davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1907-03-03
Even "Spittersr Wear Stripes.

Even "SPitters' Wear Stripes.
And that man was wearing stripes
Just because he had spit on the pave
ment or refused to move on OF was
guilty Of some such trining 0ffeHse.
The District authorities say that
they use the stripes simply as dis
tinguishinE costume which the law
says they are allowed TO do. But they
The Washington times. [volume] (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939, 1907-03-03

very much surprised one day to see a
certain man. who was at that time a
professor in one Of orr high schools.
and fine fellow. working on the road
with workhoUse gang and wearing
stripes I said 10 him. Why. hello,
old fellow. what are yeu doing here%
He replied. oh. I got into a little
squabble with a park policeman the
other evening. We had a few words
about the matter. and he Pinched me.
and here / am.
The Athena press. [volume] (Athena, Umatilla County, Or.) 18??-1942, 1907-03-01
rses for CASTOR shoes.

What becomes of old boots and shoes
has hitherto been almost as puzzling a
problem as where all the pins go to.
The solution. however, is given In the
Boot and Shoe Trades Journal.
Old boots and shoes of leather are
cut up into small pieces and then are
put for two days In chloride of sulphur,
the effect of which Is to make the
leather hard and brittle.
When this is fully effected the mate
rial is withdrawn from the action of
the chloride of sulphur, washed with
water, dried and ground to powder.
It is then mixed with some substance
that will cause 1t to adhere together,
such as shellac or other resinous ma
terlal or even good glue and a thick
solution of strong gum.
1t is afterward pressed into molds tc
form combs, buttons and a variety OF
other useful objects.
Prussiate of potash is also made out
of old leather. 1t is heated with pearl
ash and old iron hoops in a large pot
The nitrogen and carbon form cyanoger
and then unite with the iron and po
tassium. The soluble portions are dis
solved out and the resulting salt, added
to one of iron. produces the well-knowI
Prusslan blue. either for dyeing pur
poses or as pigment.
The Athena press. [volume] (Athena, Umatilla County, Or.) 18??-1942, 1907-03-01
aorHAM's HOTEL POPULATION.

SIX Times That of Paris and some
times Reaches $4,000 Day.
The home spirit in New York has al
ready been so shattered by the gran
diose hotel that Al per cent of the so
called "fashionab.es" now reside In
these bewildering cdraval-sares in pref
erence to dwelling beneath their own
vine and fig tree, says Success. The
latest edition of the Social Register
shows that 5000 families in New York
with wealth and aristocratic pride have
given up their private homes to live in
hotels An expert who has studied
the hotel business in every principal
country of two hemlspheres says that
New York cares for three times as
many persons as does London, six times
as many as does Paris and ten times as
many as does any other city that can
be named. There are 1876 large first
class hotels in Manhattan alone, more
than 300 including the smaller ones
and, at the rate of construction at pres
emf, the calculation has been made
that within twenty years there will be
on Manhattan island alone 3S6 hotels
of AGO rooms each. or Of greater size.
Graded wherever it may have been,
the hostelry art has surely found its
home in the American metropolis and
one needs no further figures than those
Just given to furnish explanation of
the amazing evolution of the hotel In
New York City. With floating popu-
lation each day ranging from $4,000
10 $4,000, according to the railroad
passenger accountants, for the various
seasons of the year, there is little won
der that New York has become the
city of earth most conspicuous for Its
hotels.
The word ''palace" has been applied
to hotels since the memory of man run
meth not to the contrary and good
natured world has always accepted 1t
as jestful hyperbole. But out of the
New York conception of hostelry has
come creation, in the description Of
which palace" becomes a feeble mis-
nOmer.
The Athena press. [volume] (Athena, Umatilla County, Or.) 18??-1942, 1907-03-01

