davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Birmingham age-herald., 1908-07-31

644d good middling, 6. 2Sd; middling, 6.02d; low middling. 5.64d; good ordinary, 5.o6d; ordinary, 466d. The sales of the day were 5000 bales. of which 300 were for specula- ton and export and included 3S00 Ameri- can. Receipts 5000, including 6200 Ameri- can.
 Futures opened quiet and steady and closed barely steady: August 5.6l1ad. Aug ust-September 5.2Sd September October, 510d; October November 5.031ad; Novem- ber-December 4.9SIad; December-January 4.94d; January-February 4941ad; Febru- ary-March 495hd; March-April 4.96l2d; April-May 497
The Birmingham age-herald., 1908-07-31
WHEAT MARKET
 SHOWS STRENGTH Reports of Black Rust Cause
 Prices to Advance CLOSE NEAR HIGH POINT Corn Goes Up In Sympathy With Wheat and Continued Hot Weather. Oats Also Made an Advance
 On Good Demand.
CLOSE NEAR HIGH POINT

Chicago, July S0.-The wheat mark ct was strong today owing to active de- mand based on black rust reports from the Dakotas At the close the September delivery was up X e 1c. Corn was s4@ 7sc higher; oats were up 9se provisions were 5Q15c higher.
 The wheat market was strong all day with the exception of a brief period of nervousness at the outset when prices dropped a tri1e below yesterdays closing quotations. The dominating factor during the session was the sil- uation in the northwest where thenew crop, 1t Is claimed, is in danger of be- ing injured by black rust. Nearly every commission house reported on the board of trade had dispatches claiming that rust blight had appeared in the wheat fields Of North and South Dakota. Many of these dispatches, however, as- serted that it was still uncertain whether or not the crop had been seri- ously damaged. A falling off In re- ceipts in the southwest helped to in- spire bullish sentiment. There was liberal realizing at times, but all oi- ferings were readily absorbed. The market closed strong with prices near the high point. September opened lac lower to bc higher, at 901s @90 ss e, sold at S9%c. and then advanced to s12 Q915sc. The close was at Is c 91Ac. Clearances or wheat and flour were equal to 134,4O0 bushels. Minne-
 f,l.g f11 ceipts of 474 cars, against 46s cars last week, and 3s7 cars one year ago.
 Corn was strong chifly because of tn. advance in wheat. The market was affected to some extent by the hot dry weather now prevailing over almost market at Liverpool. An advance Of 1c in the price of the cash grain also had bullish influence. The close was strong. September opened b Q Ac lower to # 5sc higher, at 737s o 73%c, and then advanced to 74Ssc. The close was at 74hc. Local receipts were 160 cars, with IS of contract grade.
 Oats were strong on active dema d brought out by crop damage reports from the northwest. Cash houses re- ported few acceptances on overnight bids, and this tended to strengthen the market. September opened ssc higher, at 445sc, sold at A 4ssc and then advanced to 45A 945asc. The close was at 44%c. Local receipts. Al cars.
 Provisions were strong owing to a 1o@15c advance in live hogs. Local packers were the principal buyers, all though there was considerable buying for investment account. At the close September pork was up 15c. at $15.77 1s. Lard was Dc higher. at $9.5o. Ribs were 71ac higher, at s9.
 Estimated receipts for tomorrow Wheat, 271 cars; corn, POI cars; cats, TIT cars; hogs, 14,000 head.
 Cash quotations were as follows
 Leading Futures ranged as follows:
The Birmingham age-herald., 1908-07-31
Local Staple Groceries. fcorrected daily by Franklin. Stiles & F'ranklin)

