davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1907-01-29
NOTICE.

Under authority of an order of sale granted
by the Probate Court of the County of Custer.
State of Idaho, dated January 4th 1907, will
sell at private sale the following described real
estate to-wit The East half of the Southwest
quarter of Section Thirty three (33l, in Town
Ship Seven North, and Lots numbered Three
and Four of section a. in Township six North
of Range Twenty FIVE (25l East of Boise Meri-
dian, in Idaho, containing One Hundred and
Sixty hve acres and Sixty hundredths of an
acre.
The sale will be made after February
lst. 1907. and bids will be received at the office
of Chase A. Clark. of Mackay. state of Idaho
Terms of sale Fifty per cent. down, b0lance
upon confirmation by the Court
CLARA n. NORRISEY,
Administrators of the Estate of Edward N
MorrseY. Deceased.
Dated January 1lth. 1907.
First publication January 22nd 1907.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1907-01-29
NOTICE.

Sealed bids viii be received by the Board of
County Commissioners of Custer county, Idaho.
at their regular April 1907. meeting. for the
construction of pier under he bridge span
ming Salmon River ten miles below the town CT
Challis. and commonly known as Watson :
bridge.
Plans and specifications are to be found on
file with the Clerk OF said Board. All bids
must be sealed and marked Bid for Con-
struction of Pier and fled with the Clerk OF
the Board on or before april s.h, 1907.
The Board reserves the right to reject any
and all bids.
BY order of the Board of Co. commissioners.
c. NJ. HENDERSON, Clerk
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1907-01-29
APPLICATION FOR PATENT
UNITED STATES LAND OFFICE /
HALEY, Idaho, Jan. II, 1907. I

UNITED STATES LAND OFFICE !
HALEY, Idaho, Jan. II, 1907.
Notice is hereby given that o.
j. Salisbury has made applica-
tion for a United States patent
for the
QUEBEC"
lode mining claim situated in
Bayhorse Mining District, Gus
ter county, Idaho, embracing
1886 linear feet in length of
said Quebec lode and surface
ground not over 600 feet wide,
being Lot or Survey No. 2160,
and described in the field notes
and plat of the official survey on
file in this Office, with magnetic
variation at 10 degrees 30 min
uteS east, as follows
Commencing at Corner No. 1,
of the claim, and running thence
south SO degrees 81 minutes east.
600 feet, to corner No. 2 of the
claim; thence south As degrees
49 minutes west. 600 feet to cor
ner No. 3 of the claim; thence
south > degrees II minutes west
S45. 8 feet, to corner No. 4 of the
claim; thence north 63 degrees
81 minutes west 565 feet, to cor
ner No. OF the claim; thence
north z degrees O9 minutes east,
SO6 feet, to corner No. of the
claim; thence north II degrees
81 minutes east, 1854 feet TO cor
ner No. z of the. claim; thence
north 45 degrees 40 minutes east,
4S0 feet, to said corner No. /,
the place of beginning.
From said corner No. 1 u. S.
Mineral Monument No. 1, Bay
horse Mining District, bears
north % degrees % minute:
east, 1176. ) feet.
Said Quebec lode claim is loca
ted about 3 miles west of Bay
horse on unsurveyed land.
The area of said Quebec claim
as above described, being the
area claimed and applied 70
(there being no confiicts), /!
1858 acres.
+ Said lode location mining claim
being of record in the Office O.
the County Recorder at Challs
) in Custer county, Idaho, in Vol
3 of Quartz claims, page 575, rec
f Ords of said county. The near
est known locations being tn,
Ramshorn, Lot 81 and Utah Boy
. Lot 46.
1 direct that this notice b.
published in The SILVER Mes
SENGER. at Challis, Idaho, tn
newspaper published nearest th
: said mining claim. for the perio
1 of nine consecutive weeks.
i n. J. SHARP, Register
t Bradley, Pischel & Hardness
: Salt Lake City, Utah, Claim
b ants Attorneys.
! First pub. Jan. 29th, 1907.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1907-01-29
NOTICE OF FORFEITURE.
To MYRON SHANEOUS, YOUR
HEIRS OR ASSIGNS

