davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Arizona republican., 1908-04-01

keen down the weeds and maintain a good mulch, of loose soil.
 Picking and ginning: The labor ex- pense of growing and picking cotton in Arizona :s an item that will have to he determined by the commercial grower for himself Egyptian cotton should be ginned on a roller gin as the ordinary saw toOthed gin iniures the fiber.
 Marketing: The principal market for Egvotian cotton in the United States is in New England. During the last ten years We have imported an average of 62253.617 pounds Of Egyptian cotton per year. According to MT. c. S. Scofield of the U. s. De- partment of Agriculture, the prices paid at Boston Cor this cotton during the years 19OS-l9O7 varied from 1O.1 cents to a1-9 cents. the average price per pound having been 15.3 cents. The prices Of American Middling Upland cotton during the same period varied from 5.9 to 12.5 cents, with an average of 95 cents.
 General considerations: The great est danger to ti.- cotton industry or this country at present is the boil weeyil. This insect which has done such great damage in Texas and is now rapidly spreading into the other cotton growing states, may be distrio- uted sn cotton seed. As Arizona is
 now free from this pest stringent measures should be taken to prevent it's introduction. It would be far bet ter for growers who contemplate eX- perimenting with cotton during the coming season to obtain their seed from the Bureau of Plant Industry at Yuma and plant on small scale than
 to plunge irtO extensive cotton grow
 ing and run the risk of introducing the boil weeviI by indiscriminate 1mpor-
 tations Of seed. Any seed that may
 have been already imported should be carefully fumigated at once. This may be done by means of carbon bisulphide yapors as explained in Farmers Bull
 letin 2O9 [. S D. A
 Prospective cotton growers should begin operations by organizing strong
 local associations with executive of
 ficers of known ability. By force of
 strong and loyal sentiment the asso-
 citation should control importation and selection oe seed in order to keep out the DOH WeeNil anu HOlu tHc uuo4Ae< SA the crop up to high standard The association should also take charge of
 ginning and marketing the crop.
 Because of the uncertinty of labor
 conditions, operations for the coming season should be largely of an exper-
 mental nature. and the plantings should be limited to small acreages: but at the same time there should be
 enough grown in the community to
 justify putting in a small gin and
 marketing the crop.
Arizona republican., 1908-04-01
Pounds of seed cotton Der acre. before IRipened after

to blow the ground deeply in the fall Harrow the ground thoroughly before seeding and level inequalities in the surface with a leveling drag. A few days before seeding. irrigate the ground thoroughly. applying water to a depth os at least four inches over every part Of the field.
 Planting: The best yields in Yuma in 1907 were obtained by planting March 2S, but it is believed still bet ter results can be obtained in this To- cality by planting as early as March l. In the lower Salt River Valley, planting should be done two to three weeks later. In general. cotton should be planted as soon as danger from q killing frost is past. Egyptian cotton as 1t has thus far been grown, re- quires more room for each plant than Upland cotton The best results with the Nit -Afeefy variety have been Ob- tained with rows six feet apart and single plants three feet apart in the row. It is stated that this requires five or six pounds of seed to the acre. hand planted As the process of ac- climatization progresses it may be lOuLu -iOSSlbit AO iEhNANC A4At eAiiAcNAiS of space given to each plant. If the soil has been well prepared and is free from Bermuda grass the ordinary one horse cotton drill would be the best implement for planting; other wise it should be planted bv hand The depth may be from 1 1-2 to inches. The earlier the planting the more shallow the depth, but each seed must be placed in moist soil. If cold weather follows deep early planting the seed may -ot ia the soil. or the young plants may not have sufficient vitality to force their way out of the ground.
 Irrigation ard tillage: One irriga- tiOn before. and about three irriga- tiens after planting should be given. more or less according to soil condi- tions The soil should be wet deeply. since cotton roots in loam- soil pene- trate to a depth of at least feet. Too frequent a-d very late irrigatlonS weaken the fiber and prevent the bolls from maturing before danger from killing frosts The last irrigation in southern Arizona should be given about Sept. l. Cultivation should fol- low each irrigation often enough to
Arizona republican., 1908-04-01
Variety.

