The sun., 1906-12-31

SAptO VI nEnbENs u pAaShuhhLCI Va AAo
original ideas, and even as a Russian
spy. This latter suspicion was intensi-
fed by the easy way in which he escaped
from Russia, from Siberia, and his free
dom from molestation at the hands OF
the Russian Gov ernment.
BAKUNIN broke away from his asso-
oiates at Berne in 1858 and with the
brothers REcLUs. ALBERT RICHARD and
JUKowsKY he then formed at Geneva
the Socialist Democratic Alliance. IL
was a variation Of the international,
and had among its secret grades the
International Brethren, numbering 100.
a college Of Internal cardinals Of an
archy, who were to direct the coming
social revolution. In 1850 the row be-
tween the Marx group and the BalSunir
group went so far that later, In 1877,
BAKUNIN was forced out of the Inter-
national at Hague and the anarchists
and Social Democrats finally split
asunder. MARX, who was a foe TO
PRoUDHoN's ideas, calling his "Philos-
ophy Of Want" want Of Philosophy,
triumphed over BAKUNIN, in whom he
rightfully recognized the type Of agitator
dangerous to all legitimate forms Of
social reconstruction. Thus the anarch-
istic impulse due to PRoUDHoN's illogical
and emotional temperament squandered
itself in midair like a skyrocket.
Prince KRoPoTKIN Is the represen-
tative type OF anarchist communist.
A ,,.A,.,1zx. - h. T,,raaa,n n,fnA a
sought for constructive theory rather
than a destructive. Like the REcLUs
brothers, he ID a mathematician and a
scientist. He insists that the State
should not interfere with the individual.
In America just now he would reverse
that opinion, substituting President for
State. He saw that anarchism and
collectivism coula not be reconciled, SO
he substituted for the latter the concept
of communism with the motto, Every
thing belongs to allF STIRNRR had said,
An belongs to me-" the acme Of the
anarchistic idea. KRoPorKIN built up as
a theory -the Economics Of the Heap"
that paternalistic heap from which all
mankind was to help itself. Let
this Utopian idea not be confuted; 1t
never existed, never could exist. Vii
lage communism, the Russian mir, from
which so many Of it's subjects escape TO
America, was not a primitive form Of
property. II, too, is an evolution. There
was never, as ROUSSEAU, the 6rst true
Socialist, asserted, social contract.
All economic values are the result Of a
painful evolution and, as SPENCER said,
-from the heterogeneous to the homo
geneous."
How little homogeneity there was in
mmunistic-anarchism was proved by
the divagations Of the "Freeland' Of
HERTzKA, by the vacillations Of EUoEN
DrHRINo, an anti-Semite; by EoIDY,
by MOSES HESS, by KARL GRtN and
WrLHELM MARI. The latter seems to
have shown sterner stun than his fellow
dreamers. He was the head OF the Ger
man Democratic Union in Switzerland.
But naught came Of all this theorizing
BAKuNIN, the agitator, the practitioner
Of force, Ia dead, and Prince KRoPoTKIN
is the only prominent anarchist-com-
munist.
The hyphenated phrase is harmless.
1t no longer means anything. II BERK-
MAN is faithful to the vague and windy
tenets of this humanitarian party-a
something neither fish nor flesh nor
good red anarchy-he may become a
useful citizen, more useful, perhaps
than the majority OF our native young
sprouting socialistic millionaires.