To MYRON SHANEOUS, YOUR
HEIRS OR ASSIGNS
You are hereby notified that 1.
Lost Packer Mining Co., your
co-owner in the Lode Stone
Fraction" quartz mining claim.
situate in Loon Greek Mining
District, Custer county, Idaho,
have expended One Hundred
Dollars (S100.00) in labor and i'm
provements on the above men
toned lode mining claim for the
year ending December 81, 1906.
The above sum being the an
nual assessment for the year
1906. You are hereby notified to
to contribute your share of the
above amount which is Thirty
three dollars and thirty three
cents 1888. 33), besides the cost
of this advertisement which is
Fifteen dollars ($15. 5.00.)
Unless you, your heirs or as
signs pay the above amount
within ninety days after the full
publication of this notice, you
Will forfeit all your right to the
above named claim, and 1T viii
become the property of the sub
scriber according to Section 2324
of the Revised Statutes of the
United States and the Amend
mentS thereto.
Lost Packer Mining Company
BY p. J. SHEAHAN, Agent.
Ivers, Custer County. Idaho, j an
uary 18th, 1907.
First publication Jan. %, 1907.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1907-01-29
ROAD AND BRIDGE FUND.
tissue of Oct. 18th, 19O5.)
Nos. So to 6S inclusive.
tissue of Js 18th, 1906
Nos. SO to 104, inclusive.
REDEMPTION FUND.

Issue Oct. 18th, 1905. 5.-No's.
oil to 221, inclusive. Current
Expense issue.
Issue Jan. 18th, 1906.-No's.
222 to 254, inclusive. Current
Expense issue.
Interest .07 per cent from date
of registry to date of payment,
if presented within ten days af-
ter date of this advertisement.
Interest ceases 10 days after date
of this advertisement.
F.. j. CLYDE,
County Treasurer.
Challis, Idaho, Jan. %, 1907.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1907-01-29

CURRENT EXPENSE FUND.
tissue of April 10th, 1867
Nos. 80 to go inclusive.
tissue of July 23rd, 1906.)
. Nos. 81 to ia inclusive.
tissue of August 9th, 1906.)
No. 115.
tissue of Oct. 18th, 1906.)
Nos. 116 to 1852 inclusive.
tissue of Nov. 10th, 1906.)
Nos. 163 to 222 inclusive.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1907-01-29
TREASURER'S NOTICE.

The following warrants against
Custer county will be paid with
interest to date, if presented
within 60 days from date of this
notice
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1907-01-29
LOCAL NEWS NOTES.

Hon. N. H. Clark is quite sick
at Boise.
Rev. A. J. Hoar preached on
Pahsamaroi last week.
Chas. Webb came out from
Loon creek Sunday the Goth.
1t is reported that Mrs. Chas.
Potter, of Challis, was married
in Wyoming about three weeks
ago.
County Auditor Henderson is
fast learning the routine of his
Office, and says there is plenty of
work to keep one busy.
Messrs. Felkner, Keyes and
Fox are attending court at Black
foot this week, being interested
in the case of d. E. McCallum
VS.. the Horseshoe Copper Co.
The annual meeting for the
election of all officers of the
First Congregational church of
Challis, will be held on Thurs
day afternoon at 2'o'clock, Jan.
31st, 1907.
Our go years ago, Legislature
news, and many local items are
crowded out this week on ac-
count of the Commissioners pro
ceedings, which take nearly five
columns of space.
The Salt Lake Semi Weekly
Tribune devotes especial atten-
tion to the mining news of Utah
Nevada and Idaho, and contains
in every issue the latest quota
tions of all mining stocks of in
terest to the people of this re
gion. Write for a sample copy.
A'charity ball was given il
Challis on Monday night the
21st, for the benefit of l. B
Christensen, an old-timer from
Bayhorse, who has been in Chal
lis for some time very feeble
He left for Boise the following
morning. The ball and privat
subscription together netted tn
old gentleman about 5000. Nh
. Christensen owns a mine at Bay
f horse that in the early histor.
of that camp nearly a $4,000
worth ore was taken out. 1t i
, said to be good mine yet,
capital could be induced to ex
plore it.
John w. Davis, a California
t '49-er, died of pneumonia at tn
= ripe age of 80 years at Fourth @
: July creek, where he has ranch
on Saturday, Jan. 18th. He wa
: one of the earliest settlers i
} Lemhi county, and is known b,
: all the old time Salmon ant
l Leesburg people in Challis.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1907-01-29
SCHOOL REPORT.

