davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1907-05-15
THE TONGUE or A BIRD.
An Organ Which Varies Much In the
Different Species.

Few people have given thought to
the subject of birds tongues. Many
even of the amateur bird students.
know little OF the literature on the
subject and still less from personal oh.
servation.
Birds must use their bills as hands
and TO some extent the tongues supple
ment such use. Thus nut and seed
eating birds extract the kernel from
the shell, which is cracked between
the mandibles.
The full complement of bones of the
tongue consists of eight The shape
varies considerably in different species.
and the comparative size very much
more, although there is prevailing
general resemblance. The size and de-
velopment of the various bones con
troll the shape and utility of the organ.
Well developed front bones mean q
thick, tleshy tongue, such as we find
in members of the duck family, while
small forward bones usually accom-
pany small tongue of less Importance
to the owner, sometimes little more
than rudlmentary, like that Of the pei
ican.
Among such birds as have occasion
to protrude the tongue well beyond the
tip of the bill the hind bones are mar
velously developed and greatly elon-
gated, for these are the bones on which
the tongue is hung.
The edges of the tongues of most
birds are more or less frlnged, this fea-
ture being most noticeable in thin.
tongues. Most birds have a greater or
less number of papillae-small feshy
projections, spinelike in appearance
and usually inclined backward-on the
upper surface of the tongue. These
are of service in working the food
backward toward the throat.
Some of the sea birds have very sim
pie tongues, which serve but little pur-
pose The tongues of the honey creep
ers have very fine and long feathering,
while those of the woodpecker are long,
slender and pointed, and the roots Of
some species curve clear around the
back of the skull, up over the crown,
and their tips rest at the base of the
upper mandible. With the exception
of the sapsuckers the tongues of wood
peckers are capable of great protru-
sion. and the tip Is barbed. The sap
suckers, however, instead of having
sharp, barbed tongues like those of
other woodpeckers, have brushlike
tongues as result of the degeneration
of the bristles on their surface into
hairs standing out from the tongue
rather than pointing backward.
Birds with long bills do not always
have correspondihgly long tongues.
The kingfishers, with their dispropor-
tionately large bills, have short tongues.
The outer edges of the very long
tongues of humming birds are closely
rolled up into two tubes lying side by
side, by means of which the birds are
enabled to suck the nectar from flow
ers.-New Yorl Post
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1907-05-15
Room Doors on the Stage.

In real life room doors always open
in toward the room itself. On the
stage, however, room doors. as a rule,
open outward, or away from the room.
Exits are one of the most difficult parts.
of the actors art, and if he or she had
to tumble with the handle, pull the
door toward them, step round 1t and
pass through they would probably
make clumsy dodge Of it. That is
why, as a rule, doors are constructed
to open outward at push.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1907-05-15
The Violin's Scroll,

The throwing" of the scroll, or head
of violin betrays the masters style
;Ac same as handwriting. To an ANA
en- nll violin heads may appear the
same but the connosseur knows a
"SyAd." Anlati or Guarlrerius at once
'~il The n!yslo noriy Of the scroll
...." ia beel lkcaCd to the painters
!)cc'- that is. difficult TO imitat' so a'
y deceive or "Lo II thoroughly con
rc"A:. With ;hr inlividual work Of
II" great masters Circle
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1907-05-15
Presanca OF Mind.

y capture, turkish officer on being
l"l forth to execution asked for II glass
.. water before he died. On rece. ing
1t he ic@kel uneasily around as II
afraid of assassination.
Drink" said the commander. NO
harm shall come to t'''-e ua;,l thou hast
d.uak that water
Instantly the commanoer's word was
given the prisoner dasl!e1 the wn,er on
the sandy ground and thereby saved
his life.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1907-05-15
RAttN's Gift.

