The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1908-09-10
THE TWO CLASSES OF COUNTRY
SCHOOLS.
Continued
SANITATION

HEATING AND VENTILATION.
In order to get the state aid n country
school must have an adequate system of
heating and ventilation. By proper
heating is meant that the room must be
heated to the right temperature (6S de
grees to 20 degrees) and the heat must
be evenly distributed. The school house
is ventilated properly when fresh air is
brought from the outside and the foul
air is taken from the room in sufficient
quantities to keep the air pure. The
aim is to have the air in the room as
nearly rs possible like the air outside.
but heated to the proper temperature
Anyone who puts in system therefore
must guarantee:
l. To put in plant that will be alb.
lie to heat the room to a proper tempera-
ture.
2. To have the temperature uniform
throughout the room.
3. To supply enough fresh air and
take ont enough foul air in order to keep
the air in the room in a good condition.
The thermometer is the instrument by
which we measure the amount OK air
brought in and taken out We can tell
by means of this instrument how many
cubic feet Of air are taken ont every
minute and thus igure ont how often
| the air in tba rppm 10 shapuaI
In the heating and ventilation matters
there are few things to take into con
sideration. The chimney should be
} large enough to do the work of carrying
out the smoke and foul air The mini
mum size of the inside measurement OF
a chimney is II by II or its equivalent
a small chimney cannot do the work
! AMI the plant is useless unless the pro
per outlet is provided.
The windows and doors should bt
tight. There cannot be proper circula
tion if these are leaky. Likewise the
floor, ceiling and walls should be tight
LIGHTING.
The lighting of school room is very
important matter and all who build new
school houses should consider the matter
carefully, Weak eyes are very common
in these days and the lighting of tn,
school room is to n great extent respon
sble The one thing that is insisted
upon is that every window shall be fur
nished with shade so that the light
may be regulated. If we wish to read
in our homes we never sit in the direct
sunlight. And yet in many cases the
children have had to sit in the direct
sunlight in school because curtains have
not been provided. The general rule is
this; Let the room be as light as possi
be bnt let not the pupils have to work
in the direct sunlight.
A blackboard that has a shiny surface
, ated. Grown up people wonld not sub
NIT to it, why should children?
DRAINAGE.
No person would live in place where
the water stands around his dwelling
One school district is especially noted
for the island like appearance of it,
school building in spring, The water
should be drained away from the schoo
grounds 80 that they may be dry.
CLEANLINESS.
This matter has not only to do will
health but also with the formation o
. character A dirty school room has M
influence on its inmates Uncouth pre-
misses not only show the mental attitud,
of the owner but they have n degrading
effect on all who must spend their year
on them.
The state requires that the floor shal
be kept clean. To this end provision
should be made to wash it once a month
The house wife scrubs the floor once
week at least. In some districts it ha
been the custom to wash the schco
house floor once year.
The walls the wood work and every
thing in connection with the schou
should be kept clean There are two 0
! three districts in the county that hav
. had special record for cleanliness
t The pupils seem to have il in their yer
7 nature to have everything neat an
2 clean Cleanliness has been incorpora'
, ed into their character Let us teac
, hygiene in a practical way by maxim
the scnool room and premises sanitary
!, In this connection might also be men
8 toned that several preparations are Io,
/ made which can be put on the floo
4 when sweeping. This prevents the dus
: from being raised and aids much i
}, keeping the air pure.
SEATING.
Another matter that has TO do wit
!. the childs physical well being is tn
a eating In many cases the seats ar
too far apart The child must bend fol