davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
River Falls journal. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1872-2019, 1907-12-12
PROTECTING TREES.
Young Orchards Must Be Painted or
Covered with Netting.

Young trees should be protected
from rabbits for one or two years af-
ter they have been set in the orchard.
There are two systems of protecting
such trees. either of which may be
made fairly satisfactory. One con
sists of painting the trunk and the
lower branches with some form OF
paint. The best formula is one gallon
of water one pound of soap, two to
four ounces of carbolic acid This can
be painted on the trees with a brush
or swab Of rags tied on the end Of
stick
Some prefer to add enough vene-
tian red to give the mixture a good
pink color or the consistency of thick
cream. Paris green is sometimes
added, but it is of doubtful value. The
paint is of value only as it prevents
the rabbits from barking the trees;
killing the rabbits is of very little inn
portance. Blood from slaughterhouse
has been used with good results, but
it is inconvenient to prepare, washes
off readily and requires three or four
applications each winter. Axle grease
and coal tar almost uniformly injure
the trees.
The other system consists of wrap
ping the trunk and larger limbs OF
the trees with some material that
prevents the rabbits from reaching
the bark Rags, heavy building pa
per, grass rope, screen wire, veneer
wood, and cornstalks are all used for
this work with good results. Any
material that wraps tight about the
trunk of the tree must be removed in
early spring. This does not injure the
tree, as is frequently supposed, by
forming a harbor for insects.
The use Of wood tree protectors,
wrapping with cornstalks and mate
rial of that kind, seems to give the
| best satisfaction of any material used.
| The cornstalks can be easily prepared
| by cutting the stalk with a knife,
| sticking one end in the ground and
| tying the tops close to the top of the
! trunk of the tree. BY using the stalks
in this way, perfect protection can
| be formed for the tree and one that
will last for two or three years and
finally fall away of decay without any
| injury to the tree.
1t is as important to protect the
trunks Of the trees during the sum-
mer as it is during the winter. The
rabbits injure the trees in the winter
and the hot sun and borers during
the summer. Trees that are well
protected from the sun seldom suffer
badly from the effects of borers, and
for this reason it is evident that the
protection that will shield the tree
from the sun and last two or three
years is an ideal protector to use
Oklahoma Experiment Station.
River Falls journal. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1872-2019, 1907-12-12

ME ARITAL unrest is neither an of.
AVE spring of the new woman nor the
evil outgrowth of freer and juster di-
vorce laws, declares DR.. Clarke
Houghton. 1t is as old as the world.
To charge it up to the conscience OF
the new woman" is neither fair mind
ed nor rational. The Old Testament
reeks with it, and the biographers of
our great warriors, statesmen, poets
and prophets all the way down the
ages, from Earle or Gorky of the pres
ent day back to Potiphar's wife and
David Of old show it to have been the
same yesterday, to-day and forever!
Davids own wives are described
as women of comedy countenance and
of good understanding, and there is
no record where either Abigail or
Ahinoam closed their cook books to
study law or uttered single idea not
the echo of their joint husband. II
they had, who knows? They might
have saved him from the sin of SEND
ing the poor Hittite to the aforefront
cf the hottest battle that he might
take his beautiful wife Bathsheba.
Who knows, had they seasoned the
sameness of the married way with
an occasional dash of original thought?
The sacred Milton, the divine Shet-
ley, Cicero, Dante and the immortal
Shakespeare are all melancholy ex-
amples of marital unrest, though
none of them was divorced.
If divorce is growing greater it is
not because marital unrest is grow
ing worse, but because offenses in
marriage and hypocrisy are growing
less.
To make the happiness of the indi-
viduals only an incident in marriage
is only to defend DR.. Adler's dream
of higher and finer race. Insure the
happiness of husband and wife and it
will follow as the day the night that
we will have a finer generation of Off
spring and a purer society of men and
women.
River Falls journal. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1872-2019, 1907-12-12
ORCHARD TRIMMINGS.

