davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-04-20
DISTRICT
W AS. ONCE A BOG
Why a Part Of Frisco Suffered
Most from the Earth
quake.

Journal Special Service.
New York, April 20.-Scientists ex-
plain the disastrous effects of the
earthquake shock in me section of San
Francisco and the comparative immun-
ity from damage in other sections of,
the city by the varying nature of the
ground on which the city is built. The
devastated section was built upon a
bog. This accounts for the great dam
age from seismic disturbances. "A quake
as violent as that which visited San
Francisco would have done minor dam
age in New York city, which is built
on a foundation of solid rock.
The hills Of San Francisco, which
mark the outer coastline, are of sedi-
mentary rock or clay. Extending
around the city from Telegraph hill,
which is composed Of trap rock :sedi-
mentary upheaval to the line of Mar
ket street, from the line Of Montgomery
street and Van Ness avenue, immedi-
ately south and east, is the fiat Ground
known as "South of Market sqeet.'
From the water front to Montgomery
street and all south Of Market street,
was originally a bog "
The greatest part Of it was a bog in
1S49, but has since been filed in by
the drifting sand from the ocean side
blown down by the prevailing winds
and by earth being dumped in it.
Nearly all of the large buildings in this
section are either built on piles driven
into the sand and mud or on wooden
foundations. : 'a>.
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-04-20
HARTMAN SPEEDS
WEST BY SPECIAL
He Fears That Southern Pacific
Property Has Been Badly
Damaged.

New York, April 20.-Because Of the
immense railroad interests which are in
volved in the earthquake disaster, E. Fl.
Hartman left for Chicago on route to
San Francisco today. From Chicago he
will take a special train west. Orders
have been given to have the line
cleared for his special. -
" All yesterday Mr.. Hartman was wor-
RED over the appalling news. In his
offices Of the Union Pacific railroad he
was in instant communication with
bankers interested in the company and
with associates in the roads manage
ments regarding damage to the South
The reports continued, disquieting all
day, but the greatest concern was felt
over a message, which arrived in the
afternoon from the officers at San Pue-
bio. This message 1which>wa sent to
the Santa Fe offices in this city is be-
lieved' to be directly responsible for Mr..
Harnman's hurried trip west. It
read as follows: -: ,-~ ~.
"The indications are that the earth
quake extended northeast thru Sacra-
mento and Remote San Francisco. The
affected district In, San Francisco is
Bay, Market. street being the CEN
The alarming feature Of this dispatch
to Mr.. Hartman was it's reference to
the course Of the earthquake, as much
Of the property Of the Southern Pacific
is in this territory.
From Sacramento thru Reno to San
Francisco is the line followed bv The
Southern Pacific and the news that the
earthquake extended along this line, in
dieated that in all probability many
bridges and tunnels were DESTROYED.
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-04-20
GREET TERRIBLE
NEWS WITH BAND Nd
Flying Rollers Shout with
Fiendish Glee When They
Hear of Disaster.
journal Special Service.

Journal Special Service.
Benton Harbor, Mich, April 20.-The
Flying Rollers Of the House Of David,
a clan of people who reside in this
city and who number 500 here, greeted
the news of the San Francisco dis
aster with a band of music. The Israel
ties have been predicting such a visi-
tation upon the people of San Fran
cosco, and they claim that this great
disaster is to be followed by many more
Of it's kind.
It was their missionary, Mary Nc
Dermitt, who stood up among the peo-
pie Of San Francisco a few days ago
and, after she had been reviled and
prosecuted, called down Judgment upon
their heads and told them that they
would be visited by fire and earth
quake in a few days and that the dis
aster should be one Of the greatest in
the history of the world.
The Israelites gave biblical citations
to show that the earth is to come to
an end in 1916, and that the years be-
tween that day and the present time
will be filed with many disasters which
will overshadow the present one. They
claim that the wrath of God will de-
scend upon the people of this earth,
and that it will be visited by every
manner Of horror. They believe that
$4,000 people who accept their faith
will be saved and that all the rest will
perish. They themselves will never. die.
and Benjamin, the leader Of the tribe,
said today, in an interview, that the
disaster at San Francisco was only the
beginning.
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-04-20
SEEK TO AVERT A
FINANCIAL CRASH
Legal Holidays Declared te
Give Bankers Chance to Get
<. ~ s on Feet.

