The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1885-1921, 1908-08-19


restoring the word wz1-=f ths Aszzt5.
woEIsz Fe ex1sgds5 FrsZ Ezr4ra1z zzzzlsr.
ard RE amendment wzs adopted vyE+l
thjs undermining Of - e9@e-
..WHTTE" a TERN OF LUsI0N
sfThe history OF Legislation % III.
subject sAgzs thai Congress refused 2
eliminate white fcsm Ets ststute 70
tie reason that i would extend thf
privilege 0E natural z1lsz u tze Mo-
gaI5sn race. ard tka< wz=z. through II
adTerte1ee, this word was left ont o:
me seatUte Il was again restored fsr
the very purpose OF such exclusion
The words Of = statute are - be
taken II their ordinary sense. zuIegs
i can BE- sh8wn that they are used IL
q technical sense
From e3nI1E. psr1lar s-an5-
point, both IN ancient a11 151Arz tines
the races 81 mankind hare bs4n e3zs-
ringuzshed BIZ difference In color. an1
they have been classified a. the white.
black, yellow and brown races
RACE LASSLFICATTON.
F.And this Z tue from =eien-zag
] point Of view. writer's On eran5lsgv
and anthropology aasa their division OF
mankind upon differences N physical
/ rather than IN intellectual aa1 moral
character, 50 that difference in color.
! conformation 81 the skull, structure
and arrangement of the hair. and the
/ general contour OF tke face are tsa
marks which distinguish tie various
types Bat. Of all th=se marks. the
color Of the skin IS considered ena most
important criterion for kha distinction
OF raee, and It lies az th@ foundation
Of the classification which scientists
| have adopted BIumenbach. Il 1871.
divided mankind into fvs prime pal
types,-the Caucasian OF white. Mon
golian or yellow, Ethiopian or black.
American Or red. and MaIav Or brown.
Cuvier sImr,life1 this classification ineo
Caucasian. Eong9i, and Negro. or white.
yellow, and black races. Other writers
make a still larger lumber Of distinct
races. Il is said that Pref Huxley :
division Of mankind y the most salts
factory. He distinguishes four DriueI-
pal types, and ne points out the marked
physical characteristics Of each These
types are the Australoid Chocolate
brown, Eegr3id drown black. Mon
goloid yellow. and Xanfh0ehroic flair
whites1. To these he adds a fifth va
riety. the Melanochroie OZARK whites).
The fair whites are the type of the
prevalent inhabitants Of northern Eu-
rope. and the DARK whites Of southern
Europe. All these physical differences
do not exist in the case OF each indivi1-
nal, and Einnumerable varieties Of man
kind run into one another BY insarsi-
bic degrees; but taking the race or TYPE
as whole, their peeuIiarities are suf-
feiently distinct 70 form the basis Of
Az a air z
sf# Whether this question
IS viewed in the light Of congressional
intent. or the popular or scientific
meaning of white persons. or the al
thority of duplicated cases. the only
conclusion I an able To reach after
careful consideration, IS that the pres.
ent application must be denied -
SUPREME COURT.
In October, 1902, the question came
before the Supreme Court Of the State /
of Washington on the application Of
Takuji Yamashita for admittanea to /;
the bar. The application was denied /
on the ground that be was not a citizen /,
of the United States. and this notwIth. /
standing that Yamashita had been ad- /
mitted TO citizenship by the Superior /
Court of Pierce County ia that State. /
The Supreme Court Of Washington held /
that the Superior Cour- had no pnwer /
to admit him to citizenship, he being a /
Japanese, and therefor that Il had not |
so admitted him. In deciding the case
the court cites the cases which have !
been given above, and some others in /
Gliding In re Kanaka Eiau. a Hawai-
ian, who was denied naturalization in
Utah IN an early day In conclusion
the court saws: HThe general law
with the single extension made to the
African or negro race has been confined
% free white aliens. The law seems
20 base the classification upon eth
biological or racial considerations !
rather than upon any national dis
inetions. Whether the classification |
to color is technically seien-
life or natural is not proper subject
IF inquiry here. From its existence
with the formation of
he American Republic. it must be TAX
N to express settled national will -
THE KATSANUMA CASE.
Very similar TO this case was that
f DE-. Tomigo Katsanuma in Honolulu.
Who was naturaIized August 4, 1890.
n the United States District Court Of
ache County, Utah. But upon his APP
tlication to take up government land IN
)ahu the question of his citizenship
ras raised, and the Attorney General
f the Territory held, largely on the
of the Yamashita case, that
e was not a citizen, and that the ques-
ion of his citizenship, notwithstand-
ng the record of his naturalization bv
court of otherwise competent iuris-
lotion, could be raised in collateral
At the same time. in the Katsanuma
ase the Department of Justice has
ever directed the commencement of
to annuI and make void \
he naturalization proceedings of the
tab court that DurD0rtad To natural