davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1906-03-18

they are permitted, unless 1t interferes
with their health or the health Of the rest.
"For example, they will fight and we have
to use force to prevent that, for they are
fierce and car mangle each other, put out
an eye and otherwise do damage. To keep
them in order the stick has to be employed
just as 1t would be with a refractory child
and to just about the same extent.
st is foolish and false for a trainer to say
he never employs anything but kindness
to his charges. There comes a time in the
training Of animals, just as in that Of a
humans, when the kind word and patience
are Of absolutely no avail and direful con-
sequences will ensue il a little wholesome
fear is not implanted"
The word fear suggests a question and
Capt. Woodward answers unhesitatingly.
THE seals are afraid at first Of every
thing. Why should they not be? With
many people there is a belief that these
creatures are born in captivity and have
an inherited tendency toward training.
The truth is that seals and sea ions are not
born in captivity as a general thing.
$50. when we begin to train them, they
are absolutely wild. The lights and the
people and the strange surroundings are
all new to them and all suggestive of danger
to their untutored minds.
years of training nave taught us that
the quickest way to obviate this is to mix
the two classes, the trained and the In
trained, ogether. We have a troupe, say
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1906-03-18

mediately ~peroeptible, not only because he
would look dry, but also because the hair
itself is several shades lighter. The water
not only gives the wonderful gloss, but also
darkens the hair.
At this point Capt. Woodward. pointing
out one and another Of his troupe to illus
trate his remarks, explains that seal skin
jackets are not made of seal skin at all,
being in reality the product Of the sea lion.
A seal skin is a kind of rough fur and spotted,
the seal being dark on the back and light
on the breast. the young looking like a
fallow deer. Sea lions are brown all over.
However, every seal has it's day and the
popularity Of the automobile coat has
given the seals a chance. Their skins are
used now for auto wear, and in conse-
quence, more harmony exists and the proud,
naughty bearing Of the sea lion has been
considerably tanned.
Asked which was the moro intelligent, he
baked a little at the four syllabled word
as applied to the brain development Of
his charges. but finally said that as the
sea lions had long fiippers they naturally
could be taught better tricks. Capt. Wood
ward is OF a family who have a perennial
copyright on this particular branch of ami
NAL lore
His father was superintendent Of the fish
department Of the Royal Aquarium at the
time it was a genuine aquarium patronized
by royalty, and it was in the days when
aquariums took the place Of hippodromes
and ~circuses to a great extent that the first
seal stunt was performed, which was alpha
betical compared with the higher course
Of to-day. This first stunt consisted in
the falling Of a small boy into the tank at
regular intervals and his being helped out
by the inmate.
"The methods Of training" says Capt.
Woodward, ARE founded on natural and
simple conclusions. We don't try to force
these strange animals to become artificial;
whatever their natural propensities are,
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1906-03-18

evident. They are obstinate in their friend
ships and won't work If not allowed TO DO
near their special chums. Chums are often
of the same sex. 1t is real friendship that
binds them, and this is one Of the natural
tendencies we never interfere with.
Once in training my troupe, o seal died;
he was one Of the older ones I'M had been
whole troupe refused to work: Their
number had to be taken from the pro-
gramme.
How do you account for that? They
seemed to me to have some sort OF intuition
of what his disappearance meant.
Then, another curious quality Is their
love of comfort. They use each other for
kitten where il is warm and so IT.. Often
times / AVE provided them with pillows to
lie on and they seem to appreciate this very
much.
Training can only be done for a certain
length Of time, for they soon get tired and
as soon as you discover that they are not
interested, you have to wait until they
times l go over the same thing, and thou.
sands and thousands of times / say 'brava!'
or 'Bravo!' when they succeed. They know
that means fish.
Next to the elephant and the horse comes
the seal in the matter of intelligence. This
is proved as well in their wild state where
they, like the ants, have a thoroughly Or
ganized social order.
Formerly we g out on expeditions to
catch the seals, but as their popularity has
increased, we depend on the fishermen who
take them off the coast of California. The
life of a seal in captivity Is five or six years,
and as none are born, the supply has to be
renewed frequently and always from the
finest specimens that the fishermen have
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1906-03-18
70 train a seal: First catch it.

