davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington herald., 1908-08-11
DanviIIe. 6, Lynchburg, 3.

SPECIAL % The Washington Herald
DanviIle. Va. Aug. I0.-As the result
Of a spectacular batting rally in the
seventh and eighth innings. Danville won
from Lynchburg to-day in q heart-break-
ing finish
Up 20 this inning the locals had
made only two singles and 10 runs
Schuman weakened and four clean hits
netted the TObacconists two earned runs
while in the eighth two hits and two er-
rors sent four men across the plate
Walker. for Danvlle. vas hit hard. and
was replaced by Walsh IN the ninth as
an emergency measure. The game was
featured by two home runs by Armstrong
and Raley, FOR Lynchburg- Score.
The Washington herald., 1908-08-11
PLAY 1S-INNING TIE
Darkness Ends Portsmouth.
Richmond Contest.
GAME a PITCHERS BATTLE
Quinn and FIalIman Both Twill In
MasterIy Fashion, and. Are Given
ErrOrIess SuppOrt-ChampiOn Play
Fast Bal and Down Roanoke by
the Score of TO 2.
sDac3a1 n rbs ua..inr1o. Hsnls

speciaI % The Washington HenId
Norfolk. Va. Aug I0.-Richmond and
Portsmouth battled for thirteen innings
this afternoon without either team being
able 10 score. darkness putting an end to
the contest
Both Quinn and Hallman pitched mas
terIy ball. but they were also given mas
terry support. a half dozen outs being
made on each side from balls from the
bat that ordinarily would have been hits
The Score.
The Washington herald., 1908-08-11
CAPITAL CITY LEAGUE.
BrentvvOod-AtIantIc Game Is POST
PhOned-Prfntersv vs.. ST. stephens.

LANDING OF THE TEAMS
The Washington herald., 1908-08-11

When you have lost or found anything.
telephone an advertisement to The Wash
ington Herald, and bill will be sent you
at ! cent word
The Washington herald., 1908-08-11
FIRST CANE

sto=a bases-J- Clarke. Brad1sy. Bender Bases
On -afis-O-f Checl. 8 OF Bender. 3. Isft
bases-Cleveland &, PbiladelqEia T. Struck cuI-BT
Chech. g. hy Bender. 3 Double play-Chech 70
Lai1ie 70 Stovau- Umpire-Nlr. Connolly Tine q
e-me-I L--r ara 3 r------..
The Washington herald., 1908-08-11
LUSH FOOLS BEANEATERs.
Cardinal TvirIer's Teammates Make
Eighteen Hits.

Boston. Aug Il-Lush was an enigma.
and Lindauan and Boultes were ham
mered almost AZ will Score.
The Washington herald., 1908-08-11

Cincinnati 0 0 0 0 0 %
Brookly1- y1-----------------------2 0 . Ks
Len on hases-Br0oklyn. 5; Cincinnati g. Bass
ol halis-Od Bel. 2 OF Coskley 1. Struck out
By Bel. 5. BY C0akley- ?; b. Eolz. l Thres-base
hit-BeIL Tvvo-base hit-Brrch- Sacrifice hit-Beu
Stolen hases-Burch Hugrins Jordan Passed ball
Beussn- Unpi-e-Afr- RuddeTham- Tine Of sane
hour ard 20 minutes. Atrendence-zOO0
The Washington herald., 1908-08-11
INDEPENDENCE LEAGUE.
Advents Beat WaIIach and Climb a
Notch Higher.

srANn1,c - - rrANIs-
The Washington herald., 1908-08-11
PIRATES ARE D0WNED.
PhiIIfes Hand Defeat 10 Piitts5urg
Nationals, : to 4.

