davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening journal., 1907-03-06

actlee what ze Compasnie she want TO
give. VOLTA" He shrugged his shoulders
helplcssly
"How would this motto suit the II. b. G.,
Mon Pcre? Sans peur Ct sans honneurE
n asked.
He laughed. "Sssh not so loud, non,
roni Doucementi In zey old days man
would nevaire come back from Ia ioret II
he say so. like Eat!
''Vovons Mons cur" he continued, in a
moment 'you are interest in les lndiens'
yesg"
Very much so.'
''Blen. I tell TO you a storee:-When /
was teachaire OF school .at Tongue Lac
Gotoher IS le facteur zere-l notice how
voree. veree thin and poor ze children
were, all one day 1 say 10 zem. Go and
get your dinaircs: am going TO eat mine
Pretty quick I come out from re house
and zere de children are yet. Why you no
go?' oh. zey say. re compagnie she
give us eat zis morning, we get no more
tin tomorrow morning. I was enrage!
make inQiree and ind out zat each day
a leetle. leetle piece pork and a leetle bread
lis given to each famile, and II was not
enough for ze man alone; but II had 20
suffice for some times seek, eight people. %
Pere Dugats told many tales Of how the
indians we're dying in ranks by oonsump-
ton because OF lack OF proper nourish-
ln,ent, and OF the Honorable Hudson Bay
company's eternal grinding them into ser
Witty.
That the reader may understand clearly
how tsi- Is done detail j. Wieiiy.-
Evening journal., 1907-03-06
INDIANS

take zone way" out of that Indian far Off
IN the forests by forcing him 20 sell 90
them az their prices. But I shall mention
this in more detail later.
As the sun climbed slowly into mid
heaven the heat Increased until the camp
ing ground was as an oven; yet groups
OF bucks and squaws crouched on their
knees. apparently needless OF the glare.
waiting their turn I'm the house.
The types of faces were markedly diff
fCrent. Here was the heavy, thick face
Ion the Cree. there the longer and more
delicate features OF the Oiioway. Few OF
the women were pretty; these Indians are
not of Longfelicws iiowatha type. They
are fairly clean. and the long black hair,
falling n rigid lines about tncir faccs,
literally shines with grease. I'M contfnsi
Go the hrOuze-red faces were brightly col-
ored handkerchiefs that encircled many
forehcads and thrOats. These include
everything from the factory stamped cot
ton things 90 the silk ones OF rainbow hues
and startling patterns. Sometimes an
eagle or hawk feather IS added I'M The
hair and adds a most picturesque touch
Go the whole.
At noon the payment was finished. ant
the trading began. ] watched the old Gus
tom with easeincss. one couple in partic-
uiar attracted my attention. ana l fol.
lowed them from traders 10 traders. The
sQuaWs name was Wa-ba-boos (White
RabbD, and the bucks As-sn-ao tNe'
sl1ucl She VAS ABSOLUTELY blind They
were OF The lucky Few ihaI had nttls
money left after their debt was paid, and
30 uue Indian fa~'yon, We're eager " have
Evening journal., 1907-03-06
Seaweed Ashes.

-HE annual income in Norway from
seaWeed ashes amounts TO about Sl07,-
200. but It can be doubled. Every
fisherman knows the difference be-
tween alga and tang. Only the former can
be used as raw material for the iodine and
worthless. But Of the different kinds of
alga, It Is immaterial, or nearly so,
whether one makes use Of the large,
strong stalks or the broad leaved kind;
when the weed is carefully handled, one
can secure an excellent product. II tang
is burned with alga the value is decreased
considerably, and all such wares should
be refused. 1t is defrauding the pur-
chasers, who might as well buy wood for
coal ashes as those burned from tang.
This has not been clear to the producers,
which Is only natural when 1t Is remem-
bered that there have not hitherto been
produced sufficient ashes to supply the de-
mand, and the product, therefore. has
been partly bought without criticism by
the manufacturers.
Besides being mixed with tang" the
ashes are often found TO be adulterated
by sand and stone. Alga ashes are also
of little value when decayed or rotten
weed is used, or when the weed has been
too long exposed 10 rain before dried, or
when the fire is extinguished by salt
water. The best product Is obtained. as a
rule. from the cut weed, but weed that is
washed ashore is often very good, espe-
tially early in the year, say in April and
May.
The weed must be fresh dried and burned
on rocky ground. Should ii rain the weed
must be gathered IN a heap and covered.
Along with the dry weed must be placed
some that is damp. to prevent the fire from
breaking through, 50 that no more air IL
adrnikted than necessary 10 promote the
carbonizatch. The burning should take
place on rocky ground. &c that the ashes
gravel
Evening journal., 1907-03-06

