The Montgomery advertiser., 1907-04-28

8mithsonian Institution and United States National Museum just opened at Jamestown. Exposition is unique in that its object Is to oondense into single room American history from beginning Co the end.
 When 1t was decided what the national government should show At the exposition. those in charge re strfcted the Smithsonian Hnstttution and the National Museum to such articles and materials of an histor- ical nature as would serve to impart knowledge of our colonial ana national history" Here wore the terms set before these experts In Washington in fulfillment of which they have gotten together something Representative of the main interests of the American people since the ven- turesome Spanish. French, English and Dutch settlers first established the outposts of new nation.
 From the days of 1907. when Captain John Smith arrived in Chesapeake Bay, to the days of 1907. three centuries, much has happened to be condensed Into six thousand square feet of floor space. But it has been the object or those directly in charge of the display to represent with a few groups or figures. portraits, models and relics. ay, outline of three hundred years progress. In these three hundred years there has been a change In America of sort never before Wit messed in a like space of time In the history of the world. One of the tiny ships of the Smith expedition in 1907, the Discovery, carried a score of per sons In her twenty-ton hull She was nearly four months on the trip. One AS khn hof@ coming tn thR position today needs five hundred per sons merely to man her and IS measured in almost a thousand times that number of tons. A contrast such e this stares you in the face as you look upon the Smithsonian and Museum part of the exhibit.
 MT. W. dec. Ravenel of the National Afuseum. who is representing the Smithsonian Institution and the National Museum at the exposition and who ia in formal charge of the exhibit, in an interview told what has been gotten together to tell in live form change.
 sTo locate the whole exhibit in Jamestown and to serve as a central figure about which to group every thing else," said MT. Ravenel, we have set up a large tableSu of twenty-two figures portraying Captain John Smith going up the James River to trade with the Indians for corn Tho tab leau was designed by MT. W. H. Holmes, chief of the Bureau of Ameri- can Ethnology and curator of the Nat1onal Gallery of Art. It pictures an exposition a number of which must have been taken during the hard win ter season following the first landing, to fight off the attacks of famine. Eleven of the group are white men. three soldiers and four sailors and others. all dressed in the style of that day. The costumes are as nearly feproductions as possible, with helmets. rApiers, match-lock guns and pistols some of which were actually carried by early English settlers. The boat b one of the pinnaces' such as were used In surveying the Chesapeake Bay and Virginia Rivers. For articles of trade the Smith party has a chest of glass beads. looking glasses. matches, and other trinkets. The Indians are some of which in this particular tab 1eau was grown from seed carried by the Tuscaroras to New York in 1711.
 Around this central group" con- tinued Mir. Ravenel, we have placed forty-three cases, a dozen of them Illustrating our customs and culture at different periods. A couple of them are devoted ito reproducing the cos tunes of the original settlers-the Puritan and his wife, the Dutch pad room and his wife, the Virginia planter and his wife. and Spanish lady and gentleman. couple of eases show Indians of the Patomac region em- ployed in making stone implements. Another case portrays scene of the colonial period and still another con tains an exhibit by the Daughters of the American Revolution. consisting of costumes and other relics of the days of 76."
 Mir, Ravenel laid great stress upon the accuracy with which these scenes had been reproduced. Care, he said. had been taken to make them as true to the original as possible.
 Some of the collections of especial interest" he went on, illustrate the possessions of to-day. the Philippines. Porto Rico. Hawaii and Alaska
 ITO show the development of water Transportation. we have secured models of an ancient Viking war galley, the ships of Columbus and other famous ships of colonial times such as the Susan Constant, the Mayflower of the Puritans, and the Half-Moon of Henry Hudson Leading from these sailing ships into steam navigation. are shown models of the first experiments of Rumsey. Fitch. Fulton and Stevens There is also a model of the Savannah. the first steam ship to cross the Allan tic, which left Savannah, Georgia, on her historical trip in 1877. Alongside of Fultons Claremont Is ranged a modern steam ship now plying upon the Hudson River
 Tn a similar way. land transporta- ton is illustrated beginning with models of the pack horse and the stage coach. Especial attention is devoted to the development of the locomotive and railroad car up to the big Mogul and freight engines of today This is shown by means of models and drawings.
 ''The important inventions. also, such as the telegraph and telephone. and models of original forms of appara- tus.
 "The history of medicine and pho tography has also been worked up for this exhibit
 The medical exhibit. arranged by Dr. James W. Flint of the National Museum. consists mainly of photo graphs of noted doctors from the physician who accompanied Captain John Smith to America, through Dr Crawford W. Long. who, 1t is said first used ether as an anesthetic In 6 surgical operation, through Dr. Zabdiel Boylston. the first in America to perform inoculation for smallpox. and many others to Dr. Carlos Finlay. who is given the honor of first for ir Aafintfa fhanrv In tHa