davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1908-04-18

! contents OF one tube section, yet none
! of the water is lost.
! Imagine the novel sights and sensa-
! mariners on board the Alps canal beats.
! Passing always through tube sections,
! their voyage up and down the APPS will
| be as through lorg. dim-lt sewers-out
! into delightful GASES Of greenery and
! scenery. snug little lakes locked in by
cr3gS and peaks. These are the inter-
/ Vening reservoirs.
| For bizarre novelty men will take tour
! list trips through these 'interminable
| tubes.
| You see you will not feel that your
! boat IS being drawn over water surface.
| which you see before you. in the usual
way. 1t will not be like a canal-boat
| trip through Paris sewers.
Oh. no. Suppose you are going up
| the Alps from the Italian side. You enter
"A tube section. When the lock is closed
| behind YOU what do you perceive in front
! of your canal boat? Water? No. You
| feel that the boat lies on water. In front
| of YOU you perceive long elipse-en
of water very shallow at its far edge
and beyond it dry stretch OF floor and
| walls and ceiling. rising, rising to a
point OF far-off light,
| You won't feel you are sliding over
| water in a boat Ahead you'll see the
! high-pitched walls descending to you,
I sliding past you. The water point in
front continually swirls. Behind you,
boat is d black stretch of canal water
to which the dark roof descends in black
/ nesS.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1908-04-18

of their great diameter, but when YOU
build a tubular canal YOU have a small
diameter Observation-Disclosures cores
ponding CheapnesS everywhere, even to
economy of water.
lima CINE cylindrical tube filled with
water and held vertically explains Sen
atOr Colombo. The water-plane at it's
top will be circular. Slant the tube
and the water-plane. while remaining
horizontal, assumes an elliptical form
the more elliptical the more the tube
itself les slanting toward the horizontal.
Try il with "a long, slim glass of
water. half full. You'll see.
Now. if you let out the water from
the bottom of the slanting tube con-
tinues the Italian senator, "a body float
ing on its elliptical water-plane will de-
scend with it, following two simulta-
neous movements downward and for
ward"
Any one can grasp that. Now for the
remainder.
And if you fill an empty slanting
tube (by pouring water into 1T from
above, of courSe). the elliptical water
plane will mount in thanking the
greater horizontal progress the more the
tube itself lies toward the horizontal.
From this simple idea Peter Caminada
has his tubular canal lock. double-track
inclined canal and canal tunnel of re-
strcted slant and diameter
In an ordinary canal the surface of
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1908-04-18
AGEoRGE7RE85Y

my mother is a fortune teller. and | am
the youngest of eleven children, all boys.
With the execution of my eldest brother
we We're all handed over when quite
young to specialist doctor, to be made
cripples. None of died, but ] have
known many of the children in my vii
lage to be killed by the torture they had
to undergo. We used to earn a lot of
money. but cripples have increased so
rapidly in Spain of late years that we
older ones decided to emigrate to France.
We have only been here three days and
our takings have been very good, but now
the police have decided to eXpel us"
AS a matter of fact, the very next day
the whole party of cripples. men and
women alike were taken by the police
back to the Spanish frontier NJ. Berry
adds that these cripples go in couples. as
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1908-04-18

the water constitutes a plane over which
the canal boat can and must be drawn
at cost of motive power.
In this tubular canal the rising or de-
scending water constitutes the plane
The tube may be slanted AS you please:
the elliptical water surface ALWAYS re-
mains horizontal. Floating it the
canal boats will rise and descend with
out motive power or special appliances.
You see?
Working the Tubes.
Two slanting intersections always lay
beside each other. parallel and coupled
One serves for the rising boats, the
other for the descending boats. In COM
mon they have the up-and-down-stream
crossing reservoirs and supply reservoirs
at different levels.
"One of the intersections is full" says
the Italian senator. Its twin parallel
section is empty. At the top of the
full section enters canal boat. ready to
descend. Into the bottom of the empty
section enters canal boat ready to
mount
appropriate locks are closed. BY
appropriate communications, water from
the full section enters the empty one,
and the two boats respectively rise and
descend. approaching each other each in
its own tube. until the level of the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1908-04-18

