davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
, 1906-11-19
LARAMIE AND ~WHEATLAND.

Clipped from the Wheatland World.
Miss Bessie Chaplin took the flyer
Wednesday for Cheyenne. She will
visit friends and relatives at the CAPT,
tai city and at Laramie.
Thomas McFarlane of Owen is at
Laramie this week receiving medical
IL treatment. Mr.. McFarlane has been
on the ailing list for some time.
Mr.. and Mrs. William Atchison Of
Laramie returned home Saturday from
the Pacific coast states, where they
spent several months visiting and
sightseeing.
, 1906-11-19

Prof. n. Z. Hansen of the South Da-
ment of agriculture has made a find
that will doubtless be of vast benefit
to the entire arid region. On the
steppes OF northern Siberia he discov-
cred a variety of alfalfa that will with
stand the biting winter frosts of the
arid regions of the northwest, where
the winters are bitter cold. The alfalfa
Prof. Hansen has discovered has a vel
low flower instead of a blue. 1t is a ma
tive of the dry steppes of Siberia and
grows well where the mercury falls to
SO Or 40 below zero. The country is eX-
ceedingly dry and yet the new alfalfa
, 1906-11-19

Hearst did not get a very good run
Tor his money after all. 1t cost him
S256.370 and Hughes only 1913. Hearst
sper. about thirty cents for every vote
he received, while Mr.. Hughes spent
eight cents for each one hundred votes.
There are some things the American
people will not sell and Mr.. Hearst is
discovering the fact
, 1906-11-19
KIDNEY TROUBLES
Increasing Among Women, But
Sufferers Need Not Despair
THE BEST ADVICE IS FREE

Of all the diseases known, with which
the female organism is afflicted, kidney
disease is the most fatal, and statistics
show hat this disease is on the increase
among
, 1906-11-19
COLES HOT BLAST HEATERS
FOR SALE AT HOLIDAYS. S5t2


Write for illustrated booklet descrip-
tive of this superb winter resort. Very
railway. T. e. FISHER,
General Passenger Agent. Denver.
, 1906-11-19

is an excellent forage plant. Prof. Han
zen has secured the seed and it will re-
ceive a thorough test soon by the de
partment.
, 1906-11-19
MINING
FRAUDS
CONTINUED from rag, IL

string to do such work, before a board
similar in powers TO the medical boards
and law examiners. Such a course is
a step in the right direction. Time was
when any man might practice medicine
and law. but the modern boards act as
a safeguard to a certain extent against
cLarlatans and fakirs in these profes.
sions, and in Europe many of the tech
meal professions are under similar re.
strictions, and the public thereby ben.
Gifted.
, 1906-11-19

Daily Republican. SO cents a month.
, 1906-11-19
UNION PACIFIC TIME TABLE.
West Bound.

In effect at the Laramie station at
the present time:
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-03-25

buy wheat at their own price, and this
draws buyers away from Liverpool and
Hull. This affects Liverpool quotations,
which are regarded as barometer for
the world. London! is congested oftener
than it is bare Of supplies.
London buyers of cargoes can be
classed among the shrewdest buyers in
the world. They have got to be to con-
tinue in business, for. they buy months
before the stuff can arrive, and do not
hedge their purchases, as is the custom
in America. This means that they buy
at very low figures and with every pos.
sible chance Of variation Of grade OF
condition in their favor. The result is
apparent in the London market, where
as has already been said, spot stuff can
be bought cheaper; than stuff to arrive
in part due to relatively cheap pur.
chases. al
The influence exerted on the other
grain and -four markets Of the world il
Eunquestionably bearish.
THE Baltic, Exchange.
The Baltic occupies new and mag
nifcent building in short stree
called st. Mary Axe, not far from til,
Bank of England, or .4tthe bank" al
it is COMMONLY called.
The exchange room of the Baltic il
handsomer than that of the Minneap
oils Chamber of Commerce, which i
the finest in America with the sexcep
tion Of the New York Stock exchange
Furthermore, there is comfortable
readingroom, with all the London dali,
and weekly papers and books of trad
statistics. There is also, in the base
ment, lunchroom, for which the ex
change room is sometimes nearly de
serted at the noon hour
In passing and by way Of contrast
| cannot refrain from mentioning tn
entire absence of 8 cuspidors, or any
apparent need of them, on the splendi
hardwood floor Of the beautiful ea
j change room, Nor are there any ne
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-03-25

