davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Batesburg advocate. [volume] (Batesburg, S.C.) 1901-1911, 1907-11-01

Mrs. j. G.. SSYgerJ after visit to
her daughter, Mrs. Price Zimmerman
has returned to her hImG in Peak.
The Marion daily mirror. (Marion, Ohio) 1892-1912, 1907-12-28

braska, Colorado and other Louisiana
Purchase states were being populated,
Oklahoma remained for. so years a
wild Indian camping ground.
Passing Of the Indian.
AS recently as 35 years ago the
American people generally knew of
Oklahoma only as haunt OF Indians
and hunting ground for big game.
Early in the eighties white settlers,
who had overrun Kansas and the new
middle west states, began to investi-
gate Oklahoma. They found the new
territory rich and appealed to the
government for the opening of it to
settlement. The government did not
readily act upon the request, and
many of these whites. becoming impa-
tient. entered the reservation forcibly
and set up their homes They were
driven out, but repeatedly renewed
their efforts. and many clashes with
soldiers occurred.
But these pioneers, then looked
upon by the government as outlaws
finally persuaded congress to open
Oklahoma to settlement Hence, the
names of these same outlaws" have
been immortalized in Oklahoma his
tory.
AT the time of the opening all OF
Oklahoma, except that portion taken
from Texas In the Greer county bound
ary dispute and the narrow strip be-
tween Kansas and Texas. extending
to the Colorado and New Mexico lines
was included in the Indian Territory
Oklahoma territory, which was held
by the government for the use of the
Indians, but had never been assigned
to any tribe, consequently consisted
in those days Of only about 100000
acres. There occurred the first grea,
rush for homes, which brought into
existence Oklahoma City. From time
to time the government transferred
other portions Of land from the Indian
Territory to Oklahoma territory fol
settlement by whites, until, when the
Oklahoma-Indian Territory statehood
bill passed, all that remained of In
dian Territory were the reservations
of the Choctaw, Chickasaw, Chero
kee, Creek. Seminole and Quapaw
tribes.
The Marion daily mirror. (Marion, Ohio) 1892-1912, 1907-12-28
WoMEN's WORK At MINES.
Very Few Work underground-ln Al
rica They Garry Heavy Loads.

Until recently women were employ
ed In England in connection with sur
face work in coal mining and bricl
works. The women were found Il
be very strong, but they were othe:
wise unsatisfactory and were ulti
mately dispensed with at the collier
les. The coal mines regulation &C, OF
Great Britain prohibits women labor
being employed underground.
In German Southwest Africa an in
vestigator found many native womer
at work about the mines. They were
useful in carrying IN loads, especial,
OF fircwood. The vomen labor was
cheap and as long as they were lef,
alone to take as much time as they
liked over the work and do it as they
wished they were all right.
His next experience was higher uI
the coast, in West Africa. Labor wa.
short and they decided to try womer
to carry stones, They carried the
first two loads and then they struck.
Those women quite altered IL con
ditions of carrying stones. They Gu
ried them for a certain distance, but
three or four relays had to be pro
vided. After that they were tried al
carrying sand and things like that
They went on for a short while, bu,
did the work in fits and starts.
In another place. also on the wes
coast, where women had been tried
against the black men, 1t vas found
that for carrying In firewood they
were by far the best and cheapest
There, OF course, they were on piece
work. although their tickets were
marked just the came as IL they wer,
on day work.
Their task was to carry in core
OF wood a day. They used to star
about 4:30 a. m. and went on carry
ing until 7 and from 1880 till 8 or 10
Then IL they wanted to get off earl.
the next day they used to carry an
other cord of wood in the Afternoon
or part of it.
They were decided success, but
they were very particular In what
they called their circle. They did moi
mind how close 1t was to the boilers
but II 1t were little over their dis
tance they would go to the manager
and want an increase directly.
Some women used to carry abou,
100 pounds on their heads; on an av
erage about S5 to 95 pounds of wood
Statistics published In the Mining
World FROM time to time show thai
there are a number of women EN-
ployed In the coal mines of Belgium
and Germany. for instance, as picker.
and sorters. In Germany women re
celve 27 to 28 cents per day.
The Marion daily mirror. (Marion, Ohio) 1892-1912, 1907-12-28

