davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Spirit of the age. [volume] (Woodstock, Vt.) 1845-1913, 1907-11-16
Y. M. G. A. NOTES

The talk on insects given by j.
G. Underwood at the Y. M. G. A.
Thursday night was very interesting
and instructive. Mr.. Underwood
has made a considerable study of
this subject, the result of which was
shown in his address. We regret
that more men did not improve this
opportunity.
Next Thursday night, Nov. 81,
Mr.. A. G. Hurd of White River
junction will give his lecture on
Our Navy" Mr.. Hurd has had
three years experience on the battle
ships in and about New York harbor
and knows the everyday life of the
sailor. This lecture has been given
with marked success in several
places, among which are Danbury,
Conn, and Hartford, Vt. The
speaker will illustrate with stereop-
tican views and will also bring Il
large collection of curios which will
be displayed. One feature of the
evening will be an illustrated song
by a young man in sailors uniform.
Everyone, both gentlemen and ladies,
are invited to attend this lecture at
the Y. M. 9. a. next Thursday even
ing. A silver Offering will be taken
at the close for the local association
Y. M. C. A. Appointments for Mo-
Vember and December
Nov. 81. Illustrated lecture: Sub
ject, sour Navy" County Secretary
A. G. Hurd.
Nov. "a. Mems meeting, 3 p. m,
Address by Rev. j. A, Scheuerle, Of
Hartford.
Nov. 27. Bible study: Peters
two decisions. Mark IA: 66-72; Acts
2. Leader, Mr.. Pliny j. Hamilton.
Debate: Resolved, that Lee was a
greater general than Grant. Messrs
Prescott and Dunsmore.
Dec. 4. Illustrated lecture: Sub.
iect to be announced. Prof. E. H
Williams, jr.
Dec, IL. Bible study: Paul's su.
preme decision. Acts 8; 10. Leader
Mr.. Swift.
Debate: Is the japanese or the
Chinese the more promising nationi
Messrs. Perkins and johnson.
Dec. Is. Practical talk. DIR. II
G. jackson; followed by social hour
Dec. 90. Mems meeting, 3 p. m
| Sneaker tn he annOunced
Spirit of the age. [volume] (Woodstock, Vt.) 1845-1913, 1907-11-16
Wanted

newals and increase subscription list of a
prominent monthly magazine, on salary
and commission basis Experience desira-
BILE, but not necessary. Good opportunity
tor right person. Address Publisher, Box
90, Station 0, New York.
Spirit of the age. [volume] (Woodstock, Vt.) 1845-1913, 1907-11-16

". G. Mason of Enosburg Falls
will go to Washington nexl week as
delegate from Vermont to the inter
national Y. M. &. A. convention.
Compensation. %
Medicine is bad but still
have fun when ! am Ill,
Uncle comes and with him brings
Such lot of toys and things,
Doctors cannot always tell
What will make a fellow we'll,
Uncle says, and he thinks toys
Often cure sick little boys.
So he brings me jumping Jacks,
Soldiers, horses, railroad tracks,
Noah's arks and games and drums
oh, it's gay when uncle comes!
st. Nicholas.
GAS TO Ia e -.
Bears the H'1hs Kind You Have Always Bought
'''' e lZHAz7zW
Spirit of the age. [volume] (Woodstock, Vt.) 1845-1913, 1907-11-16
T.J.& CAL, WHITE.

THE AGE offers to
new subscribers The
Age and New York
Tribune Farmer for
one year for One DOL
lar and twenty-five
Cents.
Spirit of the age. [volume] (Woodstock, Vt.) 1845-1913, 1907-11-16

HYDE PARK. VERMONT.
Spirit of the age. [volume] (Woodstock, Vt.) 1845-1913, 1907-11-16
CASIO ia r -.

