davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1907-07-09

III, When be yieidsd 70 me influences Of
LoRIs MkZIKopv: and again under
NICHOLAS IT,. ut the suggestion Of Count
WTTTE, for a short period preceding the
election Of the first Duma. Not a vestige
OF those liberties exists In Russia to-day.
Experience has shown that except in
the case Of very remarkable rulers like
JULIUS CESAR, CHARLEMAGNE, EDWARD
]. Of England, FREDERICK the Great and
NAPOLEON BoNAPAKrE there is little or
nothing TO be hoped for in reform from
above. IL, therefore. q people desires to
possess even the primary political liber-
ties II must Q TO the experiment Of
representative institutions, fraught with
grave risk Of friction and collision with
the executive authorities as the expert
ment oftenris. Those nations, however,
who have lacked the long political train
ing Of the Anglo-Saxons and are there
fore able TO attain the blessing Of orderly
self-government only after convulsion
and t~rihulation seem to deserve sympa-
thy rather than reprobation.
Where it will probably be conceded by
many intelligent Russians who are still
firm believers in representative institu-
tons that the Gear made a mistake, a
mistake for which Count WIrTE must be
held responsible. is in the electoral law
which prescribed the basis on which the
Durna was to be chosen. II at the OUT
set property and educational qualifca-
tons for the franchise had been required
no vehement or at all events no wide
spread protest would have been heard.
Tho outcome Of such an electoral law
would probably have been Q thoroughly
informed and sensible though ct the
same time patriotic assembly. The az
pertinent OF self-rule through representa-
tive institutions would thus have been
made under conditions relatively favor
able. From such a body, truly repre-
senting the brains and heart Of Russia,
right solutions Of the agrarian and other
problems with which that country IL
confronted might at least have been
hoped for.
Now, after two Dumas have been
chosen on q basis exhibiting a close
ePPhoooh W uhivCtbo& puutaSo duu
have, " might have been expected,
proved failures, the Gear has adopted
the plan Of prescribing property and
educational qualifications for the fran
chise, The new electoral law, however,
which would have reioioed Russia two
years ago, IL now unwelcome and sven
obnoxious ,fortwo reasons First, because
IL disfranchises q multitude Of the Cars
subjects who have lately been permitted
to enjoy the suffrage; and secondly.
because the new law could not be pro-
claimed without a glazing violation OF
the Cars solemn promise that the pro-
ceding law should not be changed without
tho Dumas consent
The mistake made in 1905 by NICHOLAS
III. and his then trusted adviser, Count
WIrTE, wa not In conceding the funda-
mental liberties. since suspended, and in
convokinG . parliament, but in failing
TO perceive that universal suffrage can
not be granted safely to q people which
has not been qualified to exercise the
voting function by . prolonged expert
encc Of q moro or less restricted fran
chise. 80 ~
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1907-07-09

II the movement set on foot by the Span
ish chambers Of m has ths desired
result 1t will be q great boon to ths material
interests Of tho country. The Barcelona
chamber was the first 10 appeal to the
Government st Madrid to favor q law to
introduce the same gauge on the Spanish
railroads a 10 in general uss throughout
the rest OF Europe. in order to bring the
kingdom into closer relations with the
other countries and promote her CON-
mcroe. The idea has boon taken up with
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1907-07-09

