davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1908-03-18
STORY OF BUILDING OF THIS
REMARKABLE STATION.
All Who Enter or Depart from. the
Harbor Of San francisco Mark
It as One Of the Sights Of
the Passage.

The story Of the building Of the IA
nous Mile Rock lighthouse, which
passengers always observe as they en-
ter and depart from the harbor Of San
Francisco, Is an interesting and in
some respects a thrilling one-replete
with human daring and danger.
This little station was completed
and the light first displayed early In
January, 1908. More than a year was
consumed In the construction Of the
station. For the past half a century
Mile Rock has been constant menace
to shipping. Every vessel entering
or departing from the Golden Gate
during darkness or heavy weather ran
the gauntlet of danger.
Mile Rock stands just one mile from
the south mainland. opposite the en-
trance to San Francisco harbor, and
about three miles from the North
Heads. It was originally a mere pin
nacle Of sharp, ragged rocks, jutting
just above the oceans surface. At ex-
treme low tide the points Of the rock
were only IA feet above the sea. At
high tide the rock was practically sub
merged, and during stormy weather
was constantly waveswept
To construct a light station on such
a foundation was certainly very diff
ficult and perilous task-next to an
engineering impossibility
Congress appropriated 100000 for
the work, but no contractor, after
knowing all the difficulties and dan
gers OF the work, liked to undertake
such a task, and much delay followed
before the contract was let. 1t was
finally awarded James McMahon OF
San Francisco, who at once began op-
erations.
No regular skilled workmen could
be persuaded to engage in such haz-
ardous work. and so finally Contractor
Mcmahon had to hire raw seamen.
for he could secure none others. These
men were. set to work under
an experienced foreman. and gradual
" initiated into what was necessary.
These 'tars" had but little fear Of the
sea and Its perils.
From the original shape Of Mile
Rock 1t was impossible to build up
Dprfentlv rouud cvIindar. h,,t u ma,
constructed in an elliptical form, rs
feet the narrow way and 40 feet the
long way. The metal plates Of which
this huge cylinder was built were 21s
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1908-03-18

ing that, raises the question whether
the time has not come for the appoint.
ment OF Christian governor for
Macedonia. The sultan may be ex.
pected to resist such an appointment
for he would see In 1t the prelude to
the loss Of the province. Turkish his.
tory has taught him that.
The secretary for foreign affairs
says the concert Of powers must either
justify or stultify itself. That is. II
must either demand further conces.
sions of Turkey or split ND. If it shall
do the latter, then Turkey will be oh.
durate and the peace Of Europe may
be imperled once more. Whether
any power is prepared to side with
Turkey and block reform in Mace
donia remains to be seen. There have
been rumors that one or another
power would do this, but as yet moth.
Ing Ia certain.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1908-03-18
A MYSTERY SOLVED

was officially announced. and what
was supposed to be his body was
borne on bier to the tomb.
According to the legend, Alexander
slipped away and caused to be pub
lisbed the proclamation Of his death.
He went to Siberia, according to the
story, which appeared to be impreg.
nable with the evidence of two ser.
wants at the court, letter written
BY Alexander and by the remarkable
likeness existing between the suppos-
edly dead monarch and a hermit
named Feodor Kozomltch, who for
many years was an exile in Siberia.
Nothing in fiction is more strange
than the tale OF ske effacement Of
Alexander T., and Tolstoy has given
the popular version of It In one OF his
stories, for the legend IS common
enough in Russia. but ignored when
not contradicted in official histories.
Among the documents which have
lain unknown in the personal archives
Of the present czar are the Journal
Of the Empress Elizabeth. widow Of
Alexander. who was with the emperor
in his last moments. and the letters
Of the emperors familiars. who at.
tended him in his last hours: the
death mask Of the emperor the Ger.
tificate Of the nine doctors describ-
ing the nature OF his disease and the
result Of the autopsy. It is also
maintained that under the oircum.
stances, it would have been impossible
for body 10 have been substituted
for that OF the emperor
The solution Of the mystery then
had to be looked for in another dI.
rection. This now has been accom-.
plished. and 1t is asserted that fha
circumstances surrounding the death
Of the natural son Of Paul 1 were ne-
culiar From midshipman he became
an officer In the British navy and IL
said by one account to have died
while his vessel was in the Antilles
In 1884. Another account Of hts deatb
relates that he was drowned at cron.
stadt, and still another version states
that ne died in the Indies. The inyea.
tigation has shown that. while apnar.
emily drowned, the young man was
reHuscitated and became the exile
The Grand Duke Nicholas in MAX.
Ing his search. also found that NE
names Feodor and Kouzma. or Koz.
ma, which are the same as Feodor
Kozmitch, occur with frequency il
the family Of Semen Velikii under
which name the son Of Paul was
known. In discovering the identify
OF Paufs natural son with this nev.
son. the grand duke believes he has
settled a vexed question and SET az
rest for all time the curious legend
AS the half brother Of the Emnaror
Alexander, the hermit NOT i'm.
naturally resembled him suia.
ciently for court retainara -
recognize him and to give the imnres.
sion that the ezar was not dead hnt
living ineognito as a holy man ii 81.
IBERIA. = =
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1908-03-18

