davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Daily Arizona silver belt., 1907-12-04
Interstate Commerce.

No small part of the trouble that we have comes from 'arrying to an ex- treme the national virtue of self-re- liance, of independence in initiative and action. IL is wise to conserve this virtue and to provide for its fullest exercise, compatible with seeing that liberty does not become a liberty to wrong others. Unfortunately, this is the kind of liberty that the lack of all effective legislation inevitably breeds. The founders of the Constitution pro vided that the National Government should have complete and sole control
 of interstate commerce. There was then practically no interstate business save such as was conducted by water, and this the National Government at once proceeded to regulate in thorough going and effective fashion. Conditions have now so wholly changed that the interstate commerce by water is in significant compared with the amount that goes by land, and almost all big business concerns are now engaged in interstate commerce. As result. it can be but partially and imperfectly con trOlled or regulated by the action of any one of the several States; such action inevitably tending to be either too drastic or else too lax, and in either ease ineffective for purposes of justice. Only the National Government can in thoroughgoing fashion exercise the needed control This does not mean that there should be any extension of Federal authority, for such authority already exists under the Constitution in amplest and most far-reaehing form; but it does mean that there should be an extension of Federal activity. This is not advocating centralization. It is merely looking facts in the face, and realizing that centralization in business has already come and can not be avoid ed or undone, and that the public at large can only protect itself from cer- tain evil effects of this business central ization by providing better methods for the exercise of control through the authority already centralized in the National Government by the Consti tuition itself. There must be no halt in the healthy constructive course of action which this Nation has elected | to pursue, and has steadily pursued, dur ing the last six years, as shown both in the legislation of the Congress and the administration of the law by the De- partment of justice. The most vital need is in connection with the rail roads. As to these, in my judgment there should now be either a national incorporation act or law licensing | railway companies to engage in inter
Daily Arizona silver belt., 1907-12-04

the Supreme Court has decided a ed ing legislation is unoue..;a .aat tl within the powers of the corpre.a eslonab principle of the eight-hour Sav ra as -aridly and as far as praet;Io,ss11o ss1oul extended to the entire work ea.ae aole by the Government; and the nyoa.Na ,.,.ed should be amended to embraDelut la
 tracts on those public works wS;., e eol oil present wording of the act bau ,cl Il construed to exclude. The geTa., as oec troduction of the eight-hour d.y d,Sl "a be the goal toward which ws S sa slou
 steadily tend, and the govo. slou
 should set the example in tRis I,uinel ,al
Daily Arizona silver belt., 1907-12-04
Eight-Hour Law

The congress should consider the ex- tension of the eight-hour law. The con- stitutionality of the present law has recently been called into question, and
Daily Arizona silver belt., 1907-12-04

be automatic and open to all sound banks, so as to avoid all possibility of discrimination and favoritism. Such plan would tend to prevent the spasms of high money and speculation which now obtain in the New York market; for at present there is too much currency at certain seasons of the year, and it's accumulation at New York tempts bankers to lend it at low rates for speculative purposes; where as at other times when the crops are being moved there is urgent need for a large and temporary increase in the currency supply. It must never be for gotten that this question concerns business men generally quite as much as bankers; especially is this true of stock men, farmers and business men in the West; for at present at certain seasons of the year the difference in interest rates between the East and the West is from 6 to 10 per cent, whereas in Canada the corresponding difference is but 9 per cent. Any plan must, of course, guard the interests of western and southern bankers as carefully as it guards the interests of New York oI Chicago bankers, and must be drawn from the standpoints of the farmer and the merchant no less than from the standpoints of the city banker and the county banker"
 More Elasticity
 I again urge on the Congress tho need of immediate attention to this matter. We need a greater elasticity in our currency; provided, of course that we recognize the even greater need of safe and secure currency There must always be the most rigit examination by the National author ities. Provision should be made fol an emergency currency. The emergency issue should, of course, be made witl an effective guaranty, and upon con ditions carefully prescribed by the Gov ernment. Such emergency issue mus be based on adequate securities ap proved by the government, and mus be issued under heavy tax. Thi would permit currency being issued when the demand for it was urgent while securing it's retirement as tn, demand fell off. It is worth investigat | ing to determine whether officers ant 0tIttiofs ti udiioHdi Dahhs Shouid tNt be allowed to loan to themselves. Trus companies should be subject to the sam supervision as banks; legislation ht this effect should be enacted for tn, District of Columbia and the Territor | ies.
 l Yet we must also remember tha even the wisest legislation on the sub ject can only accomplish a certain amount. No legislation can by an. possibility guarantee the business com munity against the results of specu lative folly any more than it can guar antee an individual against the result of his extravaganza. When an individ ual mortgages his house to buy an auto mobile he invites disaster; and whei wealthy men, or men who pose as such or are unscrupulously or foolishly cage to become such, indulge in rockies peculation--especially if it is accom- panied by dishonesty-they jeopardiz not only their own future, but tn future of all their innocent fellow citizens, for they expose the whol business community to panic and dis tress.
Daily Arizona silver belt., 1907-12-04
sherman Antitrust Law.

