davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
St. Paul tidende. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1902-1928, 1906-05-18

Mrs. @bnitrb1m, en- 11ng ban1f 9a-
me fra &igrring, gift me6 en- ipenif
Monb / @an 6rancisco, bar ifblge
rMor6lpiet" eiennemgaaet frpgtelige
2ibelier nnoer og efter SsSoroffielpet.
&uiet fol6t iammen ON benoe og
benoes Gamilie og fnuite benoes &ie=
neitepige og 6ennes @piter. Mr. og
Mrs. @bnitrgm og 6eres 8 Maaneoer
gomle 8arn flap uo giennem ct Bin'
6ue, og mems &uiene ramle6e ian1'
men ON Dem paa @a6erne flap Dc
bort til en- &irfegaor6, bber MrS
@bnitrem opbol6t fig / 4 Ddgn noen
Se6e, fun if6rt fin Mat6ragt. So
Bun efter set fier6e Dbgn fom til
8rb66elingen, moatte bun bente /
Simer, og fit ga fun nogle @forper
@gn6ag Mnt regne6e set iterft, oe
FUN Ioa ober set iyge Barn for a
6effe set, 1i6t Egi fit bum fra e
@g6e &ors Mutomobil. 5an1m'
Scat fan6t benbes Nfon6, Der babb'
mel6t Zig til @olititieneIte, og ion
ielb bar ipg, fin Suitru beipinet uo'
mellem @ran1tenene. Mfrs. @bn
ftr6r1, Ser fun er 21 Mar gan1mel
bar b1ebet graaboaret otsie frpgte
lige 96gn. &enbes Man6, Ser eie6
to &otel1er, 1niiteoe en- Jor1nue pa
$4,000.
St. Paul tidende. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1902-1928, 1906-05-18

Mebiei1ttrniten. II. g. SultitSoe=
partemert bar i1t6ltebnet omtrent
100 Me6lenner al BEN iaafa1ote
v0rug- -Erui It" UNDER @nflage 1or at
babe obertraa6f SbermanS Mntt=
&rntlop me6 Senipn til @alget al
@atertme6iciner og &emifalter al
forfiellig Mrt. &lagen gaar no poa,
at alle @atentneoiciner forbanoles
af en- @ros Sorretninger, Ser er
srult me6 binon6en. Set famine
giel6er om Detailban6lerne, al bpil.
fe 100000 run6t ON | 2anoet tilbd'
rer en- 6orentng, bbilfet er en- Betin'
geIle for at 6e tan faa Meoiciner
til 6orbon6ling fra en- @ros @niene
Detoilbnnblerne faar iaa en- beiten11
8ris faitiat, iom 6e ntna felge Me:
bicinerne for, og gaar oe nnoer BEN
ne, bIiber @aIgSrettet 6em trataget
og 6e fon1ner paa 2iften ooer benz
ser lite moo foo Me6ictn-Sorbano
ling. Dette er aItiaa en- fulotn6bifle
Tr1ft, ion1 @egieringen agter at fac
f1u1t. @ogen faI begpnoe fgrit'
Mat16ag i SUM-.
St. Paul tidende. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1902-1928, 1906-05-18

@alnatipn Mr,nD bar b9ret @ien=
itan6 for ct boloio1nt Mngreb paa ct
2an6smg6e &bila0elpbia for 9lSlo=
ciate6 CHARITIES an6 Corrections. 6.
9. @olenberger af Minneapolis bnD=
oeoe ct Gore0rag at Mrmeens &egn=
ifaber bar n1ispiien6e og at napnlig
6ens &oleniarbei0e / Sc forifiellige
5tater bar u0en 8etD0ntng. De 60
gibuie, iom Mrn6en far oprettet /
8perne> bar / ingen Senleen6e be0re
en6 6e pribate @ule al lonne slrt,
inarere berre og 0e OrepeS n0eluf=
fen6e for Tortje11eite. Solenbergers
slngreb pofte betpoelig Opiigt, og
boa6e paa Mg0et og / Dogspresien
er Ser fretnfon1net barne SoriDar
for &eren og bens 9lrbei0e.
St. Paul tidende. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1902-1928, 1906-05-18

