davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Dakota farmers' leader. (Canton, S.D.) 1890-19??, 1907-07-12
Parole System for Criminals.

At the recent National Congress of
Charities and Corrections at Minneapolis
a most interesting paper was read by
Harris r.. Cooley, director of public ser
vice, division Of charities Inc corrections,
of Cleveland, Ohio. He described the
working of the parole system, which has
been greatly extended under the admin
istration of Mayor Tom johnson. Dur
ing the sig years of Mayor Johnson's
term of Office over 1000 persons have been
pardoned or paroled. 1t is the theory in
Cleveland that for a man condemned to
prison for the first time there is a psy-
Geological moment in which help can be
wisely given. To act too soon would be-
little the ~wrongdoing; to wait too long
would embitter and harden the individual
into a criminal. Only IA per cent of the
paroled men have been returned to the
house Of correction. According to the
statistics, this is less than the returns of
those who were released after working
out their entire time in prison under the
old regime. The plan has been found to
work exceptionally good in the case of
men who neglected or deserted their fam
lilies. Mr.. Cooley strongly opposed the
imposition of a fine as nm alternative to,
a term of imprisonment. He claims that
a man who tries to steal a franchise or
a canal or a million dollars is in need
of correctional treatment just as much
as the man who tries to steal a ham or
an overcoat. He stated that there was a
growing sentiment in favor of moving
penal institutions to the country, where
more of the prisoners could work in the
fields under the open sky. This has been
tried in connection with the Cleveland
house of correction and there has been
little trouble with escapes.
Dakota farmers' leader. (Canton, S.D.) 1890-19??, 1907-07-12
Bone. Of prehi.toric Bear.

Director w. J.. Holland of the Car
negie museum at p~ittsburg. after a thor
ough examination of prehistoric animals
found in a cave near Holidaysburg, Pa,
announces that the bones were those of IN
immense bear. unlike any now in exist
ence, and which must have lived 10000
years ago. The smaller bones found in
She cave, and which were supposed to
be the offspring of the bear. DR.. Holland
says are those of the mammoth's young,
which the great bear must have captured
in a raid upon the mammoth herds. Here
tofore it has been assumed that no ani-
NAL was powerful enough to prey upon
the mammoth. Besides these bones. there
were in the cave the bones of numerous
gigantic squirrels and other animals
which are now extinct. Another similar
cave has been found near Greensburg.
Pa, and it is to be dynamited.
Dakota farmers' leader. (Canton, S.D.) 1890-19??, 1907-07-12
CHINA IS
Unele Sam Makes Her a Present Of
Many Millions Of Dollars.

Many Millions of Dollars.
Through her representative in Wash
1ngton China has expressed her graft
tude toSthe United States for an ex-
hibitions of consideration not often dis
played by a strong nation toward a
weaker one. The Empress Dowager
later will personally acknowledge
China's appreciation of our generosity.
It is not often that n nation practi-
caliy makes to another a present Of
about $27, 900, 600, but that is what
President Roosevelt and Secretary loot
propose to do and the people of the
United States will agree as to the JUS
tice of the act.
In 1900 there was a sort of rebellion
In China on the part of the anti-for-
eign element. This Is known as the
Boxer outbreak. The legations were
besieged and lives and property en-
dangered- The European powers and
the United States sent soldiers and
these marched as a united army upon
Pekin, restoring peace.
Then came up the question of pun
ishment and Indemnity, for, Of course,
fhe nations could not be expected to
stand the expense Of the expedition
and suffer the wrongs of their citizens
to go unrighted. Some of the Euro
pean nations We're for slicing up China
and dividing the slices, but Uncle Sam
drowned on this and the proposition
was abandoned. An agreement was
reached on September Z, 1901, by which
China bound herself to punish the Of
tenders and to pay to the injured ma
lions the following sum:
Russia $s7,5Oo,OOO
Germany 100000
Dakota farmers' leader. (Canton, S.D.) 1890-19??, 1907-07-12
Short News Notes.

