davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Bowbells tribune. [volume] (Bowbells, Ward Co., N.D.) 1899-1969, 1908-08-14
BACK FROM THE COAST.

Charlie Guerdett Returns After Nearly a
Years Tour Of Washington State and
Coast Country Generally, and Now Be-
Iieves More Than Ever in the Future OF
the BowbeIis Country. e
After a years stay in Washington
and other parts of the coast country,
Charlie Guerdett returned Tuesday
morning to Gods country, and his de-
light at getting back was clearly de-
picted in his always handsome counte-
nance, which was beaming over with
joy--pure joy. Charlie called at The
Tribune Office later in the day and told
US something of the country he had
seen and gave US his impressions of
the same. He spent most of the time
during his absence in the state of
Washington. and although he had
travelled much, still his stamping
ground was for the most part in and
about Chelan; in the central north part
of the state and on the Columbia river,
wnere the business of fruit growing
takes precedence over all others,
though the country is still backward
owing to the fact that they have no
railroad communication. Once a rail-
road is built in, however, he thinks it
will at once become one Of the great
est fruit growing sections ofthe state
and the price of lands, already horribly
exorbitant, will 60 sky-ward and far
away beyond the reach Of people of
even ordinary means. Citing for our
benefit an instance of present values,
Charlie produced local paper pub
lished in Chelan and pointed to us q
news item showing transaction to
which he was witness and which took
place on the first day of this month,
where . 20-acre orchard was sch to 2
lady recently arrived from Wisconsin
at. cash price of $2,4O0 per acre.
This is goin' som, Ell? Up the river
SO miles farther. in the Okpnogan
Valley, the country for general farm
ing purposes is said to be superior to
that about Chelan, and there s3tuite q
move in that direction, though pthing
to what it would be were
there . Fail5road in Her e..
The climate generally is fine, hut, as
Charlie puts it,''''it gets godawfu3 hot, 4 \
50 much 60 that . man Injured 1o this
climate could not. vel stand the Intense
heat, which for several days.in stcces-
sion last week md week fore regis
tered 112 degrees il, the shade. This,
The Bowbells tribune. [volume] (Bowbells, Ward Co., N.D.) 1899-1969, 1908-08-14
DISTRICT JUDGES.

1st District-C. F. Templeton. Grand
Forks, no opposition.
End District-John F. Cowan, Devils
Lake.
3rd District-C. A. Pollock, Fargo,
no opposition.
4th District-Frank P. Allen, Lisbon,
no opposition.
5th District-W. F.. Burke, Valley
City, no opposition.
9Th District-W. H. Winchester, Bis
marck.
9TH District-W. J. Kneeshaw, Penn
bina, no opposition,
9th District-E. B. Goss, Minot.
9th District-J. C. Adamson. A. M.
Christianson.
10th District-W. C. Crawford, Dick
inson.
The Bowbells tribune. [volume] (Bowbells, Ward Co., N.D.) 1899-1969, 1908-08-14
How to Make it Easy.
published by Request.)

G. published by Request.)
If you wake up feeling bad,
Scold your wife;
If the weather makes you sad,
Scold your wife;
If your collar bottom slides
Into some dark nook and hides,
As you move with angry strides, #
Scold your wife.
If the coffee's cold or flat,
Scold your, wife;
If your chop has too much fat,
Scold your wife;
If you chance to get your sleeve
In the butter do not heave
Soft sighs or in silence grieve
Scold your wife.
If your hat has gone astray,
Scold your wife;
If you're late upon the way, #
Scold your wife;
If the day brings any loss,
If you fail to please the boss,
Journey homeward feeling cross
Scold your wife.
Never mind what ills she bears
tS Scold your wife;
Add your own to all her cares
Scold your wife; d.
That's the way to get along;
She is weak and you are strong;
Every time q thing goes wrong,
Scod your wife.
Chicago Record -Heral
The Bowbells tribune. [volume] (Bowbells, Ward Co., N.D.) 1899-1969, 1908-08-14

The total increase to the roads in tax
alton at an average of about 81 per
cent for the total taxation will be
something over a hundred thousand
dollars. The board made no change in
the valuations of telephone lines in the
state except to assess the Fargo ex-
change at $4,000.
The Bowbells tribune. [volume] (Bowbells, Ward Co., N.D.) 1899-1969, 1908-08-14
MURDERERs ARRIVE At Pen

