davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Mississippi Union advocate and Southern farm and home. (Jackson, Miss.) 1907-1909, 1908-02-26
Farmers CO-OpeTative
Demonstration Work.
BETTER AGRICULTURAL
METHODS.
BY 3. L. MOSS, DISTRICT AGENT.


Did you ever reflect what the
individual farmer, what the COM
munity, the county, the state, and
the nation have to gain from better
agricultural methods? BY better
methods we mean any methods
that will increase Individual pro-
duction. OF course, increased in
dividual production, if sufficiently
general, means increased produc-
tion for our whole state. 1t means
more wealth, more comfort, better
buildings, better schools, and a
higher standard of civilization.
What we need in Mississippi is
more wealth; and more wealth is
only to be gotten by increased in
diVidual production. Since, per-
haps, nine-tenths of all Of Missis-
sippi's wealth is the product Of her
farms, it follows that if we are to
produce more the effort must be-
gin with our farmers. Scorn it, as
the theorist may, the pursuit Of
wealth has been a powerful factor
in thd development of our nation.
Not The pursuit of wealth for
wealShs sake alone, but for the
physical, mental and moral better
ment that the possession Of. a
moderate amount Of wealth will
bring. No man is a good citizen
until his family are comfortably
clothed, housed and fed, and are
in position to receive the ad
yantages Of at least a common
school education. In individual
production the farmers of Missis-
sippi rank among the lowest in
America. In Iowa each farmer an
nualIy produces on an average
wealth to the amount of S1,O44;
in Mississippi, the average annual
production is only about S25O.0O:
in Iowa we see happy, prosperous
homes, good roads, good schools,
and a high standard of citizenship;
The Mississippi Union advocate and Southern farm and home. (Jackson, Miss.) 1907-1909, 1908-02-26

work. Still, by some practice, a
man can soon learn to do the work
quite well.
The deeper the wash and the
more porous it is, the less likely it
will be to wash. This condition is
best gotten by breaking the land
deeper and deeper every year, and
at the same time incorporating
within it every bit Of vegetable
matter possible. | do not advo-
cate sub-soiling, but | do believe
that the soil can be greatly ben
efitted by blowing a little deeper
every year, and by keeping it well
filled with humus or decayed vege-
table matter. We cannot afford
to burn the corn and cotton stalks,
nor the grass that grows on our
land. What is not eaten by the
stock should be plowed under. 1t
will maintain soil fertility, increase
the yield, and make the use Of COM
mercial fertilizers profitable.
+.
The Mississippi Union advocate and Southern farm and home. (Jackson, Miss.) 1907-1909, 1908-02-26

giving some little fop-eared mer-
chant a deed Of trust on his place,
cows, horses, and everything that
he has. Then he turns around to
his little clerk with his hair parted
in the middle and buys and buys,
and at last sticks his hands in
his pockets, and says, charge this
to me. =
This is easy to say in the spring,
but get out in the fall, Mr.. Farmer,
if you can.
think it is time, and high time,
for the farmers to do something for
themselves, and get on top, for
they are the least recognized Of
any people on earth.
Yours truly,
]. J. SMITH.
The Mississippi Union advocate and Southern farm and home. (Jackson, Miss.) 1907-1909, 1908-02-26
TO OUR SUBSCRIBERS.

Brethren, If you viii notice
the figures opposite youf name
on your paper you can easily
learn when Your time Is out
and when to renew. If, for
instance, the figures are 3-6-8
your subscription expires on
the 9th day of the 3rd month
Of 1908. Please notice this
and renew, as late rulings
Of the postoffice department
limit the time for Us to send
the paper without your re-
newa1, and we are very anx-
ious that you do not miss a
single copy.
The Mississippi Union advocate and Southern farm and home. (Jackson, Miss.) 1907-1909, 1908-02-26
FROM BAY CREEK LOCAL.
DEAR BROTHER 1AYNIE:

DEAR BROTHER HAYNIE:.
If you will allow me space thro'
the columns Of your paper, | will
try to let the Union brothers read
something Of our Local. We are
getting along fine and have about
So members. All strong and doing
fine business. We are having a
hard fight with some people, but
we are standing by the principles
Of our organization, to stick to-
gether and win. | expect to see
hard times this summer, but Let
her come. It is better for it to
come now while we own our land,
than it is to keep up the mortgage
and credit system, and let the mer-
chants take our homes. That is
what they are working for in this
part OF the country. In the future
if there is anything that am going
to try to do, it is to discourage this.
system and make a living at home,
raise such produce as hogs and
hominy'' sweet potatoes, peas and
pindarS. / despise this old way
the farmer has got Of going to
town and going into store and
The Mississippi Union advocate and Southern farm and home. (Jackson, Miss.) 1907-1909, 1908-02-26
FROM DAYTON, VIRGINIA.
DEAR Mr.. HAYNIE.

DEAR Mr.. HAYNIE:
AS received one of the Union
papers and saw 50 many good let
ters contained in it, | decided TO
write few lines myself. Your
favor will be appreciated very
much in printing these few lines.
AS it is my first attempt to write
for the paper, it is subject to cor
rection.-
| am a full-blooded Union boy
from Lorena Local, Mississippi.
You remember | met you at the
train with my cousin, Mr.. Fl. w.
Bradshaw.
Hoping that you will see fit to
print this, ! remain, as ever,
Yours very truly,
JAMES B. PARKER.
Dayton, Va, Feb, 9th, 1908.
The Mississippi Union advocate and Southern farm and home. (Jackson, Miss.) 1907-1909, 1908-02-26
DISTRICT LECTURERS.

The following are District Lee
turers and their assignments fo,
the present:
]. w. JACOBS, Pittsboro Pontotoc,
Chickasaw, Webster
I. J. KING, Durant Montgomery
Carroll, Holmes.
r. T. KEEToN, Senatobia Tate,
DeSoto, Tunica.
REV. r. A. N. WILSON, BatesvilIe
Pamela, Tallahatchie, Yalo-
busha, Grenada.
]. w. BoATwRIGHT, Waysiding
Marshall, Tippah, Benton,
Union.
JOHN L. LINDSEY, Upore Newton,
Neshoba, Leake, Scott.
j. D. DUTToN, Quitman Coving-
ton, Forrest, Lamar, Jefferson
Davis.
M. H. VANDIyER, Caledonia Ok
tibbeha, Lowndes, Winston,
Noxubee.
B. N. EDENs, Aberdeen Monroe,
Ittawamba, Prentiss, Tisho-
mingo, Alcorn.
]. W. ANDERSON, Collins Jasper,
Jones, Clark, Wayne.
a. w MYERS, Brookhaven Jeffer-
son, Franklin, Amite, Wilkin-
son.
N. A. Brown, Yazoo City Attala,
Choctaw, Yazoo.
3. Z. PATE, Freedom Calhoun,
Lee, Clay.
Please publish in ADVOCATE.
G. r. HIGHTowER.
The Mississippi Union advocate and Southern farm and home. (Jackson, Miss.) 1907-1909, 1908-02-26