Franklin.)
 Anples-3-lb cans, per dozen. soc.
 Axle GrAase-3 dozen to case, Dit.- mond. s1.sj; Mica. $S.25.
 Mitchell. S5c: Bull Head, soc; dozen case Der dozen, Palace Car, $1.50; S-ih cans to case, per dozen, Campbells, s5c: Dog Head. soc; lib cans. dozen
 Baking Powder-Per case, Good Luck. so75. Hi.Lo, $3.75; Parrott and Monkey, sIs0; Horford's Bread Preparation. s450: lib Rumford, $2.50.
 P1a ackberries-2-lb Griffin Farm ? dozen to case, per dozen, 95c. oo Ra skets-1 -bushel, wire display. each. <, 5o: h bush el. s1.25.
 'iRlueing-Spurlock No. 5. dozen to poR ushes-Rice root per dozen. S5c.
 Candies-2O and 40 sets to box. per set, 10c. ,.a st,ck u enc. penny goods per box, soc. 7Ceemnbell's Goods-Tomato, vegetable oh icken. OK tail. bouillon and assorted soup tomato and tobasco catsup, salad ano. olb baked beans, per dozen, 95c: Heef steak catsup, per dozen, s2.
 Cereals-Per case, Cream. of Wheat, s45O EggoTSess go Ts Msnpa sorn ates s1 so ssss Nuts s2.7O; Hudnut grIts, per barrel sa's5: per 150-lb sack, sl.75; Shredded Wheat Biscuit, per 50 package case. s5.
 Cherries-No. l Tennessee pack, 2-lb cans, cherries in syrup, per dozen g.
 Chewing Gum-Per pox, 55c.
 Chicken Tamale-Per dozen. 90c.
 Chili Con Carne-Mexican. per dozen. soe; Ch hocolate-walter Bakers h-ib premium, per pound. 4Oc A lib. sweet, per pound. 30c h lib cocoa, per poune. 45c; A lib cocoa, per pound 45c; w. II. Bakers, A lib premium chocolate, per pound, 3Sc; A lib cocoa, per pound. 40c. Citron-10-lb boxes, per pound. 22hc. Clothes Lines-40 feet. braided cot ton. per dozen. S5c.
 Clothes Pins-Per box of gross, 65c. Cod Fish-2O-lb bricks, per pound 7c. Coffee-Green, 11@l3c; Arbuckles. S16O5 Porto Rico. s16.05. S435 Pet. S2.90 Lime Brand. $4: 16-oz Columbian Cream, $3.60 2o-oz Coluni- bian Cream. s410; Carnation Cream. Corn-2-lb cans, Occidental, per dozen S5c; No. (Maine), 2-lb. Lilac brand. per dozen. $1.10,
 Currents-Little Brook brand. 12-oz packages, AS to case, per pound. 711c.
 Galvanized Ware-No. l tubs, per dozen, $6; No. ? tubs. per dozen. s6.50; Gelatine-Cox's, per dozen. s1.S5; Knox's Sparkling, per dozen. $1.29; Wetmores, per dozen. 45c
 Grits-92 pounds. $175..
 Hominy-3-lb cans, 2 dozen to case. Jar Rubbers-sure Key. per gross. COG.
 Jellies--All kinds. per dozen. 1s-oz. ice tea tumblers, soc; Mason Jar, soc; Mason jar (New Era). $1.40; S-oz tum-
The Birmingham age-herald., 1908-07-31
Racket Among the Owls.

Chicago July 30.-Factional differences in the Order of Owls reached the superior court here today, when the faction head ed by John w. Talbot filed suit to enjoin H. Preston Pratt and others from depos- ing Talbot and others from their offices and from changing the name of the order. The complainants aver that at Knoxville in June the defendants illegally deposed the complainants and sought to change the name of the order.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1908-07-31
Hubbard Bros. & Co.'S Letter.

New York, July 90-(Special.)-A local estimate of the crop conditions makes 1t Se.5 in anticipation of the government figures tomorrow. These are thought to be probably s3 or whereabouts and the market awaits them without interest, be- lieving the estimate simply an average of guesses with these guesses based upon the unvarying good conditions of the past few weeks Of greater import will be the effect of August notices tomor- row as indicating the possible intent of the recent buyers of that delivery. Trad ing Is reduced to a minimum and the market is stagnant.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1908-07-31
New Orleans Cotton Market.

New Orleans. July 30.-Cotton: Spots were quiet with prices unchanged; mid ding 1Ossc; sales were 564 bales on the spot and S9 to arrive.
 Futures opened quiet and steady, 2a3 points below the close yesterday, due to unfavorable advices from Liverpool. The market was marked by considerable dull ness on account of the approach of the bureau report next Friday, the general expectation that it would probably be somewhat bearish and the fact that little interest is to be taken on either side of the market just at present. This con- dition prevailed during the morning and without the development of any import ant factors during the late session. the close was steady, with the active months 4 points below the close yesterday.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1908-07-31
Metal Markets.

