davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1907-10-12
curinn cownsa Hav.

Presenting that your cowpeas have
been sown in drills three feet apart,
which is the proper way, your harvest
ing will be an easy matter. Start the
mower as soon as the pods begin to
ripen. Always wait until the dew is
off befol e cutting in the morning, and
rake up. the next evening all you have
cut the day before. If rain comes it
will do no harm if the windrows arc
turned.
Before beginning to haul in be pro-
vided with some dry hay, oats, wheat
or rye straw. Haul in the vines, put
down layer twelve to eighteen inches
deep, sprinkle lightly with salt, then
a five or six inch layer of hay or straw,
then alternate as stated until you have
the crop in.
In two or three days the vines will
begin to neat and sweat. The dry
hay or straw will absorb the moisture,
and in two or three weeks you will
have a lot of as nicely cured hay as it
is possible to make. Do not be dis,
courageJ by the extra amount of labor
required to store the hay in layers, as
the returns ale ample compensation
for the work dont.-Oklahoma Farm.
HT.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1907-10-12
Lice and Profits,

The one most serious evil the poul-
try man has to contend with, and yet
the one most easily avoided of all
evils, is the louise pest. Thousands of
farmers think it is impossible to raise
hens without raising lice at the same
time. They admit lice are nuisance,
but are too lazy, Indifferent or igno-
rant to make the little fight necessary
to rout them neck and crop.
The surprising part of the whole
thing is that farmers don't seem to
realize how lice eat the very heart out
Of their profits.
They take them because they come,
without figuring the cost of the visit.
Il few hens die, or the pullets don't
lay, they call it "dispensation," in
stead of frankly admitting it the re,
ward of laziness. The actual truth is
lice are easily gotten rid of, and lit
tie energy expended in shaking a good
louise killing powder about will do the
business.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1907-10-12
FARMING IN
THE SOUTH
In "Foddereettin' Time"

in "Fodder-Gettin' Time"
When de corn begins to rustic,
Den de darkeys halter hustle,
For de fodder-gittin' time is close
at han:
An de days ia hot an hazy,
An de darkeys mighty lazy,
But dey pulls de fodder down an
ties de ban.
But de darkey's mighty willin'
Furter plug de watermillin-
An hit ripens at de time hits need
ed wuss;
Whar We plant hit in de hoen'
An de darkey eats de mos wha'
gifts dar fuss.
Oh, de rustic of de fodder, when de
win is in de corn
OATS de music whut am dear to
Tinker Sine;
Oh, de cookin' of de dinner, de blow
in of de horn
OATS de chorus of de fodder gittin'
time.
Mrs Ellen Frizell Wyckoff. in Nun,
sey's All-Story Magazine.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1907-10-12
FOR GREATER ECONOMY.
Manufacturing Drifting Closer 70
Fields Where Raw Material 10
Produced.

Economy in every industry Is be-
coming more pronounced year after
year. Manufacturing centers are drift
ing toward locations where the raw
materials can be secured at lower
cost. During the past ten years cot
ton manufacturing in the south has
increased more than hundred per
cent, and there has been decrease
In the production of textile manufac-
turing centers in the New England
states in proportion to the increase in
consumption. A score Of years ago
the great flour manufacturing centers
were in New York and other eastern
states. To-day the west controls man.
ufactures of -four and cereal foods.
When mills are located in centers of
wheat and corn producing sections in
number sufficient to utilize the crops
of local territory, it will work bene-
fit to the farmers Of the land in the
saving of what is now paid in freight
rates or raw products to manufactur.
ing eenters, and the distribution cost
to consumers of the land Every farm.
er can help better conditions and help
| himself by giving his support to local
manufacturing enterprises.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1907-10-12
Undrawn Cold Storage Poultry.

