davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1907-11-24
OWNED BY GOVERNMENT
Uncle Sam Has More Utilities than
Many Suppose.

In the discussion of the policy of government
ownership of public utilities some participants
seem to neglect completely one of the most
interesting features of the subject-the extent
10 which the national government is already
engaged in such activities Not one citizen in
a thousand probably is aware that the govern
ment at Washington has already become the
owner and operator of transportation lines sys-
TENS Of communication and even more purely
commercial establishments Still less is the
general public aware Of the extent, Importance
and value Of these governmental undertakings.
Nevertheless, it is a fact that Uncle Sam is
to-day the owner and manager of thousands Of
miles OF cable, telegraph and telephone lines;
that he owns and operates "a busy railway sys-
tenn and an ocean steamship line; that he is
already conducting postal savings system. and
that even cold storage plants, slaughter houses
artificial ice works and distilling plants are
among the enterprises under his management
not TO mention farms and tenement houses.
stores. sawmills, sanatoriums, hospitals Libraries
New-York tribune., 1907-11-24
HUMANITY IN WAR.

In the gas engine also offers oppOrtu-
nifty for humanitarianism. The steam torpedo
boat or destroyer, is fitted with high pressure
stear, pipes and machinery. and the slightest
break in these may mean an escape OF steam
which viii kill the whole crew. Stealth is also
important in a torpedo boat. the smaller the
bulk the less the liability of detection or dam
age from shot With gas engines displacement
can be reduced One-half and the same efficiency
preserved. The Russians for instance. wanted
a boat that could be loaded on single fiat car,
be seawOrthy. have a speed of % knots and a
power radius Of one thousand miles. After Eng
lish and German firms had said it could not be
done an American ship builder constructed boats
so feet long which made 21 knots. could travel
two thousand miles and carry more guns than
were required. To prove Il they sent one over
under its own power.
"GasOlene to-day is a much maligned sub
stance; it is really IDEAL for mans purposes
liquid gas We have other gas giving sub
stances-crude oil and kerosene. though kero-
sene engines, because il takes time TO start
them. are not as popular with hurrying Ameri-
cans with Englishmen. There is also alcohol
which can be made out of any vegetation which
will ferment. like pumpkin rinds or old grapes.
There is still another gas. called producer gas.
made by drawing air through a banked coal
fire washing il anc using II 10 a gas engine.
The geological survey mas found that the poorer
varieties Of coal and the lignites answer adnira-
bly, for this gas which seems to be a coming
factor in the commercial and humanitarian d.
gelopment'
New-York tribune., 1907-11-24
EACH STATE HAS ITS QUOTA.

But now competitive examinations, modelled
after those of the Civil Service. are required.
Each state has designated quota of appointees
TO the corps. arranged in proportion to popula-
tion. Thus New York will hereafter be entitled
10 twice as many consular appointments as Mis-
souri,, four times as many Alabama, and so
on. AS vacancies occur the President desig-
mates from states whose quotas are not full the
names of citizens who may compete for entrance
into the corps. He designates these men simply
for examination, and not for appointment. as
heretofore, and those who pass are enrolled upon
the eligible register kept at the State Depart
ment
No one under twenty one or over fifty may be
designated Tor examination Az intervals all
who have been designated since the last eXami-
nation are ordered TO the Civil Service Commits
own travelling expenses 10 and from the capital.
The chief examiner of the commission is a mem
Der Of the special board chosen by the President
TO examine them, and that their competition is
no cut-and-dried affair is best shown by a list
OF the subjects in which they questioned:
Modern Ian uages-French. German or Span-
ish
Natural, industrial and commercial resources
and commerce Of the United States
International maritime and comme.c .cial law.
American history, government and institutions.
Political and commercial geography.
Political economy
Modern history Csince 1850 OF Europe South
America and the Far East
Arithmetic.
An oral examination is also held at the De-
other members Of the board-Nr. Carr and the
Third Assistant Secretary of State. This is
conducted to determine the character, DISPOSE
tion address. manners, health. personal appear
New-York tribune., 1907-11-24
ORIGIN OF WORD "QU1CK.
Traced Back to the Sirteenh
CeniIrU.