#EN&LA N.8hA4E.|4
All Of the mail carriers Of Butte,
Mont, went on strike, the men declar-
ing they could not live on $500 to $3.50
a year. the wages now paid.
A severe earthquake shock was felt at
Anglesey, England. Buildings were rock
ed, but no damage was done. Seismic
graphs IN Austria and England record
ed violent shocks at distances of from
$500 to 1900 miles.
Henry NJ. Walker, a resident Of New
Jersey, has sued Edward HI. Hartman,
the railway magnate, for 100000 dam
ages for alleged breach of contract and
conspiracy to prevent the construction of
the Portland, Nehalem & Tillamook rail-
way Of Oregon.
Dispatches state that Florencio Morales
and Bernardo Mora, the G~uatemalans
who assassinated Gen. Barrillas, expires
Ment Of Guatemala, have, after two days
trial, been sentenced to death. Mora con-
fessed that he was i~nstigated by Gen.
Lima, aid to President Cabrera Of Guate-
nala, who ave him $500 to kill Barrillas.
It Is stated that Count Won Posadow-
-aky-Wehner Of Germany, who recently
resigned q minister of the interior, has
planned an extensive foreign tour to
study ths developments In social legisla-
tdon. He will visit the United States,
France and England in his tour.
Thousands Of soldiers have been thrown
into the wine-growing provinces In the
south of France. At Narbonne, Mont
pellier and other points, three persons
we're ksksI and more than 100 soldiers
and civilians injured. while similar riots
wore rgror.cd at othes poirtr. Several
- the leaders Of the revolt wers arrested,
aDcluding Fsrroul.
Dakota farmers' leader. (Canton, S.D.) 1890-19??, 1907-07-12
53e4zH
DEARTH OF FARM LABoRERs.
Fully 10000 Of Then Are NssAsA A
New York State.

Fully 10000 Of Them Are NsoAeA IN
New York State.
Despite the establishment OF asricul-
tural colleges and the agitation for q
return to the land" there are $4,000
fewer farms in the State Of New York
at the present time than there were in
1890. And it will possibly be equally
surprising to the average city man to
learn that in spite of this decrease In
the number of farms, the shortage Of
farm laborers has grown to such dimen-s
sions that the State is advertising in II
foreign newspapers for agricultural Ia
borers.
These facts have been brought out BY
Representative Bennett, who is the chair
man of a committee appointed by Com
gress to go abroad to study the immigra-
tion question from the viewpoint of at
tracing more immigrants from the agri-
cultural countries of Europe. In addi-
ton to this, the Immigration Commis-v
sion is to make another investigation, the
scope of which will include all parts %
the country, with a view to getting at the
real facts as to the shortage of farm la
borers throughout the United States. and
by next winters session of Congress its
members hope to be in possession Of sta
tistics that will materially help to im-
prove the conditions of employing agrt-
| culturists all over the United States.
Bolton Hall, who is a missionary in
, the cause Of people taking up small farms
near the large cities and of working them
on scientific principles, says the decrease
in the number of farms in New York
State is owing to two causes. One is tho
great rise in land values near the large
cities, and the other is the creation OF
vast estates by rich men through the abb
sorption of many small farmers hold
ings. Within the last year alone, he esti-
mates. 1000 farms were sold on Long
| Island for conversion into building lota.
In the counties just north of New York
City many thousands Of acres of FARM
land have gone to make up great estates,
At the present time $4,000 farm -
borers could find employment in New
York State.
Dakota farmers' leader. (Canton, S.D.) 1890-19??, 1907-07-12
GREAT A + DUEL
Cornell Defeats Columbia Onrsmel
After Desperate Struggle.

SOTncAA DeIeutH SOlum D1a OuEsIncA
After Desperate Struggle.
In probably the greatest rowing race
ever seen in this country Cornell Uni
versity o the big intercollegiate
aquatic event over the Poughkeepsie
course on the Hudson River recently.
Columbia University made a desperate
fight for the honor and was beaten
only by three feet. The two crews
rowed side by side for four long, hard
miles and the men in both boats We're
thoroughly exhausted at the finish.
Columbia's grand showing was a big
surprise, as it was figured that the
struggle lay between Cornell and the
Annapolis crew. The avy could do no
better than third. Pennsylvania was
fourth, Wisconsin fifth and Georgetown
sixth. Syracuse did not finish, her
shell being swamped in a big swell.
The water was unusually rough and
some of the ~contenders We're badly
handicapped by their shells shipping
water.
Cornell won by a magnificent burst
of speed in the last ten strokes, the
nose of her shell just sweeping across
the finish line ahead of the New York
ers. But from the first dip of the oars
at the head of the course until the
winning Ithacans dropped their sweeps
and fell back, half ~senseless, In their
victory, not twenty-five feet separated
either shell, and at the end the Column
bans were so close up that the great
crowd on the banks thought the tri-
umph was theirs. Unusual picturesque
ness was added to the scene by the
fact that darkness closed so quickly
that the glare of the great s~earchlight
from the United States monitor Arkan-
Dakota farmers' leader. (Canton, S.D.) 1890-19??, 1907-07-12

