davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Los Angeles herald., 1907-09-15

coast the money shells are fastened together
in strings that contain from forty to one hun,
dred each. but in the interior they are doled
out one by one. the native closely watching
them as they change hands.
Barth, the traveller, mentions that IN Mum,
yona the kings revenue was reckoned al
thirty million shells, and such was the grind
ing taxation imposed upon his subjects, by
the monarch, that every man was forced to
nav annually one thousand shells for him
self and like amount for every slave IN his
possession. You can buy more in the heart
of the Dark Continent with few cowries
than with handful of gold. =,
In the Soudan there is scarcely any other
kind of money 1t requires two thousand
cowrie- shells to weigh seven pounds, and their
value is but one dollar.
In the Sandwich Islands shell-money has
long been in use. There the finer the cow
rie the higher its value, and the finest cannot
be INDUCED in by any person but chIef;
The shell is used as money, both strung and
unstrung.
In some localities so many cowries on a
string have a certain value above the same
one of the pierced coins Of the Chinese; but
with their soft tints and glowing colors when
polished, they are far more beautiful.
The famous wampum of the North Ameri-
can Indians was their currency, or she'll
money. 1t differed from the cowrie-money
of Africa and India, because it required a
good deal more skill to render it useful as
means of exchange. The Indians wampum
was beads made from shells. Its value, like
that of the cowrie in many countries today,
was determined by the color of the beads.
Wampum was manufactured from the dark
purple shells of the mussel, which abound on
Los Angeles herald., 1907-09-15

The wells too, are often filled up by tb|
sand, and if the suffering people mahage I
last to reach such spots, they haye soma
times not sufficient strength to dig out thi
sand, and then to wait while theS precior'
fluid slowly trickles in.
AS for the harmattan, which generalt
blows from the east, out upon the Atlant1
from the Great Desert. it is wonderful hoI
far its effects are felt-not as to strength
for the hot air seems to rise into upper RI
gions, but because it carries fine dust {
far.
was once on board vessel which was 8
sea, between the Canary and Cape 'Vegd
Islands, and at least one hundred and tweI
ty miles from the coast of the Desert, whe3
with a light easterly breeze, the decks am.
rigging were fairly powdered with "a fine
reddish dust, which must have come fro1l
the source we have mentioned
1t is remarkable thing that the smell d
vegetation, and of the earth itself, is. undf
wind much farther than people who hag
not experienced i would suppose.
The writer recalls that once, on approach
ing the coast of Java. after. having beei
seventytwo days at sea without sight 4
land, a gentle evening land breeze brougH
off to us the grateful odor of fowerir
shrubs and of the damp earth at a distanS
of six or eight miles.
Dogs, and other animals which have bee
on board ship during long passages, oftS
become excited, and look and sniff in tE
direction of land which is not far off befQ
it can be made out by human eyes, oftH
anxiously watching for it.
Los Angeles herald., 1907-09-15

On the beach, to the south of the bay. the
water washed them up upon the sand In
great wind-rows, extending for miles, and
birds, pigs and even dogs could plainly be
seen gorging themselves upon the insects,
without apparently reducing the quantity.
We know that in Africa and Arabia, as
well as other parts of the world, the natives
consider the locust rather delicacy, after
they are toasted upon the fire, which en-
ables them to strip off the wings and legs;
and, when we come to consider the matter,
there seems to be no reason why locusts
should not be good eating, when so cooked
They are clean feeders-much more SO
than shrimps or crabs, which people eat 80
readily, and which are regular scavengers,
eating any garbage or dead thing they may
find in the waters they inhabit.
The sirocco is called Khamsin in Egypt,
SIMEON in Syria and Arabia, and harmat-
tan on the west African coast. In very
sandy parts of the Great Desert the sirocco
is frightfully destructive to the lives of men
or animals who may be caught in it.
A caravan of men and camels can, In
such a case, do nothing but crouch down,
the human beings covering their faces with
their garments, and the quadrupeds endeav-
oring to hide their nostrils, so as to avoid
inhaling the heated dust often with poor
success.
Not the worst part of it is that the dry,
hot wind causes the scant supply Of water
to be sooner exhausted, either by rapid
evaporation or by cracking the vessels of
skin in which this necessary of life is car
ried by such people.
Los Angeles herald., 1907-09-15
Coon Hun1in9 u ye 01den Tine

