davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1908-01-05
FREIGHT AGENT ARRESTED.
Harry II. Beard, of HagerstOwn, Is
Charged with EmbeEEIement.

Special 10 The Washington Herald.
HagerstOwn. Md. Jan. 4.-Charged with
embezzling more than $4,000 from the
Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Company
Harry II. Beard. former freight agent
here was arrested this afternoon and
held by Justice Hartlein in $500 bond
for court.
The warrant for Beards arrest was
sworn out by ]. II. Green, travelling audi
tor for the railroad company, who was
accompanied by Carroll Bryan, represent
ing the United States Fidelity and
Guaranty Company. Baltimore. who had
bonded Beard for 5000 when he was ap-
pointed agent here.
3 The arrest OF Beard followed an exami-
nation Of his books by the auditors.
When the auditors arrived here Beard
fed TO Niagara Falls His friends got
him TO return and tried to fix up the
alleged shortage IN his accounts, but
failed.
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1908-01-05
ROMANCE OF SURF AND PHONE
Son of Wealthy Nan ana Hello"
Girl Wed in New York.

New York. Jan 4-The marriage Of
Miss Marjorie Conley and D. Perry VIII
son, just announced. was the result OF
another of the many romances that have
begun in the surf Two years ago Miss
Coniey who had come to New York from
Louisville, Ky, 20 earn her own living.
went TO Atlantic City on her vacation.
Size was an expert swimmer, but one
day. yenturing outside the life lines. she
became exhausted. and but for the aid
OF young man would probably have
drowned. The man was D. Perry VIII
SON. son of wealthy railroad man Of
Lock Haven. Pa. and a graduate of
Lehgh University.
Miss Conley and Mr.. Wilson became
friendly but when she returned to New
York they lost sight of each other. A
few months ago when Wilson was in town
lie telephoned 10 the Hotel Astor. and
the voice of the telephone operator was
familiar 10 him. He investigated and dis
covered that the voice belonged TO Miss
Conley. They were married on New
Years Day.
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1908-01-05
NO HOPE FOR LOST STEAMER
Fear that Mount Royal Has Gone
to the Bottom.
Had 400 Persons Aboard When She
sailed from Antwerp on
December

Montreal. Jan. 4-That the big liner
Mount Royal has foundered with her
company of 4o4 on board has come to be
almost conviction of the officials of
the Canadian Pacific Railway Company
here Tonight they are holding out
little hope TO the crowds of anxious rela-
tves and friends that besiege their Of
fees.
Not one word has been heard from
the steamer since she cleared from
Antwerp December T. Vessels that COW
cred the route taken by her since her
departure have seen no trace of her.
Almost the last vestige of hope vanished
to-day with the arrival of the steamer
Hungarian. Of the Allen line. al Port
land. Me 1t was thought she might be
towing the Mount Royal, but her captain
has Ielegraphed that he saw no trace
Of the Canadian vessel. although during
its entire passage his vessel encountered
mountainous waves.
If the Mount Royal has gone TO the
Port of Missing Ships" her disappear
ance will probably never be solved. Did
she catch IRE in midocean, did she strike
a sunken wreck and sink before boats
could be launched, or did her Old boilers
give way under undue pressure of steam?
are questions shipping men here are ask
ing. but there is 10 one to answer.
= peculiar fact is that the Mount Royal
was in collision on December % on
Antwerp with the steamer Larinda. She
was reported uninjured then, but now It
is feared her plates may have been start
ed and the divers not to have discovered
H. With weakened structure. she might
have proven easy prey for the hammeTing
waves, and it is feared she may have
gone 10 the bottom during a gale.
Capt. Purcell, commanding the Mount
Royal, is an old-time ocean navigator and
a careful man.
The steamer is Of 1853 tons. and was
huilt in 1885
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1908-01-05
CROTHERS IS SILENT
Maryland's GOvern0r-elect Is
Mum on Appointments.
NO POLITICIAN us NEXT"
Announces He VIII Have Something
to Say Tomorrow - VIII Be In
day-TO BE Notified of Plans for
Ceremony on Tuesday Evening.

