davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1907-04-09
FIRST PAPER.
BY John W. aays, Civil Engineer.

my Duck pond Township. has defeat
ed many coatempIated improve
mont. or worse stjI induced tic
authorities 10 string out work in 4
manner which gave neitht- Duck
pond nor Dos-y&rd ANYTHING worth
NIlle The people ln the fsI.l.taN
townships may rest ASS arcd tnat the
work once begun VIII surcN rea, u
them u the ROADS lie WeH builtrd
But ali cannon be done in one season.
The WorL; mast begin sono.l here.
and what pJine more rational thau The
central point From Sueh central
extending year by -eap till ever, stc-
tiDn Of the counts Shal! hc served.
\ complete map Df the county. show
ing all existing roads and the purposes
81 the road authori1c- With respcct
q contemplated improvements ana
extensions is desirable THIS Isl Il
formal promise 70 do in the near
future what TO-DAY IS not possible.
50 let Us acceDt the first principle III
road construction To be=Nh;. tC.,cr
shan be buiit shall be well built. th4t
there may % no hereafter about il.
it should nos be inferred from this
rule that I ann urging cScrN section
to build such roads as are found about
New York City and through the
denSelN settled portions Of Ney Eng
land, reads sixty feet wide often.
With twelve inches Of crushed stone
costing from ten To twenty thousand
per mile. We do not buiiu Brooklyn
Bridges TO get wagons across HaW
river. A bridge and a road are equal
~ well built when adapted 10 the traf-
Tic they are expected to carry. a
road costing more than future traffic
Will Justify is as unwisely built as that
cheap road which fails before ii has
done reasonable duty. Extravagance
in maintenance is as much to be con-
dcmned as extravaganza in first cost.
Between these TWO extremes good
judgment and experience SHOULD seek
a sensible mean.
well then. what kind Of road shall
we build II your county is thCklY
settled as bv North Carolina standard,
with r1ucf1 9rivin"5 a-nd teaming, you
Mil require z crushed stone road ana
are likely to have sufficient money for
the work. If on the other hand YOU
are in thnly settled community.
With light travel, we'll constructed
earth roads viii meet Your require
ments. But let those dirt roads be So
we'll constructed that when increased
traffic shall later demand stone roads
the work low done viii not then be
thrown away. Work wcll done has
been twice done. the first time and
the last time. so We may assume thal
whether simple earth roads Of sand
clay ur the mO.c expensive stone road
shall Be adopted, the location and
grading viii be the same
'''fhe first step towards amy good
road construction is good location.
Much FIRST class constructive work has
already been lost in North Carolina bN
following old locations. This VIII be
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1907-04-09

it could be certain that he would
pat ont his opponent. firstclass
fiSticuf or an example Of quick gun
play on the part Of the chief Executive
would do more than anything else
to confirm the popular judgment up
on the mcri $ OF a monarchy than any
other single circumstance. Roosevelt
scratches off the Nenec" with winch
wealth and position in WOrld-soeiety
has CLOSED the habit Of the people
iie speaks to the latent brute: ana the
response is an admlrin9 roar Of fel-
loWShip.
Is this picture over-drawn2 consid-
or the matter. In two years MIR
Roosevelt has come directly into con-
tact uron Il question ~ veracity with
1T least 4 half dozen prominent gen
uemen. whose words had hitherto
been considered those OF trutIl-ioying
men. That the variance has been alb
solute 50 as to leave no other conciu-
sion open than that one or other Of
the parties has lied has been Que en-
tireIy to the treatment given the re-
srective incidents by the President
himself In each case. it will be ad-
mitted by even earnest admirers Of
the President. that the evidence on
tainable has seemed 10 indicate that
the man who said liar" was (acade-
mically) the liar It would be q work
If SuperrerOgat0n TO recall &l OF
these encounters III detail But there
MAS Poultney RigeloW-called 4 swift
ana unmitigatcd liar and haniShei
with 4 breath; there was Judge Par
keF.-called liar. prefix 'atrocious;' =
there was ex-senator Chanler-he was
simply 4 plain. everyday liar. no
way out of it: there was the gentle
man from Massachusetts-na for
Sotten-Vho repeated a conversation
had with the President anent the
tariff when the President was for
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1907-04-09
ROOSEvELT'S COPYRIGHTED LIARS.

