davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1907-01-21
AUCTION SALES.
RY Samuel II. Lunt. Auetioper.

by samuel II. Lunt, buctlOptr'
AUCTION SALE.-Sale Of a desirable
n house and business building on King
street between Washington and st. Asaph
streets, Alexandria, Va.
By virtue Of and pursuant 10 the terms OF a
deed of trust dated June u, 1903, executed by
Rachael V. Padgeit Widow TO me, John W.
May, as trustee and of frecord in deed book No.
30 at page $50 of the land records Of the city of
Alexandria, Va, at the quest and direction
of the party thereby secured, default having
been made in the payment Of the note secured
by the said trust, the undersigned trustee will
offer for sale at public auction at the Roysl
street entrance to the Market Building, in
said city, on
SATURDAY. JANUARY 26, 1907,
at II o'clock a. M, all that certain piece Of
land with the buildings and improvements
thereon situated on the south side Of King
street between Washington and st. Asaph
streets, bounded as follows
Beginning at a point on the south side OF
King street 81 fee' 6inches east Of Washing
ton street and running thence west Of King
street q feet inches thence south parallel
with Washington street lC0 feet thence east
parallel with King street 81 feet inches, and
thence NORTH parallel with Washington street
100 feet to the beginning, the lot being i'm
proved by good store aud dwelling combined.
Terms of Ssl' Ca'h. Conyeyancing at
the cost Of the purchaser.
del5 SOt JOHN w. MAY. Trustee.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1907-01-21
Dr.. Pierce's FayOrite Prescription

Is a powerful, invigOrating tonic. impart-
ing health and strength In particular
TO the organs distinctly feminine. The
local. womanly health is 50 intimately
related 10 the general health that when
diseases OF the delicate womanly organs
are cured the whole body gains In health
and strength. For weak and sickly
women who are Sworn-out," "run-down
or debilitated, especially for women who
work in store, Office or schoolroom, who
sit at the typewriter or sewing machine,
or bear heavy household burdens, and for
nursing mothers, DR.. Pierce's FayOrite
Prescription has proven q priceless
benefit because Of its health restoring
and strength giving powers;
As q soothing and strengthening nerV-
ine. rFayOrite Prescription IS un-
eQualed and is Invaluable In allaying and
subdung nervous excitabillty, irritabn-
ity, nervous exhaustion, nervous prOStra-
tion, neuralgia. hysteria, spasms, chorea,
or st. Nitus's dance, and other distressing
nervous symptoms commonly attendant
upon functional and organic disease oi
the womanly organs. II induces refresh,
ing sleep and relieves mental anxiety and
dependency
scriptlCn is a positive cure for the most
complicated and obstinate cases OF We
male weakness" painful periods, lrregu-
larities. prolapsus or falling Of the pelvic
organs. weak back, bearing-down sensa-
IiOns chronic congestion. Inflammation
aud liberation.
Dr. Pierce's medicines are made from
harmless but efficient medical roots
found growing 10 our American forests.
The.lndans knew OF the marvellous cura-
tive value OF some OF these roots and i'm
parted That knowledge TO some Of the
iriendller whites. and gradually some OF
the more progressive physicians came 10
test and use them. and ever since they
have grown i'm favor by reason Of their
superior curative virtues and their safe
and harmless qualities.
Your druggists sell the "FAvORITE PRE-
sCRIPI1oN and also that famous altera-
tive. blood purifier and stomach tonic, the
@GOLDEN MEDICAL DISCOVERY Write
20 Dr. Pierce about your case. lie IS an
experienced physician andwill treat your
case as confidential aud without charge
for correspondence. Address him az the
Invalid, Hotel and Surgical Institute,
Buffalo. y. Y. Of which he is chief con-
sultlng physician
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1907-01-21

Curtice Brothers SAP MAPLE SYRUP
Blue Label CATSUP, ASSORTED JAMS
and BAKED BEANS just received by
j. @. kILBURN,
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1907-01-21
alexandria GGzetts,