earners. These plants include -four
mills, oil mills, cotton gins, broom
factories, brick and tile works, salt
works. cement factories, woodenware
and carriage works.
OIL Fields Are Rich.
Some of the richest oil fields in
America are in Oklahoma. The Glenn
Pool oil district, south OF Tulsa, be-
tween Red Fork and Mounds, has be.
tween $50 and 500 producing oil wells,
with a total capacity of 100000 bar
rels a day. The first of these wells
was sunk in December, 1905. Pipe
lines have been constructed for the
transportation of this oil to the Texas
seaboard and to the refineries at Whit.
ing, Ind. More than $10,O0O,000 has
been invested In tanks, pumping sta.
tions, and pipe lines In Tulsa county
Eastern Oklahoma, which is not SO
uniformly even as the western portion
Of the state, produces more than
100000 tons of coal a year, for
which its mines receive about $4,000,
900. The coal field extends from the
vicinity of Tulsa on the north to the
Texas line on the south, and is more
than 100 miles broad. The state con
tains about $50 coal mines, employing
about 10000 operators.
The principal rivers of Oklahoma
all of which flow toward the south
east. are. naming them from north &c
south, Arkansas, Salt Fork, Cimarron
North Canadian, South Canadian
Wachita and Red.
The government acquired what IL
now Oklahoma more than a century
ago under the terms of the Louisiana
Purchase. Early in the century the
government set this land apart fol
the segregation of the various Indiar
tribes, then being driven west by the
advance OF white settlers. Hence
while Missouri, Kansas, Iowa, Ne
The Marion daily mirror. (Marion, Ohio) 1892-1912, 1907-12-28

male as we'll as male students, and
comprising college OF arts and SCI
ences, school of medicine, a school
of applied science, a school OF pharm.
acy, q school Of mines, a school Of fine
arts, and a preparatory school. The
campus, consisting of 60 acrcu. lies at
slight elevation, overlooking the
South Canadian river. University
hall was built five years ago at cost
of $4,000. Science hall is q new
building, 6S by 1875 feet, Of gray
pressed brick. The university Is also
provided with library building given
by Andrew Carnegie, and gymnasi-
um, 55 by 100 feet. There are four
other buildings, two of wood. devoted
to engineering work, and two devoted
to the anatomical laboratory.
The other advanced public educa-
tional institutions of Oklahoma are an
agricultural and mechanical college,
three state normal schools. a univer-
sity preparatory school, a colored
agricultural and normal university,
and a school at Chilocco, on a reser-
walton containing $500 acres of agri-
cultural land, for the education of In
dian boys and girls In the higher
branches of learning.
Color Line Drawn.
The supervision of instruction 10
vested in a board of education, of
which the state superintendent Of pub
lie instruction is president and the
governor, secretary of state and at
torney general are members ex-officio.
A color line Is drawn on negroes in
Oklahoma, separate schools being pro-
vided for negro children, but with the
same accommodation as the schools
for white children. Education IL com.
pulsory.
The Chilocco Indian school is one
of the most interesting educational In.
stitutions In Oklahoma. About 5000
of its $500 acres are In cultivation,
the rest being In meadow or pasture
land. This school has 700 to 500 stu
dents. 70 instructors, more than 40
buildings. and Is known as the best
institution in the Indian service for
imparting practical agricultural
knowledge to Indians. In addition to
agriculture, stock raising, dairying
etc, all other lines of industry are
taught at Chilocco.
Oklahoma has more than 1900
manufacturing plants, representing in
vestments aggregating $25,0O0.O00
! and giving employment to 10000 wage
The Marion daily mirror. (Marion, Ohio) 1892-1912, 1907-12-28

