Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1907-03-16

commences to turn to bone while at six
teen bony points commence to form in the
heads of the ribs. Between twenty five and
thirty the vertebrae turn to BONE and SO
on step by step. through the entire seven
ages of man new milestones appear
our expert has now determined that the
victim was a woman between twenty-five
Fnd thirty, let US say. But how tall was
she7 The only large bone which he finds
intact is probably femur or thigh bone He
places this In his 'osteometric board" a
scale which measures II exactly He knowA
the proportion of the thigh bone TO the total
length OF the average female skeleton,
works out a simple sum in multiplication.
adds the percentage allowed for stature in
life and finally determines from these few
bones that the victim. besides being a wom-
an between twenty-five and thirty, was five
feet four inches tall.
Detecting Blood Stains.
In murder trials blood figures more FREE
auently than either bones or handwriting.
All dark spots upon a suspects clothes are
carefully examined II the clothes are dark
they are taken into a dark room and ex-
amined preferably by candle light. which
shows dull red stains readily overlooked In
daylight Another test is to throw upon
the spots reflected light, in which blood
stains will appear glossy. But a human
lie probably hangs upon the test and
greater care must be exercised. A bit OF
the stained cloth is cut out and Is soaked
In distilled water. A beam of light is
passed through the glass tube containing
the solution, and then through a prism
which gives a spectrum such as that OBJ
tanned from ink by the handwriting expert
This spectrum of blood also contains it's
chara cteristic black bands and thus the
test yields evidence that the SPOTS are
caused by some creatures life fluid Chem
lcal tests, too technical for description here.
are also made, and the microscope detects
blood beyond question if its corpuscles are
visible
The expert has found blood. but what
kind of blood? The accused finding SCI
ence pointing at him It's accusing finger adj
mits that II is blood. but denies that il is
human blood. He killed hen for Sundays
dinner, and thus acquired the spots. The
expert dLssOlves another blood spot with a
chemical, places the red fluid under his
microscope and highly magnifies the cor
puscles. If they are oval he knows that
they are from an egg-laying animal and
things commence to look brighter for the
suspect But II the expert finds the cor
puscles round he knows that they are from
one of the milk-givlng species. whether
human or not he cannot say yet. But
suppose the victim had said that the blood
spots were from a dog, cat, pig horse or
cow, all of which, like man. are mammals
with round blood corpuscles. Until very
recently the blood expert had no means of
disproving such a claim. There was but
one mammal-the camel-whose blood
puscles could be distinguished from those
OF man and other mammals. But recently
several European scientists discovered a
method of distinguishing human blood from
that Of other mammals, Our expert now
applies this test.
Human or Animal Bloodp
The accused claims that the spots upon
his clothing are from his dog, which has
been bitten. The expert dissolves one of
the spots He then purchases a rabbit and
injects into its veins some human blood
painlessly taken from the arm of a man
with hypodermic syringe. The injection
is repeated several times at intervals OF O
few days. The rabbit is then bled. and the
blood obtained from 1t is allowed to clot I
liquid-the serum of the blood. Some of
this is added to the solution obtained by
dfssolving the blood spot from the suspects
clothes. If the blood in the solution IS
human the serum" from the "humanized' 4
rabbit will, whom added, produce an imme-
date cloudiness, and within about a half
hour fakes will have commenced to form. I,
The rabbit having been injected with hui
man blood no other blood In the solution
except that Of certain monkeys, and that
only feebly-would produce this cloudiness
and taking. So, II the solution remains
clear, the test says that the suspect is inno-
cent If it clouds and flakes 1t says that
his clothes contained damnfng evidence of
the shedding of human blood.
Determining Race From Blood.
The prisoner is a negro and the victim q
white man. The former claims that the
stains upon his clothing are from his own
blood. But has our expert a test sufficient