davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The National tribune., 1907-10-10
THE CANAL RECORD.

The Isthmian Canal Commission is
publishing a bright little weekly paper
under this title which is sent free of
charge to all employees of the Commits
sion and the Panama Railroad Com
pany, whose names are on the gold
roll. The place of publication is An
con, Canal Zone, and the paper is full
progress of the work and the social life
of the army of employees. Col. Goe-
thals, the Chairman and Chief Engi-
neer, is justifyinS the Presidents Sc
lection of him by securing an amount
of work hitherto unprecedented. 1t is
ample preparations made by his prede-
cessors, but 1t Is to his credit that he
is using all the facilities supplied to the
best possible result. The August ex-
cavation amounted to 1,274.404 cubic
yards, which is the best monthly out
put ever made, the next to it being
1,05S,776 cubic yards for July. This
achievement was accomplished in spite
of a rainfall of 11.S9 inches during the
months. One steam shovel dug 29,604
cubic yards, with the next shovel COM
ing within about 800 yards of this out
put
large portion of the Canal Record
is devoted to the sports, games and
amusements among the employees. They
are baseball, bowling, tennis, golf
chess, musical and purely social clubs
among these being one made up oi
Ohio people. The Young Mems Chris
tian Association is doing fine work
with four clubs in which there appear
to be bowling alleys, billiard and pool
rooms, soda fountains, dramatic and
musical performances. lectures, Spanish
classes and so on. One correspondent
claims that the hotel accommodations
there are superior 10 anything that can
be found in Baltimore at anything like
the price.
The National tribune., 1907-10-10
AN UNTRUsTwoRTHY LEADER.

J. N Walker, President of the Cob
rado African Colonization Society, is one
of the self-constituted leaders Of the
the place he seeks. He is advocating
race separation as as essential for the
blacks as for the whites, in order to al
low the negros to develop along the
lines which nature intended" He said
that conditions are steadily growing
cape from it was by emigration to Lii
IBERIA, where a black Republic could be
built up. Mr.. Walker makes several
grave mistakes in his assertions. In
the first place. the only development in
thousands of years which the negros
were br ought into close contact with
white or other civilized races. In Africa
they have never made any progress, nor
is that in Liberia such as to commend
itself to those who have hoped for so
much Instead of the conditions grow
they are daily growing better. The ne
gros are being more carefully protected
in their rights than ever; justice is
usually done to them. and their property
and persons have the same protection
that other citizens of the United States
have. The negros are incomparably bet
ter off in the United States to-day than
they have ever been in any country. 1t
is all well enough to encourage immi-
grafton to Africa for those who have
the means to go and who thoroly un-
derstapd. the conditions with which they
will have to struggle when they reach
there 1t is crime, however, to en-
c66fage poor negros to leave this coun-
try where they are doing well, and go
to that ,miasmatfc region, where they
will have to encounter not only fevers
| which have been invariably deadly to
Americans, but there are savage tribes
and lack of comforts and conveniences
| which will greatly add to the hardships
of settlement.
The National tribune., 1907-10-10

Nearly two-thirds of the. former resi-
dents Of the State now live outside OF
it, and the number is placed at 3,000,-
600. With their children and grand
children this makes a strikingly large
proportion of the population of the
country.
Probably no community of similar
size has sent forth as many capable,
energetic, impress-making men and wo-
men as Massachusetts, and everywhere
they went they have been strong factors
in the public life. They were truly State
builders and also town builders, and
manufactures, railroads, mines and SIM
liar great enterprises were monuments
to the activity and ability of Massachu-
sets men. The country would not have
seen anything like the magnificent de-
velopment had 1t not been for the men
and women trained in Massachusetts
and sent to every secti IN to lead in the
discovery and exploitation of it's re-
sources. Il.
The National tribune., 1907-10-10
sCRAMBL1NG FOR STOCK VOTES.