Three Coid-Blooded Murderers Of Little
Alexandria Seidel and Her Uncle in Bot
tineau County, Are Received in the
State Pen. Where Two Of them viii Be
Hanged February S.
bismarck Tribune, Aug. ~
Sentenced to hang at the state peni-
tent:ary at Bismarck Feb. S, Joe and
Chas. : Peltier, together with Little
Rising Sun, sentenced to serve the re-
mainder of his life in the state prison,
for the murder of the Seidels at Som
bre, Bottineau county, June 81, were
brought to Bismarck Wednesday noon
by Sheriff N. H. McKinnon and De-
puties R. H. Bond and H. Pinkermann
Of Bottineau county.
The crime for which they must suf-
fer was one Of. the most brutal in the
criminal history of the state. Beating
the Seidels, over the head with q rifle
barrel. they then endeayored to ere
mate the bodies, in which they were
partially successful, the head, arms
and limbs Of the girl being burned off.
while the body Of Seidel was rescued
from the flames before so badly
burned. 3 III
Little Rising Sun is q full-blooded
Chippe u years Of age. The his
tory Of his case was probably never
After being placed on trial
for the murder. Of Alexrandria Seidel,
(which he was acquitted, he entered
aplea of guilty the murde of +. w.
Seidel. s,s&s. . Al.
The Seidels resided at Sombre,
eighteen miles northwest Of Bottineau.
on their claim they maintained . little
store. in which the postofice was lo-,
Gated. The murderers were caught by,
posses three days after the crime was
committed.
The Peltiers bear every charactsristic
of criminals. Although young, Little
Rising sunshas the look :of . child of l2
years 81 age rather than . i desperate
crinlinll. The Psltiers,s degenerate
breeds, have 4 Q criminal history autii-
ciept tos send the1n Sc the penite ] ntiary.
The Bowbells tribune. [volume] (Bowbells, Ward Co., N.D.) 1899-1969, 1908-08-14
BOARD OF EQUALIZATION

IN Session at Bismarck Raises Railroad
Valuations in the State by $3,946, 74S,
Reduces Farm Valuations For Purposes
OF Taxation in Ward County From
S3.45 to S3.26 Per Acre.
Commissioner r. H. Emerson of
Minot, represented Ward county be-
tore the State Board Of Equalization at
Bismarck last week and succeeded in
getting the board to reduce the as
sessed valuation of farm lands in Ward
county from $S.45 par acre, as fixed
by the county commissioners, to 1928
per acre, which will make some little
difference in that item of our taxation
at least.
The board also agreed upon the as
sessment of railroad property in the
state for the ensuing year as $3S, O68,-
88l, an increase in the total valuation
of the roads in the state of $S,946, 748
over last year. The assessment was
agreed to by the Republican members
81 the board, led by State Auditor
Holmes, and the resolution fixing the
value of the roads was presented by
Attorney General McCue. The prin-
cipalS item Of increase IS on the main
lines Of the road. which are assessed
.at q valuation Of $40. 600 . mile for the
Great Northern and Northern Pacific
road and $500 q mile for the 500.
The total increase for the Great North
ern road is something like 81, 500, !, 600.
For the Northern Pacific is about
$3.50, 600, and there is a conside derabie in
crease on the 500 and Milwaukee.
VI The Great Northern is assessed at
s., ,260, 600 on its secondary main line,
like the Aneta branch, IS, 500, 900 on
its branch lines and $500, 900 on side
tracks. The double tracking is also
assessed 1t about 800, 600. As. s; 1;
The Northern Pacific is assessed at
$4, $50, 600 on its main line in the state,
s., ESQ, 900 on its main lines, $900. 600
on it's secondary main line, extending
from Grand Forks to Pembina, "A, 300,-
600 On its branch lines and $840. 600 on
side tracks. NJ s q sisi ii mi NJ
The 500 line is assessed at s.. $40, 600
on its main line, 81, 500, 900 on its branch
lines, and $lsO, 600 on side tracks. ss
The Milwaukee is assessed at 81, O75,-
nm an ita lines in the eastern mart Of
The Bowbells tribune. [volume] (Bowbells, Ward Co., N.D.) 1899-1969, 1908-08-14
VOTE OF STATE

