The Greenville times. [volume] (Greenville, Miss.) 1868-1917, 1907-06-29
THE SYSTEM OF TILE DRAINAGE
AND IT'S USES
BY a. F. order, State Geoligist-

Under the new state drainage lax
a number of drainage districts have
been organized ii the Yazoo Delta
and in the eastern part OF the state
and others are IL process 81 forma-
ton, and lew words on this subject
may be 81 value al his time
Thee are two objects to be Oh
tanned in draining land. First, the
removal OF the surface water for the
Improvement Of sanitary conditions;
second. the preparation Of the soil
for efficient cultivation. In many
places the surface water can be re-
moved and sanitary conditions inn
proved without greatly improving the
soil for cuItivation while on the
other hand drainage that viii prepare
the soil Tor cultivation necessarily
bettcr5 the sanitary condition.
One OF the essential things in or
gaming a drainage district is to
make the district as large as posi-
BILE The size Of the district should
be determined by the natural water
shed Other conditions being equal
"A. large district can be drained at a
less cost per acre than smaller
one Many persons refuse to have
their land made part 81 a district
The benefits 10 be derived from judi
cial drainage Is nos apparent TO every
land owner Many do not realize that
it will increase the value Of wet
swampy.land TWO fold. and insure a
crop I'm the raniest season. On many
OF our semi-wct lands. which are
cultivated every year at loss to the
owner good drainage will increase
the yield from 10 to 100 per cent.
The drainage commissioners should
study the subject Of drainage so that
they can present It to the land owners
in convincing manner THE Clay
Workcr" published AT Indianapolis,
and "Prick." published at Chicago. de-
vote ca'stuu or more to the sub
ject of dram-gc each month. Every
drainage commissioner should have
copy of me Annual Report Of Irri-
cation aid Drainage Investigation for
1905" issued bv the United States
department Of agriculture This re-
port nqs made by Mr. c. G Elliott
engineer in charge Of drainage inves-
tiqatous, It can he obtained by writ
ing to Mr.. Elliott. United States de-
partmcnt Of agriculture. Washington
ID. c
Drainage Maps
Before any dirt should be moved
large scale map should be made Of
the district to be drained, and ac-
curate date obtained on which to base
the plans for the Improvement of tue
land The maps should show the eX-
tent Of the catchment area, the 10
cation Of ridges, swamps, old sloughs
river channels. etc
Ia addition to the base maps pro-
files should be made along the route
Of the proposed bitches
Main bitches
The main bitches should be deep
and wide enough to carry off all SUI
face water, and give an outlet to all
lateral bitches and drain tile. No
main ditch Trough level area
should be less than : or icet deep
in the sua11oWest place. The main
ditch must carry all the water OF the
entire district Drain tile should be
'1aid ; feet deep Drain tile 3 feet
deep cmptying into main ditch 81
feet deep Is etiectual only when the
water in the main ditch IS below that
IeNei. J. .oVis19h should be MADE Ior
neaNF rams WHeH the man qltch i
prom 'He-fhlra to one-haIf tuli. y
aeeP H"lto" ullSh IS petlef ds an out
''-- '"e tt'7i' q = olu 9ii'l'oW on
mas 9e 9I1He more eNPel,,.Ne
10 gig aeeP Qlteh Ihan d sHalloH
one; out me ultimate cost IS less.
SHALLOW ditch VIII not be satisfactory
~ t.e liFal4eG ia'la' ana eVerllual'y
the aitch VII nave - DC disposed OF.
Naiue OF Dralnage
IN ta"'ls where TIE drainage mas
peeh '5oled' crop produetlo'l9
nave beeh efeased from : 70 40
per cent ana sanitary eohdiilohs
greatly improved WofthIesS swamP9
ana coia' elany cTaW iish lands
nave 9eeh reclaLned ana transformers
ililo me most lei 'IIe HsIuS 0I W(,lV-
i ,l's - - Ia $50 - 'l,u ~ IN ny
ls l''l -, d i.. 60 law nav ~
PiaCSo "'tH peau'iu' noiiies anu con.
Iloq1eu9 pdiilS' alla tIie Value OF tng
ldIla is,SL e@seo - ON qioo - Pioo anu
=" -, an ,:..1.
oP@NS WIN pell 'iit ms - 10 ~
IioIe t'l@h el'tliilel "'e SONY ~ ms
advantages @eoi ulns iloaii 'iie ~ aiii
~se-
Mechanical Effects