davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening journal., 1907-07-15
ENEMY ATTACKS
zoo BEAR
ArmyK Rspu Ssdin Tims
TO Save Teddy TO the
Institution

Army worms. strongly reinforced
after their rout Of last week, opened
fresh assault late yesterday afternoon
on the Wilmington Free Zoo. and had
not the defending forces brought their
heaviest field pieces into action at the
critical time and driven the enemy
back IN broken and docimatod columns,
the defenders would he pursuing q real
live bear somewhere 10 the upper park
to-day as wen avs ths worms.
The attack of the enemy opened al
a time when the Zoo was crowded with
visitors. Many of thcm We're being
Interested by Teddy Brown when tho
bear located the enemy scaling his
breast works The invading worms
numbered millions ana completely
overwhelmed the bear. He retreated
from side 10 side of his fort, and as O
last resort 10 an orderly retreat pawed
np portion OF the cement on the
floor. This means Of retreat being un-
successful Teddy set MP "a wild cry of
alarm. attraclling the 400 earetakers,
who turned the right flank OF the
enemy just in time TO avert a Water
loo.
To-day the enemy is concentrating
fresh forces somewhere In the hills of
the park, while the defending army is
laying IN fresh supplies Of liquid Paris
green, etc Word came from the front
later to-day that 'Littlc Brownie" one
of the interesting monkeys in the Zoo.
is dead. Whether he rs the victim
of The enemy or the victim of a man
who yesterday handed him piece of
glass. which was covered with quick
silver. the hospital corps has not yet
reported Lieutenant General Bayn-
ard is Of the opinion that the latter
cause as responsible for the death Of
Brownie" He was laid TO rest this
afternoon with all the honors of war;
however.
Evening journal., 1907-07-15
poubIe IIaadar To .morrow.

Members of the wilmington and
York baseball clubs arrived in this
city last evening and are quartered at
The Clayton House. Owing 10 the po-
lice sports at South Side Park this
afternoon there win be no Tri-State
game but the teams viii play q dou-
Bile header tomorrow afternoon. The
local team win be at home for the re-
mainder Of the week.
Evening journal., 1907-07-15
Japanese vlslts WiImInaton

X lnomata a Japanese merchant
from New York, is a guest at the
Clayton House Mr.. Inomata has
been visiting the exposition at James
town. where a number Of his people
.are located. This is his first visit to
Wilmington, he having stopped over
on his way from jamestown to New
York. He arrived last evening and is
registered from Atlanta, Georgia.
Evening journal., 1907-07-15
predae LlbeIIea Eor Waaas.

Deputy United States Marshal
Mitchell has attached the dredge De
fender. belonging to Sanford & Brooks.
.of Baltimore, which is now working in
the Delaware river below New Castle.
The attachment was made on libel
for wages amounting to about $50 filed
by Ambrose Atwell one of the crew
of the dredge.
Evening journal., 1907-07-15
IS HURT ON THE
MARSHlP GEORGIA
sneeIal Lo The EvenIng IournaI:

BOSTON, July 15.-Fifteen men were in
iured in an explosion on the u. S. Bat
tleshlp Georgia now lying at Province
town, Mass, according TO a long distance
telephone message just received here. No
details are given.
Evening journal., 1907-07-15
FIRE DID LITTLE DAMAGE.

Fire in the partiuoning wall be-
tween the houses Nos 1916 and 1918
West Eighth street at noon to-day,
called out the fire department. but liz
tile damage was done. The alarm was
struck from box No. 236. Frank Brant
and Jonathan Scott occupy the dwell
ings.
Evening journal., 1907-07-15
Aetna pefeats MIiminaton Pros.

Aetna baseball team of Newark de-
feated Wilmington Professionals at
Newark ON Saturday by score of
8 TO 4. Scarborough and Moore were
batteries for Aetna and Collins and
Etrick for Wilmington.
Evening journal., 1907-07-15
BOMB EXPLODES AT
AMERICAN EMBASSY

fYonilSeny, near Constantinople.
The explosion was outside Of the
building, injuring several bystanders.
1t broke every glass in the windows.
The cause is unknown. No Americans
wede injured.
Evening journal., 1907-07-15
CHANDI I'D Undertaken
SHAINDkLA & Embalmer

No. 21l W. Ninth Street.
Carefr> attention day or night.
Bodies IN Boarding Houses, Hotels
and Hospitals removed and cared FOR
Mnt1 claimed. Carriages furnished.
ADDoantmesAsN nrst-cSass. Both Phones
Evening journal., 1907-07-15
Has position AZ Jamestown.

