davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Vernon County censor. [volume] (Viroqua, Wis.) 1865-1955, 1906-04-11
Liberty


Spring work is with us and farmers
will soop commence seeding g. .. Roads
are frightfully muddy, almost impass.
able. Those on the sick list are our
merchant Mr.. Schultz, Daisa Wood,
Grandma Fish and Mrs. Harvey Cox
but are all on the mend Dana Wood
ia working at Warren Fishs Wedding
bells have been heard of late, the mar
riages are Miss Myra Shilling and Earl
Palmer, and Mary Clements and Bert
Cunningham. The former are talking
of going to Dakota taking up q home
steal The latter have rented the Dins-
dale farm Tor THE season. ~ Mer.
Whites farc. and have moved on the
same. Hattie Moorhouse and son
Earnest of Sank County, are visiting
friends and relatives in this community
and Readstowp. Mr.. Gelstrup and
family have moved on their farm above
Ross. Seymour Rusk Is working
for Win Best Pearl Fish had the mis-
fortune Of loosing q yearlinR colt by
breaking i.s neck. Clara and Ethel
Mccall spent their vacation at home
last week .. George White has hired
out for the summer to VIM. Webb of
ViroGda and his brother Ezra has hired
TO Jno Mckee. 49,. Jerry Rusk was a
Vircaus caller last Wednesday ....
Lewis Anderson Is erecting a new adj
dition on B jennings dwelling house
$3.50. Marvin Wood has shipped out q
number of furs during thu winter. 49,.
Mrs Estells Hsnchett OF Bishop Branch
called on Mrs. Edgar d clap one day last
week The cheeee factory will
again open up with Mr.. Schulz as
manager Mrs Nellie Boggs is visit
ing sister near Cashtor. 49,. Warren
Fish was elected chairman of this town
for this year We wish him success
Olive Kinnsmon is working in the to-
bacco ware. house in Wire qua She will
arrive home in abou. week -. Hide
away the hen apples, boys, for next
Sunday Is Esste. Some of our farmers
are loosing their sheep by dogs. Uncle
John Shilling Is paying visit among
relatives and friends at Sparta Jacob
Johnson Sr did their first threshlng
this season a week ago last Friday for
Frank Boggs Jake Smith of Viola,
has purchased elm bark of p Fish. .....
Asher SilbauRh disposed of his farm to
Irve Kast, and bought land near Man.
ming Harvey Fish and Marsh Reed
departed for the west. Jake johnson
Is working for John Wood this week.
Ed Hayter has purchased fine work
horse and has also rented tobacco ground
of ]. s Harris O johnson disposed
of some of his timber to John Thayer
os Viroqua- RUBBER NECK
Vernon County censor. [volume] (Viroqua, Wis.) 1865-1955, 1906-04-11

