davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1907-10-06

Mrs. Fl. r. Hildebrand eft Thursday
for N ew York an q visit to Mrs, H. H.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1907-10-06

Iliei autumn season Will onen BELL
,liantly8i1 Richmond Monday night with
the horse show german to be given
IN Masonic Templo on Monday evening,
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1907-12-07
MUST MAINTAIN PROTECTION
But Every Dozen Years or So Invesu-
CATION OF Schedules Is Warranted

This country is definitely committed to
the protective system and any effort
to uproot 1t could not but cause wide
spread industrial disaste In other
words the principle of the present tariff
law could not with wisdom be changed.
growth as ours it Is probably well that
every dozen years or so the tariff laws
should be carefully scrutinized so as
to see that no excessive improper
benefits are conferred thereby. that
proper revenue is provided, and that
our foreign trade is encouraged. There
must always be as minimum a tariff
which will not only allow for the coll
lection OF an ample revenue but which
will at least make good the difference
in cost of production here and abroad:
that is the difference in the labor cost
here and abroad, for the well-being Of
the wageworker must ever be cardi-
nal point of American policy.
REVISE AFTER THE ELECTION
The question should be approached
purely from a business standpoint; both
the time and the manner of the change
being such as to arouse the minimum
of agitation and disturbance in the bust
ness world, and to give the least play
for selfish and factional motives. The
sole consideration should be to see that
the sum total of changes represents the
public good. This means that the sub.
iect can not with wisdom be dealt with
i'm the year preceding a presidential cleo
! ton. because as a matter of fact ex-
/ perlence has concusively shown that al
such a time it is impossible to gel
| men to treat it from the standpoint OF
the public good In my Judgment the
wise time to deal with the matter Il
| Immediately after such election.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1907-12-07
LET CONGRESS ISSUE CHARTERS
Control Then Would BE Effective and
BE for the General Good

The congress has the power to charter
corporations to engage in interstate and
can be enacted under the provisions of
which existing corporations could take
out federal charters and new federal
sential provisions of such a law should
be, method of predetermining by some
federal board or commission whether the
association or combination within the
restrictions of the federal law. Provi-
sion should also be made for complete
public and complete protection to the in
v,esting PUBLIC and tie shareholders IN
deemed advisable, a license act for big
interstate corporations might be enact
ed; or a combination Of the two might
cised over national banks At least the
antitrust act should be supplemented by
which experience has shown have been
of most service In enabling monopolistic
combinations to crush out competition:
The real owners of a corporation should
be compelled to do business in their own
name. The right to hold stock in other
corporations should hereafter. be denied
prevail by the proper government Off;
Gals. and prerequisite to such approval
should be the listing with the. govern
both by the corporation owning sucl
stock and by the corporation In which
such stock is owned.
REASONS FOR FEDERAL CONTROL
To confer upon the national govern
I advocate in the antitrust law. power
Germs engaged in Interstate commerce
the national banks. In the recent, bust
ness crisis It Is noteworthy that the In
hi N1, t1o fstN
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1907-12-07
INCOME AND INHERITANCE TAX
Such Measures Have Been Repeatedly
Enacted by Federal Government

When our tax laws are revised the
question of an income tax and an in
heritance tax should receive the care
full attention of our legislators. In my
Judgment both of these taxes should be
part Of our system OF federal taxation.
I speak diffidently about the income tax
because one scheme for an income tax
was declared unconstitutional by the SUI
preme court: while in addition It Is d
dificult tax to administer in It's prac-
to be exercised to see that 1t was not
evaded by the very, men whom it was
most desirable to have taxed. for IL
so evaded 1t would Of course. be worse
than no tax at ali; as the least desir-
able of all taxes Is the tax which bears
heavily upon the honest as compared
with the dishonest man,
Nevertheless. graduated Income tax
of the proper type would be desirable
feature of federal taxation. and it is
to be hoped that one may be devised
constitutional. The inheritance tax. how
ever Is both far better method of
taxation. and far more important for
the purpose of having the fortunes OF
the country bear In proportion to their
increase in size corresponding increa Sc
and burden of taxation. The envarn-
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1907-12-07
Message to Sixtieth Congress
To the Senate and House of Repre-