Palmer Jacobs. colored, proprietor Of
the Douglass House has obtained a po-
sition in the negro exhibit az the
Exposition. He states that
the fair Is far from completion even
at this date.
Evening journal., 1907-07-15
aHelIo BIlsv From ST. Louis.

six Pullman cars filled with Hello
Bills" from south St Louis passed
through Wilmington this morning over
the 'Pennsyl" at 7.04 o'clock enroute to
the Ellxs' convention in Philadelphia.
The cars wer gaily decorated with
streamers.
Evening journal., 1907-07-15
MiIl underao oneration.

Mrs. Leo Reinstein. OF o. 2ii East
Front street. will undergo an operation
az the Delaware Hospital this alter
noon. This viii be the second oper-
alton that Mrs. Reinstein has under
gone in the past two weeks.
Evening journal., 1907-07-15
Nm Resumes operations.

After having been closed down for
several days, the rolling mill of the
Wilmington Iron Company resumed
operations this morning The cause Of
the stopage of the mill was the break
ing Of a large roll.
Evening journal., 1907-07-15

Olga Nethersole has secured a
French play ia Riv5le" which she
win produce in New York when She
eegins her engagement thero in Janu-
Try. She will play again next sea
m in Paris.
Evening journal., 1907-07-15
oIeO Suspects Not Vet Arrested.

Though warrents have been sworn
out for violators Of the oleomargarne
laws in this city, it is understood that
no arrests have yet been made No
information can be gotten at the
United marshal's office concerning the
matter
Evening journal., 1907-07-15
Married az Ashnrv.

In Ashury n. L. Church parsonage this
afternoon George +. High and Miss Many
A. r. Dempsey both of this city. were
married by the Rev. IT, A. G. Wcster-
field MT and Mrs. High viii live at No.
1iS Wilson street.
Evening journal., 1907-07-15
Rids on stnte Hnsnital

The time for receiving bids for the
addition Of the State Hospital at. Farm
hurst has been extended 10 II O'Clock.
July %. instead of July %.
Evening journal., 1907-07-15

BY Our own Wire, Publishers Press.
WASHINGTON, July 15.-United
States Ambassador Leishmann reports
to the State Department that last night
Ia bomb exploded at the summer head
quarters of the American Embassy at
Evening journal., 1907-07-15
DEATHS

0dlnaIlne MCAloekeNs
Amanda w. Hinkson.
William Henry Smith.
Catherine Dormnn.
Beatrice Malonoy.
Mildred Virginia Dean
DEAN-On SUNDAY. July A. at Chris
tiana, Del. Mildred virginia Dean,
daughter Of William and Bertha
Dean. aged 3 years and days.
Relatives and friends are respect
fully invited to attend the funeral
from the residence Of ner grandmother,
Irs. Annie RatledGe, at Christsana, on
Wednesday. July i7. at 1890 O'Clock.
VIII take car leaving stanton at
O'Clock for Rivorview cemetery where
interment win be made.
NALONEY-In this city. on July A.
1907. Beatrice AIaloney. infant daugh-
ter Of J Joseph and Annie H.
Maloney,. aged 1 year.
The funeral win take place from her
parents residence. No. log South
jackson street. on Tuesday afternoon,
At o'clock Funeral private In
terment Cathedral cemetery.
HINKSON-Near Brandywine Summit
Camp Grounds, on July -. 1907
Amanda W dinlson, aged 60 years
Relatives and friends are Invited Ia
attend the funeral services at the resi-
dence OF her husband. Harrison Hink-
son. on Tuesday morning, at 10 O'Clock.
Interment at Sloan cemetery.
NcCLOSKEY-On the 18th inst
catharine. widow Of Thomas Nc
Cioskey, IN her 10th year.
) Relatives and friends are invited 10
attend tho funeral from her late resi-
dence. No. 1906 West street, az a. m.
on Tuesday the 10th. REQUIEM mass
at ST. Patrick's Church. Interment in
Cathedral cemetery.
Evening journal., 1907-07-15
RestalIrant snld

