davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1907-04-11
The Primitive Violin.

In it's primitive form the violin was
a direct development of the Tyre and
monochord-the strings from the for
mer and the elongated box, with it's
sound holes, finger board and movable
bridge, from the latter. The history
Of the violin began with the invention
of the bow some time before the thir-
teenth century, when the wolfe, or vielle,
used by the troubadours, made its ap-
pearance. This instrument underwent
many changes until the middle of the
sixteenth century, when the true violin
model appeared. The primitive violin
had little or no contour. 1t was not
until the thirteenth century that the
vielle was scooped out at the waist.
The corner blocks were added in the
fifteenth century and are attributed
to Germany. For nearly a century
the sound holes were shifted all over
the instrument before they were cut
In their proper place and the bridge
fixed between them.-Circle Magazine
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1907-04-11
Don't Whisk Your Hat.

Never use a whisk broom to clean a
hat, either stiff or soft, particularly
soft hat, as it gradually removes the
fine surface originally on the hat. The
worst effect, however, is the wearing
away Of the band and binding by such
rough usage. The effect is more
quickly shown on the best grades of
bands and binding. A fine hair brush
one Of curved shape, made especially
to use under the curl Of the hat, is
good. Best of all, however, is a thick
piece Of wooden cloth. Such pieces are
now made in the form of pads, with
a strap across the back, SO that they
can be held securely in the hand
American Halter.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1907-04-11
LEAF BLIGHT.
It Frequently Causes Much Damage I.
the Strawberry Crop.

the Strawberry Crop.
Strawberry leaf blight frequently
causes great damage to the straw
berry crop, as explained by grower
In Rural New Yorker, who says that
1t makes its appearance about the
time the fruit sets and begins its de-
structive ravages as the berries begin
to ripen. 1t first manifests itself by
turning the leaves brownish red: it
Will then attack the fruit stems and
hulls, cutting off the supply Of nourish-
ment from the berries; the calyx be-
gins to wither and dry up, and the
berries become soft and insipid and are
Of little value.
As the Berry Season Advances. g..
1t usually grows more destructive as
the berry season advances. The condi-
tons conducive to the development Of
the disease appear to be a general
weakness of the plants. This may be
brought about from various causes,
such as old and wornout beds, i'm
poverished soil, plants with heavy
set of fruit with insufficient nourish-
ment, plants exposed during winter
without protection or unmulched beds
during hot, dry weather Any one Of
these conditions will have a tendency
to weaken the constitution Of the
plants, making them an easy prey to
rust, blight and other diseases.
... Kinds Susceptible to Blight.
During the time we have been en-
gagged in growing Strawberries we
have found some varieties so consti-
tutionally strong in their vegetative
parts and so vigorous in their fruit
organs that they will do we'll almost
anywhere, while other sorts are con-
stitutionally weak in foliage, yet
strong in fruit bearing propensities.
They set. a great quantity Of berries
with little or no vitality to mature the
fruit. Such varieties are very suscept-
1ble to blight and should not be cult
waited except by those who are we'll
acquainted with their natural require
ments. It requires healthy, vigorous
foliage to digest the various plant
foods found in the different soils, and
probably the safest method of protect
Ing the plants from blight and other
fungous diseases is to conserve mois-
ture by thorough cultivation while the
plants are growing, protecting them
we'll during the winter with a liberal
mulch of horse manure. This material
If left on the plant during the summer
prevents the escape of moisture at a
time 1t is most needed, and it keeps
the soil GOBLIN fact, it is to the bear
Ing bed what the cultivation is to the
newly planted field.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1907-04-11
IN NEBRASKA.
Best Results Of Various Experiments
With Alfalfa

