davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Birmingham age-herald., 1907-08-04
To Enforce Laws.

Best posted men say that one reason Of the feeling against the saloon men at this time is the fact that as a class they do not endeavor to keep the laws. They, in fact seem to regard the law as made to be broken in many cases, and the result is a feeling in many cases against them that would not be if they had acted differently. Many men in the business deplore this and say that from 1t they sec the fall down of their business.
 This is illustrated in the lack of observ- ance of the Sunday laws. There is not a city in Alabama where they are enforced. say the temperance men. Policemen in some instances wink at the violation. and in others the citizens go along and allow the laws broken without thinking that they are in a sense charged wit the keep ing of them The fact that doctors give prescriptions for whisky shows that they do not appreciate the keeping of the statute and so there is carelessness all along the line.
 But the members of the Anti-Saloon league give 1t out now that not only have they aided to get the laws but they are going to see that they are kept Brooks Lawrence superintendent for Ala bama, said the other day that just as they had worked to have regulation adopted just will they work to have the viola tons kept down and punished. So it seems that the saloon men are going ts to have to keep the laws now being passed or get in jail
 Railroad Situation.
 There is nothing new in the railroad sit- uation So far as is known here the Southern railway is running along as usual and does not seem to know that it has been put out of the state. It may get jolt and find 1t out too late to get along well, or 1t may rock along until there Is some sort of a compromise that will take the matter to the courts in a peaceable IC0NTINUED ON PAGE 21
The Birmingham age-herald., 1907-08-04

tCoNTINUED ON PAGE 2J
The Birmingham age-herald., 1907-08-04

CONTINUED ON PAGE s1
The Birmingham age-herald., 1907-08-04
Result Sill Doubtful.

Jackson. Miss. August 3-With thr, counties yet to be heard from Congress
The Kendrick gazette. [volume] (Kendrick, Idaho) 1892-1968, 1907-07-12
Lewiston Banks Change
w. F. kettenbrch and Geo.
KeSter resign as Direc-
tors and Officers

The Lewiston Tribune under date
OF July 9th announces the merging
of the Lewiston National Bank and
the Iuaho Trust Co. with the retire
ment of w. F kettenbach and Geo.
kester from the directory.
The move it il stated is due to the
result OF the land fraud trials again.t t
Mesrs hester and Will kettenbach.
and Ii due regard to the stockholde g
interests.
+. W. or Frank Kettenbach was
elected president of the new organi.
zation. which until the intended
quarters are satisfactorily arranged
aud equipped will continue separate.
number of the wealthy men OF
Lewiston have been added as stock.
holders and 1t is stated the merged
institution has a working capitaliza
tion of $450, 200.
The Kendrick gazette. [volume] (Kendrick, Idaho) 1892-1968, 1907-07-12
People Celebrated
How the Potlatch People
Enjoyed the Fourth and
Where

. The morning of the Fourth broke
cloudy and cool, after the heavy
rain of the day before, and many
youngster az we'll as older persons
thought the days sport was ruined,
but about $3.50 old Sol broke through
the clouds and from then till night ii
was a regular 4th sizzle.
There were many attractions In
the vicinity OF KendricK and the pe"-
pie struck out for where they tho1
the most pleasure was located.
Moscow secured a number from
this section which went to swell th'
1000 or 5000 people that thronged he'
streets. and enjoyed(?) themselves.
Moscow however gave a good cele-
bration, made every accommodation
possible, and plenty OF eatables were
available.
Troy gave a good account OF her
celebration and IA large number from
the ridges and Kendrick hied them
| selves there. This town rendered the
usual quota of races, ball-game and
in addition had a dancing besar and
uetrified man. American ridge play
ed Troy in the ball game winning it
and the Kendrick band Furnished II
music for the town, securing much
praise from the people.
Juliaetta entertained the visitors
in a more 81 date manner, presenting
more OF a picnic festival at the Park,
They lad the regular blare Of trum-
pete speech making, cannon fri gold
Fourth. 1t being convenient and
reached by rail, number of Kend-
rick ties were seen there, taking In
what sports were given and ehjoy-
ing a vacation from labor.
Atwater Lake received a number
of visitors not only from Kendrick
hut also from the surrounding ridges
who surely enjoyed themselves in
the shade of the pines. This celebra-
ton, owing to the preceding storm,
were forced to cut out the sro rorts to
a large extent, although the boat
riding, merry ry-gO-round and bowery
were present to entertain.
Cavendish we learn celebrat ted
giving quite q. program of sports
much to the satisfaction of the
crowd.
KendricK looked like deserted
town as those at home retired to a
cool shady place and quietly rested.
No accidents OF serious nature
! have been reported through this Sec
tion although the usual number OF
narro W escapes are in evidence.
The Kendrick gazette. [volume] (Kendrick, Idaho) 1892-1968, 1907-07-12
Borah Appoints Idaho Cadet
Frank Wyman Coos to West
Point.
0anSkin Alternate.

