The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1906-05-25
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would he a s~cond and much etestef JOHNS
,own nord or should m lfonclad, by sorns
misrhanre. s,rihc and break = lock eats, or
be IN tho lock vhsn \ aatg vac broken ~
Tanned. she. too. would plunge 20 destric-
ton, II tho dam Itself should give fwsy
from underfnlnina nv leakage, or. worse. by a
moderate earthquake not unknown a. the
isthmns sufs disaster would enaue, for tho
dam viii rest not on rock, hut on earth strata.
whore Tho earthquake makes deadli"a, havoc
while structures built on rock sscapa Witt
ness Lisbon, IschiA and San Francisco
A. tho southern end the case Ia even worse.
From Oblspo the lake will contract 20 q mar
row channel through tho hills. but the eighty
i've foot high level CONTINUES 20 San Miguel.
seven miles from tho south coast nj Panama.
IN will be another dam. with two locks
Of thirty-one feet lift and eight gates. four OF
them scventy-hve feet high. communicating
with a smaller lake hfty-hve feet above mean
tide This lake will he formed by three more
dams. one Of which-the terminal-at Sosa.
on the shore Of Panama Bay. will have four
locks. with two lifts Of thirty-one feet. and
twelve gates, eight Of them seventy. We feet
high. or more. In oil there are five dams.
twelve immense locks, each ninety-hve feet
wide md ono feet long, and thirty elk enormous
aates-excludlng safety and intermediate
gates. The lock gates OF the Manchester
Canal, which are pyRmies TO these, weigh 700
tons each: what these will weigh no man yet
knows.
The locks AT sosa being on the very shore
Of O the bay; this so sSqt sIGs end Is exposed i evfn
hostile shot or ,treacherops bomb or an acct
dent 70 the lock gates might bring down, the
cn9tba AK o RRonld dne week TsS G IN r Ave minutes ali ali
these grand structures.
When one remembers that Gen; Henry /.
Abbot. al. page ??7 Of his excellent book on the
canal, refers to IAN enemy lying In wait be-
hind, the Gamboa dam for the sea Lowell
canal. It is snrpriftins to = fnd ME name aRTS .
recommends these much greater enemies of
Colon and Panama and OF our navy, Even
in Panama Bay or at Colon. or both, would
have at its mercy. our, warships coming through
I LAX, s s9slr% Sna I,F }Ssks: or and fG strnseIlSs the ln
single Ole; undo, raking fire. ont at the en-
To avoid this danger eXpsns,vs i9rtiIic "a
maintained at both ends OF the canal and
NstTpns guards a, I'll al th.s.r Locke g. rS Or: e n
and one for the Pacific, which is exactly what
the canal Is meant tS avoid and this i9SR
S Ssnan doc eSea npn SOY Of the Tool" canal i we
must either fortify and arm the ,lsthmps
Fl The ms 40" level eye canal nSl''S need hot Be o ortiitead..
but made neutral and policed. The navy
would on bi take sdS care b 2s t. Ia,,sr to the War Depar,.
meHt. Hdm}Iral ,Endlcott has pointed 9ut clearly
and foroibly the reasons why. for al the pur-
p pos n OF a ' sa4H io amelia a ssa f IeTsI Is fsr s mI,tsiiGy
%tratlon in the transit Of a fleet Of naval
convoy Of a heetI,belhe able 70 PIE through
In rapid, succession, without locking. A
transit which IN the lock canal would take
s q ma9te aa " m hoars y. the see In 'G military Gns a 3e
ia irs tremendous conseQuenoes often hang
t sqsu The sNs sa N%STs'i S4e q 3he s't only oa N satss 1 au-
thority. and what Is true Of q fleet OF, trans
ports 4 true, also Of, the commercial fleets
to the trade Of the Pacific.
For the aalubrity of the lsthmus the sea
i Is too 9l macS * f fmaRsa Satsr sh s@eeT nSw. 1Ssas
and thus reduce the rainfall The look canal
water and increase the evaporation. the rain
fs1' m ral dsn ana w the dnS SiI9ow 3h pla oossn s saIe
through the ist6mus. The lakes would cover
up a hundred square miles OF arabic land
io%rS tssfuif occupations. and ,ths, material
from the canal excavations, would ~ N some
of the syamps and make them ha6itable' 49,
minority report. that a good sea level ,oanaii
would be the best, why build this complicated
the Bill and, as is dominated in the bondC
is to be transformed later into a sea Level
canal? Why later? Why not transform IL
now2 It Ia much the cheaper way. The estl-
mated cost for the sea level canal ls s?47, o00, 900.
The lock canal Ia estimated at slt0. 600. 900
that il, $iO7, 900, 900 less-but this appare mt
saving, even II realized. which ia very doubt
full, might be wiped out In five minutes or
less by an accident. an earthquake or a
single hostile shot; and II the lock canal be
transformed to sea level at the estimated
price of s2os, 900, oOO, then the cost OF the, sea
fcvel, canal made BY transforming the lock
more than the sea level canal, and, as stated
In the report. with no allowance FOR con-
tingenoies."
Therefore the Government can make no
mistake In building the sea level canal now, by
millions and avoiding the long agony Of the
Transformation" The President. the Gov
eminent and the nation want the best canal,
and want IL first; not a cheap one to alter
later. The boards sea level canal scheme
has been recommended by some Of the very
best engineers In the whole world. and OF
different nations Of the world. The judg- ,
ment OF these men can surely be trusted.
The work Of the sea level canal will have the
inestimable advantage Of simplicity. II 10 a
case OF plain. straightforward excavation,
blasting, and dredging. which can go for
ward without interruption or lntermission.
The men can work in three shifts OF eight
hours each, as Ia frequently done in iron and
steel works, using electric light at night.
In this way all the operations can go on
together continuously twenty-four hours per
day, except Sundays and holidays, and
without interferences or delays from having
TO walt on other classes Of const ructlo Every