davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1906-04-04
SMITH HASTENS BILL.
Insurance Charter ErtensiOn Intro
duced" after Senate AdjOatrns.
[By Telegraph o The Trlbuns. !

Albany April 3.-After the Senate adjourned
to-day Senator Smith, of Dutchess County, got
10 the clerks desk a bill which was entered in
the bill book and put through the regular
course Of a bin properly and legally introduced
and referred to committee by the president Of
the Senate. The measure was of the much con-
demned class, extending by legislative authority
the corporate existence of the Duchess Insur-
ance Company. The urgent nature of the case
which demanded so extraordinary treatment
may be imagined when # is known that the
company's existence otherwise would terminate
April i.
Senator Smith tried hard to introduce his bill
i'm the regular way at the end Of a session by
unanimous consent. but overlooked by the
president, and the session adjourned. He was
much disturbed and fumed around the Senate
desk for a few minutes, explaining the impor-
tance Of his bill Subsequent investigation dis
closed his bill properly entered in the various
books under the Introductory number S36 The
copy on file was marked Rush" The Senate
desk explained that surely the bill was intro
duced regularly.
A similar bill. precisely The same in wording
save that il applied to the Richmond Mutual
Insurance Company. was introduced last week
by Senator Smith, who explained that the bill
was introduced because il seemed the best way
20 settle point at issue between the Insurance
Department and the Attorney General over the
proper method Of giving more time to a hard
pressed concern.
The Duchess company has been In the fire
insurance business for seventy years, and ac-
cording to local insurance men, is said to be
reliable. No reason could he offered here why
a bill should be entered at this time, unless the
COmpgnNS charter has expired.
New-York tribune., 1906-04-04

Fine outside!
Our Spring overcoats are that, and
more.
They are fine inside, too-some as
fine as silk Innings can make them;
and all of the careful workmanship
and choice fabrics which account for
the satisfaction our clothing gives.
Spring overcoats, SIG to S35.
Boys Spring overcoats, $3.50 to
$14.
ROGERS, PEET & COMPANY.
Three Broadway Stores
,ss s42 1900
u.r,.,., is,hss szndsE
New-York tribune., 1906-04-04
A Business Revolution

The 1Itle Guarantee and Trus;
Company has revolutionized the
whole method of conducting real
estate transactions.
In former times the ineKpen-
enced individual engaging in a real
estate transaction might be imposed
upon al every turn. To-day . ten
million dollar company takes care
OF every detail from the preliminary
contract 10 the closing of the title,
at q minimum expense, and then
guarantees the result.
TILE GUARANTEE
AND TRUST CO
Capita. q Surplus, sfo.ooo,ooo
80 Broad way. HeE York
Us aesascn Street. Broe:iyn.
krookisu Baking psg.. .ss Montague s<
The Washington herald., 1906-12-05
Investigation Of Disputes Between
Capital and Labor.

The commission appointed by the Pres
ident, October Is, 1902. at the request of
both the anthracite coal operators and
miners, TO inquire into, consider, and pass
upon the questions in controversy in con-
nection whit he strike in the anthracite
regions of Pennsylvania and the causes
out of which the controversy arose. in
their report. findings and award express
ed the belief that the State and Federal
governments should provide the machin
cry for whae may be called the conpnI-
sorry investigation Of controversies be-
tween employers and employees when they
arise" This expression or belief Is de-
serving Of the favorable consideration
Of the Congress and the enactment of its
provisions into law. A bill has already
been introduced 10 this end
Records show that during the twenty
years from January 1. 1881, to December
81. 1900, there were strikes affecting III 500
establishments, and 6,105, ,694 employees
were thrown out of employment During
the same period there we're 1.005 lock-
outs. involving nearly 10000 establish
ments. throwing over one million people
out OF employment. These strikes and
iockOuts involved an estimated loss TO
employees of S3O7. 10000 and to employers
of S143, 100000. a total of S45o, ,000,0 600. The
public suffered directly and indirectly
probably a great additional less. But
The Washington herald., 1906-12-05
CAPITAL AND LABOR

