Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1906-01-28
ECUADOR AND VENEZUELA.

telLe q democratic party was organized Dy
a journalist named Leocadio Guzman, but
1t fell to a conservative. Tadez Monagas.
Disorders followed until 1870. when GuEman
Bianeo, man both firm and intelligent,
twenty years Of economical prosperity and
tranquility. Blanco and Crespo divided the
honors until 1896. when the republic was
threatened with the loss of the Delta of the
Orfnoeo. claimed by England. The In
Prevention of President cleveland caused
Great Britain to accept the arbitration OF
Russia
To Crespo succeeded Gen. Andrads, bu.
hcuities which were the consequence of
the political faults and economical errors
committed before him. In September.
1883, new revolution carried to the presi-
dency Gen. Ciprfano Castro. The aFbitrs-
ton OF Russia surrendered the Delta of
the Orinoco to Venezuela. but the chaotic
terrible panic prevailed over the expor-
tation OF coffee and cattle; the service OF
the debt was suspended and In the
meantime a new constitution re-established
federalism. Venezuela. torn by civil war.
broke with Colombia. while her ports In
1902 were blockaded by several European
powers fEngland, Germany and Italy,. On
the 18th Of February. 1903, the blockade
pay small amount In cash and submit
the bulk Of claims to a mixed commission
question OF preferred rights arose among
the claimants, whether such powers who
which had peacefully negotiated the settle
ment Of their respective claims were en-
titled to preference. The Hague arbitrators
decided in favor of the blockading powers.
4
An article in the Monthly Review for
January, 1905, entitled Latin America and
the United States" discuss
Ane moiiroe ing the Monroe doctrine as
Doctrine. construed In the past and
now. says;
For the last eighty-two years this doc
trins has formed the basis of the policy OF
the United States concerning relations be-
tween european nations and the other
tfansoceanfc republics. For better or for
worse Its existence has not only been I'M
derstood to be fact but it's general scope
and meaning have been recognized de facto,
IL not de jure. by European powers. Until
recently It ranked purely and simply as an
the Americana Of gigantic reservation
consisting of the greater part Of two con-
tinents into which outsiders were not to be
allowed to fntrude.
to convert the Monroe doctrine from a mere
weapon of defense into-at any rate In
theory-a two-edged sword.
THE most salient passage in President
Monroe's original doctrine"-cites the En-
glish writer. delivered in 1923. runs as fol-
lows:
with the existing colonies or depend
encies OF any European power we have not
and shall not interfere. But with the gov
ernments who have declared their indie
pendence and maintained It, and whose In
dependence we have on great consideration
and just principles acknowledged, we could
not view any interposition for the purpose
of depressing them controlling in any
other manner their destiny by any Euro
pean power in any other light than as a
manifestation of an unfrendly disposition
toward the United States
Now" says the English writer, "let this
be compared with one of the most concise
Of President Roosevelt's numerous pro-
nouncements on the subject, which occurs
In speech made at Chautauqua on August
IL last:
1--WE cannot, however. permanently ad-
here to the Monroe doctrine unless we sue
coed In making It evident that we do not
ment Of the United States at the expense
Of the republics Of South America. and that
we will not permit it to be used by any OF
these republics as a shield to protect them
from the consequences OF their own misdeeds
against foreign nations. Inasmuch as
America will prevent other nations from
interfering on this side of the water. 1t shall
In good faith try to help the sister republics
which need such help upward toward peace
and order
It will be recalled that the French claims
which aggregated s., 900 900. were submitted
to the adjudication of an UNI
The Claims pire appointed by President
Of France. Roosevelt, and were reduced
by the adjudicator to $685.
co., This equitable decision might have
placated any other leader save Castro, who,
with characteristic vanity, proceeded to
annul the concession of the French Gable
Company The French minister at Caracas
hox, Inc hoo withdrawn NJ Taipuv " left
as charge d'affaires ad interim. Castro
| thereupon refused to recognize the charge
d'affaires. The last phase of the question
| Is positively comical, and shows that any
government which consents to treat with
Castro must expect to suffer In its dignity.
M. Taigny. in quest OF his official dis
patches. went on board Of a French vessel
Of war. whereupon Castro refused to per-
NIT the return of the French charge
d affaires, alleging that the latter had left
| his post, quilted the soil of Venezuela with
out having taken diplomatic leave p. p. c.l
The French government. In view OF such
| situation, thereupon broke of relations
| with the government at Caracas and ex-
PEELED the charge d'affaires of Venezuela at
| Paris, NJ. Maubourget. from French ter
| ritory. NJ. Maubourget, his name indi-
| in L'Intransigeant suggests that in place OF
| sending MauboMget across the French
| frontier he be seized, as Frenchman,
| and placed on board of a French cruiser
| and sent to lombard Caracas. Meanwhile,
I Just what the relations are between ou-
| representative and Castro Is not clear The
| latter Is reported to have left Caracas to
| avoid communication with the United
| States minister, and has gone to Maracay to
| rusticate. word about Castro individ-
| ually will not be embarrassing.
Cipriano Castro was bora IN Capacho
| near the frontier of Colombia, about 1858
| His parents were Spanish mestizos. or mixed
Spanish and Indian of the peasant class
| He attended school in Capacho. and was
1 active in politics as a liberal. His first
| military venture was in the so-called BAT
| tie of Capacho," in 1885, against Morales
| the representative Of the Lopez government
| In 1892 he was arrayed IN arms against