New York, July 3O.-The London tin market was higher today with spot quoted at G13S and futures at 9139 5s. Locally the market was quiet, but higher in sympathy with the foreign gain at s3O. .371s93O. 621e.
 An advance of los was reported in the London market for copper, with spot closing at 959 15s and futures at 96O los. Locally firm and shade higher.
 Lead was shade higher at f13 5s in London. Locally firm and unchanged. Spelter declined to a19 in London, but locally the market was firm and higher at $4. 70Q4.75.
 The London iron market closed at 49s for standard foundry, and at DOS for Cleveland warrants. Locally there was no change.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1908-07-31
LANHAM IS DEAD.
Former Governor of Texas Passes
 Away at His Home.

Weatherford, Tex, July 9O-Former Gov. s. W. T. Lanham of this state died at his home here last night. after an ill., ness of several weeks, aged 62 years
 Governor Lanham was native of Spartanburg, S. C., and served during fhe civil war as a member of the Third South Carolina regiment. He removed to Texas in 1866, and was elected a member of Con gress in 1SS3, serving until 1S93 Two years for eight years. As governor he served two terms his first term beginning in 1903 Funeral services will be held here Friday.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1908-07-31
Coffee Market.

New York, July 30.-The market for coffee fJ'ures opened irregular at an advance Of points to a decline of 5 points, only one month being higher, while other positions were unchanged to 5 points lower owing to lower primary markets and liberal Brazilian receipts. The market closed steady, net unchanged to 5 points lower. Sales were reported of 15,5OO bags, including July at 5.90@ 5.95c; August, 57Oc; September, 5.65Q5 roc; December, 560c; March, 5.65c; May, 5.70c.
 Spot quiet; Rio, No. 2, 6hc; Santos, No. 4, Sssc; Mild dull; Cordova, 9AQ121sc.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1908-07-31

blers, soc; soz glucose. 45c; large pails, si; small pails, sec. Catsup-Per dozen. Certified brand. I Kraut-S-lb cans Nigger Head. soc: Silver Fleece, sec; Silver Thread, soc; Van Camps. 95e i5-gal kegs. each. sa; Lamp Goods-Chimneys 6 dozen to i case, per case; No. l, s2.25; No. ?, ss; assorted. s25o; burners, dozen to case. per per case case No see No. 2, sd. a5e; wicks. Lye-Per case. Red Seal, dozen to case, s375 Favorite, 1 dozen to case. sl.6o; Giant, dozen to case. s1.7s: dozen to case. $3.65; Daisy. dozen to case. s1.s5. L Macaroni-Eagle brand, per lb. 7c; spaghetti, per lb, 7c; F ID packages. 50 packages to case, per case, $2.
 Mack kerel-No. 2, 100 count, $7.50. Matches-Per case, Blue Hen. s1.6o; per, gross Globe. s5c; 8 gross lots. Mince Meat-s dozen to ease. At more's, per case, $2.75; Palace Car. s2,7o; certified, $2;25; Loyus,. s2.25. oil Cans-Galvanlzed, l gal. dozen to case per case $2.
 Okra and Tomatoes-2-lb cans. per dozen, soc.
 case, per dozen, s2.25
 Olives-No. 1. 4 dozen to case. per dozen 90c; No. 8, dozen to case. s1.50.
 
 to case, per dozen, sl.
 Pancake Flour-Blue Ribbon, 36-2's $S; whole wheat. lo-1o's sS;5o; Graham s3; cracked wheat. 24-2's. s2.50; Scotch barley, 24-2s, $1.20.
 Peaches-Pie, No. 8 cans. per dozen. s11o; oh oice evaporated 50 lbs to box. per pound 12i2c.
 Sugar-Granuated 5Ac; Y. C., 51kc. Molasses-Centifugal 20@35 sugar house 40c; Georgia cane, new crop, 43c. Ia A1 Do. O1rr tomatoes 3-lb tins, soc; tomatoes, stan dard S-lb tins, $1.10; 2-lb. soc; black berries, standard, 95c.
 Pepper-Grain, 16c, ground 200. Prunes-Box, 40-50 per h. TIC. White Peas-Per bushel, s3.25.
 Rlce-Tuli head. 7c; Jap. Sc; low grade, IA Q4Ac.
 Peas-Per bushel, Buckeyes, ss.25. Soap-Octagon, sS90; Lenox. s3so: s5.75; Big Deal, s1.sO; Pay Day. s1S5: Grandpas Wonder, $3.S5.
 Soda-Arm and Hammer brand, 60-lb starch-Bulk. 4c per lb; celluloid. Ginseng-Per pound. ss.5o@45o. Flour-Fancy patents, ss.50; Nellie King. s5.40; second patent, s5.15.
 Flour, Meal and Feedstuff. Corrected daily by Tennessee Mill Col Flour-Fancy patents. $6: Nellie King s5: second patent $4.75.
 Meal-Satinette. s7hc bushel; s6-lb bags, Si.90.
 Corn-Kiln- dried, No. mixed, 97Kc. Oats--No. ? mixed, Csc; No, 66o: white clip, roc; Texas, 65c.
 Pure wheat brand. ton. s26.
 Cotton seed feed meal, s23; prime, S2S. Corn chops, so pounds, S1.45.
 Corn hearts, 100 pounds. s1.50. Shorus-Ton, $29.
 Hulls-SOlb c. S. s1o.5O; ioolb. c. :. $11 ton.
 Hay-Choice Timothy s22; No |. Timothy, SIS; Johnson grass, $14; clover. mixed. SIS; choice green alfalfa. s20.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1908-07-31
Bonds.
Money on Call.