The Department of Agriculture has
noted the results of a Chicago cold
storage investigation on the effects of
storing undraWn chickens.
Bacteria normally inhabiting the
intestinal tract" it is stated, Sare not
destroyed by cold storage, neither are
the eggs of the blowfy. These bac-
terra and maggots develop during the
rise of temperature that takes place
after removal from cold storage before
they are killed by heat. The bacteria
pass through the walls of the intes-
tines into the peritoneal cavity and
liver, while the poisons formed by the
bacteria are yet more penetrating and
pass deeper into the muscles. These
products of Jacteria, called ptomaines
are poisonous. In large amounts this
ptomaine poison results in death. For
it there is no known antidote.' It is
also stated that when chickens are
kept for long period undrawn, the
fluid portion of the intestinal contents
may pass into the adjacent flesh to the
injury of the quality of the product.
With freshly killed poultry the matter
is very largely question of the pur-
chase of something which is valueless.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1907-10-12
MAKING eHEAP GOODS.
Low Prices Too often Mean lnfer'ee
Articles.

Efforts to cheaper cost Of produc.
ticn of numerous classes OF goods and
to place them on the market in com.
petition with wen advertised lines,
and at much lower price, has inf1u.
eaced not too honest manufacturers
to turn out very inferior articles. So
long as they can be made attractive
in exterior appearance so as to please
thase whose tastes are for the
"showy" seems to be the only consid-
GRAFTON. In the manufacture of stoves
and ranges particularly is there great
opportunity for fraud. In different
cities of the middle west are large
concerns that make q specially OF
manufacturing stoves to supply deal
ers who depend on cheapn2ss to Sc
cure sales. These manufacturers buy
frofl junk dealers all classes Of old
iron, and Slis remelted and worked
over enters largely into their manu-
featured articles. The result is that
a stove is produced that while it ap-
pears to be all right, a few months
use will prove it to be almost worth
less. The tensile strength is not
there, the metal is rotten and brittle,
and the expansion caused by the heat
makes it warp and crack. The Innings
are of the poorest material!
One of the tricks employed is the
| use of old sheet iron for lining.
| Throughout the south and in many of
| the large northern cities the manu-
| facture OF artificial ice is extensively
carried on. Galvanized iron cans of
| the capacity of a 300-pound ice-cake
| are used, and in every large plant
thousands of cans are in use. The
ammonia that is used in the process
| of freezing soon causes the cans to
corrode, and then they are rendered
useless for the purpose required. The
| stove manufacturing concerns buy uI
these discarded cans, and use them
| for lining stoves. 1t can be judged
| that the life of the stove in this way
| is shortened, but as the stoves are
never intended to last long, the lining
Is as good as the other materia
| Which, CuLCIS 4AGC tASAA NCAhpSoASA04
| In appearance these stoves are al
| that can be desired, but their wearing
and durable qualities are not half thai
of properly made stove should be
They are often sold at as high price:
as the best article, but more frequent
ly are disposed of as big bargains,
and are dealt in extensively by con
Germs that advertise themselves al
manufacturers" and do business "di
rect with the consumers through thu
mails Makers of stoves who put on
brands of goods known to be STANDARD
never resort to such methods, as ont
inferior stove might result in the los
of a dozen sales, and no reputable
stove dealer or hardware merchan
would handle the goods.
/ D. M. CARR.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1907-10-12

COVERING CROPS.
Portions of the Farm Should BE
Spread With Natural Mulen,

Now is the time to begin to plan
covering crops for the ground i'll win
ter. This important matter is usually
put Off until the fall work comes on
all at one time and then it is often
wholly neglected. Large portions of
the farm that should be covered with
some kind OF natural mulch to pre-
vent the plant food from teaching out
and being carried away by the rains
and melting snow and lett entirely
bare. A little investigation will con-
vince any intelligent farmer of the
great value of winter covering crops
and a little time given to planning for
them in advance of the season for
planting them will make teh work
easier and less expensive.
The management of the manure
heap in summer for fall use is quite
as important as the winter manage
ment for spring use, but in the multi
tude of cares and labors of the sum-
mer time the manure heap is often
| given very little atteAtion, If not en-
spread in the field it should be thor
| oughly worked into the soil and thus,
| by the freezing and thawing Of winter
| be rendered available for plant food
for the following season. Upon the
| condition in which the manure re-
mains after being spread depends
largely whether the soil is heavy or
porous and also the kind of subsoil.
Those who carefully spread manure,
first break the ground swith a two
horse pillow, haul out the manure and
then work over the field with cult
vator, going twice across as well as
lengthwise and finish with a harrow,
which prepares the land for rye.
If done early IN the fall, the field is
at once seeded down to crimson clover
and rolled, but if the season is late
rye is used instead of clover. BY this
plan the ground is covered in win.
ter with some kind of crop that pre-
vents the surface from washing, while
the manure is well incorporated with
the soil and it will be in better con.
dition in the spring to supply plant
food than when spread early in the
spring. The objection to fall plowing
is that it leaves the ground exposed
but this is avoided by seeding rye OF
crimson clover. There is always more
or less loss when manure is kept out
in the heap until spring and wher
spread it is not always decomposed
hence it is not available as plant food
but when spread in the fall and sub
ject to thrawing and freezing while
in the ground, it rapidly becomes
available in the spring, as warmth has
tens it's decay.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1907-10-12
F00L The PEOPLE
MOTTO OF "CET-RicH-QUick"
MEN AND FAKiRs.
HOW SCHEMES ARE WORKED
Desire to Get Something for Moth
Ing" Is Played upon-Exercise
of Common Sense Would
End Graft.

