The Green Forest tribune., 1907-01-04

Ing the federal quarantine from cattle
 snlpment in 7O754 square miles of nine uu southern states, driving broad wedge of
 uck-free territory through the tick lines to the Gulf of Mexico-the fight against the de- structive parasite must count 1917 as its greatest year so far
 DecemDer l. when 65520 square miles-the largest amount of territory ever freed at one time Will be added to the liberated areas will be the greatest day in the campaign since it was started actively in 1906 and it will be celebrated as such in the states and counties in which it will signalize undenably long strides toward real lzauon or the South's merited position as a cat ue-raising country
 The governor of Mississippi whose people have made their state the first touching the Gulf to be entirely rid of the cattle ticks has designated De- cember l as day of rejoicing in the common wealth. A celebration at Jackson, the capital and others at county seats have been arranged. AL these ceremonials congratulations on the achievement will be received from the United States department of agriculture and from gov ernors of oti}er states. Celebrations of the same character ard to be held in the various counties free from quarantine. in eight other states-AIa- bama,- Arkansas, Florida, Georgia Louisiana, North Carolina, Oklahoma and Texas } Faltering, slow, and uncertain at first the ad- vance against the cattle tick in il years has gained such impetus that 1t now literally is sweeping forward There is now doubt of final and there are great hopes that the goal of "a tickfree South in 1921" which also will mean American territory entirely freed from the para site, will be realized.
 Ticks Long Have infested Cattle in South
 NCattle in the. Southeastern Atlantic and Gulf sttes have heen infested with the tick since cat tie frSt introduced into those fegions. It is thought probable the ticks were introduced into the country by cattle from Spanish herds The history of the tick in the South is largely his tory of the agricultural life of that section. In are intertwined the great events of a century fhnf how Jod +l,a oe4:ox of the South from wilderness into wide and prosperous agricultural domain.
 Ticks carry fatal disease between cattle. Calves survive the effect of it. but very few older cattle live long when attacked for the first tme But for the fact that the calf that lives after the attack becomes partially immune, there would be cattle in the tick-infested portion of the South Southern cattle always have caused disease among Northern cattle whenever they carrying ticks, have left their home territory and been driven into through adjoining territory. A notorious example of such driving occurred after the Civil war when Texas and Indian Ter ritory cattle were driven into Colorado and Kan sas, leaving death in their trails for the native cattle. This caused the "cowboy wars," in which it was sought to turn the cattle back by force of arms aud also caused the enactment of stringent state laws.
 During these years of settlement the cattle tick had extended northward until its distribution was about concident with that of cotton. From this vantage ground 1t scattered by driveway and by'rail into Northern markets and caused annual outbreaks of Texas fever, the disease was then called throughout the North Legislation in vari- states sought to check the disease at that time, but owing to ignorance of the manner of it's spread, was powerless.
 Quarantined Territory First Defined in 1889.
 Finally, with the fotmation of the bureau of animal Industry of the United States department of agriculture in 1884, the federal authorities un- der authority of congress, began the fight against the e/tick. The bureau first sent out agents to define the line between infected and noninfected territory, and in the annual reports of 1884 and 1855 several maps published showing it's location. The first order defining and mapping the quarantined infected territory was published in 1S89 The driving transporting of cattle from the infected to the free territory was forbid den,. except for short season in winter and ex- cept for immediate slaughter when transported by rail or boat and discharged into quarantine pens at certain recognized slaughtering centers This constituted a quarantine which has existed with timely notifications snce
 The beginning of tick eradication is traced to meeting of the commissioners of agriculture of the cotton-growing states held in Raleigh, N C.. in 1899 when the North Carolina commissioner directed that the states aim to, improve the cat tie industry by tick eradication be presented From this beginning until 19O6 12 counties in North Carolina had been released from quaran- tine. The association of the commissioners of agriculture and various allied organizations in- fuenced by the eradication work of North Caro- lima and the results obtained by federal, state and other investigators, together with the growing necessity of ameliorating the effects of the bo- >~~-~~~~~-~~~~-~~~ ~
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