davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The evening star and Newark advertiser., 1908-01-14
THE STATE FINANCES.

The net balance in the State treas
ury. as shown by Governor Stokes, is
$500, 900. 1t should be observed that the
balance of several millions credited to
the treasury at the end of every fiscal
year was bookkeepers balance. II
existed only in name. With contract
obligations and the supplemental ap-
propriations of the ensuing year de-
Quoted, the net balance never exceeded
about million dollars. In the last two
years there has been shrinkage ct
some sources of revenue, while the
State has assumed expenses formerly
borne by the municipalities.
The word economy" will therefore
have greater prominence at this session
of the Legislature than in years past.
The Legislature must either provide
new sources of income or restrict its
appropriations, and that will be a hard
thing to do this winter. The institu-
tions for dependents will clamor for
money, and will not be denied. But
with judicious economy the Legislature
need not be parsimonious in its appro-
priations. Combine or consolidate the
salaried commissions; abolish unneces-
sary State departmental offices so that
the high-salaried men who are the de-
partment heads shall do the work they
are paid to do. There are many ways
and means of making both ends meet
without cheeseparing, and one way is
to cut out all unnecessary expenses.
The evening star and Newark advertiser., 1908-01-14
LAST YEARS BENEvoLENcEs.

Althoughwe had acurrency stringency,
a money panic, and capital was sup
posed to have been scared out of its boots
toward the close of 1907, the men who
have lots to give appear to have given
pretty freely in this country during the
year and in goodly sums. OF specific
donations for benevolent purposes, it is
mentioned that. $71QOO,OOO were given
to education, $9,O0O.OOO to religion, $17,-
100000 to art galleries and public i'm
provements of one kind or another, and
some $3,000,o00 to libraries.
These figures account for $1o0.o00,0OO,
no small sum to be paid over for public
benefactions, but the Chicago Tribune,
which makes a speciality of such statis-
tics. says that at least $50,0O0,0OO more
was distributed in this wise, and that
doesn't include the large aggregate
given in small sums from day to
day in the ordinary run of contribu-
tions to benevolences Of all sorts. TAX
ing it all in all, 1907 seems to have been
pretty good year for giving. May
those who have keep it up!
The evening star and Newark advertiser., 1908-01-14


subject. Governor Stokes we'll remarks
the different local conditions that
characterized municipal government,
and shows that these conditions can
not we'll be provided for by general
laws or be intelligently administered
to by State Legislature.
Says the Governor: 1.-The laws of
every municipality should be deter
mined chiefly by location and by the
size and the character of the popula-
tion." These widely differ. And the
Governor adds: municipalities should
not be hampered by the continued in
tervention of the State in local detail"
He recommends a general charter un-
der which municipalities shall have
"the broadest powers of local adminis-
tration consistent with good govern
ment.''
AS the Governor points out, statute
of this kind would make unnecessary
nearly 20 per cent. of our legislation
and place the responsibility for mu-
nicipal affairs where it properly be-
longs. There will be cordial agreement
with the views thus expressed. And
there should be no reservation of the
powers to be conferred.
The evening star and Newark advertiser., 1908-01-14
DUMB IS YEARS AND ALMOST
AN IWBECILE BUT IS CURED

I'm this way the abnormal person
may be brought to the condition where
he can become an active, useful agent
in life, and not be forced to bear a
milestone about his neck.
And the way to that cure lies in
proper exercise most carefully directed,
which will equalize the distribution of
nerve force throughout the body, thus
bringing about coordination of the mus
cular and nervous systems of the body"
When the boy first came to his notice
Professor Campbell says all of his hab-
it's were infantile, and he was abnormal
in every way. His body was unde-
veloped, as was his brain. Professor
Campbell began by causing the boy
to wiggle one of his toes, an operation
which required several weeks. Gradu-
ally the principal was extended, mus
cles were stimulated, and with their
stimulation came response from lungs
and heart and other vital organs. Cir
culation was quickened and finally
came the power to speak. The boy
has developed ambitions and says he
is determined to go through college as
soon as he can make up for lost time.
Professor Campbell brought Laut to
New York for the purpose of demon
strating to Columbia College profess
sors his theory of scientific develop
ment Of the abnormal.
The evening star and Newark advertiser., 1908-01-14

