davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Brunswick news. [volume] (Brunswick, Ga.) 1906-2016, 1908-08-11
SOME FkCTS
ABOUT PANI73SS
COL. GOODYEAR GIVES SOME IN
TERESTlNG HISTORY AND
FURNISHES FIGURES.
To the Editor OF the News: /:

To the Editor of the News:
| have personally passed through
the panic of 1857 and all subsequent
panic periods.
There is no indication of panic con-
Iditions, no indication of their extent
more striking than the falling off in
foreign imports and exports; of re-
turning prosperity, than their in
Grease. Such falling off in panic Pc
riods increase with returning prosper
ity is universal.
In 1878 imports fell off $85,00O,-
600 In 1860 had risen $4,000 900.
In 1857 8 exports fell off $21, ,O0O0O0
in 1860 they had recovered and in
creased above 1858 S61 100000,
IN 1884 imports fell off $212,OOO,-
900. In prosperous times, 1897 to
1907, they rose 1881 100000, an aver
age per year of $G8,100,00O. Exports
fell off from 1893 to 1895 but $52 ,000,-
900, They rose from 1897 to 1907.
5000, 100000, Jan average Of $90,O00,-
1000 a year gain.
1t becomes necessary for purposes
Iof comparison OF the panic period of
October, 1907, to date to make com
parison by months. The average loss
per month in imports in 1857 was ST.
IOS3,000; for 1893 it was $17,750,0O
In Novembe1t 1907, the first falling
off was but $1,0000 900. In December
1.-THE loss was SIS, 8,700000 for January
l1908, $7,400,000; for February 1903,
| $276,000; for March, 1908 the increase
was $4,4O0,0O0; for April, 1908, in
crease, $1,7O0,6O0; for May, increase,
SO, 100000.
This makes an average falling off
| in imports for seven months of but
4,011,00O per morAth, against a monthly
average loss in 1857 and 1857 or ST.,
OS3 900; in 1893 t6S1895, of $1775O, 900
The import fgureA for June, 1903, |
do not yet have in hand The per cap
ita monthly loss of\1857 il. imports
was about 25 cents; ii 1893, not quite
II cents; in 1907 not quite 5 cents
In exports for November 1891 there
was an increase of $2F 000 900; for
december, 1907, Of $2,70600O. For the
six months ending June \30th, 1903
the loss was $20,OOOOO0, making nc
actual loss' 'fCr the panic pAriod com
lmencing with November, 1927 really
net gain for the seven months OF
I$6, 700, 600.
is readily seen from this analysis
based upon imports and exports, that
this panic has affected these lbarome
ters of prosperity CT adversity fan
more lightly in dollars than did the
panic Of 1857 and 1858, infinitely less
than the panic of 1893 to 1888. The
comparison i3 still more favorable
when it is realized that our total i'm
ports of 1857 and 1853 were but about
one fifth of the imports for 19O7-ex
ports about one-sixth, but little more
than one-half as much imports fol
1883 as for 1907; less than one-half al
much imports for 1893 as for 1907,
less than cne-half as much exports
!, The population in 1873 was but lit
tie more than one third the population
of 1907, and in 1893 23,0g 900 lesi
than for 1907 The perce, tages o
loss and the per capita of loss inf
'nitely was therefore greater in 1855
and 1893 than in 1907. With crop,
unsurpassed in the country's histor,
to be marketed between this and Jan
The Brunswick news. [volume] (Brunswick, Ga.) 1906-2016, 1908-08-11
NINE KILLED ON
A GERMAN Rail WAY

Eckernfoerde, Germany, Aug. TO-
Nine persons were killed and many
injured this morning in a collision be.
tween passenger train and a train
Of empty cars on a branch line be-
tween Flentsburg and Kiel. The dead
and injured were residents of towns
along the line.
The Brunswick news. [volume] (Brunswick, Ga.) 1906-2016, 1908-08-11


