davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1906-07-13

The operation of a modern railroad,
high speeds, is made possible by the
use of what appears to be very COM
pick series Of signals. One glance at
the network Of tracks at the entrance
to a great railroad terminal maZes the
uninitiated. Every track is correlated
to another, winding and curling now
from this side, now to that, like mass
Of writing, glistening serpents. Yet
over this apparently heterogeneous col
lection of rails trains are constantly
running, seemingly by some occult gift
picking out their way and avoiding one
another.
The block signal system Is plan
devised to prevent two trains going in
the same direction from running to-
gether. A block consists Of a section
of track usually about two miles long.
When the signal Is set against a train,
it must not enter the block until the
proper signal Is given. In this way
the exact location Of every train Is
kept at the various Offices Of the train
dispatchers.
The semaphore, which is the usual
type Of signal used on roads in the
East, Is very old design. The first
telegraph system was semaphoric, and
it has been found to have advantages
over most other types, although the
disk system Is used on some roads, and
some western roads are operated on
what Is known as the staff system, a
block system more extensively used in
England than in this country. All of
these systems have the same underly-
ing idea-that of advancing a train
block by block or Of being able to halt
it before it enters a block already oc-
cupied. The difference is to be found
in the type Of signal and the method Of
operating it.
About 10000 miles Of railroad in this
country are operated BIZ some one of
the three systems mentioned. The
semaphore type is used generally in the
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1906-07-13

East. In installing this system the
phores are placed at each division
point or at each block terminal, the
distance apart depending on the length
Of the block. Where traffic is infre-
quent the blocks may be several miles
long, but at the entrance to a great
train shed, such as Union Station, Bos-
ton, where the shortest blocks in the
world may be seen, the distance be-
tween blocks is only few hundred
feet.
Travellers have noticed that at some
points three semaphore arms are set
on one post To the average rider two
Of these appear to be superfuous. On
the contrary, the three arms carry a
very legible signal to the engine driver.
The top semaphore represents the near
est block the next the one ahead and
the last the block beyond that. Where
the locomotive is running at the rat4
Of fifty miles an hour" says Day Allen
Wiley, in Casters Magazine in which
liz tAAOAOuSulS CA pldIAAS LII whining
of the nerves Of railway" "the
three signal post is essential to the
safety of a short block system, since
considerable track room Is needed to
bring the train to full stop, especial
~ on a level or down grade"
The block signal may be controlled
from a station at the end Of each track
division. AS the train enters the oper-
ator by pulling lever throws his sig
nal to the danger position, the lever be-
ing connected with the semaphore by
heavy wire passing over pulleys at the
curves. 1t is usual to supplement the
manual block system by the use Of tole-
graph or teIephoH1
Where traffic is heavy the automatic
block system has found much favor.
Where this is used the train service is
literally controlled by the passage of
the trains. For example, when one
train enters a block it sets the signal
behind it a. danger, and the one in the
rear Of this a. cautiouary. lowering
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1906-07-13

