davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Vinita daily chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1902-1913, 1906-09-13

Foleys Honey and Tar is peculiarly
adapted FOR chronic throat trouble
and viii positively cure bronchitis
hoarsoness and an bronchial diseases
Refuse Substitutes Sold by "A. ~.
Owens
The Vinita daily chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1902-1913, 1906-09-13
CITIZENSHIP CLAIMS

II you have citizenship claim pen
ding and are not yet enrolled, or have
business before the Interior Depart
ment, @iite Immediately to William
w. Wright, registered attorney, Cor
coran Building, Washington, D. c.
The Vinita daily chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1902-1913, 1906-09-13
Dallas EXCURSION

international Association OF Fire
Engineers at Dallas, Tex, October 8
II.
Rate--One lowest regular first class
fare plus $500 for round trip. Child
ren between ages Of five and twelve
may be sold tickets at one-half the
adult rate. Dates Of Sale Oct. 6 and
Z, 1906. Final limit Twenty one (2l)
days from date Of sale. II. A. Earth
ng, agent M. X. g.
The Vinita daily chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1902-1913, 1906-09-13
Fset swollen Z. .lmmsnse Sc

" / had kidney trouble so bad that
l could not work" says j. j.. Cox Of
Valley View, KY. "my feet were
swollen to an immense size and I was
confined 60 my bed and physicians
we're unable TO give me any relief. Ny
doctors finally precrihed Foley's
Kidney Cpre which made we'll man
Of me- Sold by A. +. Ovens.
The Vinita daily chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1902-1913, 1906-09-13
Winners Laxative Syrup for all
Stomach Trnnhles.

Dyspepsia, heartburn, sour stomach,
billiouSness, sick headache and ali
troubles originating from the stom-
ach and liver. To keep your liver ac-
tive means good health to you. lt
adds tone and vigor TO to the digest
i've organs and stimulates the liver
and kidneys to healthy action. Ifnot
satisfied after using one-half return
and get your money back We guar
antee every bottle to do as we have
stated above. Sold by Winner Drug
Co
The Vinita daily chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1902-1913, 1906-09-13
Mr.. Retired Fnrmnr.

Don't you want business that win keep yon
busy In youf town. and Is easy; besides making
good money start a billiard Room and sun il as
place q amusement f3i as ranti0v oai. Get
. good location and write us. We viii SON YOU
tables On easy terms, Our tables usually pay for
themselves IN six months
x. {. Billiard Table Mfg. co.
llel'ld2a Main ST Kansas City Mo-
The Vinita daily chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1902-1913, 1906-09-13
A FALSE RUMOR.

rumor was currenIyesterday to the efectEthat the
school board had decided to open ninth1grade So far
as The Chieftain could learn, however it wasEonly
ninth grade could not be established in any
until Mr. Ford from his Illness and the
school board doing nothing in the meantime, hoping
that by the time he is again abeato work the demand
for a ninth grade win have subsidized.
The Vinita daily chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1902-1913, 1906-09-13
Postal telegraph
Come and See Us When You
Want to Telegraph.
Prompt and Courteous Service
Public Messenger Service
IN Competition
Office. GATEWOOD GROCERY
calrup phons.2i


~ had kidney trouble for years,
writes Mrs. Raymond Conner Of
shelton. Wash. and the doctors
could not help me- tried Foley S
Kidney cure aud the very first dose
gave me relief and I am now cured. /
cannot say too much Tor FoleyS Kid
noy Cure. Sold by A. II. Owens.
The Vinita daily chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1902-1913, 1906-09-13

AS was to have been expected, the Democrats are
making big hullabaloo about the result Gin Maine.
There is not the slightest for worry for single
been voting for the corporatonsnstead Of the people
Such candidates deserve lose whatever their political
adherence
The Vinita daily chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1902-1913, 1906-09-13
PhoAe2 200

From August to October the Frisco
will sell one way second class colonists
tickets to almost any point in the
northwest at greatly reduced rates.
For rates, routing, etc, see Frisco
agent.
The Vinita daily chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1902-1913, 1906-09-13
Photos
FOWler'S
East Of r. 4. Crossing
HAIR ours.
The latest stylet In up-to-date HaiI
Cuts at Cobb Hotel Barber shop.

