davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Coconino sun., 1907-05-09
DIRECTIONS
For the Destruction of Wolves and
 Coyotes

The losses from the destruction of stock by wolves and coyotes in the western United States amount to millions of dollars annually and seem to be increasing rather than decreasing. Practical means of presenting these losses are urgently needed. The present circular, based on field work of the Biolog- ical Survey. aims to present briefly the best methods of hunting, trap ing, and poisoning wolves and coyotes. of finding the dens and destroying the young. and of fenc- ing to protect the stock. By the methods given herein the numbers of wolves and coyotes may be rapid ly diminished and the losses of stock thereby reduced to mini mum.
 If the time of breeding, charac- ter of breeding grounds, and habit of wolves are known. the dens may be easily located and the pups se- cured. In this way more effectu- ally and economically than any other, increase of wolves and coy otes may be prevented. The large size of the filters makes the meth cd especially important, as wolves have six to ten pups and coyotes five to nine. It is not positively known that both wolves and coyotes pair for the breeding season, and that the males stay with the females and help feed and care for the pups dur ing the summer.
 Wolf pups are usually born from March to April 15 and coy ote pups a little after, usually in April and May. The pups remain in or near the den until 2 or 3 months old. The period of gesta- tion with the wolf, as with the dog. is nine weeks. The rutting season for the wolf. therefore. would come in January and February; for the coyote in February and March.
 location of Dens
 In the western United States wolves breed mainly in valley and foot hill country or in low moun- tains. For breeding dens they choose if possible, natural cavities or washed out hollows on south slopes of rocky or oakland ridges. There is usually a high point not far from the den. where the old male stands guard during the day.
 In the north good tracking snow usually lies on the ground during the early part of the breeding sea- son. which renders the finding of dens particularly easy, but even on bare ground there is little difficult
The Coconino sun., 1907-05-09
O. Robinson, Sec or A. N Taylor, President

usually unsuccessful, as few dogs have ever proved able to kill or hold wolf. Ordinary trail hounds are said to drive them out of re- zion but the relief is only tempor- ary, as they soon return. Such dogs cannot catch wolves. and the wolves often turn and kill num- Der of the pack. Coyotes. on the other hand, are readily caught and killed by large greyhounds or wolf hounds. which run by sight only.
 Hunters occasionally make a sue cessful shot at a wolf and more often at a coyote, but generally hunting does not pay. However, by watching near the dens in the early morning or at dusk before the young are taken out good hunter is sometimes able to shoot one or both of the parents.
 Under present conditions it is entirely impracticable to fence any great part of the western stock range against wolves and coyotes, but in many cases limited areas may be fenced to advantage. In sections where cattle are fed during the winter months, wolves often kill them on the open feeding grounds. These, as well as small hom pastures, for both cattle amp sheep, could be inclosed with wolf and coyote proof fences at relative ly slight cost, often less than the value of the stock killed during one season. Preliminary tests of fences have been made by the Bio- logical Survey, and until more thorough tests can be carried out the following is recommended as affording protection against both wolves and coyotes. Further ex- periments will probably show that a more economical fence can be constructed.
 On posts seven feet long, set a rod or rod and half apart, should be stretched one closely barbed wire along the surface of the ground. Tbree inches above this should be set 36-inch strip of woven wire fence not over five inch mesh, and above this two barbed wires six inches apart. In the North another wire, eight inches above these, may be added to provide for a moderate depth of snow, making close fence practi- cally five feet high. To prevent the wires from sagging away from each other, a vertical wire may be wrapped about each at intervals of eight feet, by hand machine.
 A fair grade of suitable 36-inch woven wire may be bought at an initial cost of 25 to 35 cents a rod
The Coconino sun., 1907-05-09

