The commercial. (Union City, Tenn.) 190?-193?, 1906-01-12
RAILROAD LEGISLATION.
HOW THE RATE MAKING CUES.
TON STANDS BEFORE
CONGRESS TO-DAY.

Foraker Bin and the Elkins Bill a
ternatives.
After its usual little furry OF bus
ness before Christmas, followed by tn
holiday period. Congress is now read
to settle down TO the serious work
the session. Probable debate loom
up large on the Panama Canal ques
ton, the railroad rate issue and TN
tariff. OF these the railroad question
is undoubtedly the most important, a
least it is the newest subject; an(
while no legislation may be desired
on the other issues, If railroad rate
bill is to be passed, as is the an
nounced desire of the leaders and the
President, practically unlimited debate
will ensue. 1t has been stated that
the House would likely act promptly,
as 1t did last year, but 1t is something
of a problem as to what will be the
procedure In the Senate. The inter
state Commerce Commission rate bill
appears to have taken the place of the
Esch- Townsend bill of last session.
Technically there Is to be no Admins
tration bill, which designation was ac-
corded the Esch-TDwnsend measure,
but with the members of the Inter-
state Commerce Commission In hearty
accord with the President, 1t is I'M
derstood that the Commissions bill
contains the basis of the Administra-
TONS demands.
On the other hand, the Foraker rate
bill and the Elkins bill are the prin-
cipal alternative measures before
Congress.
The issues, then, would be thus
joined, and the two houses would
likely struggle with It for q large por-
ton OF the session, with the probable
ity that In the end compromise
would be reached. This cuntenplates
some notifications OF the Presidents
measure, which will not necessarily
mean defeat for him or give him cause
for embarrassment. II Is conceded,
even by those who are ayowedly sup
porting President Roosevelt's railroad
rate policy, that he is too stanch a
partisan to embroil his party in dan
gerous strife on the verge OF general
Congressional election that will be
fraught with unusual importance to
other policies which the President
heartily desires should be carried out
as Administration measures backed by
practically solid Republican support,
Tariff revision, or "readjustment"
Is one of those policies which Is said
to be close to the Presidential heart,
and new and practical assertion OF
the Monroe Doctrine. particularly
with relation to such threatening
muddles as that in Santo Domingo, is
said to be another.
Protests From Shippers.
A rather peculiar development OF
4. -. sk, a al
great numbers Of large shippers who
theoretically are the very men who
should favor stringent rate legislation,
but who are vigorously expressing
themselves as adverse to radical ac-
ton. Since Congress met, great num-
bers of letters and protests have been |
received from shippers all over the
country declaring that they are adj
verse to giving the rate-making power
to the Interstate Commerce Commits
sion, or to any other political tribunal.
The protests coming from shippers to
members OF Congress are very ef-
fective, since the shippers are usually |
among the most influential men in |
Congressional districts.
The situation is full Of possible
complexities and changes, the only |
apparent developments thus far being |
q less radical public view Of railroad |
matters, which is being reflected in
the more conservative attitude on the
part OF the thoughtful Members OF
Congress and Senators. There seems
to be a growing recognition of the
fact that the subject is one full OF
intricate and complex conditions
which make final action inadvisable
without very full understanding OF
what the practical effect OF any pro-
posed legislation would be, not only
upon transportation interests, but up
on the hundreds of thousands Of peo-
pie throughout the country who con-
stitute the shippers.
Democrats to support President.
There has been such stampede OF
Democratic Representatives and Sen
ators to the support of amy rate bill
which the President may want" on
the ground that any rate bill is good
Democratic doctrine, that many of the
Presidents political advisers are
warning him that he may be in the
position of having to dodge an alliance
with the Democrats, which Is exactly
what the President does not want.
While 1t is generally believed that
the House will promptly pasS the
bill, yet Speaker
Cannon said not long ago that while
1t was impossible to say what Con-
gress would do, he felt convinced that
the House would not again pass the
Esch- Townsend bill. Yet the Inter-
state Commerce Commission bill is
much more radical measure and in
every way is more far-reaching.
Whether this is to be made the basis
Of a compromise or whether the Pres
ldent will insist that a comrnissionl
appointed by him shall be invested
with this plenary power OF constitu- :
tional government-legisla judic- j
Ial and executives matter OF some
p
In connection with the foreign and
domestic policies above mentioned. 1t
IS said alike by friends and critics OF :
the President that he is facing cru :
cial period. not only Ia his own career,
but also in that of his own party. =
Party harmony, to the end Of con-
Iinued party control, Is known to be
quite as inspiring a motive with Pres
dent Roosevelt as are those great
social, political, and Industrial re- ?
forms with which hts fame is linked, .
hence, those who believe they best un- y