davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Paducah sun., 1906-03-12

How often do we hear women say: at
seems as though my back would break, .
or Don't speak to me, / am all out of
sorts'p These significant remarks prove
that the system requires attention.
Backache and "the blues" are direct
symptoms of an inward trouble which
Will sooner or later declare itself. II
may be caused by diseased kidneys or
some arrangement of the organs.
Nature requires assistance and at once,
and Lydia r. Vegetable Com
pound instantly asserts its curative
powers in all those peculiar ailments of
women. IL has been the standby of
intelligent American women for twenty
years, and the best judges agree that
il is the most universally success
full remedy for woman's ills known to
medicine.
Read the convincing testimonials of
Mrs. Holmes and Mrs. Cotrely.
Mrs. &c. Holmes, of Larimore, North
Dakota, writes:
Dear Mrs. Pinkham:-
IL have suffered everything with backache
and female trouble-I let the trouble run on
until my system was in such condition that
| was unable TO be about, and then IL was |
commenced TO use Lydia Pinkhams Nege-
table Compound. II | had only known how
much suffering l would have saved should
have taken it months sooner-for few
weeks treatment made me well and strong
My backaches and headaches are all gone and
l suffer no pain at my monthly periods,
whereas before l took Lydia L. Pinkham's
Vegetable Compound suffered intense pain. y
Mrs. Emma Cotrely. 100 East i2th
Street, New York City, writes;
Dear Mrs Pinkham:-
Il feel II my duty 10 tell all suffering women
Of the relief | have found in Lydia +. Pink
The Paducah sun., 1906-03-12

The local /. c. wrecker was sent to
Princeton this morning to pick up
several derailed cars. The wrecking
crew has been out continuously for
more than a week and had Just re-
turned when called out again.
The Paducah sun., 1906-03-12

Galesburg, III March 12.--HeleL
Bertram, leading woman of "The
Gingerbread Man" company, which
is playing here. tainted at the tele-
phone in her hotel when informed
# the death of her husband, Ed
ward J. Morgan, the actor. She re-
mained unconscious for more than
an hour.
The Paducah sun., 1906-03-12
EarthauaI<e In India.

Lahore, India. Mar 12.-An earth
quake occurred at Simla and 1t is
stated many buildings were demolish
ed. eight persons killed and twenty
six injured.
The Paducah sun., 1906-03-12
Morgan Known Here.

Edward j. Morgan was known in
Paducah. Two seasons ago he ap-
peared in "The Eternal City" at
The Kentucky theatre, and won
many admirers.
The Paducah sun., 1906-03-12

hams Vegetable Compound. When COM
menced taking the Compound l suffered
everything with backaches, headaches, and
female troubles. L am completely cured and
enjoy the best Of health, and I owe it all
10 you"
When women are troubled with irreg-
ular. suppressed or painful periods.
weakness, displacements or liberation,
that bcaring-down feeling, infamma-
ton of the female organs. backache,
bloating Tor flatulencel general de-
bility, indigestion and nervous prostra-
tion, or are beset with such symptoms
as dizziness, faintness, lassitude, excit.
ability, irritability. nervousness, sleep
lessness, melancholy, "all gone" and
want-to- o-be-left-alone feelings, blues
and hopelessness, they should remem-
ber there is one tried and true remedy.
Lydia L. Pinl<ham's Vegetable Conn
pound at once removes such troubles.
No other medicine has such n record
OF cures of female troubles. No other
medicine in the world has received this
widespread and unqualified endorse
ment. Refuse to buy any substitute.
The Paducah sun., 1906-03-12
Headaches and Neuralgia From Colds

Laxative Bronno Qninine, the world wide eold
aud Grip Remedy, removes the cause. Cali for
the full nsme and look for the signsture OF Il
Grove, 7Sc.
The Paducah sun., 1906-03-12
A GUARANTEED CURE Foep,Lrs

Itching, Blind, Bleeding Protruding Piles.
Druggists are authorized to refund money II
PAzo OINTMENT falls to cure in to "a days
Socents.
The Paducah sun., 1906-03-12

A man would have to have mighty
mighty little sense to fulfill the ex-
pectations of his children.
The Paducah sun., 1906-03-12
FREE ADVICE TO WOMEN.

