davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Birmingham age-herald., 1908-12-13

sages entrusted to his hands. A leak from this service is rare indeed.
 Few people realize fully the nervous
 strain under which the telegrapher la bors. Physicians regard it as one of the most nerve-racking occupations, and the
 thousands of nerve-wrecks that drop out
 of it's ranks to seek other employment are witnesses to the correctness of the diagnosis.
 Under the bonus system the tension is fearful. This "bonus," or payment of
 1 cent per message, in addition to his
 regular salary, for all messages over certain number per hour (usualy 32) that
 an operator handles has greatly increased
 the capacity of the wires, but the pace is
 killing. Fifty, sixty, seventy messages
 hour fly over the duplexed wires in each
 direction. After an hour at this speed the
 sending and receiving operators at each
 end exchange with their partners to rest
 hand and ear Hardly a second is lost in the exchange. and on flows the endless
 stream of messages-the tales of birth
 and death, happiness and sorrow, business
 and pleasure. Only in the wee sma'
 hours of the morning does the all-pervad- ing roar of the operating room die down to a few faint intermittent chatterings as
 the last belated tldings hurry on their way.
 Through long practice the telegrapher is apt to become almost mechanical in his work. The ear receives the sounds. the brain switches them to the fingers
 and the words are written out on the typewriter without leaving the slightest impression on the mind of the person who transcribes them.
 An instance of this kind occurred in the Associated Press office in Cincinnati when President Lincoln was assassinated The operators heard newsboys in the street below calling an extra, and learned. on investigation, that Lincoln had been shot. Evidently the news had passed through their office; yet not a man could remem-
 Der having handled it. Even when shown,
 the sheet, the operator who received it had not the faintest recollection of recelv ing the news
 Women telegraphers are entering the field more and more. and some of them are brilliant operators. but general
 rule their ability is not quite up to that of the men.
 The new mechanical printing telegraphs
 are now in daily operation between the larger cities of the north and east | though they cannot be said to he a com plete success in respect to speed. So far they work best at speeds but little higher than the old hand method. | However the day Is coming when the trunk lines between the cities will be op-
 erated with improved mechanical appa-
 ratus and these great circuits fed by shorter lines worked on the present Morse system, much as the. trolley roads now feed the steam roads.
 It is not impossible that these improve
 ments will before many years bring
 about lower rates and an immensely aug mented traffic.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1908-12-13

At the present time the simple circuit just described is used only for way wires and others carrying light local traffic; also for newspaper and broker wires on account of their being less affected by weather conditions than the multiplex systems The heavy trunk lines between the cities are nearly all worked duplex, or with Thomas A! Edisons famous quad ruplex These inventions. coming in the order named, made their appearance just at the time when the telegraph traffic had grown to the point where the ola style one-way apparatus could not handls it. and the cost of stringing sufficient number of additional wires was almoa prohibitive.
 As these names indicate, these two neF systems doubled and quadrupled the fa eilties. The present polar duplex pro duces the signals by changing the direc ton of the current and is so adjusted that the incoming and outgoing impulses do not interfere with each other. This makes 1t possible to send and receive one mes sage in each direction simultaneously over one wire. An older style of duplex went on the theory of increasing and decreasing the volume of current. Edison combined these. and after many experiments pro- duced his quadruplex, which enables the telegraph companies to handle four diff ferent ges at once on the same wire two in each direction.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1908-12-13

The end of development in thls direc- tion has not been reached yet. A sextu plex has already been experimented with and it is very possible that it will become a part of the regular telegraph equip ment
 Possibly the most wonderful feature of modern telegraphy and the one most near ly approaching the wireless, is the phan toplex, invented by Francis ". Jones, chief electrical engineer of the Postal Telegraph-C Gable company.
 Every wire on a lead" or route, may be broken down. yet so long as all are not severed between the same two poles the phantoplex will jump the gaps with it's current and york as though they never existed. This system is especially valuable here in the south. where heavy seets often play havoc with the wires during the winter The disadvantage is that only one "phanto'' can be worked on a lead-two would kill each other
 At nearly all large centers current is supplied to the lines by special motor dynamo machines. The motor end is driven by an ordinary alternating current while the dynamo end gives out a di- rect current: that is. one flowing In one direction only. at a pressure suitable for telegraphic purposes. 4 few Of these small machines now do the work formerly done by great rOomful of the old-style chemical batteries.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1908-12-13
Many Improvements to Perfect
 the System
HAR0SHlPS OF LINEMEe
Great Responsibility of Operators. Most NerVe-Racking Occupation. Business Becomes Mechan-
 ical-keep Secrets.
By ARTHUR K. AYERS.

