davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Der Deutsche correspondent. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1841-1918, 1906-02-16

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Der Deutsche correspondent. [volume] (Baltimore, Md.) 1841-1918, 1906-02-16

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fir Mngcb6rigc 1T INNER cine lcbcns-
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lcriid pollenbete Gppie eines alten
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bilbcr MIR 81 pro 9nteno.
Snlins 6ebbel, oelitifer Nboto9rapb,
321 Worb-W Gar. strahc.
The Washington times., 1906-12-02

,I7a revision Of the entire bouy of juris-
r.r,ldsrra The strange character Of the
laws may be inferred from the tact
that a person meeting with an accident
ian tho street cannot be touched until
t2e nearest Judge, or his properly au-
thorized representative. has visited the
sDnf. viewed the victim and noted the
slrrgundfues The idea is that II any
crime has been committed, IN this way
every possible clue To its perpetrator
will be discovered.
In practice. however, men who have
been run over by street cars have been
know. To bleed 10 death in the streets
of Havana. while the public passed by
unable 80 help, and the ambulance. sum
moneI for The purpose. had 10 Keep az
a safe distance. Men have been known
To be hurt in some relatively trivial way
and To Gie rom long exposure IN the
sun while the absent judge was oeiHE
searched f0I. L seems strange thaI the
proh b. ton 10 touch the victim should
apply 10 the ambulance service, Dut l
am assured that il does. Anyone who
has the temerity to offer FIRST ald n
cases Of injury runs the risk of arrest
and prosecution The same fate is met
ed out TO the pedestrian who is run
out OF the street. where vehicles are
passing. and if he gets in the way OF
traffic not only does he deserve any
an fortune that Overtake him. but mer-
its chastisement at the hands of the au-
thorities in order TO discourage others
from venturing where they have no
business. The law is hard upon the
families of persons who drop dead in
rf~
spectacle. or how obvious the circum-
stances that TO crime has been commit
ted. the body must be taken 20 the
morgue and subjected to an autopsy
before the sorrowing relatives can take
charge Of 1t
The mor.i status Of the people can
usually be Inferred from the respect. or
the lack Of Il which they show TO the
dead. Cuba is full OF contrasts when IL
comes 10 this phase Of manners The
Colon cemetery is partly flied with
costly monuments. but nothing could he
more doleful than the way in which the
bodies of the poor are shOveled away
Graves are sold for Sc per annum. and
when the rent IS not forthcoming the
bones are evicted. The bodies are borne
TO the grave in wagon capable OF con
tanning several at once. two COrpses at
time are put on a sort of bier covered
with a sheet. and are committed to the
earth I'm patches OF three, without re
gard 10 sex. The cemetery yields
revenue of S36. 200 year. t. funerals
Of rich people are often occasions for
much parade The hearses OF Havana
are among the sights OF the city. They
are q avn by many horses, the number
varying according TO tae resources OF
the deceased. sometimes as many as
four pair being considered proper. The
The Washington times., 1906-12-02
1 Hard Row to Piow.

I-aIer the law there are thirty days
leave allowed each Government en-
uloye a wear. Mckinley had Two
veeFs coming 10 him, buJ he Vas So;
allowed 20 take these two weeks with
Iay-
What Mckinley viii d. wheE ha gets
well. II he does get well he does not
know lie sum retains some meruan-
IczI skill and ne VIII Try to earn q liv-
iuz with that But he is siXty-six
ye RS oId and il IS not easy for A man
OF t1at age 10 start out again More
over ne has a sick wife in a hospital
and she must be provided for Nc
Kinley has q little money left. but if
he STAYS in the hospital much longer
that viii all be gone, and the condi-
t.or- of the man who brought Lincoln
To Washington and who, afterward,
served four years for his c0uaJgy at
Ihe risk Of his life must face the
world without even the help OF small
pension.
The Washington times., 1906-12-02