these comnissions have been given 10
men who have not served IN the ranks
and as non-commissioned officers. There
are civilian appointecs in the star corps,
notably In the pay department and tho
Quartermaster's department. There are,
however, only a few Of such on the stan
with rank above that OF Captain, and
those exceptions are men who were
appointed long before the Spanish war.
There is no doubt whatever that the
"favoritism" shown in the promotion OF
some Of the officers named here has done
unreasonable harm TO the service, but
perhaps the evil 10 not as general az our
correspondent thinks it is. His query,
When n examines tho appointments
in the army from civil life during the last
ten years and notes the preferment Of
those civilians v our trained military
men and veterans, 10 it any wonder that
there is something wrong with the army"
lacks proper justification. The evil lies in
the jumping Of juniors over the heads Of
their seniors. in the jumping Of West Point
men owe the heads of men Of twoscore
or more years Of experience in the civil
war and on the plains and in our later
troubles, rather than in the recognition Of
civilians Of recent appearance.
'Favoritism' is not a new experience
in the army. II was a cause OF COM
plant in the days Of WASHINGTON, Of
ScorT and Of GRANT, as It is to-day. It
will exist % long a. it is made possible
by a system which permits promotion
b. selection" 1t 10 an evil to 10 de-
plorsd, but it 10 not the most serious
fault Of our military system.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1907-07-09
The Trouble with the Amy.

By direct statement our correspondent
W. in his extremely interesting letter
printed on Saturday locates the trouble
with the army in "favoritism.' BY
direct implication he locates IL in favorit-
ism in the matter Of appointees from
civil life. He suggests the publication
of names and rank at date Of appoint
ment Of those who have been commits
stoned In our army during the last ten
years from civil! life Yet such a list
might not confirm his diagnosis, IL we
assume It to be az here stated.
The charge Of favoritism is justified
il by that term is meant the selection Of
junior and staff officers for promotion
over the heads Of men Of long service
in the line Of the Regular army. Such
cases have been deplorably numerous Of
late. None OF them, however, with the
exception Of FUNSTON, can be regarded
entirely a. an appointment from civil
life. Many, both in and out OF the army,
regard such promotions a. detrimental
TO the service regardless Of the personal
qualities Of the men selected. Promo
ton by selection though occasionally
practised il generally condemned.
During the Spanish american wal
officers were needed for the command of
the greatly increased army, and draft
was naturally and even necessarily made
on sources other than the regular army.
Most Of those to whom high rank was
given were men of military experience.
Some Of them were graduates OF the
military academy, a. were JAMES H.
WILSON, FIrzHUGH LEE and JOSEPH
WHEELER. With the mastering out of
tho volunteers nearly all Of these auxil-
iary officers were again retired to private
life, with only such honors or emolu-
ments as they had secured during their
brief service. A few, like those whose
names are quoted above. were placed
on the retirea list Of the Regular army.
GRANT, who Ia an academy man, and
FUNSTON, who is not, achieved the star
Of the Brigadier in the regular service.
The most generally Objectionable case
was that Of LEONARD WooD. to which
our correspondent refers.
As u mhtUcr Oh IaCJ was prac-
tically the only real outsider to receive
special promotion. WOOD was a sur
geon, but had been for many years a sur
geon In the Regular army. GRANT was
a West Pointer. The charge Of "favorit-
ISM" then. must rest on promotions
other than those from civil life. Among
those where such q charge finds support
are the cases Of GRANT, BELL, MILLS,
WOOD. BLISS, BARRY and PERsHINd, all
OF whom, with the exception Of WooD,
were West Point men.
Coming down TO the field officers, we
find some from civil life. but they are,
without exception We believe. men
whose enlistment or appointment dates
back TO the civil war. Their cases pre-
sent no ground for objection. Among
the line officers there are appointees
from civil life, nearly all Of them young
men, who obtained their commissions
through an examination for which pro-
vision 10 made by a generally approved
law by which vacancies existing when
tbs West Point quota In exhausted may
be filed from civil life. Few II any OF
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1907-07-09

snthnsiasln w the chAa6befs 40 ths other
Leading eitiss and thsy hops that ne day
IL not distant whom freight may DO cnrrisd
without breaking bulk between points on
the Spanish roads and thoss OF the general
rail route systsms Of the Continent.
The proposed improvement would be'a
blessing to Spain and all tho more II 1t
should stimulate railroad building in the
kingdom. The situation has improved.
Some extension OF the means Of commune
cation has been made with vivifying effsct
upon industries and Agricalture. But the
total rail mileage 10 still less than 10000
miles and wide distances separate the
various branches Of the system. The wine
product might be increased, but outside Of
the coast zone districts growers have no
desire TO enlarge vine culture for fear that
the lack Of communications would prevent
the sale Of a greater output.
Good workmen are not lacking. Baroe-
Iona has proved that Spain has skilful and
able artisans; and economists are right In
saying that chief among the reasons why
Spain has not yet made adequate use Of
her great mineral, animal and vegetable
wealth is the fact that she has lacked the
means of communication.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1907-07-09
rIFTH AVENUE HEATHEN.
Discontinue Of o Seeker for an Evening
Church Service.

