The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1906-03-06

at BohIo, 4 500 feet long at the crest. resting
the bed OF the river proper. where It reaches
sea level and holding the water az a normal
level Of so feet, with a possible rise 70 90,
1900 feet long at the crest, resting on, a
river bed and holding back the water at IS
feet altitude.
L consider such a structure as a highly
dangerous one in view OF the soitness OF ls
earthquakes which are frequent and must be
constantly expected on the 1sthmus. They
often cause the fall oil. glasses on the tables,
mine successive compressiops and depres;;
sions In the soft and extremely long mass OF
the dam, which VII cause u S rTpture' OF con-
As, in case Of such a terrible accident, the
name of the originator OF the method OF con-
S Sot fafI 10 though Sp5aar not e t%ehIsiSnsfin o I b sSu to
state emphatically that / expressly disap,,
prove from a scientific standpoint the use OF
temporary earth dam, highly dangerous for
a huge dam Of more, than twenty maiSn
cubic yards In volume, in a country frequently
shaken by earthquakes.
CONCLUSION. .
/ CONSIDER that the correct and unprejudiced
Interpretation Of the material facts registered
in the appendices OF the report OF the consult
ing board irresistlbly, demonstrate the veraoity
OF the principles aad the conservatism OF the
In SIX months, April to September, 1905 tpage
zee Of the report Mr.: M MAI y,s Wi an S 9le o oUsS-
removed 600, 900 cubic yards at an, average
price OF rs cents and almost without labor.
AT Culebra, in the dry pages 3e5 and 500 OF
the reportJ, during the same period, with an
extensive force Of laborers. with the best
steam shoyels known. the excavation reached
II the dredges had been modern and not
obsolete, If thev had been worked with two
G G"ms.r the s, g msn Eo%!d With Ravs an be ieS'e a,tSS. 6os
cubic Yards at an expense OF 1913 cents q
cubic yard, against $4,000 at Culebra. with
on e anS Sents. and rSTG Which Ge ia Wo1id have az eH BEEN eaPe still
go cents il we deduct the cost OF mining to
obtain conditions of ground entirely similar.
are not wTIfuiiy and purposely closed; they
show how moderate was my contention that
dredging is three times more powerful ana
walton page $50 Of the report. when we ma
dredging to be, actually eight times more
s soonG N Sadi end l sSdea d to DC six Wili ro eaRe' 50
These capital facts cannot be. dismissed
by the objection that, the ground Is mud and
the cuIebra ground. The powerful dredges
Of nowadays do not ,necessit9te dlstlnotloh
between different KINDS, of dred gable ground.
vious operation; their work Is equally cheap
III properly constructed) at 20. 40 or 30 feet
/ consider that the operation Of, ~excayatlng
rock under water Is demonstrated In the APP
pendlces to be a cheap and easy operation
" co Consider that no sincere and scientific
objection has been, or can be. raised against
the solution insurlng the complete indepeni
insuring the easy. cheap elimination Of, the
locks. whether single or In Hight without
interrupting passage on either OF the WIN
locks during the process.
consider that the figures Of time / ad-
vanced for. cutting through Culebra !the
summit channel, for erecting the locks, build
ing the Bohio and Gamboa dams and opening
to navigation within four years, are pased
on more conservative elements than those
admitted by the minority for the construo;
tion OF its S5-foot level summit IN seven and
q half Eea@r n,ob With . a % 4 $4,000 SSSS G dam S yaFGa sf Hn9
Of more than 10000, 900 cubic yards volume.
pages "a and IS OF the report for the minority
~ consider, however, that whatever summit
level may be adopted, the Transformation WIN
be insured. with all its Qualities II the Dam
il the precautions in the designs of the locks
j have described page 222 and following)
are respected.
Ry such a precaution, entalling no i'm
portant expense. after the opening of the
high level lock canal, when the exact cost OF
r relIShtsns e8 e eFeqss 9y e the tr rams 9gHS
viii be decided probably with a still larger
sea level width than the one propose now
do not hesitate TO state that tho digging
In the dry down to IS feet through the central
mass " i'll re tSad the 3 s9 9Dentia %: Of fb bss t Tbase aTes,
1 HUG Iol tAAAAA - "a =
ton is the, only one that presents a real
gravity, and that, therefore. a higher, passage
at 80 Is recommendable by all considerations
of logic and experience.
In addressing to you, Mr.. President this
respectfuLand public appeal, / serve. ] think
for he last time, the great cause Tor which
my country has made so many, sacrifices, in
blood and in gold, and for which lts genius
erously and brilliantly contributed to the
progress OF science and mankind.
In defending the solution which, results
from the experience j acquired at the head
OF the works Of the old Panama company.
the solution Of what has been called for cen
turtles the mystery OF the sthmus"", in pro
noting the realization for the benefit OF the
United States and of the world Of an artificial
! Bosporus betw cen North and South America.
yesterday a dream; to-day a reality. j serve
also u great moral interest now common to
America and France. as my countrymen nave
already served similar ones, at the two other
great landmarks OF the history of the United
States-the war of independence, and the
purchase OF Louisiana. ] remain thus faith
full TO the political and soient ihc traditions
of the two great republics OF the Old and Of
the New World.
i am, MIR. President, with great respect.
your very obedlent servant,
PHILIPPE Bun AU-VARILLA.