davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Los Angeles herald., 1907-09-15
MOB HILL RANCH AT PALMS
is BEAUTIFUL SUBDIVISION
Is InterIaced with Inviting Drives and
Affords an Unparalleled View
of Mountains and SUM-
down Sea

High class subdivision is the line
along which real estate operators are
working this season, especially the
kind which offers beautiful country
home sites. Among the number now
being prepared is Mob Hill ranch, near
Palms, owned by A. B. Chittenden and
r. B. Sumner of the Union Trust build
ing. The tract contains thirty acres
and lies ESQ feet high, affording mag
nificent view of mountains. valley and
sea. Its rolling surface is adorned
with lemon, olive and eucalyptus
groves and is interlaced with inviting
drives, picture of one being presented
on this page. There is an efficient
water plant of three wells with an
abundant flow, large Ateel windmill.
tank, gasoline engine, concrete reser-
voir and an extensive system of pipe
lines, all of which will be enlarged and
extended as the plans are matured in
actual development.
Los Angeles herald., 1907-09-15
MANY SALES ARE REPORTED
IN WILTSHIRE HARVARD TRACT
Extension of West Ninth Street Car
Line Now Assured

e. A. Forester 6 Sons, inc, report the
following sales in the Wilshire-Harvaro
Heights tract, located south of Wiltshire
boulevard and west of Normandie: To 4.
G. Maiso, lot 241 being the northwest
corner of Ninth and King streets, so by
135 feet; $3.50. To j. Frank Walters, all
Of lot and north ten feet of lot 5, being
so feet front on the west side of Harvard,
adjoining Mr.. Walters residence, now in
course of construction on the southwest
corner of Wiltshire and Harvard boule-
Yards; $225O. To w. c. Meredith, lot 299,
west front. 80 by 1854, on Irolo, 1u0 fest
south of Eighth street; $780, To Philip
Gilbert, lot 354, an east front, so by 1S5, on
King street, midway between Eighth and
Ninth streets; $780, To H. ]. Butter
worth. north 25 feet of lot 256 ard south
rs feet of lot 355, an east front, on Jas
mine, so by 155, 75 feet south of Eighth
street; 1885, From Bertha Alsop to Louis
Tappeiner lot 206 of the Wiltshire Harvard
Heights tract being an east front, on
Bungalow row, 100 feet south of Eighth
street, so by 1856; $3.50.
Subscriptions toward the extension of
the West Ninth street car line via Ninth,
Vermont avenue and West Eighth street
to the city limits are now being received,
and nearly two-thirds of the necessary
amount has been raised. This extension
will give car service to the territory be-
tween Hoover and Vermont, Wiltshire and
San Marino, and to all that embraced be-
tween wiltshire and San Marino west of
Vermont.
Los Angeles herald., 1907-09-15
ANOTHER ASSOCIATION
APPEARS IN SOUTHWEST
Improvement All Along the Line Is the
object to Which 1t Has De-
cIared Itself De-
voted

The New Southwest Improvement asso-
citation was organized last week at
meeting of property owners in Buck s
hall, at the corner of Forty-seventh street
and Vermont avenue. 1t drew its inspira-
tion chiefly from the University Improves
ment association, and will unite with that
active body in patriotic effort to save
Agricultural park for the city.
John G. Stewart was elected president
&C. A. Elder, l.. L. Bowen and w. e.
Lyon, vice presidents; w. L.. Myer, secre-
tary, and NJ. A. Day, treasurer.
A strong impetus was given the enthu-
siasm of the members by speeches which
We're delivered by a number of gentlemen
from similar organizations in the southern
section of the city.
The association has declared itself to be
devoted to the Improvement of two things
for the present The first concerns the
streets, the planting of more shade trees,
the increase of the number of street
lights. the extension of sidewalks and re-
lief from a confusing street naming sys-
tenn The second object is the. central de-
sire of the civic heart of the southwest:
the requirement of Agricultural park for
public grounds.
Los Angeles herald., 1907-09-15
BELLE VERNON ACRES
ARE IN GOOD DEMAND
Saw and Hammer Are Busy on Many
Cozy Homes, and Gardens
Are Much in Evil
dence

