Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1907-07-16

T.. II. LdIlnSkys TetIIeQ army OmCeT
and engineer. gave out a statement
yesterday concerning new process Of
making steel which he said would go
far toward reducing the number of
broken rails. a subject which the
State railroad commission recently
thought worthy Of an extended in
vestigation. In it's report to the
governor the commission stated that
during the past winter, especially in
the three months ending March 81,
1907, there had been a total Of 3.014
breakages on the principal steam lines
Of this State alone, and during the
corresponding three months Of 1906, a
total of 1926.
According to Mr.. Zalinsky newer
and a better process Of making steel
rails is known, with a corresponding
assurance Of fewer accidents through
the breakage OF rails. He says that
the new process is being used with
splendid results in England. Germany.
France, and Belgium, and that the
United States alone Is backward in
using the process.
According to his assertion, the
United States Steel Corporation has
been asked by several Of the larger
railroads to make the rails which
these companies use by the new pro-
cess a request which has been denied.
That it would reduce the number Of
accidents through broken rails very
considerably, Mr.. Zalinsky said, was
self-evident fact. He would not,
however, venture on an estimate Of
the percentage Of reduction which
would be caused by using the newer
and better made rails. The only addt-
tional expense which would be entailed
upon the United States Steel Corpora
ton in making the steel. he said. would
be the machinery which will be re-
quired for the new process.
The new process is known as the
Hermet 1T is a process of compress
sion" Mr.. Zallnsky went on to ex-
plain. I'm the process of qualification
the object is to, as far as possible,
prevent the formation of defects which
are found in ingots allowed to cool
undisturbed.
THE steel within the ingot mold,
though it may be Of the finest quality
while in the liquid state, can COM
pletely change its character during the
passage into the mold. 1t may either
be left to shrink freely; may be sub
jected to compression by the With
worth system. or subjected to COM
preston by the Hermet system.
without studying successfully any
Of these systems it should be re-
marked that liquid steel Immediately
on being poured into the mold forms a
solid crust owing to the contact with
the cold walls. This increases in
thickness, rapidly. forming a shell
which assumes the shape Of a vase
filled with liquid metal. 1t Is at this
moment that the process of compress
sion should intervene, and it is essen
tial to have recourse to this II it is
desired to preserve the steel from the
defects which are liable to- cause
deterioration" l.a
At some length Mr.. Zalinsky ex-
planned the old systems which seek to
compress the liquid mass from the
top. This, as he explained, still leaves
the mass cooled first against the mold
and produces ridges, flaws, and defects
in the steel. The new, or Hermetl
system, as he pointed out, congresses
from the base. eff this external shell
Is forced upward upon the central,
mass. and compelled to follow the
movement, or even to Close
1t in at a rate somewhat quickert thar
that at which the volume dimfnisfes,
the formation of cavities and internal
faults will be avoided" he said.
Mr.. Zalinsky showed photographs of
steel made by the old as we'll as the
new process. In the uncompressed
steel there are great ridges and
assures, in the compressed steel the
homogeneity of the mass is much
greater.-New York Times.