davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1908-07-08
POLICE SWEAT-BOX
ONCE MORE IN
L|MEL|GAT
ATTORNEY DISCREDiTS MRS.
cYMBOLOWsKrs CONFESSION
ON THE GROUND THAT 1T WAS
NOT VOLUNTARILY.

The police "sweat-box," which fig
Percy Bowin, acquitted by jury OF
the murder of Mrs. Welch In spite of
his confession. was again In the lime
light. Tuesday afternoon, during the
examination of Mrs. Victoria Cymbal-
owski, the confessed murderess of her
husband, before Justice Stein. AL
though Mrs. Cymbalowski, in publish
ed interviews had acknowledged her
crime, her attorney, August Cyrowski
attacked the confession obtained by
the police and attempted TO show that
It was made BY her for the sole pur-
pose of being left alone. Detective
John Steinhebel, who acted as inter
prefer when the confession was taken,
declared 1t was wholly voluntary on
the womans part, and that she ended
by saying: "You can do what you like
with me. have told the truth
In the confession, as testified to by
Steinhebel. Mrs. Cymbalowski said
that Joe Wlasch, her star boarder. had
told her that any man who treated his
wife the way Cymbalowski treated her
ought TO be shot through the head
She asked why he did not do it. and
Joes alleged reply was: You're his
wife. You do It,"
Mrs. Cymbalowski, in the confess
sion. also told the police that on the
afternoon preceding the shooting
Wlasch placed a revolver in small
closet near her bedroom and told her
II was there. During the night, as
her husband Law sleeping she took
the weapon from its hiding place and
standing over the bed shot at Cymbal-
owski several times. three of the bull
let's taking effect.
Attorney Cyrowsh connected FIR.
Mueller. of st. Albertus church. with
the confession. expressing the opinion
that he had aided the police in secur-
ing 1t.
Neighbors of the Cymbalowski wom-
an testified that they saw no one run
from the house Immediately following
the shooting. The examination will
he resumed I'm week
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1908-07-08
ISLAND CANAL TO
BE FINISHED SOON

Chairman Freiwald OF the council
parks committee has been consulting
with Commissioner Breitmeyer as to
the means for finishing the new canal
on Belle isle. the appropriation for
which was cut by the estimators. and
a resolution allowing the transfer Of
$1,700 from another fund to the canal
fund was passed by the council Tues
day night as result.
This Is beautiful sample of the
economy OF the board OF estimates"
declares Freiwald sarcastically. The
council passed an estimate OF $4,000
to finish this canal and the estimators
blindly cut II to $4,000 Everyone
knew that that amount would not be
enough TO do the work. II was sim
ply case of leaving the canal un-
finished and an ugly, unbridged ditch
for a year or of finding a surplus In
another fund.
1T was all wrong. There might be
a time when we could not find sur
plus anywhere and then what should
we do to piece out the funds that the
estimators have slashed."
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1908-07-08
TAKE CITY OEPTS.
OUT OF POLITICS
CHARTER WILL BE CHANGED
WHEN NEW CONSTITUTION
PASSES.

With the belief general that the new
ready much planning as to changes
which are likely TO be made In the
present city charter One trend OF
thought, botn on the Republican side
and the Democratic. is toward some
plan by which the greatest depart
ments OF the city may be divorced
more from politics than at present.
One means TO this would be civil
service and such clause Is almost
certain TO go into the charter next
year, even II civil service bill is not
passed by the legislature. Several
other plans are under discussion for
trying to separate the policy OF the
departments from politics.
The federal plan, by which the
mayor names the heads of department
20 serve during his term, has been
found in Cleveland 10 lead 10 a cen.
tralized political machine and the plan
OF having commissioners run for Of
flee also bring all departments into
politics.
The department OF public works has
for years been a political football and
the men who have the expenditure Of
two millions OF city money every year
for streets. sewers and other public
improvements have been shifted abou,
as administrations changed, expert
enced men being replaced by raw
ones.
The same condition has applied
largely in the water and park depart.
ments and the police department has
been accused at times OF a political
leaning for one candidate for mayor
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1908-07-08
TRAVELLERS GUIDE.
INrEnURBAN LiNEs.
Detroit ursted rnteruvb~u Lives

