The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1908-10-16
BULGARIA DECLARES HER
FREEDOM FROM TURKEY
Austria Annexes States, NuIIify.
ing Treaty of Berlin.
ENGLAND STRONGLY HOSTILE
Prince Ferdinand Proclaimed Car OF
the Bulsarians With Simple But
Impressive Ceremony at Tirno-
70. the Ancient Capital.

London. = The independence OF
Bulgaria was proclaimed in the an
cient capital of Tirnovo, with the
Car Of the Bulgarians as ruler. Gar
Of the Bulgarians is recognized to
mean more than Car of Bulgaria.
because it IS a distinct intimation
that he regards his country as having
sovereignty over all people of that
blood in the Near East. Within a
day or two Austria-Hungary, which
has been working with Prince Fer
iinand in this preconcerted plan. will
proclaim the new status OF Bosnia
and Herzegovina. The question,
which has been stirring the whole of
Europe more deeply than any similar
question in the memory of the pres
ent generation is, does it mean war?
From all the capitals come reports
indicating that It means. first of all,
another European congress OF the
signers of the Treaty Of Berlin to
consider the situation and probably
revise the treaty. Turkey, caught in
: moment Of weakness, is the victim
d this situation, and while some H.
ternational animosities have been
stirred up. probably no Power is will
ing TO make war. Reports from the
smancipated Turkish press TO Lon
ion indicate that the Young Turks"
will swallow this bitter pill as best
.hey can and. if they do, naturally
the Bulgarians, while willing and
eager for war, will have no cause on
which to base the beginning OF hos
Utilities.
From the British standpoint, the
whole affair has been surprise, and
more than surprise. because for the
first time in years the British Gov
srnment felt itself. with apparently
perfect understanding with France
and Russia and complete friendship
With Italy. TO be il position where
I dominated European politics, re-
serving out OF this consideration the
almost open enmity between itself
and Germany.
Probably never in the history OF
Europe has politics taken such amaz-
:ngly kaleidoscope revolutions as
turing the past week. An eltanglilg
situation will come when the sigma
tories OF the Berlin treaty meet TO
consider what action shall be taken
regarding the violations OF the treaty.
Great Britain has served notice
that il does not recognize the right
Of any OF the parties 10 this treaty 10
violate rs provisions without consult
ing the others, but English diplomats
know that the conference will resolve
itself into : scramble among the
Powers 20 get what is termed in
European politics -ccnpensating adj
Tantages, which Austria, backed by
Germany, has already obtained.
The Official statement, issued by
the British Foreign Office, says:
His Eajesty's Government cannot
admit the right Of any Power to alter
an international treaty without the
consent OF the other parties TO il, and
ii therefore refuses 10 sanction any
lnfraction OF the Berlin treaty and
declines TO recognize what has been
done until the views Of the other
Powers are known, especially those
Of Turkey, which IS more directly
concerned than any one else.
The chances OF war between Bull
gaTia and Turkey are being minimized
b. Great Britain and France, who
are working together and who have
advised Turkey against IL Turkey
apparently is disposed TO follow this
advice. and il is believed that If hasty
action on the part OF Turkey can be
prevented. Bulgaria will have diff
Guilty in finding an excuse to begin
war.