The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1907-12-03

F DDgS "DIt IFZ ca IS anu DldGk gov MS
iHeS stood up ~ ] entered in com
! pany with the president OF the college,
and then rose 70 their feet again, as
VIC LETT. In this college surveying IS
taught ] Wa shown some excellent
mechanical drawings. and some plans
worked UP from field notes. These
We're, Of course. in the higher classes
The education IS thorough. and a boy
can get a training that will 1T him for
almost any ranch OF life or Tor any
profession which can be carried on In
the Sudan.
= / was especially interested in the
manual training school which is well
equipped with blacksmith an arpen
ter shops. ] found a score or 50 Of
young Arabs making various/things
Of wrought iron. They were turning
out fence. and ornamental iron gates.
In the carpenter shops they were maxi
ing library cases and other furniture
and learning about house building and
finishing. There are also machine
shops where the students work at
Iathes. and altogether the institution
has a W~cli-equipped outfit for manual
training. Every work shop is under
the charge OF an English professor
who IS 4 practical mechanic. and the
boys are given such instruction that
they can as soon as they are grad
uated find places on the plantations of
the sudan. Indeed. the demand for
such work IS far in excess of the
supply.
They Need school Teachers.
AS 1t is now the natives of the
Sudan are illiterate. The mahdi and
the khalifa discouraged learning of
all kinds, because they knew that the
educated people would discredit the
doctrines they taught and upon which
their government was founded. h
khalifa ordered that all books should
be destroyed. He had no schools WOr-
thy of the name, and as it is now not
one SudaneSe in n hundred can read
and write. The officials say it is use
less to post up government proclama-
tons unless they station a man beside
each one to read it out to the passers-
by. AT the same time the natives re-
SDcct learning. They hin kthat any
thing written must be true, and swind-
ierS sometimes go about and extOrt
money by showing documents which
they claim are orders to pay, issued
by the government.
Common Schools Being Founded.
The British are doing all they can
to change these conditions. They are
trying to educate the people,, and are
gradually establishing higher primary
schools. There are four schools of this
kind-one in Khartum, one in Suakim
one in Halfa and one in Omdurman.
In all these schools, the language
taught is Arabic, and the children are
trained along Mohammedan lines.
[ went through the schools at ON
durham the other day. In addition to
the higher primary schools there are
seventy or eighty others, and they have
altogether about 1000 pupils. The
most of the schools are connected with
the mosques. and they teach little
more than reading and writing. The
other schools give the rudiments of an
education along western lines, and the
higher primary schools teach English.
mathematics, drawing and other
as we'll.
L went through a higher primary
school with the Egyptian Governor of
Omdurman. 1t consisted of many one
story buildings running around a
walled inclosure. Each building is a
schoolroom. The boys study at desks
Just like those used by our schoolboys
at home, II they have the modern
appliances. The students, are of all
ages, from boys of six learning to read
to young men of eighteen or twenty
ready to graduate. l heard some of
the latter recite in English. and they
seemed to me quite as bright as our
boys at home. In one room [ heard
the recitation of a scene from evil
liam Tell where GesSler makes the
Swiss hero shoot the apple from his
boys head. Four black boys took
part in the dialogue. They detained
in English, and although they had
an Arabic accent they recited with
NOnOef1ul 1eeIlnS ana with a fu1l APP
probation Of the sentiment involved
in the story In another building /
met some OF the son of the sheiks and
photographed them out in the open.
The pupils of all the schools are po-
lite. and their natural ability is far
above that of the African natives who
live farther south.
Founded by an American.
Returning to the Gordon College,
/ ono of the most in erp-tiDc p in CfitIJtinnS
connected with it is the Welcome lab
oratory. This was founded and is sup
ported by Mr.. Henry S. Welcome, a
wealthy Philadelphian. who is one of
the well-known firm of Burroughs &
Welcome, manufacturing chemists
and druggists of london. This firm
has made a special study of tropical
1 diseases and tropical medicines, and
a part of its business is to supply mis-
sionaries and exploring parties. 1t has
furnished Henry M Stanley and 9TH
ers, with medical outfits for travel
throughout the world. It was prob
ably through the study of such mat
ters that Mr.. Welcome became inter-
eSted in the udan and in its develop
ment along health and other lines,
and was thereby induced to furnish,
equin and sustain this great labora-
tory. The objects Of the institution
are to promote the stud of tropical
disorders and especially diseases of
maj and beast peculiar to the sudan,
and also to rende assistance to the
Jhealth' officers and the civil and mill
tary hospitals. The Laboratories are
carrying on experimental investiga-
tons as to the poisons used by the
natives, as the chemical and bacte-
biological condition of the waters and
also as to everything regarding food
stuffS and sanitary mp1ovenents.
They are testing and assaying the va
rious minerals and are looking up all
matters relating to the industrial de-
velcpment Of the country.
The main offices of the laboratory
are in the college, but its explorers are
sent out in every direction and they
arc making all sorts of Investigations.
They are looking into the mosquitoes
of the country, are investigating the
tsetse fly and other pests, and anon
other things, are studying the sleep
ing sickness, a horrible disease which
is communicated by a fly and which
has killed its thousands throughout
Central Africa. They nave to do with
the bell weevil and other insects
which ruin the crops and they are aid
ing the cancer research fund and the
Carnegie institution in its investiga-