davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
, 1907-07-17
ELks' BIG DAY..
Parade With All Bands. Playing and
Musical Organizations Busy.

Philadelphia, Pa, July ia massed
band parade with all the bands play
ing the same music at the same time,
one of the three big features OF Elks'
week, took place today. Every mu-
steal organization participating in the
reunion, numbering more than forty
bands. with 1900 members, was in
line. After the parade most of the
visiting Elks and their ladies' went to
the various parks in and about the
city, where special entertainments had
been provided. At the grand lodge
meeting Dallas, Tex, was chosen as
the next meeting place.
, 1907-07-17
ACCEPTS THE CALL
TO CHEYENNE CHURCH.

Rev. Leon c. Hills. pastor of the
First Presbyterian church at Evans.
ton, and who is here as a member Of
the governors commission examining
the affairs Of the university, today
mailed to the officers Of the First
Presbyterian church at Cheyenne his
acceptance of the call to the passionate
Of that church, extended some time
ago. Mr.. Hills is one Of the brightest
and pleasantest young ministers in
the west, and the people OF Cheyenne
charge are to be highly congratulated.
The transfer from the Evanston
church will be made In q short time,
, 1907-07-17
YOUNG WARD RECEIVES
MESSAGE FROM SISTER.


Marshal Sigman this afternoon re.
ceived a telegram from Miss Alice
Ward of South Superior, Wis, asking
about her brother, Albert Ward, who
is at the county hospital suffering from
the burns received in the powder ex,
plosion at Buford a few days ago. The
young lady asked if her brother was
still alive. Rev. Woods Of the West
Side church, who has visited the young
man frequently, took the message to
him this afternoon and vas asked by
Mr.. Ward to telegraph the sister to
come to him at once. Young Ward
was believed this forenoon to be losing
some ground, but this afternoon YVES
able to take nourishment and is be-
lieved to be getting better. Lester
Lohr, his companion, is doing very
nicely. His brother has returned to
Hillsboro. ILL.,, but the mother remains
at his bedside.
, 1907-07-17
TRAIN DlTCHED.
North Coast Limited Leaves Track
and Engineer Killed.

Butte, Mont, July 1.-THE North
Coast Limited, west bound, the crack
flyer on the Northern Pacific. was
ditched three miles east Of Garrison
this morning. Two baggage cars, a
smoker and the day coach left the rails
as the locomotive overturned, and in
the cab, his hand upon the sand pipe
valve and brake lever, was found the
engineer, James Graham of Butte,
dead at his post.
, 1907-07-17
PHYSICIAN TO MOVE
To NEW

DR.. E. G.. Condit, who returned a
few days age from Baggs, Wyo., has
decided to locate in that city and is
today packing his household goods for
transfer to that place. Bags is in a
growing community, with a splendid
surrounding country, and DR.. Condit
will step into a good business from
the start. He is now having installed
a stock of drugs in addition to his prac-
tice as a physician and surgeon.
, 1907-07-17
stock at the Yards.

The following stock was unloaded at
tn eyards here today for feeding: ].
w. Lellpan, Market Lake, Idaho, to
Havensville, Kas., MI carload of
horses; D. e Bliss, Bliss Idaho, to
Chicago, one car Of sheep; K. Blu
chanan, Ontario, Ore, to Kansas City,
one car Of horses; Bowen & Kendall,
Opal, Wyo., to Minneapolis, MINI, one
car Of horses; Jagum Grando, Nam
pa, Idaho, to Chicago, six cars OF
sheep.
, 1907-07-17
UTAH INSTRUCTOR DROWNED.
Canoeing on the Minnesota River and
Boat Overturned.

st. Paul, Mimi, July Thames A.
Strane, instructor in the University of
Utah at Salt Lake. was accidentally
drowned In the Minnesota river near
Fort Smelling last night. He was
canoeing with a companion when the
canoe overturned. His companion was
saved by a fisherman.
, 1907-07-17
SPLENDID ADDRESS BY
A NOTED EDUCATOR.

