davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Dakota farmers' leader. (Canton, S.D.) 1890-19??, 1907-06-14
HAYWOOD TRIAL ON.
OPENING OF FAMOUS IDAHO
MURDER CASE.
Marry Orchard, self-Confessed Stay
err of Ex-Governor mem
Tells His story ON the Stand
Prosecutions Startling Charges. .

Boise, Idaho. correspondence:
Harry Orchard, the witness who was
to lay the foundation for the case of
the State of Idaho against William D..
Haywood, charged with the murder Of
former Governor Frank Steunenberg,
went on the stand at Boise Wednesday,
The appearance Of Orchard marked the
real opening of the case. Orchard by
his W confession Is the actual MUIR
derer of ~Steuenberg., Haywood Is the
first person to be tried on the charge
OF that murder and the self-confessed
murderer is expected, according to the
statement of the prosecuting attorney,
to convict Haywood.
The specific charge against Haywood
Is that he was accessory before the fact
to the murder of Frank Steunenberg.
former Governor of Idaho. Steunen-
berg was blown up with a dynamite
bomb as he entered his front gate on
the night of. Dec. 80, 1908. In every
day speech, the charge is that Haywood
Dakota farmers' leader. (Canton, S.D.) 1890-19??, 1907-06-14
GOLD MINE IN WHEAT.
Government Expert Tells How
Riches May BE Won.

ASAA AIoNN
Riches May BE Won.
"A handful of wheat is worth less
than a cent and yet a single kernel in
that handful may easily be worth half a
million dollars. Is it not worth a little
effort to discover which is the half mill
ion dollar kernel?"
The Assistant Secretary OF Agricul-
ture in Washington was explaining one
of the wonderful things of modern plant
breeding science. Mr.. w. NJ. Hays was
brought up in the Minnesota experiment
station and is one of the authorities on
this subject.
In fairy stories there were magic
peas and magic beans, which had Won
derful power concealed within them"
Prof. Hays continued. But nothing in
those fairy stories is really more Won
derful than the simple facts. The magic
of heredity makes a single kernel of
wheat equal to a gold mine. a single
kernel of corn worth a kings ransom.
a small and despised apple seed equal in
value to the revenues of one of our rich
est commonwealth.
1T is the power to transmit certain
qualities that gives the value. One seed
has it and another has not. That is the
whole proposition.
odd Peter Gideon bought 10000 ap-
pie seeds, and grew 10000 apple trees.
There was one in the 10000 that had the
power to ripen good fruit in the Mime
sofa winter. That was the magic seed.
That seed has been the parent of all the
fruit in the great Northwest. Its lat
ent power was literally worth a kings
ransom.
Dakota farmers' leader. (Canton, S.D.) 1890-19??, 1907-06-14
From Far and Near.

Four churches and a school house were
wrecked by a tornado at Rome. Tex.
There are about 10000 persons idle in
San Francisco because Of labor troubles.
Tho fire department of Wyoming, Ohio,
was burned out when the town hall was
destroyed.
The management of the jamestown ex-
position will be undertaken temporarily
and without salary by James NJ. Barr,
former president of the Seaboard Air
Line.
Buck High. a 15-year-old negro. was
hanged at McDonough. Pa, for assault
upon a 4-year-old daughter of a white
citizen.
Fol- the fortieth time the general as
sembly of the United P~resbyterians has
declined to create the Office of general
treasurer.
Before the end of the summer 100000
unorganized laborers and clerks of west
ern railroads will receive a 10 per cent
wage increase.
The Pocahontas Memorial Association
has announced that the unwilling of the
statue of Pocahontas at jamestown 10
postponed until late in the fall.
Dakota farmers' leader. (Canton, S.D.) 1890-19??, 1907-06-14
FILIPlNos ARE ImpRovlDENT.
Cornell Professor Says They Incl
Thrift and Com