lands Of wonderful capacity, oil wells.
asphalt beds of great worth. and all
Of these practically undeveloped, to
say nothing Of the vastness of her op,
portunities to the tiller of the soil.
The story OF the rise of two dozen
other Oklahoma cities with popula.
tions exceeding 10000 is almost
synonymous with that of the rise of
the metropolis. Such cities as Guth.
rie tthe state capitaD, with $4,000
population; Tulsa lin the center of
the oil fields), with 10000 population;
Muskogee. Ardmore, Lawton. Shaw
nee. Enid, South McAlester, Vinita
and El Reno are battling enthusiasts
cally for, commercial supremacy, and
present indications are that all these
cities will grow and prosper, each
supported mainly by those farm lands
for which 1t is the natural outlet to
market. The casual reader may won.
der how so many large cities can be
supported by mere farms. The fact
Is that Oklahoma has 250,000 farms,
most of them worked by their owners,
for hundreds of thousands of Ameri.
cans have invested their small saw
hgs In Oklahoma land and are getting
rich with the state by tilling the soil.
Six out of every ten farmers In Okla.
homa own their own homes. Most of
them live upon the land them home
steaded. Landlords are rare In Okla.
homa.
The Marion daily mirror. (Marion, Ohio) 1892-1912, 1907-12-28

Lieutenant governor, George Bellamy,
Of FL Reno; secretary Of state, "Bill"
Cross. Of Oklahoma City, whose
friends say he would not be recog.
nized II referred to as William
Cross" treasurer, j. b. Menefee, OF
Anadarka; attorney general, Charles
West, of Enid, and chairman Of the
commissioners of corporations, J. j..
McAlister
The state in primaries has selected
to represent her in the senate the first
blind man. who has ever sat in that
body He is T. p. Gore, who lost his
sight when boy in Mississippi,
where he was born. He has served in
the territorial legislature. Robert
Lee owen. who will be elected as the
other senator, is totally different
type. Born in Virginia, he Is one
eighth Cherokee Indian. and Is looked
upon as an extreme conservative. He
distinguished himself as a lawyer by
earning fee OF $4,000 in single
| case. Both these men have been
chosen by the Democratic primaries,
which Is equivalent to their. election
by the legislature. or the representa-.
tives Bird s. Mcclure, for some years
territorial delegate from Oklahoma, in
congress, is the only Republican OF
the five elected. Others are f. l.. Full.
ton, brother OF Senator Fulton, OF
Oregon, Second district; James s.
Davenport, Third district; Charles d.
Garter, Fourth district, and Scott
| FARMS, Fifth district.
Metropolis Of New state.
The largest city on the Oklahoma
side is Oklahoma City, with popula.
tion Of 10000 and 40 miles of asphalt
pavements. Muskogee, in the Indian
Territory has o population OF $4,000,
which represents growth from $500
people in 1900. The new state will
have 700 banks, Of which 275 are ma.
tional, the latter with deposits Of $780,
100000; 23 cottonseed oil mills, more
than hundred -four mills, so daily
papers and more than 400 issued
weekly.
Oklahoma alone had in 1906 S6.90s
families, of which more than 10000
owned their homes. and Of these so.
900 were free from mortgages. The
average price for Oklahoma land in
1905 was $1S.25 per acre, an increase
of 1925 from the previous year. The
new state has thousands OF acres OF
lunappropriated public domain, coal
The Marion daily mirror. (Marion, Ohio) 1892-1912, 1907-12-28
FACTS ABOUT OKLAHOMA.

