Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1906-02-24

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towns in Quebec and Ontario where French
is better understood than English.
The Manufacturers and the Farmers.
Another wedge, which sooner or later must
split apart eastern Canada from the west IS
the tariff. Just now the sentiment is in
favor of high protection and a wall Of du-
ties against the United States. This is so
because eastern Canada, which contains
about tve-sixths of the population is large
~ devoted to manufacturing 1t is natural
ly fitted for great industrial empire and
the tariff Is bringing American plants from
across the boundary and adding to the
working population of the towns and cities
western Canada, on the other hand, is TO
be composed almost altogether of farmers.
The wheat belt, which at a low estimate
comprises something like a hundred million
acres is TO be one of the granaries of the
world, and the men who work il will nat
uraliy be free traders. They will have to
BUY what the people of the east make to
sell, and they must now pay not only the
high prices caused by the tariff but also
the enormous tariff IN freight To the rail-
road which much carry these goods 10
them, a distance of thouCands OF miles
The time Will come when such things can
be more cheaply furnished from the United
States, and when our great factories of the
west can supply them at nominal freight6
ONcA A4lS IOddS puIll north ana south.
Politics IS generally supposed to be Il
matter of sentiment There was never =
greater mistake Politics is based on self
interest; and whenever the western Cana
dian finds he can add dollar to his pile
or an extra pound of feathers to the pillow
On which he rests his weary head by join
ing the United States he will do it. In
this speak not Of the conditions of today
when there are five millions In eastern
Canada and only million in tile west.
1 speak of the time, soon TO come when
there will be an equal number here and OF
that a little farther on when western
Canada will have its ten or twenty mlllans.
and eastern Canada, in all probability but
little more than now.
Reciprocity Sentiment Growing.
AS it is now the manufacturing east
claims there is no reciprocity sentiment in
Canada. This is not so I hear frequent
complaints here in the west against the
high tariff, and there are some things in
which both countries could be benefited II
reciprocity treaty were made. One OF
these is coal. There are big mines in Nova
Scotia and also in the Rockies OF Alberta
and British Columbia but practically moth
ing between. The Nova Scotian coal Is
largely used In Boston, and our Boston CON
sumers have TO pay, think. % cents per
ton as tariff on all they consume. III
Ontario the Canadian manufacturing estab-
vania coal. and they are charged a tariff
of 30 cents a ton on all that they buy The
same is true in the far west. Our copper
smelters at Anaconda and Butte bring
down their coal and coke from western
Canada, and British Columbia coal is large
ly used in Washington, Oregon and CALI
fcrnia. 1t all pays a tarfr. On the cold
prairies of Manitoba and Saskatchewan it
Is almost necessary to have anthracite coal
and that from PENNSYLVANIA best suits the
requirements. 1t is brought up the Great
Lakes and over the railroads and Furnished
the settlers at sl1 and upward per ton. IH
Winnipeg every householder uses Pennsyi-
vania anthracite at cost of S10.75 OF
which SO cents is charged for the tariff
There is a great north and south trade
here in the west The most OF the fruit
comes from the United States. The orchards
of Oregon, Washington and California arc
now supplying British Columbia and the
Canadian prairies, whereas the most of the
tropical fruits used in the dominion are ex-
ported by us. As 1t is now Canada is buy
ing about s130oo,0o0 worth of our agrfcul-
tural products every year.
The Canucks Like Our Goods.
Even with their own manufactures these
people cannot get along without our spe-
cialties. They buy more of US trap of any
other country, and far more than they do of
Great Britain. In 1904 the trade between
Canada and the United States amounted %
Great Britain was S45, O0o, 900 less. This was
so Notwithstanding the bulk of the latter
trade was made up of sales to Great Britain
while the large bulk of the former was
composed OF American goods bought by
Canadians.
Indeed, Canada is one OF our best Gus
toners. We sell her more goods than we
do to almost any country Of Europe with
the exceptions of the United Kingdom and
Germany, and she is buying more and more
every year. Her foreign trade is three
times as much now 1t was generation
ago, and il has increased more than 500
600, 900 within five years The country has
on its seven league boots commercially as
well as industrially, and every atom of It's
body polite is increasing IN geometricdl
ratio The people are growing richer and
richer as the years go on. They are today
worth 1855 more per head than ourselves OF
the United States and the volume of trade
per capita has more than doubled since the
days when Grant was President.
Canada and American Trade.
Indeed, Uncle Sam can afford 10 pay eon-
siderable attention to his Canadian trade
He is sending embassies to Africa, special
commissioners to South America, and ~
getting down on his knees and kotowing 10
the old Empress Dowager TO get rid of the
boycott in China. The trade OF all these
countries is a bagatelle compared with that
which lies across our northern boundary.
Canada'S foreign commerce now amounts 10
almost S5Oo0oO.o00. She bought S2J9 ,GoDRD
worth of goods abroad in 1904 and during
that year she pad US enough 10 give SOD
to every man, woman and child In the
United States and leave S24 ,0000o over tor
good measure. AS 1t is now her trade Is
worth five times much to us our trade
with South America. 1t Is worth five times
as much as our trade with Japan. and ten
times that OF our sales to CHINA Indeed,
fc rff he ri.