 1908-12-12
70 DRIVE OUT MALARIA
RTTILD III 'HHE 6

Take the Old Standard GROVES
CHILL TONIC. You know what you are taking.
The formula is plainly printed on every bottle,
allowing tits simply Quinine and Iron in a tasteless
form, and the most ef1ectual form. For Crowd
people and children. Soc.