davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Farmington times., 1907-09-27
MAKING CHEAP GOODS.
Low Prices Too Often Mean inferior
Articles.

Efforts TO cheaper cost OF produc-
ton OF numerous classes OF goods and
to place them on the market In com.
petition with well advertised lines,
and ut much lower price, has infiu.
enced not too honest manufacturers
to turn out very inferior articles. So
long as they can be made attractive
In exterior appearance so as to please
those whose tastes are for the
"showy" seems TO be the only consid.
Grafton. In the manufacture OF stoves
and ranges particularly is there great
opportunity for fraud. In different
cities OF the middle west are large
concerns that make a specially OF
manufacturing stoves TO supply deal
ers who depend on cheapness TO Sc
cure sales. These manufacturers buy
from junk dealers all classes OF old
iron. and this remelted and worked
over enters largely into their manu-
featured articles. The result is that
a stove is produced that while 1t ap.
pears TO be all right. few months
use will prove It to be almost worth
less. The tensile strength is not
there, the metal is rotten and brittle,
and the expansion caused by the heat
makes II warp. and crack. The Innings
are OF the poorest material.
One OF the tricks employed is the
use OF old sheet iron for lining
Throughout the south and in many Of
the large northern cities the manu-.
facture OF artificial ice IL extensively
carrieA op. Galvanized iron cans OF
the capacity OF a 30G-pound ice.cake
are used, and In every large plant
thousands OF cans are in use. The
ammonia that Is used In the process
OF freezing soon causes the cans to
corrode, and then they are rendered
useless for the purpose required. The
stove manufacturing concerns buy up
these discarded cans, and use them
for lining stoves. II can be judged
that the life Of the stove in this way
is shortened, but as the stoves arc
never intended to last long the lining
is as good as the other material
In appearance these stoves are all
that can be desired. but their wearing
and durable qualities are not half that
OF properly made stove should be.
They are often sold at as high prices
as the best article, but more frequent.
ly are disposed OF as "big bargains"
and are dealt in extensively by con-
Germs that advertise themselves as
manufacturers" and do business "di.
rect with the consumers" through the
mails. Makers OF stoves who put out
brands of goods known to be standard
never resort to such methods, as one
inferior stove might result in the loss
of dozen sales. and no reputable
stove dealer or hardware merchant
would handle the goods
ID. NJ CARR.
The Farmington times., 1907-09-27
FOR GREATER ECONOMY.
Manufacturing Drifting Closer TO
Fields Where Raw Material 10
Produced.

Economy in every industry is be-
coming moro pronounced year after
year. Manufacturing centers are drift
ing toward locations where the raw
materials can be secured at lower
cost. During the past ten years cot
ton manufacturing in the south has
Increased more than hundred per
cent, and there has been a decrease
in the production of textile manufac.
turing centers In the New England
states In proportion to the increase in
consumption. A score OF years ago
the great -four manufacturing centers
were In New York and other eastern
states. To-day the west controls man.
ufactures of -four and cereal foods.
When mills are located In centers OF
wheat and corn producing sections In
number sufficient TO utilize the crops
OF local territory, II will work bene-
Gt to the farmers of the land In the
saving of what is now paid In freight
rates or raw products to manufactur.
Ing centers, and the distribution cost
10 consumers OF the land. Every farm.
or can help better conditions and help
himself by giving his support to local
manufacturing enterprises.
The Farmington times., 1907-09-27
Millions Are Lost Annually,

Fifty millions of dollars annually ia
a conservative estimate OF the amount
that the people Of the United States
are swindled ont OF through the opera
ton OF fraudulent investment and In.
surance concerns.
How easily people are influenced to
make investments In questionable con.
Germs, has been recently strongly II.
lustrated through the operations of
the different alleged cooperative mer.
camille, home-building and investment
schemes which have been declared
fraudulent by the postal authorities.
1t is during the times Of prosperity
that the schemers find the richest
field People who never had the hand
ling of much money, and who find in
their possession few hundreds of
dollars, just have enough for the
taste" OF wealth so that they are
easy victims for the sharpers who op.
crate fake" enterprises which hold
out alluring promises OF great re.
turns on small Investments. State
laws for the control OF such concerns
ahould be stringent. and severe pun
ishment meted to those who operats
! them.
The Farmington times., 1907-09-27
NOT WAR, BUT MASSACRE.
English Sailor Describes Conditions as
They viii Be on Sea.

