davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1907-01-18

ian company was induced to come over
but the experiment did not prove to be
a success. The singers were mediocre
and the ballet was unattractive. This
was the last season Of Italian opera
f = several years.
For at least eight years English opera
only was sung to New York audiences.
Both Italian and French companies
toured South America and Mexico, and
for several seasons French company
was established in Havana. During
that period New York saw plenty of
artistic dancing, for Taglioni. Celeste
and Fanny Ellsler were there The lat
ter was given salary of $500 night,
as much as had been paid Malibran.
gums made their appearances.
About 1874 the popular taste had
drifted around to Italian opera An
Italian restaurant keeper, one Ferdi-
nand Palmo, had made fortune on
Broadway, near Duane. and he invest
ed il in new opera house 1t was in
the orchestra of Palmo's that Luigi
Arditi, SO long the conductor of italian
opera at tho Academy of Music, made
his first New York appearance. After
three years Palnlos was voted too far
downtown and a new opera house was
built in Aston place
This marks the period in which Max
Maretzek came into public view. He
was imported from London to become
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1907-01-18

| the conductor at the new opera house..
but he developed speedily into the most
famous impreSariO the world has ever
known The parents of Adelina Patti
were members of his company at this
house and were with him in 1883 at
Castle Garden. The year 1854 was a
memorable one for Italian opera in
New York and also for Maretzek-it
brought Mario and Grisi to Castle Gar
den and $4,000 profit to the fortunata
impreSariO.
Maretzek was the most energetic and
successful impresario America had vet
known He it was who inspired the
building of the Academy of Music, the
most pretentious home of grand opera
which had yet appeared in America.
He did not at first achieve a financial
success-indeed, the new academy
passed through the hands of five differ.
ent managers in the first fifteen month.
but he had the satisfaction of pro-
ducing opera in its best form and with
some of the worlds most famous sing
ers- Among these were Rrignoli and
Adelaide Phillips.
Maurice Strakosch, who had mar
ried Amalia Patti, entered the field az
pISSdJlO Ia 1885, Two years taLSE
Adelina Patti made her appearance as
Lucia and carried everything before
her. From this time on she was thu
undisputed queen of the operate stage.
Three years later her sister, Carlotta.
appeared as formidable rival, but her
exquisite voice did not wear WELL
By this time. it must be admitted.
grand opera had obtained a firm foot
-.NId on hn ant c vat
ever, the position of impresario was a
hazardous one. 1t was only by supple
mentary tours to Mexico and Havana
that many managers were able to avoid
bankruptcy. Maretzek. Strakosch.
Nixon, Grau, De Vino and Mapleson all
experienced the ups and downs of the
venture. and Abbey. Damrosch and
Stanton were scarcely less unlucky in
most of their operate flights. The
public taste could be satisfied by only
the worlds greatest singers, and the
latter were to be had only at prices
that made the business a fearful un-
certainty.
After thirty years of ups and downs
at the Academy of Music grand opera
found a more splendid home at the
Henry E. Abbey was the
new general, and the veteran MaplesoD
prepared to give him battle at thf
Academy. Then followed a struggle
not unlike that whth is to be Tough
this season between the rival cohorts
Of Conried and Hammerstein. The
had for it's major attrac =
tons Christine Nilsson and Marcells
Sembrich. but the Academy was even
with the invincible Patti and
Etelka Gerster. then in the flower Of
her Incompatible art. The big, new
opera house brought ruin to its man.
ager, and the situation gave the advo-
Gates of German opera an opportunity
under Damrosch, to gain that foothold
for the Wagner cult, which has never
been much shaken.
GEORGE H. PICARD.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1907-01-18

creased to 100000. Then it began to
decline, because the trees had been
destroyed. and new fields could not be
found. Last year less than a million
pounds were produced II had been the
custom in Colombia to fell the trees,
and when the government forbade the
destruction the natives tapped the trees
in such a careless manner that they
died The same course was pursued in
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1907-01-18

nurseries were started at once. The
young plants in rows look like a field
of growing tobacco. The shoots are
set out about 400 TO the acre. When
they have begun to make a strong
growth, they are thinned out to about
a third of the original number That
is when they are at least six years of
age. Each young tree that is cut down
at this age will furnish five pounds of
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1907-01-18

quality. The total cost of extracting,
separating and shipping is not more
than cents per pound. This shows
where the immense profit comes in.
The value Of rubber has increased
greatly in recent years on account OF
the many new uses to which ii is put.
At the present time the supply is
scarcely equal to the demand.
The worst feature in connection with
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1907-01-18

