davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Heppner gazette. [volume] (Heppner, Morrow County, Or.) 1892-1912, 1906-05-24
HOW TO TELL A BAD RAIL.
Metallurgists May Now Find De-
fects by Aid of Mfcroscope.

Metal1urgists May Now Find De-
| fects by Aid of Microscope.
In his article on the anatomy of a
steel rail in Harper's Magazine II. c.
| Boynton tells Of the way in which de.
fects in steel rails are discovered by
the use of the microscope.
How them says the layman. can
you tell If that was good or bad
rail?' Then comes the microscope,
that simple instrument which has re-
vealed so many wonders 1t now per.
mits the metalurgist TO study the anat.
omy of so apparently lifeless a thing
as piece of steel
With a vertical illuminator or kind
of reflector which takes the light rays
from any source and bends them
through right angle, and then per-
mits the observer to look through il
down on to the polished surface OF
metal-equipped with such reflector
attached to an ordinary microscope and
with a number of different lenses call
ed objectives and eyepieces, the metal
lurgist can look at his piece of rail
under linear magnification Of forty
to thousand diameters This means
that If a spot measuring one hundredth
of an inch across be magnified 100
diameters, the original spot would ap-
pear 10 the eye of the observer one inch
In diameter
Can you conceive of anything in that
rail that could escape the trained eye
when under a magnification of 1000
diameters? 1t would have 10 he more
elusive than the tiny germs which med
ical men look for as the cause of moSf
Of our contagious diseases. than tho
100000 bacteria in a cubic centimeter
of the ordinary milk we drink.
Heppner gazette. [volume] (Heppner, Morrow County, Or.) 1892-1912, 1906-05-24
Saturday, May 10.

Washington, May 19.-The house
arose today in its wrath and put to
eternal sleep measure that it bad pre-
viously passed, making it a peniten-
tiary offense for any official or employe
of the government, including senators
and congressman, to make public any
secret information that would have an
effect upon the market value of any
American products. The bill origin al.
ly passed the house some weeks ago
without discussion, and was intended
to remedy defect in the law as expos.
ed by the recent cotton scandal in the
department of agriculture. 1t was
amended by the senate, and the report
of the conferees brought the matter to
the attention of the house today.
After heated debate in which the
measure was attacked as vicious legis-
lation by Mccall of Massachusetts,
Grosvenor, of Ohio, and Crumpacker,
of Indiana, Republicans, and defended
by Burleson, Democrat, of Texas, its
author, and Chairman Jenkins, OF the
judiciary committee, the house, by a
record vote OF 1O7 to;"66, tabled the
bill, having refused in the first instance
to agree to the report of the conferees.
Heppner gazette. [volume] (Heppner, Morrow County, Or.) 1892-1912, 1906-05-24
NO MONEY FOR
LAND RECEIVERS
May Be LegisIdted Out of Office ty
Congressional Act.
House Committee Cuts Out Salaries
From Appropriation Bill of Those
Officials Whose Terms Soon Ex-
pire-Many Offices in Northwest
Will Be Affected.

Washington, May II. - The house
committee on appropriations will mol
make provision in the sundry civil bill
for the salaries of land Office receivers
whose terms expire during the present
year. The public lands committee has
refused TO report bill abolishing the
Office of land receiver, Notwithstanding
the recommendations of the president
and general land Office, but the appro-
priations committee believes this re-
form is justified and much to be de-
sired.
However, the appropriation commit
tee has not jurisdiction over this gen.
eral subject, and can only. act as out
lined, to cut off the salaries of those re.
ceivers whose terms are abort to expire.
Under this change, Miss Anna NJ.
Lang, receiver at The Dalles, the only
woman land officer in the West, will be
legislated out O. office unless the senate
should restore this appropriation, but
no other Oregon official would be affect.
ed this year.
In Washington, Receivers L. B. An
drews at Seattle and A. j. Cook at
Vancouver would lose their Office after
July l, along with Edward E. Garrett
at Boise, Charles 6. Garby, Lewiston
William A. Hodgman. HALEY; Charles
G. Warner, Occur d'Alene and George
A. Robethan, Blackfoot, Idaho, and P
NJ. Mullen, juneau, Alaska.
1t is expected that the senate will
restore this appropriation to the sun.
dry civil bill, but, if it should not, the
officers named, with many others, will
be dropped on June 80 next.
Heppner gazette. [volume] (Heppner, Morrow County, Or.) 1892-1912, 1906-05-24
In half. a century. 522
heroes who faced death in
battle at terrible odds haNc\
been decorated by ENolandS
monarch