Remember, every woman is cordially
invited To write to Mrs. Pinkham IL
there is anything about her symptoms
she does not understand. Mrs. Pink
ham is the daugh OF Lydia T..
Pinkham, her assistant before her de-
cease, and for twenty-five years since
her advice has been freely and cheer
fully given TO every ailing woman who
asks for il. Her advice and medicine
have restored TO health innumerable
women. Address, Lynn. Mass.
The Paducah sun., 1906-03-12

The life of a loafer is not worth
living.
The Paducah sun., 1906-03-12

Ask Mrs. Pnkham Adye-A Understands womans Ills
Devils Lake inter-ocean and Devils Lake free press. (Devils Lake, Ramsey County, N.D.) 1905-1909, 1906-04-13
Settlers | hank
Max Bass

Maxbass, N. d i, April IL.
Settlers are taking advantage Of
the portunity and are giving
Max Bass, ilnnig grafton agent Of
the Great North fern railway COM
4paDy, such an ovation as but few
persons have received iii North
Dakota before. At every stop
Iof the seed train special Oh the
Great Northern the genial i'm
migration agent has been enthu-
5siastical1y received by the set
tiers, many Of whom he was in
strumental ia bringing to this
country God bless you, Mr.
Bass for bringing me here, q
many Of the settlers have shout
eel Governor Sarles, who is al
50 with the seed train, IS diyid-
ing lonors with Mr.. Bass ia
being elthusi lily received.
The governor has been greeted
AT every stopping point with
marked attention t many
towns the governor has been
obliged TO respond ko reuuent
demands and deliver. ali al dress.
Devils Lake inter-ocean and Devils Lake free press. (Devils Lake, Ramsey County, N.D.) 1905-1909, 1906-04-13

citizens Of the state, that their
homes be made as beautiful and
artistic as possible. Nothing will
add SO much to this purpose ais
great groves of trees.
The forests OF much Of this
state must he artificial, and the
people must be encouraged to
plant trees, not one day in the
year, or one tree, but a month
and in countless hundreds.
1t is certainly well for the
schools and colleges to take up
the matter and educate the rising
generation in the needs Of forest
preservation and the Identifying
|of the landscape. And it's well
that this character Of education
/ be presented to the student as a
actical lesson iii the planting
| ola tree.
But planting a few ia this
way, will develop and cultivate
la sentiment that will be splendid
twenty years hence when the
lchildren shall have become the
men and women Of the state.
But BY that time the prairies
should be dotted with groves and
1.-THE farm homes should be set
against a back ground Of green.
Educate the whole people Co
| the Importance Of this elias of
public inlprov emerts and let the
country be set in forest gems
THAT will gladen the eye as well
las improve the value OF the pro-
:perty as desirab Bile homes. Grand
Forks Evening Times.
Devils Lake inter-ocean and Devils Lake free press. (Devils Lake, Ramsey County, N.D.) 1905-1909, 1906-04-13
Pr esidellt w Orsf
Says: Z | liant rees Z

80 -
President Worst of the agri-
cultural college, in a recent bull
letin argues the planting of trees
on farms. He says, in part:
1t does not cost d great deal to
plant and care for FIVE acres Of
timber, and the investment is
|.one of the best a landowner can
make. For looks alone it is
worth more than the cost, and
for future fence posts, fuel, etc,
five or ten acres Of timber will
prove Of great value. Such var
ieties as American elm soft
maple, white and green ash,
lhac kberry and Carolina poplar
LIDO well, and box elder answers
I a good purpose as a nurse tree,
to be removed as soon ais the
trees begin to crowd each other.
The cultivation required is about
the same as corn should have,
but cultivation becomes unneces-
sary in about FIVE years. BY that
time the shade and dead leaves
will be sufficient to keep the soil
/ in a loose, moist condition, such.
las trees require.
Devils Lake inter-ocean and Devils Lake free press. (Devils Lake, Ramsey County, N.D.) 1905-1909, 1906-04-13
How hey p ceed
Lin Duluth, Mimi.


