The Ely miner. [volume] (Ely, Minn.) 1895-1986, 1906-12-28

When pigtails and school were her
fashion, Penelope was always awak-
ened from incidence by the possession
OF new textbook, its respondent
cover, its crisp, clean pages the in
centives to an ambition that the dis
carded old volume could never have
called forth.
In Just such manner the Great
Teacher stimulates the grown-up
Penelope to new thought, new pur-
pose, new endeavor, by again and
again placing bran new year in her
eager hands.
The new-year idea is almost as old
and universal as the instinct of i'm
mortality, but the first of January has
not always been the starting point
| for the procession of months, and
even now by no means the whole
world follws the Gregorian calendar
The ancient Egyptians, Phoenicians
and Persians began their year on Sep
TENDER %, the Greeks of Solon's time
on December 81, and the Greeks of the
Pericles period on June 81.
From Julius Caesar on, the Roman
civil year commenced January 1, but
the Jewish ecclesiastical year had al
ways begun at the vernal equinox,
March rs, and this spring opening
| day-of bud and blossom and uni
versal opefulness-became the hon.
ored one with Christian nations gen.
| orally throughout the medieval
| period
In the latter end of the eleventh
century, England, which had strange
| ~ enough been starting its annual
records on December 25, began quite
accidentally to pay homage to the old
Roman divinity Janus, for by chance
| William the Conqueror's coronation
| took place on the first of January, and
the birthday Of the Norman rule be-
came the birthday of the year as WELL
Remembering the loyal old Saxon spir-
| it-conquered but not tamed-we are
| not surprised to learn, however, that
soon the inhabitants of England fell
| into the more general habit of indulg-
ing in new-year festivities upon the
18th of March.
The Gregorian calendar, formulated
| in 1882, restored January 1 as New
| Years day. The Catholic countries
enthusiastically accepted it, but the
Protestant ones adopted 1t slowly, and
It was not until 1852 that conservative
England fell into line.
| The ancient Romans honored the
whole of January by offering sacri-
| fees on IL affairs to the god with two
| faces, whose namesake the month
| was.
| Janus am I; oldest Of potentates;
Forward look, and backward. and be-
low
I count, as god Of avenues and gates.
| The years that through my portals
come and CO."
While the whole month was kept,
the first day was the gala occasion.
Litigation was suspended, reconcilia-
lions effected, impressive professions
made to the capitol, offerings laid on
the affairs, the emperor surprised by
magnificent gifts, visits exchanged
| everywhere, feasts spread in hospit-
able houses, streets ringing with
ldu6AICl oho k1iaoAS VA 1hdo4uCId IcIS.
The giving of New Years gifts was
not confined to old Rome. The Per.
SLAMS always exchanged New Years
eggs, and it was the pretty custom Of
| the Druids to give sacred sprig of
mistletoe to the faithful on their New
Years morning, while the bestowing
of presents upon the monarch became
| an absolute obligation.
Queen Elizabeth, the peoples favor
tie, was simply showered with New
Years ontributions-"gold for her
purse, chains, necklaces, bracelets,
| rings, embroidered gowns and man.
ties, petticoats, smocks, stockings and
| garters; and for the royal larder fat
oxen, sheep, geese, turkeys, swans,
capons, fruit, preserves, marchpanes
and sweetmeats."
But soon this custom was regarded
as q tax rather than privilege, and
during the rule of the austere Crom-
well it died natural death-never
bobbing up again to make popular
bow, as sometimes happens to a dead
stage hero recalled to life by the audi
ence's applause.
Closely associated with the new
year season Is the wassail bowl, its
name derived from the old Saxon
| phrase: Wass Hael-"To your
health"
| Until Queen Elizabeth's reign, one
wassail love-cup was handed about
the charmed circle gathered round the
great bowl, but afterward the health
was more hygienically, Il less pic,
turesquely, drunk in individual cups.
The poor carried an immense wood
en- bowl, decorated with gay ribbons
around the neighborhood. begging
small coin to pay for the precious In
gradients that made up the festive
connection.