'1 Of &Mza5EM
Spirit of the age. [volume] (Woodstock, Vt.) 1845-1913, 1907-11-16

= Local representative
N for Woodstock and vi
49, pinitv tn look after re
Los Angeles herald., 1907-10-13

The vestibule or atrium was sometimes
adorned with splendid mosaics represent
ing the Muses., again a chained dog with
the motto Cave Canem beware of the
dog). Many of the bronze knockers
which adorn the houses are SO beautiful
they have been placed In the Museums
at Pompeii and Naples.
The AtrIum In the houses Of the veal
thy had a fountain. 1t was not unusual
to find n bust Of the master Of the house
there. The bedrooms were small for the
most part arranged chiefly for light.
Many of the dining-rooms were very
spacious, In large mansions there were
two, one for winter and another for sum-
mer.
The family always reclined on benches.
The husband took the head Of the table.
his wife was on one side of him and his
son ON the other. The guests were
placed on other benches according to their
rank. The banquets were sometimes
sumptuous and lasted for hours
The Museums in Pompeii and Naples
show that beautiful statues we're plenti-
full In Pompeli, they adorned the houses,
the streets and the temples. The temple
of Apollo was adorned with statue of
Apollo and a Diana In bronze that sur
mounted the arch. A magnificent bust
of Jupiter was taken from the temple
dedicated to that god. The most famous
Los Angeles herald., 1907-10-13

of the bronzes Is the Dancing Fawn
found In the Streets Of Nola and the
Satyr in the house of the Centenaire.
The Fawn represents the joy OF life sus-
tanned by physical strength. The other
shows young satyr pouring water from
beaker. Every line of the body shows
ease and grace. The same artistic touches
were given to the bronze and silver
dishes, vases and lamps. Some were
shaped in the form of faces, others were
decorated with richest embossing. The
house of Pansa. the poet, is sufficiently
well preserved to show how beautiful
Pompeii was before 1t suffered destruc-
ton. The House Of the Rich Man was
the largest private house in PompeH.
But this is only small part of the In
teresting things to be found there. II
is hard to imagine anything more splen-
did than the great Stabian Baths adorned
with marble and mosaics. So large they
could accommodate hundreds at a time.
In keeping with this splendor are the
ruins of the Forum, temples, the thea
tres and the gladiatorial barracks. Beau
tiful as are these ruins under an azure
sky, the great marble piles become things
of gold when the blood-red sun goes
down, whispering the words -thls Is the
riddle of life, joy and sorrow. beauty
and destruction, ever playing hide and
seek with each other"
Los Angeles herald., 1907-10-13

~ He traveller looking for the first
II time on the lovely grass covered
~ mountain OF Vesuvius finds 1t hard
to believe that 1t has tried time and again
TO destroy wonderful cultivated farms
and thousands of lives. He Is surprised
and disappointed both when he is told
that Vesuvius is now smoldering and has
been In active eruption and that the gov
ernment refuses to let the tourists make
the ascent.
He takes carriage and drives through
many small towns. attractive because of
their fertile, well cared farms, The
thrifty, coptented farmers. work from
early morning until late oat night, not
realizing the harm that hay come to
them at any time.
The excavations and ruins disclose the
fact that centuries ago Pompeii was one
of the most powerful and imperialistic Of
Italian cities. One can read words to
this effect in the Vicoli Storto Respect
the Judgment of the Emperor" and again
in a shop in the street of Stables, Long
live the judgment of the Emperor and
the Empress. be obedient and you Will
always be happy The wealth of the
soil and the thrift of the inhabitants had
helped to make it wNsraerfully inter
esting and attractive city when ter
rible earthquake destroyed 1t entirely.
The first shock came on the 5th of Feb
ruary 68. b. C. and two other shocks
soon after. Men and women jumped out
OF bed, gathered in groups and ques-
toned whether they ought to remain
Los Angeles herald., 1907-10-13

them In doing so. 1t is inevitable that the
national forests will at no very distant
date become the main source of supply.
The Service is bending it's efforts towards
placing itself in the best possible condi-
tion to meet that demand when 1t arises
and in the meanwhile is making no eff
fort to compete with private lumber deal
ers.
Furnishing and regulating grazing facili-
ties are among the most important Of the
functions Of the Forest Service Formerly
the grazing grounds were free and open
Without restriction. AS a result they
were ill-used and frequently rendered un-
At for long periods. Constant conflict
prevailed between the sheep and the cat
tie men, entailing loss of human life and
great damage to property. The small
herder had no recognized rights. He was
driven from pillar to post and might
retaliate only at the hazard Of losing his
stock, II not his life Under the present
arrangement friction is avoided and over
grazing is prevented. Each herd Of cat
tie or flock Of sheep Is assigned TO a
Los Angeles herald., 1907-10-13

