davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1907-08-17

light encourages the formation
short-stemmed trees.

..
light encourages the formation of
branching, short-stemmed trees.
1t is a loss to burn over the wood
lot. The burning over the soil does
irreparable damage to young growth,
consumes the litter which ought to
rot into humus, and destroys the very
conditions which nature seeks to es-
tablish and preserve.
The best trees should not only be
selected in woodlot which needs
thinning. Nearly every woodlot is
composed of a mixed stand, in which
dead and unsound trees, weed trees.
and sound useful trees are inter-
mingled.
II we select and remove only the
choicest living trees, the stand will
grow poorer instead of better, and in
time will become almost worthless.
| An improvement cutting, which,
even at little cost, removes the weed
trees and those which are dead
crooked. or otherwise of little worth
will give the remaining stand clear
start.
The woodlot quickly responds tc
such treatment, improving vigorously
under the new conditions. The larger
yield Of better quality. in due time
more than repays the labor.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1907-08-17
LATE FALL FLOWERS.

Do not neglect to provide for the
late fall flowers. Cosmos are fine. but
too often the frost catches them. They
are too tall to take up and pot for the
house during the carly autumn nights.
For the chrysanthemums. grow some
in boxes or large pots. taking them UP
not later than August. II you want
very large. Ane flowers. thin thu buds
merciiese1y and give plenty Of fertilizer
and good growing conditions.
When the asters come up, trans-
plant some Of tho finest to boxes or
pots white small; sink the boxes In
the soil. and ~ the weather grows
cool remove to the veranda or cool
shed. They will bloom beautifully UNI
til tho house must be closed up with
heated air inside.
The California poppy may be trans
planted the same way. and It's bloom
Ing period prolonged till long after
frost. It IN lovely In flower and foliage.
A bed Of calenduias Will be bright
spot long after the frost has destroyed
Its foliage. 1t is strong rival Of the
|chrysanthemum in both hardness and
show. It makes good house plant,
but must be kept cool.
Several species OF the gifly-nowei
bloom we'll after frost II somewhat
sheltered. and the bloom may be pro-
longed by taking UP and bedding dr
boxes.
Take up few Godetia plants fo1
winter boomers; they make q nice
showing. Heliotropes that have grown
thrifty in the garden all summer are
usually too large to take up for win.
tier plants. Start new plants by cut.
tings.
Some Of the ebutilons are constant
boomers. and a small cutting rooted
now and kept thrifty growing will
make fine window plant. Many
kinds have the most beautiful foliage
even II they give no bloom.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1907-08-17

the curious eyes Of idle neighbors and
subject to criticisms which are in time
bound to reach his ears and disturb his
peace of mind. g
No man who is in good health has
any excuse for giving up active work
on the farm until he is sixty years old,
and even then he can superintend his
affairs with pleasure and profit for ten
years longer.
If his sons live with him it may be
they do not agree with his old-fash-
toned methods of farming. If they are
farm college bred and understand
modern methods the father will, If he
is. a liberal minded man. accept the
knowledge and at least allow them to
give their methods trial. If he cam
not bring himself to do this, better let
the boys go their way and stick to his
own and stay on the farm.
1t is mistake for aged farmers and
their wives to sacrifice their comfort
and independence for the benefit OF
their children. Assuming that they
have done their duty by their children
by giving them that care and educa-
ton which their love prompted and
their means allowed, they should not
make further sacrifice by placing
themselves in dependent position in
their old age.
9 Many farmers move to town for the
purpose of giving their children an
education while providing them with
home at the same time. That is
commendable, perhaps. but as this
period is generally confined to few
years only the father and mother
sooner or later find themselves without
children and without the comforts and
satisfaction Of the life on the home
farm.
A man who can afford to educate his
children at the county high school OF
college can afford to pay their board
in town and keep the farm home tt
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1907-08-17
STICK TO THE old FARM
Mistake to Give Up Home Ties for Life
in Town Among Strangers.

