davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The morning journal-courier., 1908-11-05

If he keeps to the middle of the road that has been laid out for him. hs gets on. If he straye into the ditch and smashes the rules of his provi- sional freedom. he runs the risk of be- ing taken back, with head bowed. to the institution from which. with head erect. he had previously emerged--and then the Jig is up. Tn the case of majority of the paroled prisoners who fail to make good and who cut their moral guy ropes. causing the tent of their promises and better impulses to collapse, their downfall is due to CO., ouetting with John Barleycorn. A con- play the gnme abstemiously and ao- cording to the rules finds out, alas too late. that an ounce of safety is worth a. pound of subsequent sorrow. A pa- role quickly tests the sort of stuff fellow is made of.
 The board aims to administer tho parole features of the law with cau- ton. with conservatism. with discrim- inatlon. To administer them reckless ly would soon discredit the system. Blunders of Judgment are sure to be made, and confidence is bound, on oc- caslon, 10 be misplaced. The board is n" glutton of the limelight, and there's reason. If convict is granted parole the more quietly and inconspicuously he steps into the ranks of free life the better. If he is denied parole 1t is unjust to him and em- barrassing to his relatives and friends to have the fact proclaimed from all the second-story verandas of the state.
 Some Results.
 The mission of this address Is to chronicle rather than to contend, to describe the workings of the law rath- CT than to discuss the philosophy of it. but shall not stray from the res- ervation if indicate, in nutshell, some of the results of the operation of the measure:
 1. One by-product of the indeter- minate- sentence policy is that 1t tends to create dissatisfaction on the part of eonvicts who fall to get q parole. w up III Ills oWh ptlS SpHdi llteT- ests and ignoring the larger interests of the public, 6 prisoner is likely to feel dscontent and perhaps resentment jf he doesn't receive the most favored treatment. That's human nature.
 g. The new system isn't liked by habitual delinquents. A prisoner who makes a business of crime and crime of business prefers to take his chances with the old definite e-sentence scheme
 3. The average length of time served in prison by convicts ls greater under the lndetermnnte sentence plan than under tho definite sentence arrange ment.
 f. The new method raises the gen oral level of conduct In prison. It doesn't l take great brains for a convict to real- lze that A black record at Wethersheld will cut off his chances of parole Per- pendicular behavior is good thing for person. even # the motive be selfish
 5. The system supplies ladder by which prisoners who are worthy and in whom the board has confidence may climb back 10 the orderly citizenship under favorable conditions. If they make the worst of the opportunity in- stead of the best. that's their fault.
The morning journal-courier., 1908-11-05
ODD ELECTION BETS

(Continued from First Page.D
The morning journal-courier., 1908-11-05
A Reliable
 Remedy Ely's Cream Balm
Ia quickly abaorbed


 Gives Relief at Onco.
 It cleanses, soothes, heals and protects the diseased mem- brane resulting from Catar'h and drives away Q Cold in the Head quickly. Re- stores the Senses of Taste and Smell. Flu
The morning journal-courier., 1908-11-05

of money, hat, dinner and similar bets put on various phases of the election, and there are many other foolish things that will be done.
 Many persons on Church street last night were surprised to see q glow of rod fro coming down the street. ft seemed late for an election parade so they waited. A cart with half dozen men with red fire and horns preceded two young men, one In a wheelbarrow, finishing an election wager. The one wheeling addressed the wheeled one as Claudio and was roundly hooted at when he upset the wheclbarrow into a pile of dirt. May the witches take you, Algernon" said the spilled one. You are dreadful careless My gracious, this is nasty dirt. oh, CaulIhower."
 The patrolmen on the corners eyed them suspiciously but let them pass on to Chapel street
The morning journal-courier., 1908-11-05
FRENCH'S CASE
 BEFORE BOARD

tcontinued from First Page.)
The morning journal-courier., 1908-11-05
EVEN BoHEnA IS SHOCKED.

