The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1907-05-19
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS.

were successful metAllu relsts. for they possessed
the art OF temperinG copper: weapons for the chase
and war and domestic utensils Of good hnIsi and
style. and highly tempered. arc dug from mounds
and found In sand dunes along the southern shore
OF Lake Superior from time 10 time" H. 10 clOHr
that these metal workers were not the ancestors
OF the C~hippewas OF the historic period, and In de
fault of more perfect knowledge the art Is com.
monty ascribod to he Mound builders. In this
citation from Stevens II will be observed that he
Twice refers to the copper as tempered. On the
other hand we have the Judgment OF Lord Ave.
bury. who has pursued the most reconcile research
into The arts OF primitive man. He says 0n'chApter
8 OF prehistoric Times, that these Superior nnds
are not tempered but that the lAminated structure
made II appear that, the instruments had been
brought to their present shape by hAmmeTlnR
out a solid mass OF copper. Even II these 'uncer-
tain abortgines really did know how to temper
copper. the art cannot now be described as . lost
one, for several processes of tempertng copper arc
at present known. The only reason which operates
against the modern use OF tempered copper is that
II Is Impossible TO compete with tempered steel.
which Is far cheaper and altogether 10 be preferred
SO with another Of tile famed lost" arts. the max,
Ing of mAilssble glass, It can be. done. but II 10 not
worth while.
Can you rive me any Information, concerning
the meaning Of the word "Rubsiyat" as employed
by Omar khayyani In his Oriental posmrof that
II is but the name Of the vehicle the poet used.
the plural Of rubdf o ~quatrsin, from drbd'd four.
n Is one Of tho most highly p~racticed forms Of
verse In Persian proGody and with the 0hd.d vteB
in popularity and ARTIFICIAL elaboration. The rhyme
ts particularly intricate and may 20 back through
several words. ThiA is well shown in PSyne'o
tran station OF Omar Kh4yyAu, where the effort
has been made 10 preserve the form OF the Persian
verse. His rendering Of the forty NTH duStrAln
reads:
Sklnker, since ruin Is OF Fortune planned for thee
and me.
This neither world is no abiding land for thee and me.
" - ~. al.. ..n L. 49, A.N1.N Ina .NZa - IT,
and me,
Rest thou assured the very Truths In hand for thee
and me.
FitzGcrald has chosen rather sense than form,
and while retaining the ~Qustrain has developed for
his use the English heroic iambic pentsmeter. II
is only by combining or comparing the work Of
these two tranSlstors, one for sense. the other for
sound. that one may arrive at a full appreciation Of
the care which Persian art has spent upon the
development Of It's Characteristic ~quatrain.
Kindly inform me whether the story of William
as . legend indicative OF the spirit OF the lime. VINO
10 the authority on this subject HISTORY;
William Tell is a myth. Gessier never was, the
whole Incident Is q fable and In lis helvetio setting
avery modern one at that. Yet not on that account
is II the less 70 be held in regard. The story Of the
master archer and the cruel tyrant who forces
him 70 pit his skill against his fatherly love is one
OF the aboriginal treasures OF our race. In Iceland
the Thidreksaga tells II. Il is repeated anew In q
Danish setting by Sake GTammaucus, the PerslanS |
knew Il still earlier. The Swiss story n1es the date
AZ 1907, q period as TO which there is abundance OF
historical documentary record. In these con-
temporary chronicles there 10 no mention OF the
incident, and Gessler does not appear at all In the
list OF Austrian bAiihs. The nrst mention OF the
tale Ia a. late as "DAs Welsse Buch" at the end Of
the fifteenth century and II does not begin 10 as
sumo its full proportions until Tschudi's "Chronicon"
about 1850. The historical questions involved
have been very fully examined In RochholE's Tell
und Gessler." published at Hebron In 1877. In
the same way that other hero OF the ~csntonS. Arnold
Won Winkelried. who made way for liberty and died,
has been assigned TO the class of ancestral myth.
! would like 20 know where ! could &c, authon-
names by the Jews. particularly in Germany. Is
Il not true that In many instances they took the
protection OF their names becIuse Of, money ser
vices rendered by the wealthy Jevsl L.. DKM. W.
