New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1907-02-13

Kirchwey, dean of the law school; Nathan Alb
bott former dean Of the law school of Leland
Stanford, jr, University, and r H. Giddings,
who though the most ardent socialist on the Co
lumbia faculty. votes the Socialist ticket only
occasionally. John Dewey and c. A Beard, the
other Columbia professors who are looked upon
as favoring socialism. were absent
Mr. Mallock's lecture yesterday was in the
nature Of an introduction TO those to follow. He
gave an exposition Of the theories Of Karl Marx.
Those theories he called the basis of all So
ciaIism. The other lectures win be given to-
morrow afternoon and Friday afternoon, Satur-
day morning and next Tuesday afternoon. Mr.
Mallock said in part:
think I may venture TO say that a large num-
Der Of highly educated persons who, actuated no
anxious TO claim for themselves the name of
cialists have never submitted themselves to this
see that under the existing order Of things many
are due to the general constitution Of society and
constitution altered such being the case they
lean TO the curious conciaS!ca ~ the only alter
and that by leaping into the IRE. We shall free
ourselves from all the evils OF the frying pan
and dangerous. which interposes many difficulties
reach and VINO inapatieiat Of these dficHlties
cut toward the point desired across auckland.
SOCIAL PRINCIPLES DEFINITE.
Persons whose minds are IN condition so vague
this may be admirable in respect of their sym
as a practical programme are valueess. Nor IS
there any legitimate excuse for this vagueness II
idepuhably different from those IN operation now,
apindR e has mao mad - te 5ractcsi
which may arise IRON II but ra as ms IS not
in the socalisic gospel il at all events repres
what We have is no question Of mere verbal delni-
1ion. It is a question or historical fact ANY body
l-s-C 10 ma
IS as fact. those distinctive principles and prom
believers and adherents and bands them together
as a party distinct from and opposed 10 others.
And what socialism is, hen est ted IN TINS way,
r. il very easy to ascertain f!ldiAS tllat IN me
are I5ossessed Of more weal-a than tic many, it
proposes TO alter This arran-iAIlent o[ n definite
MANY. without any additional cXertcn, will find
their position revoIutioazed and their wealth in
6e9niteiy increased So FIR. the promises Of social
ism mercy coincide with a dream which has haunt
ed the Imagination OF inultltlIes ever since civil
izauon began They may 5aEe signed Tor Utopia
have never. except on passing occasions and on
restricted scale, organized t-e.r aspirations mi"
Is that though the prospect Of Utopia was pleas
,g t them as little ~ the promises Of quqcI
doctor would who offered 10 sell thzn Gill which
universal truth that no desire for any desiratie
81 knowledge prevalent among those desiring it
are such as 70 enable them to believe that tie
desired object is attainable.
WATCHWORD or POPULAR SOCIALISM.
The practical outcome Of the scientific economies
az Marx is summed up in the formula which Is the
.atchword OF popular s9cla.lsIn; al wealth IS
the laborer-a doctrine in itself not novel, but
system Of economics. This formula whatever may
% its intrinsic truth falsehood, illustrates by
VS. success as an instrument OF popular agitation
the fact which have been just now insisting.
companied by belief that its object is capable Of
attainment But il docs more than illustrate this
a most important economic truth The truth TO
which ] refer is ths-that the possibility Of reds-
wealth Is produced Wealth says Marx not only
ought TO be. but actually can be, distributed among
rrise .n the acts Of labor everything that il in
wealth IS like water pumped up into a reservoir,
private houses If the men VINO draw ii off at tho
taps have nothing to do with the quantity that is
pumped up-if. for example the whole is pumped
mp by angels who can pump up as much or little
as they please-it is evident that the amount which
apporfion il viii depend in the last resort
prove Of the mems use OF the water tneE Would
simply cut IF the supply. II the men themselves
the viii % any else, they do only
because, a matter Of fact they do all the pump
MaTx rnatxls ~ his doctrine mar labor alone pro
duces all economic wealth. LEI us consider this doc
cjsIztj IeteT IN vinW9 81 this. fact Won viii not
7 hope ind il unnteresting If 7 give you brief
account Of the general argument Of Marx
The doctrine that labor is the source all wealth
IS likely 10 strike many people al first sight az
obviously incomplete. Capital generally, and in
especial machinery, must. they will say, contribute
something, but to such objections Marx has
most ingenious ansTe-. lie starts with the fact
that IN ne modern world. where labor is minutely
divided each produce or group OF laRoreTs pro-
himself consumes little and very often nothing.
man, for example may not himself smoke and yet
cigars. The products Of his industry are there
fore, 20 himself valueless. They possess value
for him. are, in other words, wealth only inso-