davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1907-02-24
RELIGIOUS FESTIVALS.
Moslems Haze Many Which They
Scrupul0uSly Observe.

Written from Constantinope The Tribune by Hugh
Z. POINTER. Of Sir Edward POINTER, president
OF the British Royal Academy.
IN view Of the widespread attention which is
now being paid by the European press to the
present revival Of the Pan-Islamic movement. 1t
may be OF interest to those following the ques-
ton TO know what the festivals. both re-
Iigious and national. Of this widespread religion
q religion which is extending in certain parts Of
the world throughout Africa especially. with
rapidly hardly surpassed by the great Chris
tIan Church itself.
The religious festivals observed by the Sunni.
or orthodox Moslems. who comprise the Turks,
Arabs and Afghans. are those Of Rama
zan Bairam and Courban Bairam. The
Shiite MosIems. who regarded as here
ties by the Sunnis., have. however. always
been in the habit Of celebrating another festi-
val, which although national in its origin. has
become In the course OF centuries and by
adaptation TO Moslem ideas clothed with 4
ligious character. This is the festival OF the
NovrOuz.
In addition TO the three above mentioned fes-
rivals. the Shites, who include the Perslans and
certain Indian sects among their number, OBJ
serve on the 10Th day OF Mouharran. the first
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1907-02-24
FOR SULTAN
Career of RansfOrd d. Buchanan. q
Worcester Bon.

Worcester. Mass. Feb 23-After a var,a5 49,.
"Rancy'' Buchanan. formerly OF this cf+y 80 :
neAew OF Mrs. y. NJ. Dunkerton. Of No. Is IJ,co,s
street. IS now naval adviser to the Sultan a. To-
key. and tho fleet OF which he is admiral 49,.
the Bosporus and the DardaneIIss
KNOWLEDGE OF his attainment Of this high position
has recently been received by Mrs TT,I1s-s" $500
While 10 was resident OF Worcester ba -.
known as Captain Ransford D. Bucknam ~.
father was lost at sea, and when a lad ~. 80.
was taken IN hand by his grandparents. Mr. az
Mrs John buchanan After receiving a good sdu.
cation he had the choice OF going 10 sea to vybIc,
his bOyish ideas and hereditary i1clnatioDs la -
OF remaining on a farm. He chose the sea brt
first went 10 Duluth and gained experience with a
Captain Elliot on a schooner plying on the Gr.s,
Lakes.
From cabin boy at sixteen tc admiral az ror+v q,
hts record He included mechanical and elArt-i-sI
engineering In his study OF navigation. BIS sr-s
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1907-02-24
STARVING cHiNAmEN cLAMoRNo FOR FOOD At RELIEF
STATION.
small portion porridss In every t"eny'fouF h0u'

month of the Moslem year. certain religious
ceremonies called Achoura, which preceded
by a series of sacred conferences called Taazia.
The Parsees. who Kept the old Persian religion
OF FIRE worship alive in India after IT was sup
planted IN Persia by Islam at the time of the
Arab conquest IN the seventh century, also
observe the festival Of the Movrouz
These are the chief festivals OF the Mahom-
Inetan faith, but before dealing with them at
greater length It should be added that certain
days and nights. chiefly connected with events
In the life of the Prophet are considered holy
and are devoted especially 20 prayer and the
Illumination Of the mosques; they are closely
connected with similar events celebrated by
the Christian Church. for they represent the
conception, the birth, the ascension and the
sanctifcauon OF the Prophet Mahomet. Fri
days and the days Of the months of Ramazan.
or OF fasting, are also observed as holidays.
The hottest night of the year Is the 9th night
OF Ramazan, called Leile-Kadr. or the Night
OF Power on this night, it is believed,
for q single moment the heavens opened,
the waters of the turn sweet and every
thing in nature. animate and nanimate. wor-
ships God.
The month OF Ramazan IS period OF strict
fasting from sunrise to sunset. and OF feasting
from sunset to sunrise. Eating. drinking and
smoking are all forbidden and although this
custom at the present time Is not carried out
with absolute strctness it IS observed TO
considerable extent. and work is more or less
suspended throughout the Moslem world.
When this month falls in summer, as 1t does
about every thirty years. for the M0slem year
is a lunar one. # entails great hardship on all
who strictly observe the fast. During this
month all the itnerant vendors OF food and
drink disappear from the streets. and sellers
OF Tesbis take their place These Tesbis,
chaplets OF ninetv-nine beads, represent ninety
nine attributes OF Allah and serve as an OPP
portunity for mechanically repeating the praise
OF God and FOR giving employment TO restless
fingers which during the remainder OF the
year would be occupied by a cigarette.
The evening meal which breaks the days fast
-iftar. as It IS Caled--is celebrated by all with
as much lavishness and display as means VIII
allow It IS de rigueur TO entertain and be en-
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1907-02-24

