The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1908-05-15

the second lot are crushed, the pro-
cess is gone through twice with each
lot and the result is an oil of the
first quality. Second quality oil is
made by turning boiling water on the
olive paste" and grinding and press
ing once more. The oil Is left to
clear until the dealers come up and,
digging into the oil I. fore-finger,
which they gravely suck, proceed to
make an offer.
Blessing the Oxen.
In February comes St. Anthony's
day, great day for the patient
oxen for it is their saints day, and
the village priest is coming to bless
them. Their stables are given such
a cleaning that at first they do not
recognize them and refuge to enter;
while their own white coats are
rubbed as spotlesr as cats shirt
front, till they gaze inquiringly at
the little colored picture of the saint
pinned above their manger, and Won
der what it all can mean. The priest
arrives and hurriedly recites the
blessing, sprinkling them with holy
water and they only vince little
as the drops from the brush fall on
their still sensitive skins, for they
seem to understand.
Harvest Days.
The peasants around Florence have
an old custom called Lighting up
the corn" which they all respect. On
Shrove Tuesday, as soon as night
falls, all the contadini sally forth and
with lighted wicks in their hands,
make a complete circuit of all their
fields in which the young wheat is
growing. And as they walk they
chant these lines:
Corn, corn. 6on't zee blight,
Here come to give &c light.
In the plain,
And on the hill
Let every sta k a busnel iii,
A bushel full, 4 bushel fair
A little loaf to every ear"
1t is a most picturesque sight t.
see the hundreds of little lights over
hill and valley as far as the eye can
see, and to feel that each light is in
the hand of some one who is Offering
up very genuine prayer, even
though it be Pagan one.
In the latter part of April the
olive-trees show the first signs of
flower-buds. The earlier they appear
the better is the. chance of a good
crop. The old Tuscan saving is that
if the flower-buds show in April you
will have barrels full as compared
with pint measures full if they do
not show till May.
On Easter day the farmer brings
his landlord 4 present of fine live
capon and dozen eggs, which are
considered his perquisites and are
never forgotten. IN June the little
figs appear, which ripen in August.
At the same time the wheat begins
to turn and the farmers life is one
constant round of work but fortu-
nately for him Italy mas many saints
days which are Invariably observed
as holidays. The grain IS all cut with
sickle and every one reaps for dear
life that the grain may be gathered
while the good weather lasts. Then
comes threshing, which is done with
fails and the winnowing with shov-
els. No sooner is the harvest over
and little rest enjoyed than comes
the gathering of the grapes. On
vintage day the farm is open to every
one to help with the picking. The
grapes are thrown into tall wooden
tubs, as they are picked, and there
pounded till the few grapes left are
swimming in the sweet must" The
ox-cart carries these tubs just as they
are into the vat, where in few
hours time they will be fermenting
furiously, bubbling like a geyser and
sending up great puffs of crimson
froth. The juice remains for some
days in the vat till fermentation has
almost ceased, then it is drawn off
and the skins pressed for the wine
which they still hold. The wine is
put into butts which have first been
thoroughly fumigated with sulphur,
and there it reposes until it reaches
ripe old age.
After the wine is safely stored
away, the peasants have great sup.
per, with music and merry-making.
So the year goes, sometimes nature
is kind and balance is carried to
the right -ide of the books, but N
the long run if sufficient is made to
cover all expenses and at the same
time provide comfortable living, the
farmer considers himself fortunate.