The commercial. (Union City, Tenn.) 190?-193?, 1906-02-02

in the House, which after. some discus
sion was passed by that body. No &C
ton was taken, however, by the Sen
ate, but after adjournment the Senate
Committee on Interstate Commerct
held extended hearings, and during the
present Congress there has been 6
flood of railroad rates bills in boil
houses, ranging all the way from the
Interstate Commerce Commission bill
which is generally considered as the
administration measure, to bills widely
and radically different in their pro.
visions. Bills have been introduced by
Senator Dolliver of Iowa, by Senator
Foraker of Ohio, by Senator Elkins of
Virginia, the Chairman of the Senate
Interstate Commerce Committee, by
Senator Morsan of Alabama, by Sena-
tor Culberson of Texas, by Representa-:
tive Hepburn of Iowa, the chairman of
the railroad rate committee" of the
House, by Representative Hogg Of
Colorado; also the Interstate Com
merce Commission bill and various
others.
Senator Morgan recently. made the
/ first argument in the Senate on the
rate question, in support Of his bill,
which provides for the regulation of
railroad rates through the regular
courts Of the country. Senator Elkins'
bill also proposes that the Federal
courts shall determine whether rates
are excessive, and provides for an in
junction against any road which is
found to be charging an excessive rate.
III !, I'D, hxk
Representative Hogg, formulated by
Judge Peter Grosscup of the United
States District Court of Chicago who
rendered the decision against the Beef
Trust, provides for a special railroad
court to decide all such matters
Judge Grosscup's bill establishes seven
Courts of Transportation, situated in
different sections of the country, to
try the particular cases arising within
their territory. During stated period
of each year the judges of the seven
courts are to meet together and hold
court en- banc in Washington or else.
where, just as the Supreme Court OF
the United States sits together for a |
stated term, after having held individ |
ual court in the different Federal dis |
tricts of the United States. There is
right of appeal from this Court OF
Transportation to the Supreme Court |
of the United States. 1t Is argued In
favor of this bill that inasmuch as
railroad rate matters, even where
they are decided upon by the Inter.
state Commerce Commission, must fl.
nally go to court, the matter can be
by having them considered
in the beginning by this Court of
Also that this Court
Of Transportation having no other
business to attend to, can try the rail-
road cases much more quickly than
the regular courts, while the members
will be experts ON the subject, making
the subject the study of their lives
The Grosscup bill also continues the
work of the Interstate Commerce
Commission with some modification in
authorizing that body to
aFbitrate railroad matters wherever ,
possible and to act as counse@ Or at.
.orney for the shipper or complainant,
ut the Governments expense, wherever
any case of controversy arises between
he shipper and the railroads.
This bill is favored as a measure
whose provisions overcome the danger
which it is stated would arise from
he creation of Commission at Wash.
ngton which would hold the vast rail-
Dad interests of the United States in
he hollow of its hand. There is an
apparently growing sentiment among
many people that to constitute any
,ody of men a political commission
With such vast power as the ability to
make or unmake any railroad rate on
he 10000 miles of railroad in the
ountry, would afford such an enor
nous centralized power as has never
heretofore been dreamed of by the
most radical advocates of the central
'overnment idea as against the diffu
ion of power among the people and
he several States. 1t is realized that
uch power in the hands of any ad-
ninistration would, il misuSed in any
egree, make possible the indefinite
ontinuance in power of that political
arty and require an absolute uprising
f the entire nation, en- masse, to bring
bout political changes.
The great number of railroad bills
hus far introduced and which are be-
ng widely discussed, show that there
S as yet no general capitalization Of
ointment on the subject and that
tatesmen and supposed specialists. to
ay nothing of the average individual
the country, are in a recep-
I've mood and seeking for information
nd education On fha nuAgtfou.