davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Golden Valley chronicle. (Beach, Billings County, N.D.) 1905-1916, 1908-03-13

the proportion of ferns there to the
other plants was far greater than it is
in the tropics at the present day, while
tree ferns are now wholly confined to
tropical regions. Abundant tropical
forms Of vegetation are found in the
coal seams in Greenland and on Mel
Vile. Island as far north as the sew
enty.fifth degree of latitude; indeed,
everywhere during the coal period the
climatic conditions not only of the
temperate zone, but of the arctic lands.
were closely similar to those of the
present torrid zone.
But, for mans use, it was neces-
sary not only to have coal accumulate:
1t must be preserved for distant ages
and brought within his reach. If the
Mississippi basin had remained for
ever below the ocean level it's stores
of accumulated coal would have been
unavailable. But, through causes
which we can but dimly comprehend.
at the close of the coal period the land
all over that area, which had up to
that time been slowly sinking, re-
versed its movement and began to
rise. This elevation was produced by
lateral pressure, which folded up the
Allegheny mountains and produced
number of diminishing waves. so to
speak, in the surface of the land ex-
tending to the center of the Missis-
sippi basin.
But no sooner was this land elevated
above the sea than erosive agencies
went to work to dissect it and to re-
move its more elevated portions. Con-
sequently it is estimated that more
than nine-tenths of the coal which was
originally deposited over central and
eastern Pennsylvania has been carried
away by the rivers, and hopelessly
scattered over the bottom Of the sea.
while the one-tenth which remains is
so folded up in the rocks that it H.
obtained with great difficulty. In the
more central portions of the Mississip-
pi valley, however, the disturbance of
the strata has been less, and it is a
comparatively simple matter to obtain
the rich deposits.
Golden Valley chronicle. (Beach, Billings County, N.D.) 1905-1916, 1908-03-13
The Funny Thing. One See.
Smiling Round the World
By
MARSHALL p. WILDER
Copyright. by Joseph B. Bowies.)


The city of Honolulu, looking from
the harbor, does not seem large,
though there is population of $4,000.
The houses are so empowered in lux
uriant foliage it is only occasionally
that roof may be seen peeping out.
As soon as the gang-plank was out
. friend welcomed us with the beauti-
full but rather embarrassing Hawaiian
custom Of throwing long wreaths
about our necks. These are made of
carnations, camelias or jasmine, with
glossy, green leaves. Women, who
make them, sit along the streets in
Honolulu with baskets of flowers and
completed wreaths beside them; their
fingers busily engaged in weaving
others. So universal is this custom
of wearing these flowery adornments
that every native one meets has neck
and hat decorated with fresh,
dewy wreath. Time was, no doubt,
when these were all of their adorn-
ing, but civilization has decreed a few
additions to such an airy, though, no
doubt. picturesque costume.
q
Our doubts as to the best method
OF seeing the sights were settled for
US by our friend, who had an automo.
bile waiting for us on the dock. The
driver told us of his first trip in the
machine through the outlying coun-
try. He came upon a Chinese coolie
who had never seen anything of the
kind before, and stood rooted with
horror to the road until the driver
footed the horn. Then the Chinaman
Golden Valley chronicle. (Beach, Billings County, N.D.) 1905-1916, 1908-03-13
~ GEORGE FREDERICK WRIGHT,

