davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1906-03-23
WHY RUSSIA WAS DEFEATED.
kuropatkln BIames It to Bureaucratic
Rule In Cars Empire.


st. Petersburg. March 21.-General
Kuropatkins last extraordinarily to
the First Manchurian army, printed
Tuesday in the Invalid, the military
organ, is remarkable exposure of the
causes of the Russian difficulties,
showing that they were due to lack
of preparation and equipment, and to
the fact that there were no explosive
shells for the mountain artillery In
the early stages of the war.
He does not shirk his own RESPONSE
Dility as minister of war before the
war broke out, but points out that
the causes of the defeats were deeper,
namely, the morale Of the troops and
OF the officers, who did not display
initiative, independence or enthu.
siasm, in spite of the iron nerves and
heroic spirits Of the soldiers.
All this, the general boldly annaunc-
es, is attributable to the oppression of
bureaucratic rule during the last SO
years, which, in the case of the off,
GERS, drove men of independence from
the service, leaving only worthless
drones. He congratulates the troops
on the advent of liberty, and hopes for
the regeneration of the people.
General Kuropatkin gives the entire
Losses of the First Manchurion army,
which averaged a strength OF 100000
men and 1900 officers, as 395 officers
killed and 1888 wounded, and 10,495
men killed and $3.50 wounded.
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1906-03-23
Notice of Registration.

To the Electors Of the City OF Owosso:
Take notice, that the Board of Registration
will meet in the several wards of the City of
Owosso, on Saturday, March 81, A. ID. 1905, for
the purpose of registering the qualified voters
OF the CITY OF Owosso to vote at the regular and
special election to be held on Monday April 2,
1876 to elect u Mayor, City Clerk, City Treas
urer Alderman in each ward Supervisor in
each ward, Constable School Inspector and
upon the following proposition:
shall the City Of Owosso raise by bond the
sum OF Fifteen Thousand Dollars ,Sl5,000l the
said bonds TO be payable In three installments,
one May l. 1908, OF five thousand dollars, ose of
FIVE thousand dollars May |, 1911, and one on
Nay l. 1915. said bonds to draw interest not to
exceed four per cent per annum, payable semi
annually, the money received from the sale of
said bonds 10 be used for the purpose OF install
ling new 800 600 gallon pump aud two new
boilers at the pumping station OF the city water
works, and 81 Co TO be expended In each OF the
five wards OF said city for the extension OF water
mains.'
The several Boards OF Registration will meet
In the following named places:
First Ward-Colins' drug store
Second Ward-Curry's hardware store.
Third Werd-Ciy Hall.
Fourth Ward Fourth ward polling place.
Fifth Ward-Theo. Keblers restaurant
Said Boards will remain in session from 8
O'Clock o. m. until o'clock D.. m.
FRED EDWARDS CITY Clerk
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1906-03-23
GENERAL MARKETS.
Wednesday, March Fl, 1905.

