Dakota farmers' leader. (Canton, S.D.) 1890-19??, 1908-01-17

OF last summer travelling through
Scandinavia, especially Norway, and
made copious notes which he has put
In shape for publication. He has fur-
nished the LEADER with a number OF
his letters and the first one appears
this week
Christiana, Norway.
August IA, 1907.
The backward spring and the rainy,
cool summer weather, which seems to
have visited all northern ATTITUDES
this year, has made exception Of Sean
dinayia.
Rain seems to have been a daily oc-
curence here most of the time and
the temperature for spring and sum-
mer weather has been unusually low.
To the average person, who has not
made the popularity of Scandinavian
climate a study, low temperature for
summer weather may seem natural,
because of the geographical situation
of the peninsula, which extends from
about So degrees to II degrees north
ern latitude, corresponding in lati-
tude to that section Of the American
continent,commencing at a point In
central Labrador and running, say
1900 miles north, and into the Arctic
circle.
Thus Judging from the degrees OF
ATTITUDES within which the Scandina-
Wan peninsula lies, one would expect
the climate to be uniformly severe
and inclement, but this is only the
case on the east coast and among the
central mountains. The climate of
the west coast is unusually mild, be-
ing influenced by the Atlantic and
the Gulf Stream, which impinges up
on it.
In the same latitude, which Frank
lin persisted in the Arctic regions OF
America and in which lies the almost
uninhabitable regions of eastern ST.
IBERIA, the waters OF these western
bays (fjords) Of Norway never freeze
except in their upper extremities.
AS one proceeds from west to east
and in some degree eyen from north
to south, the temperate character OF
the climate changes, and the winters
become more eve
The climate is prehaps most equa-
BILE at Skudenas near Suavanger, Nor
way, where the mean temperature OF
January is 34.7 degrees Fahrenheit
that of July 55.4 degrees, difference
POT degrees. There is no snow in
the winter along the coast north from
that point to Bergen though it rains
considerable during the winter
months. AT Stockholm, on the other
hand, the mean temperature Of Janu-
AIRY is 24.s degrees and that Of July
63.5 degrees; difference 1877 degrees,
and there, snow lies on the ground
most Of the winter, but thesclimate Is
dry, cold and the atmosphere is de-
lightfully bracing.
The line, which marks a mean jan
lary temperature Of 30 degrees Fab
renheit runs from Loften islapds In
the Arctic circle southwark along the
west coast of Norway, passingsa little
to the east Of Bergen and through the
inner part Of Stavanger bay (fjord),
thence southeast to Cape Lindesnes.
thence northeast to Christiana bay
and southwark to Gotenburg and Co
penhagen. The line marking a mean
Temperature of 23 degrees Fahrenheit
passes through Hammerfest, Saltda-
III Ian Tlprnc, (Nt1 pfct Ia no ord TTpcn1n Tr
the depth OF winter, therefore, the
Loften islands, in the arctic circle.
are not colder than Copenhagen, mol
Hammerfest than Christiana; again
while the mean temperature Of the
whole year at the north cape is 35.t
degrees Fahrenheit. it il no higher al
Ostersund In Jemtlandf552 miles far
ther south. 1t will thus be seen that
while the climate along the west
coast OF the Scandinavian peninsula
is comparatively equable throughout
the year o%naccount of the gulf stream
that OF the east coast and the interior
OF the country is made up Of 2 long Sc
we're winter and a short and some
times ~oppressiYely hot summer.
The average temperature Of the sea
Is 81 TO I degrees Fahrenheit warmer
than the air, being OF course, lower
than that Of the air in summer and
higher In winter. The healthiest
part Of the peninsula is probably the
island 1T Karmo, where the death
rate is only u per Thousand, the low.
est In the world. The average death
rate for Norway 10, for Sweden, q
per Thousand.
The rainfall in the interior Of the
peninsula IS less than on the coast.
The mean rainfall Is about 81 inches,
that of the east coast II inches and
that Of the west coast averages about
40 inches though 10 some places the
rainfull sometimes reaches from 10 &c
80 inches per annum.
Scandinavia Is the largest peninsula
In Europe and contains an area OF
about 900, 500 square miles and meas
ures .l,250 miles directly north and
south from Cape Lindesnes to Vadso
while the coast line Of Norway alone
disregarding i~ndentations of the In
Vulnerable bays, measures about 2,5Ot
miles, q corresponding distance from
the point Of Florida to Labrador.
81 NCrwuv hoe IN uroo ~ uho,,t "a nnf