Gilpin observer., 1907-12-05
SUGGESTS REMEDIES FOR ILLS
CONTROL OF CORPORATIONS AND
RAILROADS TO PREVENT
OvERCAPITALiZATI
Believes This Would Solve the Prob
lem Together with Provision for
More Elastic Currency-Recom
mends Postal Banks and Asks for
Legislation Along Many Lines.


Roosevelts annual message to congress
Is voluminous document of nearly
10000 words, by far the longest mes
sage he has ever submitted to congress.
The opening subject of the message is
the financial condition of the country,
and for which the president lays much
of the blame upon inscriptions stock
spectators. and says:
In any large body of men, however,
there are certain to be some who are
dishonest and II the conditions are
such that these men prosper or COM
init their misdeeds with impunity. their
example is very evil thing for the
community. Where these men are busi-
ness men of great sagacity and of tenn
permanent both unscrupulous and reck-
less. and where the conditions are such
that they act without supervision or
control and at first without effective
check from public opinion. they delude
many innocent people into making in
vestments or embarking in kinds of
business that are really unsound.
When the misdeeds of these successful
ly dishonest men are discovered, suf-
fering comes not only upon them. but
upon the innocent men whom they
have misled. 1t Is painful awakening.
whenever 1t occurs: and, naturally,
when IT does occur those who suffer
are apt to forget that the longer 1t was
deferred the more painful it would be-
In the effort to punish the guilty it is
poth Wise proper u 81
far as possible to minimize the dis
tress of those who have been misled by
the guilty. Yet 1t is not possible to
refrain because of such distress from
striving to put an end to the misdeeds
that are the ultimate causes of the suf-
fering, and. a means to this end.
where possible to punish those re-
B5bnsible for them. There may be hon
est differences of opinion to many
governmental policies; but surely there
hA al 4.
need of unfiinching perseverance in the
war against successful dishonesty"
He quotes at length from his mes
sage of last year in which he advo-
Gated federal control of corporations
doing interstate business. and believes
that in such control would be found the
remedy for overcapitalization and
stock speculation which he believes
have brought about the present finan-
cial conditions. He says:
Our steady aim should be by legis-
lation. cautiously and carefully under
taken. but resolutely persevered in. to
assert the sovereignty of the national
government by affirmative action.
This Is only in form an innovation.
In substance 1t is merely restoration;
for from the earliest time such regula-
tion of Industrial activities has been
recognized in the action of the law
making bodies; and all that l propose
is to meet the changed conditions in
such manner will prevent the COM
monwealth abdicating the power 1t has
always possessed. not only in this coun-
try. but also in England before and
since this country became a separate
nation.
Federal Control of
Railroads Ii Favored.
mo small part of the trouble that we
have comes from carrying to an ex-
treme the national virtue of self-re-
lance. OF independence in initiative
and action. It is wise to conserve this
virtue and to provide for its fullest ex-
ercise. compatible with seeing that lib
srty does not become n liberty to
wrong others. Unfortunately. this is
the kind OF liberty that the lack of all
effective regulation inevitably breeds.
The founders of the constitution pro-
vided that the national government
should have complete and sole control
OF Interstate commerce. There was
then practically no interstate business
save such as was conducted by water
and this the national government at
once proceeded to regulate in thorough
going and effective fashion. Condi-
tions have now SO wholly changed that
the Interstate commerce by water is in
significant compared with the amount
that goes by land and almost all big
business concerns are now engaged in
Interstate commerce. As result, It
can be but partially and imperfectly
controlled or regulated by the action Of
any one of the several states; such ac-
tion inevitably tending to be either too
drastic or else too lax. and In either
case ineffective for purposes of Justice
Only the national government can in
thoroughgoing fashion exercise the
needed control. This does not mean
that there should be any extension of
federal authority. for such authority
already exists under the constitution in
amplest and most far-reaching FORM
but Ii does mean that there should be
an extension of federal activity. This
10 not advocating Capitalization. 1t is
merely looking facts in the face, and
realizing that Capitalization in business
has already come and can not be avoid
ed or undonc. and that the public at
large can only protect Itself from GER
tain evil effects OF this business CEN
tralization by providing better methods
for tho exercise of control through the
authority already centralized in the
national government by the constitu.
uon itself. There must be no halt in
the healthy constructive course of ac-
uon which this nation has elected to
pursue, and has steadily pursued, dur
Ing the last six years, as shown both in
the legislation OF the congress and the
administration OF the law by the de-
partmcnt OF Justice. The most vital
need Ia In connection with the railroads.
As to these In my judgment there
should now be either a national incor-
poration act or n law licensing railway
companies to engage in interstate COM
merce upon certain conditions The law
should bo SO framed to give to the
Interstate commerce commission power
to pass upon the future issue of securl-
ties, while ample means should be pro-
vidcd to enable the commi ssion, when
ever In Its judgment II is necessary, to
mako physical valuation OF any rail-
road. As stated in my message to the
congress year ago railroads should
be given power to enter into agree