davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1907-08-10

grade should be made uniform
throughout the package, but the top
layers may be turned calyx down,
greatly enhancing the attractiveness
of the fruit. The packages should be
full
To oversee a dozen or fifteen pickers
lis no small task. To secure the best
work, the overseer should be in the
field among the pickers, among that
number there will be those who will
need watching. 1t is a good plan to
reward the faithful ones at the close
of the season. In general, generous
treatment in dealing with pickers is
returned fourfold in better service rem
dered.
The growers whose style of culture
is up-to-d date, that is to say, plenty OF
room for each plant. so that the ber-
ries are large and no weeds or grass
in the way, so that the berries may be
easily and quickly gathered, will
usually have no trouble in securing
pickers. He has first choice, for OF
course. everyone will want to picl,
where picking is best
Picking berries is at best, a tedious
backbreaking job. 1t takes grit tC
stick to it day after day, hence it is
that the task should be made as agree.
able as possible.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1907-08-10
SHALL FRUIT HARVEST.

Fe successfully harvest and market
a crop Of small fruit requires business
ability of No mean order. Because a
persoh Is successful in growing fruit
1t does not necessarily imply that he
will make a success of the harvesting
and selling part of the business. Still
there Is nothing about the work that
should discourage the uninitiated. The
principle characteristics called into
play are, knowledge of market re-
lquifements, executive ability, expert
ence and knowledge as to the charac-
teristies of the different kinds and va
rieties of fruits.
One of the first things to consider
is the market, whether local, semi
local, or distant. For long distances
shipping only those varieties that are
noted for firmness and long keeping
qualities should be used, and these
must be picked before they are at
their highest state of ripeness.
With nearby or local markets, how
ever, the question becomes one of size
and quality. rather than one of firm
ness though flrmness Is desirable in
any case. 1t often Is an advantage to
grade strawberries and If this is done
| 1t should be done by the pickers as
they are removed from the vines. The
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1907-08-10
NOTES OF THE sHEEPFoLD.

The earliest lambs r:ay be sorted
out and put in field by themselves.
Better for them and the rest will i'm
prove a great deal faster.
Don't let anybody fool you into SELL
ing that buck lamb. Keep it for your
own use in the flock. If anybody on
earth is entitled to the best it is the
man that raises the sheep.
I am never satisfied unless see
my sheep every day and count them
all-old sheep and lambs. want to
know that they are all in the field and
doing we'll.
Look out for traps for the sheep
Queer what scrapes sheep and lambs
will get into sometimes. l had one
nice lamb hang itself by getting Its
head between two wires of fence tina,
Iconverged to a fine point near certain
post. The foolish thing did not know
enough to go back after it found this
wires drawing closer together bu
kept right on till It strangled itself t.
death.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1907-08-10
incident regarding the first enthusiasm

incident regarding the first enthusiasm
which he received in farm life:
He conceived the idea that certain
ridge in his fathers pasture would
look we'll planted to trees, and spoke
to his father about It, The latter
heartily agreed with him, and plans
were laid for putting the idea into
execution.
THE ground must be fenced said
his father, ito keep out stock while
the trees are small. Can you do it?"
Eyes, If the rails are hauled
A, man and team were furnished to
place rails on the ground; and finally
the fence was completed. Tree plant
Ing was the boys next thought.
THE trees WILL do better If the
ground is plowed. Can you do it?''
The boy took hi1 first lesson in plow-
ing. And not until this was completed
did he have the chance to perform
the part so long contemplated.
1.-THE ground needs hoeing to keep
the weeds down." said the father later
The boy hoed.
IF there were potatoes planted, then
hoe out" So the boy planted pota-
IOo5, dllu hSpl uOWu luo We0OS llTOuSH
the summer: and the trees grew.
"You had better go and dig your
potatoes said his father in autumn
The boy gave look of surprise, and
went. AS he dug into the first hill
and several large potatoes were dis.
closed, farm life seemed to have q
new meaning. And the farther he
dug. the more firmly did he see its
rewards.
But all hinged on that little WORD
| your" Had 1t been my potatoes
all might have been different.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1907-08-10
BEST HeHsEs FOR FARM USE.

