davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The National tribune., 1906-06-14

By this device the gear practically
changes from high to low in the course
of every revolution of the pedals.
sprocket elliptical instead of round. His
cycle, which was first noted in the Re-
vUe du Touring Club de France
(March), is described as follows in Cos
mos (Paris. May 81:
1.-The machine invented by Capt. Della
croix is just like the ordinary models,
except that the sprocket, instead of be-
ing circular, is elliptical. This innova-
ton, the inventor claims. enables the
rider to climb hills more easily and with
less fatigue and thus has special ad-
vantages in a hilly country.
1.-The explanation is quite simple. The
pedals are mounted on the short axis Of
the ellipse; consequently when the pedal
is at the highest point Gig. -, which
is where the cyclist finds the conditions
most unfaVorable to the eXertion cf his
strength, the arm of the lever against
which he pushes is shortest.
Just as if the machine had circular
sprocket whose diameter was the short
axis of the ellipse, as shown in the fig
ure. On the contrary. the cranks are
horizontal at the moment Gig. p when
the cyclist is able to exert his full
strength, and the lever-arm is then
equal to the long axis; the gear is thus
at the maximum and is that of bicycle
whose SprOcket mas diameter equal 10
the major axis of the ellipse.
"A notable fact is that between these
two limiting positions the gear increases
In the same ratio as the ability of the
cyclist to increase his effort, and in
yersely, which gives a better utilization
of his strength. Suppose, for example,
that the minor axis Is equal to two
thirds OF the major; if the gear is 40 in
the case of Fig. 1, it will be 60 in Fig.
2, and it will have between these two
positions all possible values between 40
and 60.
This kind of oval sprocket Is thus
very rational and logical for hfll-clfmb-
ing 1t could not take the place OF
well-planned changeable gear, but 1t
seems much superior to the ordinary
machine. By experiment it has been
shown that il is as easy TO climb a tve-
per cent grade with an oval sprocket as
with a circular sprocket of much lower
gear Doubtless on level road there
would be a certain Objectionable irregu-
larity in the pedaling. for the rotation
of the pedals is not uniform as in the
ordinary model: nevertheless. according
to the inventor, the change would not
be perceptible with an ellipse whose
minor axis was three-Quarters of the
major. With greater difference a lit
tie practice would be necessary.
"There is one difficulty that had toI
be overcome before the system could be
put into practical effect. The elliptical
sprocket requires a constant alteration
in the length of the chain. so that 1t
cannot be used without an auxiliary de-
vice of some kind. But we know that If
two parallel tangents be drawn to an
ellipse the length of the included are 's'
The National tribune., 1906-06-14
Fluid Battery.

Editor National Tribune: Please favor
me with a good recipe for making a
fluid battery which will produce strong
electrical current.-James Penn, Flor
ence, N. ].
Batteries of all types and forms are
offered in such numbers and sold so
cheaply that it is hardly worth while
for one to try to make one himself. The
following direction is given for making
homemade Daniel cell, which Is one
of the oldest and most popular forms of
single-cell batteries:
Select a small, round earthenware
jar, such as is used for keeping pre-
serves, and having lined the bottom with
gutta percha or some suitable cement
to the depth of one-quarter of an inch,
fix upright in this rod of zinc, of equal
height with the jar, to which a length
of copper wire has been attached by
passing it through a hole drilled in the
upper part of the zinc rod or by solder
ing. Make a cylinder of pipe clay or
other porous clay larger than the zinc
rod, and having dried it, make it hot in
the fire by degrees till it attains a red
heat. Let this cylinder cool gently, and
when cold place 1t in the jar around
the center rod, encircling it little dis
tance. By moderately heating the end
of the cylinder 1t will, when placed on
the gutta percha, make a groove which
will fix the tube and prevent infiltration
of the fluids. Line the inside of the jar
with a plate of thin copper, bent into
cylindrical form and having a few holes
punched in it, through which may be
threaded the extremity of another
length of copper wire. On the top of
this cylinder place a fiat ring of copper
pierced with holes, and nearly, but not
quite, touching the porous cylinder. This
forms the battery. To charge 1t, take
saturated solution of sulphate of copper
poured between the copper and the clay
tube, and some crystals of the same salt
are placed upon the perforated ring. SO
as just to be in contact with the solu-
ton. The zinc compartment is then to
be filled with a solution of sulphate of
zinc, sal ammoniac or common salt
Editor National Tribune.
The National tribune., 1906-06-14

