davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1907-06-06
FATAL "BUTTING IN"
Truckman arrested Trying to Get
Horse Home-AnimdL Is Shot.

Pat" Owens. the boss truckmen at Eleventh
avenue and SD street. loves horses his favor
ties being his big bay team Dick and Harry.
which were the pride OF his heart. But thanks
to those who "butted in last night when he
was trying to get the injured Harry home. the
horse was killed after his master. and later a
boy had been locked up in the Tenderloin sta
ton.
Society for the Prevention Of Cruelty to AMI
malsr' said Owens later Say. if 1 said what
thought I'd get arrested again, and probably get
locked up a third time for not getting Dick his
supper Me cruel 10 those horses? Why. they
were the finest you ever saw I'd like to see
some unkind TO them! I'd show 'em what
happens to people we don't like over in Eleventh
avenue"
Harry broke his ankle at Sixth avenue and
Odd street Owens. almost with tears in his
eyes the luck of his favorite. started II
lead him home but Society for the Preven-
tion Of Cruelty to Animals man named Calhoun
locked him up for cruelty, and both horses were
Carted to the anti-cruelty stables.
After he was bailed out owens got an order
for his horses and sent Willie Horne twelve
year-Old boy. for them. Willie had led Harry
as far 3Sth street and Broadway when James
Lenahan, or No. 200 West list street. ths
horse hobblng along three feet. and he had
Willie arrested too. Then he learned the facts
IN the case and Tepented. He wanted Captain
McCluskey TO let the boy go, but the captain
wouldn't, he bailed him out himself.
Il want him 10 die at home" said the boss
truckman. Perhaps we can fix him up some
how. He's a good old horse. | would like to
give him more meal anyhow, poor fellow
Tho police. however. decided that II wouldn't
matter much II Harry shot. II might save
ter, so they killed Harry in front Of the station
house
New-York tribune., 1907-06-06

Encouraged by the success OF his venture at the
Academy of Music this week Gaetano d'Amato di-
rector OF the Royal italian Grand Opera Company
at the Academy of Music. will take the com
pany over to the West Side next week. where he
has engaged the Grand Opera House for a limited
period, beginning Monday night
The attendance Of Americans has encouraged
me- he said yesterday in the belief that the
masses demand what l offering-grand opera
at price that will appeal to them I had expected
many OF my country people would come but the
unusual number Of Americans shows there is
popular demand for grand opera at reasona BILE
prices If l am encouraged the West Side as I
have been here l shall form a permanent com
pany" ~
Mr. d'Amato's organization repeated Carmen
yesterday afternoon. and the evening sang Cav
alleTia Rusticana' and "Pagliacci
New-York tribune., 1907-06-06
W. A. soMERs's SYSTEM CRITICISED
Real Estate Men Think New York Unfit for
His Method of Appraisement.

The system Of computing the value Of real estate
for taxation from the relative value Of the streets
in each section, OF which William A Somers is
the author, is not likely to be popular here, ac-
coroing to some well known real estate brokers'
and appraisers Mr.. Somers appointed last
week by Lawson Purdy, president Of the Tax De-
partment, TO study the condition of assessment
IN New York and TO TO what extent his sys-
tenn could be applied here
Mr.. SOmers's system is said be the only one in
existence for scientifically computing the value
Of real estate. Mr.. Somers claims for II absolute
uniformity in fixing the amounts OF assessments
and extreme facility in verifying them.
New-York tribune., 1907-06-06
W. a. sCHIFFER's WILL FILED.
West End Man, Killed in Fire, Leaves Most
of Estate TO Wife.

The will Of walter a. Schiller. whose two daugh-
ters and two other members OF his household lost
their lives in the fire that burned his home at West
End, n J., on May 80. filed yesterday for pro-
bate with the Surrogate. The viii is dated June q
1906 and the petition says the value of the estate
Is over $1,000 both real and personal.
The document executors his wife Jen-
ME ". Schiller. who was rescued when the house
DGfneci CHARLES J. WaXelbaum and Jacob Wort
helm y
! ne only mention Of charitable requests is in a
paragraph wherein the testator gives his wife per
mission TO distribute $4,000 such charities as
she may select Mrs. Schiller gets the town house
Al NO. = West 18th street Onehfth Of the residu-
airy estate ls also left her outright, and the
eerton places a value of $50. 600 on this
New-York tribune., 1907-06-06
VETERANS WIN SHOOTING MATCH.