night when I was 1ashed in the rigging of a
wrecked schooner, with the ice-cold waters
of Lake Michigan breaking over me.
AT last, just as the first gray streaks of
dawn appeared in the -east. / heard Tom
coming; and when he placed the trusty rife
IN my hands, l felt, for the first time, that l
was master of the situation. u
Yet we delayed for awhile, as the mixed
hight OF the fiickering fire and advancing day
was too uncertain to shoot by, and / knew
enough of the cat tribe to take every pre-
caution that my first bullet should kill our
formidable foe stone dead
Half an hour of anxious suspense follow
ed; the rising sun dispelled the deep gloom of
the forest, and the crouching panther began
to stir little.
His launches were slightly drawn up. his
hind claws nervously tore the bark under
him, and he was evidently preparing either
for attack or escape.
There was not another moment to lose
and, slowly raising my long rifle, took care,
full aim at spot just below, and little in
front of, his ear, and touched the trigger.
A sharp report, raising of the hair along
his back, a strong shudder of the whole
body, a sudden dropping of his head, a gen
eral relaxing of the muscles, and then. ioos.
ing his hold of the limb, the panther came
tumbling to the ground, dead as Julius
Caesar, while two boys and half-crazy dog
awoke the echoes with their mingled shouts
and howls of triumph
Los Angeles herald., 1907-09-15

our west coasts, and in the course of time,
as the tribes traded with one another, the
shells found their way all over the country.
The most common clam of the southern
shores of New England is the Venus mepen-
aria, called in the Boston markets "quahog.' -
This shell often has an interior purple edge,
the rest being of whitish hue.
The Indians of New England made black
money from the colored portion, and white
money" from the other part. They. called
the black beads "suckanhoc," or black mon
ney. and the white ones 'wampum,' or white
money.
The dark shells had twice the value of the
white as currency, and, in consequence, were
more sought after. In the course of time
shell money became medium between whites
and Indians, and the humble salary of many
a Puritan minister was paid in waInpum.
According to Governor Winthrop, the value
of wampum, or shell-money, was three to a
penny. The island of Conanicut, in Narra-
ganset Bay, was sold to Coddington and
others, in 1857, for one hundred pounds in
wampum. Before that date Connecticut re-
ceived wampum in payment of taxes. and
Massachusetts made the shells legal tender
at six a penny.
in those days. Everybody was his own
money-maker. The Indian villages turned
out thousands of shell coins; men, women
and children were busy at all hours making
the money which seemed to have superseded
shillings and pence.
By-and-by the whites took hand at
money making They had better tools than
the Indians, but they did not bestow upon
their work that care which had given to the
wampum bead much Of its value, conse-
quently this odd currency deteriorated.
Los Angeles herald., 1907-09-15

Why the burghers of ''New Amsterdam
eager to get rich suddenly, flooded their PAL
of the country with wampum of their ow'
make. Nearly every house became mint, &
to speak, but the experience did not las
They attempted to widen their money -markt
by carrying the shells to New England, BID
they found the Puritans well supplied, .aF5
they were soon poor. with heaps of sheg
money on hand. To such an extent did tt
whites carry on the manufacture of wampul
that both Massachusetts, and Connecticp
finished wampum."
Such was shell-money in the early days /,
the eastern colonies. On the west coasl
shells were used as money long before tn
arrival of the first white man. j
The wampum of the Pacihc was mad
from tusk-shells, which are still found
enormous quantities .on Vancouvers IslanX
The "hi-a-qua," or tusk-shell, was strung n
the squaws, who did their work well, ap.
the value of the shells depended on tt.
length of the string. As late as 1910 the
were the circulating medium of the VancQi
yer country. n
1t is amusing to read that there were shey
money aristocrats among the several tribe
The maiden whose father was the proud Pr
SCISSOR of few strings of beads, or tu9.
shells, was the envied belle of the villak
and the suitor who expected success with Il
courtship was expected to be rich in tuS
shells
Of late years shell-money has disappeara
from the financial markets of our ovf
country, but in Africa, India and other lan&
it remains one of the great purchasing poy
ers. and nothing but persistent intercouri
with civilized people will ever cause it
disappear
Los Angeles herald., 1907-09-15
Funny Fellows
for a Little Laugh

