davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Marion daily mirror. (Marion, Ohio) 1892-1912, 1908-02-03

lists generally were descendants OF
New England exiles that accepted the
hospitality OF the sea and gave the
name of Shelter Island to u sand
bar east of Long Island and were
pioneer settlers upon Nantucket, Mar
tha's Vineyard and Long Island,
which were inhabited by Indians.
Fortunately the Indians were less
savage than the Puritans were bigoted
and fauatical. The Southern Abol-
tionists regarded their services in
amelorating the condition of Black
man as an ACKNOWLEDGMENT OF their
hreducible Indebtedness 10 the Red
man.
From the two abolitionlst settle
ments in Ohio there were projected
morthward tie Underground Rail-
roads. Many abolitionists from
Maryland Pennsylvania and New
Jersey settled in the section men
toned
The Germans came In great num-
bers I o the territory traversed by
this line of transportation in west
ern Ohio.
SO a century ago that which now
fN2'tt1itutes the educaaonal white
belt of Ohio, was established.
Mdny interesting questions wKT
suggest themselves from study OF
thi S chart. AS an illustration, why
does Union, strictly rural coun-
ty. pay its country teachers better
wages than It's nelghbors, Delaware,
Marion and Hardin?
Why does Logan pay eight dol
lars per month more to It's country
teachers than its neighbor, Delaware?
The Marion daily mirror. (Marion, Ohio) 1892-1912, 1908-02-03
Petit and Grand.
BY CHARLES E. LUKENS.

Copyrighted by Charles Il. Lukens.
From the state commissioners re-
port OF the common schools of the
state, we learn the average wages
paid the teachers In the country
schools. This we regard as basis
and prepare, chart from the state
map, Counties whose wages paid
either sex is less than the average
Is represented In blacks Those
counties whose average wages of one
sex is below average is represented
by heavy bars. The above consti-
tutes the educational black bolt. and
the unmarked constitutes the educa-
tional white belt. n Will be noted
that localities where the Influence of
the pronounced professional type ex-
tends, wages paid teachers in country
schools are generally very low, be-
low the average. Particularly IS this
true In localities where the highest
ideal of greatness Is that achieved
upon the field Of battle though not
always so low but what discrim-
ination Is sometimes made upon the
basis OF sex. ~ considering the in
fluences Of educational institutions,
those located in the three most popu-
lous counties must be eliminated since
other influences also determine
wages.
During the first quarter of the last
century many abolitionists from
North Carolina and Virginia settled
In the outhwestern and also the
southeastern portions of the state.
Among the former were ancestors of
the writer and among the latter, his
kinspeople. The southern abolition
The Marion daily mirror. (Marion, Ohio) 1892-1912, 1908-02-03
GEOGRAPHY.

I. What is a map? Why, in map
on Mcrcator's projection, does Green
land appear about as large as South
American
2. What is the latitude of a place 2
How do you know that the earth
rotates?
3. Name Ave countries that produce
coffee; five that produce cotton.
a. state some of the natural conditions
that have retarded the civilization Of
China r
3. What form of government has each
of the following; Brazil, Turkey, Ger
many, Japsn and PortugalY
8. Which of the United States is sug-
gcsted by each OF the following produc-
nons; gold, copper, iron, petroleum and
lead
l. Give the location, name the prin-
cipal city, and tell something about tho
government, of Cuba OF Luzon.
S. Describe the voyage of vessel
from New York to Hong Kong through
the Suez Canal. How many degrees
south of the starting point will the fleet
of the United States on the way to San
The Marion daily mirror. (Marion, Ohio) 1892-1912, 1908-02-03
ORTH0GRAPHY.