The close fight which is going on be-
tween the Hartman and Fish interests
for the control of the Illinois Central
Railroad is indicative Of a new depar-
ture for the good in the management of
our corporations Heretofore stock
holders in the railroads and other cor
porations have taken but little interest
in them, their knowledge being confined
to the fluctuations of their stock and
the probability of receiving dividends.
Now they are beginning to take the
same interest in the management that
they have in olitical matters, and they
find that their votes are of Importance.
1t is not unlikely that hereafter corpora
ton managers will be held to give the
same accounting to their stockholders
that officeholders are obliged to give
to the community. So close is the con-
test between Hartman and Fish that
Connecticut is being gone over carefully
to gather up the votes of holders Of the
smallest number of shares, and the Rev.
DIR. Newman Smyth. pastor of the Cen
ter Church at New Haven, who owns
only three shares, has been the object
of the solicitation Of the agents of both
factions. This indicates Mr.. Hartman
is quite uncertain of his hold upon that
great system of railroads, and may be
dethroned. If stockholders can be
brought to take properly deep interest
in the corporations. very many of the
evils of stock jobbing and railroad man
agement will be removed.
The National tribune., 1907-10-10
FROsTs IN CANADA.

The news from Canada Of sharp frosts
exceedingly damaging to the grain crop
will make a decided check upon the
emigration from the United States to
the n )rthwest. That region has been
strongly exploited by railroads and land
spectators as one Of wonderful fer
tility and richness. So well has this
been done that there has been a regu-
lar hejira from the United States, par
ticularly from the States along the
Canadian line. 1t is estimated that nc
less than 100, 900 Americans have been
lured by the promise OF cheap. wonder
fully fertile land to leave their own
country and settle in the Dominion
There viii be now a checking of the
tide if not a positive turn. Canada is
much nearer the north pole than the
United States. and that fact will DEM
onstrate itself, in spite of the most high
ly-colored posters and seductive prom
ises. The old complaint was that in
Canada "one had to use pitchfork fol-
IL months i'm the year" This is as true
to-day as ever, and willie the lands in
| the Canadian Northwest may not be
i as bleak as tn ose in Ontario and Que.
| bee yet cold weather ends too late ant
begins entirely too soon for people who
have been used 10 the climate of tht
United States. The earth is cold, ant
there is no doubt of IT. Tho the Sum.
mers may be intensely hot, they are no
long, the ground does not thaw very
deeply. and there is likelihood of un
timely frosts at both ends of the season
which will rob the homesteader of hi
| toll There is still another considera
ton: We have early and late frosts il
the United States, but such is the favor
ing climate that when one crop is Gu
off another may be substituted. Thi
| cannot be true in Canada, where all th'
reliance must be had upon wheat oats
rye, barley and potatoes. If one crol
is killed everything is lost
The National tribune., 1907-10-10

The startling announcement is made
itliat the Pennsylvania Railroad system
has begun the work of electrification.
This has been debated rather acaden-
icaliy for years by railroad engineers,
with strong assertions both for ana
against the probability of electricity su-
perseding the steam locomotive. The
decision of the Pennsylvania managers
seems to settle the debate in favor of
electricity. The Pennsylvania Is the
greatest railroad system in the world.
and its adoption of that motive power
will be followed as usual by other roads.
The first steps will be the substitution
of electricity for locomotives between
New York and Philadelphia, and for
he terminals in New York. Philadel-
phia and Pittsburg. From these cleo
trifcation win be extended until the
systems meet. and then to the Penn
sylvania lines west of the Ohio River.
The company has already a powerful
electric locomotive completed at its AL
toona shops. which will be put into ser
vice on the New York & Philadelphia
will use the third rail or overhead troll
| ley. Undoubtedly the Pennsylvania is
in a better shape to electrify than any
other system. Electric railroading de-
mands great power stations and very
constant loads in order to be economi-
cal. Between New York and Philadel-
phia and between Philadelphia and
Pittsburg the Pennsylvania runs thru
densely settled sections. in which the
travel is constant and heavy. Conse-
quently a power station will be kept
running all the time at its full capacity.
and therefore be economic. 1t must be
kept in mind that the charge for the
| power station is constant factor OF
| expense, and that the wires must be
kept fully charged with electricity all
the time in order to be of service. On
small road, where the trains are in
frequent and the conductor wires will
be unused large portion of each day,
it will not pay to use electricity, and
consequently for many years at least
the small lines will continue to use the
steam locomotive on the score of econ
omy.
The National tribune., 1907-10-10