The original and acquired meanings Of many
old word have been cleared up in the law
courts. When last week ''quack'' had its turn Sir
Edward Clarke, who was probably quoting die
tonary defined this word as IA boastful pretend
er To medical Skill 'Quack' is undoubtedly
|, derived by suggestion from the 111lackfnrr ,,f
duck; the ouacE doctor has aiu,4,,S NiIs UI
volublity for knowledge. "Quacker' and 'quaCk-
ing cheat sixteenth century words "OuacL'-
in its present sense is certainly as old aS ISgS
when II was included in the earliest of our slang
dictionaries. The original word was 'quacksalver'
a tT'yeIlinE eH1piriS who quacked about his salves
anu according TO Henley and Farmer. the drama
tisi Wyeheriy first Shortened this word 10
The full term quack doctor. is found at leas.
as early carly as lIlCi when these words We're used as
ute 10 tne Earl of Rochester's 'mountebank
npGIeman he is always called witty and prohgate)
and appear to the mob on Tdwer HiH as aSaG
doctor. Ibe speech be made on that occasion has
has gained nothing since.
II is not all printable in these polite pages but
the following passage will show its character:
The cures have done are as incredible as in
TO cost the good iady the 5eron "lG of her nd ni NE
bone l cur'd the Empress of Boomapo Of a cranip
she got IN her tongue by eating pork and butter'd
parsnips; ] cur'd an alderman of Grand Cairo of a
scarlet; burning raging fever. Of which he dy'd.
cur d the Emperor of Morocco who lay seven years
sick of the plague; l cur'd him in - minutes sn
that he danc'd the serabrand, fiphap. and Somer-
pains he presented me with 5000 Hungarian fucnts
and a Turkish cymete@. Nerbum sat sapienti.. No
l doubt very much whether Sir Edward Clarke
right in saying that the word ''quack' was re-
word is not likely TO have been dropped. though in
Carlyle's vocabulary OF denuncation it certainly
took Importance II from = court of
law. by the way that Carlyle obtained the word
gig which. with feroCious elee. he never ceased
to a symbol of SNUG TeSpectabilitv Tho
trial Of Thurtel at HertfOrd AssiZes for the muir
der of Mr.. Weare produced the following dialogue:
What sort of person Mr. Weave?'
''He always most respectable person"
What do you mean by respectabe?'
He kept gig
Carlyles sardonic humor seized on this. and ever
after. when he was StOrming at Representatives.
and unrealities gigs were not far from his mind
He even applied the word "gigmanitv'' to those
classes of society which held the gig" ideal-John
O'London in The Taller.
New-York tribune., 1907-11-24
BURIAL PLACE UNKNOWN.

His body was among the first TO be laid away
on Burial Hill. No to-day knows exactly
where in the cemetery the dust Of the founder
Of Harvard University lies, for the spot is not
marked by any stone. II not until 1928
that the obeIsk. which had been secured
through the efforts OF the alumni of Harvard,
headed by Edward Everett, was unveiled on
the anniversary Of his death.
The date Of the beginning Of his life was hid
den in almost as much obscurity as the loca-
ton of his dust. It was only after the most
diligent research that he finally identified
with the John Harvard whose baptism No
vember 20, 1907, is entered the records Of
ST. Saviour's Parish, Southwark. London. 1t is
surrnised that his birth occurred November
26 as il was the custom in Shakespeare's time
TO baptize child three days after its birth 1t
is on November 26. therefore, that the chief
feature of the celebration which is to be held
this week at Boston will take place.
CuriousIy. almost as much is known about the
parents of the learned young clergyman as
about the man whose act made it worth while
20 learn something about them. The father
was Robert Harvard a butcher of Southwark,
with a shop near Chaucer's Tabard Inn. Several
families of that name. which was spelled differ
emily By the different families were living IN
the place at the time. Some OF these were
butchers while others were innkeepers. John
Harvard's father died of the plague in 1623,
when the son was nearly eighteen years Old.
That butcher was at that time not necessarily
OF low estate socially is indicated by the fact
that Robert Harvard held at different times the
Offices of vestryman and warden in his church
and was governor of ST. Saviour's Grammar
School, which, possibly. his son John attended
The mother was Katherine Rogers, whose
family were neighbors of the Shakespeares al
Etratford- -on-Avon. She was married thete 10
New-York tribune., 1907-11-24
FOREIGN LANGUAGE ESSENTIAL.