to care for dead ancestor than live
one. We saw one coffin that had cost
$4,000; it had been in the building for
sixteen years and had been moved from
one apartment to another, cheaper one
being chosen each time as the resources
Of the family declined. In some cases
the families have become SO poor that
they can neither pay rent nor buy a
burying plot: =
There is also at Canton an ancestral
hall where for a specified sum the
name of an ancestor may be inscribed
on little wooden tablet; incense is
also burned here, too. Foreign resi-
dents relate instances where servants
have spent three years income in
burying parent, the money being
borrowed and gradually repaid from
the earnings. Besides the first cost
Of burial, there must be frequent Pill
grimages to the grave. It is within
the bounds Of truth to say that the
money expended in elaborate funerals
in sacrifices to the dead, and In pc
riodical piIgrimages to tombs woule
have gone far toward the educating
and enlightening Of each rising gen
[ 0raC1On-Auu WHO WILL soy ehoo .ASoPCo'
| for the dead can better be shown py
formal ceremonies than by a proper
regard for the welfare of the descend
| antss ". N...>
: =. 3
The tombs. of the royal family ART
always objects Of interest to the tour
list. The most famous Of these tomb'
are north Of Peking and so near to tn
great wall that they are usually Wis
tied at the same time, three or fou
days being required for the trip
There are other tombs Of legs renowl
still nearer to Picking, while Hle toni
Of the first emperor Of the Minss
dynasty is just outside the walls O.
Marking. Some Of these tombs ar
mere masses, of masonry now, but al
were once richly carved, The avenue
leading up to these tombs are line'
with large stone figures Of men an
animals. These are arranged in pairs
one on either side of the road-tw
huge warriors, two priests, two ele
plants standing, two elephants kneel
ing, two = camels standing and tw
kneeling, two horses standing and, tw
kneeling, and lions, bears and othe
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-03-25
and the Baltic Mercantile and Shipping Boa,

Russian wheat, which is shipped in
bulk, is bought by sample. There can
be no well-defned grades, owing to
lack Of terminal elevator facilities in
Russia and to the primitive ways Of
gathering enough wheat together to
make up cargo.
Nor is the custom of buying by SAM
pie anywhere near satisfactory. For
example, a grain exporter has part Of
a cargo of wheat, or other grain, made
up. He sends sample to London
buyers which may fairly represent the
quality Of the whole. But to fill out
his cargo he may be compelled to take
what comes along after his sample has
been made up. This may be inferior
to the average, and so reduce the quail
| ity of the whole. How such differences
are adjusted will be touched upon
| later.
London buys wheat from India "on
standard, and the grain is shipped in
bags. Eight or ten exporters in In
dia control the trade of that country.
London importers buy a cargo of In
dian wheat for, say, May-June ship.
! ment, at an agreed price. The i'm.
/ porters have no idea Of what the quail
ity Of the wheat will be, altho there
are certain established grades and va.
rieties in India, such as No. 2 club
Calcutta, and others. The importer
however, buys his wheat, whatever va.
riety it may be, GAO" That is
fair, average quality" The stand
ard, which serves for basis, is made
up by the Corn Trade association.
Argentine wheat is also bought
"F.A.Q.,o or more strictly, subject te
fair, average quality terms or agree
ment. But, furthermore, it is bought
by sample and to be Of a certain nat
ural weight. Should it fall below thi.
weight more than certain ALLOWANCE,
for shrinkage, the contract is not void
but the buyer is allowed the differenc,
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-03-25
PECULIAR BUSINESS METHODS OF THE LONDON GRAIN EXCHA
% 4"'~=
Is adjusted by the Corn Trade associa.