Karlsbad, Bohemia, Nov. 4.--Earth. quake shocks during the past thirtU hours have greatly alarmed the popuA lation in the Karlsbad district, in northern Bohemia. The shocks ex. tended into Bavaria, No serious dam. age has been reported.
The morning journal-courier., 1908-11-05

mittoe which drew up the fine resolu- tlons putting into words our mourn ing for the loss If our vice president Shc began the letter in which she ac- cepted the task thus Rarely have l aad duty thrust upon me which Il nave so reluctantly met as that to which l now respond,
 To-day your committee echoes with full heart these words
 It is peculiarly sad that We should be meeting this afternoon in tho home city of her who seven years ago was tao life and sustaining power of every effort made for our comfort and hap pincss.
 To most of us Mrs. NewComb will never cease to hn d familiar presence No one who knew her is likely to for- get her, But even for those of us who distinctly remember our friend 1t has seemed not supernuous to re- count some of the incidents of her llfc The whole of 1t can never be told. She herself, was most uncon- scious of the help, comfort, solace, joy, she brought into so many lives. In these days 0f stress and often of unnecessary hurry, 1t brings calm and soothing simply to recall the picture of Mrs. Ncwcomb in her home of peace and hospltality-sh never ap- narently hurried, never certainly, so hurried that she had not time for sympathy
 One of the most generous women of the world, her first impulse was to give.
 How she loved young people and how many she cheered and made happy
 She was wonderfully learned in a practical, all embracing fashion; she stood always for the higher life: while often suffering acutely and for years victim of pain and weariness, how seldom she gave utterance to aught | but the wise. gentle. humorous words so peculiarly her own. What she was to her friends personally and to this organization and the many others she adorned no words can paint. The se- | renely lovely face we recall and the ] fragrance of her image in our hearts must be the medium of our sorrow.
 The memory of life 30 useful and so beautiful is a precious possession of which womankind ought not to he l deprived.
 We are resolved that as far as we will be inspired to further service hy the thought of all Mrs. Newcomb was and all she did.
 DOTHA STONE PINNED,
 MARY w, PtflPPS,
 NE'TrtE C. SMITH
 After a musical number a detailed report was given of the biennial In 1 Boston, the various sides of the meet ing being touched on by some of those who were delegates, among them Mrs. Charles A. Capen of Willmantlc, the re- tirng president, At the close of this meeting a delightful reception was glv- en by the Now Haven Mothers club to the visiting delegates This reception was held in the banquet hall of the Y. M. C. A. building which was very pret- tly decorated for the occasion
The Wenatchee daily world. [volume] (Wenatchee, Wash.) 1905-1971, 1908-04-23
Exposition Notes.

The a-Yukon-Pacific exposi-
ton, which will be held at Seattle,
opening June /, 1909, is so per cent
completed.
Spokane County, Wash, will have
a building at the Alaska-Yukon-Pa-
cific exposition.
The Oregon building will be the
first state structure finished at the
Exposition The building will be fin
ished within a month.
The Washington State Federation
of Woman's Clubs will have $10,-
90 building. The Washington state
commission set aside the funds for
the building and the clubs will fur
nish it and install the exhibits.
Fighting the Flames" will be one
of the large concession on the Pay
Streak at the Exposition. 1t will
show how a fire department fights a
big confagration in a row OF four
and five story buildings and how
people arr. rescued from the burning
structures.
The Gjoa, the ship in which Capt
Amudsen made his expedition
through the Northwest Passage
starting from the Atlantic side, and
after going along the north coast o
America, emerged through Behrins
strait into the Pacific. will be one o
+. the attractions.
The Wenatchee daily world. [volume] (Wenatchee, Wash.) 1905-1971, 1908-04-23

II. W. Russell has moved to his
new business quarters on the corner
of Orondo and Mission street with a
full line OF paints. wall paper, etc
Mr.. Russell will be glad to see his
old friends and customers at his new
place. ***
The Wenatchee daily world. [volume] (Wenatchee, Wash.) 1905-1971, 1908-04-23
Percy Duncan Fined.

