davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-11-18

All that is required to keep in perfect
health is to have the disease germs
destroyed, the blood purified and the
nerves and muscles restored to normal
condition. That is what "5-DROPS''
does. and that is the reason why it will
cure SO many different diseases. ~
Largo Size Bottle $500 Doses) $500. Por
Sale by Druggists. :. -
Ask your druggist for the Swanson PHI, q
sure cure for constipation. Price rs cfa
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-11-25
WARREN, MIMI, HIGH SCHOOL.
Glvnn Sinclair. Reporter

The program Friday greatly enjoyed by the high
school pupils and number Of visitors The trial
from the tsMerchant of Venice given.
The football game Saturday between Warren. and
Crookston was won by Warren by score of to O.
g. A. H. Cole received AZ votes and Governor johnson &C.
The basket social given Friday by the members Of the
cleared musical and literary program given
early in the evening.
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-11-25
BUFFALO, MIMI.
Mabel Noel. RepOrter.

The high school colors, orange and black, have been
changed purple and white many of the schools in
the county had chosen orange and black. -
The high school boys have very good basketball team
this and are winning their share Of victories.
A physical culture class has been organized by the
high school girls which meets three evenings week. i'm
mediately after school, ~:
Fifteen pupils have entered the school within the
last two weeks There five pupils in high
school now than there last year at this time
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-11-25

spondence The doctor threatens every year to visit
America, but SO far has made good his PROMISE
atho he is still bachelor. t'lm' sticks Australia
and Grand Rapids is the loser by it, for having turned
his mechanical genius to practical Inventions he
doing very well in Melbourne. Every little while Paul
face the street that is strangely familiar but
far Of the many friends he made on his evenfu trip
has come to claim his attention II =.
. 49,, .,@~s. (The End.) -" -: -. ,* =. =.
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-11-25

at the convention at Crookston. many pretty
pieces of work done by the primary classes with hin
among them some dainty rafa hammocks. ~ -
Mrs Caroline Auxer, the fourth grade teacher, has
been elected county superintendent of schools Frazee
scholars very sorry to lose Mrs Auxer teacher
but know that she will fill her Office to the benefit Of
all concerned Fs.r > - %.5.-.. :.
The second year German class is writing original
stories in German and enjoying the work. l.:
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-11-25
nnrApo1ls MnnrsorA SUNDAY MOANING NOVEMBER Is 1905

pinned his reporters inward re-
solve to be true his ideals allow personal preu
dices to bias his writings and to strive always to tell the
truth. In this he has remained steadfast atho with
out many struggles and temptations to secede. In Mr.
Wilder he retained friend, who always glad
to give kindly advice to the youngster whom he had
caly indicted into journalism and whose welfare
he closely watched. :. - -. |.- III.
With DR.. Tolman Paul maintained faithful CORE
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-11-25
$751; WADENA, MINI.
Berenice K. Boss. Reporter.


Last Friday, just the Cesar class settling down
The Sups took their places Immediately and in thirty
two seconds the school house empty This pretty
good for of the classes up the third floor
There fire. the alarm having rung for fire drill but
the pupils were complimented the orderly way in
which they left the building ... ~ Il II
Wednesday afternoon the sophomore English class de-
bated the question: RESOLVED That city life is more ben
efcal than country life The affirmative won. Friday
afternoon they debated again the proposition Our
school should have gymnasium There were four
the negative side and six the affirmative The debate
one. Each side made ten good points but as
refutations Of those negative side better
the debate was decided in their favor ~
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-11-25
BAGLEY, MINI. ....... : -
Ora Stokes, Reporter. IS

cabinet grand piano has been purchased for the
assembly 49, - -. ~..%
literary society has been organized and held it's first
meeting Nov. q The constitution read by Professor
How and arranged for by Miss Gbertson.
new laboratory has been added to the school this
year for the use of the chemistry class. -
The eighth grade and high school boys and girls have
organized basketball teams: They will play indoors dur
ing the winter months. : : .'~G... j.. : - =:
For the first time it's history, the Bagey school
has four-year course in high school. -
reading club has been organized and good supply
of papers and magazines purchased for the Of the
teachers and pupils during their leisure. 49,
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-11-25
PEMBINA, N. D.
Henrietta Con1ny, Reporter

Henrietta Con1ny, Reporter
spelling match has been arranged for next week
the six best in the st. Vincent high school, There
will be both written and oral contest program
will also be given ...s-.
The high school football team played the town team
Tuesday and beat them by of IL to 0. --..
Sewing is being taught for the first time here the
fifth and sixth grades. :. = ...~.- ...~.. : -.
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-11-25
BENSON, MINI.

