davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1906-09-14
The Battle for Babies Lives.

In 1881 the mortality among children
under five from diarrh9al diseases was
s3.3 to the 1000. In 1905 II was l4.9 to the
1000. In 1905, between June 10 and Sep
TENDER 0, children under Ave TO the num-
Der Of 4,Os6 were killed in the city by
bowel diseases. This year N the oorre-
spending period the deaths were 1892.
What saved in 1905 the lives Of twenty
infants out Of every thousand who In
1881 would have diedH In 1905 what re-
duced the infant mortality by 10 per cent.
in the heated months OF the Year,
The answer to both these questions 10
cleaner milk Practically all the in
fantile diseases included in the class
termed diarrheal are caused by impure
and unclean milk. Were every infant
fed on absolutely pure, clean milk these
ailments would be comparatively rare.
Absolute purity and absolute cleanliness
are unattainable. They may be APP
proximated, however, and when the
public understands how unnecessary
is a high infant mortality, how easily
lives that have been lost through ignor-
ance and greed might have been saved,
a further reduction in the infant death
rate may be expected.
Already private philanthropy and
public effort have done much. To-day
thirty-one health inspectors are busy
pouring into the sewers death and disease
that a few years ago would have been
sold and used as children's food. In the
most crowded districts Of the city mothers
may purchase pure, wholesome milk
and learn free Of cost how to preserve
their babies. In the remotest corners
Of the territory from which comes the
city's milk supply dairymen are learning
that cleanliness pays and that dirt will
not be tolerated.
Race suicide" in this country is a
phantom danger. but race murder in the
sale Of filthy food for infants has been a
real menace. TheHght against IL is being
won, and complete victory Is In sight.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1906-09-14
Pursuing q COnOquialism.

To THR EDITOR OF THE SUN-SR: Let the corre-
spondent who 10 chasing the elusive collOquialism
wait up . bit before he forms hs linguistic con-
illusions. One Of the dlsputants whose contno-
versy Is referred to you for adjudication has found
this morseI OF language set upon q Connecticut
board, the other has feasted his ears upon II in
the Empire State. Why, I've heard the phrase
and used II myself. day In and day out, for years
and years. over here In the transnumInAl province
Of the Jerseys.
Just wait up q minute and let me search the
memory Of q traveller. Here are some OF the re-
VIons where I remember having heard the hearty
smack Of this free and sasy. blue Jeans and single
galus. ploug hshAre and dinner horn expression:
Pike county, Pa.-anf rs Missouri namesake, too:
Virginia. and the Piedmont OF North Carolina.
Jumping the experience OF your three correspond
ents. the phrase 10 pinned on the map over the
names OF no less than half a dozen Safes to recApi-
tulate and collocate, Connecticut, New York. New
Jersey. Pennsylvania. virginia, North Carolina
and Missouri-No South and Fast. IN the
rushing West they never wait. so perhaps they are
unacquainted with the phrase In the refinement
OF the superadded proposition.
Tongues were made when fingers were. and
dictionaries we'll. II not quite 90 late as forks. At
least not until the languages they embalm alive
were old enough to stand up alone. Asshurbanipal
in the seventh pre- Christian century, found no
lack Of materials to hand wherewith 20 keep the
scholars Of his realm OUT Of mischief. inscribing
upon tablets Of clay IN cha ractors cuneiform the
royal dictionary. From the days OF 'khAm I'm
Ahmed Of Oman To those Of the Pathological Society
and DR.. Murray tongues have been more used than
PHOTOGRAPHER. To one denneT OF words there are
millions OF word users. and we are all uncon sciously
but with Industry makers Of words.
Redundancy" Is . GOOD live word; but 10 the
end Of time we shall go on standing up and sitting
down" and doing multitudlnous other homely but
Necessary things the words for which. Topsylike.
were not bom-they Just Erowed." The most
wonderful thing about the wonders Of language
IL that they aren't wonderful at ell when you stop
to think twice about EN-. NEo-CEBARIENsIs.
nnnnaEuLaI E.nlanhan n
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1906-09-14
WOMEN WHO DO NEWS WORK.
Reasons and Results Of Their Employment
Described by q Business Man.

