davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1908-01-30
the FUTURE OF IN sEpARA.
TOR BUSHES.
{ by w. w. Presley of hsso,ri /,

(By w w Pressey OF issouri.)
j have every confidenceh the con-
tinued use of the cream sbarator IN !;
constantly increasing numhrs. The
great value of the machine 9 a mon
ey-maker is attracting Increasing at
tention everywhere. Every nan who
milks cows will eventually swn a
cream separator.
1t is wrong and unjust to asdtbe to
the hand separator condition. witch
has grown out of its use, but noSfrotn
any failure of the machine to d the
work for which it was made.
1t is impolitic and unwise to pHach
uncleanliness and care and dechcy
to dairy farmer from such a pdpit
las a poultry house which is used al
receiving station for cream.
1t is lamentable fact that sine
the hand separator has been intrs
duced in some sections, there hal
been a great falling off in the quality
of butter. Yet we believe that the maA
chine is here to stay, that it is an ,un-
qualified success, that it's sale should
be encouraged in every legitimate
way.
1t is easy to understand why the
conditions which make inferior
butter exist today. They are due
wholly to the fact that the farmer
owning the cream separator has re-
| lied upon their saving him too much
time and work. 1t is true that high
grade cream separator will save days
of time in one year, both for the dairy
man and the housewife. But too many
farmers are riding willing horse
! to death" in trying to save where In
reality they lose.
| A cream separator must be washed
after every skimming If your cream
lit to be up to the standard. IL your
cream is not clean there is no way In
the world to secure clean, highest
grade butter. #
This cleaning Of a separator may
| take three to five minutes after every
skimming;5 as long as it would take to
handle and clean the heavy milk
! cans, which it saves you bothering,
with, and in the end the gain In hav-
iings a high grade cream for making
into high grade butter will more than
pay any dairyman for taking time to
secure a clean sanitry dairy
1t is up to any dairy community to
so change conditions in creamery
work that man can be paid for care
and cleanliness. That foul and dirty
cream shall be made absolutely un-
salable.S ,.
| The mistakes of the past are the
guarantees of success in the future,
and while no man enjoys admitting,
even to himself, that he has made ser
ious mistakes. The only way to avoid
them is to admit their existence. to
look the futures sqAarely in the face,
and to realize that it alone belongs
to us that the past is gone forever and
to squarly and firmly resolve that we
need better conditions and that we
will have them.
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1908-01-30
WHOLE MILK FEEDING WASTE
Full
The Cost of Raising Whole Milk
Calves Estimated.

me following comparison between
raising calves on whole milk and
those raised on skim milk Is furnished
by I. L. Hacker, the greatest dairy
authority in the United States in Bull
letln IS of the Minnesota Experiment
Station.
This comparison shows a difference
Iof 1928 per hundred pounds in favor
Of skim milk for feeding calves.
In this experiment nine calves were
selected and carefully watched so the
results obtained would be accurate.
These calves were fed from twelve
to twenty-four weeks. The skim milk
calves were fed fiax-seed meal also.
The whole milk calves were fed moth
ing but unskimmed fresh cows milk.
The average rate Of gain for the
whole milk calves was / 10 pounds
per day. he cost per hundred pounds
for the whole milk calves was $3.50.
The cost per hundred pounds for the
skim milk calves was $40. The differ.
ence in favor of skim milk s7.29 per
hundred pounds.
You cannot make money feeding
butter worth 25c per pound to your
calves. This is what you do whenever
you feed the fresh cows milk instead
OF the separator skim milk.
Other comparisons and investiga-
tons might change these figures
slightly but the cost of production is
SO manifestly in favor of the hot sen
arator skim milk for calves that the
farmer or dairyman who practices
any other method is pursuing a very
wasteful course
At the present price Nof butter. no
man who owns two or more cows can
afford to be without hand cream
separator. The profit on two cows
milk at present prices Is greater than
on five cows in the years 1905 and
1896. -
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1908-01-30
REASONS CREAMERIES CAN'T SKIM
CLEAN AS FARMERS
Sourness in MIX Sent to creameries
and Its Relation to Close skimming.

