davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1908-02-09
MsEE 1UHDREp Toor Tee ARCH

zer's memoir He tried, by mixing soiu-
tons of copper and nickel sulphate with
pure water. to reproduce the blue-green
OF Lake Louise. the green OF Emerald
lake and the intense blue of Moraine lake.
From experiments he observed that the
coIors with the longer wave lengths. as
yellow, oranga and red. are absorbed X
passed through water of sufficient thick
ness. While of the colors at the other
lengths blue is the one which water 10
chiefly able to transmit violet and green
being also transmitted. but less perfect
ly. Bodies OF pure water OF a volume
sufficient to absorb the longer waves or
light reflected from the bottom, but not
so deep as to absorb IL all. will appear
blue. This blue is not reflected from the
sky. although the condition OF the sky
will affect the tint. Water in the form
of ice possesses still the same power To
transmit the colors with the shorter
wave-lengths, violet. indigo. blue and
green with the preference for blue. II a
mixture of these four colors, or of ali the
others which compound white hgnt. ne
passed through block of pure ice OF SUI
ficient thickness none but the blue VIII
emerge If no light whatever is being
transmitted through either ice or water u
will look black or will show whatever
color of light is being reflected from IFS
surface" OF course, in the form OF foam
or snow. where many tiny surfaces act as
refiectors. all colors are seen. and glacial
drainage streams. loaded with sediment.
generally appear milky. creamy white
or a dirty gray. But the glacial lakes.
deep and clear. maintain "A rich natural
blue. which shades into green only az
foreign matter finds its way down rom
the lofty peaks.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1908-02-09

ice face. and of zones and stripes less
regular in their formation was worked
out. The twistihgs and turnings OF the
ice strata, the intrusion Of dykes. the
making of crevasses and many other
phenomena. in some cases very similar
to the action of the earth's crust itself,
were recorded and studied.
Makeup and Flow" Of Glaciers.
Particular investigation made of the
structure of glacial ice revealed micro
SCOPE granuies not welded together, but
closely locked. Each granule is a tiny
ice crystal belonging to the heXagonal
system of minerals, and in quantity has
rich blue color by transmitted light.
ice granules, the glacier can flow In
many directions without breaking the
crystals. and upon this DIR. Sherzer bases
his conclusions to the movement OF
the glaciers. He says that under certain
conditions and within certain limits ice
is capable of behaving as a plastic body:
that is capable of yielding continuously
to stress. without rupture" but 1.-THE
Elasticity of ice. crystalline substance,
must be thought of as essentially differ
ent from that manifested by such
anonymous substances as wax or asphalt
tum."
Causes of Exquisite Coloring.
The causes of the exquisite richness and
variety of coloring seen in glaciers and
glacial lakes which can not be reproduced
in colored photograph and which eludes
the brush of the most skilled artist, are
considered as a conclusion to DR. Sher-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1908-02-09
Punish the officials.
From the Atlantic.

Punish future infraction of the laws By
the corporations. but punish the officials
and not the stockholders. II juries hesi.
tate and fine the corporations II is an act
of great injustice-in short, 1t is an OUT
rage. Let the present laws stand and
watch their result. for the wise physician
prescribes one medicine and watches its
effect before prescribing another. Cease
all threats or hard words about the cor
porations and capitalists. for such words
are only idle and brighten a public al
ready scared. And one may not forget
that the savings banks are the great
owners of corporation bonds and notes
are, in short, the trustees of the wages OF
the great wage-earning public. for the
poor men lend to the rich corporations
because they know that the notes of the
rich corporations have always been theh
safest investment.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1908-02-09