DR.. David Eugene Smith of the
Teachers college, Columbia univer-
sity, New York, was here last night,
delivering an address to the students
of the summer school and to the gen.
eral public at the university audito-
rum in the evening. The audience
was not large, but those present were
amply repaid for going, DR.. Smith be-
ing both a fluent and interesting
speaker. He is on his way to the
Orient and was induced to stop over
here for these addresses. He was
the guest Of DR.. and Mrs. Tisdel at
their home at Eleventh and Custer
streets, leaving for the west this after.
noon
, 1907-07-17
RIVERS STILL RISING.
Missouri and kaw Doing Little Dam.
age in Present Flood.

Kansas City, Mo, July 1.-THE Mis-
souri, and Kaw rivers continue to rise
slowly, but aside from a few washouts
and the flooding of lowlands, no seri-
GUS damage has been reported.
, 1907-07-17
MADE NOTABLE RUN
IN EASTERN STATES.

MI. Work, one Of the party from
New York making a transcontinental
automobile trip, whose machine was
repaired here today, was the man who
drove an Odds car from New York to
Tampa, Fla, and then on a a ON
one of the beach courses. The ma
chinist arrived yesterday and today
the RED Cloud" car Is being gotten
ready to continue the run to San
Francisco.
, 1907-07-17
FIRE IN ARKANSAS.
Large Quantity of Cotton Destroyed
at Argenta.

Little Rock, Ark, July 1.-THE
plant of the Gulf Compress company
in Argenta, opposite Little Rock, and
2,400 bales Of cotton were destroyed
by fire today. Total loss, $235, 900, of
which $S5, 1000 was on the building.
, 1907-07-17

could be given the man here were Civ.
en- him and it is the intention of Dr..
Stevens, If the man car be moved, to
send him to Cheyenne this afternoon.
There were a number of witnesses to
the ARRAY.
, 1907-07-17
DEMURRER FILED IN

A. G. H. Bode this afternoon, by his
attorney. G. s. Downey, filed a de-
murrer to the petition of W. H. Holli-
day in the suit of Holiday against
Bode for the three-year term on the
school board, the demurrer being a
formal document protesting against
the terms of the petition.
, 1907-07-17
un.nimity Impossible.
Newspapers peeIded Aaain.t.

Liverpool. July 1.-THE attempt in
the fall of 1906 to organize a huge soap
combine in tho United Kingdom, which
quickly came to an end under the pres
sure of adverse public opinion, had a
sensational sequel in the assize court
today, when William Hesketh Lever.
the liberal member of parliament, Sc,
cured judgment for damages of $780,,
900 and costs against the Harmsworth
newspapers, the Mail and the News.
for libeis published by them during the
course of the controversy that followed
the attempt to bring about the com
bination.
Agreed to the Payment.
After a hearing lasting two days the
defendants today suddenly withdrew
their plea of Justification and agreed
to pay the amount demanded. Lever.
it is declared, took the leading part in
the efforts to establish the soap com
bine.
, 1907-07-17
BROUGHT TO JAIL
FROM PHElAN'S COURT,

c. W. Curtis, who formerly worked
on the Laramie plains, was brought to
the county Jail last night, from Justice
Phelan's court at Rock River, having
been convicted Of stealing liquor from
Charles Lewis of that place. He was
sentenced to pay $40 fine, SIS costs
and to serve three months in the coun'
ty jail
, 1907-07-17
HOSPITAL PATIENT

ON HIS WAY HOME.
Warren Stilson, the young man who
was operated upon a little while ago
at the county hospital, was able to
leave for his home at Mandel this
afternoon, having nearly recovered.
, 1907-07-17
TROUBLE AHEAD
FOR FISHERMEN
OPENING OF SEASON ON NEW.
FoUNDLAND COAST GIVEN
SOME CONCERN.
Modus vivendi Entered Into Last Year.
Which Gave Americans Right to
Fish UnmoIested, Expired With
Close of Last Fishing Season.
Question Of Submission.

