davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Los Angeles herald., 1906-05-12
SPIER's METHopS UNCOVERED
Rogers Late Confidential Agent Ac-
eused by Brokers Of Break
ing Promises
Nv Aseocinted Press.

BY Associated Press
NEW YORK. May 1t.-1nvestigations
which followed the mysterious death of
Charles l.. Spier. confidential agent OF
H. H. Rogers. disclose the fact that his
financial affairs were more involved
than was thought yesterday.
Spier Il Is said deposited $3.50. 900 In
securities owned by Mr.. Rogers of the
brokerage firm of Kuhn, Loeb g. Co.,
as collateral in stock market specula-
tlon.
These securities, member of the
firm said. were returned to Spier upon
his promise to replace them. The
promise was not kept Spier instead
returned the bonds to Rogers. who had
been demanding them.
Rogers then entrusted Spier with
$4,000 worth of bonds in new COM
pany.
Los Angeles herald., 1906-05-12
Other Realty Deals

Charles Mckenzie & Co. have closed
the sale of the vacant lot on the south
east corner of Agatha and San Pedro
streets for Claudine Page to T. R.
Croswell for 1900. The lot is 50x122
feet
The vacant lot on the northwest
corner of Ninth and Flower streets, 90
x130 feet, has been sold through w. H
Obear by Mines & Parish to r. H
Rowley for $4,000.
The lot on the east side of Hope
street, 120 feet north of Ninth street.
116x165 feet, has been sold by the Ebell
club to ]. c.. Shaffer for $4O,6 900. w. H.
Obear closed the deal.
Los Angeles herald., 1906-05-12
Reduced Rates to the East

The Gould System. Texas & Pacific
Iron Mountain Route, the Denver &
Rio Grande and Missouri Pacific rail-
ways (the scenic line of the world),
have announced reduced rates from
Southern California to the EAST on
certain dates throughout the summer
which will be glad news to the travel
ing public account of the excellent
through sleeping car service and grand
scenery via the Gould System. Office
230 South Spring street
II you want TO go east, c. Haydock
Agent Illinois Central r. R.. 23S 8. Spring
Los Angeles herald., 1906-05-12
wardsi
Permits. Value
Lo Anaelea In slxth Place

The Chicago Construction News in
its summary shows that for the month
of April Los Angeles occupies fifth
place In a list of twenty-seven of the
principal cities of the country in the
line Of total valuation of permanent inn
provements. Los Angeles is in third
place in number of building permits
issued. The April report follows:
Los Angeles herald., 1906-05-12


No.....
r - INSTRUCTIONS VOTERS - -, -.
TO vote split
( the ticket
candidate ticket
Tor m
mas otn tne space TOT %
which h voter he he vote The Tsht ticket Of such
square opposite the
in
n
AL Marks EXCEPT cross L ARE EoRBIPSEN; ann
MARKS OR ERASURES ARE AND
. If you wRoNGIY sTAAP BALLOT
to the inspector of Election obtain another
Los Angeles herald., 1906-05-12
Notice Of AnnenI

Notice 10 contractors and parties in
terested in the sewering OF Tenth
street, that Eugene Germain ct al. has
MED with the City Council their appeal,
appealing from the assessment issued
for the sewering OF their property at
s6S South Hope street and 1909 South
Flower street as not being necessary.
tlon and appeal against their being
again assessed for sewer: said appeal
VIII be heard by the city Council IN
Monday. May IA. 1905 at 2 O'clock D..
M, or as soon thereafter as same can
be heard III. j. LEI@ANDE,
b-s-lz ot City Clerk.
Los Angeles herald., 1906-05-12
Havre Breaks Heat Record

by Associated Press.
HAvRE, Mont, May 11.-All
weather conditions for May were
broken yesterday when n temperature
of 100 degrees in the shade was re-
corded
Los Angeles herald., 1906-05-12
southern Raptlsts Meet

THV NH6VNIHNVNI II VH7s
CHATTANOOGA, Tenn, May IL
The southern Baptist convention met
here today for its ffty-sixth annual
session. There are 5000 delegates and
visitors present.
Los Angeles herald., 1906-05-12
LEGAL fioTIcEs
School Bond Election Notice

