davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1907-05-08
STRICKEN DUMB III COURT.
NM "A clegranh ID M TrihEne I

South Norwalk, Conn. May Without warn
ing Ernest c. Gregory. Il young lawyer, while
in the Ncrwalk town court recently 70 make
an aprcal for = client. found that his voice had
entirely departed. The experts now give him
Iittlc encouragement of its ever returning As
Ny. Gregory attempted to speak he was unable
to utter word
The Judge stIrted to upbraid thelawyer, but
as MIR Gregory fell back into his chair almost
in swoon from surprise and grief the laughter
sulsidrd MI. Gregory had 10 be taken home
He had always possessed full, clear voice and
had a most promising career. He had never had
trouble with his voice and had cold that
might have affected his organs. II was Thought
thlt the affection might dc temporary. but the
vocal organs are paralyZed. and Mr. Gregory
pr6bahly is permanently dumb,
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1907-05-08
FORAKER HEN REJOICE
Erpect No Test at Primaries for q
Year at Least.
IBy Telegraph to The Tribune.I

Columbus, Ohio, May I-Senator Dick re-
turned to-day from Cincinnati. where he con-
ferred with Senator Foraker George 3. Cox.
erstwhile Republican leader of Southern Ohio,
and other Foraker lieutenants.
Nothing IN the way of compromise be-
tween the Taft and Foraker forces has been
considered suggested he said tonight,
and this Is regarded formal declaration of
Mr. Dick will return to Akron tomorrow
and oIen state headquarters for Foraker.
The Foraker men tonight are rejoicing over
what they regard first blood in their fight
with Mr.. Taft. They say that Governor
Harris. Senator's Foraker and Dick and Walter
Brown, Of Toledo. chairman of the Republican
state Central Committee are opposed to holding
primaries this year a test of strength, no
vote Will be taken on the question for more
than a year at the earliest.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1907-05-08
NEAR GOAL IN CANAL BEGGING.

Washington, May THE excavation at
Panama last month. under tine direction IF
Lieutenant Colonel Goethals, was the nearest
vet To the goal of 100000 cubic yards Il
month \ cable report from the engineer in
charge received &C the office of the Isthmian
Canal Commission to-day, says that for April
the excavation in Cuebra Cut amounted to
S19.32T cubic yards. and at the Cation lock site
to 10S000 cubic yards.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1907-05-08
J. H. SMITH WILL READ.
LEFT ABOUT $50, O,OOO,OO0.
T'zco Nephezcs Named as Presump-
tiUe Residuary LegdteeS.

The will of James Henry Smith, who died in
March. in Japan, while he was on his wedding
trip around the world was read yesterday,
after the funeral in st. BarthOlOmew's Church
The blood relatives of Mr.. Smith and his widow
listened to the reading of the will in the house
at No S11 Fifth avenue, which Mr.. Smith pur-
chased from the estate Of William c. Whitney
The estate is estimated at about S300000OO
One of the executors said after the reading
that there would be contest.
The will was executed in Scotland on Sep
tember 13. 1906 Immediately after his mar
riage to the former wife of William Rhine
lander Stewart. One of its provisions gives to
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1907-05-08

Is an PittSburg Residence District on
Land Worth $4jO 900.
;By Telegraph to The Tribune !

Pitisburg, May I.-R. b Mellon, Bunker and
ca pitallst of this city, is erecting a chicken
farm in the heart of the fashionable Squire!
Hill residence district, on ground worth S4d0o0o
The plot contains nine acres, valued at S100O0
an acre and is at Shady and Fifth avenues. l.
adioins the former residence Of Charles NJ.
Scbyab. which is now occupied by y. II. Glenn
son, the steel man.
The farm will be fitted up with every modern
convenience for raising chickens. The object of
the farm is to furnish fresh eggs and tcndcr
chickens for the Mellon household, which IS
located nearby.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1907-05-08
MR.. TAFT TO VISIT SOUTH DAKOTA
Will Spend Week of June Is There as Guest
of Senator Kittredge.
TDy Telegraph TO The Tribune. :

