The Washington herald. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1906-1939, 1907-04-28
Special 70 The washington Herald.

Special 70 The Washington Herald.
Galena, H., April 27.-A defense OF
President Roosevelt by Senator Beveridge
and a comparison of the attacks made on
the President with similar attacks on
Washington, Jackson. Lincoln. and Grant,
was the principal feature of the Indiana
statesman's Grafton at the Grant birth
day celebration here to-day. Mr.. Beve-
ridge picked out the recent picturesque
attack Of Col. George Harvey. in which
the editor called the President a child,
and made it text for a eulogy.
Galena was gay with flags and bunting,
and the Hamilton Club delegation and
other visitors from Chicago and neighbor-
ing towns were warmly welcomed. The
Grant exercises took place on the hill
overlooking the city. near the Grant mon
ument
An interesting, though pathetic, feature
Of the programme was the calling of the
ron OF members of Company +. Twelfth
Illinois Infantry, which went out from
Galena under Capt. \. l. Chetlain. Aprl
g. 1851 But nine members Of the~com-
pany were present to respond 10 their
names. these being greeted with applause
as they mounted the platform.
Upon the conclusion of Senator Beve-
ridges address the crowd moved 70 the
site of the new Canegie-Folt Library,
the corner stone of which was laid with
appropriate ceremonies.
Senator Beveridge said. in part:
-'Feilow-Americans AS Lincoln was the
greatest leader OF nationality in the coun-
ell chamber. so Grant was the great cap
tain Of nationality on the battlefield.
Both came from the common people. both
developed in the heart of the republic, as
was hitting for men who were 10 be
the statesman and the soldier of nation
ality. And above all things else. both
were Americans. In the Cabinet of Lin
coin only the saving of the nation was
considered-State were trying TO destroy
It; IN the field Of Grant only the Stars
and Stripes was carried-nO State flag
was permitted in battle.
The war which gave TO Lincoln and
to Grant their opportunity to serve the
nation, and in serving the nation TO
serve progress and liberty. was the
climax of the conflict between the ma
tiOnal idea as Washington under
stood it, and the state rights idea. as
Calhoun understood it. Slavery was
the occasion of the contest. but the
theory OF national unity on the ono
hand, and the theory of State rights
on the other hand. was the profound
and historic issue. The supremacy of
the nation over the States; the sOver-
eighty of the republic over its sec
tional divisions; the common destiny
OF the whole American people which
neither politicians nor interests can
use for their purposes against the su,
premacy of small divisions of the
American people which politicians and
interests can use for their purposes,
was the argument, conducted with bay
0net and shotted gun on fields of blood
in the terrible but splendid years from
1861 TO 1855. Sumter was State
rights defiant: AppOmattOx was ma
Tionality Triumphant
Old Argument on Again.
You soldiers who followed Grant when
the great national commander reviewed
your final parade down Pennsylvania ave
nue. in Washington and you disbanded TO
your homes. thought that Calhouns State
rights were dead But the old argument
is on again; and this fact comDels a new
discussion of this question. And it is fit
ting that # be on this celebration of the
birthday of Gen. Grant. the meaning Of
whose life work was the ever increasing
unity of the American people into an
ever-stronger growing nation.
i do not mean that Gen. Grant wished
State lines wiped out Nobody wishes
that. What his followers to-day demand
IS that State and nation shall occupy
natural instead Of artificial relations to
each other.
The railways are OF universal i'm
portance. Their evils are general evils;
their benefits are general benefits. They
are the most distinctly national OF all
elements of American life. Therefore.
their control must be as national as
their benefits or their evils. But If the
national government regulates them.
as 1t should and must, and if at the
same time fOrty-seven other govern
ments also interfere with them. we
shall have the nations highways,
which are purely national in their &C.
tivities. haFassed by forty -eight gov
ernments No system of communica-
tion can be perfect under such a tangle
OF conflicting laws.
THE time must come when States must
reduce their interference with national
highways passing through them. or, bet
ter still. stop Interference altogether
That time viii be delayed because of sell
fish interests; becau use of the recrudesence
OF State rights with which we are now
troubled; but chiefly because of dema-
gogues who seek position and power by
attacking these most conspicuous of pub
lie corporations. The American people are
as much In danger from the demagogues
who selfishly and ignorantly seek to in
fame their passions as they are from sell
fish interests who seek to exploit their re-
sources.
What is the natural, and therefore the
true and healthful province Of State and
nation? II is this: The State should be
supreme in all matters which affect that
portion Of the American people living
within any State, and which do not
affect the great BODY of the American
people living in other States. But the
state should not be supreme in matters
which affect not only that portion Of the
American people living within any por-
ton Of a State but also affect a great
body Of the American people living in
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