Notice is hereby given to the qualified
electors of Tajauta school district of the
county of Los Angeles, state of Califor-
mia, that in accordance with the pro-
visions of the political code of the state
of California, an election will be held on
the 9TH day Of June, 1906, at the school
house in said district, between the hours
OF ! p. m. and p. m. during which
period the polls shall remain open), at
which time the question of issuing and
amount of five thousand dollars. for the
purpose of raising money for building or
purchasing one or more school houses,
for insuring the same, for supplying the
same with furniture and necessary ap-
paratus, for improving the grounds, or
for liquidating any indebtedness already
incurred for said purposes, will be voted
upon.
The said bonds Hereunder to be issued
and sold shall be of the denomination of
fye hundred dollars each and shall bear
interest at the rate of per cent per
annum, and shall be numbered from l to
10 consecutively, payable as follows:
Bond No 1, five hundred dollars, to run
one year;
Bond No. q five hundred dollars, to run
two years;
Bond No. 3. fve hundred dollars, to run
three years;
Bond No. 4, five hundred dollars, to run
four years;
Bond No. 8. Ave hundred dollars. to run
hve years;
Bond No. 6, five hundred dollars, to run
six years.
Bond No. Z, five hundred dollars, to run
seven years;
Bond No. 8, five hundred dollars. to run
eight years;
Bond No. .. five hundred dollars. to run
nine years:
Bond No. 10, five hundred dollars to run
ten years.
That d. Z. Lamb will act as inspector
and Levi Burger and s. j. Lord will act
as the judges Of said election. and con-
duct the same, said Inspector and judges
being competent ana qualified electors Of
said school district.
In witness whereof we have hereunto
set our hands this 10th day OF May 1906
II. M. ANDERSON,
II. A. TWEEDY.
j. HOWARD RUSSELL
Trustees OF Tajauta School District
Los Angeles County, California.
sIn districts IN which the number OF
children between five and seventeen
years OF age exceed 50O the polls must
be opened at o'clock a. m and kept
open until sundOwn In other districts
the polls must not be opened before
o'clock a. m, nor Kept open less than
four hours. nor later than sundown.
B-l2-19-26 e-2
Los Angeles herald., 1906-05-12
INDEX TO PUBLIC ADVERTISING
NEW TODAY

Ordinance requiring street cars to oe
equipped with Tenders and regulating the
operation of street cars.
Los Angeles herald., 1906-05-12
BU|LDING BUNCH
OF NEW HOMES
LOS ANGELES IN SIXTH PLACE
FOR APRIL
Ebel Club Dlsposes Of Hope Street
Lot at Handsome Flgure-lnvest-
ment Purchase on the
East Side

Following are the permits issued
from the building superintendents Of
fee Friday. classified according to
Los Angeles herald., 1906-05-12
PusLIc ADVERTISING

noon OF said day, when the polls shall be
ciOsed
The ballots 10 be used at said election
shall be printed in the following form:
Los Angeles herald., 1906-05-12
Bought Deeble Tract

The Deeble tract of flfty-four lots,
fronting on both sides of Thirtieth
street, east from Compton avenue, has
been bought by the Los Angeles In
vestment and Trust company for $780,
00O Fifty-six modern dwellings, are to
be erected at once
Los Angeles herald., 1906-05-12

Totals ..12,3s5 s56,S7o, ,4O2 1856 $50, O6e, ,572
sPer cent loss.
s'Incuding Manhattan and the Bronx.
Los Angeles herald., 1906-05-12
PusLlc ADVERTISING

Of Vallejo street to the center line or
Avenue Twenty-one; thence norIhery
along the center line Of Avenue WI,
No.....
Los Angeles herald., 1906-05-12

City Clerk.
Approved this 10th day of May, 1906
OWEN McALEER,
big 1t Mayor
Los Angeles herald., 1906-05-12

Shall Angeles a
the constructing certain in
acquiring the land of
which of said bridges?
Los Angeles herald., 1906-05-12

Shall the City of Los 100000
for the purpose of constructing certain fire engine house
buildings and acquiring certain lands in said city
which to construct said fire house buildings
quiring and constructing certain fire apparatus?
The news-democrat. (Providence, R.I.) 1906-1909, 1906-10-11
A DISASTROUS
DAY FOR WOMEN
GOLF CHAMPION

