davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The La Jara chronicle., 1906-07-20
ss.MgJJAzzla 80. -
E5sas a IS TO BREED RESISTANT PLANTS. El<TI 5sa
sSSAAg G7YSI3S
SaSifSS Be Grown by the Farmer
VA W W
TO BREED RESISTANT PLANTS.
GUY ELLIOTT MITCHELL.

very useful purpose In turning the
thought of scientific and practical men
as well, in the direction of the de-
velopment of disease-resistant varieties
with results which promise to prove
of great practical utility.
POTATOES.
During recent years the disease re
sistance of potatoes especially has re-
ceiyed attention by several of the
agricultural experiment stations in the
United States, notably those of Maine,
Minnesota, and Vermont. A recent
bulletin of the Bureau of Plant In.
dustry of the Department of Agricul
ture, prepared by l.. r. Jones, of the
Vermont Station, summarizes and dis
cusses this work, and that along sim
liar lines abroad, as well as the ex
perience of practical growers. Sum
marizing the results, Professor Jones
draws the following tentative con
clusions:
Disease resistance in potatoes is
relative. not absolute, no variety
known being wholly proof against late
blight and rot. II seems related to
general vegetative vigor, and is. there
fore, in a measure dependent upon
cultural and deyelopmental conditions
and tends to decrease with the age Of
the variety. 1t can be restored by
originating new varieties from seed,
especially of hybrid origin. Not all
seedlings show superior disease re-
sistance.
Early varieties may escape the dis.
ease by maturing before it becomes
epidemic. but when similarly exposed
they are, as class, less resistant than
late varieties.
The source of seed tubers is a mat
ter of Importance, northern-grown
seed giving plants the superior disease
resistance in Europe. Seed from a
crop that was not too highly fertilized
is probably preferable. Possibly tub
ers are better for seed purposes If dug
before they reach full maturity. High
fertilization, especially with nitro
genous manures, lowers the power of
the plant to resist both blight and
rot.
| So far as skin characteristics are an
index, the red varieties with thick
and rough skin seem more resistant
as a class than the thin.skinned white
| characters are concerned. the evil
denre favors the stem that IS hard
rough. and rather woody at the base
and the leaf that is small, somewhat
rough, and dark colored.
In America trials as to disease re
sistance have been conducted at some
of the experiment stations, notably II
The La Jara chronicle., 1906-07-20

ish, while In average weather both do
the best they can to gather the crop
ahead of the farmer. Many plant dis
eases and insects can be controlled by
the various polsons. sprays, and cul'
tuTal methods already discovered, but
for some-as. for example, the rust of
wheat, peach yellows. cloyer-seed fly,
Unsatisfactory remedies have not
yet been discovered.
Some instances may be cited to show
just what is meant by resistant or i'm,
mune varieties and their value. Grapes
furnish a striking example. Euro
pean grapes planted in this country
fail wherever the American graperoot
louise is present because the louise Is
able to attack and destroy the roots
of these varieties. The roots of ma
tive American grapes are also attacked
by the same louise, but are so hard and
wiry that the louse can not destroy
them. In other words they are re
sistant.
The unusual resistance of the keif-
fer pear To blight has made it pos
sible to grow this pear in the South
ern States. where most other varie
ties fail because of blight. The va,
riety of cowpea known as Little Iron
has proved so resistant to wilt disease
that in some fields it has survived
when all other varieties have been
killed. American gooseberries are but
little subject to the mildew which Sc
riously affects the larger English va
rieties when grown here, With nearly
every crop grown, some of its vari'
cites are more resistant or immune TO
some disease or insect attack than
others.
Some varieties of the same plant
are but little affected by a disease
while others are badly injured. Va
rIations in this respect also extend
n Individual plants of given variety
These facts have been utilized to
some extent In the origination of the
various so-called "disease-proof' va
rietles which have been introduced
into culture-as. for example, the
"rust-proof" varieties of wheat, oats
etc. As a rule. however, these varie
ties have not been developed by any
systematic. scientific methods of Sc
lection and breeding. and although q
few show merit, most of them have
not measured up to the claims made
g. .ho-, rba~ have however served
The La Jara chronicle., 1906-07-20

