Bisbee daily review., 1907-11-03
50 PER Gent OF
EVERY TREE
WASTED
Practice of "Skimning the
Cream" in LAUNDERING Was
Brought to Halt by Menace
of No Forests to Skim,

Ieses; tho. "a nc- ce=t. g tkc e-e--
age tree as it stands in the woods
comes into the market IN the form nf
understandable products, according to
the statistics of government experts.
The remainder is allowed To 90 to
waste. Some trees supposed to be of
little value have besl habitually neg
lecJed altogether an.I left IN The
woods to fan aad dGcsy.
The seriousness of this waste qUes-
ton made little impression en- lum
bermen and the ,ers of lumber until
forests began to fall and prices
reached a point wher building oper-
ations We're handicapped. Lumber
men have too often gone into the
richest forests of the country and
merely skinned the cream" taking
only choice parts of the trees, and
wasting the remainder. Scarcity has
now called halt, and made it neces
sary to put the whole tree to its best
use.
The Forest Service early realized
the need of turning to account what
was thrown away, and it began in
vestigatiOns with that end in view.
Because of lack of facilities in Wash
AA5AtAA, AeADtA dlOiE SS were .ESLdBilbhSu
in other cities, the location of which
seemed to be most advantageous for
the particular study concerned. The
first of these was at New Haven. Con
necticut. in the old chemical labora-
tory of the Sheffield Scientific school
of Yale University. Experimental
and ANALYTICAL work was carried on,
such as the analyzsng of preserved
1 ffTl,hat.c tho ,F
quantity of tanning material and cell
lulose in various woods and bark, ex
periments to discover the quantity of
material leached out by allowing logs
to stand in water for varying periods.
and studies to establish standards and
values of commercial creosotes.
Work progressed even with a linn
tied force. and shortly a laboratory
was established in Boston to investi
gate the value for pulp purposes of
various abundant woods. and to save
the valuable spruce and popular for
ests for lumber. The results of this
work were most encouraging. A
number Of wood fibres of were shown
to be valuable raw material for paper.
Some of these were, so far as color,
strength, and various other qualities
saTe concerned, better for certain pur
poses than spruce.
The wood dsstillation industry was
also given careful study with mast
satisfactory results. An expert made
an extended tour of investigation
through the South, and furnished an
exhaustive report on the condition of
the industry of that section. Later
experimental studies resulted in a
method n chemical examination which
not only demonstrates the relative
value of turpentine obtained from
the pine tree by various methods, but
also shows that it is possibly by
steam distillation processes TO obtain
from refuse southern pine grade Of
turpentine equal Tor all practical pur-
poses to gum spirits. which is the pro
duct obtained by scarifying the
trunks OF living trees. Circulars sett-
ing forth the results in detail are now
in preparation by the Forest Service.
The investigations of the govern
ment to discover uses for waste ma
terial were from the first carried on
under something of a disadvantage be
cause OF laboratories being in differ
ent cities. Consolidation of forces
and close cooperation were almCgt i'm
possible This was remidied last
July by the transfer of headquarters
to Washington. A building suited 10
the special requirements of the work
was erected, in which the apparatus
previously used elsewhere has been
installed. Here the field of inquiry
will be extended to cover additional
phases of the waste problem as it af-
fects the timber supply.