davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1907-11-05
WHARFAGE CHARGES REGULATED
Georgia Railroad Commission Takes New
Step in Protecting Cotton Deliveries

Atlanta. Nov. 4.-Anticipatng a 100 per cent in
crease in the terminal charges at Savannah for
handling shipside delivery cotton. the State Rail
road Commission issued order to-day which
will only prevent this increase but which also
by it's general terms prohibits any change in
charges by any wharf terminal company in
the state without the consent of the state commits
sion.
To-day's order is practically the first by the
state commission regulating wharfage charges.
New-York tribune., 1907-11-05
A HEAVY VOTE IN PHILIPPINES.
Two Hundred Thousand Ballots Expected
Mr.. Taft Entertained.

Manila Nov. 4,-Registration for the general
election is the largest In the history OF the Philip
pines II is expected that fully two hundred thou
sand voters will go the polls and their votes
Governors, members of the provincial boards and
municipal officers will be elected. The campaign
has been quiet.
Secretary Taft took part yesterday in the dedica-
tion of the Presbyterian church. He spent to-day
receiving visitors, and entertained tonight
at the navy yard at Cavite. Tomorrow he will
inspect Mana's new waterworks.
New-York tribune., 1907-11-05
NO DOUBT IN MISSISSIPPI.

Jackson. Miss, Nov. 4-To-morrow's election will
ioio" picturesque struggle for Governor which
egaa q year ego and which was really decided
fee months ago at the Democratic primaries
-"o primaries were necessary. z. r. Noel winning
Ihe prospects that less than half of the normal
vote Will be polIed
New-York tribune., 1907-11-05
DAYLIGHT HoLD-UP IN PITTssuRe.

IBy Telegraph The Tribune.l
Pittsburg. Nov. 4.-Naggie Crow, stenOgrapher
for the Philadelphia Company while passing out OF
the offices OF the company this afternoon. at
tackled by two and robbed OF a diamond ring
and brooch. Policemen gave chase and arrested
III. ". Van Ness and William Monk. OF Newark
N J. The jewels were found the men. who had
employed conductors by the Pittsburg Street
Railways Company
New-York tribune., 1907-11-05
INVESTIGATING NAVY YARo oEArH.

The coroners' office began investigation yes
terday into the death of Edward T. Wyman. OF
YOnkers. at the Brooklyn Navy Yard Saturday.
ship Louisiana while leaving the vessel with his
wife and daughter. after visiting friends. As he
turned 20 bid farewell TO his friends he stumbled
against a rope and fell 10 his death. Dr. Warner.
New-York tribune., 1907-11-05
DECISION AGAINST J. F. DARLING
His Name Will Not Be in the Republican
Column

In decision handed down yesterday in the su-
preme Court Justice Fitzgerald denied the appca-
uon Of Joseph F. Darling for a reargumeut of his
application for writ OF peremptory mandamus
directed 10 the Board of Elections to place his
name In the Republican column Of the official bal
lot as a candidate for Municipal Court Justice in
the 4th Municipal Court District. The convention
which nominated Mr.. Darling was late in present
ing his certificate Of nomination TO the Board OF
Elections
Justice Fitzgerald in his decision. said:
This is an application for the reargunent Of a
Inouon heard and determined Special Term
rom an order entered appeal taken 10 the
appellate Division of the court and the order of
me special term affirmed. and upon further
appeal TO the Court of Appeals the affirmant by
tne Appellate Division upheld.
- ne present application should have been made
70 tne Appellate Division, which should GER
Ialnly order a reargument If good reasons were
presented therefor Application denied.
Horace r. Parker chairman of the Republican
IA" committee. said last night that while there
would be no name OF candidate for justice in the
9Th Municipal Court District on the Republican
ticket. Republicans who desired TO vote a straight
republican ticket would be able 10 vote for Mr.
Earring by putting cross before his name in the
independence League column, the league having
Med Mr. Darling's nomination in time 10 have Il
90 regularly upon fits ballot.
New-York tribune., 1907-11-05
BAN ON eoNFIREs TONIGHT.

rHe Commissioner Lantry sent an order 10 Fire
Snef Croker yesterday to extinguish every bon
,no as soon as # is started tonight The Police
80, paftinent wiil have patrol wagon ready at
- slanon house TO carry hose and hremen
~ho VIII be driven TO where the street fires ara
started ~ -'
New-York tribune., 1907-11-05
HIGH PRICES FOR AMERICANA.

