davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Big Stone Gap post. [volume] (Big Stone Gap, Wise County, Va.) 1892-1928, 1908-01-01
THE SCHOOLS OF WISE
COUNTY.
by X. d. Baker Superintendent OF wise
County. in Virginia Jourusl Of
Education.

Education.
Wise county is one of the so.
called "backwoods" counties OF
the State, being in the extreme
southwestern portion. and bord
ering on Kentucky. Ii was or
ganized in 1855 from portions of
Scott, Lee, Russell and Buchan-
an counties. It has an area of
three hundred and eighty-five
square miles, and a population
of nineteen thousand six hun
dred and thirty-three in 1900
a n d a school population o f
four thousand, six hundred and
twenty-five in 1895. IL is be
lieved by those well acquainted
with growth and development
of the county that the census Of
1910 viii show a population of
more than thirty-five thousand
and school population Of ten
thousand
W e have one hundred and
twenty-five white schools and
te n colored schools. With a
white & C h o ol population of
seven thousand and three. we
had enrolled / n October. five
thousand on e hundred an a.
eighty seven; and with a colored
school population OF six hun
dred and nine, we enrolled three
hundred and nineteen. The
average attendance of white
children for the month was four
thousand one hundred and sew
en-, or 20 per cent. The average
attendance of colored children
was two hunded and fortv-six.
or 77 per cent. We spent last
year for the pay of teachers over
thousand dollars.
for furniture, over four thous-
and dollars; for real estate and |
buildings, over thirty thousand /
dollars.
The county has the maximum /
county school levy, 20 per cent /
or the $4,000. and the follow /
ing district levies for its seven /
Big Stone Gap District, so per
cent. on the $4,000.
Gladeville District, 20 per
cent. ON the $4,000.
Lipps District, 20 per cent on
he $4,000.
Norton District, so per cent.
IN the $4,000.
Richmond District, 20 per
,ent. on the 10000.
Robertson District, 20 per
;ent. on the $4,000.
Wise District, % per cent. on
he $4,000.
The following table shows. at a
glance, the growth of the school
unds IN ten years, as the funds
or 1906 are given:
The Big Stone Gap post. [volume] (Big Stone Gap, Wise County, Va.) 1892-1928, 1908-01-01

Rev. I. j. Crnmley, of Bris-
tol, Tenn, has been spending a
few days at Honaker in the in
terest of church work Heheld
quarterly meeting at Prices
chapel last Saturday and Sun
day. He has been She guest of
j. X, j. w. and j b. Hub
bard while mere Rev. Crum-
ley left Friday for SwordsCreek
where he was 70 hold quarterly
meeting at Mlller's chapel on
Saturday and Sunday. Rev
Crumley is a member of the
Holston conference. Methodist
Episcopal Church. aud viii do
church work in Southwest vir-
ginia during the next twelve
months Honaker Press.
The Big Stone Gap post. [volume] (Big Stone Gap, Wise County, Va.) 1892-1928, 1908-01-01


The Appalachian Mountains
are also important TO navipa.
ton, since all the water gath
cred by them flows TO the sea
IN navigable rivers. The forest
is the one natural factor which
tends 70 equalize the flow Of
streams, and with the forest
supplemented by a system Of
reservoirs the depth of MANY
streams could be materially in
creased. With 35 per cent of
the Monongahala water subject
TO storage, the flood damage
at Pittsbnrg an d Wheeling
would be almost eliminated
With the minimum stage of the
Ohio at Wheeling increased bv
three feet, the coveted stage
between Pittsburg and Cincin-
natl would all but be secured
As the report points out. how
ever, this will never be accom-
pished unless steps are taken
10 preserve the forest cover of
the watersheds and so prevent
the filling up Of both reservoirs
or streams with sand and silt
washed from the mountain
sides.
The report shows graphically
the condition of the two regions
today, the slopes stripped Of
their forest cover. the resulting
erosion Of the soil, the danger
10 agricultural lands and water
ways, and the total destruction
OF scenic beauty. a large asset
IN many sections. Although
only a very small portion of the
- 100000 acres of forest land
Is recommended for ACQUISITION
by the Government, the report
suggests a plan whereby with
the aid Of the several States
and the cooperation of private /
owners proper management of
most of the forest land might /
be secured. The creation of /
National Forests. as is pointed /
out, will not interfere With lo- /
cal industries. but rather itl
viii aid them. Government
protection of the forests would
solve the fire problem OF the
region. lt would not hinder
mining and prospecting, and to
farming and fruit growing itl
would give a material stimulus
since protection of the higher
mountain slopes would greatly /
Increase the safety of these in
iustries IN the valleys below.
Nor would National Forests
interfere in the slight
est degree with farmers who
'wn and cultivate small farms
Along the mountain streams. II
The many other uses of the
mountains would be furthered
'ather than hindered. and ten
'er cent. of all revenues which
he Government received from
he forests would be given To
he counties in which the for
'sts were. The great indus
rles, such as furniture. cooper
ge, wagon, etc, which de-
'end upon a ssupply of hard
soods, would be benefited in I
alculabiy, and the vast capital
which depends upon water
ower would be made secure.
Taken as a whole, the report :
marks a distinct step forward
y outlining a definite program
or preserving for continuous
sc ore of the Nations greatest
esources.
The Big Stone Gap post. [volume] (Big Stone Gap, Wise County, Va.) 1892-1928, 1908-01-01

