davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1908-10-14
WATERWAY ENDORSED
Second Day of the Great Waterway
Conference Addressed By Colonel
Bryan and Others.

Chicago, Special.-Addresses by
William J. Bryan and Clifford Pinchot
the latter being chairman Of the ma
tional conservation commission, the
reading OF a letter from James ].
Hill, short addresses by delegates,
and big reception at the Coliseum
at night were the features Of the sec
ond day Of the convention of the
Lakes-to-the-Gulf Deep Waterways
Association. Mr. Bryan, who spoke
earnestly in favor of deep waterways,
not only from the lakes to the gulf
but in all other parts of the country,
where increased transportation facil-
tiles were needed, was an enthusiast
cally received, as was William h.
Taft when he opened the convention
the previous day.
MIR. Bryan's Address.
In addressing the convention Mr..
Bryan said in part:
"You cannot give the people too
good facilities for transportation Of
their merchandise. If you tell me
you want to improve the Mississippi
I tell you that is all right, l will help
you improve it just as far as you
please, and make the canal as wide
as you please and as deep as you
please, and when you get to improV-
ing the Mississippi I will start out all
alone if necessary to improve every
river that empties into the Mississip-,
pi. Water transportation is the nat
ural transportation. God made the
rivers, man made the railroads. When
you finish a river sufficiently deep for
commerce, or canal upon which
boats can float, you make it possible
Cor a man with small capital to act
While the railroads make it possible
for men with large capital to act.
Where there is a river any man who
can build a boat can engage in trans
portation, and if he cannot build a
big boat he can build little boat and
if you have a large number of little
boats the big boat will have to meet
the rate that the little boat fixes. You
will find it much easier to regulate
rates on water than on land because
competition can be much more active
on water than on land. We are an
exporting nation. We send our agri-
cultural products to foreign markets,
and when our wheat or our cotton
reaches the London market its price is
fixed there by the competition which
it meets. If a bushel Of wheat sells
for dollar in London and it takes
fifty cents to get it from the farm to
London the farmer gets fifty cents a
bushel for his wheat. II you can so
improve transportation that the far
mer can get his wheat from his farm
to Liverpool for twenty-five cents you
have added twenty-five cents to the
farmers price for this wheat. 1t is
a fact that is admitted at-tha-rai'-
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1908-10-14
School Information Wanted.

Superintendent of Education Mar
tin has requested the county superin-
tendents of education to send him a
brief description of school conditions
N their respective counties, and also
an outline of the greatest needs of
the schools, as they may appear to
the county superintendents. Mr.. Mar
tin proposes to incorporate these ar
ticles in his last annual report, which
will be the fortieth annual report of
the department of education. He be-
lieves that this collection of short ar
ticles in addition to the statistical re-
ports from the county superintendents
will be beneficial, not only to the leg
islature, but also to the future stu
dents of our educational development.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1908-10-14

: OUR SCHOOLS F.:
By PROF. WILLIAM H. HAND,
University Of South Carolina.
Paper Number Five. :
OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES.

Inadequate Supervision.-In South
Carolina there are three units OF
school administration-the State, the
county, and the school district. "An
educational system is a great busi-
ness. I" In every organized business
there must be machinery; that ma
chinery must be repaired, adjusted,
and articulated; and some competent
responsible person must supervise
that machinery. A successful super
visor must be capable man, an ex-
perienced man, and courageous
man. He must be reasonably well
paid, definitely responsible to some
body, and reasonably secure in his
position as long as he is efficient.
What of the supervision of our edu-
cational systemq What do we cx-
pect, and what have ye a right tc
expect7
What does the fundamental law of
the State require in the office of the
State Superintendent Does it re-
quire that he shall be an educated
man, or man Of experience in school
affairs, or a man who knows anything
of teaching and of teachers, or a man
himself qualified to teach7 He i x
pected to direct the educational pol
icy of State, and to maintain a sys-
tenn Of school for over three hundred
thousand children. What salary is
offered to man big enough to fill
this position9 Nineteen hundred dol
lars a year. How does this rank with
the salary offered a'man big enough
to run one cotton mill? How does
he get the position, ano<sn what does
the security Of it depend? What is
likely to be his reward. for any dis
play of courage in his Office? Every
second year he is compelled to neglect
the duties Of his Office for at least
two months and to spend at least
four hundred dollars TO get the OPP
portunity to speak ten minutes in
each county telling the dear (indif-
ferent) people that he should be re-
elected. Under our present system
of electing the State Superintendent,
and with the two-year tenure of office
the entire educational policy of the
State may be reversed inside one
year. In a recent editorial The News
and Courier pertinently says, "In
late years the people have shown
growing improvement in their esti-
mate of the place Of superintendent
of education, choosing as rule. train
ed teachers for it, {" but
there is no assurance so long as the
office is filled by popular vate that
incapable men will not be elected to
it solely because Of their ingratiat-
ing manner, or as reward for poll
tical service. The
=s=t-z~e'7s'a'snation- should
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1908-10-14