the rocks that jutted far upward inside
the immense cylinder; and uniting
with them thus formed an anchorage
that was simply impregnable.
From the top Of this massive founda.
ton the gradually tapering super.
structure rises 56 feet-making tho
total distance from the mean sea level
to the light about 100 feet. The upper
part Of the station is of structural
steel massiyely anchored into the con.
crete foundation
X is noteworthy fact that during
all the time work was In progress on
the station-over a year-not a life
was lost, no person was even injured.
and no sort Of accident occurred to re.
tard the construction. Considering
the constant perils that beset the un-
dertaking the record Is a remarkable
one.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1908-03-18

the Russian people, that the car, in
stead Of dying, really abdicated and
retired from the world, and expired
In the year 1864 The hermit Feodor
Kozomitch, who had been identified
as Alexander T., Is now proved to have
been the natural son Of Paul I.
From such a source there now ap.
pears to be no reason to doubt the
truth Of this strange story, and a
French journal recently gave currency
to the following remarkable solution
OF the old mystery:
II must be recalled that the alleged
death Of the Emperor Alexander /.
was at least mysterious. There was
current story that he had been
dropped by the hand Of an assassin.
Il was said also that he had sue.
cumbed to bilious fever, called in
Russia the Crimea fever. Whichever
way his death is viewed. it was mys.
terious. Alexander as ruler OF Rus.
sia never was a happy man. He came
to throne which had been stained
by the blood Of his father. Paul T..
and the murder Of his parent made a
deep impression upon him At night
while Paul was asleep In the Michael.
on palace, bold assassins, after killing
the sentry at the door, rushed upon
the sleeping czar. and, calling upon
him to abdicate. strangIed him bru.
tally when he refused.
The murder Of his father occurred
IN 1901 and Alexander sat on the
throne until, in 1925, when his death
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1908-03-18

by s feet In diameter and i've
eighths Of an inch In thickness. They
we're very strongly bolted with steel
riyets, AS rapidly as the cylinder was
built upward all the interior space was
filed with strongly reinforced con
crete, very firmly tamped. This CYL
inder foundation was constructed AZ
feet 'high-thus making a solid con,
crete mass 25x4Ox42 feet. More than
1900 barrels of cement alone we're
used in building this foundation, and
many tons Of steel plates
The concrete, while in a plant state
settled all around the ragged points Of
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1908-03-18

