The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1907-08-29
EDUCATIONAL.
By w. Il. LARSON.

preserve it for future reference
To County Superintendents of Schools
Chap. 80, Laws of 1907 nends section
436, Statutes OF 1898 so that as amended
said section reads rs follows
THE board may purchase such books
blanks and stationery as are necessary
for keeping a record of the proceedings
of meetings and the accounts of the
treasurer and for doing the business of
the district in an orderly manner, and
such other equipment, including supple
mentary readers, dictionaries, library
catalogue cards and card cases, maps,
charts, globes, books and school appara.
tus, heating and ventilating apparatus
rs may be approved by the state superin.
tendent or by the county superintendent
for the use of schools, not exceeding 800
in value in any one year, from any
funds in the district treasury not other.
wise specifically appropriated, and such
books rs in their Judgment may be
necessary for the use of any children at
tending school in their district whose
parents and guardians may not be able
to furnish the same. All such purchases
shall be approved ut the regular meet
ing Of the board ut which all members
are present.
The board shall keep an accurate &C.
count of expenses incurred by them un-
der the provisions of this section and
present an itemized statement of such
purchases to the annual meeting
1t will undoubtedly occur oyou that
some reasonably definite statement
should be made rs to what it is presumed
may be furnished under the provisions
of this statute.
For this reason and in order that mis-
understandings may be avoided, | would
suggest the following a4 fair interpre-
ta.ion and application of the provisions
of this statute.
SUPPLEMENTARY READERS.
AT least az many copies of primer as
there are pupils in the class The same
rule will apply to supplementary first
readers, second readers and third read.
ers.
DICTIONARIES
Not less than one Academic Dictiona.
ry for every six pupils doing work in
middle and upper form. One Webster's
international dictionary in good usable
condition. The latter dictionary may
be procured under the provisions of sec
ton 500 of the school code. A suitable
place should be selected ard suitable
rest should be furnished upon winch
this large dictionary may be kept
MAPS AND GLOBES.
There must be at least one set of ont
line maps not less than eight in number
hung on spring rollers, in close, dust
proof case. These maps should not cost
to exceed Sl6. One globe s, 10 or T.
inches in diameter, with suitable case,
must be furnished The cost Of this
SiOit anu tdrt S4ipNltl liOb tNCfttl M.
BLACKBOARDS.
In country schools the black board
should be at least 4 feet wide from
top to bottom. the bottom not more than
y inches from the floor. This makes st
square feet of surface, n minimum sup
ply for the average country school.
DESKS.
All desks of the same size should be
placed in the same range or row. II
new desks are to be purchased single
desks should be selected No. . desks
will accommodate the largest pupils en-.
rolled in rural schools and No. will ac.
commodate the smallest Care should
be taken to place the desks and seats 50
that the pupils may be able to assume
comfortable and correct positions and
use them without having to lean for.
ward. The desks and seats should be 80
placed with reference to each other that
"A line dropped from the inner edge of
the desk will strike from one To two
inches inside the front edge of the seat.
or in other words, that the front edge of
the desk shall oven. reach or overlap the
front edge of the seat below. If possible
the desk should be so placed that the
light may come from the rear and to the
left of the pupils. Adjustable desks and
seats, while somewhat more expensive
than stationary desks and seats, will en-.
able the teacher to regulate the heights
TO exactly accommodate the pupils
Recitation seats should be provided in
number sufficient TO accommodate the
largest class
HEATING AND VENTILATION.
This is a matter Of vital Importance.
The school room should if possible be
kept nj uniform temperature of 20 de.
gress f and should be continually sup.
piled with warmed fresh air while the
school Is IN session. In order that this
fresh air may be supplied it is necessary
that fresh air inlet and foul air out.
let shall be constructed of capacity
sufficient to meet the needs of the room
A basement furnace properly installed
with fresh air intake and with foul
air outlet, will heat and ventlate the
room and keep the floor comfortably
warm at the same time. The fresh ali
intake provided for any furnace should
be at least IA inches in diameter. A
stove of sufficient size and shape. pro