!. What Is the distinction between the
name and the power Of lettery
g Write words using the different
sounds OF 90, III, g, c.
g. RewTite the following abbreviations
and opposite each write the word or
words for which il stands: ct al, i. e.,
A. b. Md, VS..
A. Syllabify, mark the accent, ayd in.
dicate by the proper diacrtics the cor
rect pronunciation OF the following: mis-
chievous, admirably, Infamous, finance,
wreaths.
$40 Spell the following words TO be
pronounced by the examiners; Mackerel,
tyrannize, villain, surly, siphon; Wichita,
discretionary, tragedy, loathe, pollen
gangrcne, clique gauge diocese, vitiate ;
labyrinth, leper, oilal (reiuse), cede Ito
give up), business; crate orange of
bars), separate, insurgents, controlling,
choos; Missouri, inaugural, sleigh
ride, shell of mussel, Milwaukee.
The Marion daily mirror. (Marion, Ohio) 1892-1912, 1908-02-03
PHYSIOLOGY.

l. What is the function of the skel-
eton? Give the composition of bone.
9. Name the parts of the alimentary
canal, and mention the various digestive
glands attached to il.
3. Describe the blood, tell how il is
distributed and give its functions.
4. Explain how the lungs ore filed
with air, and tell how the air is expelled.
5. How is the wasting and wear of
the body made upY
g. What is hungcr2 Should one eat
between mcals2 Why or why noti
l. What is asphyxia? How is the
color of the surface of the body affected
by it,
8. How is each side of the heart
divided2 Name the cavities and give
the course of the blood through them.
0. Give the general plan of structure
Of any organ of special sense.
10. How do alcohol and tobacco
affect the skin?
The Marion daily mirror. (Marion, Ohio) 1892-1912, 1908-02-03
Kirkpatrick

Kirkpatrick. Jan. II Miss Ida
Jeffery of Caledonia spcn: Saturday
ana Sunday with her sister Mrs.
q. +. Neal.
MIR. and Mrs. FillIGEer spent
.,und;.y at the home of Mr.. and
drs. VIII Dawson.
Mrs. Ella Strawser was the guest
of relatives in Agosta Saturday.
Misses Ruth Edwards and Grace
Straw were the guests of Miss Mil
lie Beers of Marion, Saturday.
Miss Sarah George ot north of
Monnctte, was the guest of Mr.. and
mrs. John George last week.
Miss Edith Reeder, VINO was visit
ing relatives in Bucyrus last week,
returned home Saturday.
DR.. G. H. Baker and Earl Rosen-
"ranse attended the X. oil p. ban
act in Caledonia Monday evening.
Air and Mrs. Y. lyon were in
Jarion Saturday on business.
Mir and Mrs. II. Hipshcr and son,
ci Caledonia, spent S',Lday with
Mr. and Mrs o. II. Neal.
Mrs. Howard Ward, OF north OF
aledonia, was the guest OF her
mother, Mrs. Ellen Rosencranse
Sunday. ;,
Frank Sherer of south of Bucy-
rus, was the guest of Minor Linn,
Sunday.
Frank Shrull. OF south of Mon
nette, was the guest of friends in
Kirkpatrick, Sunday.
Frank f'airchild, of south of
Marion. was the guest Of his moth
er, Mrs. Ellen Rosencranse, Friday.
| Miss Estella Rice was the guest
of Mrs. Jacob Linn, Tuesday even
ing.
| Dice Alexandria and Ray Ream-
snyder were in bucyrus Tuesday.
| MRS. Clint Shaw, of north of
Marion, was the guest of her sis
ter Mrs. George Purvis. :,
Mrs. George Hill of west of Kirk
patrick, was the guest of her sister
Mrs. Tom Malcome Tuesday.
| Wesley Matthew was the guest of
John Millcr, Tuesday.
Mr. and Mrs. ~. j.. Rice spent
Tuesday a. the home of Mr.. and
Mrs. w, i. Jones.
Miss Grace Lyon was the guest
of Miss Alberta Neal. Tuesday,
Harvey Beaver is on the sick list
this week,
Earl Beers Is on the sick list.
William Ludwig was IN Marion
Saturday
| Mr.. Landon of Nevada. o., was
tho quest Of Mr.. M, v. Walton, last
week
AIRS. II Monnett was the guest
of Mr.. and Mrs. Sam Baker, Thurs
day.
John George was the guest OF his
lhrothcr Mr., Alfred George, north
or Monhcltc,
Mrs. Howard, of Plymouth, ohio
is the guest of her daughter, Mrs
c. l.. Cole this week.
Miss Lizzie Shultz cf Waldo, is the
guest of Miss Alberta Neal this
week,
King Matthew was the guest oil
Mr.. and Mrs. John Weir, Wodnes
day.
-~eorge Mason was in Bucyrus
), ednesday on business.
Roy, G. l.. Cole was the guest o
friends and relatives In Plymouth
Thursday.
The Marion daily mirror. (Marion, Ohio) 1892-1912, 1908-02-03

