davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1907-01-15
Industrial Education
In the Public Schools

By Promn English ationh
INDUSTRIAL education today necessary the ed
ucaton given in the public schools Conditions of in
L. dustrialm have during the last generation undergone
COMPLETE CHANGE Formerly all industries
Quoted small and the old fashioned system of apprenticeship
operation.
Formerly the apprentice learned his trade throughout and became
able his hand almost ANY CLASS OF WORK In his
particular industry Nowadays the workman does but
direct machine in the execution of that
hence such thing MASTER WORKMAN in
the old sense of the word
ANY CHANGE IN A PARTICULAR LEAVES ITS
WoRKMEN NOTHING THEIR
HANDS
therefore becoming and necessary that the school
essay place the apprenticeship system and give the pupil
knowledge mechanical and technical which will enable
him in the future ADAPT HIMSELF TO CHANGES that
he may find n his special industry.
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1907-01-15


- tive capacity 1t is needless the author of this
ment is A MAN.
not the first time that woman executive capacity ability
has been assaed by critics who recognize this quality
WHEN IT DOES EXIST Women have much executive ability
Whenever they have the OPPORTUNITY prove this
they it. The great trouble this Womans ability
is called by that In fact seldom recognized all It
is regarded merely what she OUGHT TO Do but
the thing should certainly hear about it.
Consider the dressmaker proprietors of big
and controlled by themselves.
Consider the mners the private and other business
women
THEN THINK OF THE WOMEN EDUCATORS, HEADS
SCHOOLS CERTAINLY THERE
QUARTER
And then consider the mother with children How many
could she does when her resources?
executive ability for mother of small children
nies educate and those children, TO KEEP
HER FAMILY TOGETHER? Was a man under such
circumstances who could do 2 Where there lack of executive
ability in that woman's makeup2
WHEN WE CONSIDER THE WnMeN WORKERS.
NOT ONLY IN BUSINESS BUT A POOR
SORT OF CHARGE TO MAKE CUSTOM
AND CONVENTION HAVE INTELLIGENT REC
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1907-01-15
secretary Shaw at Harvard.

Boston, Jan. Is. - Secretary Of the
Treasury Shaw arrived here and went
Immediately to Cambridge, where he
was a guest at luncheon in the Har-
ward union. After luncheon Secretary
Shaw addressed the Harvard under
graduates ostensibly on the subject OF
Evolution Of Self Government" but
bis address really was an argument
for a merchant marine.
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1907-01-15
Senate and House in Brief.

Washington, Jan. 15.-Taking but a
brief time to pass the legislative, ex-
ecutive and judicial appropriation
bill, carrying nearly $31,000,0O0, the
senate devoted the remainder Of the
day to the Brownsville ARRAY.
The house spent most Of the day
considering legislation pertaining to
the District of Columbia, after which
consideration Of the Notifications ap-
preparation bill was resumed. The
message of the president regarding the
Colorado river was read.
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1907-01-15
Monroe Doctrine Is
Necessary to America
ny Bishop THOMAS 2. NELLY of Buenos Ayres

B. of Bue Ayre
U SHOULD like to see PROOFS
dead The Monroe doctrine is essential part of American
policy. 1t PURELY DEFENSIVE policy designed for
the good hemisphere and ought be main
tanned in complete integrity
LOGICALLY DOCTRINE IMPLIES AN INTEREST
SOUTH AMERICAN COUNTRIES WILLINGNESS THEM
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1907-01-15
Crown Prince Has a Bad Fan.

Lisbon. Jan. 15.-Crown Prince LUZ
Philippe was thrown from his horse
while riding in the palace grounds. and
suffered severe contusions. His horse
was taking a fence and fell with the
prince under him. The prince was rem
dered unconscious, but later recovered
and now is considered to he in no dan
ser.
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1907-01-15
sPooNER VERSUS TILLMAN

Two Senators Have Some Rapid-Fire
CoIloQuy Over the Case,
While Spooner was discussing the
matter he denounced the criticism OF
the Twenty-fifth regiment by Tillman,
when - Il suppose the senator wants
to be entirely just" remarked Tillman.
Il wish the senator would be iust,"
said Spooner.
, Il try to be-" was the reply.
You fall to be-"
You fail to be sometimes, IL you
VIII be honest" retorted Tillman.
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1907-01-15
Woman as an Executive

