davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1908-10-25

self 70 be used for paper. Vt had to be
mixed with fiber that was long enough to
bind it together. In later years the
ground wood process gave way to the
newer and better soda and sulphite pro-
cesses that are now used. Still even to-
day for reasons of economy there is
great deal of the ground wood used. mixed
with pulp obtained by the sulphite proc
ess. in the cheaper papers This is only
used in the case of newspapers and wrap
ping papers, as most other papers have
to be of a much better quality and
stronger.
Only the sulphite and the soda processes
are used at this government factory. so
when the laboratory is ready for a test
the material is barked-in regular factO-
ries this is done by machinery, but in this
government establishment by hand-and is
sawed. with the grain, into disks five
eighths of an inch thick. These disks are
then fed into a machine which reduces
them to chips of uniform size and thick
ness. A weighed quantity is then taken
to the digester to be what Is technically
termed cooked The rest of the sample
is examined for a determination of the
moisture contained
Cooking" the Pulp.
The chips to be cooked" are treated
with a mixture of liquid sulphur dioxide
and steam, which thoroughly destroys the
cementing material of the fibers and
leaves practically pure cellulose. The
cook lasts for varying lengths of time,
according to the nature of the substance
and the conditions under which the ex-
periment is made When the time limit
has expired and only the cellulose re-
mains it is blown through the pipe
which leads into the blow pit" This is
fitted with a perforated tile bottom
through which the waste liquor escapes.
After being thus drained. the remaining
stock is weighed. the moisture contents
of pulp determined. and the yield COM
Duted Then it is placed in a beating
machine. where all of the fibers that have
not as vet been sepa rated are beaten
into a LIQUID mass. Thence ii passes to
the big tank, where it is screened. All
of the eXtraneous matter is there strained
out and only the pure wood pulp re-
mains There is hardly any chance OF
ANYTHING else getting by. as the operation
consists of awning the fibers through two
brass plates fitted with Sits .012 of an
inch in thickness. The suction of a rubber
diaphram which vacillates under the
plates causes the fibers to be drawn be-
low.
Ninety-five per cent of the pulp usually
passes through these screens, and this
is pressed into paper of any required
thickness or quality. The remaining five
per cent is fit only for the making of
very coarse grade of wrapping paper.
With the cornstalks the operation is
similar, but before it can be cooked the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1908-10-25

the public schools were fulfilling their
obligation In the present and in the realm
is but one part of the duty entailed in
their responsibility.
Some School Ideals.
1.-The schools should first develop the
best that Is In boy or girl. should
awaken the noblest instincts of their ma
tura. the instinct of the fireside. the In
stinct of mutual aid That the occupa-
tons or pastimes of life should have a
motive is one OF the wonderful things
which we cannot dwell on too much. The
school which arouses interest In life. in
what life really means to poor as TO rich
is doing the finest work. and. according to
my philosophy. women. the natural teach
ers of the young are the best calculated to
arouse this needful interest. That Is the
principal reason which induced me to
force my way upon the school board In
my home village. That Is why / uphold
the principle involved in giving women a
vote In national affairs as we'll as In local
municipal ones. Their power for good is
unquestioned. and that there may be bad
woman voters is as old as the contention
that there are bad men who have the
right to cast the ballot. / believe In the
reawakening which comes from genuine
patriotism. the patriotism of women-not
TO hold Office and get an easy life berth.
which is the inducement which public
careers usually hold out for men-but to
make their country better: to raise the
standard Of manhood and .womanhood
and to get going the reform in schools
which produces the education which edu-
Gates. not the spurious article which goes
by the name of education
In Mrs Clarence Mackay. daughter-in-
law of the great pioneer, John w. Mac
kay, Americans proudly point for an an
swer to the oft-repeated old world criti-
cism. But your women are butterflies.
mere milliners' models and brainless crea-
lures whom the adulation of the drawing
room satisfies" Here is a woman, young.
admittedly beautiful. possessing wealth
untold. the highest social position which
birth and breeding can bestow. brains and
every essential for leadership, deliberately
turning her back on these things and
devoting her life to the cause Of pa
triotism. II is under this name that she
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1908-10-25
1t Ran Ahead.
HAMMERSTEIN was talk,

