davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1906-08-01
FIRST DAY S CARD. #OF
RACES In NORFOLK B j ! {.
Run in Rain on Slow Track Track.
Before a Good
Crowd. $ \
special to The Times Dispateh,)S

Especial to The Times spatcn') ititSt
# NORFOLK. VA. July 1.-THE first
Days card of tho summer races OF the
Norfolk Horse Show and Fair alton
was run In rain and on slow track,
although the 1000 spectators present
seemed pleased with the efforts Of the 1e
horses. S58 s5s fS
Strong cards are offered for the three
remaining days OF the races; Summarizes
CHI, q. Drank Thomas. Brlghtwood, -
CO, !, /, 3; A. D. NJ, 8. y. w. Glad
stone, Cape Charles, q 3, II Falrpanks'
CHI &. III. II. Kline, Phoenixville. 1'a-)'
4, 4, 81 Buxine, b, m, CVlll fJustis, Onan-
cock Va, 3. 8, 8, Portsmouth. b. q a..
G, Codd. Portsrnorth, Va-), 9. " =
Cadette, Jr,. b. q. Is, Boswell Forls'
mouth. Va.). 1T, 1, Thrae others slartel'
to be finished tomorrow Time, S;SS 4-s'
3:20 IA, 1880
Second race-2:l4 pace. purse 3soo-Ada'
b. m, uI G, copperth!te, Wash1n ston. -
C0, !, !, |; Myosotls. oh, M 81 =. Mc'
Cormlck, Washington. D. C,),a.s, hea'
ford Boy, re, Gavina Bros, Was y 3 e.
well, Portsmouth. yn,).A q, q; Gosa q,
lngton, D, c,S. 8, 8. g., one other
Washington, D. ca, Q, B,s one otn aEl
entered Time, 2:la 10, 22o, ~ l-A
Third raco--fiye-elghths Of q mile d eIsl.
purse s1dp- Ethelhrythn Oh. N, ~.
Lewis. Baltimore. Nd, Al setuclke Y. Y
Holley Policy, n. A., driswold. NOW
York;, s. Time. l:o8. s
Fourth race hree-fourths OF mis-
dash. purse sloo-yYIld Beauty (Nicno!s'
Lowell. Md, 1; Little Clta, Oh, m. 70 -
Lewis, Baltimore. MIDI al Friya teer., ~
h. David Dunlop, Norfolk, Va, y 99''e'
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1906-08-01
:IR .||.|l ON STAND
DENIES 4 .II|.E|:S CHARGES | | !
Declares He Never Offered
Money to Coachman 70 Testify
Against Wife.
CASE FOR. PLAINTIFF i i: ENDS Emo
sMuch.D Disputed Helen Scott Let.
ter Admitted as Evidence.
What Judge Said.
CASE FOR PLAINTIFF ENDS EN-
i(By Associated Press.)

a . "a Ill
PrTTsBURG. PA, July a1.-AttorneY
for Augustus Harue; who is seek king
divorce from his wife. Mrs. Mary Scott
Hartjs, somewhat unexpectedly closed
their case to-day. All tho evidence in (
support OF HartJe's petition is now In. At
torneys for Mrs. Hart1e asked for and
obtained an adjournment until tomorrow
morning to prepare their plans Tor put
ting evidence In surrebuttal.
Hartje on Stand.
The trial was marked to-day by SONS
Vigorous remarks from the bench to the
attorneys for Augustus Hartje. when they
sought to explain through Detective r.,
w. Muncey some discrepancies between
tho datectIye.s evidence, and that OF An.
drew Fisher. who became confused yes
terday on cross-examination Judge 10,
bert s. Fraser allowed the testimony 20
be given. but said that It was irreg ular,
and declared that the irregularlty that
had been permitted throughout the casa
would have weight when the court ma g.
its decision. ..,ar I.
Members OF the city police force Wass
called to prove that Tom Hao''Io re .,"N
reported the rlnlng OF his trunk. Aus W
tus Hartje then took the stanu ~ ~ ~
nied the charges lnauo w ~ 'sa a. ~ that
Il Ing the blonde woman EPISODE ANY, .'S'
he had offered Nadine money 70 'es NY
that man was at the Hartje nome u Wv,
with Mrs Hartje while Hartte was away:
Hartie admitted owning mouse o.
which he was said to have vlsltea !. ,1ose,
phjne Wright, He swore that ne ne ga hot
know the woman
Letters Admitted,
The mnch-dlsputed Helen scott letters
wara today admitted as evidence. 4
ilanathy and heated argument preceded
their admissio which Is regarded a.
ne letters purporting to be from
Hslen Scott to her sister. Mrs. Hartje,
vhich. counsel for the llIbellant assert,
prove that Helen was 3 go- betweea Tor
'Tom" Nadine, me coacA1haA cofesPoh-
dent; and Mrs FIartJe,,
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1906-08-01