binary. The fact is. the young Corean. who has
been sitting on his heels for centuries, in self
satisfied idleness, and an ignorance inconcelvable
TO a Westerner. is being rudely awakened He Is
beginning TO realize that his head and his hands
must be trained, and that he must learn how TO
hustle. SO the educa ted classes Of the Y. NJ c. A.
which are chiefly industrial and commercial are
oVercrowded' the enrolment being $685. with the
present inadequate equipment
An Illustration Of the practical bent of the assoc
cations methods 10 found In the fact that It is
teaching plumbing, u prepare young Coreans for
places as soon as the new city water system
Is established. Twice week lectures which might
be styled general information" are given to audi
ences Of more than thousand men, hundreds be-
ing commonly turned Fvay. This Y NJ C.
really stands for civilization to the behind-the-
times youth. II Is even teaching them how to
their bodies IN physical exercise and snort
TEAM WORK BY DENOMINATIONS
While America IS writing articles about church
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1907-02-24

tertained during the nights OF Ramazan. The
order Of living is reversed. Night becomes day.
The karaguez. or puppet show. appears in the
streets, mosque and mnaret are outlined with
myriads Of lights. Streets which are quiet
eleven months of the year are disturbed by the
rumbling Of carriages. and the faithful are
drummed up hour before sunrise IN order
that they may partake of sufficient food to carry
them through the day till the sunset gun breaks
their fast
At the end Of the month Of Ramazan Is cele-
brated. the festival OF Bairam, Ramazan Bairam
Of Sheker BalTam. as ii is called This festival
is common to all Moslems OF whatever sect. It
lasts three days, and every Mussulman Is given
over TO visiting teasting, exchanging innumef-
able gifts OF SWeetmeatS and 10 amusenents
such wrestling and horse racing the latter
Of a different description to horse racing in the
reception of all the high functionaries of his
capital on the morning OF the first day. A salvo
OF twenty guns is fired at each hour or
prayer. of which there are five daily, as sign
OF rejoicing
This festival dates from the founding OF Islam
and IS regarded a period OF relaxation and
rejoicing after the long and trying month OF
seventy DAVIS after the Ramazan BaIram
comes the feast Of Courban BaIram. lasting four
days the most important festival Of the year.
IT this time visits are exchanged receptions
ram is sacrificed by the head Of every house
hold. This ceremony IS an adaptation of the
Jewish custom of a sacrifice IN Cummcmorati0n
of the ram sent 90 Abraham. In Olden days
the Sultan himself killed a ram, but now he
only lays a knife on its throat and II is killed
for him, but all who afford 20 purchase a
sheep do SO. the very poor alone being exempt.
Islam might be taxed with purely and simply
following Jewish tradition were Il not for the
fact that this festival corresponds with the
period or the Hudj or pilgrimage % the holy
places o. Mecca and Medina" The Koran en-
cages every Mahometan who IS in possession
OF certain fortune 10 make the pilgrimage 10
in fF.ff
Hadjb or Pilgrim, a title which gives the bearer
a purely religious distinction among his fellow
MosclWS Pilgrims To the number OF from 50
N0O % 10000 Prom all parts of the world and
or all the different seCts unite al this season az
Mecca 70 perform the ceremonies imposed by
their faith, TO exchange opinions and 10 re- W
the relationship of the Mahometan brotherhood
HE FESTIVAL Of the NovrouZ. vernal equl-
n"N Is an institution Of extremely ancient origin
IN Persia which has resisted MI Moselin influ-
eice RMS feast was instituted by Shah Diem
shld' who, according 70 Iranian legend was the
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1907-02-24

