davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Arizona republican., 1908-08-21

for. in addition to the displaying of mere signals. the interlockins system provides for the possibility of error on the part of an engine driver by setting dcrailing switch by disconnecting the rails about 400 feet from where they converge or cross the other tracks. This Is rather heroic alternative. but 1t Is calculated that 1t is better to run the risk Of smash ing an engine and cars than to permit sure accident. in which the damage would be far greater.
 on in the country, where passenger trains run at high speed, the interlocking system at crossings Is absolutely neees- sary; but the average passenger as he whisks along sees but little of the con- trolling forces along the route. It Is only when the train Is approaching terminal. and where steel ribbons seem ingly slide under and out from the car and the train wends it's way along most intricate pathway of twin rails. that he begins to take notice of the vast number of tracks interlaced. until the wonder Is that the engineer in charge of the train knows where he is going.
 Approaching the new Union Station at Washington one finds a perfect maze of tracks together with crossovers that are of intricate design. making 1t possible to transfer trains from anyone of the dozen or more tracks to another. In order to govern the movements of the incoming and outgoing trains. as well as the move ments of the yard engines that make up the trains there is a most elaborate inter locking system and the man in the signal tower who has control of the many levers has a task of great responsibility to gov ern the network of rails
 Owing to the number of tracks and the number of combinations that can Ee made by the crossover switches 1t has bccn found necessary to provide for 42 sep arate signal arms. These arc hung from a bridge spanning all of the tracks and as each Is capable of being displayed in three positions there are possible I2G combinations Of course there are but few of these that are In use at any one time. but during q day the trains coming
Arizona republican., 1908-08-21

in and going out every few minutes on various tracks necessitate considerable ac- tIvity on the part of the signalman and the little arms are constantly wigwaGsing At night the lights take the place of the arms as signals and the winking of tbe white. green and red remind one of the talking lights" on a warship. only the latter use but two colors-red and white
 In the early days of operating switches from station towers the signalman had to move the switches by main strength. Later compressed air was employed. but this system was costly to install and maintain as the plants were operated by electricity, and in cold weather the moist ure in the pipes would freeze and tie things up. Finally experiments were made with electricity and this has been found to be satisfactory. The current is gener- ated by gasoline-driven engines and stored in large batteries In sufficient quantities to last about 10 days. These types are used to a great extent at points where 1t is not convenient to get electricity.
 With the great strides that have been made in railway signals It Is Interesting to note that one of the earliest systems of block signaling or train dispatchinS was operated In England long before the advent of the telegraph. It was novel. but thoroughly in keeping with the times and conditions. At each station was erect ed a tall mast on which a large ball could be raised with halyards. When a train pulled out an attendant raised the ball to the top of the mast. Then he picked up bis field glasses and watched for the train to reach the next StatiOn when the attendant there mastheaded his ball. Then the man at the first station lowered his ball and the block was then clear for the following train f2
 With the ope-a;i,-, of more trains and at higher rates of speed came the telp- graph and this led to the development of everything in conncc: ion with railroatIns The development hss not yet ccaSrd. new inventions are constantly making their ap- pearance and it requires much energy oB the part of operating officials tO keep abreast of tho times.
Arizona republican., 1908-08-21

passed n certain other point a predeter- mined distance in advance. This Is the space interval system, or. as commonly known. the block system.
 When rigldly observed the block system Is absolutely perfect in theory. but 1t is In the practice that there is the failure. One of the earliest methods of operating the block system was by telegraph. there being operators at each block signal who were constantly In communication with each other and who noted the passing of trains by their stations. setting their sig nals accordingly.
 Accidents occurring Q s a result of neg liGence on the part of slgnHl men caused the installation of the block and block system by which the blocks were con trolled by electro magnets with systems extending over two blocks. Thus 1t re- qulred two operators to work Tn conjunc ton or the signals could not be set for a clear track.
 Even this system has proved 10 be un- satisfactory on the large roads on which a fast passenger service Is maintained.
Arizona republican., 1908-08-21

