davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1906-04-29

cept the loss of extras at the table, which
means fruit and coffee and absence from
the playground, which is to the boys a ter
rible calamity, for that is the nearest to
freedom they get during their ilnprison-
ment. The big yard Of the house is paved
and they nave the open air, and it is the
next best thing to playing in the street.
This last winter has been so mild that
there were only one or two days when
the gymnasium had to be transferred to
the house, which is one by taking the
furniture from the dining room and putting
the apparatus up there.
-Do they ever run away? They never
do, but truth compels the statement that
they often try to. They soon discover
that it is impossible, and give it up. There
is a man on watch all night, who makes
the rounds and sees that every bed is &C.
oupied, and if one is found vacant the
alarm is given.
cigarettes? With scarcely an excep-
ton every truant who is committed here
is a cigarette smoker. Sometimes they
are regular cigarette fiends. One boy
who came recently could not sleep aad used
to get out of bed and walk the floor
every night. After a while his training
tolda and he was all right.
AS soon az a boy comes here his hair
is cut close to his head, he is made to take
a bath and proper clothes are provided.
The boys get up at 9 o'clock, and they
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1906-04-29
A FORM OF PUNISHMENT.

and again it does not come just up to the
mark. AS soon as we can regulate this,
so that failures are practically impossible,
we shall be ready to make kno wn the process.
Then cheese makers all over the country
will begin to make this variety of cheese
and there will be on the market a Camem-
bert that will equal in every particular the
best imported cheese and be much less
expensive"
This French cheese besides being ex-
pensive has a life of only about two weeks,
when it is at its best, SO that it has to be
shipped from the French factories green.
For this reason Americans do not get the
best cheeses. Most of the Camembert
cheese on the market is either underripe
or overripe and not fit for the table, in the
judgment of the Wesleyan cheese experts.
Although the early cheeses Of this Wes-
leyan brand of Camembert were made in
the laboratory here at present the work
of actual cheese making is carried on at
the Storrs Agricultural Experiment Station
at Storrs, Conn, where there are better
accommodations for cheese making. The
meteorological study is still confined to
the laboratory here.
In making the cheese the curd is pre-
cipitated by means of rennet such as is used
by Yankee farm wives in ordinary cheese
making, and this curd is then put into
forms, filling them to a depth of about five
inches. After standing and draining for
some time the curd settles, reaching a thick
ness of abou one and a half inches.
Then the cheese is ready for the beginning
of the r~ipening process, which has been
the subject of years of studyin the Wesleyan
laboratory. In briefly describing this proc
ess, Prof. % said:
"The first change Affecting the ripening
ia the souring of the curd, which begins
while the cheese Is in the form. In the
course of two days the curd has become
hard and sour.
"The cheeses are then removed to the
ripening cellar. After a few days in the
cellar the moulds begin to grow upon the
surface. From this time until the end Of
the ripening period there is little visible
external change in the cheese. except in
the luxuriant growth Of moulds and in the
fact that during the later stages of the
ripening there commonly appears upon the
surface of the cheese a brownish red growth
which is likely to be moist and Shiny.
During the ripening the cheeses at
first become somewhat hard and resistant
when pressed with the finger. Later they
soften noticeably and when they approach
ripeness they are quite sort and yield
readily to the pressure of the finger. The
ripeness is determined chiefly by the soft
ness to the touch and is easily told by ex-
p%erience."
According to Prof. Conn the French
cheese makers nave never studied the
problem of cheese making to find what
bacteria and what different moulds cause
the cheese to ripen. They simply go ahead
and make the cheeses and the results are
almost always uniform. That is due to
the presence in the air in the cellars and,
in the judgment Of the Wesleyan
professor, possibly in the dishes them
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1906-04-29

1T seemst to a good many Of us that some
Of the trouble would be averted If it were
not for the ~stringenoy OF the child labor
law. which forbids them a vacation GER
tihcate, by means Of which they could do
some work In the summer time and also
be kept from the streets, which in itself
would be q blessing. II they could work,
then they would realize how much educa-
ton means and would probably be more
willing to finish their school course.
~And ordinary truants are sometimes
protected by their parents. There was
one woman last year who fought against
being separated from her boy with a tigers
ferocity.
"She would not submit, she would not be
reasoned with. She believed herself de-
votedly attached to her child-she was
really foolishly 30.
"When the boy returned to her after his
term was over she came and thanked us
for the good we had done him, stating
that he was an entirely different character
in every respect, obedient, respectful and
attentive, qualities he could never nave
gained from her training.
at is strange to watch and realize how
easily the boy is weaned away from the
home influences. When they first come
here they are oftentimes resentful, some
times terribly homesick; it is no uncommon
thing for a boy to cry until he is absolutely
incapacitated for his work. but soon another
bow comes along, invites him to come and
play a game Of hit the niger and in a
moment he is laughing and at ease.
There are no ~punishments inflicted ex-
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1906-04-29
IN Hi TRUANT SCHOOL
Temptations of Boys Who Won't Go to School
The Remedy