800 feet. completely veneered with rock.
has pushed out into the forest at COM
paratively recent date. The Wenk-
chemna glacier. in the valley of the Ten
Peaks, formerly called Desolation Valley,
proved exceptionally interesting because
of its almost unique character. only one
other of the type-the Malaspina in
Alaska-having been described. The
Wenkchemna consists Of sluggish ice
mass, relatively short but broad, formed
by the lateral coalescence of about a
dozen short ice streams, each of which
retains its identity more or less perfectly
entirely across the glacier, and main
tains its own nose and motion indepen-
IDENTIFY of its neighbors. To those who do
not fully appreciate all the factors of the
problem 1t is frequently matter of sur
prise that glacier in one valley may be
in retreat while that in an adjacent val
ley may be advancing, as has just been
the case In the Asulkan and Illecillewaet
valleys; but in the case of the Wenk-
chemna there is still more varied be-
havior in streams that are side by side
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1908-02-09
lLLEclLLEMXET G LAclER,

almost throughout their length.
Interesting facts as to just how glaciers
flow are set forth. Flow is "a good
word to describe their motion. Glacial ice
to all appearances solid. is under certain
circumstances plastic and if a river OF
water can be conceived that moves in
inches instead of miles, such a river
would resemble very closely a glacier
The experiment of setting up eighteen
metal plates in a direct line across the
Victoria glacier, a third of a. mile Show
ed a total movement in ABB days varying
from seventy-six feet in mid-stream to
about an inch on the sides. an average of
little over two inches a day near the
center and dwindling toward each bank
This means a flow in >the sWiftest part OF
about sixty-siX feet a year.
On either side and in front of each are
the usual glacial moraines or mounds of
broken rock and gravel either pushed UP
or deposited by the ice in melting. The
constant race between the melting forces
and the flow of the ice stream, to de-
termine whether the great mass shall in
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1908-02-09

gary Blowing from the warm currents
of the Pacific. over the gold and coast
ranges come occasionally the SNOW
eating Chinook winds. dry and balmy.
given the name from the tribe OF Indians
near Puget sound by early Hudson bay
trappers and voyagers. These winds con-
stitute one of the meteorological peculiari-
ties of this continent. and by scientific
study have been determined to be part of
a great ''whirl" due to an intricate series
of influences.
1t may be matter Of surprise to many.
suggests DR.. Sherzer. to learn that four
or five days of comfortable railway travel
places one in the midst of snow fields ri
valing in size and grandeur those of Swift
zerland: that the ice bodies descending
from these fields may be studied from
modern hotels as a base. and that one
may safely ride horse to the very nose
of each. For trips on the ice to tn
passes and neighboring peaks experienced
Swiss guides are available during the
summer months. So far is known
there is here the most magnificent devel-
opment of glaciers of the Alpine type on
the American continent.
Glaciers Generally Receding.
The glaciers generally were found to
be still in retreat. the Wapta at the head
of the Yoho valley having exceeded it's
average of the last three years by few
feet, while the Illecillewaet at Glacier
House receded but one-tfrd of the aver
age which it has maintained during the
last seventeen years. The Asulkan, in
an adjoining valley, which had been ad-
vancing for about two years, has remain
ed practically stationary during the last
year. The Victoria presents an ob4.que
front of nearly half mile, and it's lower
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1908-02-09

matter. We simply stand pat on our
rights. If prominent railroad man IS
questioned on the subject of railroad ac-
cdents he will shrug his shoulders and
say: Human nature" So far as he 10
concerned railroad men are to be pro-
tected. not criticised. If you turn to the
management your errand will be equally
fruitless. The superintendent will have
little to say. Generally speaking. he has
no fault to find with the men. and the
men have little fault to find with him.
This seems to be a tacit understanding
in the interests of harmony. 1t being Inn
possible to move without treading on
somebody's toes, by all means let us re-
main motionless. AS for the. public inter-
ests. they must shift for themselves. Con-
seQuently in place of earnest co-opera-
ton in the interests of efficiency and tm~
proved service. there is something In the
nature of friendly de adiock between men
and management.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1908-02-09