On account OF the international
convention Of the Brotherhood Of st.
Andrew at Memphis October Is to 2l
the Frisco will sell tickets to Mem
phis and return at rate SIP Final re-
turn limit October 81.
The Vinita daily chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1902-1913, 1906-09-13

National encampment Peoria. IN.
August 20 to August 25. Rate-Fare
ahd one-third for round trip ChilG-
rem between ages five and twelve yeaIs
one-half the adult rate. Dates Of
iS and 10. Final INIT.
Aug 81 II A Farthing agent, NJ.
*. q n.
The Vinita daily chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1902-1913, 1906-09-13

Economy is good thing, but The Chieftain doesn't
favor economy 1.-THE expense Of the public schools
Rocky Ford enterprise., 1906-06-15

Prof. Bolles has shown US q copy
of a series of drawing books devised
by Prof. B. F. Drake, who will be re-
membered by many Of our citizens as
teacher of penmanship and drawing
in the Rocky Ford schools a few
years ago. Prof. Drake is now pub
fishing system Of drawing books,
No. / of which is before us. Since
leaving Rocky Ford. Prof. Drake has
vile, Tenn, schools.
The last issue of the Fowler Trib-
une has the name of DR.. w. ]. Nc
Donald as editor and E. R. Hall as
publisher. Various improvements will
soon be made in the plant.
Rocky Ford enterprise., 1906-06-15

The unveiling Of the monument Of
G. w. Mcbride Sunday afternoon
was participated in by a large number
of Woodmen. the procession to Riv-
ervicw cemetery being an imposing
one. The new monument was similar
to others heretofore erected by the
Woodmen and is typical Of the name
and mission OF the order. After the
completion Of the unveiling ceremony
the graves of three other Woodmen
were visited and decorated with flow:
ers., The names Of the deceased
brothers thus rem smbered are w. g.
Lewis. Jesse Mallott and Mr.. Nc
Cray.
Rocky Ford enterprise., 1906-06-15

The baseball game bstwssn Mama
nola and Swink on July 4th b arousing
. great deal Of interest In baseball circles.
This game 10 the hrst event On Tie free
program for the aftsrnoon and evening Of
July 4th, at the Fair Grounds and is for .
purss Of SIS. The game b 70 b called
promptly st O'Clock p. m.
Rocky Ford enterprise., 1906-06-15

The last issue of The Earth, the
Santa Fe's illustrated paper, has g
fine large half-tone of display. OF
Rocky Ford cantaloupes. The lus-
cious appearance of the picture Il.
enough to sharpen the appetites Of
fasteners, if any spur for an appe-
tite for the genuine Rocky Fords was
ever needed.
Rocky Ford enterprise., 1906-06-15

The sale OF pianos is always an
evidence of the prosperity Of COM
munity BY this rule the Rocky
Ford country Is doing splendidly, as
evidenced by T. J. Hills sale this
week Of three pianos, as follows: To
Frank Nesbit $500 Mehlin, Tryber
to ]. B. Craig, and Hardman to II.
o, Brown.
Rocky Ford enterprise., 1906-06-15

The members Of he Christian sessnes
Soeisty of Rocky Ford INST at ksasby ball
June Q and oeganissd the First Church
Of Christ Scientists. oe Rocky Ford. and
have placed % dls with he county clerk
corporation pspsrs. The following od3esrs
wsss elected: osofgs. r. Daring. Pres:
G. e. Bolton. Treas; Mrs. osorgs r. Daf-
ing. Clark; Samuel A. Taylor. First Read
o.; Mrs. Samuel A. Taylos. Second Read
Rocky Ford enterprise., 1906-06-15
0HUROH NEWS
$500 oAeeoiA,