Naval warfare to-day resolves H.
self into problem Of mathmatics,
and death is gauged by the figures of
Euclid and matter OF revolutions to
the minute; It Is a cultured massacre"
The speaker was Admiral Sir Al
bert Hastings Markham, X. c. b.. OF
the British royal navy, who arrived in
New York recently, en- route TO Can.
ada on a visit. In the course of chat
at the Metropolitan club. The admiral
who has seen much active service In
the British navy and held many i'm
portant commands In IT, besides Incl
dentally accomplishing valuable serv.
Ices IN Arctic exploration and writing
several books, was asked to give a
mental description of life on board a
battleship as he knows II during the
progress OF an actual fight. In view
of the great increase in naval strength
which Is taking place In every nation
and the immense warships that are
being turned out, Admiral Markham's
vivid description of sea fight gives
some idea of what the horrors of the
next great naval battle will be like.
Let us consider ourselves, then, on
flrstclass battleship as spectators Of
the next naval fight" began the ad-
miral, "and that the time has arrived
to prepare for action.
Boats are filled with water and
surrounded with splinterproof ma
terial; or to follow the example of the
laps, they must be thrown overheard
Sacks of coal are placed round the
funnel About the smallest machine
guns, unprotected by armor. canvas
sheets are hung. and In this way the
precise number Of men and guns II
The Farmington times., 1907-09-27
Striking Personalities of Three
Rear AdmiraLs and Sixteen
Captains to Whom Are In
frustedthe Men and Millions
Who Represent Americas
MIGHT on the Ocean.

New York-With the coming depar-
ture of the Atlantic fleet to Pacific
waters-waters which may be any.
thing but pacific before the 'far.fiung
battle line" is withdrawn from these
seas--considerable interest arises In
the personality of the men who are to
command the vessels of this vast
armada.
Who are they these sea warriors to
whose vigilance and skill will be in
trusted, the management Of the most
powerful feet that was ever gathered
under one flag and which is soon to
undertake voyage unparalleled In
its character-one that was recently
ineptly likened to Nelson's splendid
sweep from Brest to the West Indies
and back to the Notwithstanding day Of
Trafalgar"
There may be no Trafalgarlike
clash of armameuts anywhere now
impending in the path Of this great
feet Of warships; yet II Is still inter
esting to recount the records of the
flag officers and captains, says a
writer in the New York Times.
New Yarn About Evans.
There are now three rear admlrals
and 16 captains upholding in this
feet the honor of the flag. The rank.
ing officer Rear Admiral Robley D..
Evans, Is not only the senior In the
fleet; he is the senior rear admiral in
active service-the officer next in rank
10 Dewey, admiral of the navy.
The record of Rear Admiral Evans
is too well known to require any ex-
ended reference in this story of the
fleet and commanders.
Many anecdotes have been told of
Evans-the man whom Kipling has
described in verse as the one who has
lived more stories than most other
men-himself and Zogbaum included
could invent.
Here is one that has been recalled
by an old notebook which the writer
The Farmington times., 1907-09-27

ever, are a pure speculation, and too
high or too low is generally the YER
diet But before the ammunition holsts
can jerk up more food, the distance
has decreased, and $500 yards will be
the sight. by that time the work is
warmer, for some of the smaller guns,
the six-inch and l2.pounder quick
ilrers, are being worked by sweating
crews Already, too, tho Via Dolorosa
to the cockpit is marked by its sig.
niflcant trail, Ammunition is being
flung up 20 rounds at time TO be
spent as fast as guns can speak. for
to ship in the midst OF the work
everything has ceased to exist but the
enemy's hull In front of IL. By this
time small casualties have overtaken
the ships. With the best of good for
tune she cannot hope to escape being
hit somewhere. The mighty, yet deli.
cate mechanism OF battleship Is vul.
nerable at hundred points. Batteries
are working with diminished crews,
hydraulic ammunition hoists are
ties are passing up shot by hand, and
forward stoker fire brigade is ex.
tingulshlng small fires.
"Phe fleets are now but 500 yards
apart, but the best gunners being dead,
accuracy of fire will have diminished
Possibly, too. the fighting line will
have been replenished by staff addi
tons from stokehold or magazine, for
serve of men. Now. though the range
is hazardous, the luck of the torpedo
might be attempted by the enemy.
Rendered desperate, the losing hat.
tleship must now resort to its last
weapon OF offense, the ram. On the
first bugle, Prepare to RAM all guns
are laid on the bow and made ready to
pour a broadslde on the opposing ship.
Every man not working the quick.
Grers must protect himself from the
enemy's proicctles and take cover.
Granting your opponent, however, un.
impaired engines. ramming Is a con.
summation infinitely difficult to
achieve. Mlscalculate your distance by
a score of yards. and, missing your
mark. your adversary's 40 tons OF steel
itself must he showing into you. And,
further as n fact, the torpedo will
even prevent navigable ships coming
too close together. Nor Is It fair to
say will many ships surrender. For
though Its vitals be torn and bare,
only absolute destruction can put all
its weapons out Of action. Defeat
must mean not retreat, but annlhila
tion.''
The Farmington times., 1907-09-27