Moreover, in my judgment there should be an additional legislation look ing to the proper control of the great business concerns engaged in interstate business, this control to be exercised for their own benefit and prosperity no less than for the protection of investors and of the general public. As I have repeatedly said in Messages to the Con gress and elsewhere, experience has def initely shown not merely the unwisdom but the futility of endeavoring to put a stop to all business combinations. Modern industrial conditions are such that combination is not only necessary but inevitable. It is so in the world of business just as it is so in the world of labor, and it is as idle to desire to put an end to all corporations, to all big combinations of capital, as to desire to put an end to combinations of labor. Corporation and labor union alike have come to stay. Each if properly man. aged is source of good and not evil. Whenever in either there is evil, it should be properly held to account; but it should receive hearty encouragement so long as it is properly managed. It 10 tO Dub UT httI on the statute books law, nominally in the interest of public morality, that really puts premium upon public i'm morality, by undertaking to forbid hon. est men from doing what must be done under modern business conditions, so that the law itself provides that it's own infraction must be the eonditionprece- dent upon business success. To aim at the accomplishment of toe much usually means the accomplishment of too little and often the doing of positive damage
 The antitrust law should not be re- pealed; but it should be made both more efficient and more in harmony with actual conditions. It should be SC amended as to forbid only the kind of combination which does harm to the general public, such amendment to be accompanied by, or be an incident of q grant of supervisory power to the Government over these big concerns engaged in interstate business. This should be accompanied by provision foi the compulsory publication of accounts and the subjection of books and papers to the inspection of the Government officials. A beginning has already been made for such supervision by the es tablishment of the Bureau of Corpor atiouS
Daily Arizona silver belt., 1907-12-04
Further Legislation

The constitutionality of the employ ers' liability act passed by the preced- ing congress has been carried before the courts. In two jurisdictions the law has been declared unconstitutional, and in three jurisdictions it's constitu- tionality has been affirmed. The ques- ton has been carried to the supreme court, the case has been heard by that tribunal and decision is expected at an early date. In the event that the court should affirm the constitutionality of the act, I urge further legislation along the lines advocated in my mes sage to the preceding Congress. The practice of putting the entire burden of loss to life or limb upon the victim or the victim $ family is form of social injustice in which the United States stands in unenviable prominence. In both our Federal and our State legisla- ton we have, with few exceptions, scarcely gone farther than the repeal of the fellow servant principle of the old law of liability, and in some of our States even this slight modification of completely outgrown principle has not yet been secured. The legislation of the rest of the industrial world stands out in striking contrast to our backward ness in this respect. Since 1895 prac- tically every country of Europe, to- gether with Great Britain, New Zea- land, Australia, British Columbia and the Cape of Good Hope has enacted legislation embodying in one form or another the complete recognition of the principle which places upon the em- ployer the entire trade risk in the vari- ous lines of industry. J urge upon the congress the enactment of law which will at the same time bring Federal legislation up to the standard already established by all the European coun- tries, and which will serve as a stim- ulus to the various States to perfect their legislation in this regard.
Daily Arizona silver belt., 1907-12-04
Employers Liability

