davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1907-01-16

It was only thirty years ago that the
telephone was born to the world and
already there are over billion dol
lars invested in the industry. In New
York City and its immediate vicinity
alone, there are at the present time
over 100000 telephones in service.
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1907-01-16

The discovery by science that prop
erly fitted glasses will destroy the
appetite for strong drink may throw
MANY of US who wear glasses open to
the suspicion that we are taking the
jag cure.
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1907-01-16
~%>%% . = = %<<<$<
. EDITORIAL SALAD. .
@%%%A%%% = . . . y %%%%%

Frank Davey, Speaker Of the Orr
gon House" sounds all right to US.
and it will sound we'll fifty days henc
to all good Oregonians who may bt'
coming the good work done by thar
representatives.
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1907-01-16
HOW TO CURE CHlLBLAINS.

ITO enjoy freedom from chilblains," y"
writes John Kemp, East Otisfeld, Me,
st apply Bucklen's Arnica Salve. Have
also used it for salt rheum with ex-
cellent results" Guaranteed to cure
fever sores, indolent ulcers, piles,
burns, wounds, frost bites and skin
diseases. 25c at Chas. Rogers drug
store.
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1907-01-16

Prof. Holden, the corn expert, says
that every ear Of corn intended for
seed for next years crop that Is hung
up and dried thoroughly before the
hard freezing weather will go towards
adding millions of dollars of profit to
the corn crop.
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1907-01-16

"Pineules" (non- -alcoholic) made
from resin fro mour Pine Forests,
used for hundreds of years for Blad-
der and Kidney diseases Medicine
for thirty days, 800. Guaranteed.
Sold by Frank Hart's Drug Store.
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1907-01-16
CARRIE NATION

certainly smashed hole In the bar
rooms OF Kansas, but Ballard's Horc'
hound Syrup has smashed all records
rs cure for coughs. Bronchitis. In
fluenxa and all Pulmonary diseases, 7
C. H, Horton, Kansas. writes: ''I
have never found u medicine that
would cure cough so quickly as Bal
lard's Horehound Syrup, | have uset
II for years" Harts drug store.
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1907-01-16

1t is all right to do good deeds ex-
pecting some return, but We get tired
Of the many very good people who
practice tying a string TO every piece
of bread they cast upon the waters.
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1907-01-16

Tapioca is going up in price, Still,
it is possible to live, after fashlon'
without tapioca
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1907-01-16

Mems Blue kcrsey Ovorcoata
in broken lines. 81, 80 and $40.
values Special at 1920
Mems 10 in Heavy Chcvoit
Ovcrc ats, $3.50 to SlG,50
values. Special at Sll.46
Mems Rain Coats. Mackin-
toshes, Cravcnettcs. etc, odd
lots, one and two Of nizc, $40.
to $500 values. Special at 1886
Golf Shirts, sizes ii IL, 10,
l6 IL and II, Toe and 500 values
for G0c
Underwear. OvershirtA. Neck
wear, Hats, Gloves, Sweaters. etc,
ali ut reduced prices,
Trunks Suit Caecs, Bags, etc.
all reduced.
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1907-01-16

There are at least 9S5 Five and Ten
Cent Stores" in the United States.
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1907-01-16

Sarah +, Clayton to |, \, La
howitch. land IN Section ~
10 -, -, ,,,,,t'''''' '''''''$
A. II. cyrus and wife ) T. r.
Davies, lots II and Il block q,
Merriweather Downs Add, nd
Astoria -. -, .,... t''''''
Peter Johnson and wife 10 Rcr-
nard Lien. lots and 7. block
6s, Adairs Port of Upper Az
tuttN 49,, -, ,,t4,,'''''''''''
Seaside Spruce Lumber Com
pany to Seaside sash and Door
Company lot !, block \. Brad
hury's Add. to Ocean Grove,
lease -, -, ,.,.'''''''''''' '''
Il. NJ. Grimes ct al TO u. Il.
Scott and II. w. Mauzay. 90
by 100 II. land. Grimes Grove
Aztec Land and Cattle Company
to james Elwood. general pow
er Of attorney ...,..,...,..,.' 49,
Aztec Land and Cattle COM
pany to Washington and ore
gon Lumber Company, so acres
In Section Ss-il-la,..,.,,,.,,.
Mary II, Williams et ux to NJ,
n. Mays, so by 100 feet land In
block 3, Crimes Grove. e.....
J. D. Walker and wife TO Neha-
lem Investment Co. Ss0 acres
Section 81 and 32-6-6........
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1907-01-16
EilERS PIANO HOUSE.