sense bat hitherto n straight wit
l.cSs. is noWIed down the wind IN spite
Of corroboratory letters upon the gust
ii ..naIs' that blows from the portico
OF the White House.
The magic OF the whole situation is
not that the people believe the Prcsl-
Gcnt-that would be to accuse the
people OF Il stupidity Of which they
are not guiIty-but that they are ready
10 applaud the man who. having been
assaulted II ready to father lie 10
give one in the teeth. and proud OF a
man who, powerful enough 70 DESTROY
VIII not hesitate 90 DO 50 whatever tne
rights Of the situation.
Il is, again, [ < glory Of the epithct
Us against the truth. Tine cplthct ls
cgsy to see and to understand. i is,
10 that extent. the pitl of argument.
1t cannot be answered. in the case Of
the president. it cannot be personally
resented Branded as q liar, and max
ing no response, . man is. "f course. =
liar, Ifc is 4 liar. whether he told the
truth or not And the man Ayho calls
him 50 is hero ever after on some
such simple formula must be con-
s,.uctcd the hypnotic influence which
the name and the words Of Roosevelt
cNert upon the country.
1t must be admitted that the policy
followed by the President. If conscious,
was 4 triumph Of applied psychology.
II dit' 'll-11 it'tts- - ',l-it Fly ANN
evidence II the Rooseycltian star of
luck Any adviser would have told
him that such a course would have
Dt en- luiroGs. No other President has
ever 50 far forgotten dignity-not
even "Old Hickory" Yet the phil
osophy Of the Pesident put coldIy.
seems 10 resolve Itself into this 10
say what he pleascs and do what he
pieaSeS with relation only To the i'm
mediate end-afterwards TO remember
what he said and what he did with re-
lation to the result,-With this addi-
ton. to promptly brand as a "lial'
any one who has remembered seen,
or done differently
Faced with the intelligence that the
program was bound 10 be complicated
h. documentary evidence. the Presi-
dent must have proceeded on the as
sumption that. given a sufficiently
strong epithet. the people would not
L ke the trouble to investigate deeper
than the label. And in this ne seems
10 have been right
As q triumph OF original reasoning
and audacious initiative. the Pres
dents success can only be feebly par
allcled by the hypothesis Of Box, whe
started a magazine for women Win
the policy Of removing as far as posi-
telligence. and with that - the Michi-
gan man who discovered that the
American people would eat sa&-dust
if vo" called II brain food
II is this last stroke Of genius which
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1907-04-09

The hold Of President Roosevelt up
on the American people leads upon
reflection to i conclusion Whlch TIC
average citizen feigns to himself -
consider humiliatinS:
That the biggest Bully is the DIS-
Sest man.
The past few years have produced
a deal Of literature and q vast amount
of oratory on the subject of CIVIC
virtue OF ''intelligent and honest par
ticipation in politics" OF moral ad--
ministration of public trusts and
what-not of high sounding generality
tending to prove that the soul anu
intellect Of the average citizen had
risen to heights above the Sprdid ne
cessities Of existence incident to the
growth Of a young people. 1t has be-
come q comfortable DaSt-time to read
Bret Harte and Mark TWains stories
of pioneer life and pioneer passions
as though the half century that inter
vened between those frank and home
ly times were equal to the span be
tween the primitive Saxon and the nor
NAL I3riton in his bath tub 1t mas been
the fashion to look upon the gambling
camp tales. the historic examples OF
"bossism and graft in the cities as
''Guaint phenomena which. from the
VANTAGE point Of present day superb
ori1y, one might admire for the pic
ture While abhorring as principle.
We all admire the DriZefighJer in the
abstract. yet most piously pass statutes
against his milling" in our midst.
Now, what does the hypnotic popu-
larity of Mr. Roosevelt suggest
Nothing less than that the American
people love a bully and the brave
words of bully" When rfr Rooee.
welt calls a gentleman a ''He, thrill
the old fighting thrill-runs across
the nation. The man who reads the
morning paper throws it down With
a burst of admiration. There is man
for youi No mollycoddle about him.
A liar. That's right: hit him between
the eycSi
When the epithet sinks into the con-
sciousness Of the people. the issue IS
entirely forgotten. AS q matter OF
fact, the issue does not amount to
anything if it IS remembered. Who
cares whether Roosevelt or the other
man lied? All the people care to know
is who was called a liar. Il is entirely
immaterial whether he is one or not.
The resultant glory to the President
is the same: like the bully of the
school. he marches away from the
scene of battle the center of an admir-
ing throng.
And here is the conclusion: that the
American people love the ''d-ned lie. Z
whether the man who uses it is him
self a liar or not, Despite eli argu-
ment, all the polish which they arro-
gate to themselves, all the new desire
for political virtue. it is 10 them most
admirable thing that the President
should talk like the priZe-ring. If only
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1907-04-09