four couldn't make nine Just as we'll as
eight. He says to himself, 'Wot t'ell?'
and disappears.
Days after, sheepish, sullen, he is led
before a committee who, Of course, never
played truant and never knew the delight Of
shaking themselves free from the shackles
Of duty.
The period for which a truant may be
confined is a year, but unless a boy has a
bad record and is considered incorrigible
the full sentence is rarely carried out. Six
months Of good behavior and strict atten-
ton to rules will set him free,
Even if a boy has reached the age fixed
by law as emitting him to an employment
certificate, he cannot obtain it unless he
has graduated from the 5B grade and the
Truancy School has on its list boys Of 10
who have failed to pass this grade and have
sought to evade the law.
at is a difficult question to answer
properly" said Miss Leonard, the super
intendent, who conducted The sun re-
porter about the school. There are many
big families who really need the help Of the
boy, as for instance in the case in which
a mother is left a widow with a lot of hungry
mouths to feed.
"The boy often sins through a chivalrous
regard for his mother and for his little
brothers and sisters. He does not stop to
consider that every day he loses will be
more than made up to him later on when
he is better fitted to struggle with the prob
lens of existence. He wants to make a
little money right away.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1906-04-29

and when be does it lie because he has broken
his parole and has been returned to work
out the original sentence
This motto is displayed prominently:
Think the Truth. Speak the Truth. Act
the Truth D.,
THAT is the secret Of the training here
explained the pleasant voiced. sweet man"
nered superintendent. "When they come
here they simply will not speak the TRUTH
they absolutely cannot.
Il firmly believe 1t la fear that has made
liars of them, fear Of their parents, fear OF
their teachers, fear OF something or otheri
and as soon as they learn that they can
stand up and say right out what they
have done it is the beginning OF real
manliness.'
When they first come to the school all thu
little amenities Of life are practically un-
known to the boys. They do not know
how to use the napkins, the fork Is looked
upon as an affectation and the bath a waste
Of time. When they go back home they
take good habits with them.
There is no uniform required but so long
as the boys clothes have to be provided
dark blue blouses are found to be the most
serviceable and satisfactory in looks.
The most interesting of the many rooms
is the one where the manual training pupils
are taking lessons in carpentering. There
was one small truant when the reporter
called who had solved the problem OF per-
petual motion. He was running about
showing the key tag he had just made and
keeping an eye on the whole class to see
that everybody was attending to his busi-
ness.
He was the personification Of the idea OF
truancy. You could not, by any stretch
of the Imagination, picture him as anything
else Only the locked door and the barred
window could keep his quicksilver body
in one place.
BY his side, his senior by four years; a
tall, stolid boy who was two years behind
his grade presented another question. How
did he ever get animation enough to step
outside the groove Of daily habit and be-
come a truant?
"But there must be truant girls, said the
reporter after an inspection Of the dormi.
| tories where the little white beds attest the
skill of the makers.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1906-04-29

have until Z to wash, to dress and to run
outside in the playground. Breakfast is
at 7, and, incidentally, it may be mentioned
that when they first come they do not care
for the wholesome food provided, in par
ticular the cereals that are compulsory, and
until they learn to eat them they are de-
prived Of the extras. 1t is no doubt a
truth that many of the poorer children
go to SCHOOL hungry, for the food that is
given them at home is not nourishing and
is given irregularly.
Even with fresh milk and sugar in
abundance. the boys system revolts. at
first from the food placed before him, and
it is only after he gets thoroughly well,
after the cigarette smoke and other poison
have been eliminated, and he has been
strengthened by regular habits Of work
and by long hours of sleep that a normal
appetite is witnessed. If all the settle
ment workers and East Side patrons would
only get right down from the rose water
point Of view and attack the food question
they would discover the source of many
evils.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1906-04-29

is that the boy oftentimes, when he goes
back, skips one or two classes.
at might be mentioned that oftentimes
~truancy is fostered by the part-time classes;
a boy gets accustomed to staying out. An
officer perhaps comes along, asks him
what he is doing out of school, is told that
he is a part time boy, and the excuse goes
80 easily that he tries it again and again.
From o O'Clock until IL the boy is in
school with a short recess at 10. Dinner at
IL consists Of meat, vegetables and fruit.
Then comes study again until 8, then the
gymnasium for two hours. From 5 to Q
they can play or read the library books.
A $50 comes supper, then work in the
classroom, and bed promptly at 8. Once a
week there is a fire drill, and on Sundays
the boys have their one peep at the outside
world when they go into church, separated
according to sect, under the care of their
teachers.
Il can truthfully say that we have never
had what might be called a vicious boy
here, and we never have any trouble in dis
ciplining them. There is something in the
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1906-04-29
Steer Trained to Stalk Geese.

