davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1907-05-02

sugar, and seven pounds of clean t.
BILE salt. When these are thoroughly
dissolved pour them over the meat,
which they will cover if the pork is
tightly packed in the barrel. Some
prefer to boil the pickle before using
it, skimming off the impurities from
the sugar and the salt as they rise to
the surface. When this is done the
brine should be thoroughly cooled be-
fore pouring over the meat Hams
and shoulders should remain in the
pickle little longer than the rest of
the meat, say, about two months or
more, according to the thickness of
the pieces.
Most farmers prefer to smoke their
meat and have special smoke-houses
built on the farms for this purpose.
Hickory or oak bark makes very
good smoke, although corn cobs will
do very well as a substitute. The
meat should be smoked until 1t Is a
good, rich brown, and then hung up
in dry, cool room. and in some way
protected from flies. The hams and
shoulders should be encased in can
vas sacks, as this meat is the most
valuable part of the hogs and is gen.
orally selected by flies on which to lay
their eggs. Where there is danger
from rats and mice as well as from in
sects, the meat should be hung from
a swinging shelf or from floor joists
on the ceiling above. The smoking
process must not be hurried. Ten
days of steady smoking in ordinary
cases will be sufficient, unless the
pieces of meat are exceptionally large
or thick.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1907-05-02

smoothing and grading. except heavy
tunpike jobs at first described, we use
a King drag made of 2xS plank 6 feet
long and 30 inches apart (e, C, Figs. 1
and %. Cross-pieces or beams are 4
feet long (B. b, Figs. l and %, pro-
jecting inches In front to take clev-
ices for draft chain and IL inches back
to take braces for back scraper (B, b.
Figs. l and p. Front scraper braces
extend back on beams ~ inches and
reach nearly to bottom of scraper, and
may be of iron or wood "a, ID, Fig. 1,
show wooden braces-iron ones not
shown) Iron plates mot shown In
FIG, p are used to protect the scrap
ers' cutting edges. A shallow box or
platform (E, Figs. l and % is nailed
onto beams for driver to stand In and
to carry such tools as are needed.
such as pick and bar. to loosen stones.
and shovel to fill large ruts. All
stones are also thrown into the box
and carried to 3 convenient place.
The object of having one end of
scrapers rounded of &C. @, Fig. % is
so that we can hitch to this end and
haul it more easily to and from the
work where We have TO go any dis
tance. Figs. l and explain the 9TH
er points"
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1907-05-02

cases to the influence of the bacteria
contained in the water used in wash
ing the butter.
In order to determine definitely the
amount of contamination produced in
various kinds of creamery water,
series of experiments was conducted
at Kansas experiment station at three
different times of the year so as
to embrace the average atmospheric
conditions, temperature, and environ
ment. 1t is well-established fact
that butter deteriorates much more
rapidly under ordinary conditions in
warm weather than in cold. When
made under sanitary conditions, how
ever, it has been known to keep just
as well in cold storage during July
and August as in January or February.
Deterioration in butter is caused by
the growth of undesirable bacteria,
enZymatic ferments, or by exposing
to warm temperatures. Bacteria are
introduced either in the cream before
churning, the wash water, an excess
of buttermilk, or wash water left in
dairy utensils. A study of the amount
of contamination from various forms
of bacteria, their habit, method of con-
tamination and their prevention and
destruction was investigated by the
Kansas station in the following man
ner:
A quantitative meteorological analy-
ot nf oil fpn In,
with the dairy utensils, churn and
butter was made under average con-
ditions. A churning OF butter was
washed with the creamery water at
the usual temperature. One sample
of the butter was kept in cold storage
and another in normal room tempera-
ture. Both samples were carefully
watched and scored whenever any
noticeable change occurred. Another
churning was made at the same time
and washed with the creamery water
coming from the same source, but
having been previously sterilized and
cooled. Samples of butter washed
with the sterile water were stored
under the same conditions and as
Cdfeluliy WdlCHtu db tHOSS OF the pre-
vious churning. Water was treated in
various ways in order to arrive at the
proper methods for the most effective
control of the germs II contained. The
quantitative analyses of bacteria were
obtained in the following way: One
tenth cubic centimeter of water was
drawn into sterilized graduated pi-
petite and transferred TO water blank
test-tube containing nine-tenths cubic
centimeter of sterilized water. After
shaking well. one tenth cubic cent?
meter of this was transferred in the
same way to a test-tube containing
sterilized agar medium. well-mixed,
and poured into petri dish. The So
luton then contained one one-hun-
dredth cubic centimeter of the orig
inal water. and the number of colon
les that developed in each dish was
therefore multiplied by 100 to obtain
the average number of bacteria per
cubic centimeter.
In the use of sterile water we have
noticed marked Improvement In the
keeping quality OF our butter and In
the 1avors which developed later, pro-
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1907-05-02
Composition of Wheat Bran

