davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Norfolk weekly news-journal., 1907-09-27
Al GALLONS FOR YOU.
Every Person in Norfolk Uses an Az
erage of That Much Water.


erage of That Much Water.
The average family in Norfolk, Wa
ter Commissioner August Brummund
figures out, uses 200 gallons of water
a day at this season of the year. EST
mating five members to each family
the Norfolk water commissioner who
likes statistics finds that each mem
Der of the average Norfolk family
uses II gallons a day.
OF course there are big consumers
of city water and small consumers but
the water commissioner wanted to
find an average when he took out his
pencil to figure.
The water commissioner found that
during the ninety days Of the summer
S,5O4,7G5 gallons of water was sold to
city consumers, that 1893, 495 gallons
was used by the 2S5 meter customers
and that 3,141,27O gallons by the 1G7
fiat rate consumers.
Accordingly on each day during the
last three or four months the city has
delivered 81 ,497 gallons of water for
general use. Then the street sprinkle
on an average has made away with
$4,000 gallons more each day. Norfolk
is breaking all records in sidewalk CON
struction and it is estimated that TO-
600 more gallons must be allowed each
day for cement crossings and side
walks and for leakage. In all, exclud.
ing drinking fountains, churches,
school houses and city hall, Mr.. Brum-
mund's department delivered on an
average of 12S,497 gallons of water
for each day of the months for which
Mr.. Brummund took figures.
The Norfolk weekly news-journal., 1907-09-27
Gan IHEAR FROM CARNEG|E
STEEL KING HASN'T ANSWERED
NCRFOLK'S NOTE.
IN REGARD TO PUBLIC LIBRARY

People Interested in the Public Library
for Norfolk Are Growing Anxious
and viii Renew Correspondence
When Clerk and Secretary Returns.
Despite the fact that the Norfoll,
city council has taken the required
| legal steps to comply with Andrew
Carncgies conditions imposed on
cities of Norfolks class who desire to
benefit by his philanthropy In the dl.
rcction of library building, Norfolk
people who are interested in the move
to secure a city library hardly know
just where the project is at"
Last summer when the City's first
ibrary board was organized city Clerk
Julius Huff was named as secretary
and the correspondence to be carried
on with Mr.. Carnegie was placed in
his care.
1t is understood that the secretary
of the library board addressed n com.
munication to the iron master but the
correspondence does not seem to have
been productive of results.
The library secretary Is absent from
the city just now on western trip
with some newspaper humorists and
it Is possible that the library cores
pondcnCe will rest until he returns
Within the next month, however, eli
Their before or after Mr.. Hulff's return,
The correspondence with Mr.. Carnegie
will be renewed for several members
of the board have expressed them
selves as anxious to receive some word
from the library phiIanthropist.
The Norfolk weekly news-journal., 1907-09-27
LFrom Fridny,s Dnily1

rom Fridays DARYL
Leaning out of the gaugway of his
locomotive east of Lynch yesterday
afternoon, Engineer Fred Ellerbrock
who was hauling the Bonesteel freight
train toward Norfolk, was struck by
part of a bridge and knocked off the
engine into the water below. He was
quite badly hurt.
The fireman, Il. Dicliton was put
ting coal into the firebox at the time
and did not see the engineer fall
When he noticed that Ellerbrock was
not in the cab he at first believed him
to have stepped out on the running
board and later, failing to locate the
man, brought the engine to a stop,
backed to the bridge and found Eller-
brock, who had just crawled out of
the water.
The injured engineer was placed on
the engine and taken as far as Verdi
gre where the passenger train took
him aboard bound for home.
DiCkton brought the freight train on
into Norfolk. Ellerbrock, as he stood
in the gangway, was inspecting parts
of the locomotive and did not notice
that he was in danger of striking the
bridge.
The Norfolk weekly news-journal., 1907-09-27
TOPPED CHICAGO MARKET.
BUTTERFlELD 6 SON HAVE FIN.
ISHED FALL SHIPMENTS.
SALES AMOUNT TO $4,000

