Clarke courier. [volume] (Berryville, Va.) 1869-1997, 1908-01-01
THE PUBLISHER PAYS FOR 1T.

local papers are raising their
subscription price 80 per cent
in order to pay for the paper.
From the time when Gutenberg
first used movable type, made
of wood, to the present day
of metropolitan papers, some of
which consume the product of
acres of spruce in a single edition,
printing has in very large degree
depended upon the forest.
In the face of a threatened short
age of timber, the amount Of wood
consumed each year for pulp has
increased since 1899 from . million
TO 80 million cords. The year 1906
marked an increase of %, 900 cords
in the imports of pulpwood, the
highest average value per cord for
allkinds, anda consumption greater
by 400, 053 cords than that of any
previous year.
Spruce, the wood from which in
1899 three-fourths of the pulp was
manufactured, is still the leading
wood, but it now produces little
less than 20 per cent of the total.
How well spruce is suited to the
manufacture of pulp is shown by
the fact that during period in
in which the total quantity of wood
used has doubled and many new
woods have been introduced, the
proportion Of spruce pulpwood has
remained nearly constant in spite
of the drains upon the spruce for
ests for other purposes. During
this time three different woods, from
widely separated regions, have in
turn held the rank of leader in the
lumber supply.
Since 1899 poplar, which for
years was used in connection with
spruce to the exclusion of all other
paper woods, has increased in total
quantity less than 1OO,O0O cords.
and is now outranked by hemlock.
Pine, balsam, and cottonwood are
used in much smaller amounts.
New York alone consumes each
year over million and quarter
cords of wood in the manufacture
of pulp, or more than twice as
much as Maine, which ranks next.
Wisconsin, New Hampshire, Penn
sylvania, and Michigan follow in
the order given. Sixty per cent
of the wood used in New York was
imported from elsewhere, and even
so the supply appears to be waning,
since the total consumption for the
State shows small decrease since
1905, whereas the other States
named have all increased their
consumption. Other States impor-
tant in the production of pulp are:
Massachusetts, Minnesota. Ohio.
Oregon, Vermont, Virginia, and
West Virginia.
The average costofpulpdelivered
at the mill was 1921; The total
value of the v God consumed in 1906
was $40, 100000. The chief item
determining the price of paper is
the cost of pulp. An example of |
the increased price of paperis fou.d |
In the case of a publisher of daily
In the Middle West, who recently
paid 81, 200 for carload of paper. |
The same quantity and grade of |
paper cost year ago but $500.
The chemical processes of paper
making, which better preserve the |
wood fiber, are gaining over the
mechanical process. In 1899. 65
per cent OF the wood was reduced
by the mechanical process; in 1906, !
less than 80 per cent.
Allimportations of wood for pulp
are from Canada, and comprised.
In 1906, $1,000 cords, nearly all
of which was spruce. Four and
half million dollars worth of pulo
was imported in 1906, slight fail
ing off from 1905.
Circular l20 of the Forest Service
contains a discussion of the con
sumption of pulpwood in 1906,
based on statistics gathered by the
Bureau of the Census and the Forest
Service. The pamphlet can be had
upon application to the Forester.
United States Department of Agri-
culture, Washington. ID. G..
DOCTOR HALE ON WOMAKS WORK