NJ TIC sCUrB Uy IH11T1TSs. --1----.1 % y. "
Hermitage Club .....5 0 06 20 IL ~
Riverside Club ......3 SO 0 0 Q 9 o--ES
Summary: Two base hits = Wilson.
Stolen bases-Leigh (2), Binfore, Leake
f(2), Mcneil, Broaddus (2), Ellyson, Rat
cliffe (3) w. Lipscomb. Prtchard. Mar
tin, Wilson, Towns (2), II. Lipscomb (2).
Double plays-Wlson to w. Lipscomb
Jones to Hotchkiss, Base on balls-off
Bryan, 81 of Ellyson, 2; off Gill, l; of
Leako, g. Hit by pitched balls-by GILL
I, BY Lcake, /. Struck out-by Bryan, 81;
by Ellyson, 8; by Lcake, G. Passed balls
Call. Hotchkiss, Towns. Wild pitches
Gin (2), Bryan ~. Time Of game, 1850.
Umpire, W. d. Duke. Attendance. Is. 81
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1906-08-01

SD s s5tss"e 81 i Y q J. ne ''o''
I'll -Four pitchers and two catchers worked
overtime, while the handful OF spectators
ewatched the maneuvers OF the ballologtsts
from tho cocatada City and the peculiar
antics Of the men who represent the
EHernitage Club,
Only ten mon came TO bat for the Rich
anond aggregation in the first inning.
/ Rig t-flolder Jones had double chance
Id distinguish himself, He beat 1t out the
first time and extinguished himself the
II ,Es,ooIld time, In other words. he famed.
Ss1Sikendse aid no face the opposing pitcher
twice in the ninth inning.
The Hermitage Club scored five runs
Y right OFT the bat In the first start. The
g RiYexshe boys scored triplet and kept
Il hale Ideals from doing anything very
great in tho eeeond
81 ~ They All Had Chance.
q Bryan was relieved in the second
& Inning. Mr.. "Puss' Ellyson went in to
tWtrL and It was all or afterwards. He
a had his curves bending nicely and his
speed was something fierce. Call the
N hRckHtop, retired. and Iotchkiss went to
FIRST, while Radcliffe came in from center
n SAfd accepted the frightful chances.
In the second inning the Riverside boys
III scored five runs, giving them the lead
4 OF three, and making things look dubious
q Tor the Hermitage team.
But there was another inning and this
Timing was marked No. 5. The locals
scored exactly as many runs as the
number OF the inning, and after thai
Kept on pilins them up In the ninth
four TALES were added, making a tota
az seventeen against the eight by tht
II other side.
For the first three innings the scorer
was assisted by two orldr men whc
sometimes work on baseball articles. Afte
the third Inning. one OF these follows wh'
/ wasn't exactly on duty, went home. A
The end OF the fourth inning, the othe
b one was missing, and from then on Their
Il Was only one man to keep the tally.
mi HERMITAGE CLUB.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1906-08-01
SOUTHERN LEAGUE

