davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1908-01-03
The Language" of Animals.

John Burroughs in Outing Maya zine.
Huxley thought that because of til e
absence of language the brutes can
have no trains of thought, but only
trains of feeling, an dthis is the opin-
ion of most compa ratiye psych ologists.
l am myself quite ready to admit that
the lower animals come as near to
reasoning as they come to having
a language. Their various cries and
calls-the call of the mate, to. the
young, the cry of anger, of fear, OF
alarm, of pain, of joy-do serve as the
medium of some sort of communica
ton. but they do not stand for ideas
or mental concepts any more than tho
various cries of child do. They are
the result of simple reactions to out
ward objects or to inward wants and
do not imply any mental process what
ever. A grown person may utter b
cry of pain or fear or pleasure with
a mind utterly blank of any ideas.
Ohce on a moonlight night 1 lay in
wait for some boy poachers In my
vineyard. AS I suddenly rose up, clad
in a long black cloak, and rushed for
one and seized his leg as he was hast
ening over the fence he uttered a wild.
agonzed scream precisely as a wild
animal does when suddenly seized He
told me afterward he was simply
frightened out of his wits. For tho
moment he was simply an unreasoninS
animal.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1908-01-03
scHURMAN ON EDUCATION.
Cornell Man Says Elective System Is
Not Correct Method.

Pittsburg, January 2.-Dr. John c.
Schurman of Cornell university, before
the American Academy of Medicine to-
day, assailed the elective principle in
colleges and universities and sought to
place the responsibility for this system
upon President Charles A. Eliot of Har-
ward.
THE elective principle of colleges
and universities is carried too far"
said DR.. Schurman, "and you know as
well as do that the man who is prac-
ticallY responsible for it is President
Eliot of Harvard.
81 say that it is the duty OF college
faculties not to allow a boy of IT or
IS years to choose what he should
study, notwithstanding the fact that
one of the leading educators of the
United States takes issue with me, AL
least, this should not be done for the
first two years. 49,
I'm connection with this, / beg to
announce for the first time that be-
ginning this year, 1908 we will admit
to our medical college only college
graduates or persons of equivalent
training.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1908-01-03
FRATERNITY MEN ADJOURN.
Next Convention Will Be Held In New
Orleans.

Augusta, January 2.-The national con-
yention of Alpha Kappa Kappa. which
has been in session here two days, adj
journed tonight after a banquet. The
leans.
The following officers We're elected:
DR.. George Cook Concord, N. H., grand
president; DR.. James Brew, Nashville,
vice president; DIR. Edward l.. Heintze.
Chicago, grand secretary; Dr. Edward Il.
Pfarre, New York, grand treasurer; DR..
Charles 2. Thayer, Boston. past grand
president; DR. William G. Stckney Bos-
ton. editor Cehtaur
The time of the next convention was
fixed during Mardi Gras.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1908-01-03
RETURNS TO CLAIM ESTATE.
Man Is Officially Dead, But Looks
Very Much Alive.

Lancaster, Pa. January although
Officially declared dead several years ago
and for many years believed by his wife
and friends here to have died, George
NJ. Gable appeared in the local court to-
day to claim $4,000 from the estate of
his uncle Jacob Gable. Seventeen years
ago Gable disappeared, leaving his wife
and several small children. All efforts to
trace him failed and his wife, believing
him dead, remarked.
When Jacob Gable died in 1904 Gable,
one of the heirs. was declared dead by
the court. The executors, however, re-
fused to pay over the inheritance to his
wife, and instituted search, which re-
suited in the long missing man being
found in Sacramento, Cal. Gable came
east and was identified in court today
by the wife he left II years ago, as the
rightful heir. The womans second nus
band has begun proceedings for a di-
Vorce.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1908-01-03
EXPLOSION OF FIREWORKS.
One Young Woman Is Killed and 9th
ers Fatally Injured.