State Food Commissioner Ed
ward K. Slater has addressed an
Iopen letter TO the country mer-
chants Of the state in which he
I tells thema few pertinent things
that it's worth their while to.
know. He appeals to the mer-
chants Of the rural districts to
help him fight the great mail
order houses. with their cheap
and adulterated goods, By get
ting the business themselves.
Easier said than done, 8 says
Mr.. Country Merchant. But let
him read further. Mr.. Slater
makes the way plain. There is
just one way to do it; and that
lis to advertise. Don't trust to
| the country editor s earnest ap-
lpeals to home pride 10 save the
local merchants. They simply
call attention to the fact that the
mail order houses are IN exls-
Itence, and that many people deal
with them. Ii is simply more
dvertising for the mail order
houses.
Advertise yours selves, is Mr.
Slater advice to the country
merchants, and it is sensible and
sound. The reason the mail ord
Ter houses get the business Isl that
they advertise. They advertise
inlan attractive way the most
| attractive way there is, by MAX
ing people think they sell things
1 heaper than the local merchants
/ Obviously the thing for local
merchants TO do is to make The
| people think al ferently BIZ ad-s
vertising their own goods and
their own prices.
The home pride to which the
country editor patriotically ap-
Ipeals is all very fine, butt Wom't
prevent many people from buy
ling from the mail order houses
$50 long as they think they are
getting things cheaper They
are not. by Ea1,v,, means h,If "a q
long al tliev think % & HE IA iii iii
his the same.
The ONLY Wa 81 the f.,I1nfrv .,,, s..
Ichai1t can Oct The trade mat "a
longs to iailrl III the face off Z s, Il
competition il to 9tahe mr. Stat
Ier's advice and advertise ia 81 Il
he contented with 81 few inches
stating that YOU ara Il, Inc n !, q.
Icery business az ttIaa aarTlwara
business and IetfiiI,o IA oo ~ 81;
Ithat That helms iI,lIi II IS 4 M.
IencuQh / 81 should quote sas; B;
and let those prices ba sl1c I. { as {
Ito attrac ga de atch tIle aSI-
|vertisenents 81 the e q WE mar, an.
Devils Lake inter-ocean and Devils Lake free press. (Devils Lake, Ramsey County, N.D.) 1905-1909, 1906-04-13

= atronize a home industry.
Keep your money in your own
town. 50 that you may again see
lt. Help an institution that will
erect a substantial building that
will be a credit to Devils Lake.
Give your laundry to the Devils
Lake Steam Laundry.
Devils Lake inter-ocean and Devils Lake free press. (Devils Lake, Ramsey County, N.D.) 1905-1909, 1906-04-13
Devils LAX In Oak.

Handles A UCTIO N SALES Of
farm property and pedigreed live
stock In all parts Of the state.
Terms reasonab LEI Satisfacti ton
guaranteed.
, 1906-04-12
HOTEL ARRIVALS.

At the Johnson-Carl Smith, Walter
Smith, Woods; Mr.. and Mrs. Charles
Detro, Hugo Detro, Gleneyre; James
Thornton, Rock River; w. NJ. Mathis,
w. l.. Harrington, Denver; John Nc
Cue, Big Laramie; Clyde Chapman,
Horse creek; Henry McCue, New
York; p. j. Wilson, Mandel; Frank
auckland, Garrett; DR.. Emile Craw'
ford, Encampment; w. J.. Johnson,
Douglas.
At the Kuster-T. R. Bennett, Mar
shall; David Smithkins, DIR. NacamuNi,
Ed. Douglas Gordon, Denver; R Ross
agent the Wolf Company.
At the Union Pacific. R. Root,
Omaha; A. NJ. Sloman, Rochester, N,
Y; w. H. McCourt, C. Logan, William
Bullen, D. H. Clark. Chicago; John w
Young, Salt Lake; w. p. Smith, West
Virginia; A. l.. Price, New York; E
Green, John H. Bryson, A. S. Bonney
r. P. Cartright, Denver; George P
Blair, Philadelphia.
, 1906-04-12
Grip Quickly Knocked Out.

