davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1908-06-13
SAEEpMEA ON A BIG RANCE
Care of Three Thousand Ewes a
Big Job and Owner Must
Have Long Training.
BY J. B. srErsoN, MONTANA.


1t is a different proposition to take
care OF band of 5000 ewes on a big
range than the care Of a dozen or
two on farm fenced in small lots.
On the great ranges OF the west
the Landing season begins about the
first of May and ends a month later.
The young lambs as soon as dropped
are Kept under cover until the weather
gets warm. A band of, say, 5000 ewes
requires about dozen men, under
the direction Of chief herder, and
they are busy day and night the en-
tire Landing season.
AS soon as lambs are dropped they
are put with their mothers into a
wagon and hauled to the main shed.
These wagons are divided into several
compartments, and as soon as q lamb
is dropped herder sees that 1t has
milk and then puts the eve and the
lamb into compartment and starts for
another. When he has a load the
wagon Is sent to the main corral and
another wagon is loaded.
/, When a eve refuses her lamb she
is put into small pen just big enough
to hold her, SO that the lamb may
have chance to suck without being
| butted away.
Sometimes as many as $50 lambs
are dropped every day, and when the
flock is scattered over a considerable
area the men are kept on the jump
every hour.
! The ewes and lambs are kept in small
punches until large number OF lambs
have been dropped. when the ewes and
lambs are then gathered into one large
band. This band Is added to until the
Landing season is nearly over, whes,
it is merged into the main band.
4 When the lambs are a month old
they are locked. marked, the bucks
castrated and they are then turned
i out to take their chances with their
mothers.
The tails are counted and by this
means the percentage Of increase and
the exact number Of lambs is OBJ
tanned.
I Large flocks should show an annual
increase of about rs per cent. Good
sheepmen claim that each lamb dropped
costs about % cents, but this depends
largely on the ability of the owner to-
keep down expenses. Herders are paid
4 from $35 to $50 month. Food is sup
piled to them. which they cook them
selves while on the range in summer
!. time. but during the winter cook is
selected for the general mess.
! Ranch hands are paid from $50 to
sS5 month and board, and they raise
i hay and do such other farming as is
necessary.
Dogs are used in every large herd,
: In fact. 1t would be impossible to prop
erly take care of large bands of sheep
without their aid. A WELL broken sheep
dog will bring from 500 to 5000.
The price for shearing sheep on the
range is about cents per head, and
the shearers must be fed The hand
shearer ties his own fleeces, but the
machine operator does eot.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1908-06-13
NUBBINs OF FARM NEWS

The Illinois Corn Growers associa-
ton is planning a great national corr
show for 1909.
A Chicago man was arrested for
stealing corn from a car, but when he
told the judge that he stole to keep his
chickens from starving he was re-
leased.
Mrs. w. B. Kendall of Bowdoinham
Me-, is said to have some ears of petri.
fed corn more than 1000 years old. II
is perfect in form and much resembles
the corn of this age
The act OF the Missouri legislature
requiring railroads to give free round
trip passes to shippers of carload lots
has been declared unconstitutional by
the State Supreme court.
A herd Of about forty deer devoured
the alfalfa and corn in the shock on
the farm of Hugh Pritchard, Lancaster,
Mo. And the law prevented him from
shutting them up or shooting them.
The old "101' ranch in Chase county
Kansas. consisting Of $500 acres, has
been sold for $4,000. Much OF this
land has been used for grazing pur.
poses, but will now be divided up inti
small farms.
The government has planned q series
of reseeding on several of the national
forest ranges next summer to deter
mine how those portions of the range
which have been damaged by overgraz-
ing may be restored. Six experimental
stations with five or six acre tracts
will be established at first.
The American Farm Products COM
pany, better known as the butter trust,
which was formed by Thomas F.. Ryan
of New York three years ago with 9
capital of $3,0o0,000, has failed to cor
ner the butter market. The capital OF
the company has been reduced to Sir
100000 and efforts to spread itself all
over the country have evidently been
abandoned.
An Ohio woman was successful In
starting her lettuce plants during cold
weather by placing her hotbed at the
window of the basement near the fur
mace. The furnace provided enough
warmth to the earth to make the let
tuce grow as rapidly as In the spring
time In very cold weather she COW
cred the hotbed with an old carpet
and in this way raised and sold lettuce
all winter
On a farm near Oak Park, Ill., are
$500 English pheasants which are bred
for private estates and for the purpose
of stocking public lands in some OF the
eastern states Illinois has also estab-
lished a preserve with 900 birds which
will be used for breeding. These birds
will be turned loose in the fields OF
Illinois and 1t is believed that within
three years many thousands of them
! VAL be in evidence.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1908-06-13