dent to occur in Brunswick since the
machines have been in use here, sew
eral years past, occurred last night
about 10 O'Clock, when the large q
horsepower Burick machine, owned
by F. D. NJ. Strachan, was almost
completely wrecked, and an automo-
bile party, consisting of several, were
more or less injured.
The party which was out for a ride
was composed of S. S. Rickett, Of
the Strachan line, Misses Madge, 10
sic and Elizabeth Williamson, and
Miss Margaret Henry, of Savannah,
who is the guest of the Misses Will
hanson. The car was being driven by
GEauffeur Onica johnson, who is en-
ploysd at Olewine's garage. While
the aG;ident was quite a serious one'
some Ct the members Of the party
being badly injured, it is fortunate
that the result was not more serious
speeding at the rate of from Is to
90 miles an hour the large car W.
rounding the curve just at the end
of tho r street boulevard, when, be-
fore anv of the occupants realized
what had happened, they found them
selves Aving through the air, with the
car turned on it's side, almost wreck
ed.
The chauffeur was thrown five or
ten feet away, one of the members
of the party was pinned under the
machine, and the others We're hurled
to the ground with the full force of
the speed of the machine.
Every member of the party was
more or les injured, Miss Henry, the
visiting young lady, being more seri-
ously injured than any of the Others
She received a broken collarbone, her
back is injured and she is otherwise
bruised.
Mr.. Ricketts, left collarbone is
broken, he has a cash over the eye
HI one OK two small injuries.
Miss Madge Williamson has an in
iured back and was considerably
bruised, but her injuries are not Seri-
Gus.
Miss Josie Williamson has an
uely cut over the eye, several pain
flil injuries about her face and Scdy,
but her Injuries are net very serious
Miss Lizzie Williamson seems to
have escaped without injury.
Johnson, the driver of the car, was
bruised considerably, but was not SER
iously injured.
The accident was caused by the
tire on the left rear wheel flying OH.
lust where the tire was lost is not
known, but as the machine rounded
the curve the wheel gave away,
smashing in the spokes, and before
the chauffeur could apply the brakes,
the machine had turned. The rear
norton of the car went over first
the machine swinging almost com
pletely around as it, capsized.
]. Schofeld Franklin, in his Frank
lin car was behind the Strachan ma
chine about IS or 100 yards with
party of friends, and he quickly rush
cd to the assistance of the injured
marty. It was soon discovered that
Miss Henry had Jared the worst, and
she was placed in the machine and
brought to the residence of the Misses
Williamson on Norwich street. She
was unconscious for several minutes
Mr. Franklin then quickly secured
nr G. w. Blanton and went back to
the scene of the wreck and brought
Ne other injured ladies to their
Zones. Mr.. Rickett returned later
"a the chauffeur remained about the
Ascked car, but later he was carried
20 his home.
-" %When seen by News reporter
The Brunswick news. [volume] (Brunswick, Ga.) 1906-2016, 1908-08-11
CASE WAS AIRED
IN The COURT
GIRL APPEARED, BUY
WAS NOT CALLED UPON
FOR STATEMENT.

Lawrence Waived Preliminary Ho,.%
ing and Was Bound Over 10 the
City Court--Letters From the Girls
Parents in Birmingham Receives :;
and Adds Mystery to the Very Pecu-
liar case-Lawrenc is Released.
The Brunswick news. [volume] (Brunswick, Ga.) 1906-2016, 1908-08-11
OCCUPANTS WERE
THROWN FROM Cb8
Mr.. s. s. RlCKETT AND PARTY
OF LADIES IN FRiGHTFUL
ACCIDENT.

Miss Margaret Henry Was Pinned
Under Car, Her CoIlarbone Broken
and Sack lnjured-Mr. Ricketts,
collarhone Broken and Face Cut
The Misses Williamson Also injured
and the Chauffeur Had Narrow
Escape.
The Brunswick news. [volume] (Brunswick, Ga.) 1906-2016, 1908-08-11
PRoHI CANDIDATE FOR
PRESIDENTS CLOSE CALL.

Narrowly Escapes Drowning in the
Y. M. c. A. Pool.
Lincoln, Neb.. Aug. 10.-Eugene w
Chann, prohibition candidate for
president. narrowly escaped drown.
ing Saturday night while swimming
in the \. M. c. A. pool.
The sun., 1908-01-12

this rOne cast medals began to reduce them
selves to the size OF struck medals. which
reduction in effect required finer workman
ship in the original modelling and in the
finishing. This again brought the medal
list nearer the goldsmith. Accordingly we
find Francia, Cellini. Valerie Belh. Cesato.
Annibale FOntana. Lione Lioni and others
at once goldsmiths and medallists. When
the reproductions in metal Of the medals
that have been ordered for the Metropolitan
Museum are displayed it will be Of interest
to compare a cast medal by Pisano with a
struck medal by Celini. or with one by
Bernardo. in order to note their differences.
just as at present in modern work one may
compare a medal cast from model by E. v.
Brenner with one struck from a die en-
graved by Anton Scharff. Very often the
extreme fineness in finish OF early Italian
medals leads them to appear at first sight
struck when in reality they have been cast.
This is especially noticeable in the medals
OF PRstorinO OF Siena. who very nearly
brought medallic portraiture TO its perfec-
ton. His manner is full Of delicacy and
beauty. but it just misses the mark in
requisite vigOr.
The sun., 1908-01-12

