davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1907-07-14
Was 1t Aluminium

A incident in Roman history, well anthem
\ ticated, would seem to indicate that
aluminium, instead of being new, may be only
another discovery of an old process.
1t is related by Pliny that during the reign
OF the Emperor Tibcrius, certain worker in
metals appeared at the palace and showed a
beautiful cup made of brilliant white metal
that shone like silver. In presenting it to
the Emperor, the artifcer purposely dropped
it. The goblet was so bruised by the fall that
it seemed hopeessly injured but the workman
took his hammer, and in the presence of the
court speedily repaired the damage 1t was
evident that the metal was not silver, although
almost as brilliant. 1t was more durable and
much lighter.
The Emperor so runs the story questioned
the man, and learned that he had extracted
the metal from an argillaceous earth-prob-
ably the clay known to modern chemists as
alumina. Tiberius then asked if anyone be-
sides the worker knew of the process, and
received the proud reply that the secret was
known only to the speaker and to Jupiter.
The answer was fatal The Emperor had
reflected that if it was possible to obtain such
a metal from common substance as clay,
the value of gold and silver would be reduced,
and he determined to avert such catastrophe.
He caused the workshops of the discoverer to
be destroyed, and the luckless artifcer HIM
self to be decapitated, so that his secret might
perish with him.
1t is possible that the cruelty of Tiberius
deprived the world for centuries of the use
OF the valuable metal aluminium.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1907-07-14
Some Peculiarities of Implosion

EVERYONE knows what an explosion is;
u but its opposite, an implosion, is less
familiar. At great depths in the sea the con-
ditions are favorable for it's production. At
twenty-five hundred fathoms the pressure is,
roughly speaking, two and half tons to the
square inch; that is to say, several times
greater than the pressure exerted by the steam
upon the piston of powerful engine.
An interesting experiment to illustrate the
enormous force of this deep sea pressure was
not long ago made on the Albatross Gov
eminent vessel engaged in deep sea exploration.
A thick glass tube several inches in length
full of air was Theoretically sealed at both
ends This wasfwrapped, in flannel and placed
in one of the wide copper cylinders, used to
protect deep sea thermometers when they
sent down with the sounding apparatus. The
copper cylinder had holes bored in it, SO that the
water had free access inside, round the glass.
The case was then sents down to depth of
two thousand fathoms, and drawn up again.
1t was found that the cylinder was bulged
and bent inward, just as if it had been crum-
pied inward by being violently squeezed. The
glass tube itself, within it's flannel wrapper,
was reduced to a fine powder, almost like
snow. The glass tube, it would seem, it
slowly descended, held out long against the
pressure, but at last Suddenly gave way and
was crushed by the violence of the action to
a fine powder.
This process, exactly the reverse of an ex-
plosion, is termed an implosion.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1907-07-14
As Hard as the Diamond

THE diamond has always been regarded as
possessing one quality which placed it
beyond rivalry, namely, that of hardness.
There are several gems which compete with it
in beauty, and at least one, the ruby, when of
rare size and quality, outranks it in costliness.
But none in the whole list equals it in hard
ness.
Diamond cut diamond has become a
popular saying The hardest steel cannot
equal the diamond in that respect. The dia-
mond, says the highest authority on the SUBJ
ject, Government scientist at Washington,
is the hardest form of matter known
But science advances, and if Nature has
set aside for her kind of gems the distinction
of unparalleled hardness, the art of man has
not been equally considerate. There are at
least two products of chemical experiment
which have proved, according to the great
French chemist, Henri Moissan, to be as hard
as diamonds. These are produced from the
rare metal ttanium. Moissan has succeeded
in preparing titanium in the electric furnace
In the pure form it is harder than steel or
quartz, and when combined with silicon or
boron so as to form a silicide or boride of
ttaniun, it matches the diamond itself in
hardness
Titanium resembles tin in its chemical prop
critics, and it is the characteristic element in
the beautiful red and brown crystals of rutile
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1907-07-14
Ingenious Use of Photography