NEW YORK, Jan. 14.-Speechless for
sixteen years, Gustav Laut has in ten
months learned to talk fiuently. Dur
ing the same period he has developed
from an abnormal, undeveloped, al
most imbecile boy, into an alert. active,
ambitious person; he has grown four
inches in height, permanent teeth
have come to him against all the be-
liefs of the dental profession, and he
now gives promise of becoming a
healthy normal man. His development
is the result of experiments by Pro-
fessor Charles Morris Campbell OF
Albany N. Y, an instructor in music,
who treated the boy according to
theories of his own, theories which he
believes will cure the deaf and even
the blind, as well as the dumb, and
put an end to imbecility.
81 simply say don't try to force upon
an abnormal person normal educa-
tion, any more than you would force
an abnormal education upon normal
human being" says Professor Camp
bell.
Instead Of seeking to choke down
the throats of the former stereotyped
instruction that may really he doing
serious harm to his stunted faculties,
give your attention to educating those
abnormalities and effecting cure.
The evening star and Newark advertiser., 1908-01-14
FICTITIOUS VALUE OF STOCKS.

A remedy for over-capitalization of
quasi-public corporations, proposed by
Governor Stokes, is certainly novel and
striking. The Governor shows that ''the
problems growing out of capitalization
are "predicated entirely upon the fixed
par value of the stock issues" and he
perceives that "if the shares of the
stock were issued without a value
fixed by the dollar mark. the difficulty
would be eliminated" and the question
of over-capitalization could never
arise" The value of the stock would
be determined by its net worth and the
accepted rules of credit, and not by any
dollar mark or the artificial valuation
indicated by it.
A glance at the stock market reports
will show that par value has no relation
to real value. Some stocks are above
par and others far below The law
which permits a corporation to issue
stock at certain figure of value can
not bolster up that figure in the mar
ket, but it can and does help to de-
ceive innocent investors. Governor
Stokes has given to the Legislature an
idea that may germinate in legislation
The evening star and Newark advertiser., 1908-01-14
GOVERNOR sT0KEs's vALEDICTORY
MESSAGE.

All the messages of Governor Stokes
to the Legislature have beenremari1able
in their breadth of view, as well as in
their detail and grasp of public affairs
in this State. The message delivered
to the Legislature today Is a statesman
like paper that will find an honored
place in the States archives. We cam
not recall valedictory message by any
former Governor that bears the least
comparison to this thoughtful earnest
and comprehensive review of State af-
fairs by a Governor who has proved
himself master of statecraft
The conspicuous results of the admin
ietration of the last three years, a
period crowded with the most impor-
tunt legislation enacted in many years,
were due principally to the initiative of
Governor Stokes, and now that he is
about to leave office his past opponents
viii clleerfully render him that tribute.
Necessarily. as a new Governor has
been elected, the duty of advising 1egis-
lators as to future policies devolves
upon him. Governor Stokes, therefore,
deyotes one part of his message to
summarizing the most important re-
suits Of State legislation during tho
period of his administration, while in
the other part he makes comments and
recommendations based upon these acts
and upon the knowledge and experience
he has gained in the executive office.
Governor Stokess message occupies
fifty-four pages of pamphlet and must
therefore be summarized for news
paper print. 1t touches upon every i'm
portant interest of the State and dis
cusses affairs with freedom and lack
OF bias that is really refreshing. 1t is
at once radical and conservative. and
II bears the unmistal1able stamp of
absolute sincerity, Governor Stokes
shows in this message that he is salts
fed with his administration, as well he
may be. No former Governor left
office with such a record to make his
administration memorable.
The evening star and Newark advertiser., 1908-01-14
kissing the Book.

