davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1907-05-30
SHIPPING NEWS.
Port of New York, Wednesday, May 30, 'O7.


Steamer Moro Castle. Downs Havana MAY 90 to the
New YORK and Cuba steamship Company passen
steamer Cegonia ODD Pritchard Liverpool May n and
led With 400 cabin ana 6 eease Lima
steamer seminoie marmioS Azu IN Nav IS sano DO
minso City TO- Macors 81 sauchez SANTANA % Porto
Clyde Steamship Company with 80 passengers mails and
Steamer jupiter @ Garrett 2S @aDa az ss MAY % to
ID Munson with sugar Arrived a. the Bar at midnight
steam steamer Lisgra dag Ma,tna May IL and
i9S seease passengers and mdse Arrived the Bar
., Steamer ,S ahominy B Clarke. Lmon May
70 the untea Fruit company with one passenger and
steamer Kish lRp Robertson Baltimore May 27. to
steamer cqs az BID Thomas Moendo March IL africa
fsG APF sn8 s n1 Spone 10 Puq,a arenas
win snfee passengers and mdse Arrived Bar at
Steamer Kaiser wilhelm der Crosse ,Ger v.,t,r
r rfeS Nay ~ s Sou and cherbog % to Gel
and Arrived at hS Bar aU at % passengers
Nav ia Colon s,Sd d tGeT1 Brambeer. Port
american Line with 40 passengers mails and mdse As
Steamer Chesapenke Deano Baltimore. to Fl G Foster
Steiner 5R5S kr6y Perth Amboy to tn.
passed in QUARANTINE ana ad 5a6ns Company in
e5sa sa S 8an. cgg9Ron rarde May H.
with Al passengers and mdse the Bar al ~
Steamer Jefferson Dole Newport News and Norfolk 70
o e Uid pomnlon IS Co. with passengers mdse Left
Steamer Panama, Corning, cri.tobai May % 10 N.
mdse. Arrived at the Bar 2:2O p m ' mans ana
steamer Laura tAust 3.al4 Trias,a NJ
90 atras 10 to Phelps BIOS Co with IO9 cabin
hd loso steerase passengers and mdse.
Bar at 1 30 p m. ' -A'ii'eu AT the
Steamer Oceanic (Br), paddock Liverpool Nav % ana
queenstown - TO the White Star Line. with 35s cabin
the Bar at 4 AS m. ~ FNilNeu at
coo@6o aG gds g a' Port soa csleg
Island Sound 'e Via Long
sfsn ner Soaling SBr Hnghes carderas May is and
10 Daniel Bacon Arrived at the Bar a p M vessel
9 , Steamer El Alba, Quick Galveston MAY % 70 thu
at GOT m. $3.50 Ae'' quarantine
steamer Sieania dtaD. Romano Messlna Anrtl OF
s'fflls GaS T. N2ssina l. and IalsSno ii. 10 Hirxel
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1907-05-30
TRAN SPACIFIc MAILS.

, Destination and steamer. Close IN y. Y
Hawaii. Guam Philippine
Via Franciscol-U Transport Jun. l. l2:3o a m
Japan. Corea, China and Philippine
ands (via Vancouver Victoria
b. C)--Empress Of China ..........June s 400 m
Japan. Corea and China Especially ad-
dressed only. via Seattle) Kaga
Meru June 5. 600 m
dressed only via Tao9ma,-Yanstsze juno g. m
lppins Islands (via San Franciscol-
DoriG June I. II $50 m
Samoan Islands. FIJI Islands and New
Caledonia (via Vancouver and Vic
toTla b. C)Aorangi. .............J June IS GOO m
Tahiti and Marquesaa Islands Cvia san
Francisco)-Martposa o. 1880 m
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1907-05-30
FRIEOE GLOBE MAN CONVICTED

Henry R. Wade, ex-treasurer of the Friede c.,ob
rover Company was found guilty of grand larceny
IN the first degree yesterday by jury in Part ~
OF General Sessions Judge Grain immediately sem
fenced Wade TO two years and FIVE months at sng
oiiis' wade while treasurer of the concern which
Is building the tower at Coney Island received
check sent to the company by George {, The
me creek was for $3.50 and payable 10 the Freda
1Iope rover Company. Wade. as trea sllrer NJ re
company admitted that he cashed this CHECK ard
Kept the S25D He said that the companv ou,ad
nm that sum OF money. The prosecution said that
w ade was guilty of grand larceny; that he had no
rlsi4o 10 Keep the money under any circumstancAsi
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1907-05-30
MISS RING GOES ON STAND.