might serve for food fuel In the camps ono
sees people eating mixture OF cooked leaves
grass and twigs with little cereal and rice
THE horrors Of the filth prevailing are unspeak-
able At present there is bright sunshine but II IS
intensely cold at night. All the pools are frozen
The officials are trying TO persuade the people 70
return homo; many are doing SO. but many more
are arriving The roads are thronged With the Two
streams Of traflc and the scene is often indescro
able One hundred thousand men are aosoiutely
idle. Many clamoring for work. but no one ~
doing any. No attempt is being made 70 repair
the roads. which in terrible coIiultIoL ttuI
10 make bitches or drains. AZ yet no crops are
GROWING as the foods have not yet dried up SUI
hciently TO admit Of tillage In an ordinary year
the country her about would at this season De green
with growing wheat It is now as bare as 'he pam
Of hand
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1907-02-24

rise was 20 mate on a lake schooner. Later IA
went 10 Boston and shipped for a number % years
on one OF Peabodys Australian packets, plying be-
tween this country and the Orient lie was ones
shipwrecked on the north coast oc Australia,
worked his way 70 Iloilo in tina Philippines. then
20 Hong Kong and finally hack 70 Worcester
Then he returned 10 the Great Lakes, and John
p. Rockefeller who sailed with Captain Buchanan
from OgdersburE y. Y, 90 Duluth. with his fam
!Iv liked his work and offered him command %
tie first Of the whaishaCk steamers Just building
az the time buchanan was then known as "ths
I'D Captain" lie accepted Mr.. Rockefsllers Offer
and became master OF the Joseph L. Colby. His
d-st trip on her from the Great Lakes % the At
lantic was exploited far and wide.
tie then went into the service ~ the Crarap Con-
strucl.on Company and took battleshiQ % Con-
stautIuopie after Its completion II Philadelphia
Buchanan remained there several months traiEinE
the sultan's men Abdul Hamid offered him vice
admiralty AID be returned 20 America 70 look after
some business interests before accepting He went
20 san Francisco and married Mss Rose Thayer
and then to CoIstartino9Ie. He has now bSsu
r. AIDE an admiral.
He speaks several Languages, but has remained
an American at heart, BE holds many patents on
navigating Instruments now I'm use. among these
ships compass which traces the course OF ship
in ink on q chart.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1907-02-24
YOUNG WOMAN WITH NERVE

\ great deal OF religious work in the surrounding
country centres in Seoul. From this point many OF
the missionaries who reside here so out on their
itinerating trips II is seldom possible n find al,
the missionaries at home at once. A newsDa Der
page could he filled with stories OF the experiences
or the itinerating missionaries
AT Mite dinner party In Seoul CHANGED 10 be
seated alongside of a charmingIy dressed vourg
American woman. Ap-opos of nv tale OF rtlfp,
o%%SlSEe hours to Pyeng Yang In zero weather i'm
aoSoIutey uhheated cars, she told how before tba
AWAY was running she once started to come down
aID. EiiehS Yang To- Seoul, IN Corean sampan
ulIcu win natives. There only one room No
Sleepirg acGommodatlons. and no privacy The boat
was scheouIed 10 leave at noon; by q wild rush ~
MISSIONARY arrived In time, and there she had 10
stay until o'clock the next evening expecting the
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1907-02-24
CANADIAN DOCTORS KING.

With the situation throughout Corea previous
articles have dealt; this final has 10 do with
some OF the outstanding works and marks Of mis-
sons in the capital itself. In Seoul il Is noteworthy
that tho missionaries constitute the dominant
Anglo-Saxon community. There at this capital
more missionaries than ali other white foreigners
combined. Because Of their homOgeneousness, as
We'll because of their activity long residence,
they are the best known TO the Coreans. While
set. and business set in other capitals they
rank after the missionary set and, IN fact are in
more intimate relations with It than usual
missionary physician is the doctor of the white
community He IS Dr. o. r. Avison. head OF the
Severance Memorial Hospital which IS spoken OF
IN Seoul as the hospital though the Methodists
also conduct busy and successful hospital here
There is no lack OF work for the medical mission
nry IN Corea. The Severance Hospital which is
the gift OF Louis y. Severance, a well known
Presbyterian Iayman OF Cleveland is built and
equipped on the lines OF u hrst-cass American
hospital. Its patients include the best people n
Seoul, and DR.. Av.son Is physician 10 his majesty
Conspicuous among the religious enterprises oe
Seoul IS the Young Mems Christian Association
which Is Ak present housed in little old Corean
buildings. but watch is about TO break ground far
the erection Of modern structure the gft Of John
Nanain1lser. OF Philadelphia. The association has
eight hundred members. including more than fifty
members Of the highest rank of Corean nobility
The Emperor's nephew teaches A Bible class iv
the association, Twice the Emperor has civon suf
scriptiors 10 the organization and the Japa7esa
coEt:nTe 70 give. from tho Corean funds an apr,o1
subscription 81 $500
TIE avidtty with wiacI4 Corean youne mon turn
70 the :. NJ & 4. would indicate. even 20 a super
hcial observe, that conditions here are extraor-
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1907-02-24
USEFUL SLOT METERS.
They Haze Proceed a Boon to Thou
sands of the Poor.

