The Fargo forum and daily republican. [volume] (Fargo, N.D.) 1894-1957, 1907-01-17

lJdiTylnB occupied the center OF the
stage at this mornings meeting Of the
Trl-State Grain Growers association
which opened with the large and inter-
ested audience which has marked
every session of this years convention
Papers bearing on the dairying in its
various phases and touching practical
ly every side Of the subject were pre-
sented by those best qualified through
long study and experience to speak
along the different lines. Both the
care and raising of dairy cattle and the
handling and preparation of milk as
well as the making of butter We're dis
cussed in an exhaustive way.
Prof. w. Il. Richards of the depart
ment of animal husbandry at the A. c.,
treated the first part of the subject i'm
paper entitled Breeding of Dairy Cat
tie. discussing 1t in a very interesting
and instructive way, while r. IT, Flint
in his address on From the Udder to
the Churn, gave an equally valuable
exposition of this part of the subject
Following the dairymen came Prof
c. r. Bull of the Minpesota school OF
agriculture, who was scheduled TO
speak Tuesday afternoon, but was T.
nally placed on the programme this
morning. Taking for his subject The
Relation of Plant Breeding to the
Farmer, Professor Bull opened his adj
dress by stating that the country at
large was now realizing more than ever
the Importance of the farmer as the
feeder of the nation Continuing he
referred to local farming conditions.
He said that northwestern Minnesota
and eastern North Dakota are In
transition period. The virgin fertility
Of the soil has been exhausted and
farmers can no longer devote them
selves exclusively TO the raising of
grain as is done in new country. Ay-
erage yields of wheat have been re-
duced from 40 to IA bushels to the
acre. This necessitates a change in
farming methods.
To achieve the greatest success the
farmer must be breeder of plants as
well as live stock He must not only
be careful in the selection of good seed
but also exercise due care in the plant
ing and growing of It, Plant breeding
looked upon in broad sense includes
breeding by culture, selection and hy-
bridizing.
Professor Bull spoke at some length
on crop rotation emphasizing it's Inn
portance and illustrating his talk with
some very suggestive figures showing
the Increased yields which had been
brought about by adopting this plan.
He said that farmers should select
and plant seed grown in their own To-
cality and should select the biggest and
healthiest looking seeds from the best
fields, While the farmer cannot indulge
much in experimenting in search of
new varieties he should carefully
watch every new variety of plant which
may spring into existence on his farm
and save the seed for planting as some
OF the finest varieties of fruits, vegeta-
bles and grains have been discovered
in this way.
From the Udder to the Churn," was
the title of of the address of Dairy
Superintendent Hunt. who spoke as
follows:
There probably is no more important
factor in dairying than the proper
handling of milk or cream from the
udder to the churn.
The chief object sought should be
to produce a product of good quality
for in quality or lack of quality, lies
the difference between profit and loss,
contentment and dissatisfaction, pro-
gress or retrogression, success or fall
ure in dairying. The buyer seller and
consumer want good milk, good cream
and good butter and at no period has
there been such a clamor for high
grade dairy products as at the pres
ent, nor have prices been ranged ac-
cording to quality so thoroughly as
now. AS time passes the difference
between high and low quality dairy
products will, no doubt. continue to
widen until the production of the low
grade will be profitless If it is not at
the present time. So great is the de-
nand for good dairy products that
schools are established for the purpose
of educating young people in the best
methods of producing and handling
them, scientists are continually study
ing and experimenting to find advanc-'
ed Information concerning contamina-
tion and how 20 avoid IL, manufacture
ers follow the scientists closely in put
ting on the market Implements suitable
to carry out the methods recommends
ed by the experimcnters buttermakers
and cheesemakers are being taught in
schools and In actual practice how to-
manufacture the raw material furnish-
ed them into the very best possible
product
Laws are passed by our national,
state and city governments and Off
GERS are appointed to instruct and see
that our dairy products are produced
in a heaIthfu manner All these and
more Influences are used In the or
forts Of consumers to secure quality.
II quality ia Our dairy products Isl
such an important requirement We
ought 70 know how to secure ii and
when we know we ought TO apply our
knowledge SO that we may realize the
greatest possible benefit The first and
most important factor in securing
quality is cleanliness. Each person
has their own standard Of cleanliness.
what is clean TO one person is unciean
TO another. / believe cleanliness Is d
matter Of education. through environ
ment and habit. II Is said that an
author wishing some local color" as
they call ft, to work into a story he