lCilntOn M. ShultZ.)
T>xPERIENCE has shown that in a
u majority of cases those farmers
who, at middle age or past, retire
from their farms and seek life Of
ease in the country towns are discon-
tented and unhappy. The man who
has followed farming all his life has
become so fixed in his habits and tastes
that sudden change into town
where his surroundings and his daily
life are radically different, upsets bis
mental poise and renders him fretful
and uneasy.
He finds the town people do not con-
sider him seriously as one of them,
and his family Is not accepted with
that cordially and hospitality which
made life pleasant among their neigh
bors in the country. The average town
resident is generally rather narrow In
his views of life and the farmer, If he
be man Of wide mental horizon, Is
not entertained by the discussion Of
petty local affairs and finds himself I'M
able to fit smoothly and easily into the
new. condition Of things
His new life is entirely different
from his old life on the farm. He Is
hedged in by the conventionalitfes OF
town customs and is at all times under
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1907-08-17
THE LAND OF sr1NGnEss BEES.

South America is the land Of the
stingless bees, over seventy species OF
all kinds, habits and sizes having been
discovered, with probably as many
more not yet catalogued. Some have
domesticated for centuries by tho ma
.tives. Our own honey bees are un-
known Ia either OF the valleys Of the
Orinoco or Amazon.
Our southern sister continent Is the
richest OF all the continents In veg
citation and other natural resources
and in time will develop into some
thing great. The Argentina Chile
Paraguay. Uruguay and South Bra
I'll beekeeping in the American way Ii
quite profitable and satisfactory.
Honey should never be stored in q
cool place unless granulated honey IL
desired. Neither should honey be kept
in q damp place. The best place fol
lit Is in the kitchen cupboard near the
stove. In such place 1t improve,
with age. as old honey has less water
to It's makeup. II strong-tasted II
"mellows'' till it loses It's rank flavor
and becomes meliower and sweeter.
New honey contains small amount
of sugar. but old honey has none. II
these respects honey resembles wine
very much. Bulk comb honey is one
of the products OF the Lone Star state
which is not produced In any Other
part of this country.
It brings or cents per pount
more than extracted honey of the
same grade. 1t is produced in shall
low frames and the combs are cut GU
and dropped into cams having larg,
screw top mouth.
The customer Ii Convinced what HI
or she is getting is pure honey be
cause the comb is contained in it. I
makes Bookkeeping less laborious wher,
! this system prevails.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1907-08-17
ouLL1NG THE POULTRY FLOCK.

Poultry culling should begin with
the birds that are to furnish the eggs
from which the future chicks are to
come.
First, remove every bird that is not
vigorous. Do this with absolutely no
regard to the score or egg record of
the individual. Only vigorous breed
ing stock will then remain.
This healthy. vigorous stock should
again be culled. The early Matched
chicks are the ones that pay the big
profits, and to them we must look for
the breeders that will give the best
results. No one can afford to breed
from late Matched chicks or minated
stock. Such stock will breed nothing
but disappointment in the shape OF
weak, scrawny birds which are almost
impossible to raise.
Select nothing but strong, healthy
birds that have good, blocky shapes
legs. bulls and eyes of the right color
Discard all birds thai have not made
'clined to be long on their legs. Long
legs seem to be easier to get than
most any other defect.
~ lung TO the breeders winch nave
this year proved their qualities. II
properly mated they will give you a
nice. uniform lot of chicks Of high
quality.
In selecting breeders from your own
youngsters, choose those that are
wholly sound and that are known to
be the offspring Of good breeders
Save others that have snowy qualities
for the fancy trade and assign the
faulty ones to the fattening pens.
Many seasons work has been a
failure simply because Of the mistakes
in mating Of the stock. 1t may have
been good. but not we'll mated, and
the result, therefore, was a failure.
To the beginner it may seem that by
mating his highest scoring male with
his highest scoring females he has
made the best possible mating and can
confidently look for good results In
their progeny.
This may at times prove correct, but
not always. 1t depends upon circum-
stances. No bird is perfect. and OF
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1907-08-17
course has its faulty points as we'll as