I Taking advantage Of the Indians i'm
lpracticability and his characteristic pow
ierlessness to "save" anything the com
pany goes ahead on the following rOu-
une:-An Indian comes 20 the store at, let
us say. the Hudson Bay Company post
Nipigon House. The clerk in charge Is
/ a ScOtchman-DOnald MurchisOn. The In
| dian wants "deht"-that is to say. credit
| for some supplies. These are given him If
/ he Is considered a good enough trapper
/ 10 be able the following winter to turn in
at least 100 per cent more in the value OF
furs than is the value Of what he buys
/ Need does not enter into the transaction
a. all. The Indian stands then on the COM
lpanys books The next winter he traps
and takes the fur 90 Nipigon House In pay
ment of his debt" The clerk accepts
these at the companys prices and credits
the lnaian. Rarely, however, do the two
accounts match then the company coll
llects what is stln due it from the In
dams government money. Prices are
about as follows
Large mink, Sf25; medium mink, 70 cents;
small mink, so cents; large beaver -four to
five pounds, 81; medium beaver, $3.50:
small beaver, $3.50; weasel and ermlne, 25
TO 80 cents; fisher, $3.50 TO $3.50, large bear
very large). 81 to s.; large otter. $40 to S12.
large marten (stone and brown). $3.50 to 81.
In comparison TO these give a few food
prices; Sugar, % cents a pound: flour
varies sometimes as high as Sl4 a barrel;
Tea C5ad). s. a pound
Il will readily be seen, then. that the
company makes the prices both ways. The
method Used to force the Indian to comply
is this;-The company says to the Indian:-
IF you sell fur to any one but us, we will
not let You have any debt next summer,
and you will starve."
| THE MERClLESS GAME.
The Indian knows that this is true. for.
although there are many free traders edg-
ing their way into the Hudson Bay Com
panys territory. and these are willing TO
lpay more than the latter still these men
are not zen evidence" in summer, when the
Indian has no furs to sell and wants food.
Therefore he has to stick by the company
or starve.
The Honorable Hudson Bay Company
b lbuilded better than it knew when ii
! originally tOok in Scotchmen as factors
J and clerks in charge. To white men
! visitors, like myself-they are all politeness
and courtesy; to the red men they are
, hard hearted shrewd, merciless Traders
, and to the company honest. astonishinglv
! So for the chance OF graft and fur stealing
: is great and easy one. The companv's
/ employees have but two ambitions. one Is
Il TO get every possible cent out of the In
/ dians; the other Is 10 beat the neigh
boring post in the yearly returns. thus get
d ting nearer promotion. Between these Two
. in some cases, almost fanatical zeals the
y indians are squeezed and buffeted nicely.
After luncheon the trading went on
steadily. / notices among the long rows
\ of faces many sunken checks, enaciated
bodies. and heard the short, s.-s cough
OF the Indian peril consumption
J they could only have tons or cod liver
ion" ! sugges1 "a 10 '>e priest
Evening journal., 1907-03-06
HUDSON BAY CONGRANJXS 2EGIRGE

