davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1906-09-09
RUINS OF GREAT ANTIQUITY.

Work had hardly begun when one Of the plckmen
upturned the fragment OF brick which bore an in
distinct inscription IN the wedge shaped writing Of
Babylonia, yet upon Il the name OF Dungi. King OF
Tr 275O b. g.. visible. Then. for the first
time was convinced beyond a doubt that the ruin
which ! was to excsvate not early Arab
village but Bsbylonan city 90 ancient that upon
the surface ruins $3.50 years Old and IN the
forty feet OF debris which lay beneath them be-
tween the summit and the desert level. still
more ancient ruins. Other inscriptions Of Dung
ana OF his father. Ur-guT. appeared near the
race. but Just beneath them q workman threw out
a Wadded piece OF gold which 20 him was only
somelhlns yellow unlike anything he had ever
seen Carefully Strengthening the gold found
II inscribed with few lines. one OF which con-
tained the name Of Naram Sin
IL was discovery OF Importance. ONLY
cause q Bapylonian inscription upon gold was
unique, put NaTam Sin was an exceedingly early
Semitic king OF BabylOnia. whose father was the
famous sargon OF $500 h. c. A generation ago Ssr-
considered mythical character. for few believed
that history extended back far. Later We Found
several tablets and seal Impressions bNsriDz bis
name. Along with the gold OF NaraIn Sin vera
bricks OF saTgon ana yet were excavatlng
barely beneath the surface OF the mound
Further down. along the edges OF tie ten,DIa
tower We dug among ruins beneath those Of Sero
CONS time and so ancient thar az arsI ~ 81 saI
neither date nor understand them Just 2 ,,,o,,L
after the opening Of the excavations nj lie 49,.
corner Of the temple, We made one OF our ,oost
important discoveries lpOa the surface 80 -
mound there appeared fragments OF white MANI
which, II found IA ruin ~ Greece or Rome ..,,,iS
have been called parts OF marble statue =, -
round. one piece appeared 10 have heen broken
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1906-09-09
CHOPPED HAND OFF FOR DRINK.

In the dipsomanac. the periodic inebriate OF
the insane type. says Mr.. Helburn. the disease
resembles epilepsy. and is Just as Involuntary.
Except for the inordinate craving for liquor, the
mind is normal and rational. Professor James.
for example cites the case of dipsomaniac who
was confined IN an Ohio almshouse within a
few days" the professor says. he had devised
various ezpedients 10 procure rum. but failed
At length he hit on one that was successful He
went into the woodshed Of the establishment,
placed one hand the block. and with an axe
I'm the other struck II off with single blow.
With the stump raised and streaming ne ran into
the house and cried:
Get some rum. Get some rum Ny hand IS
OF
In the confusion and hustle Of the occasion p
bowl 81 rum was brought, into which he plunged
the bleeding member Of his body. then raising
the bowl TO his lips. drank freely and exultantly
exclaimed.
Sow l satisfied
DR.. Crothers asserts that certain atmospheric
and electrical conditions precptate drink at
tacks. man may drink 10 excess at the sea-
shore. for example and yet on going To a high
altitude lose all taste for spirits and become a
total abstaineT. Another who has a continuous
desire 10 drink in the mountains may find liquor
less tempting on descending into a low lying
valley. Climates where the sun shines most Of
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1906-09-09

In a third mound found a royal palace which
had been occupied early as $500 r. e.. and dur
ing the subsequent two thousand years. Hardly
one brick Of its foundation was left upon another.
and its plan impossible determine. yet in n
was library OF several thousand clay books Many
4 them were the business documents Of the people.
recording the sales Of land and grain. the amount
of the taxes and Of the gifts 20 the temple. and
few the school exercises Of the Babylonian
boy as he IearneI o. make the wedge shaped marks
upon the soft clay.
The BabyI1nian who would write letter
draw up a business document carefully mcldei a
bit Of clay 10 the size and shape he desired and
then. while the clay soft. ne stamped with
bronze writing STYLE the wedges which represented
ten; II lie would sign u ne rolled ms cyllhdFical
seal over UninsCrtbed part, or, II ne were TOO
the clay and then below the impression he wrote
his name. The tablet was then placed In tie sun
would shield the contents Of his letter from the
eyes OF the public made an envelope by wr1pIlnS
both the letter and envelope together Altnoush
envelopes have been used BY Western civilization
only for few generations. they were employed
in BabylOnia four thousand years ago.
meath the soil az the VEST Corner of the ruins
most intricate network OF walls II was long before
quarter OF the city. Here OF the most inter-
esting discoveries at the excavations were made
Little but the foundations renamed yet We could
that few 81 the houses contained more than a
light only through the doorway. and the f0or was
the hard dirt upon which the house was built The
simple. consisting OF few pots. a stone mill
wheel. a bronze instrument or two and clay oven
u- tables the bed only mat OF date leaves
spread upon the hoor and there the entire family
In a few OF the larger houses vertical drain
and a large CLAW clstern was set into the door 20
receive the water which the daughters OF the fam
excavations Of the residence quarter that life was
not all work and war even Tor the ancient baoy-
which game similar 10 chess was played One day
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1906-09-09
STATUE OF A KING DAVID.