Tv reasons an occasional man may be
found faithful i'm the performance of his
rel.g gious duties. There are signs of i'm
provement in many places The condi-
ton. however is full IF significance for
anyone who desires to understand the
deep-seated springs from which the con-
duct of the Cuban people arises.
one cause Of Tie Indifference of the
Cuban men to religion IS found in the
fact that many of . he Catholic priests
are Spanish. and w. supporters Of the
Spanish regime IN cuba during the war
Of independence. Any person who has
affiliated Ia any way with the Spanish
regime is unpopular in cuba 20 this day.
The people do not forget OF forgive.
Public officials Of known integrity and
competence are condemned on that
ground alone.
one encourag g.ng feature of the sltua-
tiou is the craving among the common
people for better things. Ever since the
withdrawal OF the American troops. five
years ago. this large but mute class in
the population has sighed for their re-
turn. They want the United States to
remain, i'm control confident that under
the paternaI hand of Uncle Sam they
will get a better chance in moral. physi-
TO the moment when Mr.. Taft took con-
troll, Cuba has had the body Of a repub-
lie animated by ths spirit of a mon
archy.
The prevalence Of the minor vices
among the Cubans cannot well be ex-
aggerated. In the rural districts the
farmer can hardly keep pigs OF chickens.
This kind of property is considered
legitimate prey by all the hungry wan
derers that happen 10 pass. In the
cities nobody trusts anybody else
Brothers going into partnership with
brothers bind one another by stringent
contracts and heavy penalties. Promises
amount 10 nothing, except in business,
where the Spanish merchant may be
relied upon 20 comply with MS engage
ments, verbal or written. in the course
of time Procrastinauon is failing
which ala classes share alike A positive
agreement 10 do a certain thing on a
certain date gives no clue as to the
day when 1t will actually De performed
Among house servants pilfering is ac-
cepted as a part of the domestic ar
engagements. The mistress 3t the house
hold makes allowance therefor in her
budget. The stealing Is generally only
of small articles. as everything of real
value is always kept under lock and
key
The prevalence of dishonesty is en-
couraged by the curious character Of
the laws and the farcical administration
OF justice. Secretary Taft seems already
to have been impressed by the necessity
for reforming the abuses which have
arisen in this department Uf the admin
istration He has sent for Major Crow
der, an expert in Cuban law. and il is
understood that he will be trusted with
The Washington times., 1906-12-02
Lost His All.

At the close OF the war Mckinley
went back Ia his home in Chambers
burg. and soon regained his position
with the Pennsylvania. For ten years
lie ran engines eli over the Stat--
but. feeling the effects OF his war eX-
perIences. lac decided To settle down
at home
He bought out an interest in a
hotel and soon made "A success OF it,
His quiet manner and his ability 10
attend 20 the wants OF his guests
made his house a popular one. and
be prospered and made money
ono day. however. a friend Of his
needed money. and Mckinley Endorsed
his note. When the note came due
Mckinley had TO make Il good. and
practically everything he had was
los,. Before this his wife had become
A permanent invalid and had 10 go 10
a hospital for life. She Is there now
When William Mckinley became
President Of the United States. his
cousin. who bore almost the same
name. applied TO him for a position
lie was given employment as skilled
lsborer IN the PostofhCe Department
soon after Ee came 10 Washington he
tried to get a pension. As he was not
an enlisted man in the army during
the war. be was not entitled 10
pension under the regular pension
act
William II. Mckinley IS now sixty
six years old. Seven years ago he re-
csiyed employment as skilled lab
orer in the Postofice Department. 4
few weeks ago he received letter
The Washington times., 1906-12-02

