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The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1907-09-10
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The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1907-09-10

them ont the window ard ther rut %
a pretty pair 90 patent lesasfsTE
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1907-09-10

4 few years g in an address 10
thirty graduates of a school of act
ing Mr.. Mansfield ave the following
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1907-09-10

some years 6 ManSt1eld was aD-
bearing in his great part of Richard
Ill a company Of Harvard students.
some because they needed the money
and some for the lark got places
as "supeTs' in the company.
n of the students in the course
OF rehearsal on the afternoon before
the performance did something which
d~ispieased the star. He broke forth
with all the vitroi.ic force Of his in
tense nature The student was mad
clean through" and vowed vengeance.
That evening he slipped into the
theatre a dilapidated wooden saw
morse. When Mr.. Mansfield proclailn~
ed = horse! a horse. my kingdom
for a horse" the aggrieved youth
dropped the saw horse in front Of the
actor IN full view of the audience,
then discreetiy made his escape.
Mr. Mansfield ordered the curtain
Tung down and offered a reward of
5000 to anybody who would pofnt out
70 him the man who had thus humili-
ated him.
When he was at school in England
the boys gave a performance of the
Merchant of Venice" Mansfield acting
Shylock. The Bishop OF Litchfeld was
a guest that day, and at the conclusion
of the play he asked the youthful
Shyiock to come forward. SO that he
might speak to him. Shaking the
boys hand. he said:
Heaven forbid that | should en-
should you if I mistake not, you win
be a, great one.
Many years later an interviewer ask
ed the actor what he thought of his
act.
"Sinc- Garrick's time there has been
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1907-09-10
To Regulate vegetable sales.

TO Fegu1ate Vegetable Sales.
Alderman Moore offered an ordi-
nanc making it unlawful for farmers
ceiling from their own wagons to buy
from other wagon for sale, or to scat
ter vegetables over the sidewalk and
street for display, putting a penalty
OF $500 on each transac-
The Chanute times. [volume] (Chanute, Kan.) 1897-1913, 1907-01-18

milk or bran will hurry up the quick growth
that Is now required better than to depend
entirely upon the home crops.
At an institute at Spencer, Indiana. I
once heard a noted feeder who has weighed
feed and grain for years say that II one
Is not careful he will find that the cost
was simple statement and spoken in a
slow way, but the people knew that every
word from the ole, feeder was golden.
After all 1t is wretchedly poor feeding
to pen stock and not furnish a balanced
ration Of some kind Better sell or knock
in the head. OF course a young animal
never be allowed even to go hungry. farther
than a good appetite in all his life.
AS to whether one should push as fast
as possible with costly feeds in order to
sell early is question which depends upon
costs of land and other conditions.
A farmer whom l have met in the hill
land of Southern Indiana had lots of cheap
pasture and he let his stock grow during
most of its life in a rather thin growing
condition. They were not poor.
They went to market at three instead
of two years and had lived on cheap food.
He either sold them to feeders with good
frame and a rayenous appetite for grain or
II he had corn he finished them. His hogs
went to market at fifteen months old but
were nice in size and healthy.
One of the most common mistakes l see
among our feeders is in not providing
enough pasture or silage to keep stock up
during dry summer weeks. l believe they
feeding.
One summer / had "a steers that would
weigh 1,200 pounds and the grass got very
short in August. l had ten feet of silage
and 1t was surprise to see how greedily
they ate II.
They would hardly touch 1t in the Spring
But during the dry weather they would fill
the mouth full and shut the eyes and chew
1t with the rich saliva druling in white
strings from the lips. Stock ought to be fat
enough to butcher when you begin feeding
them for market.
The Chanute times. [volume] (Chanute, Kan.) 1897-1913, 1907-01-18
RIGHT CARE OF SHEEP
AMERICAN FARM WORLD

