The Miller press. [volume] (Miller, S.D.) 190?-current, 1907-03-14
REVIEW OF THE WORK OF CONGRESS
Important Measures Passed During the Short Session
immigration Law The Right Of Appeal in
Criminal Cases.

ton or the Santo Domingo treaty. BY
this action the government Of the
United States is not committed To any
more certain duty in looking after the
interests OF the I.atin-American repub-
lies of this hemisphere than is incur
red in the ayowed national policy of
upholding the Monroe doctrine.
But what is gained. as is believed,
by the ratification OF this treaty is
tranquility in Santo Domingo and the
aid and encouragement by this govern
ment 10 Santo Domingo in pulling her
self out OF the mire of debt I'm which
she is involved without any accompa-
nyiDg annoyance from foreign powers.
With respect to general legislation,
probably the most important action of
the congress just closing was the pas
sage of the immigration bill and the
measure comforting upon the federal
government the right TO appeal in
criminal cases.
The immigration law just enacted
opens the way for improvement in the
character OF the immigrants that come
TO these shores. Taken in connection
with the policy outlined ipIhe provl-
sion relative TO the incomingsof Orien-
tai laborers and the provision for a
thorough investigation of conditions
surrounding emigrants and the sources
of immigration in foreign countries
the bill enacted at this session is of
tremendous importance To the whole
country, industrially and commercial
ly.
II is a troublesome problem, this at
tempting 10 depart from the ancient
rule OF asylum for the people of all
lands. Time has shown, however, that
the United States has. in addition 10
furnishing homes for the best classes
Of people, who have come to be Amer
lean citizens OF the highest standard
and who have contributed TO the up
building OF the nation in all directions
where well directed labor and wealth
production under wise laws have add
ed TO the comfort and happiness OF this
country--in addition to these desirable
features the gates which have always
opened inward have let In far too
many undesirable people, diseased,
MANNED, degenerates and criminals,
who have gone to swell the almshouses
and the jails. thus becoming charges
upon the well-to-do in this land. as
we'll as detracting from the social or
der and we'll being Of our people,
A measure which affords relief from
some of these great evils. as the i'm
migration law just enacted promises TO
do, cannot but be of great value TO the
American people. .
The criminal laws of the United
States are statutes passed by congress.
There is no common law relating 10
crimes so far as the nation is concern.
ed. Issues of law in the trial OF per.
sons charged with violation of the
criminal statutes of the United States
have always been taken advantage of
by defendants, but no provision exist,
ed for the government taking such is
sues of law 10 the higher courts where
the decisions of the judges Of the low
or courts were favorable to the defend
ants.
The law is changed by the action OF
the congress at its present session.
The government will now have the
RICH, 20 prosecute appeals or writs Of
error on questions of law decided by
the inferior courts to the highest tri-
bunal in the land. The defendant in
criminal court has always the protec-
ton of his constitutional rights, which
may be urged in his favor TO the high
est court. ,@a;
II has been found upon many occa-
sions that decisions Of the lower fed
eral courts, touching questions Of law,
when In favor Of the defendant on trial
for infraction OF criminal. law OF the
United States, even before. thssdefend-
ant has lost the protection OF the jeop-
ardy right In the constitution OF the
country, has appeared to be so erro-
neous that the defendant would 60 un.
whipped Of Justice. II is now proyid-
ed that such. issues OF Law 80 raised
may be prosecuted by writ OF error
sued out by the government to test in
the higher courts the soundneSs OF the
legal opinion rendered by the Judge in
the lower court.
So many new and complicated stat
utes of criminal nature have been
enacted by congress during the past
few years in the effort Of the people 10
secure redress OF grievances by the
abolition OF railway rebating and kin
dred wrongdoing by great corporations
that II has come to be recognized that
the government must in the interests
II justice be clothed with the power TO
test legal questions in criminal cases
by some authority other than the
judges in courts OF first instance. This
legislation 10 supplemental to the acts
OF this and previous congresses intend
Ell to restrain the powers OF those
whose evildoing is, In the main. an
abuse of the use of wealth.
Among the other measures passed by
congress at this session Is the curren-
cy bill, making important changes In
the laws relating to banking and the