To TIRE EpIToR OF Tux SuN-Sir: There
IL In this world q certain amount OF work to
be done, for the doing Of which q certain
amount Of money must be paid to q certain
number OF men. heads Of families which are
to be supported. Now, suppose that each
OF these heads OF families puts his wife and a
daughter to work. The amount OF work to be
done remains about the same. The sum to
be paid for such work will. OF course, not be
increased. 1t follows that the funds which
formerly went to the head OF the family must
now be divided between himself, his wife and
the daughter. aud the family as q unit Ia no
better on than IL was before. In a broad and
general sense that is what happens.
The effect would be to flood the labor mar
ket, but for the following reasons: The wife
and child are removed from the home. which
must. nevertheless, be cared for. Therefore
servants must be hired: not directly. perhaps,
chased. ready made clothes are worn. and
outside help These thinss employ som o.
Il might easily happen that the mother. before
going to business In the morning, puts on q
waist which Mamie has made in a factory the
week before; or that a daughter earnings
may be required to support a tather yhoee
eSSm.
The effect Is much the same with the un;
Mary do not marry because Mary works and
supports herself. but in doing this she leaves
just half a. much available occupation for
John. who accordingly. receives only BALI
him and eliminate herself from the compe-
tiJion. In. the end the lack OF fresh popula-
ton would make this latter problem adjust
itself. and so the former "a the more grave.
All this is from a strictly economic stand
point. A more painful feature IL the extinc-
ton OF most OF what we think of as home
life" by the wholesale desertion Of those whose
sacred duty 1t is to maintain il. In the end
this latter erect may prove more disastrous
than the other. Our children need, perhaps
more than ever before. the good, steady,
thorough home training which none can give
them but the mother and sister who have
their whole time to devote to that work.
Most men employ women because they are
cheap, not because they do better or even as
good work. in most cases as the men whom
they supplant. Some. who desire to unite
pleasure with. business. employ them because
they are fair to look upon, much as one buys
an expensive hand carved oak case to bold
papers which would be protected as well by
n pine box. My personal experience la that
where. women are employed in an once. With
men they are the cause OF much foolishness
and inattention TO business,
DUMoNT. n. j., September II.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1906-09-14

produced last year manufactured goods
Of a value only a little less than the total
value Of all the manufactured goods pro-
duced by the entire country fifteen years
ego. The value Of the output Of New
York, Pennsylvania and Massachusetts,
exceeds the value Of the nations entire
output In 1880. In these Eve States
are nearly one-half Of all important
manufacturing establishments and a little
mor than one-half Of all the factory wage
earners. The average income Of the
wage earners for the year is practically
$500. This includes workers Of all ages
and of both sexes.
In a secondary group Of producers
New Jersey would lead with STA, $3.50, OBS;
Missouri, Michigan and Wisconsin would
be included with outputs for each be-
tween t4I0,0O0,0O0 and SAC, 100000, and
Indiana, Connecticut and California with
outputs between s3oS. 100000 and $685.
100000. Minnesota il well up with her
S3Os. OOo, 900, and the rest trail along, down
to Nevada with her little s., 100, 900. which
is, nevertheless, an increase Of las per
cent. in the last five years.
Taken broadly, the percentage Of in
crease in the last five years has been
greatest in the South and Southwest.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1906-09-14
For the South TO Think About.

