davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Shepherdstown register. [volume] (Shepherdstown, Va. [W. Va.]) 1849-1955, 1908-01-16

1t depends upon the pill you take.
DeWitt's Little Early Risers are the
best pills known for constipation and
sick headache. Sold by Remnants
Pharmacy.
Shepherdstown register. [volume] (Shepherdstown, Va. [W. Va.]) 1849-1955, 1908-01-16
The great Northwestern Railway

The great northwestern halI"dY
has gone "dry." A recent news item
from Omaha says that %. 900 employ
ees of the system, which has 1000
miles of road, have taken the pledge,
and all the balance will be asked to
do 30.
Shepherdstown register. [volume] (Shepherdstown, Va. [W. Va.]) 1849-1955, 1908-01-16
Col. Robert Il. Thomas, originator

OUI. hUUeII u 1HOIHao, VI IhIH''VO1
of the famous Changers picnic at Will
liams Grove, Pa, died at his home at
Mechanicsburg last week, aged 70
years. He organized the annual pic
mic in 1874, and it has been wonder.
fully successful ever since.
Shepherdstown register. [volume] (Shepherdstown, Va. [W. Va.]) 1849-1955, 1908-01-16

Capt. John R. Harmer, aged "A
years, died at his home in Wiuches-
ter last week. He was a well-known
Confederate veteran.
Shepherdstown register. [volume] (Shepherdstown, Va. [W. Va.]) 1849-1955, 1908-01-16
A Card.

This is to certify that all druggists
are authorized to refund your money If
Foley's Honey and Tai fails to cure
your cough or cold. Itstops the cough,
heals the lungs and prevents pneumonia
and consumption. Contains no opiates.
The genuine is in a yellow package.
Refuse substitutes. Hills Pharmacy.
Shepherdstown register. [volume] (Shepherdstown, Va. [W. Va.]) 1849-1955, 1908-01-16
Established $40.
- ? cooxE 'DE
Washington, Alexander, & Cook;'
INSURANCE.

of the Largest Agencies In the Stale
LIFE INSURANCE
Hartford &
pnyhav
ctionan the best
IRE INSURANCE
Lyerpoo
ENGLAND Hartford
SN'N"'0
heel
eAssoeat o
SURETY BONDS
navy
pan
D
nyoI ellussW lpegiv p
promptly adjusted PINE
lerksO N
Local Agents,
A Harper ".
Wesoict asontin patronage
Respect WAsHlNGIoN ALnAANDA'% 800
Shepherdstown register. [volume] (Shepherdstown, Va. [W. Va.]) 1849-1955, 1908-01-16
Hardware Department.

Bar Iron Nails, Horse Shoes, Large
Iron Wash Kettles, Brass, Copper
and Porcelain Kettles, Skillets,
Waffle Irons, Trace, Butt, Cow and
Halter Chains, Farm Bells, Screen
Doors and Windows, American
Fence Wire, Barbed Wire, Saws,
Black Hawk Corn Shelters, Lawn
Mowers, Files, All Sizes Bolts,
Loaded Shells Powder and Shot.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1908-05-07