FROM INC D OUth 8 com punlOH.
In a number of counties lying on both sides
Of the Sacramento River. in the central por-
ton of California. the farmers are greatly
harassed every winter by the depredations OF
countless locks of wild geese, which swarm
over the broad grain fields and destroy the
young, sproutipG grainstalks. Indeed. so
serious has this annual invasion become that
nearly all the large farms have employees
who regularly patrol the fields and do nothing
but keep the feathcred pests on the wing.
One of the most novel blinds or stalkers
ever used in that section. or any other, for the
purpose of destroying the geese, is that of a
Colusa farmer who lives on the bank of the
Sacramento. He has a big red steer which
he has trained TO stalk geese. The steer walks
round a flock Of geese IN an ever decreasing
circle, his master. armed with n repeating
shotgun walking beside him., but on the fur
Their side from the flock.
The geese have become so used to seeing
animals grazing near that they pay no atten-
ton to them; so the farmer is enabled TO get
within shotgun distance and pour a broadside
into the flock while II Ia feeding on the ground,
and two more shots before the birds are out
of range when they rise.
This dumb hunter is held in great esteem by
Its owner and his family. II il needless to state,
and receives the best Of everything.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1906-04-29

It Ia the season of the Vanderbilt, when
tho small boy listens to the music of the
distant band, the sbrill call of the fire
whistle. the derisive yell of his contempt
rGfy, responds without knowing how or
why to the thrill of the spring; in other
words it is the time when the ruant School,
In East Tw~enty-first street, prepares for the
largest annual call on its our
Those versed in boy lore will not be
surprised to learn that the school, although
large, is by no means large enough to accom-
modate all the boys sent to it at this season,
and that the overflow has, to be sen to
Brooklyn, the Catholic Protectory and the
Westchestor Temporary Home. At the
present time there are registered seventy
children. which does not include those on
parole, 10 per cent. Of whom return.
There is nothing in the appearance of the
place to remind the truant that he is not a
paving boarder at a first class private
sohool-nothing except the locked doors.
Every opportunity is given him to reform
on his own account before he is finally sent
to the Truant School.
A great deal Of the truancy on the East
Side. it is stated, is due to the fact that
foreign born parents are ignorant of the
education law, n unable to read or write
English themselves are at the mercy of their
truant children, who intercept the postals
from teachers, write excuses themselves,
and by every means in their power con-
ceal the fact of their truancy. But ex-
posture comes at last.
Owing to lack of space in the truant
school, as we'll as to the desire 30 give the
truant every possible chance, the boy is
often allowed to attend school in some
other district, in the hope that a change
Of companions may effect a change of heart.
Also, it is found that truancy is sometimes
caused by a boys dislike of a teacher, a
form Of antipathy which nothing seems to
he able to %conquer-in this case, too, a
change Of school may be beneficial.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1906-04-29

selves over there, of the various bacteria
and mould growths that are necessary
for the perfection of the cheese, but which
are not circulating throu Oh the American
atmosphere.
The only way for American cheese makers
to get the desired germs into the cheese is
to inoculate the curd with the various
forms that Prof. Conn finds are necessary
to carry along the various stages of ripening'
In his study of the moulds on the imported
cheeses he found more han twenty different
varieties, but after experimenting with
these he learned that only two appeared
to be always present in the imported varie-
ties of cheese and seemed necessary for
a perfect cheese. These were the Camem-
bert mould and the Oidium loctis.
Briefly, the Camembert mould. in the
experience of Erof. Conn, at first increases
the acidity Of the curd inc then changes
and reduces this until when the cheese is
fully ripe the acid property has entirely
disappeared The softening Of the cheese
is also attributable to this mould.
Prof. Conn then looked to the Oidium
lactis as the mould that caused the flavor.
He worked on this proposition for months.
1t was found that in the last few days Of the
ripening season. when the cheese lost it's
acidity, scores of bacteria were present on
the rind and in the cheese itself.
The problem then was to find which Of
these bacteria associated with the mould
caused the flavor, and it is on this expert
ment that he has been working for the last
year or more When asked to-day for his
final conclusions on this point Prof. Conn
said 1.-THE fiavor proposition is the one
that has bothered lis recently. The mould
which I called Oidium lncts. which is gener-
ally called a mould but which is not exa city
that, is concerned in giving the flavor to
the cheese, but it is also associated with
other bacteria in giving this. The trouble
has been to get the right combination.
THAT is only a question of time. We
may be able to get it to-day, tomorrow
or perhaps not until next MONTH"
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1906-04-29