Emil Firth reports an extraordinary de-
mand for Belle Vernon Acres. The tract
has been sIbdivided into one acre and one-
half acre lots. full measure. the streets
are graded and free water is supplied Tor
Irrigation and domestic use through large
steel MAINS The soil Is a sandy loan,
well adapted for gardening. Two large
artesian wells with a capacity OF 200
miners inches supply the tract with more
water under artesan pressure than the
people can use. Although the property
has been on the market only short time
2S4 lots have been sold to 157 purchasers.
A large number of these have already
moved on the tract and are busy cultivaf-
ing and planting their gardens, and others
are building cozy homes. The whirr OF the
saw and the song of the hammer are
heard everywhere. The one-half acre lots
sell from $s25 and the acres from $3.50 up
ward on easy monthly payments the
tract is situated on the Long Beach itne
and the Santa Ana Electric line. within
eighteen minutes ride from downtown.
The Southern Pacific railroad posses the.
tract and has station on the property.
and the Long Beach boulevard inter
sects 1t.
Los Angeles herald., 1907-09-15
LARGE TRANSACTIONS
ARE ORDER OF WEEK
GOOD BUSINESS COMING ALONG
FOR FALL
Beautiful, Commodious Home Is Pur-
chased In Country Club Tract by
George A. Otis, Owner of
Pomona Rancho

The last week was notable for several
large realty transactions. The Main
Street Realty company sold for Charles
l.. Washburn to DR.. w. l.. Wade the
property at III South Alvarado street
for a reported consideration of $17.500.
The lot is 5Ox15O feet and is improved
with seventeen-room hotel building.
Another important dean was the trans
fer to George A. Otis. owner of the
Pomona ranchos Of the southwest corner
at the intersection of the Country Club
boulevard and Terrace avenue for $4,000.
The property, which is 120x130 feet, car
ries a beautiful eleven-room residence.
Mr.. Otis will make it his future home.
The third sale was of the Hotel Savoy
at Ocean Park by George c. Peckham
& Co. to an eastern investor. The price
is stated to have been $60,00C The same
firm sold twenty-acre orange ranch,
carrying a fve-room bungalow, at Ar
cadia to Los Angeles man for $4,000.
Los Angeles herald., 1907-09-15
owner; H. A. Pieper Bros, builders; two-story
me b,sttdtnp.- <4bn0


owner; H A. Pieper Bros, builders; two-story
frame building; $4500.
Thirtieth street. 709-Same; s50o.
Yhirtieth street. 704. same; S4500.
Hobart, 1901. M. Hollingsworth, owner;
p, Muck, builder; two-story frame building
$3.50.
San Pedro 1908 south-D. A. Wagner. owner
]. w. Teal, builder: two-story frame building
s25O0.
Thirty-first street, 21f0 west-winona Build
ing Co., owner and builder; one-story frame
building: $4,000.
Berendo street, 141S-T. H. Cullen. owner and
builder; two-story frame building; $1,000
Bonnie Brae, 911-N.S H. 8. West, owner; o.
]. Hunt. builder; one-story frame building;
s1s75.
Wright. builder; one-story frame building;
S20O0
Forty-seventh street, 245 East-M. H. How
ell, owner and builder; one-story six-rootl
residence; $4,000.
Eastlake avenue, 2e2 North-smith & HILL
owners and builders; one-story and half
six-room residence; $500.
Budlong street, 2614-Miss Mary McManus
owner; Los Angeles Investment Co.. buildersi
one-story eight-room residence $4,000.
( Alameda street. 660-666-The Union Ice Co..
owners; F. o.. Engstrum Co., builders; one
room storage building; s2S.000.
Harvard boulevard. 2641-F NJ Prescott,
owner #. s. Williamson, builder; one-story
sx-room residence; $2250
Cooley street, 950-E. S. Williamson Co..
owners and builders one-story six-room resi-
dence: $1,000
Dexter street. 524-George Love, owner and
builder; one-story six-room residence; $1,000.
Los Angeles herald., 1907-09-15
+ I II s.S4.*st.
iHoLMEs-WALToN COMPANY
MAKES Big BUNCH OF SALES
Desirable Corner In Wiltshire Boule-
ward District Is Sold

