davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1906-06-15

part Of - INVENTION On the way
from the liChtship 10 the tug the carry
ing power OF water was demonstra ted
by the fact that while the air did not
carry the sound Of the deep sea bell
the melancholy notes came through the
oars and the woodwork of the row
boat.
On board the tug full speed was or
dered. The little craft travelled over
mile TO the west of the llghtship. When
at last il came TO q full stop absolute
silence prevailed except for the voices
of the passengers. The bell notes We're
lost, and the lightshlp itself was little
thing in the distance. Acting upon the
suggestion of an official representing
the signal company, the members or
the party took turns ut putting the
telephone receiver TO their ears. As
clearly. though not so loudly as before.
the sonorous bell pealed out Of the sea.
The throb of the steamship Francesca's
screw was also heard long before the
vessel came i'm sight of the tug.
The submarine telephone is exactly
like any other telephone SO far as its
general theory is concerned. 1t begins
in the wheel house and ends I'm the
bilges. Here. closely pressed against
the shell of she vessel. is n TRANSMITTED
case full Of water, and into il is insert
ed Il microphone This microphone is
n metal drum. The plates of the vessel
form the diaphra GIN. The water trans
mits the sound 10 this. The Importance
Of being able to trace sound in dark
ness or fog has always been appreciat-
ed by mariners Many a good ship has
gone To pieces through the inability OF
the master TO do il. The submarine
signal settles this difficulty.
One each side of n vessel having the
telephone aboard there is a receiver.
\ switch closes the port microphone
and leaves the starboard open, as a
man might listen with one ear shut
and tie other on the alert. Both re-
ceivers are opened and shut in turn
until it is made clear from which side
the sound comes the loudest. This
part of the invention, the company
hopes. will he much improved as time
goes on. so that mariners will be able
10 find n sound with perfect accuracy.
As it is. n vessel with the submarine
signal apparatus need not approach
within a mile Of n lightship. a reef or
land where the bell gives out its warn
ing without being aware OF IL.
I'm March in a binding snowstorm
Captain Turner of the steamship liver
mia heard the Sandy Hook lightships
submarine bell through the telephone
at q distance of ten miles.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1906-06-15

from the West Indies are all acCus-
toned to sing as they work, and bosses
who are capable of leading n chorus
have much greater success than men
who do not have that faculty.
Reports received 10y tho commission
from officials ON the canal zone indi-
cate that one boss has developed songs
which have inspired cOntentment and
energy among his men. with the result
that he has outdiStanced all rivals in
the amount of work accomplished.
Down. men, down" are the words for
which this music master has provided
music that delights the Jamaican
heart Other bosses are using the ira
ditional 'YO heave, no.
, Bosses who have been in the employ
of fruit companies and other corpora
tons in the tropics have carried the
methods of the West Indies to the 18TH
mus with excellent results, and on all
the government work singing is becOm-
ing general.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1906-06-15
GOLD CATCHING IRON CHAIN
Montana Mans Startling Discovery
In an Old Well.

Herman Hermsmeyer of Sheridan,
Mont son of the fatherland, says he
has stumbled upon an easy way of
gathering gold.
He has an old fashioned chain pump
in his We'll and short time ago he dis
covered glistening particles of gold
dust clinging TO its links, says a Sheri-
dan special dispatch to the Cincinnati
Tribune.
Investigation brought out the fact
that the whole length of the chain.
something like hundred feet, had
been eaten full of small holes by the
action of alkali. These holes, says
Hermsmeyer, We're full of pure gold.
He dug out the contents of several
holes with penknife, and test
proved that the gold was genuine.
He now proposes to melt the chain
and clean up several hundred dollars.
Hermsmeyer says the water in the well
must contain gold in minute particles,
which through precipitation have be-
come lodged in the holes eaten by the
alkali. If his clean up pans out as he
hoped he proposes to lease all the wells
in Sheridan and put in chain pumps.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1906-06-15
CASH VALUE OF
MEN.

