The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1906-09-16
ARBlHRGTION'S SWAY AT RIO.
PAN-AMERICANS ADOPTED THE
WORLD WIDE IDEA.

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DeaSeate situations Existing Anaeng
the COunaries- Brazil 10 Send tho
Adopted resolutions to The Hague.
RIO Oh JANxuRo, Aug. THE irst actual
accomplishment Of the third Pan-American
conference came to-day when by acciama-
ton and with entire accord the conference
passed q rsso hutton adhering to the princi-
pies Of arbitration and recommending thAt
the South American Governments send
their do legAtss to the next Hague confer
enco instructed TO work for q general arbt-
tration convention that can be approved
and put In force by every country In the
world.
There were all kinds OF hidden possibili-
ties in thu question Of arbitration, but II
any Of the delegates had IL In mind TO cause
extended argument, discussion or debate he
put Il aside, for there was no discussion
whatever. Those who knew that the ar
bitration committee had reached a con-
cIusson and would present II to the con-
v~ention to-day thought there might b q
demonstration from the delegates. There
was Mons because Of the way the chair
handled tho situation.
Chairman Nabuco simply said that no
ono desiring to speak-sll aspirations In
this direction had been sffectua lily smoth-
cred in tho committee m~eeting-the
resolution would be considered passed.
Thsre were some few CALCULATIONS OF
enthusiasm and q ripple OF hand
| ciapping, but the dramatic possibilities
were neglected. and what may prove the
most important step taken by the confer
encs passed without ostentation.
The first hint OF trouble the conferences
has had came just after the passage Of the
resolution. Delegate Queeada Of Cuba
moved that the report DO transmitted by
/ the conference to The Hague. Walker
Marines Of Chile made the point that the
PAn-American Conference Ia not known
officially to The Hague and could not have
dealings with the permanent committee
representing tho peace conferences. These
remarks brought fire from Delegate Airo
Quesada OF Peru, the old time enemy OF
Chile. These two countries have been at
odds for years, and whom the clash came
to-day there was q general rush to the
rescue.
Senor Quesada wanted to know what
was the use Of passing the resolution II it
could not DO sent to The Hague, and he
intimated . belief that those In v Of q
more definite declaration on the subject
Of arbitration had been buncoed. The
incident passed quickly because Of the
Intervention of Mr.. Buchanan, chairman
OF the American delegation, VIII said that
he thought q oopy OF the resolution should
be sent 10 each Government represented
at the conference, allowing each country
to proceed In whatever manner 1t deemed
proper. This was not all that wae desired,
and the conference nnally passed q motion
that the arbitration committee should
consider and settle the question. 1t was
finally decided thai the Brasilian 0overn-
ment should be asked by the conference
10 send the resolution TO the permanent
oommittee Of The Hague at an opportune
time.
In South America there are almost as
many phases Of the question Of arbitration
a. there are countries. There Ia scarcely
a nation that has no disputes with n or
more Of the other countries on this CONT
nent, and every one has q different view as
to Just how far The conference should go
in the matter Of arbitration. The question
caused q great row in the last conference,
the point then being whether . treaty
for obligatory or compulsory arbitration
should be adopted. The trouble was finally
settled by some countries making q treaty
between themselves and by all signing a
protocol declaring adhesion to the Hague
convention.
Tho American delegation and those Of
various other countries desired nj discus
sion of the arbitration resolution, feeling
that IL would BE- far better to have the con-
ference adopt the measure peacefully.
In the committee meeting, where there
was q representative from every country,
all OF the delegates except that Of Ecuador
agreed not to discuss the resolution on the
fioor Of the conference. Senor Aifaro Of
Ecuador wanted to make o speech and
quarter OF an hour, during which Senor
AKaro decided Il would be best for him not
to present his vicws In open conference;
The text Of tho report OF the committee
and tho resolution itself follows:
The pacific solution Of international con-
nIcts has been fully discussed In previous
conferences. This being 90. the conference
Of Rio de Janeiro should conhne itself to
confirming the principle Of arbitration. which
all Of the American republics have constantly
upheld. This conclusion 10 further roen-
forced when the fact is taken into account
that the arduous problem will be newly the
object Of special study in the coming con-
ferencs Of The Hague. to which all OF the
American nations have been invited.
The subject 10 one that does not exclusively
contemplate the interests Of adetermined group
of sovereign States. aud IL Is therefore logical,
a well a. practical. that the deinitive debate
upon the subject should be left to an assembly
OF world wide character. with the object OF
reaching therein an agreement OF arbttra
Justice which. by reason Of the ample spirit
Of Cancellation inspiring IL. shall merit the
adhesion thereto Of all nations.
Such In the view that has Influenced the
members Of the committee on arbitration and
given form 10 the draft Of the resolution rec
commended to the conference for It's sanction.
whereas the American republics have
always upheld the principle OF arbitration as q
means Of maintaining International peace; and
whereas they have been invited to the
next Hague conference.
The third international conference Of the
American States. assembled In Rio de Janeiro
resolves:
ITO ratify adherence to the principle Of
arbitration: and to the end that so high
purpose may be rendered practicable. to rec
ommsnd TO the nations represented At THU
conference that instruction be given to theiI
delegates TO the second conference TO be held
at The Hague 10 endeavoF to secure by said
assembly Of world wide character the cele
bration Of Q general arbitration convention. %