As Compiled BY the State Auditor and
Showing Number Of Votes Cast For the
Various Candidates For United States
Senator, Congressman and State Off,
GERS On the Republican Ballot.
The Bowbells tribune. [volume] (Bowbells, Ward Co., N.D.) 1899-1969, 1908-08-14
Liabilities:

STOCK-Thi and paid
holders o
i o
his addition invested said
bank capital by Of $4,000
best men nth
Pfts-Surplu
set efor
a o
fund of 0isf ourc r
and added undivided profits of $46689
Add this fhe ock%oe1s liability SIS the
a o O. mus
ore can
guaranteed by deposit of Government bonds with the u S.
in
presensc
bills and isin the
form O Tim in Of
andp n
arymoney rs
n
$11O85O
The Bowbells tribune. [volume] (Bowbells, Ward Co., N.D.) 1899-1969, 1908-08-14

$ S* $=s S $ $ %$$ $$$ %$$
The Bowbells tribune. [volume] (Bowbells, Ward Co., N.D.) 1899-1969, 1908-08-14

FIRST NATIONAL BANK
Of fBowbem atuhe of fbusmes J
Resources: {:

DEMAND LQANS-H isl point with
demand and well
lOANS--Ths
chatle
in
demand
specified periods usually
Of ofo
toleatethis @ %
BONLS-These
bank
Pepss ss ce@ss1s %s%f E:o SAFE Inc 5000
and the foecloed
l104 As
tsof
t Nv a m e
deposits. Our follows + E
Cash 9th other banks subject to our check : 1%89
S. edemptnn o mu
cy)...:.
shonHa and -.--=-::
We aim % okeepour weAabo he so obea
The Ocala evening star., 1908-02-13
DUNNEILON

NJ. i. Calvin ger of the Dun
mellon Ice Works, spent part Of
Wednesday in Ocala on BUSINESS.
Walter Gamble paid Ocala Il visit
Friday
Alex MoOrhead returned to Ocala
Saturday. after spending several days
in this vicinity Establishing land
lines.
O. G Weston of Ocala, one of the
owners of the Dunnellon Ice Works
was in town Tuesday and Wednesday
on business.
Sam Petteway. one Of the most ex-
tensive dealers in naval stores and
lumber in the state. spent yesterday
in Jacksonville in the interest Of his
business He registered at the Ara
gOn and took a train in the evening
for home-Times-U Union I'd.
D. E. McIver, one of Ocala's most
prominent business men, was in the
city Wednesday looking after his in
terests. He left for Crystal River and
Homosassa Wednesday afternoon.
The new Atlanta Coast Line depot
is going right up and will soon be
completed. Contractor Baker is a
hustler and what he doesn't know
about his business wouldn't fill very
big boOk.-DunnellOn Advocate.
We do not see any signs of that long
promised and greatly needed Ocala
freight depot, however.
The Ocala evening star., 1908-02-13
A DEFAMATION OF DUNNELLoN
Vigorously Refuted oy Editor Peacock
of the Advocate

Attorney Don {. McMu,len of Tam
IA publishes an article in the Times
If that city. in the course OF which
he makes this exaggerated and un-
founded statement:
Yes, l say ii is melancholy news
to me that Marion is wet because |
DO not believe that any good can come
IF the saloon business. and il is mel
anchoiy news to me to know that the
votes Of the phOsrhate negroes of
Dunnellon have triumphed over the
tears and prayers Of the best mothers
Of the purest boys Of Marion county. ,
We desire to inform Mr. McMullen
that the above statement is absolutely
untrue and as baseless as it is unwar-
ranted by the facts in the case. He
makes an eSregiOuS ass of himself.
whether knowingly or not, when he
asserts that the votes of the Dun
Mellon negroes have triumphed," etc.
There were only Ill votes cast in
the Dunnellon precinct, 70 OF which
were wet and 80 dry. OF the 80 dry
about half were negro votes; Of the
- wet not more than 10 or IL were
negro votes. SO there appears no
need for so much mental anguish on
the part OF our Tampa friend over
the result as far as the Dunnellon
negro vote was a factor.
We hope Mr. McMullen will recover
from his fits of melancholy, for we
beg to assure him that Dunnellon is
in the van in the march Of progress
and prosperity, and is losing no sleep
nor indulging in sackclOth and ashes
over the 'baneful' Influences of the
saloon. -Assuage your grief. then, Mr..
Observation-Disclosures Advocate.
The Ocala evening star., 1908-02-13
FEMALE 6OOTLEGGER
CAUGHT At BIRMINGHAM

