davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1908-07-21
rNRULY CONVENTIONS.

Tbe Hon Champ Clark talks more like a
political idealist than like practical, up-to-
date politician when he condemns cur present
convention system and declares in favor of a
national convention in which not more fhan
TWENTY-FIVE hundred persons shall participate as
officials, delegates, guests and spectators MI.
Clark saws that the tumultuous and unruly
gatherings now in vogue do not encourage or
even allow .deiiberation." You can no more
deliberate In one of them, he declares, than
you can in a boiler factory"
The Missouri Representative ought TO know
something about the temper and manners OF
national conventions. He has seen many IN
action and was himself chosen TO preside over
the Democratic convention of 1904 HIS charge
that s5eljberation in the legislative sense is i'm
possible in a vast auditorium, with galleries
packed and the spectators subject TO no re-
straint but their own sweet VIII is not extraVa-
CANT Democratic national conventions are no
toriously more restless and uproarous than
similar Republican gatherings. The occupants
of the galleries generally attempt TO dominate
the proceedings and only a quick-witted and
aeile chairman with a ready sense of humor
can caioIe them into good behavior. Delibera-
ton is reduced TO its simplest terms, because
only five or ten men out or q hundred nave
the knack of getting hearing under such ad-
verse conditions and the Others are not toll
.rated ON the piatform by auditors determined
NOT merely TO be instructed, but to be inter
estaa Over nine-fenths of the members OF the
avernse national convention are thus aDso-
fnfelv barred from participating IN It's puDilc
deliberations.
Mr. Clark seems to think that the country can
return 10 the plan of smaller gatherings and
freer and fuller discussion on the convention
door. Yet the general trend of politics now
adays is against such a reversal. Natlohal con-
yentjons were formerly more deliberatiVe IN
character because they enjoyed far greater
measure Of autonomy and responsibility Inc
party leaders assembled and nominated cahdl-
dates chiefly Oh grounds of availability, uhe
nominees being often dark horses who Could
not by any possibility have been named on a
direct appeal TO the voters. The Wing party
was greatly addicted 10 the still hunt" method
of naming Presidential candidates and its con-
ventions were 0oted for political intrigue and
fine-spun calculations.
Since the breakdown of the spoils system and
the popularization of party power conventions
have come TO reflect more and more not the
calculations of the managers but the wishes
ef the rank and file. The habit of instructing
delegates has spread, so that in most con-
venfions nowadays three-fourths of the dele
Gates are hound In advance TO support can
dIdafe or another. They are not free agents,
INIT agents under pledges and the Will OF the
nsrty ID often 50 clearly determined before the
New-York tribune., 1908-07-21
COL. MITCHELL PRAISES PREsDEyE
Says His Recognition Of Mr.. Cevelands
Work Should Meet Universal Appreciatm

Colonel Cornelius b. Mitchell. president o. %
Tree Planting Association Of New York Ciey -
yesterday regarding President Roosevelcs uluu'
TO Grover Clevelands advocacy Of forest pfoo'"
ton IN changing the OF the San Jacfnte ~
tional forest. IN Southern California. to the c.
land national forest:
1T Is very fitting that some recognition sncae
be given 10 the great services which ex-Presao-
Cleveland rendered toward the restoration OK 'u.
forests and the preservation OF those wnicn WV
in danger OF being deforested-
President Cleveland was the first TO recosn-~
IN his official capacity the pressing need OF NAM
tanning forests for posterity. not only for the iu
Der which they may yield but also that tne
may aid In equalizing the climate ana fe's'"'
the moisture in the ground.
I'm changing the name Of the san Jacin"
tonaI forest to the Cleveland nationai &C.
President Roosevelt has done two things-Pa'
everlasting tribute TO the work OF one Of our -
statesmen and shown his belief that su1
work should be made national one. TO % eA4
on In broad and non-partisan way.
The act should. therefore. be appreciated
who have the interests and welfare OF A"e~
and Americans at heart"
New-York tribune., 1908-07-21
THE WAR ON LOAN SHARKS.