West Newton, oct. 11.-Yesterday v
a disastrous day for former champions
the second round OF match play OF
women's national golf championship
'he Brae Burn Country club, two OF the
MISS Pauline Mackay. who won last ye
ana Miss Georgianna Bishop. the Il
ho.der OF 1904 being put out OF the n
ming by players who were not consid,
Factors In the contest.
Mrs' w. Fallows Morgan OF the Bat
r"l Golf club of the New York dist
through her marvellous putting defeat
MISS Mackay, up and l TO play. II "
the same shor' game which enabled NJ
r. w. Batchelder OF the Oakley Coun
''up' ,i'oston, TO vanquish Miss BlshoI
ap.
Six OF the eight contests today W,
Wen layed, but the other two nroved
oe runaway matches. Miss Fanny G. {
gooo or the Country club. Brookline. w
vas generaaly considered a strong co
teStant Tor the title, was defeated by h
cluhmate, Miss Harriet S. Curtis
Miss Osgood was very badly off I'm I
game and Miss Curtis won easily. 3
ana 10 play. Miss Frances GriScor
Philadelphia, who won the chamnionsl
In 1899, Miss Mary y. Adams OF Wolls
ton. Miss Anita Phipps OF Springhe
Miss Florence n. Ayres OF Philadelpl
and Mrs. h. III. Barlow of Philadelpl
were the other winners In the tn
round today Miss Griscom will meet NJ
Adams, Mrs. Barlow will meet NJ
Batchelder. Miss Curtis will meet NJ
Morgan and Miss Ayres will meet Nj
Phipps.
The summary OF today's play:
Miss Frances Griscom. Phiadelph
defeated Y. S. Porter. Country clr
Brookline. up. 20 play.
Miss Harriet S Curtis. Country cl,
Brookline. defeated Miss Fanny c. {
good Country club. Brookline. s up, 6
play.
Mrs. F. w. Batchelder. Oakley Count
club. defeated Miss Georgianna Bish
Brooklawn Golf club ! up.
Mrs. w. Fellows Morgan. Baltusi
Golf club defeated Miss Pauline Macka
Oakley Country club, . up 10 play.
Miss Anita Phipps, Springfield defeat
Miss Marjorie w. Phelps. Brae Blu
Country club. 2 up to play.
Miss Florence n Ayres. Philadelph
defeated Miss X. c. Harley. Fall Riv
up go holes)
Miss Adams, Wollaston. defeated NJ
s. f. Lefferts. Englewood. n. j.. up
TO play
Mrs r. n Barlow, Philadelphia defe,
ed Miss Julia Mix. Englewood. n. j.,
up, TO play.
The news-democrat. (Providence, R.I.) 1906-1909, 1906-10-11
LABOR MEN NOT
EASILY FOOLED
They Rpuda tho Attack on Henry D. Sharpe as Of No Interest
70 Them, as They Regard DayOnism The Only ISSUE and
Arc Glad TO Fight Side by Side With Every Good Citizen
Who Seeks Its Overthrow.

, not be transferred from Littleheld'i
shoulders and the shoulders Of the Repub
Iican party, where II belongs, to tn
shoulders OF Mr. Sharpe, who Is not q
politician, is not a candidate for any po'
iitical office and cannot be made an issue
in this campaign.
Certainly. Col Goddard is I'm no sense
responsible for any utterances OF Mr.
Sharpe, who has a reputation for fan
dealing with his thousands OF employees
second 20 none.
Col. Goddard, like Mr.. Sharpe. stands
on his own platform. He seeks only te
be Judged by what he himself promises
and by his own record, which Is an open
book 10 Rhode Islanders. His mills. enh-
ploying thousands Of operatives, pay the
highest wages that are paid In the textile
industry and this fact also speaks tor
itself.
The voters are TO decide not between
Mr. sharpe and Mr.. Littleheld, but be
tween Col Goddard and a nameless can
didate on the Republican slde, one Mh@onl @
the party managers dare not trot out LOT
Inspection, and whose record on any
question cannot be attacked because ne
hasn't even the courage or his desire 10
be the candidate OF the people Tor any
office, depending upon the size OF ms
purse 70 purchase from Boss Brayton
nomination from the peoples alleged rep
resentatives, II the Republicans shouid
succeed in fooling enough or the people
to control majority In the next legisla-
ture.
Leading labor men, when seen TINS
morning at the Labor temple, stated that
Il was known 10 them at least two days
ago that such story was TO be pub
lished but that IL would carry but little
weight, and would have no appreciable
influence upon the campaign.
This is really a matter OF no conse-
ouence whatever" said one of the most
labor leaders. THE real is
sue is Braytonism In this compaign; and
II cannot be pushed aside. The acts OF
the Boss and his machine In open hos
tility TO labor are what we are interested
In. When Mr. Sharpe becomes candi-
date for office, we can deal with him as
the circumstances warrant.
''The whole Republican party fought
against the labor issues during the Maine
and II the truth were known.
some Of those most closely allied with the
Cor-P Perry organ would be found among
tho men who contributed to Littlehelds
campaign. If Mr.. Sharpe is willing TO
ally himself with the interests I'm this
state 10 overthrow the depotism Of Boss
Brayton we are hand In hand with him:
and after that has been accomplished we
viii continue the fight for organized
labor against any others who are UNI
willing TO do what Is right"
The news-democrat. (Providence, R.I.) 1906-1909, 1906-10-11
REBEL GENERALS
HAVE PICKED
THEIR OFFICERS

