davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1907-07-13
Bradstreet's Review.

NEW YORK, July l2-Bradstreets to-
morrow viii say: The leading indust ries
not great activity with summer shut
downs limited by the desire of manufac-
OF commodities as a whole are at high
mid summer level Building Is less ac-
tive at some centers but OF record vol
ume at other cities and prices OF lumber
and other materials reflect some irregu-
larity. Demand for structural material is
light, but some heavy business is pend
ing. Steel bars are taken quite fire.
quently. Comparatively large business
In open-hearth steel rails on special
specifications is reported, but otherwise
lower, the long expected official break
in prices having materialized. Some new
business followed the result or the
new prices, but so far there has been
no indication OF a new buying movement
and there is question as to whether
duce an active demand from American
concerns
Failures for the week ending July II
number 1855, against l35 last week, li3
in the like week OF 1905. lee In 1905, 20"
in 1904, and l73 In 1903 Canadian fail
ures for the week number %. as against
Is last week and 10 In this week year
ago.
Wheat Including -four, exports from
the United States for the month ending
against 2.09S,9S4 last week. 952. 231 the
same week last year and b.0l6l li9 bushels
In 1901 For the first two weeks OF the
fiscal year the exports are o363:9lo
bushels. against 3,69f,6l6 bushels in 1906
L. and S.S05. .7sS in l90l-2. Corn exports for
l410.86i bushels last week and 59s,7JS
bushels In 1906 For the fiscal year TO
date the exports are 2,S22, i19 bushels,
against l,2S6.3lS in 19o6-7
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1907-07-13
COVERING BY SHORTS
I MAKES WHEAT STRONG
Market Opens Weak, but Senti-
ment Quickly Changes in
Middle of Session.

CHICAGO. July 12.-Activc covering by
shorts caused strong factor I'm the
wheat market today, with September
showing gain OF Sc. Corn was up ic:
oats were &c higher. Provisions were 1,c
10 l7t@20c higher
The wheat market opened weak be-
cause OF decline OF more than Id at
Liverpool, and the cause of the extreme
" favorable weather I'm the Northwest
Prices continued to decline during the
nfst hour, and touched point Ic be-
low the close of yesterday.
ABOUT the middle OF the day sentiment
changed; and prices COON advanced &c
above the low mark OF the day. The
market was also strengthened by reports
OF small yields In the Southwest The
close was strong. September opened &c
lower TO &c higher at 93ic TO 93lc, sold
OFF to 92sc, and then advanced to si3c.
The close was at 9ic.
The corn market was Teak Septen-
Der opened ac to 2c lower at 532c TO SIC,
to 54Sc. The close was at s4ac
oats were weak. September opened
&c TO &C at 3sic TO 3ssc, advanced ac and
closed 39sc.
The PROVISION market was firm. AT
the close September pork was up l7l6
2Oc at SIG 42Sml6,i5 Lard was up 7hc
at S9-o2a, ribs we're 10c higher at SS.725
RANGE OF THE LEADING FUTURES
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1907-07-13

INKS ARE NOT NEAR
limit OF THEIR RESOURCES
hicks That Are Target of Gov
Investigation Mani
fest Some Weakness.