the Guatemalan soldiers above G5scrib-
ed. They are simple fellows. A num-
Der of the privates whom I saw had
evidently just been supplied with new
shoes. They wore them so awkwardly.
as if they hurt their feet, and no doubt
they did Shoe manufacturing Is not I
very good business to engage in
throughout Central America, for the
wearing of them is not popular.
An American was shot a few years
ago at Puerto Cortez by a soldier. After
o'clock sentries are posted at the ell
trance to the steamboat pier and docks.
This American did not understand any
Spanish, and when hailed did not re-
spond. The guard shot, and the Amer
ican was killed. The United States Gov
ernment took the matter up. and COM
PEELED Honduras to pay a large sum for
this killing.
1 had to pass this same sentry station
one night, but had been posted before
hand, and was prepared 10 answer the
sentry. However. it startled me when,
with the above incident in mind, long
The National tribune., 1906-06-14
The 10th N. ".

Editor National Tribune: 1 wish you
would send me a sketch of the 107th
y. Y, and oblige-Chas. Mitchell,
Gwynnbrook, Md.
The i07th n. Y. was organized at Ell
mira in August. 1862, and mustered
out June 5. 1865. the recruits being
transferred to the 60th n. Y. Col. Rob-
ert Van Valkenburg was discharged
Oct. 8. 1862: Col. Alexander S. Diven,
who was breyetted Brigadier-General
Aug. 80. 1862, was discharged May IL,
1868. Col. Miron M. Crane then took
command. He was breyetted a Briga-
der General March 13. 1865. This reg
iment was the first Northern regiment
TO organize under the second call, and
the first to arrive in Washington. where
1t was honored by personal visit from
the President. The State also showed
appreciation of its enterprise by pre-
senting it with a fine banner. 1t be-
ionged to Williams's Division, Twelfth
Corps, and lost 81 killed and 131 from
disease, etc.-Editor National Tribune.
The National tribune., 1906-06-14

settlement. occupancy entry ana ;oca- a.
obedience to law.
prescribe all needful rules and regula-
tions necessary to carry into full effect
the opening herein provided for.
In testimony whereof, have here
unto set my hand and caused the seal
Of the United States to be affixed.
Done at the City of Washington this
End day Of June in the year of our
Lord one thousand nine hundred and
six, and Of the Independence of the
United States the one hundred and thir-
tieth. .-
(Sea11 Theodore Roosevelt.
By the President: Elihu Root, Secretary
of State
The National tribune., 1906-06-14
A IRRATIONAL BICYCLE,
New French Invention Which 1t In
Claimed VIII RevOlutionize Bicycle
RuiIdiar.

The cyclist finds that his pedals are
not always in a position where he can
exert his power to the greatest advan-
tage. He would like always to push in
direction at right angles to the pedal
crank, but he can do this strictly only
at one point in the revolution. At this
point he could manage a much higher
geared cycle than at the others. Now
Capt. Delacroix, a French inventor, has
devised a wheel in which the gear prac-
tically changes from high to low in the
course of every revolution of the pedals,
being highest at the point where the
power can best be applied and lowest
where 1t is applied at disadvantage.
This he accomplishes by making his
The National tribune., 1906-06-14
The SD Wis.

Editor National Tribune: Please
give me a short history Of the 33d Wis.
I should like to find Comrade Orvill
Rhodes, of Co. e. SD Wis.-James X
Clark, Grafton, Iowa.
The 3Sd Wis was organized at Mil
waukee. Oct. II. 1862, and was mus
tered out Aug. 8. 1865. Col. Jonathan
B. Moore was brevetted a Brigadier-
General March &c. 1865. Lieut.. Col
Horatio II. Virgin then took command
who was brevetted Colonel March 49,
1865. 1t belonged to Lauman's Divi-
sion, Sixteenth Corps. and lost three
killed and 169 from disease, etc.-Edi-
tor National Tribune.
The National tribune., 1906-06-14

before I could see the sentry. shrill
cry broke the silence of the night A
second time he called out "Quien vive'
C!iterally. Where do you live'). The
answer was Honduras" Then came
the question, Who. are you." and the
answer. IAN American going to the
steamer" Advance" came the COM
mand. and I saluted the sentry and
passed on.
The system of spies and espionage is
present in all these little Central Amer
lean Republics. In Guatemala 1t was
more noticeable than anywhere else
Soon after landing, and while seated At
The National tribune., 1906-06-14
SOLDIERS BEYOND
THE RIO GRANDE.
CONTINUED from p.