Detroit ursted rnteruvbmr Lire~
Tim. cable subject TO Change without
notice. Central Standard Time
FLINT LIMITEDs--Daily. S:l5 a. m
Romeo. orion ana Oxford. I A. m, and
m. ana every two hours until . p, m.
m. e;oi a. NJ, and every 40 minutes
until sos Q. m. then half hourly unit,
S:oa p. m. then avery 40 Il.nuts; yntti
o. m. On sunday. nrst car starts at
Pc: S:,:s, o... r .s.. S..,; s,, :sS
entil D. m then hourly until Ii p m.
fIsst care ons-hsif hour later on Sum-
sor rrrn,ns.on. .orthvlile. osscn. .,a
until II .. IN. First car one hour later
IRA, nxs1P nArLw VA, 81! :y,rT N ;e9.s
New Baltimore. AlSonac. Marine CITY
and Pert Huron tS MGI,ne cty 70 lscs
saf fS% i,a as a. m. 70 n, ana
s n" so %.'' In II hourly 70 as M a. 10
osR1roi:s;l ESQ " = = Ey cl,E,nsc
s sa'l' p, mo Local. !gr eSockwoog N:y;
poll Monyos snd Toledo. h9,nariy; Pr
~ r. ,s 20 S ssS 3 r"-' also $3.50 ana Il
pETnSi,s EAiGss s. or. ls,s f" "nG ~;
} n n Locals, for Jackson. 7 a. nj. and
Syqry two hours until p m. for Ann
M for Saline, sac a. m and every two
hours until s:30 .. m. also 10 y. m: for
plymouth and Worthwhile go a. m ana
every two hours until $3.50 p m also
Interurban cars pass waiting sta.
ton. corner OF Larnede and oriswoid:
ste, last cars awaiting tho closing OF
thehtera
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1908-07-08
EARLE'S Def TO
WARNER AN D
BRADLEY
WANTS TO MEET THEM IN PUB.
Lie DEBATE ON STATE ISSUES
I'm 25 cITIEs-EARIE's PLAT.
FORM.

Horatio s. Earle is out with bold
defiance 10 the other Republican
candidates for governor
He challenges Gov. Warner and Dr..
Jas. b. Bradley to meet him on the
public platform in rs cities OF the
state and publicly discuss state issues.
The terms he proposes are as follows:
Such dicussion to be by us person
ally, no substitutes or assistants per-
mitted
Each TO have one-half hour each
night, and the positions 10 rotate so
as to give each the same number OF
flrsts, seconds and thirds.
No quarter shall be asked for or
given by any one OF the candidates
under any circumstances.
We will speak only where hall and
band are furnished free. will per
sonally guarantee a good audience.
To begin August 3, 10 end August 20.
This offer Is made In proof that II
am nominated and elected governor.
my administration shall be one run on
the plan of less politics and more busi-
ness" says Earle.
ne Drinks Ol EdllC plathOA a.,
which he wishes to bring out In THIS
public debate are the following:
Good roads.
Convict crushed stone for roads.
State board OF trade TO boom Mich
igan.
More TO tax instead OF more taxes.
Deed state tax lands TO counties, 10
be disposed OF by the counties, and
SO get rid of Michigan's farrow cow
Protect forests and encourage re-
forestration by timber land tax law.
Better equipment and better service
from public serving corporations.
Advalorem taxation on telephone
and telegraph companies as well as
on yearlings.
One tax on all property.
Pay state money only to those who
earn II.
Clean appointments, the farmer to
have his share.
Abolish unnecessary boards and Of
ficials.
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1908-07-08
OUNKEL BERG SAYS
He IS NEUTRAL
WILL NOT MIX IN BOILER IN
SPECTOR FiGHT-BEST MAN
SHOULD WIN.

