davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1908-07-12

AT one or more places around the field
the stripper is stopped to dump out
the contents of the box. Here an or
binary tanning mill (winnower) is set
up to separate the wheat from the
chaf. This is run either by hand or
by a ene-horse tread power. Many
machines are also in use called 'har-
vesters," which. at the same time. COM
pletely thresh. winnow and sack the
grain In these there is usually a sec
ond threshing cylinder provided to re
thresh such OF theCrain as the reel
over the stripping comb failed to COM
pleteiy beat out OF the chaff. Two
grain bags are attached to the machine.
and at regular dumping places around
the field full bags are set off These
strippers and harvesters are usually
made to take a swath from five to six
feet wide. and require three to six
horses, the usual number, as above
noted. for an Australian workteam.
A One-Man-Farm.
How much land can one man handle
by the system Of farming practiced in
Australia" This question we fire.
quently asked. Some answers we re-
ceived are from apparently reliable
sources. may have interest to the read
er a most detailed answer was given
by Professor Perkins OF the Rose
worthy Agricultural college: Assume
one man with eight horses. six TO use
at a time. and two to change off. He
would start blowing his stubble land
for the bare fallow in July and con-
tinue to September. say fifty days. At
the rate Of four acres day he could
thus pillow eco acres. For seeding he
has about from mii-April to mid-May,
saw thirty DAYS With a drill he can
req ily seed 200 acres in this time.
With a little occasional help. one man
with a stripper or harvester. or also
with a self binder. could also harvest
this area during the harvest time in
November and December. These are
the main items OF work. or the busy
time" on the farm. The cultivatine o.
the scarifying OF the summer fallow.
when necessary, as also the marketing
If the crop. can readily be fitted in be-
tween these busy times" With the
system OF cropping only once in three
wears. one-third only OF the farm r
Moved or seeded or harvested each
wear. therefore 500 acres is the amount
one man could handle with only a lit
tie help now and then especially at
harvest time As the harvest comes In
dry season. the wheat can be left
until dead ripe indeed must be left
until very ripe and If the "stripper' or
harvester" Is to be used One some
what conservative farmer offered TO
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1908-07-12

While Australia is making a pastoral
country at present. II also has large
areas used for wheat production. These
are mostly along the zone of somewhat
scant rainfall. between the drier in
terror region and the well-watered
coastal regions. Where the precipita-
ton is great. the pastures are good,
and dairying is the chief industry.
Sheep raising and fruit production
are also carried on extensively in these
regions. Further north, in Queensland.
!arge sugar plantations have been es-
taoliShed near the coast. In the great
interior OF Australia, comprising by far
Inc greater part OF the continent. the
rainfall is so limited that farming is
quite out OF the question, the rainfall
oelng only from two 10 six inches Be
tween these areas. however, is great
stretch Of level plains or rolling coun-
NY with good soil and a rainfall of
rom ten TO twenty inches. On this belt
are the great wheat fields OF Australia
which play a very important part In
me production of the worlds supply of
oreadstuffs. Just how far inland and
10 how low a limit OF rainfall they can
Probably grow wheat is a problem as
important as our own dry farming
Problems at home are for our semi
arid west. We find the Australians
making great advance in pressing
agriculture farther into these dry re-
slons. and much enthusiasm is eX-
pressed over the outlook
Improvement Of Varieties.
On a few of the state farms the prin-
Spal line OF work was the testing OF
~Fleties and the Improvement OF them
" selection. hybridization. etc, tc
aUspt them better to the dry conditions
prevailing there. Very important WORK
y This nature is being done at the
SSoWra farm in New South Wales oy
ar sutton. the manager. and valuable
improved varieties will doubtless DC
ol'slnated here in the near future. A
ne hoseworthy college farm. in South
australia. Principal Perkins is alse
eonductins work along that line More
y. less Is being done at several OF ths
er state farms and by several pTi-
1te individuals. So much has peer
accomplished in relatively few years
nteligentiy directed work OF TINS
Alu that We have the right 10 hope fol
a.ueh greater things when this seiec-
IN and breeding work has been car
'eu on through many decades But
IN all breeding work with poti
t.@nts and animals, II is fully reailze'
those engaged in IL. that no I'm
it.'oVed variety can become so liked II
- good qualities that further selection
vi De unnecessary. When a good Typ
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1908-07-12