It Is an interesting experiment which the
Baltimore Ohio Railroad 1s about to make
In its endeavor to better the condition OF Its
employees The corporation has forbidden each
and every man on its payrolls to assign MS
wages to anybody, under penalty OF 1mmedlate
suspension or dismissal. 1t Is hoped that this
will drive away from the preserves that famil-
lar animal the loan shark, whose ravages. at
one time or another, have disturbed almost
every large employer in the land. The move
gains in significance by the report that the
Pennsylvania and the Reading will adopt the
same policy. II vigorously conducted, the test
will affect, directly and indirectly, nearly
stateful of people; and, If results are good,
it will bring into general use an equitable loan
system which has already been tried out on
small scale and found highly profitable to all
concerned.
The railway companies cannot reasonably
prevent their workers from visiting the usurer
unless small loans are procurable from other
sources. Although heartily despised even by
his most faithful and constant patrons. the
loan shark, under existing conditions, fills an
Inevitable niche in the Gallery Of Economic In
stitutions Laboring men frequently must have
ready money and it is an old story that thou
sands Of them have not $50 In ready cash between
themselves and hunger. The loan shark Is Writ
ually the only man to whom appeal can regu-
larly be made In emergency; accordingly, the
altrustic employer who tabooes him Is morally
obliged to see that his place will be filed by
a more lenient lender whenever workingman
is reduced to honorable need. Several prom
1nent manufacturers and department store
proprietors, moved to indignation by the loan
sharks outrageous extortion, have assumed his
functions. In various ways they have sue
ceeded in reducing the borrowers cost to little
more than ordinary interest rates, at the same
time clearing for themselves respectable
profit. The scheme pleases the employees and
incidentally improves shop discipline, by max
ing each mans record and reputation a meas
ure of his borrowing capacity. The railroads
will doubtless round out their fight against the
usurers by Initiating this benefcent system, II
not directly, then through the medium Of some
reputable society. Thus viii bo bound another
tie of friendship between employer and en-
DlOye
New-York tribune., 1908-07-21
CORPORATION CONTRIBUTIONS.

The constitutionarty OF the federal law for
bidding corporation contributions for political
purposes Is being questioned by some crlucs
on the ground that Congress has no power to
interfere with the election of state officers, ana
that Presidential electors are state omcers ana
state officers only. 1t seems to be held Dy unese
same critics that Senator'S and Representatives
are also to some extent state officers. Yet to
n large extent they are under the jurisdiction
of the federal power, and the federal Treasury
certainly pays their salaries. Each house of
Congress Is constituted Judge Of the Qualifca-
tions of it's own members, and under this
grant Of authority Congress can plainly set up
as qualification the requirement that no Sen
ator or Representative shall have the benefit
in his canvass for election of money contrib
uted by corporation.
If 1t is proper for Congress to prohibit the
use Of money contributed by corporations In
any election of Senators and Representatives,
that prohibition can be made effective only by
forbidding such contributions entirely In the
years in which Presidential and Congressional
elections are held. Money contributed to aid
any candidate on a party ticket aids all the
candidates on that ticket, and as the names OF
candidates for electors, Representatives In Con-
gress and state and local officers all appear on
one ballot under a party designation, money
given to aid that party must as matter OF
course help all its nominees. Congress, there
fore, Elm outlawing the giving Of money by cor
poratlons "in connection with any election" at
which Representatives are voted for. had in
directly to veto corporation contributions IN all
years except those in which no Representatives
or Senators are to be chosen. We believe the
contribution law will hold in the courts, and
are glad that the managers Of both parties have
chosen to consider it binding to its full extent.
The elimination Of corporation contributions is
q notable advance toward cleaner politics and
more effective government
New-York tribune., 1908-07-21
IN THE BERKsHIRES
rBy Telegraph TO The Tribunal