Roch ester, n. Y, January Fin an
explosion that wrecked a building OF
the Rochester Fire Works company to-
day, one young woman, Hattie Ernest
was instantly killed, a second Mrs. Lii
liam O'Connor, recently married, was SO
badly injured that she died at a hos
pital a short time after being taken
there. and May Calligan was serious
ly burned, but is expected to recover.
The explosion occurred in the finish
ing room of a building of the com
pany's plant in Main street east, and
the force of it blew out one side OF
the building and caused the roof to
collapse.
The cause of the explosion is not yet
known.
The Rochester Fire Works company
is widely known concern, having been
established in 1886. Its president is
James Palmer, Jr.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1908-01-03
CASE PUZZLES POLICE.
Two Men Claim To Be Same Person
and Await Trial.

Chicago, January "A special to the
Inter Ocean from GAINESVILLE, Wis, to-
night says
Two men claiming to be Fred j. La
nauette and to have married Madelyn
O'Dell Clayton, the former Chicago
chorus girl believed to have been muir
dered, will face each other tomorrow III
the office of the chief of police here. Ii
the claim of the two men of the same
name and the same wife, the authorities
believe they have stumbled upon a motive
of Jealousy which may have prompted
the murder.
THE GAINESVILLE police were astonished
when Frederick Clayton, who has repre-
sented himself as the dead woman's hus-
band, said that Fred J. Lanauette was
his real name and that he had married
the girl in st. Joseph, Mich, September H.
THE second chapter in this strange his
tory was unfolded in Fon Du Lac, Wis,
where a man walked into the office OF
the sheriff and proclaimed himself as Fred
Lanauette and denounced Clayton as an
inlposter. He will be brought to James
Vile tomorrow
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1908-01-03
Fire Destroys Paintings.

Philadelphia, January 2-Ulricn
Augustus Hoegger, a Swiss artist, was
probably fatally burned tonight in a
fire which ruined the studio in the
northern section of the city and de-
stroyed paintings said to be worth
500, 900. Hoegger went into the studio
a few minutes later fire was discovered.
When neighoors and members of tn c
artists family went to the room th ely
found Hoegger unconscious suferin &
from burns about the head and face.
He mad inhaled smoke and is in pre-
earious condition. Among Hoegger' 5
best known works is a picture called
"Verstummt." which has been widely
reproduced.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1908-01-03
MIRACULOUS ESCAPE.
Bridge Worker TumbIes into River
From High Bridge.

New York, January 2.-After falling
$50 feet from the Blackwells Island
bridge into the East river today, Henry
Smith swan ashore not seriously
harmed by a fall which ordinar ily
would have been fatal. Smith was at
work on the bridge and tumbled off one
of the great beams. In falling his
head struck against a chain which
dangled from the bridge and he suf-
fered painful scalp wound. Turning
in the air, he struck the water feet
foremost. Had he landed in any 9th er
way the shock would have killed him.
His fellow laborers on the bridge
We're astonished to see him strike out
for the shore. He was taken to a hos
pital and treated for the scalp wound.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1908-01-03
Hale Dodqes Investigation.

Washington, January 2.-Senator
Hale, chairman of the committee on
naval affairs, today denied the report
that he would introduce a resolution
calling upon the Secretary of the Navy
for the facts bearing upon the recent
retirement of Rear Admiral Brownson
from the office of chief of the burea u
of naviga ton. lie said that he ha (.
accomplished all that he desired by
the interview recently given out by
him expressing his commentator of
the admirals stand and that he did
not desire to stir up the navy by n
inVeStiga ton.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1908-01-03
WOMAN'S MURDER
STILL A MYSTERY
Crazy Letters Are New Being
Received
CONFESSION IN ONE LETTER
Man, Who Says He Is Norwegian,
Tells How He Killed the Woman
and Why, But Doesn't
Give His Name.