Please mention this paper when
-..s-,4: NJ, adver<ise,.a
St. Paul tidende. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1902-1928, 1906-05-18
@iuliniiten M1el @fubeaarb, bbiS

+ @ioliniiten g1el @fobsaarb, bDis
@iem er Mtnneapolis, er 6s1ne
Si6 paa en- Sourne Nor0belten og
far blan6t an6re @teoer beiggt
Soma, bbor ban forrige l1ge gieIte6e
@ran6 Sielp College, Sen 6anffe @fo=
lie / Des Moines. Ser gap ban to
&oncerter, ser begge bar go6t beIgg-
te, og 1aa bel @fopgaor6s 1om bans
2eolageres ,Nreltationer rnootoges
n1e0 iterft 8tfalo. S Sonrneen 6el-
toger en- norif @angerin6e, Miis Gle
onora Slien og Hianiiten Miis
@bri1tina gfilsion, ser attompagne=
rer @r. @fobgaar6.
St. Paul tidende. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1902-1928, 1906-05-18


Sens 9racbmann, en- @gn al 9ig,
teren, bar iem befienot lengere
Ei6 opboI6t fig ber Mnnertfa. @an
bar boet / Seem Sort, bbor ban fat
oirfet iom &un1tmaler. ysu omgif-
fes ban meo 8loner ONT at reile til
5ontpicbgerne, bpor ban ifbIge 6e
6anffe 8la6e agtebe at ne6i9tte Jig
lom Malermelter. San bab0e olle,
re0e faftlat Si6en for fin gfreiie og
fipbt &tllet, n1en Sor6ifielpet @an
6rancisco fom / @eien for bans @ej-
leplaner. &an biI fgrlt / @epten1ber
reiie til Sc fierne @tiIIebabsger.
St. Paul tidende. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1902-1928, 1906-05-18

6bcrit Sums 9esg. S set npe
Gourtbus WinneapoIis er Der afiot
ct 2ofale, Ser fol i1npffes me6 8if-
le6er al @eno, iom bar uomarfet
Zig / 8orgerfrigen. @ran6 glrmp-
6e omerifanlfe Geteraner - bar l1o=
in1pfningen UNDER fin 2eoelie og bar
nebiot en- &omit6 til at foreftaa ben,
og 6enne bar benoen6t Jig til Sc for
1fielIige Mationaliteter om at 1aa Bil=
le6er af WfGn6, iom 6e pt1lfeoe at
5e 5orebige6e paa benne Mao6e.
gtorbmanoene bar palgt Sberlt @ans
@egg Ggreren af set ber6n1te uSen1=
te110e @isconiin", og Ser foretages /
6enne Si6 en- Sn6ianling for at til
beiebringe ct 8ille6e al oenne tapre
@oloat> iom fal6t @loget beo @bi-
con1augo. Ser gnifes life n1ir6re 8i=
6rog en6 so Gents og life 1tbrre emo
$1.00, og 8i6ragene ien0es til @bas.
81. 0albp, Iii @boenir 8lbg, Min=
neapolis, Mtnn.
St. Paul tidende. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1902-1928, 1906-05-18

Sra Gan 6rancisco beoblioer
Me66elellerne at lp6e efter SmitGll=
6igbe6erne ret opn1untrenDe. Ser
bol6es go0 Or0en blanot Befolfnir=
gen. og Sun6be0stilltanoen ct upao=
fagelig. @aloonerne bol6eS ftaotg
Iuffe6e, life alene / Bpen, men oglaa
/ Set ti11tp6en6e County. Ser peo=
bliper at fomme mango Benge ino
til &ielp for oe geg61ioen6e, 1nen ST.
6ragene flp6er bog fife laa rtgeligt
mi iom fgr, og &ielpefomiteerne
bar ingen Sperflo6 til &aa0igbeo.
@i61te @gn6og forldb meget roligt>
og Ser bol6tes @uostieneite efter en-
Maoleitof, iom bi6til bar pGrer noe
1ten nfien6t / 8Den. 8pens 8an0~
foripning, baa6e til 9riffepano og
@lufntng, er MI iaa goo tom nogen=
iin6e fpr. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
ionle6e Sab be6 8ran6en er 11l1 op>
giort til $133,441, ,105, al bbilfen
Gum. ca. 50,000>000 faIoer pao
116enlanbffe @elfaber, Ser bar Gtlia=
ler ber / 2an6et.
St. Paul tidende. [volume] (St. Paul, Minn.) 1902-1928, 1906-05-18
bIandt rand$m0nd I Htnerika.
tn sase Huau.)