o. ]. Dunkelberg, one OF the men
who took the examination for city boil
er inspector, denies strongly that he
has allied himself with J. c. McCabe,
John b. Purvis and Fred Goodnough,
10 defeat j. Harvey Williams, the
present inspector.
IL have been neutral throughout,
says Dunkelberg. They asked me to
join them in protesting against Will
Jams, but / told them would not do
so unless they could prove to me by
affidavits that he was ineligible. They
did not do this.
II think the examining board should
have given out our ratings at the test
as that would have had a good effect
and cleared matters up. AS matter
Of fact. II would be better II we could
have government inspection of all boil
ers in the city, but that is Impossible
lust now and the best we can do Is
to have the inspector chosen al fair
and square examination and then
backed up to do his duty"
Dunkelberg is engineer at the Cal
vert Lithographing Co. and has had
naval as well as land experience.
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1908-07-08
SHOOTS HUBBY
IN THE THUMB

AS a crisis to an argument which
had been quite animated and prolong-
ed. Mrs. Bertha Stout who, with her
husband Herbert, runs a saloon at 2O2
St. Antoine-st drew revolver and
blazed away at her spouse. AT the
moment she pulled the trigger, Stout
threw up both hands TO protect his
face. The bullet lodged In his left
thumb. resulting in a somewhat palm
full but not serious wound.
Mrs. Stout was not arrested and
directly after the shooting was found
serving drinks behind the bar as
though nothing had happened.
Yes, | shot him. and he'll get worse
than that If he keeps on botherlng
me-" she said in answer to query.
According TO the police the woman
is mulatto, though she is very light
and would pass for white woman.
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1908-07-08

or another. Even I'm the fro depart
ment. there was a strong political
tendency In 1906 TO defeat one candl-
date for mayor because Of his reap
polntment or an unpopular commits.
sioner
THE present system Is wrong IN
bringing politics In" says Mayor
Thompson. Il do not believe that a
police commissioner is needed. for ex'
ample. The police force should be adj
minlstered by some one from its own
ranks A board OF commissioners
would be much better than the pres
ent system there.
II do not know now just how we
can change things SO as TO get good
results without letting politics In bu.
that problem will come UP soon"
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1908-07-08
ANGRY BULL CHASES
GRATIOT FARMER

John L. Salters, Gratiot township
farmer. was attacked by bull Tues
day afternoon while crossing a field or
his neighbor, Louis Van Dercrusine
Salters, who weighs 225 pounds
sprinted with all his might when he
saw the animal after him. but the bull
gained at every jump. Luckily the
animal was of the hornless breed, or
Salters would have been gored to
death. AS IL was he was butted about
the field and tramped on by the infu-
rated animal, until he was mass OF
bruises. Neighbors who saw the en-
counter drove the animal away with
pitchforFs.
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1908-07-08
SAYS HUSBAND DESERTED
WIFE AND SICK SONS

A pathetic story Of wife desertion
Is told by Mrs. Selma Williams in
bill for separate maintenance filed In
circuit court Tuesday afternoon. Mrs.
Williams alleges that she was com
PEELED to go to Greenfield township
and live in tent with a son who Is
suffering from tuberculosis. and that
her husband. James K. Williams re-
fused to support her after that. An
other son has spinal trouble, Mrs.
Williams says, and her 19year-old
daughter, Mrs. Edna Shank. has been
deserted by her husband and is home
with her infant child, dependent up
on her mother for support. Judge
Murphy granted an injunction re
straining Williams from disposing of
their property at No. 2S4 Buchanan
ST
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1908-07-08
LOT OF MINISTER
NO BED OF ROSES