in tue path of the lever. If. then, an en- gineer attempts to run past a danger signal, the lever strikes the valve and, automatically, the air brakes are applied and the train comes 10 a stop.
 Another branch of the signal service is that known as the 'interlocking." which Is used where tracks cross or con verge at grade. This is a method by which number of switches and signals are operated from q central point by means of levers, and all are so con nected-interlOcked-th In their normal condition the stop signal Is displayed to every track fin every direction. This system Is entirely manual. but the op- orator cannot give a clear track tO any one train without locking up the system so that no other proceed" signals can be shown. all signals remaining at nor nal. or stop, until the train that gets the first right Of way has passed into the next block.
 Should an engineer disregard the stop" signal and rush past, he would come to a rather sudden stop hy leaving the rails,
Arizona republican., 1908-08-21
PRISONER IS HELD
 UNDER HEAVY BOND
Was Rather a Surprise to George, But Bigger One in Store.

Birt George or Jack George or what ever his right name may be, who was arrested Wednesday charged with ae- dUction and being a fugitive from jus tee in Arkansas was yesterday ar raigred before Justice Johnston and placed under a S5OOO bond which he could rot furnish. He appeared with out lawyer and expressed his Yill- iIenoss to go back to Arkansas and face the music. which it is sad will be of a fortissimo and crescendo Ua- ture when the full truth is made known.
 George was visibly disappointed when the amount of the bond was made known for he was prepared to furnish $500 in cash. He tf<ats the charge with contempt and appears to be rather over confident of it's out come. In letters which he has written to friends in Arkansas. he has admit ted his part in the downfall of beauti- ful Ada Huntington, school teacher, who he says is an attractive girl of good parentage, and these will be put in evidence against him.
 Sheriff NJ. J. Hattley is expected to arrive here in a few days and take the
Arizona republican., 1908-08-21
WE RECOMMEND sExlNE PILLS.

It makes no difference what is the cause of ones weakness. If it be a tonic that is needed, SeXine Pills will do more han any other tonic They are the one tonic that strikes at the bottom of all weakness, the nerve centers. They send new vital ity bounding through the body, pro- ducing glow and jingle that revive the langUid energies of youth. Sex inc Pills begin by bringing quiet re- pose to futtering nerves, and in- ducing restful and refreshing sleep. Price s1 a box; six boxes $5 with full guarantee. Address or call El- vey 6 HuIett where they sell all the principal remedies and do not sub
Arizona republican., 1908-08-21

prisoner back to Russellville, where the warrant was issued for his apprehen- sion.
 ,ieOrge Red Hamilton was also brought before Justice Johnstone yes terday and was held to answer to the grand jury to the sum of $500. which he could not furnish. The three wit nesses who claimed to have seen him take the money from the person of Quinn at the Star lodging house, fail ed to give any very valuable testi- mony. However, Hamiltons confess sion to Marshal Moore while he thought they had him cinched. and ac- llnowledging his guilt was most dam aging proof.
Arizona republican., 1908-08-21
SfE-SAW SETTLED
 BY HARTMAN STOCKS
The Market Close Was Strong Under the Influence of Southern Pacific.

New York, Aug. 2O.-The reaction ary of the stock market which became so pronounced in yesterdays late op- crations. gathered fresh momentum to- day resulting in temporary losses to number of active issues. There was further acute weakness in New York Central both here and abroad, although in London the opinion prevails that a reduction in the coming dividends will be avertcd. In the final hour recover ies from the early session were made. Under the lead of the Hartman issues the greater part of the days early loss gave place to net gains. The close was strong under the lead of the Southern Pacific which reached the high price under this movement.
 Bonds were irregular.
Arizona republican., 1908-08-21
GAYLE AND SHEEP

Chicago, Aug. 2O.-Cattle receipts 4OoO. Market was steady to higher. Reeves S3.75m760; Texans $3.50m5.20, westerns $350m6 500, stockers and feed CTS $265m4.5O; cows and heifers $1.75 m6.O0; calves $5.50@5.75.
 Sheep receipts 15,600 Market steady. Natives $3.25@425; westerns $2.75m4.25; yearlinEs $4.25m 800, lambs $350@6.25; westerns $3.75@640.
Arizona republican., 1908-08-21
STOCKS

