davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Smyrna times., 1906-07-18

"HREE conditions prevailing in
France in 1894 led to the ac-
d cusing and cOndemning of Cap
tain Alfred Dreyfus for treason
in the alleged selling of military Sc
crets to the German government. says
the New York World.
The first and underlying cause was
a violent agitation against Jews.
The second was the discovery that
somebody was furnishing information
about army plans to Colonel SchwarZ-
koppen, the German military attache.
The third was the personal unpopu-
larity of Captain Dreyfus among his
associates of the general staff.
These things. combined with ready
unscrupulousness on the part of GER
tain officers to manufacture evidence
to bear out their prejudiced theories,
led to n concentration ON the brilliant
Jewish officer, his accusation, his
quick trial and his deportation to a
horrible Imprisonment.
The mills of justice grind slowly,
but they grind sure. They have taken
twelve years to formally establish an
Innocence in which the world at large
long has believed. If it is any salts
faction to the suffering man he can
look back upon the wreck of admins
trations and aspiring politicians, the
convulsiOn of the whole French nation
in violent disturbance, the disgrace of
army officers of high rank and even
Smyrna times., 1906-07-18
A Hard Lot

OF troubles to contend with, spring
from torpid liver and blockaded bow
els, unless you awaken them to their
proper action with DIR. Kings New
Life Pills; the pleasantest and most
effective cure for Constipation. They
prevent Appendicitis and tone up the
system. 25c at Benton N. Weldon
drug store.
Smyrna times., 1906-07-18

upon the corpses OF suicides that strew
the path over which his "cause cele-
bre" has slowly dragged to. final vim
dication.
Two Heroes In the Cause.
Alongside of Dreyfus, the martyr.
have stood two heroes whose names
deserve to be indelibly linked with the
love of truth and justice.
One of them is Emile Zola, most
noted of modern French novelists,
now, alas, dead and unable to join in
this final triumph. For simple love of
truth he dared to take up the cause of
a condemned man and defy govern
ment and army in his famous letter
beginning 81 accuse" For that he
was sentenced to heavy fine and i'm
prisonment and the loss of his Legion
OF Honor button. He fled into exile.
The other man is Colonel Picquart.
who sacrificed rank in the army, favor.
fortune, fought duels and suffered
months of Imprisonment because he
dared proclaim the guilt Of his brothef
officers in condemning an innocent
man. 1t was he who discovered the
forgeries and the crimes that convicted
Dreyfus and had the courage to stand
for the truth. He was cashiered In dis
grace, but the rehabilitation Of the
chief sufferer brings about his restora-
tion. Without the discoveries made by
Colonel Picquart while chief Of the in
telligence bureau of the army it is
doubtful whether the innocence of
Dreyfus ever could have been estab-
lished
Smyrna times., 1906-07-18

though crushed to earth, was rising
again.
The Dreyfus family began system
attic work in establishing the convict's
innocence His brother, Mathew Drey-
Gus, spared neither time nor money in
she great undertaking. 1t was slow
hnd disappointing at first. Everything
was hidden in the secret archives of
the war department The campaign
began with the rousing of pubne opin-
ion, and within year France began
10 be torn by bitter controversy that
nmbroiled the government itself
In 1896 Il new man was at the head
of the Intelligence office in the person
Of Lieutenant Colonel Picquart, one of
the youngest and most brilliant men in
the army. One day the same Nine.
Bastien. scrubwOman at the German
embassy, sent in some scraps of paper
which, pieced out, proved to be let
ter addressed to Major EsterhaZy. 1t
was in the handwriting of Colonel
Schwarzkoppen. but evidently had
been torn up and another sent in its
stead
New Traitor Revealed.
Instantly there was revealed a new
traitor in the French army camp. Es-
terhazy was a dissolute officer, spend
ing most of his time in Paris instead of
at his post in ROuen. The captured let
ter became known as the petit bleu," ="
being written on the blue stamped pa
per of the poStOfiice for immediate de-
| livery. At first PicQuart did not con-
meet Esterhazy with the Dreyfus af-
fair. but one day, securing some of the
majors handwriting, he was struck
with the similarity between it and the
writing on the 'bordereau" on which
| Dreyfus was accused. The more he in
vestigated the more he became con-
vinced that Esterhazy was the traitor
and Dreyfus the innocent man.
He examined the "dossier," or en-
\ velOpe, containing the documents sup
posed to incTiminate the captain. One
of them was a letter of SchwarzkOppen
referring to that scoundrel D." The
army clique had asserted that D. stood
for Dreyfus Picquart found that D.
stood for Dubois. a poor scribbler, who
was not in the army This and the
"bOrdereau," now believed to have
been written by Esterhazy, were its
only contents.
But when Picquart innocently com
municated his discovery to his superior
| officers. many of them the same who
had brought about the condemnation
Of Dreyfus, he met with little encour
agement. The clique determined tC
stand together 1t was decided tha
Picquart must be sidetracked. He wa:
sent off to Tunis, whence few officers
return. 1t would never do to have the
| army exposed
Smyrna times., 1906-07-18
Dreyfus Degraded.

