davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Birmingham age-herald., 1908-12-06

normal training school. This school Is doing much in making teachers and na- tive preachers. Many of the teachers of the mission schools throughout South Africa have been educated there, and it has done much in bringing European pu- pills to an understanding of the native character The institution consists of a large central building, a score of dormito- ries, many workshops and a hospital Connected with 1t is a farm on which the boys work and all sorts of manual train ing are taught The morning hours are devoted to study and recitations, and part of each afternoon to work upon the farm and in the gardens and shops. The school has it's military drills and phys ical training. It has a brass band, and the white and black boys play cricket to- gether. Every Friday evening there is a literary society, and there are occasional lectures, papers and debates.
 The girls have their own industrial work, and learn dressmaking, cooking and laundering during their stay. It is not difficult for Lovedale graduate to get a job. Many of the former students are now interpreters, some are clerks in the government offices, while others are em- ployed in the stores
 Three Gents vs. One Dollar per Day.
 In Kimberley and Johannesburg, the great centers of the gold and diamond industries, natives are now paid about Sl per day. This Is considered enormous wages for this part of the world. Only a generation ago natives were paid cents for 10 or Il hours work. Then ax would buy an OK and a string of glass beads pay negro for carrying load of 70 pounds hundred miles through the wilds. These are the wages that still prevail in parts of Uganda, British East Africa and German East Africa, and the white men there will tell you that 1t is wrong to pay more.
 I remember a talk which I had with a government official of British Central Africa. We were talking about the na- tive labor, and I asked whether it was possible to get any work out of the blacks of Nyassaland He replied:
 "Yes, we get some work from them, but both the government and private indi- viduals are spelling the labor market. The African is great big child, with the muscle of man. He ought to be treated as a child and be punished when he is bad. It used to be so that the officials had this power. If native did not obey he was brought up for punishment. He was then laid down on the ground and given 10 1ashes or so with a hippopota- mus whip. This hurt him somewhate. but he took 1t as matter of course and did better thereafter. Now the laws are such that we can only imprison him for small offenses, and we have to try him before we can give him corporal punish ment.
 "As to labor" this man continued. 'the
The Birmingham age-herald., 1908-12-06
Weak Necked.

From the Philadelphia Bulletin.
 Miss Mary Coleman is the New York lawyer whose wit and eloquence turned last month a suffragette meeting in Wall street from failure to success.
 "A man doesn't need to be henpecked to support our movement" Miss Cole man said afterward. Tt is wronging men to say our male supporters are like like"
 Miss Coleman smiled.
 Like this,'' she said. "A tall, stout woman seated herself before the haber- dashery counter of a department store and said:
 T want to get some collars and neck ties for my husband.'
 ''Yes madam" said the clerk. What size collars? ?''
 The woman drowned and bit her lip,
 Sugar" she said. ITO save my life, I can't remember"
 ..Thirteen? Twelve and half?" the clerk suggested.
 .sWhy, yes-twelve and a half" said the woman 'IIow did you guess it?'
 The clerk smiled.
 .Gentlemen who let their wives select their ties and collars take that size." he said.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1908-12-06

houses of the village. These are of dif- ferent shapes in different localities. In Matabeleland they consist of frame work of twigs woven together and plas- tered with mud and in Zululand they are matched down to the ground. In many parts of Rhodesa the houses are made of framework of sticks smeared with the clay from the white ant hills. This is a natural cement, and is used for all sorts of buildings. In that coun- try the negroes have granaries of mud and they also make pigeon houses of it and put them on high poles to protect the birds from the wild animals and dogs The ordinary granary is the size of a hogshead or larger. It has q hole in one side, which is stopped up with clay after the grain is put in. In Zululand thu grain is kept in huge baskets inside the huts.
 Own Several Houses.
 In kraal like this one man owns sev- eral houses. corresponding to his number of wives. In the principal hut he will live with his great wife," and on the right of that will be the hut of the spouse known as ''the wife of the right hand" while on the left will be that devoted to "the wife of the ancestors" whose chil- dre nare supposed to carry the honors of the family. If there are other wives, their huts are built farther over. Each wife Is supposed to own her own hut. and the husband is expected to spend a week in each before he goes to another.
 In the same way each wife has her own garden or field, which she -cultivates and for which she alone is responsible. The women do all the planting, hoeing and reaping, and the more wives man has to work for him, the richer he is.
 As far as the stock Is concerned, this is usually cared for by the men. Milking
The Birmingham age-herald., 1908-12-06

