davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Los Angeles herald., 1907-08-19
RATS CARRY BUBONIC
PLAGUE SAY EXPERTS
plague Commission Advises Externin-
alton of Rodents-Fleas Also
Bear Germs of Dread
Disease
By Associated Press.

BY AssOCIdl5U
sIMLA, Aug. B,-The government has
announced that the plague commission
which has just finished the first stage of
its inquiry decided that the bubonic
plague is spread by rat that the vehicle
of the contagion is the rats and the flea,
and that the life of the plague germ in
the flea is of short duration
The government recommended the de-
struction of rats, the improvement of the
construction of houses, and the reduction
of the food supplies of rats by the protec-
ton of grain stores.
Los Angeles herald., 1907-08-19
TRIES TO SAVE GIRL;
BOTH ARE DROWNED
Prominent Young Persons Of Vancou-
yer Lose Lives on Launching
Trlp-Man's Body Is
Recovered
By Associated Press.

BY Associated Press.
VANCOUVER, Aug. 1S.-Miss Ellen
Waite and Joseph Sullivan, prominent
young people of this place, were drowned
in the Columbia river here tonight. They
were returning from launching trip and
had landed on barge alongside the Nor
thern Pacific dock.
In the darkness Miss Waite failed totsee
that there was a space of two feet be-
tween the barge and the dock and stepped
into the opening. Sullivan heard the girl s
cry as she fell in and went to her assist
ance. Sullivan's body has been recovered.
Los Angeles herald., 1907-08-19
MARRIAGE IMPOSSIBLE;
KILLS GIRL AND SELF
Young Woman, a Catholic, Gives Up
Her Protestant sweetheart-He
Shoots Her and Commits
Suicide
By Associated Press.

By Associated Press.
NEW YORK, Aug. 18.-The two years
courtship of 1S-year-old Ellen kiska ana
Joseph Pallogg, aged q years, ended
tragically tonight.
The girl is Catholic, while her lover
is not, and after a protracted struggle
with her conscience she decided finally
that she could not marry out of her
church.
The renunciation was made in the pres
ence of her family and moment later
Palogg had shot the girl in the breast
and put a bullet into his own body.
Both were dying when removed to a
hospital.
Los Angeles herald., 1907-08-19
BRITISH FORCE INVADES
VENEZUELA, IS REPORT
Captain Calder Said to Have Seized
Four Thousand Pounds of Gum
from Castro's Customs
Officials
By Associated Press.

BY Associated Press.
GEORGETOWN, British Guiana, Aug
18.-Capt. Calder with small frontier
guard is reported to have invaded Vene-
zuelan territory and recovered from the
Venezuelans customs commissioner 1000
pounds of gum alleged to have been IL
legally gathered on British territory. The
Venezuelan commissioner has protested
to the British consul and to President
Castro
LONDON, Aug. 1S--The foreign office
has not heard of Capt. Calder's alleged
invasion of Venezuelan soil.
Los Angeles herald., 1907-08-19
TRANSCRIPT OF STANDARD
CASE is TAKEN EAST
NARoDY, REvoLUTIoNIST HOPES
ineton to Confer with Bonaparte
Regarding Promises of
Immunity
By Associated Press.

By Associated Press.
WASHINGTON, Aug. 1S.-District At
torney Sims and Special Assistant Dis
trict Attorney Wilkerson of Chicago ar
rived here tonight, bringing the tran
script of the testimony taken in the re-
cent Standard Oil trial before Judge
Lands at Chicago.
The transcript will be submitted to At
+erney General Bonaparte tomorrow for
examination and determination as to the
question of immunity raised in the pro-
ceedings pending against the Chicago q
Alton railroad company for alleged grant
ing of rebates to the Standard Oil COM
pany
Los Angeles herald., 1907-08-19
GREEK AND NEGRO START
RIOT IN A THEATER
Fight Causes Such Disturbances That
It Becomes Necessary to Ring
Down Curtain and Clear
the House
By Associated Press.

By Associated Press.
NEW ORLEANS, Aug. 1S.-As result
of quarrel between negro and a Greek
soda water dealer In the gallery of a local.
theater here tonight, riot followed. Sew
eral persons were injured and dozen or
more arrests were made. 1t was neces-
sary to ring down the curtain and clear
the theater.
Los Angeles herald., 1907-08-19
COAST LINE TRAIN \
WRECKED NEAR HONDA
Three Passenger Coaches and Baggage
Car Go Into Ditch-Mai Clerk
Severely Injured by the
Accident
Ey Associated Press.

