Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1906-08-27

tected to humiliation and impositions which
are unfair and unjust. This depends largely
unon the personal disposition OF the teach
or but there are rules which apply to
Jews only For example, Christian students
who pass the final examinations In recog-
nized gymnasiums can enter any univer-
sity of Russia without fresh EXAMINATIONS,
but Jews do not have this privilege. IN
most Of the universities they are compeleo
10 submit to special entrance examina-
tions. made particularly severe In order to
keep them out If possible In some OF the
universities only per cent of~the new STU
dents admitted each year can be Jews. In
two of them including Moscow, Jews are
entirely ostracised, regardless Of the law.
Thus it will be seen that only the most
perseverng and intellectual young men
Of the Hebrew faith can get university
education in Russia. and; as men witnou.
of the learned professions. 1t is not 10 De
wondered at that the Jewish lawyers, doc-
tors engineers, ETC.. are Leading their pro-
LESSONS. ,,, n,,
stok. where the Jews compose considera-
BILE portion of the community, they nave
their own schools taught by teachers OF
their own faith and supported by popular
subscriptions In smaller communities nome
teaching is general. so that as a rule the
Jews are the best-educated portion OF the
Russian population except the MOBILES. You
seldom find Jew who cannot redo anu
write.
Big Gymnasiums.
The elementary schools among the peas
ants and in the cities are similar to the
urinary schools in the United States, and
have eight grades, which carry a pupil up
TO the grammar school when he Is about
twelve years of age Then he can enter the
secondary. or realistic" schools, as they
are called in which the classics, the mod
ern languages, higher mathematics, chem
istry and other of the applied sciences are
taught A pupil who Is going 10 tne UNI,
versity thus secures proper preparation ana
another course. embracing all subjects con-
nected with commerce, similar to our COM
mercial schools has been founded espe-
cially for young people who want 10 pre-
mare themselves for business lives.
From the high schools both the boys and
girls go into the gymnasiums or academies,
where they receive their final preparation
for the university. These gymnasiums are
usually equal in standard to our second
class colleges and young man passes d.
rectly from them to the schools OF law,
medicine and science in the universities al
the age of twenty-one or twenty-five. Inere
is very seldom an intermediate coiiese
course.
Some of the gymnasiums are very large,
having more than a thousand pupils, put
the government regulations require that
tbere shall be master for every forty
bows Although the government contributes
toward the support of many OF the gym
ma Sums the students are expected to- pay
fees to their professors according to the
attention they receive. 1t is a private ar
rangement but the amounts are nominal,
usually S25 year in the case OF poor young
men of small means and from $50 to $loO
a year from boys of rich families. This
brings the lawful salary of the teacher,
which is seldom more than S6OO or SIOO a
wear. up to living income.
There are special schools for the sons
and daughters of the nobility, to which
commoners are not admitted. This distinc-
ton. however, does not apply to the uni
versities, which are open to all.
Educates It's Employees.
Young men who want to join the army
may enter special schools open to boys
over ten years of age who are able to pass
the examination. There are similar schools
for the education of naval officers. Some OF
them are reserved for the children of the
nobility; others are free to all. There are
| several educational foundations of semi
benevolent character for the education OF
| the sons of soldiers and sailors to become
| officers of the army and navy All of these
military and naval schools receive their
pupils when ten years old The professional
| training begins at that time and continues
until they receive commissions as mid
shipmen in the navy or subalterns In the
| army.
Russia is very we'll supplied with all kinds
| of technical schools; under the department
| of agriculture, for the agricultural science
| under the department of communications
| for the railway, postal and telegraph serv'
| ice, and under the department of public
works there are admirable facilities fol
t-a.S=.-s c>E.-eers. eiectric:ans, chemist!