TLi, lI,r De-. 49,. ~ A., n,.. ~.
p0'ou' ''''' w ""'y oe'so" 'o'
Nor'nerh Neora'Na Cattle Feeders
Fine Steers Went.
with fine arrival or tho lost chin.
mon, or sI,c,, f., p,,rI.ol ,r,rd,v uo
Martial. firm, ,r AZ II pnt,.,G,i1 o.
c.., how. ,o,,,,i,t,,d u,,ir r,I ,I,i,,
mont ,r s,,cl. f., ,,,,r,.n, rhnir Ii,,a
.i,cI. u.nf,r ,.,. sI,i,n,1 T., ,,,,i,a,,,
ana Omaha markets during the last
thirty days. sold for $l35 727.
II has been progporoug feeding
year and the prolIls rcoIizod throuph
fat cattle and hogs raised will helm
nl up the measure of prospcritv I'm
north Nebraska for another wear. The
firm of w. II. ButtcrGcld &, son is
the largest feeder of cattle in north
Nebraska and the season which has
been successful with them has also
brought more than uguoI nroffs 10
thousands of other north Ncbrosla
men who each year shin fat cattle east
To market.
The Buttcrflcld cattle this wear have
brought honor TO their owners and In
northeast Nebraska On two occo.
sions the SHIPMENTS have Tanned tho
market I'm Cbicogo and evorv ehinrnnt
that has been sent into the south Oma.
ha stock Yards has topped the LIST at
that stock center. In SHINING cattle
Buttorhcld G. Son this fall have diyid.
ed their cattle about eouaIlv between
Chicago and Omaha.
cLio.. o., A. -
Toet TLmTsdov Gro oorIpa5o 80 CO..
Nohroslo cottIo cont nv pn,.oroo,a o
Son to Chicogo mot on,,, tonnad no
dav,s marriott :, Mo- anoot n,o.tenn
nocLirn center Lrt ,,oro doo,ona1 49,
-
I, tho ,,ird,, o,t,, d,,nir,a, 10 r,e,.,,t
season Thoro ,,,ora eiEh,,, 3D., ..,
tbav oyoraood c77 nonnds nooh
w II RnttorGoId g. Son food oott,o
at NorfoIl, MAGNET and OsnnonJ
THOR cottIo a. WorFo,,. ano Sattonal,
ot tho suoor footor,, etao,. ,,on,.
Duriro Tho nost L,,..,, doY., a., g..
cattle ,bioh ho,o ,aa, ,,,,,, ,.,te
oboro ~ Tho c,,o,or rao.lu,,
soId ot tho oostorr noon,.ots bn,,a,no,
s41 an 20 or rnoro thon = $500 sn,
Iars an animal ~
From Moanot ccs hood 80 oo.,o
were shipped, bringing in $50 1904,
Nearly a thousand hogs 934 IN he
exact, were shipped from Norfolk and
Magnet to the South Omaha market,
where the sales totaled to s15.O35.
Sixty.three cars of fat cattle were
shipped to market by Butterfeld G.
Son during the past thirty DAVIS. At
market the cattle brought from $3.50
to sos per hundred pounds.
The story of the steer is a simple
one.
The Norfolk weekly news-journal., 1907-09-27
CAN'T FORCE ROOSEVELT.
Seth Bullock Says the President Can't
be Driven to Accept.


"I'd like to see a photograph of any
one compelling Theodore Roosevelt to
accept a nomination for the presi-
dency of the United States" said Seth
Bullock, personal friend of the pres
ident.
Mr.. Bullock's statement was made
in reply to a newspaper article shown
him in which 1t was stated that United
States Senator Clapp of Minnesota
was quoted as saying that Roosevelt
would be compelled to accept third
term nomination.
"The American people know that
the president can't be driven to do
anything and the United States SEN
ators ought to know 1t. If they don't
it is about time they were finding out"
added Mr., Bullock.
Seth Bullock was on his way back
The Norfolk weekly news-journal., 1907-09-27
SHOOTS SELF THROUGH LEG
Roy TraceweIl Accidentally Wounded
on Rosebud Reservation.

