davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Birmingham age-herald., 1908-12-24
RUNS coEvAL WITH THE HIS TORY OF THE FORMATION OF COLONIES, THE EVOLUTION OF STATES AND OF INDUSTRIES.

The story of coal mining in the United States runs with the history of the formation of the colonies, the evolu- tion of states, the growth of great indus tries from small beginnings infant in dustries''-into gigantic enterprises paying millions of dollars dividends annually.
 This age of steel is founded upon the basic industry of coal mining.
 The United States geological survey, in a late publication on the production of coal, has the following interesting data:
 So far as known, the first mention of the occurrence of coal in the United States is contained in the journal of Father Hennepin, a Jesuit missionary, who in 1619 recorded tcole mne'' on Illinois river, near the present city of Ottawa, III. The first actual mining of coal was in the Richmond basin, Virginia, about 70 years after Father Hennepin' s discovery in Illinois, but the first records of production from the Virginia mines were for the year 1922, when, according to one authority, 54,0O0 tons were mined. Ohio probably ranks second in priority of production, as coal was discovered there in 1755, but the records of produc- ton date back only to 1888. The mining of anthracite in Pennsylvania began about 179O, and it is said that in 1907 55 tons were shipped to Columbia, Pa. Re- ports Of the anthracite coal trade are usu- ally begun with the year 1920, when S65 tons, one ton for each day of the year, were shipped to Philadelphia from, the Le- high region. Prior to this, however, in 1874, shipment of 22 tons was made from Carbondale, also to Philadelphia. It is probable that the actual production prior to 1920 was between 2500 and 3000 tons.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1908-12-24
STEEL MAKING BASIS
 OF FUTURE GREATNESS

material has been built up to a very mod ern and economical standard, electrical distributing cars and appliances having been installed.
 Large hot metal cars have been pur- chased for transferring the molten iron from the blast furnaces to the steel works. When you arrive at the steel plant you find that great changes have taken place within the last year or two. The old pig iron mixer has been dismantled and in its place a large and modern mixer has been installed, and also two very large and modern converters. In addition to these improvements that are already made contract has been let for 600-ton mixer which will be the largest vessel of this kind in the United States.
 In addition to the improvements above mentioned there have been six 10O-ton open-hearth tilting furnaces installed with very large steel superstructure and modern floor space. These furnaces have made some magnificent records, and have more than fulfilled the anticipation of the gentlemen who first recommended them Two large cupolas, which have capacity of something like 300 tons per day each, are used as auxiliary to furnish molten iron. In going across from the open hearth plant to the rail mill one finds that pfdCucdiy dli Oi lilt SOdhihS have been rebuilt along increased lines and are now ample to supply steel for the new rail mill which was installed this year. This rail mill will have capacity of something like 2000 tons of open hearth rails per day. An additional re versng engine has been added to the rail mill of sufficient capacity to take care of the increased product. New hot beds have been installed and the finishing department of the rail mill has been greatly increased So as to also care for the increased output of rails. Magnetic controllers have been installed to take the place of the manually operated control lers. which will decrease the cost and in- crease the efficiency to handle both the blooming mill and the rail mill. The Ten nessee company is also adding very large and completely equipped lime burn ing plant to furnish lime for steel work. This equipment consists of four rotary kilns.
 Besides it's blast furnaces at Ensley, the Tennessee company has five stacks at Bessemer, a plant at Oxmoor and plant inside the city of Birmingham.
 The Southern Steel company's steel mill at Gadsden will probably resume opera tions within a few months and it is gen. erally believed that the Republic Iron and Steel company will before a great while erect steel works at Thomas, between Birmingham and Ensley.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1908-12-24
STORY OF COAL MINING
 IN THE UNITED STATES