Sioux City, Iowa, May Secretary Taft will
sItend the week of June 10 to % in South Da-
kota, where there is healthy boom for him.
He will be the guest of Senator Kittre5ge at
Sioux Falls on June 10 and IS. and the Senator
will accompany him 10 the Black Hills. where he
will inspect the army post at Fort Meade As
Senator Kittredge is leader of the weaker wing
of the party in his state. there iS some feeling
over Mr.. Taft coming his guest. Mr.. Taft
Will be In Sioux City for several hours on June
l., and the Commercial Club is planning great
reception for him. Iowa favors Taft after
Roosevelt
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1907-05-08
ATOMIC THEORY HOLDS.
Experiments Prore Nothing against
1t, Lord KeIuin Saus.
Especial by French Cable 10 The Tribune
tCopyrlght. 1907: by TIE Tribrne Association

London, May Lord Kelvin, the most
eminent scientist in the kingdom discussing
to-day the discredited report that Professor
ramsay had produced copper from a combina-
uoh or sodium, lthium and potassium under
the influence OF radium emanations. made the
following statement
The admirable results discovered by the
experimental research on radium prove nothing
against the atomic theory in support of sup
posed transmutations or changes of metals or
other chemical elements" INF
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1907-05-08
LENROOT OUT IN WISCONSIN.
Withdraws from Contest for Senator
Spooner's Place-Deadlock Continues.

Madison Wis, May Irvine L. Lenroot, Of
Superior, withdrew from the contest for United
States Senator tonight. He made no request
as to the future course of his followers. The
toint ballot to-day produced no result. The fol-
iowine Republicans led in the contest: ESch.
1e; Lenroot, II; Stephenson IL; Cooper IA;
Halter II. A., - ..
night agreed that for tonight at least they WoGld
continue to support him. Four ballots Were taken
49,. last one resulting: Stephenson. 18: Esch. 10
I~enroot Il; Cooper 13; Hatten, y; scattering. L.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1907-05-08
Discoveries ON PALATlNE HILL.

Rome May THE excavations which are be-
ing conducted the Palatine Hill have shown
q curious and interesting circumstance. The
Metropolis has been found to contain remains Of
the ninth, eighth, sixth and fourth centuries be-
fore Christ All fragments of the seventh and
fifth centuries are lacking and archnoogists are
engaged in a close study Of the field in order to
find the reason.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1907-05-08
ELEVEN THOUSAND DEAD.
HeTero, Tribesmen Perish from
Hunger on Flight NOrth7card.

Cape Town. May 7.-Finding il useless to re-
sist the German troops. fifteen thousand Herrero
tribesmen, according 10 information received
here to-day from German Southwest Africa, de-
cided some time ago to move northeaStward
with the object Of establishing settlement in
the Lake Ngami region, but only four thousand
of the natives reached their destination the
manning eleven thousand having pcrshed from
starvation
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1907-05-08
AN ANGLO-GERMAN AGREEMENT.
African Colonial Disputes Settled at Confer
ence in London

Berlin. May 7-Germany and Great Britain
have reached an agreement concerning their
various South African controversies which gives
reason for the hope that any differences of opin-
ion arising in the future will be settled in
friendly manner.
The negotiations which resulted in this un-
derstanding took place in London between Herr
Won I.indeuuist, Governor of German Southwest
Africa and DR.. Jameson, the Premier of Cape
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1907-05-08
popE,s ESCAPE FROM FALLING WALL.

Rome May THE remainder of the wall of the
Renaissance Garden. next 10 the Vatican Museum,
has been propped up pending decision whether the
garden shall be preserved. II was the custom of
the Pontif to walk daily in the Zitella alley. the
walls OF which are threatened with collapse
He had passed through this alley the day before
part of the overhanging wall fell.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1907-05-08
THE EXCAVATIONS AT PEsTUM.
4 Roadway and Doric Temple to Neptune
Uncovered.