bama 1t is best to pillow and harrow
the land before sowing the seed. Cover
seed of vetch and grain two or three
inches.
Vetch thrives on a great variety of
sandy, clayey and lime soils, including
the poorest, which it generally en-
riches Land for vetch need not be
free from weeds and trash. Seed can
be sown among the growing cotton
plants without breaking the land. Two
hundred to 400 pounds of acid phos-
plate or guano per acre is usually ad-
visable. If the soil is very acid six
to eight barrels of lime per acre, irst
slaked, will be useful.
Vetch serves the same uses and
makes about the same yield Of hay and
the same improvement in the land as
crimson clover. Hairy vetch is hard
Ter, being less apt to be killed by very
dry weather as soon as it terminates
or by cold in winter. Hairy vetch re-
quires more seed Cat least forty pounds
per acre for perfect stand alone) and
greater expense for thick seeding. Hairy
vetch, unlike crimson clover, can be
made to reSeed the soil, making 1t pos
sible to begin with only few pounds
of seed per acre at a slight cost.
Hay of mixture Of hairy vetch and
beardless wheat can be cut just as the
vetch begins to bloom in April. After
this early cutting there will be sufti-
cient growth of vetch to reseed the
land. Or a mixture OF red rust PROOF
oats and hairy vetch can be cut for hay
May / to May Is, leaving long stub
bic, with little chance for the Vetch to
reseed the land. Or a mixture of turf
oats and vetch can be cut for grain
(ripe oats and vetch seed) June to 20,
by which time enough ripe vetch seed
will have scattered to reSeed the land
Or a mixture of hairy vetch and red
rust proof oats can be cut for grain
when overripe and partially scattered
early in June, thus reseeding the land
Vetch seed falling on the ground in
May or June remains sound and comes
up in August or September without
any need to plow the land. Meantime
a summer crop of drilled or broadcast
COW peas, sorghum, late corn, etc, can
be grown
If vetch is grazed the stock should
be removed by April 20 to permit re-
seeding. All summer crops grown after
a good stand of vetch are well fertil-
lied by the nitrogen in the vetch vines
GNU SllbJlS. Inc NSlSii pletllL anu
Vetch Stubble are about as valuable as
fertilizer as are the COW pea plant and
COW pea stubble. Vetch affords eX-
ceeGingly nutritious grazing and hay
that has proved equal pound for pound
to wheat bran and a little better than
COW pea hay.
A farmer who devotes considerable
of his land each winter to vetch or
crimson clover Cd rapidly improves his
soil by the nitrogen that these plants
take from the air and add to the soil;
CD reduces his fertilizer bills by grow
ing instead of buying his nitrogen; (3)
has available in May hay SO rich that
he can reduce the amount of corn fed
to his team; (4) increases the number
of cattle, hogs, horses and mules that
his farm can support.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1908-05-07
THE DOUBLEA SMOOTHING HARROW

This farm implement is one Of the
most useful of the many used in pre-
pairing the soil for a crop, also it is
very useful in cultivating corn, beans
and potatoes just before they come up
and when they arc from two to sin
inches tall.
1t is very simple Of construction if the
directions are followed. The list Of
material required is as follows: Five
pieces 3x3 inches, 5 feet long, dressed
oak; one piece 3x3 inches, feet long,
dressed oak; one piece 3x3 inches, 8
feet long, dressed oak; one piece 3x3
inches, 2 feet long, dressed oak; %
bolts Ax37a inches. 10 bolts 1zx5
inches, 2 bolts 1axs inches, ~ Is Inch
harrow teeth.
If you have a floor made of narrow
flooring to work on lay the tongue OF
center piece straight with u crack in
the floor, next lay the wings or side
rails in position with a spread of g
feet. Cut both pairs OF side rails with
the same slant, fasten the rear pair
one foot behind the front one.
When these five pieces are in place
nail three or four light pieces crosswise
to hold things in position while you
lay off the three cross bars.
Lay the three cross bars in position,
mark beneath and notch them in half
way lido not notch the teeth raiD. When
notched out put in place and bolt
them on. Put the bolts through from
the top and rivet on the taps.
After cutting out the side rails and
before boiling them in position lay of
the holes for the harrow teeth and
bore them. Then turn the piece Of tim
Der over and bore one hole between
each two holes for the teeth; these are
for the a Inch bolts to keep the teeth
from splitting.
If more convenient the boring of the
teeth holes may be omitted until the
frame is put together. When you bore
the holes for the teeth let them all
slant backward about As degrees. For
the * -inch teeth use a Is Inch bit to
bore the holes, then pick out a tooth
somewhat smaller than the rest and
burn the holes just enough that the
teeth will drive in good and tight.
Set the teeth in diamond fashion
that is, so the edge Of the tooth will
strike the soil.
| Any kind of attachment convenient
may be used to hitch team to harrow.
Care should be taken in setting the
teeth that they will not track each
other.
The edges of these timbers may be
champered off before painting.
Before using give two good neavy
coats of paint. Do this during the win
ter and have the harrow ready tie E.r-
row the garden with That will, OF
should be, the first use you will have
for it. Kept in the dry harrow made
| like the above will last fifteen to TWEEN
| tv years.. Wesley Griffin, Warsaw,
! KY.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1908-05-07
POINTS IN TURKEY RAISING

