davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1906-11-09

The latter should hang loosely. 50
as TO be always in place.
When one wishes TO open the safe
the piece of plate is raised outward.
when the loop can easily be raised
over the gate-heai
The gate fastener. shown in the
figure at the lower left hand corner.
is one frequently seen on the farms
in South Australia. 1t is preferred n
all others. as no farm animal can
open it, and even workmen who see
it for the first time find difficulty
in opening and fastening it. 1t Is.
however, extremely simply, and con-
sists of a staple on the gate and one
on the post. To the latter staple is
attached a ring which connects with
the larger link that passes through
the staple. The link is slightly turn
ed so as to allow the pin to hang
downward. Raising this pin allows IL
to pass through the staple, providing
the link is free. which follows when
there is no strain between gate and
post. This link cannot slip through
the gate accidentally, since a strain
necessarily pulls the pin firmly
against the staple.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1906-11-09
Marriage Licenses.

James r. Hardy and Mamie
Fleming, both of Mt. Airy.
James Charlton Working, of
near Woodsboro, and Dow u
Stevens, of Creagerstown.
Harry r.. Kintz, of near Lib
erty. and Virgie Leonora Crum,
of near Mt. Pleasant.
Luther Roy Thomas, of near
Half Way, Washington County.
and Nellie Myrtle Smith, of
Rocky Ridge.
Ernest ID. Duvall and Alice
A. Watkins, both of Damascus.
Milton Luther Shook, of Bal.
timOre, and Lilly Alma Lieb, of
Mt. Pleasant.
Charles Edgar Shields and
Edna Marguerite Alexander, both
Of Sabillasville.
Wilbur Hotfmier Mayne, of
MiddletOwn, and Charlotte So
phia Cramer, of Frederick.
James Elmer Pittenger, of near
WOodsboro, and Lillian Romano
Parsons, of Spring Grove, York
County, Pa.
Charles Clinton Henry and
Adele Hildebrand, both of York
Pa.
Lewis Fout Conrad and Laura
Louise McElfresh, both of near
Urbana.
Richard Lee Hatcher and Kath.
crime E. Hoffmaster, both of
Brunswick.
John Madison Miller and Mary
Lenore Fry, both of Knoxville.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1906-11-09
The Way to Cut Up a Beef.

In cutting the fore quarter the
neck part is taken off and used for
mince meat. Then proceed by cut
ting two ribs and backbone at time
until the shoulder blade is reached,
when the brisket Is taken off and cut
into square pieces. Now while the
piece is yet of considerable heft and
easily held the soup bone, which in
cludes the leg to the shoulder bone,
is cut in four-inch lengths. After
this the remainder of the rib and
back bone is taken off. This leaves
what is called the fore-quarter
steaks which can be sliced and the
bone sawed in each piece, or it can
be taken from the bone and the bone
sawed and placed with boiling meat.
In cutting the quarter the flank is
first taken off and cut in six-inch
strips which can be rolled and filled
with dressing to make a very nice
roast. The sirloin steak is then
sliced of and with the front quarter
steak may be packed in four gallon
jars seasoned with salt and pepper to
taste. BY placing in cool room and
using from the top of jar at least
once a week 1t will keep during the
winter months and be equal to fresh
steak. The rump roast may be
placed with the drying meat with the
bone removed which leaves a good
sized piece Of choice meat. The bone
may then be taken from the round
steak leaving that part which usually
goes with soup bone This may be
cut and placed with boiling meat and
can be had for soup at any time. The
round may then be cut lengthwise
into pieces. If divided with seams
the pieces become too small for good
drying.-Field and Farm.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1906-11-09
Real Estate Transfers.

