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Greene County herald. (Leakesville, Miss.) 1898-current, 1907-01-04

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The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, 1907-09-01
SAN DDANDQO UNION SoEDD u1p0 II. .LANGDQN
.PPINeEPAL IN EXTRE11E UEE@ MARKBD wEHA oR0SS

Think of the strenuous life that Mr..
Langdon led even in those daysI First
he had that big school TO attend to.
with its 400 pupils. nine grades. corps
Of teachers. etc.
Then, at the close OF the school day,
he would retire to his room and take
up his law books; then he would take
an evening train for San Francisco and
teach his class in night school; then
take a late night train hack to San
Leandro.
And I was told that Mr. Langdon was
such q persistent burner of the mid
night oil that ofttimes he became so
drowsy over his books that be was
forced for the time being to close them,
steal downstairs. out. the front door and
walk around the block In order to
banish the sleep god ard arouse his
tagging energies.
Then back again to those law books
for another hour or two,
mr. L.angdon's school year in San
Leandro was ono OF o months. and he
received salary Of $1,000 a year.
Mr.. Langdon was succeeded as prin-
cipaI of the school by Harry Linscott,
who held the position until 1906. Now.
Hazen Eastman is principal. Mr.. East
man is new in the institution and there
fore is not personally acquainted with
Mr. Langdon's administration.
But he introduced me 70 ons Of the
The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, 1907-09-01

teachers who was in the school as an
instructor even before Mr.. Langdon's
day and served under him all through
his many terms.
Say all the good things and all the
noblo things you can about Mr.. Lang
don," said this lady to me, ~and then
you will not, have said It ALL
Then the lady went on and told me
many "reminiscences OF San Francisco's
district attorney and graft fighter.
He was thorough organizer and dis
ciplinarian, yet he made friends with
pupils. teachers and parents alike.
II remember said this lady. when
Mr.. Langdon came. to take charge OF
the school. We teachers stood in
group waiting for him to appear in
the school grounds. He was in COM
pany. and. we could not make out Just
which gentleman was the nav princl-
pal; there wac great tall fellow in
the foreground. and he looked so fresh
and sort of gawky that we thought he
must be new pupil from 'Wayback.'
But somebody said that II was
really sMr. Langdon. and then we held
up our hands in wonderment-he was so
tall, SO honaelyS and sort OF homespun.
When we came to know him he
wasn't home1y. nor gawkys nor awk-
ward any more; we called him beauti-
full. and often we have argued with
people who did not know him over
The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, 1907-09-01
By H. A. Crafts


IS remarkable Quartat thai
stands at the head and front OF es.s
graft prosecutions In San Er&n-
cisco.
District Attorney william Z
LAngdOn. the Official head and csms
rnander IN CHIEF
Francis J. Heney, the rghene Hen
kenants who IS always on the nrfng Iiaa
and IN almost daily conniot with shs
william H Burns. the siseplssu
Meuth. ever upon the scent, in whesa
ciutches afe caught the ma1efa5toys,
both large and small.
Rudolph SpTecl1els. the moral and
nn2ncial hacker Of the great reform
campaign
Standing IN the Herce limelight OF
t4pLcitg, these men Challenge the at
tention OF the whole Civilized world.
Their strong personal traits interest
every one and we have an almost
Quenchless curiosity 10 know more
tDout them. their past as well SIS
oresent history.
Being IN the beautiful Iittsc town
RI San Leandro the otter day and hav-
tue heard that William II. Langdon
tnsd spent period OF his earlier
f;fe there, It occurred 70 me 10 make
some inquiries among the ocopie a s
- tnclr recollections OF that rer.fle-
man. S''''
Ot course everybody living IN the
region OF San Francisco bsev knovrs
Vnere san Leanoro is situated. Rut
49, 49, snoelo presume too much ! win
STATE briefly that that town lies 80
fne east shore Of the bay. about i've
miles south OF Oakland Z, has
population OF about 1000 has various
Important manufacturing fntrre~fe a,,5
- situated IN the center of one 81 TIE
tacet productive regfons o. the Golden
NtAte, and among fts leadln4r products
are fruits and VEGETABLES sgs Vii y
general farm crops
On one side Is tlie bav. ~vi3o~~ 80,
Nfeezes contlrually temper tile heat
e summer making Il a delightful
place q Fehacence; on the other the
Cenfra Costa hills. It's streets and
avenues are beautifully shaded and its
residences cn7bowered IN trees and
surrounded ~ lawns and aosva-- s'''1
Statistics show that the average San
Leardro family fs more numerous IN
membership tnan that OF any other
town In the slate, and the town would
therefore delilxhf fne heart of Mr.
Roosevelt himseif.
II was near this town that Mr.. Lang
con passed Part OF his boyhood: later
he taught school IN San Leandro for
more than 70 years. and 1t is OF Mr.
1Angtcn es a country school teacher
tn1t the present article viii mainly
treat.
William Fl h.angdon was poor boy.
1dis father " IS small farmer. The
latter was nit even able TO own a
farm; ct leas1 such were tie conditions
Fpen the Lsfgdon family lived near
"a Lesn6ro.
The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, 1907-09-01

