davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1906-04-19

sented in the coming conference at The
Hague will view Mr.. Roofs proposal
with equal appreciation is, of course,
uncertain. Five years ago, when the
German, British and Italian Govern
ments were contemplating u blockade OF
Venezuelan seaports, they would doubt
less have rejected it. Now, however,
the International situation is materially
different. We are on the most cordial
terms not only with Great Britain and
France, but also with the German En-
pire. Those three great Powers, whose
influence will preponderate at The
Hague, will be strongly inclined to ac-
quiesce in a plan earnestly commended
by the United States in the belief that
it will tend to the maintenance of peace
In the Western Hemisphere.
We know Of but u single country ON
either side of the Atlantic which is likely
to show itself ~infiexibly opposed to the
reference of a controversy between
itself and another State to arbitration.
We refer, of course, to Chile, which has
persistently refused to carry out the
treaty by which in 1883 Chile covenanted
with Peru that, while the former repub-
lie would retain possession of the prov
inces of Tacna and africa for ten years,
yet at the end Of that period she would
allow a plebisoite to be taken whereby
the inhabitants Of those territories
should determine for themselves whether
they desired to become definitely Chill
cans or Peruvians. On n pretext or
another the Santiago Government has
persistently refused to carry out that
provision of the treaty, From the view
point Of her Peruvian neighbor she has
been in wrongful possession OF Tacna n
africa for the last dozen years.
II, however, Secretary Roofs pro-
posal should be accepted by the Pan
American Conference, and later should
be ratified at the Hague Conference,
the moral force derived from such inter-
national Endorsements would prove ire
sistible, and Chile would feel constrained
to refer the fate of Tacna and africa to
an impartial tribunal.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1906-04-19
Western Hemisphere Trade.

The import trade Of all the countries
of thu Western Hemisphere, exclusive Of
the United States, cannot be defined
with absolute accuracy. This is be-
cause of the fact that only a few OF
them make prompt report Of UP to date
statistics. To drop back to some year
when the figures Of all are available
would understate present day condi-
tions. BY adding to the known figures
for 1905 a fair estimate for the unknown,
based on latest available returns, 1t ap-
pears that the annual purchases of all
these countries very closely approx
mate a total of one billion of dollars.
That includes all from Canada to Cape
Horn excepting our W country. 1t Is
equally impossible to give absolutely
accurate figures of the population OF
this area, but it is close to rs, 900, 900.
Our sales to these countries may be
given as not far short of $3.50, 000, 900 for
the calendar year 1905, or about one
third of the total. This is nearly one
fifth of our export sales. Ten years ago
our sales were less than $3.50, 900 900.
Our high percentage of the total amount
is attributable chiefly to our large share
of the trade Of Canada, Cuba and Mexico,
which stand, in that order, as first,
| fourth and fifth in the list Of largest
buyers, with Argentina second and
Brazil third. Our share Of Argentina's
trade is a little more than 10 per cent,
and our sales to Brazil are a little less
than 10 per cent. of her purchases.
Our percentage Of the trade of these
various countries is evidently deter
mined to a large extent bytransportation
facilities. 1t is evident that our sales
in Argentina, Brazil and Uruguay on
the east coast of South America, and in
Chile, Peru and Ecuador on the west
coast, are not and cannot be limited
solely by the question Of original cost
of merchandise. The markets of those
countries are as open to u merchants
as are the markets of Mexico, Guate-
mala, Hayti, Nicaragua and Venezuela,
in which our percentage OF sales is very
much higher. The fact that we sell to Ar
gentina nearly $25 900, 1000 Of her s2o5, ooO,-
900 worth of imports, that we sell Brazil
S11, 900, 900 of her $125 600, 900, and the
three west coast countries $l1 600, 900 OF
their SIS 900, 900, is at least a fair indi-
cation that gates are open and compe-
tition for larger trade promising.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1906-04-19
An Unnecessary Warming.

