davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Omaha daily bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 187?-1922, 1907-04-19
POINTED PLEAsANTRIEs.


TITS hard" said the sentimental land
lady, at the dinner table, Ito think that
this poor little lamb should be destroyed
Yes" repiied the smart boardaT s,r,S1-
adelphia Press.
MY plea to the jury" boasted the young
lawyer, was more than four hours long"
"Humph!' replied the experienced attor-
The other side couldn't have had any case
at all"--Chicago Record-Herald.
Judge Bluegrass-ColonelG Gore, let me in
troduce my friend, Colonel Blood"
Colonel ,,, GGore-Delighted to know you,
colonel VIII you join me in-er-somethlng
red?-Chicago Tribune 81. >, ...sI III :,
The captaln-Please, sir, your wife has
.Owner-Confound it! Another OF those
sinking spells of hersi-Harper's Weekly.
Wear, walker-say did yer ever lose yer
Hungry Hawkes-I did onct One day a
kind lady gev me a square meal an fur
ten or fifteen minutes after II I didn't
care fur food at Washington Herald.
But" protested Miss Jokeiey, ct assure
you the stories I've been telling you were
tIdggid with me ] shouldn't think a gen.
Well. >" replied Brightley II consider It
more gentlemanly TO doubt your word than
mated those torles."-Catholic Standard.
Troubles" said Uncle Eben, lis sumpln'
like children. It's kind o. hard to make a
man realize dat anybody's mounts to much
ceppin his own.'-Washington Star.
You shouldn't have hit that man who
called you a liar"
Shouldn't. hey?"
mo, you should have demanded the PROOF
and II he could not produce It he would
nave been branded as the falsiher"
That's all right officially, but l knew he
had the proof Philadelphia Ledger
Omaha daily bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 187?-1922, 1907-04-19

Ex-senator Aliens announcement
that he intends to appeal to the courts
to knock out the new primary law on
the ground Of unconstitutionality and
HIS declaration that he is against direct
nominations, anyway. do not jibe very
well with the standing professions Of
the populist party. Nebraska popu-
lists have for years insisted that they
want the selection OF public officers
brought as close home to the people as
possible, and they have advocated the
initiative and referendum, urged the
direct popular choice of United States
senators and in their last state plat
form declared unequivocslly for pri-
mary election law to govern nomina-
tons for all Offices. Why has ex-
Senator Allen waited so long before
protesting against the public declara-
lions of his own party?
Omaha daily bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 187?-1922, 1907-04-19

The high f1nanciers in New York
who have been predicting hard times
and using as an indication of strin-
gency the fact that the Bank of Eng
land had increased it's discount rates
to 6 per cent. are up against it again.
The Bank of England has recovered
from it's attack of fdgets and has re-
duced its discount rate to Az per cent.
Omaha daily bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 187?-1922, 1907-04-19
Federal valuation of railroads.
Springfield Republican.

Word comes by way of Washington that
the railroads are beginning TO think better
OF the plan of federal valuation Of the
physical property Of the companies. It Is
another case OF falling back upon state
rights for protection against federal ag-
gression only TO find that the states are
likely TO prove more aggressive than the
nation. Several OF the states. Minnesota
the DakotRs, Oregon and others, have
passed laws providing for such a state
valuation. following the example OF Mich
igan and Wisconsin; and the roads are
concluding that they will fare more Justly
In this particular at the hands OF the ma
tional authority. That is quite probable.
Omaha daily bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 187?-1922, 1907-04-19
Rivalry In Naval Construction.
PHILADELPHIA Record.

Special efforts are being made by the
navy to complete war vessels now under
construction, and Il is believed that In a
year the United States will have twenty
hve battleships. In round ngures we snail
then be on a level with either Germany or
France. OF not far behind either, and we
shall not be very distant from the date
when we shall be second on the sea 10
England alone. II the president Is right,
that a pistol in a mans pocket makes him
peaceful and a big navy prevents war, we
may congratulate ourselves upon the near
approach OF assured peace. It is possible
that the haste Of the Navy department ls
due 10 apprehensions that the Peace con-
gress at The Hague will result In a limita-
ton OF ornaments.
Omaha daily bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 187?-1922, 1907-04-19

Russia now proposes to build few
battleships larger than those planned
~ Japan. Russias chief naval need,
however, is a few battleship command
ers of the japanese type.
Omaha daily bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 187?-1922, 1907-04-19
A Dangerous vocation.