gaily an asked him about his leg
lis gettin' betther," says tn sinitor
That's good" says tn prisidint
Come again Whin ii is entirely well
an We'll talk over that appointments, -
he SAYS Tn aftnernoon was enliV-
ened be tn appearance iV a Southern
Congressman askin' f'r foorth class
postoffce. TIL prisidint hardly missed
him be more thin q foot at tn gate.
but tn Congressman bein formerly
wan iV Mosby's gucrillas escaped, to
tn gr-rc2t chagrin iv Mr.. ROsenfelt
who remarked on his return that life
1T tn White House was very confinin'
Il VIII niVcr be able to enforce tn
civil sarVicc law till | take more eX-
ercisc," he said heartily. 9h' ambu-
lance was at tn dure promptly at five,
but no important business havin' been
~thr2nsacted nearly al tn cabinet was
able to walk to their homes
Yes, sir, twill be grand an I'm
soin to injye it. F'r tn first time
since I've been at it. Ar-rchey road
methods has been inthrajooced in
naytional polliticts. | knew tn time
Mud come. T1innisy 'rTis tn on'y way
We may talk about it as much as ye
want, but goVcrmint me boy, is q
case iv me maxim We 60 what l want
an if ! can't iotwith d song, I'll
90 it with a shovel. Th' ir'n hand in
tn velvet glove, tn horseshoe in tn
boixn' NIT. tn quick right. an tn
heavy boot that was tn way we re-run
rolliticks when I was captain iv me
precinct"
'.But We niver was prfsidint.' said
Mr.. Hennessy.
I always had too soft a spot r'r
age" said Mr.. Dooley; an It's tn
aged that does up Us young fellows.
An anyhow done bctther."
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1907-04-09
CONSTRUCTION AND
COST or GOOD ROADS