The Rev. Carl Sumner Jones. pas
tor OF the North Congregational
church. takes exception to the state
ments made by the Rev G. s. Hickey,
retired Methodist minister, that the
lot OF the average preacher Is a bed
of roses. He says that the average
salary of a minister In the Congrega-
tional church is less than $1,000, and
there are only II men In the. whole
country who receive more than $4,000.
Bricklayers, he says, receive a high
er wage than ministers.
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1908-07-08
KEEP, SONS DEATH
FROM HIS MOTHER

When Mrs. Gustav Staub returned
to her home In Detroit Tuesday after
a three months trip to her old home
in Germany, Il was decided by her
family to keep from her the news of
the death of her son Joseph. who was
killed In street car accident in Bel
bingham. Washington. last May. At
the time Of his death, II was decided
not TO write her the sad news. and
when she returned yesterday and in
CURED for Joseph. not one of the fam.
ily could tell her Joseph was in the
navy department and IL has been de-
cided TO send letters from various
ports. purporting TO come from the
beloved son.
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1908-07-08
SLAYER IN A SHOOTING
GALLERY USES A STONE

THE DALLES, Ore, July 7v-Lee
Putnam was killed by Alex Dalrymple
In a shooting gallery here after a
quarrel over a 50-cent debt Dalrymple
used a stone when he wanted to put
Putnam out OF the fight. and although
several blows were struck and Put,
nam was knocked down, neither OF
tae men made any attempt to use the
ri les on the counter
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1908-07-08

The Lady-Look here. you said that
N I'd give you your dinner you'd NOV
the lawn for me.
The Hobo-Id like TO do Il ma am.
but I gotter teach yer lesson. Never
trust the word OF a total stranger
Cleveland Leader.
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1908-07-08
20 CENT NeckTlss FOR S CENTS.

Sixty dozen summer. four-in.hand
neckties. the regular 20 and 25.cent
Kind. are now on sale at Menter &
Rosenbloom Co.'S. 57-59 Monroe,ave.
at 3 cents each. all colors. This firm
bought 1000 dozen TO sell in their -
storeA
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1908-07-08
The 5oy for the Job.

Employer-Are you truthful?
Young Applicant--Yep; but / amt
so darn truthful as TO spoil your bus.
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1908-07-08

STR. CITY OF CHATHAM makes
round trip from Detroit to Chatham
every Friday and Saturday. leaving
foot OF Randolph street at 8 a. IN. re-
turning, leaves Chatham at p. IN.
Fare. round ttlp. 75c: one way, SOC,
one way trip from Detroit on Sunday
morning at = o'clock and on Monday
and Wednesday at p. m. JOHN
STEVENSON. Agent. It. OF Randolph at
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1908-07-08
FOURTH ATTEMPT AT
N SUICIDE A FAILURE

Edward Mcdonald, a clerk EN-.
ployed by the Standard Drug Co..
drank four ounces OF chloroform Tues
day night, and when he was found
was unconscious. He was sent to St
Mary's hospital. where II is said he
will recover. IL Is said that Melon
aid has tried to end his life four
times.
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1908-07-08

II wouldn't be so bad II your sins
would not tell on you after finding
you out.
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1908-07-08
LAKE, AND RIVER STEAMERS.
nA0 Ray City division

Depurt IOot OF IkI,IN,1I ". =,
Leave Detroit Tuesdays and Fridays IT
10 a, IN. for 81. Clair, Port Huron, Lex
ington, Port sapiiac, Forester, Forest-
,siIr. Hnrbor Beach, Port Hope and Hay
City.
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1908-07-08

Job Printing done right. Time. Print-
sns Co.. Is John R.@st Phone 1923.
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1908-07-08
C,LEIDlCH er,. W: $.
Tor tick e ts * berths ON my lake steamer

ppT-IN-BAY EXCURSION Every Day.
rtnxei's Observation-Disclosures NJ Colon
saI Week Days soc. Sunday 15c, round
trip Cedar Point aud Sandusky week
dnys direct.
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1908-07-08
St,tO to CLEVELAND