Notes are given on the composition.
digest!bility and fertilizing ingre-
dients of wheat bran as compared
with other concentrated feeding stuffs.
and two feeding experiments with
cows are reported in a Massachusetts
state report by j. B. Lindsey. The
roughage in the two rations com.
pared consisted of hay and silage and
the grain feed of cottonseed meal and
-four middlings. To this was added
either bran or silage with corn meal
or corn-and-cob meal In one of the
experiments the results were slightly
in favor of the bran ration, while In
the other the so-called silage ration
gave the best results.
The author concludes that for small
herds the quantity of purchased grain
may be reduced to three to four
pounds daily by substituting home
grown corn in place of wheat bran. II
is suggested that the grain mixture
may consist of one and one-half
pounds cotton-seed meal, two pounds
-four middlings and two and one-half
to three pounds corn meal or corn
and-cob meal. Malt sprouts may be
substituted for the wheat, oats or rye
middlings. Where the feeding cannot
be closely supervised and where it is
desired to feed more than five to seven
pounds of grain daily. it is considered
advisable that the grain mixtures
should consist of one-third to one-half
of wheat bran
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1907-05-02
MANURE sPREApER.
Development Of this Almost lndlspens-
able Machine.


When the manure spreader made It's
appearance about 30 years ago 1t was
made in the style of a cart with two
wheels, made to hitch to the rear of
wagon. This was crude construc-
ton, and suf1iced for the small east
ern farmer, but as the spreader came
into Bse more IL was found advisable
to put a set of trucks under the front
end of the machine and 81 make
complete wagon out of IL and to make
a movable bottom, and from the way
this style of machine was made | am
under the impression that it was not
intended that the front wheels should
bear much of the load as they were
set too far forward, throwing practical
ly all of the load on the rear wheels.
This construction was not followed out
In farm wagons. nor was this construc-
tion found satisfactory in manure
spreaders.
The machines were first made very
light, the 50-bushel machines weighing
about 1900 pounds, and they were
satisfactory in handling light barn
yard manure, but when the western
farmer took up the maure spreader
proposition he found that these light
machines were wanting. they were not
of sufficient strength, and the result
is that the weight of the machines has
been increased. At first thought this
might indicate that they would pull
harder, but every farmer knows that
heavy load will pull easier in a
heavy wagon than II will on a light
wagon, and the same holds good of the
manure spreader.
There is probably no machine made
that is put under greater strain than
spreader. as II has the hard Jumps OF
! maure to break to pieces before
! spreading them. The light machines
would soon give way, would get out OF
shape and cause friction and binding.
The result Is that the machines at the
present time are made heavier and
stronger than they were.
/ The first thing to take into consid-
GRAFTON in buying any machine. says
! Otto E. Henry, in the Indiana Farmer.
! Is the strength of construction and
| tuiS hoiuS boou III thc Dihhuic opi Cou-
er more than any other farm imple-
ment. There were many things that
the manufacturers In the early days
had to contend with which they could
not foresee. The wheels must be
heavy enough to carry the load. on q
wagon. The rear wheels Of the manure
spreader must be heavy enough to
carry the load and drive the machinp
cry, that is, the apron and cylinder.
1t Is estimated that one-third Of the
strength of the wheels Is used for the
traction and the other two-thirds for
carrying the load. The up-to-data
manufacturers OF manure spreaders
are now using much heavier wheels
than they were, and heavier parts all
the way through. The front axles are
set back under the load so that the
load is practically equally balanced.
thus bringing the horses close to the
load. The front and rear wheels track
so that when spreading over plowed
g.'ound or over meadows you make
two tracks instead of four as the orig
inal style of machines did.
There Is no question but that II Is
better to put few more dollars into
well-constructed manure spreader
or any other farm implement than to
buy the cheapest thing that can be
had.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1907-05-02
A Home-Made Current Wheel