.rrW YORK. July 12.-The market for
.,crtjes became torpid today. the ac-
IN dwIndling until at times late in
day the trading was Idle. The fluc-
Za,ons were correspondingly narrow,
| ,be undertone was firm. The fore
IN for the weeks currency movement
[,Ssd less formidable inroad upon
a resources of the banks than had
& anticipated, and while the decrease
a, sufficient to leave room for ques-
Z of the maintenance OF a surplus,
[ddering the small margin Of that Item
week the comparatively easy tone
E'the call money market today had
.,Tlrlng effect. AS the subtreasury
.1iions have taken $40. $50. 900 from
banks, It will be seen that interior
|'rtspondents for rcpayments OF the
[j06,O 600 OF government deposits to a
eer less amount than was expected.
|51e progressive easing OF the call
,sy market since the pinch Of
[Anesday precludes the supposition that
: hanks are near the limit of their sur
reserves. The Union Paciic and
|cilnued discussion; The subscription
<rsnis for the Union Pacific bonds
n listed on the stock exchange. and
4 sr selling down to S9a cents. distin-
she'd themselves by an advance TO al
"a at which cash sales were made,
4 only $4,000 900 OF the $4,000, 900 Of
4 Al 10 stockholders at 80 were applied
! The source of the new demand AT a
Z'har price was a mystery. On the curb
4 fuli paid subscription warrants went
4 oF as Sic. compared with sSc, the
<rdicate subscription price
scne Of the stocks of corporations.
.5Irh are the special target OF govern
"a prosecutions, were weak. including
"a iufsrborough- Metropolitan stocks and
- American Tobacco group, One of
Id nbjects of comment was the eN-
I'D publication on Sunday OF findings
+ 1ntsrstate Commerce commission on
a hartman investigation. The Har-
|Ian stocks were firmly held during the
d. The stagnation of the market was
IN feature In the latter part OF the
y, but the gains were held to a firm
ing
|Bonds were irregular. Total sales, par
|.e, 1908, ,00o.
Fnted States bonds were unchanged
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1907-07-13

In the primary markets. Manufacturing
returns tell of large orders on hand and
very heavy production during the first half
OF the year
Lower prices for pig iron were due to
the larger output and more prompt de-
liveries that reduced the premiums paid
for early shipments. Consumption has
not appreciably diminished, although
Few OF the steel mills are closed for re-
pairs. Despite some furnaces rendered
idle for the same reason. the total num-
ber In blast increased six during June.
Quiet conditions prevail In the primary
markets for cotton goods. but the mills
are fully occupied and there is no pros
pect OF easier terms, owing TO the largo
amount OF business under contract, un-
less extensive cancellations are received.
Woolens are not active. new lines OF
mems wear being opened daily without
attracting much attention. and little de-
velopment is anticipated before the end OF
tho month
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1907-07-13
New York Flour and Grain,

NEW YORK. July 12.-Flour-Reoeipts.
lS,SO0 barrels: exports. $4,000 barrels:
auiet and barely stendy,
Wheat-Receip,s. 81. 300 bushels. eX
ports ID, 100 bushels. Spot, frm; No.
red 9sc elevator and 99c { O. b. anoat
afIoat. No 2 hard winter. sJ,00s I. o b.
anoat. With options at the expectation
Of an early cent break due to liquida
ton and lower cables. wheat was more
tive buyers on bad crop news from Mani
toba,. the close showing b4lsc net ad
vance. July. 97s4osaG. closed es3Gi Sep
cember sl.02n9 f.03s. closed. S1.03o; May,
SfO6l11.07j closed 81 Oh.
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1907-07-13
WEAKER TENDENCY
IN MONEY MARKET
NO Gains and Some Losses Are
Recorded, With Trading
Generally Dull.

NEW. YORK, July 12-Spot tin was 5s
lower at fls6 in the London market
Ten Tana,l.i ,Iut1res advanced Rl Is. to E1s1 los
Locaily the market was easy, with spot
quoted at s40.006412s, po.
copper was lower in London with SPOT
quoted a. 4so los and futures at Sss
Ios. or X los lower. Locally the market
was dull and nominal with lake quoted
at a. SI STa92gS6; electrolytic, 21506
2l;76; casting, s21. 1.o062I so
o Lead or unchanged, s6.200525: and at
S2O los In London
opelter was unchanged at E24 5s In
London, and s6.15@6.20 In the local mar
IRON was unchanged In the English
market with standard foundry quoted al
2os and Cleveland warrants at 5ss ad
Locally the market was weak. but with
gu. ont Grange No. l foundry northern.
S2S.'5@2a.2O; southern iron, nominal
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1907-07-13
Dun's s Trade Review,

