davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Birmingham age-herald., 1907-10-27
What Is a Watt?

In the electrical world one hears and reads a great deal about watts" The current is measured by watts; the machinery is rated by watts; lamps burn by watts. To the ordinary lay man all this talk of watts" is as mys- tifying as the death of the late Akhood of Swat.
 The man to whom we owe the idea of the horsepower was a Scottish in- ventor, James Watt, and when the electric unit involving the idea of working capacity came to be form ulated the name of Watt was chosen to indicate this unit, just as that of Volta has given Us the term volt and Faraday the farad.
 Watt considered that taking the average, a London dray horse was capable of doing the work of lifting 33,000 pounds through one foot of dis tance in one minute of time, against gravity. The introduction of this time limit, one minute, gave the unit of power or the rate of performing work. This or it's equivalent has ever been called horsepower
 The electrical unit called the watt ID Sdpdbic ol DcluS IepTeSeuJe III terms of the horsepower, and In that form it is perhaps more intelligible to those who are familiar with mechani- cal rather than electrical expressions. The electrical watt is the product of volts multiplied by amperes, where the volt is the unit of electrical pressure and the ampere is the unit measuring the density or volume of an electrical current.
 Careful experiments have demon strated that TAG watts per second are equal to $50 foot-pounds per second, or to state the equation in it's usual form. I46 watts equal one horsepower. The form in which electrical power is gen erally sold is computed on the basis or kilowatt-hours. The prefix kilo comes from the Greek chilioi. one thousand. A kilowatt, also written k. w., is therefore 1000 watts. The kilowatt hour is the performance or work at such a rate that 1000 watts per second shall be delivered continu. ously for one hour.
 The kilowatt-hour has a speciaI in- terest for the man who has his office or house lighted by electric lamns he. cause the kilowatt-hour is the unit upon which the power and light com. pahles base their charges
The Birmingham age-herald., 1907-10-27
On the Job.
From Harper's Weekly.

From Harpers Weekly.
 Amusing epitaphs are common enough, but it is not often that a tombstone in- scription Is meant to carry business ad- vertisement. A West Virginia man tells of singular one which may be seen in cemetery of Wheeling. It was the idea of a widow of man named Per kins, a partner in a commercial house known as Perkins and Parker" Soon after the decease of her spouse, Mrs. Per kins married MT. Parker, her late hus- bands business associate.
 The inscription reads:
 Sacred to the memory of James Per kins. for thirty years senior partner of the firm of Perkins and Parker, now Parker and Company
The Birmingham age-herald., 1907-10-27
SENATOR JOHNSTON
 WILL YISIT MOBILE
SENATOR BANKHEAD MAY ALSO ARRIVE AND ASSIST IN THE IN- SECTION OF THE MOBILE CHANNEL.

Mobile, October 26.-(Special.)- United States Senator Joseph F. John ston will arrive in Mobile at 4:12 o'clock tomorrow afternoon via tho Louisville and Nashville railroad and will be the guest of the city through Tuesday night.
 While not positively stated, 1t is probable that United States Senator J. II. Bankhead will accompany Senator Johnston. The purpose of the visit Is to study the condition of the Mobile channel and tributary waterways.
 Information that Senator Johnston would come to Mobile tomorrow was of ficially received this afternoon and steps were immediately taken to insure his formal reception and entertainment Acting for the joint rivers and harbor committee of Mobile, Messrs. Gibboney, hartwell and Armbrecht, with Major Stone of Fit Morgan, will escort the senator to his hotel. No formal pro- gramme has been arranged for tomor- row, the day being left open for visits of friends. Monday morning, however, the official entertainment begins with the trip on the steamer Ivy, from the foot of Government street to Fort Nor gan, where the day will be spent. The senator will remain at the fort tomor- row night and return to this city Tuesday afternoon about 1 o'clock. A banquet will be given him at the Caw- thon hotel Tuesday night.
 Grand Exalted Ruler John K. Tener and four other grand officers of the Benevolent and Protective order of EAlSs will spend tomorrow afternoon in Mobile, and the local Elks have pro- vided royal entertainment for the visi- tors, ending with a big reception at the home tomorrow night. They will be given luncheon at the Cawthon, an automobile ride to the Fishing club on Dog river and up the bay to the Yacht club. where they will be met by a number of invited guests.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1907-10-27
Qualified.

From the Somerville Journal.
 Lawson-Scribbler is a genius, isn't he?
 Dawson--I guess so. His wife told me yesterday that he didn't know how to build the furnace fire.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1907-10-27
Kuble-Jollv Kuble At the Elite this week.