Sarah A. White to Joanna
Filby,, real estate in city. $1,000.
Mayor and Aldermen of Fred
erick, to Charles Ii. Fraley, real
estate in city, S135.
Aquilla r Yeakle ct al, exec
utors, to Amy Kump Dixon, real
estate i'll city, $1,000.
Mamie NJ. Geisbert and Ste
phen c. GeiSbert to Clifford A.
Frazier, real estate in city, 81.
Emily Stewart Macklin and
husband to the Outerbridge Hor
sey Company. real estate i'll Knox
vile, So.
Braddock Building and Devel
opment Company to County Com
missioners of Frederick County.
real estate in county, $500.
Braddock Building and De-
velopment Company to County
Commissioners of Ere deric k
County, real estate in Frederick
County, $14.63.
William U. Wilson and wife
to Philip Arthur Probee, lot in
Frederick City, $500.
Jonathan ID. English aud wife
to Trenton 9. Schroyer, real es-
tate in county, 80. 800.
Louis w. Sands and wife to
Arthur Lee, real estate in Fred :
erick County. 800
Samuel T. Barnes and wife to
Calvin l.. Engle. real estate in
Ballenger District. $500.
Calvin l.. Engle and wife to
Charles E. Feaga. real estate in
Bsllenger District, $3.50.
Mahlon X. Wolf and wife to
Theopolus q. Pryor, real estate
in county, 5000.
Elmer p. Schildt ct all, to VIM.
l. Renner, real estate in county,
$122.5O.
Laura V. Cadon to William
w. Baltzell and wife, real estate
in Thurmont. 81, 200.
Farmers Trust, Banking and
Deposit Company to the Balti
more and Ohio Railroad Com
pany. real estate in county, $780,
William Ii. Isanogle and wife
to William NJ. ISanogle, real
estate in Lewistown District,
300.
Jennie Weiskircher to the Bal
timore and Ohio Railroad Com
pany, real estate near Bruins
wick, So
Peter Weiskercher, Jr., and
wife, ct al, to the Baltimore and
Ohio Railroad Company, real
estate near Brunswick. 81.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1906-11-09
FLOWING FOR POTATOES.
Suggestions Resulting in Largely
Increased Yields.

Ground that is to be planted to po-
tatoes next spring should be plowed
in the fall. It is claimed that fall
blowing will increase the yield from
one-fourth TO one-third. Ground for
potatoes should be plowed very deep.
Prof. Girard, a noted French scien-
fist who has for eleven years been
carrying on thorough and extensive
experiments with potatoes and in one
instance obtained a yield at the rate
of 1853 bushels per acre; in many
instances getting yields Of over 600
bushels. and under adverse conditions
OF seasons where his advice was
closely followed. no less than 400
bushels per acre was ever produced,
says the ground should be prepared
to a depth OF sixteen inches AMI
thorough cultivation given. He
plants whole medium sized potatoes
in rows twenty-four inches apart and
nineteen inches apart in the rows He
gives much Importance 10 the tops OF
the potatoes completely covering the
ground when they attain full growth,
and does not dig the crop until the
vines have all died. He considers
good seed OF the very greatest i'm
portance, which he selects from the
most productive hills which have
been marked while growing on &C
count of the luxuriaut appearance of
the tops. BY selecting seed in this
way varieties have no. deteriorated
but have improved
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1906-11-09
! ROADS
RoAD NIAoNeEA>I
GOOD ROADS IN THE SOUTH.
They Would Save $4,000 q Year
on the Cotton Crop Alone.

In an address by John Craft of No
bile 1t was stated that the cost TO the
farmers OF the South is so cents per
bale OF cotton for an average haul OF
eight miles.
II there were good roads the cost
would be reduced TO 16 cents bale.
Estimating a crop at a million bales
this would mean q saving Of $40.
600 annually.
It costs under present road condi-
lions % cents TO haul a ton Of fer
tIli7er q mile With good roads the
cost would be cents q ton.
i have studied for some years the
problem OF working convicts on our
public roads. said Mr.. Craft, and
they have proved 10 be the most
economical road builders TO be had.
The convict has long passed the ex-
perimenJal stage for road making.
Judge Fave, of Georgia, who has
had twenty years experience in work
ing convicts as road builders. says:
They are the best and cheapest road
builders. While working convicts,
not q single overt act was committed,
or q single child. woman or man mo-
Tested. or one dollars worth OF
property deprecated on.
"Mecklenburg county, North Caro-
lirn has the finest macadamiZed
roads. and il is being done with con-
vict labor 1t costs an average of 25
cents a day 10 guard, feed and care
for convict labor when it is man
aged on business principles.
AS for the convict himself. sta
tistics show that 90 per cent. of those
who are worked in the open air,
properly fed and guarded return TO
their families and cease to be a
charge or menace TO the State,
while Of those who are kept in pris-
on or are worked in mines, sawmills
or similar places, So per cent. be-
come hardened criminals.
Nor do I think It right to put the
honest wage earners in competition
with convict labor or the manufac-
uring industry in competition with
the one that hires cheap convict la
Dor
Indiana has more than 1900
miles OF good gravel roads. I re-
member when Indiana was consid-
cred one Of the illiterate States in
the Union. To-day she is prosperous,
and her people are no longer igno-
rant. but the State is dotted with the
finest schools and colleges
achusetts spends more mon
ey than any other State on her pub
&c roads New York has just voted
to issue S50,000.000 for her roads
to be spent in the next ten years.
New Jersey has fine roads, which have
been Of great benefit, and are the
best investments the State has. Mis-
souri, is agitating a bond issue of
S25, 100000 for her public roads.
The province of Ontario, Canada, has
10000 miles of good roads, and
from that phenomenal improvement
have been the results of prosperity
to its farmers"
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1906-11-09
To Tell Amount of Honey.