The ram is the main thing. Unless the
head of the flock is everything he should
be, it will be impossible to breed up to
the highest standard
In selecting the ram, look for conforma-
tion, rather than size. Some big rams
are very poor breeders The ram should be
close to the ground. square as block,
well shaped head and clean cut all
around makeup.
If you are near good, big market for
lambs, Southdowns are about the most
profitable sheep to raise.
The man who goes into sheep raising for
market, ought to buy a few of the best
pure bred ewes he can afford. Get the best,
even IL you must limit the number. You
can then fill in with good grade ewes that
will not cost much, but which will bring
good lambs, II your ram is first-class.
Breed the grade ewes to the pure bred
ram and when the lambs, make wethers of
the rams and sell them off. The best of the
eve lambs can be kept and by closely
observing the rule of elimination, keeping
only the choicest, the flock will quickly
improve.
The weeding-out system should be carried
into the pure bred ewes as well. and every
aim is at the highest standard. Culls, even
II pure bred, should go to the block.
Sell the pure bred rams for breeding
purposes, as they will always bring good
prices.
Breed the pure bred ewes when about a
year old, and always select the best OF their
lambs to be. added to the flock.
1t is interesting work, this breeding UP
flock of pure blood sheep, and 1t pays ex-
cellently well for the time and money spent.
In fact, there is not another animal which
the man Of moderate means can raise that
will do the farm as much good and bring
in as much clean money.
Your sheep must always be well cared
for. summer and winter.
Have a place where they can get under
cover quickly in the event Of sudden storms,
which are likely at this season OF the year.
structure of this kind should be more
Is, some provision should be made for low
front which will break the storm.
than a roof; 1t should be so deep that
the sheep get far enough under that
II should also be a hooded shed that
Is, some provision should be made for low
front which will break the storm.
III this Is not feasible, a good way is to
build up straw stack or stack OF corn
stalks in the open in front of the open
part of the shed, but several feet away
so that the sheep will not feel that thSy
are penned in, yet can readily get in by
going around the stack on the other side.
The floor should be dry at all times
and 1t is an excellent plan to have more
MUNICH over to keep them happy and con-
tented.
1t is not intended that this shed be more
than a place of cover in case of storm.
The barn or stable should be the regular
home and arranged for comfort
The shed. as described, will save many
pounds OF mutton, for nothing will pull
sheep down more quickly than exposure to
storms.
The Chanute times. [volume] (Chanute, Kan.) 1897-1913, 1907-01-18
underwear

are three and half feet apart, and hills the
same distance, three kernels to a hill. Let
the scales determine 90 per cent Of the Sc
lection.
As the time for the pollen to ny APP
proaches, inspect every stock and detassel
all that are weak and barren. You will
discard about out Of every thirty-fve
rows for the following reasons: =
The ears7is carried too high or too low
the plants succor abnormally they have
deficient second roofing system, conse-
quently falling over or the stalk is of light
constitution and broader below the ear.
At harvest time each row Is shucked sep
arately and the corn weighed The rows
giving the highest rate of production are
saved for breeding. From each Nof these
rows we select ten or twenty ears for the
breeding plant the next year.
We have tested in the different varieties
some 5000 ears that bore no relation to
each other. From all of these we have
found but two strains of corn that have
given uniformly high yield year after
year.
The breeder must eliminate as far as pos
sible all experimental features that do-not
tend directly to improvement. IT, he can
attain normal uniformity of growth and
placement of ears at present he must be
satisfied
We pillow our corn as soon as we can
and pillow it four or five times. II 1t is a
dry season we cultivate as late as the
last of July or the first Of August.
We disc ground to get bed on top be-
fore breaking. We have tried listing but
thought 1t very much like raising corn in
dead furrow. However, this plan may
two and half inches deep.
The Chanute times. [volume] (Chanute, Kan.) 1897-1913, 1907-01-18
WEED OUT THE ROBBERS
C. LARSON, Iowa College of Agriculture

