davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Athena press. [volume] (Athena, Umatilla County, Or.) 18??-1942, 1908-02-28

will tell you how l have done for
thirty years here in Texas, says a writ
er in Farm and Ranch. When In the
fall l begin to pick l sell when the
price suits me. Then when 1t gets !ow-
er by the rush Of cotton on the market
l place large rails or poles skinned dat
on the ground three feet apart and
place my cotton on them edgewlse, not
touching each other. After the first
rain l change the bale on the other
edge and continue this plan as late as
May, waiting upon the market and Sell
ing when l get ready or am compelled
to sell and not calling upon banker or
merchant or any other person. This
cotton, every bale, has kept perfectly
sound, and not a pound is the least
damaged.
The Athena press. [volume] (Athena, Umatilla County, Or.) 18??-1942, 1908-02-28

Prices for milk, cream and butter are
high, very high for the time of the year
and may go higher and continue high
through the winter. This prospect
should encourage farmers to do the
best possible for their cows to keep up
a good flow Of milk. Keeping the cows
in the stable on cool nights and feeding
to the most profitable point or limlt
should be practiced.
Do not undertake to winter more
stock than can be well kept, as there
Is no profit in this Use plenty of bed.
ding, so that the cows may be kept
clean. Feed the best combination OF
grains, market cost considered, for the
production Of milk along with the well
cured corn fodder, silage and good hay
advises American Cultivator Regu.
larity In all Of the work is also a nee
essary condition for the best success.
The Athena press. [volume] (Athena, Umatilla County, Or.) 18??-1942, 1908-02-28
anrninr Ont stumps.

The following method of disposins oil
large stumps is very efficacious and
labor-saving. Whether 1t would be ap-
plicable TO small hardwood stumps
do not know, but It is worth a trial
The principle is the same as In burning
charcoal, and l presume would apply
to any wood that would make charcoal.
To clear land of large stumps, dig a
fair-sized hole down by side OF stump
and build fire Of pieces Of good ire
wood, laid snugly against the stump.
Gradually cover the fire with soil, and
keep covered; IL well started and Kept
covered by occasionally throwing more
soil on where 1t Is likely to break out,
the fire will continue burning until
the whole of the stump Is burned into
charcoal. On some of our large FIR
stumps, 10 or IL feet across, the lire
will burn two months or more, and fol-
low roots down 10 or 10 feet under
ground.-F. A. Hayes.
The Athena press. [volume] (Athena, Umatilla County, Or.) 18??-1942, 1908-02-28
Root Pruning of Corn.

Deep plowing among the growing
corn, after the roots have met in the
rows may cause harm; root pruning
Is a mistake; to break the roots checks
the growth and in hot, dry weather
deep cultivation will surely cause tie
corn to curl, showing injury, while
shallow working will keep it fresh and
green. As soon as crust is formed on
the soil 1t should be broken up, to od-
NIT both moisture and air, for the one
dlssolves the fertilizing matter which
Is In the soil and the other affects It's
decomposition and renders 1t soluble
So that, after a rain which has crusted
the surface, the cultiyator should be
started as soon as the soil is Try
enough. This tends to hold the mols-
tlre and prevents its speedy evapora'
tion.
The Athena press. [volume] (Athena, Umatilla County, Or.) 18??-1942, 1908-02-28

No man can afford to head his herd
With scrub bull. The blood is an i'm
portant item, though not the whole
thing. Granted that you see the ad-
Visibility Of pure bred sire, the next
question Is how to care for him. II
you paid $100 to $500 for bull you
naturally want to give him such care
az to keep him in his prime as long as
possible. 1t is best to have stall or
shed for the bull where he will be sep
arated from the herd. Give him yard
large enough so that the confinement
will not be too severe, and be sure to
have his yard surrounded by a bull
fence. 1t is as important to keep people
out Of the bull pen as it is to keep the
bull In. If possible, it is an excellent
thing to give him pasture if you can
turn him out without having him run
with the mixers. Often there is pas
ture for the calves or young stock that
can be used. Keep him In good condl-
ton, but do not keep him fat enough
for the show ring all the year round.
1t doesn't pay. Always give him kind
treatment, but do not let him become
familiar with you.-Texas Farm Jour
ual.
The Athena press. [volume] (Athena, Umatilla County, Or.) 18??-1942, 1908-02-28

