New-York tribune., 1906-08-13
MIR. REDS ADDRESS.
The address was as follows:

n.
The address was as follows
In discharging the duty with which | have
been honored for the opening on the pr ~
course of Cambridge lectures. am asked 70
speak TO YOU as briefly as may De on IhS sIS'a'
est fact in modern history, the rise and deVe''p-
ment of the United States ,,s
Neither George Canning nor ms ring aiIej
this New World into being, and it was not called
into being by anybody for the purpose Cf re-
dressing the balance of the Old. AS 10 lts most
eieni9csnt and for a long time it's leading set
Elements. it was called into being by Cha!Iv~
I when he pursued Separatists. NOncOnfornlsts
and others in the professed interest OF the
Church of England It's growth was checked by
the rise of Oliver Cromwell; and while the PFU-
tectorate lasted the Puritan emigration ceaSeu.
Charles ii revived il, and he and MS DfotheT
lanes bv their treatment Of the PuritanS IN
England and the COvenanters in Scotland. ala
more than any other human power to make
New England and other large sections OF 'ne
United States what they are
TudOrs and Stuarts alike, whatever their IN
tentions. were helpful to the infancy of the new
nation and there. is fitness IN It's possessing en-
during monuments to commemorate them. V1r-
ginia Maryland the CarOlinas. jamestown ana
James River.
At the beginning of this period say at the
opening of the seventeenth century, and near
the close of Queen Elizabeth's long reign all
England was much less than London is now
The total population of England was a little
over four millions, and what is far the
greatest city in the world had then possibly
quarter of a million within it's limits rapid
crease had been caused. by the enormous death
rate, due to epidemics which science had not
learned to control to unhealthful surroundings,
TO constant wars and 20 a deplOrable waste or
human life in the ordinary administration Of
justice. Between 1892 and 1860 London had
eight visitations Of the plague. The sweating
sickness and the smallpox were almost equally
dreaded and equally uncomfortable. The un-
sanitary habits Of the people were extraordi-
tlement in Virginia was named. according 70 the
declaration Of James BalfOur. never washed his
hands. Prisoners were tortured, robbers were
hung witches and religious men whose OrthO-
doxy was not our dOxy were burned. For triv-
1al offences men and women were whipped or
set I'm the stocks. or nailed by their ears to the
ptllory. WttChcraft was firmly embedded in
the faith of the people that the greatest legal
writer Of his time Sir William Blackstone said
as iate as when the American colonies were on
the point OF revolving that every nation In the
world had borne testimony 20 it and that %
deny IL was to deny the revealed word OF GOO.
This is OF course not fair picture OF the
England from which the colOnists went out
though some of it's noticeable features are ac-
curately portrayed. You can family conceive
the limitations Of the England Of that day
how little IL was like the present world when
you add that II knew nothing OF the circulation
OF the blood OF vaccination. OF gravitatiOn. OF
the velocity OF light. OF illumination by petro-
leum, gas or electricity. Of communication by
last or cheap mails Of the telegraph the
telephone; that IL had no newspapers and that
It's books were few and dear.
Yet this England had Magma Charta and
parliamentary government; had greater and
Dettef secured personal liberties than other
country IN Europe and was more jealOuSly
watchfu of them; had an inbred respect for
law and for its officers, and, in spite Of de-
gree OF literaCy that seems now surprising
probably led Europe also in diffused inteIIi-
senCe and in reasoning devotion To religion
In the gallery of England's immOrtalS Milton
was soon to be added TO Shakespeare and the
nation was rapidly approaching the great
contest in which religious zeal and a passion
for civil liberty in an almost equal co-Opera-
tion We're to precipitate a revolution and exc
cute king.
Meantime the land In which the new nation
was to spring up land of rivers and lakes and
unbrOken forests. be-
THE NEW WORLD yond the Atlantic lay
AND ITS COLONISTS. paIpitatins with wild
life under summer
suns or blanketed under winter SHOWS praetI-
cally unpeopled. The first feeble colony arrived
at jamestown seven years after the opening Of
the century; the little company borne by the
MayhoWer to Plymouth Rock thirteen wears
2fter that. The only inhabitants at the beginning
of the seventeenth century were the mysteri-
QaS abOrigines, whose origin. languages and Gus
TOMS we're alike unknown, whose trails through
the forest We're the only roads. whose patches OF
Indian corn were the only agriculture whose
clusters or wiSwanls were the only cities. Be
tween the Great Lakes and the Gulf from the
Atlantic the AIleghanies. there were in all
less than 2o0,0VO OF them. in limits which now
contain the second city in the world. seventeen
great states. and total population of over
thirty millions.
~ the beginning OF another century the efgh-
teenth this new world had started into full life
among the forests. Scattered and still feeble
Britain. hay in isolated settlements along the
Atlantic Coast from Massachusetts 70 the Gulf
of Mexico. ana Ill several points were spreading
westward tOWarI the AleghanieS ~ this time
they jIad come 10 Include spTinkling OF several
Northern TaceS-sOOn 10 melt wonderfully into
Tie, AEglO-S2Xon mould. and to rcnOunCe other
allegiance in order TO seek the privileges Of
British subjects. There were Dutch in New
NOGk-iu fact. New York was for about half "a
eEtUTy Dutch city There were Swedes in
Delaware and Germans in Pennsy yivauia. and To
tlcse were added the best France had to give in
a. considerable influx of the prosecuted and eX-
lied HusueEI T.. There were many seCts too
and these did not melt readily into one mould.
EaEtists n RhCda Island, Episcopalians in New
YurA ard Virginia, Pi -sSytefians ir New Jersey
ana TIE C2rJints. tlJai,ers and LutNerans in
Pen ;sYl,aEia, Roman. Catholics II Maryland. vi
Cf thcm insisted freedom - enjoy their CWn
!sltCi i'!- !nUnr "a them had II unin-
hsbitcd country fcr That purpose-bUt not all
were ready 60 ;ol -,at" c:aer peoples religion.
At times there had besn CiCyJs t. impose uD~n
them the Established Church of England. but
this they taougAt consent impossible Religion
a!!d education they fCstercd alike The church
and the schOolhouse went with every fresh
pioneer settlement. But many IF them left Eng
land 10 escape bishops. others to escape the rul-
ing classes and in their new homes they would
They demanded the right OF the English born 20
participate IN the government. but they were not
ready to have every body 20 share Il with them.
In the early days OF New England none but
church members could vote or hold Office. AS
late as 1879 hardly grown man in Massa-
chusetts out OF FIVE could vote. Cotton de-
nounced democracy, thinking, doubt. with