davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1907-03-31

Formerly mules were kept in the compressed
air TO do some OF the work now done by mahs
were taken out only to die at once from cais-
son disease. IL is now against the state laE
to use any animal in compressed air eXcep-
man.
NEED OF INVESTIGATION.
The early Investigators believed that this
strange disease was caused by breathing carbon
dioxide gas; others believed it was due 70 ex-
haustiOn. or hemorrhage. or congestion. or rhea-
matism- Some believed that the time spent n
the pressure Is OF more importance than th'
time OF decomposition; that the danger Is as
the pressure multiplied by the time exposed
All observed that the workers do not suffer or
die in the compressed air but after coming on"
From the invention OF the diving bell IN 'nS :
sixteenth century 70 the present time there n''
been no united study OF caisson disease. 1s~
brochures and pamphlets have appeared. but 10
scientific study worthy OF the name. Dr.. NJ
COrt. the chief physician OF the Belmont snnn7.
who has treated some five thousand cases g.
bends" states 'Our study Of the disease =
still IN a decidedly elementary stage" it 5
matter for great regret that 50 much o2H''
tunity for pathological study has been was,s-s
In the last two years of tunnel work; the res~s
these brave fellows. IL is time for the 49,
emy OF Medicine 70 appoint a committee =
superintend the study Of the whole suh1ect. pa, pa
ticularly the study Of the bodies Of those ~
die, IN order that the thousands OF tunnel N0'A
eEs OF the future may be best protected
The compressed air workers, sTou cnlrr .'a-, -
neer to tOlling sand hogs are doing taelr W.
well; they expect the medical profession ~ Il II
tend to their own special task The tln'
worker IS knocking at the door. deHanl.ns IN,
treatment based on pathology and not on s1.'y1.
tomato suesSwOrlx The law protects ire 49,, n,
by keeping him out OF danger. The nelie1.
profession should protect the only ANNA ns.,
lowed IN compressed air By giving him tne 0e's
possible treatment when he IS stricken. :,
caiSsOu disease.
New-York tribune., 1907-03-31
MISSIONARIES TO re RESCUE.

It was the missionaries who first called atten-
tion TO the immnence of famine in Kiangpeh. or the
North River country. During the spring and sum
mer heavy rains fell throughout kiangpu and An
huei provinces and in the adjacent parts Of Shan
tung and Honan provinces The Yellow River over
flowed its banks as did the Grand Canal and lesser
streams dikes breaking in many places Since the
land IS many points lower than tie ancient
canals. the country lag time submerged.
remaining in numerous places until this day.
Despite the floods. the missionaries continued to
traverse their fields. of them, at least. nearly
losing his life hy drowning Miss Read, for
ample of Antung. itinerated among the sufferers
for six and seven miles at time in water above
her waist On occasion she barely out
Of a house before it collapsed. Native churches
and native homes both alike buiit Of mud or of
sun-dTied bricks. crumbled before the attacks OF
The waters So before China herself knew that
there vas to be fa:HiHe the missionaries were
sending home their pleas TO the religious papers.
A missionary relief committee was hrst in the
field hut IT was later rendered unnecessary by the
larger stronger general committee Shanghai,
New-York tribune., 1907-03-31

years. Richard Mansfield. the actor. was taken
sick at Scranton, Penn. and has been oolised 10
give up his tour. Robert c. Ogden has retired
from the firm Of John Wanamaker owing to IL:
health
Among those who died last week were Pro-
fessor Ernst Won Bergman. the famous Ger
man surgeon; James Henry Smith the dnancier
and society man, who died in Japan while on 4
wedding trip around the world; General James
NJ. Varnun. who killed in collision be-
tween his automobile and a surface car, and
General Luciano Mendoza. a leading political
and military fiGure in Nenezuela."
New-York tribune., 1907-03-31

which soon had the missionaries who live in the
district busily employed distributing its fumes.
ChrtstendOin can never understand the ChinaFlan'
not even when il him In his native clement
The dcuth and callOusness of his selfshness ana
materaiisun is simply beyond the telling In sharp
contrast with the activity Of the missionaries IN
behalf of the homeless and the hungry was the IN
difference of the Chinese officials. At first they
reported that there no famine Then they
tried TO minimize il. Then. when it became evident
thnt relief funds in sight. afording rich pick
ings to the rascas. they Swelled the figures enor-
mOusIy NV own investigation confirms me in the
belief that the missionary ngures are conservatives
100000 persons, over 4ocO0 square miles anected
lion unless given aid until next summer
New-York tribune., 1907-03-31
ENTHUSIASTIC WORKERS.