The claim made some time ago that
steadiness might be impaired to ships at
sea in heavy weather by means of gyro-
scope was received with some incredulity
by practical mariners. Recent dispatch
es from London, however, indicate that
the matter has been put to a thorough
test, with most gratifying results. The
experiments were made in the North Sea,
of Tynemouth, under the direction of DR..
Schlick, the inventor. The vessel used
was boat of the torpedo class, the See
bar, 116 feet long. The water during
the three days of the test was such as to
cause considerable rolling of vessels Of
even greater dimensions The effect of
the gyroscope was most remarkable
While the vessel heaved up and down
with the waves, the deck remained almost
horizontal 1t is said that arrangements
are being made to install the apparatus
on several commercial lines.
The Athena press. [volume] (Athena, Umatilla County, Or.) 18??-1942, 1908-02-28

No one who has Travelled In Europe
and has observed even casually can
have failed to note the superiority Of
agricultural processes there. 1t is a
shock to come home and scan our coun-
tryside with its abandoned fields, bram-
ble-covered fences, weedy pasture lands
and INTENDED buildings. In the general
hurry of America we have gone from
one soil to another with our few crops,
taking out and never giving back. We
have no class of people who think 1t
an honor to be farmers, or, II we have,
the sense of pride is lost after one gen
Grafton. Sons and daughters are rest
less to set off to the cities, where they
can find enjoyments and privileges that
country life does not afford. Even the
gentleman farmer who goes out from
town to settle beside the real sons of
the soil does not succeed in making it
fashionable for them.-Philadelp
Public Ledger.
The Athena press. [volume] (Athena, Umatilla County, Or.) 18??-1942, 1908-02-28

out time and again; that other nations
years ago recognized it as fatal and
now have armor wrapped around the
sides of their war vessels from five to
seven feet above the water line.
That. despite repeated accidents on
board our ships. the Navy Department
year after year has approved of plans
by which the greatest guns on the
ships are directly above an open shaft
leading to the powder magazine.
That other nations long since recog-
nized the criminal stupidity of thus en-
dangering the lives of officers and men
and have remedied the defect by use
Of common sense and ordinary precau-
tionary measures.
That, without regard to the protests
of experts, our battle ships have been
built so low that If the sea is heavy
and ships are In action, the sea would
wash over the vessels, render some of
their most effective guns useless and
practically leave the ship to the mercy
/ VI Iu0 eu6tHys
The officers In the American navy
who command the battle ships and
squadrons are too old; that under ex-
listing conditions young men cannot at
tain command. and that the service is
badly crippled as result.
That there Is too much bureau man
agement" In Washington too mnch
red tape in the Navy Department !;
that American genius is stlhed because
of the bureaus Immersion In details,
and that with the Secretary of the
Navy a civilian, he should have a
board OF expert advisers.
Other matters are dweIt on, but the
! foregoing are by far the most lmpor-
tant. An afternoons fight on water
sealed Russias fate In the recent war
with Japan, says Mr.. Renterdahl, and
the same may well be true of the next
war into which this nation Is plunged.
The issue is so important and the stake
so tremendous that the sea power
which is prepared In every respect to
meet the crisis viii be the victor.
The Athena press. [volume] (Athena, Umatilla County, Or.) 18??-1942, 1908-02-28