~ Wilbur K Bates, Reporter. r. =
The literary society held it's first meeting in the school
building Friday evening, Nov g. small admission
charged for the benefit Of the football team and the
following program given Piano solo, Mabel Olson; reci
tation Mary Hanley; vocal duet Lillian Miller and Carrie
Bowers; recitation Alice Edminston piano solo, Leora
Houck; address, Mr. Champain piano duet Clara Hunter
and Gladys Johnson reading of High School Tatter,''
by Elizabeth Thornton. The program much enjoyed
by those present. especially the address by Mr. Champan
the county attorney on "The Advantages Of Having
Literary Society,": <:z=*@z 49, ...-~ ..E.~>
On Thursday, Nov. 49, large high school chorus
organized and music given them to learn All the
pupils pleased, for need has been felt for long
time for something similar to this. " r..
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-11-25
VS. From the Schools, BY Journal Junior Reporters
BRYANT.
Frances Feesser. Reporter

MI. Phillips, superintendent of the Albert Lea schools,
and three four Of the teachers visited Bryant school
this week and took many specimens of the work away
with them *.......
Mrs. Nellie Blessing Eyster and her niece Mrs c. q.
Harvey of California, visited the school recently The
pupils of sang and Mrs. Eyster said it was the
first time in her eastern visit that she reminded Of
holds position the board of education of California
and is the author Of the book, Colonial Boys Mrs.
Eyster much appreciated visitor and added greatly
to the enjoyment Of lessons in different rooms by interest
ing Of travels regions that being studied
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-11-25
HARRISON.
ina e. Sullivan. Reporte

room, Harrison school, held its first meeting Oct IT,
1906. Mr. Forsel acted chairman. Officers elected
Pue vice presidents Frances Wilbur secretary; Arthur
Johnson treasurer The president appointed committees
to draft bylaws choose club colors and select
Demonstration has not yet been adopted the coors
the chosen, but all will be decided at the next
meeting. =" '/< ~ -.
The seventh cooking class has been receiving excel
lent Marks plus generally. E. u +. -:
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-11-25
FERGUS FALLS, MIMI, HIGH SCHOOL.
Fuller Bishop, Reporter.

Mr., Griffith the tragedian, spoke at morning exer-
cises Monday, on ''Macbeth'' and Richard ILL.,
The Phi Kappa literary society gave the following pro-
gram at the regular meeting Tuesday night Piano solo,
Olive Johnson recitation Florence Leach; vocal solo,
Katherine Rush, Incident Abroad, ~ Miss Smith, and
whistling duet by Nan Frankovitz and Janet Duncan
The Forum literary society gave the following pro-
gram at the regular meeting, Wednesday evening" Piano
solo, Julian Johnson; address, Physical Science Clar
ence Chrstenson humorous recitation Ford johnson;
address, - Socialism, Homer Borst; paper on "Democ-
racy, Joe Liedl; discussion of democracy by Walter
Unger Gustave Patterson and John Fabian selections by
the glee club. - .~ IT,: ~
The high school enrolment has reached the highest
point in its history 227. =. ..~. !: -
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-11-25
.MILBANK, S D.

Donald A. Thomas Reporter g.. r. IA
During the season Of 190607 the Mlbank high school
intends to give entertainment course the proceeds of
which to 60 toward furnishing the gymnasium. The
entertainers Nov. 10, James B. Watson; Dec. 20,
Ferguson's Dixie Jubilee Singers; JAN IL, Ash Davis,
cartoonist Feb. 25 Frank Nye April IS, Chicago Ly-
Ladies' The is the best that could be had,
and it is hoped that it will be success -. -.
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-11-25
PRESCOTT.
SUMNER.

Edna Healey, Reporter. -
There has been quite number of visitors at Sumner
for the past two weeks among them Miss Rudolph who
visited Miss Eaton Miss Rule who visited Miss Mason
teachers from Mason City, Iowa, who
ested in primary work. -
The spelling books have arrived and pupils now
earnestly trying to the semester work before
the end of the term 81. + ~. AsEss# =
The Sumner school football team is building up good
record under the coaching Of Dan Casey. -N~-s-*
The pupils Of room visited the capitol last F~ilay
afternoon. ~%~*. II. ~
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-11-25
: ARGYLE, MINI.
Harold B. Mckay, Reporter.

Friday afternoon Nov g. the sixth seventh grades
More Useful Than Coa'' The affirmative side won. -
The civcs class also had debate upon the question,
Resolved, That United States Senators Should Be
Elected by the People, The negative side won. = "
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-11-25
EAST HOPKINS, MINI.
Mortimer Dyer. Reporter.

