New-York tribune., 1907-03-10
BORDEAUX EXPOSITION.
Centennial of Steam Navigation
FuLton's ApOtheosis.
Paris, March 2.

The international Maritime Exposition. or
gani2ea by the French Naval League under the
official patronage Of the French government. 90
commemorate the centennial anniversary OF
steam navigation. which is to be opened at Bor-
deauK on May /. and which will remain open
until November is of special interest to Ameri-
cans because II is a spontaneous manifestation
on the part of France 10 honor the memory OF
Fulton. The exposition is, in fact the apotheosis
of the American inventor. NJ. Bertin. Commits
siOner General OF the Bordeaux Exposition. has
been able 10 obtain working models Of the Cler-
mont and her engines made on the double acting
principle, working by means of connecting rod.
crank and single stern wheel by means of which
Fulton solved the problem Of steam navigation
by accomplishing his memorable trip on the
Hudson between Albany and New York on April
l6. 1867
Admiral Gervais, president OF the French
Naval League, is actively collaborating with
Commissioner General Berth. who was recently
the head of the Naval Engineering and Con-
structiOn Department OF France. Admiral Ger
vais has succeeded IN securing for the eXposi-
tion models of the two submarine boats con-
structed in France by Fulton under the direct
encouragement Of Napoleon. in 1901. The Nau-
titus. which Fulton fitted with compressed air
apparatus for respiration. the submarine
boat upon which the inventor conducted a series
Of experiments under the direction of a commits
sion OF naval officers Fulton descended with the
Nautilus TO a depth Of twenty-five feet. remained
under water for four hours. and fastened TO the
bottom of a ship provided for the purpose a
torpedo by which the hulk was blown into frag
ments. The Nautilus. the earliest type OF SUBJ
marine craft which have become to-day the IA
vorite and most popular instrument of naval
warfare with the French. was propelled by man
n eVVO bOri he'll
ployed for propulsion and two lateral, vertical
screws for descending and ascending.
Fulton's invention and achievements Will be
Che foremost feature of the Bordeaux Exposi-
fioE His perseverance and courage will be set
forth at the exposition more thoroughly and
strikingly than has been hitherto attempted.
even in the United States. His experiments
made with Livingston in 1903. when the latter
was United States Minister TO France, will be
presented in detail. and these include an illus
frated description Of the trial trip of FultOn's
first submarine boat. made in presence Of a
commission of naval experts on the Loire. when
the vessel broke in two amidships. the forward
part drifting helplessly down stream and the
after half sinking IN the middle OF the river.
All interested in the history of steam naviga-
tion viii also find at the exposition reminis-
cences OF Denis Papin, the French inventor who
was a victim Of the revocation Of the Edict OF
Nantes, which. IN 1855, banished Protestants
from France, and who constructed steam en-
gines for industrial purposes at Marburg under
the patronage Of the Landgrave Of Hesse. and
who at Cassel made the first carriage propelled
by steam-an automobile in the year 1888! The
Marquis de Jouffroy dAbbans and his inven-
Mons win also occupy prominent place in the
exposition. Fulton himself paid the highest
tribute 70 Jouffroy by declaring publicly that he
was the first scientist 10 apply the steam engine
to purposes Of navigation. The Marquis de
JouffrOy was an uncompromising Royalist, and
being emigre in the Revolution and empire.
ne was little known in France until the Bour-
bon Restoration In 1916 the Comte d,Artnis en-
ablcd him TO construct the Charles Philippe. a
small steamboat launched at Bercy. on the
Seine Jo6ff6Se evainly sought 10 start a steam
navigation, service between Paris and Havre,
but the scheme was not a financial success and
he became a bankrupt. A small pension was
given 10 him and he admitted to the Inva-
hdes. where he died from cholera in 1892
The Bordeaux Exposition promises TO become
popular Americans coming abroad in the spring
and summer viii find il well worth a visit The
scope OF the undertaking is divided into seven
teen groups, comprising everything pertaining
20 navigation.rThe groups are subdivided into
ninety-tWO Glasses. There IS a fine art section
under the auspices Of well known artists among
whom are Alfred Roll. Carolus- Duran. Dagnan-
Bo1veret. Leon Bonnat, Bescar3, Cornon. Ed
Guard Detaille, Anne Morot, Harpignieq, Rcdin
ana Mercie. The Franco American committee
includes the American Ambassador to France
the French Ambassador 20 the United States.
the American and French presidents of the
Chambers OF Commerce in Paris and New York,
Henry Vignaud. Secretary OF the American En-
bassy in Paris; Mr.. Murphy, United States Con-
sui at Bordeaux, and James Gordon Bennett.
The work is going forward satisfactorily az
Bordeaux. The buildings facing the Garonne. on
the Square Of the Qunconces are beginning to
assume substantial proportions. The construc-
fion is carried under the direction of NJ.
Tournaire, architect-in-chief OF the exposition
The principal entrance villa be surmounted by a
reproduction Of the famous Victory OF Samoth-
race" the original OF which is IN the Louvre
Museum. Needless 10 say. the exposition will
be converted into a bonded warehouse so that
all products exhibited will be exempt from
revenue verifcation. custom house inspection
duties and Octroi taxes. In connection with the
exposition there win be interesting congresses
competitions and lectures dealing with maritime
science, art. industry, commerce, social economy
signals, life saving inventions. turbine motors
submarine eyOlutions, dirigbe balloons, flying
machines homing pigeons. fisheries and, in fact
every conceivable branch Of maritime art and
science viii be presented by carefully thought
out systems Of object lessons. GLIB.