davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1908-04-10
How to Make
Better Roads

w ullc AulcI1Cdu 1Otu OuA1uC1o
are as capable of constructing
good roads as those Of any coun-
try of the old world, they have not
been as loyalty supported as the
men of those countries in main
tanning the highways after COM
pletion, and the deplorable state of
many hundred thousand miles of
road is thus accounted for. Coun-
ty and township officials may at
the outset stand the expenses of
having a road built but they
strenuosly object when asked to
provide funds to rebuild the road
that has been allowed to go to ruin,
It is important that farmers
learn of the benefits to be derived
from good earth roads; that coun-
ty boards be impressed with the
used of a proper maintenance Of
the same, and that road builders
and overseers learn how best to
care for the roads in their charge.
The persistent and powerful
enemies of earth roads are water
and narrow tires, and the constant
effort of the men in charge Of the
roads should be to guard against
their destructive effects and remedy
all damage as quickly as possible.
The simple implements which
have been found to be Of greatest
assistance in this work are the
plow, the drag scraper, the wheel
scraper, the road grader and the
split-log drag.
With a sandy soil and a subsoil
Of clay, or clay and gravel, deep
plowing so as to raise and mix the
clay with the surface soil and sand
will prove beneficial. The combi-
nation forms a sandy clay road at
a trifling expense. On the other
hand, if the road be entirely of
sand mistake will be made if it is
plowed unless clay can be added.
Such plowing would merely deep
en- the sand, and at the same time
break up the small amount Of hard
surface material which may have
formed. If the subsoil is clay and
and the surface scant in sand or
gravel, plowing should not be re-
sorted to-, as it would result in a
clay surface rather than one of
sand or gravel. A road foreman
must know not only what to plow
and what not to p]ow, but how and
when to plow. If the road is of.
the kind which according to the
above instructions should be
plowed over its whole width. the
best method is to run the first fur
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1908-04-10
Irrfga-
tion Project

Wllliston, N. L., April Ia
meeting of the Water Users Asso-
citation and the farmers who own
land under the Williston irrigation
project was held at the courthouse
for the purpose of discussing the
best possible means of furthering
the benefits of the Williston irri-
cation project, by disposing of
a part thereof which they could
not work to advantage.
Max Bass, immigration agent of
the Great Northern railway, was
present and made some timely
suggestions as to the best course
to pursue, in getting the most out
Of the land under the project and
at the same time settling up a
country more thickly by farming
less land and doing it correctly.
He said that he was here to facil-
itate the settlement of the country,
and showed that it was not the
water or irrigation project that
made the land values, but the
settlement of the country. that was
made possible thereby. He advised
the irrigation farmers, most OF
whom have 160 acres, to get to-
gether and dispose Of the lands
that they could not properly farm.
He suggested that the farmers list
the lands they had for sale under
the ditch with the description and
price thereof. This list would be
published and advertised by the
Great Northern to eastern buyers
who are desirous Of securing land
here and would make itpossible to
put family on every forty or
eighty acres, making it just as
profitable for them as l6O acres.
Chief Engineer Storrs of the
reclamation service here said that
it was also the plan Of Director
Newell of the service to advertise
these lists. to make it: possible to
get the best results out Of the ir-
rigation project by better farming.
The plan was discussed and
blanks for listing will be furnished.
the farmers on the ditch, and when
the plan gets to working there
should be big influx Of settlers
here, making more farms and bet
ter farming, more business for our
merchants, and another boost for
Williston, the fastest growing city
in the northwest
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1908-04-10

The vital statistics show that
there have been % births, 8 deaths
and 6 infectious diseases reported
in Mclean county during the.
month of March. The law with
regard to vital statistics will be-
closely observed in this county
and the fine Of $50 will be imposed
upon those who do not report.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1908-04-10
McC1usky Gazette

Charles Peterson, who has a
claim near here, was recently mar.
ried at Battle Lake, MINI, to Miss
Thea Olson, Of that place. Mr..
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1908-04-10

Freda Jc hnson, a End year high
school pupil has accepted positie n
as teacher of rural school 10 miles
north of town.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1908-04-10
Roseglen.

Thrifty farmers are busy getting
ready for springs work. Z
Mrs. A. P. Matson closed a very
successful term Of school il the
north school house April 3rd..
Miss Annie .Barsness, was agree
ably surprised by schoolmates and
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1908-04-10
Denhoff Voice.

