davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Shiner gazette. [volume] (Shiner, Tex.) 1893-current, 1906-05-23

| existing tax system does not always
result in the payment OF taxes upon
an equal and uniform basis by all the
people OF the state. This is In part
due to the fact, perhaps, that the az
sessments Of values are made upon
different ideas as to the true rule
which should govern in fixing the
value Of property for taxation. The
law should be very plain along these
lines and very strict in Its require
ments of those charged with the duty
of assessing property values for tax.
alton. II an Individual avoids the
payment of his Just share of taxes, he
is Sinking his obligation and duty as q
citizen. IL q corporation avoids pay
ing Its just share of taxes. 1t not only
shirks duty but unlawfully with
holds that which rightfully belongs
, to its very creator. Corporations
generally, railroads specially, cannot
justly be placed upon the same planes
OF taxation that will reach and justly
tax the property of the citizen. Their
property values are not all embodied
In tangible property which may be
looked upon, examined and fairly es-
timated in value. Their charter
rights and privileges, the exercise of
which In the operation of their tan.
gible property yield large revenues
derived from the public, must ali be
taken into consideration In estimat-
ing the values upon which they should
be taxed. In some of the states
methods of taxing them have been
adopted which, to large extent.
reach all these elements of their prop.
erty and subject them to reasonable
and fair taxation. Among those
methods is that of taxing the gross
receipts of such corporations. and
this method has been upheld by courts
OF nigh authority as reasonable and
just. The state of Texas has enter
ed upon this line, through the action
OF the last general session of the leg
lslature, to effectually reach private
corporate property in this state for
purpose of taxation. AS have here,
tofore publicly stated, | indorse the
principles and ,olicies embodied in
these measures, and now say that
no backward step ought to be taken
by this state in the policy thus in.
adgurated. Some of these measures
nave been assailed in the courts as
invalid, but | cannot believe, In view
OF the numerous decisions of courts
OF last resort, including the supreme
court OF the United State, UNFOLDING
measures In other states embodying
the vital principles embraced in
these measures, that this avenue of
taxation of private corporate property
VIII or can be closed to the people OF
Texas.
Shiner gazette. [volume] (Shiner, Tex.) 1893-current, 1906-05-23
The unlversIty Of Texas

Has not yet reached that high
standard of excellence, though it
is a high-class university, that should
be reached by the central educa-
tional institution of the State of
Texas; and such legislation should
be enacted as is necessary to
steadily bring it forward and
upward until it is the equal of
any university in the country, The
Constitution Of the state mandatorily
and solemnly enjoins this duty upon
the legislature by declaring, "The Leg
islature shall y provide for the
maintenance, support and direction
OF university of tAe first-class
for the promotion of literature and
Shiner gazette. [volume] (Shiner, Tex.) 1893-current, 1906-05-23
State convIo.g and Public Roads.

am opposed to the policy of put.
ting state convicts in servitude to in,
dividuals or private corporations,
thereby enabling private parties to
profit by their labor and affording
temptation to the employer to give
improper treatment to such convicts
The making of private profits out of
the penal servitude of individuals, is
utterly abhorrent to my ideas of free
government, and of humanity as well.
The Democratic party of this state
lA1892 declared in its platform: 1--WE
believe tho custom Of hiring out and
l{sing conyicts to corporations and
Jrivate persons to be against public
6oicy.p But year after year we
nave continued this system in force.
1 fnK1ng fittle progress toward It's
hbolishment. do not believe there
Is any valid excuse for continuing
this policy that is SO generally OPP
posed by the great majority of our
people. OF course, the change must
w accompanied in way to provide
for work and prison accommodation
fcr the convicts now under lease
Without unduly burdening the tax pay
rs of the state. One field in which
abort term convicts could be used to
yleat advantage to the public is In
working upon the public roads. The
construction of good roads in this
state is of very great Importance to
the people, and convict labor could
be utilized to advantage by the var
lous counties in the construction OF
good roads; and believe the state
should extend the policy on which It
| Nas already embarked by establish
8 the iron works at the Rusk pen
| .ntiary of employing convicts in
j manufacture of commodities used
by the people of Texas and not manu-
featured in this state by private en-
terprises, the production and price
| Of which are controlled by trusts. II
could Immediately establish at one
| OF our prisons cotton bagging and
binder Irvine factory. This would In
| volve no experiment, as the policy
has been thoroughly tested and prov
en- to be economical to the state ant
of great financial benefit to the con
sumer in other states. While l an
not sufficiently acquainted with The
details to make positive assertion
| believe the same policy could bl
extended practically to the manufac
ture OF refined oil from our Texas OF
fields. If were elected governor
should urgently recommend the adoT
ton by the state government OF tn
policy of employing Its convict labo
to the fullest extent practicable Il
the construction of good publ
roads and In the manufacture G
truet-controlIed commodities largel
consumed In Texas, in the manufa'
ture of which Texas labor is not an
cannot be employed.
Shiner gazette. [volume] (Shiner, Tex.) 1893-current, 1906-05-23
Revenue and Taxation.