Some weeks ago during the severe
self contracted severe colds which
speedily developed into the worst kind
of la grippe with all its miserable symp-
says Mr.. j. S. Egleston of Maple
Landing, Iowa. "Knees and joints ach-
ing, muscles sore, head stopped up,
eyes and nose running, with alternate
spells of chills and fever. We began
using Chamberlain's Cough Remedy,
aiding the same with a double dose OF
Chamberlain's Stomach and Liver
Tablets, and its liberal use soon com
pletely knocked out the grip" Sold
by Eggleston Drug Co.
, 1906-04-12
$500 Reward 1 o

The readers Of this paper will be
pleased to learn that there is at least
one dreaded disease that science has
been able to cure in all its stages, and
that is catarrh. Halls Catarrh Cure
is the only positive cure now known
to the medical fraternity. Catarrh be-
ing a constitutional disease, requires a
constitutional treatment. Halls Ca
tarrh Cure is taken internally, acting
directly upon the blood and mucous
urfaces of the system. thereby destroy
ing the foundation of the disease, and
giving the patient strength by build
ing up the constitution and assisting
nature in doing it's work. The propri-
etors have so much faith in it's cura-
tive powers that they offer one hun
bred dollars for any case that it fails
to cure. Send for list of testimonials.
Address. F. J. CHENEY & CO.,
Toledo, Ohio.
Sold by druggists, 75c.
Take Halls Family Pills for consti-
patton.
, 1906-04-12

The projected march of the artillery
battalion to Fort Russell, Wyo., start.
ing the 25th inst, is engrossing much
attention, says the Salt Lake Tribune.
The itinerary of the march is as fol.
lows:
Leave Fort Douglas and march:
April 25-Kimball, Utah, twenty-five
miles.
April 26-Coalville, Utah, nineteen
miles. I 81
April 27-Castle Rock, Utah, twenty.
two miles.
April 2S-Eyanston, Wyo., leaving
State of Utah, Department of Colora-
do, and southwestern division, and en-
tering State of Wyoming, Department
of Missouri, and northern division. :
April 29-Remain at Evanston.
April 30-Spring Valley, twenty
miles.
May Fort Bridger, twenty-three
miles.
May 2-One-third distance Fort
Bridger to Green River, twenty miles.
May 3-Two-thirds distance Fort
Bridger to Green River, twenty miles.
May 4-Green River, twenty miles.
May 5-Rock Springs, sixteen miles.
May 6-Remain at Rock Springs.
May Point of Rocks, twenty-five
miles.
May S-Bitter Creek, twenty-five
May 9-Hillside, twenty miles.
May 1O-Latham, twenty-one miles.
May 11-Daley's ranch, twenty miles.
May 12-Rawlins, fifteen miles.
May 13-Remain at Rawlins.
May 14-Walcott, twenty-five miles.
May 15-Elk Mountain, twenty-seven
miles.
May 16-One-third distance Elk
mountain to Laramie, twenty miles.
May 17-Two-thirds distance Elk
mountain to Laramie, twenty miles.
May 1S-Laramie, twenty miles.
May 19-Islay, thirty miles.
May 2O-Fort d. A. Russell, twenty
miles.
In crossing the Red desert arrange
ments will be made when necessary to
obtain water for man n beast from
the Union Pacific railroad.
, 1906-04-12
CASPER WILL HAVE
FIGHT SATURDAY NIGHT.

The twenty-round bout between Jim
mic Martin of Casper, Wyo., and Kid
K~earney of Denver, which takes place
at Casper next Saturday night, is ere
ating a great deal of interest among
the patrons Of boxing in northern wy
oming, and the management expects a
large attendance.
Both boys have trained hard and are
in the best of condition. AS they are
evenly matched, they should put up a
good bout. The boys will fight at ia
pounds, weigh in at 6 p. m on the day
of the fight.
, 1906-04-12
OF
THE CAME
GIRLS GLEE AND MANDOLIN CLUB
TAKING MORE MONEY THAN
THEY GIVE ON TRIP.
Having Delightful Time, Entertaining
Large Audiences and Being Made
Much of in Social Way-Entertain-
ed BY Mr.. and Mrs. Armstrong and
Mrs. Brodt at Rawlins.