The railway mail clerk is the one servant
of the government and the people who is
practically always under fire. He is in
the thick and thin OF every wreck OF a
mail train, and either emerges from the
debris of splintered cars seriously injured
or his body Is taken from the wreck by
plying hands. AS a public servant who
takes his life I'm his hand with his voca-
ton. he should receive a liberal salary
from the government and the Just appre-
citation Of the public.
Omaha daily bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 187?-1922, 1907-04-19

The ediet against free street railway
passes reached Omaha little late, be-
cause the street railway passes here
were cut on some time ago. II will
probably serve, however. to help the
street railway company at Lincoln to
reduce fits deadhead list. which was
abnormally swollen while the lesisla-
tare was In session.
Omaha daily bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 187?-1922, 1907-04-19

The unfortunate thing about Judge Red
ioks decision is that It gives every cur
an excuse to bark at the mayOr.-world-
Herald.
stln more unfortunate is it that
some of them occupying democratic
kennels have not seen At to wait for
the excuse.
Omaha daily bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 187?-1922, 1907-04-19

The tax committee of the Real Es-
tate exchange, which has waved off a
banquet in honor of its efforts for ter
minal taxation, is very modest. The
members of the Douglas delegation,
who. we're also instrumental in that
notable achievement, could properly
come in for a little evidence of appre-
citation.
Omaha daily bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 187?-1922, 1907-04-19

Before the preliminaries for the
next democratic national convention
have all been disposed of, It might be
well to find out what silver ratio Uncle
Horace Boies Of Iowa is favoring this
YEAR
Omaha daily bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 187?-1922, 1907-04-19

on salary from a guaranty company
that sells bail bonds to bad women.
II SO, the local agent of the bond com
pany has been taking undue advantage
Of the city prosecutors innocence by
using his name to advertise the bust
ness. But under such conditions al
lence Is usually taken to give consent.
Omaha daily bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 187?-1922, 1907-04-19

The Agricultural department at
Washington has issued a bulletin advis-
ing farmers not to kill skunks, as they
are great destroyers of insects. The
farmers will take more kindly to the
advice If the Agricultural department
can discover a brand of denatured
skunks.
Omaha daily bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 187?-1922, 1907-04-19

Colonel Bryan advocates an inter
national agreement against the loaning
of money to nations that are at war.
This plan presumably could be as aptly
described as a financial combine in re-
straint of trade in war loans or as
gigantic blacklist to destroy the credit
of striking nations that resort to vio-
lence
Omaha daily bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 187?-1922, 1907-04-19

The Omaha City mission has been
distributing free seeds to children for
backyard cultivation during the sum
mer. Is this not poaehing upon the
exclusive preserves OF the only demo-
cratic congressman from Nebraska?
Omaha daily bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 187?-1922, 1907-04-19

The State Railway commission
wants to compel the railroads to ad-
vertise their 2-cent rates through Ne
braska, so that through passengers
may have the benefit of enforced
reductions. This is a little like rub
bling it in.
Omaha daily bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 187?-1922, 1907-04-19

President Woodrow Wilson of
Princeton says the tobacco ehewers do
the most thinking. DR.. Wilson was
recently nominated for the presidency
by Harper's Weekly and is apparently
trying TO capture the crossroads store
vote.
Omaha daily bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 187?-1922, 1907-04-19
More "Pipes of Pence"

Japan joins in the general movement for
the abolition OF war by launching battle
ship which will carry four 12-inch, twelve
1O-inch and twelve 47-inch guns. This ar
gument for peace can only be overcome by
some other piece Of steel logic concluding
with twelve l2-inoh and four l0-lnch gums.
Omaha daily bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 187?-1922, 1907-04-19

