davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The citizen-Republican. (Scotland, Bon Homme County, S.D.) 1???-19??, 1907-04-18
WRECKED TRAIN BURNS.
FIVE LIVES ARE LOST

- III
81. Paul, Mimi, april 17.-Running
at a. speed of forty miles 81 hour on
q straight track. the Great Northern
Westbound Oriental Limited, which left
mere for Pacific coast points Sunday
morning, was derailed at lis o'clock
Monday morning at Bartlett, N. d.
FIVE persons We're killed and a score or
more injured, some of them seriously.
after the wreck a gas tank exploded
and the train took fire, seven passenger
coaches being destroyed, the sleeper
and observation cars escaping the
There is sai to be some evil
dence that the rails had been tampered
with. Officials of the road say thai the
track in this vicinity had been appar-
entity IN first class condition, and they
are unable to account for the wreck
on ny other theory than that it was
the deliberate attempt of miscreants to
wreck the train.
The dead:
! W. B. JONES, mail clerk, Of Grand
Forks, N. D.
FOUR UNIDENTIFIED FOREIGN
ERS believed to be Greeks.
the wreck occurred on. the line di-
!V1d1ng Nelson and Ramsey counties.
the mail car completely jumping over
the engine and landing in Ramsey
county, while the remainder Of the
wrecked train burned in Nelson county
There We're many thrilling escapes
reported, and acts Of heroism on the
part of the passengers and train crew,
who escaped injury, were numerous.
The citizen-Republican. (Scotland, Bon Homme County, S.D.) 1???-19??, 1907-04-18
OF LAMP;
BURNS TO DEATH
Aged Woman Locks UP for the Night
and Expires in Flames Set
by a Candle,

Hill City, S. D., April 17.-Mrs. easier,
aged IS years., persisted last night in
a fire in her cabin on the edge of town.
She took supper at her sons house,
but had returned home only a few min
utes when the alarm of fire was given.
When men reached the house, it was in
flames n both doors were locked.
They broke open the back door to find
the aged oma standing as if para
lyzed in the center Of the room, she
swayed as they entered and fell sense
less, dying a few minutes afterwards.
1t is supposed hat she had locked
up for the night and was preparing
for bed the fire started. Becom-
ing bewildered and suffocated by smoke
she made her way to the kitchen not
realizing that she a locked the door.
Although her face and hair We're
burned yet death resulted from suffo-
cation. The fire probably originated
from Il candle as she always burned
being afraid Of a lamp. She leaves
two sons. George and Douglas. of this
city. h has made her home here
for the past twenty-five years and was
highly respected.
The citizen-Republican. (Scotland, Bon Homme County, S.D.) 1???-19??, 1907-04-18
Hs1r Il
TDSyw.

defendant. Gentlemen OF the jury.
have you agreed upon a verdict"
We have not" quickly responded
Foreman Deming B. Smith in a voice
the u room. Little Mrs. Thawi
reached up and grasped her husbands
hand. Thaw sat down Imply beside
her. She whispered comforting words
in his car and told him she believed
from what counsel said that there. was
a good nance OF his being liberated
ION bail.
Justice Fitzgerald. turning to III
jurors. said:
Gentlemen of the jury: / have
deemed 1t my duty to keep o here
! as long as there was a possibility OF
you reaching a verdict. / have ar
rived at the conclusion that it will
be impossible for you to do so. I have
consulted with counsel for the de-
Tense and the learned district attor-
ney and l am going to discharge you
from further consideration Of the
case, the public prosecutor and coun-
sci for the defendant consenting to-
! such discharge"
Justice Fitzgerald called on District
Attorney Jerome and Messrs. Daniel
O'Reilly and Clifford Hartridge, Of
Thaw's consel, to arise, and formally
enter their consent.
Then Mr.. Jerome spoke. Il will
ask" he said, that the defendant bel
remanded in custody as before"
The defendant will be so remanded,"l
ordered Justice Fitzgerald, and Thawt
arose and made his way out OF thei
court room.
The district attorney said he consid-I
cred it would be his duty to put Thaw
on trial again.
There are thirty-four homicide|
cases in my Office" he said, and four
teen or fifteen murderers in the
Tombs and they must have their day
in court. The Thaw case must take
it's turn
The citizen-Republican. (Scotland, Bon Homme County, S.D.) 1???-19??, 1907-04-18