his personal appearance. tell you
he was great"
As vice principal Mr.. Langdon taught
classes all the way from the third tc
the ninth grade; as principal he taught
the ninth grade In Algebra. geometry.
history. mathematics. etc.
But as eager as Mr.. Langdon was
to perfect himself In the study OF
law, he was never known to bring q
law book to school % conscientious
was he In the discharge oR bis oficial
duties.
If Mr.. Langdon had q hobby, Il was
upon the subject OF patriotism. and
upon this he seemed never to WEARY
OF talking. He appeared 20 consider
it as one Of his duties as teacher
OF the youns 10 inculcate the prfn-
ciples OF patriotism on every occasion.
and he was in the habit OF address,
Ing the classes frequently upon the
subject
Among the boys OF the school he was
extremely popular, and to this day Mr..
Langdon cannot pass through town
without the lads rallying to give him
greeting, provided they know ok his
coming
Another evidence OF Mr.. Langdon's
popularity In San Leandro II the fact
that when he ran for governor OF the
state . year ago he received ma
5ority vots In that town.
The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, 1907-09-01

Cc~~N
elder Langdon ran one of those side
hlll farms so common in that region.
he farmed It on shares, and raised
barley and barley hay for the San
Francisco market.
As Sturdy Farmer Lad
The family resided on the farm and
young William II. attended school in
town. During vacations he helped his
father and was a good hand IN the
field because he was big and strong and
faithful.
1t was William IL Lnngdon's early
delightsto make one of crew TO run
the hay baling machine. and he always
kept his end up.
After a time the family removed to
Hayward, several miles farther down
the bay shore. There they continued
TO work the soil and William II. to at
tend the Hayward, schools
The next move the Langdons made
took them over the hills to the east
ward 10 a little town known as Dam
vile, near San Ramon. IN Contra Costa
county.
There they went to farming again
and the young man attended the coun-
try school.
Next we hear OF William II. Lang
don taking a course at the state nor
NAL school at San Jose. From that In
stitution he was graduated with honors
and was president of his class.
: San Leandro apparently still had
strong attractions for him, for soon
after his graduation he received the ap-
pointment of vice president OF the
Union school in that town
He served for a while in that capacity
and then went to Fresno. where he had
accepted a position as teacher
He remained in Fresno only six
months. however. A vacancy occurring
in the principaiship of the San Leandro
Union school he was offered that posi-
tion, and. resigning his place in Fresno,
he returned to San Leandro aud
assumed the duties of his new ONCE.
That was in 1892. and for 10 consecu-
tive years he held the position. only re-
signing in 1902 to accept the position Of
superintendent Of schools in San Fran
cisco.
That tells how well William Il.
A-An9don WAS khoisxh4 az N Rl-
The San Francisco call. [volume] (San Francisco [Calif.]) 1895-1913, 1907-09-01

Up IN the foothills east of town the
elder Langdon ran one of those side
hlll farms so common in that region.
He farmed It on shares, and raised
barley and barley hay for the San
Francisco market
The Washington times., 1907-06-16
nlP. 6SPLINS2 AND his
son hSPBGRT IN TIC
RECORDING ROOM.

his own hands. the transmitting in
struments being standardized by his
Efforts
Mr. Berllner was born May 20. 1851.
in Hanover, Germany. receiving a
common school education until four
teen years Of age, when he went TO
work as a printers devil Later he
elected % pursue commercial ca
reer. In 1870 he emlgrated TO the United
states, settling IN Washington. In
1871 he uiarued Aiss Cora Auivr. OF
Washington. and since 1881 has made
his home e~permanently.
Mr. Berliner is Nof the rugged type.
ana man OF high ideals and amDi-
tons. He has a pleasing person
aiity, and delights in talking of his
inventions. His explanation Of the
gramOphOne system O. recording sing
ing and playing, and the manufacture
Of the discs is so simple and succinut
that IL could be understood by a child.
The principal difference between the
gramophone and the cylinder or phono2
graph type Of machines Is that in the
former the groove is in. form OF d
writing, the vibrations being horizontal.
while IN the latter they are up and
down This brings about some import
ant results In favor of the disc ma
chine. In the latter also the groove
propeis the needle.
The Washington times., 1907-06-16
Slightly Imperfect,