Best Results Of Various Experiments
With Alfalfa.
In Cheyenne county, Neb, Brott
brothers have been experimenting with
alfalfa nine years, reports western
man in Orange Judd Farmer. At first
they sowed alfalfa seed broadcast,
which is the common method under ir-
rigation. An experience Of nine years
has shown them that broadcast seed
dry seasons. At an elevation Of some
thing more than 1000 feet there is not
always sufficient moisture during the
driest seasons to perfect good crop
Of seed when grown by the broadcast
method.
Using a Two Row CuItivator.
In the course Of their experiments
Brott brothers have tested drilling in
eighteen to twenty-five inch drills.
They have found that in drills of this
width the kind Of cultivation that can
be given to the alfalfa plant in narrow
rows does not sec y the best results.
During the more recent years they
nave tested seeding alfalfa for seed
crop in drills thirty-six to forty inches
apart. This allows the use of a two
row cultivator, enabling a man with a
good team Oh half mile rows to cult
vate eighteen to twenty acres daily.
They find that to secure the best re-
suits in conserving moisture they
should cultivate to the depth of four
inches, cultivating four to five times
during the season.
1t Pods Freely. ..
On these high table lands alfalfa
drilled in rows thirty-six to forty inches
apart branches widely, pods freely and
develops a better seed crop than un-
der any other method so far tested 1t
Is their purpose to cultivate 100 acres
Of alfalfa the coming season and to
enlarge their plant as rapidly as they
can break the prairie and get the land
under cultivation.
The method which they now pursue
is to place fields under cultivation in
the early spring, thus conserving the
winter moisture, then keep the soil
loose and in good filth until the list of
August and seed with a drill. This
method avoids weed crop.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1907-04-11
TMo Of q Kind

A revival meeting was in progress,
and Sister Jones was called upon for
testimony. Being meek and humble,
she said: IT do not feel as though
should stand here and give testimony.
have been a transgressor for a good
many years and have only recently
seen the light. 1. believe that my place
is in dark corner, behind the door"
Brother Smith was next called upon
for his testimony and, following the
example set by Sister Jones, said: 81,
too, have been sinner for more than
forty years, and do not think it would
be fitting for me to stand before this
assembly as a model I think my place
is behind the door, in a dark corner,
with Sister JONES'" And he wondered
why the meeting was convulsed with
the laughter of those who came to
DraV
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1907-04-11
A Siio!lt Mistake,

Chitto Harjo was pleading in Wash
ington for the Indians right to roam
in nomad fashion. like their fathers.
They tell us to trust to fortune"
Chitto Harjo said. "and then We'll get
our rights. But we are tired of trust
ing to fortune. Fortune has used US
Indians as it used the pale face in
structress at the Indian school in
1897" 49,. .:e.s =
Chitto Harjo smiled and went on:
"This instructress found horseshoe,
and to get good fortune put it under
her pillow, along with her false teeth.
In the morning in the hurry Of dress
ing, she substituted the shoe for the
teeth and did not discover her mistake
till her affiancad husband asked her in
tones of horror at breakfast what was
the matter with her mouth
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1907-04-11
Kept a Diary,

Henry Arthur Jones, the English
playwright, was giving the students Of
Yale an address on the drama
"Your American vernacular is pic
turesque," he said, "and it should help
your playwrights to build strong, racy
plays, but neither vernacular nor any
thing else is Of moment if perseverance
is lacking.
'No playwright can succeed who is
like man I know. I said to this man
one New Years day:
"'Do you keep diary, Philip?
EYES, he answered; I've kept one
for the first two weeks in January for
the last seven years. "-Washington
Star 80.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1907-04-11
tilted as N. o. Dahl's and stated

tilted as N. o. Dahl's and stated
that from his knowledge RI d ex.
perience a 3S 40 low velocity, soft
nose bullet fired at distance of
200 yards would make hole as
large as it's own size. Also that
1903 Savage bullet high velocity
fired same distance would i'm me-
diately mushroom upon entrance.
On cross.examination Mr..
Loud stated that he had acquired
his knowledge of fire arms as a.
side issue. In his opinion man
with good aim could hit a man in
the head at 200 yards after dark.
There would be no powder marks
on cap or skull.
Witness believed that 1903
cartridge entering skull would
have mushroomed upon entrance.
Re- direct examination of H. J.
Loud.
What did you do with Four
nier when coming down from
Touring the first time he was
arrested?
Stopped at camps. Fourier
was free, and could have run
away if he had wanted too.
Cross examination.
Did you catch him, or did he
catch you?
Thought it was necessary to
arrest him.
Witness was led back to am
munition subject and stated if
1903 cartridge had made hole in
skull it would have m ushroomed.
Mushroom bullet would make
larger hole at exit than entrance.
AS the Pioneer goes to press
the state is placing some witness
es on the stand in rebuttal.
Fourier will be the last witness
called by the defense, and the
case will reach the jury some
time tomorrow.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1907-04-11
Held Their Own.