The golden jubilee Of the institution
Of the famous Victoria Cross has re
Gently been observed in Great Britain
The most thrilling romances fall t
equal the true stories of how the cross
has been won. To the present So
awards to officers and men In the vari
Gus branches Of the military and naval
services have been made. 1t Is per
haps the only personal decoration In
the world that has been awarded to
dead heroes, for 1t Is a matter Of rec
ord that in dozen cases, at least, the
inspiring cross has been Won at the
cost of life itself. In such Instances
the hero is gazetted and the cross Is
given to his family.
There Is little to admire In the deco
ration itself. Its very plainness and
! simplicity, however, seem compatible
with the modest heroism 1t signifies
The cross measures one and one-fifth
inches square, weighs about 434 grains
and Is Of bronze, being castfrom cannon
captured by the British at Sebastopol.
1t is attached by to a bar, upon
which Is a sprig Of laurel. On the
diverse side the royal crown, surmount-
ed by a lion, occupies the center, with
scroll underneath bearing the words,
"For Valour." The reverse Is quite
plain. with an indented circle In the cen
ter, In which the date or dates Of the
- hrox 20 -n1 fh.,
back OF the bar is the name Of the re-
cipient, and the whole Is suspended by
ribbon-blue for the navy, red for
the army. The warrant establishing
the decoration authorizes a bar to be
attached to the ribbon fer any further
act of conspicuous bravery on the part
Of the owner Of the cross, but ii Is
stated. no such bar has ever yet been
issued 1t might be Of interest 10
note that the intrinsic value Of the
little badge is said to be four pence
ha'penny. or about nine cents.
At the time Queen Victoria found
ed the decoration by her royal war
rsnt of Jan. %, 1886. the Crimean war
was being fought With much tenacitv.
The poet laureate, Tennyson. had made
famous the charge at Ralaklava In his
memorable dramatic stanzas The dis
patches from the front related In of
fetal language many deeds of signal
bravery under terrific fire both In the
army and navy. The Queens war
rant relates that taking into our royal
that there exists no
means of adequately rewarding the In
dividual gallant services either of otfi-
GERS of the lower grades In our naval
and military service, or Of warrant and
petty officers. seamen and marines In
our navy, and noncommissloned officers
and soldiers In our army" etc, the new
decoration is instituted.
The Victoria cross Is, as may be no.
ticed. an exceedingly democratic insti-
tuition 1t is practically open TO every
Brlton who. while fighting enemies of
Heppner gazette. [volume] (Heppner, Morrow County, Or.) 1892-1912, 1906-05-24
California Needs Another Judge.

Washington, May 15.-The members
of the California delegation in congress
today met in conference with Secretary
Metcalf and discussed the question OF
an additional circuit Judge for Califor-
MIA, as we'll as the urgent need of lib
eral appropriations both for the con-
struction of new federal buildings in
San Francisco and the proper repairing
of others. insurance litigation will, it
is believed, make an additional Judge
imperative.
Heppner gazette. [volume] (Heppner, Morrow County, Or.) 1892-1912, 1906-05-24
Jiminez Plans Revolution,

Washington, May 15.-Reports have
reached the State department of the
organization of another revolutionary
movement directed against the govern
ment of President Caceres. of Santo
Domingo. 1t is understood that the
island of Porto Rico is the base of
operations, and it is supposed that ex.
President Morales and Jiminez are the
leaders of the movement. Instructions
have been sent to the insular governor
of Porto Rico to take steps to carry out
the neutrality laws, which would pre-
vent departure of hostile expedition.
Heppner gazette. [volume] (Heppner, Morrow County, Or.) 1892-1912, 1906-05-24
Rebuilding Of Stanford.

San Francisco, May 1S.-Stanford
University will be reconstructed at
once, and by next September every
building necessary to the work OF the
college will be in perfect condition.
The work has already commenced, and
there is plenty of money on hand to as
sure the trustees that the repairs may
be accomplished as quickly as they de-
sire. The structures will be rendered
earthquake proof. Three experts have
been appointed, and their report will
be the basis for whatever changes are
considered necessary.
Heppner gazette. [volume] (Heppner, Morrow County, Or.) 1892-1912, 1906-05-24
DANGER OF QUAKES.
One Of Chief Reasons for.Committee
Favoring Sea Level Canal.