San Francisco, April 20.-Today has
been declared a legal holiday and to-
morrow also. This it is believed, will
give the bankers Of San Francisco time
to be in a position to meet the demands
of the depositors, and the danger Of a
financial crisis will be averted.
Outside banks in general, have tele-
grapheds guarantees of support to the
local financial institutions and arrange
ments already have been made by
which every depositor will be paid in
full. 49,. .
Insurance Companies to Pay.
The Insurance companies have al
ready taken up the question of the
losses. It was stated yesterday that
the companies have decided to pay dol
lar for dollar on all the losses, whether
by fire or earthquake. This will mean,
if the loss totals 5000, 900 900, as it is
believed it will, that $40, OO0, 900 will
be paid San Francisco realty owners.
With this as a start, new structures, it
is expected, will soon be in course of
erection on the site of the old.
The Firemen's Fund and the Home
and Marine, both local corporations
will, it is said, be the principal suffer
ers. The losses are divided among
eighty insurance companies, and it Is
stated authoritatively, all claims will
be satisfactorily adjusted and, that no
company, will be so weakened that it
will be forced to suspend.
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-04-20
UPPER MICHIGAN
FEELS A SHOCK
Earth Tremors Cause the Death
Of a Miner and Injuries
.-4@S. g. . E--E-N.s ssH. -rE.E,.
to Four More.

Clumet, Mich, April 2o.-An
earthquake shock was felt distinctly
thruout Hancock yesterday and was
most pronounced in the Quincy mine,
where it killed one man and injured
four others who were working one mile
below the earth's surface.
In numerous Instances buildings
rocked, chimneys fell and dishes rat
tied, terrifying the citizens and caus-
ing scores to rush from their homes.
Many miners on the day shift refused
to 20 below again.
Timothy Leary was the man who met
death. He was working at the bottom
of the Quincy mine when a large block
Of ground was shaken loose, crushing
him to a pulp and burying him under
tons Of earth. -Four other miners were
seriously injured, but were brought to
the surface and conveyed to their
homes, where medical assistance was
given. It is thought that all will live.
Eminent mining men and, professors
at the Michigan college of mines at
tribute the earth s tremor to a slipping
Of bearing surfaces on the fault be-
tween the eastern sandstone and the
Keweenaw series Of cupriferous rocks.
Numerous earth tremors have been
felt in the last two years, and these
probably resulted from the same cause,
as the fault is thejweakest point in the
structure Of the Keweenaw peninsula.
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-04-20
CRUEL FATE FOR
HALL OF MERCY
Flames Pursue Rescue Workers
and Snatch Wounded from
Their Hands.
Journal Special Service,

YAH oPSSAd4 E6ETlC6s
Oakland, Caly April 2o.-Pitiful is
the story of the destruction of Me-
chanics pavilion. 1t seemed as if fate
dealt the worst caro- when it invaded
the hall of mercy, the temporary hos
p1tal. In the pavilion had been gath
cred all those whose injuries were such
that they could not flee to safety.
1t was supposed that the fire would
soon be extlnguished and that the build
ing, the largest in the city, could be
used for a temporary morgue and hos
pltal,. and there the dead were carried
for identification or burial and the
manned and bleeding for surgical at
tention. Fully fifty physicians were
WORKING over the more severely in
jured when a policeman rushed into the
building and said:
"Carry them all out again. The fire
will be here in ten minutes.'
All had been working in a murky
gloom and none had thought of dan.
ger. Hardly had the word been given
when the cracking Of flames vas
heard and some one yelled that the
roof was on fire.
Even then the brave physicians and
nurses would not desert their posts un-
til a cohort of police came thru the
building and drove everyone out. Men
spread Cnelr coats over the women g
heads, as all had to flee thru almost a
ring of flames.
Hardly ten Of the hundred or more
were saved and another hecatomb of
victims were sacrificed. Even the DO
licemen wept as the cries of the aban-
doned injured rang in their ears, but
there was no time for anything but to
clear that portion of the city before
the flames caught those who persisted
in trying to save their household goods
from the flames.
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-04-20
BETTER CITY WILL
RISE FROM RUINS
VIM. n. Croker Says San Fran
cisco Will Be Rebuilt on a
More Splendid Scale.
Journal Special Service.