Amalgamated copper 772s. Smelling 94fs, Atchison SS, St Paul 142, New York Central 1O21a, Pennsylvania 123A Reading 1241A, Southern Pacific 993s Steel 45%, Steel pfd. 1OS5s.
 Silver SIS, MeXicans 45.
Arizona republican., 1908-08-21
M METALS

New York, Aug. 20. There was a decline of about 2s Cd in the London tin market today. Spot G132 IFS Sd, and futures G133 12s Cd. Locally the market was weak Spot $29.00m29.50.
 Copper was lower in the London market. Spot 59 1Ss 9d futures SO 15s Locally the market was dull and un changed. Lake $13.50@13.621a, cleo trolytic S13.3712 @13.5O, casting $13.121a G13.25.
 Lead was higher in London G13 Ss 9d. Locally there was no change re- ported, market continued dull, spot S4.J7H M4.62g5.
 ~ Spelter 5s lower 19, 5s in London. Locally market was dull s4.55@4.60. Locally iron was unchanged.
Arizona republican., 1908-08-21
bI@ndZB11d6e aLEnt77ance tt lhowzn6HzZLnle ofUzcEa and Gaz6 OYo11 G0Yezc2ed bTR2 1goeTa6e Rh6naZ9

OI 2~S DezOS|E2Se %-<s1-%@@| nF ALI. features in the operation of 4E a railroad none Is so important as " the system of signals. for no matter to what state of efficiency in other re- spects the railroad may be. the lives of the passengers and the safety to equip ment. to say nothing of the freight, de pend upon the proper operating of the signals.
 For years the question of signals has been one of perplexlty 10 the officials oi every railroad fin the country. It has been demonstrated. and with frlGhtfu emphasis, that the human element In tn operation of signals has been the weak est link. and practically every ac"iaen has been due to neglect or oversight ni. the part of the men In the sigma! tower scattered along the roads.
 It Is true that investigations follow Ing accidents have shown conclusive that the signal men have sometimes be subjected to too much strain by reaS'' of long hOurS and the same has been found in the case of engine drivers. but. nevertheless. this but brings to the fore that feeling that wherever there are men placed in positions of great responsibility there Is a certain percentage of lapses re- sulJing in entastrophies.
 The great advances that have been mnde In the methods of applying electric ity to every day needs have been help ful to railroads. and the leading roads. Inc Baltimore and Ohio. Pennsylvania. Union Pacific and others, are now equip ping their lines with aD entirely new system of signalling of an electrical nature that gives promise of being more than % per cent. accurate and may pre- vent entirely that most awful Of acci- dents-the rear-end collision.
 The cost of installing the new system Is prodgious, but the cost of accidents. with the settlement of suits and the re- pairing of equipment. Is also enormous, so that. after all, the expenditure Is war ranted. S
 Under a system that ms prevnhed Tor several years trains have been dispatched one after another at intervals. according to a prearranged schedule allowing so many minutes between successive trains. | his is known ns the time interval sys- tenn By another system trains are run so that one Is allowed 10 pass q given point only when a preceding train has
Arizona republican., 1908-08-21
GRAIN

Chicago, Aug. 2O.-Wheat closed firm for September and December. Barely steady for May. September wheat up % cents
 Corn was strong, closed higher September opened E dAc higher at 77Hc to 775sc, advanced to 7SBc closed 77%c.
 Oats closed firm. September opened 4 e hc higher, 4S5s to 4SBc. Advance ed to 49Hc and closed 4S%c.
Arizona republican., 1908-08-21
ARIZONA WEATHER.

Washington, Aug. 2O.-Weather forecast for Arizona: Partly cloudy Friday; showers in the north; Satur- day showers, except fair in the south west.
Arizona republican., 1908-08-21

POOL RESULTS.-In the tourna- ment games at the Capital pool hall last night Weeks defeated Crcagcr by a score of 75 to 64. The play tonight will be between Mccoy and Ludlam
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1908-08-28

The naturalization of Pendeton
Savings bank, one of the strongest
banking institutions in eastern Ore
gon Is a distinct advancement in
banking circles in Pendleton and gives
the city additional prestige in finan-
cial circles of the state and of the
northwest. While the savings bank
has been at the head of the list OF
private institutions in the state It
has made a credltable advancement
by becoming a national bank and is
to be congratulated on this step With
capital stock of 100000, and a
charter from the United States gov
ernment back of It the new institu-
ton, "The American National bank
begins a new era in the financial cir
cles of the county. With three
strong and progressive national banks
Pendleton is strengthened and ad-
vanced another step as leading fl
nancial and commercial center.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1908-08-28
TO MOVE THE STATE FAIR.