intendent would avail out little un-
less the county superintendent were
able, willing and courageous enough
to carry these policies to success. In
the matter of administration the
county superintendency is the key to
the situation. What DO we require
of the county superintendent, what
do we expect, what do we get, and
what do Eve give? Do we require that
the county superintendent shall be
an expert or experienced educator7
Is he required to have any knowledge
of. schools or of teaching7 Is there
anything to prohibit an illiterate from
holding that office? He is not re-
quired to be competent to teach, al
though by law he IS required to give
his teachers instruction in the art
and methods of teaching. Does the
county demand that its superinten-
dent be at least the equal of the super
intendent in court house town? TO be
perfectly plain and honest, have we
not had men elected and reelected
to the office of county superintendent
to supervise the whole county, who
could not have been elected to any po-
sition in the best schools of their
counties7 Many of them would not
essay to teach in the best schools of
their counties. They understand full
we'll that the public does not expect
such fitness of them. That is our
fault, not theirs. The public mind
does not think of county superin-
tendent as a man of education, ex-
perience, tact, and leadership in
school matters. 1t thinks of him as
man who listens to neighborhood
quarrels about district lines, and
about the appointment and removal of
trustees, and who sits in his Office
one day in the week to sign teachers
pay warrants.
In speaking thus of incompetent
county superintendents, 1 have no in
tention whatever of being personal.
1 am happy to count among my best
friends in the State many of the
county superintendents. Many of
them are competent and efficient men,
sacrificing themselves on the altar of
an unappreciative public, for their
reward is contemplate. We ask for
ty-two qualified men to direct over
6,200 teachers, to act as guardians for
3l4,000 children, and to keep and to
disburse nearly million and half
dollars; we offer them an average of
1854, an insult to an efficient man
The city of Greenville has convinced
itself that it is economy to pay its
superintendent $1.SOO a year to sup
ervise the work of "A teachers; while
Greenville county pays its superiten-
dent 500 to supervise 275 teachers.
Sumter pays its city superintendent
$2,40O year to direct 3G teachers;
Sumter county offers its superinten-
dent 5000 to direct about $50 teach
ers. It is a source Of wonder why we
have as many efficient county super
intendents as we have. All honor to
the competent man patriotic enough
to serve his county on contemplate
salary But shame upon people
who compel patriotism to crawl in the
dustI
I know that we have some peoplu
who claim that our schools are al.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1908-10-14
Russia Getting Her Fleet Ready.

St. Petersburg, BY Cable.-Fearful
that Austria intends to take advan-
tage of the commotion in servia to
deal the boldest blow Of all-annexa-
tion of Servia-tf Car has ordered
the mobilization of the Black Sea
fleet Russia still insists. upon an in
ternational conference to completely
revise the Berlin treaty, while the
latest word from England is that she
has not receded from her position
that. only existing issues must be
considered.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1908-10-14
Verdict Against Southern.

spartanburg, Special.-In the suit
against the Southern Railway for
damages in the sum of $4,000
brought by j. NJ. Turby6ll, admins
traitor of the estate of Miss B. Hand,
the young school teacher who was
killed at Duncan last November while
crossing the railway tracks, the jury
returned verdict $4,000 dollars. Miss
Hand was on her way to visit sick
friends, and while crossing the tracks
was struck by No. 81, which was run
ming several hours late. The young
lady was sister of Prof. Hand, of
South Carolina University.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1908-10-14
N. G. g. St. L. Detective Killed.

