The Washington herald., 1907-12-08
Emancipation a Problem He
Found Difficult.
PROCLAMATION HURT SOUTH
Freed Negroes After Much DeIibera-
tiOn, at n Time when They Could
Deal n Vital Blow for the Union.
Did Not Consider Black Race the
White Mans Equal.



United States. he would unquestionably
answer President Abraham Lincoln. He
would also proclaim him the champion
Of white and black race equality.
II is one Of the strange freaks of pro-
fame history that mankind apotheosizes
its political and martial leaders. and en-
tirely loses sight Of many features OF
their characters that. if known more
thoroughly and generally. might de-
terlorate in large portion Of the worlds
estimate.
The study Of the intellectual and ethical
evolutionary growth OF great characters
Of the pashin all ages is OF interest and
profit 10 every succeeding generation of
men. especilly so in our own history.
The martyred Lincoln is on record in
early and middle life as opposed. no, only
10 chattel slavery of the negro on po-
litical and ethical grOunds-hs immortal
proclamation Of emancipation was "fit
and necessary war measure. as ne HIM
/ self says in it-but, on the other hand.
| equally decided was his opposition TO the
lnegro's social equality with the superior
white race.
/ in this respect? That the public may see
for itself what Mr.. Lincoln's expressed
opinions were on the negro question.
the subjoined extracts from some OF his
| literary works have been culled by the
writer. and are presented that they may
reconcile our "colored brother" somewhat
20 the use Of the so-called Jim Crow"
cars
JOINT DEBATE BETWEEN Mr.. DOUGLAS
AND Mr. LINCOLN
First joint debate ~ Ottawa. August y. 1888
Mr.. Lincolns reply
/ NJ Fellov-ci;izens:
There vas a call for a convention 10 form g Re
publican party az Springfield. and ] think that my
friend. Ar. LOyei0y. who is here upon tins stand.
had a hand ia h. I think this is true. and I think.
il De viii remember accurately Zee viii be able 10
/ ucollect that De tried 20 get ne into %. and
/ would not 20 in.
/ ] believe that IL Is also true tia. went away
from Springfield when tie convention vas in session
% attend court in farewell COUNTY. n Is TIE that
I they did place ny name though without authority
I upon the committee and aftcruard wrote me % at
tend the meeting az She committee but refused O.
| Do So. and never had anything 20 Do with that
organization.
! When Southern people ten rs they are no more
responsible Tor the origin " slavery than we.
knowledge the fact. When 70 is sid that the instr
tuition exeE and that IL j. very difficult % get nd
81 II IN ana satisfactoIy way can understand and
appreciate the saving. ! surely VIII not blame them
/ Ter not doing what should not know hos % do
1 myseA II al earthly powers WeTe given me.
should not know what % do a. TO the Histiug inst
tuition
! sy first impulse would be 10 free an The slaves
and send them o. Li-erl-io their own native land
But q moments reflection would convince me that
whatever q high hore there may b. in this in the
/ long run its sudden execution is impossible
II uley were all landed there h a day they would
all perish I'M the next ten days-and there are not
surplus shipping and surplus money enough in the
world % carry tcm there IN many times ten DAYS.
! What thens Free them ALL and keep them among
rs as uudeTingsf "a II quite certain that this bet
ters their condJiong think would not hold them
m slavery AZ any rate set tie point Is not clear
enough 20 me 20 den0uncc people mon What nrrts
Free them and make them politically and socially
our equals! Ny feelings vii not admit Of this
2 aud n mine would we well know that the great
mass ~ white people wall not Whether this feeling
sccords with justice and sound Judgment is not the
I sole question. H. indeed. il IS any part o. H.
universal feeling. whether well or IN founded can
not be- safely disrssarded. We cannot, then. make
/ I win say here while upon this subject. that
have no purpose directly indirectly % interfere
with the institution Of slavery IN The states where
/ II exists ] believe have lawful night % do So:
have no purpose % introduce political ami So~isI
/ equality between The white and black races There
l Is physical difference between the two which IA
ms Judgment viii probably forever forbid their liy-
ing together upon the footing n perfect EQUALITY
and. inasmuch II becomes a Necessity that there
must BE- a difference. l. well Judge Douglas.