In dealing with both labor and capital
with the questions affecting both corDor-
ations and trades unions, there is one
matter more important to remember than
aught else, and that Is the infinite harm
done by preachers Of mere discomfort
These are the men who seek TO excite a
violent class hatred against all men Of
wealth. They seek to turn wise and
proper movements for the better control
of corporations and for doing away with
the abuses connected with wealth into a
campaign of hystericAl excitement and
falsehood in which the aim is to inf7ame
to madness the brutal passions of man.
kind
To preach hatred of the rich man as
such, TO carry on campaign of slander
and invective against him to seelr tn
mislead and inhame 10 madness honest
men whose lives are hard and who have
not the kind of mental training which
viii permit them 10 appreciate the dan
ger in the doctrines preached-all this is
to commit a crime against the body poli-
tic and to be false to every worthy nrin-
ciple and tradition of American national
life In the long run every such move
ment will either fail or else will provoke
a violent reaction.
Corruption is never so rife as in com
munities where the demagogue and the
agitator bear full sway, because in such
communities all moral bands become
loosened. and hysteria and sensatfonalism
replace the spirit of sound judgment and
fair dealing as between man and man
The one hope for success for our. peonle
lies in a resolute and fearless, but sane
and cool-headed, advance along the path
marked out last year by this very Con-
gress. There must be a stern refusal To
be misied into following either that base
creature who appeals and panders to the
lowest instincts and passions in order to
arouse one set Of Americans against their
fellows, or that other creature. equally
base but no baser, who. in a spirit of
greed, or to accumulate or add to an al
ready huge fortune. seeks to exploit his
fellowAmericans with callous disregard
10 their welfare of soul and body. The
man who debauches others in order to OBJ
tain high Office stands on an evil equal
The Washington herald., 1906-12-05
Employers Liability.

Among the excellent laws which the
Congress past at the last session was an
employers liability law 1t was a mark
ed step in advance 70 get the recognition
Of employers liability on the statute
books; but the law did not go far enough
Il IS a great social injustice 10 compel
the emplOye. or rather the family OF the
killed or disabled victim. TO bear the en-
tire burden of such an inevitable sacrifce
In other words, society shirks its duty by
laying the whole cost on the victim
whereas the injury comes from what may
be called the legitimate risks of the
trade. Compensation for accidents or
deaths due in any line of industry TO the
actual conditions under which that indus
try is carried on, should be paid by that
portion Of the community for the bene-
Mt of which the industry is carried on
that is, by those who profit by the indus
try. II the entire trade risk is placed
upon the employer he viii promptly and
properly add it to the legitimate cost Of
production and assess it proportionately
upon the consumers of his commodity II
Is therefore clear 10 my mind that the
law should place this entire risk of a
trade" upon the employer Neither the
Federal law, nor, as far as 1 am inform
ed, the State laws dealing with the ques-
ton of employers liability are sufficient
IS thoroughgoing. The Federal law
should, OF course, include employees in
navy yards. arsenals. and the like.
The Washington herald., 1906-12-05
TNJUNCTIONs.

In my last message / suggested the en-
aCtment Of d law in connection with the
issuance Of injunctions. attention having
been sharply drawn to the matter by
the demand that the right of applying in
functions in labor cases should be wholly
abolished. 1t is at least doubtful wheth-
er law abolishing altogether the use Of
injunctions in such cases would stand
the test OF the courts, in which case Of
course the legislation would be ineffec-
tive. Moreover, l believe il would be
wrong altogether 90 prohibit the use of
injunctiOns. 1t is criminal 10 permit
sympathy for criminals to weaken our
hands in uphOlding the law: and if men
seek to destroy life or property by mob
violence there should be no impairment
Of the power Of the courts to deal with
them in the most summary and effective
way possible. But so far as possible the
abuse OF the power should be provided
against by some such law as | advocated
last year.
OF course a judge strong enough to be
fit for his Office viii enioin any resort 70
violence or intimidation, especially by
conspiracy, no matter what his opinion
may be of the rights of the original quar-
rel. There must be no hesitation in deal
ING Win ulSOTder. But there must like
wise be no such abuse of the injunctive
power as is implied in forbidding laboring
men to strive for their own betterment in
peaceful and lawful ways; nor must the
injunction be used merely 10 aid some
big corporation in carrying out schemes
for its own aggrandizement 1t must be
remembered that a preliminary Injunction
in labor case, if granted without ade-
quate proof (even when authority can be
found to support the conclusions of law
on which it is founded. may often set
tie the dispute between the parties; and
therefore. IL Improperly granted may do ir-
reparable wrong. Yet there are MANY
judges who assume a matter-of-course
granting OF a preliminary injunction 10 be
the ordinary and proper judicial disposi
ton Of such cases; and there have un-
doubtedly been fragrant wrongs commit
ted by judges in connection with labor
disputes even within the last few wears
although I think much less often than
in former years. Such judges by their
unwise action immensely strengthen the
hands Of those who are striving entirely
to do away with the power OF Injunction:
and therefore such careless use of the
injunctive process tends to threaten It's
very existence. for If the American peo-
pie ever become convinced that this proc
The Washington herald., 1906-12-05
Setting Aside of Judgments and
Granting of New Trials.

