Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1906-11-25
NEWFOUNDLAND MODUS VIVENDI.

/ termed Dy the English as gal
liant old sea dog but he ruled with q rod
| OF iron, kept public house and inflicted
punishment upon the unfortunate islander
who dared drink at any other fount than
the gubernatorial tap. He robbed all. both
great and small. taking even the poor set
tiers pigs Under the commonwealth the
Island had most enlightened ruler In
John Treworgie, an American from Maine.
him but scant honor. judging from an un-
successful appeal for payment of stipend.
unpaid since six years. Was 1t because
re vas OPPOSED to S. n
pend "sallery!-
The early intercourse between New
foundland and New England began In 1916.
when the latter's vessels arrived to fish
and trade. At first commerce was confined
to the bartering of agricultural products,
cattle and dressed lumber. but subse-
quently the New Englander introduced
coarse woolens and leather ware and later
on. greatest business of all, New Eng
land rum" 1T was villainous liquor" says
writer, but suited the fishermans taste
far better than the cheap wines from
SPAIN
Next to commerce in the fiery liquor OF
Nantucket was the trade in men, The
Devonshire shippers. who
Trade brought out the English
in Men. fishermen every spring, were
obliged to carry them back
free To save the expense of feeding them
on the return voyage they connived at their
being smuggled away by the Yankees. So
great was this rade that in one year no
less than 500 men were taken on from
Conception bay headed up in large casks
by enterprising New Englanders. In the
history Of white slavery in New England,
says a writer. I'VE can learn how the west
countrymen had to serve several years to
get clear of the bondage. The Influx of
the splendid Devon sailors helped to man
the great fishing fleet and to equip the
American whalers'
The fisheries of Newfoundland thus have
their traditions and the ethnologist and his
ance of the unhappy Beothik was DUE In
fact, to the villainous rum of Nantucket!
Sir George Calvert afterward Lord Bal
timore, founded a small Catholic colony in
the island, but abandoned 1t for the more
hospitable and congenial shores of Chesa-
peake bay and the rivers of Maryland.
Finally, the treaty OF Utrecht Q1l3l ceded
Newfoundland to the English, but by Ar
ticle Ii reserved to France the right to
take and dry fish on that part of the coast
defined by the treaty.
For the English, as for the French. the
Importance of Newfoundland was centered
in the fisheries. IAN acre Of ocean equals
a thousand acres of land was popular
refrain. Besides the fisheries was school
which bred the best sailors for the rivals
at sea. The fisheries also possessed
peculiar charm for the French, the Goldfish,
4 vulgar If not a despised. dish for the
Saxon, who has never known how TO pre-
pare 1t or appreciate Its rare excelIence.
Henry Nv. said that Paris was worth a
mass and so likewise Newfoundland be-
cause Of it's excellent and incompatible
cod. Une brandada de morue--or codnsh a
la provencale-what a revelation. behoia
the mystery! The fish is boiled and picked
up with good quantity Of garlic, persi or
parsley. lemon juice and olive Oil, the
whole to be well beaten and-served. An!
IL, &c. O.
pecially on the southwest. where the range
reaches an elevation Of nearly 1000 feet.
The hills attain their summit within a rev
miles of the salt water and then spread out
into an undulating country consisting large,
~ of barTens and marshes and intersected
by numerous rivers and lakes. On the bor-
ders Of the lakes and water courses good
land is generally found, and in some cases,
as about the Exploits and the HUMBER, Is
heavily timbered.
Labrador, q dependency Of Merchandising,
is the most easterly part OF the american
continent, with an area OF 1&,OOO square
miles and a population of 4OO9.
The government Of Newfoundland was es-
tablished In 1855. 1t Is administered by a
governor, assisted by an executive and leg
islative council. "A house OF assembly con-
sists of thirty-six representatives, who re-
ceive $500 to $500 each for the session. Mem
bers Of the legislative council receive $l20
for the session. Newfoundland desired TO
enter the Canadian federation in May, 1888.
but Canada declined to assume the respon-
sibility for the Newfoundland debt, which
il considerable. - --
Geologicaliy speaking, Newfoundland. or
more properly Newland. has been mis-
1s named. It is in reality one
Really an of the oldest lands in ex-
Old Tand istence. At one time It was
'.@ looked upon az the flag end
,foh raio CfQd
when the earth was completed. 1t is like
the nucleus OF that portion of the earth
from which at least a great part OF the con-
tinent of North America had Its origin. Its
rock structure consists OF the most an
Client geological series. The country mas
mantfestly passed through hre, vast a.eas
being igneo-aaueous, igneous and eruptive
matter or otherwise highly metamorphosed
sediment, all indicating vast and prolonged
volcanic disturbance at some period OF fts
structural history.
q great ice sheet enveloped the island dur
ing the post tertiary glacial epoch. When
this huge ice cap began to give way under
more congenial conditions OF temperature
the slow but powerful movement OF sucn
body from the higher elevations toward the
sea acted like a vast cyclopean ploughshare
planning down the surface growing, poiIsh-
ing and striating the rocks IN every oirec-
tion. evidences of this movement are very
abundant all over the country and was
tbrm,eh this agency 1t has been nodded
into its present contour OF smooth roll
ing. rounded ridges and low valleys.
Mr.. Rudyard Kipling, replying to New.
foundlander who wrote him as loyal
colontst' to remind the poet that New
foundland had been ignored In his we'll
known Song of the English" said:
II will put in a four-line verse in The
Song of the Cities II you on your part
will drop and influence other people to drop
illusions to the loyalty Of the colonies. In
the first place, / dislike the word colonies.
and If you look through my verses you Will
find / very seldom use 1t. 1t is out of date,
and misleading. besides being provincial.
In the second place. there Is no need to
talk of loyalty among white men-that Is to
gay races speaking the English tongue. with
a high birth rate and a low murder rate,
living quietly under laws which are neither
bought nor sold. That Is one OF the things
we all take for granted, because the empire
is US-WE ourselves. and for the white
man to explain that he Is loyal Is about
as unnecessary as for respectable woman
to volunteer the fact that she Is chaste.
sI am a colonial" adds Kipling. Sin that
I was born in Bombay, but 1t has never oc-
Cured to me to say that l am loyal be-
cause like you, L am white man-one
can't step out OF ones skim
KIplipusc can NAV fit others than the