The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1908-09-27

Tended 4hs city aeanist an army undar
Gen. Oudinos. which had bean cent b.
Louis Napoleon. although the oonstttu-
zion of the French Republic declared thu.
France would never employ her arms
against the liberty Of any people. Apsi
50, lste, was the date Of the first French
sttack, which was 90 violently resisted
that 1000 picked troops were routed die.
a~strously By Q much smaller number Of
Garibaldi's volunteers. and oudinot had
TO ueek an armisticc. On May 4 foilsu.
ine 0aribaIdi with 1000 light troops ~
orctly left Rome. and Ave days later
met tho Neapolitan army. some 7,ooo
strong. The latter troops were put 10
ienominious flight. their General a.
tributinR his defeat TO tho superstitious
dread inspired In his men by the very
name Of 0aribaIdi and the terrifying
aspect OF the Nberator's red shirted soi.
diers. subsequently, Garibaldi met and
out TO fight . largo Nsspolitan column
near velletri, but ultimately. the French '
having been strongly reinforced. the
republican forces had to evaouats
Rome. Il 10 we'll known that after The
collapse of the italian revolutioa
Gen. Garibaldi sailed for New York
and spent about q year and q half On
Station Island engaged In tho manu-.
faoture Of tallow candles. Thence h
went again to South America and becams
CAPTAIN Of q merchant vessel trading b..
tween Peru and Hongkong. Returnina
10 Italy, he purchased In 1855 half Of Tie
Island of Caprers and there spent Iii
DAYS In p~atriarchal simplicity up to isSa,
when on the outbreak Of war betwssn
Sardinia and Austria Csvour asked him
TO command the now volunteer forcs
az the Hunters OF the Alps. Thess
irregular troops hung on the Austrian
flank all through Lombardy. driving them
from town after town by sudden assauts.
After capturing varess and defeating ss
Au~strians In the battle Of Malnate he
attacked q much larger force than hs
own and drove the enemy through Coma
toward Momxa- Subsequently he took
suooesstvely Bsrgamo. Bresoia and TIE
Ponti. A little later he conducted Q
suocessful campaign near Sondrio and
Bormio, finding himself In his true eli
fnent among the Alps. When the stnps.
flying news came Of the peace Of villas
franoa, concluded with Austria by Napc
leon III, Garibaldi at once rendered hs
but King Victor Emmanu&
would not accept 1t.
nv.
In the next act Of the great Italian
drama Maszini. Cavour and GaribalG
played each an important part. but ths
last named unquestionably held ts
centre Of the stage. The act was ths
famous expedition Of the Thousand to
Sicily. q foolhardy performance which
nevertheless was destined to bring TO
speedy fruition the long deferred hopes
Of Italian patriots. The quick conquest
of Sicily was followed by tho successful
invasion Of the Neapolitan mainland
Then took place that famous promenade
n~ilitaire from Reggie TO Naples, which
bore hut little resemblance TO warfars
beoause tho enemy fed ss fast a. Carl
baldi approached. The Liberator hsd
only to appear before Q town for It to
oapitulate; at villa San Giovanni. Tor
instance. where he had but Q few hun
dred men behind him. be ordered i2.ooo
Neapolitans to surrender and thsy
immediately did %. It was enough 10
telegraph that he was near Salerno for
the defenders Of that town to decamp
immediately. No attempt was made 70
hold Naples. the troops Of King Francis
retiring to the fortress OF Capua. The
latest battles Of tho Neapolftsn campaign,
the hardest fought. but ultimately,
were won by .Gsribaldi's army. On
October 10. ieoo. the triumphant Geneni.
called for . popular vote In the two
Sicilies for or against thsir ahnexatios
to Piedmont. and the vote was Over.
whelmingly for annexation. GsribslA
presently mst King Victor Emmanuel
and handed over to him his d~ictatorshtp
Of Naples and Sicily. 30 far was b
from having proAted by his opportunities
Of enrichment that upon retiring 70
Caprera, az he now did. he had TO borrc4
800 to pay his debts.
We cannot follow MI. Holland through
his account Of Garibaldi's subsequsne
career, but note his willing recognizes
Of the fact that for Italy the orusaderAs
achievements were s~uperlatively great.
He did'more than win battles. because
he reused his oountrymen to q pitch d
fighting spirit they had y known
before. Tho simple soldier became an
Italian national hero. with al the myth
cal charm Of Q Cid Campeador or q VIII.
lam Tell. Italy needed such inspiration.
The glory OF . crusader was a. essential
to Italian redemption y the soul STIR
ing fanatidsm Of . Maszini. the state.
craft Of Q Cavour o. the hngship Of . vlo-
tor Emmanuel. He was the living per.
sonifcation Of tho great fight fer liberty
that was Gsribaldi's contribution to
the cause.
From the sketch Of Victor Emmanuel
with which the volume concludes the
author draws the deduction that events
in the lives Of nations. though greater
than any man. seem often to swat the
coming Of a certain individual who shall
concentrate within himself the spirit
Of his time and pesonify It's impulse.
In reading the history OF Italian uniios-
tom one feels an though the men Of the
peninsula had awaited the coming Of
. King Of Piedmont who should give
everything he had to the common oauss
and without counting cost or fans
fight his way TO tho goal. 'When suoh
. man came, Their and then only could the
forces that were preparing reach their
fnll 0rowkh and oprorxunitv. than md