The Farmington times. (Farmington, St. Francois County, Mo.) 1905-1926, 1908-07-17

IL,
sist Its passage to the bitter end. The
insertion OF such provision In the bill
was a deliberate and cunning piece OF
political trickery, nothing more nor less.
II was done TO prevent the passage Of
such a law. No measure could be more
abhorrent to Republican managers. who
depend most upon golden sinews for po-
htical victories. than law compelling
detailed and accurate statement of the
amount and source OF campaign contrt-
buttons and the methods OF expenditure.
over and over Democrats In both Houses
challenged the Republican majority to
and simple p'edging Il unanimous Demo-
cratic support for the measure but We
were only laughed at for our pains.
Mark my word, in due time 1t will all
come out again, as 1t did before. that
among contributors to the Republican
campaign fund none will be found to
nave been more generous than national
bankers. Mr.. Roosevelt was the re-
cipient of such favors from banks, in
surance companies. and other corpora
tons when he ran for Vice. President In
1900. and again when he was a candi-
date for the Presidency in 1904 After
his election he walled like n veritable
Jeremiah In warning protest against the
corruption Of the electorate by the H.
legitimate use OF money. But before tho
election he personally sent for Hartman
and others to come to him at the White
House. and there he personally invoked
their aid In raising money, and on one
occasion. within twenty-four hours after
leaving the august executive presence
Mr.. Hartman produced" 10000 and
turned II over to Chairman Cortelyou
Roosevelt took the goods and then, with
phnrisaical pretense Of virtue. de-
nounced the method through which he
had obtained his office ms crime and
his participating pals as criminals OF
course. when the President signed the
Aldrich-Vrecland bill. the last act which
made 1t law. not even n dream fitted
across the horizon OF his virtuuus mind
that possibly the banks out OF gratitude
TO him might remember Taft. This
WhOlc performance would be comical, IL
1t did not border so closely upon tragedy.
FEDERAL AGGRESSION.
The question OF the constitutional rela-
ton between the state and federal gov
ernments. involving the powers and juris-
dictlon of each, although an old question,
cocyal with the foundation of the repub-
lic has, by the circumstances OF recent
years, been forced acutely to the front
again. In the beginning there were two
great divergent lines Of thought the one
most conspicuously represented 10y Hamii-
ton, and the other by Jefferson. These
men and their ideas FLASHED when the
fathers came to organize the republic.
Hamilton had little faith In the capacity
OF men for self-government Jefferson had
supreme faith In their capacity. Hamil-
ton fought to establish a government
fashioned largely after the British nu-
tOnOmy, Jefferson fought for a represen-
tative democracy. Hamilton desired a
great, over-mastering, dominating central
government; Jefferson desired n central
government OF limited and delegated pow
erS, with all other powers reserved to the
states and the people. Jefferson and his
followers trigmphed. and the constitution
OF the United States was framed for the
most part along the lines OF their con-
t"ntion. This provision has been incor-
pOrated In the constitution:
Powers not delegated to the United
states By the constitution. nor pro-
hlbited By II to the states are re-
served to the states, respectively, or
To the people"
That Is the theory upon which our gov
eminent was organized. And that means
that If one wishes to know what power
or Jurisdiction tho federal government
possesses, he must look to the constittI-
ton. All powers not expressly delegated
by that instrument to the federal gov
eminent. or necessarily implied by grants
expressly made, were reserved to the
states, separately. and to the people
thereof. The great men who organized
the government feared the half-irrespon-
sible and over-reachIng dominance OF n
distant, central government, and so they
wisely determined to grant TO that gov
eminent only such powers as were es-
sehtial TO II, and to retain all other pow
ers IN the hands OF the people. In gen.
organized TO regulate and conduct those
public affairs which pertain Jointly and
simultaneously to all the people OF all
the states. In matters affecting our re-
lations with foreign countries, affecting
the relations between the different states
and the people thereof, affecting inter-
state commerce, Affecting the army and
the navy Of the United States and con-
ciseiy. In practically all matters OF pure
~ national concern, the constitution con-
fers supreme power upon the federal gov
eminent; but In matters OF local concern,
affecting only the people Of n single state,
being for the most part matters in
which the individual man is most often
directly and Immediately Interested. the
supremacy ana sovereignty OF tho state
was preserved But from the day OF the
organization of the government to this
day there has been a constant struggle,
sometimes openly and sometimes covert
tense federalism. TO curtail the reserved
powers OF the State and TO augment the
powers OF the general government. This
tendency toward more assertve feder-
alism and tho consequent diminution of
state authority. has within the last
aif-doHn years. become holder, more
since jefferson surrendered his vigil and
passed from the stage Of action. II the
people are not indifferent to the trend of
events, and If they are to maintain the
integrity or our institutions as we in
herlted them II behooves them to be-
alert and vigilant II they permit power
to slip from their hands to be exercised
In distant places, 1t will be hard to re-
and his followers is for Capitalization,
and In the direction OF Imperialism This
i All the more perilous because OF the
fascinating, albeit to me inexplicable
hold the man Roosevelt has upon the
imagination OF the people. His ablest,
most adroit and dangerous coadjutor in
TINS propaganda OF Capitalization is
Elihu Root the Secretary OF State. In
this movement ! think the President fol-
lows the Secretary, rather than the re-
verse; nevertheless. the President exerts
the mighty influence OF his great office to
promote the doctrine both espouse. On
December II. 1896, at a notable dinner
given by the Pennsylvania Society at the
Waldorf Astoria In New York, MIR. Root
gave utterance to the sentiment l quote
Among other things, he said:
by tho side OF this strong and
growing loyalty to the nation, senu-
ment FER the separate states has be-
come dim and faint In comparison.
.... Our whole life ias swung away
from the old state uentcrs and Ii
crystallizlng about national centers.
In the wide range OF daily activity
and interest the old lines between the
states and the old barriers which
ties are completely lost from sight.
:. Such changes In the life OF the
people can not fail to produce corre-
spending political changes; Some of
In progress. The end Is not yet. The
instinct for self-government among
the people or the United States Is too
strong to permit them to respect any
ones right TO exercise n power which
he fails to exercise. The government
tai control which they deem just and
necessary they will have. The
people VIII have the control they need
either from the states or from the
national government, and IL the
states fail to furnish II in due meas
ure, sooHer or later constructions Of
the constitution tciH be found to f1
the potCcr There u t1iH be eIercised,
In the national government"
President Roosevelt gave expression to
similar sentiments ut Harrisburg, when
he declared. In substance that such