Calculating on 90 per cent lint. the Mit-Afeefy variety yielded at the rate of 999 pounds, or practically two American bales per acre. If the quail ity were no better than the average imported Egyptian cotton the pro- duct of an acre of such cotton as grew
 at Yuma in 1907. at 21.9 cents, the av- craze Boston price for that year, would have been worth s219.00 while the grower would still have 23.30 pounds of seed worth 70 cents per 100 pounds in the cotton growing states. Compared with this the best Upland cotton. Rogers Big Boil. allowing 34
 per cent lint. produced at the rate of 1912 pounds of lint per acre, worth at Boston HIS cents per pound, or about S119 with 1860 pounds of seed still in the hands of the grower. Careful rec ords at Yuma show that in 1907 it re- quired about one and q half times as much labor to pick the Egyptian va riety as was required to pick the large boiled Upland varieties. The cost of this labor for commercial growing is unknown.
 Easing conclusions upon what has been presented thus lar, II appears
 that if we can duplicate the yields at Yuma in 1907 on a commercial scale, If the comparatively high price paid for Egyptian cotton in 1907 continues, and if labor conditions be found
 favorable, the Egyptian varieties
 should be chosen, beginning with the
 selected and acclimatized seed pro- duced by the Bureau of Plant Industry , at Yuma. This seed is available for
 planting this spring and can be ob- tained free of charge by presenting re-
 quests to the Arizona Experiment
 Station. Tucson. Ariz. To prevent the
 varieties from deterioratins il will be necessary to continue rigid methods of seed selection from the best indi- vidual plants from year to year. By careless seed selection it will be easy
 to lost all that has been gained dur ing the last five -ears at Yuma and thus turn apparent success into fail ure.
 Selection of Soil: If possible, silty
 loam should be selected rather than
 the heavier adobe soils. because of
 greater ease in cultivation. A moder- ate amount of soluble salts in the soil is beneficial to the plant and improves
Arizona republican., 1908-04-01
THE LONG SUMMER
 FOR COTTON GROWING
One of the Advantages of This Valley Pointed Out by Professor CIothier.

On account of the interest which is being taken by the farmers in the lower part of the valley in the subject of cotton growing. there is reproduced below further detailed information in Timely Hints for Farmers issued by MT Cloth.er early this month:
 Cotton has been known in Arizona many years Attempts to grow it commercially however, have thus far met with economic failure. due to ab- sence of concerted effort. ineXperienc- ed and high priced labor and the be- lief that with the same soil and water better returns can usually be obtained from other crops. Experiments car ried oa h:. Professor A J. McClatchie at Phoenix in 1901 and 1902 and at Yuma since 1902 by the Bureau of Plant Industry, have given us more definite and favorable information concerning the crop in this region.
 The more recent experiments point strongly towards Egyptian cotton as best adapted to Arizona conditions. The climate O. the Salt and Colorado river valle.s :s similar to that of Egypt. Both regions are irrigated and are distinguished by the long growing season so essential to the proper ma turing of Egyptian varieties of cotton. Experimental cultures grown by Pro- lessor McClatchie .n 1901. by methods resembling those in use in Egypt, re- suited as follows:
 Abbassi 1880 pounds seed cotton per acre. yielding 460 pounds lint; Nit Afeefy, 1150 pounds seed cotton yield ing 275 pounds lint: Jannavitch. 800 pounds seed cotton which was not ginned. Samples of Abbassi and Nit Afeefy were sent to the Lowell Tex tile School to be tested for Gualit- and compared this respect with import ed Egyptian cotton. Arizona grown Mit-Afeefy fiber was found to be 14 per cent stronger than Egyptian grown. while the waste was 15 per cent less. The maximum yield obtain ed on the poor soils of the Station farm, in a heavil-' irrigated plat was at the rate Of 22O0 pounds of Mit-Af- eefy seed cotton Der acre.
 Investigations carried on at Yuma since 1902 by the Bureau of Plant In- dustry. l.. s. D. A. confirm these first results as to the high quality of Ari- HOHd-sroWn FEY ptldn toltOi' anu lui ther show that the length of the fiber has increased with standardization. likewise the yield.
 The facts presented below. relating to these investigations. are taken from the manuscript of bulletin pre- pared by Messrs. T. H. Kearney and w. A. Peterson, which is about to be published as Bulletin No. 12S of the Bureau of Plant Industry, entitled Egyptian Cotton in the Southwestern United States to which those desir
Arizona republican., 1908-04-01

