The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1907-05-01

! lished the short~lived community of
| Fruitlands, where animal food III any
! form was not tolerated, where water
was the only beverage, and where early
rising and cold baths were part of the
stoical regime.
! Brook Farm did not last very long,
/ being dissolved in 1916. though Horace
Greeley, Emerson and Theodore Parker
were constantly offering encouragement
and inspiration. Their school had be-
come famous in its time, and drew pu-
pills from Manila, Havana, Florida and
New England. Tho instruction for the
elder pupils was wide. Lecturers came
each Sunday and on week days, Ripley
| elucidated Kant and Spinoza on Sun
day afternoons. Pupils, seated on the
grass, read the Divina Commedia in the
original, and scholars did the work of
some of the illiterate that they might
attend classes. Hawthorne wrote his
Blithedale Romance from his ex-
periences there, and other real ro-
mances found consummation III four
teen marriages that took place among
the members. The farm has been ab-
| sorbed IN the overwhelming limits Of
Boston,. and its identity is now lost III
that of the Martin Luther Orphans
home which occupies the old quarters.
The next communistic settlement of
importance, in so far as its ideals and
its membership are concerned, was that
of New Harmony, Ind, under the i'm
mediate direction of Robert Owen of
Scotland. The village and the 10000
acres surrounding 1t were purchased
outright from religious society that
Owen paid S150,000 for the whole This
was in 1925, and the colony prospered,
with 900 members engaged in almost
every branch Of industry that an in
dependent colony might rcquire-agri-
culture, manufacturing, stock raising
and briek"making. All the goods,
houses and lands were held in common,
and the Individual was lost in the gen
eral scheme of things.
Education was great factor in the
plan. the first day nurseries and schools
for little children in the United States
were there. Eminent men were among
the members-Robert Dale Owen, whose
name is next only to Smithson s in the
National Museum in Washington; Will
liam Maclure, father Of American
geology; Thomas Saw, the noted ento-
mologist and one of the founders of the
Academy of Natural Sciences; Dr.
Troost, who made the finest geological
and mineral collection in the world, and
was sent in 1910 on n scientific expcdi-
tlon to Jamaica by Louis Bonapartc,
King of Holland; Charles Leseur, the
French naturalist; Prof. Joseph Neef, a
student of Pestalozzi and soldier OF
Napoleon; Joseph Chapplesmith, the
English artist and engraver, and
Frances Wright, the woman who later
founded IN west Tennessee the first in
dustrial school for negroes in the world.
Inns was to be the great educational
center of the United States, and Will
liam Maclure contributed $l50.O00
toward that end. Freedom of speech,
freedom of thought were to be encour-
aged, and woman S rights was an ac-
knowledged thing. But in 1927, when
owen s interests took him elsewhere,
the colony, became as ship without a
master and soon was wrecked A col
ony In Pennsylvania, one in Indiana,
three in New York, one in Tennessee and
one IN Ohio sprang from this, but soon
went into oblivion. Owen came over
again III 1928 to see If the Mexican
Government would not grant lands for
world s convention in New York to dis
cuss his vast schemes for the social bet
terment and uplifting of all people.
Horace Greeley was the god father of
an interesting colony that 1ourished for
a Jew years forty miles from New
York. This was known as the North
American Phalanx; 1t was founded
lasted until 1853, its principles p being ing
those advocated by Fourier. The colony
was large one, owning 675 acres of
! good land with shops, dairies, farms
and factories. 1t also owned stock in
the steamboat and railway lines that
ran into New York. For some reason
dlssensions arose, the financial affairs
! got, tangled, though Greeley offered to
lend any amount of money necessary,
and after few years experiment the
members drew out their shares and
went their way.
In 1917, Etienne CADET, French So
clalist and member of society called
the Icarians, believed he could colo
nIze million of his people in Texas.
That State had just been admitted to the
unlon, and was offering great induce
mcnts to settlers. Through Chicago
real estate company CADET secured, as
he thought, more tina nami lion acres
on the Red river in Texas He chose
si&ty,threo of his best young men and
sent them over in 1913, but they found
that they had been cheated in the land.
y greater emigration was checked be,
cause three weeks after the first set
tiers left, France became republic
The second installmcnt of settlers was
only nineteen, instead of 1900, as had
been expected. All returned to New
| Orleans and when CADET came with 400
more IN lS49 the colony moved to Nau-
( VOC, ILL.,, where recent exodus of
Mormons had left many vacant houses
and farm lands. They Immediately set
up shops, opened farms and became
prosperous for awhile. Politics soon
upset the scheme, however, and it ul-
timutely failed.
Another settlement that was under
foreign direction was that at Rugby,
Tenn, Gu the Cumberland plateau. This
was engineered by an English company
| known as the Board of Aid to Land
Ownership. The president was none
other than the famous Thomas Hughes,
who gave the world "Tom Brown. of
Rugby Many of the members were
from Eton, Harrow and Wellington.
! and the plan was TO encourage Younger
sons of good English families Ia gcfflo