davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Birmingham age-herald., 1907-09-15
.CA1uI4L LEZ2gRCzE zQpOcEEw
 1OLZZH H2ANOZH

through laterals over the thirsty ienA This project will involve an outlay of So, 100000 but it will irrigate 100000 acres of land which will then be worth S8o, 900, 900 or more.
 In the canyon of the Salt River 2o00 men are at work on the Roosevelt dam which, with the exception of another structure of the Service, will be the htgh- est in the world. It win be 2s5 feet in height and 800 feet along the crest and will contain 100000 cubic yards of ma sorry. The reservoir created by the dam will be larger than any artificial lake in existence, with a capacity ten times greater than the Croton reservoir. To put it another wayI it will hold enough water to cover 400, 900 acres to depth of one foot. At the bottom of this lake will lie a town which at present consists of per manent stono buildings, has population of 2,6o0 and boasts all the usual utilities of large urbaa center When the dam Is completed and the river, now running through a diversion channel, is allowed to return to it's bed, the inhabitants win desert Roosevelt and the waters will sub
The Birmingham age-herald., 1907-09-15

serve three years with the colors and sev- eral years thereafter with the reserves and national guards. Every man in the i'm mense army that invaded Manchuria was drawn from actual work at home and the effect was famine and other disturbances from which the country Is not yet free. So even in peace, thousands must spend time at drill when they might otherwise be employed in factories contributing to the nations wealth and welfare.
 Neither the government nor private in diyiduals can advance the money needed for the contemplated manufacturing ex- panslon. II must be borrowed and 1t is from America principally that the Jap anese hope to get it. One of the mem bers of the Japanese Embassy at Wash ington recently made a remarkable plea in public speech It is significant in several important respects that may be referred to in future articles. After ad- hitting frankly that his country Is in urgent need of capital, the speaker said:
 The United States is supplying ma terials for our important industries. Why cannot she sunnly the canital tno7 Thara
The Birmingham age-herald., 1907-09-15

population was the chief inducement to the late war. She now has it in Korea.
 The salvation of Japan and the mainte- nance of her position as a world power depend upon her solvency and the deyel- opment of her mechanical industries. She Is carrying q burdensome national debt of nearly one thousand million dollars upon which fifty million dollars interest must be paid annually. The maintenance of her government. and her military estab- lishmcnt is very heavy, and projected public improvements will make large drains upon her exchequer, For example the national acquisition of tha railroads calls for $250000,000 In order to meet it's obligations at home and abroad the Japa- nese Government must tax the people to the utmost and in order to meet the demand the people must have new ave nues for making money Such is the situ ation and 1t is almost critically acute.
 To our inflated notion of Japanese abil- ity Is due the prevalent idea that these versatile people will set to and in few years establish a vast industrial system. The chief factors In such an accomplish
The Birmingham age-herald., 1907-09-15

exists between Japan and Great Britain a political alliance In the East; why can there not be a commercial alliance be- tween Japan and the United Statesf
 '"The field for the commercial and in- dustrial activity of Japan has been im- mensely enlarged as a result of the last war, and this offers a specially favorable opportunity for American cooperation. With the cheaper labor and a eompara- lively superior knowledge of oriental mat ters possessed by the Japanese, combined with the inexhaustible supply of Ameri- can capital and materials, we can build up an impregnable commercical strong hold in the East which can defy the rivalry of the world"
 The program, as outlined by the Hon. orabe Eki Hloki, Is very attractive from the Japanese point of view. But, in the meanwhile, the American manufac- turer Is realizing that he must extend his markets abroad; he Is putting n great deal of money into the Panama Canal with view to doing so and, if the truth must be told, he is planning to beat the Jap in the very field where he is invited to cooperate with him. The pfOnOSlIlou IS uot llhely lo appear lo our capitalists for the same reason that similar one has failed to move the British with any degree of enthusiasm
 The Japanese Government Is lending It's aid intelllgently to all projects that promise to make for industrial develop ment. The present exposition at Tokio is only preliminary to the great exposi- ton that will be held in 1912. No pains will be spared to make this the largest and finest affair of the kind in history. It Is planned to spend unprecedentedly large sums upon 1t. The enterprise will be in the hands of the government and the active cooperation of every country in the world will be sought. It is pro- posed to secure extraordinary low rates to Japan from all parts of the globe for both freight and passengers. with view to encourageing exhibits and visi- tors.
 Tho next twenty-fva years viu test
The Birmingham age-herald., 1907-09-15