Baltimore, Jan. 4-Austin L. Crothers
will be inaugurated governor Of Mary
land next Wednesday. but so far he has
not indicated who viii be his secretary Of
State or private secretary. both OF whom
will go into Office with him.
Neither has he announced publicly who
will preside over the feminine end Of the
Executive Mansion. The governor-elect
is a bachelor.
"CrOthers was known as the silent
man when he was in the State senate.
said the jovial Charlie" Councilman, Of
Baltimore County, Democratic politician
and alfalfa grower, in the lobby Of the
Rennert Hotel to-day. when he was at
Annapolis nobody knew when he was
going to act. He kept his own counsel
then as he is keeping it now regarding
his appointments"
Now In EIktOH.
Judge Crothers is at his home at Elk
ton to-day, working on his inaugural ad-
dress. He took a two-hour drive in the
country this morning. and on his return
was asked if he would give the names Of
his secretary Of State and private secre-
tary. He said he would announce on
Monday morning whom he would appoint
to these positions, but until then he
would have nothing to give out.
Judge CrOthers is sustaining his rep
utation as the silent man" II he has
conhded his intentions 10 any one at
all, his cOnfidants are keeping his secrets
better than most cOnfdants keep Sc
crets- Even in the way Of gossip there
is very little that is tangible to be
obtained
In the case Of every other governor
electedzin the last two decades there
have been indications pointing to the
selection OF this or that man for this
or that place: but thus far. 10 one
seems 10 be next" to the governor
elect. Men who usually have an insight
/ into such matters are baffied this time.
VIII BE Governor.
! one thing seems pretty well assured.
and that is that Crothers is going TO
be governor. IT IS the handwriting on
| the wall that If there are collars in
\ the administration they Will be labeled
/ ''Crothers." and other people VIII wear
/ them. No one regarded as being wise
on things political viii express the
/ opinion that the new governor is go
/ ing TO wear anybody else's collar.
Plans are being matuTed for the in
auguration next Wednesday, and there
is i great demand for seats on the
governors special" This train will
bear the governor-elect TO Annapolis.
He has invited a number Of personal
/ friends from Elkton and other places
[ 10 occupy his private car with him.
while the others officially invited. will
! be in the remaining coaches. There
will be several special trains and char
/ tered steamers. in addition to the regu-
I lar trains to carry sightseers to the
capital for the ceremonies
Members of the legislative inaugural
] committee have been asked 10 meet
the governor elect al the Hotel Reunert
next Tuesday evening al o'clock. The
purpose Of the meeting Is TO formally
notify him of the plans for his inaugu-
ration on the following day.
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1908-01-05
FAIR ASSOCIATION ELECTS.
HagersfOwn Organization Has Ex-
citing Time with Ballots.

HagerstOvyn Organization Has Ex-
citing Time with Ballots.
Special to The Washington Herald.
Hagerstown. Nd. Jan. 4.-The election
of officers and directors OF the Hagers-
town Fair Association, held this after
noon. was one of the most exciting in
many years. resulting as follows:
President, John ". St0nebrakeT; vice
president, George W. Smith, jr.; record
ing secretary, D. H. StaIey; corresponding
secretary, Palmer Tenant; treasurer, D.
w. Reichard; directors. John ". Gable,
Frank W. Mish. George H. Hager, J. E.
Stonebraker, William H. Howard, Albert
Heard, N Findlay Seibert, Lewis r.
Schnebly, ". NJ. Huyett, and Senator
Harry K. Baker.
The only member Of the old board not
reelected was former State Senator 3
Abner Belts. a director who had been put
by his friends against MI. StOnebrakeT
for the presidency. He is succeeded on the
board by Senator Baker. who last fall de-
feated Mr.. Belts, who was the Democratic
candidate for the State senate.
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1908-01-05
Winehester Man Dead.