There Is a less Of delicate vi5ra-
tons or overtones a. present. and Il Is
not az all simple to remedy Jhls. II is
possible with a perfect record 20 catch
and reproduce ordinary breathing. and
the time will soon come when this
viii be accomplished. Just the barest
trlfe Of expression Is lost now. This
can scarcely be noticed by anyone eX-
cept the artists and manufacture, but
anything imperfect that can be de-
tected by the human ear. or which
sounds the least bit cooarse OF harsh
can be eliminated. The talking ma
chine utilizes a disc indented with
groove OF even depth. which not only
viorates the stylus. but also pr0pels
u automatically across the disc lear
Is everything can be reproduced IA tu-
rally by such a disc and absolute per
lection will be attained before much
time has elapsed
The essential difference between
the gramophone (Which means pnouo-
toErsphic reproduction OF sounds from
writing) and the photograph Is that
there Is less resistance in the former.
and. consequently. a truer rendition Of
the sound waves. The base Of the
grooves on the discs Is the same dis
lance from the surface in every IN
stance. The resistance being equal,
the rendition is Of necessity superior
in quality. tone. and volume / dis
covered this and patented the idea in
1Sc-
The Washington times., 1907-06-16
Up-to-Date Methods.

A disc Of heeswaN is placed on
gramophcne- This is placed in large
empty room and the singer or player
stands near The machine. a small
chisel rests on the wax When the
sincinE "r rlavins begins the sound
waves strike the diaphragm Of the ma
chine. and this in turn causes the little
chisel 10 CULVER. As the disc revolves
the quiyerings Of the chisel are traced
on the wax Each sound shakes the
chisel ~ a different direction. and al
though the groove IS very narrow. al
most every seometr'coI figure is carved
in st before the average song Is re-
corded.
After the music has been cut into
the wax. the disc Is electrotyped ana
later nickel plated. II is then pressed
Into hard rubber. celluloid. or imita-
ton hard rubber. one or A thousand
or more can be made from the same
electrotyped disc. Although the
grooves in the discs appear TO the
naked eye TO be regular and even by
means OF A magnifylns glass or mi
croscope, it can be seen that the base
The Washington times., 1907-06-16

master records. which are free from
harshness. grating sounds. and squeaks.
and which reproduce pure. true, music
with volume and tone.
From a printers devil to position OF
ouluence anc rank among the premier
inventors Of the age, is the accomplish
ment OF Mr.. Berliner in a few shor.
years. lie is a -yeritable type OF the
self-made man and an ardent believer
In the theory that it is better to fight
for things than wait for them to come
10 him. He had an interesting career.
and at one time acted as a travelling
agent along the Mississippi river.
IN 1915 he frst came IN touch with
applied science and for eight months
was assistant to Dr. Constantine FAIL
berg in a laboratory for sugar analysis
in New York city. This was the same
Fahloerg who afterward became ia
nous as the discoverer Of saccharine.
While thus employed Mr. Berliner
devoted much time 10 the study of
physics ana chemistry from books.
In 1876 he returned to Washington and
accepted a position as bookkeeper IN a
mercantile house. II was in that year
he began his systematic experiments
in tho then practically unknown eel
ence Of electrical telephony.
The Washington times., 1907-06-16
Difficult Reproduction.

wind Instruments are cas-. No diff
hcuity Is experienced with any other
strinEed instrument than the violin.
While the stronger notes OF the sing
ers are traced out on the record by the
chisel. IN some instances the softer
ones produce waves that arc most too
weak 10 cause the chisel % culver and
thereby accurately carve out the true
music as rendered by the artist Low.
mellow notes Of short duration are
extremely difficult TO record. The av-
CraEe listener will detect no lmper-
fectlon in the effect, but the defects
will be noticed by musicians and per
sons whose ears are trained 20 music.
Discs Of today are made OF imita-
ton hard rubber or celluloid. There
is no appreciable difference between
them. Years ago the discs were
made OF hard rubber. but the
others are Just as good. Recording
discs were manufactured from zinc.
treated with a fatty extract Of bees
wax. After the chisel had traced out
the lines on this Tat the record was
placed IN chronic acid and the grooves
etched in. something on the order Of
half-tone plates used in printing.
The method employed now is much
simpler. and as many discs as are de-
sired can be made from one record
The Washington times., 1907-06-16

