The sun., 1908-12-27
SURVEY THE WHOLE WORLD
LARGE, VESSEL PLANNED FOR
TIE CARNEGIE INSTITUTION.
% Practically NOn-NIa gnetic. and Scieu.
fists VIII Study the Capers OF the
Compass-Henry j. GIeaOw Is Build
Stng Cruising Yacht In Stuth Brooklyn

Compass-Henry j. GIeeOw Is Build
tng CPulsing Yacht In South brooklyn
The Carnegie Institution OF Washington
has contracted to build magnetic survey
vo6ael to be named Carnegie which Is to
10 making systematic surveys 10 Determine
the magnetic conditions all over deep WI ater
Sea8. This vessel Is being built by the
Tebo Construction Company in South
z Braoklyn and lpis been designed by Henry
j. GislpW, who mas paid considerable atten-
tion to the requirements OF the scientists
and has, turned out q veseCl the like of
whieirs has never been built before. The
Carnegie viii when completed look like q
! ahe cruising yacht. and that is practically
what she will be. but fitted to cruise under
Al conditions Of sea or weather in any
watsfs OF the world
About four years ago the Carnegie In
ntitution Of Washington undertook to make
oSfiea of systematic surveys. A depart
mont OF research in terrestrial magnetism
was organized and the work placed In
charge OF DR.. l.. A. Bauer. who was formerly
In charge Of the magnetic survey OF the
United States under the Coast and Geo
detfc Survey. The first step iu the ocean
work was 20 make a survey of the Pacific
Ocean where until then little had been done
exceps shore observations on some OF the
islanda along the coast since the nota BILE
voyages Of the Challenger and the Gazelle,
more. than thirty years ago.
Observations were made from the con-
verted wooden yacht Galiee which bea aweer
August 1, 1905. and May 81. 1908. made three
successive voyages in the Pacific tracing
the great circle route, ziszagging in and
out of the islands and covering with net
work OF tracks all the places left uncovered
BY The Challenger. The Galilee cruised
mone than, 60 900 miles. The most north
erlypoipt visited by the Gslilee was Sitka,
Alaska, and the most southerly Lyttleton.
Now Zealand.
This was only the beginning Of the work.
The institute has already made obserVa-
tions 10 many parts OF the world and now
has 9wo expeditions in Africa. has just
sent smother to China. has one in PEI sa
and Asia Minor and has covered u part Of
south and Central America and British
North America and Greenland. II is esti-
mated that ma gnetic survey Of the world
tan be completed In about ten years more.
"a Historians say that when Columbus made
his memorable Western voyage his sail
ors mutinied because among other things
tbe needle of the compass no lon ger pointed
to'the North Star, which showed that this
phenomenon was observed but not under
stood. Since then all mariners have had
10 put up with what appeared to them the |
senseless capers Of the compass, for while |
in one part OF the ocean the needle prac-
tically pointed due north in other locali- !
ties tho variations, as the mariner terms
the angle of departure OF the compass
fropi true north. was several degrees. on |
the coast of Oregon and Washington there
is variation as high AS twenty to twenty
hve degrees. This variation does not
exist only on the oceans. but is also found on
land,
AZ present in the United States the line
OF NO variation along which the needle
points true to the pole" or due north be-
gins IN the eastern part Of Lake Superior
and Michigan and runs through Ohio about
half way between Cincinn att and Columbus
and after passing through the eastern parts
Of keatucky and Tennessee it cuts throu gh
South Carolina and enters the Atlantic
RSs;hh near OF on tas east side Of this
rule the further Il place is from this line in
es psr. e As sse In
poirts-si degrees west OF north and at Van
Dcuver |, points 2s degrees. east OF north.
given. u that assigned TO II on the ma gnetic
and Geodetic survey. This line has for
How long this motion viii continue scien- :
fists do not know. The true north pole
and the magnetic north pole are not identi-
sept for the very small motion recently dis
severed by astronomers. the magnetic pole
spse o time tSs setaa bath Sens
~ yet unknown. because Of lack Of data ,
soyeriIs a sufic ent period Of time:
terrestrial magnetism and suggested that ,
!kree ships should be sent out 70 examine
letism, Of the earth This plan has never I
been adopted and the surveys that have been !
made have been more or less incomplete.
the work done has covered hardly more )
han one.tenth OF the navigable waters OF !
he earth. II is to complete this work that !
he Carnegie has been ordered. r,
n The construction of the Carnegie many
iiftculties have been encountered, 1t has
<act. was signed on December 0. and this !
: which N "a, i5on and steel and ether maghetlc
ion. of thin cast iron liners in the cylinders :
y the bronze internal combustion engine I
ess a6 r0s c
he construction OF the vessel. 3
uTveys it was decided to build her her Of 9th" Il
truStioa Thoroughly substaptial. combip- v
Fith the sturdy strength of a merchant =
'oeSel are as 1olIoNs: Length over all, las =
eet q inches: length on load water line, I28 2
eet inches beam moulded, Ss feet; depth II
es tons with all stores and equipment on 4,
oard, .
Her lines are fair and easy, runnin in an a
nhroken sweep from stem to stern. There .
re no hollovs anyv here, in fact the model N
hov's power and seaeoinR qualities
Handsome gided scrollwork
ill be worked on each bow and quarter "
nd connected with a gold stripe all around y
be vessel. The hull will be constructed as ,s rs
horoushlys and substantially as any mer- "
haft vessel sfoat: the seantling being the F
al Bureau Of Shipping for merchant YES. q
elb of equal tonnage. The keel. stem, W
.etrpost, frames and deadwood will be
white oak the deck beams plankinR "
nd ceiling will be Of yellow pine, and the Sc
edt OF Oregon pine In long lengths, comb "
rainAd The fastenings will consist OF ttgg
,cutt Teenails, copper ana Tobin bronze u
olts and composition spikes; all through in
otis TO be riveted over. rings both inside se
nd outside. All metal deck fttings, metal III
ork on epars and rigging will be OF bronze, ia
The vessel will have full sail power, with ju
origantine rig carrying lust under IL zoo =,
lunre feet Of plain sail; her spar plan y
eAsurtng l22 feet from foremast truck to W
- water SUR ace and ?oi feet from the for M
ard end Of bowspfit to the after end Of
ie nafu boom, The distance from the N,
,rEard end Of the bowsprit TO the forward
Id OF load water line Is Is feet. from the
'rward end Of the load water line to fore OF
aAt q feet The rigging will be Of Russia n .
ann. ASnaria1lN rna6e f0r thie al