the quality of the fiber. while good stand has been known to grow where the first two feet of soil contained 0.S per cent of white alkaline salts, or 64. 900 pounds to the acre.
 Maturing: Since Arizona soils are likely to be deficient in nitrogen and cotton makes heavy drafts upon the soil for this element. any system de- signed for permanent cotton growing should provide for a generous use of barnyard manure, or the blowing un- der of leguminous crops. of which all falfa is the principal one available.
 Preparation of seed bed: If a cover crop is used it should be plowed under at least six weeks before seeding. If no cover crop is used it would be well
Arizona republican., 1908-04-01
ng more detailed information are re-

ing more detailed information are re- ferred.
 With respect to yield. five years of careful selection and standardization have resulted in remarkable improve ment especially of the Mit-Afeefy va riety. At first the yields of this cot ton were very unsatisfactory. but they have gradually increased until in 1907 they surpassed those of all other va rieties tested. including the two best varieties of American upland cotton. Comparative results are shown in the following table, including yields be- fore and after Dec l. It is probable however that the December pickings are in excess of normal on account of the very mild fall and winter of 1907.
Arizona republican., 1908-04-01

To the Editor of The Republican,;
 Salt River Valley is the best place on earth to live because there in more sunshine here in one year than in any other country. One can make a good living on ten acres cf land. can live cheaper, has less fuel to buy. less clothes to buy. can have vegetables all the year. can have fruit most of the year. that is raised in this valley. There are oranges in the winter months, and by the time they are gone strawberries are ripe and then various kinds. l might say any kind of fruit that grows any place, will grow here and almost every kind is raised here. One can have green feed for stock in the winter months as well as the sum- mer months. We turn our stock out to pasture in January just the same as we do in June.
 The writer has been farming in this valley fifteen years and at present is farming thirty eight acres of ground valued at $200 per acre. Last year from eighteen acres that kept especi- ally for hay. l cut and marketed sev- enty-five tons of hay that netted me s9OO per ton which amounted to s675. also keep ten head of Dairy cows that average me $50.00 per month. which amounts to $500 per year. l also keep fifteen or twenty head of young stock and the growth on them will amount to about s250 per year.
 I keep from one hundred 10 three hundred chickens and from the sale of eggs and chickens last year the amount was $275. The feed for the chickens was raised on the ranch. On some of my best alfalfa I cut seven tons to the acre and I believe with plenty Of water at the right time it is possible to cut ten tons in one year.
 SAM BARRETT. Ali.
Arizona republican., 1908-04-01

The firm had 1000 head of sheep
 which were nastured three
 fourths of the year and dur
 ing that time. from the in-
 crease Of the herd and the
 mutton sold. there was a
 profit of ...... ...... .s15OO. co
 The total Cf these thrco items is $9.7S9.40. or over $75 per acre, gross" revenue from the land in sheep and alfalfa. The gentlemen do not furn- ish their expense bill but the jealously with which they hang to their proper ty indicates that it is pleasantly within the limits Of their revenue figures.
Arizona republican., 1908-04-01
Phoenix. AriZ.. Mar. &, 190'
Editor Renmblicnn:

EUIIWT INVIWDIIVtTII
 During the year of 1907. I cut 150 tons of alfalfa hay, and pastured the piece for six weeks besides, from a twenty acre corner of my ranch. l am located north of the town of Peoria. near the end of and under the Arizona canal. One hundred tons of this hay I sold realizing $10.e0 a ton for it above the cost of baling, 50 tons fed to stock. I have big ranch and make a nice sum of money each year
Arizona republican., 1908-04-01

from it. Water is scarce q large part of the year. and of course this twenty acres was favored. but after the com pletion of the dam and it's system. expect to make as much per acre from all the ranch.
 GW.WALTERS.
Arizona republican., 1908-04-01
AN OBJECT LESSON.
What Has Been Done Under Especially Favorable Conditions That Will Soon Be Common 10 All.