Hen turkeys sell best in market.
Young turkeys relish hard boiled
eggs
For mating medium sized gobblers
are best
A medium sized carcass is the most
salable.
Breed from choice old hens as long
as they live.
The turkey roosts should be broad
and not round.
Indigestion is produced by overfeed-
ing and lack of range.
Inbreeding produces club-footed and
i'll conditioned birds.
For a fve-acre lot three broods of
little turkeys are enough
The ideal food for young turkeys is
scalded curd or ordinary Dutch cheese.
A good fattening food for turkeys is
mashed potatoes mixed with cornmeal.
This can be varied with shelled corn.
If the turkey is the least bit ailing it
will show it. The head will be drawn
down between it's shoulders and it will
refuse food.
Young turkeys must be housed dur
ing damp or rainy weather and not
let out in the morning until the dew is
off the grass.
BOOSTS should never be over two feet
from the ground Lameness is often
produced by flying up and over a high
roost
The stock should be changed every
third year to prevent inbreeding.
For looseness of the bowels a little
extract of dogwood in the drinking wa
ter is recommended.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1908-05-07
CREAM SEPARATOR is ESSENTIAL

The cream separator is one of the
essentials to success in dairying That
it pays for itself many times over in a
year is the verdict of thousands of
dairymen who have tried it and been
convinced. 1t is no longer an expert
ment, but well-established labor saw
ing, protit-earning machine.
In experiments at the Indiana station
Professor F. 0. Hunziker demonstrated
that the hand separator saves from
$3.50 to $500 worth or butter fat per
year from each cow On a herd of
Il dozen COWS or more this means
quite an item to the dairyman.
Some of the advantages of the hand
separator over the gravity system as
shown in the experiments at the In
diana station were that the separator
skins a richer cream and a better
quality of cream and skim milk can
be produced than with the gravity
system. 1t takes out all the dirt, so
that skim milk from the separator is
practically free of any foreign mat
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1908-05-07

ter that may have gotten through the
strainer into the whole milk Any
one who has had experience with a
separator will readily recognize the
truth of this from the amount of slime
that accumulates on the inside of the
separator bowl This is a conclusive
proof that one of the ways to produce
clean, sanitary milk is by using a
cream separator. Run it through the
machine and then mix the cream back
into the skim milk in the desired pro-
portion.
In the experiment mentioned above
it was found that neglect to thorough
ly clean the separator after each sep
aration reduces the Swimming efficien-
cy of the machine and lowers the
quality of the cream and butter pro-
duced. Therefore it is advisable to
keep the machine clean. 1t should be
thoroughly washed after each separa-
ton. The usual way is to run luke
warm water through it first to flush
it out and then take to pieces and
wash all parts thoroughly in warm, not
hot, water After they are clean, scald
thoroughly. Hot water for washing
will cause the casein of the milk to
coagulate and render it difficult to
remove, and in case it is not removed
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1908-05-07
POULTRY HINTS FOR THE BEGINNER
BY M. x. BOYER.


In buying stock either pullets or
yearling hens should be selected.
Where it is intended to early incubate
the eggs yearlng hens would be better
than pullets. Buying any stock over Is
months is more or less risk.
Very often serious mistake is made
in putting new birds in the flock be-
fore they have been quarantined. 1t is
always best to keep new stock separate
for several weeks until it is proved
that they are in good, healthful condi-
ton. Disease is apt to be introduced
to flock of healthy birds when this
is not done.
In breeding is another bugbear
There is nothing that will so quickly
degenerate stock as breeding close re-
lationship. Pullets and cockerels of a
hatch can be safely mated, as it is not
general that the different sexes had
the same mother, but to mate father
with daughter would be serious mat
ter For stamina in the offspring, and
especially in market poultry culture, it
is best to introduce new blood every
year or two.
Costly errors are often made in care
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1908-05-07
TO PRODUCE CLEAN MIL
Rules for Management of the
Dairy Recommended by
Experiment Station.