Special to The Washington Herald.
Winchester Va, Jan. Capt. John r.
Harmer. aged seventy-four. one of the
best known residents Of Winchester, died
to-day after a lingering Illness. Mr.
Harmer served with conspicuous bravery
in the Confederate army Later he was
prominently identified with the Winches-
ter fire department, being captain Of the
Union Company. He Is survived by one
son, John Harmer, and one daughter,
Miss Marion Harmer; also a brother,
Edgar r. Harmer, and sister, Mrs. j.
II. Cummings, Of Syracuse, n. Y.
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1908-01-05
SOUTHERN RATE WAR ENDS.
Virginia Accepts Schedule of Two
and "a Half Gents Mile.

The fight between the Southern railroads
ana the States OF Virginia, North Caro-
lima, Georgia. and alabama over railroad
rates, which has been in the courts Of the
various States and in the Federal courts
for several months past, and has been the
subject of several conferences between
the governors of those States, is to end
in an agreement fixing intTastate and in
teTstate rates iii those States at practi-
cally 2la cents a mile.
The last obstacle in the way of the set
uement has been removed by unofficial in
formation received from Richmond last
night that the railroad commission Of
Virginia had agreed TO accept that rate
In lieu of the 2-cent rate fixed by the Vira
ginia legislature
The placing Of the Seaboard Air Line in
the hands of q receiver. it is believed, had
considerable to do with the decision said
to have been reached in Richmond yes
terday.
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1908-01-05
Tobacco Crop Disahpoints.

Special to The Washington Herald.
Lynchburg, Va. Jan. 4.--That the
tobacco crop of 1907 Is proving to be
a disappointment to the buyers on the
local market. is an announcement that
comes with this weeks report of local
sales. The impression made by early
reports from the district was that the
crop would be one of the best cured in
this section for a number of years
The offerings thus far. however. have
proven the crop TO be off in size. texture.
and color, though rather larger IN body
than the crop of 1905.
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1908-01-05
EDITOR IN ROMANCE
Mr.. J. P. Caldwell, Of Char
lOtte, Is a Bridegroom.
MARRIEs HIS DIVORCED WIFE
Ceremony Performed in PaTlOrs Of
the Metropolitan Hotel in the Pres
ence of Mutual Friends-First We'd
ded in 1900 Against Wishes of the
Brides Parents-DkOrce Resulted.

\ romance which began several years
ago in the Office of the Charlotte N. c.
Observer. passed through one marriage
ceremony dn 1860, and through the Dakota
divorce court. eliminated yesterday in
this city in the remarrage of the parties
in the parlors OF the Metropolitan Hotel.
1t was at noon that Mr.. J. p. Caldwell,
the distinguished editor of the Charlotte
Observer, led for the second time to the
altar Mrs. Addie Williams Caldwell Rev.
Donald c. Macleod pastor of the First
Presbyterian Church, performed the cere-
mony, and the happy bride Of forty-five
summers and the bridegroom of fifty
four winters are now somewhere in the
North celebrating the honeymoon.
Witnessed by Friends.
The marriage ceremony was performed
in the presence Of few friends Of the
couple Mr.. Caldwell teIegraphed Mrs.
Caldwell from Charlotte in New York,
where she was spending the winter, to
meet him here Among those who saw
the marriage was Adelaide Pearson Cald-
well, the little daughter of Mr.. and Mrs.
Caldwell, who was celebrating her sixth
birthday anniversary
In 1850, on September g. Mr.. and Mrs.
Caldwell were married in New York. At
that time some objection to the match
was made on the part of Mr.. Caldwelrs
children by his first wife who died about
nfteen years ago. Though married Mr.
and Mrs. Caldwell did not live together
Mr. Caldwell returned 10 Charlotte and
she remained in New York The differ
ence IN the family continuing, Mrs Cald-
well went TO Sioux Falls, S Oak. where
she procured divorce in 1858. Since she
has spent most Of her time in New York
Last summer she lived in Charlotte.
Mr.. Caldwell's older children, Mrs D.
II. Mccullough of Panama, and Mrs. J..
II TaliaferTO Of New Yorl, and MIR.
Frank NJ. Caldwell. OF Charlotte, are now
grown.
Ate spending several days in the North
AR and Mrs. Caldwell viii go TO Char
lotte, where they viii be given cordial
welcome by their friends
An Able Editor.
Mr. Caldwell us editor and part owner
Of the Charlotte Observer. is one of the
leading newspaper men of the South. His
editorials are among the most brilliant
and most attractive. In 1896 he bOted
Bryan, and made his paper independent.
He is able, popular. and courageous. His
father was member of Congress and his
younger sister is the wife of ex-Con-
gresham T. r. Kluttz of North Caro-
Ina. His family e ,ae OF the best in
the State
Mrs. Caldwell is the only daughter of
Col Louis Williams, of Charlotte, and
her maiden name was Addie White Viii
iiams. She served as city editor of the
Charlotte Observer for "A number of years.
That is where she and Mir. Caldwell first
met.
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1908-01-05
Entertains Her Young Friends.