Holiness Walton company, report the
| sale to ]. Frank Walters of the south
| east corner of Western avenue and Sec
ond street. In the Wiltshire boulevard dis
trict, 72 23..143A feet. Consideration $225O.
Thi sis one of the most desirable build
ing sites in the Wiltshire boulevard dis
trict having an elevation of about hfty
feet higher than the corner OF western
avenue and Wiltshire boulevard. You OBJ
tain a view from this lot overlooking
the entire district.
The same agency also reports the rol-
lowing sales in their Westminster Ter
race tract, which is located at western
avenue and Third street in the Wiltshire
boulevard district:
A lot 50x145X on the west side of Ca
huenga boulevard, 100 feet south of Sec
ond street, to ]. A. Rowland Consid-
Grafton s1250
A lot on the west side of Oxford boule-
ward, between Second and Third streets,
5Ox143, to E. H. and Maize P. Koch. Con-
sderation $500.
A lot 50x145% on the west side of Ca
huenga boulevard between Second and
Third streets, to F. F. and Tressie Do
nath. Consideration s125o.
A lot on the west side Of Cahuenga
boulevard, between Second and Third
streets, 5Ox145%, to Samuel G. Blackburn.
Consideration $lz0u.
Two lots on the east side of Oxford
boulevard, between Second and Third
streets, to w. T. and v. S. Anderson.
Consideration $25O0
A lot on the west side of Gramercy
place, between Second and Third streets,
to E. j. Callahan Consideration 5000.
A lot on the east side of Oxford boule-
ward, adjoining the corner of Second
street. 50x143. to W. L. Munday. Con-
sideration s1250.
A lot on the west side of Cahuenga
boulevard, between Second and Third
streets, 50x145N, to Grace Soule. Con-
sideration $3.50.
A lot on the west side of Oxford boule-
ward, near Second street. 50x143. to Rachel
E. Joos. Consideration $105O.
A lot on the west side of Cahuenga
boulevard between Second and Third
streets, 5Ox145S. to A. r. Bishop. Con-
sideration s1250.
A lot on the west sile of Cahuenga
boulevard, between Second and Third
streets, 5Ox145A, to Flora M. Vosler. Con-
sideration $3.50.
A lot on the west side of Manhattan
place, between First and Second streets,
5Ox1321s. to F. w. Sawyer. Consideration
$1100.
The northwest corner of Manhattan
place and Second street, 5S%x1321a, to l..
c. Whaley. Consideration $1,000.
A lot on the west side of Oxford boule-
vard between Second and Third streets.
5Ox142. to George e. Fairhead. Consid-
Grafton $500.
Los Angeles herald., 1907-09-15
SAN FERNANDO BUILDING
PREPARES Fer TENANTS
Several New Great office Structures,
Building and Promised, Keep Main
Street in Front as Prominent
Thoroughfare

The San Fernando building. erected at
the corner of Fourth and Main streets
by Col j. B. Lankershim, is nearly ready
for occupancy Many reservations nave
been made and firm names are appearing
on the windows. October will see the
stores and offices of the six floors tilied.
The San Fernando is one OF the nnes.
structures in Los Angeles 1t Is a steel
concrete building, well lighted and thor
oughly ventilated. and will command the
lowest rate of fire insurance of any
building in the city. The caves OF the
roof will have q modern sprinkling sys-
tenn to protect the light wells from fire.
The interior is constructed of metal-cov-
cred wood with brass finish throughout.
With this fine structure already COM
pleted and two others going up at Sixth
street, and two more assured on Fifth.
Main street is holding its own as a
great thoroughfare
Los Angeles herald., 1907-09-15
BIxEL STREET SUBDIVISION
STARTS OFF WITH GOOD SALE
Is Being Laid Out sor Especial purpose
of Apartment Houses

