davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Las Vegas daily optic. [volume] (Las Vegas, N.M.) 1880-1908, 1906-05-22

Miss Vera Chapman viii leave In
I few days for Wichita. Kan. whore
she win become the bride Of Charles
Rathburn, Who Il now q member Of
the Wichita League Baseball club.
Mr. Rathburn Il 4 Las Vegas young
man who n making good q . q pro
fessional baseball player. He played
last season with the champion Las
Vegas Blues
Las Vegas daily optic. [volume] (Las Vegas, N.M.) 1880-1908, 1906-05-22

MSS Sadie O'Byrne had 4 narrow
escape from being bitten BY d large
dog yesterday afternoon. She was rid.
Ing on the street IN her cart. when q
strange dog ran out towards the horse
but passed IL and made a leap at her.
The animal succeeded in getting .
hold of the bottom of her skirts A.
she jumped 10 the other side Of the
buggy. and tore great rents In her
dress before II let loose. The mad.
dened brute aid not make q second
attempt 10 iniure her. for which Mise
O'Byrne was very thankful
Las Vegas daily optic. [volume] (Las Vegas, N.M.) 1880-1908, 1906-05-22

hroken Journal on i freight car
tied mp the Santa Re az Chapelle yes
terdaS The wrecker was called ont
from this city 1t nine o'clock ID the
morning and the damage had not been
repaired & noon. delaying. No, no and
No 2 lonesome time.
Las Vegas daily optic. [volume] (Las Vegas, N.M.) 1880-1908, 1906-05-22

Invitations We're received In Las
Vegas today for the wedding Of Miss
Agnes Malcolm Blackwell, daughter
% Mr. and Mrs, Arthur Blackwell, for,
msrly q Las Vegas and now Of ST
Lssse. a44 ENrmsly Webb HerricA.
sho is 4 dirsctM IN the san Miguel
bank. The ,nuptials take place on
'une ~ e. the Bofinxer Memorial
church 10 81. Louis.
Las Vegas daily optic. [volume] (Las Vegas, N.M.) 1880-1908, 1906-05-22

B. II. Tallmadge. Of the Tailmadee
Land and Irritation company, which
has been brought into d~isagreeable
prominence In the prosecution for al
legged land frauds In the pecos valley.
waa 4 visitor n Las Vegas last night
and registered 1t the Castaneda hotel.
Las Vegas daily optic. [volume] (Las Vegas, N.M.) 1880-1908, 1906-05-22

Las vfeas friends have received IN.
vitaQoQf 10 the wedding Of Miss Josie
AEnss SlIney Of Quincy, Ill. 10 Her
nsn Ic~eps FueAlen u 81. Louis. the
nauisse 70 take race Tuesday morn
In, June 9Th, at Quincy.
Las Vegas daily optic. [volume] (Las Vegas, N.M.) 1880-1908, 1906-05-22

a sang ~ ffty men isft this city
The latter part part Of last week for
Hanranols. Colorado. where they havs
signed 4 contract III work III the M.
gar beet neias III that vicinity. They
ere an residents o. this county.
Las Vegas daily optic. [volume] (Las Vegas, N.M.) 1880-1908, 1906-05-22

Manager smitners Of the castaneda
hotel d very wroth over depredatnns
committed ut The hotel Sunday even
inE. Thieves stole d number OF phnts
from the castaneda porch. which had
been carefully tended during the win
tsr. A couple of young men Ee unj
der suspicion.
Las Vegas daily optic. [volume] (Las Vegas, N.M.) 1880-1908, 1906-05-22

81 uspChfr~. proprietors 81
The hFft6o>sl4 lore and lee cream
paricr~ ii hh6re ctrpet. ~ having
. lsrxe arc iixhi<d eesd IN front of
49, pIsce Of -
Las Vegas daily optic. [volume] (Las Vegas, N.M.) 1880-1908, 1906-05-22

Forecast: rAr1y csoudy III I'M
north PARTON a. the territory. chow.
srp spniKhs and Wednesday in the
N4A1ast porticn. CepIer "Wednesday.
Las Vegas daily optic. [volume] (Las Vegas, N.M.) 1880-1908, 1906-05-22

Maria JossntA Sanchez. d two
nscnfhx' Old child. died % the west
side yesterday ftorn Group.
Las Vegas daily optic. [volume] (Las Vegas, N.M.) 1880-1908, 1906-05-22

