davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1907-07-29
QUIET on iron RANGE
Governor Of Minnesota Finds No
Necessity for Troops.
CITIZENS CONDEMN STRIKE

Mass Meeting Held at EveIeth Adopts
Resolution to That Effect and A.
sures Protection to All Men Who
Desire to Resume Work.
st. Paul, July 2 Governor John
A. Johnson. tired but well satisfied
with the results of his trip, has re-
turned to St. Paul from the scene Of
the miners strike on the range. He is
still firm in his belief that as yet there
is no occasion Aor calling upon the
militia to maintain order In the strike
district and that there will not be.
Assurances from both the mine
owners and the leaders Of the strike
have put the governor in a most OPP
timistic frame of mind as regards the
peaceful settlement Of all trouble.
Teofila Petriella, for the miners,
promised that no effort would be made,
to modest those who wish to go back
to work. "We will use moral persua
ton only" said the strike leader. "We
will talk with the men at their homes
and try to get them to Join with us
but will not use force" r.
Governor Johnson's first stop after
leaving Hibbing was at Eveleth. Here
he was met by delegation Of 1,200
miners, headed by brass band,
marching through the streets. They
carried large United States flag, but
the red flag was nowhere in evidence,
The governor made short address at
the city hall, in which he emphasized
the necessity Of keeping order and
avoiding violence. At Virginia Gov
ernor Johnson also conferred with
large delegations of strikers and citi.
zens. In Virginia the situation has
been somewhat more intense than
elsewhere, unless it be at Eveleth.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1907-07-29
CITIZENS OPPOSE STRIKE
Condemn Western Federation Of Min
ers in Resolution.

ers in Resolution.
Duluth, July 2'.-That the an
nouncement that the backbone Of the
strike on the iron ranges was broken
was not premature is being proven by
the latest developments.
On Monday morning the whistles
will blow at the Fayal, Adams and
Spruce mines at Eveleth, two of the
largest properties on the ranges, and
the men who want to return to work
may do SO then. A rousing meeting Of
the citizens, called by Mayor Jess
more, was held and between 1,400 and
1900 people assembled. Resolutions
were passed condemning the Western
Federation of Miners and assuring
protection to all men who desired to
return to work. .-
That the strike leaders feel that
their influence in Eveleth is being
Weahoaea Is shown by the fact that
they are congregatine there. There
Is a strong sentiment In Eveleth- tl,at
that city is being made the dumping
ground for all of the strike agitators
and there is movement on foot to
drive them out of town. The chief Of
police stated that they would not be
allowed to make street speeches or
hold street meetings.. = "
At Chisholm 200 Austrians and Mon
tenegrins who have been idle all week
marched out to the Monroe Tenner
and Glen locations and went to work.
They were under a guard Of citizens,
headed by the chief Of police, =
At Hibbing all is quiet and matters
are progressing most satisfactorily.
At the Sellers stripping work there
are 267 men employed, which Is very
near a full crew. On all other strip
ping work larger crews are employed.
1t is admitted that the federation has
been gaining new members, but it is
a fact which cannot be denied that
many of the new members are going
in to secure the strike benefits. The
federation has purchased a. store at
Hibbing and Is running it for the ben
eft Of the strikers. -~
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1907-07-29
BODY OF B. F. MCDONALD
WAS BURIED AT lAP0RTE
Mr.M cDonaId Died Suddenly in Bemidji
.-.FuneraI Services Held Saturday
at Laporte.

Laporte, July 2S.-(Special to the
Pioneer. 1.-The body of B. F. Nc
Donald was buried here Saturday
afternoon, the funeral services being
attended by large crowd of rela-
tives and friends of the family.
B. F.McDonald was born at Senes
county; New York, Sept. FL, 1867,
At the age of 8 years, his father
and mother died, and he was thrown
upon the world without home. By
his own courage and indomitable
will, he supported himself and
gained good education. He went
to Wausau, Wis.,, and for number
of years was member of the Episco-
pal church at that place. June 4th,
1894, he was married to Elizabeth
McConkey, and soon after he and
his wife moved to Pine River, MINI.
After only three years of married
life, Mr.. McDonald's wife dice, leav-
ing him with two small children,
Helen, who lives at Laporte, and
Clarence, who is now in Washing
ton.
In 1899 Mr.. Mcdonald came to
Laporte and he has since made this
place his home. He was married
Nov. 6, 1902, to Olive Dennis.
Mr.. Mcdonald died suddenly at
the Remore hotel at Bemidji. last
Thursday, from heart failure. He
had been a patient sufferer with
the disease for a long time, but no
one supposed he was in a serious
condition. The angel of death came
suddenly and Unexpectedly.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1907-07-29
PRAISES PROF. RITCHIE'S
WORK At SUMMER SCHOOL
The Princeton Union Says Princeton
Was Fortunate in Securing the
. Professors Services. ~ .>~