advf rtiee1 which may remain du
lslYen under my hand at Il
Of Wisconsin in the city Of VIRGO
Township 10, Range / East
Owners name Des Sec Acres
X Vaningen Asw1z 40
Township IA Range 1 West
Owners name Des Sec Acres
ii Hackets s pt NV Il NV u
and s W. nwA4 ~
a u Pillsoury HsW Ms so
Mrs M < Harris mex mex as
Township 10 Range l West
Owners name Des Bee Acres
II Blackburn sw i ne IA 40
Logan McVey wy swA 10 70
Township IA Range1 West
Owner's Lame Des. Sec. Acres
Richard Roberts, Use \ q 81
Township II Range 2West
Owners name Des Sec Acres
] Osterhout n e \ ne 4 40
James Corigan nWLse kIa 40
Geo BALDWIN sw 4 sw Il I6 40
Township II Range 8 West
Owners name Des Sec Acres
Joseph Adams sW& SEX Q ~
- - Sc / Sc l. 8 80
., nWL SEX Z
VIM Jones est swi swA 10 ~
III II Beeman all mex 10 1ZU
ex DIT sold to Chitwood
Township IL Range 3 West
Owners name Des Sec Acres
n II Burger neknw4 % 10
~ - Is 81 NV neA25 20
>, - swi mex IS ~
9 Guist n W n -. 80 30
u Dewitt pit nwk mel &c 1856
Tnom Olson VIZ nwA...l4 80
Olevis Iekley nwh SCI, II 80
Thorn Oleson u Il ne 70 50
Township13 Range 3 West
Owners name Des Sec Acres
AID Hanson NV ne n Il Az
Andrew Dahl sHA mex II 10
= Harris nWL EVIL 60. q 40
Il Dewitt nw56- 40ne Asel{3t So
It $40 sw aseA 81 20
:, NJ 25- i0sea SEX 81 20
Hiram Hadley 81 SEA rs 50
Township IA Range 8 West
owners name Des. Sec Acres
VIM Knapp $ ne X. Ia 80
- W iZue /. SEX 10 %
- +" nptnwh seAil9 81
A.Clark W15.l6 So sw % rs
John PaFr n ne A...33 50
Township II Range 4 West
Owner 8 Name Dies Sec Acres
Andrew Herreid e]6 nek 3 no
Andrew Fuhr fr sw kse5 IL 6
Township IL Range A West
Owners Name Des Sec Acres
y X Dahl SO NV IA 40
Township 10 Range 5 West
ON uers Name Des Sec Acres
q V Porter nw4 ne \ 10 ~
Township IL Range 5 West
Owners name, Des. Sec, Acres
o Nestingen mort int.s
Asel4 s 40
J Nysveen pt.sw 4 n Ell 10 %
:. ptse nwA 10 Is
Nels Rudl g u NV :. "a ~
Township IL Range 6 West
Owners name Des Sec Acres
Henry sAndlin sWhnwA S Az
Sheldon o pt se \ sch 20 20
Township II Range Z West
Owners name Dec. See. Acres
J VaDzant W hwy Lisa 9 90
O w Graves sW C sw AnwA1S :
e Is Emerson n e I II 80
- sa4seAnwA ID 81
Township Is Range : West
Owners name Des. Sec. Acres
II q Kinds let No 6...s 81. 81
J Giilett lot No 2....... 5 )
SOnEdu htCntEu ue = NV ~
q j Brown a g Ase A...6 40
>" seAs A....-6 40
Township IA Range : West
Owners name Dec. Sec Acres
@ Bald win n ell wA $3.50
N ic Mayors nwA ne L 3 80
G Tollackson DeAseA Il s3.lS
G J Schofield Lot No 5
sw nwh 500. 10 "a S.
O & ] Scoheld lot No 6 ~ as 05
g. lot No 7I9 63 IS
J W Powers gAswk q 40
- 's.........-.-. - ~
4. >, ...........-...A ~
;, ............2O 40
@ Metcalf Lot No b.. 20 D 20
- y Lot No3 so rs IS
- . Lot No4.. 80 80 70
Unknown Ane NJ. 30 40
sw Il \ g 49,. SO 40
Q Richards Lot No 3 81 48 IS
- Lot No g. 81 53.1s
q
Vernon County censor. [volume] (Viroqua, Wis.) 1865-1955, 1906-04-11

ToRGER BERGE, C,uaty Treasurer.
Vernon County censor. [volume] (Viroqua, Wis.) 1865-1955, 1906-04-11
College Merger.

The National College of Pharmacy,
which has been among the separate
educational institutions of Washing
ton for the past thirty four years. will
henceforth be. SO far az educational
matters are concerned a part OF
George Washington university. As to
the ownership of properly and dnau-
cial and other matters, the college
maintains Its independent existence
CARL SCHOFIELD.
Vernon County censor. [volume] (Viroqua, Wis.) 1865-1955, 1906-04-11

New York and Chicago
P.s J f Nnzum sells cnr pSint
Vernon County censor. [volume] (Viroqua, Wis.) 1865-1955, 1906-04-11

Owners name Descriptions
Riley Perkins lot out of sex
nwt Tia ri W Sec %
La crosse & s. f.. r. X. co. Pc
ter * Herman Christens add
Lot q Blk / Section 2s
La crosse & =. T.. X. r. GO, Pc.
tor & Herman Christens add
In 9a hlty 1 sec %
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1906-11-16
Monarchies vs.. Republics.

