davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Lexington intelligencer., 1907-02-09

WANTED;-Local representative Ia
Lexington to look after renewals and
Increase subscription list, for
prominent monthly magazine with
large, highclass circulation, on a
salary and commission basIss with q
continuing interest from year to year
In the business created. Experience
desirable, but not essential. Good
opportunity for the right person.
Address Publisher, box SO, STATION Q
New York.
The Lexington intelligencer., 1907-02-09
AGENTS Wanted.

A winner for agents-popular dollar-s.
moOth health and accident policies.
Big commissions to live agents.
CONTINENTAL CASUALTY Co., 1908
MI eLt'' Ave, Chicago, III. 1.2
The Lexington intelligencer., 1907-02-09

For SALE-Fine pair 14OO h..
mares. s1s studebaker wagon, double
harness; also 100 ID, mare, top
buggy, single harnes, cheap. INQUIRE
At stable OF ]. Q. YOUNG JR.
The Lexington intelligencer., 1907-02-09
BUT KEEP YOUR DISTANCE.

she-Would you like to have me
sing "FOr All Eternity" for puY
He (seizing the opportunity, also
her handy Indeed = indeed 4
would. Boston Transcript.
The Lexington intelligencer., 1907-02-09
Notice

From this Gate Gu / will prosecute
all parties found trespassing or hunt
ing with dogs Or guns on my farm.
Take warning, keep off.
c BEssENoER
jan 10Th, 1907. 112ts
The Lexington intelligencer., 1907-02-09
80 OuND.
no. ~ r,,u.ls NJ.

Gss 1t will be seen that all of these
rains run to the Lexington station
except .he morning train west and the
evening train east on the River
Division. Busses me- these train at
NyricN.
A. s. LOOMS. Agent
The Lexington intelligencer., 1907-02-09

Suitor-Isn't your father likely to
come in at any moment?
BeIla--Oh, no. Papa is hiding in
the coal cellar. / made him think
that you were a man with writ.
The Lexington intelligencer., 1907-02-09

Miss Flatter-Mr. Binks is a very
broad-minded man.
Miss Critic-Broad minded Pos
sibly that's why so many of his re-
marks seem fiat.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1907-03-23
HEAD Of PRESSMEN'S
union IS REBUKED
The Tennessee State Federation of
Labor Withdraws It's Con-
gratulations.
When It Learns That He Made
Agreement for the "Open
Shop.'

During the recent session Of the
Tennessee Federation of Labor, word
was received that the Executive Board
Of the International Printing Press
mems and Assistants union had Sue
ceeded in negotiating an agreement
with the United Typothetae of Amer
lea calling for the eight-hour day and
the union shop. A telegram Of con-
graduation was forwarded to Presi-
dent Higgins. It was later learned
that the agreement signed by the rep
resentat1ves Of the pressmen contained
an "open shop clause, and the fol-
lowing open letter has been addressed
to President Higgins:
Nashville, Tenn, March II.
"Mr. Martin Higgins, President Inter-
national Pressmen and Assistants
Union, Charlestown, Mass.
Dear Sir: At the recent convention
Of the Tennessee Federation of Labor,
held in Nashville motion was made
and adopted instructing the President
and Secretary Of the Federation to
send you q telegram extending con-.
gratulations on securing the union
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1907-03-23
CHILD LABOR EVIL
IS NATIONS CRIME

Under this caption the Gate City, Of
Keokok, Iowa, has the following ex-
cellent EDITORIAL:
"One Of the most satisfactory evil
dences Of an awakened public con-
science Is the earnest efforts that are
being made in various states to sup
press the child labor evil. According
to statistics gathered by an Eastern
writer 100000 children between the
ages Of IL and IA are working from ten
to twelve hours a. day in mills, fac
tories, mines and sweatshops, doing
the kind of labor that kills. Thousands
of them succumb each year to their
onerous tasks or to the unhealthy con-
ditions that attend their labors, and
those who survive are growing up in
densest, darkest ignorance with little
or no chance to become good citizens
or to avail themselves of the abounding
opportunities which other children
have to lead happy, useful lives and
win independence In a trade or pro-
fession. When they reach manhood
and womanhood they reproduce their
own kind either in or out Of the bonds
of wedlock, and this multiplied type Of
moral and physical degenerates, whose
sole heritage Is ignorance and crime.
stunted souls in stunted bodies, fur
hishes the ever increasing mass OF
criminals, maniacs and feeble minded
who f1ll the jails and asylums Of the
country. The legacy OF crime and im-
morality which these child laborers be-
queath to their offsprings might al-
most be taken as natures rerlbutions
upon nation which permits child
slavery. &.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1907-03-23
SOUTH CAROLINA GETS
RULING FROM PRESIDENT