water. The dip of the paddles should
not exceed one-tenth of the diameter
of the wheel. For best efficiency, the
wheel should revolve at half the rate
of the water-flow. and this must be ad-
justed by regulating the load; that is,
the size and angle of the buckets car
rying the water.
At the best, supposing a stream ve-
locity of five feet a second, the wheel
may develop about two-fifths of a
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1907-05-02
KING DRAG IMPROVED.
How an Ohioan Has Elaborated on TIE
Split Log Road-Making Machine.

The King split log drag is familiar
to all farmers and has been used In
all parts of the country to the great
Improvement of the country roads.
An Ohio mana. II. Herrick-thinks
he has constructed a machine along
the lines of the King drag which Is an
Improvement. The illustration OF this
device is from the Ohio Farmer. Mr..
Herrick says Of it: For all road
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1907-05-02

A very simple current wheel is
shown in the accompanying illustra-
tions. 1t would require to be IL or
IA feet in diameter in order to raise
the water high enough to deliver, and
at the same time dip into the stream
far enough to gain power from the
stream. The shaft may be made of
one and one-half inch gas pipe, with
-four two by eight-inch pieces bolted
around it for stiffness, and to give
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1907-05-02

horse power, and If it does this it will
deliver about one-third of a cubic foot
of water per second to a height of ten
feet.
A ditch Is inches wide at the top
IL inches wide at the bottom. and six
inches deep, at the grade given, will
carry this quantity of water.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1907-05-02

The Young Sow.-Because a young
SOW, improperly fed, becomes frantic
and eats her own pigs, it is no. sign
that she will do 1t again, but it win
pay to watch her pretty carefully just
the same.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1907-05-02

Plan the Buildings Now.-Going tc
build new house or barn next spring?
Good time now to plan the buildings.
Take your wife into consultation. She
can give you good many excellent
points.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1907-05-02

Good for Poultry.-All chaff, seeds
and pieces of hay, clover. etc, which
accumulate in the barn should be
raked together and taken to the poul-
try house. The fowls will scratch It
over and obtain considerable food
from II.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1907-05-02

Be sure that the calves are COM
Portable and steadily growing every
day; there is no profit in runts.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1907-05-02

Now's the Time.-Now mate up the
breeding pens and prepare for the
Matching season.
The Brattleboro reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1907-1912, 1907-04-26
CLAIMS NO DISCRIMINATION.
p M. Bradley Says Books of Thompson
Fund Will Show This.

T. statement which appeared ~
sor 90 Boston papers Monday Richards e 1e .
NJ. Bradley, one of the tru''eo' "
Thompson fund, says: h,uo dis.
1 n e.Tbe statement that we nave ai ho
minated against the glrls " W. 'l 10
cll nnan factory of Brattleboro, w 10
4 eo1sn Onr books and records VIII sho"
t li thn satisfaction of any court.
'nt HT6e other side to this story mas nal
,,o+ been told. Outside of the Pers Sbinb
S S,,;mms behind all the trouble w Was
an hnen caused for the last TWO yea,S
naS ,a u think that there are nlano =
or , 5U1I Of worthy and deserving Ing
working women in BraIt Isoir supnort
WON been induced to lend their suPP and
nc nav tb;s action against the trustees Trnst
10 .n,s of the Thompson IN tha
mana bv Misrepresentation on 'H
Hospital aa ~ interested parties. .n
part o. bo1J that it was the intentlo of
g Tbomas Thompson, Original o uUn
~ oho fnnd, not to create ana PEI he de.
the stem item of pauperage among .I I;ving
SYST" Iroman who earned their lltlns
serving needle in the town of brat ond
by the !, ~ on the other hand, to ald ANY an"
oolo, them in a practical m l1' became
asslS' sickness or injury, theg living.
t !rous citated for earning tne 1ho nun.
lne eapa,r reason for limiting t1e ,hnnid
ou[ r,amen to whom the fund shou re
b be- held to apply-and IL
The Brattleboro reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1907-1912, 1907-04-26
FREIGHT YARD is
CROWDED WITH CARS
Tracks So Full That Passenger Trains
Are Delayed OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES
Resigns as Agent and Is Sue
ceeded by st. Adams Man.