424 Commercial St.
]. NJ. Ward, Special Agent.
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1907-01-16

Entered as second-clsss matter July
80, 1906. at the postofrice at Astoria, ors'
gon, under the act OF Congress OF March y,
1879.
Chicago eagle. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1889-19??, 1907-02-09
DIRECTOR

A General Foreign Exchange Nus.
tWcss transacted. Travellers Circu.
Tar Letters Of Credit tssued avail.
able In an parts Of the world.
Chicago eagle. [volume] (Chicago, Ill.) 1889-19??, 1907-02-09
THeNATioNAL BANK
REPUBLIC
or CHICAGO
q EsOURCEs.
OF CHICAGO

Condition at the close Of business Novcm
Der IL. 1900.
Bluefield evening leader. [volume] (Bluefield, W. Va.) 1906-1911, 1907-07-29
A Story from Missouri

Missouri mules have a world wide
reputation for certain characteristics.
not all of them deserved, SAYS one Of
that states representatives in con-
gress.
"A first-class Missouri mule" thu
member said, is much faster ami.
NAL than the best Kentucky horse.
This was doubted by Kentucky
horse owner who happened TO be in
our town not long ago, so we arranged
for race We knew, Of course. that
our mule had his horse beaten before
the race was ever started. so we de-
cided to have little fun with him.
We'll, they got off together. but in
100 yards the Missouri entry was
leading by fifty Then, all Of a sud
den, the Kentucky horse jerked back
and came to a stop His driver
whipped him up only to have the per
Torrance repeated every 200 yards OF
the mile You see, we had told the
fellow driving our mule to veil
Whoa! every once in awhile. and he.
of course. was moving so fast that
the souni was left behind, and the
Kentucky horse ran into IT. and. be-
ing well trained, of course. he
stopped"
Bluefield evening leader. [volume] (Bluefield, W. Va.) 1906-1911, 1907-07-29
As THE SERGEANT CHOSE.
Knew Men He wanted with Him In
Tight Pinch.

Not In a thousand years will blood
forget blood. even In this great nation
OF ours
The column had been winding all
morning through open country. Now
IL was approaching close woodland
and high grass. The captain OF the
company. acting as advance guard.
knew that trouble was probably lying
ahead. He called to him his pet SER
geant-the man he had been saving
through all the day for the time when
a best man was needed
"Sergt O'Hara." he said. 81 want
you to pick out from the company any
six men you choose and 20 ahead as
a point. You can have ANYBODY you
want-only choose the best YOU know.
| think we will be fired on from those
low hills"
sergt. oHara's eyes searched the
company.
"Sullivan!" he called. Mccarthy!
ODonnell! Moriarity, MoGinniss,"
lie hesitated. His glance wandered
uneasily up and down the line. Big.
honest Swedes, burly Teutons. lanky
Yankees, there We're I'm plenty. But
where-oh. yes. there on the left OF
the line-that brighteyed pug nosed.
red-headed little beggar. nodding and
lmplorlng attention with his twisted.
up face. The sergeant brow cleared.
Lynch he called. with sigh OF
relief This is thin. sorr' he added,
turning to the captain Outing.
Bluefield evening leader. [volume] (Bluefield, W. Va.) 1906-1911, 1907-07-29
OLD MAN NEATLY TRlCkED
In Looking After His Wine He Gave
Burglars Their Chance.