BEFORE the days of books, parchments be-
- came SO costly that economical scholars
erased more or less perfectly what had been
written, and used them a second time. In
this manner some highly interesting and valua-
BILE manuscripts have been lost to the world.
But in many cases the ancient characters are
still family visible. Twice used manu-
scripts are called palimpsests, and many mod
ern scholars have strained their eyes in the
effort to decipher the original writing.
Of late years photography has been success
fully applied in Germany for this work. The
color of the faded ink of the older writing on
palimpsest is yellow. Aphotograph of such
manuscript was made through yellow screen.
The result was negative on which the old writ
ing was barely discernible, being little darker
than the background, while the later black
writing was found to appear distinctly as white
letters.
Next an ordinary negative on bromide
plate was made, and from this was produced
a transparent positive on which both writings
appeared dark and about equally distinct.
Then the transparency was superimposed on
the first negative so that the dark letters of
the later writing covered the light letters,
representing the same writing in the negative.
They were thus eliminated, being indistinguish-
ably merged with the general dark background
produced by the combination of positive and
negative. But the earlier characters since
they were dark in both cases, appeared in the
combination intensely black and distinct.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1907-07-14
The Press in the Arctic Region

THERE exist at present several jour-
L that make their appearance only ond
year. They are published within the conf
of the north polar circle. THE Eskimo /
letin," for example, is edited near Cape Pr1
of Wales, on Bering Strait.
Here, in a village inhabited by Eskimos,
English missionaries have established a sch|
and as only one steamer lands at this pl]
and that only once a year. the news tina
brings is consigned to sheet of paper prirI
with the photograph. Its. size is eight
twelve inches. The paper is very thick,
only one surface is used.
This Eskimo Bulletin" in a subj
claims to be the "only yearly paper" T
however. is an error; for there is an ann
sheet published in Godthaab, Greenla
where a small printing office was establis
in 1862, whence news sheets and lithogra +
prints have been issued. The journal in a.
ton is entitled "Atnagagdlintit, nalinginarr
misunderstanding" that is, Something
reading; accounts of all sorts of entertain
subjects" The language is that of Greenla
a dialect of the Eskimo.
There is still another periodical published
Greenland, under the name of kaladlit. "
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1907-07-14
Sugar as Food

GONE interesting experiments with reference
~ to the nutritive value of foods containing
sugar were recently made at the instance of
the War Office at Berlin.
1t is a fact well known to Alpine tourists
that on difficult climbing excursions an in
creased desire is felt for sweets and sweetened
foods, and many who never touch such things
at home devour large quantities of them on
these tours. 1t is also frequently remarked
that the guides eagerly appropriate any sugar
that may be left over, and consume it on the
journey. Whether the sugar afforded real
benefit to the mountain climber was the SUBJ
ject of the German investigation; that is,
did the consumption of sugar render the tired
muscles capable of renewed exertion9
To answer the question conclusively the
subject of the experiment was not allowed to
know that test was being made. One day a
sweet liquid, containing thirty grams of sugar,
was administered; the next a similar
liquid, sweetened by saccharin to render it in
distinguishable from the other as far as taste
was concerned, took the place of the sugar
The result was complete triumph for the
sugar. 1t was found that greater amount of
work could be accomplished on the days when
the sugar was given than on those when saccha-
rim took its place This serves as far as it goes
to prove that sugar is food in true sense, and
that it is in particular food for the muscles
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1907-07-14
Ananias Club Qualification

On recent trip south to visit his daug
~ Congressman j. Sloat Fassett of Eli
New York, stopped in Washington and q
on the President. He went to the W
House accompanied by Secretary Root
flake care!" said Mr.. Root, as they
tered President Roosevelt's presence -
comes a shrewd politician
Z" believe | had rather be so classed
as one of the undesirables, retorted
gresham Fassett.
Which had you. rather be-" continued
Root, the President all the while taking il
conversation, " an undesirable or a memb
the Ananias Club"
The former is out of the question, an
to the Ananias Club, must confess nv.
rance regarding the qualifications for men
ship Mr.. Fassett replied.
10 become a member of the AM
Club" said President Roosevelt, prescri
the qualifications with strenuous emph
it is necessary that you desire a thin
fercely that, no matter what the President
about it, you think he says just what
want him to say
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1907-07-14