The fruit crop in this section is,
doubtless. all killed, but the fruit crop.
like the proverbial cat, sometimes de-
velops more than one life.
Omaha daily bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 187?-1922, 1907-04-19

A New York legislator wants auto
mobiles equipped with tenders. Some
Of them should be required also to
carry a surgeon and a trained nurse.
Omaha daily bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 187?-1922, 1907-04-19

The man who last fall predicted an
open winter can learn something to
his disadvantage by calling upon any
of the base ball managers of the coun-
try
Omaha daily bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 187?-1922, 1907-04-19

1t is little rough on the umpire to
be compelled to use snow shovel in
stead of broom in cleaning on the
home plate.
Omaha daily bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 187?-1922, 1907-04-19

The author OF "Florodora" is dead,
but several hundred members of the
original "Florodora" sextette are still
living.
Omaha daily bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 187?-1922, 1907-04-19

The country's Weary Willies will
probably head for Kansas City, Kan.
The courts there are looking for men
to act as receivers for the breweries.
Omaha daily bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 187?-1922, 1907-04-19

According to spectators in Chicago,
nearly the entire corn crop, which has
not been planted, has been injured by
frost and cut worms.
Omaha daily bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 187?-1922, 1907-04-19

WHEN OUT OF TOWN.
Subscribers leaving the city tea.
pOrariIy should have The Bee
mailed to them. Address will be
changed a. often as requested.
Omaha daily bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 187?-1922, 1907-04-19

A blanket of snow in the middle of
April is little out of the ordinary
even for Nebraska's erratic weather.
Omaha daily bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 187?-1922, 1907-04-19
A Great and Good Friend.

The supreme court of the United States
is still our great and good friend. 1t has
just decided that the Isle of Pines is not
our property.
Omaha daily bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 187?-1922, 1907-04-19

Mayor Jim" evidently forgot to get
Judge Redick's o. X. to his famous
log-muzzling proclamation.
Omaha daily bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 187?-1922, 1907-04-19

Speaking Of those abdication ru-
nors, the car is something of a stand
Datter himself
Omaha daily bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 187?-1922, 1907-04-19

Colonel George Harvey is assuming
he role of railroad rate and defying
he president to regulate him.
Omaha daily bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 187?-1922, 1907-04-19
Goes to the Roots.

Our out-of-door president must be ac-
kuowledged tho best writer Of Arbor day
prcclanations that ever occupied the White
House.
Omaha daily bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 187?-1922, 1907-04-19

state OF Nebraska, Douglas County IS;
Charles 9. Rosewater, general MANAGER ~
The Bee Publishing Company, being uulS
sworn, says that the actual number OF luli
md complete copies cf The Daily, Morning,
Evening and Sunday Rec printed during the
month ~ 1907 aa follows.
Omaha daily bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 187?-1922, 1907-04-19

Debris buried the Emergency hospital,
where there were ten insane patients, with
their attendants. steward was crushed
lifeless under the mass which cut on es-
cape of all inmates. The maniacs, reused
in instant terror, beat the bars Of their
cells, tore their hair and clawed their
flesh. They were found later by a po-
lceman, who, aided by passers-by, dug
them out and transferred them to another
hospital.
The Hall of Justice and the city jail be-
gan to drop to pieces. Startled prisoners
cursed or called for deliverance, but their
cries were in vain.
All over the city men. women and chill
dren poured into the street like ants.
In quick succession came other rumbling
noises, accompanied by violent vibrations.
The streets all over the city became In
stantly crowded with a confused and ex-
cited mass of persons running into one an
other lodging the flying debris and the
sputtering wires. Some were barefooted
and in night clothes. Some were gro
tesquely arrayed. Mothers, wearing little
to protect them from the night air, sought
to comfort crying children who chung to
them. The throng stampeded in the center
Of the streets, to the public squares and
to the parks-all filled with terror OF an
other shock.
Fifteen minutes after the FIRST shock, a
person on any hill overlooking the city
could see little tongues Of flame appearing
in a dozen places in the Mission district.
South of Market street flames began to
spread with widening circles toward each
other
Omaha daily bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 187?-1922, 1907-04-19