Vol. a, p. 342 U. S. Experiment
Record:
The examination of the milk from
so diaries in the month of August
showed a sure reaction after to 4
hours. The dirt consisted principally
of COW excrement.'
Now under average conditions in
the care of milk before it is delivered
to the creamery, it continues to de-
velop an increased acidity or sour
ness. One can of milk may be sour
and thin; another sour and thick and
maker rejects the sour thick milk.
He cannot skim that at all. The sour,
thin milk is accepted, subjected to
steam heat when necessary, and
Skinned as well as conditions permit
1T to be done. Now here is the reason
sour, thin milk does not skim in a
hand separator of power machine
as perfectly as sweet milk. The little
fat globules one four-thousanth to
one six-thousanth of an inch In diam
eter5 are held or fastened in the curd.
When the separator runs, it throws
this heavy milk or skim milk, holding
some Nof these little fat bodies, to the
outside. Now some of this curd or
caseine holds the smaller fat bodies
and they are carried out in the skim
milk. 1t is just exactly the same thing
happens if you set two cans of milk
in cold water, one can being perfect
|ly sweet and the other containing as
much acidity and sourness as it us
ually does when sent to the cream
|ery. The sour, { thin milk you know
don't raise one-half the butter fat it
|contains while. the other will raise
|three-fourths of what it contains and
occasionally more. The little fat bod
les are there in the milk can which
you set in the water. But they don t
rise to the top. The curd or caseine
holds them, surrounds them and the
Fcurd being, heaviest prevents their
|rising.
Now the same thing is true of a sep
arator and the degree of acidity. gov
|erns the percentage of butter fat the
buttermaker can recover.
1t is for this reason that the farm
Ter san, if he desires to do so, skim
his sweet milk cleaner with hand
separator than is usually done with a
power separator.
y
|skim milk containing nearly a per
(cent butter. That is to say if you sent
milk to the creamery testing A per
cent, they only took out 3.6 per cent
s. Visit a creamery some time about
the time the butter-maker is stopping
the power separator and before he
skins the remaining 5000 or 1000
pounds of milk in the vat; just before
the machine clogs. 1t will surprise
you what excessive loss of fat takes
place in tn eone-half hous before this
happens. 1t is very much greater than
when he first started the machine.
Every. other day milk" also pre-
vents close skimming. 1t is only the
periodical thinker and not the lover
|of truth, who warps his mind to be
closer than the farmer with his own
hand separator.
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1908-01-30
CLEAN H0G-PAILs ANDlTROUGHs
Contribute as Well as Clean Skim
! Milk to Growth of Hogs and Pre-
vention Of scours.

Prof. w. "A. Henry, (E. IS. r. o. 716)
concludes after summarizing extern
sive experiments in pig feeding,
using skim milk from the University
Creamery, with a view to determin-
ing its value and make the necessary
observations on appetite, digestion
and scours among the hogs and pigs,
Here he hits the creamery hard when
he says: There is need of securing
skim millas in uniform quality and in
clean vessels" This he insists upon.
BY quality he means cleanliness, free.
dom from diseased germs, ILLNESSES
sary water content and freedom from
sourness.
A farmer in Eagle Center township
Blackhawk county, Ia, says that skim
milk in general kill hogs. He refuses
to feed it at all. While he maintains
an extensive view. it only illustrates
the difficulties he has had in the pre-
vention of scours in pigs. When any
animal scours, his symptoms are that
he eats moderately and wastes all
the food Of whatever nature. The
longer time this continues the
greater the loss, not only because of
the loss OF food and growth at the
time but because 1t permanently in
lures the digestive organs, and the
animal is never likely to entirely
overcome the effects.
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1908-01-30
"A STARTLING CONDITION
Danger Of Infection From Skim MIX
and Buttermilk From creameries.