"wednesday, March II, 1905.
DETROIT-Wheat: No. 1 white
S9%c; No. 2 red, S5Ac; May, S3%c;
July, sic. Corn: No. mixed, 461Sc;
No. yellow, 47hc. Oats: No. 3 whit,
331ac. Rye: No. 2, Csc. Beans: March
81 A; May, 81 As. Glover: Spot,
81 IS; April, 81 80.
CHICAGO-Wheat: May, 1880;
July, 775sc; Sept, 775sc. Corn: May.
44c; July, 44ssc; Sept, 447sc. Oats:
May, 309sc; July, 29Ac; Sept, 2S1Ac.
Pork May, SIG 81; July, SIG %. Lard:
May, So %; July, So 80. Ribs: May,
SO 81; July, So 62.
Live Stock Markets.
DETROIT-Cattle: Market Firm;
choice steers, 81 1905 rs; choice
handy killers, 81 1904 60; light to
good butchers steers and heifers,
1904; common killers and fat cows,
50 50@4; Gamers COWS, 81 50@2 %;
common to prime shipping bulls, 500
4; light butchers and heavy sausage
bulls, So 5O@3 %; stockers and feed
ers, So 50@4 rs. Mich cows: Active
at S25@50. Veal calves: Quiet, at s.
az so. Sheep and lambs: Active and
steady; choice lambs, Sc 1906 90;
light to fair, So 5000 so; common to
prime sheep, SO 50@5; mixed sheep
and lambs, 81 5O@5 so; common kill
ers, 1908 25;culls, SO 25@2 rs. Hogs:
Mediums and fat yorkers,S6 25@G 30;
light workers. and pigs, So 2O@6 rs;
roughs, 81 5O@5 so.
CHICAGO-Cattle: Market steady;
beeves, So 9O06 25; cows and hsif.
ers, 81 65@5; stockers and feeders,
50 1904 80. Hogs: Market higher;
mixed and butchers, So COOS "a: good
heavy, Sc S5@6 as; rough heavy, Sc Is
@6 %; light, So 1000 40; pigs, SO 90
@G %. Sheep: Market steady; sheep,
So 1906 10; lambs, 81 S0@6 So.
EAST BUFFALO-Cattle: Market
steady. Hogs: higher; all grades,
Sc 90O7. Sheep; Slow; native LAMBS
81 25@7 So; handy yearlings, So 20
@G 4o' heavy, Sc 15lb6 76; wethers,
Sc 1906 rs.
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1906-03-23
Order of Publication

STATE OF MICHIGAN, County OF Shiawas
see. IS.
AT a session o: the probate court for said
county held at the probate office, In the City of
Corunna, on Thursday the 18th day of March In
the year one thousand nine hundred and six.
Present, Matthew Bush Judge of Probate
In the matter Of the estate of Jane A. Lusk,
deceased
On reading and filling the petition of Flor
ence Mellin, praying that administration of
said estate may he granted to the petitioner or
so ne other suitable person.
II is ordered that the 9th day of April,
next, at ten o'clock the foreboon, ut said pro-
bate office, be assig ned for hearing said petition.
And II Is further ordered, that copy OF this
order be published three successive weeks pre-
vious to said day OF hearing, In the OwOssO
TIMES newspaper printed and circulating in
said County of Shiawassee.
MATTHEW BUSH,
Judge Of Probate
BY KATHERINE &c. KELSEY
u
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1906-03-23

State OF Michigan. County OF Shiawassee, S.
At q session of the Probate Court for said
County, held in the Probate ONCE in the
CIT, of Corunna, on the LIST day OF March,
A. D., 1906
Present Hon. Matthew Bush, Judge Of
Probate.
In the matter OF the estate OF Emily
e. Dodge, deceased
On filing the petition of Lucan w. Spayd
praying for the probate of the will of said de-
ceased now filed In this Court
1t is ordered that the Goth day OF March
next at ten O'Clock in the fore noon. at said Pro-
bate Office, be appointed for hearing said
petition.
And It is further ordered that copy of this
order be published three successive weeks pre-
vious to said day of hearing in THE OwOssO
TIMES u newspaper printed and circulating in
said County of Shiawassee.
MATTHEW BUSH,
"a true copy Judge OF Probate.
BY KATHERINE f. KELSEY
Register OF Probate,
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1906-03-23
An Artists Joke.

Holman Hunt, who began life as a
clerk to an auctioneer and estate agent,
was constantly drawing portraits when
he should have been drawing up leases,
and In his chosen profession he was
never slow to seize the flying moment.
Il won't buy your oranges" he said to
an old woman who had entered the Of
flee in search Of customer, "but I'll
paint your portrait" Old Hannah was
delighted, and thereupon she was put
on paper in her habit as she lived her
basket on her head and an orange in
her hand. But one incident of this te-
dious yet ambitious period of the art
lists life never ceased to afford him
amusement. The windows in his room
were made Of ground glass, and as he
had little to do he spent much of his
time in drawing flies upon its roughen-
ed surface. A blot of ink sufliced for the
body, and some delicate pencil strokes
for the wings, and at distance the de-
ception was perfect Day by day the
number increased, and one morning his
employer came in, stopped before the
window and exclaimed: IL can't make
out how it is. Every day that l come
into this room there seem to be more
and more flies" And, taking out his
handkerchief. he attempted to brush
them away.
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1906-03-23
DON'T EXPERIMENT.
You kvviII Make No Mistake II You
Follow This Owosso Citizens
Advice