T. f. McEvilly Co. has sold the res
taurant, No. sos Madison street. owned
by Walter T. Cheavins. TO Thomas L.
Newell
Evening journal., 1907-07-15
Stock Markets

BY Our Own Wire, Publishers Press.
NEW YORK, July 15.-The market
was full of buying orders, the direct
result Of the Hartman report and price
movements all through the first hour
were to higher figures. Nearly every
thing on the list made gains ranging
from around one to oyer two points.
In Union Pacific trading was intensely
excited and the stock was taken all
(the way to 143.
There was urgent buying Of St. Paul,
Amalgamated, Southern Pacific and
steel common.
Government bonds were unchanged;
other bonds quiet
After the first hour trading increas-
ed and little selling pressure ap-
peared which appeared TO be mainly
by room traders and for profit taking.
NEW YORK July l5.-The stock market
opened at general gains as follows: Nor.
Pac. /; St. Paul, q Brooklyn Rapid Tran
Sit 1ss, Colo Fuel, Smelling, Southern
Pacific and Steel common, Is, Rock Island.
Penna. and Erie, 4. National Lead 4,
Atchison Is.
Amalgamated Copper opened one point
higher and reacted Is. Reading sold per
cent. ex-dividend and advanced nc.
o'clock quotations from Scott G. Co..
Bankers and Brokers, 9o2 Market St.
Evening journal., 1907-07-15

Grand Parade Of Elks in Philadelphia
Thursday, July 18th. Take Wilson Line
Steamers from Fourth Street Wharf
2 80 a. m Excursion 25c.r
Evening journal., 1907-07-15

Nat. Lad Co. 63k
n. Y. Central IIsk
Ont. & West. .3sH
Norfolk & West. 7sK
|Nor. Pacific .Is2X
Pacific Mail 40
Pennsylvania I23H
Peoples Gas ...e2
Reading Z. ID. Io2zk
Read. Ist pfd. So 4
Read. I'd pfd...7o
Rock Island ...77X
Rock Island pfd47x
southern Pac. SI3k
South. X. Com 2oX
Texas Paci6c...3oH
|T. c. & Leo I43
Union Pacific I37H
~. S. Steel ....sSX
|U. S. Steel pfdIooK
Wabash ...... I37E
Wabash pfd. ...74K
Western Union TX
OR. North. .pfd. I54H
Evening journal., 1907-07-15

EHERIFFfS sALE-BY VIRTUE OF A
writ Of Levnri Facias 10 me directed
VIII be exposed TO public sale at the
Tenth ana Eleventh streets. IN the CITY
o.. WILMINGTON New Castle county
fratn Of Ecin rfart
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1907-08-30
LOCAL WEATHER.
Summary OF Meteorological Condi-
lions for Last Week.

The local weather bulletin for the
week ending Monday evening last is
summarized as follows:
The weather during the past week was
generally unsettled and changeable for
all portions of the state. The first two or
three days were generally fair and warm,
being succeeded by cloudy and showcry
conditions during the middle and latter
parts OF the week. The nights continued
unseasonably COOL and the deficiency In
temperature was due mainly to TINS
cause. as the temperatures during the
daytime were, as rule, about normal.
light to damaging fros,s were reported at
a few localities in the northern portion
of the state on the morning OF the 18th.
The temperature average was consider
ably below the normal for the middle and
northern portions and slightly above for
the southern portions of the state The
highest temperature reported for the
week was 100 degrees, recorded at Cor
inne. Boxelder county. on the 22nd, and
the lowest, 81 degrees, at Snowvtlle, Box
elder county, on the 18th.
The precipitation for the section as a
whole averaged somewhat above the
normal, The rainfall was not evenly dis
trihuted. At some points none occurred,
while In other localities the amount was
excessive. Vicinites in Juab and Iron
counties were visited by unusually heavy
transforms, closely resembling cloud
bursts in duration ana amount of pre-
cipitation. Al Levan, Juab county, In
inches of rain and hail fell in about ono
hour Thunderstorms were frequent and
general during the week, and in some In
stances were accompanied by hail which
did considerable local damage. High wa
ter was reported in some OF the valleys
OF Iron county,
The amount of sunshine for the week
was below the normal. Cloudy conditions
were general during the latter part Of
the week. though the close was marked
by fair and generally favorable weather.
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1907-08-30
TEACHERS ASSIGNED.
Supt. Il. W. Ashton Places Pedagogues
In Granite District,

