The evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1907-1908, 1907-10-03

aud show them courtesy and re- 2
spect, and on the other hand. us !.
!. we are yet a good way of from Z
the millennium, to keep ourselves =
in such shape as to make it evil Z
J. dent to all men that we desire =
. peace because we think ii is Just :.
q and right and not from motives ;
!. of weakness or timidity. Z
:. "To repel hostile attacks the I.
3 Qualifications, and not the navy, 2
!. must be used, hut the hest way +.
:. to parry Is to hit-no fight can !.
= ever be won except by hitting Z
!. and we can only hit by means of Z
p. the navy. :.
= serhe navy must be built and I
= all its training given In time of 3.
+ peace" !.
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hcations. and not the navy, must be
used; but the best way to parry Is to hit
no fight can ever be won except by hit
ting-and we can only hit by means of the
navy. It is utterly. Impossible TO impro-
wise even a makeshift navy under the
conditions of modern warfare Since the
days of Napoleon no war between two
great powers has lasted as long as 1t
would take to build a battleship, let alone
a fleet of battleships; and it takes just
as long to train the crew of a battleship
as it does to build it. and as regards the
most important thing of all. the training
of the officers. it takes much longer. The
navy must be built n all it's training
given in time of peace. When once war
has broken out 1t is too late to do any
thing. We now have a good navy, not
vet large enough for our needs, but of
excellent material. Where a navy is as
small as ours, the cardinal rule must be
that tho bnttleships shall not be separated.
'This year ] am happy to say that we
cha11 haofn a rourap which 7 hOOp will he
steadily followed hereafter, that. namely,
of keeping the battleship fleet alternately
IN the Pacific and in the Atlantic. EARLY
in December the fleet will begin its voyage
to the Pacific, and it will number, friends,
among its formidable fighting craft three
great hattleships, named, respectively, the.
Illinois, the Missouri and the Kentucky.
1t is a national feet in every sense of the
term. and its welfare should be, and l
firmly believe is. as much Il matter of
pride and concern for every man in the
farthest interior of our country as for
every man on the seacoast. A long ocean
voyage is mighty good training; and not the
least good ii will do will be TO show just
the points where our naval program needs
strengthening. Incidentally, I think the
voyage will have one good effect, for, to
Judge by their comments on the movement.
some excellent people in nv own section
of the country need to be reminded that
the Pacific coast is exactly as much a part
of this nation as the Atlantic coast.
so much for foreign affairs. Now for
a matter of domestic policy. Here in this
country we have founded a great federal
democratic republic. 1t is a government
genuine democracy: inc the theory of our
constitution is that each neighborhood
shall be left to deal with the things that
concern only itself and which it can most
readily deal with; so that town, county,
city, and State have their respective
spheres of duty, while the nation deals
with those matters which concern all of
us, All of the people, no matter where we
dwell. Our democracy is based upon the
belief that each individual ought to have
the largest measure of liberty compatible
~Vlduals. that the average citizen, the plain
man whom we meet in daily life, Is nor
mally capable of taking care Of his own
affairs, and has no desire to wrong any
one else; and yet that in the interest of
all there shall be sufficient power lodged
somewhere to prevent wicked people from
trampling the weak under foot for their
own gain.
Our constant endeavor is to make a
good working compromise whereby we
shall secure the full benefit OF individual
initiative and responsibility, while at the
same time recognizing that 1t Is the func-
ton of a wise government under modern
conditions not merely to protect life and
property, but to foster the social develop
ment of the people so far as this may be
done by maintaining and promoting JUS
tice, honesty and equal rights. We believe
in a real, not a sham, democracy. We be-
lieve in democracy as regards political
rights. as regards education, and, finally,
as regards Industrial conditions. BY
democracy we understand securing, as far
as 1t Is humanity possible to secure It,
equality of opportunity, equality of the
conditions under which each man is TO
show the stuff that is in him and to
achieve the measure of success to which
his own force OF mind and character en-
title him. Religiously this means that each
is to have the right, unhindered by
the state, to worship his Creator as his
conscience dictates, granting freely to 9th
erS the same freedom which he asks for
himself. Politically we can be said sub
stantially TO have worked out our demo-
cratic ideals, and the same is true, thanks
to the common schools, In educational
matters. But in industry there has not az
yet been the governmental growth neces-
sary in order to meet the tremendous
changes brought about in Industrial condi-
tons by steam and electricity. 1t is not
IN accordance with our principles thai liter |
any despotic power should be put into the
hands OF o few men in the affairs of the
world. Our effort must be for a
Just and effective plan of action which.
while serupulously safeguarding the rights
OF the men of wealth. shall vet, so far as
Is humanity possible, secure under the law
to an men equality of opportunity to make
Il living.
81. is to the interest of all of us that the
man of exceptional business capacity
should be amply rewarded, and there Is
nothing inconsistent with this in our in
slstence that he shall not be guilty of
bribery OF extortion, and hat the rights
or the wage-wOrker and OF the man of
small means, who are themselves honest
and hard working, shall be ~scrupulously
safeguarded. The instruments for the on
ercise OF modern industrial power are the
great corporations which, though created
by the Individual States, have grown
far beyond she control Of those States and
transact their business throughout large
OF the Union. These corporations
IKE the Industrial conditions which have
called them into being, did not exist when
the constitution was founded, but the
wise forethought of the founders provided, /
under the interstate commmerce clause of
the constitution, for the very emergency
which has arisen, II only our people as a
is; for If the people thoroughly realize II.
their governmental representatives will
realize 1t also. The national govern
ment alone has sufficiently extensive power
and jurisdiction to exercise adequate con-
troll over the great interstate corporations.
While this thorough supervision and con-
troll by The national government is de-
sirable primarily in the interest of the
people, it will also, I firmly believe, be to
the benefit Of those corporations them
which desire to be honest and law
abiding. Only thus can we put over these
corporations one competent and efficient
sovereign-the n~ation-able both to exact
Justice from them and to secure Justice
for them, SO that they may not be al
tefnatsly patnpered and oppressed. The
proposal need be dreaded only by those
corporations which do not wish to obey
but prefer to take their chances I'M
Inr IN ; DEacnnf IpnI nF n1I uaGfnnn and . n I