negro works all right if you do not raise his wages. When we first entered Brit ish Central Africa he was satisfied with a shilling. Then we gave him 8 shillings, and now private parties have come in and are building railroad they want steady labor, and are offering shllings
 "Six shillings? A dollar and half a days?" asked l.
 'No; shillings a month. It is too much, and the worst of it Is that the na- tive will expect that wage right along, and he cannot see why he should not have 1t. It is a great mistake"
 Taxing the Natives.
 "A dollar and a half a month is cents ad day" said l. "That does not seem much to me And even out of those wages I suppose the natives have to pay taxes"
 Yes; we collect shillings year from the well to do and those who have the cash; and we make all others give us a months work on the roads, or he must bring certificate from his employer showing that he has done work to the amount of shlllings when his taxes are remitted."
 Tn other words, every black man must give one month of every year to the gov ernment," said l.
 'Yes; it amounts to about that" was the reply.
 Tn South Africa zhe natives are charged a hut tax and they also have to pay dog taxes and wife taxes Every time a man is married he pays 10 shill- ings to the government of which DOT ton goes back to his chief. In Cape Col ony he pays license fee of from 62 cents to SIPS on every dog over three months old, and the dog tax of Natal Is about the sar1e. In one year the natives of Natal paid s11 900 in marriaige fees, and am told that a black man has to pay $25 to the government there when he gets di- vorce
 The hut taxes of Cape Colony are about 10 shillings per year per family; IA shil- lings is the amount of that tax in Natal and 10 that of Rhodesia. They recently raised the tax in Basutoland to s5, and in Natal a higher rates is paid upon all houses of European construction.
 These taxes may seem low to Ameri- cans, but they are large Tn comparison with the wages of the people, and so large that they lead to the crowding of the natives, several families or unmarried adults often living in one hut.
 Among the kaffir Workmen.
 So far only a small proportion of the South African negroes has been greatly influenced by the whites. There are alto gether between five and six million abo- rigines below the Congo Free State, and I venture that those employed in the mines, on the farms and in the cities will not number, all told, more than 300,000. There are something like 100000 in the
The Birmingham age-herald., 1908-12-06
The Negro Question is Agitating
 The South African Whites

somewhat by government grants ana are under government inspection The na- tives have to pay fees, which cover great part of the cost, and in some dis- tricts they have given money for the building of schoolhouses. The govern ment grants are about one-third as much per pupil for the native as for the whites and the education given them is but lit tie more than the three Rs. It is the same in Natal and also in Basutoland and Rhodesia. There are now about SO,- GOO in Natal and 1O000 in Basutoland.
 The Kaffrs of the cities are fast com ing to the realization that schooling pays, and they are now anxious that their children should learn. A Johannesburg merchant told me of Kaff1r tenant Of his who was educating his 16-year-old daughter He was asked why he did so and replied that he had noticed that the white man was of little value without an education and, if so, why not the black man? He said that he did not know that his girl would teach school. but that he was bound that she should learn.
 At present the negro here has no op- portunity to get a college education. He is not allowed to go into the universi- ties of South Africa, and as rule the people would rather keep him uneducated. They look upon the natives as their God created hewers of wood and drawers of water. and they want them to continue so. They would rather that they should not own real estate nor go into business The mechanics and foremen, among the whites. would rather not have the blacks learn trades, and they desire to keep the labor of the two races distinct.
 The Lovedale Co-EducationaI Scheme.
 As to the coeducation of the races there l. .1rx l.. f--t., that is carried on to any extent. This is at Lovedale, about 500 miles northeast of Cape Town. There is a missinoary train ing institution of the United Free Church of Scotland at that place, and in it the whites and blacks are educated together. It is a sort of boarding schol, with some thing like 800 pupils; and it might be called an academy, although it has all the branches from the kindergarten to the
The Birmingham age-herald., 1908-12-06
.HE white people here are becoming
Cape Town.