Valentine, Neb., Sept, 20.-Special to
The News: Roy Tracewell, who has
been working in a store over on the
Rosebud reservation, accidentally shot
himself through the leg and came
down here where his parents reside
for treatment, He was handling a 80
calibre automatic revolver when 1t
was discharged, the bullet going clear
through the leg.
The Norfolk weekly news-journal., 1907-09-27
FRIDAY FACTS,


few days visit with friends at Tilden
Roy Luikart has returned to Lincoln
where he will continue his work in the
civil engineering department of the
state university
Among the days out of town visitors
| in Norfolk were: f. p. Berger, Creigh.
ton; II. j Sucker, Stanton; II. A.
Chase, Clearwater; Mrs. Anna Miner
CarloCk, S. D.; Mrs. James Ogden,
Mills; w. j. Johnston Scotland, S. ID. /;
Mr.. and Mrs. A. Wager, Gregory; S.
d. Westfare, York; J. p. Winters,
Creighton; e. l.. Peterson, Osmond;
| G. G. Whipped, Niobrara; Miss Ruby
Reese, Mrs. J. c. Knapp Palmer.
N. w. Glover is in Denver.
Chief of Police John f. Flynn ar.
rived home at noon from mis- South
Dakota trip.
Miss Nettie NenOw is i'll with the
grippe.
f. E. Davenport is in Clearwater on
business.
c. d. Simms arrived home last even.
A. N. Yost of Omaha has been visit
ling Norfolk friends.
II. f. Barnhart arrived home last
evening from Center.
~ c. Creager of Council Bluffs is
visiting in Norfolk today
Misses Jessie and Mamie Cate were
Pierce visitors in Norfolk.
Miss Nettie DortCh has returned to
Norfolk from a vacation visit
R. b. Hall left Norfolk at noon after
spending a few days in the city.
Spencer Butterfield will attend
school at the Ames, Iowa, university
this winter.
Cyrus Craig of Colesburg, Iowa, who
has been visiting his brother, John S.
Craig, for two weeks, has returned to
his home.
Mr.. and Mrs. CarstOn and Mr.. and
Mrs. Kruger of Pierce were in Nor.
folk yesterday.
Fred Dederman has just returned
from Rochester, Mimi, where Mrs.
Dederman underwent a surgical OPP
S'"'i'h' oiiS 10 recovering lIpluIy.
Walter Rainbolt of Ames, Iowa, is
In Norfolk on a visit with his uncle,
N. A. Rainbolt Mr. Rainbolt was ac-
companied by his daughter, Miss Abb
bic Rainbolt
VIII Sattler, who has been in Nor
folk for the summer on visit with
his father, Herman Sattler, left at
noon for Baltimore, where he is at
tending Johns Hopkins university.
Mrs. c. d. Simms has gone to Char
ter Oak, Iowa. to attend the wedding
of her sister, Miss VERNE Weed, the
wedding occurring on next Wednes-
day Miss Weed has visited in Nor
folk.
w. K. Pargeter, formerly cashier in
the Norfolk Office of the Union Pacific,
but now travelling freight agent out
of Los Angeles for the same road, ar.
rived in Norfolk last evening for a
short visit.
The Norfolk weekly news-journal., 1907-09-27

to Doadwood, s. ~, after cscorting
seventeen federal prisoners to Lcavou-
worth, Kan, in his capacity Of United
states marshal for South Dakota.
The Norfolk weekly news-journal., 1907-09-27
TFrom fridays Daily.l

All times are the right times" with
bargain-hunters. They are busy as
you read this-and they make bust
ness active in all sorts of weather,
pretty nearly abolishing dull days"
The Norfolk weekly news-journal., 1907-09-27