One of Chief Reasons for.Committee
Favoring Sea Level Canal.
Washington, May 18. - That the
earthquake that destroyed San Francis.
co helped determine the vote OF the
senate committee on interoceanic canals
in favor of a sea level type is apparent
from the fact that feature OF the ma
jority report is a discussion ut the
effect earthquakes might have on locks
4 I'd dams. The majority report in
favor of sea level canal was submitted
today by Senator Kittredge.
The report says that the canal struc-
lures would be exposed to injury by
earthquakes, particularly the locks at
Gatun. If the lock walls should be
moved, leakage would result and the
gates would be useless. In case OF
fracture of locks. months or years
might be required for repairs, and
meanwhile traffic would be interrupted j.
1t is maintained that the dam at
Gamboa proposed by the majority OF
the board OF consulting engineers, is
not liable to injury by earthquakes, for
it will be built on solid rock founda-
ton, reinforced with strong walls and
buttressed at each end with walls Of
rock. Nor are the side slopes of the
Culebra cut likely to be disturbed,
but an earth dam on an alluvial base
might be cracked, draining the lock
and running the canal. The committee
says:
cat San Francisco, where the water
pipes were broken, the disaster was
greatly augmented by this cause, for
the water could not be held in the
pipes and directed on the flames. What
would happen to the aqueduct, con-
duits, pipes and valves, buried in the
concrete walls, used for filling and
emptying the locks, cannot be we'll
conjectured.'
1t is stated that ships of all classes
could be passed through the sea level
canal in 81 hours less than the time
that would be consumed in passing
ships through locks alone. The cost OF
annual maintenance is estimated at
81 $40 900 for the sea level and $2,-
$50, 900 for the lock type. A sea level
canal free from all obstacles could pass
100 warships in less than day. Naval
commanders and commercial shipmas-
ters oppose locks.
The majority argues that an enemy
could destroy a lock canal much easier
than a sea level canal with explosives.
The cost OF a sea level canal is estimat-
ed at $3.50, 900, 600, while the total cost
of the lock canal would be at least
$3.50, 100000, and the cost of trans
forming the latter into sea level canal
would be 5000, 100000 The conclu-
sion of the majority is "that the sea
level canal can be realized in 10 or IL
years at cost not exceeding $50, ,0O0,-
900 above that required by the con-
struction of the multilock canal pro-
posed by the minority"
Heppner gazette. [volume] (Heppner, Morrow County, Or.) 1892-1912, 1906-05-24
Paw What They Legally Owe.

San Francisco, May 1.-The insur-
ance companies will settle their losses
in their own way, each company acting
for itself, according to the contracts
embodied in its policies, and the Fire
Underwriters Adjusting Bureau will
make no attempt to dictate general
policy or lay down uniform rules for
the companies to observe in the settle
ment of claims. The adjustment bu-
reau is merely 10 act as board of ap-
praisers in dealing with claims and
only report on losses sustained, leaving
settlement to the respective companies.
Heppner gazette. [volume] (Heppner, Morrow County, Or.) 1892-1912, 1906-05-24

which, with its trail dvouring wiped
q Of
awful tragedy the the Golden Gate
Man He boasts that he has conquered the elements He
And In the
he should
rich
and equal In their
helplesness
s a pgmy. 8 pane;
ALL shall direct s a
Heppner gazette. [volume] (Heppner, Morrow County, Or.) 1892-1912, 1906-05-24
Viii Double Alaska Gables.

Washington, May l5.-Orders have
been issued by General Allen, the chief
signal officer of the army. for the in
stallment of the duplex system on the
Alaska cables. The commercial busl-
ness of the cables has become go heavy
that even by working night and day the
operators are not able to handle all the
disatches. With the new system the
capacity of the cables will be increased
about IS per cent. The supreme court
of the United States has denied the
petition for rehearing in the Chicago
traction cases.
Heppner gazette. [volume] (Heppner, Morrow County, Or.) 1892-1912, 1906-05-24
Inquiry Into Coal Monopoly.

Philadelphia, May 15.-The Inter.
state Commerce Commission will to-
morrow resume its inquiry into the al
legged close relations between railroads
and big coal corporations. Nearly the
entire time, it is expected, will be de-
voted to efforts to prove the ownership
of stock in coal companies by officials
of the Pennsylvania railroad and dis
,.rimination in car distribution. The
Baltimore and Ohio will also be.sput
under microscopic examination.
Heppner gazette. [volume] (Heppner, Morrow County, Or.) 1892-1912, 1906-05-24
Make Money by Disaster.

