Iowa state bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1894-1916, 1907-11-29
THE NEGRO IN AMERICA.
Andrew CarnegIe's Great Address Be.
fore the Philosophical Institution
of Edinburgh, Scotland.
Printed Fer the First Time in Ameri.
ca-He Ably Defends the Ameri-
can Negro and Shows His Prog
ress-WarmIy Praises Mr..
Fortune.
Continued from last Week.


Has the Negro shown the ambition
and the ability to save and own his
home or his farm? Does he take to the
land, and is he making successful
farmer and landlord! These are vital
points bearing upon his future. Let us
examine the record.
In 1900 no less than 746,717 farms,
3S,233,93 acres, 59,741 square miles,
just the area of England and Wales, or
double that of Scotland, were owned
or tenanted by Negroes, who forty
years previously owned nothing. These
embraced, in the Southern Central
States, 27.2 per cent of all the farms;
in the Southern States-Florida, 50 per
cent; Georgia, 800 per cent; Alabama,
~ per cent; Louisiana, 5O.2 per cent,
and Mississippi, S., per cent The Ne
gro has more farms than the whites in
the last two states, but it must be re-
membered that the average size OF Ne
gro farms is very much less than those
Of the whites.
The figures just quoted include farms
owned or tenanted by Negroes, i. e.,
they were either landlords or farmers
When we come to farms in the hands
of owners we find that in the twelve
southern states Negroe landlords IN
1870 owned 1882 farms, and the ag-
greaate wealth of Negroes was estimat-
ed at S30O,OOO,OOO.
y The race that owned not an acre OF
land forty years ago is now posseSso'
as landlords of an area larger than Bel
pium and Holland combined, and rapid
" increasing. The Negroes have tine
land hunger, one of the best Qualities
and they are entering freely into the
landlord class, a statement which per-
haps may be calculated to arouse your
sympathy in Scotland, but when the
owner is landlord, factor, farmer and
worker all combined, and really does 8
hard days work, dividends 4 appear q
The Negro has not overlooked the
press as an essential element OF moo
err progress. Several attempts Wels
made to establish newspapers previous
tn 1847. In latter years, however
many have become successful: me 1e
ncwspaper directory for 1905 gives ~
n,,hlications of every class published BY
Negroes. but it is said to be lncom'
nlete There are six Negro magazines
two of these quarterly, denomlna1lona
publications, four being monthly ane
rndenominational. Most OF the news.
naners are devoted to local affairs anc
pf little general interest, but some
y, tuentv.flye published by Negroes n
d;serent sW sections of the country are
sa;d % ~ he really creditable to the pro-
fession OF journalism, ), o.o bic
The Negro has not failed 10 maKs Msah n,s
arrearance in literature. Booker %asa, -,
.inqton's "Up From Slavery neeas ssrhe ~
cnTrnent. Professor Dubois !ns
Souls Of Black Folk" has attraetee
,",'ch nvui1 attention. Charles W. Chest
nntt's ruut several books, bearing upon tne
..u.e naas o,,estion. are notable. 7: Thomas
1a.. E".,,,1e editor Of The New York Age
the most successful Negro ealtor' '.Ths Ia
written two interesting BOOKS, ans 49,,
Mearo N. . in Politics" and BLACK ans
wife SSI !" has also published a voiumt NJ
~ noe noems and has been prominent IN a. a.
s#dTis 70 elevate ms racr-: c-ass'a naI.-tas
noet. called the Burns OF MS race, VIZ nt,.
has has, recently passed away, was Dr1agn %aa,
,a1 &c tle attention of the public by HOW
els. eli 4 new Negro poet who M has re.
Gently claimed recognition IS Wlihan
s Rraithwaite. Henry 0. Tanner, the
Negro artist, has recently won the gole
medal at Paris, and is now rcpresentes
in IN the Luxembourg. A Negro studen
At Harvard university this year won tns 4
Rhodes scholarship against hfty-si'
white competitors.
Touching the god qualities OF the
Negro he has much to his credit. Dur.
inc the civil war his devotion to gooe
masters ma and mistresses was toucnng
They were left At home while tneil
masters, almost to Z man, joined me
.Mavs so,,ss,sr, .srs II was the exception
vheri slaves upon All estats v eTsiel T
L. treated and the relations betweel
White and bfaaeS, We're sa:pssesassy: sres
7;SG; 1i3;1,aess1..-a .aaes q: .''Ssa!
.hss ne slaves did. nvs ssaN,:: aacc'n''
nroelamatior, .,rn. with JOY, ou: u a2ss ffey.
hat rs 4 class the American Neefo y !
Of Of happy disposition, plaeable' ss snee'
tionate. slngularly free from promptt {