davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Every evening, Wilmington daily commercial., 1906-02-08
ANNUAL SESSION
OF CONFERENCE.
Delaware and Maryland MethO-
diStS will Assemble in POGO
mOke City on March i4th,
MUCH INTEREST IS EVINCED
bishop Charles c. McCabe Of
Philadelphia Will Preside.
SESSION WILL LAST ONE WEEK
Proposed Enlargement of Con-
ference Bounds.
MUCH INTEREST IS EVlNCED
o,shop Charles 9. McCabe OF
Philadelphia Will Preside.
SESSION WILL LAST ONE WEEK
proposed Enlargement of Con.
ference Bounds.

II 1, Presumed That Drs. Baker and
corkran, Now Suspended From the
ministry, wii Come Back to the Confer
spce aud Take Appointments But No
o,e Knows7Vhsre They VIII be sent.
Every evening, Wilmington daily commercial., 1906-02-08

Woman loves a clear rosy complexi lon.
Burdock Blood Bitters purihes the blood
olears the skin, restores ruddy sound heath.
The Tupelo journal., 1906-04-20

Emperor william was recently pho.
tographed again. His latest posing
was for a set of official portraits OF
himself in full regimentals, and some
thing like two dozen different attitudes
were assumed.
Every Christmas the German emper-
or gives his daughter Louise a pearl
of great price, and this year the thir-
teenth pearl was added to the match
less string, which will on the princess
twenty-ffth birthday be unequaled in
Europe. She is In her fourteenth year.
Not much is known of Princesschen, as
the emperor's subjects call her, save
that she is a lively. nervous little body,
much INDUCED by her mother and
adored by her brothers.
The young Crown Prince Olaf OF
Norway, son Of King Haakon VII, is
the object of much popular attention.
In the charge Of his nurse he is usual
ly taken out for a daily run in the
Queens park, and has had to pay the
penalty of fame in the form of kisses
showered on him by assemblies of ad-
miring ladies, who confront him at
every turning. To such an extent has
the practice been carried that the park
has been closed to the public by order
OF the queen.
The Tupelo journal., 1906-04-20
Nn0NQ NT5zRXhER5

was important to his ambition. Conse-
quently, after standing Jul at the first
joint conference and declaring the adj
vance demanded was impossible, he
made a sudden change which obvious
ly will aid his political interests, a
change which has been interpreted by
the press and public as due to orders
from the "steel trust" that the adj
vance must DE granted the miners II
that be the price Of peace.
This change on the part Of Robbins
aroused a bitterness of feeling among
the smaller operators of Illinois, In
diana and Ohio which v could be
assuaged. In joint conference Com
missioner Philip Penna, of the Indiana
Bituminous Coal Operators associa-
ton, challenged the miners to grant
the coal companies Of those three
states the same conditions as those
which prevail under the miners agree
ment in the Pittsburg field, and de-
clared that IL they would do SO the
operators not only Immediately would
grant the 1917 per cent. advance in
wages, but would furnish the miners
their powder free.
This challenge was directly aimed
at the stand of Francis L Robbins,
who was proclaimed a traitor to the
cause of the soft coal operators. Its
apparent fairness was a bombshell IN
The Tupelo journal., 1906-04-20

Mitchell jockeyed for the position
Of asking restoration" of a wage scale
that was in force one year, the year
of 1903, trying % make the operators
appear In the position Of refusing a
wage scale which previously had been
In force, Notwithstanding Che claimed)
the steel trade and railroads now were
prospecting wonderfully.
Average Wage Of Diggers.
Reports of labor commissioners Of
the various states give the average
number of days which coal miners in
each field work and give the average
daily wage at $2.42. Many Of the min
ers earn, when they work, from "a
to So and even $40 a day, but there
has been an overproduction of soft
coal and an influx of coal from nom
union mines which has restricted tho
operation of the mines in Illinois and
it's sister states. The miners then
earn through the year an average OF
$2.42 per day. The statistics of the
state Of Indiana permit comparison
with the wages paid to the butcher.
the baker and the furniture maker;
the butchers being paid an average OF
$2.19 per day, bakers $2.A per day.
and the furniture makers $1.87 per
day. Quarrymen, whose work Is SIM
liar, but not underground. are paid an
average of $1.40 a day. The average
wages of engineers and firemen OF sta
tionary plants is 81 per day, that of
brick makers $1.85 per day, and brew
ers are paid $2.35 per day.
There are occupations for which
higher wages are paid than coal min
ing, but they are not numerous.
The changes in the coal fields in the
conditions Of the miners and their
The Tupelo journal., 1906-04-20