Birmingham, Ala. Fef 13.-Mabel
Brown. a roomer at th@NationaI no.
tel, one Of the chea pest hotels in the
city, was fined $50 and sentenced to
$50 days in Jail in the police court
yesterday on charge Of violating the
prohibition laws. A man named P.
Plass, who came here from Cunning
ham to purchase mules, was directed
to the woman's room to purchase Ii
quor, which he testified he bought. He
claims he lost over 5000 in money, but
accused no one Of 1t. He led the po-
lice to the room and pointed out a
trunk from which the liquor came, and
several bottles of the stuff were con-
fiScated
The Ocala evening star., 1908-02-13
cONCORDIA LODGE ". OF A.

ConcOrdia Lodge No. 181, Fraterna!
Union of America, meets fourth We'd
nesday Of every month, 1880 p. m. at
Yonges Hall. r. E. YOnge, F. M.
Chas. X. Sage. Secretary.
The Ocala evening star., 1908-02-13
KNIGHTS OF PYTHlAS

| ~ Conventions held every Mon
day evening in Castle Hall. over >Pey-
RS store. A cordial welcome to WIS.,
ting kings H. M. Hampton, G. c.
Chas. X. Sage, X. Of R. and s.
The Ocala evening star., 1908-02-13

II have suffered good deal with
malaria and stomach complaints, but
have now found a remedy that keeps
me well. and that remedy Is Electric
Bitters: a medicine that is medicine
for stomach and liver troubles. and
for run down conditions" says w G..
Kiestler Of Halliday, Ark. Electric
Bitters purify and enrich the blood,
tone up the nerves and impart vigor
and energy to the weak. Your money
will be refunded If it fails to help you.
Fifty cents at Tydings & Co.'S
The Ocala evening star., 1908-02-13
WILL CONTINUE BUSINESS

The Florida Electrical & Plumbing
Company has decided to continue their
business in Ocala and will be pleased
to bid on all work in their line. Per-
SONS entrusting business to this COM
pany will be assured Of prompt SER
vice, good work and reasonable
prices. Office at the Ocala Music Cos.
store.
The Ocala evening star., 1908-02-13
WORN OUT

That's the way you feel about the
lungs when you have had q hacking
cough. It's foolishness to let it go on
and trust to luck to get over it when
Ballard's Horehound Syrup will stop
the cough and cure the lungs. Price,
by the Anti-MOnopoly Drugstore.
The Ocala evening star., 1908-02-13
SPECIAL NOTICE

A fresh supply of cheap fresh groc-
cries and country produce at the low
est cash prices. Satisfaction guaran-
teed. Your patronage solicited A
d. Brooks. If
The Ocala evening star., 1908-02-13

Next regular monthly meeting will
be held Friday evening Feb. IA at 7.30
o'clock in Yonge's Hall visiting SOW
ereigns are always welcome.
G. w. Martin, G.
Chas. X. Sage, Clerk.
The Ocala evening star., 1908-02-13
OLD PAPERS FOR SALE

Old newspapers Tor safe. tied up in
bundles. Apply at Star office.
The Ocala evening star., 1908-02-13

Valentines at Fishels'.
The Ocala evening star., 1908-02-13
A VICTORY FOR TAFT
He Came Out Ahead in the Ohio
Primaries

Columbus Ohio, Feb, 13.-The net
result Of republican primaries thro'-
out Ohio yesterday was for William
II. Taft, four delegates at large and
twenty-five district delegates to the
Chicago convention and a list of del
egates to the state convention March
Sd. which will be unanimously in his
favor.
Bisbee daily review. [volume] (Bisbee, Ariz.) 1901-1971, 1908-01-21
EXTRA FURNACES AT
DOUGLAS SHELTERS
Copper Queen and C. & A,
Plan Large Increase,