Te train q seal: First catch il.
Having caught 1t, don't imagine that the
hardest part Of the work Is over. BY no
means.
From the auditorium OF the ~Hippodrome,
whore Capt. Woodward puts his eight
seals and sea lions through their daily
stunts, 1t seems the most natural thing in
the world for these animals to play drums,
comets, French horns, cymbals and other
Instruments, to juggle with lighted torches
and silk hats. You see n Of them toss a
billiard Que and ball about with the ease
and dexterity Of q vaudeville artist and
you are almost bored, 80 normal does 1t
appear.
Apparently these queer animals have
been taught everything but the three Rs,
. pouEeo Of study which might recom-
mend them to Supt. Maxwell, and it is
rumored at the Hippodrome that there
has been an application made for one Of
them to ait on the next school board; but
then you hear all sorts Of things up ct the
Hippodrome.
Naturally the most interesting per-
Torrance Of the seals is not on the stage,
In which respect they resemble other well
known actors and actresses, whose most
effective bits of dramatic work are given
In tho wings when electric lights don't
work or q curtain bitches at the wrong
moment. The seals don't care 30 much
far scenic arrangements or proper lighting;
what they arc troubled about is the guam.
tity Of fish. And II they don't get their
G6h on time there is trouble-trouble Of the
mp ZAP variety which you have to train
seals to know about.
The time u seal demands fish is, accord
ing TO 0 dollar watch lent by the manage
nnsnt, every other minute, by actual count.
The eight Of them manage to get away
with eomething like 200 pounds a day and
tho bin for this averages $50 a week. 1t is
further said that no boarding house will
talfe them IN account of their unseemly
appetites, so Capt. Woodward has to pay
retail prices for his meals. INC that means
Q good lump Oh the receipts. In their native
Htats q seal can devour 100 pounds of fish
day, according to Mr.. Kipling, who in
The White Seal" makes many interesting
statements, all Of which the seal expert
eofroborates.
When the troupe finish their stunt on the
stage, only the smaller seals are put into
crates. The larger ones and the sea lions
ealnly waikiki you can ALI 1t a walk-across
b remaining part Of the platform, through
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1906-03-18

Cone introduced Into Ali Kinds Of Furni.
tuR0-weoden FOu Posters Preferred
"a Brass BedS-An Outnt for Long
Island-Rage for Silver Gray Maple.
There has been a great change in the
character Of furniture intended for country
hnuses in the last ten years or 80. At one
time people bought for this purpose imi-
tstions of the most elaborate kinds Of furni-
ture-furniture upholstered and tufted
and of course unsuitable and cumbersome
for country use.
The wealthy furnished their city and
their country houses pretty much alike.
II ia not 30 now. With the appearance Of
mission furniture, 30 called, a reaction
began TO set in. Some women began to
@ In for simplicity with a vengeance.
They started in buying chairs, sofasi
tables which looked as IL they had been
Knocked together by a farmer or a small
boy ON a camping out racket-the very
effect aimed at by the manufacturers ,
Who remembered that the original speci-
nnens were made by pioneer missionaries
en- the Pacific Coast who worked probably
With 0 Ratchet and hammer only and knew
nothing about cabinet making.
These novelties, all angles and no curves
Unpublished and unupholstered, found plenty
af buyers when they were first displayed
In New York. Later designs are much
more graceful than those first put on the
market. Manufacturers have been turning
out what are called arts and crafts designs ,
which have curves as we'll as straight lines
and rounded as well as sharp edges and
IN which several materials besides plain
wood are used.
Nowadays IL 10 the palmer class Of furni-
turs that is most in demand for country
houses and city apartments, too. Take
for instance cane seated, cant upholstered
~ss-rniture.
In the old days none but the poor bought
cane chains. Now the demand for pane
upholstered furniture is widespread, for
the reason that the new designs are hand
scme and stylish.
IN the furniture stores you see chairs,
tables, sofas, ~chiffoniers, bedsteads and
yardrobes panelled with bleached cane,
trimmed with strips of cane, in some cases
tho q being more prominent than the
wood. In some articles weathered oak
~ natural color is used for the mountings,
IN others there IL used quartered oak COL
cred a dark green. q lighter green or adult
brown.
One graceful sofa had q back and arms
of cane mounted on ~weathered oak, the seat
being upholstered with q plain strip Of dark
green tapestry. The curves Of the settees
and Of many Of the chairs suggest Louis
Nv. designs.
Chifoniers Of the same wood are trimmed
with a panel Of cane running across each
drawer and lengthwige on the sides, the
sane idea being carried out on the sides,
be footboard and the headboaTd OF the bed
steads. Strips Of a u trim the supports
and the tops Of round tables, the bodies Of
which are OF weathered oak. Roman
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1906-03-18
TITLES.
Colonies I'm Louisville, Doctors In Phlla.
delphla, Professors I'm Boston.

