Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1908-02-19
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With view to encouraging officials
and .workmen on the Imperial German
Railways, the government has estab-
llshed a fund from which awards are
made to men who-invent any appliance
which may be useful in railway prac-
tice; $3.50 was paid. to employees last
year from the fund.
When traveller IL, the grand duchy
OF Baden wants to send telegram
while he Is on the train, he writes the
message on post card, with the re-
qtiest that 1t be wired, puts on d stamp
and drops 1t into the train letter box
AT the next station the box is cleared
and tile message sent.
Bacteria are short-lived upon metal
coins, the metal having certain anti
septic effect. The action Of gold Is less
marked In this respect than other met
ais The bacillus typhosus will live
from five to seven days upon gold
piece, but dies in less than eighteen
hours upon other metals.
It Is now demonstrated, according
to the Engineer, that the reason COPPER
and iron will not alloy is on account
Of the carbon that the iron absorbs
In melting. If the iron and copper be
melted together In IL clay crucible, so
that no carbon can be taken up, the re-
sulting alloy is perfectly homogeneous
and free from any separated nodules.
1t has long been recognized that va.
rious forms of dust, when mingled with
air In certain proportions, are capable
OF producing destructive explosions
when brought into contact with fame
This danger sometimes exists In flour
mills. A historic instance is the ex-
plosion of three -four mills at Mime
apolis in 1878. 1t was their demon.
strated, by experiment, that two ounces
of flour In two cubic feet Of confined
air, when ignited. would cause VIC
lent explosion, and it was calculated
that the contents OF n -four sack dis,
tributed through 1000 cubic feet OF
air would cause an explosion capable
of throwing weight of $500 tons to u
height Of 100 feet. Recently S f. Peck
han, has shown that any dust that will
burn may cause au explosion. An In.
stance Is known where sugar dust in a
confectionery factory caused an explo-
sion, and in another case dry soap dust
proved equally dangerous.
How hot is the suns surf.ce? This
long-disputed question receives new
answer from Prof. j. NJ. Sch,eberle of
the Ann krbor Observatory. Formerly
the effective surface temperature oil
the sun was estimated ut millions of
degrees. Then came a revulsion from
these extreme estimates, and lately the
tendency has been to place. the solar
tmperature as low as 5000 degrees Cen.
tigrade. Prof. Schaberle returns to
higher estimates. According to his
calculations, assuming the correctness
of Prof. Poynting's value for the abso-
lutte temperature of the Small black
particle" which serves as the basis of
calculation, the suns Temperature
would be9l2,000,0o0 degrees. But he
adopts another value for the black
particle, from which he deducea tenn
perature of 10000 degrees. Prof.
schnberle uses for his researches a
specially constructed rejecting tele-
scope Of two feet aperture and three
feet focus, which he describes MS '.by
fnr' the most powerful telescope for
this kind.5of work ever constructed
He promises additional facts and cal
culatIons. In the meantime 1t seems
best to say that we do not know how
hot the sun Is.