Perhaps the pleasantest days excur-
sion in the world can be experienced by
the visitor to Naples, in driving from
Castellamare to Sorrento, With flying
visit to the Isle of Capri. 1t includes
a marvellous view of sky and earth, TINS
partial circuit of the Pay OF Naples.
The district lies close TO the waters
edge. with a wonderful cornice road.
To its left are fertile valleys, where
wine and olives grow. Ahead pro-
montory courts the sea coquettlshly.
There are pinnacleS ana cragS, with
flowers growing at the base of them,
masses of rocks which resemble medic
val fortresses, and gorges CLEAN with
color, the precipices smile with YER
dure, the crevices are odorous with
blossoms. Oranges and lemons spread
their fragrance on the air. Flights OF
steps. half-runed, lead into old gar
dens of rare loneliness. Now here else
can be seen such wealth Of color as
sparkles In this jewel box of bay.
All Juno's gems are here, and venus,
the pearls of the oceans, and the splen-
doris of the mines Of all the earth. And
over there is Capri, where the sirens
used to sing. A light veil made of SHIFT
ing clouds covers the islands brow, but
beneath it amethysts are cleaning, and
almadenes, and the co,oc OF topaz.
Opals girdle her, their changing lights
now pink, now purple, ard now milky
white.
Sorrento, with it's wonderful grottoes,
leads towards far-famed Capri. The
town stands upon a terrace on the
ridge, between two rocky promontOries.
The streets are so narrow that people
walk in single file. MAN. of the pink,
blue and white houses have dOmes, as
also does the quaint old church, with
flowers blooming upon the roofs. All
around are the ruined villas of Tibe-
RUS, the obelishs of Bar"g lioni, where
the sea birds fit and nest, the pictur-
eSque CertOSa, in the valley of Tragara,
and that historic Leap" the rock 475
feet high, wherefrom the Roman ty-
rant hurled his victims into the sea
beneath. During recent Writers this
classic spot has been flooded by young
American novelists and artists, until
every villa resounded with tire scratch
ing Of pens and the click Of typwriters.
The tourist travelling on regular
schedule takes in Trafalgar after visit
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1906-07-13
HOLLANDS GREAT PERIL.

Enormous bikes, Which Keep Out
the Sea, Much Weakened.
Hollands great peril becomes more
evident every year. This year there
have been an unusually large number
of serious breaks in the great dixie
which keeps the sea from large area
of Holland. Men have worked night
and day to fill up the great cracks,
which. had they not been filled, might
have let in enough of the sea to swamp
a fifth Of the country.
Holland is practically delta which
has been formed by the alluvium de-
posted by the rivers that flow through
it to the North Sea. 1t is not only fiat
but hollow, so the country is divided
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1906-07-13

the semaphore arms to the safety posi-
ton as it leaves the block. One of the
automatic FLOCK systems most extern
sively employed is the Westinghouse
electro-pneumatic.
In this system the essential feature
is an electric current flowing through
the track rails When the circuit is
closed, which is the case when the sec
ton is not occupied by wheels at any
point, an electro magnet at the slgnal
holds the signal in way clear posi-
ton. The entrance of a train short
circuits the current, de-energiZing the
magnet and the signal by force of gray
ity assumes the danger position, thus
warning the next train not to enter the
block As the train passes out of the
block the magnets are again energized
and the clear way is signaled.
The power for moving the semaphore
arm to the downward or all-clear posi-
ton Is compressed air, of about sew
enty pounds pressure per square inch,
acting through cylinder fixed in an
iron box at the foot Of the signal post.
Pneumatic pressure is conveyed from
a compressor to the signals along the
line for a distance Of ten to twenty
miles by means of underground pipes.
An accidental failure Of air pressure
would simply release the signal arm
and it's counter-weight would by gray
ity force it to the stop I,O"ition. The
arm Is held at all-clear by means Of
pressure, which overcomes its natural
tendency to lie at horizontal or stop
position.
It is only within a few years that
the three position signal has found ia
vor. With this arrangement it serves
both as home or distant positive signal
and also as a distant o. cautionary.
Placed horizontally, the semaphore In
dictates stop; when hanging at an an
gle of As degrees from the horizontal
it indicates all clear for that section,
but means also (the same as & distant
signaD "be prepared to stop at next
signal"
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1906-07-13

When Mrs. Lombard heard that the
baby of her former cook had been
named for her, she bought d suitable
rattle with many jingling bells, ana
went to see her namesake.
why, Bridget" she said to the late
Miss Leahy, now Mrs. O'Sullivan, i
thought you said the baby was named
for me- My name is Hannah, and you
are calling the baby 'Ceiestine.
"'CeIestine L. ma'am," said Mrs
O'Sullivan, hastily. THE L is for
Lombard. and 'Celestine' is just kOin0
Of a name to describe you, ma am
There amt amy Hannah to your looks
Mrs. Lombard; amy wan would 'el
you that"
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1906-07-13