To the Senate and House of Repre-
sentatives:
No nation has greater resources, than
said that the citizens of no nation pos
sess greater energy and industrial abil--
sty. In no nation are the fundamental
at this very moment: and it is foolish,
when such is the case, for people to
hoard money instead of keeping 1t in
sound banks pan for it. is such hoarding
stringency. Moreover. as a rule, the bus
mess of our people is conducted with
honesty and probity, and this applies
roads and banks TO all our legitimate
commercial enterprises.
AS TO DISHONESTY
In any large body of men. however.
there are certain to be some who are
dishonest, and If the conditions are such
that these men prosper or commit their
misdeeds with IMMUNITY, their example
is a very evil thing for the community.
Where these men are business men q, Of
.nscrupulous and reckless, and where
che, conditions are such that they act
rst Wtbout or rom and
lie opinion, they delude many innocent
people into making Investments. or EN-.
barking bar in kinds Of business that are
these successfully dishonest men are dis
covered, suffering comes not only upon
tnem, out upon the innocent men whom
they have mised. 1t is a painful awak-
ening, whenever 1t occurs; and, nat
urally, when it does occur those who
suffer are apt to forget that the longer
1t was deferred the more painful 1t would
be-. In the effort to punish the guilty il
is both wise and proper to endeavor sc
far as possible, to minimize the, distress
of those who have been misled by the
guilty. Yet it is not possible to. re
frain because of such distress from
striving to put an end to the misdeed:
that are the ultimate causes of the sui
fering, and. as a means to this end
where possible to punish those respon
siSie fer them. There may be homes
differences of opinion as to many gov
ornamental policies; but surely there car
be no such differences as to the neet
of unflinching perseverance in the wa
against successful dishonesty.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1907-12-07
DISCUSSES CURRENCY PROBLEM
Begins by Quoting from His Message
OF Year Ago

In my message to the congress a year
s II ESPECIALLY call " your attention to
the condition of our currency laws. The
naticnal bank act has ably served
IN f the
and within ten years there has been
an increase in circulation per capita
from $2l1l to sS9@ For s ,iv fbo years
ditional legislation is needed The re-
currence Of each crop season emphasizes
the defects Of the present lays There
cause to leave them as they are means
to incur liability of business disaster.
Since Your body adjourned rhe there has
call money from per cent to 30 per
cent, and the fluctuation was even great
er during the preceding SLY months. The
and by wise action put stop to the
most violent period Of oscillation. Even
worse than such huctuation is the adj
vance in commercial rates and the TN
certainty felt III the sufticiency Of credit
even at high rates. All commercial in
terests suffer during each crop period.
York attract, money from the interior
banks into the speculative field; This
deplctes the fund that would otherwise
| commercial borrowers are forced to pay
abnormal rates. so that each fall tax
the sha asceG Of tse Whole nte eom
merce Of the country.
PRESENT SYSTEM DEFECTIVE
THE mere statement of these facts
| shows that our present system Is seri-
ouslv defective. There Is need of a
| change Unfortunately. however, many
Of the proposed changes must, be ruled
from consideration because they are
hension. and tend to disturb existine
rights and interests. We must also rule
out ut any plan which would materially
| in1nair the value of the United State;
> per cent bonds now pledged to Sc
cure circulation the issue Of. which was
made under conditions peculiarly credit
apx especial plan Various plans hav,
res been proposed by expert com
mittees Of bankers Amo1ng the plan, plan:
aartainly should receive your considera-
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1907-12-07