detached and detailed to the command
of the Fern, commanding that vessel
throughout the rest OF the war.
Next in rank to Capt. Winslow. Of
the Koarsarge. is Capt, Samuel p.
Comfy, of the Alabama. This officer
Is also one Of the old war veterans,
having served throughout the cam.
paign on board the bat; leship Indiana.
The Minnesota, one of the newest
of the big battleships. is commanded
by Capt. John Hubbard. This officer
is well known to New York's naval
militia, he having been attached to
the cruiser Yankee which carried the
citlzcn.sailors TO the Santiago cam
paign
The Farmington times., 1907-09-27
An Advertislnu Trick.

Every reader of newspapers who
has the power Of observation knows
the deception practiced in adyertis-
Ing. Often n fine picture of stove
or some other article has in large
figures price given which is third
of what the real worth Of the article
is, and the rest Of the advertisement
so sklllfully worded as to give the i'm.
preston that 1t is the article illus
trated that Is sent for the low price.
This Is for the purpose Of securing
an order for an article which. when
received is found TO be far different
from what the person who sent the
order expects to receive. How would
the home merchant fare should he
advertise in the same manner? Would
he not be placed on the list OF trick,
sters?
The Farmington times., 1907-09-27

had surrendered they were as gentle
as American women"
Rear Admiral William II. Emory,
who commands the Fourth division,
was born In the District OF Columbia,
and entered the Naval academy in
1862. He was member OF the Greely
relief expedition. Promoted to lieu
tenant commander in 1887. he was de-
tailed as naval attache at London, and
was next assigned TO the command
OF the Petrol. Subsequently he was
chief of staff on the flagship Brooklyn,
then became a member of the board
OF inspection and survey. and, after
his tour OF duty there, was assigned
to the Monongahela
OF the 16 captains in this fleet, per
haps Capt. Richard Wainwright. in
command Of the battleship Louisiana,
is the most widely known. Few need
to be reminded that It was this gal.
liant officer who was In command Of
the little gunboat Gloucester at the
time OF Cervera's sortie from Santl-
ago, when the Gloucester made dash
for the two Spanish destroyers, and
the rest is history.
There is sentimental reason why
Capt. Herbert Winslow. whose pen
nant flies from the battleship Kear.
sarge. should be in command of that
vessel. Capt Winslow is the nephew
of Capt. (afterward rear admiraD
Herbert A. Winslow, the officer who
commanded the old corvette Kear-
sarge when she engaged and sunk the
confederate cruiser Alabama of Cher.
bourg in 1864. During the first part
of the war with Spain Capt. Winslow
was attached TO the auxiliary cruiser
st. Louis. He was shortly afterward
The Farmington times., 1907-09-27

concealed. Furthermore. the sheets
are drenched in alum as a protection
against fire. All spare wood has been
jettisoned. and fire and collision par
ties stand to quarters. Watertight
doors are closed and at each a man Is
stationed, and collision mating Is
prepared-'Upper deck quarters; out
collision mating would be the order.
Steam pumps are also in readiness.
Each ship has been marked by a dis
tinctive band OF color round her fun.
mel for In the smoke OF battle, you
know, II Ia good to know eour friends.
Gunnery instructions have taken
charge of the barbettes, which contain
the great 12-inch guns. and the cap
tains of the smaller weapons are at
their posts.
whether by quickhrer. shell room,
or torpedo tube. every man, through
months of training, has learned his
place. Even the band knows its sta.
tion--.it is to collect the wounded.
Guns are loaded and the ammunition
holsts seem to be In order; and sup
plies of drinking water are arranged
along each deck.
The coming tower is the brains of
the ship, and the captains place Of ac.
ton is there. II is the cynosure of tho
enemy's guns; the post of signal honor
and acutest danger, Beneath him Is
10000 tons, mainly steel. and before
him is the something he has either to
burn, blow up, or sink
Sight for 5000 yards" wings down
the tube, and the game Of long bowls
cammencos. The two great forward
guns eoar out a welcome, and the
sighting lieutenant bends forward TO
mark the damage First shots, how
The Farmington times., 1907-09-27

