Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1907-08-18

question, which Is still unsolved: the
strained relations between
Serious Greece and Roumania. and
Questions finally the vigorous note
which Turkey has recently
addressed the government of Greece charg-
ing that government with responsibility FOR
the present violence and disorder in Mace
donia; such are some OF the serious ques-
tons OF the hour which menace the peace
OF Europe. and. it would seem. might with
justice to all concerned be submitted for
the action OF court Of arbitration.
A communication to the semi-ofnciai
Fredunblatt Of Vienna, July 81, expressed
approval of the recent Turkish note to
Greece. and assures the porte OF the good
will of all the powers in dealing ener-
eetically with the Greek bands in Mace
donia.
Greece and Servia," says the Fredn-
blatt, will be no longer able to avoid fol-
lowing the example set by Bulgarlans.
whose government has not only ceased to
support its disorderly subjects. but act
lively opposes the formation OF bulgarian
bands
The London Times Of August 8. in an
editorial entitled The War of Races In
Macedonia." declares that "one Of the most
painful features in the last blue book on
Macedonia was the monthly STATISTICS 1ur
nished by the British consuls or the muir
derous deeds of violence relentiessly per-
petrated by Greek, Bulgarian and Servian
bands, which the conflict OF warning creeos
and nationalities let loose over the whote
country The record OF atrocities commit
ted by those bands entirely eclipsed the
record OF Turkish atrocities during the same
period"
The Times, in conclusion. declares that
the secretary Of state for foreign a1air 3
had informed the Greek minister ina! tne
90 fho a
was undoubtedly the main obstacle 10 the
accomplishment Of the reforms undertaken
with apparent good faith by the sultan.
The secretary furthermore represented that
the tranquility Of Europe was being CON
stantly menaced and the abatement OK tho
nuisance by Greek, Bulgarian and Serv1an
governments was urgent. else II would nave
to be suppressed by other means when the
governments mentioned would be obliged to
pay the cost Of the operation. The Turkish
note to Greece is severe and accusative. and
II 1t does not provoke prompt reply II
may become necessary to refer the Ques-
ton to The Hague. which Is just now dis
GUESSING the proposition to establish per-
manent International court of arbitration.
In the house of commons on the LIST In
slant there was a general discussion of both
the Egyptian and Macedonian
English questions. and from the ex-
1,+.ras+ pressions of certain members,
the Egyptian as we'll as the
Macedonian question may be ultimately
submitted to The Hague.
In the discussion of the Macedonian Ques-
ton. which is imminently urgent. Mr..
Green wood, member from Peterborough.
maintained that England was particularly
responsible in Macedonia because respon-
sble indeed for the very existence of the
Ottoman power in Europe The Turkish
government. and not the Greek, Servtan and
Bulgarian bands. was the real criminal In
the matter, that government being content
to play Off those bands one against the
other. A member had urged that the
Turks, with $1,000 soldiers In Macedonia,
should be able to preserve law and order,
but NO one added the member, places any
confidence ip Turkish professions Of reform
unless he Is as blind as bat" The meTn-
Der urged England to assist itself and not
wait for the two great despotic and reac-
tionary powers to act Germany and Tur>
key. The $1,000 Turkish soldiers should be
reduced and the economy in the cost ap-
piled to reforms The keynote Of England's
action was to secure control. He suggested
an international supreme court of justice
and European governor of Macedonia, as
proposed by Lord Lansdowne in 1903.
The London Times in the further discus
sion Of the Macedonian question is disposed
to claim that the Turks are more sinned
against than SHINING, and applauds its cor
respondent from Turkey, who says: People
who wish to be thought impartial should
not forget that while the Turkish govern
ment must bear its share Of the blame,
the Greek, Bulgarian and Servian govern
ments, the Christian bishops and priests, in
Macedonia. the powers and even the Bal
kan committee itself, all to some ex-
tent and in different degrees responsible
for the present state OF things
1t is true, adds the correspondent, that
Turkey is bound by the treaty Of Berlin to
introduce reforms in her European prov
inces, but he claims that 1t is unfair to de-
nounce Turkey for not keeping her treaty
engagements when the action Of the Chris
tan Balkan states does not pretend to fulfill
the obligations imposed upon them by the
same treaty. which Is the old story Of the
mote and the beam in one anothers eyes,
and the correspondent adds: Turkey has
made three serious attempts to modernize
herself, once under Mahmoud II, once I'M
der the influence of misunderstanding, and
once under the leadership Of that ardent
patriot. Midhat Pasha. On each of these
portunity to declare war on Turkey. and
while fighting for her life ideas Of reform
were relegated to the rear"
The aforegoing considerations point in
dubitably to the necessity Of a permanent
court Of arbitration at The
Urgent Hague. MI Choate and Mr..
Mad Scott, the American dele
gates, and NJ. de Martens,
the Russian delegate, have recently dis
cussed the utility and necessity OF such a
court in an open session OF a conference at
The Hague.
Mr.. Choate in the course Of an eloquent
speech said that the scheme Of 1899. simple
and noble as 1t was in its outlines. had
only created q court in name. Nations had
not as a rule appealed to the court because
Of the expense involved A permanent
court should be created which would regu-
larly bring together the same Judges united
by the bond of their own Jurisprudence,
pronouncing decisions by the authority of
the united nations and progressively franz
ing a definite system Of International law
which would be accepted by the nations as
rule of conduct worthy to be compared
with that Of the first. In the first article
the plan proposed did not impair the vol
untary character Of arbitration, but the
court would remain open to all those who
desired to settle their differences by pacific
methods in order to avoid the uncertainty
and terrible consequences of war.
In the American proposal the court would
meet every year and sit until all cases had
been submitted and tried Every decision
would be by majority. There would be sew
enteen judges of equal rank with diplomatic
immunities and salaries at the common cost
Of nations. No Judge could sit in in
which his own country was interested ex-
cept by special arrangement. The powers of
Jurisdiction Of the permanent court might