The paramount issue OF the campaign
Of 1908 will be Government ownership
Of railroads If Mr.. BRYAN is the candidate
of the Democratic party, although the
platform may not contain one word
about Government ownership.
OF Imperialism the platform Of 1900
said: "We regard it as the paramount
issue Of the campaign But 1t was not.
The paramount issue was the free coin
age of silver: because, Mr.. BRYAN would
not forswear il; because he could not
be ASSOCIATED from il; and because
his honest belief in 10 was a peril TO the
national credit.
Mr.. BRYAN refuses TO forswear Gov
ernment ownership of railroads, and he
will always be associated with it as long
AZ he is a candidate for the Presidency.
II the Democratic party dominates him
It must take his issue with him. It
might as well let him write il into the
platform as pronounce some other issue
paramount or ignore II altogether.
If Mr.. BRYAN, being accepted as the
candidate, were permitted TO inspire his
own platform, as he was by common
consent in 1900; and If, exercising the
discretion that il the better part Of valor,
he were to keep Government ownership
opt of the platform, 1t would still be the
paramount issue. He might pronounce
tariff revision paramount, but the bust
ness world would dread Government
ownership Of railroads more than a new
tariff law, and Government ownership
would become the vital issue and the
impending peril; because. while the
platform was silent about it, Mr.. BRYAN
could not and would not deny his own
convictions. BRYAN and Government
ownership would be interchangeable
terms, and one would always suggest
the other in the public mind. The peo-
pie would know that his election as
President would be followed by the en-
ployment of all the at his COM
mand TO fasten Government ownership
upon the country.
Mr.. BRYAN may repeat his Louisville
speech in every town Of the South, but
he will not succeed in convincing the
Southern people that he can be their
candidate for President without COM
hitting them to Government ownership
of railroads.
If the South is for Mr.. BRYAN he will
be nominated, but he would be his own
platform.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1906-09-14

an III regulated and half dlgested move
mcnt a. that In the direction OF munic-
lpal ownership a. a solution OF the evils
OF corporate Encouragement and dis
honesty Is only M phase Of the general
search for a method Of rational enjoy
ment Of our prosperity.
The stage, which too frequently fails
TO perform its mission OF holding the
mirror up to nature, has begun to sit up
and take notice. In such plays a. CLYDE
FIrCH's The Climbers CHARLES
KLEIN's 'The Lion and the Mouse and
HopwooD and PoLLocK's Clothes at
tempts have been made TO oondense in
dramatic shape illustrations Of existing
conditions and TO sting them with the
lash Of satire. It may be observed in
passing that the dramatists in pursuing
this course are far more likely to pro-
duoe the real American drama than by
dabbling with picturesque cowboys and
squalid savages.
Neither Mr.. * nor Mr.. MALLoCK
need have the slightest concern about
Americans. They are not travelling
recklessly along a road Of emulous ex-
travagance and self-satisfying indul-
gence. The few who are doing that are
coming rapidly to occupy the unenviable
position of awful examples. The great
body of the people is fully aware OF the
gross materialism Of the estate Of these
few, and Is rapidly acquiring the desire
to see prosperity used as a means to
further enlightenment, to general eleva-
ton and to the widening and deepening
Of refinement.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1906-09-14
calvo or Drago Doctrine?