A regiment of regulars was making
a long, dusty march across the rolling
prairie land of Montana during a re-
cent summer 1t was hot, blistering
day, and the men, longing for water
and rest, were impatient to reach the
next town. A rancher rode past. "Say,
FRIEND" called out one Of the men,
show far is it to the next town." ooh,
a matter Of two miles or so, I reckon :"
called back the rancher Another long
hour dragged by. and another rancher
was encountered. How far to the
next town." the men asked him eager
ly. ooh, good two miles," A weary
half hour longer of marching, and then
a third rancher. Hey, how fairs the
next town." Not far was the en-
couraging answer-"only about two
miles" "Well," sighed an optimistic
sergeant, "we're holdin' our own any
how"
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1907-04-11
When Oregon Was In the Balance.

There is no boundary in the world
of greater political Importance than
the forty ninth parallel, which divides
Canada from the United States. When
this boundary was under discussion
the Pacific coast was almost inaccessi-
BILE, and the ownership of Oregon, now
a state of vast wealth, with opulent
cities and teeming population, was
in the balance. The matter was set
tied by the report Of Captain Temple,
a brother of Lord Palmerston, who
wrote to the admiralty that the coun-
try was not worth cuss because the
salmon would not take fy."-Man-
chester Chronicle.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1907-04-11
Rouoh Feeds.

Rough feeds, including pasture, are
usually so plentiful that frequently we
feed them without any idea as to what
and how much will produce the de-
sired results. Much rough feed is
wasted in careless feeding. The COW
will eat the best of her menu first and
If given too much will pick the most
desirable morsels, leaving what might
be called passably good, which too
frequently is treated as waste and
thrown underfoot. No more hay should
be given an animal than it will eat up
clean. This refers to first class quail
ty, however, as we could not expect a
cow to eat up clean poor quality Of
hay.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1907-04-11
The preparation of canvas for paint
ers is lucrative trade.
Moths and Butterflies.

Some moths look very much like but
terfies, but there are two ways in
which you can always tell the one
from the other. Each has little slen-
der feelers growing from the head,
but the butteray's feelers, or antennae,
as they are called, have knobs on the
ends. The antennae of the moth some
times have tiny feathers on them and
sometimes little spires, but thy are
never knobbed. Then, too, in alight-
ing the butterfly always holds her
wings erect, while the moths droop
or are nearly fiat.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1907-04-11
Land Plaster on Glover.

In the Willamette valley, Oregon, it
is common practice to apply land
plaster to clover in the spring during
March and April. From forty to sixty
pounds per acre applied on the surface
of the ground in the early spring are
said to double the yield of both hay
and seed
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1907-04-11
Veteh Pasture In SPRING.

In western Oregon and Washington,
where fall sown vetch natures for
hay in June and rains are not infre-
quent at this season of the year, it is
quite common practice to pasture it
In the early spring-March and April
to keep the growth from becoming so
heavy that it will fall before it is cut
and to retard it's development so that
haymaking will occur after the rains
are over. If the crop is heavy and
falls during bad weather, it is best to
make ensilage of it Immediately.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1907-04-11
THE LINCOLN PLUM.

stem long and strong and set at an
angle; suture distinct slightly depress-
ed; color light greenish yellow, over
spread with beautiful shade Of Grim
son; dots many, very minute and in
distinct; bloom, thin lilac; flesh light
yellow, firm; pit rather large, free;
quality 'only fair; tree only a mod
crate grower, but healthy, and forms
a round, shapely head; foliage very
luxuriant; leaves large; quite prolific,
but not so much so as to require thin
ming of the fruit.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1907-04-11
How Clouds and Foas Differ.

Clouds are bodies Of moisture evapo-
rated from the earth and again partial
ly condensed in the upper regions Of
the air. Fogs differ from clouds only
In one respectfully come in contact
with the surface Of the earth while
clouds are elevated above our heads.
When the surface Of the earth Is
warmer than the lower air the vapor Of
the earth, being condensed by the chill
air, becomes mist or fog. But when
the lower air is warmer than the earth
the vapor rises through the air and be-
comes cloud. Fog and mist differ in
this respect-that mist is a fine rain,
while fog is vapor not sufficiently con-
densed to allow Of its precipitation in
drops.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1907-04-11
THE OBSTINATE AUTO.