Our first duty 10 scrub away the dirt which
had 10 il since its burial, $500 years As
a reward. we discovered upon the right upper arm
inscription Of three lines ina character
archaic that at first 1 was unable 10 recognize "A
single sign but after days Of study the three lines
revealed the information which most desired To
know II said that the name of the temple in
which We're excavatng Emach. in the city
of Udnun. and that David. whom the statue repre-
scented. was once the Sumerian king Of the city
The name OF the temple and city had but recently
appeared in the famous inscription OF Hammurah
but the name OF the king history. He
brew scholars have long claimed that the name Of
the Hebrew King David borrowed from the
Egyptian; then knew that Il was taken from a
suineTian king who ruled Mesopotamia before the
semitic race had emerged from It's birthplace into
alabsster statues were later discovered Bismya
nine IN all, but none were perfect. and only King
David bore an inscription TO tell US who he
The ruins In which exCavatng when
the statue was found dated not far from 4500 2 Q.
yet we were only eight feet below the surface
What was the age OF the ruins beneath us7 The
science OF ancient faDy !ohldn arcl Geology mas not
yet progressed sufficiently 20 enable deter
mine II. Two shafts sunk down through the
various strata Of ashes through walls Of mud
thirty feet 10 the desert level Half way down
OF the shafts we found huge bronze spike ter
from the depth or the ruins In which II was buried
its extreme age was evidenced by the coTrOson and
hollows which time had eaten into the bronze.
AZ lower level In the other shaft found
large urns nlled with the ashes OF the cremated
dead. and way down upon the desert level one
OF the most interesting OF our discoveries. The
sand beneath forty feet OF the ruins OF the great
antiquity was streWn with the fragments OF al
most black terra Gotta pottery. No pots were en-
tire. yet the shapes OF many could be determined
from the fragments. The well kneaded clay had
been thrown" upon wheel. and the variety %
tistic skill q a modern potter To assign a date
10 the people who employed this pottery would De
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1906-09-09

The hody-were nearly a hundred beads Of gold and
or polished stone large bronze wire necklace Uhe
only one which We found IN the dozens OF tOmbs
opened at BSmyaD and finger and rings in
abundance.
An inter estinS work Of the eXCavator T. 70 sift
the dirt from the tomb through the fingers in
every handful he RECEIVERS the beautifully wrought
beads and Jewery Of gold, silver and bronze q
several thousand years ago. In few of the eraV
OF women were huge bronze pins. ten inches long.
and headed with large bead OF lapis lazul stone.
with them the ancient RabvlOniau lady arranged
her hair IN knot upon her head In another
tomb was = duUhle-Celed marble cosmetic case.
ntainng in one side traces of the red henna with
which the ancient lady painted her lps and cheeks
in the other was the black kohl for the eyelaShes
This article ~ the toilet might have been so highly
priced by the that buried with her
The graves Of the men diStinguishabie by the
absence Of jewery yet in its place was generally
beautifully engraved seal cylinder which the owner
upon his wrist or neck ward or sickness
and 70 seal his business documents by rolling ia
the SCft CLAW
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1906-09-09
TIE HISTORY OF BRICKS.