Boise. tlly A senator w. E. Boral
mas appointed Frank M. Wyman
adet from Idaho to West Point an
ohm M. Danskin, alternate. Their,
S another alternate to be appointed
md he will be chosen from the Poca
tello country, the senator announces
1t is not known when Mr.. Wymar
will be examined at West Point, bu
he will probably leave for the cas-
soon for the purpose. Wyn.an art
Danskin are among the brightest Bois,
boys, both having graduated from th
| high school with honors.
The Kendrick gazette. [volume] (Kendrick, Idaho) 1892-1968, 1907-07-12
'IkeBigStornn
First of its kind ever
Known inthi,. setico;l

The rain and hail st(rm OF July 8
was very Obstructive I'll it's course.
the q at Of Its kind ever touching the
POtlatch Country.
The morning wind storm .vas very
violent but only of few minutes
duration, but in the afternoon the
storm lasted for a long period; The
wind seemed to come in one direc-
tion while the storm seemed to come
In another.
The rain came In torrents and the
way the hail did fall was not slow.
The POtlatch ridge suffered more
than any other, the storm taking a
strip from one to two and one half
miles wide and In most cases destroy
ing the entire crop, SOME instances
the farmers can cut what In left for
hay hut in most cases the crop Is
knocked down or cut off in way
that destroyes 1t for any use, the
Eactual loss cannot be fllly estimated
but has been reckoned to be about
$50, 900 90 dollars damage.
This is the first storm of this kind
that has ever entered In the Potlatch
Country and the people are consider
ably up In the air as to the results.
The first estimate was placed at
$75 or $lOO.0OO but since the more
conservative men have been inter-
viewed the loss has not reached half
the original amount.
1t was enough nevertheless and
we are not IN position to say
when we will get another, but then
one thing we do know this being the
tirst of the kind we hope it will not he
repeated soon again.
| This storm was not however a
local one as reports of heavy loss
have come IN from the upper snake
river country, the upper Palouse and
| " ashington and it would appear
that we simply caught the last rem
nents which broke over the
mountain.
The Kendrick gazette. [volume] (Kendrick, Idaho) 1892-1968, 1907-07-12
DIED

Mrs. Ne'son Tupper- aged S3 Year,.
9mos.
Grandma Tupper (known as) was
a constant sufferer from stomach
trouble, to which she finally succum,
bed. Eight children are left to 'mOurl
h r loss, seven in this state AMI ont
in Michigan. her husband preceding
her 20 years ag'.
Rev. Forbis of Leland conducted
the services, July 10th at the cameron
Cemetery, where a large COZ CO, rs'
paid their respect to the dead ant
the living.
Mrs. Samson Snider, daughter q
deceased, of Weippe accompanied b,
a number of friends and relatives
was in attendance.
The Kendrick gazette. [volume] (Kendrick, Idaho) 1892-1968, 1907-07-12
NOTICE

Having disposed OF my interest In
the Livery business, all parties hav-
ing accounts with the firm of Hill
& Stanton are requested to call and
settle same, as we'll as present their
cllims. t
N. Ray Hin
The Kendrick gazette. [volume] (Kendrick, Idaho) 1892-1968, 1907-07-12

Mrs Martin Vessels was visiting
this week from Spokane. with Mrs
Henry Vessels.
Heppner gazette. [volume] (Heppner, Morrow County, Or.) 1892-1912, 1907-06-06
SHAKE IT OFF.
Rid Yourself of Unnecessary
Burdens.