Norr,l; r1Iir,,d mon INV, h,,,. ,y
tended ,pocigl Invitations T., IA, moo
emf nj thc Christian chrr,b .hl, avon,
! inc whom ryopr,Iisr II AZ I,,,,,i,.
viii spcal, ON "Thc R,IIvov or Iir,o
loo Eiigrrroll Manifestations
broEcmnp wnI,c dolno his FIRST l,,,s
worl, la that lin, u,,, n,rrl,, WOO,
fell off a FREIGHT c,r and wac drc,,
! itatcd Ills body WINS ehin,,d to ,b,l
ron Ncb which .,v,s his hor,,
t,..., ,,,..,. r..
,,r,,Iin,, ~ ,,,.,..,,. ., ,,',' u''',
aa,,u,,. ,,I,a,,, >,,,r,,,',, VIII ''''
Itio, ,,,,, - r,,,,,',,. .,.,.,,,.. ,,
r,,.,,, IL, ,a,i,,,, ati,r 80 -. w.
,,uria, ,,i,., 49, ,,.
too, a., with, ..,..,,...,,., ,,,'''
,a.,,,,,. - ta g r',,r,' ~ W. wv"
st,,n a,.,n,o oo,,,a,, -, ,,.,,..', ' .,,,.,
,i,l ,,,.r, ,a,,,,,, .,.,., y,
-, c, ,,..r,,,, w.
., 'ou'Son' WHO ''"VoS N"rI"IN
u,N' M"nu"S I" represent inc hooN
.s''"" p'o" Vu"'pa'E' VIII move 10
n'o'"''"E,o"' ~" I''"oI '""h 10 poS
M"'"'S' IOWA having p''n assigned
w '"",' ""'c ''''I'o'S wa" WIS
"'S. E.N',l n'n'
~ a. n"'a'oo'' r'''",lS S"'u some
"o' "c''S y. l"'u III I'o'co county
l,'"' 'S"'on" 'oI F'u u" "cr'' No"".
'n' STUNT '''''o MI Na''nolI ulSpoSou
~ nan S,c''o" VI '"''u III N''''p"'l
county !" '''o southwestern co'nc' VI
''g S''''' '"' 90 II" "'.''
ne lue cream, SOU" "asn many
"uIS !" "''E'' III ll'c I'"u' Nulie NOT
'"'N 'ou"'"'''S SUI. meet inc oeh'auuS
VI ,'G 'co cream lG"uS Inc fountains
VIII, c'oSe "o"" WIN inc IIrS' uaSn oi
COZ" "'o'"or' o''opor Is usually
SET "oW' as '''e "o"u me Ill ''e Soua
water p"S'"'SS'
Norfolk iirCmCn have arranged n
The Norfolk weekly news-journal., 1907-09-27

Get your door-bel repaired before
advertising for boarders or roomers.
The Norfolk weekly news-journal., 1907-09-27
IS KNOCKED FROM ENGINE
ENGINEER ELLERBRocK STRIKES
SIDE OF BRIDGE.
AND is SENT INTO THE WATER

Standing in the Gangway, Engineer
ElIerbrock Of the 5onestee Freight
Train is Dropped Into the Creek Be.
low and Quite Badly Hurt.
The Norfolk weekly news-journal., 1907-09-27

Try a News want ad.
Los Angeles herald., 1907-04-26
PENNY MYSTERY
SOLVED At LAST
After Sixteen Years Chicago Postoffice
Officials Learn of a One Cent
Draft Held by
Citizen
By Associated Press.


CHICAGO, April 25.-For the last
sixteen years the Chicago postofice has
had a surplus of l cent on its books.
No one has been able to find the
source of the surplus or to whom the
money was due until yesterday, when
w. L. Clucas, a special agent of the
North American Life Assurance COM
pany, notified postoffice authorities that
he held a draft for l cent on the Of
fee. 1t was issued on January 5, 1891,
to his father, w. ]. Clucas Of Elbanon,
Ill.
w. ]. Clucas was postmaster Of Le-
banon, ILL.,, in the administration of
Grover Cleveland. At the end of
CleVelands term of Office Mr.. Clucas
sent in his statement.
1t then appeared that he had sent in
cent too much. 1t was returned to
him In the form Of draft. Mr.. Clucas
wishing to keep the draft as re-
membrance, never cashed it. After his
death in 1899, the draft was turned
over to his son, who kept II as q
relic.
After the settlement of the estate
Mr.. Clucas found 1t never could be
cashed, as his father had not Endorsed
it in his name. For this reason the
postofice auditor never will be able
to balance his books unless Mr.. Clucas
takes the matter into court.
Los Angeles herald., 1907-04-26
SOURCE OF FUNDS
WORRIES PEARY
Explorer Wondering Where Fnarces
for Dash to Pole VIII Come
From-Has Confidence
in Outcome
BY Associated Press.