Philadelphia. Aug. Io-The Phiuies de-
feated Pitrs5urg to-day by a batting rally
The Washington herald., 1908-08-11

HH~ 0a--r nj Z t-Hases.
SzCifce lif-StanL Dou'
lace 70 Jones; Wagner %
bzss-Ge=zicT- Bases on
Steele. J. struck 0ut-Br
Lefr cl b1ses-St- Louis.
Messrs- Hurst and Evans
- s u-rrrss
The Washington herald., 1908-08-11

Tw0-base hit-Schaefer. Sacrifice hits
SclaefeC. COIEhlin. Shipke- Bases on
Dalls-OU Mullln- 4. on Johnson = Left
on bases-Detroit, .; Washington, g
Struck OuJ-By Muliin, ?; by Johnson. ?;
by Smith 2 Passed bsll--SJreer- Time
The Washington herald., 1908-08-11

Ilrae-b1se hit-Lanore-
le plsys-Ferris 70 Wal
-sporfe TO SrahL stolen
hsls-Of Bailey. 9. Of
Dineen. s. by Steele. 2
5; Boston. 3 Umpires-
Ime q gane-1 Eor
Albuquerque morning journal. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1903-1926, 1908-07-06
SUSPECT SEIZED FOR
MURDER OF Or, WILSON
srFe-s uay solve Philadelphia Pols-
ouing Mystery

PAs.aaaiphia. Pa. July 5-Freder-
lex Giers. foreman Of 8 department
in the press rooms ~ the Curtis PHb-
fishing company OF this city was taxi
n into CUSTODY tonight By The po-
lice a. a suspect IN connection with
h murder o. Or william r. wilson.
who died on June 60 after drinking 4
bottle of poisoned al which had been
sent % him through the local express
ofaee a direct charge has not been
preferred against Giers. whe denies
ans knowledge ~ the murder. but the
police have found events IN the iife
~ Giers and his family that tally 50
closely uith the marked points and
Incident IN the history of the Wilson
murder that they fvit bound ~ act
Iu seeking the murderer they looked
for q man Who desired % aFeuge tbs
death af his uife. Nho died while AN.
der tine treatment 81 DR. Wilson Thes
learned that Gier's wife died recent.
IS aha according Is Edward Haas. Z
FELLOW empfaye II Giers At who's
hs4as Mr Giers diaa -he hal
attended hy Dr Wilson.
Albuquerque morning journal. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1903-1926, 1908-07-06
DIPLOMATIC CORPS TO re
INTO LINZ ron BRYAN

Denver. July 5-Pennsyivania viii
swing in line with tine other states for
Bryan. declared former Congressman
s. Kerr of that state soon after
mis- arrival TO-DAY. at least f0rty-tFo
81 our votes are favorable 70 him and
while eve snail make no effort TO have
the unit rule enforced I feel conh-
dent that when the minority discover
the situation they viii wheel into
line
on being asked regarding the sith
ton wlth reference TO Inc national
committeeman from Pennsylvania. Dir
Kerr replied. I'VE 1usi have a new
deal there. we must have q m1n on
lha national committee who represents
the sentiment n sbe real democracs
~ the state. Colonel Gu1ey does not
meet that requirement
r. notice thai the colonel Is very an
tag0nistic e. Nr Bryan. That Is in
gratitude. Mr. Bryan and myself are
responsible for Gumey being IN hi
present office. They say he should BE-
upheld because b. makes liberal con
tribufIon= 10 campaign expenses Thai
Is the very reason why he should b.
relieved from duty. With him out o.
the way. / can get a thousand men
% contribute. and the money they give
viii b. their own
Albuquerque morning journal. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1903-1926, 1908-07-06
DIPLOMATIC LORDS 10 BE
RETRESENTTED AT CONVENTION

Denver. Colo. Juiy John Barrett
director Of the bureau oT American
republics, has reached the city 20
make arrangemcnts FOR the members
~ the diplomatic corps who arc 10 at
tend the convention u Is stated that
not ~ many diplomats viii make the
Grip 10 Denver as attended the Chi
cag0 convention. but the corps Will
De represented by seven Of eight Of its
members. FIR. Barrett will go before
the national committee tomorrow and
deliver a message from James Bryce.
the British ambassador and II. jus
seraud. the French ambassador. cx-
pressing their regret az not being able
t. attend the convention. Both ann
iasssdors have been Obliged 10 leave
the country for their homes 10 attend
to governmental business.
Their compliment and regrets are
tlrus t. be- officially extended to the
democratic party IS an evidence that
no discrimination was intended as both
diplomats attended tho Chicago gath
ering.
Mr.. Barrett intends also 10 urge the
resolutions committee " the onveu
tion 10 Incorporate a plank in the
platform pledging the party to do all
within It's power 10 continue the de-
ve1opmant ~ the friendly relations
between the United states ami the
Lasin-American countries 70 the south.
such q plank IS contained IN the re-
publican platform.
Albuquerque morning journal. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1903-1926, 1908-07-06

