The Columbus journal., 1907-05-01
GIVEN FOR
HOW THE MEDAL OF HONOR %
AWARDED.
Decoration In American Army Core
spends 10 Victoria Cross q Eng
land and Famous Iron Gross
q Germany.

While the American people love
their nag and boast Of their army be-
ing second to none. 1t Is . strange fact
that few Of them know Of the medal
Of honor, the greatest decoration that
can be bestowed upon q soldier in the
United States army. Every British
subject knows the meaning of wearing
the Victoria cross; every German
knows what It il for q soldier in the
kaiser's army to possess the iron cross.
and while both Of these decorations
represent bravery, they do not neces-
sarily mean as much as does the pos
session of the medal Of honor.
Regarding the granting Of the medal
q honor the Army Register says:
I'm order that the medal Of honor
may be awarded, officers and enlisted
men must perform in action deeds of
most distinguished personal bravery
or self-sacrifce above and beyond the
call of duty. 30 conspicuous as clearly
30 distinguish them for gallantry and in
trepidity above their comrades. invOlv-
ing risk Of life or the performance Of
more than ordinarily hazardous r
Ice, and the omission Of which would
not Justly subject the person to cen
sure "a for shortcoming o failure in
the performance Of his duty. The rec
ommendation for the medal will be
judged by this standard Of extraordi-
nary. merit, and inc0ntestable proof
Of the performance of the service will
be exacted."
At the present time there are only
"a officers and enlisted men in our
army who possess the congressional
medal. When 1t is taken into consid-
Grafton that the maximum strength
Of the army is $685., it shows how
hard 1t Is to win the medal Of honor.
Less than one in every 1000 possess
It. OF those who have been awarded
the decoration. As are now Oficers on
the active list, out OF $3.50 In the serv-
Ice. There are now on both the active
and retired lists 160 whose deeds of
gallantry have been recognized by the
granting Of the medal. The awarding
Of these covers q period of IS years.
including days of the civil war. Indian
campaigns, the Spanish-American war,
the Philippine instruction and the
Boxer trouble In China. During the
numerous engagements hundreds Of
gallant deeds, which would have
brought the medal of bravery In for
eign armies. went entirely unnottced.
unlike the foreigner, the American SOL
der does not do an act of bravery SIM
ply to try and win the medal. Hun
areds of British soldiers have lost their
lives in q vain effort to obtain the Vic
toria cross. Such no doubt was the
case when Lord Roberts son was
killed In South Africa in an effort to
save . battery.
It is nearly always the young officer
Who performs the gallant deed. Out
Of III omcers who have won the med
n for bravery II Of them were under
the rank Of captain at the time Of per.
forming the act Of gallantry which won
them the decoration. Nearly all Of the
others were young captains. although
now and then . name appears on the
list showing the possessor was . field
or star ofRcer, but in nearly every
case he belonged to the volunteers and
held q high rank Ut . young age.
The youngest olhcer who, was ever
awarded the decoration IL now the
senior olacer Of the army, Lieut.. Gen.
Arthur Macarthur. For bravery when
he was 10 years Of age he won the COW
eted medal. Il was at the time he was
. boy adjutant Of the Twenty-fourth
Wisconsin infantry when his regiment
Was charging up Missionary Ridge.
The color sergeant became exhausted
md went down, when Macarthur picked
up the nag. ran to the head Of the regi-
ment and amid . storm Of bullets
which swept down the hill led hts regi-
ment up. -