Naturally ruins So ancient have thrown o'''
able light upon the origin Of tAinss. Si"
which are so common and simple that one -
suppose they had always existed. The oN-
common thing. vet Bismys had long existed :,
men knew how % make IT, I'm the various y
Of the B'smya temple We could watch us 80
from a shapeless chunk 81 Unbaked clay
anaHy it was baked IL was iat upon the o0.
where II rested upon the ground o. dry. and p.
ed upon the top such almost semi-ss-.
bricks had been set upon edge in the wall 30. . Il.
~ thousand years before b occurred 20 500
Thousand wears passed before tlr ,a,is-,vs ~
split 20 give 10 the modern shape. az bis--i.k ri
varieties e bricks We're found. each % WIZ"
resents a step in its evolution "a. -
The first lamp of primitive man vas -. - 4.
FOR the OIL would ooze through tne gay M .5ri
he had learned 20 make. Nl,n vac -. rlt ri
longer be found. shell shaped lamps WV-o .i,rss
blocks Of stone until IN later bao5 .eia.. 80 n a
were adoptei AZ Bisrlya also We carmen - 90
FIRST wheel ever used hv the potter w. frrs
flat piece % board or stone W3.ch Va M n
other The first buli@r- used n w. ~, - fr-
primitive man. when pebbles co-id 10y !, -
for the sings. We're made OF cay - - - j
that they resembled Sro1e- a. W. ,,ss,is Il II
the Bismya city val W. iotSa a5 s3Ts9 whsn
We're hurled against the CIV ..l,,rsi o. ..
others were nearly square 81 , -eS ,,-Sr,iing @ 1
mond- shaped, and ~ sizes N"iSi'-
fancy Of the makers. ,,, ,l,s rsnf
The excavation OF Bisnya innlsn ~. ,ll.s II
rot ACCOMPLISHED without nardsi.Fs ".-,r ir
ON the frst day the WORK cetsei ~ - -
sandstorm arose aUing the air So ma
men wandered IN the desert 2eIole Tssrs
way TO camp "A quarter Of a mile away - gs0-.
pr6te.red thev huddled together upon - - ssrsa
while the sand nearly buried them ,hs trss.-,
n twice a week a sandstone. ul.lhs ss-,vthng
which We had dug and GOVERNS yT rrl1s
GLIDING our food however Well p'o'"'''
at Bismya trying. - t..t,.rras Veit
Even more derce than the sands.er ,,,S-.ltiols :
Arabs about US A rule az the - sir =
that every workman should pc prov s-11l'.
and the trenches lined with we s,,--ss~V fclr-
Weapons represented a primitive mlie5 our O.
tlon At night eight Watcnmen s.l,.oe' i,sns1 :
and BY day eVeral soldiers, VINO 49, YET. n f"
the government We're always on ~ ~, freqlslt
OF these precautions. attacks Welse.t,- ~ s1iF
first the Arab war cry called Us u rS65srS : Il
guns and drive away a party OF t.lIsd Wre.
times the wOrkmen themselves $500 Nase n
cited BY their sheks 20 demand MS ~. o.nes !.
more frequently we were attacAeI \; ,Hrsaie's.
who Claimed 10 own the ruins aa~ rsrs 90 u
drive rs or n a large indeni,ilteS -ss We "
Thus. SStween fights and sahVSSt,,e.1 results . 4
and IN spite OF them. acco,nlt lsi59.~ ~ re -
mos, uneSiIsilsd value % che stui} -
% PRINTS Am.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1906-09-09
SURVIVED 5000 INToxICATIoNS.

The average drunkard cannot survive more
than half a dozen attacks of the horrors
Occasionally he dies in the midst of them but
more often from some disease caused by drink
ing. Often the inebriate resists the approach Of
death FOR so many years that he loses fear Of IT,
Mr.. Helburn says that some men Of a massive
type can survive two thousand intoxicatiOns be-
fore giving way. I'm an alcoholic career OF ten or
fifteen wears they can put away about two thou
sand gallons OF whiskey. "All records to date"
he adds. ARE held by man OF fifty, who adj
United while under treatment at Bellevue that
he had been drunk daily six months in the year
since he was seventeen-a total of over six thou
sand intoxicatlons."
Statistics show that the average male inebri-
ate dies I'm his forty-third year. after drunken
career of from fifteen 20 nineteen years. Inebri-
ate women. who are about half as numerous as
the men. die about four years earlier apparently
because they do less muscular work than the
men, and so burn UP less of the alcohol they alb
sOrb.
Since IL was discovered that inebriety is a
mental disease and not merely a vice. says DR..
Crothers. so many quacks and charlatans have
sprung up who claim the power of curing drunk
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1906-09-09
t. SANITY OF EVERY Question: s5N

suffice II the mind Is left m N.
pressed state that demands s,ir,,,.-ass a
VIII IN the rusty lassitude OF Io,~ az :,
The mental life Of the victim uDr., 1a0s-,,
vigorous as his physical life. n.
terested. given a change OF surro,,-,. E =.
active and alert His Initiative ..
must must De awakened He must Be sucovr, sss
think for himself, to decide for himself y ,
ca INTO responsibility and seIf-consroI - 20
OF scene occupation and smus-m.p, 40
much OF this. The rest depends on n. ~
equation. the ability and Insight ., ,s. 's'ss
Of the sanatOrium. the skill and car. - -,
he diagnoses and prescribes for TIA - -
dition Of each patient. and the in.s-,.. y
pathy and activity that he can svo., ?
in the position Of a teacher. or ratbs,
master, as much as in that OF a uhv,,.'.' :
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1906-09-09
How Some of John D. Rockefeller's Standard Oil
Profits AR Being Used % Throw Light
the History of Primitive Man.

