davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Palestine daily herald. [volume] (Palestine, Tex.) 1902-1949, 1906-12-28
RAILROAD PRESIDENT DEAD.
President A. J. cassatt Of the Pennsyl.
vania Dies Suddenly.

Special to the Herald.
Philadelphia, Dec. 2S.-President A.
J. Cassatt Of the Pennsylvania rail-
road died suddenly this afternoon.
The National tribune., 1906-05-17

nized that my power, upon any occa-
sion, to deal quick and heavy blows 10
the enemy would be greatly hampered
unless could procure the relief of this
officer and the appointment of one bet
Whilst Gen. Hardee had. perhaps. no
superior as a corps commando during
retreat in presence of an enemy, or in
defensive operations, he was wanting in
that boldness requisite for offensive war
fare This, his defect, which may be
found in officers of undoubted courage
and of every rank, was aggravated by
the protracted "timid defensive" policy
under my predecessor, and to this mis-
fortune I attributed his non-Observance
of orders. Long and gallant service had,
however, endeared him TO his troops,
and, because of further Decentralization
which 1 feared might ensue in the event
of his removal. 1 decided to retain him
in command. Moreover, President Davis
held in high appreciation his ability as
a corps commander. Lee, Stewart and
G.. w. Smith were very open in the ex-
preston of their opinion in regard to
his conduct, which they imported to
less charitable motive than l was will
ing to concede. Their opinion of the
consequences of his non-fuifillment of
orders is recorded in the following eX-
tract from the official report of Maj
Gen. G. w. Smith:
"If they (the corps commanders) are
not unanimous, there is but one, if any.
who dissents from the opinion expressed
above, viz: Sherman would have been
The National tribune., 1906-05-17

me sincere sorrow. Although in the
same class, 1 was several years his
junior, and, unlike him, was more we'd
often, when we were cadets. have / left
barracks at night to participate in some
merrymaking, and early the following
morning have had recourse to him to
help me over the difficult portions of
my studies for the day. Since we had
graduated in June, 1853. and had each
been ordered off on duty in different
directions it had not been our fortune
to meet. Neither the lapse of years,
nor the difference of sentiment which
led us to range ourselves on opposite
sides in the late war, had Iessened my
friendship; indeed, the attachment
formed in early youth, was strengthens
ed by my admiration and gratitude for
his conduct toward our people in the
vicinity of Vicksburg. His considerate
and kind treatment of them stood in
bright contrast to the course pursued
by many Federal officers, and his acts
were ever characterized by those gem
tlemanly qualities which distinguished
him as a boy. No soldier fell in the
enemy's ranks whose loss caused me
equal regret.
1t became apparent almost imme-
diately after the battle of the 22d that
Sherman would make an attack upon
our left, in order to destroy the Macon
Railroad; and from that moment, may
say, began the siege of Atlanta. The
battles of the goth and 22d checked
The National tribune., 1906-05-17

tive Of much benefit to the army. II
greatly improved the morale of the
troops, infused new life and fresh hopes,
arrested desertions, which had hitherto
been numerous, defeated the movement
of Mcpherson and Schofield upon our
communications in that direction and
demonstrated to the foe our determine
ton to abandon no more territory with
out at least a manfui effort to retain 1t.
I cannot refrain from mentioning the
noble and gallant old hero, Ma1.-Gen.
w. H. s Walker, who fell at the head
of his division whilst bravely LEADING
1t into battle on the 22d of July. He
was an officer of the Old Army, had
served with great distinction in the
Mexican War, and was generally be-
loved by officers and men. On the
night of the 21st, shortly before joining
in Hardee's line of march with his
troops, he rode by my headquarters,
called me aside, and, with character
istic frankness, expressed his apprecia-
ton of the grave responsibilities at
tached to the. position in which l had
been placed; assured me that he fuil
well understood the condition of the
army, after our protracted retreat from
Dalton. and wished me to know, before
he entered into battle, that he was with
me IN nedrt anu puTpoSe, anu ihtehueu
to abide by me through all emergencies.
During the early afternoon of the en-
suing day / received the painful intel
ligence of his death; and / am certain
that those officers and men who came
within the sphere of his genial presence
will unite in the verdict that no truer
or bracer man ever fell upon the field
# battle.
In connection with this sad event, I
will record also the death of my class
mate and friend n boyhood, Gen. Nc
Pherson, which occurred the same day,
and the announcement of which caused
The National tribune., 1906-05-17

