The Manitowoc pilot. [volume] (Manitowoc, Wis.) 1859-1932, 1906-12-06
sure to tuberculous material that enters
the body with the food.

ont at the Pathologic Anatomical Insti.
tute of Vienna by DR.. Bartel upon d
large number of Guinea pigs and rabbits,
over period Of two years, consisting OF
feeding pure culture Tubercle Bacilli to
these animals from time to time in diff
fereut ways. To some the germs were
given with pure distilled water; to
others, with milk, solid food and final
ly in gelatin capsules to make sure that
the germs must first pass through the
stomach before they could reach their
favorite place for further development.
1t was thought that the germs given
with food could possibly make their way
from the mouth to The air passages. 1t
was to disprove this point that the
gelatin capsules were used.
The results of these experiments were
fairly uniform throughout: tuber-
culosis of lungs and glands (Anterior and
Posterior Mediastinal and BronchiaD,
while in nearly all cases the intestinal
glands (mesenteric) showed no LESSONS
visible to the naked eye; but MICROSCOPE.
cal examination and incubation test
showed the presence of the bacilli in
these structures. An exception to this
was in cases where large doses were fed
the intestinal glands invariably showed
marked LESSONS
.,oaac,or,1xr atonI tn choxvy
that Pulmonary tuberculosis in Tex
detrimental animals" is due to a primi-
tive intestinal infection. Professors
Calmette and Gaurin, acting on Be-
hring's hypothesis that Pulmonary Tu-
berculosis of adults is almost always the
result of intestinal infection which &C.
Cured in youth and has developed later
on, have contributed much TO the world
information along the lines here under
consideration. Their experiments con
sisted of feeding Tubercle Bacilli from
bovine, human, and avian origin to a
large number of healthy young and
adult goats. Their results did not differ
essentially from those of Bartel on
guinea pigs and rabbits; Viz, tuber'
culosis of the lung, and, where they had
used large doses, especially in young
subjects, the intestinal glands were also
affected
They conclude that it is Indispensable
to teach the tuberculous individual to
expectorate and not swallow his sputa
from the moment that these contain
bacilli, and add that, under ordinary
dusts are injecting, not be-
cause they are inhaled, but because they
are swallowed.
The most conclusive work done by
Prof. Vallee of France shows both the
virulence of infected cows milk and the
intestinal origin of Pulmonary Tuber-
culosis He took eleven healthy calves
from eight to twenty. five days old and
fed them on raw milk from three cows
that had been previously proven to be
by reacting to the Tuberculin
test Enough milk from healthy cows
was added to make up their diet. These
calves were thus fed for three months.
The cows that furnished the virulent
milk were slaughtered, and post mortem
showed we'll marked LESSONS but only
one had small lesion of the udder. The
eleven calves were tested with Tuber
culin, and every one reacted. They
were kept for four weeks more and were
then slaughtered. Every one showed
LESSONS of either the Bronchial or Medi-
astinal glands. Two showed small
LESSONS in the lung tissue. The intestinal
glands showed no LESSONS visible to the
naked eye, but, as in the preceding ex
periments the presence of bacilli could
be demonstrated by microscopical ex-
and incubation.
His conclusions are, That, in the young
as in adults, pure Pulmonary Tuber-
cuoss can result from intestinal infec-
tion and that it can no longer be consid
cred as primitively due to the inhalation
of virulent dust. No one can effectively |
contend that these conditions can be
different in young cattle from what they
are in the young child.
Experimentally in animals and clinic
ally in children it is shown that, when
ever the tuberculous infection is mani
tested by pulmonary LESSONS, there are
bacilli in the intestinal glands even
when these seem to be healthy.
The object of this article has been to
make clear the following points;
q That tuberculosis of cattle is trans
missible to man.
GU That the infection takes place
the intestinal canal.
(3) That milk from tuberculous cows
is very dangerous and should under no
conditions be used as food in the raw
state.
How shall we exclude dangerous
animals? No city should allow, to be
sold within its limits, milk that has been
from cows not tested with |
Tuberculin, at least once and better
twice year, by Veterinarian author
lied by the state or city to carry on this
work. 1t is absolutely essential that
this Veterinarian should have all the