The present tendency, an1sng farm
ers, ID 10 follow seme definite line of
breeding with view to producing
herses &c particular type and con-
formation suited to some specific class
Of work. ef In other words, what are
known on the market as "elass
hesses." They have seen the results
of haphazard breeding and realize
the Importance OF better methods.
This disposition OF farmers to in
form themselves In regard to the de-
mands Of the market and the methods
less due In part to the depression In
the herse business q few years ago, to
the stimulous of the present high
prices for horses, and the efforts Of
the large shows, such as State Fairs,
horse shows, and the International, to
educate farmers as to the most de-
sirable types Of not only horses. but
all classes. Of animals.
Farmers are beginning to realize
that farming Is business which must
be studied and conducted along intel
ligent and systematic lines IL 1t be
made profitable.
One of the first questions to con-
front a man who contemplates breed
ing horses on the farm. Ia that Of the
type best adapted to farm use and
profit. If this question could be re-
solved into two separate end distinct
questions, 1t might be satisfactorily
answered. In other words, the most
profitable horses on the farm may
not be, strictly speaking. the best
adaptad for farm work
The question must. however. be
answered as first stated, as it is i'm.
possible from a practical standpoint
to separate the question Of profit from
that Of adaptability to far mwork
Few mon can afford to ignore profit
when they breed for horses adapted t.
farm use. neither can they afford te
breed horses adapted for profit.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1907-08-10
why RED CLOVER FAILS
Problem Of It's Permanently One THAT
). the Farmer Hns Always to Sturdy. ).
CIV. n. Underweed.9

T>HE Importance of retaining the
cultivation OF red clover does not
entirely depend upon the bulk
and quality of the produce derived,
but greatly upon the accumulation Of
fertility derived from the power Of this
plant to absorb nitrogen from the at
mosphere, which does not cost the
grower the value paid for purchased
nitrogen, in whatever form he chooses
to buy it.
Hitherto the idea has been that one
or other or a combination OF the I'M
dermentioned conditions, have been ac-
tual cause Of the dying out, although
they have certain Influences, individu-
ally and Jointly.
(1) Nationality OF seed.
(2) Application Of free lime.
(3) consolidation of soil.
The exact cause Of the failure or
success does not mainly rest with these
conditions. After experimenting for
years, have repeatedly found that all
nationalitles had this tendency, In
which I am supported by those who
either grow their own seed or purchase
from known origin. and the trials OF
one year do not coincide with those Of
d1AOSIloTs
A proof that the chemical compost.
ton OF soil known to lose root in the
autumn and winter months is suitable
To the growth Of the red clover may be
Judged by the vigor Of the autumn
growth which appears at the time GER
cal is taken OF; this makes 1t clear t.
all that II the land was capable Of pro
ducing vigorous growth at one per
Tod of the year. 1t should and woult
be able to do the same at later per
Tod of the plants existence.
It Is an observation Of old plough
men. and one Of practical farmers, tina
when clover flowers on the grain crol
the year Of sowing the subsequen
crop is worse for It..
OF recent years our knowledge of In
herited qualifications of plants ha
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1907-08-10
FAT HORSES Sell best
petition with Sleek and Round Ones.
q. M. Bell.) 6a
4 SUCCESSFUL city horse deaie,
~ when once asked the best color