Every acquaintance of more han twenty
four hours is a Colonel to the man from
Louisville, and the title is applied in a
perfectly natural way-just as If it was
deserved. The Kentuckian means his mill
tary salutes TO be complimentary, and they
are.
The natives are free with their titles
down thai way, too, and Colonel ia not
the limit. There are two prominent law-
yers in the Blue Grass State who are called
General everywhere. When their names
appear in newspapers the titles are used
with as much solemnity as though they
had been earned on the field of battle.
One Of them is general counsel for a rail-
road and the other served a term years ago
as Attorney General Of the State.
In Philadelphia as soon as your aoquaint-
anoe reaches the degree of familiarity
that would justify him in calling you by
your first name the Philadelphia gives
the title doctor. When a Philadelphia
addresses you as doctor you may know
he is getting intimate and maybe you can
borrow money.
The reason for the popularity of doctor
La not far to seek. The Quaker City is the
seat of many big medical collie ges, pro-
QuC6g an unuBuAl NUMBER OF pnyBlClans,
and has come to look upon the medical
profession as one Of the most learned,
progressive and important. Philadelphia
newspapers get up moro excitement over
a medical college commencement than
anything except the first run Of Delaware
River shad in the spring.
A Boston man gloats over giving and
receiving the title professor The rea-
son is obvious to one acquainted with the
Boston state OF mind. Professor" indi-
oates a broader culture than doctor"
and that tickles Boston.
IL you go to Atlanta and are worth while
at all, you'l soon be q Judge The rea-
SOM Did you ever hear a Georgian talk?
Argument and high sounding phrase are
his delight. Since the law is the profession Of
argument Georgians pay their highest COM
pliment by giving their friends tine title.
In Denver Inc generally in the ne wer
West, "pard" and Buddy are good enough
to express the breezy mountain and plain
good fellowship of the people.
The New Yorker also has his ~favorite
and expressive titles of appreciation inc
esteem. New York 10 probably the only
place where bose and pal are applied
Unfortunately as expressions Of COM
plimentary familiarity.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1906-03-18
OLD WALL PAPERS SOUGHT.
HIGH PRICES PAID FOR COLONIAL
PICTURE DESIGNS.
One Tone Decorations for Flats, With Color
Supplied by the Draperies-Return OF
the LambreUuln the Newest Change
in Curtain Hanglng-Curtain Styles.