There are more than a million cows in
Iowa and they are valued at thirty millions
OF dollars The average production of but
ter fat by each COW is only 140 pounds per
year. The butter fat at twenty cents per
pound would make the value for each cows
product of fat only $2s Her skim milk
and calf would bring her earning capacity
to about $3S per year.
AS it is estimated that here in the Central
West 1t costs about $40 a year to keep
COW 1t will be seen that on average there
is very little profit in keeping any kind of
a that does not produce more than the
average Iowa cow now produces.
1t has been proven that by proper breed
ing and selection the average COW be made
to yield between 400 and 500 pounds of but
ter fat per year. In order to find out how
much a COW produces 1t is necessary to
weigh her milk and take samples for fat
determination.
1t is not necessary to test at each milking
because the average can be ascertained by
occasional testing. The simplest method is
to test and weigh the milk from each COW
every thirteenth week, the first test to begin
the sixth week after calving and to last
week. The results to be obtained during the
week are to be representative of what the
COW would do six weeks previous and six
weeks subsequent to the week of the test.
In this way the Improbable cows may be
discovered and weeded out.
II a COW does not produce 200 pounds OF
butter fat every year she should be disposed
OF, because she cannot be kept at a profit
Calves should not be raised from such cows,
because their calves will be poor producers
Farmers in the great corn belt have not
as vet paid very much attention to this mat
ter, because dairying has been only sort OF
adjunct to general farming. But as land Is
becoming more valuable every year IT means
that must adopt methods OF farming
which more profitable. All these things
indicate that more intensive farming must
be practiced. The most intensive farming is
dairying and IL the right kind Of cows are
kept 1t is profitable.
The Chanute times. [volume] (Chanute, Kan.) 1897-1913, 1907-01-18
sow CLOVER IN MARCH
B. COLBERT Missouri

l sow orchard grass with my clover in
stead Of timothy, l prefer orchard grass
for two reasons. One is that with seed
of my own raising never fail to get
second, 1t ripens with the clover. and II
the seed stock ripens big tussock of
green blades is mixed with the clover and
when clover is deep ripe these green blades
of orchard grass mixed through the hay
sweeten the whole and make it palatable.
l might also add third reason, which
is the best Of all, namely, 1t grows from
early spring till late fall and is great
drouth resister
1 have never failed to get a stand Of
clover, but lost one crop by freezing and l
think l sowed this in February. On March
18th, there were three blades on the clover
plants and they were killed.
1 sowed the same field in April anj got
a good stand. Lost two crops by drouth
after cutting off the oats and one crop after
cutting off the wheat.
l have sowed from February to April,
but prefer March. l got my best stand
and crop of three and half bushels of
seed the first year sown in the last half
of March on wheat land. Swing round and
round the field the width of three section
harrow. sowing Just before the team
l think the seed is the prime requisite
in getting a good stand of clover l have
always sown seed of my own raising or
else seed that | was sure was fresh: In
sure that fresh seed is the best and that
seed two years old loses % per cent of
its vitality, three years old 80 per cent.
four years old 80 per cent, etc. l know
this by experience.
Tho fifth year l sowed half bushel per
acre and about one plant in every five feet
was found. II sown early, when ground Is
checked you cannot harrow after sowing,
deep.
Even hard rain will injure the clover
IL coming up. Later when checks are
filled l generally run light slanting tooth
harrow to cover the seed. / attribute my
success more to using good seed than man
ner Of sowing
The Chanute times. [volume] (Chanute, Kan.) 1897-1913, 1907-01-18
SOUND SENSE IN DAIRYING