7 wandered away and walked down one
or the many winter trapping paths. The
violin came fainter and fainter untn 10 was
gone and ] was alone in the craven black
forest Mosquitoes were few and I iin-
gered among the stalwart trunks. listening
TO the creeping OF night animals through
the underbrush. while a glorious full moon
shone mystcally athwart the labyrinth Of
branches.
When I crawled into my sleeping bai
inc hddle still rasped and the soft feet
shuhled on.
"ogamal ogamal CchioO Tain get upr
Jimmy Shoe tugged al my arm.
The morning was chill and invigorating.
but rs took my dip in the river a
scorching sun crept into view -forerunner
of another broillng day ln the wilderness.
The Indians We're an up and about. bus
lly preparing for this one really wonder
iul event I'm their ycarAthe sight and
possession OF money. The Honorable IIud-
son Bay Company trading tent was set
up close 10 the dance house 0n which pay
ment is madel; further on We're the little
traders lean-tos of McKirdy from Nipi-
gon Station ton the G. r. r.; this QUITE
was superintendent by Chief Wananod of
The Red Rock tribes a half breed specu-
lator from Savanne, 120 miles away. ana
others OF lesser degree but OF no less Inn
poriance Ia this "chaste" wilderness.
PAY DAY.
At seven o'clock Pero pugats and BONN
had their breakfast with me and then
started In on their dutes-the priest act
Ing Interpreter and umpire, as the agent
understood neither the Indians language
nor their peouliarlties. BY permission
sat with them and listened, enrrossed In
the fascination of seeing these forest peo-
pie that come from as far as three hun-
drcd miles in the Interior by canoe. with
their families To draw the Robinson treaty
money
"BergiS quisence bergik quiwiwlsence,
Dergik mini, hergik eqwe2' zone girl. one
boy ond man, one womanD The Father
asked.
"Anh-haw Ye2 was the cultural
answer, and the agent paid out SIG 10 the
tall, 1.-THE Indian that stood waiting
"Mlquctch.N CrhanksD He moved aside
10 give room TO poor old squaw She
drcw her treaty ticket from a much worn
leather bag round her neck
Wa wash-ke-si' CRed Deer, the Father
read -Nlpgon'-to help tile agent
locate the name on his books
Two men. one girl, ono woman"
The old sQuaw painfully and slowly told
howher "inini' Cman) was dying because OF
privaton the winter before and of how the
girl, her daughter had hurt herself carry
ing load and finally how she had come
/ alone over a hundred miles TO get the
money for them all pitful story. hui
one very common in Northern terrtory
Rcd Deer also told that her son, the Other
"inini' ON the books, had been drowned hy
falling through the ice when trapping
Bonin paid her Sl2
AS the hours sped on the Indians alod
I in got their money and silently passed out
into the shimmering heat There. within
( four feet OF the door, Aldrlch, clerk and
Evening journal., 1907-03-06
THE FALLEN RACE.

The chiefs figure was very tan and stall
wart: his black eyes were very keen; each
limb showed great individual power. When
he walked his moccasined feet made no
sound in the short grass Of the camping
place He was a rare specimen Of a fast
dying race; one that used to own the for-
ests and the beasts therein, and rule it,
but who are now servants and slaves on
their erstwhile domain. With It all. Wig
wass' smile is full Of sincere pleasure, and
when I gave him some tobacco his 'mig-
uetch" 0hanks) was deep throated, thrill
ing with wild life. though he sees his race
ldegenerating. falling around him day by
day. And I saw the contempt in his eyes
as he watched the quarrels that filled the
air about the traders. He bought nothing.
sold nothing. save in the winter. He did
not want the white man, nor the white
mans God; all he asks is justice and free-
dom.
Throughout the long reelSing afternoon
the Indians parted with their money for
useless kniclSknacks and gaudy trifes,
while the dogs fought and bickered and
the squaws chanted weirdly to their pa
pooses.
At last the day was over payment
thing of the past. Tomorrow the camp
viii be deserted, for the Indians will to-
night
Fold theiF tents like the Arabs.
Aud as silently steal away.
Mournfully the long howls of the dogs,
with heads thrown toward the moon, rise,
cadence and die away out there-some-
where over the motlonless pine and vir.
The light OF the night sun (as the Indians
call it, Te-bec-te-ge-sis) comes beam by
BEAM silvering the river. shining cold and
strong on the tepees. All is quiet for
moment Here and there were embers OF
a dying fire that gave of feeble glows;
{ nOfhinw moved but "A few slyulkiuu dogs
/ that sought food among the ashes. Then
I from far out in the darkness the lonely
hoot Of an owl came softly and the yelping
bark OF a fox. Night hawks darted to and
! fro. recognizable only by the feathery
whistling Of their long pinions. Then still
ness.
Midnight, and the day is really done.
Evening journal., 1907-03-06
..Ah. yes: but ,how?"

"Ah yes; but how?"
The question remains unanswered. All
honor and credit to il, the Canadian gov
ernment is ready and willing 70 do what
it can for the help of these helpless peo-
Pile but there Is little 1t can do. Tha
years on years OF drudgery have made
the Indians apathetic and dull. Some call
the Indians shiftless and lazy; 50 they
seem. And If they We're whose fault IS
it? When the wilderness belonged to
them they did not die or white mems dis
eases. OF Of starvation! No. II is sinca
the advent OF civilization that all this has
occurred.
Chief Wigwass (birch bark was th4
most typical thoroughbred Ojibway pres4
ent.
rs he pagan" asked.
Pere Dugats shook his head. yes, and
can do nozzing wit him; he has four
families!"
The Caldwell tribune. [volume] (Caldwell, Idaho Territory [Idaho]) 1883-1928, 1907-05-18