Cornell Professor says They Lnch
Thrift and S~elf-ContruE.
The educational and social problems OF
the Philippine Islands and Porto Rico
claimed the attention of the members OF
the American academy of political and
social science at the recent annaai meet
ing of that body in Philadelphia. Prof,
f. NJ. kemmerer OF Cornell university, in
speaking of the Philippine savings bank,
said that the first postal savings bank
was opened for business at Manila on
Oct. l of last year, and by Jan. 81 OF
this year there We're sixty-two banks in
operation in various parts OF the islands.
At the end of December. three months
after the first bank was established. there
were Cpl depoSitors, having IN deposit.
$4,000. The principal classes of depos'
itors in the order of their numerical
Importance We're clerks, artisans, profes.
sional men, laborers, soldiers and sailors
and policemen. He said "A striking fact
in the figures is that of the Cpl deposit
ors up to Dec. 81 500 We're Americans
and ninety were Filipinos. The evidence
is sufficient to prove a strong witness to
the truth of the Filipino's reputation
for improvidence, and in so doing to show
the imperative need of an educational in.
stitution like the postal savings bank and
OF carrying on a vigorous educational
campaign through the schools and through
the officers of the bank in the interest Of
teaching the saving habit to the rising
generation of Eilipinos. For until the
Filipino has learned the lessons of provi-
dence. thrift and s~elf-control which the
saving habit exemRliies and inculcateS
he cannot expect any high degree of eth.
er economic or political independence"
Dakota farmers' leader. (Canton, S.D.) 1890-19??, 1907-06-14
Notes Of Current Events.

Judge Charles T. Woodruff, lately ap
pointed to the Maine Supreme Court,
never had a picture taken.
William Quinn, chief of police of
Greenville, Miss, committed suicide in
the presence of his daughter.
Sam Moor, a negro charged with poi
soning two men and two women, all ne
groes, was arrested at Roanoke, Va.
Mike Markovitch and John Toutzbat,
employed in a sand bank at Youngstown,
O., We're smothered to death, being caught
in a cavein.
The National Medico Psychological as
ISOLATION. which has been in session at
the jamestown exposition, decided to
meet next in Cincinnati, O.
Captain Harry Bowen. who has been
hiring strike breakers for the steamship
combine in New York. was attacked and
beaten by striking longshoremen. Grain
handlers struck in sympathy with the
longshoremcn. Longshoremen extended
the strike to Montreal.
Attorneys for Charles c. King, the al
legged Scotland. S. D.. bank wrecker, ap-
peared before Judge Garland of the Unit
ed States Court ut Sioux Falls, S. D.,
and asked that the amount of Kings
bond be reduced from $4,000 to $1,000.
Judge Garland consented to reduce the
bond to $500.
Secretary McGarr of the New York
State commission in lunacy at Albany,
in communication with the authorities of
Illinois relative to the system for the
care Of the insane in operation in his
State, is in receipt of a letter which
states the New York plan will 500 be
adopted in Illinois.
Dakota farmers' leader. (Canton, S.D.) 1890-19??, 1907-06-14
1]EE GZAR[NERS
..MSazlESa54&sIAu
"91@ |HGGe

Chicago-Cattle, common to prime
$500 to 500; hogs, prime heavy, $500
to S6.27; sheep, fair to choice. $500
to $6.75; wheat, No. 2, 92c to 95c;
corn, No. 2, SIC to 54c; oats, standard,
47c to 4Sc; rye, No. 2 Soc to SIC; hay,
timothy, $14.OO to $3.50; prairie, $500
to $500; butter, choice creamery, pc
to 24c; eggs, fresh, 12c to 15c; potatoes,
new, per bushel, $1.1O to $1.3O.
Indianapolis-Cattle, shipping, $500
to $685.; hogs, choice heavy, $500 to
$6.4O; sheep, common to prime, $500 to
1925; wheat, No. 2, 90c to 92c; corn,
No. 2 white, 53c to soc; oats, No. 2
white, Acc to 4Sc.
st. Louis-Cattle, $3.50 to S6.25;
hogs, $500 to $500; sheep, $500 to
$6.45; wheat, No. 2, 97c to 99c; corn,
No. 2, SIC to 53c; oats, No. 2, Acc to
47c; rye, No. 3, Sic to SIC.
Cincinnati-Cattle, $500 to $500;
hogs, $500 to S6.27; sheep, $500 to
$40; wheat, No. ,, $1.OO to S1.O1; corn,
No. 2 mixed, SOC to SIC; oats, No. 2
mixed, Acc to 4Sc; rye, No. ., Sic to Sac.
Detroit-Cattle, 400 to $3.50; hogs,
$500 to S6.25; sheep, $3.50 to S5.75;
w LtUL 4No. - t., JOC " 4 GULL, NV. y
yellow, SOC to SIC; oats. No. 3 white,
4Sc to SOC; rye, No. 2, SEC to SIC.
Milwaukee-Wheat, No. 2 northern,
97c to $1.OO; corn, No. 9, SIC to SIC;
oats, standard, Ale to 4Sc; rye, No. /,
SEC to Sic; barley, standard, 74c to 75c;
pork, mess, $16.2O.
Buffalo-Cattle, choice shipping steers,
$500 to $3.50; hogs. fair to choice, $500
to S6.45; sheep, common to good mixed,
$500 to 5000; lambs, fair to choice,
$500 to $500.
New York-Cattle, $4.OO to $6.4O;
hogs, $500 to S6.75; sheep, $500 to
$500; wheat, No. 2 red, 99c to $1.O1 :;
corn, No. 2, Gle to CSC; oats, natural
white, sic to SIC; butter, creamery, 23c
to 25c; eggs, western, 15c to tic.
Toledo-Wheat, No. 2 mixed, 94c to
95c; corn, No. 2 mixed, SOC to SEC;
oats, No. 2 mixed, 47c to 49c; rye, No.
2, 7Sc to roc; clover seed, prime, 1925.
Dakota farmers' leader. (Canton, S.D.) 1890-19??, 1907-06-14