The Presidents proposal for the limi-
tation OF private fortunes has mystifed
Colonel WArTERsoN. He does not
condemn 1t; in fact, he seems to be in
sympathy with it, for he puts Mr..
Ro%osEvELT's remarkable utterance on
the same plane with the prophetic and
statesmanlike declaration of LINCOLN
that @this Government cannot perma-
nently endure half free and half slave
The Colonel is an inveterate foe of plutoo-
racy; indeed, it is a nightmare to him,
and he is never reluctant to believe the
most sinister things about the designs Of
private individuals with large surpluses.
ButNthere is a danger that looms larger
to the Colonel.
So we find him specializing about Mr..
R~oosEvELT's motive in springing the
progressive inheritance tax upon the
people in a rebuke to the muck rakers.
What can he now be driving at?" asks
Colonel WATTERsoN, with an emphasis
on the now. An awful suspicion grips
him that the President wants a third
term, and to obtain it is planning to
wreck both parties and to build q party
Of his own" There happens to be no
other single figure in the country, he
observes, "of signal ability and great
popularity" Much as he adnires Mr..
ROOSEVELT as a historic character,
the fear haunts him that the President
is tempted by his popularity to smash
the third term tradition. Woe to him, .
says the Colonel in uncomfortable agi-
tation, who believes that it is not deeply
rooted in the minds and hearts of the
great body of the people, He warns
Mr.. ROOSEVELT not to tamper with it
or there will be an uprising of all parties.
a union Of all elements, mo matter what
the leadership, what the opportunity,
and what the temptation, to rescue the
Government from the one-man power,
whether it took its cue from DrAz in
Mexico or CESAR in Rome
The Colonel might take his cue, II he
would effervesce less and think more,
from the published statements of THEo-
DoRE ROOSEVELT himself on the inviola-
bility of the third term tradition. What
ever his economic views, Mr.. ROOSEVELT
is a patriotic American, equalling if not
excelling Colonel WATTERsoN in respect
for his country's institutions, And Mr..
ROOSEVELT has a great fame to preserve
undimmed, So, being a patriotic man
and taking a proper pride in himself,
he is doubly guarded against the temp
tation which the imaginative WAITER
SON fears that he may yield to. 1t is
singular that a man whose tributes have
been 80 warm should &C misjudge him
and affront him.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1906-04-19
Mr.. Cockran's Splendid Contribution

II comes to light now that when the
members of the Democratic Club had
GOOD cause to fear that the Hon. W.
BoURKE COCHRAN would deliver a speech
at their annual dinner in celebration of
the birth of THOMAS JEFFERSON they
declined with substantial unanimity to
attend the feast. Not ven the promise
of the club managers that Mr.. CoCKRAN's
address should be oounteracted by
remarks from several men of sense
overcame the Discrimination of the club
members to submit themselves to his
oratory. The prospects of success for
the gathering were slim indeed.
Then Mr.. COCHRAN publicly announced
his intention to refrain from attending.
Immediately the club members rushed
to the ticket booth, put down their cash
and declared with great joy their desire
to take part in the festivities. The
demand for seats grew larger as the
news of Mr.. CoCKRAN's contemplated
absence spread. When the time for
receiving subscriptions ended the list
of diners was larger than it had been
for any previous occasion Of the kind.
The men of sense and intelligence
attended the dinner, ate, drank, smoked
and talked. They had a good time, an
instructive and heartening time. The
managers OF the dinner have been con-
graduated on the perfect arrangements,
the good taste, the general enjoyability
Of the affair.
1t is plain, however, that the real
triumph was the Hon. W. BoURKE
CocKRAN's. He made the Democratic
| Clubs jefferson celebration a complete
and unalloyed success by his mastery
refusal to take any part in il.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1906-04-19
Puncturlng swollen Fortunes.

To THE EDITOR OF THE SUN-Sir: Jeher-
son was wrong when he advocated q law Of
equal Inheritance to all In equal degree. " and
Roosevelt ia equally wrong when he advo-
oates the taxation OF fortunes swollen be-
You'd healthy limits
1t is not with how Jack Cade should divide
his Ill gotten wealth that the country has to
deal, but with the causes which enable our
Jack Cades to pile UP these swollen fortunes.
To the community belongs the wealth created
by the community. Every man has a nat
ural, inherent, inallenRble right to swap the
goods he has for the goods he wants.
This means that the unearned Increment
OF land values belongs by right to the whole
community, not 10 any single individual;
that public utilities must be owned and oper-
ated by the public. and that custom houses
and protective tariffs must cease to exist
Then there will be no swollen fortunes TO
worry about or TO suggest the passing OF
absurd laws 10 keep them within alleged
healthy limits.
What a mai has honestly earned is his TO
do what he pleases with; it Is the highest
public duty to make him keep his hands of
what does not belong to him and What he can
never honestly acquire.
Free Trade, Free Land. Free Men"-and
no swollen fortunes to any limit. healthy or
unhealthy. This is what jefferson would
advocate were he alive to-day.
HnW YORK April II. u. r. AAAARAkElAs 90
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1906-04-19
DEFECTIVE BROOKLYN SEWERS.
Twenty.one Constructed Unde President
LttletOn Must BE Rebuilt.

