davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1908-06-07

in this series to have existed in at least forty per
cent of the children" After discussing the SUD
feet in its various phases he conciuoeo oy statiIs
that THE foregoing observations tend strongly 10
confirm in the opinion that II Is ILL NJ .ubor
tarion which is responsible for most or the tuper-
culosis of infants rather than Infection throush
milk or other foods. ~ ,,,.,h,,a Smith
OF the Harvard Medical School, VINO is cTeaiIeu
with having advanced the theory or Two 1 mLt
tvpes OF baciil several years before Dr. aooeIt
Koch of Berlin made similar aflnounCeHl,.,nSss. "a
an address before the Massachusetts Meulcai
Society," said in his conclusions:
There is at present no evidence tnse , ponine
bacillf be transformed ana assume liio hui'1A'
type in the human body.
.'The complete elimination of bovine tuberculosis
may be hoped for in the distant future An actlte
co-operation of individuals with municipal. state
and national forces by eXertfng STEADY pressule
and tiiffusing more knowledge among farmers as
the nature OF tuberculosis, may iedd ~ IT'S i''
disappearance. -
The factor of bovine tuberculosis in the human
maladv is not of such importance that II shouiu pe
permitted imper the proper execution or meas
ilres designed relieve and the strlctIE nuc
man disease divert attention from il as the clef
evil
1t is also very interesting to read the foIlowlng
extract from a interview with Dr. Henry
Iarned Keith Shaw of Albany, because 1t reiatg
10 a practical experience I'm the use OF raw IIllk
among a number of children. As the attending
physician at a local charity home for infants, ne
saws I'VE have in institution here never less
than fifty infants. We feed them on raw COW 5
milk and not a case of bovine tuberculosis has De
velOTed them. ! have watched the matter
very closely / insist upon all infants brought I'M
der my care being fed on raw milk. When mink IS
scalded or serized it loses some or Its most sdi-
liable qualities and have satisfied nNSeli an
patient research that the tubercular bacillus IN cat.
lie is not transmissible to human beings ain
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1908-06-07
REPORT OF MILK COMMISSION.

The summary of their reports reads as follows:
Realizing the magnitude and existing condi-
lions of the milk problems in New York City, the
commission commends the system OF the Depart
ment OF Health. but finds its present facilities
wholly inadequate; IL believes that the danger of
Of tuberculosis through milk has
been greatly exaggerated and be guarded
against by systematic inspection and condeTnIi-
ton of revealing tuberculosis on physical ex-
animation. which should be done by the state au-
diseases be had through regulations of the
Health Department and the education of the farm
ers, and by proper surveillance"
As result Of this report the Mayor directed the
Board OF Estimate and Apportionnent for funds
necessary to carry out these recommendations. The
application made and referred to the Con-
troller, but no action has yet been taken In the
premises.
Outside OF the great metropolis toward which
much of the milk produced in the great dairy
counties OF New York Rravitates. either for con-
sumption IN fluid form or to be eyaporhted con-
agitation for pure milk. excepting spasmodcally In
some OF the larger cities The power OF control fs
vested ia the State Department of Agriculture
During years the effectiveness the work of
bodies for larger appropriations. has largely In
creased. Unfortunately, according to those d.
rectly interested in the milk business the attitude
considered extreme of the former Commissioner in
ened destruction of a great number OF cattle. and
consequently dimfnutton OF the milk supply. Tho
statement fs made authority that unfortunate
situation might have occurred If there had been
Epectors and make q sweeping canvass Of the state
The new Commissioner OF Agriculture, Mr.. Pear
son who connected with the Bureau 81 Ami
nal Industry Washington. and later accepted the
chair of dairy industry Cornell University faces
serious problem which doubt his experience
will him to solvo satisfactorily. In fact Re
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1908-06-07
EFFORTS TO PROTECT PUBLIC.