Mrs. ]. H. Magner has just purchased
through the agency of r. A. Rowan &
Co. a lot on the west side of Bixel street,
between Seventh and Eighth streets. The
property has frontage of so feet with
depth of 100 feet. Price $1,000 cash.
This is one of the first sales in r. A.
Rowan & Co.'s new subdivision.
The paving of the street will now be
pushed to completion as rapidly as possi-
BILE. This work has been delayed on ac-
count of. the map not going on record on
account of some technicality of the state
law. which has now been overcome
This tract was selected and is being
laid out for the special purpose of apart
ment houses, and is ideally located for
that purpose.
Los Angeles herald., 1907-09-15
Principal Building Permits

Among the building permits issued are
the following:
Lucas avenue, 415-419--W L.. Stanton, owner
and builder; two-story ten-room residence
$4,000.
Brooklyn avenue, 2o23-F E. Elliott. owner;
J. Mushruch. builder: one and a half story
six-room residence; $3.50.
Fiftieth street, 915 East-Sadie NJ Cox own
err; Terry Flack builders; two-story eight
room residence; $4,000.
Hoover street, 1s22-24 South-Ira J. Sweat.
owner and builderi two-story twelve-room resi-
dence $4,000.
Malcolmson street. 1SO-Mary E. Ruaff, own
er; j. Smith. builder; one-story six-room resi-
dence $1,000.
Westchester place. 1100-16-A F. Rosenheinn.
owner and builder two-story garage; s200o
Collough. owner; F. M. Tyler. builder: two
story eleven-Toom residence: sS000
Main street. 1000 East-Los Angeles Brew
ing company. owner: H Hogerman. builder;
one-story one-room barn; $4,000.
Florida street. 1O19--J. C. Gertan. owner; H.
L. Hogerman. builder; three-story twenty
four-room apartment; $4,000.
Marmion way, 3015-J, P. Widney, owner: e.
Anderson, builder; one-story four-room resi-
dence; $500.
Figueroa street. 5735-S7 South-E H. Kellnr,
owner; M. e. Bovine builder; two-story ten
room residence $4,000.
Flower street. 222 South--E. Stoll, owner; Fl.
Thomas, builder; three-story flfty-room apart
ment house, s17.SSl.
u S, Walters, builder two-story nIne-room
residence; 0aS50.
Seventy seventh street. SIS Easr-Mrs M. w.
Sabichi, owner; Kinmerle Machinery Co.,
builders; one-story four-room residence s2O00
Thrtleth street. 700 Vests H. Solomon,
Los Angeles herald., 1907-09-15
HOW REAL ESTATE MOVES IN
FAR AWAY BuENos AYREs

Consul General A. 9. Snyder of Bueros
Ayres reports that according to a pub
lished statement the sales of real estate
during April 1907. in Buenos Ayres con-
sisted of 1888 transactions valued at $lS,-
102 $3.50. The returns for the first four
months of the year aggregated $41, SIS. 1868,
in comparison with 200 the same
perior last year.
Los Angeles herald., 1907-09-15
SOUTH PARK AVENUE
GETS NEW WATER PLANT

Lee & Livingstone have installed new
engine and pump for the Greater Los An
eeles Water company at Sixty-fourth and
South Park avenue which will pump five
times the former pumping capacity for
this company.
Los Angeles herald., 1907-09-15
BixHY PARK RESIDENCE
HAS GOLD KNOBS AND HINGES

One of the striking features of the fine
home which A. d. Myers. the Goldfield
millionaire is having built on the bluff
near Bixby park. Long Beach. will be
the knobs, latches and hinges of the
doors throughout the house. All will be
heavily plated with gold. Only one other
house in Southern California is said to
have at the present time gold knobs and
hinges.
Los Angeles herald., 1907-09-15
COSTLY APARTMENT HOUSE
WILL GO UP ON SOUTH MAIN

A permit was taken out Saturday by
Caroline M Hicks for the erection of a
three-story apartment house at HOO South
Main street. The estimated cost of the
building is 100000.
Los Angeles herald., 1907-09-15

Bald-headed Man (who inclines to be
facetious)-Tm getting to be pretty
bald. Suppose you'll have to cut my
hair for half price hereafter, ehI
Tonsorial Artist (who is equal TO the
energency)- no, sir; we always
charge double when we have 20 hunt
for the Tit-Bits.
Los Angeles herald., 1907-09-15
BACK 10 the Barn