Little Rock, 4; New Orleans, Q.
NEW ORLEANS, July 31--Little Rock
took to-day's game by close score. The
locals could do nothing with Keith.
Phillips also pitched good game.
Score: r, II. e,
Little Rock ...,.,00 100000 OIL IS 2
News Orleans 1890 Of 90 90 900 !
Batteries: Keith and Douglas; Phillips
and Stratton. Time, 1:29. Umpire, Rud-
derham.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1906-08-01
CLUB
Nine WON GAME !.
The Score Was Very Close, Be.
ing Only Seventeen to
4 ss,sg Eight
FOUR PITCHERS r! WERE Re: USED IS p
Bryan and Ellyson Against Gill
and Leake Scorekeepers
Laboring Men:
-FOUR PITCHERS WERE. USED 70

I. ss3 Y ~ He Hermitage Coli
! ! !:
,&g5 "a, Club Baseball Team
N fhY01h@ of Richmond, de-
III lplHPN fcated the Riverside
10 SA- Golf Club nine from
~ h ~ Petersburg at the Broad
lkS Street diamond yesterday
~ " afternoon by the close
1 score OF II to 8.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1906-08-01
/ Blues TO Go to Jamestown.

81 Tne Richmond Light infantry Blues
hayo accepted the invitation OF the,
Jamestown Exposition Company to hold
tt,aY annual encampment there next year
3date has not yet been set, but the en-
campmsnt VIII probably last through the
wesE which 10 to be ohristened the nVir,
sfnia Home Coming Week" 1t Is un-.
derstood that the outing will last proba,
bly, ten days.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1906-08-01
Emporia, -; Newport News, !.

BMPoRIA, VA. July a Enlporia won
from, Newport News to-daysby . SCORE 81
& sto Ira double-header WIN be pEayed'
Titzpatr.ck, OF Lynchburs, VIII bs IN ths
box tor tho visitors. !, I, ~, Z,
Emporia. ~. .,..a21so00st-N =
Newport Nsws,,..0 o Y o15o o 0-l9
Batteries: Bmporia, Hobbs ana Ire,
william; Newport News, chaIa ana y!
Becker, Struck out-by q TEsyl Ian. q
BY Becker. : Base on pslls-on IT'S
william, u on Becker, 4.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1906-08-01
No Gam.

Az Charleston: Char eston- Savannah
xa1pA pastnansa on account Of rs4n,
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1885-1921, 1906-04-17

out aVa1f.
would like, therefore. to plead that
some cIemency be shown this man and
indeed, the other two whose names are
mentioned bove.
All the men are at present exceed
ingly sorry for the bloody deed they
committed and praying earnestly Al
mighty God 10 forgive them. [ have
never seen what appear more real and
genuine sorrow for sin and wrong
doing. Moreover, L am receiving from
the Koreans scattered all over these
islands most touching expressions of
the sincere regret they feel by reason
of this disgrace which they think falls
upon them as whole. Delega lions
from two or three plantatio con-
sisting of dozen or more men, have
come to the city for the purpose of ex-
horting these poor criminals to truly
repent of their sin before God and man
The whole sad affair mas made already
very deep impression upon these poor,
helpless, hopeless people and will tend
to be a. warning to all offenders against
our laws.
L have the honor to be. sir, your
obedient servant
JOHN w. WADMAN,
superintendent Hawaiian Mission, NJ
Z. Church.
Honolulu, H. T., April 10. 1905.
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1885-1921, 1906-04-17

lain's Collie, Cholera and Diarrhoea
Remedy is one Of the hest medicines
made. I had been suffering from an
attack of collie and after trying a
couple OF prescriptions without relief,
a friend suggested that I take Cham
berlain's Collie, Cholera and Diarrhoea
Remedy. I did so and the result was
truly magical for 1t gave me immedi-
ate relief. About that time several Of
my staff We're attacked in a like man
ner and out of this same bottle cured
them all" For sale by Benson, Smith
& Co, Ltd, Agents for Hawaii
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1885-1921, 1906-04-17