Ey Associated Press.
SAN LUIS OBIsPO, Aug. 1S.-A train
from Los Angeles, due here at o'clock
this afternoon, was wrecked near Concep-
ton, seventeen miles south of Honda.
Three passenger coaches and the bag
gage car were ditched. No one was seri-
ously injured except a mail clerk.
Los Angeles herald., 1907-08-19
TAFT LEAVES ON FIRST
STAGE OF MANILA TRIP
Secretary of War Is Expected to Make
Notable Speech Today at colun-
bus, ohlo--To Go Around
the World


BY Associated Press.
WASHINGTON, Aug. 1s.-Secretary
Taft left here today on the first stage OF
his trip to Manila. He expected to make
a notable speech at Columbus tomorrow.
When the secretary sails from Seattle
he will be Joined by members Of his FAM
lily. Mr.. Taft will return in December
via suez. completing a trip around the
world.
Los Angeles herald., 1907-08-19
courts-MartlaI Fewer

ASSOEIdlEU TTtb8s
WASHINGTON, Aug. 1S.-Judge Advo-
cate General Fosters annual report for
the fiscal year shows S91S court martials,
mostly for desertion, decrease of $50
for the year. There were 1101 desertions
and 1872 cases of absence without leave.
The report dwells upon the evil results
which have followed the abolition of the
canfeen
Los Angeles herald., 1907-08-19
THREE KILLED, TWO HURT,
WHEN AUTO HITS TRAIN
Manufactures, His Mother and Her Sis
ter Meet Death at Railroad Cross
ina-Two other Women
Injured
BY Associated Press.

BY Associated Press.
GREAT HARRINGTON, Mass, Aug. Is.
Charles j. Root, an automobile manu-
facturer. and his mother and her sister
were killed today when their automobile
ran into railroad train at crossing
near here. Mr.. Roots daughter and his
nieca were seriouslY injured
Los Angeles herald., 1907-08-19
steel plant Destroyed

CUMBERLAND. Md. Aug. 1S,-The
plant of the Cumberland Steel company
was totally destroyed by fire. The loss is
estimated at $350,OO0. The plant produced
accurate steel castings and is said to have
been the only one of the sort in the world.
Los Angeles herald., 1907-08-19
violent Earthauake Recorded

BY Assoclated fress'
LAIBACH, Aug 1S.-A violent distant
earthqualse was recorded in the observa-
tory here last night, beginning at 6:SS and
lasting fifty minutes. 1t is calculated that
the earthquake was distant $500 miles
erom Lalbach
Los Angeles herald., 1907-08-19
RUSSIA HAS AN ELABORATE
PLAN FOR EASTERN DEFENSE
By Associated Press.

BY Associated Press.
WASHINGTON, Aug 1s.-Mail advices
show that Russia's new plan of far east
ern defense includes the fortification of
Ir.sutzk as a base, with the town of Chita
as an outpose; another line of railroad
through the Amur valley from Chita to
Vladivostok and the fortification of the
latter city calculated to make 1t impreg-
nable
Los Angeles herald., 1907-08-19
Younqer's Sister Killed

BY Associated Press
KANSAS CITY, Aug. 1s.-Mrs. Emma
Leach, sister Of Cole, Jim and Bob
Younger, died here today as the result of
injuries sustained in street car accident.
She was 54 years old.
Los Angeles herald., 1907-08-19
Arrange Wireless Service

~ Associated Press
WASHINGTON, Aug. 1S.-The army and
navy department have arranged to CO.
operate in maintaining wireless commune
cation between Nome and St Michaels,
Alaska, and Seattle and San Francisco.
Los Angeles herald., 1907-08-19
Retired Admiral Dies

~ Associated Press.
PHILADELPHIA, Aug. 1s.-Rear Ad-
miral Joseph Adams Smith of the United
states navy. retired, died here today, aged
20 years. !
Los Angeles herald., 1907-08-19
To Test BattIeshlps
BY Associated Press.

I BY AsSOcIated Ffe5s.
WASHINGTON. Aug. 1S.-Final trial
runs for the battleships Vermont and
Kansas have been fixed for September 8
and October ). respectively.
Los Angeles herald., 1907-08-19
cHARcoT HOPES TO e:scovER
SOUTH POLE ON NEXT TRlF
BY Associated Press.