Never neglect your kidneys.
4f you have pain in the back, urinary
disorders, dizziness and nervousness
Its time to act and not time to expert
lment. These are all symptoms of kid
ney trouble, and you should seek
remedy which is known to cure the kid
neys.
Doan's Kidney Pills is the remedy to
use. 1t has cured many stubborn case
in Owosso. No need to experiment.
Follow the advice of an Owosso citizen
and be cured yourself.
Mrs. A. r. Smith, of Rowley street,
says: ITO anyone suffering from slug
gish or deranged kidneys 1 have NO
hesitation in recommending Doan's
Kidney Pills. AS result of an injury
to my back when quite young have
been troubled more or less ever since
with pain through my loins and kid
neys. One day relative who had used
Doans Kidney Pills with good results
insisted that try them; so procured a
box from Johnson's drug store They
helped me from the very start and
finally thoroughly relieved me of all
trouble.
For sale by all dealers. Price Scots.
Foster Milburn Co., Buffalo, New York,
sole agents for the United States.
Remember the name-Doan's-and
take no other.
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1906-03-23

feminine voice at his elbow. "What
do you want with perambulator"
Bings' exasperated gaze encountered
that Of Mrs. Marston, merry faced
woman. BY her side stood the pretty
widow with the coveted cherub cling
Ing to her hand.
Bings turned fiery red and cauC.t
| wildly at his hat, or where he supposed
1t to be, only to find that he was fan
| ming himself with 1t. Making an en-
barrassed bow, he began to mop his
perspiring face violently.
"Here's yer pramb'lat'r," said Sam
laconically, pausing In front Of Bngs.
Bings turned fascinated eyes on the
thing, which seemed to him to have
greatly increased in size during it's
progress from the auctioneer's stand.
"And baby's high chair" announced
another laughing voice as the speaker
craned forward and inspected Bings'
barricade.
There was general craning Of necls.
"And little red rocker" exclaimed
another.
"A doll-and doll carriage"
"a child's cot.''
"Footstool, work basket, sewing chair
and sewing machine" enumerated
Whitlock, pushing nearer. "Great Jul
piter, Bings! What does this mean"
with mock severity.
Poor Bings thanked his stars that
none of them knew of that cradle in
the attic, the result of Il former aberra-
ton. He gazed helplessly around at
his tormentors, then at his barricade.
What on earth had induced him to bid
in all that stuff?
He had made himself so ridiculous in
her eyes he'd not stand a ghost of a
show now. The only thing left for him
to do was to make his escape as best
he could.
Bings glanced furtively around but
all avenues were closed by laughing
faces. He grew desperate. Just as he
was contemplating a dash for liberty
along the line of the least resistance
the miracle that he had been so skep-
teal about happened.
A fractions horse, woman's scream,
n scene of confusion, and when Bings
came to he found his arms around the
pretty widow. who was clasping the
pretty cherub to her breast and sob
bling Historically or his shoulder: ooh,
Billy-dear, dear Billy! Save me, save
metz
At these inspiring words Bings' cour-
age rose to the occasion, his bashful-
ness slipping from him like a cloak.
Before the astonished eyes of the whole
staring crowd he bent and kissed the
pretty widow and the dimpled cherub.
'There, there, sweetheart" he said
soothingly, "the danger is past" Then,
turning to the gaping crowd, Bings
lied magnifcently.
81 was just going to explain" said
he, "when that COMPOUNDED horse in
terfered, that bought these things for
my wife and child. The fact Isl
"Mr. Bingsw protested shocked but
smothered voice.
Mrs. Moffatt and I expect to be
married just week from today, and
1 take this occasion to invite
"Billy Bings! How dare your
1.-THE whole crowd to attend. The
fact is"-the sight of Whitlock's amaz-
ed and wholly skeptical countenance
stimulated Bings to greater invention
1--WE would have announced our en-
gagement sooner but for certain I'M
foreseen circumstances that-er-caus-
ed us to-er-await a more propitious
time. BUT
'Oh. Billy. hush!'
-'after next Thursday We'll be at
home to, our friends. You all know the
way to The Elms, where you'll always
ind'-
ooh Billy. dear
"a welcome"
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1906-03-23
Probate Order.