an authority on international law, and
there are few In the naval service to
whom the government would sooner
intrust an important matter OF diplo.
macy. But his diplomacy is suggestive
of his 1S.inch guns, clcan-lipped, Ger.
tain, and direct. He has no subter-
fuges. What he thinks he says, and
what he says all the world may know.
And he has the kindliness which
ever goes with strong natures. This
had expression In the olief report
which he made after the battle OF
Santiago: 80 long as the enemy
showed his flag our men fought like
American seamen, but after the foe
The Farmington times., 1907-09-27

kept during the war with Spain, and
when his dispatch boat was with the
fleet that was then blockading Ha-
vana.
Many of the navy men had grown
restive under the restraint which had
been imposed by an order from Wash
ington. prohibiting the ships from
firing at the Havana defenses until
first fired upon. This was In the early
days of what has since become to be
known as the christian Endeavor
blockade" and to many 1t was little
short Of exnsperating to remain In
active and to watch passivrIy the
construction of line after line OF de-
The Farmington times., 1907-09-27
Building Up Trusts.

During the past ten years billions
OF dollars have been sent to the large
cities by the residents Of rural com
munities, and these billions have been
used In building up trusts that work
against the best interests of the
masses who reside in agricultural sec
ions. Is 1t not time to awaken to
he dangers Of sending money away
from the home towns7
The Farmington times., 1907-09-27

fensive works. But the order to re-
frain from firing unless the shore bat
teries took the initiative was impera.
tive. and the navy obeys orders.
II was at this time. when the fleet
was chatting most at the. inaction i'm.
posed, that the battleshlp Iowa, then
under the command of Evans, found
one morning hitherto unknown and
as yet unchartered current.
1T was certainly remarkable cur.
rent" the lowas commander ex.
planned few hours later. This
morning at early daylight, instead OF
being some three miles out, the dawn
showed that We were close inshore
and not more than a pistol shot from
that new battery that the Spaniards
have been emplacing near the MORO.
Luckily, all my men are night owls,
and they were all awake at the time
and were all sitting about their guns
all except those who belonged down
below, and these were down in the
magazines and hoping that some day
the Spaniards would break the mo-
notony by firing
A straisht.out Diplomacy.
We'll, we were so close In that
thcre was considerable trouble In turn
ing, going ahead on one engine and
backing on the other. But at last we
got Strengthened out and both engines
were sent ahead at full speed. That
might have made It look as though
we had suddenly discovered that we
were ip bad place and were in
hurry to get out.
But may be keelhauled," Evans
regretfully added. "if they would fire
even then"
Let no one gain from this a wrong
impression of the distinguished officer
who Is to conduct the flower OF the
American navy from one ocean to an.
other.
Besides being eminent In his profes-
sion, he is recognized as student and
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1907-09-15
The Night Before the Battle

THE evening before the battle has many memo
res After my bIvouac arranged and my
brigade had become little rested there was still
time for the evening parade. That Saturday night,
July 20, 1901 | formed four parallel lines on
steep slope, regiment behind another. As soon
the chapain's prayer was over, as Colonel com
handing | addressed the soldiers. Even up to this
DAY old soldiers OF that brigade recall to the talk
OF that evening | told them during the slowly
fading twilight that very soon gong INTO
real battle together, and pointed out well as |
could what the country expected of us The parade
was hardly when | received a note from Nc
Doyel hasten to his camp at Centreville and
meet our division leaders and their brigade com
nanders. Hunter had two HeintzelInan three, and
Tyler three
1t was at this famous interview that | first
to recognize him W. T. Sherman, concerning whom
had heard 50 much Mcdowell took us for instruc-
ton in three instruments He spread his charts on
the ground: lighted UP the face OF them well
he could with short candes,-greasy enough and
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1907-09-15
Went Back to ST. Louis