The farmers too greatest foes are
insects and plant diseases. He can,
by proper rotation of crops and
fertilization, convert poor into rich
soil, and he can stimulate plant growth
by plenty of fertilization. BY the
same process he can keep down the
weeds which rob his crops OF nourish-
ment and moisture. He can, to great
extent, oyercoE-, with but little
trouble, all the various smaller him
drances to crop growing-all but the
bugs and the blight. These twain are
hard to handle. None is SO arrogant
as to profess Indifferent to their at
tacks. Not many years ago they were
expected, not the less dreaded, espe-
cially the blights and the rots and the
mildews; they were the natural vista
tions of providence. There was no
use trying to combat them. If they
came, they came. The farmer prayed
that they might not come that year.
Now, science has shown us that they
can, in most cases, be overcome. II
not overcome, they can be prevented.
Yet the process is often fraught with
great trouble and expense TO the
farmer.
Now suppose a man could develop
a strain of plants so hardy that
blights and rust would pass them by
in disgust and so bitter and unsavory
for a bug that the hymeHopterd. the
coleopterd and the other "toughs' Of
the insect trust would pass by and
prefer to eat oak and hickory leaves?
1t would be 4 cinch for that man.
would it not? He could sit in the
shade and hire myrmidons to do his
work, directing those close at hand
in person and those at distance by
telephone. Such a condition may be
possible The man who gets in first
would be the one to sit in the shade
and reap the advantage. Eventually
we would all get on to the scheme,
and. unless the population of the world
increased with accelerated rapidity.
there would be an over-production Of
food products and prices would eventu-
ally get back to their present level.
so that we would all have to work
again.
The Department Of Agriculture and
some of the experiment stations have
been working along this line of Sc
lCcting resistant plants with the idea
Of at least giving the enterprising
American farmer a good big start.
In the aggregate enormous crop
losses-milllons and milllous-are
caused by the attacks of insects and
plant diseases. In dry weather in
sects are particularly abundant, and
in wet weather plant diseases flour
The La Jara chronicle., 1906-07-20

Vermont, where experiments in breed
ing and selection for increased re-
sistance are under way. These results
have been correlated with information
recently secured by a circular of in
quiry addressed to a large number of
potato specialists in the Northeastern
States and in Canada. From these 1t
appears that wide variation Is shown
in disease resistance among the varie-
ties now in cultivation in America,
but that no one variety is preeminent.
Among those which have been wide
ly tested, the following deserve men
tion as of the resistant class: Dakoto
Red Rustproof, Irish, Cobbler, Sir
Walter Raleigh, Doe Pride, and White
Beauty.
In tests made at the Vermont sta
ton in 1905 the following varieties
The La Jara chronicle., 1906-07-20

her desire for becomingness and style.
Summer gowns are real summer
gowns this year, and Mistress Fashion
seems to be more in Harmony with
comfort than for some years past.
Waists may be deliberately inset with
lace or embroidered, but they are
simply made and with lacey collars or
low. round or Dutch square necks.
Everyone is wearing elbow sleeves ex-
cept those with scrawny arms, and for
them there are sheer undersleeves
which conceal any number of ugly
lines. Guimps. too, are popular fea-
ture this year, and may be purchased
reasonably in all manner of pretty
STYLES or be made at home? Some Of
the daintiest effects are realized in the
combination of Valencinnes and swiss
or lawn.
The delicately colored clips are ap-
pearing again, and under the sheer
white dresses are quite enchanting. A
white embroidered Swiss over pink
The La Jara chronicle., 1906-07-20
STYLES Fur WARN WEATHER.
Fashions for Heated Term are In
Harmony with Comfort.
BY BERTHA BROWNING.

The summer fashions have become
quite as settled as they are apt to dur
ing the season, and those wardrobes
which are just preparing have the ad-
vantage of being exactly what is de-
sired rather than an uncertain fore
cast. The woman who enjoys the cool
breezes of her own veranda rather than
the uncertain comforts of some other
NAV utilize many a summer morning
in fashioning pretty blouses of thin
material and dainty little coats of lace
or lingerie fabrics. 1t is the detail
which makes up the fashionable ward
robes. and any woman who is clever
with her fingers may make these
small garments or accessories without
a great deal of expense, and satisfy
The La Jara chronicle., 1906-07-20