London Nov. 4-The remarkable value set on
early books concerning America by collectors was
instanced at the sale to-day at Sothebys, of Lord
Sheffield's library small thirteen-leaf pamphlet.
entitled "A Brief Description OF New York, pub
lished in 1910. sold for the sensational amount
Of 81 75O
New-York tribune., 1907-11-05
JAPANESE MINISTER'S MADE sARoNs.

Toxic. Nov. f-kogoro Takahira. Minister to
Italy; NJ. Uchida. Minister Vienna NJ Hayash
Minister at Pekng and Nobuaki Maxine, Minister
of Education at Toxic have been created barons by
an edict issued BY the Emperor to-day.
New-York tribune., 1907-11-05
MASONIC SECRETARY DEAD.

Washington. Nov. 4.-Frederick Webber secretary
general of the Supreme Council of the Scottish
Rite Masons, Southern jurisdiction, died at his
residence in this city tonight. He a thirty
third degree Mason His body will be taken TO
Louisville for burial
New-York tribune., 1907-11-05
COAL SHIPMENT MAY AFFECT VOTE

F1ttsburg. Nov. 4.-Rises in the rivers made IL
possible 70 ship over 10000 bushels OF coal from
mere TO Southern points to-day. Another large ship
inent VIII be made tomorrow. Election Day, and
may affect the size Of the vote cast workmen being
occupied
New-York tribune., 1907-11-05
RUSSIA BUILDING pEsTRoYERs.

Odessa Nov. 4-The Ministry of Marine to-day
ordered the construction at the Nicolaieh dock
yards of ten large destrOyers. The total is
be $4,000. 600 and they TO be completed within
three wears
New-York tribune., 1907-11-05
SENATOR PLATT IN owEeo TO VOTE.

Owego n. Y. Nov. 4.-United States Senator
Thomas c. Platt has arrived here and will remain
over TO cast his vote in to-morrow's election.
New-York tribune., 1907-11-05
THIRTEEN MINERS FALL $50 FEET.

Liege Nov. 4-The cage in a shaft of colery
at Collard fell $50 feet to-day. killing maimng
fits thirteen occupants.
New-York tribune., 1907-11-05
n TARIFF VAR FEARED.
French 4dUices Indicate No 4grec-
ment 7c1th 1mcTic0.

Paris, Nov 4-Present indications point TO an
early tariff war between France and the United
States. The negotiations opened last summer
for an arrangement on basis giving France the
benefit of a 20 per cent reduction on wines in
return for preferential rates on a list of about
one hundred articles have thus far been barren
of results, and the action Of the French govern
ment on Saturday in virtually promising not 10
conclude any further commercial arrangements
until parliament has passed on the proposed
vision of the tariff of 1892 seems 10 preclude
any chance OF agreement. II is true that last
week. before the government made it's promise.
a reluctant assent was given TO extension OF
the decree granting the minimum rates to Porto
Rican coffee until December / While the ex-
tension nominally keeps the issue open for an
other month. il is practically certain that moth
ing will be accomplished unless the United
States radically changes its attitude. France
having regarded the concessions asked utter
ly disproportonate to what was offered. If the
Porto Rican coffee decree is withdrawn
December /, as now seems likely. the United
States is expected TO retaliate.
New-York tribune., 1907-11-05

HOSIERY FOR MEN. WOMEN AND CHILDREN
OFFERED BELOW PREVAILING PRICES
TOMORROW CWEDNESDAYO NOV 9th.
CIILDRENs BLACK RIBBED COTTON HOSE
PAIRS S1I0
MEMS EMBROIDERED BLACK Isle THREAD
AND PLAIN BLACK COTTON HAFHosE- j.,
25c PER PAIR PAIRS. Sl.35
WOMENS PLAIN AND EMBROIDERED Isle THREAD HOSE. /
35c PER PAIR PAIRS Si.o0
wOMENs PLAIN SILK HOSE WITH COTTON soLEs
SIIO PER PAIR PAIRS. $3.50
WONENS BLACK EMBROIDERED HOSE,
S175 PER PER BOX OF THREE PAIRS. S4S5
s4tb Street, ssb Street and stb Hvsnue, nsw York
New-York tribune., 1907-11-05

