The Morris County chronicle. [volume] (Morristown, N.J.) 1877-1915, 1908-02-11

briefly mention few characteristics,
ETC., of several kinds.
MACADAM ROADS
Were practically the invention of
James L. Macadam near Bristol, Eng,
in 1916. His system was to lay a
stratum of several inches thick of
small broken stones about two inches
ia diameter. While he deserves praise
as pioneer of road construction, his
ty and economy. We too often repeat
think that by spreading broken stone
we are making a road.
Thomas Telford began road building
about 1903 and constructed many miles
| in Scotland and the broad highway
duced foundation of large broken
close together with the interStices
filled with small stones. Upon this
Oun1ation he spread what is prac-
tically a macadam surface of fine
crushed stone. Further details are
what kinds of rock or stone are best
those surfaces are best laid and main
tanned.
Macadam roadways are suited only
for suburban and outlying districts.
When in the interior of a town they
become dusty, muddy and quickly
worn out. Macadam is the most ex-
pensive of all pavements o-keep in re-
pair, even under moderate conditions
of weather and traffic. The total cost
of a macadam pavement including first
cost and maintenance, is generally
greater than that OF permanent pave
mentS of other materials.
STONE BLOCK PAvEMENTs
Are made of various kinds OF stone.
Granite and certain granitoid and
syenite rocks make the best stone
block pavementS. They should be
laid on concrete or other solid fOunda-
ton. The joints between the ocks
are best filled with gravel and pitch.
Granite block is durable pavement
and suited to streets for slow driving
and where noise is not Objectionable.
Other stone block pavements Of doler-
lite, basalt, trap, sandstone, limestone,
boulder and cObbles are, with few
exceptions for local reasons, not to be
encouraged They are rough, noisy
and not desirable.
PAVING BRICKS
OF scoria, Stag, fire-clay and shale are
used with varying success. The best
are none too good. Avoid tire-clay
and seek shale paving bricks, where
brick pavementS are found to be de-
CT h1o TTco 10 rmo hlO0E ci1o ronroccac
and which will pass the following
standard laboratory tests before use:
No single brick should absorb more
than per cent. of water I; not lose by
standard abrasion test more than Is
per cent. of it's weight; have a cross
breaking modulus OF at least $500
pounds, by regular formula. Its spe-
citic gravity or density should be at
least 2.3 and hardness at least 60 per
cent. of that of diamond. 1t must re-
siSt crushing at minimum of 1900
pounds per square inch. There are
other tests not necessary to state here.
Such shale bricks, if laid on a 6
inch concrete foundation, with the
joints of the bricks filled with strong
Portland cement mortar or grout and
otherwise properly laid, will make
ROUQ pdV6MSuU lOI lu6ulutul UIdluC
where no objection to its noise will
arise and where fast, sure footed driv-
ing will not be required. Brick is
suited for certain streets of almost
every community.
ASPHALT PAVEMENTS
Are of two general groups: those Of
Europe made from ground natural
asphaltic limestone, heated and com
pressed in place and those of arti-
fetal asphaltic sandstone used in
American cities and made by mixing
sand with a little powdered stone and
asphaltic cementOr prepared bitumens,
then COMPRISING the mixture in place.
There are several sources Of supply OF
asphalt materials competing with each
other and when properly prepared
make good pavements. Asphalt pave
ments are sanitary and good on many