Semi-weekly herald., 1908-12-21

survivor was boy of IT. who was
hiding In the bogs to save his life. |
Without dissenting voice that parlia- |
ment passed what is known as the "act
of supremacy" which. in effect, rec
ognized the authority of the king as
superior to that of the pope, and con-
ferred upon Henry VIII. the title of
king of Ireland" AS compensation
his majesty conferred title upon near
" all of the Irish chiefs, O'Neil was
made earl OF Tyrone, O'Brien earl OF
Thomonde, Burke earl of Clanrickarde
and many other chieftains were ele-
vated TO the peerage. Thirteen oil the
largest and wealthiest monasteries and
400 other religious houses were sup
pressed, and their property was di-
vided among the new earls. 1t Is
estimated to have included nearly one
half of the entire wealth of Ireland.
The earls accepted the titles and the
gifts and the people made no disturb
ance, because the friars were general
ly unpopular for the same reason that
they were unpopular in the Philip
pines. Professionalism was officially es-
tablished, and Henry VIII was pro-
claimed Defender of the Faith and of
| the Church of England and Ireland on
Earth the Supreme Head" This also
ference by the people, but when the
venerated relics of the saints and mar
tyrs including the sacred staff OF st.
| Patrick, were burned in the market
place of Dublin the trouble began,
The attempt to force Professionalism
on the country broke down all local
and personal rivalry, and the people
united against the crown.
Thereafter the Irish parliaments
were entirely Protestant, for all citi-
zens who would not accept Protestant
ism were disfranchised. What are
known as the penal laws" were pass
ed by the parliament of 1895, and
they were the worst that have ever
been given to Ireland in the form OF
statutes. Those who did not accept
the Protestant religion were forbidden
TO preach or TO teach or to send their
children to school No Catholic was
permitted to buy land or even take a
lease for life, and IL a Catholic in
herited land he was placed under
Protestant guardian. No Catholic
could be guardian to child; no Cath
olice could vote or hold office. Cath
olics were not allowed to live in GER
tain cities; they were not allowed to
own arms. and any Protestant was
authorized to take possession of any
horse owned by Catholic by offering
him the sum of pounds sterling. All
Catholic clergy were expelled from
Ireland, and any who returned were
adjudged guilty of high treason, for
which the punishment was death
These laws were intended to suppress
the Catholic religion. but while they
succeeded in impoverishing and de
grading the people. they only strength
ened their faith, as has been the result
of all prosecutions.
In 1929 the lords and commons oil
Ireland determined to demonstrate
their Importance by providing an ap
propriate parliament house. and the
building now occupied by the Banl
of Ireland. well-proportioned, classic
structure of one story, with an impos
ing portico, was erected. Its low ele
walton suggests the Bank of England
and It's windowless walls inclose cour
from which the rooms are lighted ant
ventilated. There are only two en-
trances-a private door in the real
and an imposing gateway in the front
where two sentinels are always OF
command of corporal comes from the
barracks every morning and remain.
twenty-four hours. The corporal re
ceives two shillings sixpence and eacf
: OF the privates shilling, besides theil
meals, which are abundant and vel
cooked, and are served in mess
room. Two hours on and four hour.
off, two soldiers pace the portico be
hind the long row of Ionic columns
saluting each other as they pass.
The Bank of Ireland, like the Banl
of England, is only a semi-official in
stitution, being the financial agent TO
the government, the official depositor!
and disbursing agent, with the priv
lege of issuing notes.
The site was occupied by hospita
founded by George C. Carey during tn,
reign of Queen Elizabeth. and it wa.
made the official residence of the vice
roy by Sir Arthur Chichester, who
reigned from 1904 to 1915. and wa,
therefore known as Chichester house
Parliament met there first after the
restoration of Charles H., and ais,
under William Ill, when the grea
struggle for Irish autonomy began
The authority of the British parlia
ment TO pass laws for an unrepresent
ed portion OF the kingdom was boldly
challenged by William Molyneux, {
, member of the Irish parliament fol
l I'm a., D 4