The Canyon County court house Is
conceded to be the finest building
of its kind in the state, 1t is fitting
that the readers of the Tribune.
should be informed as to the con-
struction, size and finish of the build
ing, for which they are to assist in
paying. To that end The Tribune
will endeavor in this issue TO give a
slight description, together with a
half-tone picture of the building as
1t now appears.
The size of the building outside
the walls, is "a 10S feet, and is
two stories with basement. The height
from the foundation to the top of the
dome is SO feet. The building is con-
structed of Idaho stone and brick,
the inner walls are of Caldwell brick,
while the outside, is veneered with
pressed brick. that gives the edifice a
strong and harmonious appearance
The Caldwell tribune. [volume] (Caldwell, Idaho Territory [Idaho]) 1883-1928, 1907-05-18
WESTERN FEDERATION
CASES ARE IN COURT
JURY WILL BE SELECTED THIS WEEK VIII
WILL COMMENCE AT ONCE
Especial to The Tribune)
Boise, Idaho, MAY liz


The first week of the trial of the
case of the State VS.. VIM D. Haywood
has come and gone without the devel-
opment of anything sensational or
spectacular.
A special venire for one hundred
iurymen was issued by Judge Wood
last week after the regular panel was
exhausted and on Monday afternoon
those who had been summoned by
the sheriff responded to the call of
their names. Before the examina-
ton of the jurors an voir dire was
resumed. Judge Wood announced
that he would hear excuses from
any of the talismen who did not de-
sire to serve.
After Judge Wood had read the
section of the statutes which prot
vides for excusing jurors, for certain
reasons, thirty five or forty of the
newly summoned persons marched
up in front of his honor and each in
turn unfolded his tale of woe. Many
of the more Thoughtful and exper-
fenced had provided themselves with
certificates from their family physi-
clans, stating that the juror or some
member of his family was Ill. Others
testified that their crops were dry,
The Caldwell tribune. [volume] (Caldwell, Idaho Territory [Idaho]) 1883-1928, 1907-05-18
take no other form of exercise"
do you read muchP"

take no other form of exercise
DO you read much?"
Yes, l have done an immense
amount of reading. see the news
papers, but l read books the most. |
have been reading Rowland, and Ro-
maine's history, the Life of John
Wesley. and George Whitfield, num-
Der of works on the Reformation and
something about the history of Eng
land hundred years ago. Much of
1t has been ecclesiastical and relig-
ious. l used to read a great deal of
other literature and lot of novels. +"
why did you changer" asked one
of the interviewers.
Orchard hesitated for moment
and then in quiet tone said:
ut is like little boy,who has always
lied to his father about everything
and then suddenly decided to tell
him the truth about everything. That
is about the best way | can express
the idea. l used to like novels and
all the other kind of books, but now
| do not care for such trash"
1T is like a man." he went on a
moment later in earnest tone, who
has been doing wrong all his life and
suddenly decides to do right He
cannot undo all the wrong he has
done, but he can at least do some
thing to clear up things"
The Caldwell tribune. [volume] (Caldwell, Idaho Territory [Idaho]) 1883-1928, 1907-05-18

was of my own free will and accord.
II was just as talk to you here, there
was nothing else. No promises of any
Kind has ever been made to me by
Captain Mcfarland or anyone else. :"
Orchard said he had been down
the st. Lawrence river and had been
about Wisconsin and other Middle
States. Almost with pride he asked
MS interviewers what they thought
about the great west. He was curious
to know about the Thaw trial and If
Delmas of the west had held his own
against Jerome of the east. He
talked In a general way about the
formation of the Haywood jury and
said that he was following the pro-
ceedings in the local and other west
ern papers. He asked to be excused
from telling where he had been born
and what his church was.
AS the interview closed and guard
came to escort Orchard from the
room, the latter said: Good bye,
gentlemen. l am very glad to have
seen you. l wish you all good health,
and l hope to see you again."
i AS precautionary measure the act
ual place in the penitentiary where
Orchard is confined is kept a secret
and the subject is one that the war
den and guards decline to discuss.
Orchards custodian today was Guard
Robbins, veteran from the State of
Maine, who came here ages ago. He
used to help General o. o. Howard
fight Indians and for three years was
constantly in service with him.
Governor Gooding tonight supple
mented the statement of Orchard on
the subject of possible immunity. He
said: "At times up to a few months
ago l feared lest in some of my inter-
Continued on last Pagel
The Caldwell tribune. [volume] (Caldwell, Idaho Territory [Idaho]) 1883-1928, 1907-05-18