New York, July 30.-Money on call easy, 1@1A per cent; ruling rate, closing bid and offered at 1 per cent. Time loans were more active and firmer; 60- days, per cent 9O-days, 214@21s per cent; six months, per cent
 Prime mercantile paper, 31sQ4 per cent; sterling exchange steady. with actual business in bankers bills at $4.S6.90 for demand and at $4. S5. .4OQ4. .S5. 50 for 60-day bills; commercial bills, &.83a4@4.S5; bar silver, 52%c; Mexican dollars, 45c; gov- ernment bonds steady; railroad bonds ir- regular.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1908-07-31
Dry Goods,

New York, July SO.-An active trade was done by the large jobbing houses in the dry goods market during the day, and some very good orders were received for dress ginghams and flannelettes for prompt delivery. The primary market remained quiet and unchanged. Some of the brown cotton mills will shut down for two weeks beginning next Monday. Raw silk is higher, but the mills are not show ing any disposition to order large quan- titles for the days figures.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1908-07-31
Naval Stores.

Savannah. July 3O-Turpentine firm 373& @371ac; sales, 7S3; receipts, ITS; ship ments, 16. Rosin firm sales, 3165; receipts, 39O3; shipments, 245 stock, 14S,153. Quote: A, B, c, s2. .5o@2. 50: D, $2. .6oQ2. .66; E, s2.7O0 2.sO; F. s3.1O; G, ss.15@3.1714; H. $S.5o; I. s 39O; K. s4.S5; M, s5.4O; N, s5.90; VIC. 6.35; wv, $6.d0.
 wilmington, N. C., July 30.-Spirits tur- pentine, nothing doing; receipts, 7 casks. Resin steady, s2 25; receipts. 221. Tar firm, $1.5O; receipts, II. Crude turpen- tine firm, $2, $2.6o and $350; receipts. 50.
 Charleston. S. C.. July S0.-Turpentine
The Birmingham age-herald., 1908-07-31
banks and Trust Compnnie.
Quiet In Hayti.

Washington, July 3O.-The political sit uaton in Hayti is at the present mo- ment calm.'' says dispatch received at the state department today from Minister Furness. An American gunboat is at Port au Prince, where the minister re- sides.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1908-07-31

steady 9e1kc; sales, none. Rosin, steady: sales none. Quote: A, B. c, $2. 45a2. 50; D, $2.55a2. 60; D, s2. 65@2.70 F, ss93. .05; G, sS.O5@3 10; H, $40; l, sS.sO; K, $4.75; M, $5.3O; N, $5.S0; VIC. s6.25; wv. 6.3o.
 New Orleans, July 3O.-Receipts, POS bar rels rosin, IS barrels turpentine Exports none,
The Birmingham age-herald., 1908-07-31
Notice.

The annual meeting of the stockholders of the Birmingham Fertilizer companv will be held in their office. 6s3-4-5 First National bank building. Birmingham. Ala. on Tuesday, August Ii, 1908.
 7-2s-St s. N. CORE. sedretary.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1908-07-31
Treasury Statement.

Washington, July 30.-Todays statement of the treasury balance in the general fund shows: Available cash balance s206.- 251 0s0; gold coin and bullion, $42,S54, ,4S2; {; gold certificates, $37 330 990.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1908-07-31
Fruits and Produce. Corrected by Douglas Bros.)