clared that he, too, believed their task
was hopeless.
Thaw was remanded to the Tombs
without bail to await a second trial
on the charge Of having murdered
Stanford White.
Second Trial Late in Fall.
When this new trial would take place
no one connected with the case would
express an opinion. District Attorney
jerome declared there were many other
persons accused of homicide awaiting
trial and Thaw would have to take his
u with the rest. AS to a possible
change OF venue, both the district at.
torney and counsel for Thaw declared
they would make no sue move. Thaw's
attorneys will have a conference with
the prisoner to decide on their next
step. They nay max an early appli-
cation for bail.
Mr.. Jerome declared he would stren-
uously oppose it. He added the belief
that as seven of the jurors had voted
for guilty" his opposition probably
would be successful. In that event
Thaw has another long summer before
him in the city prison, for his case on
the already crowded criminal calendar
cannot possibly be reached until some
time next fall.
Thaw Hears Announcement.
The scenes attending the %noun
ment by the jury of it's inability to
agree was robbed of any theatrical
ism by the general belief tina after
their long elaboration and the reports
Of a wide division of sentiment the
Jurors could max no other report than
one of disagreement.
Thaw surrounded by members of
his family, received the news in abso-
lue silence. When 1T became known
that the jury was about to make it's
report, Thaw called his wife to a seat
by his side and sat with his right arm
thrown about her until he was COM
manded to stand and face the jurors.
Smiling and confident as he en-
tered h court room, he sank Imply
into his chair when Foreman Deming
d. Smith, in response to a question by
Clerk Penny as to whether q verdict
had been agreed upon, said:
W. have not"
Thaw Hoped to Last Minute.
When the disagreement of the Jury
was announced in court Thaw turned
even paler than he has been for the
last several days, and when he was re-
manded back to the city prison at the
suggestion of District Attorney Jerome
ne hung his head dejectedly.
Up to the very last Thaw had hoped
the twelve men woul finally agree on
a verdist of not guilty.
1t was 1920 o'clock Friday when JUS
tice Fitzgerald sent court messengers to
summon District Attorney Jerome and
counsel for the defendant. Three min
utes later he ordered the jury to report
before him in the court room. The Jury
filed in at 4:25 p. m. There was consid-
cradle delay waiting fo- District Attor-
ney Jerome, who had left the building
Thaw was brought before the jury at
1929 p. m. He entered smiling and con
fdent as ever. Soon his wife appeared
The citizen-Republican. (Scotland, Bon Homme County, S.D.) 1???-19??, 1907-04-18
STANDARD OIL
READY TO BREAK
Up; new START
Octopus, WiIted by Crushing
Chicago Defeat. Files An
swer in Big Suit.
is A
Conviction fer Relating Is Expected
to Have Great Moral Effect
on the st. Louis
Cases.

Washington, D. c., April 17.-Right
Standard Oil in the big rebating case
in Chicago the government is now
ready to. press it's much more import
ant case for the dissolution of that corr
poration.
There have been strong limitations
for some time that Standard Oil is get
ting ready for the worst by planning a
reorganization Of it's great system Of
properties and corporations on some
basis that will enable it to comply with
the letter of an adverse decision. How
spirit of the decision is only surmised,
but it is expected that when the gov
has secured a decree it will
have only begun the fight.
Last Answers Today.
The last answers of defendants
named in the big st. Louis case were
filed today with the exception Of n
individual defendant, who has been
given till April IS.
1t is expected the court will over
rule the demurrers of some of the
defendants, and hen the case will go
on to trial on it's merits.
The government is greatly pleased
with the result Of the Chicago case,
though its effect on the st. Louis liti-
cation is only indirect and moral. The
st. Louis case will be tried before the
same court that dissolved the Northern
Securities company and the DEPART
ment of justice has made this case
follow as closely as possible the lines
of the decisions made in that famous
action; consequently it is expected the
result will be the same, an order Of
dissolution.
The Chicago Victory.
Chicago, April 1.-THE Standard Oil
company, of Indiana, which has been
On trial for the last six weeks before
Judge e. M. Lands. in the United
States court, on charge of having re-
ceived rebates from the Chicago and
Alton railroad on shipments of oil from
Whiting, Ind, to East ST. Louis, ILL.,,
has been found guilty on 1,463 counts
out of the original 1908 in the indict-
msnt. The remaining 440 count We're
dropped from the indictment on ac-
count of errors.
M the verde is sustained the oil
company is liable to a fine of S29,26O,-
900, as the Elkins law, which the in
dictment charged the company with
having violated, provides a fine of
$1,000 to 100000 for each offense.
Pending a motion for a new trial
watch John S. Miller, chief counsel for
tho defense, announced would be made,
ne. action will be taken toward collect
ting the fine.
The citizen-Republican. (Scotland, Bon Homme County, S.D.) 1???-19??, 1907-04-18
BRIDGE WHIST BARRED
BY NEW LAW I'M UTAH