wade. new territory or be forced to give
ground. is not the least interesting. Meas
urcments in every case were made from
stationary marks to the nose of the
glaciers, resulting in the conclusions.
above stated. that some were advancing
and others receding
Complete Surveys.
Complete surveys were obtained of each
glacier from the high neve fields. where
the snow, avalanched 1000 feet from the
mountain peaks. first begins to compress
into glacial ice, along the compact mass
itself. several miles to the rounded nose,
and its drainage stream running down
usually to lake and then off in river.
The term ice waves seems a strange
one vet that is correct description for
the rolling masses of ice that take from
thirty-six to forty years for complete
oscillation. Data interesting to biologists
were obtained in regard to the flowing OF
one, ice river into another. Likewise the
significance of bands of dirt across the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1908-02-09

of longevity are that the heart. lungs and
digestive organs. as we'll as the brain.
should be large. If these organs are
large the trunk will be long and the limbs
comparatively short. The person will APP
pear tall in sitting and short In standing
The hand will have a long and somewhat
heavy palm and short fingers. The brain
will be deeply seated. as shown by the
orif1ce of the ear being low. The blue or
brown hazel eye. as showing an inter-
mission Of Temperament. Is a favorable
indication. The nostrils. if large, open
and free indicate large lungs. A pfnched
and half-closed nostril indicates small or
weak lungs. These are general points of
distinction. but. of course. subject to the
usual individual exceptions"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1908-02-09
NOHo GLACIER

sHE most accessible glaciers on
the North American continent
lie in the southwestern part of
Canada. Just over the Unit ed
States boundary. Recognizing
the fruitfulness of this region for the
geologist. the Smithsonian Institution sew
eral years ago supported an expedition
headed by DIR. William H. Sherzer. pro-
fessor of natural science at the State Nor
NAL College, Ypsilanti. Mich, to explore
the glaciers for scientific data. A full re-
port Of the expedition after the working
out of many observations and drawing of
valuable conclusions. is just published in
the series of Smithsonian Contributions
to Knowledge"
This series of contributions includes
publications most vital to the purpose for
which the institution works. 1.-The increase
and diffusion of knowledge among men"
Through II have bean given to the world
the results of original researches contain
ing new facts and conclusions at the time
of their publication not known to the SCI
entific world.
In the report Of Dr. Sherzer are album
dant original data and observations on
glacial origin and action Five glaciers
are described-the Victoria and Wenk-
cnemna glaciers in Alberta and the Yoho
Asulkan and the great Illecllewaet dis
covered in 1888. in British Columbia
Climatic Extremes, -.
They are in a region of climatic ex-
tremes. thermometers having recorded as
high as ITO degrees az Griffin Lake and
as low as 10 degrees below zero at Cal
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1908-02-09
Almoners of Jewry.

From the Jewish Chronicle.
There are many who lean too much upon
the charitable inclinations OF the Roths-
child family. 1t seems sometimes to be
taken for granted in certain quarters that
IL any Jewish charity is in want the
Rothschilds will assuredly not let 1t fall
to the ground. / do not ask the Roths.
childs to give less, but do ask others to
give more. 1t would not solve the prob.
lens OF the charities IL the Rothschilds
were to give everything. They give from
a sense of duty, and the same duty applies
to US all. according to our means.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1908-02-09

