davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1907-01-20

shoulders OF tho slaves. and n great russ
is made over her Her girl friends keep
her company, an ore Is "cdnina
feast which lasts !. It all night. This
is followed by othetsasts throughout ina
next week or riorcat.Ea
am told that Asfoorish husbands
fIrat duty Is TO unEs1d his wife's hair,
and that thereaftctfs she puts on tho
esnecfal dress az thnNAalrried woman. The
ordinary Mohumrnedah marriage IL.
understand, moderately happy, and 1T is
sa,d thar tho strongeu garacter usually
rules the household forces are easiS
accomplished IN all % ifninedah coun
tries. and the man swHS Vfshes TO get rid
OF his wife has no trout lie In doing so.
Among the abies.
I wish could show " some OF 'hess
Moorish children which C tocking about
me- They are just as sweet as our hinefi-
can little ones, although they seem aiiter-
ent. They dress somewhat Ike their pax
ents. the boys wearing red iez caps anu
iong white gowns. While playing In tho
streets many 20 bnreheaded. and II you
will Imagine n crowd OF little Americans
! az cav six. eight and ten years dressed IN
white night gowns playing on the STREETS
| and thoroughly enjoying themselves you
Will have one OF the common siBhts ot
| this city. You must make some or inc
| faces, however, yellow and even nlack'
| and must shave the heads close, with the
exception of spots here and there where
long locks are allowed TO grow. The little
| Girls have at first only n single lock on
! tho crown of the head. Later this Is al
/ lowed to spread out until it finally covers
| the whole head. the hair is then put up
/ in plaits and braided.
The boys head Is shaved as soon as no
is born, and is kept shaved or the great
err part of his life thereafter. Each rich
| family has It's own barber, and the barber
kaena tho head OF the bow In order for
nothing until he is married. AT that time
| he receives a present and is wen paid
thereafter. Every man is shaved regular
To- ana the whole head Is scraped, except
the lock left on the crown. by which as q.
| handle tia Mohammedan thinks he may
be pulled into heaven The man shaved
s,ts ,,pon the ground. the barber soapins
and latherfng him as he bends over him.
The hair Is cut close to the g p sooa
lob leaving X IKE the skin OF a drum mead
sprinkled with black pepper.
Copyright 1906 by Frank G. carpeneerJ
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1907-01-20

belief passed into dim tradition, nobody
knew definitely to whom these shrines
were erected or why. Some of the fav-
orite Japanese deties have since proved
to be Christian personalities! Only with
the opening of many shrlncs In recent
Years has the real nature of their con-
tents been discovered.
I know missionary who was preaching
IN all interior village q number OF years
ago. During the service, he noticed one
man who was listening intently. After
tho service this man invited the mis-
slonary to his, home, and taking him into
an inner room, after closing the walls
asked If he did not know that this preach
ing was against the laws.
The American responded that all the
old laws. had been repealed. and that q
Japanese was now free to worship as no
might please. Thereupon the man can
tossed that he himself was Christian,
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1907-01-20

country. which is six times as large rs
the State OF Ohio, and which contains
one-tcnth as many people as our Whoie
country, has no other roads than orid'e
paths, and all transportation Is on horses,
mules, donkeys or cameis, and also upon
men. Here In Tangier there is not even
q hand cart or a wheelbarrow, but there
are so many passenger donaseys that oiie
has to jump from side to side to keep
out of their way. They go along WITHOUT
brides or halters. directed by tho cries
and the sticks OF the donkey boys, VINO
follow behind. They are the drays OF
Tangier.
How Freight Is Carried.
These pack donkeys carry enormous
loads. saw to-day two little fellows not
much higher than my waist, almost Gov
cred by an upright piano, winch restea
on their backs as they walked thfousn
the main streets of the city. Every one
knows what such a thing weighs and how
six men are required to lift one IN our
country. The piano was In pine oox,
and the little beasts carried 1t on their
bare backs, steadied by two porters, VINO
walked at the side. The. animals mad
enormous ears and their rat-like tails,
shaved close, made me think OF appre-
waited black snake whips Both We're
ragged and knotty and SCARED with the
sores where their masters had cut awaS
the skin in order that they might t!'c
easier hurry them onward by goading the
raw flesh.
Among the other donkey sights ! saw
.his afternoon was a caravan each am
NAL loaded with two heavy bags OF nour.
The little fellows had to brace themselves
while the men threw on the bags. ana
they went off staggering. saw one
stumble and throw his load over his mead.
It took two lusty porters TO replace the
sacks.
NV heavy trunks were brought from
the boat to tho hotel upon donkeys, ana
have seen donkeys without number
/ carving sand in baskets, bringing IN
| charcoal and wood, and even loaded with
| stones and brtcls for building material.
| There is a new business block going ul
now not far from the American legation,
! all the bricks and sand for which Is car
I ried upon donkcys.
Mules and Horses.
| Some trelgntlnE Is done by muics.
saw two going along the streets to-day
| with the iron Orders for q building
| strapped to their backs. The mules also
I serve rs riding animals. and h:ivo rid
den for miles upon them through The
country about. The saddles are great RET
cushions, foot thick. and the stirrup:
so big that they rest the whole foo
from tho heel to the toe. The native!
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1907-01-20

