The Hawaiian gazette., 1907-05-17
A SYMPOSIUM
ON HAWAII NE|

The Hawaiian edition of the New
, York Independent was pua on sale
Tuesday at some of the bookstores. II
contains the following articles, each H.
Illustrated by n picture OF the author:
Progress in Hawaii, Serene Z. Bishop;
Americanizing Hawaii, Bishop Resta.
rick; Is Hawaii Making Good? Dore-
mus Scudder; Land Settlement in Ha-
wall. Sanford b. Dole; The Hawaiian
Judiciary, Chief Justice Frear; Homo.
lulu, Walter G. Smith.
Speaking of the symposium, the In.
dependent says editorially:
We are very fortunate this week in
being able to give our readers a very
valuable series of articles about our
new Hawaiian possessions. We need
add nothing here as to the worth of
these Islands to US, or as to their i'm
portance as the hating place for all
commerce which must cross the Pa
cific Ocean. That commerce has but
just fairly begun. In hundred years
the Pacific commerce will equal or sur
pass that which crosses the Atlantic.
San Francisco or Seattle will be as
large city as New York. Then Ha-
wall will hardly be large enough to
find room for all the steamers that
must stop in its ports. The country
which holds Hawaii will hold control of
all that commerce.
| We are very glad to learn that our
Congress made no mistake when 1t In
sisted on universal democratic suffrage
for the Islands. The wise men of Ha-
wall doubted. They would have re-
stricted suffrage to the educated and
the well-to-do; but with no small cou-
rage we said that we must trust the
people at all hazards. The hazards
seemed too great for a few years; but
now the wise men tell us that the
native Hawaiians are just like other
people, amenable to the teachings of
experience, lovers of honesty, and that
an honest government is now achieved.
They are poor ethnologists who
imagine that only Anglo-Saxons can
become fit to rule the world.
So we pass from these matters, SO
fully argued by our Hawaiian contrib
utors, to ask question which not one
of them has here raised, but which one
Of them, DIR. Serene e. Bishop, an au-
thority on volcanoes, has elsewhere
asked and answered-where did the
Hawaiian Islands come from? How
came they there, left alone, in the
middle of the great Pacific?
That carries us back many millions of
years. What is the cause of the deep
hollow of the Pacific Ocean, which
covers half the globe? One likely an
swer is, that when. in the course OF the
evolution of our solar system, the moon
separated from the earth, flew off
from it, 1t escaped from that side of
the earth where now is the Pacific
Ocean. Then, say some astronomers.
the outer crust of the earth had be-
gun to harden, the equator bulged
much more than 1t now does, and the
velocity of revolution was much greater
than now, and the separation of that
portion of the earth which has made
the moon caused the first great break
ing up of the earth's crust and raised
the great Eastern Continent opposite
the hollow left to be filled by the wa
ters of the Pacific, while a portion of
the crust that remained broke off from
Asia and moved westward to form the
American continent.
The specific gravity of the rocks on
the surface of the earth averages about
81. while that of the total earth is as
high as Sc. This shows that the ligh-
surface, and the heavier are toward the |
center. Now, the specific gravity of the |
moon is 3.4. When the moon was flung |
off from the earth. at time when the |
earth's shape was much more clip |
soldal, and II was revolving in four |
hours, instead of twenty -four, the CEN
trifugal force which threw off the ma
terial of the moon must have taken a
n m q do 10 nf hn tutlt tnV-
crust, and not little of the heavier
specific gravity 10 3.4. Now. to return
10 Hawaii, we find that the specific
gravity of the upper part OF the noun
-ain, Mauna Loa. is 81. while that of
the lower part is 81 This may be
explained from the fact that this ma
.erial comes from the lower level of the
rust of the earth. left under the ocean
when the moon escaped. while the up
Der portion comes from volcanic scoria.
rhe volcanoes of Hawaii are caused by
he thinner crust OF the earth under
he ocean, just as those along the edges
II the continents are due to the cracks
n the breaking of the strata that had
heir first origin when the continents
we're created by the pushing and
rowding and moving OF the crust OF
he earth when the moon was flung OF.
The authority for this theory OF the
rigin OF the Pacific Ocean 10 our most
astronomer. Prof. w. II.
OF Harvard Observatory.
Tho in these conclusions develops the
OF Prof. George II. Darwin. C
nd whose discussion may be found In u
late paper entitled Tho Place and /
'rigin OF the Moon" Just now II In h
srests us for Hawaii's sake. II has a
cen nippantly remarked that II must v
OF be suggested that. because the ,
loon came from Hawaii. the people OF a
hose islands are lunAtlos. for all the Y
macy was carried on. and thars We q