Newark, y. J., January Interest
in the mystery surrounding the murder
Of the woman whose body was found
in the marshes of the Passaic river in
Harrison one week ago today, has now
reached the crank stage and the police
are deluged with letters containing
alleged identifications of the dead
woman, impossible suggestions as TO
finding her SLAYER, weird theories about
the motive for her death and any
amount of more or less rational advice
to what should be done next by the
authorities
One writer recalls story by Edgar
Allen Poe which to his mind can hard
" fail to lead to a solution of the
murderer, and another contributor to
the police records today. goes so far as
10 admit that he was the man who
escorted the woman to the marshes and
there stunned her with blows on the
head. He is quite sure that he did not
kill her, but thinks that upon regain
ing her senses she must have drowned
herself The writer describes himself
as Norwegian.
He says he met the woman in Brooklyn
four years ago and became intimate with
her. She deserted him, but he met her
several times even after he had moved
from Brooklyn to Philadelphia.
On Christmas day, he writes, he met
her in Newark. They rode TO Harrison
on the trolley and got off at First street.
As they walked across the meadows the
woman asked him to marry her, saying
Lott x4rbi xgpnlH force him
TO do SO
The letter writer says he attacked the
woman TO give him possession of the let
ters, tearing off her clothes. piece by
piece. in search of them. She fought him
all the time. Finally when he had failed
to find the letters, he struck her in the
back of the head and she fell insensble.
He says he did not throw her body into
the pond and that she must have walked
to it and have fallen in after he struck
her the blow. The writer, though he
gives all these details, does not give his
name
Today divers sought along the banks of
the Passaic for missing portions of the
woman's clothing, upon which laundry
mark or name might be found, but moth
ing was discovered.
Mrs. Hattie Hull of New York, whose
alleged identifications have eXasperated
and mystifed the police, returned within
the New Jersey limits tonight and was
under examination by the coroner. Mrs.
Hull stuck to her latest identification in
which she claimed to recognize the body
as that of her sister, Minnie jeanette
CASTOR, of Severville, Tenn.
The police of Harrison late tonight
asked the police of Manhattan to visit
a home at Broadway and Dickman street.
where, according to Mrs Hull, there lived
a NC tho of R1llpl1 who
could eorroborate Mrs. Hulfs identifiea-
ton. The New York police replied later
that there was no such building as the
one described as Mrs. Ballou's address.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1908-01-03
K. of p. Elect Officers.

Linton lodge No. 100, Knights OF
Pythias, held an important meeting this
evening. An election of officers for the
ensuing year was held and resulted as
follows: f. r. Mathews chancellor CON-
mander; G. A. Bancroft, vice chancellor:
J. c. Skates prelate l.. Zuba. master
of work; Sam Stein, keeper of record and
seals and master of finance; f. NJ. Owens
NJ. r. of En-; A. H. Smith, master-at-
arms; j. n. Norton, inner guard Ike
Forst, outer guard
The trustees were also elected to serve
for the next year, after which delight
fal smoker was enjoyed
One of the most enjoyable events of
the evening was the presentation to J
c. Skates of a beautiful ring, given by the
lodge as a token of appreciation for the
good work he did while lie was acting in
the capacity of master at arms Mr.
Skates is one of the most enthusiastic
members of the lodge and the compliment
bestowed upon him this evening was en-
tirely in keeping with the great work
that he has done for the upbulldne of the
lodge.
The presentation speech was made by
Sam Stein. Mr. Stein stated that while
he appreciated the fact thar the lodge
had many loyal members. he did not be-
lieve that there was Il single name on
the register that had done more good
work than had Mr. Skates. and when the
subject OF a little token of esteem was
preached TO the members they all said
with one accord that nothing would give
them more pleasure than to be placed
in position to show Mr.. Skates that his
good work had been appreciated.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1908-01-03
HARD NUT TO CRACK.
Hughes Will Have Strong Opposition
In Race Track Plans.

Washington, January 2-(Special.)-
1t looks on its face as If Governor
Hughes of New York has taken upon
himself gigantic task in opening
fight having for its object the de-
struction of race track gambling in
the state of New York. The sport
there is backed by such powerful in
terests as the Keenes and Belmonts,
who while true sportsmen, will of
course, realize that the elimination of
the gambling feature sounds the death
knell of popular interest. Should the
governor win, however, it is a big
feather in his cap, and in any event his
efforts will bring forth hearty APP
plause from the reform element to
VIII ch the governor already deservedly
owes so much of his popularity
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1908-01-03
French Defeat Tribesmen.