Prince Henry of Prussia. who has
been gazetted commander-in-chief of the
German navy. is the sailor prince of the
empire and the only surviving brother of
the Kaiser. He was born August II.
1862. in Potsdam. and. while but Il small
boy. learned the rough and practical
work of sailor. Through merit alone
he has been advanced to the various ma
val grades Prince Henry is Il prime
favorite with his imperial brother. whose
life he saved III 1874 when they We're
swimming in the Havel. near the So
called marble palace. He is Il brother
iu-law of the Car. their wives being sis
tiers, and he IS nephew of King Ed
ward of England. In disposition he is
pleasant and jovial. He has a great dis
like of court etiquette, and possesses u
peculiar charm of manner. which he dis
played to advantage during his visit to
the United States few years ago.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1906-07-13

I'D by bikes Of all sorts and sizes, some
Of immense strength, and in places as
much as so feet high, protecting the
land from the sea- lakes, and rivers.
There is an organized system Of wind
mills pumping the water from canals
of one level to those higher, and from
thence to the otherwise devouring sea.
In times of storm the ''ploders,' as
the reclaimed lakes are called, would
be inundated but for this system. Ger
tain windmills occupying position Of adj
vantage direct the operations Of the
others At night they give the signal
for pumping by hosting large Ian
tern to the top of a flagstaff. An artist
witnessed the scene which he has repre-
scented at place between Edam and
Horn, dead cities of the Zuyder Zee
The water came up to the road, and
the neighboring houses and farms were
flooded.
The bikes cost the State no less than
s.. 100000 a year. and are managed by
a department called the Water Staat
They are formed Of piles at the base
supporting a superstructure of earth
and stones. A great utilization of the
dixie system remains to be done to drain
the Zuyder Zee; were this accomplish
ed Holland would provide herself with
a new province Of about 100000 acres,
but the cost would be at least $685.
100000. AT present it has an average
depth of eight feet.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1906-07-13

to interrupt the meeting long enough
to give a few figures on an important
matter that seems to have been entire
ly overlooked. We refer to the four
buttons on the sleeves of mems coats.
Now, there are probably six hun
dred thousand men in Kansas, and they
probably have on an average two coats
apiece. That makes one million two
hundred thousand coats, and four mil
lion eight hundred thousand, or four
hundred thousand dozen, sleeve but
tons.
''The buttons cost about twenty cents
& dozen, and at that rate the men Of
Kansas alone are carrying round on
their coat-sleeves, in the form of but
tons that have no use on earth or 10
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1906-07-13

Champ" Clark, the Missouri congress
man. never writes his full name, james
Beauchamp Clark. unless on Important
occasions You never have the news
papers saying Representative Clark of
Missouri when they want to say some
thing nice about me" observed the Mis-
sourian. They say Champ Clark be
cause il is easy" Mr.. Clark adopted this
name because ut one time. when living in
Lexington. Ky. some letters sent to him
10y n girl acquaintance We're delivered to
another James 3. Clark. Now, as he de-
clares, he wouldn't trade with William
Hohenzollern. Edward Victim. even with
Franz Josef HapShurg-L
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1906-07-13
OPERATED BY THE TIDE.
Machine Worked by the Waves Is
Among Recent Devices.

The type of bell buoy which is now
in such general use depends upon the
action of the waves to throw the clap
per back and forth, and in this man
ner produce the warning sound. This
makes the self-acting bell available for
service only where there is consider
able agitation on the surface of the
water, says the Philadelphia North
American.
At other points it is necessary to pro-
vide a mechanical buoy, in which the
bell is rung through the medium of
simple engine driven by compressed air
from tank. Such a buoy requires
more or less constant care and atten-
ton, which makes it too expensive for
use except where commerce is of suffi-
cient Importance to warrant the ex-
penSe.
For use in minor streams and water
ways, bell buoy operated by the tide
has been made available by the recent
invention of Thomas Weber, of Egg
Harbor n. J. The device consists of
a float, which is fitted with a paddle
wheel The latter is partially sub
merged, and the upper part entirely
housed in. so that only the lower part
of the wheel is exposed to the action
Of the water.
No matter how slow the tide may be
running, the wheel is turned and the
paddles, in passing over and around.
come in contact with the extended end
of the bell clapper, which is raised a
short distance and released. whereupon
the bell is given sharp blow This
makes a very effective and economical
means of marking channel
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1906-07-13