Cabbage. Virginia, per lb. 2c onions, yellow Danver, per lb., 2hc; rutabagas, northern. per lb., l hc; potatoes. Irish, Triumphs per bu.. S5@ soc; sweet pota- toes, Cullman. per bbl.. sS.50; apples. new crop, per crate, SIPS; peaches, El- berta. per crate. $2 grapes. S-lb. bas- kets 35c: cantaloupes, per crate, $2: watermelons. each, 10@2 zoe; pineapples, Florida per crate, s3.50 lines, per hundred s1; pears, cooking. per bbl., $2.75; California Bartlett. per crate, $2.75; plums, California. per crate, $1.75; peaches, California. per crate, s1.50; lemons. fancy Verdelli, per box, $4.50; lemons, choice Verdelli. per box, s4; bananas. per bunch, s1.25@$1.50; cheese fancy full cream. per h., 16c; peanuts. fancy Virginia, per lb. 7c: choice Virginia. per h., 6c; peas. Cali fornia blackeye, per lb.. 6c; beans, navy per bu., SS; beans, Red Kidney, per h.. 5c; beans, Lima. per h., SEC; eggs, Tennessee candled. per dozen., 1Sc; Ala bama and Mississippi candled. per doz., 16c; hens. each. S0Q35c; flyers. each 12h @S0c.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1908-07-31
LOCAL PROVISIONS.
Cotton Marke'
Meats.

Meats. Rib bellies, 9.4212 c 10hc. D. s. clear bellies, 9.S5Q 10.55c. ID. S. extra short ribs, 9Ac. D, S. fat backs. S.S0c. Smoked clear bellies, II hc; fancy, sc. Hams, smoked, 13@141sc: California. S12c. Iard-Leaf, iOAc; compound. SEC Pork loins, He; spare ribs, Sc. Ham butts, 1ohc; Boston butts. 1Oc. Shoulders. Sc. Brains Sc; beef flyers, 7c. Pork sausage, Sc.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1908-07-31
Cotton Seed oil,

New York, July 30-Cotton seed oil easy; prime crude nominal; do. yellow, 43c.
 New Orleans, July 3o.-Cotton seed oil, prime 42c.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1908-07-31
DRs. DOZIER & DOZIER,s

DRS. D0ZIER 6 DOZIER'S MEDICO-sURGICAL AND ELECTRO
 THERAPEUTIC INSTITUTE.
 117k North Twenty-first Street. BIRMINGHAM ........... ALABAMA
 A strictly high-class institute ror the scientific treatment of all chronio Nervous, Blood. Skin, Rectal. .Fena ,o and to-Urinary diseases, DAforr,i ties, Tumors, Stiff Joints, Cancer I,, pus, Malignant Ulcers, Rheumatiss and Consumptionl Hemorrhoids, Varfcocele, Hernia .na venerial Diseases of every name.
 nature form and character. .-.
 also treated and n legal GUARANTEE OF CURE WILT. mn,
 GIVEN IN EVERY CASE.
 Our equipment, consisting of - kept Prescription Department. x-Ra, Violet Ray, Static and Galvano- Fa r' die apparatus. Super-Heated Air. Elaa- trio Light Cabinet, Eureka Nebn1;se and Ozone Inhalations for nose, threat and lungs and thoroughly eoujnnaS Surgical Department, modern ana ,,,, to-date in every particular, give us . prestige over all competitors fin A.. bama in our special line of practice Correspondence Invlted-COnsuItatiar am
 and Examination Free.
 Question list sent free on request Of out-of-town persons.
 Terms liberal and confidence held i'm violate. Office hours a. m. to D. n, Sundays, a. m. to 1 D. m. A FEW OF MANY INDORSEMENrc
 FROM THE PRESS,
 The Birmingham Ledger: The D-s Dozier are without doubt the best known specialists In the south. ans tn cir fame Is due entirely to their great skill.
 The Birmingham News: Both rs o. T. and Byron Dozier are. reliable and experienced physicians and sur geons who deserve the great success which has been and lis theirs.
 The Age Herald: Drs. Dozier's long standing and approved abilities enti- tie them to the proud distinction of standing at the head of their profes- sion.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1908-07-31
liverpool Cotton Market.

Liverpool, July 3O.-Cotton: Spot quiet, ,rices easier; American middling fair,
The Birmingham age-herald., 1908-07-31
New Orleans Cotton Futures.
 ODen, HiRh. Low CIose

New Orleans, July 3O-Cotton: Spots quiet; low ordinary 57sc nominal; ordinary 6 11-16c nominal; good ordinary Skc; low middling 9ssc; middling 10ssc; good mid ding 10 13-16c; middling fair Il 5-16c nom- inal; sales 65S; receipts 143; stock, 51 ,0Oi
The Birmingham age-herald., 1908-07-31

Total sales day shares
The Birmingham age-herald., 1908-07-31

$9,673, 1896 ". P. G. HARDING. President.
 J. 1T. BARR. THOMAS HOPKINS, Cashier.
 THOMAS BOWRON. J. E. OZBURN, secretar
The Jeffersonian. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1907-1917, 1908-02-20
BROTHERS, DEFEND YOURSELVES.
San Gabriel, Cal.