ford Pinchot our Forest Service has
grown in FIVE years from petty division
of the Department Of Agriculture to an
independent Bureau which is doing its
great work on such economical and bust
ness-like lines that 1t bids fair to be self
supporting within the current decade. The
receipts from timber sales for the fiscal
year, 19o6-07, were about 100000, as
against less than $250,000 for the pre-
ceding year and less than $4,000 for 1904
05. The receipts from grazing, 1906-o7.
were $s75,000. In the year ending June
80, 1904, the national forests yielded a
total revenue Of 100000; in the past
year, $1,eoo,0O0.
But the production Of revenue Is the
least important Of the benefits to be de-
rived from the labors of the Forest Serv-
ice. The future prosperity Of the entire West
and its permanency depends upon the con-
servation and proper management of our
forest reserves. Private owners are max
ing no attempt to prevent exhaustion of
their woodlands, although the Service Is
ready and anxious to cooperate with
Los Angeles herald., 1907-10-13

would become uninhabitable for lack of
water.
Our Western States can not afford to
overlook this consideration which Is 30
intimately connected with its prospects
of prosperity. The colossal work Of the
Reclamation Service Is largely dependent
upon 1t and could not have been under
taken without the assurance that the pres
ent, only too scanty, sources of water sup
ply in the semi-arid States would be per-
manently guarded against injury. The
region west of the Mississippi is destined
to harbor a population larger than that
Of the nation at present. Great centcrs
will spring up needing water for power,
and light and domestic purposes. 1t
would be nothing short Of suicidal to cur
tail supply that can not at the best be
equal to the demands which must ulti-
mately be made upon 1t. The matter also
touches the urgent question Of trans
portation. We are turning to internal
waterways as a relief from the hopeless
congestion of our railroad systems and the
next generation will witness wonderful
development In this direction.
This question of water supply In It's
relation to forests is bringing into con-
stantly increasing prominence the advisa-
bility of the Government securing con-
troll by purchase of certain extensive
areas in the East where there are no pub
lie lands In the possession Of the United
States. In European countries the neces-
sity of the central government owning
and managing Understands has been rec
ognized and acted upon. With US the
urgency is even greater. for our system
involves unusual complications For ex-
ample, in parts Of the Southern Appa!a-
chians and the White Mountains the most
serious effects of forest destruction fall
upon States other than those In which the
damage is done. We have not yet arrived
at the stage of altruism In which one
State will refrain from an operation in
volving profit to itself on account Of a
coincident injury to some other State.
The only remedy is central control and
that we are in a fair way Of bringing
about.
The forest policy contemplates turning
the land to the best account and deyoting
1t to the best purpose to which 1t is
adapted. The guiding principle Of the
Administration, as laid down by Congress,
Is that the reserves shall exist only ITO
improve and protect the forest within the
reservation, or for the purpose Of securing
favorable conditions OF water flows, and
to furnish continuous supply Of timber
for the use and necessities Of citizens OF
Los Angeles herald., 1907-10-13

is one Of the most impelling considera-
tions in our forest policy. Few persons
have no adequate conception of 1t and 1t
Is carefully avoided In the sophistical dis
cusslons of the opponents Of that policy,
who view with dismay the setting apart
of public lands for the use Of the people.
Down the mountain slopes that lie
within the forest reserves run many
streams upon whose flow towns depend
for their water supply, factories for their
power and settlers for the irrigation
without which their lands would be un-
tenable. Let these slopes be deforested
and their melted SHOWS and rainfalls
would be dissipated or run off rapidly
through over-charged channels The Geo
logical Survey has made comparative
measurements of stream discharge from
forested and interested basins, alike in
all other respects. The results show, un-
der the former condition, sudden foods
followed by low water: under the latter,
a relatively equallzed flow. If the Adj
rondacks forests should be suddenly wiped
out, half hundred large towns and cities
Los Angeles herald., 1907-10-13