course has it's faulty points as we'll as
its good ones.
Now. to mate faulty comb with a
like defect, we must not expect the
outcome to be good. The offspring is
APT to come with this defect modified.
We should not expect good results
from mating male and a female with
the same defect, for we will get moth
Ing but bad results. 1t requires but
little thought for one to plainly see
this and cause him to say that in that
direction are to be expected.
You may say by so doing that you
will not always attain good results or
bad, but will not always have bad
chicks-you will receive many good
birds
The eggs should 80 culled and the
Ichicks should be culled if they need it.
Gull out all that do not look or act
fright. Watch closely for chance to
Gull again.
| Get the habit Of culling. It would
make a splendid fad. with an effect
upon the poultry business that can be
better left to your imagination than to
describe.-Mrs B. F.. Wilcoxen, FIT
/ Des Moines, Iowa.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1907-08-17
not being the fact. It becomes a ques-
ton Of what Is the best permanent
policy,

not being the fact, 1t becomes a uues-
ton OF what Is the best permanent
policy.
In the first place, let US consider the
economical or financial aspect of the
matter. A really good COW is worth
from $50 to $50 In almost any dairv-
ing station and at almost any time Of
the year. In my opinion we can crow
q young heifer from the time she il
dropped until she has her first calf
for about $40, and then she Will pav
her way until she Is worth $50 or
more, providing. OF course, that moth
Ing befalls her.
So much for the economica1 view ~
the matter, besides having the thing
you want reared under your own eve
ana better for all purposes than any
.nlng you could buy for more money.
Inc convenience of having the thing
you want always at hand instead Of
having TO look for 1t elsewhere Is i'm
portant.
another item may be named In re-
gard to cows that are bought. II ia
the home feeling and contentedness
winch the ones you breed and grow
nave over the ones that are purchased
II takes COW weeks, and sometimes
months. to get wonted to their new
homes and conditions, and so strongly
does the change OF location and en-
lvironment affect cows that some Will,
not give more than one-half THAR
usual Quantity Of milk for long tire
The COW from which the voure
dairy heifer is to be bred must be In
form. appearance and denonstration
q good mixer and the bull to which
she is mated should be descended from
good milking family and the breeder
should be assured of the fact by a ned
lgree II 1t is possible---at all events bv
a knowledge Of the good Qualities OF
MS ancestors. both male and female
Tor number of nerations. for fully
as much Of the milking Qualities are
transmitted by the bull as from the
COW.
OF the policy OF adopting a breed.
the dairyman should be his own Judge
as to the locality, soil. climate and
abundance Of pasturage and other for
age. which prove a governing feature
OF their adoption to his purpose.
We are in most cases compelled to
rely upon the common cows OF the
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1907-08-17
GET RIGHT DAIRY COWS
Most Important Problem Farmer Has
to Deal With in His Business
Methods.
CIV. M. Kelley.)

CIV. M. Kelley.)
TNO speak from the standpoint Of
the dairyman who Is purchasing
from twenty to thirty COWS each
year for use in the herd, shall try and
point out few of the common de-
f1ciencies that are found in COWS that
are purchased for use in the dairy.
Many times COW may to all APP
pearances be a valuable appendage ID
the dairy, but when we have her at
home we find that she is deficient in
one teat or quarter, sometimes two of
them. The next one may give bloody
milk In a teat or two. Another milks
hard. Another Is confirmed kicker.
Another shows an enormous udder,
which upon trial proves to be rneaty
and nearly as large when MIXED az
before.
Some have garget and some Jump
over every fence on the farm and lead
the whole herd into mischief Some
suck themselves and some give a large
amount OF white, thin milk that is not
profitable for butter or cheese.
Some are ugly and quarrelsorne and
drive their horns or heads into every
other animal on the farm and are dear
at any price even though they may
turn profit at the pail.
Now and then some lean and un-
promising little COW may prove an ex-
cellent individual IL she is given q
chance In the world and few and far
between we may buy some excellent
COW really prize which, the neces-
stiles OF her owner had forced him to
sell.
Such has been my experience while
buying cows for use in the dairy, and
1T is the same problem that ali dairy.
men face who do not grow their owr
cows. and depend upon buying q new
COW when one is needed in the herd.
Provided dairyman could Away
buy good cows at even an advanced
price he could no doubt find 1t to hi
advantage to turn his whole attention
solely to his dairy product. but suof
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1907-08-17
CRUDE OIL FOR LICE.