From 1874 to the close of 1907 the total quantity of coal produced in the United States has amounted to 6,S65,097, 567 snort tons. More than 55 per cent of this, or {, ,777, ,579,574 short tons, has been mined in Pennsylvania, the anthracite production in that state having amounted to 1,93l,- 510321 short tons, while the bituminous output of Pennsylvania has amounted to 1,S46,069, ,25s short tons.
 Illinois ranks second, with a total pro- duction of 645, ,86S, ,3G9 tons and Ohio third, with 4s2, ,769,35S tons: West Virginia, all though not coming into existence as separate state until 1863, ranks fourth, with total production in 45 years of 434,- S,5S9 tons; Alabama comes fifth, with 164, ,734, BIO tons; and Indiana sixth, with 159, 440, ,390 tons.
 So far as known the earliest record of the existence of coal in Alabama was made in 1884. The first statement of pro duction in the state is contained in the United States census report for 1840, in which year the production is given at 946 tons. The census report for 1850 does not mention any coal production for the state, and the next authentic record is contained in the census statistics of 1860, when Ala bama is credited with an output of l0,20O short tons. The mines of Alabama were probably worked to a considerable ex- tent QQflnR the CIVIL WAL Dul lhCiC piO no records of the actual production until 1870, for which year the United States census reports a production of u,000 tons. Ten years later the production had in creased to 323,972 short tons, but the devel- opment of the present great industry really began in 1881 and 1882, when at tention was directed to the large iron de- posits near the city of Birmingham, and thus the great boom" of that city and vicinity was inaugurated. By 1885 the coal production of the state increased to nearly 2,50O,OO0 tons. Then followed period of relapse and liquidation, which lasted for two years, after which busi- ness settled down to a conservative and rational basis and has since developed steadily In 1902 the coal production of the state reached a total of over 10,O00,- GOO tons, and reached the maximum of IA, 25O, ,454 tons in 1907.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1908-12-24
oAkMAN CONCERN.
Gas Light, Coal and Coke Company Is
 Prosperous.

The Gas Light, Coal and Coke company, located at Oakman is operating three drift mines having a capacity of about $50 tons of coal per day. They mine from the only seam of semi-cannel coal in Ala bama. They are at present installing mining machines at their No. 2 gas light mine, which will about double the ca pacity of this mine. This machinery will be in operation by January 1.
 The store business of this company is operated on 8 cut-price basis, and under the present management has grown in vol ume to such an extent that they are at present covering nearly half a block of store space.
 The officers of this company are: Sam uel Levy, president and general manager; Simon Levy, vice president and associate manager; Lionel Levy, manager of store department.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1908-12-24
DR. c. B. GROVE IS A
 LARGE COAL DEVELOPER

the past year a great deal of new ma chinery has been installed at the diff ferent mines, while good deal more IS to be placed in the near future.
 In addition to his coal operations Dr. Grove also operates battery of 100 ovens at Yolande and battery of 50 at New Connellsville. The coal from these mines is of exceptional coking quality and is very much in demand.
 Over 1000 men are kept constantly .em- ployed in the operation of these four com panies while the improvements under way will be the means of giving a large mum Der of other men work.
 Dr. Crowe's rapid rise in the coal min ing world has placed him in the front ranks of coal operators. Four years ago he made his first venture Into the coal mining business, starting with the Yo- lande mine and practically no capital. The success of these companies is almost sole ly due to his keen foresight and long bus mess head. His offices are located on the fifteenth floor of the Brown-Marx build ing.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1908-12-24
ASSURED SUCCESS OF STEEL IN- DUSTRY AT ENSELY HAS A FAR REACHING EFFEcT-THE TEN NESSEE CO.'S DEVELOPMENTS