During the last threescore years repeated and In
creasngly successful efforts have been made to OBJ
tain a supply of pure milk for New York City The
New York City Health Department. while it has
no Jurisdiction beyond the city limits, does have
authority over all milk entering its district and its
control over the sources OF supply, Which belongs
to the state Department of Agriculture is in the
nature of recommendations, which are needed by
In the fall of 1906 there was much agitation
the subject OF pure milk and pasteuriizaitloll
ton on the subject Of pure milk and pasteuriza-
ton was urged as the only remedy. Commissions
were appointed. conferences held. and the question
was debated with considerable heat and yigor by
those favoring measures to use sanitation and ny
giene only a means OF obtaining pure, natural
milk, and others who believed pasteurization q
be the panacea for the impure milk evil. The ad-
Of this last method of overcoming the diff
Guilty and the ensuant newspaper agitation and
proposed special legislation, led Mayor Mcclellan
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1908-06-07
PERFECT SANITATION NEEDED

The expressions already cited of physicians con-
corning the seriousness of the danger OF tuber-
cuious infection from cows thus affected as we'll
as the testimony OF several officials concerning the
relative value of tuberculIn a detector of tuber-
culosis and It's proper place and degree OF impor-
tance IN sanitary science in relation to milch cows
bear directly the question sanitation Whether
1T be the eradication OF tuberculosis as disease ms
final desideratum cOincident with this aim ns a
means OF avoiding the necessity OF tho tuberculin
test. those best informed on the subject believe
that the whole thing rests on a continuance az the
campaign for sanitary measures waged 30 effect,-
ally and with increasing success during tina last
rev years by The Department OF Health OF this
city, various organizations, nuEaberless earnest
physcians. clergymen. tho press public ,nirited
citizens and those among tho farmers and handlers
OF milk who were sufficiently enlightened tn nm
darstand where their interests lie Clean stable,
ana ventilation IA thnm: aggregation OF infected
animals; physical tests, supplemented nv tuher-
culn tests, In doubtful cases extreme care in IN.
handling, transportation and delivery of the fiutd"
these all experience and common selIse nrsrtica
would Indicate az the means necessary 10 aec,iTe
for the innocent consumer who In the language ~
George Ade. "pays the freight" tbat rreatest Of
old fashioned, natural milk. ''"'"'e'
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1908-06-07

cradle TO grave from infancy throughout the stages
Of mans life fottering. Ioothless old age MIX ana
its b-products in various guises form part OF the
food OF every human being. and should every cow
cease to give its welcome fluid for the benent OF
man the result would be disastrous IN the OK
IRENE Fortunately there is possibility OF such
an occurrence through any agency of nature, though
there threatened at one time 10 arise a dangerous
situation through an act of man when wholesale
destruction OF herds might readily have taken place
If the theory tubercun tests only for suspected
cattle had accepted.
That a milk famine was possible there IS no
doubt and that the farmer ready to abandon
the industry is also true. particularly If his profits
syefVs TO be destroyed we'll his COWS The
recent appointment OF Dr.. r. A. Pearson Com
missioner OF Agriculture, and his declared lnten-
ZION Of avoiding extreme measures. has given re-
IeNed hope TO the farmer, and what Is more I'M
poItant the public il has aveTTed the possibility
Of milk famine with AL the suffering such
condition would entail. In fact during the recent
agitation the press concerning the merits and
dangers Of 1uberculin tests. the welfare of the
farmer and OF The great dairy interests OF the
Empire State has been repeatedly discussed TO the
exclusion almost OF the publicS direct interest IN
the financial phase OF the subject
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1908-06-07
EXPERIMENTS IN OTHER STATES.

That Commissioner Pearson is not alone In his
belief that cleanliness and modern sanitary meas
ures in general superior in effectiveness to
dependence only upon the laboratory test of
tuberculin is proved by the following opinions
among experts in several states, and extracts from
official reports Massachusetts, Connecticut, New
Hampshire, Pennsylvania and Vermont have ex,
perimented with what prominent veterinarians and
farmers call the "tuberculin fad. one OF the
recent official reports of the New Hampshire State
Commission said in part:
The tubercun test has been applied to some
extent during the work OF the commission. and
when first announced by supposed authorities as
the proper agency for determining what animals
should be killed and buried used for a short
time as the main dependence in our work. Dur
ing this trial with tuberculin 296 cattle were con-
deinned and buried from The application Of the
test, and all We're given a post-rnortem exaInlna-
ton. A thorough observation of the results In
this course and a careful study of the matter as
reported from various authorities convinced the
hoard that the doubt existing in its mind at the
start in regard to the practicability of such
course well founded. and the practice was
abandoned, except in special cases. where its use
seemed justifable. -.
Heman O. AveriIl. Commissioner on Domestic
Animals, in his report TO the Governor and Cen
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1908-06-07