Here is the story of the success of one ranching enterprise carritd on un- der conditions that in 1907 were more favorable than most ranches, on ac- count Of an exceptionally good water supply. IL is given as an illustration of what may be done on almost every Salt River valley ranch after the Roosevelt reservoir is completed, when every farmer like these men. can have all the water he can use beneficially Another reason why this is most de- SirHble story to print is that the ranen adjoins the city Of Phoenix on the south and any person who doubts the figures mayeasily verify them. Tine figures are furnished by Messrs. Cope and Tait. who own the property.
 This firm has 130 acres and is en- gagged in the raising of alfalfa and sheep. Its special success is attribut- ed to the fact that beside the same flow of water that other farmers have had from the irrigating ditch. these men. by Q special arrangement with the city. secure the waste water pump ed by the Pacific Gas and Electric company. after it has served their own purposes. In considerating this l30 acre farm it will be divided into two fields which were differently handled. one of twenty-five acres and the other of 105 acres.
 25 ACRE FIELD. 1907.
 Horses and cattle were pastured during the months of January. Feb ruary and December. only on this field The revenues secured during the year were as follows;
 January and February pastur-
 age .......- ........S 9O.Oo April 10, first cutting of hay, 8
 tons sold for ........ ....... 2SO.OO Second cutting of hay sold at
 from s1l to SI4. brought ..... 44S.60 Third cutting of hay was rained
 on. damaged. and sold at
 twenty cents per bale, return
 ing ........ ......-- ....-... -i'-o" Fourth cutting sold from the
 field at sl1 per ton bringing. SS5.0O Fifth cutting sold from the
 field at Sl1 per ton bringing. 250.00 Sixth cutting sold in the shock
 at Ss per ton, brought. 16O.00 December. pastured to sheep,
 bringing revenue of ......... 75.00 Total revenue from twenty
 five acres. year 1907 ....... sl966.40
 1o5 ACRE FIELD, 1907.
 This field having been pastured lat CT, was not cut the first time until April 25th and thereafter after each cutting it was pastured to sheep just long enough for them to eat the hay that had been scattered and would otherwise be lost. and to eat the green feed the mower had missed in it's rambies and along the borders of ditches.
 The first cutting of hay was
 sold for ..... ........ .S172S.00 The second cutting at from $ll
 to S14 per ton. Drought ...... 1S0G.0O The third cutting at $l1 per
 ton, brought ......., ...... 1Sl5.o0 The fourth cutting brought. 100000 The fifth cutting returned fifty
 tons. sold in shock al $s .... 10000 Total revenue from 1G5 acres,
 year 1907 .......... ..... S63O3.O0
Arizona republican., 1908-04-01

Average percentage possible sun shine in Phoenix, 80.
Arizona republican., 1908-04-01

Phoenix has an excellent Sisters Hospital. capacity 160 patients.
Arizona republican., 1908-04-01

Phoenix has fine graded country schools.
Arizona republican., 1908-04-01

There is no gambling in Phoenix. and saloons are closed on Sunday.
Arizona republican., 1908-04-01

Phoenix has a first-class postoffice.
Arizona republican., 1908-04-01

There is good quail. rabbit and pi- geon shooting in the valley
Arizona republican., 1908-04-01
THE SMALL GENERAL RANcHER

scottsdale, March g. 1908.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1908-09-11
MAKES APPEAL FOR
 LITTLE ORPHANS

To the Editor of The Age Herald:
 The Orphans home at Tallalladega has the claim on the generous people of Alabama for it's record of 40 years ser vice in caring for, and educating hun dreds of the helpless ones, and sending them into life's struggle fairly well equipped for it's work. It still does this work and has friends, but needs more, means for it's support is wanted.
 An appeal is made for a gift from every one in the state for one days work in the year, and September 19 is named for a uniform date. Will every friend of childhood helpless innocency, father less boys and girls, send to the home just what they can spare from one days work? All sums sent will be owned by me, and published in the homes little paper I want 10000 new friends, with the old ones, to send on, or after. pr before September 19 such gifts as may suit their circumstances, and the amount however large or small will be appreci- ated by the little ones"
 For the convenience of those in Bir- mingham and vicinity, sums may be handed MT F. w. Dixon, and he will forward to my address. H. L. MCKEE,
 Financial Secretary. Taladega, Ala, September 10, 1908.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1908-09-11

