Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1907-09-13
OILS IN INDIA.
Interesting Processes Of Manufacture
and Making Soaps.
route.


lows:
There are many valuable oil seeds
grown in India. In the majority of in
stances the seeds are exported to for
eign countries, the oil extracted and re-
turned to India, or sold elsewhere at an
advanced price. To retain in india the
manufacturing profit, oil mills have been
started in several sections of the country
and others are being projected. These are
tor inseed, rape, OF sesamum OIL seeds.
The native newspapers are trying 10
start movement in favor OF cotton
seed mills, but the exporters OF cotton
seed do not appear TO favor this
There is at present only one regular
cotton-seed oil mill in Al India and that
is in Burma. This mill is located at
Myingyan on the rraWa1dy. was estab-
lishcd in 1850 with q capital of 10000
rupees. and is under the management Of
a. S. Jamal Brothers & Co. Seed cotton
is purchased wholesale in Burma. also
some from Bengal and Madras. 2inned
at the ginning plant connected with the
oil mill. the cotton sold. and the seed
then crushed, the oil extracted and ra-
fined, and the residue made into soap.
Reing situated on the Irrawaddy, the fac
tory is we'll located in regard to water
traffic with Eastern India. The cotton
seed factory alone has an annual in
come of $4,000 TO 100000 rupees Tupee
equals 32.4 cents). :,
reeides pressing lis own seed the mill
at Burma presses seed for merchants at
Of 30 pounds. Or, if seed cotton is sup
piled. the charge for ginning and tEen
pressing the seed is annas 90 cents'
per maund The merchants who bring
the seed are usually contractors for sup
plying oil to railways and steamers. It
has been found by this mill that the seed
from RangCOon. Calcutta and Madras
give about the same percentage of oil
each. The general market rate for such
seed at present is about L annas q
cents per A0-pound maund which is
n "a S12 20 a ton of 80 pounds
The Burma mill makes Grade ana re-
fined oil and soap Ordinarily from a
niaund Of clean seeds there is obtained
four tolas az pounds lint. from - to
mainticr bulls. This average. however.
varies with each season. The mil! runs
- hours = Gay and has a production Of
50 tons Of seed daily, 1t was started
with - tons a day. but owir- to the
creat demand fer the crude oil grange
mcnts were made To work - tons mere
per day. and this may possibly later be
increased to the full capacity of the
plant. which is about 50 tons. Kerosene
lamps are used for night work, the town
having Y" electric lights: The worknen
and Bengal and their Wages are to
annaS IS to IL cents per Gay. Mistries
Cmechanicsl and the highest skilled work
men set ] to IL rupees g. to IS cents)
per day. TIL" engineer gets about 800 rl-
rnes per month. The expense of working
so tons 4 day is about 800 rupees per
month. which gives rupees. say s.. per
ton. This is about half the American
figure. where the average cost of working
the seed per ton is nearly 81
Making crud" oil from cotton seed is
simply Il mechanical process consisting Of
cleaning The seed and separating the
short lint from tho seed, removing the
hull from the kernel. cooking the meat
to the proper consistency for pressing
and then squeezing out the oil, leaving
tho pressed cake Refining the oil is IL
chemical process consisting Of mixing
the crude oil with either caustir potash
Two Of A. degrees B"umc &C. gallons to
100 gallons crude Oin or else with soda
lie Of &c degrees Barmo &c gallons to 100
gallons crude OLD. heating and Stir"i~".
and then allowing it to cool and settle
when the clear oil is poured off leaving
are carried on with native worllmen. The
press has a ram Of l. inches in liameter
and Is worked at pressure of one and
4 half tons per square inch. AS usual,
having two and half inch and tho other
set one inch diameters, The larger pumps
applying the pressure quickly until the
meat is wei compressed. when The small
pumps give the final squeeze. Fifteen
minutes suffice to completely extract the
oil. which collects IL a reservoir under
meath. The oil, as extracted. is a deep
red color. and weighs seven and a half
pounds to the gallon.
Thee is large demand for the oil as
2 lubricant for railroads. etc. and a
good deal is used in the crude state with
out refining. The refined oil is used for
culinary purposes in India and also in
.laran ard China. The remaining resi-
dues Of oil are used in the MANUFACTURES
~ English ana country soaps i'll the
Myingyan factory. The selling price Of
the SOAP varies according to the quality.
Tho weights in Burma differ in some re-
snHcts from those used elsewhere In In
dia. In Burma 20 tolas is the unit n?1
tolas equal one visha. about three
Pounds. The present market price for
the refined oil in Burma is about 80 ru-
PEGS Ter 1hn vishas C2eh pounds and
:. bout g. runeeS for unrcfned oil. The oil
is packed in tins containing about 30
pounds each
The :esidues Of hulls are used for fuel.
but could be converted into potash and
phosphate of lime Forty pounds of So ID
produce 10 pounds Of pressed cake. which
is sold in Burma and India for feeding
stock. and the Chinese use it for fuel to
a small extent. The price is about rupee
for use as feed and fertilizer This is sold
hv the market weight, "tokari." which is
to 40 pounds net. being about
the same as the local Burmese maund
This is packed in runny sacks
three to six maunds of oil
cake each Japan uses annually i'm
mense quantities of bean cake for cattIs
food and fertilizer This is obtained from
Manchuria mainly and If cottonseed oil
mills were erected in India it is nrobable
that Japan would also buy the cottonseed
oil cake in large quantities
In Furnia. India. China and Jaran cot
tonseed oil is preferred to lard oil for
culinary purposes and it is claimed that
for shortening" and fo- pie crr,sts IL is
superior to lard or any OF her grease both
rs to taste and appearance of the finished
1rIst. There should be good demand in
india. espnciallv hn"aus" lard is ahso-
nt"'v f"rhifdo'' - Mor"rrn' odn~- r-1 ~
'n'>re other rnloious scots as well. There
ire over CO 0f0 hnO MobarNp,aIcue in In