The left foot suffers by over-reduc-
ton of the outside and inside toe; the
right foot at the inside heel and out
side toe
left-handed man is liable to injure
the feet in just the opposite positions.
1t is equally possible to over lower
both heels or only the toe.
Even when the surface is quite even
from heel to toe on both sides of the
hoof the foot may remain dispropor-
tionate.
The heels may be left too high or
the toe too long, and the proper adj
justment of these two extremities of a
hoof is the most difficult and more fire.
quently neglected part of the prepara-
ton of a foot
The great cause of difficulty is the
fact that horses feet are not of definite
form, and that much harm may be
done by attempting to carve a foot to
some ideal standard.
Some feet have naturally high heels,
which can only be reduced to shapely
pattern by weakening their structure.
Some feet have naturally low heels
and some have long toes, which must
not be interfered with.
AS rule, when the overgrown wall
is reduced to the level of the sole very
little more horn need be removed.
The effects of lowering the heels are
to lengthen the bearing surface back
ward and to increase the slope Of the
wall in front
Too much horn at the heels tends to
strengthen the foot and lift the frog
from contact with the ground. 1t is
always desirable that the frog should
touch the ground; but when it is vast
ed no attempt to let it down by over
lowering the heels should be made.
When a hoof is excessively sloped
in front and the toe long it would be
injurious to shorten the toe by rasping
the under surface of the foot.
Such hoof is properly treated by
directly shortening the toe with rasp
applied to it's border.
When hoof presents broken horn
Oh the lower border of the wall it is
necessary not to allow a shoe to rest
on it.
Broken horn cannot support weight
and when it yields may cause injury
to the sensitive parts and always causes
shoes to become loose. Broken horn
should be removed, unless it can be
left in position offering no bearing
to the SHOE
When foot is insufficiently covered
with horn, either as the result of ex
cessive wear from work without shoes
or as the effect Of previous remova
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1908-06-13

by a farrier, great care is necessary
to produce the best bearing surface.
As rule. the quarters of foot are
most broken, and the heels may be
trusted to take most bearing.
Given briefly, the rules for prepar-
ing foot for shoes are as follows:
With rasp form level bearing sur
face for thes hoe from heel to toe;
keep both sides of the hoof the same
face for the shoe from heel to toe;
and the height of the heels are pro-
portionate; let the frog and bars alone;
remove from the sole only such por-
tons as are loose or may receive I'M
due pressure from level SHOE
Finally run the rasp lightly round
the circumference of the hoof, so thai
no sharp edge be left, which is USE
less to support weight and might be
broken.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1908-06-13
EVERY DAY ORCHARD WORK

1t is very often the case that heavy
crops of clover in the orchard cause
| the trees to grow too late in the sea-
| son to permit proper seasoning OF
| the wood.
| The manufacturer of a dust sprayer
sued a fruit newspaper editor because
| he published the statements of other
| people criticising the dust apparatus
but the courts sustained the editor
| For Strawberries / would plow under
good crop of COW peas for nitrogen
then add 1900 to 1900 pounds OF
ground bone and 800 pounds of potash
per acre. If on a stony hillside.--J II
Hale, Connecticut.
Do not be in too big hurry to de-
stroy frozen trees. Give them time
and you may be surprised to see them
come out In good shape.
If you suspect your trees Of being
winter killed, prune moderately and
cultivate carefully.
Hale, the Connecticut peach grower
says he never could see any use of a
trunk for a peach tree more than
enough to start the head. The entire
crop of some of his trees can be gath
cred by a man sitting on. the ground.
Rocky Ford muskmellons make a
mighty good crop to grow among or
chard trees.
Trim the roots of trees, but do not
cut them to mere stub.
Feed your trees plenty of phosphates
and potash. Most orchard land is lack
ing in sufficient quantity of potash.
A tree should be pruned so that
it's roots extend out further than it's
branches.
1t costs little money and some time
to grow windbreak for an orchard,
but it is time and money well spent.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1908-06-13
ALWAYS FINISH FOR THE MARKET