\ SUCCESSFUL city horse deales
~ When once asked the best color
horse could have, laconically
answered. Eat" A meaningless
reply no doubt, to the uninitiated.
but not to those who buy and
sell horses on city market, nor
altogether SO to the farmer who has
tried to dispose Of a good thin coun-
try horse in the city.
1t is manifest that everything
brought to the city from the country,
and which is to pay a good paying
price must be In proper shape to in,
duce the buyers to pay that price.
This rule holds good for all sorts OF
country produce from eggs to horses.
In regard to the latter, these animals
are supposed to find favor with the
purchasing public to some extent on ac-
count of their qualities, their good
qualities I mean. Their undesirable
ones generally crop out after they have
been sold. This Is so in a certain de-
gree. but on the other hand. thousands
are sold on their looks. their smooth
and round appearance.
It is impossible for the farmer to
realize anything like the full value of
his horses If he offers them for sale in
a city unless they are fiat and smooth"
Thin horses are generally from Is
to 40 per cent. "off," irrespective Of
their qualities
The city dealers don't want to give
a top price for them because they
don't care to feed horses for sixty days
getting them in shape. to say nothing
of the chances Of their getting sick.
The private individual looks at them
askance because he does not care about
investing in horse flesh, minus the
flesh.
II the horse is for the runabout.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1907-08-10

take if you start with more than
twenty.
The bright boy. who can start with
q small flock of sheep and who has a
natural love for the business. will find
it pleasant and profitable occupa-
ton.
It is good plan to put the sheep in
the hands of the boys on the farm.
Furnish the money for the start and
give the boys percentage of the In
crease. This will give him something
to work for.
Corn belt farmers have discovered
that there is good money in feeding
sheep.
With the passing of the big ranges
Eastern feeders will be obliged to
raise their own lambs, and the result
will be better mutton, although per-
haps higher priced.
Weeds in summer and snowballs
in winter do not tend to make a flock
healthy, fat or profitable.
We have learned how to dress sheep
Vim this country, but very few cooks
know how to prepare it for the table
A stingy flock-master will turn off
prime mutton for good wool.
Sheep often fall in a dead faint
from fright, and great care should be
taken to prevent stampedes.
An old eve is rarely profitable.
Some farmers complain that sheer
Ieat the pastures too close to the roots
They do this because they have to II
Iorder to get living. Give them goot
pasture and plenty Of 1t and they will
do it more good than harm.
i One hundred dollars looks like {
Ibig price for ram, but the man wht
! goes into sheep raising in the RICH
way, will find it good investment.
4 In picking out a ram select thu
!, strong, outstanding animal, with we'll
shaped masculine head and masculin,
lines all over.
Keep plenty of clean water within
constant reach of the sheep these no
days.
} Machine sheep shearlng has com
into universal practice, The rapid
|ity with which the shearing Is don
coupled with the humane method o
removing the fleece without injury t,
1.-THE animals by cutting has put tn
Sheep shears out of use.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1907-08-10
greatly improved, and when comparing

greatly improved, and when comparing
red clover with its kindred plant white
clover, which requires the same chem
ical and mechanical conditions for it's
well-bei1g, it has always been obvious
to me that with land sown with equal
quantities of white and red clover the
former could be depended upon for
several years nd renewed often at will
by the application of some phosphate
manure, while the absence Of the red
In the second year was most marked
and in many cases 1t failed to survive
the first winter.
While regarding these facts. I In
quired to learn II we save the seed Of
one on the same terms as the other :?
We have to acquire but little knowl-
edge of seed production to know that
the two systems differ widely.
In the case of the white. 1t appears
to be saved generally from leys of some
years standing, which brings about this
greater permanent habit, whereas in
the case of the red, we SOW the seed
this year and save the seed the follow
ing year. This system appears to be
established (unconsciously) an annual
tendency or at the most semi biennial,
the next. The former term impresses
me as more fitting one to the case
inasmuch as the cereal crop with
which it is aown acts as deterrent
until cut.
The constancy of a variety when
saved from the extremes Is well-known
and admitted to transmit the desired
qualifications to the offspring and the
principle Of my method has been and
will be repeal ID selection, which Is the
prominent feature Of race improve
ment It Is undoubtedly the great
source OF steady progression Of agricul-
tural botany and MANY are the author
tiles who declare that the whole pro-
cess Of evolution is due to this agency
The truth appears to be this, that
the parent Of great strength in desired
form makes stronger impression up
on the Offspring whether It be in col
or, size or durability, in this case. II
appears to be particularly associated
with ability of permanency; such be.
Ing the case, selection upon these lines
indicates that the red clover may be
made more permanent the Occasional
reversion depending upon the year and
method Of selection.
The practical lesson to be learned
from my observations Is that Glove
seed derived from parentage of SOM
years standing will. when combine.
with proper selection, inherit the per
manent habit OF white clover. Alfalfa
and other familiar examples In tn
horticultural world which have ex
perimented.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1907-08-10
NOTES OF THE SHEEP FOLD.