To TEE EDITOR OF TEE Sux-tsir, Finding
myself alone in Q downtown hotel on this hot July
Sunday I Get out In the evening In quest OF q church.
I recalled your notice some days ago regarding the
evening services In the Fifth Avenue Presbyterian
Church. I struck Firm avenue about Ffftieth street.
TO get 70 my destination
inquired Of . number Of people. but mono could
ten me. Finally Z picked OUT respectable loohfng
ciusen and said 10 him Are you acquainted
with tscss disstuss," Yes I have been here all
my hfe and I know something abouN the n~eighbor-
hood" We'll, viii YOU tell me where the Fifth
Avenue Presbyterian Church Isl -well-ah-
we'll, I know the hotels. That is The Gotham and
that there Is tho st. Regis; but the churches. !
don't know ss much about them" Yes" said I. u
know the hotels, too. but an, looking for a church
Just now" That over there.- said the stranger.
wishing 20 be obiIging. rs the Catholic"-"Cathe-
dral.- said I. ~ happen - know that. too sorry
I can't help you out; but you viii ind all the churches
closed. anyway. They give everything up 70 the
devil around here IN the summer time Thus
phiiosophizins, the stranger vent his way and I
sought another guide.
met Q ~matronly looking lady accompanied by
. younger woman snd q little girl. The men are
al horn hesthen about here. nyway. said ! 20
myself. but the women win certainly know" So
In my most respectful manner. hat In hand. I &C.
costed the eldest of the group: viii you kindly
tell me. madam. where the Fifth Avenue Presley
terisn Church isf" The elderly lady. with insuited
dignity. was about TO STAN by me without 9 word.
when suddenly she thought better Of II and turned
and shooed me. 90 10 were. toward the Cathedral.
Dtscoura red and swelterinr under the heat. !
,sauntered mp the avenue 10 hnd on the bulletin
board In mont Of TIE church thst there were no
evening scvvtcea
Fifsh avenue iss good mhsioaary Geld. all right.
NBw YoaR. July T. vIAros.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1907-07-09
A nay Of Trismph IN Atlanta.

A r,u,on cr.cr.r. Ma .ou.,
From north. south, east and west.
WIN nands ana faces washed snd clean.
All IN their sunday osst.
They tnronged the leaning siittering streets
That rsmiy the "
ny common Impulse stirred TO see
Their hoke put on MS crown.
B.ve,d thu .tree,s the c.u,,o.
In granite glory stood.
An sfcnNecturs pesn 70
All supernsecriai xood.
~ seemed 70 tnose VINO saw " shere.
rse Governors maj goal,
TO pc the body of tne Ssste
WIN hoks 70 DC ms soui.
rne xurs,p msp,ors sv.vsd Ana ,o.r
with bus one end IN view.
"nen suddenly upon the ar
resounds the desp oasoo:
rsr down inc street tnss iesds INTO
The ospicoiian way
Agorteous pesesnt doomed m tieht
Ihas dimmed the light OF dsy.
=, ,rou, rad. uos. a, e~.s.-x
Tsss prsacins sseed Of yors.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1907-07-09
The sex OF the American Eagle IL the sub
jet OF this interesting inquiry from Harlem.

