New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1907-05-31
WANING STATE POWER.
Congressman Ta7cney Discusses 1t
IN Gettysburg Speech.


Day exercises at the national cemetery here where
four thousand soldiers are buried. were held this
afternoon, large crowd being In attendance from
many parts OF the state Congressman James A.
Tawney, of Minnesota chairman OF the House
Committee Appropriations the orator Of
Inc day. The weather fine A parade, which
included the Sons OF Veterans patriotic and civic
organizations and the local and visiting Grand
Army Of the Republic posts formed in the public
square and moved TO the national cemetery. After
graves or the dead the exercises were held on the
mortal 3o speech. Congressman Tawney in his ad-
ieueraI government He said. in part:
To-day there is reason to fear that the several
states and the local sef-government which they
Teipressnt s our dual form of government will
ties and be swallowed up one all-embracing fed
allow, but in many cases anxious TO secure,
the federal discharge of duties and the
constitution TO them And, moreover, they are to-
day either soliciting or acQuiescng In degree of
which less than half century ago would have led
TO revolution had the federal government attempted
Much OF the federal legislation now being
spect TO the local affairs of the people. would not
twenty hVe years ago have been tolerated by the
tives. in both houses of Congress such legisation
is now demanded. Even private interests lying
ne federal governments are seeking through the
federal legislative authority and federal appropra
lions with which to develop their Industries The
federal government of the exercise OF the right
reserved 10 them by the Constitution to maintain
because Of the expense incident to the maintenance
render 70 the federal government, recently made
by the State of Maryland. Of sovereignty over her
cost of an accurate and necessary survey; the fed
eral inspection Of the products Of private manu-
ton and control of the establishments themselves;
labor in local Industrial establishments with
ihsPecton q cattle Of insects AND Of an EST,
which the federal government has no interest: the
by the states as forest reserves the actual breed
ms OF horses and cattle primarily for the benefit
making of Typographical and geological surveys Of
states in which the government does not own a
cal surveys Of cities and counties primarily for the
and and dtT eGo
the free testing OF coal by the federal government
determine its quality in heat units and the best
disposition to be made OF its by products; the free
vate individuals. contractors and consulting engi-
neers; the work OF causing streams that are non.
owns no land, and, therefore. has no Jurisdiction
as testiaed to by the former director Of the Geo
logical Survey is performed for the benefit Of mu-
pective investors In water powers. and the inves-
LEGATION Of the business methods Of private indi-
other undertakings which belong exclusively to the
for but Which have BEEN Authorized % by Congress
ana ana must be paid Tor from appI9prat3ns, MADE
functions Of the federal government conceived
BY the founders o, political institutions and as
States.
GROWTH OF FEDERAL SUPERVISION.
To illustrate the unprecedented growth OF fed
fairs Of the people. at the solicitation with the
q IN acti IN pTNtr
years ago and at the present time It. is through
In and
hoss epyed in se
the Postohiee and the Interior departments where
tect the revenue the mails and the public domain.
cost al the 1e 1873 i
bers. $4,000 900. In 1907 the federal government
inspsctors S, and special agents three thousand
san and a6o this G is t IOsnS he
fore Authorized has not yet been appointed, or Or
tfis Service is herefore one hundred and eighty
times greater than in 1896, and the cost has In
We hear it said that whatever enters into or
concerns interstate commerce, and whatever af
state. logically falls within the provisions of
she national s sob na ths as na made
6her u Re the fgF
the Congress has not yet seen fit to grant. But
can you name a single important matter which
Is there any phase Of any great industry which
does not come within the scope Of interstate com
undertaking these days which cannot, upon some
would call your attention to the fact. and en-
@ s IS ehds URh IN
enng the - OF the states s and Wns Is far
respect OF the people for the authority Of the
get all those Wise consderations Which led the
FOUNDERS Of our government to provide for or, local
an t ht feara O inc
1t has been suggested that the reason for this
practical change in our OF is to
the party now in control OF the national govern
ment but, my friends let US not deceive ourselves
with shallow reflections. The real reason lies
deeper than this. The tendency the part Of the
states to surrender the exercise Of powers and
Of the federal to assume such exercise
peculiar 70 any political party or to any par
ticular section Of our country It exists in all
him who doubts this statement examine the record
Of the vote Of the representatives. OF the people IN
scntatives OF the states in the senate He will find
d that from the hsfs s for b a9hoTzann of @
federal service, and for an APPROPRIATION from the
nearly always be found In both houses of Congress
j9rity composed OF men OF all parties tie o ana
pause inquire whether the proposed authorize
ton and fans within the Ss nnS
concern is whether the revenues Of the government
will be equal to the consequent increased appronr-
atoms and even this consideration has but little
weight especially II their state any Of their
people to be the benefciaries
PEOPLE REALLY PAY THE BILLS.
The true reason my friends. for this dangerous
tendency, the reason why the people willing to
let the national government perform and pay for
cations of the states and private citizens, lies in
the fact that they do not realize that they
themselves paying for the things which the
tional government pays for. The federal revenue
is secured by indirect taxation while the money
I'm the treasures Of the several states is secured by