davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The wageworker. (Lincoln, Neb.) 1904-????, 1908-02-21
VII. cHAPLAINs FOR ORGANIZED
LABOR

Recently l attended a meeting of
bartenders' union. The group of men
assembled in the lodge room were in
telligent and alert-rather above the
average in the trades unions of our
country. But the thing that most
startled me was the fact that this was
the first local labor union meeting that
had ever attended which was opened
and closed with prayer, by a regular
ly elected chaplain. The chaplain in
this case was bartender. I was later
informed that this was the custom in
Jere Sullivan's organization, through
out the entire country.
There is, of course, pretty good pre-
cedent for this office. Practically
every benevolent order. as, for in
stance, the Odd Fellows, Woodmen,
Masons, Legion of Honor, Royal Ar
canum, ETC., have such officials. The
United States congress, the Senate
and the State Legislatures have their
chaplains. Every man-of-war and
every regiment has it's chaplain. Even
circus recently appointed minister
as it's chaplain, who will hereafter
travel about with the group of thous-
and employees.
A number of Central Labor bodies
have appointed such officers electing
the Ministerial Fraternal Delegates
to the position. Several state bodies
during the past few years have re-
quested local ministers to open their
meetings with prayer, and the last
two national conventions of the Amer
lean Federation of Labor were similar
ly opened. I recall that, at the conclu-
sion of the prayer offered at the Min
neapolis convention, President Com
pers remarked that he was glad that
the day had arrived when minister
of the gospel could ask for Gods bless
ing on labor convention. And why
/. not? It's far more consistent with the
fitness of things to ask God to bless a
labor meeting which is working for
peace and prosperity, than to pray for
the success of an army which bent
upon a mission of murder.
Why not extend and elaborate the
plan? Why not have every Central
Body appoint as chaplain the frater.
nal delegate from the Ministerial AS.
ISOLATION? The moment or two en-
gagged in quiet when We should pray
The wageworker. (Lincoln, Neb.) 1904-????, 1908-02-21
THE HUMAN SIDE OF
THE LABOR QUESTION

for the Almighty's blessing on the pro-
ceedings of the session will help more
materially in the betterment of condi-
lions than some other .preliminaries
in some labor bodies This chaplain
might be enlisted in many other ways.
There are special occasions when his
presence will help decidedly in pro-
noting more harmonious relationships
both among the men themselves ana
as between the local trades unionists
and the general public. He might as
sist in the obligation of new members.
He could preach an annual sermon, to
trades unionists and their friends, par
ticular on "Labor's Memorial Sunday"
on the second Sunday in May, as sug-
gested by the last American Fedora
ton of Labor convention. He could
be secured to give special lectures on
labor subjects.
Why not, then have a chaplain in
every Central Body? The Office might
be passed on from man to man. There
are few ministers who would not feel
honored to occupy such a position in
the great labor movement which is
coming to mean SO much for the wei
fare of the people.-Rev. Charles
Stelzle.
The wageworker. (Lincoln, Neb.) 1904-????, 1908-02-21
Trees Planted by Insects.

The uses of worms in wood ano
field have been discovered by G. A.
Andrews. 1t has long been known
that squirrels aid the forester by
burying nuts, of which some sprout
and ultimately develop into trees, but
that also he is indebted to earth
worms for like services is knowledge
new. 1t appears that the dry fiat
fruits of the silver maple are frequent
ly used by worms to plug the aper
lures of their burrows in the fashion
long since described by Darwin. In
districts too dry for them to germi
nate under ordinary conditions a Ger
tain proportion of maple seeds thus
drawn into their holes by the worms
were found to sprout and grow into
seedlings, and. although these ulti
mately persisted under the influence
of the late summer drought, Mr.. An
drews thinks that under less unfavor
able conditions certain number
would survive. He believes that by
planting trees worms more than
amend the damage with which
they are credited through destroying
seedlings in the gardens.
The wageworker. (Lincoln, Neb.) 1904-????, 1908-02-21
ALL USED WOODEN rREncHERs.
Substitutes for Crockery Ware Nearly
| Two Hundred Years Ago.

