The ranch. [volume] (Seattle, Wash.) 1902-1914, 1906-04-01

| is done by this pest, we can SClll ndhe
good money in raising apples, notwith-
standing the expense of fighting the
| pest and the loss of part of our crop
Then there is another fact that
must not be overlooked. The thor
oughly up-to-date man who persistent
ly and intelligently fights the codling
moth will succeed, while the slovenly
careless man with slip-shod methods
will find that he is losing money and
will, in not a few cases, quit the bust
ness. The right man, therefore, will
only succeed the better by reason of
having to combat this pest.
1t is evident that it is a most i'm
portant thing to know how to combat
the codling moth in order that the
per cent. of loss may be reduced to
the minimum. The writer, after many
years of experience in conducting
large commercial orchard in one OF
our warm valleys on the Pacic coast,
recommends the following remedial
agencies: Spraying frequently and in
diligently, banding the trees, practic-
ing clean culture, picking and burying
the wormy apples, protecting the
birds, raising many chickens and Civ
ing them the range of the orchard,
and thoroughly fumigating the pack
ing sheds and cellars in the spring of
the year.
In spraying we must use some form
of arsenic. The following compounds
contain arsenic in greater or less de-
gree: Paris Green, London Purple,
Arsenate of Soda, or lime( and Arsen-
ate of Lead. London Purple was at
one time quite extensively used, but
is now almost entirely discarded. This
is owing to the fact that it varies so
in the per cent of arsenic it contains
that we cannot know how strong our
solution is unless we have each batch
analized. Paris green has been more
extensively used than any other form
of arsenical poison. Good Paris green
contains over so per cent of pure ar
senic in combination with the acetate
of copper. This compound is insolu
BILE in water and ordinarily will not
burn the foliage but there are some
exceptions to this, notably in the Pa
jaro valley, California. The authori
ties differ as to the amount of Paris
green to be used. Many say we should
use one pound to $50 gallons of water,
but the writer prefers one pound to
100 gallons of water About three
pounds of lime should be used with
each pound of Paris green.
The arsenate of soda is made by
boiling one pound of white arsenic
with four pounds of salsoda. Put
these ingredients into one gallon of
water and boil till they are complete
ly dissolved which will be done in
from twenty to thirty minutes. Re-
place the water that has boiled away,
so that there shall be just one gallon.
From two to three pints of this mix
ture should be used with each hun
dred gallons. Lime should be used
as with the Paris green. The writer
prefers to use three pints with the
hundred gallons The arsenic can be
boiled with lime instead of salsoda
and then we have the arsenate of
lime. Most of our best Informed men
prefer the arsenic-salsoda compound
to the arsenic-lime compound.
The arsenate of lead is now in great
favor and in many sections is taking
the place of all other arsenical COM
pounds. This compound consists of
the arsenate of soda combined with
the acetate of lead. On account of
the difficulty of preparing this mate
rial by the grower it is recommended
that he buy it already made. 1t can
be bought as "Disparene" or as Swift's
Arsenate of Lead. The experiment
stations in a number of the states
and numerous fruit growers in diff
ferent parts of the country recon-
mend SWift's Arsenate of Lead in
preference to Disparene and all other
forms of this compound. The writer
has tried it and joins in this recon-
mendation.