The daily morning journal and courier., 1907-11-05

despotism of Turkey can not be too strongly stated
 The chapter devoted to other races in Turkey Is interesting and illuminat- ing, showing a careful study of their i varied characteristics The Armeni- an he finds shrewd in business, but lacking in personal courage and hero ism. There are S50,000 Hebrews in Turkey, and nowhere does one find such indescribable degradation, filth and squalor as in the Jewish quarters of Constantinople" Turning from the people to the government, he asserts that the military strength of Turkey is \ in her army, not her navy, for the latter is of little value. Hardly any of her war vessels can be used, be- cause their engines, boilers and ma chinery have not been kept in repair" In one point Turkey seems to have taken an important step forward she protects her citizens against one of the great humbugs of modern commerce-patent medicine-by pro- hibiting it's importation.
 The Chicago Record-Herald says: "In two chapters is sketched that his tory of the Empires growth and de- cline which reminds one of how the King of France with forty thousand men rode up the hill and then rode down again. For in three centuries were lost and won by the followers of the Prophet Pennsylvania, Hun gary, Moldavia, the Crimea, Albania, Herzegovina, Bosnia, Greece. Falla- chia, Ragusa, and Rumelia in Europe, besides vast territories in Asia, Africa and the Mediterranean. A final chap ter brings the history of Turkey down to the last thirty years, including the war with Russia and what the author names the "farcical doings of the European concert
 The customs and activities, the monuments, streets, mosques and bal zars and such subjects as throw light on the moving pictures of the Turkey of to-day, however, are the authors main concern"
 Concerning matrimony and domes- tic life in Turk-land MT, Monroe says: "Polygamy is much less common in Turkey than is generally supposed; the Koran permits man to have four wives and to be the owner of as many female slaves-all of whom stand in a wifely relation to their owner-as he can afford to maintain and buy, But polygany is an expen- sive institutions; wives must have sep arate apartments and their own ser- wants; and an expense incurred for
 one wife must be incurred for all the
 wives, for all Mohammedan wives must be treated on basis of equality.
 Only when the first wife is childless is 1t customary for the Turk to incur the
 running expense of three households I-for he has his own establishment apart from his wife or wives-by talk ing a second wife, and only when his primal desire for Offspring is strong will a Turk add this extra expense and risk his own domestic peace, The
 mother, rather than the, wife, holds
 the highest place in the esteem of the
 Turk; she is respected, obeyed, and
 revered and she--in case of the
 reigning family-and not a wife-en-
 joys the title of Valedeh Sultan. A
 Turk will tell you that his wives may die, but he can replace them; that
 his children may pass away. but oth- I CTS may be born to him; but he asks
 who shall restore to him his cherish
 ed mother when death has claimed Iher? Turkish women possess 1argei legal and proprietary rights than theil
 Christian sisters. They share witt
 their brothers their fathers estate
 they retain entire control of the prop
 erty that comes to them at the time of their marriage, or that they may
 afterward inherit; and they may dis pose of the same as they choose. Turkish woman may sue or be suet Independently of her husband and sh, may even sue or be sued by hims Sh, ,, may plead her own cause before tn law courts; and as matter of fact
 often does In the matter of divorc
 the husband has the vantage ground
 but even here the women are safe
 guarded by religious and social pre- negatives, which makes 1t less easy t |. separate from vixen human in Tur
 key than in the United States. Tn Turks have proverb, "Either parr q or bury your daughter before she
 sixteen" which is suggestive of tn X low social and mental status of wom < en in the Ottoman Empire. The < marry and are often mothers befor v they are fifteen; and premature mari 4 tai obligation not lonly arrests thei < physical development, but abbreviate
 the period which should be devoted f mental and moral training. Tn s Christian schools in Turkey hay 7, changed matters a bit, but the Turk
 Ithemselves--bot men and women f have no adequate conception of tn o visciousness of their system; and the # sometimes oppose the Christia " schools on the ground that they UT
 duly emphasize the virtues of eel s bacy. MT. Dwight has less chari s able explanation for Turkish oppos i. tion to girls schools. He says: "Tl < man of the east knows that if u z woman is allowed to read and
 think, facilities for gratifying his ow ' tastes will be greatly diminished. $ he obstruets efforts to open her min ;, pointing out that any large view a education will teach her to sew il
 stead"
 i. The book has large number + excellent illustrations.
 SUSAN CLEGG AND A MAN IN I'll 10 HOUSE." by Anne Warner author l. Susan Clegg and Her Neighber's A d fairs" etc. Illustrated by Alice Barb : Stephens: published by Little, Brown U O., Boston, sl.50.
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