Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1908-06-22
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SsTRUCTIONs BY
THE FOREST SERVICE

what wood Preservation Means:
The cost of wood Is today big
an TO every farmer, every railroad
anager, every mine owner-to
X &parvone. in fact, who must use
K,ha, where It Is likely to decay.
IN reduce the expense of fence
,s railroad ties, mine timbers,
4 Z,aoranh poles, and other timbers
rieh must constantly be replaced
become a vital problem. The
snds NJ timber used for these pur-
nses are becoming scarcer and
sarcer and their prices higher and
,gher. Long misuse OF the forest
as brought It's sure result. Even
&S,sh the most efficient management
would be a long time before the
,nnIv of the best timbers would In
Tease in quantity or decrease in
There are two ways in which the
,,ration may be met. One Is to
4 ro,ong the life of the forest by
,se use: the other Is to prolong
~ l,fe of timbers In service by
Eating them with some preserva-
i've II is the second Of these meth
rds of economy which Is the sub
Loci of this circular.
n is easy TO see that IL the length
time tirnbers can be used Is
-Souhler. only half as much timber
IN he required as before and only
q 4ore.half as much money will need to
ba snent in the purchase OF tim
vDsr This is the chief gain In treat
Inc wood with preservatlves. Yet
z,here Is another and important one.
Many woods, which for long time
~sre considered almost worthless.
ran be treated and made to last as
<lone as the scarcer aud more expen-
n i've kinds. This OF course means
mat the consumer will have the
t,boIce of a much greater number Of
woods than he had before and at
hess cost.
Wood preservation, then, pro-
longs the life of timbers In use,
reduces their cost, and gives to the
rser n wider choice of woods than
ever before.
Methods OF preservation must be
varied for different localities and
different kinds of wood, and the
Forest Service has Issued several
Implications which deal with the
problems presented In different re-
slons. These publications and de-
tailed Information can be had upon
application TO the forester.
What Decay Is.
The decay OF a plant body, such
as wood. Is not an inorganic proc
ess like the rusting OF iron or the
erumblIng OF stone, but Is due TO the
activities OF low forms OF plant lie
called bacteria and fungi. Bac.
. .erla are among the simplest OF al
forms OF life. often consisting OF Dut
single cell, miscrospic In size.
Sometimes several such cells may De
attached to each other, and so form
thread or fIlament. Usually they
are colorless. and multiply by the di-
vision OF the parent cell into other
cells. which. in turn, divide again.
Fnngl. although much more com
plIcated than bacteria, are also 10"
in the scale of creation when COM
pared with familiar Towering plants
and shrubs. They consist merely
OF tiny threads or hyphae, which are
collectively known as the mycelium,
In many OF the higher forms OF fungl
the threads grow together to form
compact masses to tissue. Famillar
examples OF these forms are the
toadstools. which grow on damp
rotting logs, and the "punks' OF
Brackets" on the trunks OF trees
In the forest
The causes OF decay in wood. how
ever, are not these fruiting bodies
themselves. Spores, very primitive
substitutes for seed, which are