The school had debate last Friday the subject,
(Which is best, country life city feg' The decision
was in favor of the negative. s=->=@
Quite number Of new library books have been re-
ceived 97S
large number of pupils given half holiday last
Friday for not being absent tardy
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-11-25
FAIRFAX, MINI.
Katherine Hinderman. Reporter

: Katherine Hindernan, Reporter.
The Fairfax football team played the New Ulm team
Nov 49, on the Fairfax grounds. The game favor
Of New Ulm -. : ...=> ~ H.. a7
The Morton basketball team met the Fairfax team
Nov 10, the local grounds The II to IL
in favor of Fairfax. = III ~, =" -. '.*.
A basket social given Nov. in thesschoolhouse,
under the direction of teachers The proceeds which
about 49, used furnishing the teachers rest
-. >s:a, " 4. = -.
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-11-25
CHAsKA, MINI, HIGH SCHOOL.
Anna M. Trielof, Reporter

The students Of the sophomore and junior English
classes and also those of the history class have in
duged in several debates during the last few weeks,
which they found very interesting Some of the topics
for discussion have been Resolve That capital punish
ment should be abolished'' and Resolved That fire u.s.
and has BEEN more beneficial to mankind than writing
tce some of the songs thoroly. =: -.
An exhibition of reproductions Of pictures by great
artists held in Chaska Tuesday afternoon evening"
The proceeds of this exhibit be spent pictures
decorate the walls of the high school graded school
hni16 :
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-11-25
WASHINGTON.
Morris Friedman. Reporter.

MOTHS FT1ednlan, Reporter. =
Many visitors have been at Washington school this
week, among them being Miss Hasrick and Miss Rogers
Of Northfeld Mimi, on Monday, Nov y; Miss Weed Of
the Sidney Pratt Tuesday, Nov 49, Miss Peterson
Horace Mann, Thursday, Nov. IS; Miss Clark Miss
Leonard and Miss Eckert Of Heron Lake. MIMI on Fri
day, Nov. 16.
The and A eighth grades had spelling contest on
Friday, Nov 49, lasting from 1880 to Il O'clock The
contest was won by the B eighth. z
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-11-25
DEEPHAVEN, MIMI.

- Reporter =
The fifteenth of October found the Deephaven scholars
in the schoohouse They had been before that
as the school building being raised and two
added. 1t is fourroom building, tho only two
in yet, the other two not being completed It
rather uncomfortable having two teachers in room
but it is better than tents S. -,
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-11-25
FRAZEE. MINI.
Mabelle Hamilton. Reporter.

The fourth grade preparing pretty little plays
for Thanksgiving One is the 'Turkey Drill - and an
other the 'Ped Piper. The costumes very pretty
and the children horoly enjoy the rehearsal They
invited the sixth grade to their. entertainment a.
Professor Rudolph Geser spent Thursday and Friday
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-11-25
COKATO, MINI.
Ruth e. Olson, Reporter.

Many gueiN5 present at the meeting Of the it,
erary society last Friday evening Jean Ingelows Song
Of Severn was recited before the debate. =,
The boys have been fitting out part of the basement
gymnasium Great results hoped for.
Miss Latham, reader, gave fine program here with
some numbers provided by the school, Several Of stod
lectures have been bought with the Of the
entertainment ---- -
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-11-25
- ). =. LOGAN. - y.:
; Constance M. Patterson, Reporter.

. = = =
Several of the teachers of Logan school have had Wis
ing days. while teachers from other schools have visited
the Logan Thursday, Nov 49, Miss Pratt of the Pea
body school, Miss Featherstone of the Simmons, and Miss
May Frye of the Calhoun visited the building.
The eighth grade pupils preparing to leave roll
top desk for the principal Office class memorial
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-11-25
=. MONTICELLO, MINI. ..
Harold Comaford, Reporter.

Friday morning Nov 1e, Mrs. Maud O. stockwel,
president Of the Minnesota Woman s suffrage movement
gave twenty minute talk the start growth past and
present condition of in the old and new worlds
Wednesday morning Nov. Il, the literary society for
1906 organized with Jonas sande, president; Cora
Bertram vice president and Sadie Parker secretary It
decided not to divide the into two sections
done last year. but to have committee prepare
for each Friday afternoon The program given this
Jonas sande Vocal solo, Grace Moore; essay ICON.
santine,'' Blanche Tennyson essay, samuel Johnson,
Eva Sherwin essay, t'Savonaroa,' Bessie Peterson;
piano solo, Miss Brown; essay Lord Byron, " Jessie
Brasie Miss Vesta Kingsbury critic.
After the regular program Rev Mr. Eston gave short
talk which was enjoyed by all present.
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-11-25
CALHOUN.