OSCAR HAMMERSTEIN was talking
~ in Philadelphia about the wonderful
success that he has had with opera.
And yet at first" he said, success
came very slowly-as slowly the trains
on that southern line-you know the one.
Ii doesn't advertise.
Il was waiting for the train In Nola
Chucky one morning. One hour two
hours, three hours passed. The train was
three hours late. | was indignant
After a while the ticket agent saun.
tered out of the office and lighted Q
cigarette.
Look here / said won't that train
be along soon?'
yawned.
All. yes he said. she'll soon be here
now. Here comes the conductors dog"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1908-10-25
Il MRS. CLARENCE MACKAY, WIFE OF A MI

classes her activity In political aHalTs' anu
especially in regard to the schools.
The Obligations of Wealth.
Mrs Mackay acknowledges the obilsa-
ton of vast wealth and exalted posltloh'
and, unlike her neighbors and associates
in Gotham, she is too busy with the real
issues of life to take a leading part IN
Vanity Fair. Once Mrs. Mackey hoIei
to accomplish her ends by writir. She
has two more than mediocre publications
to her credit. one a novel called the
"Stone of Destiny" and the other a
drama. Gabrielle" But this method was
slow. and she wanted to behold something
done in her own generation Writing, as
she saw 1t, might mean reform In the
ages to come. Since she began her active
work in the schools she has been too en-
crossed 70 spend the necessary time which
literary effort requires.
Mrs Mackay's first endeavor. and the
one which called attention to her person
ality. was the gift which restored the
library founded by William Cullen Bryant
to usefulness. TIL. pretty village Of Ros-
lyn. L. l., had neglected the gift Of the
gentle poet and debts had piled upon it
mountain high. Mrs Mackay paid the
money given or collected by herself. she
added generously to the collection Of vol
umes and established working staff
Since that time. every dollar expended has
been wisely expended. and her impress on
affairs in and around Hampstead Is para
mount even to that of active politicians
She was elected to the school board some
six years ago. after spirited campaign.
and she has been reelected every year
since. She gives a good part OF a working
day to considering the interests OF her
charge and she has. created the most en-
ergetic and enthusiastic board to be found
in New York state.
Her Children Attend Public School.
To show how earnestly Mrs. MacAsy
regards her mission to uplift the public
schools, she has sent her own little girls
to the Roslyn edifice ever since they at
tanned the necessary age. II we wish to
establish confidence In the public school
system" said Mrs. Mackay, 1T Is neces-
sary for the. rich as well as the poor to
patronize them. II we draw such caste
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1908-10-25

the type which wears we'll Her figure is
perfection, svelte and graceful. She has
dark eyes and hair and her complexion
of the envied olive kind would do credit
to belle of eighteen. Nor has Mrs.
Mackay neglected the art of gowning her
self we'll She has divided her day into
nfinitesimal parts in order TO accomplish
all that she has planned. but a good por-
ton goes to consulting with her maid and
modiste. She is one Of the women in pubic
life who recognizes the advantage of the
rich going among the poor well arrayed
She spends as much time in getting ready
for a visit to her beloved schools as she
would for the first opera night in Gotham
She thinks out what is rich and appro-
pirate Her little girls dressed in the
plainest sort of way. The most modest
householder in Roslyn may send his emil
dren to school as we'll gowned and this
also is part of Mrs Mackays propaganda.
Husband Shares Her Ideas.
Some speculation has progressed In
Gotham as to whether Mr.. Mackay alto
gether approves his wife's growing in
clination toward public life. But those
who know best aver that Mr.. MacRay
finds no fault with any part of his wifes
activity and that he really admires and
supports many of her radical measures.
In the broadest sense this brilliant young
philosopher may claim to be a grande
dame She is the direct descendant of
that lovely Kitty Duer. daughter of Lord
Stirling. who turned the heads and cap
tured the hearts of wings and tories dur
ing revolutionary days. She ill her
halls at Harbor Hill with grand old
family paintings by Gainsborough and
REYNOLDS and Sir Peter Lely. of Lords
and Ladies Stirling who have figured in
history Through her mother. who was
the daughter of William r. Travers. she
can claim kinshp with the gentlest and
most distinguished of Virginia aristoc-
racy Her marriage with the enormously
rich son of John w. Mackay did not alto
gether meet the approval of some of her
hlue-blooded kinsfolk. but the marriage
though it is said to have been founded on
ambition on both sides, has turned out
remarkably well. Through 1t Mr.. Mackay
became allied with the best which New
York. his selected home. could offer in
exalted station. and Mrs. Mackay secured
a devoted husband and the means to
carry out the mission which has been her
ideal since she was a small child.
Mrs. Mackay recently showed another
trait of her character. that of fearless
ness and absolute independence. Her
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1908-10-25
BY MARGARET B. DOWNING.

