davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-12-12
The Era Of Naval Leviathans

The advent to the high seas of the
British battleship Dreadnought marks
the beginning Of what may be called
the leviathan era in naval architecture,
The first effect Of British success in
Introducing new type is naturally the
arous1ng of spirit of emulation among
Great Britain s nearest rivals on the
sea, the United States, Germany and
France. Germany, indeed, is Fastening
the construction Of new .preaanoughts.
the secrets Of whose construction are
carefully guarded.
A second and less obvious effect of
the arrival Of the leviathan era is due
to the great draft necessary for such
huge battleships. Great draft means
deepwater harbors. =, It is at this point
that Germany's difficulties begin to
increase. Germany has very few deep
water harbors, while Great Britain has
many. The only naval harbor Germany
has on the North Sea is Wilhe1mhaven,
which is continually filling with silt.
The Baltic harbors, on the other hand,
are rendered inaccessible for battleships
destined to fight against England or
France by the necessity Of going thru
the Danish channels. It will cost $780,
100000 to enlarge the Kiel canal suffi-
GENTLY to permit the .Teuton Dread
noughts to pass thru it. Moreover,
navigation thru the Kiel canal is so
slow and irksome that it often con-
sumes as much time az the longer but
freer passage thru the Cattegat. The
canal has, in short, proved neither the
commercial nor the naval success that
it was planned to be.
Considerations like these cause Ger
many to cast covetous eyes upon Hol-
land and Denmark, with their fine har-
bors. Holland especially is desirable
to the kaiser and his people, who would
make great sacrifices if only the Dutch
could be brought into the German union.
If the Zuyder Zee were a German lake
and if the Dutch coast were patrolled
by Teuton .Dreadnoughts, the situation
for Great Britain would be most threat
ening. It would be as if Germany held
pistol at England's head, entailing
perhaps CONSUMPTION upon the people
of the tight little island and certainly
making enormous naval expenditures
necessary.
Just as we hold firmly to the Monroe
doctrine as a settled principle Of ma
tional policy, so Great Britain holds to
her naval doctrine, which demands that
she maintain her supremacy on the sea
by accepting the,sgage Of battle that
any lesser naval power may throw
down. It is that doctrine which causes
her to build two or three battleships
for every one added BY q lesser power.
She undetermined be stronger navally
than any two Of her rivals. It will
be seen therefore that the success Of
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-12-12
THE MAGAZINES

New journal Of the American Society
for Psychic Research.-The first number
of the journal of the American Society
for Psychic Research. is just out. Its
issue marks a change in psychic research
In this country. Hitherto the only body
Of the kind in this country, has been; the
American branch of the British society.
This has been withdrawn to leave the
field to the new society, which is a part
Of the American Institute for Scientific
Research which has been endowed and
is in a position to go forward with it's
work. The Journal Is to be the medium
Of publicity of the psychic research de-
partment. The first number is largely
taken up with announcements, explana-
tions Of the object of the society, and a.
statement Of it's needs. However, It re-
ports several interesting cases and gives
promise of some of special interest in the
next number. Professor James H. Hys-
lop, one of the leading Investigators of
the country, is editor, and in his able
hands the magazine may be expected to
keep members of the society informed as
to most recent developments r..
There Is no longer any doubt that
there is a place for such work as the in
stitute purposes to do. If it should do
frauds which are so widely practiced in
the name Of psychic research, it would
justify its existence. If it should aid in
opening the way further into the pro-
found and astonishing mysteries of the
mind it would be able to claim a place
among the most important agencies of
discovery in history.
1.-THE Art Of Stephan sinding'' is the
leading article in the December Crafts.
man. The work Of this greatest Nor
Wegian sculptor is most significant, not
merely for it's marvellous technical skin,
but because, like Rodin and Meunier, his
art Is out of the soil, from the heart OF
the life Of the people. Mr.. spargos ac-
count OF sinding's life and work is the
first complete presentation Of 1t in
America An There has set in in this com
mercial land Of ours an undertow to the
country Florence Finch Kelly writes of
this hopeful condition at length. Com
rade. by Maxim Gorky, is an arraigr1-s
ment of American civilization. - S.
The Literal chInaman.-I had often
heard OF the literal quality OF the CHI
nese mind and had a personally delivered
sample OF It. one morning. says q writer
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-12-12
Minority Control.