T. II. Rix returned last week
from st. Paul with a carload Of
horses with which to farm his
land in and around Denhoff.
Henry Kraemer, of South Da-
kota, arrived this week and has
rented the Charlie Miller farm,
south Of town.
Henry Kalleth, Of st. Paul,
MINI, has leased the William
Bodewin farm for FIVE years, and
will move with his family to the
farm in the near future. His car
will arrive this week.
Mrs. Anton Wentz. ofnear Lin
coin, died at her home Wednesday.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1908-04-10
Benedict Banner.

F OSUSN4St Oo0NSAs
Mr.. Bracken and family boarded
the train here yesterday for Min
nesota, and will make their future
home near Glenwood.
Mrs. Peitz and daughter arrived
yesterday from Lidgerwood and
will spend the summer at the
home of Mrs. j. g. Kadoun.
Mr.. and Mrs. Ed. Shotwell left
Monday for Garrison to take up
their residence on the claim near
there. Miss UmReck accompanied
them and will stay',.with Mrs.
Shotwell while Ed. returns to Ben
edict.
The Washburn leader. [volume] (Washburn, McLean County, N.D.) 1890-1986, 1908-04-10

and was buried at the cemetery
near Lincoln yesterday. Mrs.
Wentz dropped dead while sitting
in a rocking chair.
VIM. Bodewin will move to town
next week in order to give his
children advantage of the excellent
schooling offered by the Denhoff
schools,
The Nezperce herald. (Nezperce, Idaho) 1900-1957, 1908-05-21

mothers sake. Il was her fayorite
How often have l SAT- AZ this same
plano. honey. with his deep voice alns.
Ing beside met- Murlefs hand stole
softly Into hers. For a tins only the
cruckie. Of the burning logs 10 the
great chimney broke the sllsar-. Both
sat gazing Into the ieaplng flames
4 should have known better than 10
return here Aunt jasmine coutin-
ueL Il can't think why came. only
your father wrote that be 70 Ionxed 10
see me. and that since our fathers
death be had moved into the Old home.
Home. you can't realize. Murlei. what
u means didn', think the FIRST even
ins would upset me % What a weak
creature ann
This Is what beg Ct you. honey
Aunt Janmlne's voice was very low.
mot TO throw away your llfe's happl.
ness was only eighteen when I con
eiuded was FAR too bright and charm
Ing to waste my talent on q plantation.
The winter IN New York spoiled me.
was feted. dlned and battered until my
poor. silly. little head was about up
side down. The great singing master
told me my voice was 70 wonderful,
% beautiful. Il would Be- q sin to de-
prive the world Of 20 great a blessing.
The Nezperce herald. (Nezperce, Idaho) 1900-1957, 1908-05-21
papers 3! !4Hnr PEOPLE

sulting from lower rent and lesser expenses and The
accessibility OF his place to buyers In the district DO
serves BY careful purchasing and Intelligent selecting
OF his stock TO conflict little possible with The
wider assortment and periodic sales OF the big empor
uns ho can establish business. In limited held next
thing 10 compstnon-proof.
His alternative Is to choose not locality, but par
ticuar neld OF merchandising. concentrating All ms
knowledge salesmanship and resources on mastery OF
this ons speciality The department stores are simply
groups OF speciality shops under general management;
TO compete with then be must match the business equip
ment OF the department In buying displaying
and selling their common wares Here comes IN MS
knowledge OF values his skill In foroastng public TASTE
his ability TO Impress individuality on his organ
ization and bis store methods This indvinr
aiity Is his trump eard-system.
The Nezperce herald. (Nezperce, Idaho) 1900-1957, 1908-05-21

cohhle< Studies ~ ne. Pee. ana
pev~iep. unsaas sotsGy.s
-oiogists' have for PEARS been tell
ing peoples dispositions BY the bumps
on their heads. the lines on their hands.
the contour OF their faces. their hand
writing and a dozen or more other
methods. Now new ''oiogy" has como
into the Geld. called 'shoeolou~: and
by II the cobbler to whom you take your
shoes can tel whether you are square
or crooked levei-headed or rattle
Drained. shiftless or palnstzkinS. fckle-
minded or stubborn and 50 on ad infnl-
tuua. says the Columbus Dispatch
Columbus has one ',shoeologfst-- He
Is David Cassidy. cobbler who also
owns a small shoe store. Just as a
mans handwriting or his eyes OF the
way he wears his clothing betray some
part OF his nature. 50
ioes the way be wears his shoes out
also tell It's story.
Why It Is 50. even to a certain ex-
'ent. Mr.. Cassidy doesn't pretend 10
explain. The shape OF the foot has
TO do with the way the shoe
Years out: the way a man walks has
great deal more. But why the honest
nan walks one way and the dishonesS
nan walks another. or why the heels Of
Manageable men are Inclined one way
nd the heels OF stubborn men inclined
he other. Is a question Jet to be solved
The man who wears his sole OF
cross the toe win STEAL said Mr.. Cas-
ady.
But Just think OF the women's
hoes that come In here worn out that
'ays- said another.
Wei. what OF TT Won't women
The Nezperce herald. (Nezperce, Idaho) 1900-1957, 1908-05-21