BY Associated Press.
PARISH Aug. 1S.-pr. John Charcot,
who headed the French Antartic- expedi-
tion of 1898, says that he is organizing
another expedition and hopes to start in
July, 1908, in an attempt to discover the
south police. .-a..
Los Angeles herald., 1907-08-19
Quiet at Prescott

| BY Associated Press.
PHOENIX, Ariz., Aug. 1S.-There is no
trouble at present, although a complete
strike of telegraphers is on,--and the town
is cut off except by telephone.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1907-06-01

like the male, is strong, swift dier, and
can carry her eggs long distances before
depositing them. For this reason the
brown-tail has spread much farther from
Its point of introduction in Massachusetts,
than has the gypsy. In its flight 1t is
often aided by strong winds, and is also
transported on steamboats, and in electric
and steam cars, to which it is attracted
at night by the lights.
The brown-tail is already known to
have spread at least as far northeast as
Eastport, Me-, and far south as Cape
Cod. To the west it has been found at
Amherst, Mass. The eastern portion of
Massachusetts, from north to south is now
quite soIidly infested, although less 50
south of Boston, and the moth, doubt
less, exists in many communities in and
out of the state from which it has not
yet been reported.
1t is evident that the determination or
suppression of these pests can never be
successfully accomplished by leaving the
matter TO individuals. Unless a parasite
can be found to prey upon and destroy
the eggs of these moths-and the State
of Massachusetts is already experiment
ing with a tiny fly which It is hoped
may perform this useful serTice-it Will
require the persistent action of the peo-
pie collectively as a state as we'll as In
dividualIy as citizens to make any head
way whatever against the present whole
sale devastation. If the mania of the
small boy for the collection of birds eggs
could be diverted into as ardent liking
for the discovery of the nests of the
gypsy and brown-tail moths, the New
England lads could render a distinct and
wholesome service; but the lack of vari-
ETY. in the sport would probably mean its
speedy desertion.
Meanwhile 1t is a condition which con-
fronts New England and not a theory.
If the trees are to be saved. the labor
must be expended to save them, even
If 1t presses into the service of moth
catching the small boy as well as the
small boys parents.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1907-06-01

OF the pest over the entire country would
be Inevitable, and no doubt would have
been long since accomplished.
After mating the moths live but a short
time. They take no food: all damage to
follow is done by the caterpillars. The
female dies after depOsiting her egg mass.
1t is thus during the caterpillar stage that
the moth spreads chiefly. While they do
not crawl very far from the place in
which they hatch, except when there Is
scarcity of food. they have the habit when
small and young of spinning down on
their silken threads from trees and fall
ing on vehicles and other moving objects,
and are thus carried from place to place.
Electric cars. pleasure and business We
hicles, bicycles and automobiles are thus
media for their transportation. II is for
this reason that the state In its initial
warfare on the pest devoted its energies
chiefly to trees and woodlots and orchards
adjoining the highways and their moving
vehicles. The caterpillars often crawl
upon vehicles standing in an infested spot.
and when the same are moved extend the
infested area. The egg clusters them
selves may also be transported by any of
the numerous objects upon which they are
laid. Freight cars that have stood upon
sidings near infested foliage for period
long enough for the laying of the eggs in
their crevices sheltered angles may
even thus transport the pest over long dis
tances. and II is quite possible that the
moth has not vet revealed the infection.
From August to May the egg masses
may be found in places near where the
moth emerged from the pupa case In
laying. the female moth chooses tree
trunks. the under sides of limbs. sheltered
crotches and holes in trees. hollow trees
crevices in under rough bark. The
egg clusters are also found shrubbery.
buildings, scattered and heaped rubbish,
barrels. boxes and similar objects stand
ing out of doors. woodpiles. stonepiles,
fences. walls. powders and the like. They
have been found upon an immense va
riety of objects. and occasionally are
seen in almost any situation that is not
too remote from vegetation. The tend
ency is to deposit the eggs on the lower
inner surface of the object, but when
the moths swarm in one place, as they
sometimes do, they disregard all rules.
and their egg masses may be found
plentifully In plain sight and out and in
all sorts of places. even inside buildings
From May to August the caterpillars
may be found in various stages of growth
diminishing rapidly in numbers after the
middle of July. In the spring the small
ones appear on the foliage. feeding prin-
cipally on the under side of the leaf. As
they grow they cast, or "molt," their
skin several times, and these molted skins
are characteristic signs of the presence
of the moth. As the caterpilIars acquire
size their protective instinct reads them
to begin to feed only at night and during
the day seek shelter generally in clusters
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1907-06-01
Antiques for Selling.