To the Editor OF the Evening Star:
When did the custom of swearing on the
Bible originate? r. P. y.
1.-THE custom of swearing on the Bible
comes from the ancient Jews, who at first
touched their phylacteries-smal cases
containing strips Of parchment inscribed
with texts from the Old Testament-'n
taking oaths and later laid their hands
upon the Book of the Law; and the vari-
Gus customs OF taking oaths in different
countries have all similar origin. The
early Anglo-Saxon regarding stones as
sacred to their gods, therefore laid Their
hands on a pillar of stone. In medieval
times 1t was customary to touch relic.
aud this was regarded as giving the oath
more sacredhess than when sworn upon
The missal or prayer book. Another Gus
tom of the same times was swearing by
churches. A certain number were mem
toned, and the attestor was Obliged TO 80
to each one. take the ring OF the church
door in his hand and repeat his OATH rhe
custom of kissing the cross to attest an
oath has been observed in Russia from,
very early times, and has extended into
other countries. According to the laws OF
The Order OF the Garter in the time OF
Henry VIII. knights templars were re-
quired in taking oath to touch the book
and kiss the cross Since the Reformation
the taking Of oaths by kissing the Bible
has not been permitted in Scotland. In
other portions of Great Britain it is the
common method.-Edl
The evening star and Newark advertiser., 1908-01-14
PRISON KEEPER osBosNE's LOGIC.

State Prison Keeper Osborne has met
with great deal of deserved ridicule
of his views respecting capital punish
inent which he airs in his last annual
report 1t is clear that Mr. Osborne
is not a logician. He pointed to the
large number of murderers under SELL
tence of Imprisonment as an argument
In favor of the abolition of the death
penalty without realizing that he was
offering the best kind of an argument
why the death penalty should be re-
tained. If capital punishment should
be abolished all murderers convicted in
the court would be sent to State
Prison. If the electric chair or the
gallows is not deterrent for murderers,
nero Imprisonment cannot be, and the
result of this abolition would be a
considerable addition to murderers' row
in State prison.
But Keeper Osborne's logic in his
annual report was dictated by his weak
desire to escape from his official duty
1t would be moro consistent and GER
tainly more manly for him to resign and
let some man with a sitter moral
backbone take his place.
The evening star and Newark advertiser., 1908-01-14
The Taft Boom FIouri,hine.

Politicians who have earned something OF
a reputation for shrewdness in forecasting
events and who have been persistently pre-
dieting an early collapse of the Taft move
ment are having their confidence in their
infallibility rudey shaken these days.
For the Taft boom refuses to collapse.
On the contrary, II seems to gain
strength and momentum every hour,
And its outcropplng is not confined to
any locality or section. IT Is. appearing in
all parts OF the country, and II indications
mean anything, 1t has something more
substantial to it than the support of local
organizations.
Even the politicians are beginning to
understand that the rank and file of the
Republican party is for Secretary Taft
Nor need one search long for a reason
The secretary has a record for doing the
public work well and patriotcally 1t is a
record that grows in the estimation of his
fellow men the more they study It,
Wherever he has been assigned to duty, he
has fulfilled his mission in a manner to
convince everybody that his one aim was
to conserve the welfare OF the people. 1t
is a record without a failure, with scarce
ly flaw.
1t should cause no surprise. then, that
the Republicans of Ohio. Secretary Taft's
own State, are practically unit for him
and are determined to make him their cam
didate at the Chicago convention. In this
purpose they are not only loyal TO them
selves and their party, but they believe
they are giving the highest exemplihcation
of patriotism by doing that which is best
for the nation. And it is pleasing to them
that their efforts are meeting with such
widespread approval.-Toledo Blade.
The evening star and Newark advertiser., 1908-01-14
OUT WITH THE VOTING MACHINE

If there were not grave objections to
the use of the voting machines there
would be no great popular opposition
to the same. If the machines were all
that was described in the fiattering
prospectus put forth by Samuel d.
Dickinson as an official report, every
body would be in favor of them, and
nobody but the political crook would
object. Governor Stokes recites some
of the alleged virtues of the unpopular
voting machines, but he recognizes
the patent fact that opposition to the
machine has grown in intensity"
Says the Governor: Public senti-
ment makes law, and it is not the
province of the executive or the Leg
islnture to impose upon the people any
form of voting which is distasteful and
unsatisfactory" and apparently pub
lie opinion on this subject is such that
the abolition of the voting machine is
very probable outcome" He recon-
mends the adoption of a good blanket
ballot. Governor-elect Fort will in all
probability be more pronounced in his
opinions on this subject in his In
augural message, as he has livelieI
sense of the demerits of the machine
that have made it so generally unpop-
nlar
The evening star and Newark advertiser., 1908-01-14
The Tweed Ring.

