The Yale expositor. (Yale, St. Clair County, Mich.) 1894-current, 1907-03-08
FOR THE oRcHARDlsT.
A Few Timely Hints About Fruit
Trees.

Many frult trees become old pfema-
turely because they are not properly
taken care of. Some fruit growers
get the idea that when they set out
tree their work Is ended, when in
reality 1t has just commenced. Plant
ing tree and then neglecting 1t. only
coming around each year To gather
the fruit, may do for year or two,
but there will soon be no fruit worth
gathering. When trees get in this con-
dtion. many farmers will dig them
little expense these seemingly worth
less orchards could be transformed
into sources Of profit.
Last spring. says a correspondent
of Orange judd Farmer. had some
choice peach trees that | had taken
ton of about half a dozen, had not
grown a paying crop. They had been
cultivated and fertilized every year
and ! was at loss TO know what to
do with them. However, | went at
them determined either to kill or
cure. l cut off all the limbs TO with
in six inches OF the bodies. which
were given a good spraying with soap.
The new growth on the stubs the past
summer was simply tremendous.
Many branches were four TO six feet
long. | now have fine lot OF prac-
tically new trees, which give promise
of a paying crop next season. The
best peaches are always grown on
new wood, hence this must be kept In
mind when pruning peach trees.
take care OF my pear trees on
about the same principle. Every sea-
son there are some trees that have to
be severely pruned The tops are cut
out and they go through the reno
waiting process of growing new tops.
But in the pear, ii takes more time to
get fruit on new growth The peach
bears on one-year wood, while it takes
the pear two and sometimes three
years before il bears fruit In paying
quantities. In case Of only having a
few trees of some choice varieties.
and not wishing 10 be without fruit
any one season. simply cut out only
one-half of the top, leaving the re-
mander to be taken out the following
spring. In this way. | get fruit and
grow a new top at the same time.
There is one very important point,
however. that must be kept in mind
when renewing fruit trees: the vigor-
Gus growth of new wood Is often
twice as much as necessary, and IL
must be iudiciously pruned Cut out
the smallest branches, leaving only
the largest and best. the idea being
TO have an open top so that the sun
light can reach the fruit Fruit that
reaches perfection is seldom found in
a thick topped tree, but is almost al
ways produced on the outside or top
branches in the sunlight.
The main trouble with standard
pear trees is, that they grow too high.
Intelligent fruit growers are gradual
~ resorting to this heading in process,
as they find it contains many good
points worthy of observation. After
a part of the top is cut out, the rest
of the tree gets the whole strength
from the roots. which have not been
disturbed In this way, higher
grade of fruit is secured and is easy
to sell at paying prices. In my young
pear orchard | have followed this
heading in process from youth up, as
it were, starting the head of the tree
about three feet from the ground and
cutting back the top every year, thus
getting good, stocky trees which are
capable of sustaining their fruit.
In the case OF an old, neglected or
chard, the soil will need a good deal
Of attention after the tops have been
taken out. Most likely IL is in stiff
sod. A good. steady man. team and
pillow are needed TO pillow in the center
of two rows of trees, tapping the first
two burrows. In this way. you will be
blowing away from the trees, aud the
clearing up furrow will come directly
in line with each row of trees. Plow
as closely as possible, taking care not
to bark the trees. What sod is left,
throw away from bases Of the trees
with a shovel. NoXious insects. mice,
etc, often take refuge in the grass
around trees. and keep the ground
bare next to tree. The depth at
which to pillow will have to be regu'
lated according to the nearness OF
the roots TO the surface. Plow as
deep as possible without injuring the
rOotS