That an extra reverbatory furnace
will be started today at the Copper
Queen smelter and that the G. & A.
smeiter will be running all furnaces
BY the last of the month, il not earlier.
is. the cheerful news which came from
the two big plants yesterday.
when asked concerning the rumor
CURRENT on the street yesterday that
the Copper Queen had ordered men to
report for the starting of another fur
mace today. Mr.. Lee said last evening
that the rumor was unfounded by facts
end thafhe supposed that it had come
from Che fact that they intended TO
start the reverbatory furnace. This, he
said, would in no way increase the
output Of the smelter and would In
crease the working force by only a few
men. AS far as the starting of any
more furnaces. he said ne had YET re
ceived 10 instructions.
A similar rllnor was afloat that the
c. & A. would start its Remaining
furnace next week, but Mr. Wood said
that it also was untrue When ques-
toned as to when the furnace would
be blown in, he replied that Il would
be in operation by The last of the
month. and asked if it might be start
ed before that time, - said that an
early starting was possible~-Douglas
Dispatch.
Bisbee daily review. [volume] (Bisbee, Ariz.) 1901-1971, 1908-01-21
DOUGLAS BRYAN CLUB


Nearly fifty staunch supporters Of
William Jennings Bryan, several of
waom nave known him personally for
many years. met last evening in Irene
| hall and effec.ed a temporary organi-
zation. to be known as the Bryan club.
The meeting was called TO order by
] Judge Neville, and he made short
talk. stating the purpose of the organ
/ izaticn and suggestin an outline of pro-
cedGre. Judge Neville's acquaintance
with Mr., Bryan dates back when the
latter was ibut four years of age. They
were school fellows together and later
Mr.. Bryan's father was circuit judge
In Illinois when Judge Neville was
practicing law there.
Judge Neville was made chairman Of
the temporary organization and C. A.
Taylor was elected secretary. A COM
mittee was then appointed. consisting
of Judge Mcdonald, Judge Neville, ].
E. Hall. Judge Ben Rice, and A. F.
Parsons, to act in securing names of
new members to the club between now
and the next meeting, the night Of
February l. The constitution and by
laws were read and adopted and after
the adjournment those present came.
forward and signed their names as
members.
The next meeting in two weeks viii
be in the nature of democratic rally.
Attorney A. F. Parsons will make the
address Of the evening and every eff
fort win be made by the members of
Of the committee to secure as large an
attendance at this meeting as possible.
A permanent organization will be eff
fected, regular officers being elected,
and the club will launch forth in the
interests of securing the nomination of
william Jennings Bryan by the demo
cratic party and later his election. The
leaders of the meeting last evening
disclaimed any intent on the part OF
the newly organized club TO take any
part in the coming local election. Sew
eTal even went SO far as to say that
they would not take the interest they
Bisbee daily review. [volume] (Bisbee, Ariz.) 1901-1971, 1908-01-21
'COCHISE COUNTY

Mrs. c. C. Fuller is visiting her
mother In Globe.
Mrs. Fred Miegel of Don Luis, who
has been seriously III for some time,
is now on the road to recovery.
Joseph Hargis, solicitor Tor the
Lowell branch Of the Copper Queen
store, is numbered among the sick to-
day.
Willis Dye has left Don Luis for
Mexico. where he viii remain for
some time.
Bisbee daily review. [volume] (Bisbee, Ariz.) 1901-1971, 1908-01-21
Lowell Personals.


James E. Brophy spent Sunday in
Douglas.
Mr.. and Mrs. George Wood return.
ed this morning from short visit to
Henry Wilson has returned from
visit with his father at the latter's
ranch, in ire Sulphur Springs valley.
A. j. Finnerty and William Gore
vile.
William Beatty, the well known
rancher, was up from the Sulphur
Springs valley today.
C. C. Word, of Hereford. is in Low
ell calling on acquaintance.
Rancher Pease was in Lowell today
from the Sulphur Springs Valley.
Mr.. and Mrs. James Wood of Doug
las were in Lowell today on their
way back to Douglas.
Doc Talcott of Cananea, is in
Lowell Mr.. Talcott was formerly
connected with the Shattuck and
DEM properties in the capacity of
master mechanic and is now in the
employment of the Cananea Packing
Company.
Claud Thee was in Naco yesterday.
William Stephenson OK Zacatecas,
Mexico, was in Lowell short time to-
day, the guest of an old acquaintance.
w. H. Holeombe was Sunday Wis
itor at Naco.
p A. Lagerfeldt was up from his
ranch in the Sulphur Springs valley
today on business.
Mrs. s. G. Smiley of near Naco. is a
guest of her mother, Mrs. William
Caughan, at Don Luis.
j. L. Cagel has moved his family
from the Johnson Addition to Don
Luis.
Bisbee daily review. [volume] (Bisbee, Ariz.) 1901-1971, 1908-01-21
ToRPEY is ATTACHED.