= y the last analysis the recent JrUu-
bles I'm cuba have been moral
ones. II is the character OF lnf
people which has been tested an"
found wanting. says John :. Kendall
writing in the Commercial Appeal
Memphis. from Havana, Cuba Politi-
cal conditions are the outward mani
festation Of the inward spiritual con
dition Of a race When they prove
unsound the cause must be sought Tar
deeper than In the fortuitous concourse
Of events. the ambition Of one or two
men, or the mistaken policy Of mo-
ment No one who has lived much in
Cuba can fail 10 be deeply impressed
with the domestic degradation which
prevails throughout the island. The
ignorance Of the women is responsible
for the lack Of any attempt To train the
children in right ideas Of conduct. Lit
tie people up 10 the age Of three or
four years are permitted here in Ha-
vana, I'm fairly respectable families, 10
run naked. In the rural districts the
same bissfuI freedom from clothing is
permitted TO older children. ] have
been told that IL is no uncommon sight
to find girls and boys OF fourteen
fiourishing in a state of nudity In
, many Of the most elegant homes Of
Havana. however the children receive
lessons Of indecency with their moth
er's milk The pride conceit. and love
Of dress which prevail are not condi-
tiOns calculated To produce noble CON
duct. SO complete is the Indifference
TO the ordintry refinement of manners
that a wealthy gentleman here in Ha-
yana entertained a brilliant company
at his home on the evening when his
little son was born. The freedom with
which parents discuss the most inti-
mate matters before their children.
even when these are practically grown
men and women, too, is shocking. Cuba
contains thousands OF good men and
pure women, and dubtIess there are
homes here which are models of Chris
tian excellence. but the instances
have cited are sufficiently numerous TO
be representative. and the sad infer
ence Of moral degeneracy which may
be drawn seems fully justified By the
facts
The last census revealed 10000 couples
in the island living together without rhe
fOrmality Of marriage The Cuban term
for this kind of relation is ''amanci-
bado." The Spanish word is derived
from mancibo.' young man. and
means that the woman In the case has
a sweetheart The appalling total here
mentioned does not include other forms
of Illicit relationship rampant through
out the island. The unions in ''amanci-
bado" seem 10 have been contracted
largely as a result of the great expense
Connected with marriage prior TO the
American occupation OF the Island. The
lowest fee charged for the ceremony
was then two or three "centenes, or
The Washington times., 1906-12-02
Rivers Have "Made" Many Cities

excellent harbOr. and there was the
Hudson reaching back into a rich coun-
try: and there also was Long Island
Sound. just as good. for trade purposes
as another river. And finally, along
came De Witt Clinton and others who
made the Erie canal, and so made the
Hudson twice as much OF a road by
opening from {, their big ditch" into
the Great Lakes Historians tell us that
this new waterway. the canal. enabled
New York TO OUTRAGE Philadelphia and
become the metropolis Philadelphia had
the Delaware, and all the trade IT could
give. but il had no waterway through
the mountains to the country in the
West.
II is OF interest now 10 see how Chi
cago got her start. Some OF the histo-
ries make much ado over the natural
harboT" which the explorers found. But
every one knows that that natural har-
Dor was tle mouth of the merest shred
Of a little muddy stream. reaching in
land TO nowhere in particular. 1t was
all very well for a canoe harboT into
which the red man might paddle on the
way TO the portage. But so far as COM
merce Is concerned, in the modern sense,
II Chicago had had nothing but her
'harbor' 10 start her In business she
would not be much OF a town today
Ch.CaEOs fortune was based upon
several factors, all working together,
and the quiet little mud creek she grew
up on was perhaps the least OF them. So
We find that sometimes the harbor
makes the town. as in the case OF san
Francisco. And in other Instances the
town makes the harbor as In Chicago
St. Nichoiss.
The Washington times., 1906-12-02

f-om $40 tn SI5. It i-. moreoye". the Gus
tom for the groom to provide the bride s
trouss,au and to pay for the entertain
meut which is absolutely essential To
maintain the social status Of the con
tracing parties Confronted by these
heavy expenditures. tie 'guajiro.' or
peasant. To- whom a "centeu' represents
value hardly less than a thousand such
i'm the United States. frankly accepted
th,, impossibiIity Of il all. and chose his
mate much as the birds do. Since the
establishment of the republic these
unions have grown less frequent The
civil contract of marriage Is .nrNpen-
sIve. and there is less hs station about
iucurring the other expenses connected
with legal wedding.
Many OF these impromptu unions have
turned ont very happily The parties
often regard them as fully as binding as
a legal ceremony. But the net result is
To weaken the respect for the marriage
tie This result also follows from the
character of the marriage laws, which
do not tolerate divorce. The hJgrancy
with which the seventh commandment
Is violated by married men is a matter
of constant establishment TO one eduCdt-
ed i'm Anglo Saxon pTejudices. The men
openly boast of their conduct, and JuStl-
fy it by many ingenious excuses. TX
ceptions there are, of course. as TO
every general statement l shall make
in this article: but they serve only 70
prove the proverbial rule. So lax is the
moral standard that women are often
found i'm the lower classes with TWO or
three children, who confess without a
blush that they have no husband. Their
plea is poverty. Until the time of the
American occupation there were prac-
tict-ly no occupations open 10 women
above the servant class. Even now the
social prejudice against women engag-
ing in business is very strong. Many
unfortunate occurrences must be at
tributed to this fact; for even in this
land of perpetual summer pov arty is
hard to bear. and food must be T P'ocured
somehow
Among the men Of Cuba, religion is
merely name. AS rule, they do not
attend church There are hundreds of
noble fanes scattered over the island
which are practically deserted. We at
tended "A service in the Cathedral a
week ago, at which two priests were Of
iciating with only us two Americans
for auditors In Bahai Honda. a town
of 800 inhabitants, which is memorable
because %, coo OF its inhabitants died
during the war with Spain, the average
attendance at church is from eight to
twelve persons drawn from two fami-
lies During last Holy Week the number
of persons present at one of the hand
soonest churches in Santiago de Cuba
was twenty. In Havana the proportion
of the faithful is larger. but the ratio
IN the total u0DJlatiOn is very slightly
if at all. larger. For political and fam
The Washington times., 1906-12-02
SunmarlIy Dismissed

