The farmer and mechanic., 1907-09-03

. raised in this state, which has many
advantages not enjoyed By otnsF1
sandy soil In the east. clay saia N fhe
center. q fruit growing al stoSS
growing country - the ssesF~ While %
the eastern eoas; - the FISH and %
ter industry. In minerals. sarh ss ins-
ca and kAoIin we have much ard CO.
bal, os great value has been found
He showed next that With B. these
advantages people had &est fhe state.
but this wac years ago. when tnc best
methods were not known. while aow
IL - the second leading agricultural
STATE. the second manufacturing state
IN the Union. @~@re Improved meta
DDS. brought hy education has aided
ed ir solving the problem 81 tbs farm
ers. The farmers awakening -
the needs ~ better opp t4nsttes Tor
themselves and children h&ve brought
about this increase IN education. o-ser
sixteen rural libraries and over two
hundred :. supplemental Libraries. show
ing that reading ls going on 8mougs
old and Young IN the country In
agriculture there has -een a great In
crease. for the farmers are learning <
more scientific methods. making more
10 the acre. bringing prosperity and
wealth. Ten million dollars q money
spent in fartlliZers shows that sctentif-
ic use OF this must be going on. our
cotton seed IS bringing u nitrogen.
and and saving millions n dollars.
which before went abroad We are
learnin~ how 10 use scientific success
sion OF crops and scicntiic handling
OF the soil He urged the yalue of
nitrogen making crops, the COW pea
being declared the great friend Of the
North Carolina farmers Progress n
the use or machinery was told and
the use on the farm OF the most i'm
rirpypG kinds was urged
Industrially educationally and in
agriculture ne declared the state ad-
vancing and taking high place, but to
still further advance in agriculture
was his plea, this 10 come by having
fuller education as 10 farming meth
ods. He told OF the value 70 the
farmers OF the transportation facili-
cities of North Carolina. declaring no
State has any better, and that East
ern North Carolina is 10 become the
great trucking centre Of the country.
that with the berry crop the melon
crop and the fruit crop the outlook Is
bright, and that as our people are bet
ter educated the State viii make prog
ress in good roads. telephones, rural
routes. better furnished school hous-
es and homes all essentials To the
greatet development Of the State and
the elevation of the people.
Bafore closing his remarks Col
OneI GRIMES referred To the
need of cheap transportation or
articles to the people, and declar-
ing that the express companies rates
were less on packages aboxe four
pounds than the United states post
office rate he declared in favor of the
government giving parcels post rate
that would enable the farmers and
the people generally II get articles
through the mails at a rate that would
not be excessive. His closing appeal
to the farmers was for union and or
ganization, that the only folks not or
ganized were the crazy ones and the
farmers, but that in the next fifteen
years there would be the greatest ad-
vance along agricultural lines.
Prof. Carlyle Called In.
Here President Horne said he would
depart from the program and call for
VOl unteer speakers. No one respond
ed and then President Horne named
Prof. j. b. Carlyle, who came forward
and with a happy anecdote began an
earnest talk urging that not alone
there be intensive farming, but exten-
sive farming, that the farmers broad
en- out in other things made possible
by the advancement of the ages,
pleading for the home of the farmers,
his wife and son and daughter. that
these should have the best to be had.
AS a man moving much over the State
he saw great development, and the
State going ahead along the best lines
in this good era. At your home agi-
tate among yourselves the best that
can be had for the farm life and this
Will mean the best for the State.
Propagation of Tree Fruits.
Mr.. F. c. Reimer, assistant profess
sor Ct Horticulture of the a. and NJ.
College, was the next speaker, and
he made a most interesting talk on
the propagation Of tree fruits He
said that he found a need for more
fruit trees in North Carolina, and that
there should be no farm which has
not on it fruit trees, that in the vicin-
ity of Raleigh he had found farms
with one scrawny apple tree, or peach
tree, or grape vine or two. care
should be taken to get suitable fruit
trees, and it would De we'll to re-
member that some fruit tree agents
charge prices five times too mucn
Then he did a practical thing that
attracted more attention than had all
the speeches. He grated on the
branches of an apple tree. about eight
feet high CT poor variety, branches
from another fruit tree of a fine va
riety showing how on one poor va
riety apple tree there can be grated
branches of other varieties which viii
produce the good fruit, cases being in
existence where a hundred varieties
of apples grow on one tree, or one
tree produces apples at different sea-
sons of the year. Prof. Reimer not
alone showed how to graft but ex-
hiblted before the audience growing
gratis on trees made one and two +
years ago. This Wa3 IL most interest
ing feature of the afternoon and many
practical questions We're asked and f
answered. there being really q val
liable discussion on grating and the
results, different methods being Illus
trat2d by Prof. Reimer who used also
on pecans and fig trees in IL
lustrating talk that was practical
throughout and aroused the keenest
This closed the afternoon session and {
at association adjourned until eight
o o'clock at night when ne session was
resumed.