Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1907-04-20

I ~ inc free wator percolates or sinks
downward until Il Is lost to thr roots
OF tlle plants OF t2) the water IA lifr-
eu ny capillary attraction To the sur.
a a9VE on we sou ana escapes inso the
sur hN evaporation In the arid vegt
w seems 1nprobab that much N ANY
pi me spil water is lost hv down ward
percolnsion through the soil nm ann
iher, since the summer heat tends ia
utlUE ~ 10 the surface. Tha surface
sou becomes drier in tho hot weather
man that lying immediately below ~
/ ana then the moisture rises rhrough
| the capillary tubes into the upner
! layers To Keep This water from com.
| XIV 10 tne SURFACE, we must enlarge
| The capillary tubes. ana this cnn 10
| done by repeated cultivation and Nv
forming the loose and open "dust
| lhulrh ms the top layer Tho rising
water Ia stopped when this layer k
utSN but not If 1t is wet. The crfect OF
guf cry not. summer wind Is to scar
lhe top layer, and II II does not bake
20 FORM u layer impervlous to the ris-
lne waSel. But &C the soil has Too
much clay and is permitted 70 dry
naturally u VIII bake and crack, and !
throush these cracks the moisture |
VIII escape.
EFFECT or CULTIVATION.
A recent bulletin. No. q. of the New
Mexico station states that cNDcrimerla
olt"n repeated. have proved than the
evaporation of moisture from a soil sun
tePe " leNst when thaC surface Is least
exposed to the air. 1t follows there-
fore, that any Irregularities In he SUR
tacS increase the surface exposure.
winch IN turn Increases the cvaporntion
OF moisture. The reason for LAYING so
much stress upon following the pluw
immediately with the harrow is to pro-
Yent the loss OF moIstur" from the IT,
d q gzHtH TU
hhe even surface has proved the best
method ~ conserving moisture. and
Tor most crops this condition Is the
most favorable fog root development
and expansion.
Level culture should mean not only
{ level surtnce exposure when the work
s completed, but st should also be made
~ mean the cutting or surfing OF O
slce or layer OF the surface to prac-
lcalIy The same depth AZ all points
TINS is usually best accomplished hy
lslns a long, fiat blade which IS run
10 as TO cut an even depth and at the I
anne time stir the soil before II fa1Is
'Aok IN position Another means al
most as effective. is the use Of n large J
lumber Of small shOvels Even, small
novels leave an uncut ridge UNDER >.
lcath, and a slight corruga ton ON thc .
urlNce, Large shovels are extremely | =
armfui, since they leave the surface !
n great ridges, and portions of the un- g
Ut under surface exposed 20 the air. +
DRY FARM CROPS. I
on dry farms the seed should be- S,
own IN the fall. The fall grain starts Il
D sprout before the fariner can get b.
pom The land in spring ana ma lses use NJ
holh fall and spring moisture that s.
'onld otherwise be wasted by nvapor-
ton, Less seed should be- soyn than u
4 ~ is a
an q hushol OF wheat per acre I'm dis To
lets where irrigated farms would re- d
llre perhaps busheI and half Not ! d
neat alone, but oats, barley. rye and VI
specially corn have all been grown Sc
IN success and profit Lucern on u
nds that receive II inches OF rainfall, W
I'd peas, sugar bects, potatoes, peach 81
+, and even grapes have been success ~, s'
lily cultivated In certain places with ~
1t irrigation. 1t Is important to secure -
ed that has been reproduced on the ma
y farm for several years Within ~
rtain limits crops van be adapted to :
w ana different environments.
iuatc plants In time have so adapted by
emselyes as to become dizzy land res
ants Plants that for centuries have IN
en- grown IN conditions OF abundance ~ Az
moisture have gradually become an
apted to drior climates, This pro- la,
sion OF nature supplies the means ed
hereby We are able to transport and fec
ann crnns 10 now nnd bart.tofors ed,
Ga, tlt4s1u r,tsas. ~ -, Inf
itch have been success sfully grown hei
years under sem1-arld conditions cas-
j presently be in great demand. "As wh
result of this demand, we may Taa- no
ably expect pedigreed dry farm AM
ps 10 appear ana they Will MI am I'M tina
tant want CuI
GENERAL SUMMARY 81
The New Mexico bulletin by j. J, dor