peninsula. He visited Sofia and Bel
grade and advised the servians q.
well as the Buigarians TO cultivate
the more peaceful and above an more
iaWabiding methods in their Mace
donian propaganda
Count Lgmsdorn then proceeded IA
Vienna whore he had maay confer
ences with Count Goluchowski the
Austro-Hungarian minister Of foreign
affairs. Together they drew up al.
other program Of reforms. which
was. Of course. Immediately accented
by the porte in February. 1908. The
details Of the proposed reforms are
unimportant here and now. They
never passed beyond the paper stage
The integrity Of the sultan's domin-
ions and his unimpaired sovereignty
were safegnarded by them. and in
their proposals the powers remained
we'll within the limits Of policy de-.
fined BY that important article "a Of
the treaty Of Berlin.
4 Bloody lnsurrection.
The result Of the application Of
these paper reforms did not remain in
doubt for more than a week. Instead
Of the paciiicatlon and a peace an.
preaching that Of paradise, which the
bureaucratic Russian count Drophe-
sled would descend upon the blood
d7snched land, came the most bloody
and formidable insurrection that the
Febellion-riddep country had ever
seen. 1t required 300 900 Of the hest
troops Of the Ottoman forces TO IN.
hold Turkish authority, and even with
this tremendous display OF force. the
Turks made but little headway against
the tnsurrection until the fall. when
many Of the Bulgarian bands. yielding
rather before the onset Of winter than
Of the Turks, withdrew across the
frontier.
To bolster up their shattered pres
tige in the Balkans, in consequences
OF the summers bloody work. the
czar Of Russia and the emperor Of
Austria met at Muerzsteg in October.
As result Of this imperial conference
The Intervention Of Europe in Mace
ionian affairs became for the first
lime direct, but the results of the
new course fell far short OF expecta.
ions, in the first place because of the
wonderful ability Of Hilmi Pasha to
;heckmate every move made BY the
AGENTS Of the powers, and in the sec.
md because Of the well-nigh insupera-
lie difficulty that was experienced In
ringing the agents OF the powers to
yet with unanimity or even in good
aith.
7uffers-on Paper.
However, at least, the Muerzsteg pro-
ram created two organs Of control.
I buffers between the Turkish au-
horities and the Christian peasants
{ Macedonia. Two civil agents. one
ions. Demerik, a Russian, and the
Their Herr Won Muller. an Austrian, !
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1908-03-18
BALKAN CRISIS
PROVOKED BY
POWERS GREED
NATIONS NOT in ACCORD
Alliance to Press Reforms Upon the Porte Crippled
by Inability Of Christian Governments to Agree
Quarrel Among Themselves Over Loot and
Self-Interest-Peace Of the World Impered.

Marquis Of Argenson, Louis XIV. s
great minister. wrote. THE first
great change that will take place Id
Europe will probably be the conquest
Of Turkey This empire grows weak.
er because Of its bad government, and
because II is impossible that this gov
ernment should become better. and
quite sure that it will grow worse.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1908-03-18

be easily converted into cash Others
were given brilliant decorations and
honeyed speeches. II was quite mo-
tceable that many Of the foreign OIL
GERS soon began to exhibit very little
interest in the people whom they
we're sent to protect. "A vermin.
stricken, NANCY lot" is the way one
Of the officers was reported to have
described the Christian peasants at a
concert in Yildiz Kiosk. and shortly
afterward his wife appeared with a di-
amoRd tiara. which Pera gossips
ayerred she had never been seen to
wear before
Making No Progress.
So much time was taken in negotia.
tion and discussions, and, above all in
entertainments, that few OF the for
eign officers reached their respective
posts until the fall Of 1905. The
French we're sent to seres, the Eng
lish to Drama, the Austriang to Uskub.
the Italians to Monastir and the Rus
SLAMS to Salonica. The Germans held
back even at this early date in the
reform era. They only sent one Off
Ger, and he was instructed to refuse
to enter the disturbed districts. He
contented himself with teaching Turk
ish recruits the goose-step in the bar
racks yards Of Salonica.
AS It has well been said, every one
Of the. powers wishes to modify the
present situation. but, unhappily, ii
would appear that each one wished
TO modify it for its personal advan-
tage, and, alas. profit. In a word the
news from Macedonia is that the
of Christendom have come
to blows, not with the assasslns Of the
sultan. who are seeking to destroy the
remnants Of the congregation that st.
Paul loved, but among themselves
over sordid question Of political loot.
Worlds Peace lmperlIed.
However, the statements made in
the British parliament recently by
government officials in regard to the
question go to show that
there was something In the reports
-elegraphed some days ago about the
possible disruption Of the concert Of
he European powers and subsequent
.rouble in the near east. The secre-
.ary for foreign affairs said emphat-
cally that If Macedonia continued to
'e neglected a catastrophe would
iollow.
It is, indeed, time that effective re-
orm measures should be put in force
n Macedonia for the good of the
Christian inhabitants of the province.
A foreign general officer has been
n charge of the Macedonian
with other foreign Off
ers under him, but supreme control
las remained in the hands of Turkish
'ftieials. As long as that Is the case
cal reform is out of the question.
The British government, recogniz-
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1908-03-18
WHEN ALEXANDER l., czAR OF
RUSSIA, DIED.
Legend That He Abdicated and Died
Forty Years After His Sup
posed Death Has Been
Dsproved.