BY Associated Press.
NEW YORK, April 25.-Robert e.
Peary more hopeful than ever OF
reaching the pole, is rushing his prepa-
rations to take the Roosevelt north
again. He proposes to leave New York
by the end of June, or in the first week
in July. After wintering on the north
coast of Grantland he will make his
dash for the coveted prize in February
and hopes to return triumphant about
fourteen months after steaming from
New York.
Only the lack of absolute certainty
that enough money will be Forthcoming
to finance the expedition is troubling
him.
"It is incredible with so many men
in New York who could spare $100, 900
without missing it, that the expedition
should have to be abandoned for lack
of funds" said Mr.. Peary yesterday.
Honestly, 1 have no doubt that the
money will come from somewhere,
though I have no absolute assurance
of 1t as yet"
Mr.. Peary regrets that a statement
was recently made that he had $4,000
in hand to finance his expedition.
Forty thousand is the absolute limit
of my resources so far" he said, "and
the expedition cannot start until the
amount is increased to 100000"
Los Angeles herald., 1907-04-26
DEBTS MAY BE PAID BUT
DISGRACE WILL REMAIN
By Associated Press,

NEW YORK, April 25.---The second
case of Major Francis p. FVemont, VINO
has been on trial before al court mar
tial here for some time on a charge Of
gentleman, as a result of several hnan-
cial transactions, was completed and
submitted to the full court today. The
verdict of the court will be reported
TO Maj. Gen. II. ID. Grant, after which
Il may be made public,
In submitting the case to the court
the Judge advocate, after saying that
some Of the charges had been proven
by the evidence, concluded by saying;
would not wipe out the disgrace which
attaches to Mai. Fremonts effort 70
eyade the payment OF his debts and
would only be an excuse for clemency."
Los Angeles herald., 1907-04-26
TRAIN WRECKERS
SHOOT MARSHAL
ATTEMPT TO BURN BRIDGE IN
INDIANA
One Man Captured but Three Others
Escape-Robbery or Revenge
Is the Probable
Motive
BY Associated Press.

BY Associated Press
EVANSVILLE, Ind, April 25-An
attempt to set fire to a bridge upon
the Southern railway, near Temple
Ind, for motives of revenge or for
the purpose of robbery were frus-
trated early today by w. e. Cummins,
the town marshal of English, Ind, who
was shot twice by two men believed
to be the guilty parties.
About midnight the night operator
at Temple saw a fire in the middle of
the bridge near his station. Going to
the spot he found a bunch of waste
burning and extinguished it. After
he returned three freight trains passed
the station. When they had passed he
again saw flames upon the bridge and
upon investigation found the bridge
had been set on fire the second time
He notified the train dispatcher at
Princeton, who telephoned the marshal
of English to go to the bridge on a
train which was then arriving at Eng
lish, and pick up all suspicious men
along the track. After leaving Eng
lish he came upon two men, halted
them and demanded that they give
an account of themselves. One of the
men opened fire upon the marshal,
shooting him twice, wounding him in
the hip and bowels.
Those who were with the marshal
succeeded in arresting one of the men,
but the other got away. A posse is
being organized to search for the man
who shot the marshal.
The latest information indicates that
there were four men in the party and
that they have been located in the
woods near English.
The man arrested refuses to talk.
Los Angeles herald., 1907-04-26
NEW STAMPS FOR
THE FIL|PIN0S
Government Adopts Distinctive Series,
Values and colors Being SINH
lar to Those Used by
Uncle Sam
By Associated Press.

WASHINGTON April 25 - The
Philippine government has adopted a
distinctive series of postage stamps
which were proposed by the bureau of
engraving and printing. The values
and colors correspond with those of
the United States postal service, but
the denominations are expressed in
pesos and centaYos.
The portraits of Rial, a Filipino pa
triot and author; Mckinley; Magellan.
who discovered the Islands; Legaspi,
the first governor general; Lawton
Lincoln. Sampson, Washington, Frank
lin and Carriedo, Spanish philanthro-
pist, appear on the stamps OF less than
one, peso and those OF one peso or more
bear the coat of arms OF the Philip
pines.
The Philippine government has also
put in circulation series Of silver GER
tifcates, authorized by congress. The
face OF these certificates bears por-
traits OF Rial. Mckinley, washing
ton, Lawton, Magellan and Legaspi
They are OF 2, 8, 10, 20, SO. 100 and 50l
peso denominations and they show thai
their face value Is covered by a de,
posit OF Philippine silver coin, OF
United States gold coin, In the insulal
! treasury.
Los Angeles herald., 1907-04-26
LARD IS CAUSE
Of BIC BLAZE
HALF A MILLION POUNDS
DESTROYED
Fire in Allegheny Packing House is
Exceedingly SpectacuIar-Dozen
Big Ammonia Tanks
Explode
Rv Associated Press.

