The Roswell daily record. [volume] (Roswell, N.M.) 1903-current, 1907-02-06

The following article from the Chi
cago Daily Drovers Journal is well
worthy of the consideration of every
farmer and or~chardist in the Pecos
Valley.
Plant diseases and insects are doing
so nue. damage to the orchards AMI
gardens in the country Ia it has
become necessary to protect the plant
by some artificial means. the NE
thod of destroying the diseased and
wormy fruit and foliage is of great
value if persistently carried ont. This
cannot be done in so thorough a man
ner, however, as to destroy all tn
diseases and insects present and a
few left over and those that will come
from neighboring farms will produce
a dangerous number next year The
cheapest Int most practical method
of protecting plants from diseases and
Insects is spraying. The ideal method
is to spray thoroughly and then de-
stroy all diseased fruit, leaves and
trash about the orchard and garden.
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alone and the value of ZACH is greatly
increased when used together.
Spraying solutions are divided into
two general classes. according to Ok
lahoma experiment station. Those
designed to prevent the attacks of fun
gOu diseases are called fungicides
and those designed to destroy or pre-
vent the attacks of insects are call
ed insecticides.
Fungicides Protect Plants.
Fungicides protect the plants by pre-
venting the fungous diseases from
gaining a foothold on the plants. The
copper aid sulphur compounds are
the most effective materials used in
these solutions. Mos of the fungous
diseases of plants thai can be prevent
ed by spraying reproduce by means
of two kinds of spores. One kind OF
spore is produced in the spring and
summer and terminates soon after
maturity. If the spore finds lodgmelt
on tender growing parts of the plant
and a favorable amount of heat and
moisture is present. termination and
growth Immediately follow. If these
spores do not soon terminate they
lose their vitality. This process of
on during the spring and summer.
Late in the season another kind of
spore is produced, which is capable
of passing through the winter and ger
minating the following spring. The
terminating spore sends the roots di-
rectly into the tissue of the plant, IN
less it is a surface growing fungus.
in which case the roots spread ove
the surface of the plant. If the
plants are covered with a good fungi
eide when the spores terminate the
spores will be killed.
There are two general classes of
insecticides. The first class of mix
lures contains some poisonous sub
stance that kill the insects when it
is eaten with the foliage or fruit on
which II is lodged. Paris green, Lon
don purple and white hellebore are
the poisonous materials most common
ly Use in these mixtures. These mix
lures are efectual in destroying only
those insects that eat the foliage or
fruit OF the plants and are harmless
to the insects that suck the juice of
the plant.
Two Kinds OF insecticides.
The other class of Insecticides kills
the insect by coming in contact with
i body. Kerosene emulsion, whale
oil soap and pyrethrum powder are
the common materials used in
these mixtures Mixtures of this class
are used chiefly to destroy those in