The Birmingham age-herald., 1906-04-05
PROMINENT MEN
 ARE AT TUSKEGEE Eliot, Tat and Ogden Among Yesterdays Speakers WELCOMED BYWASHlNGTON  President Eliot, In Scholarly Address, Discusses "What Uplifts Race
 and What Holds It
 Down."
WELCOMED BYWASHINGTON
Ccontinued from First Paos)

workers. and results from generation to generation in an accumulation of goods, such as shelters tools, cultivated fields and roads, and in the development and transmission of quick eyes and ears and delft fingers, and of Knowledge. skill and power of application. A rowing people, which lives chilly by fishing. hunting or pasturng domestic animals cannot rise much above barbarlsm; for their labor is spasmodic, while their product is uncer- tain, and they have no fixed home or settled family life. Thus uplifting work must be steady, day after day, and year after year. 1t must create home life. implant new wants and desires, and inn prove the means of gratifying those de- sires. It must provide better defences against adverse forces of nature, greater independence of the fluctuations of wealth. CT and crops, and a better capacity for stable, cooperative life in permanent settlements Labor that Is fitful will not conduce to these good ends, and therefore will not be civilizing. If at an iron furn- ace there must be three hundred and seventy-five names kept on the pay roll in order to secure one hundred and twenty-five men to perform the daily work, that labor is not of the sort which best lifts a race. If the children of a family are put to work in the factory at twelve or fourteen years of age while the father of the family is idle or oc- casionally goes shooting or fishing, the man Will not uplft his family. although his children may, He will remain at the nomad, hunting stage. In respect to this clvilizng power of daily labor the Amer lean states in which slavery or peonage existed for generations, whether in North or South America, are at terrible dis advantage inasmuch as there-among both the colored people and the white labor was long associated with the sla- vlsh condition; they all lost the sense that productive labor is the very tap-root of civilization.
 Goes Through All Grades.
 Every race that has risen from bar bdrism to civilization has done so by de- veoping all grades of productive labor beginning with agricultural labor and ris- ing through the fundamental mechanic arts and mining, and quarrylng to man.. ufacturing, elaborate transportation, trade, commerce, the fine arts, and pro- fessional labor, Respect for labor of all sorts, for the simplest as well as the most complex forms. will be manifested by every rising race. This respect is founded not only on the conviction that productive labor yields comfort secur- ity, and progressive satisfaction but also on the firm belief that regular labor develops the higher intellectual and moral qualities of the human being
 The second fundamental means of lift ing race is family life distinctive achievement of the Christianized races is monogamy and the sound family life which results from monogamy The Christian marriage gives opportunity for the full play of all the beneficent powers of hereditary transmission, and for the systematic utilization on vast scale of the long infancy of man. It keeps to- gether the man and wife and their child ren through the long term needed for the full development of all the children. It sets the man and the woman in the true relation of loving cooperation in equal ity. Therefore, respect for family life, fidelity fin the marriage relation and appreciation of the saeredness of child hsod are clear signs that a race is rising The things that hold down race in this important respect are equally clear. They are prot1igacy, prostitution, marriage for mere lust, nasty or thoughtless marriage without serious intention or permanency; easy divorce, and ready deserton un- restrained by any sense of responsibility and facilitated by rowing habit In white or colored, in the temperate zones or in the tropics, under slavery or in freedom--the civilization of that race will be held down-that is, corrupted, hindered or arrested