HEN Mrs. Clarence Mackay,
wife of one of Gotham's rich
est men. few weeks ago
publicly Joined the ranks OF
suffragists and celebrated the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1908-10-25
OF A MILLIONAIRE, WORKS FOR WOMANS SUFFRAGE

controversy with a Catholic parish priest
in Long Island. who criticised her benevo-
lence toward the public schools and vir-
tuallv demanded a contribution for Catho-
lie parochials. is we'll remembered. Mrs.
Mackay declined to give even a small do
nation. holding that all her interests and
all her energies We're bound up in the
public schools with which she was af-
tiliated. The storm of criticism to which
she was subjected moved her not one
inch from her position. Her friends came
cheerfully to her defense and showed how
generously both Mr.. and Mrs. Mackay
had aided all Catholic causes I'm New
York and Long Island. and that ii was
the manner of the request and not tho
request itself which had led to her re.
fusal in the particular case of the parish
school at Roslyn.
Copyright. 1905. by Margaret B. DownngD
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1908-10-25

with the full assurance that they will re-
ceive all and more than the so-called Sc
lect finishing schools -impart"
That Mrs. Mackay has developed such
a serious view of life in the environment
or 3th avenue and of Long Island Is per-
haps the most astonishing aspect of her
personality. For some years past she has
elected to keep Harbor HILL the magnif-
cent estate on Long Island. near Roslyn.
as her permanent home. and the grand
mansion in New York AS a place to take
an occasional dip in the social waters
Harbor Hill stands pre-eminent in that
region of glorious residences and estates.
and looms UP from the long reach of
Hampstead bay. as the most enhancing
part of the view. Its neghbors are colo
NAL mansions. French chateaus. Eliza
bethan residences and Swiss chalets. own
ed by Morgans Vanderbilts. Goulds.
Whitneys and others whose names are
synonyms of wealth. The whole region
seems destined to become the pleasure
ground of rich New Workers. Already 1t
Is a district devoted to magnificent domi-
Giles. vast park and garden areas. which
compare favorably with those ancient
homes Of lords and ladies built for pleas
and for state as Tennyson describes
the dukeries of England.
Opposition and Indifference.
quarters here. and this alone would mark
idleness. Yet Mrs. Macllay has drawn
the attention of her set to her activities
and she has divided her environment into
two camps-those who approve and those
who combat Even opposition is better
than Indifference" she said. in speaking
Of the hostile attitude of some of her
neighbors. "Of course, those who think
differently discuss their views and that
leads to enlightenment on both sides of
the question Many times woman sets
out very forciby against a proposition.
but when she has talked it over many
times she begins to get new light on her
prejudices and she changes very radically
All am aiming to do is to get rich and
poor to think on the problems which con-
front us all and for all to lend aid In
reaching the proper solution.
Few more entertaining personalities may
be studied than Mrs. Mackay. She Is a
rarely beautiful woman and her charms
are the pride Of her set. Her beautyis
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1908-10-25
Always Exciting

IfY VISITED +. R. Thomas and founo
him doing well after his motor acci-
dent" said a member of the Automobile
Club of America. Thomas, as usual,
rallied against our bad roads.
He said that a friend who lived in the
country had been in to see him.
1.-The country is all right In the sums
mer, Thomas admitted. but in the fall
and winter don't you find it dull?
.'Dull?' said the other. No. indeed.
Why, out our way some motor car ~
other gets stuck in the mud every night
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1908-10-25

