East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1907-11-20

The following article was prepared
and Issued by Claude /. Lewis, pro-
fessor Of horticulture and pomology
at the o. A. c. experiment station:
Anthracnose, or black spot, is a dis
ease very prevalent at the present
time in our orchards. II left un-
checked 1t will in n large percentage
OF cases destroy the orchard. D
Fortunately, It can be easily con-
trolled. It's presence, therefore. need
cause no great alarm but should de-
mand immediate action. The disease
attacks principally the smaller
branches, especially upon and q
year old wood. At times. however
1t attacks the larger branches and
trunks of young trees.
Appears in the Fail.
1t makes its first appearance in the
fall after the rains begin. The first
indication OF the disease is the ap-
pearance Of small, roundlsh, general
ly depressed brown areas on the bark.
They will increase In number up to
the last Of December. The disease
from this time until the activity OF
plant growth in the spring makes lit
tie visible headway, but may have
made considerable growth IN the new
wood and bark not visible on the out
side, With the advent of spring and
warm weather the growth is very
rapid, the spots increase I'm size and
the depressed areas become very
pronounced.
BY the middle OF June several Of
the spots may have grown together
and as a result we find a spot per-
haps four inches wide up to 10 inches
long Later on the bark falls. leav-
ing a scar much IN appearance like !
that caused by wrenches from plows !
cultivators. etc. Often these spots |
run together to the extent that they |
girdle the branch or tree, killing It, |
Vitality Lowered.
A tree that is badly attacked will |
have considerable OF the young |
growth killed and large wounds scat
tered over the branches. This condi- |
ton means that the vitality of the
tree Is lowered and that even with |
good care 1t will take several years to
restore It to its normal condition.
The best results have been obtain
ed by using two sprays. the first is the
winter Bordeaux mixture and should
be applied as soon after the fruit Is
picked as possible. II done at this
time 1t will destroy large percentage
of the spores and check the progress
Of the disease
Winter Bordeaux Is made by slack
Ing six pounds of lime and dissolving
six pounds of copper sulphate (blue
vitroiD to every so pounds of water.
Slack the lime in n pail by itself.
being careful to form fine milk OF
lime. This can be strained and dilut-
I'd to % gallons. Place the copper
In sack and suspend II in
water is quicker in its
actions. This is then diluted to 25 !
gallons the two mixed together and !
shooid be applied at once It will
take from one to three gallons to a
tree. The main point to be observed
Is 10 use enough of the mixture to
thoroughly drench the tree.
Lime and sulphur.
After the leaves have fallen apply
he lime and sulphur mixture This !
consists of 80 pounds OF lime and so !
pounds Of sulphur to 15O gallons OF
water Take a large kettle or vat,
pour in a little water and after II
comes to a boil add the lime and sui
phur and boil briskly for at least
mo hour, or until the liquid becomes \
, blood red color with little free sui o
ohur floating. This is then strained (
md applied at once. This last spray c
ug. II well done, destroys the re- n
spores and thus you have v
hecked the spread of the disease. r.
Not only is lime and sulphur a fine .
for anthracenose, but It is the II
,est spray to kill the scale; II also
destroys the branch form of woolly .
,phis, many of the eggs of green
lphis rids the trees of moss and
yives the tree more vigor, In addl- =
ion 10 the spraying mentioned.
would suggest that II you have trees
hat have been badly injured by an
hracenose that you cut out the dis
,ased spots, wash with Bordeaux and
paint over the wounds. If this treat S
nent Is given and the orchard re- r
elves good care the anthracenose I
will soon be practically eradicated. :