from the forearm and. although statues Of marble.
in the round, we're then unknown 70 have eX-
listed in Babylouia, in my report to Chicago eX-
pressed the belief that somewhere in the ruin a
statue Of marble existed
While ] watching the progress OF the work
from the summit Of the temple hill. an Arab stuck
his head above the trench in which he was work
ing ana eXCitedy mOtiOne1 Hastening 20
him, there exposed the eI'ectly formed shout
der Of marble statue. At It's appearance the
Arabs began 10 show excitement. ana immedia tely
covering the exposed stone, l transferred the gang
70 another trench. After the days work was over
and the men had gone to the camp. we dug from
the ground the oldest statue the world. As We
uncovered the feet. the toes broken away. but
we found them I'm fragments at the base. The head
was missing but q few weeks later, while clearing
the dirt from the north Of the temple court,
found it, and the statue complete.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1906-09-09
HIDDEN TREASURE REVEALED.

Another feature peculiar 20 Babyionian ruins is
Que 20 tie abundance OF saltpere IA the soil OF the
Euphrstes valley. Ga cold. frosty morning, as
one wanders over the mounds. he will notice that
the son varies IN color The lighter parts lines
resembling the plan Of a building carefully drawn
OUT IN full upon the dirt In reality he Is look
Ing Al 3 building beneath the surface. for IN the
bricks OF which tbs ancient palaces wers construct
,lIrrornding soil and therefore the bricks retain
the moisture for different period Of time. When
the weather conditions just right one may east
u trace the walls OF a house or OF a city quarter
which Is entirely buried beneath the ground Thus
buildings which later eKcayated. ana which
WELDED the ancient antiquities ever Yet de
covered. traced
Rorsmen for tho excavations were readily OBJ
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1906-09-09

with physicians. believe he has serious organic
dieases. go of on vacation. make changes in his
surroundings and business relations. Then all
Unexpectedly ne viii drink TO great excess and
all these symptoms viii disappear.
Were the average practitioner more fully aware
OF the character Of the mental disease Of inebrl-
ETY. he could help this kind Of drunkard 10
escape from his occasional demon" by SO
doing he could save the mans life for the perl
odc debauch soon brings the horrors and with
1.-THE horrors before long comes death
There is another class Of periodic drinkers VINO
themselves know when attack is coming ana
use means to avert IT. They often go TO hospitals
and sanatoriums in advance. and stay there until
the fury Of their thirst abates-
a number of cases under my care says Dr.
Crothers showed remarkable exactness IN me
periodicity Of the drink storm: thus. In one in
stance the free interval was ninety-one days four
or FIVE hours In another. this interval was 40
days In a third case the drink storm broke
every two wears occurring exactly on July l.
In all these instances the attack came al the
precise time predicted. within few hours
OF it. and it lasted from six to ten days. during
all Of which time the victim had an insane desire
10 he continuously stupid and narcotized-
That the periodic drinker is either insane or
! suffering from some sort Of nervous debility Is
also the assertion Of Julian willard Helburn. In
the issue OF The American Magazine" publlshed
almost simultaneously with the address OF Dr.
Crothers In this respect he. too. speaks OF N
ebriety as a disease The periodic drinker ne
saws is a nervous drinker. He does not enjoy the
effects OF alcohol. Between his sprees he usually
revolts from f. Until he has used alcohol a few
times the nervous demand for II does not arise
but he does not have to develop the habit or
even let Il develop. A few unwilling indulgences
will give his innate predisposition the upper
hand and bring the craving on him.
There are two kinds OF periodic inebriates. ae-
rording to MI Helburn One class. he says SUI
fers from neurasthenia or nervous debility. ana
the other from actual insanity. The first sort OF
drurkard has attacks Of violent depression ac-
conpanied with an intolerable desire for slim
ulant An inebriate Of this type, he says. was
brought 90 Bellevue with delirium tremens- the
doctors in treating him gave him hypOdernlic
injection Of morphine. whereupon he exclaimed;
by George. this IS the very thing I've been
looking for
The man became a morphine hend for the rest
Of his days
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1906-09-09