Washington. Nov. with the exception Of
the notification by the French government Of
the extension Of the decree extending to Decem-
ber the minimum rates TO Porto Rican coffee
no recent representations have been made by
France TO this government bearing upon the
negotiations opened last summer for a
mercial agreement between the two countries
whereby tariff concessions were to be made on
both sides The negotiations begun at that
time were suspended during the warm season.
during which Ambassador Jusserand visited his
home in France and consulted the officials there.
Now that he has returned and Secretary Root.
who with Assistant Secretary Bacon, has been
conducting the negotiations on behalf of the
State Department, is home from Mexico. 1t is
expected that the matter will again be brought
up for consideration.
New-York tribune., 1907-11-05
WOMENS NECKWEAR

REAL LACE AND HAND-EMBROIDERED NECKWEAR. FOR
SEMIDRESs WEAR TAILOR COSTUMES
CHIFFON CREPE DE CHINE AND LACE SCARFS.
AT A SPECIAL SALE TOMORROW CWEDNEsDAY) NOV OH
WILL OFFERED
MARABOU BOAS. NATURAL COLOR AND BLACK
IS INCHES LONG AT $500 EACH
The Alaska prospector., 1907-11-21

Bianer Stevens received a letter
from Howard Reynolds on the steamei
Yucatan. in Which the writer states
hat at ii meeting 6 the creditors OF
he Alaska Home railway in Seattle,
he prOpo>ei bond issue was explained
a length by Frank +. Ionngs, W. II
Reed aud himself Without dis
.enting voice the creditors agreed to
AXE bonds in exchange for their
claims. lie creditors, leading bust
ue-- men of Seattle, said they wanted
to see the Alaska Home railway com
ylesed aid wuu:d do ali iii their powe,
o assist lii lie matter. Mr.. Reynolds
vrl e. ii the people of Valdez who
nave claims against the company
wcQld do d. the Seattle merchants had
lone. the road would be completed, a.
advice, received from Bos on are to
he effect that If the Indebtedness l.
taken care Of funds sufficient 70 con-
stluct the road will be Forthcoming.
The Alaska prospector., 1907-11-21

1t is propos ed to lay nice comPn'
ment 10 Peter Mon an, the d!scoveFer
of goi OH Val dez creek. upou his arrlV
al ii Va !deZ. about two weeks hence.
11a:er of public-s piritej citizens
II. .kr:g be initiative III arranging
tor Il swell bal Quet in bis honor, ana
tiready over SIuJ ha~ been raised FOL
hat purpose Every body Is invlted Il
Iariic!late IN tins affair, and anyohe
uesiIilg to contribute aud thereo!
-rt,re 4 ticket to the Junction, Ma!
- 90 " cailIig on IL Z. Suessdorf.
sho has the Subscription paper
Peter MouaiIan belongs 10 That spien
si!d type Of Aii-kiu pfoSre;tore
no p.ss.Ss the essential element:
.tdt make fJr success Ia their voca'io'
--euer.y. bravery aud pei severance
IL pei4;tu TIE head OF tie Substitute
ircr three years ago. and after pros
pectIng ii llttle while. set his stakes
on Valdez creek, named after this
town He had faith hat the creek con-
tanned gold III raging quantities.
Others came. saW-and stampeded oh
to other .ec ION. Monahan continued
his work Two winters he passed III
that lonely country, with OILY faith
ful ladan man for company. AT last
he !3and the g-sought paystieak,
and = recent arrival from there Il
authority for the statement that II Il
the greatest paystreak yet found III
Alaska
Tie value. in dollars and cents, to
Valdez of this discovery canuot be
Estimated. This Is the logical gateway
to that section Here is the most de-
.irable place IN which to procure al
outfit for bat country. The govern
nlcnt trail may be utilized the greater
pat Of the way there, and branching
out from this i Il good road TO the dig
4ihg-
lis extremely fitting, therefore. and
t Ms d happy thought TO those
responsible for It's inception, that
-ofne sort Of public demonstrat. tie
made iii behalf of the man primarily
responsible for opening up this ne"
ield fJr human endeavor. A banquet
It which appropriate toasts may be
responded 10. presents a suit able &C.
ca,lon for paying acknowledgements to
one through whose efforts many Will
Ie;iye lasting benefits.
The Alaska prospector., 1907-11-21