ton is that repeatedly brought to your
attention by the present secretary of the
bsen tne Nv OF
bankers and business men. According
to this plan national banks should be
Of their capital in notes of " a given
kind, the issue to he taxed at so high
a rate as to drive the notes back when
rene. to give banks additional profits,
but to meet the mergency presented by
times of stringency.
system, ! only advance it to emphasize
my belief that there is need for the
adoption of some system which shall be
so. as to avoid all possibility of dis
elimination and favoritism. Such a plan
would tend to prevent the sppasms Of
high money and speculation which now
obtain In the New York market; for a
present there is too much currency at
ceran seasons N of the year and Its sr
to lend 1t at low rates for speculative
purposes; whereas at other times when
gent need or large but
never never be be forgotten that this question
as much as bankers; ESPECIALLY is this
true OF stockmen, farmers, and business
men in the west; for at present at Ger
| in interest rates between the east. and
the west Is from to 10 per cent, where
as In Canada the corresponding differ re =
must Of course, guard the interests
of western and southern bankers a,
carefully as 1t guards the interests Q,
must be drawn from the standpoints OF
the farmer and the merchant no less
than from the standpoints Of the city
| banker and the country banker.
NEED OF ELASTIC CURRENCY
hn thf nnS
of immediate attention to this matter
We need greater elasticity in our cur.
| rency: provided, of course, that we
safe and secure currency. There mus
always be the most rigid examination
by the national authorities. Provision
rency. The emergency issue should, o
course, be made with an effective guar
anty, and upon conditions carefully pre-
gency issue must be based on adequate
securities approved by the government
! and must be issued under a. heavy tax
when the demand for it was urgent
: mand fell off. It is, worth, investigatin
e rectors Of national banks should eve
/ be allowed to loan themselves. Trus
: companies should be subject to the sam
S effect should be enacted for the Distrie
, of Columbia and the territories.
e LAWS CANNOT DO EVERYTHING
- Yet we must also remember that eve
. the wisest legislation on the subject ca
q only accomplish a certain amount. N
!. legislation can by any possibility gual
r antee the business community again!
e the results of speculative folly any MOI
n than 1t can guarantee an individu;
y against the results of his extravaganc
: When an individual mortgages his hous
l. to buy an automobile he invites disa
l. ter; and when wealthy men, or men wi
i
!. foolishly eager to become such. indult
n In reckless peculation--especially IL
y Is accompanied by dishonesty--they te
Is pardize not only their own future b.
a tho future of all their innocent fello,
citizens, for they expose the whole bus
ness community to panic and distres
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1907-12-07
NO DEFICIT IN REVENUES
Heavy Expenditures Do Not Put the
Balance on the Wrong Side

The income account of the nation Is
in most satisfactory condition For
the six fiscal years ending with the LIST
of July last, the total expenditures and
re, enues of the national government ex-
elusive OF the postal revenues and ex-
penditures, We're. In round numbers,
revenues. 81, 465, COO 900. and expenditures,
over expenditures, including in the latter
the fifty millions expended for the Pan
anna canal, was one hundred and ninety
average of about thirty-one millions a
year. This represents an approximation
between income and outgo which it
would be hard to improve. The salts
law has been chiefly responsible for this
excellent showing. Nevertheless, there
is an evident and constantly growing
feeling among our people that the time
Is rapidly approaching when our sys-
tenn of revenue legislation must pe re-
vised.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1907-12-07

1t is generally useless to try to pro-
hibit all restraint on competition.
whether this restraint be reasonable or
unreasonable; and where 1t is not use
less 1t is generally hurtful. The
successful prosecution of one device to
evade the law Immediately develops an
purpose. What is needed Is not sweep
ing prohibition of every arrangement.
good or bad. which may tend to restrict
competition, but such adequate super
vision and regulation as will prevent any
restriction of competition from being to
the detriment. of the public, as well as
prevent other abuses in no way con-
nected with restriction of competition"
] have called your attention in these
because ] am satisfied that 1t Is the
duty of the national government to en-
body in action the principles thus ex-
pressed.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1907-12-07
THE SHERMAN ANTITRUST LAW
1t Condemns Good and Bad Combina-
lions for Trade Indiscrjminately