Washington, July 1.-THE approach
OF the first of August. marking the be-
ginning of the new herring fish season
upon the coast of Newfoundland, is a
matter Of great concern to the state
department, for it finds the fisheries
controversy between America and
Great Britain in the most confused and
unsatisfactory shape.
Agreement Expires.
The modus vivendi entered into las,
year by the terms of which, and great
ly against the wishes of the Newfound
landers, the American fishermen were
permitted to ply their vocation unmo
Tested of the shores of that island, ex.
pired with the close Of the fishing sea.
son.
Difficult Of Solution.
Indications today are that it will be
difficult to reach any permanent set,
Element Of the trouble, and the whole
effort Of the negotiators is apparently
concentrated for the moment upon the
drafting of some form OF modus vi,
vendi to guard against the develop,
ment of friction that might have seri,
Gus results.
To Refer to Hague Tribunal.
The Observation-Disclosures have suggest.
cd q conference on tho uholo oub;aot
of the conflicting treaty and legislation
to the permanent Hague tribunal, and
our government is not averse to such
an arrangement, under limitations.
, 1907-07-17
Rollino Mill Man Hurt.

Fred Jerrick, a Greek laborer at the
rolling mills, was injured at the mills
yesterday afternoon, a bar Of iron
falling on his leg. He was treated by
DR.. McCollum.
, 1907-07-17
GARNIsHEE NOTICES

SENT OUT TODAY.
County Treasurer Maynard today
prepared the last Of the-garnishee no.
tees for delinquent personal and poll
taxes. and they will be sent out to.
night.
, 1907-07-17
DAY At
FRONTIER SHOW
COMMITTEE CHANGES DAY AT
CHEYENNE FROM SATURDAY
TO FRIDAY FOR REASONS.
Cheap Rate Announced and Laramie
Band Secured to Furnish Music on
the Occasion - Committee Com
PEELED to Give Union Pacific a
Guarantee for Special Train.
Special to The Republican.

Cheyenne, July 1.-THE Frontier
Day committee has fixed upon Friday,
July 26th, as Laramie day, and on that
date the special train will be run in.
stead Of on Saturday, as previously
announced. This change was made be-
cause the committee feels that it can
take better care of the Laramie people
on that day than at any other time.
Leaves Early In Day.
The train will leave Laramie at 8
a. m, and returning will leave Chey.
enne at 1890 p. m. Arrangements
have been made with the Laramie
band to go over on that day and it will
be among those to discourse sweet
strains for the delight Of the multi.
tude.
, 1907-07-17
AMERICAN PROPOSITION ADOPT.
ED BY CONFERENCE CON-
MiTTEE AT THE HAGUE
TRIBUNAL TODAY.
Twenty-one Delegates Favorable, EIev.
en- Against and one Absent-ereat
Britain, France, Russia, Japan,
Spain and Portugal in Opposition
Big Judgment Against Couple of
Large Newspapers at Liverpool.

The Hague, July 17.-The vote upon
the principle Of the American propo
sition regarding the in%violability OF
private property at sea was taken to
day by the committee OF conference
dealing with the Geneva convention
Twenty-one delegates voted favorably
eleven were against the measure ano
there was one absentee.
Triple Alliance Favorable.
Great Britain. France, Russia, Japan
Spain and Portugal were in opposition
while the triple alliance, although Ger
many made a reservation, was among
the majority.
unanimity impossible.
Belgium presented q compromise
proposal, but Joseph H. Choate of the
American delegation refused to accept
it, saying that inasmuch as the ma
jority admitted the principle of immu
nifty, he could not consent to the lin
itation of this idea, especially as Great
Britain and Russia had already de
clared that they would not accept it in
any form. This made unanimity i'm
possible.
, 1907-07-17
JUDGE WOOD MAKES ANNOUNCE
MENT AT OPENING OF COURT
IN THE HAYWOOD CASE
THIS MORNING.

Will Notify Counsel as to Main Points
on Which He Will Base Instruc-
tions-Expected State viii Close
Rebuttal This Afternoon-Sackett
Tells of Riot at Time of Explosion
at Smuesler-Union Mine in 1901.
, 1907-07-17
Makes Guarantee.

The Frontier committee has had to
guarantee the Union Pacific $175 in
order to secure the special train and
the low fare, so it is hoped that a large
crowd will go we and the committee
will be satisfied with nothing less than
a thousand.
, 1907-07-17
HOPES TO COMPLETE
BOOKS TOMORROW,

6OONS TOMOHHOW
Assistant State Examiner Wrinkle
man is today checking the books Of
County Treasurer Maynard. He will
return to the Hicks books tomorrow
and believes another day will finish
that task.
, 1907-07-17

Daily Republican, 50 cents a month.
, 1907-07-17

Daily Republican, so cents . month
, 1907-07-17

CONTINUED on page -
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1907-08-10
ROCKVILLE AND VICINITY.
General and Personal News of Mont
gomery County, Md.
ce OF The Star.