Languages are now an essential entrance INTO
the service. Unless a man has mastered al least
one modern foreign tongue he cannot even take
the examination.
Naturalized Americans are no longer to be ac-
credited as consuls TO their native countries,
This is another OF Secretary Roots recent re-
forms In no country will our interests be
guarded by any one whose loyalty will not be
entirely with the United States, come what
come may.
Graduates of the consular school Will now go
directly to posts paying either $1,000 or 5000
a year There seventy posts paying the
smaller sum and siXty-one the larger
These I31 consulshos are to be reserved
exclusively for graduates. They include such
comfortable berths those at Madrid, Niagara
Falls (CanadaJ and Venice. and yet such
isolated posts Tahiti, Zanzibar and Sierra
Leone. In exceptional cases where graduates,
although tWenty-Onc, appear too immature to be
appointed full fledged Consuls at once. they ma y
be appointed consular clerks at an entrance
salary of only $1,000. with an increase of 500
a year UP 10 81 500 Having served as such in
various posts until thoroughly seasoned. they
will after a year or two be appointed cOnsuls
without further examinations
Entering the service. whether as "a consul or
a consular clerk, the graduate OF the new con-
sular school now receives as permanent ap-
pointment as though he entered the classified
Civil Service Appointments 10 the higher
grades Of consulships, paying from 5000 TO
SS.pDO, and of consul EeneralShipS paying up 10
S12ODD. are TO be made by promotion. Of
course a future President could under existing
law. restore matters 10 the old "spois system
basis. but this IS unlikely.
New-York tribune., 1907-11-24
& MODEL CONSULATE.

The consular schoolroom is arranged to rep
resent model consulate There are pigeon
holes containing all official forms which the
American consul uses-biIls of health invoices
and the like-arranged as they should be accord
hereafter TO prevail in the consular corps. There
are shelves Of the reference books needed by each
consul, and their uses are fully explained There
are also three large registers in which under the
new naturalization law, each American citizen
residing in a consular district must enter his
name. There is bookkeeping desk. with one
land accounts, and each student consul must
make up and balance a typical set of accounts
before leaving the school.
Aside from the special lectures there is rou-
tine Of instruction in official consular regula-
1ions, conducted daily by Augustus E Ingram
who has had experience in eight or ten impor-
liant consulates and who is an expert in con-
Sular procedure In instilling the details of the
regulations he uses the ease system" which
some modern law schools are now substituting
theucdl cases based upon important questions
which have lately arisen in various consulates
are stated TO the students. who are asked how
they would act under similar circumstances
Just before leaving the school the new conslIls
get final lecturing on tact and discretion
lromptness IN reporting foreign trade openings
Tor Americans, etc, by Wilbur J. Carr lately
appointed TO the general direction of the con
su!ar service, and by Herbert c. Hengstler new
chlef OF the consular bureau and principal OF
the consular school.
The full course occupies thirty davs Con-
gress years ago provided by law that a newly
appointed consul should receive his salary for
an instruction period of thirty days spent in
tne United states just prior to starting for his
post This law has hitherto remained a dead
New-York tribune., 1907-11-24
GAS TO REPLACE BOILERS.

The steam engine in boat takes up weight
and space, is dirty. dusty hot and its smoke dis
agreeable. II takes human strength and en-
durance To run it. Think Of what it would mean
TO be able TO replace it with gas engines without
boilers, which spare strength, do not tax endUT-
anCe with heat and need chiefly brains to oper-
ate. Any one who has been in the boiler room
of one of the high speed Atlantic liners knows
the strain the men under. how they work
with SCOT and dirt and perspiratiOn matted on
their faces, and go out into the cold air and
shorten their lives. If we can emaucipate these
men it is a great development There are al
ready about twenty-siX thousand gas driven
boats in the United States. The largest of these
is the 4.OO0-ton NOrthland. which brings the
rolls of paper for the New York newspapers
from the Maine pulp mills A strange develop
ment is a large power fishing boat which now
puts out from Gloucester 10 the Banks. She gets
there ahead of the sailing craft and move
about at will But if the catch is running light
when she gets her tanks half full OF fish III.
fishermen hitch up the engine to dynamo.
start a wireless apparatus working. pick up
Boston. and, if the market for fish is high,
in and sells her half catch at high prices.
In Holland. on the canals. there are five thou
sand such boats. many of them used as freight
ers. A maker of automobile bodies tells me he
can load chassis one of these boats and
ship it twelve miles for % cents.
New-York tribune., 1907-11-24
CAME TO NEW ENGLAND. 7

