Ceredo advance. [volume] (Ceredo, W. Va.) 1885-1939, 1907-01-30
MAKING OF HAILSTONES.
An Atom of Dust Is the Nucleus
About Which Moisture
Freezes.

III one would know how hailstone ia
formed he must first dissect it. He will
find that it is composed of a quantity
OF tiny crystals arranged in concentrio
rings or zones, and each zone in turn will
have its evidence to give concerning tho
making of the hailstones on its way to
the earth.
An atom of dust is the nucleus of
each hailstone. These atoms of dust
pervade every part of the atmosphere
and are found not only in the lower
strata of the air, but the winds carry
them to the tops of the highest noun
tains. So that, no matter whether SAM
pies OF air are obtained by balloonists or
mountain climbers, minute particles of
dust are always to be found in them.
1t is coming to be believed that without
these atoms of dust upon which the
moisture OF the air can settle there would
be no raindrops, no fog, no snow. dew.
clouds or hail. Without these minute
platforms, as they are called, upon which
the moisture condenses as it alights.
rain would be continually pouring down
upon the earth. These notes keep the
atmosphere buoyed up till such times
as circumstances compel them to y.Ald
up the supplies they have collected. n
little vapor should happen to con-
dense on particle of dust floating aim
lessly about in the air there is the be-
ginning of what, under favorable cir
cumstances, will become q full-sizej
hailstone.
The hailstone to attain great size
must plunge to the earth from a great
height. The clouds which float at the
greatest distance from the earth are
those known as the cirrus, and are often
many miles above the tops of the high
est mountains. II the beginning of a
hailstorm can only dive to the earth
from this height 1t will, in it's headlong
flight, pass through strata Of air differ
ing very much as regards temperature
and moisture, and these are circum-
stances must favorable 10 its Develop
ment. But before It can begin It's de-
scent 1t must find some way Of being car.
ried up to these heights. So the Jour-
ney is made by getting into the way OF
one OF the strong ascensional currents
which spring upward from almost every
part OF the earth's surface.
In such a place It is not long be-
fore the moisture on the atom OF dust
freezes. The form which the frozen
moisture takes depends upon circum-
stances, but there are many possible
ties before II. 10 may crystalline rs q
tiny pellet OF snow, or may take the
4 nf Cn loo 81
form Of a frozen raindrop. Any OF these
shapes will serve as an excellent begin
ming for further change.
It is easily understood that the forcs
Of gravitation has been constantly pull
ing this atom OF dust and IT'S CONCEALED
moisture toward the ground. AS II
starts on its Journey back to the earth
Il will pass through strata OF air which
differ greatly in moisture and tempera-
ture. Some OF the air will be abovs
the freezing point and other layers will
be below II. while II will be no uncom.
mon thing for the hailstone to dash
through a cloud some thousands OF feet
thick. The hailstone itself, with its
heart Of fee, is always below the freoz.
ing point, so that any moisture whick
settles upon II Is promptly frozen and
forms a girdle Of Ice about the nucleus
When the hailstone passes through
he air that IS below the freezing point
che moisture settles upon II in the form
Of clear zone OF ice. while, on the other
hand, when the air is moistened and IT.
moisture is above the freezing point tbs
girdle Of Ice u opaauA