davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The diamond drill. (Crystal Falls, Iron County, Mich.) 1887-1996, 1908-02-22
TWO MINUTE SKETCHES
Henry Wadswonh Longfellow.
Ripe scholar
and poet Of hs
people.
By RoBERrvS Love.

II ONGFELLOW has been called by
critic "the poet OF the com
monplAce." Some friends OF the
beloved American poet have re-
scented this characterization. but others
have accepted II with thanks 10 the
critic These latter hold that II b
glory enough for poet TO giorify the
commonplace. To see anG express the
beauty OF simple things. as Longfellow
has dsne.
Harry wadsworeh Longfelow was
ripe scholar. Ola Of tho best educated
men OF his time. lie was reader u
many litoretures IN many languages.
Much or hk work consists OF tSansla-
tions fron other tongues. the poet put
ting into simple and lucid English
verse the thoughts OF other men. but
introducing also much OF the person
atty OF the translator. By far the
larger bulk OF his writings Is original.
and much OF this work Is distinctlveiy
OF American flavor and insplrat ton.
Longfellow In "Hiawatha" produced
the first great American poem OF epic
length and treatment. In this work
the poet brought the neglected and do
spised American Indian for the first
time Into poetic literature. lie per
ceived and gave expression 20 the 70
nance OF the aborfgine.
But II Is by his briefer poems. the
lyrical pieces. that Longfellow Is best
known TO the great mass OF the people.
"The Psalm OF Life" has passed into
current speech. The Children's Hour"
The Bridge" ''rho Arsenal az Spring
field' and score OF lyrics In simple
and tender strain have become a part
OF the life OF English speaking people
everywhere. In the sonnet, one OF the
most artistic forms Of poetic express
sion. Longfellow stlll stands unsur-
passed I'm American literature.
other poets have arisen In America.
some few OF whom have shown a high
or genius IN creative work. but Long
fellow. the kindly old Harvard profess
or, the poet of "Thc Village Black.
smith," remains. when nll IL said and
done. the most widely popular o.
American pnets. not only Oh this side
OF the Atlantic. bpt across the sen as
we'll. Longfellow was the peoples poet
because he wrote 50 lucidly that the
people could understand aud nppre.
ciate. because be made the common.
place poetic.
The diamond drill. (Crystal Falls, Iron County, Mich.) 1887-1996, 1908-02-22
TWO MINUTE sketches
Frederick Douglass.
NJ RoBERrvs LOVE.

HE first American negro who
achieved wide fame was
Frederick Douglass Born a
slave nj place In Maryland
bearing the odd name OF Tuckahoe, the
name first conferred upon him was
Frederick Augustus Washington Bal.
ley. truly an abundance for a picka-
ninny with apparently no prospects IN
life other than those OF a bondman
serving master. But Frederick Au-
gustus Washington was different from
the ordinary pickaninny. Nature had
conferred upon him large head con
tanning gray matter which could not
be kept behind In LIES race by the
handicap OF a dark skin. When Fred
erick was small boy he was sent to
baltimore 10 work In a shlpyard
There he managed to get a little
schooling.
Not always is little learning dan
gerous thing. though I'm Frederick's
case Il did prove dangerous to his own
er from commercial point OF view
Healthy. betty slaves In those days
WGIG WViAh iuhklcI VI tnOuSdnu DOL
lars apiece Tho little book learning
acquired by tho slave boy put into his
head the determination 10 become free.
He escaped In the disguise OF a sailor
and made his way to Massachusetts.
where he read and studied TO such adj
vantage that when he reached tho age
OF twenty-four he was able TO deliver
"a lecture at an antislavery convention
In Nantucket which brought him an In
vitation 10 go TO England and deliver
lectures ON the slavery problem In
America. He had changed his name
to Douglass when he ran away.
In England Douglass raised $3.50.
with which he formally purchased his
freedom from his southern owner
Then he settled In Rochester, N. Y.
and became widely known as Jour
nalist and orator. His paper. tho North
Star. later changed IN title to Frederick
Douglass Paper. pleaded for many
years the cause OF the slave. Doug
lass had three sons In the Union ar
mics. He was presidential elector In
1872. United States marshal and re-
corder OF deeds successfully from 1876
TO 1886 and became minister 20 Haiti
In 1901
The diamond drill. (Crystal Falls, Iron County, Mich.) 1887-1996, 1908-02-22
TWO MINUTE SKETCHES
StOnewaIl Jackson.
b. RoBERrUs LOVE.
Head. heart
and ssni iVers
in hsfghf.