After one OF the closest contests ever Witnessed
board ship a team of five veterans of the
ID Division, LIST Naval Battalion. the annual
revolver match for a 800 challenge cup last night
at the range on board the United States ship
Granite State. lying at the West 9Sth street pier.
Their opponents consisted Of team of active
members Of the division. and the veterans by
only point, the final score being Veterans, lS3;
Actives. I82.
The conditions were two strings Of five shots for
each man. each string 10 be delivered in thirty
seconds. At the end Of the first period the teams
were tied with scores of "a each. A L Colgate, Of
the veterans, then made % out of possible %.
which, added 10 his previous of q, gave him
a total of "A. the highest total of the match Rich
mond Weed made the next highest score for the
veterans. 1t was AZ. E Crawford made the high
est score for the active members. Al. The match
shot with Colt service revOlvers Of 3S-calbre.
The scores follow:
New-York tribune., 1907-06-06
DAILY NEWSPAPER MEN MEET.

Binghamton. n. Y. June 5-The spring meeting
OF the New York Associated Daily Newspapers
opened at the Arlington Hotel here to-day. Presi-
dent Jay f. Klock, of THE Kingston Freeman:
Vice President Fred P. Hall. OF The jamestown
Journal; Secretary and Treasurer Gardiner Kline
OF The Amsterdam Recorder and about thirty
five members present After the business
meeting the delegates entertained at the Bing
hamtOn Press Club and inspected the A5O.OO0 plant
of THE Binghamton Press.
New-York tribune., 1907-06-06
VACCINATION FOR TUBERCULOSIS.

IBy Telegraph 70 The Tribune
Philadelphia, June 5.-ENpertDents are under way
at the Henry Phpps Institute. in this city. which
may demonstrate the efficiency OF vaccination for
tuberculosis. The treatment being applied to
n score OF patients is the discovery of Professor
Edoardo Maraglaro. o. Genoa. Italy Dr. Law
renee F. Flick. head Of the Phpps Institute hopes
Tor success. and says that excellent developments
can be looked for before the end of the year. The
Maragltano method is incubation or vaccination
rot unnke that employed as a preventive for small
poX Tho serum used bears the name OF its dis
coverer and is the result Of fifteen years toll in
New-York tribune., 1907-06-06
NURSES TO BE GRADUATED.

The eighth annual graduation exercises of the
Kings County Hospital Training School for Nurses
will be held tonight in the chapel when twenty
nurses will be graduated. Two members of the
class came from China. while the homes of others
are scattered from the West Indies 10 Canada Mr.
Hibbard, Commissioner OF Charities and Mr.
Baker, nrst deputy commissioner. of Manhattan
and Mr.. McEnerny, deputy commissioner of Kings
and Queens, will address the graduating class
New-York tribune., 1907-06-06
SEND GRIEVANCES TO PRESIDENT

S. j. Small president of the Commercial TeIeg-
raphers' Union of America. yesterday announced
that. after consultation with other officers of +ba
union, he had sent copy of the complaints against
the Western Union Telegraph Company IN Prasi
dent Roosevelt The copy was not sent N bi
president Small said. as President of the United
states. but as the most prominent and innueptoI
eillzeh II is held oy the officers the union thai
the telegraph service is quasi public one as Tn
property OF the public is used when wires are
strung hence they say. the public has an iptarstt
In the dispute ' '" iIitel est
New-York tribune., 1907-06-06
YALE TO SELL A COLLEGE.
viii Let Ingham Alumnae Buy Property at
Leroy, N. Y.
IRy Telegraph 70 The Tribune. ]

New Haven, June 5.-Yale is about TO sell the only
collegiate institution ever owned by her-Ingham
University, OF Leroy, n. Y. Alumni Of Ingham,
which was a women's college till it closed be
cause Of financial difficulties twenty years ago,
have made an offer for the property to ale. TO
which II bequeathed by William Lampson, OF
Leroy, who foreclosed the mortgage which shut its
doors.
The Ingham University Alumni Association plans
TO raise money enough to buy and endow the lnst-
tuition home for aged teachers Yale is like
" dispose Of the property for that purpose Sew
eral business concerns Buffalo have made
offers for the property to Yale, which regards the
Ingham alumni having a prior claim to the
property.
New-York tribune., 1907-06-06
BARGE LOST AND CAPTAIN HURT.