ty in locating every wolf den. This may be done by simply riding along the crests of the ridges unti! the wolf tracks are found. The tracks once found. the direction of the den can often be told from the lay of the land. Near the den the tracks usually gather into a we'll worn trails that may be followed on bare ground as readily as on snow.
 Coyotes make their dens in the same kinds of places as wolves. and also dig burrows or use old badg CT holes. slightly enlarged; so a spade is often necessary in getting out the young.
 Ranchmen can not afford to let wolf or coyote pups grow up on or near their ranges when an hours ride will often serve to locate the dens. The young pups of both wolves and coyotes are nearly black, but as they grow older the color fades to dull yellowish, and when about 3 months old new light gray coat is acquired.
 Trapping
 For wolves the best No. 4 double spring trap is to be fastened to a stationary object, the chain should have swivel at each end. If to a drag one swivel next to the trap is enough. Always use a drag if possible. The best is stone of 30 or 40 pounds weight, to which the chain is securely wired. A long oval stone is best. A piece of tel egraph wire or smooth fence wire five or six feet long should be pass ed around one end of the stone; then doubled through the trap ring, with twist to hold the ring in the middle: then around the hotter end of the stone and back on the oppo- site side to connect with the first loop. If properly fastened. jerk on the trap tends to draw together and tighten the loops. and the spring of the connecting wire pre- vents sudden jar that might break trap or chain. If an oval stone is not at hand, triangular or square stone may be used by passing the wire over the three or four sides and securely connecting it above and below.
 If no stones are to be had and it is necessary to stake the traps, twisted iron stakes that can be driven below the surface of the ground should be used. They should be of good iron straps, at least IS inches long three-quarters of an inch wide, and three-six- teenths of an inch thick. turned over at the top into a P-shaped loop to connect with the ring of the trap chain.
 ! When possible, place the trap be-
The Coconino sun., 1907-05-09

o'clock each day dur ing the Summer Ses- sion. T h e Summer Session also furnishes a most excellent oppor- tunity to prepare for the September teachers ex- animation. The session will open at 8:3o a. m. and close at I2:I5 noon. This will afford oppor- tunity to visit the plac- es of interest around Flagstaff during h c summer. Excursions will be made to the Pet rified Forest and the Grand Canyon at reduc- ed rates during the sum- mer. The tuition for the session will be SIo. To pupils who have been in attendance at the Nor maj during the last quar- ter of this school year will be $. Board and room at the dormitory will not exceed $ per week.
 n.--:I-L
The Coconino sun., 1907-05-09

tween TWO CuItS or grass or WeeuSs so it can be readily approached from one side only. Bury the stone, chain, and trap out of sight. with the trap nearest to the runway where the wolves follow a trail or road, cross narrow pass, or visit carcass. The trap should be flush with the surface of the ground and the jaws and pan covered with d piece of paper to keep the earth from clogging under the pan. Fine earth should then be sprinkled over the paper until all traces of trap and paper are concealed. The sur face of the ground and surround ings should appear as nearly as possible undisturbed. The dust may be given natural appearance by sprinkling it with water. Touching the ground or other ob jects with the hands. splitting near the trap, or in any way leaving a trace of human odors near by should be avoided. Old. well-scented gloves should be worn, and a little of the scent used for the traps should be rubbed on the shoe soles. A piece of old cowhide may be used to stand on and to pile the loose earth on while burying the drag and trap.
 For coyotes use the best No. 8 double spring trap, unless in wolf country. where it is better to use a trap strong enough to hold wolf. In setting the trap use the same method and bait as for wolves. but the traps may be staked or fastened to a stationary object with more safety.
 Use of Scents
 Success in trapping depends largely upon the use of scent that will attract wolves and coyotes to the traps and keep them tramping and paving there until caught. Meat bait alone is of little use and often. indeed. scares the ami mals away. Of the many scents and combinations tested the fetid bait has proved most successful.
 Fetid bait-Place half a pound of raw beef or venison in a wide mouthed bottle and let it stand in a warm place but not in the sun for two to six weeks, or until it is thoroughly decayed and the odor has become as offensive as possible. When decomposition has reached the proper stage add a quart of sperm oil or any liquid animal oil. Lard oil may be used, but prairie dog oil is better Then add one ounce of tincture of Siberian musk, or Tonquin musk. If this cannot be procured. use in it's place one ounce of dry. pulverized castoreum beaver castor-or )ne ounce of
The Coconino sun., 1907-05-09

The Northern Arizona Normal School, located

The Northern Arizona Normal. School, located at Flagstaff, Arizona, will open its Summer Session of eight weeks on July 8. and close on August 29, 1907. By enrolling for the Sum
 mer session and re- maining through the regular session, which opens in September, a pupil can do one and one-fourth years work during I2 months, com mencing July Sth, 1907. It IS a most excellent opportunity for those who are teaching O take a systematic re- view, obtain credit to- wards a Normal Di- ploma, and gain some enthusiasm along pro fessional lines. The Training School at the Normal will be in ses- sion from 9 to II:3o For InfOrn1e
The Coconino sun., 1907-05-09