Don't bear unnecessary burdens.
Burdens OF bad back are unneces,
sary.
Get rid of them.
Doan's Kidney Pills cure bad backs
Cure lame, weak and aching backs.
Cure every form of kidney ills.
Lots OF local endorsement to prove
this.
C. Sutton, OF S23 First St., Albany
Oregon, says: "Doan's Kidney Pills
have a wonderful healing power in cases
of kidney trouble and backache.
know OF no other remedy so prompt
and effective. | got Doan's Kidney
Pills at drug store, and through using
same found complete relief from a dull
aching in the back that had been almost
continual. They regulated the kidney
secretions to normal condition and
added strength and tone. 1t is a pleas
ure to let other sufferers know OF this
remedy"
For sale by all dealers. Price 30 cents.
Foster-Milburn CO., Buffalo, New York
sole agents tor the United States. Re-
member the name Doan's, and take nc
other.
Heppner gazette. [volume] (Heppner, Morrow County, Or.) 1892-1912, 1907-06-06

Robt. Warren was in from Eight
Mile, Saturday.
Wool baling commenced today
at Heppner's warehouse.
Jas. Keeney came in from Pen
dleton, Monday evening.
Hon. Malcom Moody came up
from The Dalles Monday evening,
returning Tuesday morning.
Hugh Roberts and Eva G. Can
non were married at the home OF
the grooms parents, Mr.. and Mrs
Stacy Roberts, near Hardman, last
Sunday. The contracting parties
are we'll and favorably known in
and about Hardman. Rev. J. L.
Swift performed the ceremony.
John Kinsman has opened up
the lower butcher shop.
C. O. Huelat returned last even
ing from q brief business trip to
Portland.
Miss Blanche Woods, of Canyon
City, is here visiting her sister,
Mrs. Jack Matlock.
Heppner gazette. [volume] (Heppner, Morrow County, Or.) 1892-1912, 1907-06-06

We offer One Hundred Dollars Reward fol
any case OF Catsrrh that cannot be cured by
Halls Catarrh Cure.
FL J.CHENEY 4 CO.. Toledo. o.
We, the undersigned have known +. ]. Che
ney for the last Is years, and believe him per
fecty honorable in all business transactions
and financially able to carry out any obliga'
tons made by his firm.
WALDING, KINNAN & MARVIN,
Wholesale Druggists, Toledo,O.
Halls Catarrh Cure is taken internally, act
ing directly upon the blood and mucous sur
faces of the system. Testimonials sent free.
Price 70 cents per bottle Sold by all Druggists
Take Halls Family Pills for constipation.
Heppner gazette. [volume] (Heppner, Morrow County, Or.) 1892-1912, 1907-06-06

Emerson and Claud Keithley
were in the city Monday.
L. E. McBee, of Cecil, was a
Heppner visitor Saturday.
Mr.. and Mrs. f. Monahan, were
HeppDer visitors Saturday.
Henry Neel and family of Lone
Rock are listed at the Star.
Mr.. and Mrs. Emmett Cochran
of Monument, are IN the city.
J. R. Nunnamaker was in this
week attending the wool sales.
K. M. Larkins, of Condor, was
guest at the Palace, Saturday.
Nat Webb, of Walla Walla,
was here this week to sell his wool.
John Kilkenny, VIM. Spencer,
and Paul Hisler were in town this
week at the wool sales.
j. L. Howard, Ike Howard, Jack
Mills and J. W. Beymer were in
to the sales of wool.
Chas. Cunningham, the one time
sheep king of Eastern Oregon, ar
rived in this city from Pendleton,
Tuesday evening.
John Gates, a cattle man OF the
Haystack country, was in the city
Monday on his way home from a
visit to Astoria.
Mr.. and Mrs. J. Doherty, Mr..
and Mrs. P. Doherty, Mr.. and
Mrs. Chas. McDevitt, were regis
tered at the Palace Saturday.
Vic Groshens has purchased the
at the corner of Main
and Chase streets occupied by
Groshens & Shaw, from the Hepp-
ner estate.
Hazelwood special brick ice
cream in layers of strawberry,
orange water ice and pineapple
will be served at the Hazelwood
parlors, Sunday.
IF all the fruits that are in the land,
That grow on bush or tree,
would give up the choicest ones
For HOLSTERS Rocky Mountain Tea,
W. P. Mcmillan, Lexington, Oregon.
Heppner gazette. [volume] (Heppner, Morrow County, Or.) 1892-1912, 1907-06-06
Local and Personal Notes