Providence June b.-The barge Pactolus was lost
off Hog Island on the New Jersey coast. in a
storm on June 3 and her captain. James Deputy,
was badly hurt. He had come out OF the pilot
house to make fast the sails. when a big wave
knocked him down. A few hours later il was seen
that the barge about TO founder. and cap
tain and crew at great peril, abandoned her and
taken aboard tug. Fifteen minutes later
the PactOlus went down
New-York tribune., 1907-06-06
OIL MAN GETS THREE MONTHS IN JA,l

Leavenworth. Kan. June 5-Judge w c Eool
Of the United States Circuit Court to-day sentenced
H. H Tucker jr.. indicted secretary of the Uncle
Sam OIL Company. to serve three months in ta
for contempt Of court. in making an affidavit al
eging a conspiracy between Judges Pollock No
IhersoR and Phiilips and the Standard oil Com
business. Tucker began serving his sentence to-
night - ~
New-York tribune., 1907-06-06
SENATOR FRELINeHUYsEN VERY ILL.
lBy Telegraph to The Trlhrne 1

lBy Telegraph to The Tribune
SomerVile. n. j.. June 5.-State Senator Joseph s
Freinghuysen' member of the firm of Jameson q
brelinghuysen. insurance brokers' of No Is Will
lam street New York, is in critical condition II,
hospital In Chicago. after undergoing an onera-
ton for appendicitis yesterday Senator FrcI,ng-
huysen left his home here on Monday for busi-
ness trip TO Chicago He in his usual robust
health when he started the trip but was 4al,,.
suddenly i'll on his arrival at Chicago He iS M
father Of the Frelinghuysen autom0hla Ia n, - SilS
number Of important measures "a" anu d
New-York tribune., 1907-06-06
MCCULLOUGH ESTATE SOLD
IBy Telegraph TO The Tribune.


Suhern. y. Y. June 5.-The buildings real es
tate machinery, etc. belonging to the McCuIourh
estate at Sloatsburg. n Y. five miles from, bera
have been sold. The disposal of the property prac
tically closes up the McCuuough estate The ars,
lot sold consisted of tract of ground containing
the buildings used as storehouse and two smaller
buildings. bought by John j. Huffman OF NAu,
folk Tor 500 The mill buildings and about
uHllty acres OF ground, including the water rights
we're W. re sold to Elijah Pringle, of Tuxedo Park for
lative purposes. ~ SPecu-
New-York tribune., 1907-06-06
DR.. GUYS TRIAL AGAIN POSTPONED

The trial of DR.. Samuel S. Guy on a charge of
numbering his wife. which TO have begun In
the Supreme Court of Queens last Monday has
been postponed until June II. This is the third
time that the trial has been postponed. The DELAY
was due to the suit of Mrs. Lucy NJ Randolph
against w. r. D. Stokes which has been set Tor
June 10. AS It desired that there should be no
interruption, Dr. Guys trial postponed.
New-York tribune., 1907-06-06

NORMAL. COLLEGE OF THE CITY OF NEW YORK
n Park Avenue and StSty-sighth Street Ne.
York May 23 19OT.-ExamInatiOn for Entrancs 70 tns
Hish school Department
Any girl under the age OF thirteen, who -
resident Of New York City. and who has COMPLELE1I
the CURRICULUM OF the ELEMENTARY COURSE o.
the BOARD OF EDUCATION. OF the STATE y.
PARTMENT OF EDUCATION IS eligible TO taAe - -
examinations. This applies only students OF -
public schools but also those attending parocnIsJ
private other schools. and those hOldnS Resea
elementary certificates The dates and subjects -
examination follows: Arithmetic. June ~,
o A NJ; Grammar. June 18th 9 A NJ EnsL'ss.
June 18th Al 1880 P NJ The blank eeflA-
JOSEPH A. GILLET
Acting President
New-York tribune., 1907-06-06
SUCCESSFUL FIREPRooF TEST.

successful fire test made yesterdaS =,
Professor Ira II. WoOlson. OF the nieci'A nie.s, AZ
cheering department OF Columbia erect
the plant of the Buildings Department, Al used
and ClaremOnt avenue of freproonns hi'
In concrete building.
New-York tribune., 1907-06-06
Proposals.

