The Fulton County news. [volume] (McConnellsburg, Pa.) 1899-current, 1906-04-11

8 w o engineer is largely the diff
4 " ference between the respec-
WON tive mechanical apparatus
of which they have charge. A sta
tlonary engineers plant is always per-
manent as to location and foundation,
while marine engineers is constantly
shifting MS TO the former.
A stationary engineer. as rule,
drives horizontal engines; marine en-
gneer contents himself with the per-
pendicular brand. During the past
five years considerable improvement
has been made in the turbine engine
so that 1t looks as IL the great mass of
machinery now carried in the hold of
an ocean liner will be greatly reduced,
as the turbine is the simplest Of all
engines.
This recently developed engines sue
cess on land, in large Western power
plants, has proved its superiority over
the reciprocating engine, both rs
power producer and as an economizer
of fuel. 1t is my opinion that few
more years will see the reciprocating
engine passing to the scrap pile.
Perhaps it would be just as well for
me to give the general distinction be-
tween the marine or perpendicular en-
Gine the land or horizontal engine, and
the turbine. which Is suitable for both.
The marine engine is built perpen
dicular because that is the most eco
nomical form aboard a ship; if hori-
zontal engine were placed aboard a
ship the floor space it would occupy
would be from three to four times the
amount of floor space occupied by a
vertical engine of the same horse
power and floor space aboard ship is q
very valuable consideration. In hori-
zontal engines the stroke of the piston
is well illustrated by man planning
board: he planes parallel with his
bench in the vertical engine the stroke
is like that of a churndasher, up and
down.
Marine engines may be either single
double. triple. quadruple, or even quin-
! tuple or sextuple expansion engines.
| That is, they may have one, two, three.
four. five CT six cylinders, all of in
| creasng size. each driving q piston
! rod. The average liner may have from
two to four OF these giant engines,
! with double battery of twelve boilers,
supplying them with steam at a press
ure all the way from 240 to 400 pounds
TO the square inch.
On a land engine all this power
might be, and in some rare instances is
concentrated in one gigantic vertical oil
horizontal engine. but aboard ship ar
engine cannot afford to be too tall, else
in rough weather. it would lose its cen
tire of gravity and topple over. AS {
rule, twin-screw steamers have engines
known as the port starboard engine
each engine driving an Independent
shaft or screw; these engines may b.
and frequently are coupled up so tina
they work together. but aboard battle
ships they are always left uncoupled
because it assists in maneuvring to b.
able to drive one screw faster than thu
other
In Il triple screw steamer there arr
usually three independent engines
each driving a screw. These engines
may represent all the way from 100 t.
1900 horse power, and as horse pow
or means the lifting of $4,000 pounds
one foot in one minute. you can figure
out what 1900 horse power engine
does in the way of work in six-daJ
transatlantic voyage.
But these engines are not all the en-
gines used aboard giant liner. There
is an Independent engine used for drlv
ing the dynamos of the electric plant
another for driving the ventilatin9
fans, another for driving the hold hoist
and still another for the anchor holst'
and the refrlegatins plant.
An engineers staff aboard liner Il
made up about as follows: Chief engi
neer. two senior engineers, four 1uniol
engineers, four machinists, four yeo
men, eight to ten oilers and wipers, ont
chief of fire room, three assistant fire
chiefs, thirty to fifty stokers, twent.