From 81 to 81 degrees is about the proper
temperature for the rinse water in winter
butter making.
II the dairy floor is cement, plenty of
bedding must be used so that the cows
udder may not touch the floor.
- When you go out to buy cows this fall
don't buy the first one you see. Look around
and see If you can't find better one
The great principle to be observed in win
ter dairying is to feed economically as re-
CARDS cost so as to acquire the best results.
wooden floor to the barn, to be prac-
ticable, should have sufficient slope to carry
off nearly all moisture and enough circula-
ton underneath to keep dry.
Sudden changes in the caf's ration must
be avoided. but changes should be made
gradually.
Silage has a greater feeding value than
the same forage would have II it were cured
by drying 1t in the field, because 1t is more
digestble.
When calves of different ages are fed TO-
gether they learn to eat grain when from
three to six weeks old. In their best devel-
opment they require all they will clean up
twice a day.
The man that pasteurizes his milk must
learn how to make good starters. He has
killed the bacteria IN the milk or cream, and
new kinds must be brought in II he wishes
to make good butter
In producing a high-grade cream, the
cows must be watched carefully that there
is kept and sudden dropping in the flow
Of milk is considered an indication that
something is wrong with, the COW that needs
attention.
The dairy room must be kept free from
germs and bad odors. The separator and all
utensils should be washed with care, and
the jars not only washed and rinsed, but
scalded each time before filling.
good way to ascertain whether you are
feeding your cows too much Is to watch the
hangers after the animals have finished eat
ing A lot of hay left over shows over
feeding.
Every utensil used around the dairy house
should be sterilzed before it is used again.
Sterilzing means-in this Casa liberal
use Of boiling hot water, soap suds and elbow
grease.
the yield of milk II you give it a chance.
The same rations that run through the
scrub cow will produce~2, 500 pounds of milk
in a year will, II run through high classr
COW, produce 5000 to 10000 pounds OF milk&
in year. Is 1t really worth while to keep
scrub cows?
The Chanute times. [volume] (Chanute, Kan.) 1897-1913, 1907-01-18
WANT A GOOD BROOD sow?
o. S WEsr, Iowa

In making my selections for a young
gilt for brood SOW l look back to her an
cesters and observe closely the particular
traits of the family. II any OF the past
generations are shy breeders and the gilt
is not an extraordinary individual, con-
denim her at once. On the other hand,
should she be of very prolific family and
not too shunky type, she is given trial.
l prefer a gilt Of good length without
coarseness. To sum the same up in few
words select those that have a motherly
look and Of a quiet disposition. Size with
finish is desired. and we must be careful
not to be carried away with the pretty
little dumpling.
But | do not advocate the selection of
ance. without spring of rib and with
back that drops from the shoulders and
hips
The back should be arched a trhe and
have good width and continue arched when
in farrow. A good mother carries with
1t a good sucker.
In mating gifts of my ideal type l prefer
to use a boar with triie more COM
pactness with as much style and action as
can be bundled up into his skin.
l am opposed to severe crosses, such as
using a rough boar on a small, fine brood
1t is best, on account Of blood lines,
that young sows should be mated to old
boars and the older sows should be mated
with a younger male.
My experience and observation on these
lines have been this That a rule a
young male will not secure as large lit
ter, hence the pigs grow large, ana young
sows bred to young boars will have trouble
more frequently than when mated with an
older male The litter from an old hog
usually are larger, hence the pigs are
smaller when narrowed.
Above all things breeders should avoid
all extremes in type to be mated, and II
the mating runs back to the same blood
lines three or four generations, much
the better, providing there is no violent de-
feet in the specimens crossed. Should this
be the case II will Intensity the defect.
To secure success in mating breeding anil
mails, make no violent outcross OF individ-
uals. This will give uniformity in the
general appearance that is SO much desired
by ALL
The Chanute times. [volume] (Chanute, Kan.) 1897-1913, 1907-01-18
Why Milk Regularly?

At a meeting of Illinois dairymen, Mr.
Charles Graves told why II was important
to milk with perfect regularity, the hours to
be equally spaced in every twenty-four. He
found that although it would not pay the
farmers TO milk three times a day, the milk
should be drawn every twelve hours for best
results The longer milk remains In the
udder. the less butter fat II will contain
when drawn, so when the milking time is let
run overtime a few hours considerable is
lost in quality and this is not made up at
the next milking, so that there is no way Of
regaining it, Thes richest milk, OF course,
is obtained by milking three times day,
but the increased per cent OF fat does not
pay for the extra work
The Chanute times. [volume] (Chanute, Kan.) 1897-1913, 1907-01-18
Notes on "Mortgage Lifters"