in Curtain HangIng-Curtain Styles.
The average purchaser of wall paper
and upholstery materials Is keener about
novelty than about beauty. 1t is to supply
the demand for novelty in wall paper that
complicated ways Of putting up the paper
are devised.
Panels Of white stripes Of alternating
MORE and floral designs are now used, sur
rounded by borders OF the same flowers
used on the stripes. They are cut out on
the edges, so that the separate roses, for
instance, project over the panel.
Then there are panels of more impress
sive character, intended to be used in draw
ing or dining rooms. In a small room
effects of this kind may be created with
out a great expenditure Of money.
One rather dark dining room in an up
town apartment house has a high vain
scot Of what looks like black oak with a
frieze Of old tapestry. Both are OF paper;
but the shaded candles on the walls give
the room a look of antique beauty that is
very charming.
The wall paper most in demand is the
old fashioned Colonial picture paper. These
old scenes of country or sporting life are
so much coveted that they are even taken
off the walls Of old houses and high prices
are paid for them. The process Of re-
moving them is costly of itself. For the
paper covering only one side Of a room in
an old Deerfield house 500 was paid, and
that did not include the cost of removal.
In spite OF the great demand for these
papers, there has been no attempt to re-
produce them. They are likely to be al
ways a little too expensive to grow very
common
The present rage for empty rooms has
led people to take a new view Of wall paper.
It Ia no longer looked or as a decoration,
except for rooms that are to be without
pictures or other ornamentation on the
walls.
Where pictures are to be hung plain
papers or papers with very small and in
conspicuous designs are used. The papers
Of vivid colors and large, wriggling patterns,
which began to appear a score Of years
ago, to the Generalization Of public taste
and the power to make every room look
like an infamed parlor car, have fortunately
had their day. Plain papers are now Be-
lected as a background and not to be orna-
mental or decorative themselves. When
fancy papers are selected they are the
main decoration OF the walls.
Persons OF moderate means who live in
fats are chiefly interested in getting all
they can for the mea gre sum the landlord
thows for decoration. Yet few Of them
lire willing to take the advice Of specialists
iu wall paper decoration and furnish their
apartments entirely with one paper or
with two shades Of the same color.
The sense Of space this plan gives to the
averag % apartment cannot be understood
" those who ave not seen the effect. In
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1906-03-18
RAIN STICKS AND UMBRELLAN
IT'S HIS Years Since the First Portable
Shelter Was Carried In America.

From the heavy, oumbrous rain sticks
OF 100 to the dainty umbrella of 1905 10 a
long jump, Each succeeding year finds
changes in umbrella styles, usually con-
fined to the handles and upper adorn.
ments Of the rod. This years styles have
many beautiful ~fancies, worked out in gold,
silver, pearl and ivory. The finest silk
spreads over the ribs of these rain shieIds,
and they are stout enough for the use they
receive, but would probably give very
short service to the New Yorker who rides
In the subway twice a da y in crowd time.
1t is curious to observe what a difference
exists between these wire steel and pearl
creations Of to-day and the first umbrella
ever made, that erected, in the literal sienid-
canoe Of the word. by Jonas Hanway al
London in the year 1855.
Mr.. Hanway detested the cold dripping
o. London rain, so he set about the making
OF a rain stick, which, when completed,
Weighed a good twelve pounds, and on is
hrst appearance over the head OF the re-
doubtable Hanway caused a commotion
among beholders. Over Hanway's head
his tentiike arrangement. the cloth q
suf1ciently spacious to shelter seven people.
'ts ~ we're OF heavy whalebone half an
inch thick and braced with bars OF wood.
1t required a man OF muscle to accom-.
fAhE. - NV hhS ebioii WIN tLdN bttt uiu-
brella.
In a mon.h after it's appearance a few
others had bravely come forth to defy
public opinion and the rain, but II was not
until ~thirty-seven years later that the um-
bella was seen on the streets Of old New
York.
In a modest shop in philadelphia, the
first umbrellas OF ar American make were
turned out in %79S, and New York fashion
ables of the period might lave been seen
the same year walking in the rain, delighted
with the unwieldy arrangement, which they
called a rain stick. It's real recognition
as a human necessity was synohronous
with the invention Of the steel rib In 1910.
From that time forward the umbrella
no very radical changes have been made.
Its principle is just the same now as Il wei
a hundred years ago, and occasionally,
when a hurrying. New Yorker struggles
with his rain stick in a pouring rain, he
feels a doubt about the superiority Of the
modern article.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1906-03-18

sVaseline has been suggested, said Capt.
Woodward, as contemptuously as he with
his soft voice and manner could say any
thing, but the fact is that their natural
element is all they need to give them a
fresh, attractive stage presence.
"They use no cosmetics; their compilations
are their own, not because they we're pur-
chased, but by natural right, and they
never put soap on their faces. Occasionally
the male seal rubs his mustache of when
1t begins to bother him and gets in his eyes
and mouth, but Notwithstanding their
spruce appearance, l should not say that
they wasted the precious moments Of life
in the frivolities of fashion.
"A lesson might be learned from them in
this respect, if lessons were needed
II it should happen that a seal was out OF
the water for an hour or two before he came
on the stage the difference would be i'm
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1906-03-18