particular area. Previous. use of the
range is ground for consideration but
preference is always given to settlers
those who are making homes and helping
to develop the country upon a permanent
basis. moderate charge is made for
the grazing privilege but the improved
condition of the range is more than COM
mensurate with 1t and stockmen in gen.
eral are well pleased with the change.
More than a million cattle and upwards
Of six millions sheep and goats were
grazed in the reserves last year.
OF the three major products of the
forest-wood, forage, and water-the last
is by far the most important. We can
at pinch do without wood for great
many purposes to which we now put 1t
and we have the Canadian stores of tim
Der to draw upon. Our stock is in no
danger of suffering from insufficient food
supply, though the cost Of ling 1t may
be substantially enhanced II our grass
lands are neglected. But our water we
must conserve OF the most serious con-
sequences will be entailed upon US. This
Los Angeles herald., 1907-10-13

the United States; but It is not the pur-
pose or intent Of these provisions. or Of
the act providing for such reservations, to
authorize the inclusion therein of lands
more valuable for the mineral therein,
or for agricultural purposes, than for for
est purposes" This Is a point about
which widespread misunderstanding has
existed.
The policy Of the Forest Service con-
templates before everything the promo
ton of local interests, and these are
jealously guarded against the aggression
of corporate or moneyed interests. The
''free use privilege is granted literally
to settlers, farmers, prospectors, and
others engaged in enterprises calculated
to build up new country. 1t Is also ex-
tended to school and road districts,
churches, and cooperative organizations
Of settlers designed to carry out improve
ments, such as the construction OF
bridges, bitches, reservoirs, ETC.. for mu-
tual or public benefit.
The talent and experience of the Serv-
Ice are at the command Of private indi-
yiduals and corporations desiring to pros
ecute operations related to forestry. Any
one wishing to set out a plantation or
to intelligently treat existing woodland
may secure advice and assistance. The
office Of Forest Products branch of
the Bureaus engaged In experiments
and In disseminating information as to
the seasoning and preservative treat
ment of timber, the strength, mechanical
qualities, or commercial uses, of wood
1t is also making researches with view
to ascertaining the adaptability of lum-
Der to new purposes and of discovering
new properties in it. This work is main
ly pursued In conjunction with corpora
tions that are directly interested In the
results. Thus improved methods Of pre-
serving cross-ties and telegraph poles
have recently been discovered and put
into practice. Similar studies In connec-
tion with various woods for paving ma
terial promise to effect the greatest econ
omies for our large municipalities.
During the latter half of the present
century the prosperity of this country as
whole will depend largely upon the
prosperity of that portion Of 1t lying to
the west of the Mississippi. There is no
agency today effecting so much for the
future population Of our Western States
as the Forest Service unless It be the
Reclamation Service and the two bureaus
are working hand In hand with the
same grand object In view.
FORBES LINDSAY.
Los Angeles herald., 1907-10-13

where they were, or fee to the country.
The houses were shaken by long shocks
that came at intervals as though it were
foundations. Men and women hesitated
to go out Of doors because of the stones
flying in many directions.
Dawn gradually came. but the strong
winds bore such heavy dark clouds that
very little light was seen. The shocks
soon came at shorter intervals, the
streets and the sky were filled with
smoke. The streets were alive with the
screaming of women and the cries of
children. Some were raising their hands
heavenward In prayer, other intoxicated
with fear were running about aimlessIy
When the sky became red with sparks
the winds were carrying from Vesuvius;
men and women were really panic stricken
and fed for their lives. Centuries later
when excavations were begun, mothers
were found lying with children, one
woman was found carrying her husbands
trousers and the key to the house; an
other had just slipped into her embroid-
cred slippers. In the barracks were
found two gladiators who We're unable
to make their escape. Some entire fam
lilies perished. A father was found car
rying a gold sheep to hide in a subter-
ranean passage In a garden. He was fol-
lowed by a slave carrying a lamp, sack
of gold, silver and bronze. He fell be-
fore he reached his destiny, while his
family of 20 were waiting for him In a
subterraneau passage.
Los Angeles herald., 1907-10-13