Probably not one person in thousand. even or
that huge army that uses them daily. has any IDEA
OF the saving in hours the prepayment meters mean
10 the mechanic There upward OF l25o0 OF Iusss
meters IN use Manhattan Island. and each oAs
Of these meters saves workIngIuan at leaSt .
half hour every working day.
That being SO. something like eight years Is saved
every day In the time o: the great army OF working
people. This saving OF time is accounted for IN ths
reasonable manner Were It not for the prepayunens
meter and the gas connection the head Of the houss
would not be able q jump out OF bed. don his
clothing and by striking match have his not
plate" ready in instant to cook his mornlns
meal The half hour saved TO him he would otier-
wise be usius for but FOR preparing an Old
coal range for cooking purposes He might use
even more time II the chimney did not draw prop
erIy.
In the systematic household the workers family
sees to It that 25-cent coin is dropped into the
meter every Saturday night. and the dropping OF
that one coin Suhces. rule, Tor weeks supply
OF light and fuel the average monthly cost for sas
running 10 about 81 with this class OF oRsUuieF'
The prepayment meter is found principally in vihs
places where the rents are low. They are not IN
stalled where there are 10 be less than ten or ~
teen used
The prepayment meter made &c possible for the
gas companies 10 DO away with the depostns OK
s. or 50 as security for the payment OF gas bills
Thousands Of them in use IN chinatown. ana
the chop suey dispenser and the IaaaIryuiln ap-
preciato their value.
In the dwellings, owned or operated 10y the city
and Suburban Homes Company IN New -YcfL there
are 2.I+0 prepayment meters in use. In @he building
In Tenth avenue, between 4st and I'D rs, there
are olS First avenue, between 64th and 65th sreetA
So Avenue A. between 18th land Tgt4i streets 80
tho remainder being scattered among that cam
pany'S other edihCes.
II IS difficult for the OF old fashioned
tsnene ntS IN New York to rent apartments WneIs
the use or Sos Is not possible. The OF 'hSI
plate - universal among large number " weiA-
lhE people who cannot afford the luxury OF q 50
range In many odd corners OF the city are. tns
prepayment meter aud the 'hOJ plate" % Se foul
II Tor no other reason than because those IN VeIS
moderate circumstances are able To got gas wtho.-
mahla deposit the prepayment meter has uesIi
= boon TO thousands OF families IN ionGea;, "a. a.
Itot the Gasiight and Coke COmO11V bad -V-'oSN
or these mechanical devices lu our,ation and 9"
January J. 1897. the number had Increased 20 ~
4aS IN the same city the South Metropolitan Sos.
ponE had In 1905 in operation - ~. while en JAZZ
ary last there 1854 slot ll9r'rs IN -
IN London the companies make On extra chafSs.ss y.
who use these meters. This Is nos Nv
GaS1e In New York.-GaS Logic
Dakota farmers' leader. (Canton, S.D.) 1890-19??, 1907-11-29
HALE A MILLION A DAY.
That Is the Amount Which Chicago
Puts Into Stimulants.

Chicago's consumption of stimulants ia
amazing, according to n correspondent.
The money spent in saloons alone totals
up between $120,C0O,000 and $13O,O0O.-
600 annually. At least S1O,00O,000 more
is spent for stimulating drugs in the 900
drug stores in the city.
If tobacco can be classed as a stimu-
liant it may be said hat there are between
$4,000 and 10000 places in the city
where cigars and tobacco are sold. Proba-
bly, $1,000 per day is not an exagger-
atcd estimate for Chicago's smoking bill.
At the lowest estimate, taking alcoholic
beverages, tobaccos, and all manner OF
drugs into account, it is impossible to fig
urc that Chicago spends less h $780,
coo per day on stimulants of various
kinds, and the chance are the amount IS
considerably higher.
OF his enormous sum, how much does
the worker spend? Fully rs per cent, If
all business men, officers of corporations,
and all men who work with hand or brain,
are included. But for the worker, the
s~aloonkeepers themselves say, they would
have to close up shop in a few days. The
remaining % per cent of the $oOO,oOo
must be set aside between women who
lead domestic lives and non-workers of all
kinds. Women perhaps are the heaviest
of all users of drugs.
Dakota farmers' leader. (Canton, S.D.) 1890-19??, 1907-11-29
CONSERVE NATURES WEALTH
President to Confer with Governors
Of States and congressman.