4 Or. o. Mueller, Koenigsburg, Ger
many, reported to the 9th Information
al Yenterinary Congress .eTubercu-
lous is communicative to pigs as well
as calves. Skim milk, butter milk,
whey and centrifuge slime are the by
products Of creameries that convey
the disease to such an extent that 60
to 10 per cent or even 100 per cent
of the animals may be tuherculous. =
The government inspector at Jones'
Dairy Farm Sausage plant informed
us last winter that when ever he
found a batch of hogs from farm
that were tuberculous he was usually
certain either that they were drinking
creamery skini-milk or that the herd
OF cows on the same farm wer tuber-
culous.
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1908-01-30
THE LIGHT OF TRUTH

in of
ordinary showing briefly
conducted
heating
reason for the
antagnostic
These facts expert
on this
3 ( K
They should be changed good
butter the demand
solution the difficulty
"
first hand separator into this
that the
there IS but one thing needed now-more of them.
We forth In
our this showing that the hand
not antagnoic daiyman
holder farmer profit Adopt its ua
gesons
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1908-01-30
PROPER FEEDING RATlONs NEG
:ESSARY
Why Some Farmers Make More On
Hogs Than Others.

F. w. Wool. in Wisconsin Expert
mental Station Bulletin, 1899. shows
that hogs of different ages and weight
require different quantities of feed
to maintain their live weight.
On one experiment tried 100
pound pig neither gained nor lost on
2 IL OF. corn meal; 2 1-2 OF. mid
3dlings and l pound 8 ozs. skim milk
A $50 pound pig neither gained nor
lost on 10 OF. corn meal, 6 IL ozs.
middlings and pound 9 1-2i ozs. of
milk.
a 200 pound pig neither gained nor
lost on 10 Sd ozs corn meal. pound
s ozs. middlings.
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1908-01-30
LAND $500 PER ACRE.
Danish Dairyins Must Pay or Farm
ers Could Not Afford Rent.

supt. o. c. GREGG ofMinnesota says
thefarmers of Holland and Denmark
could not pay rentals on land
valuation of $500 to $500 per acre, i'm
port American corn and feed it to
their cows with profit. Sure the
American farmer can feed the same
corn where it Is raised" and on land
worth 500 an acre and make great
er profit. q Il
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1908-01-30
!. THE DAIRY COMMISSIONERS.
OF Iowa, Their Ideas Of skim Milk.

3. p. Norton, says: "The gravity
SKINNED milk SO hours old is sour
before fed. The creamery skim
milk is sweet one day and sour the
next. The calf fed upon 1T is likely
to be afflicted with diseases of diges-
tive organs, eliminating Ia scours. I"
III B. Wright says: with sweet
skinned hand separator milk, fed in
a clearly manner, with corn to bal
ance the loss OF fat, calves can be
raised that will rival those that follow
TIE COW "a a q IS
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1908-01-30
IA GREAT LOSS SUSTAINED.

IL. T.. Van slyke, New York sta Re
port 1891. p. 3s1.)
In th cease Of one animal whose
milk at all times has refused to cream
by any gravity process employed the
yield of butter was increased from
13.9 pounds to 24.1 pounds BY using a
separator. The average gain In all
cases was a little less than 5 pounds.
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1908-01-30
A GOOD RATION
Hand-separator or skim Milk and I'm.
ground Oats Growth of Calves.