similes Of this and OF the medals Of Benz
venuto Celini in the Museo Nazionah in
Florence (which Inter medals are perhaps
the finest examples OF struck medals Of
the period. though by no means the most
artstic) are being prepared for the collec-
tiOn of the Metro pohtan Museum. When
Francia and Celini were engNQving their
dies the new method was still confined to
smaller circumferenCes, for all the larger
medals as yet continued TO be cast even
down to the end Of the sixteenth century,
and Of course il is a method in very general
use to-day. Without it and confined to
the arduOus task of engraving die for.
both diverse and reverse sides the modern
medalhst could hope TO leave behind him
comparatively few examples Of his art,
which after all is a thing apart from the
mechanical side Of its reproduction with
this far more than with any other art.
Moreover, the modern process Of reduc-
ing medal by means Of a clever me-
chanical instrument enables the medalist
to work out the relief without size restric-
tiOns, from which model the reduced size
desired is finally obtained with absolute
fidelity. In fact, modern medals are often
produced in various sizes from the same
original. Roty's medal for the French
Alpine Club is such an example.
In American private collections are some
very fine examples Of medals. Those
owned by j. Pierpont Morgan illustrate
in themselves the evolution Of the art.
Perhaps Mr.. Morgan's most interesting
specimen is a medallion plaquette carved
in Kelheimer stone by Albrecht Durer.
bearing the date 1909 and D1rer's well
known device. A war Of controversy inoes-
sanity RACES about this plaquette. and itA>
extreme importance to art history is sig
nificant when one takes into account the
fact Of its seeming to be the only direct
example known which definitely can go
toward establishing with US D1rer's claim
as a medallist. At present this plaquette
has been lent by Mr.. Morgan TO the South
Kensington Museum in London. along with
other treasures that the excessive duty on
works Of art keeps out OF America.
One may see that the change from cast
ing to striking medals greatly affected the
art Of the medallist. The preparation Of
the model for casting required a technic
The sun., 1908-01-12

monies. sacrifices and professions are
almost as well known to-day as they were
5000 years ago The character Of Etruscan
civilization may be gauged by the fact that
the Romans used to send their sons into the
lands Of their foes to study its literature and
language.
There is evidence that Etruria possessed
a national literature histories, tragedies,
poems, besides religious and ritual books:
but all trace Of IL has been lost. and even il
fragments existed az present they would
not be understood. as the Etruscan language
il unknown. History attests the eminence
of Etrlscans in navigation, commerce,
military tactics, agriculture, medicine. and
above all astronomy, which enabled them
to arrive at a close approximation to the
true division Of time and to fix the tropical
year at 385 days hours 40 minutes
The social condition and the physical
civilization, that state in which the arts and
sciences are made to minister TO comfort
and luxury, were considerably developed,
as remains Of systems of sewerage, paved
roads and successful attempts at divert
ing the course OF rivers, at reclaiming
marshy ground and at draining lakes
attest. An instance OF the high state of
Etruscan civilization is afforded by the dis
covery Of a considerable number Of bronze
razors in the tombs Of Etruria, clearly
showing that the Etruscans had the prac-
tice Of shaving, a luxury unknown to the
Romans prior to the year 454 of Rome, when.
according TO Varro, BARRIERS were first in
troduced from Sicily.
The Etrlscans excelIed in the art OF work
ing metals, and their bronze statues not
only filed their own cities and the temples
OF Rome but were also exported to other
lands, while their instruments of domestic
and waTlike purposes were greatly sought
after. Even as late as POS r. c., under the
Roman domination, the Etruscans were
the artihcer5 of Rome, and Livy states that
the town OF Arrentum furnished the fleet
Of Scipio Africanus with $4,000 shields. as
many helmets and $4,000 weapons of diff
ferent kinds. sufficient for forty ships Of
war, all in forty-fve days.
The Etruscan gold cups. mirrors, bronze
lamps and other ornaments and utensils
for the decoration. or service Of the house
were also greatly used by the Romans.
The sun., 1908-01-12