roads and the priests Of the foreign
churches in the mining districts.
On the side Of the operators, condi-
lions existed which also foretold an
abrupt clash which would be likely to
result in strike. At the threshold of
the central competitive district" COM
prising the states of Illinois, Indiana,
Ohio and western Pennsylvania, lie the
no~n-unionized bituminous fields of
West Virginia, Kentucky and Tennes-
see. The West Virginia field particu-
larly has been an aggressive compel
itor in the soft coal market of the
middle states. In the last year West
Virginia coal has gone into the very
stronghold of the central competitive
district" into the markets of Indian
apolis and Chicago. The reason lay
In the cheaper labor secured in the
nonunion mines and the longer hours,
which enabled coal mine operators to
secure a greater production per day.
1t also lay in the growing carelessness
of the union miners in the mining OF
coal; while the grade of West Virginia
coal wal improving, the complaints to
the district unions Of Illinois, Indiana
and Ohio regarding the increasing
carelessness of the miners were each
month growing more frequent. In
those fields, moreover. under the gen.
eral agreement with the miners ma
The Tupelo journal., 1906-04-20
OF royalty.

The earl of Aberdeen belongs to per-
haps the longest lived family in the
British peerage. The title, which was
granted in 1923, was In the possession
Of the fourth bearer only in 1860. !
The talented Carmen Sylvia"
queen of Roumania, who was before
her marriage Princess Elizabeth OF
Neuwied, learned to speak the Rou-
manian language in the short interval
between her betrothal' and wedding
day.
If circumstances permitted him to
have his own way in the matter the
king of Italy would be absolutely the
worst-dressed of monarchs. Enter
tanning no liking for smart clothes, he
wears the Oldest Of suits in privacy.
He has a fondness for soft felt hats
and coats of the REFER variety.
The emperor Of Austria collects
menu cards, and his collection includes
the cards OF nearly every royal table in
the world. The choicest is the menu
card of the dinner given by the car to
President Faure, of France, which is
a block of the rarest black marble,
beautifully painted by a French artist,
the names of the various dishes being
lettered in white ivory.
The Tupelo journal., 1906-04-20
INTERESTING FACTS REGARDING
STRUGGLE BETWEEN MINERS
AND OPERATORS.
GREATEST IN HISTORY OF COUNTRY
War Cloud Has Been Gathering for Some
Time-Diegers Have Laid Aside Formid-
able Fund to Push Fight-Proposi-
ton to Incorporate Union.
BY CLYDE ALISON MANN.

tional organization, known as the Gin
terstate agreement" the conditions i'm
posed in the "differentials" between
machine and hand mining reached a
point where it amounted to practically
% cents a ton.
Tension Constantly Growing.
The stories told by miners of the
numerous small strikes which have
occurred in the Illinois and Indiana
fields in the last two years illustrate
the tension between the miners and
operators, growing constantly greater.
The two interests were not working
in harmony.
At a mine in southern Illinois where
over 400 men were employed, the man
in charge of the pit mules ordered hay
for them, but because of a lack of the
hay in the local market he woke UP
one morning with less than a bale OF
hay to feed the hungry mules. He
filled them up on oats and sent them
into the mine, but the miners learned
of the lack of hay and in a few min
utes they walked out and. refused to
work for several days, no~twithstand-
ing the mules were fed.
At another mine a strike resulted
from the hardness of 20 minutes OF
the paymaster upon pay day at the
mine.
These facts the miners boast about
laughingly, but the operators each
month grow more restless, till the op-
portunity was offered to stand on what
they believed to be their rights Then
they promptly refused to grant the in
crease of wages of 1917 per cent.
which was demanded by the United
Mine Workers.
Press dispatches have told the tale
of contention, pickering and delay in
the joint conference of the miners and
the operators, first in February and
again March 10. During the second
convention another influence was
brought to bear which added certainty
to the expectations that the miners
and operators could not agree.
Why Robbins Turned.
Francis l.. Robbins, president of the
Pittsburg Coal company, the biggest
corporation operating in the bitumi-
nous fields, will be a candidate for the
United States senate at the next ses-
sion of the Pennsylvania legislature.
His announcement has no been made
public, but in Pennsylvania it is a
The Tupelo journal., 1906-04-20
FROM e E L

