Mexico weekly ledger., 1908-07-16

--N NAsa VI Bull a D1ONIHINn IN lna dill
was a deliberate and cuaning piece Of
political trickery, nothing more nor Ieea
~ was done to prevent the passage OF
suen a law. NO measure could be more
aDhorrent TO Republican managers. who
depend most upon golden sinewe for no.
itsral victories, h a law compelling
9 detailed and accurate statement OF ths
sinyune ana source OF campaign contrt-
oulons ana the methods Of expenditure.
over and over Democrats In both Honsee
challenged the Republican maioritv 10
take up n pass a publicity bill pure
anu simple pledg1ng. a unanimous Demo-
were only laughed at for our pafns'
MARK my word. in due time Il will ali
come out again, as It did before, that
ecammons contributors to the Republican
nave been more generous than nationaI
pankers Mr.. Roosevelt was tho 70
clpient Of such favors from banks in
snrance companies, and other corpora
lyVv. and again when he was a candi-
gate Tor the Presidency in 1904 Affar
nls election he walled like a veritabie
ceremlan IN warning. protest against the
OF the electorate BY the H.
legitimate use OF money. But before the
erection he personally sent for Harrimsn
ahu otners TO come TO him at the White
t noIse .,d ana there he personally invoked
sneir ana IN raising money. and on one
occasion, within twenty-four hours amer
leaving the august executive nresencs
ri. aaTriman produced 100000 and
luTneu over to Chairman Corteiyo,i-
Roosevelt took the goods. and then VIII
a pharisaicsl pretense Of virf,,a -
nounced the method through which ~
h had ontained his office as a crime and
hls PARTICIPATING pals as criminals IN
course, when the President siened tha
Alarich-V reeland bill, the last act whlch
made IL a law. not even a dream fiiffed
across the horizon OF his ~virtuous mind
mat possibly the banks out of gratitude
to him might remember TAFT, ,rhis
Wh0ie performance would be comicaI. il
IL did not border SO closely upon tragedy.
FEDERAL AGGRESSION.
The question of the constitutional rela-
ernments, involving the powers ana i,,ris-
ulctlon OF each, although an old question.
coevai with the foundation OF the repub,
, u mas, D. the circumstances OF recent
years neen forced acutely to the front
again. In the beginning there were two
great DIVERGENT lines of thought. the ono
most conspicuously represented by Hamii-
nom ,onr anu tne other by Jefferson. These
ietners came to organize the republic.
hamilton had little faith In the canacitv
OF men for self-government Jefferson Ind
ton fnnsb raith IN their capacity. Hamil-
fashioned largely after the British au-
tonomyi Jefferson fought for a reprasen-
auve democracy. Hamilton desired n
NNek WI IlZ. uOmIn0IInR nonfHuN
government; Jefferson desired Il central
government Of limited and delegated pow
ers, with all other powers reserved to the
states and the people. Jefferson and his
OF the United States was framed for the
most part along the lines of their CON-
tention: This provision has been incor-
porated In the constitution
Powers not delegated to the United
States by the constitution. nor nrn-
hibited by II to the states. are re-
to the people,
That Is the theory upon which o,r pov.
eminent was organized. And chat means
nat u one wishes to know what power
OF jurisdiction the federal government
possesses, ne u look to the constitu-
Ilon. All powers not expressly delegated
ny that instrument to the federal Cow
einmeni, or necessarily implied by grants
st fpsssiy q were reserved to the
5Lates, separately, and to the people
tnereo1. The great men who Organized
ne government feared the half-irrespon-
s d,s, ana over7reaching dominance Of a
wisely determined to grant to that anv.
rnmen only such powers as were az.
sential 70 II, and to retain all other pow
ers N inc hands Of the people. In gen
eral terms, the federal government was
organized to regulate and conduct those
pupnc aualrs which pertain jointly and
simultaneously to all the people Of all
=. 'N1ASo, Al WallcIS dueCJtnK our re-
%lations with foreign countries. affectinr
the relations between the different States
ana the people thereof. Affecting inter-
the navy OF the United Statesss and cons
cisely, in practically all matterSG6f pure-
" NATIONAL concern, the constitution COM
aers supreme power upon the federal gov
aIecting only the people Of a single state,
being for the most part matters in
M M the individual man is most often
supremacy and sovereignty of the state
was preserved. But from the day of the
organization Of the government to this
day there has been a constant struggle,
sometimes openly n sometimes covert
~, by those who believe In a more In
tense federalism. to curtail the reserved
powers OF the State and to augment ina
overs OF the general government. This
tenuency toward a more assertive feder-
alism and the consequent dImlnution OF
state authority, has, within the laat
half-dozen years. become holder, more
s aIncn and acute than at any. time
passed from tho stage OF action. III the
people are not Indifferent to the trend 81
events. and II they are to maintain the
herited them, 1t behooves Them 10 be-
alert and vigilant. II they permit power
10 slip from their hands to be exercised
IN distant places. II Will be hard to re-
cover. The prenchment OF Mr. Roosevelt
and his followers is for Capitalization,
ana IN the direction of Imperialism. This
u az the more perilous because Of the
fascinating. albeit to me inexplicable.
hold the man Roosevelt has upon the
imagination OF the people. His ablest.
most adroit and dangerous coadJutor ia
tnis propaganda OF Capitalization Isl
Elihu hoot, the Secretary OF State. In
ms movement | think the President fol-
lows the Secretary, rather than the re-
verse; nevertheless, the President exerfs
ne mighty influences Of his great office to
Pbromlote me dooccttrine both espouse. On
DecemDer ~, l9V6, at a notable dinner
given by the Pennsylvania Society al the
Waldorf-Astoria in New York. Mr.. Root
gave utterance to the sentiment / quote.
Among other things, he said
by the side OF this strong and
rowing loyalty to the nation, senti-
ment Tor the separate states has be-
come dim and faint In comparfson.
Our whole life has swung away
from the old state centers and IS
9rystallizlng about national centers.
and interest the old lines between the
states and the bid barriers which
kept the states as separate commune
ties are completely lost from sight.
Such changes In the life of the
people can not fall to produce corre-
spending political changes. Some OF
snese changes can be plainly seen now
instinct for self-government among
the people Of the United States Is too
strong to permit them to respect any
ones right to exercise a power which
he fails to exercise. The government
tai control which they deem Just and
necessary they will have. The
people will have the control they need
either from the states or from the
national government, and IL the
states fail to furnish It in due meas
ure, sooner or later constructions Of
the constitution tCtH be found to fr
the Pofoer where II toiH be exercised,
IN the national government
President Roosevelt gave expression to
similar sentiments at Harrisburg, when
ne declared, in substance. that such
power as the government of the United
states might need to promote its policies
u would nave by amending the constitu-
ton IL possible, and IL not possible. then
through executive action and judicial
construction. And so, under the leader