Journal Special Service. ri
New York, April 20.-San francisco
within five years will be greater, fine L
and more beautiful than ever. Thl3
calamity will only give the opportunity
to max a more splendid city than
people have I'VE dreamed off,
The speaker was William II. Crockerf
of San Francisco, one of the heavIestE
losers by the awful earthquake anGi
ire. He was sad, greatly depressed byt
the news of the disaster, yet with I'M
crushed courage. This calm man was
typical Of the spirit that Californians
are showing under one of the most
awful visitations known.
MI. Croker was at the Hotel st.
Regis, where he arrived only a few
days ago from the Pacific coast. Mr..
Croker owned the Croker Woolworth
bank, the burned Croker building and
much more property in San Francisco.
With modern steel construction
said Mr.. Croker, 81 feel sure than
cisco will be found uninjured, except
by the loss Of windows, plastering and
ornamental stone work.
"What of the talk of abandoning
San FraLciscoq' was asked.
"Preposterous. San Francisco by
reason of its location and its harbor
is the natural metropolis of the Pacific
coast. God made it this. You win soon
see q finer and better city than ever.
D.. 0: Mills, the Spreckels family
everybody I knows determined to
rebuild at once. to rebuild San Fran
cisco stronger, better and finer than
ever.
Burnett Of Chicago has been at
work for two years on plans for the
Improvement Of San Francisco, to
broaden some streets, straighten out
others and carry out a general har-
monious scheme Of ireproof buildings
Of uniform height and style. The pres.
ent calamity, frightful as it is, only
clears the way for this plan to be car
| ried out.''
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-04-20
FORCES RESCUE AT
POINT OF REVOLVER
Artillery Officer Compels Passers-
by to Help Save Art
Treasures.

San Francisco, April 20.-Of the way
in which the military officials acted to
save property there was a striking ex.
ample at the Mark Hopkins Institute
Of Art on California street.
A young lieutenant Of artillery took
his stand in front of that building when
the fire first broke out, commandeered
every vehicle that came near, and
pressed into service every able-bodied
man in the vicinity to remove paintings
anyone demurred the officer drew a re-
volver and forced obedience to his or
ders.
Paintings were removed by hundreds
and placed in the broad lawn of the
Sanford mansion next to the institute
on the east. AS the Stanford mansion
was later destroyed by fire, the fate of
the art treasures is unknown at this
hour, but they presumably fell a prey to
the flames.
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-04-20
HOW QUAKEs ARE RECORDED
Some as Violent as San Francisco's Can
\ Never Be Located.

Journal Special Service.
Washington, April 2O.-There is no
special chronological observatory in the
United States, But in almost every i'm
portant weather bureNu there is a seis-
mograph. The instrument is very deli
cate and registers the vibration of a
football, but the impression made is
unlike the motion wave from an earth
quake. .-
The mechanical principles involved
of the seismograph Of this type were
first developed and applied to the
measurements Of earthquakes in 1880
by James A. Ewing, then professor Of
mechanism and applied mechanics at
the University of Cambridge.
At this time the study Of earthquakes
was taken up and scientific researches
made. Within a few years of this Pc
Rod there were nearly. 10000 people
killed at several catastrophes in the
far east, and the probe Of the scien-
fist was delving far into the mysteries
of the great .rumblings Of the interior
earth to define the cause
and instruments invented. Ewing's
machine, however, was modified by
Omori, q Japanese whose invention is
installed in most of the archaeological
observatories in the world, the most
prominent Of which are in Europe. The
observatory at Strasburg, Germany, is
an international one and is supported
by all nations interested in science.
Professor G. S. Marvin, in charge of
this department at the United States
weather bureau here, says shocks have
been registered On several occasions Of
as great magnitude as the one in San
Francisco, but have caused no disturb
ances. These shocks were probably felt
on the bottom Of the ocean or some
remote part of the world, such as in the
heart Of Africa.
Professor Marvin says a great shock
was recorded April 10, but no damage
was reported from any section. He also
stated that an earthquake had occurred
at Formosa recently with heavy. losses
but was not recorded on the seismo.
graph here. When Vesuvius exploded
the seismographs in Italy made records
but the instruments here failed to. regis
ter, ..- ..-...
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-04-20
BUILDERS ARE ACTIVE
New York Construction Men Study
Effects Of Earthquake.
Journal Special Service.