Melon-cutting time in Wall street.
New York, is a pleasing function at
any time, but this season the divide
Is the largest in history. The July
dividend and interest payments of cor
Of $1SO,SS1 $40. July and January are
the months when the great bulk OF cor
poration profits are up for division.
The prosperity that reached such great
Roadway last year and is still under
way Is responsible for the magnificent
proportions of the July melon this
Dakota farmers' leader. (Canton, S.D.) 1890-19??, 1907-07-12
Need Of the Times.

Cardinal Gibbons, in a commencement
address at Holy Cross College, Worcester,
Mass, referring to the great need of our
times for the betterment of society, said:
What the times call for is men, sturdy
men, endowed with the courage of their
convictions. Many a soldier who fearless
ly rushed to the lannon's mouth has
quailed before the shafts of ridicule and
the shouts of popular prejudice. The man
who calmly fulflls a duty against public
clamor displays greater courage than the
captain who captures cities"
Dakota farmers' leader. (Canton, S.D.) 1890-19??, 1907-07-12
Holme. Defend. Hinself.

The motion to acquit having been Over
ruled in the trial Of Edwin s. Holmes
former assistant statistician Of the A0k
cultural Department, for sale Of crop To
ports, Holmes took the stand In his owA
defense. He directly ~contradicted the tes-
timony of Broker Van Ripper - to a.
giving Of signals to confederates ~ tho
height of his Office curtain. He said -
had no relations with Theodore Price -.
ceps to try to interest him in nrivaa1A
crop report venture.
Dakota farmers' leader. (Canton, S.D.) 1890-19??, 1907-07-12
mrs. sage. Latest GIFT.

Mrs. Russell Sage's latest benefaction
Is an endowment fund of 100000 for a
pathological institute to be run in con-
~nection with the New York city hospital
and city home on Blackwells Island. The
purpose of the institute is to inquire into
the problems Of disease, more especially
the diseases of advanced life, and the inn
aged in two Of it's largest institutions.
The institute will be organized by Drs. q.
g. and T. C. Janeway, and will be under
their direction, although it 10 expected to
be closely associated with thu department
Of charities.
Dakota farmers' leader. (Canton, S.D.) 1890-19??, 1907-07-12
NEW YORK.

Continued favorable weather conditions
have made for further crop development,
expansion in retail trade in light summer
goods, and notable stimulation of hitherto
tagging recorder business. One of the
most favorable developments of the week
has been the Improvement noted in col
~lections at many markets. The future
outlook as to prices of goods is now
having the attention of manufacturers
and wholesalers. Business failures in
the United States for the week ending
July 4 number 135, against 40 last
week, 134 in the like week of 1906. 127
in 1905, 172 in 1904 n 154 in 1903.
-Bradstreet's Commercial Report.
Dakota farmers' leader. (Canton, S.D.) 1890-19??, 1907-07-12

sas was thrown over the crews at the
finish to aid the judges in their de-
cision.
Twenty thousand people saw the
great struggle from pleasure craft, OBJ
seryation trains and various vantage
points along the course. Wisconsin was
victorious in the freshman eight-oared
event and Syracuse triumphed IN the
varsity four-oared race.
Dakota farmers' leader. (Canton, S.D.) 1890-19??, 1907-07-12

Certain Democrats in Chicago and 9TH
er parts Of the West who do not care to
accept the leadership of William j. Bryan
are now trying to organize a movement to
nominate Joseph w. Folk Of Missouri for
President and John A.. johnson Of Mime
sofa for Vice President.
Dakota farmers' leader. (Canton, S.D.) 1890-19??, 1907-07-12

Capt. Ottley. the naval British dele
gate, who is the inventor of the subma-
rine mines now generally in use, appeal
ed to The Hague conference to abolish
the anchored mine, to prohibit the use
Of those kinds liable to get adrift and to
restrict the use Of all mines to territorial
waters adjoining naval bases, with notice
when such mines are laid.
Dakota farmers' leader. (Canton, S.D.) 1890-19??, 1907-07-12