lin Mississippi the reverse is too
often true, and especially so in our
rural communities. What is the
remedy? 1t lies in greater pro-
duction and in consequently in
creased wealth.
In seeking to establish better
methods among our farmers there.
are three main points on which
the Department of Agriculture is
laying particular stress. These are
better soils, better seed, and better
cultivation. Books might be writ
ten on any one Of these subjects
alone, and that / may not tire you
! am going to confine myself to a
short discussion of our soils.
In the treatment Of our lands
soil conservatism is as equally inn
portant as soil improvement. THAI
is, every possible means should be
employed to maintain their natural
fertility while at the same time
we build them up with fertilizers.
Too often we see the farmer running
his rows down hill and at the same
time applying commercial fertilizers
in the vain hope that he may in
crease his soil fertility. But on
the contrary, his fields grow poorer
and poorer every year, until he is
at last either compelled to change
his methods or to abandon his
Worn-out farm. 4
Year after year thousands of tons
OF fertilizer pour into the Gulf Of
Mexico without having done our
lands a particle Of good. And not
only the fertilizers are often washed
away, but along with them are car
ried whole hillsides of our richest
soils. What is the remedy? Bet
ter methods; and better Methods
in this case means that the
land should be leveled and
vegetable matter grown upon
and Incorporated within it in
order that its capacity for hold
ing water may be increased.
Two methods for terracing and
leveling are employed to prevent
washing. Terracing is quite ex-
pensive and in most cases the cheap
er leveling will be found quite adj
equate for our rolling lands. Brief
ly, leveling consists in laying off
the rows so that they run at right
angles to the steeFest slope Of the
hillside. However, this not quite
done in practice, it usually being
best to give the rows uniform
drop of about eight inches in every
100 feet On lands that are only
slightly rolling it is all right to run
the rows on a deat level. Care
must always be taken to make the
slope Of the rows uniform, else
bad washes must occur wherever
there is a depression. At intervals
Of every few yards, depending on
the degree Of the slope of the land
levees should be thrown up run
ming in the same direction as the
rows. Unless the farmer is quite
proficient in using the leveling in
strument, it is best to employ a
man who makes a speciality of this
The Mississippi Union advocate and Southern farm and home. (Jackson, Miss.) 1907-1909, 1908-02-26
FROM CHICORA, MISS.
EDITOR:

DEAR EDITOR:
Please send me one dozen copies
of the MISSISSIPPI UNION ADVOCATE
as want to get some subscribers.
/ think no Union man should be
without the ADVOCATE, for it is
the strongest incentives to action
| know of along the lines Of Union
ism. | have seen two copies Of
it, but only one man in our Local
takes it. ! joined a few days ago,
and ! expect to do what | can for
the Union. If it is a good thing we
should be willing to make some
sacrifices for its propagation, and
not join merely for the loaves and
fishes. Be benefactors as well as
benefciariesl
Wo,,,.c t,.,,1x1
The Mississippi Union advocate and Southern farm and home. (Jackson, Miss.) 1907-1909, 1908-02-26
FROM TIPPAH COUNTY.
DEAR BROTHER: /:

DEAR BROTHER:
we are progressing slowly up
here. Our Local is five miles west
OF Ripley and we have ~ members.
The County Union meets with our
Local on the first Friday. the 9Th
Of March, and | write to ask if you
could come or send us a good lee
turer i you cannot come yourself.
We will have large attendance.
as we viii elect warehouse officers
at this meeting We hope to have
our warehouse ready for business
by next season. VIII some brother
who has ribbon-cane to sell please
The Mississippi Union advocate and Southern farm and home. (Jackson, Miss.) 1907-1909, 1908-02-26
Yours truly,
w. W.R. LEE.

Dear brother Lee, am glad to
see such men coming into the
Union as it is a sign that the best
people Of our country are coming
to realize the fact that the Farmers
Union is not only a good thing,
but an absolute necessity for the
protection of the farmer and that
the ADVOCATE is the advance guard
and champion of the movement.
Brother G. w. Russell and myself
started this paper in October, 1906,
because we realized the need of a
state organ to keep our people
posted on Union matters in our
own state and we feel that we have
done good work. The ADVOCATE
has thousands Of readers and warm
friends.
The Mississippi Union advocate and Southern farm and home. (Jackson, Miss.) 1907-1909, 1908-02-26
FROM SANFORD, MISS.

DEAR EDITOR:
Do you send the ADVOCATE in
clubs Of ten at fifty cents. We are
a young Local and do not take the
ADVOCATE, but | have a club partly
worked up on that basis, as some
one told us that you would, but
Brother Dutton says he knows
nothing of such an offer.
Yours truly,
The Mississippi Union advocate and Southern farm and home. (Jackson, Miss.) 1907-1909, 1908-02-26
"A. p. RIDGEwAY,
Secretary Treasurer.

Dear Brother The stockholders
fixed the price at One Dollar for
single subscriptions, and rs cents
in clubs Of ten or more. This ap
plies to all alike EDIToR.)
The Mississippi Union advocate and Southern farm and home. (Jackson, Miss.) 1907-1909, 1908-02-26
ELLISVILLE, MISS.
DEAR EDITOR:

DEAR EDITOR:
Please publish the following an
nouncement as soon as possible:
The stockholders Of the Jones Coun-
ty Union Warehouse Company are
requested to meet at the warehouse
at Ellisville on the 10Th day of
February at Il o'clock A. M, on
important business matters.
All will please attend.
I. w. COLLINS, President.
j. G. HATAWAY, Sec'Y
The Washington herald., 1908-06-27
PLACES OF INTEREST.