adorn the mantelshelf in the cottage.
These, If of brass. are not worth very
much, even though old. The searcher
should keep his eyes open for those
known as "Shefield" make. These are
always in good request, especially II the
shape is elegant. This kind of candle
stick was as a rule made of copper and
then plated with silver, and the red color
of the former metal may be generally
discerned at the worn edges. If not, a
tiny portion of the article scraped with
penknife will reveal the nature of the ma
terial underneath. The mere fact Of these
Sheffield candlesticks being In a dirty con-
dition does not take away from the value
at all and, indeed, is likely to enhance Il
as being In some cases a sign of great
age.
OF course, violins are rather didicult
things for the amateur buyer to value,
and before specializing to any extent Il 10
wise to engage In some small course of
study as to the various makers.
Still, one cannot go far wrong In risking
two or three dollars on any old violin.
Not so very long ago an old violin was
mentioned In the London papers as hav-
ing been picked up at a country auction
sale for about 81. This turned out to
be n "Paganinl'' OF course. 1t sold
easily afterwards Tor an immense sum
running into thousands of dollars 1t
may be instructive to mention that the
name of the maker of the violin of repute
Is usually to be seen on the inside Of the
case, looking through one or other of the
curious $50 shaped holes which appear
on the face of the Instrument.
The appraising of the value Of pictures
is a thing of itself. but little study of
the works of some of the great painters
will soon give the treasure-hunter suf-
ficient knowledge to prevent being done
Most particularly one should be on the
lookout for small water-color paintings
by such a man as Mason. for instance.
These are often somewhat Insignificant
to look at. and yet worth a great deal
of money. case In point is that which
happened to a friend of the writer's. A
small water-color picture about six inches
square was picked up for 81. The
lucky buyer discovered 1t was by a cele-
brated painter and sold 1t to a dealer 10
London for 5000. 1t is known that there
are a large number of Turner's pictures
in various parts of the country. and the
same might be said of many other famous
artists.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1907-06-01

the shady side of tree trunks, beneath
large limbs. under rough or loose bark
in holes in trees, under fence rails, in
walls, stoneheaps, rubbish piles-in short,
in any accessible place affording shelter
from discovery.
This habit of the caterpillars of feeding
a night and hidin.: during the day has
suggested one means for their destruction.
especially in orchards and upon shade
trees. All one has to do is to f..rnish a
good and convenient place in which they
may hide. and then slaughter them In the
broad day. when they may readily be seen
~ uncovering their prepared refuge. AS
good a way as any, and one which has
been quite extensively followed in Mas
sachusetts. is to tie a short skirt of bur-
lap upon the bole of the tree, and If very
large tree some of the larger limbs as
well. When the daylight comes the cater
pillars leave off feeding the tender
leaves and crawl to the trunk of the tree
in long professions Finding the burlap,
they crawl under 1t and compose them
selves to rest through the heat of the day,
until their enemy, man, comes along,
lifts the burlap skirt and scrapes them of
the tree trunk into pan for burning.
Bat to dress all the trees In the infested
district with burap skirts and attend ITO
them daily would require the services of
hal; the population of New England. That
is merely a way to protect certain trees
after the eggs have been hatched There
great acreages of brush and sprout
land in which the pest also breeds. and
no burlap method would here avail When
such a plot becomes infested there Is but
one thing to do-clear 1t and burn 1T. and
thus destroy the eggs. But the burning
must be we'll done. AS the eggs with
stand the rigors of the New England wiz
te:, so are they ais remarkably resistant
to fire. An intense heat applied directly
to the clusters is required to kill them.
Where low cost woodland and unim-
proved tracts of brush are extensively In
tested, and 1t is not desired to save any
of the young saplings. 1t is sometimes
thought wise to burn the ground over
with oil after the brush is cleared, to de-
stroy eggs scattered in cutting. If 1t is
desired to save the saplings they require
to be carefully gone over. after the brush
is cleaned out and burned the egg clus-
tiers searched out and destroyed by paint
ing with mixture of creosote. To scrape
them off would not avail; 1t would simply
scatter the eggs. Then. this labor ac-
compished, the trees must be sprayed in
the spring with u solution of arsenate of
lead to Kill the young caterpillars. and
burlapped through the summer to kill
those which escape the spraying. The
labor that must actually be performed,
which must be persistent and reverend
ing If the pests are TO be kept from dis
astrously multiplying, not, ito speak of
their possible extermination,9is enough to
stagger the man who owns a few acres of
orchard or woodland.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1907-06-01