Now Jasper Jones an auto bought
Twas colored pink and green;
Twas rugged with patents fore and aft
And smelled of gasoline.
The villain agent roundIy swore
The power was twenty horse,
And Jones did see with glee how he
The countryside might course.
He proudly donned his cap and coat
And gloves and goggles black
And hung number, tooty two,
Upon his leathern back
His family did gather round
To gaze with aWeSome eyes
And press his hand and wish godspeed
And weepingly advise.
While "Aisy!'' babe a buttoned form,
Bold Officer OQuinn,
"For if you bate thray mile an hour
Begobs, Oill run you in"
Up climbed him jones' down safe him
Jones
And twisted, jerked and drug
The people looking gave a sng;
The auto gave a "chug!
Behind his goggles Jones grew red
Beneath his cap he sWot
But, though he toled with might and
main,
lie stayed on that one spot.
"Oh, crickety,'' did Jones appeal,
"Why won't this auto go?
Advanced wight and scratched his head
And scanned aloft, allow,
And said: "Alas, exposed you have y
Yourself to ridicule!
This amt no twenty boss machine,
My friend; it's twenty mule!'
The people pushed, the people hauled,
The people gaped and talked,
But this machine with all the will
OF twenty mules had baked!
Two draft steeds tugged-and four-and
eight!
An army teanster cussed!
A huge road roller puffed and strained
Until it's boiler bust!
All gentle means at mans command
Employed they DER and DER,
But naught could move this mind of
mules
A concentrated score!
They spoke of dynamite-O'Q Quinn
Received it with froWn.
'Twould make the thing get up" they
plead;
Said he 'An' 'twud come down."
Then Jones he sighed, "Just let it stay
Cried folk, Aye let her set"
And if it still declines to stir
You'll find it right there yet!
Edwin L. Sabin in Woman's Home
COMPANION.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1907-04-11
A Lastinu Impression.

"Well, Bertha, hear you met Mr..
Cooke yesterday. Did You like him?"
do you know, dear, he made an i'm
preston upon me that nothing will OBJ
tterate."
Really! How-what did he sayf"
1T wasn't what he said; it was
what he did. He spilled cup of tea
over my new white silk Dress"
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1907-04-11
Exposed His Hand.

Mrs. Potts-I can't see why you al
ways stay late at your office these
nights. don't see that you gain any
thing by it. Jack Potts (absentmind-
edlyl-That's so, but won't always be
q loser. Luck will change. Catholic
Standard and Times.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1907-04-11
A Homemade Prescription.

The following prescription was hand
ed to a New York druggist. 1t was
evidently homemade:
" pint of Mulchum Cod liver Oil
" pint of the best RE whiske
l OF Of Wintergreen Essences
OF of Gliserine
mix thorley and take a dersert spoonful
twise a day.
Judge
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1907-04-11
All That Saved Hin,

eyes, sir, he was obliged to go in the
snake country, so he took gallon of
Georgia corn along with him.
"And how did he make outY'
"Splendid! Got so full and wabbled
so the snakes missed him every time
they struck at himw-Atlanta Consti-
tuition. S..
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1907-04-11
Poultry Products and Wheat.

The values of poultry products now
reach an annual figure of half a bill
lion dollars or more, or an amount
about equal to the value of the wheat
crop. The price of eggs has been high
and growing higher for several years,
because consumers have wanted more
eggs than have been produced. The
exports are not worth mentioning. APP
parently there is no limit to the con-
sumption Of fresh eggs at a moderate
price-G. X. Holmes.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1907-04-11
LONG and Short of II.

Junior Partner - Did you see that
short man who was inquiring for you?
Senior Partner-No. What kind Of a
looking chap was he?
Junior Partner-Oh, he was rather
tall and
Senior Partner--But you just said he
was short
Junior Partner-Well, guess he was.
At least he wanted me to stake him to
a dollar until he could see you.-De-
troit Tribune
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1907-04-11
After MiIkinu.