The Bueros Ayres Herald asked the
other day whether the authorship Of the
doctrine that c%ontractual debts due from
the Government of one country to the
subjects or citizens Of another ought
o to be collectible by force should
be ascribed to DIR. CARLOS CALvo,
an eminent Argentine jurist, who in
Europe is generally credited with il, or
to DIR. DRAGo, who, as Argentine Minis
ter for Foreign Affairs, gave it official
sanction in a note of December %, 1902.
This is a matter Of interest 10Y that all
the countries represented in the recen
Pan-American Conference, including the
United States, have agreed to request
the next Hague Congress to consider
the expediency Of clothing the doctrine
named with the authority of interna-
tional law.
What are the facts? Our Buenos
AyTes contemporary points oLt that Or.
DRAGo, having in mind the dispute then
pending between Venezuela and the
British, German and Italian Govern
ments, declared in his note OF December
20, 1892, that the Argentine Republic
could by no means admit that when
n ~ the amount of what it might W
should be determined by a judicial sem
tence, il should be deprived Of the option
of choosing the manner and occasion OF
payment, matters in which it would have
no less, II not more, interest than the
creditor. Further on in the same note
he said:
" The principle I would wish to see recognized
is that a public debt"-tthe context shows that a
debt arising not from a tort but out Of contract
s ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Justify armed lnterven.
ton
Before this note was written DR..
CALvo. in a work which has a European
reputation, lie Droit international The
CIRQUE ct Pratique," had said that inter-
national law, strictly construed, does not
Justify the armed Intervention of Gov
ernments for the recovery Of c%ontractual
debts and the prosecution Of private
claims. He had gone on to assert that
a. the States Of Europe invariably follow
bis rule in their reciprocal relations,
-here is no reason why 1t should not be
binding on them also in their relations
with the nations Of the New World. Else
where in his book DR.. CALvO quail
fed the statement above cited, by the
suggestion that If in principle it is diff
cult even to admit that Governments
have grounds for intervening on behalf
of their subjects who freely have con-
sented TO lend money to foreign Govern
ments, il is certain that equity demands
that such in~terposition in private con-
tracts shall not take place without full
knowledge Of the issues involved, or,
in other words, until the validity and
amount ofan allegeddebt have been judi
cialy determined by a competent and
an impartial tribunal.
We would here lay stress on the fact
that DR.. CALvo, in the final and qualified
statement gt his doctrines, did not abso-
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1906-09-14
Treatment OF Modern Ballet wounds.
From ne Pon-GraduaGs.

BVOW INC POST-GTQdu0TA.
A most Interesting and far reaching experiment
on . large scale wss performed At the battlefield
of Mukden. Several sanitary ocnccrs with good
surgical training being present. out Of IN soldiers
wounded In theabdomen, atty were operat,- iron
by Aparotomy, the nifty others left alone. the only
treatment consisting In absolute rest and In keep
ing the external wound opening clcan. OF the
nfiy soldiers operated upon forty died. Of the non
operated forty survived. THIS striking result In
dicated the manner OF treatment of abdominal
wounds throughout the whole war. LAparotomy
on or IN the rear Of the battlefield was aftervArd
hardly ever performed. but strict cart was taken
that all soldiers wounded IN the abdomen had abso.
lutte rest for the nrst three days.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1906-09-14
RAdIun In TIE Thalsr's BirthplAos.


As the result OF searching chemical examination
Of uranium earth from the Joachimsshal In Boz
hernia the Vienna Imperial Academy OF Science
has made some extremely valuable discoveries
In tho neld OF radium. All tho work was done In
the academy's Laboratories here. and no less than
10000 kilogrammes (some nifty tons) Of earth was
subjected 20 searching tests ana experiments.
These resulted In the extraction OF nsdium products
worth at the present market price nearly q million
kronen, or more than 10000. Tho earth was
taken nom the State mines In JoachimsthA, and
DR.. Hartinger conducted the investigation. The
valuable products thus obtained VIII nos be sold.
but will remain the property Of the Academy and
be used for further scientific reecArch.
In order 10 control the general methods Of OBJ
tanning radium, which 10 now found only IN JOAnhimB.
thai. the Ministry of Agriculture has decided 20
build It's own laboratories there for the production
OF rAdium salts. II In also proposed 20 exploit the
healing properties OF radium by establishing a health
resort in J-oAchimsthal and using the springs IN the
mines there tor curative purposes. both In baths
and for drinking.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1906-09-14

TO TIE EDITOR or THE SUN-Sfr: This is paw
paw time in old Kentucky. and I never saw inner
ones. To-day I prepared a surprise for some
friends BY serving 10 them psw-paw ice cresm
I prepared II in the same way that banana ice
cream 10 made. allowing one paw paw for each
saucer Of cream. ! did not remove the seeds. 40
the richest meat 10 next 10 them.
Those that psrtook OF II pronounced II delicious.
I believe that this Is the nrst time the luscious paw.
paw has been served In this manner.
J. p. 3. LILLARD.
POVERTY FLAT. KY, September II.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1906-09-14