grown from the seed of one scotsman.
Many of the hills from this strain of
Rockyford seed remained green
throughout the season and produced
a good crop of melons. Further obser-
vations in the muskmelon fields of
that neighborhood also showed that
wherever this strain of Rockyford seed
had been used many hills were unaf-
fected with rust, while with other
strains of seed of the same variety
the vines We're all dead.
The Investigator selected quantity
of seed from the rust.resistant hills
and planted them in comparison with
ordinary seed. "Ou the rust-resisting
hills the melons were hidden under a
healthy growth of vines. and were
large, solidly netted, with thick, firm
flesh small seed cavity completely
filled with seed, On the rusted hills
the plants were almost devoid of leaves
and the small melons were premature
ly ripe, with thin, watery flesh, open,
large seed cavity, and practically of
no market value"
In tracing back the history of this
strain of seed it was found that some
years before a scotsman had saved the
first lot from single healthy melon
d
had therefore been developed by the
simple process of saving seed from
the best melons produced by plants
which withstood attacks of rust when
surrounding plants were destroyed by
this disease What was thus accom-
Dlished by one farmer with one crop
ean probably be accomplished by other
| farmers with the same or with other
crops, if they will be alert, while the
crops are growing, to select and mark
| individual plants which show eXcep-
tional merit along the lines of pro-
| life yield, early maturity, resistance TO
| disease, or other desirable quality. and
save seed separately from the plant
showing such qualities. Marked va
riations which may be protitably util-
lied in this way are constantly occur
ring and are plainly evident on all
! farms.
| The point to be emphasized is that
improvements in farm crop varieties
nearly always trace back to individual
plants. No one is in better position
to notice these exceptional plants than
the farmer. He is in his fields, gar
den, or orchard, every day, where these
exceptional plants are produced. If
one plant in a rust-infected wheat
| field stands up green and free from
| the disease, that is a plant to save
seed from as the basis of a rust-re
sistant strain. If one hill of pota-
toes in a blighted field remains unaf-
fected by disease, seed from that hill
| may produce blight-resistant variety.
If squash phnt is found that is dis
tasteful to the squash bug. seed from
! that hill may produce squash vines
which the bugs will not molest.
The important fact is that some
plants are much more resistant to dis
ease and insect attacks than others.
1t is a question of seeing the resistant
The La Jara chronicle., 1906-07-20
smooth. iabby leaves and decumbent

smooth, flabby leaves and decumbent
stems.
The evidence at hand seems to
Justify the hope that the combined ef-
forts of potato specialists working
from both the practical and the scien-
tific standpoints may soon result in
the development of varieties OF pota-
toes combining general excellence with
a high degree of disease resistance.
CASTALoUPEs.
A recent bulletin of the Colorado
Station reports the discovery by a
local grower of a rust-resisting canta-
loupe which promises TO be of i'm
mense value to the Rockyford canta-
Ioupe industry. In this case seed of
the ROCKFORD variety was purchased
from five different seedsmen. They
we're planted and cultivated under sim
liar conditions. When rust attacked
the field just before the melons began
10 ripen. it developed rapidly and soon
destroyed all the vines except those
The La Jara chronicle., 1906-07-20

slip has a deep yoke of Dutchess lace
inlet with Valencinnes. The skirt is
frothy with frills and tucks of the self
material and inset and cross-strapped
with Valencinnes. The belt is of palest
pink chiffon ribbon. Small capes are
again looked upon with favor, espe-
cially the little mantles which go with
three-piece suits or those of lace or
lingerie fabric which grace thin sum-
mer frocks. The return of these is
probably due to the return of the small
bolero which has appeared in all man
ner of shapes and styles, the sleeves
of which often resemble cape-like af-
fairs.
The long gloves which are worn with
short sleeves are held up in a novel
way by wristlets of elastic covered
with shirred ribbon and finished at the
top with a buckle or tiny rosette of
ribbon. These are worn just below
the elbow or above wherever the glove
is supposed to end. They hold the
glove in place admirably and are
pretty addition to the toilette. The ia
vorite color for these bracelets is black,
but any color of glove is matched in
these tiny accessories.
The La Jara chronicle., 1906-07-20

showed marked resistance to blight on
both sandy loan and clay loan soils:
Keeper. American Wonder, Dakoto
Red, Doe Pride. and Late Blightless.
Varieties having an upright habit
of growth, moderately branched. with
firm. hairy. medium-sized leaves are
much more likely to prove resistant to
late blight than are those with large.
The La Jara chronicle., 1906-07-20

Dew forms more readily on some
colors than on others. 1t forms more
readily on yellow objects, next on
those that are green. 1t forms slowly
on anything red, and most slowly on
black
The La Jara chronicle., 1906-07-20

The amount of property DESTROYED
by fire in the United States in the lasr
forty years is incalculable. More than
one million buildings have been
burned In the last ten years.
The La Jara chronicle., 1906-07-20

The gold money Of the world Is a.
81 for each inhabitant and the gold
money In the United States Is S16.33
for each fnhabitant.
The La Jara chronicle., 1906-07-20

The greatest iron producing state In
the South is Alabama. Virginia comes
second, Tennessee third, Maryland
fourth and West Virginia fifth.
The La Jara chronicle., 1906-07-20

Ink and fruit stains may be removed
from white linens and cottons by
soaking them for few hours in kero-
sene. then washing in hot water.
The La Jara chronicle., 1906-07-20

plant and propagating from it. The
farmer has as great opportunity for
doing this as the scotsman.
The La Jara chronicle., 1906-07-20

The population Of the British empire
Is 4OO,oOO.oOO and the area 11,9OS,37s
square miles.
The La Jara chronicle., 1906-07-20
Germany makes more than 110o
varieties OF sausages.