Grlims 8jprnion, Gieterens @gn
opboloer fig oenne Gio poa @eitfp-
item, bpor ban ifal bol6e II. Maj
Sale Tacoma. San ogter at pen-
De tilboge til Morge / @onmer %
itille fig iom &an6ioat peo pet tom.
menoe @tortingsbalg.
Tabrifant Gefarbt 9. GFeien
&ertb sln1bop, Meouogiper af vgeorb-
lpiet", er / 6enne Sio paa @eiie
@Doebropa. 6orle6en mobtog hi en-
Sillen fra @bropafareren, 6ateret
@ronooa, Spanien, 6en 81. @pril. S
"Norolpiet"s ii6ite Mumer ct en-
inuf @filbring of bans 9feife meb
Sceanoomperen ober Mtlanterbopet.
Smut Sbomien, EN- al 6e melt a,1-
iete 9eor6men6 / 0ecorob, Somo> er
ofgooet 5eo 9g6en, 72 Mor gannneI.
San Tom til Mmerifa 6o bon bar 20
Mor gommel og bar UNDER belle fit
Spbol6 boet / @inneibiet county,
oe iioite SO Mar Decorob. &an bor
beret @ountp @Beriff og befIeot for
Hlellige an1re fomunqle &tlli6s-
boerp> lt9eiom bon / Sen Goreneoe
Norife &irfe bar bat't btgttge @mbe=
Der, San bob6e' ct trofoit norff Gin.
bela9 o9 bar ct iptt9t Meoler1 of
norife Sorenth9er. ..,.
The Tucumcari news. [volume] (Tucumcari, N.M.) 1905-1907, 1906-02-10
poo's NAME is IN DIRECTORY
Fut Down on the List as Robert
Badgero, Waterman"

Robert Badgero, Waterman, 80
West street is the way 1t read in
the Utica city directory, and the won.
an who responded to the bell call told
the man at the door that Bob" was
III.
I'D like to see him." remarked the
caller, for he was in search Of a
Waterman for his establishment.
Here Bob! here Bob" called the
woman, and a lively bull terrier rushed
into the hall.
And then the oma laughed, for
the Robert Badgero in the directory
was none other than Bob" the mas
cot of the Utica & Mohawk Valley
Railway company. who had been list
Cd In he directory as a Waterman"
because that's Just what he was.
Bob is probably the only dog on rec
ora who has his name in a city direc.
tory. He is the property of Milford
Badgero, private secretary of General
Manager Allen of the street railway.
Bob is known by all employees OF the
line, and is always a welcome passen-
ger, who need pay no fare.
A short time ago Bob went to Rome
With the company's claim agent, and
became strayed there. When the claim
agent reached home iJb was there.
!le had taken an earlier trolley.-Puil.
;delphia Public Ledger.
The Tucumcari news. [volume] (Tucumcari, N.M.) 1905-1907, 1906-02-10
Confined Birds,

| have seen a great deal in the pa.
pers about the superior laying that
can be done by birds that have the
run of the farm. Now, | do not believe
that. | think it is better for the fowls
to have the run of the farm, as they
are healthier hat way and also hunt
their W living, eating up the bugs
that would otherwise injure the crops
or the farmer. But for the mere lay.
ing of eggs | think hens in confine-
ment are as good as any. ! find that,
so far as the eggs are concerned, |
get the best results in the latter part
or the winter when the ground is COW
cred with snow and when the hens
would not run If they could. Febru-
airy II March are the best egg
months with me, with April a good
third, but the record in April is not
due TO the fact that the fowls have
the run of the farm. ! am willing to
admit. however, that as hens are
kept on some farms they will not do as
well shut up as running, for the rea-
son that they are stuffed all winter
with an unnatural combination of
foods.
! do not feed my hens in that way,
but see that all through the winter
they have as good feed as they would
get in the summer time. They have
green stuff and all the lime, meat, grit
and the like, they will eat. | try to
give them a bulky food. If they have
that kind Of a food 1t takes them
longer TO do the work of digestion, but
the work is not so hard on the diges-
tive organs. ! am not much in favor
of feeding the fowls only three times
or twice a day, | think If they have a
bulky food they can eat about when
hey want to and 1t will do no harm.
Phoebe Caldwell, Butler Co, Ohio
The Tucumcari news. [volume] (Tucumcari, N.M.) 1905-1907, 1906-02-10