man and wife, and doubtless their
wretched offspring are subjected to the
same torture as they themselves were.
Another well known type of Partisan
beggar is the man who shams an cpl
leptic fit or st. Vitus' dance. M. Berry
tells his experience of young man who
appeared to be afflicted with the latter
malady in its most distressing form. 1t
was last October in the Champs Elysaes
The poor fellow was painfully making his
way along. jumping now on one leg, now
on the other. his body being so shaken
by each movement that he made, that the
perspiration was pouring from his face.
Finally he sank upon a seat. quite ex-
hausted.
In spite of my compassion" says the
French deputy. Il could not help noticing
that the intirm youth every now and
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1908-04-18
INVITING . 7N1HTHI

spectaeles. Take. for instance. the two
brothers who used to walk-and possibly
still dC-the Rue Monge and Boulevard
ST German. One had acquired the
as he hobbed along The other dragged
his leg after him. They had both been
wounded in battle" and their earnings
We're twenty Ia twenty-five francs day.
They were so thrifty that they even
turned Ia account the slices of bread
which charita BILE folk would give them.
Shows Sham Amputated Leg.
Other besgars throw the bread away
in disdain These. however. sold ii to an
agent" or. in other words, Il receiver
of stolen goods. ut Cligancourt who in
his turn had customers for it among
bourgeois who kept dogs
Still more curious is the case of an
ex-solcitor's clerk who lost his situa-
ton after borrowing five hundred francs
from his employers desk. This man. hav-
ing turned professional beggar, parades
an anputated leg through the streets of
Paris for nine months in the year AS
soon as July comes he starts for the
seaside III variety troupe of. which he
is a star dancer ON stills. The eX-So-
licitors clerk las net a character for
respecta bility TO maintain like "A con-
frere who works regularly the great
and lives in dignined ease at Asnieres,
where he is generally considered to be
something at the ministry of Justice
There are. of course. swarms of sham
cripples at Paris. but there are also real
ones. victims of the most fiendsh bru-
tality, as the following absolutely au-
thentic incident will show: Some time
ago friendly official of the prefecture
of police gave NJ. Berry warning of the
arrival from Spain of about one hundred
CulS-de-iatte. the French call GRIN
Piles who. having lost 10th legs the
use of them. drag themselves along
kind of large bowl. They had come
up for the famous Gingerbread fair. and
We're to be found located in and about
the Place du Trone. NJ. Berry hurried
thither and found that the band had al
ready received notice from the police to
quit French territory.
Crippled by Their Parents.
One of the party could speak French.
and this is what he told NJ. Berry:
MY father plays barrel organ and
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1908-04-18
Special Correspondence Of The Star.
PARIS. April


- ONE kings do good things for
their people.
When the present King of
~ Italy. short-Iegged awkward.
garic-smelling. sought wife
almost in vain. the smiling world could
not know he would turn out the far
seeing leader of a waking race even in
business sense.
We could not know that ItaIv.s fnan-
res. Industries and banks would Heap
into prosperity at his touch; that he
alone would recognize the agricultural
genius of supposed crank American
| mention David Lubn-and keep him
for adviser while persuading al the
nations to his institute
Nor could we dream that Victor
Emmanuel III would at this hour he put
ting the last touches to an engineering
enterprise that is to revolutiou:za Eu-
ropean freights in favor of Italians.
1t Is so sudden. strange. indeed and
seemingly outrageous that we might
think it dream-were not the King
of Italy behind il. In a word Il is the
worlds freight dream of an inclined
canal.
The world has always wanted an in
clined canal Boats would ride down it's
current without cost Of motive power:
hut how construct it? And how get
the boats back:
An Unknown Genius.
This one will take canal boats over
the great Alps from Genoa to the Rhine
by Lake Constance Its construction
will lie done with queer rapidity FOR
such a seemingly vast work. The
amount of water needed by it Will be
strangely small And the power 20 take
the boats up will be all gratis. ;.,itural
hydraulics. the old device of ;he sim
pie canal lock.
AS with agricultural David ubin
Victor Emmanuel recognized these mar
wells in the plans of an unknown genius,
the Italian engineer Peter Calninada.
who has heretofore worked most in
South America. Senator Colombo. who
is the king alter ego to push the canal
of the Alps through the Italian parlia-
ment. began by laying it before the
ancient. honorable Academia dei Lyn-
informa ton.
"A freight canal over the Alps" says
Senator Colombo. 1T would not suffice
to handle enough traffic to make il pay:
its construction would be endless in
time. labor. expense, engineering diff
Guilty: the mere moving of the boats
would be too costly-but for Peter Cam
inada's idea of genuius. 1t is tubular"
Win tne WOTu IuDu1iT, Ile ulll'ul-
ties disappear. No one has ever built a
slanting canal. What endless water sup
ply would it not require? What endless.
gently sop.ng, zig-zag cuttings could
lead ii slowely enough down the APPS
even shutting our eyes to the laugh
able absurdty of getting the boats UP
it?
Yet this tubular solution is as free
from slow slanting as it is free from
horizontal planes of actual canals.
iS NJ steep
it can make in order to obtain short
cuts Its water will not dash out, over
flowing 1t will carry beats up as cheap
as il carries boats down. 1t cuts. at us
VARYING advanta geouS slantS both great
and small across all kinds of accidents
of surface.
The Tubular Canal.
1t goes over a ravine. 1t tunnels
Short distance not to make a detour
around small peak. Now, tunnels cost
too much for ordinary canals, because
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1908-04-18