In the early days of the Birmingham district this was known only as an iron and coal center. It is known now as the south's steel, as well pig iron center.
 The development of the steel industry by the Tennessee Coal, Iron and Railroad company has attracted the attention of the world The experimental stage has been passed and the rails made at Ensley are now highly valued on account of their metallurgical excellence.
 As the future greatness of the Birming ham district is based on the commercial success of steel making it is cheering to see that the policy of the United States Steel Corporation, which owns the Ten nessee company, is for large and far reaching expansion in this district; and such a policy means that the men who control this vast property are well satis- fled with it as a commercial proposition.
 The Tennessee company is spending mil- lions of dollars here in development work. It is developing it's raw material-coal and iron-on broad lines.
 The companys steel plant at Ensley has been rebuilt and modernized and those persons who visit Ensley only occasion ally will marvel at the magnitude of the improvements.
 Beginning with the blast furnace plant at Ensley back some two years ago, No. was just being completed. This fur mace was built on modern lines, with large and complete stoves and equipped with skip-hoist for capacity of some thing over 300 tons per day. Since that time No furnace has been rebuilt, also with all modern equipment, such as new and up-to-date stoves, skip-hoist and has been increased in size to practically the same lines as No and No. 6.
 No. furnace is now being rebuilt and modernized in every particular, and upon completion of this work the two remain ing old furnaces will then be modernized. When this is done it will be the largest and best equipped modern plant in the south At these furnaces also there has been recently installed the steel bin sys- tenn. Their storage capacity for raw
The Birmingham age-herald., 1908-12-24
INFORMATION HEADQUARTERS.
Alabama Coal Operators Association Will Be Supplied With Statistics.

The general office of the Alabama Coal Operators association Is on the 14th floor of the Brown-Marx building. J. V. Allen, the secretary treasurer, is accommodating statistics and information relative to coal mining and mining conditions generally and he will welcome all persons interested in the coal industry. In time he will have a pretty full statistical bureau.
 The Alabama Coal Operators associa- ton was organized last summer and was made permanent institution. G. B. Mc- Cormack is president.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1908-12-24
NORTH BIRMINGHAM HAS
 VARIETY OF INDUSTRIES

pany ...... ..... ............ ....... 100 Christy Foundry company ............ 15 Southern Sewer Pipe and Foundry
 company Doubling) ...... ......... 150 Birmingham Sand, Lime and Brick
 conpdhy ..... ..'............'....... % The older plants in the suburb are
 as follows:
 Sloss-Sheffield Steel and Iron com
 panys furnaces ..... ............... 700 Birmingham Packing company ..... 50 Alabama Manufacturing company
 (holloware) ......... .................. 100 Southern Cement company .... 125 Parsons Manufacturing company g. 15 Jefferson Hosiery mills ...... ....... 75 McCune Iron Works ........... 100 Jefferson Powder company ........... 50 Dimmick Pipe Works ............ 1000
The Birmingham age-herald., 1908-12-24

The city of Birmingham has just begun the expenditure of $350000 in a new sew craze system that will be the most com plete of any city in the south. The work covered In this appropriation will require three years for completion.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1908-12-24

The average earnings of the wage earners in this district are larger than those of any other district in the south, almost equalling in that respect the best districts in the north.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1908-12-24
SEVERAL THOUSAND MEN FIND DAILY EMPLOYMENT AT THESE PLANTS AT GOOD WAGEs-LlsT OF IMPORTANT INDUSTRIES.

North Birmingham has the greatest ya- riety of manufacturing plants of any of the suburban towns of this district. It is to become part of Birmingham on Oc- tober l. 1909, and will thus add many millions of dollars to this city's property values.
 large force of men are employed steadily at these different plants, while good wages are paid. A list of the prin-. cipal North Birmingham industries with the number of men employed now reads as follows:
 Name of Men Plant Employed. Birmingham Car and Manufacturing
 company ...,....,........- l5o Kilby Frog and Crossing company,
 Doubling) ......... ................... 13 American Wood Fibre Plaster com American Cast Iron Pipe and Foun-
 dry company m ...................... eco Alabama Coffin and Casket company 50 Cannon Pump Manufacturing com
 pany ........... ................... % Birmingham Fire Brick and Proofing
 company ........ ................. .... 100 Beggs Soil Pipe and Foundry com
 pany ........ ......... ............... 5O Gladden. Lumber company .......... 50 Continental Oil and Fertilizer com
 pany ...,.... .........,... 70 Mclean Lumber company ........... 75 Birmingham Novelty Works ....... 25 North Birmingham Drop Forge com
The Greeley tribune., 1908-04-16
AulT