The following figures show the larg.
est gains one party ever made with
skim milk and oats.
Weight each month of each
calf No. Q
April I, .... 1876 345 900 245 14S 81
May ATS 1856 1886 80
June sos sos $50 800 245 200
Gain 2 mo LEO 100 100 145 81 106
These creditable gains are given
Tor the purpose of showing what ex-
cellent results may be had with warm.
sweet, fresh and pure skim milk from
the Hand Separator.
Each calf was fed the milk sonar
ateiy out Of clean pail. The milk
was measured not weighed. About one
gallon Of 8 1-2 pounds was the amount
led. They were given free access 70
corn and oats at all times when
young. AS soon as there existed indi-
cations of imperfect digestion of the
corn and oats due to the age Of the
calf this practice was discontinued
and the feed was ground.
The results in this instance we're
remarkably successful due to the
feeding OF the fresh separator skim
milk and grain In combination. 1t Is
q plain, common every day ration
that any farmer can use to adyan-
tage 4
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1908-01-30

Z, Sailing the cows regularly increases
the milk flow to the amount 81 ahont
one pound per day per COW. The Al.
sttlhority for this statement Is the a. 81.
tario AgricultuIaI College, Guelpb y
Canada. Z 81 r.
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1908-01-30

me Canada Experiment farm an
ran or spring cows found BY studying
Inc profits on 20 cows that tia fai3
cows are more profitable. -
The Leon reporter. (Leon, Iowa) 1887-1930, 1908-01-30

i, q pool OF stagnant dirty water was
me cause Of 2 spongy curd il mix
As soon as the cows were given al "a.
cess 70 pure water only, the ayil d ia,
appeared. p. s. n. p. 2S2 s' ~,
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1908-02-29
INJURED MAN
Wants DAMAGES
JAMES MCCORMICK CLAIMS THE
STREET CAR AGENTS WE'RE
CARELESS.

The case of James Mccormick
against the Ottumwa Railway & Light
company for $1,000 damages alleged
to have been sustained when one Of
the company's cars struck defendants
buggy August 16, 1906, on Court
street near Maple avenue, was COM
menced in the district court today.
Mccormick asserts that he at
tempted to cross the tracks near the
Maple grocery to get out of danger as
a team stood in the street on the side
of the street he was travelling. Be-
fore he could cross the tracks plain
tiff asserts car came upon him from
the rear and threw him from the bug
gy, severely injuring him. In fact he
asserts the injuries were so painful
that he had to pay out $50 for doc
tors bills, $3.50 for loss of time, and
$500 for pain and suffering.
Mccormick is represented by Steck,
Daugherty and Steck The street car
companys counsels are McNett & Nc
Nett
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1908-02-29
HIGHLAND CENTER.

Highland Center-Mr. and Mrs. G.
F. Brenneman, Mrs o. C. Stevens and
G. F. Durand were passengers for OF
tumwa Saturday
Miss Gretna Grain went to Wash
ington Saturday to visit her sister,
Mrs. Harver knapp.
Mrs. o. D. Emery is suffering from
a severe spell of tonsilitis.
c. G. Sterner and family will not
move to their home In Eldora until
next week on account of sickness.
c. F. Koble and family will move to
Ottumwa next week.
: l. w. Mccormick was in Ottumwa
on business Monday
G. Primmer and family have moved
to the A. ]. Buckner farm
Mr.. and Mrs. Roy Stevens of Of
tumwa are visiting at the parental
home.
Mr.. Bacon and family have moved
in the r. R. Steiner property in the
west part OF town.
Don MoCormick's little boy got
his eye hurt one day this week but
is reported to be better.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1908-02-29

passed through the city last evening
en- route to Oskaloosa to visit her sis
ter Mrs. G. l.. Graft.
Mrs. Louis Plowman and Mrs.
LOUIS Spurbeck, who have been visit
ing friends in Knoxville, passed
through the city last evening on their
way TO their home in Douds-I.eando.
Miss Bertha Bennett of Birmingham
who has been visiting Miss Minnie
Spencer of Farson, returned to her
home last evening.
Fountain syringes guaranteed by
Sargent
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1908-02-29
LEROY EDWARDS
is INDICTED
COLORED MAN, ALLEGED RAPlSf'
IN ALBA JAIL FOR
SAFETY.
lNDICT JOE POSTEN
Justice Court "Attorney' Is Charged
With Obtaining Money by False
Pretences From Mrs.
Guffey.