OFFICE OF THE SUPERINTENDENT OF TT
~ Mint United States, Philadelphia Pa Juns
19OT-Sealed Proposals duplicate VIII be receives
this once until II O'Clock noon, Wednesday. JahI s,n-
1907 then publicly opened supplying three ~
dred and fifty thousand $50 OO0l avOirdupos pou N,
ngot copper. the quality highest grade svs
TO be vi a low bridge 70 IN
pounds weight. Eleven thousand urSVht
avoirdupois pounds high grade commercial s'nc
thousand 5000 avoirdupois pounds OF ,oia-
assay, suitable for cent oro-s.
age The deliveries to be made 70 suit requreneh hsr
accordance with specifications proposal sheet anu y
information which may be had upon appncatiiA 10 -
H LANDIS Superintendent
New-York tribune., 1907-06-06

T. S. ENGINEER RS OFFICE. NEWPORT r Il q, 'S;T XsT
Z s. 10OT--Sealed proposals for dredging ~ "a
Bedford and Fairhaven Harbors Mass. viii oe ,rs-
ceived here until IL a July 8. 1907, ana
ncly opened Information furnished on aPPii1
J. II. WILLARD. 1t Col, EngrS
New-York tribune., 1907-06-06
Public Notices.

CyITT OF yr,d S6w dYoRKK=RoARD OF ESTIMATE
held May q 1907 s the to@aR 81 sii9s D,,:;a sad
To the Honorable Board OF Estimate Apportiouens
The Petition % q the NEW YORK cAHnL TELHAR-
MQEIC 0IC y C0MFANn respectfully shows
and existing virtue Of the laws ot bs Gsasi5s ss
ing music electrically in the City OF New York and else
sseondvY9ur petitioner desires obtain from the CITY
Oh , New f9rs its consent to and grant OF the fraS
operate electric wires with necessary branches in @
hshways h 6Ooey5ds gaIkways and public places with
and conditions which the Of Estimate NAV - n6 SSs
tained for the purpose Of distributing music eIecrc @ a
the e5,rf TI PeonsT Is prspaTed to distribute from
Borough Of Manhattan music to points throughout
whsTsfoFs petitioner that of you,
tain operate wires for the dsSrbgio aI
or franchise embodied in the form Of CONTRACT -
eordance with the provisions OF the Greater New York
RE% T6E T6Rk E4: cAGi Gi 4y 4FRAFH6s Il aSG5
s,dss 5ssal L, NJ, WI osCAR = 2 r CRosRY President
on this Se 10Th 50da day CoSn OF aS S HsT @ fs e6r me-
came came Oscar Ar CR0SB9 to me personally known who
So; sides IN Marre9t9 en- 9 the state & 9f &ysina thar he
pany. the corporation described IN executed H.
azed sue | ih.tPea Gg sa TSs s,
Io, 1 seal at IL was anxea by order ot the
sisnsa his shsEsto By IKE order tat h rad
that the same is to his knowledge and belief
and Official seal as Notary Public In and fo ~
County and State OF New York this 10th 1891
JOHN c. ROWE
ISeaLl Notary Public So York County,
and the following resolutions were thereupon adopted
WHEREAS. the foregoing petition from Yors
Cahill Telharmonic Company, dated May 10 1907 vas
presented the Board Of Estimate and APpOrtionrsnt az
meeting held May "a. 1901
RESOLVED, that in pursuance Of law this sets
Friday the 7th day 1907 10 so n ths
forenoon. and Room Is in the City Hail. Borough Man
haitian as the time and place when and where such ps-
ton shall be first considered public had
thereon which citizens appear an5
be heard be further
RESOLVED. that Secretary directed cause such
petition and these resolutions be published
two ~ DAYS in two daily newspapers in the City OF New
York. be designated by the Mayor. least
0 days in the City Record Immediately prior to such
date Of public hearing The expense Of such ucation
to be borne by the petitioner.
New York. May "a 1907
New-York tribune., 1907-06-06
Thl. BIN win be The sixth heard at that tInas-