began Is arrive ana In lain = made
THAT they have received many assure
arees ~ support Robert - Burke
stated that three United States SEN
afass had ALREADY pfonered their aid
ana would assist IN tie fight Tor rec
ignition
SIR Burke said n reply - a ques-
fFans IS are here g. ger = long de-
ferrna square deal. W. are after the
scalp ~ Roger sullivan and those Of
some other enemies ~ ~ = Bryan
and traitors 60 the democratic party,
who are maeqneradIng q false gar
ments We represent the nem demo
craey - Illinois aud NE expect 20
win. w. sgaH take our case before
fhe national committee but ff denied
Justice aH4es e shall non Stop Va
win carry It t. the committee on cree
Hentials and il necessary 60 the floor
81 tire convention itself
The Htgrk@Prenties Cation viii
contend that tire state convention
whieh seEeeted tie Sullivan delegates
was Illegally hegd iH that it Was CALI
"a III 4 time which did ROT aliow for
party primaries in Cook county az re-
aalref IS luw. and that tHe delegates
e. the state convention from Cook
county were selected unlaMfuliy
Albuquerque morning journal. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1903-1926, 1908-07-06
DEMOCRATS GATHER
FOR FORMALITY OF
ENDORSING BRYAN
AND HIS PLATFORM


CONTINUED from Page {. Column -
only property acrfcc1tea delegation
from Chicago 70 this convention which
does represent him and what ne stands
for. We are his real friends ard not
pretended ones as sos-f- Others are.
We came to present our ease 70 the
national committee and to satisfy
them that we are genuine democrats
81 Illinois. and can carry that state for
Bryan next November
The contrasting delegation claims
rFentg-two seats in the national con
ranrfou. rwo ~ ~hich are seats of
a~slezate at large. All ol b con
tested districts are in Cook county
The contests are directed against the
Rnepr e. Sullivan faction and i q eon-
tiuuatiou 81 tbs bitter nght that has
been raging il Chicago for nearly Eve
years The fight cenrers about the
place 81 national committeeman from
Illinois now held hy Sullivan M the
eaufestlng delegation is seated. Suhi-
van viii D. turned down for re-eiec-
ton and MiHard r Dunlop = banker
af Jacksonville and close riedd pi
W. J. Bryan. VIII Dc chosen for the
place
Legal briefs setting forth tae claims
81 the contestants have Deen prepared
and wlll b. presented @ 20 national
committee The matter = presenttnz
tile eases and making , arguments
are in tHe hands ~ a committee -
seven. composed as follows
Judge william Prrutiss Danifi +
Jesse John J.. co1uru. Daniel J Ne
Naaan. George r AufSan. Miles J.
Davine and Robert r Burke Jadg'
prautA and Mr.. Mcmahon have
I charge ~ is. legal sta1gs - the con-
.es
The s~elexstion had "a sooner ar
rfetal ST ihaif b lans thdn aian1
visitors irum other state d~-iesatHvn'
Albuquerque morning journal. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1903-1926, 1908-07-06

r.
-
49,
4
1000 sne
y -
ar serious injury IRON che ayia
9 S.na .,, r.a -,' sa @ loss Il. aa
Pullman herald. [volume] (Pullman, W.T. [Wash.]) 1888-1989, 1908-11-27
Philosophy Of Good Clothes.

Besides the sentimental and aesthetic
reasons that exist for dressing well it
seems there is a scientific one, if we
accept the statement of London med
zeal man that a good suit of clothes
acts as a tonic on the mind Of the
wearer, while the consciousness that
one is not at ones best in appearance
If wearing shabby or i'll fitting clothes
may be reckoned as one of life's real
handicaps. In the moral support that
smart clothing furnishes he thinks
there is a source of mental strength
and activity that aids one to center
ones thoughts on the things that lead
to success in ones trade and profess
sion. To be shockingly attired and to
be constantly conscious of the condi-
ton leads the mind into worry ing
ways that dissipate healthy energy
Boston Transcript
Pullman herald. [volume] (Pullman, W.T. [Wash.]) 1888-1989, 1908-11-27
DISPLAY WAR RELICS.

