The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1907-04-16
PEACENAKERS Of
CARNEGIE HALL
.,sss:
.OE p
Gefp Sentative Criticised
BY Andrew Carnegie
BRYAN LOUDLY CALLED FOR
Mr.. Root and Notables From Several
Countries Speak at the Peace Con-
ference-Rooseve Writes
Warning and Advice.

New York. April 15-At the peace meet
ing at Carnegie hall tonight Prof. Hugo
Munsterberg, holding the chair of philos-
ophy at Harvard university, called down
upon his head the criticism of Andrew
Carnegie by stating that conscription was
looked upon as hardship in Germany.
The professor made the statement to em-
phasize his point that universal peace
should be looked upon not as material
but as moral matter.
Mr.. Carnegie in replying called atten-
tion to the thousands of people who are
said to have come to America to escape
military service, and added that no one
could make him believe that 1t was this
burden of conscriptions that caused by
far the greater part of emigration.
The appearance of w. J. Bryan on the
platform was signal for loud calls for
him, and he was forced to respond briefly
to the demand for a speech.
Baron ID Estournalles de Constant spoke
at length as representative of the
French people, Germany was represented
by Professor Munsterberg. and DR.. Rich
ard Martin De Martens spoke for Holland,
and Sir Robert Ball and W. I. Stead for
England, Sir Robert Cranston for Scot
land and Secretary Straus for America.
Warned by President Roosevelt and
Secretary of State Elihu Root that If
success is to crown the efforts of
those who are working for peace
among the nations of the world,
that their endeavors must be along prac-
tical lines; that they must not be in
sis.ing upon the impossible, put off the
da- when the possible can be accom-
plshed, the International arbitration and
peace conference which is meeting in
this city, under the presidency of Andrew
Carnegie, began today IT. real activities
with two crowded sessions in Carnegie
hall.
Root on Armament.
Secretary Root also took occasion in his
speech TO point oUtthe propositions which
the United States government Will have
to make at Ne coming conference at
The He ssdessFIe warned-his hearers not
I 70 expect too much at this second con-
ference. The President, in letter to
the congress expressed the hope that the
coming congress might result in the
adoption of an international arbitration
treaty.
Secretary Root after seconding this
hope, declared the United States thought
it proper to urge again the discussion
of the subject of the limitation of arma-
ment of the nations on land and on sea,
force in the collection of debts owed by
o:.s nation to the citizens of another
Mr.. Carnegie, In an address to the con-
gress paid tribute to President Roose-
welt and expressed the wish that the
President might be the peacemaker of
the future. He declared, however. that
Emperor William Is the man among all
who holds the peace of the nations In
his power. In this connection Mr. Car
n gaid lnjnst sneak of
the Emperor as a menace to the peace
of Europe, adding that in twenty years
upon the throne the German ruler had
split no blood, nor caused an interna-
tional war.
Letter From Roosevelt.
At the afternoon session the speakers
were Secretary Root Governor Hughes
of New York Mayor Mcclellan of New
York city and Mr.. Carnegie.
1t was at the afternoon session also
that the letter from President Roosevelt
was presented and read. AT the night
session the speakers included Baron o Es-
tournalles d'Constant member of the
French senate and head of the interna-
tional conciliation committee and Secre-
ts.- Straus of the department of COM
merce and labor, who spoke upon "The
Peace of Nations, and Peace Within Ma
tons
President Roosevelt in his letter to the
congress urged that its efforts be devot-
ed to the practical side of the question
it had undertakn to discuss.
The President closed by stating what
he hoped to see at the coming con-
ference at The Hague was a general
arbitration treaty among the nations
adopted, and The Hague court greatly
increased in power and permanency, the
judges in particular be made permanent
and given adequate salaries.
Hague Conference.
Secretary Root speaking partly in be-
half of the President, dwelt upon the
hope that The Hague conference would
see another long step toward the attain
ment of International arbitration. He de-
clared that the government of the United
States had been of the opinion that the
possibility Of an agreement to the limita-
ito, of armed forces by land and sea
and of war budgets. ought to be further
considered and discussed at the coming
Hague conference.
ar. Carnegie in his address took de-
cidedly more optimistic view of the i'm
mediate outlook Cor universal peace
Speaking for the arbitration and peace
congress he declared himself a convert
to the league of peace idea--the forma-
tion of an International police. never for
aggression. always for protection, to the
peace of the civilized world.
n