do not cease with the provision of water, They extend in revolutionary movement to the agricultural communities that shall occupy the land. The rural settlement" Is an ideal solution of the farmers prob lem. Every farm on a Reclamation prof ect will be within three miles of one of these towns The settlement will con- tain central graded school, churches, library, and, in short, all the usual urban features. Good roads will connect it with the surrounding country and in many in- stances the irrigation works will supply water power which may be utilized for the operation of electric railways and for lighting and factory purposes.
 The first of the great projects entered upon by the Reclamation Service was the Truckee- Carson, located in Nevada and designed to transform the Forty Mile Des- cit, the most desolate and barren spot on the continent with the exception of Death Valley. The chief feature of this operation consists ir lifting the Truckee River fror1 its natural bed into a great canal which will carry 1t, into the Carson Reservoir whence 1t will be distributed
The Birmingham age-herald., 1907-09-15

ment are labor and capital. It Is gener- ally believed that Japan has q great ad- vantage In "cheap labor" As a matter of fact, labor Is no longer cheap in Nipon. It has more than doubled in value since the war on account of the greatly in- creased demand for it. Furthermore, in these days of machinery "cheap labor IS rather an ambiguous term. The greater part of latter-day labor in the manufac- turing industries Involves skill. The Japa- nese have yet to acquire this and 1t w,ll take considerable time. Neither custom nor bent will lend the people any facility In mechanical pursuits and even with the assistance of American and European foremen, it will be long before Japan's Industrial development is on sound basis or In vigorous condition.
 Another retarding factor Is found in the system of conscription. The armies of most countries nowadays are recruited for the most part from among the ranks of those who have no regular employ ment. In Japan. every able-bodied man, rich or poor, without distinction of class, rank. profession. or trade. is reonirad to
The Birmingham age-herald., 1907-09-15

dian ocean and then sink down into thu sea again with their rude baskets. Eacl diver can work about six hours. Tht only appliance used by these pearl divers Is tortoise shell clip which is placed on their nostrils to exclude the water. Even this is not always used. As for diving ap- paratus 1t Is never used. The average dive takes from 35 to 30 seconds while the maximum dive has been ninety sec onds. It must be remembered that the diver is working as hard and fast as he can drive his body the whole time he is on the sea floor and that the pressure of the water against the lungs is something terrific to withstand
 It is just about noon the next day when the divers climb aboard the sail boats and stand for shore. As soon as the oys- ters are landed they are taken into a huge and picturesque stockade where each diver has his sacks checked and is given one-third of the oysters as his pay ment for the work. He immediately sells these oysters on the streets 100000 oysters are usually brought in and the enormous record of five million oysters In a single day has been made in the Ceylon pearl fisheries.
 