Already one Ands In the museum q num-
Der OF medals intimately connected with
American history. though many OF them
have been executed by alien artists. How
ever.with the example act by Saint Gaudens
Macmonnies. Brenner and others. IL is to
be hoped that there will be more Of our
artists to turn to this field and that more
encouragement, public and private will be
given it. In this interest we might well
emulate the attention given TO the subject
in France, The additions from time TO
time 10 the museum collection should tend
materially 20 foster medallic art in this
country. and especially with the artists of
New York city. OF the medals already
exhibited there one finds some especially
interesting to Americans in general by
reason OF their association with our history
and progress. Among them are the por-
traits of Lowell by Calverly. Hawthorne
and William H. Vanderbilt by DIllzach.
the Hall Of Fame medal by Anton ScharfT.
and the Franklin medal by Saint Gaudens.
struck by order Of Congress to commence
rate the 2OOth anniversary OF Franklin's
birth. This medal was presented TO the
museum by President Roosevelt Then
there is the copy in silver OF the gold medal
P. Avery by seyenty-fve Of his friends in
1897. the steel dies for the diverse and
reverse OF this being shown in the same
case. Further on is the silver medal of the
Hispanio Society Of America by Emil Fuchs.
a medal that well might be described
as metallic impressionism. The curious
medal Niagara by Macmonnies In reminis-
cent OF this spirit OF some old Cyprian coin.
and the very high relief medallic portrait
by 7. Spicer-Simpson il also another phase
worth noticing. As for the six very large
medallic portrait heads Of American In
dams by Olin Warner. the gift OF Mr.. and
Mrs. r. S. Wait. their value lies in faithfully
delineating the features of their subjects.
for as works OF art pure and simple they
have no aesthetic value. In this respect
they differ widely from the exquisite pro-
ductions OF V. d. Brenner. which are the
most thoroughly hopeful signs America has
had OF a place in the history OF medallic
art. Indeed. the work Of Brenner il the
star on the horizon of such things. and one
may well hope that our artists who seek
to become medallists will recognize the
The sun., 1908-01-12
LONDON CABS cut RATES.
HansOms Anected by the TaNameters and
Electric Traction

LONDON. Jan. THE advent in London
OF the taxameter motor cab with its re-
duced charges and increased speed has
seriously affected the horse cab. A few
years back persons desirous Of quick transit
across the metropolis had no alternative
but TO travel by horse cab, but now there
are electric underground trains, electric
trans and motor buses, all OF which cost
considerably less than a hanson cab.
The biggest blow TO the latter vehicle.
however. was the placing Of 1000 motor
taxlcabs on the streets. Their fares are
tWo-thirds those charged by the horse cab.
and the taxameter affixed to each auto
maticaily registers the fare and safeguards
the Passenger against being robbed. In
the case of the horse cab a stranger Is more
or less at the mercy Of the driver.
With the New Year by permission Of the
Home Secretary. 1000 horse cabs fitted with
taxameters will ply for hire in London At .
reduction or 50 per cent. Instead ~
shilling for a ride Of one mile henceforth
the charge will be sixpence with three
pence extra for every additional half mile
As two persons can ride In a cab il will
be possible to journey n mile for threepence.
rate which not only hits severely the
motor taxicab. but also comretes in some
cases with the fares Of omnibuses. This
reduction il the result OF an agitation car
rled on by the horse cab owners themselves,
whose charges are fixed by the Home ae's-
retary.
The sun., 1908-01-12

therefore we're not autOchthons, and this
Is proved by the fact that they were unlike
every other race in language. manners
and customs; but whence they came is
up to the present a disputed problem. Ac-
cording to a tradition related by Herodotus
they were Lydians.
In the reign Of Atys. he says. there was
a protracted famine in Lydia; and in order
to forget their misery the people had re-
course 10 games and amusements and
invented dice and ball, the pipes and the
trumpet; abstaining from food on alter
nate days, when they gave themselves up
to these new diversions. For eighteen
years they thus continued to exist, but at
length. their condition being in no way
improved. il was agreed that half the ma
ton should emigrate under the conduct
Of Tyrrhenus. the kings son. Afte- vari-
The sun., 1908-01-12

body Ca Washington The qualities ol
Brenner's work are varied and reach q high
point OF independent excellence. Their
art, theiR portraiture and their technie
stand forth oonspicuOusly but coordi-
nately in almost everything from his hand.
The FridtjoF Nansen medal. the Paul Jones,
and the Amerieo vespuoci medals are a dis
tinct esthetic advancement so far as Ameri-
can medanic art is concerned. and at the
same time they keep well along with the
work OF foreign artists.
The bronze plaquette in the next case.
Portrait of James MoNeill Whistler. Paint
er, Etcher, Author is one which every
true artist must long to possess. IL is
one OF the most poignantly interesting
The sun., 1908-01-12