PURSUANT TO STATUTORY REQU -REMENr
L notice is hereby given that act. Assembly
2BSp s 1TP5 No. 1884 has been passed By ootn
branches OF the Legislature. entitled
AN ACT
TO AMEND THE GREATER NEW YORK CHAE-
TER AND THE MUNICIPAL COURT ACT OF TEs
CITY OF NEW YORK BY PROVIDING FOR A RE-
ORGANIZATION OF THE MUNICIPAL COURT Os
THE CITY OF NEW YORK AND FOR CHANGES
IN THE DISTRICTS AND IN THE POWERS Os
SAID COURT AND IN THE PRACTICE THEREIN:
AND CLERKS AND TO REGULATE THE SALARIES
OF THE JUSTICES THEREOF
Further notice is hereby given a Public Hear
irg upon such bill will be held a the Mayors ones
in the city Hall. IN The city OF York. Frtts6
June 7. 1907 at $50 o'clock P NJ
Dated City Hall. New York. June a. 1901
GEORGE B. MCCLELLAN
Mayor
This bill will be the seventh heard az that
New-York tribune., 1907-06-06

DURSUAET TO STATUTORY REQUIREMENT.
Il notice Is hereby given that act Assembly 2SO2
Rec No 225 has been passed both branches ot ths
Legislature. entitled
AN ACT
TO AMEND THE GREATER NEW YORK CHAR
CRIMINAL JURISDICTION
Further notice Is hereby Public Hearing
upon such bill will held a the MAYORS once Ia
the city Hail IN The city Of New York Friday
June :. 1907. 80 o'clock P NJ
Dated City Hall. New York. June 4 1907.
GEORGE 3 MCCLELLAN
Mayor.
New-York tribune., 1907-06-06
CHEAP OPERA TO MOVE WEST.

Keferee-Leutenant II. " York Representative
the veterans-W. H williams tr. Representative
the actives-W. r Walt. Umpire-W. De Wolf Dino,
New-York tribune., 1907-06-06

DURsUANT TO STATUTORY REQUIREMENT
L notice is hereby given that an act. Assembly
aT25 Int PSI. has been passed by both branches
OF the Legislature. entitled
TO AMEND THE CODE OF CIVIL PROCEDLR.
IN RELATION TO THE CITY COURT @ % OF l5f tn
BER OF JUSTICES: SALARIES OF JUSTICES; TIE
DUTIES OF THE JUSTICES RELATING TO Tbs
APPOINTMENT AND REMOVAL OF CLERKS At, A.
TENDANTS. EFT CETERA. AND THEIR pCTIES
AND REFERENCE TO OTHER MATTERS PER
TANNING TO THE ADMINISTRATIONS OF THs
COURT.
Further notice is hereby given that Public Hear
tnE upon such will be held at the Mayors Of1ce
in City Hall In The City Of New York. on Friday.
June 7, 1907. so O'Clock P. NJ
Dated City Hall New York. June T. 1907
GEORGE B. MCCLELLAN
Mayor
Thi. hin viii be the sixth heard az that time
New-York tribune., 1907-06-06

PURSUANT TO STATUTORY REQUIREMENT.
L notice IS hereby given that act. Assembly 5.
1908 Int No I441. has been passed BY both branches
OF Legislature. entitled
ACT
TO AMEND THE GREATER NEW YORK CHAR
TER RELATIVE TO VACATIONS OF EMPLOYEES
WHOSE CONDENSATION IS FIXED By THE DAY
OR HOUR
Further notice is hereby given that Public Hear
ing upon such bill vii be Once.
IN the city Hall in The City ot York. Friday,
June Z 1907 so o'clock P. NJ
Dated City Hall. New York June 4. 1907.
GEORGE B MCCLELLAN.
Mayor
This bill will be the ntth heard at that time
New-York tribune., 1907-06-06