ROCKVILLE. Md. August 10, 1907.
Funeral services over the remains OF
Mrs Harriet E. Muncaster who died last
Wednesday morning. were held today at
the late residence of deceased. Rev Parke
P. Flournoy, pastor of the Presbyterian
Church at Bethesda and Rev. Thomas j..
Packard, rector OF Christ Episcopal Church.
Rockville. officiated. The pallbearers were
Messrs. John l.. Dawson. Joseph Reading.
Frank Higgins. william w. Welsh, John
G. England and Capt. James Anderson.
The interment was in Oak Hill cemetery.
A severe electrical storm visited this sec
ton this morning The lightning was vivid
and the thunder terrific. So far as is known.
no serious damage was done, although
growing corn and other crops were beaten
down.
1t is announced that Miss Annie Owens.
formerly of South Boston. Va. and DR..
Barrett P. Wilson of this place will be mar
ried in Lynchburg. Va. the latter part of
August The bride-to-be is a sister of Mrs.
NJ Donaldson knight of this vicinity and
the prospective bridegroom a son of Mr..
and Mrs. JOHN z. Wilson.
1t Is understood that the marriage of Miss
Helen Talbot. daughter of Mr.. H. Maui
rice Talbot, and Mr.. Barnard Welsh, son
of Mr.. and Mrs. Wallace Welsh, will occur
in Rockville early in September.
Mr.. and Mrs. George NJ Hunter of this
place and Miss Vivian Waters of German
town are at Atlantic City.
Montgomery county democrats express
themselves as well satisfied with the ticket
nominated at Thursdays state convention.
So far as this county is concerned 1t is
believed that Mr.. Joseph D. Baker would
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1907-08-10

biennial convention Of the Masonic Relief
Association. to be held at Masonic Temple
Louisville, Ky. on September II The COM
mfttee will be composed OF four members.
two of which are appointed by thu grand
master. the other two being elected by
the Masonic board of relief TIE e'ec-
ton of the latter will not take place until
the next meeting of the board. which will
be the first week in September.
Mr.. Mehn Is past master of Takona
Lodge, No. ~. a member OF Capital chapter.
No II; past commander Of Orient Com
mandery, No 3: mem Der of A. A. q. y. Nj.
s.. Almas Temple. and is now serving his
third term as repres antative on the Ma
sonic board OF relief. concluding five years
continuous service. Past Master Mehn has
also recently been appointed as representa-
tive to the grand jurisdiction of the state
of Louisiana. Mr. Mehn Is native of Lou s.
lana. having been born and spent NUM-
Der of years OF his early life in the city
OF New Orleans. He has teen an active
yorker in Masonry in this city for the past
fifteen years. and his recent appointments
VII doubtless be gratifying TO his large
circle of friends.
last Master Curtis Is a native of New
York. end has been resident of this
city since 1852. He made Mason
in Columbia Lodge. No. 3. in 1880: was act
ing master in his lodge in 1902 and mast 'r
in 1903. He was exalted in Capital Chapter.
Royal Arch Masons. in 1870. later demitting
and becoming affiliated with Mount Vernon
Chapter. No. 3. of which he Is still mem
on correspondence of the Grand Lodge. rep
resentativs in the. Masonic Hall AsSocla-
ton and member of the board of MANAGERS
of the chapter room. He Is now serving
his second term a member of the Ma
sonic board of relief.
Many of the f-aternal bodies of Wash
ington have called off for at least two
weeks of the very hot weather. and some
OF them for a month. but dog days have
no terrors for most of the Masonic lodges.
which keep right at the work no matter
what the temperature may be. Notapie
In this respect is New Jerusalem Lodge.
No. 8. F. A. A. NJ The lodge gave the
fellowcraft degree Thursday evening, with
Senior Deacon Warren ]. Comm In charge
Of the work In the current circular or
New Jerusalem Lodge Worshipful Master
William McNeir and Secretary Charles
Cyrus Coombs announce at least two more
communication August 20. and at
ter Mason degree will be given at special
communication on August 20 and at
stated meeting August % the felloWcraft
degree will again be rendered The lodge
Is looking forward to an interesting and
another record year of II. The current
officers of this fourishing body are as fol
lows: William McNeir, master: Edwin 3.
Clarksop, senior warden; John Il. Scho-
field junio- warden: Charles {. CoomDs
(master in 19OD. secretary: Robert V. God
man (master in 1S62-G3). treasurer; warren
J. Coffin senior deacon: w. lvanhoe
Jochum, junior deacon: George w Ken
nedy, senior steward: Charles c. Dough-
erty. Junior steward: Albert 8. Riddle.
tile-: Edward Matthews (master In lss9).
trustee: Rev William Lee Lynn, chaplain:
Andrew w. Kelly (master In 1879. master
of ceremonies; Raphael Rooster. organfst.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1907-08-10
HAPPENINGS AT HERNDoN.
Horse Killed by Lightning-other
News Notes.
Special Correspondence OF The Star.