Naples. May THE excavations at Postum
have brought to light roadway - feet wide.
flanked by sidewalks. The pavement of large
stone blocks shows deep ruts worn by the wheels
OF heavy chariots. beautiful Doric temple TO
Neptune has been uncovered for a distance OF
100 feet.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1907-05-08
ITALIAN VOLCANOES ACTIVE.
ERUPTION of Stromboli Continues-Mount
Etna Throws Out Lava.

Messina, May THE Stromooli volcano mas
been interrnitterty active since April 70 Cir
ders and stones. accompanied by loud EXPLOSIONS
have been frequently thrown OUT OF the crater
The vegetation in the vicinity OF the mountain
has been destroyed. The people continue to
leave the island.
Mount IA1tna also has shown conside-aoie ac.
,,,stv during The last ten days. cinders lava and
smoke emanating from the new crater.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1907-05-08
A DELIGHTFUL TRIP.

Six-dey Tour TO Gettysburg and Washulgt ton va
s22 from New York covers ell necessary expenses
-AAVt
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1907-05-08

CARPET CLEANSING, 7. M. STEWART,
a2s 7th Av Founded 1869. TEL. e:3 6 saa-Cheisea--
VT
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1907-05-08

GREAT BEAR SPRING WATER.
.1ts purity has made It famous."-Advt
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1907-05-08

Continued on second page
The Idaho recorder. [volume] (Salmon City, Idaho) 1886-1927, 1907-10-24
Founded on Finance

Continued From Page Two.
hope Of success against Theodore
Goosetrit's eandidztsg
second II Henry ". whitney is
elected governor Of Massachusetts,
upon = business mans platform all
he not - lie logical bssslness mas
candidate for is0 for Washington
on the democratic platforms
Iienry " whitney TODAY has fhs
top and sattom OF tie democratic
psfty 30 Massachusetts, lie IL gain
ing strength esery day and Is bsins
daily more and more loved for tn
enemies lse has made.
Tbs election OF Henry NJ. Whittier
as governor Of Massachusetts, upon
business mans platform makes bin
at once the only formidable eantii
dn,e ~hom the democrats can pat Il
the field With any bope OF secces
against the Iaau whom rheosinr
Roosevelt snail uame.
The Idaho recorder. [volume] (Salmon City, Idaho) 1886-1927, 1907-10-24

part OF its output goes Into a neigh
boring state. Bus what is the real
pOlntg The American public has de-
mauded reforms, through the en-
forcement Of existing laws ara
through the repeal or modification Of
soaie which are responsible for the
worst abuses. The only answer SO
far Is that reform nsnst he postponed
until revolation has been accom-
plished. According % the president.
the whole workiog system OF govern
ment must be changed before the
republican party, as he represents Is.
can reform its own abuses. The In
ter Ocean calls his plan "a monstIous
proposition" IL Is 4 nons.ruus all
surdity and a dangerous one. Bnt
reforms IL possible I'm spite OF IL and
In spite OF the republican party. st.
Louis Republic.
The Idaho recorder. [volume] (Salmon City, Idaho) 1886-1927, 1907-10-24
Csrtass Cure ies Crssp -tsed tss
Ten Years wsshosi a FaiIsrs.

Mr.. W. c. Bott. a star city. int.,
hardware userchnt, Is enthusiastic iu
bis praise Of Cbamheriaip's Coagh
Remedy. His children have all been
sublest 10 eronp. and he has used this
remedy for ,le past ten ,esrz. add
Though they much feared the Group,
his wife and he always felt safe upon
retiring when a hottie ~ Chamter-
laIn's Cough Remedy Was In the
house. His oldest chiid was subject
10 severe attacks Of csosp. bot this
remedy never failed To eiec, a SPEEDY
enre. He has recommended IL 20 hl'
friends and teiglihors and all whS
have used IL Ssy that IL Is uneqnaDeS
I for Group and wnoopIng eoagh. DO
sale by ". q. Iyeatt. salmon and "
q. stone, Junction.
The Idaho recorder. [volume] (Salmon City, Idaho) 1886-1927, 1907-10-24
A Osick ard Safe Rene dy isr 30
CempfAiais-