Oklahoma than Indiana Ohio combined.
Oklahoma will be twentythird the union point Of
population. .at
Oklahoma $500 miles railroads. 700 SO daily
oklahomas Oklahoma City, miles
pavements
Of sixty thousand words. YE
wide prohibition 10 provided In the constuton
municipalities
Oklahoma 2s6s full booded Indians 567o
Many them highly civilized.
last
The Marion daily mirror. (Marion, Ohio) 1892-1912, 1907-12-28
President Of Constitutional
a. Convention.

ho.ss a,aaa oTca aud a sma,I hm,ld.
s ',.as s.Ass So % hota, pe,wean noon
.s s s.,nsa, 30 no, dav osIahoma Sta.
~ ssS 80 ooo naon,e
.,..,,.,' W.. u'.ao : ,son,, 100 b,,,,1Iugs I many
4.n oror,' aw"trs WE'VE
=. , .ns." 1s''' 's"p'''
''1N or,a,on,, c,,v hoe cort,n.
l ~ .''a.,, !. ,ow @ o,a,ms NON.
uvu 49,, - 81" "x % non 'noaarn % schoo,s edp. %
cs,,,n - Slsa chi,drcn this wear as
M sra,.s. arK,ast year. hu,,d,ngs Tin.
ci,dtng ten.story s,;yscrapers) aggre-
".s..r S nya,,,e ak ooo. ooo. hanks
$500. aaaraoo,a canital and sur.
a. nco ees and danosits apnre.
The Marion daily mirror. (Marion, Ohio) 1892-1912, 1907-12-28
Clyde FItch's Advice.

At dinner given In his honor In
New York not long ago. Clyde Fitch
told of the advice he once gave an
aspiring young novelist who worried
him with his books. 1t appears that
the embryo Fielding was better quail
fed to sell shoes than write novels
One day he came to Mr. Fitch In q
great state of mind. He declared:
mo one will read my manuscripts.
There is conspiracy of silence
against me-"
Join It," advised Mr.. Fltch.--Satur.
day Evening Post
The Marion daily mirror. (Marion, Ohio) 1892-1912, 1907-12-28

tiiation 10 concerned any more than Il
is as far as its agricultural products
are concerned. Northerners, south
erners, eas,erners and westerners
mingle harmoniously there, all grow
ing prosperous together. Every state
in the union is represented by at least
500 natives.
A substantial evidence of the intel.
lectual worth Of Oklahomans generally
is the number Of modern daily news
papers which they support Further
more, they have good schools, libra.
ries and churches.
Oklahoma has modern public
school system supported by the in
come from a $35,000.000 public school
fund and local taxation. The "35,000,-
600 fund" consists of 3,100,875 acres
Of land, valued at $30,O00,00O, the in
come from the rental of which
amounts to about 100000 per year;
and $5,000,000 paid into the school
fund by Indian Territory in lieu Of
land, all of the 3,100,S75 acres being
In the former Oklahoma territory.
hC OiiSihai aCS OpCHiub
territory to settlement reserved in
all that section of the territory then
thrown open sections 16 and 36 in
every township for the benefit of the
public schools Of the future state.
Each successive act provided for simi-
lar reservations and the statehood en-.
abling act made additional grants to
the higher educational institutions re.
sulting in the big total above named
The state viii decide whether the
school lands shall be sold. All pro.
ceeds from sale Of the school lands
must be turned into the school fund
and forever remain intact.
Fine state University.
The head of the public school sys
tenn Of Oklahoma is the state univer
sity. located at Norman, open to fe
The Marion daily mirror. (Marion, Ohio) 1892-1912, 1907-12-28