Ashes are one of the best fertilizers
for fruit of all kinds.
Careless picking and packing loses
many a dollar to the fruit grower.
Plant apple and pear trees this fall,
but let the stone fruits go until spring.
With the prevailing high prices for
foodstuffs, let the farmer ask himself
whether he is getting his share.
Be sure and see that all the vege.
tables are properly housed SO that the
freezing weather will not spoil them.
There are ten rules for growing ap-
pies. The first is prune, fertilize, cul-
tivate and spray. The other nine are
like unto the first.
While you are thinking about fixing
up for winter don't forget the apple
trees. Unless these are protected rab-
bits and mice are apt to kill some oil
the finest trees during the winter.
Go at the work of growing an or
chard as you go at the work Of grow.
ing any other crop. Plant with care,
protect in every way possible, cult
vate and fertiliZe.
River Falls journal. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1872-2019, 1907-12-12

the side of a steep mountain. The open
cut shows a great variety of rocks
and minerals. flint and quartz being
the most prominent.
The emeralds are found in a fossil
ferrous limestone which shows in gray
streaks among the darker rocks. The
Spaniards used to get at the gems by
driving adits into the hill following
the veins. Now the open cut has been
adopted and the rock is terraced from
above.
High up on the mountain there are
copious water courses. These are
directed into artificial reservoirs and
f1umes-one of them six miles long
are carried down to the mine The
quantity of water is so great that even
in dry seasons there is sufficient to
carry on operations.
As the rocks are pulverized the de-
bris is converted into slime and car
ried by the water down the mountain
to the Rio Minero far below, which
sweeps it along to the sea. The gems
are picked from the washing troughs
by poems, who keep breaking up the
rock smaller and smaller, so that
nothing is lost.
Altogether more than 100 laborers
River Falls journal. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1872-2019, 1907-12-12
Road Commission Reports.

The state railroad commission of
Wisconsin has filed its annual report
with the governor. 1t covers the
period from December /, 1906, to June
so, 1907, and contains a general ac-
count of the work during that period,
a list of the formal and informal COM
plants filed with it, statistics pertain
ing to various questions presented to
it, the names and addresses of persons,
firms, and corporations, operating pub
lie utilities within the state, copy
of the railroad commission law as
amended, and other recently enacted
laws affecting railways, of the public
utilities law and other laws affecting
such utilities and the rules of practice
adopted by the commission.
The general account of the work OF
the commission during the period in
question is in part as follows:
''For the year ending December 81, 1906,
and June 80, 1907. Their were in all 81 RAN
way companies reporting to this COM
mission. This, it is believed, includes
every company in the state doing bust
ness as a common carrier, but it does not
include those logging railways which are
not acting as common carriers, such COM
panies being exempt from the provisions
of the law.
1.-THE number of miles operated by
these 81 companies within the state is
7292.3S miles, as shown by their reports
for the year ending June 50, 1907. while
the mileage shown by their reports for
the year ending June 30. 1906, was 7014.1
an increase during the year of 27S.2Z
miles This increase is largely due to the
extensions of the Chicago & Northwest
ern railway and the Wisconsin Central
railway, and also the construction of the
La Crosse & Southeastern railway and
the Wisconsin & Northern railroad
which roads were under construction
during the year ending June 80, 1906, and
consequently made no report.
1.-THE total cost of the lines of railways
in Wisconsin, as shown by their reports
to this commission and to the state treas
urer, for the year ending December 81
1906, is $255, 3S9, 94401, as against $247 ,069,
1921 reported for the year 1905 showing
an increase of IS, 32O, 4S1. Go. The gross re-
ceipts for the same year increased 1892,
OS6.S5 over the preceding year while the
net receipts increased $19SS, 171.22.
River Falls journal. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1872-2019, 1907-12-12

are employed. They receive 25 pests
in paper, equivalent to 25 cents day
in United States money, besides food,
shelter and free medical attend
ance.
None of them stands the work very
long, says the New York Sun. The
intense heat, especially in the bottom
of the great pit of the mine, and the
working in water break them down
rapidly, and they fall victims to the
local fever.
They work under canvas awnings
and fix palm leaves over their heads
to keep off the glare of the sun, but as
the day wears on the atmosphere in
the pit often rises to a temperature
of lis to 100 degrees, and it becomes
as humid as that of a Turkish bath
through the evaporation from the
washing pans and the slime.
At every stage of the work the syn
dicate inspectors watch the poems
scrupulously. Every stone is turned
over to them the instant it is found.
They clean it and report it to the
government officials.
Until two or three years ago it was
supposed that the Muse mines were
practically exhausted, but this was
River Falls journal. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1872-2019, 1907-12-12