An old bachelor in Paris. formerly n
vine merchant. who from long habit
still kept capital cellar. discovered
that some of his best bottles of wine
were stolen every night. lie had
fresh locks put on the doors. and took
other measures of precaution. One
morning he received the following
anonymous letter:
Sir.-For some time past You have
been robbed i'm detail. but now a
wholesale robbery is in contempla-
ton. Tomorrow night your cellar
will be entirely cleared of it's con.
tents, unless you take some steps to
prevent it,"
The old gentleman was sorely per.
picked what to do. After due DELHI.
Grafton, he made up his mind to
mount guard over his wines himself.
lie bought couple of pistols. and.
thus equipped, ensconced himself be-
nina large cask, where he sat wait.
ing and watching the whole night
through, until the first gray streaks
OF the morning plainly showed him
mat he had been hoaXed Longing for
a cup OF hot coffee he hurried IN
stairs to his apartments Here he
hrst became aware how greatly he
had been tricked All the locks had
been picked. drawers and cupboards
cleared out, his money, jewelry. linen
and clothes all gone.
Bluefield evening leader. [volume] (Bluefield, W. Va.) 1906-1911, 1907-07-29
HOW TO AVOID CATCHING COLI

As every one is liable to catch q
cold and as colds are dangerous be
cause they may terminate in chronic
throat or lung diseases. Every on,
hould be interested in Tearing how
o avoid colds. The way is simple
Neyer sleep too cold, never fall
sleep in a cold room. or while sit
ing in a cold draft. never sit or lie
cold room or a cold draft. Nc
me ever catches a cold when the
'ody and mind are active, no matter
how cold one may get. If you ar,
suffering from a cold or its effects
Rydale' Cough Elixir is the quickest
and best remedy you can use. Ry
dales Cough Elixir is sold under a
guarantee. 25 and so cts. a bottle
For sale by The White Pharmacy
Cor Bland street and Princeton ave
Bluefield evening leader. [volume] (Bluefield, W. Va.) 1906-1911, 1907-07-29
Changed His Mind.

When the old farmer entered tho
bucket shop he was angry all over.
u don't think I'll invest a cent with
you he calculated; 81 Just heard. by
hon that you handle watorod stocks
The fake broker was LOaplussed for
the moment Quickly recovering his
composure. however he slapped the
old farmer on tho back and said i'm his
most fabricated tones:
MY dear sir. OF course our stocks
are watered We water them through
precaution
"PreceuuOn"
yes in these days Of fierce germs
and ferocious microbes we can't be
TOO particular That is why We put
all Of our stock through a hotwater
process before putting # on the mar.
ket"
And the old farmer was so tickled
he put up another 81 900.
Bluefield evening leader. [volume] (Bluefield, W. Va.) 1906-1911, 1907-07-29
WILLIAMS
KIDNEY PILLS

Have you neglected your Kidneys?
have you overlooked your nervous
system and caused trouble with your
Kidneys and bladder? Have you
pains In loins. side. back, groins and
bladder? Have you a fabby appear
ance OF the face. especially under
the eyes. Too frequently a desire
to pass urine? II 80. williams Kid
ney Pill will cure you.
Price soc.
For sale by The White Pharmacy,
Cor Bland street and Princeton ave.
Bluefield evening leader. [volume] (Bluefield, W. Va.) 1906-1911, 1907-07-29
To W. T. oliver:

You are hereby notified that on
the LIST day of the August Term.
1907 of the Circuit Court of Mer-
Ger County, West Virginia. the IN
dersigned will move the said Court
to APPOINT d. NJ Easley, of the County
and state aforesaid to act as trustee
jim the place and stead of j. M. An
derson, the person named as trustee
i'm certain deed of trust bearing
date Che LIST day of March, 1901.
and duly OF record in the Office OF the
Clerk of the County Court of said
county i'm Trust Deed Book No. 8.
page 375, the said J. NJ. Anderson
having removed beyond the limits
of said state Of West Virginia:
which deed OF trust was given to Sc
cure the payment of certain notes
therein described, executed to the
Undersigned boy you and which notes
are now due and unpaid.
Given under my hand this the
och day of June, 1907.
ID. M EAsLEY, r.. S. KARR.
Attorney. Ny Counsel.
G-21-1 Fridays
Bluefield evening leader. [volume] (Bluefield, W. Va.) 1906-1911, 1907-07-29
FOR SALE