The tunnels must be built. no matter at what
cost No one can estimate the value of the
Brooklyn Bridge-no one knows the number who
gave UP their lives for the bridge-no one spe-
cIally We haven't time to go back and
look over the names of the killed and wounded:
the cry is on like Nansen lashing his wearied
dogs and CRYING out Fran! Framw So the
cry is "On, on" Hunger for progress is in the
air-in the blood-even in the tunnel atmosphere
and among the tunnel workers. As one shift
comes out of the air lock and another goes in
hear the enthusiastic cheering because the out
coming shift has advanced the tunnel eighteen
inches. Look 1T their faces-tired vet full OF
courageous enthusiasm. They know exactly the
work they are doing and the danger OF II all.
still they enjoy il. They know thew do thinps''
at times they can scarcely he driven from their
work. Six Of these brave men recently lost their
lives in week IN order that thousands Inev
daily rush from this bustling workshop of lower
New York out on Gods green earth where homo
six hundred more Will follow them for modern
rapid transportation viii REQUIRE river tnnnels
throughout the civilized world. They will re-
quire capital, labor and lives.
At present there thirteen tunnels In process
of construction under the East and North rivers
some for railroad trains, others for rapid tram
sit and trolley service. Thirteen tunnels with
busy men working in tine compressed air pre-
pairing numerous under-rtver roads for the rest
OF US who live and work in the open and know
little of the strange work of the under-the-rIver
men-the brave sand hogs AS a people we
daily taking more interest in our tunnels
and in our tunnel workers. because the work Is
as interesting as 1t is necessary.
We all know that man lives on the face NJ
the earth (the bottom OF great sea Of air. at q
pressure OF about sixteen pounds to the square
inch. We do not know how the body was orc
ated to live in this pressure any more than we
know how some fish were created to endure the
terrific pTessure of the deep sea. We know man
dies IN very rarefed air just as some FISH die
when brought up from very deep water into
shallow water; likewise man dies when hla atr
pressure is very much Increased lust as n isT
may die When Il Is forced into very deep water
Man Is Ike every other created thinq-he has
his limitations Of temperature and pressure
Water freezes and boils, so recently even solld
quartz has been forced to yield 70 its DseitinG
New-York tribune., 1907-03-31
GPAFTERs HINDER HELP.

From the American Consul General here learn
that considerable is being said America about
the dancer to missionaries at this time. This is
only another adroit manifestation of tn. Chinese
crafty CRAFTY 7oiitics The officials here are merely
trying by these wiles to force the foreigners to
place the disbursement Of the relief FUNDS in Chi
nese hands.
1t is a matter Of frsthand knowledge that the
sentm mt towerd foreigners in the famine region
is wholly friendly. I found the peasants express
ing d:s;rust ard hatred of their officials and
looking to the foreigners for help. With no escort
whatever and with Chinese speaking companion
Mrs. Ellis and / travelled through hundreds Of
miles Of the territory which the officials declare
20 he so dangerous. We went through the refugee
sistance to espcciaiiy needy cases. Wh.ch it has
been CUlishly 3VeTred, would be alm0sU certain
death any attempting il. Absolutely alone.
with other foreigners near. any English
speaking Chinese. we attended u Chimes eXecu-
ton. and We're the centre OF a mob Of many thOr-
sands gathered to gloat and iendishY enjoy
the d. api tiOn of criminals. and not much as
a hostile look did receive. although a Chinese
crowd IS prOver1ialIy in its most dangerous mood
at execution
The ugly- aspect of this situation though is that
these officials who predict trouble have the power
to make their own prophecies come true. IT, be-
fore this article is printed. or later. trouble
ours in the famine field. it viii probably be d-
rectly due 70 the avaricouS officials, who. by OBJ
structinE the free movements OF the missionaries
and hy various other tactics, hnderinE the
work of relief. al with the object Of securing a
"s1ueeze' for themselves But the Shanghai
lief committee and Consul General Rodgers
resentng the American Red Cross are unyielding
sionares and Nv Chinese who work under their
oversight and direction
New-York tribune., 1907-03-31