Some apiarists guess at the amount
Of honey in hive by lifting it at the
back end. A little practice will read
lily enable one to tell the condition of
the stores by that method, but it is
not so safe as an examination of the
inside.
Should the hives be light and not
very populous, 1t is necessary to feed
them. II only small percentage of
the colonies need help, this may be
given in the most profitable way by
exchanging some of the lightest
combs of needy colonies for very
heavy combs of strong and populous
hives. In that case, not only honey
may be given, but also brood, which
will help a weak colony towards
greater strength.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1906-11-09
Uniting Colonies.

To unite bees select two colonies,
contract them on four combs each,
leaving them the four best combs
that contain the most brood and hon
ey. Then take away one of the
queens and if there is any difference
reject the inferior ones of course.
After leaving them in this condition
a day or two, the four frames of
queenless bees can be taken out of
their hive and set into the other to-
wards evening. The queenless sec
ton will easily give up their home
and be glad to accept the other
which has queen. They will, In
most every case, unite peaceably. A
frame of comb can be put into the
hive which has been made vacant in
case some bees do return to 1t the
next day, whence they can also be
carried to the united colony and
shaken in front of the hive the next
evening.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1906-11-09

1.-THE rest cure said the pale faced
man YEARLY, as he stopped to reply d
the question Of an inquisitive friend.
"is not all my fancy painted it. Hers
is how it worked out in my case;
Eat $50 a. m. the nurse came ID
take my temperature. at l had
take a bath and breathing exercs
then came medicine, after which fol
lowed breakfast, visit from the resi-
dent physician, massage, a visit from
my own doctor, slight operation Il
test the purity or otherwise Of nj
blood. more medicine, dinner. a visd
from another patient, letters and
tradesmen's bills, electrical treatment
beef tea. more medicine, another visiI
from the physician, cold pack and
glass Of milk.
That's how the day passed. At
was thoroughly exhausted and went ID
sleep, the first real application Of tho
rest cure l had known since morning
Rest cure indeedw And he pass
ed on with a growl.-London Mail.
lie Knew the Game.
A KenwooJ man consented the other
day to go to the millinery department
for the purpose of helping his wife de
eide on a hat. After much trying OF
the lady decided on two hats fron
which to make her selection. One o
them was "@4 the other SIG.
Nov, want yea 70 tel me honest
~, George" she said, (which of thes
two you would advise me to gel"
Then she put one on after the othe
and permitted him to view her iron
in front, each side and from behind.
well, I'll tell YOU" be said at las
1.-THE one you had on first looks to n
as if it might be more stylish ana q
that, but the second one makes 20
look much younger than you do IN ID
other"
He had wasted an hour, but .
baved SS.-Ch.cago RecordHeraId.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1906-11-09
Preventing Cider Fermentation.


Cider can be kept from ferment'ng
by adding one pint of grated horse
radish to forty gallons. Shake the
barrel well and add one pint of mus
tard seed, cork and put in a cool cell
lar. Cider can be kept sweet for
years by putting 1t up IN cans as in
canning fruit. Let fresh made cider
stand still until settled, then rack or
dip 1t of from the dregs, boil and
skim until thoroughly clarified.
While hot put into bottles or jugs,
filling them as full as possible and
corking tight, but do not seal. Set in
a dark, cool place This cider will
get better than when first made. II
cider is reduced about one-half by
boiling, 1t will keep fairly sweet, but
will have the alcoholic effect. Cider
will keep best when made late in the
season. Early made cider from i'm
mature fruit may answer for few
days, and then be used for vinegar.
To make champagne cider, skim and
clarity, let partly ferment to suit the
taste, then dip into wine bottles. Put
into each bottle three or four large
raisins and about the same bulk of
cloves, cork tightly and seal. Put into
q cool cellar.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1906-11-09
BE'lESt;z:S>
AND ~ |
BEE KEEPING
SHIPPING HONEY IN QUANTITY.
Method by Which a Good Quality
Has Been Obtained.