evident when "a consider that Il te..su
can pull four Times the laad ON "a le.ef
which g ean Iall On IA ten per cent
grade. thar Is. hin rising ten fret b
one hundred and that sugfaeine eH
i t.r aer ent srad. goes ta u.
Ibodt f8u. times ae fast us tUc afft
Wnrk 81 ieNcl rrAd Tie Raeat
majority 81 our roads grew out ~ egt-
Tie trait~ winch first became farm -
ncigAb"rhesd ro@ds and l.l,r county
roads 81 etsl These roads Were
opened as county roads along dividing
lines between farms. rcs9rdlc-s 81
hills and sWdnps
This WAS not unreasonable ia IN
days ol fences when q farmer ubleesra
To tn. additional expense Of u l3us
through his fields. Rul such oule.-
ton no longer has weight Why. shau. q
not q wagon road b. located as es#.a-
fuzzy rs i railroad - mule flesh
worth nothing H. farmers time
and rolling stock of no consideration q
\ railroad Viii send its surveyor out
with The mstruction-get the best la-
cat which can be found with 4
grade not exceeding one per cent or
q half Of one ptr cent perhaps Tho
railroad is planning 10 get the best re-
suits from the money expended and
this is done by means OF the flatteSI
permits Each additional foot of
grade adds u the operating expenses
Of the road. both county road and r%il-
road The railroad considers this. tie
county rarely does Ana 50 wc find
expensive crushed stone roads which
have cost som" thousands per NIL.
still following the old time pig trails
up hill ana down when carefully To-
Gated route would have reduced
grades to = trottiug hill without adj
ditional cost This statement may be
strengthened by citing specific IN
Stancc:-Some years ago the authors
ties of Chatham county in conjunction
with Major London, had the road
from Pittsboro to Moorcs Bridge re-
lOcated-a distance Of six miles. The
original road followed the hill tops eE-
ccpt at the streams. where il plunged
prccipitately down 70 make the cross
ing rising labOriOdsly to tho hilltop
again on the other side The hills on
this road were So Stccp aHG rocky that
in good weather 1t was half dag S
jOurncE 20 drive out to the PriGEc attd
back again, and in wet weather the
road was impossible. The Tc-locauoH
found a grade over which 4 tram ct
ears could have been easily drawn ard
the construction OF this new location
would have cost less than the i'm
prOVeincnt Of the oid road. This Wa@
not effected by deep cutting and hGh
tIlling but by seeking the hiilsldes and
avoiding the hill climbs. The old road
Was siX miles long and the new l0ea-
ton Giy ami Il half This road was
never built the personnel OF the
Board changing about thai time and
the PURPOSES Of the incoming Board
being different
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1907-04-09
FARMERS SnDJLD STOP AND
THINK.
Farmers Should First OF All Raise
Their Home supplies and Then
Raise Money Crop.

To the Editor:-The farmers of
North Carolina are now planting an
other crop. Before doing SO, | hope
they VIII stop, think and consider
what they are doing for awhile. Will
they continue To plant it all in cotton
ana tobacco to reduce the price, and
buy their pork in the west ttL Il high
lrlce, in a pork raising country, as
there is not (; county in the State that
can not raise Il sufficiency of pork,
II they would only make the effort? :?
viii they buy their hay in the West
pay freight and so Il ton, When there
IS not farmer. however SO humble,
but what ear RAISE his own hay? Will
they continue to buy floor when wheat
can be 50 easily raised, and when
laiSed no cost except go to mill, and
that only takes OHe-half day for every
two months? win they continue to
buy potatoes when any farmer can
lalSe second growth of as fine seed
as sou can buy in Maine? VIII they
continue TO buy horses and mules
When western North Carolina can
raise as fine stock us any portion of
the United States except Kentucky?
In fact Will they continue to buV every
thing from the cOilard seeds to Il draft
horse when they can raise il at home =?
II the farmers DO, they need not ever
expect to 5eautify their homes. to
educate their children, to teach their
in North Carolina as 1ine citizenship
as the world ever produced. bright
boys and girls in every home. Shall
we not act the part Of sensible men
and women, run our own business,
beautfN and make pleasant our
homes, thereby keeping -our boys at
| Tome. or shall we continue 10 drive
| them away by bad management and
distress? ! beg the farmers to recOg-
! hlze while they are planting To first
| lalse their home supplies. secondly to
! put whatever surplus they can il1 o
| money, then invest that surplus in any
! way tnaJ VIII turn them out a good
| dividend that will prove the fact that
| North Carolina Is an agricultural
state. which IS true in every sense
! Of the word. 1t is an agricultural
State. an0 can be made one Of the
finest in the Union. Being on the lati-
tude that viii enable us to produce
IN the Eastern part of the State most
everything that a farmer can wish to
raise. both for a profit and a living.
and in the middle and the western
ltart of the State is a class Of soil that
has enabled many States to become
great in agriculture. | am sure that
il each farmer knew the amount of
money that is expended in each coun-
ty for pork hay, flour garden seed.
and for everything else they use they
would surely stop their present modes
Of farming and fail into more sensible
and judiciOus way of conducting their
farms. Farmers of North Carolina,
stop and think before YOU act
=. F. AYCOCK.
Fremont. n. c.. April 6.
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1907-04-09

