The Bennington evening banner. (Bennington, Vt.) 19??-1961, 1907-12-03


ject can only accomplish a certain
amount No legislation can by any
possibility guarantee the business com.
munity against the results OF specula-
tive folly any more than II can guaran-
tee an individual against the results OF
his extravaganza. When an individual
mortgages his house to buy an auto
mobile he invites disaster, and When
wealthy men or men who pose as such
or are unscrupulously or foolishly eager
TO become such indulge in reckless
speculation, especially If il Is accom-
panied by dishonesty, they jeopardze
not only their own future, but the fu-
ture OF all their innocent fellow citi-
zens. for they expose the whole bust
ness community TO panic and distress
CAN'T REVISE TARIFF NOW.
This country is definitely committed
to the protective system, and any eff
fort to uproot it could not but cause
widespread Industrial disaster. In
other words, the principle of the pres
ent tariff law could not with wisdom
be changed. But in country of such
phenomenal growth as ours 1t Is prob
ably well that every dozen years or so
the tariff laws should be carefully scru-
tinlzed so as to see that no excessive
or improper benefits are conferred
thereby, that proper revenue is provid-
ed and that our foreign trade Is en-
couraged. There must always be as a
minimum a tariff which will not only
allow for the collection of an ample
revenue, but which will at least make
good the difference in cost Of produc-
ton here and abroad-that is the diff
ference In the labor cost here and
abroad, for the well being of the wage
worker must ever be a cardinal point
Of American policy. The question
should be approached purely from
business standpoint, both the time ana
the manner of the change being such
as to arouse the minimum Of agitation
and disturbance in the business world
and to give the least play for selnsh
and fractional motives. The sole con-
sideration should be to see that the
sum total OF changes represents the
public good. This means that the sub
ject cannot with wisdom be dealt with
in the year preceding a presldential
election, because as matter OF fact
experience has conclusiyely shown that
at such time 1t is impossible TO get
men to treat it from the standpoint of
the public good. In my judgment the
wise time to deal with the matter Is
Immediately after such election.
INCOME TAX AND INHERITANCE
TAX.
When our tax laws are revised the
question of an income tax and an In
heritance tax should receive the care
full attention of our legislators. In
my judgment both of these taxes
should be part of our system OF fed
eral taxation. | speak ditfidently about
the income tax because one scheme for
an income tax was declared unconsti-.
tutional by the supreme court, while in
addition il is a difficult tax TO admin
lister in its practical working, and great
care would have TO be exercised TO see
that II was not evaded by the very
men whom 1t was most desirable to
have taxed. Nevertheless Il graduated
income tax of the proper type would
be a desirable feature OF federal taxa
ton, and 1t is to be hoped that one
may be devised which the supreme
court will declare constitutional.
The inheritance tax, however, Is
far better method of taxation. The
government has the absolute right TO
decide as TO the terms upon which a
man shall receive bequest from an
other, and this point In the devolution
of property is especially appropriate
for the imposition Of a tax. Laws i'm
posing such taxes have repeatedly been
placed upon the national statute books
and as repeatedly declared constitu-
tional by the courts, and these laws
contained the progressive principle
that is. after certain amount Is reach
ed the bequest or gift in life or death
Is increasingly burdened and the rate
of taxation is increased in proportion
to the remoteness Of blood Of the man
receiving the bequest. These principles
are recognized already In the leading
civilized nations of the world.
GERMANY'S INHERITANCE TAX.
The German law Is especially inter
esting to us because Ii makes the in
heritance tax an imperial measure
while alloting to the individual states
of the empire portion Of the pro
ceeds and permitting them to impose
taxes in addition to those imposed by
the imperial government. Small inner
itances are exempt, but the tax is so
sharply progressive that when the in
heritance is still not very large. pro
vided ii Is not an agricultural or n for
est land. 1t Is taxed at the rate of %
per cent il 1t goes to distant relatives.
There is no reason why in the Unhed
States the national government should
not impose inheritance taxes in addi-
ton to those imposed by the states,
and when we last had an inheritance
tax about one-half of the states levied
such taxes concurrently with the ma
tional government, making combined
maximum rate in some cases as high
as % per cent.
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