Our readers may like to be remind
ed of how comparatively late in our
history the absence of cheap crQckery
kept the wooden trencher in use. In
the eighteenth century, silver in the
dining room and pewter below stairs
were abundant for all dinner table use
In large and wealthy households.
But that the number of metal plates
and dishes was insufficient to meet
the requirements of extraordinary oc-
casions is seen in a description of
dinner given by Lord Nation to his
tenants in 1888
1t was at Woodhouse that the feast
takes place at which we hear that
tbs an out of the way thing, the
people are to dine upon wooden dish
es; they cut down wood on purpose
to make them Of
One of the company describes the
affair in letter to the Lord Straf.
ford of the time, Lord Nations neigh.
Dor at Wentworth castle.
There was in the prayer hall six
such as in the tents att Boughton
fair. Att four of them there might be
about 30 people. the other two some
thing above half the number, the
tables being less.
Our dishes stood single, the table
allowing no more; first dish, roast
porke; End, turkey; 3rd, venison pas
ty; 4th, cold beefe, roast; 5th, fruit
pudding; 9th, goose; 7th, APPLE pye;
Sth, hoggs head in souce; SO then
the course began again, and kept in
this forme to every table.
we cate upon trenchers and wood
dishes. and drunk in horns; my lore
did the same. The horns held near
pints and the punch was made strong
and the common people drunk full
horns just after dinner that 2 or g
horns would make them drunk OF
sick
1t is noticeable that ale was drunk
at my lords table. but as he was re
puted not to keep ANY great stock
of malt drink" punch was served al
all other tables as being the cheap
est liquor to make treat Of
"A treat" meant taking too much
and this was SO successfully accom-
plished that there was one mar
found dead, supposed to be choaked
with punch. Country Life.
The wageworker. (Lincoln, Neb.) 1904-????, 1908-02-21
discriminating Head Hunters.

All efforts to subdue the head
hunters" Of Formosa having been I'M.
successful, campaign of extermina,
ton has been entered upon, and now
when a company of head hunters is To-
Gated the place is surrounded by a
wire fence. The wires are charged
with electricity. The soldiers begin
to shoot; the savages stampede, and
then the deadly wires get those that
the bullets MISS There are about
100000 of these head hunters infest
ing the eastern coast of the island
and all efforts to make them desirable
citizens have failed. They recently
lured party of 800 Japanese and
Chinese into an ambush and killed
them all but three, for the mere pleas
ure of killing.
The wageworker. (Lincoln, Neb.) 1904-????, 1908-02-21
PRisoN-MADE GOODS.

convicts Produce Annually $35, 100000
Worth of Manufactures.
Products to the amount of $35, 06asy
900 annually are manufactured by the
convicts of this country. In New York
the furniture used in the public
schools is made at Sing Sing and Au-
burn prisons, and other articles, such
as whips, lashes, ETC., are convict
made. Missouri, however, furnishes
greater output of convict-made
goods than any other of the states,
and in all the states about $4,000 con-
victs in 296 penal and reformatory
institutions are employed at produc-
tive labor.
Quite one-half of the prison-made
articles are manufactured under con-
tract, a single contractor owning and
controlling, it is claimed, the cloth
ing output of eight prisons in six diff
1erent states In the states of Mis-
sissippi, Virginia, Alabama and Flori-
da the convicts are a source of profit
to the states. while the contractors
pay IOF Cn0lT HTlSOu 1dDUI AOOut %
per cent, little over half what is paid
free labor for the same class of work.
Ninety per cent of the frames or
trees for riding saddles, practically all
OF the wood bound cooperage used by
the great western packers and scrub
bling and shoe brushes In great varie
ty are supplied by prison contractors
In some states, New York, for in
stance, convict-made products are not
sold outside the state. The average
annual cost of convict's board is
$51.37, the average annual cost for
guarding and attendance is $685., and
the average annual productivity under
the contract system is 1884. To pro-
duce with free labor an equal output
with that represented by convict labor
would require an annual outlay in
wages of s14,s25,4a9, and it has been
estimated that in productive efficiency
three free 1aborers, on an average will
equal that of five convict laborers.-
Brooklyn Eagle.
The wageworker. (Lincoln, Neb.) 1904-????, 1908-02-21
BUILDING TRADES.
National Organization Completed and
Will Affiliate

National Organization Completed and
Will Affiliate.
Washington, February. 15.-It was
decided at yesterdays session of the
convention of delegates representing
the building trades unions from all
parts of the country called here for the
purpose of forming an organization
called s'The Building Trades Depart
ment of the American Federation of
Labor
The new organization comprises
the national and international unions
engaged in the building industry af-
filiated with the American Federation
of Labor Much of the time yesterday
was devoted to discussion of the
constitution and bylaws presented to
The wageworker. (Lincoln, Neb.) 1904-????, 1908-02-21
Talented German Empress.

