The farmer and mechanic. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 18??-19??, 1906-03-13
Around the World With Will
liam Jennings Bryan.
Continued from Page One.)

- @ 0"-'S . AB1S8 III d8FE romans
Ihis wall was constructed about 300
years before the Christian era u a
protection against the hostile tribes If
the North, and for many CENTURIES l.
answered its purpose. although today
II ohiy suggests d tremendous waste
OF labor.
But the Great Wall. imposing as it is
because of its length. * inferior in
hclsht, thickness and construction to
some OF the city walls. The wall Of
the city Of Picking. for instance. is
ABOUT 60 feet high and 10 feet wide
dt ItS base, and IS kept in excellent
repair. The wall incIoeeS what is
known as the Tartar city ana Is near
y four miles square. Huge watch
overs rise above each gate. and 10
give still greater security the gates
Iopen INTO an inclosed square. While
me walls OF the city Of Pekiug are
inc most substantial in the empire.
the walls Of Ranking. the former CAPT
tai, lnclose nearly four times as much
Sfound. There was a double object.
in making the walls Of the city cx-
tensiVe-frst, to provide for future
growth, and, second. to enable the
people to withstand a longer siege.
How we'll the second purpose was
served is shown by the fact that dur
ing the Tapping rebellion the city of
Marking was bcseiGed for - year.
Just outside the walls Of the city may
"Alll D1 SttAI Ii I'll J. VI 10 4 W y
up by the imperial army, which some
times numbered $4,000.
But it must not be understood that
the capital cities were the only ones
protected by walls. On the contrary,
all the cities are walled; n sees Is
or 20 of these walled cities on the
railroad from Picking to HankOw and
q number of others on the ride down
the river to Shanghai.
The agricultural population, in
stead Of occupying individual farms
as in America, is gathered in little viii
lagos, each home being inclosed in its
own wall. During the summer the
people swarm out from the cities and
villages and cultivate their little
tracts of land with the most primitive
tools, carrying the farm products back
TO their homes on Wheel5arrOWS or in
baskets balanced on poles. In the
north of China the camel is used for
long distance travel and in the south
we saw the water buffalo drawing the
pillow. but in China less han anywhere
We have been has man supplemented
his strength by the strength of do
mestic animals.
In the cities the streets are so mar
row that travel by ordinary vehicles
is impossible. In Picking there are a
few wide streets leading from the
gates through the city and on these a
peculiar heavy-wheeled springless cart
is used, but most of the streets are
more like alleys in which two rik-
ishas can hardly pass. We did not
see a full-sized horse in the capital
city. Some ponies have been brought
down from Manchuria (Manchuria is
regarded as the personal property of
the imperial family and there is a
royal monopoly in ponies), but the
most popular saddle animal is the pa
tient donkey. 1t looks ludicrous to
r~1 - f,4- -I,.,a r1a ,1@an1- rhnI
rump of one of these tiny beasts. bat
there seems to be entire harmony be-
tween the two, and the donkey trudgeo
along with as little thought of change
as the ancient race whom he serves.
In anton the streets are not wide
enough for the 'rikisha and both the
pony and the donkey are conspicuous
by their absence. The sedan chair.
borne by coolies, was the only convey
ance we saw in a days tour Of the
city, and it required some engineering
to make any Roadway With it when
two parties met.
Although the business buildings are
seldom more than TWO stories high
(the residences are usually only one
stOry.) the streets are so narrow and
so filled with signs and advertising
Gamers that the sun can scarcely find
its way to the pavement The stores
are narrow little stalls with the entire
front open to the street. Often there
is a little shrine outside the door
where incense is burnt and innumer-
able gods of wood, brass and stone ere
to be seen.
While in their style of dress and in
their institutions the Chinese are
much the same throughout the empire,
they differ considerably in size ana
color according to the latitude, and
in feature according to race history.
In the north the people are llghter
larger than in the south. while
the men and women OF AlanChurla
have coarser and stronger faces than
the Chinese. The people in the north
seem to be more vigorous and Warlike
and less artistic than the people in
the south.
The shaved forehead and the queue
were prescribed by the Manchu rulers
$50 years ago as d, sign OF SubJec-
ton, but they are now a source OF
pride. and no greater humiliation can
be inflicted upon one than to cut OH
his queue. In the northern provinces
the men, women and children wear,
padded clothes, generally of dark blue
cotton. The brooches of the men are
tied at the ankles and the long, mar
coat reaches almost to the 1eel
In China the women also wear trou-
sers. but they are more IKE the
American article. and the coat worn
bv the women is considerably shorter
than that worn by the men. emma Is
a great place for furs. and the right
to wear sable is conferred as Il marx
of distinction upon the higher OH
Gals. u
The Manchu women and the Chinese
women differ materially. The Man
chus, whose ancestors came from
Manchuria, still retain the customs
neculia1 to their section. The halr
is stretched over a broad, Winglike}
frame and three hours are required for
its arrangement. Flowers, natural
and artificial, and ornaments made of
Feathers heads and tinSel are prob
fuseIv used in hair decorations. The
Manchu women, except the widows,
employ paint and powder with a bold-
ness which would put to shame the!'