jet OF this interesting inquiry from Harlem;
TO TEE EDITOR OF TIE SuN-Sk: In referring
70 our Glorious Bird should we use the masculine
or the feminine pronounr YouY answer will settle
Q bet between husband and wife. and may avert
war. ONE HALF"
We call the attention OF 'one Half" to
that passage in tho -~Areopagitica' Of JOHN
MILTON which governs the general use Of
the female eagle a. an emblem Of national
ity:
-Mstnnks Z see In my mind . noble and puissans
nation . . . a. an eagle mewing her mighty
yoush and kindiins her undaxsled eyes st the full
midday beam"
We also call the attention Of the Other
Half TO the moro particular statement Of Q
certain Mr.. DRAKE. uttered with great
solemnity and apparently upon authority,
that when Freedom had composed tho
American Flag by setting the stars OF glory
in the azure robe Of night and stripping the
milky baldrio Of the skies with red streak
ings Of the morning light. she proceeded to
intrust the new banner to an ca gle OF the
male sex:
Then from his mansion In the sun
She called the eagle bearer down.
And gave into bis mighty hand
Tho symbol OF her chosen land"
We decide that MIR. DRAxE's opinion su-
persedes Mr.. MnToN's and prevails until
II shall be overruled by Mr.. ROOSEVELT.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1907-07-09

rVvN Nv Fsd0HpNf0 Necord.
1herfh Entofc olumbaa oount " 10 an easy fan land
nrd. Ars- Boyd Crosslsy. Who hes been serving .
ss1sence for running Q spsakeAsy al Berwick and
whoss ssrra expired on saturday. furnished the
newspepsrs snfa trtoute 10 the sofs hearted sheriff:
We had lots 10 eat ana Hello 70 do " she said. ~Wby,
do you hnsv. sheria Ent servss better meals than
most Of he Berwick hotels feel better than I
ever 0d ard an stouter. We teiephoned hons
whenever ~ wanted 10 and found out everything
vas 81 night. . NJ Just sstied down to having .
rood unA:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1907-07-09
In Abbssadassett stream.

Bopdotnhdr correspondence Lsrtston JournsI.
nis estimated that more than q million dead nsh,
nearly all shad. noated recently UP Abbagadassett
stream. nearly nlling the river. 10 Is thought that
the destruction OF these nah was caused By the
acids thrown into the rivers from pulp mills.
Last year The Government spent thousands Of
dollars stocking the Kennebec with shad. and Il 10
probable that some steps viii be taken at once by
the Government onnciAls In the matter.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1907-07-09

TO rnR Eprroa or TEE sux-ssr. tbs other
day I saw two all whIte cats In . grocery store.
Ono was very friendly and playful. ths other quite
the reverse. The grocerymsn explained the
difference by saying thst the all white cat as q
rule was deaf and the deprivstion Of this sense
made " shy. One Of his cats was en- excepsion and
IL acted like the natural cat. 10 n true that eli
white cats are defective IN hearingf
NV YoRH, July 8. J.H.R
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1907-07-09

To TEE EDITOR OF ThB suN-Sr: The
navy OF the United States cannot claim 70
be the second nsvy In the world. To France
still belongs that honor. - will be seen from
statistics given in the last issue Of the States
man Year Book" just received:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1907-07-09

First L~andlsdy-lts hard to tell what 10 do.
Second Landlady-Ycs II they carry suit cases
you suspect them OF being embszse.s, and II they
don't YOU don't want to trust them for board.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1907-07-09

The -silent man Of New Rochelle is dead.
HoBsoN is loose with all his voices. Such
is the humor Of destiny. Poor old Ala
bammyl
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1907-07-09

Knieker- Did he rely on unsfitsea law,
Bocker-No. but he said deceased had told him
y wasn't she heat. bus the humidity.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1907-07-09
Colonel Bryan's Unhappiness.

