The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1906-12-28


When pigtails and school, were her
fash ion, Penelope was always awak-
ened from Incidence by the possession
OF a new textbook, its resplendent
cover, its crisp, clean pages the in
centives to an ambition that the dis
carded old. volume could never have
called, FORTH, e.. ,-.. a.. .:.-.
In Just such manner the Great
Teacher stimulates the grown-up
Penelope to new thought, new pur.
pose, new endeavor. by again and
again placing bran new year in her
eager hands. 49, ''f =
The new-year idea is almost as old
and universal as the instinct of i'm
mortality, but the first of January has
not always been. the starting point
for the procession of months, and
even now by no means the whole
world follws the Gregorian calendar.
The ancient Egyptians. Phoenicians
and Persians began their year on Sep
TENDER %, the Greeks of Solon's time
on December 81, and the Greeks of the
Pericles period on June q.
From Julius Caesar on, the Roman
civil year commenced January /, but
the Jewish ecclesiastical year had al
ways begun at the vernal equinox,
March Is, and this spring opening
day-of bud and blossom and uni
versal opefulness-became the hon.
ored one with Christian nations gen.
orally throughout the medieval
period
In the latter end of the eleventh
century, England, which had strange
ly enough been starting it's annual
records on December Is, began quite
accidentally to pay homage to the old
Roman divinity Janus, for by chance
William the Conqueror's coronation
took place on the first of January, and
the birthday of the Norman rule be-
came the birthday of the year as we'll
Remembering the loyal old Saxon spir-
tt-cOnquered but not tamed-we are
not surprised to learn, however, that
soon the inhabitants of England fell
into the more general habit of indulg-
ing in new-year festivities upon the
25th of March.
The Gregorian calendar, formulated
in 1882, restored January as New
Years day. The Catholic countries
enthusiastically accepted it, but the
it was not until 1852 that conservative
England fell into line
The ancient Romans honored the
whole Of January by offering sacri-
fees on IL affairs to the god with two
faces, whose namesake the month
was.
Janus am I; oldest of potentates;
Forward look, and backward. and be-
low
I count, as god of avenues and gates,
The years that through my portals
come and go.''
While the whole month was kent.
the first day was the gala occasion.
Litigation was suspended, reconcilia-
lions effected, impressive professions
made to the capitol, offerings laid on
the affairs, the emperor surprised by
magnificent gifts, visits exchanged
everywhere, feasts spread in hospit-
able houses, streets ringing with
laughter and music of masuueraders
The giving of New Years gifts was
not confined to old Rome. The Per
SLAMS always exchanged New Years
eggs, and it was the pretty custom of
the Druids to give a sacred sprig of
mistletoe to the faithful on their New
Years morning, while the bestowing
of presents upon the monarch became
an absolute obligation.
Queen Elizabeth, the peoples favor
tie, was simply showered with New
Years contributions-"gold for her
purse, chains, necklaces, bracelets.
rings, embroidered gowns and man
ties, petticoats, smocks, stockings and
carriers; and for the royal .larder, fat
oxen, sheep, geese, turkeys, swans,
:capons, fruit, preserves, marchpanes
and sweetmeats." st. 49,. ", : .,,<:s*:
But soon this custom was regarded
as a tax rather than privilege. and
during the rule of the austere Crom,l.
well it died "a natural .death--neyer
bobbing up again to make q popular
bow, as sometimes happens to q dead
stage hero recalled to life by the audi.
ence's applause. : ..2.s ~. "a l. s.. I
Closely associated with the new
year season is the wassail bowl, its
name derived from the old: Saxon
phrase: ' ss,f Wass Hael-ttTo your
health!" Ill., g. 'zes ts 55 !.
Until Queen Elizabeth's reign, 8 one ne
wassail loYeSup was handed n about
the charmed circle gathered round tire
/ great bowk but afterward} the health
was more chemically, III II less q pic
turesdue drunk n 1ndi yidual cups.
The poor carried an immense WOOD
Zen bowl. deco rated with gay ribbons
around the 3 neighbour begxina
small coin to pay for the precious III
Egredients that made up the testify,