exist In only comparatively few States their influences
Is Widespread as Is evident by the growing demand for
more stringent State laws regulating savings banks along
the lines that have been tried and effective BY the
mutual savings banks Statistics State savings banks
other than mutual Indicate that these banks are wen
and ably managed and entitled TO the complete conn
dence OF the community.
In 1906 there were reported but I'VE failures OF say-
ings banks In the United States with liabilities $4,000
and assets OF sS6oo0o or net loss OF sl20Oo0 most
Insignificant amount compared with the deposits OF
these banks which aggregate something $5ooo00OoO
The record OF the other class OF financial institutions
that receives savings deposits the trust COMPANY while
not 50 plain. Is still admirable.
The trust company IS comparatively new type hav-
ms been developed largely In the last years II has
not quite found It's proper sphere. but Il PROFESSIONALLY
serves real need and II IS only question OF short
time before II win rank equally with the older types OF
financial institutions In conservatism and stability
The Nezperce herald. (Nezperce, Idaho) 1900-1957, 1908-05-21
France and Its Colonies Aid In Maxi
Ing Exhibitien Sueeess-x4s
Acres Ara Used.
1000 ATHLETES TO TAKE PART.
ssventy-six Buildings In Grounds
and L4goons Add to Beauty Of
thu surroundings

Millions Of dollars are being spent n
preparations for the Franco British ex
position. to be held IN north London
London. Paris. the British colonies and
the French dependencies. are aiding IN
the exhibition lbs object Is twofold-
70 cement the existing friendship be
tween Great Britain and France and 20
stand as monument to the peace OF
Europe.
The location OF the fair IS at Shep-
herds Bush, suburb OF North London
but so situated that IT is easy Of access
BY train. tube, OF car from almost any
point OF the great metropolis. II cov-
ers an area OF 143 acres The famous
International exhibition OF 1871 occu-
pied only twenty-one acres. and the re-
cent exhibition In Glasgow. Scotland.
sixry-nine acres In all. there win be
twenty huge palaces which VIII be ded-
fcated 10 science. art and INDUSTRY OF
the TWO nations-Britain and France
ror'on no account win any other coun-
Try be allowed to exhibit Then there
are fifty-six other hne buildings.
The buildings are spacious and arts
tic structures. OF steel. iron. concrete
and plaster Wood Is conspicuous By
The Nezperce herald. (Nezperce, Idaho) 1900-1957, 1908-05-21
GREW TREE FOR HIS COFFIN.

Boards Cared for By Farmer Used
for the Box InelosinE Cazkef-
The wish Of Ember Mason. a farmer.
made fifty years ago and carefully fos-
tered through the long years following.
that be Be buried In a eofin made from
walnut tree which be had grown
himself. Is only 70 be partly granted
Mason died last night at his home near
Leeds, says the Kansas City Star
Fifty years ago Mason found a young
walnut tree. particularly straight and
pretty. while be was clearing some
ground on his farm He was a man
of queer ideas and he decided to let
that tree grow for the particular pur-
pose OF providing wood for his coffin
The tree grew In the center OF a mead
ow from which all the other trees had
been cleared Fearing. however. that II
might be struck BY lightning and de-
stroyed. and II was already grown large
enough for the purpose for which be in
tended Il, Mr.. Mason about three years
ago had it cut down and sawed uD into
lumber The butt cut from which
be took the lumber for his coffin.
squared fourteen inches. The boards
were placed IN Nr. Mason's barn and
were carefully kept.
Last night Mason died. after an IN
ness that had lasted for several years.
but tomorrow, By the decision Of the
family, these boards which be cut from /
the walnut tree viii be used. not for
the coffin, but for the box in which the
casket win be lnclosed-
A queer man was Ember Mason. who
was 81 at the time Of his death. and
be took great delight In caring for his
coffin tree and later from the boards
cut therefrom-
4 reckon I'll take these boards TO
town an have 'em made I'D pretty I
soon,v be said to a visitor several years
ago.
I'm givin' out putty fast O. late an
might need that coffin most any fime.-
But -those boards were never taken
% town. The old man became weaker
very day and never found the oppor.
unity. For ffty-six years, with the
exception OF four years in the civn
War, Mr.. Mason lived in his home. a
quaint. old-styied structure on a hin
overlooking the valley Of the Blue Riv-
r. He was born in Tennessee and
ised to remark often that be was a
'Hick'ry Jackson" Democrat a Rebel
The Nezperce herald. (Nezperce, Idaho) 1900-1957, 1908-05-21
WHEEL OF YESTERDAY.