~ GEORGE FREDERICK WRIGHT,
A. NJ, L.. D.
rAuthor of "Ice Age in North America,"
MAN and the Glacial PERIOD"
''Asiatic Russia etc.]
Copyright. by Joseph b. Bowles.)
Coal is the chief corner stone Of
modern civilization. Nearly all the
labor-saving appliances must have coal
to make them effective. Outside of the
muscles of men and animals the chief
sources of power available for the use
Of man are gravitation as it is set free
in falling water and heat arising from
the chemical combustion of coal. But
waterfalls are stationary, and even
with the ability to distribute their
power through electricity, it is avail
able as yet over only a limited area.
If all the power of Niagara should be
turned into electricity it could not
profitably be distributed beyond the
limits of western New York, whereas
coal can be carried to the ends of the
earth and its power set free for use
wherever it is needed. If the prairies
81 regions the world over, where are
found the best agricultural lands, were
limited, as formerly, to water power
for running their factories and mills,
these would necessarily be few and
insignificant.
1t is therefore rather startling to be
compelled to face the fact that coal
belongs to the limited and rapidly dis
appearing reserved stores of nature.
In using coal the human race is in
trenching upon its capital, and reck-
lessly Fastening an ultimate but in
evitable catastrophe. 1t is estimated
by the highest authorities that the
total available coal treasures of North
America cover 100000 square miles,
with an average thickness of six feet
! of workable seams, which would yield
1890 tons to the acre. The total
Golden Valley chronicle. (Beach, Billings County, N.D.) 1905-1916, 1908-03-13

Of the coal fields, therefore, during the
accumulation Of the coal must have
been that of vast swampy regions.
where there was not depth of water
enough to destroy the vegetation or to
admit Of the intrusion of gravel, sand
and mud, which, brought in from sur
rounding highlands, would have rem
dered it too impure for use. The char
acter Of the vegetation which supplied
these great accumulations Of coal is
amply shown in the fossil forms which
appear, especially near the top and
bottom of the coal seams, while in
some cases the entire stumps of trees
are found still standing in place, with
their roots penetrating into the under
clay which supported the vegetation.
In Nova Scotia there are found no
less than Is seams of coal separated
by beds>of sandstone and shale. Each
of these beds indicates a change Of
level which took place in the region
during it's accumulation. During the
accumulation of the coal the swamp
was so shallow that no currents of
water could carry into it sand and
gravel to interfere with the growth or
to bury it. But after a certain amount
of vegetable deposits had accumulated.
there was a subsistence of the area,
allowing access to currents of water
carrying sediment sufficient to bury
the deposit of coal, and furnish the.
basis for the growth of vegetation in
another swamp on top of the accumu--
lated sediment, and so the process.
went on Indefinitely, as long as the
climate continued favorable, and these
changes of level continued to proceed
with the appropriate rate of rapidity.
The fossil plants Of the coal period
seem to indicate. that the climate was
at that time warm and moist and uni
form, while the amount of coal accu.
mulated shows that the air was much
more fully charged with carbonic acid
gas than it is at the present time. OF
the coal plants of Great Britain about
half were ferns, many of them grow
ing to the size of trees, the most Of
which are tropical species. Indeed.
during the coal period in Great Britain
Golden Valley chronicle. (Beach, Billings County, N.D.) 1905-1916, 1908-03-13

through the air, shot through q
church window, and lit right in tho
middle Of the congregation, just 40
the minister was saying: "And the
angel of the Lord descended"
Well, after working four days, with
eight-hour night shifts. we got the car
going; and all went well till l tried to
steer. I turned out for q COW. and
Golden Valley chronicle. (Beach, Billings County, N.D.) 1905-1916, 1908-03-13

Coal is an accumulation Of vegetable
matter which has decayed under wa
ter where oxygen could not get access
to the carbon to consume 1t and trans
form it into carbonic acid gas, as it
does IN the open air. The conditions
Golden Valley chronicle. (Beach, Billings County, N.D.) 1905-1916, 1908-03-13
Worlds Coal Beds Going Fast

Will es Wholly Exhausted Within One
Hundred and Fifty Years-china
70 Be Great Future Source Of Sup
ply-Water Power Insignificant
Substitute for Coal-How Great
Coal Deposits Were Formed.
Golden Valley chronicle. (Beach, Billings County, N.D.) 1905-1916, 1908-03-13

amount of coal, therefore, that is pos
sibly within our reach in America
could not exceed 100000, 100000 tons.
But in the year 1900 alone we were
mining but little short of 300,000,000
tons, while the expansion of popula-
ton and of business is demanding an
increase at such a rate that two or
three times that amount will soon be
necessary to meet the annual demand.
At the present rate of increase in the
use of coal, therefore, the entire
amount accessible in North America
would be consumed in less than $50
years.
Golden Valley chronicle. (Beach, Billings County, N.D.) 1905-1916, 1908-03-13