Francisco, be compelled 10 travel befors
turning It's course toward the north I
approximate answer only required.)
.. If one should sail due cast fro.,
Charleston, S. c., what country would
he rcacbi II one sailed due west from
San Francisco2
10. What important facts in geo.
graphy may be taught by out-of-door
lessons where school-house is located
in hilly region?
The Marion daily mirror. (Marion, Ohio) 1892-1912, 1908-02-03
BRAIN PUzzLERS
Questions That Applicants for
Teachers Certificates
Must Answer.
MADE UP BY STATE COMMISSIONER
To Test the qualifications Of Those
Who Would Weld the Ferrule In
the Public Schools For the Educa-
ton of the Coming Generation.

Following is the list of questions
as prepared undes direction of the
state commissioners of public schools.
and submitted at the county examina-
tion for teachers Feb. 1 for element
AIRY school certificates:
The Marion daily mirror. (Marion, Ohio) 1892-1912, 1908-02-03

An cameis going peyono waking
pace at night In Alden must carry bells.
as 1t is impossible to hear n camel eli
ther trotting or running.
The Marion daily mirror. (Marion, Ohio) 1892-1912, 1908-02-03
THREE CENTURIES OF AMERICAN HISTORY
FROM A non PURITAN STANDPOINT

Psychological, Consequently Semitic History, Recog-
nizing Causation and Repudiang the Idea That a Chro-
biological Order of Events Constitutes TIistory--A
Distinction Recognized Between the Pilgrim
Which Hardly Constitutes Much
Petit and Grand.
The Marion daily mirror. (Marion, Ohio) 1892-1912, 1908-02-03

G. w. Concklin was appointed ad-
ministrator OF the estate of Will
lam T.. Conctn deceased Bond was
given IN the sum of $25O0.
The Marion daily mirror. (Marion, Ohio) 1892-1912, 1908-02-03
READING.

Examiners will conduct an oral ex.
animation in reading.
The Marion daily mirror. (Marion, Ohio) 1892-1912, 1908-02-03
erich, isn't hep"

IkICII, IoIf Z IIC = n
"Fabulously."
"Where did he get itT
"He's the man who applied the car
window principle to the doors of safes
and safety deposit vaults, making
them absolutely burglar proof
Washington Star.
The Marion daily mirror. (Marion, Ohio) 1892-1912, 1908-02-03
WRITING.

For this branch examiners will grade
the manuscript in orthography.
The Marion daily mirror. (Marion, Ohio) 1892-1912, 1908-02-03

In the matter of Edward Harris
against J. W. Burtsfield, I'm the
probate court, dispute over he
location of a township road. John
H. Mitchell, wilson Imbody and
Philip Loyer were appoirted view
ers.
The Marion daily mirror. (Marion, Ohio) 1892-1912, 1908-02-03

The will of Mary Cannon, de-
ceased. has been filed for probate
The hearing will be held February
10.
The Marion daily mirror. (Marion, Ohio) 1892-1912, 1908-02-03
Probate Court News.