The subject forms an interesting chapter In the
article on names In the ninth volume OF the Jewish
Encyclopedia. The suggestion OF names by pur-
chase implied In the question is not borne out by
any current list OF Jewish surnames nor by such
as has been had upon the subject. In
i7H an order was promulgated In Austria COM
Polling Jews TO assume surnames and. In case the
heads Of families refused to select. the petty ON
GERS In whose province lay the enforcement OF the
were empowered to force q name upon such
This accounts for the many ridiculous
such as Puiverbestsndtheil and Singmir-
was. for the stiil more abutive terms such as RselS-
kopf and GAlgenvogel forced upon harmless Jews,
many of which yet survive. About the same time
other States OF Europe enacted legislation 10. com
pei their Jewish subjects TO assume hxed surnAmea,
and In many cases the laws prescribed certain lists
or classes OF names 10 which the choice was re-
Btrcted.
Can you identity . quotation by the merest
fragment ] recall that once / heard telling use
neither regions" as a place where truth could hnd
no lodEment. Il sounds lngersolliAn, but as my
~profsns sound Who said 1t and what did he saT'
Something of the SORT. put with fuii coreney
Of statement, Is one OF the unforrotten classics
of the sunrise slope Of the Great Divide. The
luthor Is Tom Bowen, who succeeded Tabor In
he United States Senate. and II was judiclSlly
for he was Judge OF the Fourth judicial
Distric, OF Colorado when that State was admitted.
He had decided a case wherein the Santa re and
Rio Grande roads were contestants for the right
" way through the Grand Canon. A Denver paper
no time In limiting that the Court was corrupt.
,s soon as he had read the story he delivered I
torrent Of oratory from the bench that parched ,
he prairie from Ration on the south TO Hugo. ,
)ne OF Its sentences. and II still lives, was In refer
nee TO the author OF the news despatch and ran
hus: The heart that conceived II Is as black. =
'arren and verdureiess of truth as the lava beds ,
4 hell" a
Are you able TO give me the time and place OF
q an insurreeilon against the Gnited states IHf in !
'e I.n snS T u i, ssSoS %s. - 70 the last record m1,, that !
MI iAAN ~ NNN n u lbNeL y III ~
risoner in the jail at santiago TlAlteloico near the
lily Of MeIlcot I shall be very grateful n you y
an give me an answer In the Sunday suns "Ques. e
Ions and Answers" at an early date. Very truly v
ours, CHARLES FIRKIHs. h
Tie seems TO have been alive In 1902. and a care full =
sarch OF newspaper indexes does not bring TO light !.
he news OF his death. He would be al the age of a. y
nd a prisoner for thirty one years. In the MeIi- p
IN War he was a captain OF vaquero %Guerrilas and q
al Palo Alto. He turned smuggier after
ie war and operated across the Rio Bravo. A p
svolutonist In Mexico, he became a general OF the +
but was defeated and sought refuge In v
lie United States. In 1884 he was with Macmillan, "
Ut later Joined the republicans. and In 1880 JuAreI a
ave him the once OF federal chief OF TamAuiipas. l.
1870 he was arrested By Gen. Cdnles and without G
fal sent 70 the Taltelolco prison, although DiSI n
I'D ordered that he be executed. =
Which is the standard biog raphy Of 81. Catherine h
SlenAt So APPLBoET. Ia
Regarding the characteristics OF standard IN N
\ rigid sense the only biography is that con- "
lined in the "Acia ySanctorum." A far more .
es,imato OF 81. Catherine Is that IN
ntten By Father Thomas della fonte and trans =,
ted Into Latin BY Raymond dee Vignet, the "
neral OF the Dominicdns and GATHERINGS CON VI
ssoT. Her own writings MI four quarto volumes, y
IbliShed i107 IS In Siena and LuccA, and show II
style OF such singular purity az 10 warrant her
clusion In 'the HAT Of classic Italian authors.
orn AT SlcnA In IS5, tAkinC the veil In her eIeh. II