what is a man worth i'll dollars and
cents?" Can flesh and blood and
brains be reduced to figures with the
dollar sign before?" These questions
were considered recently at meeting
Of the section of ophthalmology of the
American Medical association at BoS-
ton, when DR.. EraStuS l.. Holt of Port
land. Me-, showed by tables that q
mans value in money could be actu-
ally determined by taking into consid-
GRAFTON his occupation and age, says q
special dispatch to the New York
World
Dr. Holt reaffirmed the famous DIR.
Osler theory and by n table indicated
that the economic value of a laboring
man began to decrease after his TWEEN
ty-fifth year and that the economic
value of a professional man began to
decrease after his fortieth year.
DR. Hollis table rates Il boy of ten
years to be worth $2.GO1 g. at fifteen
years he is worth $4,26366. at twenty
five he is worth $J.4SS.03, and from
that time on his value decreases, until
at seventy years he is worth only
S1I13, and at eighty years he is Il
drawback on the community TO the eI-
tent of $S72S4.
\ professional man at twenty-five
years old has an economic value OF
SO, S9S.94, and his highest value is at
forty years, when he is worth $2J,-
3446S
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1906-06-15
Economic Earthquake.
Diplomacy EXCHANGE

'Shirt sleeves diplomacy" is about to
spring another open and above board
combination on the diplomatic chess
board; an example of the application
of business principles to a calling
which i'll bygone years was character
lied by dark lantern methods, dupIici-
ty and intrigue, says the New York
Posts Washington correspondent. 1t
is nothing less than an American diplo-
matte clearing house in London, under
the supervision of the American am
bassador to Great Britain. There it is
purposed to assemble the important
bits of information gathered by all the
diplomatic and consular officials main
tanned in Europe by the United States.
This knowledge Will be classified and
filed away, to be kept secret, unless
and until some specified disposition of
it is authorized by the secretary of
state. 1t will be Il duplication of SO
much of the department records as
relates to Europe, and the purpose of
having it assembled at the most i'm
portant American diplomatic post
abroad Is to facilitate diplomatic action
and save the expense of cable tolls on
diffusing information sent to Washing
ton from European courts and which
the department wishes to place in the
hands of its representatives at the
other great capitals abroad.
Inns important departure in state de-
partment usage is to be made effective
by paragraph i'm the diplomatic and
consular appropriation bill. which is
now before the senate for action, as
follows:
Clerks at the Embassy at London.-For
two clerks at the embassy to Great Brit
ain. one at the rate OF $3.50 per annum
and one at the rate of 81, 200 per annum.
Adoption of such plan will have the
effect of making Ambassador Reid a
sort of vice secretary of state. Even
now his post is the most important of
all the positions in the service. Other
ambassadors hold the same rank, but
with Mr. Reid the supervising head of
an official bureau which will assimilate
and dispense to all other ambassadors
secret information which they will in
dividually furnish to him his position
will assume an aGNs.d measure of re-
spOnsibility.
Advocacy of clearing house plan Is
but development of Mr.. Roots pains
taking and gradual mastery of every
detail OF state department work. Many
officials who enter the government
service are satisfied to fall directly into
line with the usage Of the department
and follow as closely as may be in the
footsteps Of their predecessors. Upon
such basis is red tape" founded-the
desire to do what has always been
done and to do nothing else for fear of
setting a precedent. Mr.. Root is not
AFFLICTED with any such fear. If he
sees something which may be improv
ed or simplified he doesn't hesitate to
authorize the change. His cold. bust
nesslike manner is rather liked by leg
isiatOrs Mt the capitol. who are sick and
tired of the OPPORTUNITIES of subordin-
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1906-06-15
| BIG vANADIUM DISCOVERY.
Capitalists Expect 1t TO Work Won
ders In Steel Industry.

What is said to promise the revolu-
tionizing of the making of iron and
steel is the recent discovery by Il syn
dictate of Pittsburg and New York CAPT
talists of large deposits of almost pure
vanadium in Peru. says Il Pittsburg
special to the Philadelphia Press.
1t is reported that Standard Oil inter
estS are prominently identified with
the company. which has secured all
rights and concessions from the Peru
Wan government for operation.
The deposit Is said to be the only
one of its kind in the world. and prep
arations are under way to establish 4
$4,000 laboratory in this vicinity to
carry out scientific experiments to de-
termine to what extent this rare and
valuable element can be applied, aside
from the field of iron and steel making
Vanadium is a gray white powder
which has given the peculiar toughness
and resistance TO Swedish iron. A
corps of engineers and chemists has
just returned from Peru. and. accord
ing to their Investigations and tests,
the deposit is almost pure vanadium.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1906-06-15
Submarine Bell S5eSf