DURsUANT TO STATUTORY REQUIREMENT.
notice IS hereby given act. Senate I4s0.
No. 1893. has passed by OF the
Legislature entitled
AN ACT
TO PERMIT THE CITY OF NEW YORK TO SELL.
OR LEASE TO THE COOPER UNION FOR The
ADVANCEMENT OF SCIENCE AND ART THE
BLOCK OF GROUND IN SAID CITY ROUNDED
BY THIRD AVENUE. EAST SIXTH STREET EAST
SEVENTH STREET AND HALL PLACE. WITH THE
BUILDING THEREON
Further notice Is hereby given that Public Hearing
upon such bill Will be held the Mayors once
1907. !. 80 o'clock P. n
Dated City Hall New York. June : 1907
GEORGE B MCCLELLAN.
This = heard time
DURSUANT TO STATUTORY REQUIREMENT.
notice IS hereby given that Assembly 2542.
No 2S3 has been passed by both branches OF ths
Legislature. entitled
AN ACT
TO PROVIDE FOR PRESERVING THE WATERS
OF THE BRONX RIVER FROM POLLUTION: GRE
ATING A RESERVATION OF THE LANDS ON
EITHER SIDE OF THE RIVER: ACTH0E1IZIE9
TIE TAKING OF LANDS FOR THAT PURPOSE
AND APPOINTING A COMMISSION TO CARRY OUT
THE PURPOSES OF THE ACT
Further notice Is hereby given that Public Hearing
upon be held the Mayors once n ths
City Hall. IN City York Friday. Juls Z.
1907. a 80 o'clock P. NJ
Dated City Hail. New York June a. 1907
GEORGE 2. MCCLELLAN.
Mayor.
This bill will be the third heard at that time
New-York tribune., 1907-06-06

PURSUANT TO STATUTORY REQUIREMENT.
notice Is hereby given that act. Assembly 2so1
No 1917 has been passed by both branches ot ha
Legislature entitled
AN ACT
To AMEND THE CODE OF CIVIL PROCEDURE
IN RELATION TO THE CLERK. DEPUTY CLERK5
ASSISTANT CLERKS. STENOGRAPHERS. INTER
PRETERs AND ATTENDANTS IN THE CITY COURr
OF THE CITY OF NEW YORK
Further notice hereby given that Public Hearing
upon such bul will held Mayors Orica. N ths
City Hall, The city OF New York. Frday Ju1s 4
1907 at I so o'clock p NJ
nated C-itv Hall New York June g. 1907
GEORGE b MCCLELLAN,
Mayor
This bill will Re ths fourth heard at that time.
New-York tribune., 1907-06-06

Doctor of Divinty-The Rev Henry NJ Brown
New York University. b. s and C e. 's6 b A.
80; NJ. a, 92: pastor Of Christ CONGREGATIONAL
Church. New York City: the Rev. Stanley Whit
secretary Of the board of foreign missions Of Tho
Presbyterian Church in the United States OF
America, Orange. ~. ].
Doctor of Iaws-Joseph D. Bryant professor Of
the principles and practice of surgery in the uni
T,ersity and Bellevue Hospital Medical College;
and c. f. 76 secretary of the American Society
Of Civil Engineers. New York City: George FIJI
more Swain, professor OF civil engineering in the
MIassaGhusetts Institute Of Technology, Bost on;
J@9hn 20 woodward New York University, L. H.,
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1907-02-26
TO LICENSE CORPORATIONS
Important Measure to Provide Addi-
tional Revenue Passes
House.

A bill providing an annual license for
corporations and described by Speaker
Joseph of the most important
measures of the present session passed
the house at the regular session Monday
afternoon.
When the measure came UP on its third
reading. Representative Robinson made
a last stand in opposition.
1t may be good business to go after
the corporations" said Mr.. Robinson.
Some people would like to drive the cor
p0rations out of the state. Some of us
think corporations are needed to develop
the state
MIR Robinson quoted a United States
supreme court decision to show that a
state cannot impose a license tax on a
corporation organized in another state
and engaged in interstate commerce.
He argued that the effect of the meas
ure would be TO discriminate against do
nestle corporations required to pay the
license
Representative Dyreng also spoke in
opposition 20 the bill.
we are living in an age when the SEN
timent Is against corporations. he said.
''and we must be careful not to go too
far We should remember corporation
affords the only method the masses have
TO engage in business.
The measure was passed by a vote of
Is to To- 1t provides for annual license
for all Corporations ranging from S20. for
corporations having an authorized capt
tai stock of $4,000 or less. To 500 for cor
poratiOns with an authorized capital of
more than S90.0oe.
If the measure becomes law. il is
estimated IL will provide an annual reve-
to give the secretary of state line on
the corporation that are doing business
and those that have iapsed into innocu-
Gus disuetude.