Report of the Clayton school
for the month ending January
25th, 1907
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1907-01-29
CHALLIS,
Lodging
Rooms First. Glass !

Rooms First-C Glass
At Mrs. M. Jose's Hotel, locat-
ed just a short distance north
west of r. N. Hull & Co.'S. store
Challis, Idaho.
Large rooms and good beds.
Lodging by the day, week or
month. Rates reasonable.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1907-01-29

Good Sample Rooms for
Commercial Men. X x x
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1907-01-29

OOhh OOlAhCOn was ONC1 1AOul
May last week.
VIM. T. Oster and wife depart
ed yesterday for Salt Lake.
Senator Alger of Michigan, and
Capt. Singiser died last week.
VIM. Helfrich died last Tues
day at Mackay from pneumonia.
Born-On Monday, January
21st, 1907, in Challis, Idaho, to
the wife of James McLerren, a
son.
H. L. Benner, the popular
merchant of Stanley Basin, made
business trip to Challis last
Tuesday.
Born-To the wife of Arthur
Wilcox near Salmon river, in
this valley, on Tuesday, January
22nd, 1907, son.
John Maher, of Lincoln, Neb.,
was here last week with a view
of taking out a big canal from
Salmon river to reclaim land in
this valley. This project has
been looked over so many times
the people have lost faith in it.
E. G. Dodge on Wednesday
last had John Fisher, who had a
lease on one of said Dodge's
ranches, arrested for assault and
battery. Fisher was brought
before the Probate court in this
city and was fined So and costs,
which he paid.
All live stock, grain and pro-
duce market quotations in which
the people OF the intermountain
country are interested are given
in each issue of the Salt Lake
Semi Weekly Tribune, which is
published every Tuesday and
Friday, $1.50 per year.
Silver Leaf Rebekah Lodge
No. 27, l. o. o. F., last Tuesday
night installed the following
elective officers for the ensuing
term
n. G.-Mrs. Efie Blume,
V. G.-Mrs. M. Wilkinson,
| Secretary-Miss Lizzie Thomp-
) son,
Treasurer-Mrs. Eudora Huff
man.
The Mackay paper appears to
be hurt because we got the Off
I cial printing for Custer county.
The printing was advertised to
! be let in January, 1907, and we
were the only legal bidder, and
the Board was in honor bound
1 to comply with their call for bids
/ to award us the contract. De
spite the fact the Miner sent to
each member of the Board a
copy of the Miner, also a letter
e stating that if the Board would
f be so kind and postpone the mat
ter till April, Providence permit
ting, they would do the work for
: $3.50, which was no bid at all be-
l0oOoO NClC hOO a 1CSo1 pap
er Had the Board postponed
the matter, the MESSENGER was
e the only paper that could legal
: ly do the work till April, and for
J. this the Board would be compel
o led to pay US the legal rate at sc
much per folio, and with this ad
dition our contract at 5000 was
V the lowest. We cut from S400 tc
! 5000 because the Board said they
going to retrench on everything
. and asked to aid them. But have
Is they !? There was no talk by the
l. BOARD of postponing the printing
L. contract till April. This tall
o. came from one or two outsiders
On two occasions the printing
has been let to Mackay paper,
IN and both times forfeited. Fol
% % years this paper has done tht
, work faithfully, and it is a con
> ISOLATION and worth more to tn,
ID people to know when contrac
j. is let that it will be fulfilled.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1907-01-29
ROAD FUND.
Accounts allowed and disa
lowed on Road Fund

