Windham County reformer. (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1901-1906, 1906-07-27
THE WEEK IN THE WORLD.
Great Events and Movements which Are
Making History.

peace pact on board the United states
cruiser Marblehead on the high seas on the
Guaiemalan coast Saturday, with the neigh
boring states Of Costa Riea and Nicaragua
assisting at the conference, The arheles OF
peace provide, Peace established, with
drswal Of armies within three days dis
armament In eight days; exchange OF pris'
onersi release Of political prisoners gen
eral amnesty recommended vigilance re-
garding emigrants in order TO prevent abuse
Of asylum; 10 negotiate treaty Of friend
ship commerce and navigation within two
months. Any Difficulties over the treaty and
all future concrete complaints between the
three countries shall be submitted to arbi'
tration with the president Of the United
States and the president Of Mexico. This
treaty Is made with the moral sanction OF
the mcdiating nations and others assisting
at the conference, namely Costa Riea and
Nicaragua. The Central American war,
which babe fair TO involve four or more re-
publics In addition 10 the two originally
concerned, Salvador aud Guatemala, began
in May with the departure Of expeditions
from Salvador TO assist u Guatemalan reyo'
luton under the leadership Of General To-
ledo. engagements with varying results
were fought between the rebel forces and
those Of the government Of Guatemala, un'
I'll Salvador formally entered the conhict.
little later Guatemalan force entered
Honduras, the result being TO array that re-
public on the side Of Salvador. From the
moment the trouble passed beyond the phase
Of an internal disturbance the government
at Washington set about insiituting measures
10 re.establsh peace. The cruiser Marble
head was ordered from Panama to La Liber'
tad. with directions TO report TO Leslie
Combs. American minister TO Guatemala and
Honduras. and Mr.. Combs and William l..
Merry, minister to Costa Rica, Nicaragua
and Salvador, were instructed TO use their
best endeavors with the belligerents TO bring
the war 10 an end. At the same time David
f. Thompson, American ambassador TO Mex
leo, was instructed TO make such repre-
sensations TO the Mexican government as
might enlist its efforts for the same end,
Mexieo's desire for peace among her neigh
bors being well known. Mexico entered
heartily into the project, and her diplomatic
representatives in Guatemala and Salvador
were instructed 10 cooperate with Minis
tiers Merry and Combs, The recognition IN
the articles Of Costa Rica and Nicaragua as
constructive parties to the peace conference
is regarded by state department officials as
being very significant In that II really makes
all Ave Central American governments
parties to the peace negotiations aud VIII
prevent any complaints which these govern.
ments might offer as TO the terms had they
not been recognized in the conference.
What may prove 10 be a great advance is
recorded in the worldwide warfare against
the dreaded white plague. Pupils Of Pas.
teur in France, including Dr. Roux, are sure
that Drs. Calmette and Guerin OF the Pas,
teur Institute OF Lille, have finally discov.
cred a vaccine which will render humanity
immune from the scourge OF tuberculosis. As
a result Of experiments on young animals,
these physicians are convinced that bovine
bacilli destroyed by boiling for five minutes,
or simply heated during the same period,
will, for FIVE months and even for a longer
time, vaccina,e perfectly against yirulent in
lection through the digestive organs. They
also believe that young calves may be vac.
cinated by simple intestinal absorption OF
bacilli subjected to heat, and that this meth
cd Of vaccination is not dangerous. They
add that ''if further experiments Justify the
application Of this method as preventive
against bovine tuberculosis, nothing can be
urged against its application in the case OF
human beings. We think ii win be possible
to guard children against natural infection
by giving to them a few days after birth
"a
quantity Of tuberculous bacilli OF human and
bovine origin subjected to heat and mixed
with little milk The only precaution alb
solutely necessary and one not always easy
to apply would be to guard children thus
vaccinated against all tuberculous contami.
nation for a period OF at least four months
juneau is now the capital OF Alaska BY
decision OF Acting Attorney General
Charles W. Russell submitted 10 the de-
partment Of the interior at Washington, the
capital Of Alaska has been changed from
Sitka to juneau. The change came about
as the result Of the action Of Governor Hog
gait in renting two rooms in The court
building at juneau for an Office for himself
and his secretary, who is the attorney gen
eral of the territory. In a bill affecting the
territory OF Alaska, passed several years
ago, it was provided that the capital should
remain at Sitka until suitable ground and
buildings were obtained at Juneau In the
legislative bill which passed at the last SEES
sion a clause was inserted providing for an
appropriation OF $4,000 for contingent and
incidental expenses, to be expended under
the direction of the governor Of Alaska and
for trent of Office and quarters in Juneau,
Governor Hoggatt at once construed this as
which he promptly proceeded to do.
DR.. Daniel Trembly MacDougal, director
OF the department of botanical research Of
the Carnegie institution, Washington, an
nounees great discovery by means of
which new plant species may be created |
He declares that by injecting into the ovary |
osmotc reagents and solutions of stimulat
ing mineral salts he can cause changes in |
the egg cells of plant before fertilization
so that the altered eggs would give rise to
new form or species. His discovery is be-
lieved to be of great value. DR.. MacDougal
has disposed of any possible doubt as to the
decisive value OF the discovery by repro
ducing the new species through two genera
lions by seed starting with the seed yield
ed by the offspring of the plants that were
subjected to chemical treatment.
Preparations for enforcing the free de-
naturized alcohol law are well under way.
d. A. Gates, chief revenue agent at Atlanta,
Ca, has been ordered to Washington to
prepare regulations for operating under the
law He will do this while Internal Reeve
nue. Commissioner Yerkes is abroad study
ing the operations of free alcohol laws in
England, France, Germany and other coun-
tries. When the commissioner returns
Gates's work will be submitted to him. 1t
may be amended as result of the commits
sioners observations, but probably not great
H. because Mr.. Yerkes will send data gath
cred by him abroad to the treasury depart
ment from time to time, so that when he re-
turns next fall the department will have the
matter well in hand.
The amir of Afghanistan has issued
notable pronouncement on the subject OF
education in his domains He says educa
lion is retrogressing, but the fault does not
rest with the teachers, but with the gov
arnment WIN discnurnge education. dread.