The independent., 1907-03-07

better and finer than any previous
production would appear. In that way
some advance was made up TO the
time when it was found that by bud
ding and grating the fruit produced
was like that of the tree from which
the cion was taken. In this way it is
possible to reproduce the choicest va
rieties and the finest fruit
But to secure new varieties 1T is
necessary to SOW the seeds from the
cultivated varieties, and keep only
those which produce valuable fruit.
Not infrequently thousands Of seed
lings are grown without one of value
being found. But the seekers after
choice new varieties are not discOur-
aged for the prospect Of finding some
thing which will surpass all prede-
cessors is alluring. Nurserymen usu-
ally grow young trees from the seeds
secured where large quantities OF ap-
pies are ground up for cider, and then
insert in the youthful shoots the buds
taken from the variety it is desired to
propagate The budded tree comes in
to fruitage much sooner than the nat
ural growth, but for successful graft
ing more time has to be allowed.
Where the growth Of natural tree
has been secured grating will soon
change it's fruit, and several varieties
may be grown from different branches
of the same tree. In the northwest
growers adopt root grating, and these
trees soon produce roots from the cion
and the uncertainty of the product
from seeding roots is eliminated
The area of the world devoted to
apple raising in the northern hemis-
phere extends from Scandinavia on
the north to the mountain regions OF
| North Carolina and Tennessee on the
south. In the southern hemisphere ap-
pies are raised in New Zs/land and
| Tasmania but little success has been
obtained in Australia, Africa or South
America North America is the great
apple producing region of the world
and New York leads all the other
states in the quantity grown, although
| there are many choice varieties pro-
duced in other states, particularly
Missouri, Oregon and Washington.
The soil and climatic conditions must
combine to produce the finest fruit
| The annual aggregate product of tbe
world is estimated at 100,000,000 bar
rels, but not all Of this is gathered, for
in seasons when the production is
plentiful large quantities are fed to
cattle or allowed to rot on the ground
and every season millions Of bushels
OIL the less CIlOICe VdIlellcS otHo IiiC
poorer fruit from the best trees are
turned into cider which is used as q
beverage and for making vinegar and
apple brandy.
There are several thousand varieties
of apples which have been named, OF
which perhaps two hundred are re-
garded as choice and about fifteen or
twenty are adapted for growing at
any one place. The Rhode Island
Greening originated in the state from
which it takes it name, and the name
is also indicative Of it's color. Espe-
cial conditions are needed to bring il
to full perfection, and the fact that
as usually grown it is not particularly
rich has led it to be classed as a cook
ing rather than an eating apple. On
the contrary, the Baldwin, which is
perhaps the best known and most
popular variety of apple, particularly
in the east, is better known as an eat
ing than as a cooking apple, and al
it's best many think it is hardly to be
surpassed.
This is variety in honor Of which
monument has been erected. More
than century ago, while Samuel
Thompson, an engineer, was laying
out the line of the Middlesex canal al
Wilmington, Mass, he found some
choice fruit on what was then called
pecker apple tree. That was in 1893
and a. little later the name Baldwin
, was applied to the apple and it grad
ually spread over the entire apple
growing region. The granite shaft
erected in 1895 to mark the spot where
) it was first grown is surmounted by g
stone apple of the shape of the Bald
; win but much larger than the rea
fruit, as 1t is on top of column
twelve feet high. 1t was erected by
the Rumford historical society, which
r was organized in 1877. The TalmaI
Sweet also bears a mans name. ant
its flavor is described by the adjective
, The Spitzenberg is supposed to hav'
come from a Seeding grown so IA
, north that the name of region II
a the Arctic zone was given to il
, Another variety which originated IL
) the north bears the name of Northern
! Spy. The Snow apple was also pro
, duced far north, but Is so named be
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