Twenty.one Constructed Under President
Littleton Must BE Rebuilt.
Chief Engineer Asserson of the borough
OF Brooklyn has reported that twenty-one
pipe sewers constructed during the closing
half year OF President Littleton's admins
tration were put up in such a defective
manner and have become 80 dangerous
TO public health that their removal and
the building Of new sewers should be begun
at once. He says that there is scarcely a
joint In these sewers which does not leak
80 that the sewage escapes and forms cess
pools.
This is the list OF the alleged worthless
sewers:
Eighty-nrst street. First avenue to Second
avenue. Ovinston avenue. Fifth avenue
to Sixth. Seventy-fret street, Tenth avenue
to Eleventh. Maple street. Rogers avenue
to Nostrand. Church avenue. East Eleventh
street TO East Fifteenth. EiRhty-f1fth street,
First avenue to Third. Sherman street,
Tenth avenue TO Eleventh. India street,
Oakland street to Provost. Fiftieth street.
Thirteenth avenue to Fourteenth. Sixty
seventh street, Second avenue to Third.
Jefferson street. Irving avenue TO Wyckoh.
Jefferson street, Wyckoh avenue to St.
Nicholas. Eighty-eighth street, First avenue
to Narrows. Forty-seventh street. Thir-
teenth TO Fourteenth avenue. Third avenue,
Ninety-second street TO Nlnety-fourth street.
Albany avenue, st. Marks avenue to Pros
poet place, Rogers avenue. Linden to Mar
tense avenue. Nostrand avenue, Wildwood
TO Hawthorne street. Sizty-hfth street.
Fifth to Eighth avenue. Seventh avenue
to Twelfth avenue. S~eventy-ninth to Ninety
second street. SiXtieth street, New Utrecht
avenue to Fort Hamilton avenue.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1906-04-19
CAN'T HAVE LONGWORTH VIOLIN.
Miss Morosi Already Has . Large Slice Of
Earth's blessings.

The District Attorneys Office doesn't
think much Of the claim Of Miss Elise Morosi,
q cook, that a violin which Congre ssman
Nicholas Longworth sent to this city to be
sold once belonged to her. Magistrate
Barlow in the West Side police court referred
the case to the District Attorneys Office and
Assistant District Attorney Pinchot made
an investigation yesterday.
Miss Morosi's story was that she had
bought a violin in Philadelphia and thought
it was worth something. She showed 1t
to her employers, MI. and Mrs. c. z, Still;
man Of So West F~orty-second street, and
they told her they would find out for her,
She says that she got back from them q
different violin, and then went to Flechters,
in Union Square, where ehe saw the Long
worth violin, and said it belonged to her,
The Stillmans told Mr.. Pinchot yesterday
that she got back her original violin, MI
Flechter said there q nc doubt that the
violin he had belonged to Mr.. Lonyworth,
Mr.. Pinchot decided that there couldn't
be any doubt about the story told b, ths
Stillmans and Mr.. Flechter, and told M1s
Morosi that she had n % case, She pa,
however, a preparation for making hair
grow on bald heads.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1906-04-19
A Franklin Fancy.