The production of sanitary milk ID
receiving considerable attention in all
cities at the present time. In this re-
gard the following outline for m:-S
management, promulgated by one OF
the state experiment stations, will be Of
interest:
1. The COW should be sound; no dis
ease should exist in the animal
2. The feed should be good and free
from aromatic substances. If these
aromatic foods are used they should
be employed according to methods
which will not cause doors or flavors
to appear in the milk.
8. The COW should be groomed and
hair about the udder preferably
clipped.
4. The udder should be moistened
during milking.
5. The mixer should be a neat, tidy
person.
6. The milk should be free from dis.
ease and should not come in contact
with any communicable disease.
Z. The mixers hands and clothes
should be clean whale milking.
s. The pail should be sterilized.
8. The stall should be such as to re-
duce the amount of disturbance of dust
and dirt.
10. There should be good light, good
ventilation and good drainage in the
stable.
II. The stable should always be kept
clean.
-. Feeding and bedding, unless
moist, should be done after milking.
IS. A dustless milking room is de-
sirable.
IA. Milk should not stand in the
stable.
Is. If milk is aerated it should be done
before cooling and in pure air.
16. The sooner the milk is cooled
after milking the better.
II. Keep the milk as cold as possible
when once cooled.
Another station says that the greater
the attention paid to scrupulous clean-
Illness in handling milk at all stages
the shorter the time that elapses be-
tween the drawing, straining and cool.
ing of milk, and the lower the tens
perature to which it is cooled the
greater freedom from micro-or organisms,
the longer it will retain its normal
condition, the more profitable it's pro-
duction will be and the more whole-
some it will be for old aAd young.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1908-05-07
THE PLoW

am worker:
Sleep and take your rest
Tho my sharp Golfer shows white In the dawn,
Beating through wind and rain.
Furrowing hill and plain.
TILL twilight dms the west
And ! stand darkly against the night sky.
! am n worker. L. the plow
l feed the peoples.
Eagerly wait
High-born and low born, pale children of want
Kingdoms may rise and wane.
War claim her 1.-THE of slain.
Hands outstretched to me.
Master of men am !. seeming slave;
/ feed the peoples. ], the plow.
l prove Gods words true
Toiling that earth may give.
Fruit men shall gather with songs in the sun.
Where sleeps the hidden grain
Cornfelds shall wave again;
Showing that while men live
Nor seed nor harvest time ever will cease.
prove Gods words true. l. the plow.
". +. Boyson in Ererybody's Magazine.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1908-05-07
WATER PANS FOR POULTRY

Nothing is more important and few
things are more difficult to insure than
clean water for poultry. Ordinary re-
ceptacles and sources of water supply
are as rule quickly fouled and thus
become breeders of disease. Poultry
raisers generally recognize the innpor-
lance of a watering device which will
keep the water as free as possible from
the dust and litter of the poultry house
or yard and from the droppings of the
fowls and many forms of such devices
have been devised. One that is simple
in construction and has been found to
be very satisfactory in use is described
by ]. E. Rice and r. c. Lawry in a
bulletin of the New York Cornell ex-
pertinent station. The construction of
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1908-05-07
vETCH GOOD FORAGE CROP
Alabama Experiment Station
Proves That 1t Is Good Win
ter Pasture in South.
BY PROFESSOR j. F. DUGGAR,
Alabama Experiment Station.

Hairy vetch as forage crop in the
south is useful for hay, for pasturage
from February to May and for soil i'm
provement. 1t is an annual plant, COM
ing up from seed early each fall. A
Vetch plant has numerous vinelike
stems, usually three to five feet long
The vines are too slender and weak to
stand alone, so that when intended for
hay vetch should be sown with oats or
wheat. Sow broadcast per acre twenty
to forty pounds of vetch seed with the
usual amount of either oats or beard
less wheat. Sow vetch and any grain
that is to be soWn with it broadcast
from Sept. l to Oct. 90 or from Sept.
to Nov. 1 in the southern part of Ala
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1908-05-07
lures. He is at last being let into the
secrets of the soil and the delights of
practical application of scientific

lures. He is at last being let into the
secrets of the soil and the delights Of
practical application of scientific
knowledge.
The government maintains fifty-five
experimental stations where scientists
of the highest order conduct expert
ments and work out solutions Of agri-
cultural problems for his benefit. Every
state in the union maintains an agri-
cultural college where he may learn
the science of stock raising, breeding,
orcharding and dairying, and the re-
suits of the teaching of these schools
are being felt all over the land. These
colleges are equipped with every me-
chanical appliance necessary for the
instruction of the student in every
branch of farming. The teachers are
all practical men Of scientific training
and so when the boy comes from the
agricultural college he is prepared to
take his fathers farm and develop it to
an extent that had never before been
heard of.
While the agricultural colleges are
doing great work in the education of
young men, the true foundation for this
knowledge must be laid in the public
schools of this country. Agriculture
must be taught in the district schools.
The farm boy must begin to acquire a
scientific knowledge of agriculture with
his first book in arithmetic. The pro-
per course of study in the common
schools will prepare any boy to solve
the main problems of scientific agri-
culture to such an extent that, should
he be debarred from the privileges of
a college education, he will be able to
hold his own among his fellows in the
fierce competition which is now COM
ing on in the world of agriculture.
A liberal education in modern scien-
tific farming is worth more to the boy
with no capital than a $4,000 farm
placed in his hands when he is q years
of age without such instruction. The
farmer who gives his son a thorough
education in modern agriculture places
him in a position to become rich, in
fluential and the most useful factor in
the progressive life Of the country. Il
he fails to give his boy such an educa-
ton he does him an injustice which
can never be repaired.
The old and new agriculture are az
different as the day from the night
The old agriculture is typified by the
OK team, the single plow, the worn out
soil, crops that produce $40 an acre, ant
life of hopeless and infinite toll The
new, by traction engines instead O
horses. soil whose fertility is constant
ly restored, crops that every year in
crease in value, scientific methods
business principles, comfort, independ
ence and wealth.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1908-05-07
NUBBlNs OF FARM NEWS