-- 0aoeise ohsesA.
3. 6. Green. Pasies.
Neming thsas: ~Ths Holy Spssit
~ Great TsssAes." Asehsm. .isev
Lsvsly = zioa. Evsniag Anthem
sJssus Lovss q ny Ssol'.
NETHoDItT EPlDcoPAL
ii 0saah Z Bo,lsshesA. DassesJ
An sssvisss ia he epssa houss. Sun.
~ sehool s4 $50 .. N. 8pwosth La
90 q : p a. Evsnlng sesvies q . pm.
Aesning thsms: -Ths 0iesieus chuFsh.-
8olo. .PilgFims d the Night" Mn. 4.
q. Slgmaa.
Evsaiag: -oAeses. and How 70 Treat
Tbsm." Ths thsms postponed from lass
8unday evsning.
so'o. -Noehing b Pay. Mn. Jehnsoa.
Anthem, "Iks A. . Fathes".
Ths pubic Will hnd . cordial wolooms
q an thsss sssviesa
Rssisy esrd n. Z. cissslA.
G. ". oimmoaa. Pastoe.
PasDooase glI n. 1ltA u
Services svesy Sunday - follows:
Nswdais 8. 8. 10 .. N. Prsashing
Swink. 8. 8. 2:So p N. Pfeaehing
$50 p. n.
L.Fsyssas. 8. 8. a:So p IA. Prsash-
1nl, 7:yo.
I Epwo9th Lsasus. LaFaystas. sun-
day. e:A6. Prayer meeting. wsdnssday.
7.yo.
ChgSoe3aa.
~. Miilasd nsasoa. Haseosl
Mosning suhjses: "RssRTsstioa q he
Dead" Evsning: ''Ths ptviaity q Christ
First ClssreA - Clfase, 8e1estists.
Samuel 4 Tayios. Firse Reader.
Keasby Hail. 3o< North Nam. Sunday
sesvioe at II .. N.
Suhjset: ~chrissiaa Se3soee."
Testimonial services svsgy Wedneeday
u D p N.
Firse Prssbysseisa cissesh.
a. l. Davsapost, paseos1
hosning subject ~Ths lntSinsie valus
of Divine Things". Evening thsms. "Ths
Law q Spiritual oravita&iea".
Rocky Ford enterprise., 1906-06-15

Some farmer wanting the services
of a stout young man. who Is willing
to work will find it to his interest to
call at the Enterprise office.
Rocky Ford enterprise., 1906-06-15

A few days since . tramp called on
Mss. Bolton for . dinner. protesting
. willingness to work for the same.
The meal was handed out and after
Il was disposed Of the girl went TO
the wood house in the rear 81 the
yard for the AZ. The small boy. Ken.
meth. went along. both running and
the tramp following. The neighbor
just across the fence saw the hastily
moving procession and concluded that
the tramp was chasing the girl He
got out his gun and Joined in the
game. The frightened tramp appeal
ed to Mrs. Bolton for help and the
situation was at once explained. But
the scare was too much for the tour
ist. having such an effect on his
nerves that he was unable to fully
finish the job he had undertaken. He
explained to Mrs. Bolton that he was
no professional. but had been Knocked
out Of his last job by drinking and
was now honestly hunting work.
Moral: Let whiskey alone. Moral
No. q: Try to keep whiskey out OF
the way Of men who are anxious to
quit habit which they know Is ruin
ing them.
Rocky Ford enterprise., 1906-06-15

The Presbyterian congregation has
bssn making the Manss beautiful insids
BY psper;ng the entire house.
Rocky Ford enterprise., 1906-06-15
The Barlow cannisg Co. this week

The Barlow canniss Co. this week
begin work on soosebessiss u shs
Manzanola factory. Cherries viii b
the next fruit In season. The ehesSy
crop asound Rocky Posd Will peoAA.
bly, be shipped TO Nsnsasola foe esa.
ming. Then win eo@e plums. sftss
which the campaign viii opsa %
the main crop Of The seasoe.toOa.
toes. OF this standard crop NJ. -.
tow reports satisfaetosy acreage.
The Rocky Ford factory Win hss3is
not only the tomatoes grown 70 tais
vicinity bot the Osdwsy crop. The
canning Of tomatoes will be followed
by that Of pumpkin and apples. Last
year the Barlow factories ran until
Christmas and the outlook is good
for as long . campaign this year.
Rocky Ford enterprise., 1906-06-15