The Republican this morning receiv.
ed this following note from its score
of friends and correspondents accom-,
panying the t%riumphal tour of the Uni
v%ersity Girls Glee and Mandolin club
across the state:
Used to Sage Brush.
Dear Laramie RepuoIican:-We are
now twenty miles out of Rawlins en-,
joytng the beautiful scenery, which We
are happy to say, is mostly sage brush.
Hence we feel at home.
Rawlins certainly treated us fine. We
got in about IL at noon, greasy, tired
and dirty, but in fairly good humor for
sitting up all night.
Entertained in Evening.
Our concert went off without any Sc
rious bitches, and every one seemed to
be pleased. After the performance we
were given a reception at the home of
Mr.. and Mrs. L. E. Armstrong and all
the girls voted them delightful enter,
tainers. Mrs. H. s.. Brodt had after
noon tea for Mrs. Soule, Miss Peabody,
Miss Let's and the Misses Mcintosh.
Two Managers Still Live.
We are glad to say that Mrs. Root
and the manager of the opera house,
Mr.. Frew, did not come to blows, as
was expected.
Financially we are still ahead of the
game" In other words, we are some
to the good.
We put down with much pleasure
that Mr.. Hunton is still alive and be-
ing well taken care of.
Very respectfully,
The Girls Glee and Mandolin Club.
, 1906-04-12

C. R. Root is here from Omaha.
Clyde Chapman is here from Horse
creek.
Mr.. n Mrs. NJ. ]. Coughlin are in
the city today.
Hugo Detro went to the Boswell
ranch this morning.
William Greaser was in from his
ranch at Morgan today.
p. A. Allen of Sibylee was among the
visitors to the city this morning.
Mr.. and Mrs. Bailey Cornwell left
this morning for Denver for a few days
visit.
James Thornton of Rock River was
among the visitors to the city last
night.
Mrs. Tom Heffron of the Pioneer ca
nal was among the visitors to the city
mis- morning.
Carl and Walter Smith of Woods
were among the visitors to the city
this morning.
Mr.. and Mrs E. ]. Lehman returned
last night from the east, where they
have been for several weeks.
John McCue of the Big Laramie and
Henry McCue of New York were fellow
guests at the Johnson last night.
Ed Douglas Gordon, the magazine
writer who became the husband of Miss
Rebecca Cook of this city at Denver
a few weeks ago, is in town today.
Mr.. and Mrs. Charles Detro and Hugo
Detro of Gleneyre were here this morn
ing, the latter leaving for Boswell's
ranch by the Walden stage at Z o'clock.
R. Ross, representing the Wolf
Stock company, coming to the Opera
House in THE Manxman" shortly, is
in town, arranging for the engagement
here.
G. Logan and William Bullen, ad-
n agents for Murray and Mack,
coming to the New Grand on the 18th,
are in the city, looking after the bust
ness of advertising the show.
Mrs. W. A. Comley left today for her
home at Laramie peak, after a visit of
a few days to the city, Mr.. Comley is
now busy at work taking the annual
assessment for taxation of property in
his part of the county.
DR.. Emil Crawford of Encampment,
son of j. f. Crawford of the Saratoga
Sun, is in the city with a view to To-
eating. He has been practicing some
recently at Pearl, the mining camp
over the state line in Colorado.
Frank auckland of Garrett is in the
city and will remain a few days. He
says spring is giving promise of its
annual return at Garrett and that it
Will be welcome when it m Cat
tie and sheep are looking well and
business is prospecting.
John Williams, formerly a resident
of this city, has been assigned to duty
as a f1agman on passenger trains on
the Wyoming division and this MORN
ing completed his initial round trip,
beng a member of the crew of No. 2,
arriving at 7 o'clock.
John w. Young of Salt Lake, who
has just returned from a winter-stay
in Great Britain, is in the city, but did
not know whether he would remain
longer than tonight or not. He arriv-
ed at New York on the Teutonic on
the 2Sth of March, spending some time
in that city before coming west.
, 1906-04-12
Wanted to Marry Stepfather.

Chicago, H., April 12.-Steps were
taken in the juvenile court today to
prevent the marriage of a 1~6-year-old
girl N her ~stepfather, despite the
petition of the girl that she be permit
ted to become a bride. The girl is
Evelyn Rider, who only recently has at
tanned the dignity of long dresses
John Guager is her s~tepfather.
Lived With the Man.
A probation officer brought the girl
into court on a charge of delinquency
and she was questioned by Judge Mack.
She told the court her mother had died
two years ago and hat she then vent
to the home of friends, but soon re-
turned to live with Guager. The court
declared the case should be investigat-
ed and ordered Guager arrested.
, 1906-04-12
MANY INVITATIONS.
Many Anxious to Entertain Mr.. and
Mrs. Nicholas Longworth.