at the forward end of a rotary resem-
bles the propeller of steamship or
giant electric fan, although, of course,
1t has many more blades than either of
these.
The wheel of the average rotary
snow fighter Is from to u feet in
diameter and consists of q series of
hollow, cone-shaped steel scoops, each
equipped with a knife-like piece of
metal. AS the wheel revolves at high
speed, these blades strike the snow
and Ice loosening it and throwing 1t
into the scoops. The wheel proper Is
lnclosed In metal hood, at the top of
which Is square opening or funnel.
BY the revolution of the wheel, the
snow caught up by the scoops is thrown
through this opening with great force,
and the funnel Is so shaped that the
sIow Is hurled In an oblique direction
and caused to fall at distance of from
80 to 100 feet from the side of the
track, according to the speed at which
the wheel is being operated. Moreover,
the hood is inclined Inward, so that the
falling snow does not descend upon the
top of the rotary and bury the machine
III drift Of its own making.
The rotary plow, like the old-fash.
loned type Of push plow, is propelled
by couple of powerful locomotives,
but the power for operating the great
propeller Is contained within the plow
itself. This is supplied by an engine
somewhat resembling a marine engine,
but capable of developing almost as
much power as locomotive. The ro-
tary must Withstand the force Of push
Ing engines behind, as well as counter
act the side motion of the great whir-
ring wheel, and consequently the roof
and sides, as we'll as the framework,
are of metal, and the machinery is set
as near the ground as possible, in or
der to help STEADY" this energetic me-
chanical toiler. The weight of the av-
erage rotary, complete with tender for
fuel and water, Is more than 100 tons.
At the forward part of the plow is the
pilot house, wherein Is stationed the
pilot who directs the operation of the
rotary and communicates the necessary
instructions to the engineers of the To-
comotiyes In the rear.
A giant rotary can force Its way
through almost any snow barriers at a
speed of from four to six miles per
hour. as a minimum. The ponderous,
knife-armed wheel spins around at a
speed Of from $50 to 300 revolutions
The Athena press. [volume] (Athena, Umatilla County, Or.) 18??-1942, 1907-03-01
COURTESY SEEN I'm SPAIN.
Travellers Get Best Idea While Jour-
neying by Rail Third Glass.

neying by Rail Third Glass.
The stranger can not perhaps more
easily get a glimpse of the true and
ancient Spain that by acquiring the
habit Of travelling third class. The
seats, indeed, are hard, but the conf
pany Is usually excellent, charming in
its manners and not offensive in any
sense Here a constant series Of novel
pictures is presented to the traveller,
who may quietly study them at leisure.
Perhaps 1t Is a dozen merry girls on
their way to a festival, packed tightly
together and laden with packages;
some, the more sedate among them,
wear mantilas, some bright handker-
chiefs on their heads or go with hair
uncovered, but however they are dress
ed, to whatever class they belong, they
are all clean and sweet.
Or perhaps it is less crowded car
riage one enters; there are two mid
dle-class Spaniards and peasant
group Of three; fat, jolly, middle
aged man in peasants costume, but
clean and new, almost stylish; a wom-
an of like age-one Of those free, ro-
bust, kindly women whom Spain pro-
duces so often, and pretty barehead-
ed girl evidently her daughter, though
the man seems friend or relative
who is escorting them on their jour
ney. By and by, when we have been
some hours on our journey, he lifts
from the seat in front of him the large,
heavy, embroidered wallet-the alfor-
ia, which Sancho Panza was always so
anxious to keep well filled ullwinds it
and draws out one of the great, fiat
delicious Spanish loaves and throws it
on the woman's lap.
Then a dish of stewed meat appears
and the bread is cut In slices which
serve as plates for the meat. But be-
fore the meal is begun the peasant
turns round with a hearty "Gusta?'
1t is the invitation to share in the feast
which every polite Spaniard must make
even to strangers who happen to be
present, and it is, as matter of course,
politely refused: "Muchas gracias."
Before long the black leather wine bot
tie is produced from the wallet and
the meal proceeds.
At its final stage some kind of sweet
meat appears and small fragments are
offered to the two middle-class Span
lards, and then-with slight half
movement, expressing a fine courtesy
restrained by the fear of offering any
offensive attention--tO the foreign ca.
ballero also. 1t is not Improper to ac-
cept this time and now the leather bot
tie Is handed round and the middle
class Spaniards avail themselves of it
though with awkward unfamiliarity.-
Atlantic Monthly.
The Athena press. [volume] (Athena, Umatilla County, Or.) 18??-1942, 1907-03-01