The conductor-corne out OF it. mister; you
got to change here. This car goes to the
barn. -. ,-, ~.
tight ahead. sonny! 1 amt fed q hog. er
mixed a COW in over a week. n'gosh- III
help We do the chores this evenin' PUCK.
Los Angeles herald., 1907-09-15
NlNETY-FouR PERMITS
ISSUED AT SANTA MONICA

The report of Santa Monica's building
inspector shows that ninety-four permits
were issued during the past three months.
Their aggregate value was sl5O,OsO.
Los Angeles herald., 1907-09-15
Report by Wards
Following are the improvements by

Compared with the corresponding period
of 1906 which contained two more days
than this years, 1907 shows an increase OF
"a permits and an Increase of valuation
to the extent of $23,596. a very creditable
difference for a supposedly quiet season.
Los Angeles herald., 1907-09-15
Los ANGELES SYNDICATE
BUYS EXTENSIVE ACREAGE

REDWOOD CITY. Sept 14-Dingee
tract of 5000 acres. situated near Red
wood City. Cal. has been sold to a syn
dicate of Los Angeles men for s750.O00
Los Angeles herald., 1907-09-15
BUILDING PERMITS
TAKE LONG JUMP
1906 RECORD PROVES TO HAVE
BEEN TOO SLOW
Costly Warehouse Structure and Large
Apartment House Appear In Last
Weeks Rebort of Building
inspectors office

In spite of the fact that two short
weeks make up the following report OF
chief Building Inspector Backus, the
month of September promises to show
splendid record by passing the 1.oOo,OOO
mark again.
Los Angeles herald., 1907-09-15

They claim that schmltz was the first vio-
l.nist to boss city"
''Well?"
~But there was Nero,"-Louisville Courier
Los Angeles herald., 1907-09-15

TverxthinR you want you win md in thu
classified page One cent word
Los Angeles herald., 1907-09-15

n you want 70 go east, c; H9gdosess.
Aren't Illinois Central r. r. lis w. sth-
Los Angeles herald., 1907-09-15
Classified Building Figures

Below Is the tabulated statement OF
improvements in Los Angeles from Sep
tember to September 13. inclusive:
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1907-08-22
lrOntOn, Mo.
Thursday, August e., 1907.

utie, estate and interest OF the plaintiff and
~delendants respectively, in and to the real
estate described in the plaintiffs petition as
follows, to wit:
Inc northwest quarter, and the north one
nan OF the southwest quarter, and the south
east quarter OF the southwest quarter. and
the southwest quartero OF the southeast quart.
ero1 section 30, in township "a, north, OF
range 2 west. ~ "a
That unless said defendants be and appear
az the next regular term OF said Court. to be
begun n holden at the court house in The
Cl!ty OF lronton, County of Iron, and state OF
missouri, on the fourth Monday in October
nsXt, 1907, and on the first day of said term
o. Court, answer or plead to plaintiffs pc
tltlon, the same will be taken as confessed.
ana Judgment shall be rendered accordingly,
ana II is further ordered that a COPY here
OF be published in the IRON COUNTY REG
IsTER, a weekly newspaper printed and pub
llshed In ~lronton, Iron county, Missouri, Tor
our weeks successfully, published once a
week, the last insertion to be at least thirty
gays before the first day OF the next regular
term OF this Court.
JESSE NJ. HAWKINS, Clerk.
a true copy from the record:
Attest with seal this Goth day OF
lsEALl July, 1907.
JESSE NJ. HAWKINS, Clerk
circuit Court Iron County, Mo.
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1907-08-22
ORDER OF PUBLICATION.