combating as earnestly as I the theory that 1t
is Moreover, | regard as little short of crime
the fear that has been instiled into SO many sane
minds that there is danger of what is popularity
called consumption in any of its manifestations be
ing contracted by humans by eating beef or drink
ing pure milk
A noted practitioner pointed out that if con-
sumption as it is popularity called. We're trans
Missile through COW milk. to any perceptibe de
gree. the human would ere this have been
utterly destroyed.
The discussion Of the causes and effects of i'm
pure milk and the tuberculosis question leads us to
what protective measures, what theoretical labora
tory practical experiments. have been and are
being used or tried 10 safeguard the public.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1908-06-07
STATE SYSTEM OF INSPECTION.

al believe that the so-called Bang system OF ehi
mating tuberculosis from herds offers great
promise. This method was reported by a Dahlsh
scientist and it has been tried with success III
Canada, New York. Pennsylvania and other oaify
states 1t does not depend upon slaughternS an
infected cattle Under this method the tupefcuiouS
cows of the herd separated from the COWS
which are known to be healthy anu t"o 10 - :,
kept instead of one. Where the farmer has many
cows this does not necessarily lhVoNe inuch Il
any, additional cost for keep. ~,
1.-The calves from tuberculous COWS are seheliiiS
healthy when born. AS rule such calves are De
lieved TO get the disease from the milk OF thelr
mothers. but however the infection occurs, it is
well known that the offspring OF tuoercuouS cows
which are kept with these COWS commonly deFeop
Under the Bang system the calves from tubere
culous cows are not allow ed to take the milk OF
their mothers until it been heated high enough
kill the germs of tuberculosis, ana iheIl cootu
liked by the calves When these calves have out
grown the period of milk diet they are paced VIII
latter herd steadily increases in size, while the
herd OF tuberculous cows does not increase On
the other hand it gradually runs our as 't ne Tom
otherwise disposed of as the owner chooses.
in connection with this system IT Is ns fn
Of tuberculosis thrive best where unsanitary
that these germs often find Judgment In human a
come by the natural opposing forces of the INV
ing body, and these forces are at their best Wnen
in turn is best when sanitary conditions. which
means abundant fresh air and sunllsht arc Pro-
vided"
toned by Mr.. Pearson is ono that few people know
has been established in this State and Grown IN
panies is rigidly practiced in such way that
through frequent veterinary inspections, me opJeG
the herds that these herds represent SAFE
healthy cattle One representatDe COMPANY t nis
IA iiitated the work Of the State Agricultural De-
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1908-06-07

eraI Assembly of Connecticut. says of bovine
tuberculosis
The experience and observations of the Com
missioner during the last seven years convince
him that bovine tuberculosis is stable disea So
that 1t is very rarely. if ever, communicated from
one animal to another while cows are in the
pasture and that it is safe to assert that this
rible scourse will never be permanently removed
from the dairy herds of the state until more SAINT
tary conditions are introduced into a great ma
housed ~ 80
Tuberculin was extensively used In Massachu-
sets. but since the farmers began their fight
against wholesale testing and destruction of cat
tie the state appropriation has been gradually re-
duced. DR.. Austin Peters chief of that states
cattle bureau has declared himself as fully sat
ished with the physical test policy adopted there
now. Tuberculin is used for all imported cattle
but only at the written request of the owner for
those In 80
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1908-06-07
RATIONAL METHODS OF INSPECTION.