Jas Maverty-6h days work on bridge
Sl95O-disa llowed, not sworn to.
Jas. Maverty-61a days work bridge
Sl950-duplicate bill evidently.
Elmer Fitzgerald-91s days road 80. % so
Chas Farnsworth-bridge work .......... u 90
50 on Current Expense.
Alex g. VIM. Klug-4 days work on road 12 90
James Jose-work on road d................ 90
Alvin WesJ-tim5er for bridge. .......... 90
n. Tewalt-work on road, days. Il 90
james Pence--worz on road ...... so
Lost Packer NJ. Co-work on L. c. road
s42-dfsallowed not sworn
w. H. smith-2s5 days work overseer-. 1O5 81
VIM. Smith-work on bridge. e........... 62 80
/ AL Hoskns-olacksmith work ...... ......- p
i John Smith-2I days work on road ..... 73 50
Corney Sullivan-9H ''... % so
! George Smith-e% -" ".... 1s so
John Mock-I1 days work as overseer. AZ u
Joseph Vanouse-repairing road. 3 90
| George Elus-constructing road between
Borieson and Shoup ranches. .-.....-.- 100 90
No further business appearing
Board adjourned without date.
J. H. GREENE, Chairman.
@. M. HENDERSON, Clerk.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1907-01-29

Born-On Monday, January
21st, 1907, in Challis, Idaho, to
the wife of James McLerren,
son.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1907-01-29

25th, 1907
Number enrolled. d.... 10
belonging. . IA
Per cent. of attendance. 80. 94
" " punctuality. SO
Number of visitors. .. 8
Star scholars: s:-Lawrens Hos
ford, Thomas Campbell, Aileen
Sullivan, Ruth Hosford, Elvira
Campbell, Lizzie Leigh, Robert
Campbell, Johanna Sullivan,
Charlie Thompson.
We are pleased to have had
with us this month Fred and
Tom Gossi, who were absent dur
ing November and December.
We are also pleased to know
that next month we will have
Earl Frank and Blanche Marker.
JOSEPHINE O'DAY, Teacher.
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1907-01-29
COUNTY BOARD.
Continued from page g. }

NJ & c. ]. Stage Co-fare and express -. 43 so
+. Nickerson & Cos mos. rent Treas. 10 90
Henry Sturkey-6 mos rent School Supt. 42 90
Louise Bascom-salary and expenses -..- l7T 60
S49IO disallowed, not a county charge
VIM. Buster-rent, wood ana cutting 50 90
]. G. Finnell-salary and expenses...-... I50 75
Capital News-otficial stamps Sll.3O.
disallo wed-not sworn to.
Louise Short-witness fees.............- p
r. ". Hull g. Co-mdse e................... II IS
John Stephens-Commis. salary and ex. 1Ol 90
Joseph Clark-constable fees......... .. 12 90
Z. p. Huffman-collector's fees.........- AZ IS
Duncan Cameron-Coroner's salary ...... % 90
Dillingham; Bros-stationery $3.50
disallowed, not sworn to.
Alex txlug-i54 cords Of wood . 76 25
]. II. Baxter-rep. g. furnish. poll. place. 90
s. j. Roberts-assistant Assessor........ 90
H. w. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS on bonds. 294 90
Geo E. Keyes-salary, etc c............... $50 co
The silver messenger. (Challis, Idaho) 1890-1912, 1907-01-29
LOOKING BACK.