State OF Michigan, County of Shawassee, S.
AT session of the Probate Court for sale
County, held at the Probate ONCE, in the
City of Corunna, on Monday, the 18Th
day OF March, in the year one thousand
nine hundred and six.
Present. Matthew Bush Judge of Probate
In the matter of the estate of Sylvester L.
kellogg, deceased; on reading and filing the
petition Of Nancy j kellogg, praying that ad
ministration of said estate may be granted to
the petitioner or some other suitable person.
1t is ordered. that the 10th day OF April
next, at ten o'clock in the forenoon, at said
Probate office, be assigned for hearing said
petition.
1t Is further ordered, that copy OF this
order be published three successive weeks
previous to said day of hearing in THE OwOssO
TIMES, a newspaper printed and circulating IN
said county of Shiawassee.
MATTHEW BUSH, Judge Of Probate.
BY KATHERINE e. KELSEY.
Probate Register.
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1906-03-23
Probate Order.
State of Michigan. County of shi;

State of Michigan, County OF Shiawassee. ss.-
At q session of the Probate Court for Said
County, held at the Probate ONCE, in the City
of Corunna, on Thursday, the 9th day of March,
in the year one thousand nine hundred and
six.
Present, Matthew Bush, Judge of Probate.
In the matter OF the estate OF James
Lawler, deceased.
On reading and filing the petition OF Sarah A.
Lawler, praying that administration of said
estate may be granted to the petitioner or some
other suitable person.
1t is ordered that the 10th day OF April
next, at ten o'clock in the forenoon, at said Pro-
bate ONCE be assigned for hearing said petition.
And II is further ordered that copy OF this
order be published three successive weeks pre-.
vious to said day of hearing In TIE Owosso
TIMES a newspaper printed and circulating in
said County of Shiawassee.
MATTHEW BUSH,
Judge of Probate.
BY KATHERINE T.. KELSEY.
PrOhate Register.
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1906-03-23
PrimifiYe Incense.

In ancient days sweet odors were oh.
tanned by burning aromatic gums and
woods; hence the word perfume, which
is from the Latin per, through, fumus,
smoke or vapor. From this arose the
idea Of incense in primitive worship.
1t was used by the orientals long be-
fore 1t became known to the western
world. People of the east utilized 1t
for sacrifice in their temples. At feasts
1t enhanced the pleasure of the senses.
At funerals it was bride to appease
the names Of the dead, and later In
theaters, dlsinfectant against the I'M
pleasant odors of crowded building.
Pliny assures us that incense was not
employed in sacrifice until after the
Trojan war, when fragrant woods were
applied to give an agreeable smell. In
an ancient magical manuscript IL Is di-
rected that three grains should be tax
en-, with three fingers, and placed under
the threshold to keep away evil spirits
which might come in the form of often.
slve odors.
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1906-03-23
Commissioners Notice.

In the matter of the estate OF Arthur Taylor
deceased.
We the undersigned, having been appointed
by the Hon. Matthew Bush Judge of Probate
In and for the County of Shiawassee, State OF
Michigan, Commissioners to receive, examine
and adjust all claims and demands OF all per-
sons against said estate, do hereby give notice,
that we will meet at A. L. Beard & Co Bank
ing office in the village of Morrice in said
county on Monday. the 23rd day of April
A. d., 1906, and on Thursday, the 21st day of
June A. D.. 1906 at ten O'Clock in the forenoon
of each OF said days for the purpose of receiy-
ing and adjusting all claims against said estate,
and that four months from the 2lst day of Feb
ruary, A. d., 1906 are allowed to creditors to
present their claims to said Commissioners for
adjustment and allowance
Dated, the 23rd day of February, A, d.. 1906.
ABRAHAM l.. BEARD.
WALLACE T.. CIRCUIT.
GEORGE LEWIS.
Commissioners.
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1906-03-23

