The Waxahachie daily light. [volume] (Waxahachie, Tex.) 1894-current, 1908-06-10
THE MANUFACTURE Of PULP WALTON ATTACKS UNITARANsM
Nearly Four Thousand Cords Wood
Used Last Year.

Washington, June 10.-A prelim-
mary report of the consumption of
pulpwood and the amount of pulp
manufactured last year has just been
issued by the bureau of the census.
the statistics collected by the census
bureau in cooperation with the
United States Forest Service.
Many of the figures bring out in
teresting facts which show the rapid
growth of the paper making and al
lied industries during the last de-
cade. Nearly four million cords of
wood, in exact numbers 1852, $50
cords, were used in the United States
in the manufacture of paper pulp
last year, just twice as much as was
used in 1899, the first year for which
detailed figures were available. More
than two and one-half million tons
of pulp were produced. The pulp
mills used 800, 900 cords of wood in
1907 than in the previous year
The amount of spruce used was 6S
per cent of the total consumption
of pulpwood, or 100000 cords
The increased price of spruce has
turned the attention of paper man
ufactures to number of other
woods, hemlock ranking next, with
SIS 900 cords, or IA per cent of the
total consumption. More than 8 pei
cent was popular, and the remainder
consisted of relatively small amounts
of pine cottonwood, balsam ant
other woods.
There was a marked increase las
| which has always been the most pop
ular wood for pulp. For number
of years pulp manufacturers of this
country have been heavily importing
spruce from Canada, since the avail
able supply of this wood in the NORTH
central aid New England states
| where most of the pulp mills are 10
Gated, is not equal to the demand
| Figures show that the amount o
this valuable .pulpwood brought int
| this country was more than two ant
one-half times as great in 1907 al
! in 1899. In 1907 the importation
were larger than ever before, be
| ing rs per cent greater than in 1906
The spruce imports last year amount
ed to more than one-third of the con
sumption of spruce pulpwood. Onl.
slightly greater amount of domes
tic spruce was used than in 1906.
Large quantities of hemlock wer
used by the Wisconsin pulp mills
and the report shows that the Beave
state now ranks third in pulp pro
duction, New York and Maine rank
ing first and second, respectively
Poplar has been used for long tim
in the manufacture of high grad
paper, but the supply of this WOO
is limited and the consumption of
has not increased rapidly.
Wood pulp usually made. by eithe
one or two general processes, me
chanical or chemical. In the mechan
ical process the wood, after beini
cut into suitable sizes and barked
is held against revolving grindstone
in stream of water and thus re
duced to pulp. In the chemical pro
cess the barked wood is reduced t,
chips and cooked in large digester
with chemicals which destroy tn
cementing material of the fibers an,
leave practically pure cellulose. Thi
is then washed and screened t,
render 1t suitable for paper making
The chemicals ordinarily used ar
either bi-sulphite of lime or causti
soda. A little over half of the pull
manufactured last year was mad
by the sulphite process, and abou
one-third by the mechanical process
the remainder being produced by tn
soda process. Much of the mechanics
pulp, or ground wood as it Is com
monty called, is used in the maxim
of newspaper. 1t Is never used alon
in making white paper but Away
mixed with some sulphite fiber t
give the paper strength. A cord O
wood ordinarily yields about one to
of mechanical pulp or about one-hal
ton of chemical pulp.