davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Kennewick courier. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1905-1914, 1906-06-15

Charles L. Tucker was electricuted
in Boston last Tuesday morning fol
the murder of Mabel Page, on March
81, 1904.
The electricution Of Chalres L.
Tucker marked the final chapter in the
history of the murder of Mabel Page at
her home in Weston, and also marked
the close of the most desperate legal
battle ever waged in Massachusetts, for
the life of a conviced murderer.
Tucer's case was taken through the
legal windings until it received hear
ingi the supreme court of the United
States. A decision by that court sus-
tanning Their uling of the lower courts
did not discourage fuckers lawyer.
A petition to Governor Guild was pre-
pared and circulated throughout the
state. In short time there were over
lie, ZOO names attached to it.
The Kennewick courier. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1905-1914, 1906-06-15

men were blown to pieces
~ sro others were seriously injured
anu anu the explosion of dynamite plant
os peouea, Pa, along the Susque-
s Ssn, river. The dead are;
poriamin Gebhardt, aged y; Ben]a-
p piner q; George Riner, 20; Fred
nia %. Collins Parker, IS; Phares
nv nv ~. William Funk, 10; John
herman rlar, II; three unidentified men.
DU %sa seriously injured are: Walter
I'm Martin Riner, George Gray,
Ds.rles Cramer and Jacob Shoeff.
o mhe accident was one of the most
,..-;bIe in the history of Lancaster
n uOuntv. The victims were literally
torn Tori to pieces, hardly enough remain
w. of the bodies to make Identified
ton possible.
= Tho cause of the explosion is not
,,ovn Two of the unidentified vic
inns had just started to drive from the
loco with a load of dynamite. They
I'D gone scarcely fifty feet when the
.,ont blew I'D with a defamation that
vas plainly heard Is miles away. A
Great cloud of smoke covered the site
~ the factory and when it cleared
.uav there was not vestige of the
horses wagon or men. Fragments of
human bodies were found hanging to
troes hundred yards away.
The Kennewick courier. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1905-1914, 1906-06-15
Daily Object Lesson.

To the left, gentlemen and ladies',
the Pugilist looms into view. He is
an advocate of physical culture. In
his little rear ballroom, which he calls
his departments" he has two heavy
dum5ells. He raises these to hold
the door open and to tack sporting
autographs upon the wall
Does he work. Yes; bartenders,
mostly. He has never been In a ring
yet, but he hopes to be. The large
bundle Of papers he carries is a pack
age of challenges. He is now on his
way to a newspaper Office to ask for
press notice. The Pugilist is b fine
press agent. He used to drive a cab.
Why does not the Pugilist 60 home1
He is afraid his wife will caress him
with a mop stick. The pasilist de-
rives his name from an old Roman
term applied to man who once bea
forty ducats on four spades and a
diamond and was called.
The Pugilist Is found in all civilized
countries and Chicago.
The Kennewick courier. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1905-1914, 1906-06-15
ODD COLONY in PARAGUAY.

