The state herald., 1907-07-26
T0RNAD0ES, CYCLONES
HURRICANES

The great diversity in the use of me-
neurological terms, not only by us com
moners' but by the press, that sh4 d
be our educators, and their various dis
cussions to which the recent disastrous
storm that visited our locality has Civ
en- rise, prompts me to call attention to
the definitions given by our lexicogra-
pliers and also the nomenclature adopt
cd by meteorological and Chronological
scientists.
Tornado. "A violent wind or tempest
distinguished by whirling, progress
sive motion. usually accompanied with
severe thunder, lightning and torrents
of rain and commonly Of short duration
and small breadth.
Cyclone. A rotary storm or whirl-
wind Of extended circuit.
WHAT SCIENTISTS BAY.
hurricane is n large stormy area
often several hundred miles in diane
ter. within which violent winds circula
around n center. The center of u hur.
ricanec is comparatively a calm region
where even the clouds break away and
the rain ceases. Also called ''ryphoon"
A cyclone is mass of air circulating
around center: the lower portion OF
The air near the earth's surface has
yerticosc movement IN toward the cen
ter while the upper layers have move
ment out from a center; the line join
ing the upper and lower ccntcrs is the
axis Of the cyclone: the rotation in both
upper and lower layers is the same.
The outer portion of cyclone general
y has feeble winds and fair weather.
A tornado is Of much smaller area,
usually less than 2 miles in diameter.
within which even more violent winds
circulate about central axis rapidly
ascending at the same time and form
ing funnel shaped cloud whose base is
at the average cloud level.
A gale is destructive straight line
wind travelling 80. 60 or more miles an
hour and may or may not be aecompan-
led by rain. hail or snow.
From the above II may be easily seen
hat the storm Of the i5. lacked the
characteristics Of a cyclone but filed all
he requirements Of a tornado.
II the gentleman who diagnosed my
'asc M one Of extreme lunacy bccauai
I called II such giving my reason for 40
ioing. will give his reasons and author
ty for pcrsisting In calling Il "a
straight, genuine cyclone" the writer
hereof. In behalf Of the U.S.A. Wcath.
y Bureau will extend sinccrcst thanks
FOR his contribution TO their stock Of
knowledge and as token Of apprccii-
lion will present him with photos Of
,ucb storms taken at different p1intHof
heir travels. They make nice and
interesting study.
The Bureau inatructs all their cooper
,tiyc meteorological observers To minute
note all the meteorological eircun
inccA attending tornadocH. the form
nd color Of clouds. direction and intcn-
ity Of the wind. frequency and formof
he lightning. the occurrence Of hail.
icntrurtivc effects Sc. but M cyclones
10 not present phenomenal that can
q, observed by obr observer or nt
,iuglc station. they cannot be described
u local phenomena, but the chnriing
Nd study of winds and clouds must be-
onc at many stations. and the term
cyclone" should only be- used when
h. nature Of the rotation of the winds
ms been clearly demon started Or can
% safely Inferred
The recent disturbance could all hlf
,con observed at one station. thvrcft ~
Il could not have been ''ryelono," "
T. T., Y. llAKts,