The morning journal-courier., 1908-12-02
BODILY MECHANICS
Wonderful Devices Are Found Everywhere in the Flu
 man Body.
MAKE SCIENTISTS WONDER
The Pcrspirative Sweat Gland-Thc Heart a Pumping Statlon---
 Other Devices.

on plan which makes modern science and engineering somewhat common place in comparison, She is the great est engineer of the ages and likewise the custodian of the worlds first patent office. # the first race of men had dlssected ana studied carefully the bones, mus elcs, glands and other parts of the hu- man body they could have found nearly all the important mechanical principles that have done so much for the indus trial world.
 We know that a hollow shaft of iron or steel is nearly twice as strong as solid shaft containing the same amount or material-an important scientific fact that all engineers know and apply in their work But nature knew it long before man did and applied the prnci- ple in the construction of our bones, says Harper's Weekly.
 The bones of the face were formed for accommodating hundreds of lttlo muscles, but in order to accomplish this without Increasing the surface greatly she bored hundreds of little holes in the surface, called air cells, 10 which the muscles could be attached in countless numbers Strength light ness and large surface are thus ob- tained in the most ingenious way. An engineer would find great difficulty in duplicating such a piece of mechanism.
 The block and pulley or tackle was great mechanical discovery, but nature made every man carry several of these around with him at the very beginning of creation. The most important of these tackles is found in the eye. If you turn your eye to look at tho tip of your nose. you use this block and pull lev which Is just as perfect as any erected on a ship to hoist sail
 The muscle which moves the eyehall works through the block easily ana smoothly and without friction, for na- ture has supplied to all of her machn- cry automatic or mechanical oil inveu- tfons These never fall to work unless we are sick, and then the danger of Q hot box is to be considered
 The invention of the safety valve for steam engines has saved thousands of lives and millions of dollars of prop erty. It Is an invention that stands prominently to the front in this age of mechanical progress But nature sup piled us each with a safety valve which for effectiveness works better than any made by man Without this safety valve we would not live twenty-four hours
 This safety valve is the persplrative or sweat gland, and to make sure that we would not run short of the supply i che has furnished the body with some 2.500,00O of them If our temperature rose or s degrees we would die within few hours, and yet we could not run, row, play tennis ball or even walk safely any distance without increasing our temperature to the danger point If we had no safety valve provided so in- geniously by nature.
 The cup and ball socket and the air tight sockets were first used on the hu- man body. If our hip joints and arms were not fitted with air-tght sockets we would get too tired to continue our work for any length of time in just holding these limbs together by mus cles. It is the pressure of the air which holds them In place, and thus all physt- cal rffort is avoided In the various air. tight joints and sockets found in the human body one may find nearly all : the mechanical principles involved in the air brake or the use of compressed air for a thousand things
 Some one exclaims that nature did not discover ball bearings, a fnechani- cal device which has revolutionized the vehicle world, But the principle is al most developed In the ball of the leg bone and the socket of the hip, which are made so smooth and are so well oiled that they slide back and forth with practically no friction.
 The heart is the most perfect pump ing machine in the world. No inventor has ever surpassed 1t, and none eyer will It is a double-actlng pump, and for it's size Is more powerful by 1000 per cent, than any made by engineers,
 Not only this, but nature has pro- vided 1t with the most perfect oilng machine in the world. Both the heart and the lungs-the latter the most per- feet air pump and bellows ever de vised are surrounded by double sac. Between the thin layers is placed an inexhaustible quantity of lubrcating material which enables these two or- gans to go on ceaselessy without in remission for from SO to 100 years
 Another remarkable invention which anticipated several of our modern pat ents is the Adams apple, which for ages physicians considered a sort of freak of nature without any material uso in the human economy. But how differently this little device Is consid- cred to-day.
 If we had no Adams apple we would have far more deaths from apoplexy and brain disorder than ever chrontcled in history. Instead of being a useless organ this article serves as an impor- tant storage system to protect the brain
 For instance, when we are excited or too animated the heart pumps tho blood up to the brain little too fast, and if It could not be stopped by some auto matic device death or brain disease would follow, The Adams apple is tho blood storage cistern which intercepts the rapid flow and holds the surplus blood Again, if the supply from the heart runs short and the brain is likely to suffer from an insufficient supply the storage cistern gives up It's surplus of blood
 A modern engine is dependent to a large extent upon automatically work ing valves for its efficiency, but the perfected valvo was invented by nature