The Hawaiian gazette. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1865-1918, 1907-02-08

slbie condition. 70 this end they
should be gathered and packed shortly
before the mail leaves for Honolulu.
few hours extra time In transit
sometimes makes n great difference In
the state OF the shipment on arrival.
This matter il therefore nm important
one. and fortunately. In most cases. n
little thought will make Il no more
dificult TO comply with this condition
than to neglect II.
II II can be done II is best to send
the material In its natural state, that
is not preserved In any fluid. In the
case OF the softest and most perish
able matter that cannot be sent except
In fluid the best way is to place the
specimens in a preventative mixture
made by adding two parts OF strong
formaldehyde to one hundred parts OF
water, or one part of strong wood al
cohol to two parts of water. After
placing the specimens in a bottle the
bottle should be filled full of the pre-
serving fluid 30 that there shall be no
bubbles after the cork is inserted. II
Is best, unless the corking is uncom-
monty well done, to seal the cork over
with wax or parafln.
In sending matter OF this class be
careful to send all the stages that can
be mustered, from the very earliest
stages to the very latest. 1t is not nee
essary to send a large amount of ma
terial but every stage possible should
be included.
| Blighted leaves and twigs may be
placed loosely in tin. The tin should
be a close one unless the material will
be several days in transit, in which
case 1t may be advisable to puncture
the tin with few small holes.
As a rule roots should be sent with
the soil attached.
1t Is not best. as a rule, to send
specimens in an ordinary envelope, but
1t is better to send them thus than
not at all. Some specimens such as
dried leaves and bark may be sent in
this way IL wrapped in several folds
OF soft cloth.
In case any special method is neces-
sary the empty package and the nee
essary preservatives will be forwarded
free by post after the receipt of speci-
mems in the ordinary way proves in
effective.
Bottles containing fluid should be en-
closed in boxes in packing material so
as to preclude all possibility or break
age.
Specimens Of leaves or twigs sent in
their natural condition should not be
gathered when wet, or If gathered wet
should be allowed to dry until they re-
sumo their dry-weather appearance. II
enclosed in a package wet they are
likely to become mouldly before arrival
and this is very undesirable. Roots
should be moistened a little-just
enough to preserve them in their nor
NAL condition until they arrive in Ho-
nolulu.
1t is very desirable that notes should
accompany the specimens, giving the
condition OF the plant or crop, the va
riety, its age, length of infestation,
soil, nature Of the present season,
kind Of culture, estimated monetary
loss, etc.
The speaker then went on to describe
various diseases he had observed on
Hawaiian crops and the remedial
measures that may be adopted to les
sen or prevent the losses. The follow
Ing diseases were touched upon; the
gall-worm disease of the roots of va
rious plants diseases or rice, pine
apple, banana, alligator pear, algaroba
bean, vanilla, cassava, cacao, mango,
orange, prairie grass, sorghum, rub
Der, pear, peach, mulberry, fig and va
TlOuS important discusses OF IlmDer.
The lecture was illustrated by lantern
slides prepared from diseased crops of
Hawaii.
Following this, Mr. Blackman read
an interesting and instructive paper on
THE Camphor Industry" pointing out
the possibilities for its culture and de-
velopment here, as the islands are so
centrally situated. He told of the cul-
tivation Of the camphor tree in other
sections Of the world, how the product
is secured and made ready for ship
ment and the average profits. In three
or. four years, he said, man with a
small area Of land would have an in
come of thousand dollars year from |
the trees, the net income from an acre |
varying from one hundred and fifty to |
three hundred dollars.
This ended the session, which was an
interesting one throughout.
a