The evening times. [volume] (Grand Forks, N.D.) 1906-1914, 1906-01-20
md company which handles or feeds

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The heifers that are kept for breed.
ing should undergo practically the
same treatment the second as they re-
cetve the first winter. The grain feed
may be eliminated except for a few
of the thin and less thrifty ones.
The selection of a pure bred bull
OF the same breed that has been used
In the grading up Of the heifers, lis the
next step and 1t Is avery important
one. If the heifefs are pure bred It
Is an all important point. A good
pure bred sire is recognized by all
breeders as being more than half the
herd. When selecting the sire the fol-
lowing points should not be over.
looked. He should be low set, broad
and deep with a short but broad head;
with masculinity stoutly indicated by
the presence of long curly hair in the
forehead and over the shoulders; and
a we'll developed crest on his neck,
the latter feature varying, of course,
with the age of the bulD. Silky hair
and a mellow skin with considerable
depth of springy flesh show that an
animal is good feeder, and are points
OF great Importance. A sire such as
the one which have described above
cannot fail to stamp similar qualities
ffupon his offspring.
The following breeding table should
be rigidly adhered to. A yearling,
twelve cows: A two year old, eighteen
cows: A three year old, twenty five
cows: at four years old the animal
will be mature and the owner must
use his own judgment. The condition
and vigor of the bull will be his best
guide. A good growing ration con-
sists of one fourth bran and three
fourths ground barley and oats, by
weight A little ground fax seed or
oil meal will tend to keep the flesh,
hair and skin in good mellow condi-
ton. The above ration with supply
OF good roughage and plenty of exer-
else in good yard adjoining the stall
is about the right treatment to give
breeding bull. The heifers should be
bred between two years and twenty
SIX months of age, that they may drop
their first calves when three years
old; as they will then have attained
the growth necessary to make large
and well developed cows. If heifers
are bred too young 1t is likely to seri-
ously retard their growth and develop
ment. Under sized, immature cattle
will not produce as large or as thrifty
calves as those which are more ma
ture and we'll developed. If the heif-
ers are bred too young for few gen
erations the herd will degenerate in
stead of improve, even with the use
of good sire. The question has been
asked why not breed beef heifers like
dairy heifers which are allowed to
calve at two years old? In dairy cat
tie special attention is given to milk
production, size is not considered as
long as the animal weighs 1000 pounds
at maturity: while in the beef cattle
size and milking qualities are consid-
cred equally important A beef cow
that does not weigh over 1900 pounds
at maturity should be promptly dis
carded. During the pregnant period
the heifers will require better treat
ment than l have outlined for the
COWS in the first pages of this paper.
While an immature COW is CARRYING
her young there is a great strain on
her vitality. This may be offset by
supplying additional grain which will
Keep her in good thrifty condition,
and enable her to perform her func-
lions of motherhood without injury to
herself or her. offspring. Beef cattle
cared for in the above manner cannot
fail to give good results and if, such
treatment does not bring paying re-
turns less feed and care will surely.
fail to return profit.