The Montgomery advertiser., 1906-01-22

letin were carried on in several local | ities in the State. No account of scales was made, since this method was con sidered inadequate as a check upon re- suits. In laboratory experiments with l infested apples, however. the scales wer. counted. As a rule the trees were sprayed once and then such portions as had been missed were later covered with the spray. number of nozzles were used. the Seneca and Vermorel proving most satisfactory. An orchard | of peach and plum trees on Long ls- | land was sprayed March 25-29, the amount of mixture used averaging about one and one-third gallons per tree. The weather following the ap- plication was rather wet. The buds oi the peach trees were delayed about week in opening, but at the time of the final examination these trees were in better condition than the control trees. A slight injury appeared in the fruit buds of the plum trees, But this was not permanent. The scales were near | Iy all destroyed. The wet weather had little effect on the spray, the mixture remaining on the tree until May.
 | Another orchard of plum and peach trees in Columbia County was treated March 31. April 1, with the same gen. l 1 for thirty days after the application, but the killing effects of the wash were 1 apparently not diminished. An orchard of pear trees in Columbia County was sprayed April 1-2, the weather condi- tions being the same as those just men, tioned. The results were likewise sat | isfactory. the scales being nearly all destroyed and the wash remaining on the tree for about two months. Simi- I ok htoAv treatment of another pear orchard in Columbia County with but one appli- cation and no respraying.
 An apple orchard in Ontario County was sprayed April 23-26, when many of the buds had already opened. Rainy weather followed for a period of thirty days. The foliage appeared to be con- siderably injured, but the trees recov- cred from the burning. The average yield of apples in this orchard had been eighty bushels, while after treat ment the yield was PTS bushels. The same satisfactory results were obtain ed from the treatment of apple trees in the station orchard. An orchard of pear and peach trees in Niagara Coun- ty was treated April 7-16. Frequent heavy showers occurred during April and May. The leaf buds were some what burned, but no permanent injury was caused. The spray remained on the trees two months and the results were highly satisfactory. In these ex- periments 710 trees were treated, with uniformly good results in the destruc- ton of the scales without serious in- jury to the trees and with evidence that rainy weather does not diminish the effectiveness of the wash.
 In the laboratory experiments the principal object was to determine
 A N-sa N t1 wash Is due to the soluble ingredients or precipitates in the wash. The mix ture was sprayed on a glass plate and after being allowed to dry was sub jected to a water spray from an atom izer. The solution thus obtained was applied to infested apples. A large per cent. of the insects were killed by this solution. Solutions obtained within seventy-two hours after the application Of the wash to the plate were more efficient than those obtained later. An experiment to determine the length of time during which the wash retains it's insecticidal properties showed that the solution obtained from the first appli- cation to the dried wash killed all the scales, while that obtained six days later killed only 10 to IS per cent.
 In testing the effect of an excessive amount of precipitates upon the scale the authors found that the precipitates exercised a pronounced mechanical ef- feet, while soluble ingredients killed the scales immediately. The authors found by experiments that the solution due to a falling of rain upon the wash upon the trees destroyed scales which had not been touched by the first appli- cation. The effect of the precipitates in the wash without the soluble ingre- dients was most marked on the young scales, while the adults were but little affected. In these experiments fifty ap- ples were used, the number of scales varying from one adult and eleven young to sixty-three adults and 1,25O young on each apple.
 Tn the test of lime sulphur com pounds as a summer treatment peach and pear trees were sprayed June IA The leaves were nearly all killed, but new leaves formed and a good crop was produced. The scales were all de- stroyed.
 Of all these mixtures the lime-sul- phur-salt and bordeaux mixture gave the best results, and this is of practical importance. on account of it's combin- ling both insecticidal and fungicidal properties This mixture was obtained by making lime -sulphur-salt wash ir the usual way, to which one pound oi copper sulphate was added to eleven gallons of the mixture. The authors conclude as a result of their expert ments that no special apparatus is re- quired for the application of the lime sulphur-salt wash, that the wash does not readily spread and hence should be applied carefully, that the applica- tion should be made a short time be- fore the buds begin to swell and that
 this wash is a highly effective and safe treatment for trees infested with San