New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1907-02-17

nvTP fapcies as 70 what they would do themselves
if placed in positions which all qualifications
Sentiment such as this which can rarely be r PVT
stoy observes, and experience amply shows, ne
moral and needless all desire for eHcePil4SI si,n
on the part Of Che employer and capitalist are me
are VIGOROUSLY foremost in exhibiting this desire
! themselves.
COUNT roLsTOY's ANSWER CITED.
The third answer is Count Tostoys own. 9ddI{
is t;f only bogb line hundred and ninety nine
out IT'S value. LLou 3Sfe.5 NO tbeZ rirh or poor
| Iaborers employers of labor. are %hoIly ui,
| dav to be universal there is minority of one in
thousand who atreaGE d're eert hcir nroiIcfiva
faculties without any desire of special or exclusive
$40 Count mt TosjoT is UNDOUBTEDLY right here fIs
knows from eXPerenGe Lhad rhI lind o. Of doctrine
| that he breaches. and he probably lHgIs mat II
this Is possible among some the obstacle mus Si ne
possible among all But if he Il inks this: ne has
read history to very nttle Pun Sl'l',rI
! in spirit. though Giner'g In form from Us own.
lil"u"',lN Eta' ,,a,. r.,o'it,c.d ,oth wealth and
/ n class willing to act thus shows us how small it
! is relatively. and how Incapable Of ext, nsion.
! though absolutely it may comprise muItli ud%.
The economic asceticism which Count Tolst9y
ton of socialism. and which other socialists. with
9 9o of ascacism Of tho hrstian or
the Buddhistic closter. As such IL may realize ana
/ gree in small and detached communities But the
Success of most of these has been due to the pres
ence Of some master mind. to which. its dis
appearance, adequate successor has been found;
| tainIy not been considerable.
! COOPERATIVE SOCIETIES IN ENGLAND.
The socialistfc principle has again, to some ex-
tent achieved practical expression in Great Brit,
! communities, but in industrial associations which
| such associations aim at may he said to be
petely sociaUstic. The ideal of the cooperator is
itaI in absolutely equal shares have an equal voice
| in the ranagcrnert ana draw each an equal share
however this ideal has never been completely real
made it to render the fortunes of industrial
! cooperative enterprises have been Of two con
trastcd kinds-thos@ whose business was distribu,
between IN" fortunes Of these two there has been
tributiyc enterprises. which have merely been large
shops onep e. Members a only ana su2PyinE these
because the profit Of 81" middlemau was eliminated
able success but cooperative attempts to produce
Tie Goods thuS sold eNI!ihit notorious contrast to
IN the process of producing cheap watch. or
ami or scTrNaIiIoI or got'iCd anu patterned ia4-
RE. t2r NOR Sifyal 1oih'y. Iar moro mechanical
chemical :nyeHtiTe and eo-ordinaung talent IS re
quired than IN The process OF selling them ana the
ton as IN arc -fsii,- -oUerattye ind n, tg3,t
( and generally impossible obtain. No need NOT 20
the. face OF history.
COOPERATIVE PRODUCTIONS FAILS
The capitalistic system began To assume It's mod
form, the socialists constantly telling MS
about hundred and nifty wears ago. Cooperative
ago In seventy years the capitaItstic system was
dominant throughout Great Britain. and was rap
that time il has become co-eXteusive with civiza-
rodudton 6as met only Win iS success oeient To
! be the index of its comparative insigniacance
! II shows beside capitalism tortoise shows
/ shows beside q towering oak In Great Britain
! for example all the productive huslue-Sc which
are no-opeldII IN any Eoo!nllstc or stihI-Soraiis
| Nc sense might be suddenly eNtugutshed to-day
| without any appreciate effect on the national
capitalists production the entire nation would
a very few days be starving
/ Thus. II We look back over the path which we
have thus far traversed. We shall see that socialism
! has made two attempts to Justify Itself attempts
beginning at opposite enGs OF the scal" % one Is
/ ne attempt OF Marx and hts school. which repre-
. Of wealth % The other IS ttat OF the
i so mar ne Niarxi.I .sTal,ss % IT., 80.
bettr ,b,,' N,' It'll sN o. PRODUCTION is ne
/ machinery OF production IS concerned coming
TO he distinguished from mat Of ny ther most ta
! compromising opponents.
ECONOMIC Production THE BASIS
rd Eoq }; y, production is the basit9oasn often
no. Ielt 70 De 50 any more IMAM good spirits are
and moral activities Of the modern civilized world:
vance ana its sastentaon on TACT t' 6y Which the
| ciyiizailon OF to-day is distinguished from all
| traton on the productive process of the mental
| to degree in which such activities were never
| concentrated before Such being the case those
| sides being prolific In men OF exceptional powers
such as these offer them the greatest Inducements
! ties for applying them IN the widest and most r.
hGient way. And what these indu"emcntso
! nave no reluctance to adopt once more for the
! moment the word used by socialists "a a term ~
! contemptuous invectIye and Saw tbat tbey consist
| ciety, OF satisfying the exceptional mans economic
greco IN proportion to MS economic productivity
| we need in reality no more TO dscredu II than
Ike as This feow The TilGperative meani3e 90, OF
| the word Is due TO its derivation from greedy.
which implies an inordinate desire for the sensual
| qualifications of eating, and the common opinion
of men unable TO produce great wealth to men
who because they produce IT, desire also to possess
it. IS that they desire to it first ana FORE
themselves with the richest and most unwhoesome
food, or revel to excess I'm uXuries of like kind
he lnNarlably draws MN with swollen face and a
waistCoat buRing like balloon. The bloated capt
dallSI Is a phrase M mas become proyerbai and
a similar phrase belonging to an earlier period,
AS drunk as a lord still survives I'm England
and that being a rich man, he would drink as
! much wine as he could hold. And doubt many
! with greed I'm this and kindred senses. But so may
men in all ranks of life One man may he as
ortolan. a man may be az slothful in cheap bed
| as in dear one. He may luxuriate idly in n
may in a gided fauteul which belonged to Marie
| Antoinette. and which cost perhaps two thousand.
GREED SMALL PART OF MOTIVE.
The fact is that greed, II we take the word as
meaning a mere physiological desire for the direct
| indulgence of the senses, forms very small part
of the motive which induces the most selfish men
produce ana Aueihellt great fortunes or this fast
! there are many incontrovertible proofs. One Is
been men who, in their personal expenditure have
been exceptionally penuriOus. Another is that when
| which the utmost ingenuity could expend on the
md n tfn