Twenty years ago Mr.. Geo. "
Brock discovered that Chamberlain S
Colic. Cholera and Diarrhoea Rem.
.dy vas q quick and safe cure for
towel complaints During all OF
these years, be says. II have Tse'i
4, and recommended IL MANY time.
and the results have never yet dis
appointed me. Mr.. Brock Is pub
Usher OF the Aberdeen. Md. Enter
prise. For sale by W. u Pyeatt
salmon and ". =. Stone, junction.
The Idaho recorder. [volume] (Salmon City, Idaho) 1886-1927, 1907-10-24

Capitalization IS bad. but this goes
a bo~ shot teyond the widest
schemes Of Capitalization yet prs-
pused, 1t amounts to the abrueation
OF the organic law. and the suhstitu.
tion In place thereto Of the will of a
majority OF nine Judges practically
appointed by the president. Rich
nond Va. Journal.
The Idaho recorder. [volume] (Salmon City, Idaho) 1886-1927, 1907-10-24

quarantine oficer ..... 2l.oO
Alex Rarrack repairing water
at jail. ................. ESQ
Langsdorf s Co Is jury cert. lOd. 50
Z. W. Temple jury cert. ...... 90
W. b. MeKinnie court bailiG
Y days. 600
First Nat. bank 10 jury cert. :. 2l3.OO
Jas. Maylty lion scalp. $3.50. 1900
W. C. Smith extra dept adding -
assessment roll 49,. 900
Mary Reese board John Wilson 1000
Geo. W. Meitzler drugs and
mdse. 6.lo
Bushong & Co. blanks and
blank books. .... 49,. :. I42. -
Vim. L. Mnlkey cords wood. I2.eo
y. NJ. Tingley janitor court
house and wood .. loi. 90
}. NJ. Cummings quarantine
oiiicer. -................... 40. ~
II. +. Frost printing and
blanks ............. $50
Geo ". Neither drugs and
mdse. 24.lU
". II. Stone telephone mess
dgts. j. u
| ID. McNuIt Ia rent c0urt houSe .abG IA
The Idaho recorder. [volume] (Salmon City, Idaho) 1886-1927, 1907-10-24

Cbas. NJ. Hull L sal and exp
com Bird dist. ........... 1880
W. Z. Smith i sal and dept
clerk and recorder. ....... $50. 90
Cash paid Chas. Huestes by
oroer l5....... ........... 565. 90
II. 5. Waters 4 sal and exp as
assessor and col 80. ....... 1880
Ethel g. Watkins 4 sal and
exp as school supt. ....... 1873. 60
Geo. Steel Il sal probate Judge. 225. 90
+. }. Cowen a sal and exp
county Atty. ......... 2l2.OO
VIM. L. Mulkey 4 sal as sheriff
and dept and board prison
ers and exp. ...... 746. As
Guy Edwards 4 sal and exp
anc postage. ............. $50. 80
L. 5. Wright drugs .... $40
Statesman Printing Co. blanks I.2O
Salmon City Water Co. water
for or. 1850
Syms York Co. blank books. 20. so
W. Van lorns water com 2rd
or 1907. ...... 25.30
W. Van Iorns water com and
exp 3 or 1907 ........... 90. 40
A. ". Pattison burying John
Wilson (indigent) ...... $500
W. C. Whitwell 4 sal as Co.
physician. .......... l9i. 90
T.. +. Edwards mdse INDECENT
persons 49,. ....... 1915
Pioneer Mer. Co. mdse .... 81. 90
Langsdorf & Co. acct j. Wright
The Idaho recorder. [volume] (Salmon City, Idaho) 1886-1927, 1907-10-24
Proceedings.
Third Quarter 1907.