Victory for Anti Prohibition is in the air. Let the country beats vie with each other in helping sustain the schools of Birmingham.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1907-10-27
UncompIimentary.

From the Houston Post. You say you asked him if I wa: pretty?''
 And what did he say?" ''He said you were awfully nice.' ''The mean thing"
The Birmingham age-herald., 1907-10-27
Didn't Need 1t,

From the Chicago Tribune.
 Austere Person--I can't tip you, young man, unless you have change for a ten ner.
 Waiter (siezing him up)-Keep your dime, sir; haven't a nickel about me.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1907-10-27

Speaking of politics, P. c. Bowman talked CD for prohl- bition at the Hippodrome last night.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1907-10-27

Want to be right and vote with the winner? Vote against blind tigers!
The Birmingham age-herald., 1907-10-27
DON'T ASK FOR YOUR SIZE
 Ask To Be Fitted.
The Man Who Walks

will find untold comfort in our Shoes and in our way of Fitting. His feet won't grow tired-his Shoes won't lose their shape.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1907-10-27

Speaking of politics, P. G. Bowman talked CD for prohi- bition at the Hippodrome last night.
The San Francisco call., 1907-03-18
MR.. ROOSEVELT DENIES
He IS BOOMING taft
PoliticsNot Discussed When
Governor Deneen Was
at White House

WASHINGTON. March 17.--Secfetary
Loeb denied tonight published stato-
ments that the White House conference
in which Governor Charles Deneen and
Attorney General Stead of Illinois par
ticipated was for the purpose OF pro-
noting the candidacy of Secretary Taft
for tho Presidency. The story origi-
mated, 1t is said, from the fact that
Secretary Taft and his brother. Charles
P. Taft OF Cincinnati, called at the
executive Office while the President was
in conference with the Illinois officials
visitors. The only reference made to
politics during the conference was
when the President asked Governor
Deneen regarding the mayoralty fight
in Chicago.
B. F. Yoakum. president of the board
of directors of the Chicago, Rock Island
and Pacific Railroad. who conferred
with President Roosevelt last week on
the railroad situation. will visit the
White House again this week. Yoakum
has announced himself as unreservedly
in favor of close cooperation between
the railroads and the Federal Govern
ment and again will urge the Presi-
dent to issue a reassuring statement
outlining his attitude toward the rail-
roads.
President Charles S. Mellen of the
New York, New Haven and Hartford
-
Tuesday afternoon. and it is still the
belief in official circles that the three
other railroad presidents with whom
J. Pierpont Morgan requested the Pres
ident to discuss the railroad situation
will come to Washington this week
Mellen has made it plain to Cabinet
officer with whom he had communicated
that he will visit the White House as
an individual and viii not undertake to
The San Francisco call., 1907-03-18
POPE Plus LAUDS VIEWS
OF ARCHBISHOP IRELAND
Pontiff Also Praises the
United States Action
Toward Philippines

ROME. March 17.-Pope Plus today
received in private audience Right Rev.
Thomas oGorman. bishop of Sioux
Falls. S. D. During the conversation
lands discourse last December on
Church and State in France" was a
strong presentation of the Franco-vati-
can conflict.
Although know 1t caused some dis
pleasure" the Pope said. Archbishop
Ireland was correct as to the remote
causes of the conflict when he said that
the French clergy and leading Catholics
failed by not following the advice of
my illustrious predecessor"
Pope Plus generally praised the
American episcopate for its stand on
the questions between France and the
church. He spoke in the strongest way
concerning the expulsion from France
of Mgr. Montagnini. secretary of the
Papal Nunciature. adding:
"while under that grief my first con-
ISOLATION was a cablegram from Amer
lea. Guess from whom?"
After a pause the Pope himself an
swered the question, saying:
From Archbishop Ireland"
The Pope also spoke of the church in
the Philippine Islands. and compared
the attitude OF the United States there
with that of France. saying that the
action of the United States was the way
the Governments should settle religious
and political questions.
The San Francisco call., 1907-03-18
SEWERS EAR Of PRINCE
WITH HIS ARMY SABER
lSlav Captain Is Then Nor
tally Wounded by His
Mutilated Victim

