The Montgomery advertiser., 1907-02-08
Talk of Growth of h. dustry in South. PRES. CARY MAKES REPORT Declares Tick the Greatest Enemy
 of Cattle. Appropriatiou for Extermination of Pest More Important Than Ill.,
 Advised Educational Aid,
 Says A. II. Moore.
PRES. CARY MAKES REPORT

| gates representing every section oi 1 the State in attendance, and speakers ] on the lrogram who are recognized au- thorit.es on the subject of the live stock | industry.
 l The opening session was devoted tc the preliminary preparations for the business of the convention meeting and to the annual address of President | Cary.
 Tho President explained that because I of the recent resignation of the sec retary, and the short time in which the l acting secretary, D. T. Gray. was N obliged to prepare his report, this pa | ing session today. There was a large attendance at both the afternoon and evening sessions, among whom were a number of students from some of the Alabama agricultural schols.
 Among the most important addresses which will be made at this meeting of the association will be one on Live Stock Husbandry in ths South" by pr. S. A. Knapp, of the Untted States De- partment of Agriculture at Washington; How the Railroads View the Live Stock Industry in the South." by M. V. Richards of Washington. D. C.. In- dustriai Agsnt of the Southern Rail- way. and Immigration and It's Rela- ton to Live Stock Farming in the South" by Col. Robert Gates of Ten- nessee. These addresses will be among those delivered before the Association i today In calling tho me.ting to or der. Dr. Gray expressed his pleasure at the large attendance.
 pr. Cary Talks on Live Stock. In his address, Dr. Cary dealt with the subject of i've stock growing gen. orally afterwards giving special at- tent:on to every branch of the indus- try. pr. Cary said in part:
 We are growing so rapidly in both wealth and all forms of material civil Ization, that many people have not stopped to consider that an economic use of the world Is imperative. Agri- cultural methods in the South have now reached a stage that it becomes an imperative necessity that an economic use of lands or soils be developed. Ev- cry country and every people have had their days of extravagance and waste. Natural soil fertility has been greatly exhausted by careless and ignorant methods of farming. But as nature is inexorable and necessity forces inven- tion, we are marching boldly up to the new problems by way of intelligence and economy. Development along the various lines of agriculture among all our eople wil, enrich the nation. we measure the results of farm ami mechanical work by the value of the products. The productive power of each worker on farm Tn Alabama Is abost S150. In Iowa 1t Is about 1000. Why this difference? The i'm telligent and economic farm laborer in Iowa against the ignorant and waste ful farm laborer of Alabama accounts for much of this great variation. It may be Iowa as a whole has richer soil than Alabama: but the longer growing period and other climatic ad- vantages of Alabama over Iowa make up for the advantage Iowa has lii bet ter soil. Iowa can grow only one crop year, while Alabama can produce two and sometimes three. Nature puts the two States on even terms. but in- telllgence and economic farming sep- arates the two States. as 15O is to 1000.
 Tn 1870 Iowa was a great wheat growing State. Ten years later Iowa had develo~ ed into a great live stock State, and along with it, keeping pace with the growth of live stock, was the diversification ard rotation of farm crops. Had Iowa farmers continued to grow wheat until now, would her lands and rural homes be as rich and valu- able as they are? A fertilizer man If nationa 1experfence tells me that prac- | tica1ly no commercial fertilizers arc | sold or used in Iowa. Iowas farm efficiency measures 1000 and Alabama's g i I50.
 Must Improve Alabama Agriculture. l We must and We can change this
 so far as Alab?ma is concerned. We would not pull down Iowa, but we must lift up Alabama by educating all
 our farmers and farm laborers in the
 better ways of planting and cultivat- l ing; in the best kinds of crop rotations;
 in farm drainage; in better ways of breeding and selecting seed: in proper I ways of making and using fertilizers;
 fin the use of improved machinery; in ! economical farm methods; and, lastly,
 in laws and methods of breeding, se-
 lecting, feeding and handling of live 1 stock
 Up to the present time the civilized | world has never found a method of II farming that will equal or in any way
 compare with a system of agriculture
 which embraces live stock as one of
 the main factors; without live stock
 it costs too much to maintain and inn II prove soil fertility"
 Beginning with cattle industry. Dr.
 Cary treated the several branches of
 the live stock industry under separate heads. going thoroughly into the mer- its of each particular branch. The price of milk cows has advanced in the past ten years from an average of II Sll.l2 per head to S20. 40. and iD other
 cattle from an average of $6.sS to
 sS.32 per head. The numbers of cattle
 in the State has not grown, in te ten
 years, but the value h IS materially in-
 creased during that time, due to the
 fact that better grade of both beef
 and dairy cattle Is being bred and
 breeders of good cattle are growing in
 numbers.
 The dreaded cattle tick and its - menacing influence on the cattle in dustry and trade, he dlscussel at
 length. Because of the cattle tick
 prevalent throughout the South. a.. cattle shipped to Northern markets arc
 subject to quarantine, and have to he
 sold at aloss D~. Cary estimated the in the cattle business as from S1,OO0. 0GC
 to $9000,OO0 year
 Fight the Cnttle Tick.
 The Federal authorities have offered
 10 place expert veterinarians and cat
 tie tick inspectors in Alabama to purg,
 the State of the cattle plague. if Ala sary funds. There is q bill before tho Legislature now asking for the appro priation for this purpose.
 In like manner, President Cary treat
 ed fully the subject of swine. tellinj
 of increase in value because of tn better grade that IS being bred. II 1 spoke of the farm horse, and mare for breeding purposes With the ad
 vent of the German coach and th'
 French coach, pr. Cary thinks in tim