Rev. Father } J. Corbley, S. j :,
the eloquent and gifted Catholic priest,
arrived Ill Va DEE on the steamer
bertha. He l. on d tour OF the north
err missions If tie Catholic church.
coming trom Dawson here. from
whence he will 60 10 Fairbanks and
Yukon RIVER roIuts He will probably
remain IN valdez d couple Of weeks.
and while here deliver ii course OF
lectures. Rev. Father Corbley /, not
only man OF unusual attachments,
out one whom it is pleasure TO meet
personally.
The Alaska prospector., 1907-11-21

John Jones, Jr, IN intrepid musheF,
was foot passenger from FAIRBANKS,
arriving here last evening. Jones lett
Fairbanks Oh the morning Of the tth.
He passed twenty-five people enroute
for Valdez. Dan Kennedy, with a
large amount of gold dust from the
First Natioual Bank Of Fail banks Is
due here III day or two
Jones shoes could not stand tie
pace and rough usage Of the voyage
and fell by the wayside Nothing
dauuted, the merry musher tran7-
terren his nits 10 his pedal extreml-
ties. and these, reinforced by liberal
slice Of the lower port on Of his wooieu
shirt. served as substitute for tie
discarded f0ntgear. Sticking Dis
hands in his pockets. Jones came on
his way Wit. rejoicing.
The LIQUOR dealers of town hled
petition with the Council last II gh''
askIng that the o. der rtqunl lug saloou7
to u4y $1,000 ncen.e tie 70 aside IN II
new ceu.u- can be taken, The census
louulation of l415, a accordingly
the saloon license was liked at olUoO'
IL j. coutende by the saloon men that
there are Lot that many residents d.
present. A ne.I cepsus was ofoe'e
taken, to be pal for 10y the saloon
msn.
The Alaska prospector., 1907-11-21
Concerns Witch fI2dFis'l and H1 f
eff cod Fishes O. Alaska and lpalat
Udr Very Congani.It License Laws

IN the form Of large salmon p'fhiit
canneries in Alaska are practically
immune from taxation These COT
Germs are operating and yearly reanluG
golden harvest in the waters of thu
territory, aud yet through the machi-
nations of law. mamifestiy cance!yed
and passed at the behe,t Of these
packing companies, they escape
legitimate tax for doing business IL
Alaska. In striking contraventlon to
this state of affairs, every small hu>i
ness is required To pay ll"en"e tan
in order to operate III this northern
country. The man Of moderate means
has no subterfuge TO hide behind. no
piia BILE law by which to escape the
prescribed tax on his vocation.
Section , of the Act. says that every
private hatchery operated IN Alaska
shall he exempt from all licenses. fCe-
and taxation of any nature. ''at the
rate Of ten cases of canned salmon to
every 1910 salmon fry liberated" TIE
tax on canned salmon i four cents
per case These caunery concerns
operate hatcheries in connection with
their business, otherwise the fish sup
ply would soon be depleted, at the
enormous rate the : lmon are being
consumed 4 matter of self-preServa
ton actuates them to do this-not 4
desire to perform a great public ser
vice. One of the concerns liberated
several million salmon fry In the First
DIVISION Consequently. their Gamer
les at Bristol bay, III the Third division
$500 miles away. are allowed credit on
their salmon tax to the amount Ct
over $4,000 In other words. for every
1000 salmon fry liberated, ten Cases OF
canned salmon escape taxation
With the approval OF the secretary
of commerce and labor, private
hatchery at Kailuk, owned by pack
ing company, released 2t,o42Sl2 sal
mon fry. 1t receives for every loco
fry, as stated before. ii free tax on tel
cases of "a mon. An elementary stu
dent of mathematics Can thus readily
determine how much revenue this
concern pays to Alaska for the prlvi
lege of fishing within It's Confines.
In whose fertile brai:: did such 4
law evolve? And what do these pack
ing concerns give TO Alaska III return
FIR the privilege Of practically supp'y-
lug the world with salmon from its
waters? They buy their suppl es on
the outside, bri cheap lahor from
the states. and like birds Of passage
come III the spring aud 60 III the fall.
An Investigation Of this salmon
packing business reveals condition
that should be corrected. and that
without delay ILdeed, the vigorous
objection to territorial form OF gov
erumeut OH the part Of sOue prOml-
neut men Of the north can easily be
traced to tine fl hing uduatry. IND r
a system of home COVER meat these
companies would undoubtedly be
made to pay al equitable tax to assist
in maintaining the government. LII
the present system maintains. the
government will soon be paying them
q premium for doing business here.
The Alaska prospector., 1907-11-21

