davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Southern farm gazette. (Starkville, Miss.) 1895-1909, 1908-08-15

Tho process OF moulting Ia very
facilitating. and a hen constitution
ally weak from any cause In O
than apt io die from exhaustion II
she IL not we'll cared for. At mouli-
Ing time. which lasts. II natur II al
lowed In takc IT'S courao. ninety days.
but which can be reduced with n 1T
tie extra attention to nifty or sixiy
days. The fowls should be fed we'll
on fai.fovming fr~si. and a, this time
there In little danger OF having over
IA, hens Where has lots Of sun
dover seeds these should be fed lib
orally four times u week. throwing
the heads down on the ground and
allowing tho hens ia pick out the
seed. Where no sunfowcra have
been grown. tn. feeding Of cotton.
seed meal II tho next beat thing.
Feed al III" rate ri n xiii. In sos,
feed. To eight h~as tour times a
week. ton's have tho mixed feed
bran. cora-m.al and cut greens of
IN Kind ~cs. btu; In y csumbly
state.
The Southern farm gazette. (Starkville, Miss.) 1895-1909, 1908-08-15
Diet for Moulting Time.

Dear Uncle 10: ! noticed In your
paper last year something about
feeding hens ground co,tonsecd meal
10 make them shed" Please lot
me know what to iced and when II
should be fed TO them.
A. W. THORPE.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1908-07-19

STA. We are doing what we can to wipe
out the diseases and at present we are as
free from the various cattle pests as is
any part of your country. We quaran-
tine against all outside stock, finding that
the natives respect the laws. Indeed. we
are having more trouble from the whites
than from the natives. To show you
how little of the available country is
used for stock I would say that we have
only about 10000 cattle in southern
Rhodesia when we could support millions.
We have 10000 goats and about 100000
sheep
Can you give me some idea of your ma
tive population"
I'VE have comparatively few natives
negro population of Rhodesia Is not larger
than that of some of your southern states.
We have. all told. only about 100000 ma
tives in our whole territory and they are
scattered over a country which is per.
haps one-seventh the size OF the United
States proper. They are, as rule, quiet
and easily controlled. but they have not
enough wants to make them a good work
ing force. You see. the average negro can
needs several cattle and a corn patch, and
in addition only enough cash to pay his
taxes. We tax each man Ell, or S.. a
year. This includes the tax for one wife
If he has more than that we make him
pay 10 shillings year for each extra
wife,
II should think that would be a pre-
MUM on monogamy," said I.
when we fixed the tax we thought 1t
might be- replied the administrator, but
it has not. The natives can make money
SO easily that they can quickly earn the
10 shillingS needed for every extra wife,
and the extra wives more than pay for
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1908-07-19

has one of the finest climates of the
world. The former Is almost as large
as California. and it is healthy. The
rainfall averages twenty-eight inches.
Here at Salisbury the altitude is about
4 700 feet and in coming inland from the
ocean l have crossed country which is
more than mile above the sea. The
most of Rhodesia is a rolling plateau AID
as far as l can see much of ii will some
day be covered with the homes of white
men.
came to Salisbury from the Indian
ocean by the Rhodesia railway. This be-
gins at Beira, and after crossing Portu-
guese East Africa runs across Rhodesia
to Bulawayo, where il connects with the
main line of the Cape to Cairo railroad.
The distance to Salisbury is 374 miles.
and 1t took us two days to make it on
account of the recent floods of some of
the rivers. Our first two hundred miles
was through the Portuguese territories
These are low and unhealthy. We rode
for hours through swamps, n here l was
told that the construction of the road has
cost mans life for every tie in the
track. We we're shown one bridge where
eight men were eaten by crocodtles dur
ing it's building. We now and then passed
through swarms of locusts and our car
windows had to be covered with wire
screens to keep out the mosquitoes.
AS we approached the western end OF
the Portuguese colony the land rapidly
rose, and at Umtali. on the borders of
Southern Rhodesia, we came into noun
tains equal to the most beautiful of the
Alleghenies. Here the track wound this
way and that in horseshoe curves, so
that, standing on the rear platform. We
could sometimes look into the eyes of
the engineer On the locomotive. We
passed through thick forests. and finally
came out upon a high rolling prairie
covered with luxuriant grass. There are
but few farmhouses and few native viii
lagos There are no fences anywhere,
and the land looks as it did when God
made It. There seems to be plenty of
water, and the country appears fitted to
support a large population. The prices
of lands are. 1 am told. something like a
dollar an acre, and more or less. ac-
cording to location. I doubt much, how
ever. whether the markets and the pres
ent state of the country would warrant
the coming of American colonists.
The Capital of Rhodesia.
I wish 1 could show you this capital
of Rhodesia. If you could lift it up and
drop 1t down in the United States it
would not be out of place. Indeed. it
would look much like some of our best
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1908-07-19