Although the freight congestion.
which has existed all over the country
has shown improvement in the past few
mon+hs conditions in the Brattleboro
freight ward were never worse than
tbev are at present. Every siding is
loaded to it's capacity with cars and
the overflow fills the main lines to sIch
an extent that it is next to Impossible
TO get a passenger train through mere
without delay During the past week
4 has been a common occurrence Ior
+brouoh trains to be held up While the
main line is cleared of freight cars, ana
the West River line is so continuously
nsed as a siding that passenger trains
over that division never pull into the
local station according to schedule.
The afternoon train over this division
Tuesday was held up near the west
r;uer bridge on account Of full track
and the passengers who wanted TO Iahe
the 1923 for the south were opllged 70
walk nearly mile in order to MAKE tne
connection. The 2.23 from the north
IN the same afternoon was oohged 10
volt while a freight on the main line
was sbunted up the West river track
and then was obliged itself to go onto
tbe lower end of the same track TO
allow a north bound Boston u Name
freight to pass. These are far exam
nles of the way things have been 60
mo for a week or more and up TO inc
,ns time affairs seem to be grow
mo worse instead of better. At the
close S of business Wednesday afternoon ,oo
the the local yard contained about 4pO
fre;obt cars. In ordinary times tae
ard is considered well filled when loV
cars are on the sidings. of TINS totai
o ohont 1870 were cars of through freight
nth nth and south bound. There We're
n nH 173 bulk cars filed with merchan,
disc for local shippers and 4! mixed e
oars containing Brattleboro freight. =.
calS & company alone had nearly
co cars of freight on the tracks yester-
az 9ov mo morning with many more due here;
Edward ]. Lavelle, who succeeded
Tonnes n Burke as station agent March
! tel telegraphed his resignation to Cen
t !, Vermont headquarters Sunday.
The Brattleboro reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1907-1912, 1907-04-26

were sustained by the court-was be-
cause women and girls from all sections
of the state and outside were arriving
in Brattleboro seeking work in the
shops, and all convinced that the
Thompson fund would be applicable to
all contingencies.
"The fund is a large one, but no
amount of money could long withstand
all the demands which would event
uaIly be made upon it if no reasonable
limit were fixed There are, and have
been, plenty of selfrespecting, intelli-
gent and worthy women in Brattleboro
who have directly benefited by the
Thompson fund, and who are not nat
urallv anxious to have the fact pub
lished. And we are not anxious to do
so.
"Mrs. Wells has suffered greatly dur,
ing the past few years on account or
the systematic crusade which has ap-
parently been set on foot against her
bv parties with personal end to serve;
She, together with the trustees, Will
welcome any investigation
The Brattleboro reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1907-1912, 1907-04-26