Community Aedeled After Edwar(
1eliany's Looking Backward"
A community which closely approx
mates Bellamy's Looking Backward
is Cosme, a little settlement neal
Asuncion Paraguay, described by VIII
helm Lacmann In the Leipsic Grentz
boten. Equality, democracy and com
muniU of wealth and work are thu
principles on which it was founded In
1884 by split in colony Of Austrian
Immigrants to Paraguay. 1.-THE houses
OF the settlers lie together and form a
small village, and are small, pretty and
clean; they have only one story, and
are built OF boards and shingled or
roored with mazega grass. The ROOT
hangs far over the side walls and II
supported by posts, a detail which al,
lows Tor wide veranda-a most well
come adjunct in the hot weather. On
one side Of the house is small out
building which contains the kitchen
and every house has it's garden. Little
plantations Of sugar cane lie between
the houses and the gardens"
Up to the present the dwelling
houses cover only quarter Of the
space which has been reserved for the
village, and when Herr Lacmann Wis
tied the place there were some twenty
houses occupied and 10S in course of
erection. In time the buildings will
form a great square, which will lie
about a larger open square. In addi-
lion a number Of smaller public places
have been provided for, which will lie,
rs those already in existence, between
the houses. There is an absolute
community Of goods in Cosme, the only
exception being that objects of house
hold or personal use-furniture, cook
Ing utensils, clothing and food-remain
the property of their users When one
enters the colony he must bring his
entire property in, with these excep-
lions. When, however, one wishes to
withdraw he does not receive back the
amount of his contribution, but only
the amount which corresponds to his
share for the last working period"
Everyone must go through a proba.
t1onary period Of one year, and before
this period Is completed no member
ship is obtained nor any contribution
Of goods made. Every applicant upon
entering must pay into the treasury
SIS for each adult member of the fam
lily and .4alf Of this amount for each
child. If then the probationers de-
eide not to remain in the colony their
expenses to Buenos Ayres are paid,
but this Is not done unless the appli.
cant remains in the colony three
months. The only requirements are
that the applicant be strong and
healthy. Under no circumstances an
colored persons admitted"
The Kennewick courier. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1905-1914, 1906-06-15

The senate has confirmed the follow
ing nominations:
Receiver of public money Samuel A.
Wells at Spokane, Wash. Charles A.
Wilson at Great Falls, Mont. John R..
Hilman at Kalispell. Mont.
Postmasters: Idaho - Gracel 81.
Wooiey, Preston.
Washington-W. w. Ward. Day ton !;
F. W. Moller, Oakesdale; w. L. Lem
on, North Yakima; Carrie Newton,
BenWoOd.
w. R. Wilson, register of the land
Office at Bozeman, Mont.
The Kennewick courier. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1905-1914, 1906-06-15

exerted myself in the least degree. AT
times l was weighed down with a feel.
ing of languor and depression and suf-
fered continually from annoying ir.
Irregularities Of the kidney secretions.
l procured box of Doan's Kidney
Pills and began using them. 1 found
prompt relief from the aching and
lameness in my back, and by the time
l had taken three boxes l was cured of
all irregularities"
Sold by all dealers. so cents a box.
Milburn Co. Buffalo, N. Y.
The Kennewick courier. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1905-1914, 1906-06-15
CATS MIRROR TRAPS BIRDS.

Tabby Watches Her Prey and Awaits
the Time TO Jump.
Laconia boasts of a cat which com.
b1neS science with her natural instincts
Of bird-hunting to rather a remarka bic
degree.
Pussy is evidently fond of fresh live
English sparrows. and by experience
doubtless found that they are wary,
au1ck-modoned and hard to catch. She
also has discovered that when she
turns her back toward a flock of spar.
rows in the street they pay little OF
no attention to her and approach quits
closely.
She has also discovered that the
plate-glass show window of a jewelry
store makes an excellent mirror undef
certain conditions of light, and that by
booking toward the window she can
watch the chippies In the street and at
the same time give the birds no reason
to suspect that she Is interested in any.
thing except gold rings and jewelry
display.
The cats method Of obtaining Eng
ilsh sparrow for dinner is to take her
position on the edge Of a good view
Of the reflection in the show window.
Sparrows come along the street every
few minutes, and, although at first
rather shy of the cat, they evidently
observe that she is paying no attention
to them, and gradually work up quite
close to her in their search for food.
Pussy keeps perfectly passive until
one Of the birds happens to stray with
in easy Jumping distance, and then
she turns like a fash and captures
the unlucky bird in an instant.
People who observe the cat for the
first time gazing at the reflection of
tho sparrows obtain an idea that she
herself is being fooled by the reflec-
ton and stop to watch, expecting that
she will finally Jump against the show
window in her efforts to catch the
birds, but they find that they have IN
derestimated kitty's intelligence when
q bird approaches too near the dead
fine.-Laconia, N. a., Democrat.
The Kennewick courier. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1905-1914, 1906-06-15
Wall Paper at Wholesale
Spokane " u
No "a O6
Premier Seldom. Dies.