sfatisfieinns of the Census Bureau
Record Its Decline and Fan.
Ten years ago even persons with
cork legs rode bicycles. says the Louis
vile Courier-Journal. Not only did
hoi polIoi buy wheels on the INSTALL
ment plan and tear down street and
boulevard and pike and path In mad
pursuit Of pleasure. but society strad-
died the bike" and did feats that evil
denced hitherto unsupported grit and
Drawn. The fat rode to reduce, the
lean TO build up. the old to get young
and the young to get muscle. For one
reason or another every one gripped
the handlebar with both hands. paved
at the pedals with both feet and rode
with all OF his--or her--heart and soul
and strength. Not to ride was to miss
something like seven-elghths OF life and
live the other eighth In solitude Where
is the wheel OF yesterday Early in
THE morning. when all men are abed
The Nezperce herald. (Nezperce, Idaho) 1900-1957, 1908-05-21
IIuQIILIllIIIU

| pllfer little things quicker than a man,
They take little things where a man
wouldn't take the chance, because b.
knows the value isn't enough TO rsk
the chance OF being caught Look At
the shoplifters
Vow. q man who wears his shoes
or evenly across the bottom Is a pretty
Ievel-headed sort Of chap He doesn't
20 on half-cocked and when be says a
thing you can pretty generally bank on
IT. He thought # over before be said
II
But when the shoe wears oct on the
outside Of the sole look out for that
man He isn't 4 man Of his word Don't
extend any credit to him. because you're
liable not 70 get paid He's liable 10
be a pretty slippery customer In a
deal"
How about these shoesy' asked an
other listener A. be held ID his for IN
spection-
Il can't tel anything about the
soles. because you've just had them
mended- But I can tell By the counter
that you're chanzeabIe in your nature.
You're not as steadfast as you should
BE- Pull your shoe on and as Il was
handed to him be said Now n you'll
look down on that shoe from the ton.
or from the back. you'H see that the
counter Is swung inward The man
who breaks his counter down toward
the inside Of his foot Is chanzeabIe in
his narure. II Isn't very marked In this
shoe, 80 you're not 20 bad
what about the man who wears his |
heel on on the outsider
Every one does that. 1t doesn't
mean anything In 'shoeoiogy.' But there
IRE men who wear their shoes out
on the back Of the heeI-cosne
DOWN 80 hard they break the counter.
iown- All I've ssen have belonged 70
men"
rs there any difference between the
way fat men and slim men wear out
heir -hoesT'
Not that I've noticed. They wear
hem about the same az other people"
The Nezperce herald. (Nezperce, Idaho) 1900-1957, 1908-05-21
Ny Old Kentucky Home


Weep no more NY Muriel
Montrose stopped abruptly. with a final
rash Of discord Aunt Jasamlne.
what Is the mafter7 Why do you look
at me In such a horrifed way1 Are
you nl-has something happenedY' she
asked IN one breath
Nothing dearie. nothing: don't both
er. reckon am not quite we'll
-Weil-indeed you look like ghost.
Do tell me what II means. Something
terrible has happened, and you're
afraid 70 tell me. on, I know some
thing Just awful has gone and happen
cd and with the abandon Of her SIX
teen years. Muriel began to cry. Al
each word Of comfort she but walled
the louder. until she caught the word
song Then she sat up 80 suddenly
IS to nearly upset poor. distressed Miss
Monfrose-
DO I sing 30 horribly as that. and
me--wIfh thoughts OF career. Oh.
Auntie jasmine"
aNo. honey. It wasn't your volcr
that Is sweetly beautiful. but she
seemed unable 20 90 on
~Aunfie, dear. what Is lt.- Muriel
slipped to the floor. and nestled careas-
ingiy tire older woman's knee -why |
did that scrap OF such dear. old song |
affect you sos on. know you are hid
ing something from me. i promise
never 10 tell q soul II you win only
tell me. Please. Auntie Sasamlne.-
There was silence in the spacious.
lovely. old room for a time. Then with
4 smile that was half sigh. thu story
was told; the old, old story OF girIish
'oolishness and boyish pride.
Il had thought never to speak Of
ny life, Muriel. least Of all to . child
Ike yourself but prehaps It may save
Fou from similar fate Aunt Jasa-
nine began. as she stroked the shiuing
lnir. You know. dearie. that for
Iears and years have lived abroad
rying with travel. music and art to
lelp time pass. II Is nearly fourteen I
ears since ! left the dear old home.
four father. you know. Is my only
rother; We two we're left without our {
1otbcr when Tut little tots. and grew /
p under fbe care Of an induleent IA 7
her. / was too obstinate. honey: rlh
now II now much TO fond Of my own q
az.
I'm the old days courteney Falconer q
as a constant visitor In our home. I
ecepfed bis devotion as a matter Of q
purse. His love was an old story. for n
: children I had always been sweet
cart to him. II really seemed ~ 8
rough that were my name. He sell Il
1m called me Jasamine. unless hurt. Il
angry. We spoke Of the future a.
urs. Our home. our horses. our 81
lIs' or his affection there was no b.
,ubt. and I loved him. child. God only v
1ows bow much. still do. though Il
. years since we heard from him. e
hen he first went West he wrote TO W
. mother. but since her death there HI
u been absolute silence. or course. al
= considered Kentucky the only place a
earth. and Court loved the song.
& oui5 ca that account but for bls Of
The Nezperce herald. (Nezperce, Idaho) 1900-1957, 1908-05-21
lIlll)ll eEsasAI v1rw or RzE FazTls71cs oeoU,soS.