This step evidently was preparatory to COM
ing TO the colony at Boston. Again one has TO
euess as il is not known exactly when John
Harvard and his bride sailed for America Dut
II is supposed TO have been some time between
February IS and May 5. 1887 His name appears
in the town records under date of August g. 1881
when permission was given TO the learned young
man to become an inhabitant of Charlestown
On November 2, the same year, according TO the
records of the town. he took oath as free
man. Four days later he and his wife Joined
the church" He was brought into close rela-
New-York tribune., 1907-11-24
Copyright. 1907, by John Elfreth Watkins


Washington, Nov. % (SpeciaD.-The new,
school for consuls recently conceived bv Score
tary Root, is now open and a class of nine mon
IS in attendance This educational institution
unique IN America, occupies a room in the con-
sular bureaus suite, on the first floor of the De-
partment OF State Building
Inc nine student-consuls daily group them
selves about a long table, whose head is occu-
pied at intervals by various government officials
chosen TO instruct them. Bureau chiefs of the
state Department deliver lectures on the keen
ing OF accounts, the framing of reports on com
lnerce and trade relations the protection of Gus
IONS revenue, the settlement Of the estates OF
Americans dying abroad, etc
Dr. Wiley, the father of the pure food law
comes over from the bureau of chemistry and
talks TO them about the proper invoicing of food
imports, and David c. FairchiId the explorer of
the Agricultural Department instructs them
concerning valuable foreign plants which he de-
Flres them to collect for introduction into this
country Upon the wall Of the schoolroon1 is a
schedule OF government offices to be visited bv
1he students during their course Appointees TO
seaport posts must go to the Immigration bu-
Ieau and learn how to keep tab on aliens booked
LOT these shores; also TO the headquarters of the
fuphc Health and Marine Hospital Service
Wnere they are taught the laws concerning dis
lnIectlon OF contaminated baggage and the QUAR-
Sntlne OF diseased immigrants
New-York tribune., 1907-11-24
AT WORK ON THEIR OWN ENGINES.

Mr. Nixon, in referring 10 this entrance into
the field of industrial education, said:
1T is matter of significance that men who
formerly looked down upon the steam engineer
because he was dirty and his occupation was
hot and unpleasant to-day are getting their own
hands dirty and their clothing smeared with
grease in making repairs 70 their own automO-
biles and motor boat engines These men
coming To realize that there Is something useful
and fine in coming into personal contact with
mechanical devices And if they are proud OF
their ability make repairs they also are
coming look with admiration on the skilled
workman who handle a gas engine better
than they themselves MoreOve-, these men who
themselves learning the gas engine are TAX
ing Part in development making for humani-
taricniST in commerce and in war.
Any young man who qualities thoroughly in
the handling OF the gas engine-nOt merely IN
the theoretical side and the application of the
Ory. but in its practical management-wi uu-
dOubtedly be in line for of the great me-
chaniCal developments. For anything which cuts
q nations coal bill in half is a great develop
meUt The West Side Young Mems Christian
Association III opening motor boat school
shows its foresight and ability 10 develop along
UsefC! lines; for the development of the gas en-
slur mas worked of the maTvelS OF the CEN
tury in the new attitude of the people toward the
CRIME covered steam engineer Those going in
for motor boating not dealing with a tenn
pOFary fad: motor boats are going 10 stay, grow
and develop just the automobile will The
early CXperimenters with gas engines had had
OF to-day would be a marvel and the flying
a
New-York tribune., 1907-11-24
TO D[SPLACE STEAM.
Le7cis NirOn on the Future of Gas
DriUen Engines.

The grease smeared hands and snludged face
of the young society who deserts afternoon
teas and cOtillons to run his own fleet motor
boat instead OF being funny are. according 20
the head Of one of the largest shipbuilding con-
Germs in the United States, significant OF a great
industrial and mechanical revolution IN America
Similarly. he holds that the millionaire fiat on
his back underneath his luxurious touring car.
getting his hands dirty, is taking part in great
humanitarian movement which will lessen ths
terroTs of marine warfare and emancipate the
stokers from their infernos on the great trans
atlantic Lusitanias
These opinions were expressed the other day
by Lewis Nixon former head Of the Shipbuild-
ing Trust, at the opening session of the motor
boat school of the West Side Young Mems Chris
tian Association the first of its kind in the
world. and adjunct of the Young Mems
Christian Association automobile school The
school had announced that il prepared To
teach the theory and practical operation of gas
engines and the actual building OF motor craft
in a shop specially equipped for this purpose
New-York tribune., 1907-11-24
CHRISTMAS BAZAAR FOR CR1ppLEs

A Christmas Dazaar for the benefit OF the Oar
rach Home for Crippled Children will be held in the
East Room Of the Waldorf Astoria during the day
and evening of Wednesday, December J.
The cha!rmen, Miss S. B. Shedding Miss Mary
Macy. Mrs. Franklin H. Ryder and Mrs. 3. E Mar
tin cordially invite all those who are interested in
the welfare of crippled children and all those who
be
New-York tribune., 1907-11-24
NOTHING NEW.