Prof. A. P. Richie, superintend-
ent of the Bemidji city schools, has
returned from Princeton, where he
was conductor of the summer school
which has been held at Princeton
during the past four weeks.
Professor Richie states that there
was a large attendance at the school
and that much interest was mani
tested in the work. -
The Princeton Union says of Pro.
Ritchie's work at the summer school:
Princeton was most fortunate in
securing for it's summer schools three
of the most able instructors to be
found in the northwest,
Conductor A. P. Richie, super
intendent of the Bemidji city schools,
has proven himself an adept in the
art of preparing pupils for teaching
in the rural schools. Mr.. Richie
possesses the faculty. Of l~o;dly
demonstrating the intricacies of the
profession and of impressing them
indelibly upon the pupils mind.
The students gather inspiration from
his novel methods and achieve
highly beneficial results within a
remarkably short space of time. The
professor has made a good impress:
sion, not alone upon the pupils, but
upon their parents and the public
generally. Mr.. Ritchie's classes
we're in general lessons, arithmetic,
grammer, spelling and algebra.
Teachers who have taken the
four weeks training course and 60
forth to work next fall will do so
prepared to improve the schools over
which they preside"
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1907-07-29

and exposure Of their trip. They say
they climbed to the top OF one OF the
sleepers as the train was pulling out
OF Buffalo, not realizing the terrific
exposure and perilous nature Of the
trip.
a few miles out Of Buffalo, as the
speed OF the train increased and the
noise rose to roar, the men chung
desperately to one Of the little guard
rails for dear life and finally tainted.
A Lake Shore railway employee
found the men when the train pulled
into Cleveland. He dashed water in
their faces and finally poured restora.
tives down their Threats to bring them
back to consciousness, The men were
then arrested. The men said they
were broke and were trying to beat
their way to Chicago. Both were we'll
dressed III
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1907-07-29

eating S1,bo0,ooo, was In court with
her two daughters, Mrs. Minnie Har-
rison Mettler Of Chicago and Mrs. Ara.
bella Warner Bell of Clinton. She
listened attentively to Attorney Fuller.
who made the argument In behalf of
Commissioner Warner, who is seeking
to prevent his stepmother from break
Ing his fathers will.
Attorney Fuller painted Mrs. War.
ner as a cunning siren, the daughter
Of poor parents, who had drawn into
her meshes John Warner, the banker
All the evidence, Attorney Fuller
insisted, showed that Isabelle Robin.
son had planned hasty marriage and
that she did not allow her husband to
see her family for more than an hour
on the day Of her marriage, May %,
1874.
Mrs. Warner emphatically says her
father was white. She signed, she
says, a pre-nuptial agreement waving
her dover only after the aged banker
had deceived her about the value OF
his estate. u
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1907-07-29
SEWS FROM LAKE SIDE
AND GRAND FORKS BAY
People Living on Beautiful Lake Be.
midi Are Enjoying Their Outings
to the Utmost.

July 29. .:~,a
Steve Collins of Grand Forks came
out yesterday to enjoy an outing
with his family. "
Charles Nj. Cooley ofGrand Forks
was an over-Sunday visitor with
his family at the Bay. ~
O. ]. Barnes and Tom Griffith
were over-Sunday visitors at Lake
Side with their families. ~--..
Joe Zimmers of Grand Forks
arrived today to be guest at the
Norman cottage for few days.
Miss Joe Hall came from Maple
Lake yesterday to be the guest of
Miss Martha Williams at Lake
Side.
Master Theodore Holmes returned
yesterday to his Lake Side home
after pleasant week with friends in
Grand Forks. . ~
Paul Norman of Grand Forks
arrived yesterday and will stay the
remainder of the week with his
mother and sister at the bay. a
Roy Carter spent Sunday with his
family at Lake Side. He brought
with him r. B. Griffith, a prominent
dry goods merchant of Grand Forks.
Miss Selma Hassel of Grand
Forks, who has been a guest at the
Nesbit cottage for the past week,
returned home yesterday,a after very
pleasant outing.
The Misses Frances and Florence
Collins of Grand Forks and Miss
Hazel Edison of Larimore came
out yesterday to spend the week at
the Collins cottage.
Little Miss Ruth Clifford, who
has been the guest of Phoebe Gordan
at the Woodwork cottage at Grand
Forks Bay, left this morning for her
home in Minneapolis.
Miss Smith and Walker Vance,
who have been enjoying a two
weeks stay with J.. Walker Smith
and family at Grand Forks Bay, left
for their home today.
Miss Blanch Sorley, who has been
visiting in Grand Forks for the
past week, returned to her home at
Grand Forks Bay, bringing with her
as guests Miss Lydia Abrahamson,
Miss Jeanette Rex and Miss Beatrice
Bolton.
Philip Bangs of Grand Forks
came over from Maple Lake, where
he has been spending a few weeks,
to enjoy Lake .Bemidji. He will be
guest at the Woodruff cottage at
the Bay and the Williams cottage
at Lake Side. ~. ....
Among the passengers on the noon
train Saturday were Mr.. and Mrs.
Fred Nash, returning here after a
few days spent in Grand Forks.
They were accompanied by Mr.. and
Mrs. w. K. Nash and little son
Ralph, and Hattie Babbitt of Wash
ington, D. c., who will be their
guests for short time at Lake Side.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1907-07-29