G.. W. II. Heideman. who has charge
of the Copper Center government es
detrimental station. is in town. and VII
leave on the steamer Bertha for Sltka
He will spend the winter assisting
Prof. Georgesou. and will return to
Copper Center in March.
Mr. Heideman has devoted the past
summer to study of and experimei t.
with the native grasses. aud to raising
vegetables. The season was good
one for garden truck. some phenome-
ual results having been accomplished.
Especially worthy of note WAS the
raising of large cabbage. fully ulatured
one head weighing IA pounds.
Forty six specimens of native
grasses were found around around
Copper Center By Mr.. Heldernan, six
of which give promise OF being OF
economic value A variety Of native
timothy which grows along the trail
near Ptarmigan Drop is especially
promising.
Under the able supervision OF Mr
Heideman the Copper Center natives
have taken great interest III garden
ing. During the past season they
raised vegetable enough to supply
the whole tribe, and the friendly
rivalry between them in endeavOrlng
to raise the best vegetables has created
considera ble interest in the work.
Mr.. Heidemau is particularly pleased
with The result of bis season. work i'll
this line. aud hopes eventually to
leach the natives to Plaza their Own
gardens, thus maxi z the profile II of
living somewhat easier for them.
Judge Lyouo. l. S commits >ioner. il
naving vault constructed for the
-afe keeping Of recordation papers
aud other valuable iIst.uu Ell S Tie
vault is to be made If coucIete. 10X 10
feet in size, aud absolutely fireproof
Work was begun yesterday, under the
direction Charles Crawford, who has
the contract. 1t will .equire about
three weeks time 10 construct the
vault.
III order to accommodate this neces-
sary adjunct, the Commissioner re-
CURED more room. and he aud
Assistant District Attorney Scott
have exchanged quarters. Judge Scott
occupying the large room Formerly
used by the commissioner. and the
latter taking the two rooms formerly
occupied by the district attorney.
While the vault Is III process Of con-
.struction. the grand jury room is be-
ing utilized as the recording office,
The Alaska prospector., 1907-11-21
The Alaska ProSpectoT
And Valdez News.

Published Al Valdez. Alaska. every Thursday
by tine PEO-PEC Tog PUBLISHING GO
PRONE MAIN !.
En,.-ef =. the Valdez F,.-to..cs az >slsnC
els>> mater.
Subscription s. rcg year. 8 TT x i1oi-'i :
single copies 2 ei-;>
The Miller press. [volume] (Miller, S.D.) 190?-current, 1907-03-28

Salem Special. Mr. and Mrs VIM.
Meyers of Miller came down for a
short visit at the parental home
Monday, and returned Tuesday.
While here Will hired Robert Mat
thews to work for him at Miller,
Robert returned with Will and wife.
We are sorry to see Robert $50, but
expect it it was to his advantage to do
so
The Miller press. [volume] (Miller, S.D.) 190?-current, 1907-03-28

skirts go at 6S and %
The Miller press. [volume] (Miller, S.D.) 190?-current, 1907-03-28

E. C. Glazier, Huron's piano tuner
was in town couple of days last
week doing some tuning. He tunes
for C. M. Dwyer, A. J. Clifford, A.
Meyers, Geo. Richardson, w. Steph-
ems, Mrs Maud Jamison, M. L. Wade
Effie Dawson, W. 2. Mcdonald, 4
Gilmore, Peter Olson, Chas. Miller,
John Morrow, Mr. Pauly, and anum-
Der of others. Mr. Glazier will be
here again in four or five weeks,
those wanting pianos tuned phone
your order to Geo. Richardson at
Hand County Bank.
The Miller press. [volume] (Miller, S.D.) 190?-current, 1907-03-28
PRESBYTERIAN Church