"You can fool some of the people
part of the time, but you can fool 9TH
ers all the time,'' seems to be motto
Of the get-rich-quick men and gold
brick" operators. Pages of the daily
and weekly press may be filled with
warnings to readers to be on the look
out for swindlers, yet many who are
credited with intelligence will keep
right on biting at bats thrown out to
them by various concerns who sell
cats in bags"
Psychologists say that every person
has a weak spot somewhere In the
brain. It seems that this softness Is
commonly manifested in false reason
ing that frequently one can get some
thing for nothing. Understanding this
desire on part Of the majority, the
fakirs bait their hooks accordingly.
There are large concerns which have
built up great enterprises by repre-
senting to the people that with each
bill of goods purchased the buyer
| gets something for nothing.
Just think of graft" like this
that will draw S1,S00 worth of soap or
ders in a single month from a town
| of 10000 people! But this is just
what has been dore within the past
few months. Just think of wives of
grocers and dry goods merchants in
large cities joining soap clubs" and
| paying dollar each month to for.
eign concern just to secure pre-
MUM, while their husbands could
supply them at half the cost all the
soap and the premium too Yet
such is the drawing power of the
something for nothing" argument. II
the Creator gave thSse women com
mon sense, they little know how to
utilize it.
Some means should be devised tt
tax directly or indirectly the con
Germs in foreign cities that seek tc
do business directly with consumers
through the mails. At present they
are protected by the interstate com
merce law. These concerns make
their money BY dealing with the PEG
pie of some community, where the!
pay no taxes direct or license fees.
The merchants of the town are
taxed upon the business they do. l:
this proposition fair one? The for
eign insurance companies doing bust
ness in state must pay license fet
for so doing. Why not compel tht
foreign mercantile concern to do the
same? Our national laws should bG
so constructed as to provide tina
there be tax on the amount of bust
ness transacted in state by an.
mercantile concern in another state
unless the business be transacted b.
concerns which pay taxes within thu
state for the doing of such business.
D. M. CARR
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1907-10-12
Price Of Ginseng.

People who have gone into ginseng
growing as side line may be inter-
ested to know # Consul Gracey's re
port from Foochow as to the price OF
American ginseng in China. They
range from $3.50 to So, gold, per
pound, the figures depending upon the
quality, size, color and shape of the
root, the larger roots being more de
sirable. The wild root is worth 20 per
cent more than the cultivated article
The prices of American ginseng have
been dropping of late, as the Korean
product is generally preferred. Gin
seng for shipment to China should be
packed III strong boxes, with heavy
wire or metal protection to prevent
theft.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1907-10-12
Better Farm Drainage.

Drainage will remedy the excess of
moisture in wet weather and the
lack of moisture in dry weather, both
so deleterious to the growing vegeta-
ton. 1t renders possible soil cultiva-
ton at all times and prevents the
accumulation of hydrostatfc water to
the injury of the crops. 1t increases
and deepens the effect of the forces
that make plant food in the soil and
gives a vitality and power to the soil
action scarcely possible without it.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1907-10-12
Givinn Salt to Animals:

For cattle and horses. rock salt
placed in boxes or troughs in winter
and scattered about the pastures on
the grass in summer is preferable to
any other way. Rains have little eff
feet upon it, and this will he found
both convenient and economical. For
sheep, however. this plan does not
work so well. The rock salt is so
slow to dissolve that they are not
able to get sufficient amount of it TO
satisfy their wants, hence it is neces-
sary to use the loose salt for them.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1907-10-12
The effect of meat rations was test

The effect of meat rations was test
ed at the West Virginia Experimental
Station, where one pen of fowls re-
ceiyed a ration of corn and other
starchy grains, while another pen was
fed partly on meat and fresh bones.
The meat-fed fowls laid 1856 eggs,
while the granted birds laid 9,491, or
less than one-half as many as those re-
ceiving the heterogeneous rations. The
eggs from the meat-fed fowls were
larger, mucn firmer rather better, and
produced far more vigorous chickens
than those of the others. Both lots of
fowls remained in healthy, vigorous
condition.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1907-10-12
HOME NEWSPAPERS.
Are Factors in the Enlightenment Of
the People.

This is an era when the business
man who would succeed must place
the right value upon publicity This
is the most enlightened era tL2 worid
has ever known. Only a small per.
centage of the people, particularly
among the English speaking, cannot
read and write, and in fact it is rare
thing to find an illiterate person in
any American community.
In every farmers house can be
found from one to dozen newspa'
pers and periodicals.
The old-style farmer is fast passing,
and there is a general admission that
intelligence, in fact scientific training
is needed on the farm as well as in
the business house and factory. With
telephones, daily rural delivery serv
ice and every innovation of civiliza
ton, the American farmer is fast be
coming noted among the educated and
advanced classes. They are readers
thinkers and logicians.' Growing gen
erations in agricultural communities
have all the advantages that the youth
of cities have, and few of the disad
vantages. They surely breathe 6
healthier moral atmosphere. The
farmers are the main support of the
country press. They feel interested
in all local affairs, and the home ia
per is the means of keeping them in
formed of things going on immediate
ly about them. If the average mer
chant would give as substantial sup
port to the home paper as does thu
farmer, the editor would not only b.
enabled to give the farmer BETTE
paper, represent his interests better
but the merchant would receive ben
eft in seeing his town improve AM
! it's business increased, and all hi
environments improved.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1907-10-12
Make Hay Now.

In many sections this month is the
beginning of actual hay-making. The
grasses, whether crab grass or other
varieties, should not be allowed to get
over-ripe before cutting. They should
be cut just as the first pods begin
to ripen, and soy beans about the
time the bean is half grown. These
all make excellent hay when cut at
the right time and properly cured.
Do not allow them to lie in the sun
too long before cooking. Hay cured in
the cock is usually much better than
chat dried in the sun.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1907-10-12

More Thorough TiIlage of the Soil.
In the south by deeper and more
frequent blowing; by rotation of crops
and the filling of the soil with humus,
by the planting of legumes and turn-
ing under the green crop. This course
will easily double the average yield
of cotton, corn, oats and wheat, over
come excessive drought, or moisture,
and insure the harvest in adverse sea,
sons.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1907-10-12
at PAYS to ADVERTISE

The merchant who believes THAT
advertising is just throwing away
money" can hardly hold or well
when there is any competition to
meet. He might succeed in running q
crossroad store in some pioneer coun-
try, but he has little place In the
business world where it IS essential
that 1lp-to-date methods be employed
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1907-10-12
BUILDING lin Trusts

During the past ten years billions
Of dollars have been sent to the large
cities by the residents of rural com
munities, and these billions have been
used in bulldog up trusts that work
against the best interests Of the
masses who reside in agricultural sec
lions. Is It not time to awaken to
the dangers OF sending money away
from the home tsWns2
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1907-10-12

Shelled corn will be fed more eco
nomically if placed in a trough in
stead of on the ground. Of course a
hungry pig will dig most of the grains
out of the dirt, but he will eat a great
deal of the latter in the process and
that is not fattening.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1907-10-12

Winter layers are obtainable by
Matching birds early in the year and
then helping the pullets through the
mott by the iudicious use Of nutritious
foods. The word "judicious" is the
key to the situation. Too much fool
spells the layers eggs.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1907-10-12

poultrymen should draw the line
between warm and cold seasons. This
is the summer season, and the hens
are not compelled to combat with the
snow and cold of winter. They do not
require food to warm their bodies To
the point of resistance to cold, and the
materials necessary to be converted
into animal food in winter are easily
saved now.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1907-10-12

