Bisbee daily review., 1908-11-11
PENNY POSTAGE BETWEEN
 UNITED STATES AND ENGLAND

shy Post. and after two years then enterprise was seized by the Duke of York. afterward James II on the ground thas 1t was an infringement of the postal monopoly. Dockwra had spent all of his private fortune and that of his family and was graciously permitted to hold for several years afterward a smallsalaried position in the postal service.
 As a result of the satisfactory work ing of the methods of Murray and Dockwra penny post was finally es abolished by the government, but as il failed to produce the revenues desired was changed to a twopenny post in 1901. In 170S Charley Povey set uE what he called halfpenny carriage and was tried and fined 8100 for his audacity.
 Then began the agitation for ocean penny postage. The thing had worked SO well in England that patriots oL both sides of the water began to urge it's adoption in this country, and they contended also that letters could be carried across the ocean for 1 penny with a profit to both governments. IL y vince the official heads of the two nations Of the truth of the assertion.
 To Elihu Burritt. the learned blacksmith" will ever be given the honor and distinction of being the first to bring the matter of ocean pen ny postage to the serious attention of the people of the United States Burritt was born in New Bratian. Conn. and in 1842, as editor of the Christian Advocate, first agitated the reform. In those days Burritt was fighting for the freedom of the slaves and for international peace and in order to promote these reforms he organized the League of Universal Brotherhood One of the clauses in the pledge of membership provided for the support of any movement flor the abolition of all restrictions upon in ternational correspondence and friend. ly intercourse" He believed that tAe adoption of universal penny postage would mark long step in the di- restion of universal peace, and pre- scented that argument in the first In ternational Peace Congress held in Brussels in 1s4S.
 The result of the agitation begun by Burritt was gradual reduction of postage rates in the United States until the two-cent rate was established October 1, 1883. Just a quarter of a century after that Burritt's dream was realized and ocean penny post age" was established. In anticipating the possibilities of universal penny postage MT. Melville's little volume says:
 None can deny after all that has been done in postal progress since 1S40, that universal penny postage is no wild dream. That it is coming by degrees, and that it will be at no great distance of tinre completed must be obvious, and we may look not un- easonahly to our great powers to pre- pare the way for our next postal union congress, at Madrid, to carry a resolution in favor of universal penny postage. And after universal penny postage what then2 The parcels post the half-penny universal post card, tht half-penny inland letter and in Great Britian the levelling of newspaper and magazine rates may be the next mat ters for the reforming Postmaster General. When missives of persona friendship and relationship and oi business intercourse are being sent broadcast throughout the world for a penny all the way" when business interests are worldwide and not loca we may see the realization of inter national peace and of all the highes and noblest ideals of Burritt's League of International Brotherhood"