The Rural Spirit of Portland this
week discusses a subject that has re-
ceived much publicity in Oregon dur
ing the past few years, the removal
of the state fair grounds from Salem
to Portland.
There is a tendency in the state
toward making Portland the hub of
the state institutions. There is
strong sentiment in favor of locating
the state university there; many
claim that one big normal school
would supply the entire state If To-
Gated at Portland; it is claimed that
the metropolis is the logical home of
the agricultural college and now the
matter of moving the state fair is be-
ing generally discussed.
Oregon is not always going to be
one-city state Eugene in the Will
lamette valley, Pendleton in eastern
Oregon and Medford in the southern
portion Of the state and perhaps
Marshfield on the lower coast will
grow into metropolitan centers and
will be entitled to state institutions.
So the tendency toward centering ey-
cry interest and every institution in
Portland or any other one city of the
state should be discouraged.
Oregon is a big state with diversi-
fled interests and will always demand
a big. broad policy for the conduct of
the state institutions and state enter
prises. It will keep the rich red
blood Of state pride flowing more
freely and more vigorously through
her veins II the state institutions are
distributed over the state where peo-
ple in all parts of the commonwealth
may enjoy the presence of the states
great machinery.
The Rural Spirit says:
A rumor that the oregon state fair
will in time be moved to Portland
has attained considerable circulation
throughout the state.
This idea was reached, no doubt,
from the fact that Portland is build
ing big racing and stock show plant.
The promoters Of the Portland enter
prise have never given this any con-
slderation, and perhaps never will
unless the country people make strong
demands in favor of Portland
This journal has never been and is
not now in favor Of moving the state
fair anywhere. We have ample room
on the present site to equip one Of the
finest fair grounds in America and
we hope that the idea Of moving the
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1908-08-28
HOW TO GET ALONG IN SCHOOL

Every year large numbers Of wor-
! thy young people work their way
through the various schools Of PEN
d!eton. Business men are delighted
to be able to offer work to these
young people and homes are to be
found for scores of young men ana
women who earnestly desire to attend
school.
The East Oregonlan is personally
acquainted with a number of gradu-
ates of Pendleton schools who have
worked their way through They are
among the brightest, most thorough
students the schools have turned out,
They are we'll acquainted with hard
work in and out of school. They are
not strangers to hardship, but their
acquaintance with hardships and
hard work only fits them more fully
for life's work.
No good education comes without
effort. No young man or woman who
is afraid of work ever amounts to
much. No student who scorns work.
ing through need ever expect any
great results from their education.
1t is honorable to work. 1t is a part
of every education.
Last year 533 young men worked
their way through Harvard university,
the greatest university, in many re-
spects, in the world They did not
hesitate to work at anything which
was offered. Some of them sawed
wood, some waited tables, some peel,
ed potatoes, some swept stairways and
offices, some worked in laundrles.
some in kitchens, some in Libraries,
some in stables-but they worked
their way through this great lnstltu-
ton.
Some ,of these young men were
studying for the law, some for the
ministry, some for engineering pro-
fessions, some for teaching, some for
accountants. some for scientific pur-
suits, but no matter what their ulti
mate object in life they were willing
to adopt. any honorable means to
reach it,
And every pulpit occupied by any
o. these boys will be better because
of that hard work, and every court
will be better because of the pres
ence of these young lawyers who
worked their way to a profitable ana
honorable profession.
So don't be afraid to work. Pen
dleton will help you get an education.
There is. a place here for you.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1908-08-28

The left over booms sometimes fer
ment and cause explosions.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1908-08-28

THE SWIFT SPECIFIC CO., ATLANTA, GA
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1908-08-28

fair will not grow into any import
ance.
1t is the promise of Salem's busl-
ness men to dispel this idea by get
ting behind the state fair and help
boost It as their big exposition and
make arrangements to care for the
people who attend the fair in man
ner that will bring them back again.
The fair management Is doing its
part in providing room and accommo-
dations for exhibitors each year and
II the business men of Salem will
look after their guests in the same
spirit there will be no danger of the
fair being moved from it's present
home.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1908-08-28
"GoOD ENOUGH" HABIT.

There is habit, very easily con-
tracted, which everyone in business or
otherwise should avoid. 1t Is the
good enough" habit.
II you are building a house, and use
some faulty timber, just because 1t
looks quite right on the surface, what
can you expect? Why, that ultimate
ly the weak point will give way, and a
disaster may occur SO the cautious
builder makes sure of using good ma
terlal.
SO It Is with every phase OF life.
Don't be content because thing is
good enough" Remember the time.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1908-08-28
: +++**+++++++++*+

. The eyes that peek and peer to .
. find the worst a brother .
. holds,
. The tongue that speaks in Bit .
. terness. that frets and .
fumes and scolds; .
. The hands that bruise the fall .
en-. tho their strength was .
made to raise
. The weaklings who have stum- .
bled at the parting of the .
ways
. All these should be forgiven, for .
they know not what they .
do" .
Their hindrance makes great .
er work for wiser ones like .
you. .
So, when they scourge a wretch .
. ed one who's drained sins .
. bitter cup,
. Say something good about him .
II you have to make it up. .
South Carolina Pythian. .
+++++*++**++++++ = +
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1908-08-28

Pendleton don't want supply Of
water from the lower river.
The East Oregonlan owes its read
ers an apology for continuing this
seemingly needless argument, but 1t
is matter Of public concern and de-
serves attention,
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1908-08-28
LOGIC FIT FOR CONGRESS.

Because the Pendleton Tribune "go.
off on the wrong foot" in its state
ments about the location of power and
water sites on the Umatilla river 1t is
making a frantic effort to maintain
its position and in doing so has con-
tradicted itself half a dozen times
within the last two days.
In one breath the Tribune says that
a power site does not interfere with
the supply of water in stream; that
all the filings on power facilities on
the Umatllla river have not interfered
with Pendleton's right to use this
water at any place in the stream and
in the next breath it says that the only
reason Pendleton may be considered
short Of a water supply is because w.
S. Byers has the entire flow of the
stream located for power purposes.
In one sentence it says a power site
does not interfere with the water sup
Ply and in the next it denies this state.
ment and says that w. s Byers' rights
are the ones which will make trouble
for Pendleton.
A filing for a power site claims a
stated number of inches for the To-
Gator and nobody can go above this
site and diminish the supply Of wates
without violating the law. Pendleton
could not go above the Wenaha peo-
pies sites and divert water if her d.
version interfered with their supply;
neither can Pendleton go above the
Mckay creek sites filed upon yester-
day to divert water for the city's use,
if that diversion infringes on the To-
cation Of 10000 inches of water made
yesterday.
Pendleton don't want to come be-
low all the power sites for a water
supply. She wants fresh water sup
ply from the high mountain and haa
intended going to the upper river for
such supply but the location Of all the
available water in the stream below
bars the city from making a filing
above the new power sites.
Even would-be congressman
should understand that 10000 inches
Of water is 10000 inches Of water and
if a company locates that amount at
a given point a subsequent locator
cannot 90 above and diminish that
amount without violating the law and
inviting endless litigation.
Pendleton don't want to take out
a supply at the agency or anywhere
else in the lower river. She wants
a mountain supply and the filings
made recently have cornered all the
supply Of the upper river.
Any little third-grader should be
able TO see the fallacy Of the Tribune's
contradictory argument. In one sem
tence It declares that a power site
claiming a stated number Of inches OF
water does not interfere with the
flow Of the stream and in the next
breath IT says that the only serious
obstacle in the way Of Pendleton's Sc
curing a fresh water supply is the
Byers' power site.
The filings Of the Wenaha people
are just as legal and binding as those
OF W. 5. Byers and are just as much
Of an obstacle in Pendleton's way as
the Byers filing. Pendleton cannot
90 above either Of them and interfere
with the flow Of the stream. And