A Lancashire vicar was asked by the
choir to call upon old Betty who was,
deaf, but who insisted in joining in the
solo of the anthem. and to ask her
only to sing in the hymns. lie shouted
into her ear. Betty. I've been request
ed to speak to you about your sing
ing" At last she caught the word
singing and replied: Not to me be
the praise, sir. It's gift."-Pall Man
Gazette
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1907-05-15
No Bath For Him.

Homeless Homer : Dis here paper
says it's fine to take sun bath.
Brakerod Baker--A sun what? Wot's
dat, Homeless Homer-A sun bath.
You're a-takin' one now. Brakerod
Haker-Help. Homer. helpl Move me-
utter de shade Cleveland Leader.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1907-05-15

a
C, ri m. bottles
stomach in shape in three wee i,a,v
this because I've seen il triee ,,sand
times. Then all nervousness, 49,.
pear. ] know this too, becauS rsa,
it hngpen thousand times. II, ist.
ter at the other day:
my system was badly run aud
my stomach and nerves in an aw sre
l could not digest my food, ws,ava
tired and would often feel faint and,
81 had heard SO much of yd
Discovery medicine that began t,;t
Relief and strength and happines re
found in the very first bottle and III ..
fit have received from it has beesv
wonderful. | am no longer ncrvoty
appetite and digestion are good and !
everything and sleep WELL" Mrs, (
Schaurer, 220 Guthrie St. Louisville
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1907-05-15

The ordnance survey department of
Great Britain makes use Of cameras
carrying plates IS by 30 inches.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1907-05-15

stesl going to
nI.arAt night
eneNd worry
aTiiluk rested.
lhensily and
Mu1ch en-
seyyiy think
ny are the
mate them---
Isso,yn, Kid.
me,yshle, or
t"eAer dis
etann etSen just
> | to,nrouble, .
hSthn in the.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1907-05-15
SHORT II BY
L. t. Ger.
NERyoyJs

Nervousness makes :.u.,.
blue, and unhappy. The cinms.h;ns
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1907-05-15

We sell Cooper's New Discovery
makes tired, worn out, nervous pc
haDDy.
The star. (Reynoldsville, Pa.) 1892-1946, 1907-05-15
NEED VINOL
the modern strength creator
and body builder

Many people right here in this vi.
cinity are all run down and hardly
able to drag about-don't know what
ails them.
Such people need Vinol, our cod
liver preparation without oil, which
contains in q highly concentrated
form all Of the medicinal and strength.
creating elements of cod liver oil ac-
tually taken from fresh Gods livers,
but from which the useless oil is
eliminated and tonic iron added"
We ask every man, woman and
child in this vicinity who is run down,
tired and debilitated to try Vinol on
our offer to return money if it fails,
Stoke & Feicht Drug Co.
New-York tribune., 1907-12-04
all other cnncsrts on that day were stopped. COn-

all other concerts on that day were stopped Con-
tlnuing, he said:
There is q side Of this question that may inter
est many. The saloons are supposed 10 De closea'
1t is a fact however. that many OF those supposeo-
" closed are In reality open, and that many openly
invite patronage on Sundays. The Sunday concert
serves admirably to keep young men out ol 'H'
saloons and away from the possibiil'y OF al uAi-
desirable atmosphere the streets Inc lnou-
sands of people who have become accustomed 10
yis. the Sunday concert will have TO go some
where for entertainment. II Is DAY Vi iuieneS'
for thousands upon thousands OF working people
and these people will seek and find entertainment
of some kind possibly not so wholesome as 'ie
Sunday concert ,,
cussed by George Kraus. manager OF 'ne De"es
and the Gotham theatres. Mr. kraus saio ne
1po,I5 rim concerts next Sunday night, ana that ne
would give part of the net receipts TO charltaole
organizations IF am arrested he said' L shaii
test the constitutionaity Of this law IN All 'he
courts
Ted" Marks, noted as one Of the elder states
men OF the theatrical world. OF the same opin
Tow .r don't want to be arrested he explained.
..but I'm willing to give entertainment at the
American Theatre next Sunday night and give
percentage of the receipts to any charitaole orsal
zation of whatever sect. This law must be shown
I'D in its full Significance Ii Is an outrage 10 nave
laws on our statute books that II enforced. Dot
only iufure business but also deprive the
people of pleasure Many police captain has told
me that my Sunday shows have helped to keep
order in the precinct. They said that the young
men who otherwise might be making trouble were
drawn to the theatre and kept out Of mischief. If
vou shut up the theatres you don't close the
saloons and worse places. Besides If man can't
see a theatrical performance 1t doesn't mean neces
sarfIv that he's going to attend religious service
or so home and read book Think II over. my
boy Think It over. What?'
New-York tribune., 1907-12-04
$500 900 A YEAR FOR WATERWAYS.
Slogan of National Rivers and Harbors Con.
gress, Which Opens To-day.