HERNDON. Va. August 10 1907
Two children Of Albert Houghton yester-
day morning drove their father from their
home near Dranesville to Wiehle station on
the Bluemont branch OF the Southern rail-
way. to take the train to Washington city.
and on returning were overtaken by a Sc
we're storm when about a mile from their
home. Lightning struck the horse. which
was Instantly killed. but the children were
unin iured
DR.. Ernest L. Robey and wife. Harry
Bready and wife. Miss Sadie Kidwell and
Isaiah Bready are at the jamestown expo
stlon.
' Darlington and daughters who spent
days at Asbury Park. have returned
to their home at Herndon. where they ex-
pect to remain the rest of the summer
Miss Maria Virginia Ford Of Fairfax and
Mr.. Abner c. Richie of Washington city
were married at the home OF the brides
mother Mrs. Frank r. Ford. at Fairfax
Thursday evening, Rev. Father ODonoghuc.
of Washington officiating. Miss Teresa
Colburn of Baltimore played the wedding
march from 'Lohengrin' as the bridal
party entered the rooms. which were dec
Grated with palms and plants. Donaldson
and Dorothy Ford, the brides brother and
sister, were the ribbon bearers, and her
sister. Miss Julia Ford. the maid OF honor.
After a reception Mr.. and Mrs Richie left
for trip north. Upon their return they
will reside Burke.
b. A Mankin and Mrs. Mankin of Wash
ington and their daughter. Mrs. Mickey,
and Prof Mickey of the University of
North Carolina are occupying their cottage
in Herndon.
Robert Schneider and family have taken
possession of their new home on Station
street.
The standing of the base ball clubs of the
Northern Virginia League is as follows:
W. L. Pctl W. L. Pet.
Herndon. 800. ) .625 iPurcellville. =. 3 .42s
Leesburg. go. ) .625lWaterford. I 200
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1907-08-10

have proven the strongest candidate that
could have been named but 1t is asserted
that Judge Crothers will get the party vote
here
Mrs Anna Eggleston and daughter. Miss
Anna Wood Eggleston Of Lexington. Mo.
are guests Of Mr.. and Mrs. II. Clinton All
mutt al this place.
ttr postmasjrrs Of Montgomery county
VIII meet in the opera house here next
Monday morning and organize county
league and select delegates to represent
the league at the state convention soon 10
be held II is understood that an effort
VIII he made to have every postmaster I'm
the county Join the organizations
The supervisors OF elections for Mont
gomery county have appointed the follow
lng to serve as dourkeeprrs at the Noyem-
Der election, the first named in each dis
trict being a democrat. the other repub-
lican:
Laytonsville Dissatisfaction d. Aunutt
and James II. Barber
observation-disclosures T. Miles and 4 Il
Thompson
Poolesviile-w. II. Hickman and william
w. Astlin.
Rockville-First precinct: John H. Hilton
and William Skillman. Second precinct
Nelson II. Robertson and Michael Conroy.
Colesville- Basil Soper and f. Is. r. Mar
gerum.
Darnestown-George E. Green and George
Baughman.
Bethesda Robert Wilson and William II.
Pyles.
Olney-First precinct: Edwin Shaw and
William Alden. Second precinct. Jonas
Benson and George W. Nicholson
Gaithersburg-Gideon II. Briggs and
James A. Waters.
Potomac-George r. Beall and Robert
w. StCne
Barnesville-Willam II. Bowman and 10.
seph Carter.
Damascus-J. Warren Watkins and Darius
F. Watkins.
Wheaton-First precinct: William Gray
and Seymour Smith. Second precinct: VIII
liam G.. Gray
Mrs. Lee Offutt was the hostess this week
at the meeting of the Morning Card Club
Her guests included Mrs William Dorsey.
Mrs Robert B. Peter. Mrs. r. y. Bayliss.
Mrs. Reverdy Stewart. Mrs. Lee 8. Dorsey
Mrs. Bessie Ofutt. Mrs Ohio II. w. Tai
bott Mrs. Annie Mcclure. Miss Louise
Edmonston and others. First and second
prizes were won by Miss Edmonston and
Mrs. Peter. respectively.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1907-08-10
Delegates to Negro Business League
Meeting.

