davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Holly chieftain., 1908-09-04
MOVING LARGE TREES.
Man with Experience Tells How It
Can Be Done.

l consider nursery grown trees the
best for transplanting because their
roots are more fitted for that purpose,
and apply this to the elm as well as
all other trees. However, natural
trees may be readily fitted for trans
planting SO as to even make their sue
cess certainty, but it is only econom-
ical on large trees. say from three
inches to one foot In diameter. For
example, IL in our Judgment we find it
necessary to take a ball of dirt about
five feet in diameter and 18 to "a
inches in depth, along with a certain
tree In transplanting, We may any
time between leaf dropping in the fall
and starting in the spring dig a
trench around this tree about six
inches smaller all around and fill in
again after all the detached roots have
been cut smoothly with knife from
the bottom up and the tops previously
shortened as above. These smoothly
cut roots soon send out mass of root
let's. clinging tightly to the soil that
we had packed into the trench again,
and in the coming transplanting sea-
son between fall and spring we again
dig around this tree. leaving the ball
as in our first judgment, and plant 1t
only few inches deeper in its new
place. Such trees may safely be
moved during fall and winter when
time Is not always as valuable as in
the spring, while small trees should
only be planted in the spring, which
is and will remain the best time for
all planting.-Albert Duebendorfer.
The Holly chieftain., 1908-09-04
MAKES CHEAP ICE CHEST.
Soap Box. Tin Cans. Sawdust and News
papers Form Cool Receptacle.

The fact that hundreds OF babies
and children in the tenement districts
are made seriously i'll each summer
by drinking milk which has stood for
hours in a warm place and is teeming
with bacteria has caused the milk
committee of the Association for I'm
proving the Condition OF the Poor to
introduce cheap, yet practical, Ice
box into the districts where the asso-
citation has established milk depots.
The box is a homemade affair, says
the New York Times. which can be
built for less than 20 cents and will
keep a five-cent piece of ice for "a
hours.
DIR. Alfred F. Hess of the department
Of health is the inventor of this cheap
icebox. which is as practical as 1t is
novel. 1t is made of an ordinary soap
box. two tin pals which fit one inside
the other. and bucket of sawdust or
package Of newspapers. The larger
pail is put inside the box and the In.
tervening space packed tightly with
either sawdust or newspapers. The
smaller pail is then put inside the big
one. All that is needed to complete
the icebox is to put f1ve-cent piece Of
ice in the inner pail, fill 1t half full of
water and put newspaper covered
top on the box. A bottle Of milk put
in the inner pail will stay at tenn
perature Of 40 degrees for "a hours.
At such temperature bacteria cannot
multiply, and the milk will stay sweet.
While it was hoped that the milk
depots could be made self-supporting,
SO few of the poor people in the tene-
ment districts can afford to pay even
the cost price Of the milk that the
depots are maintained at present al
most entirely by public contributions
The committee estimates that 25
cents week will provide one baby
with milk properly modified This
sum also provides for the free ad-
visory services of the doctor and the
trained nurse at the milk depot OF its
home district.
The Holly chieftain., 1908-09-04
THE RorTiNo OF APPLES.
Six Principal Kinds of Disease Which
Attack the Fruit.