mites. They swarm on fowls when
they are at rest, and more than one
sitting hen has had her life blood
sucked out to such an extent that she
has died lowering her eggs. To fight
these minute creatures it is neces-
sary to have all parts of the poultry
house constructed of matched lumber
and the cracks filled up with some ad-
hesive liquid such as ~whitewash. The
roosts and all nests should be nova
BILE. Nest material must be frequent
ly changed il the mites arc about.
The roosts can be washed with kero-
sene OF sprayed with kerosene emul.
sion.
The Tucumcari news. [volume] (Tucumcari, N.M.) 1905-1907, 1906-02-10

Herewith we illustrate the deadly
chicken mite (magnifed 25 dame
ters). The mite at its natural size
can be readily known and recognized
by means of the naked eye, but a
magnifying glass will make him still
more apparent. These mites are very
destructive to poultry and kill more
young chicks than any other pest.
Their smallness makes them hard to
fight. They multiply with great ra-
pidity, and it Is not unusual t find
all the crevices in a poultry house
h%arDoring these mites. Sometimes a
single crevice will hold ten thousand
The Tucumcari news. [volume] (Tucumcari, N.M.) 1905-1907, 1906-02-10
Girl Is Hunting a Bachelor.

Miss Anita Weston, West Somer.
Vile, Mass. has written to the South
f-akota census department asking to
he put in communication with some
bachelor. She calls attention to a
Tipping showing the preponderance
y men over ONE in South Dakota,
nj says:
at almost takes my breath away to
mink Of all those bachelors out there.
l'ere. it is just the opposite. Now, II
u" bachelors are really so plentiful.
d put me in communication with
sClHc Of them right away.
Consider it your duty as a Chris.
tin, only please don't infer from this
that any man will do"
Census Comm issioner Robinson is
SDlrg his best.
The Tucumcari news. [volume] (Tucumcari, N.M.) 1905-1907, 1906-02-10
Wounds on Fruit Trees.

An eastern fruit grower saws.
Wounds of any considerable size
should be given a coating of paint or
some other durable substance. A suit.
able dressing must possess two dis.
tinct properties. 1t must check the
~weathering of the wound and prevent
the growth of bacteria and fungi and
1t must be of such a nature as not IN
injure the surrounding bark. The
dressing is OF no value in the healing
of the wound, except as 1t prevents
decay. For general purposes. a white
lead paint is most satisfactory. II Is
an antiseptic, and 1t adheres closely
to the wood. Wax, shellac, tallow. etc
are lacking In both respects. Bor,
deaux mixture would be an admirable
material for this purpose II II were
more durable.
The Tucumcari news. [volume] (Tucumcari, N.M.) 1905-1907, 1906-02-10

piest form OF felicitation to the Camp
bells of Cawdor. The tree must be
about five hundred years old. accord
to the most moderate computation, so
that there cannot be very much
freshness" about it at the present
day; but it still has It's roots in the
soil and its stem rises through the
floor of n Of the dungeons. where 1t
may still be seen keeping the ancient
legend in countenance.
The Tucumcari news. [volume] (Tucumcari, N.M.) 1905-1907, 1906-02-10
p%oetorina Trees With Chemical