Third Quarter IgUi.
Salmon, idaho, Oct. IA, 1907.
THE Board Of County Commission
4 met in regular session. Members
resent. John Long, Chairman. Will
brF. Stone, Chas, NJ. Hull, ". G.
|hith. Clerk.
The following bills we're allowed
BID warrants ordered drawn on the
Srent expense fund.
BIN Long 4 sal and exp as
com 1st dist. .............S 81. 90
i +. Stone 4 sal and exp as
com md dist. ............. 133. 90
The Idaho recorder. [volume] (Salmon City, Idaho) 1886-1927, 1907-10-24

President i.oosesclts reference tn
the railroad Ahicb Is doing business
Ia far western states uudef New
Jersey charter doesn't alright the
intelligent student OF political econ
onIy half ~ much an the reverse view
be Offers OF nati0nal railroad char.
tered at Washington doing business
In any state II pleasss 10 enter, As
things are now. the raiIt1ad char.
tered by New Jersey enters other
states b, the license Of their statutes.
and not by the inherent risht OF its
foreign charter bot under the Rose.
welt plan nt federal Incorporation
the nationally chartered railroad
would entef any state without ask
ing cave ~ fearing hindrapce. That
Is the radical revolution MIR. Roose
ys I invites. aud he may he sure that
the American people are against hin
Ga that issue by 40 overwhelming
majority ~ Louis Republic.
The Idaho recorder. [volume] (Salmon City, Idaho) 1886-1927, 1907-10-24


An industrial corporation who's.
product enters into interstate com.
merce occupies totally different po-
sition from that OF common carrier
or national banking institution. IL
Is not at al obvious what good end
could be accomplished by snblectIns
such a corporation 10 federal super.
vision ana control which can not liz
already attained by the exercise OF
the state authority. from witch IL
derives the right 20 exist. There 10
no guarantee--that national sapervi.
sion may not be laggard or corrupt
except the influence OF pnhiic opinion,
which Is more likely to lind effective
depression In correction OF the fail.
ures OF state administration than Ia
Ieri,Icism Of those OF federal depart
ment. IL II quite possible 10 over
load any department Of the national
goyernmen, with functions whose In
teiligent exercise calls for thorough
knowledge. unbending rectitnde, aud
constant slIigance. In matters re-
latins to the control OF great corpor
aiions, u Is probable that the gov
eminent nj Washington has ALREADY
Iauiie as much an It's hands a. IL car
, properly supervise. New York Jouf
! nal.
The Idaho recorder. [volume] (Salmon City, Idaho) 1886-1927, 1907-10-24

The Recorder Is chuck fun Of news
every week. II you are nut . sub
scrilser you are missing = great deal.
The Idaho recorder. [volume] (Salmon City, Idaho) 1886-1927, 1907-10-24

A few doees Of this remedy win In
variably cure an ordinary attack Of
diarrhma.
10 can always be depeudeS upo<..
even la the more severe attacks Of
craEHp collie and cholera rn0rbus.
II il equally Sucnessial Ter simmer
diarrhua and cholera infanfam in
children. and h the useans II saving
the lives Of many children each year
When reenced with water and
sweeteBed Il IL pleasant to take.
Every man az a family should keep
this remedy Ia his home. Buy II new
PRscE, 25c. LARGg SGxx. 50c
The Idaho recorder. [volume] (Salmon City, Idaho) 1886-1927, 1907-10-24

When the presidents coma issioner
OF corporations shall control all the
Industrial establishments Of the
country We shall have Russian bu.
reauerary fully established. and With
the control Of business ~ill 30 the
control OF politics. IL viii .be idle,
then, To hold presidential elections
The president can eonstrue them out
o, the consultation as easily as lac
eau canstFue Into IL the national re-
ulatlon OF the industrial lite OF the
people. We know now Just exactly
wha. the Roosevelt progressive
| policies" are. The people viii not
vote next year 10 inaGgurate them. :
Philadelphia Record.
The Idaho recorder. [volume] (Salmon City, Idaho) 1886-1927, 1907-10-24