An attachment was levied yesterday
on the stock of goods in the r. j
Corpey market by the Copper Queen
store and the store was closed to bus
mess all day,
Several days ago Mr.. Torpey asked
for the appointment Of receiver for
his two stores, one in Bisbee and one
in Douglas, when Joe Krantz was ap
pointed by the court. The action OF
the Copper Queen store was resented
by Mr. Torpey and he and his attor-
ney, ]. F. Parson, went to Bisbee yes
terday afternoon to see Mr.. Brophy for
the purpose of having the attachment
removed.
The news of Mr.. Torpey's failure
comes as a great surprise to his many
friends and patrons, as all supposed
that he was enjoying very profit
able business. The purchase of the
Bisbee store was a losing venture
from the start, however, and proved
too mucn of stone for the Douglas
store to carry.-Duglas Dispatch.
Review Want Ads. Bring Results.
Bisbee daily review. [volume] (Bisbee, Ariz.) 1901-1971, 1908-01-21

did was there any such intention 9th
ers admitted that while it was not at
all the present intention Of the club
there was no telling what an enthu-
siastic political club of the kind would
do if sufficient interest in local poll
tics was awakened. Dispatch.
Bisbee daily review. [volume] (Bisbee, Ariz.) 1901-1971, 1908-01-21
DOUGLAS NEWS NOTES

douglas Dispatch.l
e, R. Carson arrived last night from
Globe
James Brophy came down from Bis
pee last night.
Mrs. stonehouse returned from Bis
bee last night.
Frank Cowles came down from Bis
bee to attend the show.
Miss Hartman came down from BIS
lee yesterday
There were many Bisbee people
down last night to take in the show.
Mrs. ]. C. Hammond is quite i'll at
her home on Fifteenth street.
DR.. L. B. Cary has returned from
his holiday visit at his old home in
Binshampton. New York.
c. A. Overlook left yesterday FOL
Moctezuma, Mexico, to look after ais
mining interests there.
B. B. Conway and B. NJ. Donaldson.
trayeling statesmen from El Paso
houses. well known in Douglas, are
having good time visiting friends in
the city.
Edgar Taylor of Duncan, Ariz., a
nephew of ]. A. Taylor. has come to
Douglas to make his home. having Sc
cured a position at the smelter.
Lewis Houlton of the firm of Houle
G Boulton. returned yesterday from a
vacation visit at his cd home in Mich
igan.
G. H Todd and Miss Edith Stowe
came in yesterday from the San Be-
nardino ranch for a visit with friends.
Harry Goldman of the St Louis Sal
wage company, who conducted the re
cent big sale at the J. G. Ewell store.
left yesterday morning, having finished
his work in Douglas. He goes to Hope,
Ark, 20 put on similar sale there.
Sam Dragoo, who has been a resi-
dent of Douglas for some time, left
yesterday for Durant, n. NJ, where
he has accepted a position in a ma
chine shop,
Judge Cass went to Ell Paso yester-
day on business and while there will
try and get an insight as to the
strength of the team which viii meet
the Douglas boys next Sunday.
Dicus brothers of Douglas purchased
yesterday the Zeigler fats on Fourth
street Of P. B. Zeigler of Tucson, who
came here few days ago to dispose
of his property here
Messrs. Thomas Collins and H. A
Strodhoff are spending the day duck
hunting on the Fronteras river in Mex
leo.
Major W. J. Schurz of San Francis
co is in Douglas representing a shoe
line Of San Francisco. Major Schurz
went out with the first regiment Of Cal
ifornia volunteers to the Philippine ISL
ands, in which service he acquired the
rank Of major. He has been to Doug
las many times and has a wide circle
of friends here.
Mr. and Mrs. W. R. Henry and fam
lily expect to leave within the next
few days for San Diego. Cal, where
they will spend the winter. Mr.. Henry
says the little folks in the family have
been in very poor health for some time
and it was for that reason that he de-
--C---