III
= T may be said of the grand opera
in America that it has developed
into a great industry. AS such 1t
is quite as deserving of the popu-
lar attention as are, for example, the
broom corn trade and host of utilities
that are such and nothing beyond.
Ragtime may be the musical ultima
thule of the American masses-dis-
gruntled foreign artists who have failed
10 make an impression on this side of
the water have insinuated as much
but a successful business enterprise is
always matter OF interest, and the
fact that is coupled with music does
not make it less so.
Grand opera has had a long and de-
cidedly checkered history in this coun-
try. The first thing that strikes one
who studies its career of more than a
century and half is that it has been
a continuous, if not permanent, insti-
tuition, d ship ever changing its cap
tain and cargo and never until recently
coming safely into port Until the last
decade almost every promoter of the
industry has been buried under the
wreck of mimic trees, temples, gardens,
palaces and - the glittering parapher-
MALTA that serve to make the illusion
The day of financial defeat has come
as certainly to the impresario as the
rising OF the curtain and the going
down of the same.
The situation has changed materially
The number of those who may have as
much of it as they choose has been
multiplied greatly, and the ranks of
those who have acquired the habit of
opera going in spite of financial liInf-
tations have been sweIled amazingly.
Grand opera in this country will this
season enter upon new and striking
period in its history In New York
city there will be two great opera
houses in full swing at the same time.
with two keen witted and resourceful
managers vyin~ with each other to
please the public-and with a double
galaxy of the brightest and most costly
operatic stars scintillating to the very
best of their ability
II Is no eXaggeration TO say that the
situation created by these rival DUR
veyors to the public taste is UNIQUE
Should both Mr.. Conried and Mr.. Ham
merstein achieve success-and it seems
likely that they will-New York will
have won the distinction of being the
greatest opera loving city in the world.
NO other city in the world has ever
maintained two opera houses of the
same rank as the Metropolitan and the
new Manhattan, nor has any other city
supported as many operate spellbind-
ers of the first class as will be as
sembled in the American metropolis.
The first opera ever given in New
FORK was Gays THE Beggar's Opera"
This was sung in 1850 in building on
Nassau street by company of English
actors. who alternated it with farces
and English comedies. At that early
day Gays sprightly production was not
appreciated in America, for it is re-
corded that at its first performance the
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1907-01-18

the native method Of securing rubber
was that IL was rapidly killing off the
trees and thereby reducing the supply
Of the material The rise and fall of
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1907-07-11
CALL YOUR NEIeHsoRs IN EVERY WEEK

No man, matter how Independent he is, can get
along without the help of his neghbors Perhaps his
next neighbos may not often help him. but people
must make nails, and lumber poughs and hoes, and
many other things for him which he can't or hasn't time
to make for himself.
When we have lot of logs to roll or a barn to
raise threshng to do call in the neghbors and
the work goes much faster and better than it could in
any other way.
Almost everybody needs to learn many things from
his neghbors order to get along well in his home his
work and even his church and his politics. Now if
could only get the who knew most about each kind
of work that had to do to every week and tell
me how to do it in the best way ought to get on
great deal faster and better with all my work
Did you think that good newspaper brings to
your house week lot of your best neighbors
tell you what you want to know about your country
state and county and the of the world and help
you in your farm and garden in your orchard and in
your home to have everything done well and look well?
And did you think that if you knew some better
way of doing things than your neighbors if you would
just write it down and send to the paper you might
be helping thousand other or women to do their
work better?
II you not taking good weekly newspaper it
would be worth you every week than for
year to get one like The Citizen.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1907-07-11
MAYOR WOODS AGAINST WHISKEY

On June %. Mayor c. e, Woods is
sued a proclamation taking a strong
stand for local option in Richmond.
Mayor Wood asks. What are the
benefits of local option? and proceeds
to give the following answers:
More money for more merchants for
more food and clothing!
More happiness in more humble
homes both white and black
Fewer vagabonds, idlers, destitute
wives and children.
Less crime, disorder, assaults, mis-
understandings. cuttings and killings!
More laborers, cooks, wash-women,
nurses.
More crops, more stock, more mon
ey and more people out of debt
The brave stand that Mayor Woods
has taken promises well for the cause
of temperance in Kentucky.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1907-07-11
SUNDAYSCHOOL SUMMER SCHOOLS

