The Washington herald., 1906-12-13

New York Dec. 12.-WithOut making
single specific reference to the japanese
situation in San Francisco, Secretary Of.
State Root tonight based his whole
speech before the annual meeting of the
Pennsylvania Association on that subject.
Through his whole address ran con-
clUsiOns and deductions taken from the
action OF the California schools in eXclud-
ing japanese pupils, and the trend Of his
remarks was that changed conditions
must be met by individual States, which
must ultimately frame their laws so as
not to conflict with Federal laws or laws
Of sister States, or expect complete Fed
eral control
Mr.. Root devoted all of his remarks to
a defense of the Capitalization policy Of
the government and to discussing the
future Of the States OF the Union. He
declared that the sentiment for the sepa-
ration OF States had become dim in COM
parison with that for the central govern
ment; that through the marvellous in
ventions OF the past century, State
boundaries had been obliterated and that
our life is winging away from State
oenters and is crystallizing about national
centeTs.
States Failed TO Respond.
He said that it was the failure of the
State to respond to present sentiment in
making laws that was responsible for
much of this centralizing policy, and he
cited the antitrust law anti-rebate law.
and others as examples of what the peo-
pie Of the States had formerly done ade-
quately but no longer did adequately
such matters. he declared. and if the
States failed to give what they want they
vest the power in the central government.
The only way for the States to preserve
their authority, he declared, was by ef-
fectve legislation in conformity 10 the
moral sense OF the country.
Il submit to your judgment" he said.
and 1 desire to press upon you with all
the earnestness 1 possess that there is
but one way in which the States of the
Union can maintain their power and au-
thcrity under the conditions which are
now before Us, and that is By an awaken
ing on the part of the States 10 a realiza-
ton of their own duties to the country AT
large.
Under the conditions which now exist
no State can live unto itself alone, and
regulate only its affairs, its own conven-
tence, and its own special interests. Ev-
cry State is bound to frame its legisla-
ton and its administration with refer
ence not only to its own special affairs
but with reference 10 the effect upon all
its sister States.
states Must Consider Nation.
If any State is maintaining laws
which afford opportunity and authority
for practices condemned by the public
Of
which, through the operation Of our mod
ern system OF communication. are in
furious to the interests of the whole
country. that State is violating the con
ditiOns upon which alone can its power
be preserved.
II any State maintains laws which
promote and foster the enormous over
capitalization Of corporations condemned
by the people Of the country generally:
If any State maintains laws designed TO
make easy the formation Of trusts and
the creation Of monopolies. if any State
maintains laws which permit conditions
Of child labor revolving to the sense of
mankind; If any State maintains laws or
marriage and divorce so far inconsistent
with the general standard of the nation
as to violently derange the domestic re-
Iatons which the majority of the States
~ ~ F0Flf We llldL TldAE Is DIOHDt-
ing the desire Of the people Of the coun-
uy TO seek relief through the Federal
government
Bring Trouble on selves.
The Intervention Of the national gov
ernment in many matters which it has
recently undertaken would have been
wholly unnecessary if the States them
selves had been alive to their duty toward
the general body Of the country. It is
useless for the advocates Of STATES rights
to inveigh against the supremacy of ua-
tional authority in the fields Of necessary
control where the States themselves fan
In the performance of their duty. The
instinct for self-government among the
people of the United States is too sfroro
70 permit them long 10 respect any ones
right TO exercise a power which he fails
TO exercise. The governmental control
which they deem just and necessary they
will some day have
1t may be that such control couid he
better exercised in particular instances
by the governments Of the States. hut
the people viii have the control tbev
need either from the States or from the
national government, and if the States
fail to furnish it IN due measure sooner
OF later constructions of the Constftu-
tlpA VIII De IOunQ 10 vest the power
where il viii be exercised, in the na-
tiOnal government The true and only
way to preserve State authority is to be
found in the awakened conscience Of the
States, their brOadened views and higher
standard Of responsibility to the general
public
How Authority May he Preserved.
The true and only way to preserve
State authority is to be found i'm the
awakened conscience of the States. their
broadened views and higher standard of
responsibility to the general public. in
effective legislation by the States in con-
formity to the general moral sense Of
the country. and in the vigorous exercise
for the general public good of that State
authority which is to be preserved.
The conditions under which the clauses
OF the Constitution distribute powers to
the national and State governments are
now and henCefOrth TO be applied are
widely different from the conditions which
were or could have been within the con-
temptation of the trainers OF the COnsti-
tuition and widely different from those
which obtained during the early years of
the republic
The civil war settled the supremacy
Of the Nation throughout the territory
CONTINUED ON THIRD PAGE