ment showed the following teachers
in attendance:
Alice Huntosh, Florence H.
Noble, Ellen, Emberland, Mildred
Wood, Lucille Clark, Mildred Wood
ruff, Blanche Barrett, Bernadette
McClernan, Ida Cell, Selma A.
Anderson, Flossie Wright, Beth
Horton, Isabella S. Wallin, Nellie G.
Erickson, Celia M. Clark, G. G..
Buell., Katie a. Bunker, Alice Dicaire,
Edna M. Carlson, Olga M. Ander-
son, Ellen Halliday, Bemidji; Olga
Rosholt, Feeley; Myrtle M.Schwartz,
Jenkins; Edna M. Hedman, Guthrie;
Sadie S. Garrard, Jenkins; Minnie
A. Mead, Champlin; Anna M.
Brondby, Turtle River; Sinnie
Guthrie, Turtle River; Marie Rygg,
Celia Rygg, Spaulding; George B.
Hopper, Hines; Elsie E. Thayer,
Brainerd; Maud f. Murray, Kelliher;
Mamie E. Thayer, Brainerd; Laura
Nykrein, Ulen; Bess I. Rogers, Nary;
Clara J. Selness, Hendrum; Stella
Madison, Farley; Belle Avery, Shev-
lin; Marea K. Coolen, Effie; Alfredo
Lundgren, Myran; Rose E. Olson,
Hazel Waltz, Nymore; Agnes c..
Johnson, Kelliher.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1907-07-29
EDISON GETS INJUNCTION.
Medicine Company Used His Picture
in Advertisinu r..

Medicine Company Used His Picture
in Advertising.
New York, July 2 THAT mans
picture as we'll as his name is his own
and cannot be used without his con-
sent has been laid down as point in
equity law by Vice Chancellor Stevens
of Newark, N. J. The picture in dis
pute is that Of Thomas A. Edison, the
inventor. A firm making a neuralgia
cure was the defendant. Mr.. Edison
applied for an injunction restraining
the concern from using with its prod
uct a picture of him accompanied by
facsimile of recommendation of
an article purporting to have been
written by him. The vice chancellor
granted the injunction. Mr.. Edison
oOntended that he never authorized
the use Of his picture, never wrote or
authorized Recommendation and
objected to the use of both.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1907-07-29

get in and cause the musicians so
much annoyance. During the last
two Sunday evenings, while the band
was giving a concert in the stand,
the insects were SO numerous and
irritating that it was almost impos-
sible for the players to remain in the
stand.
The petition is just one, and
the cost of putting up the screen
would be but a small matter.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1907-07-29
Fund Raised for Prosecution.

Clinton, ILL.,, July The approach.
ing arrival in Clinton of Fred H. Ma
gill and his bride, Fay Graham Magill,
arrested in California charged with
murder, has aroused the citizens Of
the town to such an extent that within
six hours $4,000 was raised to aid In
the prosecution of the man and wo-
man who are accused Of causing the
death of Mrs. Pet Magill, Magill's first
u1jfn - -
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1907-07-29
QUEER PRANK OF LIGHTNING
Sets Fire to Factory, Then Turns on
Automatic Sprinkler, -

Augusta, Ca, July IA storm
which swept over Augusta did much
damage to property and incalculable
damage to the fruit and shade trees.
It also played some queer FRANKS.
One bolt of lightning which set fire to
the cotton in the cardrooms in the Au.
gusta cotton factory was followed by
another which turned on the auto
matte sprinkler system, quickly ex-
tinguishing the fire by flooding all
parts of the building. Large Quanti-
ties of manufactured goods were
ruined and the damage to machinery
VIII De very HedVy.| IeIepnOu6, JeIe-
graph, electric lighting and street car
companies suffered heavily and sewers
and drains were greatly damaged by
the food of water.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1907-07-29
CONFERENCE ADJOURNED
=. ..~- BEST MEET YET HELD
Continued from First Page