go KLAHOMA, "the Land OF
Now" tembracing Okla
homa and Indian Terri
tories), entered the union
kEHk az a state on November Is
NM with population Of about
100000. The government
censis flour districts missing) shows a
population of LAOS. .0O0. In addition to
the persons residing in the four miss
ing districts, number Of Indians not
reacfled by the census takers are be-
lieved to have been omitted from the
government census total
The Indian is passing out Of the
lie Of Oklahoma into its history. But
he is still as much In evidence in
Oklahoma as the negro is in a number
Of northern. states. Records believed
to he ultra-conservative show that the
new state OF Oklahoma contains r.
600 Indians. Only about 10000 Of
these, however, are more than three
huxrter blood. The wild Indians Of
koklahoma exist only In history. The
fsdman OF the present is adjusting
usuS0cA W thV "hitS man CiSihAo-
ton.
oklahoma" is Comanche Indian
word. signifying the "Land of the Fair
God" Surely the fair god could not
select more comfortable place for a
home. For instance, everything good
to eat which that distinguished per-
sonage might desire is obtainable
from Oklahoma soil. Upon single
Oklahoma farm can be seen growing
simultaneously the, products that
grow In all the states from Maine to
California. Corn and cotton thrive
side by side.
Amazing Natural Resources.
Within its borders Oklahoma Is
knpwn to have vast stretches of coal
lands; natural gas. also. is abundant,
while the states resources In salt, as
phalt. oil. granite and marble, building
stone. sinc lead, copper, gold and tim
ber. place It among the most desirable
sections Of the country for Investors.
Eighteen years ago this great new
state was cattle range and Indian
hunting ground.
The first rush into Oklahoma was
on Monday. April 22, 1899. On the
morning of that day Oklahoma City
the present metropolis of the state,
then known as Oklahoma Station,
consisted Of half a dozen small build
ings. the Santa Fc station, section
The Marion daily mirror. (Marion, Ohio) 1892-1912, 1907-12-28
Business and Professions
LITTLE ADS LIKE THESE
BRING PEOPLE TOGETHER WHO
WANT TO DO BUSINESS.
BRUNSKILLS

Xmas Photos are leaders. We have
a special for Xmas only. Good time
to buy Kodak or Camera for q
Xmas present. We teach you how
free. DO it now, don't make mis-
take, If you want the best photos
you will have to have the Brunskills
make 'em.
The Marion daily mirror. (Marion, Ohio) 1892-1912, 1907-12-28
Above Sea Level.

The mean height OF land above sea
level, according to the most scientific
geographers, is $500 feet. The mean
depth Of the ocean is 12,4S0 feet.
The Marion daily mirror. (Marion, Ohio) 1892-1912, 1907-12-28
Drawn from All states.

Probably not more than 100000 Of
Oklahomas 100000 residents are ma
tive Oklahomans. This new state Is
not typical Of any particular section
OF the United States so far as Its pop.
The Marion daily mirror. (Marion, Ohio) 1892-1912, 1907-12-28
HChYstnusEve
PROPOSAL
B, ANDREw DUNCAN.
tcorpyrlshD

ITH every desire
to be temperate
in my language
and charitable In
my t h ou 8 h I 8,
truth compels me
to the statement
that Nellie Put
10 w g youngest
brother = Albert
Sidney Putlow--
is a boy who will
one OF these days
come to a bad
end.
To know Albert
Sidney--to know
him thoroughly
is an education
The Marion daily mirror. (Marion, Ohio) 1892-1912, 1907-12-28
REAL ESTATE

JOIN US IN A TRIP to Texas,
on the evening of January 5th
or the 10th. Either to Arma-
rillia or the Gulf Coast. Great
bargains to home seekers.
}. w. CLARK & GO.
ia Court Street.
The Marion daily mirror. (Marion, Ohio) 1892-1912, 1907-12-28
LIVERY

Don't forget that we make
speciality of driving rigs for pleas
ure or business.
r. p. PERRY, Union ST.
Both Phones.
The Marion daily mirror. (Marion, Ohio) 1892-1912, 1907-12-28

Fine state University.
The head of the public school sys-
tenn Of Oklahoma is the state unlver-
sity. located at Norman, open to fe-
The Washington times., 1907-12-22
PaltrU $500
Keeps Utopia
Out in Cold

