The daily morning journal and courier., 1907-04-06


 world, and particularly of America. Yet the telephone, invented nearly fifty years later than the telegraph, carries at least seventy-fve times as many messages. Last year was the thirtieth anniversary of Dr. Bells dis i covery, and one in every thirty three people in the United States was sub scriber to the Bell telephone compa- nies. There is now, in either the Bell company or the independent compa- nies, probably one telephone subscriber to every eighteen people in the United States. In 1902 there were 5,O70,564, ,563 telephone messages sent in this coun | try-26S, ,34S, ,1S4 more than were sent by mail and telegraph combined; and since that time the telegraph has grown more rapidly than either of the other methods of communication. It is peculiarly an American institution. It is peculiarly an American institution. New York city has more telephones than London, Glasgow, Liverpool, Manchester, Birmingham, Leeds, Shelf field, Bristol and Belfast combined; more than France, Belgium, Holland and Switzerland The recent yearly ! increase in the number of telephones in New York city is equal to the total number in Russia. Yet there are many l towns and cities in this country with a greater number of telephones in pro- portion to their population than New York Before the earthquake there was telephone for every eight people in San Francisco, which is more than twice the ratio in New York. And Seattle and Portland, Ore, has even more in proportion to their population than San Francisco.
 There are, besides the regular com mercial telephone companies, with their town and city service and long distance connections, some six thou sand or seven thousand rural tele- phone lines in this country, and these are put to all kinds of uses. A man &C., cused of shooting deer out of season in California pleaded guilty over the long distance wire, The judge accepted the plea and fined him ten dollars A will made by telephone was admitted to probate In Missouri The Sioux on the Rosebud and Cheyenne Indian reserva- tions have three hundred and twenty | Instruments. There is one 14,2S0 feet | above the sea, on Pike's Peak, and an | other three thousand feet underground, l in a Michigan copper mine. The se- ' lectmen of Billerica, Mass. held their meeting in 1895 by telephone while the l streets were blocked by a great snow 1 storm. In the town of Solomon, Kan. on the day of the funeral of promi- nent man, a telephone line was run into the church and megaphone was attached to the transmitter just in 1 front of the preacher. The funeral ser- mon was heard along all the farmers | lines in the vicinity, as well as in the | overcrowded church.
 Tn Maine the telephone is used to 1 protect valuable timber land from fire The owners have built six mountain observatories, and as soon as the ' watchers locate fire with their glass es the fire warden is notified by tele- phone In 1905 the station on Squaw mountain discovered thirty fires in time to prevent any considerable loss ] of timber; the observatory on Cittean 1 mountain gave notice of twelve fires, and that on Mount Bigelow of eleven more. Altogether, they saved about one million dollars worth of timber In sections where log drives are floated | down the rivers on the spring freshets, telephone wires are strung along the banks of the stream. When a jam oc- CUTS the drivers up the river are noti- fled, and the drives are held up until | the jam Is broken.
 The telephone is as much of a busi- ness asset to the farmer as it is to city offices. Over it to gets the weather re- ports and market prices calls the doc tor, the fire brigade or help in case of burglars, as the case may be- It saves the farmer many times what it costs him. In some places there are tele- phone clubs of farmers wives. At a certain hour every day the members all i'go to their telephones and chat over the swire. At the time of the San | Francisco disaster, the American Tele- phone and Telegraph company, through it's local company, offered to distribute Governor Guilds appeal to the state of ] Massachusetts. The work was begun at half-past five o'clock in the after noon, and before eleven the prper au- thorities In three hundred and sixty three cities and towns had received the l message. The Illinois Central railroad is using the telephone instead of the telegraph for train dispatching, and it is used between the various life-saving stations along our coast. packing house in Boston leases a wire to Oma- ha for a certain time everymorninb This is, perhaps, the longest successful use orf the telephone, for beyond one thousand miles the mechanical difficult ties increase very rapidly, In one hotel in New York there are twenty-five hundred instruments. and In Phia- delphia store two thousand.
 The results already achieved by the telephone are among the other wonders which by their very universality have 1 become commonplace The future opens still wider possibilities. Profess sor Pupin, of Columbia university more than five years ago discovered what is now known as the "Pupin ] coil" which preserves the vibrations over the wire and makes longer trans mission possible. The Bell company bought this invention, and it is in use on parts of it's system. The telauto- graph, a more recent invention, will re- l orpluee written message in the