A base ball game Of great local interest
Il scheduled to b pulled o6 perhaps nsxt
wssk. The opposing mines will b the
are trying to remember which men have
the best records and are picking timber
70 make winning.
Rocky Ford enterprise., 1906-06-15

childrsn's Day at the Presbyterian
church last Sunday was most success
full sAair, The Offering for Sunday School
missions amounting 70 $500
Rocky Ford enterprise., 1906-06-15

The Brothsshood Of American Ysomen
held most interesting meeting Saturday
evening, entertaining Grand Foreman
Koch and initiating IL new members.
A fins banquet was most enjoyable
feature Of the evening. The attendance
was larHs and al bad . magnificent
time.
Douglas Island news., 1906-01-03
The Douglas Island News.
THE LOCAL FIELD.
NEW YEARS MORNING

When the editor of the News went to his desk on New Years morning, he found a beautiful gold-mou nted briar pipe and a box of tobacco, accompanied by the following verses, that being the only clue to the giver of the beautiful gift:
 NEW YEARS GREETINGS Hello! Old Boy! How do you feel? hope you're on on even keel, Prepared to stand the New Years blast Forgetting the storms through which you've
 past.
 Trying to please promiscuous set Is not on easy task you bet; You must be careful how you feed them
 news,
 If you hurt their feelings your head they'll
 bruiSe.
 You're lucllier than most of your kind, We'll fed editors are hard to find; Their work is hard. Their pay is small, They're fed on stew of the public's gall. May this little souvenir bring you cheer, And soothe your aches the coming year, Bracing your nerves to stand the strain Of the religious weekly on the brain.
Douglas Island news., 1906-01-03

Everybody is supplied with a calen- dar for 1906, or they should be, when the number distributed by business houses of the city is taken into con- sideration.
 Movements of the best makes of American watch factories-cased in either nickel, silver or gold cases, fully guaranteed, can always be found in stock at Kemmis' Jewelry Shop on Front Street.
 John Feusi wishes to call the atten- tion of Douglas folks to his elegant line of furniture, comprising as it does almost everything needed for the home. Or if you need stoves or hardware you can find just what you want here.
 Swedish Evangelical Lutheran Ser vices every Sunday at 8 p. m. at the Lutheran New Church at the corner of Sd and E streets. Sunday School at 12:45 D. m. All Scandinavians are cor dially invited. J. A. LEVIN, Pastor.
 The Dispatch last night stated that the present term of the federal court at Juneau will continue until the first day of April, in order to finish up all the business now on the calandar. This will make four months term.
 Household Furniture for sale-Hand- some, quarter-sawed oak dining set, first-class finish and substantially made; bookcase, beds, stove and other articles. Call at the Mark Cohen resi- dence, on Corner Sixth street, Juneau.
 RECE1vED-New Rocking Chairs, Iron Beds, Springs, Mattresses, and Babies folding cribs and chairs which we will sell cheaper than the cheapest, to mako room for the next load. Call at Wort man & Jensen's corner of D an Front streets.
 The Str. Georgia brought in the body of a young man named Paul Kern from Tenakee. The body was found in the woods near that place with ghast- ly hole in the neck. The young man had gone hunting and shot himself with his shot gun, it is supposed ac- cidently.
 Last Wednesday evening Gastineaux Lodge, No. 124, F. & A. M. installed officers for the ensuing term. The ceremony was semi-public, the families of the members being in attendance. A musical program, moving pictures and lunch filled out the evening to the satisfaction of all present.
 The members and friends of the Ladies League in connection with the Congregational church will meet in the parlors of the parsonage on Thursday afternoon at o'clock for the purpose of mapping out their program for the new year. It is hoped that all the ladies will endeavor to be present at this meeting.
Douglas Island news., 1906-01-03
TREADWELL TOPICS.