Mrs. G q. Brown Is quite III with
liver trouble.
Born, April g., to Mr.. and Mrs.
Max Oesterle, q girl.
Mrs. J. w Bridges has had quite
a serious time with the grip.
The A. M. Nixon building on
Main street is we'll under way, the
plasterers having finished their work
DR.. Rockefellow has moved his
family into the Minnis house. Mr..
and Mrs. Minis having moved to
Lucerne.
Mrs. r. l.. Pence Ia out of quaran.
tine and attending to her duties at
the postoffice. She is roOming at
Mrs. Paimer's.
Miss Psnsy Pence, who has been
at home sick with measles, has re-.
turned to Greeley where she Is at.
tending the Normal.
w. C. Hickok and family have
moved to the east part OF town and
James Martin has moved his family
into the G. w. Kesner house In the
north part.
Rev. J. f. Lynn and wife'of War.
rem, Ohio. are spending their vaca.
tton In Ault, being guests at the
home Of G. II. Thomas east Of town.
Mr. Lynn preached at the Christian
church Sunday morning.
At the city election Tuesday the
It'll, Albert Allison was reelected
mayor He received l26 votes and
Henry Mead So. The local option
bill was also passed by vote Of l31
to 26. "a votes being blank. The
entire Conservative ticket VA
elected
W. H. Gage, special organizer fol
the Great Sachem Or j. II. Smith
Of the Improved Order Of Red Men,
is 10 town for the purpose Of organ
izing q tribe of the order here, anG
Mrs Rose Allen Is Also working her.
In the Interest of the Degree Of Poca
hontas 1t is believed that both or.
ders will be instituted the coming
week. Mrs. Allen Is head officer O
the order for Colorado.
The Greeley tribune., 1908-04-16
EvAMo

Mr.. Vanaken OF L0veland spent
Friday with Evans friends
The newly elected mayor and al
dssmen we're sworn In Monday even.
tug.
Mrs. J. A. Behrens is spending =
few days this week with Windsor
friends.
y A. Behrens aud Henry Ginther
left Monday for Chicago with six car
loads OF sheep.
Mr.. Gregory aud wife Of Oceola,
Neh., we're guests of Mrs. Riddle
Friday and Saturday.
J. G. Reid and Gus Shepherd made
. business trip to Orchard on last
Saturday, returning Sunday evening.
Misses Celeen, Flint, Berry, Schil'
Liz and Fashbsugh attended the
teachers institute at Longmont Fri
day.
Mrs. W. J. Craig was unexpectedly
called to Emporia, Kansas, this week
on account of the serious illness OF
her brother.
Joe Parkhill and family Of Denver
The Greeley tribune., 1908-04-16
pLATrEvsLlE

Rev. Beardsley of Denver preached
at the Methodist church Sunday
morning and evening.
N. l.. Heuthorn returned Saturday
from Wisconsin where he had been
called by his fathers illness.
M. W. Long, the furniture man.
has moved his goods into the house
near the Piatteville drug store
Chss. Hamburger 10 putting up a
building near his shop, preparatory
to making cement blocks aud posts
Mrs williams Of Salt Lake, Utah,
organizer for the order OF Women OF
Woodcraft, 10 here In the interest Of
the order OF this place.
Boyd Burrows. who has had his
show goods stored here since last
fall, has returned and re0rganized
his troupe and will give hts opening
play here Wednesday evening, April
IT,
The Greeley tribune., 1908-04-16
oIP00N