To put the receiver of a telephone to
your ear ana hear the sonorous note of
d warning bell come out of the sea; by
the same means to hear the throD of Il
steamships screw when the steamship
cannot be seen and 10y these sounds to
drive Il vessel through fog or darkness,
avoiding collisions and reefs, ackuuwl-
edging signals and making port as Il
skipper would in broad daylight, saw
ors of the opening chapter of a novel
by Jules Verne. Nevertheless these
things can now be done, and they are
made possible by the submarine tele-
phone.
The signal is tie invention OF Pro
fess0r Elisha Gray of Chicago and Ar
thur J. Mundy. 1t is controlled 10y the
Submarine Signal company. Through
the courtesy of the latter Il representa-
tive of the New York Times witnessed
a demonstration of submarine signal
ing on a recent afternoon at Sandy
Hook.
y specially chartered tug took the
party that had been invited to see the
demonstration from Pier to the San
dy Hook lightship. which was riding
easily on an oily swell and the crew
were idling on deck playing cards and
checkers. The only sound that broke
the stiffness OF the ocean was the mel
ancholy tolling of bell One tried to
trace the sound in vain. The big bell
on deck was motiOnless. One of the
men was asked where the sound came
from. He pointed down into the sea.
Submarine" said he.
Pong. Pongr' was the sound that
came from the depths of the ocean.
The captain of the lightship explain
ed that this was the bell from which
steamships fitted with the submarine
telephone took their bearings. 1t was
hung from the keel of the lightship, he
said, and ships miles away, be the
weather thick or clear, could hear il by
telephone and know just where they
were.
The telephone was shown later, but
the bell was the first thing To be eX-
planned. Deep down in the sea it is
operated by compressed air. \ wheel
turning in the engine room of the light
ship marked off five seconds of silence,
then a notch released enough COM
pressed air to drive the tongue of the
submarine bell. The ghostly note came
out of the sea twice with an interval of
a second and a half, then there was n
lapse of five seconds. Again the dou-
bic note sounded. Then there was 4
lapse of three seconds. The continued
repetition of the bell notes with the al
ternate lapses OF five and three seconds
constituted a signal which TO mariners
spelled in the submarine signal code
SANDY Hook Light"
Although many slips are fitted with
the telephone which receives the warn
ing note of the submarine bell. the YES
sci used in the demonstration was a
tug, in the wheelhouse of which there
hung what looked like an ordinary tele-
phone. The party returned to the tug
to see the SECOND and most important
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1906-06-15

ate officials. They do not withhold adj
miration from Il man who knows what
he wants and goes after il as if he in
tended to get it. so the veterans have q
large measure of confidence in Mr..
Roots recommendations. and it is al
together likely they will think as he
does about the clearing house plan and
keep il in the bill
An important provision which is not
likely to stay in, however, is the one
requiring that all necessary clerks at
American embassies and legations
shall be citizens of the United States.
In its essence the provision Is highly
desirable and not subject to adverse
comment. Men who have held high po-
sitions in the American diplomatic
service agree that it is not to this coun-
try's interests to have foreigners shar-
ing its diplomatic secrets, few as they
are, and having access TO the archives
of our missions abroad. But the de-
partment officials know that such Il
rigid exclusion policy cannot be made
effective within three weeks or, in
other words, at the beginning of the
next fiscal year, July 1, when all ap-
preparation bills become effective.
Granting that such a policy should be
adopted, it is imperative that its appli-
cation for time at least shall be left
to the secretary of states discretion.
Doubtless there are many instances
to support this view, but only one is
needed to illustrate the situation. There
is attached to the American legation in
Switzerland a native of that country
who has spent practically his entire
capacity. Diplomats who have held the
post at Bern have testified to the I'M
changing fidelity, ability and interest
of this Swiss member of the legation
staff. He has never, however, become
n citizen of the United States, and if
he should for any sentimental reason
refuse to swear away his brtbright he
would have to terminate his many
years service to the American govern
ment on July 1.
OF all the great supply bills of each
session, the diplomatic and consular
bill is perhaps the most attractive to
the average legislator. 1t consists main
ly of authorizations for appointments
to the foreign service of the United
States and is usually free of dry rou-
tine legislation, such as is inseparable
from most appropriation bills. Then
there is a certain luster attaching to
the mere word diplomacy with it's
opportunities for patriotic service in
foreign lands.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1906-06-15