HOUGH his baptismal name was
Thomas Jonathan Jackson. the
great southern general Will be
known In history always as
Stonewall Jackson. In fact, this so
briquet bestowed upon the Confederate
warrior through General Bees remark
at tho FIRST battle OF Bull Run. or Ma
nassas. There stands Jackson like a
stone wall" became so intimately iden-
titled with Jackson's name even before
his untimely death In the very midst
OF the war that II camo TO be printed
without quotation marks.
Stonewall Jackson always stood like
a stone wall for whatever he believed
TO be right A native virginian- he be-
lieved that Virginia and the south had
the highest warrant for seeding from
the Union. Jackson believed that Sc
cession under the circumstances at
tending the struggle was ordained OF
God. To him the Confederate cause
was always a sacred cause, and to him
the war was a religious war. He was
a modern crusader. Not only his head
uhu hchAts Dut uA5 boui WIS Al TIC
fight.
Jackson opened every battle with
prayer. Daily and nightly be prayed
In his tent. and every man under his
command. no matter how irreligious.
felt the spiritual uplift OF his prayers.
But Jackson fought as well as he
prayed. He was a military genius.
Historians north and south. American
and European. have characterized him
as one Of tho very ablest generals on
either side OF the conflict But for his
death when tho war had still two years
to run Stonewall Jackson might have
come out OF the struggle as The fore
most military genius OF the civi, war
General Lees estimate OF his chief
lieutenant In tho earlier Virginia cam
paigns expresses his own measure OF
the man. when Lee learned that Jack
sons left arm had been amputated aft
er being wounded by his own men
through thar pathetIc error at Chancel-
louisville. a wound which resulted IA.
tally little later. the commander ex.
claimed:
General Jackson has lost his left
arm; have lost my right ARM
The diamond drill. (Crystal Falls, Iron County, Mich.) 1887-1996, 1908-02-22
TWO MINUTE SKETCHES.
Giuseppe GaribaIdi.
NJ xoBERTvs LOVE-.
4 fibnstsrbr
hs good Of his
country.

- AiiIRALDl was always fili-
buster. but be flibustered not
M In quest OF loot or personal
power. but for the good OF bis
own country. That Italy is today
strong. united nation rather than
group OF petty prlncipallties or depend
encies OF other powers is due In very
large measure 10 the Unborn filibuster-
Ing propensity OF Giuseppe Garibaldi
Here was man with mission. and
he could not be kept down. For half a
century his soul was conferred upon the
unihcation and liberation OF Italy. and
for the greater part OF that period he
was fighting for his cause.
California grows n flower named the
garibaldi because II is red. The fol-
lowers OF Garibaldi wore red as their
distinctive color OF garb. THE Carl
baldian red shirt. famous In history.
stood for united Italy. II was the red
badge OF liberty through unihcation.
Garibaldl. who was a sailors SON and
given TO rowing. became identified ear
iy In life with MazzIni and other zealots
methods of Garibaldi were not those OF
Mazzini. who was unable TO compro-
mise by accepting unification OF the
Italian states under a monarch. so in
sistent was he for republican govern
ment Garibaldi also was n republican,
but he was willing TO accept q benevo-
lent monarchy as n means 10 an end
the protection and development OF the
Italian people.
Condemned TO death for his part in
the earlier uprisings. Garibaldi escaped
10 France and thence TO South Ameri-
ca. where he presently found oppor-
tunity TO continue his career as a war
rior in opposition TO tyranny. He
fought for the new republic OF Uru-
quay against the usurpation OF the Ar
gentine dictator Then be made his
way 10 the United States. an exile from
home. earning his living as maker OF
candles and declining the honor OF a
demonstration such as the Americans
gave Kossuth. the Hungarian patriot.
Back to Italy went Garibaldi when
the time was ripe. raising band after
band OF followers. conquering the Nea-
politan provinces In the cause Of unifi-
cation and finally. absolute master OF
Naples. rellnquishlng voluntarily to
King Victor Emmanuel his own SOW
ereignty for the good OF Italy. There.
indeed. was a patriot with no price tag
attached 10 his red shirt
The diamond drill. (Crystal Falls, Iron County, Mich.) 1887-1996, 1908-02-22
TWO MINUTE SKETCHES
Stephen A. Douglas.
Tie OaJ a giaHf
IN intellect.

