New-York tribune., 1907-09-02
t'T-c. croy.G;,ag taJ the exercise % t-,e treaty
clsis. sfl;.., be prTnG fsce evidence c. crime.
REsCLT OF PROHIBITION.

lr3d wgters h;.s merely resulted in the New
sodc6lsnders going beyond the three-mile limit
&C hoard tie Americans. Aad. in Instances,
in their co:,-iIis. all the way % Gloucester
IL ADDITION 70 a certain resentment because Of
The fa.i=.c of Jle United States % perceive ts.e
e-ea. advantage 20 be Derived fro-l entering
into reciprocal tarir relations r-ith Newfoun6
lane. the authorities s!so Tier with apprehen-
eion TIE tendency Of their citizen fishermen TO
eIrsigrate 20 the United States. although their
o1crts TO disrupt the cordial relations between
t;ael- o-sE citizens and the Americans ana 10
make the former regard the latter as enemies
have merely resulted in increased emigration
TO iris country.
Last year Ambassador Reid secured the con
ciusion OF a modus vivendi under which the
fishing operations of the season were conducted.
but this year the Newfoundlers have stoutly re-
sisted the conclusion of a similar modus, insist
ing that the Americans should be prohibited
from taking fish On Sunday. the New
founders, and from shipping Newfoundlers as
members Of the crews of American vessels. The
hrohibition against fishing on Sunday eonsti-
}tutes something of a hardship, for often the
fishing fleets are compelled to remain idle for
DAYS awaiting favorable conditions. and fire.
Que1tly after such periods Of idleness. always
attended by discomfort and too often by danger
tbs conditions will become ripe Sunday and
az Immediate take may result in vessel Sc
curing within twenty-four hours her season
cargo. 1t is entirely possible, however. that in
trs conclusion of a rnodus the American Am
bassador may waive this point, especially If
Newfoundland will waive her contention that
American shippers must not employ Newfound-
ianders OF course. any concessions made with
view 10 perfecting a rnodus vivendi, and even
embodied therein. Will establish precedent
which would influence the proposed adjudication
a. The Hague.
SETTLED QUESTIONS.
Of the many questions at issue between Great
Britain and the United States. the Newfound-
land fisheries controversy is the only one OF i'm
portance which has remained until now to De
settled. Some time after he became Secretary
of State Mr.. Root caused to be prepared a list
OF fifteen questions which remained open, the
chief Of which were the Newfoundland contro-
versy and the question of Canadian reciprocity
The first has been settled by Ambassador Reid;
the second may now be regarded as beyond the
realm of possibility, at least in this generation
third was the preservation Of the seal herd
This has been settled in far as Great Britain
Is concerned The text of treaty has been pre-
pared providing that this country shall pur-
chase the Canadian hshing feet and pay to the
Canadian government percentage of the catch.
Only the assents of Russia and Japan remain TO
agreement fer the preservation of the Great
Lakes is in process Of negotiation. The ques-
tion Of allowing some further naval force on the
Great Lakes has been settled. and the definition
and marking Of boundaries and the abolition or
boundary roadhouses is practically settled
The remaining nine questions, none of which
Is of paramount importance, presents any
grave difficulties are ID transit free of duty OF
merchandise across portions of Canadian and
American territory; 90 transit, without pay
ment of duty until arrival. to points in the in
terror; 80 the application of the alien labor
laws to citizens of the United States and Can |
ada: "a reciprocal mine owning rights (5) con- |
veyance Of American prisoners through Cana
dian territory, and vice versa; 90 reciprocal
salvage and wrecking rights. 90 the use of log
sing boorns in the St John RiFer: CS) the dis
position OF certain pecuniary claims, and CD |
the exemption Of Canadians, coming tempo
rarily 10 the United States. from payment Of
head tax.
REJOICING OVER RESULT.
THE information that the Newfoundland con-
troversy has been settled by the conclusion Of a |
f,nodus for this scar and the reference Of all
disputed points The Hague will be received |
with Joy not only by the American fishermen i
"of the east coast but by the Newfoundland |
fishermen as well" said an eminent authority on
Ntll be delighted because they will be confident |
that any unbiased tribunal cannot do less than |
settle the dispute upon the provisions of the |
sreaIy OF ISIS, which is all they ask. The New |
fourtlanders viii be delighted at the prospec: |
of profitable employment from American skip /
pe-s are market right at their doors for their
..erriaE.
''irhe differences which have existed for nearly |
a century ali grow out of the attempts of the |
r.esstoundlenc government TO curtail by regula- |
sian arI enactment the privileges guaranteed 10
sAsneFicsn fishermen 10y the treaty OF 1873 The /
lo>ai authorities have held that suci. enact |
r-eTts .gere controlling while the Americans |
hare conten6ed that the provisions of the treaty
fzvare supreme. There certainly is no reason to
s:es- decision in favor of Newfoundland
Z re local authorities have adopted all sorts
of regulations which hampered the Americans. |
For instance, they undertook to prohibit the /
sf purse seines, which IS the most effective and
economical method of taking great number of 1
FISH at a single haul AS many FIVE thousand /
barrels are sometimes taken with single haul |
II one of these seines Then they undertook to |
prevent their own fishermen from shipping |
under Americas shippers. How effectual that |
may be judged by the fact that last year |
40 Newfoundlanders eVaded the law by going /
out and shipping beyond the three-inile limit |
Then they forbade fishing on Sunday. and yet a |
feet may wait months for favorable weather |
conditions with the nossibity of Just the right |
conditions when whole cargo might be taken. |
occurring on Sunday. Another regulation pro- |
hibited the landing ami curing Of fish on shore.
although that right is expressly conveyed by |
the treaty. American fishermen have also been /
compelled 20 pay duty on apparatus ard sup |
plies. despite the fact that these -ere Used or |
consumed. not scld- The treaty OF 1913 says /