Milk is often spoiled by allowing it
to stand in the barn too long after it
Is drawn. It readily absorbs odors
from the air, and odors of the barn
are usually very much in evidence.
For this reason the milk should be
quickly removed to place free from
Odors.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1907-04-11

Miriam" said her mother, "have you
ever given young Mr.. Stapleford any
reason to believe you cared for him
enough to marry him?'
HE seems to think so," answered
the daughter, because told him the
other evening that he was sending me
too many costly flowers and ought to
begin to save his money! Chicago
Tribune. 49,. a., -.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1907-04-11
The Truth.

Miss Cutting-Awfully rude and in
quisitive, isn't he?
Miss Passay-Excessively He was
trying to find out my age the other
day. just told him was forty-eight.
That settled him.
Miss Cutting-Yes. l guess it is best
to be perfectly candid with that sort
Of fellow.-Catholc Standard and
Times.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1907-04-11
Spoiled,

publishers insist on spelling a great
many manuscripts, don't theyY' said
the literary young woman.
"Undoubtedly," answered the book
seller. "a lot of 'em look heap bet
ter typewriter and tied up with a rib
bon than they do in print" -Washin.s-
ton Star,
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1907-04-11

The most singular aerial phenomenon
is the fata morgana, sea mirage seen
off the coast of Calabria and between
Italy and Sicily. 1t presents the phan-
toms Of cities, houses, temples, palaces
and ships, sometimes in their proper
position, sometimes inverted, occasion
ally at an angle. The phenomenon has
been known for many ages and for
merly occasioned great and widespread
alarm, being regarded as an evil omen
that betokened some general and Sc
we're calamity.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1907-04-11
The ONLY Man.

II am writing an article" he said,
ION The Way to Manage Woman"
II suppose it will be a long one," she
replied in slightly scornful tone.
mo-" he answered, sit will be quite
short. In fact it will consist of only
two words-'Don't try! "-Birmingham
Post.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1907-04-11
Cost of Hauling Wheat by Wagon.

COST OF Hauling Wheat BY Wagon.
Transportation Expert Frank An
drews places the average cost to the
farmer of hauling wheat from farms
to shipping points at cents per 100
pounds; the average distance hauled,
9'4 miles, and the average wagon load
of wheat, 1928 pounds, thus contain
Ing about f1fty-fve bushels.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1907-04-11
Striking Originality.

"Your husband is not looking well
tonight, Mrs. Rhymer."
"He isn't, and I'm not surprised at
it,
"No? Has he been overworking him
self?"
ut isn't that so much. It's his origi-
nality. Why, that man is struck by 50
many original ideas that bis mind must
be one mass of bruises"
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1907-04-11
They Reaan Early.

Gummey-Women's habit of going
to their husbands for money is as old
as the human race. Gargoyle-That
can't be, for the. human race had no
such thing as money for many ages.
Gummey-Nevertheless Eve got "a
"bone" from Adam. - -
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1907-04-11
TOO LATE TO CLASSIFY.

WAN TED-For U. S. army, able
bodied, unmarried men be.
tween ages of 10 and IS, citi-
zens of United States, of good
CHI aracter and temperate
habits, who can speak, read
and write English. For in.
formation apply to Recruiting
Officer, Miles Block, Bemidji,
MINI.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1907-04-11
His Scheme Failed.

II wonder why it u.s." remarked one
Of the two men who had just lunched,
turning to speak to the other, 'that
they always have pretty cashiers at
these restaurants
But the pretty cashier, though she
blushed and smiled, did not fail to de-
tect the Canadian quarter he threw
down in payment of his check.-Chi-
cagO Tribune.
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1907-04-11
THE LINCOLN PLUM.

A Variety of Rare Beauty and Excel
lent For Market.
The Lincoln plum here shown is de-
scribed by the, Ohio experiment station
as being a variety Of rare beauty and
excellent for market. one of the best
second early plums; quite free from
rot in some seasons; first blossoms
May 7, full bloom May 10, last bios
SONS May Is; in full fruitage Aug. Is.
Fruit large to very large, roundish
oblong, blunt at apex, slightly necked:
The Bemidji daily pioneer. [volume] (Bemidji, Minn.) 1904-1971, 1907-04-11
Iona Watt.

Grandpa. how old are you?"
81 am eighty-seven years old, my
dear"
'Then you were born eighty years
before I was. What long time you
had alone waiting for me!'