To the Editor OF the Evening Star:
If you will publish brief account of the
Tweed Ring and the Tweed trial you will
greatly oblige, M. c. Med.
LWillam M. Tweed and others, known
as the Tweed Ring" were prosecuted for
frauds while they were municipal officers
of New York. by which they obtained
more than Sc, 100000 from the county of
New York. In a civil case 1t was decided
by the Court of Appeals of New York, in
1874, that an action for money fraudulently
obtained from county could not be
brought In the name of the people of the
State. This was subsequently, remedied by
statute and a Judgment obtained. In a
criminal case Tweed was found guilty on
twelve counts for similar offenses in one
indictment and was separately sentenced
to one years imprisonment on each, with
the direction that the service of one sem
tence should not begin until the completion
of service on a previous sentence. After
completing the term of his first sentence
writ of habeas corpus was served on his
jailer and the Court of Appeals later de-
cided that under the statute comforting the
power to sentence, Communication sentences
in such case were not lawful, and dis
charged him, but he was Immediately i'm
prisoned, in, default of bail, in preceding
civil suits. In December, 1875, he escaped
and fed to Spain, where he was captured
and returned. Tweed was married In 1874
and had eight children. He died in Ludlow
Street Jail, New York. April IL, 1S7S.-Ed.l
The evening star and Newark advertiser., 1908-01-14
Nj. vNort Tircd CuncrIe.

Several men achieved great wealth by
association in business with Carnegie,
amongst them being Andrew M. More
land. who at one time acted as secretary
and treasurer of the Carnegie company.
Prior to this he was auditor of the COM
pany, and while acting in this capacity
he was summoned one day to consult Mr..
Carnegie, who set wine before his guest
at dinner.
mo, thank gou don't drink" said Mr.
Moreland.
Later on Mr.. Carnegie brought out the
cigars
mo, thank you, / don't smoke" said
Mr.. Morcland.
Still later in the evening Mr.. Carnegie
proposed a game of cards.
NO, thank you, l don't play cards,
said Mr. Moreand.
Mr., Carnegie looked at his guest. Tell
me why you dent do any of these things,
he dryly requested
you've kept me working too hard all
these years: I've had no time to learn.
was the reply
Mr.. Carnegie thought moment
ANDY" he said. I'm going to give you
three months vacation. Now, for
heavens sake go OFF somewhere and learn
tc do something besides work.
The evening star and Newark advertiser., 1908-01-14

them IN wages and would probably not
readily adapt themselves to the climate
and the work. The suggestion that If
contract labor is to be employed the
East Indian coolie would fill the bill in
every particular is one worthy of con-
sIderation. This class of labor is en-
ployed almost exclusively in the ba-
mana plantations in Jamaica and found
to be satisfactory in every particular.
Perhaps the Hawaiian government will
look into this before deciding upon the
European experiment.
The evening star and Newark advertiser., 1908-01-14
The steam.hIps Of the Future.

1t is not likely that steamships will be
built very much larger but they are likely
to be built higher, especially il the much
talked-of gyroscope proves the success
that is hoped. Riding firm and secure
upon the tossing pillows, the ocean liner
can be made skyscraper. Down in the
basement there can be swimming pools
and fishing places; farther up will bs
hotels department stores and offices OF
every description, and high over all may
be found roof gardens, wireless telegraph
offices, lunar observatories and aerial
navigation stations. Some composition.
combining the lightness of aluminium with
the fireproof quality of asbestos should
be invented for constructing the frame
work of these ocean skyscrapers, and
with ingenious devices to protect them
from wind and lightning. the ships can
ply their way in comparative safety, with
all the comforts and advantages Of great
city at hand, night and day. Sea travel
will then afford a delightful change, with
the minimum of sacrifice to the man who
thinks he cannot afford to be idle, even
in the time 1t takes to cross the Atlantic,
while the man who prefers to live on the
ocean can do so, and still make a good
living for himself.-Springfield Union.
The evening star and Newark advertiser., 1908-01-14
Good rneet in south Amerle..