Oscar Schafer was over from
Monument this week.
M. V. Logan and wife were up
from Cecil, Saturday.
M. G. Merrill was in town this
week at the wool sales.
A. Neel and wife of Lone Rock,
are registered at the Star.
Tom Perry, of Lone Rock WAS
over to attend the wool sales.
VIM. Robinson and wife Of
Echo, were in the city Monday.
Mr.. and Mrs. Barney Doherty
were in to attend the wool sales.
Roadmaster Hickson, of the 0.
r. & N. company was in the city
Monday.
P. M. Nash, a teacher in the
Hardman public schools was in
the city Saturday.
Lutte Robson, a saw mill man
of the Hsrdman country was in
the city Saturday.
Joe Potter left Tuesday for Ida
no where he goes to look for To-
cation to engage in the stock bus
iness.
R. F. Wiggelsworth, the Butter
Greek stockman, was in the city
this week looking after the sale of
his wool.
Mrs. j. NJ. Smith and Mrs. Jas.
Coleman, of Lone Rock are at the
Star. Mrs. Smith is here for med
ical treatment.
Geo. Perry, Nat Scott, J. W.
Maidment, II. s. Neel, I. G. Ben
nett and Chas. Underwood, all
prominent Gillian county sheep
men we're in the city this week at
tending the wool sales.
Cabbage plants tor sale at the Cum.
mngs Nurseries.
You can get at Cummings Nurseries
spray pumps with nozzles that wont
clog. Rubber hose. Sprays made fresh
and guaranteed iul strength at as near
cost as can be handled. Harry Cum
mings.
Strayed-Brown mare, branded no
left shoulder with letters d 2 or d.
Wire cut on one of fore feet. shod in
front. When lost had halter on. Lib
eral reward for return of animal. APP
ply at Gazette office.
National Livestock Insurance Asso- !
citation of Portland, Oregon, insures +
livestock against death from any cause. q
Our rates are right. we make no prom t
ises we cannot fulfill. Look US up. For
further particulars inquire OF ). =.
Pa,tarson Hammer. Jno3 i,
It's too bad to see people who go from !
day to day suffering from physical
weakness when HOLSTERS Rocky
Mountain Tea would make them we'll
The greatest tonic known. 80 cents.
Tea or Tablets. w. P. Mcmillan, Lex |
ington, Oregon.
II you are hunting VacantGovernme ent
land, J. t. Williamson. La Grande, Ore
gon makes maps of any township IN the
La Grande Land District showing the
condition of the township at the date
made for 81 each, as shown by the
records of the land Office. Land office
practice specially. June'-u.
Heppner gazette. [volume] (Heppner, Morrow County, Or.) 1892-1912, 1907-06-06