The costumes for rbe Merchant Of
Venice ~ here and &Te beauties.
Don't fail 70 ~ Il
Las Vegas daily optic. [volume] (Las Vegas, N.M.) 1880-1908, 1906-05-22

Reserve sess sails o % for The
Merchant Of Venice IN 10 Dale.
Price. ~ c~ets.
Las Vegas daily optic. [volume] (Las Vegas, N.M.) 1880-1908, 1906-05-22

Tbe Retail Clerks usion sii hold
III regular meeting tonight.
Las Vegas daily optic. [volume] (Las Vegas, N.M.) 1880-1908, 1906-05-22

Tia evsat Il inc ssssoa. tbe
nlgsrst ban. N1y sssh. ksils
Las Vegas daily optic. [volume] (Las Vegas, N.M.) 1880-1908, 1906-05-22
- &~hf Il

lAst night. fSsshouah The
ssteafaRoe was very liahf. Arrange
pensSsAase hem made fnr d mounted
NH after The exercises On Decoration
day.
Las Vegas daily optic. [volume] (Las Vegas, N.M.) 1880-1908, 1906-05-22

~. c. A. bo&t1 q directors
~ Of ! check for s75 from
Railway Conductors. the
1pplied IN furnishing b
of11 hide y. NC. A build.
Lewiston evening teller. [volume] (Lewiston, Idaho) 1903-1911, 1906-09-12
SENDS S. BILL
TO The Wash

Who got Jack Coburn's five simo.
leans?
This is question which Jack Co.
burn, who presides behind the ma
hogany as day mixologist at the TIA
coma saloon would like to have an.
swered. But the question is not the
vital point in the matter. greater i'm
portance being attached to the matter
OF Jack being out five dollars.
friend gave Mr. Coburn a five-dollar
Dill last night with instructions tina,
ne give 1t to Robert Latimer, the pro
prietor. Mr.. Coburn placed the green
back in his working white coat, Last
night. he removed the blouse but not
the FIVE. The vestment was this
morning sent to the laundry and is
now either revealing in soap suds or
else reposing in the pocket of some
laundry employee.
Lewiston evening teller. [volume] (Lewiston, Idaho) 1903-1911, 1906-09-12
BETTER SHOWS
TO Be GIVEN
Entire Northwest Will Be,.
efit 1heatricalIy By
New Ruling.

Better attractions than evar
sured for Lewiston and ~. d.
northwest from this time on &c s
suit OF the recent ruling of tbo 49,,
roads. This ruling is to tho es''.
that with every 25 tickets so,a D.. ec'
atrical companies, they will give aS
baggage car free of charge. '
The heavy expense for tbo 49,.
oortatlon OF scenery and costumes bo,
been the great drawback in restroin
Ing so many good companies from, 81.
itfng this section. The managers uo.,
ize that Lewiston and other cities or
the circuit of the Northwest 7so
atrical association are the hest shou
towns In the country, but thew how,
been unable to send their attractions
out this way because of the heavy or
penditure that would be incurred Dr.,
this has been removed by the nav,
regulations Just issued by the Trans.
continental Passenger association AZ.
fecting theatrical baggage and which
went into effect September |. Hitb.
erto all travelling theatrical com.
panies which buy rs tickets will he
given one extra baggage car free Of
charge. This will result in a great
saving of money to theatrical man.
ayers during the season, an excess
Baggage charges over the long lines
Of travel in western territory were
heavy item in the seasons expenses,
Lewiston evening teller. [volume] (Lewiston, Idaho) 1903-1911, 1906-09-12
FAMILY FEUD.
OVER CARRIERS

BOSTON, Mass, Sept. 12.-For six
years Lyman and Lena Raymond,
brother and sister, of Pittsfield, have
been living in bitter enmity, the cause
OF which was a pair of red silk gar
tiers. 1t was not the intrinsic value
of these useful accessories of attire
that originated the feud. but the fact
that they had belonged to the litigants'
mother, who died in 1900. Neither
Lyman nor Lena would relinguish
their claim to the full and undisputed
possession Of the interesting heirloom,
and at last feeling ran so high that
the assistance of the law was invoked
to settle the matter once and for ALL
The administrator of the law, with
true Solomonic wisdom, has cut the
knot by awarding one garter to Ly-
man and one to Lena-\'lich, how
ever, in each case will leave one
loose stocking.
Lewiston evening teller. [volume] (Lewiston, Idaho) 1903-1911, 1906-09-12
Wife UNCOvERS
PREVIOUS WILL