community. We beg TO call at
tention TO h e fact that Big
Stone Gap District receives ST.
s7S.69 from the State and has a
district fund of >. .2S2. .O2: and
an annual appropriation by the
town of 81, 10000; making a tot.
al of district levy amounting TO
S4,S22.02, or two and one-haIf
times as much as il receives
from the State; Norton. which
receives S1,27697 from til q
State, has a district fund of 81 =
9Ti.54; and Wise, which receives
81 ,276.97 from the State. has a
district fund of S3.2i6.85. Bv
comparing above table it will
be seen that the growth has
been marvellous. Take Rober
son District. whose increase in
district fund in ten years
amounts 10 about 900 per cent:
or Gladesville District. where
the increase has been about the
same.
We would have still larger
district fund. i'm the districts
having twenty cents. if we were
not prohibited by the act @ n
Legislature, which provided
that the maximum allowed by
the Constitution shall not be
levied except by a vote Of the
people.
What is that maximum Fif-
" cents on the one hundred
dollars # assessed valuation
10 should be least oae kpnir.d
cents on the one hundred dollars
That would be very low com
pared with the levies collected
ia some f the States w - /
must make up our minds 20 nut
more money into n q school +
work or il viii never accom- /
plish the results for whic
patriotic Virginians are hoping I
We have number of good I
school houses. Ia building we
put hot air heat In honses of
more than two rooms. a thorough
Aentilating system. twenty per
cent. light, single desks and
good blackboards n all tn e
houses. We have built i'm the
last two years "a stone school /
at Big Stone Gap of
eighteen rooms, cost about S33. /.
10000, a brick building az Nor
ton of eleven rooms. cost about
s25, 10000, a three room build. /
ing at West Norton. and one at
Pound cost about s., 900 90 each;
a two room addition TO { n e
tsscville school house. cost ST. I
10000; and numerous one-room
houses. This does not mean
hat we are multiplying schools.
,ut that we are building larger
d o u use S TO accommodate in
'reased population, and 10 allow
better grading "a n d building
good houses 20 take the place of
,Oor ones. We are now build
ng a four room house at St
Paul, heated with hot air. and ,
modern in every respect, with
late blackboards n q single ,
Iesks, cost a b out $4,000. 90. I
russell county contributed some d
money to this house, and some Z
f her children Will attend this
chool There is also being f
rected a seven room school F.
at Toms Creek which
ost about SlO,OO0.00.
Owing to the topography of t
he county, bad roads and much I
Tater to cross, we have not tried
transportation of pupils by wag- :
ms, and do not think il at all d
that we shall nuder- j
The Big Stone Gap post. [volume] (Big Stone Gap, Wise County, Va.) 1892-1928, 1908-01-01
SECRETARY OF AGRl-
culture on APPALACHIAN
WATERSHEDS.

