davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1906-11-15
FAVORS STANDARD POLICY
Insurance Committee Meeting al Chicago
Also for New Restrictions of Life
Insurance Investments.

CHICAGO, H., Nov. 12.-Thc com.
mittee of fifteen appointed mt the meet
ing of insurance commissioners, govern
ors of states, attorneys general and in
surance attorneys here last February met
here today. With them were officers of
the American Life convention. \ formal
report was to be submitted late in the
day.
Unoilicially it was stated that the com
mittee i'll relation TO standard forms of
policies and standard provision for poll
cics favors the standardization although
the American Life convention adopted Il
resolution opposing it.
1t was expected that the report would
favor limiting Investments of insurance
companies to bonds of the United States
or of any county, city, town or school
district; To loans upon improved unin-
numbered real estate TO an extent not cX-
ceedng so per cent. of the value of the
property. The report was also expected
to favor Investments in buildings for
home office purposes and i'll well secured
prOmiSSOry notes.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1906-11-15

lens confronting him when he tool,
charge of the engineering department
One Of these was the lack of organiza
ton and the other the labor problem.
Red tape ruled everywhere and caused
costly and vexatious delays; steam
shoyels were installed, but could fill
the cars more quickly than the dirt
always blocked. Consequently, owing
to lack of railroad facilities, there was
seldom more than two shOvels work
ing at one time in the Culebra Cut.
The dirt was being made to fly, but
the movement was spectacular rather
than practical. At the rate things were
going the canal would have cost many
times more than the estimated cost
and required Il generation to complete.
Eleven steam shovels were working
in the Culebra Cut which is about sew
Ell miles long and about 5000 men,
| tWo-thir.s Of them jamaican negroes.
were slowly going to sleep over their
task.
! ms STATE VI dll ATS IL DSluS Eplne-
died. Many new American dredges
have been installed, additional railroad
facilities have been constructed 50 that
the loaded cars can be quickly taken
away and empty cars put in their
places. About 100000 cubic yards
of earth and rock have to be removed
from the divide, now known as the
Culebra Cut. The steam shovels ac-
complish an astonishing amount of dig
gins in few minutes, but the ques-
ton of what to do with the dirt thus
displaced will Noon require serious
answer.
More important at the present, how
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1906-11-15
KILLS BOMB THROWER
MAYOR OF MOSCOW BARELY ES.
CAPES A HORRIBLE DEATH.
Attacked on the Street and Avenges Him
self Quickly with Revolver
He Carried. ..

MOSCOW, Nov. ia bomb was
thrown at Mayor Reinbot on Tver street
at II o'clock this morning. Reinbot, who
was not hurt, quickly pulled out re-
volver and shot and killed the man who
threw the bomb.
KRASNOYARSK, Siberia, Nov H.
Three soldiers of the local garrison who
day were Immediately tried by court.
struck a sergeant and an officer yester.
martial and shot.
TIFLIS, Nov. ia deafening bomb
explosion occurred on Pethanski street
early Sunday. while the police were
making search of an unoccupied
house. The entire city was shaken.
Three policemen were killed and four IL
jured.
The police discovered revolutionary
proclamations under the bed in one of
the rooms in the house. They then
went to window and pulled aside a
curtain. Then followed the explosion,
the force of which was so great that the
body of a sergeant, one of the men
killed, was hurled over a neighboring
roof. The whole upper portion of the
house fell in.
1t is apparent that snare had been
arranged and the police lured into it.
The police received tip 10 search this
particular house.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1906-11-15

ever. IS the question Of labor. AS has
been said, the Jamaican negroes upon
whom 50 many hopes were built, have
been proved to be a failure. A recent
visitor to the Canal zone says: The
commission is unfortunate in that the
jamaica negro Is the most easily OBJ
tanned workman for common labor. He
is Il happy, laughter-loving person, and
he can stand the climate, but here his
eulOgy switches to profanity. Forcmen
say that he Is absolutely the LATEST
brute of the human kingdom His in
gehuity is unsurpassed for prolonging
single, simple motion. such as lamp
ing a drill, into complex series of
time-killing processes. He thinks loaf
ing quarter minute worth while. and
does it whenever the boss is not look
ing. When it rains he stops, or is al
lowed to stop. His other excuses for
not working are innunerable and con
stantly employed. Already such work
men have received hundreds of dollars
for which they have given no value.
Before the canal is completed the
amount thrown away by US on these
negroes will climb to staggering fig
ure unless some reform takes place"
1t is estimated that between $4,000
and 10000 men will be needed event
ually, but at present the commission
has been testing the various kinds of
obtainable labor The need of the
canal grows more urgent every day.
Under the best conditions eight years
probably will be necessary to complete
the work. and it seems to have been
demonstrated that n much longer pc
rod will be necessary if the conditions
which have existed are to continue.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1906-11-15
GANlTED STATES2*M 81
%sHAsTENW(6&R5kk1XSa
d5 PANAMA. @z}6=9zSNN