be additional, legislation looking to the
proper control of the great business con
Germs engaged In Interstate business. this
control to be exercised for their own
benefit and prosperity no less than for
the prot9 nh of and Of the
said in messages. to the congress and
elsewhere. experience has definitely
the futility Of endeavoring to put stop ton
to all business combinations. Modern
industrial conditions such that COM
evitable 1t is SO in the world of bust
labor. and it is as idle to desire to put
combinations of capital as to desire to
put an end to combinations OF labor.
Corporation and labor union alike have
come to stay, Each if properly managed
ever in either there is evil. it should be
promptly held TO account; but it should
| it is properly managed. It is profoundly
immoral to put or keep on the statute
books a law. nominally in the interest
premium upon public immortality. by I'M
dertaking to forbid honest men from do
ing what must be done. under modern
self provides that it's own infracton
must be the condition precedent upon
business success. To aim at the accom-
the accomplishment of too little, and
often the doing of positive damage.
QUOTES A PREVIOUS MESSAGE
| In my message to the congress a year
ago, In speaking of the antitrust laws.
| I said
THE actual working of our laws has
shown that the effort to prohibit all
combination. good or. bad, is noxious
ton OF capital. like combination of la
| Dor is necessary element in our pres
ent industrial system. 1t Is not pos
sible completely to prevent 1t; and II
it We're possible, such complete proven.
ton would do damage to the body poll.
to prevent all combination. but to Sc,
cure such rigorous and adequate contro
and supervision of the coulbina tons AZ
TO prevent their injuring the public, 0,
existing in such forms as inevitably. tc
threaten injury II IS unfor
, hid all combinations instead of sharpl,
discriminating between those combina
tons which do good and those combina
!: tions which do evil. - Often railroad
would like to combine for the purpos,
of preventing a big shipper from main
tanning improper advantages at the ex
t pense Of small shippers and Of the gen
90 1t is public evil t,
, have on the statute books a law in
capable Of full enforcement. becaus
both Judges and jurtes realize that IT
. full enforcement would destroy the busi
? make decent men violators of the Law
/ aeainst their will, and to put premium
, on the behavior of the wiful wrong
' doors. Such result in turn. tends {
r throw the decent man and the wilfr
e wrongdoer into close association. an
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1907-12-07
PURE FOOD LAW A GOOD THING
II Was Bitterly Opposed But Its Worth
Has Been Proved

Those who fear, from any reason. the
extension of federal activity will do well
to study the history not only of the
national banking act but of the. pure
ton law recently enacted. The pure
food law was opposed so violently that
its passage was delayed for a decade;
yet 1t has worked unmiXed and i'm
was even more violently assailed; and
the same men who now denounce the
attitude of the national government In
seeking to oversee and control the work
ings of interstate commerce carriers and
business concerns. then asserted that we
American industry" Two years have not
elapsed, and already 1t has become evil
dent thai the great benefit the law con-
fers upon the public is accompanied h.
ing establishments. The latter are bet
ter off under the law than they were
without it. The benefit to Interstate
commerce carriers and business concerns
from the legislation l advocate would
be equally marked
STATES TOOK THE LEAD
Incidentally, in the passage of the
state food and dairy commissioners
showed in striking fashion how much
good for the whole people results from
the hearty cooperation of the federal
and state officials in securing given
reform. It is primarily to the action OF
the enactment of this law: for they
aroused the people. first to demand thu
enactment and enforcement of state laws
on the subject, and then the enactment
state laws were largely ineffective
There must be the closest cooperation
| between the national and state govern
ments In administering these laws.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1907-12-07
FEDERAL COURTS MUST DECIDE

FEDERAL COURTS MUST DECIDE
The federal courts must Of course de-
eide ultimately what, are the respective
and they must decide definitely sid
finally in matters affecting incivit N,
wrongs Of If labor Dor but a as 10 tie right
and wrongs of capital: and the national
government must always see that tb'
3sSt no OF the sour Is pnt, mo ~,
essential adjunct OF the courts do.ns
its work we'll; and as preventive meas
ures are always better than reined'"
eve.y standpoint commendable. Bui
where 1t is .recklessly or unnecessarily
used. the abuse should be censured
to shear the courts of this necessary
power. The courts decision must be
co ma Of pt i1dydus on Judges IN need
lesslS anticipating such final decision
or In the tyrannical use of what Is
nominally temporary Injunction to ac-
complish what is in fact permanent
PREVENTING ACCIDENTS
The loss of life and limb from rail-
road accidents in this country has be-
come appalling II is subject q which
supervision. It might be we'll to begun
by providing for a federal, Inspection OF
lines Of federal inspection OF steam
boats. although not going 40 far; per-
haps at first all that 1t would be neces-
sary to have would be some officer whose
duty would be to Investigate all ac-
cidents on interstate railroads and re-
port in detail the causes thereof. Such
an officer should make 1t his business
to get into close touch with railroad
operating men SO as to become thor
| oughly familiar with every side OF the
question. the idea being to work along
the lines of the present steamboat In
spection law.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1907-12-07
MANY STRIKES AND LocKoUTs
Compulsory Investigation Of Industrial
nisuutes Ought to be Provided