las result Of one of the most
extensive and thoroughgoine
fiefd investigations which the
Col lferment has ever conducted
Secrtetary of Agriculture vii
sou, u his special report trans
mitted\ to Congress, recon-
mends Nhat the Government ac-
quire an Narea NOD to exceed
100000 acres iScthe White
Mountains and areas aggre-
eating not more than 3 coo, 900
% the Southern Appalachians
. * the establishment of Ma
kNES Forests. The average
.NS to be paid per acre is put
~ Sc for the White Mountains
and at $3.50 for the Southern
Appalachians. The land which
it is recommended that the Gov
vernment take over lie I'm the
Blue Ridge and Great Smokey
Mountains of North Carolina
and Tennessee, South Carolina
and Georgia, in the Allegheny
Mountains of eastern and south
ern West Virginia and western
Nir2 mia, in the Cumberland
Mountains of eastern Kentucky.
Tennessee, and northern Ala
bama, and In the four main
ranges of the White Mountains.
mostly in New Hampshire. I'm
mediate action is urged by the
Secretary, since the natural re-
sources of both regins are being
seriously impaired by reckless
numbering and wasteful use.
Congress, at its last session,
appropriated $4,000 to make
this investigation, and the Sec.
retary of Agriculture, in order
TO present the most complete
and conclusive report possible.
saw TO it that each of the sew
eral problems involved was
handled by the most competent
men whose services could be
secured. The Forest Service
detailed TO the work several of |
Its most experienced experts. /
the Bureau of Soils made a /
careful study of the soils and /
agricultural possibilities of the
Southern Appalachian Region.
the Geological Survey gave the
results of a seven years investi-
cation Of water power and navi-
cation IN the Southern Appa-
Iachlans, and from Prof. l.. c.
'Ilenn of Vanderbilt University I
we're secured the results of a
|hree years study of soil erosion.
Ind from Mr.. Philip w. Ayers
; report on the commercial inn
portance of the White Noun \
aims. In charge of the work as
whole was Mr.. William l.. II
Hall, Assistant Forester in the
Forest Service.
The r3Pors of the Secretary
aims I h e first complete ,
dy of conditions in n e
hthern Appalachians and I
te NJ and gives /
h1 amouAes kfer power /
tne dependence of
he nation upon the Southern
for its future I
ardwood supply, and the en-
rmous reduction in the value !;
Or water power and naviga 1 /
pa or the streams which would In
Fult from the removal of the li
Erests from the mountains. n
he Secretary emphasizes the n
|ct that the two regions under h
nslderation are advancing y
|pidiy toward condition of /,
|rrenness and sterility. 1t is n
II 49, -
The Big Stone Gap post. [volume] (Big Stone Gap, Wise County, Va.) 1892-1928, 1908-01-01
&EST RESERVE.

OF the woods and the conse-
quent washing of the soil.
That part of the report which
deals with the production of
timber brings out strikinQlv
the fact that the nations future
hardwood supply rests i'm the
control Of the Southern Appa-
iachians. In the last seven years
the hardwood lumber cut has
fallen off over Is per cent. and
this in the face of an unprece-
dented demand. During the
same period the wholesale
prices of hardwood lumber ad-
vanccd from 25 TO 65 per cent.
A liberal estimate gives the re-
naming stand of hardwoods of
the country at 400 billion of
feet, enough 60 last for only rs
years The report then points
out that it is the Appalachian
region, where 100000 acres
are primarily adapted to the
production of hardwood timber.
to which the hardwood using
industries must look for future
supplies It shows also that
under right management these
40, 100000 acres can produce
each year three billion cubic
feet of wood, about equal TO the
present consumption Of hard
wood timber for all purposes.
II the Appalachians are taken
soon enough. the Secretary
points out, and are rightly han
died, they can be made TO pro-
duce continuously three fourths /
of the hardwood supply of the
country, and this without ex. I
hausting the forests, but. i'm
fact, improving them.
Concerning water power. the /
report brings out some entirely /
new facts Based on the lowest
two weeks in the year, Il states
that under present conditions
the streams of the Southern Ap-
pachins afford a minimum of
., 2,740,000 horse power. Develop
ment Of the storage facilities of
streams would increase this
from three 10 thirty times. At
least 90 per cent of the minimum /
horsepower is available for
economic development. On this
basis, { IA report says. the
rental of 1850, 600 horsepower
At $50 per annum is worth S27.-
200, 900 year. In the same way.
I there is added the possible
'evenue from the so per cent of
bower which is present tor ONLY
half the year, the total is
brought to $50, ,0OO, 900. After
pointing out what a tremendous
actor this vast water-pOwer
: in the future industrial de-
'elopment of the United States
md how much New England .
depends upon the power given
" the streams which rise in
he White Mountains. Secre-
airy Wilson goes on to show
What vital relation the forest
ears TO successful utilization
( water power and artificial +
forage. He shows that no mat
er what the purpose or design, :
ny reservoir system developed :
the Southern Appalachians :
foredoomemed tc failue nn- "
sss the watershe as which iced =
are kept under forest. If the
srest is removed, vast accu-
iuiation of silt and gravel will
Q carried down to the reser. 4.
olrs and render them worth X
IS. Moreover, the floods in d
ANY of the streams are due TO =
E.
The daily sentinel., 1908-04-22
NURSE DIED AT DUTY'S POST
POISONED FROM SAFETY PIN.
Especial to The Sentinel. }