These, in the shape of needles, are some
found penetrating large white quartz cry
forming gems that the French call 81
arrows"
The Lexington intelligencer. [volume] (Lexington, Mo.) 1901-1949, 1907-09-14
Dress Goods

We are showing the largest stock of
Dress goods this fall we have ever shown.
These chilly days and nights call for heav-
Ter dresses. Already dress makers are
being rushed. Don't wait until your dress
maker has so much promised ahead that
she can't do your work. No better oppor-
tunity can possibly be offered you for buy
ing than we now offer.
Beautiful Brown shades in the new de-
sirable weaves.
Rich Wines-so very popular this tall
we have in high, medium, and lower
grade fabrics.
Lovely Greens, another popular color
is shown in an abundance of new and stylish
caves
Our prices on dress goods are on the
same basis as everything else in this store.
The profit a little less than others are salts
fed to make.
The Lexington intelligencer. [volume] (Lexington, Mo.) 1901-1949, 1907-09-14
Our Carpet
Department.

Our carpet department has been re-
moved TO the rear end of our big basement.
Here we have handsomely furnished large
room with one entire side of windows so
that plenty of light may be had. This
department has beer greatly enlarged
and added to. A more Convenient or pleas
ant trading place could not be found than
this large comfortable department. with
its splendid stock and easy facilities for
showing. -
In this department we carry Rugs, Art
Squares, Ingram Carpets, Mattings, Fill
inps, Linoleum, Oil Cloth, Lace Curtains,
Swiss Curtains, Window Shades and
Fixtures.
The Lexington intelligencer. [volume] (Lexington, Mo.) 1901-1949, 1907-09-14

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nhhm@eE wdM@b qmy d@mWN mhm@y@ @0 wq F%h H@hem interests this %em dts customers
wb@@tM Merchandise @hmEnwP prices. hhVmH@b h@@% MT%
The Lexington intelligencer. [volume] (Lexington, Mo.) 1901-1949, 1907-09-14
Shirt Waists

We have bought-and they are arriving
a line of shirt waists unequalled by any ever
shown before. The line consists of Beautiful
nets, Embroidered Chiffons, POplin, silk Taf-
feta and Batistes, made after the most stylish
patterns, by thoroughly reliable makers.
The Lexington intelligencer. [volume] (Lexington, Mo.) 1901-1949, 1907-09-14
Ladies' Suits

You will find the height of style embodied
in this line. The fitting qualities are almost
perfect and the material of splendid quality.
The prices prevailing in this department
you will find in keeping with our low prices in
all other departments-Prices that have made
this store always popular.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1907-12-09
The Bernadotte Dynasty.

In 1871 Jean Baptiste Jules Bernadotte.
the son of an obscure provincial attor-
ney, was a private of French marines.
In 1870. while the storm which swept
France was rising to its most tragic
height. he was made a suba!tern. In
1874 he was appointed general of d.
vision by the revolutionary government.
He later became one of Napoleons most
efficient commanders in the field, but
there was no close relationship between
the two. In 179S Bernadotte married q
sister-in-law of Joseph Bonaparte, and
thus became allied with the reigning fam
lily, He was appointed minister of war
but was compelled to retire. Upon the
establishment of the empire he was Gre
ated a marshal of France and Prince OF
Ponte-Corvo.
These facts are important to bear in
mind in considering the death. at Stock.
holm. of King Oscar II Of Sweden, grand
son OF Bernadotte. 1t is a remarkable
commentary upon the fortunes of men and
nations that nearly a century after the
collapse of Napoleonic empire. from which
sprang numerous royal titles for the bene.
fit of the members of the Bonaparte fam
lily, a direct descendant of the obscure
provincial attorneys son should bequeatt
to his own son royal crown possessed
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1907-12-09