Washington. Dec. 3-Deiegates began to arrive
IN Washington to-day TO attend the National Riv-
ers and Harbors' Congress, which will convene
tomorrow for a three-days' session Upward CT
three thousand delegates, representing every sec
ton Of The country. ara expected TO be present
The movement has for its object the obtaining
from Congress OF larger appropriations for the
Improvement OF inland waterways Not less than
80 eseo0 year for waterway development" is
the slogan OF the delegates.
Ambassadors Won Sternburg OF Germany and
Jusserand Of France on the programme for
speeches. and will discuss the advance made by
their respective countries in waterway improve
and the part IL has played in the upbuildins
Of the commerce of Germany and France Rail-
interests represented by James J. hil,
Of the Great Northern, and W. ". Finley, OF The
southern Railway Governors Hoke Smith Of
Georgia CuInmins of Iowa. johnson Of Minnesota
IDeneen of Illinois, Folk Of Missouri. Warfieid OF
Maryland and Dawson OF West Virginia are also
on the list OF speakers. Other Governors who
probably viii make addresses are Glenn of North
t.aroira. Cutter Of Utah, Mead Of Washington
Gillette of California Iibby OF Arizona, Guild of
Massachusetts and Cobb of Maine
New-York tribune., 1907-12-04
MORALS HIGHER IN CITY,
lI. T. Scudder Says Country -za
Dangerous for Boy.

Myron T. Scudder. principal OF the New Palts
State Normal School, said last night that the
tendency in the country life of children was dis
tinctly downward He was one Of the speakers
at the annual dinner of the New York stats
committee of the Young Mems Christian Asso-
ciation held at the University Club.
Continuing along that line. Mr. Scudder said:
IAN increasing number OF immoral men
are drifting into farm IL bor and IL is far easier
for a boy to go wrong in the country than in
the city It is a dangerous place to-day to brfnS
up boy.
I'VE must Introduce some centripetal force
into country life which will make IL moro at
tractive and tend to hold the younger genera
ton in the country. The Young Mems Christian
Association is such force. The church Is dead
but unburied. There seems hope for tho
country ehurr., to-sisy unirss some ecay the ~
founs Mems Christian Assectaton eaa seuA
and viv1ey It."
New-York tribune., 1907-12-04
M'CARREN STILL RULES KINGS.
No Reorganization of the Democratic County
Committee, as Expected.

The expected reorganization of the Democratic
County Committee in Kings did not take place
last night. The officers of the committee which
met in the Thomas Jefferson Building. in Court
SQUARE for the first time since Election Day. were
reelected Owing to the predictions OF momentous
changes which the opponents of Senator Patrick
H McCarren had made. the members assembled
I'm q rather perturbed state of mind.
Colonel James D. Bell was reelected chairman
Deputy Fire Commissioner Wise was re-eiecteo
Arst ,.ice-chairmen and Emil Rose second vice
chairman RZ this time it evident that those
who were about dethrone McCarren had 10 get
on the lob quickly if they were going to acnieve
results The baoting continued Magistrate 4 L.
o,paiIv rocaived the secretaryshp again. NJ j.
C.,;,,,, 1ras reelected corresponding secretary
A {, salmon treasurer and Fred Rommen ser
a.pt-a+-arns and still the opposition slept. II
has one chance left to gather IN fa'r'ch sn ,i-.
INC ,.s cb;ef Patrick has the job now
New-York tribune., 1907-12-04