Continued on page 5.)
The Marlboro democrat. [volume] (Bennettsville, S.C.) 1882-1908, 1907-05-03
SLIP SINKS
Twenty Five asess5as Drowned in
Crossing tho Nova
Tho Vessel Had Been Condemned
And There Are Threats Of Violence
Against It's Owner.

against ltS OWNER.
twenty-five persons are believed
to have been drowned by the noun
dering of the river steamer Archan-
gelsk while she was crossing the
Neva, near the surburb Of Irinowka,
Russia, late Sunday night.
The accident occurred during q
Snow storm, when the steamer was
~two-thirds the way across the river
n was caused by her striking an
ice foe, numbers of which still re-
main In the river despite the lateness
Of the season.
Owing to the thickness of the
weather the accident was not seen
from the shore, but the shouts for
help Of those In distress attracted the
crews Of two steamers which hastily
went to the scene, only, however, to
find that he ~Archangelsk had found
cred. A number Of her passengers,
mostly working men, we're rescued,
but owing to the swlftness Of the
current, many Others were swept un-
der the ice foes.
There is no means for establishing
definitely the number of victims. The
passage across the river was short
and no count was made of the passen-
gers, but according to the police of
Okhta, a surburb for which the
steamer was bound, 81 persons are
missing-all wOrkmen or small mer-
chants Of the humber class.
The A~rchangelsk was an old iron
steamer open forward and rooted
over astern In the form Of a cabin.
She was condemned as unseaworthy
last fall, but the owner was about to
lave the ban removed and the vessel
paced In service. The crew was
made up Of three inexperienced men,
the captain and pilot having former
ly been a aker. All three Of the
men were saved.
The steamer had scarcely any bal.
last and when she raj sidewise on q
big foe she careened and immediate.
ly filled and sank. The catastrophe
was over inside Of three minutes
Those who were % picked up imme
diately sank beneath the icy water
One man scrambled on to an ice foe
and was carried down stream for s
mile. The wreck was located Sunday
afternoon lying on the bottom OF the
river scarcely a hundred feet from
the shore, whittier 1t had been sweep
by the swift current. 1t was impos
sible for divers to descend owing tt
floating ice.
The banks Of the river were crowd.
ed all day with friends and relatives
of missing persons looking for bodies
but none were recovered. 1t is prob.
able that the dead have been carried
down stream for miles.
Feeling against the owner Of the
ferry line runs high and threats have
been made to lynch him.
The Marlboro democrat. [volume] (Bennettsville, S.C.) 1882-1908, 1907-05-03
THE sTATE LEAGUE
s'peypupg Wiii Have Basc HAN
Again This summer


IL has been definitely decided that
orangeburg Will have base bali again
this year. The State League has
been organized with clubs from Or
%angeburg, Darlington, GreenyiiIe.
sumter and Anderson. suflcient
having been subscribed here to
Keep our club In the field to the end
OF the season. 1t has NOT been de-
haitely decided when the a Will
open but lit will be about the middle
or latter part of May.
AT q meeting In Columbia last
week, In which Orangeburg was rep-
resented ny Mr.. Jas p. Doyle, Hon.
M. L.. Smith, of Camden, who is
known to be n OF the biggeat fana
in the State, was made ,presidents
Mr.. Smith does not come from any
one Of the cities that Is in the league.
and he Will deal impartially with the
various teams. Mr.. William Built
man, of Sumter, was elected vice.
president. A secretary and t~reasur-
or will he elected later.
The salary limit has been placed
at $3.50 to include the salary OF the
manager. and q forfeit will be put up
by each town ais a guarantee. The
number OF each team will be IL meu
to include the manager, and the man
ayers of the teams will have two
weeks In which to cut the number OF
his men to the limit.
The season will consist OF twelve
weeks, each team playing SO games
at home end SO away from home.
Each city will have to put up
$1,000 to enter the league, and when
that amount has been exhausted by
any city and they do not care to
spend any more money, the league
can be discontinued. The league will
also apply for national protection.
The Marlboro democrat. [volume] (Bennettsville, S.C.) 1882-1908, 1907-05-03
Eighty-Ycar Old Woman Cured.
Had Suffered Torturcs From Rheu
matism for 20 Years.