NEW YORK, July l2.-R. C. Dun &
Cos weekly review of trade tomorrow
will say,
There Is not customary complaint OF
mid summer dulness In general trade
channels. while the demand for season
able fabrics Is rapidly depicting stocks
retail trade is accompanied by more
prompt collections, and many cities that
were slow To respond to the better feel
ing now send satisfactory reports. job
bers and wholesalers nre receiving Iib-
eral orders for fall and winter mcr-
chandise and Interior buyers are active
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1907-07-13
New York Money!.

|cm tss,ro YORK, July 12.-Close: Prime
mshss us paper. ,5l@6 per cent Ster-
|kIInsiige weak. with actual business
grdHers bills al d.S650D4 sc. 30 for
. MI, MI una al 4S3-30@ for sixty
s,so s,s rates; 4:sa and 4.S7a.
onercial bills. 1884.
siean dollars, 525c.
nis on call firm. 4GI2 per cent: rul-
or oiiszs q per cent. closing bid, "a per
suered at 3 per cent.
az ~ ooahs strong on long dates, but
~ dn, m snort sixty days. per cent.
<tsnGt Gt4ss' % per cent; SIX months, 6
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1907-07-13
LIVE STOCK QUOTATIONS.
Chicago.

CHICAGO. July 12.-Cattle-Receipts,
$4,000. Strong. Beeyes, s4,76@7 30; cows
81 7595.s0, beifers, s2.60@5.75. calves
Sc 009S.0o; good to prime steers. s5.S00
7,30, poor to medium, s4.76@575; stockers
and feeders. s2.90@5.25
Housekeeping. 1000; Market, cents
siS: heavy. s.. 2S9 %; rough. sS.a5S5.s5 3.SG
pigs. s5.i5@6.05; good TO choice heavy
$59096.0o; bulk, S. s0@6,05,
Sheep-Rcceipts. 5000 Strong. Natives
s3,756D6 90, Western. sS.7b@5. 90; year
lings. $600066o: lambs, S5.50@750;
Western. S5.50M 7b0.
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1907-07-13
Kansas City.

KANSAS CITY, July 12.-Cattle-Re-
ceipts, 5000. Steady. Native steers. S4.75
@6.8b: native cows and heifers. s2.504
5.75: stockers and feeders, s$,oo94.50;
Western steers, s45O@6.0Os Western-fcd
Hogs-Recepts. 10000. Market strong
TO cents higher. Bulk. s6,o9gsso;
pigs and light, s9S5g5 97b.
Sheep-Receipts. 1000. Steady. Nut
tons S. q 500; lambs. 81 7.00@T.6S. range
wethers S4.75I6.O0; fed ewes, $4.259 90.
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1907-07-13
liverpool Grain Market

i NpL, July 12,-wheat-Spor,
lures red. Western winter, Is
d .id. snteady; July. Is I'd: Septem =
nesno, oecember. rs Iad.
|subern -qudet, Hess dried. 5s I'D
~; Ssn oe 2sd; futures. quiet; July,
Neptember, As I'D.
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1907-07-13
Omaha.

OMAHA. July 2,-Cnttle-Receipts
500 Market steady Native steers. 81
$3.50; cows and heifers sS5o9b.S5; !;
3.2564 SO: cows and heifers. 50 o0@i65; I;
Gamers. s2.25Qs.26; stockers and feeders.
So 00@4s5; calves, S3,50@6.50; bulls and
Hogs~Receipts. 5000 Market, cents
higher Heavy. S56O15. 80; mixed $50
15.75: light. $5.S0@5s2A; pigs, s5.25@5 20 !:
bulk. S5.75G5,s0,
Sheep-ReceIpts, none, Market steady
Yenrlines $5.50M6.15: wethers. $4,000
5.65: ewes. Si.50M525 lambs. s6,5097 %.
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1907-07-13
Treasury Statemsnt

.nsnt os TON. July IL. -Today's
RlIahiso OF the treasury balances shows;
g r coin caSn anS balance, 1852. .eo7. 1876.
csr,, Ss,n and bullion. s67.lSl,4 4ST.
Nerullcates, S50.Il2. n6n
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1907-07-13
Bank Clearings.

