The Montgomery advertiser., 1906-08-31

| teresfs and give the public the bene- I fit of more relief through remedial leg isiation, but 1t would protect the peo- pie from the jobs that are usually re- l served for the short session which IS | now held after the election and when many of the members feel the less re- sponsibflity because of their deefat al I the polls
 | q return more convinced than be- fore of the importance of change
 ., the senssars ssaod There Sf sef s % everywhere a distinct movement to
 ward Democracy in it's braodest sense In all the countries which I have vis- Eited there is a demand that the gov ernment be brought nearer the people. | Tn China constitution is under con- | sideration. In Japan the people are
 demanding that the ministry instead ! of being chosen by the emperor from | among his particular friends, shall ne selected from parliament and being 10 harmony with the dominant sentiment: | in India there is agitation IF favor or Ia native congress; in Russia the Czar has been compelled to recognize the popular voice m the establishment of | a douraa and throughout Europe the l In the rfnites States this trend to- ! ward Democracy has taken the form of q growing demand for the election vote of the people. It must De dini- cult to over estimate the strategic ad- vantage of this reform, for since ev. cry hill must receive the sanction or | the Senate as well as of the House | of Representatives befores 1t can be- come law, no important legfslation until the serate is brought Into har- mony with the people.
 ! C0rrtsptiOn of Ser Hfe.
 | am within the limits of the truth when I say that the Senate has been ! for some years the bulwark of pred atory wealth and that 1t even~ now eontains go many members who owe
 their election to favor seeking cor. | their masters as to prevent needed leg
 Islatton. The popular branch or con
 gross has four times declared In fa- l vote and more than two-thirds of the States have demanded 1t and yet the
 Senate arrogant1y and fn1pudentty
 The Income tax which some in cur Icountry have denounced as soefaf- l istfc attack upon wealth has. l am pleased to report, the endorsement of | the most conservative countries in | the old world. It is a permanent part of the fiscal system of most of the countries of Europe. and in many places it is graded tax. the rate De- | ing highest uiion the largest incomes. England has long depended upon the income tax for a considerable part or her revenue, and an English commits sion is now investigating the proposf- | tfon to change from q uniform to a graded tax I have beea absent too long to speak with any authority on 1 the public sentiment in rhis country at thia time. but ! am 30 'onvinced of the justice of the income tax that feel sure that the people will sooner | or later demand an amendment to the , authorize an income tax and thus make 1t possible for the burdens of the Federal government to be apportfoned
 among the people in proportion ts It Is little short of a disgrace to our country that while 1t is able to command the lives of it's citizens In 1 times of war. it cannot even in the
 wealth to bear its share of the ex-
 penses of the government which pro- have referred to the investigation of international controversies under system which does not bfnd the par- | ties to accept the findings of the court I disputes between labor and capital, | in fact, it was proposed az means os
 settling such disputes before 1t was applied to international controversies.
 have peace at home as that we
 shall live peaceabiy with neighboring
 nations, and peace is only possible when 1t rests upon justice.
 Arbitration in Labor Disputes.
 In advocating arbitration of differ
 ences between large corporate em-
 ployers and their employees l believe
 we are defending the highest interests oS the three parties to. the disputes, viz.: The employers, the employees ana
 the p1biic- The empfoye cannot be | dwcIt with az the employer may | please. The question sometimes ask | ed. Cannot not conduct my business
 to suit myself?' is plausible on" | mess attempts to arbitrarily fix the
 conditions under which hundreds of i employees are to live and to determine | the future of thousands of human be- ings, I answer without hesitation that he has no right to conduct his own | business In such a way as to deprive his employees of their right to life,
 liberty and the. pursuit of happiness. | To support this position l heed only
 refer to the laws regulating the safety | of mines, the factory laws fixing the | age at which children can be employed l and usuTy laws establishing the rate | of interest The effort of the employ l CT to settle differences without arbi- l tration has done much to embttter him 1 against those who work for him and to | estrange them from him-a condition l deplorabIe from every standpoint.
 | But if it unwise to mako the employ 1 CT the sole custodian of the rights and I interests of the employees, it is equally | unwise to give to the employees uncoh. | trolled authority over the rights and 1 ployes are no more to be trusted to l act unseIishly and disinterestedly than l the employers. In their zeal to secure | tho present advantage they may not | only do injustice but even forfeit d l larger future gain. The strike, the 1 only weapon of the employe at present l is a two-edged sword and may inJure | the workman as much as the employ | CT and even when successful is apt to | leave a ranking in the bosom or the | wage-earner that should not be there l Society moreover has something at | stake as we'll as the employer and em- l ployes for there can be no consider | able strike without considerable loss
 to the public. Society therefore IS 1us- | tified in demanding that the dlner- 1 ences between capital and labor shall | be settled by peaceful means. If | permanent, impartial board is created | 10 which either party of an industrial dispute may appeal or which can or | lie opinion may be relied upon to en- | force the finding. If there is compul- l sorry submission to investigation it IS | not necessary there should be compul- | sorry acceptance of the decision for l full and fair Investigation will iu al- | most every case bring about settle- ment.
 Government by Injunction.
 No reference to the labor question IS | complete that does not Include some | mention of what is known as govern | ment by injunction. As the main pur- | pose uf the writ is to eVade trial by | jury it is really an attack upon the l jury system and ought to arouse an | unanimous protest So long as the l meanest thief is guaranteed a trial by l jury. a jury ought not to be denied 10 l wage earners However, as the writ IS | usually invoked in case of strike, the | importance of the subject would be | very much reduced by the adoption O. l the system of arbitration, because ar | bitratiOn would very much reduce,
 even if it did not entirely remove the