The Insignificant role which water
power in this country can possibly
play in keeping UP our industries ap-
pears on brief examination of the
facts. It is estimated by the best au-
thorities that If the entire rainfall
over the state Of Pennsylvania were
utilized with a head of $50 feet, it
would not yield one-tenth the amount
of power that is now derived in that
state alone from the consumption of
coal. But on the most extravagant
calculation it would not be possible to
make available in that mountainous
state one-tenth of this theoretical
amount of water power. What then
would be the condition of those vast
areas Of the Mississippi valley where
water power is far less available?
But, for the moment, leaving aside
these rather SOLDERING reflections to the
far-seeing statesman and philosopher,
we will turn to the consideration of
those interesting processes by which
even the existing limited amount of
this useful material has been brought
within our reach and preserved for
our use.
The Robesonian. [volume] (Lumberton, N.C.) 1870-current, 1908-11-09
Mortgage Sale.

Under and by virtue of the terms of
certain real estate mortgage and bond
executed and delivered by J. R. McCor-
mick to Southern Mutual Home and
Real Estate Company, on the 18th day
of December, 1906, and duly recorded
in the office of the Register of Deeds of
Robson county, in Book NJ D II. page
304, the undersigned will on the It'll dav
of December, 1868, expose for sale the
following described lands and premises
IN Lumberton township, Robson coun-
ty, North Carolina, bounded ard describ-
ed as follows, to-wit:
On the Carthage road, beginning at
l.. A. Lawson's (now D. P. Aliens
southwest corner inJ. T. Billiards. line.
and runs nearly east with Lawson's
(now Allen's) line to the Baptist
church lot line; thence with said line III
feet; thence nearly west to J. T. Bull
lard's line; thence nearly north III feet
to the beginning.
Time of Sale: December It'll, 1903, at
IL O'Clock, noon
Place: Court house door of Robson
county, Lumberton, N. C.
Terms: Cash.
Dated and posted this 28th day Of Dc
tober, 1908.
Southern Mutual Home G. Real Estate
Company.
By Mclean & Black, Attorneys.
112-5mon
The Robesonian. [volume] (Lumberton, N.C.) 1870-current, 1908-11-09
MONDAY, NOVEMBER 9, 1908.
ELECTION RESULTS.

Election returns since the last
issue of The Robesonian have
changed into a certainty what at
that time seemed probable
that the Republicans have gain
ed the fifth and tenth congress
sional districts, which, with the
eighth, makes a gain of three
Congressman in the State: John
Motley Morehead, who defeated
A. L. Brooks in the fifth, which
district W. w. Kitchin vacated
to become Governor; G. H.
Cowles, who defeated R. N.
Hackett for reelection in the
eighth; and j. G. Grant, who de-
feated w. T. Crawford for re-
election in the tenth. Official re-
turns from the State will not be
known until some time later,
but Governor-elect Kitchin's
majority is variously estimated
at from $4,000 to 10000, The
Charlotte Observers estimate
being 35, 294. The Raleigh News
and Observer giving it as some
thing over $4,000 and Chairman
Eller sticking to his claim that
the majority is 10000. At Re-
publican headquarters the ma
jority is claimed to be not more
than 10000, which is evidently
too low. Glenn's plurality in
1904 was 40, 256; Aycock's in 1906
was 60,354. While Mr.. Taft's
election was not a surprise, such
a sweeping victory was unfore.
seen. The wisest leaders think
that Mr.. Bryan's overwhelming
third defeat was undoubtedly
due to fear of the man, to lack
of confidence in his judgment,
A reduced majority in this State
was not unexpected, and i
would seem that if the party il
not to suffer a further loss anC
final defeat there must be a re
turn to safe and conservative
leaders and a cessation of strife
within the party.
The Robesonian. [volume] (Lumberton, N.C.) 1870-current, 1908-11-09

