The herald and news. [volume] (Newberry S.C.) 1903-1937, 1908-06-02

manufactured last year has Just been
issued by the bureau of the census.
Ihe advance statement is made from
the statistics collected by the census
bureau in cooperation with the
United States forest service.
Many of the figures bring out in
tcresting facts which show the rapid
growth OF the paper making and al
lied industries during the last decade.
| Nearly four million cords of wood, in
exact numbers 3,9G2,G0 cords, were
used in the United States in the man
"iaclurc OF paper pulp last year, Just
twice as much as was used in 1899.
the first year for which detailed fig
urrs were available. More than two
and "nc-half million tons of pulp
were produced. The pulp mills used
100000 more cords Of wood in 9O7
than IN the previous year.
The amount OF spruce used was GS
per cent. Of the total CONSUMPTION of
pulp wood. or 2,700.O00 cords. The
increased price Of spruce has turned
the attention of paper manufacturers
to number Of other woods, hcmlock
ranking next, with $4,000 cords or
IL per cent. of the total consumption
Nor" than per cent. was poplar,
and the remainder consisted Of rrIo-
'lv"ly small amounts af pine, cot
i"nw""d. halSam and other woods.
There waS Il marked increase last
year IN the importation Of spruce.
/ which has always been the mos, no
pulHr wood for pulp. For Il number
ct years pnl p manufacturers "f this
country have been heavily importing
spruce from Canada. since the avail
able supply of this wood in the north
central and New England states.
where most Of the pulp mills arc locat-
"d IS not equal to the demand. Fiw-
u,rS show that the amount of this
valuable pulp wood brought into this
country WAS more than two and one
nall times as great in 1907 as in
1899. In 1907 the impnrlatinnS were
larger than ever before. hcing -
per cent greater than in 1906. The
spruce imports last year amounted
[" more than onc-thrd of the con-
sumption Of spruce pulp wood Only
Il slightly greater amount Of dumcstir
Srrur" WAS used than in 1906.
l.nr"" quantities Of hcml"rk were
used by tn" Wisconsin pulr mills.
and the report shows that the Beaver
Stat" now ranks third in pulp pro-
duli"n. New York and Maine rank
'ng first and second, respectively.
Popular has been used for lone
time IN the manufacture Of hi"h
Grade paper, but the supply nf this
wood is limited and the CONSUMPTION
ct II has not increased rapidly.
Wood pulp is usually made bv
either one Of two general processes,
mechanical or chemical. In the me-
rhanlcal process the wood. af'nr be-
inc cut into suitable sizes an,' rkcd,
is held against revolving "rindStoncs
III Il stream of water and thus reduced
+" pulp. In the chemical process the
barkrd wood is reduced to chips and
cooked in large di"cStcrS with che
meals which destroy the ccmrntinr
mat"rial Of the IibrrS and leave prnc-
llrallN pure ccllulnSc. This is then
washed and screened IL render il
Sn'lahl" tor paper makiuy The che
mral> ordinarily used are either b
Sulphllr Of lime ur cnlslir soda. \
little over half Of the ,uh manu
IarIurcd last year waS made hv the
Sulrhli" pruc">S. aAI about urc-,hir,l
by the mrchaniral process. the re-
mamdrr hrm" produced by the soda
process. Much nr the mechanical nun.
"r ground wood as il is commonly
called. is used in the making white
paper but always mixed with some
Sulphitr fibre to Give the papcr
strength. \ cord Of wood ordinor-
lily yields about one tom Of mcchani-
cal pulp or about "nc-half ton of
chemical pulp.
rnT1A TTT1pc