Richard Seldom, prime minister of
New Zealand, died from heart failure
Sunday afternoon aboard the steamer
Owestry Grange, on which he had EN-.
parked during the morning to return
to New Zealand. The steamer put back
into Sydney. Mr.. Seldom was 81 years
of age.
Mr.. Seddon's death was totally un-
expected. He has been in Australia
since the middle of May.
The Kennewick courier. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1905-1914, 1906-06-15
Wholesale Produce Prices.

! Observation-Disclosures, Coo cwt; cab
bage, $3.50 cwt.; lettuce, zoe lib; rhu-
barb, $1OO crate; onions, soc doz.;
spinach, 75c crate; Walla Walla as
paragus, SC Id; radishes, soc; toma-
toes, 1904 crate; strawberries, $3.50
@3.50; cherries, $1.75@2; Walla Wal
la peas, sc Id; gooseberrles, s1.75Q2
crate; beets, soc doz; new potatoes,
1925 cwt.; California red onions, 2;
carrots, soc doz.
Oranges-$4.00@4.50 box; lemons,
fancy, $475@5 case; dried figs, $50
soc; 10 ID box; figs in bulk, &C Id;
black figs, 10 Id package, soc; Fard
dates, S@9c Id; golden dates, 7@Sc
Id; cranberries, SIS Dbl, IS crate; ba-
nanas, $2.75@3.5O bunch.
Flour-Local, s4@475 Dbl; Mime
sofa, $5.75@6 Dbl.
Butter and Eggs-Fresh ranch eggs,
current receipts, $3.50 case; fresh
ranch, selected, $3.50 case; best cream
cry butter, 22c lb; cheese, twins, 15c
Id; local ranch butter, 21c lb; Califor-
MIA butter, 22c lb.
Honey-$3.25@3.5O; strained honey,
Sc lb.
Sugar-Granulated cane sugar, s5.55
per 100 lbs; beet sugar, $5.o5 per 100
lbs.
Coffee - Common package goods,
s16.25 per 100 lbs.
Seed-Alfalfa, $14 cwt; red clover,
$3.50 cwt; Kentucky bluegrass, $3.50
cwt; timothy, IS cwt; opion sets, SC
Id; white clover, tic.
Wholesale Feed Prices.
Bran, SIG ton; bran and shorts, SIG
OBS ton; white shorts, '$21 ton; corn.
$1.35 cwt; cracked corn, $1.45 cwt;
timothy hay, $2O@22 ton; alfalfa, SIS
ton; rolled barley. s1.3O cwt; whole
oats, $1.6O cwt; chopped oats, $1.65
cwt; wheat, $1.2O cwt; red shorts, SIS.
Wholesale Meat Prices.
Beef-Steers, dressed, 7@Sc lib;
cows, dressed, 5@7Ac Id; mutton,
dressed, 10@12Ac lb; pork, 81 @9c
Id; hams, 13Ac lb; bacon, lac Id; lard,
10@11c lb; dry salt extras, 1OA Ollie
lib; dry salt backs, 11Ac 10; veal, fan
cy, small, TIC; veal, fancy, large, so
sc Id.
Prices Paid to Producers.
Live Stock-Steers, 81 cwt; cows, 50
cwt; sheep $4@5 cwt; hogs, 81 cwt
Hides-Green steers. SC Id; cows, &c
ID; sailed, Nc higher; dry HIDES, 15c
Id; calfskins, green, 1Oc Id; kip, &c Id;
sheepskins, $1@1.25.
Poultry and Eggs-Live hens, 13Ac:
live Spring chickens 2Oc. live rOOSt-
ers, lie; live ducks, lac; live geese,
12c; live turkeys, 16c; dressed hens.
15c; dressed ducks, lac; dressed
geese, lac; dressed turkeys, 1Sc; fresh
ranch eggs, $5@5.25.
Creamery products, +. o. b. Spokane
First grade creamery butter fat,
22Ac.
Feed-Timothy hay, $17@19 ton; al
falfa hay, $1,000; oats, $1.40 cwt
The Kennewick courier. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1905-1914, 1906-06-15
Colonel n. J. LatShaW Dead,

