New-York tribune., 1907-10-06

Arabs were the unrestricted masters and tho
only representatives. of immense trade. 1t
therefore seems not impossible that in that great
age OF maritime discoveries the enterprising
Emperor had set his eyes Philippineward and
had won temporary nominal suzerainty over
the native tribes Of Luzon."
Reference is made to a daring plan conceived
by the Spanish Governor of the Philippines in
the latter part Of the sixteenth century to capt
ure and govern the whole OF China Another
Governor in 1593, by cruel treatment of the Chi
nese III the island. brought a revolt which re-
suited in his assassination. To this Spanish
treatment Dr Laufer partly attributes the poll
icy of the Chinese in the following centuries to
exclude far possible all foreigners from
their shores Indeed if would fully grasp
the nnermost causes of the Boxer rebellion" he
says. I'VE must so back to the history of the
relations of the Spaniards to the Chinese in tho
Philippines"
Very early in the seventeenth century an his
toric expedition in search of an island of gold
in the Philippine group, according the Chi
nese documents, was mistaken by the Spaniards
and natives as an invasion of their territory. In
the resulting battles twenty-five thousand were
killed, and the golden island was still unbound.
From the time of this disastrous expedition to
the present century the story is one of con-
tinual series of massacres and resettlementA
Beginning after the first big massacre. the later
history is summarized by Or. Laufer follows:
Nevertheless, the Chinese appeared again,
and their settlement was again tolerated. How
ever great the hatred of the Spaniards and
FiliIiaos toward them was. they were conscious
Of the fact that without Chinese trade and in
dustly the Philippines could not exist. Since
the seventeenth century the Philippines havo
been in decadence owing to the decline of Span
ish power. The consequence was that Manila
lost its attractions for the big Chinese capital
lists Who preferred to invest their money in the
hourshing Dutch colonies, and that after the
second half of the seventeenth and eighteenth
centuries the Chinese immigrants came from
the lowest classes of the coast population Of
huangtung and Fuhklen-'poor DEVILS whose
capital was made up of diligence and thrift
only. In 1909 the Chinese were banished from
Manila under the pretext that they were carry
ing off the public wealth but they did not hest
tat, to come back again. In the course Of tho
eighteenth century they settled down also In
the smaller places the island of IIuzon. In
17i7 a royal order for their final expulsion ar
rived from Madrid, the execution OF which was
suspended. When the British in 1862 captured
Manila and demanded the surrender of the ISL
ands the Chinese all joined the English Tho
Governor, Senor Anda then gave the order: AN
Chinese on the island to be hanged" which was
conscientiously carried into effect. Many Chi
nesc retreated with the English after they had
returned Manila to the Spaniards on the con-
cluslon OF peace. Nevertheless, the Chinese dis
trict was populated again during the next few
years though orders were issued from Madrid
not to tolerate any settlement OF Chinese at
Manila. This, like all subsequent ordinances Of
Spain. was entirely futile in checking Chinese
Immigration. which continued. in fact until the
end uf Spanish rule the islands"
To complete his study Or Laufer has gath
cred together from Chinese sources much mate
rial Of interest 10 the student Of the physical
man and his customs. He has also gathered
data concerning methods and articles OF trade
between the Chinese and the Fihpinos
DEACON FORGETS HIMSELF.