its absence. with the result that all tbs
edinces win be hreproof
The giant OF the palaces Is the ma.
chinery hall II Is the largest building
ever erected At any exhibition II cor
ers an area Of SIX acres. and consists
Of main building running northeast
and southwest. Joined together at the
south end By building Of similar con
struction. the whole resembling In de-
sign the letter u
One OF the most advanced STRUCTURES
is the palace OF wOman's work Anoth-
CT structure that Is nearing completion
is the Fine Arts palace The hanging
space for pictures in this edifice Is two
and half times greater than that at
the British Royal Academy.
Stadium Like Ronae,s.
A striking feature Is the great stadi-
I'm, built after the design Of the IA
nous Coliseum ut Rome Here wiz be
held the quadrenniaI Olympic games
in which 1t Is hoped all the civilized
countries Of the world will meet
Upward Of 1000 representative ath-
ietes win take part IN the varied con
tests. and the curves OF the running
track have been 50 delicafely calcu-
lated that runner win be able TO get
round a corner az full speed. Besides
athletic games Of every description.
great angling and fiy-casting tourna-
ments viii be held, and week In Ocfo-
Der will be devoted to games Of Rugby
and association football. lacrosse ana
hockey. while in the stadium the Aero
Club viii conduct a number Of flying
machine contests and competitions. The
attractions win be practically unlin-
tied.
The Nezperce herald. (Nezperce, Idaho) 1900-1957, 1908-05-21

4 save those who are forced oy hard
taskmasters TO be upon their way to
| work. the bicycle Is seen threading It's
way to mill and factory, Throughout
the day and night II may be seen con-
yeying the messenger boy upon his
leisurely way. There Is an occasional
-old-timer~ who still wheels for health
and pleasure lonely figure upon q
highway made noisy II not musical by
the honk OF the motor car. The sta
tisticians Of the census bureau tell q
melancholy tale OF the decline and fan
Of the bicycle as a pleasure vehicle.
In 1900 the bicycle industry paid
s10.oo0.ooo IN wages and salaries.
bought s1T.o00.0o0 worth OF materials
and employed 10000 Americana Since
then the business has slumped until
about $4,000 machines q year are
manufactured now. as against 400. 900 |
IN 1900 The 100000 persons who
bought bicycles IN 1900 are not motor
ing Most OF them are walking or rid |
Ing upon street cars From the stand |
point OF the consumer nothing has III
I'd the gap caused By the death OF the
bicycle craze. And ret bicycllsts were
never offered such opportunities for
pod sport as they are to-day.
Where there was one mile OF good
'oadway In and about the parks and
the country roads ten
ears ago there are ten to-day. Ten
ears ago a good bicycle cost SlO0. A
etter one may be bought today for
50 Both bicycling and the ownership
Z bicycle present simpler problems
han were presented to the cyclist In
be days when everybody rode.
Thar the bicycle craze was a craze ,
} ind;sputable. Many persons rode 10 ,
xcess- Many OF the physically unit. ,
} PHYSICIANS assert, rode despite their
More time and money and i
srve force were wasted upon the z
'ort than. In strict economy. should g
ave been devoted to II But IN the Z
ain bicycling was a wholesome.
faithful form OF recreation when II q
as expensive and arduous- II Is 5ust .
healthfuI since It has become mex
nsive and less wearing Its revival :
0uld be beneficial not only to manu- v
cturers and wage earners but also to