Thousands of people eat mutton
now. who would not touch it year
ago. This Ia due to the improved
methods Of dressing sheep.
It's a pity. but true, that not one
farmer in ten, knows how to kill a
sheep or dress it, but the butchers in
the big cities have made it an art.
The man who raises sheep for NUT
ton, will, on the average, make more
money than the man who raises sheep
for wool.
There is big money in hot-house
lambs, but this business requires ex-
pert handling.
If you are thinking Of starting q
flock of sheep you will make mis-
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1907-08-10
NOTES OF THE HOG LOT.

Keep strict record of your breed
ing, also number in litter. Don't
trust to memory in this or any other
matter Of the kind. If you are in the
business as swine breeder. 1t is SIM
ply a matter of business proposition
that you keep such records. While on
the other hand II you are engaged in
raising swine for market purpose, try
keeping record of this kind for few
years, selecting the young sows from
the most prolific old ones.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1907-08-10
THE HIRED MAN SIDE.

OF course like to go to the circus.
and so does the boss but sometimes
he isn't honest enough to admit it. I
believe that every man is better for
the holiday and that nothing Is lost
by giving 1t.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1907-08-10

THE MODERN CORN SHREDDER.
The corn Shredder is making rather
slow, but sure progress, in the opera
tions Of modern farmers. Some men
say that it does not pay to shred fod-
der but these opinions are in the mi
nority. The availability of corn stoveI
is greatly increased by the use of the
shredder.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1907-08-10
GIVE THE BOY A SHOW.

Many a boy has been driven from
the farm through the failure of parent
to decline child In the possessive. A
noted agricultural leader relates this
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1907-08-10

The fruit crop is likely to be short
this year and the man who has spray
Cd his trees and can send clean fruit
to market will reap his reward.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1907-08-10

It Is not to be expected that any
girl who has lived In good families In
the city will put up with this sort of
treatment. Like the hired man, she
Is entitled to reasonable hours. COM
Portable surroundings and while she
should not expect to be taken into the
family social life, sit at table and ride
to church in the family carriage. she
Is entitled to square deal.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1907-08-10
GOOD STYLE OF POULTRY HOUSE

. q = ei1l II I S'Uof1.
The house shown in the picture is
one used by the New Hampshire Elk
pertinent Station. The roof is of sid
ing and the sides are shingled. The
door is covered with coarse screen and
only in the coolest weather is cur
tain hung in front of it. While this
Is an expensive house, it can be made
by any farmer, and pays in the long
run
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1907-08-10
KEEPING THE MILK CLEAN.
FIG. s.-weigh-can with strainer in position,

In
will in
much
dairy Inexpensive easily easily
into the rou ORC Their
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1907-08-10
AN AUTOMATIC EGG DArER

An Eastern genius has invented an
automatic egg dater. which registers
the day and hour that every egg is
dropped. One can imagine the dis
appointment Of the han and the egg
consumer as we'll, If the dater should
slip cog and print date four years
old on a freshly laid egg.
Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1907-08-10

A farmers boy who is born rich may
succeed but he has a hard job ahead
af him.
The Brattleboro reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1907-1912, 1907-07-05
A Citrus for the G, v,
bennington Banner.)