Special 10 The Washington Herald
Laurel, Nd. Jan. AT a enjoyable
party given by Miss Elsie Baldwin,
daughter OF Mr.. and Mrs. George Bald
win, at her residence on Prince George
street, those present were Misses Ger
trude Petit, Mary Bond, Myrtle Fairall,
Naomi Shaffer Mamie Laughlin, Elsie
Baldwin. Messrs. Carl Bond, W. Thaw-
ley, Herbert Blundon, Clarence John
son. Edgar Spilman, and Clifford John
son; Mr.. and Mrs. Frank L. Little,
Eugene Little, Mr.. and Mrs. George
Baldwin, and Mr. and Mrs. Ernest
Little, OF Washington.
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1908-01-05
GIVES 100000 MORTGAGE.
Virginia Portland Cement COM
psny VIII Improve Plant.

staunton, Va, Jan A mortgage Of
s2,eoo0o0 has been given by the Virginia
Portland Cement Company Of Craigsville,
for enlarging and improving its plant.
This is perhaps the largest industry in
Augusta County and already employs
nearly LOCO men.
The State tax alone on the mortgage
will amount to 5000 TIE plant is like
a small city IN itself, operating its own
cars and engines and covering many
acres OF ground. When the Improvements
are complete 1t Will be one Of the largest
cement plants in America
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1908-01-05
Death of chis,,eII Dabney, Jr.

Lynchburg, Va, Jan. 4.-Chiswell Dab
ney, jr., son of DR.. Chiswell Dabney. of
Chatham died last night at his country
estate in Franklin County. He was thirty
three years old, and had been i'll several
years Of tuberculosis. In addition to his
parents, he is survived by three sisters
and a brother, Mrs. E. Z. Head, of
Lynchburg; Mrs. c. T. Jennings, of Roa-
noke; Miss Dabney, of Chatham, and Ed
mund Dabney, of Lynchburg.
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1908-01-05
Montgomery Vital statistics.

SPECIAL to The Washington Herald.
Boyds, Nd. Jan. 4.-Dr. William L.
Lewis. of KensingtOn. Montgomery COun-
~. makes an interesting report on the
vital statistics of the health of Mont
gomery County. The report, which closes
the year, shows: Births, white, $40; col
ored. lis; deaths, white. 212. colorcd. 1871.
The principal causes of death from tubeT-
culosis. white. "a: colored. IS: pneumonia,
white. "A: colored, p; typhoid fever. Z;
cancer, u.
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1908-01-05

Lynehburg, Va, Jan 1.-The funeral Of
Gen. John G. Meem. who died in Wash
ngton, took place here to-day from the
residence of his daughter. Mrs. Randolph
Haarson The service OF the Episcopal
Church was. conducted by DR.. w. a.
Barr, of st. Psurs. The palIbearers were
relatives of the deceased
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1908-01-05
Cooper-Everhardt.