First Boy-".Let's put our money togetheG
and go to the circus"
Second Boy-"All right. How much hay1
you got?"
you"
Second Boy-"Same as you. 1 say, let,
crawl under the tent.
-Ben-"My fathers been to Europe and
Tim-"He don't want to 60, and neither dI,
/. I've seen all / want of Europe"
Ben lin surprise) )-"When did you see Eul
roper
Tim-"In the geography
"A cheap substitute.-Wi Wife-"WeI. what do
you think Johnny wants now?'
Husband-"Yve no idea" 4
Wife-"He wants me to tease you into buy,
ing him bicycle"
Husband (who has tried bicycling himself)-/
'.Nonsense! He can't have one Tell him
go up into the attic and fall down two fiehf
of stairs. 1t will be about the same t6incl
and save me hundred dollars"
First young lady examining directory IN,
drug storelm,'I, cannot find the name in thi7
Second young lady -"Nos What shall we
First young lady-'Let us go to another
drug store and examine their directory"
Father -'Didn't l tell you would whip
you if l caught you in the water again?"
Son--"Yes, sir; and that's the reason / hurl
ried out when l saw YOU coming"
Los Angeles herald., 1907-09-15
CONTINUED FROM PAGE FIVE

heart almost ceased to beat, as, stretching out
fiat almost motionless on the projecting limb,
l saw the dusky body and great head of an
enormous panther, or catamount, as the
country hunters call it.
/ could scarcely believe my eyes-not one
of these dangerous animals having been
killed OF seen in the neighborbood for years
but there was no mistake about it.
The leaping flames shone upon the 1.-THE
form and cruel green eyes of veritable
painter" and, although little awe-stricken
at our unexpected find, we were two happy
boys, for was not the government bounty
twenty dollars, the hide of the beast worth
an equal sum, and the glory to be gained by
its capture something unreasonable by dol
lars and cents?
We didn't exactly attempt to cut down the
tree this time-not much; but l sent Tom
off home post haste for my rifle and ammu-
milton, giving him strict charge to wake up
no one and, as he valued his life, not to let a
soul know of our good luck.
While my comrade was gone. | kept up
a big fire and took precious good care that
Carlo and myself were always beyond the
reach of any possible spring the watchful
but yet motionless beast might make.
Only once in my life have l thought any
two hours 50 long as those which passed
while / stood guard over that panther and
waited for Tom-the "once' being fearful
Los Angeles herald., 1907-09-15
The Buck of
Broken Bend
CONTINUED FROM PAGE -FOUR

ousted because the hound had followed the
Runway to the stream, but with no deer.
The boy was feeling hopeless, and was be-
ginning to believe in Grandmother Iafoun-
fain's fancies, when he was again made alert
hv the report of Antoine's rifle.
AS he glanced up the river from where
came the noise of the discharge, the buck
dashed into sight around the rivers curve.
Pierre was hidden by the bushes, and he
waited until the deer reached point, In, the
channel lust opposite him before he fred
The musket was very heavily loaded, and
from the recoi and binding smoke. When he
did, he saw the dead buck. floating in one OF
the tranquil pools in the rivers channel.
Antoine now came In sight, and the two
bows dragged the deer to the bank Antoine
FASTENED to the camp, and returned with a
horse and sled, with which to carry their
prize to the shanty.
No larger deer was ever seen in that re-
zion. and the great antlers were so especially
Sne that Pierre had no trouble, during
The next summer, in disposing of them to a
The story of the "Buck of Broken Bend"
and his capture was long. told, to the great
satisfaction of Pierre and Antoine, but the
reputation for wisdom of Grandmother La
fountain was much damaged.
When the buck was brought to the lumber
camp, Jules was greatly moved.
"I am sorry" he exclaimed "that you did
not let me know what you were going to do,
for should liked to have been with you. For
], too had intended to guard the runway in
the woods, and not upon the river!"
Los Angeles herald., 1907-09-15