VIA PUT-IN-BAY. Str. Frank &c. Kirby
~, Ashley a Dustin, foot First.
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1908-07-08
WINDSOR RACES.
(J1n0 ~ 10 Juiy 26)
7 RACES
1 TODAY
Flat Facing
and SfsepsscisssinH
az 2s45 P.M. Admission 81. 90

Daily. s.45 a. n. and y. mt extra
steamer sat. Afternoon, 1t30g Sundays,
sn5 q. n,., , D. IN. Fare. round trip. -
cents; children. - cents. ZickefH Or
ohestra 10 pieces. Music All Trips. But-
fet Lunsn Cafe at Park Bates-st.
Wharf.
NO LIQUOR PERMITTED.
Columbia Moonlight, Tuesday and fri-
day. $40. Columbia Lake Ride, sunday
Evening. $3.50.
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1908-07-08
II. Il. Tnrsney, former congressman
"The present Interstate commerce

and antitrust laws are all right.
What we need is enforcement. | have
never become acquainted with a law
that would enforce itself. The Hep
burn bill restored the imprisonment
clause OF the old antitrust bill but
| have not heard OF anyone's being
iail
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1908-07-08
SILK AND DRESS GOODS DEPT.

The values which offering during our
July Clearance Sale unusually attractive We
are closing out all of highgrade all-silk Shower
proof and Satin Fouards. Choice for $50 yard.
lot of Plain and Novelty Silks, formerly priced
up TO Sl25. choice for 39e yard.
lot OF high-grade Novelty Wool Suitings, for
mer values 81 90. SIPS and Sl.50-choce for soc.
II would be economy To anticipate your wants
for another season among these great values.
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1908-07-08
Ieciuring under the auspices of the
CITY Serx Ice Icunue- llreclnr A IL

Griffith took n large audience OF boys
and girls for trip through the beau
tiful gardens OF Paris, Versailles
Spain, india and Japan. He told OF
one garden In Detroit in which there
are so varieties OF roses. The lee
ture was given with the idea OF In
teresting the boys and girls in beau
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1908-07-08
Mrs. Albert Wilcox. Of No. 30 Thirty
sccOnd-st.. ind Mrs. William Howard.

of No 1908 sheridan ave. complained
TO the police Tuesday that they had
been deserted by their husbands. The
two men are BARRIERS and have been
friendly for a long time. Capt Nc
Donnell promised 10 do what he
could to locate the men.
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1908-07-08

Fort car struck a brick wnRon driven
by Edward Blum, employed by An
drew Crokoff. brick manufacturer. at
Champlain-st. and Elmwood -aves..
Wednesday morning. throwing Blum
from his seat and upsetting the wag-
on East End ambulance took Blum
to- St Mary's hospital. where he was
found To be suffering only from
Coeur d'Alene evening press. (Coeur d'Alene, Idaho) 1907-1929, 1908-01-18
THE LIBRARY

The library committee has decided
to keep the library open during the
winter and until such time as other
arrangements are made for its main
tenance II able to secure enough mon
ey by subscription to meet current
obligations. This will be the only
means of keeping the institution OPP
en- and II the ladies do not succeed in
securing the necessary support the
books are to be pecked and stored
as last resort. The people OF the
city who are interested in the library
will be asked to give 1t financial sup
port and should meet the ladies with
a II, eral monthly donation to the
extent of their ability. The efforts of
the committee to maintain the IL
brary are commendable, especially
SO in the face of the fact that the
city council, contrary to law, failed
to make tax levy for library pur-
poses. The keeping open of the Ii
brary is to be put up to the people.
Coeur d'Alene evening press. (Coeur d'Alene, Idaho) 1907-1929, 1908-01-18