The assignment of teachers In the
schools Of the Granite district has been
announced by Supt. b. w. Ashton as
follows:
Big Cottonwood--Pri Fl. n.
CART; Mary Leigh, Rebecca Stay, Jes-
sic fireman, Mabel Wagstaff, Florence
Hamilton
South ttonwood-Erastus Howe
principal; Maggie Thompson, Leone AS
per, Marie Thomas
Sugar Observation-Disclosures, Preston ID.
Richards: Della Pendleton, Jessie Har-
roun. Katherine Forester, Bertha john
son, Laura Young, Mabel Sorenson
I.ibbie Edwards. Bertha Kunzler' Agnes
Mcmahon. Annie Johnson, Sadie How
ell, Amanda Brimm, Lillian Whelan
Christine Olsen. May Cornell, Elizabeth
Calderwood, Esther Hart.
Mil Greek, North District-Principal
oliver Jensen; Katheryn Hopp. Annie
Nil Creek. District s1--Principal, c.
c. Hsfensen; Mary Riches, ELY
Pincilln, Cliffle Cameron.
District 90. Brighton-Principal, julia
Smldt.
East Mill Creek, District 3a--Princl-
pal Andrew d. Allen; Katie Men,
ELAINE Neff.
Mill Creek, District S6--Princlpal
James L. Stark; Miss Florence Shake
ford. Annie NJ. Smith, Theresa Burton
Iidora Carlson, Effie Olsen.
Mill Creek, wilford SchOol-LollS
Ashton. Mamie Dorius.
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1907-08-30
DIRE CALAMITY
At BANCROFT, IDA.
Ralph Greer and Delbert Bowers
Overcome by Foul Gas
In Old Well.
YOUNG MAN KILLED BY CARS.
Louie Martin. u Half-Breed Indian
Meets Death on Railroad
Track.
snecial Correspondence.

Special Correspondence.
Bancroft, Idaho, Aug 2S.--A calamity
of a serious character happened yester-
day afternoon at the ranch of w. o.
Greer. ten miles south of this place
which has plunged the entire COM
munity In sorrow, death instantly TAX
ing two well known and most honor
able citizens, Ralph Greer and Gill
bert Bowers. Mr., Bowers is a young
man. 81 years of age, unmarried and
was working at the ranch of w. o.
Greer. Ralph Greer was married and
leaves a wife and two small children,
The two men were removing some
pipe from an old abandoned we'll that
had been filled up to the depth of about
30 feet. Mr.. Bowers went down on a
rope TO adjust coupling and was over
powered by the foul gas that had ac-
cumulated Mr.. Greer suspecting that
something was wrong but OF course
not realizing the true cause of the
young man'sssilence. Immediately low
cred himself to assist his companion
and was likewise overcome with the
effects of the gas. Help was soon sum-
moned and the unfortunate men were
drawn out by ropes that were cast
down Both were dead when recovered.
The remains of both win be taken to
Spanish Fork for interment. The be-
reaved and sorrowing relative have the
heartfelt sympathy of the entire neigh
borhood.
Both young men were born and
raised in Spanish Fork, where they
have many relatives, and where they
were held in high esteem.
KILLED ON RAILROAD.
At an early hour this morning
news reached town that man had
been killed on the railroad track about
two miles west of this station. Justice
of the Pence, George II. Fisher ut once
impaneled a coroner's jury and hand
car went to the scene The corpse
proved to be that of young half
breed Indian by the name of Louie
Martin. who was laboring on a hay
ranch near here But one wound was
found and that was a deep cut In the
head The body was brought to town
and Indian Agent Caldwell as Ross
Fork notified. The remains will be
sent there for burial. IT is supposed
that the young man was under the
influence of liquor to some extent and
had laid down by the track, 1t was
east bound passenger train that dealt
the blow
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1907-08-30