journal Special Service.
New York, April 2o.-The big con-
struction companies in this city are
taking a great interest in the San Fran
cisco disaster. Every particle of news
dispatches relating to the manner in
which the modern buildings there with
stood the shock Of the earthquake and
the condition they were in afterwards
was scrutinized eagerly by building en-
gineers.
Paul Starret of the George A. Fuller
company said that he would start an
engineer for San Francisco at once. MI.
Starret said that this move was not
being made in the hope of securing new
business as much as it was to get a
thoro line on just what condition the
buildings, especially the steel frames,
were in after the shocks.
Theodore Starret Of the Thompson-
Starret company is due to arrive in this
city from Chicago today. There will
be a meeting Of the heads of the con-
Germ then, and it was stated that in all
probability one of the firms best en-
gineers would be hurried to the stricken
city to take observations on the condi-
tions Of the buildings.
All of the building engineers are of
the opinion that a careful examination
Of the damaged steel structures in San
Francisco may lead to some discovery
whereby steel frame buildings may be
put up in the future with new devices
that will make them proof against
earthquake shocks.
Great satisfaction Was expressed at
the Offices of the Thompson-S tarret
company owe the fact that the San
Francisco Chronicle building had with
stood the shocks in good shape, and
was practically uninjured until assailed
or all side by flames. Theodore Star
ret drew the plans for the steel con-
struction Of this building.
George Simpson, the chief engineer
Of the Thompson-Starret company, Is
Of the opinion that the big modern
buildings in this city would withstand
such earthquake shocks as those felt
in San Francisco.
"The east, and especially New York
city, said Mr.. Simpson, CTS far ahead
Of the far west in the matter of thoro
building construction. In the case of
our modern buildings, the steel frame
work sets on a bed Of concrete that has
been built on top Of solid rock, and the
walls are anchored to the steel frame
work, which was not the case in San
Francisco, APPARENTLY
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-04-20
Messages Accepted.
Appealed to Court,

Chicago, April 2O.-A m%andamus to
eompel the Postal Telegraph company
to take a message to his invalid wife
In San Francisco was asked by Colonel
George Kimball Of the postoffce in
spector's department yesterday when
that company refused to accept a tele-
gram to the stricken city.
"Our wires are leased and we no
longer have the right to send messages
over them,' was the reply of the COM
pany when the telegram was handed
them for transmission.
"My wife is in San Francisco for her
health replied Kimball. "She is an
invalid and hardly able to take care Of
herself. [ have heard nothing from her,
do not know whether she is dead or
alive, and now I am denied a chance to
communicate with her, He begged to
be allowed to send the message, but the
Company was obdurate.
Colonel Kimball then made informal
application for a writ of mandamus, ap-
pearing before Judge Bethea. He did
not file written application and his in
formal motion was denied.
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-04-20
SIOUX FALLS WORRIED
Freudenfelds, Father and Son, Among
Those in Frisco. ..... ..

Special to The journal.
Sioux Falls, S. D., April 2O.-Sioux
Falls citizens who have relatives and
friends at San Francisco are becoming
very anxious. :
Fred HOLSTER 'and his brother, Will
G., bankers, have heard nothing from
their mother and sisters. Mrs. Hollister
and her daughters, it is known, were
due to reach the stricken city on Easter
morning. -.
George Baker, who has a son in
Frisco, left Thursday afternoon for
that city. ~
Lee Freudenfeld of this city was in
charge Of the offices Of the Queen City
Insurance company at San Francisco.
Nothing has been heard from him or
his father, who reached the city on the
morning of the disaster.
John Zentle, Jr., son of John Gentle,
was also a resident of San Francisco.
Not a word has been received by his
parents from him.
Frank McCarrier, a Sioux Falls
pioneer, who was widely known
thruout. eastern South Dakota, was
conducting a cigar store only three
blocks from the city hall. Not a word
has been heard from him.
Fred De Almond was another Sioux
Falls man who was in the stricken city
at the time of the disaster.
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-04-20
COLLEGE CADETS
ORDERED TO SHOOT
Five Hundred California "U"
Boys Armed and Stationed
as Guards.