new systems. Nearly every merger has
been attended by a stock issue, largely
Of water, which has been saddled Upon
the railroads. The masters of finance
were discounting the growth of The a
ton and the development of the prop
critics they were consolidating.
Every ohservant person has been
aware of the fact that since the Span
iSh-American war the nations business
has been expanding at a great rate.
The only branch of the country's mech
unism that has not kept pace with this
expansion has been the railroad. 1t has
been the policy of the masters OF
finance to check the building OF new
lines, force independent ores into sub
mission and concentrate traffic so that
t would yield the largest possible rev.
Nuue to the trunk systems which they
controlled. They have succeeded. The
railroads of the United States to-day
are in few hands. But in their hunger
for large profits and early returns
from the properties they have absorbed,
the masters Of finance have neglected
the physical we'll being Of the railroads.
They have looked more to net earnings
than to improved roadheds, additional
equipment II better service 20 the
public. They viewed with more favor
the manager who worked men and
cars to the limit all the time and show
ed a reduction of operating expenses,
with Il big increase in gross earnings,
than the one who always sought to i'm
prove the property.
When about a ear ago the tremen-
dous bulge in the volume of traffic came
suddenly it found the railroads unpre-
pared. The masters of finance had not
added many locomotives and cars to the
possessions of the properties they had
absorbed. Neither had they extended
the terminals of the various a to
meet the requirements of a constantly
growing traffic. Division superintend-
ents, yardmasters, masters of transpor-
tation, train dispatchers, conductors,
firemen, engineers and brakemen did
all they could. They buckled down to
their work as only well-trained, earnest,
efficient men will do. When they were
called upon to work extra hours they
did so willingly. But they could make
no impression on the flood. The more
they battled, the more freight seemed
to pour in upon them. Locomotives
capable of drawing thirty loaded cars
We're pressed to drag trains of thirty
six or forty. Men who could work
safely and we'll twelve or fourteen
hours a day were kept on duty sixteen
or eighteen. Cars that should go to the
repair shops We're kept in service on
the chance that they would get through
all right.
AS it was with freight so was 1t with
passenger traffic. Every passenger car
that could be utilized seemed to be
needed. One branch Of the service
seemed to keep pace with the other in
growth.
And now the railroads are in the
throes Of the reaction from the strain.
Equipment has given way and men
have given way. Hundreds of persons
have been killed and hundreds more
probably will be slaughtered before
baffairs come to a normal state. The
dozens and dozens Of freight wrecks
with the killing or manning Of rail.
road employees have been too small In
interest to attract general attention.
Dakota farmers' leader. (Canton, S.D.) 1890-19??, 1907-06-14
San Franciscan. Fear to Ride.

While the United Railroads, which con
troll the San Francisco trolley system,
nave succeeded in running more than
half their usual number of cars, despite
the strike OF union men. these cars are
receiving but scant patronage. through
the fear of the public to incur the hos
tiiity of the union by riding. The big
department and dry goods stores provide
omnibuses to carry their employees home.
and notices have been posted in many OF
these stores warning clerks and other en-
pioyes not to patronize the cars, on pen
atty OF dismissal.
Dakota farmers' leader. (Canton, S.D.) 1890-19??, 1907-06-14
Told In a Few Linen.

