The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1907-11-13

from the mother day without being
any the worse for It, When the colt
Is old enough to work put harness on
1t that fits well; hitch 1t beside a gen
tie horse and teach 1t to work We
teach ours first in the farm wagon
When 1t knows how to pull and is
used to the bits, put a small load OF
manure or something in the wagon
and draw 1t to nearby field, but
never overload a colt or you will
make baker out of 1t. Speak gen.
tly to 1t all the time and It will moi
get nervous as it would IL the lash
and rough words we're used.
We always work our colts little
at two years, hitch them up every
week or so and they will not forget
what 1t is to pull At three years old
put more work on them, and we us
ually have ours broke at three years
to work any place that an old horse
can, and they do not scare, kick or
balk.-Writer In the Indiana Farmer.
Apple scab.
An ever present, and very general
ly neglected, pest Of the orchard is
the fungous disease, apple scab, or
black spot" as it is sometimes called.
This disease has been so frequently
described as to be perfectly familiar.
Spraying Is effective in securing a
crop of fruit relatively free from this
disease, even in those seasons when
the scab is most prevalent.
For several years the conditions
have been such that the fruit has been
relatively free from scab, and as a re-
suit many growers who took up the
practice of spraying some years ago,
have gradually ceased to spray. 1t
should be said, however, that this ne
glect is wholly comparable to the ne
glect which permits the lapse Of fire
insurance policy. 1t may be unneces-
sary to spray to secure a crop of fair
fruit one year, or even two or three
years in succession; but when the un-
favorable season does come, If spray
ing has been neglected, there Is fire.
quently needless loss of several hun
dred barrels of fruit in orchards Of
average size.
The fact has been clearly demon
strated that, in bad season, there
was a difference Of so percent in the
amount Of perfect fruit upon sprayed
and unsprayed trees, the best results
being obtained from the use Of bor-
deaux mixture. In other words, trees
not sprayed gave on three successive
years. 1, 8, and 1872 percent of the
fruit free from scab, while the same
years an equal number of trees spray
ed with eau celeste "copper" sulphate,
carbonate of soda and ammonia) gave
5S.S, 30.1 and 72.S percent respective
ly.
The third year bordeaux mixture
was used and gave still better results
100 percent Of the fruit being free
from scab.
From these and similar results OBJ
tained al over the country, 1t Is EVIL
dent that spraying has ceased to be an
experiment as means Of controlling
certain orchard diseases. The results
above cited, have been repeatedly con-
firmed both at this station and else
where. Reference Is made to the SUBJ
ject at this time only to emphasize
the Importance Of using precautionary
measures. Even though there be no
crop of fruit. the increased vigor of
the trees as a result of clean, healthy
foliage, will far more than repay the
cost of spraying. This spraying with
bordeaux mixture should be done first
before the buds burst, and again i'm
mediately after the blossoms fall, If
but two treatments are to be given.
If the season is very wet, however,
at least four treatments at intervals of
two or three weeks are found to be
advantageous.-Pr w. M. Munson,
Experiment Station, Orono, Me.
Notes of the Farm.