AT o'clock in the morning of Jan. 5,
1895, 5000 soldiers of the French army
were drawn up in the Champs de Mars
on the left bank Of the Seine, in the
Smyrna times., 1906-07-18
His Life on Devils Island.

In later years Dreyfus himself fur
nished the following description of his
prison: THE stone hut destined for my
use measured about thirteen yards
square The windows were grated.
The door was of latticework. with sim
pie iron bars. This door led to little
hallway, six feet square, entrance to
which was closed by a solid wooden
Smyrna times., 1906-07-18
Henry's Forgery.

In his absence Henry forged a letter
purporting to be written by the Italian
military attache to the German attache
and found in the same old wastebas-
ket 1t read as follows:
II have just read that a deputy is 60
ing to ask several questions on the
Dreyfus affair. If they request any
new explanations ut Rome. | shall say
never had any dealings with this Jew
That is understood. If they question
you. make the same reply, for nobody
must ever know what has happened to
him"
This was to strengthen the army case
against the prisoner in view of the ris-
ing tide of public Indignation and the
demands in The chamber of deputies
for investigation.
From the summer Of 1897 onward
France w&s torn by discussion of the
Dreyfus affair. It became involved in
political m2neuvers and in court pro
cecdings. Picquart accused Esterhazy.
The latter was tried and acquitted.
PicQu3rt was disgraced and imprisoned
by the army clique
ZOIa Writes Letter of Accusation.
Things began to look dark for the
cause Of justice when Zola suddenly
launched his public letter of accusa-
tion. declaring Dreyfus wrOngfully con
victed and Esterhazy acquitted to
screen the wrong. France blazed with
agitation. Zola was tried and con
demned to one years imprisonment
and fined 10000 francs ($6OOO) for
SANDER He fed to England, but the
Dreyfus cause was revived.
In August, 1885, another conscieu
tious army officer. Major Cuignet. dis
covered by comparison of documents
that the alleged letter from the Italian
military attache to the German at
tache was evidently forgery.
Major Henry was called before Off
GERS OF the war department and ques-
toned. He admitted the truth and
sought sympathy from the generals
who had formerly accepted the letter
without question. But public senti-
ment was beginning to make itself
felt. The generals sat rigidly silent.
Henry was ordered to prison. The
following day he cut his throat with
razor. That was the turning point.
1t was only question of time when
the agitation in favor of Dreyfus would
succeed in bringing about a new trial.
In 1899 the courts ordered the pris
oner brought back to France for re-
trial. The session began at Rennes in
August before court of seven officers.
presided over by Colonel Jouaust
The prisoner, like one raised from
the dead, made dazed, unfavorable
appearance. Labori, his lawyer. made
a brilliant case and won great fame.
Dreyfus was free, but not rebabili.
-ated. He refused to accept the iudg-
nent as final. He must have complete
vlndicati"l and be restored to the same
plane OF Innocence on which he stood
before the accusation of 1894.
Smyrna times., 1906-07-18

lefty Of Paris. Between a file of men
lDreyfus, in uniform and carrying a
Sword, was marched before General
Darras. The verdict of the court mar
ltial was read. An adjutant seized the
captain's sword and broke it across his
knee. Then the insignia of rank were
stripped from the condemned mans
uniform, and the general pronounced
THE words of degradation.
'Viva Ia Francev' cried Dreyfus in a
loud voice. you have degraded an in
,nocent man. l swear 1 am innocent"
Around the square they marched him
Ito parade his ignominy. His last cry
Twas:
! Tell the whole of France that l am
innocent"
For more than four years Dreyfus
was buried from the world-a prisoner
on Devils island, where he managed to
survive horrible hardships, solitary
confinement chains, fever and his
worst fear of all, insanity.
Smyrna times., 1906-07-18