Rev. c. Howard CRUDE, Pastor.
Preaching service every Sunday
morning at II and next Sunday in
ST. Lawrence at 500 p. M.
Sunday Bible School at 11:30 in 81
Lawrence and at II m. in Miller.
Church prayer meeting every
Thursday evening at Miller at 1880
Christian Endeavor each place
every Sunday evening at $50.
Special Easter service at Miller II
the morning.
All are cordially invited to attend
The Miller press. [volume] (Miller, S.D.) 190?-current, 1907-03-28
Evangelical Church

Services next Sabbath as follows:
Miller S. S. at II m.
Preaching by the pastor at II a.
m.
Evening service at the union meet;
ing at M. E. church.
Services at Pearl 3 p. m.
A cordial invitation is extended to
all! Come!
j. r. Booth, Pastor,
The Miller press. [volume] (Miller, S.D.) 190?-current, 1907-03-28
CITY CHURCH
ANNOUNCEMENTS
Union Revival Meetings

The union revival meetings will be
continued all next week at the Meth.
odist church. The meetings at the
Evangelical church this week have
been very good with a growing in
terest. A cordial invitation is ex-
tended to all to attend.
The Pastors.
The Miller press. [volume] (Miller, S.D.) 190?-current, 1907-03-28
Methodist Church Services.

Sunday March 81, preaching by
pastor at HOO a. m.
S. S. at 1900.
Epworth League devotional meet.
ing at Gas p. m.
Evening audience asked to attend
the Union Revivle meeting at the
Christian church.
0. w. Butterfield,
Pastor.
The Miller press. [volume] (Miller, S.D.) 190?-current, 1907-03-28
THE MILLER PRESS
OFFICIAL PAPER
OF MILLER AND HAND COUNTY
S1.OO PER YEAR IN ADVANCE
j. a. Bushfield, Publisher
Death


Miss Anna Nelson, daughter of H.
P. Nelson and wife, of Ohio twp.
died at her home Wednesday of tu-
berculosis, after an illness of nearly
year. The deceased was popular
young lady of about twenty years,
and her sad death is mourned by all
who knew her. The funeral services
will be held Friday at the Evangeli-
cal church in this city, conducted by
Rev. J. E. Booth. Mr. and Mrs Mel
son and family have the sympathy of
every one in their sad loss.
L. Larbeer and wife, new settlers
in Pearl twp, mourn the loss of an
eight year old daughter, who died of
complication of measles and pneu-
monia, The funeral services were
conducted at the home by Rev. ]. E.
Booth Tuesday, and the remains in
TERED in the G.. A. r. cemetary.
The sorrowing family have the SYM
pathy of everyone in their bereave-
ment.
The months old daughter of Mr..
and Mrs Ludke also died Thuruday
at their home in st. Lawrence twp,
and was buried Saturday at Miller;
services were conducted by Rev.
Booth. These are new settlers from
| Nebraska, and on their first trip to
here their little one con racted meas
les and pneumonia. The people here
extend these new neighbors. sincere
sympathy in their sorrow.
The Miller press. [volume] (Miller, S.D.) 190?-current, 1907-03-28
Christian Scientists

The Christian Scientists of this
city hold regular Sunday and mid
week services at the home of Mrs S.
v. Christ. Third Street. Sunday IL
a. m. Wed 7::33o D. m. All wishing
to attend will be welcome.
The Miller press. [volume] (Miller, S.D.) 190?-current, 1907-03-28
CARD OF THANKS

We wish to extend our sincere
thanks to the neighbors and other
who so kindly assisted US at the
deaths of our little ones.
l.. Larbeer and Family.
G.. A. Lubke and Family.
The Miller press. [volume] (Miller, S.D.) 190?-current, 1907-03-28
Additional Local

James Swan, foreman Of the Press
office, expects to go to Huron soon
to push case against c. H. Kelley,
the lamb man, for wages. -Redfield
journal.
The Miller press. [volume] (Miller, S.D.) 190?-current, 1907-03-28

Onida Watchman:-Luther Nelson
and bride have returned from their
wedding trip to The Pacific coast.
Mrs Nelson is at present visiting
with her parents Mr. and Mrs J. w.
Coquillette of Miller. Mr. Nelson
has purchased all of the stock and
other personal property belonging
to John Yung and it is reported that
he will locate on the farm now oc,
cupied by Mr. Yung. Onida people
can well afford to extend the glad
hand to his young couple.