The Montgomery advertiser., 1907-03-19
MIR. WILSON ON CONDITIONS Princeton President 5 Thoughtful Address AT SOUTH CAROLINA BANQUET Reforms in Tariff and Trades Union
 Are Necessary.
 -----s----- In Resposdins te John 2. Calhoun, Noted Educster Takes Occasion to Discuss America's Present
 Day Problems.
AT SOUTH CAROLINA BANQUET

Caroiinians of New York tonight gay, their first annual dinner at the Wal dorf- Astoria with former Secretary ol the Treasury Leslie M. Shaw, Presi dent Woodrow Wilson of Princeton and Judge Joseph A. Mccullough ol South Carolina as the principal speak. CTS.
 President Wilson had for his subject South CaroIina's Most Famous States man, John C. calhoun and after pay. ing tribute to him. Mir, Wilson dis. cussed national matters. He spoke ir part as follows:
 Tt is interesting to note how often progress is pushed to such speed and urged by such means that the peace of the country is threatened, it's interests thrown into discord. Our trouble at present Is that the tariffs and all spe- ciaf means of stimulation have been pursued too far and too fast, to the de- struction of balance ard harmony in social and economic development of the country. We are obliged to acknow- ledge that we have lost our heads in our pursuit of wealth and material power. Having lost wise self possession in our too eager progress. we are in danger of losing it In our efforts to re- form.
 We have stimulated material pro- gress in every way we could think of. The chief instrument of stimulation is the tariff. By this means it was sought to give every sort of organized indus try some special protection of law Un- til recent years the momentum thus induced seems to come to nothing.
 "But at last everything moved with a rush. Upon colossal success fol- lowed oollossal organization. A spirit of madness for success upon a great scale seized upon those who actually conducted the great bushes and knew how to make them pay; madness for money seized npon those who un- dertock their manipulation.
 f'We have by our own forgetfulness of the true principles Of Legislation cre- atod classes and put ealossal interests at clash with one another These changes of our own blind oontrtyinK have carried us So far that we are act ually invited to alter the whole plan of our constitutional system to set matters right.
 Tt will reuire ready hand to 20 to the root we should go. It is evident in the first place that we ought not to punish prosperous men for having &C., cumulated the wealth we invite them to accumulate. believe in income and inheritance taxes as a means for raia- ing revenue. I do not believe in such taxes orsin any taxes as a means of de- priving the rich who we have invited to get their wealth under the fore structure of the government. The root of inequality is not in wealth. but the special favors granted by such leRisIa- ton and extravagant tarifr laws which have been put upon our statute books since the war began between the States.
 What we chiefly need is a genuine purpose of reform and sufficient self possession to undertake it.
 The mere reform of the tariff iE not suficiency, 1t is not even an intelli- gent program. The .taufn is by no means the whole root of the dificultv. and is slow to change. Every correc- ton must be a prudent adjustment or prudent encouragement. Moreover. we must be careful to deal frankly ana without favor with clas privilege Of ali kinds.
 There is another as formidable an enemy to equality and freedom of op- portunity as 1t. and that is the class formed by the labor organizations and leaders of the country quite as monop- olistic in spirit as the capitalists ana quite as apt to corrupt and ruin our industries by their monopoly. If we are to restore the purity of our laws and the freedom of our life, we must see to 1t in all moderation and fairness that no class whatever is given artI- ficial privilege or advantaRes."
 MT. Shaw in responding to the toast. The United States" took occasion to refer to the railroad situation, saving among other things:
 There have been recently given ont a number of pessimistic interviews, and on Thursday last there occurred a se- rious local panic the result of psv- chological and not logical causes. I,et 1t be understood that he who invests his money in railroad extension or in railroad equipment shall be as safe and as secure from the reckless ambition of the manipulator on the one hand and the demagogue on the other, as the man who elects to invest in farm lands town lots, mines, factories or forests.
 Our circulation only Is congested. Tn other words, our transportation faciu- ties are far below our needs. I make the assertion that we are now as much in need of double tracking our trans- continental lines of railroad as we were originally In need of these lines The combined railroads could not transport an army with necessary supplies to the Pacific coast in sixteen months Our salvation lies in the fact that no army will be needed on the Pacific coast or elsewhere. At least, let US so hope and SO pray.
 Let the investor fin railroads be pro- tected from management having for its political aggrandizement and the money will be forthcoming with which to double and quadruple track our rail- n.. lad