The evening star and Newark advertiser. [volume] (Newark, N.J.) 1907-1908, 1907-09-23
PACKING INDUSTRY
CHICAGO FAR IN LEAD IN
MEAT TRADE.
Illinois slaughters and Packs Over One
third Of Meat in United States.
Ice and Salt Figures.

WASHINGTON, Sept. 23.-The Bureau
OF the Census has just published Bulletin
So, which contains exports on wholesale
slaughter and meat packing, manufactured
ice and salt. The number of wholesale
establishments engaged in s%laughtering
and meat packing during the calendar
year 1904 was 92s, and their combined capl-
tai was 1921, 714.69O. They furnished en-
ployment to 74,1S4 wage-earners paid s40.-
s26. 972 in wages, consumed materials cost
ing $sO5, $50, s69. and manufactured products
to the value of 1913, 914, 624.
Although forty-one States and Territories
contributed to these figures, the industry
was practically m~onopolized by the follow
ing fourteen States, named In the order of
value of products: Illinois, Kansas, New
York. Nebraska, Missouri, Massachusetts,
Pennsylvania, Iowa, Indiana, Ohio, Cali
fornia. Minnesota, New Jersey and Wis
consin. Illinois, by far the most important
! State, reported 73 per cent. of the estab-
lshments, 1919 per cent. of the capital, 1854
per cent. of the wage-earners, 36.1 per cent.
of the wages paid and SAT per cent, of the
product.
In each of six cities the value of
products reported was over S35, 600, 900.
Chicago, ILL.,, ranked first, with products
valued at $269, 5S1, 4Se. Kansas City, Kan,
was second; South Omaha, Neb., third;
New York Manhattan and Bronx Bor-
oughs), N. Y, fourth: st. Joseph (includ-
ing South St. Joseph, Mo-, fifth, and East
st. Louis, ILL.,, sixth. In East st. Louis
the product was valued at $50, 972, 245; in
St. Joseph at 2,075,1 16. and in Manhattan
and the Bronx at SAC, Az, 1874.
During the calendar year about 100000
beeves. 100000 sheep and 100000 hogs
were slaughtered for use In this industry.
The beeves cost about 289, 600, eco, the
sheep about $44,000,0 900, and the hogs about
$3.50, 000, 900. In addition, the establishments
slaughtered other animals to the value of
about $1S. 100000; they purchased. about $685.
000,0 900 worth of meat already dressed; and
paid about $72,000,00 for other materials,
including mill supplies and freight.
The leading product of the industry was
beef sold fresh, of which 3,74S, o55,S7
pounds were produced, valued at $247. 09G,-
724. Salt pork WINS the second product In
respect to quantity, slightly exceeding
hams, smoked bacon, sides and shoulders;
but the smoked products were of greater
aggregate value. Each of these products,
and also pork sold fresh and refined lard,
exceeded in quantity LOCO, 900 pounds. The
value varied from nearly S75,0O0, 900 for the
refined lard to over 1872, 1000 for the
smoked products.
ne HlduuIdCluTe " ice Is Il COlHpdTd-
lively new industry, and its growth has
been remarkable. In 1870 the industry had
hardly made a beginning. But in the
thirty-five years from 1870 to 1906 the num-
Der of establishments engaged primarily
in the manufacture of ice for sale in
creased from 4 to 1920; their combined
capital, from $434,000 to S66, 592, COL; the aver
age number of wage-earners, from 81 to
10, 101; the wages paid, from $4,000 TO S.
| kdQ 100. tho aOet Of mo fnrfule from $50 1E5
to s6,011. 325, and the value of products,
from $25S, $50 to 1913, $780, 45. These figures
show that the industry has now passed far
beyond the experimental stage.
1t has gained a foothold, in fact, in every
State and Territory except Maine, New
Hampshire, Vermont, Michigan. Mime
sofa, North Dakota, South Dakota, Mon
tana and Wyoming, all of which States
are well located for the production Of
natural ice. Even in these States, how
ever, although no establishments are en-
gagged primarily in tho manufacture of ice
for sale, the refrigeration process is used
In cold-storage warehouses.
The leading States according to the num-
Der of establishments were Texas, Penn
sylvania, Ohio, Indiana, Louisiana, New
York, California and Missouri. According
to the quantity of ice produced, however,
the leading States were Pennsylvania. New
York, Ohio. Texas, Missouri, California,
Louisiana, Indiana, Illinois and New Jer-
sey.
The establishments classified under the
heading Salt are those only in which
salt is the final product. At the census of
1905 they numbered LAG. and had a COM
bined capital of $25, 5Se, 282. They employed.
on the average, 1856 wage-earners, paid
81, 1865, 1893 In wages, consumed material cost
ing &.166, 1877, and manufactured products
valued at $s,437,e62.