Probably the most picturesque phase
of American railroad operations is
found in the manner In which the
steam roads of the West battle with
the giant snowdrifts of the mountain
regions. This novel activity Is seen in
Its most spectacular form ON the higher
levels of the Rocky mountains. The
largest rotary snow plow In the world
is in service on that engineering mar
vel, the Moffat railroad in Colorado.
ana the manner In which it bores
through the great white banks that
block the steel-tracked highway has
solved one Of the most perplexing prob
lens of operating a railroad more than
11,000 feet above the level of the sea.
In the early days of railroading in
the region beyond the Mississippi river.
the familiar hand shovel was the main
dependence for clearing the tracks, and
after every heavy fall of "the beauti-
fup' an army of men that included ev-
cry available employe of the road was
hurried to points where blockades
might be expected. Locomotives, in
strings of two, three or four were also
hurled against the drifts in an effort
to dislodge the troublesome masses Of
ICY crystals.
! AS a solution for this last-mentioned
makeshift some genius invented the
push plow, huge wedge-shaped struc-
ture on wheels, which bucks" the
drifts, impelled by the force Of several
powerful locomotives behind 1t, and II
the snow barriers be not too heavy, can
force a pathway through the mass.
However, the fact that even the heavi-
est snow plows are ofttimes batiied
by the drifts in the mountains indi-
Gated the necessity for yet more pow
erful type of snow fighter, and thus in
time there was evolved the snow plow
known as the rotary, which has revolu-
tionized the methods of fighting snow
Gnd is represented IN the rolllng STOCK
of every railroad that Is liable to feel
the grip of the western blizzard.
! In the principle Of Its operation the
rotary is radically different from all
other designs of snow plows, for in
stead of being anything in the nature
OF a scoop or shovel that shoves the
snow aside, its chief working mechan-
ism consists of monster wheel which
burrows through the snow, tossing the
more or less feecy material In every
direction The wheel or snow screw
The Athena press. [volume] (Athena, Umatilla County, Or.) 18??-1942, 1907-03-01

The number of locomotives owned by
railroads In the year 1904 was 46,SS5,
and assuming per cent Of these to be
in the shop under repairs, there remain
7,50s engines in service. and this num-
Der, divided into 106,000,000 tons, gives
2,S26 tons as the average consumption
of coal per engine year.
Coming now to something more def
mite, for single road, we find from
the annual report of the Union Pacific
for the year ended with June. 1905,
that 1t paid for its coal $3,3943SS, and
that the average cost per ton was $1.76,
so that the coal consumed by locomo-
tives on that line amounted to 1925
620 tons The number of locomotives
then owned was S25, from which We
deduct per cent, leaving 767 In active
service; this figure divided into the
tons, as given, shows an average con-
sumption per engine year Of 2,515 tons.
In the Chicago and Alton annual re-
port for the year ended with June,
1906, we find the coal bill was $754,000,
and the average cost per ton was $1.20,
which corresponds to a consumption of
62S,300 tons. The total engine equip
ment is $50, less per cent, leaves 230
in active service, which divided into
the tons shows a consumption Of 2,73O
tons of coal per engine year. In the
Lehigh Valley report for the same
year there Is statement showing
that the locomotives ON that road made
an average of 34,921 miles per year,
and that the coal consumption per en-
CINE mile was 1924 pounds. The prod
uct of these two figures gives 5,321,960
pounds, or 2,666 tons per engine year.
This figure lies between those obtained
for the Alton and the Union Pacific,
and we may infer that the average
consumption Of coal by locomotives on
roads having modern equipment is
probably about $500 tons per year
The Athena press. [volume] (Athena, Umatilla County, Or.) 18??-1942, 1907-03-01
HUGE COAL BILL OF RAILROADS
locomotives Burn Many Thousands
of Tons of Fuel.

locomotives Burn Many Thousands
of Tons of Fuel.
The bill for locomotive fuel is the
largest item of expense for materials
Incurred by railroads and 1t averages
about Is per cent of the total operat-
ing expense. The annual reports of
railroads give a few figures relating
TO fuel which help In forming an idea
of the enormous consumption of coal
by railroads In the year covered, says
1he Railway Age.
Thus the report of the Rock Island
system for the year ended with June,
1905, when 1t operated 1857 locomo-
tives shows that the coal bill was
nearly S5.o00,000. On the Chicago and
Northwestern for the same period,
when 1t operated 1912 locomotives, the
cost for fuel for them was $5,S62,000.
The Interstate Commerce Comnls-
sion statistics for the year 1904 shows
that the locomotive fuel bill for all the
railroads In the United States amount
ed to $t59,O00,000. II we take the
average cost of coal at $3.50 per ton,
which Is probably high for the whole
country, this would represent con-
sumption of 1n6.OOO.OOO tons of coal.
The Athena press. [volume] (Athena, Umatilla County, Or.) 18??-1942, 1907-03-01
IN OLD "LYCEUM' DAYS.