ing the following spring to complete its
when only oneQuarter grown and emery
life history. The extremes of cold in New
England do not seem to affect these In
sects adversely. They emerge in the
spring-usually early in April-eat first
the buds and then the blossoms and at
tack the foliage of fruit trees soon as
1t develops. The full-grown caterpillar is
about two inches in length. with a broken
white stripe on either side and two con-
spicuous red dots on the back near the
posterior end. Stripping the foliage of one
tree, they go to others and continue to
eat until full grown. when the cocoons
are spun within the leaves at the ends
of the branches.
The moths are pure white on the wings
The male is slender-bodied, while the fe-
male has a conspicuous bunch of brown
hair at the tip of the abdomen, from
whence the name 'brown-tail moth"
B. the male and female brown-tail
moths fly mainly by night and greatly
attracted to lights. AS in the case of the
gypsy moth. all the destructive work of
the brown-taiI is done by its caterpilar,
which. unlike the gypsy moth caterpillar.
habitually feeds by day. 1t has. how
ever, the same spinning down" habit
and so travels extensively by the way OF
moving vehicles.
While the gypsy is best destroyed in
the egg the brown-tail is most accessible
in the caterpillar web. The winter webs
or nests containing the alternating cater
pillars are conspicuous objects at the
tips of twigs from October to April.
These webs may be sought out and re-
moved by the use of pole shears or long
handled primers. and then carefully col
Iected and burned. When light snow
is on the ground the work of web de-
struction can be best carried on as when
the web Is brought down by the shears It
is not apt to be overlooked upon the
snow Where tall trees are infested two
men, one to point out the nests from the
ground and the other to cut them off,
can work TO best advantage.
The female winged brown-tail moth,
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1907-06-01

But the gypsy moth does not ravage
alone. Early in the COS another variety
of pest of the general character
was imported into Massachusetts, sup
posedly in a shipment of roses from Hol-
land. 1t was the "brown-tair' moth. This
insect. although slightly differing In its
habits from its predatory companion, is
every bit as destructive. and in some To-
calities has been distinctly more so. Som
erville, Mass, has the honor of letting
loose this pest upon the country. In Eu-
rope 1t has long been a pest of fruit and
shade trees. and is called the common
caterpillar" In America 1t began its
feeding almost wholly upon fruit trees,
but within the past five years 1t has
adapted itself to the taste for various
species of forest trees, notably the oaks
In the spring as soon as the buds unfold
the young caterpillars begin to feed. and,
where they are numerous, completely
strip the tree. however large. When the
food supply gives out they swarm along
fences and walks in search of foliage
Unlike other caterpillars, most of which
may be handled with impunity. when the
caterpillar of the brown-tail moth comes
in contact with human flesh there is pro-
duced a most severe and painful netting.
This is due apparently not to any poison
GUS secretion in the hairs, but rather to
the finely barbed and brittle hairs them
selves, which enter and break off In the
flesh So severe is this affection that in
many cases in Massachusetts, people have
been made distinctly Ill by 1t. and as it
swarms in some places in immense num-
bers in the vicinity OF the house, which 1t
frequently enters, it may often be touched
inadvertently.
The egg mass of the brown-tail some
what resembles that of the gypsy, but 1t
is seldom laid upon tree trunk or any
where save on the underside of a leaf 1t
is smaller and more elongated than the
gypsy egg cluster. and of a brighter, red
dlsh-brown color. But here comes In a
radical difference In habit. The eggs of
the brown-tail do not hatch until August.
One would conclude from this that the
caterpillars could do little damage, being
born after the foliage has practically
served its purpose and is ready to turn
sere and wither, and they do cause but
little damage the year in which they are
born. When they first hatch they feed
for a while on the upper surface of the
leaves, but soon commence the work of
spinning their winter webs In making
the web a number of leaves are drawn
together, and a tenacious silken thread Is
woven about them. The web is grayish
In color, composed of dead leaves and
silk. and is very hard to, tear apart
Each web contains about $50 caterpillars,
and varies in length from four to six
inches. With the approach of cold weather
the caterpillars enter the web and close
the exit holes.
Then is demonstrated the Strange phe-
nomenon of a caterpillar "wintering over