Chattanooga, Tenn, Special.-T. j.
McElhaney, special detective for the
Nashville, Chattanooga G.. st. Louis
Railway, was shot and killed early
Sunday while on duty in the yards of
the railroad company at Cravens, two
miles from the union station. w. s..
Smith. who was until recently en-
ployed as a detective for the road, is
in Jail charged with the crime. Blood
hounds were put on the trail and
tracked Smith to his home. The men,
it is said, had been on bad terms for
some time. McElhaney leaves wife
and seven children.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1908-10-14
Terrorizing Negroes.

Montgomery, Ala, special.-A spe-
cial from Tuscaloosa, Ala, says: A
negro Baptist church and lodge hall
located at Spring Hill, Ala, were
burned Friday night by unknown
persons. A band of horsemen al
legged to have been organized with the
intention of driving the negroes out
of the community, are said to have
set fire tc the church and hall.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1908-10-14
Quiet in the Near East.

London, By Cable.-Belgrade, the
storm center in the present Balkan
situation, has ouieted down. After a
long secret session, the National As
sembly has taken no definite action
with regard to making war upon Aus
tria-Hungary. The city itself has
quieted down, the people apparently
realizing that war would mean the de-
struction of Servian nationality.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1908-10-14
Need Money to Build Bridges.

spartanburg, Specialize county
commissioners have not as yet sue
ceeded in raising 100000 with which
to rebuild bridges that we're washed
away, during the August food. The
commissioners have had several con-
ferences and various methods Of rails
ing finances have been discussed. A
trust company has offered to loan
100000 for period of thirty years
at 5 per cent, but the offer has not
been accepted. More than fiftys brid-
ees are down, many of them very i'm
portant steel structures.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1908-10-14
Property Values in Lexington.

Lexington, Special.-County Audi
tor W. D. Dent completed his abstract
of property values in Lexington coun-
ty on October l. The figures of the
abstract as shown by the auditors
books for 1907 give a total valuation
of s5,335.729, while for the fiscal
yead, 1908, the total valuation is $5,-
299, ,7O9, the decrease being due large
ly to that portion of the county that
voted itself into Calhoun, and to- a
slight reduction in the taxable valu-
alton of the railroads. The State
will receive $2,91440, compared to
$2,41O.78 for the year 1907.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1908-10-14
NOTES FROM ACROSS SEAS

New South Wales has surplu
nearly sS,5O0,O 900 for the year.
Turkey imports nearly $4,000,
worth of paper of all kinds each
A Polish firm is building the
beet sugar factory in Manchuria,
Harbin.
Switzerland has voted to prob
the manufacture. sale and impo
ton of absinthe.
Flour milling in Brazil is steat -
ousting the -four of others countries,
on which Brazil was formerly de-
pendent.
Rome's Municipal. Council has de-
cided by a vote Of 81 to to abolish
all religious teaching in the elemene
tary schools.
Japan's Government expense for
education is S7,000,000 year. Mu-
inequalities also spend literally for
this purpose.
Experiments are being made with
new machinery on the Chilean nitrate
fields which are expected to decrease
the cost Of production fifty per cent.
New Zealand's revenue during the
financial year just closed was S45,-
600 900 and the expenditures reached
Sal 900, 600. leaving surplus of s4,-
00u,Utc.
Great Britain imports about S140,-
200 900 worth of timber, wood and
manufactures thereof yearly, of which
the United States supplies about s22,-
100000 worth.
So much dissatisfaction Is felt In
Germany about the Governments
naval plans that the seceders from the
Navy League of Germany are expect
ed to number 100000.
Since 1S95-9S the allowance for
the support of the Imperial House.
hold of Japan has remained at ST.
100000 year, in spite of the great
progress Of the country.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1908-10-14
To Increase Bank Examinations.