With three great Summer Schools
for Sunday school workers in our
reach II will be almost criminal for
any Sunday school not to send at least
one representative. These schools are
in every respect up to the very high
est standard. Every Sunday school
should send at least one delegate, pay
his way. and have him make a full
report to the school on his return.
The first of these schools in point
OF time. Is the one at Monteagle, Tenn
.essee. only a short distance from
Nashville, and Nashville is only fifty
miles from the southern border Of
Kentucky. DR.. HamiIl. the dean, has
spared no pains to make this the
greatest thing of it's kind not only in
the South, but in America. He has
secured a one-fare rate for the round
trip. and good board can be secured
for 81 to $40 per week. This makes
the expense exceedingly light Be
sides the advantages of the school,
Monteagle is a delightful summer re-
sort where you can spend your vaca-
ton at a small outlay. The date of
the school is July 1880 Those who
contemplate going should write at
once to f. A. Butler, Monteagle, Tenn.
for list of boarding houses.
The next school in point of time
is our own school at Owensboro. Aug
ust Ali, in connection with the Sew
en- Hills Chautauqua. Subjects of vital
import to Sunday School workers of
every class will be discussed by experts
who are making a speciality of their
respective lines of work. This is an
opportunity that should be grasped
with eagerness, especially by the
workers in the western part Of the
State.
Last, but not least, is the school at
Winona Lake, Ind, Aug. 9-l6. Win
ona is the most popular summer re-
sort for Christian workers in America
This school is the first Of the Inter-
national Training Schools, and is
therefore the mother of them all. 1t
began with and has maintained a high
standard Of excellence. Last year a
large number registered from Ken
lucky and It ought to be more than
doubled this year. The railroads will
give reduced rates and good board
can be secured for Sc to $40 per week.
Remember the State Convention at
Madisonville, August 27-29. 1t will be
the greatest ever held in the state.
For further information and full
program Of either of these meetings
write to Il. A. Fox, Louisville, Ky.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1907-07-11
THE MOHAVE INDIANS
Another Letter from Representative
Gabbard.


Parker. Ariz., June p, 1907.
Dear Friends
The Mohave Indians are perhaps the
most primitive people In our country.
Only a few years ago they were al
most as wild as the desert coyote.
whose mysterious howl disturbs the
night
Il would be difficult 10 give a fail
and complete account OF all their pc
culiar habits and quaint customs, not
withstanding the fact that in most
ways they are much like other In
dams.
In general they are above the height
and weight OF the average Caucasian.
strong and active. yet move with an
ease and slowness that are not sug-
gestive OF expedition. They are quiet
and reserved, but when aroused be-
come fearless orators In defense OF
their cause.
The hair Is worn long and when
we'll kept ~ nihoVNh anu eA'"~@ "
adds a Wild beauty TO their stately
forms. There are no bald Indians.
even among the Oldest. From the
least to the greatest they are prone to
vermine. and when the insects have
exhausted long-onduring patience,
mud is made OF adobe and water and
the hair Is plastered until It is com
pletely filled and covered with a thick
cap which Is then bound up in a cloth
and allowed to dry This is worn for
several days, and thus primitive man
gains limited dominion over the
creeping things"
The faces of the men, women and
children are tatooed with various
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1907-07-11
Chief Contents of This Number.

PAGE ONE.
News of The Week.
Sunday school summer schools.
Editorial-Call Your Neighbors In Every
Week.
The Mohave Indians.
Letter from MIR. burgess.
PAGE TWO.
Seriai-The House of Thousand Candles.
The sunday school Lesson.
Road and Farm Improvement.
PAGE THREE.
Berea and Vicinity.
Take Notice.
College Items.
Town improvement and Law Enforcement.
stop Spread of Typhoid, by DIR. CowIey.
Comments.
The business Man and the Corporation
Problem.-JudgeP Peter :. Grosscup.
The Duty OF Faulthnding. Jean Victor
Bates.
Eat Light and Don't Lie Abed.-Thos. A.
Edison.
Youths Department.
PAGE FIVE.
story.-sIrs. Chase's Cure.
Temperance Notes.
PAGE SIX.
The Homs-A Corn Husk Basket, by Mrs.
Hill.
The school - Problems of the District
school, by Prof Dinsmore.
The Farm-The Hobson Idea. Continued
Latest Market Reports.
PAGE SEVEN.
News from Everywhere.
Recent State News.
PAGE EIGHT.
Eastern Kentucky Correspondence.
Harlan County Convention.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1907-07-11

