The Birmingham age-herald., 1907-07-05
Products.

The principal kinds and quantities of products were as follows: Iron and steel rails, not including rails renewed or re- rolled, 2.194,6O5 tons; splice bars, includ- ing all patent spices and rail joints, 1i4, O55 tons: iron and steel bars and rods, not including sheet or tin plate or wire rods, 2,442, ,S10 tons; iron and steel wire rods. 1,792, ,7O4 tons; structural shapes. 954,537 tons; hoops, bands, cotton ties and skelp, 1,S94,913 tons; rolled car axles, 631 tons; muck or scrap bar, to be marketed as such, 1926 tons; iron and steel boiler and other plates and sheets (eXcept nail and tack place, black plates or sheets for timing, and armor plate), 1856, 469 tons: nail plate, 67,S57 tons; tack plate, 1S,744 tons black plates or sheets for timing, 504, 025 tons; armor plate and gun forgings, %, ,S39 tons; rolled blooms, slabs, billets, tin plate bars, and sheet bars pro- duced for sale, 1885 tons; steel ingots, 13.379 OS3 tons; steel castings, PSF 325 tons; miscellaneous and rolled products, com prising locomotive and car wheel tires, rolled blanks for drawing into seamless tubes flats socket iron and steel, 377 665 tons. and forged, cast, or other mis- cellaneous iron and steel products not oth- erwise specifically classified, 274061 tons.
 Pennsylvania made more than one-half the total tonnage of classified products in 1905 as well as in 1900 and 1890. Ohio,
 
 the production in 1905 and it's proportion of the total has shown a steady increase from 112 per cent in 1880 The heaviest relative growth was in New York and Alabama, the increase in products being 3126 per cent and 164.4 per cent, respect ively
 The growth of steel production has been the heaviest of any portion of the iron and steel industry. The quantity increased from 10, S5,0OO tons in 1900 to 592 tons in 1905 Nearly 57 per cent of the total was acid open hearth: only 55 per cent of the total was acid open-hearth and less than 1 per cent, crucible and miscel- laneous steel. The increase in Bessemer steel since 1900 has been relatively small -31 per cent; whereas open-hearth stel has increased 91.2 per cent. The quantity of steel ingots produced by steel works was 133790 0S3 tons and the aggregate value $40 2S4, ,576. Fifty-eight per cent of this was Bessemer, 4l.5 per cent, open hearth; and six-tenths of 1 per cent, crucible. The quantity and value of d. rect castings made 29l,5O9 tons and $2O, 947 400, respectively were distributed as follows: Bessemer, 14427 tons, 1,69O ,629; open-hearth 272,OO1 tons SIS, 739, S1S; cruel ble and miscellaneous, 50S1 tons, $516,95S.
 The states of Pennsylvania, Ohio, Illi- nois and New York made 90S per cent of all Bessemer steel ingots and castings in 19O0. no other state produced over per cent Over GO per cent of the Bessemer steel castings was made in New York. Pennsylvania made 727 per cent of all open-hearth steel; Ohio, the second in rank, made only S3 per cent. About three fourths of all the crucible steel was made in Pennsylvania and New Jersey New York and Massa chusetts were next, in the order named.
 Forges and Bloomeries.
 In 1905 there were only 6 forges and bloomeries which manufactured for sale hammered charcoal blooms, billets and bars direct from iron ore, from pig iron. scrap iron. and steel. The capital invest ed in these was $222,112. The average number of wage earners was 6S and the total wages only $33,355 Materials used cost $1O0,23 and comprised 30 tons of pig iron and steel, 164,749 bushels of charcoal, 994 tons of bituminous coal and slack, and 20 short tons of coke: and the products were 5696 tons of blooms billets etc.