New York, April 23.-One of the
most popular and efficient nurses of
the Riverside hospital, on North
Brother island, Miss Maybelle f.
Strawmski, has given up her life to
her calling. riverside hospital is a
city institution given over to the
treatment of contagious diseases ex-
cI,Isively, and about three weeks ago
Miss Strawmsl1i was in charge of
several diphtieria patients.
She pricked her thumb with a
safety pin in the apparel of one of
her patients and at the time thought
nothing of it. In a very few days,
however it developed that the pin
was badly infected and Miss Strawm-
ski was found to be suffering from
a violent attack of septicemia.
Ordinarily an operation on the in
iured thumb or an amputation of the
arm would have saved the life of the
sufferer. but in the case of Miss
Strawmski the poison had been so
virulent and had spread so rapidly
that all efforts to save her life prov
ed futile and she died yesterday.
DR.. Westmoreland. who is in
ch arge of the hospital, says during
her two years of service there. Miss
StrawmslSi was one of the most fear
less nurses who never hesitated
when her duty called her to posi-
ton of danger.
The daily sentinel., 1908-04-22

Guaranteed hose, at McKenzie's,
the plumber. 545 Colorado avenue.
The daily sentinel., 1908-04-22
WOULD EDUCATE THE
poor WHITE TRASH"
Especial to The sentinel.)

Memphis, Tenn. April 22.-Dis-
tinguished educators, university
presidents, state superintendent.
statesmen, editors, bishops, clergy
men and clubwomen, the leading in
tellectual lights of the New South
together with a considerable sprink-
ling of famous visitors from other
sections of the country, are the
guests of Memphis today and will at
tend the eleventh meeting of the
Conference of Education in the
South. The opening address this
evening will be addressed by Gov
ernor NJ. r. Patterson, who will well
come the visitors to Tennessee.
The object of the conference is to
educate the poor whites" of the
been highly successful In regard
Edgar Gardner Murphy says:
THE illiterate mass of our white
population are pure and vigorous
stock. They are not the decadent,
but the unstarted. Their promise
is illimitable. To tell of their needs
was no pleasant enterprise. Even
aow an occasional reactionary spirit
is heard to declare that because he
loves and esteems them, and because
they are better. than many of the
illiterate population of other sec
tions, the movement that reveals
their ignorance and insists upon
their education, is to be resisted.
The answer of the South, as a whole.
is that because she loves and esteems
them-their children are entitled to
the broadest opportunities and the
best advantages which life may Of
fer: that any movement which re-
veals their ignorance in order to
bring them knowledge, which would
increase their knowledge not upon
the ground of their incapacity, but
upon the ground of their value to
society; which asserts their right to
the worlds best, and the worlds
right to their best, is movement to
be commended and re-enforced.
The daily sentinel., 1908-04-22

Spring is here. We're here for
spring business. Telephone Black
662 and We'll call for your work
The Suitorium.
The daily sentinel., 1908-04-22

We have the best stock of Hight
harness in town.-Fred Mantey.
The daily sentinel., 1908-04-22