NEW YORK, Sept. 12.-The Eve
ming World says it Is informed on
reliable authority that there will be
a contest Of the will Of the late Her
man Oelrichs who cut off his wife
with nothing from his estate and be-
queathed to his son only few guns
and other sporting things.
Mrs. Oelrichs Is said to be on her
way to San Francisco with a will
dated several years ago which left
all Of Oelrich's property to his wife.
The first will Is to be offered in pro-
bate either in San Francisco or In
New York shortly.
Mrs. Oelrichs expressed great sur
prise at the terms of the will made
public yesterday, which left practi-
cally the entire estate to Oelrich's
blood relatives.
Lewiston evening teller. [volume] (Lewiston, Idaho) 1903-1911, 1906-09-12
WHEAT YIELD
HAS Been FINE
Far Exceeded Expectations
Of Farmers In Lap
wal Country.
Special to Evening Teller.

Special to Evening Teller.
LAPWAI, Idaho. Sept. 12.-(By Nez
Perez Cooperative Telephone y
Wheat hauling has commenced in
earnest in this section of the country
Inc grain is being hauled to the ware
houses in the city for shipment to
eastern markets. ]. ]. Hogoboam. a
farmer living near town, Yesterday
marketed part of his crop of 5000
SACKS OF wheat He states that the
yield has far exceeded his expectations
In all particulars and that the grain
is "panning out" in very good shape
What indians Are Doing.
The Indians of this vicinity are at
this time of year either taking their
siesta I'm the Bitter Root mountains
or are hauling their crop of grain 70
me markets. The renegade eiemco,
VIII return from their hunting trim
ne latter part of the month. or after
such time as they have secured their
necessary supply of meat for the win
ter.
The Indians who have been CANNED
in the city for some time ENJOYING
their dances have disbandcd and win
not come together again until about
Christmas time, when another fest:va;
snd dance carnival will be held.
Lapwai Personals.
A. d. Gross of Mohler. the demo-
cratic candidate for treasurer. was in
the city yesterday on business. While
here he made a trip of inspection
over his possible field for election.
Ex-senator Louis Clark of Clifford.
'ice president of the Bank of Clifford.
was in the. city yesterday on BUSH
less.
Bales & Jones, the cattlemen, pass
Lewiston evening teller. [volume] (Lewiston, Idaho) 1903-1911, 1906-09-12
new BUILDING
TO COST $4,000

Special to Evening Teller.
COTTONWOOD. Idaho, Sept. IA
(By Nee Perez Co-Optrative Tele-
phone )-Workmen are busily en-
gagged in rushing to completion the
$4,000 building which is being erected
for John Funk on the towns prin-
cipal thoroughfare. The new struc-
ture will add materially to the beauty
of the town and to it's business APP
pearance and its construction is but
another indication of the confidence
which substantial men repose in the
future Of the community.
The building will be occupied by
two saloons and barber shop.
Lewiston evening teller. [volume] (Lewiston, Idaho) 1903-1911, 1906-09-12
PRACTICE. -

BAND PRACTICE. - The high
school band met for It's second rehear-
sal on Monday evening with over 30
members present. The membership is
constantly Increasing and will soon
reach such proportions as will neces-
state an additional instructor. and a
larger place of meeting. The band
was last year organized by Hal Tilley
Of this city with few minor pieces.
Interest has been aroused this year to
such degree that the band is con-
slant topic of interest at the school.
Lewiston evening teller. [volume] (Lewiston, Idaho) 1903-1911, 1906-09-12
FINE ESTABLISHMENT.