\ am in fayor>0f the race 20 which I belong having
/ the superior position
] C'Stories and Speeches Of Abraham lincoln
EMANCIPATION 9ROCLASIAFION
Issued by President Lincoln. January J. 1855. at
] Washington, T. C.:
! Whereas on the twcuty-second day Of Sertcml.-r.
IN the scar Of our Lord one thousand eight hundred
/ and sXty-two. a proclamation was issued by the
President Of The United States containing amlug
/ other things. the following 10 Wit:
| That The first day Of Jaraiarr i'm the wear q
our Lord 1868. all persons held as slaves within any
State or designated part Of a State the ueone
whereof shall then De ia rebellion against the United
States shall be then. thenoefcrNard and forever
irte. anu the executive government Of the United
states including the military and naval authority
thereof win recognize and maintain the freedom Of
such persons. and viii do no act or acts % rcurfss
saeh persons. or any Of them. in any Efforts they
may make fer heir actual freedom.
That the Executive Will on the first day of Jan
uary Aforesaid by PROCLAMATION designate the states
and parts az States. II any In which the people
thereof respectively shall then b. in rebellion against
the United States: and the fact that any state "a.
the peopic thereof shall ca that day be in good
! faith represented in the Congress Of the United
states by members chosen thereto az elections
wherein a majority Of the qualified voters Of such
State shall have participated, SHALL IN the absence
OF strong "C7teryailing testimony he dCcmed con
elusive evidence that such State and the ueople
thereof. are not then in rebellion against the United
States"
Now. therefore. l. Abraham Lincoln President o,
/ the United States. by virtue Of the power IN me
vested commandments Of the army and uavy
Of the United States in time q; actual armed rebel
hon against the authority and government o. the
[ United states, as nc and necessary war measure
for slppressiug said rebellion do on the first day
q January IN the year Ct oar Lord 1865 and in &C
! cordancc with my purpose 50 70 do. publicly rru-
claimed for the fun period Of one hundred DAYS from
the day first mentioned. oEder and designated as
The States and parts Of States wherein the people
thereof respectfully this day in rebellion against
the United States. the following t.pwit
Arkansas Texas. Louisiana Except the parishes Of
I st. Bernard. Paquomine. jefferson ST. John, st.
/ Charles ST. James Ascension ASSUMPTION Telre
leans. intending the City q New Orleans, Mis-
/ ssSipl Alabama. Florida. Georgia, North Caro-
l Ina South Carolina. and Virginia texcept the
forty-eisht counties designated as West Virginia and
also the counties Of Berkeley. Accomac NorthamIS
ton. Elizabeth City York. Princess Anne and Nor.
folk including the cities Of Norfolk and Portsmouth
ard which excepted parts for the present lef,
precisely as il this proclamation we're not issued
And, by virtue Of the power and for the purpose
aforesaid. l do order and declare that all persons
held as slaves within said designated States
and part Of States. are. and hencefCrWard shall BE-
free AMI that the executive government of the
United States. including the military and naval au
thorities thereof. viii recognize and maintain the
freedom Of said persons.
And further declare and make known that such
persons Of suitable condition viii be received into
the armed service cf the United States. garrison
forts positions, stations. and other PLACES. and e
man vessels Of an sorts in said service.
Ia testimony whereof have hereuntO set my namc
and caused the seal Of the United States 10 De az
| fixed
Done az the City Of Washington this first day Of
January in the year Of Lord enc thousand eigh;
hundred and sxty-three and Of the Independence Of
the United States the eighty-seTenth
/ ABRAHAM LINCOLN.
b the President
WILLIAM H. SEWARD.