The number of cattle, hogs and sheer
exported from the United States during
March was 46,429 head, valued at 3d..
1888.
John Huverstahl of Low Point, Ill.
gathered 10000 dozens of eggs in one
week to fill a rush order from Boston,
Mass. The price of the eggs was quot.
ed at 1872 cents.
The estimated area sown to wheat in
Kansas last fall was 6,97S,32S acres and
it is now reported that "a per cent
has been plowed up, leaving 6.S11, 800
acres standing for harvest.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1908-05-07
TO GET AIR INTO SHEDS

A method Of ventilating a lean-to
stable. The air enters as represented
by the arrows ABB and passes out
through the flue built on the inside Of
the upright or main barn. This fue
may rise directly through the roof or
it may end at E, as shown in the cut
the air passing through a cupola If
the upright barn has a balloon frame
then the space between the studding
could be used as ventilating flues.
These flues could be made tighter by
covering inside and out on the stud
ding with the lightest galvanized iron.
It will be observed that in all cases the
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1908-05-07

furnishes an excellent place for bac-
terra to get a foothold and grow.
The cream separator is not a ma
chine that will have to be replaced
every year or two. With good care the
average separator of the standard
makes should last, it is claimed, for
twelve to fifteen years and need very
few repairs. OF course the life of the
machine can be heightened or short
ened by the operator in the care he
gives it,
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1908-05-07
TIED TO THE WRONG cow

Professor Fraser of the Illinois experiment station that
chained worthless paddock
this plain
the does o
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1908-05-07

air is admitted to the stable at or near
the ceiling and may be allowed to enter
the ventilating f1ue near the floor or
ceiling or in the center of the ceiling,
thus giving variety of means of con-
trolling the air current and securing
more perfect circulation and mixing
the air. Good ventilation is essential
in all farm buildings where live stock
is kept.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1908-05-07

this watering pan is shown in the ac-
companying illustrations:
The round, deep pan with faring
sides is more easily emptied without
injury to the pan in case of hard
freezing. 1t presents a comparatively
small surface to catch dust and dirt.
The round cone-shaped top prevents
the fowls from roosting upon it. The
openings in the side walls permit the
fowls to drink from different sides at
one time and presents the smallest pos
sible amount of opening for dust and
litter to enter. The platform on which
it stands, being 10 inches from the
floor, is high enough to prevent the lit
ter being scratched into it. 1t is found
that where water pans are placed much
higher than this fowls do not drink as
much water The water pan and cover
is made of No. 26 galvanized iron. It
should not cost to exceed S1.40.
The strawberry crop of Tennessee is
reported as being one of the best in
years in spite of the fact that the acre
age is smaller than for some time. The
plants are said to be fruiting exceed
ingly well.
A heavy wool is expected by Mon
tana sheepmen this year and the price
looked for is Is to 20 cents per pound.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1908-05-07

During the past year w. H. Morgan
Of Iowa has marketed within "A pounds
Of a ton of butter which he sold at
prices ranging from 20 to 25 cents per
pound He MIXED on an average of
ten cows during the year.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1908-05-07

The past winter in Montana has been
the mildest in twenty-five years, ac-
cording to H. B. Wiley, secretary of
the Montana Wool Growers associa-
ton. He says in a band Of 1900 head
of sheep only Is head were lost by ex-
posture.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1908-05-07

A heavy wool is expected by Mon
tana sheepmen this year and the price
looked for is Is to 20 cents per pound