The Washington herald., 1908-07-06

tilUhS IN UllillOuS. II one SluNlcS pOHllCdl
economy. finance. astronomy. the atomic
theory. the age OF the earth. the vibra-
tlOns OF heat waves. bacteriology. or even
the water supply OF towns one must
think In Millions for each generation of
mankind must be trained 10 think on q
higher scale than the preceding genera
tlon in order 10 make progress.
II the national expenditures. taxes, and
rates continue 70 increase annually in the
future as they have done In the past, the
people of future generations will think
in billions, or in millions of millions.
In the United States OF America and IN
France people already speak OF billions;
but billion in these countries means a
thousand millions.
One million persons collected together
In n crowd, with an allowance Of three
square feet per person. would cover an
area Of 6S8 acres-say. 10 acres-or could
be contained IN a square having sides
5T.5 yards long; or. II one allows IS
inches per person. standing shoulder TO
shoulder. 100000 people would extend a
distance OF 2s41 miles. or from London TO
Alnwick
ElHureN OF
The population Of the County OF London
amounts 20 6.5l9.OO0 and allowing IS
inches per person. standing shoulder to
shoulder. II would form a human wall
1850 miles long. or the whole population
could be placed on an area Of OF square
mile, or on square having sides Of 0Si
OF mile
New York has a population Of 3437.O0O.
which would cover an area OF O37 Of a
square mile, which IS equivalent to a
square having sides O60 Of a mile long
Paris contains 2,T4OOO persons. who
could be accommodated comfortably on
O29 OF a square mile. or O54 by 0.54 Of a
mile; and the people OF Berlin number
100000 souls, who would cover an area
OF 022 Of a square mile. and could be
contained in n square having sides O.4i
Of a mile IN length.
The population Of the United Kingdom
consists Of about 4s.22OO00 persons. and
IL an area Of three square feet be allowed
FOR each person 10 stand on. this great
crowd could be accommodated on an area
OF 462 square miles equal 20 a square OF
215 by 215 miles. or. II standing shoulder
70 shoulder. would form a human wall
2,2S0 miles In length. which would extend
half way round the earth at the equator.
One million cubic yards OF excavation IS
equivalent TO n cube having sides 100 yards
long; or It may be represented by a bank
of earth measuring one yard square and
56S.2 miles IN length
Dirt Taken from ship Canal.
The excavation in the construction OF
the Manchester Ship Canal amounted 70
54.OO0OO0 cubic yards. Of which 12.OOOOOO
consisted OF red sandstone rock. The total
Of a,OOo,OOO could be depicted by a wall OF
material one yard square and SO.6S3 miles
in length; as the circumference Of the
earth at the equator Is about 24.sS4 miles,
this wall OF excavated material would be
sufficient to form a girdle round the
world; or it might be represented by a
cube Of material having sides 37S yards
long.
one million tons OF rock (allowlng four
teen cubic feet to the toni can be illus
trated by cube having sides about 241
feet in length
In the United States the coal raised
per annum totals 250,S21.OpO tons. which
are equal to n cube having sides IA yards
long, and in Germany the quantity raised
is ns.3i9,000 tons. equivalent TO a cube
with sides 81 yards I'm length.
Ono million building bricks. II piled
carefully together so as 10 form a cube.
could be contained I'm one whose sides
were 39.s feet, or say, forty feet long, al
lowing sixteen bricks to the cubic foot
laid without mortar. or a million bricks
can be depicted by a wall six feet high,
nine inches thick and &c miles long.
In connection with the study OF astron-
.omy. II Is difficult 20 realize the meaning
n mi ttfrf
be gathered from the time that would be
taken by an express train. OF the shot
from cannon. 70 cover celestial spaces.
Years TO Reach the sun.
Tho distance of the earth from the sun
is about 100000 miles. and light travel
ing at the rate of 1S6. 100 miles per second
in vacuo traverses this distance in 81
minutes; but a railway train going az a
speed of 60 miles per hour would take 175
years 20 reach tho sun.
The circumference Of the ellipse form
ing the orbit Of the earth round the sun
is about 50. 10000 miles in length, and
the earth covers this distance IN 365j4
days. travelling at the rate OF 65.o1O miles
an hour. OF LOS miles per minute. CT
nearly l.1o0 times as fast as a train going
train travelling at this speed would re-
quire nearly LOO years 20 accomplish the
Journey round the earth's orbit
The velocity OF a rife bullet IS about
2,130 feet per second. or 242 miles per
minute. and that Of the projectile weigh
ing $50 pounds, from Quick-firing nine
inch gun. Is about 1900 feet per second, or
"a miles per minute, so that the velocity
OF the earth is 32.2 times as fast as the
latter.
a million gallons Of water weighing 10
pounds per gallon, is equivalent to 4.46L2S
tons and, allowing 36 cubic feet TO the
ton. this viii be equal 20 a cube Of water
having sides 544 feet in length. or TO a
reservoir 1867 feet square and 10 feet
deep.
The quantity OF water used annually for
fires IN the County Of London amounts TO
100000 gallons, equivalent to 625OO tons
or this amount. one-third is drawn direct
from rivers, canals. and docks, and the
remainder from the water mains: the total
Of 100000 is equal to a cube having
sides 131 feet square.
Immense Amount of Water.
The total amount Of water used annu-
ally In the County OF London for all pur-
poses is 2lL5670O0 gallons. equal in bulk
TO a cube having sides nearly s27 feet long.
or 70 a reservoir 622 yards square ard 10
feet deep.
The amount Of liquor consumed annually
In the United Kingdom Is as follows:
Wine equal to 1921. 900 gallons. represent
ed in volume by cube having sides ls5
feet long: beer, equal TO 1,27OS2S.OOO gal
Ions. equivalent 70 cube with sides 5Ss
feet In length. and spirits. equal to 4.O7S.-
900 gallons, which would form a cube
with sides 192 feet square.
one million blood corpuscles (Which are
each about 1-32OO inch I'm diameter). If laid