greater part are females. Coal black
negresses are in great demand, and they
will bring from $50 to $l.oO, accordins
to age and beauty. One of the dragomen
about the hotel here tells me he bought
an eleven-year-old girl last week for about
$780, and he added that she pleased him
SO we'll that he would not take $50 FOR
his bargain. Such slaves become a part
OF the family and their children are con-
sidered legitimate.
How the Moors Marry.
1t is difficult to learn much about tho
custom of courtship and marriage In
land where the woman subject is taoooed,
but I can give you some information.
Every Mohammedan here. as elsewhere,
has the right to four wives, but these
Moors as u rule have but one. The cher
reason for this is that two or more female
heads of a family create discord. and the
husband has to keep as many different es-
adjustments as he has wives. In Fee,
where the people are richer. Ii Is some
what different; but even there the
wealthy Moor prefers to add slaves to
his harem to taking on an extra wife.
Marriages are made at early age
Girls wed at fifteen or sixteen and young
men at twenty or twenty-five. There Is
no such thing as courtship. and tho
matches are usually arranged py the pa, :
ents of the respective families. There is
always a marriage contract and the groom
Is expected to pay dowry. In mar
rage among wealthy families there are
always preliminary feasts and presents.
The groom sends dates and other fruits to
his sweetheart and the prospective bride
puts herself into training In order that
, she may look her best at the wedding.
She takes frequent steam oaihs. and for q
week before the marriage has one every
day. At the same time her cheeks are
painted with rouge. and her finger nails
| toe nails and even her feet and the lower
parts of her arms and legs are decorated
with henna, red coloring matter. WHICH
is in common use throughout the orient
At the Wedding.
| have seen number OF wedding process
sons here In Tangier. The bride is carried
about in great covered chair, or box. ant
there is music and dancing. The ceremony
usually takes place on Friday. which !:
the Mohammedan Sunday. 1t consist;
| largely of the couple joining hands while
prayers are said over them. On her wed
| ding day the bride Is carried about on th'
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1907-01-20
az wlLLIAM T. ELLIS.