Three dollars and costs was Percy
Duncans ante in police court this
morning.
Duncan drives the delivery wagon
for Little & Wetsel, and had been re-
peatedly warned by the police that
he must not leave his horse standing
in the street united. Yesterday ne
made several stops on the street, neg
lecting to throw down the hitching
weight and the police ran him in.
The Wenatchee daily world. [volume] (Wenatchee, Wash.) 1905-1971, 1908-04-23

To eastern points via Spokane and
the OREGON r. r. & NAVIGATION
co. May and Is. For particulars,
address
WIN. MeMURAY, G. P A,
Portland, Ore
y. R. NAGEL, T. P. A,
COS First Ave, Seattle, Wash.
The Wenatchee daily world. [volume] (Wenatchee, Wash.) 1905-1971, 1908-04-23
Notice.

Anniversary celebrations of |. O.
O. F. to be held at their hall Satur-
day evening, February 25 at $3.50
D. m. All Oddfellows, Rebekahs,
their families and friends are cordial
" invited to attend.
AK H. ]. SCOTT.
The Wenatchee daily world. [volume] (Wenatchee, Wash.) 1905-1971, 1908-04-23
No Extra Expense.

To travel via Salt Lake City and
Denver and an opportunity to visit
your great city of Spokane.
Good connections with the Oregon
Railroad & Navigation Co., and the
best of service through.
Let us tell you more about it.
VIM. McMURRAY,
General Passenger Agent,
Portland, Ore.
j. r. NAGEL,
Travelling Passenger Agent,
COS First ave-. Seattle, Wash.
The Wenatchee daily world. [volume] (Wenatchee, Wash.) 1905-1971, 1908-04-23

Csc sheet music 19c at the Wenat-
chez Bazaar. tt
The Wenatchee daily world. [volume] (Wenatchee, Wash.) 1905-1971, 1908-04-23

Millinery; Corsets made to order
and in stock; hair goods; hair
worked.
NINE. TIFFANY,
Opposite Columbia Valley Bank
The Wenatchee daily world. [volume] (Wenatchee, Wash.) 1905-1971, 1908-04-23

6-Piece Decorated Toilet Set $2.63
at the Bazaar. tt
The Wenatchee daily world. [volume] (Wenatchee, Wash.) 1905-1971, 1908-04-23
Ladies' Shirt Waists

We showing exceptionally pretty line of Ladies'
ShiTtwaists that uneQuaed the price offer
ing them at Each Observation-Disclosures. zoe
Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1908-03-19
NOTICE.

Pursuant to call by the County
Committee Of the County of Oahu,
the Eighth Precinct Republican Club
of the Fourth Representative District
will hold a meeting at 1880 o'clock
Friday night March the goth, at
Thomas Square, for the purpose of
nominating delegates to the Republi.
can Convention to be held Monday,
April 18th, 1908, at Honolulu. These
delegates to be voted for on Saturday,
March 2Sth, 1908, between 3 and p.
m. Said precinct Is entitled to three
delegates to said convention.
ANY other further business touch.
ing the welfare of the said precinct
will be taken up at that time.
c, l.. CRABBE,
S954'1t President.
Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1908-03-19

The many characters in the opera to,
night will call out the best talent OF
the lllippis and distribute very even,
ly the principal parts.
1t is regrcttable that the Lillputians
cannot prolong their engagement here
They have taken Honolulu by storm
and filled long craving among the,
atrc'goers for something bright and
snappy in the opera line. No ono
should lose the opportunity of hearing
and seeing the little people during this
engagement as II is no telling how
long Honolulu Will be obliged to wait
for another such treat. The Belle
will be repeated tomorrow night
Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1908-03-19
LIIIpUIlAN}

Tho popular Liliputians will pre-.
sent the Belle of New York; this
evening at the Orpheum. This is one
of the most successful comic operas
over staged and, as played by the cleV'
or little people, is one of the strong
est In their repertoire.
1t Is bright, sparkling and musical
throughout and contains many delight
Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1908-03-19
a A. y y - e 4 4 " " **& " n
HONOLULU WEATHER
:. 81 4 !. :. A I. " I.