medals Of any time. One regrets that our
museum has almost no examples of Ger
man. Italian, Swiss, Spanish or English
work. You miss Immediately the art of
Kowarzik, Hugo Kaufman, Mayer, Bosselt,
Kruse. Landry-of whose work we should
at least have the Louis Agassiz medal. Then
there are Kautch, KAUFMAN, and from Eng
land the work Of George de Saulis, who cut
the dies for designs by Thomas Brock and
Sir +. Poynter and a score Of others whose
work one hopes may some time be rerre-
sented here, although museum visitors will
be interested in the recently acquired Jey-
pore Exhibition medal for 1888, desi gned by
Sir Caspar Purdon Clarke, director Of the
museum.
In the line Of French examples the Met
ropolitan Museum has an especially fortu-
nate start. Beginning with the large col
lection of bronze gilt medals of Napoleon |.
struck in 1885 by the Paris Mint for presenta-
tion to the Hon. Levi p. Morton, then Min
lister to France, and given by him to the
museum in 1885 IA collection unattractive
as a whole until one comes to study it care
fully. it's survey will initiate the student
into an appreciation of the great artistic
strides that French medallists have taken
since these we're designed. And il brings
forth an enthusiasm for the work Of French
contemporary medallists, Carpenter,
Chaplain, DIllzach, Oscar Roty, and of
others not here represented as yet: v. Peter,
Prove, Vernon, Bottee, Carabin, Deloye.
Dupre, ,Yencesse, Ponscarme. Heller. DuPu;s.
Lalique, Fremiet, Degeorge, Bourgeois,
GARNER, a list that should spur US on and
away from our sluggish attitude toward
such matters here in America, where we
scarcely need more than the fingers Of one
hand on which to count our native artist
medallists
The sun., 1908-01-12
The MYSTERIOUS ETRUSCkNS
A PEOPLE WHOSE HISTORY IS
WRITTEN IN TONES.
Vet They Gave Rome Its Civilization and
Csreatness-VestIEes o. Great Nation
Of CivilIZers That Existed 3 900 Years
AEO-An Alphabet, but No Language.

Vet They Gave Rome Its Civilization and
Greatness-VestIEes Of Great Nation
Of CiViIlzers That Existed 3 900 Years
AsO-An AlphRbet. but No Language.
ROME. Jan. An that is known to-day
about the Etruscans, a people who gave
Rome her civilization and refinement.
her arts and sciences, many il not all
OF her political, religious and social institu-
tions and the weapons and appliances Of
war which enabled her to conquer the
world, has been gathered from the mighty
cemeteries of Etruria, and il has been said
that -sepulchres revealed what history
ignored"
Had not the Etruscans possessed great
reverence for the dead founded on belief in
afuture life which led them TO fill their tOmbs
with rich and varied treasures, future gen.
erations would have almost forgotten their
existence. or at least regarded it as a legend
or a myth. The native annals OF the coun-
try have pershed and no EtrIscan chroni-
cles exist. Hence the hist ory Of EtruTia
n drawn exclusively from monumental
remains. while the life Of the people their
very inner and domestic every day ex-
istence, has been eNhumated. as it were,
from cemeteries.
Although the amount Of knowledge that
has thus been yielded is considerable, still
Il is incomplete and uncertain, the more
30 owing to the fact that the Etriiscan
language is still a mystery and has 80 far
bafied the efforts OF philOlogy. Where
history is deficient or uncertain. conjecture
il easy. and this il the case when the origin
of the Etruscans and their earliest history
Is sought.
In very early times the power Of EtrIria
is said to have extended all over Italy,
but gradually the Gauls and the Sabines
the Greek colOnists and later the Romans
succeeded in diminishing this widespread
dominion and reduced il 10 the limits Of
the central region or mother country.
which is known as EtrUria Proper and
which was bounded by the Apennines on
thenorth, by the Tiber on the east and by
the Mediterranean on the west and south.
Etruria Proper was divided into twelve
cities or states foremost among which
was Tarquinii, where the national polity,
civil and religious, took its rise.
Etruria was densely populated, as is
proved by it's cemeteries, and the position
OF the remains Of it's cities shows the high
degree Of its civilization and political con-
diions. The people known to the Romans
a. Etruscans were not the original inhabi-
tants but a mixed race composed Of the
earlier occupants and colOnists.
The Sicul or Umbri. are supposed to
have bCen the most ancient inhabitants
OF Italy. Later the Pelasgi, a people Of