The Hawaiian gazette., 1907-11-29

nave served their pfODatlon and been
discharged. But still more significant
is the fact that of the Ill boys who
have thus served their terms of preba-
tion only 10 have been brought before
the court again under any other charge.
This, more than any other argument,
shows the benefit to the community at
large of this start in Juvenile legisla-
ton. The work among people COM
posed of so many different races as
our own is necessarily attended by many
difficulties and by numerous problems
not met with elsewhere. One byeone
these problems are being solved. "
BOARD OF IMMIGRATION.
Governor Carter devotes considerable
space to this subject. After reviewing
the course of assisted immigration in
the past he says:
''There is reason. to believe that a
system of profit sharing or of domi-
cling immigrant laborers will be sue
cessful in the Hawalan Islands, pro-
viding that the cooperation of the
planting interests is obtained, for la
Dor conditions are certainly more pleas
ant than are usually found in other
countries. There is the certainty of
regular employment, school advantages
are better and more abundant, and
the general standard of living and
civilization is higher than in other
tropical and semitropical regions.
Given under the present plantation
system many plantations allow the la
borers the use of ravine sides and bot
tom lands. and a general common for
pasture. Planters possessing this adj
vantage find it comparatively easy to
retain all such laborers on their plan
tations.
s',The sugar industry of Hawaii is
the predominant one, and the plans for
immigration must be made with the
idea of supplying laborers to work on
the plantations. In order to make such
plans succeed, the immigrants should
be settled on the land as a permanent
working population. In other words,
they should be domiciled. BY domi-
Cling the laborer is meant the giving
to him or allowing him to purchase a
piece of land on which he can create
a home without being subject to the
of dispossession without a
day. notice.
'That Hawaii has been on the wrong
track is very evident; that we are be-
midland is shown in the efforts al
ready made by other countries to in
duce immigration anu the offers which
are held out to immigrants to become
permanent settlers.
Those plantations that proposed to
domicile their labor, and had offered
to give up to the immigrant a house
and an acre of land-fee simple, paid
up lease, or surrender of government
ease-adopted form of homestead
and farming agreement which EN-
bodied all of the terms and induce
ments which they were prepared 10
offer, and the covenants and conditions
which they expected the immigrants
10 perform in order to acquire their
homes.
AN acre of land in fee simple was
offered to 400 families; an acre of land
1nder paid-up leases, varying from
twenty to forty years, was offered to
rs families; an acre of land under
of government leases was
offered to 495 families, and plantations
hat could offer no land at all under
my conditions applied for 165 fami-
les on the basis of an increased
monthly wage over that offered by
hose who intended to give lands.
THE expense of this immigration
las so far been entirely paid by do
nations solicited from the Hawaiian
sugar planters. 1t must be borne in
mind that the actual expense of re-
,ruiting the people and transporting
hem is not the only item of outlay
o be considered in relation to securing
/ resident laboring population. The
Houses erected under the agreement
With the immigrants before referred to
ost in the neighborhood of $500 apiece.
rhe acre OF land promised is in many
instances the very best that the PLAN
alton has, and the value of this must
,e considered. While, of course, the
plantations are obtaining the most d.
.ect benefit from the immigration and
lave very literally contributed to its
other commercial interests
md the Territory at large profit very
from an increased citizen
population, and it seems to this board
hat appropriations should be made by
he Government to assist the work
The Legislature, however, failed to de
his
Reference is made to the cooperation
hat now exists between the Federal
ind the Territorial government in re-
,ard to the precautions to prevent
plague. The danger of yellow fever,
low that there is direct communication
With Mexico, is spoken of. The total
number of deaths from tuberculosis
Turing the year under consideration is
,iven as 343. The improvements at the
eper settlement are summarized. The
satisfies and cost of the insane asy-
UNI are given. The National Guard is
raised.
THE NUUANU DAM.
After describing the location and
purpose of the Nuuanu dam, Governor
'arter says:
ITO satisfy public demands, the plans
Dr. this structure have twice been
hanged. and because of the hostile
ttitude of the press many now think
s cost excessive. AS originally plan
ed, the cost was estimated at $4,000.
hen changes were made necessary,
lvolving an additional expenditure of
5000 The second change, increasing