The golden days of the lecture plat-
form are past, and the lecture bureau
ia no longer the active feature OF the
intellectual life that 1t was nfty or
even twenty-five years ago. AT one tlme
almost every town, East and west
had its lecture course each winter.
Many were the adventures experienced
by the lecturers as they penetrated the
provincial parts of the country 10 ue-
liver their messages of wisdom or
amusement. Sometimes concert by the
Mendelssohn Qtiintet Club, or some
other musical organization, was SAND.
wiched in between two lectures
Thomas Ryan-a member OF the fam
GUS quintet club--in ''The Recollections
of an Old Museum" tells of the recep-
tion of young woman lecturer In
small wisconsin town:
1t was young mems society which
had summoned her, made up Of very
Youthful members. When she reached
the station the entire association was
lined up to meet her, and she was cere-
moniously introduced, then and there,
to each one. AS the weather was ex-
tremely cold, the process was an ordeal.
This over, the leader wiped his brow
and looked about as If asking what to
do next. Miss Andrews suggested the
hotel A one-horse sleigh was produc-
ed: the leader handed the lecturer in,
got in himself and offered her the reins.
She declined, saying he knew the horse
and way better than she. The young
man seemed relieved, and quite salts
fled that he had shown the guest of the
society every courtesy possible.
That evening the whole association
again met and escorted the lecturer to
the hall. The room was packed.
On the stage was an old-fashloned
settee with legs In the middle and at
each end. When Miss Andrews sat
down the affair tilted with her. A
large, heavily built clergyman came In
and seated himself on the other end.
: Up went the settee, and up went Miss
Andrews until her feet no longer touch
ed the floor. The audience giggled and
Miss Andrews laughed; there was moth
ing else to do
The lecturer scanned the house.
Foremost, leaning with folded arms
on the edge Of the stage, sat young
man in red flannel shirt who never
took his eyes of the lady on the plat
form.
Finally the reverend giant rose to In
troduce the lecturer. This suddenly lei
Miss Andrews end Of the settee down
with q thud.
The clergyman was long-winded, and
the red-shlrted young man became rest
The Athena press. [volume] (Athena, Umatilla County, Or.) 18??-1942, 1907-03-01

per minute, according to the weight
and character of the snow and Ice en-
countered. Close and continual watch
fulness is necessary on the part OF the
pilot, for the character of the snow
mass encountered may change with
scarcely a moments warning from
loosely drifted flakes to densely pacKeu
snow incrusted with Ice, and mayhap
with Ice formations four or five inches
thick scattered through 1t. Into some
portions Of the vast snow coyerlet the
rotary may plunge with impunlty at
speed of only 400 or at most 6OO feet
per minute, while banks of soft snow
permit speed of say twelve miles per
hour However, an indicator In the
pilot house records every fiuctuatlon IN
the resistance offered by the snow par
riers and a pneumatic whistle enables
the pilot to quickly signal for any oe-
sired change of speed.
The snow depths at some of the high
er attitudes of the American Alps are
almost incredible. but big rotary,
working like a herculean augur and
tossing aside Its snow borings IKE
chips driven out OF fan blower In
planning mill, could actually burrow
to any depth If there were any way
to get rid of the snow thus excavateo.
The whole principle Of the armored car
with the big wheel churning the snow
before 1t is so simple that once 1t had
been devised railroad men wondered
that they had not hit upon the scheme
loEg ago.
There are places where the work OF
the rotary plows in keeping open the
trail for the iron horses is ably aug
mented, on the principle Of prevention,
by great snowsheds-s fences or
wooden tunnels designed to keep the
snow from drifting over the tracks
but it is probable that had the ell
cheney of the modern rotary marveis
been anticipated, many railroads would
not have expended as much money as
they did some years ago In construct
ing snowsheds. Thirty-two miles OF
snowsheds, costing $64 foot, or nearly
S11 100000 in the aggregate, represents
the price one transcontinental railroad
had to pay before 1t could successfully
operate Its trains over the Rocky noun
tain division.
Nowadays the rotaries cost something
like $4,000 each, but even at that price
they represent great saving over
snowsheds which, aside from their first
cost, eat up thousands of dollars in re-
pairs every year. Moreover, the ro-
taries have been instrumental In saving
countless lives-not merely by carrying
aid and food to snow-bound trains and
spow-bound villages, but also by reduc-
ing the number of casualties among
railroad men engaged in fighting the
snow.-Waldon Fawcett in St Louis
Globe Democrat
The Athena press. [volume] (Athena, Umatilla County, Or.) 18??-1942, 1907-03-01
Fire-KilIed Timber Good.

