New-York tribune., 1908-07-12

guised but of acknowledged writings of Francis
none possesses the striking characteristics of the
| pseudonymous papers. The style of the lettering.
] while it is somewhat stiff and formal has close
ness of argument apt allusion and felictous
| illustration and many brilliant epigrams. While
| there is very strong evidence to show that Sir
| Philip Francis their author. yet in the judg-
ment of the most competent critics il is not proved
| beyond all possible doubt.
| In the history of novel writing pen name
| ranks higher than that of George Eliot, which
assumed by Marion Evans Lewis Cross when she
| published Adam Bede." Her identity was not
made known until she had written some of the
| other novels which made her famous and there
| has been considerable speculation as to her reason
for choosing It, but it is regarded probable
| that it the of a young she had
known in her youth. Her contemporaries, Dickens
| and Thackeray, preferred TO their own names
| in all their important works, although the
| former used the pen name Boz" the childish
| mispronunciation of Nose, when he began to write
| fiction, and the latter used the Jeames Vel
| lowplush and Michael Angelo Titmarsh for
| OF his earlier productions.
In the field of French fiction of the most IA
| nous names is that of George Sand. which was as
suned for literary purposes by Ar1nantine Lucille
| Aurore, Baroness Dudevant, daughter of Maurice
Dupin. 1t after writing novel with Jules
Sandeau following her separation from her hus-
band, and which signed Jules Sand that
she took the pseudonyme OF George Sand which she
attached to less than eighty novels writ
cent women writers who have used mems names
the late Mrs. Pearl Mary Teresa Craigie. who
wrote over the name of John Oliver Hobbies; Miss
Mary W. Murfree, who signs all her novels and
stories Charles Egbert Craddock, and Miss Julia
Constance Fletcher, whose works all appear with
the nane George Fleming. Miss Alice French
signs all her works Octave Thanet a which
does not clearly indicate the sex of the writer
OF the pen names of contemporary writers
is widely known than that of Mark Twain
| Uh lowed hiS cal
of Samuel L. Clemens. and has been attached
| to more than a score of works. The
adopted by him from the of the term by Missis-
sppi River boatmen in sounding the depth of water
who when using the lead and line say of the dis
tance TO the bottom in fathoms, mark one
mark twain" and To of his works
of fiction the author attached neither his
nor his pseudonymous one. but acknowledged later
the Personal Recoiections of Joan of Are"
One of the best known Of the English authors
of the fiction of the present day signs his work
Anthony Hope. but that is only part of his real
name. the surname of Hawkins properly belonging
to him Perhaps the best known pen name as
sumed by lady of rank who has entered the
field OF literature is that of Carmen sylvia under
which the Queen of Rumania writes. John Ruskin
once wrote over the name of "A Graduate of Ok
ford' Gail Hamilton. whose name is familiar to
the older generation of readers. was Miss Mary
Abigail Dodge. The OF Peter Farley was used
by no fewer than five writer's who contributed to the
library of works which appeared that name
about the middle of the last century but the chief
of those using It was Samuel G. Goodrich. The
initials A. l. o. F.. abbreviations of "A Lady of
England used by Miss Charlotte Marie
Tucker popular author of semi reli gious works
IN past generation. The initials II. II. used
by Mrs. Helen Hunt Jackson for most of her work.
but her popular Sake Holm Stories appeared
anonymously and were publicly acknowl-
edged. The essaytst OF the present day who signs
her work Vernon Lee is Violet Paget and the
novelist Lucas Mallet is Mrs William Harrison
youngest daughter OF Charles Kingsley between
whose novels and those of his daughter there is a
wide dissimitude. The French novelist who signs
her work Gyp is the Contesse de Martel de Join
VILE. While the name Ouida and that of the writer
who assumed 1t. Louise de ls Rance sound French,
she was OF English birth and parentage and spent
her later years in Italy Marion Harand is Mrs
NJ V. Terhune. and he- maiden name was Hawes
Pierre Lott is Lieutenant Louis Marie Julien Viaud
formerly of the French navy. Joaquin Miller is in
reality Cincinnatus Heine Miller. John Strange
Winter is Mrs. II. K. V. Stannard. Joel Chandler
Harris is best known Uncle Remus. Timothy
Titcomb was DIR. Josiah G. Holland. Robert Barr,
the novelist once wrote under the name of Luke