There are six principal kinds of
rots that attack apples. and perhaps
there are minor ones. These six are
the bitter rot. black rot, blue mold,
brown rot, pink rot and one that has
no English name. but is known only
by its scientific name, Alternaria.
Blue mold seems to be able to grow
at lower temperature than any of
the other mOlds. Some apples were
inoculated with the spores of all these
molds and rots and placed in cold
storage at just below freezing, 81 de-
grees. At the end of nine weeks the
blue mold had spread in all the ap-
pies in which it had been pricked.
while none of the other molds had de-
veloped at all.
This is interesting, as showing what
We may expect from fruit kept in cold
storage. Its keeping depends largely
on whether or not the blue mold has
obtained foothold on the fruit.
On the other hand when the apples
that had been inoculated with the
other rots were taken into living
room where the temperature was at
20 degrees, normal temperature for
human beings. all the different molds
and rots developed with great rapidity.
In two weeks all Of the fruits were
half or wholly rotten.
The lesson to be drawn from this.
says Farmers Review, is that the
grower of apples must know some
thing about the different kinds of rot
so that he can tell when his fruit is
affected. Such affected fruit must be
dealt with according to its exposure.
II 1t has become affected with blue
mold germs it must be put to some
immediate use rather than be put into
cold storage.
Molds and rots are produced by
vegetable organisms that are like
plants in that some will grow in one
temperature and some in another.
However, all OF the molds and rots
that affect apples will grow at above
As degrees. Therefore in the ordinary
cellar 1t is impossible to keep fruit
that has been exposed to any Of these
rots.
The germs of the various diseases
are not killed by low temperature;
they are only reduced to quiescent
state. Therefore when apples that
have become inoculated by the forms
other than blue mold come out of the
storage house they begin to develop
these rots very rapidly, and the peo-
pie imagine that the cold storage ex-
perience has the power Of making
fruit rot more quickly than 1t other
wise would. We have probably NO
good reason for believing this.
The least aggressive rot seems to
be the pink rot; and apples that have
been affected with pink rot before
storage will frequently be fit to sell
two or three weeks after the apples
come out of cold storage.
The Holly chieftain., 1908-09-04
Western Live Stock Show.

Twenty-Five thousand dollars in pre-
miums are offered by the fourth Ma
tional Western Live Stock show which
Is to be held In Denver, its permanent
home. Jan. 18th to 25th, 1909. A new
catalogue and premium list has just
been issued by the association, and it
is being distributed all over the United
States to prospective exhibitors. It
shows the most extensive classification
that has ever been arranged and the Of
ficers believe that the program repre-
sents show which is on a par with the
big shows of the country. The new
quarters recently erected in Denver
are adequate for a large display Of
stock, and It is believed that a great
many exhibitors from various and dis
tant states in the Union will contribute
to the show
One of the features Of the show will
be carcass test. Heretofore, the
tests on carcasses has not proven equal
to the results of the judgments offered
by experts before the cattle were slain.
No attention will be paid to the connec-
tion between general fat classes and
the carcass test. All animals entered
in the test will be lined up for exhibi-
tion Immediately prior to the slaugh-
ter. Anyone may enter as judge, pro.
vided he pays a fee of 81. The man
who comes the nearest to judging
what Is under the hide of the animals
will receive the fees Of the judges who
enter as prize.
The premium lists are now ready for
all who want them. They may be pro-
cured from the secretary of the stock
show at the stockyards station in Den
yer.
The Holly chieftain., 1908-09-04
FOR MELON GROWERS.
How You Can Tell When a canta.
ioupe 10 Ready to Pick.

While 1t is not difficult matter to
tell when a cantaloupe is ripe, yet it
requires considerable skill and ex-
perience to be able to judge just the
right time or stage at which the melon
will ripen nicely and reach the mar
ket in good condition. The practice
of allowing them to get ripe or yellow
on the vines, except in very cool
weather, destroys both the fine flavor
and the crisp freshness of the fiesh as
we'll as their ability to stand shipping
to market. AS soon as the melon be-
gins to ripen. especially Of the small
fruited kinds. the stems crack slightly
away from the melon, and sometimes
few small drops of bright, red juice
appears in the cracks, rendering 1t
more noticeable. AS soon as this
crack appears the melon should be
picked and shipped to market. The
melons should be picked every morn
ing while it is yet cool, If possible,
and on very hot days the patch should
= be gone over again in the afternoon.
They should be picked much closer on
a hot day than on cool one, as the
state of the weather has direct in
f1uence on their ripening-hardly a
melon being gathered on a cool day
from the same number of hills that
would yield basket full on hot one
w. A. Hannelberger.
The Holly chieftain., 1908-09-04
G. A. r. Encampment Opens.

