Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1907-07-14
BROKEN RAILS CAUSE WRECKS.
Thirty Experiments and One Hundred
Tons Steel to BE Used.

So many accidents have occurred on rail-
roads which have been traced to broken
rails that extensive experiments be-
Ing conducted by one Of the most impor-
tant steel companies with the view Of de-
termining what improvements are necessary
to obviate these caiamities. The tests con-
template thirty different experiments
each piece Of steel under examination, and
about 100 tons Of steel will be used.
The idea prevails among railroad and
steel men that 1t will be found necessary
to make heavier dange. as that part seems
to be the point of weakness. BY putting
more metal here and also in the head and
web of the rail the weight of 10O-pound
rail will be increased to 10 pounds The
new SO-pound rail will weigh 100 pounds.
While number of different railroads of
this country have been experimenting in a
small way with steel cars. the Pennsyl-
vania Railroad Company was the first to
make really valuable experiments. and that
company has now In operation on its lines
a number Of steel cars in every branch Of
the service From time to time as improve
ments are suggested by the company's en-
gineers new cars are being built embody-
ing the innovations. One of the results
of this gradual perfection is day coach
which has but 300 pounds of wood entering
window sashes, brake rod guards. arm
rests for the seats and similar pur-
poses. The interior finish is largely of com
position where 1t is not possible to make
use of metal
The most powerful engines ever construct
ed are about to be put into service on the
Pennsylvania railroad. In order to obtain
the necessary adhesion to the tracks the
engines made with three wheels and
the total weight is over l34 tons
Russian eggs are shipped to the markets
in small tin boxes in which the egg con-
tent is Theoretically sealed. These arc
preferred in many places to the eggs which
have been preserved in the shell, but the
London market declines to accept them in
quantities.
1t has been estimated that the engineer
ing works now under way in and about
the city of New York represent an expendi-
ture of S6OO.OO 600.
substitute for cedar in the manufacture
of pencils has been discovered in GERMANY
and pencils made of 1t will soon be on the
market. The principal ingredient of the
new composition Is potato, and it is claimed
that pencils can be made more rapidly and
economically than with wood
The third-class railroad fare of Russia is
less than that of any other country OF
Europe 1t averages little over half cent
a mile
Sweden and Spain have fewer alien resi-
dents than any other country of Europe.
The average hen lays eighty eggs per
year.
The Mohammedans use the lunar year,
which is ten days and twenty-one hours
and a few seconds shorter than ours
Cholera has not been epidemic in Eu
rope since 1866 when it appeared in both
London and Liverpool.
The golden crested wren is the smallest
of British birds. 1t is three and half
inches long and seventy-two of them weigh
one pound.
German silver contains no silver at ALL
1t is an alloy of copper. nickel and zinc.
The oldest silver mines are in Germany.
but the richest are in Spain.
Only 81 per cent of SPANS 20,U0, 900 pop
uation is able to read and write.
The postmen of Spain are unable to read
and write as rule, and 1t is common say
ing that who treats the postman best gets
the most letters.
The Indian government is endeavoring to
popularZe tourists to frequent the Hima-
layas. The number of tourists is increas-
ing perceptibly every year.
Three-Story bedSteadS are now made for
use in apartments, steamers. camps and
wherever floor space is limited.
uniform system of municipal account is
in force in the state of Iowa.
Sweden is the most progressive country
in Europe as regards the use of the tele-
phone
The advance in prices abroad seems 10
have been largely restricted to manufac-
tured goods. FoodstuffS have remained sta
uonary as a rule, and in some cases nave
declined in value.
unlimited telephone service in PARIS, Out In
addition to this the subscriber mus Pul.
chase his own instrument , WIZ i h,dS
France has no od-age insurance measure
but large amount Is ANNUALLY spent III
rev. W., - 2eaiand looks after her old inhabi-
tants with a daily pension of about %
cents. - IT,.
The Australian government gives her aged
natiyes a pension of nearly s. 80 per week ,
The frst-class railroad fare of Belgium
is the lowest of all the worlds railroad
services.
The third-c,ass passenger service of the
English railroads Is constantly increasing
in popularity at the expense of the other
classes.
The telephone has not reached the point |
of a domestic convenience in France. 1t Is
but little used by the public generally.
Paris has 46933 telephones or about one |
instrument to every tifty-seVen inhabitants. |
Capt Marion w. kibhle. aged about forty |
five years. died suddenly at Shad Point a |
small town the WicOmicO river about |
four miles from Salisbury. Md Capt Rib /
BILE had been extensively engaged in oyster !
planting for the past five or six years. II )