Bisbee daily review., 1908-08-19
SUBMARINE CABLE HISTORY;
 FIRST TRIAL 5O YEARS AGO

NEW YORK, Aug. 1S.-Monday was notable one in the history of subma- rine telegraphy. Just fifty years ago, on August IT. 1858, the first cable mes sage was sent across the Atlantic. The message was of ninety words, from Queen Victoria to President Buchanan IL took 67 minutes to transmit Today some 23,0O0,O00 words are sent by cable beween America and Europe each year and the various lines have 8 capacity Of 100, 900 000 words. But il was the little message sent fifty yeas ago today that afforded the first tangible proof that one of the greatest attemps of man in the field of science had succeeded.
 When a little company of men, un- der the leadership of Cyrus W. Field began to organize for the purpose of bringing the old world and the new within speaking distance by means of storm, but in the following year the protected thread O. wire across the Atlantic, they were hOoted at as mad men. Capitalists who invested their money in the scheme were thought by their friends to have become berert or reason. Few imagined the feat possi- ble
 The first step in the program was to be the laying Of a cable across the Gulf of St. Lawrence, from Cape Ray Cove to Cape North. The first trfai was disastrous, because of a furious cable was successfully laid. New fOundland was to be the western ter minus. The work of laying the cable between Newfoundland and Ireland was then begun. The first attempt was a failure. After three hundred miles of the wire had been spun out the cable broke. | second and a third attempt were made and finally Uu August . 1858, the eastern end of the cable was laid in Trinity bay, New fOundland. Twelve days later the famous messages were sent and re- ceiyed between Queen Victoria and President Buchanan.
 But the scneme was not yet destined Q bear the fruits of victory. Soon zIter the initial message had been 5ent and the press of the world dad sounded loud praises in honor of the triumph, the cable was again severed and the work of years was undone. i'll 1865 another unsuccessful attempt was made to lay a cable, and a year later the first operative cable was completed. In 1869 the French Allan tic cable was completed, this beng the first submarine line to stretch ac- tually from the shore of America to the shore of Europe. The landing of the American end of the French ca ble was made at Duxbury, Mass, and was the occasion of a great ceIenra- tion. On Boston Common 100 guns were fired, and the national colors or France and the United States were displayed on all the public buildings.
 Within the brief span of the fifty years, the world has built more than 100000 miles of submarine cables, suf- ficient 10 girdle the globe eight times. Besides the $2o0,000 GOO investment in cables there is fleet of forty-two ca ble steamers kept constantly in ser vice. And. besides the cables already ia operation, several others are fn various stages of construction. Every effortAs being made to annihilate the distance between different parts of the world and unite by cables, or by wireless" countries separated by vast bodies of water. The results in the business world are huge.
 The cable service of most direct i'm portance to the general public is that of transmitting the reports of crops and general commercial conditions Of widely separated nations This service is intimately tied up with a most in teresting compilation of these reports,