The sun., 1907-09-15


s-p@~ss s~rpksy~uf W. as~slpsl tsfes.es's~s
e. sNSs'sss sNssg si-es ~ - ~sssss =
essssv fsssswH syassstviss 49, -sssaNa@
80 HstssH esfwsvs ~ aapsgFsl rsfsasss
w ~ sstsf ,fSs-sa . sss~~ rugtis'fsfts'si
10 gvssfvssHs rssr,pi~ss, s~stss Hr-s'ssssNs'.s
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vea@ o. sssss ssfswss a. p.s 50 'ss
.sru~ tstrvssNss fN~s shusy stsAs 80 -
f,s,a . lsasfsar s.eNsfsv fi.@ e~~rfis'
f~ssuss 4 w. ssss~us . Fsfgss. s@rerse'e
- FNsg grss sasrpsWs 4sasssasm~ss ifsfs
. ~ IseHsttusf eeHsseNsstaHsf 80 ppssfits
n iWWssstes
- ssssa gsusesNle sbN nstsNp 90 ~ Nssfss
s~F~es nn~sws~ 49, slss~ f,~s ~ ss~s -
mse~ rg~ss 'eys y ,ne sssg~svs w s,N.
sssSe@ sraWlv 80 lusegNsss = 10 rssss~s
sfs sH'i ~ ssre~es ~ see ls-s,s ssfw-e 20
ttsss ~se pwfMr~~e~ ~ A~ieaw Psa
eNs.vs ses~es snss ~ s~@y~~F swNs ~ r'slis~s
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e~~sfse@us ~ses ssrs ~ N@ tsr<sf~s fN~
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pse,s' enss n " ~ rsssvta,es fs~'nt'~s ~sirh
IN lkss~-s,xes sss,la r~e 10 stspetlv 80
~~s~~wsgvs wWn r~sssf ~ s<ss~sv 500
t,s~s ne lrssswr~. th~ rs,,~y q ss~ e~'sss-
stss~ ssa~svs ~ svess~~siy ~ ls~ts lsv'sss
ssr~nsttssrs ~ e~vtsis p,ss~- sNsr~ ~
Essrsl ~ rsh~r sv~~sss ss-rss,s~ess'~~s Tssv
sss6x. hvs y. gss~,s-~ sls~Ss~s~ q p~rOr
Fss~ss ssswA le@sss ~ hssttssss= ss=s'na
iess tsplrvss.sv reess~s~,s s-~~ys'ssNn Tine
~ Aes~~sp ~ sssss nee rr.vsss~t '~','ss-
Inc ths sWsv0~~s NsN ~ esssh. swh vs
s~slsh sea h~sstv ~ sr~h,s~~tuvsI d~-,sr.
v~sswhs~s s~sh~stvsi rssh~v snsm rs'iwsv
ssssl-r, shse~ss IN ssh~s parts ~ B~,ssa~
th~ sssstrsra Ne 20 st~f~rtv~ soves iNesi~stssss~
sN~lsss and . ls~s n M. srdinsry s~ron-
ssDiss,on vh,cN rHslwsv ~ssl~n f,~i-nsina
=, Q pv,vsse compensation msy No r~ss-rsh'v
espe-ted so AFFORD s.,-h unsatisfactory
conditions ere posa,bl~ IN B~,ssm b-ss,ss~
shs STATE rsiI~svs ,hsve have fot fh~ ,rcs.
per, q wopnpolv ~ ths ,r.fHc snd csn be
op~rss~i Nv the Minister ~ Rsii~sys 80
Ne thinks A. IN the Un,sed kiussiou, oo
the oshev hand. tho various requirements
are carefully r~' snd tho improvements
continually keps up o~ins to tho pres-
sure ~ composition and tho nec-s-i,y 20
ssch individual line cs,erins veil ,o ,he
public " dividends are On I,~ ssru~d The
improvements In tho conditions - railway
travel IN tho United Kingdom. now repu,ed
among the rposs notable In the world would
sssur~dly not have b-~n brought about to
the same extent had the ~l~mer, ~ compe-
tition been nou-exiss-nt by reason 81 o
resort ca State ownership.
The apparent lowne-s N the railway
fares In Belgium. upon which stress has
been laid by the Irish advocate~ ~ state
ownership. ts demonstrated by NJ Pe.chaud
10 he Influenced considerably by the speciaI
charges imposed for express trains and
Ivy the comparatively heavy payments
10 be made for luggage none II which
10 carried free. whereas on British railways
. generous amount of free luggage In al
lowed. With regard Ia rates and charges
for merchandise. VI. Peschaud concedee
that these are certainly low enough in
Belgium for international trsfic. and also
for long distance domestic traffic. owing in
each instance TO the active composition of
other railways Belgian or foreign. and also
Of the waterways. He adds. however,
that the rates for short distance domestic
trsf,c. which Ia bound 10 90 by the state
railways, are much higher. and the traders
concerned make frequent demands for
reductions. Mr.. Pratt points out that
IL 10 oil important TO bear in mind the fact
last mentioned in any comparisons which
are made between British and Continental
railway rates. Home critics OF British
railways, ignoring the short distance rates
In force ON the Continent, take instead the
international or long distance rates for
points where the element Of severe COM
A.
not even with the export rates granted
to shippers in England AZ well a. in Con-
tinental countries. but with the short dis
tance rates in force on English roads,
although there 10 no fair basis Of compari-
son between the two. tho conditions being
altogether dssimlar.
In the next place. We should observe
that the fixing OF rates charged by the State
railways in Belgium 10 subject exclusively
TO the arbitrary will OF the Government.
The Belgian Minister Of Railways 10 not
assisted by q single adviser technically
competent. whereas under tho system OF
private ownership which prevails In the
United Kingdom all passenger fares and
all rates and charges for transportation
are fixed by experts ON commercial prin-
ciples, and with q due regar rd to the en-
couragement and development OF traffic.
The settlement OF the claims for damages
made by shippers on account Of mer-
chandise lost or spoiled are never settled
by the Belgian State railways until their
managers have exhausted all possible re-
sources in the way OF legal procedure
In the United Kingdom on the other hand.
railway companies recognize the CONNER
ctal importance OF prompt and satisfactory
settlemsnts and are also impelled thereto
by q spirit Of composition. 90 that con-
siderable number OF claims are settled by
them even when the Consignment in re-
spect to which such claims arc made have
been carried at owners risk
In England on April ~, 1907, Mr.. Lloyd
George assured deputation that in Ger
many -the whole railway system seemed to
he suhordinsted to the one object of pro-
noting tho trade and industry Of the
country Mr.. Pratt shows that this
ss.~rtion In IN foundsd thu truth hs;n~