The grape harvest of California is
about 10000 tons valued at $l5,0OO.-
600.
The La Jara chronicle., 1906-07-20

cIro Permanently Cured Mott. or ornerrou.res. after
ri d Nr~t day'a nf nr Eline's Great Nerve Re-
stor~r Send for FREr o. trial bottle snd treatise
DR.. X. q. KLINE Ltcd. osl Arch ST., Philadelphia, Pa.
The La Jara chronicle., 1906-07-20
PALISADE PATTERNS.
A PRACTICAL APRON
Designed by BERTHA BROWNING.

Aprons are always topic of interest to the
housewife or any woman who has duties to
perform as they are not only necessary evil
but a necessary good. Percale and denim are
sturdy stufs for aprons which must do hard
general service where no ruffies or gathers ap-
pear and this design is exactly suited to such
use and development, No ruffles or gathers add
to the labor of making and laundering this
apron while the bib portion is broad enough to
cover the front of the blouse and SO shaped as
to suggest the Princess effect. The fitting OF
the front by cores renders it becoming and
practical. The skirt portion offers complete
protection for the skirt. Percale, gingham or
another apron material may develop the odel.
Four and three-fourth yards of 36-inch material
are necessary in the medium sizes.
eFe-Sizes, small, medium and large.
The La Jara chronicle., 1906-07-20
TO ALL SUFFERERS FROM TOO MUCH FAT
A TRIAL TREATMENT WILL BE SENT
As FREE GIFT BY SIMPLY
ASKING FOR 1T.

Eptt lHEFst III
successful reduc-
ton of superfuous
fat. My perfected
treatment quickly
relieves you from
that feeling offull.
ness and oppres-
The aegis & intelligencer. [volume] (Bel Air, Md.) 1864-1923, 1906-04-13
A FOUL MURDER.

Thomas NJ. Rinehart, a popular
young railroad contractor, of great
promise, who had recently been admitted
into the railroad contracting partner
ship of the firm of which Mr.. E. p. H.
Harrison, of Bel Air is member, and
who are at present engaged in heavy
tunnel work for the Baltimore and Ohio
railroad, near Ellicott City, was brutally
murdered by desperate negro laborer
on Saturday evening. Having ap-
preached the man, who was loafing in
his tent, in order to press him into work
the impudent desperate Immediately
entered into a vindictive alteration, and
in moment, drew his pistol and dis
charged the contents into the abdomen
of Mr.. Rinehart, who died very shortly
afterwards. The man hastily left the
works, probably boarded a passing
freight train, and being shielded by his
negro associates, who alone saw the act,
was enabled to get considerable dis
lance from the camp before pursuit was
entered upon, and up to this datehas not
been apprehended. AS is common in
such works, the laborer is of a low grade,
and continual drawings in the neighbor.
ing speak easies" occur. Bitter feeling
exists that this man may possibly escape
UNPUBLISHED, and every effort is being
made by the Howard county authorities
for his arrest; it is sincerely to be hoped
in the interest of justice and good orde,
that they may succeed.
The aegis & intelligencer. [volume] (Bel Air, Md.) 1864-1923, 1906-04-13
NEW AUTO LAW,