Clarence Spargo Reporter.
The Calhoun school has orchestra of which it
proud They receive lesson each week from Professor
Zedeer It consists of Harriet Forbes, Louise Smith,
piano. walter Anscheutz, Ralph Cornwall Alexis Capp,
Gottfred Ong vioins; Laura Beckrum George and Carl
Lest, mandolns Chester Brown and Floyd B. Langdon,
drums. ! --,- -'
A room is very proud of the Journal Junior picture
won by Dorothy Root. 49, 49,.
There seventy little people in the Calhoun kinder
garten. It is taught by Miss Willis and Miss Hewitt
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-11-25
TIT JouRNAL JUNIOR,

with instructions report duty city editor the
following Monday. AS the lad retired Mr. Wilder ex
claimed under his breath: dangerous experiment,
allowed, but it is the making of him. r -e": !
The story Of Paul's first adventures ends here The
chronicle of his experiences reporter and later of his
newspaper will be duly unfoded in the story,
On Special Assignment which is to begin serial pub
LEGATION next week. But may be said that when he first
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-11-25
MOTLEY.
Jessie Dawson. Reporte:

Jessie Dawson. Reporter
The Of the clubs recently organized in the upper
grades of this school ::~.= .--E =
A Room-Lttle Chronicle club 49, -
Room-Lttle Searchers J.:
Room-Little News Gatherers.
Room-World Readers
E Roon-Wide-A Awake club T
All suitable titles.
The members of the orchestra, who Margaret Sails
bury, Margie Zeno Harriet Dane, Dorothy Bryant
Earnest Thompson received gold pins bearing the initials
M S. o. reward for the faithful work done by
them in the orchestra.
The Jim Key Band of Mercy Of H held Of the
best meetings held in their Beside the many
interesting stories told by the children, Rapeer spoke
to them and altogether "The Brownies had fine meet
ing. =. =.
The Jim Key Band of room is working to procure
certain animal pictures for Miss Colby teacher Of
sion school at Leech Lake Indian reservation.
g. PRESCOTT
-.-' Edith Wennerbloo1n, Reporter.
The boys of Prescott have oldfashioned footballs
the divided into different sides game
every recess.
"A spelling contest has been going every Friday III
Of the rooms and has held the honors for
three weeks
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1906-03-02
West Haven Farmers Club.

Saturday, February 10 the West
Haven Farmers club, together with
a number of invited guests, received
a cordial welcome at the pleasant
home of Mr.. aud Mrs. A. w. Splitter.
After a social hour, a bountiful
dinner was served, to which all did
ample justice.
During the dinner hour the Misses
Day, Hills and Splitter favored us
with some very fine music.
Immediately after dinner the meet
ing was called to order by the presi-
dent. After the usual opening exer-
cises, roll call was responded to by
quotations. There were four fam
lilies absent.
Among the visitors were Mr.. and
Mrs. VIM. Splitter, Mr.. and Mrs. AL
mond Splitter and daughter, Mr.. and
Mrs. Day and daughter, Mr. and Mrs.
Ryon, Mr.. and Mrs. Joseph Smith,
and Mrs. Tagg.
Ethel Hill recited a humorous Sc
lection in a pleasing manner.
Mrs Gassman read q selection en-
titled 'The Boyhood of Lincoln" a
recitation, Irish Coquetry," by Will
lie Hills, caused considerable merri-
ment. Irving and Susie Hills gave
an instrumental duet, after which the
Association topic, pending national
legislation in which we are interested
as farmers, and reasons for our con-
certed actions, as clubs, in their be-
half Wac dicnnccnd After cnna
discussion of the railroad rate bill
and the reduction of the tariff on
sugar, it was decided to carry the
subject over to the next meeting.
"Are the mail order houses a bene-
fit to the farmer?" Mr.. Splitter
thinks that the catalogues are of ed
ucational value as regards prices, and
that many things can be purchased
much cheaper through the mail or
der houses than at home. Mr.. OFT
thinks we should patronize our home
merchants and by so doing, help to
build up the bsiness centers of our
own localities.
Irving Hills read well-prepared
paper about what 1 Saw in Ian
sing"
After an instrumental solo by Miss
Luella Hill, and duet by Mrs. Almond
Splitter and daughter, Lena, we ex-
tended a rising vote of thanks to
our host and hostess for our enter
and adjourned to meet with
Mr.. and Mrs. r. Wiedman on the
third Saturday in March.
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1906-03-02
Probate Court.