IBy Telegraph The Tribunal
IIenox, Mass, July 2o.-Mrs William Walton
Rutherfurd was hostess at a large whist party IN
the Curtis Hotel parlors this afternoon vas ons
OF the largest afternoon entertainments Of H.
month Following the play. tea was served. The
awards were made to Mrs. John A. Hadden H.
Mrs. George Fl. Morgan. Mrs. Frank K Sturss and
Mrs Henry Ives Cobb. Among those at the tabIs,
were Mrs. William Pollock, Mrs. John A. Hadden
jr, Mrs Charles Astor Bristed. Mrs Henry uv.
ingston Lee, Mrs. Frank K Sturgfs. Mss Anna b
Shaw. Miss Louise Gilmore Mrs. Frederick Bull
Miss Helen Parish. Mrs. NJ Dwigh. Collier. Miss
Ethel Brooks Mrs. Frederick Sturgts and Mra
Henry l. Cobb
Mr. and Mrs William B. Ossood Field haw
arrived at Elm Court TO spend some time with u.
and Mrs WIRiam d. Sloane
George Westinghouse. r.. will sail on "Wednesday
for Europe to meet his fancAe, who is abroad
Mr.. and Mrs Westinghouse departed Cor New Yors
to-day to their sail
Miss Helen Alexandra. who has been IN Newport
for a week. arrived at Spring Lawn tonight
Mr. and Mrs. Samuel Adams Clark. who have
been tho guests OF Mr.. and Mrs John E Alexan.
DIRE departed to-day for New York
Miss Mabel Choate will start tomorrow for Be-
Harbor-
William H. Taft the Republican noninss -
President has been invited to be guest OF o d
seavey at the Hotel Asp,nwan during August
Miss Nttie Lawrence Is a guest of Miss rrsns
Bigelow at Allen Winden.
Mrs. John 8. Barnes and Mrs. Giraut FoseO
were hostesses at luncheon this afternoon
Mrs. Thomas Shields Clark VIII entertain q
luncheon tomorrow at Fernbrook.
Mrs. John Patterson Duncan and Miss Amy Dun.
can who have been at the Hotel Aspdnwan have
departed for the White Mountains
Captain Gilbert P. Cotton departed to-day from
the Hotel AspinwalI for Manchester. W.
DR.. and Mrs. Arthur d. Beran. o. c. Barber, Ma
Leroy Fuller and W. A. Fuller, Of Chicago. recs'
tered at the Hotel Asplnwan tonight
Automobile arrivals in Lenox tonight tnotuds
Morgan H. Beach, Of Washington, and c. 4
Delano, n. G. Barclay, Edward Lovejoy and z H
Updike. of New York
Mr. and Mrs. George e. Turnure hsvs depase0
for Bar Harbor.
Those arriving tonight at the Red Xlon m. y
6tockbridge, include Congressman John q Hasdn9
Of Ohio; Walter Wanter and Judgo James p. H.
land of Morristown. Penn; Judse T. F. Bakef, q
Brookline, and Mrs. Frank r Livingston, Xr ene
Mrs. Clement Lea and j. z Lse, OF New YorH
New-York tribune., 1908-07-21
THE BALANCE OF TRADE.

The completed figures Of our foreign trade for
the fiscal year 19O7-iOS show the largest bal
ance in our favor ever recorded. That balance
is $685. 457 1O3, which exceeds by 100000 the
phenomenal margin of the fiscal year 19OO-'O1
1t is striking evidence Of the general sound
ness Of financial and Industrial conditions in
this country that In panic year we could
maintain our exports at top pressure and roll
up an unprecedented credit abroad, while re-
trenching III our imports and exercising other
necessary domestic economies. The rush Of our
products abroad in November, December, Janu-
ary and February made 1t easy to draw on
Europe for gold supplies to end the currency
famine, and that evidence Of our strength as
producing and exporting nation, together with
the amplitude Of the resources at the Treasury's
command, quickly dispelled the fears caused by
the hurried liquidation forced last year GER
tain interests which had Over-extended them
selves in speculation.
We were in no such fortunate condition in
2'93 when industry and commerce suffered
a somewhat similar reaction. In that year our
exports fell of from 81 ,O3O, 100000 to $S47 OOO
OOO while our imports increased from SS27,-
OOQGOO to $S66O0OOOO. 4 favorable balance Of
trade of S202,OO0OO0 was converted into bal
ance against us Of S1S,OOO,OOO. 1t was not until
1S96-'97 that exports rose again above the ST.
O00OOOOOO mark Now, however, exports have
declined only trife from $18S0OO0OOO to
81, $50, 100000. while imports have been cut
from s., ,434, 100000 to $1,194OOOOOO We re-
trenched heroicaly and successfully this time
and in six months have recovered fairly well
from the effects Of the October panic. Foreign
trade Will not remain at a standstill as 1t did
for four years after 1929. There are indica-
tions already that the check Of the October
panic has been overcome and that the new year
Will show development In harmony with that
OF the long array Of prosperous years since 1897
New-York tribune., 1908-07-21
NEW vosk SOCIETY.