Crude oil makes an excellent louise
dip. 1t removes all the scales and
scurf. Mixed with crude carbolic acid
at the rate of twenty gallons Of oil to
one of carbolic acid, 1t makes cheap
and effective disinfoctant-or use in
the hog houses and TO spray the yards
with when there Is danger of infec-
ton. 1t is also good plan to put
some of this mixture in the wallow.
holes in the yards after spell of wet
and cloudy weather. 1t kills all germs
and prevents disease spreading from
that source.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1907-08-17


gophers. prairie dogs: rabbits and rats.
However, where these pests do not ex-
list, he will attack poultry, and partic-
ularly those that roost in trees.
of hogs and the farmer of the South
what red clover Is to the northern
farmer and hog grower.
Common field peas are usually pas
tured by swine before they are ma
tured. 1t Is the most common practice
to turn the hogs In the field when the
peas are large enough to cook. and
continue allowing them the run OF the
field until they are consumed.
When turned out at this time they
Also eat up most of the vines, and this
eliminates considerable waste. This
can best Be done when the field is not
too large and when It does not rlpen
all at tho seme time.
Hogs should not be turned into q
asid Of ripe peas until they are ac-
customed to the ration. for there is Q
danger that the peas Will derange their
digestive system. but after a few days
they may be allowed to feed upon
them at will and there will be no dan.
ger Of bad results.
Swine that are to be taken OF from
alfalfa, clover and blue grass pasture
and allowed good field Of peas to
run on Will make good gains and will
be in excellent condition to finish on
a small lot OF grain feed.
II the pasture grows so fast that tho
hogs cannot utilize It, cut for hay and
cure for winter. It will make the
f,rest OF fodder for COWS and may be
FED to good advantage to the brood
sows during the winter.
| Soy beans are excellent forage for
swine. Young pigs turned onto patch
OF soy beans just as they were form
Ing made good growth without any
grain. They ate the beans, leaves.
stalks and all, only leaving stubble
where the beans had made a growth Of
nearly two feet.
Sweet corn, planted SO that It will
ripen at different times during the
summer. Is very valuable forage, and
very one who raises hogs should plan
to have sufficient Of this valuable for
age to cut and feed both stalks and
ears during the late summer and early
fall.
There is no forage that the swine
Will relish more than sweet corn or
that will produce more good feed to
the acre. Cut and feed stalks and ears
together and very nearly all will be
eaten.
TO produce an immense amount OF
forage on small amount of land, cane
and Kaffir corn are unexcelled and are
also valuable in case of extremely dry
weather, when all other forage is MAX
Ing a slow growth. but the feeding
value is much less than that of the
iegumes.
Wheat and rye make good winter
pasture and come at time when other
succulent feed is difficult to obtain on
most hog farms and In climate that
will allow more or less winter pastur-
ing farmer should not think Of win
tering hogs without wheat and rye
| pasture.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1907-08-17

country, and they are 30 miscellane-
ously bred without respect to heredit-
airy qualities that there is little GER
tainty of any one individual animal
transmitting that quality to her de-
scendants.
When we are obliged to rely upon
this class of cows, the bull should be
selected from some we'll known breed
that possesses the best dairy qualities
and he should also be good individ-
ual.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1907-08-17
BEST FORAGE FOR swine
Grow the Kind that Makes Firm Flesh
and Keeps Animals Healthy.