An entertaining comparison Of the
governments Of countries visited by
William = Bryan with that Of the
United States. Ia Sundays Globe.
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1906-11-16
Ben TilInan

Tells his own story for Sunday Globe
readers. stories, Kitty and Danny, Car
penter housekeepers' pages, and special
articles, all better than ever.
Remember the family.
Order the Boston Sunday Globe dc.
livered regularly at your home.
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1906-11-16
BARRE GRANITE AND OTHERS.


WHY should sellers Of granite prefer
to use the name 1Barre granite If
their own product IL Just as goodg Tt
As because Barre granite has established
for itself a tremendous prestige and the
sellers Of other granites are TRYING TO
appropriate that prestige to themselves
on d product which may be as different
from the Barre product as a Brussels
carpet IL from a cotton floor covering
The dealers in Barre granite have been
to n very great expense and have con
simed years in building up reputa-
ton for their product which Is peculiar
To itself. After that has been done.
along come people who have opened
granite quarries III other sections, from
different veins Of stock who sell their
product for the Barre article, trusting
in the gullihility Of the purchaser whose
contract calls for Barre granite. Delys
ers in the soil tell MS that there is no
granite in this section Of the country
which compares in various characters
tics with Barre granite; yet we have
testimony that various kinds Of gram
lite are being foisted upon the public I'm.
der the claim of being from the Barre
VEIN Not only is the practice working
a grave injustice upon the Barre dealer,
but 1t il perpetrating fraud upon
Brussels when he Is really purchasing
cotton. There seems to be mistaken
idea in some quarters that granite i
granite, just as hens eggs arc hens
eggs.
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1906-11-16
FOR THANKSGIVING

To-day friday begins an event that every house
keeper knows to be the greatest ot the year our
Thanksgiving Sale Of Linens It's a business move
ent that will bring pleasure and gain TO every house
wife in this vicinity. Measured by the variety We
have gathered measured by the qualities we will
show, measured BY the low prices we quote, this +
the most important collection we have ever amaSsed
You can buy an All-lincn Damask here for 4oc
per yard.
64inch Table Damask for SOC per yard, sold any
other time Of the year for 75c per yard.
72-inch Pure Linen Damask, deep border and
regularly priced per yard for this sale at only
Sc per yard.
72-inch Linen, Double Damask. ten different
styles select FROM all new designs, Sis and SloO
qualities, for oSc per yard
72-inch Linen Double Damask, in beautiful de-
signs. This is tbs best value placed on our coun
ter for 81. rs per yard
74-inch Napkins to match, not $500 per dozen,
but in this sale at only So rs per dozen
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1906-11-16

Bic with the school fraternity idea which
makes it inimieal to the American spirit
Of democracy. II il the erection Of
this wall of China in the public nigh
schools that will raise the mischief Il
will inevitably divide the students into
cl,qnes and circles and thus teEd ID
undermine orr democratic ideas. Stud
ents in high schools have not w d
rule reached that ago when they are
able to take 4 broad view Of life and
guard against the tendency TO withdraw
within their own selecs circle They
should, therefore, be surrounded Div She
minimum of incentive to exelusiyeness
and, ii carried too for, To suobblsn
ness.
Among other good reasons why the
high school fraternity should be abol
ished Is tho matter Of expense and the
matter OF time The students do not
haveJ Oh at least should not have mon
ey to expend for any Properties 81 this
sort. They most certainly need an their
time outside Of that spent at home for
their books, their athletics and kindred
school adjuncts.
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1906-11-16
ANTI FRATERNITY SPIRIT IN HIGH
SCHOOL.

