New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1906-01-20
A COMMERCIAL MAP.
Shores Rail and Water Routes OF
Entire World.
rE=nn ~. rrihun. purcau.l

/ washington. Jan. ls.-Manv maps showing oeeAI
ve.sel routes have been published as wen as '4p
,t,~rinp the rail routes IN various countries out
re- remained for the Bureau of Statistics TO punisr
man showing the rail and water routes TOT the e
e. --orld map which this bureau has just lssueu
IN conjunction with Its accompanying 1HDies' ~
SCENTS in outline combination OF the iiito -
regarding land and water routes usudllS
only IN separate form In other pu'1i' :,
does not enter upon any elaborate dlscuS9loi -
+-ons,o-+a4,on routes methods systems ou'
sfnpv outlines in condensed form a Ie" u Tx
great highways Of commerce by lano anu *"
combination. This seems especially apr "a
this time when the land and water transportation
systems of the world offering facHlues W
which the producer or merchant in the interior %
one continent may ship his merchandise from ii'S
own door 10 that the consignee in the far III
terror Of another continent upon through Dlii VI
ladiue and therefore with knowledge OF the
cost of transportation from his own establishment
n that of the consignee and assurance tha'
the through freights shipped in this manner VIII
pass promptly from the land vehicle TO ths' u
the ocean, and again from that OF the oceAh -
that OF the land
The development Of the systems OF transport %
ton which now place the producer in the interior
If one continent IN direct communication with the
consumer in the interior of another continent Is
g product of comparatively few years "lthin liie
lifetime of men and women now living the "oiio
had not 4 single mile of railway or a slnsIe
s+esroebg, crossing the ocean. To-day the world
has on land $4,000 miles of railway ana Oh 'iie
ocean 6ooO00o net tons of sail carving power ana
1900 600 net tons Of steam carrying power AT nc
beginning Of the last century the san csIl SiAh
power aggregated 100000 tons: steam CARVING
mower on the ocean did not exist. nor dld ran
vrsys on land exist By the middle OF the century
sail carving power on the ocean was more nan
II 0no0O tons the steam carrying power oH me
ocean was less than 0o0 tons. and the railway
on land were but 200O miles By 1850 sail power
had
nou,er about 6aa.on0 tons. and railways on ldi'u
295 on miles From that time forward steam
rou-er on the ocean so rapidly TOOK the plaNe u
~. sail that in 1905 sailing vessels on the ocean
aggregated but 100000 tons CARVING PO" 80 -on
stsaro vessels had an aggregate tonnage o. se,9o
n.o TONS and railways had an aggregate OF ooV'V''
.nos N length. Of which 217,c0O miles or two-nfths
If the total. are in the United states. ..
--h 5era,o,noent Of railways has been UP 70
49, crescent time chiefly centred in the zen
ers+a zone particularly Europe, ana 'he -,
s+a7es Mexico and Canada in Arnerlca, 'i- e.
T-sr IN the Orient and India in the tropics d :
now fairly well supplied with 1aclIties -
TRANSFORMATION. The great Iranssloei iaii -
=. the cole transcontinental line pet"esH Luz
a,6 The Far East while Australians ralI"aFS a. :
alu ' = .. q line skirting the Southern and
-. ,o.z+s and half dozen snort hhes Iap-
fDg the interior. In Africa the BRUSH GU
a. the south are fairly well equipped WIN 49,,
zL,1o +ha rroposed Cape TO CAIRO trahSooi'i
ring
t+x terminus At the north. and Cape lo"n' JUS
,.t,orn terminus considerably more than one
half of the road being now completed ana III -
srinr South America IS sun without dIH
railway system her facilities being cohHle"
- rs+err F7razil Northern Argentina. Chill faI-
aguay and Uruguay $500. :. -
asan+ mileage and the recent growth OF its rall-
uavs OF the Total railway mileage OF me "oFio'
argreeating $4,000 miles for 1919, Nle'4 mics were
in the United States 1888 miles IN EUROPEAN rus
Efs 20 o. miles In Germany, 1o2 miles IN France
o ON miles in India 24120 miles in Austr1a-Hun-
gs-7 % So miles in the United Kingdom Isol
miles in Canada 1550 miles IN Afrlea ~ 40 55 Mas ii
in Mexico $3.50 miles in Italy sS6S miles IN hIq51,
cbSIra and other Asiatic possessions Of Russia 4s
miles in Japan and LIS miles IN fl1na II Me ~
IN the Tnfted States first reached as much as lsO
miles being in that year ls miles s ey re 9 20 s2S
niles in 1855 S5os5 miles In the decade from 1855
70. 1H iSs me year named being % the total for 5
was $3.50 miles that for 1872 Isl 10 mics l0
gate cost being estimated ~ PoorS MAauaL f al
1905 al the enormous Sum o6 81 oS @ he ntt world
The total net tonnage of the steam AND saihle
vessels 81 Of the woTd 9feng bT 9HE
at about 100000 tons Of sail ana 9g" 90 o 69S 80
or nearly one-haIf is credited the United King
dom and her colonies 200eo TO me cnlseo d hf
SO 90 tons each to Russia. Sweden. Spain Japan
M Netherlands. in the oTdeT HdlIleu-
Freight rates shown TO have decreased qol y
on land and sea The average rate per pushe5 OF
wheat from Chicago TO New-YoTk has decreased as
follows: BY lake and canal from 266 cents IN iSos
TO I cents in 1906; by lake and rail from y cents
in 1868 the earliest available date to cents in 1893
by "a lvray only from 46 cents in 1855 TO Il GEMS m
1905 For the same commodity the rate between
New York and Liverpool while subject 70 VICE
fluctuations has shown general decline espeCladl
in more recent years. In 1919 the rate per ousei OF
wheat from New-York TO Liverpool vas Ie S-It
cents: in 1875 7-15 cents: in 1855 1916 CENTS III
ISq5 ais cents and in 1863 ia cents
During the latest year for which STATISTICS are
of the United states carr
~ ga 95l passengers and transported lSvVcJOuss
IONS of freight against 3 81 6SS passengers carried
and AZ (,1O 09l tons freight transported IN lSSo
The close connection between adequate transporLa
Sar+ that in 1900 when there were no raiiroAds 81
ssaaa,nghns and only 100000 OF sail carrying
no1e- on sea. the worlds commerce was oillS
= 5T4 Oso 900 while a the present time. AIDED pA
90 riNy ~ on miles of railway and the ocean siesn
ana sail tonnage above described its lnternatoil
commerce. apprDxirnates S2250o0000e0 Thus, unoe
The newly created transportation systems OF IN
Last century which developed the interior o
made Inerchantable many coInTlouI
ties which formerly would not bear the cost o.
transport alton. the international commerce OF M
vorId is to-day about fifteen times as rnuch as a
! the heginning of last century, while the world
ron,,IafiOn is only and one-nalf times as mucf
as at that time; the commerce of the Worid Popu
! iarion as a whole. having thus grown from lee!
than So 80 per capita in 1870 nearly Sl+ per cplti
/ al the present time