" VERY early In his career Stephen
~ A. Douglas became known
VI throughout the country az "the
Little Giant" The sobriquet was
at one. Physically he wss short and
slight-a little man Mentally he was
big from his boy His head was
large and correspondlngly brsiny. lie
was a giant IN intellect
Douglas was daringly ambitious. His
goal was the presidency OF tho United
States. As a schoolboy In Vermont and
western Nsw York the familiar para
doficsl fact that amy American boy
can become president seems TO have
taken possession OF hfu lie settled In
a new state, Illinois. TO grow up with
the country and work himself into Load
ership. Though he failed OF tho pres
idency, he was in the whlteJt heat OF
the presidential llmelight for years.
Perhaps no man In American history
rose TO national emEence 50 rapidly
as did Douglas. lie almost wos a
nomination for congress ut the age OF
twenty-five. Only three years later
he was a member Of the supreme
court OF Illinois. pcsigning this Office
at the age OF thirty 10 enter congress.
In the lower house Douglas became at
once a national figure. Entering the
senate a few years later. his fame
widened and decpened with each sue
ceedIng year. Douglas was a far more
prominent man In 1852 than was
Franklin Pierce. who defeated him for
the Democratic nomination for pres.
ldent and was elected. Douglas was
still under forty. -Four years later the
engrossing slavery problem had 80
divided his party that again he failed
to win the nomination. In 1860 he
was nominated by the northern sec
ton OF the Democracy.
II was his espousal OF the doctrine
OF "squatter sovereignty" which con
tended that evcryierritory should be
permitted TO votdNfor itself on the
question OF slavery. that cost Douglas
the presidency.
Douglas died az the early age If
forty a few months after the IN
augurntion OF his greatest opponent,
Abraham Lincoln. IL is TO his ever.
tasting credit that he upheld Lincoln
In the effort 10 preserve the republic.
This fact may be taken a. the moral
measure OF the man His last words
10 his political adherents were;
There can he no neutrals In this
war"
The diamond drill. (Crystal Falls, Iron County, Mich.) 1887-1996, 1908-02-22
TWO MINUTE SKETCHES
Heudrick Hudson.
NJ RoBERrUS LOVE.

IA YHEN "A year or so ago a steam
INV boat for traffic on the Hud-
Wv son river was launched with
the name HendrIck Hudson.
somebody demonstrated. holding that
the name or the vessel should be
Henry Hudson. because that was Hud-
sons real name. Nevertheless II seems
fitting that the boat be named Hen
drick instead OF Henry. for Il was
while In the service OF the Dutch East
india company that the English nayl-
gator discovered the great river which
bears his name. Moreover his own
country was so jealous OF his prowess
as discoverer for another nation that
on his return TO the old world Hudson
was practically impressed into the
British service aud was not permitted
TO enjoy his full reward for the sue
cesses achieved by him when he voy-
aged under the Dutch name OF Hen
drick.
Hudson persisted. miserably In the
service OF British interests. This was
when no made his disastrous voyage in
search OF that long hidden northwest
passage which lured so many mariners
10 defeat or doom and which was final
ly discovered by Captain Roald Amund-
sen nearly three centuries after Hud-
sons death. Hudson sailed into the
vast northern bay which. along with
the gloriously picturesque river. keeps
his name on the map OF the world.
There was mutiny aboard. and the
mariners set the great navigator adrift
In a small boat In the icy waters with
his son and few other adherents.
The fate OF Hudson and his party is
still a mystery OF the frozen north.
For the people OF the United States
Hudson's chief achievement was the
discovery OF the wonderful river at
the mouth OF which has grown up the
second city OF the world In population
and the flrst in commercial impor-
tnnce.
Hendrick Hudson sailed northward
around Sandy Hook and entered the
river In September. 1900, In the Dutch
ship Half Moon. The explorer spent
a month studying the stream. going up
as far as the site OF the city OF Albany.
The diamond drill. (Crystal Falls, Iron County, Mich.) 1887-1996, 1908-02-22
TWO MINUTE SKETCHES
Patrick Henry.
GiVs me lib
evfy or giVs me
death !"