| by the family for now four generations.
| Where Napoleon failed to found dy-
| nasty Bernadotte succeeded. True, the
| Swedish crown was an humble one COM
| pared with the glttering diadems that
Napoleon bestowed upon his favorltes.
But its tender came to Bernadotte from
the Swedish people. He was not forced
upon them. Their ruler was aged and
| the heir apparent, named by the diet,
had died in a mysterious manner never
cleared. The diet then rendered the sue
| cession to the Prince of Ponte-Corvo.
Napoleon gave his consent doubtless be-
lieving that thereby he secured the adher-
ence of Sweden to the French fortunes.
In this he was bitterly disappointed, for
Bernadotte, whose influence as heir ap-
parent was powerful. was true to his new
allegiance.
King Oscars grandfather, the original
Bernadotte, ruled for twenty-six years
QS1S-1S4D. He was succeeded by his
son. Oscar l. who reigned fifteen years
QS44-1S5O. Oscar 1 was succeeded by
his eldest son, Carl XIV, who died in 1872,
after reign of thirteen years. Oscar IL,
the brother of Carl then assembled the
throne and his rule has lasted thrty-five
years Thus four Bernadottes, represent
ing three generations, have held the
Swedish throne for nearly ninety years,
remarkable record of longevity and I'M
disturbed rule.
The separation of Norway from the
dual monarchy was a sad blow to Oscar,
who undoubtedly did all in his power to
conciliate the Norwegians when they
moved toward severance of relations.
The Partition. however, was then inevi-
table The line of national cleavage had
become too distinctly marked and the lit
tie anmosites and jealousies had been
permitted to go to the point of actual
hostility. 1t is probable that If Oscar
had beer less inclined to the Swedish
point of view and had constituted him
self truly king of all the Scandinavians
he would have continued to the end of
his rule to hold sway over the people of
the whole peninsula.
Oscars reign has been progressive and
peaceful. save for the Norwegian seces-
sion. 1t has been marked by notable
advances in popular education and in
steady betterment of the condition of
the people. The emigration of many
thousands of Swedes to the United States
greatly distressed the aged monarch in
recent years, and one of the last acts
of his long rule was the starting of in
quiries calculated to determine the pos
sibility of inducing these emigrants to re-
turn to Sweden.
King Gustav is no novice as ruler,
having on several occasions served as his
fathers proxy during periods of illness.
At the age of forty-nine he ascends the
in tic Vic
promising long reign and a prosperous
one
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1907-12-09
Chicago.

The selection of Chicago as the place
for holding the republican national con-
vention was neither an administration nor
an anti-administration victory, nor yet a
triumph for any particular presidential
boom First and foremost came the
question of entertaining great many
people at time of unusual activity and
excitement. and Chicago easily held the
advantage over her two rival bidders
The choice was well made, for although
we are all reminded that the railroads
have stopped issuing free passes. there
need be no fear as to the size of next
years attendance. 1t may prove to be
the largest meeting of the kind ever
held. For what with the interest felt In
the Presidents attitude toward the NOM
ination and the interest felt in the diff
ferent booms, Chicago should find even
her large resources as an entertainer Sc
verely taxed.
Senator Warner spoke pleasantly about
the help the republicans of Missouri
would receive by the selection of Kansas
City. 1t was one of those specious pleas
which a lawyer politician with a weak
case knows how to make. The committee
so appraised it. enjoyed it, and set it
aside. Missouri should be good fighting
ground for the republicans next year,
but is not to be won by any means but
by the best of candidates standing on the
soundest of platforms. Such a candidate
and such a platform offered at Chicago
should accomplish everything reasonably
to be expected from Missouri.
As respects the candidates. all should
feel comfortable. Mr.. Cannon will be
very near home. Mr.. Fairbanks Judge
Taft and Mr.. Foraker are near neighbours
and will not be strangers in town. Gov
Hughes lives at a distance. but his boom
is not of the ordinary kind. Such senti-
ment as demands his nomination is not
augmentable by the everyday political
methods: and should it grow, as his
friends hope, it will prevail in the Windy
city, as it would in Oshkosh, Kalamazoo,
Kankakee or Ell Paso, Tex. Gallery or
street procession plays. or combinations
made in hotel Hobbies or committee room
corners, are not the hope of the Hughes
men.
For the superstitious-and politics is full
of superstition-there is comfort in the
record. In 1880 third-term movement
was defeated at Chicago, and man
prominent in the opposition was nomi-
mated and elected President. In 1885 Gen.
Harrison was nominated there, and de-
feated Mr.. Cleveland, with all the federal
patronage in the latter's hands, and in
the most liberal use in the campaign.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1907-12-09
Wrong Number!