A beautiful well improved farm OF
10 acres, in the valley Of Virginia
n sight Of churches, depot, school
1ostoffice, etc, fine neighborhood
2SO0 fruit trees, grazing land well
"atered, farm suitable for stock
ruit, grain or dairy farm. A very
onvenIently arranged room brick
.ouse, slate roof, bath room com
lete hot and cold water, 10 JET
.cetylene gas plant. all necessary out
buildings, first class In every respect
good room tenant house.
For further information address,
w. p. CAMPBELL,
Stuarts Draft, va
Bluefield evening leader. [volume] (Bluefield, W. Va.) 1906-1911, 1907-07-29
PILES! PILES. PILESi

Williams Indian Pile Ointment will
cure Blind. Bleeding and Itching
Piles. 1t absorbs the tumors, allays
tching at once, acts as a poultice
gives instant relief. Williams In
dian PiIe Ointment 8 prepared for
Piles and itching OF the private parts
Mail SOC. and 800. Williams Mrg.
Co, Cleveland, o.
For sale at Whites Pharmacy, Cor.
princeton aenue and Bland street.
Bluefield evening leader. [volume] (Bluefield, W. Va.) 1906-1911, 1907-07-29

The ambitious young humorist had
received from the editor his Offering
of jokes
'I wonder why he didn't take them"
said the Young humOrist sadly
shouldn't be surprised" said his
wife. if the editor isn't one of fhos.
men who don't understand p joke nm.
ui it has been explained 20 them. n
were YOU . should send them back
10 him with o kind little note telling
him what The point 10 in each one"
The humorist aid %.
To hts great surprise. the editor 40
ceptcd bis explanations Judge
Bluefield evening leader. [volume] (Bluefield, W. Va.) 1906-1911, 1907-07-29
ROGERS LIVERWORT
TAR AND CANCHALAgrN

FOR the complete cure OF Coughs
D''o8' Asthma and Bronchitis and
a'i Lung complaints rendering to
Consumption, LlVERWORTH. TAR
AND WILD CHERRY have for ages
maintained an established reputation
's standard Cough Remedy. It con-
taIns mo- opium or harmful drug. can
be given with safety 20 children
Price S1.OO
For sale "t whites Pharmacy. Cor.
princeton aenue and BIans stre
Bluefield evening leader. [volume] (Bluefield, W. Va.) 1906-1911, 1907-07-29
WITH ARNIC AND WITCH
HAZEL.

The best salve In inc world for
cuts Bruises, Sores. Ulcers. salt
i'neum letter, Chopped Hands and
skin eruptons. Guaranteed To give
satisfaciion, or money refunded. Csc
For sale by The White Pharmacy
Cor Princeton avenue and Bland 81
Bluefield evening leader. [volume] (Bluefield, W. Va.) 1906-1911, 1907-07-29
AlMaYa Holda 10 rha.

It's remarkable how often a WON.
an chsnges her mind" "Oh. not al.
way 3. There's one idea every woman
gets hat she never changes" What's
that The idea that she's pretty"
Ca holic Standard and Times.
Bluefield evening leader. [volume] (Bluefield, W. Va.) 1906-1911, 1907-07-29
limo 70 MnNe

They're putting out an awful lot
OF good songs these days" said Mr..
Staylstc. "Yes?" queried Miss Pa.
dence Come with yawn. Yea.
there new march song that's great.
It's fine to march to" Indeed? I
wish had It. I'd play II for you"
Bluefield evening leader. [volume] (Bluefield, W. Va.) 1906-1911, 1907-07-29
AXE THE POsTMAsTEvs wOHD
FOR IT..

