davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Los Angeles herald., 1907-08-09
CARLOAD SHIPMENTS
OF CITRUS FRUITS

o Shipments of oranges and LEM
@ ons from Los Angeles Tuesday,
@ August o, reported by the CaIifor-
@ mia Fruit Growers exchange, were
@ carloads of oranges and car
% loads of lemons. 4
@ Total to date there were shipped
o 20,319 carloads, of which 3053 were
o lemons.
@ Last season to date there were
@ shipped 24,287 carloads, of which
o 1868 were lemons. These figures
@ do not include the shipments over
@ the Southern Pacific on August @.
9 @ @ @ @ o @ O @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @ @
Los Angeles herald., 1907-08-09
SAN PEDRO SHIPPING
Py Associated Press.

Ry Associated Press.
SAN PEDRO, Aug. S-The steamer Pasa-
dena Capt. Kamin, from Albio via San Fran
ciyco, arrived in port this morning and
berthed at the Southern Pacific wharf, where
the cargo OF 900 feet of lumber will be
discharged on railroad cars for shipment to
Los Angeles firms.
The steamer Francis H. Leggett. Capt. Ra-
nler. arrived this morning from Portland with
cargo of 100000 feet Of lumber for the Ma
tional Lumber company,
The bark Hesper. Capt. Swanson. from
Winslow, anchored In the outer harbor this
morning and will be towed into port this
afternoon.
The steamer Roanoke, Capt. Durham. took
on a cargo of freight and large list of pas
sengers and departed this evening for\ Port
land via San Francisco.
The power schooner Santa Rosa Island, Capt
Widing. from Santa Rosa island arrived in
pert this morning with cargo of cattle for
shipment to Los Angeles firms.
The British steamer Caciuue, Capt, Dill
from Peru Callao and Lobtos, arrived yester-
day afternoon in the outer harbor on her way
to San Francisco, short Of fuel. She was
loaded with nitrate and copper ore. The Gael
que then cleared for the north.
Los Angeles herald., 1907-08-09
Chicago Live Stock

CHICAGO, Aug. S.--Cattle-Receipts $500;
market steady beeves, 81 4oQ75O; cows. s1.4OQ
5.2O; heifers $2.4OQ6.50; calves, s5.7597 so;
good to prime steers, s5.7507. 80; poor to me-
dium, S4.50q5.75; stockers and feeders S2.7OQ
$50.
Hogs-Receipts 1900; market steady; light,
S5 S0g6. go; mixed, s5TOd6, 20; heavy, s5.soa605;
rough s5.S045,6O; pigs s5.50@6l0i good TO
choice heavy s57096.05
Sheep-Receipts 7000 market strong; natives.
So s5q6 25; westerns, sS s5@6.0O; yearings, s6 l5
d6 sOi lambs, $6.6Oq7.7O; westerns. S5.S097.sO.
Los Angeles herald., 1907-08-09
Pacific Coast Trade
By Associated Press.


SAN FRANCISCO. Aug, S.-Pink beans 50. s5
Q2.75 lima So 20Q5 80; small white 81. S5@S 20;
large white $2.55Q2.7b; Early Rose potatoes,
81 50@1 75 new potatoes S1,75 fancy onionr.
81. so; common, S225; string beans. 1hQ2c; egg
plant, s1.OO; green peppers, 81 .OO; tomatoes 75c
QslOp; summer squash, S5q5Oc; asparagus, 5Q
Sc; garlic 944c; cucnmbers, 4OQ5Oc.
Flour, family extras, S5. 2OG5.7O bakers ex-
tIas, S5. .20d5. as; Oregon and Washington, $4.y0
az 20; shipping wheat s1.45q1.5O milling,
sl.574@l. sly; feed barley 2s%qiSlhi brew
81 5od1 rs; white 81 .40@1.55; black 50 .O002 35
middiings, s27 O0aSO.OO; miSed feed, s2S. 600
IA O0 rolled barley s27 OOQ2S.OO; oatmeal, 81 10;
oat groats, s4SO; rolled oats, s6.O0Q7.25; wheat
hay, sl6. .OOG21 90; wheat and oat, 50 0091S 90
wild oat SS, S,00Qi1.00; tame oat, 900Q16 01;
alfalfa Ss 50a13 so; straw, a5Qs5c.
Receipts-Fiour, 20; barley, 1880; oats $50;
beans 622; potatoes, 223O; onions, 22O; hay, 4sO;
straw, 10; hides, 1880; wine, 5000.
Everything you want you will find in the
mage. One cent q word.
Los Angeles herald., 1907-08-09
DIVIDEND PAYMENTS BY
LEADING CORPORATIONS