The operation of the two large telegraph systems of this country is something that. on an average, touches the life Of every one of it's SOO0O,OOO inhabitants twice a year: yet comparatively few people have d clear idea of the working of this great public utility.
 Visitors to the operating room of large telegraph office are awed and bewldered by the Niagara-like roar of hundreds of saunders; the peculiar humming whine of the dynamos that are making current for thousands of miles of wire; the glistening instruments; the great switchboard, with it's array of straps. plugs. cords and warning lamps;-all these, with the ring ing of signal bells to call wire chiefs to certain circuits, the hurrying check boys and girls, and traffic chiefs, go to make up a picture of apparent confusion. Yet in reality all is orderly and sys- tematic.
 The basic principle of telegraphy Is magnetism-the magnetic telegraph it's full name The simplest system is wire fed by dynamo or battery at one end and buried in the earth at the other. thus completing the electric circuit through the earth By means of the key the circuit is made or broken by depressing or relieY- ing the fever of this instrument. Pressing the key down completes the circuit and the outgoing current magnetizes the home and the distant relays and saunders, pro-s dueing the familiar clicks of the Morse alphabet. This arrangement of dots and dashes is read by the skilled operator more easily than he can understand spo- ken words
 Any number of keys and relays can be introduced at intermediate stations along such line, and anything transmitted over it will be repeated at every station, but be copied only by the office it is in tended for Each office is designated by a call consisting of one or two letters or figures. The calls become as familiar to operators as their own names, and rail road telegra phers do not hesitate to snatch an hour or two of sleep at night, knowing that the first sound of their call will arouse them.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1908-12-13

Early each morning. before the heavy business of the day begins. every wire is tested, any faults that may develop To- cated and repair man sent out by first train. or on his railroad yelocipede
 The life of this reparman is q hard one. Subject to call day and night, often out all day in the severest weather, working high up on icy poles. he is not to be enyied.
 Instances of real heroism and fidelity to duty are not infrequent in this de- partment of the service The writer re- calls one man who climbed mp and down ice-coated poles all night long in bitter cold weather, throwing buckets of water on them to keep the important Cincinnati Chattanooga pole line from being set on fire by blazing depot.
 While the telegraph wires carry com paratively feeble currents, there is the liability of their becoming crossed with other lines of high voltage, and fire chiefs are decidedly averse to having their men throw water from hose onto burning poles The stream of water and brass nozzle are excellent conductors of cleo trieity. and a fatal shock might ensue
 But the heroic is not the only side of the lineman's life There come summer days after the spring foliage has been carefully trimmed from the trees along the lines, when the wire chief reports All o. =" morning after morning. Then it is that the men gather in the shady alley back of their office building and the tobacco smoke goes lazily mp into the air and the tales go around. Tales of sleet and storm, and strange freaks of lightning, difficult cases of wire trouble. fires. re- movals. and all the things that go to make up the life of these men.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1908-12-13

And the ludicrous is not lacking. On
The Birmingham age-herald., 1908-12-13

high sense of honor, and of his re- sponsibility, causes the telegrapher Q keep forever safe the secrets of the mes-
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1908-04-04
BEWARE OF CONTINENTS FOR CATARRH THAT CONTAIN
 MERCVRI.

as mercury will surely destroy the sense of smell and completely derange the whole system when entering it through the mucous surfaces. Such articles should never be used except on prescriptions from reputable phy- sicians, as the damage they will do is ten fold to the good you can possibly derive from them. Halls Catarrh Cure, manufactured by F. J. Cheney & Co.,. Toledo. O., contains no mercury, and is taken internally, acting directly upon the blood and mucous surfaces of the system. Tn buying Halls Ca tarrh Cure be sure You get the gen. uine. It is taken internally and made in Toledo, Ohio, by F. J. Chepey & Co. Testimonials free.
 Sold by druggists Price, 75c per bottle.
 Take Hall $ Family Pills for con- stipation.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1908-04-04
CONVICT LEASE
 SYSTEM WRONG
New York Prison Commissioner Makes an Inspection Of the Arkansas and Other Penitentarie> of fife south crn States.