1 we must still have faith in the plain
| people, whom Jefferson trusted and
whom Lincoln loved.
| The inquiry into the coal carrying
railroads by the interstate commerce
commission has added another chapter
to the book of corporate iniquity
Gross favoritism has been revealed,
gifts of money and stock to railway
! officials have been avOwed, involving
bribery direct and indirect. These dis
closures have most affected the great
Pennsylvania system, showing a con-
dition of corruption among its higher
officials of alarmingly wide extent. So
far, however. the highest official of all,
President CaSsatt, has not been in
Eolved or at least has been involved
only by implication.
CaSsatt, who has been called the best
trained and most capable railroad man
in America if not in the world, is
worth study for and of himself. So
leaving all his CRAFTY subordinates, let
us get into more tonic atmosphere by
examining him and his work. He is
constructive to the highest degree dar-
ing TO the point of audacity, radical
expanSioniSt believing in the future
and with sufficient courage and conf
dence to act on his belief. He has had
the insight TO see the immense growth
of the country's business and to know
that the railroad which measures up to
the occasion and keeps abreast of this
advancement is the one that will reap
the largest harvests from the country's
rapidly increasing trade. There is moth
ing of the conservative about A. J.
Cassatt. He is in no sense a laggard.
He practically went out of the railway
field for seventeen years because the
Pennsylvania management was too
slow for his ardent nature. When he
returned it was because he could carry
out his ideals
In the last few years he has projected
improvements that involved the outlay
of at least S100.O00.OOO. The biggest
of these is the projected tunnels under
the North river, the immense station
in New York city and the extension OF
the line under the East river and into
Brooklyn and Long Island. This dar
ing project made the railroad men of
the country gasp. Yet. practically all
of them have already come to see the
wisdom of the move.
The North river tunnels introduce a
new feature in engineering. They are
to be practically subaqueous bridges.
For the most part they are being driv
en- through the mud under the river
bottom. This mud is not sufficient to
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1906-06-15
AMERICAN CLIPPERS FEAT.
DismantIed I'm "a TyphOOn, She Cross
ed Two Seas With n Jury Rig.

DismantIed In a TyphOOn, She Cross
ed Two Seas With Jury Rig.
The famous American clipper ship
A. @. Ropes arrived i'll New York re-
Gently under jury rig from Kobe, ia
pan. by way of Suez, says the New
York Times. Her arrival marked the
first successful attempt in the history
of the American merchant marine To
bring the dismantled hull of Il full
rugged ship across two seas.
The voyage of the Ropes began last
December. She had poked her nose
into terrific typhoon and in weather
ing it had lost everything above her
decks. Previous to the typhoon the
Ropes was famous In every maritime
exchange of the world as one of the
fastest sailing vessels ever turned out
of an American yard. Her speed rec
ords include races that have taken her
several times around the world.
After her terrible experience in the
typhoon the Ropes drifted helplessly
for four days. her skipper. Captain Riv-
ers, who was still in command when
she rounded Sandy Hook the other
morning, having almost given up hope
of ever getting what was left of his
ship to port. The crew was meanwhile
in despair.
For several days the Ropes drifted
about, and then a ship was sighted.
Her master. after a lot of dickerfng,
agreed to take the ship in tow for $500.
This offer Captain Rivers accepted and
the Ropes was tOwed into Kobe. Japan.
There she was sold at auction, the pur-
chaser being the Luckenbachs of New
York. A jury rig was fixed up, and
under this the Ropes started for New
York. When the ship passed in her
crew said she was in Just as good
shape as the day she left Kobe, six
months ago.
The Ropes was built in 1884, is go
feet long and registers 2,460 tons gross.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1906-06-15