The sensational rural comedy
drama, Joshua Simpkins", will
be produced at the Lumberton
Opera House Wednesday evening.
The play contains an interesting
and Ineligible plot, but it is not
allowed to interfere with the fun,
which is said to be in abundance.
During the run of the play some
startling scenes and situations
are seen, the principal Of which
is said to be the saw-mill, in the
third act, shown in complete
operation, cutting up real timber.
The saw used is the genuine
article, the same as usually seen
in large country saw-mills. An
excellent band and fine orches-
ira accompany this attraction.
The band will parade at noon,
when some good music may be
looked for, all being dressed a,
farmers.
The Robesonian. [volume] (Lumberton, N.C.) 1870-current, 1908-11-09
Administrator Notice.

Having qualified as Administrator of
the estate of Mary E. Rozier, deceased,
late OF Robson county, North Carolina,
this IS to notify all persons having
claims against the estate of said deceas-
ed to exhibit them to the undersigned
at Lumberton, N. c., on or before the
18th day of October, 1909, or this notice
Will be pleaded in bar of their recovery.
All persons indebted to said estate will
please make immediate payment.
This 18th day of October, 1908.
N. P. ANDREWS, Administrator
of Mrs. Mary E. Rozier.
Mcintyre, Lawrence & Proctor, At
t9rneys for Administrator, Lumberton,
N. =. 10-26-6mon
The Robesonian. [volume] (Lumberton, N.C.) 1870-current, 1908-11-09

Just as we were on the point
of rising to thank the light COM
mittee for the improvement in
the light service of mornings the
electric light people lapsed backs
into their old ways. For a while
the lights were kept on until one
could see without them, but for
the last few mornings we under
stand they have been cut off too
early. There is no excuse for
this sort of thing, apparently.
Lights are needed mornings before
it is light enough to see by the
light Of day just as badly as they
are needed evenings, and if the
town isn't going to furnish them
it ought to get out of the bust
ness and let somebody take hold
that will.
The Robesonian. [volume] (Lumberton, N.C.) 1870-current, 1908-11-09
THE NEXT CONGRESS.

The Republican party, will. ac-
cording to complete returns from
all congressional districts in the
United States, control the next
House of Representatives by a
majority of As. The figures show
the election of 218 Republicans
and IT'S Democrats, a gain Tor
the latter party of Z.
The latest returns show also
that the new Senate Will
stand: Republicans 80; Demo
Gratis 81.
The tables showing the Repre-,
sentatives and Senators from al
theStates follow:
The Robesonian. [volume] (Lumberton, N.C.) 1870-current, 1908-11-09
TEN COMMANDMENTS OF
AGRICULTURE.