John Buesick returned to Port.
land, Friday.
Cal. Robinson, of Lone Rock,
was over to attend the wool sales
Tuesday.
Miss Vivian Cox went to Waits
burg Wednesday, for brief visit
with friends.
A. f. Wattenburger, of Butter
creek, came in from his ranch,
Monday afternoon.
Mrs. P. G. Creswell and Mrs.
Chas. Devin were incoming pas
sengers yesterday evening.
Jake Young and w. W. Bran
non, two of Eight Miles farmers,
were transacting business in Hepp-
ner, Saturday.
The ladies of the Christian
church will serve tea at the home
of Mrs. Ellis Minor, on West May :
street, Saturday evening from four
to nine.
A crew of men is now engaged |
in laying the pipe for the West
side water consumers. The pipe
is attached to the mill race and
the water will be used for irriga-
ton.
The Ladies Aid of the M. E.
church South will serve tea at the
home of Mrs. Bartholomew on
Chase street, Friday, June 7, from
3 to 9 o'clock p. m. Everybody
invited.
Mr.. and Mrs. j. W. Morrow and
little son returned to Portland,
Tuesday. They were accompanied
by Miss Wanita Matlock who will
spend the summer at Long Beach
with Mr.. and Mrs. Morrow.
Will II. Bennett, who has held
a position as bookkeeper in the 5
First National bank since the flood,
left Wednesday morning for Baker
City where he has accepted the
position of payin teller in the )
Citizens National of that city. )
Prof. F. A. Foster and wife ar
rived last evening from The Dalles
and will make their future home
in our city. The professor has a !
large piano class and is we'll known
to Heppner people as he was here
and taught music some three years ;
ago. :
The annual children's day SER
vice at II a. M, next Sunday in \
he Nj. E. church will consist of
special bright music, recitations, a
flowers, birds and chill
1ren. "The Girdle of YOUTH" d
will be artistic and helpful. In
he evening at s o'clock the SER f
non will ask "Who was King, r
Pharoh or God?' Welcome.
J. E. Peterson, an extensive 4
armer living IL miles south of t
lone, was in Heppner the latter !
)art of last week and informed a 5
Gazette representative that the a
are good for big crop. a
lie recently turned off 1900 sacks 5
# wheat at 81 cents per bushel.
Mr.. Peterson says that hired help t
8 the hardest problem the farmers
lave to contend with, that wages
re good, but men are scarce and r
will be impossible to get men
nough to take care of the coming
rop. He says that there are a I
lozen machines in his neighbor- \
lood that need crews.
OLA NEE
Heppner gazette. [volume] (Heppner, Morrow County, Or.) 1892-1912, 1907-06-06

For Sale-Our place on Eight Mile
K. E. Alstott. Jn9
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1907-01-06

Emb'd MOussesincs-merce-t tissue
permanent fustre-white with brilliant
silk emb'd crescents and delicate
floral designs In various tintings. -. .
English Tafceta Checks-mercerized In
Great Britain. where best mercerizatior
is done-all colors-look Ike n
silA-otherS ask .24.......-...-+ 81
Mercerized Baristes-Latest Novelty
Piaits in Shaded. Cluster and
variegated effects
dainty light colorirgs. 1890. 10 and
Scotch Plaid GirgaaIns-spiendid
firm texsure-all the leading clans
and fancy plaids-3e inches wide
nothing prestier for children's
dresses-25 CT quality
suesine Sslks-sheer. yet finn
light and dark colorlngs. Including
Cardinal, Royal. Navy. Alice.
Rsseca. Myrtle. Maize. &e--.-----..-
Imported Irish D.nities-dainty
stripes and checks. with overlay
OF floral and other prinsingE-
elsewhere % ..----.-s--..--..-..
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1907-01-06
Following Are For To-Morrow:-

/ We reserve privilege of limiting quantities.
II No Mail Telephone
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1907-01-06

Crossbar Dress Musl1s-sneer as
crgnndy-sott fnish-woven crossbar.
printed In colors with dainty roseouds
and small fowes designs pt
Worth 10 cents. -......''..''''
Imported Tissue voiies-one OF the
latest fabrics that win be immensely
soft and yet nrIh-
white with small double barred
Maids In coioss or black lQ
Elsewhere 80 cents
SIN, Zephyrs-haif si!i-entirely new
designs and color erects-noral ana
nr't: also combined with checks anu
hairI,nes In deIicately harmonizins
tones or stronger color touches .4O
others ask SO. -------...'''
Mou>seline de Fieur-hef silk
shirrnrerins white grounds with DELI
cate Pushes of color In dainty printnSs.
Including daisies. violets. roses. enry-
santhemums clemGtis. &C. also AZ
Nel,cete stripes-elsewhe-e -I5.----.-
- Tissue Checks-helio, pink. &c
between white checks OF heavier text Ak
sllk-slsewhere 90.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1907-01-06
Another Lot Yard Wide
Underwear Cambrics

Subject 70 4 tiny hole about every
So inchesthars aIl-neverthalss-
IS cent quality.
10 cent Qualiry.......-.>...
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1907-01-06
STEAMBOATS,.