matism for 20 Years.
No matter how long you have
been sick, no matter how discour-
aged you are from having tried SO
many remedies in vain, there is at
last hope of a complete cure for
you. The new scientific remedy
RHEUMACIDE has cured hundreds
Of cases of Rheumatism, Sciatica,
Govt, Catarrh, Indigestion, Consti-
patton, Liver and Kidney Trouble,
La Grippe and Contagious Blood
Poison, after all other remidies nave
failed.
RHEUMACIDE cured James Ken
ealy and j. F.. Eline, Of Baltimore,
of terrible cases Of Rheumatism, af-
ter all the specialists at the famous
Johns Hopkins Hospital had failed.
RHEUMACIDE cured w. II. Hughes
Of Atkins. Va, after noted New
York doctors had failed. Here is a
case Of q m eighty years old
who was cured by Rheumacide after
she had suffered for twenty years.
High Point, N. c., July 10.
After suffering for about 30
years with Inhammatory Rheuma-
tism | was induced to try a bottle
Of Rheumacide. After taking one
bottle ] have felt five years younger.
| am nov eighty years Of age, and
wish to testify hat ! believe Rheu-
macide is the best remedy for Rheu-
matism. And l heartily recommend
1t to all who are suffering with any
of the forms of this dread disease.
Very truly,
Mrs. Mary 70. Welborn,'
Your druggists sells and recon-
mends RHEUMACIDE.
The Marlboro democrat. [volume] (Bennettsville, S.C.) 1882-1908, 1907-05-03
DRUGdED, THHN oUrRAaBn
A Father Shoots and Kills Betrayer
OF His Desshto..

OF His Daughter.
News from Lynchburg, Va, tells of
ire killing Of young Estes by Judge
Loving charged Estes with drugging
his daughter, Elizabeth, aged 10, and
assaulting her while In q drugged
condition. after learning Of the alleg-
ed incident from the lips of his
daughter, Judge Loving drove some
eight or ten miles before locating Tho
young man, and he shot him down
with a doublebarrelled shotgun, with
out waiting for the victim to explain
himself.
Judge Loving represented Amherst
County, before moving to Nelson, in
me Legislature, and served as judge
Of the County Court Of Nelson until
that Court was abolished by the new
Constitution. For three years he has
been IN charge of the Ryan estate as
superintendent.
Commissioner Payne made the fol
lowing statement:
Judge Loving learned that Estes
had taken his daughter riding Sun
day night, and he brought the CIR
back home drugged and unconscious
Judge Loving waited until he coulC
get the full story from the girls lip.
about tho drugging and assault ant
then he took his gun and went II
search OF Estes"
Judge Loving said:
when I heard the awful story
from the lips Of my dear one l wa.
insane. l waited to learn all tho
facts and then nothing in Gods OF
mans power could have stopped mt
from taking his life. did 1t after
careful consideration"
Miss Loving Is reported to be in ,
very condition MS the result
Of the affair, being confined to hel
bed by the ordeal.
The Marlboro democrat. [volume] (Bennettsville, S.C.) 1882-1908, 1907-05-03
TOOK HIM down.
AN American Who offered to Thrash
"a Grand DnKc. (

The American colony at Monte
Carlo Is chuckling over the adven-
tura Of n of their number, an
American millionaire, with Grand
Duke Michael of Russia, in which
his imperial highness came out sec
ond best. For some unaccountable
reason your correspondent could not
obtain the name of the American
perhaps, being booked for an early
steamer, he wants to tell the story
himself on his return.
It appears that the man from the
United States was jogging along in
and not suffering from speed mania
went rather slowly. Behind him, on
the narrow road, was a machine that
kept up aperpetual footing and snar-
ling, asking, nay demanding, the
right of way in double quick order.
However, u American, being leis-
urely inclined, refused to take no.
tice. When finally he pulled up at
the club, the other machine pranced
alongside and a tall, military-lookin2
gent confronted the American.
Sir" he cried, you evidently
don't know who l am. Please remem-
Der for the future that | am Grand
Duke Michael of Russia"
GLAD to meet you Nike replied
the American, ''but, on your owr
part, remember that we are not ir
Russia. likewise that | don't care 6
rap for imperial highnesses."
At first Mike" seemed petrifed
with amazement, then pulled himself
together and shouted mcnacingly.
How dare you, %poltroon, $4,000"
Shut your face" answered the
American, taking both hands out of
his pockets, "another word from 70,
and | will wipe your imperial shout
on the grass before all these people,
The grand duke did as he was told
jumped in his automobile and drove
away. He hasn't shown up at the
Casino since.
The Marlboro democrat. [volume] (Bennettsville, S.C.) 1882-1908, 1907-05-03
a Foolish Notion.