Havana, Oct. n.-This being the 3Sth
anniversary Of the beginning Of the Ten
Years war for independence. the day was
observed as a national holiday.
here today for the purpose. II is said. Of
attending n meeting tonight at the home
OF Gen. Del Castillo. 1t is said that the
rebel generals intend to make urgent re
quests 20 Gov. Taft for official positions
uider the provisional government.
II is stated that each OF the generals
has selected the position he desires and
will demand Il on the ground that Mr..
Taft ls under obliga ations 10 them for
their assistance in disarming the rebels.
The news-democrat. (Providence, R.I.) 1906-1909, 1906-10-11
NUGGETS OF NEWS

The Massachusetts branch OF the Ma
tional association OF Local Fire Insurance
Agents began their annual convention in
Association hall, Worcester. today.
It Is learned that there Is not the slight
est foundation FOR the report from Con
stantinope 20 the effect that the sultan
is suffering from a wound inflicted by
an inmate of his harem
The 25th annual convention OF the
Women's Home Missionary society OF the
Methodist Episcopal church. opened at
Lincoln, Neb. today with delegates pres
ent from every state In the Union.
The navy department has been advised
That ~ is probable that the battleshlp
South Dakota will be ready for trial on
the Pacific coast about Nov l. The Yer
mont which n being built az Quincy.
Mass. will be ready for trial In Deccm-
Der.
The news-democrat. (Providence, R.I.) 1906-1909, 1906-10-11
NURSE TEST|F|ES
IN bROUWER WIFE
MURDER CASE

Toms River, N. j., oct 1l.-Miss Una
Dudley, a nurse, who attended Mrs Car
rie Brouwer just before her death con-
tinued her testimony today in the trial OF
Or. Frank Brouwer, who is charged with
having poisoned his wife. She described
the symptoms OF Mrs. Brouwers sick
ness.
Miss Dudley said that DR.. Brouwer had
prepared petonized milk for his wife and
that Mrs Brouwer complained that the
inilk tasted bitter. An enemia dose pre-
pared by DR. Brouwer caused Mrs Brou-
wer 20 have n convulsion. The patient also
Tad several other convulsions.
HAD you suspicion that Mrs. Brou-
wer was being poisoned by her husband %
asked the cross-examiner.
'f suspected something. hut not that
she was being murdered"
The news-democrat. (Providence, R.I.) 1906-1909, 1906-10-11
bEVER|DGE MUST
CANCEL STUMP
ENGAGEMENTS

Boston. Oct. 11.-United States Sena-
Cor Albert j. Beveridge OF Indiana is III
~ the home OF George b. Baker. Chest
nut Hill. Brookline. and Il is probable that
all OF his speaking engagement for a week
or ten days will be cancelled.
Senator Beveridge caught cold in Chi
cogo two weeks ago. but because OF his
campaign engagements he was unable TO
take rest. He spoke in this city Mon
day night and towards the close OF his
speech his voice failed him. Today the
throat trouble had practically disappear
ed. but there was some evidence OF n
fever and the senator's physicians have
tafisted that he remain quiet and within
doors for several days.
The news-democrat. (Providence, R.I.) 1906-1909, 1906-10-11
UNKNOWN BRAvA
SHOOTS WOMAN
At NEW BEDFORD