At the suggestion of Mr.. K. P.
Allen, local postmaster, and one
of the high officers of the GA.
R., the cadet officers decided to
establish museum for war relics
in the new club room at the
Gymnasium. Old relics of all
wars, including the Western In
dian wars, will be solicited, and
great carewill be taken of them.
Mr.. Allen has several highly
priced relics, that he will turn
over to the officers.
These old souvenirs of the past
history are to be obtained
through the GAR. commanders
of this district, which takes in
Whitman County, Washington,
and Latah County, Idaho. AS
the articles are received they will
be catalogued and a history of
each, as far as can be learned,
will be kept for reference.
1t has been thought that this
college would be fitting place
to make such a collection, be-
cause Pullman is the yearly
camping place for the GAR. of
this district. It's ranks are be-
coming thinned yearly, soon
these relics will be unattainable.
Now is the time to make this
gathering of historical sabers,
guns, tomahawks, pistols and
banners, so that future students
may be encouraged to study the
early history of our nation, and
the struggles of our own fathers
here in our great West.
Pullman herald. [volume] (Pullman, W.T. [Wash.]) 1888-1989, 1908-11-27

When the service was concluded
Lucy Clifford slipped through the SIDE
door into the churchyard and thence
toward the opening in the stone wall
that led TO the homeward path across
lots
Elwood did not follow her. 1t would
no of no use. He was too much of &
black sheep But when the dusk fell
he walked slowly along the shore road
until he came to the old Clifford place.
IT was a long, low, brown house fac
ing the harbor Tall cherry trees over
Swallowed It's gabled roof, and thick
hedges of pungent box bordered the
winding paths, A wind swept up from
the bay and shower of blossoms fell
about him. A whipporwill throbbed
from the bough of an apple tree. IT
was like another night that was past
There was a light step on the gray
eled path startled exclamation, am
he was holding Lucy's unresistir
hands In his own.
81 have come to ask your fo"gi
ness. Lucy" he began tendery
NAY" she murmured tie
at is | who should ask yo,
narrow minded prelude e3. l.
past-I-I tried to steel my hl....
failed-and the years have tV,t
long. Allen Her voice broke.
Il know" he said slowly, but t..
years that are to come will be lon
opd sweet Cod wiIlinVp'
The whipporwill whirred away
through the darkness. while again the
cherry trees swayed in the breeze and
sent a shower of bridal Wilderness over
the lovers at the gate.
Pullman herald. [volume] (Pullman, W.T. [Wash.]) 1888-1989, 1908-11-27

F. S. Sanger, and DR.. Else went
to Palouse last Monday.
FIJI. Whitman, and Mr.. Klossner,
local cabinet maker, went to Spokane
last week.
Mrs. Edna Ralph. school teacher
of Lacrosse. is now visiting her rela-
tives who live in the vicinity of john
son.
L. A. Jones, who for the past
few months has been engaged in a
prosperous real estate business in Pull
man. has departed for Pasco. where,
in partnership with his father-in- law,
j. F. Thompson, he will organize
real estate and investment company.
"A party consisting of Bob Lyle,
Ed. Gelwick, Louie Kegley, William
Bailey, the two Halliday brothers,
and L. A. Jones, did picturesque stunts
at coyote hunting last Saturday. Sc
veral of the willy denizens of the Pa
louise and Snake river hills were
scared up, chased, and ambushed, with
fatal results to one. To aid in the
capture and Staying of the coyotes
were eleven dogs. The sensational
shot of the day is said to be the one
made by Mr.. Lyle, when he fired at a
coyote, and cut the telephone wire
thirty feet above the intended victim.
The local business firm of Whitman
& Wagner have extended their quart
ers to include the Mrs. Quarels build
ing formerly occupied by the J.F.
Farris Company. which doubles the
floor space occupied by the former
firm. Their salable stock will be
increased. principally along such lines
as clothing, and furnishings in gener-
al The grocery department will be
increased, and increases along other
lines add about one-third to the stock
now on hand. Among the new fix
lures in the establishment will be
cash carriers. and cabinets for cloth
ing. The firm of Whitman & Wagner
began business in Pullman five years
ago.
Pullman herald. [volume] (Pullman, W.T. [Wash.]) 1888-1989, 1908-11-27
MINING flHDS.
low 5ayley and Ford Discovered the
Coolgardis Mine.
ago.