President to Confer with Governors
Of States and congressman.
President Roosevelt has invited the
Governors Of all the States and Terri
tories to meet him at the White House
on May 10, IA and Is next, to discuss
the question of means to conserve the
natural of the country. In
yitations also are to be extended to
the members of both houses Of Con-
gress and to the Inland Waterways
Commission. The Importance and man
ner in which the subject is to be con-
sidered are indicated in the Presidents
letter to the Governors. The letter
says:
Recently I declared there is no other
question now before the nation OF equal
gravity with the question of the conserva-
ton Of our natural resources and l added
that it is the plain duty of those of us
who, for the moment. are responsible to
take inventory of the natural resources
which have been handed down to us, to
forecast the needs of the future and so
handle the great sources of our prosperity
as not to destroy in advance all hope of
the prosperity of our descendants.
1t is evident the abundant natural re-
sources O which the welfare of this ma
ton rests are becoming depleted, and, in
not a few cases, are almost exhausted.
This is true of all portions of the United
States it is especially true Of the longer
settled communities of the east.
The gravity of the situation must, I be-
lieve, appeal with special force to the
Governors of the States, because of their
close relations to the people and the re-
sponsibility for the welfare of their COM
munities. I have, therefore, decided, in
accordance with the suggestion of the in
lam waterways commission, to ask the
Governors of the States and territories to
meet me at the White House on May 10.
IA and Is to confer with the President
and with each other upon the conserva-
ton of natural resources.
1t gives me great pleasure to invite yen
to take part in this conference. I should
be glad to have you select three citizens
to accompany you and to attend the con-
ference as your assistants or advisers. (
shall also invite the Senators and Repre-
sentatives of the Sixtieth Congress to be
present at the sessions so far as their du-
ties will permit.
Dakota farmers' leader. (Canton, S.D.) 1890-19??, 1907-11-29
TREES FOR CHRISTMAS.
Small Army of Workmen Already
. Cutting in Maine Woods.

Small Army Of Workmen Already
d. Cutting in Maine Woods.
The work of cutting Christmas trees
in Maine for the rest of the country
has begun. Nearly 100000 trees ere
in demand annually. and in that State
the Christmas tree trade has become an
industry of the first Importance. Work
men have just begun to go into the
woods to cut them. Throughout Knox,
Lincoln and S%agadahoc counties, as
well as all counties in the northern
section of the State, the work Of Sc
lecting and cutting began this week.
There is an art in raising Christ
mas trees. One Of the principal fea-
lures is to have them grow evenly, for
a crooked Christmas tree cannot be
given away. Therefore they must be
packed reaching up, yet far enough
apart not to be dwarfed, and this is
the secret of raising the Christmas
tree. A Christmas tree takes five years
to grow. The woodsman who raises
them can count upon going over the
same strip of land once every five
years.
Dakota farmers' leader. (Canton, S.D.) 1890-19??, 1907-11-29
FEATURES OF NEW
GOVERNMENT LOANS.


FahahaR Canal Bonds.
Aotai issue $50 600. 900
Dated Aug. !, 1906, and to run 80
years.
Redeemable after ten years from date,
Principal and interest at = per cent.
payable in gold coin.
Denominations, $50. 500 and $1,000 in
coupon bonds. and $50, 500, ST, 600 and
$1,000 in registered bonds.
All citizens are given equal opportu-
nifty to subscribe.
Bidders offering highest prices will be
given the first allotment.
When two or more bidders offer the
same price those asking the smaller
amounts will receive preference.
All bids must be submitted on or be-
fore Nov. so, 1907.
Certificates of Indebtedness.
lotal S1O,OOO,0OO
Denomination, $50, with interest at 3
per cent.
Payable on and after Nov. 20, 1908.
Subscriptions will be received by the
Secretary Of the Treasury, or through the
United States Treasurer or assistant
treasurers.
Subscribers to whom allotments are
made should pay into the nearest sub
treasury on or before Dec. /, 1907, the
face value Of the certificates taken with
accrued interest from Nov. 20.