Putnam patriot., 1908-07-31
THEEAhiH'S |HTER|DP
Our Planets Core Is Li1uId V.
 It's as Rigid as Steel
UNDER ENORMOUS PREssllr-

'.t Fiseh We
 + on the surface-The l.v.
 Breaks Through the Earth.s r.
 The idea that fhe Interior Of tba~, is composed Of flowing avs hss
 since been abandoned. bat 'a.
 flat modern science offeFs If ,a
 side of tue earth is har.IF las.
 paliing. All investigations ns.-
 prove that the heat imcrenS..s as F seend deeper in fie terfestr;af -F al such q rate that forty or Hfty .s down no substance with wljeb acquainted could remain uHll5,.ite., -. -. yet tbe same science tells Us rho. = core of the globe is enormously ra.s rigid than the hs rtiest steeI Tsi.
 parent contradiction is due to tba = mendous pressure inside the earth Y. rock and no metal can remain tho.a the state in which we see t on ina s.. face. Its molecules must lose inc .s nerence characteristic of solid h.u,- in consequence of the hest. but s-g they are not free 10 flow ike m o.,'
  nary liquid. because of the comnrpss,s. 10 which they are subjected.
 The pheuoineIb of earthauakes h.. given wonderful information aboo, ,as internal state Of the g!9.e. All ., servatious show that tbe sboeks .. earthqeakes are confined to thin m. per shell They originate at aa.,,. of only few miles Ut the most D.. the vibrations which they set ,o,,, are felt ail through the earth. often ~ tending to the aEf5podes. The yra,, core. held rigid hy tie pressure. is er- tremelg elastic, aud t resIsiads to i. shock like Il ball of steel CT of r,aSs The density of tue earth increases ia ward the center. It is oa!y in the m per part Of the ernst that local moYa- ments can take place. causing shoeks and changes af level 1t tae snrfseo Deeper l swn everything k srinpad ap3 ifnmuK abie. except aS already rA marked. that tie molecules of fhe roeks and metals there are subject to ribra. tian Ike those If | bell against which T blow fs stIuok
 But this fs not atl. Whenever ioe5l release from the pressnre js bronebt about hy efanses near the suffice the potentially liaGid but efiectaallY solid eofe at ihat point may suddenly be- come fluid and sush forth through volcanic throat or other vent But such effects cannot extead to any gresl depth. Nothing comes to Us from uI. vast interior mass. That remains q perpetual mystery. far beyond the searching hand of science Iudirectly. however. we may learn much about t. Astronomical considerations throw great deal of ligit upon the subject We see that through the planetary svs. tenn rotating globes are fattened at the poles. The sane thing is trile of the earth It's equator bulges; its polar regions are drawn inward. Mechan- ical laws assure us that the cause Is to ke found in the fact that the earth and the other planets have assumed shape under the influence Of the esn trifngal force of tLeir rotation. That force is necessarily greatest at the Beginning as completed mtl- ten bodies. they have commenced 10 So- lidify at the snsfaee after having as. sumed an elliaordal form due to their rotation
 Another very significant fact is that the share of the earth corresponds with that which q globe rotating with it's velocity would have if composed of arranged to their density that is to say. growing denser toward the center. The heaviest materials must be deep down in the globe; the lighter materials have remained at the surface. This again corresponds with the facts of observation. We know the total weight" and the average density of the earth. It weighs six seytiilions of tons. and it's average density is five and balf times that Of water But the substances composing he crust of the earth have an average lepsity Of twice that of water t 'olIows that the heaviest things in the ,arft. on the average. exi-t deep with n its exterior For all that we can ell. it's inner core may oe wholly hc afic At the center there is probably In enormous agSrega'IOn of dense me- allie substances.
 An indication that the ihuer parts of he earth consist largely if moi mainF L. An leyi'm of the globe The earth is ,rea permanent magnet [ We could cara the facts 1t might turn 9ut ihal ron k the most abundant sa3staHee Il the selar system and psrtIaps 'i he whole universe. The majority be meteorit.s tsat fall upon i5f eafta 'onsist of solid iren Blow the earn o pieces ai.d Ia the resulting ci0ua if fragments the rocks that we sFs amin lar with would be almost inpei. eptih e. There would he q rain os ron aNd other metals descending epiA he poon and upon any other atsfaes ng body h the vicinity.
 This .iew of the interior of 'h7 .lobe dfsoc~es of the notion so pietui' st,uely developed in one Of du's irrne's r,P.ancea. of the existence 'i last eaye,p ous openings III inc me for of the earth Such void si'ases' hough on uo large scale. may esss n the uppe- part of the crust oa' '.' t . great 3erth. The earth v actively m.re solid than eah'"' all and Il movable rocks eohi"s nc it's crust are like a film of ru-' 2. he hard me at Professor GaFreu T. ,arxiSS In N ..x N.srE American