Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1907-05-18
ARTICLE II.

thence to the cellules of the lungs,
where they generally settle and de-
Telop.
| VII now deal with the microbe
in it's life after entering the body.
Having gained access to this org
anism, the microbes enter into Il
struggle with the white blood corpus
Observation-Disclosures role in de-
Tense of the organism was discover
ed and demonstrated by Metchnikoff,
Pasteur Institute" The Leucocytes
are motile and Independent cells,
laying the same part in the blood
vessels and luuphatic glands, as do
the amoeboia cells in the bronchi.
They are able to pass through the
walls of blood vessels in fact, they
go everywhere, through all tissues.
They form, as it We're. the sanitary
police of the system; no sooner does
any foreign object invade the body
than the Leucocytes hasten thither
from all sides, surround it. devour it,
and digest it, and immobolise it
where it is.
This is precisely what happens to
the tubercuar microbes. No sooner
have they passed through the walls
of the ailimentary canal than they
are surrounded by the Leucocytes,
which immune them in the lymph
Z l.. oil do IN, ut of
The Leucocytes are unable to eat
and digest the tubercular microbes,
but they form around them an i'm
passable wall, and thus prevent them
from doing any harm.
Generally tuberculous infection is
arrested at this stage. Almost all of
us have some of the tubercles with
out suspecting it, and without suffer-
ing from them Although the mi
Crobes are still alive, although i'm
plisoned. they may escape when II
favorable opportunity arises, such as
weakness of the system from some
disease or prolonged strain, when
they will multiply rapidly and de-
velop an attack of phthisis. These
outbursts of tuberculosis are very
dangerous to young children, who
develop meningitis.
All efforts to discover a specific
| treatment a preventive vaccine, or
:. curative serum have up to the
present produced hardly any salts
factory result. Among the remedies
! discovered, Tuberculin was the
| first to attract wide attention. 1t is
! the product eXcreted by the tubercle
| bacillus When cultivated in suit
able broth Tuberculin is not a poi
son for healthy organisms, but it pro-
duces a reaction in tuberculOus sub
iects. even when the disease cannot
he diagnosed by ocular demonstra-
ton.
Koch, one of the worlds greatest
bacteriologists, recognized that tu-
lerculin was a necrOtic poison for
tuberculous'tissue and he hoped that
the reaction it produced would lead
to a cure and he had at first reason
70 expect this, for in certain cases of
| localized tuberculosis the necrosed It's
sue disappeared after a course of tu-
rerculin treatment, but in pulmonary
! tuberculosis this same treatment ag-
eravated the disease.
You will observe, then, that the
subject did not suffer when the leu
cocytes held the tubercle microbes,
as in a prison, but when the tubercu-
lin was infected it opened the tuber-
Gle by it's action on the tissue OF the
tubercle, setting free the tubercular
microbes, to multiply and invade the
whole organism. Thus after fair
trial tuberculin has been proved to
be dangerous and is not now general
ly used.
The attempts to obtain an anti-tu-
| bercular serum have had no more
success. The serums discovered by
Manorek of Austria and MaraglianO
Of Italy were both produced by the
| injection into horses of cultures of
tubercle bacilli, and the effect they
produced appears to be due mainly
| to the presence of tuberculin. Tu-
! berculin does not produce anti-tuber-
Culin as for instance, diphtheria toX-
| in produces anti-toXin in the body of
! the horse. Tuberculin, when inject
/ ed, remains unmodified and is elimi-
mated very slowly. Psychologists
/ tell us that in every case it has been
impossible to demonstrate that these
sera produce any curative or prevent
i've action in experimental tubercu-
losis. The attenuated virus OF Pas
teur has also given negative results
and it seems that the world is not to
get an attenuated culture of tubercle,
such, for instance, anthrax and chol-
Ella vaccine.
The effect of the Pasteur vaccine
is like the effect Of a mild disease
which ends in recovery and by which
the system is rendered resistant to a
severe attack, for we know that an
analogous effect is never produced by
mild attack of tuberculosis on or
ganism attacked hy tuberculosis for
the first time, which RECEIVERS Is ROM
dered predisposod 90 second attack
What is known as the lenuerian yac-