Oakland, CAL, May 1S.-Some very
curious schemes for making money
have been devised since the earthquake
and fire. Two Stanford students, in
the early days of the trouble, secured
many views of the ruins in San Fran
cisco and surrounding country. These
they had reproduced on lantern slides,
and now they are touring the small
towns OF California presenting stereop-
ticon lectures. From latest reports
they are receiving heavy patronage.
Heppner gazette. [volume] (Heppner, Morrow County, Or.) 1892-1912, 1906-05-24
Greener UniustIy Accused.

Washington, May l7.-Having tatis-
fed the State department officials that
the charges against him contained in
Assistant Secretary Peirce's confidential
report were without sufficient founda-
tion, and that he was the victim of
mistaken identity in some measure,
Richard T. Greener. late commercial
agent at Vladivostok, Siberia, will be
given another appointment in the con-
sular service when a suitable opening
ia found.
Heppner gazette. [volume] (Heppner, Morrow County, Or.) 1892-1912, 1906-05-24
Withdraw Troops June |.

Washington, May 1S.-General Gree
ley has reported to the War Depart
ment from San Francisco under date Of
last night that the reported killing of a
large number of people by the army
during the San Francisco fire is incor-
rect. General Greeley adds that he has
notified the citizens committee and the
Red Cross that the troops will be drawn
from San Francisco not later than
June l,
Heppner gazette. [volume] (Heppner, Morrow County, Or.) 1892-1912, 1906-05-24
FAVORS SEA LEVEL CANAL.
Senate Committee Votes, Carmach
Havirg Broken Deadlock.

Washington, May 1.-THE senate
committee on interoceanic canals voted
today in favor of constructing sea-
level canal. Senator Carmack's return
from Tennessee broke the deadlock
which occurred at former meeting.
The vote today was had on resolu-
tion presented by Senator Kittredge,
declaring it to be the sense of the COM
mittee that the construction of sea-
level canal be recommended. On mo-
tion the affirmative votes were: Messrs.
Platt, Kittredge, Ankeny, Morgan, Car
mack and Taliaferro. Chairman Mil
lard voted in the negative.
Heppner gazette. [volume] (Heppner, Morrow County, Or.) 1892-1912, 1906-05-24
Monday. Nav. Il.

Washington, May 14.-The sess on
of the senate today passed without an
exciting incident and without the adop-
ton of single amendment to the rail
road rate bill, Notwithstanding that
measure was under consideration prac-
tically all the time from the hour of
converting, IL O'Clock, until adjourn
ment at 5:l5 p m. The most charac-
teristic feature OF the day was the re-
lection of amendments. This was ac-
complished either by direct vote or by
the process of laying on the table and
one followed another in rapid suces-
sion.
Among the provisions thus adversely
disposed of were several intended to fix
the liability of railroad companies for
injury to employees. The presentation
of provisions intended to accomplish
this purpose had the effect of bringing
out practically authoritative state
ment that the committee on interstate
commerce will report the independent
house bill on that subject which is now
pending before it.
Heppner gazette. [volume] (Heppner, Morrow County, Or.) 1892-1912, 1906-05-24
Wednesday. Nav l6.

Washington, May l6.-The consider
alton of the rate bill in committee OF
the whole was concluded by the senate
today, and the measure was then re-
ported to the senate, where there will
he opportunity to review and alter all
Heppner gazette. [volume] (Heppner, Morrow County, Or.) 1892-1912, 1906-05-24
Relief Fund Feeds 1000,

Washington, May H. DR.. Edward
T. Devine, Red Cross representative in
San. Francisco, reports that requisitions
for supplies have been reduced to 1884,
600 a day,
Heppner gazette. [volume] (Heppner, Morrow County, Or.) 1892-1912, 1906-05-24
4 Minor Gift of Beauty.

\ man may he as unattractive phys
ically as a gargoyle. but II he possess
es personal force and strength OF char
acter he will never lack feminine ad-
miration.-London Gentlewoman.
Heppner gazette. [volume] (Heppner, Morrow County, Or.) 1892-1912, 1906-05-24
Lectures and Learning.

l have gained nothing whatever from
any lecture l ever heard excepting an
increased power OF forgetting.
fession by the Head Master of Eton.
Heppner gazette. [volume] (Heppner, Morrow County, Or.) 1892-1912, 1906-05-24

When man makes a bold stand for
right. his fool friends try to talk him
out of It
Heppner gazette. [volume] (Heppner, Morrow County, Or.) 1892-1912, 1906-05-24

Washington, May Ia. - The house
had under consideration today bills re-
lating to the government of the District
of Columbia. 1t completed the bills
reorganizing the Washington public
school system, then adjourned in the
absence of quorum, postpoping action
on the bills under consideration
These bills will be taken up tomorrow
Heppner gazette. [volume] (Heppner, Morrow County, Or.) 1892-1912, 1906-05-24
Tuesday, May l6.