as adjusted by the Corn Trade assoeia-
ton.
American wheat is bought on certifi-
cate of inspection of the exchanges
Duluth, Chicago. New York or Phila-
delphia. Canadian wheat is bought ON
government inspection.
It is very apparent that there must
be wide differences to adjust in grain
bought in distant countries, where it is
impossible to have established grades.
Until the formation of the London Corn
Trade association there was continual
and almost endless arbitration. Now,
the contracts Of the association are
generally acknowledged, and its adjust
ment of differences is final.
The three most important features Of
the work of the association are, the
devising of contract which could be
adopted. by the trade; arbitration and
adjustment of all differences, and the
collecting Of samples from every cargo
shippedfrom any port in the world, and
by means of these, establishing stand
ards and grades. These form the basis
for adjusting differences.
For instance, samples of the grain in
every cargo shipped from Black sea
poi 70 diC, ny arrangement Win the cap
tains of vessels, secured by the associa-
ton. Some from each sample is then
taken and mixture formed which
shall be the standard Thus a grade is
established, each month, which pur-
chases by importers must match. When
a cargo arrives in London, the associa-
ton secures sample or samples. which
are compared with the standard SAM
pie. If the cargo falls short, the i'm.
porter is allowed such difference as a
committee of arbitration of the asso-
citation may decide upon. This adjust
ment is final.
Samples of shipments from India are
likewise secured, and fair, average
| quality standard is established each
month. So it is with exports of grain
from all ports of the world, excepting
America and Canada, which lead the
world in their advanced methods Of
grading and handling grain.
-Rollin E. Smith.
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-03-25

world wherever grain is sold for ex-
port. It is, in fact, the court Of last
resort in the matter of prices; for Lon
don buys the surplus from the heaped-
up and running bins Of the
world. It is fact that wheat, and
flour, too, can usually be bought cheap
er IN Mark Lane than it can, freight
added, in America, Argentina, Russia,
India or Australia. The reason for
this is that London has no elevators,
and only limited storage facilities for
grain; it is a consuming market, and
stuff must be sold and moved along on
arrival. London, therefore, represents
the bedrock price basis, altho this fuc-
tuates from time to time, regardless, Of
other conditions, as arrivals are heavy
or light.
Mark Lane is both a street and a
market. It was originally called
"Mart Lane;' and, indeed it is only a
lane now. It received it's name during
the reign Of King Edward L, in 1885.
| Yet its corn or grain market was
established only about IT'S years ago.
The first building for market was
erected in 1747, and was the result of a
compromise between the Essex farmers
and factors who met in Oldgate, and
others who met in market in Thames
street. This building was but an open
quadrangle; no roof sheltered those who
traded within it's walls.
Modest Quarters.
The present home Of Mark Lane is
rather an unpretentious building, il
Mark Lane street, and was erected il
1879. The trading room is large ane
well lighted, but not heated. In the
winter months the members wear over
coats. Probably half those on thu
floor wear silk hats, tho their trousers
may bag at the knees.
4 Large samples Of grain are displayed
in bags, in the trading room, or ex
1 change. One may see here samples
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-03-25

temple of the 500 gods. They repre-
sent sBuddhistic saints, are life size
and each has an incense urn before
him. One Of the gods has very long
arm. he being the one who puts the
moon up at night; another represents
saint who cut open his breast and
exposed an image of Buddha to prove
his fidelity to the faith.
who has conducted travellers thru the
city for more than forty years and has
brought up his SONS to the same pro-
fession. I mention his name for the
benefit of any readers of these lines
who may chance to visit, as every tour
ist should, this most Chinese Of Chinese
cities. ~. -, =. *. VA, II
=, !, j. + !.
There Is in; the vicinity Of Picking
a temple with several thousand i'm
/ ages Of Buddha, but they are small
and made Of clay, the original bronze
images having been, carried away by
the foreign troops during the Boxer
troubles. = s:-,.s g.
| Close to the walls Of the city Of Pc
king stands what is called the Yellow
Temple, a rare work Of art. The
/ carved figures representing incidents
in the life of Buddha are very skill
fully. wrought and one cannot hello
feeling indignation at the vandalism
Of the foreign soldiers who, during thu
Boxer troubles, defaced this ancien
monument. By far the most impress
sive and elaborate religious structur.
in China is the Altar of Heaven, no
far from the city Of Picking. It wa
built under the Ming dynasty 50(
years ago and is still visited twic
each year by the emperor, who her
offers sacrifices to heaven. The sac
rifcial altar is built entirely Of whit
marble. It is a triple circular terrace
the base being a little more than 20
feet in diameter, the middle terrac
$50 feet and the top terrace nearly 10
feet, each terrace being inclosed by
beautifully carved balustrade. I
stands about eighteen feet high, an
i the emperor, ascending to it alone
4 kneels at midnight and as the repre-
sentative Of the whole people makes hi
: offering to heaven. A bullock withou
blemish is used as the offering on thes
occasions. In architecture the alta
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-03-25