1t is estimated that the dividend payments by
leading corporations in August will amount to
$3J, 453,575, an increase 1906 of 81, ,75S 233
and that the total disbursements for interest
and dividends for August amount to S76, ,O53, =
575 The increase in dividend disbursements is
due to the increase in rates made by some cor
rcrations and to additions made to dividend
rates Industrial dividends for the month are
estimated at $40, 633 $50, an increase of 80 Ss4-
26S; steam railroad dividends, s17, 764s5O an in
crease of 81, 1856 36a and street railways So 055
475, an increase Of s53s 600.
Los Angeles herald., 1907-08-09
DAY OFF FOR
RETAIL GROCERS
LITTLE TRADING IN PRODUCE IN
THE MARKET
Wholesalers Close Up Early and Join
in Festivities at Playa del
Rey-Lots Of
Fish

The fact that the retail grocers closed thelr
places of business Thursday and hilsed off TO
Playa del Rey for the annual picnic OF the
association served to give the wholesalers in
the produce market a period Of comparative
rest The demand for supplies was nil, very
little doing even in the line Of fresh fruits
The day was favorable for rearranging stock
end checking UP collections closely.
There was no call session OF the exchange,
an adjournment being taken as mark OF
courtesy to the merchants.
Solicitors representing the 6rocers VIII MAKE
regular calls at the homes of the people Satur-
day morning which will be rush day IN the
market.
Receipts of fish were large
Los Angeles herald., 1907-08-09
San Francisco Mining Stocks
BY Associated Press.
Coffee and Sugar

By Associated Press
NEW YORK, Aug, S-sugar-Raw, quiet;
fair refining, 3.4S1ac; centrfugal s6 test 1884,;
mclasses sugar, 31Slzc. Refined, quiet.
Coffee futures closed quiet, unchanged to 10
points lower. Sales reported at 1870 bags
including Sept. and Dec, at 5.6ba57 7Oc; March
Rio CSC; No. 4 Santos, 79sc; mild coffee.
dull Cordova, 9Q12Mo.
Los Angeles herald., 1907-08-09
Eggs, Butter and Cheese

BY Associated Press
SAN FRANCISCO, Aug. S-Fancy creamery
butter soc; seconds, 241sc; fancy dairy 26c;
seconds, 24c. New cheese, 13c; eastern, 1S1sc;
Young America, 17c Ranch eggs, 32c; store
l91a@27lAc; eastern 21c.
CHICAGO, Aug. Son the produce exchange
today the butter market was firm; creameries,
22@24lac; dairies. 2O@23c Eggs steady at
mark. cases included, 1igiSc; frsts lie; prime
frsts, lSc, Cheese, steady, 12Q13hc.
Los Angeles herald., 1907-08-09
Cotton and Wool
BY Associated Press.

ST. LOUIS, Aug SWool, steady; medium
grades combng and clothing, 24q26c; light fine
22Q23c; heavy fine, 17dlSc tub washed, 29qS5c.
NEW YORK. Aug. S.-Spot cotton quiet;
closed 10 points higher; middling uplands,
II, soc; do gulf, 1s.55c; sales 22OO bales
Los Angeles herald., 1907-08-09
HEAVY INCREASE IN
CUBAN SUGAR CROP

The Cuba sugar crop for 1867 is about COM
pleted, and it is estimated. that II viii reach
.425. 900 long tons, against 1.179,000 long tons
the preceding year. The outlook for a good
crop In Louisiana Is promising. Late reports
are that the plant cane crop is generally OF d
fine stand and color and growing rapidly. al
though II is not relatively as advanced as the
stubble can or rattoon crop.
Los Angeles herald., 1907-08-09
Financial Record
BY Associated Pi ess.