Salt Lake, April 17.-Bridge whist,
progressive eucher, matching pennies or
betting a cigar are barred in Utah. The
new law has just been passed by the
state senate. In an effort to amend it
to death it's opponents made it drastic
in the extreme. Under its provisions a
woman who gives a bridge party and
offers prizes is liable to a five-year term
in the penitentiary. Her guests who
may participate In the game, ana ac-
cept the prizs, also come within the
provisions Of the law.
The citizen-Republican. (Scotland, Bon Homme County, S.D.) 1???-19??, 1907-04-18
COURT DECIDES
AGAINST CARTO0MSTS

Washington. % C..Aprils17.-Th sl.
preme court today dismissed the writ
of error se..e'ack OF Jurisdiction In the
case of ex-United States Senator
Thomas M. Patterson, OF Colorado, II.
which the senator was fined 81, 200 by
the Colorado supreme court on charge
of contempt. h action has practic-
ally the effect of affirming the decision.
of the Colorado courts.
supreme court justices alleged con.
tempt against the ex-senator because
he aused to be printed in his news.
paper, the Denver News. caustic criti.
cisms of the courts decisions, and had
published cartoons ridiculing the jus.
tees. nj
The citizen-Republican. (Scotland, Bon Homme County, S.D.) 1???-19??, 1907-04-18
FIRE SHOULDERS 60
HOURS, STEEPLE BURNS

Cincinnati, O., April 15.-As a result
Of a stroke OF lighting the steeple on
Holy Trinity Catholic church, was sc
badly burned that it's wrecked frame
will have to be torn down.
For more than sixty hours a spark
smoldered at the base of the great
cross hat capped the big spire, Are
fighters have twice been called, each
time believing the flames subdued.
The citizen-Republican. (Scotland, Bon Homme County, S.D.) 1???-19??, 1907-04-18
NEGROES WOUND THREE
WOULD-BE LYNCHERS

New Orleans, April 17.-While a
score or more of white men were TAX
ing a negro charged with criminal as
sault on a white woman, from Jail at
Bunkie Law, last night, with the in
tention of lynching him, they were
fired on by a crowd of negroes who had
hidden near the Jail. Three white men
were wounded and n will probably
die.
After the shooting the negroes got
away carrying the negro prisoner with
them.
The citizen-Republican. (Scotland, Bon Homme County, S.D.) 1???-19??, 1907-04-18
GIRL CANNOT STOP
DANCING, EVEN UNDER
ETHER'S INFLUENCE
Theresa Horns Mania Like
That Which Caused New
England Witch Crusade.

Philadelphia, Pa, April I7.--After
nearly three days of almost continuous
dancing, Theresa Horn, employed by
John Kelly, a rich resident of Ardmore,
was placed today under the influence Of
ether in Norristown hospital to save
her from dancing her life away. Even
then her feet kept twitching.
The only parallels, according to the
doctors, are the strange dancing mania
caused by tarantula's bites and the
wiert. phenomenon which formed one
of the foundations for the horrible cru
sade against the witches of New Eng.
land.
The citizen-Republican. (Scotland, Bon Homme County, S.D.) 1???-19??, 1907-04-18
CINCINNATI BARS
kIMONO IN STREET
Chic Of Police Also Rules
/gainst High Heels With
Purple Stockings.