"Wot do We Think said the sailor.
@Of usin' live babies for battf We
done It in Ceylon."
%BabIes for bait? Fishing for shark r
mo. Crocodile Baby bait is the
only thing for crocodile, and every
body uses it. Ye rent a baby down
there for half a dollar a day. OF
course" the sailor went on, "the thing
amt as cruel as it sounds. No harm
ever comes to the babies, or else, o.
course, their mothers wouldn't rent
'em. The kid is simply sot on the soft
mud bank of crocodile stream and
the hunter lays hid near him, sure
perfection. The crocodile is lazy. He
basks in the sun in midstream. Moth
In will draw him In to shore where We
can pot him. But set little fat naked
baby on the bank and the crocodile
soon rouses up. In he comes, a greedy
look in his dull eyes, and then ye open
fire. have got as many as four croco-
dies with one baby in a mornings
6shin' Some Cingalese women wot
lives near good crocodile streams make
as much as So a week regular out O
rentin' their babies for crocodile bait"
Cincinnati Enquirer.
Coeur d'Alene evening press. (Coeur d'Alene, Idaho) 1907-1929, 1908-01-18

Little Harry's experience with death
was limited to the decease of a pet
canary which had been sent to a taxi
dermist and now adorned the parlor
mantel.
His grandmother, of whom he was
very fond, was taken Suddenly Ill. For
some time after he leat.ied Of her con-
dition he sat in brown study. Then,
as II coming to sudden resolution, he
tptoed into the sickroom and, eau
dously approaching the bed, fixed his
serious big brown eyes upon his dear
relative and said, with a little culver
in his voice:
Say, grandma, If you die, which
would you rather be-buried or stuff
ed? Cause II you're buried we can't
see you no more, but If you're stuffed
we can set you in the parlor."
Grandma Immediately began to
mend.-LondOn Scraps.
Coeur d'Alene evening press. (Coeur d'Alene, Idaho) 1907-1929, 1908-01-18

General Stoessel. placed ON trial for
his reputation as man and a soldier
and perhaps for his life, is being dealt
the usual need Of Justice" as 1t Is
conceived by Russian autocracy. lie
has been denied the testimony of wit
nesses whose evidence Is Of the utmost
Importance to him. The indictment
charges him with having surrendered
Port Arthur when there was no need
Of doing 80, and he only asked the
privilege OF calling witnesses to show
that he had but 5000 ablebodied men
with whom to defend several hundreds
OF miles of breastworks. Even the
japanese generals who received his
surrender offered to testify In his be-
half. but Russia will not hear Of 1t.
Having Inundated Kuropatkin, her
best general, without foollng anybody,
Russia would gladly make an effectual
Scapegoat Of StOessel, so that when he
10 out OF the way she can say to the
people: "He did II. We have removed
him. and our honor is cleansed. See
how the little father loves your
But nobody, even In Russia, Is de
ceived. The very enemies of Stoessel
declare the court martial and its meth
DDS an insult and a shame, while his
comrades Of the army assert that II he
ID guilty Of treachery they are all
guilty. The defeat of the Russian arms
was not due to the inefficiency Of her
Individual generals, nor perhaps to
the poor quality Of the army's rank
and ale. but the cause OF It may be
sought and found within the doors OF
the war office itself. At Tokyo they
didn't send grand dukes out to the
front with champagne and chorus girls
accompanying them. nor were officers
placed at the heads OF brigades be-
cause they were somebody's favorite
sons. No amount Of court martaling
Of the brave soldiers she sent to the
nont can whltewash the sins Of Rus
9Aa's war ONCE.
Coeur d'Alene evening press. (Coeur d'Alene, Idaho) 1907-1929, 1908-01-18
CORONER's INOUEsTs

1t seems that the statutes do not
sanction the holding of coroner's in
quests in every case of violent or ac-
cidental death. Many times the ex-
pense of such proceeding is saddled
on the people unnecessarily. The
law Contemplates these inquiries only
when the cause of death is unknown
or there Is a reasonable suspicion of
foul play. When the cause is known
no inquest is necessary. This is the
position taken by several attorneys
of the city and one of them expresses
whimself in an interview published
elsewhere. We believe his position
is correct. The cOroner's inquest in
the Pastors case was useless ex-
pense and served only to make a bill
of expense against the county.