ments, several of which they had car
ried and held. Fearing a concentration
of the enemy upon Hardee, l command
ed Gen. Cheatham, about 3 p. m. to
move forward with his corps, and at
tack the position in his front, so as to,
at least, create a diversion. The order
was promptly and well executed, and
our troops succeeded in taking possess
sion of the enemy's defenses in that
part of the field. A heavy enfilade fire,
however, forced Cheatham to abandon
the works he had captured.
Mai. G. w. Smith, perceiving
that Cheatham had moved out on his
left, and having thoroughly compre-
hended all the orders relative to the
battle. moved gallantly forward with
his State troops in support of Cheat
hams attack, but was eventually forced
to retire on account of superiority of
numbers IN bis .ront. The militia, under
his leadership, acted with distinction on
this occasion, and Georgia has reason
to congratulate herself that her troops
were under the command of soldier
of the ability and skill of Gen. G. w.
Smith.
Hardee bore off as trophies eight
guns and 13 stands of colors, and, hav-
ing rectified his line, remained in the
presence of the enemy. Cheatham cap
tured five guns and five or six stands
of colors.
Notwithstanding the -fulfillm ent
of the brilliant result anticipated, the
partial success of that day was produc-
The National tribune., 1906-05-17
The 11sth Ill.

Editor National Tribune: I am a con-
stant reader of your grand old paper,
and would ask that you kindly give
short history of the 117th Ill.-Howell
Strosser, Collinsville, Ill.
The Nth Ill. was organized at Camp
Butler Sept. 19. 1862. and mustered rut
Aug. 5, 1865, with the recruits trans
ferred to the 33d Ill. Col. Risdon VI.
Moore commanded it throughout its
service. Private William f. Moore re-
ceived d Medal of Honor. 1t belonged
to Mowers Division. Sixteenth Corps,
and lost II killed and 119 died from
disease-Editor National Tribune.
The National tribune., 1906-05-17
Personal Experiences the United States and the Confederate
States Armies.
BY Lieut.. zen. ]. B. HOOD, c. S. A.
States Armies.

tween our general line of battle and
that formidable stream. Although the
troops of Hardee fought, seemingly,
with determination and spirit, there
were indications that the desired end
was not being accomplished. The roar
of musketry occurring only at intervals
strengthened this impression, and a
staff officer was dispatched to Gen.
Hardee to know the actual result.
During the early afternoon l received
information that the attack had been
in part successful, but had been checked
in consequence of our troops coming in
contact with different lines of intrcnch-
The National tribune., 1906-05-17

beaten had your orders been obeyed on
the goth of July, 22d of July and 31st
of August
About the Autumn of 1874 I met in
st. Louis Gen. Frank Blair, with whom
L conversed at length upon military
events of the past; and, reverting to the
battle of the 22d, I informed him that
my instructions to Hardee had been to
completely turn McPhersons left, even
if he was forced to march to Decatur.
The National tribune., 1906-05-17
The 10th Ind

Editor National Tribune: Please give
a short history of the 149th Ind.-John
L. Market, Madison, Ill.
The 149th Ind. was organized at In
dianapolis, February. 1865. to serve ore
year, and vas mustered out Sept "a,
1865, with William II. Fairbanks as
Colonel. It lost 43 died from disease
Editor National Tribune.
The National tribune., 1906-05-17

He at once remarked that il the move
had been accomplished 1t would have
resulted in the rout of that portion Of
Sherman's army; even under the cir
cumstances the attack nigh proved fatal
to the Federal arms.
(To be continued.)
The National tribune., 1906-05-17

will full information
homesteads the locating these.
country rapidly
the thriving will
a
not be found anywhere else
Sent subscriber who his subscription
subscriber sending 81 subscription Those wishing this book
should the blank appearing this sending their bcp
The National tribune., 1906-05-17
A Handbook of Information as to the
Opening of the ShoshOne Reservation.