Cincinnati, April IA new dress re-
former is abroad to force sensible attire
for women. He has 600 assistants
sworn to aid him. and his name is Mil
likin, chief of police. Here is his edict:
1.-THE kimono must cease to be worn
on the street. The high-heeled slipper
must go when accompanied by purple
stockings or other gaudy ankle encase-
ments. Skirts must not be held too
high, no matter how rainy the day.
Young girls must not wear fascinat.
0rs."
The citizen-Republican. (Scotland, Bon Homme County, S.D.) 1???-19??, 1907-04-18
DAUGHTERS OF The
REVOLUTION CLASH
AS TO PRESIDENT
Senator Foraker's Wife Assa;N
Claims of Mrs. Mclean
for Reelection.

Washington, April 1.-THE sixteenrA
centennial congress Of the Daughters
Of the American Revolution assembled
in this city today in annual conven-
week.
The society will elect officers the
latter part Of the week. and Mrs. Jo-
seph B. Foraker, wife Of the Ohio SEN
ator, and candidate for president, is
already on the ground contesting the
claims of Mrs. Mclean for reelection
as head Of the organization. The con
test is bitter.
The citizen-Republican. (Scotland, Bon Homme County, S.D.) 1???-19??, 1907-04-18
DIET OF NAILS AND
GLASS FINALLY KILLS

Minneapolis, April 17.-Emmet Wall
lace, whose craving for nails, glass and
wire could never be satisfied. died in
the city hospital of chronic indigestion.
! Wallace was well known throughout
the northwest as the human ostrich
and though he ate nails. glass and
other junk daily, his stomach never
went back on him until a year ago.
when he had his first attack of dyspep-
STA.
The citizen-Republican. (Scotland, Bon Homme County, S.D.) 1???-19??, 1907-04-18
FROM BRIDGE.
BROWNS IN RIVER

Aberdeen, s.. D., April 15.-stanleyt
Jennick, working on the Milwaukee and
St. Paul bridge at Mobridge, west OIL
here. lost his balance and fell intol
the river and was drowned. Three at
tempts were made to rescue him, butt
were fruitless. Fellow workers charged
a nan in a boat with cowardice inl
refusing to row to the drowning man,
fearing he would upset in the swift
current.
The citizen-Republican. (Scotland, Bon Homme County, S.D.) 1???-19??, 1907-04-18
MUSICAL MAID CALLS
COWS BY ACCORDION

Great Darlington. April 17.-Miss
Phoebe Stannard, who resides on Blue
Hill, a an unusual way OF calling
the cows in at milking time.
She sits in the stable and plays or
an accordion, and so interested have
the cattle become in the music that
the minute they rear it they file into
the barn and into their stalls ready
for milking.
The citizen-Republican. (Scotland, Bon Homme County, S.D.) 1???-19??, 1907-04-18
DIED SIX DAYS AGO,
BUT STILL BREATHES

Wilmington, Mich, Apri. It's Ernest
Cobb dead, or is he sleeping? "A doctor
has pronounced him dead. Others say
he is not.
It is six days since he died., His
color is the same as in life. A starch
cloth, placed over his face, wilted,
which Is an Indication that there in
breath In his body. His arms, legs and
fingers are limp. His body does not feel
cold.
The citizen-Republican. (Scotland, Bon Homme County, S.D.) 1???-19??, 1907-04-18
COL. WELCOME MOWREY
SUCCUMBS TO CANCER

Des Moines, Ia, April 17.-Colonel
Welcome Mowrey of Traer county,
Iowa, died this morning at Excelsior
Springs, Mo-, of cancer of the stomach.
He was one of the best known farmer
politicians in Iowa, n was a member
Of h railroad commission for two
terms. Death comes as a great surprise
to his friends.
The citizen-Republican. (Scotland, Bon Homme County, S.D.) 1???-19??, 1907-04-18
EDDY TRUSTEES ASK
TO DISPLACE PLAINTIFFS

Concord, N. H., April 17.-Henry NJ.
Baker, Archibald Mcclellan and Josiah
E. Fernald, trustees of the estate of
Mrs. Mary Baker G.. Eddy, filed a mo-
ton in superior court today asking that
the next friends Of Mrs. Eddy, the
plaintiffs in the original suit, be ordered
to show cause why the motion of the
trustees for leave to intervene and be
substituted as plaintiffs in place of
said ''ne1.t friends" should not be
granted
The citizen-Republican. (Scotland, Bon Homme County, S.D.) 1???-19??, 1907-04-18
NEBRASKA TOWN rs
WIPED OUT BY FIRE
Benedict Loses Whole Business Section,
and Residence District Is
Now in Flames.