WIFE of the Head of
w the Mackay Family and
Chief Heir of It's Millions Is
One of the Grand Danes of
American Life-Mrs. Mackay
Is Practical Philanthropist,
Who Devotes Her Wealth
and Her Talents to Upbuild-
ing the National Schools
Her Ideal School and Its
Obligations to the Present
Husband Admires and Sup
ports Many of Her Radical
Ideas.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1908-10-25

demand and the diminishing supply. there
has been an enormous increase in the
cost of the articles made from wood
pulp. During the past five years the
cost of paper has increased at the rate
OF from 35 to SO per cent per annum. The
price of imported pulp has increased over
40 per cent in a like period. for in all
other parts of the world 1t has become
yearly more difficult to obtain the neces-
sary amount of the few species of woods
which have been considered exclusively
necessary.
100000 Tons Last Year.
And the failure of this supply would
be more serious affair than is at first
realized. Nearly four million tons of pulp
were made last year. most of which was
used In the manufacture of paper for
magazines, books. and newspapers, But
there are a multitude of other uses to
which wood pulp Is put. From the pulp
factories 1t goes In crude form to
other establishments, where 1t ia made
into number of different articles. Among
these articles Is the water pail. made NJ
wood fiber, which is now a more familiar
slght than the one made of actual wood
In addition to pals, wood pulp Is used
IN homes in the form of basins, dishes
boxes and picture frames. Its use in
the manufacture of car wheels has long
been known, but new use reported from
Germany is for telegraph poles Articles
OF wood pulp have a considerable bearing
on electrical industries, as in the case
Of conduits and insulators in various
forms.
Americans now use wood pulp steam
and water pipes, shoe heels, horseshoes
spools, tool handles. buttons, pulleys. paw
ing blocks and collins Paper-or wood
pulp-surgeon splints have many adyan-
tages over those of other materials in
their lightness. strength and fiexibiity.
but Of all its uses. none Is probably so
unique as that for observatory domes
Here again its lightness, strength and
f1exibility commend 1t and in addition. it
has none of the disadvantages which
arise from the use of metallic substances
near to sensitiZed Instruments
It is probably used in the greatest guam
titles. however. in the newspapers through
out the country One big metropolitan
daily, paper with morning and evening
editions which are said to have an aggre-
gate daily circulation of nearly a million
copies. used 77,333.s75 paunds of white
paper last year. This is an average of
oil. 1913 pounds a day.
Since there Is now only comparatively
small acreage Of spruce, hemlock and
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1908-10-25

EXPERTS Prove That
II Paper Can Be Manufac-
tured From Cornstalks-Lit-
tie Building Where Govern
ment Has Been Conducting
Experiments That Will Revo-
lutionize the Paper Business
Looked Upon by Forestry
Officials as Solution of the
Question of the Conserva-
ton of the Forests-Dr. Bris-
tol and His Assistants Have
Been Experimenting for Two
Years-They Claim That the
Paper Made From White Fir
Pulp Is Superior to That
Made From Spruce-Farmers
Will Reap Great Financial
Benefit From Sale of Waste
Cornstalks.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1908-10-25

poplar remaining in the country. the fail
ure to produce substitute for these
woods. together with a continuation OF
this rate of consumption on the part Of
newspapers, would mean that within a
very few years the country would be COM
PEELED to obtain its supply of wood from
foreign countries.
There need be no such waste in the
waste there be, it need arouse no qualms
The supply is as unlimited as it is mex
pensive.
Conducting the Experiments.
There is no more interesting department
of the government service than the little
one-story brick building in which DR..
Bristol and his assistants have made these
discoveries which will revolutionze the
pulp industry. In an iron shed just out
side the building are stored the wood
samples used-for they are still expert
menting for better and cheaper results
with species that have heretofore been con-
sidered worthless. These samples. con-
sisting of about a thousand pounds Of
each species are being continually collect
ed by the forestry assistants in the field
and are shipped to the laboratory in
Washington for future use
Inside the building proper are the en-
gines. watts, digesters straners: in short
everything that is necessary to the equip,
ment of full-fledged paper mill, and be-
sides there are a great many things
which would be considered unnecessary In
large plant that they use there for the
furtherment of their experiments Just
at present the walls are lined with great
bundles of cornstalks which are daily be-
Ing made into pulp and paper
Years ago. when the industry was in its
infancy. pulp was made by mechanical
process. In this the wood after being cut
into suitable sizes and barked was held
against the revolving wheels of a grind
stone in a swift stream of water. This re-
duced the wood to the proper condition,
but 1t also destroyed the fiber to such an
extent that this pulp was worthless by it.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1908-10-25