PUBLISHED DAILY AND TRI.wEKKLY AT
GAZETTE BUILDING. $40 q 3l2 PRINCE
STREET
TERMS: DAILY year, $500; months,
$3.50; months, $1:25; month, 4S cents;
/ week, 10 cents.
Tri-weekly-l year, $500; months, $l.5O
8 months, 70 cents; month, % cents.
Contract advertisers will not be allowed TO ex'
ceed therspsce unless theexcess is paid foi
at transient rates, and under no eircnm-
stances will they be allowed % advertise
other than their legitimate business III the
space contracted for.
Marriage and death notices must be paid for
IN advance.
Resolutions in memOnam, Of thanks, tributes
Of respect resolutions adopted by societies
or persons, unless Of public concern, viii
My be printed in the paper az advertise
pents.
lEutered at the PostOfice Of Alexandria, V1r
ginia. as second-class matter.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1907-01-21
Beware of Ointments for Catarrh
that Contain Mercury.

as mercury viii surely destroy the sense OF
small and completely derenge the whole
system when entering it through the mucous
surfaces. Such articles should never be used
except on prescriptions from reputable ply
sicians, as the damage they will do is ten
fold to the good you can possibly derive from
them. Halls Cstarrh Cure, manufactured
by +. J. Cheney q Co.. Toledo, o.. contains
NO mercury, and is taken internally. acting
directly upon the blood and mucous surfaces
Of the system. In buying Halls Catarrh
Cure be sure you get the genuine. II taken
internally aud made in Toledo, Ohio, by f..
J. Cheney & Co. Testimonials free.
Sold by Druggists. Price, 75c per bottle.
Take Halls Family Pills foi constipation.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1907-01-21
A Tragic Finish.

A watchman's neglect permitted leak n
the great North Sea dyke, which child's
finger could have stopped. to become ruin.
ous break, devastating an entire province Of
Holland. In like manner Kenneth hclver,
Of Vanceboro, Me-, permitted little cold to
20 unnotced until large tragic finish was
only ayerted by DR.. Kings New Discovery
He writes Three doctors gave me up TO die
of lung Inflammation caused by neglected
cold but DR.. Kings New Discovery saved
my life. Guaranteed best cough and cold
cure at f. S. Leadbeater & Sons drug store.
SOC and Sl.0O. Trial bottle free.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1907-01-21
APPEARING OLD
.ets as a Rar to Profitable Employ
menf.

You cannot AFFORD 10 grow old.
In these days of strenuous competition
Il is necessary 10 maintain. as long as
possible ones youthful appearance.
II is impossible to DO this without re-
tanning a luxurious growth OF hair.
The presence Of Danerur indicates the
presence OF a burrowing germ when
lives and thrives on the roots or the
hair until IL causes total badness
Vewbro's Herpicde is the only known
DESTROYER OF this pest. and il IS as effee-
tive as il is delightful to use
Herpiclde makes an elegant 'hair dress
ing az well as Dandrufr cure.
Accept no substitute-there is none.
Sold by leading druggists Send lOc. IT
stamps for sample 10 The Herpicide Co.
Detroit. Mich.
Two sizes-50 cents and 800.
f. s. Ieadheater Il Sons, Special Agents
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1907-01-21
county.

Does Coffee disagree with you Probably it
does! hen try DR.. Shops Health Coffee.
Health Coffee" is "a clever combination OF
parched cereals and nuts. Not grain Of
real Coffee, remember, in DR.. Shops Health
Coffee, yet its flavor and taste matches closely
old Java and Mocha Coffee. fyour stomach,
heart, or kidneys can't stand Coffee drink.
ing, try Health Coffee. II is wholesome
hourishing, and satisfying. It's safe even
for the youngest child. Sold by f. 5. Lead
beater & Sons, druggist.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1907-01-21
PAIN