Toledo, O.-What with the marvel
ous illumination of the downtown
streets, the Venetian night" on the
river and the public reception by the
local committee and Commanders
Chief Burton and numerous other at
fractions marking the formal opening
Monday Of the forty-second encamp-
ment of the Grand Army OF the Re
public, the downtown streets were.
well nigh impossible. 1t is estimated
that 10000 visitors are here.
The Holly chieftain., 1908-09-04
RAISING HOGS
IN COLORADO
EXPERT ADVICE IN REGARD TO
MAKING A GOOD
STATE.
PAYS LARGE PROFITS
BEGINNERS SHOULD GO SLOWLY
UNTIL THEY GAIN
EXPERIENCE.
By H. NJ. cottrell. Superintendent of

by II. M. COttTelI. superintendent OF
Farmers Institutes.
For capital, labor and time required
there is no business of any kind in
Colorado that is paying larger profits
than raising hogs khere the grower is
an expert. AS high as 300 per cent.
net profit has been made in six months
under ordinary farm conditions.
The possibilities of SO large profits
have induced many farmers and busi-
ness men who have had no experience
with hogs to go into the business.
Many of these beginners with no
knowledge have started on a large
scale and have lost money. Handling
hogs profitably requires skill and ex-
perience and the beginner should
start slowly and not get these at too
great a cost.
Select any one Of the four breeds
you like best-Poland-China. Berk-
shire, Duroc-Jersey or Tamworth.
Get a good Judge Of hogs to select
for you from one to five sows, not
more. Select good individuals that
come from prolific strains on both
sides.
With careful management from -
to 20 pigs should be marketed each
year from a prolific, mature sow.
The beginner should study his hogs
closely, becoming acquainted intimate
ly with their habits. their likes and
dislikes, learning what they need and
what is bad for them.
Cheapness in production Is the first
point to be mastered by the beginner.
In his breeding he should work for
large litters, early maturity and quail
ity.
Starting with one SOW it will pay to
buy mature one that has shown that
she will produce good pigs and raise
eight to ten at litter. She should
have two litters year
Cheap shelter can be made with
straw, sod or boards. The beginner
can watch his small lot of hogs care
fully and learn how to make them
grow rapidly at least expense.
II any trouble occurs 1t can usually
be seen in a small lot of pigs before
1t is past curbing. When there is a
loss it can not be heavy and the grower
gets his experience cheaply.
The second year three or four OF
the best sow pigs should be saved
with their dam.
The third year the grower should
have learned enough about growing
hogs to be able to handle ten sows and
their produce and after that he should
know enough to slowly increase his
hog herd to the limit of his farm.
Cheap shelter and forces should be
used until the profits from the hogs
will pay for better ones. No large
building should be erected until hogs
have been grown several years on the
farm and the breeder is sure of what
he wants and where he needs to To-
cate it.
Sows should be kept as long as they
usually have large pigs a greater num-
ber and pigs with more vitality than
an immature, growing sow.
Starting with one sow, she will be
the foundation of the herd, no matter
how large 1t may become. 1t will pay
to have the first one good one, even
II she costs considerable money.
The Holly chieftain., 1908-09-04
Montana Town Burned,

Missoula, Mont.-Fire Saturday al
most completely destroyed Darby, n
town of about 1000 inhabitants, in the
Bitter Root valley. The town has no
fire department, and the conflagra-
ton, which started in the Tanner ho-
tel, ragged for four hours without inter
ruption. The use Of dynamite is all
that saved the three remaining build
ings Of Darby.
The Holly chieftain., 1908-09-04
Buos In Melons.

The bugs that infest melons and
squashes are a merciless horde. It
is tedious to kill them by hand and
poisoning them is very unsatisfac-
tory. Get lot Of empty strawberry
boxes, tack gauze over them and in
vert one over each fair-sized melon;
the bugs will have to stay away then.
The Holly chieftain., 1908-09-04
Picker for High Fruit.

accompanying Illustration. without
bruises, says the Prairie Farmer.
Bend stout wire in circle and
sew to 1t a small bag. Attach the
wire to long pole. This will enable
you to pull fruit from the top of
tree without injuring it.
The Holly chieftain., 1908-09-04
Currant Buns.

Three tablespoons butter, three
fourths cup sugar, one egg, one-half
cup milk, one-half cup currants, 1h
cups flour, " teaspoons baking pow
der, little salt. Flavor with CHINA
mon or little vanilla. Bake in muf.
fin tins.
The Holly chieftain., 1908-09-04
Ironinu Hint.

An economical, and really excellent
pad for cleaning and testing hot irons
brown paper. This may be renewed
each ironing day, and is quite salts
factory. Fora fine polish little wax
or paratfin should be used.
The Holly chieftain., 1908-09-04
HORTICULTURE
G44eEagese
'ss2s N~
SIMPLE EXTENSION LADDER.
New Part Of an Old Ladder Can BE
Utilized.

