Missouri Valley times. [volume] (Missouri Valley, Iowa) 1874-1931, 1906-05-31
GREAT WAR MEMORIALS
Noble Structure. Reared to conquarina
Heross- Ehe Temples and Arches
OF Martial France.


memorate glorious victories date from
Romans instituted solemn festival or
procession to celebrate victories and
made 1t a stimulus to martial exploits.
A general honored with triumph thus
received the highest award which the
state granted TO it's conquering heroes.
Preceded by his spoils and captfves.
the victor entered the city in chariot
drawn by four horses He was fol-
lowed by his whole army and. after a
stately march along the Via Sacra. as
cended to the capitol and sacrificed
bull to the god Jupiter.
A Roman triumph was granted by
the senate. and the occasion for IT
could not be equivocal. For instance.
a general must have gained important
successes In battle after having held
one of the great Offices of state or the
victory must have been won by his
own troops under his immediate per-
sonal direction. One cause for the
high honor was the Staying of 5000
enemies in single battle with positive
advantage to the Roman state. But IN
all cases the successes must have been
gained over foreign enemy and not
in civil war the national domain ex-
tended and. not merely recovered ana
the victory SO decisive that the army
might safely be withdrawn from the
conquered country.
The last Roman triumph. and the
35Oth in its history was celebrated a.
d. 534. when Belisarius entered Con-
stantinople after overthroWing the
Vandals. No general had been hon
ored by a triumph for over five cen
turtles, hence Relisarius was the first
and only Roman so distinguished In the
Christian era.
Trtumphal and memorial arches also
originated with the Romans. and their
capital city was at various times
adorned with them to the number OF
twenty-o The greatest of these Is
that of Titus, commemorative MS con-
quests.
AS France has been ambitious to
pose as the modern Rome we may
look to the banks of the Seine for du-
plications of the famous memorial
structures which have at some time
adorned the city on the Tiber. Louis
XIV created the triumphal arches
known as Portes st. Denis and st.
gates opening out of those avenues.
After a series of glorious triumphs, in
which ancient Kingdoms We're hum
bled by the power of his arms. Napo-
leon, in 1906, erected the Arc de Tri-
omphe du Carrousel at the entrance TO
the court Of the Tuileries. Above the
enta biature, which rests upon eight
Corinthian columns of red I.anguedoc
marble. is the famous Beilona i'm her
car. drawn by four horses. Il reproduc-
ton of that on the piazza of ST. Marks
at Venice. Colossal statues of Victory,
Peace, History and France surmount
the stone bastions of two gateways on
either side of the arch. In 1906 also
Napoleon began the erection of the mo-
BILE Arc de Triomphe de lEtoile, espe-
cially to commemorate the victory over
the Prussians and Austrians. which
won for him his Austrian consort.
Princess Marie Louise. This magnifi-
of the hill at the extremity OF the
Avenue des Champs Ulysses, just out
side the old city barriers. The four
fronts are adorned with groups forty
feet high, in VIII the figures stand
twenty feet nigh. The top of the arch.
which can be easily assembled. affords
views of the most picturesque and his
toric sections of P..ris. so that the me-
mortal serves in a double sense to inn
press upon posterity the glorious age
of the COrsican.
In the famous Hotel des Invalides Paris
has at once an asylum for mans chief
| victims--the MANNED and decrepit veteran
Of many battles-a monument recalling
| the most glorious pages of the martial his
tory of France and memorial arch and
hall and a mausoleum holding the remains
of the greatest of her warriors, Louis XIV,
the Grand Monarque, conceived the noble
institution, and under Napoleon and his
SUCCESSORS the original design of home
for veterans has been enlarged upon until
the edifice, with its many ampliiications,
forms q magnificent temple dedicated at
once to glory and to humanity.
The hotel Is reached by crossing the
Seine over the noble Pont des lnvaldes.
| which opens out of the Champs Elysees
The bridge leads to the Esplanade des In-
| valides, fine open space facing the river
and also the Champs lIlysees on the other
! side The hotel Enclosure begins with a
rallied court, where are displayed trophies
of battle in the shape of cannon captured
| in the wars of Louis and of Napoleon. Be
| You'd the court are the little gardens which
the veterans accupy. and amuse them
| selves in attending. The principal entrance
to the hotel is under a grand arch sur
| mounted by statue of Louis XIV. But
| this is only a single feature of n front ex.
| tending over 600 feet. The building accom-.
modates many thousand soldiers. and with
| its dependencies covers 16 acres of ground
| The principal court in the interior, called
| the Cour d'Honneur. is 3l5 feet long by -:
| broad. In vaults beneath two churches
when have been included In the structure
are the remains of the most celebrated
warriors OF France those of Napoleon
| being in a separate mausoleum erected
| especially to receive them when removed
| from ST. Helena I'm 1910.
| This republic has been lavish In erect
| Ing memorials to individual war heroes
| and to mark the scenes of innuIncrable
| battle from colonial times down to the
struggle of 1861. Those commemorative
| the revolution and the civil war are tho
most numerous and the most elaborate
Scarcely one of the noted leaders of those
conflicts but has his deeds emblazoncd
upon enduring bronze or marble. Owing
| to the liberal cooperation of the federal
| government and the states the sites OF old
battletields are being laid out az parks and
embellished with shafts and monuments to
mark the lines of battle and identity the
troops engaged.
| State. county and town memorials to
lie soldiers and sailors of the civil war
may be counted by the hundred. They
stand as tributes to valor not to inlivd-
ual fame. Two of the most imposing Of
these are the Memorial arch, at the en-
trance to Connecticut river bridge in
Bushnell park Hartford and the elab-
crate structure in Monument circle. In
dianapolis. This last bears the inscrip-
| tion, To Indianas Silent Victors, by a
Grateful STATE" The several counties. az
we'll as the individual regiments and bat
teries of the state. contributed to this
work. which originated with the Grand
| Army of the Republic.
Ohio has honored her heroes by mag
| nificent structure at Cleveland 1t Is sur
mounted by shaft Of black granite rising
125 feet above the main outline.
/
The Only Way.
| From E;verybodys.
| Mrs. "Stonewall' Jackson widow O,
the famous confederate general. who
now lives in Charlotte, N. c., was chat
fing a lawyer of her acquaintance about
the fees demanded by members of his