Prof Ivan Ozerov native Russian.
has written an article which is receive
ing worldwide attention. He attempts
10 explain why Russia. remains so far
behind other Nations. He gives long
list of reasons. but they can be summed
up in single sentence. The. Russians
are too dull and too lazy. Eyen in the
commonest and crudest forms of pro-
duction they are far behind what they
should be with their enormous re-
sources. For example, they, have an
abundance of coal. and yet last year
they produced but 12.S00,O60 tons.
against 22S.719.379 tons produced in
this country. They have an immense
market for cotton goods and yet their
production of all forms of cloth and
wearing apparel is Insignificant. He
says that the people are possessed OF
an lnordinate desire to reap without
sowing, and this prevails with then,
from highest to lowest Even the
painters want to paint great pictures
without having taken a thoro course
IN art, and subjected themselves to the
pains and privations of an artistic edu-
cation. He thinks that the only hope
IS to grant liberal concessions for rail-
roads and other enterprises. which will
bring in an influx of foreigners and
leaven the mass with the activity Of
other peoples
The National tribune., 1907-10-10

Georgia is still trying to eliminate the
negro vote, and has now a bill before
the Legislature framed on the model of
the Alabama law. 1t follows on the rec
ommendation of Gov. Hoke Smith, and
has already passed the Senate. The bill
provides that in order to vote a man
must "own or pay taxes on $500 worth
of property, or be able to read or write
a paragraph of the State or Federal
Constitution. or he must be descended
from a man who has fought in any war
in which the United States or the Con-
federate States have been engaged, or
he must have proper conception of
his dutynto the State and the Nation"
The main danger would seem to be in
this bill that which was SO sumnarily
rejected in Maryland, that it puts it in
the power of little clique of officehold-
ers to say who shall or shall not vote:
that Is. it is in their discretion to say
who shall be given a place on the regis
tration list. If they want a man to vote
they will be easily satisfie,! with any
thing that he may say as to understand
ing the rights and duties of citizenship.
If, on the other hand, they do not want
him to vote he will have great difficulty
in convincing them.
The National tribune., 1907-10-10
NO WORE rIrs.Es FOR SALE.

II will be of deep interest to the
crowd Of obscure millonires" thct the
liit'a Republic of San Marino has de-
cided to reIinqush a profitable source
of revenue b. stopping the sale of titles
of nobility. San Marine is . queer little
survival of the earliest Dark Ages. There
is no telling when it began. and it claims
TO be the Oldest State in Europe. The
traditions say that it was founded some
where along in 300 by Saint Marines,
who took refuge from persecution in
the mountainous back country. 1t lies
mostly around Monte Titino, which
rises to the hight of $3.50 feet and 1t
has a frontier line of "a miles, and a
total area of 3S square miles, or about
that of a Western Township. The popu-
lation is HOOP, mostly engaged in cat
tie raising and vine growing, though
some quarry stone. of which a consid-
cradle quantity is exported. Because
Of its insignificance, Napoleon did not
bother with it when he was rearrang-
ing the map of italy, and sentiment
saved it from being absorbed into the
Kingdom when Italy was unified. Small
as it is. it has five churches and fine
Parliament house. The Government
is Great Council of 60 members. of
whom two take turns every six months
in acting as regents. 1t has a total
revenue of about $4,000 year., a
large portion of which has heretofore
come from the sale of titles of nobility
which have been in great request
There have been so many dukes,
counts and barons in Italy that it has
become a nuisance, and at the request
| of the Italian Government the sale OF
| titles has been stopped and the only
honor that is now obtainable for
| money is the knights of San Marino
One of the notable sales of title re-
Gently was that of Duke to a German
who paid $12.50O for it. This was re-
garded as a record price, since titles
are becoming so common in Europe
| that their value is greatly lessened
Besides the sales by San Marino, Mon
AGO and other pigmy principalities, the
| increase from natural causes on the
Continent has been very great. In
England only one person of a family
can succeed to the title, and frequently
the titles lapse, when there are nc
male members to inherit them. Or
| the Continent, on the other hand
every son of count is count, and
every daughter countess; every
baron's son is baron, and every
daughter a baroness. So on thru the
whole list. 1t is the same in Italy
Austria Hungary, Spain and Portugal
This greatly cheapens the titles. Ir
| Great Britain man Is supposed tc
have an estate to support his title
but there is no such requirement In
the other countries A recent census
of Vienna is said to have shown some
400 barons who were motormen and
conductors on the tramways, with sim.
| liar vocations as well filed By the les
ser nobility. The late king, Victor
| Emanuel, said that there were two
| things that he never refused a man
one was a cigar and the other was
| knighthood in the order Of st. Jo-
seph. Still there are many people
who have more money than good taste
who will pay high prices for titles.
The National tribune., 1907-10-10
The 9Th Pm, III. A.