Cardinal Gibbons says that whatever
the opinion Of the French e~piscopate may
be with regard to the separation Of
church ard state. 1t would be better for
that country Il rhey could erioy the real
separation OF church and state - Il II In
this country.
Dakota farmers' leader. (Canton, S.D.) 1890-19??, 1907-07-12

....$3s3,ooo,ooe

T'H
This tremendous sum was to be paid
In annual installments, covering a per-
Tod of forty years, with interest at 4
per cent. Uncle Sans share af $685.
44O,799, by the time it was all paid,
would amount to nearly $41,OOO,OOO.
The annual revenue of the Chinese
government Is only about $~6S,0OO,OOO.
Manifestly the exaction of such an
enormous sum as agreed upon in the
protocol would be a burden upon China
not easily to be borne. President
Roosevelt and Secretary Root have re
vised our claims and find that our ac-
tual expenditures, together with inter-
est up to date, would be covered by
$14,OOO,0oO. China has already paid
rs $6.O0o,OoO, and the President and
Secretary Root propose to release
China from all further claims on pay
ment Of the balance Of 100000. This
70 in effect making China a present Of
nearly ST., 100000.
Dakota farmers' leader. (Canton, S.D.) 1890-19??, 1907-07-12

France ..................
United States ............
Great Britain ...........
Japan ..................-
Italy
Austria, Spain and Holland.
Belgium ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS.
The Montgomery advertiser., 1907-04-07
THE HEAVENS IN APRIL
Not Probable That the Earth Will Pass Through
the Tail Of Comet During the Near Future
as Has Been Claimed Recent Sun Spots.
BY PROF. DOOLITTLE,
Astronomer of the University of Pennsylvania.

In the warm. pleasant evenings
which have now come the observer will
find much that Is of interest in the
sky. The heavens are full of the beau
tiful consultations. each of which has
Its owl history and store of legends,
while within the boundaries of each
group there is a multitude of interest
ing objects whose examination with a
small telescope is a fascinating and alb
sorbihg study.
Overhead there shines out the Great
Dipyer, with its wealth of nebuIas,
double stars and clusters, and between
thit and the Lesser Bear there winds
tbs Dragon, that enormously long,
FAINT group, stretching DER half the
sly" which, because 1t never sets, was
t. the ancients an emblem of eternal
vigilance.
The star at A Is a beautiful double
IN small telescope and near it is the
little Alcor, or the Faint One, long eel
lebrated In astronomical folk lore. The
Arabs used this object as test of
ken vision, though 1t is not now very
dimcult. To the Greeks 1t was the
Lost Pleiad, who wandered here from
her sisters. but from the Germans
comes the still more beautiful legend
that this faint star is WAGNER who
in reward for charitable act forever
dives his bright chariot through the
ravens.
The Montgomery advertiser., 1907-04-07

Is to make the eggs attractive, while
in large cities clever women with deft
fingers make fortunes every year fash
ioning pretty and dainty -ovcltles TOT
the children of the very rich and wen
to do. The effect Of holidays like
Easter on the economic conditions OF
the country is marvellous.
Keeps Money In Circulation.
These holidays make people spend
money and thus serve to keep the cur
rcncy in circulation Were IL not for
Christmas and Easter a great porpor-
tion of the rendY money IN the United
States would find Itself in the knotted
corners of old handkerchiefs. in old
fruit Jars and under musty mattresses,
there to lie doing itself and Its pos
SCISSOR no good
Less than half a century ago the
toymakfng industry of America was
an insiEnificie0t one. the bulk of the
Easter novelties coming to this country
from Germany. Auctria and Switzer-
land Year by year. however. the
business has been growing until now
there are great eSta biiShmentS in
America devoted exclusively to the
manufacture of novelties for the Easter
trade. Aud here Is "A peculiar thing.
Many Of the novelties that are pop
MAR with the children of American
citics.-espccially those who live on the
Pacific coast, are made in China and
Japan and a golden stream of good
American coin flows annually across
the Pacific in exchange for the unique
and brightly Colored toys that are
purely the r-cruct OF oriental genius
Thus docs the heather orient contribute
to the Joy of the Christian holiday.
And talking of Easter toys has it
occurred to You that the Bunny has
been dislodEed from his proud cminonce
of Castor superiority?
"What is your best selling castor
toy vas asked of shopman in a
prominent city.
And what said he. think VOL? Not
the bunny. nor yet the colored egg.
nor the sugar egg nor the chocolate
egg nor the feathery hen nor tho old
fashioned Easter nest. What then?
The Roosevelt bear"
Next In popularity. he said, came toy
automobiles, made either " pasty pas
The Montgomery advertiser., 1907-04-07