Marble lodge of Rutland, LAG; Yer
mont lodge of Burlington, l35; La
noble lodge of Morrisville, 1926; Ever.
green lodge of Hardwick, III; and
Brattleboro lodge of Brattleboro, 10.
There were 10 deaths during the year
for which insurance of $26,0OO was
paid. There were previously reported
lac deaths and 100000 of insurance
paid, making a total of 165 deaths and
$24S,OO0 of insurance.
The principal business at the after
noon session was the election of the FOL
lowing officers: Grand warden, DR.. W.
H. Weeks. East Hardwick; vice warden,
Merrill Russell, Montpelier; secretary,
II A. Bartlett, st. Johnsbury; treas
nrer. H H. Davis, Burlington; chaplain,
Miss Lillian Hutchins, East Barre !;
guide, Herbert E. Harris, Brattlep0ro;
guardian. Mrs. Mabel Pierce, yer
eennes: sentinel, Mrs. May E. Heath
St, ,Johnsbury; trustees, P. }. roster
Pntland: R. H. Galusha, Bennington,
and Mrs. Eva J. Merrill, Morrlsvliie'
Tho officers were installed by Frederick
r Peabody of Boston, supreme wee
dictator. H. p
Through the kindness of DR.. H. n;
Lynch about 90 of the delegates anu
grand and supreme officers were ERE taken AIKEN
en sightseeing trip about the town
in an automobile Tuesday morning;
The next annual meeting will be held
in Burlington. .-... do,ooa+es
The pleasure of the visiting delegates
was materially enhanced by the close Jose
attention ute of the reception committee
from the local lodge. Each tram wa a.
NET # at the station and the delegates
taken in hand by the members OF LIN, tne
committee. Their baggage was ta In
core Of and all the wants looked alt1i o
The delegates spoke very highly OIL h tne
wav thew were treated, The mem ngna
o m"y the reception committee were MIS- Mrs.
p G. Davis, chairman, E. 9: DAVIS G M
and Mrs. William White, Mr.: and MIS- MIS-
Fred Ere Currier, Mr.. and Mrs W. Il. h on ID
M Wps H M1sS D 5 Mr. and Mrs. M N
stafford ST. and Arthur E. Ellis.
The Brattleboro reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1907-1912, 1907-04-26
TRIBUTE TO FATHER LANE.
Appreciative Sketch of Former Local
Priest in Vermont Catholic Review.


There is no event more common than
that of death. Every day some recruits
in the army of life by our side
'sSink like waves upon that shore
Where storms shall never rouse them
more"
The death of good Father Lane of
Fair Haven has come with keen anne
ton to a wide circle of friends by
whom he was atfectionately admired
and esteemed. Our acquaintance with
the dead priest dates from the month
of June, 1899, and time has but con
firmed our first impression OF him
that he was the true "Soggarth
Aroon."
Father Lane was born in Cork, Ire
land. 81 years ago-seion of race that
knew how to suffer and die for Faith
and Fatherland-in a country that
bears the proud title of "Rebel, " and
that has given to the world an Eng
land and a Cooke, a Buckley and a
"Prout.'
Variously gifted, Father Lane was
endowed with more talent than genus,
more solidity than brilliancy, more re,
Election than imagination. His nina
was of the analytical order, and his
ability rather critical than creative.
In conversation, though not fluent, he
was impressive and convincing, his
manner was assuring and cordial, ana
was adorned with the charm OF ease
and simplicity. This, with his direct
ness in speech, made him one OF the
most companionable of men. his
friendships were sincere and lasting
Wordsworth, it is said, had no words
of praise for any of the Lake School OF
poets but himself. Father Lane was
exempt from that
"Base envy, that at another's fortune
pines,
And hates the excellence it cannot
reach.'
He had warm words of encomium fol-
his fellow-p priests and it was OFTEN a
source of consolation to us to hear his
anpreciation of our humble ministra'
tons.
As theologian he was able, sound
and accurate; and too modest to sus,
pect his cleverness, which was admitted
by all. Though not externally wed
ded, to his views, he was not wanting
in infexibility Of opinion; and in our
conferences he entered upon argument
like a man seeking information. \.
His zeal as a priest is amply testi'
fed to by his labors in Burlington
Brattleboro, Middlebury, Ludlow
Poultney and Fairhaven. The last time
we saw him was during Holy Week
and he was then planning to return to
his people to work still among them
for the glory of God and the salvation
of souls. 81 WILL" said he, g go to
ireland for my health, later on" But
God willed otherwise, and he resigned
The Brattleboro reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1907-1912, 1907-04-26

His successor is John McCraw, who as
sumes charge this morning. Mr.. Nc
Craw has been station agent at st. AL
bans since last June and was previous
" employed at different points on the
Grand Trunk system. He is said to
be a thorough railroad man and his
ability in that line will be thoroughly
tested during the first few weeks OF
his work in Brattleboro. Mr.. Lavelle
has been offered his old position as
cashier of the local freight office and
also a station on the southern division
of the Central Vermont but he has not
vet decided what he will do.