Yours Of recent date commenting
upon the widespread interest in Good
roads" has been received and / mote
your wish for some brici discussion
Of this subject suitable for newspaper
publication. IL gives me pleasure IL
talk good roaas with anyone who may
be interested and ! assume that those
now interested are such rs contenl-
plate building and are already dis
cussing the road to be adopted, its
cost, and how best to organize for
work Wha, shall say VIII be
straight 10 these points and as brief
as clearness permits.
The most common error in road
building is the attempt to cover TOO
great extent of Improvement with the
money available. Money which might
have made one mile Gt fine road has
been too often St~eWn gIong five miles
Of Wletched malcshift thal has soon
fallen INTO decay, q disappointment ~
those who directed the work and 4
source of endless grumblng from the
men who paid the taxes.
IF | had known this was the road
you folks WAS agoin' To build | never
would avoted for it. Want more
bonds this spring. Not much, Wnen
suppen for it. Try it agin ole n3uie,
Ge-IonG!"
When the tax payer expresses him
self IN this wise the good road move
ment has suffered a disastrous frost
IN the late spring. May be hard work
Will get IN another planting, bat much
tlmc and labor viii have been lost ana
the harvest will inevitably be Late
Whatever money is to be spent
should be spent for that which VIII
be good Of its kind. They who pay
the money Will soon forget the cost
if the work shall be good. But they
viii never forget 4 bad job 1t stands
a continual reminder. If those inter
cstcd are not able and willing 10 pay
for q good road, they had best ab:te-
don the work. Otherwise they viii
be pouring money into rat holes and
holding themselves NJ q conspicuous
target for public condemnation. On
the other hand there is no missionavv
FOR goou roads 50 ELOQUENT as few
miles Of first class work. Every farm
it be extended to his place, and this
insistence Will not cease till the WORK
cover the entire county. Did yOu ever
hear of a county which had begun
first class road Improvement discon-
tinuing the work? Did you ever hear
of Il town which has put down asphalt
streets and cement sidewalks asking
again for the Old time dirt roads and
graS-groWn pathS2 II such imprGEe-
would sell out and leave the town -
a place accursed. Can we afford to
DO it, they no longer ask. Can we at
ford not 10 do it, is the exclamation
heard"
4 am not going to vote money TO
build roads in Your Dogyard Town
ship unless YOU are going to build in
The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1907-04-09

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tn h!GaGo lh"I'ihl 1hfllA 'ttl
these years the Democratic party h.%
csist,d the tendency - seihsh lnt"t-
ests to the Capitalization of govern
mental power, and sieadIa@tiy m'th-
t3incd lhc lht"BIltN 81 the dll"l
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government has found It's be-t 'Api's-
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The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1907-04-09
Fremont N
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The Vinita daily chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1902-1913, 1907-01-14

The most curious almshouse in
lengiand is St Mary's Hospital at Chi
chester. There eight old ladies live
actually in the church. which is a fine
old building dating from 1850. 1t was
originally monastery, but when
Queen Elizabeth came to visit there
she turned it into an almshouse. to
endure as long as almshouses exist
The old ladies' have two neat little
rooms each down the sides Of the
main church. with windows looking
out on the garden. They have each a
coal supply. a kitchen range, water
and gas. At one end Of the church
Is the chapel. where daily services arc
held. The choir stalls are beautifully
carved old oak. the original seats that
the monks used The church stands
in q quiet little square.
The Vinita daily chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1902-1913, 1907-01-14

Shakespeare was reading Mac
beth to a friend and had just finished
the lines:
Lay on Macdudi And damned be
he who first cries Hold! Enoughl'
"But why do you work IN that pro
fanlty7' asks the friend.
why" Shakespeare explains. with
a patient consideration Of the others
lack of prophetic insight "the day Is
coming when the only way to set q
laugh from the audience viii be to
have one Of the characters swear. and
surely want this play to have a few
comedy touches in Lille