would Ike to call attention to the
very unsatisfactory state OF our criminal
law, resulting in large part from the habit
Of setting aside the judgments Of inferior
courts on teChnicalities absolutely un-
connected with the merits Of the case.
and where there IS no attempt to show
that there has been any failure of sub
stantial justice. 1t would be we'll to en-
act a law providing something to the ef-
feet that:
No judgment shall be set aside or new
trial granted in any cause. civil or
criminal, on the ground Of misdirection
Of the jury or the improper admission or
rejection Of evidence or for error as 70
any matter of pleading or procedure un-
less. in the opinion Of the court TO which
the application is made. after an exami-
nation Of the entire cause. It shall az
firmatively appear that the error COM
plained Of has resulted in a miscarriage
Of justice
The Washington herald., 1906-12-05
NO CHANGE IN SPELLING.
Paragraph in Appropriation BIZ
Agreed on by subcommittee.


Agreed on by subcommittee.
The subcommittee of the House Com
mittee on Appropriations. which is
working on the legislative. executive.
and judicial appropriation bill, has
finally decided to insert in that meas
ure a paragraph providing that all doc
uments and publications over which
Congress has Jurisdiction shall be spell
ed according to the methods approved
by Webster's dictionary. Such doeu-
ments Will include the Congressional
Record, bills, resolutions, reports on
bills. and resolutions; annual reports Of
departments, which are ordered by
Congress: and, in short, practically
everything in the line Of public and
official documents except the Presi-
dents message.
1t is assumed that the full committee
win adopt the recommendation Of the
subcommittee, and that the whole mat
ter viii thus be passed up to Con-
gress- Until both Houses act in the
premises, however, both styles of SPELL
ing viii be observed in bills and other
documents The new style will be used
first. and each word spelled according
to that style will be followed by the
same word. spelled according TO the old
method, in parentheses. The sentiment
among lawmakers generally seems TO
be overwhelmingly in favor of the re-
tention or the old style.
The legislative, executive. and Judi
cial bill will be the first Of the big
money bills reported to the House, 50
early action on the spelling matter is
looked for
The Washington herald., 1906-12-05
PRESIDENT PREPARES DATA
Maj. Darlington Called Into Confer
ence on Brownsville Riots.
Prompt and Complete Answer to Be
Made TO the senate Resolutions
Asking for the Facts.

President Roosevelt and Gen. CARING
ton, inspector general of the army. held
a long conference at the White House
last night regarding the riots at
Brownsville, Tex, which resulted in the
summary dismissal OF three battalions Of
the Twenty-fifth Infantry.
The President is making preparations
to answer either the Penrose OF. Foraker
resolutions, If adopted by the Senate. and
VIII have the reply ready for transmittaI
Thursday, If necessary.
Predictions Of storm in the Senate
yesterday over the dismissed men II the
Twenty-ffth were visited with failure.
Senator Penrose was not present when
the reading Of the message closed. and
miscellaneous business was taken I'D.
Senator Foraker simply moved that his
resolution go over and be again printed
In the Congressional Record tC cure some
Typographical errors. Notwithstanding
the innocuous Quietude that seemed to
have settled down on the Senator's who
want to take up the eudgel in defense
of the negro troops, it was well under
STOOD that the subject viii sooner or
later be well threshed out. Several DEM
Ocratic Senators during the day expressed
their desire to see the resolutions passed,
so as to bring all the facts before the
country. But no Democratic Senator was
found who said he would vote to censure
the President for diSChargiEg the negro
battalion, or in any way support any
form Of disapproval of his act.
Senator Penrose said he had no hesita-
ton In stating that his move in the mat
ter was prompted by a desire 10 crafty
the wish of former Representative
George II. White. 10 get a day IN court
fOr the discharged men. Nh White, who
IS a negro. formerly lived in North Caro-
lina, and was twice elected TO Congress
from that State. and, in fact, was the
last colored member of the House from
any State He now lives in Philadelphia,
and has a prosperous law practice there.
During the last State campaign White
was relied on by the regular Republicans
TO keep the large negro vote OF Philadel-
phia in lire for the Penrose ticket, and
not go over TO the fusion camp. This
he did in good shape, and Senator PEN
rose therefore feels under especial Obli-
cations to him. White himself INDUCES
in no rosy expectation that much can be
accomplished for the discharged men, but
he VIII do what he can for them.
Representative Slayden. of Texas. yes
teTday introduced a bin 10 discontinue the
enlistment Of colored trops in the army.
There are now four colored regiments
two Of infantry and two of cavalry.
The Washington herald., 1906-12-05
NEGRO RESOLUTION TODAY.
Investigation of Discharge of SOL
diers Among Possibilities.