The Pennsylvania Station has made
some interesting experiments on the
value of shelter for steers being fed
1t was found that If the lots we're kept
dry, shelter was not always necessary.
Shelter has very little effect upon the
appetite of the animals, except in ex.
treme weather.
In this climate 1t is seldom that the
weather is too cold for steers on full
feed outdoors, provided they are kept
In dry quarters and out of strong
winds.
1t Is very essential for fattening
steers that they be we'll bedded
1t is decidedly advantageous that the
yard be macadamized or given an I'M
pervious coating of some kind to pre-
vent mud during soft weather. Wet
bedding and muddy yards are more IN
furious chan extreme cold.
The amount Of feed required per
pound of gain is practically the same
whether the steers are kept in a warm
basement stable or outside.
The Athena press. [volume] (Athena, Umatilla County, Or.) 18??-1942, 1908-02-28
{ {:za$S:s.f; g: :; @} SD,
The News -
N~~~-~N0~~~~
Money is suffering from bad circulatio

Money is suffering from bad circulation.
An Aurora (Ill.) physician has discoy.
cred that peanuts are beauty diet. This
ought to be circus for some people.
An Eastern banker says, I'VE want
more common sense We want also more
dollars, which are not so common now.
If prices of bread and meat keen. on
coming down, pretty soon the average
man can afford to eat three meals day.
Chief Sprybuck, the Indian who drank
quart of blue paint. is carrying the
decorative interior" fad to an extreme.
With 100000 divorce suits in ten
years, the United States is plainly in need
of national Stay Married Association"
After a while it may dawn on the. army
recruiters that the average soldier doesn't
lcok upon S13 a month as any great graft.
Pennsylvania miser who spent only 8
cents last year is dead, He just couldn't
bear the increase in living expenses.
Secretary Cortelyou is trying to i'm
pless us with the fact that stockings were
made to be worn and not to hoard money
in.
James J. Hill says the railroads need
billions of dollars. From present pros
pects it will be some time before they
get 'em.
An Italian count one American heiress
married turned out to be an ex-conyict.
Some Of the other counts haven't yet been
convicted
The Athena press. [volume] (Athena, Umatilla County, Or.) 18??-1942, 1908-02-28
Farm Notes.

Sunlight doesn't cost anything, so
have plenty of 1t In the COW stables.
Gull close when selecting the stock
for the breeding pen for use next sea
son.
Don't mix wood ashes with the ma
nure as 1t will cause loss of the am
monia or nitrogen.
Ventilation is good thing, but don't
trust to the broken window and the
cracks In the wall and around the
doors and windows to supply the fresh
air.
Keep read up on poultry matters. Get
new ideas and use them iudiciously.
Ii IL the man who has the genius OF
adapting an Idea in practical way 10
his own needs who succeeds
The Athena press. [volume] (Athena, Umatilla County, Or.) 18??-1942, 1908-02-28
Expert Declares the Boasteo Eight.
Ing Ships Are Merely Death
Traps.
ARMoR BELT IS TOO LOW
Defects In Construction Pointed
Out and Promotion System
Is Scored.

Henry Reuterdahl, associate Of the
United States Naval Institute and
American editor of "Fighting Ships"
is the author of a startling article on
'The Needs of Our Navy" In the jan
uary McClure's. Mr.. Reuterdahl's ex-
pertness on naval matters is not dis
puted and neither is his patriotism.
He agrees with President Roosevelt
that a navy must be built "and all its
training given In time Of peace" and
with this In view he exposes defects
In our frst-class battle ships and ar
mored cruisers which all but make
them useless as a efficient units In a
feet on heavy sea and in real action.
Mr.. Reuterdahl's criticisms appear
to be the more amazing on account of
the contention that most, If not all Of
the weak points he emphasizes, will be
acknowledged by sea-going officers, "or,
II the reader Is sufficiently interested,
by the testimony Of his own eyes"
His principal points are the follow
ing:
That the shell-proof armor of the
American battle ships Is virtually be-
low the water line where 1t will do no
good, leaving the broad side of the yes
sci exposed to the shells of the enemy.
That this defect has been pointed
The Athena press. [volume] (Athena, Umatilla County, Or.) 18??-1942, 1908-02-28