San Francisco, April 2O.-Five hun.
dred cadets of the University of Cali
fornia have entered the city to aid in
the work of enforcing martial law. The
young collegians have orders to shoot
without warning those caught looting.
In many parts of the town where the
crowds Of survivors are the widest it is
almost impossibleSto get around save at
the point of a pistol. The troops are
disarming every person seen with a
weapon,
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-04-20
Crossed U.S.. in Nineteen Minutes,

journal Special Service. ~ =
New York, April 2o.-The earth
quake shock in San Francisco was dis
tinctly recorded in this city by a crude
seismograph located at the Thirty-third
street station Of the subway by Divis-
ion Engineer Duncan to record the vi
brations from blasts in the Pennsyl-
vania tunnel.
The chart showedthat the seismograph
began to record the@ trembling of the
earth just after 1871 o'clock Wednesday
morning and that it continued until 8:44
am. This showed that the tremor had
occupied about nineteen minutes in
travelling across the continent. The
most violent vibration was recorded
at S:32. '- ...,'
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-04-20
3 California Not SO Large.
Journal Special Service.

journal. Special Service.
London, April 2o.-sir Hiram Maxim,
in an inerview on the caus Of the San
Francisco catastrophe. says: "'The
earth is constantly losing it's heat and
growing colder and smaller. Ever since
the solid crust of the earth has been
formed there have been certain lines of
least strength and as the earth shrinks
the solid crust yields in these weakest
spots. It will now be found that Cali
fornia is not SO large as it was before
the earthquake, but the difference will
not be great"
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-04-20
BRAVE SOLDIERS
ENFORCE ORDER
Regulars Deserve Praise for
Preventing Iootingg in the
-p EE
Stricken City.

San Francisco, April 20.-The work
Of the regular soldiers in suppressing
disorder and preventing looting is
worthy Of the greatest praise. Every
where they showed the highest degree
Of courage They did not hesitate to
shoot when they discovered looters,
and probably twenty victims fell be-
fore them by night.
When the mansions on Mob Hill, the
Paramount and Mark Hopkins institute
were approached by the flames today,
many attempts were made to remove
some of the priceless works of art.
Soldiers were sent to the Flood and
Huntington mansions and Hopkins in
stitute to rescue the paintings, which
were valued in the hundreds Of thou
sands. Canvases were cut from the
frames with sharp knives, but compare
lively few were saved.
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-04-20
ODD EPITAPHs.
Sketch.

AT Worcester, England, the slab
erected over a departed auetioneer is
inscribed with a single word, .Gone.o
In Sussex the initials and date Of the
two words, He. was.o The most re-
markable inscription is at Cane Hill
cemetery, Belfast, where the inscrip-1
ton says, Cleft till called for"
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-04-20
d. O.. Mills Will Rebuild.

JouTnaI bpso1aI scf7lce.
New York, April 2o.-D. o. Mills
said today that it was his intention to
ing Of the Mills building in San Fran
cisco. He hod no doubt there would
be a quick revival of hope and conf
dence, and that the city would be rap
idly rebuilt.
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-04-20
RED WING treasured
Mr.. and Mrs. Withee and. Others In
Frisco Are Safe.

Special to The Journal.
Red Wing, Mimi, April 2O.-A tele-
gram received announces that Miss
Rose Henderson of, this city and Mr..
and Mrs. w. H. Withee, who we're in
San francisco, are safe. MI. Withee
was i'll at the San Francisco hotel at
the time Of the earthquake. No de-
tails Of their escape are given. Attic
there are many Red Wing people in
San Francisco, this is the first message
received.