Work on the Panama Canal Is to be
fastened and practical results are to
be in evidence from this time on. we are
told. Impotence to make the dirt
fly" is said to have been the cause OF
much of the troubles during the first
year of the American occupation. La
Dor was only secured with difficulty,
for there is legend, more or less
founded on fact, that the French left
a trail of corpses in their wake. With
in Il few miles in the Culebra Cut, it Is
said, 10000 men died. White men
could not stand the malaria and yell
low jack which like spectre of the
black death lowered over the isthmus.
However, it was believed that modern
scientific methods could at least lower
the death rate to something like the
normal, and the first efforts were made
in cleaning out the cities at either end
of the line, and in building habitable
and sanitary homes for the men who
were to dig out the great ditch.
The Canal Commission is divided into
iHiSt pi liClpdl tt'pil LlhSHlS' VI tH'SS
Chairman Theodore I. Shonts is head
OF the first. which is concerned with
the fiscal affairs of the commission and
the purchase and delivery of supplies.
The second department IS headed by
Charles T.. Magoon, who is Governor of
the Canal zone, in addition TO the adj
miniStration and enforcement of law,
and has charge of the important work
of sanitation. The latter now is prac-
tically left to the direction of Col. w.
c. GOrgas, chief sanitary officer. The
third department has to do with the
actual work of canal digging. This is
the engineers department. and comes
under the supervision of the chief en-
gneer. John f. Stevens
Doctor Gorgas' sanitary squad has
thus far done considerable toward Civ
ing the fatal district a clean bill of
health. With great regularity houses
are fum gated. all rain barrels are COW
. cred, all puddles or ponds treated so
that mosquitoes do not breed, and
where necessary infected buildings are
burned.
Mr.. Stevens found two great prob
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1906-11-15
CULLOM TARIFF REFORMER.
Senator Learns Lesson from Elections
lus. Past.

WASHINGTON, ID. C.. Nov. r.
Senator tullom of Illinois has come here
MS the advance agent for tariff revision
The senator reads from the elections
that the people want the tarIi revised
Although | don't know anything
ABOUT it," he said, Il believe it extremely
likely that President Roosevelt will call
an extra session Of Congress after the
close of the regular session in March to
consider tariff revision.
should the tariff he revised next
spring, the law will operate for more
than year before the presidential cleo
ton Personally favor tariff revision
and not tariff removal"
The administration unquestionnbly en-.
tertains the same view as Senator Gull
on. but there has been no suggestion on
the part of the President indicating his
intention to call IN extra session. In
fact. the message the President conplet-
ed before he left for Panama contains
no reference to the tariff.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1906-11-15
POPE Plus is DEFENDED
STIRRING ADDRESS IN CHAMBER
OF DEPUTIES IN FRANCE.
Declared That Pontiff Faces Moral and
Material Ruin or Strife in Combat
With New Church Law.

PARIS, Nov. 12.-The debate on the
application of the church and state sep
aration law was resumed in the chambe.
Of deputies today, NJ. Piou, amid APP
plause from the Right, insisted that the
state should negotiate a settlement NJ
Rome.
AS matters Stood he said, the Pope
was forced TO choose between moral an
material ruin .: continue TO prefer
poverty and schism.
A refusal to modify the law, NJ. Piou
declared. would be equivalent to the
declaration CT religious war by the
state.
ROME, Nov. 12.-Thc Vatican au-
thorities have officially acquiesced to the
King of Greece visiting King Victor
Emmanuel, November %. and remaining
here four days. II King George desires
to see the Pope the latter will willingly
accpde
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1906-11-15
TO PROTECT JEWISH RACE
Permanent Protection Committee, OF
Which Oscar S. Straus Is Mem
Der, Formed i'll New York.