Late last week it was announced
from Washington that Attorney-Gen-
eral Bonaparte had decided that the
state of South Carolina was violating
the immigration law by importing for
eign working people under contract
and that the practice would be pro:
hfbited. Thereupon the South Carolina
politicians and "others'' interested in
the attitude assumed by the adminis-
tration hustled up to the capitol ana
held a quiet confab with Roosevelt,
Bonaparte and Secretary Strauss, of
the Department Of Commerce and La
Dor, who legalized the South Caroliea
scheme, and now the dispatches read:
THE result of the interview with the
President and Mr.. Bonaparte is said
by Governor Howard Of South Carolina
to have been entirely satisfactory to
all concerned, and the opinion was
expressed by Mr.. Howard that the
new immigration law will not deprive
the states Of any rights" Where are
we at?
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1907-03-23

shop and the eight-hour day for your
organization. You doubtless received
the telegram. However, we have not
received an acknowledgment.
AFTER sending you the telegram we
have received copy Of the agreement
entered into between you and the Ex-
ecutive Council of the United Typothe-
tae Of America at Philadelphia, Pa. A
careful reading Of the agreement con-
vinces us beyond any doubt that the
Federation of Labor has been misin-
formed, and that instead of securing
a. union shop contract or agreement
and the eight-hour day, you have Sc
cured-or rather the Typothetae Sc
cured-the open shop and an eight
hour subterfuge. Under the circum-
stances, and knowing that the Ten
nessee Federation Of Labor stands for
the eight-hour day and the union
shop, we desire to withdraw the tele-
gram.
VERY respectfully,
"A. E. HILL, President.
CLARENCE e. SWICK, Secretary"
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1907-03-23
BAY STATE COURT
RENDERS ODD DECISION

Eastern papers announce that the
Massachusetts, supreme court has
handed down a decision to the effect
that trade unions and their officers
are responsible for all damages caused
by strikes. The supreme court has fall
ed to decide who is responsible when
lockouts occurs-probably the work.
ingmen and their unions will also be
mulcted in such cases. While dam
age suits against unionists are being
prohibited in Great Britain, in this
free" country they are being legalized.
There's reason. In England the
workingmen are standing up for them
selves politically; in the u, S. the
workingmen pride themselves upon be-
Ing voting dummies for machine bosses
and capitalists. IA"
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1907-03-23
Electrical Workers Choose
Man for City Inspector

The Electrical Workers union at its
regular meeting discussed the question
OF an electrical inspector, an office
which is to be created by the City
Council. The union desires an ordi-
nance which will furnish adequate pro-
lection for the lives of it's members
who may be engaged at outside con-
struction work. The union has decided
to recommend the appointment Of one
Of it's most able members, and it Is
thought that the officials will consent
to his appointment.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1907-03-23

try-they are far worse off than when
they began.
is 1t to be wondered at that the
members Of the Typothetae who were
responsible for the decentralization of
the printing trade which followed this
senseless lockout, are being condemned
by their fellow employers? Is it not q
shame to think that a handful of hot
neads could wreak such havoc?
All during the months of this strue-
gle the union printers on strike
throughout the country conducted
themselves in a peaceable and ORDERLY
manner. Their only weapons were
persuasion and appeal. They had ab-
solute confidence in the support of the
public when their case was laid before
them. All they had asked for-that
which was refused-was an eight -honr
day. They firmly believed the public
would sustain their cause as reason
able one. Their confidence in the nub-
lie has not been .misplaced-the nuh-
lie have stood by the printers in their
struggle for the eight-hour day and
the union office.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1907-03-23
MUCH MONEY RAISED
FOR MINERS DEFENSE