When he had come to the statement
that this was the first atrocious crime
committed by Koreans in this Terri
tory, and made the plea to the Acting
Governor rot to class all Koreans with
community, the Acting Governor in
terrupted him to say:
Il. do not think, Mr. Wadman, be-
cause five men of any race commit an
atrocious murder that the whole race
is stained. That would not be a fair
conclusion, and l do not believe you
would draw it yourself. And because
there have been criminal Porto Ricans
here, it does not follow that all Porto
Ricans are criminals. AS a matter of
fact. the bad Porto Ricans or the plan
tations have been pretty well weeded
cut now, and those who are left are
among the best laborers we have"
Mr.. Wadman then concluded his
reading, and at its conclusion went on
to say that the Koreans were more
ignorant than dangerous. They had
been led into this crime through their
ignorance. going ahead to punish the
man who had stolen their money and
passports in true Korean fashion, with
torture.
DO you know anything about the
laws of Korea?' asked the Governor.
Very little answered Mr. Wad-
man, but there is a good deal of tor
ture connected with their enforce
ment''
DO they hang for such crimes as
this in Korea"
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1885-1921, 1906-04-17
AS TO DRUNKENNESS.

Il went very thoroughly into this
feature Of drunkenness at the trial.
said Mr.. Milverton, land the witnesses
were all positive that but one of the
convicted men was at all under the
influence of liquor. The bottle that
/ was sent to them might have held a
gallon. but it might have been only a
quart-and there We're seven men who
drank from it.
The victim, it seems. was given a
drink.
1T was true" Mr. Milverton said,
las MIR. Wadman claimed, that one Of
the murderers had at one time sug-
gested letting the victim go, but later
this man had apparently changed his
mind. and had delivered some of the
blows on the head that caused death.
The other two for whom Mr.. Wadman
specially pleaded. Chang Chi Yuel and
Kim Yong zee had twisted the VIC
TINS legs and kind1ed the fire on his
abdomen-whether it burned him or
not
Mr. Milverton read a lettr from Carl
Smith. attorney for the Koreans. who
said that he could advance no reason
why the sentence of the law should not
be carried out-in fact, who thought
that it was necessary for the good of
the community that it should be car
ried out.
Mr.. Wadman then made a plea once
more for mercy, saying that Koreans,
once they started down. would go much
farther and go nspeakabiy lower than
the japanese. They seemed unable to
stop themselves, as the Japanese could
And they were much given TO quarrel
ing among themselves after they had
drunk only one or two glasses of the
so-caled California wine.
DO you think that drunkenness
should be bar to punishment for
crirne?'' asked the Acting Governor
No" answered Mr.. Wadman. with
some slight hesitation. II do not-not
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1885-1921, 1906-04-17
LAWS OF KOREA.

81 am told that they do. L have
made some inquiry. These men had
the idea that by their confession they
would escape the worst of the punish
ment for their offense. 1t is in accord
with real Korean custom to get a con-
fesson from criminal by torture, and
sometimes the police in Japan resort
to the same method. 1 can assure
you, Governor that if the purpose of
the enforcement of the law in this case
is to give an object lesson to the rest
of the Korean community, that object
has been accomplished already. L
have never seen a people more sorry
than the Koreans are for what has
occurred. 1 am among them all the
time
Would you call the Koreans the
most ignorant people we have on the
islands, asked the Governor.
They are much more ignorant than
the japanese" Mr. Wadman answer
ed. These men We're among the first
Koreans landed here. L saw them at
Kohala, some time ago, and they were
then gambling and drinking. Mr.. Yu
warned these very men then that If
they did not mend their ways they
would get into trouble
They did not heed his warning,
them" asked the Governor.
The Governor then asked Mr. Matsu-
bara to give the Japanese definition of
the crime of murder, and was told that
il was about the same as the Amer
lean, being taken from the Code Ma
poleon.
Mr.. Wadman then went on to say
that the whole Korean community
had been impressed with the prompt
ress with which these men had been
brought to trial and convicted, the
more by reason of the contrast it made
with their own country where official
corruption was rife. Mr.. Wadman also
touched upon the fact that the men
were under the influence of drink when
the crime was committed.
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1885-1921, 1906-04-17
NOT ALL BAD.

lu, H. t, April 16. 1906.
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1885-1921, 1906-04-17
in all cases.

in all cases.
This virtually closed the hearing, al
though there followed some general
conversation on the case. The Gov
ernor. in parting with the gentlemen,
said that he would take the matter
under adviscment,
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1885-1921, 1906-04-17
ATRocIoUs BRUTALITY.

