The National tribune., 1908-02-20

but the enterprise was not successful,
and all but PiZarro and 13 followers
returned to Spain. Pizarro, after spend
ing several months on a small island,
without stores, persisted in his original
plan, and finally, after enduring fearful
hardships, reached the coast of Peru
in the following year, 1927. With this
certain knowledge he returned to Spain.
and after some delay the famous capitu-
lation with the crown for the conquest
of Peru was executed, PiZarro being
made Governor and CaptainG General of
the Province of New CASTLE, invested
with the authority and prerogatives OF
a Viceroy. He set sail once more for
the new country, and landed in TumbeZ
in 1880, got possession by foul play OF
the sacred person of the ruling Inca,
put him to death, and marched with
his troops to the Capital, Cuzco, which
he seized with all its accumulated
wealth. He then marched with his
troops all over the country, finally SUBJ
DUNG the whole empire to the rule
of Spain. In 1885 he founded the city
of Lima, the seat Of the new Govern
ment, where he established himself as
Governor, in the name of Spain. over
the whole empire of the Incas.
Historic Old Linn.
Few cities of this continent possess
the historical interest of the old vice.
regal, luxurious, bigoted and corrupt
Capital OF Peru, at one time the richest
and most important of all the Kingdom
of Spain in the New World, and which
Cor many years had no rival in popu-
| iation, wealth or importance. PiZarro
called il the city of the Kings" which
became at once the seat of the haughti-
est as well as the most luxurious and
profiigate of the vice-regal courts. Its
Viceroys ruled with almost independent
sway. Here was the seat OF the most
important ecclesiastic dependency OF
the Church of Rome in America. The
Ifnguisition was active and powerful in
| Lima long after il had passed away
| in Madrid. It's churches and converts
were as magnificent as those of Europe
and were endowed with almost fabulous
wealth. The oldest university in Amer
lea was founded in Lima in 1851, 69
years before the Mayflower landed the
Pilgrim Fathers on the rocky shores OF
Plymouth.
Here, in 1851, the Viccroy. La Palata,
rode thru the streets of Lima on a horse
whose name was strung with pearls,
whose shoes were of gold, over a pave
ment of solid ingOts of silver. Here,
too, gathered the richly-Iaden galleons
of the East, with their cargoes of silks
and spices from the Philippines and
tabled Cathay, while at a little distance
out in the harbor lowered Englands
seahawks, ready to snatch from the
treasure ships of Manila the rich booty
which Elizabeth did not disdain to share
with those buccaneers of the South Sea
and the so-caiied Spanish Main. It was
here in Lima that PiZarro finally met
his tragic death at the hands Of the
men OF Chile, and here his bones re-
pose. Here. too, was born and died
Santa Rosa" the only American wo-
man who ever attained the honor and
distinction Of canonization.
Peruvian Independence.
| In 1921, under the Argentine General
San Martin, the Peruvians threw of
the yoke of Spain, and a republican
Government was established. For 1t
years, from 1929 to 1874, Peru was
slowly and painfully fitting herself fol
independence. During this time Of
storm and stress three men won a prom
inent place in their country's history
These were Gems. Gamarra, Salayerry
and Santa Cruz. The first, who was
inclined to disregard constitutional
usages and to make his own will the
law, had q large following, who loved
him in spite Of his faults. for they knew