FINE ESTABLISHMENT. - I'VE
will necessarily have to double the
capacity of the establishment as our
business is increasing 80 fast" said
Manager Shredder of the Lewiston
Steam laundry this afternoon. "The
laundry has been recently moved to
its new quarters in the Dowd build
ing, near the depot, and has the best
equipped establishment in the city.
The entire heating apparatus is in the
basement: this arrangement does
away with the heat of the ironing
room on the top floor. New machin-
cry is being constructed at the laun-
dry building and space Is left in the
arrangement for machinery which has
been ordered from the east.
Lewiston evening teller. [volume] (Lewiston, Idaho) 1903-1911, 1906-09-12
RAILROAD WORK
IS PROGRESSING
Special to Evening Teller.

special to Evening Teller.
COTTONWOOD, Idaho, Sept. H.
(By Nez Perez Cooperative Tele-
phone). -Grading on the railroad
work inside the corporate limits Of the
city Is being pushed to completion as
fast as possible. Men are at work
on the trestle in the city, which is ia
be so feet high and 400 feet long. The
grounds for the location Of the sta
tion and depot yards are being pre-
pared just below the city
No trouble is presenting itself among
the Italian laborers who are working
on the construction. They appear to
be faithful workmen.
Lewiston evening teller. [volume] (Lewiston, Idaho) 1903-1911, 1906-09-12
Bond Election in Seattle.

SEATTLE. Wash. Sept. IA spe.
cial election is being held in Seattle
today to decide on the issuance Of
$4,273,000 worth Of bonds for mu.
nicipal street railway system and the
extension and enlargement of the &c.
dar river water system.
Lewiston evening teller. [volume] (Lewiston, Idaho) 1903-1911, 1906-09-12
FOR NEW CATHOLIC SCHOOL.

Work Of Cutting Lumber Being Dons
on Ground to Save Hauling.
Special to Evening Teller.
COTTONWOOD, Idaho, Sept. a.
(By Nez Perez Cooperative Tele-
phone.) on the lumber cutting
for the Catholic school has begun. The
work is being done by J. H. Fores-
man, on the location Of the school
three west of the city, The cutting
Of the lumber on the grounds will
eliminate extra hauling.
Lewiston evening teller. [volume] (Lewiston, Idaho) 1903-1911, 1906-09-12

ed through the city yesterday with
herd of cattle bound for Genesee
where they will place the animals on
the stubble fields. One hundred and
fifty cattle We're in the herd.
Lewiston evening teller. [volume] (Lewiston, Idaho) 1903-1911, 1906-09-12

ENTERTAINED BY DIRECTORS.
Nat Reiss the carnival man, was
yesterday afternoon entertained by a
party Of the fair directors by drive
throughout the city.
Lewiston evening teller. [volume] (Lewiston, Idaho) 1903-1911, 1906-09-12

Is your appetite bad? Do you feel
at noon as II you didn't care whether
YOU eat dinner or not? Our meals
are appetizing The Grand Restaurant
Lewiston evening teller. [volume] (Lewiston, Idaho) 1903-1911, 1906-09-12

Mrs. Kidder has returned to her
home at Kooskia after a. short visit in
the city on business.
Lewiston evening teller. [volume] (Lewiston, Idaho) 1903-1911, 1906-09-12

Take your prescriptions Ia the
chastain MeNair Drup Co.
Lewiston evening teller. [volume] (Lewiston, Idaho) 1903-1911, 1906-09-12

Fresh, pure drugs and chemicals II
the chastain McNair Drug Co.
Lewiston evening teller. [volume] (Lewiston, Idaho) 1903-1911, 1906-09-12
ali a. s.le.

John T. Campbell to Joseph Was
meier, 40 horses. $4,000.
Lewiston evening teller. [volume] (Lewiston, Idaho) 1903-1911, 1906-09-12

You are sure to enjoy your dinner
II you eat 1t at the Grand Restaurant.
Lewiston evening teller. [volume] (Lewiston, Idaho) 1903-1911, 1906-09-12

Rest and strength IN egg phosphate.
made 1t the chastain MeNalr Druo Co.
Lewiston evening teller. [volume] (Lewiston, Idaho) 1903-1911, 1906-09-12

The largest glass Of beer in town =,
the Tacoma.
Lewiston evening teller. [volume] (Lewiston, Idaho) 1903-1911, 1906-09-12
Cove Lunch Counter.
Chile concarne. tomalas and sho,.
orders.
LEWIS GELRAcH Prom

RETURNS FROM TRIP SOUTH :
j. l.. Chapman has returned from, =
trip of inspection among the lodges
OF ODD Fellows in the southern Dor
ton or the state. While on the trim
MIR. chapman attended the irrigation
congress at Boise and states that he
was very well satisfied with the on
pearance OF the entire affair. The
The lodges in the southern part Of this
star We're found to be in an exception.
ally healthy condition.
The forum. [volume] (Springfield, Ill.) 1904-192?, 1906-06-09
Opportunity for Young Men.