~, p.~.na,d C. vsndsrbrt who were
the guests over the week end OF ~. eno ~
Henry Spies Kip 1t their place On Aone AssAn1'
have gone to Atlantic City for the horss sno"'
rh,c, ,r.ne thsre day From there Ar. Van
derblt VIII take his string Of horses 10 the Ions
Branch show, whore Alfred q. vanderbah. VINO u
duo from Europe to-day. viii also exn'os'-
NJ. w.,..r {, Oakunaa. who have been
.nendins the early summer ct their country homo
at Roslyn Long Island. Win saA to-oAy ioF Au1ope
70 spend the remainder Of the summer eo1o."'
Their daughters. Miss Helen and Mss AaIna1.ne
Oakman. will be at Southamptoo o"f'"s 'n' 80
abroad Of their parents.
Mr. and Mrs. Thomas Hitohcock jr.. left town
Yesterday for the Adirondacks to remain Until 'ne
end Of next month
Mr. and Mrs George J. Gould. who have arrived
.t Ia,yerns from Geneva in thsi rautomooiie. arc
booked to sail for homo on August IL
Mr. and Mrs Henry c. Csyder. Of East ID street.
and Mis- Edith Holns have gone to New London
Conn., to stay until the end Of tho season
Mr.. and Mrs J. Norman do r. Whitehouse. who
have been In Europe several months arc due TO
.rr,va in New York early In August They prooa-
bly WIN 10 to Newport for . short stay before tax
ing possession Of their country home a& Rosiyn.
Long Island.
NJ .ra Mr.. rovnsend Burden who have been
r.
making series of country house visits IN England
win return to London this week. to remain TOR
day or two before going on to Paris
Mrs j. P1erpont Morgan. r.. IL booked to SAL foE
ENGLAND on August s. She will be Joined there m
September BY Mr.. Morgan.
MI and Mrs. e. H. Weatherbee. who ara spend
ing the summer at their country place at Manar-
oneck N " left there yesterday for Spring LAKE,
N. J., to stay fortnight.
Mr. and Mrs Moses Taylor Pyne. who have osen
motoring through England and Scotland. have AZ
rived In London for . short stay
Mr. and Mrs Michael NJ. Van Beuren lett town
for Northeast Harbor Me-. whore they VIII speno
the remainder Of tho summer.
Mr. and Mrs Henry F. Din,ock. who have BEEN
occupying their country place At South coventry
Conn., whore they had Intended remaining Until the
fall have changed their plans and probably VIII
spend tho month of August at Bar Haroor
New-York tribune., 1908-07-21

convention meets that there b little left for II
to deliberate about There Is, therefore, no
CRYING need for deliberation Of the older sort
Convention manners. and methods follow tno
spirit of the times, and public sentiment wouio
hardly tolerate now the star chamber pan y.
naming candidates through real ccnclave OF
narty leaders. Presidential nominees are mace
today by the voters. and so long as the voters
have their way it will not greatly matter 10
them whether or not the conventions are con-
ducted with due respect to the etiquette wMch
rules In more august deiberative bodies
New-York tribune., 1908-07-21
NOTES FROM TUXEDO PARK.
fBy Telegraph to The Tribun.1