Nearly one year has elapsed |
since Gov. Gooding, ex-Gov. Nc
Donald, together with other
plant tools, James Mcfarland,
ct al, succeeded, under the COW
er of darkness, aided by armed
guards and special train, in kid
mapping and abducting from
Colorado into Idaho, Meyer, Hay
wood and Pettibone, officers of
the Western Federation of Min
ers. And in reviewing this con-
spiracy from the time of the ar
rest down to the Habeas Corpus
decision of the United States
Supreme Court, it is found that
it has never been equalled on
American soil. Excepting, how
ever, the decision of the Supreme
Court was equalled once before
when said court rendered a
(wise) decision in the case of
| Dred Scott, just prior to the
Civil War. In that decision the
court declared a negro had no
rights white men were bound to
respect.
By carefully examining the
two decisions they are found to
be almost parallel. The decis-
ion in Dred Scott's case was rem
dered by a Supreme Court dom
mated by the chattle slave power
of the United States. The decis-
: ion in the case of the Western
5 Federation officers was rendered
by a Supreme Court, the major
ity of which at least, is servile
capitalistic greed and graft. The
! decision therefore appears to be
; a logical decision and means that
r labor leaders, and labor in gen.
eral, has no Constitutional OF
other rights that officers in auth
f ority are bound to recognize.
!. The 14th Amendment to the
. Constitution of the United States
guarantees that ''No State
shall make or enforce any law
+. which shall abridge the privil
eges or immunities of citizens o.
e the United States; nor shall any
State deprive any person of life
q liberty or property without due
d process of law; nor deny to any
person within it's jurisdiction
;. equal protection of the law"
. Colorado and Idaho did deny
Meyer, Haywood and Pettibon'
their liberties; did deny them re
dress through the courts, ant
further denied them the privileg
of legal counsel prior to beinl
abducted from Colorado. Thes,
s. are facts affirmed by the wive
= and friends of the imprisone
is Federation officers. Facts no
disaffirmed by the Denver press
Denied, however, by Gov. Good
ing in Challis October last on hi
vote soliciting tour.
The Supreme Court in its dc
cision before mentioned gave it
sanction to all this proceeding:
which, if put in words, woul
sound much like an earlier e2
preston in this kidnappin
game Ii. e. ITO hell with th
Constitution, we have got thes
men and what are you going
do about it ?"
In my opinion, among til
common people who have rea
this decision, a vast majorit
look upon it as being heniou
with dread and with fear An
this fear intensified for the re
son all the facts relative to I'll
kidnapping and the illegality
the methods in taking the Yves
s. ern Federation officers from &C
mt orado to Idaho was admitted /
, the court prior to its decision.
- - 1t is, however, some consol
tion to know that the entire ju
- iciary of the United States is n
,t yet owned and controlled boo
af- and soul by the mighty combi
Mt. alton of capital, greed and graf
Tue The following is what the di
The Newark journal. (Newark, Ark.) 1901-1959, 1907-05-17
HOW TO BUILD A TOWN

Many, many suggestions have
been made in reference to the best
way to build up town, but the
following from the Dixie Home
comes nearer meeting our APP
proval than anything we have
seen lately. Here is what it says:
The best way to build up a town
is to stand by every man in the
place who is trying to do right and
shows tendency to promote the
business interests Of the town.
When man is doing we'll do not
try to tear him down if his bust
ness is respectable and legal
All residents should be partners
for the best interest of the COM
munity and not opponents. Every
business man who treats his Gus
toners honestly and fairly will get
his share and the more business
that can be secured by united eff
fort the better it will be for all.
When a town ceases to grow it
begins to die, and the more people
try to kill each other in business,
the more rapidly utter ruin comes
to all. Stand together for the ad-
vancement of every deserving
citizen.
The Newark journal. (Newark, Ark.) 1901-1959, 1907-05-17
STATE NEWS ITEMS

A colony of Germans has re-
Gently settled near Mountain
Home.
Army worms are playing havoc
with the meadows in Randolph
county.
Fourteen wolves were killed in
the last two weeks in the northern
part of Baxter county.
A proclama zion has been issued
by Acting Governor Moore offer
ing a reward of 500 for the arrest
and conviction of John L. White,
who is alleged to have killed John
Webb at Kingsland, Cleveland
county.
Adolphus Moody of Bentonville
while stanking near a small tank
filled with gasoline Friday, struck
match to light his pipe. The
gasoline exploded, his clothes
caught fire and he was nearly
burned to death.
The Newark journal. (Newark, Ark.) 1901-1959, 1907-05-17
NOTICE TO TEACHERS

Notice is hereby given that the
Teachers Annual County Institute
for Independence county will be
held at Batesville, Arkansas, be-
ginning Monday, June 10, and
continuing one week. All teachers
are required by law to attend.
The attention of teachers is called
to the fact that renewals of certi-
ficates can be made only at close
of June Institutes. 1t is hoped
that every teacher in the county
will be in attendance.
On Thursday and Friday, June
20 and 81, the regular quarterly
examination will be held.
SIDNEY PICKENs,
County Examiner.
The Newark journal. (Newark, Ark.) 1901-1959, 1907-05-17