Benedict, Neb., April 1.-THE entire
business portion of Benedict was de-
-stroyed by fire this morning and the
flames have now invaded the residence
portion. Nine residences have been
burned. Help las been sent from York.
sOsceola and or er towns.
The citizen-Republican. (Scotland, Bon Homme County, S.D.) 1???-19??, 1907-04-18
BOY PRISONERS USE
o TO PICK LOCI

Chicago, April 17.-By breaking a tin
spoon in two and using it as a skele-
ton key, Harry Close, 16, n Tony
Coponegro. II. escaped from a cell in
the Cottage Grave venue police sta
ton, and rave not been recaptured.
The citizen-Republican. (Scotland, Bon Homme County, S.D.) 1???-19??, 1907-04-18
BANK ROBBER GETS
40 MONTHS IN pen

Dubuque, Ia, April II. = Barney
Hansen, the Masonville bank robber,
who confessed and told where the
money was hidden, was sentenced to
three years and four months in the
penitentiary today.
The citizen-Republican. (Scotland, Bon Homme County, S.D.) 1???-19??, 1907-04-18

! Stockton, Cal, April IL :
= Lindiey Hicks, the miner who :
\ was entombed fifteen days in q :
y mine near Bakersfield, and is
\ now showing in theaters about :
y the country, has eloped with
= the young and pretty wife of Eli
y Celse, a butcher at Lodi. Celse
y says he does not care as his wife
y will return when she tires Of
. Hicks.
The citizen-Republican. (Scotland, Bon Homme County, S.D.) 1???-19??, 1907-04-18

New York, April 15.-Hopelessly al
sided-seven for a verdict OF guilty Of
murder In the first degree and Ave for
acquittal on the ground of insanity
he jury which since January % last
had been trying Harry K. Thaw re-
ported after f~orty-seven hours-as and
eight minutes OF elaboration that It
could not possibly agree on a verdict.
The twelve men were promptly dis
charged by Justice Fitzgerald, who de-
The citizen-Republican. (Scotland, Bon Homme County, S.D.) 1???-19??, 1907-04-18
THAW Jury DlslGlR|ElEs,
FIVE FOR AGQulII1lIAg
Seven Vote Favoring Conviction.
For Murder Ia the First
Degree.
THIS a A NEW TRIAL
Thaw vii Probably Havs 70 Remain
in the Tombs Pending Hearing
Of the Second
Case.
HOW THE JURORS LINED Up.

HOW THE JURORS LINED Up.
For conviction OF murder In the
first degree: Deming B. Smith.
Charles Fecke, No. 5; Harry c..
Brearley, No. s.; Charles d. New
ton. No. s; Joseph b. Bolton, No.
al, and Bernard Gerstman, No. 12.
For acquittal on the ground Of
insanity: Oscar A. Pink, No. 4;
Henry C.. Harvey, No. s; NAL
colin S. Frazer, No. Z: wilbur f.
Stesle, No. 9, and John S. Denne,
No. 10.
Sequachee Valley news. (Sequachee [Sequatchie], Tenn.) 1896-1952, 1907-03-28
Pryor Cove.

Sbeciai 10 tie Ne7OS.
F. NJ. Mccullough is fixing to plant
corn.
Will Brewer, of Jasper, was in the
cove Friday.
Miss Nora Mccullough visited at
Mrs. Haynes Saturday.
Anderson Shadrick and sister, were
in South Pittsburg Friday.
Charlie Watson went to South Pitts
burg Saturday.
Mr.. Walsh was in Jasper Saturday.
Mrs. J. NJ. Haynes visited relatives
at Glover Hill Saturday and Sunday.
A. L. Mccullough was in the cove
Sunday
T. L. and w. d. Haynes and A. w.
Ferguson were in Chattanooga Thurs
day and Friday.
Mrs Tom Foster, of Jsaper, visited
Mrs F. NJ. Mccullough Wednesday.
Dick Pryor and daughter and grand
daughter were visiting his sister in the
cove Sunday.
f. NJ. Mccullough was called to
Whitwell Monday of last week to hold
an inquest over a man that died in the
mines.
Mrs. E. g. Haynes visited Mrs. J.
NJ Haynes Tuesday.
Burrows Wells passed through the
cove Tuesday.
Pat Thach. Of Jasper, was up at F.
NJ. McCullough's Monday.
Hot Summer Pal.
Sequachee Valley news. (Sequachee [Sequatchie], Tenn.) 1896-1952, 1907-03-28
ROOpe.
.SbeeiaL TO tie Ne7OS.

