The Montgomery advertiser., 1907-12-04

piy those relating to the interpretation
 al stipuiations are susceptible of being sub
 mitted to obligatory arbitration without
 any restriction."~
 the discussion the vote upon the definite
 treaty of obligatory arbitration. which was
 proposed, stood 32 in favor to against the
 adoption of the treaty. there can be little
 doubt that the great majority of the scoun-
 tries of the world have reached point
 where they are now ready to apply prac- ttcaily the principles thus unanimously
 agreed upon by the Conference.
 The second advance. and a very great one.
 is the agreement which relates to the use
 of force for the collection of contract debts Your attention is invited to the paragraphs
 upon this subject in my Message of Decern- Der. 1906. and to the resolution of the Third American Conference at Rio in the summer of 1906. The convention upon this subject adopted by the Conference substan- tiaily as proposed by the American dele Tn order to avoid between nations armed conflicts of a purely pecuniary origin aris-
 ing from contractual debts claimed of the government of one country by the govern ment of another country to be due to It's nationals. the signatory Powers agree not to have recourse to armed force for the col lection of such contractual debts.
 However, this stipulation shall not be applicable when the debtor State refuses or leaves unanswered an offer to arbftrate, or. in of acceptance. makes It impossible | to formulate the terms. of submission. or.
 after arbitration. fails to comply with the award rendered..
 "It is further agreed that arbitration here | contemplated shall be in conformity as to | procedure. with Chapter III of the Conven- | tion for the Pacific Settlement of lnterna- tional Disputes adopted at The Hague, and that it shall determine. in so far as there | shall be no agreement between the parties, I the justice and the amount of the debt: | the time and mode of payment thereof. Such a provision would have prevented much injustice and extortion in the past, l and I cannot doubt that it's effect in the al,rtssN sNuf
 A third advance has been made in amend I ing and perfectins the convention of )sss for the voluntary settlement Of internation- l al disputes, and particularly the extension I of those parts of that convention which re- l late to commission of inquiry. The exist l ence of those provisions enabled the Govern I war, notwithstanding great public excite | ment, at the time of the Dogger Bank in | cident. and the new convention agreed upon | the experience gained in that inquiry.
 | Substantial progress was also made to. l wards the creation of a permanent judicial | ttonal causes There was very full discus 1 sion of the proposal for such~a court ana a l general agreement was finally reached m | favor of its creation. The Conference re
 commended to the signatory Powers the adoption of a draft upon which It agreed l for the organization of the court. leaving 10 | he determined only the method by wnich l the judges should be selected. This re- l maining unsettled question is plainly one I which time and good temper will solve. | A further agreement of tne first import l ance was that for the creation of an inter- l national prize court. The constitution or | ganization and procedure of such Tipu- l nal were provided tor in detail. Anyone l who recalls the iniustices under which this l country suffered as a neutral power durins the early part of the last century can not | fail to in this provision Tor an lhterna | tional prize court the great advance which | the world is making towards the supstltu- | tion of the rule of reason and ustice m I Mot nnI | International prize court be the means of | protecting the interests of neutrals. but It Is Min itself a step towards the creation or the more general court for the hearing oI inter- l national controversies to which reference l has just been made. Tne org ahizdIion VI | such a prize court can not fail to accustom l the different countries to the submission ol | international questions to the decision of an | international tribunal. and we may cohIi- | dently expect the results of such submission | to bring about a general agreement upon | the enlargement of the practice.
 | Numerous provisions were adopted TOT l reducing the evil effects of war and Tor oe-
 fining the rights and duties or neu. sor .h:
 The Conference also provided Tor the | holding of a third Conference within pc | riod similar to that which elapsed between l the First and Second Conferences. | The delegates of the United States worth | ily represented the spirit of the American | people and maintained with tioehty anu
 ability the policy of our government h n u1Ss tSs
 ali the great questions discussed in the
 The report of the delegation. together
 with copies of the S hsont | the Senate, for its consideration. . | When we remember how difficult It is | for one of our own legislative pooies. coll- | posed of citizens of the same country 1 speaking the same language. living unnei l the same laws. and having the same GUS | toms to reach an agreement. or even 10 SC | cure a majority upon any difficult ana im' 1 portant subject which is proposed Tor leg | iglation it becomes plain that the represent | atives of forty-five different countries' | speaking many different languages, accus- | toned to different methods of procedure: | with widely diverse interests. who discussed q | so many different subjects and reacheu l agreements upon many. are entitled to grateful appreciation for the wisdom. pa | tience, and moderation with which they
 have discharged their duty The exampie l of this temperature discussion ana the | agreements and the efforts to agree. among 1 representatives of all the nations or the 1 earth, acting with universal recognition or | the supreme obligation to promote peace 1 can not fail to be a powerful influence Tor l good in future international relations
 Cuba.
 year ago in consequence of a revolu- l tionary movement in Cuba. which threaten
 ed the immediate return to chaos of the | island, the United States intervened. send l ing down and army and establishing a pro l yisional government under Governor Magoon. l Absolute quiet and prosperity have return | ed to the island because of this action We
 are now taking steps to provide for cleo 1 tions in the island and our expectation is
 within the coming year to De
 able to turn the Island over again l to a government chosen /by the people thereof Cuba is at doors. It is not 1 possible that this nation should permit Cuba ! to again sink into the condition from which | we rescued it. All that we ask or tne Gu
 han people is that they be prosperous. that l they govern themselves So as to bring
 content. order and progress to their island. 1 the Queen of the Antilles: and our only l interference has been and will be to help [ them achieve these results
 The Japanese Exposition.
 An invitation has been extended by Japan l to the Government and people of the united | States to participate in a great National ! exposition to be held at Tokyo from April ! to October 3l. 1912. and in which the | principal countries of the world are to be 1 invited to take part. This is an occasion | of special interest to all the nations of the ! world and peculiarly to us: for 1t IS | the first instance in which such a great ] national exposition has been held by great l power dwelling on the Pacific: and all the | nations of Europe and America will. trust, l join in helping to success the tlrst sred | exposition ever held by a great natioh ol | Asia The geographical relations of Japan l and the United States the posSessots ol
 such large portions of the coasts or tne Fa- a | cific, the intimate trade relations aFeauS | existing between the two countries. the | warm friendship which has been maintain 1 ed between them without a break since the opening of Japan to intercourse with the | western nations. and her increasing wealth and production which we regard with hear l ty goodwill and wish to make the occaslnn | of mutually beneficial commerce. all unite 1 in making it eminently desirable that thls | invitation should he accepted. heartiiV | recommend such legislation as will proVi"e l in generous fashion for the representation l of this Government and its people Tn the | proposed exposition, Action should be tax
 now. We are apt to underestinate l'' th"