Tribune will publish few days. complete handbook of
the Great Shoone Reservation which
opened richly illustrated
all accurately known of the extent and character
lands with sketches of the
had the and silver
100000 tie
The National tribune., 1906-05-17
SECTIONAL cur OF GENERATOR

reason of his vastly superior numbers,
and having failed in the offensive move
ments prior to the fall of Atlanta, its
efficiency for further retarding the
progress of the enemy was much i'm
paired; and, besides, the advantages in
the topography of the country south of
Atlanta were much more favorable to
the enemy for the movements of his
superior numbers than the rough and
mountainous country already yielded to
him."
Lieut.-Gen. Lees large experience in
Virginia qualified him to form a cor
rect opinion upon this subject. 1t
should also be borne in mind that he
assumed command of his corps around
Atlanta on the 25th of July. Immediate
ly after the battles of the Goth and 22d,
which had already, in degree, i'm
proved the morale of the army, and
which had the subsequent effect of
arresting desertions almost entirely
throughout the siege.
Notwithstanding my endeavors to
explain satisfactorily to myself my in
upon the Goth and 22d, 1 remained
somewhat perplexed upon the subject,
especially in regard to the failure, on
the goth, of the best troops of the army,
Hardees Corps. Shortly after the be-
ginning of the siege Maj.-Gen. Gle
bUrne, commanding & division of that
corps, called al my headquarters. The
occurrences of the hour We're discussed,
and finally the two late battles in which
he had been participant. Much was
said pro and con relative to the condi-
ton Of the army and the causes of fail
ure in the above referred to engage
ments. / then unfolded to him the
plans of action together with the per-
emptory orders to halt at nothing on
our side of Peach Tree Creek.
The National tribune., 1906-05-17
XIII.
THE BATTLE OF JULY %.

Death of Gems. McPhersOE and Walker
Gen. Biair's Account of the Attack
Came PeriIousIy Near Being Success
ful-Hood Thinks 1t Improved the
Morale of the Rebel Army.
At dawn on the morning of the 22d
Cheatham, Stewart and g. w. Smith
had, by alternating working parties
during the night previous. not only
strongly fortified their respective posi-
tions. but had kept their men compare
lively fresh for action, and were IN
readiness to act as soon as the battle
was initiated by Hardee. who vas sup
posed to be at that moment in rear OF
the adversary's flank.
l took my position at daybreak near
Cheathams right, whence l could OBJ
serve the left of the enemyS intrench-
ments which seemed to be thrown back
q short distance on their extreme left.
After awaiting nearly the entire morn
ing | heard, about 10 or IL o'clock,
skirmishing going on directly opposite
the left of the enemy, which was IL
front of Cheathams right and Shoupe
artillery A considerable time hal
elapsed when I discovered, with aston
ishment and bitter disappointment, 4
line of battle composed of one of Har-
dee's divisions advancing directly
against the intrenched flank of the e
my. l at once perceived that Hardee
had not only failed to turn McPhersons
left, according TO positive orders, but
had thrown his men against the enc
my's breastworks, thereby occaSionins
unnecessary loss to us and rendering
doubtful the great result desired. In
lieu of completely turning the Federal
left and taking the intrenched line of
the enemy in reverse, he attacked the
retired wing of their flank, having his
own left almost within gunshot of our
main line around the city. l then be-
gan to fear that his disregard of the
fixed rule in war that one danger in
rear is more to be feared than 10 in
front-in other words, that 1000 men
in rear are equal to 5000 in 'front.'
would cause us much embarra ssment,
and place his corps at great disadvan-
tage, Notwithstanding he had held sue
cess within easy grasp. 1t had rested in
his power to rout McPherson's army by
simply moving q little farther to the
right and attacking in rear and flank
instead of asSaulting an intrenched
flank. ! hoped, nevertheless, this blum
der would be remedied, at least in part,
by the extreme right of his line tapping
round. during the attack, to the rear
of Mcpherson.
Hood Anxiousiy Watching.
anxiously awaited tidings from the
scene of action while listening atten-
lively to what seemed a spirited en-
gagement upon that part of the field.
The following extract testifies to the
uneasiness which Sherman experienced
at the possibility of an attack upon his
rear and flank:
although the sound OF musketry
grew IN volume, was not so much dis
turbed by it as by the sound of artillery
back toward Decatur"
This alarming sound proceeded from
the guns of the gallant Wheeler, in the
direction of Decatur, whence / hoped
momentarily to hear continuous roar
of musketry, accompanied by the gen.
uine Confederate shout from Hardee's
entire corps as it advanced and drove
the enemy down Peach Tree Creek be-
The National tribune., 1906-05-17
Cleburne's Attitude.