~ ONE kings do good things for
their people.
when the present King of
- Italy. short-legged awkward.
glrlil.- Srnellinn rnr1nht ,,,ifo
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1908-04-18

water Is the same in each. Then the
water communication is cut off
And what them" everybody asks.
1t is still quite simple. To make the
down going boat continue to descend the
rema inder of the water is let out the bot
tom of it's tube section
1T is not lost water explains Peter
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1908-04-18

Caminadn at feeds the next tube sec
ton lower down. and so on. always. To
make the up-bOund boat continue rising
Its tube section ihalf filed Is completely
filled with Ike waste water from above.
This permits the simultaneous move
ment up and down CT two canal boats ar
an expense of water equal to half the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1908-04-18
Special Correspondence of The Star

PARIS, April =. 1908.
4 is pretty well known in Amer1-
u ca, France. and particularly
Paris. is the happy hunting
ground of the vagabond and the
.,,ondicant The heggarS OF this
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1908-04-18

One of the party could speak French,
and this is what he told NJ. Berry:
My father plays a barrel organ and
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1908-04-18
The Tubular Canal.

1t goes over ravine- 1t tunnels a
Short distance. not to make detour
around small peak Now, tunnels cost
too much for ordinary canals, because
Los Angeles herald., 1908-03-29
@EoGA

is to be used for moulding. This metal Is
poured upon the sides Of the mould in order
tliat the latter, filling slowly from the bottom
to top, may drive before 1t the air that oc-
cupies tho very small interstices left by the
FORMS When the mould is full OF fusible
metal the whole (table, moulding and mould
ia allowed to cool.
After the metal has hardened the moulding
and forms are raised slight distance above
tho table and tho forms, being driven out,
fall into the place that they previously occu-
pied in the mould, and the latter is then ready
to receive another mass of metal. The cake or
metal obtained Is then cut by band saw 20
the exact dimensions that the radiator must
have in oruer to fit into the frame. Afterward
the front and back surfaces are planed ana
the moulding becomes the cathode, which.
with the anode, will permit OF obtaining the
electrolytc radiator.
The anode is formed follows: In thin
franc containing molten metal are arranged
two plates OF cast iron containing small holes,
the spacings of which correspond to the center
of the cells OF the cathode. In these holes,
which are superposed, are placed small rods
of rose copper. The mass of metal Is allowed
to cool and there is thus obtained comb of
which the teeth are formed by the copper rods.
The positive pole Of battery having been
connected to the anode and the negative to the
cathode the whole Is plunged into a bath of
suiphate of copper. The battery current is of
low voltage and the liquid is set in motion by
a pump and maintained at a constant tenn
perature
The piece with open sides as 1t comes from
the bath is progressively inserted into stove
of which the temperature is higher than that
of the melting point of the cathode The lat
ter therefore flows out and there is thus OBJ
tained a perfect piece of which the interior
walls are as smooth as those which are visi-
BILE The radiator is now finished and all that
remains to be done is to mount 1t in its frame
Los Angeles herald., 1908-03-29