\ No public questions come SO close
~ home to the individual citizen as
that of taxation Every right-thlnk-
ing citizen recognizes the fact that
he is under obligation to contribute
OF his means his fair share to the
support Of the government under
which he lives. An examination Of
&c constitutional provisions upon
Nat subject discloses that the pur-
pose and intent as therein expressed
Is to require every property owner
in the state to contribute his just
and fair proportion to the expenses OF
the state government in proportion te
the value of his property, without
distinction as to classes OF property
or owners OF property. It has doubt
lsss been the purpose OF our leeisla
lures to carry out this constitutions
reinforcement, and while their worl
las not reached perfection, l do no
believe that all the labor and wisdom
That has heen expended upon TIM
anhieo, by former governors and log
lalalora ol tho state has been In vain
Neither do believe that all OF lhel
work nhould DO thrown aside and a.
anure now ayatom OF taxation devils
od / DO believe, however, mat Va
Shiner gazette. [volume] (Shiner, Tex.) 1893-current, 1906-05-23
Corporations.

The Constitution of this state pro-
vides that general laws shall be enact
ed providing for the creation of pri-
vate corporations. Many sucn have
been organized under the provisions
of the statutes so passed. Such cor
porations should be protected In the
exercise of every legitimate and pro
per function and their lawful and
constitutional rights fairly guaran.
teed. The Constitution not only prt
yides for the creation of private COR
porations, but further requires that
the legislature shall provide fully for
the adequate protection of the public
and of the individual stockholders of
such corporations. And also, that
mo corporation shall issue stock or
bonds except for money paid. labor
done, or property actually received
| This requirement of the Constitution,
| In my Judgment, has not been fully
| met. The existing statutes do not
| fully provide for the adequate pro-
| lection of the public and of the In
/ liivdual stockholders of private cor
| porations, In this: that there has not
been sufficient provision for scrutin-
lzing and supervising the manner and
| method of organizing private cor
porations, Of making public the
amount of money actually paid in as
capital stock, nor for such inspection
and control thereof by the state as
would adequately protect the public
and stockholders. They are creatures
of the law, and their existence is on,
iy justified In the fact that they may
Il benefit the people of the state, and
the state should not permit Its crea-
lures to conduct business in such a
manner as to perpetrate fraud up
on the public or stockholders. Prop
er restrictions along the lines sug-
gested would not tend to the dis
couragement of the formation OF cor
porations. but on the contrary woulo
encourage their formation and pro
. mote their conduct OF business and
. have a tendency to guarantee their
! solvency. Corporate domination In
his state, however, Is not to he toll
Grated. Corporations must be the
utilities OF the people. and must moi
/ be permltted 10 become their masters
10 this end. | would exerelse every
!. power lawfully imposed In me %
7 thoroughly and eifectually eliminate
a them from politics aud force them, y
, many ni them never have done, Y
. contribute Melr Just share of tho "a
Shiner gazette. [volume] (Shiner, Tex.) 1893-current, 1906-05-23
County Finances.