New York trade unions and So
cialist party branches have raised s6-
soo for the miners defense fund and
$500 besides for the purpose of
spreading information relating to this
case. In Chicago the unions are dom
ating money in liberal sums to en-
able the Chicago Daily Socialist to
secure telegraphic reports from an
Idaho correspondent from day to day
when the trial begins. In nearly eyerv
city In the country conference COM
mittees have formed for the purpose
of raising funds, organizing meetings
and spreading literature containing in
formation: about the Western situation.
The people are becoming thoroughlv
aroused and are watching every move
that is being made in this contest.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1907-03-23
CONGRESS WILL PROBE
KIDNAPPING IN IDAHO

It is claimed by Eugene V. Debs, who
was in washington several weeks
making Investigations and secured
Senator Carmack, of Tennessee, to in
troduce resolution in favor Of prob
ing the arrest and deportation of the
Western miners officials as well as
the printing Of Justice McKenna's dis
senting opinion in the Congressional
Record, that there are scores of SEN
ators and Congressman who openly
condemn the kidnapping and will ia
vor an investigation at the next ses-
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1907-03-23

right does any force in society dare
to cut off hundreds Of thousands Of
it's helpless innocents, from their her.
itage in the one life that is theirs to
live?
But even If commercialism overrides
the moral law on the subject there is
the broader question Of the coming
citizens Of nation. Children who are
early put to confining and unhealthy
work-if indeed they do not die within
a few years-grow up such stunted and
degenerate specimens of humanity that
their children are still more enfeebled
than themselves.
Unrestricted immigration.
One unpleasant truth is, that en-
ployers would probably be more care
full about employing child labor and
thus cutting off the possibilities of
adult productive and reproductiveness
were it not that practically unrestrict-
ed immigration still brings to our
shores thousands of hundreds of
thousands of lusty immigrants whose
large families bear proof in numbers
that race suicide is an unheard Of doc
trfne. These immigrants come from
generations Of hardy peasants who
have toiled in the fields, and they real
| ly bring with them a sturdy health
and Vigor that takes more than one
generation, of factory life to bleach
into impotence. Coming from agri-
cultural and Village work they do not
f1nderstand tie sdaaSI ilacforY ma
mine work tor 8, 81
@.<' European condiitiprs. sas,%: 5s5S.s
have seen the Slav women in the
fields of Europe yoked up with the
oxen and the German women bending
all day at a back breaking task of
| wedding truck gardens and the chill
dren assisting in the work. Strange
| and repellant as the spectacle was,
yet the little children were constantly
In the open air near their mothers.
There was more or less play mixed
with the work, and the household tasks
| were so primitive that neither moth
er nor children had indoor work to do
that was a burden. When such ma
! terial lands here and it put in the
crucible Of the mine factory or mill,
it brings with it a store of energy
| which is not at once exhausted-when
! the victim does succumb, what then?
| Many people who consider themselves
good citizens say: "Never mind the
| waste heap and wreckage; the over
populated sections Of Europe still send
| swarms to this country" One employ
er, more brutal in speech, but not in
intent, than many others, said: What
| difference what becomes of the chill
dren? These immigrants are a pro-
life race, and the supply is still great
er than our needs"
Appeal to Console ence.
If we could only reach the con-
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1907-03-23
PROFOUND SENTIMENTS
by CELEBRATED AUTHOR
PAUPERISM NO EXCUSE FOR
CHILD LABOR.

1.-The dependence OF widowed
mothers upon child labor IL Of
ten seriously urged when re-
stricive leKislation In in ques-
ton. According to the census
investigation, this theory seems
to have n much foundation an
the hue and cry raised about
the ruined orphan and widow
stOckholder every time there is
an attempt made to regulate the
rapacity and corruption of pre-
lat0ry corporations. The wick
edness of coming young flesh and
blood and energy into dollars. is
not lessened because the parents
of the children fail to show the
capacity for seH-sacrifice and
unselfishness, which would make
them suffer rather than send
their children OUT to work. So
long as there are parents cruel
enough to do this, 1T ls impera-
tive that the state protect the
children by enforced legislation.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1907-03-23