A woman's rifle club is being formed
at Byfieet Surrey, England, the men,
bers OF which are to use a special min
iature rife.
Under the patronage OF the House
mistresses' Union" there has just been
opened in Hamburg the first of the
schools to be established in German
cities for the improvement of domestic
servants.
Frederick de Martens, who was n
of the Russian commissioners at Ports
mouth, has just resigned the professor
ship of international law in the Uni
versity of st. Petersburg, which he has
held for many years.
Mile. Butticar, a Swiss, is the first
European oma to choose engineering
as a profession. She gained a diploma
with honor at Lausanne university, be-
ing sixth in order of merit. She Is now
practicing In Geneva.
A dredger built of oak, 68 feet long,
81 feet wide and drawing seven feet six
inches of water, is now in use in Dun
dee harbor. 1t has been in use In the
same place for yer 100 years, and its
engine is said to have been built by
James Watt.
The Tupelo journal., 1906-04-20

well-known fact. The miners vote
thu campaign of Robbins and the min
ers as well. 1t brought no further re-
suit than a hot discussion. The mys-
terry of 1t is uncovered IN n under
lying reason for the strike.
The Great Industrial War.
So after three days in the final strug-
gle in joint conference all eAorts to
avert the strike failed. The coal oper-
ators of the central competitive field"
framed an appeal to President Roose-
welt to investigate the facts OF the
situation and determine the justice OF
the cas- by arbitration. This was
done by the operators after all hopes
of peace had failed, but 1t did not
avert the strike, although it was hoped
that it might shorten its length.
The present strike involves more
men than any other the coal industry
has known in this or any other coun-
try. Practically all the miners in Illi-
nois, Indiana and Ohio are members of
the United Mine Workers. and all went
out. They number:
Illinois 49, 900
Indiana 900
Ohio 900
The strike includes also the south
western field and involves in
missouri o'VVo
Kansas 900
Indian territory. 5000
Texas 1000
and it also stops the clank of many
tipples in Iowa, West Virginia, Mich
igan and Kentucky.
Probably all the miners in western
Pennsylvania will be ordered out, to
the number of 100000.
What will be the result of this ire
The Tupelo journal., 1906-04-20
THIRD PASTURE.

Now we come to a frisky lot, the
Labor Union" editors. You know
down in Texas a weed called
loco" is sometimes eaten by a
steer and produces a arrangement
of the brain that makes the steer
"batty" or crazy. Many of these
editors are "Locoed" from hate OF
anyone who will not instantlyobey
the demands" of a labor union,
anditis the universal habit of such
writer's to gostraightinto a system
of personal viliication, manufac-
turing any sort Of falsehood
through whichto venttheir spleen.
We assert that the common citizen
has a right to live and breathe air
without asking permission ofthe
labor trust and this has brought
down on us the hate Of these edi-
tors. When they go far enough
with their libels, is it harsh for us
to get Judgment against them and
have our lawyers watch for a
chance to attach money due them
from others? Cor they are usual
ly irresponsible.)
Keep your eye out for the 10
coed" editor.
The Tupelo journal., 1906-04-20