Mr. r. NJ. Hamilton, postmaster
Cheeryvale, Ind keeps also o.
took OF general merchandise and
atent medicines. lie says Cham
erIain's Collie Cholera and Dlrrhoaa
temedy is standard here in Boss line.
{ never fails to give satisfaction
nd we could hardly afford to- be-
dthout &C." For sale bv
The White Pharmacy. Cor. Prince
on avenue and Bland street.
Bluefield evening leader. [volume] (Bluefield, W. Va.) 1906-1911, 1907-07-29
l.. ID. ALLEN.
ATTORNEY AT LAW

Begs to announce that he has resum-
ed the practice of law, with Office at
No. 321 Princeton avenue, and offers
his services to the public. He Will
practice in both State and Federal.
Bluefield evening leader. [volume] (Bluefield, W. Va.) 1906-1911, 1907-07-29
PIANIST

Madam Belts. Palmist and Card
Reader. up stairs over East end
Pharmacy. All are invited.
7-28-1m r.
Bluefield evening leader. [volume] (Bluefield, W. Va.) 1906-1911, 1907-07-29
EARM FOR SALE.

FARM FOR SALE have just
lad placed i'm my hands for sale a
farm consisting of 265 acres with a
nine-room dwelling finished I'm hard
wood with nice bath room This
and is situate within 10 miles Of
The city limits; about 200 acres
cleared Every foot of the farm can
be irrigated from a copious spring I'm
the mountain i'm front of the build
ing 20 is one of the prettiest homes
i'm Mercer county and viii be sold
for q reasonable price TITLE perfect
Address d. b Baldwin Pioneer Real
Estate Agent Blufeld. w va.
7-26-1Ot
Bluefield evening leader. [volume] (Bluefield, W. Va.) 1906-1911, 1907-07-29
FOR SALE

FOR sALE:--I have Just had placed
In my hands for sale q new up-to
date frame and metal roof dwell
Ing on Giles Street on very reas-
enable terms. Has rooms, with
bath room and large attic, hot and
cold water, electric lights, phone
connections an dhot air furnace,
inside beautifully finished up in
hard wood
D. 3. BALDWIN, Pioneer real
estate Agent First National Bank
Building
Bluefield evening leader. [volume] (Bluefield, W. Va.) 1906-1911, 1907-07-29
5 CENT THEATRE

PARTEE BLOCK, BLCEFIELD AVE
0-CHANGES WEEKLY-0
MONDAY, WEDNESDAY, FRIDAY.
open p. m. until 10 p. m. Special
attention to ladies and children. IL
Illustrated songs.
Bluefield evening leader. [volume] (Bluefield, W. Va.) 1906-1911, 1907-07-29

DON'T FORGET that we
Install electric work at the
lowest price. Phone. write or
call and sec us about your
work.
CLIMAX ELECTRICAL Sup
Ply & CONSTRUCTION co.
Bluefield evening leader. [volume] (Bluefield, W. Va.) 1906-1911, 1907-07-29

FOR SALE: Iron Safe, good as
new. Apply Hotel Altamont.
7-19-6t.
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1907-06-21
HE WANTED THE MONEY.
Railroad Official Receives Forcible
Communication From Irate
Resident.

Speaking of freak letters which
railroad officials often receive from
parties who believe they have suf-
fered from some cause or other
through the negligence or careless
ness of the railroad employees, Gener-
al Freight and Passenger Agent
George +. Nevins. OF the Corvallis
a. Eastern yesterday submitted the
following communication, which was
written TO a certain Official of a
Western railroad not long ago. For
composition and spelling. TO say moth
ing OF force. the letter certainly ia
entitled to first place In the gallery
of freaks. The letter follows:
Dear Sir; Did you injinear tell
you he has killed too couse belonging
TO me he sad he would tel you and
the konducktor TO thay killed them
killed them tonite as they came
across the rode at my plais whare
have got a crosin and when | put my
crosin In you sed you was putin up
a Tense on eche side OF the rode that
wud keap critters from getin killed
you put up hei OF a fense too CATS
broke into kindlIn wood a our after
yure fense went down the rode your
Injinear out to be fired he knos thare
Is a graid thare and he come down
thar hel bent every mite the couse he
killed was yerelin heffers brand bar
]. swallow fox on the ear aud left
under hacked I want the money for
he couse and II yure injinear kills
anubher one of my cous I will see
hat you're injinear Is not a our getin
% hel after the couse you have killed
more stock for me than yure dam
'ode is wurih and you wont pay for
\ we got along befure the rale rodes
anne and a dam site betlr than We
10 now my critters Is all have on
lrth 10 live an and II yure injineare !
AN xii one every time he gets
trunk all 1 say is this unided states
has gon TO the deyvei the couse will |
20 s5 dollers hoping you are we'll
Albany Herald.
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1907-06-21