Special to The Washington Herald.
Laurel, Nd, Jan. Miss Lucy Ever
harGt Of Laurel, and Mr.. Arthur
Cooper. of Virginia. were married yes
terday. at the home of the bride, in
Howard County near Laurel The cere-
mony was performed by Rev, S. NJ.
Hartsock. pastor of the Centenary
Methodist Episcopal Church, of Laurel
They will make their home in Yir-
GINA.
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1908-01-05
MAKE WAR ON LIQUOR.
salisbury Citizens Urge Special
Election for Drink Question.

spoeial to The Washington Herald
Salisbury, n. c., Jan. 4.-Four hun
dred petitioners last night requested
salisbury's board OF aldermen to Or
der a special election for the purpose
of voting all the distilleries and sa-
looms out OF this city The election is
to be held early in April and much
temperance work is being done by the
Anti-Saloon League.
Salisbury is one of four cities in
North Carolina where liquor is now
sold, and most of the cities in South
Carolina are supplied from this place.
The campaign will be a hot one.
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1908-01-05
Norfolk Jury Fails at verdict.

Norfolk, Va, Jan 4-The eoroner's
jury examining into the murder Of Mrs.
Mary Lawless Rorschaeh, wife of Lieut.
Frank Rorschach L. S. n, shot down
by an intruder in her Portsmouth home
before daylight on September 6, again ad-
jouTned without reaching a verdict to-
day 1t was expected that an indictment
would be returned by the jury this after
noon
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1908-01-05
Confederate veteran Die.

Special 70 The Washington HeTald.
Salisbury. n. c., Jan. William
Raney, aged seventy-five years, one of
Rowan Countys best known farmers,
died at his home, near Salisbury, last
night. following a brief illness. He
was a Confederate veteran. and served
with great valor during the civil war.
Surviving him are three daughters, a
son, and 2 widow.
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1908-01-05
RENT STRIKE IN CHICAGO.
Young Girls Parade Ghetto In
citing Tenants 10 Rise.

Chicago, Jan. A mass meeting of
Ghetto residents has been called at Work
iI'gmen's Hail tomorrow to emulate the
New York rent strikers.
Young girls this afternoon paraded the
congested parts of the tenement district
bearing banners with English and Yid-
dish inscriptions melting the tenants to
rise against the tyranny of laLdlords'
The campaign is being conducted by
Socialists. IL is expected the meeting will
be attended by hundreds of tenants of
the larger tenements. The police will be
present 10 prevent iufiammatory speeches.
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1908-01-05
Reports on Army Enlistments.

Stanton, Va, Jan. Corp. A. D.
Johnson, of the recruiting department
United States army, with headquarters in
Staunton, has made a report for the year
ended December 81, 1907, showing that 551
recruits have been mustered in from the
Southwestern district of Virginia. Lynch
burg furnished 40, Roanoke "a, Bluefield
n, DanviIe %, and stanton 20.
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1908-01-05
ADOPT REVISED BYLAWS.
Members Of Pennsylvania Society
Meet at Pythian Temple.

Revised bylaws We're adopted last
night at the regular meeting of the Penn
sylyania Society in their rooms in the
Pythian Temple A report OF member
ship was read. which showed that the
society has gained ferty-six members
since its organization more than a year
ago. and now has 10 names on the MEM
bership role.
In the absence of the president, Mr..
Samuel R. stratter the vice president,
Mrs C. n. Pepper, presided over the
meeting,
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1908-01-05
FIVE BREAK JAIL.
Dig Their Way Through a Brick
Wall TO Freedom.