Colonel BkYAN is still filed with I'M
happiness v Governor HUGHEs's veto
of the two cent fare bill. He drips re-
grets from pen and lips. He laments in
print and conversation as n whose
dearest idol has been shattered. The
tender hearted must be reused 20 pity
by his grief.
Meanwhile the Governor pays no at
tention to tbs grief his act called forth.
He has not apologized nor has no ex-
planned. He put his reasons for his
action on paper, and since then no has
had nothing to say. Cruel and unusual
punishment he has inflicted on Colonel
BRYAN, for that astute gentleman ID
most anxious to get up an argument with
Mr.. HUGHES.
Yet Mr.. HUGHES in reality may be
treating Colonel BRYAN with the greatest
kindness. Last fall a highly converse
tional individual fell foul OF CHARLEs
EVANS HUGHES with many and violent
words. After a brief time Ms. HUGHES
retorted, and such was the effect OF his
answers that soon his assailant was re-
duoed to the necessity Of calling names
to cover his complete discontinue. An
between Mr.. HUGHES and Mr..
BRYAN might end In the same manner
Mr.. HUGHES has brains.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1907-07-09
ADMITTED.

A0mfttoo.
To rHI Eprron or N suN-ss,: 10 there no
room In the Gallery Of Immortsb for Fried. Grais 3
Co. OF this city, pnxcR.
ToRoNTo July Z.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1907-07-09

s, n our friends who foeoy az Utfh manuscripts for
publication ttsh 10 haVe rejected articles returned they
must IN all cases send stamps for that purpose.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1907-07-09

muleonsam Dofsrfe1.
knicksr-rhtnk the lion and tnsllamb win svU
ue down togethery
bocker~rhey would only be called nature fakes,
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1907-07-09
suSsorspsions by MAIL. Postpaid.

ff subsCripsions ~ MAIL. Postpaid.
DAILY. Per kontb. .........."",..........sO so
>DAiLy. Per Year. Q 90
SUNDAY, Pcs Yesr. .''.................... . 90
DAILY N SUNDAY Per Year .....,...,.. 9 90
DAILY AND SUNDAY. Per Month ...,...... 20
Postage to foreign countries added.
Published by the sun Printing and Publishing
Association At 40 Nassau street. In the Borough of
: Manhattan. Now York. President and Treasurer
o. the Association. William n. Lafan. ITO Nassau
street; Secretary Of the Association. Franklin
Bsrtie;:. . Nassau street.
y Paris once, 3, Rus Louis lie Grand. The daily and
sunday editions are on sale st KiosQue II. near the
Grand Hotel: Mosque n. Boulevard des cspuctnes.
corner Place de l'opers. and Kiosaus 10. Boulevard
ga ltsllens. corner Rue Louis 10 Grand.
n our friends Dho f0por as ptfh manuscripts for
1ubIlf1ff0n erfsB IN baos . secfsd aIffcIss TeftIT0s4 ghau
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1907-07-09

