Bismarck daily tribune. [volume] (Bismarck, Dakota [N.D.]) 1881-1916, 1907-01-22

| THE FLAG in HISTORY
ORIGIN OF NATIONAL EMHLEMs OF
4 THE OLD WORLD.
joan ef Arc and the whits Hama M OF
Erance-T TricoIor of Hoaisati J.
1 st. Atgustine, the missionary. Inc
troduced Flags Into EnEland.
The first western sovereign to adopt
/ 1 flag was Clovis, king Of the Franks.
! After his conversion to Christianity in
The fifth century he took the '.chape de
4 st Martin. as his standard. This,
according to some writers, was actu-
/ ally part Of the cloak which the sanity
bishop Of Tours cut III two III order to
share 1t with a beggar at sAmiens. More
credible authorities, however, assert
that 1t was the blue flag of St Mar
tins abbey. sl
After Clovis, the Meroyingian kings
seem to have returned to the ancient
emblems. They were content to fight
under eagles, flowers, crosses or the
images Of saints until the time Of Char
lemagne, who, IL an old mosaic in the
| Church Of ST. John Lateran at Rome
lis to be believed, reintroduced the blue
flag embellished with six red roses. n
/ The color Of the French flag was
changed in 1l24, when Louis the Fat
carried the red oriflamb Of st. Denis
in his struggles against the German
emperor Henry v. This continued to
4 be the official French flag down to the
battle of Agincourt in 1415. In the
meantime the blue flag had again made
Its appearance, now decorated with the
.eurde-lis instead of the roses of
| Charlemagne. In this form it was car
! ried at Acre and Crecy and Poitiers,
until in the fifteenth century it be-
! came the banner Of France. AZ
! The first white flag in French histo-
~ was the banner Of the Virgin Mary:
borne by Joan OF Arc in her heroic
campaigns for the defense Of the dau-
| phin. A pure white flag was OCCASION
ally used by Francis I. In his struggles
| against the Emperor Charles ", but
! it did not become the permanent royal
banner until Henry w., the first Bour-
bon, assembled the throne in 1889.
| The tricolor Of the French revolution
| was compro mise The cockades Of
the revolutionists were composed OF
two colors, the red of the Paris COM
| mune and the blue Of the ancient mon
archy. In the troubled times just pre-
ceding the deposition and execution Of
Louis XVI, Lafayette. to- signify the
desire Of the people for a reconcilia-
ton with their king, added the Bour-
bon white to the cockade The uicoIor
as national emblem was adopted by
the convention in 1874. =8 8s
Long before this, however, the tri-
color had been the national flag of
Holland The Dutch were in fact the
first to use it. When the United Prov
inces gained their independence from
Spain in the sixteenth century, accord.
ing to a fayorite old story which cam
not. be authenticated, they invited Hen
ry Of Navarro to choose their colors,
and he suggested orange, blue and
! white. Whether he selected this COM
bination or not, such were the colors
Of Holland until some time in the sew
enteenth century when the orange was
7 replaced by red. When William Of
Orange became king Of England in
1893 he crossed the channel under the
red, white and blue.
| The early inhabitants Of England,
| like those of other countries, used en-
| blematic devices Of one kind or. an
other. that Of the Saxons being a white
| horse. The Introduction of flags into
England is ascribed to- the missionary
st Augustine and his followers, who
after the conversion Of King Ethelbert,
according to the Venerable Bede, en-
! tered Canterbury in procession, chant
| ing and bearing small banners
Since the fourteenth century the cross
tof st. George has been the emblem OF
4 the British nation. Before that time 1t
was worn on the armor by the cru
saders, among whom 1t came to be
known ais the Jack During the
bloody civil wars Of the fifteenth cen
fury If was practically superseded by
the roses, white and red, and in 1906
| by proclamation of James i 1t was
finally replaced by a red flag with the
jack in the upper inside corner. The
red standard Of Great Britain did not
attain its present form, however, until
after the union with Ireland In 1901.
BY parliamen tary enactment in 1901
L. ~ q 80.
into being BY the addition Of the cross
OF st. Patrick.
4 Waving aags are said to have been
first brought to Spain by the Saracens
The present Spanish colors. red and
/ yellow. came from the old shields Of
CASTLE and Aragon. ~
i The Austrian black and yellow were
the colors OF the Holy Roman Empire
They were adopted. SO the story goes,
| by Frederick BarbarOssa whose fancy