families during the last ten years are
so striking that they furnish one of
the best examples of the progress and
prosperity which is becoming each
year more general throughout the
United States. The traditional habits
of the miners have not altogether been
changed, but there are many
miners who nov own their homes, and
there is a smaller percentage of the
men who generally spend their liberal
wages at the saloons and In dissipa-
is no longer a shanty, and the condi-
lions within no longer are those of
~squalor. The miners child is now in
the schools, when in former years they
ran the streets, dirty and ragged.
These changes have been wrought by
their, unions, and the operators have
found great advantage in dealing with
the miners through their organized
uodies. The hard work of the on
sentative leaders in the national or
ganization has accomplished very
much, but the most desperate situa-
ton has been brought about by the
increasing numbers of the radical and
socialistic element, which regards a
strike too lightly.
Would Incorporate Union.
During the final joint conference at
Indianapolis the Illinois coal operators
began advocating the Incorporation OF
the United Mine Workers of America,
its assets to consist of the amount of
strike fund accumulated at this time
or on hand at any time. This is the
first case known where employers have
definitely urged the plan which theor-
lists in discussing labor troubles have
urged as a remedy. Economists of
distinction have urged that the incor-
poration of unions would diminish the
number of strikes, practically do away
with violation Of contracts between
employers and their men, and give
both capital and labor an equal stand
ing before the people. No less a per-
son than the general manager of the
Illinois Central railroads coal COM
pany, A. j. Moorshead, was sponsor
for this movement, which may grow
to- historic Importance.
Mr.. Moorshead is of English birth,
and in England the miners unions are
incorporated. Employers never have
been willing to urge the unions with
which they do business to take advan-
tage of the corporation laws" said Mr..
Moorshead. "In England violations or
abrogation of contract is very rare,
for the unions are financially respon-
sible when incorporated. II a contract
is violated by the employer, he or the
corporation is now responsible to the
unions or their members; the reverse
should be true, and il the miners are
earnestly seeking equality and fairness
in their relations with employers they
bought to be willing to sun this
financial responsibility"
The Illinois Coal Operators associa-
ton took no action, but favored the
plan and it is likely later to be given
formal recognition by the association.
What such action might lead to in the
relations of labor to capital cannot be
predicted, but 1t is an important de-
velopment of the question which each
year grows more important Of solu-
ton.
The Tupelo journal., 1906-04-20
n cONDNV/
CnTHGE ar WLNY

mendous industrial war? How long
can it endure? The daily bread and
very existence of 100000 people de-
pend Upon the wages which will be
sacrificed. VIII the struggle be COM
paratively peaceful or will the turbS-
lence which has marked most strikes
be, used by the less ~self-controlled
miners to enforce the demand which
has been refused?
Much depends on the results of the
negotiations between anthracite oper-
ators and their miners, for if peace
oyertures fail in the anthracite field
as we'll as the bituminous, the strug-
| gle will be a titanic one, reaching
from the Delaware to the Missouri
river and south throughout the soft
coal fields Of Kansas, Indian territory
and Oklahoma to Texas. 1t is not at
all improbable that not less than $780,
600 coal miners will be loafng before
the end of April. No time of the year
could be better for a p%rotracted siege
by the workmen, and that is n of the
elements OIL strength which determined
the strike long before the conferences
were begun. The suspension will be
at the beginning of the growing sea-
son, when little garden patches dot
ting the states of Pennsylvania, Ohio,
Michigan, Inolana, Illinois, Iowa, Mis-
souri,, Kansas, Oklahoma, Indian ter
ritory and Texas will be looked to for
the main support of the hundreds of
thousands of families and their mil
lions of individuals whose income has
been cut off. Thousands of these idle
men will undoubtedly go to the non
union coal fields in Kentucky, Tennes-
see, Alabama and West Virginia. Aft
er a %protracted strike the union has
been driven out of Alabama and the
mines are run on the plan of the
open shop"
For weeks both sides of this giant
struggle between labor and capital
have been maneuvering for position,
like great armies. One cause of delay
before the final breach between the
operators and miners was in making
these maneuvers in tactical moves OF
one side and then the other.
When a disagreement seemed prob
able President John Mitchell, OF the
United Mine Workers, secured a letter
from President Roosevelt, urging that
a second effort be made to prevent a
strike, and tried to put the response
bility for the strike upon the oper-
atOrs.
In return the operators promptly
agreed to a second joint conference, to
be held at Indianapolis, beginning
March 10, and which was prolonged
for ten days.
The third move on the battle field
was Mitchell's announcement that the
Pittsburg Coal company with an out
put of 100000 tons per annum)
would compromise by granting an ad-
vance Of 5.55 per cent.
The operators made a counter-move
by proclaiming Robbins q traitor to
their cause and not representative OF
their will.
Mitchell made a flank movement by
declaring the railroads were respon-
sible for the failure Of peace negotia-
lions and vehemently proclaiming that
an investigation should be made of the
relations between the coal companies
of the soft coal fields and the railroads.
The operators retorted there was
nothing in It and that Mitchell was
simply pandering to public prejudice
against the railroads.
The Tupelo journal., 1906-04-20