A cottage prayermeeting was held
Ut Mrs. Swans Monday afternoon.
Marguerite Lutz has stopped At.
tending school on advice Of the tam
lily physician.
Mr.. and Mrs. Troth of Sterling
are moving into the Gipson neigh.
borhood again.
Mr.. jackson, who was badly burned
about the face aud hands at the
Carlson fire, is slowly recovering.
Mr.. and Mrs. Bashor Of Long.
mont spent 4 few DAYS last week
with Mrs. Bashor's father, Mr.. Nor
gan.
c. A. Carlson Is putting. up new
barn to take the place OF the one
burned short time ago. There
was 500 insurance on the building,
but the contents including hay,
grain, feed, etc., were not insured.
Friends and neighbors made up .
purse of some $50 to help replace
theHa
The Greeley tribune., 1908-04-16
LONE TREE

Miss Sarah Palmer, who has been
III for some time, Is now having the
measles.
Mr. Bowe. our teacher, spent FRI
day and Saturday In Longmont Mt
the institute.
Mr. and Mrs Yeacle OF Loveland
and Mr.. aud Mrs. A. Straight and
son Of Greeley spent Sunday with
ID C. Straight and family. =
The ladies Of the Union Aid had
a sewing last Wednesday at Mrs.
Joe Kings, for Mrs. Somerville. 1t
was an. all day affair and as usual
every body had a good time.
The Bethel Aid met with Mrs
Crofford and Mrs. Art ChristmaD last
Wednesday. A number OF visitors
we're present. After the business
meeting the hostesses served dainty
refreshments.
The Greeley tribune., 1908-04-16

have moved to the James ranch
south Of Evans, where Mr.. Parkhill
will farm this season
Mrs. Mamie +. Ja"k. who spent
the winter with her daughter at
Wallace Neb., returned home last
Tuesday In time to vote. 49,
Mrs. Allen, the great Pocahontas
Of Ouray, was an Evans visitor
Tuesday. She was working In the
interest of the Evans lodge
6. n. Young left Monday for Chi.
cago. He will also visit Sandusky,
Ohio, where he will attend a re-
union OF the survivors OF the SuItana
disaster, he being one Of the thret
hundred saved out OF the 1900 or
board
Mr.. Chalf5 int of Pittsburg has pur.
chased the T. e. Perry property IN
east part of town, also the land ad.
joining; consideration $4,000 cash.
Mr.. Chalfont and family expect to
take possession about the twentieth
of this month. We understand MIR.
Chalfont anticipates putting In ex
tensive press brick work, which will
add much to the new improvements
going on here.
The Greeley tribune., 1908-04-16
FORT LupTow

Miss Agnes Hurbert and Miss
Hazel Moore spent the latter part OF
the week in DAnver.
Mr.. and Mrs. Long Of Iowa are
visiting their daughter, Mrs Hugh
McAnnery Of Fort Lupton.
Miss Irene Kinehush returned to
her home In Fort Collins after
spending some.. weeks with Mrs. R.
E. Moan and family.
Miss Mabel Worcester and her
friend. Miss Mary Barr, spent Satur.
day aud Sunday with Mrs. Haeer,
aunt of Miss Worcester.
The Sunshine Girls gave another
of their very pleasant evenings Sat.
urday, April llth., the occasion be-
Ing q farewell reception and dance
in honor of one Of their number.
Miss Mary Dienelt, Of Ph iladelphia.
The Greeley tribune., 1908-04-16
NOTICE OF ADJUSTMENT DAY.