OF all the varied telephone worries
there is none worse than that caused by
the wrong number blunder. Sometimes
the call comes when everything is at the
height of a rush. Sometimes it comes at
night, when the slumber god is on his
throne. Sometimes it comes when the
nearest communicate is downstairs or
upstairs, and a rush to the phone has to
be made to respond to the summons
Then. after doing everything possible to
lessen the wait and to receive the mes
sage whose Importance is presaged by
the long and imperative ringing of the
bell, it is, to say the least, somewhat pro-
voking to have the other end call out a
strange name and disclose the error of
central" And it is just as disagreeable
to the other one.
This sort of thing is happening too
often in Washington just now for the
comfort of the community. There is a
veritable epidemic of wrong number
it's" Whether the fault is chiefly that
of the operator girls or the people who
call forth their numbers, the fact remains
that unusually many mistakes are being
made, and a CORRESPONDENCE large amount
of i'll temper is being aroused.
Some people do not pronounce the num-
bers clearly enough when making a
phone call But few people actually give
the wrong number. The girl at central is
more than likely the guilty one. In her
hurry-a commendable trait when gov
eraed by accuracy-she is apt to get the
call wrong, and sometimes she slaps away
at the switch even before the calling
party has finished pronouncing the COM
bination. This is a case of more haste,
less speed" Everybody would be hap
pier if the girls were to make sure of the
number at first call. then work with pre-
cision. There is little satisfaction in a
service which, however speedy, is in IL
per cent of cases incorrect And the peo-
pie who are wrongly aroused by the tele-
phone bells are inclined to regard the
telephone system as nuisance rather
than benefit.
This annoyance can be cured by the
telephone authorities, and for the sake of
the Christmas peace of mind of Washing
toniaps it is 10 be hoped that they will
make an immediate effort to do So
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1907-12-09
A Conspiracy Against Roosevelt.

In quarters friendly to the President
and presumably prepared to support him
again next year # he decides to make the
race, there is revival of the story, first
circulated some months ago, of a con-
spiracy of very rich men, with headquar-
tiers in New York, to not only force the
President out of the running, but defeat
the nomination of any republican aspirant
to the succession believed to be strongly in
sympathy with the Roosevelt policies.
Particulars are lacking, but the play, as
described in general terms, is for the nom
ination of ''reactionary," who will be
pledged, more Or less secretly, to a course
less objectionable than the Presidents to
corporate interests, and particularly the
railroads.
This, in way, harks back to the late
winter and early spring of 1904. At that
time there was a conspiracy such as now
described to sdetrack Mr.. Roosevelt and
bring forward Mr.. Hanna. 1t operated
from New York, and connected with all
sections of the country. For a season,
too, it attracted good deal of attention
little too much attention, indeed, for
Mr.. Roosevelt. seeing the purpose, prompt
ly challenged it, and not only dished it,
for himself. In the end the men and news
papers behind the movement, finding
themselves forced to choose between Mr..
Roosevelt, supported by the republican
party, and Judge Parker. supported by
the Organized democracy, chose the for
mer.
The present situation differs materially
from that Every consideration of good
politics and common sense called for Mr..
Roosevelt's nomination then. He was in
office, the party was standing upon his
record, and he deserved election. To turn
from him, and especially in favor of a
representative of mere wealth, would be
to go to certain defeat. The country, it
was certain, would not accept Mr.. Hanna,
or any other republican, in such circum-
stances.
Today Mr.. Roosevelts leading policies
are fxed-so much SO that they would
not be imperiled by the election of any
republican whose name figures in next
years calculations. The offending trusts
and railroads have been halted, and it Is
inconceivable that they could resume their
criminal operations under any national
administration. Mr.. Roosevelt has done
that portion of his work SO we'll that not
even he is essential to its continuation.
This new conspiracy, therefore, what
ever it's purpose and whatever it's rami-
fications, need not disturb Mr.. Roosevelt
so far as his policies are concerned. In
1904 he had the most striking part of his
work still to do. Now, that work is done,
and cannot be undone. He can we'll at
ford to stand by his unequivocal declara-
ton against a third term, and also to
leave to his party, without interference
by him, the duty it is fully prepared to
discharge of selecting it's next standard
bearer.