New-York tribune., 1906-10-31
Literary .NetQ,S and Criticism.

zenship OF her husband by the act of marriage
lllegitimate children are invested with the citi-
Eehship or the mother, but, II egitinized by mar
riage or by declaration" are invested with the
citizenship OF the father from the day Of legiti-
nation A German who loses his citizenship in
one state without acquiring citizenship in
other or In foreign state is "staatlos" He is
citizen nowhere. If he marries his wife and
chiloren acquire the same status or lack of It. A
woman whose marriage has been declared in
valid reverts to her original citizenship, but d-
Norce has no effect citizenship acquired
through marriage. The constitution provides.
however, that the citizens of each federated
state shall be treated as natives n every other
federated state and. accordingly, are TO be ad
mitted to q fixed residence, to the pursuit Of
business to public office TO the acquiring Of real
estate and to the enjoyment of all other civil
rights. under the same conditions as the native
born" A German may vote for members of the
Reichstag IN whatever state he is resident, but
IN state and communal elections he may vote
only in the state of which he is nominally
citizen.
The Kaiser occupies a unique position IN the
world of political institutions He refuses to
be classified with other rulers of constitutional
states" Although the German Empire is a true
state, It is not a monarchy and the Kaiser, ac
cordingly. is not the monarch of the empire
although he is vested with powers usually found
possessed only by monarchical rulers. His
powers are all derivative not original. In case
OF doubt the presumption Is against him. The
reverse is true IN a monarchy" He is a mon
arch only in his own state-as King OF Prus-
sia. In the organization of the North German
Bund the King of Prussia was recognized as
the chief magistrate OF the federation and as
revised constitution of 1871 recognizes no change
in these triple functions of the King of Prus-
STA, save in the substitution of the word "Kai-
ser" for Bundespraesidiurn. Bundesfeldherr and
King OF Prussia, wherever they appeared in the
constitution Of 1870 AS DR. Howard states:
The substitution Of the title Kaiser and the
revival Of the imperial dignity effected no constt-
KING az PnSnge whatever In the relation OF the
OF the ound 1t invested him with powers
personal right to the speco title and to @ the 1 m
peTia! arms and standard The adoption of the
political institution.
The restoration Of the Kaiser title was po-
ltical stroke of Bismarck's. who sought thereby
to emphasize the sovereignty and authority OF
United Germany rather than to enhance the dig
nifty OF the Prussian monarch. The assump-
ton Of the Kaiser title made It impossible
henceforth to think of the empire as nothing
but an expanded Prussia" 1t is to be noted
that the Kaiser is not the Emperor of Ger
many" but the German Emperor"
In such manner the author analyses the Ger
man constitution in all its multifarious applica-
dons. as indicated in the previous enumeration
Of chapter headings. In view of the increasing
influence Of Germany IN commerce and in world
politics. the volume may be regarded as pos
sessing timely interest quite apart from its
permanent value as exposition of German in
sIitutions.