In Chronic Nasal Catarrh, it is well to
cleanse the passages two or three times
day with DIR. Sage's Catsrrh Remedy
fluid. while persisting In the use Of the
"Goiden Medical Discovery for It's blood
cleansing and specific curative effects
upon the diseased mucous membranes. II
VIII cure very large per cent. OF all cases,
even after they have reached the ulcera.
tive, or chronic stage, and no matter 81
hotp nldnu pedrs' standing they may BE-.
1t is equally efficacious In affections OF the
mucous lining OF the larynx, bronchia and
respiratory organs In general, thus curing
bronchitis, laryngitis and other affections
giving rise to obstinate, hang coughs.
It is not so good in acute coughs following
sudden colds, Us in the lingering, chronic
coughs. Nor must tho "Golden Medical
Discovery be ex pected TO work miracles.
1t will not cure consumption ~ Its
advanced stages-no medicine VIII DO
that, but for all obstinate hang-on-coughs
due to laryngial or bronchial irritation
and kindred affections, Of the throat
which, IL neglected or badly treated, are
likely to lead up TO consumption, the
Discovery "can be relied upon TO produce
the best curative results.
The Golden Medical Discovery Is,
from its tonic and specific curative con-
troll over mucous surfaces, especially
efflcacious In curing indigestion. dyspep-
sla, weak stomach and Liver Complaint
or biliousness. Even liberation of the
stomach and bowels has in thousands Of
cases been cured by it; also obstinate
chronic diarrhea.
In addition to oil the foregoing, not the
least valuable of the marvelously effica-
cious properties possessed by the NDiscov.
cry" Is the unequaled regulating and
strengthening effect exerted by it over the
hearts action. lthas made some wonder.
full cures of very pronounced valvular and
other affections OF that organ.
The reason whv Golden Medical Dis
covery" cures 50 wide range Of diseases
is made plain In booklet sent free on
request mailed to DIR. r. V. Pierce, Buffalo,
N. Y. If interested, send for 1t.
The powerful Alternative or blood purify.
ing properties possessed by the ~Discov-
cry will naturally suggest its use for the
cure Of blotches, pimples, eruptlons: as
eczema, salt-rheum, and other skin affec-
tions In all OF which 1t has made remark
able cures; also in scrofulous sores and old,
open ulcers, or eating sores. To heal the
latter. use Or. Pierce's ALI Healing Salve
as local application, while taking the
eGolden Medical Discovery" to correct
the blood and cleanse the system. box
will be mailed to any address on receipt Of
fifty -four cents In stamps. II your drug
gist don't have it In stock, address DR..
Pierce. as above.
The Montgomery advertiser., 1907-04-07

points marked T. v, X and Of Fig.
The Recent Sun Spots.
1t Is we'll known that our sun is an
immense ball, so intensely hot that at
its surface any known substance would
not only be melted but instantly va
porized. Therefore. the whole globe.
more than $4,000 miles through, Is in
a gaseous condition, a mass of hot
dense gases which stream and surge
through the interior in inconceivably
violent agitation. There is nothing
solid about this great body. The sur
face which we see Is only the compar-
atively cool outer layer and yet the
temperature of this surface is not far
from $4,000 degrees Fahrenheit To
what uncomfortable heights the heat of
the interior rises we can only specu
late. In telescope the outer surface
is seen to have a graduated appear
ance as II made up of innumerable
luminous clouds floating in the sur
rounding intensely hot gases.
There are, therefore, masses of in
tensely hot material always streaming
outward from the centre, which, as
they reach the surface become cooler
and denser and then rush toward the
centre again. Sometimes they are seen
to again shoot outward from the sun
with explosive violence, moving some-
times even 200 miles a second. BY
such outbursts the pressure from be-
low Is relieved and the cooler surface
material sinks at the points of least
pressure This down rush of cooler