New Bedford, Mass, Oct 1l.-An un-
known Bravo Portuguese woman, appar-
emily about 30 years old was shot prob
ably fatally. by an unknown Brava Por-
tuguese man at an early hour this morn
Ing on Hawthorne street in the west part
OF the city.
The two were seen talking together a
Few minutes before the shot was fired.
but the man made his escape and no
trace OF him can be found. The woman
was removed to St Lul1e's hospital She
refuses TO talk about the matter, but
calls for her mother, though she will
not say who her mother is.
The news-democrat. (Providence, R.I.) 1906-1909, 1906-10-11
BIC RALLIES OF
DEMOCRATS To
BE HELD soon

Plans have been perfected for two
big Democratic Independent ratification
meetings in the near future.
Next Tuesday evining, in Infantry
hall. the first big Democratic rally OF
the campaign will be held. The speak
ers will be Mayor James II. Higgins OF
Pawtucket,. nominee for governor; Con-
gressmen Daniel l.. ID. Granger of Prov
idence, nominee for representative I'm
the First district Edward NJ Sullivan
OF Cranston, nomine for attorney gen
eral; eX- Gov. L. F. c. Garvin, candidate
for congress in the Second district;
Col. T. III. Quinn of Warwick former
chairman OF the Democratic state cen
tral committee. Judge Frank E. Fitz-
simmons, the present chairman, will
preside.
The second big rally will be held az
River Point on Tuesday, Oct. 2S, and
will be addressed by Col r. II. l. God
dard, the Democratic Independent nom
inee for United states senator. and
Mayor Higgins.
Another rally will be held this even
ing at Primrose Grange hall, IN the
town OF North Smithfeld The speak
ers will be eN-Gov. Garvin and Irving
O. Hunt OF this city who was promi-
nently mentioned for secretary OF state
on the Democratic ticket
The leaders of the Johnston
Democracy held an enthusiastic
meeting last evening and decided
upon effecting a fusion with the
Independents who are supporting Col.
Goddard. The assembly nominees VIII
be william r. Colwell, Democrat for
the senate, and George w. Robley. Re
publican. for the house. They viii be
indorsed, IL is stated. at the caucus
TO be held this evening.
The news-democrat. (Providence, R.I.) 1906-1909, 1906-10-11

In pursuance OF a deliberate purpose
20 fool the labor people with fake
stories Of the alleged hostility OF Col
Goddard toward their interests, the
Colt Perry machine organ. under in
spiration from Boss Brayton, yesterday
morning published long statement
accusing Henry ID. Sharpe. the we'll
known manufacturer, of having collect
ed funds 10 help 10 elect Congressman
Charles z. Littfeheld in haine last
month.
Mr.. Sharpe. of course. is a Republi-
can, as is well known. but he is one or
those independent Republicans. who,
disguised with Braytonism desire 10
shake of and free the state from It's
incubus OF corruption.
He presided at the Goddard ratifica-
tion meeting two weeks ago In Infantry
hall. and because OF that fact broad
side against him is published and, 10y
Implication, Col Goddard and every
body who believes in him, is denounced
in the roundest terms.
The fact that Senator'S Aldrich and
wetmore and Congressman Caoron
were all committed TO the candidacy OF
Mr.. Littleheld. that the Republican
president OF the United States, the Re
publican congressional committee and
the entire Republican administration
were committed 10 and supported Mr.
Littlefield's candidacy; that Secretary
Taft and Speaker Cannon went to
Maine to speak and work for him and
that tho Republican congressional cam
paign committee sent tons OF literature
and thousands OF dollars there are all
lost sight OF.
These beams are entirely concealed
for the organ, by the little mote, Mr..
Sharpe. who presided at the Goddard
meeting.
Because he did so, Col. Goddard must
be defeated. and because Roosevelt IN
dorsed Littieheld his administration
must be upheld and Wetmore and AID
rich and Capron all must be returned
Fine logic, indeed.
The Colt Perry organ fails TO explain
the contemplate and dishonorable means
BY which the correspondence II publshed
came into It's possession. II resolves II
self into a question Of treachery on the
part OF Littleheld. or n deliberate attempt |
TO hoodwink the labor people by some |
Republican manufactures or manufac-
turers who must have been contributors
10 the same campaign fund for which the |
organ scores Mr. Sharpe so ropndly.
In either event. the Republican party, |
which elected MT. DIttleHeld 10 congress |
IN Maind must bear the burden OF Little
fields hostility TO labor. 1t certainly can
The news-democrat. (Providence, R.I.) 1906-1909, 1906-10-11
SMALL STRIKE SETTLED
IN QUICK ORDER TODAY