Mr.. Milverton said there was a con-
fiict in the testimony as TO whether the
victim had been burned by this fire. 1t
did not seem clear as to whether the
murdered man, whose hands were free
at this time, had brushed the fire off, or
whether the match had failed TO
kindle. At all events, these two, who
had twisted the mans limbs and who
had set the fire, were the two men for
whom Mr.. Wadman later made his
special plea for mercy.
In concluding his statement OF the
case. Mr.. Milverton read from the in
struetions of the court special clause
inserted at his instance to the effect
that men who had been wronged had
no right to take the punishment of the
offender into their own hands, and an
other stating the plain PROPOSE
ton of law that all the men who were
present at the time of murder We're
equally guilty, if they made no protest,
whether they had struck the blows that
finally caused death or not. The victim
of the Koreans, it appeared from the
medical evidence, was finally killed by
heavy blows on the head, struck by
only three of the murderers.
When Mr.. Milverton had concluded,
Mr.. Matsubara said that he was not
present in his official capacity to make
a plea for the men, and Mr.. Wadman
explained. preliminary TO his written
statement. that he had only come to ask
for mercy for the condemned men, in
behalf of the whole Korean community,
who were in mourning over the dis
grace that had come upon them be-
cause of the actions of these men. Mr..
Wadman then proceeded to read his
plea. which in its full text follows:
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1885-1921, 1906-04-17
GICAL IN IT'S POWER TO
RELIEVE PAIN.
RELIEVE PAT

Mr.. Lewis Rozario. Manager Of Mad
ras Coop. Stores. of Madras. India,
says: II certainly think Chamber
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1885-1921, 1906-04-17
THREE WENT AWAY.

This cook, on being asked, said that
the other was liar ard thief, that he
had never given him cent, and that
he, the cook, would kill him if he had
him there. The murderers then took
their victim in hand again, tricing him
up by his hands to tree this time, and
whipping him on his bare back.
Three of the nine Koreans who had
so far been present went away at this
point, and after the man had been
beaten some more a fourth went away,
this one the man who had so far been
the ring leader.
This man, however, sent down wine
to the other five, or at least some kind
of drink-a gallon of it, according to
Mr.. Milverton, although he was not
positive on this point-and bottle of
soyo, which the others proceeded to
pour into the thief's wounds. Soy IS
a kind of hot japanese sauce, of which
salt is one of the principal components.
After the victim had had the soy
poured into his wounds he was cut
down, and laid on the ground. At this
time two of the murderers are shown
to have put stick between his legs,
which were bound tightly together, and
forced the limbs far apart. 1t was said
by Mr. Milverton, although this did
not appear in the evidence, that one of
the man s legs had been broken in this
process These same two men piled
light brush upon the abdomen of the
bound man, and this was set on fire.
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1885-1921, 1906-04-17
WADMAN

Continued from Page u
that you should take an interest in
these matters.
The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1885-1921, 1906-04-17
MILvERToN's STATEMENT.

MILVE6ION > SIAiEMENT-
Deputy Attorney General Milverton
then made a statement of the story of
the crime from the records in the case.
1t is a story with which, in its essen
tial details, readers of the Advertiser
are familiar. There has at no time
been any claim that the accused men
did not commit the murder. They con-
said yesterday that they had been in
formed that these confessions would be
used against them, and have understood
thoroughly that there was no promise
of mercy. 1t appears, from these state
ments of the murderers themselves,
that the murdered man had stolen their
passports and some money from them,
and that they took the matter in hand
and proceeded to punish him them
selves.
The leader and instigator in this
course was the man who was subse-
quently convicted of murder in the Sec
ond degree, having been shrewd enough
to leave the others to kill the victim
after he had got them started at the
work. All this was embraced in Mr..
, Milverton s statement
1t seems that there We're nine
Koreans present when the victim was
brought in captive from the canefelds.
He was triced up by the hands in a
room in the Korean quarters of the
plantation at which the murder was
committed, and beaten with sticks. At
that time he told his tormentors that
he had sent the stolen money to a cook
on another plantation.
The Evening statesman. [volume] (Walla Walla, Wash.) 1903-1910, 1906-05-14
Newfoundland Sealing Good.