 The buyers of pearl oysters are really more interesting than the divers. They are of all races and from every land un- der theAsun. Many are backed by enor- nous capital. A man may lose five thou sand dollars in a bad days buying or buy only a thousand oysters and become millionaire over night. Every shell Is lottery ticket of the most uncertain value. The bids are required to be repeated in at least two languages and in more If re- quired by any individual bidder. All the pearl oysters taken out are sold by the syndicate. This may seem strange but the syndicate makes a tremendous profit by this method and takes absolutely no chances. When the oysters are opened the lucky merchants send their pearls to India and from there they are shipped to Paris and London. New York takes year ly millions of dollars worth of CeyloD pearls all of which have been found in inst the way described above.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1907-09-15
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merge 1t.
 The Unoompahgre Valley contains hand which, when a suf1oiency of water Is ap- plied to it, proves to be as fertile as any in the world. At present the Gunnison river is flowing in futile amplitude past the valley at the bottom of a rocky can. yon, three thousand feet below the sur face of the mesa. The Reclamation Eery. Ice is boring a tunnel through the moun- tain to carry the waters out upon the ad. jacent plain. It will be six miles in length, and win effect the irrigaton of 13o,ooO acres. The greater proportion of this work is accomplished and its com pletion is looked for about year hencA
 The shoshone dam is going up in north. ern Wyoming. It will lock a parrovt granite canyon and VIII rise to a greater helght-31o feet-than any other In the world. The site of the dam is fn spot formerly almost inaccessible but the Servs Ice has constructed road several miles in length though the canyon It passes through scenery indeecribabty beautiful and affords new route to Yellowstone Park.
 At the foot of the Black HIns, in South Dakota, an enormous earthen embanh- meut is in course of construction. tt win be 1f5 feet in height and more than a mile in length and win act as re. taining wall to a lake twenty milss long by five wide and in many places over one hundred feet deep This pro3ect-the Belle Bourche-4s to be opened in khe present year.
 A semarkatas piece of engineering ss connected with <he Yuma project on Sfse Colorado Rfver Across that eccsntxic stream Is being thrown hugs dam of the East India weir type LacAtng bed rock foundation the enormous masonry construction win rest upon the sand ts is to be nearfy mfle In length and tt stretch about soo feet up and down stream. It's weight win be eooooo toua and it's cost three quartars of mi1tipn doilars Another remarkable operation tns volved in this protect is fhe carrying o1 the Giia River through steel and uee ment syphon 8,8oo feet Iona underneath and across the Colorado.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1907-09-15

YYE AT is the greatest material enter AZ n rise of the Government at the &$3 present day? Nine persons in ten win answer at once: "rhe Panama Canal But we have within our own country national work in progress which Is incom- parably greater and Of more importance than the Istbmian operation. Ne dc not hear much of the Reclamation Service
 the mira ie-working bureau Of the Govern ment. It was only organized five years ago, and its projects are located in out of-the-way places. 1ts engineers are matter -of-faet type of men. intense and close -mouthed It is difficult 10 get story from them and if you succeed, II is apt to he delivered ill the practical terms of the craft For weeks the pres ent scribe pestered "Gunnison' Mecon- nell for an account of the famous tun' mel. Now the exploration Of the canyon and the construction work on the six mile shaft to pierce mountain 3,o9o feet in height have been accomplished by blood-stirring deeds of heroism, ad- venture. and difficulty, hut the engineer 5 narrative neglected all these as non-essen- tials. It was plain picture in half tone of q project and the mechanical fea- lures involved In is execution.
 The. Reclamation Service has set its hand to the splendid task of converting 5o1uOo00 acres of barren waste into Nchiy productive land much of ii the most fecund on fhe face of the globS. The scene of the contemplated transfor mntion- which is proeeediag with won Grrlul rapility is Che Great American
 csert. embracing aur sixteen more or 'nss arid States and Territories and oc-
 lryiES two-af,hs of the area of the
 uited States. II is region that we
The Birmingham age-herald., 1907-09-15

shall need ere long for the aeeommodt ton of our expanding population, and il is destined to provide homes for millions of prosperous people. It will cost on nn average about $50 per acre to reclaim this land. so that the total outlay on this splendid work of redemption will be S1, 500, ,00o, GOO. or seven times the cost of the Panama Canal
 Some of the land already reclaimed has value of 1000 per acre, and a large proportion of It is worth $20o and more. The average value of irrigated land in the United States Is S47 per acre. so that we may, without taking account of in probable future decrease in opera. ton and increase in real estate values, calculate that the ultimate result of the enterprise will be 10 add at least s2,359, 100000 worth to the taxable property of the West. It will take fifty years or more to complete the magnificent work, but meanwhile each month sees thou sands of acres of desert yield to the magic touch of water.
 Private enterprise has done much in thls direction since the Geological Sur vey drew attention to the possibilities twenty five years ago. Irrigation canals in total length sufficient to make q double circuit of the world have beer. construct ed at an outlay of s90,0O000O and a crop producing area of 10,000,000 acres, equal to that of the State of Massachusetts. has been wrested from the desert. Each year this erritory-formerly barren and uninhabited he it understood-yields n harvest valued at more than S15o GOO, GOO and supports 100000 of prosperous people. There are today large stretches of land producing annual crops worth 5000 per acre on holdings which A few
The Birmingham age-herald., 1907-09-15