E.
WRITER In a magazine has this FI for
- make bold say that believe have but little
- tive capacity It needless the author
A MAN
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1907-01-15

= Q
-
Out of work?
DO you want to buy lot?
Do you want to sell a lot?
Have you lost horse. a COW
or dog?
Anything you want that you
haven't got?
Have you found horse
COW or dog9
Want somebody else to . Q
work for you7
Are you moving out of town
or moving in?
Do you want to rent house
or a room or barn? . Q
Would you like to exchange Q q
a sewing machine for
pillow?
Would you like to exchange
a pillow for a sewing ma O
chine?
Do you want somebody to Q Q
rent house or a room or a
barn from you?
If you are a servant does
your mistress come up to @ n
your requirements?
If you are the mistress of =
a household, does your
servant suit you2 - =
Do you want a situation that
you think would be more - -
congenial than the one
you have?
IF there is anything you
want to buy, to sell, to
acquire, or get rid of; If n =
you have anything that is
useless to you, but may be
useful to others, n -
Make your wants and
wishes known through the
only medium of exchange = . |
in Lake County:
THE CLASSIFIED AID. Q Q
DEPARTMENT OF THE
LAKE COUNTY TIMES.
You can get lot in three
lines. = q
Your ad. will be read by
5000 regular subscribers Q .
and $1,000 regular read
ers.
The Lake County times. [volume] (Hammond, Ind.) 1906-1933, 1907-01-15
TERMS:

Three lines for ten cents; adj
ditional lines 5 cents each.
Come in! We want you and
YOU want us.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1907-08-20

Continued on Page z.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1907-08-20
The Modern Business Man

Of Sedentay habits cannot possibly thrive upon and
Modern Conditions Demand a Modern Diet
Success all undertakings depends upon and cannot be secured without
healthy body and keen ba and they cannot be kept healthy ad
vigorous by drugs, any other way than natures way that Isl byI
food.
There is only
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1907-08-20

discharge a public function They
have been weighed in the balance and
found wanting. The remedy for the
evils must be radical to be effective.
If it is not so, then we may certainly
expect that the movement toward gov
eminent ownership will become a for
midable one that connot be stayed.
Objections to Government Ownership.
1 am opposed to government owner
First, because existing government
railways are not managed with either
the efficiency or economy of privately
managed roads and the rates charged
are not as low and therefore not as
beneficial to the public;
Second, because it would involve an
expenditure of certainly twelve billions
of dollars to acquire the interstate
railways and the creation of an 'enor-
nous national debt.
Third, because it would place in the
hands Of a reckless executive a power
of control over business and politics
that the imagination can hardly con-
ceive, and would expose our popular
institutions to danger.
Proposed Railway Regulation.
The supervision proposed need not
materially reduce the legitimate opera
ton of individ1alism in railway enter
prise. 1t will indeed limit the oppor-
tunity TO accumulate enormous for
tunes through vercapitalization or Sc
cret rebates, bat the legitimate profit
which comes from close attention to
operatiOn, to efficiency of service and
economy IN details and from broad
conceptions Of new methods of Teduc-
ing cost without impairing the service
will not be disturbed in the slightest
There is 10 attempt to take away the
property Of the railway companies:
there is no furnishing of public money
to the enterprise and no public Off
GERS are required TO administer the
property. There is no more attempt
in this law to make transportation q
government business than there is I'm
the national banking act to make
Z banking a government business.
The movement of competing railway
companies to consolidate arose original
~ from fear that the antitrust act
forbade them 10 make agreements as
to uniform rates. If they were now
/ permitted TO make such agreements
Continued on Page 7.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1907-08-20
SECRETARY TAFT
MAKES HIS TALK