The growth of the fraternity or soci-
ety idea in high schools of the country
is receiving a check and ii may in time
be completely wiped out. In many OF
the larger cities, including Chicago, Wor.
cester and Springfield, Mass, active
steps have been taken to eliminate the
organizations Thos steps should be
followed by other cities which are both
cred with this insidious pest Of school
iie There are many reasons why fire.
terntities should not be allowed in high
schools; and only one reason for their
continuance. This latter b the claim
that they conduce to sociabi'ity. In a
way that Is true; fraternities do con
ducc to social interchange between
their own mombers FeIlow.members of
the same club are drawn to each other
closely, hut those without the pale are
~ far removed as IL the wall Of China
interviewed And therein lies the trou-
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1906-11-16

Governor Proctor had peculiar duty
to perform yesterday. II became en-
cumbent upon him to issue commits
sion to his own father 10 be trustee
Of the university Of Vermont in compIi-
anec with the election recently held BY
The state legislature, Another detail
\ little out of the ordinary in the same
line was the fact that Governor Proctor
commissioned OK Governor Il 7. Orns-
bee Of Brandon to be trustee Of the
same institution, the former having been
tne latter's secretary Of civil and mill
tary affairs not 50 very long ago What
wonderful strides the younger genera
lion Is taking
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1906-11-16
Nellie Kennedy Company.

The Nellie Kennedy company win
open next week engagement at the OPP
era house with Miss Sherlock Holmes,
a dctective play 81 character far re-
moved from the conventional production
OF this kind. Miss Kennedy via. %
course. handle the leading role and Is
expected 70 give very interesting pef-
Torrance The vaudeville specialties car
ried By this company are above the aver
age and should prove drawing card
Prices Toe, zoe and Soc Matinee On
Saturday, loo and pee Ladies tickets,
Monday night, i5c.
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1906-11-16

copies, the largest paid circulation Of
any daily paper in this section.
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1906-11-16

II that antisspitting bill becomes a
law and is enforced Il will do much
toward preventing the spread Of con.
tagious disease. II may seem something
Of Joke, but II il matter Of plain
common sense and deserves The cordial
support OF the public Moreover, spit
ting on the sidewalk is a nasty trick,
anyway. Bennington Banner.
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1906-11-16
CURRENT COMMENT.
Al Vote for a Good Man.

Every policyholder in the Mutual
Life Insurance company should vote the
ticket with Governor Pages name on
1t, Don't let agents ~ the company,
paid to work for the company, fool you
info voting any other ticket. Burling
ton Clipper.
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1906-11-16

In the death Of DR. +. III. Greene Of
Bethel the state lost one Of the leading
members Of its medical profession.
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1906-11-16
A Moving Toy free.

See Saw, moving toy, free with
next Sundays Boston Globe. This toy
is on heavy cardboard, is easily cnt out
and set up. Remember the children.
Order next Sundays Boston Globe to-
DAY,
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1906-11-16

It looks as if the gfidiron warriors
might have 70 80 around on runners.
The Barre daily times. (Barre, Vt.) 1897-1959, 1906-11-16

States Attorney Gates II making a
fine start toward enforcement Of the
liquor law
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1906-03-25
Wall Paper Sale.
Children In Arms.

a twclvcmonth has passed since the
youth of Russia was weancd from sci
enco. Universities, high schools and
grammar schools ceased their regular
functions In tho curly part OF 1905 and
have not yet been able TO resume them
may not. In fact. resume them for long
time to come, Meanwhile, In many parts
of the empire the students resolved that
these educational establishments should
be reopened but only az sanctuartes
where rcyolutonists OF all Glasses and
conditions might assemble. hold meetings
and defy tho "minions of tho law But
this the authorities, educational and po-
ItlcaI have utterly declined To permit,
SO thnt the universities and other techn-
cal high schools arc closed. How ruinous
this loss Of instruction and education Is
TO a people whose principal faillngs spring
from want of mental training has been
pointed out agnin and again by the lib
eral but moderate writers OF the day The
oldest liberal review In Russia Snccrs at
the well-mcaninE schoolboys who In ST.
Petersburg labored side by sico with tho
council OF workmens y delegates, and In ~
high-fulutin document signed BY the or
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1906-03-25
HThey are the spirits Of some Southern Indians