Fire at Carnegie. Okla, wiped out the
entire business section of the town, en-
failing a loss of $4,000.
Nathan Hawk, a veteran Of the Mexi-
can war and the man who in 1913 first
brought east news of the California gold
discoveries, is a hale and hearty citizen
of Folsom, Cal.
One man was fatally hurt, another
badly injured and six less seriously hurt
by the explosion of a boiler in a planning
mill at Sycamore, hio.
The ninth biennial convention Of the
General Federation of Women's Clubs
will be held in Boston during the week
beginning June %, 1908.
Irving Talley. colored, IN expert bank
note raiser, was sentenced in the Unit
ed States Court at Baltimore to twenty,
years in the federal prison at Atlanta.
Fire in New Orleans destroyed six
frame residences and damaged several
others at Pension and Chestnut streets.
A negro servant girl was burned to death.
Dakota farmers' leader. (Canton, S.D.) 1890-19??, 1907-06-14

knew that S~teunenberg was to be killed
and helped plan the murder. Under
the law of Idaho, as of most other
states, an accessory before the fact is
deemed equally guilty with the actual
murderer.
Chief Prosecutor Hawley presented
the introduction to the alleged trail OF
blood that runs through half a dozen
states and leads finally to the doorstep
of Frank Steunenberg, who was blown
to eternity, according to h prosecu-
ton, as a part of a conspiracy within
b Western Federation of Miners-a
conspiracy directed by Haywood, Meyer
and Pettibone and executed by Harry
Orchard, Steve Adams and Jack Simp,
kins.
In the remarkable statement to the
Jury by ]. H. Hawley for the State, a
number of overt acts were charged
against the inner circle" Of the West.
ern Federation of Miners. Mr.. Haw-
ley, however, stated that he was hold
ing other cases in reserve. These he
agreed to submit in writing to counse
for the defense, but he said that 1t
would be preferable for the develop
ment of his case if for the, present the
announcement were withheld from the
public.
1t is understood that the list Of muir
ders and other crimes charged against
the Western Federation numbers at
least twenty-six, but the specific cases
mentioned by counsel for the State in
his opening address were some six or
seven. These murders are not confined
to the State Of Idaho, but extend to
nearly every mining point in Colorado,
where there have been mining troubles,
and to other states
william D. Haywood, 1t is declared,
is not on trial for being an official of a
labor union. He is not on trial in any
representative character whatever. He
is on trial, simply as a citizen, for help
ing to murder another citizen.
The lawyers for both the prosecution
and the defense have publicly express
ed themselves as entirely satisfied that
the jurors chosen will render q fair
and impartial verdict. Consequently
there should be excuse for recrimina-
lions whatever the verdict may be.
Dakota farmers' leader. (Canton, S.D.) 1890-19??, 1907-06-14
Jew. to Demand Their Rights.

Indignant over the recent refusal of
the Observation-Disclosures hotel at At
lantic City to receive the nieces of SEN
ator Rayner of Maryland on the ground
that they were Hebrews, a number of
prominent and wealthy Jews Of New
York have organized the Society for the
Enforcement of Equal Rights. 1t will
endeavor to prevent discrimination of any
kind upon the part of hotel managers
against Hebrews or. any other race of peo-
pie, and an effort will be made to obtain
legislation to this end in all States which
have no such laws.
Dakota farmers' leader. (Canton, S.D.) 1890-19??, 1907-06-14
Tear. KIN disease Germs.

DR.. G. LindahI of Copenhagen tells in
the London Lancet of his discovery that
tears have the power to kill various bac-
terra which produce disease in the human
body. This bacteriacidal capacity of the
lachrymal fluid is not due to it's NOR
ganisms which it contains, known as leu
cocytes. The fluid when heated n
cooled fails to prevent the growth of bac-
terra to the same degree as when in its
normal state.
Dakota farmers' leader. (Canton, S.D.) 1890-19??, 1907-06-14
CALLED WASHINGTON TRAITOR.

Cir! Starts u Hiot IN an
Omaha High chooI.
In Omaha the other day a school girl
started a riot by describing George Wash
ington as a traitor. The girl is a pupil
at the high school. She was born in
England and still sees history through
British eyes. In the course of the his
tory class recitation the teacher unsus-
pectingly made laudatory remarks regard
ing the Father of his Country" which
We're more than this English-bred miss
could brook, and she broke forth vehe-
mently with George Washington was q
Dakota farmers' leader. (Canton, S.D.) 1890-19??, 1907-06-14
Cincinnati Post.
spys1a.. that Tell. Distance.

NJ. Gerard, an officer of the French
nav has invented an instrument called
the telimeter, which enables one to find
accurately the distance of any visible OBJ
ject whose height is known, without com
pick calculations. The principle on which
this instrument works is the combination
of two prismatic rings so adjusted as to
give a variable retroactive angle. enabling
the user by means of a graduated scale
to read off the distance of the object
looked at without stopping to go through
q mathematical calculation.
Dakota farmers' leader. (Canton, S.D.) 1890-19??, 1907-06-14
pr,c. Of whi.ky Goe. Up.