1--we WIN SHCIIiSdlS'
More than a year ago we called at.
tention to the fact that a certain com.
pany OF men were selling to the farm.
ers a process for doctoring trees with
d compound, says the Far
mers Review. The plan was to bore
n mole in INC tree ana insert in 1t
some Kind of a mysterious compound.
Generally the loading agent of the
company went to the orchard, bored
the hole in the trees himself and in.
serted the compound. He claimed that
tnls would protect the trees from all
hihus or blights and all kinds of in.
sects. He charged for his work so
cents per tree, but literally allowed
the orchardist to pay half down and
the rest some months later. The alb.
surdlty OF the thing should have pre-.
vented from taking up with
the scheme. We published a warning
at the time these men entered the
field.
0oon we began to receive letters
'rom Michigan saying that the agents
were working there and that thou.
SANDS Oh trees were being treated by
them. In a visit to southern Michi.
gan the editor of the Farmers Review.
discussed he matter with many
orchardlsts and with the director of
me suDstation at South Haven. Mr..
farrand as well as other experienced
orchardists warned the fruit dealers to
beware oil the fraud, but the agent had
persuaded so many of them that many
hundreds of orchardists purchased
the treatment from the agent. In one
county alone 10000 trees were treated.
Ihls represented $3.50 of which half
was paid down, the agent thus receiy.
ing $500.
Later a few trees were treated ON
the experimental farm and the com.
pounds were actually taken out and
anaiyZed by the experiment station
men. The compound was found to con.
sist or some very simple chemical, a
which could in no way affect
the health of the tree. The thing was
a swlndle pure and simple. 1t was re.
ported that the agent never returned
10 collect the other so per cent. 1t is
PROBABLE that he never will attempt
10 collect 1t, and it is further probable
that he never intended to collect It.
IL proved a mistake, however, to
allow trees to be treated on the ey.
perimental farm, as 1t gave these
agents an opportunity TO say when
they went to the eastern states to be.
gin their work that the process had
been tried and approved at the Mich.
igan station.
We hope that this lesson. though
costly to the fruit growers of southern
Michigan, will prove of some value TO
other fruit growers that may have the
opportunity to waste their money
upon the same kind of treatment.
The idea is not a new one and has
been worked in various forms in diff.
ferent parts of the country for a great
many years. AS it has proved so OK.
c~eedingly valuable to the men who
claim to know the secret, it is certain
that they or others will continue 10
work 1t from time to time in various
parts Of the country.
The Tucumcari news. [volume] (Tucumcari, N.M.) 1905-1907, 1906-02-10
HAWTHORN TREE THEIR MASCOT
Scottish Family Fears Disaster With
Decline Of Relic,

In two notable cases in Britain the
family mascot Is a tree. The founda-
ton of Cawdor castle, near Marin.
are built round a hawthorn tree, and
there is an ancient tradition to the
effect that the disappearance of this
tree will be a sig4 hat dire misfor.
tunes will shortly ~overwhelm the fam
lily. FRESHNESS to the hawthorn tree
of Cawdor" Is consequently the hap.
The Tucumcari news. [volume] (Tucumcari, N.M.) 1905-1907, 1906-02-10

'O NASoilCly sHOulu DS cSluDllSltu
where the milk from 400 or 500 COWS
cannot be obtained. Fifteen years ago
1t vas believed that a creamery could
be successfully run on the milk from
3OO to $50 cows. That may have been
so at that time, but at the present
tlme the expenses Of running a cream
cry are very much greater than they
were fifteen years ago. The wages Of
men have advanced very much and
creamery supplies have in some cases
oubled in price. The commission
Tor selling butter are larger than they
were, because it costs more to run
the establishments Of the commission
men. 1t therefore requires a larger
volume of milk to produce the same
mount of revenue. Investigations In
the State of Iowa show that a large
number of creameries supplied by less
IMAM 500 cows have been compelled to
suspend operations, due to the fact
mat they could not secure enough milk
to yield them a profit on their bust
ness. 1t Is for the advantage OF the
farmer to have his creamery supplied
by as many cows as possible, for the
reason that the less the cost of max
ing a pound of butter the greater will
be the price Of milk received by the
farmer. Thus in the largest factories
1t costs only one cent per pound for
making butter. This is equal to four
cent per cwt. of milk. In some Of the
smaller creameries it costs as much
as S.O25 for making r !aound Of butter.
Every farmer should encourag his
n~eighhors to keep more COWS il they
are supplying milk to the creamery.
In some cases farmers that are promi.
nent in the production Of milk seem
to have a jealousy in relation to the
matter, they being prominent in that
line. But they should understand that
the more COWS kept the better it is for
them. The other men are not COM
peting with them in the production OF
milk. but are cooperating with them:
what benefits n will benefit the
others. Large creameries seldom fail.
his Is because they are able to sell
all their products to the greatest pos.
sible advantage. They are able to dis
pose of their buttermilk at large prices
because they Can send it in consider.
able quantities to distant markets,
where they can secure permanent Gus
toners. The small creamery is I'M
able to handle such Il trade, and when
they try it they frequently lose 1t be-
cause there m a time when they
are unable to supply the quantity de-
manded.
The very foundation of successful
creamery work is a large milk supply,
and every man interested in the
creamery, whether he be the manager,
butter-naker or patron. should labor
for the increase of the milk supply.
The limited milk supply is the danger
point. 1t is at this point that the
creamery is more likely to fail than at
any other, and II the amount of milk
be too limited to yield a profit on the
returns, no kind Of fine butter-making.
no amount Of skill in selling, and no
measure of cleanliness about the fac.
tory a prevent its being a failure in
the end.
The Tucumcari news. [volume] (Tucumcari, N.M.) 1905-1907, 1906-02-10