amounts to $500 and $3.50 for each of his
three board clerks. These clerks. after
four years service on the exchange, can
place their names on the waiting list"
and become members on nomination or
the committee. Their entrance fee Is
$3.50 in addition to the annual subscrip-
ton, and they must own one share OF
stock and find two sureties of $500 for
four years.
An ordinary member must have the
nomination Of a retiring or deceased
member. as on the floor of the New York
Stock Exchange. He must pay an en-
trance fee of $500, own three shares and
find three sureties of $500 each for four
years. Such figures are g. mere bagatelle
compared with those Of the American
stock exchanges. The Bourse, in Paris,
however, holds the worlds record. The
number of members on the exchange In
be worth 100000. nomination on the
death or retirement Of an active member
costs 100000. The candidate must prove
to the committee that he has 100000
working capital. and must deposit with
the French treasury $4,000 In cash. and
with the stock exchange committee an
sther $4,000 In reaay money.
This year the applications for member
ship Of the London exchange number but
seventeen, where usually there are 100
or So Tie waiting list of clerks is
scarcely fifty. 1t is. usually 800 strong.
One holiday member alone asks for re-
admission.
There are some strange ways Of doing
business in London on change. For in
stance. business is interrupted twice
month by Settlement day. This occurs
every two weeks--at the middle and end
Of the month. In each instance it lasts
four days. Counting holidays and Sun
days, this leaves the London, stockbroker
seventeen or eighteen days month for
actual transactions on the floor. The
first of the settling days is devoted to
mining stocks. The second Is for general
stocks and bonds and tie third is name"
or ticket" day. when all purchasers of
stock must accept their purchases made
in the previous two weeks or suffer &C
cordingly. The fourth day is the settling
day proper. when all moneys are paid.
Those who may wish to carry over their
stock from one settling day to the next
called q 'contango'-tuat Is, price or
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1908-07-19
a. 5z3E1 IN, jALlo6URY

southern towns of 1900 population, ex-
cept that these buildings are finer. more
artistic and more substantially built. Ire
material used is chiefly stone and bricks,
the roofs being made of galvanized iron.
The residences are bungalows, with wide
verandas running about them and with
low, overhanging roofs. Every nome
has a garden about 1t filled with the flow
ers and plants of both the tropical and
temperate zones. There are roses and
morning glories, as well as flowers which
would grow well in Florida or Cuba
The business blocks are chiefly of stone.
There are many large stores with Wen
displayed windows and stocks OF goods
which would be considered excellent in
any of our cities of three times this size.
One can buy anything he needs and many
American >things are sold. l see our
canned goods and American cottons
among the articles in the windows, and
outside the Unemployment stores are
plows from Moline. ILL.,, and reapers and
mowers from Chicago and Springfield.
Ohio
I find Salisbury much alive. 1t Is a
modern town. of fun, clubs, public amuse-
ments and high prices. 1t has its social
swim and it has its cricket grounds. golf
fields and tennis courts The high fences
of the latter are covered with morning
glories. and the balls are thrown back by
hedges of green leaves spotted with flow
ers of bright blue. The little city has a
library 1t has three banks and a cham
Der of mines 1t has a hospital. a half
dozen churches and a newspaper which
comes out every week.
Everything in the town is high priced.
/ took ride in a jinriksha drawn by
negro and the charge was 81 cents in
gold. could have had the same service
in Shanghai, China, with pig-tailed
coolie as my horse, for cents in silver.
I went out in an automobile for day
last week and the charge was $50 there
for. 1 took a glass of mineral water
this morning. 1t contained one-half pint.
and 1 had to pay 81 cents for it. The man
who sat next to me at dinner was charged
81 cents for a Scotch highball. A cup of
tea at railroad station costs % cents
and all other things are about the same
proportion. My hotel rate here is $431
day, and the hungry eyes of the walters
are always asking for fees. usually buy
photographs wherever / go in addition TO
my own. which 1 have developed by the
local photographer. The price here for
making sx1O copies is s1.25. and when
asked the photographer this afternoon to
make me a rate of $40 per dozen he
hemmed and hawed and said he couldn't
really afford to print them at that
FRANK G. CARPENTER.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1908-07-19