BY AssOciated Press,
NEW YORK, Aug. S.-Money on call steady
3A95 per cent; ruling rates. AZ per cent; clos
frmer; 60 days, 5h per cent; 80 days, per
cent; six months 6Aq6h per cent
Prime mercantile paper 646ia per cent; ster-
ling exchange easy with actual business In
bankers bills at si.s6i5 for demand and at
81. 1915 for 60 days. Commercial bills, s4.S2%
Bar silver, 692sc. Mexican dollars 55Bc; gov
eminent bonds, firm; railroad bonds dull
Los Angeles herald., 1907-08-09
Treasury Statement
BY Associated Press.

by AssOclated Press
WASHINGTON Aug. S.-Today's statement
OF the treasury balances shows: Available cash
balance, $240 43S 914: gold coin and bullion, s62,
1e1, ,0S5; gold certificates, ssS,SOll4O.
Los Angeles herald., 1907-08-09
New York Stocks
BY Associated Press

BY Associated P-ess.
NEW YORK, Aug. S.-The following were
the official quotations on the stock exchange:
High Low. Close.
Los Angeles herald., 1907-08-09

In the future The Herald will issue TO sub
scribers holding six months contracts The
Housekeeper. instead OF the Woman's Home
Companion Tho Housekeeper is preferred by
many OF our patrons II is bright full of ex-
cellent articles of especial interest to women.
Los Angeles herald., 1907-08-09
Oil Stocks
DAILY MINING CALL

Official sales-10.000 Johnnie Con. at 14a141kc;
10000 Consolidated Mines at 1kc 1900 Clark
Copper at 11Sql21ac. Unlisted-10OO Coming
Nation at 10c.
CALIFORNIA
Los Angeles herald., 1907-08-09
MINING QUOTATIONS

San Francisco mining exchange quotations
furnished by Ernest Kennedy & Co.. 12S west
Sixth street, Los Angeles, August 81
Los Angeles herald., 1907-08-09

GRAIN AND FEED Zoo lbs )-Wheat No. |,
sl.7O; do d0O-lb. sack), s1.75; corn. s1.6O;
tracked corn. s1.65; feed meal $40; bran.
heavy. $780, rolled barley S1,45; oil cake meal,
$3.50; seed rye. sl,75; shorts. $145; Egyptian
corn, $l.65; whito oats. s1.90.
HAY-CPe" ton)-Choice wheat hay. s22Q24;
No wheat or wheat and oat, $1S@2i: do No.
tame oat s11415; wild oat. s11@14; stock hay.
sSG9; alfalfa, sl1G12.5o: straw. so99Oc.
Los Angeles herald., 1907-08-09
RuIIdIna Permits Granted

Following are the permits issued from the
Ice Of the chief Inspector Of buildings on
ursday, and classified according to wards:
Permits Value
Los Angeles herald., 1907-08-09
FINANCIAL

LOS ANGELES, Aug S-Bank clearinss
were So, 2,175,5311S, against ST. 7O2, ,36011 for the
corresponding date last year, an increase OF
S472, ,17iO7. Following is a comparative state
ment:
Los Angeles herald., 1907-08-09
Retail Prices

Following prices for leading articles Of con-
sumption prevail at the Los Angeles stores:
Butter 2-lb. roll. fancy ..................... 80
Butter 2-ib, roll, Santa Ana .,.....,........ 10
COOKING butter 80
Eggs, fresh ranch per dozen. ........... 35
Potatoes fancy, 100 lbs. ....................S275
Los Angeles herald., 1907-08-09

Everything you want you will find In tn
classified page. One cent word.
Los Angeles herald., 1907-08-09

GOLDFIELD DISTRICT
Los Angeles herald., 1907-08-09
Los ANGELES STOCK EXCHANGE
Bank Stocks

Official sales--2) Associated Oil at s29.2
20. ;216; 90 do at s2S 75q2925
Los Angeles herald., 1907-08-09

(Greenwater district)
Los Angeles herald., 1907-08-09

belmont .'''.''''''.''............... 800 S.221a
Watertown weekly leader. [volume] (Watertown, Jefferson County, Wis.) 1906-1908, 1907-10-04