Ruth. who. since her marriage to Mr..
W. II. Leavitt in October 1908. has
made her. home in New Orleans. Then
comes William j.. jr., salwart
youth of is years, who measures five
feet eleven inches, and weighs $50
pounds. Lastly, there is the baby of
the family. Miss Grace. who has en-
joyed about sixteen summers. and in
the meantime has grown as tall as her
mother. all of which goes to show that
Nebraska winds and weather have not
labored in vain on ohe rising genera
ton.
Mrs. Bryan's father, who died at the
age of 80. made his home for many
years with his only daughter; and the
most touching incident in the life of
Mrs. Bryan is the filial devotion she
lavished upon him. For the last thirty
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1908-07-12

stumps or roots which remain in the
ground for many years after the land
is cleared The malice is q big brush,
or a small tree, that originally covered
much of this wheat area. 1t grows to
a height of from fifteen to twenty-five
feet and a diameter of 4 few inches. It
is cleared by breaking or cutting il
down close to the grouI !. then burning
off. This leaves the stump below the
surface. which usually keeps alive for
several years. and even after it is dead
requires many years to decay Suffi-
GENTLY TO pillow out When plOwed out
these stumps afford an important
source of firewOod.
After hearing so much about the ne
cessity of blowing deep in dry farming,
ii was somewhat Of surprise to us
to find them here blowing so shallow.
One some farms here this is a necessity
because of the shallow soil. Deeper
blowing would turn up rubble. On other
farms. however the soil is deep enough
but they claim it is "lifeless" below
tie shallow dat;h to which they ri1v'
and that blowing deeper would injure
the land by turning up this barren sub
soil. Our own inclination would be to
do some experimenting on a small
scale. by plowing deeper 20 see II after
a succession OF years this so-called
dead soil would not become equally
productive. and then the deep blowing
afford a better seed bed and produce
better crops. However the results of
experiments in dry farming in the state
Of Utah also throws doubt upon the ne
cessity of deep blowing. especially dur
ing the first few years of farming new
land. and it is barely possible that this
cry for deep plowing is without foun-
dalton where wheat raising is the use
TO which the land is TO be put
Harvesting Machines.
The most common kind of harvesting
machines used in Australia is almost
unknown to American farmers. IN spite
Of the fact that a few American firms
supply a large proportion of the ma
chimes used in Australia. especially the
Massey Harris company of Canada and
the international Harvester company
Of the United States. The machine
used mostly is called the "stripper.
for it merely strips the grain of of the
heads and leaves the whole of the
straw stand In the field Instead of q
cutting bar. this machine has a kind o.
steel comb that catches the heads Of
the grain and lets the straw slip
through the teeth. Close over these
teeth of steel bars is made to rotate
rapidly beating the grain out Of the
chsn- and throwing the whole of IL up
and back into a large collecting box
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1908-07-12
years of his life he was blind.

years of his life he was blind.
Un.I4 q lew years ago the organs
were identified with a Presbyterian
church in Lincoln. but withdrew from
that well-established organiza ton that
they might give their support to two
smaller struggling congregations in the
neighborhood. At present the family
attends services at a little chapel near
their country home. where they feel
they can come near to the heart of ma
ture and the great Greater. With
them simplicity md sincerity are more
10 be desired in divine services than
ostentation and display.
Out-of-door sports and amusements
have always been very attractive to
Mrs. Bryan. although she has devoted
no considerable time to the acquire
ment of proficiency I'm any sport ex-
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1908-07-12

tural or wild heritage. prominent
among il wild oats. which always gets
onto the land from some source, af-
fords a fair pasture for sheep Dur
ing the next year the land is summer
fallowed and in the fall seeded. The
rains here come almost exclusively
during the winter season, i. e., May to
Sc ptember, which throughout Austria
liza is scarcely ever cold enough to stop
the growth of wheat. 1t thus is most
favorable for the full utilization of the
rain. since the crop. which is sown
shortly before or after the first rains, is
constantly on hand TO use the rain
shortly after il falls. and before it has
time to be lost through drainage or
evaporation In the spring. after the
rains cease. it is but a month or two
until harvest time, end of November
to end of December, and the moisture
stored in the ground is usually suffi-
cient- to hold out for maturisy. even
though the total rainfall is very low.
Under these conditions il is very evil
dent that a lower average of annual
precipitation will suffice for a profit
able crop than in our eastern states,
where the rainfall is more irregularly
distributed through the year. as in the
states of the plains. or where with win
ter and spring rains, as in the inter
mountain region, the weather is so cold
during much of the rainy season as to
stop growth almost entirely Just
what is the lowest average annual pre-
cipitation at which paying crops can
be raised in Australia is. like in our
own country. difficult to estimate. In
quiries elicit from enthusiasts incredi-
bly, low estimates, such as eight or ten
inches. II would be very desirable to
have a sufficiently extensive series of
data from actual yields and precipita-
ton records 10 draw a reliable conclu-
sion as to the lower limit of rainfall az
which. with the best present varieties
and best cultural methods, profitable
yields can be produced AS also in our
own country. il is very unsatisfactory
10 draw conclusions from statements
OF the dry-farming enthusiasts. which
statements are often mere guesses or
sweeping conclusions taken from ex-
ceptional cases.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1908-07-12
MISTAKE.
(Cleveland Leader)