A Rio lie Jenciro newspaper says; THE
pr presehce in this harbor of the American
ships will prove that our attitude Mt the
second peace conference, when we crossed
arms politically with the delegates from the
great republic of the north has aroused
neither antipathy nor suspicion OF US. :.
That is clear-sightcd comment and IN
dicates that the cruise of the fleet, al
though not ordered for that purpose, IL
bound to have good influence on public
opinion in South America. John Barrett,
formerly minister to Argentina and now
directcr-genera OF the International Bu-
reau Of American Republics says that In
South America doubts often have been
raised as to the strength and capacity OF
the United States to enforce the Monroe
Doctrine. His view that the cruise of the
iieet will tend to dispel such doubts from
the South American mind is entirely rea-
nable.-Chicago News.
The evening star and Newark advertiser., 1908-01-14
IMPORTED LABOR FOR HAWAII.

Should the bill pass upon which the
House committee on immigration has
agreed suspending for six years the
law prohibiting importation by the
Hawaiian government of European
contract laborers 1t is a question
whether it would accomplish its pur-
pose Of practically substituting Euro
pean iaborers for the Japanese that
now predon1inate IN the sugar planta-
tions. Europeans cannot compete with
The evening star and Newark advertiser., 1908-01-14
nmi.aidn. Of History.

With all the Fighting Jims and Bins
we have on hand today
To give our enemies the chills and keep
our foes away, \
I wonder why the Carthage press did not
adopt this plan.
Their hero would have killed, 1 guess, to
pose as Fighting Ham,"
The Romans. too, were quite remiss; their
generals were game.
But ne'er through such scheme as this
did they come down to fame.
The greatest soldier Of the lot, born to
command and rule,
Alas, was never known, wot, to fame
as Fighting julie"
with all the Fighting Petes and Jakes
we have ON hand, I think
Our fathers made some big mistakes in
singing printers ink
The foremost leader Of them all, who
changed each week map,
Was never known 0t makes me bawlO to
fame as Fighting Nap!"
Louisville Courier-Journal.
The evening star and Newark advertiser., 1908-01-14
weather FIags.

To the Editor OF the Evening Star;
What do the blue flag and the white
flag mean when used as weather signals?
READER.
1.-THE white flag indicates clear or fair
weather, the blue flag rain or snow. The
white and blue together indicate local rain
or snow. A white flag with a black square
in the centre portends cold wave, Tenn
perature Is indicated by a black triangular
flag, which, when placed above the first
three flags mentioned. indicates warmer;
when below colder, When 1t is not shown
the temperature is expected to remain sta
tionary.--Ed.1
The evening star and Newark advertiser., 1908-01-14

The present system of Congressional
convening is undeniably illogical and un-
suited to modern conditions But the
difficulties in the way of readJustment
are serious and cannot be easily over
come. The project to change the inau-
gural date is simple one In comparison
and it behooves all its friends to con-
centrate upon its accomplishment. II the
necessary amendment TO the Constitution
were adopted by Congress early in the
present session 1t might possibly secure
the ratification Of the required number of
State legislatures In season to affect the
change Of administrations In 1S0s.-Wash-
ington Star.
The evening star and Newark advertiser., 1908-01-14
IN HUMOROUS VEIN.
She Could Not Trust nim.

A little girl ran into the parlor of her
home in this city the other day, and, Sec
ing her. grandfather sitting in the corner,
she went over to him. On her face was q.
happy smile and in her hand was a box
of candy.
Grandpa" said the little girl looking
into the aged face. ARE you very old?'
Eyes, my DEAR answered the fond
grandparent. Your grandfather is very,
very old man.
Haven't you got any teeth, grandpa 2"
was the next question OF the youngster.
mo. Dolly" replied the antique rela-
tive; they are all gone"
''Then, grandpa cried the little girl
with an expression of confidence, you may
hold my candy. ."-Philadephia Telegraph