Proof is below that women criticised each others
clothes in the seventeenth in the twentieth GEN.
tUry-and in 'fonetik'' spelling.
In 1856 May OF June. Bridget Noel wrote to her
sister. the Countess of Rutland:
My Lady GansbOurer meet US at Burley. but in
sutch dTes ! without disput Her
jenGan mantO is the worst Of its kind. il is purple
and a great dele of green. and a letel gould and
great hours, ther is some ded with the green. and
noe lining, which luks a bOmenable '-Pick-Ie-
I'd.
New-York tribune., 1907-11-24
APPOINTED FROM ELIGIBLE REGISTER.

Appointments to the new school are made
from an eligible register as vacancies occur in
the consular corps. Formerly the President d-
rectly filed each vacancy but before the ap-
pointee went to his post he had to take lenient
examination embracing practically nothing be-
yond the consular regulations and a smattering
OF international law. No foreign languages
were required, it being considered safe for our
consuls tc be at the mercy of native interpre-
ters IN lands where they We're to guard our in
terests and find trade openings for us These
examinations were not competitive. No two
men ever took the same examination at the
same time for the same cOnSulShip. Answers
to the questions were written in the consular
bureau and the papers We're corrected by
board of three State Department officials Con-
sulships were always counted among the most
tempting ''plums' in the gift of Presidents, and
I'm time past these examinations" were often
only farces. the educational defects of poll
ticiaus who had come to the aid of the party
being GuN Winked
New-York tribune., 1907-11-24

Some of the glamour of the consular berth was
tarnished by last years law prohibiting the
tanning of even notatial fees However, salaries
were raised to compensate partly for this loss.
New-York tribune., 1907-11-24
EHslNC4E SAN has NEw SCHQL for his GONSuLS
| PRACTICAL WORNgNG Our -
sszssr~z4zs OF 4 NEEDED RRPoRNs &8
SUGGESTED Bx <sECRErAuv noOT q

letter, each appointee being permitted to spend
lhe month as he has seen fit; but Secretary
Root lately decided that this months salary
was never intended a bonus.
Each student-consuIs last two days of the
newly prescribed school period are to be
spent in either the New York or San Francisco
custom house according to whether he departs
for the Orient or the Occident. In the custom
house he is instructed in undervaluatiOn, in
Voictng and kindred customs details.
New-York tribune., 1907-11-24
FOUNDED HARVARD "COLLEDrE."

Harvard House. in Stratford the home of his
mother. has also been bought for preservation
New-York tribune., 1907-11-24

ance, readiness Judgment discretion, resource
fulness, aCCurateness of information, experience
and business capacity" Of the candidates.
The Prescott daily news., 1907-05-07
LITTLE PRESCOTT LAWS

Sec. 267. It shall not be law ful for any person, other than a licensed plumber, to do work on or in connection with the water pipes or fixtures, nor to turn off the water to any service pipes, and it shall not be lawful for any person, except the City Electrician, to take down or put up any wires of the electric plant, or make any connections thereto, or sever any wires, without per mission from the proper authori- tV
The Prescott daily news., 1907-05-07
FEEDING THE BEEF COW.
Ration Must Be Increased When She
 Is In Calf.

The ration necessary for a breeding COW that is carrying calf must be enough to permit of the maintenance of her body as well as the growth of the calf Cows of the beef type may be wintered without grain. providing they are given all the oat straw and corn stover that they well consume during the early part of the season.
 They should be fed little clover hay during the early spring months. This, however. Is not the best method of feeding. Shocked corn or silage with little clover hay is a good win ter ration for COWS. More gain in weight can be secured where silage Is used than where dry fodder is fed.
 The corn plant fed in the form of silage is more palatable than if fed in the form of shocked corn. which Is probably the cause of its being a bet ter ration for the beef COWS. Silage supplemented with clover hay in small amounts is about the best feed for breeding animals that can be produced on most farms.