The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1906-09-12
NO ROWS AT RIOS CONFERENCE
rACr OF AMERICAN DELEGATES
CONDUCED TO HARMON.
seated Discussion Confined 20 Committee
ROOms-ImpOrtAnt Change I'm Scope
Of the Bureau Of American Republics
Text OF New Naturalization Treaty.

RIO DE n aug NV QuAOe 1AN
D.acerul Is the third Pan-Amehcsn Con-
ference that to those who have n
previous conferences or other gatherings
n Latin Americans n have witnessed
there the demonstrations OF their o Tor
oratorical fight and trouble 1t 10 positively
,stonishing. In direct contrast 20 the
,acond conference in the City Of Mexico
Ave wears ago, when there was a continual
row constant threats OF breaches that
might develop into actual warfare, this
gathering IL most placid.
There seems to be almost perfect har-
nonv. The few details Of projects n
oronositions which have caused discus
sIon have been settled quickly. This does
no, mean that the delegates have not a
views Of their own concerning the ques-
tions which nave been placed before them,
hut most Of these questions ave been
dIsnosed OF In the committees, and any
differences Of opinion which may have
existed have not been carried 20 the floor
OF the conference.
The reasons for this uncanny harmony
are several. In the first place the pro-
rramme prepared in Washington several
months ago Is definite al to what questions
,hall be taken before the conference, and
although they have a right to do 90 nom
Of the countries here represented seems
10 have a desire TO introduce new projects
which might bring about trouble. The
programme was drawn by the diplomatic
representatives OF various South, Central
and North American republicsin Washington,
and before it was made public IL had re-
ceived the full approval Of all the Govern
l. A. ---l-.--- IA
would now come in bad taste for any OF
these countries which ave their approval
10 the programme to attempt the intro
duction Of new matter.
Only a few know how dangerously close
was the possibility Of the Third Pan-Amen-
can Conference never taking place. In
Washington when the programme was
being prepared there were many heated
discussions and arguments which threat
ened 10 bring about a complete rout for
those who were most Interested in having
the conference. Two or three times It
seemed that the programme could not be
prepared TO meet the desires Of all the
countries Interested, and il was only with
great patience and diplomacy that the end
was finally accomplished.
Another reason for the harmony which
exists is Secretary Roots influence. From
The beginning he has been constant In his
counsel for peace and harmony, and what
be has said and lone has brought beneficial
results. The American delegation in the
conference is following a peaoemaking
policy. The Americans are taking the initi-
alive in nothing Of any great importance.
particularly II it has to do with political
li-l.-..t. z,.k1-. NJ n.A---
chairman OF the American delegation,
Is the white winged dove Of peace Of the
conference.
II at any time a dangerous situation
arises Mr.. Buchanan rushes to the rescue.
He has made a number Of suggestions at
critical times which have brought about
an understanding in place Of a possible
disagreement. Tho Americans carefully
avoid placing themselves in q position
which might bring about an accusation
that the United States is attempting to
control the actions Of the conference. All
over South America and In Europe there
are many who suspect the motives Of the
United States. and who believe thai the
great interest the American Government
shows in Pan-American conferences has
for its basis a desire for political and terri
toral aggrandizement. When Secretary
Root recently addressed the conference he
sndeavored to show that the United States
has no Interior motives in promoting the
welfare Of Latin America, and the American
delegation is studiously following this
policy.
As always. the question Of arbitration was
the dangerous one here. Il had two other
places on the programme-one providing for
Q resolution Of adhesion to the Hague
convention and a recommendation that
the Governments Of South America send
delegates to the nex Hague conference
Instructed To make efforts for a general
arbitration convention, and the other a
resolution for the extension for a period Of
five years Of the treaty for the collection OF
pecuniary claims. These two parts Of the
programme have been passed upon by the
conference.
BUREAU OF AMERICAN REPUBLICS.
The conferences plan for the reorgani-
cation Of the Bureau Of American Republics
makes il a much more important institu-
ton in the Western Hemisphere, broadening
considerably its scope and increasing its
powers. Being distinctively q conference
called together for the discussion Of pending
questions, the present gathering has q
small sphere when It comes to actual ac-
complishments. The conference may lend
It's approval to important treaties. drawing
them up and fighting over the details, but
every treaty. protocol, resolution or con-
vention must be ratified by the home
Governments Of the delegates who sign
them before they are actually in effect.
With the Bureau OF American Republics
the case is different. The bureau Is the
living being Of Pan-American conferences,
Keeping up the intercourse between Govern
ments between conferences, and the plans
and regulations adopted by the conference
Tor the bureau are practically final. By
many the action Of the conference to-day
In adopting the committees plan for the
reorganization il regarded as the most
Important accomplishment OF the confer
ence' no matter what may be lone with
some Of the unsettled topics Of the pro-
gramme. it being the only absolutely
practical end the conference can reach by
virtue Of its limitations and powers.
since the bureau was established by the
nrst Pan-Americsn conference it has been
SUBJECT to constant REORGANIZATION, but