OF converts is so small In this field that this is
practicable Every precautiOn is taken to prevent
persons from Joining the church from unworthy
motives. Whatever may have been true in the
past | find that to-day rice Christians more
cdious the eyes OF the missionaries than OF
anV body else
New-York tribune., 1907-03-31

the medical profession have not wasted much
time in thinking over the problems of men
working in compressed air. AS a social unit
we are more interested In knowing what the
compressed air does to the tunnel than in what
the compressed air does to man
New-York tribune., 1907-03-31

drums TIL he learned how to blow out the drums
and help them to adjust themselves To the new
pressure. They easily endured pressure of
elghty pounds. or lG5 feet water denth
New-York tribune., 1907-03-31

point. Man almost never has any business in
thin air. but at present he is much interested in
compressed air work The many who daily
watch catSsOn and tunnel work prove this.
New-York tribune., 1907-03-31
AMERICANS IN DEMAND.

BY a general system OI comfy among the mis-
sions. the territory which is suffering from
famine is allotted to the Southern Presbyterians.
Thus it comes about that the only American mis-
sionaries actually work within this s0.O00 square
miles belong to a single denomination. This fact
illustrates the immenstty of China a mission
field There other denominations working
the edges OF the famine-Northern PreSbyterlans
in Shantung. Northern Methodists Southern Bap-
lists. Quakefs Disciples and Presbyterans at Nan
king. Yang Chow ana chin kiunS.
Within the affected zone there are three Roman
priests There also few China Inland mis-
siOnS but the authorities OF this organization have
taken the position that their missionaries shall not
engage In relief work, except 10 for their
members and adherents. Doughty Miss Read,
Anfung. mas apparently cut communication be-
tween herself and headquarters for she. declining
to be bound by any Such regua tons. is
working manfully for all the needy the best
male missionary concerned. The Roman Catholics
at first declined to cooperate in general relief
lyting permitted. but later they aCceUted the
Shanghai committees terms.
The situation at present is that the mission
aries have. 90 a great extent, surrendered their
regular religious work and have become organizers
relief and distributors OF fOOdstufs. No attempt
is being made TO turn this work TO the advantage
Of the missions. Indeed. most OF the missionaries
are standing mp straight that they bending
over backward. Tor they refuse TO let Christians
and inquirers share In the relief funds that come
my companton's church ~ he would only give
her something 10 eat. lie told her that such q step
would simply remove her present chances OF
The needy Christians are being helped by the
missionaries out of their own funds: the number
BoletiÌn mercantil de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 18??-1918, 1907-04-25
EntreviSta real

La entrevista de los reyes de
Inglaterra y Espana, sc ha We
rihcado en- Cartagena con toda
la pompa y solemnidad que ell
case demandaba. A corrobo-
rar las apreciaciones viene, tras-
mitldo por Ell cable, Ell texto de
los discursos cruzados entire los
dos monarcas.
Seria impossible exigir mas
expontanea cordialidad nj ex-
preston mas clara de amistosos
sentimientos a los que palpitan
en- cada una de las frases de di-
chos discursos.
Ellos vienen 4 poner sello
final { inalterable q la cordia-
lidad anglo-espaiiola, paso po-
litico Ell mas discreto y d. ma
yor trascendencia para Espaila
entire los muchos que ha dado
va en- el camino de su recons
tTucci6n.
De todas las potencias euro
peas, no SO encuentra quizas
ninguna en- Las condolences de
Inglaterra para contribuir con
exito positive 4 Ii noble labor
4 que est& entregada i naci6nI
espanola.
BoletiÌn mercantil de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 18??-1918, 1907-04-25
/acinto Ben0ygnte
La reYuelta de Bulga1ia