Application was made TO probate
the will of Bosnia I.oebrick, today
The hearing was set for February
q.
The Marion daily mirror. (Marion, Ohio) 1892-1912, 1908-02-03

The will OF T. J. Graeney has
been filed for probate. '.he hearing
is being held today.
The Marion daily mirror. (Marion, Ohio) 1892-1912, 1908-02-03

He'll Irwin guardian of Calvin
Irwin, has Tiled a petition to sell
real estate. Hearing VAS set for
March 2.
The Marion daily mirror. (Marion, Ohio) 1892-1912, 1908-02-03

The will OF James II. Foster has
been admitted to probate
The Marion daily mirror. (Marion, Ohio) 1892-1912, 1908-02-03

s,Lucy E. Cook. administrators Of
the estate OF Frank " Cook, de-
Seased has ftiedsa petition TO sell
real estate. The hearing will be
held March 2.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1908-10-13
ABOUT RWARFS.
Myth and Fact Concerning These Lit.
tie People.

me dwarf is of very ancient linea &c
ana most respectable attachme hts. In
former times dWarfs were always in
ciuded in the retinueS of kings. A
dwarf Sc centimcters in height was
presented to Henrietta of France in a
pie. Bebe. the celebrated dwarf of
King Stanislaus of Poland. was SO
ccntimeters high. The smallest OF
dwarfs recorded in history was Nj Isl,
Hillary Agyba. of Sinai She reached
the height of IS inches.
Most children will remember Rum
peelstilkin, the dwarf in the fairy
tale; and readers of the Arthuriau
cycle of tales may have wondered at
the considerable supply of dwarfs con-
stantly at hand. Every maiden
seemed to possess dwarf chaperon
why was this? The medieval dwarf.
brownie. pyxie or elf is generally be-
lleVed to have been survival from
ancient times. when small dark race
OF aborigines inhabited the countries
OF Western Europe. Thus the folk
tale has an actual basis OF fact, says
Harper's Weekly.
Herodotus. who first told a disbe-
lieving world of the long polar night.
also referred to the annual migration
of cranes to Africa. whire they en-
gagged in fights with pigmes. 1t was
not until the visit of Stanley to the
great equatorial forests of the Congo,
however. that the existence Of a dwarf
race was proved. These dwarfs have
since been brought to England and
played an exhibition Their average
height is from three feet six inches to
a little above four feet.
The Akwas, Of British East Africa.
are dwarf race. They usually live
under the protection of the negroes,
who fear their theivish propeusities
and the poisonous arrows that they
employ in warfare. In South Africa
are the Bushmen, dwarf hunters Of
the great dessert. In the Andaman
Islands. off the coast of India, dwell
the Mincoples, dwarf race in a very
low stage of civilization living in huts
called "chongs,' which consist of a
roof on four stakes. Clothes are I'M
known to them. Dwarf races also ex-
list in the Peninsula of Malacca, and in
the Philippines.
However, height is quite relative
affair We ourselves look small to
the Patagonians, and even these would
have appeared subormal to Swift's
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1908-10-13
inches and weighing before cutting

inches and weighing before cutting
nearly ~ pounds.
1t was the half only of an enormous
octahcdrOn which had probably split
owing to this internal strain. No one
in his senses would purchase a gem
which was liable to destroy itself at
any moment and no reputable lirm
would dream of selling jewels which
might explode even before the CUSTOM
er got home.
Chemically produced or ''scientinc"
diamonds were first experimental for
by !. r. Hanhay in or before 1880 and
by sydney. Marsden in 1881, who pro-
Guce d black and transparent dia-
mondS; but the first authentic artificial
preparation of the diamond is due to
the celebrated French chemist NJ
Moissan. who followed Mr.. Mardsen's
experiments in S194-19O5.
The French savant. however. never
succeeded in obtaining transparent
diamonds by his process: at least the
white crystals yielded to reagents and
were probablyo only varborunGum and
not pure carbon. These results. al.
though deeply interesting to scientists
have not the least interest to any ono
else. For one thing the diamonds"
are SO small they need q magnifying
glass to see them, the largest ever
produced being only -fortieth OF an
inch long.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1908-10-13
New ZeaIand's Strange Island