Colonel Henry j. Latshaw, who at
one time represented the Fifth Mis-
souri, district in congress, and who has
been active in Missouri politics since
the civil war, died Sunday night, aged
II years. He was an intimate friend
and associate of the late Colonel Rob-
ert G. Ingersoll and they cooperated
in organizing an Illinois regiment dur
ing the civil war.
The Kennewick courier. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1905-1914, 1906-06-15

Wisely-What? Moved out to Jay
town? Why, just sold my house out
there through an agent to some ole
fool who paid $4,000 more than it was
worth. You may live near it-30(
Damp avenue
Stuk-I do. That's the house
bought.-Cincinnati Commercial-Trib
une.
The Kennewick courier. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1905-1914, 1906-06-15
STATE OF OHIO, CITY OF TOLEDO. ,

STATE OF OHIO, CITY OF TOLEDO, ~
LUCAS COUNTY, Do
FRANK =. CHENEY makes oath that he is
senior partner of the firm of +. J. CHENEY q
Co., doing business in the City OF Toledo, Coun-
ty and State aforesaid, and that said firm will
pay the sum of ONE HUNDRED DOLLARS for
each and every case of CATARRH that cannot be
cured by the use of HALLS CATARRH CURE.
FRANK ]. CHENEY.
Sworn to before me and subscribed in my
presence, this 9th day OF Deem Der, A. D., 1886.
A. w. GLEASON,
(sEAI.l Notary Public.
Halls Catarrh Cure is taken internally, and
acts directly on the blood and mucous surfaces
OF the system. Send for testimonials free.
F. ]. CHENEY & CO., Toledo, o.
Sold by Druggists, 75c.
Halls Family Pills are the best.
The Kennewick courier. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1905-1914, 1906-06-15

The Carter compromise on the state.
hood bill has been argeed upon by the
republican leaders of the senate an6
house. Nothing now stands in the way
Of the admission of Oklahoma and In.
dian Territory as state, and a choice
by Arizona and New Mexico as tc
whether they desire to come in as an.
other state.
The Kennewick courier. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1905-1914, 1906-06-15

Saint-Saens, the famous French
composer, is a many sided man. He
writes the librettos for his own operas,
dabbles in astronomy, zoology and bo-
tanics and has even published a
pamphlet on the relations of plants
and animals, in which his results are
grounded on original Investigations
The Kennewick courier. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1905-1914, 1906-06-15

When we want advice that's helpful,
We must buy it, all agree.
We get nothing good for nothing,
That's not good-for-nothing. See?
The Catholic Standard and Times.
The Kennewick courier. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1905-1914, 1906-06-15

The will of the late John A. Mccall
was recently filed. The estate, &C.
cording to the petition for probate, is
valued at over $4,000 and left entire
~ IN his wife. The will is dated Feb
ruary II.
The Kennewick courier. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1905-1914, 1906-06-15

N. Y, writes:
Seven years ago
l was suffering very
much through the
failure of the kid
neyS to eliminate
the uric acid from
my system. My
back was very lame
and achpd If T over.
The Kennewick courier. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1905-1914, 1906-06-15

Colonel Henry A. Dupont of Will
mington, Del, the powder king has
defeated J. Edward Addicts of gas
fame in the contest for the vacant seat
form Delaware in the senate.
The Kennewick courier. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1905-1914, 1906-06-15

Patrick j. Meehan, the Oldest editor
of Catholic paper in the United
States, having served continuously for
"a years as editor of the New York IT.
ish-American, is dead.
The Kennewick courier. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1905-1914, 1906-06-15

Tommy-How do your pa and ma
work?
Johnny-Like the house and senate;
if one Of 'em passes any bill The other
kills it.-New York Sun.
The Kennewick courier. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1905-1914, 1906-06-15