There are stranger things in Ger
many than Emperor William. There
is, for instance, a great editor in
Berlin who is a positive refreshing
novelty---as much SO as the fat wo-
man in the side show or the 500
pound pumpkin. He hopes Japan
will not hopelessly cripple the new
navy of the United States, principal
ly because he wants u navy spared
to prevent England demanding the
destruction of the ships Of Germany.
1t is easily understood that we stand
between England and the destruc-
ton of the German fleet, but hope
less and complete ruination of our
ships by Japan is something that we
have not contemplated at length.
The Berlin editor has our assur-
ance that we shall not permit our
entire navy to be destroyed by ia
pan. We shall be able to run a few
small w%arships up shallow rivers and
hide them where the little brown
man cannot get at them. And if then
they L of use in warding off the
dogs of wan England stands ready to
let loose on Germany---well, we
might keep them at home. after all.
1t is genuinely funny to hear those
people talk over in Europe. They
have just as much idea Of the re-
sources and capabilities of this coun-
try as the average Japanese has; and
that in spite of the many object les
sons we have supplied. What they
need is a course of travel, combined
with ordinary horse sense and a few
newspapers hat are willing to see
things this side of the water just as
they are
The Marlboro democrat. [volume] (Bennettsville, S.C.) 1882-1908, 1907-05-03

WRECK OF A BARGE
Some Fifteen Persons Were Drowned
by the Accident. =

by the Accident.
The wooden lumber barge Arcad-
la, when left Manistec, Mich, April
II for Two Rivers with n cargo OF
hard wood, has undoubtedly been
lost in Lake Michigan with her cap
tain and owner, Harry May, his wife,
and about n dozen sailors.
The boat has not been heard from
definitely since leaving Manistec.
Wreckagc has been found along the
beach from Pont Yater north to Lit
tie Point Sauble, and part of it has
been identified as the cargo Of the
lost craft.
The Arcadia was a wooden vessel,
l19 feet in length. &c feet beam and
IA built in Milwaukee, Wis, in
1888.
The Arcadia left Manistee April
70. April 10 and II Lake Michigan
was swept by such a severe storm
that navigation was almost complete
~ tied up. 1t was during this storm
That the Arcadia was propahly lost.
Wreckagc was sighted for miles
off LudingtOn I'm the direct course to
Milwaukee Immediately after the
gale, but until bulwarks bearing tho
steamers name washed ashore it was
impossible to identify the wrecked
craft.
The Marlboro democrat. [volume] (Bennettsville, S.C.) 1882-1908, 1907-05-03
Why you should
a specialist
1zhhz&<>vunMA

"Mahomet went to tho mountain
Tor v us reasons and he W - a wise
man
But i, is not necessary for Won to
remove TO the oitv to receive INTEL
ligent treatment for chronic or nor.
vous d sorders, by a capable, export
enced 8 ecialist in those deep seated
troubles of long standinr that 80 often
balie he ordinary ply ~sio'an.
Our | nI experience of upwards Of
twente Years enables ns to diafnose
correctly, and cure, whero other physi-
clans, less experienced, have treated
tho case, without success, for an entire.
ly different disease
invite all sufferers from deep seat
ed, long standing troubles OF Heart,
Head, Lungs, Stomach, Bowels, Nor
yes, II dis eases peculiar TO either sex.
to write lis and learn what we have
done for others similarly afflicted, and
what we can do for them.
There is 10 charge for this con, ulta.
ton, and it 10 worth your time and of.
fort whether you decide to begin treat
ment or not.
1t is FIR cheaper to write to a oompe.
tent specialist a. d get prompt, sure and
lasting benefit, than to waste your
time, none and OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES
ing In the dark with inexperienced
physicians.
Write t>day.
Send for our Health Esseys." Mail
ed fIco in imprinted wrapper.