The delegates to the National Negro
Business League representing the local
league will leave tonight for Topeka, Kan.
where the national convention will be held
for three days, beginning August IA. The
delegation will include John A. Landlord.
president of the Washington league: w. H.
Davis, official stenographer; Cyrus Field
Adams master OF transportation: r. w.
Thompson, special press agent; W. Calvin
Chase, Arthur 8. Gray, L. E. Jefferson.
Daniel Freeman, DR.. W. T. Vernon and
others.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1907-08-10
AUCTION SALES.
lines It. Coo st. 81. 20. VIZ. 50. mo-. $40.
Future DAYS.
THos. ]. OWEN & son. AUcTIoNEERs.

THOS. j. OWEN son. AUCT1ONEERS.
TRUSTEES SALE OF VALUABLE IMPROVED
REAL ESTATE, BEING THREE TWO-STORY
BRICK DWELLINGS CONTAINING ROOMS,
nos. 6lS. go AND 81 STREET SOUTH
EAST.
By virtue Of three separate deeds Of trust duly
recorded in liber No 22I5 foliOs 34S. 352 and 3J6
ct seq, OF the land records OF the District OF
Columbia and at the request Of the party secured
thereby the undersigned trustees VIII sell, at pub
lie auction. In front OF the premises. on THURS
DAY THE FIFTEENTH DAY OF AUGUST. A.
D. 1907 AT HALF PAST FOUR O'CLOCK Pm ,
the following described land and premises. situate
In the city of Washington, District of Columbia.
and designated as and being lots Is. 10 and II in
Eugene 4. Atchsons subdivision Of part Of orig
ina1 lot >. In square $751; said subdivision is
corded In the surveyors office Of the District Of
Columbia. In book %. page SO. together with the
improvements. consisting of three two-story. six
room brick dwellings.
Terms of sale: All cash. A deposit of 800 on
each lot Will lie required at time Of sale. All con-
veyancing, recording. ETC.. at cost Of purchaser.
Terms of sale to be complied with within fifteen
days from day of sale. otherwise the trustees re-
serve the light to resell the property at the risk
and east Of defauiting purchaser. after five days
advertisement of such resale in some newspaper
published In Washington, ID. c.
ROBERT E BRADLEY
GEORGE HENDERSON,
au3-d&ds. eSu Trustees.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1907-08-10
Dewey Prize Arrives.
Special Dispatch to The Star.

Special Dispatch 70 Inc StH
OTTAWA, Ontario. August 10-The
steamer Don Juan De Austria, one Of the
Spanish vessels captured by Commodore
Dewey in the Spanish-American war, yes
terday passed up the Welland canal
She is bound from the Portsmouth navy
yard for Detroit, where she will be sta
toned as q naval reserve ship. She Is in
command of Capt. Standish, with crew
of 175 men.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1907-08-10
East and West.

From the Indian Review.
We should seek to weld together the re-
igion. the ethics. the philosophy of the
hoary east with the science and literature
of the young and vigorous west, To give
to cur people all that is best in Euro
pean culture with all that is wlsest anc
nobest in Asiatic thought.