Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1906-03-31


| saw mills along the railroads or to the great
| lakes. The Ottawa river takes down mil
| lions of feet yearly and nearly every stream
| of any size has Its part In carrying the
| legs. Every winter the iumbermen are
| chopping away In the forests They begin
| to make roads for the new camps in July or
| August and then cut down the trees. In the
| dead of winter they haul the logs over the
| snow to the streams. They live In log
cabins. in camps and we have a regular
system of supplying them with provisions.
| The work is hard and we have trouble In
! getting good labor. There is no eight-hour
/ law, and the men begin at g In the morn
| ing and work until dark. Just now we are
! hiring our men from Montreal. We pay
| from SIG to $50 per month and board for or
| binary workmen, and more for skilled men
Big Lumbermen of North America.
Who owns the most of the timber on this
! continent?'
BY far the greater part belongs to the
! governments, although private parties have
| millions of acres. The chief lumberman
of Canada is Booth of Ottawa who is said
| to control more than nine thousand souare
| miles of good timber lands The chief lum-
herman In the United States is Ware
| houser, an old German who came into Min
| neapolis with a few dollars and is now
| worth many millions. Warehouser had some
credit; he began his career in the United
states by buying timber lands on long
| time, as the lands rose in value he sold
| enough to pay his interest, and went in debt
| for more. His property doubled and quad
rupled and then doubled again; and as a
result Warehouser Is one OF the world 3
| richest men. He is now In partnership
| with Helms, a well-known lumber dealer
| of Chicago. Warehouser and Helms have
| enormous timber properties in the north
| west and along the Pacific slope"
How does the Canadian government han
| die its forests?"
1T leases them on ROYALTY Of so much
| nay. tlNna1c I
| leases are sold 10 the highest bidder at Auc-
! ton, the bidders having u certain time to
| get the timber off, after which the land
goes back to the government 1t now costs
us about SO per thousand to lease white
| pine lands, and in addition we have to pay
81 per thousand duty. so that we must
make IS per thousand before we begin
to figure on our expenses and profits.
Canada's Forest Reserves.
Speaking of the government timber the
Dominion is doing all it can to preserve the
trees. On some of the public lands the reg
ulatlons are now such that no trees be-
low a fixed size can be cut The timber is
sold only when it is ripe. II these ar
engagements are kept in force. they viii give
Ontario forest reserve of forty million
acres, which WILL 1t is estimated, bring in
thirty million dollars a year.
Canada has set aside number of
tional parks. In two of its Rocky noun
we nave in all our national parks, and in
Ontario there are seven million acres of
such reservations. The Yoho Park on the
Pacific slope is forty miles long and fifteen
miles wide and the Rocky Mountain Park.
along the line of the Canadian Pacific rail-
road, is ninety-s5X miles long and forty-six
mines wide The Algonquin National Park,
In central Ontario, contains twelve hum
bred thousand acres, and northern Quebec
has national park of more than a mil
lion and a half acres. Our national parks
have all been created since lSf2 and their
area all told is only little more than
three and a half million acres. The Cana
dian government guards It's forests against
fires and 1t pays half the wages of the
fire rangers on timber lands leased to lum-
bermen.
Could Paper the. World.
Canada has some Of the greatest wood
pulp forests on earth. North of the pine
belt there is strip of spruce and
poplar which runs across the greater part
of the continent 1t contains enough trees
OF the right sort to supply the newspapers
of the world for ages. Indeed, 1t could
furnish enough to almost paper the globe
and leave some to spare In the Lake st.
John basin of the province of Quebec there
IS q wood pulp area large as the state
of South Carolina, ON which are now stand
ing 100,0C0009 cords of pulp wood. a half
million tons of pulp could annually be made
from that forest for an indefinite period;
and this is only patch on the whole. Sir
Alfred Harmsworth. the proprietor of the
London Mail, has bought large tracts of
spruce timber in Newfoundland, where he
will make the paper for his many pubica-.
lions, and the Lloyds, the owners of the
Shipping Register. another London news
paper of wide circulation have also In
vested I'm pulp forests.
Canada has now thirty-nine mills,
which are annually turning out 275, 900 tons
of wood pulp, large part of which goes
Ifn1 10 II L.
pulp mill here at Ottawa which was grind
ing spruce logs to powder, reducing them
to pulp. and finally turning them into
paper 1t was making great rolls Of news
paper each as big around as a hogshead,
and 1t was also turning trees into paper
bags. The mill belongs to a company of
Americans. 1t is operated by the Ottawa
river, which furnishes many thousand horse
power and runs saw mills, factories and
paper mills.
The Worlds Biggest Pulp Mill.
The biggest pulp mills of the world so
I am told are those of the Lake Superior
Corporation at Sault Ste. Marie, Canada
They are run by Americans, operated with
American capital, with Canadian labor
and Canadian lumber. These mills make
both mechanical and chemical pulp. turn
ing out a big product when In fun opera
ton. During my visit TO them the mechani-
cal works only were going and the output
tons however, gives little idea of the
amount OF paper made. 1t takes about
cord of wood to make ton of pulp and
ton IL the roll which weighs that were