ICIeVel11d Le3derD
II like that young man
For goodness sake. WHY
81 notice he always thinks for a min
ute before he speaks"
You're wrong. He doesn't think-he
merely pauSes-"
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1908-07-12
Fertilizer Requirements.

A very exceptional condition as 10
fertilizer requirements prevails
throughout Australia. The application
of potash or nitrates is almost abso-
lutely without favorable results, in
deed. at times has actually decreased
the yield. Applications of phosphates
are, on the other hand. practically in
dispensible. Before the agricultural
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1908-07-12

They could we'll afford to do this, for
the splendid home which was nearing
completion is, beyond doubt, one of
the finest private residences to be found
in the west The house, which is built
of Clipped brick and stone. is situated
on the brow of a fine grassy eminence,
which slopes away in every direction,
and from which an unobstructed view
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1908-07-12

has been created il will require eternal
vigilance to keep il from retrograding.
South Australia. more than any other
state of Australia. is dependent for its
prosperity upon wheat raising, and the
officials OF the department of agricul-
ture have far-sighted schemes in view
for securing and keeping up good
Yields. They propose that the state
shall esta blish a large seed farm upon
which experts are constantly at work.
first 10 improve the varieties on small
plats. then to multiply the improved
varieties on large fields until respect
able sized samples can be provided
each farmer who applies. so that the
farmer can. within a year or two. pro-
duce this improved variety in sufficient
quantity to seed his entire farm. This
sample. which would amount TO a num-
Der of bushels, would be sold TO the
farmer at a price that should cover the
cost of running the seed farm; there
J fore at an advance above the market
price of ordinary wheat.
Favored Varieties of Wheat.
OF the varities now in use We find
one. named Federation. very frequently
favorably mentioned for high yields
Mr. Sutton of the Cowra farm men,
toned one named Comeback. as supe-
rior in quality. but inferior to the Fed
! Grafton wheat and the Bunylp III ylelO
These are we'll suited to the warmer
climate that prevails in New South
Wales. For the colder climates he
mentions Paragon. Cleveland. Sussex.
Jonathan. Early Jonathan and John
Brown as suitable varieties. For rust
resistance. he recommends the Flor
ence. Genoa. Dexter and Mugee. In
| South Australia we also find Fedora
ton wheat very popular. likewise va
riety called Yandille-King. which IS
cross between the variety called 1on-
dilla and that called Silver King. Fed
Grafton wheat is explained to be cross
between varities called Purple Straw
and a variety of Fife. The varieties
used throughout Australia are general
Nv OF the beardless kinds. In Queens
land and in New South Wales the
| chemical divisions OF the departments
OF agriculture carry on extensive MILL
ing tests along with the work in the
selection and improvement of varieties
Coop Rotation and Rainfall.
In the great wheat areas OF South
Australia the usual practice Is TO COM
bine wheat raising with sheep raising
and 10 take off crop only once IN
three years For q year after the mar
vest is taken off the stubble land Is
pastured without any special seeding
The straw left standing and the ma
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1908-07-12
Something About Their Home.