made up under prepOsterOus cOndi-
tions, and the suspicion could not be
absent that they were intended as a
reductio and absurdum. But in the
time tables produced by the men, out
OF l96 runs covered the total number
Of trippers or short men was only
eleven in excess Of those already in
existence. Taking all the old time
tables the total number of short-run
men would not exceed eighty eight
and under the new conditions Of the
city and the progressive Improvement
Of the time tables, it is certain that
they could be pulled down to a con-
siderably less number.
But even If it were true that the
eight-hour time tables could not be
operated without a larger number Of
short runs, the absolute number would
in no case go above 200. It seems to
me that it would be an extraordinary
principle to put into force that the
tail should wag the dog and that the
working rules for 1000 should be con-
trolled by the real or fancied neces-
stiles Of 200.
Apprentice Rules.
e. The contention Of the ma
jority is that the Carmen must not be
allowed the eight-hour. day because
under it the apprentices could not
maintain a reserve force or waiting
lise. If the company wants appren-
tices let it do what it does when it
wants select ctrical apprentices or water
tenders or laborers. Let it "pay@a Hv-
ing wage. Neither in law nor morals
are the men bound to maintain a
training school for the benefit of the
United Railroads.
Claim Reasonable.
ITO conclude this question of the
eight-hour day, I must dissent from
the action of the board in shelving it..
The universal eight hour day is COM
ing as surely as the day follows night.
The demand for an eight-hour day, in
the working world is like the demand
for representative government or
manhood suffrage in the political
world. 1t may be refused for a time:
IL cannot be permanently denied.
"The eight-hour day is already here
ana 1t is here to stay. Half the work.
ers in San Francisco have the eight
hour day already; the rest have the
nine-hour day. Outside of the carmen
those who work ten hours are few
and far between. Just as it was i'm
possible to have United States that
was half slave and half free, so it Is
impossible to have an economic COM
n11n1fv {c ho1 @{~l>%
half more. The carmen will not rest
content, and should not rest content.
until their conditions Of work are az
good as those Of their fellows. It
seems to me that it would be the part
OF wisdom to end the slow agony of
long hours and give the men what
they are entitled to, the eight hours
that they demand"
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1907-03-23
FR. YORkf'S GOOD talk
ON THE SHORT WORkDAY
APPRENTICE METHODS
WRONG IN PRINCIPLE

In commenting ON the cOnten-
tiOn of the railroads that the es-
tabaishment Of the eiRht-hOur
schedule would result in creating
an extremely large number Of
short runs, and that new men.
who would be given these runs
could not make living wages,
Father YOrke points out that the
objections raised are really found
ed upon the erroneous apprentice
system of the United Railroads
Themselves. He showed that the
system was devised for the pur.
pose of filling up the ranks Of the
employees at an unreasonable
low cost to the company. Men
ON the waiting list are only paid
for hours Of work, and during the
time Of waiting they must sup
port themselves. In NO other
line of endea-or are apprentices
treated as they are by the conn
pan1es. The system must yield to
advanced conditions.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1907-03-23
One of the Three Members of the
Board of Arbitration in the
Trouble Between the United
Railroads and Their Employees
of San Francisco.
Mastery presentation Showing
Conclusively That Eight Hours
Are Demanded by the Health of
the Men and Safety of the
Public.
Eight-Hour Schedule Desirable
From d Business Standpoint,
and is in the Interest of the
Roads Themselves as Well as
the Public.

The following extracts are taken
from an opinion delivered by Father
Yorke, based upon the evidence prod
uced before a Board of Arbitrat ton of
which he was one Of the members in
a controversy between the street car
employees Of San Francisco and the
United Railroads:
Convincing Evidence.
I'm my opinion the most convinc-
ing evidence that was produced in ia
vor of the eight-hour time table was
the readiness with which the union
met the demands of the company and
produced eight-hour time tables ir
which the same number of cars were
operated for the same number Of hours
with the same headway, thus giving
the public precisely the same service,
without an additional cent Of cost to
the company. These tables were pro-
duced without any of the scientific
helps in which the office of the COM
pany must abound They were pro-
duced by Mr.. Clapp unaided; they
were produced in hurry, and beyond
few clerical errors the skilled men
OF the company could not find a single
flaw in them as regards practicability
1t was admitted that they were work.
able; it was admitted that they de-
manded no more cars, no more ex-
pense. The only objection the COM
pany did find was that the tables
would not be agreeable to the men.
or course, one must always respect
the employers solicitude for the well
fare of his employees, but it seems to
me that under the circumstances it
would be well to recommend the COM
pany to do violence to it's feelings and
let the men have their own. ,WayA
especially as they asked Tor It 'by@ q q
vote Of 1897 to IA.
Time Tables.
AS a matter of fact those time
tables are not the tremendously unin-
tell1gible things that they look.
The testimony shows that
IN San Francisco at least, they have
been put up and taken down so fast
that the men had not time to pick
their runs. The testimony also shows
that In street railroading the hours of
laS1
Two or three decades been reduced to
sixteen hours, to twelve, to eleven to
ten, and Immediately after the fire
they were eight. Where now are the
sixteen hour time tables and the rest
They are gone like the SHOWS of last
year, and why should the ten-hour
claim Immortality?
The fact that time tables are per-
fectlble and are being continually per-
fected is sufficient answer to the
argument made in the majority report
against the eight-hour day.
Objections Answered.
1T is not exactly in accordance with
the usages of language to saw that
there would be a much greater num-
Der of extremely short runs under
the elght-hour table. It is true that
the company produced eight-hour
tables of its own under which there
were a much greater number of ex-
tremely short runs but it came ont
IN the evidence that those tables were
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1907-03-23
SUPERIOR SHIP BUILDERS
NOTIFY LABOR AGENTS