City Prosecutor Daniel enters a soft
denial to the impeachment that he is
Omaha daily bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 187?-1922, 1907-04-19

Net Total .sss ,s7e
Daily average .................. 'SA'&Sf
CHARLES c. ROSEWATER,
General Manager
Subscribed in my presence and sworn to
before me this list day OF April, 1907.
(SeaD NJ B. HUNGATB,
Notary Public.
Omaha daily bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 187?-1922, 1907-04-19

The earth In places rose in waves like
a troubled sea. In the Mission district
crevices opened. The Valencia hotel, an
old and rather fragile frame structure at
Eighteenth and Valencia streets, dropped
into the earth until only a portion OF the
upper story could be seen, and that
tangled mass Of ruins When the FIRE
swept over 1t later. this formed the funeral
pyre for scores OF bodies.
Houses rocked on their foundations and
were thrown against one another, some
being crushed like eggshells in the col
lision.
The old Cosmopolitan hotel, Fifth and
Mission streets, dropped into heap of
debris, crushing the life out of its occu-
pants.
The dome of the city hall, reared after
years Of labor, was torn asunder; pillars
with bricks and stones fell with their
heavy crash adding 20 the din Of the earth
quake
Omaha daily bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 187?-1922, 1907-04-19

Fire ragged for two days and two nights
Sweeping from the water front over the
business section every building IN its path
was destroyed or Quilted. Mob Hill and
Telegraph Hill. dotted with homes of rich
and poor, were stripped. All modern APP
pliances for fighting fire were rendered use
less by broken water mains, and dynamite,
the last resource, was freely used to check
the advance OF the flames but II availed
little until the wide Van Ness avenue was
reached. The total area burned was about
5000 acres, containing $40 city blocks and
about 5000 buildings, one-half Of them
residences. Insurance on the property de-
stroyed Appropriated S235, 100000 and the
total value was put at SS5OOOO,OO0. In
surance to the amount of SsO,OOO,OOO has
been paid.
Omaha daily bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 187?-1922, 1907-04-19

The Captain-Please, sir, your wife has
fallen overheard .'.. IT..
OwneT-Confound it, Another of those
sinking spells of hersl-Harpers Weekly
Omaha daily bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 187?-1922, 1907-04-19

Judge Bluegrass Colonel Gore, let me in
troduce my friend, Colonel Blood"
Colonel Gore-Delighted to know you
COLONEL VIII you join me in-er-somethlng
red?-Chicago Tribune q. ~ ..T -. .,
Omaha daily bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 187?-1922, 1907-04-19
ASNIvnRsARr or nARrHauAI1u
Disaster at san Francisco Year ARo
Yeaanranw.

NeNAeEMNaNs
Al b;ia on tho morning Of April IS, one
year ago, occurred the FIRST Of series Of
earthquake shocks which laid the torch
to San Francisco and reduced two-thirds
or the city to ashes. Most Of the city was
asleep at that fateful hour. Night workers
drowsy loiterers and a few policemen were
on the business streets. their weary foot
falls being the only sounds that broke the
stiffness Of tho dawning hour. Suddenly,
says an account written at the time,
low rumbling sound was heard culver
swept through the city. Part OF the wall
OF the Ferry building tower dropped with
a crash. The clock stopped at 5:i4 a. m.
In Market street rows OF walls swayed
and toppled ana fell for hundreds Of feet
on the tangled mass OF teams, wagons and
men, crushing out lives Horses broke
from the vehicles and dashed IN all direc-
lions: electric wires, brought down by fly
ing cornices and brick spattered In the
streata.
Men we're thrown to the ground; walls
were torn from buildings; sleeping persons
were thrown out Of beds.
Omaha daily bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 187?-1922, 1907-04-19