Ew YORK. July 12.-Bradstreet.s s
clcarngs report for the week end
NY II shows an aggregate OF 81
,Nooo, as against s2.76S, 461 ,00G last
nnd s2,si5.9l9,0 900 in the correspond
week last year. Canadian cIeartngs
Me week total s97 900. as against
$ss,@O last week and $50. .907, 900 In
%me week last year. The following
lat Of the cities:
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1907-07-13
NeW York Sugar.

tair iroHS. July 12.-Sugar-Raw,
VI 5ssnning. a.35bc: centrifugal,
Z, slesSeec' molasses sugar. 3.0Ssc
eranuia crushed. soc: powdered,
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1907-07-13
81. Iniiie Wnn1

sr,So' July 2.-Wool-Weak. Me-
Nm comblng and clothing, 25@
|tQb , nhc, 22@23c; heavy flne. i6m
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1907-07-13
Minneapolis Wheat.

MINNEAPOLIS. July 2-Wheat-Sep~
tembcr. e81c; December 9Ss49Ssc; No.
hard. s1.0Ii@t.0l9: No. / Northern sI.0Ob
ali, 0ol; No. Northern, aT3mssc; No. 8
Northern, 9iM96aC,
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1907-07-13
new York prodYIoa

oi'h, July 12,-Butter. firm,
Il Steady, unchanged.
"h' unchanged,
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1907-07-13
ST. Joseph.

ST. JOSEPH, July 12,-Cattle--
ceipts 1910 Market steady. Natives.
81 50667 90; cows and heifcrs, s2,25@5.60:
stockers and feeders, SS.50@4, so
: Hogs-Recnpts, 6l0o, Market. cents
higher Top S6523: bulk, $5.S0M5.95
Sbeep-Receipts 3ls. Market steady,
Lombs, s6.75@75o yoarlings. S5.5o@
<
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1907-07-13
RECEIPTS AND SHIPMENTS.
PRODUCE EXCHANGE.

On the produce exchange today the
G24c: daires, 17@22c. eggs firm. at
mark. cases included 13d13ic: hrsts.
1Sc: prime hrsts, lic; cheese, steady, IL
nl3Ac
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1907-07-13
Total sales for the day, 235,IVV eEATe
nJew York Fruit Market.

NEW YORK. July 12MThs ,1nM, %asTst 5INaN feor IoT
eyapors,ed appeis, rs Sens more or
,rreI nnnnai ip9S for the time being Fancy sac
ppl ppime. 7iS7sc; poor to tar So sS7e On the
Prunes are said to be be fTner r. nrn on w1S 59S
nsat eo@sa %mu IONS ranging from 4l@l2tc for Cali
Sornia fruit and from 5a@9c Tor ore
eons ots up ~ Unchanged Choice. 92c. fancy,
22m23c. r,oioe ,1a612Ac; ex-
ira choiee. lss0lsc: fancy, lS@l3ac' extra
tancS. pajs,ns Iy auiet on spot: with loose mus
IA SpGSloc, seeded raisins, 7i6l3c; Lon
don layers, 81 bo@l'0o'
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1907-07-13

Boyal bread is the clean, crisp, Wen
hairo3 bread and every loaf bears the
crown label. :.
The Chanute times. [volume] (Chanute, Kan.) 1897-1913, 1907-05-31
RESENT PACKERS ACTION
Live Stock Dealers Object to an OBJ
noxious Order.
c mmiseion Men of the Various Pack
ing centers Act IN Unison
in the Matter.