NEW YORK, Dec. H.-Only a paltry
500 stands IN the way OF a $3.50. .OOO. 900
enterprise designed TO absorb all trusts
and land IN the United States, give
every man over fifty years a monthly
pension Of $50. and every child under
eighteen a s25 monthly allowance, ac-
cording TO Mrs May c. Firestone, who
has given twenty years 70 working out
the details Of the plan.
Mrs. Firestone has advertised for
somebody to advance the 500. She ex-
poets to get salary Of $4,000 and per-
haps 1900, 900 for setting ~l'e enterprise
on foot. Out OF Il she viii pay the
lender OF the 300 10000 per cent on the
amount Of his investment. With the
800 she proposes TO establish the Amer
lean Association to Adjust. Maintain,
and Perpetuate American I-sdtutions.
She said the soOOO 600 residents OF the
United States would be glad 70 pay g
each to JOIN, providing the initial $780,
900, 600.
Mrs. Flrestone says in a pamphlet she
has written:
I'VE must control the railroads. street
car systems. telephone, telegraph,
banks. and express companies. because
they should be run for the general pub
lie"
ldrs. Firestone is from Nashville.
Tenn, ard edited an ono newspaper
during the Spanish war.
The Washington times., 1907-12-22
MISS RUBY RICE.
CAPITAL BEAUTY,
VEDS IN PANAMA
James Robert Potwin, of
Washington, After Ro-
nance of Year.

4 cable received IN Washington yes
terday afternoon from Colon, Panama,
announced the marriage IN that city,
December %. OF Miss Ruby Rice, Of
this city, and Mrs. Robert Potwin, now
IN the Government service on the 18TH
mus. but formerly a resident Of Wash
ingJon.
Miss Rice sailed for Panama on the
steamer Dunottar Castle on the 18th
and Immediately upon her arrival at
Colon was met by her fiance, The cere-
mony took place within an hour after
ward, being performed by Arch-deacon
Bryan.
AS announced in The Times a short
while ago It has been rumOred for some
time that the romance, begun a year
aEo, between the two young people
would have its sequel IN this manner,
but so quietly did the prospective bride
make her preparations and sail 10 join
Mr.. Potwin, that but few Of her friends
knew what the marriage date had been
set
Mrs. Potwin IS the sister Of Miss Eola
Thorton Rice, declared - be the most
beautiful woman in Washington. and
was herself one of the winners IN the
recent contest.
The announcement of her marriage
will be a surprise TO many Of her friends
IN Washington. Miss Eola Rice, who
| accompanied her sister as far as New
York, will return to Washington after
the holidays
Mr.. and Mrs. Potwin have taken up
their residence at Corozal, c. a., 18th
mus Of Panama,
The Washington times., 1907-12-22
Died

WAGNER-On December 10. at 1910 a. m.
JOHN T., beloved husband Of Annie Nir-
ginia Wagner, after q long and painful III
ness
Funeral from his late residence. 141 E
street northwest, Monday. December %. az
3 a. m, thence 10 ST. Matthews Church,
where requiem mass viii be said FOR the
repose Of his soul. Relatives and friends
are invited 1t
CHANBY-On Saturday, December Il, 1907. at
2 a. m, A. CLAUDE CHANEY, beloved
husband OF Rosalie x Clancy and youngest
son OF the late Judge NJ. d. Clancy, sf
Annapolis, Nd
Funeral from his late residence, 2217
Tenth street northwest, on Monday. De-
cember g. at p. m. Friends invited
Baltimore and Annapolis papers please
copy.) II
SPINDLE-On Friday, December 90 1907. at
p. m, at his residence, s34 o street north
west JOHN POWELL SPINDLE.
Committal services at the grave, Oak Hill
Cemetery. at 1850 a. m, December q. 1t
wOOD-On Saturday. December p, 1907. at
5:45 p. m, after lingering illness, FRAN
CTS MSC. WOOD. beloved husband Of Celia
A. Wood, in his sixty-siIth year.
Funeral from his late residence, 93T Nfr-
Einia avenue southwest. Tuesday, December
"A, at p. m. Relatives and friends invited
10 attend 1t
KEEN-On Friday. December 20. 1907 at Il
m, JANE DONALDSON (nee Andrews).
beloved wife OF Albert NJ Keen
Funeral from her late residence, 1884 New
ton street northwest. Monday December
o, at 10;30 n m. Interment private. It