: made . ladder extension by saw
ing on seven feet from an old ladder
and removing three of the rungs as
shown in the cut. explains a writer in
Farm and Home. Then place 1t on
the outside of the ladder to be length
ened, bore two holes through each
side piece. put q bolt in each hole and
the ladder Is four feet longer. After
The Holly chieftain., 1908-09-04
Gluten Mullins.

Two cups Of gluten flour. two cups
milk, one egg well beaten, two tea
spoons baking powder; mix powder
and flour, stir in eggs and milk and
bake in hot gem pans.
The Holly chieftain., 1908-09-04

Handy Extension to the Ladder.

using It can be changed to original
size much quicker than If tied with
ropes and it's safer. The top ends of
the ladder should be cut out to receive
the lower rung of the extension.
The Holly chieftain., 1908-09-04
Seeino What One Wishes.

In all things throughout the world,
the men who look for the crooked will
see the crooked, and the men who look
for the straight will see the straight.
-RuSkin.
The Holly chieftain., 1908-09-04
PICKING HIGH FRUIT.
Bag Which viii Keep Fruit from Be,
ing Bruised.

Peaches, pears, apples, etc., out of
reach by ordinary means can be gath
cred by using the device shown in the
Montpelier examiner. [volume] (Montpelier, Idaho) 1895-1937, 1908-10-30
A TELLING COMPARISON.

Inasmuch as the democrats are urging
extravaganza in republican management of
the county the following table taken direct
from the records Of the county are interest
ing. The table shows the tax levy since
1891 and designates the period during
which the county was under democratic
or republican rule:
Montpelier examiner. [volume] (Montpelier, Idaho) 1895-1937, 1908-10-30

MISUNDERSTANDING An unfoundt d
charge made and repeated through
the public press will frequently de-
stroy an enterprise or ruin a reputa-
ton built up by years of patient
industry.
eve have great empire to de-
velop in this new state and we will
develop it better and much more
rapidly if we work together for the
common good, regardless of polite
al affiliations, giving to the worthy
public official his mite of praise in
stead Of attempting to tear his
reputation to pieces over some
technical error.
Dated this 22nd day of Oct. 1908.
Respectfully submitted,
j. K. Clinton. C. r. Shaw, John
Mcmillan, G. G. Auderst n, V. C.
Kerr, w. Il. Booth.
o. o. Haga, Attorney for Com
mittee.
Montpelier examiner. [volume] (Montpelier, Idaho) 1895-1937, 1908-10-30

It will be noticed by looking carefully
over this table that the very lowest tax
levy ever made during this period under
all democratic rule was $3.50 in 1894. The
very highest levy made by the republicans
was 1914 in 1907. The lowest levy made
by the democrats is higher than the highest
ever made by the republicans.
These figures alone present quite an
argument however they are only part of
what the record shows. In 1899 the demo
cratic commissioners bonded the county for
$4,000. The same party remained in pow
er and on May %, 1900 issued refundinp
bonds for ST., 900 to meet this debt, having
during twelve years of uninterrupted rule,
with tax levy as high as is shown in the
proceeding table only kept up the interest
and reduced the debt $1,000 Even this is
not all, the democrats run behind with their
tax levy around the three cent mark. On
August |, 1922 the same party issued nego-
table coupon bonds for Sc, 800 to pay off
outstanding warrants.
In 1903 the republicans came into pow
er and have held uninterrupted rule for five
years. The above table shows the tax levy
since that time, lower in its maxium than
the minium democratic tax. But let us 90
into the records farther and see what was
accomplished. Let us see if the develop
ment of the county was retarded by the
reduction of county expenses.
The republican commissioners in 1905
added an addition to the court house at
cost of about $4,000. In 1906 they con
structed a steel bridge at IA cost of nearly
$4,000. In 1907 the only year when the
tax levy came close to being as high as the
democrats lowest levy we put over SIS, 600
in road work and installed a heating plant
in the court house at a cost of 81 500.
Beside all this improvement the repub.
hcans during their rule have reduced the
county debt 81, $4,000, and have in the
same time paid off $1,000 of the bonds is
sued by the democrats and kept up the in
terest on these democratic bonds.
Think over this record, carefully com
pare these figures. They are all official
and furnished to this office direct from the
county records by County Auditor Holmes.
One reason the county officials have
been able to accomplish SO much is that
they have gradually brought the property
of the railroads ana other corporate inter-
ests up nearer proper valuation.
The results of the past year give an
idea of how taxes are being equalized under
republican rule.
The people paid in taxes in 1907 SIG. 339 OIL
The railroads paid in 1907 SIC, o944 A
The people pay in 1908 $50, 542.7
The railroads pay in 1908 SIS, 1902
The peoples taxes have been reduced
in the last year S3796.31.
The railraod taxes have been reduced
IN the last year $503.52.
Daily press. [volume] (Newport News, Va.) 1896-current, 1908-03-25
BLAZING METEOR STRUCK
SAILING SHIP ECLIPSE
Survivors OF Vessel Tell Remarkable
Story of Wreck and Peril at
Sea.