The adoption OF the president
views would unquestlonabiy center
vast powers In the federal aoyern-
uient and would he long step 10 re-
daciag the powers OF sovereign states.
Indeed, the states would lie largely
shorn nf their authority even IN It's
application IN matters within Their
own Jurisdiction, and the federal
government would be the dominating
influence The country over. Local
self-goveInment would lie reduced 10
a minimum, aud our long boosted
republican form Of government would
drift dangerously near az imperia.is.
tic system which the trainers OF the
constitntion undertook Ia avoid.
President Roosevelt Is centraii1a.
ZIONIST. lie has done more III en-
courage, yea. Ia develop that system
Of government In America than an,
man Who has occupied the white
House since the civil war. Ills tu,
distinctions In this respect do moi
suggest real differences. lie believes
ia weli-nigh unlimited powers io
the federal government and I've ptac
tees IL So FAR as a healthy American
public sentiment Will permit Bir
miugham tAla. News.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1907-08-23

over and is survived by several children
Although 20 years of age and entitled
to retire on pension many years ago
Mehan preferred to work beng Ylgor-
Gus despite his age. He never before
suffered accident.
The fire to which he was called was
in the home of julius Breslauer. Il com
boulevard The damage was light.
Mehan had IN application for retire
ment pending before the board OF fire
and police commissioners since August
1. 1t was delay ed only by the absence
of w. H. Graebner. member OF the
board.
"NIehan was m old man in the depart
ment when l Joined" said Chief Clancy
this morning, speaking of the old ire
mans service land he was the driver
of the engine upon which | worked when
I went into the department. That was
old engine No. 4 and was stationed on
Third and Fowler streets when Third
street cut through the site Of the Union
depot. After the depot was built, the
where it was lather difficult to get out
with the apparatus and the new site, on
Second street. was chosen and a new
place built. Mehan was fortunate in
that he only had one little accident
which cost him thumb Some years
ago he was thrown from his wagon IN
some manner while taking his horses out
for practice. and his thumb had to be
taken off. Except for that he was never
injured before that | know Of. He was
a good man and a fine driver, for Il bet
ter man with horses never worked be
FORE
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1907-08-23
PLATT MAKES A DENIM
Replies to Charges of Maladmin;,.
in United States Express
Company.

NEW YORK, Aug. 200,
made by certain shareholders 0u EaFa
United States Express comnonY y
there has been maladministration y
company's affairs by its officers VI y
rectors are denied by Senator NT ~,
whose reply as president of tbo ny
pany was made public today, "e
The shareholders who mad.
charges requested that the d;a
bring suit against themselves fo u' JGe
ages suffered by the company :, lae
on account of your negligence in ' M, q
ing the company and to return lung
company funds wasted or LOST ,L IT, y
such negligence" ''V'y
The shareholders committed mo,
demand on the directors that moae
be called to select directors to tSySle
places of those who might resign IA" 1
The board denies knowledge nf
negligence on the part of any dho&a
of the company, or of any loss ra< ,'5yl
to the company from its transaction'@
real estate not necessary for tbn \.
poses of the company or otherwise "
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1907-08-23
WANTS TOBE ARRESTED
Marinette Man Telephones Sheriff to
Send Carfare to Take Him
to Jail

MARINETTE. Wis, Aug. 2O.-TSpe-
ciaI. SHERIFF Sebel had an unique ex-
perience last evening. A man wanted
on the charge Of larceny and for whom
the officers have been looking. called the
sheriff over the phone, said he was in
Menominee. Mich, asked for car fare
and when that was sent to him. came
over to the county Jail without escort
aud gave himself up.
Two weeks ago the brass weights on
the scales of Lyon brothers, flour and
feed dealers here, were stolen. Howard
Leaf, who had been employed by Lyon
brothers, disappeared the same time as
the weights \ warrant was issued for
his arrest. but he could not be found.
Last evening Sheriff Seibel was called to
the telephone The first words he heard
were: Il understand you are looking
for Howard Leaf"
The officer was quick to reply that he
was.
We'll, am Howard Leaf. I'm pretty
hungry and if you will send over car
fare I'll come to you"
Further talk elected the information
that Leaf was in Menominee, Mich, just
across the line. Car fare was given to
him and in about an hour Leaf showed
up at the county jail and was placed in
a cell He had his examination and was
bound over to circuit court for trial.