William j. Bryan has accepted an
invitationto MAKE speech in London
at the Americ n celebration the Fourth
of July.
The Kennewick courier. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1905-1914, 1906-06-15

Berlin. the German capital, pos
sesses more automatic machines than
any other city in the world, and they
are all of some practical benefit and
use
The Kennewick courier. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1905-1914, 1906-06-15

rIrest Vitus' Dance and all Nervous Diseases
FIJI permanently cured by DR.. Kline's Great
INV Nerve Restorer Send for FREE 81 trial
bottle and treatise. DR.. R. H. Kline, Id, 9s1
Arch St., Phila Pa.
The Kennewick courier. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1905-1914, 1906-06-15

When first taken from the mines
opals are so soft that pieces can be
picked off with the fingers.
The Kennewick courier. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1905-1914, 1906-06-15

Mothers will find Mrs. Winslow's
Soothing Syrup the best remedy to use
for their children during teething periosi
The Kennewick courier. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1905-1914, 1906-06-15

It's poor kind of faith that never
feels its need of a father until it gets
dark
The Kennewick courier. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1905-1914, 1906-06-15

You may occasionally get a crumk
Of comfort but the trouble that u
due you coz ,es In loaIes.
The Kennewick courier. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1905-1914, 1906-06-15

You Can Get Aliens Fo0t.Ease EREB.
Write Allen 8. Olmsted, LIE Roy, N. Y, for q
free sam pie of Allen g Foot Ease. It cures
new or tight shoes easy. A certain cure fol
corns ingrowing nails and bunions. Audrug-
elsts sell it. Csc. Don't accept any substitute.
The Kennewick courier. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1905-1914, 1906-06-15

Making wealth common will not
make the ideal commonwealth.
The Kennewick courier. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1905-1914, 1906-06-15

Many man casts his eyes up to
heaven that the world may forget that
his hands are in it's pockets.
The Kennewick courier. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1905-1914, 1906-06-15
SEVEN YEARS AGO.
A Rochester Chemist Found a Singu.
larly Effective Medicine.

William A. Franklin, of the Frank
lin & Palmer Chemical Co., Rochester
The Kennewick courier. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1905-1914, 1906-06-15

Will Assure Denatured Alcohol.
The president has signed the de-
natured alcohol bill.
The Kennewick courier. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1905-1914, 1906-06-15
BLOWN TO PIECES
,,fvfN men met A MOST ROR'
RIBLE DEATH.

of Explosion in a Dynamite
plsnt Near Peauea' pa'' IS NOT
.,v,-Heard IS Miles Away
If Torn Bodies Found 100
Yards Away.
The Kennewick courier. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1905-1914, 1906-06-15
SKIN DISEASES

There Is nothing distressing than itching pc
Ing skin disease and the weather those
who afflicted with skin troubles find the appear Sal
ing and know that they will be through IN
months The blood is heated with matter
the surface the skin be fire. The of ski
nal applications all because they reach trouble
The such treatment be expected do ay the itching
the trouble for awhile but left off
All food taken into the body contains
The Kennewick courier. [volume] (Kennewick, Wash.) 1905-1914, 1906-06-15
ACNE,
letter,
ECZEM A,
PS o R|AS|S.
SALT RHEU M


making of The WAS ALMOST UNBEATABLE
still aH ok with rash
a simply
dh ring s. tamin
and delighted
whenever
however theseo become
the absorbed
EozE1a appears usually with slight rsane the skin followed puues from
generally the back breast though other the body
the blood dries the natural oils the causing dry ve hardened condition
and hkhsads and particularly deab because Of its uns
One the worst skin dises SALT RhEu5
and sometimes the hair falls and scalp
These and all skin
the blood and until this vital fluid
treatment for all skin diseases S. remedy vegetable being
brls
of
of
dupth ebkodand curesal diseases promptly
SIS :: :; : ! s: !; : q:
after drought the prope
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1906-11-29
Jury Returns Verdict OF Guilty
Against N N. Vaughn.
EDITOR OF THE CALIFORNIAN
Attempted to Kill the Editor of the
Eureka Evening Herald" for Fail
ure to Make Retracation for
Article Published.

