Willmar tribune., 1906-06-27
Wash|!ington's Sad
Fourth Of July
Day Witnessed His Surrender OF
Fort Necessity to the French.

1t was the 4th day Of July, 1854,
| y years before the Declaration of In
dependence made the day ever ia
| NOUS. ~. -,
| {. The light of early morning shone
upon strange scene in the wilderness
Of western Pennsylvania. ,;4>, r. ~ FL. III
zs'A force: of 500 Frenchmen and 100
Indianswas camped around rude
| stockade a little to the southeast and
not far from the present city of Pitts
burg. They were commanded by
Coulon de: Villiers, a young French
man, the commandant of Fort Du-
| quesne, who had sworn vengeance
I against the English for the death of
his brother, Jumonville, who had fall
en- in a. skirmish a., few days before.
Besides, theewas pledged to make good
the French boast that no English flag
! should wave west of the Alleghenies.
In the fort a little force numbering e
less than half the number of the
| French and Indians had held out for
one long day and six hours of the
night against the attack of their
vengeful and overpowering foe.
Before we relate the story of Fort
Necessity, however, it will be well to
refer to the causes which led to this
Fourth of July episode. d. 49,
At the commencement of the French
and Indian war it was determined by
the English, for the better protection
of their interests, to build fort at
the junction Of the Allegheny and
Monongahela rivers, on the. present
site Of Pittsburg. A body of troops
was accordingly dispatched by Gov.
Dinwiddie of Virginia to accomplish
this object. " .
The death Of their colonel on the
march threw the command into the
hands of the second officer, tall Vir-
ginian of 20, with brown hair and gray
eyes, whose gravity of manner and
careworn appearance bespoke even
t5en the greatness he was to win.
This Virginian youth was George
| Washington. 49,.
Before he reached the goal of: his
Journey. Washington learned from. his
scouts the, :futility of his errand. In
stead of driving out the French, he
and his command stood in fair way
of being themselves driven out, if not
altogether annihilated.
The French had been improving the
summer weather. They had captured
the few English and built and manned
a strong fortress at the very place
where the English expected to build
one, and a French and Indian force
OF more than 1000 men was thronging
the adjacent forest.
| When within a days march Of the
new fort which the French had named
Duquesne, after the governor of Can
ada, Washington halted at a place
called the Great Meadows and con-
structed a fertilization of logs and
earth, throwing up with his own
hands the first shovelful of soil.
To this rude stockade no gave the
name of Fort Necessity. In it were
! placed the cannons which he had
dragged with SO: great toll through the
forest paths from Virginia.. =.
After a few days rest, Washinston
went forward with portion Of his
force to meet the Shawnee chief, Hall
King. A council was held and it was
! determined to make a night attack
upon the French. Fl ;:f.<
The scouts of the faithful Shawnee
chief found the enemy's trail, and in
the darkness of a. rainy night the
English made successful raid. Ju-
monville, the French leader, was
killed, and several OF his men fell
prisoners into Washington's hands. :
He now fell back upon Fort Neces-
sity. His situation was critical one.
His men had but little ammunition,
and no bread Of any kind, having lived
for several days on fresh meat alone,
and even this was not plentiful 81
/ They were much fatigued BY their
long and wearisome march and the
provisions Of the wildwood; and.
worse than all, the walls of the rude
Fertilization were hardly such as could
be expected to sustain q siege. from
any large number Of foes.
Washington spent his single day 81
respite In strength hening his rampant