Ell estado revolucionario en- que Sc
halla Bulgaria principia ser motive
de a1arma para los gobiernos euro
|peos, especialmente para los de Ru-
sia, Austria y Turquia, debido las
|complicaciones en- que pueden verse
envueltos dichos palses por callsa de
la peligrosa Influenza que:Ilegue a
|ejercer en- Ell espiritu nacional de
|aquellos, de por ST hondamente agi-
tado, y al cual basta solo el menor
pretexto para producer Ell desequili-
brio social con su cortejo de abusos y
de escandalos.
Ell caracter que ha asumido tai mo-
vimiento, caracter anarquista bajo el
|disfraz' de revolucion anti.semltica
es 10 que ofrece mayor gravedad en-
Ell case presente. Que cuenta con
ramifcaciones considers bles en- Ell
pals con organization mas 6 menos
|efciente, 10 demuestra Ell hecho de
que no ha sido possible al gobierno
sofocarlo nilprevenir siquiera los es-
pantosos atropellos cometidos por un
populacho sediento de botfn y de san
gre. Aldeas incendiadas unas, en-
tregadas otras al pi1laje; centenares
de campes sinos obligados renunciar
en- proveeIo de los atnotinados sus
escasos ahorros 8 sacrifcar Ia vi
da en- defensa de los bienes que Sc
les arrebataran. tai vez hassido el es-
pect4culo ofrecido hasta hoy; y no es
diffcil presentir que todavfa esperan
al gobierno' al pals peores sor-
presas.
No ser{a raro que Russia y Austria
Sc decidicr4n 4 ofrecer apeyo al Rey
Carlos para poner termi1io 4 tan an6-
mala situacion; y en- clio, precisa-
mente, estriba uno de los peligros,
puesto dun bien podrfa repetirse 4
case de- Iz77 y 1872 que cost6 Il GO
bierno de Rumania i pErdida de Ger
O. de 6o,ooo kilometres cuadrados
a. territorio. Nuuca los ojos dol
Gar Y dcl Empersdor - han apafta-
~ ~ ~ horizonfes a. Moidavia.
BoletiÌn mercantil de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 18??-1918, 1907-04-25
Ell LENCUAJE

Nunca como al llevar Ia eScena
|tipos y costumbres populares puede
|comprenderse que el teatro nos,debe
darnos verdad, sino Ia scnsaci6h de
la verdad, que solo Sc consigue por
una transmutac cion de valores algo CO.
mo la ecuacion lumi en-, .pintura.
Esa equivalencia de 10 real,a 10 ar
Itistico en- nada es tan dificil de lograr
como en- Ell lenguaje. Don Ramon de
la Cruz y Ricardo de la Vega han 81
do en- este maestros.
Ell lenguaje del pueblo. SD voca bu-
lsrio, su prosodia, son dificiles de fjar
litersriamente. Tanto como en- el
vestir Gambia la moda en- Ell hablar, Y
mas en- Ell pueblo, que de oidas apren-
de, y es la Gale su Academia, al aire
ibre, y no aguarda auterizacion del
lDiccionar 10 para introducir neologis-
mos, para facilitar la pronunciation
de extrafios vocablos nipara usar tee
lnicismos con expresivas aplicae iones.
Ell escritor, como Ell pintor artista,
antes que copiar el traje ha de aten-
der al alma del retrato; debe buscar
sobre ell modo de ha1lar el modo de
pensar y de sentir del pueblo, que
no esta, en- verdad, en- el "argot" del
momento, la actualidad efimera. Asf,
al leer hoy los sainetes de don Ra-
mon de la Cruz, los de Ricardo della
Vega (a1n los de su primera epoca1
nos parecen mas actuales que la ma
yor parte de. los escritores ahora, que
de un ailo para otro han envejec lido y
son va casi incomprensibles, porque e
su lenguaje quiso ser demasiado &C
tual y sus "timos" estan va mas ne
|cesitados de un glosario que las alu-
stones de Arist6fanes.
Fueron fotografias que envejecie-
ron, de esas que hacen exclamar al
mismo retratado, al contemplarlas pa
sados pocos ai1os: tPero soy 20 este2
iPero yo me vesti y me peine asi
nunca?"
Ell arte que atiende solo la actua-
lidad, Ia sta como documento hist6ri-
CO, sera siempre menos estimado que
lestas yieias fotografias.
1ls3ay a. t76Gf iesg16n az 1aACfuz y
chulas de Ricardo de la Vega viviran
siempre, algo mas que hgurines, CO.
mo LAS Meninas' y LAS Hi1ande-
ras" de Velazquez, y las sduquesas y
las majas de Goya, todas de la misma
raza y de la misma sangre. -
/acint0 Ben00gnte
BoletiÌn mercantil de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 18??-1918, 1907-04-25
Ia aflas en- i guerra htu'a

