The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1907-10-27
CODE 70
PR,MJTE SAFETY
Cor .inued from First Pa..eA
(cor dnued from First Page.)

a.l-H rH
snoring, etc. In all excavations ten
feet below the curb. the necessary un-
der-pinning must be done by tho party
owning the adjacent property, while in
of ten feet and over this
cost OF nnder-pinning n snoring must
ne borne by the person making the ex-
cavatfons. The bearing capacity OF the
SOIL is next dealt with, commencing
with one ton for soft CLAY and endIng
Win four tons for very firm. stiff gravel
OF nard clay. Pile foundations also re-
aeNe considerable attention. and the
use OF concrete piles with certain Iimi-
iations are very fully set forth.
rounoatlon walls and the method of
the Same are gone into I'm
the various phases in the shape of
stepped up footings. inverted arches
srlliase and concrete footings. Under
Inc head of walls for buildings are
described in succession the following.
material for walls. walls and piers
nearing walls defined. bearing walls
vain openings and piers. mortar for
Wails, etc. In a table Is given the
hickne of walls for various heights.
For tho Foundations.
in short, this part of the code
provides for a twenty-four-inch depth
for foundations for brick walls with
all base walls not less than thirteen
Inches thick, laid in cement mortar in
the proportions of one part cement and
three parts clean. sharp sand. In dry
weather the bricks must be wet. All
l,arty walls in tenement houses must
be not less than thirteen inches
throughout their entire height. Tho
l,arapet walls. chimney tops must be
laid in cement mortar. and all flues In
q 1L-sI - l. ...1- E.,- 1890 ...,,- 1~
lined with unglazed terra Gotta pipe
not Tess than eight by eight inches.
Minor parts of buildings receive at
tention as we'll as. light and vcntila-
ton. The .1iietflod OF installing hot air
pipes and vent ducts receive considera-
lie attention. The question of eleya-
tors and hoistways and elevator in
closures is fully gone into, as we'll as
n provision providing for an inspection,
of elevators. In the matter OF fire.
escapes the code is very elaborate,
setting forth fully the manner of con-
struction. erecting and maintaining
these %adjuncts to large buildings. Fire
proof shutters and doors, as well as
metal window frames and sash and
wired glass receive considerable atten-
iion. In the matter of nreproof build
Jhgs, the code is very minute, and The
construction of this class Of work is
#lNPTS 9CCuI LILY anu SO3ESNNAs
This part of the code concludes with
e special section describing the manner
Of using reinforced, concrete. and makes
ii special provision for the local in
spection OF the work by an Inspector
paid for by the owner and subject to
removal by the Building Inspector. This
part of the code is in accord With the
very recent recommendation of the
United States Geological Survey, In
their report on the failures OF rein
forced concrete buildings and In which
they recommend this remedy, viz, That
no reinforced concrete building shall be
nut UP without the closest inspection,
and that this inspection, In view OF the
Mnusual character OF the building, must
he borne by the owner.
E Steel and wroughttron columns as
well as castiron columns, receive con-
siderable attention. as we'll as steel and
Iron Orders and castiron lintels. The
strength of steel and wrouEhtiron
ttrusses, rs well as steel and iron-p1n
5spnnected trusses are carefully brought
out. Il the matter of floor loads for
tall classes of buildings the code is
Very explicit. Strength of all kind of
materials are very elaborately set forth
In several pages, while a special sec
dion deals with public buildings.
All theatres and places of public
amusement hereafter erected shall be
shuilt according to the requirements of
this code. which makes provisions In
a most up-to-date name for the COM
fort and safety OF persons using these
places. Every possible provision
against fire and stampede Is used to
prevent loss Of life. The usual pro-
Visions to prevent oYer-crowding are
Retained in this code. and If anything
made, more stringent.
One of tho new provisions that NIP
pear in the code Is the establishment
NJ afro district within which nothing
l,nt. brick buildings will be allowed.
O~utside-ef this district frame houses
aEd very light brick houses can be
constructed. Signs and billboards re-
reive considerable attention In the code,
tnd no billboard over ten feet high will
He allowed. Small onthouses OF wood
HE