,sz re-, called BY Chairman Clayton for to-nl0i
.ovv evening There is considerable interest " -.
caucus because The opinion Generans p,... a..
- - ,-,~,,r;, viii reo,rer his resolution IN
.,..;,,- r1eY,ocratic members to object 20 ga
,.,.ri-aous agreements on the floor OF she HOUSE
unless tie Republicans should agree to 0rins ii
tariff t. .t,
REPRESENTATIVE Jones. CT Virginia aiso Ael'.'
-,rAa.r.,. to present his resolution Profloins loi
- a-,-1,n,-,en+ of a steering committee TO des-
puate Democratic members OF committees instead
20 I,,i,,- ,be rycrk 10 the minority leader.
Potb resolutions Will be sharply antagonlzeo the
latter b5- John Sharp willisInss friends ana lhe
<o-,,ar f.v the conservatives. who feel that the
,ao-+to, ox the Hay resolution would be the n
anr1,ration OF a flibusteT which would he Of wide
spresd consequence.
New-York tribune., 1907-12-04
REPUBLICANS oAuANAI1

The Republican Executive coH'i,at. a,ao,j,,s in
l.o,rt,, committee held their annual elec''''iS III
BroobIvn yesterday In the afternoon 'ne a.,
- COMMITTEES reelected Jacob BreiheF as us
w , ,a he nresided at the meeting OF the
CUNT committee in the evening Charies IL
-, of tbe 10th Assembly District. was then
elected chairman to succeed Marcus B. CamPoeh'
who retired to run fer surrogate. f>'"S va
to-, i, Manhattan thrty-niRe years ago. ana has
-, Ia1,var since 1895 Louis Tounds OF the
1stb Assembly District. elected vce-chalrman'
John z. Smith of the 22d Assembly District was
reelected secretary John II. Campbell. OF the 10Th
Assembly District elected assistant secIeta!'
Iobr, Drescher ir of the 18th Assembly District,
--os -oaected treasurer. and NJ. J. Wheeler OF the
3d Assembly District sergcant-at-arms
A motion to indorse Charles S. Murphy to sue
c.sa F. C Bowling the chairman OF the cities
Committee OF the Assembly was unanimously car
ried Dowling was elected a municipal justice at
the last election. Murphy is from the 10th Assem-
hy
New-York tribune., 1907-12-04
ROOT PRAISES RED CROSS.
Secretary Congratulates Society
sHoIding Annual Meeting.

WASHINGTON. Dec S-Secretary Root delivered
brief add6ss at the third annual meeting of the
America n National Red Cross Society. held here
to-day In the absence Of Secretary Taft, the presi
dent of the organization, General George W. Davis
elected chairman Of the convention These
officers reelected: President. Secretary Taft;
treasurer. Be<kInan Winthrop counsellor, A. W.
Cooley. and secretary. Charles l.. Magee.
Secretary Root pointed cut that there cause
great satisfaction in the work of the Red Cross
Through the action OF the Hague conference the
principles OF the Geneva Convention. by consent or
all the great powers of the earth. have been ex-
tended both to land and to maritime warfare The
Secretary spoke of other work done by the Hague
conference, and said the provisions regarding the
treatment of prisoners especially appealed to him
being inspired by the larger spirit of the Red
Cross. In all these ways the principles the Red
Cross endeavored to apply, he said, were passing
out of the field of theoretical discussion philo-
sophical belief into the field of practical application
of facts OF warfare the part of the nations
OF the earth.
Mr. Root made special acknowledgment to the
Red Cross for its response to the Presidents procla-
nation a year ago in his appeal on behalf of the
famine-stricken people of China. Its answer was
most gratifying, he said, and the people had conf-
dence that the money raised was applied with fdei-
ity and success. He said tt important in view
of the certain occurrence of great calamities. TO
have some agency always In operation ready 10
meet them and he testified to the universal desire
OF the American people TO succor suffering human
fly The Secretary closed as follows
All along that broad front which marks the prog
of mankind there is great array or organiza-
tions. composed of and women, seeking 10
change the treatment of men toward each other
from cruelty kindness. and each one Is helping
every other. You are doing work Indispensable
toward educs ting mankind to the life that VIII ex
emplfy the love of humanity and the spirit OF
Christ rather than the life which is of the beast
bestial which marks the cruelty of ancient days
rather than the divine compassion of the coming OF
Lord.
President Roosevelt appointed the following as
members of the central committee: Robert Bacon.
Assistant Secretary of State. representative of the
State Department; Surgeon General Robert NJ
O'Reilly of the army representative of the War
Department; Beekman winthrop representative Of
the Treasury Department: Medical Director John
c. Wise. representative of the Navy Department;
Afford w Cooley, representative of the Depart
ment OF Justice, and Major General George W.
Davis L. S A. chairman of the central COM
mttee.
New-York tribune., 1907-12-04