NEW YORK. Nov. 12.-For the pro
tection, preservation and the extension
of the civil and religious rights and
privileges Of Jews the American Jewish
committee, composed of prominent mem
bers of the race from all parts of the
United States. organized at the HoteI
Savoy Sunday.
1t is not the purpose to interfere with
the work of any existing situation, but
the idea is that it shall be permanent
organization, which will have surplus
fund ready for any sudden call, such as
the Kishineff massacres or the San
Francisco disaster
Oscar S. Straus of New York, Judge
Mayer Sulzberger of Philadelphia, DR.
Emil G.. Hirsch of Chicago, Prof. j. NJ
Holender of Baltimore. Jacob n. Schif
of New York and Daniel Guggenhein
of New York are members of tue com
mittee.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1906-11-15
SHED TEARS IN DISGRACE
vile (Tex) Rioting Disarmed-
No Signs of Trouble

Ell RENO, Ok, Nov. 1.-THE mem.
bers of Cos. b, G and ID of the Twenty
fifth infantry (colored) recently ordered
dismissed by President Roosevelt as o
result of the riot at Brownsville, Tex,
August Is, We're formally disarmed Sun
day. Many of the men, some of whom
had been in the service more than TWEEN
ty years, shed tears when they gave up
their guns.
Today the disarmcd troops drilled
without arms and were discharged upon
receipt of the order from Washington.
The Second battalion of the Twenty
sixth infantry, which arrived from San
Antonio, has gone into camp just out.
side the garrison. The negro troops
have shown no DISPOSITION to be ugly
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1906-11-15
LACKAWANNA GIVES IN.
Demands of Engineers Granted-Erie
Firemen May Stakeholder Com
panies in Danger.

NEW YORK. Nov. 1.-THE demands
of the engineers employed by the Lacka.
wanna Railway company were adjusted
today at a conference between President
w. II. Truesdale aud the representa-,
tives of the engineers. The engineers
were granted lO-hOur day and increase
in wages aggregating for the 900 engi.
neers $4,000 TO $50, 900 annually.
Grand Master Hannahan of the Broth.
erhood of Locomotive Firemen said to.
day that the poll of Erie firemen has
resulted in an almost unanimous vote in
favor of n strike, so far as returns have
been received.
Grievance committees representing the
engineers and iiremen of the New York,
New Haven & Hartford railway and the
New York Central railway met here to.
day to discuss the wages and hours of
labor situations.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1906-11-15

ern complaint of nerve lassitude, as is
apparent from the following Gcntences:
Il say deliberately that the nrwspa-
per with all it's faults is one of the bull
warks of sanity ut the present epJlh.
II is The antidotc to corroding cgotisin
Ind gives world wide horizon to the
riIrhind and short sighted. 1t Is real
ans carncSt IN its tragedy and comedy.
ph.ic . novel is only n make believe II
supplies snacks of biography in the form
~ gossip. 1t manufactures heroes rs
tie ,'n7cl anil it furnishes m easily d.
,aast il'r intellectual pahnlnm. Many 4
maa h"s been saved from melancholy
MI tatnity by his daily paper Sup
rras, your newspapers and you viii have
to eGlnree Your lunatic asylums."
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1906-11-15
Dedicated TO Labor.

"Do you, of your own free will and
with full knowledge of the solcmnity
of the act, dedicate the life of this, your
child, to the cause of labor
I'VE do"
Rev. Duncan &. Miner. in the ST.
James Methodist Episcopal church, Chi
cago, asked the question. MIR. and Mrs.
Harry G.. Creel, parents of the baby, an
swered it.
The ceremony. which gave the life of
the child. Herr Lee Glcssner Creel. 10
months old to the cause of unionism,
was one of the most unusual ever seen
in Chicago church In oder TO carry
it out president Edwin K. Wright called
special meeting of the Allied Printing
Trades council Rev. William 4. Quayle.
pastor of the church. ut which Mr. ana
, Mrs Crcel are worshipers. delivered the
address of welcome. and the dedication
ceremony was conducted by DR.. Miner,
who is connected with the department
Of church and labor of the Presbyterian
church Eighteen labor unions We're rep
resented.
The strange ceremony has been
planned for months by Mr.. Creel. who
is I'M honorary member of the ooOkbind-
ers' union.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1906-11-15
The Faithful white Mule.

A Georgia man has written the fol-
lowing on an oak slab which marks s,
supposed grave in Il meadow:
This spot is sacred to the memory
of a faithful animal--a white mule.
and went through that war on rush,
from Bull Run to Lees surrender We
amt certain that the mule died here,
but when last seen the faithful critter
was grazing on this identical spot and
trying TO kick lightning-tlash back to
the clouds. "-Atlanta Constitution.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1906-11-15
Sausages in Love Suit.

