New-York tribune., 1906-12-09

E4% think ak sa r w M is Of o no q account either for
motive means. or who urge that but for the light
ScantIlng Of the contemporary cup racers. canvas
of huge steam greyhounds whizzing power
boats We have TO reply 10 these croakers that
though driven off certain lines Of trade but seems
10 new conditions This adaptation or Change - he
gan with the introduction OF iron and steel into
sailing vessels with the famous Aberdeen tea clip
pers-vessels longer and lower than ours OF that
period great carriers, but with moderate sheer and
very Wet This reduction of cost. and hence econ
omy OF labor led to the next modification. the in
Ntnuoh 3i sIIt or double tppsails and tcpgallant-
l,asls, involving smaller sails for given amount
OF canvas IHtSe changes reduced the speed of
Vice and QUICK transit freghts beng i i5I Se6
@ Azed by steam this was detail of decreasing i'm
whether for passengers officers or crews from be-
to Tbs was great gain in t the re directoa iR
But the climax came when small deck engines.
s ssalied donkey engines, we're introduced to do the
ing ,rg up me anchors stevedore work and the Ike.
These engines need but man. and are run at
minating point in this evolution of the commercial
sailing snip For by each Of these changes small
er crews were needed In proportion to the increas-
ing size of ships. and. Of course the larger the
proportonate expense for building and maintain
Ing these modern sailing vessels.
oE square rlgged vessels, with three, four and
SUCH our ship buider Ev we Ins naeg a Gut lev
chiefly TO schooners of from three flve masts
masts. for. the tonnage Increases the length Of
the hull Increases while the breadth is propor-
long, heavy and unwieldy TO be managed with ease
or safety The height of masts is proportoned to
IN former days vessels ranged from three to fve
beams Three 10 four beams was long the rule in
the English navy, and the mainmast OF a ship 20l
teet iong would otten be more than two hundred
feet high from deck 10 truck Now the length of
seagclng merchant vessels ranges from five 10
eight beams, ana the rnasts are proportionately
shortened % tens i as the & length Of hull increases Now
These points be best illustrated by referring
10 the schooner Thomas W. Lawson. a typical ex7
She is fore and-aft schooner 4O3 feet long and so
feet wide. Her width is thus one-eghth of her
i65 feet high. proportoned to the beam and the
length. Instead OF the usual long bowsDrt. in
no. no. handsome out proportioned to the other spars.
This immense vessel il built Of steel has six
with a capacity slightly greater. But what is most
remarkable ls the fact that the Lawson be
captain oihcefs ana cook. This is somewhat less
than II she were square rgged. but then she may
NOT be quite 50 handy for running down the trades
or or ciaWiihs on lee shore In "A gale OF wind. The
fabric that combines every qualification has yet
Now. If we compare the Lawson with the ships
or r 9ther days We find she possesses advantages
hlnlatrau1n never before known I'm the art Of ship
bullding In spite Of any claims she may have for
i aoih.shes strong proofs that We may hope that
shllihs Eillps VIII continue to show the gleam Of
come.
The Lawson only $4,000 and with only sew
titel men IAN carry $500 tons of freight. In the
entering New York barely 800 tons These
ing the cook besides The master and two Officers
or mates, and they cost, IA low estimate, say
Rcd tho cargo 81 the lawson at . cost % hin IN,
of npi less than s"1o0t ana The cost of tie ,,ILes
iwent ,-clght r,,utainx No lift'iarre in f.,' -
the large lons sailing ireishter Of the pr sent Iay