WHAT we need is doctrine OF
w marriage. There is no clear
cut doctrine of marriage. The church
is tied up to the ethics of 1000 years
ago, the oriental fantasies of Paul.
The old idea of marriage was in
culcated and secured through two
fundamental inciples-reverence to
parents and the understanding that
marriage was to be permanent. These
principles are both imperiled," is the
idea of DR.. Felix Adler.
Under present conditions they are
no longer tenable, for the first was
founded on the idea that the child had
no rights except through its parents.
It's position was one of the sub
servience, of unquestioned obedience
to the parents, and as regards the per-
manence of the marriage tie, it was
chiefly bond that tied the woman to
the man. Her position was one of
subordination.
To-day we admit that the child has
rights which we are bound to respect
and that the woman is the equal of
the man.
River Falls journal. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1872-2019, 1907-12-12
? lgR2RERT STIR. M4CAp1yZzR

~ HE prevalence Of divorces in the
United States is a reproach alike
to the country and to the church, is
the declaration of DR.. Robert Stuart
Macarthur. The American republic
has a most unenviable prominence in
this regard. The detailed accounts of
suits for divorce, as these suits are
pressed in the various courts, are dis
gushing in the extreme. They bring
reproach alike upon American men
and women in all parts of our country.
These facts are admitted and at the
same time are sadly regretted by our
best citizens and our most devoted
churchmen and churchwomen.
The causes for divorce are numer-
Gus. They are not limited in re-
sponsibility, either to men or to
women. 1t is not a sufficient state
ment to say that the broader educa-
ton of women and their emancipa-
ton from the greater subsection of
former years is the chief cause, as
Mrs. Anna Rogers says. The men
and women who rush into the divorce
courts elicit our contempt for their
vulgarity and coarseneSs, not to use
even stronger terms. It is difficult so
to control ones moral Indignation be-
cause of the vulgarity of these di-
vorce cases as to speak of them with
the restraint becoming a newspaper
article. How men and women can
stoop to charge abominable crimes
against each other in order to secure
divorces makes one ashamed of his
race. Idleness, lack of spiritual occu-
patton and suggestion, and vulgar con-
formity to low ideals in life-these
are causes largely responsible for the
prevalence of divorce. Hasty mar
riage is also somewhat responsible.
Many men and women rush into mar
riage with less serious thougffulness
than they would show regarding any
ordinary business transaction. The
clergy also are somewhat responsible
by the haste with which they Of
ficiate at marriages without knowing
the facts in the case of those who de-
sire to enter into this relationship.
Marriage must be made more hon
orable, its obligations must be lifted
to a higher level. In single word.
the correction of the evils of divorce,
as in the case of all other evils, must,
in its finality, depend upon higher
spiritual ideals, nobler characters and
more religious conceptions of all the
duties and obligations of life in is
manifold relations. Uniform divorce
laws in the states would partially re
move the evils of divorce. There is
no one specific cause-there is no one
specific cure. When men and women
realize their dignity and glory as the
children of God and heirs of eternity,
River Falls journal. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1872-2019, 1907-12-12
Road Claims Overcharue.

Instead of probably the collection OF
approximately $4,000 from the Chica-
go, Milwaukee & st. Paul Railroad
company for back taxes, alleged to
be due the state on unreported gross
earnings for the years 1898 to 1902,
the railroad company filed its answer
to the state complaint alleging that
the state owes the railroad company
1869, 1856, which it declares was
overpaid in taxes during the years
in question. The claim is based on
the fact that the road paid taxes on
intrastate business and also on inter
state business, whereas the road
claims the license fee law contem-
phase only that it pay taxes on intra-
state business. This means that the
case will undoubtedly go to the United
States supreme court. The law to
investigate the books Of the railway
company was passed in 1903 and at
the 1905 session of the legislature an
other statute was enacted directing
the state to begin action against the
road for back taxes due the state on
unrepOrted gross earnings.
River Falls journal. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1872-2019, 1907-12-12
MINES OF COLOMBIA.
EmerSfds Worth a Million Taken
Out Last Year.