Clarence Rice Slocum of New York, Il
SON of the late Gen. SIocum. has been Sc
Iected 10 be the first American official
representative in the Congo country, hav-
inc been designated by the President to
I'LL the newly created post of consul gen
eraI at Bona, Congo Free State. His
credentials will be directed TO King Leo
pold. Mr.. Slocum is at present the
United States consul at Weimar, Ger
many. where he has been stationed since
March 5 of last year.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1906-07-13

Next to Lord Charles Beresford,
Prince Louis of Battenberg, who visited
the United States last year, is the most
popular officer in the British navy. He
is a stern disciplinarian, but always
scrupulously just, thoroughly up-to-date
in his profession and with knowledge
Of mechanics which almost ranks him as
an expert. He speaks English like a
native except when excited. Then his
favorite exclamation is 'Ach, himmel!"
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1906-07-13

President Theodore Roosevelt is not
mentioned in the will of his uncle, Rob
ert NJ. Roosevelt. The will disposes OF
an estate valued at several millions of
dollars. The greater part of it is left IN
three equal shares to his three children,
John s. and Robert B. Roosevelt, Jr,,
and Mrs Margaret Kimberley. The lat
ter's share is to be held in trust for her
for life. with reyersion to her children.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1906-07-13

Rev. DR.. Edgar p. Hill Of Portland,
Ore, who has accepted the chair of
homiIetics in Mccormick seminary, for
merly was Il pastor in Chicago, where
he spent his boyhood. Many years ago
he went from Chicago to Treeport. H.,
where he had charge of the First Pres
byterian church and made an excellent
record. Dr. Hill has been very success
full in his work at Portland.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1906-07-13

statues and fountains in sunken italian
gardens make a veritable fairyland. |
Here also is stabIing accommodation
for eighteen horses.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1906-07-13
Cold Storage.

Those are rabbits eggs said the
facetious waitress
I'll bet they are" replied the board
er. I've got too much respect for hen
to think she'd be guilty of anything
that tastes like this Detroit Free
Press.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1906-07-13

the heavens above the earth, an invest
ment of about eighty thousand dollars.
This estimate is most conservative.
Fellow countrymen, in the name Of
economy, thrift, philanthropy, business,
sense, and all sorts of other things, is
there no way to stop this reckless ez-
trayagance?"
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1906-07-13

Mrs. Henry NJ. Knowles of Boston has
presented the town of Cohasset with Il
massive granite fountain in memory Of
her husband, the late Henry NJ. Knowles.
Mr. Knowles died at his summer home at
Cohasset several years ago. The foun-
tain will be placed ON Jerusalem road.
1t will cost upward of $1,000.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1906-07-13

Prof. David Crenshaw Barrow has
been elected chancellor of the Univer-
sity of Georgia to succeed the late Wal
ter B. Hill, and Prof. Charles NJ. Smell
ing has been elected dean of Franklin
college and vice chancellor to succeed
Prof. Barrow.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1906-07-13
Button! Button!o

Every man has his place in the So
Geological scheme the man whose
soul cannot rise above buttons. Speak
ing OF the woful waste of money" says
an advocate of the simple life by way
of the Kansas City Journal, I'VE wish
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1906-07-13

DIR. Daniel Bonbright, dean emeritus
and head of the Latin department of the
Northwestern University, has about COM
pIeted fifty years as an instructor 1T that
institution. In the present senior class
are several students whose parents grad
uated under Dr. BOnbright.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1906-07-13