Library OF Congrtss-Open q m. TO 10 p. on
secular days; from .. M 10 10 D. m. on Sundays
and on certain holidAys
Public Library-Open A. m 10 ?. IN; holidays,
10 a. m. 20 10 p M Sundays TO 10 p. N.
Executive MansiOn--Open 10 a. m. 20 p. N.
United States Capdtol-Open a. N TO 40 .. IN.
United States TTeasuy-Opcn 3 a. m TO .. IL
State. War, and Navy Departments-Open q. m.
TO ?. m. The original DeclAy1tiOn Of Independ-
enco is IN the library Of The State Department.
United States Patent onice-open a. N 70 2
p.
United States Pension Buresu-open a m to
.. m
United States Post-ofice-open . q. m. 10 ? ?. m.
Washington City Post-oficc-open all hoUrs. CThe
Dead Letter o1ice Is in the city pOst-ofhoel
National Botanic Gardens-Oren a m. to p m.
Fish Commisston-Open . q. IN. 10 4-o p. m.
Army Medical NIuseum-Opea a. m. To 40 ,. m
National Muscum--Open a. u. to 43O p N pn-
Guiding holidaysj
Smithsonian Institution-open 8 a m to 40 p
N. Including hOldsysl
Agricultural Deuartment,-opon a. m 20 $50 p. N
Bureau Of Engraving and Prnting-Open a. m
20 23O D m.
Washington Monument t65S,s fcCt IN hsightl-op1n
8 80 a. m. 10 $50 p m Elevator runs from a m
until D m.)
COTcUran Gallery OF Art-Open so A. M 20 p
N IN winter; a N. 10 y. N In summer. Sun
dAys-l:SO p m 70 .. m. excepting in mid-sum-
mer. Admission free on Tuesdays. Thursdays, Sat
urdsys and sunday; other days, sc admission.
Government Printing oflce-Open 10 A. n 70
.. m.
! Navy Yard-Open 9 T. m. 20 $50 p N
SOuthW0rth Cottage 18th - and ProSpect ava
IN THE SUBURBS
Geological Pnrk-Open ali day.
! Rock Creek Bridge and Para.
| Chevy Chase hensingt0- and Chcsapcaho Beach
Naval Obscr1ntoTy-Open a. N. 10 p m.
Mount Vernon (the home and tomb Of Washing
/ tOnl-Open II a. m. TO p m
! Arlington National Cemetery-Open al day.
i Fort Myer Military Post
| Falls Church and Fairfax Court House
/ United States soldier H0me-Open , a. m &c
/ sunset.
Cstbedra, Grounds. TennallytoUn rOad-ODen
/ a. m. to 2. m
Cabin John Bridge. Catholic University. and
/ Alexandria.
Great FANS q the Potomac-Fars are illuminated
| az night.
The Washington herald., 1908-06-27
TWO DEMAND DAMAGES.
Howard Carter and Albert williams
Ask for S5.OOO Each

Two suits for damages We're entered yes
terday against the Anacosta and Potomac
River Railroad Company by Attorneys
Wolf & Rosenberg, representing Howard
Carter and Albert Williams.
Each plaintiff claims damages in 5000.
The suits are upon almost identical
grounds. In each instance the plaintiff
was driving a wagon, which was struck
by a car, and he was injured by being
thrown 70 the ground.
The Washington herald., 1908-06-27
CHANGES AT THE PRINTERY.
Expenses Reduced by Transfers and
Reductions.