White Island derives its name lom
the clouds of white steam in winch !
appears to be continually envelopeus,
It's area is only six hundred acres a",
it's height about eight hundred ''''
above the sea level
In form and color it is like lepG -,
ing camel, while it's interior "''h -.
gray, weather beaten, almost p
pendicular cliffs. recalls the Co"se~
at Rome. Cverhanging the sou'n Nv
landing place stands column u , sich
closely resembling a sentinel "" n
has been dedicated to the mei'ioiy ,, A
Captain Cook. The water of the Zoo ,,'ing
is of a pale green hue. and a',s ,nicy
dipped into it becomes of a reu al.
color. The fumes of sulphur a''
ways plainly preceptible. ,aer.
On a fine moonlight night womb Tho
full sight is afforded to anyone me
will sit in an open boat in one u ,raa
lakes of the island. Covering an n,a,on
of fifty acres is an immense oa sorth
Kissing and snorting and send'ns a. all
volumes of poisonous steam "i' ,0nipd
chances of egress appear to DC ',;ffs~
by the steep, silent and gloomy
British Australian.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1908-10-13
FOR SNAKE BITE.
How Ranchman Treated a Wound
When Far From a Settlement.

Bitten by a rattleSnake in the calf of
the right leg in the Santa Ana Noun
tains last Saturday, John Mccormick, 4
rancher OF Grapeland. saved his life
by making an incsion with his pocket
knife and inserting a piece of the rep
tiles flesh in the wound. He bandaged
it tightly and walked seven hours be-
fore he could receive medical trcat-
ment. DR.. Summer J. Quint was called
from Los Angeles to attend Mccormick
When he arrived he found that his pa
ticnt was suffering from only a slight
poisoning He declares that McCor-
nick saved his life by his own treat
mcnt.
Mccormick was hunting through
scrub oak when he felt peculiar sting
in his leg He looked down and saw
the snake dragging on the ground as
he walked. Its fangs had become fas-
tened in his leggings and it was unable
to withdraw them.
With the but of his gun Mccormick
Knocked the snake off and then crushed
its head with his heel. AS quickly as
possible he ran into the open and car
ried the snake with him. When he
barred his leg he squeezed all the blood
he could out IF the two punctures
which the fangs had made. Then he
opened a cash, cutting through the two
wounds and letting out the blood and
poison. He cut a piece Of flesh out of
the snakes back and inserted it in the
wound. Mccormick used his handker-
chief for bandages and then tied his
les again Just above the knee to stop
the poison from working through his
system.
Mccormick was miles from any set
Element where he could secure medical
attention, so he started back ia Grape
land Ills leg pulsated with pain and
ne soon tecame deathly sick In his
weakened condition he was compelled
to rest on the road time and again.
When he finally reached home he was
almost exhausted and his leg was
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1908-10-13
MAKING DIAMONDS.
Now Nature Does It and Why Man
Cannot Do it.