Among the year-end announcements OF
the corporation of Harvard University is
that of the establishment of the Law
School of the Carter professorship of
general Jurisprudence. The professor
ship is provided for by the foundation of
100000, received under the will Of
James c. Carter, \. B., 1850, Ii. b.
1881
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1906-07-13

Charles H. Hough of New York, who
has been named as United States judge
for the Southern district of New York,
was born in Philadelphia in 1853 and
was graduated from Dartmouth college
in 1879.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1906-07-13

King Victor Emmanuel of Italy has
directed Senator ViIlari and Prof. Gre
daro to report on ways and means of
arranging for an Italo-American league
for the exchange of professors between
the United States and Italy.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1906-07-13

Oregon's new senator, Jonathan
bourne. Of Portland, will be one more
Harvard senator and one moe Bay
Slater, having been born in Boston a lit
tie more than thirty years ago.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1906-07-13

Prof. yaIdemar Koch, son Of the great
German bacteriologist, has been appoint
ed to the chair of physiological chemis-
trv ut the University of Chicago.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1906-07-13
The Worlds Revenge.

Ugly people don't get much In tn'
world, do they?"
''Yes, they do; they get all that's
coming to them and that's whos
lot ,"-Detroit Free Press.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1906-07-13

A bronze bust Of James Russell Low
ell. a gift of the class OF 1888. OF Har-
ward College. has been placed on pedes-
nj built in the north wall Of Massachu-
SaffS He'll
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1906-07-13

If the women insist upon progsvs
sive prize foolishness, why not give
progressive dandelion parties, giving
a prize to the one who digs up tD'
most?
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1906-07-13

When a silly man is unable to at
tract attention in any other manner he
invests in a gaudy vest.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1906-07-13

A woman can keep an expense ~
count almost as long as man can Ae'f
a diary.
Eagle River review. [volume] (Eagle River, Wis.) 1890-1927, 1906-07-13

Few men are as brave as their con-
victions.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1906-05-13
Queer Kicks From Shopping Fiend.

From the New York World.
 I have always considered the delivery department the hardest one to manage" said one who Is one of the best known merchants in New York and I consider the man in charge of it about the most important assistant I have. It is a posi- tlon that tries the patience, for day never passes that we do not have scores of complaints from customers who expect us to exceed the very best time schedules we can arrange A few of the complaints are iustifable but most of them are ridi- culous."
 For example a woman who had order ed a small bill of goods about noon tele phoned angrily from her home at { O clock because the goods had not been delivered. Another woman threatened to take her trade to some other store be- cause we would not deliver the same evening some goods she had purchased about o'clock.
 'One of the most agSraVatng com plaints we had come to our attention only the other day. A most eXcitable feminine voice over the telephone demanded to know instantly why her purchase had not been delivered the hour it was prom ised She gave her name and address and on investigation we found that the goods seven cents worth in all, had been order ed delivered above One Hundred and Eff tieth street, on the east side The goods had been purchased in the forenoon and we had been ordered to deliver them the same afternoon. We delivered them the next morning. but l suppose We shall never have another seven-cent order from that customer.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1906-05-13
Counterblast for Tobacco.

From the London Lancet.
 It has often been confidently stated that tobacco smoke is powerful germicde. but so far this property has not been as signed to any one particular constituent of the smoke. The composition of tobac- co smoke is of course complex, but every body knows that tarry oils are princi- pal constituent. and certainly many oils are powerfully antiseptic Nicotine. again. is a strong disinfectant but the quantity of this poison in tobacco smoke is minute, if indeed 1t Is present at all. At least in a number of chemical analy- ses of tobacco smoke made at different times it was difficult to declare with ab- solute certainty that nicotine was an inn portant constituent.
 The oily matter which accumulates in a tobacco pipe is decidedly poisonous. but 1t does not contain any appreciable quan- tity of nicotine, the chief constituent be- ing the very poisonous oil pyridine. To- bacco smoke contains a decided quantity of the very poisonous gas carbon monox- ide. which has been used for preserving purposes and which therefore must pos sess germicida properties.
 Some simple experiments which we have