The German minister in Bogota
Colombia, has sent to his government
a detailed report of the emerald
mines of Muse, in the Department of
Boyaca These mines have undergone
many vicissitudes.
After the country broke away from
Spain they were first held by Boyaca
and worked for its benefit in an indo-
lent sort of way. Then the national
government laid claim to them and
they were shiftlessly worked by vari-
Gus concession holders. Until the most
recent revolution nobody paid any
attention to the workings or the value
of the stones taken from them.
Now they have been leased to a
Colombian syndicate for five years and
a rigid government supervision is ex-
ercised over the output. 1t is the in
tention of the administrator when the
lease expires to take up the working
of the mines on it's own account.
From the mining village narrow
path leads to the mines $50 feet I'D
River Falls journal. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1872-2019, 1907-12-12
''New Woman" Blamed.

Writers who defend the conven-
tional and domestic" type of woman
put all the blame on the new wom-
an They say she has left her Iegiti-
mate sphere-the home-that she no
longer loves or inspires love, and that,
in defiance of all history and her own
apparent destiny, refuses to consider
marriage and motherhood the object
Of her existence.
They urge she has abandoned the
hearthstone to become a writer an
artist, playwright, an actress, a
teacher, or whatnot, and during the
period in which she has gained her
rights" (the last 90 years. the mar
riage institution has been assailed on
all sides.
IS il the new womans" fault?
The new woman" differs from her
sister in this respect at least-she
has no flattery for the tyrant man.
She turns right around and places all
the blame for the marital unrest on
his shoulders.
Man does not understand our com
pick nature she says, land while he
considers marriage as only one stage
of his own mental and spiritual devel-
opment, he insists that we shall con-
slider it the only excuse for our ex-
istence.
River Falls journal. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1872-2019, 1907-12-12
WHY?

| meets because we are not submissive
to our husbands misconception and
misunderstanding of u.s."
'But," the defenders of the conven-
tional type of woman reply, you can
not accomplish anything great in lit
erature, science or religion, and you
never have produced works of great
and universal genius. The most you
can do is to make your own bread and
butter. Your trivial creations in art
and literature can be spared, and it is
your intellectual discomfort and un-
rest that is spreading the divorce
germ, which threatens soon to de-
velop into a divorce epidemic. Take
the place assigned to you by nature,
be mans helpmeet and all will be
we'll"
Has higher education made woman
dissatisfied with the domestic sphere?
Or is it that the nigh tension Of
modern everyday business life has
prevented the husband from giving
his wife the romantic attentions and
caresses demanded by her nature?
River Falls journal. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1872-2019, 1907-12-12
Insurance Losses Adjusted.

Insurance losses in the 100000
fire in Superior November are prac-
tically adjusted. The Great Northern
elevator A has been declared a total
loss of $260,000, which the insurance
companies will have to stand. The
Thompson grain loss is about so per
cent The insurance on this was close
to $4,000, and the loss will be about
$375,000. The policies on the grain
were, a great many of them, about to
expire, and while half of the grain
had been shipped out, the policies had
not been Cancelled. The loss of the
Republic mill and elevator was also
total, running to about 100000. The
loss on the Freeman and Minkota
mills and elevators is given as $780,
900, with the insurance carried by the
Standard Milling company, which
leased the plants to the Duluth-Su-
perior Milling company.
River Falls journal. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1872-2019, 1907-12-12
From Various Views.


The different churches have diff
ferent beliefs concerning marriage,
the different states have different
laws governing it, and they are both
content to rest their case there!
Thus the greatest sociological prob.
lem in the United States to-day is be.
ing tossed back and forth as if it
were some rubber ball, and yet
100000 divorces in 20 years are sure
to leave their influence on many lives
and many families.
Back in 1748 Nine. de Chateauroux
said: Il see plainly that there will be
a general overthrow if no remedy is
used
What she said about the political
condition of France then we may say
about the divorce situation in the
United States today
The divorce congress two years ago
accomplished practically nothing, well
intentioned as it was. If federal legis.
lation is urged in the spring on the
strength of the detailed report of the
census bureau it will be challenged on
the ground Of it's being unconstitu-
tional
River Falls journal. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1872-2019, 1907-12-12
State Capital Notes
Weekly Budget Gathered by Our
Special Correspondent at Madison.