Prof. \. f. Jaffa, the nutrition ex-
pert of the State University at Berke-
ley, Cal, has issued a bulletin saying
10 cents worth Of peanuts contain more
protein than a meal Of roast beef, and
six times the amount of energy in
volved in a big fat porterhouse steak.
Prof. Jaffa punctures the old idea
that salt eaten with nuts makes them
more easily digested, says Berkeley
dispatch to the New York World He
also explains why nuts seem to upset
the digestive organs.
With the exception, perhaps, of
dried beans and cheese no food ma
terial has such a reputation for indi-
geStibility," he says. Discomfort
from nuts is largely due to insufficient
mastication, and from eating them
when not needed. as after a hearty
meal or late at night"
Watertown weekly leader. [volume] (Watertown, Jefferson County, Wis.) 1906-1908, 1907-10-04
Growing Alfalfa

E. c. Cameron, Of Pike County, No,
Is credited by an exchange with the
following suggestions on growing al
falfa:
After several years experimental
ton, with both success and failure,
unhesltatingly advise fall seeding.
While 1 know of no plant that excels
once established, it is extremely timid
about its association with other plants
in It's early life Weeds and foXtail
are It's worst foes, and how to avoid
them or to reduce them to the mini
mum is the problem before the alfalfa
grower. 1t is with this in view that
advise the fall seeding. To my mind
the piece selected for seeding down
next fall should be upland naturally
we'll drained and fertile. If the piece
selected is land in wheat l should top
dress it during winter with all the
stable manure | could possibly get on
it-nOt in great hunks, but well dtstrib-
uted After the wheat comes off in
June SHOULD uiSh 1t Twice, once edcH
way. After the first shower the weeds
will begin to appear, then disk again.
Keep this up until Sept 1. Don't pillow
under any circumstances, but kill all
the weed growth by surface cultiva-
ton. All this sounds like work, and
it is work, but the best remunerated
work a farmer ever did. About Sept. /,
If there be moisture enough for ger
minatiOn, SOW twenty pounds Of seed
per acre. Use q wheelbarrow seeder
and sow ten pounds each way. This
covers 'skips and gives a better dis
tribution of the seeds Then slant
your harrow teeth and cover by going
over the field at least twice"
Watertown weekly leader. [volume] (Watertown, Jefferson County, Wis.) 1906-1908, 1907-10-04
WELSH TIN
Manufacturers in Wales More Prosperous
Than Ever Before.

The Welsh tin plate industry is now
reported Ia he prosperous beyond record.
According to the Iron Age the output for
1907 is expected . exceed 100000 tons.
Prophecies o. ruin to the Welsh manu-
facturcrs of tir plate had quite as gen
cral acceptance len years ago, after the
American tin plate industry had demon
strated its ability to care for the
greater part of the domestic demand, as
was accorded earlier to predictions of the
failure of the american attempt to be
come independent Of Wales.
y steadily expanding world demand
for tin and terne plates has been gradu-
ally counteracting the peSSimiSm that
had taken possession Of the Welsh trade,
and today there is n more hopeful view
of the future than has ever been taken.
Whereas before the establishment of
American tin plate Manufacture this
country took much more of the Welsh
product than all other countries com
bincd. the United States today receives
less than One-seyenth of the exports from
Wales, though still the largest single
customer For the fiscal year ended
June 80 our imports of tin and terne
plates were 63,629 gross tons, as COM
pared with 53,937 tons in the previous
year. Meanwhile our production is at
the rate of about 100000 gross tons Il
years.
The present buoyant condition of the
industry appears to be due almost wholly
TO the general wave of prosperity that
has brought enlargement Of nearly all
lines of trade. Russian demand expand
ed as the disorders i'll the Baku dis
trict Quieted down.
Japan mas been a heavy buyer also.
In fact, Belgium and Australia alone of
the eleven principal countries to which
Great Brintain ships showed a falling
off in the first six months of 1907.
Watertown weekly leader. [volume] (Watertown, Jefferson County, Wis.) 1906-1908, 1907-10-04
New Eitchtng Strap.

The most desirable hitching strap is
one which gives the horse plenty of
freedom and at the same time takes
up the slack. preventing the animal
from becoming entangled in it. \ very
simple apparatus for this purpose is
being placed on the market in the
shape of a piece of pipe Of suitable
length with the means at the ends of
securing it to the stall. The upper end
has a roller, over which the hitching
strap or rope passes. and is secured to
a weight moving in the interior of the
pine.
Watertown weekly leader. [volume] (Watertown, Jefferson County, Wis.) 1906-1908, 1907-10-04
Better the Lot Of Lazarus.