The farewell address of the Con-
ference was delivered by Rev. G. N.
Luccock, of Oak Park, Chicago.
The theme conferred around the fare
we'll address of Moses to the child
rem of Israel, Deut. 30:19. Blessings
unappropriated become witnesses
against US. God is not hard on a
man who has lack of chance. God
gives choice between life and death,
and since the wages of sin is death,
we deserve death. But He gives us
a choice and advises us to choose
life. AS our judge God must deal
with us and our sin vigorously and
enforce His laws; but as friend He
has paid for our sins by the blood of
His Son.
There's kindness in his justice,
which is more than liberty"
Lies journey is like walk down
the corridor of an art gallery. On
one side are beautiful life pictures,
and on the other side repugnant
death pictures. Everything that has
life is made beautiful, while the dead
things of this world are very
repulsive. But all men love to
remain on earth, even when they
love heaven. Why has God made
this instinct of life so strong? God
wants us to be in love with life and
he wants the idea of death to be
repulsive.
To reach heaven we must pass
through death. He sets before us
life in gracious experiences-regen-
Grafton; and death in repulsive
NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS..
There is no weakness in human
life, but that God can show an ex-
ample of how he has uplifted man
in similar circumstances; and what
he can do for one man he can do for
another.
He sets before us death in de.
generate man, for he was once an in,
nocent babe. The soul in the man
is the same as the soul in the babe.
Thus he shows us death by repulsive
experiences.
The time of this choice between
life and death is in youth; for this is
the time of pleasure and a youth is
more easily moved in any direction
than an older person.
The way to life is Jesus Christ.
You cannot choose sin without
choosing death, and by neglecting
Christ, even being Indifferent to Him,
you are choosing the way of death.
God is eager that men should
choose life. Behold, I set before
you life and death; Therefore choose
life."
Adjournment.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1907-07-29
ACCIDENTALLY KILLED.
President Of Oshkosh (Wis.) Normal
School Dead. ..-'..

. Oshkosh, Wis, July President
Richard H, Halsey of the Oshkosh nor.
NAL school was accidentally shot and
killed at Geogebic lake, Wis The de-
tails Of the accident have not been
received, but the announcement of
President Halsey's death has been a
great shock.
President Halsey became president
Of the Oshkosh normal school in 1899,
following the death Of President G. s.
Albee. Previous to becoming pres.
ident Of the normal school Mr.. Halsey
had been superintendent Of public in.
struction in Oshkosh and also in the
East. He was well known in educa:
tional circles throughout the country.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1907-07-29
ONLY ONE ESCAPES
Gasoline Launch Containing Ten
Men Is Overturned.
DISASTER AT TORONTO, ont,
Storm Strikes Little Boat While Near.
Ing the Shore of a Lake and All on
Board With One Exception Go to
the Bottom. e. d.,

Toronto, Ont, July z'.-During a
heavy thunder storm a gasoline launch
with ten men on board capsized on
Humber lake and only one succeeded
in reaching the nearby shore.
A police constable, who was patrol.
ling the shore, heard the voices Of
men singing on the lake, then loud
cries of distress and afterwards ST.
lence. Those drowned are: Joseph
Irvine, Jack Irvine. Walter Dundin,
Frank Kyle, Glen DAILY, Frank DAILY,
Dawson Nerherhagan, Gordon Leroc
and Bulge Miller, all of Toronto JUNG,
ton. George Shields, the only sur
vivor. says:
I'VE left Sunnyside for Hanlons
Point, opposite the city, at $3.50 and
were returning about 1890. When
about 300 yards from shore at Sunny.
side the storm struck the launch
broadside and upset 1t. J All were
thrown into the water Some chung
on, but they all seemed to disappear
at once. It was pitch dark and 1-saw
no more of any of them. struggled
to the shore and walked home as best
could
Three bodies have been washed
ashore and search is being made for
the others.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1907-07-29
Examinations Began Today.

The state teachers examinations
for Beltrami county were commenced
this forenoon, under the direction of
County Superintendent w. B. Stew
art.
Today was the first day of the
second grade studies, and the enroll
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1907-07-29
Russian Officer AssassInated,

q -Tifis, July 2'.-Colonel Dobrowol-
sky, commander of the Two Hundred
and First infantry, was shot and
killed by soldier Of his own regi-
ment, who is an ex-sailor Of the mu-
tinous battleship Tri Sviatilelia. The
assassin fired three times from rifle.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1907-07-29
Want Screen on Band Stand.