The question Of legislative reappor-
tl0nment in Minnesota, simmered down,
means that the minority Of the people
now have majority Of the representa-.
ton in the legislature. That minority,
therefore, controls the situation, and
can prevent readjustment that will
give equality. It all depends on wheth-
er this minority, as represented by the
majority Of the legislature, is ready to
make some sacrifice in the interests Of
Justice and fair play. stll E.F
The inequality is most glaring in the
state senate. There are sixty-three SEN
ators and thirty-two of them, elected
from the first, second and third con-
gressional districts and most Of the sew
enth, represent a constituency Of 741,-
1874 people. The other thirty-one sena-
tors look after the interests Of 1885,
267 people. In other words, 81 per cent
of the people. of the state elect major
ity Of the senate, and have more voice
in that body than the other 63 per cent.
In the house more care has been taken
to grant equality, but the counties south
of the twin cities and including Ram
sey, have 60 of the 119 house members,
with a population Of 904,S02. The
other ffty-nine members of the house
are elected by constituency of 1,072,-
500. A majority of the house is elected
by IS per cent Of the people. There
are districts in southern Minnesota that
ought not to be changed or lose any
representation, and there are some in
the northern part that have enough, but
in general terms there is great wrong
done the northern portion, and the old
er counties in the south have more than
their fair share.
The solution Of the problem rests
with the minority. The majority is ask
ing for equal representation. Surely
the minority can do nothing but con-
cede it..
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-12-12
Causes of the French Crisis.

The controversy between the republic
Of France and the church Of Rome,
which has now reached an acute phase,
has arisen over the determination of
France to effect a complete separation
between church and state. For a
thousand years-save for the Interrupt
ton of the French revolution-the in
innate relation between the Roman
Catholic church and the secular govern
ment Of France has continued. It was
restored after the revolution by Napo-
leon in the concordat of 1901, where.
by the French church came to a certain
extent under governmental control and
the clergy were paid out of the public
treasury. For twenty-five years, the
sentiment in favor Of disestablishment
has been growing in France, and in
1881 law was passed regulating pub
lie assemblies, which later on was held
to affect the meetings Of religious
bodies. So.
But the first overt act toward sever
ing the bond between state and church
was the associations act" passed in
1901, which required that all religious
orders, such as the Jesuits, must divulge
to the government their secret rules and
oaths, as we'll as lists of their members
and other data; on pain Of confscation
Of property and expulsion of their
members. Acting under the instruc-
tions Of the pope, the orders refused
to comply, and as a result were ex-
PEELED from France and such of their
property as they had not been able to
remove, was converted to the state.
The second and most drastic step was
the passage Of a law year ago, divor-
cling the government from all connec-
ton with any religious sect. It was
provided that within year the
churches might be turned over to Ecul-
tural associations, or boards of trus-
tees as we should say, formed by the
congregations. The salaries and pen
sions paid to the clergy were to- be
gradually extinguished and the $780,
900 expended annually for this purpose
was to, be used for other purposes.
Title to all the church property amount
ing in value to over $200,OOO,oO0, was
to rest in the state, but the use Of it
was guaranteed forever to legally
formed cultural associations.
The Protestant sects accepted this
law and acted under it. The Catholics
were also inclined to do so and the
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-12-12
A GUIDE TO NEW BOOKS