.. March ID.
Temperatures n, M, ~; s a. m,
'5;' 10 a. m, rs; noon, so; morning
lninimum, n.
Barometer, s a. M, 1910; absolute
humidity, a. M, 6.549 grains per
cubic foot; relative humidity, 8 a. M,
20 per cent; dew point, 8 a. m, Ga.
Wind-6 a. M, velocity 3, direction
W.; a. m, velocity A. direction e.;
10 Il. m, velocity 10, direction N. E.;
noon, velocity g. direction N. Il.
Rainfall during "a hours ended 4.
m, 90 inch. e
Total wind movement during "a
hours ended at noon, 154 miles.
WIN, b. STOCKMAN,
Section Director, ". 8. Weather Bureau
Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1908-03-19
II ID 10 Ut a 81 DC n n d d 10 u u u 10
. PASSENGERS ARRIVED ID
Z Il u ~ n 81 n N nj 81 d II 81 "a u u

Per stmr. Claudine, from Hawaii
and Maui ports, March 19.-F. l.. Win.
ter, VIM. Eldid and wife. c. Siemsen
and wife, l.. C. Lyman, II. w. Hamil.
ton. Fl. w Ludloff. j. V. Stevenson.
c. Roendahl and wife, f. T. Baldwin,
w. r. Patterson. II. 4. Taylor, j. Nc.
Auliffe, Mr.. Akahoski, MIR. Ahana,
Jack Henrie, f. A. Mott.Smith, ID.
Conway, Y. Yamanaka, c. o. Kuna,
Tom Hee, wife and child, 70 deck pas
sengers. n
Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1908-03-19
IN FOREIGN PORTS
CABLE REPORT OF SAN
FRANCISCO MERCHANTS
EXCHANGE.
Thursday, March 10.

gALtVA CRUZ-Sailed March 16.
All. s. S. Mexican, for San Diego
SAIINA CRUZ-Arrived March 10:
All S. S. Alaskan, from Hilo, Feb
=. a. a.. N....| .gU
SAN FRANCISCO-Salled March IS:
an. bktne. Irmgard, for Honolulu
Z NHULUI-Sailed March IS:
All. S. s. Nebraskan, for Honolulu
Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1908-03-19

The a Civil having
in blockade Mobile
battle
o following after the employed
Indies, wrecked Cruz
untitled
her machinery removed
q 1889 she n soeship Samoa
Nandalia and the Nipsic She
wasne
socship the Cuban berth.
Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1908-03-19


The Onomea Sugar Co. this morn
ing created pleasant surprise to its
stockholders by announcing that II
would pay a dividend of l per cent. a
month, starting April 5. Some
months ago there was considerable
of kick when the company cut out
tie dividend of similar amount,
which 1t had then been paying for
some time. Previous to this the div
idends had been even higher, but
had been gradually cut down to l
per cent. The agents explained at
the time that dividends had been
raid in excess of what should have
been paid in view of the great ex-
pense which the company had in
CURED for improvements, and 1t is
now apparent that the plantation Is
again in a financial condition which
IL satisfactory to those in charge. 1t
is considered generally that the div
ldend has come to stay, and that II
there is any change therein 1t will
be for the better.
Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1908-03-19

George Davies this morning notified
the yacht committee that he would do
nate the main topmast for the Ha-
wall, ana Harry whitney sent In a
check to be used for the benefit of the
yacht.
- . %
The running yesterday was hard
en- the "dopesters." Everything
pointed to killing for the runner
Indigo.
George Ward was Offering 800 to
$50 on Indigo. ...
Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1908-03-19