familiar one. But in a choice of evils the
lesser is. if possible. always chosen. The
nation of shopekeepers'' hates shopping
as far the male portion of the COM
munity is concerned. AS regards the
woInen-but that is another story. 1t
must not be inferred from the foregoing
that all British windows are very clever
ly dressed or that fortunes are being con-
tinually amassed on cut prices. Although,
as result of competition. natural de-
veloDment and the influence of the trade
press. the art of display has advanced
considerably in recent years. there Is still
room for Improvement. Still, the out
line above suggests the theory held more
or less vigorously Cor weakly and more
or less consciously by practically all shop
keepers. Most outfitters aim at giving
uniform value rather than. like the
drapers. hold an occasional massacre OF
prices. The outf1tters who hold regular
annual or bi-annual sales are still in a
minority. though it must be admitted
their number is increasing. The slower
changes of fashion in mems goods render
clearance sales less imperative than in
the drapery trade. Besides. though men
may be equally keen on getting their stuff
as cheaply as possible, they are more
suspicious of bargains than women are.
In some cases. however. Outfitters are
practically obliged to hold bargain sales
In order to compete with neigbboring
drapers who run mems wear depart
ment with varying degrees OF efficiency.
Particularly in the smaller towns do out
filters feel the competition Of the draper.
Because the smaller town. the more sales,
in proportion. can be effected by introduce
ton While selling dress length or a
pair OF blankets to the wife it is easy for
the willy draper to insinuate his views on
the subject of a shirt or suit for her
husband:
The Scotch Tallyman.
In the rural districts this principle is
carried to it's extreme limit and prosecuted
with the utmost vigor of an unconquered
~""- tn" Scotch draper. tallyman. or
Johnny Fortnight" as he is termed in
I. .ernacuiar. abounds and fourishes
nightly In every English county He
calls everywhere. There is no hamlet
which knows him not. And wherever two
or three are gathered together in an inn
there is Mr.. Packman" in the midst of
them. Wherever there is an order to be
extracted or shilling to be collected,
Mac, with his genial face and hearty man.
ner. Is sure 10 be on the spot He usually
offers goods on credit at the. rate of pay
ment of one shilling week per each
pounds worth of goods supplied. Terms
vary considerably. of course. but these are
| the average. Years ago the ''packman:'
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1908-02-09
Signs Of Longevity.
From the Philadelphia Record.

I'm the medical world said we'll
known veteran doctor of Tioga yesterday,
lit is a generally accepted fact that every
person bears physical indications of his
prospects of long or short life. A long
lived person may be distinguished from a
short-lived person at sight. In many in
stances physician may look at the hand
Of patient and tell whether he or she
will live or not. The primary conditions
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1908-02-09
A Friendly Deadlock.
From the Atlantic

From the Atlantic.
When people are killed, when property is
wrecked We have nothing to say. 1t is
for the management to figure out reasons
and remedies. OF course, as individuals
We are interested and sorry when acct
dents happen, but personally we do not
bestir. ourselves, nor do we call upon our
organizations to bestir themselves in the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1908-02-09

could often be seen trudging along coun-
try roads with his pack on his back. Now,
however. the ''packman' has almost or
quite disappeared Instead of tramping
with pack. he drives round with
samples. He has substituted for sbanks'
pony smart horse and dog cart or
wagonette. He seldom keeps shop, but
has a stockroOm. where he stores his
goods in his private house. His regular
rounds may extend for radius of twenty
or thirty miles. and his occasional excur-
sions to a much greater distance.
The British tailor and outfitter feels the
competition of the Scotch draper more
than formerly. because of the general de-
velopment of the weekly payment system
and because the tallyman works the
towns as well as the rural districts more
keenly than ever. Moreover. the Scot
has always the tempting bait of credit to
offer openly, while most shopkeepers
strive to disguise whatever credit business
virtue Of cash trading even if they have
1t not Shopkeepers in many small coun-
try towns, however. manage to maintain
their ground against the tallyman partly
by keeping a well-assorted stock OF goods
ready-to-wear and partly by giving bet
ter value. than the credit diapers. By
Individual attention to customers. espe-
cially on market days. much custom from
outlying villages. hamlets and solitary
farms is caught and retained. And though
va
distant towns may be touting for orders
in the market and in the hotels, the out
filter who has his window suitably dress
ed and knows how to handle customers
when they come in can usually hold his
own. One of his chief advantages lies
in the fact that he can offer larger
selection of patterns for bespoke (custOm)
as we'll as his whole stock of ready-made
goods, while the travelling touts. usually
carry only a few punches Of patterns in
handbag.
Farmers as Buyers.
Farmers, as a rule. are buyers of good
material They are too shrewd to have
cheap stuff. Readymade clothing is re-
garded by some Of them with a kind of
superstitious horror. The hard wear they
give their clothing makes it necessary for
them to have reliable material and sound
Workmanship. And the question Of fit
and cut is by no means an unimportant
one in the modern farmers mind. He
will pay from E3 to "a ($15 to 500 for a
suit made to measure. Brooches, or
pantaloons, worn with leather leggins are
LIZ possible more popular than ever in
agricultural districts.
The average price for these garmentS
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1908-02-09
ENGLISH RETAIL METHODS
UNIFORM VALUES RATHER
THAN MASSACRES OF PRICES.
Johnny Fortnight" With His
Credit Plan, Omnipresent-His
House His Stockholm.
From the Haberdasher.