Men who were thoroughly familiar
with market conditions last winter adj
yised sheep feeders to hold back the
partly fitted lots that were doing well
on feed and finish them out before
sending them in. Those who rushed
their stuff to market in an unfinished
condition usually lost by it, owing to
an oversupply Of that kind Of stun.
Price of feed is high and usually feed
ers paid high prices for the stock
in the first place, SO many became
alarmed at conditions and decided to
market and not risk any further loss.
Results showed that the man who held
his stuff and finished it out gained by
it in the end.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1908-06-13
SHAPE OF HORSES FEET
How Animals Are Ruined by
Not Knowing How to Prop
erly Put On Shoes.
BY PROFESSOR wARTLEY AXE,
Author OF The Horse; It's Treatment in Health

A level surface is not the only aim
1arrier has to keep in mind; it may
De produced with such exactness that
leNel shoe rests on it perfectly, and
YET the hoof may be altogether out of
proportion.
Both sides of the hoof must be left
at the same height, and if the sides of
foot when it comes to farrier be of
unequal height it is evident that one
side must be reduced more than the
other to obtain proper form.
Again, it is clear that if the foot
be level on both sides man may rasp
away more horn from che part than
another, and so cause dispropor-
ton.
Carelessness in the use of the rasp
frequently leads to unevenness of the
bearing surface
From the position in which a foot
is held on or between the knees of a
farrier some portions of the hoof are
more easily reached with the rasp
than others.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1908-06-13
"A HANDY DRENcHING INSTRUMENT

A convenient and safe drenching tool
for stock is made by taking the end
of an old fork handle and boring a
three eighths inch hole in it's end about
one and one-half to two inches deep.
Drop the medicine into this opening,
insert the tool until it rests well back
on the animals tongue, raise the ami
mails head and the work is done easily
and without loss of medicine or danger
to the animal through broken bits of
glass, as with the usual bottle.--Hugh
7. Hughes.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1908-06-13
FENCE RAIL PHILOSOPHY

The milking stool is a handy thing
for cracking a cows ribs. and pair
of stout boots is peculiarly adapted to
kicking the man who uses it for that
purpose.
The man who bites at every hook
thrown at him will find himself landed
high and dry sooner or later.
The happiness of women on the farm
lies in the keeping of husbands and
sons.
Many trusting girl has married a
man because she thought he loved her
only to find too late that he was mere
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1908-06-13
TO MAKE EARLY HAY

One Of the difficulties in cutting hay
in some parts of the west before the
harvest is the needles. Take your har-
vester and run it with only the sickle
and reel in motion, cutting just low
enough to gather in. the heads. When
the platform is full throw it off in
piles. They are always enough taller
so this can be done and then you can
cut it for hay at any time.-W. NJ
RAYMOND.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1908-06-13

ems and hogs exclusively on corn worth
30 cents bushel, but by providing
vegetables and Stops the question of
feeding becomes less serious.
Any one who goes in for fruit or gar
den truck on an extensive scale ought
to have the help question settled in
advance.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1908-06-13
WHAT LITTLE FARM DOES
Interesting Statements in Favor
of Small Acreage, but Can
They Be Made Good?