Mich was engaged to Fraeulein Crete
Christ Not only did he give her jewel
ry, but he Toasted her nearly every even
ing. But another young admrer came,
and. with hardly word of explanation
Fraeulen Crete broke her engagement
with Huber. The discarded lover sought
balm in the law
The German code docs not recognize
damages for breach of promise but the
Tilted person can claim all presents In.
Der put in bill of particulars. including
not only rings, brooches. bracelets. stick
pins. hatpins. and other things. but add
ed several thousand glasses Of beer aud
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1906-11-15
November.

Against the lcadcn, bleak November sky,
The branches bare convey SENSE Of cold,
Though In the month that now has passed
MS by
They were arraycd In gowns Of cloth OF
gold
Today u shroud they wear of wIthered
leaves,
Which have withstood Borcas' bitter
breath
chill viii they be when he at last bcrcayeg
Them of the few that closely cling Ia
death.
The rain drops down in slanting pour all
day,
The river, chill and dark. doth scarcely
How,
The heavy clouds cnwrap the sky IN gray,
And uc'"r permit the cheerful sun to
show.
All, Winter, with your joyous Christmas
bell.
| prithec come ana ring Novcmbcrs kncll
Ethel Ovlatt Lewis in the Metropolitan
Magazine.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1906-11-15

support of the family by selling papers
The struggles and hardships Of the
street waits life make lasting i'm
preston on his mind, and he vowed that
he would make it one of his chief aims
in life to give big dinner once year
to newsboys, II he ever should achieve
success. How well he succeeded in this
ambition is part Of the history of
'newsboydom' In Chicago. In the late
'7Os he started in business ut the north
east corner OF West Madison and Hal
sted streets. There he next fall he
gave his first Thanksgiving dinner To
the ''newsies" He fed about 100 tn"
first year. but gradually the number If
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1906-11-15

waits for whom he annually played host
increased until in the last few years he
has had 10000 Thanksgiving guests, and
the expense for each feed reached So
OOO.
One Of Mr.. Woolf's last acts was to
hold conference with his brother and
arrange for a continuance of the annual
feast after his death.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1906-11-15
JOHNSON, 1908" TEXANS CRY

COOPER. Tex, Nov. l2.-At n mass
meeting of Democrats held mere Satur-
day night n boom was launched for Coy.
John \. Johnson OF Minnesota Tor preSi-
dent of the I uItcd States. Resolutions
were adopted affirming that johnson is
m honest man without n blotch on his
clara cter and ~ fine executive ability
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1906-11-15
BIG LAND CASE IN PERIL.
Kansas Said to Have No Action Against
the "Katy" Railway.

WASHINGTON, ID. c., Nov. 12.-In
the federal supreme court today, SO,
licitor General Hoyt filed n motion on
behalf Of the government to dismiss the
case Of the state Of Kansas W. the
United States for possession Of the In.
dian territory lands claimed to have been
granted to the Missouri, Kansas 4 Tex.
as railway and which are estimated to
be worth upwards Of SlO,0OO,OO0. The
motion was based on the contention that
Kansas has no substantial interest il
the case.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1906-11-15

en- every year to
the thousands of
boys who sell news
papers in Chicago.
Is dead. Mr.. Woolf
was born in Lon
don, Eng, In 1850,
and when a boy
came to America
with his parents,
who settled in La
fayette, Ind. At
the age Of 10 he be,
-
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1906-11-15
LADIES

I ADiET IF you are suffering from persistent
IND'L0 Headache, Painful Menstruation,
Uterine Displacements. Pains in Back, and feel
as If 1t were impossible for you to endure your
troubles and still be obliged to attend to your
household and social obligations, give thu
Doctor call. He will cure you If you trust your
self to his care. A great many have taken treat
nent OF this Specialist, end he refer ca to
those who has teen cu.ed by him.
3. Thousands cured at home by correspondence
ate secrecy in all profess onal dealings. Address
I'd Scent stamp for list OF Questions and pamphlet
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1906-11-15
FIVE DIE in EXPLOSION
Fifteen or Twenty Others Badly Injured
When Boiler Blows Up Near
Cleveland, o.

