Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1908-11-20
quired qualification and keep up to the
required standing in their examinations.
Those Paw Who Can.

required standing in their examinations.
Those Pay Who Can.
1t will be noticed from the above state
nent less than one-half of the students i'll
the Scottish universities have taken adj
vantage of Mr.. Carnegie's generosity and
the same proportion prevails pretty gen
orally i'll the four institutions.
For example, last year at ST. Andrews,
III ol& or total of j13 students: at
, -Aberueen, $50 out of total of $50 stu
dents: at Edinburgh. 1.O9S, out of a total
of 3.34o. and at Glasgow, 1,164 out of
total of 4,41o. applied for and had their
fees paid. 1t will be noticed that at
Aberdeen and ST. Andrews the proportion
was larger, which Is perfectly natural,
because the students at those institutions
come from the agricultural communities
and are less able to pay for their educa-
ton than those from the great manu-
| featuring district that surrounds Glas-
gov. and the highly cultivated community
| of Edinburgh. 1t is a proverb that a
| Scotchman loves learning even more than
| he loves money, and in no country is there
so much eagerneSS among what Is called
! the middle class of the population to get
| into university. The great ma iority of
| the students are the sons of tradeSmen,
mechanics, farmers, clergymen and other
parents in moderate circumstances. The
greater number of the nobility and the
| sons of the rich go to oxford and to Cam
| bridge.
| The Scottish universities are very demo-
cratic and primitive in their accommo-
datlonS. They are very much like the
state university in our own west, although
as rule, the students in this country
are much better off financially and the
average expenditures of the student in
Illinois. Michigan Iowa and Wisconsin
universities, for example, are much great
er than those in Scotland. The Scots
spend less for board and clothing, and
the great majority of Scottish students
spend nothing for amusements, athletics
or social pleasures. They have no clubs,
fraternities other organizations for So
cial purposes, and their lives are as frugal
as those of a monk. For these reasons
the Scottish universities have no attrac-
lions for young men with plenty of spend
ing money and cOnvivial disposition. The
''spenders' go elsewhere, and the fact
that student is wealthy is to his diSad
vantage rather than otherwise at d Scot
fish university.
What They Study.
The largest number of applicants for
the benefits of the Carnegie trust are stu
dents of medicine, engineering pedagogy,
agriculture and the unitarian branches
the medical students leading by consid-
cradle plurality. The tendency in Scot
fish education is toward technical and
commercial education rather than toward
the classics. The number of divinity stu
dents is comparatively small, and is grow
ing smaller every year, SO rapidly that all
denominations are alarmed and agitation
has been going on for some years to en-
courage young men to enter the ministry.
The salaries of clergymen in both the Es-
tablished and the Free churches will
compare very well with the incomes of
Scottish lawyers, doctors and other pro-
feSSional men, and in no country is the
clergy SO highly respected and so influ-
the MOBILITY in the social scale. and in
the villages the "meenister' occupies the
same position as the Catholic priest in Ire
land being the most important member of
the community, and exercising a patriar-
chal relation over the parish. He is the
adviser of the people on all subjects, and
his word is law. Nevertheless, it is as
serted that the influence of the clergy is
on the decline i'm Scotland and that is one
reason why SO few young men are adopt
ing that profession.
Makes for Practical knowledge.
The income of the Carnegie trust is
100000 a year. and, according to the
deed. one-half of that amount must be ap-
piled annually toward the Improvement
and expansion of the faculties of science
and medicine; to improve and extend the
opportunities for original research; to in
crease the facilities for acquiring knowl-
edge of the sciences, economics. modern
langua geS history and English literature
and such other subjects as will be of prac-
teal use to the students in their daily
lives. The other half of the income or SO
much as may be necessary is to be devot-
ed to the payment of the ordinary class
fees of students, and, if there shall be any
balance remaining. it is to be expended
in paying for courses of lectures in con-
venient centers by professors or lecturers
from universities and schools of science
on practical subjects, cOgnate to a techni-
cal commercial education, and in sup
porting evening classes for students who
are engaged in industrial or professional
occupations during the day
The chief object of the Carnegie founda-
ton in Scotland is to encourage young
men of the class from which he sprang,
who are in the same conditions by which
he was surrounded in his YOUTH and to
prepare them for successful careers and
useful citizenship.