Jefferson City, Mo-, May 90
Judge Robert A. Anthony, appointed
by the supreme court of Missouri,
to take testimony in the suit in
stituted by Attorney General Hadley,
against the Standard Oil company,
the Waters-Pierce Oil company and
the Republic Oil company, charg-
ing conspiracy, Friday made his
report to the court. His findings
hold that the Standard, Waters
Pierce and Republic Oil companies
entered into an agreement to con-
troll prices of oil. He recommends
that their charters be revoked and
that they be ousted from the state.
In his report he holds that the SUI
preme court has the authority to
make the ruling of custer.
Attorney General Hadley filed the
suit in the supreme court two years
ago. charging that the Standard Oil
company were in trust and were
parties to conspiracy to control the
prices of oil and petroleum products
in Missouri, and to limit and prevent
competition in the oil business.
Judge Anthony of Fredericktown,
Mo-, was appointed by the supreme
court to take testimony and report
his findings to the court. More than
year has been occupied in the TAX
ing of the testimony, witnesses hav
ing been examined. in New York, st.
Louis. and other cities.
The report of Commissioner
Anthony will now be reviewed by
the supreme court The court may
affirm the findings of the commits
sioner. or it may remand the case to
him with directions for further pro-
ceedings.
If the report should he affirmed
and the findings of the commits
sioner adopted by the court. the court
would then have power to take from
the Waters-Pierce Oil company.
which is a Missouri corporation. its
franchise rights as a corporation.
With regard to the Standard and
Republic companies, both or which
are foreign corporations. the court
would have power to cancel their
right to do business in Missouri. The
court may impose fines on the de-
PENDANTS.
The Chanute times. [volume] (Chanute, Kan.) 1897-1913, 1907-05-31
STAMPED OUT FRATERNITIEs.
Blees Military Academy Near Macon
Mo. Expelled So Cadets to Break
up Secret Societies.

Macon, May 22.-It became known
Monday that so cadets were summar-
lily dismissed and expelled from the
grounds of Blees Military academy at
Fort BIees near here, last Saturday, by
INSTRUMENTATION resulting from the e-
forts of the authorities to break up Sc
cret societies.
1t is stated that the trouble primar-
ily resulted from the dismissal of
senior cadet for disrespectful and in
subordinate conduct. A number OF
cadets proposed to tender ali ovation
to the dismissed cadet. The academy
authorities forbade this and ordered
an extra formation of ranks. Fifty
two cadets, members of an alleged Sc
cret fraternity, refused to obey and
were at once dismissed and put off
the school grounds.
The Chanute times. [volume] (Chanute, Kan.) 1897-1913, 1907-05-31
.,,,do. Iumukin Found Trouble.

jefferson City, May .29.-Former
Judge william NJ Lumpkin, lawyer
and wealthy citizen of Eldon, was
brought here Tuesday and arraigned
before United States Commissioners
Giesburg on a charge of sending OBJ
scene matter through the mails. Judge
Lumpkin entered plea of guilty and
was held in the sum of $500 for the
federal grand jury. He was DESTROYS
of reforming certain alleged disso-
lutte women of Eldon and wrote them
anonymous letter sadvising them to
change their mode of living and to
leave the city.
The Chanute times. [volume] (Chanute, Kan.) 1897-1913, 1907-05-31
REVISION AT ONCE
National Manufacturers Association
Wants Tariff Reform and Re-
ciprocity at Early Date.
OPPOSE COMBINATIONS
They Have Assumed the Task of Ed
ucatine the Public In Industrial
Righteousness-WiII Help
Enforce Laws.