choose the royalty, and receive thus
greater remuneration than II they had
accepted the specified sum. Singers
usually purchase a machine and rec
ords and in the quiet seclusion or their
own rooms listen 10 their own singing.
Il is said many Of them have detected
defects in their voices by means OF
the records and practice for hours to
eliminate the flaws
"Oyertones are what we are striving
10 reproduce more accurately" said
Mr.. Bcrliner in his laboratory yester-
day. The overtones OF the violin and
human voice are the sweetest and best
part of music. and Il is with a view Of
getting each and every one OF these
thai we are working today.
The violin is the hardest instrument
in the world to reproduce It comes
closer TO the human voice than any
other, and in many instances the notes
The Washington times., 1907-06-16
Tho LABORATORY FROM
THO GAQDSN
l438 COLUMBIA ROAD

0Ir- Beriiner believes that every man
ought TO have a fad and hence about
half dozen years so he took up
a cempagn against raw milk, and the
MIX Conference now having it's far
reaching sessions in this city is the re
suit of his Initiative and planning.
Prior TO Mr.. BerlIner's invention
prlma Gonnas and artists of well-de-
served reputation refused to sing for
talking machines This was due %
the fact that the Instruments were
Una ble 20 well and truly reproduce
their voices. Since the records have
been Improved upon. however. artists
IKE Nelba. Calve. Nordica Eames
Gaaski, Szmosa. Dippel. Caruso. BOnci
and many others have sung for the
talking machine without hesitancy.
The artists are given their choice of
a large cash sum or a roy atty on each
disc sold. They almost Invariably
The Washington times., 1907-06-16
Profitable Popularity.

Patents OH TIE circular disc We're
obtained by Mr.. Berliner back in the
eighties. and some OF them have run
out. The disc was FIRST put upon the
market in 1894. when half a million Of
them were sold. Today the disc IS
manufactured by a well-knowu talk
ing machine firm in this country. by
Gram 1rtur Company Y :ouC. ard
b. another n Canada. in Al Of which
ga ~! 3lc, q Interested. csi.-
mated that e50oc0oo disc records are
cold ennuall- in tire~Cnitsd States and
Europe.
The Washington times., 1907-06-16
His First Inventions.

His Unborn talent quickly asserted
Itself and within a few months he
invented the loose-contact principle OF
the modern telephone transmitter. the
application OF the induction col 10
telephony and tie receiving acton Of
loose contacts. This invention startled
IN scieHt hc Uoud. aia IN c+ns"-
quence OF Il Mr.. BerIlner's services
were retained by the Bel Telephone
Company
In 1913 he became chief instrument
inspector In The factory IN Boston, re-
naming as such until tSs3 Here he
worked into practical form NJ BlAke's
variation Of his lransmitter The arst
10000 telephone sets passed through
The Washington times., 1907-06-16
Songs by Washingtopians.

The discs we're first put into use IN
1879 From the spring OF that year
until 1899 many records we're made in
the hall which I now use as a labora-
tory. Soloists Of local fame sang many
times. and I stil preserve some Of the
first records They were used in re-
producing songs sung by Mr.. Mac
farIand. Mrs. Shir-Clid. Mr.. Nolan. Mir.
Reeside. and many others The Marine
Band played numerous selections. The
soloists Of the Marine Band often
played. and l was especially gratihed
with the reproductions.
In addition TO these. there were
Miss Virginia Powell Goodwin. so
prano; John Terrell, baritone; Messrs.
Cullen and Collins. banjoists; George
Graham, Len Spencer, and Billy
Golden. comedians. and other wash
ingtonians.
The New York artists were George
Gsskins. l. W Myers. Daniel Quinn.
Miss Maud Foster. Joseph Fulton,
Homer Lind. and Giannini. operate
singers. and Gnmore's Band and solo
lists"
Records are being made daily in
London and New York. and upward Of
q. 09G.00o discs containing singing.
speechmaking, monologues, instru-
mental music. and dancing are sold
every year. The number is steadily
growing. In addition TO these. many
thousands Of records are made by
manufacturers who began business
after the seventeen years OF my pat
ents elapsed. We aim 10 root ont the
infringers by producing a perfect disc.
against which there can be no compe-
tition.
Mr.. Berliner spoke in high terms
Of praise OF the auxetophone invented
by Mr.. Parsons. Of England. who also
produced the steam turBne
The auxetophone uses the same rec
ord as the talking machine. The same
needle and mechanism are employed,
but the needle vibrates>a valve through
which compressed air passes. instead
OF vibrating diaphram. This gives
CONTINUED on Page Nine)
The Washington times., 1907-06-16
THO MECHANICAL
DEPARTMENT NJ 5SRlMPS
LABORATORY