~ ATRICK HENRY Is the patron
- saint OF the American school.
boy He mado two speeches,
each containing single sen
teucs sufficient to immortalizo any or
ator. Give me liberty or giyo me
dcattf- These seven simple words still
thrill the breasts or lovers OF freedom
throughout the world. Caesar had his
Brutus. Charles the First his Crom-
well snd George the Third Urea
sonl Treason cry tho royaltst dole
gates In horror And George tha
Third" concludes Patrick Henry scorn-
fully, may profit by their example. II
that DO treason, make the most Of III"
ny those two speeches. which ncrved
the coionists 10 stronger protest against
British misrule. IL Patrick Henry best
remembered. but there was much more
In this provincial virginian than mere
forensic fervor. Henry proved his
words by his deeds. AS soldier. as leg
lslator. as governor OF Virginia and In
all capacities TO which he was called
he showed metal that rang true.
Yet Patrick Henry as a boy and
youth was considered a ne'er-do-welL
lie was n red headed. slouchy. ungain-
ly youngster. caring little for school
and much for boyish adventures In
wonderland. He failed In three or four
business enterprises. including farming
and storekecplng. and. though mar
ried man. was desperately poor.
Some years before he reached thirty,
however. Patrick Henry perked up and
astonished the Virginia natives. He
studied law about n month and man
aged 10 obtain admission TO the bar.
In n surprisingly brief time he was a
leader In his profession.
Perhaps the most remarkable thing
about Patrick Henry was his ability
as dccllner Of Office in his later
years. lie declined a seat In the Unit.
ed States senate: he declined Washing.
toms Invitation 10 become secretary Of
state; he declined the appointment 20.
the chief justiccshlp OF the supreme
court of the United states; be declined
another election 70 the governorship OF
Virginia, though he did submit TO cleo
tion 10 the house OF delegates. but died
before taking bis seat
The diamond drill. (Crystal Falls, Iron County, Mich.) 1887-1996, 1908-02-22

Mr.. Mitchell There has been no open
hostility between the two men, Their
personal relations have been harmo-
NOUS. but they frequently disagreed as
To policies.
A well known writer on labor TOPICS.
discussing the temperaments OF the
two men. said: THE trades unionism
OF Lewis Is OF more militant charac-
ter than that of Mitchell. Lewis h es-
sentIally fighter. The occasional
warlike declarations emanatlng from
the official board OF the Mine Workers
during the recent years have In a
great measure been due to his infiu-
ence."
Mr. Lewis Is said TO be a man OF ex-
ceptlonal capacity and thoroughly ia
miilar with the labor movement
The diamond drill. (Crystal Falls, Iron County, Mich.) 1887-1996, 1908-02-22
mo MINUTE SKETCHES
Alexander Hamilton
By RoBERTvS LOVE.
lie served as a
balance Dheei
in The building
of the Ameri-
can machine.

n row that the people OF the Unit
mi ed States are In the throes Of
III Y a renewed discussion Of cen.
tralization OF power" as opposed
70 local state authority II In ittlnx 10
recall the man who In the formative
period Of our nation advocated more
urgently and persistently than any 9th.
er strongly centralized federal gov
ernment with corrsspondingly lesser
authority for the indiv idual states
This man was Alexander Hamilton.
He stood for theories OF government
which, In the opinions OF many per
sons Of his dag and this. tended TO
ward monarchical rather than repub
lican institutions.
Hamilton IN the constitutional con
Sention OF 1871 proposed an independ.
int excessive TO hold otiico for life or
luring good behavior, a senate whose
members were 10 have like tenure
N knce, governors OF states 20 be ap-
siolyed by the federal executive. thus
baking the states essentially subor-
Innate to the central government In
HUNt llHtu hiOtN tAhNAAAAt th'A 49,
nesent constitution requires.
Yet Hamilton vigorously supported
ne constitution as adopted by the con
BENTON. In washington's cabinet be
Ihcame the first secretary OF the treas
nv. and his services In that highly
Important post were OF supreme value
d the nation. His efficient and patri.
| aic work In shaping the financial poll
I cles OF the new nation gives him a Sc
l ure place high among the founders or
4 ne republic. Though for the most
! part his intensely federal IDEAS have
not sbeen adopted INTO our national
fa though he dlstrusted the com.
II beople and believed In a govern.
Inert by the aristocracy rather than BY
b. democracy. many OF his theories
Twre shared and accepted hy Ills con:
lirees. Hamilton. II may 30 said. serv.
iMns balance wheel In the building
IM ne American machine. preventing
latonsiructlon tending too far toward
Ipnc democracy IN time when re
lNilc was still nn experiment
J namilton's conception Of patriotic
lahh prompted him to accept the chal-
ltarc Of Aaron Burr TO the fatal duel
ll.Nechawken. Hamilton abhorred the
dua code OF honor. but felt that re-
.tu,l ito meet Burr would Impair MS
tsbIh usefulness 70 his country.
The diamond drill. (Crystal Falls, Iron County, Mich.) 1887-1996, 1908-02-22
TWO MINUTE SKETCHES
James Watt.