Cape Town. THE white people here are becoming
 excited over the negro question. 4 During the past six months have visited every colony south of the zambesi and the better class of Europeans every where have fears of a race war in the future. In the United States we have one negro to every nine or ten whites. Here the proportion is almost reversed. There are more than five black men to every white man, and the black men are beginning to appreciate their possibili ties. Within the past year or so they have been stirred up by some missiona- ries of their own rac@ who are said to come from the United States. The sect is known as the Ethiopian Episcopalians, and they are at work in Natal, Cape Col ony and the Transvaal. Their pastors preach the equality of the races and urge them to stand up for their rights.
 I have seen negroes in all the cities of South Africa. They wear European clothes, and the crowds one sees about the stations are as fully clad as are the negroes of our small southern towns. In many localities they are beginning to resent their treatment by the whites. In Johannesburg, for instance, they ob- feet to the laws which keep them off the sidewalks and allow them to go only in the middle of the road when walking along the streets. They do not like the jim crow trailers to the electric cars, and they are asking for more schools.
 Educating the kaffir.
 So far the most of the education of the Kaffir has been by the missionaries. There are now something like five mill lions of him south of the Zambesi, and his school children are numbered by the tens of thousands. In Cape Colony there are no government schools for the na- tives. Their education is carried on by the mission schools, which are aided
The Birmingham age-herald., 1908-12-06
By Frank G. Carpenter
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time is at Il o'clock in the morning, and then the men, stark naked, do the milk ing. They take the milk, in water-tight baskets, to their huts and pour it into skin bags, where it is allowed to stay un- til 1t ferments. The Kaffirs never drink fresh milk, but they eat this kounis, or fermented milk, with their boiled grain or mush. They always have their big meal at noon, when the men eat first and the women and children take what is left
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1908-09-23
Death Of MIR. Hammond.

On Wednesday last Mr.. Thomas
P. Hammond died at his home in
Augusta, and was buried in the
North Augusta cemetery on Thurs
day. Mr.. Hammond's health had
been on the decline for more than
a year, but a ehort time ago he
grew suddenly worse, death re-
lleving him of his suffering. He
was descended from the distin-
guished South Carolina Ham
mond family, having moved to
Augusta only four years ago to
make his home.
Mr.. Hammond is survived by a
wife, who before her marriage, was
Miss Julia Hammond, the eldest
daughter of the late Major A. j.
Hammond, and Ole daughter and
four sons.
Mrs. Hammond is a sister of
Mrs. J. II. P. Roper. Mr.. Roper
ATTENDED the funeral Thursday.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1908-09-23
Session Of 1sos-0s.

On Wednesday next the South
Carolina Co-Educstional Insti-
tats will throw vide its doors to
receive the old and new students
that will come from all parts of
the state.
The outlook for a prosperous
year vas never better. The same
strong faculty of laet year has
been retained for this year, with
one or two additions. Despite the
short crops, low prjsss that pre-
vail, and the recent freshet, Col.
Bailey will when sll of the students
arrive have every place filed. This
syeaks we'll for!his splendid i'll.
stitution. Disasters may come,
but it is go we'll established in the
coafidence of the people that its
dormitories will be flied. The
sSudents are expected to arrive on
Friday, the 18th and regular work
sWill begin on Wednesday.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1908-09-23
Firm and Dignified."

Judge James W. .DeVore reach
ed home on Friday after holding
court in Greenville for two weeks.
He left again on Monday to pre-
side in Anderson this vNsk. AS
his Edgefeld friends eA scted,
Judge DaVore is filing the posi-
tion of circuit judge with honor
and credit to himself and to the
state. After he had presided for
two weeks in Greenville, making
many friends while in the Noun.
tain City, the Greenville News of
Friday bad the following to say OF
Judge DeVore:
yesterday afternoon the Court
|of General Sessions, after a two
weeks session for this term, ad.
iourned. This is the first time.
since his elevation to the bench,
that Judge DeVore has presided
at court in this city. The concen.
sus of opinion among those who
watched his course during the two
waeks of the term just ended, is to
the effect that the Legislature was
wise in clothing him with the ju-
dicial ermine.
.A gentleman of the old school
he was fair and fearless and bis
acts were ever characterized by 8
proper conception of justice. Di-
rect in his charges to the Jurors
he was at the same time firm and
digni6ed."
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1908-09-23
Comforting Words.
Many an EdgefieId Household
VIII Find Them so.