ST PETERSBURG. March IA
shooting ARRAY took place tonight IN
the dining hall Of the Grand Hotel de
Europe, between Prince Nokaridze, a
marshal OF the nobility from Kutais,
and Captain KosiOn OF the East Siberia
lsharpshooters.
During a spirited argument concern
iing the autonomy OF the Caucasus,
Prince Nokaridze made q disparaging
remark about Russian military pres
ltige. Thereupon Captain KosIoR drew
his saber and cut OF the princes ear.
lReaching into his pocket the prince
drew a revolver and fired twice, the
bullets penetrating the neck and breast
of the captain.
A surgeon sewed on the princes sew
erred ear. Captain Koslof's wounds are
lcritical
The San Francisco call., 1907-03-18
STOCK ASSESSED
TO FILL POCKETS
OF FINANCIERS
Wholesale Plundering of
Owners of Northern
Pacific Shares
HILL : MORGAN COUP
Millions Collected From
Investors Divided as
Commissions"
FACTS ARE REVEALED
Bonaparte Gathers Details
of Reorganization"
Deal of 1896
srEoIAL pIspArcH ro rHE cALL

PHILADELPHIA, March II.
Reduced to the form of afhdavits
and of documents the authentic
ity OF which has been proved in
legal proceedings, revelations
concerning the wholesale plunder-
ing OF the rights of stockholders
in the Northern Pacific Railway
are about to be presented by At
ltorney General Bonaparte.
At the time OF the Hill-Morgan
reorganization Of the Northern
Pacific Railroad Brayton Ives, now a
prominent New York banker. was the
president OF the old company. In Feb
ruerv OF 1886 Ives as president Of the
Northern Pacific. appointed from his
board Of directors. a so-called pro
tective committee" claiming authority
10 proceed with the work Of reor-
ganization. Morgan & Co. were not
only reorganization managers, con-
tracing with themselves as syndicate
managers. but they were also syndi-
cate subscribers, and thus appeared
IN g three-foId capacity. being Joined
as syndicate subscribers with Ives
and other directors Of the old North
ern Pacific Company.
Millions OF dollars were collected in
assessments levied upon the stoclzhold-
ers and the old Northern Pacific Com
pany. which, IL was believed by the
public. We're TO be used 10 rehabilitate
the company. Instead OF being so ap-
spropriated they were gathered in and
divided among the syndicate as COM
missions and profits.
/ This is one Of the features OF the
sell OUT Of the old Northern Pacific
Company and is one OF the many amaz-
ing things connected with this remark
! able reorganization. for which COM
iplete investigation is being demanded
OF the authorities in Washington.
The San Francisco call., 1907-03-18

sPENAL DISPATCH TO THE CALL
WASHINGTON, March Iz.-As a re-
suit of the conference between Presi-
dent Roosevelt and Governor Deneen oi
Illinois yesterday IL was said that a
complete understanding between the
Federal administration and the State
Nmachine" of Illinois will be cstab-
Ifshed, which means a strong fight
should any effort be made TO nominate
for President a man opposed to the
Roosevelt policies.
The President openly is not urging
the nomination of any man for the
Presidency. but he is known to be ia
vorable to Taft, and whether or not
Taft is named the President is deter
mined to dictate the nomination of his
own successor.
The San Francisco call., 1907-03-18
DILLON GIVES PRAISE
TO B0THA AND DELAREY
Irish Leader Says Victory
of Beers Indicates
Erin's Policy

wOLvERHAMPTON, Eng, March II.
speaking at an Irish demonstration
noday, John Dillon asked the young
men TO give All praise and honor to
Generals Botha and Delarey. He said
the South African people had con-
ouered their conQuerors- Botha was
now a Minister of the crown (being
Premier and Minister OF Native Affairs
OF the Transvaal). and Irishmen might
see the time when John Redfn0nc
would be Premier Of ireland He said
he believed that in the victory OF the
Boers the Irish policy had been vindi-
Gated.
The San Francisco call., 1907-03-18
JEWS APPEAL TO KING

BUCHAREST. Roumania. March IT,
The peasants are continuing excesses
in several districts in Moldava. The
Jews OF that section are in great dis
tress and have appealed TO King
Charles and the Premier. imploring
their protection.
The San Francisco call., 1907-03-18
MAY RENEW RATE WAR
FOR ATLANTIC TRADE
Herr Ballin Predicts Strife Between
the Hamburg American and
Cunard Lines

LONDON March 17.-Herr Ballin. di-
rector general of the Hamburg Amer
lean line. who is here attending the
shipping conference, said today there
was every likelihood of a renewal of
the rate war for the North Atlantic
trade with the Cunard line. The next
fortnight. he said, probably would see
a decision one way or the other.
The San Francisco call., 1907-03-18
Possibilities for the
NOminatiOnin 1908