Editor National Tribune: Please tell
me where the 5th Pa. H. A was in 1864
L never see any mention of it in The
Matt onal Tribune.-William ]. Martin,
West Liberty. Pa.
In the Summer of 1864 the 5th Pa
H. A. belonged to the Twenty-second
Corps and was stationed in Washington
In October it was sent out to Gaines
vile, and one battalion went to Salem.
one was stationed between Salem and
Rectortown and one at Rectortown.- 1t
was then in the district of Alexandria,
Va. under the command of Gen. John
P. Slough. Nov. 9, 1864, it was at Man
assas, Va. Later it moved to Fairfax
Court House, and Dec. 81, 1864, was
made part of the First Separate Bri-
gade under the command of Col Will
liam Gamble, at Camp Stoneman.-Ed-
itor National Tribune. ''nth"
The National tribune., 1907-10-10

Apropos of what we have said as to
the. uselessness of our foreign Minister'S
come some revelations as to how little
they attend to the real duties of the
office, small as they are. They do not
even attempt to preserve the secrecy
which all European diplomats hold to
be absolutely essential. Unlike any
other nation in the world, our secret
code is entrusted to poorly paid clerks
of the country in which they live. and
an American ambassador never has the
slightest security that his most conf
Dental dispatches are not read before
they reach him. For example: The
United States dispatch agent in Lon
don is Newton Crane. a lawyer. but the
real work is done by an English clerk
who never saw this country, and yet
handles all the letters and dispatches
between the American Embassy and
officials of Great Britain and the United
States. 1t happened not long ago that
an American naval officer. on entering
the office of the United States dispatch
agent at London, found copy of the
secret naval code lying open on the
counter. There is nothing that any
European navy SO strictly guards as the
code book. If a copy disappears in any
way the whole code is destroyed and a
new one compiled and published.
The National tribune., 1907-10-10
UNDESIRABLE STILL.

The President made one declaration
which will meet with instant and hearty
response from every right-thinkinS man
in the country At Memphis he said:
81 will use my utmost e-deavorS to
stamp out murderous and l2wless an
archy, and 1 will no more stay my hand
because q wrongdoer masquerades as
a labor leader. than if he masquerades
as captain of industry. 1 have here
tofore expressed myself on the subject
of undesirable citizens, and l stand hy
what / said; alike when he is great
capitalist who wins fortune by chican-
cry and wrongdoing and when he Is
man who. under the guise of standing
up for labor, breaches and encourages
violence and murder"
This is the whole doctrine in nut
shell. Our fundamental principle OF
Government is that AL men are created
equal and endowed with certain inalien-
able rights, among which are life, lib
erty and the pursuit of happiness.
Every assault upon those inalienable
rights, under no matter what guise, IS
criminal. and those making it should
feel the heavy hand of the law. The
| 49,
poor man to life, liberty and the pur-
suit of happiness, and the so-called Ia
Dor thug, who murders and burns, are
in the same criminal class. and should
have the same stern justice meted out
to them Every man has the right to
find work at the calling which pleases
him best, and which he can best follow
without violent preventions from any
source. high or low. His free, unforced
labor at his chosen vocation is the dear
est right of our political system; 1t is
the one for which more men have died
than for any other cause in human his
tory, and all restraints, combinations
and assaults against man earning his
living and providing for his family in
the real American way are crimes OF
the first magnitude. They are crimes
which the great mass of the people will
resent, and when the President makes
this utterance he is certain of the united
and earnest support of all right-think-
ing people who still cling to our old
American ideas.
The National tribune., 1907-10-10

The Interstate Commerce Commission
has entered upon n very necessary work
in examining carefully the average lives
of q freight car, a railroad tie, a loco
motive, a steel rail and other necessary
parts of railroad equipment. This is a
fundamental fact to be ascertained to
aid in; determining whether the two
cent-a-mile rate is "confiscatory;;" that
is, the expert accountants empl Dyed by
the railroads to prepare their exhibit to
the court, when the question comes up
as 60 the validity of the railroad regula-
ton laws. will give the utmost possible
value to every item IF expense connect
ed with the administration of railroads.
1t will then be the duty of those who
uphold the law to show by figures
whether any item in the railroad COM
panies' exhibit is fair and reasonable or
not. 1t develops that there is q wide
variation among the railroads them
selves as to the amounts, the annual
write off, as the English would say,
for depreciation of stock. The Inter-
state Commerce Commission proposes to
carefully tabulate all the mass of fig
ures that can be obtained, and will pro-
duce an average which can be safely
accepted as a basis.
The National tribune., 1907-10-10
The 18th IOwa.