II the shade Of FRANKLIN visited
Philadelphia ON the opening day of the
celebration we wonder where it paused
the longest-in Witherspoon Hall, where
the dignitaries and the notables were
assembled to honor his memory; in
front of the City Hall, blazing with
electric designs and a-hutter with flags;
before the returned portrait by WILSON
in the Academy Of Fine Arts; or on the
Market street wharf, where he landed
from the Burlington boat one Sunday
morning in 1928 with a single dollar and
his pockets stuffed with shirts and stock
ings? Ashilling in ooppers he had given
to the boatmen, although he had tugged
at an oar most Of the way.
Who can ever forget his story Of that
entry to Philadelphia: "Iwalked toward
the top of the street, gazing about,
till heal Market street, where l met a
boy with bread. I had often made a
meal of dry bread, and inquiring where
he had bought it | went Immediately
to the bakers he directed me to. |
asked for biscuits, meaning such as we
had at Bosom; that sort, it seems, was
not made in Philadelphia. then asked
for a three penny loaf, and was told they
had none. Not knowing the different
prices, nor the names of the different
sorts of bread, l told him to give me
three penny worth Of any sort. He gave
me accordingly three great puffy rolls.
/ was surprised at the quantity, but took
it, and having M room in my pockets,
walked off with a roll under each arm
and eating the other" And the story
goes on to tell how he munched and
walked, and looked shrewdly about him
how he saw his future wife standing in a
doorway on Fourth street, casually OBJ
serving his ridiculous appearance;
how he strolled back to the wharf to get
drink of the river water, and gave two
of his puffy rolls TO "a woman and her
child that came down the river in the
boat with U.S."
FRANKLIN knew the value of judicious
advertising; and while he did not de-
preciate his fame, he was not elated by
1t. JOHN ADAMS, byno means It friendly
critic, admits that Ibis reputation was
more universal than that of LEIBNITZ
or NEWTON, FREDERICK or VoLTA1RE,
and his character more beloved and
esteemed than any or all Of Them We
can imagine the revisiting shade OF
FRANKLIN c~omplacently interested in
the honor done him on the 20Oth ami
versary Of his birth in the town of his
adoption, where the luminosity Of the
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1906-04-19
CITY REVENUE FROM SUBWAY,
Metz Thinks 1t May Be Time for That Per
Cent. Conditioned on Profits.

Comptroller Metz wrote yesterday to
President August Belmont Of the Inter.
borough company asking for information
concerning the earnings Of the company,
Mr.. Metz pointed out that under the terms
Of the contract between the company and
the city the company was bound TO pay
to the municipality, in addition to the
interest on the money advanced by the
city for the construction of the subway
and the rental charges, / per cent. on the
bonds issued by the city, to form a sinking
fund for the redemption of the bonds at
the end OF fifty years. 1t was provided,
however, "a at the time the contract was
made the earning power Of the subway
was problematical, the sinking fund charge
should not begin until the end Of the fnt
five years Of operation, unless the company
made a profit Of five per cent. on the capital
IL invested itself in equipment.
Mr.. Metz thinks that the traffic the com.
nany Ia carving warrants the belief that
the Is earning more than a 5 per
cent. profit, and that the company should
begin at once to make contributions to
the sinking fund. The cost Of the building
of the subway to the city was about s4S,-
10000, so that the / per cent. sinking fund
nrovision would amount to about $3.50
q wear. What Mr.. Metz wishes to asoer.
tain Ia the amount of money the Inter
borough company invested out Of its
W pocket in the tunnel. Mr.. Belmont
has stated that 1t was over 81, 1000 900, but
az there have been some doubts expressed
Nv CITY authorities as to the accuracy Of
that estimate, Mr.. Metz is seeking an oppor.
tiipity to satisfy himself on the point, 90
that he can determine whether or not hs
ought to make a demand on the company
to begin the payments to the sinking fund
at once, instead Of waiting for the expirar
ton Of FIVE YEAR,.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1906-04-19
San Francisco.

San Francisco has had great fires
before, particularly in the early days
Of Its American history, and the earth
quake in 1858 did a good deal of damage,
but such experiences are dwarfed by
the double calamity that has now be-
fallen it, the record of which Is not at
this writing complete.
To the westernmost OF the great
American cities in her time Of need
sympathy and assistance in more sub
stantial form will go forth promptly
from all parts Of the Union. Let New
York's hand be the first to help,
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1906-04-19
The Latin American Republics and
the Calvo Doctrine.