difficult. for theTs only depth Of the ruins
10 guide JpoT. the surface oT the mound wern
Inscriptions dating from ESQ 3. &, Two feet belo
them were others from 800 Il. c. Eight feet from
the surface vase Inscriptions from about lJl1
= e.
What then the age of the pottery thirty feet
lower upon the desert leVelF M say.
can only surmise that ten thousand yeas aEO. anu
probably MORE civilized people encamped upon
the spot where the ;t.cIvlt CIty 81 l{isIny b
later stood. Who those people were We can hardly
guess, fer they have left inscriptions tell
That they We're not the Semitic ancestors of the
Babylonians - certain. for they FIRST appeared
strangers N B1uyionla not far from 400 3. &.
Ihey might have beer the SrmerianS whom tho
Semtes supplanted. but IL is likely that they
a nation whose name is entirely history
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1906-09-09

ards that vast harm has Deen done. THOUSANDS
have been duped According TO Or. CrotherS
the inebriate may be cured. There are scientinc
methods which may be used and which. he says
every physician IN the country should under
stand and put into practice. They should be
taught in sH the colleges Of the land
1T is our duty. rs physicians and scientific
men," he told the Toronto convention. "to take
up this subject and lift it out Of the range OF
eredulity and quacke-y into the field or exact
science The insanity of inebriety is an intensely
practical and most vital subject for every Physi-
can"
The methods used by the state institutions
says Mr.. Helburn for curing drunkenness are at
present as good rs useless. in many sana-
toriums'' he SAYS especially IN nearly all state
ine briate ssyluns corrupt employees furnish the
patients with liquor thus putting full stop to the
usefulness Of these institutions. And even had
we proper sanatoriums. we could not hope TO
cure inebriety without better laws. In most
states we can do nothing without the consent OF
the inebriate which usually cannot be obtained
In New York for example a drunkard can be
committed to an inebriate asylum for sixty days,
Just long enough 20 develop a magnificent and
unquenchable thirst"
What is needed is to establish inehriate col
onies where the inmates shall stay as long as
II may be necessary me state SuOulu sup
port these institutions and guard them risidly.
and judges should be empowered TO send in
ebriates to them for terms long enough to war
rant a cure. Such law. Mr. Helburn says.
is already projected and when brought before
the Legislature at Albany il Is expected to
pass He. like DIR. CrOthers calls upon the
medical profession TO help "JudiciOus ham
mering by the medical profession and the peo-
pie at large could soon force the adjustment
Of state inebriate colonies situated islands
or otherwise isolated. carefully policed against
the introduction Of liquor by employees. and d.
rected by competent and sympathetic physi
clans. where inebriates can be given the requi-
site work. interest and mode of life. and where
their environment will be as little possible
that of "A prison and as much as possible like
that Of a community. Private colonies for in
ebriates OF welI-tO-dO families. where. instead Of
work. they could have sports and congenial
mental occupation trade work being little
stimulus 20 those who do not depend on iO.
would follow naturally. In New York a scheme
is already afoot 70 establish one as soon as the
requisite law is passed
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1906-09-09
VICTIM MUST AID IN CURE.

Chronic inebriety can be cured If il has not
already produced serious mental physical
degeneration But it is only durable when the
victim aids In the cure. We can destroy the
craving: we can make II as easy for the victim
10 abstain as If he had never touched liquor.
But if he will not abstain OF his own free will,
If he is TOO much of a fool 10 realize that he is
better off sober than drunk. nothing will say
him but confinement for life. After recovery,
his first drink must be as deliberate as a boys
first cigarette. But with the first drink. or the
first few drinks back comes the craving with its
old fury
The first requisite Of a cure is absolute re-
straint. There is home cure. no magic
powder 20 drop I'm the drunkard's coffee pro
vided he condescends TO Coffee The cure is a
matter Of hygiene. not OF medicine. II depends
on wholesome outdoor life and mental stimulus.
on time. more time and again time. And while
these are working the inebriate must be seclud-
ed In a well guarded sanatorium colony. for
nothing but physical restraint will Withstand
the craving during the first months of absti-
hence.
First there must be restoration for the weak
ened body with its need Of stimUlant: air, eX-
ercise. sleep. plenty of good food at frequent in
tervals. precaution against fatigue or hunger.
for every discomfort or depression tends at first
10 reawaken the craving. These will restore
physical trim. but in most cases they will not