Madison.-The exodus of life insur-
ance companies from Wisconsin as a
result of legislation enacted by the
last legislature may result in a de-
mand that the governor call an extra
session of the legislature to consider
the situation. A proposal is said to
be under consideration for the franz
ing of monster petition to the gov
ernor, to be signed by the policy hold
ers of all the companies involved.
The question of how business will be
carried on after the companies have
retired, is the all-absorbing thought of
the companies that have announced
their withdrawal The mails will have
to be depended upon almost absolute
ly, because of the recent decision of
the attorney general stating that
banks cannot act as agents. This was
an unexpected action on the part of
the attorney general. 1t is claimed by
insurance agents that contrary state
ments were made by the insurance
commissioner and the attorney gener-
al some time ago. The statements
made at that time were taken as posi-
tive to the extent that the German
National bank started preparations to
establish collection department to
be devoted to the insurance business.
River Falls journal. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1872-2019, 1907-12-12
Kindly Charles Lamb.

Charles Lamb was awakened early
one morning by a noise in his kitchen,
and on going down to that apartment
found a burglar doing his spoons up
in bundle.
why DIDO you s-s-st-t-teal?" he
asked.
Because I'm starving" returned the
house-breaker, sullenly.
Are y-you re-re-really ver-very
h-h-hung- chung guggery-hungry?" asked
Lamb.
Very" replied the burglar, turning
away.
"Pup-pup-poor fuf-fuf-fellow," said
the essayist. .'H-here's a l-lleg of L
LrLamb for you"
And so saying, with a dexterous
movement of his right leg, he elected
the marauder into the street, and lock-
ing the door securely went back to
bed. The burglar confessed after
wards that he didn't see the joke for
six weeks.
River Falls journal. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1872-2019, 1907-12-12
State Aid Is Placed,

State Superintendent G. P. Cary has
announced the annual apportionment
of the state aid of $125,000 among the
several free high schools of the state.
Schools in Milwaukee, Madison and
certain other cities do not receive any
part of this aid because they do not
comply with the conditions imposed
by the law. OF the total amount dis
tributed $96,164.26 goes to schools in
cities and villages, and $26,361.75 to
schools in townships. The salary and
expenses of State High School Inspec
tor H. L. Terry for the year amounted
to $2,517.95, which was taken out Of
the total fund of $125,000. There was a
balance of $1.04 left, which goes back
in to the state treasury. Most of the
schools received $401.18.
River Falls journal. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1872-2019, 1907-12-12
State Contributes to System.

"Wisconsin's Part in Postal Admin
istration" is the subject of an article
written by Judge e. w. Keyes, post
master in Madison, in which he tells
of the important contributions this
state has made in years gone by to
the improvement and upbuilding of
the federal governments great sys-
TEN. Judge Keyes refers TO the al
most forgotten fact that Wisconsin
has sent four men to Washington, D.
c., SINCE Lincoln's administration, to
fill the place of postmaster general.
River Falls journal. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1872-2019, 1907-12-12

President Peabody of the Mutual
Life Insurance company has an
nounced that the company would cease
doing business in Wisconsin. 1t was
also learned that the Equitable and
New York Life Insurance companies
are considering the advisability of
withdrawing from Wisconsin because
of stringent insurance laws passed by
the last legislature. President Pea
body in announcing the withdrawal of
the Mutual from Wisconsin, which will
be affected as soon as practicable,
said: "The laws at the last session
of the Wisconsin legislature make re-
quirements which our company is I'M
willing to comply, and could not do so
with justice to the policyholders al
ready on our books. We therefore
deem it best to quit business in that
state"
River Falls journal. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1872-2019, 1907-12-12

to three inches wide, nearly to the
ground, says the Farm and Home, it
forms pocket around the base of the
tree in which water will stand after
each rain, thus causing the stump and
roots to decay rapidly. Care should be
taken to cut through the cambium or
inner layer of bark for here is where
the sap flows. A few nice shaped
trees of choice varieties should be
left in the pasture for shade.