MRS. Naomie Duncombe Ring. who created much
comment some months ago by marrying a man
many years her junior. took the stand YESTERDAY
in the trial Of the suit against her husband AZ
White Plains 20 set aside deed to property valued
at $4,000, including the Mount Vernon Opera Housa
She said she was forced TO sign the deed wtbou,
knowing its contents and that she did nor wish
TO marry her husband. During the trial MANY
amusing incidents concerning Mrs Rings visits
to the racetracks and her "plunges' were related
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1907-05-30

Felmann & Co. with mdse Arrived the Bar a.
100 m
Charleston 81, to the Clyde S Company with passen-
and mdse. Left Quarantine at 0:26 o M
Sandy Hook. May 20. $50 p m-wind northwest fresh
breeze: clear.
SAILED
Steamers NieuW Amsterdam Dutch. Rotterdam via
Boulosnei Cftta dt Miano ltaD.
tonic tbr Liverpool via Queenstown; Cearense (Br).
barbados, Para, Atlantis
Port Antonio; Navigator Nor Windsor s: Nicholas
Cuneo (Nor Port Antonlo Camoens tBegl Manchester.
Alamo Galveston Comus. Orleans: Dorothy knight,
Key; Georgetown. Newport News
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1907-05-30
FRANK ROCKEFELLER FILES APPEAL

Sc Louis. May 2s.-Frank Rockefeller brother ~
John D. Rockefeller, to-day filed in the Circuit
Court an appeal in his suit against Henry Gross
mlpng promoter, to recover S250Ooo which he
says ne PAID Tor the Gobbler lead mine In Sou,b-
"est NlSsoarI the case was tried some time ago
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1907-05-30
MARINE INTELLIGENCE.
MINIATURE ALMANAC.

MINIATURE ALMANAC.
sun rises 33 Moon rises 50 Moons age 10
HIGH WATER.
a M-Sandy Hook 955 He'll Gate IL so
p A-Ssndy 1912 Gov. Island He'll al
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1907-05-30
Proposals.

DRoPOsALs FOR REPAIRS AND ADDITIONS TO
L STATUE OF LLBERTY.-FORT WOOD. " Y. II.
May l. IsO7-Seaed proposals. tripcste. making
Additions Statue OF Liberty. including
filling grading. repairs concrete work. furnishing
Installing elevator painting steel framework
structng walks and steps furnishing settees dredging
making repairs and constructing house and
fence on wharf received post
A. NJ !. 1907 The U 5 reserves the right 70 re
all bids Information furnished Rpplica
Envelopes containing proposals should be Endorsed
the undersigned. @ g. BURNELL. Consts.
NJ
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1907-05-30

.DROPosALs FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT FIXTURES.
etc-Fort Wood, y. Y. II. April g. l0O7-Ssaled
proposals In tripcate for furnishing and installing
in buildings this
. a. m. /
1907 The u. the right reject any all
Information furnished application. En-
velopes containing proposals should be Endorsed Pro
posal electric light hXures and addressed the
UNDERLINED G. c. pURNELL Consts. Or. Mr..
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1907-05-30

~ bia. Washington. May "a 1s07-Sealed proposals
Will be received at this ONCE until II NJ
June II. 1907. for constructing junction OF
trunk Forms, specifications necessary in
forma ton be obtained at Room Az District Build
ing Washington. d. c. HENRY r. r. MACFARIAND
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1907-05-30

OFFICE OF THE COMMISSIONERS. d. G. WASH
~ inston May % 19OI.-Sealed proposals will be
received this office until l. O'Clock. noon.
Is. 1907. construction a concrete-,teel
bridge across the track OF the Baltimore and Ohio
Railroad Company the line OF Monroe street ex-
tended, Anacostia. II. c Bridge will have a span
II feet and VIII contain approximately "a OF steel
and 1000 cubic yards OF Blank forms OF pro-
posal specifications and all necessary information
he obtained Room a. District Building 3 F.
MCFARLAND. II L WEST JAY J. MORROW. Com
m C
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1907-04-30
I'M THE GASES
BY FRANK &. CARPENTER
Copyright, 1906, byFrank G.. Carpenter.