with a slower piston motion than at
present.
At the same time a free engine would
permit of better control of the machine
in the midst of congested traffic with
d much greater degree of safety to the
rider as we'll as to the public.
The momentum of the wheel, COM
bined with that of the engine, makes 1t
difficult to stop suddenly. and to start
again it Is often necessary to pedal to
get up sufficient momentum to throw
the engine over under compression.
With a free engine the clutch could be
automatically thrown out when the
brakes are applied, as in automobiles,
and The wheel started without the use
of pedals. In fact. a properly con-
structed motor wheel would have no
more need of pedals for its propulsion
than an automobile has.
Such a wheel as the suggested i'm
proVements would give would be more
efficient when additional weight had to
be carried, as the rider would not be
handicapped with the effort of pedal
ing while at the same time his efforts
had to be exerted in balancing or hold
ing on a load.
The surprising demand for motor
wheels is not due to a fad, but to the
fact that hard men of business sec in
them the means of sending a man TO a
given place in much less time than can
be accomplished with any other means
of transportation.
Efficiency Is Shown
An instance of the efficiency of the
motor wheel van was given recently in
Fresno at the time of the automobile
show held there.
George Bill of Los Angeles offered to
demonstrate to a merchant of that city
that with a competent rider the van
Los Angeles herald., 1908-03-29

would replace four quick service deliv-
cry teams and do the work more satis-
factorily.
The test was made and the van did
all that was claimed for it and was
through work at 5, when the usual time
for the teams to finish their work was
o'clock or I.
The item of stabling is also one wor-
thy of consideration, as the motor
wheel van takes up little room and does
not need especial arrangements for 1t.
as horses and teams do, and time be-
tween the stable and place of business
is saved.
The difference in the operating ex-
pense for the motor wheel and horse
drawn vehicles is out of all proportion,
and the saving in salaries of the driv-
ers would soon pay for the initial eX-
pense of installation of the motor.
The mistake that some firms have
made in trying to use motor wheels for
commercial purposes is that they have
tried to put a small boy on the wheel
to do a mans work, and the eonse-
quence was that the wheels were in
constant need of repairs and the use of
them was lost for a considerable part
of the time. With a competent man to
ride, one who takes proper care of his
wheel. which care is neccssitated by the
complication of the mechanism, the
difference in the efficiency of motor
wheels as compared with horse-drawn
carts or bicycles is so much greater
that any conservative business man
who will make an impartial investga-
tion of the motor wheel as a CONNER
cia. vehicle must come to the conclu-
sion that it is practical, economical and
progressive.
Do not fail to visit HOTEL GREEN
In Pasadena. California.
Los Angeles herald., 1908-03-29

The road continues up the canyon
until it reaches point nine miles from
Upland and near the level of the pines,
so that a short climb will take one to
them.
In the season trout can be caught
in the stream, and for a picnic ground
for either a small or large party the
place is unexcelled without going a
much greater distance.
There is an abundance of water and
timber, and no objection is made to
camping parties so long as they COM
ply with the few simple regulations
that have been made for the protection
of the timber.
The San Gabriel canyon is also beau
tiful and easily reached. but at pres
ent the road is almost impossible on
account of the boulders that have
washed down by the recent rains
The water is deep. too. and unless a
car sets high from the ground and has
ample protection from shorting the
electric circuits 1t is a long, hard task
to run a car very far up the canyon
at present.
Los Angeles herald., 1908-03-29
RADLA TORS OF
NEW DESIGN
HOW ELECTRoLYTic APPARATUS
is MANUFACTURED
Method of Construction Explained,
Showing Advantages to Be De-
rived from Non-Porous Cop
per Device Just Out