The recent automobile law, which has
just been signed by the Governor, repeats
and re-enacts the old law passed in 1904,
with the following material changes:
Alicense of So is imposed instead of 81,
as heretofore. good as long as the licen-
see holds the car; 81 of this goes to the
Secretary of State. and the remaining So
goes into the State treasury for the use
of the public roads. License numbers are
now required on the front of the cars as
well as on the back, and the numbers
ground. No car shall carry the number
of any other state than the Maryland
number on the front or the back of the
car, except in the case of persons from
the District of Columbia
In case of bona fide failure of lights, an
operator may proceed to his destination
if he goes slowly and sounds his horn
every 200 feet. The speed limit is raised
from 10 to 2 miles an hour in the open
country, and the same rate is permitted
in cities of over 16, 900 inhabitants. This
is subject to the requirement that the
speed should never be greater than is
reasonable, having regard for the traffic
and use of the highways.
In meeting horses, the speed must be
reduced, and if the horse appears fright
ened or if the driver Signals by raising
his hand, the operator of the motor car
shall guide the same to the side of the
highway and remain standing until the
driver of the horse has had a reasonable
opportunity to drive by or alight and
! hold his horse.
The county commissioners shall set
aside for given time a specified public
highway for speed tests. Automobiles
are prohibited from leaving their cars
unattended with motors running, and the
law prohibits neddling with automo.
biles left unattended, sounding the horn
or in any way interfering with the car
being a misdemesuor. Throwing stones
or missiles is punishable by fine of $50
The power to imprison violators of the
State law is taken from the magistra tie.
and reposed in courts of criminal iuris
diction. The right to appeal is giver
automobilists, aud the machine may b,
left as security for fne and costs.
The aegis & intelligencer. [volume] (Bel Air, Md.) 1864-1923, 1906-04-13
DR.. WALTER II. ROWE,

DR.. Walter B. Rowe died at his home
at Aberdeen on Sunday after an illness OF
pneumonia and paralysis which lasted
but ten days. He was sixty-nine years
and seven months old and was born in
Hereford, Baltimore county. 1t was
there that he married Miss Carrie Bur
roughs about thirty-two years ago. She
survives him with four daughters, who
are Mrs. J. M. Hanson, of Wilmington,
Misses Ruth, Grace and Lois Rowe and
six sons Messrs. Walter w. II. Rowe,
Harry |. Rowe, Dorsey Rowe, Perry b.
Rowe, Robert Rowe and Harlan Rowe.
The deceased had spent part of his life
in Richmond, Virginia, and hadpracticed
medicine for the past forty-four years,
having for a number of years had large
practice in Aberdeen. By his genial
qualities he had endeared himself to all
of his acquaintances DR.. Rowe was a
life long Democrat, devoted to the princi-
Piles of his party, he was always interest
ed in campaigns but never sought an
office. Funeral services were held at his
late residence on Wednesday. Rev. David
Jamisou, assisted by Rev. Thomas 7.
Brown and Rev Harry W. Burruss
oficiated. The pail bearers were James
Coale, Harry Hopkins, Charles A. An
drew, William II. Jacobs, Harry p. Stras-
baugh and Charles Il. Osborn. The re-
mains were taken to Baltimore and in
tered in Greenmount cemetery.
The aegis & intelligencer. [volume] (Bel Air, Md.) 1864-1923, 1906-04-13
DEATH OF MRS. THOMAS.

Mrs. Virginia Thomas, widow of the
late David E. Thomas, died at her resi-
dence near Darlington, on Monday even
ing, aged ~ years. Mrs. Thomas had
been suffering from paralysis for several
months, and her death was not unex-
pected.
She was the daughter of the late Rev.
John Davis and Phoebe Webster and was
born near Calvary, where she spent her
childhood. When quite young she mar
ried Mr.. Edward Quarles, who died in
1862, leaving besides his widow, a son
John, who died in 1880, and daughter
Fanny. now the wife of Mr.. John H.
Price, of Darlington.
About 1870, Mrs. Quarles married Mr..
David E. Thomas, wealthy lumber mer-
chant of Baltimore, who died about ten
years ago. By this marriage are two
sons, David E., now residing in Darling
ton, Webster, deceased, and Mrs. Edward
Nj. Allen, Jr.
Endowed by Nature. with her generous
hand she developed her varied talents to
a wonderful degree. With a singular
beauty of countenance. remarkable con-
versational powers, a wealth of knowl-
edge, deep poetic nature, a devotion to
her church, an unostentatious charity,
and profound love of her fellow-man,
she always impressed her personality
upon those with whom she was thrown.
In 1861 Mrs. Thomas published vol
ume of poems which are gems in them
selves, by far the most beautiful being
Starlight Thoughts" in memory of her
mother. Few lives have been more COM
pletely dedicated to others, few lives
have been rewarded with a richer har-
vest.
Services were conducted at her late
residence on Wednesday afternoon by
Revs. Ferguson, Kimball and Sterling;
an exquisite solo was sung by Mrs. John
H. Price, Jr. The pallbearers were Rich
ard Webster, R. Harry Webster, J. Ed
win Webster, Edwin H. Webster, Arm
field F. VanBibber and William w. Fin
ney. The interment was in Darlington
cemetery. W. H. H. Whiteford was the
undertaken.