Several important changes have been
made in the Government Printing Office
by Public Printer Leech with view OF
reducing administrative expenses and
simplifying the running Of the bindery.
Thomas b. Penicks has been placed In
charge OF the folding machines. succeed
ing James T.. Speer. William c. Con-
nor has been placed in charge Of the
bindery forwarding division, and P. J.
Byrne transferred 10 the finishing sec
tion. Leroy ]. Gaddis. in charge of the
forwarding division. and John II. Kist-
Ter, head fnisher in the bindery, have
been reduced TO the bench.
An innovation Of recent origin. the
editorial division, has been abolished.
and the four employees transferred to po-
sltions as proofreaders. The work for
which they were employed having been
completed. six temporary clerks in the
Office Of the superintendent of documents
have been dropped from the rolls.
The Washington herald., 1908-06-27
EXCURSIONS TODAY.

To Fort Monroe, Norfolk. Newport News and all
points South-Norfok and Washington steamers
every evening IN the year at $50.
Chevy Chase Lake-Concert by United States Ma
rine Band every evening followed BY dancing
To Rock Creek Bridge. Geological Park. Chevy
Chase and Kensington-Cars from Fifteenth street
and New York avenue every fifteen minutes.
To Alexandra-Ferry steamer Lackawanna every
hour and r half from a. n. 20 p. m.
To Fort Myer, Arlington National Cemetery. Falls
Church. and Fairfax Court House-CaTs from Twelfth
street and Pennsylvania avenue and AQUeduct
Bridge.
Chesapeake Beach-See trains IN railroad schedule.
Mount Vernon and Marshall Hal-Steamer Charles
Manchester. daily. except Sunday. 10 a and go
D.
Steamer Queen Anne for River View, 10 a. n, 2l5
and As D. m.
Steamer jamestown for forty-mile moonlight trip
down the Potomac River. daily. AZ p. N
The Washington herald., 1908-06-27
PUNISHED FOR OBSTINACY.
Contrary Negro Must Spend Ter
Years IN Prison.

Ten years in the penitentiary was i'm
posed upon AlonzO Harris. a negro yes
terday, by Justice Stafford, in Criminal
Court. The charge was grand larceny,
and because the convicted man persist
emily denied it and refused TO disclose
what disposition he had made Of his loot
he was given the limit Of the law.
Witnesses showed that Harris had
either snatched or picked up, when they
were dropped. a gold watch and a dia-
mond pin belonging TO Mrs. Dryden, wife
of former Senator Dryden, Of New Jer-
sey. The jewelry was valued at more
than 1900. Testimony showed that he
had had both Of the articles in his pos
session. and that later he was literally
supplied with money.
The Washington herald., 1908-06-27
Examinations Announced.

United States Civil Service Commission
in July for the positions Of assistant
chemist and pharmacologist in the De-
partment Of Agriculture, lithographic
color pressman in the Geological Survey
and for vacancies requiring similar quail
fications as they may occur in any branch
of the service, and for male clerks in the
Bureau of Animal Industry. Department
of Agriculture. The examinations will be
held in various parts Of the United States
The Washington herald., 1908-06-27
Ask for n New Trial.

Motion for a new trial on behalf OF
Frederick A. Hyde and Joost H. Schnei-
der. found guilty by the jury in the land
fraud case on Monday last. were fled by
their attorneys. A S. Worthington and
r. G. Donaldson. yesterday. Argument
will not be heard until the fall term Of
court, in October
The Washington herald., 1908-06-27
AUSTIN MUST GO TO PRISON.
Sentenced 30 Two and "A Half Years
I'm Penitentihry.

in Penitentinry.
Samuel J. Austin. proven guilty Of false
pretenses. was sentenced yesterday to
two and a half years in the penitentiary
by Justice Stafford. in the Criminal
Court.
Austin negotiated a check for so drawn
on a mythical bank account, on the man
agement OF the FL Reno Hotel. The con-
victed man attributed his downfall 10
overindulgence in liquor. He denied the
allegation that he had spent all Of his
mothers money. and declared that al
though he had spent some OF IL, she still
has plenty.
In view Of his sorrow for his misdeeds
and his confession. the court imposed the
light sentence.
The Washington herald., 1908-06-27
COOL UNTIL SUNDAY.
Then. the weather Man Threatens,
High Temperature VIII Return.