SPOTS OF THIS DESERT or
SAHARA
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1907-04-30
Hon W W kit.i,in Delivers an Nj
dress at thc commencement
Ixsrci@c@.

Clarkt"n. ~. a. Aprii ? The com
ncnCemeut exercises of Gtafkipn
Academy took place this week ana
were largely attended.
ON Tuesday night the music students
rendered Il most excellent program
coustrttug Of Is number of HclsCi4ohN.
both vocal aud instrumental
The literary address A5H delivered
On WcdnesdHY bY Hon w " Kitrhiu.
member ~ Congress from ih" Fifth
district The speaker waH Introduced
by Dr Evans. who made "A hit by anJ-
ing that although the InAt I.Kiaiittur*
went on record nr oppoHlnR an nppr"-
priatiuu for enlarging the state chpi-
tel the people were determined that
there would b" kitchtn added after
the next election.
on Wednesday night was the annual
concert
The session just closed has been "A
most successful one The TEACHER
have been Prof q Z Eingleiafy pfiu-
opal. Misc Miriam AcFayd'.n. primary
department ANA Miss Gertrud" Nc
Fayd"n music
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1907-04-30
CONSTRUCTION AND
COST or GOOD ROADS

finished roadway Of stone sur
face or sand-clay, should present i
workmanlike appearance in straight
lines and regular curves. It's grades
should be as continuous as practical
Die, without unSightly humps and de-
prcssions. 1t should be 50 pleasing in
appearance that they who have built
1T ana the taxpayer who has furn-
ished the money win be proud of the
result ana speak of our fine roads
as all do in Mecklenburg. But the
road once built cannot be abandoned
70 its fate 1t must be cared for.
There are two methods OF repairing
roads, the continuous method and the
intermittent. The continuous method
IS 70 keep a man in charge Of Ger
tain section at all times as is done on
the railways. This is the cheapest and
most effective method. 1t is the pre-
Ncntlon of road destruction and not
the repair Of it. This man is com
monty III charge Of about five miles
Of road and may be Il resident and
farmer on the section. He may be
employed to give his entire time to
the road or to give only such time as
viii keep 1T in repair, bitches clean,
weeds cut away, rutS filled, stone
raVels stopped. Whether it viii re-
quire all Of mis- time or Il portion viii
depend upon thOrOughneSS of con-
Struction ana amount of traffic. The
ether method is to put a large force on
repairs, once q year perhaps. But in
twelve months a scar which might
have been repaired with a shovel of
material has become dangerous hole
an obstruction and menace. 1t is bet
ter not to build expensive roads than
having built them to abandon them
To their fate.
Ia order to do good economical work
in any undertaking there must be
proper organization This is true of
road building as of other enterprises.
We Will assume that the town or
county is about to spend 100000 on
reads. There is great enthusiasm.
Meetings of citizens have been held.
Speeches have been made. CommiS-
$ioners ana committees have been
| elected or appointed. These new mem
berS are holding one meeting every
| day and sometimes two. But the work
will have not progressed far when
| these worthy men will find their own
business demanding time and the pub
| lie business, for which they are paid
nothing, fast becoming a bore. BY the
| end Of a year it will be almost i'm
! possible to get a quorum together for
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1907-04-30