lege brought to light the need of phos-
pilates. wheat growing in these regions
had almost been given up because of
the small and decreasing yields. Now
no farmer thinks of attempting 10 raise
wheat without an application of some
form of phosphate manure, usually su-
per- phosphate. for each time ne takes
off a crop of wheat The usual amount
applied ranges from one-half to one
hundred weight per acre. The heavier
applications show their superior bene-
fit more especially in the pasture which
the stubble land affords during the
year following the taking off of the
harvest. The cost of good super-phoS-
phate, until quite recently, has been
about SO per- ton, but through trust
manipuiations is now higher This
means an expense for manure of from
so cents to 81 an acre. The added yield
rarely fails to pay for this several fold
1t is in dry years more than in wet
wears that the phoSphates show great
increases in the yields Through the
introduction of phosphate. ranures the
land values have also increased in
leaps and bounds, because of the evil
dence of greater possibilities for the
land. The underlying bedrock through
out this region being limestone. il
makes il the more extraordinary that
the land should have such a need for
phosphate manures. Chemical analy-
ses however, here agree with expert
ence in showing a deficiency OF phos-
pilates and an abundance of potash In
few very limited localities, l. e. about
Mt. Gambler the analyses show an
abundance of phosphates in the soil
and here also the fertilizer tests show
no appreciabIe response TO phosphate
applications.
The Flowing
We rarely see the Australian farmer
at work in his fields with less than
five or six horses hitched to his imple-
ments. AS the practice in blowing il
not TO pillow very deep. only about four
inches. or more rarely six inches. one
man can turn over a considerable area
in day. The plows used most gen
orally are a kind made in Australia
especially for Australian conditions
They use mostly what are called
stump jumpers" These are so hung
or hitched that when any one OF the
gangs of from five to nine piows strikes
an obstacle that plow turns the point
back slips over the obstacle. then
rights itself and at once goes into the
ground again. all without the necessity
Of stopping or of any special attention
from the driver. There is special occa-
sion for the use OF such devices on
Australian plows because OF the malice
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1908-07-12

cept that of swimming, which she
learned in the commodious bath house
in Lincoln. Driving affords her much
pleasure. and she has at her command
two splendid horses, her driver and a
fine saddle horse. she enjoys travel
as a means of recreation only when it
is proving of value in extending her
knowledge of the world and its natural
wonders.
Something About Their Home.
The Bryan estate outside of Lincoln
now comprises about $50 acres of fer
tile rolling land. In the autumn of 1901
the construction of the present man.
sion was begun. Before it was ready
for occupancy the family fitted up sew
eral rooms i'm the brick barn, and lived
there most happily and comfortably.
Los Angeles herald., 1908-10-11
ACTS IN ALL TRUST cAPACIT1E
.ount, s5o; eastern storage. selected. ss@

count, 35c eastern storage. selected. 2e@
27c.
BUTTER-creamery extra. e-pound roll
67hc; creamery frsts, 60c; eastern extra
CHEESE (per pound)-Northern fresh.
lie; Anchor, large, tic; Anchor. Young
America, 18c; Anchor hand, 19c eastern
singles 16c; do twins, 17h q 1Sc do ched-
ders, 17c; do long horns, 171s @1So; do
daisy, 17h 01Sc; Swiss imported, Esq SOC;
do domestic, 1sc; cream brick, 1Sc; linz
burger 1Sc.
IEANs-(Per 100 lbs). Small white. s4.1OQ
AIS; Lady Washington. sSs5Ql; pinks. No. l.
50 25; blackeye $3.50; 1imas. S.; Garvanzas,
s4 lentils, s9 bayou, S3.95 5Q4
ONIONS (per cwt)-Reds, $1OO; silver
skins, SLIPS; yellow Danvers, S5cq$1; Austria
liam brown onions, 81; crystal white, S1.25.
GARLIC-9@1Oc lb.
NUTS (per lb)-Alnonds, fancy XXI and
Ne Plus, 14@15c; BraZils 15@16c; hlberts,
14@15c; pecans 12Q1Sc; California peanuts,
raw, 66D7c; eastern, 7h SC; Japan peanuts,
SIC; roasted &c additional; walnuts fancy
No. /, 14Q16c; do small No. 2, 1Oc; pine
nuts, 14c; cocoanuts, per doz., 9Oc; bitter
Almonds soc basket.
DRIED FRUITS (per lb.)-Apples. evapo-
rated. 71sqsc; apricots, 25-pound boxes,
01Oc; dates golden, bulk, SIC; black figs.
25-pound boxes, $1.25; do white. 10 16-
OF. pkgs. to box. per box. 75c: do 80 h-lb
pkgs to case. per case. s1.65; lemon and
orange peel fancy 10-lb boxes. per lb, l5c;
nectarines. 25-lb. boxes, per lb. 9@1Ocj peaches
evaporated, SQ9c; pears, evaporated. fancy
2e-lb box, per box, 901Oc; plums. S99c: loose
muscatels, 5@6c; sultanas. 6@61ac; figs, &C.
PoMEGRANATES-SO -SOcqsL 30 lug box.
GUAVAS-4 q &C a box.
PINEAPPLES-Per pound 1000.
PRUNES-Santa Clara basis. 4Rc; out
side 4c.
GRAPEs-Tokay. soc; Muscat. eo97oc
black, 65@T5c; Concord, 75c
CRANBERRIES-$1O per Dbl.
| PEARS-$1@1. So
| PLUMS-75c crate
FRESH FIGS-Per box, 1886
| FEACHES-4OQ70 box.
| CANTALOUPES-Per crate. $3.50 Ql.7b
| casabas, SO; winter casabas. SO.
WATERMELON lb.. 1c.
BERRIES-Fancy Strawberries, 5@6c
blackberries, &c; huckleberries, 4Q SC; rasp-
berries. 12c.
MUSHRO OOMS-S350 a basket
POULTRY Buying prices): Live hens. 14c;
young roosters. Ice; fryers, 1Sc; broilers, zoe;
old ROSTERS, Sc: turkeys, 1Sc; old toms, 1Sc;
Young TOMS 1ec hen turkeys. 1sc; geese. 12c;
ducks 111Ac.
IOULTRY-( Selling prices) Live hens Ice;
young roosters. 1Sc; fryers, 21c; broilers. 2Sc;
old roosters, 1Oc; turkeys, 21c; old toms 21c;
Young TOMS 1Sc; hen turkeys. 21c; geese, lac;
ducks, 15c.
Retail Prices
Following prices for leading articles OF
consumption prevail at the Los Angeles
stores:
Butter, GLIB roll. fancy. ............s.. s5
Butter, 2-lb. roll. choice. ............. 80
Cooking butter. glib roll. ............. so
Eggs. fresh ranch. dozen. ......... @ 4Se
Los Angeles herald., 1908-10-11
HEIR TO 100000
DIES IN POVERTY