The question of the confinement
and treatment of the prisoner was re-
verified to later and Orchard said: 81
have not talked to any newspaper
men since l have been here. l felt
that I did not have anything to say
and l did not want too much promi-
nence before the public. could
have seen the newspaper men If had
wanted to. I am free to go anywhere
in the yard and to speak to anyone
that l like to. But l don't speak to
many of the men. / don't feel that
| am any better than the rest, but
you know how it is, a man takes a
notion to'certain men and does not to
others And besides ! have felt that
ought to be careful. Some of the
men seemed anxious to learn too
much. 1 do talk to several of the
men. There are some good men out
there, brought to prison by misfor-
tune, and l talk to them. | attend
the religious services and talk to
some of the men in hope of doing
them some good"
The last formal question of the in
terview went directly to the position
of Orchard in the pending case and
was directly answered. 1t was:
WAS force or duress of any kind u.s.
ed on you by Captain Mcfarland or
anyone else in securing your alleged
confession or statement, and have
any promises of any kind been made
to you in that connecticut"
Il have never admitted and do not
admit now that l have ever made a
cofession," said Orchard Mind
that. But at no time was | ever sub
jected to force or pressure of any
kind and anything that have said to
Captain Mcfarland was without force
or threat of any kind Anything l said
The Caldwell tribune. [volume] (Caldwell, Idaho Territory [Idaho]) 1883-1928, 1907-05-18

16x2; these rooms are all in close
proximity to each other and are To-
Gated in the north end OF the build
ing, the county superintendent
room is Is 20. with private room
10 x Is. The clerk, assessor. pro-
bate judge, treasurer and superln-
tendent all have vaults in their Off
ees. The basement contains the
heating plant for the entire building.
The interior of the building is An
ished in red and white fir, with the
exception of the stairs which are of
solid oak. The interior finish is all
in perfect harmony and pleasing to
the eye. nothing gaudy is to be
found about the building except, per-
haps. the pillars which are supposed
to support the dome. these are finish
ed with material called scagliola,
which being interpreted means an
imitation of marble.
The Caldwell tribune. [volume] (Caldwell, Idaho Territory [Idaho]) 1883-1928, 1907-05-18

On the first floor Is located the
clerk, sheriff, probate Judge and treas
urers' office. The clrek s room is 1x22
with two small rooms for assistants.
the room for the commissioners use
is Is 26, the sheriffs office is 81 X
IA, with private room 8 IA, the
probate court room is IS 26, with
private room 10 II, the treas
urers office is Is 20, and the asses
sors is 20 "a. with a private room
10 IL.
Second Floor.
The second floor contains the dis
trict court room. jury rooms. county
attorneys office and county superin-
tendent office. The court room is
3Ox49, with private room for the
use OF the Judge. IL X 80. The coun-
ty attorneys Office is Ia 20. the jury
room is 20x22. the bailiff's room is
10, a witness room is provided,
The Caldwell tribune. [volume] (Caldwell, Idaho Territory [Idaho]) 1883-1928, 1907-05-18

The architects were Whalen and
Fennel. The contract was let to A..
S. Whiteway and the superintendent
was T. H, Soule of this city. While
the contractor fully complied with
his articles of agreement, much
credit is due Mr.. Soule for his care
in overseeing the work. The build
ing when the furniture is all in place,
will cost Canyon County about Sos.
600, and 1t is safe estimate, when
1t is said that it could not now be
replaced for less than 100000.
The old court house together with
the furniture. such as safes, tables,
desks, ETC.. will be sold at public
auction and when the building Is re-
moved and the court house grounds
are leveled the county will feel sat
fsfied with its investment.
The Caldwell tribune. [volume] (Caldwell, Idaho Territory [Idaho]) 1883-1928, 1907-05-18

Continued on last Page)
The herald and news. [volume] (Newberry S.C.) 1903-1937, 1907-09-20
Horse Swappers' Convention

The annual convention Of the Ohio
Horse Traders association met at
Cardington. o., last week. Resolutions
were adopted dcnouncing automobiles
and alrships as methods Of convey
ance. The sessions were held in d
hayloft. All members were compelled
to sit with arms folded, that the temp
tation to pick their neighbors' poek-
cts might be lessened. The president 5
report showed that the organization
was in flourishing condition as 75
per cent of the members were in iail
and unable to be present. One hun
dred members were on the floor.
In opening the convention the pres
ident spoke as follows: "Fellow ia
bricators, it gratifles me exceedingly
to report to you that our worthy or
ganization has had remarkably
prosperous year. In proof Of this
statement have only to call your at
tention to the fact that out of a men,
bership Of 375 horse traders only
three-quarters Of that number are in
Jail.
'This indicates that our vocation
Is just beginning to be understood.
We can now take our places beside
railroad presidents and insurance d.
rcctors. / won't weary you with any
suggestions as to how you can i'm
prove yonr condition. I cannot think