SuHEdglStS ana CeleDrateQ the
event with great eclat. there were vari-
Gus comments in the world of women.
Those who favor the opaganda OF Susan
Is Anthony rejoiced at such worthy
convert Those who relegate suffrage to
the category of fads and nonsense averred
that they thought Mrs. Mackay had bet
ter sense But to examine the reasons
which underlie Mrs. Mackay's action, to
hear her side of the case. is to place the
question OF woman's participation In ma
tionai affairs in different light
1T is some years ago." said Mrs. Mac
kay. since / became convinced that the
apathy which people. myself among the
number. display toward the mysteries
of life was at the root of social. political
and economic evils Take the school ques-
ton, for instance. Hitherto we have ac-
cepted dumbly the dictum of our progeni-
tors that schools were intended TO teach
the three RS. For the poor classes their
primal duty was to develop respectable
clerks for employers or drudges for exact
ing masters or mistresses Now after
many months of meditation on the way
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1908-10-25

ISCOVERIES which are calcu-
lated to revolutionize the paper
making industry of the country
IL have recently been made by the
wood chemistry experts of the
United States forestry bureau.
These discoveries have been made in a
small unpretentious red brick building at
the southeastern end of Pennsylvania
Albuquerque morning journal. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1903-1926, 1908-11-01
CANVAS Shoes F0R W0MEM

$780, 3L75 and $500 kinds, to be Closed out IN
u6 HI3 heHHldhI sale 98C
Albuquerque morning journal. [volume] (Albuquerque, N.M.) 1903-1926, 1908-11-01

Pn5enOmGnaI values in short lengths of CoIored
ana BACK Dress Goods, CoIoTed and Black silks
Less Than Halt. az
New-York tribune., 1908-07-11
SWEET MARIE SPEEDY.
Beats Major Delmm and Wilkes
Heart IN Big TrOtting Race.

Readville, Mass, July 10.-Sweet Marie won the
free-for-all race at the New England Breeders
track for the trotting championship Of the world
to-day, capturing the first and third heats and
losing the second to Major Demar. Wilkes Heart
was a poor third, except in the second heat when
he took second place after hard struggle for the
lead. The best time, 2O612 was made in the first
heat by Sweet Marie.
In the first heat Major Delmar got away at top
speed, and led by a length the quarter pole but
Andrew drove Sweet Marie hard in the backstretch,
and, passing Mcdonald at the three-quarters, won
easily
Wilkes Heart had slight advantage in the sec
ond heat until the homestretch was reached, when
he weakened, allowing Major Delmar TO come on
and win. Sweet Marie made bad break soon after
the field got the word, and traed to the stretch.
She closed fast and almost beat Wilkes Heart for
second place The time for this heat 2:0S1, the
first half mile being covered in 1:O214
Major Demar and Wilkes Heart raced like a
team to the scven-eighths pole in the final heat.
with Sweet Marie trailing two lengths back. At
this point Wilkes Heart began TO weaken, while
Andrew brought Sweet Marie up. The latter raced
on terms with Major Delmar TO the long dis
tance, when Delmar suddenly made a break and
Sweet Marie logged to the wire easy victor, in
207h4.
New-York tribune., 1908-07-11
LARNED AND W2ENN BEATEN.

Harold H. Hackett and Edwin p Fisher won
what amounted to the sem-final match of the
round robin doubles tournament on the courts OF
the Country Club of Westchester yesterday They
defeated William A Larned and George L. Wrenn.
jr. three to one, by the score OF 6-4 % lo-o
e. As the tournament stands, the winners of
Yesterday will meet Beals C. Wright and Ray
mond D. Little for the trophies to-day Should
the latter pair lose, there will be tie established.
as Hackett and Fisher defeated in their first
competition of the tournament
Hackett was in rare form yesterday. He kept
M a rapid fire of place drives and shots for passes
from deep court, and often came up for sure
smash Fisher at his best at the net and the
two throughout worked together perfectly in the
rallies