far they had no special bill under consideration
they would do their part, and that measure
would be enacted as soon. after proper consid-
Grafton as one could be perfected, ar1 nrovideo
with the proper safeguards. Nothing more den-
mite resulted from the conference.
incidentally. the Senators told the President
that they regarded the ISSUE of Treasury certlh-
Gates as mistake and that they thought the
Secretary of the Treasury had taken wise
step when he curtailed the issue They de-
clared. however, that they would uphold the
administration in its course and defend 1t from
attacks from the minority. On the whole, they
told the Executive, they believed the admins
tration had acted wisely and had saved the
financial day.
New-York tribune., 1907-12-04
WELL RECEIVED IN WALL STREET.

President Rooscvelts message was faNora"ly
cs,,e5 IL yC.l Street. though, Of course, certain
r,.,-ronsatiors contained IN Il did not meet with
sanction in al quarters Henry Clcws probaoiy
s7,r,,n,4d an 1he general Wall Street opinion Fneh
DO said: -Th.. Presidents message was about what
MAS .zeec..a and therefore had little effect on
sentiment Mr.. Roosevelt does not advance any
rev propositions In connection with corporation
affairs Neither does he hack down from his pre-
rso-,s attitude in connection Herewith. although
h.s mode % treatment is more conservative than
heretofore. which is TeassuTing TO the business
situation" The message had no effect on stock
market prices.
New-York tribune., 1907-12-04
M1NNEsoTA's JOHNSON MEETS BRYAN
Governor Has Mile Walk with Nebraskan,
but Denies Talking Politics.
IFrom The Tribune Bureau.I

Washington, Dec 3-W. ]. Bryan and Governor
John A. johnson of Minnesota walked and talked
a mile together yesterday. This fact made
known to-day by Governor Johnson. who at the
same time put end to the gossip that was I'M
mediately started by asserting: we did not talk
politics."
Room of the Senate wing to-day. the time being
principally devoted to exchange Of courtesies
with Senators. He declared his visit without
Significance being only the purpose OF rnseting
his friends of the Senate. He left here tonight
for New York. from where his wife and daughter
will sail on Saturday for Europe
New-York tribune., 1907-12-04
MAY EXPEL ENTIRE CLASS.
Students at Virginia Medical Refuse to
Specialize in Anatomy"
1Bv telegraph to The Tribune. ]

Richmond Va Dec. 3.-The entire sophomore
clas, of the Medical College Of Virginia number
ing between fifty and sixty students. threatened
with expulsion for INSTRUMENTATION. rr. j. Frayser
Jones adjunct professor OF anatomy, brought on
the revolt by attempting TO force the class to
''spcciaIi2e in anatomy The students petitioned
the faculty ask the resignation OF Professor
Jones. The faculty ignored the petition, but DR..
Christopher Tcmpkins. dean of the faculty. called
mass meeting of the students TO discuss the
trouble. This the tudents refused to attend
Inasmuch the students refuse absolutely to
abide by the decisions of Professor Jones' there
seems to be nothing TO do but to expel the entire
class. The faculty will not accept designations
New-York tribune., 1907-12-04
"JlM CROW" BILLS IN OKLAHOMA.