La .Gaceta de Il .Aiemania del
Norte" consagra m interesa ante artf-
culo { Il tactica dc. IL Artillerfa en- la
guerra futura, -,
Ell general Rohm. especialista de
gran autoridad, combate la tendencia
de exigir en- regla generol pare Ia Ar
tillerfa de campafia las posiciones ocul.
tas y el tiro indirecto.
Considers esta t4ctica como peligro-
:sa, y recuerda que 4 este eror debi6
muchas de sus decepciones la Artilleria a
prusiana en- 1866
Sc habian colocado las baterfas de-
tras de la 1nfanrfa, Sc demostr6 su
inefcacia..
Els precise imponer a la Artilleria
el viejo principle de: ,.antes de cubrir-
Sc hay que procurar nm tiro potente".
Ell general Rohm Sc manifesto con-
trario del empleo del telefono para
transmitir a las baterias las 6rdenes
del comandante jefe. "Hay que meter
en- los oidos de los artilleros los man
datos. Como Sc ha de dirigir por te
lefono el fuego de varias baterias:"
Estima que ell empleado del tiro in :
directo hace mas dificil eI..: cambio de
posici6n, tan lmportante en- toda bata-
LA. Es precise medir angufos para
determ minar Ia posici6n axacta que hay
que tomar, de este modo Sc pierde ell
momento favorable.
- Ell tiro indirecto, en- fin, secunda di-
ficilmente los movimientos.
Las posiciones directss deben cons
tituir la regla general para la Artille-
ria de montsfla, quedando solo para la
gruesa las posiciones cubiertas.
Los gener ales Richter y Won Rich
man, participant por complete del juicio
del general Rohm. Entiende ell segun-
do que la Arti!lerfa de montaf1a pier ).
de So espiritu defensive su potencia
as aesi6n adeptaa Al go Esgla sl~tika
indirect0. .... fg
Cuando Sc habla del peligro que hay
en- tomar posiciones descubiertas debe
responderse que esta en- Ia: naturaleza
de la guerra 10 peligroso.
: La lnfantaria y la Caballeria tam
biEn deben marchar al descu bierto Y
no buscar mas protection que la de la
superioridad sobre la Infateria y Caba.
Iberia enemigas.
La Artilleria debe seguir este elem
plo. ST adopta ell principle del tiro
ca alberto indirecto sera la Infantaria
la qua en- medic de los movimientos
de la batalla pague las consecuencias.
'Ningdn jefe de Ejercito, termina
diciendo el articulo, puede resignarse
a un estado de cosss tan anormal".
BoletiÌn mercantil de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 18??-1918, 1907-04-25
Aoicias de Espaha