Pain IN the head-pain anywhere mas us Gauss.
pain is scongestion pain Is blood pressure-nothlng
else usually. Al least 50 says Dr.. Shoop' and 10
prove it lie has created = little pink tablet that
tablet-culled Dr. ShOops Headache Tablet
coaxes blood pressure away IRON pam cehters.
charming pleasingly delightful. Gently,
though safely It surely equllHes the blood circu-
latiOn.
II YOU have a headache. it's blood pressure.
If It's painful periods with women. same cause;
II Won nr, Sleeplcss. restless nervous. its blood
cong-,tion-bl0Od pressure. That surely Is u
certaiuty. for Dr. ShoOp, Headache Tablets stop
il In ~ minutes. and the tablet, simply distroute
the unnatural blood pressure
BruiSe your finger and doesn't IL get red. ana
swell. and pain you? OF course il does It's con-
eestion. blood pressure. You'll find itwhere PAIN
is--always It's simply Common sense.
We sell VI 9j cents. and cheeriuly recomlhehu
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1907-01-21
A Hard Lot

of troubles to contend with, spring from q
torpid liver and blocksded bowels, unless
YOU awaken them to their proper action with
DR.. Kings New Life Pills: the pleasantest
aud most effective cure for Constipation.
They prevent Appendicitis and tone up the
the system. 25c at F. S. Leadbeater & Sons
drug store.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1907-01-21
FOR SALEAND RENT.

EOR RENT.-BRICK DWELLING No.
L GIG south Lee street. Large side and
back yard. For information apply at this
Office. no29 II
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1907-01-21
Stops FOR SALE.

Wehave resumed opera tions at the Mahoney'
vile distillery in Fairfax county, near Alex
andria. and have plenty Of slops ct all times
Price 10 cents per barrel. An excellent food
for milch cows and hogs.
ian11 I'm w. E. SISSON. Manager,
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1907-01-21

Mothers who give their children Kennedy's
Laxative Cough syrup invariably indorse il,
Contains Honey and Tar. Conforms TO the
National Pure Food and Drug Law. Sold by
w. +. Creighton 4 Co.. 40l King street.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1907-01-21

DeWitt's Kidney and Bladder Pills drive
the poison from the body. % cent box
holds a weeks treatment. Sold by w. +.
Creighton d Co., 40l King street.
Clinch Valley news. [volume] (Jeffersonville, Va.) 18??-2019, 1907-03-22

Tuberose bulbs at Harrisson, Barns
s. Company.
Preaching in the Presbyterian church
next Sunday at IL a. NJ
The last 100 subscribers needed to
complete our list OF 1000, come in
regularly. We now lack less than 100
Help us make up the number. Your
friend or neighbor will subscribe if
you will suggest it. Please do so.
This'is a good time to put out Tube
rose bulbs You can find the right kind
at HARRISON, Barns & Co.
Chas. Stern, who recently moved
back to Tip Top from this town, was
here day or two ago, on business.
Easter Suits. Easter Hats. Easter
neckwear, gloves, etc. at The Big Store.
HARRISON & Gillespie Bros.
Mr.. Ebb Witten, of Grundy, and his
family are here. Mr.. Witten will locate
in this town. and make his home h ere
again. Mrs. Witten's health has inn
proved somewhat, perhaps, since her
return from Colorado.
Don't imagine you have seen the
smartest neckwear In town till you
have seen our display.
HARRISON & Gillespie Bros.
Rev. and Mrs. Geo. Buston have re-
turned from their winter soiourn i'm
Florida improved in health, and feel
ing quite young again. They spent
their winter in st. Petersburg, on the
gulf coast, popular winter resort. Mr..
Buston says that the orange and
peach trees were loaded with fine fruit
when he left there, and that the
climate was delightful.
Clinch Valley news. [volume] (Jeffersonville, Va.) 18??-2019, 1907-03-22

