davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The independent. [volume] (Lincoln, Neb.) 1902-1907, 1906-02-22
Ole Nebraska Independent

the past we submitted to railroad ex-
tOrtiOns, not because we liked it, but
because railroads were useful to u.s.,
and we wanted more of them. We
listened to railroad politicians who
told us that we must not oppose rail-
roads in anything, but must let them
have their way if we would hope for
more railroads.
We submitted to extortion and
plumber, and the railroads came and
waxed rich, until they are now the
envy of embodied greed. Only few
years ago, on the memorable nineth
day of May, 1901, the financial world
was convulsed by a battle of the finan-
cial giants of the age over the control
of one of our railroads. The treas
uries and credit OF the Union and
Central Pacific railways were pitted
against those of the Great Northern
in a battle, of dollars, for the control
of the Northern Pacific that had just
bought in the Burlington on a basis
of 5000 per share. In that battle,
which eliminated On May 8, 1901,
the shares of the Northern Pacific
reached the stupendous figure of 81 900
per share.
The foregoing is here recalled, be-
cause the Union Pacific and the Bur
lington now refuse to pay their taxes
on an assessment millions too low
for the support of the state, on whose
people they fatten through extortion-
ate freight rates. Is it not time for
us, to use a slang phrase ITO get
wise?" on the railroad question?
We are doing some other things
that no longer become u.s. When we
were young we voted to let the iron
barOns fix the tariff on iron. We
did it because we were patriotic, and
were willing to be taxed to build up
infant industries. But we were inno-
cent then and did not know that we
were being outrageously f1im-fammed.
But, how about it now? We have
seen the wealth of one iron master
jump from $1O,OOO,OOO to 100000, 900
in nine years. We have seen a steel
corporation capitalized at 81, 400, 900, 900
and another corporation for half the
amount is now in process of formation.
Our iron masters can sell their pro-
duets at a princely profit at a price
less than the cost of production in
England or Belgium. Yet the Ne
braska delegation in congress vote for
duty of seven dollars and eighty
five cents ton on steel rails. We
didn't know any better than to do
those things once, but we do know
better now. Is it not time then, that
we arouse ourselves and shake off
the spell that binds us to such folly?
THE AWAKENING OF CHINA
The independent. [volume] (Lincoln, Neb.) 1902-1907, 1906-02-22
THE INDEPENDENT,
Lincoln, Neb.
TO NEBRASKANS

The editor of The Independent has
been resident and taxpayer of the
state for twenty-four years, much of
this time however has been spent
outside of the state including eleven
years at Washington, d. C. During
all of this time he has kept close
watch upon everything of interest to
Nebraskan. He had an extensive
knowledge of the country at large be-
fore taking up his residence here, and
chose Nebraska because he liked it's
climate, it's soil and its people. After
twenty-four years he is still of the
same mind, and believes that he made
the best choice of a location that could
have been made.
The high esteem in which he holds
the people of Nebraska, however, is
not based upon their success in
achieving good government, but rather
upon the good intentions, and the in
dependent spirit that he knows to
abide within them.
"Ardour is of youth, and wisdom Of
age is often as true to communities
and states as of individuals. Our
state is young. Our people gathered
here from everywhere but few years
ago, comparatively but yesterday.
Our history is brief. First on virgin
prairie, rich but untried, are gathered
together a few strangers from diverse
and distant homes A few years of
toll and sacrifice and then a great
commonwealth, already rich, but only
on the threshold of the mighty promise
the future holds for it.
We have done well, that is, we have
done some things pretty WE'LL But
we must not forget that much credit
is due to the Goddess or Fortune that
directed our steps unto a rich and
unoccupied prairie-land that contained
SO much latent wealth. Here we
found a soil, climate and conditions
generally favorable for the develop
ment that has followed But, be that
as it may, we are here, and we are
rich and we rejoice IN our good for
tune.
Is 1t not time, then, that we put
behind us the things. of yesterday
and with them our excuses for them
that do not become us today? Ii
The independent. [volume] (Lincoln, Neb.) 1902-1907, 1906-02-22
OIL

