Pierre weekly free press. (Pierre, S.D.) 1889-19??, 1906-11-01


In Europe-The Highland. Lo>vland
and Irish Varieties.
According to the encyclopedia, the bag
pipe is Il wind instrument the fixed char
acteriStc of which has always been
two or more reed pipes attached to and
sounded by wind chest, or bag, which
bag has in turn been supplied either by
the lungs OF the performer OF by bel
| lows. The original instrument was pre-
| sumably the simple reed. or shepherds
! pipe which was well known to the
! 'Irojans, Egyptians, Greeks and Ro-
mans But the strain of blowing these
| ancient pipes was so great that some
genius conceived the idea of having
reserve supply of wind in bag attach
| ed to the pipes, and hence the bagpipe.
| The first real instrument is believed to
have been q skin OF a goat or kid, with
two pipes, through one Of which the
bag was inflated, the other emitting the
sound.
| In early times the bagpipe was com
| mon in Great Britain and abroad. AT
one time there We're five different kinds
! known Oh the continent, some inflated
by the mouth and others by bellows.
while in the British isles three kinds
We're known-the great highland bag
| pipe the lowland bagpipe of Scotland
(Which closely resembled the Northum
brian and the Irish bagpipe.
In the great highland bagppe, which
| originally had but one drone, a Waived
tube leads from the mouth to an air
tight bag which has four other orifces.
three large enough to contain the hasl.
Of three fixed long tubes. termed droneS
and another smaller to which is fitted
the chanter The three are thrown on
the shoulder. While the latter is held in
the hands. All four pipes are tilleG
with reeds. but Of different kinds The
drones are tuned by means OF sliders.
or movable joints. and this tuning OF.
!; preparation for playing, which general
~ occupies few minutes of the piper's
time before he begins the tune proper
is heard With imparence by those not
/ accustomed to the instrument. Indeed,
it gave rise to the saying. applied i'll
| Scotland to those who waste time over
| small matters, You are longer in tun
/ ing your pipes than in playing YOU"
i I tune"
I The Scottish lowland bagppe. like
the Northumbrian pipe was in two
/ forms. one consisting OF a smaller and
/ milder toned edition OF the highland in
/ | stlUmcnt and the other Il miniature of
! this ana having the same relation to ii
4 as the fife has to Il German band. Its
Il Ia, n
]. Ut the devotees Of the highland bagpipe
I Is that ii is unSuited to perform what
\ they consider the perfection of pipe mu-
{. 3c-the pibroch These small pipes
We're however. gemtler than the high
/ land. having the same tone, but less
soMorous. 1t was to the strains Of such
4 bagpipe that Chaucer tells US the com
y Dany Of pilgrims left London, and 1t is
the same instrument that is alluded tt
: in Shakespeare as the Lincolnshire bag
{ pipe
s The Irish bagpipe is the instrument il
its most elaborate form ana is supple.
: With wind by a bellows, The drone
are all fixed on one stock and have
keys which are played by the wrist o
he right hand The reeds are soft an.
lie tones very sweet anl melodiouS
nd there is a harmonious bass whic!
: very effective III the hands Of Il goo,
Layer. The Irish instrument is fas
Einw OUT
i,!le h&gppe, though At one time fair
connMon. never O t@ined Il firm hole
England II lost favor and graCllsH
dete:iorated until it is now p.,acti
ily extinct. The average English
an neither appreciates nor under
lands it. y famous poet irreverenti,
zee compared its notes to the shril
rccch ct Il lame goose caught j:
rll" W, lie another Ec"rtic writer lilg
S its sound 90 Il "hor:iblc noisy, ma
.sMn::.n'' or to tie cl..es of the 'eteI
ily t0"mcuted" Ta the Irish peopl
appeals moro strongly. They still
ssess in Il degree the feeling of al
rtmcnt to the bagppe which is S
General among ScotSmen. But it
Undoubtedly more closely associate
9Th Scotland, both in the highland
nd lowlanGs. than With any othe
country. the particular instrument i
use being the great highland bagpipt
which, as already explained. consist
of three drones including the bi
drone. which was added about the b.
~ ginning Of the last century. II is TIL
- type which has gradually supersede
the lowland pipe. There is no doul
. that the hagpipe was in use in SEQ
land from a very early period, and
is in Scotland that it has been hrougl
to the highest degree of perfection. Il
music distinctly connects ii with SEQ
land, as is clear in the pibroch. tt
strathspey. the reel. the march an
other popular melodies. There al
proofs that the instrument was cult
! waited in Scotland certainly in IL
- twelfth century and Of its uniyers
popularity as early as the fifteenth ce
fury, while in the seventeenth centul
nearly every town in the highlands ar
lia lowlands boosted Of its piper Londc
~ Globe.
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