The Hawaiian gazette. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1865-1918, 1908-03-27
TIRE RED CROSS
PEACE CAMPAIGN

| Continued from Page OR.)
the bottles in the usual way, then
boil them. This need only be done
once week or so. Pour the boiled
water directly from the vessel in
which 1t was boiled and cooled into
the boiled bottles. These rules apply
to any infected water supply. In the
presence of a distinct epidemic of
cholera or other water-born disease
the following additional precautions
should be observed:
'First-Use boiled water for brush
ing the teeth and for rinsing the
mouth.
"Second-Do not eat any uncooked
vegetables such as watercress or let
tuce.
'Third-During an epidemic, do not
omit any of these precautions at any
time. For example, if yoQ are dining
out and are not certain of the safety
of the drinking water put on the ia
BILE, eat your meal dry. It is better
to risk offending one friend than to
run the risk of losing all of them.
Zone of the most interesting and
important researches that have been
carried out upon a disease. probably
due to an animal parasite, is the study
OF yellow fever by the United States
Army Yellow Fever Commission.
During the military occupation Of
Cuba which followed the Spanish war,
the health conditions of the island
were much complicated by the preva-
lence of yellow fever. This disease
was not only scourge to Cuba, but
from that as a center it made peri
odic invasions Of our Gulf and even
South Atlantic seaboard. The disease
has even reached as far north as Bos-
ton. Every epidemic caused not alone
untold suffering and death to the in
habitants of the region affected, but
also a very real and very large money
loss to the community. What this
loss was in actual cash, in a given
epidemic, can not be told accurately,
but We can obtain some idea of the
Importance of the disease to the BUSH
ness interests by the fact that New
Orleans spent 100000 in fighting a
single epidemic and considered it a
good investment. 1t was this disease
that was to be investigated, and the
Army Commission, composed of Drs. |
Reed, Carol and Lazeer together |
with the Cuban physician, DR.. Agro- |
monte. did their work well.
THE result of their work was to /
show that the disease was spread by |
a certain sort of mosquito. How they |
reached this conclusion and how it has |
affected the task of controlling yellow |
fever is worth telling.
zone of the commission, DR.. LAGER,
contracted a fatal case of yellow fever |
after being bitten by a mosquito while |
at work in the wards of the hospital. |
This brought to the attention of the /
the old theory which had
been promulgated by DIR. Finley, on
what would now be considered INSULT
Gent evidence, that the disease was
by the mosquito. In order
TO test this theory a house was built
and made mosquito proof. The build
ing was divided into two equal and
IDENTICAL parts. In one of the rooms
50 formed was put the bedding and
clothes which had been used by pa
tents which had died of yellow fever.
In the other room were set free mos
luitoes which had bitten yellow fever
patients number of volunteers lived
or a time in each of these rooms. In
he one they came into the most inti-
nate relation with what are called
technically 'Formites,' that is, ma
erial that might be supposed to carry
he contagion of the disease, while in
ba nthar thew in |
act with mosquitoes which had bitten
Fellow fever patients. The result of
his test was to show that the contact
With the effects of the yellow fever
)aients. much of which was Actually
'oiled with the discharges of til sick,
vas not harmful while those who were
simply exposed to the bites of mos
luitoes. which had bitten the sick,
contracted the disease. Subsequently
he tentative conclusion so arrived at,
hat the disease was transnitted by
he bite of infected mosqY} toes. was
confirmed and a number OF other in
eresting points about the germ were
demonstrated. For example, it was
hown that in the early stages of the
disease in man the blood was infec-
ious but that the disease germ dis
from the blood of the patient
ven before the disease was cured. 1t I
vas also found that the germ. at least '
t certain stages of it's development,
vas so small that it would pass |
through the tiny parasites of the I'M {
LACED porcelain filter. 1t was also l
hown that, just as in malaria. an i
interval of some days, about twelve, /
lust elapse between the time that the a
1osquito bites a case of yellow fever c
efore it becomes capable of trans f
erring the disease to a new person. @
CAS- soon as the fact of the mosquito 7
of the disease was firmly [
Established it cleared up a number of q
oints about the occurrence and dis &
-ibution of the disease which had b
reviously been obscure. For exam
lie, it was evident that the distribu- s
on of the disease depended upon the il
Geographical range of the species of d
osquito that carried the infection Il
ON case to case. Consequently. the 7
reviously observed fact, that yellow n
yer never occurred above certain al
tudes and was absent during cold II
Gather. was understandable. The
ason that altitude prevented yellow d
yer was not that the air was too n