1urOSuOTCOu oITeeI, Luc houS
commission agreed upon. If it is a seller
of stock or bear" who wishes to stay
delivery for a further two weeks, the
commission charged is called by the
strange name of "backwardation.'
Dealers in American stocks are also
given a peculiar title They are ar
bitrage Dealers They buy in the New
York market and try to unload at
profit the next day in London. There is
great difficulty in dealing in American
stocks here because of the difference in
time. While New York brokers who deal
with the English market may be at bust
ness at ) o'clock in the morning, the
London broker would be Mortified at the
mere idea of unusual hours The official
financial day in England ends at pm.
one hour later than in the United States.
After this hour the business is done on
the street" a species of curb market.
The American market, on the close of the
stock exchange, retreats from the Amerl-
can posts on the floor. through spe-
cially built door. called the American
door. into Shorter's court. This is a lit
tie cul-de-sac about forty feet square,
just off Throgmcrton street and backing
up against the exchange. For an hour
or more 1t is crowded. especially In sum-
mer. and one hears the familiar shouts
of Katy" and 'Nipper" and Sunsets.
The crowd is not composed exclusively
of jobbers and their clerks, for while In
view of the difference IN time this Amerl-
can market is recognized by the stock
exchange, 1t is not official and there is no
one in authority to prevent sightseers
from entering.
Astoria, after banking hours. is trans.
acted at the "Throg." the City Athe-
naeum Club and the City Club. The first
named. a luxurious underground restau-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1908-07-19

rant on Throgmorton street. is the cafe
par excellence of the stockbroker The
last named are his clubs. The City Club
is the rendezvous of the bank presidents,
the financial and mercantile magnates
of London and the provinces. The CITY
Athenaeum Club is situated in Angel
court, a narrow little alley just opposite
the exchange. 1t is the haunt of the
broker and the jobber. Here. as well as
at the City Club. come daily men whose
names are household words on Wall
street, on the bourses of Berlin, Paris,
ST. Petersburg, every capital and every
country in the world. All languages are
spoken. The South African contingent.
the men who rule that part of the specu-
lative market known as the kaffir circus,
is to be found here in large numbers.
II was Barney Barnato VITO gave this
club its nickname of Thieves Kitchen"
which has stuck to it ever since. Barney
that has gone down into stock exchange
history. All the leading financial news
papermen are members of the club, and
one dull day Barney began chatting some
half dozen editors who had gathered to-
gether to exchange notes. You fellers
don't know nothin' about real literature"
he said. "TIl back myself for wine for
a paragraph that for style and language
and everything else will knock all YOU
fellers silly
The challenge was accepted referee
appointed, and in a few minutes the pa.
pers were thrown into a hat. The referee
to wins In a walk He then read Bar
ney's paragraph, as follows: Il promise
to pay $500 to the referee for his kind
ness in conducting this competition" It
Is scarcely necessary to state that the
$500 was spent that night.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1908-07-19
The Heart of the Worlds Richest Square Mile

