The Montgomery advertiser., 1907-04-18
CARNEGIE
 DECORATED Final Sessions of the
 Conference. HAD TWO GREAI BANQUETS Laird is Given Cross of Legion
 of Honor. William Jennings Bryan Closes Re- markabIe Meeting for Peace by Making Eloquent Appeal for
 Brotherhood of Man.

ANcW IoEh <APIi hS hioS WIS vention of the National Arbitration and Peace Congress came to an end today after three days session. with two large banquets, one at the Hotel Astor and the other at the Waldorf Astoria
 The event of greatest interest was the decoration of Andrew Carnegie with the cross of the Legion of Honor by the French Government, rep resented by Baron dEstournelles dc Constant, in appreciation of his work for peace and his gift of the palace at The Hague.
 Mir Carnegie. who Is President of the Congress. today gave out state ,ment as to the results of the congress. Although not so designated by MT. Carnegie, the statement constitutes a reply to some of the suggestions con- tained in the letter which President Roosevelt addressed to the congress on It's opening day.
 MT. Carnegie quotes these statements as objections" and proceeds as fol- lows:
 The Three Objections.
 Our peace conference has brought three objections clearly before Us.
 "The first-Nations cannot submit all questions to arbitration. Answer Six of them have recently done so, by treaty: Denmark. The Netherlands. Chile and Argentina, Norway and Sweden.
 "tNote-since Norway has just se- cured independence, the treaty pro- vides that it's integrity shall not be questioned, but whether 1t is or not affected in any dispute Is to be decided by The Hague conference).
 50 much for the claims that nations cannot submit all questions; they have done 1t.
 ''Second-Justice is higher than peace. Answer: The first principle of national justice forbids men to judge when they are parties to the issue. All law rests upon this throughout the civilized world. Were judge known to sit upon case in which he was se- cretly interested, he would be dishon- ored and expelled from hia high office. If any individual refuses to submit his dispute with a neighbor to disin- terested parties (arbitrators or judges) and insists upon being his own judge, he would violate the first principles of justice. If he resorted to force fin defense of his right to judge, he would be dishonored as a breaker of the law. Thus peace with justice is secured through arbitration, either by court or by tribunal, never by one of the parties sitting as judge in his own case. 2
 Nations being only aggregates of individuals, they will not reach justice in their judgments until the same rule holds good, viz.: That they. like in dividuals, shall not sit as judges in their own case. What is unjust for individuals is unjust for nations. Jus tice is justice interchangeable and should hold universal sway over men and over all nations.
 Third. it is neither peace nor jus tice, but righteousness that shall exalt the nation.
 Doing What Is Right.
 "Answer-Righteou is simply doing what Is right. What is just is always right; what is unjust is always wrong It being the first principle of justice that men shall not be judges in their own cause, to refuse to submit to judge or arbitrator is unjust and not right, for the essence of righteousness Is justice. Therefore men who place justice or righteousness above peace practically proclaims, as 1t appears to me- that they will commit injustice and discard righteousness by consti- tutinE themselves sole judges of their own cause in violation of law, justice and right.
 Civilized man has reached the con- clusion that he reaches the claims of justice and right only by upholding the present reign of law. Our press ing duty Is to extend its benign reign to combinations of men called nations. What is right for each individual must be right for the nation. This union of law and justice, insurng peace and good will among men through disinter- ested tribunals is the Righteousness which exalteth a nations' The demand that interested parties shall sit in judgment is the 'wickedness that de- grades nation.
 Baron d'Estournelles de Constant announced in his address at the Wal dorf-Astoria banquet that the cross of Commander of the Legion of Honor has been conferred by the French gov ernment on Andrew Carnegie and then proceeded to the banquet at the Hotel Astor where the decoration was for mally presented to MT. Carnegie.