Mckinley wrote a letter 20 the ef-
fees that h@ could do certain work
that was needed in the supply Office.
where ne WIS assigned TO duty. and
that lie had been doing that work s7t-
isractorIv for some time Those UNI
der whom ne worked corroborated his
statements.
Yet Re vas S1umarilv dismissed.
Two weeks Ieave was due him. but
he Wa not allowed O. take IL with
pa. 8IcKlnley went back 10 his room
on PennsvlvauIa avenue. and shortly
afterward. was taken lll He was re-
rloovcd 10 Providence Hospital wher'
he IS now living. and the chances Tor
his recovery are small
4 biu for his relief was Introduce
several times by Pennsylvania Sena
tors and Congresmen. but IL was never
passed. and the commission for the
investigation Of departmental meth
ods better known 10 fame as the Keep
Commission. after tackIing everything
else but simplihed spelling decided
that the AK should faI on the necBs OF
all clerks who had grown too old 10
work. or who had not political backing
enough 20 cover up their iuhrmities
The case OF William Harrison Nc
Klnley was one that came under this
rule. u be had been clerical en-
ploye. held a clerical position, he
might have received a months notice,
or possibly six months notice But he
was rated as a skilled Iaborer only
Hence. when he could noJ show 10 the
satisfaction Of the Folrth Assistant
Postmaster General that he was COM
pe,ent 20 handle any rough work as
signed 10 him. he was dropped. Three
days grace was all he received.
The Washington times., 1906-12-02

~ He very best kind OF a road that
commerce has ever found to
travel on is a deep and quiet
river Especially a river that
leads from the sea. where the ships OF
all countries are sailing, far into a
land that is rich in the things those
countries want IF We now look over
the Eorld map we shall see that
wherever such a river reaches the sea
q big seaport has grown up We have
Cairo on the Nile, and New Orleans
on the Mississippi, and New York on
the Hudson; Buenos Ayres. the metro
polls Of the Southern Hemisphere. on
tho Ia Plata; Para, young. lusty and
hopeful. at the mouth OF the Amazon;
Hamburg on the Elbe. and so on. in
an indefinite list This matter OF
good water road inland is so important
that often man has patched up some
sort Of A harbor where none existed SO
as 20 avail himself OF one Of these
great waterways New Orleans, for in
stance. from most points OF view, is
built In the most unlikely place. The
streets are lower than the surface or
the river and only a great dyke Of
earth keeps the big stream from sweep
ing the city OF the continent OF North
America. The city OF New Orleans
stands like a tollgate at the beginning
OF this long water road up the center
Of o,tr country. And in South America,
Buenos Ayres has a precisely similar
station, as a glance at the map will
show. New York got its start by the
pS.ne condition. Here was the bay, an
The Washington times., 1906-12-02