An agitation bordering on excite
ment exists over the alleged finding
of oil, gas and coal in Richardson and
Gage counties, and of late prospectors
are talking confidently of including
Lancaster county in the roll of future
Eldorados. Who knows what the
future holds in store for our lusty
young state? Nothing can prevent Ne
braska from achieving first place in
the production of corn, beef and pork.
We are sure of second place as
wheat state, and our possibilities in
that direction are far from being
reached.
Now, if in addition we are to become
producers of coal and oil, our measure
will, indeed, be full to overfowing.
We should lend every encouragement
to the prospectpr. Inventors and
prospectors are in most instances,
at first, considered Missionaries and
dreamers, but it is to these that our
country owes it's greatest achieve
ments. To one of these we owe the
discovery of America.
Our biologists report that the pros
pect of finding oil in paying quantities
is not very good. But what do they
know about it? When and where did
biologists point. the way To- any of
the discoveries made in the bowels of
the earth? Scholarship consists in
familiarity with principles and things
known, and it's professors are the
premiers of conservatism. The pro-
gress of the human race IN exploring
untrodden paths that led to progress
in all fields of human endeavor have
been against the protests of scholar
ship. Scholarship is good thing in
it's place, but it's place never was on
the picket line
The independent. [volume] (Lincoln, Neb.) 1902-1907, 1906-02-22

Why is it necessary to enact laws
compelling the railroads to afford
track privileges to independent eleva-
tor companies? Who constituted the
railroad corporations fdictators to de.
termine who may or may not ship the
products OF the farm to market? The
The independent. [volume] (Lincoln, Neb.) 1902-1907, 1906-02-22

The readers of The Independent will
be kept posted on all matters of in
terest Or concern to the residents of
Nebraska.
The independent. [volume] (Lincoln, Neb.) 1902-1907, 1906-02-22

The free pass bribery system must
go.
The newspaper is the organ of pub
lie intelligence.
The professional lobby must be
driven from the halls of legislation,
both state and national.
New Ulm review., 1906-02-21
His Working Clothes.

Lord Ellenborough once reproved a
bricklayer for coming to be sworn in
his usual habiliments. when you have
to appear before this court it is your
bounden duty to be clean and decent in
your appearance. Upon my life, If it
comes to that said the bricklayer,
I'm every bit as we'll dressed as your
lordship.'' How do you mean, sir?''
exclaimed the chief justice angrily.
well. it's just this. You come here in
your working clothes. and I come in
mine''
It was very seldom, however, that
anybody got the better of Lord Ellen
borough. a witness dressed in fan
tastcal manner and who had given dis
creditable evidence was asked in cross
examination what he was. 81 employ
myself" he said. '.as surgeon" But
does any one else" inquired the chief
justice. '.employ you as surgeon ?'
New Ulm review., 1906-02-21
THE TAIL or A COMET.
It's Ever Changing Mass and Why It
EIeea From the SUN.

It's Ever Changing Mass and Why 1t
Flees From the Sum.
The tail of a comet is not formed of
the same particles which composed it
yesterday or even an hour or moment
ago. It is constantly being renewed at
the expense of the nucleus. As the long
stream of black smoke from the neigh
boring factory or mill is being conIinu-
ally renewed by fresh particles of car
bon released by the combustion going
On in the furnace below, so is the Won
derful luminous train of cOmetary bod
les being constantly replenished by
particles flying from OF rather driven
from the nucleus by the intense heat of
the sun
Then. again. how infinitely small and
how intensely luminous must these par
ticles that go TO make up the tail of
comet be. This thought is suggested by
the fact that it has been proved that in
| some cases the nucleus of comets which
| are only a few hundred miles in diane
ter will have enormous 1,nlike tails
stretching across space for distance
exceeding 20O,OO0.D0O miles and having
a bulk exceeding that of the sun by
| more than 10000 times. Professor 8.
| e. Barnard beautifully illustrates the
| formation of comets tail by 'ssuppos-
| ing thus: Suppose, for example, that
| the nucleus of comet is composed of
| Ice Then suppose the heat of the sun
to be SO intense as to rapidly melt that
portion of the ice globe exposed to the
| action of its rays, which are strong
| enough to Immediately convert it into
| yapor, which ascends toward the sun.
/ Imagine now a fierce wind blowing
| out from the sun, causing the vapor
which meets it to be whirled out into
| space behind the comet. This will
clearly illustrate the theory Of the for
nation of a comets tail. only that the
nucleus of the comet is not ice and the
vapor is not water vapor, neither is the
force which drives it away from the
sun a fierce wind"
The unknown force hinted at by tht
astronomer above quoted readily ex
plains why comets tail, as a rule
points in an opposite direction to tht
sun. The Russian astronomer Bredie
chen distinguishes three different type:
of cometary tails-those composed O.
particles having the specific gravity O
hydrogen. those having the specif,
gravity of hydrocarbon gas and a thirt
class having all the peculiarities of 81
equal mixture of hydrogen and irol
vapor.
New Ulm review., 1906-02-21
He STOPPED to Conquer.

