The ranch. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1902-1914, 1908-05-15
HORTICULTURAL DEPARTMENT

We should hail with delight this new
experiment. That the lime-sulphur so
luton will render the eggs of the ap
bids infertile has been demonstrated
and | see no reason why it should no
have the same effect on the eggs of the
codling moth.
| have no doubt but the Rex brand
of the lime-sulphur wash is a good one
and have recommended it in these
pages, but it is no better than wha
we make ourselves for ours is abso
lutely effective in killing the San jose
scale and in rendering the eggs Of
aphids nonfertile.
The idea of using Portland cement
at the rate of one pound for every 100
gallons to make the solution stick bet
ter, is new one to me. l have ne
doubt but the Judge is right in say
ing it is effective, but | have some
fears of it's being too much of a goot
thing" 1t seems to me that anything
that will stick so closely as to inter
| fere with the proper coloring of ap
Piles up to the first of October may be
open to serious objection. However,
shall try this suggestion and hope
| others will do so. We should all be
| thankful for this suggestion. If the
| lime-sulphur mixture can be used tC
| check and control the codling moth as
seems evident from the experiments
above given in this letter, then we
should hail the fact with much delight
I Cooling moth does more harm thar
any other insect affecting the apple
oy nd is inII1f t0 1,f
experiments carried on by Professor
Melander and his associates at Walls
Walla and Wenatchee last year are OF
great value to apple growers. I have
just returned from my fruit ranch
where | spent ten days experimenting
our first spraying. We made every er
fort to spray according to directions
given by Professor Melander We
used two gasoline power Sprayers and
went over our entire apple orchard, in
Guiding our pears, in one week. We
had one man stand on top of oul
spraying outfit to spray downwards
and two on the ground to spray side
wise and upwards. I was determined
that the work should be thoroughly
done. We used at the rate of pound
and a half of arsenate of lead to fifty
gallons of water which is somewhat
stronger than Professor Melander used
last year. We sprayed every tree till
it dripped. Our aim was to fill the
calyx cup with the poison Now il
Judge Forney's experiments stand the
test in other places as we'll as they die
with him then we will have an addi
tiOnal club with which to fight this
most destructive of all insects. We
can control the scale and we know how
to fight fungus growths, but the cod
ling moth has been our pOns dssdno
rum But daylight is breaking and We
hope to conquer in our fight with The
codling moth.
I do not consider it difficult prob
lem to tell the exact time when pol
lination takes place. | do not NEAR
that we can set down in our calen
dars the exact day when pollinatioI
takes place and I do not think friend
Forney asks for that The time o.
blooming varies with the earliness o.
lateness of the season. By the time o.
pollinating | mean the exact condition
of the flower. Whenever the anther!
burst open then fertilization takes
place. This bursting of the anthers al
ways takes place with apples after the
petals open and before they fall. If {
person understands the internal struc
ture of an apple flower so he can poin
out the ovule, the carpets, the pistil
the stigma, the stamens and the
anthers and will watch with a magni
flying glass, he can tell to the hour
when pollination takes place. Wher
the anthers burst the pollen grains fal
on the stigma and if that is in the
receptive condition fertilization takes
place instantly. Some flowers do MOI
have the stigma in the receptive con
dition at the same time that the an
theirs omen In some cases the anthars