pr. Moore will resume his lectures on "First Aid to the Injured" on Sat urday Evening January 6, 1906.
 Mrs. c. E. Bennett leaves on the Cot tage City for Seattle, where she will look after some business interests. Helen Stoody is much improved this week.
 Pay Day was held on Tuesday the second of this month instead of on New Years Day.
 The Cottage City was not able to un- load her freight at Treadwell Tuesday morning on account of the rough weather, but will do SO on her return from the Skagway .Sitka trip.
 VIM. Miller, shift boss at the Tread we'll mine, will be a passenger on the Cottage City, en route to Colorado,
 The barge Potter left Saturday with a load of concentrates, in tow of the tug Holyoke.
 Mrs. T. A. Tubbs suffered a severe attack of neuralgia on New Years Day. At last account the lady was much i'm proved.
 Several Treadwell Masons and their wives, together with number of bach elor members, attended the installation of officers of the Juneau Lodge Friday night and report an unusually pleasant time. Among the number were: MT. and Mrs. R. J. Willis, MT. and Mrs. T. A. Tubbs, Mir. and Mrs. J. N. Stoody, Mir. and Mrs. Jas. Christoe, Messrs. Jas. Daniels, Daniel Webster, w. Fl. McBlaine, John Christoe, D. J. Kinzie, J. H. Duckworth. Mir. and Mrs. A. E. Andrew of Douglas attended.
 The 300 mill is still running, and un- less there is change in the weather, bids fair to continue operations for some time yet.
 A party of Douglas business men took advantage of the beautiful wealth CT of New Years Day, and spent the afternoon calling on their numerous friends. Their list included number of Treadwell residents, on whom they descended in a very pleasant and in- formal manner.
 The Juneau Native Band was out on New Years Day, serenading the sister cities of Douglas and Treadwell.
 MT. and Mrs. Robert Allen Kinzie en- tertained at dinner on New Years Eve, MT. and Mrs. H. P. Stow, Rev. Francis Parker, Lieut.. Hoggatt, H. H. Sterling and D. J. Kinzie.
 Mrs. Robert Willis, assisted by Mes danes McKanna, Penglase and Chis- holm, entertained for the Rev. Francis Parker the choir of the Catholic church at dinner last Saturday evening. Those present were Mesdames Ross, Egan and Richards, Misses Powell and Coggins, Messrs. Gillette and Elliott.
Douglas Island news., 1906-01-03
A REAL FORGE

Will be the subject of discussion by Rev. D. Holford, B. D., in the Congre- gational church on Sunday evening January ', 1906 at o'clock.
 This sermon will deal with the life forces of men and women and the best uses that may be made of them in the new year.
 The Choir will sing an appropriate Anthem. Their will be an hearty song service led by the Choir in which all may take part.
Douglas Island news., 1906-01-03
TERRIBLE SOUNDS

The Indian band was out on New Years and gave few tunes. Later they journeyed to Douglas, where they set the Island wild with their musical ability.-Juneau Dispatch.
Douglas Island news., 1906-01-03

Ed. Snyder, merchant and post master at Tenakee, was in Douglas last week, and made us pleasant call. Ed. says that the crowds keep coming to the Hot Springs, are cured, and go away again, but there is still room for more. The health-giving properties of these waters are surely wonderful.
Douglas Island news., 1906-01-03