THE WONDERS OF THE COLORADO DIES.
ERT (Southern California;. By George Wharton
Canyon" etc. With more than 800 pen-and- ink
sketches from nature by Carl Eytel. In two VOL
umes Boston: Little, Brown & Co. S. net.
Held for future notice.
THE GARDEN AND ITS ACCESSORIES BY
Loring Underwood. With explanatory illustra-
lions from photographs. Boston: Little, Brown
& Co. So net.
HEROES OF THE ARMY IN AMERICA. Rv
Charles Norris, author Of "Historical Tales.
etc: Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott company.
$1.25 net.
HEROES OF PROGRESS IN AMERICA. BY
Charles Morris: Philadelphia: J. r. Iinnincott
company. $1.25 net
HoNoRE DE BALZAC. By Ferdinand BRINE.
there of the French academy. In the '.French
Men Of Letters" series, edited by Alexander les.
sup, Litt.D Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott
company. $3.50 net. Held for future notice.
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-12-12

AN AMERICAN SENTIMENTAL
TOMMY.-Harvey J. O'Higgins, author of
THE Smoke Eaters" has in Don-a-
Dreams told the story of a thoroly Amer
lean Sentim entail Tommy, and take him
all in. all OHiggins' Don is a more Xix
able youth than Barrie's Tommy. While
both were dreamers, Tommy is a tickle
youth, while Don is constancy itself, and
constancy is a more lovable quality sure
ly than fckleness. That is not to say,
however, that Mr.. O'Iiggins story is the
equal OF Barrie's; 1T lacks the fantasy,
delicacy and humor Of the story of the
silent little Scotchman; but it is rarely
good story, and one who makes the ac-
quaintance Of the little boy make believe,
as he is introduced to the reader, will
follow his pursuit of dreams to the end
with unf1agging interest. One suspects
that it Is a chapter from real life.
The Century company, New York.
81. 60. 81
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-12-12
cannot reac]

The department Of agriculture will soon
issue a bulletin entitled 1.-THE Cost Of
Producing Farm Products" The work
represents Investigations along statistical
lines that are of value and covers some
ground not previously covered in any
work of the kind. There Is more than a
passing interest in this bulletin for the
reason that the material that enters into
it was obtained principally by the Min
nesota agricultural experiment station at
st. Anthony Park, and its publication re-
fleets credit upon that institution. The
live stock end Of the station but recently
landed some fine prizes at the Chicago
live stock show, and now the statistical
end comes along with material that Is
original and Of value recognized by the
heads Of the department, who have put
their Endorsement upon it and will give It
as wide circulation as is possible for the
general benefit. Isl NJ.
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-12-12
Urges Coast Defense.

in The Travel Magazine. I went into a
jewelers. shop to buy a souvenir spoon.
The selection made, wrote upon piece
of paper the inscription, "Hongkong,
1906" to, have the same engraved on the
bowl. AS I started to leave the store
the Chinaman called me back and asked
for a deposit. I gave him IS cents ana
made note of the fact on the paper on
which I had written the intended in
scription. When I7called for my spoon
the next day it was inscribed in the
bowl:
Hong Kong,
1906
Paid rs Cents
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-12-12
The Technical Loophole.

Mayor Schmitz' objection to the in
dictment Of the San Francisco grand
jury, that one of it's members had
served on the petit jury within year,
is not calculated to win general cred
ence for his protestations Of innocence.
Nor would the quashing Of the indict-
ments of himself and Ruef on such
a trivial and technical ground yield
that triumphant vindication which the
precious, pair profess to be seeking. 1t
is to be hoped, for the credit of Cali
fornia g judicial system, that no such
plea will avail to prevent thoro air
ing of the charges of disgraceful graft.
Such efforts to defeat the ends Of
Justice are too frequently successful in
this country. They lead to the inter
minable delays of the law and cause q
loss of public confidence in judicial pro-
cedure. Supporters of lynch law, for
instance, frequently attempt to Justify
themselves by pointing out the tedious
uncertainty Of prosecution Of criminals
in the courts. And the fact that the
accused man who has plenty of money
to hire lawyers for the befogging of
the real issues and the frequent post
ponement of real trial, has many
more chances to escape punishment
than the ordinary criminal, engenders
bitter dissatisfaction.
Whatever may be said Of civil
processes in England, there can be no
doubt that in criminal procedure the
English are far in advance Of us. Tri-
ais and .verdicts are prompt and inevi.
table, no matter what the title or
wealth of the accused. There is need
of wide and thoro legal reform in the
United States.
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-12-12
Fines for Relating Ineffective.