In Canon City this week, in the
district court, the case in which the
United States Reduction e Refining
Company brings suit against the Den
yer & Rio Grande railroad to recover
the sum of s250,000 for the alleged
destruction of the National mill at
Florence about two years ago, is be-
ing heard. This is one of the most
notable cases to be tried during the
present term and will occupy the at
tention of the court for several days.
The National mill, which stood near
the Denver & Rio Grande sidetrack
at Florence. was destroyed by fire in
1906, presumably from spark from
a passing locomotive. The complain
ant is suing to recover from the rail-
road company on that theory.
The daily sentinel., 1908-04-22
EYE STRAIN

is term used by Optometrists to
designate condition of the eye in
which there is discomfort caused by
overwork of the eyes from an error
of refraction, or from weakness of
the muscles that move the eyeballs.
or these two groups of causes may
be associated in the same individual,
and when one is relieved, the other
may be the cause of discomfort.
1t has. been known for some time
that the extrinStc or guiding muscles
The daily sentinel., 1908-04-22

Aspen Democrat: 1t is rumored
around town that Jack Atkinson has
purchased a brick yard at Grand
Junction and that he and Mrs. Atkin-
son will take up their permanent
residence there. We shall certainly
regret the departure of such promi-
nent residents. but will always be
glad to hear of their success in their
new home.
The daily sentinel., 1908-04-22


of the eyebali are much at fault in
the eye-strain, but until of late there
has been but very little progress
made in relieving them.
Recently there has been discover
ed successful method of OCULAR
GYMNASTICS, and an instrument
manufactured with which to give the
proper exercise to the muscles of the
eye, which in a great number of
obstinate cases has given wonderful
results, and in some cases it has
been found that the desired Lief
has been secured by this method,
without the need of wearing glasses
constantly.
Always striving to secure the best
possible instruments for my office
SO that l may give my patrons the
best possible service, have added
one of these Instruments to my al
ready extensive equipment.
Any person suffering from eye
strain or eye-discomfort will do well
to call on me and have their eyes
examined for errors of refraction
and ocular imbalance. A stitch in
time saves nine.
CHAS. CASHO, Oph. d.
Rooms l and 2 Marger" Block.
The daily sentinel., 1908-04-22
UNION LABOR REPORT
SHOWS MANY IDLE
Especial to The sentin ell. }

Albany, N. Y, Apr. 21.-Practi-
cally one out of every three union
men in this state was idle at the close
of 1907, according to a bulletin of
the state labor department just made
public.
In New York City the percentage
was 34.S as compared with 1927 for
the rest of the state. On this ques-
ton the bulletin says:
''The worst conditions at the close
of the year appear in the building,
clothing, metal and tobacco trades
with percentages of idleness of AZ,
43.6, 800 and So, respectively.
among the principal industries
one exception to the prevailing un
favorable conditions appears in the
printing trades with a percentage of
idleness Gid which compares not
with previous years"
The daily sentinel., 1908-04-22

We are reliable. ou can depend
on us. Our work Is the very best.
Phone US your wants.-The Suitor-
lum.
The daily sentinel., 1908-04-22

''The New Black Crook one of
the prettlest and biggest comic op-
eras touring the west this season, is
announced as an early attraction at
the Park opera house. Manager Has
kell is very fortunate in being able
to secure this big attraction.
The daily sentinel., 1908-04-22

Horse clipping specially. Hors-
es bought, sold. trained and broke.
See w. l.. Easton, 535 Ute avenue.
Murray Barn.
Waterbury evening Democrat., 1908-06-01
Pain is natures signal (

fhin ts natures signal of distress, e warning that must not be ignored. Those sharp twinges in the back. those stabilize pains that follow any sudden twist or turn, are simply signs of hidden danger in the kidneys.
 No trouble starts more easily, gains ground more rapidly, nor proves more often fatal than any disorder of the kidneys. All the outward ap- pearances of health may remain until 6 terrible disease had taken root It is best to learn the duties of the Kidneys. to watch for early signs of trouble. and to correct any irregular ity before its serious stage begins.
 The blood goes 10 the kidneys in an incessant stream. to be cleared of poi- son and relieved of surplus water. This is passed of by the kidneys Ia the urine. It is the retention of poi- son in kidney trouble that breeds fatal disease.
 Don't wait. The moment you feel any uneasiness. lameness or pain in the back. the moment the urine shows irregularity. either In It's ap- pearance. or in the quantity or num- Der of the passages. begin with Doan's Kidney Pills This remedy has been curing kidney troubles for seventy siI years. and never ret has failed