Fire-killed timber, the forest serv
has discovered, Is some use after
This Is a thing that has been knt
In the West for long time. The dis
trous 'forest fires" do completely b
up timber in many cases, but there
thousands of acres where the tim
is simply ''fire-killed ;" that Is to s
it is killed standing by the fire t
sweeps through 1t and finally rots
the ground and falls in the first wi
storm. Immense areas of this tim
have been utilized in mining and r
road work and there have been m
established simply to work up the
killed logs into boards and boxes.
The seasoning of fire-killed II
seems to be more perfect than that
ordinary seasoned lumber and in
case of much of the pine that VIC
otherwise have an Objectionable {
the fire-seasoned logs can be worke
into cracker boxes and the like, wi
the odor in ordinary pine lumber VIC
make its use impossible.
Some Of the fire-killed timber
been used after 1t had been dead f
five years, though the more conn
time is from three to seven years
forest service says that the use of
dead and down timber makes avail,
many thousand acres of burned 70
that were formerly accounted wo
loss
The Athena press. [volume] (Athena, Umatilla County, Or.) 18??-1942, 1907-03-01
Make Money at Trapplng.

The last few years of the life OF Jo
Macdougall, son of Rev. John MacdC
gall, the first missionary who work
In the Canadian Northwest, and l..
S. Ward are brimful Of adventure. \
Macdougall has been working for
Hudson Bay Company In the far nor
while for the last six or seven conse'
tive years Mr.. Ward has been trad
on his own account with the Indi,
and half-breeds.
In this wild country 1t is no unco
mon thing for trapper to spe
months without seeing a soul except
the solitary mail carrier who trudl
along with his dogsled, often covert
as much as 100 miles in a day. I
country in the district where these I
trappers live abounds with moose, mJ
OK, arctic foXes-in fact, 1t Is veri
BILE hunters paradise.
During the season the trappers, W
are composed almost solely of India
and haif-breels, make from $500 to
600, according to the plentifulness
furs. During the summer months tt
pass their time spending this mon
Horses are unknown among the
and Beaves tribes, dogs, snowshoes
canoes being the sole means of ira
portation. Attempts have been ms
to harness moose and a trapper nan
Poacher Purdy has succeeded in tam
a team which he drives regularly Ell
er to sleigh or his homemade wag
The Athena press. [volume] (Athena, Umatilla County, Or.) 18??-1942, 1907-03-01

rhe first time, is to have parliament.
Aiuzaffer-ed-Din was born on March
20, 1853, and succeeded his father,
Nazr-ed-Din, on May Day, 1896. The
Shah, who had six sons and twelve
daughters, showed himself a man of
ideas. This picture is late one.
The late Shah is succeeded by his
eldest son, Mohammed Ali Mira, who
is In his thlrty-fifth year. He is we'll
educated and in sympathy with his
Fathers liberal ideas. Among the an
Client and Enthusiastically Oriental
titles which he will assume are Shah
lnshah, or King of Kings; I'll Allah,
shadow ef God; the Klbleh Alum,
Center of the World; the Exalted One,
Exalted as the planet Saturn; the Well
of knowledge; the King Whose Stand
ard Is the sun. and Whose Splendo1
is That of the Firmament.
The Athena press. [volume] (Athena, Umatilla County, Or.) 18??-1942, 1907-03-01
LATE SHAH OF PERSIA.

The Shah of Persia, Muzaffer-ed-Din,
died recently, in the tifty-fourth year
of his age and the eleventh of his reign.
lie was student of philosophy and
literature, a patron of the arts and a
progressive ruler. He was familiar
with Western institutions, and made
several visits to European capitals for
n closer study of them. One of his
last official acts was to sign the new
constitution under which Persia, for
The Athena press. [volume] (Athena, Umatilla County, Or.) 18??-1942, 1907-03-01
THE AMEER OF AFaHAE1srAr

British India has been doing hond
to royal visitor from beyond I'd
northwest frontier, whe bears the nan
of Habibullah Khan and rules moul
famous Afghanistan, which acts as
buffer between Russia and Britai]
The Ameer is thirty-five years of ag
and succeeded his father, Abdur Raj
man Khan, in 1901. His crown Is nd
The Athena press. [volume] (Athena, Umatilla County, Or.) 18??-1942, 1907-03-01
Correct Explanation.

Wlfe-What is meant, John, by
phrase carrying Goals to Newcast
Husband-It is metaphor, my d
showing the doing Of something tn,
unnecessary.
Wife-I don't exactly underst
Give me an illustratien-a familiar
Husband-Well If 1 were to b
you home a book entitled aH
Talk" that would be carrying
to Newcastle. Judges Library.
The Athena press. [volume] (Athena, Umatilla County, Or.) 18??-1942, 1907-03-01
she overdid II.

"My daughter bought that latest pop
ular piece O. music to-day" said Mrs.
Nexdore, "and she tried it on our
piano"
"Yes," replied Mrs Knox, "and it
was a wretched fit, wasn't itY-Phil.
adelphia Ledger.