Wave of Anti-Semitism.
The wave of anti-Semitism then agi-
tating France helped pile prejudice
upon his head. The army chiefs were
overjoyed that the traitor in their
midst had been Caught" Many of
the Paris newspapers shrieked for ven
geance. The victims conviction was
a foregone conclusion. His family
tried hard TO save him and Dreyfus
valiantly maintained his innocence, but
to no purpose. The secret court mar
tial, on Dec. 20. 1894. condemned him
for life to Devils isle.
The German embassy was in an en-
barrassing position 1t knew that
Dreyfus was not the officer with whom
dealings were had, but, being guilty
Of seeking secret information, it could
say nothing. The most that could he
done was to publish semi-oficial notes
IN newspapers that Germany had taken
no part in the affair. On the other
hand, the French army officers could
not proclaim their source of informa.
ton, for that would reveal how the
torn scraps of paper were stolen from
the embassy. SO to Devils isle off the
coast Of South America, poor Dreyfus
was sent, and there he suffered tor
lures designed to quickly end his life
In the meantime in France truth.
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1906-04-27
MARTIAL LAW,

The Oakland Enquirer is authority
for the statement that the entire pop
ulacc is enraged against the state
militia" on account of the killing OF
MIR, Tilden. the San Francisco mer-
chant. The event certainly Is one Of
the most regrettable episodes Of the
tremendous tragedy, and there have
been other killings that. Judging from
the published reports, appear unJusti-
fable. Another illustration is given
of the danger of placing unlimited au-
thority In the hands Of men not cap
able OF using II properly II is perfect
y clear that the extraordinary sltua-
ton demanded the most energetic
measures for the preservation Of order,
and the ayerting Of chaos and panic
Too much praise cannot be bestowed
upon the military authorities for the
work accomplished. At the same time
II must be regretted that some OF the
men depended Oh for the maintenance
Of order, were either utterly ignorant
Of their duties, or reckless In the per-
Torrance thereof.
Martial law does not mean lawless-
ness. According to the Instructions
issued by the War Department on that
subject, martial law Is simple military
authority exercised In accordance with
the laws and usages of war. Military
oppression is not martial law; 1t Is the
abuse of the power which the law con-
ftrs. AS martial law Is executed by
military force, II il incumbent upon
those who administer II to be strictly
guided by the principles OF justice,
honor and humanity--virtues adorn-
ing n soldier even more than other
men, for the very reason that he
possesses the power of his arms
against the unarmed," On the ques-
ton of punishable offenses the 1nstruc-
tons are equally explicit: Whenever
feasible. martial law Is carried out In
cases of Individual offenders by mill
tary courts; but sentences of death
shall be executed only with the APP
proyal of the Chief Executive, provid-
ed the urgency of the case does not
require speedier execution. and then
only with the approval of the chief
commander"
The Instructions quoted have
special section on assassination: "The
law Of war does not allow proclaiming
either an Individual belonging to the
hostile army, or a citizen. or sub
Ject OF the hostile government an out
law who may be slain without trial by
any eaptor, any more than the modern
law of peace allows such intentional
outlawry; on the contrary, It dbhors
such outrage"
The Instructions quoted We're issued
for the guidance of the army lin the
leld," but the inference is obvious that
Irregularities that are unlawful even
while war operations are going on,
can never be lawful where there is
no war. TO all appearances there have
been some wanton Killings under the
cover OF martial law" and military
government, and ii Is therefore per-
tinent to point out that these are not
responsible for such deeds. No true
soldier ever takes a life except when
forced by stern necessity.
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1906-04-27
CHINESE SENTIMENTS.