The members of the Bemidji band
have prepared a petition to the
city uncil.requesting that screen
be placed around the band stand
on the dock, in order that the mos
quitoes and other insects may not
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1907-07-29
Belfast Strike Partially Broken.

Belfast, July 2 Compromise has
resulted in q partial break of the
strike among the dock laborers of this
port that has been going on for a
month or more. A thousand men have
gone back to work unloading coal
steamers. Inasmuch as they can now
get fuel the factories that closed down
will be able to reopen In day or two.
The cart drivers are still out,
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1907-07-29
CENSUS MOT COMPLETED.
Cuban Elections Cannot Be Held Ur-
til Next Year.

HAVANA, July 2--The Cuban cleo
tions, it is now generally conceded.
cannot be held this year Secretary
Taft had hoped to hold municipal
elections in September or October, but
it is found that the census which must
be completed before the elections can
hardly be finished un fl late In the fall
The elections in consequence cannot
be held until January or February. e.
The situation so far as the elections
are concerned is disappointing to Gu.
bans generally.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1907-07-29
SICILIANS NOT APPRAISED,
Continue to Demonstrate in Favor OF
-.. . Alleged EmbezzIer,

continue to Demonstrate in Favor Of
-... Alleged EmbezzIer.
Rome, July 2 The concession by
which ex-Minister Of Public Instruc.
ton Nasi, who is charged with the en-
bezzlement of 100000 from the state
funds, is allowed to be imprisoned in
his own house has not appeased his
sympathizers in Sicily and the disor-
ders there continue. $500.
~ There were riots at Messina and at
Reggie di Calabria. At the former
place the mob cut off the public lights,
damaged property and stoned the car.
bineers. Thirty persons were wounded
At Reggie the rioters wrecked all
the windows in Cardinal Portonova's
palace. The mob Lnen tried to storm
the Liberal club, but they were driven
off by furious volley of chairs, ia:
bles, bottles and billiard balls.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1907-07-29
NOTED WARNER WILL CASE
Pension Commissioners Fighting Suit
Is. OF Stepmother.

Clinton, Ill. July Tainted
blood" which Pension Commissioner
Warner charged courses In the veins
OF his stepmother. Mrs, Isabelle Rob-
lnson Warner. was made the subject
Of final arguments In the noted War
ner will case before Circuit Judge
& Cochran.
The white haired widow, who 10
making fight to get q dover share.
q the wealth Of John Warner, aggre-
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1907-07-29
Exonerates Her Father,

Clinton, Ill.,, July 2 Margaret Ma.
gill, the seventeen-year-old daughter
If Fred H. Magill, reported missing in
California, is now hiding In Illinois
near Clinton. She gave out state
ment through her fathers lawyers de.
claring Magill and his bride, Fay &.
Graham Magill, did not murder her
mother, Mrs. Pet Candy Magtll. but
that the latter committed suicide
Three-Year-OId Kills Himself.
Minneapolis, July 2 John Hutyra.
a three-year-old boy, is dead as the
result of carelessness in leaving a
loaded shotgun where he could get at
It, The baby found the gun on table
at q neighbours home and pulled It
toward him by the muzzle It was
discharged and the full charge Of shot
entered his head, killing him instantly,
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1907-07-29
.Lordn harrington Resplted.

Jefferson City. Mo-, July Gov
ernor Folk has granted q respite Of
thirty days to ''Eord" Frederick Sey.
.mour harrington, under sentence to
be hanged at Clayton, Mo-, on July 26
for the murder OF James r. Mccain.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1907-07-29

HELP WANTED.

U. S. army, able
bodied, unmarried men between
ages of 10 and IS, citizens of the
United States, of good character
and temperate habits, who can
speak, read and write English,
For information apply to Recruit
Officer, Miles Block, Bemidji,
MINI. .~-. -
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1907-07-29

WANTED: For the U. S.. Marine
Corps, men between ages 81 and
81. An opportunity to see the
world. For full information apply
in person or by letter to Marine
Recruiting, 20S Third street, Be-
midi, MINI. s
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1907-07-29
Score Of People Injured.

Chattanooga, Tenn, July 2'.-Fire
broke out in the livery stable of Will
lis & Campbell, In the heart Of the
city. When the streets were crowded
800 horses in the burning stable were
stampeded, dashing through the crowd
A score or more persons were knocked
down and several seriously injured.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1907-07-29

FOR SALE-Rubber stamps, The
Pioneer will procure any kind of
rubber stamp for you an short
notice,