rBy Telegraph The Trbune1
Tuxedo Park. N Y, July 2o-The rnIdv,r
season at Tuxedo Is generally rather d,u ~.
number Of cottagers will remain during Jr,v -
August. Few Of the residents have as ye, ron. :.
the seashore. The cool weather has kept NO. "
those who arc scheduled to seek Newport ana -"
Harbor-
Mr. and Mrs Charles B. Alexander viii .o.,u -.
midsummer IN California and return early 4, e.
tember.
Mr.. and Mrs. Richard Delaneld will spend =
weeks abroad at York Harbor Me- ana Mr. -.
Mrs. R Fulton Cutting will go abroad
Mr.. and Mrs. T. wyman Porter Will 60 70 scr.
ampton, and Mr.. and Mrs. Frederic Foster Co.
will sojourn Manchester -by-the-Sea-
Others who Will be gone for August are Mr. -
Mrs. Alfred Seton. Mr.. and Mrs. Henry 8 ~
mond and Mr.. and Mrs Amory s. Carhart
Miss Edith Kane daughter of Mr. and Mrs c..
vile Kane. will spend the summer abroad ret,r,,
during The early autumn
Mr. and Mrs Bernard P. Steinman Will ., =.
New London for the midsummer, and Mr. and ~
Thomas Gerald Condor will go to Bar Harbor
Mrs. G. Collins who was at the Tuxedo crrs
Will spend the remainder of the summer a. D.,
Harbor. and Mr.. and Mrs Robert Emmett VIII !,
to Europe.
Tuxedo are Mr.. and Mrs. Herbert D. Robbins ".
and Mrs Joseph t. Tower, Mr.. and Mrs John .
Elliott Mr.. and Mrs. Henry w. Poor Mr. and ~
Theodore Frelnghuysen. Mr.. and Mrs. William a
Dfnsmore Mr.. and Mrs H. n Rogers, r.. Mr. and
Mrs. Schuyler N Warren, Mr. and Mrs. Co-nev,r.
s. Lee. Mr. and Mrs Eben Richards. Mr.. and Mr.
Schuyler Schieneln, Mr. and Mrs Newell TY.c,
Mr. and Mrs. Frederick NJ. Davies. Mr.. and Mr,
Charles E Sampson and Mr. and Mrs. Georsn
Grant Mason.
Mr.. and Mrs. Henry o. Havemeyer. tr VIII ds.
part for Newport tomorrow. returning 70 TsueAn
In the early fall.
The club championship at lawn tennis va, ul.v.a
last week on the courts of the Tuxedo Tennis .nA
Racquet Club, and was won by Clarence G. P.l
series OF golf matches will be IN progress IN
the golf links this month The club championships
tourney last month by c. s. Lee
New-York tribune., 1908-07-21
A DINNER At DORCHESTER HOUSE.

London July a-Whitelaw Reid. tho American
Ambassador and Mrs. Reid gave dinner at Dor
chester House tonight at which Princess Henry
OF Battenberg the principal guest. Among
others present were the Duke and Duchess OF
Wellington Mr. and Mrs. James Bryce. the Duke
Of Rutland Charlemagne Tower the former Ameri-
can Ambassador at Berlin, and Mrs Tower: Mr..
and Mrs Ogden Mills. Mr. and Mrs Walter Burns.
Mrs. ]. L. Hartman. Mr.. and Mrs. A j. Drexel
Richard Burden Haldane, Secretary for War: D.
O. Mills. Lord and Lady Middleton and d. c.
Metaxas the Greek Minister to the Court OF ST.
Jamess.
New-York tribune., 1908-07-21
MIssPELLsp NAMES OF PLAcEa

From The Rochester Democrat and Cnro"e =. =
name very difficult TO find CORRECTLY 'psssoSe 'ps.sSee
that OF the Lake Ontario port. Sackee .Sachsft
When II ia not ''Sacketf'S Harhor or A.
Harbor'' II Is commonly '.sacket's Hgbor., -
other. not frequently wrong. is Newo,r9as
city OF which name Is In the town OF Ne"" s~hlch
This brings up the problem OF .Pittsnurss An
It's citizens like well TO spe Pitissu = a. an he
other puzzler Is "floosick Falls. which, - Y-nieG
Hoosac River, In Rensselaer, County. Ine No.
States Geographical Board II the NlttnAs0 =
New-York tribune., 1908-07-21
M. FAL1IEREs AT COPENHAGEN.
French President Welcomed by King
Frederick and Princes.

Copenhagen. July O-President FalliereS Of
France accompanied by NJ. 4inchon. the French
Foreign Minister, arrived hero at o'clock this
afternoon aboard the French battleship Vertte,
escorted by squadron NJ Faleres his trip
in North will visit Sweden. Norway and Russia
The French President was welcomed by King
Frederick the royal princes. members Of the dipo-
matte corps and high state officials He entered .
carriage with the Danish King and driven to
the palace at Amalienborg.
New-York tribune., 1908-07-21
VERDI MONUMENT FOR PHILADELPHIA

