Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1907-02-17
THE HAGUE CONFERENCE In 1911

try and individual losses, nor the frightful
destruction of human life
Aside from the misery indirectly produced
oy war, by famine and by epidemics. 1t will
be necessary, according to Won Bloch. to
meet new peril. The enormous growth of
American exports. according to the author.
brings him to the conclusion that Europe
can no longer raise wheat profitably, but
viii be obliged to purchase from America.
In financial crisis America will give no
credit to the European buyer, and the dear
ness of foodstuffs will therefore become a
cruel fnfiiction. The state of economical
dependence of Europe on America is termed
by Won Bloch the American peril" The
European states will become an economical
satrapy of the American Union and they
will no longer hold the predominant role In
the world s politics.
The propositions of Won Bloch may be re-
capitulated thus:
LIST That in military circles the question
of the enormous sacrifice of life and treas
ure Is being discussed by reason of the Oe-
structive capacity of modern arms.
I'd. The difficulty, If not the impossibility,
of resisting American competition.
3D. That battles in the future are of very
meager profit and wholly incommensurate
with the losses of the conquerer.
The author concludes that as an newt
able consequence conflicts between civilized
nations must b. solved by arbitration.
There are those, however, whose faith in
the millennium of pacifism Is small and
who cite what Won Moltke said only
quarter of a century ago:
Perpetual peace is a dream and not even
an agreeable dream. War is an element of
universal order established by God The
noblest virtues are developed by it-courage
and abnegation: duty faithfully accom-
pEished. and spirit of sacrifice engendered.
The soldier makes the sacrifice in advance
Of his life. Without war the world would
soon fall into the most sordid materialism."
In the Revue Mensuelle de la Science
Economique for January there is an arti-
Gle by M. Bolt entitled. "An International
Exposition in favor of Peace The author
says:
1.-The convocati of the first peace con-
ference at The Hague should be regarded
as the immediate success of the FACILITATE
studies of Won Bloch. The Car Nicholas
would never. perhaps, have dreamed of
celebrating his project by a conference of
nations were it not for Won Bloch. who
had been received several times in audience
by the car. to whom he exposed his sys-
tenn in all its details
X
The interior disorders Of the empire OF
the car appeared to render the Russian
autocrat as unfit to play the
The Cars role of apostle Of peace-to
proposa1 propose arbitration and the
reduction of armament. No
one. however, may doubt the entire SIN
certify and good faith of the Car Nicholas
The wars in South Africa and the Russo
japanese conflict which followed, seemed
a mockery of the principle of arbitration
which had been established with much
solemnity.
Nevertheless the treaty Of The Hague of
the 10Th Of July, 1889, established three
vital points of accord:
1st- The pacific settlement of conflicts
between nations.
I'd. Rules and usages to be observed by
land combatantS.
Sd. Rules and usages to be observed in
naval warfare
1t is undeniable that there was recogni-
ton of the principles of arbitration in the
anair of Doggers' bank, in the terms of the
treaty between Denmark and the Neither
lands, and In the conference of Algeciras.
u,I me cnolce OF Inc Hague has particular
significance for the maintenance of the
autonomy and independence of Holland.
The palace to be established there by the
princely gift of Andrew Carnegie creates
an interest in the existence of the state
which is worldwide and perpetual. 1t Is
an honor for the Hollanders to have at
The Hague the delegates of the twenty
six powers who are there for the mainten-
ance of the peace of the world
The International Peace Exposition So
ciety was created at Utrecht, February Z
1906. with the object of giving a living
image of everything which may familiar
tfonal justice. Scientific inventions and
investigation are always Of International In
terest. The science Of sociology. ethnology,
etnnography. geography, cartography and
others with industrial and colonial EXPOSE
tons bind the whole world for a fact in a
common brotherhood.
Just here may be recalled the circum-
stances of the creation of the first inter-
national peace congress at The Hague. At
the weekly reception of the diplomatic
representatives accredited to the court of
st. Petersburg held at the foreign office in
that city on Wednesday, August "a, 1893.
each visitor Surnrised 70
Count Mouravieff. the Russian foreign min
lister. Autographed communication which
read as follows:
1.-THE maintenance of general peace and
a possible reduction of the excessive arma-
mentS, which weigh upon all nations present
themselves in the existing condition of the
whole world as the ideal toward which the
endeavors Of all governments should be d.
rected."
America has already entered the lists of
the tournament of peace by the bill intro
duced In the House Of Rep
Rartholdt's resentatives ITO establish
Bill. the foundation for the pro-
motion of international
peace
House resolution o5G05. introduced by Mr..
Bartholdt on the 18th instant, reads, in
part:
Whereas, Alfred Bernard Nobel OF the
city Of Stockholm. in the kingdom of
Sweden. having by his last will and tesla
ment, provided that the residue of his es-
tate shall constitute a fund the income
from which shall be annually awarded in
prizes to those persons who have during
the year contributed most materially to
benefit mankind, and having further pro-
vided that one share of said income shall
be awarded to the person who shall have
most or best promoted the fraternity of
nations and the adjustment or dimunition
of standing armies and the formation and
increase of peace congresses; and
Whereas, the Norwegian parliament hav-
ing, under the terms of said foundation,
elected a committee for the distribution of
the peace prize, and this committee having
in the year 1906 awarded the aforesaid
prize to Theodore Roosevelt, President Of
the United States. for his services in behalf
of the peace of the world and
Whereas. the President desiring that this
award shall form the necleus of fund the
income of which shall be expended for
bringing together in conference at the city
of Washington, especially during the ses-
sions of Congress, representatives of labor
and capital for the purpose of discussing
Industrial problems, with the view of ar
irving at better understanding between
employers and employees and thus promot-
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