Washington, May 15.-With the ex-
ception of the anti-pass amendment,
the senate concluded it's discussion of
the railroad rate bill in committee OF
the whole and, as soon as that provi-
sion shall be disposed of, will take it
up in the senate. The general expec-
tation is that the pass question will be
disposed of early tomorrow. and the
general hope is that the bill may be
passed before the close of tomorrow's 8
session. The greater part of the day
was spent in discussing the eighth Sec
tion of the bill, relating to the person
mel of the Interstate Commerce COM
mission, resulting in the elimination
of the entire section and the restoration
of the present law, which provides for
five commissioners at salaries OF 81 800.
Washington, May 15. - The House
by decided vote today reaffirmed its
faith in the Navy department, defeat
ing an amendment of Tawney, chair
man OF the appropriations committee,
to limit the expenditures on ship to
10 per cent of the cost, vote OF con.
tidence coming after two hours hot
debate. Having reached the section of
the naval bill dealing with increase
in the Navy and, realizing that consld-
erable debate must ensue, the house ad.
journed until noon tomorrow.
Tawney was emphatic in declaring
that it was both bad policy and bad ad-
ministration to give to the Navy de.
partment the right of spending $ll,-
100000 for repairs OF vessels without
80 much as being compelled to give an
account to any one for the money ex.
pended.
Heppner gazette. [volume] (Heppner, Morrow County, Or.) 1892-1912, 1906-05-24

When you talk" about people be-
hind their backs, do you give them a
square deal?
Heppner gazette. [volume] (Heppner, Morrow County, Or.) 1892-1912, 1906-05-24
Eridav. Nav 10.

Washington, May 1S.-After 70 days
of almost continuous deliberation the
senate today at 4:53 p. m. passed the
railroad rate bill by the practically
unanimous vote of II to 3. The three
negative votes were cast by Foraker,
Republican, of Ohio, and Morgan and
Pettus, Democrats, of Alabama. There
was somewhat larger attendance of
senators than usual, but the attendance
: in the galleries was by no means alb
normal, and there was no manifesto
ton of any kind when the result was
announced. There was, however. an
almost general sigh of relief among the
senators.
Heppner gazette. [volume] (Heppner, Morrow County, Or.) 1892-1912, 1906-05-24

Washington, May 1S.-Reminiscent
of the stressful days of the 47th con-
prees were the scenes in and about the
house today. Hardly had the journal
been approved when the Democrats,
under the leadership of Williams, OF
Mississippi, began the first real fill
buster in a number of years, their OBJ
ject being to defeat the bill paying to
the estate OF Samuel Lee, OF South
Carolina, $40, 4s2 for allowances made
by reason of the election of Lee, ne
gro contestant for seat in the 47th
congress.
This bill has been reported favorably
by nine congresses - six times by Re-
publicans and three times by Demo
Gratis.
After spending almost the entire day
on the question the bill was passed.
Heppner gazette. [volume] (Heppner, Morrow County, Or.) 1892-1912, 1906-05-24

Washington, May II. - After two
weeks DEBATE the house today passed
the naval appropriation bill, carrying
$99,74, 5000. The amendment provid-
ing that the secretary of the navy could
90 into the open market and purchase
chains, anchors and cordage, should it
be demonstrated that they could be
had cheaper in free markets than they
could be made by the government,
was defeated today by vote of 1SS to
l23.
By the action of the house on sec
ond amendment, upon which a separate
vote was demanded, a per cent differ
ential will be allowed bidders from the
Pacific Coast on ships constructed
there. The vote was very close, three
Republicans changing from no to yes,
Haughen of Iowa, Thomas and Long
worth.
Heppner gazette. [volume] (Heppner, Morrow County, Or.) 1892-1912, 1906-05-24
Thursday, May u.

Washington. May l7.-Nith the ex-
ception of Bailey's digression, the en-
tire day was devoted by the senate to a
review of the amendments made in
committee of the whole and covered
somewhat more than half Of tee meas
ure. There was prospect OF conclud'
ing the reading until the section grant
ing to the Interstate Com merce COM
mission power to fix rates was reached
and the question of the constitutional
ity of that provision was raised. The
attack was made on the clause giving to
the committee discretion in the matter
of preserving rates, and long debate
ensued. The question was still under
discussion when the day came to a
close.
The independent. [volume] (Lincoln, Neb.) 1902-1907, 1906-06-07

1t is no use for young man to