Certainty as to the death OF Alex
ander !. has resulted from the find
ing of documents by the Grand Duke
Nicholas which disprove the accuracy
OF the legend, common enough among
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1908-03-18

ready for railways, and many more OF
them. Ten years ago the complaint OF
little Servia and the veto Of Russia
would, Of course, have brought these
projects to an untimely end but to,
day the balance Of power in the near
east has changed as greatly as it has
IN the far east, and the protests are
more likely to fall to the ground than
are the projected railways.
The story of the so-called reforms
IN Macedonia is sad and sordid
one. Officially, at least, all Christen-
dom with long pull and a pull alto
getAeF, has been unequal to the task
q making the sick man of Europe" sit
up, or Of bringing the "unspeakable
Turk to book In England alone of
al the great powers interested, and
indeed, morally responsible for the
horrors Of daily and hourly occurrence
In the luckless vllayets, is there any
appreciation of the dreadful situation.
Almost weekly the Macedonian com
mittee, Of which Lord Newton and Mr..
Gurney are the most active members.
publish statistics setting forth as
plainly as cold figures can make them,
that the present laissez faire policy
Of the powers has only served to repro
duce a tableau Of what in the iron age
the world must have been.
England Hampered.
The English humanitarians are ham
pered in their work by the undeniable
fact that through the action of the
earl Of Beaconsfied and Lord Sails
bury at the Berlin congress. when they
thwarted Ignatieff's plan Of greater
Bulgaria, including a free Macedonia.
England is primarily responsible for
the present stains Of affairs. They
are further hampered by the presence
in Constantinople Of an incompetent
ambassador, who has given undeniabIe
proofs Of his want Of capacity in such
important posts as he has occupied in
Sofia, in Pekin and in ST. Petersburg.
The first whisper Of reform-in
what we call Macedonia-cam in vir-
tue Of the accord Of 1879 between Aus
tria and Russia, and their recognition
by other European states as the pow
ers most directly concerned. The adj
vice Of the powers was accepted
gracefully-it always is-by the sui
tan, and with the purpose Of forestall-
ing any possible drastic action the
sultan himself drew up a program Of
reforms, and appointed that adrolt
diplomatist and profound student Of
human nature, Husseln Hilmi Pasha.
inspector general Of the disturbed
Drawing Up Programs.
The moment Hilmi Pasha arrived at
Salonica to assume his herculean task
the late Count LamsdorH, the Russian
m3nfefar far forofon ,ef,fra -
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1908-03-18

They are rising In the Ottoman EN-.
pire Every day a feather falls from
the wings Of the Turkish eagle"
So 1t seemed to this far-sighted man
several centuries ago. but today there
Is only one fact Of the Balkan situa.
tion upon which all sane weElerners
agree. and that is the growing
strength Of the Turkish military re-
sources. writes Stephen Bonsal in the
Philadelphia Ledger. That is formid-
able body Of trained and fanatical
men, some 100000 strong. that tram
pies the Christian peasants Of Mace
donia under foot, and, after hooking
the situation over, the intervening
powers Of Christianity have not fallen
on this rugged host but have fallen
out among themselves on a question
Of railway concessions.
Thirst for Advantage.
Tie ezar Of holy Russia and EN-.
peror Joseph who was called to rule
the hoy Roman empire. are exchang.
ing letters which, while the diplomat.
ic forms are sill observed recall The
wofdy wars Of railway kings. The al
lance or entente between the powers
which was to press reforms upon the
porte that would make 1t possible for
the Christian subjects OF the porte
to live in peace and yet live Christian
lives, has been disrupted BY the greed
Of gain and the thirst for political ad-
vantage experienced by the powers
which have in the last decade plumed
themselves upon exercising a mandate
in Macedonia which they had received
from outraged humanity
II is a pitiful end Of the reform
decade, and the best that can be sald
Of the situation is that to-day the
Christian peasants are not much worse
OFF than they were before, and that
those who have survived their hard
experiences are probably much wiser
than they were when they began their
political schooling under such august
patronage. Taking the optimistic
view, the Turkish soldier is not al.
ways a brute and the Turkish effendi
not always a thief. Looking backward
nov, the more than decimated peas
antry Of the Macedonian highlands
doubtless recall the pleasant days Of
before the uprising. the days when
they had not heard Of a Pan-sIav or a
fan-helienle propaganda, when they
didn't know whether they were serY-
ans, koumanians Bulgarians or
Greeks, and didn't much care.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1908-03-18

