Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1906-11-10

Rome when it fell into the hands of lower
10 s points out that it K is estimates TED
United States are doomed to die Of con-
sumption, but adds that 1t will not take
many centuries of such destruction to
evolve a surviving fttest race not sus-
ceptible to the white plague. This evolu-
ton has occurred among the Jews, whose
blood has thus developed germ-killing
power, destroying the bacilli OF disease
breathed into their lungs.
Sociological aspects Of the problem Will
be considered especially by Prof Charles
R. Henderson of the University of Chi
cago. and biological aspects by Prof. David
Starr Jordan. president of Leland Stan
ford University. who also are members OF the
bers are Rev. ]. f. Gilbert. Methodist
minister and temperance advocate OF ASH
ington, D. c., and c. w. Ward Of New
York. Besides those mentioned, the duties
of the eugenic committee will be Ito de-
wise methods of recording the values OF
the blood of individuals. families. peoples
and races; to emphasize the value OF SUI
perior blood and the menace TO society Oh
inferior blood.
Man-Breeding Experiments.
Several interesting experiments In
man-breeding by selection have beon at
tempted In recent times. Two, IN TACT
are now being carried on. Probably the
first systematic experiment was that COM
menced IN 1S4S by John Humphrey Noyes.
at Oneida. N Y. Geo Bernard Shaw, who
devoted some space 20 it in his Man and
Superman." refers to Ii as "one IF tnose
chance attempts at the Superman winch
occur frorI time to time in spite ~ the
interference. of mans laundering Ius,itu-
TONS
Noyes for the first time in the history
of the human race made deliberate at
tempt to apply to an entire community
of men AMI women the rules that govern
scientific stock breeding. He was born
in southern. Vermont in 1911. was cx-
PEELED from the Congregational ministry
for heterodoxy, and later organized sect
called "I'erfectionists." seeking saliva
ton from sin, disease and death. For
this sect he devised what has been aptly
called a system of regulated pronIscuity
of marriage" He was forced 70 f"ave
Vermont in 1916 and bought land iear
Oneida, n. Y, where, two years later he
founded the Oneida Community.
His methods for producing superlnan
were, as suggested. based on stoch-rais--
ing experiments and he subjected the
people of his community 20 selected N
and-in breeding with occasional minis ling
of foreign blood. Members of the COM
munity selected as the healthiCst and
hottest were chosen to beget children
The intellects of the parents were only
partially considered. and the selected IA
Their was always older than the selected
mother. The women wore long trousers
and. over these. short skirts. All mem
bers lived together in the large
unity house" shown in the accompany
ing photograph. 1t was Noyes aim that
each generation should surpass The pre-
ceding one. morally and physically. No
member could be married to another. and
love between couples was frowned upon
as selfish. Each must love the entire
community. Community of property was
practiced. and everything in the settle
ment belonged to every member aliAe.
Sixty superchildren.
Sixty superchildren were born of this
experiment between the years 1860 and
1879. Fifty-five survived and were brought
up with the greatest care. Infants were
cared for exclusively by their mothers
until nine months old. and thence artil
they were eighteen months old they re-
ceived the maternal care only at night.
From then on the individual responsible
ity of the mothers ceased and the little
cnes were placed in charge of competent
nurses in the "children's department.,
APART from the large community buiiung.
Nine years after the experiment Con-
II cnced these children were repor ted by
Or. T. r. Noyes. son of the founder, to
have a death rate less than one-thiId
that of the United States at large and to
he taller and heavier than Boston chill
den.
1t is an interesting fact that this com
inunity system of complex marriages.
l,ao to be abandoned because ths spirit
of monOgamy some time before the end
OF ten years had infected all of the men,
bers. who were found to be drifting into
pairs. NoyeS. foreSeeing failure on this
account gave notice to members, IN 1879,
suggesting that in Difference to public
sentiment complex marriage be renowned
and ordinary marriage or celibacy be
substituted. Only three members voted
against this proposition. Twenty-Five
couples who had been married when they
entered the community Immediately re-
sumed life together and twenty other
couples married within four months. At
this time there were 300 members. in
Guiding eighty -three children under
twelve years. Community of goods was
abandoned. and the property was trans
fcrred to a joint stock company. which
row thrives with certain co-operative
features.
The Oneida Children Today.
The present status of the carefully select.
ed new race born at Oneida Is this: The
oldest are thirty seven. The men are tall.
several over six feet = 'broad-shouidered
and finely proportional according to q
physician not connected with the commu-
nifty who has kept track of them. The
girls are robust and well built. In spite of
the fact that the parents were generally Of
the laboring class. one OF the boys Is mu-
stefan of repute,-another physician,
other a lawyer who won several scholar
ships and others have been graduated rom
colleges. Only one became mechanic. OF
the girls. two are college graduates. and
one Is a kindergarten teacher. Speaking of
these children when questioned him lately
concerning them, VIM. A. Kinds. the presi-
dent of the Oneida COMMUNITY, limited,
said:
There are among them some fine ex-
amples of both physical and intellectual
vigor, and a considerable number of .nem
have for several years filled positions of
much responsibility
Breeding Establishment for Giants.
The next systematic attempt at man
breeding by selection was commenced In
France five years ago. The eccentric Count
4 MI
that year bequeathed to that city his for
tune of 100000 francs on the novel con-
dition that the city annually make q mar
ria1e Rift of 100 600 franco To q cQunle Of