Little Rock April ;. Dr. Charles F.. Howard, president of the State Com mission of Prisons and also president of the Prison Building Commission of New York State, who was in the city yesterday inspecting the Arkansas !pentJontiarl WIh reference to ifs con. Istraction and aTan9emcnt. completed his Investigation and left fhis morning for Atlanta. Ga. where he will inspect the Federal penitental4.
 Speaking 10 Democrat reporter last might, pr Howard satd.
 T note that he cont.s: lease system k still in force H Arhitasas. This is all Wr9Hs. as has been exclusively proven by actual test ot les.4, in other states. in my estimation lhe leasing of conyicts 10 contractors and work ing them upon public farms or at di.5a- eGeeable tasks on contracts serves to make the prisoner nI"ae vicious and in Inc WaH Gts 1hem for citizenship after they have finished their -o}m.
 In New York the srage prisoners are engaged ill manufacture. We make clothing. shoes, furniture. etc, and all this outpu of the prison factories is for the use of other state institutions. and the furniture is sold to state and city offices throughout the state. Or ganized labor in New Yor3 has never objected to the manufacture of these articles in the prisons, fer the reason that the $1 .000,000 worth turned ou amounts to one-halt of one per cent of the entire state and the organized laborers are Willin@t to contribute this much to allow tine prisoners to be disappearing and at the same time eQnip themselves for a position at good wages upon their release. We teach the criminals in the prison just the same as your school teacher instructs the pupils of the public schools, and in educating both the hand and head we are doing much toward retaining large numbers from the pathway of the criminal and mak- ing useful citizens of them.
 My inspection of the Arkansas and other penitentiaries is for the purpose of gaining all possible knowledge in the matter of construction. We do not always find things to incorporate in our plans but We do find the things which We wish to avoid, the things which have not proven successful in other states. In the construction of our new prison at Sing Sing We desire to make it the finest prison establish
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1908-04-04
NO CONCESSIONS
 IN TWO OFFICES
Contestant, For Office of State Audi
 tor and Att0rne. General Claim Election.-Neither Will Concedc De- feat.-.]obc and NorWoOd Have Lead.

Little Rock, Apri! B. Despite the fact that a full week has gone by since the primary election, considerable political interest cent@s on two of the State official races. because of the fact that neither contestant has yet flatly conceded defeat. These two of fees are attorney general and auditor.
 In the former the candidates are Hal Norwcod and P R. Andrews and Nr. Norw0Cd is claiming the victory by a majority at from 3,o00 to 5000. and on the face of the returns seems to have a lead which the counties yet to heap from will make it difficult to overcome. St confident is Mr Norwood that he has vacated his headquarters here and returned 10 his home in Mena, where a celebration has been held by his luWnsmen on the strength of the off ClHI I'ptnrQS tar
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1908-04-04
FIRST I VAS HE TEDDY BEAR
 BUT NOW TIE TEDDY P|G

The Helena World says: First ii was the Teddy Bear" and much as that anima. was loved and fondled, inoffensive as 1t was to the most crit ica1, there were those who arose and urged with voice and pen against the little uncovered animal of hair and sawdust One reverend gentleman from the pulpit even delivered 8 ring ing address, denouncing the Teddy as a pernicious fad and declared that it was weaning the little girls from their dolls and destroying in them all ideas of motherhood.
 But now horrors of horrors. it is the Freddy Pig" If you are one of those who follow the fashions 10 the extremes. it is up to you to provide Yourself with a small pOrker, wash him clean, tie blue ribbon ill the Kinks in his tail and use violet toilet water freely on his bright pink skin. Purchase an elegant little collar, fast en it about piggy's neck, attach there to a ribbon and you are ready to promenade.
 Your pet may show an inclination to root in the gutter by the sidewalk, but drag him freely along, thus teach ing him to overcome such traits. He may be some trouble at first, but per severe and You vii be comfofted by the knowledge that you are leading the fashion proces=.on-
 Harry Rosenbers. of Pine Bluff, has been the first one to take up the fad there and he app ared on the streets Yesterday with h.s pet. As yet il is
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1908-04-04
THREE WIVES CLAIM MINING MANS ESTATE
Nfs. Hattie Mcdonald, oi Little Rock, amon@ Those Who sa, They Mar
 Tied V. r. McDonnid.