Washington, special.-Comptroller
of the Currency Murray has decided
to increase the number of national
bank examinations, in many cases
from twice to three or four times
year. 1t is not his purpose, he says.
to examine all national banks four
or even three times year, but the
new rule will be made to apply to
all national banks that have in the
past shown a disposition to violate
or evade any provisions of the ma
tional banking laws or the regulations
prescribed by the Comptroller of the
Currency.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1908-10-14
Charlotte Produce.
Wright to Speak in Richmond.

Washington, Special. = Secretary
Wright has received invitations from
Norfolk and I,yncfburg. Va, to
speak on behalf of Judge Taft before
the close of the campaign but has not
decided whether to accept. He will
speak at Richmond on the 2Sth in
slant. He said that he did not ex-
pect to speak in Tennessee during the
campaign.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1908-10-14
spartanburg May Get orphanage.

spartanburg, special-The com.
mittee having in charge the matter Of
selecting location for the Episcopal
orphan:ge will visit Spartanburg in
the near future to further consider
the advisability Of selecting Spartan
burg. Well known citizens here have
agreed to. give fifty acres Of land in
the suburbs for the home.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1908-10-14
PECTACULARFAI||L|..l 4
Aerona::ts Experience a crop
Q, Two Thousand Feet
LAND WITH BUT SLIGHT INJURY
American Balloon Conqueror Bursts
at the Height of 4eOO Feet, Frscip=
itating the Aeronsuts to the Roof
of a House in Berlin Suburb

Berlin, By Cable.-The internation-
al balloon race which started Sunday
from the suburb Of SehmargeIdorf,
was the occasion of thrilling sacci-
dent, two American aeronauts having
miraculous escape from deaths4The
American balloon Conqueror, e:sonly
American built craft in the contest,
having on board A. Holland Forbes
and Augustus Post, less than twosmin-
utes after the start burst at ansalti-
tude of 1000 feet. For 1000 feet it
shot down like bullet, and then the
torn silk bag assumed the shapesof a
parachute, thus checking the rardity
of the descent. Coming close t9 the
earth, however, the basket smashed
into the roof of a house, but the3two
men escaped with but slight bruises.
The race, in which twenty-three
balloons participated, representing
Great Britaint, France, Germany the
United States, Switzerland, Italy, Bel
GUM and Spain, started at 3 o'clock
Sunday afternoon in the presencc of
at least $4,000 spectators. TheSfrst
balloon sent away was the "Atne1i-
ca H." under command Of James c.
Mccoy, who was accompanied by
Lieutenant Toghmann. The balloon
was decorated with the Stars and
Stripes and it sailed away toi the
southeast at rapid pace, the oero-
nauts waving their hats.
Dramatic Occasion.
A representative of each of the:oth-
er nations followed the American
balloon in succession at intervals of
two minutes, the national hymn of the
respective countries ringing forth as
The ropes were cast loose.
The second batch of eight balloons
was led by Forbes in The Conqueror,
which reached nigh altitude in an
Incredibly short penoi. '!.e basket
swaying violearly. Tier almost III
stantly a cry of horror arose from
the crowd who saw the silk collapse
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1908-10-14
England to Help Turkey.

London, By Cable.-England gave
her first tangible evidence of support
ing Turkey by ordering the battle,
ships Glory and Prince of Wales and
the cruisers Diana and Lancaster to
proceed at once from Malta to the
island Of Lemos, which is in the Gre
clan archipelago and belongs to Tur-
kew. England is acting upon the rep
resentation Of Turkey that the pres'
ence Of an English feet can calm the
Turkish population and prevent the
vpo!latios OF the empire,
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1908-10-14
Marked Falling Off in Greater New
York Registration.

New York, Special.-Registration
for the first three days in Greater
New York as shown by corrected fig
ures reveals a marked falling off from
that of four years ago. For the three
days the corrected figures show for
Greater New York a registration this
year of 54O,O95 as compared with
573.523 four years ago-a loss of
33.423.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1908-10-14
Shot and Killed at Lodge Meeting.

Anderson, S. c., special.-While at
tending meeting of negro lodge
of Odd Fellows near Antreville. IN
Abbevil!e county, last night, Henry
Aston. colored, was shot by Major
Smith, a negro of bad equation. Ais
ton died this morning and the eoro-
ner of Abbeville held. an inquest, a
verdict being returned charging
Smith with murder. Smith has skip.
ped the country. Tt is understood
That the difficulty arose over some
discussion in the lodge room.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1908-10-14
Covers the Field.