Our national government in the
management of it's postal affairs, as
we'll as In its supervision over nation
al banks, has instituted and adopted
a system of uniform accounting and
auditing as check upon misconduct
on the part of officials In charge. This
same business policy 10 in vogue in
business concerns and corporations
of magnitude in our country. 1t is
my candid opinion that the same bust
ness policy of uniform accounting
and auditing accounts should be ap-
piled to our county affairs and fl
nances. While it Is to be conceded
that in the main our public officials
are and have been high-minded, hon
orable men, yet 1t Is hardly to be ex.
pected, nor can 1t be presumed, that
at all times and in all counties such
officials will be of that character;
and for the protection of the vast
financial interests of the counties of
this state, "a system Of uniform ac-
counts and auditing should be es-
tablished and required. Under this
system 1t would be the duty of the
auditor to audit the books of officials
without previous warning, This char
acter of auditing would stand as a
preventive against speculation with
public funds or the misapplication Oh
the same, and would result in speedy
discovery Of malfeasance of county
officers in this state. 1t would be a
simple application of well-establish,
ed and recognized business principles
and methods to the business affairs
of the counties of this state.
Shiner gazette. [volume] (Shiner, Tex.) 1893-current, 1906-05-23
Occupation Taxes.

The principle involved in levying
occupation taxes upon the occupation
OF individuals engaged in useful call
lngs and businesses and enjoying no
special concessions from the govern
ment can only be jstified in times
when there Is great emergency fer
raising large amounts of revenue.
There should be no tax or thrift
Every citizen ought to be encouraged
rather than obstructed in his laudable
efforts and ambitions to engage in and
pursue a useful and commendable
calling that will bring to him suf.
fclent compensation to make him ,ss,s,4
his family comfortable and indepeud-
ent In life. | believe, therefore. and
would recommend, that occupation
taxes upon all such useful occupations
should be repealed. The amount OF
revenue that would be thereby cut
off from the state and municipal gov
ernments should be made good by in.
creasing the occupation taxes upon
non-useful occupations. The placing
of such additional taxes upon the
liquor traffic in this state would aid
in regulating and controlling a class
Of business that draws heavily upon
the state for police regulation and
control, and the effect which it would
necessarily have to lessen and thin
out the many doggeries and beer
Joints in Texas would thereby in
crease the ability and lesson the ex-
pense of regulating them, to the in
finite betterment of society.
Shiner gazette. [volume] (Shiner, Tex.) 1893-current, 1906-05-23

the arts and sciences, including an
Agricultural and mechanical depart
ment." In this institution the sons
of Texas should receive mental train
ing and equipment that will qualify
them to successfully fight the battles
of Texas against the brightest In,
tellects from the outside world. II
Texas is to stand in the front rank
of development, progress and enlight'
ment, she must not only have a pa
triotic citizenship, but she must have
minds of the highest order OF train
ing, culture and learning to defend
her rights and institutions upon all
occasions and against any and all
who would impair them. Mirabeau
b. Lamar, president of the Republic
of Texas, expressed his estimate OF
the Importance of educating the
minds of our young men in this gem
of expression: Cultivated mind Is
the guardian genius Of democracy. II
is the only dictator that free men
acknowledge, aud the only security
that freemen DESIRE"
Shiner gazette. [volume] (Shiner, Tex.) 1893-current, 1906-05-23
my TELLoW CITIZENS:

M fhl1llOW OlllAhlNO.
I am profoundly grateful for the
privilege which you have so cordially
extended to me of opening my cam
paign for governor in a speech at
this, my old home; and language is
inadequate to express my gratitude
for the magnificent reception which
you today tender me. The people of
Hunt county have known me since
the days of my boyhood, are acquain-
ted with my merits, whatever they
may be. and with my faults as well,
and this fact makes your demonstra'
ton of interest In my candidacy
specially gratifying to me. I accept
ed the invitation to deliver the open
ing address of my campaign here and
before you, feeling that 1t would be
peculiarly appropriate that | should
first make declaration of the grounds
upon which aspire to the highest
honor that could be conferred by the
Democratic party OF the state upon
a citizen, to the people among whom
I have lived the better part OF my
manhood and with whom have labor
ed In the interest OF Democracy and
good government all of these years.
To you first, then to all the people OF
Texas, 1t is due that should clearly
set forth the principles and policies
for which l stand in asking the suf-
frage OF the people for the great
office of governor. l have always be-
lieved that 1t was the duty of a citi-
zen to carefully and considerably
form, and frankly express, his opin-
ion upon all public questions, and
this duty is specially obligatory upon
him when he asplres to public posi-
ton. The voters should not be left
In doubt as to the convictions of a
candidate for governor, and 1t is my
purpose so plainly and unequiyocal
" to state my position upon matters
Of public concern that every voter
In Texas may intelligently determine
whether or not should receive his
vote in the primary.
Shiner gazette. [volume] (Shiner, Tex.) 1893-current, 1906-05-23
The Normal Schools