tie girl in the buggy alone. IL was
one of the accidents that are unex-
plainable. for. as the women worked
with the harness. the horse suddenly
dashed away with the helpless child
alone In the madly careening vehicle.
The buggy was ditched after a short
run. and the little one was pitched
out, alighting on her head. She new
er regained consciousness and died
three hours later. She was an only
child, and was about seven years of
age. The parents are almost frantic
with grief. Mrs. Trout is a cousin
of J. b. Goodman, OF this city.
Corvallis Times.
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1907-06-21

Boise. Idaho. June 21.-Though
Steve Adams was summoned from
the Rathdrum Jail as a witness for
the prosecution. cousel for the state
have decided not TO put him on the
stand for direct examination. and not
even use him in rebuttal. except in
certain contingencies. A definite
statement 10 this effect was made 20
the correspondents at noon Thurs
day by Senator Borah.
Since bringing Adams down here
conditions have materially changed. :"
said the senator. we have con-
eIuded II would be very unwise 70
are a gun loaded by our opponents,
II Adams should refuse 20 take the
oath OF take refuge behlnd the laW
making II Impossible TO force him
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1907-06-21

Gallows For A Dozen Missourians.
st. Louis, Mo-, June 21.-Unless
Governor Folk intervenes to save
their lives an even dozen men will
be hanged in Missouri during the
coming week Two of these, how
ever, are now confined in a mad
house and this will probably. opsr-
ate to save their lives. Some of the
others may be given a respite Of
thirty days, in accordance with the
usual custom in this state.
| One of the sinister novelties of the
criminal history of the state will be
the triple execution of the conviots
Ryan, Raymond and Vaughn, who
killed two prison officers November
l24, 1905, in sensational attempt
to escape from the penitentiary at
Jefferson City. After three trials
and numerous delays. the verdict of
death has been confirmed by the
state supreme court and the hanging
set for Thursday.
Among other new under sentence
OF death are the following:
John Brooks and Amaleck Brooks.
brothers. will be hung next Thursday
unless executive clemency inter-
venes. Convicted OF killing John
Clemmonds in Iron county and were
sentenced to be hanged |
April is, but were respited.
Tom Clay, a negro, sentenced to |
die Thursday at Columbia for the |
murder of another negro in a saloon
brawl.
David Long. who killed a neigh
boring Pomiscot county farmer as
the result of a quarrel about some
hogs.
William Saugh, Jr., sentenced to
hang next Thursday for killing Sher-
IN Polk, of Iron county, after long
legal battle which was carried to the
United States supreme court.
John King. a st. Louis negro,
whose sentence was affirmed by the
supreme court and the date of exc
cution set for next Thursday
Martin Paulsgrove, who slew his
sweetheart in Andrew county and
was convicted of murder in the first
degree, but who was recently de-
rlared insane and is now in the st.
Joseph asylum.
InA Il d.
also respited because of
and now confined in an asy-
um.
Daily capital journal. (Salem, Oregon) 1903-1919, 1907-06-21
Sporting Notes.

The Woodburn baseball team will
play the Trunkmakers OF Portland
here on July 4th. woodburn plays
the S. Johns team OF Portland on the
Pacific Coast League grounds at
Portland July Sd.
Hood River has Just got It's first
automobile. The horses don't take
kindly TO the new machine. which
caused three runaways the first day.
This first big match of the 1907
season of the Portland cricket club
will be part of the Fourth OF July
program, A strong team from Seat
tie will meet a picked Portland
eleven on the new British athletic
grounds near Montavilla.
Ralph Frary. who caught for Sc
attic last year. has been signed TO
umpire in the Northwest league as
successor TO Etherel.