John ID. Rockefeller was recently
summoned as a witness in the trial OF
case against the Standard Oil Co..
before Judge lands Of the Federal
Court at Chicago. His friends made
every effort 10 keep him from having
TO appear In court, bat Judge lands
refused all considerations; and so the
Standards ex-manager had 20 80 upon
the stand as any other common witnes
would. lie was called 10 testify Sat
urday. July 6. Many people suppose
that Mr.. Rockefeller did not wish 20
appear In court because he knew facts
that he did not care 10 tell about the
Fandard's business But il seems that
,he main reason is that he Is old and
infirm and simply wanted 20 avoid
the wear and tear OF appearing in
court
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1907-07-11
A LETTER FROM SUPT. BURGESS

Boston, July 5, 1907.
Dear Dr. Cook
! want to thank you for the Citizen.
I am interested in all that is going on
at Berea and The Citizen fills the bill
in every way.
Boston has had its Fourth with its
orations, regattas, games of every de-
scription, its entertainments of all
kinds, band concerts, fireworks from
a score Of stations. The ringing Of
bells, and the fire cracker brigade as
an awful accompaniment, lasting near
ly two nights and a day.
1t seemed as though this city with
more than half a million tried it's
best to break all previous records
and guess it did, in making a racket
And now the harvest of accidents
are being gathered in. Death in some
cases, broken bones, loss of fingers,
burnt and MANNED and otherwise dis
figured for life. And the small boy
comes in for a large share of the
hurts. So this Fourth, as all the
others, have passed into history.
When saw the sea. 1 wanted to
shout "Hurrah for the sea-" l am
much interested in the sailor life,
when l remember the Saviour was a
sailor as we'll as a carpenter. l
thought when l saw one of the big
Leyland liners feeling her way out
of the harbor with some 500 souls,
that if Jesus was on board, no storm
could sink that ship.
AS We sailed down the harbor the
most interesting sight was the ship
ping. all kinds. One with masts,
some with six, and others with 8
and 4, down to the smallest craft that
floats, and all there for a purpose.
Some taking on cargo, while others
are discharging. When 1 see enc of
those big freighters of $1,000 tons dis
charge her cargo, it seems as though
it would take a large part Of the CAM
pus to hold &C. l looked at the crews,
some of all nations of the earth. and
l said to myself, These are they who
go down to the sea in ships, that do
business in the great waters.
Old Father Taylor, the sailor preach
er, while alive here in Boston, steered
many a shipwrecked mariner safely
into the heavenly port
l had look at three Of Americas
fighters as they lay at the Navy
Yard. There is something very con-
vincing about those black muzzles.
sticking out Of the turrets. l have
seen them spit out fire sometimes in
honor of some distinguished visitors,
or for some patriotic demonstration
but what must it be like to see those
monsters in deadly combat.
was interested in seeing some Of
Uncle Sans gunners demonstrating
loading and firing one Of his big dis
appearing guns, weighing eighteen
tons, which was done with all ease.
This gun was to throw a shot weigh
ing 1000 pounds. l thought that was
the only flying machine that got to
the point it started for that l know
of.
Boston is getting ready for Old
Home Week. j am glad l am going
to get out before the home-comers
come in. There seems to be enough
people here now. Crowds everywhere,
in the parks, at the seashore, on the
cars, In the streets, all crowded.
have a good time telling people about
Berea. One man asked me If l was
going to hold meetings in the interest
OF the College. l said not that. but
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1907-07-11