England is rich. Assume, by way of
imagery, that the national wealth is a
loaf of bread at which 100000 feed
and that the loaf is sliced into twelve
parts. Now eleven slices go to the up
permost 100000. The 35,0OO,00O are
all gnawing At the remaining one slice.
An enormous and perturbing fact 1t is
evident that one slice, since the loaf is
not miraculous. cannot feed the 50 ,000,-
600; quite evident. many get not even a
crumb. In London last year 200 died
in the streets of starvation; they got
not a crumb, and year in and year out
100000 are on the verge of starvation.
Vance Thompson in The Outing Maya
zine
Watertown weekly leader. [volume] (Watertown, Jefferson County, Wis.) 1906-1908, 1907-10-04
Corn and Soy Beans.

| have raised corn and soy beans
together with good results, but my eX
perience on the whole is to advise
farmers not to grow them together. 1t
made the corn exceedingly hard to cut,
as the mass Of vegetation was SO heavy
that the corn and beans tumbled in
every direction from the heavy winds.
| believe it is better, on rich land, to
grow each of the crops separately, says
an Ohio farmer. When the land is not
50 rich and it is not desired to cut and
shock the corn SOY beans can be grown
to advantage to turn hogs or cattle on
after the corn is gathered. The most
satisfactory soy bean that l have tried
is the early yellow variety known as
HOllybrOOk they are some three weeks
earlier than the mammoth yellow, grow
q fine quality of vine and an excellent
yield Of seed. 1t grows off more
promptly than the mammoth and gets
out of the way of weeds and grass
sooner and for the same reason it is
not so much in the way in cultivating
a corn crop, if it is desired to plant
them in a cornfieId. And one decided
advantage they have over the mann.
moth, they do not shell so badly after
getting ripe.
Watertown weekly leader. [volume] (Watertown, Jefferson County, Wis.) 1906-1908, 1907-10-04
PROLIFIC GARDEN.
EnGiishman's First and Successful
Attempts in Manitoba-Soil Pro-
duces Striking Results.

Attempts in Manitoba-Sol Pro-
duces Striking Results.
The Winnipeg (Canada) Free Press
Of a few days since contains account
of the success that followed the efforts
of William Knowles, an Englishman
who located near Manitoba. This is but
one of many letters giving experiences
of settlers and should be encouraging
to those who are looking about for a
new home in which they may better
their conditions. The following is a
copy of the article referred to:
William Knowles, who cultivates
some twelve acres of land just below
Middechurch ferry on east side of
the Red River, has probably as fine
display of horticultural products as
any in Manitoba The whole of his
holding is in high state of cultivation
and literally crowded with splendid
vegetable specimens, which have fortu-
nately escaped damage by hail, al
though heavy storms have more than
once occurred within a few miles. The
potatoes are a wonderful crop, and he
expects to raise 1900 bushels from his
patch Of Az acres. A half-dOzen Of
! tubers selected yesterday average more
than a pound each. Adjoining the po-
tatOeS may be seen a marvellous cOllec-
ton of tomatoes There are 600 plants,
all growing under an enormous weight
of fruit. One single stock picked yes
terday contained eighteen tomatoes and
weighed four pounds This exUraordin-
airy example of marvellous growth, to-
gether with some of the potatoes, were
sent to the Free Press office
The proprietor was the first in town
with several specimens, including green
corn. The season has been very favor
able for onions. and one square patch
of nearly an acre is looking remark
ably healthy. In addition, there are
good crops of cabbages, caulif1ower,
turnips, parsnips, carrots, pumpkins,
marrows, cucumbers, celery, peas, let
tuce, rhubarb ETC. The floral depart
ment has not been neglected and a
charming display of all the well-known
blooms were shown, including a spe-
cially choice lot of asters.
Mr. Knowles, who gained most of his
gardening experience in England. Is
loud in his praise of Manitoba soil for
vegetable raising, and is gratified with
the result of his first attempt at extern
Siye horticulture
Watertown weekly leader. [volume] (Watertown, Jefferson County, Wis.) 1906-1908, 1907-10-04
Poultry Notes,