and If she had the intention, she has
not the money. This road would cost
millions, and goes through a difficult
and what railway men cali very
lean" country 1t would never pay;
that is not within the ken Of the
present generation. and could only
serve a political purpose which Russia
will be unable to pursue for many
years to come.
On the other hand, Austria has the
right to build her railway, or rather
the gaps In the present system. Il is
a right that was granted BY al article
Of the Berlin treaty, and it has not
lapsed simply because the Austrian
government has allowed the matter
to lie in allegiance for 50 many years.
The other rumored Austrian project Of
building a road FROM her Bosnian
Herzegovina system to the Adriatic.
and then down the coast to Montene-
gro, and ultimately to Greece, is a
sound idea, and one that would pay
for itself handsomely, at least so far
81 Cattaro, and probably there is no
idea Of pushing the road much fur.
ther In the immediate future.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1908-03-18
WorId.MIde pIstrIbutIon d ths Mostem Ealth.

AT
and
Mosms
the Times to
Is due movement the part Of the Ydz
degenerate conquered The distribution
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1908-03-18

Under the fostering care Of Herr
von Kallay, the provinces Of Bosnia,
Of Herzegovina, and In a measure, too
Dalmatia have fourished under Aus.
trian rule and development. They are
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1908-03-18
Drawing Up Programs.

The moment Hilmi Pasha arrived at
salonica to assume his herculean task
the late Count Lamsdorff, the Russian
minister for foreign affairs, set out
Tor visit to the capitals Of the Balkan
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1908-03-18
The Railway Row.

The railway row is clearly a pretext
for and not the cause Of the split iu
the joint Macedonian policy Of Russia
and Austria Russia has not even the
remotest Intention Of building a rail-
way from the Danube to the Adriatic.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1908-03-18

However, at least, the Muerzsteg pro-
gram created two organs Of control
or buffers between the Turkish au-
thorities and the Christian peasants
Of Macedonia. Two civil agents, one
Mons. Demerik, a Russian, and the
other Herr Won Muller, an Austrian,
Hattiesburg daily news. (Hattiesburg, Miss.) 1907-1908, 1908-04-28
MAD AIIyu Is
50 YEARS old
IS Not Left Grounds Of the Cas-
tie Since 1873, When He
Went Crazy.
Associated Press.

Munich. Bavaria, April 27.--King
Otto, the mad monarch of Bavaria, is
today so years old, and is celebrating
the anniversary immured in the gor.
geous prison of Castle Furstenried,
where he has spent 38 years.
King Otto was born April 81, 1S48,
and succeeded his brother, Ludwig
H., June 10. 1886. when that monarch
committed suicide by drowning himself
in the Starnburg Lake. At that time
he was insane. and the real monarch
is Prince Luitpold, Otto's uncle. who
rules Bavaria as regent.
OF King ottos 60 years, So have
been passed as a mailman, although
Tor 20 years he has ostensibly occu-
pied Bawaria,s throne. Physicians
are Of opinion that Otto's robust con-
stitution will enable him to "reign"
many years more.
Since 1873 Otto has not left the
: house and park of Castle Fursten-
ried, which is on the outskirts Of
Munich.
Fifteen gorgeousiy appointed par
--lors, connected by mighty folding
doors. are at the exclusive disposal
of the royal mailman, who amuses
himself year in and year out by
smashing furniture, breaking up stat
uary and smearing mud over paint.
ings and wall ilangings.
Hattiesburg daily news. (Hattiesburg, Miss.) 1907-1908, 1908-04-28
Cured Of Rheumatism.

Mr.. VIM. Henry, of Chattanooga.
Tenn, had rheumatism in his left arm.
"The strength seemed to have gone
out Of the muscles so that 1t was use
less for work." ne says, II applied
Chaberlain's Pain Balm and wrapped
the arm in flannel at night, and to my
relief ] found that the pain gradually
left me and the strength returned. In
three weeks the rheumatism had dis
appeared and has not since returned"
If troubled with rheumatism try few
applications of Pain Balm. You are
certain to be pleased with the relief
which 1t affords. For sale by Hays
& Field, Yellow Pine Pharmacy.