The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1906-04-29

ought to have bscome clear by this time
that the allies had to do with only rom
nInts of the French army. Nevertheless
not only Schwarzenberg but Langenau
declared that any advance upon Paris
would he in the highest degree an unmili-
tary proceeding. At this time there was
but little prospect Of a restoration OF the
Bourbons. Metternich, who wanted a
speedy peace, received very colby lhe
urgent emissaries Of the French royalists,
and the Emperor Alexander was also averse
to them, There we're few influential per-
sons in the allied camps who, at the be-
ginning Of 1874. regarded the reestaphsh-
ment of the Bourbon monarchy as the best
security for the peace OF Europe-outsioe
Of the English Tories, and even their rep
resentatives, Lord Clthcart, Lord Aoer-
deen and Lord Castlere lgh, allowed them
selves to be easily turned about by the
fe.r that, il too hard conditions OF pence
were imposed upon Napoleon, Russia might
acquire preponIerdnce in iurope. Har-
denbers himself, the Russian Minister, was
won over to favor the policy OF immediate
peace.
That the wal did not have this issue
was due to three men-Stein, who In the
downfall Of Napoleon perceived Simply IN"
atonement for immeasurable suherlnss
and outrages and the sole pledge OF per-
manent European peace: Count Minister.
who was controlled by his regard for the
cause of legitimacy. and Pozzo di Borgo,
who was actuated by a family feud against
the Bonapartes. They eventually carried
along with them the Emperor Alexander
who was likewise much impressed by
Talleyrand's communications respecting
the state of popular feeling in Faris. The
Gar became, too, exasperated against
Metternich, after his eyes had been opened
to the fact that the Austrians, while pro-
fessedly controlled only by military con-
eiderations, with regard to the march
through Switzerland. had concealed be-
hind these q secret aim to restore the CID
Swiss oligarchy. BEFORE long the delibera-
tions at Langres came to be 81 irited and
angry. Alexander declared that in the
event of its becoming necessary he would
continue the war alone; and, since the
King of Prussia promised his assistance,
Metternich and the British had to acquiesce
in the Cars conclusions. There now en-
sued a mutual modification Of views, which
finally led to the agreement that military
operations should be Immediately resumed.
but that at the same time peace negotiations
should be opened and pressed with earnest
ness. No longer, however, were the So
called natural boundaries Of France to
be thought Of, but it was decided to recur
to those Of 1892. Germany's independence
was to be secured by a league Of her sove-
reign princes, and Holland was to be en-
larged and replaced under the House Of
Orange.
Maps leon. on his Part, still believed firmly
in his abili' Y to defend himself, althc ugh
his hope Of being able to hinder the enemy's
advance into the interior had proved vain.
After committing the Government to his
copsort, the Empress Maria II Visa. for
whom he appointed a council, he left
Paris ard reached Chalons on January rs,
1914. His preparations for the camraign
Ct that year were still very incomplete.
| To the 162 600 which the Allies had avail
able for immediate action, he &C uld opp Sc
orly II 1000 men. Nevertheless, he began
with an apparent victory over Butcher at
! Brienne which, he viewer, in cur authors
| pir i'm, was in truth a failure and would
have been converted into a disaster had the
Prussiau General been supported by the
main army Of the Allies. Soon afterward
the French Emperor was attacked in turn
by Butcher, and on this occasion was seri-
cusly defeated, ]; sing sixty cannon. On
the other hand, abe ut the middle of Febru-
ary Napc leon, who by the accession Of
Is, OCO veterans from Srain as well as of
recruits and ~ra'i'ral guards, had raised
his army to 5000 men, fell on Blicher's
scattered forces, ard beat them in detail,
compelled the prussia1 commander to
evacuate Trcyes and to begin a retreat
which @ st him severe l7sses. 1hereupon
~Schwarzenberg also receded and stained
the main Austrian ar1ny at Arcis-sur"Aube.
Schwarzenberg, indeed, after the peace
congress at Cha i'll On had been opened a
second time, seems to have been 50 firmly
convinced that the sigring of a treaty Of
peace VIC uld come surely and quickly. that
he even c~njcined a cessa On of he $ ilities
on his own S ldiers. Nap leon, however,
irstead of selling the opportunity of con-
s Ida ing his res urces within the bound
aries of 1892, 4 awiting a more favorable
~conjunctuhe for regair ing scme of his
cid corques's, wi hdrew full powers from
his envoy, C~aulainoourt, and commanded
him to accept no terms withc ut his
Sovereign's express appreciation. The fail
ure of the negotiations at c a.illon had for
the French Emperor the fatal result of con-
vincing the Austriln Government that the
arrangement Of a peace with Napoleon was
imprlcticIble. From Austria. t.ereuron,
proceeded a propos ! for the alliance which
tho four Pow srs, Rlssil, Prussil, Austria
and Grelt Brit in, coacluiod on NJ lrch 1
at Chaumout, with the understanding that.
s'ould Napoleon accept for France the
boundari, % OF 1902, they were prepared to
sustain Linn on Lis throne, while otherwise
the contest a against him should be prosecuted
with the utmost energy. Ten days were
allowed for the accept lnce of this offer,
aud CAul ~.ilcourt coljlred his sovereign
not to throw this list chance aw ". Tie
successes obtained over Bilcher. however,
had m2de Napoleon deaf to the suggestio -
OF reason and mo isratiol. Ctul ii lcourt
ACCOMPLISHED at C ailloa all tlat WIS pos
sible for man and on the termination of the
prescribed ~i1tervll Of tins succeeded in
obtai1i1g t~lirty-six no lrs additional; but
on March 10 the rlenipotenti lries declared
their powers to have eX 1irsd. and the Con-
gress of C A.illo1 camo to an end on the
very day Wien Nlpolso1 aut IoriZ,d hi,
envoy to assent to the frontier Of II .. His