square miles of old London and 1t is the
richest square mile in the whole world
This is on the authority of Chairman
Wagstaffe Of the London assessment COM
mittee, who gives as Its valuation the ire
mendous figures of twelve and half bill
lions of dollars. The principal section of
the financial district u.s. of course that
Immediately surrounding the stock ex-
change. There is Lombard street, Throg-
morton street. Threadneedle street, Corn
HILL Capel court and Shorters court
Bad times on the stock exchange are
felt elsewhere, particularly in the West
End, where the gay and festive broker
and his prosperous clients were wont to
spend the evenings and much money.
The restaurants. the theaters The florists.
the jewellers and the automobile trade feel
the slump. Here are some instances
worth quoting. A smart West End jew
eler, whose annual rent is $4,000 and whose
weekly expenses are $50. had takings,
only few days ago, which barely aver
just as big and fashionable a crowd every
night. yet the manager declares he is
barely paying expenses. People are not
drinking Wines but mineral waters" he
told me. They order the same style of
meals. but cut out the little accessories
the coffee. liqueurs, cigars and so on.
from which we. with the wines, make our
best profit
Similar complaints are heard from the
automobile people. They say that few
cars are being sold; that owners who
usually at this season buy the latest mod
els are hanging on to their last years
cars. For the bad times half the stock
exchange blames the radical government.
with it's alleged socialistic tendencies; the
other half blames the United States.
= The records of the stock exchange are
not good reading this year. The market
price OF share in the exchange is only
500, yet its par value is $50. and the last
dividend was nearly $55 In the period OF
acute depression. the last two and a half
years. there have been thirty-four ham
merings'-those tragic occasions when
waiter Of the exchange has mounted the
rostrum and hammered three times on
the desk, announcing the failure Of a
member. In the same time quite 1000
persons having the privilege of the floor.
including clerks. have retired from the
profession. They have been forced to
take up other occupations, os, wishing to
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1908-07-19

output from these is steadily increasing
both in quantity and quality. Gold min
ing in the Transvaal requires an enor-
nous capital. Here 1t can be done upon
a small scale. and We are finding good
paying propositions scattered over the
country. Those already discovered cover
more than five thousand square miles,
and we now have several hundred COM
panies and syndcates at work. We
have already taken out something like
nine or ten millions pounds worth of
gold, and we know that we have silver,
copper, diamonds and lead. We nave
good coal mines at Wankie. about 200
miles northwest of Bulawayo. and we are
producing something like 100000 tons OF
coal every year"
Farming in Rhodesia.
How about your agricultural posi-
bilities?" asked I.
1--WE think them very great" replied
the governor Much of the country is
better fitted for stock raising than grain
farming, but we have large areas which
will produce corn and tobacco. and some
which we think will raise cotton. There
Is no reason why Southern Rhodesia
should not produce maize equal to that
of your great corn belt. The grain is
grown by the natives, and we have white
farmers who now crop thousands of
bushels of this cereal. we have
some farmers who sell ten thousand
bushels a year. and that at consider
able profit We have lands which will
yield fifty bushels and more to the acre.
although the average is less than that"
LAS to tobacco. Rhodesian cigarettes
are sold everyw here throughout South
Africa. Our pipe mixtures are in high
favor and our cigars are popular. We
are not trying to export any tobacco as
yet. for this continent takes all that we
can produce. We expect to increase our
yield from now on. and the time will
come when we shall ship tobacco to
Europe and, it may be, to the United
States"
How about cattle?'
ut is in stock raising that the chief
possibilities for Rhodesia lie. This is a
natural stock country. In the days of
Lobengula. the native king of the Mate
beles. these highlands swarmed with cat
tie, and were it not for the various pests
the land would support vast number.
Indeed. it Is estimated that If the hay
were cut and the grass protected from
fires we could feed something like % ,OOO,-
900 cattle in northern and southern Rhode
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1908-07-19
EK1Nvc CoPN M FHo01 51