no m % r m CN and Points IN New Eng
W w = w IN land. Reduced Rates.
FALL RIVER LINE via Newport and Fall
River. Fares reduced to all points-Boston.
$265; Newport, Fab River, 500: Provi-
denee. 32.30 Leave Pier 10. y. r.. II. War
ren st.. week days and Sundays. $500 P. M.
Strs Priscilla and Providence. Orchestras.
NORWICH LINE via New London. Leave
Pier 90 n. r.. foot Clarkron ST.. week days
only p. NJ. Steamers City Of Lowell and
Chester w Chaplin.
NEW HAVEN LINE for NewaHaven and
North Leave Pier 90 L. r., week days
only. 400 p. II. Steamsr Richard Peck
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1907-01-06
The Second Series of Garments
DESIGNED FOR
The january Sale of
Lingerie and UndermuslinS

So that its strength may be sustained, the
variety OF garments and
fords, the January Sale a
big collection Of Undermuslins which will receive
initial presentation Monday.
In character the garments high; in elaboration,
dainty and exclusive and instance prices
promise a saving Of one-third to one-fourth.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1907-01-06
Opening Season Specials i'm
Fine Wash Dress Fabrics.

make difficult realize
that our the goodthere
pricesthen
much 80 yard
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1907-01-06
January Specials
In Our Famous
UThclStery DEPARTMENT

Armure and Brocade Tapestry Portisres-
frfnged or rope edge pair lots
NdAue So-So 9S
Figured Danlask PortieresEplain colors-
gobelin tapestry borders-were So 90. Z "a
Mission and Flemish Portieres-
fancy leather borders-value $500. Z "a
Imported Velour Portieres-
duplex designs-valus S3z. 90. .2S On
Irish Point Lace Curtains-Best Net,
with tasteful borders. in scroll. vine
and flower designs-our regular S3.eS
Curtains-Sale price ..--..--.-.2 IN
Limit four pair.
No mail or telephone ordera
Special offering Point Arabs Lacs
usually SECS ..---.........f so
usually s69s ............A-0 "a
Oriental Stripe Couch Covers
FrtnSed all roUnd-valus S-s9. $1,000. "a
Reversible Tapestry Couch Covers
extra wide go fnch)-hand knot fringe
hitherto ~. IS .....................f PA
Bagdad Couch Cover@woven figures
medium and dark colorings-
value s4-oo .-.-------..---..--.... 80
Reversible Table Covers-1H ydA
neutrality-suspicious. 81 20 ...... On
Ottoman Tapestry Table Covers-two
toned erects-tassel frtng-
yds- sQuare-valus Sc 29........-.f IA
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1907-01-06

congratulations OF the differences
arev depend given
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1907-01-06
Ladders. DERRIoKs & FLAG POLES.

40 Orange ST., New
Portland Ladder Co.
store ladders ia world.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1907-01-06
ART.

RICE GALLERY OF AMERICAN PAINT
INGS, "A John st.. Room 31-Spectai sx-
hibition of Olive j.. Blacks realistic land
scapes. Gallery open from 10 to 5.
ORDERS taken for hand bookblnding; orig
inal designs; also instruction given. Bind
cry OF FLORA A. HALL 15e 9th sy.. n, Y.
The Hawaiian star. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu]) 1893-1912, 1907-11-22
UNITED STATES SECOND.

WASHINGTON, November 5.-An
interesting statement Of the warship
tonnage Of the principal powers com
piled at the Office of naval inteln-
gence, shows that Great Britain leads
the world with a tonnage Of 1861, ll6,
the United States following with ton
mage of Gll,61G, France third with a
tonnage of GO9,O79, Germany fourth
with a tonnage Of 529,O32, Japan next
with a tonnage of S74,7OQ and Russia,
Italy and Austria following in the or
der named
However were the war vessels
building by the various nations now
completed, the United States would be
third i'm the test with tonnage OF
TITLES, following closely France
which would be second with tonnage
of S46,1l2 and Great Britain the lead
err with tonnage Of 1,S2l,8l0.
The other naval powers would
stand in the same relative position as
they do with their tonnage of today
although each would show a very sub
stantial increase.