AS a purveyor of reliable news
The Columbia State is easily in a
class by itself. With unsurpassed
facilities for gathering the worlds
happenings, added to its own staff of
reliable and energetic special CORES
both State and general
events are recorded with degree of
exactness and detail that cannot be
In this campaign year
when things are constantlE-hanae'''""
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1908-10-14
Kills Wife and Suicides.

York, Pa, special.-William Ben;
nington shot and killed his wife and
then committed suicide. Bennington
followed his wife to church with 9
horse and buggy and fired a load OF
shot into her body just as she was
about to enter the church. He ther
drove across the State line into Mary
land, where he reloaded the shot gnn
placed the barrel against his stomach
and pulled the trigger. The crime
is said to have been prompted by 3fal
eNsy,
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1908-10-14
Suicide Pact Suspected.

Lincoln, Neb., Special.-9. L. Shcp-
pard, travelling salesman and Mrs.
Leona. Bruner, stewardess at the Lin
coin Commercial Club, were found
dead in apartments of the man. Gas
was pouring from jet in the room.
The supposition lof the police is that
they turned on the gas with suicidal
intent, though the possibility of acci-
dental death is admitted. Sheppard
and Mrs. Bruner were we'll known in
Lincoln. Both were divorced.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1908-10-14
Fire Threatens White House Stables

Washington, Special.-Fire of un-
known origin was discovered in the
loft of the White House stables about
$3.50 O'Clock Sunday morning, causing
fifteen dollars damage. But for the
prompt work of the stable keeper aud
his assistant the building, in which
are reused several Of the Presidents
thoroughbreds, would have been de-
slroyed. The stables are at Seven
tcentb and e streets, some distance
from the White House.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1908-10-14

Newberry, special.-The corpora
tors of the Edgefeld, Augusta and
Greenwood Electric Railrad held a
meeting in Edgefeld on Wednesday of
last week to consider proposals for
the preliminary survey. A number
of bids were sub omitted and several
gentlemen were present in person to
explain the bids which they had of
fered. No definite action was taken
by the corporators, but a special COM
mittee YVES appointed to go through
the surveyors bids aud report to the
adjourned meeting Of the eosporators
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1908-10-14
Two Grades Eliminated.

New Orleans, Special.-Directors of
the New Orleans cotton exchange an
nounced that they had eliminated low
middling stained and strict low mid
ding stained from the list of tender
able grades. So mnch discussion re-
suited from the change that the direc-
tors have called a special meeting of
the members of the exchange for next
Monday to get their opinion on the
matter
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1908-10-14
Missionary Convention Holds Big
Mass Meeting.

New Orleans, Special.-At mass
meeting in the Athenaeum Cephas
Shelbourne, of Dallas, Tex, preached
to a great audience attending the in
ternational missionary convention Of
the churches of Christ Mr.. Shell
bourne took as his theme the fact
that an inscription was written on the
cross of Christ in three languages and
developed from this incident an ar
gument showing how modern churches
of all crccds are pushing aside denom-
national barriers in favor of more in
innate relations with each other.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1908-10-14
carneigie Gives Big Amount.

New York, Specialize fact that
Andrew Carnegie has contributed
$4,000 to the campaign fund of the
Republican national committee was
announced by State Chairman Tim
othy Woodruff. Mr.. Woodruff also
announced that Mrs. Russell Sage has
contributed $1,000 to the same fund.
There have been no other large con-
tributions from individuals, Mr..
Woodruff said, but small sums are
coming in from various sources.
Edgefield advertiser. [volume] (Edgefield, S.C.) 1836-current, 1908-10-14
Warlike Attitude Of servia.

Belgrade, By Cable.-All the army
reservists were ordered to join the
colors on Sunday, and declaration
of war against Austria will prob
ably be made then. The whole OF Ser
via is clamoring for a war with Aus
tria. and King Peter seems powerlcss
to restrain his people. The mobiliza-
tion of troops is being carried on
amid scenes Of the widest enthusi-
aSm.