Dakota farmers' leader. (Canton, S.D.) 1890-19??, 1907-06-21

ously been broken up into pieces the
size of a hickory nut or smaller, and
stir occasionally for one-half hour. At
the end Of this time add AN gallons
Of water, stir, and the wash is ready
for use. Another formula is proposed
which is the same as the above with
the addition Of 17h pounds Of slaked
lime. The lime, made into a paste, Is
added just before the remainder Of the
water.
Forage Crops.
In the investigation of forage crops
Of high, medium and low protein con
tent it was found by the Minnesota
station that crops like corn fodder,
timothy hay, rape. pasture grass and
hay crops from mixed grasses were
materially Influenced in composition by
the use Of farm manures. The maxi
mum protein content was secured from
soils where the fertility had beer main
tained by the use of and crop
rotations. Less fiber and from 25 to
80 per cent more protein were secured
from forage grown upon soils where
the supply Of plant food had been kept
up than from that grown on similar
and adjoining soils where the fertility
had been allowed to decline. This en-
phasiZes the Importance Of maintaining
the fertility of the soil as a factor in
producing forage not only Of the lar
gest yield per acre, but also Of the
highest feeding value.
The leguminous crops as clover, al
falfa and peas do not appear to be as
susceptible to the influence Of fertiliz-
ers In increasing the protein content as
crops like timothy, corn fodder and
rape. The use of larger mounts Of le-
guminous crops and other forage rich
in protein requires less supplementary
feeding with grain and mill products.
An examination of a number Of sam
ples Of clover, alfalfa, pea, bean, rape
and millet seeds Of known purity and
each sample, two distinct types OF seed,
one of high and the other Of low pro-
TEN content. The two types were ca
pable Of being selected on the basis Of
physical properties. The high protein
seeds were darker in color and more
in character than the low pro-
tein seeds. 1t is believed that a Sc
lection Of seeds on the basis Of physical
properties into high and low protein
types may result in producing forage
crops Of the maximum protein content
In the same way as has been accom-
pliShed with wheat and corn.
Peach TwiE Borer.
The peach twig borer Is one of the
most important pests to the peach
Of Western Colorado, says a
bulletin issued by the experiment sta
ton Of that State.
The injury is caused by a small
plnkish-brown worm, one-half Inch
long. The worm Is the immature stage
Of a small grayish moth. The winter
IS passed by the worm, still very min.
ute, in small chambers followed out
within the spongy tissue Of the bark
at the crotches Of small limbs. Early
In the spring, at about the same time
the foliage Of the peach shows as small
green tufts upon the tips, the worms
leave their burrows and attack the ten
der twigs, boring into them near the
tips. This injury to the terminal tips
constitutes an important injury to the
tree. Young peach trees are usually
worst infested.
The second generation of worms
brings about another injury to the
peach crop by making their way direct
~ into the forming fruit, producing
the "gummy" peach.
Former recommendations for the con-
troll Of this insect have been for spring
applications Of lime and sulphur wash
es. This has, in fact, been a most sue
cussful treatment, but the use Of lead
.arsenate against the twig borer Of the
peach is destined to meet with equal
popularity when its efficiency, cost and
convenience Of preparation and appli-
cation are considered.
The arsenate Of lead is recommended
at the rate of three pounds of the
paste to fifty gallons of water. The
at the rate of fifteen pounds lump lime
and fifteen pounds flowers Of sulphur
per fifty gallons Of water, the two in
gradients being boiled together in a
small amount of water, for forty-five
minutes, then diluted with enough cold
water to make fifty gallons of spray.
The two sprays, as applied, are Of
about equal cost-each a trife over 1
cent per gallon, exclusive of cost Of
preparation. The %arsenate Of lead
spray is far more convenient, quicker
in preparation and more pleasant to
The spraying should be done at the
time when the majority Of the blossom
buds are first showing their pink tips,
and as a rule while they are unopened.
Any arsenate of lead spray applied
to peach trees must not contain free
arsenic, as they are easiIr damaged
by impure lead or lead fGliGued with
water to contain too high a per cent OF
the poison, though pure.