1906.
 Happy New Year.
 Wonderful weather.
 Public School, again next Monday.
 Wm. Shafer is back from Tenakee Springs.
 Mrs. R. R. Brown has been i'll the past week
 Miss Bessie Johnson, of the Douglas postoffice, is ill.
 And now the festive bill collector is abroad in the land.
 If you want swell suit of clothes go to the Treadwell Store.
 The Sisters school resumed opera tions again this morning.
 Andrew Kettleson is sick at the Simpson hospital, Juneau.
 Trousers from 8 up in all sizes and styles at the Treadwel Store.
 BoRx-To Mir. and Mrs. Fred Kron- quist, on Sunday, December 3lst,a boy, Largest stock of Mems, Youths and Boys Clothing at the Treadwell Store. Dr. I. II. Moore and family are now costly settled in their new home on D street.
 Tommy Donaghey has enlisted for service on board the revenue cutter Rush.
 Matt Wester returned on the Cottage. He has been on visit to his old home in Finland
 Miss Jessie Matthias, of Juneau, visit ed for few days at the home of Mayor and Mrs. Stubbins.
 Tom Price will inspect your stove pipes, free of cost. Leave orders at Wortman & Jensen's.
 Just received a frst-class stock of woolens. Joe Miller, The Tailor, Ju- neau. Opera House Block.
 Our new heating stoves and ranges we can sell for less than any one else, because we have paid cash. Wortman & Jensen.
 A full line of jewelry at cut prices, suitable for Holiday presents, can be found at Kemmis' Jewelry Store on Front Street.
 FoR SALE-Good residence lot in Douglas, 5Ox2OO it. Warranty deed. Inquire at News office. Lot on Fourth St. between D. and E. If.
 Chairs, Iron Beds, Mattresses and Springs, good ones, at Feusi's, at prices that will please you. These are new goods. Come and see them.
 Miss Julia E. Kennedy, formerly teacher in the Douglas school, has taken position as teacher in the government school at Yakutat.
 Mrs. Frank Dodson and children ar rived on the Cottage City. They are living in the Feusi cottage on Fifth street, and Frank is happy again.
 Mike Gilligan and Bob Coughlin who are in service on the Rush, visited relatives and friends in Douglas during the stay of that boat in the channel.
 Miss Enid Richards celebrated her eleventh birthday last Saturday, by entertaining number of her little girl friends from to 5 in the afternoon.
 Ivan Vuceticd, President of the Ser vian Benevolent Association, arrived from Chicago, on the Cottage City. He is here as witness in the case now pending in the district court.
 Many men would be willing, if need be, to give up their lives for their city or state, but the man who is willing to live for his city and state every day is the man that is needed just now.
 FoR SALE-A complete logging out fit. scow, donkey engine, chains Sc For price and complete description see John Feusi. Douglas, or write Sharp Bros. Killisnoo, Alaska. 12-I3-1 mo.
Douglas Island news., 1906-01-03

The Charity Ball, given by the Ladies of St. Luke's Guild, on New Years night, for the benefit of the Bishop Rowe Hospital at Fairbanks, brought out swell crowd, dressed in their best. The ladies had spared no pains to make the affair a success and will net quite neat sum.
Douglas Island news., 1906-01-03
NOTICE

All parties knowing themselves to be indebted to me will please call and set tie as soon after January 1st, 1906, as possible, unless other definite arrange ments have been made with me.
 DR. W.L. HARRISON.
Douglas Island news., 1906-01-03
CHANGE OF HOUR

On next Sunday, services at St.. Luke's Episcopal Church, will be at 1O:30 o'clock in the morning, instead of in the evening, as heretofore.
Douglas Island news., 1906-01-03

Everybody is supplied with a calen' dar for 1906, or they should be, when the number distributed by business houses of the city is taken into con sideration.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1906-07-29

hours IL has no business to be. cannot
repress my memories of summer. Nor Will
I. I go through my adventures again and
agaiu-and ever again. To transform all
this to poem Is at present impossible
..Ah dear frauiein, he says further on,
s.fcrgiye me--you write so charmingiy In
your last-no no. God forbid that 1t should
be your iast--in your latest letter you write
so charmingly-'But | am not fraulein TO
YOU Well then, dear child-for that you
are In any case TO me-teli me, do you
remember one day when we talked about
.follies' and .madnessT Or rather I talked
a lot about them. And then you. dear
child. took up the part of teacher, and re-
marked In your quiet meiodious way. with
a far-off look. that there was, nevertheless,
always a difference between folly and mad
ness"
surely II Ibsen had not been In love he
would not have regarded that as a profound
observation And the fact that, uttered
by the charming Emile, 1t made such a
deep impression on him. 10 proof that he
was In love with her. II Mrs. Ibseu had
CHANGED to lei fall such remark 1t 10
probable that he would have paid very
little attention to II, and the recollsctions
OF II would never have haunted him to sucn
an extent that IL sinterfered with his work.
Now sure enough he continues Il had
a notion OF that difference before But yet
this episode-lflse all the rest--has dweit In
nay memory Tor cannot help pondering
Il over again and again: was It folly or
r,sf dueSs that iso met each otherg Or was
Il roth folly and madness? Or was 1t neith-
or the one nor the other7
II believe that the superstition - the only
one that will Inset the cnse
1T was simply physical necessity. And