The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1908-06-23
ny rnEDpRIC 3. HAsix1N.

situation end BIO "a lesson to other
municipalities OF less progressive spi-
large citieu, lesson in decreasing the
needlcss lpss Of life among the infants
Of this country IN nine Mn large elites
9f the United states so9 out Of syery
age OF one year. New York City alone
lost 17,437 last year The. chances for
sseh newborn ,oo babe to live for o., one !,
wee nne are ess only e hsss O.
to live y year are less only than those
Of a man OF eighty, According to Dr..
Winters. " Cornell Medical College.
one,th'ra Of all e III born o. not
the states the mortality OF babies un-
der year ranges from 2Y4.5 per thou
sand In the District Of Columbia e
ios LARGE Rse eitles Shareston With her
great negro population, was found 70
lead in infant mortality with Al9.s.
out OF every thousand born there. and
Los Angeles came last, with lis per
thousand.
Bearing these striking and pitItnl
facts In, mind, the nation Is awaken
ton that viii protect babies until they
are old enough to withstand most child
hood ailments. The majority, OF dis
eases Of babies come from lack OF nu,
from contagious diseases trough. n
milk. The greatest mortality Is among
the babies OF factory women. These
must be left at home all day and ne
fort is now being made by physicians
to have mothers feed their babies 1T
their breast. II this were done, the
death rate would be reduced one-third
or one.ha!f. and the sick list four
kfths. France. in her great effort to
reverse conditions that have made her
death rate greater than her birth rate,
las instituted in many instances the
t.. ~ vnf ttv,r ne
In factories, where mothers may nurse
their babies at regular intervals with
out loss of pay.
chin II the the s. year so Of is NE milk
! The present educational campaign is to
so interest mothers that they will
either feed their babies themselves or
secure the best possible milk for this
that is so big, for where from ten to
eleven per cent OF breast-fed babies
die. thrty.hve and half per cent. OF
artificially fed babies meet an early
| of general education that will extend
from the homes OF the 100000 people
whose dairies prepare the milk. to the
| hcmes OF she S0.00o,00o people who con-
sumo It. Last fall thirty-five experts
met in Washington to talk the matter
over, and decided that milk, to be ac-
ceptable. must show no more than TO-
600 bactArn to the cubic centimeter
Il
/ 600 to 100000 bacteria to twenty drops.
To render the babies share of this
milk pure and digestible Is the problem
OF the medical and philanthropic peo-
New York City uses 4oo.ooo.ooo quarts
OF the annual output OF the dairies
and SO FAR has science taken hold
total milk supply Of the city is pas
teurized. Because of this work on the
part Of New York philanthropists led
by Nathan Straus and his seventeen
mortality has been marked. There are
i enough babies In New York City tc
Keep these seventeen depots and as
many more busy all the year around
Abont 5000 babies are born In New
York each summer, and until the es-
Establishment of the straus depots
where a,ooo are fed daily. the death
Was ss2 per thousand for all the year
i 1864 per thousand In the summer. Now
It is slightly over so per thousand al
the year and 81 per thousand in the
The present New York movement re,
presents a combination OF physicians
workers from, city hospitals. charitable,
and municipal organizations. nurseries
and diet kitchens, who find an urgen
need for their aiding the city Healt.
Department. They have been working
as separate and independent organiza
lions tic for the past few years. Now the,
curing better results from co-opera
ton. More than eighty nurses vii
be Installed for the summer work, ant
have been born since April LIST. and vii
give the mothers the necessary nstruc
ton In properly feeding. dressing an.
caring for them. A volunteer corp
VIII be formed.
in the estahiishing Of milk depot
eoua be- m1 furnsbea Bs mill
Peeor. Or. Henry Kopiik reported ii
!, 1890 that no had opened a laborator
at Eastern Dispensary, New York City
, tinued ts!s a I the Good Samaritan Dis
pensaries IN 1883 and Paris in 1ss:
, IN 1893 Nathan straIs began com
milk dlspensaries in New York CIT,
a movement that was recommended n
Worid-wide policy at the second In
l 5laI{ Pure MIX Congress 4
Now from Mr.. Strauss aI labo nsea mad,
, depots about s,ooo,ovo bottles and i
!. every season.
; Only three municipalities are on re
cord as bearing the expense of thei
m t,,k depots. Rochester, N. Y, starte
a trained nurse on the farm and on
9 at each lispensary. Cincinnati estat
I lished two last year to run in SUNNI e
! months. and Jersey City opened ~
last year to run all through the yea
y cambridge, Mass, has Ave summer de
t pots that are now two years old. an
that are supported by combinatio
r OF private philanthropy and public ar
4 propriation. Philadelphia, Clevelan,
Y Chicago. Baltimore. Column bus, Toled
y and Boston all have depots that al
open the year around. In addition to
+ greataE number IN NEST Of these tht
are open IN summer. Chicago lead
In the number OF depots, having tive,
$ ty-elght In all. and keeping twcnt,
d two open all the year round. Yonk er
o Pittsburg, st. Louis, Cambridge, PROV
! dence, Kansas City and New Bedfor
s Keep SUMMER stations.
g The support that Is not mnnicip:
q comes from various sources. Indlvie
: uals contribute liberally; children
: hospital societies make this an integr,
a part OF their work Babies milk funt
y are clubs that are not fads. but repre-
sent wide and commemorate phlial
!, thropy. Medical associations, nurse
clubs and pure milk commissions al
= leading contributors, Every depot hs
9 either a trained nurse or physical
= in charge. and milk modified to 81
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