Inc demands in all parts of this
country. and in several foreign coun.
Ties, for well-trained men of our race
III the direction of scientific and
practical agriculture are so great
that this institution is willing TO
oHer exceptional advantages to young
men who wish to come here and
cake either a regular or postgraduate
course In agriculture. We cannot
oegIn to supply the demands that
come TO us for trained men in the
direction of agriculture. The posi-
tions Tor which these trained men
are wanted are those in almost
every case which pay high salaries
we wish to get hold of men who|
nave received as far as possible. al
eooo education before coming here
ana are ready to enter on tho
rough course in agriculture. Per.
sohs' however, can pursue the literary
studies at Tuskegee, while taking
the course in agriculture. For futher
information address.
hooker Il. WASHINGTON
Principal, Tuskegee Intitute.
Alabama
The forum. [volume] (Springfield, Ill.) 1904-192?, 1906-06-09
A Musical Recital
"A Rare Treat.

There will be Grand Musical
Recital and Floral Reception
given at ST. Paul's A. M. E.
church, June 9th under the au-
spices of Mrs. Abner Naylor for
the benefit OF the church. The
chief attraction of the evening
will be the singing of Miss Ger
trude Jones, one of Chicagos
noted singers. Miss Jones has
kindly consented to sing for us
before leaving for europe. She
will be assisted by few of
Springfield's best talent. Re-
memb Der the date, June 9th.
Come one, come all and see the
beautiful flowers and hear the
sweet singing of one of our most
noted singers.
The forum. [volume] (Springfield, Ill.) 1904-192?, 1906-06-09
Admission Csc.

Wanted a reliable young man
and lady to solicit for good firm
good money. A person in each
city is desired. Apply or write
to III N. 9th st. 6-2-3
The forum. [volume] (Springfield, Ill.) 1904-192?, 1906-06-09
CITY STEAM
BAKERY. =:
G. HARTMANN, Proprietor.
Both Telephones 822.
800 East Adams Street,
PRINGFIELD, ILLINOIS.
The Don't Worry Club.

The don't worry Club was en-
tanned last Wednesday at 207 So.
14th, by Mrs. Nancy Florville,
in a very superb manner.
Delicious cooling refreshments
were served: Ice cream, cske,
fruit and cool drinks.
The club was the ecipient of
letter from the National Pro
tective League of Boston, wish
Jig them to affiliate.
The forum. [volume] (Springfield, Ill.) 1904-192?, 1906-06-09

WHEN IN ST. LOUIS Stop at
WRIGHT and BOLEN'S DRUG
STORE-lce Cream and fine toilets
1898 Mraket street.
The forum. [volume] (Springfield, Ill.) 1904-192?, 1906-06-09

Elegant Sunday dinners at the
eerless. E"
The forum. [volume] (Springfield, Ill.) 1904-192?, 1906-06-09
NEW HOPE NOTES.

Sunday at II a. m. preaching,
by d. J, D. U dsrwood. At 8 p.
m preaching, by the pastor,
sub. Capitalization and duty of
d 'acons."
The forum. [volume] (Springfield, Ill.) 1904-192?, 1906-06-09
Smoke the ) point, Set
Cigar.

Miss Gertrude Jones, Cleve-
land, Ohio. a singer, will appel r
at st. Paul, June q. DOM miss
it.
Las Vegas daily optic. [volume] (Las Vegas, N.M.) 1880-1908, 1906-04-07

~ $X%%&& % @S&#&##$&# &%5&8A@
Las Vegas daily optic. [volume] (Las Vegas, N.M.) 1880-1908, 1906-04-07
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Las Vegas daily optic. [volume] (Las Vegas, N.M.) 1880-1908, 1906-04-07


-
Arizona republican., 1906-03-20
WARRANT FOR SC0TTY
 MYSTERIOUS MINER
Charged With Implication in the Ann
 bush of His Own Party.