Mr.. Sam J. Hampton, of Fort Worth, one
of the best known organizers in Texas Of the
State Farmers Union, having the future well
fare of this great organization of farmers at
heart, has drawn up the following paper in
tending it to be plan for the further uniting
the farmers Of the union movement to give
such expression and force as will bring re-
suits, tangible and beneficial He is anxious
that all the Local Unions in the State should
get to work and discuss this plan of his, sug-
gest amendments that will make it more bind
ing and effective and more certainly bring
about the purposes for which the Farmers
Educational and Cooperative Union was or
ganized He further asks all papers which
are friendly to the great body Of farmers who
have Joined the organization to benefit them
The Jeffersonian. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1907-1917, 1908-02-20
PAGE SEVEN

Local Union No. ......, ............ county,
Of Texas, each for himself and to help all
other farmers hereby enter into the follow
ing compact and agreement, to wit:
LIST. To plant and cultivate sufficient food
crops as will produce food for ourselves and
animals
End. To discourage and avoid as far as pos
sible the credit and mortgage systems.
Bird To refuse to sign any and all mort
cages or contracts that will prevent us from
cooperating with brother farmers in the mar
keting Of crops.
4th That all of our marketable crops shall
be sold through the Union system, and that
we will not dump all or any part of the crop
on the streets to the injury of our brothers.
9Th. To give weak or distressed members
who have procured advances on their crops
while cultivating same, the privilege Of early
markets, so as to relieve their distressed con-
ditions
9th. To husband our resources and if nee
essary curtail our expenditures, so as to con-
form to prospective or actual ability to
meet all obligations incurred while making
and marketing our crop.
9TH. To plant reasonable acreage Of cot
ton, which we can conveniently cultivate and
gather without neglecting food crops, and that
will not interfere with the schooling Of our
children.
9Th. To pool and use all available money at
our command, to assist our weaker brother
in making and marketing crops.
9th. That if any member should need ad-
CONTINUED on Page Fifteen)
The Jeffersonian. [volume] (Atlanta, Ga.) 1907-1917, 1908-02-20

etc. You know Washington once said fatter-
ing things about farming and agriculture, but
Washington or Jefferson ever heard R. R.
whistle nor a mowers buzz-these things, i.
e., the railroad and the machinery, have made
it necessary that the Government should guard,
shield, protect and instruct the men who cult
vate the SOIL On the contrary, the United
States has said, in effect, "Devil take the hind
most in farming" The United States has got
to the point Of knowing that almost everything
Uncle Sam used to have is now exterminated
Gas the buffalo,, or is appropriated Gas coal
land forest). In the United States and State
Governments and their legislatures the rail
road is the great appropriation, or at least more
general-the oil interest and steel being close
second.
Recently by United States Commission Of
investigation by the Agricultural department
it was ascertained that in the state Of New
York the taxable value Of the farms of that
state had deprecated or diminished by the
amount Of $170,OOO,OO0 in the last twenty-five
years. The wheat fields Of France are in
North Africa The wheat is ground in France
and bounty Of so cents, am told, is paid
for every barrel Of -four exported; this is to
keep the bran at home and to manufacture
the wheat there; the soil is as rich in France
today as it was one thousand years ago.
If this bounty could be given in the United
States we would retain all bran in the United
States; manufacture all our wheat at home;
feed and fertilize all our bran and save be-
sides according to Gov. Mount) about six mill
lions Of dollars; but this would be to the in
terest of the American farmer and would prob
ably be declared unconstitutional How then
can we protect the farmer, keep our people at
home and be just to each other9
Primarily by public ownership Of the rail-
roads, usnig them to keep the farms fertile,
to carry the mails and that we may own Con-
gress, State Legislatures and the courts Of JUS
tice; then perhaps we would not legislate ag-
gressively to make the banker and manufac-
turer rich and the farm poor. The tariff boun-
ty to ton of steel is So; to ton Of wheat
it is 1886 (by the Mount theory.
A. B. CHAPMAN