English newspapers tell of a young
cabman in Birmingham who by his re-
emblance to her dead son attracted the
fancy of a wealthy old woman. She be-
queathed him a fortune on condition
that he became an educated gentleman.
The cabman studied the classics enough
to fit himself for Oxford or Cambridge,
but doubted whether he knew enough
Of the manners of young gentlemen to
conduct himself properly in their soci-
ETY. So, putting pride in his pocket, he
obtained place as scout" or servant,
at one of those seats OF learning and
pro1ted so much by what he saw and
observed in this humble position that
when he eventually proceeded to the
other university as student he was
able to pass creditably.
New Ulm review., 1906-02-21
DR.. Holmes, Revenge.

When The Last Leaf was publish
ed by Oliver Wendell Holmes a critic
attacked it sayagely and cruelty. Dr..
Holmes, though importuned by friends,
did nothing in revenge. He waited for
time TO avenge him, which time did
literally. The critic fell upon evil
days and ended his existence with sui
eide. The only moroccan Of personal
revenge which the good doctor allowed
himself was to cut out the paragraph
about his enemy's career and paste
it in his scrapbook on the same page
which contained the original criticism
and the announcements Of the success
sive editions Of the poem. This was 8
mild revenge, but even this was un
worthy of Dr.. Holmes.
New Ulm review., 1906-02-21
CONCRETE SILO.

the first Il feet, 10 inches thick the
next IA feet and Is inches thick the
upper Il feet This silo cost approx
imately 1900, and as it holds 334 tons
the cost per ton was $3.50. While the
first cost Of this silo was high, it may
prove economical in the end, as it
should stand for more than hundred
years. 1t is essential that concrete
stone Or brick silo have good founda-
don, otherwise it is likely to settle un-
evenly, and cracks will appear in the
wall, giving the air chance to enter.
1t the silo is put at least three feet
into the ground this assures firm
footing and also adds to the depth OF
the structure.
There are great possibilities in re-
enforced concrete, and circular struc-
ture is the best to be easily re-en-
| forced Silos have been built of con-
crete, but usually with solid walls and
much thicker than necessary. The
method of construction heretofore has
quiring large amount Of lumber to
construct the forms. With unskilled
labor the question of concrete silos Is
still a problem. Good grades of cement
are now manufactured and are becom-
| ing much cheaper. Machines have al
ready been made with which re-en-
| forced hollow walls are built with COM
parative ease, and when we learn how
to handle cement to the best possible
New Ulm review., 1906-02-21

slLo BUILDING.
Essentials of Good Cement siIo.
Rooness Stave Sil0.

Essentials of . Good Cement siIo.
Roodess stave Silo.
By WILBER J. FRASER. Illinois expert
ment station.
Silos built of concrete have been
thirty feet deep, with the wall not
more than six inches thick at the basa
and tapering TO four inches at the top.
Where gravel or crushed stone can
be obtained at q reasonable price it
may be advisable to make the walls
slightly thicker. and in cold climates
they should be built with dead air
space in the wall to prevent the silage
from freezing. In any event there
should be enough heavy wire or iron
rods imbedded in the wall to with
stand the strain of the silage. Unless
this is done cracks are likely to ap-
pear. The amount of wire necessary
in each case will depend upon the size
and depth of the silo. The wall should
be plastered on the inside with one
part Of portland cement to two of
good sharp sand troweled to smooth
surface This will resist the action OF
the acid IN the silage.
The first cut shows an all concrete
stlo 20 feet in diameter and II feet
deep. The wall is % inches thick for
New Ulm review., 1906-02-21
BEAUTY SPOTS.