Sc han fecibido noticias de haber
sido secuestrado un espafipl por las
kabilas~ fronterizas 4 la plaza del
ne6nde IL Genera.
Los mofos hicieron 4del fdego
contra Ell General Concha."
Los carlistas de Cataluf1a Sc han
separado de la Solidaridad Catalina.
-Ha fallecido Ell Teniente Gene
raj don Juan Salcedo y Mantilla de los
Rios.
-Ha sido nombrado vicec6nsul de
Espafia en- la Habans, don Ricardo
Gomez Navarro.
Los jefes de las kabilas fronte
rizas al Pen6n de la Gomera han da-
do toda clase explicaciones satisfac-
torias con respecto al secuestro de
un espafiol y de haber hecho fuego
los mOrOS contra un caf1onero.
Para honrar la memoria de la
Academia general militar que estuvo
esta blecida hace amos en- Toledo, a
la vez que para dar una prueba de
carif1oso afecto y de recuerdo los
profesores de todas las armas, cuer-
pos { institutes del Ejercito que reci-
bieron su educacion militar en- aquel
inolvidable Centro de ensefianza y
residen en- Madrid, sc ha celebrado
I'm brillante banquete, al que han
concurrido gran nlmero de Antiques
alumnos y bastantes pgofesores. Sc
pronunciaron calurosos brindis, lie
nos de entusiasmo, por*la Patria, por
Ell Rey por el Ejercito.
Ell Ministro de la Gobernaci6n,
en- conversation con algunos perio-
distas, hales dicho que abriga cl pro-
posito de dictar algunas medidas con
Ell objeto de evitar la cada vez mas
creciente emigration.
--Ha empezado a publicarse en-
Madrid I'm periodico, ,organo del re-
volucionario Lerroux.
Ell Rey Alfonso, la Reina madre.
Dof1a Maria Cristina y los otros
miembros del acompaf1amiento real,
llegaron Cartagena de Madrid fin
de reunirse con Ell Rey Eduardo de
Inglaterra y la Reina Alexandra. 81
Rey y la Reina madrc fueron recibi
dos calurosamente por el pueblo, sin
que ocurriera incidente a1guno no
taleb1e.
Mas tarde, Sc avist0 el yate real
ing1es escoltado por buques de que
rra con los Reyes de 1nglaterra 4
bordo y 81 Rey y Ia Reiua madre Sc
embsrcaron en- el yate sGiralda" pa
ra salirles Al encucntro. All 1le9ar
los visitantes rea1es - les dispense
una maQnifica acoRida
u ss(5aceta' az Madrid ia pub1icasI
40 a. reai dccreto ~ u cual So
nofnbrado capit<n roneral honorario
al y j<tcito soro6ol u Rey Eduardo. I
BoletiÌn mercantil de Puerto Rico. (San Juan, P.R.) 18??-1918, 1907-04-25
0gbdng|O Daleauaa|0lI

Detras de la casa de,feras del
Jardin de Plantas. de Paris, en-
cuentrase Ell laboratorio de fisio.
logia del doctor Grehant, que en-
el Sc dedica actualmente i es-
tudiar la dosificaci6n de los ga
ses combustibles y especialmen-
te del grisu, mediante un apa-
ratio que no es sino una modifi-
cacion de otro va conocido en-
los Laboratories de quimica;
pero con Observation-Disclosures in
troducidos por Ell eminente pro
tesor, gracias a los cuales pue-
de realizarse rapidamente V con
toda exactitud Ell analisis de los
gases combustibles. y
Sc compone Ell aparato de una
campana de cristal en- la cual Sc
encierra la mezcla gaseosa So
bre una cubeta de agua;Gerrada
solidamente con I'm :soporte de
caucho. En- ell interior de la
campana hay una barra de me
tai que termina en- una espiral
de platino en- contacto con un
circuito electrico cuya corriente
produce a voluntad la incandes-
cencia del platino y, por consi-
guiente, la inf1amacion: del gas
sometido al analisis.
ST Sc introduce en- la campa-
ma, por ejemplo, aire mezclado
con gr1su en- proportion de E
por 100, que es el limite a par:
tir del cual sc convierte en- de-.
tonante, y Sc hace pasar la CO.
rriente electrical por ell hilo de :
platlno, Ell gris1 sc indama, sc.
produce la explosion Y sc modi-
flea Il volumen del gas. La ex-
plosi6n del grisu ha producido
4ridocaY60nicUgs cay& ASCENSION
sc logra haciendolo circular por
un tubo que contiene potasa.
La indication del volumen del
gas queda entonces en- la cam.
pana, donde puede verse por
comparacion con el volumen
primitive y merced a un calculo
sencillo la proportion de yris1
que contenia el aire. .S: