The Birmingham age-herald., 1907-06-02

a layman, but to the modern American physician it is not much more humorous than the real diary of real physician of that day would be, so numerous and so important have been recent discov- cries.
 Medicine in America is but a little more than 100 years old. It was in 1765 college of Philadelphia to teach medi- cine in this country. Two years later the occupation of the city by the British troops caused the college to be closed It was reopened In 177S, finally becoming the medical department of the Univer- sity of Pennsylvania. Another attempt was made in New York In 176S, at Kings college, but only twenty-five pupils, part of them from the West Indies, were enrolled, and when trouble resulted from ''body snatching' the school was closed. It was not reopened until 1792 and no good facilities for getting medical edu- cation existed until after the beginning of the nineteneth century Before Amer ica had medical schools a few wealthy students went abroad and took degrees in London, Edinburgh and the German universities, but the average physician read medicine as an apprentice to a prac- titloner becoming first "bachelor of physicl1" and then a physician with few books and little knowledge of medicine.
 John Morgan, one of the most erudlte men of colonial days, was prominent in i'm. ell ba AaI of better facilities for educating physi- clans. He was the first professor in chartered college of medicine, and he was known as the father of medical train ing In America. He was one of the founders of the American Philosophical society, the College of Physicians of Philadelphia, and one of the first to do- nate books to medical libraries, as well as the first to suggest the practice of writing prescriptions to be filled by phar- macists. Morgan was the son of Welsh merchant who was crony of Benjamin Franklin. He was born in 1735, and after studying at an academy, entered the just-founded College of Philadelphia, at the same time being apprenticed to a physician.
 There were at that time only six drug stores in Philadelphia. mostly owned by physicians who had their apprentices to lfllA QTuSS. AS d buiBcOu lHC tololldl army. Dr. Morgan evidenced such ability that he was advised to go abroad to study. Benjamin Franklin, agent of the Province of Pennsylvania in London. in- troduced him to a number of notable surgeons and physicians. From London he went to Edinburgh where he took q degree. He afterward studied anatomy under Sue in Paris, and because of val uable contributions to medical and sur .t,,.. l..,t A1 responding member, to the Royal Aoad- emy of Surgery. When he returned to America he interested himself in promot- ing education.
 The hospital in America antedates the medical college. The first hospital was founded in Philadelphia, the original staff being Thomas Bond, Phineas Bond and Lloyd Zachary The idea originated with Dr. Thomas Bond. a native of Calvert county, Maryland, who had been educated in Europe In 175o he began to try to interest capitalists in the project and Benjamin Franklin indorsed his ideas and lobbied through the legislature a bill "to encourage the establishment of hos pital." After the bill had been signed by the governor in May 175l, Samuel Rhoads a contributor to the fund, and by vocation a builder, was appointed Ito look for bOdlGs WHeleWllu 10 Dullu the nOSpllal. In the meantime a residence on Market street was rented as a temporary hospital and in February, 1752, the first patients were received.
 An Idea of the rapid growth of facil- tiles of medical education in America may be gained from comparison of figures in Germany and the United States. There are as many medical students In this country in proportion to population as there are in Germany. but the United States with one and one-third times the population of Germany, has 126 medical faculties while Germany has but twenty The ratio of students to population in each country is to 5000. Philanthropy in America has aided greatly in equipping her system of hospitals, swlfoh Is now second to none In the world
 In rapidly expanding country the great need has been for rigid regulations as to requirements for graduation for medical colleges, and, organization has made giant strides In this direction. The physicians of northern New Jersey or ganized the first society for the mainten- ance of medical ethics at New Brunswick In lT6 In 17S1 the Massaehusetts Medical association was incorporated. but the great organization known as the Amer ican Medical association was not or ganized until ls47ss Nathaniel Chapman was made president. Johnathan Knight Alexander H. Stevens. James Moultrie and A. H. Buchanan xtce-nresidenf. John