II at once went 10 St Louis and plunged into
IL other business. bitter enough his feelings and
IN his talk. He was offered by Simon Cameron the
Chief clerkship Of the War Department. This he
abruptly declined. Give me something. he said,
that IS consonant with my age. my experience,
and my rank II the army" His West Point mate.
George II. Thomas. already d Colonel n the
Second Cavalry. and he would not accept position
OF less prominence.
The secession movement Ike great flood, kept
gaining IN volume and in force New regiments
were raised by us and leveeS We're soon called.
Sherman was at last offered and accepted the
Colonelcv OF one OF these regiments IN the
regular army namely the Thirteenth Infantry He
threw up his business fastened 10 Washington,
received his coveted commission. and that
he would De back Missouri Ill up the ranks
OF his new organization; but, No, SAID General
Scott want YOU here At present I shall make
YOU an inspector Oh nv staff and send YOU out TO
look after different portions OF my scattered forces.
Not a little chagrlned and disappointed, Sherman
took up the role OF inspector. and became active
a5dr-de-carlu 70 General Winfield Scott. the
whom be Venerated more than any other N the
army
This was Turle To- near the time | was marching
Sherman could not help being i1nbued with the
citernent then current among all loyal men He
asked to be made an alde-de-ca1np 70 General
Patterson with the assimilated rank OF Lieutenant
Colonel. without pay. 1t was not long before he
was found, IN soldier garb with Patterson on the
Potomac. There TeCumseh joined him and met
F,tziofn Porter who Pattersons AdJutant
General and George H. Thomas.
It interested me greatly when John Sherman
book first saw the light 70 glance over his pictorial
account OF what he saw at General Thomas 5 head
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1907-09-15
Good Effect of the Defeat

THAT famous battle OF Bull Run, which ended IN
our shameful discontinue had one good effect
Il taught especially the division and brigade com
,narciers some very wholesome lessons and one was
to be careful before battle 10 let their men have
sufficient rest and sleep. Ny four regiments were
held back by Mcdowell himself till the afternoon,
and were then hurried over the long march by the
way of Sudvs Ford where HeintzelInan' division
had followed Hunters early III the morning Il was
Double quick, Hurry up from the start More
than half nv men before getting place had fallen
by the way from sheer exhaustion. Il was after
three before | gained the hill, where small re
1air1der of Rckett 5 ruined battery found the
battery that l was to support. II there Sher-
man men had fought the hardest We saw only
the signs OF the struggle-carrIages broken, horses
killed or wounded. and dead disabled.
The Confederates held the edge OF wood IN front,
and Kirby Smith with his Confederate tiankers was
closing upon right when, after forming III
line firing rapidly and making bold effort 70
ad vance | was compelled retire my brigade TO a
sheltered spot in order to reform. But IN gong
back through q grove the officers lost all control
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1907-09-15

Pickering IN the wind pointed out with short
stick the position of the enemy, and the routes II
march IF the three divisions | have named.
took good look at each OF the leaders. SehencE
Burnside, and Franklin impressed me more than
anv of the rest.
For some reason Sherman Was very sonhec AMI
SAID few words that night. Though | got i general
impression of him. | did not Yet see IN HIM the
abiest OF those who scrut,nized McDoweNs charts
and plans. 1t was dark. and Mcdowell. camp
lights were dim. Still observed that sherman,
dressed IN soldier ovcrcoat with skirts cut OF al
the knee was tall and straight and of rather slender
build and that he moved about quickly None ~
Us remained long that night at CentreVIle We
returned T. our blvouaCs To prepare 1s well as We
could for the eventful tomorrow There WASH t
much sleep fyr we began to march At two-th.rty NJ
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1907-09-15

ton. Ohm went to the Senate while TccumSeh
directed as was. 70 drop his staff work and choose
his regiments to form brigade IN Tylers division.
He began this task June 20, and was soon the
Virginia side Of the Potomac, with his regiments
encanped not far from mine These regiments
We're fresh enough but they found their leader and
master IL this outspoken, itnpuls;ve, headstrong
Young man
The night before the battle Of Bull Run, July 70.
1901 found within about two miles of the hamlet
Of CentrevIe. Virginia
The prospect Of battle put Sherman into his ee-
Inent Hurrying forward he encountered the
enemy. and had few men killed II was only a
sklrrnlsh but i produced profound effect upon the
work Of TyIer's division. Tyler was only to feel
the enemy. to make q reconnaissance not 10 bring
a battle. How could TYLER do all that. with the
fighting Richardson leading and the headstrong
Sherman near.