To have the pains and aches of a
bad back removed; to be entirely free
from annoying, dangerous urinary dis
orders is enough to make any kidney
sufferer grateful. To tell how this
great change can be brought about
will prove comforting words to hun
dreds of Edgefield readers.
Mrs. Wesley Royal, living on Union
ST., Aiken, S. c., says: 81 have used
Doan's kidney pills and can say that /
have been greatly benefited. fsuffer-
ed great deal for several years from
kidney complaint, At tim es there was
a dull aching in the kidney regions and
l also suffered from headaches. Doan's
kidney pills did me a wonderful amount
of good and l shall continue using
them as | have great confidence Of
their curative powers.
For sale by all dealers. Price Scots.
Foster-Milburn Co., Buffalo, N. Y,
sole agents for the United States
Remember the name-Doan's--and
take no other
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1908-09-23

G. 4. U. than any other audience
in south Carolina, striving as
they were for the betterment Of
humanity and the destruction OF
the monster. intemperance.
The next convention will be
he'd in the city of Columbia,
when tbs National President, Mrs.
L. M. N. Stevens, Of Maine, is ex-
pected to be present.
There was still another pleas
ant meeting of an old acquain-
lance for the Edgefeld ladies.
Mrs. w. 1. Herbert Of Utopia,
>Newberry county, upon investiga-
lion, was found to be the daugh-
ter of Mr.. John Chapman who
wrote the history of Edge6sld
county, formerly Miss Sue Chap
man, we'll known to many EDGE.
field people. She was one Of the
BRIGHTEST and most attractive
delegates at the convention.
The ladies from Edgefeld were
entertained at an afternoon re-
ception at the home of DR.. Robert
BLACK who married Miss Matte
Newsom of Williston. Both of
these were students in our school,
and feel much indebted to Edge
field for finding each other. A
pleasant part of this reception
was meeting Miss Hattie Newsom
who had come, she said, from her
home in Williston to sec the
Edgafeld people. The people Of
Ban berg are besiegihg har'3to
teach in their graded school, but
she is holding herself in reserve
for us, as SION as she can leave
her home. A dining was given
complimentary to Edgefeld, at
the home of DR.. J. B. Black on
Tuesday.
Mrs. j L. Minis.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1908-09-23

So is j Z b IN 3
9c5 bbarI 5lZi
ID D ciock. kslsjw me TO urge
upon each union that they have
q delegation attend said meeting.
Brethren, if your unions have be-
come lukewarm, stir them up. We
cannot afford to let our organiza-
tion lag or die. So let me urge the
necessity of every union going TO
work to fget every farmer, achool
teacher, preacher, doctor, black
smith and all others who are
eligible, to join inlthis great work.
Encourage the ladies to join Us.
There are no charges for ladies, we
need their influence. Every locali-
ty should have a union. If any
section wishes a union organized,
please notify Bro. g W. Scott, of
Johnston, or myself at Parksville
and one of Us will meet with you
ct any time named. Let me say to
officers of local unions, 60 to
work, bring in new members, al
low none to remain out. This is
great and righteous fight. All
true patriotic citizens. should join
with US, in our effort to save the
posterity of our country from
serfdom. I shall invite Hon.
Frank 81. Weston, of Columbia
to address us. Should he BIZ able
to be- with us this will be a public
address and the public is invited.
Col. W ] Talbert has promised us
a speech on this occasion.
| Yours fraternally,
w. R. PARKS.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1908-09-23
Great Damage From Freshet.