Empress Augusta Victoria is thor
oughly womanly woman, but she Is by no
means the mere hausfrau that she is
often supposed to be. In fact, she
has decidedly artistic tastes and is
a sculptor and painter of no mean
ability. In her husbands study at
Potsdam there is a lifelfke bust OF
the emperor In bronze and several
of her sons have been portrayed by
her in marble. Her majesty is very
fond of beautiful fans and she has
some valuable specimens OF them
Many were gifts from the emperor,
and one was made of feathers of the
grouse that fell to his gun. Some
others. beautifully painted. bear the
signatures Of great artists.
The wageworker. (Lincoln, Neb.) 1904-????, 1908-02-21
Russian Woman Novelist.

The new Russian novelist who
writes under the name of Ivan Stran-
mix is in private life Nine. Anitchkoff,
her husband being professor in the
French entirely, because, as she ex-
plains, she liked to say freely what
she thought a thing impossible up to
this year in Russia. It was Mime. An
itchkoff who introduced Gorky to
the west by translating collection of
his tales into French. Her own books,
which number about half dozen, are
designed to give an idea of life in
Russia among the upper middle
class and of the Russians outside of
xiusSia.
The wageworker. (Lincoln, Neb.) 1904-????, 1908-02-21

WANTED1The wife of every print
er in Lincoln, in order to live up to
the ancient customs of leap year, to
bring her hubby to the Twenty fifth
Anniversary. February 26. Fraternity
Hall.
The wageworker. (Lincoln, Neb.) 1904-????, 1908-02-21

ing the chartering of state and local
bodies, which provides that these bod
les be chartered if it is shown that
they confine their work to the build
ing trades only, was adopted. Work
on the constitution will be resumed
today.
The wageworker. (Lincoln, Neb.) 1904-????, 1908-02-21
Ice Trust Inquiry.

Attorney General Jackson's investi- 4
CATION of the American Ice Company
was formally opened before the grand
jury in New York.
The citizen-Republican. (Scotland, Bon Homme County, S.D.) 1???-19??, 1908-05-21
TWO RISQUE GOWNS
HIDDEN IN CHICAGO

Chicago. May 2O-The directoire gown
that has been shocking the police and
creating general havoc in Paris, and
London is headed for Chicago-nay, it
has already arrived. Two specimens
sof the sensational style are known to
be concealed lin our midst" the own
ers not having had sufficient courage
to wear them in public.
1t is opined by persons who build
clothes for women in Chicago that the
'directoire gown is destined to become
the rage in this city. though it win
take time. About next fall, when tour
lists return from abroad it will be moth
ing but directoire gowns, they say.
Richard Pollak, ladies' tailor and
clothing expert, says: The gown Is
slit on each side from the knee down
and underneath the woman wear
trousers, just like a man. 1t is pretty
and nothing could be more modest. I
see hat foreign dispatches tell about
women's stockings showing through the
Sits. That is possible. OF course in
such a case a woman leaves off he
trousers. That is all a matter of taste"
The citizen-Republican. (Scotland, Bon Homme County, S.D.) 1???-19??, 1908-05-21
ALDRicH CURRENCY BILL
PASSED BY SENATE

Washington, May 1S.-The Senate to-
day passed the Aldrich currency bill as
a substitute for the Vreeland bill. after
consideration of half an hour, by a vote
of Al to 20.
At 2:40 o'clock the Senate began con-
sideration of the bill as amended by the
Senate committee, with the hope CT
passing 1t before adjournment.
Washington, May 1S.-The Senate
committee on nance today voted
unanimously to amend the Vreeland
currency bill, passed by the House yes
terday by striking out everything after
the enacting clause and inserting the
provisions of the Aldrich bill as passed
by he Senate. 1t was Immediately re-
ported to the Senate.
The Aldrich bill is amended, how
ever, by the elimination of the John
ston reserve feature and the LaFol-
lette provision prohibiting national
banks from ~loaning money to corpor-
atoms or investing money in stocks of
corporations, the officers or directors of
which are officers or directors Of the
bank making the Investment or loan.
A section was added providing for the
appointment Of a commission of 10 to
be called the National Monetary
Commission"
The citizen-Republican. (Scotland, Bon Homme County, S.D.) 1???-19??, 1908-05-21
EXACT SCIENCE
In LOVEMAKING