Japanese women gid their teeth.
In Greenland women paint their faces
blue and yellow
The ladies of Arabia stain their fin
gers and toes red
In India the women of three high
castles paint their teeth black
Borneo women dye the hair in fantas-
dc colors- pink, green, blue and scarlet.
A Hindoo bride is anointed from head
to foot with grease and saffron.
In New Holland scars made carefully
with shells form elaborate patterns on
the ladies' faces.
In some South American tribes the
women draw the front teeth, esteeming
as an ornament the black gap thus
made.
In New Guinea the ladies wear nose
rings, piercing the nose in the same
fendish way that civilized women
pierce the ears.-Philadelphia Bulletin.
New Ulm review., 1906-02-21
THE CODE OF HONOR.
DueIiAs as It Was In France IN the
Time of RicheIiez

The passion for dueIing, which had
cost France, it was said, between
1900 and $3.50 lives during the twenty
years of Henry Tvs reign, was a. its
height when his son came to the
throne. The council of Trent In 1915
had solemnly condemned the practice
of single combat, impartiaIIy includ-
ing principals, seconds and spectators
In its penalty of accommodation. In
1902 an edict of Henry pronounced the
.'damnable custom of dueling intro
duced by the corruption of the cen
turys to be the cause of so many pite-
Gus accidents, to the extreme regret
and dispieasure Of the king and to the
irreparable damage of the state, that
we should count ourselves unworthy
20 hold the scepter if we delayed to
repress the enormity of this crime
A whole series Of edicts followed to
the same effect, but it was easier to
make edicts than TO enforce them.
Degradation, imprisonment. confsca-
ton of property loss of civil rights
and death were the penalties attached
to the infringement of the laws against
dueling, and still the practice pre-
vailed. In 1926 Richelieu published a
milder form Of prohibition. The first
ofense was no longer capital, a third
only of the offenders property was TO
be confscated. and the judges were
permitted to recognize extenuating cir
cumStanceS.
:. 4 few months later the Comte de
. SBouteville thought fit to test the min
ister's patience ii this direction The
Place Royale had long been a favorite
dueling ground, and De Bouteville
travelled from Brussels to fight his
twenty duel here, in the heart
Of Paris, in deliberate defiance of the
kings authority. The result was moi
encourag aging. Montmorency though he
was, the count Went with his second
to the scaffold, and the marked de
crease from that time in the number
of duels may be attributed either tt
the moderation used in framing the
law or to the ine1orable resolution
with which it was enforced.-Macmil
!. lan's Magazine
New Ulm review., 1906-02-21

According to Professor Stewart, the
following is the explanation why cows
sometimes hold up or keep back their
milk, says American CulIivator: The
production of milk is due to nervous
action by which the glandular substance
of the udder is broken down into milk
whenever the COW is Influenced by suf-z
fcient excitement of the right kind.
1t depends upon the structure and
function of the udder just as much as
the sections of other glands do which
we know are wholly subject to set of
nerves controlling this distinct func-
ton The udder is not mere vessel
for holding milk that is supposed to be
secreted continually and gathers in the
udder, as one may suppose constant
dripping of any fluid would fill any
other receptacle. On the contrary, it
is a gland made up Of cellular sub
stance which grows by separation
from the blood of the matter required.
When it has attained maturity or
| when the necessary nervous action oe-
| ours it breaks down into special
| prOduct-milk.
Several experiments have been made
with the udders of cows in milking con-
| dition that have been slaughtered, and
an examination has been recorded OF
| the udder of a COW accidentally killed
on the railroad when going home to be
MIXED when she would have given the
usual ten quarts. The microscope
showed the minute globules of the It's
! sue swollen and distended, but the I'D
| der contained practically no milk e1-
cept a very small quantity that drained
from the divided tissue when cut
across.
We perceive that this function of the
COW is wholly nervous in its action, as
indeed every other function Of the ami
NAL is, and if the due nervous excite
ment is absent there is no functional
action. 1t is wholly due to the right
influence on the nerves that the milk is
produced and flows from every ulti
mate globule of the udder down
through all the ducts, small and great
to the teat Then, if all goes well and
the COW is in her natural, easily eXcit
ed, nervous condition. as soon as the
mixer begins to touch the teats the
COW lets down the milk-that is, sht
does not exert herself to oppose thu
action of the nerves of the mammary
glands.
New Ulm review., 1906-02-21
RrHen Thefts.

Z During the South African war an i'm
mense stone monument was removed
at Cape Town during the night, and no
one knows to this day by whom or why
1t was taken Some years ago, in broad
daylight. clever and bold gang OF
thieves carried of a valuable fountain
fourteen feet high from Uxbridge with
out exciting the suspicious of any one
and quite recently an omnibus was
calmly removed. horses and all, while
standing unguarded outside public
house in London and has never been
seen or heard of since. 1t would seem,
indeed. that it is often far easier to
steal q big thing than a little one
London Telegraph.
New Ulm review., 1906-02-21
seemed to Have Him Cornered.