Calves that are to be raised should
not be left with the COW more than
twenty-four hours after birth. Feed
them for three weeks with warm,
sweet milk just from the COW, how.
ever, then begin to drop off the new
milk and add gradually sweet
skinned milk. At three weeks of age
the calf will take some bright hay.
Place it in a potato crate near enough
50 that the calf can get at it and yet
not be apt to tip it over. 1t will pre-.
vent bowel troubles and make the calf
grow nicely.
The Tucumcari news. [volume] (Tucumcari, N.M.) 1905-1907, 1906-02-10

Fall pigs are very unpopular with
the farmers. This is because they sci.
dom make money out of the fall lit
tiers. The cause of this failure is the
lack Of facilities for taking care Of
young pigs in cold weather.
The Tucumcari news. [volume] (Tucumcari, N.M.) 1905-1907, 1906-02-10

Scientific dairying requires a close
study of the feeds OF dairy COWS.
The Tucumcari news. [volume] (Tucumcari, N.M.) 1905-1907, 1906-02-10

The fall Is a good time to construct
poultry houses.
The Tucumcari news. [volume] (Tucumcari, N.M.) 1905-1907, 1906-02-10

Moldy hay ehould not be fed 10
dairy cows.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1906-07-27
HEARING POSTPONED.
Justice Criticizes johnson for Disre-
garding Injunction.

Cleveland. o., July 2G.-Mayor Tom l..
Johnson and w. ]. Springbors. director
of public service, appeared before Judge
Ford today to answer the charge of con-
tempt filed against them yesterday by the
officials of the Cleveland Electric Rail
way Co. because they failed to obey an
injunction issued by the court restraining
them from tearing up the tracks Of the
Cleveland Electric Railway i'm Fulton
street
Motions were made to quash the con-
tempt proceedings and Judge Ford decid-
ed that the whole matter should be post
poncd until July 81 in order to have the
merits of the question brought out. The
court held that the mayor should have
observed the injunction when it was serv-
ed and ordered that any further work
in Fulton street cease forthwith. Tho
attorneys for the city promised that the
courts order would be obeyed. Track
laying was begun in Fulton street early
in the day by the Municipal Traction CO.
Daily Kennebec journal. [microfilm reel] (Augusta, Me.) 1870-1975, 1906-07-27
The Ring|eaders Are Arrested and Con-
fined Behind Prison Walls.
Claims It Is Winning RevoIuiionists
ei---ProvsionaI Government Is Urged.

of Parliament were not arrested for
signing the Viborg manifesto, because
that merely would have conferred q
much desired martyrdom on them. but
they would be promptly held RESPONSE
BILE for the slightest attempt to preach
to their constituents seditious doc
trines. such as refusal to pay taxes or
furnish recruits to the army.
\ decision on the question OF a general
strike is still hanging fire. No word has
been received from the Revolutionary
leaders, who were again in secret session
tonight. In addition to other reasons the
conditions in the famine districts is ad-
vanced as a new argument against a
strike. as the peasantry would resent the
tying up Of railroads, upon which, they
are dependent for grain to keep them
from starvation The ministry Of rail-
roads received word Of several attempts
to destroy railroad bridges, and it is be-
lieved that the Radicals are resOrting to
this means to force the issue.