Los Angeles herald., 1907-04-18
MR.. CARNEGIE
MAKES REPLY
TO ROOSEVELT
TheodOre'S Objections
Explained
French Government Deeorstes Presi.
dent Of National Tesee Congress
with Cross Of the Legion
Of Honor
Bv Assoclated press.

BY Associated Press.
NEW YORK, April 17.-The firsl ses-
sion of the national peace and arbitra-
tion congress ended tonight with two
large banquets, one at the Hotel Astor
and the other at the Waldorf-Astoria.
The event of greatest interest wa the
decoration of Andrew Carnegie with the
cross of the legion Of honor by the
French government, represented by
Baron dEstournelles de Constant, in
appreciation Of his work for peace and
his gift of the palace at The Hague.
Mr.. Carnegie, who is president of the
congress, tonight gave out statement
as to the result Of the congress. AL
though not so designated by Mr.. Carne-
gle, the statement Constitutes a reply
to some Of the suggestions contained in
the letter which President Roosevelt ad-
dressed to the congress on the opening
day. Mr.. Carnegie quotes these state
ments as objections" and answers
them as follows:
Carneeie's Answers
"Our peace conference has brought
three objections clearly before US. First,
nations cannot submit all questions to
arbitration.
Answer: Six of them have recently
done so by treaty-Denmark and The
Netherlands, Chile and Argentina, Nor
way and Sweden.
Second, justice is higher than peace.
Answer: The first principle of nat
ural justice forbids men to be judges
when they are parties to the issue. All
law rests on this throughout the civil
lied world. Were a judge known to sit
on a. case in which he was secretly in
terested he would be at once dishonored
and expelled from his high office. If
any civilian refused to Eubn.it his dis
pute with neichbor to disinterested
parties and insisted upon being his own
Judge, he would violate the first princi-
pies of justice. If ,;e resorted 20 force
in defense of his right to judge he
would be dishonored as a breaker of
the law. Thus peace with justice is Sc
cured through arbitration, never by one
of the parties sitting as judge in his
own cause.
Nations being only aggregates of in
dividuals they will reach justice in their
judgments unless the same rule holds
good, viz: That they, like individuals,
shall not sit as judges in their own
causes. What is unjust for individuals
is unjust for nations.
"Third-It is neither peace nor JUS
tice, but righteousness that shall exalt
a nation.
Defines Righteousness
'Answer-Righteousne is simply do
ing what is right. What Is just is al
ways right; what is unjust is always
wrong. 1t being the first principle of
justice that men shall not be judges
in their own country to refuse to SUBJ
NIT to judge or arbitrator Is unjust,
hence not right, for the essence of
Righteousness is justice. Men who place
justice or righteousness above peace
practically proclaim that they will COM
nit injustice and discard righteousness
by constituting themselves sole judges
of their own case, in violation of law,
justice and right.
Civilized man has reached the con-
cluSion that he meets the claims of
justice and right only by upholding
the present reign of law. What is right
for each Individual must be right for
the nation. The demand that interested
parties shall sit in judgment is the
wickedness that degrades nation"
Baron D 'Estournelles de Constant an
nounced in his address at the Waldorf
Astoria banquet that the cross of the
Legion of Honor had been conferred by
the French government on Andrew Car
negie and then proceeded to the ban
quet at the Hotel Astor, where the dec
oration was formally presented to Mr..
Carnegie.
About 600 guests were present at the
Waldorf dinner. Seth Low was pres
ent and announced messages from the
kings of Norway and Italy, the presi-
dent of Switzerland and the Nobel
peace commission of the Norwegian
parliament. All complimented the peace
conference and expressed wishes for the
success Of the work
Baron 'Estournelles de Constant
gnOkA nf fhn ff1onnrtanpn of do.
peace. Prof. Hugo FRANKIE of Harvard
spoke for the, university and in meas
ure for Germany
William j. Bryan was the last speak
er of the afternoon session. When he
was introduced the audience applauded
wildly. In part he said:
This body is not official. We repre-
sent no government therefore we can
be more free in our expression than an
official body would be. man is easier
in speaking for himself than for the
millions he represents.
I'VE understand Germany keeps a
great army for fear France will at
tack her. Yet we are not surprised
when we hear from Baron de Constant
that his nation wants peace and will
lead in the peace movement.
Germany FaVors Peace
"Yet, too, we need not be surprised
to hear that Germany's so-called war
lord is friend and advocate of peace
England, we know, has a great and
fearsome navy, and yet we should not
be surprised to hear that King Edward
is peace-loving and peace-seeking.
"Other nations may be surprised to
hear that we have doubled our army
and navy in ten years That we spend
millions upon millions more each year
In their support is known yet the pres
ident is called the agent of peace and
we are a peace-loving nation. These
are seeming Inconsistencies. However,
they are not ours alone.
I'VE must not be surprised II some
NJ ua have bonas for naaoa that a,yo,,