In the Circuit Court OF Iron County, Missouri,
IN vacation, August I, 1907.
Inc State OF Missouri, at the relation and to
the use OF j. N. Lewis, Collector OF the Rev
euue OF Iron County, Missouri,
against
Wlillafl H. valentine, Abraham r, Van Bus
KlFk, anna X. l.. kinney and the heirs and
ueVlSeeS OF William II. Valentine and Abra-
ham K. Van Buskirk, deceased.
lActlon to Enforce Lien for 1aXes.)
NOW at this day comes the plaintiff, J. N.
Lewis, Collector OF the Revenue OF iron Couu-
~, Missouri, and files his petition and atida-
VT, setting forth among other things that the
deiendants are William II. Valentine, Abra-
ham r. Van Buskirk, Anna r, |. Kinney and
the heirs and devisees OF William r., Valeu-
tine and Abraham X. Van Buskirk, deceased:
mat plaintiff does not know whether said
Wllilam valentine and Abraham X. Van
buSkirk
are living or dead; ii dead. their heirs or IL
they dled leaving a will, their devisees are in
terested in the subject matter of said petit
tloh; but that the names OF said heirs or
deVlSecs, or both, or their interest in the sub
Ject matter OF said petition cannot be insert
ed herein, because their names and interests
are unknown to plaintiff; that all OF said de
~iendantS are nOn-resIdents OF the State OF
MISSOURI, and cannO be mmoned in this
action by the ordinary process OF law in this
State; II is, therefore, ordered by the Clerk
on the circuit Court OF Iron County, Missouri,
IN vacation, that publication be made noti-
Tying SAID Defendan that an action has been
commenced against them in the Circuit Court
OF sald county, the object and general nature
oI when is 10 enforce the lien OF the State OF
Missouri, on the following real estate, be
longing TO said defendants for back taxes for
the year 1905, to wit:
The west hall OF section twenty-five, town
snip thlrty-four, north, OF range two west. i'm
IRON County, Missouri.
tan ltemlZed statement in the nature OF n
TAX Dill showing the amount OF taxes now
que on SAID real estate for the years afore-
said, amounting in the aggregate to the sum
OF ST. 10, is filed with said .%Detition as nrnvid-
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1907-08-22
Ch, Horrors!
money

Man is a mass of meandering mi.
crobes and a magnificent bundle of
blazing blunders Baltimore Ameri.
can.
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1907-08-22
Volume Kill. |
No.. 70. {
SUPPLEMENT TO iron COUNTY REGISTER.

Purchased Fidelity.
Fidelity purchased with money
money can destroy.-Seneca,
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1907-08-22

time before active work would
-hegin.=FdrminQton Times.
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1907-08-22

business very slow until the mid-
dlo of lima In fact Mr. Johnson
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1907-08-22

NEW Z Sunday
w. P. Wemp left
Gov AlavonIrio Lon
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1907-08-22

pauly uaTuageu % FUiio' ufUuuir' -y0U'l
the late rains will help the corn
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1907-08-22

May souls be his hire without number,
And Satan's bold front surely yield.
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1907-08-22

IuB WdI6IM0IUH Is I6PUIg6U do
scarce and hard to get.
Iron County register. [volume] (Ironton, Iron County, Mo.) 1867-1965, 1907-08-22

Again the rumor is revived that
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1907-04-18
FRANCE STRIKES At
our COFFEE INDUSTRY
Desire to Force Action on Reel
procity Treaty Believed
to Be Real Cause.

WASHINGTON. April 1.-THE rea-
son for the issue in Paris Yesterday Of
the decree imposing the maximum du-
ties on coffee imported from the Uni
ted States and Porto Rico, is said at
the State depart ment 20 be dissatisfac-
ton of the French government nj the
failure of the United States Senate TO
act upon the French reciprocity treaty,
which has been pending before that
body for several years. Added 10 this,
IS suspicion upon the part Of the
French government that the negotia
tIons now in progress between the Uni
ted states and Germany, relative to
the taph upon American goods imported
INTO Germany. conceal some advantages
10 he bestowed upon German trade with
the United States. in which French
trade is not TO share
This decree is regarded as the begin.
ming of a systematic effort 10 bring
such pressure to bear upon the Ameri
can Congress, through the imposition
OF restrictions upon tho American ex
port trade as will force the whole sub
Ject of reciprocity upon its attention
at the beginning of the next session
The State department officials fear that
this action is but the precursor of simi-
lar attacks upon American trade by
other nations Of Europe. II is feared
that the effect of the French decree
Will be disastrous to Porto Rico, which
at present finds its only market for its
coffee IN France. now that the Spanish
market rs closed by excessive duties.