If the bees did not persist in dividing
their forces so frequently, much more
surplus honey could be obtained, and
the beekeeper himself would feel more
easy about his bees. In producing comb
honey in 1-pound boxes, it is necessary
to actually crowd the bees into the sec
ton boxes, for they seem loath to ue-
gin work in such small divisions, and
this crowding Is one OF the incentives
which creates the swarmlng fever.
When producing extracted honey, abun-
dant room can be given, and the swarm
Ing impulse is greatly checked. There
fore, II bees are to be kept far from
the house, and cannot be given much at
tention, 1t is advisable to produce only
extracted honey. which Is done by Civ
Ing the bees large combs and plenty Of
room, for 1t matters not whether the
combs are entirely completed or not, AZ
the honey Is taken from them and The
combs retained to be used.
The Athena press. [volume] (Athena, Umatilla County, Or.) 18??-1942, 1908-02-28
SCIENTIFIC STUDY oF BRAINS
Mans Intellectual Superiority En-
planned by DIR. Edward Splitter,


planned by DIR. Edward Splitter.
A work that scientists In all part
OF the civilized world have been await
ing with eagerness has just been issued
under the Imprint Of the American
Philosophical Society of Philadelphia
1t is study of brains, by Dr. Ed.
ward Anthony Spitzka, professor Of
general anatomy in jefferson Medical
College, formerly demonstrator Of
anatomy In Columbia University, and
an authority of worldwide recognition
upon scientific study of the brain.
Omitting the scientific terminology,
come of the most important of DR..
Spitzka's statements may be thus ex.
pressed
The white matter Of the callosum, OF
band connecting the hemispheres Of the
cerebrum, In great measure determines
the quality Of human intellect. This
cerebrum Is that portion of the brain
which lies In front of the skull, and Ia
generally accepted as the seat of the
mind. Heretofore the quantity of the
gray matter of the brain was supposed
to determine the flneness and useful.
ness of the brain.
The fibers of the callosum are the
telephone wires connecting and asso
ciating the brain centers. Disease or
injury in these Is attended by profound
weak-mindedness or downright idiocy.
Contrast Of the brain of Dr. Joseph
Leidy with that Of Prof. =. D. Cope
shows that 1t is possible not only to diff.
ferentlate between the learned and the
The Athena press. [volume] (Athena, Umatilla County, Or.) 18??-1942, 1908-02-28

1c82-Llewelyn, the last Welsh Prime,
of Wales. killed at Llandewyer.
1614-The Dutch erected blockhoust
near the present site of Albany
n. Y.
1020-Pilgrim fathers landed at Ply
mouth Rock
1642-New Zealand discovered by Tas
man.
1653-Meeting of the first General AS
sembly of the people of New York.
1699-Swedes defeated the Muscovites al
Narva.
1738-First bank post bills issued In Eng,
land.
1775-America Congress determined to
build a navy of thirteen frigates.
1776-Continental Congress adjourned to
Baltimore, on the approach of the
British.
i77S-John Jay of New York elected
president of Congress.
17S1-The British evacuated Charleston.
17S6-Sierra Leone founded as an asy-
lum for destitute negroes from the
United States and West Indies.
I705-Charles Lee Of Virginia became
Attorney General of the United
States.
1798-King Of Sardinia abdicated
1811-American ship Essex captured
British packet Nocton, with $4,000
on board.
1S13-Burning of Niagara at the In
stance of the American forces.
l816-Indiana admitted into the Union
as the nineteenth State. {. . First saw
ings bank in the United States open
ed in Boston.
1817-Mississippi admitted into the
Union as the twentieth State.
1S24-Peruvians achieved independence
by defeating the Spaniards at Aya-
cucho.
1S30-National Republican party, at
Baltimore, nominated Henry Clay
for President.
lS33-Jamaica abolished slavery.
1S3S-"Atherton Gag" law passed by the
House of Representatives.
iS44-Bill for the annexation Of Texas
introduced In both houses of Con-
gress.
iS45-British war against the Sikhs be-
gan. Ended with annexation of the
Punjaub in 1849.
1S49-Louis Napoleon elected President
of the French.
lS50-Many killed and injured in boiler
explosion on steamer Anglo Norman
at New Orleans.
lS59-Victoria bridge, Montreal, opened.
1960-Lewis Cass of Michigan resigned
as Secretary of State.
iS61-The Prince Consort, husband of
Queen Victoria, died. =. &. Large sec
tion of Charleston, s. c., destroyed
by fire.
lS62-Gen. Burnside repulsed at battle of
Fredericksburg,
1S66-Oaks colliery disaster in England
with loss of 800 lives.
18GS-House of Representatives an
nounced its purpose to pay fully the
national debt.
lS71--Alarming illness of the Prince of
Wales, now King Edward VII.
1S76-Wade Hampton declared Governor
Of South Carolina.
1S77-Osman Pasha surrendered with
his entire army.
iSS9-Congress commemorated the cen
tenary Of the Inauguration of Presi-
dent Washington.
l690--North Albania reported to be In
a state of sanguinary anarchy.
lS95-William o. Bradley inaugurated
as first Republican Governor of Ken
lucky.
iS97-Strike of cotton mill operatives
at Atlanta, Ga.
The Athena press. [volume] (Athena, Umatilla County, Or.) 18??-1942, 1908-02-28