The Chinese IN Pasadena the other
day sent wagon-load Of rice TO the
relief committee In Los Angeles, with
this legend. From the Son of heaven
TO His suffering children in San FRAN
cisco" Accompanying this gift was
cash contribution of sl53, AS there are
only half hundred Mongolians IN the
colony their gift OF rice and money Is
by no means small. With the offering
came the following request; Use the
money for the relief OF the suffering
white people in the same proportion
that YOU do for aiding the people OF
our own race We sometimes talk
about the heather Chinee,' but in this
instance they certainly acted according
to the golden rule OF the Master
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1906-04-27

The parallel column is an old device
OF the space filters and the cartoon
Is a cheap substitute for real pictures
OF news events. one alleged Sunday
newspaper some time ago made up an
entire page Of a list OF articles print
cd IN another paper, an example OF
extreme restitution of news resources.
Among professional experts OF the
newspaper world the frantic cry Is
recognized an the sure sign of the 'ach-
ing void
"The newspaper that Is striving TO
I'LL its own field as it should and 10
keep IT'S contracts with Its readers has
neither time nor space to waste In at
lacking other papers. To follow this
plan Is an open confession OF inferior
ity ana II Is everywhere so regarded
"rhe number Of readers who are
pleased with such space filling substi-
tutes FOR real news is about equal to
the number that have learned TO like
sawdust AS a breakfast food
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1906-04-27
THE WILLAMETTE METEoRITE
New York Herald.

Without mishap the Willamette me-
tc0rIte, weighing fifteen tons. purchas-
ed by Mrs. William Il. Dodge at a cost
said 70 DE S20,600, and presented by
her to the American Museum Of Ma
tural History, ended its long journey
from Portland or, to New York City
Saturday afternoon. Many We're the
comments OF spectators as the huge
mass, on truck, swung from Twenty
eighth street into Broadway and con-
tinued up TO Columbus Circle and into
Central park. According TO Henry A.
Ward, a scientist, this specimen. which
derives It's name from the fact that Il
was found near Willamette, Or, I'm
1909, is remarkable for the presence
OF broad channels cutting into IT, caus-
ed, supposedly, by the tremendous fric-
ton OF the densely compressed air as
the meteorite passed through the at
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1906-04-27

amended in 1901 and 1909. We do not
see how more complete authority could
be conferred for the purpose now in
view than that in the sections OF the
laws OF 1905 from which we have quot
ed.
Ways and means win be found to
suppress this evil. If the city authorities
are really in earnest In this direction
We take II for granted that they mean
business. In the good work they viii
have tho approval and support Of the
great body OF our citizens and VIII
earn for themselves credit and ap-
plause. Clean out these holes of vice,
and put a stop to the flow Of the
stream OF corruption which has be-
come moral stencil In the nostrils Of
the community
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1906-04-27
GOOD FOR OGDEN!

While Salt Lake city is receiving
deserved encomiums for the generous
efforts put forth to relieve the dis
tressed people on the coast, Ogden city
has been engaged IN similar business
to the extent Of the abilities Of It's
people and in addition to sending
money and provisions to the Relic.
committee at San Francisco, has fed
hosts OF refugees, ieelng from fire
and devastation and moving to the
East through the beneyolence of the
railroad companies. ogden is entitled
TO big need Of praise for prompt
responses to the call for help, and II
Is truly gratifying TO note the alacrity
and liberality Of our northern neighbor
IN the terrible crisis OF the times.
Truly the golden rule has been applied
In practical manner during the sor-
rows and trials through which the
people on the coast have passed, and
this has afforded potent evidence that
Christianity IN the United States Is
something more than a name. and is
far from being but sounding brass
and a tinkllng cymbal." All honor 10
the sympathetic souls whose tender
mercIes are not simple sentiment, but
of that kind which is shown forth In
great deeds and material assistance.
Ogden, receive our hearty congratulate
tlons and our warm admiration.
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1906-04-27

Complaint is made by Los Angeles
papers that with the worthy refugees
from San Francisco comes horde of
pretenders, whose only desire is to
profit by the charity that is now eX-
erclsed on such a magnificent scale.
We presume this will be the case
wherever the refugees go. II may
Therefore be necessary TO exercise dis
crimn@;ion, so that crooks do not
reap the benefit Still. no one entitled
to sympathy should be denied IT, 1t is
safer to err because of kindness than
because Of heartlessness.
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1906-04-27
JUST AND DESERVED,

The following extract from an edi-
torial Of the Pueblo Chieftaln Of April
20 is just criticism Of a class OF jour
nalism that unfortunately. is not UNI
known In many Of the larger centers
OF population. Speaking Of certain
class Of publications, the Chieftain
says:
with such a newspaper the con-
slant effort Is TO get matter enough to
I'LL It's space, and anything that can be
secured Is good enough for that pur-
pose. such a paper commonly de-
votes large amount Of space to at
tacks upon other newspapers. and It's
management sometimes supposes that
the public does not see that this Is
only another scheme for filling the
space where the news ought to be.
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1906-04-27
ST. HELENA.
London Chronicle.