ter. and had written characters instead
of letters AS soon as this brand OF
Typewriter was located Mr. Garrison
sat down and wrote off quite neatly the
correct address and sent the letter on
its way
A large number of blind addresses
are due to the close similarity between
names of postoilces in the same state
In New JERSEY for instance there is a
Morristown, Mauricetown and
Moorestown: In PENNSYLVANIA there Is
n Bella, a Cpldcreek and Coles Creek.
Dilliner and Dillinger, Dutnore ana
Dunmore. Hamilton and HMnlinton'
Roland and Rowland.
HUMOROUS MISTAKES.
1t is the result of this same similarity
of sound that produces many humorous
mistakes. as when Helmetta. n. j., Is
mistaken for Hell Meadow Duchess
Junction for Dutch Johnson; COTS
Neck for cold Snake" Oyster Bay
ana North Dutchtown" for German
town.
Nearly every week letters directed to
George Washington. President of the
u s. A." fall into the hands or tue
clerks For years some poor iellow III
the south has been writing letters 10
the various presidents, numbering each
letter consecutiNely.
ms he sends one almost everv day one
of these letters was opened at the
White house and found to contain only
some illegible scratches. Such letterS
must not be thrown out by the sorterS'
Ihey must take TIE course of all mail
The working apparatus OF the plillu
reader consists of powerful mognilylng
glasses. books of reference, city direct
cries trade and occupation gazetteer >.
the army and navy lists, the register OF
lighthouses, registers of persons es-
pecially Interested In various artistic
and scientific pursuits (such as tie
naturalists' directory and even the
social register, books of codes ana cryp-
tographs and many maps
But the greatest and most eHecuNe
working tool of the blind reader, ana
one which cannot be produced or
bought with influence or money, IS his
knowledge of human nature. rms ne
brings to bear many times on pllnn
addresses which would otherwise be
relegated TO a vault in the dead letter
office.
cepted, no other European country has
the facilities for handling hard mall
that the New York city postofiice poss-
esses. Consequently many letters moi
intended for America at all reach here
If the postmaster of an Italian or
Russian CT receives ictler Wuvo,
superscription 1t is impossible for mn
TO decipher he will nine times out OF
ten send 1t on to- New York. although
! it may be intended for place hV'
miles from his own station. EXper'
| ience has taught him that this is tht
surest way of getting 1t to its destina
/ ton.
II is on record that the postmaste
| of an Italian town sent TO New York ;
| letter whose address he could not max
| out. and receiving back again In few
weeks found 1t was intended Tor nj
! own postoffice-New York Sun.
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1907-08-30
BOUQUET FOR j. D. SPENCER.
New York Insurance journal Says
Some Nice Things About Him.

a recent issue Of the New York Bulle-
tin, a journal devoted to the interests
Of lie insure ace, reproduces n picture Of
a prominent salt 14alSer, John d, spencer
and has a very complimentary notice OF
thHt gentleman.
The statement Is made that Mr.. Spencer
came into the service of the New York
Life toward the close Of 1871, and imme-
diately sprglng into prominence in that
association The policies written by him
during the 10 years number $40, aggre-
eating IN value S.9IS,l26. Tho article In
the Bulletin concludes as follows:
ut viii thus be seen that Mr.. Spencer
has labored uuremittingly and his labors
have borne fruit. In less than 10 years
he has placed and paid for nearly Loco
policies, amounting TO nearly two million
dollars His average for the entire per-
Tod is nearly 100 policies FOR $4,000 each
year. He operated IN Salt Lake city and
the country round about. HIS
word is as good as his bond.
and In consequence has u per-
manence that pays HIM fincly-and the
company as well--ln renewal commissions.
He is Drawing Nylic approaching
his second degree. He has been a mem
her OF the $4,000 club ever since it's or
Eanization In 1898. II Is a pleasure to
speak thus highly of Mr.. Spencer and
his work. ms he belongs to n class of
heldmen that are a credit to the profess
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1907-08-30