among real men anywhere, and they
won on the Pennsylvania.
Colonel Tom Scott. the genius of the
road, who had Il keen appreciation of
men, saw the stuff that was in the
young engineer and rapidly pushed
him 10 the front. In 1867 CaSsst was
made superintendent of motive power
and machinery for the entire system.
1t was at about this time that he adj
vOcated and had adopted one Of his
daring innovations. There was no
means of handling rapidly and ade-
quately the southern fruit supply. Cas-
satt brought forward Il plan OF eX-
tending the Pennsylvania 10 the coast
and Introducing system of fast fer
ries. the longest ferry haul. by the
way, in the world. 1t was expensive.
but it paid.
Another Cassatt coup was in laying
a line of road which the Pennsy Fania
needed in its business. The Baltimore
and Ohio also needed that same line.
and one of its officials one day gieeful-
ly announced to President Roberts OF
the Pennsylvania that the Baltimore
and Ohio had the matter cinched. He
had counted without Cassatt, however
That young man had seen what was
coming and had quietly located Il block
of stock of which the Baltimore and
Ohio official was ignorant. 1t was this
block of stock which secured the much
sought line for the Pennsylvania and
which also secured Cassatt the first
vice presidency.
In 1880 the prOgreSSives thought that
Mr.. Cassatt should be elected to the
presidency of the road. The conscrva-
tives won, however, and as Il result
two years later he practically left rail
roading and went on to a fine stock
farm near Philadelphia. lie still re-
manned a director of the company and
initiated many Of its policies, but to all
iutents and purposes he remained in
retirement for seventeen .years. He
was a breeder of fast horses and be
came one of the leaders on the turf as
he had before been with fast iron
horses.
Upon the death Of the former presi-
dent the Pennsylvania concluded that
IT needed Cassatt. The story of the
manner of that choice is interesting.
The directors agreed that the man
should be chosen who had been re
sponsible for most improvements. As
each one of these was checked off it
was found that Cassatt had proposed
practically all of them. Cassatt there
fore was the man.
The committee TO notify him Of his
election found him on the golf links. !
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1906-06-15
MARRIAGE ON $40 A WEEK.
An Intricate Problem Solved Mt Chi
cagO Commons.

Diplomas certifying that the recipi.
ents are qualified to keep house" for
husbands receiving wages of so a
week were given recently to several
young women at Chicago Commons.
The graduates, all of whom are to he
married soon, were members of class
in economical housekeeping and cook.
ing. says a Chicago dispatch.
The economical graduates offered
theses In the way of exhibits of break.
fasts, luncheons and dinners that were
attractive, had cost little and were
palatable. Each dish bore a card in
dcating its cost.
A breakfast was shown that was
prepared at an expense of 10 cents
and would suffice for four persons
Dinners ranged somewhat more ex-
pensive, one consisting of meat. two
vegetables, a salad and a pudding for
four being rated at 40 cents.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1906-06-15
Too Many babies.

The Dawes commission is discover
ing that there are more Cherokee ba-
bies to enroll for allotments than was
ut first supposed, says Muskogee cor
respondent of the Kansas City Jour-
nal. The passage of the Curtis bill pro-
vides that all children born between
the time the roll first closed and prior
10 March 1, 1906. shall be enrolled for
allotments. About 1000 have been
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1906-06-15
Orange .Juice End.

Just now one of the fads of diet is
orange Juice says the Chicago Inter
Ocean. Its effects on some is marvel
Gus. In extreme cases of poverty of
the blood 1T Is preventive of the dis
tressing effects that generally follow.
For any one who has a tendency TO
such trouble 1t is said to be an excel
lent thing to take the juice of at last
one orange as soon as awakening In
the morning.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1906-06-15

hold up the immense weight of lOcOmo-
tives and trains that will pass through
the tunnels. For that reason great
steel screws are to be sunk down to
bed rock, and the tracks are to rest on
these. This is equivalent to system
of steel trestle work in the mud under
the river. 1t took daring genius to
carry through plan as novel as that.
The man who invented this expe-
dent is Charles NJ. Jacobs. who has
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1906-06-15

tenn for boring tunnels under river
beds and introduced the novel and eff
ficient plan of pushing these great cy-
iindrical shields forward as one would
drive a stake through the dirt, pushing
the mud aside instead of the longer
and more expensive process of remov-
ing it. Jacobs is now i'll charge of six
tunnels under the North river and is
consulting engineer on several more
under the East river. Four of the