Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1908-07-01

general society in Dublin. This work
has been going on ever since, until We
have now about $4,000 members mostly
small landowners and farmers; altnougn
in the southern counties We have several
prominent ones.
Organized Cooperative Creameries.
1.-The next step was to organize cooper
alive creameries. the farmers contribut-
ing the capital and sharing the returns as
in the United States. They deliver their
milk at the creameries every day and re-
ceive credit tickets for 1t. which are set
tied once month. This has proven to be
a great economy over the old plan where
ca ch farmer made his own butter at
home. because it was badly made as
Tule, brought low price and kept down
the reputation of the dairy industry In
Ireland. We have now In operation 800
cooperative creameries. to which forty
thousand farmers contribute Inc Dutter
is exported to England and Scotland by
the managers under the supervision of
committee. The reputation of Irish but
ter has been restored. 1t commands -
cents pound. about the same as the
Danish butter whereas farm butter used
to bring only Is or 18 cents a pound. and
1t is difficult to sell It even at that price
these days in competition with the CO.
operative creamerieS.
I'VE have introduced the most modern
cry Pasteurization is being generally
adopted and our cooling machinery per-
mits the ripening of cream much more
accurately and the production of better
butter with lower per cent OF moisture
The creameries are setting an excellent
example in planting ornamental shrubs
around the buildings and forest trees for
shelter while several have laid out at
tractive gardens. These external signs OF
care and taste make a favorable impress
oil the nlhlic and the cTeamertoS
are being constantly visited by people
from all parts Of the country.
Our next step was TO organize socie-
ties among the farmers for the co-opera-
tive purchase of supplies of various
kinds; for the purchase of seeds. ma
nures. feeding stuffs. machinery. imrle-
ments. carts. harness and everything
farmer needs but his livestock. We have
one central agency ut Dublin acting for
about two hundred local societies in DIFF
ferent parts of ireland, representing about
seventeen thousand families. who buy
everything they want in that way at
the local dealers. They ara always sure
of getting wholesale prices the best quail
ity of articles and there is no possibility
Of being swindled. Every buyer gets what
ne orders, which is very important. par
ticularly If 1t concerns seeds. A farmer
who wants a machine. or lot "a seeds
or new kind of potatoes. a cart or
anything else. fills up a blank prepared
for that purpose. posts IL 10 the secretary
of the society and the latter orders the
articles from the central agency. to be
paid for upon shipment in cash. This
cooperative movement has been a tre
mendous success and is entering directly
into the lives of the people.
Cooperative Credit Societies.
1.-The next STEP" continued Mr.. Ander-
son, was to organize cooperative credit
societies from which farmers WHO are
members may borrow money at low rates
and keep out of the hands of the gom-
been men-the Celtic word for usurer-
who bleed their clients in a merciless
manner. The loans are made for
productive purposes only-to buy better
machinery. more cattle, sheep. swine and
horses, seeds and manures and other
things of tangible value. We do not
loan money to pay debts or fines. or to
get wild boys out of trouble or to pay
blackmail or to provide dowries for mar
riageable daughters. All these things are
prohibited and the managers look to it
that not a penny OF the societys money
Is invested in any speculative enterprise.
There are 270 OF these agricultural CO.
operative credit societies in Ireland under
the supervision of our organization, with
about 100 members. and they handle
an average of SbOo.O00 in loans avera gfng
not more than SD. which amount shows
that they are serving the purpose for
which they were intendsd-to help the
small farmer to improve his condition.
1T is quite remarkable. said Mr.. An
dersOu, that none Of these societies has