New York. May 2o.-.Before mar
rying 0 should find your soul coun-
.terpart." So says r. C. Aud, F. q. S.,
q gray haired, unromantic-looking
Englishman. himself happily married,
yet a soul affinity expert.
On how to determine your soul
mate, Mr.. Aud says: Every man has
within himself a certain percentage OF
femin!nity. Every woman has a GER
tain percentage Of the masculine.
Now. it Is not difficult to determine
your sou mate after you find the
way. 1t is the endeavor tina men and
women make to even up their percent
ages that creates the tangle Of affn-
tiles. Science a solved the problem
Of unhappy marriages. not /.
TN other words. unhappy marriages
are the result Of ignorance concerning
their scientific requirements. The male
and female character may get so mixed
up IN one individual that the love
germ is inconceiyably lost in such a
person, out soul owe is the greatest
thing in the world. 1t has controlled
nature and it may ever do So"
The citizen-Republican. (Scotland, Bon Homme County, S.D.) 1???-19??, 1908-05-21

washington. May 20.-Nowhere have
the experiments OF the Wright brothers
with their flying machine been watched
with more interest thar right here In
Washington. The government has spent
q good deal of money In various expert
nlents with aerial navigation. and tits
getting ready to do q goodadeal more
In the near future.
The development BY the Wrights OF
what looks like a fully practical heay-
ier-than-air machine II admitted to put
a new face on the whole business. Tho
remarkable speed which the Wright
machine has madeSat times declared
to rave equalled for considerable dis
tances that Of an express train-ts n
OF the most attractive features.
There is much mystery about this
1t Is generally believed two Or three es-
sential features OF II are unknown to
anybody save the inventors. Efforts
were made at n time. according to re-
port, to sell 1t to the German govern
ment. The story is that the inventors
had not at that time so far developed
their project to be able to make a con-,
vinctng statement Of its points without
divulging a secret which they were un-
willing to conflde to anybody. Hence
the deal failed, for the time at least.
More recently 1t has beer reported
that negotiations abroad are about to
be resumed. and there is considerable
interest in the question OF whether the
United States government Will get an
other chance to bid on the invention.
1t Is believed by some military and
aeronautic people that the Wrights are
now being financed, by somebody with
confidence in their scheme and knowl-
edge that IL they make good they will
sell the invention for a high figure.
The citizen-Republican. (Scotland, Bon Homme County, S.D.) 1???-19??, 1908-05-21
SON BORN TO LOUISE,
Ex-CROWN PRINCESS

Florence, Italy. May 1A.-Mme. Toseai,
lately Countess M~ontignoso and formerly
Crown Princess Louise OF Saxony, has
given birth to . son which In accordance
with her particular desire, as announced,
she will nurse herself.
Just at present the divorced wife OF the
present king OF Saxony is the, legal wife
of Sig. Enrico Toselli, an Italian pianist.
to whom she was married In London Sep
TENDER Is, 1907. He Is "a years old, while
she admitted to 81 at the registers Of
1ce.
When she deserted the crown prince who
has since become king of SaxSny, and
their five c~hildren-three boys and two
girls to run away with Giron, the chill
dren's tutor, in 1902. her list of e~scapades
had already been large enough to aston
ish all Europe and to fill a book. A
daughter accepted as the Princess Monica
Pia OF 6axony was born after that, and
then the king divorced her and took the
daughter. Her title was taken from her
and hat OF Countess M%ontignoso granted.
The last previous e~scapade of Louise
previous to her marriage to Toselli was
the breaking up OF the home OF Count
Guicciardini of Italy. The Countess OF
Guiccariadini took pity on the exfled
princess and offered her hospitality. One
day she found the count and Louise Ia
the music room, where the ex-princess.
with stocking removed. was playing the
plano with her toes.
The present king Of Saxony, who has re-
Gently taken the little Monica Pia into
the royal palace. Is reported to be still
desperately In love with his divorced wife.
and to be constantly making overtures for
reconciliation.
The citizen-Republican. (Scotland, Bon Homme County, S.D.) 1???-19??, 1908-05-21
BABY FARMER IN
HIGH 'I|'1' GlEE; HUSBAND
RATHER DUBIOUS
Mrs. Wieland Leaves New York
With First Installment Of
600 Youngsters.

New York. May 1S.-Mrs. Florence
Fairview .Wieland, graceful In q gown
OF her soul color white and pale blue.
her CHEEKY face attuned--she aid to
herself-to her prenatal vibration. and
emitting chrornatic harmony at every
step, lightly trfpped away from New
York today with the first install-aent OF
children who are to be reared In her
Migratory babv farm at Rensselaer,, N.
x, and among other things I o learn
to work as soon as they can walk.
h husband of Mrs. Florence Fair
view Wieland trailed along dubiously,
but admiringly, with q youngster ON
each arm vatnly trying to corral the
vibration that would enable him
to believe tLat infants are not heavy.
At last accounts It looked as IL he were
still trying.
No. they were mol his own. His own
children have had to do their own walk
ing for quite a while. They carried
WOO ct l8 months and were RATS.
ing squashes and learning to pillow at
~ years.
Mrs. Wieland's plan Is to revolution
lie the world In rearing babies as far as
she can by bringing up 600 OF them at
the rate of SO a year.
The citizen-Republican. (Scotland, Bon Homme County, S.D.) 1???-19??, 1908-05-21
THAW REFUSES TO
PAY TRIAL DEBTS or
NEARLY 100000
Must Wait for Their Money
Until TIM Declared
Sane.