Special TO the Nc7OS.
Miss Alice Parker went to Whiteside
Monday.
King Wooten is visiting his sister,
Mrs. Alice Bailey.
Mrs. Maggie Colston and Mrs. Tom
Degnan visited friends at Whiteside
Monday.
If you want to see Miss Faytie Myers
mile just ask her about Tom Newsome.
Geo. O'Bar said come on with your
post card. He had rather read them
than the Sequachee News.
Misses Faytie Myers and Ellen Bail
ey were visiting friends on the river
Thursday and Friday.
Mrs. L. R. Janey's little daughter,
Thelma, is very sick with the measles.
Wonder how Haskell Campbell enjoys
tipping his hat at the young ladies.
like to hear from the Whiteside
sausage.
Wonder how Miss Ellen Bailey liked
her conversation with Tom Looney
Sunday.
Tonic Daffron was seen out on Main
Street Monday with smile on his face
as long as fence rail. Wonder If he
saw MS girl Ounudy.
Miss Faytie Myers said she didn't
know how to compare with the jokes
that were told on her after she came
back from the river.
Miss Ellen Bailey said she enjoyed
talking to that fellow on the river Sun
day.
We were sorry they didn't have
church Sunday as there was q large
crowd out.
Misses Matte Houts and Annie
Thatcher were out on the mountain
with their best fellows Sunday.
Geo. O'Bar sent down by certain
fellow for a collar, No. 2215 and a
three-foot tie. Oh, won't he step high
with his new britches, collar and tie
on Sunday?
A certain man got a new pair OF
britches and was expecting to take q
trip to SO. PittsbuEg, but his old la
dy set hen in his derby and he will
have to wait three long weeks until
she comes off. Come along, and | will
give you my old last summers straw
hat
Ernest Fouts and family left Satur-
day for Whitwell to make their future
| home.
Ed Newsome and wife visited home
folks Saturday and Sunday.
Miss Alice Parker seemed not to en-
JOY her post card the other evening
Wonder why.
Geo. O'Bar said the more he looked
at Miss Faytie the prettier she got.
Frank Dagnan said nothing woul'
please him better than to hang his ha
on Mr.. Bailey's porch or sit on tn
gate post either. Lookout, Frank, g
slow around there as l am laying TO
YOU. Crooked Tom.
Sequachee Valley news. (Sequachee [Sequatchie], Tenn.) 1896-1952, 1907-03-28
THE LIGHTNING EXPRESS.

The lightning express from the depot so
grand
Was just going out on its way.
Opposed to the passengers on board VINO
Seemed cheerful, happy and gay,
Was one poor boy who sat by himself
Reading letter he had.
1t was plain to be seen from the tears In
his eyes
That the contents of it made him sad.
A stern old conductor then started to
take
The tickets of everyone there,
When finally reaching the side of the
boy
He gruffly demanded his fare,
Il have not a ticket" the boy then
replied,
''But I'll pay you back some day"
"Fll have to put you off at the next
station then,
But stopped when he heard the boy say
"Please, Mr.. Conductor, don't put me
off your train;
The very best friend that have in
this world
Is waiting for me there in pain,
Expected to die any moment and may
Not i've through the uay
I want to bid mother farewell, sir,
Before God takes her away.
AS mother was ailing before | left
home,
And needed a doctors care,
l came to this city employment to get
Bbut couldn't find any work there.
A letter this morning arrived:
Come home; mother dying, it said,
And that is the reason I'm asking to
ride
Though I haven't any ticket to give. 80
A little girl sitting close by then ex-
claimed,
IF you put that boy off it, shame, "
And taking his hat a collection she
! made
And soon paid his fare ON the train.
"Pm obliged to you, Miss, for your
kindness to me. -
you're welcome" she said ''nevel
fear"
Each time the conductor would pass
through the car
The boys words would ring in his ear
Expected to die any moment
And may not live through the day,
l want to bid mother farewell, sir,
Before God takes her away.
SUDA KERSEY.