money-cowrie in use. not only in other lands,
but in our own.
The money-cowrie is the shell known as the
,'cyprooe moneta." 1t is about half an inch in
length, and is found along the sea shore in
shallow water. 1t belongs to the cypolida,
family of mollusks, and for hundreds of
years has figured as money in various coun-
tries.
The true home of the cowrie is the Indian
Ocean, where it is found in great quantities;
but it is to be gathered among the Maldive
Islands, along the Malabar coast and in the
crystal waters of Borneo. 1t exists in some
parts of Africa, and annually furnishes large
numbersl for export trade.
The cowrie-shell is used as money in Siam,
where it takes six thousand pieces to equal a
shilling.
Thousands of tons Of cowries are brought
yearly to England and are afterward export
ed for barter with the warlike tribes of
Africa. No African explorer sets out from
Zanzibar without many pounds of cowrie-
money. Not only this, but he must be par
ticular what kinds he takes, for one tribe
will not accept shells of certain color, while
the very next nation visited might refuse to
look at any but those rejected by their
neighbors.
Stanley and his forerunners speak of the
trouble encountered when it came to select
ing their supply of shellmoney for the dark
tribes of Africa.
In the lands that border on the African
Los Angeles herald., 1907-09-15

blight, or shallow bay, of the Barbary
coast.
1t was the month of June, and already
very hot, with light, variable winds.
Suddenly, in the night, the wind came out
from the southwark and eastward, blowing
in strong blasts of from five to fifteen min
utes' duration, when the air seemed as dry
and parching as if it had come from fiery
furnace.
1t did. indeed, come from the far interior
of the Dark Continent, where it had been
heated by the fierce sun, reflected from the
arid soil and rocks, which no rain had cool
ed for months.
This most disagreeable wind was the 81
rocco, so much dreaded in those parts. not
only for its disagreeable effect upon man and
beast, but upon the products of the soil, for
all vegetation seems to suffer from it, even
when there is irrigation.
The sirocco we speak of was short one,
and lasted only about twenty-four hours;
but sometimes they continue for many days,
and the town Arabs, as well as foreign resi-
dents, who have thick walled houses, gener-
ally shut themselves up as much as possible
during its continuance in the lowest and
darkest rooms, while servants are kept busy
sprinkling water upon the tiled floors and
Los Angeles herald., 1907-09-15

the countless thousands who ham
die the dollars that come shining
from the different mints, very few
think of any other sort of money,
and know little or nothing of the
Los Angeles herald., 1907-09-15
Copyright by James Eiverson.,

ONE years ago the writer hap
pened to be on board ship which
was lying in the harbor of Algiers,
a port which is formed by an
artificial breakwater, projected
some distance into the water OF
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1907-02-15
800 Reward, 800.

The readers of this paper will be
pleased to learn that there is at least one
dreaded disease that science has been
able TO cure in all its stages, and that is
catarrh. Halls Catarrh Cure is the on
ly positive cure now known to the medi
cal fraternity. Catarrh being a consti-
tutional disease, requires a constitutional
treatment. Halls Catarrh Cure is taken
internally, acting directly uron the
blood and mucous surfaces of the sys-
TEN, thereby destroying the foundation
of the disease, and giving the patient
strength by building up the constitution
and assisting nature in doing its work.
The proprietors have so much faith in its
curative powers that they offer One
Hundred Dollars for any case that it fails
to cure Send for list of testimonials.
Address r. j. CHENEY 81 CO. Tole.
do, o.
Sold by all Druggists, 75c.
Take Halls family Pills for coustipa.
ton,
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1907-02-15
Malta wan.

Mrs. Bowen is some better at
this writing.
Mrs Ella Hill spent Sunday
with Grace Harwick.
Mr.. and Mrs. Ed. Bailey visit
ed at Gobleville Sunday.
Mrs. Merl Austin's friends will
be glad to hear she is better.
Mr.. and Mrs. Murl are the
happy parents of baby girl,
born February 4.
Mrs. DR.. LaPeer received
word Friday that her aunt, Mrs.
Phillips, of Kalamazoo died very
suddenly.
Mrs. Arvilla Wood and daugh
ter, Mrs Nora Munson, have
gone to Yorkville to visit Fred
Wood and family.
Rev. G. w. Park, returned
missionary from India, will
speak in the Methodist church
Sunday morning at 1000 o'clock.
Mrs. DR.. Coleman was called
to Bloomingdale Wednesday by
the illness Of her mother. Mrs.
Stills. She returned Saturday,
leaving her mother much better
Miss Ethel Newkirk gave a
farewell reception to Miss Matte
Hastings last week. Refresh
menus we're served. The guests
pronounced Ethel an ideal enter
tainer.
The three Epworth League
chapters of the Mattawan charge,
including Mattawan, Almena
and West Oshtemo, will unite in
a rally to be held in the Metho-
dist church at Mattawan, Feb.
ruary %, beginning at 1000
o'clock. The following speakers
will be present: Rev c. G..
StanselI, district president; Rev.
Quinton Walker of Lawrence and
A. w. Mumford of Paw Paw.
Members of neighborimg chap
ters are invited to join us.
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1907-02-15
WORKS WONDERS.
A Wonderful Cures
Piles, Eczema, Skin Itching.
Skin Eruptions, Outs and
Bruises.