Los Angeles, Cal. March 19.-A spe- cial to the Express from San Bernar- dino says; Warrants have been sworn out here for the arrest of Walter Scott, the mysterious miner Wm. Keys and Shorty" Smith, charging them with an assault with a deadly weapon on Dr. Johnson, president of the Ma tional Insurance company of New York, A w. St. Clair, Warner Scott, A. Pearl, J. Owen and J. J. Hartigal, all mem bers of the Scott party al the time the alleged ambush occurred in whicn Warner Scott w2s seriously wounded
 It is said that the trio will be placed under arrest @t once. Walter Scott Is playing at the Empire theater, Port land, Ore. The authorities there were notified today to apprehend him. Sher- fir Rappys and Under Sheriff McNabe yesterday went to the desert between Daggett and Goldfeld, where Smith and Keys had been located, to place them under arrest.
 The warrants are the result of an investigation by the San BernardinC county authorities into the alleged am bush at Wingate Pass, in Death Val ley, on February 26, when Warner Scott, a brother of Walter Scott was seriously wounded from ambush.
Arizona republican., 1906-03-20
ALL STATEHOOD
 FATFD 10 FAIL
That is Secretary GOOdrich's Estimate
 Ofthe Situation.

Roy $. Goodrich. secretary of the Arizona delegation which went to Washington to use its influence in the defeat Of joint statehood, returned home yesterday morning. He says there is little to tell concerning the situation in addition to the reports that have reached here by wire.
 MT. Goodrich. however. expresses the personal opinion that there will be no statehood legislation of any sort this year He says that Speaker Can non is thoroughly aroused and de- clares there will be no statehood legis- Iation unless il is the kind he wants, and the indications are that MT. Can non is in a position to make his threat good.
 There is a hope. however, that he may be thwarted by the efforts of the Oklahoma people. MT. Goodrich says the work of the Arizona delegation af- ter the passing of the amended bill in the senate. was devoted to doing all possible in the interest of Oklahoma and particularly to impressing the Oklahoma representative that in order to succeed in the admission or their joint state they must secure added in- huence from Kansas, Nebraska and Missouri. This the OklahOmans are striving to do and he understands with some success, but whether they will get enough help seems yet to be quite doubtful
Arizona republican., 1906-03-20
FINAL STAND
 FRANCE SAYS
The Only Hope Lies in
 German Recession
If Tbere is to be None Let Germany Say So and Permit the Conference to Dissolve.

Paris, March 19.-Oficials here say that Frances position is absolute and final against placing Casa Blanca un- der international command. It is main tained that this is not a question of detail, but one that involves the entire Franco German controversy over the internationalization of the police After changes at the various capitals off, cials declare that another vote will show that France is supported by Great Britain, Spain, Portugal and Russia, with Austria doubtful and Italy and the United States abstaining. Aus tria's doubt is due to Viernas waver- ing in the support she has heretofore given to Germany.
 The current opinion is that Germany intends to recedc from her position The semi official Temps says: We await Germany's final concessions. If We await in vain let Germany say so and let the conference record a failure of which German diplomacy must bear the responsibility before the world"
 However, statements iG the semi official press are that Foreign Minister Bourgeois is adopting a less perempC- ory tone.
Arizona republican., 1906-03-20

Dorcas Mining. Milling, and Develop ment company and treated Cripple Creek ores exclusively.
Arizona republican., 1906-03-20
CHIEF PROSECUTOR
 IN PACKERS CASE
Attorney General Moody Himself
 Appears for the Government.

Chicago March 19.-AttOrney Gen. eral Moody commenced the closing arguments for the government today advanced by the packers. The court room was packed to the doors with To cal attorneys anxious to hecr thc ar gUments of the attorney general. In opening his argument, he declared that the eyes of the whole people of tho United States were directed toward the court room in which the present hear ing is being held, and he asserted that the government is far too much m earnest in the present case to pursue as the attorneys for the packers have intimated it is pursuing, a senseless creation of the law.
 He declared that if a wrong had been committed the government was seeking the punishment not of a corpOratiOl but of living breathing, human beings who committed the wrong The gov ernment and the people of the United States. he said, would be satisfied with nothing less than that. He declared that his appearance at the bar of the court was unusual and almost without precedent, but the law gave him the right to appear and after much delib- eration he believed it to be his duty to appear.
 The Justification for his action, he importance of the present case. but in the fact that if immunity be conferred upon the defendants on the ground