The teacher was discoursing to the
class on the wonders of nature. Take
the familiar illustration OF the sting Of
a wasp he said, las compared with
the finest needle When examined
through a microscope the sting is still
sharp, smooth and polished, while the
needle appears blunt and rough.
1T is so with everything. The works
of nature are infinitely superior to
those OF art. Try how we may, we
cannot improve on nature
1T isn't so with my eyes. teacher y
said little girl in the class.
"Why, how is that. Nellie?' he asked.
".Cause nature made me cross eyed,
she said, land the doctors fixed my
eyes all right
New Ulm review., 1906-02-21
Cast Iron.

Cast iron is extended the five thou
for every ton of direct strain per square
inch of its section. Its elasticity is fully
excited when extended the one-thou-
sandth part. and the limit of its elias
ucity is estimated to be found at the
time when it is extended the one thou
sand two hundredth part of its length
The tensile strength of the longest piece
Of cast iron ever tested was 1870
pounds to the square inch.
New Ulm review., 1906-02-21
New Dairy DEVELOPMENTS,


Two new dairy developments that
mean much for the success of both
farmer buttermakers and creamery
men are the discoveries that washing
butter with water that has been boiled
and then cooled and churning fresh
cream in which a starter has been
placed definitely improve the keeping
quality of butter. The first discovery,
by Professor Mckay of the Iowa Agri-
cultural college, has its basis in the
fact that unboiled spring or well wa
ter frequently contains germs that
have an unfortunate effect upon but
ter. The second discovery, by Pro.
fessor Dean of the Ohio Agricultural
college, comes of numerous compari.
sons Of butter made from cream rfpen.
ed in the usual manner and butter
made from fresh cream prepared with
starters. The ripening process, once a
starter is placed in the new cream, can
go on during the buttermaking. insur-
ing the butter by the time of packing
to be in perfect condition The adj
vantages of the Ohio discovery are the
saving of time formerly given over to
the ripening of cream and the saving
of the cream from the influence OF
bacteria floating in the air during the
| time of ripening. Ohio creamerymen
report that butter made by the new
method scores definitely higher than
that made by old time plans. It keeps
very much better.-Farm, Field and
| Fireside.
New Ulm review., 1906-02-21
New Method of Making Batter.


The department of agriculture notes
q new method of making butter in
Great Britain, where instead Of using
water for washing butter separator
skim milk is used which has been twice
pasteurized Salted and unsa1ted but,
ter prepared in this manner contained,
respectively, IL and 13 per cent Of wa
ter, the former containing only one
fifth as many bacteria. Further ex-
periments are being conducted at the
British dairy institute. and It Is CON
sidered that the results are sufficiently
interesting to warrant calling the at
tention of buttermakers who have an
impure water supply to this simple
method of overcoming that difficulty
arising from washing butter with wa,
Ter filed with bacteria.
New Ulm review., 1906-02-21
Placing Him.

Young man" began the dignihed
gentleman in black dress. have you
fully considered the future? Have you
made provisions for the hereafter? Is
1t not time
pardon me one moment, please, but
are you a minister or a life insurance
agent g,-afilwaukee Sentinel
New Ulm review., 1906-02-21
Breaking Her In.

Husband newly marrieD Don't you
think. love. if I were to smoke it would
spoil the curtains? Wife All, you are.
really the most unselfsh and thought
full husband to be found anywhere.
Certainly it would Husband Well,
then. take the curtains down.
New Ulm review., 1906-02-21
RUSSIAN PROVERBS.

ROguefy is the last OF traces.
Without cheating. no trading.
Every fox praises his own tail.
A debt is adorned by payment.
A good beginning is half the work.
Every little frog is great in his own
bog
Trust in God, but do not stumble
yourself.
Go after two wolves and you will not
catch even one.
If God doesn't forsake US, the pigs
will not take US.
The deeper you hide anything the
sooner you find it.
Be praised not for Your ancestors
but for your virtues.
Send pig TO dinner and he will put
his feet on the table.
New Ulm review., 1906-02-21
Safer.

PatienceIt's a very bad sign to tum-
BILE upstairs. Patrice-Eyen SO, I'd
rather do that than tumble downstairs.
5-Yonkers Statesman
New Ulm review., 1906-02-21

owned by C. A. Schroeder of West
Bend, Wis. At eleven years of age
she produced "a pounds 1511a ounces of
butter in seven days and 1O4 pounds
1873 ounces in thirty days
New Ulm review., 1906-02-21
Ripening the Cream,

In ripening cream for churning stSr
It frequently so that the ripening win
Be uniform.