.
least pathetic incident Ia ths trial was the evi.
dence Of the prisoners ten-year-old son. q
strange unohlldish elf who nursed his baby
brother, tried " comfort MS mother and "as
the good spirit OF that unhappy household'
Ny papa and mamma got on well sometimes.
I don't know any reason why they did not get IN
well. He called her bad names. have heard
him swear at her. Mamma never USED oad words
10 him. Mamma LETT the room wnSn ne uscd bra
words ana some,mes sne enea. : aSo 'Ieu some
tLmes wnen . un ~. 49, -. a. 80 49, uU,'
es'ruoA 70 ns "oAu -
y OroWn AomitVeu 1hss o'IaceS oi OPIUM
were 70 De Iouhu III the Oouy, anu Ieheu en-
tirely upon the analysis OF inc nhen slalhs,
out their meuIShi "Itnees Hns'i 'nat "
would nave oeen loIe 70 eNpect 70 nnu VeStg'S
OF so easily aosoroeu a hAIVoUc t"Snty-lour
hours after n mad oeen swalIoMsu. me pr'-
oner had been the last person WIN Ms Nneon
the evening before she oIsu' Gnu Ns "au eh.
loyen Luli opportunity Vi uSsNn. ."e u"u' suu
possibly NnS Iemohauo, VIII ~ ep'uIn'
The declaratlon emN'Vu W IN IN Scolch
fashion consisted IarKeiyO Etou"YSnS SnaIEes
OF innduty SsnIn's .N, Lv ~ s.nans
that she bad peen poisoneu ~ M eSrape OF
gas WHICH. 90 ne sad' comp'e'eS n'eu her
bedroom.
/ MI. Irayner Speeoh sus HoIou NV m-
genlous. out unoOnV.hous. ny
limited hlmsen 70 oonVenunns Inas '" PROSE-
outlon mao nov nlsu0 W. -
not tnere 10 say inst Mmo' Snan''eNo uru
from poisoning py cos. $50 ne Ivy .hrIe
10 say rom Wha1 sne uIou ~ = .,
70 say sne dld not ne from p'I nn.nn"
70 her oy inc prIsoneI; ~
Iaporeo 10 prove NAV y ounai
evidence, "a wen - = ! Ia - ~
favoraole 70 tne gas ~ ."oS .mo
attempt 70 orIne monty y $500 DU :. ~
gas pipe 70 the prisoner = ~. . us
man ines OF oe1ehce ~ nssauSJ
majority OF the common VI poIS"n-
ing py opium were soesn.' ooNn ~ .ne
unconsolousness OF .n1 .S.. a. Iaum ~,
post-moftem smn rS",nTs ~ snrn
time TOT "nIcn MIMI.
was entreIy contrary 70 :. usua ~Iu1sou
narcotic poisoning. inst the sec nv =
linen stainshao peen suo1o1Vou - Po
and tnat, sven u 1ney xS"n
the presence OF opium, my ~ u' w
low thst tnst suosCs Tn ~ -
mouth OF stoinsch Inp 49, -
ne mace " a stIons H'ms .s y. .Mn'
between tnc ooa'n y Se rt.h -. -
oner couId nave nSuo w. ~
linen OF oDnCeIs.ou ~ 1919. 70. ~.
stook oeienOe OF soOo 80
tie or notnuns q va VI n~S .enS
suIIvon . 80 S~nS"aS It, ~ ho,r ora
bcIu mVno p-~S~ ..htoh rnsrv Fnr-
twenty mlnutesS se ..nS A. Ill
hsh Juones wouiu a. ~. N..S. 90. g..
SPENT. ns ueauly eS 4 ID. 80, xoes,rod
the prisoner Wy pv'n mSna-.",Nn h.. ~.
Jus meeu vi respeotiu DS 'wo
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1906-09-14
rho Shrinking Of Samuel.