white beds are women and girls who
are awaiting or recovering from opera
tions made necessary by neglect.
Every one of these patients had
plenty of warning in that bearing down
feeling, pain at the left or right of the
abdomen, nervous exhaustion, pain in
the small of the back, pelvic catarrh,
dizziness, fiatulency, displacements or
Irregularities. All of these symptoms
are indications of an unhealthy con-
dition of the female organs, and if not
needed the trouble may make Roadway
until the penalty has to be paid by a
dangerous operation, and lifetime of
impaired usefulness at best. while in
many cases the results are fatal.
Miss Luella Adams, of Seattle, Wash.
writes:
Dear Mrs. Pinkham -
"About two years ago was a great suf-
ferer from a severe female trouble, pains and
headaches. The doctor prescribed for me and
finally told me that had tumor and must
undergo an operation if wanted to get we'll
felt that this was my death warrant, but /
spent hundreds of dollars for medical help,
but the tumor kept growing Fortunately I
correspondence an aunt inthe New England
States, and she advised me to take Lydia g.
Pinkham's Vegetable Compound as it was
said to cure tumors Ibid so and Immediately
began to improve in health, and was entirely
cured, the tumor disappearing entirely, with
out an operation. 1 wish every suffering
woman would try this great preparation"
Just as surely as Miss Adams was
cured of the troubles enumerated in
her letter, just so surely will Lydia e.
Pinkham's Vegetable Compound cure
other women who suffer from fe-
male troubles, inflammation, kidney
troubles, nervous excitability or ner-
vous prostration.
Mrs. Pinkham invites all young
women who are i'll to write her for free
advice. She is daughter-in-law of
Lydia e. Pinkham and for twenty-five
years has been advising sick women
free of charge. Address, Lynn, Mass.
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1906-03-23
TWELVE MINERS KILLED.
Snowslide Struck Their Boarding
House While They Were Eat
inu Dinner,

Silverton, Colo, March 20.-Twelve
miners employed at the Shenandoah
mine were caught by a great snow
slide Monday and swept 10 their
death. Their bodies have not yet been
recovered. Assistance has been sum-
moned from Silverton to he'll dig the
victims from beneath the snow
According to a report from How
ardsville, the twelve men we killed
by a snowslide which st ok the
boarding house at the Shenandoah
mine while they were at dinner 1t
is reported that twenty-one men were
caught in the slide, and that nine dug
their way out.
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1906-03-23
MORTGAGE Sale.

Default having been made In the conditions of
q certain mortgage hearing date, October 7th
1880, made, executed and delivered by Frank
3 ssinger, OF Owosso Shiawassee county,
Michigan, to Joseph Hershey, of GoTham, On
tario county, State Of New York. and duly
recorded In the Office OF the Register OF Deeds
for Shiawassee county. In Liber 20 OF Mortgages
October, in the year 1890. upon which mortgage
there is claimed to be due at the date OF this
notice the sum of three thousand four hundred
and fifty lone dollars for principal and interest
under the terms of said MORTGAGE and no suit
or proceedings at law or In equity having been
Instituted 10 recover the same or any part
thereof.
Now, Therefore notice is hereby given that by
virtue OF a power of sale In said mortgage
contained, said mortgage will be foreclosed on
the "a day OF June, 1906, ut ten O'Clock In the
forenoon OF said day by sale at public auction
or vendue to the highest bidder of he premises
described In said mortgage, at the front door of
the Court House. m the city of Corunna Chat be.
Ing the place OF holding the circuit court for said
county OF ShawaSsee) for the purpose or satis-
tying the principal and interest on said mort
gage together with the costs of sale. including
an attorr ey's fee OF TWENTY-FIVE dollars. as pro-
vlded in said mortgage. Said premises being
described in said mortgage as follows, viz:
and the north part of the west half (I<l OF The
southeast quarter ard the eouth part of tho
west half tk) of the south east quarter "a OF
section thirty-four (3i) town seven ca north
range two (2) east, containing one hundred and
forty and eightyt two one.hundredths acres,
more or less
Dated Dec. 9TH. 1905.
KuPATRICk & PrERPoNr.
Attorneys for Mortgage.
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1906-03-23
ALL LIKELY Persisted.
Wreckage of Schooner Lady Antrim
and Two Bodies Washed Ashore.