Some beekeepers are putting up
candied honey in cartons for selling
in large quantities, says Field and
Farm. After extracting, the honey
is poured through a strainer into q
small tank with a large hose at
tached to the bottom. This hose leads
through a hole in the wall of the
building to a galvanized iron tank
outside. The tanks are covered with
thin muslin cloth to keep out dust,
bees, flies, etc, and at the same time
II is intended to let in the sun heat
10 thoroughly ripen the honey by
evaporation. Then there is another
roof or cover of metal or shingles to
keep out rain. The honey is allowed
10 stay In these tanks until 1t begins
TO show signs of candying when it is
drawn of through large honey gates
~ inches wide into the cartons.
These are put into cases immediate
ly. holding from forty to sixty
pounds. according to the size of bags.
II the tops are folded while the hon
ey is still liquid the paper will wrin-
kle and make a rough job, hence it is
well TO use light topless and bot
tomless box. or sort of rim as an ex-
tension to the sides and ends of the
case. to hold the lid off of the paper
bags until the honey solidifies. In
this way the cases of honey may be
stacked on top of each other quite
high without bending the paper.
When the honey is sufficiently solidi-
fed. these false rims may be re-
moved, the tops folded down, piece
OF paper laid on and the tops of the
cases nailed down and the honey is
ready for shipment, or sale, as the
case may be.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1906-11-09

PROFITABLE TURKEY FEEDINa.
Two Weeks Before Marketing They
Should BE COrn-Fed.

Not over 10 per cent. of the tur-
keys that come to the market are
real nice and plump. In fact It IS a
difficult matter for a critical buyer to
find one that suits his taste. 1t IS
the last pound or two put on a tur-
key that brings the greatest profit,
for 1t costs as much TO grow the
framework for a skinny bird as a fit
one The best treatment for young
turkeys is to let them roam at will
It Is not worth while to undertake TO
fatten them in close confinement.
They may be finished from the field
in q short time II properly fed. Re-
gin by feeding q little grain at night
and when they are used 10 this give
It also in the morning. In few day5
give all they will eat up clean. Oats.
wheat and corn and make the best ra-
ton, but for the last two weeks be-
fore marketing corn should be fed
exclusively a mash of equal parts
b. weight Of corn meal and wheat
middlings mixed with skim milk
makes a very fattening food and pro-
duces the best quality Of both fat
and lean meat. II should be mixed
stiff and fed in a clean place Add
both salt and pepper TO the mash.
Feed it once a day, preferably In the
morning
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1906-11-09
Orphans Court,

Report of sales Of
property filed by the s rs,S
of the estate of James \ eCu
deceased. ~ "a
First and final accom-,
Anna r. Hyder execn,r;1
Sarah &. Fogle. deceased y :. !,
and passed and dlsl,iG"r
made. iou
First and final accom-.
Daniel I. Riordan. exrc u.'
Thomas Costello. deceased W, W.
and distribution made. ''1
Further final account or
=. Lare' executIix of CharsI
E. Lare, deceased, stated ~ !!
passed.
Report of sale of real o..
filed by the executors of thu o e
of George 7. Cline aud the >.
ratified by the court. '''
First account of Julius l..
ner, executor of the cstot"
Nicholas Lochner, dece az
stated.
Inventory of debts due in
estate of Nicholas Locpner al
by the executor. y
Report of sale of personal nd
erty filed by the executors If F' !
estate of George 7. Kline i
ceased.
Will of George W. Mcpps al
and prO6ated.
Reports of sale of real est !
in the estate of Charles W. Rol
deceased, filed with sroYt
ment and acknowledgment
purchase and the same ratie,
and confirmed.
Report of sale of real esto
Ill the estate of Lydia A. Lid
deceased, fled and order nj
issued.
Letters of administration Gran
ed to Ohio j. Shank in the esta
of Jacob Shank deceased. vii
notice to creditors and warraI
to appraise personal propert
bond, 81, 800.
Letters testamentary grant
to Howard E. Mopps, executor
George w. Mopps, with notice
creditors and warrant TO apprai
personal property, boud, S2,4C
Second anu final account A
distribution of Cornelia Il. RO
executrix of Charles W. Ro
deceased, stated and passed.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1906-11-09
Activity of the Queen Bee.

AS a rule young queen will be-
gin laying at about ten days of age.
From this time on, except for two
months or so in winter, she will lay
continuously during her entire life
time, which is ordinarily from three
to four years, although she does not
lay the same number of eggs at all
seasons. In the early spring when the
cluster is small and little heat can be
maintained, but few eggs are pro-
duced. AS the cluster increases and
the weather becomes warmer, she
lays more and more freely, until
along in June, after honey begins to
come in freely, she reaches her maxi
mum limit. AS soon as the honey
flow begins to fail she drops off
again, producing from that time on
only enough to keep up the popula-
ton Of the hive. But let the flow in
crease at any time and she will i'm
mediately respond with an increased
out put of eggs. This response to
prosperity is not, however, due to
any special instinct on her part, but
rather to more generous feeding,
caused perhaps by a greater con-
sumption of honey by the workers.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1906-11-09
FOUNDATION OF THE DAIRY.
Calls for the Exercise of Intelligence
and Skill.