Memphis latched on to both ends of a, double-header yesterday afternoon, de- feating the Barons in the first to 1 and i1I the second to l.
 The first was a magnificent pitchers battle between Robertallle and Schwenck, with the local man having an edge on his opponent. The second was another pitch CTS battle until the final round, when Memphis filled the bases on Bauer and cleared them on Robinson.
 The very questionable decisions affect ing the personal and aggressive efforts of Manager Babb decided the first skirmsh making 1t a Memphis victory, whereas it should have been a shut-out battle for Birmingham. In the second game the work of the umpire was questioned on several occasions, he in one instance hit ting Memphis a solar plexus by calling OLeary's long hit in the second a foul.
 In the second game, with the bases full. Manager Nlolesworth rushed Bauer to cover and sent in Robinson. OLeary smashed one of his first offerings to deep right for three bases, driving home three men ahead of him and scoring himself a moment later when Owens flied out to Henline
The Birmingham age-herald., 1908-09-11
Associated Press Meeting.

Lake Toxawar, N. C., September To- The meeting of representatives of news papers of the southern division of the Associated Press here came to close this afternoon. The report of the special committee appointed yesterday was pre- sented this morning, and with some amendments, adopted It was ordered that this report, together with the verbal and written suggestions made yesterday be printed and copies distributed among the members of the southern circuit. The report will also be taken up by the spe- cial committee of ten of the Associated Press, which meets in New York on Octo- her
The Birmingham age-herald., 1908-09-11
FATAL STAMPEDE AT TRACK.
Three Persons Are Injured and Two
 Will Die.

Wheeling, W. Va, September 10-Three persons were injured two of them prob ably fatally, at the state fair grounds this evening when the spectators crowded upon the race track and were run into by one of the contesting horses The in- jured:
 Eugene Keyser Wheeling, struck in the breast by the horse will probably die; Frank Jones, Wellsville, O., upon the horse fell, internal injuries, condition is critical; w L. Rhodes of Guttenburg, N J.. driver of the horse, thrown to the track, hip and shoulders injured, will re- cover.
 Scores of other persons had a narrow escape in a stampede following the crowd, estimated at 35,0OO in their excitement to see the finish of the 2:16 trot, made rush for the track, and the police and fair officials were poweress in their efforts to keep the crowd back.
 The horse Margate was nearing the wire at full speed when he ran into two spec tators. throwing Rhodes from his sulky and starting panic in the vast crowd.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1908-09-11

appeal to that great body of fair minded men, unionized for the pur- pose of bettering their condition, who would scorn to ask legislation for themselves different from that which applies to all other citizens"
 MT. Cannon then turned his attention to the profession of democratic leaders that they are the especial friends of labor MT. Cannon asked what the democratic party had done for labor. He said that of the many statutes for the benefit of labor, the great majority had been passed when the republicans were in control. He cited many labor laws passed by the republicans, in- cluding the eight-hour law, the anti immigration law, against Chinese, tho prohibition of convict labor, the safety appliance law, the employers liability law and many others.
 Labor Legislation.
 If the working man wants a further illustration" said MT. Cannon, ''as to where labor laws have been enacted let him go over labor legislation of the various states. He will find that they are most efficient in the states of the north and the west, where repub- 'licans have been in control, and least effective in the south, where the demo- cratic party has had undisputed con- trol for many years It Is from the south that come the complaints of con- vict labor competing with free labor, of violations of the peonage laws, of lack of laws for the protection of workers in mines and factories and of long hours of labor without regulation and also of child labor. If the demo- cratic party should come into control of the federal government it would be the members of the south who would control the democratic caucus in the House of Representatives and the or ganization of committees in the Sem ate,t just as they have controlled in every democratic administration since the civil war. There has not been in