Go carefully when you begin to feed
new oats or barley. Any sudden
Grange of feed is liable to cause collie
when horses are exerting themselves
to the limit
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1907-10-12

There is no better way to give fowls
charcoal than to burn corn on the
cob and shell it to them.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1907-10-12

Thorough preparation is half tbs
cultivation. Our farm readers will
realize this in the growth Of crops
next season.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1907-10-12

There is no riay ceaneatea with
earning a living. neither there any
play work connected with any depart.
ment of farm work.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1907-10-12

Don't let money go down In drink
or up in smoke. Better keep it abort
the pocket level.-American Cultt
yator.
St. Tammany farmer. [volume] (Covington, La.) 1874-current, 1907-10-12
prnfrBatnrtal Curna

DR.. QJITMAN KOHNKE
Has Established his residence and
Office in C;oVINGToN. LA, st the
corner OF Massachusetts and Boston
streets. Telephone 81.
4orniRg Hour: Q to 10.
Evening Hour: to 4.
The daily Alaskan., 1907-12-23
0F
 THE SHIPS

The Alaska steamship comDany'S steamer Jefferson, and the Pacific Coast Steamship company's steamer City of Seattle, arrived ln within a few hours of each other Saturday night, The City of Seattle brought 30 an the Jefferson 90 tons of freight. On the Seattle came Captain c. Cralie, in comusud at Fort Seward, who went down with the last trip of the same boat, Mrs. aud Miss Unsworth, Of Whlteborse, Mrs J. Grant, also Of Whitehorss and, Of this city, J. c Chambers, from Katella; Judge Lc- Ferrs and Messrs Jerry Lynch, William Hulery and Fred Tanner who have been serving on the jury at Ju- neau.
The daily Alaskan., 1907-12-23
MARCH
 NINETY MILES

Lieut.. Orchard Is iu receipt Of 8 copy of general Ordsrs from MaiOr-Geueral J, Franklin Bell, transmitting 0 letter from the president, requIgIug new and more strenuous tests to be made annual ly by field officers, applying from maiO 8 up, under which an annual ride must be taken of thirty miles for three success sive days All officers must accompany their commands on practice marches. Suitable tests arc to be arranged for field officers of artillery. Also repOrI0 from junior officers putting them to the tests of accuracy, etc. The only officer to which the orders viii appiy h,re abOuis is Col. Green. Lieut.. Orchard says that DO doubt tests will be res qulred of officers of the line also. Flo says the new orders make the most not able changes in the regulations noted 10 many ye rs.
The daily Alaskan., 1907-12-23
FORMER PHYSICIAN
 TO THE SULTAN KILLS
 WEALTHY BROKER
Csy United Press.)

New York, D C. 29.-Janes oli- phant, wealthy member of the stock exchange, was shot by an insane man whose identity has been unknown or was al the time unknown. The insane man committed suicide at once follow. ing the attack, The wounded man died today, It Is now le,rned that the murderer was Charles Geirger, tie ia, nous physician, who served for year, as personal physician to the sultan.
The daily Alaskan., 1907-12-23
SPANISH POWDER HILL
 KILLS TWENTY-FIVE.
 FIRE ERD PANIC
(sy United Prsss.)

Palermo, Spain Dec. 2S.-The eHplo' sion of a powder factory has complete ly wrecked this town and strewn havoc over the whole country surrounding Twenty-Five Dsn and girls were blown to atoms and many others are wounded. Fire Is raging through the debris Oi which the town is composed and panic has spread over the whole country.
The daily Alaskan., 1907-12-23
TOWN BLOWN UPA NEW WITNESS
PROSECUTION SPRINGS
 SENSATION IN THE
 PETTIDORE CASE
tsy United Prsus.)

Boise, Dec. 2S.-John Neville, 8 new witness, was on the stand ia the PetIi- bone trial on Saturday and gave testi mony stronAly cOrrobOrating much Oi Orchards story. The defense was talk en completely by surprise. The evi- ience is very material and has created a great sensation. Clarsaeo DarrOw is in attend ,nce at the trial again.