The San Francisco call., 1907-02-10

middle classes, and to save him oHAreA
to make him second In conmana In
Gaui. Pompey dissuaded him from ac-
csptins. Clodius influenced ths assem-
bly, to pass a law to the effect that
any person who had put Roman citi-
zen to death without appeal had vto-
lated the constitution, Cicero dsd to
Sicily, his property was connscatsd. his
country houses destroyed and the site
OF his palace in Rome dedicated to the
goddess OF liberty.
Among the acts OF CIodirs was one
taking power from the Sacred College
10 alter the calendar Caesars time in
Gaui was for ten years. but BY cutting
several months from the last year the
Senate reduced 1T to nearly nine He
was then to come home. unattended,
and ir he wished might stand for the
consulate. Pompey had lent him two
legions- These he requested Caesar TO
return, which was promptly done. Pom
pey. pretending to get ready for a new
campaign in Asia. was raising new
legicns in Italy, which he held in con-
venient camps within reach of Rome
The Senate, now feeling strong enough
opened upon the regular party with its
usual ferocity, and the tribunes were
banished and fed TO Caesar. Caesar
attempted compromise. and would
disband his Iegions il Pompey would
do the same, but Pompey was deter
mined to re-enact the part Of Sulla, ard
refused. The Senator's were making I'd
lists OF wealthy citizens of Rome and
italy whom they could proscribe. as
sassinate and confiscete their property.
All compromise was disdained. Caesar
refused to trust himself IN Rome under
these conditions. and the Senate re-
torted by cheating him an outlaw and
confiscated bis estates. Caesar crossed
the Rubicon, city after city surrenderedp
to him. and the citizens hailed him as
the liberator Of Italy Large numbers
OF Pompey's soldiers deserted, and
Pompey, seeing he would surely be
crushed, abandoned Rome with such
lcgions as he could influence and
crossed the Adriatic into Thessaly,
where he was followed by the disaf-
fected Senators.
Caesar entered Rome. secured the
funds In the treasury. which the SEN
ators in their panic had forgotten 70
remove, and reorganized the admins
tration, restoring the authority OF the
tribunes and the consular courts He
followed Pompey into Thessaly. and
after several months OF maneuvering
in which he suffered one defeat. an
initiated the army OF Pompey at Phar-
salia, and Pompey few weeks later
was killed In Egypt. whittier he had
he'd The remnants Of the senatorial
fak ~ 1c-iDA3acQ III 1NOFLu ALElC8, Out
were defeated at Thapsus. A year later
In dying effort they reorganized in
Spain. but were annihilated by Caesar
at MundL. Caesar was now supreme.
Reorganized by Caesar
He reorganized the state upon the
basis of it's ancient constitution, en-
grating reforms made evident By the
century of civil distraction. Cicero.
who had followed Pompey to ThessaIy
unwillingly, returned to Rome after
Pharsalia- Caesar was entirely mag
unanimous. Such Of the old senatorial
group as would accept be restored to
their functions. Many OF his political
enemies were put into exalted posi-
tions. and he seemed actuated with q
sincere desire to end tbs distractions
which had rent the commonwealth. Tha
Senate contented itself with passing
fulsome resolutions of praise OF Caesar
One translated him into god. Another
proposed that every woman in Rome
should be placed at his disposal An
other that he be given the crown
Caesar understood that these wers In
tended to make him ridiculous and ur-
popular. Under it's laudations the SEN
ate hid it's venom UNTIL SELLING upon
the name OF Brutus to conjure the Dor
uface with the ancient story of liberty
the conspiracy was laid for his assas-
sination Rumors had reached Cfcero
and in great speech. fun 81 Aduf&-
tfon OF Caesar. he volunteere4 himself
and the rest OF the Senate - . body
CONTINUED On Next EasA.)