anese not to trespass upon the grave
yards at Mukden, where a number Of
Manchu, emperors aare buried. l. The
graves Of the, MASSES are, as sacredly
altho distinguished merely by
a cone-shaped mound. In the neigh
borhood Of the large cities the ceme-
teries cover nlanyssquare miles, and as
they@are constantly added to and never
diminished, they occupy an everin-
creasing area. Insthe agricultural dis
tricts the burying grounds are scattered
thru the fields, each family having it's
own plot. Sometimes when the family
has died out, the mound is neglected
and the coffin. is. exposed. At Shang-
hal and at Marking we saw "a number
of collins standing in the fields, never
having been covered.
- + +, H..
The temples sof China are interest
ing, but are generally in a state Of
decay. The Confucian temple at Pc
king is. visited once "a year, when sac
rifces are made 4 to China's supreme
sage. The courfof the temple is filed
with gparled and knotted cedars of
great age, in which colony Of crows
was chanting a requiem when we were
there. There: are2 also in the court
numerous tablets Of marble, each rest
ing on the back of a stone turtle and
bearing Inscriptions; there: are other
tablets bearing quotations from the
writings of Confncius
At Canton our guide took us to the
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-03-25

reminds one of the Greek structures,
while some Of the features of the cere-
mony recall the rites Of the Israelites
as described in the Old Testament.
Near to this altar is pagoda, stand
ing upon another triple but smaller
marble terrace; it is popularity known
as the Temple Of Heaven. Here on
the first day of the Chinese year the
emperor offers his supplications to
heaven for blessing upon the year.
This is the most graceful and SYM
metrical pagoda in the empire, if not
in the orient, and no one who visits
the capital should fail to see it. Both
the altar and the temple are sur
| rounded by a high wall, and the in
closed court is shaded by veteran
cedars.
While Buddhism has been regarded
as the religion of China, Taoism has
also influenced the thought of the ma
ton. It teaches the existence of spir-
its, but hos. degenerated into supersti-
ton and the attempted Cancellation
of evil spirits. . For instance, before
each official residence and before
many private residences will be found
a wall higher and wider than the
front door, the purpose Of x. which is
to keep out the evil spirits, which are
supposed to travel only in straight
line. When a building is to be made
more, than two stories high, punches
Of leaves are often tied to the top Of
the poles used for scaffolding to de-
ceive the evil spirits and. make them
believe that it is forest instead of
a building, they being supposed to be
hostile to high buildings. After the
roof is on, however, the building is
safe, but the ridge pole must curve up
at the ends to keep the spirits from
descending. Boys are very much at
a premium in China, because the duty
Of guarding the grave devolves upon
the oldest son. If man loses a boy
or two, he sometimes dresses the next
boy like girl in order to deceive the
spirits, for a girl is, or at least used
to be, beneath the notice Of even evil
spirits. A very intelligent Ch;naman
, explained the disinclination of the or.
binary Chinaman to rescue drown
}, ing man on the ground that if the evil
; spirits were trying to drown the man,
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-03-25
|, Copyrighted, 1905, by Rollin 2. Smith.)

" london, March 24.-There are two
distinct branches Of the grain
trade in London, and two markets
or exchanges. Mark Lane, in Mark
Lane street, originally known as the
Hcorn market,' is the market for
.spot stuff; that is, grain or -four
on the lpot, in vessels just arrived or in
warehouses on the docks. The trans
actions IRE all Of jobbing nature-in
- parcels'' consisting 1000 to 10000
or more sacks (2S0 pounds) Of flour,
or 900 bushels and upward Of grain.
The other market is the "Baltic,'
i.e., the Baltic Mercantile & Shipping
Exchange. This is 'tthe home of float
ing eargoes,' and it's members buy
grains, and other products in the mar
kets Of the world, for shipment to Lon
don in cargo lots. The entire cargo,
however, is not necessarily all the prop
erty Of one house.
There has evolved from the Baltic
grain market, of necessity, the Corn
Trade association, which is probably
one of the most perfect-working and
useful trade organizations in the world.
tt has established uniform contracts
for use with the different grain export
ing countries, it fixes the standard Of
grades, except with America and Can.
ada, and arbitrates all differences be,
tween buyer and seller.
No ..Futures.''
There is no future" market in Lon
don similar to the pit Of the Chicago
Board Of Trade, the Minneapolis Cham
her Of Commerce and other American
exchanges. Both the Baltic and MARI
Lane had future markets, where hedg
ing and speculative trading was done
until some four or five years ago, or un
til America ceased to be a large export
ar of wheat. American wheat was a
that time the basis for trading. Now
Argentine or "Plate /" wheat is tn,
standard both in London and Liverpool
Mark Lane, the grain and -four mar
ket or exchange. is known around tn
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-03-25