from the Minister of War. This rule
is enforced by forbidding the steamship
lines from selling tickets to passengers
until provided with the required per
NIT to leave the country.
Soldiers in uniform are to be seen in
every town and village. The forces in
arms number about $4,000 men in a
population of less than 100000. In
appearance and uniform they resemble
The National tribune., 1906-06-14

the dining table in a small boarding.
house in Champerico, | asked: rs there
revolution in Guatemala now2" Alb,
solute silence followed for some time.
Finally native Guatemaltecan answer
ed with. mo, there is no revolution
After this man had gone out an Amer
ican who had been sitting at the table
took up the question and said that there
was considerable talk of a revolution
because of dissatisfaction, and the Gov
sTnmeDt was very much alarmed. He
added: I'VE have to be very careful
what we say. as sples are everywhers
and the man who first answered you is
one of them"
Foreigners are obliged to be on their
guard, for, if suspected, they are liable
to be thrust into Jail. In these coun-
tries it is an easy matter to get into
jail, but a difficult matter to get out.
There were few foreigners whom l could
induce oexpress themselves upon the
Government. All seemed to consider
that silence was the safest policy
Nevin o. Winter.
The National tribune., 1906-06-14
House.

The House, under suspension of the
rules, passed number of bills of minor
Importance.
The message of the President on meat
inspection was read and the report of
Messrs. Neill and Reynolds laid before
the House.
An early adjournment was taken out
of respect to the memory of Senator
German.
The National tribune., 1906-06-14
House.,

An attack on the White House ex-
penditures by Mr.. Brundige (Ark.) and
defense by Gen. GrOsvenor were the
features of a busy day in the House.
John Sharp Williams threatened
fiibuster in the event the effort was
made to deny the right to the House to
vote on the different propositions in
volved in the conference report on the
Statehood bill.
Mr.. Prince attacked the House con-
ferees for knocking sleeping cars from
the rate bill.
The National tribune., 1906-06-14
Work OF the Pntent Office.

For the ended June 5, 1906. the
Patent Office issued 672 patents. 1S de-
signs, 2S3 trademarks. Is labels, 10
prints and three reissues: making to-
tai of 1,004, of which GIG patents and
designs. and 299 trademarks went to
citizens OF the United States and IA pat
ents and R trademarks to citizens of
foreign countries.
The National tribune., 1906-06-14
A Reinforced Post.

The interest of inventors in reinforc-
ing concrete grows strongly each week,
and every issue of the Gazette has sew
eral patents for new methods of rein
forcing. Reinforced posts are particu-
larly in evidence, and a patent obtained
The National tribune., 1906-06-14
Combined Scissors and Pliers.

The disposition to patent combination
tools continues unabated, and Charles
W. Lurtey, Little Rock, Ark. has OBJ
tanned a patent for combination of
scissors and pliers. the latter being set
at an angle to the shear blades.
The National tribune., 1906-06-14

Japan consumes an immense quantity
of American cotton, and naturally de-
sires to grow the lint on her own terri
tory. She has therefore sent commits
sion to Korea to study the prospects of
growing cotton there. The Commission
reported favorably, and thinks that at
least SAC, 100000 worth of cotton can be
produced there annually. This need not
greatly alarm American growers. since
for more than half a century all the
Nations of Europe have been trying to
procure their cotton from other sources
than the United States. and though this
prospect seemed very hopeful. it has
never except in the instance of Egypt.
resulted in success. During the war of
the rebellion, the British Government
made the most extensive experiments,
expending a great amount of money. to
raise cotton in India. but the result was
not perceptible. This seems strange,
since India is the home of the cotton
plant, and for centuries most of the
worlds supply OF cotton and cotton
goods came from there. Great Britain
and Germany are now trying to raise
cotton in Africa. but so far have achiev-
ed little to encourage them.
The National tribune., 1906-06-14
GCESzsszzzZzXA

last week by Stephen Moltrup, Beaver
Falls, Pa, comprises a very strong re-
in metal strips wound in
right and left helices, and which in COM
bination with cement 1t is claimed will
make post stronger and more durable
than can be made from any other ma
terial
The National tribune., 1906-06-14
I--=GITNaaaso

from year to year. In this way the fish,
erman will be relieved from all anxiety
as to his crop of worms and the time
when they will have arrived at sufficient
fatness to be tempting to the wary but
voracious fish. Mr.. Olsby would make
the worm out of india rubber sufficient
ly pliable to wiggle naturally and be at
tached to the hook by an eye in the
nnDer end.
The National tribune., 1906-06-14
Wood EmbOssinS Machine.