semi-arid States and Territoriesi that the cost of each operation should be repaid to the Government by the sale of water rights; that the land should be disposed of to actual settlers under the homestead act fin small farm units sufficient to sup port q family; and that at the end of ten years the irrigation works-with the exception of the reseryoirs-should be turned over to the people. Thus the sery- Ice has a constantly increasing fund which now amounts to about $50, COG, 900 that Is turned over and over and is at present appropriated to the prosecution of twenty-four different projects in vari- ous parts of the region.
 The plans of the Reclamation Service
The Birmingham age-herald., 1907-09-15

years ago were over-taxed by an assess ment of seventy five cents per acre. But private capital has been restricted to the solution of comparatively simple prob lems in hydraulic engineering. It re- mained for the Government to cope with the difficult and stupendous undertakings upon which the salvation of the greater part of the arid region depends
 One of the most remarkable features of the great work of the Reclamation Serv Ice Is that it is being performed without cost to the country. The national irrlga- tion act of June. 1902, created the bureau and provided that the funds for carrying onsits operations should be derived from the sales of public lands in the arid and
The Birmingham age-herald., 1907-09-15

the true quality of Japan. If during that time she enters upon another great war. she will be doomed. If in that pe- riod she fails to establish herself as a country of considerable commercial im- portance, the opportunity will never again occur to her. It is quite within the bounds of possibility that the rise of China's sun may see the setting of Ja-
The Birmingham age-herald., 1907-09-15

EA t+.l-,t tae reeea1 war scare there R a reVSr WIS moment when the gov AS cruineut of either Japan or America seriously considered hostilitles. On our side the alarm originated In and was restricted 10 the Irresponsible and unbalanced yellow journals that pander to the popular love of seusa tion. In Japan the agitation had a similar origin but there the temper of the people created real danger of grave complications and might have driven d weak ministry to extremes. The world has never seen q greater enthusi- usm for fight than that with which the Japanese entered upon the war with Rus sla, except perhaps. when England turned out To a man 10 repel the Spanish Ar mada After the victory. the Atikado's people were possessed of q spirit akin to that which prevailed in this country as q sequence to the war of 1872. They thought that they could beat the world and so they think now and will continue to do SO until the inevitable war with great power that shall teach them wis dom and due sense of proportion In a recent number, the Tokio Puck, tagged q cartoon with the following modest sen tment:
 The Pacific Coast has already become feroci ious lion and the whole land Is fast being brutaiized We fear the time may come wliau We shall be forced to use the rifle . at this hideous mon ster- the rifle aHieA we once tried with success at the saYage beast from the North. "
 Should Japan attack the United States, she could seize the Philippines, Hawaii, md our other possessions in the Pacific with little difficulty and might infict some injury upon our merchant marine md western coast towns. But there her tower Woud cease and the enterprise would mark the beginning of her down fall The moment she declared war against the United Stntes her main prop the alliance with Great Brltain-would be knocked from under her and when after perhaps, five years of preparation we should invade Nipon. there would be nothing left for the exuberant Japan ese but to retire to the ranks of the second rate powers.
 Japan is confronted with the most serl- ous economic problems. With a popula- ton of 47,0O0,0 increasing at the rate of 500. 900 a year, Japan is oyerpeopled. The need of an outlet for her surplus
The Birmingham age-herald., 1907-09-15

The town of orson, 6weasn D yetngS taxes. The necessary revepdea ahe ASs rived from forest reservation
The Ellensburg dawn. [volume] (Ellensburg, Wash.) 1898-1914, 1907-06-11
The Turkish Manqal.

