Omaha daily bee., 1907-01-27
Relst ons Eetween Church and the State Go
from Bad to Worse.
ANTl-CLERlCALS ACTIVE OVER EUROPE
Frances Attitude Nay Soon Re that Of
Spain and Germany.
SERIOUS PROBLEMS CONFRONT VATICAN
Has Greater Need for Wise Action Than
His Predecessor.
FRICTION IN COLLEGE OF CARDINALS
RsmpolIa and GOttI Not in Position
to Give Advice and Spanish Pre-
Iates Have Greatest
influence.
IN COLLEGE OF CARDINALS

or the dispute between the vatican ana
France was given. This dispute. with the
possible exception of the struggle between
the kaiser and the socialists, in all proba-
bility is the paramount question in Eu-
ropean politics today. After quoting the
clerical newspapers, the cardinals and even
the official statements Of the Vatican Civ
ing the Catholic side of the controversy, 1t
is perhaps only fair to give something of
the arguments used by the anti-clericals
or at least to give a concensus Of the opiu-
ions OF the newspapers and public men
whose political policy appears to consist Of
the art of keeping in the middle of the
road"
Many diplomats who cannot be counted
as distinctly anti-clerical are saying that
while formerly papal diplomacy was re-
garded the model for the world for
the last few years 1t has been regarded as
making one mistake after another. Leo
XIII is admitted to have been something
Of statesman and diplomat and when he
died there was peace with France, or at
least no antagonisms which the papal
nuncio could not smooth away; in Germany
the government in the final analysis found
itself always relying upon the clerical
party, while in Spain 1t must be admitted
ultramontism was practically supreme.
lOoay france mas OenOunCeu INC COh-
cordat and appears to be willing, IL pro-
voked to embark on a struggle which may
end in the annihilation Of the Catholic
church in France. In Germany Prince Won
Buelow, as the representative of the i'm
perial government has shaken off the
Catholic centrum and has declared war on
Herr Roeren and Herr Won Spain, a war
which will not end with this campaign
unless fear OF the socialists force an alli-
ance hateful to the representatives OF the
Vatican and the Lutheran government. In
Spain the whole country appears to be in
a ferment and ready on small provocation
to start repetition of the Kulturkampf on
which France has embarked At the same
time the question as to whether Polish
speaking children shall be forced TO re-
ceive religious instruetion--and say their
prayers by order OF the German police In
the German language, which they only im-
perfectly understand. appears to be caus-
ing the Catholic bishops no end OF worry
in eastern Prussia.
Serious Problems for Pope.
So much may be said to be fair state
ment OF the case from the point of view
Of the historian who deals merely with
the facts as he finds them. OF course,
there are n thousand and one things which
can be said by way of explanation-it is
perhaps true that Pope Plus X has had
series of problems to deal with more sert-
GUS than those which confronted Leo XIII
during the closing years OF his life.
The election of Pope Plus X was a COM
promise At the last conclave the leaders,
the only two who had a chance, were Car
dinal Gott and Cardinal Rampolla, the
secretary OF state. Unfortunately for
both, they had the reputation OF being
partisans. Cardinal Rampolla was de-
scribed as the representative of France,
while Cardinal Gotti, the prefect of the
propaganda, was supposed to be devoted
to the kaiser and the triple alliance. The
fact that Cardinal Rampolla was the sec
retary of state OF Leo XIII caused stste-
ments to be widely circulated by his enc
mics to the effect that he was the more
dangerous Of the two. His position was at
least sufficiently prominent for the Aus
trian emperor, at the instigation OF the
kaiser, to fear him sufficiently to exercise
his right OF veto against Cardinal Ram
polla. II is true that It is claimed that
this right has never been recognized by
the Vatican, but inasmuch as It has always
been recognized by outsiders and has been
acted upon It is power to be feared and
according TO all accounts at the psycholog-
ical moment tne Ob1tcllon OF NHt
emperor against Cardinal Rampolla was
entered and in the very next vote, the sec
retary OF state being practically eliminated
the patriarch OF Venice became pope.
Cardinal Rampolla and his opponent, Car
dinal Gotti. are both rare guests at the
Vatican since the selection of the new
pope In one way this may be said TO be
I truly natural. They are growing old end
ambitions for preferment being eliminated
since It is not probable that any combina-
! tlons could arise which would carry them
10 the chair OF st. Peter, they are for tho
! first time in their lives perhaps securing
I a little well earned rest. Certain II Is
/ that Cardinal Rampolla never appears un-
/ less his duties a member OF the sacred
/ college require his presence. But not even
| his harshest critics have ever accused him
! OF neglecting duty. His great rival for
| the papal tiara, Cardinal GOtti, though he
! is also rare guest at the Vatican, holds
/ fast TO the immense power which lies in
his hands as prefect Of the congregation
Of the propaganda.
cred Pope" Powerful.
Barring the black pope" the general
/ Of the Company OF Jesus. there is no such
powerful figure at Rome as the red
none" He has under his Jurisdiction the
greatest part OF the civilized world. Rome
divides the universe into two parts-the
! Christian world and the missions. IN the
/ first is the organized church; the second
/ belongs 10 the propaganda
The propaganda has under its jurisdic-
ton the whole OF Asia. with the ezcep-
ton OF the archbishopric Of Goa: all Africa,
except the bishoprics OF Carthage and Of
/ Angola: Oceanica, nearly all Of America,
Great Britain. Sweden, Norway, Denmark.
Holland Luxemburg, Bosnia, Servia, Rnu-
mania, Montenegro. Turkey, Greece and a
part Of Germany and a part OF sYitzer-
land. It's hierarchy includes Wears pre-
fects and nine apostolic delegates, thou
sands ana thousands OF missionaries. which
carry the word of God into the countries
which constitute its domain Its chief
source of expenditure Is in connection with
the College Urbain. the great seminary al
Rome, where hesmissiOnaries are trained