New York, May 24.-The National
Association Of Manufacturers of the
United States went on record Wednes-
day as in favor of revision OF the
tariff at the earliest opportunity and
the negotiation of more reciprocity.
The committee based its recommended
tons on a poll of the three thousand
members of the association. OF the
total number replying 55 per cent de-
clared for immediate revision while 20
per cent expressed Glands Off senti-
ment. Eight per cent believed that
the time for revision had not arrived
and the other II per cent expressed
indifference. .a
The mass of resolutions adopted by
the association ON this the closing day
of its convention, included indorse-
ment of the open shop, industrial edu'
cation, the improvement of the consul
lar service, commentator OF the ma
tionaI river and harbor congress, urg-
ing the president to withhold his APP
proval of the new German agreement
until testimony can be obtained regard
ing its possible effects upon domestic
labor and industry, and opposition to
all illegal combinations. OF this Pres
ident Van Cleave said:
1--WE shall endeavor to assist in edu-
eating the public in industrial righteous
ness. We shall be just as ready to
oppose unlawful acts by combinations
of capital as those Of combinations
of labor. We are opposed to all forms
of industrial oppression. And, If any
body undertakes to compel any one to
submit to such oppression, we shall
endeavor to assist the party so as
sailed. We shall in particular endea-
vor to sustain pubic officials who try
to enforce the laws"
The association selected James w.
Van Cleave of st. Louis president
and F. H. Stillman of New York
treasurer. The convention closed
Wednesday night with banquet.
The Chanute times. [volume] (Chanute, Kan.) 1897-1913, 1907-05-31
COULD READ THE SIGNS.
Little German Knew Well the Mar
rage Was at Hand.

A little elderly German who keeps a
stationer's shop amuses himself by
making up stories about his customers
and telling them to his family.
DAT young lady who has de pink
cheeks, she be married soon, t'ink,'
he announced one night.
Now, my Carl, you know nottings
of her whateffer, is it not so?" and his
wife looked severe.
ut is like dis" said the stationer
solemnly: Il observe, and know. At
first she buys paper and envelopes de
same; later she buy twice as more pa
per, and den five times as more paper
rs envelopes. SO / know she Is be-
trothed. And to-day she buy only
one-half dozen envelopes and five
times as more paper; and when l tell
her she get dem cheaper IL she buy
many, she say, I have no need OF
more, tank you so 1 know de friend
he comes soon and so comes de mar
rage on quickly"-Youth's Compan-
ION.
The Chanute times. [volume] (Chanute, Kan.) 1897-1913, 1907-05-31
Ammonia Kills Five.

Chicago, May 25.-Fiye workmen
were killed and a dozen others seri-
ously injured Thursday afternoon
when an ammonia pipe exploded In
the beef killing department of Armour
& Co.'S plant at the stock yards.
The building was full of workmen at
the time and the deadly ammonia
fumes, escaping from under high pres
sure, penetrated through every de-
partrnent in the building in such a
short time that 20 of the men
were overcome before they could
make their escape to the fresh air.
All but five of these men were drag
ged from the place by their compan-
ions in such serious condition that
it was necessary to take them to a
nearby hospital.
The Chanute times. [volume] (Chanute, Kan.) 1897-1913, 1907-05-31
sAAARA GROWING pRYER.
French Observer Says the Gases Are
Shrinking and viii Disappear.

c. F. Gautier, a French explorer, Is
authority for the statement that the
Sahara is continuously becoming drier
to such an extent that the GASES are
perceptibly drying up and will disap-
pear altogether in relatively short
time. He quotes historic records and
physical signs to show that springs
were at one time more plentiful than
now, and that the extent of the
patches where vegetation f1ourishes
were much greater even so to 100
years ago.
AS the climate of the region has I'M
dergone no change in perhaps thou
sands Of years, he believes that the
disappearance Of the water must be
due to purely mechanical causes. He
considers that it Is due to the con-
tinual advance of the great sand
masses to the north, thus forming an
impenetrable barrier against the wa
tershed of the Atlas mountains.-N. Y.
Sun,
The Chanute times. [volume] (Chanute, Kan.) 1897-1913, 1907-05-31
DELAYED Decision in Eddy Case.

Concord, N. H., May 25.-Arguments
were completed in the Merrimack
county superior court Friday on the
motion of the trustees of the estate
of Mary Baker G. Eddy, head of the
Christian Science church, to intervene
and be substituted as plaintiffs in
the suit brought by her son, George
w. Glover and others, to compel an
accounting of her property. Judge R.
N. Chamberlain, the presiding justice,
isued an order that all affidavits and
all citations in the case be filed by
next Tuesday, and his decision on the
motion will be given later All day an
interested crowd, made up in large
part of members Of the Christian
Science church filled the courtroom.