The ranch. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1902-1914, 1906-01-15

milk from them. Since this latter ex
pertinent is still in progress it will
not be considered any further than the
simple mentioning of it.
In the first experiment, which was
carried on in order to test the results
of allowing certain calves to run with
aud nurse their dams, and to keep GER
tain other calves away from the dams
and feed them only sterilized milk, in
Nolved the selection of nine calves, all
born from tuberculous parents. These
calves, for the sake of keeping them
distinct and separate, were numbered
81, 5S, SO, so, 81, 81, 63, ga, and 65
Nos. 81 to 81 inclusive were permitted
to run with and suck their tuberculous
mothers. The other four calves, Nos
62 to So inclusive, were removed i'm
mediately after birth and kept en-
tirely away from their tuberculous
dams, the milk having, however, been
first heated for thirty minutes and
then cooled All the calves of the
experiment were tested every three
months The five calves selected for
the frst part of the experiment were so
selected because they were with the
herd before it came into our possess
ion, or were born before the expert
ment was planned, consequently there
was some difference in the ages OF this
first group. The check group, how
ever contained calves of nearly uni
form age. OF the check group of
calves, two, Nos. 81 and 60, were not
very strong when born and because OF
being fed on heated milk which is
somewhat harder for them to digest,
they did not thrive and died at two
months of age. Upon pOst-mortem eX-
animation no evidence of tuberculosis
was found in either of them The re-
naming two calves in this group re-
ceived, until they were old enough to
eat hay and grain, milk from their
tuberculous mothers, which milk, how
ever had been heated as above men
toned.
On December 9th and 10th the calves
were tested with tuberculin but none
of them reacted. On April 9Th and 9th
all the calves were tested and none OF
them reacted to the test. They were
given the third test in July In this
test all of the calves running with tu-
berculouS mothers reacted, while those
which had been kept separate gave no
sign of reaction to the tuberculin test.
It is to be noticed here that during
this time the isolated calves which
were receiving milk from their tuber-
culous mothers, through some mistake
of the attendant, received unheated,
tuberculOus milk, for a period OF two
weeks. Now these calves that reacted
to this tuberculin test had been run
ming with the tuberculous herd since
their BIRTH the periods of time vary
ing from one year to eight months.
The youngest calf was about eleven
months of age when he first reacted,
while the oldest calf was fourteen
months old. On October 28th and 18th
of the same year they were retested.
At this time two calves, Nos. 81 and 81,
running with the tuberculOus COWS,
failed to react In order that the &C
curacy of this test might be immedl-
ately determined, No. 81 that did not,
and No. 81 that did react, were slaugh-
tered and Immediately examined.
Post-mortem of steer calf No. 81:
This calf was killed October 30, 1904.
The body was we'll nourished and prac-
tically in good enough condition to
make old veal or young beef. A very
careful examination revealed small,
invested tuberculous nodule in the
anterior lobe of the lung. This tuber-
culous nodule was about the size OF a
pea and fully calcarious. A few cal
carious tubercles were found in the
posterior mediastinal Emphatic glands.
This calf had then, at some previous
time, been affected with tuberculosis
that it had contracted either through
it's close association with the tubercu-
lous COWS or from sucking it's tuber-
culous mother, or in both ways, since
tuberculosis was found both in the
lungs and in the intestinal glands. Yet,
since the middle of July to the last OF
Octohar three months time it had