Paris. January 2.-Offcial adyices re-
cei,,ed here from Admiral Philibert. the
French naval commander IN Moroccan
waters, reports that French troops cap
tured yesterday the citadel of the Mediou-
mas tribe with the loss of one man Killed
and three wounded. The transport NiVe,
with reinforcements ON board went
ashore during a storm at point hVe
miles south of Casahlanca. The troops
and horses on board were safely disem-
barked. The cruiser De Sake went to the
relief Of the transport.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1908-01-03
Conspiracy Is ALLEGED.

st. Petersburg. January 2.-The police
have arrested 10 persons accused of con-
spiracy to murder the Dowager EN-
pres Marie Feodorovna upon her return
from abroad three weeks ago, according
to the police. The conspirators were so
certain of success that they inserted an
announcement in the death column of the
Novoe Vremya of December Il concern
ing Marie Feodorovna inviting friends
TO attend requiem mass at fictitious
church AleXandrevsky monastery" The
whole affair. however. is yelled in secrecv
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1908-01-03
NIGHT RIDERS ABROAD.
Tobacco Warehouses Are Dynamited
and Mill Burned.

Nashville. January "a long distance
telephone message to the American from
Russellville, Ky, says that night riders
visited that town at -. As o'clock this (Fri-
day. morning. The tobacco warehouses
of f. G. Work & co. and the American
Snuff company were dynamted and de-
stroyed. The planning mill of Roberts *
Brown, and three other smaller buildings,
we're more or less damaged. Many shots
we're fired but so far as known no one
was injured. There were between SO and
70 masked men in the party, and they
were in Russellvlle about an hour. The
Louisville and Nashville depot was
threatened by the flames but escaped. The
attack was entirely unexpected.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1908-01-03
REPLY FROM JAPAN.
Transcript On immigration Matters
Given To Ambassador.

Washington, January 2.-Secretary Root
today received from Amba ssador O'Brien
at Toxic a transcript of the reply of the
Japanese government to the memorandum
submitted to him some time ago in re-
lation to the regulation of Japanese I'M
migration into America. The reply is
very long, discussing Mr.. O'Bnens propo-
sition in the greatest detail. So far Sec
rotary Root has not had an opportunity
to carefully consider the report, but it Is
stated that in the opinion of the state
department it exhibits a disposition on
the part of the Japanese government to
meet the desires of America in a salts
factory manner. Ambassador OBren
comedies in this view of the Japanese re-
sponse
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1908-01-03
Coal Mines Tied Up.

Madisonville, Ky, January 2-Three
coal mines, two at Nortonville, and one
at Oakhill this county are completely
tied up as a result of the miners strike.
Three hundred men are employed at these
places. Other companies are running
with many men out and President Smith
of the union, stated this evening that the
number of strikers was increased today
and is confident that several operators
will son sign tine agreements. There has
been no violence so far and everything
is quiet.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1908-01-03
Killed Bv an Automobile.

Pittsburg, January 2.-Howard e. Goet-
man, aged % years, one of the projectors
of one of the Oldest restaurants in the
city, was killed in an automobile acct
dent shortly after midnight. He was
riding in the automobile of Robert Ever
hard when at Thirty-third street and
Grant Boulevard the tire of rear wheel
came off and the machine turned turtle
Goetman was held prisoner by the tom
neal resting upon his neck.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1908-01-03
Rockefeller Gives More Money.

Chicago, January 2-Martin A. Ryerson,
president of the board of trustees of the
University of Chicago announced today
that j. ID. Rockefeller has added $2,l91 coo
to his gifts to the university, making the
total of his benefactions over $2S,0 COO.
1t is also reported that Mr.. Rockefeller
has offered to treble all contributions to
the memorial library which the university
is trying to erect in honor of William X.
Harper. its first president The trustees
have already raised $4,000 for his pur-
post. The gift is to be devoted mainly to
general endowment purposes.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1908-01-03
DR.. Nicholas Sem Dead,

Chicago. January DIR. Nicholas Sem,
one of the most widely known surgeons
in the United States, died here today. Dr.
Sem was chief surgeon of the Sixth army
corps in the Spanish war, and was chief
of the operating staff of the army in the
field. He was the author of many medi-
cal works and was generally considered
one of the foremost operating surgeons
of the country During the last two
years i'll health had debarred him from
much active practice
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1908-01-03
Suicide After a Spree.

