The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1906-08-05
nota BILE triumphs in diplomac y ia kes an
other step forward.

nota BILE triumphs in diplomacy takes an
other step forward.
Viscount Ha yashi was born In February,
1850, at Sakura, a little town about eighty
miles northeast Of Toxic. His father is
DR.. Taizen Sato, a prominent Dutch scholar,
who was physician to B aaron Sakura. To
understand the circumsta noes under which
Hayashi was brought up 1t will be neoessar ~
to review the part played by Dutch scholar
under the old regime In Japan.
After Iyemitsu Tokuga wa closed the
doors Of Japan against European countries
In 1887 the only means OF communicating
with the outside world was through De-
shima, a little island in front Of. Nagasaki.
Here a few Dutch traders and scholars were
allowed to stay. Through these men, how
ever, Japan is under obliga ton 90 Holland
for instruction in engineering, mining,
astronomy and medicine.
DR.. Kaempfer, for instance, stayed in
Deshima for two years Qe9o-le91) instruct
ing Katsurakawa "a, the first Japanese who
practised medicine after the Western
fashion. Later DR.. Rotaku Maeno Of Ma
katsu and DR.. Genpaku Sugita Of 0bama
became prominent scholars under similar
circumsta noes.
In Its DR.. T%hunberg went to Deehima
and exerted much influence upon Japanese
pupils such as Genzui ida gewa, Gentaku
Osuki. Among doctors Of Western train
ing at that time may be mentioned such
men as DR.. Tsuboi, who was the first writer
on hygiene in Japan; DR.. M%itsukurI, father
of DR.. Kikueli, ex-Minister Of Education;
Prof. Mitsukuri Of the Toxic Imperial
University, DR.. Ogata and DR.. Yoehimasu
Of Osaka. Finally in 1923 DR.. Siebold
opened an academy at Ma gasah and sowed
the seeds Of the new civilization among
Japanese scholars.
1t was to these men that Japan, for some
100 years before the reopening OF her doors,
owed what knowledge she had Of the
sciences and progress Of the Western world.
viscount Hayashi's father. DR.. Sato. was
one Of these men, and viscount Hayashi's
brother, Baron Matsumoto, the first or
ganizer Of the Department Of Army Sur
geons, was trained under them.
In later years 9TH r foreign influences
bore upon Japan. In 1911, forty-three
years before Commodore Perry went to
Japan, the Tokugena Government estab-
lished the Bureau Of Translation OF Western
Books, which later. in 1868, became the
hhlocbuo VI dtohoihy III pIonuotioH VI
Western civilization, and Is now the Toxic
Imperial University. In 1862 the Gov
eminent sent out the first party of young
students to Holland-Uohide, Akamatsu.
Save and Enomto In the navy, Nishi and
Tsuda to study political science and law,
Ito and Hayashi to study medical science.
The ambitious son Of DR.. Sato desired
10 enter the Kaiseisho, but finding there
wa a rule preventing the entrance Of all
who were not Tokugawa's direct vassals,
he was adopted by DR.. Hayashi, one Of the
Tokugawa physicians and a relative Of his
mother. As his con he obtained the privi-
lege Of entering the institution.
After he had been graduated from the
Kaiseisho, young Hayashi learned the-Elg-
lish language under the instruction Of DR..
Hepburn. q pioneer medical missionary to
Japan, who lie now living at Orange, N. J.
While the future Minister Of Foreign
AKairS was reading Dutch books at the
Kaiseisho Japan was passing a critical point
In her history, being subjected to strong for.
eign pressure from uotside and being torn
internally by the struggles Of three parties,
radical, progressive and conservative.
~Shimonoseki was attacked by the COM
bined feets Of America, England, France