BY WILLIAM T. ELLIS.
Nagasaki Japan.-Of all the stirring
stories that an Investigator OF re!lslous
conditions uncovers in Japan, no other Us
quite SO dramatic spr important as that of
the rise. .sutsnergSnce, and, after centui-
les the emergence Of the Roman Catholic /
church here. 1t is one of the rshlances OF
religion.
ANY narrative OF Roman Catholic mis-
sion work in Japan must go back to the
year 154a when Francis Xavier, now
canonzed, with the flaming zeal that has
made his name synonym for aggressive
Tiety landed on these shores and planted
the cross here. Xavier was led to Japan
by a Japanese fugitive whom, he had
baptized in India. Phenomenal success |
sattended his labors. and those OF the
other priests who followed him, his own
term of residence lasting two and half
years. Ere long converts began to enter
the church at the rate of 10000 year
coming from ali classes of society, noble
mon, Buddhist priests. scholars and peas
ants BY the year 1852 there were l3S
Jesuit missionaries In Japan. larger
number than are here Mt the present time,
and the Christians numbered more than
60OCo Twenty years later the number had
passed the million mark. despite the he
ginning OF persecution. AT this period
splendid embassies We're sent by Christ
Rome
Martyrdom by Fire and Sword.
japanese politics, the enrty of Budd-
shists, the factonal quarres among the
relgion!sts. created an antagonism to the
church which was first manifested in 1857.
The Dofninicans and Franciscans, who
were Spanish, are said to have circulated
stories about the Jesuits, who were most
~ Portuguese, to the effect that they
plotted tho overthrow OF the Japanese
government. Tho fires Of persecution
smouldercd until 1886. when they broke
out fercely. All the authority OF the gov
erment was exercised to blot out Christ
ianity The most ingenious methods We're
devised to discover Christians. and to
cause them to recant, Thousands were
imprisoned. slain by the sword and
crucifed.
One Protestant writer expresses the
situation thus: Fire and sword were
freely used to extirpate Christianity. Con-
verts were wrapped In straw sacks, piled
in heaps of living fuel. and set on lire
Many were burned with fires made from
the CROSSES before which they were ac-
cugto1ned to bow. Some were buried alive,
The power OF religion to uphold
and sustain. even in the midst OF tor
ture, was never more strikinsly Nus
trated. and the ancient Roman world pro-
duced no more Wiling martyrs thah ulu
Japan at this time
Two hundred priests thus met death
refusing to desert their hocks by seeking
refuge In their own countries, The con
yerts vainly attempted 10 conceal few
priests, that the sacramenis might bt
preserved But the system of govermen
spies. and OF rewards fer informers. ant
tho terrible tests of the inauisition coul'
nat be overcome, Persons suspected o
being believers in what the great shogul
Iyeyas ts!nce deiaeD calls in the cod
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1907-01-20

ride their donl.eys or mules, sitting far
back, with their long legs hanging down.
Tho native women ride astride. Ihey
look like red bags tied to the saddles, and
their covered heads bob up and down as
the beasts jog along.
Morocco has many fine horses of Ara
,oian blood Some OF those here are rid
den by Moors, clad in long white gowns.
with high pointed hoods. which hang
loose about their herce, bearded faces.
Some such belong 10 the Moorish cavalry,
as may be seen by the rifles they carry.
They use short stirrups, and their knees
are high upon the saddle
Moorish Street Scenes.
But turn now and look at the people as
they pass by. Notice these sober faced
Mohamredans dressed all In white. their
faces OF all compilations shining out of
their hoods. They are all bearded, and
the elder ones have long gray whiskers
which hang down on the chest. Many
wear turbans, and the bare feet of all are
clad in bright yellow slippers. Observe
how friendly they are with each other.
Those two old men on the corner have
been sossiping for more than an hour. n
little later these streets will be border
ed with groups of men sitting on the
ground or upon low stools, leaning back
against the walls as they chat together.
They spend great deal of time in tha
tea houses and are fond of entertaining
each other. This is a Mohammedan land.
and no one ever introduces his wife or
daughter to his friend. The two sexes
are kept wide apart, and this throws the
men more together and makes friendship
among them more common feature than
in our part of the world.
! In addition to the Moors dressed in
! white there are other odd characters
which we meet at every step. There arc
rough fellows in gowns and hoods of dark
! gray or brown, ferce-looking mountain
I GERS with brown faces and negro slaves
as black as a stove. There are many
mulattoes. There are men from desert
and beyond, travellers from Fee and other
Moroccan towns and laborers, some of
! whom are almost in rags.
One queer genius is beggar who claims
to have been in America. He makes q
weird music with cymbals. dancing and
singing and blubbering at the mouth as
he does so. When 1 saw him to-day he
said: Master. you American. been In
America been in Shecaago, Buffo
Cleveland. st. Louis. Umha. Philadel-
pheeya Wasntone. I Soudan man will
Barnum circus. travel all over. You
American, suppose you give money" Tht
! word Wasintone caught me and / handed
him few coppers. He then danced away
numbering and jingling his cyrlbals.
Among the strangest sights here are the
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1907-01-20

as had been his family before him for
200 years. It was the practice for the
father to teach secretly to his Oldest son
the religion Of the Jesults as he had re-
ceived ii, laying upon the son q sacred
obligation to pass tho doctrine down.
This momentousS chapter OF religious
history has several bearings. but at the
present critical period in Japans rell-
glous life 1t is an important evidence TO
the fidelity of tho Japanese character,
Those who question whether the native
Christians will hold out. should miss'oh-
aries depart, have only to read this un-
narellelled page of the church's annals to
learn a lesson in herolsm and steadfast-
ness that is nothing less than thrilling.
Prosecutions and Prosperity.
I.ulled into sense of security by the
coming of the missionaries, the Chris
tians openly avowed themselves, But i'll
1868 the present emperor reiterated the
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1907-01-20