A contributor to the American Farm
World, who is in a position to study
the little farm question, has collected
some interesting and valuable facts
pertaining to the profit in agriculture.
Incidentally it is observed that the
problem of hired help weighs less
heavily on the owner of the small farm
than on he who operates the average
place of 100 to 200 acres. The former
also makes a shorter work day, gets
his affairs on something like a BUSH
ness basis, keeps in touch with his
fellow men and altogether gets great
deal more enjoyment out of life. The
facts as presented in the following
paragraphs cover observations made
during the last season:
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1908-06-13
AFRAID OF THE MARKsMEN

An Iowa farmer has appealed to the
governor of the state to prohibit state
militiamen from shooting at targets
within a mile of his farm. He saws
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1908-06-13

brought in market upward of $1,000,
but there was Il large item of expense,
chiefly hired help. A little money was
paid for help in picking cherries, The
increased value of the place is large
item on the farmers side.
EXAMPLE NO. q
go pounds of honey from fifteen swarms
OF bees. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS rs, 90
Butter from eight cows. ............ 300 GO
Cherries from forty trees. three -fourths of
III an mere. OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES. $500
$50 pairs of squads ................... 65OO
Receipts for twelve hogs, dressed ....... 10000
Iotal. .......................$ $500. 90
In this case the increase in the
stock more than equals the amount
paid out for hired help. In addition to
the above items considerable garden
truck and some berries were turned in
for store supplies, so that the family
had its living in addition to the profit
of $500 on nicely situated tract. The
prices obtained in nearly all the trans
actions We're about the same as those
prevailing at retail stores.
EXAMPLE NO. g.
Gross income from carnations and roses
EXPENSE oup acres for b pnnsf g, ooo 800
Express anod freight. $50
= uel ....,,,............ 400
Interest on $4,000 invested ESQ
------ 4 060
Net proht. .....................$5 So, i40
While a flower ranch requires but a
few acres of land there has to be a
large investment in greenhouses. steam
| heating plant, etc. 1t would be possible
to start with one good greenhouse. the
equipment throughout costing about
$4,000. The demand for flowers is con-
slant and large profits are assured to
any one who has the means to start
properly.
EXAMPLE NO. 4.
y tons of alfalfa from six acres. ........S 242
24O pairs of squads. Observation-Disclosures. lis
l acre of Strawberries. Observation-Disclosures. 427
Total. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 1872
In addition to the above the family
had the major part of it's living ex-
penses from the little farm Less than
5000 was paid out for wages The in
crease in stock amounted to at least
5000. An acre Of carrots, an acre of
alfalfa and two acres of corn will feed
fifty hogs up to an age of 10 Or IL
months.
One of the most successful poultry
raisers in Illinois has only five acres
of land He keeps from 500 to 1000
chickens and raises wheat and corn
enough for them on about three acres.
He buys the garbage from a hotel, paw
ing merely a nominal price. 1t NAV
not be very profitable to feed chick
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1908-06-13

filled with cement. With proper care
one of these rollers will last many
years.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1908-06-13
EXAMPLE NO I

Five acres of onions, net PROFIT ......S 700
Eggs from 300 hens. Observation-Disclosures. 600
rs bushels of cherries .................... 125
One acre cucumbers. net profit. ........... 100
Value of COW, garden. poultry, pork, etc,
to the family. Observation-Disclosures. 15O
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1908-06-13

Iotai.. ......'... ........... .Slb75
This is the profit from one forty
acre farm in northern Illinois in one
season. The five acres of onions
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1908-06-13
A GOOD LAWN ROLLER

good garden and lawn roller is
made from common twenty-inch tile
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1908-06-13

brought in market upward of 1000,
but there was large item of expense,
chiefly hired help. A little money was
paid for help in picking cherries. The
increased value of the place is large
item on the farmers side
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1908-03-26
The Work ofCongress.