The effort of Catalina Mejea to
get $4,000 out Of l.. M. Whitehouse
for injuries received at the Nuuanu
dam received a knockout blow this
morning when Judge De Bolt grant
ed the motion of the plaintiff for a
non-suit. The motion had been ar
'gued for two hours by T. M. Harri-
son for the plaintiff and Frank
Thompson for the defendant.
Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1908-03-19

when wife Hugh Tey OF California She is the daughter
great Is IA Ptsbug
before his lie
his of cruelty violence and of maxi
ng to her
Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1908-03-19
OAHU LODGE, No. /, K. of P.

Meets every Friday evening at
1880 in X. of p. Hail, corner Fort
and Beretania. Visiting brothers
cordially invited to attend
A. G. DEERING, &C,
JAS. W. WHITE. KRIS .
Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1908-03-19
LOCAL and GENERAL

If the only reason your house is
not home is poor servant, do
some aggressive Bulletin Want Ad.
vertising.
Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1908-03-19
LIBERIA APPEALS FOR PROTECTION

WASHINGTON, ID. c. March 1SAn has
Republic
territory.
Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1908-03-19
soNoLULU LODGE GIG, B. P. 0. E

honolulu Lodge No. GIG, h. p. o.
H.. will meet in their hall on King
pear Fort street every Friday even.
ing.
BY order OF the Il r.
HARRY A. WILDER,
Secretary.
F. e. RICHARDSON, q. X.
Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1908-03-19
DIRTY SCANDAL IN HIGH" LIFE

March 1Sn the of the divorce suit
brought her husband Labori
ibclee,
Italian Marquis and Lord Rosn
Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1908-03-19
MUCH PLAGUE IN ECUADOR

GUAYAQUII,
S 81 a
building will have
down
Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1908-03-19
MYSTIC LODGE, No. 2, X. of P.

Meets every tuesday evening at
1880 o'clock In X. of p. Hail, COT,
fort and BeretaniG. Visiting broth.
srs cordially invited to attend.
". l.. LYLE, &C.
f. WALDRON, KRIS.
Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1908-03-19
, % Ii 81 u Eaa n ~ g 20 " % DC II
WATERFRONT NOTES y
, ~ u u u n ID n q VI d EAA u 4

LOS ANGELES, March 10.-A line
Of the speediest, handsomest steam
ors to ply between San Francisco and
San Diego, cutting the running time
from 26 hours. to IS and putting the
service in the first rank of coastwise
lines on the Pacific or Atlantic, Is
planned by the Pacific Coast Steam.
ship Company according to semi-ofii-
cial information. j. ID. Farrell, re-
gardcd as Harriman's lieutenant In
the Puget Sound region, and Samuel
Hill, sonililaw OF James J. Hill of the
Great Northern, are in Los Angeles,
paving the way for 'thR and many
other improvements The steamship
company Is to abandon Port Los An.
l.Gcles, establishing large docking ia.
cilities at San Pedro. "rhc company's
wharfage at San Diego is to be III.
creased.
SEATTLE, March 10.-The steam.
ship Stanley Dollar, owned by Robert
| Dollar of San Francisco and named
! for his son, was launched today at the
ship yards Of the Moran Company. The
Stanley Dollar is $50 feet long, cargo
capacity $500 tons, built of steel and
especially designed for the coastwlse
lumber trade. She Is new type OF
vessel and is equipped with oil car
rying capacity for forty days steamlng
and every modern labor.saving device
FOR handling cargo. Mrs. Dollar broke
the bottle Of wine over her prov.
| Pa
LAST NIGHT fragments of wire
less message from the u. S. A. T
Sherman, thirteen hundred miles on
lfrom Honolulu, were received here nj
the Naval Station wireless office. EX
pert Isbell caught parts of the mes
sage, but on account of the noise
along the waterfront, was not able tC
| get all that Operator Farwell on the
Sherman was saying. lsbell made ar
rangements with Farwell when tn,
transport was here to call Honolulu
until the boat had reached over 200l
miles distance from this port.
m
THE FOLLOWING FREIGHT wal
brought over by the Claudine thi,
morning: 5000 sacks sugar, 80 sacks
corn, 80 barrels bottles, 62 hogs.
mules, horse, $50 packages hides
263 packages sundries.
| n
THE FIRE In the Inter.Island Goa
pile burns merrily on despite the grea
amount of water that is being pouret
on IT, Men are now hauling the Goa
away as fast as possible.
THE PACIFIC MAIL LINER Mon
golia will, when she returns from th'
Orient, be captained by First Office
Fisher Captain Hathaway recent!
died. 49,
THERE is A WATERFRONT rum
or to the effect that the tug Iroquoii
will be added to Admiral's Evans
feet. 1t has not been confirmed.
THE TWO OIL SHIPS now In port
the Marion Chilcott and the Falls o
Clyde, will sail for Gaviota tomorrow
or next day. AsHai
Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1908-03-19
II q q nH y a u v % u % % 10 10 u a
u DUE SATURDAY ID
u n u N n n n NJ 81 ~ ~ d NJ EE u