Some General Rules for Sue
cessfully Conducting Farm
Operations.
In sending his article about
demonstration farms in Robson,
published elsewhere in this paper,
Mr.. Hudson sends the Ten
Commandments of Agriculture"
prepared by DIR. S. A. Knapp,
who is at the head of the Far
mers' Cooperative Qemonstra-
ton Work of the Bureau of Plant
Industry, U. S. Department of
Agriculture:
AT an early period it was
found necessary to evolve from
the mass Of ethical teaching, a
few general rules for living, call
ed "The Ten Commandments"
by which a man could be moral
without going through a course
in theology. Just so, in order to
instruct the average farmer how
to successfully conduct his farm
operations so as to secure a
greater net gain from the farm,
it is necessary to first deduce
from the mass of agricultural
teachings a few general rules of
procedure. They are called 'The
Ten Commandments of Agricul-
ture," by the practice of which
a man may be good farmer in
any State withoutbeing a grad
uate from a college of agricul-
ture.
THE TEN COMMANDMENTS OF
AGRICULTURE"
"O Prepare a deep anG
thoroughly pulverized seed bed,
we'll drained; break in the fall t.
the depth of 8, 10 or IL inches
according to the soil, with i'm
plements that will not bring the
subsoil to the surface (the fore
going depths should be reached
gradually
"(O Use seed of the bes
variety, intelligently selected anc
carefully stored.
"(3) In cultivated crops, Civ
the rows and the plants in tn,
rows space suited to the plant
the soil and the climate.
80 Use intensive tillag,
during the growing period of tn
crops.
go Secure a high conten
Of humus in the soil by the US
OF legumes, barnyard manure
farm refuse, and commerce.
, fertilizers.
"(6) Garry out a systemati
: crop rotation with a winter cove
crop on Southern farms.
, "O Accomplish more wor
in a day by using more hors
: power and better implements
? "(8) Increase the farm stoc
to the extent of utilizing all tn
waste products and idle lands Q
the farm.
"(9) Produce all the food re
! CURED for the men and animal
on the farm.
l. 100 Keep an account c
each farm product. in order
e know from which the gain or los
arises"
The Robesonian. [volume] (Lumberton, N.C.) 1870-current, 1908-11-09
Town Taxes.
Administrative Notice.

Having qualified as administrators of
the estate of Thomas w. McHargue,
deceased, late of Robson county, North
Carolina, this is to notify all persons
having claims against the estate of said
deceased to exhibit them to the under
signed, or her attorneys, Mcintyre,
Lawrence & Proctor, at Lumberton, N.
c., on or before the 18th day of Octo-
Der, 1909, or this notice will be pleaded
in bar of their recovery. All persons
indebted to said estate will please make
immediate payment
Dated this October 18th, 1908
KIZZIE E. MCHARGUE,
Administrative of Thomas w. McHar-
que, deceased.
Mcintyre, Lawrence & Proctor, At
torneys for Administrators.
1O-l2-6mon
The Robesonian. [volume] (Lumberton, N.C.) 1870-current, 1908-11-09
Raw Lungs.

When the lungs are sore and inham-
cd, the germs of pneumonia and con-
sumption find Judgement and multiply.
Foley's Honey and Tar kills the cough
germs, cures the most obstinate rack
ing cough, heals the lungs, and prevents
serious results. The genuine is in the
yellow package. For sale by all drug
giats.
The Robesonian. [volume] (Lumberton, N.C.) 1870-current, 1908-11-09
FAIRMONT NEWS LETTER.
White House No. 2 Gives Usual
Majority-Free School Begins
With Large Attendance

White House No. 4 O1VeS OsuaA !
Majority-Free School Begins
With Large Attendance
Street improvements Other
News Matters.
Correspondence of The Robesonian.
White House No. 2 gave its
usual almost unanimous Demo
cratic vote last Tuesday. There
was no understanding and
everything passed off quietly and
pleasantly.
Miss Bette Lou Floyd gave
a delightful little party to her
young friends last Wednesday
night, the occasion being her
fifteenth birthday.
Mrs. ]. w. Ashley and young
er children have returned from
a pleasant visit to relatives in
Harnett county.
Mr.. Frank Cashwell is spend
| ing some time this week in
Wilmington. We have not Sc
cured the names of any one else
who went. 1t is quite a busy
time now and few could attend
the Elksfest from here.
After twosmonths' ses-
sion of pay school the free
school began last Monday
with something like one hun
dred and fifty pupils. An
other teacher is expected to as
sist next week and many more
pupils are expected. Our people
are much pleased with it's sue.
cess under Prof. McNaull and
hope it may continue.
The sympathy Of the entire
community is with Mr.. and Mrs
H. s, Floyd, who lost their love
ly baby boy last Saturday.
Messrs. White & Cough have
bought the bankrupt stock of E
W. Floyd and will open a branch
store here in charge of Mr.. D.
D. French. These gentlemen al
have many friends in this com
munity who wish them grea
success.
: Miss Katie Thompson is a wei
= come visitor from Maxton thi
. week, the guest Of her father
A. c. Thompson.
Mr.. Claude Ashley came owe
from Bolton to visit home folk
r the first of the week.
a The store of Mr.. O. l. Floyc
) at Drum, was burned last Sal
:. urday night, together with
V dwelling next to it: This is
heavy loss, especially to Nj
Floyd, who owned the building
6 as we'll as the stock.
4 Quite a lot of good work is b.
ing dine on our streets and side
z walks by Town Marshal P. T
6 Thompson, and the sidewalk
7 are in better condition than eve
O before.
3 Fairmont. N, c., Nov. 6, 1901
The Robesonian. [volume] (Lumberton, N.C.) 1870-current, 1908-11-09

