Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1906-07-15
BY DIR. JAMES WATSON.

a BREED which promises to become
~ one of the prominent toy or pet
dogs of the not far distant future
is the dog of Picking. 1t has had
several names the first being
Chinese pug After that Il was variously
known as the Pekingese spaniel. Pekingese
pug sleeve dog and now the best accredited
name is the Pekingese dog One reason FOR
the diversity in nomenclature. In part, Is
the fact that there are two varieties the
rough coated and the smooth coated. to one
of which the breed name of spaniel was
given and to the other the name of pug
was natural That this snooth-coated dog
was the progenitor of the pug l do not
in the least question. There Is not
the slightest evidence that there was any
dog OF pug attributes or character In Eu-
rope up to the time when there was con-
siderable intercourse with China in the sew
enteenth century. Visitors to the celestial
empire were not then foreign devils, but
met with the most courteous treatment, ana
the relationships between the Holianders
and the English with the Chinese were
pleasant and friendly. The Hollanders seem
to have been the favored nation, and, as
we find in such collections as the central
Park Museum of Fine Arts, Chinese plates
and pottery made to order for leading Hol-
landers. and in the Pierpont Morgan chi
nese collection at the same place we'll
executed model of Dutch vessel In porce-
lain or chinaware we can readily under
stand that the visitors were the recipients
of gifts OF or purchased some of the highly
valued dogs OF the country, especially those
that were curious.
Darwin very properly says that breed
is the outcome of a process similar to the
formation of new language, first the In
dividual. then the family, followed by the
variety and finally the breed. There was
no such process In the development OF the
pug in eastern Europe for 1t is the one
pet dog of which there are no old repre-
sentations such as we find In Pomeranians,
Maltese, Italian greyhounds or toy span1eis
Ali at once and without any preliminary
growth or sign of development as variety
we find many illustrations of the pug.
dog of matured breed, so thoroughly es-
tablished In type that since then we nave
only improved it and not altered 1t In type
The earliest illustrations of the pug In the
eighteenth century show him with the snort
face square cutoff muzzle, the tight curled
tail and the dark markings which distln-
guish the pug of today from all other Vari-
cites of the dog family.
Not only Is this the case, but we owe
the modern pug almost entirely to two
smooth dogs brought to England from
Picking at the time of the loot of that city
In 1851. From these two Pekingese dogs
Lamb and Moss, came a pug named Click,
and not only was he a good pug indlVldu-
ally, but he was the dog to which almost
every pug of prominence in the early days
of dog showing traced TO- WITHIN from one
to three generations. He was brim fun
of pug type in head. and gave to his de-
scendants. mainly two of his daughters
the power to reproduce his own good points
In almost greater perfection. Any other
variety OF dog bred to the pugs that Click
was, If OF antagonistic blood, would have
done damage TO tire breed. but In this case
we had a return 10 the fountain head OF
II t. = tod
so radically alike were Lamb and Moss in
make, color and appearance, that Mrs. May
hew then one of the leading exhibitors
of the pug and who owned Click, was of
the opinion that they were brother and
sister The evidence is so strong that the
pug is of Chinese origin that the burden
OF proof is on those who hold the contrary
opinion.
With regard to the kin to this dog. which
has gone by the name of Pekingese spaniel.
they have always been much less known
There was nothing upon which to cross the
few that came to England from the Picking
loot and in addition to pair that went to
Queen Victoria the only others to reach
England that can be traced to were those
sent by Admiral Lord John Hay to the
Duke OF Richmond's family at Goodwood-
The rough Pekingese, or what may be bet
ter called the long-coated Pekingese, were
carefully kept and hard to gett hold OF, and
1t was not until the more recent allied cap
ture of Picking that a sufficient NUMBER
were secured for England and America
10 guarantee production enough to warrant
the prediction that the breed will progress
There are more in England than here, but
II is surprising how many we have, and
In New York and Philadelphia there are
at least fifty specimens. with more through
out the country. Naturally they are very
expensive owing to their rarity. 1t being
Impossible to get for less than about
500, and at that price they are not at all
common.
The loDg-coated Pekingese resembles no
other dog sufficiently to take anything
as a basis for description. He is a small
dog, averaging about eight pounds IN
weight, some running down to five and even
four pounds. but as the coat does not lie
SO fat as that OF a Japanese spaniel hav-
ing a resemblance about the forequarters
especially to the stand out Pomeranian
coat the dog looks buiker than he really is.
The head is large and quite massive for
the size of the dog fat across the top. with
ears set on like pugs and rather large for
ears OF that shape. their position adding TO
the wide appearance of the head. The fore
face is more that of the pug or Boston
terrier than of any toy spaniel. for il Is
not driven back into the skull, and short
ness of face is not attribute in the
breed. sQuareness and bulk being what is