Il the grooves resembles the EFFORT Of
p very nervous person 70 draw a
straight lire.
The finished disc Is then tried IN
the laboratory. In reproducing the
order OF things IS reversed. The nee
de Is held firm. The point is kept N
the grooves and the Diaphragm 20
which the needle is attached is VI
bratsd, thus reproducing the music
Talking machines are now used
chiefly for amusement and entertain
mcnt II is wonderful thing 90 have
great artists sing IN your psrlOr at any
and all times, buy the talking machine
Is destined to play an important part
in the business world. as well as 70
afford pleasure. The commercial
usage IS. OF course. Limited now. buI
the machine Is gradually establishing
ITSELF permanently. ~ IS b. far the
best means OF successfully teaching
languages. and linguists were quick 20
realize that fact-
The Washington times., 1907-06-16

A THOUGH the talking
~ machines of today re-
"A produce the human
voice and the playing of
wind and stringed instruments with
wonderful accuracy and tone,
Emile Berliner, inventor of the cir
cular disc gramophone, or, as it is
known in this country, the Victor
talking machine, which "revolu-
tionized" the musical world, be-
lieves there are far greater possibili-
ties therein, and is devoting time
and talents to perfecting the
records.
Mr.. Berliner has a laboratory at
1888 Columbia road, and it is there
that he spends much Of his time
with his eldest son, Herbert, who is
making Improvements on the in
vention which won his father fame
and fortune. Dozens Of discs are
manufactured in the laboratory
daily. Each one is little better
than the one made before il.
~ efficacy is the keynote Of
Mr.. Berliner's work. The
harsh. metallic sound which
YVES so noticeable in reproduc-
tons Of voices and bands. when talk
ing machines were FIRST put upon the
market. has been eliminated chiefly
through Mr.. Berliner's efforts and OF
number OF workers who got their
training in his laboratory. or from his
prior experiments The manufacture
OF tho discs is most intricate and dell
cate. and Mr.. Berliner Is authority for
the statement that there are less than
ten mon IN the United States who have
The Washington times., 1907-06-16
nPST COMPLETE
GPAnOPAONlS RECORD
SHOWING The HORIZONTAL
VIBRATIONS

are softer. smoother. more delicate
and frai than high singing BY artists
The Washington times., 1907-06-16
June 10. 1907

CC0ntinued on Page Nine)
The news=record. [volume] (Enterprise, Wallowa County, Oregon) 1907-1910, 1907-09-07

Cream three-quarters of cup Of but
ter with two cups Of sugar, then divide
Into equal parts. Into one part put the
beaten yolks Of four eggs and the stiff
ened whites into the other half. Into
the light part stir three-quarters of
cup Of sweet milk and two small cups
Of -four sifted with teaspoonful Of bak-
Ing powder. Into the dark part put
teaspoonful Of allspice, one-half tea.
spoonful each of ginger, cloves and nut.
meg, one teaspoonful of cinnamon and
a teaspoonful Of vanilla extract. Stir
the two parts lightly together, not
enough to blend them, but Just enough
to give the batter "marbled" effect.
Bake in loaf tin.
The news=record. [volume] (Enterprise, Wallowa County, Oregon) 1907-1910, 1907-09-07
Seasoning Apple Pies.

For the average-slzed pie take three
quarters cup Of sugar, pinch of salt,
for apples are always improved by salt.
two level tablespOonfuls Of -four to abb
sorb the Juice, and one-half level tea
spoonful Of cinnamon. Mix all the sea-
soning together, then sprinkle a part
of 1t over the under crust before put
ting In any Of the apple. Put the ap-
pies in three layers, with seasoning be-
tween then molsten in the edges Of the
crust and press together WELL Now cut
several g.-l gashes in the top crust,
for the steam to escape; the juice will
be taken up by the -four and none of
the pie will be lost.
The news=record. [volume] (Enterprise, Wallowa County, Oregon) 1907-1910, 1907-09-07

Two teaspoonfuls melted butter, one
cup Of sugar, two eggs, two and one
half cups rolled oats, one teaspoonfuI
baking powder, pinch OF salt and
)ne teaspoonful OF vanilla. Cream the
butter and sugar, beat eggs and add
vanilla and salt and mix all together I;
then add rolled oats and baking pow
der. Stir well and drop by spoonful
into pan, plnchlng up into shape with
fingers. Bake ten minutes In quite
a hot oven. Do not brown too much.