The National Government should be model employer. It should demand the highest quality of service from each of its employees and it should care for all of them properly in return. Con gress should adopt legislation provid- ing limited but definite compensation for accidents to all workmen within the scope of the Federal power, including employees of navy yards and arsenals. In other words, model employers lia- bility act, far-reaching and thorough going, should be enacted which should apply to all positions, public and pri- vate, over which the National Govern ment has jurisdiction. The number of accidents to wageworkers, including those that are preventable and those that are not, has become appalling in the mechanical, manufacturing and transportation operations of the day. It works grim hardship to the ordinary wageworker and his family to have the effect of such an accident fall solely upon him; and, on the other hand, there are whole classes of attorneys who ex- ist only by melting men who may or may not have been wronged to under take suits for negligence. As matter of fact, suit for negligence is gener- ally an inadequate remedy for the per son injured. while it often causes alto gether disproportionate annoyance to the employer. The law should be auto matic instead of being a matter for lawsuits. Workmen should receive cer- tain and definite compensation. The employer is the agent of the public and nd tc own profit he serves the public. When he starts in motion agencies which ere ate risks for others, he should take all the ordinary and extraordinary risks involved; and the risk he thus at the moment assumes will ultimately be as- sumed, as it ought to be, by the general public. Only in this way can the shock of the accident be diffused, instead of falling upon the man or woman least able to bear it, as is now the case. The community at large should share the burdens, as well as the benefits of in dustry. By the proposed law, employ CTS would gain a desirable certainty of obligation and get rid of litigation to determine it, while the workman and his family would be relieved from a crush ing load. With such a policy would come increased care and accidents would be reduced in number. The National laws, providing for employers liability on railroads engaged in interstate com merce and for safety appliances, as we'll as for diminishing the hours any em- ployee of railroad should be permit ted to work, should all be strengthened wherever in actual practice they have shown weakness; they should be kept on the statute books in thoroughgoing form.
Mexico weekly ledger., 1907-01-17
WALKED 4 o ILLINOIS.
Wealthy Business Man Dies at
Louisiana NO.

LOUISIANA, Mo-, Jan. 12.-Rsbbi
Marcus Morris, who is dead here at the
age Of SO, was a brother OF Sam Morris,
Of Mexico, one Of the most successful
business men in Eastern Missouri. he
died at6p. m. Sunday Of apoplexy, after
having attended to his business the
day before. The funeral was held
Wednesday, Rabbi Sale, Of st. Louis,
conducting the services in the Odd
Fellows Hall.
Rabbi Morris was born In Scweider
meule, Germany, In 1S47. He came to
America In 1856 and settled In Chic
ago. When be went to Chicago he
had but $3.50. he worked In a coal
yard there for Is cents q day and his
board. 10 the same year he walked
from Chicago to Hannibal with q
pack Of his back and went to work In
the clothing store Of his uncle Edward
Morris. In 1872 Mr.. Morris came to
Louisiana and conducted o rag shop
until 1884. Then he went into the
dry goods business, which he main
tained at the time Of his death. He
owned l27 business houses and resi-
denoes, besides much farm land.
Rabbi Morris first married Miss Han
nah Schwimmer Of Quincy. She died
Jan. 8, 1888. Sixteen years ago he
married Miss Anna Levy Of st. Louis,
who survives him. He had been q
member OF the Odd Fellows Lodge
for 20 years also vas q member Of
other lodges. He conducted services
the synagogue here.
Mexico weekly ledger., 1907-01-17
PRESIDENT MILLION BUYS 4 LOT
IN FkIRVIEW PLACE,

John w. Million, president Of Har-
din college, purchased a lot yesterday
in Fairview Place. After a thorough
investigation be made the purchase.
There are fifty other men in Mexico
who could very proftably make a like
investment in these lots. The LED
GER understands that a number Of
lots have been sold at Martinsburg,
Laddonia, Benton City and Rush
Hill. r. E. Race will visit the farm
ers around Mexico just as soon as the
roads get In good condition. Fairview
Place will be opened in a few months
and every lot will be owned by a
pleased purchaser. The investment
is a good one.
Mexico weekly ledger., 1907-01-17
COUNTY NEWS.
SRINNER ITEMS.