Republican
THEODORE ROOSEVELT,
OF Mem York.
CHARLES E. HUGHES,
Of Mem Ydk.
ELIHU ROOT,
Of Mem York.
GEORGE B. CORTELYOU,
OF Mem York.
WILLIAM H. TAFT,
OF Ohio.
JOSEPH B. FORAKER.
OF Ohio.
JOSEPH G. CANNON,
OF Illinois.
CHARLES w. FAIRBANKS,
OF Indiana.
ALBERT B. CUMMINS,
Of Iowd.
LESLIE M. SHAW,
Of Iona.
ROBERT M. LA TOILETTE,
Of Wisconsin.
w. M. CRANE,
OF Massachusetts.
PHILANDER c. KNOX,
OF Pennsylvania.
Democratic
WILLIAM ]. BRYAN,
Of Nebraska.
The San Francisco call., 1907-03-18

represent McCreas Newman and Hughitt
or the railroad corporations generally.
AS yet none of the three other presi-
dents has asked Mr.. Roosevelt TO re-
ceive him. though 1t is believed some
word may come from HughItt to-
morrow.
The San Francisco call., 1907-03-18
STEAMER SUEV|C GOES
ON ROCKS DURING A FOG
Passengers on Big Ocean
Liner Are Rescued by
the Lifesavers

LONDON, March 1.-THE White Star
line steamer Suevic struck on the
rocks and went ashore near the Lizard
in a thick fog at 1870 o'clock tonight.
Lifeboats have been launched and sent
to the assistance eof the vessel and are
removing the passengers. No lives
have been lost.
The Suevic went ashore on what is
known as Maenters rock, under a light
house.
On board the vessel are 400 passen-
gers and 160 members of the crew.
The San Francisco call., 1907-03-18
THE CALLS
BRANCH OFFICES
Subscriptions and Advertise
ments will be received in San
Francisco at following offices:

1851 FILLMORE STREET
Open until 10 o'clock every night
SIS VAN NESS AVENUE
Parents Stationery Store.
SIXTEENTH AND MARKET SITS.
Jackson's Branch.
533 HAIGHT STREET
Christians Branch.
1896 VALENCIA STREET
Rothschild's Branch.
1881 CHURCH STREET
George Prewitt's Branch.
32OO FILLMORE STREET
Woodward's Branch.
The San Francisco call., 1907-03-18
INDEX OF THE
SAN FRANCISCO CALLS
NEWS TODAY
TELEPHONE TEMPORARY So
MONDAY. MARCH IS. 1907
WEATHER CONDITIONS
NEWS TODAY

YESTERDAY-Light rain: maximum tenn
perature. 81: minimum temperature. 80.
FORECAST FOR ToDAY-Showers; brisk to
high soufherly winds. Page Z
The San Francisco call., 1907-03-18

The White Star line steamer Suevic.
which is commanded by Captain Selby,
is of 1900 tons and plies between Lon
don and Australia by way of Cape
Town.
The San Francisco call., 1907-03-18
Personalities of the Defense
and Prosecution Are to
Be Factors
VISITORS SHUT OUT
Gallagher, Wilson, Keane
Strive in Vain<to Reach
Captive CRATER

'SHe shall go to trial tomorrow with
out objection If the jury shos.Id be
impaneIed and then the United states
Supreme Court should grant the writ
of habe"s corpus We have applied for,
Ruef would surely go free OF al
charges on the ground of once In
jeopardy."-Statement of Henry Aeh
last night.
The San Francisco call., 1907-03-18
AGAINST "REAoTToNARIEsv

The conference between the Presi-
dent and Governor Deneen was an
event of great political Importance, and
is really one OF the first public steps
taken in the preliminary skirmishing
for 1908. 1t is the Presidents first
threatening feature toward the Wall
street President makers. the reaction
aries" to use the words OF his last
annual message.
Not in many years has there been
shown such deep interest in the pre-
liminaries to national political cam
paign as that now displayed in the
Presidential prize of 1908
The San Francisco call., 1907-03-18
RUEF's ASSOCIATES BARRED

The jurymen viii be questioned by
Assistant District Attorney Heney for
the people. with Hiram ". Johnson
standing by to watch the trend of the
answers. Henry -Ach and Samuel
Shortridge win interrogate the panel
on behalf of the defense. Great care
will be exercised by both sides in the
selection OF the men TO try the case.
and 1t is understood that the per-
sonalitfes of both the defense and prose-
cution will enter as important factors
in the questions to be put Men whose
careers have been tainted with Ruefsm
will be promptly excluded for cause
1t is expected that the state Suprems
Court viii render an opinion in the
matter Of the application OF the incar-
cerated Ruef to be transferred from his
pink bower in the St. Francis to a grim
cell at the County jail and removed
from the stern custody of Rlisor w. J.
Biggy into the hands Of the afabIe
Ruening. sheriff Thomas O'Neil There
are few prisoners who would not prefer
The San Francisco call., 1907-03-18
MANY NAMES MAY FsGURE