year; AS we huddled with closely
wrapped blankets around our little fire
0i Oh I5unalo chips" the dust and ashes
go dancing over the prairie until they
exhausted themselves
| asked a venerable chief Of the -Osares
Little Little Beaver. nearly eighty years old
what those ftful spirals Indicated This
oid In order to draw from him his idea
OF the forces of nature. He replied
They are the spirits Of some Southern
| lndians: Killed and scalped up North go
ing back TO the lodges of their people,
l thouSht that if he has substituted the
word matter for spirit" everywhere
we tread upon the dust of a lost clvliza-
ton, he would probably have been nearer
the truth than In the staement of one of
| his tribes supersititions.
Among the many myths OF the North
American Indian the disposition OF the
| soul after Its separation from the body
ana Its close connection with tho scalp,
trIbe SF, 1SfG5dIng Witb to the religion Of the
| Happy Hunting Grounds begins i'm
mediately; with others, the spirit remains
near the grave Again, If an Indian dies
away from the lodges OF his people, the
spirit returns at once to them. as stated
TO me by Little Beaver, where 1t hovers
as II reluctant to leave, Among the Up
per Missouri river tribes II Is believed
that before the spirit finally departs from
those who have died from wounds re-
ceiyed In battle. IL floats toward a great
cliff overhangng the Missouri, and carves
upon the wall of rock a picture showing
the manner of death
1t Is believed by most Of the plains
tribes that the soul attaches itself to the
scalp; that the soul of a person scalped
does not suffer from the wounds inflicted
on the body. but that the converse Is the
case where the scalp Is not torn off.
Scalped and Still Lived.
There are many Instances on record
where men have been scalped and yet
survived the terrible ordeal. but In every
case the scalper supposed his victim dead.
the latter taking good care that his foe
man should not be disabused of the sup
posed fact.
In 1867 a party of Indians took up
rail on the Union Pacific railway, and
laid Instructions on the track. After
and was wrecked. The engineer and fire
man were instntly killed The conductor
and brakeman jumped off to nnd them
selves bsset by band of yelling sarages.
! They ran into the darkness and all es-
| capped except one. who was pursued shot
j and fell. The Indian who had fred dis
mounted from his pony and straddling
| that unlucky mans body. scalped him,
stripped him OF all clothing but shirt
and shoes. and rode away
Early in the morning another freight
! train was tagged by n hldeous looking
| object which turned out to be the brake
| man who had been shot through the body
and scalpedi He had recovered his senses.
! and knowing that tho train was due,
| walked some distance down the track to
save II from being wrecked. He was
! taken on board and the train moved up TO
! the wreck, which, after plundering. the
| Indians had left just as 1t was thrown
| over through their devilish act
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1906-03-25

already mentioned forSode In the future
the degeneration OF the young generation
and the enfccbleWcnt OF its mental ca
pacities I understand quite we'll that as
matters now arc every thinking citizen
Is obliged ,to join this that political
peychical arrangements among grown-up
people Is an inevitable evil, But what
children should take part In the political
struggle seems TO me absolutely harm
full" As the future OF Russia Will be
shaped by the young generation of today,
IL liz certainly matter Of grave concern
that. that generation should be deprived
of the slender educational care of which
II was hitherto the object. The blind
cannot lead the blind. even though they
believe in cy.-Contemporary Re
view
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1906-03-25

sanlzinE bureau OF the united council OF
the elders OF the intermediate educational
establishments OF ST. Petersburg" or
dered all schoolboys in the city to aban-
don the strike Simultaneously with the
nation"
And then the writer goes on to remark
rising generation into the revolutionary
whirlpool, In my practice. writes the
children'S doctor. Prof Gundobin. cases
Of acute dclIrium in school children be-
tween the ages OF IL and Ia are cropping
up more and more frequently OF late Llt-
tie boys start out OF their sleep at night,
imagining themselves to be standing on
barricade55 amid an armed inSurrection.
In other families children, formerly docile
and well bred. have become rude, impu-
dent, obviously manlfesting morbid
shock of the nervous SYSTEM The cases
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1906-03-25
In Henry Inman.