Correspondence OF the Ledger.
SKINNER, Jan. 16.-A little snow II
places Tuesday morning.
Mason Pulls has rented the Franz
L. Bruce place for the ensuring veal
Of Octave Ellis the present owner. And
we are told Mason won't batch" either
here's welcoming them.
Mrs. VIM. Payne Is able to be up
and around after a long seiee of III.
ness.
Old Grandma WeInand died last
Thursday night. The remains we're
taken to Mexico Saturday for inter
ment. Mrs. Welnand was OF advanced
age. A large concourse OF friends con.
sidering such awful roads followed
the remains to their last resting place.
P. 7. Bruce killed a large black snake
last week. The snake was found with
head about two inches above the
ground. A pair of forceps was quick
ly made cut Of a piece Of wire which
was used in extracting about a four
f0oter.
Doan Weaver measured up 1000
bushels Of corn to Taylor Dowell at
40 cents a bushel.
Hugh Eisele and wife will move
back to Illinois In about two weeks.
Sorry to loose them from u midst.
The Misses Chapmans entertained
a number Of youngsters last Saturday
night by giving a party. A merry
good time had by all present.
Grover Chapman left for Colorado,
Tuesday on a lookout trip. His broth
ers, Elmer and Thurn a are located
at Wray, Col.
A party was given at MI. and Mrs.
Jas. Spurlings Tuesday night. Several
were present and all enjoyed them
hugely.
At j. S. Hollenshead's sale Tuesday
all things brought good prices, a bad
and disagreeable day never-the.l LESS.
Ira Squirting will leave for Wray,
Colo in a few days. Ira goes to prove
up a claim.
Mexico weekly ledger., 1907-01-17
r o THOMPSON.


Correspondence Of the Ledger.
THOMPSON, Jan. 16.-Mrs M Jack
son, Of Mexico, was a recent guest Of
Mrs G ESims.
Misses l. Jesse and Mae jackson
spent Sunday with homefolks at Mex
leo.
Louis Spauldipg,of Mexico, is spend.
ing the week here in the interest Of
the American Phone Co.
Mrs Tom Morris, of Rush Hill, was
a recent guest Of Mrs e + Elliott.
Miss Hanna Duggan, of Kansas City,
and Mabel Kilgore of this place were
guests Of Miss Alys Hayden, of Mexico,
last week.
J r Hays, OF C~entralia, was here
first of the week.
Mrs CT Jesse spent several days
last week with her daughter, Mrs
Marshal Faddis,
J r Harris was here from Columbia
Monday.
E Watson was here from Fulton
Wednesday.
Miss Eugenia Davis, CT Mexico, re.
turned to her home after a weeks
visit to Mrs Chas Bledsoe.
Lee Shock shipped two cars Of sheep
to st Louis first OF the week.
r Brown, Of Centralia, shipped two
of sheep to st Louis Tuesday
night.
Cant s. Considine bought of w l.
Atkins 20 hogs at &c Tuesday.
Mexico weekly ledger., 1907-01-17
STOCK AND FARM NOTES.

Lee Bros. had both horses and mules
on the st. Louis market this week.
R. r. Buckner marketed 81 head Of
24o Id. hogs at $500 In St. Louis Tues.
day.
Starr, Aflick s. Wilson Of Audrain
county, No., marketed 52s head Of the
"Starr" Western and Mexican yearl-
ings that averaged So lbs and sold at
$3.50. They were fed by Mr.. Wilson.
A year ago Tuesday, best hogs topped
at $3.50, pigs at $685., native steers
at "a 35. Colorado lambs at 81 so,
native lambs at 81. 80, Southwest lambs
at s6.75, Colorado sheep at %. rs, native
sheep at IS so, and Mexican sheep at
$685..
@. e. Cook, near Santa Fe, sold to
Trimble s. Bolts 2 yearling steers at
s3s per head. They were July calves
and averaged $50 lbs. They had been
running on grass and for a month
past had been fed some cane. MI.
Cook thinks cattle, horses or mules
can be kept up during the winter and
make some gain on ane Of the right
quality. He has a bunch Of calves on
corn and cane and they are doing fine.
He plants his cane seed with a drill,
cuts 1t with a mower, rakes 1t with q
sulky rake and shocks 1t, though he
thinks 1t best to put IT under shelter
when well cured. 1t is rather hard
on land, and Mr.. Cook prefers clover,
cowpeas or alfalfa IL the land is adapt
ed to such crops. -Paris Appeal.
]. T. Haden, one Of the well-known
stock raisers Of Bourbon township,
sold a 2~-year-old jack to James Brock
man and Los Sapplngton,of Centralia,
for $500. Mr.. Haden told us that
this was the best 2-year-old jack he
ever saw and that there are none finer
or better In Missouri,-Fulton Tele-
graph.
A new buyer, e. ID. Moore, OF Mont
gomery City, crossed swords with Ben
Middleton, Of Mexico, In the saddle
and driving horse arena, at the last
stock sales day here, and MADE about
a dozen deals ranging from $50 to 800.
Mr.. Middleton got some horses and a
few mules. Mr.. Moore promised to be
a regular buyer at Fulton stock sales
from this on. Lee brothers, usually
In the field for horses at Fulton's
monthly mart, were not here.-Fulton
Gazette.
Berry brothers, McCredie township
stockmen, who are among the largest
handlers of cattle In the Kingdom,
sold sixty head Of 990-pound steers to
Fl. O. Stewart, Jacksonville, Ill, last
week, for $3.50 per hundred weight,
and the stock vas shipped east Thurs
day. The cattle are good quality
Callaway.bre stock, all two-year-
olds, and are OF a kind that will make
good gains in the feed lot.-Fulton
Gazette.
VIM. johnson has just received 30|
head. of yearling and 2 year old short
horn bulls from La Plata, Mo.
Mexico weekly ledger., 1907-01-17
OH4MP ITEMS.