calmly sorutinizes the approach Of the
others. Short, hoarse banks attest his feel
ing in the matter.
He is not the only onlooker either, for
this Is really the most amusing trick Of the
seals, and chorus girls, ~stagehands, trainers
and the rest Of the underground bunch
gather to watch. One chorus girl, when
Tony isn't looking, uns up to him and
pokes his flapper, but she gets out of the
way quickly when Tony turns his big
eyes on her and reaches out to give her a
slap across her saucy face.
For Tony and his companions are no
respecters Of persons. They will submit
to Capt. Woodward's presence, but even he
has to be wary of their moods and he has
occasionally had a reminder that under
the thin veneer Of civilization n the polish
of travel there lies a heart still primal In
it's passions.
Incidentally, it j. explained that this
polish which gives such a glossy look to
the backs Of seals as they come into the
limelight is not due to any external means.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1906-03-18

ular for country use. They are strong,
durable, suited to hard wear indoors ard
outside, can be scrubbed with soap and
water without injuring the fabric and are
decorative.
cover follows the old rag carpet designs.
The patterns are liner and less variegated.
Patches Of solid color are introduced as a
border in some cases, and instead Of a cord
the cushion material is ravelled to form a
fringe finish.
For out-of-town window draperies moth
ing more stylish is shown than the new Cal
cutta laoes, eoru or a deep cream in color.
Instead OF the small meshes seen 80 much
a year g a spider web design very open.
the lengthwise strands caught every two
or three inches with a lace medallion, has
the lead, and a close second is a smaller
ootagon mesh, over which runs a half-inch
wide solid stripe describing a diamond
pattern about five by four inches.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1906-03-18

the others don't mind he follows after .
Then the worst is over.
when he has become aoclimated to
stageland we begin with the simplest
tricks, the tapping or the side Of the
pedestal for food. He soon learns that when
he flaps long enough and hard enough
he will get a piece of fish.
THAT is the secret Of the training and
the only thing to which they respond.
They are gluttons and after every success
full trick they are rewarded. No trick,
no reward.
-The tricks that are exhibited on the
Hippodrome stage have taken years to
perfeot-the playing of the different in
struments, the balancing Of the fire sticks
and hats. The hardest one Of all is the
balancing Of the cue and ball.
$50 perfect are these animals in the
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1906-03-18
Education Of the Vaudeville Seals
Training them No Easy Task Even After
Catching Them

the entrance, down a runway, through a
network Of passages until they reach their
quarters. Twice a day is this long journey
taken and for creatures which are usually
looked upon as aquatic it is quite a feat.
They do not come like fairy footsteps in
the night. Not at all. There are thumps
and wheezes and short barks like those Of an
irritated dog and the hipfap flip of the
fms and the divided tail on the wood, Ar
rived, the first, which is usually Tony,
leans over the rail of his opera box and
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1906-03-18

Of six trained seals ard we put n green one
in with them. Possibly the audience don't
notice it, but a seal may 60 on the stage
and get on his wooden pedestal for a month
or two before he Is even taught the rudi-
ments OF a trick
He sits there and watches the rest and,
though he il afraid, still when he sees that
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1906-03-18

balancing tricks that 1t has aCtually hap.
pened that vaudeville artists who id
balancing acts have refused 10 be on the
same programme, as it made them appear
insignificant. The animals have a precision
Of touch and a nice appreciation OF dis
lance that a man could not get.
THAT seals have strong affections %
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1906-03-18
COUNTRY HOUSE FURNITURE.
PEOPLE NOW GO IN FOR SIMPLE,
LIGHT EFFECTS.

Gene introduced Into Ali Kinds Of Furni.
tuR0-weoden -Four Posters Preferred
, % Brass BedS-An Outnt for Long
Island-Rage for Silver Gray Maple.