tees cautioning one to "read the ordi-
nance'
The hours Of the market at tie Bal
tic are from 10 until 4, but the mar
ket is in reality from IL until the
members get ready to 60 home, which
may be 6 o'clock. There are no limi-
tations on the hours of trading. Il
cargo arrives late at night it may
be sold over the telephone early in
the morning. Likewise, business may
be transacted in the evening, or on
Sunday, without any bothersome re-
strictions such as American exchanges
hedge their members about with.
A Progressive Market.
Altho many features Of the London
grain trade show tendency to cling
to old customs, there is something of
uptodateness about the Baltic that
must impress the stranger. Perhaps
it is the beautiful building, or posi-
bly, that the rooms are comfortably
heated-a great treat in London-o1
that the members are we'll dressed and
businesslike in appearance. Or it may
be all these combined. At any rate
81 was not surprised to learn that one
of the business houses which has forged
to the front rapidly during the last
few years is composed Of young men
This house Is large importer Of Rus
sian, Argentine and Canadian wheat
and it is pleasing to see young mer
taking leading part in this old an6
hide bound-in-its-customs city of Lon
don.
When cargoes 100000 to 175,OOt
bushels) of grain arrive in London the,
are within the jurisdiction, SO to speak
of Mark lane, for then they becom.
.spot stuff. - But when they are pur
chased at some foreign port and ar,
en- route they are the property O.
members of the Baltic and are subjec
| to the rules and contracts of the Lon
don Corn Trade association, alread.
| referred to.
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-03-25

they would resent and punish any at
tempt to save him.
But more potent than either Bud
dhism or Taoism has been the influence
of Confucius and his commentators.
This great philosopher was born ssh
B. c., and Mencius, his greatest disci-
pie, nearly 200 years later. The moral
principles discussed by them were
not presented as original conceptions,
but rather urged as the principles OF
previous emperors whose lives were
regarded as ideal. In another article,
in the discussion of China's awaken
ing, I shall speak of the ethical teach
ings of Confucius, but it is worth
while to note at this time that his
utterances with regard to government
fall far short of the generally accepted
doctrines of today. While he insisted
that rulers owed certain duties to their
subjects, and were good or bad IN pro-
portion as they set an example OF virtue
an, governed wisely, he did not init
mate that the people have either the
right to, or the capacity for, self-gov-
eminent. His doctrines support the
| idea that classes are necessary, the SUI
| perior'' people governing and teaching,
| the rest doing the manual labor.
| + + +
Confucius taught that those who
were not in office need not concern
themselves about the administrator
of the government doctrine which
paralyzed the patriotism OF the masses
and invited abuses on the part OF the
officials.
| The system BY which officials were
chosen was also calculated to breed
selfshness and indifference to the pub
lie veal, as well as to impede progress.
! The course Of instruction, as before
stated, contemplated merely the memoir
ling of the Chinese classics, composed
of the sayings of the sages, poetry and
Chinese history.
The aspirants for honors were not
required to think for themselves, to
understand the problems of their gem
Grafton or to know anything Of the
science of government. To compose a
good essay upon what Confucius said,
upon what Mencius thought, or upon
what Shun of Wan or Woo did was
sufficient. This naturally chained each
generation to the past and locked the
door to advancement.
The successful candidate felt that
his appointment was due to his own
merit and that he was under no obj
cation, to anyone except the members
of his family who had furnished tho
money necessary to enable him to
take the various examinations.
Neither the securing of the office nor
the retaining of it rested upon his
ability to devise wise policies or upon
his interest in the people at large. The
emperor with unlimited power was
above him, and the people with unlim-
tied patience were below him.
In later years the examinations have
sometimes become a farce and rank
has been offered to the highest bidder,
bidding being encouraged by an init
nation that this might be the last
chance. But even when honestly con-
Quoted the civil service of China was
not calculated to develop the official OF
to secure good, wise and progressive
government.