By Associated PreSS.
PITTSBURG, April 25.-One Of the
most remarkable and spectacular fires
seen in this vicinity started last night
in the william Zoeller Packing COM
pany plant in Allegheny, across the
river from this city.
EARLY today when the fire was
thought to be under control a large
fireproof warehouse in which was
stored half a million pounds of lard
suddenly burst into flames. Attempts
to extinguish the fire in this depart
ment were futile, and the tiremen
finally fastened the iron doors of the
building, shutting in the burning lard.
The interior of the building soon be-
came a seething furnace. Squirting
from crevasses, doors and windows
streams of hot grease ran into sort
os trench hurriedly prepared in an en-
deavor. to prevent the hot fluid from
spreading over the surrounding terri
tory.
Danger was encountered at every
turn by the firemen who stood by in
case the walls of the warehouse should
collapse and prevent the blazing lard
from reaching adjoining property.
Shortly after the fire was discovered
last night and while thousands Of
spectators were gathered in the vicin-
ity dozen large ammonia tanks ex-
ploded with terrific force. There was
panic among the spectators, but no
one was injured.
The fire was first discovered in the
killing department Of the plant and Is
supposed to have been caused by
crossed electric wires. Owing to the
inflammable nature of the grease
soaked wooden work this building was
SION beyond control.
At o'clock this morning the fire
had practically burned itself out and
1t was then said that 100000 would
be a conservative estimate of the loss.
Los Angeles herald., 1907-04-26
ROYAL RELATIVES
. REACH AGREEMENT
King Alfonso and King Edward Have
Harmonious Meeting and Each
Ratifles Everything the
other Wants
Rv Associated Press.

BY Associated Press.
MADRID, April 25.-The meeting of
King Alfonso and King Edward at
Cartagena, according to the Correspon-
dencia de La Espana, which says it
has diplomatic authority for the story,
resulted in the perfection Of far
reaching understanding for the pur-
pose OF war and peace.
Everything concerning Morocco was
ratified, everything in reference to the
general European situation was dis
cussed and the basis formulated of an
agreement which is now in the hands
of the diplomatists.
The outcome, according to the Cor
respondencia, Is the result OF the COM
petition between Germany and Great
Britain for an understanding with
Spain, in which Great Britain has
scored all along.
The Correspondence represents Great
Britain as agreeing in effect that II
Spain would allow Spanish naval ports
to be used by Britain's fleet the latter
would help Spain in the conversion of
her existing debt. British squadrons
would guarantee the security of the
Spanish coasts, the Spanish land forces
would, II necessary, be allies OF the
British and the British forces would be
at the disposal Of Spain should the
latter need them.
Spain's obligation under the agree
ment would be TO put her arsenals In
order and to fortify her ports.
Los Angeles herald., 1907-04-26
OUTRAGED HUSBAND
STOPS CAR SYSTEM
HOLDS UP CONDUCTORS WITH
ACLUB
Some One Had Wlnked at His Wife,
and Business Man Wanted
Trouble In Big Sec
tlons
BY Associated Press.

BY Associated Press.
CHICAGO. April 25.-A dispatch to
the Tribune from Atlanta, Ca, says;
Armed with a heavy club, Oscar
Iuggard, a husband of two months
held UP dozen trolley cars in At
lanta yesterday and demoralized the
entire system in an effoffrt to find q
conductor who winked at his bride.
Huggard stationed Himself on White
hall street a main thoroughfare. and
when a car appeared he leaped aboard,
rushed to the conductor and brandish-
ing his club, cried:
"Are you the man that winked at
my wife?"
''winked at your wife?" the conduc-
tor said, "Why, 1 never saw you or
her either before in all my life"
Wants to Argue
After an argument of ten minutes
or more that brought all the men in
the car to the platform, the motorman
was allowed to go on. But the hus-
band resumed his watch, waiting for
the next car.
Five cars were held up in this man
ner without finding the winker, and
then Huggard brought Mrs. Huggard
into action.
Together they held W seven more
cars without finding the conductor who
winked.
BY this time traffic on the White
hall division was demoralized. The
police arrested Huggard. He is a busi-
ness man, and promptly gave bond.
According to Mrs. Huggard, as she
left car she had been winked at by
one of the conductors.