WHY al VIZ ''hI''C'
In the history OF gold di sging and
gold finding many ii romantic and
tragic story is to be found. Few of
these stories, however, possess more
interest than that Of how the IA
nous Coolgardle mines, in Western
Australia, were discovered in 1892
mines which have since yielded
millions of pounds worth of gold.
Luck played a great part in the dis
covery, but it was the reward of per-
severance.
In April, 1892, two Victorian
miners named Bayley and Ford
struck out for the northeast of Aus
tralia, but after traversiHg $50
miles they lost their horses and had
to turn back. Equipped with fresh
horses, they started again on what
proved to be a long, tedious and flu
tile journey, for once more they
were forced to turn back, this time
for want of w2tar. The third at
tempt won them fame and fortune.
First they found that which to
them was more precious than gold
namely, water. They found a
natural well, known to the scattered
tribes of that PARKWAY country as
Coolgardie. Pitching their camp
beside the well, they turned their
horses out to feed and started pros
pecting the country around. Ford
picked up half ounce nugget, and
before night they had gathered in
over twenty ounces of gold. Two
or three weeks more surface pros.
pecting was rewarded with over zoe
ounces. By this time food supplies
had given out; so, keeping their own
counsel concerning their discov,
cries, they returned to civilization
laid in a fresh stock of provisions
and FASTENED back to their Edo.
RADIO.
Within a few days of their return
they happened upon the reef that
made Coolgardie. Beginning with
Slug weighing fifty ounces, they
picked out from a cap of that reel
in few hours upward of SOC
ounces of gold. Bayley, carrying
554 ounces Of gold, journeyed back
to the nearest mining town, exhib
tied his find to the mining warden
put in a claim for a lease of the
land on which this marvellous dis
coyery had been made and hurried
off to the field again with a party
that numbered $50 men, besides
coaches and horses and all the para
phernalla of prospecting and camp
ing. In their wake in course O.
time went gold seekers in hundred
and thousands. From Bailey an(
Ford's mine there we're taken in tn,
first nine years Of its history 1874,
600 ounces of gold, valued at $3.50,
600.
Almost as sensational as Cool
gardle were the Londonderry ant
Wealth of Nations "fnds." TIL
Londonderry was discovered by
: party Of unsuccessful prospectors o.
their way back to Coolgardie. Tw
of them picked up some rich gol
bearing specimens. After a brie
search the outcrop of a reef was eS
posed, from which in Tie course o
few days they took out from 400
) to 5000 ounces Of gold. From tn
; cap of the Wealth of Nations rec
gold to the value of 100000 was sc
cured in few days.-London Til
Bits.
Pullman herald. [volume] (Pullman, W.T. [Wash.]) 1888-1989, 1908-11-27

The State College football manage
ment has challenged the University of
Washington to game of football to
be played in Spokane, December 5th.
This game, if played, will decisively
decide the championship of the North
west, which has not been undisputed
for the past five years.
At the present writing Washington
does not seem inclined to consider the
challenge favorably, preferring to be
content with their present rather
shaky claims to championship. A
humour situation in football this year
is that most of the strogest teams of
the Northwest have doped out cham
pionship honors in their own behalf.
Washington State. while undoubtedly
as justly qualified to claim the cham
pionship as Washington, will be an
exception to the rule this year, and
make claims that are not substantial
ed by games instead of "hot air dope. "
Pullman herald. [volume] (Pullman, W.T. [Wash.]) 1888-1989, 1908-11-27