If you suffer from constipation and
liver trouble Foley's Orino Laxative
will cure you permanently by stimulat-
ing the digestive organs so they will
act naturally. Foley's Orino Laxative
does not grippe, is pleasant to take and
you do not have to take laxatives con-
tinually after taking Orino. Why con-
tlnue to be the slave of pills and tab
lets. Sold by all druggists.
The Robesonian. [volume] (Lumberton, N.C.) 1870-current, 1908-11-09

"The above shows that in the
election Tuesday the democrats
lost three Senators and the Re-
publicans gained three, making
the Democratic majority in the
upper house of the 1909 General
Assembly Sc. The Republicans
have gained two districts-the
twentieth and thirty-fourth. The
twenty-eighth, twenty-n ninth, thir-
ty-sixth and thirty-ninth districts
had Republican Senators last ses-
sion and will have again next
session. Six Democratic Sena-
tors are sent back for another
term, but no Republicans.
In the lower house the Demo-
Gratis have lost but two members,
while the Republicans have gain
ed three, Lee county's Repre-
sentative increasing the total
from 12G to 121. There are shifts
in several counties, notably For
syth, Catawba, Cabarrus, David
son, Stanly and Orange, which
counties last session sent Demo.
Gratis; but the counties of Clay,
Dare, Graham and others have
been reclaimed. Sixteen men
who served in the now-famous
Legislature of 1907 will be there
in 1909 on the Democratic side
of the house, and four Republi.
cans in their proper places. The
complexion is greatly changed
despite these returned Repre-
sentatives, and no doubt the
legislative enactments will beal
the imprint of this mutation.
"The figures given do not pro
fess to be unalterably correct O
official, but it is believed that
further information will max,
few, if any, changes. In Bun
combe the result as to one Rep
resentative is still in the hand
Of the canvassing board and il
the event that it decides agains
Mr.. CASTOR the Republican tots
will be increased by one"
The Robesonian. [volume] (Lumberton, N.C.) 1870-current, 1908-11-09

Foley's Honey and Tar clears the air
passages, stops the irritation in the
throat, soothes the inflamed mem
branes, and the most obstinate cough
disappears. Sore and infamed lungs
are healed and strengthened, and the
cold is expelled from the system. Re
fuse any but the genuine in the yellow
package. Sold by all druggists.
The Robesonian. [volume] (Lumberton, N.C.) 1870-current, 1908-11-09

Misses Emma and Dovie and
Mr.. ]. N. Britt have moved to
Lumberton from the home of
their father, Mr.. S. E. Britt,
near Ten Mile church, Howells-
vile township, in order to have
the advantages offered by the
graded school which has been
the means of bringing many other
people to town. They are keep
ing house in a house which be-
longs to Mr.. A. P. Caldwell on
the corner of Pine and Third
streets. Their brother, Mr.. E.
M. Britt, who has been practic-
ing law in Lumberton for some
years, is living with them.