London, April ia flood of invita-.
tons is reaching the American embas-
sy for Congressman and Mrs. Nicholas
Longworth, who are expected in Lon
don during the month of June on a Wis
it to ambassador Reid and Mrs. Reid.
There will not be any official recep-
ton, but it is probable that the visitors
will be entertained by King Edward,
Queen Alexandra and other members
of the royal family.
, 1906-04-12
BIDS FOR CELL HOUSE
AT THE PENlTENTIARY.

Al TIE FCNi' ELY
The state board of charities and re-
form is advertising for bids for the
construction of a dungeon house, in
Guiding steel cell work, at the peniten-
tiary, bids to be submitted May s. This
improvement at the state penal insti-
tuition was mentioned in The Republi-
can several days ago.
, 1906-04-12

No PHI is as pleasant and positive a.
DeWitt's Little Early Risers. These
Famous Little Pills are so mild and
effective that children, delicate ladies
and weak people enjoy their cleansing
effect, while strong people say they are
the best liver pills sold. Never gripa.
Sold by Mills, A Druggist
, 1906-04-12
LADY POSTMASTER
NAMED FOR CASPER

The president has sent the following
nominations to the senate: Postmas-
ters-Wyoming, H. Springer, Cambria;
Ida Hewes, Casper. Miss Hewes at
present holds the position.
, 1906-04-12
Rheumatism Makes Life Miserable,

A happy home is the most valuable
possession that is within the reach of
mankind, but you cannot enjoy its COM
forts if you are suffering from rheuma-
tism. You throw aside business cares
when you enter your home and you
can be relieved from those rheumatic
pains also by applying Chamberlain's
Pain Balm. One application will give
you relief and its continued use for a
short time will bring about a perma-
nent cure. For sale by Eggleston Drug
company.
, 1906-04-12
SULLIVAN AVOWED
CANDIDATE FOR PLACE.

A special dispatch from Washington
to the Cheyenne Tribune says that
Hon. Patrick Sullivan of Casper, who
is in that city, is as avowed candidate
for governor of this state.
, 1906-04-12
WILL ACCEPT BIDS
EOR GARLAND CANAL.

The secretary of the interior has ad-
vertised for bids for the construction
of the first division of the Garland ca
nal, as a part of the Shoshone irriga-
ton project. The work involves the
excavation of about 100000 yards of
earth, about 10000 yards Of rock and
shale mi the construction of inciden.
tai structures northwest of Cody.
, 1906-04-12

Both are liable to collision, fire,
breakdown, explosion, injury from the
elements and running amuck, and in
surance that meets the risks of a float
ing vessel apparently covers the risk
of an automobile"
, 1906-04-12
CAUGHT Cold While Hunting a Burglar.

Cdught COLO WINE Hune'hS a
Mr.. William Thomas Lanorgan, pro-
vincial constable at C%hapleau, Ontario,
says: 81 caught a severe cold while
hunting a burglar in the forest swamp
last fall. Hearing of Chamberlain's
Cough Remedy, l tried it, and after
using two small bottles, l vas COM
pletely cured" This remedy is intend
ed especially for coughs and colds. 1t
will loosen ard relieve a severe cold
in less time than by any other treat
ment and is a favorite wherever it's SUI
perior excellence has become known.
For sale by Eggleston Drug Co.
Weekly Republican only 81 a year.
, 1906-04-12
BRIDE OF NINETEEN
WANTED A LICENSE.

A marriage license was refused at
Cheyenne yesterday to Frank H. Croz-
er n Miss Maude Seeley, both of Sa.
Ida, Colo, the girl being but 10 years
of age.
, 1906-04-12
To draw the fire out Of a burn, heal

To draw the fire out of a burn, heal
acut without leaving a scar, or to cure
boils, sores, letter, eczema and all skin
and scalp diseases, use DeWitt's Witch
Hazel Salve A specific for piles. Get the
genuine. No remedy aus such speedy
relief. Ask for De Witt's-the genuine.
Sold by Mills. A Druggist.
, 1906-04-12
BUYS WHOLE SECTION
OF d ROAD Al

Mrs. Bertha Schwatke of Cheyenne
has purchased from the Union Pacific
Railroad company a full section of land
near that city.
, 1906-04-12
sHOSHoNI CITIZENS
WILL INCORPORATE.

The people of Shoshoni, the youngest
town in the state, have decided to in
corporate.