A Washington dispatch says that
the present congress will break the
record for bills, that representatives
and senators are pouring in bills for
the relief of the country at an amaz-
ing rate; that in the house, what
Speaker Cannon calls the hopper"
is full of unground legislation most
of the time. 1t is fed with bills of
every conceivable subject. In the
senate the number of bills is more
moderate, but it is unusually large.
Since the Goth congress opened
last December up to March Is there
have been no less than 1852 bills
introduced in the house, together
with enough house joint resolutions,
house reports and house documents
to bring the total up to 22,136.
In the same time 6,191 senate bills
have been introduced, and enough
joint resolutions, simple resolutions,
concurrent resolutions, reports and
documents to bring the total up to
1916. There have been 1882 bills,
resolutions, reports and documents in
tToduced in both houses of congress
since the session opened.
What will become of these bills?
Instead of going on the statute books
they will be pigeon-holed.
The first session of the Sixtieth
congress is more than half finished,
and there has been no single, measure
of public interest passed by the two
houses and sent to the president for
his approval. There have been some
private pension bills, some joint reso-
lutiOns, some matters of individual
Importance enacted into law, but alb
|solutely not one single public measure
has passed both houses. 1t might be
said that this is not a matter to be
charged against any political party.
That however can only be said by
people who do not understand present
congressional procedure. The house
of representatives is dominated by
Speaker Cannon and Messrs Dalzell,
Payne and Hepburn. They can put
Legislation. through in As hours or they
can delay it definitely. What they
are doing now is to fight for delay
In the senate the republican majority
is dominant and can do what it will
The rules there do provide for free
dom of debate, but at the same time
majority rule very properly is ac-
cepted.
But neither in the house nor in the
senate has the republican congress
succeeded at the present moment in
enacting one public law. 1t might
he worth while for the newspapers
OF the country to demand some ex-
PLANTATION of this singular lethargy.
But Roosevelt is going to send an
other message to congress and we
are told some important legislation
| is to be urged And then what?
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1908-03-26
ELECTION NOTICE.

Notice is hereby given that on Tues
day, the seventh day of April, a. d.
1908, in the city of Rock Island Hi
nois, an election will be held for the
following officers to-wit:
City Officers.
One alderman in the First ward for
two years.
One alderman in the Second ward
for two years.
One alderman in the Third ward
for two years.
One alderman in the Fourth ward
for two years.
One alderman in the Fifth ward for
two years.
One alderman in the Sixth ward
for two years.
One alderman in the Seventh ward
for two years.
Town Officers.
One assessor for one year.
One collector for one year.
One supervisor for two years.
Three assistant supervisors for two
years.
One constable to fill vacancy.
Questions of Public Policy.
Shall this city become anti-saloon
territory?
Proposition as to the annexation to
the city of Rock Island, ILL.,, of a por-
ton of South Rock Island.
Which election will be open at 7
o'clock in the morning and continue
open until 5 o'clock in the afternoon
of that day.
Places of registration and voting
will be as follows:
First ward, first precinct-No. Alb
Fourth avenue.
First ward, second precinct-No. 600
Seventh avenue.
Second ward, first precinct-No. 1914
Third avenue.
Second ward, second precinct -
Barn, No. 919 Sixth avenue.
Third ward, first precinct-County
Jail. Third avenue and Fourteenth
street
Third ward, second precinct, 1922
Seventh avenue.
| Third ward, third precinct, Ullemey-
er's drug store, corner Eleventh ave.
nue. and Fifteenth street.
Fourth ward, first precinct-Frick s
livery, No. 1914 Third avenue.
Fourth ward, second precinct = M
Levy's carriage house, Nineteenth
street, between Sixth and Seventh av
enues.
Fifth ward. first precinct - Hose
house on Twenty-second street.
Fifth ward, second precinct -
Schmidt's grocery, No. 1923 Twentieth
lstreet.
Sixth ward, first precinct - Hose
lhouse on Twenty-sixth street
Sixth ward, second precinct-A. J
Reiss' barn, No. 7O9 Twenty-seventf
street.
Seventh ward, first precinct - No
I2110 Fifth avenue.
Seventh ward, second precinct-Pe
terson's carpenter shop, No. $40 For
lty-fifth street.
Seventh ward, third precinct-Al
bert Olson's barn, Forty-fourth street
between Seventh and Eighth avenues
NJ. T. RUDGREN,
| City and Town Clerk.
Rock Island, H., March z, 1908.