All. S. s. Nebraskan, from Ka-
hului.
Stmr. Kinau, Clarke, from Hilo and
way ports, a. m.
stmr. Maui, Bruhn, from Hawaii
ports.
Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1908-03-19
HARMONY LODGE, NJ. 8, l. 0. 0. F

Meets every Monday evening at
1880 in l. o. o. +. Hail, Fort Street.
+. Il. HENDRY. Secretary.
BEN. +. NICKERS, n. q.
All visiting brothers very cordially
invited.
Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1908-03-19
MONONGAHELA IS BURNED

WASHINGTON, c. 1S.-The warship,
Cuba, where commits
a.sorckhip DO.
Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1908-03-19

Full moon Mar. II, i:05 y. IN.
Hawaiian standard time is 10 hours
30 minutes slower than Greenwich
time, being that OF the meridian of 157
degrees 80 minutes. The time whistle
blows at 1880 p. m, which is the same
az Greenwich, hours minutes. Sun
and moon are for local time for the
whole group.
Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1908-03-19

Tho Weekly Edition OF the Evening
Bulletin gives a complete summary H
The news of the day. s.f.
Daily Arizona silver belt., 1908-09-23
Lew COLLINS
WAS IN DISGUISE
AS A DEMOCRAT
LATEST GUM SHOE METHODS BE-
ING PRACTICED BY FOXY INDI-
vIDUAL BROUGHT TO coCHIsE
COUNTY TO FOOL THE PEOPLE.

CLIFTON, Ariz., September 22.-An
evidence of the desperate straits to
which the republicans are driven is ex-
emplitied to queen s taste by the meth
DDS adopted by Lew Collins, who ar
rived here this week on secret polit.
zeal mission, the object of which has
just come to light.
Lew blew into this town We,lnes-
day evening and Thursday morning the
program to deceive the good people of
Clifton was inaugurated. Collins be
gan to circulate around town accom-
panied by two republican candidates.
When a democrat was encountered, with
no witnesses present, Mr.. Collins was
put through an introduction stunt some.
thing like this:
Mr. Democrat | want you to meet
my friend Mr.. Collins, of Maricopa
county. Mr.. Collins has been life long
democrat, but this time he is support
ing the republican ticket.
After the deception had been prac-
tieed, then Mr. Collins begins TO unlim-
Der his arguments why a democrat
should vote for Cameron.
1t did not take the democrats of
Clifton long to drop on TO the game of
deception, and when they did, they
punetured the democratic Cameron Col
Inns political tire.
Since the discovery of the Lew Col
Inns methods in Clifton IL ia moro than
possible that some of the interviews
with supposed democrats printed in To-
cal republican papers have been manu-
featured by the same individual who at
tempted to masquerade under false
political colors at Clifton. "A