It was the understanding when the
Senate adjourned yesterday that its time
would be occupied to-day mainly in de-
batting the pending resolution offered by
Senator Penrose, Of Pennsylvania, and
Senator Foraker, of Ohio, calling on the
President for information concerning the
discharge Of the three companies Of negro
soldiers.
There is a wide difference of opinion as
to what disposition will be made Of the
resolution. A prominent New England
Senator usually we'll informed. predicted
that Senator FOraker's substitute would
be adopted and that an investigation Of
the whole subject by the Senate Commit
tee on Military Affairs would follow.
It is understood that Chairman War
ren. chairman Of the Committee on Mill
tary Affairs, will ask that the Penrose
resolution and the Foraker substitute, be
both referred to his committee for a re-
port
The Washington herald., 1906-12-05

ity Of corruption with the man who de-
beuehes others for financial profit, and
when hatred is sOwn the crop which
springs up can only be evil
The plain people who think-the me-
chanics, farmers, merchants, workers
with head or hand, the men 10 whom
American traditions are dear, who love
their country and try TO act decently by
their neighbors, owe it 10 themselves 10
remember that the most damaging blow
that can be given popular government is
to elect an unworthy and sinister agita-
tor on a platform Of violence ana hypoe-
risy. Whenever such an issue Is raised
in this country nothing can De gained by
hinching from il. for Ia such case de-
mocracy is itself on trial. popular self
government under republican forms Is
itself on trial. The triumph of the
mob is just as evil a thing as the
triumph OF the plutocracy, and to have
escaped one danger avails nothing what
ever If we succumb to the other In the
end the honest man, whether rich or
poor. who earns his own living and tries
TO deal justly by his fellows, has as
much 70 fear from the insincere and un-
worthy demagogue. promising much and
performing nothing, or else performing
nothing but evil, who would set on the
mob TO plunder the rich, as from the
crafty eorruptionist, who. for his own
ends would permit the common people
To be exploited by the very wealthy. IL
we ever let this government fall into the
hands of men Of either OF these two class
es, we shall show ourselves false TO Amer
ica's past. Moreover, the demagogue and
the corruptionist often work hand in
hand. There are at this moment wealthy
reactionaries Of such obtuse morality that
they regard the public servant who prose
cutes them when they violate the law. or
who seeks to make them bear their prop
er share Of the public burdens, as being
even more Objectionable than the violent
agiuator who hounds on the mob 10
plumber the rich. There is nothing to
choose between such a reactionary and
such an agitator; fundamentally they are
alike in their selfish disregard Of the
rights Of others. and 1t is natural that
they should join in opposition TO any
movement Of which the aim Is fearlessly
to do exact and even justice to all.
The Washington herald., 1906-12-05
Governments Right of Appeal I'm
Criminal Cases.