Cleburne seemed surprised. and
thereupon informed me that as his di-
vision was about 10 move forward to
the attack, on the Goth, Gen. Hardee
rode along the linc, and, in the presence
of those around him, cautioned him to
be on the lookoU, for breaStworks.
1 can recall no reply on my part at
the time, save, perhaps, some express
sion of astonishment. 1 could say iuth-
ing, even to SO worthy subordinate.
He left me to infer, however from sub
sequent remarks, that his division
would have taken quite a different ac-
ton on the Goth haC il not been for the
forewarning of his corps commander.
] give the above narrative of facts
with a full knowledge Of my account
a.bleness to the same Ruler before whom
those two gallant soldiers have been
summoned, and, as l avowed at the
beginning of my task, would not have
undertaken to write of these unpleasant
subjects were 1t not for the seeming
perpetuation of injustice and misrepre-
sentation in the guise of truth and his
tory.
1t is but reasonable to deduce from
this unfortunate observation to Gle
burne that Gen. Hardee gave a similar
warning to other officers. At all events,
those who are able to realize the bane-
ful effect of such a remark from the
commander of a corps d'armee. upon
the eve of conflict, know that his words
were almost equivalent 10 an order to
take no active part in the battle.
From the hour one of the main
sources of our trouble was thus acci-
dentally made known to me, I recog-
The Montgomery advertiser., 1906-02-02
cANpLFMAs AND GRouNpHOGs.

Those who keep themselves properly posted on signs and omens will doubt less bear in mind that this is Candlemas Day--a day which comes down to us hoary with the passage of centuries. It is not, as some think, and as its name might indicate, a strictly Christian rule that causes the day to be kept by the Roman Catholics. The Romans were in the habit of burning candles on this day in honor ar worship of the Goddess Februa, who was claimed to be the mother of Mars. One of the earlier Popes, finding that the observ- ance was so general among the people, and that it would not be easy to abol- ] ish it. changed it into a church .cere- monial to be observed by an offering of candles to the Virgin. There is an old record of the time of Henry VIII which thus speaks of the custom changing the old to modern English: ~on Candlemas Day it shall be declared ! that the bearing of candles is done in | the memory of Christ, the spiritual light whom Simeon did prophecy, as 1t Is read in the church that day" l Thus we see that the orders of The l civil powers as well as the canons of the church marked the day as one to be duly observed. The traditions and fables attached to the day are also cid, Long ago there was a tradition prevail ing In many parts. of Europe to the ef- feet that a fine CAndlemas Day was a sign of a hard winter for the remainder of the cold seasons hence We find an old Scottish couplet saying:
 1 .If Candlemas is fair and clear. ! There'Il be two winters in the year
 It is probable that this old tradition has something to do with the ground hogs reputation as a weather prophet This animal--more properly woodchuck ---is a hIbernating animal, who spends most of his winter in his hole in the ground. The tradition in connection with him Is that he comes out of his hurrow on the second day of February and takes a look about him. If the weather is cold and cloudy he remains out because he knows that the winter is about over, but If the day is bright and sunny, so that he can see hi' shadow, he goes back into his hole tt
 remain six weeks longer, knowing thai
 much cold is yet to come.
 This is in accordance with the old be
 lief that bright, pleasant weather abou
 the first of February Is untimely, anf that 1t means that the backbone o
 winter is not yet broken. The grount
 hog only follows and carries out the olC belief. so. if the day is bright and fail
 we may conclude that the coal man wil
 continue to do business with us fol
 some weeks yet.
 So much for Candlemas and ground
 hog day.
The Montgomery advertiser., 1906-02-02