TORONTO, Ont, May 14.-Reports
lust given out by the government show
that the Newfoundland fisheries have
been a great success. Last year the
catch was 174,0O0. This season over
800. 900 were killed. An experiment was
made this year with a powerful iron
ship, and the ease with which she
smashed her way through the ice and
enabled the hunters to get close to
the sealing grounds has marked a new
departure in the methods Of the in
dustry which is the great event of the
early part of the year in Newfoundland,
and is said to give employment to S.
900 men.
The Evening statesman. [volume] (Walla Walla, Wash.) 1903-1910, 1906-05-14
EARTHQUAKE KILLS RACING GAME
Thomas Roman Says California Horse
men Are Shipping Stables to East
ern and Northern Points.

"The San Francisco disaster has
killed the racing game in California"
said Thomas Roman, owner of the
Pleasantown track, who arrived in
Walla Walla this morning enroute to
Dayton, where he will look after busi-
ness interests for a few days. Cali
fornia horsemen are scattering to all
parts of the United States since the
earthquake There will be very little
racing in California for another year
at least, and horsemen, realizing the
situation, are shipping their stables to
eastern and northern tracks in hopes
of recuperating their losses"
Mr.. Roman says the earthquake shock
was plainly felt at Pleasantown track,
which is located about forty miles from
San Francisco. The track and racing
stables sustained little damage, how
ever and the quarters are crowded with
horses being conditioned for the east
ern circuit. Horsemen are shipping
their stables as fast as they can secure
cars Mr.. Roman said that the disas-
ter will result in hundreds of Califor-
MIA horses being shipped to Oregon and
Washington to race an the northwest
circuit this fall.
The Evening statesman. [volume] (Walla Walla, Wash.) 1903-1910, 1906-05-14
JAMES M'GRATR BADLY INJURED
Horse PIayfulIy Kicks Out and Puts
Him in st. Mary's Hospital for
Repairs.

James McGrath, conducting an up
holstering establishment at 103 South
First street. was kicked in the groin
by a horse. one mile south Of the city
about o'clock last. night and seri-
ously injured. Mr.. McGrath was
brought to st. Mary's hospital immedi-
ately after the accident by Peter Veit.
proprietor of the Opera cafe.
"Mr. McGrath had just caught up
his horse and was leading it out of the
gate when. in a playful mood, 1t rush
ed past him and kicked" Mr.. Veit said
this morning Both Of the horses
hind feet landed squarely in McGrath's
right groin. The force of the blow
knocked him down and the pain rem
dered him almost unconscious. / plac-
ed him in my buggy and brought him
70 town as fast as possible
The Evening statesman. [volume] (Walla Walla, Wash.) 1903-1910, 1906-05-14
DRouTa IS BROKEN
Grain Crop Saved From Ruin by a
Generous Downpour OF
Rain.

The barometer in the weather bu-
reau did not today practice the deceit
of which it has been guilty three or
four times, during the past fortnight
and it's promise that there would be
rain within twenty-four hours was
realized, a generaus downpour begin
ming about o'clock. The barometer
fell rapidly since yesterday morning.
At midnight it registered 1885 and at
$3.50 this morning it stood at 2S62-
an unusually sharp decline. Forecaster
Newman was confident that rain would
result from this condition not later
than tomorrow morning. The deficien-
cy in precipitation since January l.
is 3.33 inches and for the month .69
inches-the greatest shortage OF mols-
ture for a similar period since the bu-
reau was established "a years ago.