Rocky Ford enterprise., 1908-12-11

pacIty and an ample reward for the
great directing intelligences alone COM
petent to manage the great business op-
erations of to-day. 1t Is well to keep in
mind that exactly as the anarchist is the
worst enemy of liberty and the reaction
ary the worst enemy Of order. so the
men who defend the rights OF property
have most to fear from the wrongdoers
of great wealth, and the men who are
championing popular rights have most
to fear from the demagogues who In the
name of popular rights would do wrong
to and oppress honest business men,
honest men OF wealth; for the success of
either type of wrongdoer necessarily in
vites n violent reaction against the cause
the wrongdoer nominally upholds.
Need of Capitalization.
The proposal to make the ma
tional government supreme over. and
therefore to give 1t complete control over.
the railroads and other instruments OF
Interstate commerce is merely a propos-
al to carry out to the letter one Of the
prime purposes. II not the prime purpose.
for which the constitution was founded.
1t does not represent Capitalization. II
represents merely the acknowledgment
of the patent fact that Capitalization has
already come in business. II this IRE
sponsible outside business power is TO be
controlled in the interest of the general
public it can only be controlled In one
way; by giving adequate power OF con-
troll to the one sovereignty capable or ex-
ercislng such power-the national govern
ment. To abandon the effort for national
control means to abandon the effort for
all adequate control and yet to render like
ly continual bursts of action by state leg
islatures. which cannot achieve the pur-
pose sought for, but which can do
great deal Of damage to the corporation
without comforting any real benefit on
the public.
There should be regulation by the ma
tional government Of the great Interstate
corporations, including a simple method
of account keeping publicity. supervision
of the issue OF securities, abolition of
rebates and of special privileges. There
should be short-ti.:c franchises for all
corporations engaged in public business:
including the corporations which get
power from water rights. There should
be national as well state guardianship
of mines and forests. The labor legisla-
ton hereinafter referred to should con-
currently be enacted into law.
To accomplish this, means n certain In
crease in the use of-not the creation Of
power. by the central government. The
power already exists. II does not have
to be created: the only question Is
whether 1t shall be used or left idle
and meanwhile the corporations over
which the power ought to be exercised
will not remain idle. The danger to Amer
lean democracy lies not In tho least In the
concentration of administrative power in
responsible and accountable hands. 1t
lies In having the power insuffciently
concentrated. so that no one can be held
responsible to the people for its use.
Concentrated power II phlpublc. visible.
responsible, easily reached. quickly held
to account. Democracy is in peril
wherever the administration of po-
IitfcaI power Is scattered among
a variety of men who work In
secret. whose very names are un-
known to the common people. 1t Is not
In peril from any man who derives au-
thoHty from the people, who exercises
1t In sight Of the people. and who is
from time to timc compelled to give an
account OF Its exercise to the people
Legislation for Waseworker.
There are many matters affecting labor
and the status of the waScworkor to
which I should like to draw your atten-
tion, but an exhaustive discussion OF the
problem IN all Its aspects Is not now nee
essary. I believe in a steady eff
accurate to say In steady efforts
In many different directions. to bring
about a condition OF affairs under which
the men who work with hand or with
brain, the laborcrs, the supSrtntendents.
tho men who produce the market and the
men who ind "a market for the articles
produced. shall own n far greater share
than nt present Of tn" wealth they pro-
duce. and be enabled to Invest IL In the
tools and Instruments by which all work
is carried on. As far possible hope
to see a frank recognition Of the Adyan-
tages conferred by machinery. oTganlza-
tion and division OF labor. accompanied
by an effort TO bring about "A larger share
In the ownership by waEc-worker of rail-
way, mill and factory.
Postal Savings banks will make IL
easy for the poorest To keep their saw
ings in absolute safety. The rcguIat atInn
of the national highways must he such
that they shall serve all people with
equal justice. Corporate finances must
he supervised so as to make IL far safer
than at present for the man of small
means TO invest his money In stocks.
There must be prohibition Of child la
Dor. ,..minution OF women labor. short
enInE of hours Of all mocha nlcal labor:
stock watering should be prohibited,
and stock gambling so far as Is possI-
BILE discouraged. There should be a
progressive Inheritance tax on large
fortunes. Industrial education should
be encouraged. As far as possible we
should tighten the burden OF taxation
on the small man. We should put a
premium upon thrift. hard work and
- 1ess energy; but these qualities
mulatlng a fortune long before that
fortune reaches a point where IL would
be seriously affected by any inheri-
lance tax such as propose. II Is emf
HehtiF ILHt thaN tht hs'ioh sHouiu Hx
the terms upon which tho great for
tunes are inherited They rarely do
good and they often do harm to those
who inherit them in their entirety.
There should no longer be any palter-
ing with the question of taking care of
the wugeworkcrs who. under our pres
ent Industrial system, become killed.
crippled. or worn out part of the
regular Incidents OF given busi-
ness. As far concerns those
who have been worn out. I call your
attention TO the fact that definite
steps toward providing old-age pen
sions have been taken in many of our
private industries. These may be in
definitely extended through voluntary
association and contributory schemes
or through the agency Of savings
banks. as under the Ma~Sa chusetis