iment proved too much. If the commits
fsion could not fix rates. then neither
II nor a court could safely determine
Whether a rate was unreasonable, for
exactly the same expert knowledge was
needed 10 say that a rate was unreal
sonable as to say what was a maxi
mum reasonable rate. Indeed, in the
natural mental process, a maximum
reasonable rate must be determined be-
fore declaring the rate in question I'M
reasonable. All this inevitably led to
the conclusion that there was no rem
edy either by commission or court
against unreasonable rates, that the
public was helpless, and that the whole
matter must still be left to the only
experts, the traffic managers of the
railroads, although it was the dishon-
esty, discrimination and injustice of
many of them which had been the
cause of the trouble. Naturally, he
argument had weight neither with con-
gress nor with the public.
Constitutional objection by Railroads
The third and final objection was
that the law was invalid in that con-
gress was thereby delegtaing its logis-
lative power to another body, and was
violating the general constitutional rule
that delegated power cannot be dele
gated ne Iult mas an exception.
There may be delegation of legislative
power where the purpose in the orig
inal comforting of the power can be
subserved only by its delegation to an
agent. 1t is admitted that the Constitu-
tion gives congress the power to fix
rates. Obviously, however, it is impos-
sible for congress as a body to spend
the time and labor. to do so. If the
power is to be exercised at all, prac-
tlcally it can be done only through a
tribunal or an agency ike that of the
interstate commerce commission. Hence
congress may delegate the power I'M
der proper legislative limitations and
rules of decision. A similar conclu-
sion has been reached by a number of
state courts with reference to the power
of legislatures under state cCnstitu-
tiOns presenting the same question. and
while the case has not, with respect
. 10 a federal commission, been brought
directly before the supreme court of
the United States, there is a plain dic-
tum in one decision in favor of the
validity of such delegation of legisla-
tive power.
Small Vote Against Bill.
The opponents of the bill were not
able with these objections TO muster
more than seven negative votes in the
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1907-08-20

that in order to accomplish a good
which the federal government with it's
greater resources and wider geOgrap phi
cal reach can bring about more quick
" and efficiently, the constitutional
limits upon federal action should be
blurred out or an undoubted federal
power should be expanded by doubtful
construction into a field which really
belongs to the state. But the right of
congress to take any action, not con-
fiscatory, in the most rigid control of
interstate commerce cannot be denied.
Suggested by Hartman consoIida-
tons.
The measures taken and proposed are
radical perhaps, viewed from the
standpoint of the laissez faire doct-
trinaire whose ideas have been al
lowed to prevail in respect of railroad
management down to the present; but
no one can read the report of the COM
mission on the history of the union of
the Southern Pacific and Union Pa
cific systems with the Illinois Central
system without trembling at the enor-
nous power that one man, by the I'M
controlled use Of the stock and bond
issuing power of interstate railways
under state charters, has acquired in
4 ,
business and without looking for some
means of remedying such a dangerous
tendency which. if not stopped, win
lead to the absorption of all the rail-
roads of the country into one hand.
Not sociaIistIc, but the Opposite.
The contention on behalf of the rail-
roads, already noticed. ii at such super
vision as the rate bill and these sug-
gested amendments afford. is Socialis-
tic and tends to government owner
ship, is utterly without basis. Eff
cient regulation is the very antidote
and preventative Of Socialism and
government ownership. The railroads,
until now, have been permitted to
WELD without any real control the
enormously important franchise of fur
nishing transportation to the entire
country. They have constructed $780,
GOO miles of road. In certain respects
they have done a marvellous work and
have afforded transportation at a
cheaper rate, per ton. per mile and per
passenger. than in any country in the
world. They have, however, many of
them, shamelessly violated the trust
obligation they have been under to the
public OF furnishing equal facilities at
the same price to all shippers. The
watering of stock and bonds and the
decentralization of some OF them for
the profit of their managers have pre-
vented the needed Improvement Of their
railroads in construction and equip
ment- The tremendous demand for in
creased facilities due to the enormous
growth of the business shows the in
adequacy Of their equipment and con-
struction. While they might not have
| been expected to meet in full such an
extraordinary demand, the obligations
some of them have assumed in the
! form of stocks and bonds leaves no
doubt that, had the money they repre-
scented been put into the roads in good
faith, the shortage of cars and equip
ment and inadequacy of rosdbed and
track would not be SO great. They
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1907-08-20

