Arizona republican., 1906-01-22

nourlShment. SCOttS Emul- sion brings. dinples and rounded limbs.
 SCOTT BOVINE, 4Oo Pearl Street, New Y,rs. in the United Kingdom, l9,611 miles in Canada, 15,560 miles in Africa, 14.- 113 miles in Australia. II ,559 miles in Argentina, 1O.356 miles in Mexico, g. 961 miles in Italy 9,63S miles in Bra gil, 1887 miles in Sweden, 1922 miles in Siberia. Manchuria, and other Asiatic possession of Russia, 4,495 miles in Japan, and 1,176 miles in China. It was not until 1885 that the number of railways in operation in the United States first reached as much as 1000 miles, being in that year L. 09S miles; by 1850 the total had grown to 9.O21 miles; by 1860 to 30,626 miles; in 1865, 35,0S5 miles. In the decade from 1865 to 1875 the mileage more than doubled, the total for the last year named being 74.096; the total for 1885 was 12S, 1920 miles, that for 1895. 1S1. 115 miles, for 1900. 194,262 miles, and for 1905 217,32S miles, their aggre- gate cost being estimated by Poor's Manual for 1905 at the enormous sum of Il 2-3 billions of dollars, out of an aggregate cost of 37 billions for the entire world.
 The total net tonnage of the steam and sailing vessels of the world, in cluding only vessels of over 100 tons each, is stated by Lloyd's Register at about million tons of sail and IS 1-2 million tons of steam. Of this total of 24 1-2 million tons, II million tons or nearly one-half is credited to the United Kingdom and her colonies, 3 1-4 millions to the United States ] 1-3 millions to Norway, 1 1-3 mfI- lions to France. and about one-half million tons each to Russia, Sweden, Spain, Japan. and the Netherlands, in the order named.
 In sharp contrast with the rapid growth achieved by American railways | is the slow development of the mer- chant marine of the United States. l The tonnage of vessels engaged in the foreign trade of the United States was | in 1855 2,34S,35S tons; in 1875, 1,515.- | 59S tons; in 1895, S22,S47 tons; and in 1905, 943,750 tons. The tonnage of yes ] sells engaged in the coastwise trade of the United States was 2,543.255 tons in 1855. 3,219,69S tons in 1875. 3,72S,714 tonsin 1895, and 5,441.6SS tons in 1905; while in the total tonnage of the mer- chant marine of the United States, in cluding all vessels whether engaged in the foreign trade. the coastwise trade, or the whale, cod, and mackerel fish cries, has only grown from 5,212,00l tons in 1855 to 6.456, ,543 tons in 1905.
 Freight rates are shown to have de- creased both on.1and and sea. The av- craze rate per bushel of wheat from Chicago to New York has decreased as follows: By lake and canal, from 26.6 cents in 1865 to AT cents in 1905: by lake and rail, from 29 cents in 1868. the earliest available data, to cents in 1905; by railway only. from 46 cents in 1866 to II cents in 1905 For the same commodity the rate between New York and Liverpool, while sub ject to wide fluctuations, has shown a general decline especially in more recent years. In 1873 the rate per bushel of wheat from New York to Liverpool was 10 9-16 cents; in 1875. s 7-16 cents; in 1885, 3-16 cents; in 1895. 9-16 cents, and in 1905, 1 1-S cents.
 During the latest year for which sta- tistics are available the railways of the United States carried 7196549 951 passengers and transported 1900 mill lion tons of freight, against 351.427,- 6SS passengers carried and 437 million l tons of freight transported in 1885.
 The close connection between ade- quate transportation facilities and commerce is illustrated by the fact that in 1S0O,. when there were no rail- roads of steamships, and but million tons of sail carrying power on sea, the worlds commerce was but 1 1-2 biI- lions of dollars. while at the present time. aided by nearly 55O,0O0 miles of railway and the ocean steam and sail ! tonnage above described, its interna- tfonal commerce approximates 22 1-2 billions of dollars. Thus, under the newly created transportation systems of the last century which have devel- oped the interior of continents and made merchantable many commodities which formerly would not bear the cost of transportation, the information. al commerce of the world today is about fifteen times as much as at the beginning of the last century, while the worlds population is but two and one-half times as much as that at that | time, the commerce of the worlds population, as a whole, having thus grown from less than $2.5O per capita in 1900 to nearly s14 per capita at the present time.