For rapid growth feed the chickens
often.
Lice brood, breed and hide under
! the roosts.
SweIIed eyes with running at the
| nostrils indicate roup.
Gravel should always be supplied to
| fowls that are fattened in confinement
Of two things, the breed and feed
ing the latter is the more important.
Dry salt is as good as any material
that can be used for preserving eggs.
Ducks may be picked when four
months old and every six weeks after
wards.
Select the stock of pullets you in
| tend to keep as soon as they are well
developed.
Coal ashes should always be sifted
before putting them in the dust box
for the use Of poultry.
Much of the disease with which fowls
are afflicted may be traced to a neglect
| in ventilating the fowl house.
Ducks should be allowed as much
liberty as possible, as they do not
thrive as we'll in confinement as chick
! ems.
As a general rule there is more profit
in marketing fowls early; prices are
not any better, but there is a great
saving in feed.
| It does not cost any more to keep
! thoroughbred stock than it does to keep
scrub stock, but it pays better when it
| comes to selling.
Young chickens or turkeys should
never be allowed to go on the roost
until ten or twelve weeks old If al
lowed too young their hearts often get
| crooked ana their growth and appear
aQce spoiled
Watertown weekly leader. [volume] (Watertown, Jefferson County, Wis.) 1906-1908, 1907-10-04


is where we got the pea comb. This
mixup produced bird or two red as
foxes, with yellow legs, and l con-
ceived the idea of raising a whole
flock like them.
AS layers the Buckeye Reds are sim
ply peerless. Heat or cold has no ter
rOrs for them, as their small combs
do not suffer from frost. They have
a long body from the wishbone back
upon which to carry plenty of meat
They are not coarse or bony, yet males
weigh from nine to ten pounds and
females from five to seven.
They have the rich yellow skin and
legs so dear to the American epicure.
and the skin is not thick and tough as
in some yellOW-skinned fowls. They
are vigorous from the shell, alert and
gamy, though not inclined to fight
among themselves. says Mrs. F. Net
calf of Ohio in American Agriculturist,
in which Buckeye Red Of ideal shape
is illustrated. The surface color of
the male is dark rich velvety red
approaching cardinal or garnet, never
buff or bricky, head. neck, hackle, back
saddle and wingbows richly CLOSED
with metallic luster, under color a
lighter shade
Watertown weekly leader. [volume] (Watertown, Jefferson County, Wis.) 1906-1908, 1907-10-04
FURIOUS HUMOR ON CHILD.

itching. bleeding Sores Covered
R"dH-NothinG Helped H.r-tuti-
cura Cures Her in Five Days.
After my granddaughter of about
seven years had been cured of the
measles, she was attacked about Il
fortnight later by a furious itching ald
painful eruptions all over her uody.
especially the upper part of 1t, forming
watery and bleeding sores, especially
under the arms, of considerable size
She suffered a great deal and for three
weeks we nurSed her every night.
using all the remedies we could think
of. Nothing would help We tried the
Cuticura Remedies and after twenty
four hours we noted considerable i'm
provement, and after using only one
complete set OF the Cuticura Remedies,
III FIVE consecutive days the little one,
much to our joy had been entirely
cured. and has been we'll for a long
time. Mrs. f. Ruefenacht. r. +. d. No
3. bakersfield. Cal, June % and July
20. 1906"
Watertown weekly leader. [volume] (Watertown, Jefferson County, Wis.) 1906-1908, 1907-10-04
PAPER PALS FOR MILK.
Latest London Continuance for Securing
Pure Milk Supply.

fule MILK supply.
For year" LouGou'S milk supply has
been blamed 10y medical men and health
officers for great deal of the infant
mortality.
Now the dairy companies are to de-
liver milk ut the doors of houses in pa
per pals or pitchers. which are said 10
be absolutely proof against germs aud
water.
The paper pals are being made at n
new factory ut the rate of $1,000 daily.
but they will require to be turned out
At any rate of some millions daily if the
demand is Ia he met.
These milk pals, made from wood
pulp. can, OF courSe. he used only once.
says What to Eat But they will he
cheaper than metal pals. pitchers. or
glass bottles for one reason, because al!
labor of cleaning and steriliZing will be
saved.
The pail is simple contrivancc.
twelve times lighter than the ordinary
milk can, is strongly made and is fin
ished off, after being rendered water
proof, by being stcrilized in Il furnace
heated mp to 800 degrees Fahrenheit.
Every pail has close fitting Hanged COW
er which can be quickly adjusted. and
when fixed, eflCctually seals the milk
from any outside influence