The Montgomery advertiser., 1907-02-03
tco.ti.uea from Page Twenty-feur.)

: (Confinued from Page Twenty-fcur) he genius of the single mind among them. remember at this moment the leap of fresh confidence In my heart when read it:
 Dalton. December 2s 1888.
 By order of his exceilency, the Pres ident, have the honor to assume com mana 0i 'n's A'ms F. E. Johnston.
 The army of the United States at this time was almost one and hali mii. lion men In less than six months is was recruited on bounty from Ireland and Germany, and from the negroes on the cotton plantations of the Missis- sippi valley and the rice pianttat,sone "a sne millions. Senator Sumner said from his seat in 1866. that 241.oo0 negroes had enlisted in the armies of the unit ed States in the war and that without The total forces of the Confederacy at this time were IS follows: ..nn Trans- Mississippi. .. ... .. ~. se'eoo9o Alabama and Mississippi. .... ia.VVv Army of Tennessee and Long .o ooo Army 1rsfr'i1i in Virginia and North Car. \. seanregard ansii, on Fiiotida coast. ss,ooo
 Total .2i0, ,0o0
 This was a force less in numbers than Senator Summers estimate of the strength of the United States army in negroes only.
 General Johnston ordered a review and inspection of his army. He found a surprisingly large number without shoes; only a few had blankets; tents were rare. clothing was scanty and worn, rations of corn meal and pork small and irregularly issued. The pay was almost unheard of, the cavalry re- ro horses from the Government, The only source of supply was Atlanta and the one railroad thither was owned by the State of Georgia and controlled by one federacy, Governor Joe Brown. The army commander had nothing to do with the road. except by sufferance. and its management was in extreme confusion. The General found his ar tillery horses so poor that after the review closed they were unable to haul the pieces back to the top of u, the hill hill; the army was 36.o00 strong. Long, < street was out of reach in east Ten nessee. cut off by Burnside at Knox vile.
 The General harmanized Governor Brown. the Governor saw the prospect in new light. the trains began to run regularly. rations for men and horses improved: thousands who had run home from Missionary Ridge heard of the change of commanders, returned with new shoes and clothes and hats. Furloughs to go home and rent then CTS. One of Wheeler's men arrived from home in a new suit and hat. The hat was as usual. made of an old coat skirt stuffed and quilted. The refitted was fortunate enough to capture young lieutenant who had recently ar rived from Philadelphia. wearing the army regulation felt hat. hew.
 The scout. with small ceremony. ex- changed hats with the lieutenant Rain fell and in course of the ride back to camp the captive lieutenant expressed himself forcibly on the exchange.
 'Gentlemen" he spoke, T have worn a silk hat. and have worn felt hat; sometimesI stiff hat. and at others a bed quilt for hat before now !" Meanwhile the rain soaked Into the Confederate tile.
 In March President Lincoln resolved to hasten forward the military con ditions as in that year, 1884. the pres identiaI election occurred and Valland- ingham's friends were leading the dis content in the West.
 Mir. Lincoln induced Congress to re- vive the grade of Lieutenant General. which expired with General Scott. Without s days delay he sent the name of General Grant to the Senate for Grant to take command of all the arr mics and move all simultaneously upon the Confederates.
 Grant selected May as the date when he would be ready to move the Army of the Potomac against Lee on the way to Richmond. He instructed Sherman to start for Atlanta the same He instructed General Nathaniel P. Banks of Massachusetts, formerly Speaker of Congress, to strike out on that day from Alexandria, on the Red River, for Kirby Smith at Shreveport The feature of this grand movement and which involved beyond all doubt the life of the Confectionery. was the part sherman had to perform.
 Banks moved on time and after a weeks slow progress met Richard Tay- Tor at trans-Louisiana and was driven back. Taylor overlook him, fought him, routed him, and he was lost to all future part in the grand movement.
 General Lee struck Grant at the Wilderness and fought. May and 6, a drawn battle. But for Longstreet's disabling wound the last day, there Is been driven in rout back to Washing ton and the safety of the Confederacy established. (See Longstreet's From
 For Twenty nj AeRTm"'tUm 4eisht Successive days General Lee faced Grant At Spottsyl- yania and at Cold Harbor. in course of his retreat. his army was handled in the highest art of war, his troops dis played the sublimest valor of man and In every instance of contact Grant was out-generaled and beaten.
 The military emergency, as decided upon by the Confederate government, was the defense of Richmond. General Johnston had expressed the opiRfon be- Tore The war was a year old that this purpose on the part of the government vas irreconcilable with the policy of a neIensive war; that the only way to de- tend Richmond was to draw the enemy