It is true that popular discussion
practically excludes all but two names
Bryan and Roosevelt. 1t is being ac-
cepted generally that Bryan has lived
down the opposition which rose
against him at white heat last Septem-
Der over his scheme to have State
and Government ownership OF railroads.
He is now the only candidate with any
strong following in the Democratic
party. In the opinion of shrewd lead
ers of the party to which he belongs,
the man from Nebraska will be nomi-
mated in the next Democratic conven-
tion.
In the meantime. believing the Presi-
dent was sincere in his determination
not to accept a third term nomination.
friends of many prominent men have
become active in pressing their. favor
ties, and there are actually twelve men
who have supporters who devotediy
hope TO see them nominated.
1t is easily conceivable that at least
a dozen men may be balloted for at
the beginning of the struggle in the
next national convention.
The San Francisco call., 1907-03-18
Is the Mysterious Beauty San Francisco Gl2 See Page

G. UPERISOR Abe f
- stopped By Special Srh
conference Mayor Scnnz has nth 2u
The San Francisco call., 1907-03-18

Close political afiliation with
Abe Ruef, the boss of the Repub-
lican and Labor Union parties of
this city, will be grounds for
challenge against any pros
pective juror summoned to sit in
Judgment in the extortion case
now pending before Judge Dunno
in the Superior Court. At 10
o'clock this morning the work Of
selecting the jury will begin
without delay, in the opinion of
the prosecution.
Probably by II o'clock the
jury box will be filed with pros
pective talesmen and the work of
examining them will be under
way. So widespread has been
the interest in the case that it
will be difficult to find twelve
men on the venire who do not
entertain opinions one way or
the other concerning the guilt or In
nocence of the accused boss. 1t Is
estimated that not more than one
juryman a day will be selected That
will mean two weeks and a half for
the impeachment of the jury. The pre-
sentation Of evidence will take two
weeks at least.
Four men are already in the jury
box awaiting examination on their
qualifications to serve. Eight more
names will be drawn. The four are:
]. R. Bradstreet. 2157 Hayes street.
weather strip maker.
Angelo r. Duperu. 2152 Pine street.
rear estate broker.
J. r. DumbreI. 1912 Broderick street.
merchant.
william r. Cohen. 1882 McAIlister
street. retired merchant.
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1907-03-22
Successful Sale of serkshires.

J. W. Hibbard attended the Willett
q Bartlett sale of Berkshires at Pontiac
on Wednesday. The sale was great
success, thirty head selling for an aver
age of $50 each, the highest price paid
being $500. Hibbard g. Brown, of Ben
nington, paid 5000 for choice animal.
Mr.. Hibbard had as guests at Mound
Spring farm yesterday, w. S. Corsa, of
Whitehall, ILL.,, one of the most successful
breeders in the country, L. E. Frost, of
Springfield, ILL.,, A, L. Hopkins, OF Bear
Lake, Mich, and D. P. Perry, of Mason.
He sold to Mr. Corsa Masterpiece SOW
for $3.50, ten fine fall gifts at long prices,
also one each to Messrs. Hopkins and
Perry. He also refused an offer of $500
for Masterpiece SOW No better en-.
dorsement could be given the herd of
Hibbard 81 Brown than to have breed
er with the reputation of Mr.. Corsa pur-
chase stock from it.
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1907-03-22
Union GosneI Meetings.

The Union gospsl meetings under the
direction of the pastors of the city and
the Y. M. G. A., were begun Saturday
evening by a short service at the corner
of Main and Washington streets, con-
tlnued Sunday afternoon by large
mems meeting at the First Baptist
church and in the evening by a service
attended by fully fifteen hundred
people, Rev. A. B. Leonard delivering
the sermon. The singing was led by
Guy Irving Waltz, of Boston, the ros-
trum being filed with chorus singers,
including some Of the best singers in
the city.
The Monday evening meeting at the
Baptist church was very well attended.
A half hour was devoted to singing, and
the sermon was preached by Rev. G. N.
Keene of the Discipley church, his sub
ject being, For ! am Not Ashamed Of
the Gospel of the Lord Jesus Christ
The meetings have continued through
the week with increasing attendance
and interest