Philadelphia. July GA monument to Verdi. the
composer which VIII be erected In Fairmount Park.
arrived here to-day board the steamship An
coma from Genoa. and enthusiastically well
coined BY committee representing the Italian
residents. The monument will be presented to the
city of Philadelphia by the Verdi Monument Asso-
ciation, through whose efforts ii created. The
sculptor OF the monument. Ettore FerrArt gave
his services free. and tho Italian steamship COM
New-York tribune., 1908-07-21

..may be properly fulfilled" The four states
for Costa Rica, 40 usual, holds aloof from inc
strtfe-are now on trial before the moral par
of tho world, to determine whether they VIII
fulfil the pledges which they 20 circumStan.lany
nei1hhOrS
New-York tribune., 1908-07-21

Berlin. July 2o-Count Hermann Hatzfeldt-
Wildenburg councillor Of the German Embassy
at Washington. will be transferred to the
post of councillor Of embassy at Constantnople,
being succeeded at Washington by Count Georzs
Won wedel. who is second secretary of tho
German Embassy at Rome.
New-York tribune., 1908-07-21
WILLIAM F. Villas STRICKEN.
Condition of Former Senator and Cao'ns'
Member Considered Critical.

Madison. Wis. July N.-Williarn f. shas ,,..e
United States Senator and member or f' -
Cleveland's Cabinet, suffered a hemorrhass T" =
brain to-day. and his condition Is conHo'' -
serious that relatives In Milwaukee "eo -
phoned 10 come at once. Mr. Villas wSs - ~
about O'Clock this morning. some time oe'o'~
usual time for arising.
Mr.. Villas Is seventy years old and nas Nv
retired life for several years
New-York tribune., 1908-07-21

plans again, for It was said In Newport to-
that he would not return to Newport axaip No.
sailing for England
Charles p. H. Gilbert and Charles b. Hilh..
returned to New York to-day.
M and Mrs. w. D. Otis. OF New York ars =. -.
LAforge cottage
New-York tribune., 1908-07-21
Nesp3lork DAILY Gribnare
TUESDAY, JULY u, 1903.

TIA. ne.ospuper Is osoned and pSohshed oS
ne Tribune Association, Ne1c YORK co7po4o-
tIo.: ONCE and principal place OF o~ssness'
,,r.n.re Ruildsno, No 154 NassGa street, Ne'c
York. Ogden Mills, president; Ndthon'ct I@t''e'
soc,etdry and treasurer. The address OF t"e
onscers is the Office of this newspaper.
New-York tribune., 1908-07-21

We desire to say that SO far neither THE
Charleston News and Courier nor "The Houston
Post has yet received sufficient amount Of
campaign contributions to carry Pennsylvania for
Bryan.-Houston Port
Possibly contributors in Texas and South Car
olina waiting to be assured that tho funds
to be used Il carrying Peonsyavania VIII N No
New-York tribune., 1908-07-21
MINISTER FOX GOING TO PANAMA.

Quito. Ecuador July 0.-william C. Fox. tho
American Minister to Ecuador, with his family left
this city to-day for 0uayaqun. where he Win board
Archer Harman's yacht. the Cavalier. bound for
Panama.
New-York tribune., 1908-07-21

If DR.. Daniel D. jackson can clearly prove his
hypothesis about the connection between the
birth rate OF flies and the death rate of infants
the Merchants Association will wage a still
more vigorous war against the citys nlthiest
winged pest.
New-York tribune., 1908-07-21

Mr. Bryan promises to improve conditions by
restoring the government to the ancient doc
trines" Is Oklahoma, after which the new
United States is to be patterned, so old as all
that?
New-York tribune., 1908-07-21

AMBASSADOR FRANCIS ON LEAVE.
Washington, July 20-Charles s. Francis. Ameri-
can Ambassador to Austria, left Vienna to-day FOR
the United States on leave of absence.
New-York tribune., 1908-07-21
EcuApoEs SECRETARY or FINANCE

GuayaQuil. Ecuador. July D.-rouas -
was appointed to-day Secretary Of Finsne~
cession to Beiisario Torres. resigned
New-York tribune., 1908-07-21

There IL some mystery about the cracks IN .ne
h-,cr n,er. OF the Philadelphia City Hail. How
does it happen that $so.ooo.ooo public build
ing in Pennsylvania has endured 50 many years
,ttnou+ developing the cracks? Can it be that
an honest contractor was accidentally let In!