.=st SIS vwa s,az Ii he aas kefs hss
sFafevftk rrafeI fnf ass asrFAge aHhs.
a2 Fvwte8 or H@aa hr hse Fes r8tra tta
eHe ST. anesf th~ s@m ereuf lU sm
~ sNe favafs az esFursc. Pr skefN ast+
3aF aHruG Jas Improvement BE- 4a t-r at+
- r. ths csas x construction wltR#uf
rge3st4uE akasus8 soeh abemai TaFvn8s
snare AnF patti ~ auHasE earning.
thrn aw ready e. adusa i1at e0v7
see $50 fssf mstlv nax auf represent
tbo esset - ronhs Ftsetlou
tfHt ! eahmh That @neh trts.ess te
uat Ecg51 naaf~ ara pfapfr eab ts
ascertain a.1uAt csseR 80 te0rfrNt tt.fn
a. drtzfm4H4uF Nhaf sFv 5uat rat
aud charge tmp pr4sHettaaa mlst4s
- enusAdrre1
fsa " nat - tho aetaat vsst -
oeuHtruE &n u8umuh ~s tne4rt
worth advanced as huudHvt8rrs azi
stock neideta. of tn fa&F aui reasonable
dlNtdeGsts aurrru1sFea Is atssin tar
lile u.sroN ~fuwBt 81 their pf~p~ttt
@ud WHAT r she aetuaI Naluss -
thU~s properties az fhi~ tus
ieNNlh4F neither 0iEw H0f tNF other
proposition Would HgultTartsS EoNe-n
rates ~ can readily hr neru, I thtnh
hoW both should enfpf inTo th. quen
t.en - determine" iuns @nH reAnnnatss~
rates 1854 surely. from thjH pFopH-
sst4ou thsF. shuuta bs ma diH#t.af
to-Wtt. that nu sommoa carrier aisauti
bt permitted - exact trnfu the public
dividends upun stock Nh3sh reure.
seuts nothing. that lf common pgosk
sU i railroad costs th~ uAnrr thtfrasr
ouiN xe- per share iu constructing tfr
r1ad then ih rxiuE the yates So AuA
not sIuu should be thc valuation RIk-
iii - vaeG stock that lu Huth ,aRe
Il proper mud legal rWto would ltc
ju~t aud reasonable return upon ..
ana not upuu st0u. that ~ sach stae@
represents nothing then it should nnf
be considered At all iu a~rEgt8tutts 4
cost II construction ar tn rNiuE fatr~
N.uturcd tie statement "u &he
iinor of the house that suE pfenssttt
law Is d make-ahlft bvsaur" 81 q - >
not protect ih. small shipper ''nt
RooaeNtit haN received large tTcfit
FOR -mnli performance The more ]
study hr bil tho tHutc l aW ra1
Ninced az itH impotency nud ~ ITS nr
o,aaltY for ruppIeneutAt Legislation
I said then that Nsm" agency shout J
be inN Ncated with poWct ana rhHrEs !
! WITH TIE duty OF seciaR tazA All - -
ar. Just ans reasonable. that .Aett
| shipper largo and small. should have
| The saiiafactiou Of knowing that he Is
not paving more than he should utFd"r
Tie law. ana that IL should u" TIE DAT
of some governmental agency - n"
! that the smallest shipper te dealt wiih
! fairly without forcing him g. e. Int
court The iaw iS juNt. but the ma
| chfnerv 10 enforce ia" ;aa tu rnA
/ humbie judgment y ~o"fallt d"a
Client
Respectfully.
EDWARD ~ Ppr
+ Smithdcld. = 81. Aprii 20. is",
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1907-04-30