The ineffectiveness of imposing fines
on railroad officials for violations Of
the federal laws has just been striking
ly illustrated by the discovery Of In
terstate Commerce Commissioner Lane
that the fines Of the first vice presi-
dent and foreign freight traffic agent
Of the Burlington, imposed six months
ago, were paid by the company out Of
it's freight account. Each official, upon
conviction Of wrongful rebating, was
fined $4,000, and the company itself
was fined $4,000. =
It is evident that the stockholders Of
the Burlington, who know nothing Of
the policy or management Of the COM
pany, are thus made to suffer for the
illegal deeds of the corporation. And,
as it is necessary to maintain GER
tain definite dividend on the stock, it
is equally evident that such expenses
as these must eventually come out Of
the shippers, in the form Of advanced
rates. So that the innocent shippers,
who were wronged by the giving of re-
bates to the favored ones, must help
to pay the fines assessed for these Of
lenses against their own interests.
The inadequacy Of fines as punish
ment for rebating was never more
strikingly illustrated. The fact that
the interstate commission is quite pow
erless to prevent such method of fine
payment, but adds to the absurdity Of
the situation. On the other hand, if
the authorities were able to send to
prison for brief term the railroad Of
fetal who commits the crime of rebat-
ing, it is evident that the abuse would
at once become unpopular in railroad
circles. There would be a measure Of
injustice in this. too, because it often
happens that an official is forced into
rebating to save his roads business,
and that his position would be the for
felt for such loss Of business. But
he would find some other way out of
the difficulty than the commission Of
the most modern of crimes-rebating
After all, what is needed is some
method of making the actual corpora
tion suffer for such crimes. The plan
described in The Journal recent
ly for the practical imprisonment of
the corporation-the impounding of it's
assets-is certainly worthy Of consid-
GRAFTON. If for instance, it. had been
possible to sentence the burlington
road in this case to spend thirty days
in the custody Of a receiver named by
the court, can anyone doubt that the
offense would not only have been pun
ished, but future offenses prevented9
Prevention is the chief object Of pun
ishment Of crime. This method, of
course, needs working out in its de-
tails, but it seems to present practi-
cable and effective method. of dealing
with an offense which our present laws
cannot reach. --. -. ga
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-12-12
BOOMS JOHNSON
Former Mankato Man Nominates the
Governor for President.

Special to The Journal. .,
Mankato, Mimi, Dec. 12.-That
Governor John A. johnson is the man
to cement the conservative and radical
wings Of the democratic party, and to
unite them on platform that would
be impossible for William Jennings
Bryan, William Randolph Hearst or
Woodrow Wilson to do is the eonvic-
tion of Alfred E. Clark, until recently
a prominent lawyer of Mankato, who is
now located at Seattle. Mr.. Clark, in
communication to the Mankato Daily
Review, says this conviction has be-
come more firmly established since he
has studied conditions in the west.
. Mr.. Clark sums up Governor John
son s qualifications and says: eff j Ohm
son is the democratic candidate he will
carry Minnesota, Nebraska, the two Da-
kotas and Iowa, which Mr.. Bryan has
never done and cannot do. ~ m
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-12-12

1t takes three hours to read the pres
1dent's message thru. This information
comes 'e from a man who, having shar-
pened his mathematics on the skidoo
problem, read for five minutes and cal
culated the rest. -
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-12-12

George Burnham, Jr., vice president
and general counsel OF the Mutual Re-
serve Lie Insurance company was con-
victed Of the larceny Of $1,000 Of the
company's funds. A sum as large as this
and taken from an insurance company
should hardly be called larceny. It Is
rather In the nature of predatory KEEP
tomania.
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-12-12
the Dreadnought may have q more
far preaching effect than would Be ap-
parent at first sight.