Joe Ashlock is transacting busi-
ness at Garfield.
Piano for rent to responsible party,
Mrs. J.E. Nessly. Artesian Hotel. ct
&C. Gildea was in the city from
Lewiston the first of the week.
LIB. Miller has moved into the
new Cameron building on East Main
street.
~ Felix L. Marineel, of Spokane,
has purchased the Star livery stable
of A. H. Hankin.
Editor f. II. Michaelson and
wife came over from Garfield Thurs
day to hear Nordica sing.
Competent woman wants any kind
of honorable work. Artesian Hotel,
Pullman. 1t.
Il. w. Sherer who has been tran
sacting business here for the past
month, left Tuesday for his home at
Midvale, Ore.
The ladies of the NJ. E. church
will serve chicken dinner, in the
basement of the Christian church,
from to 8 o'clock, on December, /.
-Messrs Cunningham, of Albion,
and r. w. Parr left the first of the
week for a couple of weeks visit in
Oregon cities.
B. M. Schick, editor of the Pa
louise Republic, accompanied by Mrs.
Schick, were auditors at the Nordica
concert.
The frame work for Chas. Par
rish's new building on Kamiaken
street is up. The structure will be 40x
60 feet in size, and two stories high.
--B.A. Ish has purchased the resi-
dence property of r. T. Douglass, on
Military hill, Mr.. Douglass will re-
move to Boise, Idaho.
w. C. Jarron who lives near Fal-
Ions, has left for a visit to his old
home in Scotland He will stop off
in Chicago and in the International
Stock Show enroute.
Principal Sampson of the Cheney
Normal, with Mrs. Sampson and the
boy, came to Pullman to spend
Thanksgiving with relatives.
Grant Clark and Lee Allen have
returned from their hunting trip
down the Pend 'Oreille river but re-
port no luck. DR.. Russell is still in
the wilds.
E. f. True. son of M. C. True,
the original owner of the Palace
Hotel and Herman Dyke, of Harrnig-
ton. are visiting in Pullman. Both
are now in the employ of the North
ern Pacific Company.
Reports from Governor-elect Cos
grove who is in California receiving
treatment at the springs, are that he
is gaining in health, and will undoubt-
eddy be able to return to Olympia in
time for the Inauguration in January.
Lost Ladies' open face gold watch
with initials "B. T." engraved or
back, lost between college armory anC
Palace hotel, Thursday. Finder please
notify Bessie Thurston, GreenCottage
Walla Walla, Wash.
Harry Windus, who has been re
isding in California for the past tire,
years, was married on the 18th inst. tt
Miss May Lynn, of Denver, Colo, tn,
ceremony taking place at Stockton. a
the home of the brides sister.
On complaint of Frank Burnett
Fred Humphrey was arrested Tuesda,
charged with the theft of a number o
sacks of sugar from Barnetts ware
house. Humphrey has been driver OF
one of Burnetts' drays for some time
The case will be heard before Justic
Swain next Monday.
Mr.. and Mrs. J. NJ. Palmerto
Pullman herald. [volume] (Pullman, W.T. [Wash.]) 1888-1989, 1908-11-27

1t is quite evident that L. O..
Meigs, elected to the legislature from
Yakima county, will be successful in
his campaign for the speakership of
the house. Mr.. Meigs is one of those
clear cut, honest and self reliant
young men in whose hands public in
terests are safe, and we hope he will
attain his ambition. He was formerly
a student at the State College.
Pullman herald. [volume] (Pullman, W.T. [Wash.]) 1888-1989, 1908-11-27

order t
the Sever
Order fC
set for Fe
p. m.
Order
change in
cember q
A chan
was order
Secrest Wa
The Fra
was orderC
The Cha
was rejectd
The Duo
and the TT
cost of sur
Mi
An Apr
6 to defray
County AID
The Cou
advertise I'd
steel bridg,
= w . ClOcl
, The repo
the constru
was asI approx
The app
have $500
which had
e real estate
the reason
old at the
was granted
The appI
license to &c
Of q Maiden,
County Con
,oI The appI
Tor license
'0wn OF Win
St State of Wa
eOunty of vi
vi, !, VIM. M
Whitman Cd
by oy certify !
a. and correct
u u the Boar
q ats said Coun
believe ~
y In witnes,
Vt e my hand
November, /
VIM. n
and e,
of Cou
D. man G
y d. L. Ker
Pullman herald. [volume] (Pullman, W.T. [Wash.]) 1888-1989, 1908-11-27

Arrasnith
Aschenbre|
Bodine S Al
Canutt V A
Casserly +
Davis BE-
Davis &c,
Davis J c, |
Dodds JohI
Lee Harvey
Long Lem
Lyons IakI
Main J W,
Mackay J n
Pafvin H NJ
Parvin jam
Pointer w /
Rotharrnal
Thilenan Il
Wellnian FL
White NJ r