Big Cottonwood, Brlnton Sclool-Slva
burst. Emily Mcdonald.
Walter Wilson, prlncl-
PM; gcorglnn Webster, Emma j. Web
ster. Emily Rangcrtcr, Horeta Frame.
IacnOrn Bcnnlon
Mil Creek. district S9--Eimor VI
Howell principals Bert Palmer, Hazel
Hill, Ionnlc Hamilton
District 40--eC. Ray Bradford, prin-
cipalt Minnie MHrgotta Scott Jones,
Alice Burton, Abbic l.. Davidson, Ella
Christopherson, Amor Whipple. Louise
Botts, Mabel Gray, Pearl Allenbaugh,
Hattie Mcfarland, Gladys Quayle, Julia
Hallen.
East Granger Ethalyn Bonnion.
District A.. Pleasant Grecn-Taylor
Brockbank, principal; Phyllis Clayton,
Edith Walker
District 50--Minnic Haynes, princi-
pal; Margaret McDunough.
West Granger--C. w. Aldrich, prinCl-
pal; Irene Aldrich, Willard Jones, Anna
Stolhanske,
South Taylorsvlle--Ell Ben
nion principal: Lizzie Cook.
Teachers for the Garfield school arc
still TO be named.
The teachers engaged for the High
school are as follows: James r, Moss,
principal; H. T. Steffenson, A. A. kcrr
The Scott school at Fourteenth South
and Fifth East streets viii be used as a
hiah school and the pupils from Sugar
Big Cottonwood. Taylorsvillc and Gran
ger win be hauled to and from the
school I'm conVcyances. Tho Garfield
school is not yet completed hut am eff
fort Is being made to secure a tempo
rary building for school purposes until
the now building Is finished.
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1907-08-30
SYLVESTER JAMES SMALL.
Formerly Lived in MissouIa, Mont.
Which Is still His Home.

sylvester James Small, international
President of the photographers union. n
man about whome the limellght plays
prominently at the present time by rea-
son of his efforts on behalf of the strlk-
ing telegraphers, lived I'm Missoula for
number OF years and there are many
OF the oldtlmers there who have been
lollowing his career with more than of
ainary interest. says the Muscular.
Mr.. small really looks upon Missoula
as his home, for his mother and two
nfothers and Il sister reside in this city.
neing Mrs. stephen Pope, City Treas
urcr Harry NJ. Small. John Pope and
MIS- william Goldrick, respectively.
III was Just three years ago last
month that Mr., Small was selected as
me head officer OF the Telegraphers'
union, at the national convention In st.
Paul, having gone there from MIssoula'
where he had been working for a few
months as Associated Press operator
IN the Missoulian Office. Small had not
Deen mentioned for president and nat
uraliy his election was n pleasant sur
Prise To all OF his friends here.
sam small, as he is Familiarity known
wont 10 ~. Paul In company with Har-
freeman, one OF Montana's well
known newspaper men, 10 suggest the
International Typographical union, and
made speech before the convention I'm
support OF this proposition.
~ said that this speech was what
Nuil Tor nun the election TO his import
hhl position. Ho was known To many
oI ihe delegates present, having al one
.lme performed efficient work on be-
nalt OF the Associated Press men, Sc
curing Tor them an annual two weeks
vacation. They regarded him. there
ipre' as man Of executive ability and
me impression made by MIN on tho
convention ioor was 40 favorable that
ne was seriously considered for presi-
denl being the unanimous choice of The
ursaniEatloh when the nominations
were made.
sam Small 10 a self-made man In the
llhest sense OF the word. He has work
20 ms way up the ladder OF fame by
pefslsient and conscientious work, aud
ne mas received many hard knocks en-
foute, but he has won an enviable posi-
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1907-08-30

hospital, hundreds Of Chinese lanterns
being IN evidence, Refreshments were
served. and dnnclng was indulged in
upon the ground of the tennis court
which had been covered with canvas.
Mrs. Grassland was presented with
an alligator travelling bag, the gift of
the nurses, DR.. Joseph S. Richards
making the speech Of presentation.
From the members OF the graduating
class the guest OF honor received a
pin. The ladies in charge Of the re-
coptlon Were the Misses Hard, Slayin,
Ormsby, studebaker and willis.