Hagerstown. an. Five prisoners con-
fined in the Washington County Jail dug
their way to freedom through the brick
outside wall OF the prison some time be-
tween midnight and this morning and
are now al large.
Sheriff George w. Earnshaw and
force Of deputies are in pursuit of the
fugitiyes, with but little hope Of over
taking them, as they had several hours
start. The prisoners are Henry G. Wier-
man. Edward Van Arsdale. Roeful Wills,
John Hohing, and Buck" Borne. Their
escape was not discovered until : o'clock
this morning.
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1908-01-05
Crabhs MilI Pronertv SoId.

Special 10 The Washington Herald.
Laurel. Md, Jan. 4.-The old Crabs
mill property has been purchased by
an out-of-toWn stock company, and
viii be used for a finishing
foundry. This mill was formerly con-
Quoted by the late Col. B. F. Crabs as
q flour mill
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1908-01-05

Special to The Washington Herald.
Petersburg, Va, Jan AIRS Louisa
Clarinda Cameron, wife of ex-Gov. Will
lam E. Cameron. of this State, now editor
of the Virginian Pilot newspaper of
Norfolk, died at the residence Of her son,
at Louisa Court House, to-day, after
weeks illness, of pneumonia.
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1908-01-05
Funeral of Lynchburg Lawyer.

I.ynchburg, Va. Jan. 4-The funeral Of
Edward S. Brown hester, Of the Lynch
burg bar, who died Friday morning, took
place to-day from Court Street Methodist
Church, Dr. R. II. Bennett conducting
the service The Bar Association at
tended in body.
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1908-01-05
Fire Causes $4,000 Damages.

Petersburg. Va. ian. 4-Fire broke out
tonight in the cellar of the dry goods
store of the Wood Westbrook Company,
on Sycamore street The stock, valueS at
$4,000. was practically destroyed by
smoke and water.
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1908-01-05
Will EMPLOY 10000 MEN.
Cleveland Industrial Establishments
to Resume Business.


to Resume Business.
Cleveland, Ohio Jan. 4-Ten thousand
men are TO resume their places in the in
dustrial establishments of this city Mon
day morning
J. X. Tanner. president OF the manu-
factugers information bureau, so an
nouneed to-day.
One hundred and fifty thousand dollars
viii be put into circulation n wages here
next week.
Mr.. Tanner added to his announcement
which he declares is positive. The pFedic-
ton that within a fortnight all Cleveland
industries viii be operating full blast
after a lay-on of several weeks. in some
cases of two months and half, due TO
financial striRgency.
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1908-01-05
GIVE DINNER TO wARFIELDs.
President and Mrs. Fell, of St. Johns
College Act as Hosts.


College Act as Hosts.
Special TO The Washington Herald
Annapolis, Md. Jan. 4.-President and
Mrs. Thomas Fell. of st. Johns College,
gave a farewell dinner at their residence
on the college campus tonight, in honor
of the governor and Mrs. Warfield, who
viii leave Annapolis next week upon the
retirement OF the governor from office.
Those present were the governor and
Mrs Warfield. Capt Charles ]. Badger.
superintendent OF the Naval Academy.
and Mrs. Badger: Commander William S.
Benson. commandant of midshipmen. and
Mrs. Benson; Rear Admiral John Schou-
Ter, Of the navy retired. and Mrs Schou-
Ter; Rear Admiral Thomas T. CasWeli, OF
the navy, retired, and Mrs. John Writ
Randall, all Of Annapolis.
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1908-01-05
Lnurel Masons EIect omcers.

Special TO The Washington Herald.
Laurel. Md, Jan. Laurel Wreath
Lodge. Ancient Free and Accepted Ma
sons, have elected the following officers
fer the coming term:
Worshipfui master-Thomas Baldwin,
jr.
Senior warden-John Jones.
Junior warden-GeOrge w. Waters,
jr.
SecretaTy-L0uis " LuheG
Treasurer-Thomas n. Young.
The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1908-01-05
Aged Virginia Editor pies.

Stanton Va. Jan. News of the
death of a. J. Stofer has reached staun-
ton from Culpeper Mr.. Stofer was eighty
five years old and was owner and editor
of the Culpeper Observer, which he es-
tablished over fifty years ago.