derive most of their point and style from
this treatment of the seams.
"To make up for this new trick, the trous-
ers are entirely without creases. The
fashion of pressing trousers with a crease
down the front was always American. 1t
had it's origin right here in New York.
Its utility was 80 great, however, that
some of the London talon adapted this
means of keeping trousers in shape. The
crease was never carried there to the eX-
tent that it was here, but London, never
theless, took to it kindly. Now all creases
coats.
Patent leather shoes. although they are
not directly in my line, are so striking that
they compel attention. None of them are
made now with plain tops. They must
have some color.
Tan and white have been voted too ordin-
ary. Now the men who think most about
dress try to get them to match their clothes.
So you will see men with patent leather
boots finished with suede tops the color Of
the suits they may be wearing.
Il saw them in gray, brown, dark green
and even in dark blue, ornamented with
white pearl buttons. In some cases dark
buttons we're worn, They, are made OF
white mother, of pearl or have a darker
shade, If required.
in hats the very light gray derby which
the hat makers tried in vain to introduce
here last spring is still fashionable. U.s.
ually they are worn with a black band.
Then there has also been an increase in
the number of brown derby hats. Perhaps
these gray hats have revived the taste
for light headgear. At all events one
sees many more brown hats now than there
we're a year ago.
Then there are for sporting wear hats
made of cloth in the shape of the alpine
hats. These need not be Of the same tweed
of which a suit is made, although some
men like to have them match. These hats
are not intended for wear in town, but are
for travelling, shooting and ever for motor
ing when the distance is not too long"
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1906-04-29

Highest Skill OF the T~aiior-Fancy Styles
in Dinner Coats and Black SILK Waist.
coats-Shoes With Colored Tops to
Match ones CIOthes-The Hat styles.
What are the smartest things you have
seen in mems dress this spring." THE Sun
reporter asked.
The tout for the Fifth avenue tailor
paused thoughtfully, while his Turkish
cigarette smoked between his fingers. He
was in the cafe of a Fifth avenue restaurant
when the reporter caught him. This is
one Of his lairs. The wealthy customers
of his firm who think they can savemoney
only by keeping away from the store often
drop in there. They like the tout, and after
a short conversation they are very likely
TO follow him home and, before they know
1t, order some Of the beautiful suits he dis
cusses. or course they are usually very
young when they fall victims so easily.
but Young men are the best customers OF
nest of the tailors.
The tout had evidently made up his mind,
for he puffed the cigarette again.
"All the time / was in London he said,
81 saw nothing so smart as a lightweight
overcoat worn there by a young chap of
title, who devotes more lime and money to
dressing than any other man in London.
1T is rather exceptional that he should
belong to the nobility. Most of the men
in London who spend their money on dress
are commoners. Sometimes they are
Founders of a very aggressive kind.
II saw this young mai during the first
week in April, the day before | went down
10 Liverpool to take the steamer. He had
on a silk hat, as men in London nearly al
ways do, whatever the hour of the day
NAV be. 1t was rather fresh and he wore
an overcoat.
This overcoat was really a triumph OF the
tailor's skill. 1t was made OF a deep brown
tweed, so rough that it almost looked like
a homespun. The color was a reddish
chocolate, so dark, however, that 1t showed
scarcely any color.
1T was a Chesterfield cut, rather close to
the figure, with a long seam down the back
and also two side seams 1t was long
enough TO fall just an inch or two below
the knee.
"Of course, ! know that everything here
is gray and will be for this summer but
there is rlready in London ample indica-
ton that the color next year will again be
brown. This coat came from one Of the
smartest tailors there and could be taken as
an indication OF what is to come.
1T was entirely plain, except for the
piping Of still darker brown velvet with
which it was finished. This was placed
on the sleeve to outline a false cuff.
THE lapels of the coat were edged with
this narrow line Of brown velvet. The
collar was Of the same material and not, as
usual, Of velvet. 1t was finished with the
dark velvet piping. This also ran down
the front Of the coat.