Mr.. w. G. Cecil, one of the oldest
citizens of the county, was here on
Monday to order the News sent to his
address in Tennessee where he will
make his home hereafter. He will
spend the rest of his days with his son
Daniel, who lives near Jonesboro.
where he has lived since 1882. Mr..
Cecil left Tazewell in 1882, with his
family, for Tennessee, where he lived
until the death of his wife. when he
came back 10 Tazewell, where he has
lived since. He was gallant Confede-
rate soldier, and is still active mental
ly and physically, at the age of 70
years.
Mr.Thos. Thompson reached Tazewell
several days ago from Beuna Vista. He
is thought to be improving. He is at
the home of his brother, Mr.. Paris
Thompson, on Mechanics Avenue.
1t doesn't seem like Easter to the
average boy unless he has new suit.
We have them.
HARRISON & Gillespie Bros.
Geo. Slade, of Cove Creek, and
Henry Peck, Of Unaka. were In city on
Tuesday. Mr.. Peck has had great
deal OF sickness in his family recently,
his wife and son both having quite
severe attacks. Both are improving
now.
New spring styles in shirts at The
Big Store.
Harrison & Gillespie Bros.
t. A. Draper, who has been agent of
the N. & W., at Tip Top for a number
of years, has been transferred to Rich
lands, a larger and much better posi-
ton. Mr.. Draper and his family have
moved to Richards.
Mr.. w. t. Thompson found a valu-
able young work horse dead in his
barn in Thompson Valley Wednesd ay
morning. 1t had been in the pillow
Tuesday and possibly became over
heated.
Cream, earn, and white lace waists
at The Big Store.
HARRISON & Gillespie Bros.
Herbert Mccall, OF Lambert, w. Va,
was here on Tuesday in attendance
upon the marriage of his sister, Miss
Lizzie.
@. NJ. Linkous will move to Graham
where he will engage In the mercantile
business. He sold his property here
TO Lacy Tynes for about $500.
Clinch Valley news. [volume] (Jeffersonville, Va.) 18??-2019, 1907-03-22
w. A. Scott g. Co.
North Tazewell, Va, March Fl.

The former Britain residence and
the office occupied by Attorney H. G.
Anderson for years, weIe sold at public
auction last Saturday by order OF the
Board of Supervisors OF the county.
The buildings brought. both OF them,
S325.O0 and were purchased by Jos.
w. Moss and j. Il. Heldreth. The
office building will be moved across
the street and still be occupied by MIR.
Anderson.
Mr.. Clarence G. Burns, a prominent
young lawyer of Lebanon, stopped
over in Tazewell on yesterday, enrcute
TO his home from business trip to
Richmond. Mr.. Burns is a brother Ct
w. Il. Burns, the widely known lawyer
Of Lebanon,
Compare our grass seed and prices
before you buy
Tazewell Supply Co.
Clinch Valley news. [volume] (Jeffersonville, Va.) 18??-2019, 1907-03-22

Mr.. G. G. Long, General Manager of
the E. l.. & p. Co., VINO has been pro-
noting an electric line in Accmac
county, on the Eastern shore OF Viz
ginia returned recently from trip to
that section, where he met the citizens
interested in the enterprise. An organi-
zation was perfected, with Spencer f..
Rogers, President, JOS. D. Bull, Treas
urer and Thos. w. Taylor, Secretary.
Nh. G. C. Long was elected a member
OF the Board OF Directors.
Pure granulated sugar, any quantity
at % cents per pound
Tazewell Supply Co.
Special attention is called to the new
advertisement OF the Rexall remedies,
The Virginia Carolina Chemical Co,
and others in this issue.
Clinch Valley news. [volume] (Jeffersonville, Va.) 18??-2019, 1907-03-22

We have chosen beautifully. well and with deliberations
You may be OF finding here only such merchandise fashion
deems proper.
Black white and brown long kid gloves IS
Splendid quality long silk gloves black white
All OF the newest necwear in silk, mercezed and lace En-
brodered collars ChemiseueS and 81.
High back combs plain settings CSC 5000
Many styles of pretty brooches and baretes
Patent leather oXfordS, pumps and sandals So
Clinch Valley news. [volume] (Jeffersonville, Va.) 18??-2019, 1907-03-22
Millinery:

One OF the strongest departments of business the miln
cry department. ere fancy millinery profits prevail but in
TINS as IN department of this business, EXCLUSIVE
are shown prices that other houses ask for much
ferior Stuffs.
Clinch Valley news. [volume] (Jeffersonville, Va.) 18??-2019, 1907-03-22

account of the Illness OF near relative.
Ladies:
You will make mistake II you fail
20 see our mattings.
HARRISON & Gillespie Bros.
John NJ. Kregar, Esq, OF Abingdon,
who has been for the last 30 days as
sisting in the Clerks Office here, re-
turned TO his home Wednesday. MI.
Kregar while made many friends, due
TO his personal afTability and official
efficiency.
The celebrated "Griffonr waists for
ladies. None like them.
HARRISON & Gillespie Bros.
Mr.. ]. S. Whit, Bandy, was here on
Wednesday looking as hungry as
usual. He says he gets enough to eat
but il does him little good.
See our line OF ladies waists.
HARRISON & Gillespie Bros.
Garden making has been the order
Of the pretty spring days OF this week.
The Southwestern Land Agency
writes us TO drop the ad Of the Joseph
Coyd farm In Pulaski-''farm sold. will
give you other advertisement shortly
And yet, some say it, doesn't pay to
advertise.
We are now showing the handso
NEST line OF ladies white waists In town.
HARRISON & Gillespie Bros.
We want a good news letter from
every post office in the county each
week, and will pay for same. Write
us about it. Let the public know about
the happenings in your section.
Our ladies waists are the talk Of the
town. HARRISON & Gillespie Bros
T. A. Repass, ST., OF Cedar Bluff, has
been here all the week, visiting his son,
L. A. Repass, Jr., and attending the
meetings in the Methodist church.
Ladies:
We are showing this spring the
handsomest and most complete line of
Rugs and Druggets in the town.
HARRISON & Gillespie Bros.
Green b. Taylor and Miss Connie
Webb were married on the afternoon
of the 18th, by Rev. H. NJ. Fugate, at
the parsonage.
Grass Druggets,
Mating DruPgets,
Brustle Druggets,
Administer Druggets,
Wilton Druggets and
Rugs all at
The Big Store.
Harrison q Gillespie Bros.
Messrs T. b. Asbury and Ed. B.
Ellis, two worthy citizens of Asbury.
were here on Monday, and asked that
their names be entered upon our sub
scription list. Nearly all the progress
sive and reading people around about
now take the News.
See our line of Jap and China mat
tings. HARRISON g. Gill sspie Bros.
Gold Medal flour at wholesale price
direct to the consumer.
Eazewell Supply Co.
Mrs. Jas. V. Peirce is here on a
visit to her parents, Mr.. and Mrs. Geo.
r. Surface. ~
Five grades fertilizer. Prices as well
analyses guaranteed.
Tazewell Supply Co.
Judges Stuart and Coulling, J. w.
Chapman and A. p. Gillespie have
been in attendance upon Court at
Welch this week.
Robert, the little son of DR.. jackson
continues quite sick, though perhaps
improving slowly.
Mrs. Judge Graham and little
daughter have returned home.
Mrs. Rose Kroll is improving.
J. It. Hopkins of J. T. Hopkins g.
Co., Yukon, VIVA. spent Saturday and
Sunday with his family here.
Our shipment Of paper was delayed
this week, and we were compelled to
issue 0 COLUMNS pages only.
The San Francisco call., 1907-02-20
KAISER SOUNDS SLOGAN
FOR PEACE OF NATIONS
Opens New Reichstag With
a Speech of Good Will
to Other Countries

BERN, Feb. 19.-Emperor William
opened the new Reichstag today amid
a gorgeous stage setting in the great
white hall of the palace, identified for
centuries with great events in the house
of Hohenzollern- Members of the Reich
tag, in uniform or evening dress, as
sembled on the floor of the hall, but
there was not a Socialist among them,
for, being anti-Monarchists and Repub-
licans, they refused to countenance the
sovereign in any form. The Empress,
attended by the Crown Princess Cecilia
and numerous Princesses of the German
ruling houses, occupied a great box at
one end of the hall. while from another
box the diplomatic corps surveyed the
scene Among those in the latter box
were ambassador and Mrs. Tower and
Professor and Mrs. Burgess.
Referring to the foreign relations of
Germany and to international peace, the
Emperor said:
THE general political situation enti-
ties US to the assuEance that peace will
continue to be preserved. My Govern
ment maintains with our allies our old,
heartfelt relations, and with the other
powers good and correct relations Fol-
lowing the suggestion Of the United
States and the proposals of Russia, ]
have accepted an invitation to the sec
ond peace conference at The Hague,
which in view Of the first Hague con-
ference, will be qualified to develop fur
ther laws among nations for the good
of humanity and peace"
The San Francisco call., 1907-02-20
LARGE SUMS FOR WORK
IN THE GOLDEN STATE
Sundry Civil Act Contains
Heavy Appropriations
on Many Projects