The exhaustion of the valuable hard
woods and the substitution for them of
the much cheaper soft woods leads to
numerous efforts to make the latter ap-
The National tribune., 1906-06-14
@@ SCIENCE AND INVENTION.
Work Of e Worlds Busy Brains Discovering. Invenng and
Creating.
Rotary Engine.

Powell, Logan, Utah, for an enclosing
roller. which will represent the peculiar
grain Of the hard woods.
The National tribune., 1906-06-14
Artificial Bait.

The invention of Carl II. Olsby, VAL
ley City, N. D.. is intended to relieve
men of the labor of digging angle worms
by providing them with an artificial
worm as alluring to the fish as the nat
ural article, but capable of enduring
The National tribune., 1906-06-14
THE SPIRIT OF CONGRESS.
Some of the More Notable Pro.
ceedings of the Week.
Senate.

Monday, June 4.-The Senate ad-
journed Immediately upon the an
nouncement of the death of Senator
German.
The National tribune., 1906-06-14

BILE and independent high-pressure CYL
inders with a rotary piston in each.
Whether 1T will be more successful than
previous efforts remains to be deter
mined by actual practice.
The National tribune., 1906-06-14

Though there are something over
5000 patents for rotary engines. the
number is added to by one or two every
week. A novelty in this direction is a
patent obtained by Willfred ]. Artibee.
Chazy. N. Y, for a compound rotary
engine which has a plurality of separa-
The National tribune., 1906-06-14
BarreI-RoIIer Machine.

Thomas j. Merrell, Hindsboro, ILL.,,
has patented what looks like a useful
device to aid in rolling barrels. 1t has
The National tribune., 1906-06-14
Senate.

June THE Senate listened to two
set speeches-one by Mr.. Morgan, on
the Isle of Pines question. and the other
by Mr.. Hopkins, in opposition to sea-
level canal. Consideration of the Dis
trict appropriation bill also was begun.
The National tribune., 1906-06-14
House.

The House concluded one: third of
the Sundry Civil appropriation bill.
Messrs. Champ Clark and Fitzgerald
followed Mr.. Sullivan in attacking the
policy of Secretary Metcalf in refusing
to vigorously prosecute the Chinese ex-
clusion law.
The National tribune., 1906-06-14
Lndy's Hat Hanger.

We welcome the advent of another
woman into the field of invention. Cor
nelia 3. Hotchkiss, Watertown, Conn.,,
has devised an apparatus to meet a
The National tribune., 1906-06-14
Senate.

June 6.-After wrangling all after
noon over disputed points in the Confer
ence report on the Railroad-rate bill
that measure was sent back to confer
ence without recommendation.
The National tribune., 1906-06-14

long-feIt want in the feminine heart for
their dear Sprir- hats. 1t is made of
wire and consists of two rings and a
standard.
The National tribune., 1906-06-14

The House began the consideration
of the Sundry Civil bill, the last of the
annual supply budgets.
Mr.. Sullivan (Mass.) arraigned three
Cabinet officers, whom he charged with
having violated specific enactments of
Congress.
The National tribune., 1906-06-14
THE PRIME MOVER OF THE FUTURE,

THE PRIME MOVER OF THE FUTURE.
More and more the ideas Of engineers
and manufacturers are turning to the
gas engine, and more particularly to the
producer type as the great prime mover
of the future. All the economies are in
that direction. The smallest gas en-
gines have an efficiency of from 20 to
"a per cent, while the best and largest
steam engines scarcely exceed IL per
cent of the theoretic efficiency of the
fuel. There has been a recent test of a
producer gas engine with the anthracite
culm which forms hills of waste in
Pennsylvania, and the result. was de-
termination of the cost to be about l.!
mills per horsepower hour. 1t is con-
fidently asserted that these engines will
produce power at least IA per cen'
cheaper than 1t can be gained from
waterfalls. The old belief that the pro-
ducer gas engine requires more fire.
quent stops and cleaning than the steam
engine has not held good in practice.
The Erie Railroad Company has had
two 200-horsepower gas producer en-
gines IN operation at Jersey City for
seven years. and in one of them the fire
has never been out. No steam engine
could stand such test as this. Engine
builders are taking cognizance of this
increase in the use of gas producer en-
gines, and where five years ago not an
engine of this character was built in the
United States q recent call by the Car
negie Company for bids, brought out II
proposals from American builders of
engines of from 1000 to 2,000-horse-
power. r'
The National tribune., 1906-06-14