~ With which I am ac-
.,h their enemies killed In
~ origin Of scalp-taking
ksxn. and that vague and
/af5 every tribe has some
jxsud 10 account for the
,hess traditions vary wide
= esuse. That raising the
cfny is OF great antiquity
toeb,, for in the Bible il
~ iAe soldiers tore the skin
itads OF their vanquished
&Ezlh American savage there
y spne close afflliatlon be-
ltearsd and his hair, |
uted many a blood-begrimed
n should care for a dead
ard Invariably a number OF
Aeea assigned. 1t ls an cvi-
| y people that he has tri-
IL Bic enemy. The scalps
,1nlbe5t factors In the in
|a tie Medicine Lodge, a
4 rtfgtous rites The savage
NJ Is a wonderfully inherent
3 salp OF an enemy; all the
zgtss Of the victim go with
Eoneut II Is wrenched from
n tie victim Is a renowned
1rch greater Is the anxiety
IS scalp, for the fortunate
" InherlIs all the bravery
4 q It's original owner.
~ By q Bald Head.
E<s Of but one Instance I'm
Hence among the Indians
1iod Of more than than the
Enry, where a white man,
= II battle, escaped death.
Ftat many years ago. the
niend. still living. a grand
Per, but the homellest man
E:eahly. He was red-faced.
E pock-marked. with a
1'}s and full OF teeth as a
ntfe was no more hair on
he:e Is on a billiard bali.
1,ssred In a prolonged fight
ihe village OF the tribe
Hdpal chief resided. That
I one disgusted look at the
AID that ho was Bad
El X not the EVIL Spirit"
related TO II. Tho chief
Eeordlnstes to furnish the
a pony, loaded him with
rouded him with n rifle.
% go back TO his people.
Gas stated. the Indians OF
alls and Rocky Mountains
axe one scalp OF a famous
oncsr who has success
thsm-for example-Cus-
a or Crook-than n dozen
Eary white men.
-nye years ago l was
ee nigh Divide" between
aud Beaver rivers. with
s'sernment Indian ecouts.
"a three friendly tribes.
Hsss and Kaws. employed
aan In his winter cam
The hostile Cheyennes,
hlowas 1t was a ter
sl, Characteristic Of our
~ certain times OF the
The Salt Lake tribune. [volume] (Salt Lake City, Utah) 1890-current, 1906-03-25

Gees gun barrel commemcrated the full
measure Of his revenge; long mark for
the chief and nine shorter ones for the
subordinate mead men VINO had bitten the
dust at rhe command Of the unerr!3E rife
that never failed to execute its mission
when pointed ut a Brule'S breast
After Little Turtle had been sent to
The Happy Hunting Grounds" McGee's
mind began 10 regain Its normal eQuili-
lTium until at last he once moro became
perfectly sale.
Why Some Bodies Are Not Scalped.
An Indian who kills himself I'm battle
accidentally ~ purposely, has positively
no hereafter. lie Is irrevocably lost.
Those who are struck by lightning, or
operation OF the great spirit" are hur-
rlcSlly buried where thoy fell without
ceremony over them. If after battle
there arc found corpses rot scnlped or
such persons came to their death by their
own hand. Sor 1t is tenet OF the Indian
religion not to scalp or mutilate the body
of an enemy who commits suicide. This
superstition Is as rigidly observed as any
other of the strange myths
Scalps taken by On individual In fair
single combat. or by assassination, are his
personal property, but Of the scalps OF
enemies killed In a general engagement -
certain proportion is set aside. OF these
percentage goes to the chief. whether
hc was present at the battle or not. Others
are hung up in the Medicine Lodge" and
are sacred from tho touch of any ono
except the M adlclne Chief" Others are
reserved to bo danced over on the return
OF the war party TO the village After that
ceremony they arc returned TO the war
riors who tool. them.
An Indian Will never take tho scalp OF
n coloUed soldier nor does he assign any
special reason for II. All to be got from
him is Buffalo soldier no good! Heap
Pad Mediclnci
4 scalp taken from n renegade In bat
Tic who has turned against his own tribe
must never be carried off. The individual
IIay have his scalp tora Of but IL must
lie left on the ground by the side of the
-opy1Eht 1875. by Henry Inman.