Yesterday some of the workmen on one
OF the large buildings on West
minister street refused to work longer
with nom union men, and the board OF
business agents of the city were called
In TO settle the question.
The trouble arose over the employ
ment on the building of a non union
steam filter and a non-union marble
worker. When the business agents
conferred with the employers and
stated their case, the steam titter
joined the union and the marble worker
was sent back 10 Boston TO the firm
which employed him. The men then
returned TO work.
The news-democrat. (Providence, R.I.) 1906-1909, 1906-10-11
PINE RIDGE CAMP
INDEBTEDNESS
IS DECREASED

The annual meeting OF the Pine Ridge
corporation was held yesterday In the OF
Sice of Mr.. Jilson at 20 Weybosset street
Among those present were ID. Russell
Brown. W. A. Scott, DR.. w. A. Peters,
NJ s. Dwyer. c. e. Kimber of Newport,
y. G. Gilser and IL. j. Hoye and Drs.
Corrigan, Matterson and Phillips of the
visiting staff.
The report of the treasurer showed a
decrease in the Indebtedness, though
there are still some outstanding bills.
DR.. Peters read report on the general
condition OF the camp. and urged the ne
cessity OF an administration building and
also an Improvement OF the water supply.
The news-democrat. (Providence, R.I.) 1906-1909, 1906-10-11
Governments REPORT ON
CONDITION Of CORN CROP

Washington. Oct 1.-THE crop estlmat-
ing board of the department OF agricul-
ture today issued a bulletin showing the
condition OF corn on oct 1. 1906. 70 be
so.i AZ compared with eo2 last month.
Preliminary estimates OF the average
yield per acre OF spring wheat Is 1877
bushels.
Preliminary returns indicate an oat
crop OF about So. a52.OoJ bushels or an
average OF S.2 per acre as compared with
~ bushels as finally estimated In 1906.
The news-democrat. (Providence, R.I.) 1906-1909, 1906-10-11
the SToCKWElL.WILC0x
NUPTIALS CELEBRATED

Yesterday afternoon at residence OF the
brides mother. $50 Hope street, was cele-
brated the wedding OF Arthur M Stock
well and Miss Nellie Case Wilcox. only
family being present.
The groom was attended by his broth
ers Edward A. stockwel and A. Mayhem
Stockwell, and Howard ID. Wilcox, a
brother OF the bride. The ceremony was
performed by Rev +. r. Stockwell, as
sisted by Rev Edward r. Sanderson. pas
tor OF the Central Congregational church.
Following the wedding the couple left
for their future home at oil City, Pa.
where Mr.. Stockwell, who is the son OF
the former commissioners of public
schools, Is engaged in the oil business.
The news-democrat. (Providence, R.I.) 1906-1909, 1906-10-11
MITCHELL -D0NASKI CASE
IS HEARD ON EXCEPTIONS

The chief point made by counsel for the
plaintiff in the case Of Peter Mitchell VS..
PAUL Donash In argument before the
supreme COURT today. on exceptions to the
supreme courts action In sustaining de-
fendants demurrer, was that there need
be no Service OF warrant In a criminal
complaint TO Justify an action for mali
Cious prosecution.
Defendant secured a warrant for the
plaintin on the ground that he had
threatened TO xii her, but afterward dis
continued the case and paid costs
T.. G.. Carr represented the plaintiff TO-
day; but the defendant was not repre-
sented i'm court.
The news-democrat. (Providence, R.I.) 1906-1909, 1906-10-11
WANTS $1,000 RAILROAD MONEY

The trial o. the suit OF Thomas ID Hig-
gins against the Rhode Island company
was begun before Judge Baker and a Jury
today. Plaintiff seeks 20 recover $1,000
for a horse and buggy run into by a car
at Phlllipsdale John Fitzgerald a
attorney for the plaintiff and A. r. VIII
liams for the defendant.