Under state control are highly
that the schools OF
the state may be supplied
with teachers abreast with all
the modern methods of education l
believe that these normal schools
should be fostered and such legisla,
ton enacted in their behalf as VIII
successfully maintain them n fuli
strength and vigor. The plan OF ard
ing them and those who aspire to be
teachers in the public schools of this
state by state appropriation for free
scholarships in the normal schools
which has already been entered nponl
should be kept up, If net made more
liberal. School teachers In Texas
public schools should be trained IN
Texas insts. -tions, and our system
Of normal sychools is most excel
lent means of attainin this end.
Shiner gazette. [volume] (Shiner, Tex.) 1893-current, 1906-05-23

The policy already entered upon
by the state In the establishment OF
the industrial School for Girls at
Denton Is to be commended, and In
NV Judgment that institution should
haye substantial ENCOURAGEMENT and
reneroua treatment from the state,
and. az gar as practicable, Industrial
education should be ONT 9qed wl'hln
tho llnNa OF instruction. provided Tor
our public free schools,
IL Ia OF grave lmporlnnce 10 the
maintenance OF our public school nyp
Shiner gazette. [volume] (Shiner, Tex.) 1893-current, 1906-05-23

tenn to properly handle our public
school lands and the proceeds Of sale
of such lands. The income to the
public free schools from the lands
set apart for that purpose should be-
increased as far as possible. In or
der that this may be done, in addition
to the present requirements of the
laws, there should be such provisions
made as would absolutely insure the
receipt from this source Of full value
from all lands leased or used.
Shiner gazette. [volume] (Shiner, Tex.) 1893-current, 1906-05-23
The Agricultural and Mechanical
College

The Agricultural and Mechanical
College
Closely touches the material pros
perity and development Of the state.
1t was designed specially for the edu-
cation of the farming youth Of the
state, and 1t has already attained to
a standard OF success and usefulness
that is highly gratifying 10 the people
of Texas. Its facilities for teaching
agriculture, horticulture, mechanics,
and other departments of learning
are superior already; its halls, how
ever, are now so crowded that many
of the young men of Texas are ue
prived of its splendid privileges on
account of the inadequacy of build
lngs. This condition should not long
er exist, but sufficient appropriation
should be made to meet the growing
demands upon this institution and
furnish accommodation to all the
young men of Texas who may desire
to avail themselves of its benef ts-
Wore governor l would recommend
such legislation In itA behalf as would
improve Il until 1t would be the pride
OF every citizen of the state who be-
lieves in the dignity of honest and
honorable toll.
Shiner gazette. [volume] (Shiner, Tex.) 1893-current, 1906-05-23
SPEECH OF JUDGE N. N. BROOKS
Opening His Campaign for Governor,
at Greenville, May the Fifth.

rests upon him to say whether or not
their action is or will be fer the best
interests of the people. If his judg-
ment be convinced that it is not, then
with unhinching courage he should
assign his reasons and interpose the
exercise of his veto power
Shiner gazette. [volume] (Shiner, Tex.) 1893-current, 1906-05-23
relations to the Leslsla
ture,

ri tuTc,
IN the discharge of the constitu-
3,onal obligation of furnishing inIor-
nation to the legislature as 10 the
4 Condition of the state, he must unuer.
,tand that condition, that Is, ne must
,ndarstand the condition OF all por-
e sons Of the state and of all classes
~ -eonle Of the state. This intorma-
sfon ,s h he furnished for a purpose
ena hat purpose Is to aid the legs
sat,,re in shaping legislation On
th,s information he has to recon-
ana auch measures as he may deem
a-nedient. Expedient for WHAT FIX
oSssnt for the betterment OF the con
Rst,on ~ the people Of the state =
i. 10 he nresumed that each mempel
- the legislature will be informed
and advised as to the conultion ,. s,'
interests of the immeaiale see.' ~
which he represents. me govern 49,
nm the other hand, Is presumeu 70 -, -,
n;sh his information and make -,
recommendation from the Droa'
standpoint OF all the people OF the ~
t,re state. He should know the coi
d,t,ons and interests OF the NortI
the south. Of the East and the West
snd ~ the country, the village, IN
town and the city; OF capital ana
,abor. OF agriculture. horticuitur'
ssocE raising. commerce ana mani
ssctwre. of all professions, calling
cccnnations and business; but In N
recommendation he must not give "
due consideration 10 one OF tnes
against tho other. Locking 10 ~
INST. the present and the future, 100
mr. 10 tho fundamental law OF y
land. and realizing his reaponHlnllIl
10 tho people and 10 God, he ahou
make his recommendations witno
foar or favor When the loSlnln!u.
has acted. lhon tho Feapoua'n'n
Shiner gazette. [volume] (Shiner, Tex.) 1893-current, 1906-05-23

