Los Angeles herald., 1906-12-25

deep approaches at it's two ends, and
which must be driven from only four
headings, two of which will start from
a shaft about $50 feet in depth located
in the valley. 1t will take the larger
part of a year before work can be act
lively begun on the tunnel proper. and
14,600 about four years more for the excava-
tion of the tunnel and lining it through
out with concrete masonry.
Five years also appears as little time
as may be prudently reckoned for the
completion of the long series of shorter
tunnels in the rugged country between
Little lake and the north end of the An
telope valley section of the conduit
Due consideration of economy die
tates that work should not be begun on
these northerly tunnels until the rail-
road pertaining to the aqueduct has
$4,000 oeen extendea dar enough & norm d 10 t gyH
suitable power plants have been pro-
vded, operated either by steam power
or by water power from Cottonwood
creek transmitted electrically, as may
be found most convenient and econom-
cal.
"While these northerly tunnels are all
of them short in comparison with the
long tunnel, and any one could be con-
structed much more quickly, there will
be economy in avoiding unnecessary
76, 900 duplication of plant for carrying them
all simultaneously, and five years
! from the present time appears little
enough to allow for completing them
ALL
1s2OO pre- t con tet less Work ca
be accomplished in an eight-hour day
than on a ten-hour day must also be
taken into consideration in consider
ing these portions of the work outside
of the tunneling.
"On certain of the transcontinenral
railroad extensions now being made TO
the Pacific coast it is reported that
much less rapid progress than desired
is being accomplished because of the
,57 500 scarcity of labor.
Water Power
There are three localities along the
line of the aqueduct where surplus
fall exists that will permit the devel-
opment of power from water flowing on
its course from owens valley to the
,21 800 San Fernando valley. The most impor-
tant of these localities is about forty
five miles from the city of Los Angeles
and a short distance down stream from
the outlet of the Elizabeth lake tunnel.
A total drop of nearly 1900 feet is avail
able, and from present indications 1t
appears most advantageous to divide
90, 900 this fall between two power drops, of
100 900 a daaIoed would have about 1oS0
feet and the lower about 425 feet of net
available fall on the water wheels.
"A third site for power development
100, 900 is found a short distance below the end
of the aqueduct in the San Fernando
valley. The net fall available at this
o. nm point would be about 215 feet.
14,4OO Little lake. distance of nearly $50
miles northerly from Los Angeles and
1O,7OO about fifteen miles down stream from
the proposed Haiwee reservoir. The
net fall available at this point, after
relocating the line of the aqueduct be-
tween Little lake and Haiwee, would
be about 270 feet.
with an average delivery of 400 Gu
$4,000 bic feet of water per second. there
o- e0o could be developed at these several
oo'oOV points, and transmitted to the city of
,bable Los Angeles. after making due allow
judg- ance for the losses in generation and
rsonal transmission of electrical power, the
have following amounts, measured in 24-hour
large electrical horsepower at the point of
mould delivery:
# the From upper canyon site...... 25,0oO H; P.
- ~ ~ From lower canyon site........ II, 900 ''
nave From Fernando site............. 5000 90
atoms From Little lake site.......... 1000 -
nitey
de of Total Observation-Disclosures. $4,000 H +.
1.-THE above would Re available twen-
how ty-four hours per day and seven days
en in in the week.
IL and 'It is also possible, by means of small
and inexpensive DAMS to rodice small
ere 1t equalizing reservoirs Immediately down
mate stream from each of these two power
short houses in the canyon, such that the
he es- water for power can be drawn at a rate
ignal of flow varying throughout the twenty
d not four hours, and that storage can be
e cost aqueduct delivers continually at the
led in normal rate of 400 cubic feet per Sec
nd in ond.
cation Considering that an ordinary factory
0y the working nine hours per day or fifty
four hours per week out of the 1853
ement hours, and thus having a load factor
MILL of 80 per cent could be supplied with
'perty 300 H. p during working hours from
ost of the same volume of water that is re-
Il per quired for developing 100 H. p. continu-
. cost ally twenty-four hours per day. and
e, the seven days per week, the great value
f the of equalizing reservoirs and conduits
suitable for higher rate of delivery
lie as during the hours of greatest demand
done becomes apparent. The load factor for
poll future conditions and after the building
len in of more factories may be different from
work that for present conditions of railway
money and lighting use.
,r the The board has for this reason
y met planned the long tunnel and estimated
lclude its cost with diameter and gradient
of the such as to permit drawing the water
com from the reservoir at two and a half
which times the average rate, or at a rate of
works 1000 cubic feet per second during those
/ data hours on which the demand for power
is greatest
rOect 70 'GIs srraen esctrIca %i e DC
and supply power during the hours OF
min maximum use up to the amount of
work about 900 horse- power at the upper
from power house and about 10000 horse
I into power at the lower power house.
80 far as Is shown by the surveys
rmin- thus far made II will not be expedient
!, the to provide for a large peak load in
about crease at the Fernando power house, or