EUREKA, Cal, Nov. 2S.-M. M
Vaughan was convicted Of an assault
with deadly weapon by jury to-
night in the Superior Court. Vaughan
is editor Of the Californian, week.
ly paper, and last March got into a
controversy with the Evening Her
aid. He is paralyzed and the Her.
aid referred to his infirmity in one
of its articles. Vaughan sent word
that retraction must be made or the
editor of the Herald must fight. A
retracation not being made, he went
In buggy to the Herald office and
asked to see the editor
Niles G. Hyatt, the business man
ager of the Herald, came out, and
Vaughan fired three shots at him,
none of which took effect. Vaughan
was arrested and charged with an as
salt with a deadly weapon, with in
tent to commit murder, When con-
victed Vaughan was recommended to
the mercy of the court.
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1906-11-29
WOMAN IS FOUND.
caruso's Victim is Wife Of Adam
Stanhope.

NE WYORK, Nov. 28.--The Evening
World says today that the woman who
gave her name as Hannah Graham and
who failed to appear in the police court
to prosecute the charge which she
made against Caruso. the Italian ten
or has been found. She is Mrs. STAN
hope, the wife of Adam Stanhope, a
baseball player. the World says:
1t quotes Mrs. Stanhope as saying
that there is no question but what
the insult offered by Caruso was an in
territorial one. She did not know at
the time that the man was Caruso,
she said She did not desire to make
any complaint against the man, but
finally did so because Policeman Cain
said that the had man insulted other
women there that day. and he want
ed to lock him up.
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1906-11-29
Entire City Wiped from the Face
OF the Earth.
OVER FIFTY PEOPLE KILLED
The Explosion Destroyed All the Win
dows in an Adjacent Town and
Blew the Roofs off From the
the Houses.

BERLIN, Nov 2S-One of the most
terrific and disastrous explosions oc-
CURED near Witten, Westphalia, this
evening, when the "Roburit' factory
exploded, and nearly wiped the entire
village off the face of the earth. Many
persons are reported killed, although
the exact number cannot be given to-
night. An investigation made later
tonight states that at least fifty per-
sons were killed and over a hundred
wounded, many of whom will die from
their injuries. So great was the ex-
plosion that it demolished a number
of buildings in the immediate vicinity.
broke nearly every pane of glass
throughout the village. Reports from
nearby towns state that the shock was
so great that it broke many windows,
and the adjacent town of Amen re-
ports all the windows in the town
broken and many houses unroofed.
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1906-11-29
CORDIAL RECEPTION.
cAruso, italian Opera Singer, Given
Ovation.

NEW YORK. Nov. 2s.--EnrIco Cn-
russo. the Italian opera singer. was
given cordial reception tonIgh, when
he appeared for q few minutes af-
ter tho curtain went up In In Bohcme
at the Metropolitan opera house. The
only suggestion OF diaapproval was
mild kissing from different parts Of
the house After few seconds this
was hushed The applause was the
strongest In the galleries where many
Italians and Frenehmen were seated.
After his first solo. Caruso was given
an ovation and bowed his appreciation.
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1906-11-29

by two women. who were horrfcd a
tho method Of killing the Presidents
Thanksgiving turkeys. Zachariah Clay,
ton, superintendent OF the Wisconsin
Humane Society, has written the fol-
lowing letter to President Roosevelt:
Honorable Theodore Roosevelt
Washington Dear sir.-~My attention
has been called 10 the manner In
which the turkeys nre killed for the
Thanksgiving dinner at the White
House, For humanity's sake kindly
countermnnd TINT method OF killing.
tSigned) "zAcHARiAH CLAYTON"
The way OF killing turkeys for the
Thanksgiving dinner at the white
House as performed by Hiram vose
Of Rhode Island. In 70 slit the roof
Of the birds mouth with sharp
knife. hang II up by the feet TO bleed
to death. and pluck the feathers rap
Idly as the bird struggles and dies.