ing diverse orders and jacklng up. II
the general manager is Incompetent
he should be fired II he is 10 be re-
tanned he should be actually "a well
as nominaity in charge. With every
member of the board supporting him.
SO that every subordinate on the job
would be IN no stoubt rs to whom he is
WORKING Tor. - good results may D.
expected from a general manager who
IS not free 10 employ ana dismiss his
subordinate such Il one is not th.
boss, and What he says does not go.
And il Is needless 10 add tt.at no en-
2ineer of standing would remain in
such an anomalous position
Under the authority OF this engineer
there would be an office clerk and the
superintendcnts having charge OF
teams ana Iaborers on the works.
But assuming that the work viii not
Justify the exclusive attention of en-
g:ncer and general manager. and that
the road once located Will have the
engineers inspection but not his man
agenent 1t viii be desirable that the
clerk Of the board should become a
petty executive, dispatching all details
incidental To purchasing and paying
for supplies ana reporting to the
board. This clerk should be a man of
good business qualifications and not
q rundown politician or cigarette
smoking youth. he should have judg-
nent and some executive ability so
that he can act without referring every
detail to his superiOrs who may not
bC in reach and are sure to be busy
with their own daily business. This
organization is efficient only when the
chairman Of the board is prepared to
give much time to the supervision of
the work.
The party who makes out pay-roll+
ana vouchers should never under any
circumstances be the same who
handles the cash i'm payment Witl
this organization the superintendent
of laborerS should report to the chair
man of the board and not to the
clerk.
The outfit for good road work
should INCLUDE quarTying and stone
crushing plant. steam roller. sprink-
ling wagon, tank and small steam
pump ten wheel scrapers. dozer
slips, railroad ploW, road machine, tel
dump wagons, several carts, ano
tewnty-four big mules with necessary
harness Without a full and efficient
outfit cost Of work Will be increased
II conVcts shall be used quarters %
course, must be provided.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1907-04-30
FOURTH PAPER.
By John W. Hays, Civil Engineer.

the transaction % the most urgent
business. The accounts viii lie IN con-
fusion supply people Will he clam
Cring for money. The man who Is
handling the labor cannot get instruc-
tlOnS and Sips along, indifferent 10 re-
suits. The .,hole business IS IN con-
fusion. This ~ the condition to be
expected when there has been no or
gaHization effected for such large
work. and where those directly inter
ested have assumed that tile oreaniza-
ton which has carried along the little
town or county business Will stlSo con-
tinue 10 be effective.
Some one must be employed and
paid To give strict attention to all the
thousand and one matters Incidental %
diSburSing This money and getting this
work done. This person may be the
Engineer IN Charge" if the work
shall be sufficient in magnitude to
employ such an officer economically,
in which case he shall have charge as
lenera! manager, reporting at monthly
intervals 10 the Board Of Directors,
ramely, the Town OF County Official
Body. The relations of this General
Manager ard Board of Directors shall
be that prevailing in all large business
undertakings; that is, all details shall
Be under direction OF the General Man
ager, but rs plans shall be subject
TO approval by the board, his manage
ment subject to review ana criticism.
and his accounts audited. This Gen
erai Manager handles no money. All
pay-rolls made out by him, and all
vouchers for supplies ordered by him,
should be sent to the board for audit
ing and payment. To effect this audit
ing most economically the board has
4 clerk, responsible only 10 them, who
receives ANA auditS the bills sent from
engineer, and il urgent, promptly pays
them by draft on some deposit made
by the board to his credit. This draft
may be endorsed by the chairman of
the directors. if the amounts involved
are liable to be large At the monthly
meeting all these accounts shall be
passed upon by he full board and APP
proved or disapprovtd. A few press
ing items viii have been already paid
ly the clerk, such as freight, or weekly
pay-rollS. But the bulk of purchases
can wait for the auditing by the fun
board, monthly. There should be no
intermeddling with the subordinate
force of employees by the individual
| members Of the board. Nothing 50
surely and quickly demoralizes a
| working force as several bosses, Civ
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1907-04-30
READY IOI. MASONIC RALLY.
u inSton Celebration VIII bs Attended
by Delegate from Thirty Lodge

Knstou. y g April - Arrange
utrnts are practically cr zpietrd for
the big Masonic rally IN t5.H ciiy nen'
wednesday Mas 4 auS a great time
Is expected Thirty lodges are 90
Hrcted 20 BE- here - partlclrafe he th"
celebration and probably Geo M
cons viii be here
The court house where the district
meeting viii be held and The work
exemplinsd Tusadny night ia deco
rated ana bunting Hiil be dlsp.ussd
ia abundance III various parts II tho
city. NJ ii ~ Cumming. ssho ls
chairman of the refreshmeut commit
tec. IL making every effort to carry out
his part ~ tn" program Hs never be-
fore. and Aaspur and GatnlIice who
attend are assured q splendid dinner
At kuott.E Warrhous.
The rest ~ the program i- being
equally Well looked after and there
IS no doubt that the Masonic raiiy 'ht~
gear VIII equal II rot excel ans hereto
fore had ln the city.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1907-04-30