High Temperature VIII Return.
In twenty-four hours the thermometer
registered a drop Of twenty degrees. In
the temperature. and the weather man
says that continued cool weather and
breezes will be IN evidence until some
time about Sunday, when the natives
will once more seek the sheltering hooks
and don the lightest raiment obtainable.
for "Old Sol" is 20 again go on the ram
page
Seventy-eight In the shade at 215
o'clock yesterday afternoon was the
high mark reached.
The Washington herald., 1908-06-27
Congress Hall Hotel
SPECIAL SUMNER RATES

Beautiful rooms all new ard outside: coolest spot
in the city Cafe and private dining for small
parties A Ia carte sc.Tice a. m. till midnight
Luncheon. l20 To go = -. - CENTS Table d'hote
dinner 10 ?. m IS centA White help.
Phone Line. aCQ = A MANUAL. Ngz-
The Washington herald., 1908-06-27

IL Your Baby CnTriage Needs New
Tires Send II to Lindsay's
Rubber Store. 933 +. Phone for wagon.
The Washington herald., 1908-06-27
ALIENS STAY HOME
Big Drop in immigration to
the United States.
THE LOWEST IN FIVE YEARS

Greatest Falling on Among the
Russians, While Italy shows the
Second Largest Decrease-Attrib-
uted by Commissioners Sargent to
Reports Of Depression I'm America.
The Washington herald., 1908-06-27
Hn.I Inhnson Cafes

Sea food, New York meats, choice fruit
and vegetables. Noon lunch, table d'hot
dinner. Service Ia carte.
The Washington herald., 1908-06-27

While you think Of it, telephone your
Want Ad- to The Washington Herald. and
bill will ~ sent you at l cent q word.
The Washington herald., 1908-06-27
GRANTED ABSOLUTE DIVORCES,
Mrs. Sutherland and Mrs. LOngstreet
Relieved of Marital Woes.

Two DEGREES Of divorce on similar
grounds. infidelity were signed yesterday
by Justice Ashley NJ. Gould, Of the Su-
preme Court Of the District Correspond
ents were named.
Mrs. Harriet \. V. Sutherland was
granted an absolute divorce from Thomas
E. Sutherland and the right TO resume her
maiden name.
Mrs. Eva Belle Longstreet was divorced
from Francis c. Longstreet. They were
married in this city on January 6. 1898,
and lived together until July 3, 1905
The Washington herald., 1908-06-27
Puri.rimn a super1or &c whirkr.

Fireworks-StrictlyF FIrst-cIass Goods
only. Gundlach, Sl3 7th ST.
The Washington herald., 1908-06-27

Ripe with, age and Of the mellOwest de
velopment- A whisky OF medicinal value
VIM. Cannon. lbs 7th 81. Phone n. SIS
The Washington herald., 1908-06-27

Take 2.3O Train for Chesapeake Beach.
Saturday. 25c; Sunday, SOC round trip.
See ad., page 3.
The Washington herald., 1908-06-27
LOCAL MENTION.

Watch for a city-Randle Highlands
The Washington herald., 1908-06-27

Best serge in America-guar-
anteed true color and true quail
ity-equal to any SIS serge suit
shown elsewhere.
The Detroit times. [volume] (Detroit, Mich.) 1903-1920, 1908-09-29

in Withdrawing from the ballot box a.
The township OF oliver fourteen os.-
lots. and that for anything made 10
appear such ballots should be counted
as cast.
In concluding its opinion the court
said:
The writ applied for by Relat'r
Bradley is denied and the writs ap-
piled for by Relator Warner are both
OF them granted. The good faith or
the respondent board is I'm no manner
questioned and We assume II Will 90
unnecessary that either writ shall act
ually issue. No costs will he award
ed
In his dissenting opinion. Justice
McAlvay says II was the plain intent
OF tho law 10 correct abuses which
had arisen under the convention sys-
tenn and TO permit a political party
10 select its candidates as a distinct
poliucal organization. unassisted oy
Jealous and willing members OF other
parties.
Il think the argument is captous
which confines the work OF the board
to, merely counting the votes In the
boxes. The statute means the count
ing OF the lawful votes cast and tue
enrolment is the only guide which
points out such votes.
The recount will -ee-Fesamed by the
state canvassers, Wednesday.