A marvellous transformation has been
wrought over the ruins of year ago.
The work Of reconstruction includes tenn
porary and permanent buildings, the latter
embracing seven structures Of reinforced
concrete and eighteen class A steel struc-
lures Building permits aggregating
SIS, 900 have been issued in a year. Or
ganized labor has reaped by far the great
est returns in the reconstruction of the
new San Francisco Wages for the time
being have passed all records of their kind
in the country. Before the fire, say Jan
uary /, 1906 there were 1854 union labor
ers engaged in the various trades The
wages paid them amounted to S7,7U per
day. The total membership Of the same
trades January l last was q, 459, and the
total amount paid them in daily wages
amounted to $1,000 OF this the 1880 car
penters received almost $50, 1858 per day; the
sos brlcklayers and masons, Sass per
day; the 1900 painters, $500 each day. In
less than sixty days after the fre the
wages of common lRborers went from 81
20 $50 bricklayers from 81 to IS, and in
the case OF fast workers S9i electricians
from $3.50 to Sc; plumbers from IS to SO and
ST. representing an Increase of from Is 20
As per cent. Union labor has increased
more than 10 per cent In numbers since
the above figures were taken and wages In
certain lines notably the plumbers, have
also increased.
At the present rate OF reconstruction It
Is estimated that the business section OF
the city will be practically built up solid
in another year. More than one-half Of It
has already been rebuilt
San Francisco is now a great city. At the
close OF the year 1906 the bank olearanoes
were practically $4,000. 900, 600. an increase
Of sss per cent over the previous year,
and showing the city In its supposedly
crippled condition TO be equal in business
way to Pittsburg. the greatest manufaetur-
ing and commercial center Of all cities Of
its class in the world. The bank clearances
for February, 1907, were t194. %. 50, show
ing an Increase Of 24.s6 per cent over Febru-
airy, 1906. In this connection It should be
noted that insurance money, which at no
time cut very much figure in returns, was
practically no factor at all in February.
There are hundreds OF cargoes OF steam
and sailing vessels en- route to San Fran
cisco from practically all parts OF the earth.
March was the great cleaning up day Of
san Francisco. when her citizens vS!STs
tariIy turned out by the tens OF thousands
10 clear the sidewalks OF debris through
out the burned district Men OF all sta
tons and classes in life worked side by
side, to the end that the sidewalks and
streets might be as clean and open TO
travel as they were before the hre. Con-
tractors gave their teams and wagons to
haul away the waste material. The work
was eficiently organized and strenuOusly
carried on. The resulting change, esps-
oiaIly in the appearance Of the sidewalks.
was marvellous
Omaha daily bee. (Omaha [Neb.]) 187?-1922, 1907-04-19

appetizer
Hungry Hawkes. did onct. One day a
KIND lady gev me a square meal an fur
ten or hfteen minutes after II / didn't
care fur food at Washington Herald
The Vinita weekly chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1902-1905, 1907-04-18

lambff could Hoi 81 shipped oxeagi
frun the sanf# - mtih in Tetas
A. seon a. ! told the attorney gensr
ST that wanted 60 Fo after lhal
althin fsa 90 three days hta d.
mauas became auca that s uas tm
eessihlt Zoe me te punns tha me
ter further aiih him da nof kupw
thAt BE- Nants 1his discrimination u
eahfinus bat he aeiiua that g taek
SLOWS it % persist ! Nant te break
& Up
All ihefe luterloeket combinations
q peFaonn vho ~ a public demand
aant % break up
II she peane ever a#e shat #m
sitter ! shaH fet me opportunity if
noi. ! shall 81 least keep uFinE You
wili say AT this Il imposslble, set
scientifically there h h8ihing i'm
possible sfmpassahie nv friend
aid 20 ne she's utal afis neaa
champ asain Impossible they
efied Nhen / turned "a the railroads
There ts ~ impossible n is
possible AZ least e carve for ones.
eeif 81 Immortal name So fhe heafis
Of d grateful people
The Vinita weekly chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1902-1905, 1907-04-18