All experiments, and they have been
! many, go to SHOW if not to- prove that
diamonds are formed by the slow cool
ing or disqualification of liqueted car
ron IN an environment of other fused
| material at intense heat under cnOr-
nous pressure.
TC obtain any effective approach to
tue heat of the interior of the earth
electric furnaces have been invented
which are capable of producing a tenn
rerature of $500 degrees centigra de !:
and vessels of such strength have been
made as to stand pressure OF so tons
To- the square inch To the non
Scientific nina these figures are prac-
tically inc6mprehensible. says the
Queen. and the vastness of the first set
can only be dimly imagined when one
remembers that in the centigrade reg
lister the boiling point of water is rep
resented by 100 degrees
As to the second figure. we can
vaguely illustrate it's meaning by com
pairing it with the pressure produced in
the underground laboratories of ma
ture, which is enough to shake a con-
tinent. while the mere excess of the
molten material, which is, as it were,
boiling over, is sufficient to devastate
whole districts and bury entire cities.
The third condition precedent to the
making of a diamond is slowness of
crystallization or, in other words.
length of time Sir William CrOOkes,
who has MADE diamonds, plunged his
white hot cr1cible into cold water,
with the result that any crystals pro-
duced generally exploded a short time
after being liberated from their
mat1ix, even if they did not do SO be-
fore.
If the scientist cannot wait long
enough for the cooling process, the
rogue In a hurry to get rich by de-
cciving people cannot afford to walt.
Hence there is no chance for a swind-
Ter achieving any real success, for he
could not afford to wait long enough
for The proper disqualification, even if
the other conditions were present
There are many tests for ascertain
ing the gcnuineness of a diamond some
simple and some more difficult of car
rying out, such as the use Of the
cathode rays. under the influence of
which paste does not glow as do the
real gems. But nature herself has i'm
posed condition and test which none
but the genuine stones can stand.
Her test is simply that of time. and
the proof Of fraud, which is at once
decisive and penal, to the artificially
made diamond. is simply self-destruc-
tion-it explodes and dissolves itself
into dust. We have seen that the gem
is produced under immense pressure.
but as the outside solidifies first and
carbon has the abnormal property of
expa 1ding instead of contracting on
solidification there is generally con-
dltion Of strain in the interior Of the |
crystal which sooner or later, but |
usually very soon, causes the stone to
explode. |
This occurs indeed not infrequently |
IL nature, when the gems have crystal |
liked under relatively rapid cooling and |
the diamond soon after it's removal |
from the envtloping matrix. the Sc
called Blue ground expiodes This
Is doubtless the case with the great |
Culllnan diamond, the largest vet dis
measuring by 2k and II
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1908-10-13

bowls containing weird foodstuffs,
pink, white and green; seaweed on rice
cakes: raw fish and namelesS yellow
Condiments: tea in microscopic cups, of
course. with no milk or sugar Tne
japanese cannot understand Europeans
putting mix in their tea, as. according
to them. it has strong smell The
children We're dressed and undressei
during the entr'actes. and people
smoked. slept. ate. talked and famed
themselves. 1t was certainly great
contrast to see Il little "musme,' such
as Pierre Lott describes. dantily
dressed in the gayest of kimonos aud
smartest Of obs. sitting between
COolie wearing nothing but a loose cot
ton jacket and an old-hag nursing
baby. Although it was true that most
of the men had little on, and the
thermometer was So degrees, the al
mosphere was not impossible. as am
sure would have been the case in
European theater under similar CIR
cumstances. The plays have usually
day. and sometimes two. TINS
particular one, not having an actress
such as Sadi Yacco to interpret it. was
quite uninteligible to me; but az
mired the grace of the actresses. theh
easy movements when dancing and lhe
way they managed their tight clothes
Imagine my surprise when | fcuno ou'
i,fterward that they We're all men, "
to a few years ago men and women ao
in,
cal companies being composed OF eh''
one sex or the other. But chansO
has come over them, and there @'
now mixed companies.-Lady f3n'
dolph Churchill, in the Century.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1908-10-13

Continued From Page ThirteenD
and a line from Winslow to Augusta
the problem from its direct and i'm
mediate advantage to the citizens of
Winslow. and they voted accordingly
The town of Winslow granted a
franchise to the Lewiston. Augusta Il
WaterNille st Ry.. and the City of
Waterville through its municipal
officers. took a similar action. the town
of Va ssalhoro having already done SO
That is the reason why the road
runs up the east side OF the river in
stead of the west side.
One difficulty is as vet unsettled.
and that is the one presented by the
bridge at Waterville. The engineer
who designed the bridge. now deceased.
left plans by which it was understood
that the bridge could be widened. and
an agreement was made between the
Lewiston. Augusta & Watcrvllle
officials on the one hand and the town
of Winsow and the city of Waterviile
OH the other. that the bridge should be
widened and strengthened in accord
ance with those plans. an agreement
being entered into as to the sharing of
the expense.
When the agreement got before the
State board CT railroad commissioners
that body decided that the plans were