The entire question, sanely considered, resis, uP
the theory of bovine tuberculosis being cornmuii
cable through the agency of milk and thus oireoHs
upon methods for the eradication Of the eVh. Aie
is wide divergence Of opinion concerning 'iio
subject The report of the milk commission alreauy
quoted. declared 1t greatly exaggerated. ~ IT, y
event the direct result of this agitation was 10
cattle. The tuberculin solution so often ~
In this article, is sterile product cohtains
toxins of the living tubercle or germs OF % -
losiS. During its preparation 1t is poneo l"i'e a'
filtered through a porcelain filter -, .,r,oI n
When injected into n-tuberculouS aHi ~. =.
usually produces rise of temperature put ~ i 10y
not signify that the animal is tuberculous: Ia 1
tuberculous animal the temperature Will usif'iay
rise from TO degrees above the hori 1. %
initial temperature taken preceding the mJecuoii VI
the solution. .,,,t
Tuberculin will in no way determine the anou,I
the disease the animal possesses. as tne result
fering with but one little encysted tuberSuous
tumor though the animal possessed the disease
in considerable degree The general use OF tupei
culin determining the existence OF tuDeI -
in the herds of any one community is claimed 20
disturbing than satisfying. on the sIoui 20
that Ii is difficult to determine the point OF
exact rise of temperature at which an ANNA ai az
be positively condemned as having the disease az
there many influences which may aHect 'i -.
animal while the test is being MADE, "ihcn III
themselves would produce a rise OF temper a,I g
independent of the tuberculin and Whlcn may EASY
mistaken to the existence OF tuberculosisI
This test has been stated. has been useu
lately with great vigor for the inspection OF catIs
practically to the exclusion OF a phys St 'tlIu
II has caused storm of protest. commissioner
Pearson has declared himself in favor or more
conservative policy. In a recent publication ne HaS
been quoted saying: e
the tuberculin test. Much be accomplished pX
physical examination. and the department. VIII
make the fullest possible use OF TINS me'ioo u
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1908-06-07
INTERESTS OF CONSUMERS AFFECTED

Eliminating the farmer temporarily in an
nomic consideration of the milk question, does it not
= appear evident that the consumer, that patient
component OF Industrial life and the who
makes all effort possible and who generally is the
victim of all changes, will first Of all feel the
suit Of a milk famine2 The curtailment of produc-
zion by OF the partial destruction OF herds
The abandonment of the dairy industry due the
application OF a pathological theory in ndis-
criTninate fashion. would have brought about
profibitlVe rise in price-enIaiing suffering
and encouraging fraud and adulteration never
before in the history of milk
This elementary problem needs NOT the aid of
algebra ogarithms for solution, but in order to
show the milk question affects the public,
what its dangers and safeguards are. is here
pertinent TO give a brief resume concerning the
effects of impure milk and the mooted
question OF the transmission Of bovine tuberculo-
Sis TO the human race before delVing further into
the present agitation concerning the value tuber-
-~lIjn as an effective test for infected cattle
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1908-06-07
ON THE SANITARY
TREATMENT OF MILK
IMPURE MILK CONSTANT
SOURCE OF DANGER.
Physical Tests and Perfect Santa
ton Viii Produce Wholesome
Natural MHk.

There is. perhaps. more vitality important
question before the public. the whole field of
sanitation and the application of enlightened meth
DDS therein and there is none OF more pertinent IN
rerst to-day and always than the subject OF how 10
secure pure natural. wholesome milk 1t is, there
fore proper that the first articles OF series when Il
IS proposed TO publish sanitation should deal
with this phase of question so pregnant with
significance in its relation TO the health OF the
community
The absolute dependence OF all Of Us upon the
milk of domestic animal is seldom realized. From
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1908-06-07
CAUSES OF IMPURE MILK.