w. e. Scarritt, ex-President of the
Automobile Club of America, says that
we are soon to have very good run
abouts sold for $500 and touring cars
for $500 He thinks that the price will
go still lower, so that the average work
ingman will be able to own his own
automobile as he now owns his bicycle.
There is no real reason why we should
not have a good, serviceable runabout
at a price not great deal in excess of
what first-class buggy now costs. This
is certain to come. We know what q.
buggy costs, and the gas engines are
daily being made better and cheaper so
that as soon as certain problems con-
nected with the manufacture of auto
mobiles are worked out in practice and
the type becomes standardized they will
come down to price that will put them
within the reach of every man who can
now afford to have horse and buggy.
The National tribune., 1906-06-14
Senate.

June 5.-Amendments to the rate bill
made in conference were again consid-
cred by the Senate. Senators SpoOner,
Hale. and Morgan criticising the anti
pass provision. Senator Daniel sought
to have the employers liability bill re-
but did not succeed.
The National tribune., 1906-06-14

For a novelty there was not a single
hat-pin, hair-pin, hook-and-eye, gar
ment supporter, corset Or churn patent
ed last week, and only one non-refillable
bottle.
The National tribune., 1906-06-14
Especially AdmOnished.

All persons are especially admonished
that under said act of Congress ap-
proved March 3. 1903. 1t is provided
that no person shall be permitted to
settle upon, occupy, or enter any of
said lands except in the manner pre-
scribed in this proclamation until after
the expiration of 60 days from the time
when the same are opened to settle
ment and entry. After the expiration
If said period of so days, but not before,
as herein prescribed, any of said lands
remaining undisposed OF may be set
tied upon, occupied, entered. OF locGsd
under the general provisions of the
homestead, townsite, coal and mineral
land laws of the United States in like
manner as IL the manner affecting such
The National tribune., 1906-06-14
Order of Making Entries.

The. order in which during the first
co days following the opening the regis
tered applicants will be permitted to
make homestead entry of lands opened
hereunder will be determined by a
drawing for the district. held at Ian
der, Wyo., commencing at O'Clock a.
m, Saturday. Aug. 4. 1906. and con,
tinuing for such period necessary TO
complete the same. The drawing will
be had under the supervision and i'm
mediate observance of a committee OF
three persons whose integrity is such
as 10 make their control Of the ira wing
a guaranty of its fairness. The men,
bers of this committee will be appointed
by the Secretary of the Interior. who
will prescribe suitable compensation 70,
their services. Preparatory to this
drawing the registration officers will, Z:
the time of registering each applicant
who shows himself duly qualified. make
out a card which must be signed by the
applicant. and give such a description
of the applicant as viii enable the local
land officers to thereafter identify him.
This card will be subsequently sealed in
a separate envelope which will bear no
other distinguishing label or mark than
such as may be necessary TO show that
1t is to go into the drawing. These en-
Selopes will be carefully preserved and
Jemain sealed until opened in the course
The National tribune., 1906-06-14

Many years ago John Cleves Symmes
evolved the theory that the earth was
hollow, and that instead of there being
poles there was curvature of the earth
as one approached where the poles were
said to be, and that vessels and other
floating articles foated imperceptibly
down into the center of the earth. where
now know on the surface as well as
many others. He devoted the latter
part of his life to the propagation of his
theories, and his grave in Spring Grove
Cemetery at Cincinnati is surmounted
by a monument on which rests hollow
globe representing his idea. The same
theory has been revived and set forth
by William Reed in book entitled THE
Phantom of the Poles,'' in which he
elaborates his idea and cites to its sup
port all the facts that he can muster.
In the opinion of the most skillful
aeronauts the Wright brothers, of Day
ton, o., have accomplished a most sub
stantial advance in the science of navi-
cation of the air. 1t is confidently as
serted that they have solved the prob
lem of man-flight by means of a mo-
tor 1t is believed that the first use of
their machine will be in war, and that
some Government will attempt to Sc
cure possession Cf the machine with ex-
elusive right to its devices, which are
being kept! secret.