The Wenatchee daily world. [volume] (Wenatchee, Wash.) 1905-1971, 1908-05-16

A
the second. Three pounds OF arsenate |
of lead to fifty gallons, hand pump !
of low pressure, and Vermorel nozzles |
had been used. The Garrison orchard |
had been given the first spraying only, |
and in the same way as at Coxs or
chard Such cases show that If spray
ing is to be worth anything it must be
carefully done.
| "The western half, including ten |
acres, of the orchard of the late B. !
B. Holcomb was selected as q rep
resentative commercial orchard. The
largest part of this orchard was
sprayed but three times, the usual
second spray being omitted. The
marginal five rows around the orchard
were given four sprayings The dates
of the sprayings were May Is, June 20.
July % and August 25. In this Or
chard a number of trees were sprayed
with dust, in amounts varying from
one pound to thirteen pounds per ap-
plication. The object Of this busting
was to find out if even excessive
amounts of dust spray could produce
perfect fruit Finely screened dry
slaked lime, twenty parts, and Paris |
green, one part, formed the dust mix
ture. At picking time every one of
the busted trees had large proper
ton of badly distorted apples although
all were comparatively free from
worms. The amount of distortion was
directly proportional to the amount
of dust they had received. A tree
sprayed with thirteen pounds of dust
at the first spraying and five pounds
at each of the other three sprayings
| had more than one-half of its fruit
rendered unstable. A count was
made of a tree busted with 5:2:2:2
pounds at the various sprayings. Fiji
teen hundred and one good apples
were found, 1853 were so badly dis
torted as to be unstable, and six were
Wormy. No distortion at all was ap-
parent on the adjacent liquid-sprayed
trees. The abnormality consisted Of
a Woodiness of the skin, which was
often cracked deeply, after the man
ner of scorching from Bordeaux spray
ing. Many of the apples were soft
and decayed throughout their lower
half. The scorching obviously was
caused either by arsenic poisoning
from the Paris green or by dessica-
ton by the excess of lime. Apparent
ly it was induced at the first spraying
as it always manifested itself at the
calyX end first. After the first spray
ing many blossoms which were Sec
toned showed that the dust had pene-
trated beneath the crown of stamens
1t must be mentioned that the VIM
Turner orchard, where we obtained
the sifted dust mixture, was busted
in part the same material being used,
and in this orchard there was no
evident scOrching. The trees of this
place were busted with the usual
amount of about one-half pound to
each tree.
Some conclusions of the greatest
practical Importance can be drawn
from this seasons observations.
Briefly stated they are these. Practic-
ally every worm of the first brood at
tempts to enter the apple at the calyx
end. If every calyX cup is filled with
poison, practically every worm will
therefore be poisoned. There will
then be no second brood. But poison
can be put into the calyx cup only
within a few days after the petals
have fallen. If it is not done then
no amount of after spraying can force
a thorough coating of poison into the
CalyX end of the apple, and the ap-
pies will become wormy. This funda-
mental principle must be understood
if you wish success II tho foregoing
pages we have shown that the first
spraying can be so thoroughly applied
that other sprayings are hardly neces-
Sary. This can be done by using much
pressure, a coarse spray, a bent noz-
zle, and enough liquid to drench every
blossom. Use arsenate of lead and if
you spray thoroughly one pound to so
gallons will be strong enough. Force
the spray into every flower This
means that fOur-fifths of your spray
must be thrown down from above
every branch, but it also means that
you must spray in every other direc-
ton, too. If the trees are tall it will
pay to spray from tower. Otherwise
a bend at the end of the extension
rod will answer. Stay with each tree
until you are sure that every blossom
is filed with spray. That is what we
mean by spraying thoroughly.
The first spraying must be done
on time. Commence when about IS
per cent of the white petals have fall
len. II one pump can not GOV er the
orchard in eight days get enough out
fits to do so. If the orchard contains
mixed varieties that do not blossom
fCOgetner, go over 1t more than once,
spraying each variety when it is in
best condition. Never put off the first
spraying. 1t must be done on time. |
We recommend to you to repeat this !
spraying in one week, and in the
same way as before. This application
will help insure thoroughness and will
have more value than a spraying
given at any other time of the year. |
But if the first spraying is not |
thorough, so that you permit even a
few first brood worms to live you will |
/ have many of the second brood to en-
danger the fruit. Most of these |
worms also attempt to enter at the /
calyx, and here the value OF the first /
spraying is again apparent. But as
many of the late worms try to enter |
! the sides it is necessary to keep every
side Of every apple coated with poi |
son. 4 second spraying for the first
{ brood o01 two CDTaviToc fOr, tho