Guthrie Okla Dec. 3.-The Oklahoma Legislature
die not lose time in bringing to light Tim Crow
bills. a measure of that nature was introduced in
each house to-day. In the House il the first
bill proposed. in the Senate the fourth. The House
bill is made a special order for tomorrow morning
and IL IS expected that It will with little de-
bate The Senate bill simply provides for separate
waiting rooms.
Bills prohibiting bucketshops, regulating lobbying
defining trusts corporations and monopolies and
requiring railroads TO maintain union stations
introduced in the Senate
New-York tribune., 1907-12-04
APPENDICITIS HASTENS WEDDING.

Telegraph 20 The Tribune
Nfnsted Conn. Dec. 3.-At private hospital in
New York City Ralph Il. Gibbs. who is connect
ed with the library bureau in New York. was
operated upon to-day for appendicitis At his bed
side Is his bride OF two DAYS. Gibbs was to have
feen married to Miss Harriet e. Lane. OF Spring
field Mass Christmas week
he was informed on Saturday that he had ap-
pendicitis. and that operation was imperative
The couple decided TO marry at once, and the
ceremony performed on Sunday at the home
Of Henry p Lane brother Of the bride in Suf-
field Immediately after the ceremony the couple
left for the hospital.
New-York tribune., 1907-12-04
PALISADES LAND FOR THE NATION.

Washington Dec. 3-The War Department has
lad before Congress proposition from New
Workers. whose names withheld, TO donate 10
the department about two and a half acres of
ground adjoining Fort Lee. the Palisades or
the Hudson, overlooking New York City. including
The site OF q revolutionary forJihcation Acting
-ssccretary Oliver suggests that the land be ac-
cented to be used for wireless telegraph station
or rs the site for a monument.
New-York tribune., 1907-12-04
EQUAL SALARIES FOR WOMEN TEACHERS

tBy Telegraph to The Tribune-J
Buffalo, Dec. BY the action of the Board of
Aldermen yesterday the terms male and ''fe-
male longer appear the payroll of the Buff
falo schools. Women teachers are placed on the
same plane and will receive the same saIa-
ries in equal grades of work They are designated
as principals. deputy principals and grade teach
ers A general increase in salaries granted.
amounting to ss2.ooe In the dspartnssat
New-York tribune., 1907-12-04
HUGHES CLUB INCORPORATED.

paiga Club of the 18th Assembly District of the
CITY of New York fled articles of incorporation
with the Secretary OF State to-day. The club is
organized for the promotion dissemination and
perpetuaton of the principles of the Republican
marty The directors William r. Montgomery
Edward Powell. William 7. b Whitten Howard
you,g and Alfred Renner, all of New York.
New-York tribune., 1907-12-04
CHRISTMAS BAZAAR FOR CRIPPLES.

A Christmas bazaar for the benefit of the Oar
zach Home for Crippled Children will be held in
the East Room of the Waldorf-Astoria this after
noon and evening
The chairrnen Miss s. 3. Shielding, Miss Mary
Macy Mrs Franklyn II. Ryder and Mrs B. T.
Martin invite all those who interested in the
welfare crippled children and all those who
:, ish 10 buy Christmas remembrances TO. be pres
New-York tribune., 1907-12-04
URGE NATIONAL GALLERY OF ART.

: Washington. Dec 3.-The board of regents OF
the Smithsonian Institution adopted Z resolution
to-day urging Congress TO make appropriation
for adapting the large hall Of the Smithsonian
building TO The purposes of a national gallery of
art Another resolution adopted thanked William
T Evans for the gift of his valuable collection of
paintings by American artists