Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1906-03-04

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French monarch. offered him aid with his
cavalry and infEntryf
The treaty OF May %, 1851. shows how
profound the prestige OF France remained
treaty confirmed the relationship which
dated since more than 80 years. The ex-
petition to Egypt carried the name OF Bona
n pa Z, g the maximum In the Moslem world.
The Moroccan hadj had seen him In Cairo
prociaimfng praises Of the sultan. and when
IN 1850 an army of Napoleon's veterans
landed and carried by assault impregnable
AIgiers. against which Spanlards had failed.
all Islam trembled at the name of Bona
parte.
England. who did not dare interpose at
Algiers. but understanding that the con-
guest OF Algiers would fnish Inevitably at
MOROCCO. took position after 1892 to destroy
French influence with the sultan. When
Ap0-ei-kader sought refuge at oudjda. ADD
ei-Hahman espoused his cause. The victory
OF isly and the bombardment OF Moeadore
put an end to Moroccan operations
France might have imposed then a sort OF
protectorate. but yielding to British pres
sure the convention Of Tangter of 1874 was
signed.
Articles and of this treaty indicate,
clearly the purpose of England by causing
q frontier between Morocco and Algiers to
be fixed. and that France should be given
the privileges Of the most favored nation.
The treaty of deimitation of 1S45 for a fact
anHuiied the treaty of 1851. and opened the
door to the present European competitions
The convention at Madrid (1sS0) is impor-
tant because 1T admitted Morocco In the
European concert and treated her as SOW
ereign. France had no longer a recognized
privile ged situation In Morocco.
In 1850 certain incidents on the frontier
occurred in which Algerian columns fol-
lowed insurgent tribes far beyond the con-
ventional lines At the same time arose
the question of penetration by railways:
then the brusQue occupation of the oasis OF
Touat, the lncursions of the Beraber of Ia
flet, the incidents near Figuig and the
troubles In the region of OudJda because or
the revolt of the Rogui. Delicate and dis
Greet negotiations were undertaken at Fee.
Tangier. Algiers and Paris. The occasion
seemed propitious to attach the Maghreb eli
Aksa to French Africa In the north. At
this moment there was rapprochement
between England and France.
The appearance of Germany In Morocco
may be likened to the laborer who came to
work In the vineyard at the
Germany's eleventh hour of whom the
Relations Gospel speaks. Germany's
history In Morocco Is short.
1t commences In 1880. But the work ac-
complished by others. historic rights and
privileges OF seniority count for little in the
conception which Germany has of her role
in the world and OF her moral superiority.
From the day that her policy has turned
toward maritime and commercial expansion
which her progress and industrial develop
ment required, Germany has marked on the
map all countries without chief or left in
independence. With prompt decision she
attributed to herself the former and has
undertaken the conquest of the latter. 1t
Is thus through the support given Sultan
Abdul Hamid she endeavors to place under
her influence certain routes In Asia Minor
1t Is thus she has covered the world with
network of splendid lines of navigation
for which it is necessary to procure ports
and posts OF her own. For this reason she
aspires to acquire Morocco.
Through the thin veil of her diplomatic
reticence, her protestations OF peace, her
propositions for an international entente.
there Is clearly to be perceived Germany's
fixed purpose to obtain ports in Mediterra-
mean and Atlantic Morocco. The Anglo
French agreement was a thunderboit from
an unclouded sky. Germany proposed to
quickly force her way unchallenged into
the Moroccan house and simply Invoking
the treaty of Madrid treat with Morocco In
her sovereign and Independent capacity.
England challenged!
1t is necessary to recognize the fact that
neither the British nor the French repre-
sentatives at Fee have been great in their
offices, but have been duped by the German
who adroitly paved the way to the visit
to their emperor and the present conflict
Germany obtained, in 1891 the first treaty
Of commerce with Morocco. which author
lied the expectation of all of the products
of the sell, including wheat and barley. The
British consul. NJ. Drummond Hay. could
only secure a treaty authorizing the expor-
tation of products. but excluding wheat and
barely. This manifest mark Of inferiority
of British influence should have warned the
representatives of that power
The ulemas of Fee and Marrakech, have
they not always refused she expectation of
these grains because it was 1.-THE food of
the warriors of their faith and of their
horses" Rather leave the grain to rot they
said than it should nourish the hated
Christian And yet the German Moroccan
treaty of 1891 had removed the Introduction.
A cable from St. Petersburg of the 27th
of February represents the Russian govern
ment using its infiu-
Russian at Berlin to prevent
Intervention. a rupture between France
and Germany. and at the
instance of NJ. Rouvier who is convinced
that Germany desires war. On the other
hand the German government repeats its
pacific intentions. but they are not credited
because of her attitude at Algeciras.
The correspondent OF the London Tele-
graph at Algeciras ton the 9th OF Febru-
ary) reports that France before sending
her last word to Germany, consulted Eng
land, who replied that in one way or an
other II was necessary to finish the matter
a. soon possible.
There is apparent confirmation of the
aforegoing by a cable from Algeciras an
nouncing that a division of British cruisers
is due at Gibraltar, consisting of thirty war
ships and q, 900 men,
The Svet OF St Petersburg of recent date
contains an article which says that France
was drawn into her present position by the
belief that she would have Great Britain's
support but that she is doomed to dtsap-
pointment England, as usual" says the
Svet. will prefer to reap the fruits of the
uuarrels of others, which helps to foment
Germany's in1exibility, which Is expiainab!e
on no other hypothesis. England will not
draw the sword and France cannot now
withdraw. The world win wake up some
fine morning and find the German troops at
Nancy"
The writer would accept the opinion of
the Svet as conclusive but for the fact that
1t is England who has challenged Germany
in the present conflict over Morocco, and
especially because Germany has obtained
Moroccan ports, which is direct defiance
to Gibraltar.
The defeat of the French cabinet in the
chamber of deputies on the 2eth OF Febru-
airy, when the socialists, by vote of pa
to ia refused to extend the time of an
nual training of the reservist army from
fifteen to twenty-eight days. is significant.
1t drew from NJ. Rouyier the statement
that France needed now more than ever
81,