schools, and especially to the poorer
class, from the education of whose
children 1t has been demonstrated
that the very best results of public
education are attained.
Shiner gazette. [volume] (Shiner, Tex.) 1893-current, 1906-05-23

d. - aered or performed, while gov
ItIAs the chief executive, he Is
made commander-in-chief OF the
Militia Of the state; given the power
i cqWHnne the legislature In extraor-
*nary session; required at the com
a encament of each session of the leg
Nature. and at the close OF MS
srm 10 give to the legislature In
Dbrmation by message of the coudi-
hon OF the state, and recommend TO
Ne legislature such measures as ne
Nav deem expedient. He Is requir-
M ia cause the laws to be faithfully
Executed. He is given the parqonihg
Mower and the power to fill vacancies
state and district Offices, except
l,embers Of the legislature. He Is
{iven the veto power over legisla-
Ion. All of these powers are accom-
3anied nv certain constitutional re-
8trictions and qualifications. From
his summary of the powers confer
"a and duties imposed upon the gov
Hruor. you will at once see tnat no
|5reater or more solemn responsibility
IIbuld be placed upon a citizen by .
pvereign state, because the exercise
N i, csc mowers and the discharge OF
nese duties will affect the lives, I'D
rty and property of every citizen o.
|2ha state. A failure In the discharge
N any of these obligations may IN
,r,ously erect the lives, liberty o, o.
property of any one or all Oh tne GU
ens OF the state.
Shiner gazette. [volume] (Shiner, Tex.) 1893-current, 1906-05-23
c.rsr., putles Of the Governor.

The Constitution Of the state pro-
vides that the governor shall be the
chief executive officer of the state.
1t sets him apart and separates him
from all private interests by proyid'
ing that he shall not hold any other
office; that he shall not practice any
profession, or receive any compensa-
ton, reward, fee or the promise there
OF for the same; and that he shall not
receive any salary. reward, OF com
pensatjaa ar promise thereof from
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1906-07-27

cipal slaughtering establishments
were opened in 1888, which took the
place of nearly 1000 private slaugh-
ter houses. In the United States
commercial consolidation has greatly
lessened the number of small slaugh.
ter houses, the concentration making
possible, if properly conducted, sys-
tenn of government inspection.
The packing industry in this coun-
try may be traced back to the seven
teenth century and to New England,
when and where large quantities Of
pork were packed in barrels to be
sent out for foreign trade. The west
now leads in this now gigantic indus
try, the present tendency being to
carry on the business nearer the cat
tie raising districts. The first pack.
ing house in the west was located at
Cincinnati, established in 1918. This
city continued to lead in the indus
try for number of years, but Chi.
cage came to the fore, and other
towns forged ahead: Milwaukee, Kan!
sas City, st. Louis and Omaha. !
Probably the first attempt made
to regulate the conduct Of places
The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1906-07-27

Patrick's next move was more sue
cessful. The court of appeals on July
"a, just IA days before Patrick was to
die,> granted a stay of execution pend
ing new hearing and re-argument on
the grounds of newly discovered evil
Gience. This was followed on October
2 by a motion for re-argument of Pat
rick's original appeal, but on October
q the court of appeals decided against
Patrick by refusing to reopen his case
and denying the motion for a re-argu-
ment
On November 10 Patrick asked the
court of appeals to amend the record
of decision in the case. His motion was
denied. Matters began to look grave.
On July Justice Rogers called Pat
rick to the bar in the criminal branch
of the supreme court and sentenced
him to die in the week beginning Janu-
airy % of this year. Then Patrick made
a personal appeal to Gov. Higgins for a
stay of execution. The appeal was de-