Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1908-11-12
The Pathological
Injecting, Waterville.
CONTINUED from Page One.)

on the trunk, OF III the Sio@N Va
limbs.
The bark is sunken and turns a dark
brown, and may spread over the lifnos
causing the death Of the tree
This disease may start where the
bark has received an injury, either
mechanical or as a result of severe
cold.
Almost invariably some canker was
found associated with the winter m
iury. The area covered included
orchards in the following counties:
York Cumberland. Androscoggin,
Sagadahoc, Lincoln, Kennebec, Somer-
set. Penobscot and Hancock
The following treatment was recon-
rnended: remove all dead and dieing
branches, scrape off all decaylng or
diseased bark being sure to carefuily
clean up all infested canker spots
AS a precaution apply strong solu-
ton of copper sulphate and when dry
paint over the exposed surface with
good coat of white lead and OIL to be
renewed when the first is dry. This
will keep out the air to prevent
further decay.
In cases where this treatment has
been applied the effect upon the health
and vigor of the tree has been very
marked Associated with this treat
ment should be very judicious sys-
tenn of pruning so as not to, leave too
much top to tax the reduced energy
Of the tree. For example, if the bark
on one fourth of the trunk was dead
at least one fourth of the top would
need to be removed in order to restore
in part the equilibrium of the tree.
In renovating old orchards I would
remove all dead trees, root and
branch, cultivate and fertiiiZe Tor
two or three years and refill with
young trees.
Of course if only a few trees re-
main to the acre, it might be best to
clean up and start anew in different
location If so per cent of the trees
have to be removed it would be a good
investment to give the rest first class
care, providing the remaining trees
are healthy. A very low estimate for
the value of a healthy. vigorous tree
OF a good commercial variety ~ TO Az
years old would be $50 each. With ~
trees left to the acre their value would
be s4OO 1t would hardly be worth
while to remove these and start over
This value may seem to be eXces-
sive but one has only to estimate a
tree in value at what it will pay at
per cent interest Let us for moment
consider the actual expense per acre
of keeping an orchard in an up-to-
date condition. We will assume thai
the trees are set two rods apart anC
are good sized and in vigorous con-
dtion The annual expense we VII
estimate as follows:
COST.
rIti,..I,;. - 5.N
80 ;r;..r ...,., 6.N
.,rn,,imu ...... 60
Inp'.idamt,,a 30
RECEIPTS. ,,,.
80 bbs. at s1oo net .::......,..; -. w Iroet
Receipts $3.50 less cost 825l =. $50 tProht
on 40 trees, or at sc would give the value
of a tree at about s23 or 1920 per acre
Now for the conditions: Accept the
Inevitable. be optimistic haVihs
faith in the future. Plan for bette
orchards and see that such plans are
carried out in the near future
Amply all the remedies that are effec
tive and believe that Eternal Flsi
lance is the price OF success IL
orchard management.
Following Prof. Hitchings. Prof. W
l.. Hurd of the University of Main'
read an interesting paper Untitled. "Or
chard Cultivation"
After Prof. Hurd's article genera
discussion cnsued upon the two paper
rendered and much time was con
sumed in this valuable manner.
Prof w. j. Morse of the Univcrslt.
IF ha most
teresting papers of the meeting OF
"Mane orchard Diseases in 19os. H'
said: d t&R1
"Mairs Orchard Diseases in 19O8.'
During the past summer the patho
logists of the Maine Experiment Sta
ton have given considerable attent'oi
to the distribution and occurrence o
fungous diseases of Maine orchards
The evidence thus secured Indicate
that while there is need for ln*estiea
tion along the lines of orchard pathol
ogy in this State. there is muc'
greater need. just at present, 1or NOR
intelligent application by the 1rul
growers of the knowledge already a
hand. More extensive use OF fordeau
mixture for spraying the trees wa
strongly auNOCdtcu -NNtShs'C'i
called to the fact that through spray
ing yearly. immediate removal OF de
caycd and diseased fruit. the PRUNING
out of all dead and dccaying branches
limb cankcrs etc, and the burning
these along with any accumulate
rubbish in the orchard VIII very e'
ficiently control our worst 1ungou
diseases of the orchard
Spray injury. or Bordeaux lnJur!
NAV occur with some varieties but
never equals the annual loss from az
ple scab alone. Practical suggestion
were given as to how spray lnJur
can be avoided.
The apple diseases discussed ar
caused by fungi Fungi are 10y
forms of plant life without green col
oring matter and made ur of nth
threads or tubes which penetrate tn
substance upon which they are grow
ing and draw their nourishnient there
from. Instead of forming seeds inc
reproduce by means of minute oouie
called spores. These spores are olte
formed in special sporc bearing OF