The facts underlying the great strike
in the bituminous coal fields are the
most remarkable that have been in
yolved in any labor question in the
history of the United States, as the
strike will be the greatest strike in the
country's history.
Few of the moving facts became ap-
. parent during the joint conferences al
Indianapolis. They had their origin IN
the previous strike in the bituminous
fields and the remarkable recruiting to
the ranks of the United Mine Workers
of America which followed upon the
heels of the strike in 1902. The oppor-
tunities in organization shown tnen
appealed to the element of the miners
which previously had secuted the idea
of organization, and this elemen has
proved to be, as it got o and more
into the harness, a radical, even social
istic element-much more radical thar
the leaders of the United Mine Work
ers or the older membership in that
body.
Miners Well Prepared.
Through the check off system, the
collection by the cooperators of union
dues and fines, a system which existed
through the foolish indulgence OF the
operators, an enormous strike fund
has been piled up, the total being to-
day at least So, 1000, 900 in all the district
and national treasury. There is a fund
of $3.50, 900 in the Illinois treasury
alone. This is a sum which would go
but a little way in paying strike
wages, but was a sum so large that
the new element in the United Mine
Workers had fixed their eyes upon 1t
greedily with jealous misgvings OF
what might be done with it. In the
ranks of the miners, therefore, the
majority sentiment was in favor OF
radical demand, which their leaders
knew were wholly unlikely to be
granted under the existing conditions.
John Mitchell and his lieutenants were
put in a position of choosing between
continuing to lead their men and sub
scribing to the demands of the rad
ical majority, Or being thrown from
their high position and trampled upon
by thousands of union members. Such
a situation among the miners was
known to exist and hat a strike was
likely has been known for months to
many of the big operators, the rail-
The Tupelo journal., 1906-04-20

Now let all these choice specimens
take notice:
We will deposit one thousand or
| fifty thousand dollars to be covered by
a like amount from them, or any n OF
them, and if there was aver ounce
| of old bread or any other lngredlent
| different than our selected wheat and
barley with a little salt and yeast used
in the making of Grape-Nuts, we VIII
lose the money.
Our pure food factories are open at all
| times to visitors, and thousands pass
| through each month, inspecting every
| department and every process. Our FAC
tories are so clean that n could, with
good relish, eat a meal from the floors.
The work people, both men and wom-
en-. are of the highest grade in the state
of Michigan, and according to the state
labor reports, are the highest paid IN
the state for similar work.
Let us tell you exactly what you will
see when YOU inspect the manufacture OF
| Grape-Nuts. You will find tremendous
| elevators containing the choicest wheat
| and barley possible to buy. These
grains are carried through long convey
ers to grinding mills, and there convert
ed into flour. Then the machines make
selection of the proper quantities of this
-four in the proper proportion and these
parts are blended into a general flour
which passes over to the big dough mix
ing machines, there water, salt and a lit
tie yeast are added and the dough knead-
ed the proper length of time.
Remember that previous to the barley
having been ground it was passed
through about one hundred hours OF
soaking in water, then placed on warm
floors and slightly %sprouted, developing
the diastase in the barley, which changes
the starch in the grain into a form OF
sugar.
Now after we have passed 1t into
dough and it has been long
enough, it is moulded by machinery into
| loaves about 10 inches long and 5 or o
inches in diameter. 1t is put into THIS
| shapefor convenience in second cooking.
These great lOaves are sliced by ma
| chinery and the slices placed on wire
trays, thesetrays, inturn, placed on great
| steel trucks, and rolled into the second
| airy ovens, each perhaps Is or 80 feet long.
| There the food is subjected to a long low
| heat and the starch which has not been
heretofore transformed is turned into a
form Of sugar generally known as Post
Sugar. It can be seen glisten1pg on the
granules Of Grape-Nuts If held toward
the light, and this sugar is not poured
over or put on the food as these prevarl-
Gators ignorantly assert. On the con-
trary the sugar exudes from the interior
of each little granule during the process
of manufacture, and reminds n of the
little white PARTICLES of sugar that come
out on the end of a hickory log after
it has been sawed OF and allowed to
stand for a length of time.
This Post Sugar is the most digestible
food known for human use. 1t is so per-
fectin its adaptability that mothers with
very young infants will pour a little
warm milk over two or three spoonfuls
Of Grape-Nuts, thus washingthe sugaroh
from the granules and carrying it with