Another bin which has just passed one
house Of the Congress and which it is
urgently necessary should be enacted into
law IS that cOnferrlng upon the govern
ment the right OF appeal in criminal
cases on questions Of law. This right ex-
lists In many of the States. It exists in
the District Of Columbia by act of the
Congress. 1t is of course not proposed
that in any case a verdict for the defend
ant on the merits should be set aside Re
Gently in one district where the govern
ment had indicted certain persons for
conspiracy in connection with rebates, the
courts sustained the defendants demur-
rer; while in another jurisdiction an in
dictment for conspiracy 10 obtain re-
bates has been sustained by the court
convictions obtained under II, and two
defendants sentenced 10 Imprisonment
The two cases referred to may not be IN
real conflict with each other. but It is un-
fortunate that there should even be an
apparent conflict At present there is no
way by which the government can cause
such a conflict, when il occurs. 10 be
solved by an appeal to a higher court;
and the wheels of justice are blocked
without any real decision of the question
I cannot too strongly urge the passage
of the bill in question. A failure 10 pass
it will result in seriously hampering the
government in its effort to obtain justice
especially against wealthy individuals or
corporations who do wrong. and may also
prevent the government from obtaining
justice for wageworkers who are not
themselves able effectively 10 contest a
case where the judgment OF an inferior
court has been against them.
The Importance Of enacting into law the
particular bill in question Is further in
creased by the fact that the government
has now definitely begun policy Of re-
sorting 20 the criminal law in those trust
and interstate commerce cases where
such course offers a reasonable chance
OF success Il has become increasingly
evident that the action Of the govern
ment Ia fiually deciding. in certain cases
to undertake criminal PROCEEDINGS was
justidable, and though there have been
some conspicuous failures in these cases,
we have had many successes. which have
undoubtedly had a deterrent effect upon
evil-doers, whether the penalty inflicted
was in the shape Of fine or imprisonment
and penalties OF both kinds have already
been Inflicted by the courts. OF course
where the judge can see his way 10 in
hict the penalty OF imprisonment the de-
terrent effect of the punishment on other
offenders is increased. but sufficiently
heavy fines accomplish much.
The Washington herald., 1906-12-05
Railroad Employer Hours and
Eight-HOur Law.

I call your attention to the need Of
passing the bill limiting the number Of
hours OF employment Of railroad en-
ployes. The measure is a very moderate
one and can conceive Of no serious OBJ
lection to Il. Indeed. so far as II is IN
our power. 1t should be our aim steadily
70 reduce the number OF hours Of labor
with as goal the general introduction
Of an eight-hOUr day There are indus
tries in which 1t is not possible that the
hours Of labor should be reduced; just
as there are communities not far enough
advanced for such a movement 10 be for
their good, or, if in the tropics, so stu
ated that there Is no analogy between
their needs and ours In this matter. On
the Isthmus of Panama, for instance. the
conditions are in every way so different
from what they are here that an eight
hour day would be absurd; just as it is
absurd. so far as the isthmus is concern
ed, where white labor cannot be en-
ployed. 10 bother as 10 whether the nee
essary work is done by alien black men
or by alien yellow men. But the wage
workers Of the United States are Of so
high a grade that alike from the merely
industrial standpoint, and from the civic
standpoint il should be our object to do
what we can in the direction Of securing
the general observance Of an elght-hour
day. Until recently the eight-hour law on
our Federal statute books has been very
scantiiy observed. Now. however large
~ through the instrumentanty OF the Bu-
reau Of Labor. il is being rigidly en-
forced and l shall speedily be able 10
say whether or not there is need Of
further legislation in reference thereto;
for our purpose is 10 see it obeyed in
spirit no less than in letter. Half holi-
days during summer should be establish
ed for Government employees; il is as
desirable for wagewOrkers who toll with
their hands as for salaried officials whose
labor IS mental that there should be a
The Washington herald., 1906-12-05
Labor Of women and Children.

Let me again urge that the Congress
provide for j thorough investigation Of
the conditions Of child labor and Of the
labor Of women in the United States.
The horrors incident 10 the employment
Of young children in factories or at work
anywhere are q blot on our civilization.
II is true that each State must ultimately
settle the question in its own way; but
thorough official investigation OF the mat
ter, with the results published broadcast.
would greatly help toward arOusing the
public conscience and securing unity of
State action in the matter. There is.
however. one law on the subject which
should be enacted Immediately, because
there is no need for an investigation in
reference thereto, and the failure to en-
act it is discreditable TO the national
government A drastic and thorough
going child-labor law should be enacted
for the District Of Columbia and the Ter
ritOTieS