In the matter of the estate of Anna
E. Harris, mentally incompetent per.
son, HI. b. Van Lew was appointed
guardian over the person and estate.
The estate will be appraised by T. J.
Hicks and G. G. Woodman.
In the matter of Carrie Deacon, an
INDECENT insane person, order was made
admitting said patient to the asylum at
Pontiac Drs. Hume and Norris were
the examining physicians.
Jay M. Wetheral, a minor, was
adopted by Mr.. and Mrs. Myron o
Elwell and name changed to Jay Ny
ron Elwell.
L. G. Kanouse has petitioned for the
probate of the will of Charles H Nc
Queen, deceased, late of Burns town
ship, said petitioner having been named
as executor of the will. Deceased left
an estate valued at $4,000. Hearing
March Goth.
Esther Kinney Hayes has filed her
objections to the probate of the will of
her mother, Esther Kinney, deceased,
late of Antrim township. Value of es-
tate $4,000. w. J. Parker appeared for
the contestant.
Claims were heard before court in
the estate of Ruth Phelps, deceased,
late of Owosso.
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1906-03-02

A theatre to seat $50 people, will be
erected at ironwood at q cost of $780,
coo The people of the city have al.
ready subscribed $4,000 for tickets at
$40 each for the opening performance.
The balance to be furnished by George
Curry and an associate.
Mrs. Mary Dunn of Parma, died at
the Owosso Junction house Saturday
OF apoplexy shortly after she was
taken from the southbound Ann Arbor
train. She was en- route from Mt.
Pleasant to Parma. The remains were
taken to her nome.
Frank Waters, of Battle Creek, ~
years old, mulatto pianist and singer,
cut his throat Monday night with n
razor. No reasons are given for his
act, but Waters was so determined to
,Iie that he fought with the neighbors,
who attempted to interfere.
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1906-03-02
Real Estate Transfers.

c. Reakling to N. Harris 1t. on sec.
"a, Owosso, 5000.
F. Street to o. Augsburg and wife,
pit. 1t. 5, blk. 2S, Corunna, $3.50.
w. Mcbride to A. Wisner, 1t 4,
blk. Brands Sd add, Durand, 5000.
j. Brand to A. Wisner, 1t. 5, blk.
8, Brands Sd add, Durand, $3.50. :
N. Stone to j. Stone, pit. S. e. II
sec. 35, Bennington, $4,000.
F. Ramsey to j. Bishop, 1t. 1, blk:
4, Gales add, Morrice, $500.
j. Fitch to M. Graves, 1t 10, blk.
Ia, ID. l.. Co.'s I'd add, Durand, SITS.
G. Williams to G. Kurtz, pit. S. e.
u and pit N. e. Il sec. "a, Wood
hull, $4,000.
G. and A. Wing to A. Trowbridge
and wife, w. " N. " N. E. n and
pit, S. e. Il sec. IA, Perry, $4,000.
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1906-03-02
Beware of Ointments for Catarrh that
Contain Mercury,

as mercury will surely destroy the sense OF
smell and completely derange the whole svs.
tenn when entering 1t through the mucous sur.
faces. such articles should never be used OK
cept on pre- options from reputable physicians,
as the damage they will do Is ten fold to the
good you can possibly derive from them. Halls
Catarrh Cure. manufactured by +. j. Cheney g.
taken internally, acting directing upon the
blood and mucous surfaces of the system. In
buying Halls Catarrh Cure be sure you get the
genuine. 1t Is taken internally and made in
Toledo, Ohio, by F. j. Cheney q Co Testimon-
ials free.
Sold by Druggists. Price Zoe. per bottle.
Take Halls Family Pills for constipation.
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1906-03-02
ShiaWassee.

Miss Fannie Clary, of Battle Creek is
home for a two weeks visit-Miss
Lucy Johnson is at home from Durand,
where she has been since last fall
Michigan Central fireman George
Morris, of Detroit, is spending a few
days with his parents and sisters here
Miss Ethel Mcconnell was obliged
to leave school on account of sickness
Mrs Earl West is very much better
Will Jones, of Vernon, was in this
section last week selling nursery stock
for an eastern firm---Goldie Clary visit
ed in Owosso during last week-H G
Moore has lately purchased a farm
engine-One of Alfred Jackson's
children is very sick-Miss Electa
Disness, of Pittsburg, is visiting at
Clarence Billiards..