The Hawaiian gazette., 1907-12-20

| mas ttcu oDl&tN 10 TAKE over. ~
naval. military. lighthouse, immigration
and quarantine purposes, q large per
} tions of the frontage. as shown b.
the parts eolored purple on the mar
That is one of the important immi
grafton ports Of the United States
1t is Slse the haffer-outpost of tn
Western States against the plague, tn
cholera and other infectious disease
of the Orient.
PEARL HARBoR MEETS NEEDS
Pearl Hsrhor, on the other hand, on
" six miles distant from Honolulu
meets every need. lExhibitins color
ed map of island of Oahu, showin.
Pearl Harbor. its relation to Honolulu
hsrbor and TO the remainder of th'
island; also Leilehua and other mill
tary and naval reservations,1 1t Gov
ers about ten square miles, sixty times
the area of Honolulu hsrbor, sufficient
TO float sll the navies Of the world
Over 3 large part of this area it
water is from thirty to one hundred
and thirty feet in depth. Its shore:
are thirty miles in length. 1t is com
/ pletely landlocked and therefore pro.
tected absolutely both from storms ano
from direct attack by hostile vessels
In the rear are mountain ranges many
miles in width, and from two to -four
thousand feet in height, with their
opposite sides precipitous, and cut only
by narrow and easily defended passes
This lpointing to mapl tract colored
/ red is 8 military reservation of nearly
i IL Ol0 ac ~,r
miles from the hsrbor. This red line
skirting the shores OF the harbor is
railroad. The bar has been prac-
tieally removed, as indicated here,
Exhibiting large colored map OF
Pearl Harbor.l These portions Ipoint-
ing 10 mapl are intended for for
tifeations and perhaps military posts,-
these for cross-fre and these for rak-
ing-hre, and these for naval station,
perhaps 1000 acres in all; the coal sta
tions and wharves for handling coal
are planned TO be at this point; the
barracks, here; the magazines and
wharves for handling ammunition, upon
this island; the hospitals, upon this
promontory, the machine shops here,
surrounding the drydocks, which will
NC AACSC AOllOhc% llGSG
seemingly designed by nature for these
very purposes and protected from at
tack by the four miles of land and
shallow water between them and the
deep sea On this island, opposite the
proposed naval station, the United
States has a strip 200 feet wide, and
about three-quarters of q mile long, the
object of which is to insure complete
control OF this entire basin. What is
especially required at the present time
as deepening. and particularly the
Strengthening Of the channel. lExhi-
biting eOlored map showing present and
proposed channell The part colored
blue represents depth of sixty feet
various points turn on curve of only
500 feet radius. These projecting
points must be cut off so as TO make
the curves of 1000 feet radius in order
TO enable the largest vessels to enter
in safety. Excavations aggregating
1,70O, 900 cubic yards will be required
for this, but it Is thought that they
can be made at an expenses not ex-
eeeding the Hawaiian custom receipts
for six months, say s75o.0o or a
small fraction OF the cost of a single
battleship- The work viii be doubly
effective because the material TO be
removed is needed upon the adjacent
reservations for Notifications. Indeed,
the entire work, not only OF opening
the hsrbor but also of constructing
the drydOeks. fortiheati0ns and naval
stations would probably cost not more
than one or two battleships. while it
would be as effective defensively and
as many such ships.
The work should be undertaken i'm
mediately. Present needs call for il.
future needs make il necessary TO be-
gin now In order TO be prepared when
not TO he prepared may prove TO be
costly. Drydoeks are needed at once;
q naval base and place OF refuge may
be needed at any moment, however,
much We may hope otherwise. There |
has already been too long delay If !
s beginning Is made now the work viii |
hardly be finished before the compile
ton OF the Panama Canal.
OF NATIONAL CONCERN.
This Is not a matter OF mere local |
nor Of value mainly 10 Ha-
Eaii; II Is prominently a matter of
national concern. Hawaii, it Is true.
As the territory most directly affect
sd. Is a deeply interested party, but
it Is equally true that the benefits to
be derived by her from the proposed
action would be for the most part
merely incidental to those that would
accrue TO the nation at large. The es-
adjustment OF naval station and con-
Of fortifeations would afford
aer the protection which she. as the
outpost thus equipped, would afford the
western coast and all American COM
nsree on the Pacific. The opening Of
the hzrbor and construction Of wharves
md drydocks would bring TO her the
BENEFITS that would naturally flow from
he full performance. thus made posi-
be, Of her part as the halfway sta
ion On the main trzde-routes Of the
nation s commerce upon that ocean
Indeed, IN that commerce Hawaii p
1zrt Is by no means ineonsiderable,
ihOEing. as il does already, entries and
.lears1ees Of two millions Of tons and
IMPORTS and exports OF fifty million
i0Ilzrs q year The region immedi-
stely tributary 70 the harbor and 1
Fhieh would receive direct benefit from
Is opening has developed a railroad
rsfie Of nearly $50, 600 tons OF freight
nd 450. go passengers annually with
-