STANDARD tsAfsf q TIE Republican par
10 apan tie gnsstiens ID rAlsas
Tie Prosecution - ll.eaa eisss
must = through tie attornsy general
of tie nos state
Therefore challenge sou ard Mf
MeAdAms o meet lie in pubIlr debate
n thirty towns n the territories. tea
q D. selected - rirh q rs. tie &C.
bales e = caHdgeted in TIE order 10
which se aninuuoed our candidacl
that Is. NJ McAdams 70 proceed. ans
yoa who annmuced secund q follow
and myself wio ANNOUNCED laa q
close
The subject q hc discussed stall
necessarl1 - shelter ln gleW of Tie
fact that { sas xho caused the az
tatiou fni bringing tie rate cases. siia
planned them, Instituted them, tried
them, ana sonall tiht have lesn tried
am not To- better position % opposs
TIE Republican party Cd this graunu
ftiAh fop, Wfn. althHr hscagse gcu
could hot uf sau.d nof a. ooanty at
torney for ave fean which oflce gives
sou ~ ihe poser q The attorney fen.
eral ln such matters iH scar countf
failed g usa leaf onice eithsr 10 Pes
tect tie pablic6ftls raIirud euployes
although yea pase IS the sympathifef
Of both.
= lave ssusd TIE same ciaHsnle
% Mf McAdams
"if yeu e1.lhallff me that reu have
accepted ths challenge viii meet
You 10 81 Reno Aoaaas the Isth. a.
/ Dc b % ai ihe keiiaa, hotel q 81.
range neeessarf preimlnaries
Yours ttff lru.Y Cll4s Wnr
The Vinita weekly chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1902-1905, 1907-04-18

arms q e1na ieFahle t.ze she saaefed
s h-faai deal and o. thfra saass 80
nul hef rKUrs UlFhi Wnr ~ tte
usaissiiea aH u1uAd fhnh ~ Nafhlaa
= uId hair We fhfH rtsH,fH1 s.fsai
having haara sa mHh alsoHf Nafifrifa
Isetaiita- We eni fr ftHH aua after
complete SO - the afiatfa bfu ss.
a. fff consecutive dave lhr HftHa aaa.
mlH teauf - hai fasaa f4fr s==afssH.
hni haa lssu eri ite flne Wfa.
Il HHffnacht Fl d NJ HaEfasf,.d.
Ca. 3gae 2s and laIf 81 Hf0.
The Vinita weekly chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1902-1905, 1907-04-18
WEST WANTS PEOPLE To
KNOW HIM BY RECORD

ciar gravity 81 such 4 klad thag the
heavy oil of Kansas. ihdlan Terrific
~ and Texas could hot legally "a
used IN okishomg And SET uhen
these facts. and hos fhs Waters
riwgre NaA Fehafsng and mouupaisk.
ing The trade ueFe hfaaght e. tbs
aiipfueY eenefai's sftFntlon bH as
okiahoma cif4 dealer. the aifognes
geeeral. - thai dealer lelt me. sala
there NaH noihias unlawful in such
pFAftiees ! wanf lhe opHornnitf
10 ahow that lt Il all anlaatui and
break Il up
fouod thal sha railroads we're
establishing certain Fatea 10 faYor
those au,nis IA Texas ahsfa thelg
friends ouncd elevators ysi ehen
The attorney general heard thar the
Aania ~ railroad was dalnR JUST
exactly this fOf Gaincsvilie because
Mr liafitY uas interested in he Gle.
sainr thefr. BE- npioftunely sought
10 uphold that Faff want 70 break
d up
fauna that lhefe Vas = monster
combination ln control ~ fNn coal
uilnrs 10 Indian TeYsiinrf ihls ar
rsnKtd b the railroads 20 favor
their frieAah made both the facts
and the isw plsin p the attorney
geseral he siihdFas the pefmis-
sloa be had gwen me % attack q
Apparently he lives N peace wlth
thar comhlhatipn I want 60 break
u ap.
feand that one of tha railroads
raised rates On lumber 50 that 90
the lines ~ ihe Denxer. Enld a Guf