crown the right to govern and develop
this property, and he organized the Brit
ish South Africa Company for that pur-
pose. 1t was started with capital of
$5.OOOOOO along about 1890, and by 1904
its capital had been increased to $780,
100000. ALI of this money has been spent
on the property. Several thousand miles
of railroads have been built, numerous
towns established, many farms sold and
developed, and gold mines opened, out of
which forty-five or fifty million dollars
have been taken. So far no dividends
have been paid, but the company has re-
Gently been meeting its expenses. and at
the last meeting Of the stockholders it
was decided to issue 100000 additional
Ell shares. This will bring in $4,000. 600.
and this new money will probably make
the syndicate pay big dividends.
A Talk With the Governor General.
1 am writing this letter at Salisbury,
which is the capital of Rhodesia and
where are also the chief administration
offices of the British South Africa Com.
pany. During my stay here I have had
a talk with Sir William H. Milton, the
governor of the colony He is one of the
chief officials of the syndicate and has
been connected with the company from
It's beginning. He was the private secre-
tary of Cecil Rhodes at the time the COM
pany was formed, and it is onow eight
years since he was sent here as the chief
secretary and secretary for native af-
fairs. He has been connected with the
administration of Rhodesia since 1897,
and he knows. like book, the country
and everything connected with it.
1 met Sir William Milton at the gov
ernment house, a beautiful one-story
bu.i allow. which lies about two miles
from the business part of Salisbury. The
house is surrounded by we'll kept grounds
filled 18th flowers and tropical plants.
1t is beautifully furnished. and the ad-
ministrator lives quite as comfortably
here he could in England. Said Sir
William H. Milton.
you ask me to give You bird's-eye
view of Rhodesia. It would take strong
bird to fly over it in short time and
one with sharp eyes to see 1t all.
Southern Rhodesia alone is an en-
pire It is more than one-sixth
larger than Great Britain and Ireland.
and it has great areas of good farming
lands. 1t is full of minerals. Within
the past few years a number of small
gold mines have been opened, and the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1908-07-19

Special Correspondence of The Star.
Copyright by Curtis BROWN
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1908-07-19

cut their losses. retire while they still
have money. Among the number have
been several noblemen or titled men.
chief of whom can be mentioned the Earl
of Chichester. Many have gone abroad
some emigrating to the United States
and Canada. Some. 1t is said. have gone
into outside brokering as more profitable
than the legitimate profession. None,
so far as known, has taken to cab driv-
ing or sweeping crossing, the two occu-
pations to which the dead broke" sport
Of London is said to turn.
1t is on record that one broker became
the proprietor Of a saloon and ran it
himself and that another became bar
tender at a popular bar. OF the darker
tragedies OF life there have been eighteen
suicides and violent deaths of members,
and in each instance the attributive cause
has been the depression Of business
Nearly 500 members have taken ad-
vantage of the rules and applied for a
years holiday. When this Is granted
the member need not pay his subscrip-
ton until he. rejoins. This subscription
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1908-07-19
American Door"
Held.

in any part Of the wide, wonderful. fas-
flung empire of Britain, be it railroad.
mine or industrial enterprise, which does
not attempt to list on the London Stock
Exchange and which does not market its
shares in London. Add to these the thou
sands of foreign companies in which
British money is invested. and the total
is colossal Yet for over two years bust
ness has SO slumped on London's Wall
street that there is not enough to go
round even after these recent wholesale
designations. 1t is passing strange that
this should be in a country possessing an
annual income of near ten billions of dol
lars and a visible oversee trade Of over
five billions of dollars
Methods Of Trading.
But there are many strange things par
ticularly to an American, in England.
And one of the strangest is certainly the
London Stock Exchange and its methods
In the United States. If a man wanted
to deal on change he would give his or
der to his broker who would probably
execute 1t himself. If you want to deal
in England you go to a broker. But he
in turn has to go to jobber. and It is
the tobber who does the actual dealing.
A client cannot approach jobber direct.
but only through broker.
The membership of the exchange is d.
vded into jobbers and brokers. and each
member is allowed three clerks on the
floor. So that there are really some 20, 600
men who are directly entitled to the priv
ieges Of the house and the floor.
j.. The wall street" section of London as
Is the case in New York. is not confined to
a single street. The financial district Is
known as the city" and hence the finan-
editor" The city covers practically a