Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1906-07-17

uproot trees and carry soil. bat the
quieier Winds 40 greater because d
more constant work ON sandy beach.
Is ana deserts. the dried sand Is often
driven into forms called sand dunes.
sometimes 60 or 100 teet high. such
ridge may face sea beach for many
miles.
BURIAL or CITIES
Whenever there is loose sand. thc
prevailing winds gradually pile it up in
long waves or ridges with gradual
ascent on the side from which the wind
comes and q steep descent on the OPP
p0ste or lee" side of the wind This
sand buries vegetation and even VII
lagos and cities Recently in the
British Isles hundreds Of acres OF wall
liable land have been overwhelmed hy
the drifting sand from the sea On the
shores Of the Bay Of Biscay. the dunes.
I which are there heaped up by the
westerly gales. march inland al rate
Of 60 or 20 feet a year. No barrier
natural or artificial is able 10 With
stand their progress. the ancient Ro-
man roads. together with fields woods,
and villages. are buried in rapid sue
cesslon. dams are formed interceptiug
rivers and then burylng the lakes
thus formed
on the sahara and In Arabia the
same process is active over great
areas while I'm our own desert the
shifting OF sand goes ON Boo "a smaller
way IN Central Asia the air Is often
thick with q fine yellow dust, the sun
. b. 20 ID lie
dsv that lampllght is required TO read.
The dust settles as me sediment
I gradually obscuring aud finally bury
INK the remains of the ancient cities.
Nlneyeh. Babylon. and other historic
sites appear 10 have been covered up
IN this manner
EFFECTS or GLACIAL ACTION
only In a few places In Utah do we
fad real glaciers. so that the action ut
these agencies Of transport can not
well be- observed When We ascend "a
glacier. we find the Zee lying iu a vast
sheet filling the valley or ravlne down
which this icc-riyer slowly flows.
Stakes driven across the surface show
that Il moves down the valley. from
20 10 q inches per day in the center
and from 10 10 10 inches at the sides
The glacier carries the stones that ran
from the crumbling cliffs and deposits
them AT the end Of IT'S course where u
r,elts Its creNasses or deeD assures
its waterfalls ice-falls. and moraines
terminal. lateral. and medal ~
perched blocks. its great stones depos-
tied. its erosiye and polishing actions
etc. are an described IN texts on gepl-
SOIL or OCEAN BED.
The action Of the ocean as a carrier
Is Illustrated AT the mouth OF INC
Amazon. where the Gulf stream car
ries sediment observed by sailors q"
niles from the rivers mouth. As a re-
suit Inc Amazon has no delta. But in
tho Albermarle and Pamlico sounds on
the eastern coast Of the United states,
Inc sediment Is not swept away hy M
Gulf stream. on the contrary. the lldtN
here are forming the great bars "hl,h
uiil presently become ISLANDS much Ike
Inc great Dismal swamp IN the coast
M the same locality. and ALREADY
formed In the same way. by reason ~
this Transporting power or the oceal'
currents. which carry only the hncs'
sediment the greater depths OF mo
sea are uniformly covered hy deposits
al Nne red and gray clays. mingled
NTH fragments Of volcanic rock
| called numice. These hne ciays are
mostly derive from The decomposition
of volcanic Just dried across me
ocean. mingling With these clays are,
~ course the bones of sea animals ana
the remains Of peculiar forms ~ minute
plants or animals A pale straW-color-
/ "A deposit In the southern oceans IL
composed ~ the slliceous shells ~
/ small plants called diatoms. on tbs
/ Atlantic floor. a light. neecy mud. yell
low sticky, and fun az very small
/ shells Of a minute animal (glohlgerina)
which lives throughout the ocean and
when dead sinks 10 the bottom.
SIMPLE ANALYSIS OF SOIL
Have the children bring q sample Of
common soil Weigh It. Dry the sol
/ By heating IL rcdhot and weigh again
10 find the amount OF organic matter
/ Put Il through a coarse seive. Weigh
the part that passes through. or better
] the part retained by the seiye. Their
use 4 fner seiye (for 10 cents buy az a
| store the different wire cloths tol
selyes), and again weigh the part fe
tained. Use a stlil finer seiye and
| proceed as before To separate the IN,
/ sand from the clay. both OF which have
| passed through the finest seiye. stir The
! soil IN water and let the muddy water
now on til Sc is quite clear
Then dry and weigh the sand. In mos'
soils the hne sand and the clay vii
be roughly equal IN weight. To show
the use Of the sand-lts capillary at'
| traction--partly mn two test-tubes. on,
| with soll. the other With fine sand
make a pin-hoie IN the closed end o
each. and invert the tubes On vep
shallow water The sand win draw uI
the water the most rapidly Make ap.
plications az 10 the effect on irrigation
az sand in soil Take the temperature
o. both tubes when dry again. and
! place IN strong sunshine IN a feR
| minutes. take the temperatures again.
| the sand heats much the more rapidly
/ Put them 90 a cool place and again test
i .,.Ish TnFrrrmvnnFrH TIL annT .a-H,