In most of the houses in CONSTANT
nople as we'll as in other cities of Tur
key heating in winter IS done by means
of the 80 called "mangal." This CON
sists principally Of a receptacle for
burning charcoal. A mangal may be
nothing else than such simple brass
or iron receptacle or may be quite an
artistic and expensive article Of most
rare and valuable workmanship. The
charcoal Is first thoroughly burned
through, and when 1t no longer emits
any flame or odor the mangal IS
brought into the room for purposes or
heating Sometimes 1t happens that
proper attention IS not paid to the
burning charcoal, with not infrcquent
fatal results.
The Ellensburg dawn. [volume] (Ellensburg, Wash.) 1898-1914, 1907-06-11
THE MONTREAL MUsKMELON.

squash seed just to one side e where
melons are to be planted and do not
plant the latter until squashes are well
up
The idea in planting squashes is OBJ
yious. The chief pest of the melon
raiser is the little striped bug better
known as the cucumber bug. AS the
squash plant is more hardy than the
yoi,ng melon plant l use 1t as trap
FOR the bugs, as they seem to like 1t
fullv as well as the melon. On 1t they
,oem 10 thrive and breed. By the time
the melons are up the bugs have per-
formed their work and disappeared.
NV rule is to plant corn first, and
then make the ma or part of the garden,
including the melon planting, says a
N;rhiean farmer in American Agricul-
fnrist | sometimes use the hotbed for
starting my melon plants, planting seed
~ inverted sods cut in squares about
, NV 8 inches, and when plants are
crown to the proper size. say two or
ihrga rough leaves each, l lift them
.averully. placing the sod on trays,
NH set them, sod and all, in the per-
nauent HILL | want at least eight good
Giants to each hill, as some are sure to
lie. IS they grow the weaker ones are
.a',an out until but three or four are
lift. which is an abundance. After
.l9nt; are we'll on their way the
aqulshes are removed.
The Montreal muskmelon satisfies.
an.f if is Il model of beauty, being
almost spherical In form; second us
deep, dense netting gives protection III
transit; third. its size runs usually very
even. averaging in diameter from hve
70 yix inches, thus making two even
standard grades; fourth, the quality IS
cod: ffth, II is productive to fault
when conditions are right, which means
rood soil, good culture and agreeable
The Ellensburg dawn. [volume] (Ellensburg, Wash.) 1898-1914, 1907-06-11
Brains and Housekeepinu.

81 wonder why a brain no bigger
than a sailed almond Is supposed to be
good enough to keep house WITH" re-
marked matron the other day, while
Il nimble and comprehensive intellect
is supposed to be necessary in wom-
an who goes In for career / find
my housekeeping gives employment to
every faculty l have. If l don't put
out all the brain power I own, things
don't go well. Memory, executive abil-
ity, observation, foresight-all are de-
manded in organizing and running a
home. Wherever you find the domes-
tic machine moving without creak or
a jar look for the clever brain Of some
woman behind 1t all. I've known girls
to take the tone that they were thrown
away in being obliged to look after the
details of house. Stuff and nonsense.
1t wasn't too much mind they had for
It, but not enough. New York Trib-
une
The Ellensburg dawn. [volume] (Ellensburg, Wash.) 1898-1914, 1907-06-11
Chicken Chatter.

Increase the profits by decreasing the
number of old hens.
Well managed poultry is preferable
to farm crops in that poultry will pro-
duce an income at all times of the
year.
Do not despise well bred poultry. No
territory has ever been noted for its
poultry products unless well bred
fowls were the rule.
Get rid of some of the many ROSTERS
that are now worrying the hens to no
good purpose. They are deadheads
and eat up the profit of the flock.
By raising standard bred poultry one
will be able to sell stock and eggs for
breeding purposes and get much better
prices than when selling eggs and
fowls for food only.
Hunt up private customers and agree
to sell them strictly fresh eggs; then
do 1t. A good price should be secured,
and the payment will be made in cash
instead of groceries.