From Thursdays Daily.
The grand jury yesterday afternoon
reported three indictments to the
court. One against Leroy Edwards,
now in the county jail at Abba,
charging rape, one against Joseph
Posten, charging him with cheating
by false pretenses and the third is
for a minor offense, but as the indict-
ed man is not in custody the name
cannot be divulged at this time.
The crime for which Edwards is
held in bonds of $4,000, which he IS
unable to furnish, is for an unspeaR-
able attack on Mrs. Clara Erwin
of lily Hayne street on the evening
Of January "a, as she was on her way
home from town.
Police Pick UP Edwards.
A negro attacked her at the rail
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1908-02-29
Something New i'm
Ladies' Hand Bags

Just received fine seection-each
and every one are special Values
81 80 Ladies' Hand Bag new style
DIT ....'....'.. 'Yi'-
Ladies Hand Bag, usually sold
at{s125. at CSC
s1.0O grade Ladies Hand Bags,
something new at ........... Ioc
S5c Ladies' Hand Bag, sure to
please you. at ............... b9c
75c grade Ladies' Hand Bag, up
to date style, at ............ 4Sc
Ladies Hand Bag, soc quality at FAC
S1.25 grade Ladies' Brooch. neat
patterns, at e9c
Toe Ladies' Brooch, something
that will wear at ,........... 4Sc
soc Ladies Brooch, a new selec-
tion at -. 24c
s1.25 grade in Cuff Buttons, sure
to please you, at ......... 1900. S9c
soc Cuff Buttons, up to date pat
terms at NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS.. 24c
Cuff Buttons usually sold at 75c,
our price 4Sc
P. S.-Just received. new line of
Coat Sets and Collars, and prices are
within the reach of ALL
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1908-02-29
EIGHTH PRECINCT PRIMARY.

The republicans of the eigth pre-
cinct of Center township will hold a
mass convention at the I. o. o. F.,
hall in South Ottumwa, Saturday,
February 20, 1908, at 4 o'clock p. M,
for the purpose of selecting four dele
gates to the republican county conven-
ton to be held in Ottumwa March Z,
1908 and for the transaction of such
business as may properly come befoi>,
the convention. S. F. Knox, chair
man committee.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1908-02-29

The republican electors of the 4th.
precinct, Washington township, will
hold a mass convention at w. G. Tay-
lor's Office in Eldon Iowa, Saturday
afternoon at 200 o'clock for the pur-
pose of selecting five delegates to the
republican convention to be held in
Ottumwa, March 1908, and for the
transaction of such other business as
may properly come before the con-
ventlon. H. R. Hillery,
Precinct Committeeman.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1908-02-29
MOULTON.

Moulton.-"The Gayety' moving
picture show has suspended business
1t was owned by Centerville parties.
Monday on business.
Orvis Davis is back from school at
Chillicothe. Mo.
Mr.. and Mrs. Ellis Darnell are here
from Milton visiting at the Wardie
Montgomery home.
Dan Edwards departed Sunday for
Arlington where lie will remain this
summer.
Editor Rambo of Glenwood, Mo-,
was In Moulton Monday evening.
Mrs. James Jennings of Moberly is
Visiting at the D. B. Blosser home
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1908-02-29
Center Ninth Precinct Primary

0eIteI NTHtH PreCIHcI PFImafy.
The republicans of the Center ninth
precinct will hold mass convention
in the court house Saturday, Feb. 30,
1908, at 1880 p. M, for the purpose of
selecting six delegates to the republi-
can county convention to be held in
Ottumwa March Z, 1908, and for the
transaction Of such business as may
properly come before the convention.
]. A. Murphy, Chairman.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1908-02-29