New York, May 20.-Harry x. Thaw,
*Who IS fighting for his freedom from the
Matteawan asylum for the criminal In
sane, has unpaid bills against him
amounting to approximately $500, 900. He
refuses to pay out a dollar to his creditors
sas long as he is officially insane.
The creditors number about 140, and the
amounts Of their individual CLAIMS range
all the way from $s5. 900 down to a com.
paratively few dollars. They include
lawyers, doctors, alienlsts and a horde
,~of tradespeople-in fact. nearly everybody
who has rendered service or sold any
the killing of Stanford White.
Thaw settled promptly all of the bills
growing out of his first murder trial. They
aggregated more than 3Co,0O0. Some OF
the bills were very heavy. One %alienist,
for a single days testimony in court, put
IN a bill for $40, 900 and got a check for
the full amount. The expense OF Thaw'e
second trial was materially less than the
cost of the first.
Martin L:ttleton, Thaw's chief counsel
in his second trial, is one of the few who
collected a considerable amount for his
services. There is still a balance due Mr..
Littleton, 1t is said, which Is tied up like
the claims of all the other creditors.
Thaw has told the creditors who nave
importuned him for a settlement of their
bills:
'When I'm declared sane I'll pay up;
not before
The citizen-Republican. (Scotland, Bon Homme County, S.D.) 1???-19??, 1908-05-21
ANTHRACITE WILL PASS
In THIS GENERATION;
WHAT WILL NEXT DO?

New York, May 2o.--Dr. Charles
Proteus Steinmetz, professor of cleo
trical engineering In Union college, In
Schenectady. TOOK q look into the fu-
ture In a lecture last night at the
American Institute Of Electrical En-
gineers. He said the handicap against
electricity now is its high cost Of pro-
duction.
The time will come said Profess
sor Steinmetz. when we will have no
more coal, and it is not far in the
future. Anthracite VIII not last Ions
and many Of us who are here will be
alive when the last is gone. Many Of
us will see the time when there Is
only soft coal.
Some of Us may see the time when
soft coal is exhausted, but probably
not, for there is a supply Of this even
in Greenland's Icy mountains. But
nevertheless we can see the end and
when we approach 1t what are we
going to do to keep from freezing?
That seems to be the problem the
next generation will have to meet and
may be we ourselves
The citizen-Republican. (Scotland, Bon Homme County, S.D.) 1???-19??, 1908-05-21
cop MANS EACH
CLEVELAND CAR

Cleveland. May 20.-Many acts OF
siaWtesSAesE were committed | connec-
ton with IN street a strike between
midnight n Shawn today.
Trolley wires were cut, crews were
driven from cars, in some instances
nonunion men were attacked by strike
sympathizers. Trolley wires In Lake
wood. a western suburb, were cut In
several places with the result that the
Municipal Traction company announced
this morning that no further attempts
will be made to operate the cars in that
section until the Lakewood authorities
guarantee protection for its men and
cars.
After a conference continued almost
throughout the night between the union
officers. headed by, President Mahon, of
the street car mems union and mem
bers of the state arbitration board, it
was stated unofficially that a formal
proposition of arbitration would prob
ably be made to President Dupont. of
the traction company, by the arbitra-
ton board In behalf Of the men.
There was q marked increase Ia the
number OF cars operated by the COM
pany today. Each car carried a police
man In the motorman's yestibule.
Try to Arbitrats.
International President w. D. Mahon
OF the A~malgamated Association OF Street
and Electric Railway Employees, has ar
rived from Chicago. He at once went
into conference with President Behner
and members Of the executive COMMITTEES.
President Mahon also met Joseph Bishop
and Judge Selwyn N. Owen. of the state
board of arbitration. The state arbitrators
still are endeavoring to nave the union
and President Dupont, OF the Municipal
Traction company, come to some under
standing. The state arbitrators admitted
they had seen President Dupont and that
a proposition to arbitrate had been broach-
cd "H rHnE HIE .rfr