Pine Bluff daily graphic., 1906-11-11

'0r N he I1r3 tL az llA .a ltttt l'4ii iti' du1Uatr# -Nmp+ uI the Amazon Ham5rd F. 'Hp -ilom C;umaHjs. or H.om =51e a2Ie-5GeedJu4 woodland ol Central America. All rhat is rc1lir= cd Of the yulcant" which is purchas- cd from the largest producer of the material in the United States, is that !it shai conform to certain eXac;ing standards. which engineering neces- sity has imposed.
 The same truth applies to the other clements of the rcceiver--aS to the permanent magnet made of q special grade of magnet steel, rolled ill Penn sylvania mills and bought for the New York factory in tifty-ton lots with sur prising frequency. In each erceiver the pole pieces at the end of the per magnet represent fine quality of what is known in the trade as Norway iron-though it is actually for the most part produced in Sweden. The paper insulation of the spools demand the finest kind of band made in the Berkshire hills, in the home town of the junior senator from MasSachu- Setts.
 Many q telephone subscriber has wondered what is in the center of the receiver. If he looked inside he would find there plummet, weighing about Onethird of d pOund-a small weight must reach q total of in the neiShbor hood of ,000, ,O00 pounds tied up in the receivers of the Bell system. Nearly all this is American lead mined in Illi- nois, Missouri and other states.
 Then there is the ferrotype dia- phragm, which conveys vibrations to the air It is simply very thin sheet of .japaned iron. In each of the bi polar coils are found 230 feet of mag net wire insulated with silk About 175 miles of this tiny thread is sent out daily, or more than enough in the receivers of one years production to stretch twice around the globe This wire is insulated with the best silk obtainable in the market The little brass screws used in the receiver do credit to the clever workmanship of the factories of Connecticut corpor- tion
 X similar tale is to be told of the contents of the transmtter, with diff ferences, for these two instruments, which are made for use of the com- panies of the Bell system. have, of course, differing characteristics. ac- cording to their employment. The for example, of the are no longer of Vulcan- ite. as they were some years ago. They are fashioned form a composition of the same general characteristics and appearance, but superior in certain respects for the purposes of the in strument Then, too. there is a dia phragm made of sheet aluminium. a metal the existence of which was pre- dicted by that strange Swiss genius Paracelsus. the last of the alchemists. who uttered a striking prophecy when he declared that the well-known min eral alum had metallic base. Three covered In the old days it's cost would have made it prohibitive for the purposes of the telephone manu- iacturer, for in 1S56 a pound of it cost $500. Today it is down to a point where it is less than twice as eXpen- Sive as copper, and where makers of the telephone are able to get the bene it of it's lightness and it's extreme due tilitN and maleabililN. It comes from Pittshurg.
 In the bottom of the transmitter are carbon electrodes and one also finds particles of a very fine quality of sranulal. carbon. which the Western Electric company manufactures for it's own Hses. This is one of the abso- mtelN essential eomponents.
 For the rest, there are in the trans hitter little rubber cushions and blocks and rubber bands as well as special springs which hold the dia- phragm in place. In the whole head, t hste engineers term 1t. one finds actually about one and three ei%hhs pounds of brass. Multiply that weight by 4l00 the number of transmitters turned out in a day, and that again by the number of working days in the wear, and you will get a formidable total one that helps to eN- plain why every copper mine in the United States is being worked to it's utmost capacitN, and why the brass manufacturers of the Nutmeg state are pressing into service all the skill ed laborers they ean secure.
 The outside stand of the transmit ter. which is uot counted in the inStru-