From ths Providenes Evening Bulletin.
President Gompers. with all the strength OF
the great FEEDER alton OF Labor to call upon.
has accomplished nothing In his campaign In
Maine. His influence there has been at least
negative. Throughout the rest OF the country
It cannot fail to shrink. as . natural conse-
duence. to miserable proportions. His inter-
ference win no longer be feared. bis aid may
no longer be greatly desired. IL 10 clear
enough he had little or no nfuenc over even
the members OF his own Federation.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1906-09-14
No Comfort for GOmpers.

From the Washington Ersnin0 Stdy.
Union labor directed its efforts solely
against Mr.. Little6eld. but he seems 20 have
Jared but little worse than his colleagues In
the House. Messrs. Allen and Powers. both OF
whom lost heavily a. compared with the
figures 81 four years ago. and yet neither OF
whom Was opposed by Nr. Gompers. The
truth appears to be that Maine was in q fer
ment about the prohibition law and its execu-
ton. and the Republicans had 10 fight for
their lives.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1906-09-14
rHE OOMPERs cAMPAE0N.


From tia Bost0A TranScrtpG
The great night was against Congressman
Littleisld. whose victory was achieved In
spite Of the combined influence Of resubmis-
sion and or ganl1ed labor headed and directed
by 0ompers. The fact that Mr.. Livtleheid
ran ahead Of the state ticket. held ~ well
to his past vote In the mill owns and car
rIed such q labor stronghold a. vinA Haven.
nlled with quarry workers. IL conclusive esti-
mony that he suffered more from the resub-
mission movement han from Gomperss
assaults. Indeed. there are shrewd observ-
ers OF Maine politics and sentiment who think
that 0ompers helped Mr.. Llttleheld By d.
verting attention from resubmission and
pushing the sturgIs Commissi0ns methods
into the background.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1906-09-14

From ne Japansse-Amsrean Commsrefal Weekly.
Because OF the proposal to raise the fax by the
Toxic street Car Transit Company In spite Of pub
lie opposition, the members OF the japanese ~
cialIsts' League made a declaration 70 the Nt-t
that no member OF the league shall ride on the
street railway cars 20 long as the proposal Is net
Withdrawn. and this league Is named Never Ride
On Car LAaRuaS
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1906-09-14

Even men Of the exalted character and
eminence Of the Secretary Of State are not
safe from being b~esmirched by having their
names handled by the blackmailer and thief
whose foul grip Is on the throat Of the Re-
publican party Of the Empire State.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1906-09-14

II was Q surprise TO many members OF the league
that Mt. HEARsT. who has 90 strongly advocated
the principles the league 10 built upon, would con-
sent TO q dcke CT at the expense OF thoee principles
A delegate TO ne Independence League CcDceNnon.
Tut. tut. Isn't IL Mr.. HEARsr's personal
league. created and financed by him. and
ought he not TO be allowed 10 do with his
own as he sees ftf
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1906-09-14
ROOSEVELT.
BELIEF Of the Everyday People That He 10
the Man TO Beat Bryan.

TO THE EDITOR OF The sUN-Sir: There
Ia q great deal OF talk TO the effect that Preei-
dent Roosevelt lie sure to be rsnominatod
In 1905. In spite Of his uneauivooal declaration
that he would not accept another nomipation.
The everyday people say that he is the only
man who can beat Bryan. and the politicians
say that be will have the Federal of1ceholders
as a solid mass for him because he wants the
nomination. REPUBLICAN.
LOUISVILLE. September II.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1906-09-14

This does not include the product Of
a large number Of comparatively small
concerns, whose aggregate output would
probably add nearly il not quite another
billion Of dollars to the sum. II all the
industries, large and small, be included,
It appears that these Ave States alone