women, Ono does not see much of them,
except an eye or 40, but they look out
nevertheless. II one Of you American
girls will take Il we!l-worn blanket of
thin white flannel and drape 1t about
your body. over your clothes, so that IT
hides the whole OF your person. wrapping
Il fold or SO about the head and leaving
only crack for one eye. or perhaps
both. you Will have fair representation
of the common Moorish girl as she goes
along the streets. The only bare skin
one can see is the little section about the
eyes; Mt least. not until the lady gets
by. She shows more at the rear than
the front, and often more leg than the
American girl shows when clad In her
stockings The bare heels OF these maid
ems can always be seen. rising and fall
ing. in their red slippers. as. bent half
double. t.fey hasten along. The women
here do not loiter and chat on the streets,
and though they often visit their friends
they spend but little time at the doors
while greeting each other. and there are
no front gates for them to hang over
while they discuss the servant question
Or retail the last scandal,
Some of the lower class females go
about with bare faces. and an old wo-
man may. now and then. drop the cover
Ing which hides her features. Ihe young
and tho pretty are always kept hidden,
and / notice that many have cotton
or some other cloth wrapped tightly
about the lower part Of the face in addi-
ton to the outside covering, which they
hold tight as they go.
They Like Good Clothes.
am told that the Moorish girls are
fond OF fine clothes. and that these ghost
" wrappings often hide costly garments
They wear u kaftan. sort Of waist and
skirt which reaches to the feet, and over
this garment of fine goods, through
which tho bright HAITIAN shows. They
have belts OF leather or sashes OF gold
thread They sometimes have handker
| chiefs about their heads. held up by
| cardboard. They are foud of jewelry and
| load themseles down with earrings brace
lets and anklets. They paint the eye
brows. lips and cheeks. but do not tat.
| 49,
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1907-01-20
THE ROMANCE OF ROMAN CATHOLICISM IN JAPAN

ancient anu-Christian cdicts, In the fol -
lowing .proolamations:
.Thc evil sect, called Christian
strictly prohibited Suspicious 4.ersonse
should he reported to the proper officers
and rewards will be given "With~re-
spect to the Christian sect. the existing
prohibition must be strictly observer. Evil
sccts are strictly prohibited"
For several years the Christians who
refused to forswcar their faith were again
called upon to pass through the fires or
persecution. They were exiled and I'M
prjsoned and tortured TO the number OF
more than 60No-2.o0o again paying the
last full measure of devotion" Full re-
lIRIous liberty was granted, however, in
1873 and since then the Roman Catholic
church has made remarkable progress in
japan especially among the poor and
lov,y. to whom 1t has particularly min
istered. $50
There are aAs Roman Catholic missions
nries in Japan. all members of the Society,
of Jesus. and practically all French
/ some antagonism was shown to them dur
| Ing the late war because of Frances
| alliance with Russia, but this was gem
orally overcome by the tact of the mis-
| sionares themselves. The self-sacriflce
and zeal OF these men is.praised by every
body. A frequent subject OF remark -
r.
poverty of the natives among whom they
live. One of the fathers himself says on
this point:
should live according to the precepts or
evangelical poverty, and so. aside from
/ lodging, 1t allows only % yen lSA.5O) a
month to European missionaries. It -ia
misery to those who have no private
means.
i Nevertheless there arc several who
must content themselves with this pit.
lance and live on such modest resources.
Strange to relate, 1t Is Just these last who
succeed best in CHARACTERIZATION. The Jap
anese people, being themselves poor, lis
ten more readily to an apostle who lives
a. life of privation than to one who has Il
modest competence" Repeatedly have
heard the contrast made between the styla
OF living adopted by the Roman Catholics
and that of the Protestant missionaries,
and always in favor of the former.
Nuns came in 1872, and their first postu-
, liant, as also the first nun to die. was q
young woman named Kataoka, known as
''Slster Margaret" who was "the sister
, and daughter Of martyrs" and whose
death was fastened by the ill-usage she
!, had endured as child in jail, where sha
, saw her father executed for his faith.
The Clstercian Trapplsts. whose order
, dates from the twelfth century, have two
colonies, one of monks and ono OF nuns
, In the northern island Of Yezo, not, far
: from Hakodate. These are all engaged
: In agriculture, and their farms are re-
, garded as models by the Japanese gov
. :. ernment Their time Is divided between
prayer and farm work. They arise at
A, NJ. During several hours dairy tpey
observe the rule of silence.
Q or Roman Catholic churches IN Japan
: usually more prepossessing IN appear
. CONTINUED on Fifth Page.)
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1907-01-20

