The Kennewick courier. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1905-1914, 1908-08-07

EUROPEAN VARIETIES.

crowned with several symmetric-
ally arranged spurs or arms. For
small bodied vines such as Zinfun-
del, Burgundy and Roesling, a
stem of 8 to IL inches high is usu-
ally sufficient. Heavier growing
varieties such as Muscat, Mission,
Grenche and Rose of Peru should
have stem from Is to Is inches
high and the most vigorous sorts,
Tokay and Emperor should be
made still higher. It is well to
stake rooted vines the first year es-
pecially if they are planted in rich
soil where they will make strong
growth. When the shoots COM
mence to appear they should be
thinned to one or two and these
tied loosely to the stake. If these
shoots grow vigorously they should
be nipped off at the height at which
it is desired to make the head.
This will cause growth of laterals
which will form the commence
ment of the head. If stakes are
not used or if cuttings are planted
the thinning of the shoots or nip
ping of the tips should not be prac-
ticed.
SECOND YEAR
| Sometime during December OF
the year of planting or in January,
February or March of the fol-
lowing year, the first winters prun-
ing takes place. Vines which have
made a small growth should be
thinned to one cane which is then
shortened to two buds and the
treatment recommended for strong
vines during the first year be adopt
ed. Vines which have made good
vigorous well-ripened canes should
be thinned to the most nearly ver-
tical of the good canes. This cane
should be shortened to the length
which it is desired to give the stem
of the vine. This cane in fact con-
stitutes the stem of the vine and
should be chosen and treated with
great care. If there is no cane
suitable in size or position the vine
must be cut back to two buds and
the starting of the stem deferred
until the next year. Vines which
are cut back to two buds at this
time require careful attention dur
ing the following growing season
If neglected they will send out
thick vigorous shoots fiat on the
ground which can never be raised
up to form a straight stem. The
, tying up Of the shoots of vines dur.
ing the summer and nipping back
, to form the head are essential.
THIRD YEAR
! In the winter following the sec
ond seasons growth every we'll
grown vine can be given from 2 t.
4 spurs. These spurs should con
sist of one or two buds according t,
their strength. Thin canes shoult
be shortened to the base bud; spur
from normal canes should have bu
,, one bud more while exceptiona
heavy canes should have 2 or 3 bud
besides that at the base. The spur
should be selected so as to max
the head as symmetrical as possibl
! and should be as nearly as possibl
at the same height from the ground
+ Vines started in this way vii
have healthy sound trunks, will b
easy to prune and cultivate and al
together more satisfactory and prof
|. liable than neglected and abused
cripples too often seen-a vine will
a Scared irregular trunk or severa
of them leaning out into the row O.
half reclining on the ground is NOR,
, costly to handle in every way ant
is subject injuries that deteriorate
. its value.-Prof. J. T. Bioletti. Elk,
pertinent Station, University O
California, Berkeley.
Geo. +. Richardson made a trip t.
>