LONDON. March 2i--Fifteen sur
v1vors OF the wreck of the sailing
ship Eclipse, 1852 tons. have arrived
here and aye relating one of the
stmngest tales OF shipwreck out OF
fiction. The Eclipse was on voyage
from New Castle 10 San Francisco.
She had been at sea 65 days when
she was overtaken by a terrible bur
ricane, lightning lit mp the entire
SKY. and the thunder was deafening.
suddenly n meteor fell. striking the
ioretopmast. which fell In spllntors to
me deck. crashed through, boring n
hole In the hull of the vessel and dis
appearing into the sea.
There was an explosion as The
white not meteor struck tho water
The crew, utter extinguishinr the
ME which resulted from the meteor
coming into contact with the shin.
TOOK to the boats. The water gained
steadily and Captain Lassen and his
crew were forced TO take to the boats.
| For 10 days the men suffered IN open
craft beneath the scorching sun. max
ing their course for the Sandwich Ts-
lands. Two biscuits and two gills of
water formed the daily allowance for
each man. On the 18th day adrift
three men died. Their bodies were
thrown overheard and were immedi-
ately devonred by sharks. Some DAYS
la}er land was sighted, and the boata
finally reached small island The
EXHAUSTED men were cared for by
natives and later made their way 10
Honolulu, thence TO London.
Daily press. [volume] (Newport News, Va.) 1896-current, 1908-03-25

The Marathon race, however. must
necessarily take place outside for the
greater portion Of It's course. only the
finish Of the twenty 1--WE miles being
Viaiblc to the spectators In the arena.
While the coveted prizes OF the an
cicnt games were crowns of olives and
branches Of palms, In the modern
equivalent medals OF gold. silver ana
bronze Will be awarded. together with
certificates. besides n special chnl.
lenge cup. which will le held by the
winners until the Olympic Games OF
1912.
Ample opportunities Of seeing the
Stadium long before the Olympic
games commence will be Afforded for
many other events of great interest
and Importance will take place In It.
Arrangements have been made with
the Finchley Harriers Tor n great attn
lelic meeting AT which French ath.
lc,es will be largely represented. Sim.
liar arrangements have been made
with cycling for May .. when the rae.
ing will be organized on the lines sa
popular on the Continent. and pace
racing With motor cycles vii, form
one of The attractions. The polytcch-
mic Cycling, Athletic. Swimming. Box-
ing and Gymna5tic clubs will hold two
great meetings, one Of which will be
between English and French athletes.
The Amateur Athletic Association Ia
considering the question OF holding
about the end of May an all British
trial meeting for the purpose OF So
lecting Great Britain at the games.
The National Cycling Union also have
proposal under consideration with
a view OF holding the annual cycling
championships on the grent cycling
track, on which also motor cycle
races will be hold Tho Aero Club
VIII conduct n number of flying ma.
chine tests and competitions besides
Which three evenings week will DO
devoted TO gigantic nreworS displays
given by English and French firms.
In addition TO the championship and
intercounty sport meetings which are
being decided upon numerous clubs
propose to hold evening meetings in
every department OF amateur sportins
games. so that there will be a con
tinual gathering of athletes In the
stadium.