vt was George Stephenson who. OBJ
serving the lifting OF teakotties
Il lid by the kissing and bubbling
- within. conceived and created the
first crude steam engine. but II waa
James Watt who OWNED the immense
possibilities OF steam a. a motive force
and adapted the engine TO practical
useaL So many and 20 important were
the improvements added by Watt that
he shares honors with the inventor of
the original engine. Watt perfected
the steam engine. adapting 1t TO gen
eral industrial service. He took an
embryotic continuance and developed
II practically TO finished creation.
This Scotchman was an instrument
maker by trade. Employed In that ca
pacity for the University OF Glasgow.
he took advantage OF his association
with the professors to increase his sci.
entific knowledge. In the laboratory
was a little steam engine vast I'm pos
sibIlitIes. but little more than a play,
thing when Watt began to tinker with
II. His first great Improvement In the
engine was the Invention Of the indie
pendent steam condenser. which con.
served much OF the power that was
lost In the original machine. Watt also
invented the centrifugal governor. the
water gauge, the mercury steam gauge
and many other features. leaving the
steam engine In It's essential construc.
ton very much as II stands today,
Watt worked ut his task with unfag.
cling zeal. lie made the Improvement
OF the steam motor his life's work.
From 1859 TO liza he was almost con-
stantly engaged Ia perfccting the mech
anlsfn OF the engine. IL Ii said that
republics are ungrntcful. This cannot
be SAID OF the kingdom of Great Brit
ain I'm the case Of james Watt. FOR the
government extended the Watt pat.
enta beyond the prescribed term OF
years In recognition OF the long period
AZ time which the tirclcss inventor dc.
voted TO his work OF improvement and
adaptation.
The diamond drill. (Crystal Falls, Iron County, Mich.) 1887-1996, 1908-02-22

The election OF Thomas l. Lewis to
succeed John Mitchell as president OF
the United Mine Workers OF Amerfca
may presage change IN the policy OF
that organization For several years
Mr., Lewis has been Vice president OF
the union and In close touch with the
membership.
II Is said that President Elect Lewis
has for some years been the head AMI
front Of the opposition In the union 10
The diamond drill. (Crystal Falls, Iron County, Mich.) 1887-1996, 1908-02-22
plrs.tor Of saae Fund.

John NJ Glenn, chief officer OF tho
Russell Sage foundation. has an aD-
nual income OF 100000 az bis dig
posa for Humanitarian purposes. The
object OF the institution is the i'm
provcment OF social and living condi-
tions. AMI Il has been endowed by Mrs
Russell Sage with SlO.000OOO
The foundation. which has headauar
tiers IN New York does not attempt 20
The Farmington times. (Farmington, St. Francois County, Mo.) 1905-1926, 1908-11-27
NBDII HNrzIDS CNRRTHoE

n fight to settle Europe's little argument of who's 10
get the Turk
However TO date these conditions had become OK
serious character but the longing 10 possess lurk
ish lands still fingered in the breasts OF the war dogs oi
the old hemisphere So II natural that with tm
revolt Young Turks gaining sway throughout the
interior the sultan should danger from afar HAD
the Young Turks overcome the empire 1t would ma"
been but the work Of few weeks before the collections
of the great powers would have been made by taking
lands suitable to their purposes, war authorllei
declare So his royal hghness capitulaed lie granted
the same constitution which had appeased the people
during the struggle of 1876, but which he later tooA
away.
Abdul Hamld felt that he could ward of danger from
without or within but he could not hold his own with
struggle going both without and within so he ap
piled the easing process where he had power to do So
Since the conclusion Of the treaty of Berlin which ter
minated the wars of lS7G.77 the French invasion
of Ts in 1881 the treaty with Greece, the same yeai
by which Turkey coded to the former country the whole
Of Thessaly and strip of Eprus; the occupation OF
Egypt by Great Britain in 1882; and the revolution at
PhilppOpois in 1885, when the government of Eastern
Roumea overthrow and the union of that country
with Bulgaria effected The results of that revolu
ton in 1886 recognized by imperial hrmn. The
last which attracted world wide notice the
granting of the constitution this year,