The causes which create an unhealthy condition
in milk are uncleanliness. improper feeding OF
cattle and adulteration- These are three danger
zones. fguratively, through which it must pass
before reaching the consumer The first of these
begins with the physical condition of the COW
(which is discussed later-the unsanitary udition
of the stable and slovenly methods in handling,
transportation and delivery. This treatment is a
fertile medium for the propagation Of numerous
Particularly IN infants, either through the agency
of germ infected water or carried by flies from
familiar 10 the average reader, might be cited
community account Of the Ignorance care
lessness Of some farmer handler Of milk in
rnsing out his milk cans with gerIn-infected water
or by leaving the fluid exposed to flies or dust
menace. which though not as deadly in result as
.ious food distrbs The Chemical baIaTce of ,nrr1sI
milk and causes stomach and bowel troubles Rich
healthy milk may only be obtained by feeding
which produces it Bad foods. for example. are
stiey grains I4seed meal glucose or afsrc or
refuse and Others which seriously affect the flavor
among the foods which any sensible and en-
Eghtened farmer would FEED to his cows because
the best market price; Ad1ltera a by unscrupu
guarded against in attempt to secure the ideal
IN milk Many indeed are the criminal methods
pioyed 20 obtain a large profit or to disguise the
TACT that the milk is not fresh. the traditional
fnaIdehyde and other preservatives have also been
IMPURE s rro n eso1aan y aa en1
e,2Snrnunties stricken in the dark as II We're by
hidden enemy the question OF the possibility OF DO
beings through drinking milk suggests itself
count Of the wide publicity WHICH the subject has
stant danger which has been placed in the public
aspect OF the subject some authoritative opinions
are here quoted for the purpose OF allaying any
siSereS by the medical profession as sorne"hat
mediate Infections.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1908-06-07
BOVINE TUBERCULOSIS DISCUSSED.

d.. L Emmett Holt, well known as g specialist
In children's diseases Professor Of Diseases of
Children, College OF Physicians and Surgeons New
fantile InbeTea1osls. published in the Archives
OF PediatT'cs september. 1907, refers 70 the fire.
cuency or pulmonary tuberculosis fn infancy and
relates the means employed TO examine the rpu-
fun Of infants and determine the existence OF The
disease. DR.. Holt further states: THE source of
infection IN many of the hospital cases which
Impossible TO uace II is, however. interesting 10
yote that definite history of tuberculosis Sn one
otaer parent existed in tHenty-one cases anS
that in elk others there wes positive evidence Of
the disease In other Der of the house.
hold. and in fwo others there somewhat
doubtful history Of tuberculosis Direct conts zion
would therefore, he the explan alton Of 2
sery large proportion OF the cases. Il being shown
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1908-06-07

has already made statement of his views o. ' nc
relative merits physical and tuberculin ~ ~
rather as 10 the proper application oil po'h Va
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1908-06-07

TO appont a milk commission of five members. con
sisting of Drs. Abram Jacobi Roland G. Freeman
4. Emmett Holt, T. Mitchell Prudden and
D. Bryant all well known physicians, patholo
sziSt or apfpriOlOgiStS.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1908-06-07

FOR SAT.E-MiII and farm property old
established: fully equipped; located near
New York City. Full details at Mcdonald
Virgins Co, 81 Broadway
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1908-06-07

S12 500 PARTNER WANTED in best pay
ing automobile garage; experience ul
necessary: located New Jersey NcDonai'f
Virgins Go. Isl Broadway
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1908-06-07
AUCTIONEERS.

ATWOOD & PATTEE. Auctioueers. Ap-
pralsers High class sales conducted.
furniture. paintings. art objects. merChan-
disc bought. Prompt settlement Local
references. 40 Nassau st. Tel s3ll-
Reekmsn.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1908-06-07
FOR SALE.

/ .ce TYPEWRITER letters So. eS
letfsrheads or envelopes 81 so. 500
E'4Tm-t labels. I5c. a. Stephan. 100
Chamber
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1908-06-07

At -, a, ,.iros in quantities s VEN, Co
IN uSi ra,s g Empire CITY Elee'F''''
a5I William 81
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1908-06-07

sNNKBooN No. tI3F, Is r Il s. Aay z
savings tnstit!a'.io" :, = Il IS hereos las
; spa n to ' Present me SANE me, "Ss.IsssoO
- Sp'. submit 10 having , salI
49, a., a new enc
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1908-06-07
,osr-H4SKB0OkS

L@ % me or Emisrat rds.5aI ,: saySSo "
r,,,,--Se1s stopped. please
tarE No. u chambers 81 -,,-,s
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1908-06-07

NANTEp.-informatio regarding good
business Tor sale: not particular about
character. size or location: prefer 70 deal
with owner. Give price and fan descrip-
tion Address l. Darbyshire. BoN 59St
Rochester. " Y
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1908-06-07

$40 CASH and $40 per month viii buy a
beautiful California vineyard. the Income
from which will be- sufficient to make YOU
independent for life: handsome pamphlet
valuable information and contract free.
Sacramento Valley Improvement Co. 81
Louis. Mo.