costing n dollar; charcoal Is proportion
ntely high.
About all the washing is done In cold
water we can see the clothes drying on
the roofs of the houses There are but
few yards. and the laundresses often
dry their clothes near the streams. out
side the city, where they wash, pounding
the garments on the stones.
The Water Works of the Moors.
There Is a scarcity Of water in almost
every Moroccan city. Tangier has no
water works, and 1t Is short on sewers
and other modern improvements. The
streets are sprinkled by men who go
through them with goatskin bags on their
backs. bending half double as they scat
ter the drops hero and there. Each bag
holds about ten gallons and the sprink-
ling water comes from the sea. Other car
riers so from house to house with fresh
water. which they bring from the wells
of the streams outside the city. They
ring the bells as they go: and have little
brass cups In which they will give you
all you can drink for less than a cent.
I should. however, 81 coon think OF
drinking a cup Of pure typhoid bacteria
as Of tasting such water, although,
stopped one OF these ragged old water
beggars to-day and bought cup while
my guide, Mohammed, snapped my
camera Such men receive about four
cents per skinfull, and they aid in sup
plying the household.
Much of the cooking and washing water
Is brought into the city in little five-gal-
lon kegs, two or three of which are slune
on each side OF n donkey, the peddler
sitting on top or walking behind. 1 VEN
| ture that there are 500 men who tote
water in one way or another in this town
! OF Tangier.
The Drays of Tangiers.
| "And why do they not have water
| wagons?" I hear some one ask.
open the eyes of your imagination anf
see These streets are SO narrow tha
a hand cart could not be pushed through
them. In some I can stand In the centre
ard touch both walls with my hands
There stnot wheeled vehicle inside thu
whole town. and for. that matter, Their
are not a half-dozen IN all Morocco Thu
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1907-01-20
Slavery Still Common.

AS far as can learn, the Moorish ladies
have an easy time. They nearly all have
slaves. and this is especially SO of those
outside Tangier. There are also slaves
here, but the chief markets Tor them arc
in the cities of the south. this place be-
ing too near Europe to permit their being
publicly exposed and sold. Most of the
slaves como from the Soudan. and the
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1907-01-20

(By Frank G. Carpenter)
rE> Angler, MoRocco.--come with
me this bright Sunday morning
and take q look at some of the
odd things in this lana OF Othello.
,rhe sombre-faced Moors are going
to and fro through the streets, and
we shall meet with many a scowl We
shall not see the faces of their Desde-
monas and we shall have to move care
fully for fear of giving offense. We shall
first take a brds-eye view OF Tangser
before we start to walk through 1t. The
city lies on tho edge Of the Atlantic
Ocean. in hollow or nest in these wild
African hills. 1t has big wall around 1t
and It's blue and white houses remind me
of lot OF gigantic store boxes jumbled
together in all sorts OF shapes. The high
est part Is a citadel. where the governor
lives There he holds court. and there Is
his prison. where scores Of half-naked
miserable beings are shut up, with chains
around their legs. At night they sleep
OF the stones, all tied together by one
chain, which binds the necks of the whole
criminal crowd They do their own cook
ing, and their friends must furnish the
food or they starve on short rations or
dry bread and water. There Is no habens
corpus act here, and it is not hard for
man of influence to get poorer brother
In jail.
Tangier From the Citadel.
Let us stand together near tho cover
nor's palace and take look over the
city What a strange town is this within
almost rifle shot of Europe, here at the
beginning of the twentieth century! The
roofs are fiat, and there is not a chimney
in sight There are no smokestacks and
no smoke. There are sixty thousand
people living in that tumble of houses
below us, and they eat at least three
meals a day. Their cooking is done upon
fires of charcoal made in clay basins,
half the size of a wash bowl, with hole
at the side for the draft. Some of the
larger establishments have little brick
ovens built into the walls of their kitch-
ems. but the cooking there is done the
same way. The land about here Is use
less, and the fuel is costly, an arnliul
OF faggots as big as a broom hahole