mouse OF representatives, or three votes
in the senate.
Now Praise Eikins Bill.
tinue to denounce it, but now instead
Of pointing out its disastrous effect.
they say it is failure and that in
the year since its passage, it has not
helped a single shipper They insist
that the only effective and an aIl-suf-
ficient law to regulate railways is the
Elkins act, passed in 1903, and that
this is shown by the fact that all the
prosecutions in which convictions have
been had against railway companies
and Favored shippers in the last two
years have been under the EIkins act.
and not under the rate bill. Let us
look into the facts in regard to this
allegation. The chief prosecutions
which have been instituted have been
criminal indictments against the Sugar
trust and the Standard Oil company,
and certain railways and their agents
and officers for taking and giving Sc
cret money rebates. They could not
have been brought under the rate bill,
because the acts prosecuted were COM
mitted before the passage of the rate
bill.
Effect of EIkins Bill.
1t is true that these prosecutions
were instituted under the Elkins act,
but it is also true that had the Elkins
bill never been passed the same acts
could and doubtless would have been
prosecuted as giving and receiving I'M
just determinations against the per-
sons committing them under the
amendment to the interstate commerce
act of 1889 which the Elkins law sup
planted. The Elkins law was really an
amendment to the interstate commerce
act, charging and making more effec-
tive the procedure for prosecuting vio-
lations of the prohibitions of that law
and describing them in more compre-
hensive form. 1t gave greater latitude
in respect of the district where the Of
tense would be prosecuted and it made
the company necessarily responsible in
fine for the act of it's agents, with
out other proof of direct completely than
the agency. Under the 1889 amend
ment, however the individuals convict
ed could have been sent to the peni-
tertiary, whereas under the Eilxins act
the punishment by Imprisonment was
taken away while the fine was in
creased. The chief effect the Elkins
law had on these particular prosecu-
tons which have been given so much
prominence was to make ii easier to
convict the corporation and to increase
its fine, but to save the guilty individ-
ual perpetrators from Imprisonment.
Why Railroads Favored EIkins Bill.
1t is well understood that the EIkins
bill was passed without opposition by,
and with the full consent of. the rail-
roads and that the chief reason for
this was the elimination of the peni-
Tertiary penalty for unjust discrimina-
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1907-08-20

tons. The abolition of Imprisonment.
as possible penalty, was unfortunate.
Experience has shown that a mere fine
is generally not enough to deter a cor
poration from violation of the law be-
cause 1t then becomes a matter of mere
business speculation. The imprison-
ment of two or three prominent Off
GERS of a railway company, or trust.
engaged in giving or receiving secret
rebates, would have a greater deter
rent effect for the future than millions
in fine.
Rate Bill Restored Jail Penalty.
In the rate bill congress amended the
Elkins bill and restored imprisonment
as part of the punishment for secret
rebates. Had the rebating and dis
honest practices of the railroad COM
panies and the trusts, been as clearly
known to congress and the public, when
the Elkins bill was considered, as they
were when the rate bill was passed, the
Elkins bill would not have passed so
smoothly.
Narrow Scope of EIkins Bill.
1 do not wish to decry the merits
or the Elkins bill because, aside from
its elimination of Imprisonment as pun
1shment, it is a most useful measure,
put its scope is so narrow in respect
or the regulation of railways that il
cannot be compared in importance of
operation and effect to the rate bill
The increase by the rate bill in the
powers of the commission in super
vision, investigation, rate-fixing and eff
fectlVe order-making to prevent dis
elimination is great. Elaborate machin-
cry for making it difficult to violate the
law without discovery and for discov-
eriQC violations vUhop fbau ovicf opd
for affording affirmative and manda-
tory relief in requiring railroads to fur
n1sh equal facilities to all, is found in
the provisions of the new rate bill
This is because the Elkins law, as
amended, contains the part of the in
terstate commerce legislation which
prescribes the punishment for viola
tons of the law and SO, in ordinary
practice, comes into operation after the
violations have been discovered under
the other provisions of the rate bill
If the rate bill was likely to be a
failure and to accomplish nothing in
the regulation of their business, the
query naturally arises why did the
railroads spend so much money and
so great effort to defeat it? Why was
it, if it had no effect, that in the in
terval between the time of it's passage
and its going into effect, there were
filed with the interstate commerce COM
mission more notices of reduced rates
by the railroads than ever had been filed
in the previous twenty years of the life
Of the interstate commerce law?
Good Effect of Rate Bill.
The rate bill has not been in oper-
alton a year, and the beneficial re-
suits from its operations though clear.
are not ready to be presented in sta
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1907-08-20

tistical array. Moreover. the chief
benefit of the act is likely to be its
influence in discouraging attempts to
renew the old abuses and such benefits
do not appear in statistics. The imme-
date effect of the act has certainly
been to compel railroads to regard the
commission now as the important trf-
bunal whose views they must follow
They are manifesting every outward
disposition strictly to comply with the
law and to avoid prosecution or COM
plant. The time has gone by in which
the action of the commission can be
ignored or laughed at. The commits
sion itself has taken up its duties with
renewed energy, has proceeded, with
out awaiting the Intervention Of the
railroads or the fling of complaints, to
construe the act by administrative rul-
ings, in order to assist the railroads in
large powers for correcting evils, which
the commission now has. we may rea-
sonably expect a marked improvement
in the conduct of the railways of the
country.
Attitude of the Country.
The passage of the bill was taken.
the country over, and properly taken.
as a most important step toward the
grown UP in a period of tolerant pros
perity. 1t was thought to be an eff
fective cure of the arterial system of
the country which had become poisoned
by dishonesty, injustice and fraud. 1t
was a great solace to the conscience of
the country outraged by recent revel-
atoms of railway and trust manage
ment. Passed at the instance of Mr.
Roosevelt, it stands as a monument
to the principle which he has inces-
sanity maintained in speech and action.
that the laws must be so made that
they can be enforced as well against
the sins of the wealthy and the pow
erful as against those of the poor.
Error of MIR. Bryan as to Court Re-
view.
Mr. Bryan contends that the law was
greatly weakened in authorizing, or
recognizing judicial Intervention to re-
strain the orders of the commission.
This criticism has not the slightest
foundation. There can be no judicial
appeal in the nature of a complete re-
view on the merits from the commits
sion to the supreme court or the cir
cult court of the United States for the
commission is not a court of first in
stance, but only a mere administra-
tive tribunal. The only power a fed
eral court could exercise would be to
decide first, whether the administra-
tive tribunal had followed correctly the
limitations upon its course of action
imposed by the act of congress Great
ing it, and second, whether it's order
taken as an authorized expression. of
the legislative power deprived the rail-
road company of it's right, under the
fourteenth amendment. to derive a fair
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1907-08-20
Now Praise EIkins Bill.

house of representatives or three votes
in the senate.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1907-08-20
Road to MELVILLE"

and along this road only good p properly cooked food served
The makers of GapeNtS claim with the best of reasons that this
scientific food superior any other for rebuilding the brain and
tissues and muscles down by modern strenuous life
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1907-08-20
Once upon q time

Man lived upon the prey that fell the chase His vigorous active life
enabled him to keep alive upon diet which
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1907-08-20
Amendments Plainly Constitutional.

These suggestions Of additional legis-
latien in respect 10 the supervision and
control of Interstate railways have
been made by the interstate commerce
commission and 1 heartily concur in
them. They are plainly within the
federal jurisdiction under the inter-
state commerce clause. / do not think
Dziennik Chicagoski. [volume] (Chicago [Ill.]) 1890-1971, 1907-07-13
Kronika Chicagoska
Sprawa tramwajowa.

Wczoraj nareszcie pomyslnie
dla wszystkich interesowanych
zafatwiono sprawe tramwajow, tax
dawno jakiegos rozwiazania o.
czek,uaca. Mic pewnoscia ME
narobifo tyle wrzawy, co kwestya
naszych tramwaj6w. Miasto ME
mog}o jej zalatwic, chociaz ma
ten eel wydano kasy tysiace do
lar6w. Sprawa W kohcu zajai sic
sedzia zwiazkowy Grosscup, kt6ry
przy pomocy profesora Gray u
niwersytetu Harvarda wc1oraj
polaczyf wszystkie kolejs uliczne
W jedne spoke pod nazwa Chica-
go, Railway Co.
Wiadomo, ze odkad kompania
Chicago Union Traction zbankru-
towala, miasto niewidzia}o zadnej
drogi wyjscia- Kompanie chciafy
sic pofaezyc, ale Mkt ME mial llil ma
to sposobu, W kohcu sprawa "a
ial sic urzednik xwiazkowy, h6sy