A committee from the striking boil
ermakers and ship builders Of Superior
visited Duluth this week and officially
Informed all of the local employment
offices that there was a strike on in
the yard of the Superior Ship Build
ing company. The purpose of this was
to compel the agents to print in red
letters the words "STRIKE ON" 40
that all who may be engaged to go to
work In the yard may know the condi-
'1eols prevailing there.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1907-03-23

s1on' and this impending investiga-
ton will, in Deb's opinion have the
effect of breaking down the prosecu-
ton and ultimately freeing the miners.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1907-03-23

Mr.. Union Man IN Notity your print.
o. ihst the Bell Phone is Unfair.
The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1907-03-23

CONTINUED on page 81
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1907-12-05
EAGLES.

A.a largely attended and interesting
mseting Of Alva Aerie No. 81, Frater-
nal oder of Eagles, held last evening,
the following officers we're elected to
serve during the ensuing year Past
worthy president, Thomas Chauucey;
worthy president, Edward J. Fleming;
worthy vice president, John A. Rice;
worthy chaplain, W. E. Jacobson; sscre-
tary, Joseph FL. West; treasurer, Arthur
A. Paul; inner guard, j. Walter Hughes;
outside guard, Thomas ID. Downey;
trustees, Joseph G. Morgan, Peter I.
Harrington and Chss. Il. q mmerman;
physician, DR.. Samuel B. Moore. The
meeting was followed by social session at
which speeches, Rotations and songs
were rendered by several of the members.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1907-12-05
OYSTER SUPPER.

The oyster supper held in Confederate
Veterans building last night by the
Womsn's Auxiliary TO r. E. Lee Camp
was we'll attended and delightful supper
was served. The tables were in charge
of Mrs. Mary Kelly, assisted by Mre.
Blanche Berkley, Mrs. E Fl. O'BrieD,
Mrs India Henderson, Mrs. J. E. Alex
ander, Mrs. S. s. Sipple, Mrs' K tie
Writ, Mrs. Thomas Collipg'worih, Mrs
ID. j. Howell, Mrs. NJ. NJ. Peyton, Mrs.
Chas. Sheppersop, Ms. T. Wellington
Rose, Miss Lena Sbiun, Miss Daisy
Williams, Mrs. f E. PSdgett and Miss
Ficklin. Tho supper will be repeated
tonight from to 10 O'Clock. There are
homemade cakes and candy on sale.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1907-12-05
MInGETS IN JAIL.

Asw.s stated in the Gazette, Warden
Capler end officers Knight and Fergu-
son arri7ed here yesterday afternoon
abou. two o'clock with George Midgets,
colored, convicted of The murder of
Charles I. Smith. The officers say they
experienced 20 difficulty in conducting
Mideels to Alexsrdria, be having acted
in a docile manner from the time he
lef. the Fredericksburg jail until he wss
pl sced 10 the cell 10 this city. Midgeis
told the officers that his recsnt attempt
to escape from the Fredericksburg jail
was made with Ratchet, which had
been furnished him BY one Of the jail
attaches to drive some nails in his cell.
He denied the statement attributed to
him that be intended to kill the jsilor.