Estate of Carl Burkhart, De ceased.
The undersigned. having been appoint; t;
ed AdmniatrAtrix q the estHte y; e. eS 9 = uhr, r.
State oi colorado deceased. hereby givss
notice that she will appear before me tt,
County Court Of said Weld CoHiaatY CoHiaa Yauntv' =, IHe
on Monday. the iith day, Of May. 4 D;
1908. At the hour oi 10 2'closR sra a hsvinm M n
said day at which time al persons rnf ma;ad ;;aad
and reauested to attend for the PURPOSE
Of having the same adjusted. All persIotts p,nI ~
indebted to said estate are requested W
make Immediate payment TO the uhoer
signed. ..;. .,h
Dated at Greeley, Colorado, tins "th
CLARA HENN!CK.
Administrative with VIII AnLntsarta Ltart
Of the Estate OF Carl burRh"r''
Deceased.
Chas. 4. Southard. Attorney.
First publication in Greeley Trapums ns
April q. 'O8; last publication April 80 'e'
The Greeley tribune., 1908-04-16

Mrs. Chas Pedsn left last week
for her home In Brush after . pleas
ant visit with relatives.
The rain aud snow OF last week
was gladly welcomed but there was
not enough to do much good.
There is not any water turned III
the Highland ditch yet although
some OF the cistsrns are dry.
Rufus Mead and Frank Johnstone
accompanied Evans, Msrkhsm and
Holmes to Chicago this week.
Several Of the farmers are selling
their whsst to the Mead Elevator
Co., and resolving good prices.
Work on the Highlandlsks reser-
v0ir will be finished about the mid.
die Of this week. The work has put
the lake In 6ne shape.
The Greeley tribune., 1908-04-16
SANBORNahOUST0N
NOTICE OF ADJUSTMENT DAY.

Evtate Of EIixabeth Richards, Deceased.
The undersi9ned. having been 9 appo.ntt- ,oata-
Gsaa.S %sns q 81 Wsia n ths
deceassd, hereby gives notice that sns ,s
said Wcld County, ut the Court House in
Greeley, In said County. on Monday. the
nth day Of May, 4. D ltos At the ho1I ;,,sa OF
ali persons having claims against said
estate are notified and requested to At
tend for the purpose OF having me s same snid
estate are requested to make immediate
payne Mt to the undersigned, Az, -.h
Dated At Greeley. Colorado. TINS 'h
CARRIE RICHARDS PHILLIPS.
Executrix OF the Last VIII ana
Testament Of Elizabeth Rich
ards, Decpased.
H. N. Haynes, Attorney.
First publication in Greeley Tribume
April q. Os; last publication April 30 oe.
The Greeley tribune., 1908-04-16
GLWILL

John Boss nov owns the Thornton
home place, having bought 1t OF
Miller.
Mr.. and Mrs. Homer Hardesty
have Y little new son, who arrived
April 8.
r. C. Scott and wife entertaint
O. Lee and family and also Missouri
friends Sunday.
Mrs. Barber of Windsor visited her
grandmother, Mrs G. n kernes,
and other relatives this week.
Mr.. and Mrs. Robert Hardesty,
who have taken claim near Grover,
visited Elwell relatives Sunday,
Y. p. C. e. and r. B. C. No I
held . joint business meetinG at the
Eiohmann home Monday evening.
Mr.. Mclean, state Y. n. C. A.
secretary of Boulder University,
talked 1t the Chapel Sunday MORN
Ing. f,
Miss Edith Flory took hss father
to La6alle Monday. where he boarded
the train for Fort Morgan and Ak
ron.
The Dilley Chapel Ladies Aid hsa
become . Woman's Home Missionar,
Auxiliary and Is perpared to branci
out into new fields of labor.
Friends No. 2 are to be congratu
lated over the speedy results attend.
ing the bell" efforts. The Diliey
Chapel bell Is now in place and we
are to hear its music for the tirsl
time on Easter morning at 6 O'Clock
The Greeley tribune., 1908-04-16
hishlandIake

Some OF the farmers are plowfng
or trying to.
Ula Patterson has the diphtheria.
The family are under quarantine.
Frank Ballinger expects to get
through on the ditch work this week.
Mrs. Daley aud son attended the
late Ray McCorey's furnera' IN hy'
giene Friday
Grain and alfalfa are beginning to
grow quite a little. considering the
very dry weather.
Geo. Evans, Ed Markham ana
Henry Holmes shipped their sheep
from Highland to Chicago the nrs'
of the week.