CLEVELAND, o., Nov 12.-Five
men were killed and fifteen or twenty
others badly injured by the explosion Of
a boiler in the shops of the Lake Shore
& Michigan Southern railway at Collin.
wood. n suburb, this afternoon
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1906-11-15
VARICOCELE.
Varicoceie Impairs Vitality

| want every man afflicted with Vari-
cocele, Blood Poison, Nervo-Vital De.
bility, or allied troubles to come to my
Office where l will explain to him my
method of curing these diseases. in
vite IN particular all men who have be-
come dissatisfied with treatment else
where. | will explain to you why you
have not been cured, and will demon.
strate to your entire satisfaction why 7
can cure you safely, quickly, and per.
manently. MY COUNSEL WILL
COST YOU NOTHING, BUT MY
CHARGES FOR A PERFECT CURE
WILL BE REASONABLE AND NOT
MORE THAN YOU WILL BE WILL.
ING TO PAY lCR THE BENEFITS
CONFERRED. WILL Do By YOU
AS I WOULD WANT YOU TO DO
BY ME If OUR CASES WERE
REVERSED.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1906-11-15
Newspapers and Lunacy.

Sir James CricI.on Browne, an a,,-
thor'ty ~ mcntai and nervous disease.
il an address NJ London hal .ottc,h ~.
70 say IN re""rd 70 tie position Of moi
err newspapers IL phnrmacopoeia. Sir
James appears ~ believe In tho news
paper cure against tht essentially mod
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1906-11-15

! Cure Nervous Debility, Blood
Poison. Rheumatism, Enlarged
Veins, Fistula, Piles and Other
Rectal Diseases. Kidney, Blad.
der and Lingering Ailments.
MAKE NO CHARGE FOR CONSULTA.
TON. whether you take Treatment. or not
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1906-11-15

TOPEKA. Kan, Noy. l. The Of
iicial canvass mndc W % noon todas
covered 100 ont ii 100 counties ia til
.tatr ahd gave llorh ltcpl i plurality
over Harris. t)rml III 1903 votes ioI
governor 1hc unofficial returns from til,
missing counties, make Ivel's plurality
1871
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1906-11-15

pllfy spelling in the
English language
by the utterance o.
] u d z q Lambert
Tree, Chicago's dis
tinguished states
man citizen. wh1
has returned from
a four months so
journ in England.
According TO judge
Tree the British
nation is more stir.
red IN OVpv the
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1906-11-15
Blood Diamond.

Patience-You know you can't get
blood out Of stone.
Patrice-No; but / know girl
friend who got n stone out OF blood. !"
--Yonkers Statesman.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1906-11-15

links Of sausage enough to reach nearly
around his beloved B'varin.
Much to Frneulcin Grete's chagrin her
Tilted sutton won his case. She had To
return II lot Of assorted jcwerv and
give him 500 IN cash 20 settle for the
beer ana sausaCes.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1906-11-15
THE NEWSBOYS' FRIEND.
Isaac Wolf Had 10000 Guests Every
Thanksgiving Day.

Isaac Wolf, known for twenty five
years as 1.-The newsboys' friend" because
Of the Thanksgiving dinner he had Civ
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1906-11-15
Gezer Is COCO Years Old.

Gezer. nm ancient city Of Palestine.
which has just been visited BY arclaeolo-
cists, is about COCO years old
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1906-11-15
BRITISH ARE WRATHY.
Resent Attempt to Tampcr with the
English Language.

a new and, to Americans. n sCme
what humorous light has been cast UP
on President Roosevelt's efforts TO sim
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1906-11-15
Practical.

I'm sure my 2-year-old son is going
to have good business ability" said the
proud father.
"What'S the reasonT asked friend.
"We tried every way to force him to
stop putting his thumb in his mouth.
but he never paid the least attention
to us till we offered TO buy him f.
Detroit Free Press.
The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1906-11-15

Every time we see Il fat dog rolling
over, we envy him the pleasure.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1906-04-06
PROPOSALS.

z IneF, IT Htc- 81. ~, VIZ. $z52, mo-, 81 20
OFFICE or THE COMMISSIONERS. D, O.,
Washington, %. c., Aprs S, 19o5.-Sealed pro-
posals will be received at this ofice until twelve
O'clock April u, I9o6- TO furnish the District at
Columbia 10000 dog tags more Or less be num-
bered eonstcutirely. with links attached and strsg
in order on wire OF one hundred tags e6eh. Twelve
hundred dog tags not numbered and without Inks.
Twelve hundred unattached links. The above
mentioned tags to be made OF best quality German
pose. 5-e4 OF an inch thick, stamped with date
1e06-19Q7, D. @. Tax, the figure Of dogs head.
ner. Bidders to suirmit samples Of metal thsy
propose to nse and design OF tag with their bid6.
property OF the District All to be delivered con-
plese OF before May q 1909. TIE right 4 -
served TO reject any and sill prop0ea1s. HENRY
r. +, AaisFART4AND. HENRY L. WEST. John
ssIsisIE. Commissioners. ID. G. o-St.eSaf