Correspondence OF the Ledger.
CHANT, 16th.-There were service
here at Bethel Sunday by the pasto
Rev. Smith. P~rotracted services arr
now in progress here, Evangelist
Shannon who is now conducting .
meeting at Mo. Rane is expected the
last Of the week to assist In the meet.
ing. All are cordially invited to at.
tend.
Rev. Elmer Bradley is quite poorly
at this writing we are sorry to state.
Mr.. and Mrs. Lon Goodrich enter
tanned a number Of young people on
last Tuesday evening with a party.
All present had a most Enjoyable time.
Geo. Dean has not been we'll
the last few days, but we hope he will
be able to be out again soon.
Lon Goodrich left for Wichita,
Kansas, Tuesday, where he gees on
business.
Fred Roberts bought the farm
known as Mrs. Sac. Crockett's place
west Of here last week for 81, $50. There
are % acres In the farm.
The Misses Bradley and brothers
entertained on Friday evening. Those
present had a very pleasant time.
There will be services at Prairie
View Sunday morning, January 10th.
Ledger "a Weekly Letter From Home"
X. M. White.
MEXICO, Mo-, January 10th En-
closed here with please find %. 90 cash.
Please credit on my subscription to
LEDGER. 1t is a weekly letter from
home to me. Push 1t along.
Yours etc, W. L. Crawford, Paris, Mo.
Mexico weekly ledger., 1907-01-17

The city council meeting, Monday
evening, was q busy one and every
alderman was present with the Mayor
presiding.
The clerks statement showing total
receipts Of s25, 75e. 20; expenditures,
s22, 643.46. The report will be pub
lished.
The cemetery sexton report showed
10 interrments for the past month.
Petitions for dramshop license were
presented by W. D. Hubbard for a
dramshop In the Ringo building and
by Eugene Tomlinson for a dramshop
In what is known as the Kennan
building. On motion, the petitions
we're referred to the Mayor and one
member Of the Council, who will be
selected by the Mayor.
A petition ior an arc light on east
Monroe street was referred to the
light committee.
Bills TO the amount Of %, 1912 % were
allowed, the balance Of s5s6.57, in the
special sewer fund was ordered trans
ferred to the general fund.
Mr.. Marshall introduced an ordin-
ance raising the dramshop license to
5000 per year, which was given its
first reading.
The ordinance was not read the
second time on account Of objections
raised by Nj. Heller, alderman from
the third ward.
An ordinance was introduced for
bidding police officers to enter q
saloon except on duty. 1t had two read
lngs.
The chief OF the fire department
suggested that more hose be purchas-
ed and the matter was referred to a
A resolution was introduced order
Ing walks along the public school pro-
perty and that OF VIM. Palmer on the
south side of Monroe street, and that
,ity proceed to build a foot-bridge
the branch along the north side
If the public school property on Mon
zoe street.
The city will contribute 500 to-
ward the rest room in the court house.
MI. Owen reported the west Liberty
itreet sewer almost completed at a
,ost OF 1914.
The next meeting Of the council
will be Jan. 21st.