PHILADELPHIA, Oct. 10.-City po-
lice authorities were asked last night
to inform James Murray, formerly of
Spuytea Duyvil, New York city, that
he had fallen heir to a fortune of $780,
900. The news came too late. for James
Murray died November 29, 1906, in the
tubercular department of the Philadel-
phia hospital. For eighteen years he
had been there as charge upon the
city.
Murray was brought to the hospital
in the patrol wagon February 12, 1888,
eases. He gave his age as 43 years.
The only person whom he named as q
reference was the mistress of a sailors
lodging house in Front street.
He was discharged in April, but he-
turned five days later, and was again
admitted, when it was found that he
had become tuberculous. Throughout
his long stay in the hospital he was
dying slowly from this disease. An
affection of the heart threatened to
cause his death at any time, and dur
ing the last four years cataract in his
right eve made him partly blind.
Early in November, 1906, he sum-
moned the Rev. A. L. Millet, the Epis-
copal chaplain of the almshouse, and
turned over $35 which he had scraped
together to be used toward paying his
burial expenses. BY a coincidence the
bill of the undertaken was precisely $35.
The records of the cemetery show only
that James Murray's grave is COM
memorated as "No. z, lot III, Silver
Brook section"
Los Angeles herald., 1908-10-11
Pacific Coast Trade

SAN FRANISCO. Oct. o.-Flour--Family
extras, s54O@6; bakers extras. s540Qb.6b
Oregon and Washington, $4.s0@5.40.
wheat--shipping. s1.s2h @1.s7b; milling
$1.67h @1.70.
Bariey-Feed. s1.s5@1.4o; brewing. s1.4'
@145; chevalier. $3.50.
oats-Red. s1,5o@1.So; white, s1,62M q
1.72h; black, $2.40@2.50.
MISUNDERSTANDING $s3.5o@3 $3.50; mixed
feed, s.@2s; rolled barley. $29@3o; oat
meal, $4.S0@4.50; oat groats $4.S0@4.50
rolled oats. s31@3S.
Hay-wheat. s1B@ss; wheat ana oat 81
@1s.5O; oat, wild, $14.50@15.5o; oat, tame
s14@1S; alfalfa, $11@14; straw. 50@e5c.
Receipts-Flour 9110; wheat, 1876; barley
1915; oats, is; beans. 4277 corn, 600; pota
toes, 1926; onions, $40; bran. $50; middlings
bs5; hay, 200; hops, 112; hides, 1Q15; wine
Beans-Pini. ss.5O@ a.e5; lima. s4a5@4.5o
small white s4.25@4.bo; large white. $s.1I
@3.25.
Salinas Burbanks. s1.2s@1eO; MERGED
sweets, 1N @1hc.
Various-Green peas 495c: string beans
4@5c; egg plant. 50@75c; green peppers. 81
a 75c; tomatoes 25@4oc; summer squash
65 q $50; garlic. s@1oc; cucumbers, s5cG
S1.2B.