ignorant, but that abstratic reasoning
produces one kind of a brain, while OBJ
servation and concrete philosophy pro-
duces another form.
Such abnormalities as left-handed,
ness, partial deafness and defects OF
vision leave their indellble imprints
upon the brain.
The brains of various kinds Of think.
ers show specialized developments
thus musicians brains are richly con
voluted in the auditory association
area.
The average weight Of the brain OF
an adult male Is 1,400 grammes The
average weight of woman's brain Is
1900 grammes. The brain of Cuvler,
the naturalist, weighed 1880 grammes,
that of Turgenev, the novelist, 2,012
grammes and that Of Daniel Webster,
1907 grammes.
Smallness of the occipital arc (the
curvature at the back Of the head) sig.
nIfes superiority of brain development.
This measurement In centesslmals, the
metric divlsors of a 90-degree arc are
as follows:
Average maa Observation-Disclosures. POS
Average woman .................. Z
Orang -outang ................... 23.2
Chimpanzee OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES. az
Concerning the question of weight,
DR.. Spitzka says:
''The fruitful Investigations of many
Rnatomlsts have resulted In the tabu-
latlon of thousands of brain weights
drawn from all the social and intel
lectual classes, among which more than
100 are of men Of intellectual emil
nence.
Men Of the kind who never remain
steadily employed and who usually
fall to even learn trade stand lowest
In the scale. Above them come the me-
chanics and trade workers, the clerks,
the ordinary business men and common
school teachers.
"Highest Of all we find men OF de-
cided mental abilities; the genluses of
the pencil, brush and sculptor's chisel,
the mathematicians, scholars and
statesmen. n."-Philadelp North Amer.
lean
The Athena press. [volume] (Athena, Umatilla County, Or.) 18??-1942, 1908-02-28

According to reports from Baddeck, O.
B., the tetrahedral kite Cygnet, invented
by Prof Alexander Graham Bell, made a
successful ascent on December 9. While
Ii is intended to have the kite. or aero
plane, propelled by a motor. this motor
had not been supplied therefore the ma
chine was mounted on platform floating
on the waters of small lake, and was
taken In tow by steam launch. As the
speed of the launch increased the snns-
ratus left the platform and soon scared
to q considerable height
The Athena press. [volume] (Athena, Umatilla County, Or.) 18??-1942, 1908-02-28
sIuensterberR ON Charity.