If pigs begin to show an out-of- condition
appearance don't think of medicine the
first thing. See IL some mistake in feeding
or care cannot be discovered, and II 1t is,
correct 1t.
Cause the pigs to fear you not, especially
those intended for brood sows they should
be assured that their keeper is kind, con-
siderate friend. Even a hog appreciates
such a friend.
The more feed the acre produces the lower
the cost of maturing the live stock, and
without necessarily decreasing the market
price of the stock The prolific acre makes
its influence felt in many ways.
II pigs are getting succulent food. exer-
else, sleep In clean beds, have fresh pure
air to breathe, there is but little complaint
about disease. The nearer these conditions
can be duplicated in winter the less disease
there will be to complain Of
The two litters- a-year system hastens the
weaving of the filters, bringing that event
when the pigs in the most critical stage
of their development 1t requires no little
experience, skill and previous preparation
to prevent prematurely weaned pigs from
getting a back-set that 1t may take the
profit on the second litter to make good.
The spring pigs that were red clover
or alfalfa pasture last summer are now
making pork at the minimum cost.
The Chanute times. [volume] (Chanute, Kan.) 1897-1913, 1907-01-18
~ ~
MSSI ALL AROUND THE FARM \
* ....'''.>'.. '....,
&: Continued from Page Five

feed without any other ration to speak of
you may consider yourself lucky If your
hog pen does not contain lot of sick ones.
Give the pigs clean water. Hot dish
water is pretty good but 1t is not very
much as a thirst quencher. The pig is
dirty animal only when his owner forces
him to be one.
A little alfalfa or clover1is mighty good
for the pigs at this time of the year Need
not cut it for them. They will attend to
that and be glad of the chance.
The fall shoat will be the fat hog next
spring. 1t is time now to begin pushing
him along just enough to keep him gaining
till you are ready to lay on the firm,
clean flesh.
The Chanute times. [volume] (Chanute, Kan.) 1897-1913, 1907-01-18
Beware the Kerosene

Some people seem to think that kerosene
is good for everything from curing gals on
horses shoulders to protecting seed from
insects and disease. 1t is folly to soak corn
or other seed in kerosene. because IL will in
most cases DESTROY the terminating power OF
the seed. Prof. Holden. of Iowa. has made
some experiments to test this and found that
corn seed soaked for Ave minutes did not
produce plants nearly as strong as those not
soaked, while seed soaked fifteen minutes did
not come up at all. Really the best use for
kerosene yet discovered is to make light and
heat.
The Chanute times. [volume] (Chanute, Kan.) 1897-1913, 1907-01-18
SOME MISTAKES OF FEEDERS
E. H. COLLINS. Indiana

Many years Of experience-some OF It
costly too-have proved to my satisfaction
that in a great many cases there is en-
and even hogs The fine large hogs with
heavy bone and vigorous vitality that our
fathers grew must have had a balanced
ration.
We now have them bred for earlier ma
turity but the same ration II obtainable
will still do for our main dependence.
In case Of nursing pigs or calves, a little
The Chanute times. [volume] (Chanute, Kan.) 1897-1913, 1907-01-18
Care of the Winter Pig

II will take several bushels OF Corn to
put, back the flesh on a pig lost while
shivering all night In a damp. wind swept
corner OF the feed lot.
II you have been stufing your pigs with
corn from the day 1t was ripe enough to
The Chanute times. [volume] (Chanute, Kan.) 1897-1913, 1907-01-18

LIaII OF NdHSdS. Dy tHC way VIII
White is ono of the tall men of Kan
sas when lying on his back.
The Chanute times. [volume] (Chanute, Kan.) 1897-1913, 1907-01-18
GROWING PEDIGREE CORN
J. d. FUNK. Bloomington. Ill.

Breeding plots are situated in isolated
places. We plant fifty or sixty numbered
ears Of certain variety, each in
single row, which is also numbered. Rows
The Chanute times. [volume] (Chanute, Kan.) 1897-1913, 1907-01-18

by a vote of 81 to 40. This bill
provides for striking from the stat
..,.as. the, death -nenalty in cases Of
The Chanute times. [volume] (Chanute, Kan.) 1897-1913, 1907-01-18

any PTCVIUUS ycdI' TIC IOtdI SHIP
ments for 1906 were 5,I7o.543 cases
as compared with $500, o3S cases