and Keeps Animals Healthy
\ N acre OF cowpeas VIII afford an
N abundant supply of feed for hf-
teen or twenty hogs for several
weeks, and the gain in fertility of tho
soil from the droppings of the hogs
will more than offset the fertilizing
value OF the forage eaten.
The rapid increase in weight will
thus represent 80 much clear profit
and the farmer is better off by half
ton of choice pork for every acre of
cowpeas that is planted. There will
be less waste from tramping If the
hogs are given only so much as they
are made to eat up and not allow them
to run on the fields all of the time
Cowpea hay is good for swine when
other feed lie not available. Much of
the failure that has attended the grow
Ing OF cowpeas in the North is due to
planting before the ground Is warm
enough. Cowpeas are to the grower
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1907-08-17

This handy tool can be made by any
farm boy. and is Of greater use around
the barn than any other implement
except the pitchfork. Used as scrap
er, II Keeps the floors clean and free
from manure and moisture. It should
be made about twelve inches long, OF
a hard plank one inch thick and the
scraper edge should be mounted with
a thin piece OF iron, screwed on.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1907-08-17
NOTES OF THE DAIRY.

There is reproachful old saying
about kissing cow but the dairy
man who best succeeds must come
very near it. He must watch her, an
ticicipate her wants and demands and
furnish her with all cow comforts.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1907-08-17

It is claimed by the board Of direc-
tors Of the Iowa Department OF Agri-
culture that some stock foods are sold
In that state at prices as high as $14
per ton that have no value at all, or
at best, value of only 81 or 81.
Among the ingredients used for stock
food are lime, charcoal, common salt,
weeds. EPSON salts and wood ashes.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1907-08-17

This is an excellent picture of the
head Of the champion three-year-old
Shorthorn bull, Royal Sutton, which
took first prize at the International
Stock Show in 1906 Never buy a bull
that does not show strong masculinity.
A stupid, slow, or weak looking bull
will never produce first-class animals.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1907-08-17
LITTLE NUBB1Ns OF NEWS.

AS an evidence of the amount of
commercial fertilizers used In some Of
the New England states 1t is stated
that 2SS brands of fertilizers were sold
in Connecticut last year These are
exclusive of stable manure and the
products of local manufacturers.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1907-08-17
THE COWS MAY OBJECT.

Cows are not likely to submit peace
ably to the milking machine If for no
other reason than that they would be
deprived Of the pleasure of wrapping
their tails around the hired mans neck
and lifting him into the middle of next
week
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1907-08-17

Grade cows cannot be duplicated
with any certainty, but pure-bred can,
and only high grades and pure breds
are adapted to the needs OF an up-to-
date dairyman.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1907-08-17

The growing Of date palms for their
fruit is a growing industry along the
delta OF the Rio Grande river In Texas.
The work is encouraged by the gov
eminent.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1907-08-17

which they can come at the weeks
end. 1t is good thing to keep the
children close to us as long as we can
and the weekly homecoming tends to
keep alive not only the love for the
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1907-08-17
FILLING THE s1Lo.

In using blower to fill silos. it is Of
the greatest importance that the pipe
be set close to the silo at the bottom
and it should be maintained in as near
ly perpendicular position as possible.
Unless this is done, the blower is likely
to choke.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1907-08-17

Flooding along in the same old rut
in these days and times will result in
losses to the dairyman. Try and get
on the new road, which is smoother
and the profits more easily reached,
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1907-08-17
parents. but the interest in the life Of

the farm.
There is nothing to be compared to
the dignity and peace and comfort Of
farm life in its best sense, and the
man who gives 1t up with all the pleas
ant associations Of long life It's in
dependence and security for life in
town under entirely different condi-
lions will find his last years unsatis-
factory, empty and wanting.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1907-08-17

The great horned owl is an frnpor-
tant ally Of the Western ranchmen in
fighting the hordes of ground squirrels,
gophers. prairie dogs: rabbits and rats.
However, where these pests do not ex-
list. he will attack poultry, and partic-
ularly those that roost in trees.