Prof. Emil Muensterberg, head of the
public charities Of Berlin, was the prin-
cipal speaker at the celebration of the
twenty fifth anniversary of the New York
Charity Organization Society at Carnegie
Hall recently, along with Mayor Nc
Clellan, Gov. Hughes and others. Prof.
Muensterberg said that charity work had
to be undertaken now in "the twilight of
widespread egotiSm and selfsnness," but
that the work had changed from purely
philanthropic to a social conception. He
Hads that private charity does Il this
country the work done by the government
b Germany.
The Athena press. [volume] (Athena, Umatilla County, Or.) 18??-1942, 1908-02-28
FARMING IN A DESERT.
There Are Colonizing Possibilities
Even in Death Valley.

The craze of demonstrating" which Is
seems to have reached its limit In the
choice of Death Valley as a colonlzina
possibility. With the idea of trans.
forming the most arid and most desc.
late portion of the great American des-
ert into farm land, a number of tracts
have been homestaked, irrigation sys,
TENS have been planned. and other
preparations are now in progress for
beginning the reclamation of Death
The Athena press. [volume] (Athena, Umatilla County, Or.) 18??-1942, 1908-02-28

or more plants each, according to the
size, as shown In the cut. The bunch
es are packed In a box for first grade
celery and eight or nine for second
and third grades. These boxes should
be practically air tight, and a lining
Of paper should be placed in them be-
fore packing the celery, or each bunch
should be wrapped separately. A COM
mon form Of crate is here figured for
shipping celery In the rough.
The Athena press. [volume] (Athena, Umatilla County, Or.) 18??-1942, 1908-02-28

valley. A railroad is already bull
from Greenwater, at the southern "a
of the valley, to the borax works owr1ed
by the celebrated "Borax" Smith of 90
mule team fame, and there Is an auto
mobile stage line through the valley.
Even enthusiasts do not claim thfatt1 thai
piping water from Telescope Peak
across the Funeral range into the vaL
ley Is also under consideration.
The Athena press. [volume] (Athena, Umatilla County, Or.) 18??-1942, 1908-02-28
NO Produce sociallstlc Play.

The Socialist Stage Society Of New
York City has for its object the produc-
ton Of plays in which socialism Is the
keynote. Its manager, Mr.. Hopp, says
that when the society is in good running
order it will be able TO assure manager
an audience of 5000 at the start for Q
satisfactory play. In the meantime Il
intends 70 produce It's own plays, which Wiiieess
it Is claimed can be done for q Tess szasIl
actual cash outlay.
The Athena press. [volume] (Athena, Umatilla County, Or.) 18??-1942, 1908-02-28
runIemeut. nnd Machtne..

With the great scarcity Of help the
farmer finds 1t necessary to supply he
deficiency so far as possible by the use
OF the best implements and machiues.
1t costs good deal on the average
sized farm to get supplied with these,
and they should be made the best use
Of and then well cleaned and housed.
The Athena press. [volume] (Athena, Umatilla County, Or.) 18??-1942, 1908-02-28

"Of course Dubley's married. Didn't
you know that?'
mo. Why, he said he wouldn't mar
ry the best woman ON earth"
Eyes, and he kept his word."-Phil
adelphia Press,
The Athena press. [volume] (Athena, Umatilla County, Or.) 18??-1942, 1908-02-28
eradication OF Prickly Pear.

The government of Queensland, Ans
tralia, has decided to offer a reward
of 10000 Approximately S50,000) for
the eradication of prlckly pears in the
State.
The Athena press. [volume] (Athena, Umatilla County, Or.) 18??-1942, 1908-02-28
Fish with Four Eyes.

Fishes have been discovered In Qua,
smala with two pairs of eyes. One pair
does duty above water and the other
below, the fish thus being able to see
equally well In two elements.
The Athena press. [volume] (Athena, Umatilla County, Or.) 18??-1942, 1908-02-28

ana SuDJecteu 10 u
spray Of cold water
to cool 1t and to re.
move the adhering
soil. After washing
1t is allowed to
drain then 1t is tied