Lincoln County leader. [volume] (Toledo, Lincoln County, Or.) 1893-1987, 1908-03-06
SCENES IN EUROPE.
President of Washington State School
Tells His Experiences.

folloWlng Is the address delivered by
President Z. A. Bryan, of the state COL
lege, to the wheatgrowers of Washing
ton at their recent meeting in Pullman,
in which he recited various observa-
tions he had made during his recently
completed trip abroad:
''The one thing that impressed me
while in Europe was the fact that we
Americans do not fully realize the
greatness OF our own land, and it's op-
portunities, and the greatness and op-
portunities Of our own people as COM
pared with our brethen in Europe. The
opportunity for the average man is so
much greater that we can hardly con-
ceive the difference. In Europe q man
is torn in class from where he cannot
escape, and he accordingly fits himself
for that classs. There is stratihcation
after strati6cation, and it is practically
impossible for an individual to pass
from class to class; and think that the
freedom of the American people is one
OF the greatest things which we have
here.
SIN Italy the poverty and distress
were very interesting, although it ex-
cited the greatest pity. 1t seemed as
if there were no end of beggars. They
begged in almost every way imagina-
BILE. Whole families could be seen
begging together by means Of musical
instruments. In one case l noticed a
woman holding an umbrella upside
down to catch the coppers, while the
father played the guitar, and the child
rem each played some sort of musical
instrument, and all were begging. Sew
eral husky looking fellows dived into
the sea to get coppers worth about a
half cent, and begged the people to
throw the coppers in. 1t seemed as if
one-half OF the population lived off the
ether half.
II was very much interested in the
horses. The average horse in Paris for
the heavy draft work is a very good an
imal indeed. There were great num-
bers Of magnificent stations that would
have sold in this market for from two
Thousand to three thousand dollars,
and they were all Of very high type.
One thing that impressed me both in
London and Paris was that the average
coach horse was much larger fellow
than we have been accustomed to see
for that work. 1 think that we people
here in America should look toward
breeding larger animal that we have
in the past, and unless we watch our
selves, we will be inclined to breed
down. In Naples there were many cab
horses, and about ninety per cent of the
cab horses driven we're stations. One
thing that was very interesting to me
was that they do not use the bit. They
use an instrument that fits over the
nose, and above the nostril is apiece
which extends out about three inches,
and when pulling horse to stop, they
pull on the nose.
I'm going up the Tiber river north
OF Rome, almost every wagon that
met was being drawn by oxen, either
by tandem, or with yoke. The oxen
were all very strong fellows, quite
large, well built, and had huge horns
rising above their heads. There did
not seem to be the beef type of cattle,
nor was there any milk type. l sup.
pose their cows, we're, Of course, used
for milking purposes, but they were
not apparently bred to either type, but
rather to the OK type.
THE poorer class of Italians do not
know what it is to have meat in any
quantity. The aver .ge man is. too poor
to be able to buy beef, as they would
have to pay not less than twenty-five
cents pound for it. Kids are used for
flesh there great deal. The swine
there were very large, and rather more
of the type Of the bacon hog than like
our Berkshires or Poland Chinas. They
use goats milk great deal, and es-
pecially in Naples. In the morning
you would see women and men driving
goats around from place to place, as
the customer has the privilege of hav-
ing the operation of milking performed
in his presence. The goat selected is
and in many cases you will see
a goat being taken up in an elevator, or
up a stairway, wherever the customer
may be, and then MIXED in his pres
ence.
"In Italy the tillage is Of very in
tensified kind. There, many of the
Italians have their own vegetable gar
len, and raise their own vegetables.
Here we pay twelve or fifteen cents
head for cauliflower, and in Italy you
IAN buy dozen heads of caulihower
'or six cents, and that will make it
clear why the Italian is able to live on
vegetable diet so we'll. The people
rain their vineyards upon trees, and
n many cases there is hardly any top
o the trees, as they had been cut down
o stumps for the vines to climb on. l
lid not get decent apple to eat until
was on board the ship, and had some