Some of the most important Latin
American States have agreed to urge
the Pan-American Conference, which is
to be held in July at Rio de Janeiro, to
adopt the so-called Calvo doctrine, ac-
cording to which contractual obligations
incurred by a weak country to the citi-
zens or subjects of a strong one should
not be collected by force. We learn
from Washington that Secretary Root,
~foreseeing the improbability Of the
acceptance of that doctrine by European
Powers, has suggested a substitute,
which, if it meets with the approval of the
Pan-American Conference, would have a
fair chance, he thinks, Of being ratified
subsequently at The Hague.
Mr.. ROOT is undoubtedly justified in
believing that the incorporation Of the
| Calvo doctrine, as originally propounded,
would be opposed by the European
Powers. Senior CALvo, the author Of
the doctrine, maintains that in the case
of debts arising out of contract the
maxim cdredt emptor is applicable, and
a foreign creditor should be RENTED for
his remedy to the courts of the indebted
country. We scarcely need recall that
| Great Britain, Germany and Italy, when
they blockaded Venezuelan seaports in
1902, proceeded on the opposite theory,
and that at the present time neither
the French Government nor our W is
disposed to accept as final the decision
of Venezuelan tribunals. 1t is also
patent that if the Calvo doctrine had
been a recognized part of the law Of ma
tions, the assumption of control of the
Egyptian revenues by Great Britain and
France could not be defended. IN
questionably, the principle diametri-
cally counter to the Calvo doctrine, the
principle, namely, that the fulflment
of contractual obligations may in the last
resort be exacted by force, is now, as it
has long been, upheld by European au-
thorities on international jurisprudence,
although England has often refrained
from applying it in the case Of debts due
to British subjects by weak Latin Ameri-
a republics.
The substitute for the Calvo doctrine
suggested by Secretary Roof is that
after a claim Of a pecuniary nature set
up by subjects Of n nation against
the Government or citizens of another
has been put forward through diplo-
matte channels, and an agreement has
proved unattainable, it shall then be-
come obligatory upon both parties to
refer the case to the Hague tribunal for
final settlement. 1t may be remembered
that at the last Pan-American Congress,
held in Mexico, most of the countries
represented entered into a similar COM
pact. We incline to think, therefore,
that most of the Latin American States
which will take part in the meeting at
Rio de Janeiro will be disposed to look
with favor on Mr.. Roots suggestion.
1t is manifestly for their interest that
diplomatic controversies about con-
tractual obligations should be referred
to the Hague tribunal instead OF being
settled by a ecourse on the part OF
creditors TO blockades and to the confis-
cation Of a part or the whole OF the in
debted oountry's customs revenues.
Whether the European Powers repre-
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1906-04-19
CITY HOSPITALS UNITE.
Permanent Conference Formed TO Prevent
Waste and Extravaganza.


Waste and Extravaganza.
The hospital conference Of the city OF
New York became a permanent organiza-
ton yesterday afternoon when representa-
tives from most OF the hospitals in the
g reater city met in the Academy OF Medi-
cine. A constitution declaring the purpose
of the organization to be the prevention Of
extravaganza and waste in hospital main
tenanoe was adopted and these officers
were elected:
President, the Rev. George F. Clover Of
st. Luke's; first vioe-president, Richard
Townley OF J. Hood Wright; second vice.
president, Mrs. A. NJ. 1awton, General
Memorial; secretary, DR.. g.. s. G%oldwater,
Mount Sinai; treasurer, A. H. Harrington,
New York Eye and Ear Hospital.
A circular letter had been sent out ask-
Ing superintendents to answer q number Of
questions, which went into detail regarding
the financial management Of the institu-
tions. 1t developed yesterday that only a
few Of the delegates had received thefO
circulars, and most of those who had them
were unwilling to give the desired informa-
ton. 1t was decided, therefore, to frame
a new gel. OF questions calling for more
general information.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1906-04-19
The Plain Way to Avoid a Gigantic
Mistake.

Secretary TAFT's declaration yester-
day to the Senate Committee on Inter-
oceanic Canals was emphatic. There
must be immediate action by Congress
concerning the type of canal at Panama,
il Congress is going to act at all on the
subject and not put the entire respop-
sibility upon the Administration The
work has gone as far as it can go until
the type is determined.
II am quite aware" Mr.. TAFT said to
the committee, ~of the gravity of the
question and Of the serious character
of a mistake"
We agree with the Secretary. A mis-
take now in the determination of the type
would be ir~reparable, entailing meal
culable consequences Of misfortune.
Engineers may discuss the sea level
canal and the lock canal at high level
for the next twenty years without com
ing to en- agreement. The literature of
the Type may grow until it overcrowds
the Library of Congress, and the theo-
retical controversy will yet be active.
After all that, the obvious common sense
OF the question Will ne eNdCIly WldI IL
is to-day. and we beg leave to state it
once more with brevity:
If sea level or nothing is adopted,
and experience shows that the job is 80
mighty that the completion of the canal
lie thrust into the indefinite future, a
tremendous mistake will have been made
by the United States Government.
If the unalterable lock canal at high
level is adopted, and experience shows
that nothing short of a sea level water
way is adequate to the future needs Of
the country and the world, a tremendous
mistake will have been made by the
United States Government.
II the work of construction is so shaped
that we get a lock canal at high level
transferable gradually into a sea level
waterway, il that be found advisable,
without interruption to traffic or loss Of
time and money previously invested, no
mistake whatever will have been made
by the United States Government,
whether the ultimate form of the canal
be lock or sea level.