Editor National Tribune: Where did
the 18th Iowa go from Vicksburg? I
have seen nothing in your paper about
them. / could not go with them, as
was in the hospital ward there. 1 saw
a brave little fellow who had been shot.
The ball lodged next the skin in the
back of his neck. The Surgeon wanted
to chlorof orm him, but he said NO"
sat down. put his hands on his knees
and told them to go ahead. After it
was got out he took it and stuck it in
his pocket ,hn H. Garden, 3th Iowa,
Unionville, Mo.
The 18th Iowa, which belonged to the
CrOcker Brigade, went with the brigade
on the unpleasant expedition of Gen.
Stevenson TO Monroe. La. In January,
1864, the regiment veteranized,. and re-
joined the Army of the Tennessee in
May.-Editor National Tribune
The National tribune., 1907-10-10
SENATOR DANyE,. F0.s DEMOCRATIC
NOMINEE.

The Virginians are showing proper
depreciation of one of the ablest men
which the State has produced for many
years. as well as sound attachment t"
Cid landmarks, in their disposition to
support Senator John W. Daniel for The
Democratic nomination. John Taylor
Ellyson. Lieutena1t-Governo or of Viz
ginia, who has been for long time
Chairman of the State Democratic Cen
trail Committee, comes out unreservediy
for the Senator. He says:
Senator John W. Daniel. of Lynch
burg. is my choice for the next Presi-
dent of the United States. l thing that
the South should come TO the front, and
formulate the policy of the parry anu
assume the leadership in the coming
campaign. This is the policy 1 advo-
Gated two years ago, and it is what L
think to-day.
The utterance is meet and timely. The
Republicans have been deservedly criti-
cized for having their nominations
largely controlled by delegates from
Southern States, not one of which can
cast an elect oral vote. The same cen
sure is even more applicable to the
Demo mocracy. For years the South has
cast about all the electoral votes re-
ceived by any Democratic nominee, AMI
has unflinchingly supported the nomi-
nations, thu every time they led to over
whelming defeat. There have been 10
Presidential elections since the war, in
nine of which the Democrats have been
badly defeated, and every time the NOM
inee has been a Northern man. Such
an unvarying career of failure should,
one would think, demand a change of
policy. The loyalty Of the South to the
party should demand recognition, and
the principles for which Virginia has
stood seem to be at least as hopeful of
success as those emanating fr om North
ern States, which have uniformly been
unsuccessful. At any rate, no nominee
worse than Judge Parker was at the
last election. Senator Daniel is not only
an able man, but a very clean one. ON
his garments are no stains of connec-
ton with corporations or trusts, and he
can arouse an unwonted enthusiasm in
the South by his personality and record
The very complimentary way in which
Gen. Gordon was received in his speech
making tour thru the North indicates
how favorably Senator Daniels candi-
dacy would be received even by those
against whom he fought
The National tribune., 1907-10-10
Mr. Marconi SAYS that after five

Mr.. Marconi says that after five years
of work on difficulties of detail he is
now able ID send commercial messages
by wireless between Nova Scotia and
ireland. The American plant is in
stalled on Cape Breton, the most east
erly point of Nova Scotia, and the Euro
pean station at Clifden, on the west OF
County Galway. He does not say
whether these messages can be sent as
well in the daytime as night. This has
heretofore been one of the grave Oh
stacles in long-distance telegraph, since
the myriad of sounds of the active day
make 4 distinct and retarding clash OF
wave frequencies. At present only 20
words a minute can be sent. which is
only one-third or one-fourth the rapid
ity of cable messages. The price is 10
cents word for commercial messages
and five cents for press dispatches. The
cable companies are now charging %
cents word between New York and
London, so that they are threatened
with a severe competition.