Marblehead, Mass, March 21.-The
wreckage Of the Booth Bay, Maine,
schooner, Lady Antrim, was washed
up at Marblehead Neck Tuesday.
Later two bodies of seamen came
ashore.
The Lady Antrim carried a crew OF
five men. and as she was literally
smashed to pieces it is feared all
were lost.
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1906-03-23
Mutlny Leader Put to Death.

st. Petersburg, Marcn 1J.-Former
Lieutenant Schmidt, who commanded
the vessels of the Black Sea fleet
which mutinied in November of last
year, was shot Monday at OtchalIoff,
with three of his sailors.
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1906-03-23
JOHN BLAKE THE MAN
Who Shot and Killed Police Sergeant
Booth, of jackson.

Jackson, Mich, March 21.---John
Blake, one of the Brooklyn postoffce
robbers, has admitted that it was ne
who fired the shot that killed Police
Sergeant Fred Booth Monday. Jack
Walpole, notorious Detroit crook,
and. John Hamilton, whose identified.
ton has not yet been fully established,
were also placed in the sweatbox, bur
refused to talk of the robbery.
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1906-03-23
MOSCOW BANK ROBBED.
Thousands of Dollars Logged Away
BY Twenty Masked Robbers.

by twenty Masked Robbers.
Moscow, March 21.-The Credit Nh
tual, one of the largest banks in Mos
COW, was mysteriously robbed by
masked men at dusk last night, the
robbers securing S423,5oO. 1t was an
extremely daring job. The facts al
ready developed raise the question
that the robbery was committed by
or under the direction Of someone al
present or previously employed in
the institution.
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1906-03-23

Banker Milton p. Anderson, OF MID.
land, who was mysteriously shot IN
hts home last Thursday night, is deal.
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1906-03-23

Mrs. Pinkham's Advice Saves Many
From this Sad and Costly Experience.

1t is a sad but
lcertain fact that
ye v e r y y g a r
; brings a n | n.
ere a Sc in the
numberofopera-
tions performed
upon women in
o IL r hospitals.
More than three
J fourths of the
patients l y n g
'On those snow
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1906-03-23
n. e. PETERSON
DENTIST.

OrFTCE-In Dimmick Block. Washington st.
RESIDENCE-Washing ST.. opposite Con-
gregational Church, Owosso. Mich.
The Owosso times. (Owosso, Mich.) 1897-1926, 1906-03-23
Probate Order.

K CATHERINE e. KELSEY,
Probate Register
The Washington times., 1906-07-26
REFUSED To USE
ALL HER MONEY
Toledo Surprises Secretary
Shaw by Sending Back
$4,000.

Toledo, Ohio. is in the public eye to-
day. The city has actually returned TO
Uncle Sam SCI, 900. 1t was such an un-
heard of thing that officials Of Secre-
taTy Shaw's department are pinching
themselves TO sec if they are awake.
Congress thought 100000 would be
about enough TO purchase a site for the
new postOdice building, for which
100000 had been appropriated
And il was just enough 10 pay for
the land of the FIRST site selected, bat,
before any papers were signed. the
owner OF a site much more convenient
ly situated, close to the railroads and
In the growing part OF the city, came
forward and offered his plot of ground
for 1885, .OO0
The commission TO select the site
was not Influenced by the saving OF
S64, 600. but closed the deal because the
site for the new DOstofhce building was
an ideal one. And when Secretary
Shaw received the letter informing him
that Toledo had bought a site for her
pCstofiice building Tor $4,000 less than
the amount appropriated by Congress,
and that the surplus had been returned,
the Secretary thought II was an April
fool But II was a fact