cotton ANA some wheat and barley. a
large part of its date crop is brought
by caravans up the valley Of the S1-
DORA by way of Igell to the railroad
at this point and shipped from here
nOrthWard to Oran and thence to
Europe
These oases are a great center of
the caravan trade. They lie about
eight hundred miles from Timbuktu
in the Soudan and like distance from
Mogador on the Atlantic, from Tangier
from Tripoll on the Mediterranean,
The French are now trying to divert
the Tripoll caravan trade to their
Tunisian port Of Gabes, the route To
which is much shorter.
\ Great Morocco Oasis
About the best dates known to the
world come from Tafilet situated
west of here in Morocco. They are
very large and sweet and they are
shipped in great quantities to Europe
as It'd bits for the holiday season.
Tafilet. like Tuat. comprises a mum
Der of separate oaseS, having alto
gether three hundred fortified villages
Its chief town is Abuam, Which has
the largest market Of the western Sa
hara. 1t is q great caravan center and
it sends two immense caravans every
year to Timbuktu. which lies almost
a thousand miles directly south of it
In the past there was considerable =
trade between Tafilct ana Figuig. tho
dates coming there and then going
on to the north: but this has noN
been diverted to Beni ounf AMI
COiOmb Bechar 10 take advantage of
the cheaper railroad rates.
The people Of Tafilet are independ
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1907-04-30

ent and warlille. they are fanatical
MohammedanS and they are now
causing no end OF trouble to the Sai-
tan of Morocco. The governor of the
oasis is said to be preaching Il holy
war and to be organizing raids to
cross over into Algeria and assault
the French. The Algerian papers are
full of the schemes of these war pre-
paratiOns ana the troops here are pre-
pairing to give them hot reception.
A caravan was attacked by Tafilct
brigands a few days ago and an inva-
sion seems imminent. Sooner or later
the French will have to take posses
sion. of Tafilet or the powers Of Eu-
rope will have to control its peopl".
1t has with its surroundings Il popu-
latiOn of more than Il million and its
people are about the worst in Moroc-
co The family of the Sultan comes
from that region and the Tafiletit"s
have a great influence over all parts
of Morocco.
The oaSes there are due to several
causes | understand they have both
springs and wells, and that the south
ern portions of the country are va
tered by underground rivers. fed ~
the inner slopes of the Atlas.
Railroads Versus Caravans.
This town of Colomb- Bechar * 2.
the end of the railroad. ana caravans
from all this Dart of the Sahara bring
their goods here To be shipped north
| understand that the railroad is pay
ing and that Notwithstanding u Ma
built as a military necessity. AbDu'
three wears ago a plan was proposed q
push the line on = Ilmbuktu.
Continued on Page Four.)
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1907-04-30

America. They are a sort of dry date
for years. The dates sent to the United
States are of q soft variety Sc full Of
juice that they are often drained be-
fore they are packed. other dates
might be called table dates These are
delicious when eaten fresh from the
trees. We have them new every day
at our dinner and served at breakfast
with the coffee and rolls. They are q
fat yellow date. as sweet as sugar
and as plump as prune before it is
pressed.
The Gases of Tuat.
Among the oases fed by dried rivers
those of Tuat produce about the best
dates although their product is not
so good as the dates of Taflet, which
lies at some distance from here in
Morocco.
Tuat is now controlled by the
French 1t has TuaregS on camelS un-
der the employ of the Algerian gov
ernment, patrollng it to keep order,
and its people have become peaceful
and thriving.
Tuat is not one oasis only 1t is COM :
posed Of five large groups of oases in
the very center of the Sahara, COM
priSing three or four hundred petty
states. 1t is scattered over a region
as big as Indiana. and it has alto
gether q population of 10000 Arabs.
Berbers and blacks. The people of
Tuat govern themselves much as do
those of Figuig. Each aosis has its
own officers, and altogether they are
Il set of little republics with q united
council over the whole, and all sub
ject to the control of the French.
Toat produces opium, tobacco and