Great Damage from fresnet.
Mr.. W. H. Ryan who now re-
sides near Clark's Hill was in
Edge6eld ON Saturday, and in
speakinglof the damage that the
recent freshet did IN his section,
he stated that the farmers who
had fine corn on the river have
not an ear left. All who planted
the river Bottoms would have
made corn to sell, whereas now
they will have to buy every grain
that is used on their farms.
Mr.. w. S. Middleton built hil
hay barn several fleet above the
highwater mark of 1888, aud the
freshet of 1908 rose five or six
feet in his barn, damaging a
quantity of hay. Nixon Bros. had
some of their hay washed from
their barn, and Mr.. Henry
Adams barn was carried away by
the water.
On being questioned concern.
ing the fruit season, Mr.. Ryal
replied that the crop was toe
large to be profitable to the grow.
ers this year. He has about 5,O0(
trees, from which he made some
money, but the season was not
as profitable as it should have
been.
The people of the Clark's Hill
vicinity. reflect good judgment in
not confning Themselves to one
crop. Besides cotton and corn
they grow hay, fruit and toma
Toes. A large quantity of toma
toes have been shipped this year
from Clark's Hill.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1908-09-23
A Later Authority.

The sciencs of flying is so new
tha4.even the Century Dictionary,
published IN 1889, does not con-
Htain. either s'aviatlon" or "avia-
tor.n We shall soon have a new
vetb-''aviate," and a needed
group of adjectives.-The State.
The Standard Dictionary, pub
liahed in 1893 by the Funk &
Wagnalls Company, of New York.
contains both :s'ayiation" and
aaYiator." The former is defined
ss'the art of flying" and the lat.
teras "machine for self-suppor,
and populsion through the air: Z
fcfm.of aeroplane."
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1908-09-23
A Paying Invostme ut.

Mr.. John White, of 3S High
land Ave-, Houlton, Maine, says
"Have been troubled with a cough
every winter and spring. Last
winter / tried many advertised
remedies, but the cough contin-
ned until I bought a SOC bottle
of DIR. Kings New Discovery; be-
fore that was half gone, the cough
was all gone This winter the
same happy result followed; a
few doses once more banlshed the
annual cough. 1 am now convinc-
ed that DR.. Kings New Discovery
is the bast of all cough and lung
remedies" Sold under guarantee
at w E Lynch & Co.. Penn &
Holstein. successors to. G L Penn
& Son,B Timmona drug stores. Soc
and 90. Trial bottle free.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1908-09-23
Mt. Canaan Baptist Association.

Mt. Canaan Baptist Association.
Mr.. Editor: Please allow me
space to speak of tho opening of
Mt. Canaan Baptist Association.
1t will meet with Pleasant Grove
church, which is four miles north
west of Edgeield. G. H., October
the first, second and third. 1908.
The public is cordially invited to
attend.
According to arrangement, the
rally sermonawill be preached by
Rev. Z T Wslker, of Augusta, at
10: 30 Friday morning, aud Rev.
Richard Carroll. of Columbia.
will lecture Friday night at 8
O'Clock. We invite our white
friends to be with us Oh Friday.
There will be reserved seats for
all who will come.
Rev. F. A. Weaver.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1908-09-23
Spectators Control

Aiken county farmers ars call
Ing to Senator.elect Smith to do
: what he can to raise the price of
cotton. If the belief is at all gen-
eral among the planters that Mr.,
Smith is able to boost the price OF
the staple, there is going to be
macy disappointed. Cotton may
coup. or it may go down, but it
isn't in the power of Mr.. Smith or
anysother man outside of specula-
tors to bring about the change
GrsenYille News.
Il is unfortunately true that
sspeculators" largely fix the price
of cotton, but this should not be
the case. just as merchants fi1
. price for their merchandise
just as professional men fix 9
price for their services, so should
the farmer control the price OF
his produce. The southern former
having practically monopoly Of
cotton production, this should be
especially true of the great staple
that clothes the world. However,
as long as pressing obligations
force the farmers to market the
bulk of the cotton crop in three
months of the year, instead of in
twelve months. but little relief
can be expected.
The key to the situation is fol
those who produce cotton tc
gradually become independent
by making as many of the every.
day necessities at home as possi-
bic, which will enable them to
hold the cotton on their farms
until . satisfactory price is cffer-
ID for It.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1908-09-23
A LOYAL Democrat.

According to unwarranted
charges made in the late campaign,
one would expect Mayor r. G..
Rhest to take the stump for Taft
and Sherman; but such is not the
case: Early in October Mr.. Rhett
will at the request of the national
Democratic executive committee,
make tour of Nebraska, Iowa
and Illinois, delivering addresses
in the interest of,Bsyan end Kern.
This does rot sound like Mr..
Rkett bears any taint of Repub-
licanism.