Martinsville, W. Va. January 2.-Re-
covering from protracted spree, Jacob
Young, aged % years, was reprimanded
by his wife today and said he would kill
himself. Two policemen were called to
arrest him, but Young, standing at the
head of the stairway, slashed his throat
from ear to ear before the officers could
interfere. He died almost instantly.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1908-01-03
Bill Filed In Montgomery.

Montgomery, January 1.-The Seaboard
Air Line railway, through its local at
torneys, filed bill in the federal court
here late this afternoon, asking that
receiver be appointed for the road. This
is an addition to the case that was
started in Richmond, Va, yesterday. 1t
was necessary to file the bill in every
court in order to get an auxiliary de-
cree from the courts of each district that
the road passes through, in order to get
the matter into court Immediately an
agent of the attorneys of the Continental
Trust company filed an answer about the
same time the bill was filed.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1908-01-03
Sunday Moving Pictures

New York. January 2.-In a decision
handed down today Magistrate Wah,e
holds that public lectures. illustrated BY
moving picture and stereopticon views.
may be given on Sunday without violat-
ing the city ordinances and penal code
regulating the state Sunday amusements
Inc decision is in test case brought by
the police against the Colonial theatre
the point at issue being the use of NOV
ing picture machines, the lecture itself
being admittedly legal.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1908-01-03
Orphans, Home Burned.

Terre Haute, Ind, January st.
Anne's Orphans Home, a Roman Catho-
lie institution, on North Thirteenth
street. was totally destroyed by fire at
noon. One hundred orphans were in the
building at the time the rire started, and
a panic ensued among them, but all OF
them escaped without injury. The loss
is about $4,000
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1908-01-03
Perjury papers Forwarded.

London, January 2.-The papers relat-
ing to the charge of perjury against
Robert C. Caldwell, the witness in the
bruce case, have been forwarded to
Washington through the foreign office.
They include the dispositions upon which
the warrant was granted, and the war
rant itself. 1t is also proposed TO send
a copy of the report Of the exhumation
of the bruce coffin made by Professor
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1908-01-03
Train Nearly Wrecked

Albany n. Y, January 2.-The Empire
State express. northbound, on the New
York Central and Hudson River railroad,
due in Albany at Ii 10 a. M, today, had
a narrow escape from serious accident
between Rhinecliff and Hudson. The
spout on a water tower side-raked the
locomotive and broke windows all along
the side of the train. The train did not
leave the track, and while the passengers
were severely shaken up and frightened,
no one was hurt.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1908-01-03
Troops Ready 10 Move

Muncie. Ind. January 2-Governor Han
ley, through his representative, Adjutant
General Perry, tonight issued an ulti-
matum to the county of Delaware and
the city of Muncie declaring that if there
is further rioting over the strike situa-
ton in Muncie tomorrow 1000 state troops
will be on the scene before nightfall
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1908-01-03
BESSEMER BUSINESS
MEN OPTIMISTIC
All Look for Coed Trade This
Year
K. OF P. ELECT OFFICERS
Handsome Ring Presented To J. c.
Skates BY Members of Lodge.
Infant of MIR. and Mrs. M.
E. Kennedy Dies.

Bessemer January 2.-(Special)-Wh
il is fact that business in this city and
the surrounding district is unsettled just
at the present time still a good many of
The most conservative business men in
the city predict that this year will be one
Of the best years that Bessemer has ever
experienced
James Trotter OF the law firm Of Trot-
ter & ODel, stated in an interview this
evening that he had been here ever since
there was a town and he was confident
that after 1908 had rolled around it would
be found by everyone in every line that
it was the banner year for Bessemer.
William Godfrey of the s. E. Jones Real
Estate company stated that he believed
the year would be an exceptionally good
one in all lines.
W. b. Chandler of the Chandler Paint
company stated that it was his opinion
that there would be more business done
this year than had been done for several
years past.
W. II. Dennis of Dennis & Golston stat
ed that while he thought it would take
some time for matters to adjust them
selves on account of the recent financial
trouble. he believed that the business for
the year would SNOW up in good shape.
E. A Shelter, cashier of the Bessemer
State bank. stated that he could see no
reason why business for the year should
not be particularly good. He remarked
that the people had been taught a les
son. and he believed that in the future
there would he less waste and loss vim