The first offender against the new
weekly payment law is the one that
everybody expected who gave the mat
ter any thought-the poor old ram.
shackle. Central Vermont railway com.
pany which never yet ran train on
time or did anything else that was mod
ern and up-to-date. The company
which paid its men June 1st and has
not paid since has been cited into court
at Montpelier by States Attorney
Gates of Washington county because
of its failure to pay the 25 Montpelier
and Barre men employed by the road.
Under the law the road is liable to
fine of $50 for each failure to comply
with the statute.
The Brattleboro reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1907-1912, 1907-07-05
Principal Smith Injured Wednesday.

Principal Edgar Burr Smith was
painfully injured by fractions horse
Wednesday afternoon while on the
road from Spofford lake to this town.
After meeting several automobiles to
which he paid no particular attention,
the horse saw one at which he took
fright and began to back and kick In
the melee Mr.. Smith was struck on
the left arm and it was dislocated at
the elbow. The carriage then upset
and both Mr.. and Mrs. Smith were
thrown out Mrs. Smith was slightly
injured in the smashup. Another team
was procured and Mr.. Smith, suffering
intensely from the dislocated elbow as
well as several bruises and a cut in
the face, was brought to Brattleboro.
He was then taken to the Memorial
hospital where Drs. Pratt and Ander,
son reduced the dislocation. Mr.. and
Mrs. Smith returned to the lake the
same evening. Mr.. Smith is conduct
ing a summer camp for boys at the
lake and the accident will incapacitate
him for all athletic exercises for sew
eral weeks.
The Brattleboro reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1907-1912, 1907-07-05
THE BRATTLEBORO REFORNiER, FRIDAY, JULY 5, 1907

room itself. We are colder bl0oded
people here in Vermont aud we think
we reason more and whoop less, At
all events the administration of Justice
in this state, whatever It's shortcom,
ings, always is in the nature of nm APP.
peal to the higher conscience of the
people rather than defiance of it,,
Vermont for more than century has
boon stoadfastly doing her part toward
making this u nation that respects the
law, 1t is discouraging TO see old Vir'
ginia, once the birthplace of SO much
that was patriotic and inspiring, today
pretend TO do justice in her courts az.
Ter the manner of frontier mining
camp. Such things as this make the
Old World still distrust us and our in
situations, and should give MS pause,
The Brattleboro reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1907-1912, 1907-07-05
Social Clubs Not Liquor Dispensarie'
(St. Adams Messenger


Referring to the action of Attorney
General Clarke c. Fits in closing the
Bullets of certain well known socia'
clubs in Burlington, The Fair Haven
Era in an editorial reprinted elsewhere
in this paper contrasts the effective
action taken under the local option
liquor law with the failure to take any
action at all under the old prohibitory
law. II concludes:
"The purpose Of these clubs was the
evasion of the prohibitory law and
they succeeded in doing it, but local
option, the law the club members ia
vor even if they did not go further
and vote for il, has powers that the
other law did not appear to possess,
and it begins to look as though the
days of the social club--really a IL
quor dispensary in Vermont-were
numbered, and for this local option
should have the whole credit.
The Era does very serious inius'
tce to some of the most truly repre-,
sentative citizens of Burlington who
are members of these clubs. The pur.
pose of these clubs was not the evasion
of any liquor law or of any law. Nei-
Their is it Just to say in the public print
that social clubs generally in Vermont
are really liquor dispcnsaries and, as
such. their days are numbered under
the present law, 1t is not right to SOW
this erroneous impression of respec
table organizations in many Vermont
among people that do not
have frst-hand means of knowing the
truth about them.
The Brattleboro reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1907-1912, 1907-07-05

pcnse and its existence would be q
strong indueemcnt TO women to make
this town their trading center Rest
rooms managed along lines similar to
those outlined above are conducted In
many towns that have large suburban
territories aud in every ease they are
extremely successful. Many local mer'
chants depend in large measure on the
trade that women bring into town and
the more shoppers that can be in
duced to come here when they are de-
sirous of something the better will
business be.