Successful dairying rests largely
upon the dairyman's personal equip
ment for the business, for dairying
is not a slot machine that almost
runs itself, says the Farmers Voice.
The man must put in considerable OF
the personal equation. We hear a
great deal of balanced ration, stable
ventilation, bacteria elimination,
general dairy information, so that al
most any well-read farmer can give a
pretty good dairy talk or write n
dairy article, but the one great edu-
cational dairy need Is that the dairy
man shall have such specific knowl-
edge Of his undertakings that he
knows cows, knows the individual
needs, and how, intelligently within
the limits of legitimate expense, to
supply those needs.
Short courses, reading courses and
equip a man, of course, but such tri-
fles at their very best are merely lit
tie helps. The good dairyman, while
valuing all helps, goes into partner
ship with his cows, so that they to-
gether work out their dairy ques-
lions from their dairy standpoint.
This requires that the cows shall
have their equipment so that they
may be capable of giving back to
their owner usefulness for his labor,
measure for measure. | have asked
that the COW, year in and year out,
shall be well fed. 1t must be a start
ing determination that she be worth
feeding at all. By the Babcock and
scale, or the measure, one may fol-
low accurately the work of his cows.
but in the primary getting of his
cows he must rely upon his best
judgment and such signs as he may
believe in. Assuredly in founding
herd the beginner can do no better
than to exercise that best judgment
and observe those signs in choosing
COWS of pure blood or grades of high
breeding quality.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1906-11-09
SiIn Notes.
All the great dairy states have nu
merous silos.

All the great dairy states have nu-
merous silos.
Silos are as common as barns.
Twelve dollars a ton for hay Is
strong evidence that you ought to
build silo.
Silage is more economically har-
vested, stored and fed than any other
roughage.
Silaged-fed cows winter better, give
more milk and do better when put
on pasture than any others
If the silage moglds and decays on
the top do not begin to worry. This
seals up the rest and keeps all that is
under it in prime condition.
Pack the silage well at the sides.
The middle will settle of its own
weight, but the contact with the
sides of the silo keeps it from set.
ting around the outer edge.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1906-11-09

For ten gallons use twenty-five
pounds of common lime slaked with
boiling water; FIVE pounds of clean
wood ashes; ten pounds of melted
becf allow; two pounds Of common
saS ind one-half pound OF glue dis
solv a. Add any dry mineral paint
to color. such as burnt lumber, yell
low ochre or mineral red. Mix all
while hot and apply while warm;
keeping il well stirred.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1906-11-09
Maintenance Of Gravel Roads

In order to maintain a gravel road
in good condition it is well to keep
plies Of gravel alongside al frequent
intervals, so that the persons who
reDair the road can get the material
without going TOO far for II. AS soon
as -uts or holes appear on the sur
face some Of this good fresh nate
ria should be added and stamped
mo position or kept raked smooth
until properly consolidated.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1906-11-09
Stable Room for Harnesses.

A writer in the Indiana Farmer,
says:
The old way of hanging harnesses
behind the horses on high pegs is not
only laborious, but is accompanied
with some danger. The custom
should be out of date.
My plan is to have a small room
inside of the horse stable for hang
ing harness. By this plan If horse
happens to get loose he will not in
jure the harness by getting them
down. More. than this the alley be-
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1906-11-09
Worked Both Ways.

The idea that bees carry away the
substance from blossoms entered the
head of the owner of an orchard and
to prevent it he sprayed during the
blooming of the trees with paris
green, thus killing every beo that
alighted on blossom. 1t was effect
ual in preventing the bees from car
rying away the substance from the
apple bloom and 1t was Just as eff
fectual in depriving him Of a crop of
apples while his neighbors had an
abundance.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1906-11-09
Ostrich Enrrlinr in lriunnn

Ostrich farming in Arizona is now
becoming something of an industry.
Land for the purpose sells from $40
TO sl25 an acre. At four years, when
birds pair, they are worth from 800
TO $500. A few years ago a Cali
fornia Jew established an ostrich
garden near Manitou as sort of It
traction 10 tourists but the enter
prise dii not last long.