When it became known that Attorney
General Bonaparte would adhere to his
recent ruling about what constitutes real
or straight" whisky, wholesalers receiv-
ed notice that all straight whisky bottled
in bond would hereafter be retailed at an
Increase Of from 20 to 25 per cent.
Dakota farmers' leader. (Canton, S.D.) 1890-19??, 1907-06-14

base traitor. He abandoned the mother
country and raised arms against her. He
was the real Benedict Arnold of the revo-
luton" Instantly the class was in an
uprear, but the English girl held heI
ground and it was several minutes before
quiet was restored.
Dakota farmers' leader. (Canton, S.D.) 1890-19??, 1907-06-14

After the first of July no special de
livery stamp will be required to expe-
dite a letter through the postofice. Ten
cents worth of postage stamps of any
denomination will make the letter "spe-
cial." 1t is to be hoped that when the
ruling goes into effect the department
will take some pains to redeem it's inn
piled promise. As managed at present.
the payment of ten cents scarcely Sc
cures as rapid delivery as the ordinary
letter enjoys in many foreign countries
Secretary of War Taft has made pub
lie a letter from the President ordering
him to cause physical tests Of field Of
ficers Of the line to deterpline their
ability In horsemanship. The Presi-
dent says he has personally observed
some of these officers who were unable
10 ride even a few miles at an increased
gait. He suggests that the tests should
be thorough and should consist Of q
ride of not less than fifteen miles, ut
least ten miles of which should b -
The trot and gallop.
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1885-1921, 1907-08-06
DAN RENEAR
STILL WINNING

Dan Renear. of this city, who is
studying at the University of Penn
sv1vanfa. is keeping up his swimming
record in that section. He took part
in a 1oO-yard handicap race at Chest
nut Hill, near Philadelphia a few
weeks ago and gave big handicaps to
the local men but managed to win out
easily.
In speaking of this contest the Phil
adelphia. Enquirer says:
.aThe 1OO-yard handicap was one OF
the finest and best swimming events
seen for a long time. Dan Renear' OF
+be University of Pennsylvania, was
ON scratch, conceding starts up to q
seconds as the limit. At the start IL
looked as though the big fellow could
never overcome such handicaps' but ne
gradually overhauled the leaders near
- srish and finally landed the first
rrize in the fast time of one minute
one and one-fffth seconds
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1885-1921, 1907-08-06
LONG MATCH IS
AGAINST BOCkUS
Castle Will Play Warren in
Match for A. C. Wall
Trophy.

The final match in the tennis tour
nament for the A. c. Wall Challenge
Cup was played yesterday afternoon at
the Beretania courts and resulted in a
victory for A. L. Castle, who was pitted
against c. G. Cockus. The latter put
up a fast game, but could not last
out, the heat seeming to bother him.
He won the two first sets and lost the
third by a score of 90. In the fourth
set he had Castle SIS in games, and
4O-15 in points. but could not get the
one stroke which was needed, and the
Harvard man finally pulled out the set
by a score of Sc.
The last set was easy for Castle.
Bockus fell off his game and made a
poorer showing than he had in any of
the previous sets. Six-love was the
score and the match was over. There
was no wind whatever and the courts
were unusually hot, making the play
hard on both men.
This afternoon at AIS a. L. Castle
will play w. L. Warren in the chaI-
lenge match for the Wall Cup. War
rem is in good shape and should have
little difficulty in defeating his oppo-
nent. in spite of the fact that he Will
give him a handicap of half fifteen. 1t
was rumored yesterday that Castle had
stated that he would not accept the
handicap, but would play Warren on
even terms. Under those circumstances
he will have still less chance than be-
fore
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1885-1921, 1907-08-06
PLAYERS
ON LOCAL LINKS

The final match in the Moanalua
golf tournament was played on Sunday,
E. Q. White defeating First officer
Larnder of the cableship Restorer,
seven up and five to play. Larnder had
a handicap of five, which should have
put him on close terms with White,
but his play was far from being as
steady as usual. He won two holes
through the handicap, but fell an easy
victim before the match was completed
In the tournament for the McInerny
Cup, at the Country Club, the follow
ing matches were played in the second
round on Saturday afternoon: w. w.
Thayer beat F. Klebahn, five up and
four to play; Austin White beat H. G.
Middleditch, ten up and eight to play;
e O. White beat Emil Waterman,
seven up and five to play. According
to the rules which govern the tourna-
ment, the matches in the second round
need not be played till August 10, so
many golfers are hard at work getting
into their best condition before play
ing.
On next Sunday there will be a bogie
match at the Moanalua links. and it is
certain that the Colonel will play in
his regular form, so the local men may
have something to score against. The
entries may be made on the grounds
up to 1880 o'clock, when the play viii
be started.
One week from Sunday, on August