St. Paul Min@.. -fprtI D Cp 10 date, ihHee women have appeared before Probate Jud@e smith of Minneapolis to inform him that they are legally welded wives of Willard P. McDon- a'd and willing to take charge oi property which that individual left.
 The deceased husband was formerly q mining promoter in Minneapolis dying November 2, 1907. He had operated extensively in mining stock His will, presented for probate after his death, provided that his entire estate should go to Rachael J. Me Donald, of Excelsior She claimed to be his wife, but this assertion was plotted out of the will
 Tle other two women who have filed notice of the contest are Alice McDon- aid, of Minneapolis, and Hattie Me Donald. of Little Rock, Ark. Alice says she married Mcdonald after the will was drawn in 1898, and that no matter how many wives put in an ap- pearance, she was the last one and therefore she should have slice of the money.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1908-04-04

mcnt in the world, and to this end am insepctinG both the new and old prisons.
 While ii is not my mission to crit icise either the system OF construction of the prison of the different states, | can truthfuIIF state that the sooner Arkansas does away with the con tract lease system and the county form, which is also operated by con tractors, and begin to use tue pris- oners in manufacture and flo cducato them at The same time Dhe> are mak- in@ them sclf-supp0rting. the sooner th" staje will have solved yrfy diff cult problem.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1908-04-04
HELENA PREPARING

Helena April 3.-Members of the prospective Helena team and Manager King will arrive in this city next Sat urday and will begin practice Monday An effort will be made to secure an exhibition game here with some other minor league club before the opening of the schedule. I the river contin- ues to fall at the present rate, the ball grounds here will soon be in a position where work upon them can be commenced
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1908-04-04

For she cannot help it. Women ale often cross, irritable, hysteric, ani declare they are driven to distraG- tion at the slightest proyocation.
 Men cannot understand why this should be so. To them it is 2 mys- tcry because in nine times out of ten this condition is caused by 8 serious feminine dcran& ament.
 A remedy is necessary which acts directly upon the or%aaS afflicted, re, storing a healthy normal condition to tho feminine system, which will quickly dispel all hysterical, nervous and irritable condil ions slcE ia
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1908-04-04
FACTS FOR SICK WOMEN.

For thirty years Lydia E. Pink ham's Vegetable Compound, made from roots and herbs, has been the standard remedy for female ills, and has positively cured thousands of women who have been troubled with displaccments, in flammation, ulcera- ton, tibroid tumors, irregularities, periodic pains, backache, that bear ing-down feeling, fiatulency, indiges- tion, n,diZziness, ,ornervous prostratiou. Why don't you try it
 Mrs. Pinkham invites all sick women to write her for advice. She has guided thousands tO health. Address, Lynn, Mass.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1908-04-04
CA sTo7IA Baars ina <7Tha Kind You have Always BGugh' 'ssa''=' ss <zzzZzez3z

Confederate Women of Arkan
 Sas, 1S61-65. Memorial Remnjs- "ences. Published by the Arkansas Division, |. C. Y. For sale at De- NoodN,s 0rug store. 33-33- n
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1908-04-04

Mr. AndrwS, however, does not con cede his defeat, and while he as knowledges that the returns at pres ent, give Norwood a lead he believes the final returns will show that the Mena contestant has been beaten. He claims that his majority over Nor wood will range in the nefghborhood of 5.000.
 In the second contest, between Messrs. lobe and Oathout there seems little doubt as to Jobp's election by d good majority, from returns now ill. Col Oathout, however, will not con- cede that he is beaten and is still in the city awaiting the final and off i- cial returns Mr. lobe is confident his majority over the BooucylIe man will reach 10000 "There are oniF two counties from which l have rot received practically official returns. said Mr. lobe this morning. and these returns indicate that my major, fly will not be less than 10000. have not received the official returns from Logan county, but Il making up=csti- mates, I have allowed Col. Oathout q majority of 1000 for Logan. The two counties Yet to be heard from are Stone and MOntgOmery. both of Whicl east T c0mDaratiye1y small vote
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1908-04-04

impossible to tel. whether Or hot eiti-
 zens of Pine Bluff wiH accept the fad,
 but it is said that the price on we'll formed young porke~s has already gone uD.
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1908-04-04