Up to. the close of last week rs
carloads of Strawberries had been
shipped from Crawford county.
1t is estimated that the crop has
already brought $3.50, 900 into that
county this season, and shipments
will continue at least ten days
longer. Now just suppose for a
moment that the farmers around
Newark were growing straw
berries for the market, which they
could easily and pro6tably do, and
suppose there had been shipped
from here this season, some twenty
or twenty-five carloads of berries,
bringing twenty-five or thirty
thousand dollars into the COM
munity. Why, every body in town
would have bank account and
would be wearing a regular Teddy
smile. And it could be done.
Some as fine Strawberries as we
ever saw, grew right here in
Newark.
The Newark journal. (Newark, Ark.) 1901-1959, 1907-05-17

The management of the South
ern Railway has taken a radical
stand on the subject of cigarettes.
Any employee known to have the
cigarette habit will not be favor
ably considered in making pro-
motions, and persons addicted to
the habit who may be candidates
for positions will be disqualified.
The Newark journal. (Newark, Ark.) 1901-1959, 1907-05-17

An exchange remarks that in
these days the man who makes u
fortune is called successful man.
But true success is conditioned
upon character and not altogether
upon the size of ones bank &C
count. Whether wealthy man
is successful man and worthy
example for others, depends. among
other things, upon how he made
his money and how be uses it.
The Newark journal. (Newark, Ark.) 1901-1959, 1907-05-17

A correspondent writing to the
Cotton Journal says he has lived
in Texas fifty years, but this is
the most backward spring he ever
saw. No cotton is planted in his
county and the outlook is very
gloomy. Reports from Louisiana
say that fully half the crop in that
state is yet to plant and much that
has been planted will be to plant
over. Cold weather has necessi-
tated replanting a large part of
the crop in Georgia, and, in fact.
similar reports come from all parts
of the cotton belt, indicating a
general reduction of the cotton
acreage throughout the entire
South. II winter hangs on much
longer there will be no cotton crop
made this year.
The Newark journal. (Newark, Ark.) 1901-1959, 1907-05-17

A Law and Order League was
recently organized at Cotter, and
seems to be making life miserable
for the blind tigers and joint keep
ers. The tigers are getting 1t IN
the neck at several places over the
state, and if public sentiment
against them continues to grow,
the blind tiger will soon be an ex
tinct animal in Arkansas.
The Newark journal. (Newark, Ark.) 1901-1959, 1907-05-17

The only measuae passed by the
legislature to be vetoed by Acting
Governor Moore was the bill pro-
yiding for the establishment of an
agricultural school in the state.
No state ever had too many schools
and it seems to US that the acting
governor selected a very meritor-
ious measure for the slaughter.
The Newark journal. (Newark, Ark.) 1901-1959, 1907-05-17
Just before adjournment the

Just before adjournment the
house passed the bill by Senator
Wingo providing for the establish
ment of state normal school. A
state normal school has long been
badly needed in Arkansas. The
Wingo law is mere makeshift,
but it is at least start in the right
direction, and the next legislature
may ia Ike the matter up and deal
with it in IL more practical and
substantial manner.
The Newark journal. (Newark, Ark.) 1901-1959, 1907-05-17
btlshel.

The legislature refused to make
any further appropriation for the
new state capitol, aud it is said
that the work will be practically
at standstill for the next two
years. There has been entirely
too much petty politics connenct'
ed with the building of the state
capitol.
The Newark journal. (Newark, Ark.) 1901-1959, 1907-05-17

Farmers in the vicinity of ST.
loan Springs have entered into an
agreement to plant 800 acres in
cucumbers for Fort Smith pickle
company. 1t is expected the yield
will be 5000 bushels, the price
for which will be 80 cents per
bushel.
The Newark journal. (Newark, Ark.) 1901-1959, 1907-05-17
FRIDAY, MAY II, 1907

Wheat passed the dollar mark
on the Chicago market Monday
and it is predicted that it will go
to 81. 80 by July. The man who
eats biscuit this summer is going
to have to dig to pay for them.