WASHINGTON, Feb. 19-The sun
today contains the following items
affecting California:
For site and continuation of public buildings
at Eureka. $4,000; completion of Fresno pub
lie building, $4,000; continuation of Los An
geles public building, $780, 600. and S25 900 for
rentals in Los Angeles; continuation Of San
Francisco sub-treasury, SIZE, 900; for site and
continuation of Santa Rosa postofhce, $35, 900;
for completing construction and equipment of
house district, S165 900; surveys and resurveys
of Pacific Coast by the Coast and Geodetic Sur
vey, $150,000. to be Immediately available; pro
lection and improvement of Yosemite National
Grant Park. $1,000; stable at Benicia arsenal
$4,000; continuing San Pedro breakwater
$92, ,915; improving Oakland harbor, 500, 600
completing improvement of Wilmington harbor
G. A. R., Preside. $500; depot of recruits and
casuals on Angel Island; to begin construction
of new military prison to replace the prison
now on Alcatraz Island, $3.50, 900; double bar
rack for one regiment of infantry at the Pre-
sidio. $50 900; continuing the Improvement OF
Preside grounds, $500; for the Soldiers Home
sistence $14s, 600; household, S54, 600; hospital
s46, 600; transportation, $4,000; repairs. S45 600
dining .aa hall, loo $4,000; guarrtermaster's store
in all 1895, 200.
The amendments for the new
racks at the Preside are included il
a lump appropriation for the War
Department. The committee did moi
grant $4,000 extra to the California
Debris Commission for the survey OF
streams, as requested. The allowance
to the Debris Commission remains
| $4,000.
The San Francisco call., 1907-02-20

street entrance to the Panhandle to
view the automobiles on exhibition
The total attendance was in the neigh
borhood of 5000. Last night was con-
sidered the test night. The evening be-
fore had naturally seen a large attend
ance, as it was the opening. The at
tendance of last night wrote financial
success for the show. Record crowds
are expected on Thursday evening,
which will be boulevard night; Friday
evening, Washington's birthday holi-
day, and on Saturday evening. AL
though society with the capital ''S'' was
not so fully represented last evening,
and there were fewer dress suits and
smart gowns, hundreds of beautiful wo-
men with their escorts thronged the
hall.
A special feature of the evening was
the operation of the machinery con-
nected with the cars. At almost every
exhibit motors buZzed, axles revolved
and a general whirr spread throughout
the building. At each exhibit a group
of interested spectators assembled to
see the auto from the inside" While
bare skeletons ratified, experts ex-
planned the whyfore and the wherefore
of each bolt and shaft
FOREIGN CARS ARRIVE
For the first time cars Of foreign ori-
gin appeared upon the floor. Special
representatives had arrived from France
and Germany, the Berliet from the for
mer country and the Mercedes from the
realm of the Kaiser. These cars, how
ever, have great deal American in
their makeup, the Mercedes SO much
that it is regarded as home product.
Sections of the Berliet manufactured
abroad are shipped to the United States
and the cars assembled in this country.
The two foreigners are in all essential
particulars like their Yankee brethren.
Precautions have been taken by the
exhibitors to insure their cars. A total
of some $500, 900 has been placed with
local agencies. OF this amount the sum
of s243,075 has been placed with Cali
fornia company. This corporation has
in turn reinsured 100000 with the dol
lar companies. A great amount has
been placed in London. While the OK
hibitors are thus safeguarding them
selves, Chief Shaughnessy of the Fire
Department has adopted every means
possible to avert disaster. Besides the
emergency apparatus small chemical
engines have been placed in the pa
vilion and engines held in readiness
without.
visitors have begun to arrive to at
tend the exhibition not only from every