Strikes and lockouts. with their at
tsndant loss and suffering. continue to
increase. For the five years ending Dec.
II 1905, the number Of strikes was great
er than those in any previous ten years
and was double the number in the pre-
ceding ave years These figures indicate
machinery to deal with this class Of
aiafurhanees In the interest alike OF the
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1907-12-07

out competition, the prevention of in
flaton of capital, and the prohibition of
q corporations making exclusive trade
with itself a condition of having any
trade with itself. Reasonable agreements
between, or combinations of, corpora
tons should be permitted. provided they
are first submitted to and approved by
some appropriate government body.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1907-09-11

The following births We're reported to the
health office during the past twenty-four
hours:
Edward and Mary Waters, September o..
1907. female.
Eugene and Title Skinner, September 2.
1907. female.
Albert II. and Margaret Schmidt, Septem-
Der s. 1907 male
Frederick c, and Ida L. Phipitt. Septem-
Der 1, 1907, female
Ray A. and Grace H. Galpin, September
I, 1907, male
Docherty and Jane L. Cramer, September
I, 1907, male.
Seieg and Fannie Y. Budd, August 81
1897, male.
Louis E. and Edwena b. Barnard Sep
TENDER 8. 1907, male
Carl f. and Florence Z. Achterkirchen
August 20. 1907, female.
George and Charlotte Watkins, September
s. 1907. male
Randolph and Cordelia Lawson, septem-
William and Matte d. Jones, September
Z, 1907. female
Floyd and Goldena NJ. Hackney, Septem-
Der 4, 1907, female.
, Harry g. and Louise Born. September Z
1907, female -
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1907-09-11
GERMAN COURTS DEFECTIVE.
Hau Case May Materially Alter Theil
Methods

CHICAGO. September 11.-German crimi-
nal jurisprudence may be altered materially
in the near future as a result of the many
defects in the system shown in the recent
Carl Hau trial, according to Judge Theo-
dore Brentano of the superior court Judge
Brentano returned to Chicago last night
after a three months tour
He made a study of the German courts.
He was present during the entire five days
session of the Hau murder trial. and be-
came convinced that American criminal
courts compare most favorably with thos :
in Germany. Talks with lawyers there led
him to the belief that many changes in he
procedure would be advocated.
The Hau trial. said Judge Brentano.
brought out the mistake the Germans
have made in the methods of their jury
practice. The feeling was intense among
the people, and every means used by
both sides to influence the jury. Under the
law the jury is allowed to read the papers,
friends juror hears more arguments out
of court than he does during the sessions.
LAS whole. the dignity of the court is
not maintained any better than in this coun-
try Many times the spectators broke out
into derisive laughter, or asked questions
in loud voices.
"On looking over the criminal records
/ found that the sentences imposed for MUIR
der and other serious crimes are much
lighter than in this country"
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1907-09-11
Births in the District.

The following deaths were reported to the
health office during the past twenty four
hours:
Arthur Winter. &c years. 234 LIST street
southwest.
Joseph +. Mitchell, 46 years, 1853 street
northwest
Eleanor C. English, SO years. Casualty
Hospital
Lottie McHale, % years, $50 c street
northwest.
Charles A D. Wolff, - years. 1925 New
Jersey avenue northwest
Charles b. Cornwall, 46 years, $50 9th
street southwest.
Pearl Hartman, "a years, 9ls NJ street
northwest.
William Leroy Reardon. months, COZ
ODD street northwest.
Infant of John and Jane Smith, Is days
Washington Asylum.
Elizabeth Williams. 50 years, 1924 21st
street northwest
Della Williams, years, 1924 10th street
northwest.
Mary Byers, l year, 1901 p street
ro John a; Rollins 81 years 1862 X street
Arthur N Beverley, Il days. 9O2 Delaney
court southwest.