The republican of Cass township
will hold their caucus for the purpose
Of selecting four delegates to the
county convention on March Z at the
hall in Chillicothe teb. 30, between 9
p. m. and p. m.
A. Cotton. Committeeman.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1908-02-29

road crossing near the pickle works.
She was carried behind a pile of ties
and there after being abused was al
lowed to go to her home. She ran
to the door of nearby residence and
the police were notified at once Ed.
wards was taken into custody by the
police within a few minutes This is
the third time Edwards has been un.
der suspicion for similar offense.
The police even believe he is the
man that attacked Miss Jeanette
Yates of Ottumwa street last fail
while near the corner of Wapello and
Fourth streets.
The case against Edwards will prob
ably not be reached at this term of
court as there are too many cases
ahead of it. Edwards will not be
brought to Ottumwa until time for
the hearing of the case.
Poster Case.
The case against Attorney Poster
is one in which he is alleged to have
induced an old woman to give him
$11 with the belief that her son, Dave
berry could be cleared Of the charge.
IL Is dSSSIleQ ny luS Gull pldlIduI. AS
~sistant County Attorney Ernest
Mitchell that Poster approached Mrs
Guffey, representing himself to be an
attorney and that he could, for 81,
get Charley Sackett, the prosecuting
witness away from the city and cause
the case to be dropped.
Appealed to Mother.
The mother was poor, but the
prospects Of saving her son from the
penitentiary appealed to her mother
love and she says she turned the
money over to Posten. He did not
fulfill his alleged promise. The case
came up in its regular order and a
jury found Guffey guilty. Judge Rob.
erts sentenced him to ten years, an
indeterminate sentence, at Anamosa
Poster has contempt charge hang.
ing over his head which accused him
of attempting to suborn or attempting
to cause witness, Charley Sackett
to leave the city when the Guffey case
was about to come up for trial. This
he refused to do and took the matter
to the county attorney.
The grand jury will probably finish
its work this evening or tomorrow for
this term.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1908-02-29
LOCAL NEWS ITEMS

From THURSDAYS Daily.
Nesnam sells the best Watches.
Misses Mary and Eta Vittetoe of
Sigourney are in the city visiting rela-
tives.
Mrs. G. L. Miller, 1926 West Sec
ond street, is in Hooking visiting her
sister, Mrs w. ]. Chase.
Mrs J. B. Stump of Chillicothe, who
has been visiting at the home OF her
daughter, Mrs. Manning, at Given,
has returned to her home.
Sargent treats everybody right.
Miss Mary Hanson and Mrs ].
Hanson of Hedrick passed through
the city en- route to Agency to visit
at the home of Mr.. and Mrs. Fred
Miller.
Mr. and Mrs. w. A. Brady, who
were in the city on business, left last
evening for their home in Richland.
Trusses fitted right by Sargent.
Mr.. and Mrs. S. A. Pearson of Lib
ertyville passed through the city EN-
route to Hedrick, where they will Wis
it friends.
Miss Male Napier, who has been
visiting at the home of her uncle,
Henry Napier of this city has return
ed to her home in Hiteman
Clutches and crutch tips, Sargent
Mrs. Carl Arnold and son, Master
Xelis, of North Frank street, left last
evening for Chillicothe to visit Mrs
Arnold's sister, Mrs Rector
From Fridays Daily
When in town try Sargent's drug
store.
Mrs. Mary Fisher and daughter,
Clara of Eddyville are visiting at the
home of their daughter and sister,
Mrs. w. E. Keene of Mcpherson
avenue.
Whirling spray syringes at Sargent's
Mrs. c. A. Murphy of Birmingham
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1908-02-29
Fourth Ward School Caucus.

The voters of the Fourth ward will
meet at the Office of the Hutchinson
Lumber Co., Monday evening, March
2, at 1880 O'Clock, for the purpose of
selecting eight delegates to the non
partisan school district school con-
vention
z c Pnirce Dammit oa,,,nn
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1908-02-29
Tri- Weekly Courier
CHANGING ADDRESSES.

Subscribers wishing their address
changed will please give the name Of
the Postoffice to which the paper has
been sent as well as the Postoffice
where they desire it to be changed to-