From the Haberdasher.
Progressive Englishmen are usually in
terested in transatlantic methods There
fore 1t may be assumed that the alert
American mind is not indifferent to the
methods of English retailers. The ques-
ton whether the American haberdasher
or the English outttter is the smarter
man Is one which the following sketch
does not attempt to answer The present
aim is merely to throw a few fitfuI CLEANS
or light on the tactics of English shop
keepers for the perusal of their fellow
tradesmen in America engaged in the
same noble calling. We are all anxious
TO do more business. The perpetually
perpleXing and all-engrossing problem for
thi: majority IS: How TO do II. ShOpkeep-
ers in the old country depend on two
chief trade pullers-window display ana
personal solicitation. Neither newspaper
nor circular advertising is utilized to its
fuH extent There is more than one
reason for this. which I sha ii not now dis
cuss- The average English clothier's prin-
cipal agent In gaining business being a
Well-dressed window. the resultant Gus
tom Is consolidated and increased by
clever craftsmanship in the shop. Further.
the retailers hold on his connection OBJ
tanned through the medium of the window
is strengthened by his giving good value
for money. The same cause also operates
of course to spread his reputation by
means of personal recommendation. which
still remains for the ordinary trader by
far the most powerful method of adver-
tisemert known.
Dislike Strange Shops.
Once an Englishman is attracted to a
shop and we'll served he will, in nine
cases out of ten. patronZe that same
shop again. Most Englishmen dislike
entering strange store. Not that they
have any great love for entering
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1908-02-09

ing TO this belief every henous crime
might be committed under that cover; the
distant hypnotiZer could inflict pain and
suffering on his enemy, and could misuse
the innocent as instruments of his GRIM
inal schemes"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1908-02-09

VIE most accessible glaciers on
the North American continent
lie in the southwestern part of
Canada. Just over the United
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1908-06-18

line drive on the short bounce. when
he had every reason TO make II look
hard and let IL go by.
"Shut up" yelled the bleachers at
Cobb WHEN he started kicking over
called strike in Detroits eighth. The
crowd IL getting next TO the suspen-
sion stun in rapid style.
Matty Mcintyre has made a careful
study Of the carroom shots OF the LETT
fence and IL likely to get mishty
drive hits the barrier hard enough.
The Tigers had So bats--count 'em.
52--acording to the Official census OF
little Ward. the bat boy. as they took
rhe field. and the sticks made an i'm
posing array. spread out on the beau
tiful sward
The pitchers' union Lapparenti.l
gotten next to Mr.. Fox, late of Mem
phis. He started out like a pea green
meteor. hit two or three safe ones to
right field and lapsed into desuetnce
Veteran rooters were shocked by the
sight of c. Schmidt. madly futteTing
his meat hand after coiliding with a
foul tip The durable catcher AZ times
manifests constituencies TO pain that -
almost human.
/ Mcintyre started the game by get
ting one OF Dygert's fast ones In the
soft part OF. the leg. but steadfastly
7 adhered 10 tradition and didn'te rub
| the afflicted portion OF hts anatomy
before he attained first base.
! Incidentally. the Athletics wasted
| but one hit this being Harry DAVIS
| double In the eighth. Two were QUE
OF the assembled multitude which had
begun to foresee a tie score.
When Schaefer plays short stop we
conclude that that is the place where
he shines with the most luster. How
ever. similar opinions have been regis