drivers are deliberately costumei. red
beng a favorite color. Even 90 Ihe
case OF little children much pGmp IS
considered proper 20 the funeral, which
women never attend. in many parts
OF tie island there are indications Of
movement for the secularizatiou OF the
cemeteries.
-.- anlusemeuIs OF the Cubans fur
ul.a arolher index to The national char
a.t,~ which should NOT be overlooked
in any study Of this sort Gambling IS
the chief pastime. The spanish ball
Same. pelota. is one uf the demoralizinE
iui.t., ,lces of the ci,y uf Havana Enor-
TloaS sums are wusered upon the issue
ol the contests. which otherwise are in
te~cs.iug examples ID. the trained skill
or mon rarely gifted physically The
nirTcaants cf the City complain that the
g.me is a cause of many defalcalions
ain.nE tue clerks who become addicted
e. H. Many suiciies are attributed 10
The same source The pelOca season -
just row bt ginning. The players are
brought from Spain al great expense
The profit. however, is enormous. as,
except for the pleasures OF yne sense. 1t
Is the principal entertainment affected
by tho young men OF the city
Nothing is more calculated 90 shock
IN, eyes q "A fasIdious person than the
kind of literature which is offered freely
for sale AT the Havana book stores.
The rashiest sort oi French novels. in
Pauer covers decorated with disgusting
pictures. occupies the most conspicuous
place at practically every stall Il IS
the rarest thing TO see any book. ven
of this description. in "A Cuban home
Libraries uTe practically unknown in
irlvJte houses. People are often found
reading the newspapers. bat this seems
10 be the highest range of the average
tas.e in literature. among the women
Intellect is hardly recognized even yet.
and hardy any attempt is made 70
cater To this part Of her nature She
reldS scarcely anything. The French
novels of which I lave spoken ara
bought chiefly BY young men. Thus
tIrir vaccinations ur' corrupted. .tnd
The. seeds ere laid for that Indulgence In
V.ce which seems 10 ne sappiug the
VITALITY of the Cuban race. II is com
para.tivcIy rare 10 see a young Cuban
with the robust physique and vigOr
proper 10 his daWntng manhood. Nearly
all oi them are prematurely old and
No institution in Havana dispeasas
NOR. celestial beneficeure or is more
serre WtUly signIheant OF The prevailing
inrTll disorder IN Havana than the
great fOu1dIing ASYLUM pIpulsrIy
a1ioWn by The beautiful name Of Ia
BenCdc.encia.' In a ar corner or this
enormous building The visitor is shown
2 little Whitewashes room containing
t..o beds. Ia which, every night.
Niactntiau Sister sleeps. In the wall
.here is a little door" as IL is called
d sort OF dumbwaiter with an opening
into the street - one side and into
:le room on thu other Here a dis
JrECted mother may deposit her chilli
without being seen by human eve. TUrr
chine of bells which Is affixed TO g..
The Washington times., 1906-12-02
WILLIAM HARRISON MCKINLEY

maHv long runs through the STATE Of
Pennsylvania
Then came President LLncoln's trip
10 Washington. I, was known that
Mckinley had been the engineer who
drove the train on the most dangerous
part OF the Journey. lie became kuowr
as the Presidents engineer.
Wnen the war broke out and the
United States Government called on
the Pennsylvania railroad 10 carry
troops and supplies. Mckinley was fire.
quentiy sent ont Army officers came
20 know him and began 20 notice that
ne not only had p.en,y OF nerve. bur
that he could get trains through in 2
hurry where other engineers failed
one day az Washington AN officer as
signed 10 auartermaster duty asked
Mckinley If ne would not Ike to 90
into tile employ Of the Government
and run supply trains through the
South. into the war zone lie eau
Ion,d Mckinley that such a position
would entail personal Danger McKin-
icy said he did not mind that. and he
was duly engaged.
The Washington times., 1906-12-02

or not. but he took the chance. The
men who fired the first shot were at
the mead Of a line several hundred
yards long. and as Mckinley shot his
engine ahead. his hand on the trottIe
and his eye on the track in front Of
him. he ran through a veritable hail
or flying lead one bullet went through
his hat and another grazed the arm
that controlled the throttle Three Of
the gusrds were killed before they
could duck below the window ledge
Of the car i.s .yaich they sat McKln-
ley escaped unin'ured,
In Tennessee he was caught in a
wreck on the side OF mountain. The
engine rolled of the track and Nc
Kinley was pinned TO the ground by
an iron rod Three broken ribs was
The result AMI he lay ia a hospital for
several weeks in consequence Near
Richmond. Va, he was caught in
another wreck and suffered severe
flesh wounds. which laid him up for
some time. Accidents were frequent
and exposure was a common occur
renee. From this hard life Mckinney
suffered severely and IN the end 1t told
on his physical stamina. After the
war he continued his work with the
Pennsylvania roadroad, but after a
few years he gave IT up for a more
quiet life.