The story of the Congo Free State Is
exercising Europe nowadays almost as ac-
lively as did the slave issue the people
of the United States before the Civil
war Whether or not the stories of the
frightful atrocities charged against King
Leopold of Belgium are true is being con-
stantly debated In the national legislative
bodies of France. Germany and England.
The fact that concert of Europen pow
ers actually gave the Congo into the
charge of the Belgium King has stirred up
the best thinking people in every country
of Europe, now that it is alleged that
King Leopold misied the entire press OF
Europe by big and most extensively
maintained press agency with headquar-
ters In every country in Europe.
1t is now claimed that nearly every
section of Africa is showing tremen-
dous improvement In the conditions OF
the native negro races except the Congo
Free State. In the Lagos country, in the
Western Soudan region, In Northern Nj
gera. and In the countries along the vast
Niger River bend on the west coast 1t is
claimed that modern industry Is bringing
civilizing Influences and plenty to eat and
wear to the negroes
Major LeMalre VINO was at one time
high up in the employ of the Congo Free
State regime is now publishing diary of
what he saw in the way of killing and
Gripping natives. He resigned from the
service of the Congo Company, of which
King Leopold is president, and declares
he did So because he was unwilling to
practise such unheard Of and unprintable
crimes as the officials In the Congo are
alleged In bis diary to have committed.
He claims that he was ordered to raid
native negro villages in the interior OF
the Congo Free State and to take prison
ers for the purpose Of working them In
Los Angeles herald., 1907-10-13
Tie Congo Free State Tragedy.

getting rubber. The raids were always
accompanied with slaughterings of women
and children who would persist In getting
In the way of the native soldiers and
their French, German and Italian officers.
These foreigners were merely mercenaries
who were goaded on to greater excuses
by increasing demands of rubber and yet
more rubber from the territory assigned
to each of the subordinate officers.
Finally direct uprising of the cruelty
treated natives called the attention OF
Europe to the condition OF affairs, and
resulted in seriously shaking the throne
of King Leopold and will ultimately re-
suit In the Powers making some other
disposition Of this territory.
Major DeMaire was French officer who
was led into the service Of the Congo
Free State by promises of big pay. he
did the work for several years but finally
sickened Of the job and resigned and re-
turned to Belgium. He charges that
hands and feet we're always cut of Of
natives who failed to bring into the camp
nearest his home village certain amount
OF rubber No pay was ever given for
the rubber. 1t was called tax or inn
position. Hostages from villages, says
Major LeMaire, were frequently taken
and tied outside the station hut and II
the people Of that particular village did
not within so many weeks bring In 30
many hundreds of pounds of rubber the
innocent hostages were sliced Into small
bits or fed to wild animals.
The exact amount OF truth In the
frightful charges made against the Congo
Free Company Is OF course difficult to de-
termine. 1t is certain however that IN
England and France powerful move
ment is under way to throw King Leo
pold and his servant. the Congo Free
State Corporation. out Of this territory.
Los Angeles herald., 1907-10-13
I GE10EzQAI kSL1U~ Qz-Ek21Zz2SLD

1t was not many years before the ter
rlbe catastrophe was forgotten and the
city abandoned. 1t was not until 1854
when the building of road on the south
side of the city led to the unearthment
OF some tombs and ancient monuments.
Though several finds were made it was
not until 1907 that the excavation was
begun seriously,
A number of large houses were exca-
vated including the villa of Diomedes
and the house Of Sallust. Queen Caroline
took a great interest in the finding Of the
hidden treasure, the villa Of Diomedes
was cleared, the tombs. the house Of
Pansa and the Great Amphitheatre. King
Murat gave literally to the carrying out
Los Angeles herald., 1907-10-13

of the work. Little. by little from 1915
to 1850 the Temple of Fortune, the Tenn
pie of Apollo, the baths of the Forum,
the Forum itself. the temple of Jupiter
and the baths of Stables were unearthed.
Some time after the houses in the street
of Abundance were brought to light.
Though the greater part of the work has
been finished. each year brings forth
new treasures. This attractive city may
be approached by eight different gates
called the Gate of Herculanium, Vesu-
vius, yapua. Nola. sarno, Nocera.. Stables.
and lastly the Gate of the Sea or the port
of Marines. From these eight gates run
three principal avenues known as the
Rue des Stables. the Rue Gle Noia ana
Los Angeles herald., 1907-10-13

Abundances.
Though all the houses were destroyed
some have been restored enough to show
their past beauty. Beautiful nosaics COW
cred the floor, the Atrlum often adorned
with marble tables, vases statues and
benches and stools. About the Atrium
were found library, reading room, re-
ception room, bedroom and dining hall.
There were smaller apartments used for
the servants, The more spacious houses
were adorned with splendid columns and
small gardens. The chairs and beds were
made of bronze and handsomely carved;
the walls are still bright In places with
frescoes representing men and women.