marks. dates and signs. upon the fore
head. cheeks and chin. This is done
by perforating the skin with a sharp
point until the blood oOzes out and
then rubbing the bleeding flesh with
wood charcoal. The color is a pecu-
liar blush green, which remains fast
for life. Some OF the forehead figures
are: two parallel horizontal marks
with a row Of dotted circles between.
two parallel horizontal marks with o
row OF dotted diamonds between, dou-
BILE compasses. the rising sun. etc.
While the Indians have made con-
siderable changes in their original ha-
bits OF dress, yet Il is common In the
camps to see naked children and
grown-up folks, especially old men.
wearing sandals and few cents worth
OF cloth in the form OF a time-honored
garment, the very personiflcation OF
simplicity and economy. denominated
in Mohave ''wa-mRk-ha-vah," which
is by Interpretation a breech clout.
Their houses are odd and interesting
and It is probably the style of archi-
lecture introduced among them long
ago by the Spanish. Posts are set up
for the sides and ends and to support
the roof, then poles are nailed outside
and inside to the posts and the space
between them is filled with mud.
which when dried makes a solid earth
wall The roof Is nearly fiat and rests
upon poles laid from one wall to the
other. Small poles cross these at
right angles and a thick bed of arrow
weeds is spread over them and COW
cred several inches deep with earth.
There is no floor or ceiling and the
hut is close and unpleasant It has
one or two doors, a fire place and
sometimes a window There are no
beds, chairs or other furniture. but the
sand floor is a satisfactory substitute
for all.
Before the whites came TO live
among them they subsisted largely
upon the beans of the mesquite tree
which grows plentifully in the valley
and In many points resembles the To-
Gust tree. They also ate a certain spe-
cies of cactus, little game, few fish
and some lizards.
Horses. cattle. dogs and chickens
are their domestic animals. and as
very few of them own cattle. none
OF thcm use milk or butter. The wo-
men make some pottery and much
fancy bead work which they sell to
the whites
The natural senses of the Indians
are highly developed. The men and
boys can ride the swiftest ponies with
out saddle or blanket and are famous
with the bow and arrow. They are
skillful watermen and even the little
girls are excellent swimmers.
Nothing seems to afford them so
much pleasure as wild riding and
gambling. 1t is common. especially
on the white mans Sunday, to see the
men, women and children assembled
at some Indians camp" where a
great game of Koon-Kan is In prog
ress. Blankets are spread upon the
ground and several men and women
gather around each blanket, throw
down their money. deal off the cards
and the game begins. Some Indian
not engaged in the game rolls Gig
arettes for the company, many Of
CONTINUED on Third Pagel
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1907-07-11

From Chattanooga. Tenn, a band
OF thirty U. S. army officers started
on March to the Sea" through Geor-
gia along the route taken by General
sherman IN the Civil war. Some fear
that there will be unpleasant opposi-
ton to this sort OF celebration; but
the men say they expect a pleasant
reception along the way A year ago
n similar movement was started by
Father" Sherman. son Of Gen. sher-
man. but 80 much opposition was
aroused that the march had TO be Civ
en- up. Among the older Southerners
there Is very naturally strong feel
ing OF bitterness toward the men who
made the first great March to the
Sea" and al their old unpleasant mem
cries are aroused by these imitation
marches. Some leading Southern men
stoutly condemn the affair, because
they think Il tends 10 resive old III
feelings that should be allowed to die
out.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1907-07-11

Secretary Of the Navy Metcalf has
stated that eighteen or twenty OF
our biggest battleships are 10 be sent
from the eastern coast around Cape
Horn into the Pacific. Rumors have
been started that the United States
Is preparing for a war With Japan
but Secretary Metcalf says the ships
are being sent 20 the Pacific merely
on a practice cruise. lie denies that
there is any fear OF war on the part Of
naval officials.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1907-07-11

Mayor Schmitz OF San Francisco
has been convicted OF extorting money
from restaurant keepers and has been
sentenced TO five years In the state
prison at San Quentin. schmitz In
terrupted the judges speech several
times asking that the simple sentence
be pronounced without any lecture
90 the prisoner The Judge. however,
paid no attention to him and gave his
lecture. when the sentence was fin
ally pronounced. the crowds In the
courtroom oheered wildly.
The citizen. [volume] (Berea, Ky.) 1899-1958, 1907-07-11

Gov. Joseph Folk Of Missouri made
a Fourth OF July speech at Evansville.
Ind, to a crowd of 10000 people. The
main idea given I'm the speech was
that the state governments are becom-
ing more and moro important as the
nation grows greater, and that the
liberty aud safety Of the people depends
more upon good governors and state
legislatures that ever before.