gerous coast, has been atoned for by his death in the wreck. so far as one life can atone for the sacrifice of many others. The passengers on the valen- cia trusted to the knowledge and skill of the captain and were deceived. Prob ably no one may ever know how or why he missed his reckoning. SO far and thus brought death to himself and others.
 We have mentioned these two in- stances because both were evidently . result of human carelessness or want of precaution. but as all know who keep up with current events. shipwrecks are continually occurring where no human skill. foresight or precaution could avail anything. The winds are uncer- tain. and the waves treacherous, and they that go down to the sea in ships" are always in more or less danger, whether they are in the uncouth wooden tubs of the old days. or in the latest triumphs of the ship-builder's art.
The Montgomery advertiser., 1906-02-02
Eetters tc tDs Gait,r
Wheeler'. Aaviee.

34OutHNNtSh$s T SS' A1 A0VN'
 While we are all mourning the death of General Wheeler. 1t is a good time to. call attention to one of the best I have made 1t one of the standard tracts issued by the Baptist Mission Board I thought may be 1t would be
 "Fighting Joe Wheeler" a veteran of both the Civil and Spanish American war, recently delivered an address in New York before the Church Temper ance Society in the course of which the following striking paragraphs occur:
 During all my life l have had re- quests from young men for letters which would help them to get situa- tions. always say to them; Go to the place of business where you want to get work, and tell the proprietor that you, have come to make your fortune, and that if he will give you trial you will come without pay for month, After you have got lace be always ready to work. To do that you must not go to the theatre; you must go to bed early and get up early. so as to be at your place of business five minutes oe-
 fore you have to. Then when you arc told to do something, do 1t and come
 back so quickly that they don't know
 you've been gone. In year. you, not they, will be dictating salaries. In the
 last few years business conditions have undergone a great change. These big
 
 while some people believe they have done great deal of harm. my advice to young men is to ada t themselves to conditions as they find them, and not try to change them, because they can't do It. I meet every night a man who nineteen years ago had no better place than uany man in this hall He had a place at six 6oliars a week in the Honnesteads Iron Works. There he did his duty to the best Of his power and every time a man was wanted for a place a little better than the one he
 held, he seemed to be the man selected.
 Tn that nineteen years he has climbed up. until now he controls corporation with capital of eleven hundred mil- l ion dollars. sum as great as our | country spent in the first forty years | of its existence. I learned from this
 man. Mir Schwab, that he has never
 used any tobacco or liquor in his life.
 The other night I said to him: I've been | told that In these big corporations, all other things being equal. a man is pre- l ferred for promotion who neither ! drinks nor smokesJ That is my invar- | fable rule with the two or three thous- and men I~employ,' he said I find that when two men are equal otherwise the one who doesn't drink or smoke is an instance on earth or a man workin 2 1 himself to death, It Is the most harm- 1 less dissipation a man can go into" | General Wheeler went on to say that | many a man killed himself by wniskey and tobacco whose death vas assigned l bV the doctors to overwork. No man can sncceed," he earnestly declared, '1n | following frivolity instead of ,duty."--
 The Classmate.
The Montgomery advertiser., 1906-02-02
FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 2. loOe.

Mayor Weaver of Philadelphia has sent out an imperative order which reaches to every department of the sity government and affects all who are in any way connected with city affairs. Among other things. he says: Let it be known that no employe of the city shall be coerced to either work or vote for any political candidate" and goes, on to direct and require the immedi- ate dismissal of any employer or em- ploye who attempts such coercion. either upon a fellow empIoye or upon private citizen.
 This is both timely and proper. Un- der the practices and domination If the Republican machine which ruled in and over the city before the reform wave put the gang out of business, politics absolutely controlled the affairs of the government. No employees position was safe if he refused to vote as the machine directed, and any symptom of rebellion was promptly crushed or the rebel put out of business. It was cer- tainly time for change and the Mayor seems determined to make a respect ably governed city of what was lately one of the most thoroughly boss-ridder Municipalities In the Union. He i' having a hard time of it but he ha. the decent element of the people behint him. and if he fails 1t will not be fol lack of honest effort