The misty weather suggests that Min
nesota is getting more OF the Pacific!
coast climate than she did In the eighties.
In those days thirty below for three.
weeks running was considered en- regle.
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-12-12
THIS DATE IN HISTORY
DEG IL

f721-Aiexander SelkIrk. the orig
inal "Roblnson crusoe." dled. Born
1876.
1s4s-Sir Mark !. Brunei, builder Of
the Thames tunnel, died. Born April
IS, 1863.
1seo-Rlchard Yates, ex-governor
OF Illinois, born.
1sss-Robert Browning, English
/ poet, died.. Born May Z, 1912.
# 1894 sir John Thompson. Cana
dian premier. died. IS
tss7--Mother OF President McKIn-
ley died at Canton, Ohio
rockford Roberts sailed from
Cape Town for England. after the
I close OF Boer war.
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-12-12

a clgaret f1end, after smoking 500, 900,
and Ind getting up seven or eight times every
night to smoke them, is dead at Ham
mond' Ind. Somehow it is rather diff
cult to feel that deep sorrow over this
dispensation.
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-12-12

The American Sugar Refining company
and the Brooklyn Cooperage company
drew $4,000 and $4,000 fines respectively
for rebating. These fines ought to hold
them awhile, but rebating is pretty profit
able
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-12-12

1t IS sad to think Of Senator Joe
Bailey marooned in Texas while the
president is sending messages to con-
gress which oughtsto be ripped up their
unconstitutional backs. @ :
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-12-12

The Amsden cement buirding at South
Pennington, Mass, collapsed and the ex
pert has reported that the collapse was
caused by the crumbling Of the concrete
piers on which the building rested. The.
substance ft Of these piers, he found, crum-,
bled like dust in his hand. This Is Moth
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-12-12
Cheap Races to the Southeast,

Commencing December 18th and On
the first and third Tuesdays of each
month until March, 1907, the North
Western line will sell one-way colo
mist tickets at nearly half fare to points
Get tickets and information at 600 MIC
ollet avenue, Minneapolis, 396 Robert
street, st. Paul, or address T. w. Teas
dale, General Passenger Agent, St
Paul.
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-12-12

+. Now that the Interstate commission is
coming to Minneapolis to investigate, the
Tribune has decided to admit that there
really is a car shortage. IL
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-12-12
THE MINNEAPOLIS JOURNAL.

Ing against cement construction which
sis as enduring as granite, but It indicated
that more careful inspection Of the work
during dur its progress is absolutely neces-
sary, 50 long as contractors want to make
money.
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-12-12

The senate seems disposed to be bit
captious about the presidents cabinet
nominations. But after Showing off, a
little, the senate will end by being good.
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-12-12

Having seen the senate 90 up, Walter
Wellman has FASTENED away to Paris
to superintend the construction of his
own balloon.
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-12-12

American tea is being marketed in
South Carolina. One plantation has grown
1900 pounds This ought to hold the
orientals a moment.
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-12-12

Roosevelt would doubtless be elected,
but he could hardly count on the vote of
California or of Bellamy Storer
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-12-12

The Smart Set is delighting large ar
diences at the Bijou in the highly pleas
ing musical extravaganza, ''The Black
Politician ast3xe 3
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-12-12

"Chinese Immigrant Always Remains
Loyal to the Mikado," says a Tribune
headline. Oh, shah, they must have
meant the kaiser.
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-12-12

There Is a feeling in the street that
winter is elected, but it will take the
official count.
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-12-12

The French warships have not yet
sailed up the Tiber and opened fire on the
Vatican.
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-12-12
Eastern Holiday Rates.

The Minneapolis & st. Louis railroad
will sell Dec 18th to 22d, round-trip ex-
cursion tickets to eastern points with
return limit to Feb. 25th, 1907.
Rates To following nlaces.
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-12-12

One Of the neatest t'dog'' acts yet pre-
scented at the orpheum theater is that
given this week BY Richard Braatz and his
canine acrobats and pantomimists.