Doan's Ointment is the best
skin treatment, and the cheapest
because so little is required to
cure. 1t cures piles after years
of torture. 1t cures obstinate
cases Of eczema. 1t cures all
skin itching. 1t cures skin erup-
tions, 1t heals cuts, bruises,
scratches and abrasions without
leaving a scar 1t cures perma-
nently. Paw Paw testimony
proves it.
Henry F.. Sage. living at N.
Gremps street, Paw Paw, says:
II suffered for years from itch
ing piles despite the use of many
remedies and | was unable to
find anything that would give me
relief. | finally read an adver-
tisement Of Doan's Ointment and
procured a box for myself, |
felt greatly relieved at the first
application and continued apply
ing it until every symptom of the
the trouble vanished" From
statement given Nov. 81, 1901. !
PERMANENT CURE.
On Nov. 2, 1906, Mr.. Sage con-
frmed above statement, saying:
Il have never suffered the slight
est itching since | gave the state
ment recommending d n S
Ointment in 1901. | feel it my
duty to recommend such RENE
dy to every sufferer,
For sale by all dealers, price
so cents Foster Milburn Co.,
Buffalo, n. Y, sole agents for the
United States,
Remember the name Doan S
and take no substitute.
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1907-02-15
Jeshurun Still Kicking

A bill has been introduced in the
Michigan legislature making it a mis-
demeanor for any person not member
OF the order to wear the three links, the
emblem of Oddfellowship. with the in
tention, it is reported, Of extending such
legislation to other secret societies
There is already a law on the statute
books prohibiting any person not mem
Der of the Grand Army of the Republic,
the Loyal Legion of the United States
or the United Spanish War Veterans
from wearing the badge of either of those
organizations under penalty of fine or
Imprisonment, or both, in the discretion
OF the court.
The writer of this article is member
of both the G.. A. Il. and the |. o. . f.,
and in his opinion such legislation would
better be omitted. II any person cares
To wear an emblem to which he is not
entitled, he only shows his lack of good
sense, and exposes himself to ridicue
without any special barn being done to
any body else. The mere wearing of an
emblem enables no person to pass him
self as a member of an order to which
he does not belong. All secret societies
have sureT tests of membership than
tho display of a button, pin or other
badge The matter is entirely too trivial
to engage she attention of the people of
the state Of Michigan at the hands of
the able and honorable representatives
and senators who have been chosen to
enact their laws.
Gentlemen legislators, it were better
to repeal the laws already on the statute
books along this line than to enlarge
their scope by adding other societies to
the list.
JEsHURUN.
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1907-02-15
Should Not Feel SO Rich.
If a man only felt broke oftener he
would not be broke so often
A Statement Corrected.

A statement having been circulated
that the home Office of the National Pro
tective Legion was not at Waverly, N
Y , and to ascertain the truth of the
an interested member wrote
the postmaster at Waverly. Following
is the reply:
Waverly, n. Y Jan. 80, '07
Dear Madam:
Replying to yours of tue 10Th inst
The National Protective association Is
in Waverly They have fine, large build
ings, printing Office, etc. here. Several
thousand letters a week pass through
this Office to and from them. Their
mail goes into a number Of states, do
not know how many. They issue pa
per callt THE Light of the Legion,
issuing over 100000 copies of each mum
Der. carry a certificate in the associa.
ton and my wife carries two certificates
Respectfully yours,
GEORGE ID. GENUNG, p. NJ.