Items Frsn Uncle Sans Account Books.
Tss nsosl yess Of sss1 shows. when the books
are balanced:
A foreign Observation-Disclosures, end gold
and silver exports and Imports of q. 500. ooo, 900 in
tho year. On increase Of 1000 .ooo. 600 In only twenty
aeven years.
Treasury receipts exclusive Of postal revenue,
Of 80, ooo. 900 In 1907 nscal year. IN increase Of
SSse 200, 90 In twenty seven years % 500 ooo! ono
In seventeen years; of sos. ooo.o 900 IN seven years:
and OF ST. 900 900 In one years larger ordinary
revenue than the extr sordinsry revenue (bsr loans
OF the fateful years 1851 90.
Customs receipts Of $50, oCs 900 In 1907 nscal yesr.
an increase OF Si<A.ooe.0 600 In twenty seven years
OF ucs. ooo 900 In seventeen years: OF 800. 0oO. 900 in
seven years; and Of 81. 900 900 In only one year.
Internal revenue receipts Of sx7o. ooo! 900 In 1907
nscsl year, an increase OF sis. 900 900 In twenty.
and Of 81 900 900 In only one year. Comparison
with the HnS. cocoon Internal revenue receipts In
1900 nscsl year is not admissible. because OF the
Spanish war taxes then prevailing.
A Treasury surplus OF nearly 81! 600 900 In 1907
nscsi year. the greatest Treasury surplus ever.
and.sn increase OF ga 600. 900 In only one year.
A postal revenue of about sie0!0co. 900 In 1907
nscsl year. an increase of sit7 .0oo.0oe In twenty
seven years: Of h2o.ooe 900 In seventeen years.
Of s0s.ooo0o 10 seven yesn: and Of si,.o 900 900 IN
only one year.
Imports Of d 800 900 600 In 1907 nscai year. an
Increase Of aS9e 600 900 In twenty seven years: OF
sill .oo0.o 900 In scvenseen years; Of seSi 600 600 In
seven years. and Of s27< ,ooo. 900 IN only ono year.
Exporta Of ss.0oo. 900 COO IN 1907 fiscal year. an
increase Of s1,tos .ooo. 600 IN twenty seven years:
Of N,i<Syooo.0o0 IN seventeen years; OF Seoa, 900, 900
in seven years; md Of s2sT 600 900 In only one year.
Public school saisrses Of fully $500. 900 600 In 1907
nscai year. an Increase Of si4s COO 900 in twenty.
seven years: OF sioeA0o 600 In seventeen years:
OF sos.ooo.ooe In seven Year,; and Of s,s. 900 600 In
Only one year.
4 home population Of s6.7oo. 900, on increase Of
100000 In twenty ssven years; of q. 900. 600 In
seventeen years: Of Loo. 900 In seven years. and
Of i,7oo. 900 In only = year.
An Interest oearf1G debt OF only seoi ,o0o. 900 In
1907 hscal year. . decrease OF tss7 900 900 in twenty.
seven years, and OF si72. ooo. 900 In seven years.
An immigration Of fully $4,000 In 1907 nseai
year. an increase OF Tss.0oo In twenty seven years;
OF wSooo N seventeen years; Of S07. 900 10 seven
Year,: ana Of $50. 900 m ono year.
a sncacy circulation of nearly % 900 600 ,ooo IN
1907 nscsi year. an incresss OF "a on 900 900 In TWEEN
tysevea yean: Of q Br 400 400 IN seventeen years;
OF oesooo.ooo In ssven years; and OF s7e1, ooo. 900
In only one year.
A national wealth Of fully A7o 600 100000 an
Increase Of t7s.oo0 100000 In twenty Seyen years:
Of ~ oooo.o 400 In seventeen year,; Of asa 400 OOo,.
900 h ssvsn years; and Of tis. 600 900 900 In suly
three ysArA
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1907-07-09

college. nine-tenths OF the vosss in Con-
gress and ninety-nine-hundredths OF the
substances. the character and the force Of
the organization at large.
What IL stfl more interesting and impor-
tant. the tendency 10 toward Culberson in
visibly increasing measure. There il hardly
. city Of any consequence, from Nashville
southwark. without former a~cquaintanoss
and college mates Of the Texas Senator. and
these ~ It happens are almost invariably
men Of high social standing and wide per-
sonal ~infiuenoe. One encounters such men
in Nashville. Birmingham. New Orieans,
Mobile and Montgomery. In the two latter
cities. moreover. Cuibsrson snjoys added
favor because Of his Alabama birth. Il 4,
already on the cards that before the end Of
tho year Cubsrson will be invited By vari-
ous representative bodies to address than
on the questions Of the hour. and unlsss
Nashville sesas { very early march IN this
regard tho movement VIII In eli human
probability b inaugurassd by Mobile.
Tho Southern candidate idea would be
attractive enough In itself. It nesdsd only
. suggestion to set IL In motion and inteili-
gent thought to equip Il with an i~nersasing
impetus. Ths moro they consider ths mat
ter ths better the Southern Democrats like
IL. One hears animated discussion not only
Of CuIberson hut Of the Hon. Z. D. White
OF Louisians, now . member Of the Supreme
Court Of tbs United States; Of Governor
Hohs smith a Georgia; q sAuasos Dnsss
Of the sane State; Of Senator Isidor Rsypsr