The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1907-04-16
PEACE CONGRESS-
TO Be PRACTICAL |: / 4 N
In His Letter President
Roosevelt DeCrieS
HerOiCS. III
CARNEGIE NAMES
a PEACEMAKER.
Root and Straus Make Notable
speeches-Secretary Of Labor
Says Domestic Peace Means
International Peace-Quiet
at Home Precludes
Trouble Abroad.

President Roosevelt and Secretary Off,
State Root that If success is to crown
the efforts Of those who arc working
for peace among the nations Of tile
world. their endeavor must be alona
practical lines; that they must not, by
insisting upon tho impossible, put Of
the day when the possible can be ac-$4
complished, the National Arbitration
and Peace Conference. which Is meet.
ing in this city under the presidency
of Andrew Carnegie, began to-day its III
real activities with two crowded ses-IE
sions In Carnegie Hall. fs
Secretary Root also took occasion 4
in his speech to point out tho propo- |.
sition which the United States gov-6
ernment will have to mako at tho
coming conference at Tho Hague. He
warned his hearers not to expect TOD aa
much at this second conference. The y
President, in a letter to tho congress-,
expressed the hope that the coming N
conference might result in the adop-
ton of an International arbitration
treaty. Secretary Root, after second
ing this hope, declared the s United
States thought 1t proper to urge again
the discussion of the subject OF tho
Limitation of armament Of tho nationa
on land and sea. and tho abolition ot tSss
the practice of using force in tho col-s8
to the citizens Of another.
Emperor William the Power.
Mr.. Carnegie paid a tribute to Presi-
that Mr.. Roosevelt might be the peace
maker Of the future He declared. .S
however, that Emperor William s. tho
man among all men who holds tho
peace of. the nations in his power.
In this connection AR. Carnegie said
It was unjust o$speaK of tho Emperor
as 2 menace to the neace ior L EUROPE, ,S5
faodln a,ln ns3 IN p. twenty years upon the
throne the German,trlllerr lla d spii Sf,,,s
blood nor caused an International war.
| At the afternoon session tho speak,
ers We're Secretary Root Governors
Charles T. Hughes. of New York;
Mayor George B. Mcclellan, of New
1ork city who made the address OF
| welcome. and Mr.. Carnegie. Y;
Tonight the speakers included
Baron d'Estournelles de Constant 81
member of the French Senate and@
head of the international Conciliation
Committee, and Secretary Oscar S.
merce and Labor.
/, frestdctt Roosevelt in his letter to-
the congress urged that its Efforts
be devoted to the practical side Of tho &
| question It had undertaken to discuss
! "An imrassioned Grafton about +
l
an impassioned demand for something
| which the man who makes the de-
mand either knows or ought to know
can not, as a matter of fact, be DONE,
| represents not gain. but loss, for the I
cause of peace: for even tho noblestS
| cause is marred by advocacy which
| Is either inslncere or foolish
be President closed by stating that
he hoped to see at the coming con-
| ference at The Hague a general arbi-@
| frrt Inn frpn to- az, No f{r~,,o
adopted and The Hague court greatly
increased in power and permanency;sss
| the judges in particular being. made
| permanent and given adequate sala-&
| ries. e
Secretary Roots Speech.
Secretary Root took for his subject
| "The American Sentiment of Humans
| ity." Io said in part:
| Mr.. President and CONFERENCE.-THE evGrNs
! country which has reached high stage OF
| civilization may be seen tho working OF two
| distinct ana apparently Inconsistent motives
lor principles of national conduct. On the one
| hand. there is tho narrowly and Immediate
| ~ ntllItnrinn motive, and there Is the cons
l pctitive attitude fashioned upon the hahits OF
| self c-prcservaton and self-assertfon enjoned i
| by the necessities of tho struggle for exist
cnce. With this motive each country plIrsucsa b
I specific national advantages. meeting In n
hard, dry, business like way. without SYM
pathy or sentiment. tho facts at n world In
which there Is much selhshness md greed.
in which every nation Is primarily looking
out for itself. and In which there ls ordinarily
some asgressor ready TO take advantage Of
tho over-t trusting and defcnscless. III
| On tho other han'p there Is the ethical8
atruistic. humane IMPULSE that presses for-'
| ward constantly toward Ideals. It's possess-E
ors loving liberty and Justice and peace.
long to make all men frne and safe and se-
cure III their rlghts: their eyes arc fixed upon
tho ultimate goal toward which civilization
tends: they arc striving that better things
| shall replace the cynicisn, and selfishneas
and cruelty which have aiways SO widely
| rh n rnr NJ or thew 10
plnS and set UP STANDARDS OF actinn which
They call upon mankind to adopt and man. x
kind too often gives theoretical assent, hut
denies practical conformity. 4s
1t Is n common saying that tho world Is
Il. ruled by force--thRt tho ultimate sanction for
tho rules Of right conduct between nations
I IL tho possibilitytof war. That is less than a
half truth. There was II time when the offs,
hIGgs wssn
]. Ing mud largely or cheating In the bargain
Diplomacy now consists chiefly In making
national conduct conform or appear to con-
form to thA rules which codify, embody. and
apply ccrtah moral standards evolnsd and
accepted in the Glow. DEVELOPMENT OF civiliza-l
q tlon, The continual and unreasine process
of diplomatic intercourse by which these.
81 anLards are pressed upon the government
OF every nation, backed by the tremendous
power OF the opinion OF the civilized World.
i inforced hy tho desire for rhe good opinion
and apprehension of tho dsfavor Of man
national conduct; and these standards have
been created by tho evolution OF moral as
orposed To physical forces
The thoughts of all men who hope for the
peace of tho World are nov turned toward
tho second Tcace Conference so soon To mast
4 at The Hague, 1t is eheeri6x to note Tho
d difference between the attitude OF the world
! toward this conference ahont - meet and
tho way in which the world looked upon TIE
first confereMce at The Hague eight years
ago Tile generous inpuise and noble sen "a
timen. Of tho Emperor OF ltussia, which die
tated the cali for that Gonieremcs, ssnppor,sI
II tion cemnsicd tho respect, or tho appear