Until now honeyeomb radiators have been
formed OF short tubes of square sections
placed side by side with slight space inter-
vening. and their edges Joined by solder.
Sometimes the body OF the tube has been
shrunk by corrugation or otherwise instead of
the ends being expanded, or hexagonal end
has been swaged on round tube.
In the new honeycomb radiators manufac-
tured by the French Society of Eleotroytic
Radiators these apparatus are, as their name
implies, obtained by depositing copper through
electrolysis upon cathode having the form
and dimensions of the radiator desired The
cathode, which is formed of a metal of low
melting point. is afterward destroyed by sim
pie fusion and leaves In its place the passages
for water or steam. These radiators of nom
porous copper of equal thickness at all points
and of tenacity great that tho blow of
hammer upon the extremities of the tubes
suits merely in bending the metal without
tearing it, are manufactured follows:
BY means of forms of hexagonal section and
slightly conical is constructed in frame of
the shap of the radiator to be obtained the
core of mould. This mould is placed upon
n table, the marble top of which is raised to
a temperature higher than that of the melting
Point of the fusible alloy Of tin and lead that
Los Angeles herald., 1908-03-29

In this way it is expected that the
nature of the soil will be so changed
in a year or two as to make 1t excel
lent material for road building. He
plans to make two or three expert
ments along this line. One road proba-
bly, will be constructed near Brecken-
ridge and the other in places where
similar conditions exist. Local authori-
ties have found 1t practically impossi-
bic TO build roads in sandy soil where
no clay. gravel or broken stone can be
obtained. except at an expense so great
q to make it out Of the question, and
it is for the .urposc of finding means
of building roads under such condi-
tions that the experiments will be
made. The federal public roads au-
thorlties have become interested in the
plan and will assist to the extent of
paying a part of the expense. The To-
cal authorities of the district in which
the roads are to be built will be asked
to provide a superintendent for the
work who will carry out the plans of
the engineer.
Los Angeles herald., 1908-03-29

Do not fail to visit HOTEL GREEN
In Pasadena. California.
Los Angeles herald., 1908-03-29

in a day. The road to Upland is easily
followed, as it is marked all of the way
with the club signs. At Upland
Euclid avenue is taken to the north,
and where the road branches at the
hill the left hand branch is taken over
the hill and followed to the power
house. All of the way the road is eX-
cellent and the grade averages per
cent. not exceeding u at any time.
From the power house up it is a toll
road and a nominal toll is charged. The
stream which has in it several hun
dred inches of water is crossed and re-
crossed several times. but as all of the
crossings are bridged there is no
trouble whatever on account of the
wafer
Los Angeles herald., 1908-03-29

the same time he gives them enough
thrills to make any of his trips MEM
orable.
One of his favorite haunts is San An
tonic canyon and a more lovely spot
within easy reach of the city would be
hard to find.
In the summer time Vaughn and a
party of friends make frequent week
end trips to nearby canyons, return
ing Sunday afternoons or even on Mon
days. Last Sunday with a party of
five Vaughn went to San Antonio can
yon for the day, and his description
of the days outing creates strong
desire to go and do likewise.
The road is good and not too long to
be made comfortably with a return trip
Los Angeles herald., 1908-03-29
WOULD PLANT CLOVER
TO MAKE GOOD ROADS
Engineer Will Experiment with
Glover Crops PloWcd Under to
Improve Sandy Road
ways

a peculiar experiment is about to be
made in Minnesota by George w.
Cooley. engineer and secretary of the
state highway commission. He has Sc
cured the cooperation of the public
road office at Washington and the
bureau of plant industry in his plans
for experimenting in the construction
of roads in sand districts. Cooley's
plan is to plant clover in the road and
along the sides for some distance and
when the clover attains good growth
and before it begins to dry, to cut it
and mix it with sand in the roadway.
Los Angeles herald., 1908-03-29

<knATHFINDING motorist" de-
scribes William C. Vaughn as
u well as any term that can be
found.
With love of adventure and travel
he is always on the lookout for some
little known path and essays many
trips that have heretofore been made
only with horse-drawn vehicles.
A favorite diversion of his is to take
out his trusty Northern and pilot a
party of four or five into the hills or
out on the desert to some place rarely
visited. His ability as a driver brings
his passengers through with safety and
the largest degree of comfort, while at