ST. Helena, that lonely fragment Of
an ancient volcano, Is to be allowed to
keep her little garrison OF British
troops for twelve months longer. She
can III afford 10 lose any part Of her
population, for the allurements OF an
Atlantic residence 1900 miles from
the nearest continent are not overpow-
ering. Perhaps, however, II II were
generally known that St. Helena had
no public debt It's popularity as a
fashionable watering place might rise
to the level of 1899, when the Boer
warriors built up their shattered con-
stitutions under the influence Of Its
healthy climate. For the palmy days
oc the island one must go back TO the
time when the Suez canal was unheard
of, and vessels bound to and from In
dia made It port of call. and filled
the pockets of the islanders with gold.
Now they are driven to the harder. II
more exciting industry Of hunting the
whale and cutivating the potato
pursuits which maintain in decent
comfort a community OF something
like 5000 people.
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1906-04-27
THE YEMEN REVOLT.

Recent reports from Yemen arc to
the effect that the rebels have won i'm
nortant victories over the Turkish troops
and that the Turkish general sent TO
subdue them, has asked to be released.
News OF what Is going on in the dis
turbed province Is rather scarce. The
Turks are masters in the art of censor
ship But, a few months ago victory
over the rebels was reported by the
Turkish general operating against
them. Now the insurgents are said to
DE successful, The rebellion has last
cd over year now, and tho inability
of the Turkish troops to master It, may
be an indication of its serious charuc-
fer.
There was some talk. previous TO the
outbreak IN Yemen, Of the formation of
an Arabian patriotic league With
headquarters IN Paris, the object being
the creation of a Saracenc empire indie
pendent OF the Turks. Whether tho
trouble In Yemen Is the result Of this
movement, or not, It is more than prob
able that If Mecca should fall into the
hands Of the insurgents, there would be
great change in the Mohammedun
world.
Yemen has never been entirely sub
dued by tho ottoman rulers, though
they have claimed sovereignty over II,
Since 1873 more or less fierce conflict
has ragged, with sundry intervals Of
rest, II not peace. a year and half
ago Imam Yahla proclaimed himself the
commander Of the faithful" and this
famed the smouldering war embers
into now flames, The Turks are said
to have 100000 men in the field against
the new pretender, The rising cannot
be considered an insignificant affair.
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1906-04-27
JUST FOR FUN.
Makes a Difference.

Mrs, DE Pink (reading)--"Never show
your temper no matter what the pro-
Vocation. Never resent a slight New.
er lose your self-polse under trying
circumstances. Do your best to make
others happy Forget that you have
any wishes except when consulted.
Watch every opportunity to be useful
10 those about you. There arc thou.
sands Of little ways In which this can
be done without appearing obtrusively
polite
Miss De Pink--"Are those rules for
wives?"
Mrs. De Pink (contemptuously)--
Certainly not, l am reading the latest
rules Tor society debutantes. New
York Weekly.
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1906-04-27

The Paris Figaro says; M, James
Hyde, the exceedingly rich American.
who appertains to the most high So
ciety Of New York, comes from cons.
handing at Paris carriage electric.
II is to the French industry that NJ.
James Hyde is addressed himself for
to have the most commodious, the mos
elegant, and the most comfortable OF
the vehicles of city" All that this
lacks to make 1t perfect literary gem
is reformed spelling.
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1906-04-27
THE CALL OF THE WILD.

John Burroughs, IN Country Life in
America.
Most Of our song birds have three
notes expressive Of love, alarm and
fellowship. The latter call seems TO
keep them In touch with one another
| might perhaps add to this list the
scream Of distress which most birds
utter when caught by a cat or u hawk
the voice Of uncontrolled terror and
pain which Is nearly the same IN all
species-dissonan and piercing The
other notes and calls are character
istIc, hut this last Is the simple screech
oi common terrified nature.