The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1906-06-18

efgmms IN hEai, hnf n tha teaf shs
'sfswtsis v ~ ~ lNsfiNflon there v ~
miagasinf ne tfHf's drrfes Tbs Hase
iHtHts NAV saV fhH ftnfitfHeht6i Hfdh.
asnfes n anv I'M teflfs ths ettssY ~
\ NJ Zee eeHf Hints fHeutiaHei 10 diss1lvesl
w IHat efifi tEaae fHr Same HHasA shall
etntsiH ihe HfibsfltafluH ~ ~ hotfiNA
N fhe H@e e~ierfiuHs Nv ne sr~eaitna 91Ate
iHima s'pt ~fsiaNf,s ~ iafe sheH that
istms ihtn mess
Nv plain lsnauaes. shHf' shfih 70 rfot,s
lsHti Nv 10 H,tsslsh %aitarfa' ~ any Utfns
Shieh mHy ~ fruilsh eHeiah w tHfn
0%tufptefisnist
th~ ttsp agrees, In ihess fundamental
ordinances. thas the state Cr,tneil ~ upfef
ho'ts~ and state buns ~ lu~er hu,rse shall
fsuasraa squat rights IN matters ~ lealsiaa
ton Huaalah fefdVmefs safcasslcally 70
tort that thefs IL 4 fnudlcun ~ ground f1t
thia ~cinpafl@n ~ any rate, N only hecause
IN 'initiattve' In matters ~ paramount
stats legislation heithcf hotse p0aseaaea
any 'fishta' ~ note ~ all True, the
fundamental laws lay N down that N ia
within tho provinces ~ the upper m lower
house to suggest or, - " IL entnewhat
netrtloualy put, 'to raias alphabetically
tho question ~ tho abrnHatl0n or alteration
~ existing laws and ~ the Issuing ~ new
mos; bu, my powers ~ value suspected 10
he hidden away In tho folds N this Official
language ate ao carefully limited that they
may he described M s,erilsed. For example,
no ~'SuRgc-tionu" n ~abrogation or altera-
ton may be pronerci by either house or by
both when the suggestion ooncerne the main
,enance ~ the very fundamental laws
recently 40 cunningly designed with the
express purpose Of efiectually circumvent-
ing the representative Russian houses OF
assembly.
Once again the Gar afirms that 'all
initiative In the matter Of reconsideration
Of the fundamental laws belongs to the
Gar and TO the Gar alone There In.
indeed. no getting away from these ordi-
nances. True, the Czar allows that other
Legislative suggestions' or proposals.
within the competency Of the national lower
house, may be examined. voted upon and,
II approved by hat house, sent on TO the
upper house. Equally, Legislative meas
ures proposed, within it's competency, by
the State Council on it's own initiative may
be debated, voted upon and referred below
to the Duma for the ~latter's consideration,
e~mendation. acceptance or rejection. Any
such measure, however, initiated by either
Russian house Of assembly and rejected
by the other must, Ipso fdcfo, be dropped.
Nc legislative measure put forward, within
it's competency, either by the upper or lower
house. but refused imperial assent, may be
brought up again for examination In h
Legislatures during the same session. A
legislative measure sponsored and APP
proved by one house, however, but rejected
by the other, may be reintroduced in the
course of the same session, always provided
-the Car accord his assent" to such rein
PRODUCTION.
Any legislative measure put before the
Duma and approved alike by the Duma
and the State Council, as also any legisla-
tive measure int reduced in the State Council
and approved alike by the State Council
and the Duma, may be laid before the
Emperor by the President of the State
Council. For such presentation purposes
the President OF the lower h,u e is ignored.
In the discussion of the budget no item may
~expunged or compressed, ono this item
is material to a payment in redemption of
or on account of Russian State obligations.
1t matters nothing whether such payment
is payment of a State debt or is bound up
with other State engagement.
The Car lays it down that neither the
nor the lower house of assembly
may even discuss credits for disbursements
in connection with the Ministry Of the m
perial court, or of any institution affiliated
to the latter, unless credits exceeding the
designations provided in the State budget
for 1905 be called for. Neither is 1t within
the competency of either house to discuss
- a-nl.N, ron,latal AT, ~ I
listing ordinances concerning the imperial
Should the State budget itself
fail to be approved betimes the Car ordains
that the previous budget, in all its essential
shall remain in force during the
year. BY injunction authorized
by the Council of Ministers, Russia's various
Ministries, pending publication Of the new
budget, are to be allowed to open credits
the limits of their actual require
.ents. provided only that these credits
monthly do not exceed o~ne-twelfth Of the
entire budget expenditure total. The En-
peror declares that extraordinary financial
credits for the exigencies Of wal or for
special preparations preceding war may
be opened by any Government department
-on the Imperial Supreme dministrative
authority" All loans destined to cover
expenditure, estimated and extraordinary
alike, are to be authorized as hitherto, in
he manner prescribed for the due on
irmation of the ordinary State budget of
revenue and expenditure.
The Fundamental. laws further lay it down
all State loans contracted for the pur-
pose OF meeting special expenditure such
that rendered necessary by the exigen-
,ies of military preparations prior to hos
must be authorized by the Car in
MS capacity of supreme administrator
within the confines of his empire. Within
he Cars competency as supreme admin
too, lies the designation of the
and conditions for concluding such
oans.
The last paragraph Of note in these fun
iamental laws, which nc authority save the
Czar's may challenge. ordains that the
president Of the Council OF Ministers Of the
umpire, as also all Ministers and chiefs of
Government departments, shall be respon-
ible directly to the Gear forthe general con-
of the States affairs, each Minister or
chief answering to the Car
n person for his own actions and ~instruc-
ions.
These, then, are the main limitations
automatically imposed on those Russian
of Parliament, particularly on the
over house, which the Car himself only 4