FOR SALE-Tomato, cabbage and all other kinds of vegetable plants. Apply to Pic Merlo. Old phone S.3
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1908-04-04
LYDIA E. PlNNHAM'S VEGETABLE C0MpOUND

The folIoWlnS IeIter scrNcs 10 prove this fact.
 Mrs. Hattie Copenhayer, 315 So. Dist St., Parsons, Kans., writes:
 For two years 1 suffered from the worst forms of feminine ills, until was almost driven frantic Nothing but morphine would relieve ne. Lydia E. pinkham's Vegetable Compound brought me health and happiness and
Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1908-04-04

As light aS a feather, arH bis cults when made os Success Flour 3-15-tf
The Port Gibson reveille. [volume] (Port Gibson, Miss.) 1890-current, 1908-01-23
rIrs Mary E Barber.

After being critically i'll only for
a few days, Mrs. Mary E. BARRIER
died Sunday morning and her re-
mains were taken to Bolton for in
terment Sunday afternoon. The
body was accompanied there by
the family and funeral services were
held at the grave by Rev. DR..
Howard L. Weeks of the First
Baptist church, who accompanied
the remains, together with the sor-
rowing members of the family.
The deceased lady was born in
Kinds county October 10, 1860
She was formerly Miss Mary
Brown, and was married to R. M
Barber January 8, 1880. There
were eight children, among them
being Miss Eunice Barber. and Mes
danes J. H. Walne and George T.
Walne.
The Port Gibson reveille. [volume] (Port Gibson, Miss.) 1890-current, 1908-01-23

Heidenreich Bros. great two
weeks Cash Money. Saving Sale
begins Saturday. Jan. rs, at gam.
The Port Gibson reveille. [volume] (Port Gibson, Miss.) 1890-current, 1908-01-23
BIO REAL ESTATE DEAL.
Commercial Hotel and Adjoining
Property Sold for SII,7Oo.

This week Mr.. G. w. Wheeless
sold to Mr.. David Book the Com
mercial Hotel building, including
the store occupied by Ellis Bros.
and the barber shop occupied by
Robt. Lewis Also the Valentine
Hotel for negroes and several small
shops. The property embraces
more than a third of a square, and
extends from Main to Farmer
streets. The price paid was SII,- :
700, which is considered to be quite
reasonable.
Mr.. Book declares his intention
of turning the. Commercial Hotel
into an up-to.date department store
as soon as the present lease of Mrs.
E. N. Cade expires.
This is the largest real estate.
deal which has been consummated
in Port Gibson for many years, and
will no doubt stimulate the market.
The Port Gibson reveille. [volume] (Port Gibson, Miss.) 1890-current, 1908-01-23
CYCLONE FAIR.
List of Prizes Awarded by the
Judges.

Tbs folIowing is a list of the
prizes awarded by the judges oi
the Cyclone Fair, recently held or
Mr.. Titche's place:
Best bale of short staple cotton,
beautifully wrapped in towels with
eight hoops, from gin of Lemar
Cohn, Henry McGregor, prize 5.
Best sire, best year old colt,
best mule under one year. best
brood mare, all in one bunch,
premium $50, E. P. Hopes.
Best 8 months old colt, prize
S., E. H. Ikerd.
Best sweet potatoes, H. Gregor.
Best Louisiana cane molasses,
G. F. West.
Best turnip, weighing II pounds,
John Wilkinson.
Best head of cabbage, owner un-
known.
Racing record, Lucy Minis,
quarter mile in "a seconds
Judges of races: E. P. Hopes,
Wheeless and w. P. Gordon
Judges of exhibits: I. R. McCay,
R. Watt and H B. Vardaman.
The association extend thanks
to the white people for their inter
est.
The Port Gibson reveille. [volume] (Port Gibson, Miss.) 1890-current, 1908-01-23
ACCIDENTAL SHOOTING.
Will Mathews Shot by Young
Son of j. l.. Crawford
While Hunting.

Last Saturday afternoon while
Mr.. Will Mathews and a young
son of Mr.. ]. L. Crawford were
hunting near Reganton, the gun
carried by the boy was accidental
1y discharged, the entire load en-
tering .he hip of Mr.. Mathews and
making an ugly wound which may
prove fatal.
Cases of this kind are being re-
ported daily in the papers, and are
becoming so common that hunting
is the most dangerous sport in
which boys can engage.