The united opinion. [volume] (Bradford, Vt.) 1881-1970, 1908-07-10
LATEST DEVELOPMENT IN INCAN-
DESCENT LAMPS.


Love of light is the greatest heritage of
the human soul. And since primeval
man sat in the glow of the swapping
camp fire, every age has sought to i'm
prove on the methods of dispelling the
darkness between shutdown and sunrise.
As a rule, writers of history confine
themselves to the most important de-
tails and events, and readers are too
prone to associate the people of the past
with the convenienc.s of the present.
Few realize that previous to the inven-
ton of the tallow-dp, by King Alfred,
| the interior of the Saxon castles and
banquet halls in England were lighted
with torches held in iron sockets on the
walls. OF course hey smoked and
flckered, and it is witten that the wind
blew the sparks all over the room. In
ancient Rome and Greece the torch was
the standard method of Illuminating
buildings and street, although la mp
burning fat from 1sh wick, were ex-
tensiveiy Used.
The advent of gas light was quickly
overshadowed by the discovery Of petro-
leum. And then, after thousands of years
of cropping about in almost absolute dark
ness, the electric light, discovered only
about a score of years ago, gave the nearest
substitute to actual sunlight known to
man.
Since then great strides have been
made in artificial lighting until only a
few DAYS ago the scientists announced
the new tungsten electric light, which is |
predestined to revolutionize electric light
ing.
The light from the new tungsten mean
descent lamps is pure white and is very |
closely allied to natural sunshine. 1t is
the first artificial illuminant by which |
all colors can be distinguished. Color is an
ocular conception. Without light there
is 10 color. Red is red only because it
has the quality of absorbing all other
coljrs of the spectrum and rejecting t re
red rays. Artificial lights in which the
yellow, violet, or red rays predominant
cannot be used to match colors. Under
the clear white light of the tungsten
lamps violet is not blue; pink is not red;
and blue is not black as when looked at
under any other kind of artificial light.
The most delicate tints show clear and
true.
Tungsten. or Wolfram, is a metal dis
covered in 1871 and named from the
Swedish "tung" (heavy) and " stem
.stone). 1t is not found native but
occurs as tungstate of iron and man
yanese in the mineral wolframite,
and as the calcium tungstate. The pure
metal which was produced only few
months ago i'm the electric furnace, is a
bright steel gray, hard and brittle
crystalline substance. Ii is also used
% increase the temper and tenacity of
'teel for hard tools. The fusing point
IF tungsten is higher than any other
metal, which enables it to operate at the
'ery high efficiency obtained in the
tungsten lamp.
Tungsten lamps are made on the same
principle as the common incandescent
amps They look about the same but
he tlament is longer. looped several '
lines in the glass bulb and anchored at {
10Th ends.
Ii is not alone because the tungsten
amps give a better quality of light than
ny other artificial illuminant that i
axes first place i'm the lighting world.
'ut this new lamp is the perfection of !
economy and will give three times at
luch light as the ordinary electric light
lr the same amount Of money.
The ordinary incandescent light con
lmes 3.S watts OF electricity per candle
over The new tungsten lamp CON n
Imes only ID watts OF less than a third
his means that with the same amount
illumination the electric light bills 9
-e recdued two-thirds. The life OF these
mps is about 1000 hours and they work .
lually as well on direct or alternating
TRENT. n
Every effort in the laboratories OF the
ectrical industry is bent towards econ
ny for both producer and consumer. u
he latest development in electric light, 9
hich viii save two-thirds of all the
ectric light bills. is but another long step Of
the right direction Electric News.