Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1906-06-17

minister, was wont to say: Flowing and
pasfurage-these are the two breasts which
nourish France. yeritable mines and treas
ures OF Peru 1t must therefore be con-
ciuded, Minister Gourko to the contrary
Notwithstanding. that when the Russian
peasant seeks more land ne does so with
the Intimate knowledge that 1t is not for
the vain pleasure of beholding It. hut for
the kopecks 1t will add to his revenue.
The London Times correspondent from
St. Petersburg. reporting the proceedings
OF the douma OF May 81. says that Cen
erai KuzmIn-karavaiefY. formerly professor
at the Military Law College, supported the
resolutions introduced by NJ Nabokor,
abolishing capital punishment the only
method of preventing arbitrary executions"
Tho immediate motive OF the resolution be-
Ing the Interpolation OF the ministry re-
garding the court-martiai of eight work
men In the Baltic provinces. postponement
OF the execution of the men had been asked
for. and yet four days afterward the men
were hanged mo amount OF executions"
said General Kuzmin, could deter political
assassin. inasmuch as the latter regarded
himself as hero and a martyr. But since
the government had executed these eight
workmen out IF revenge. II was evident
that such an act was devoid of even the
semblance of legality The government was
trying to do what Bismarck declared TO be
impossible-it was trying to rule the coun-
try with bayonets. Some members urged
the douma to dispense. because. forsooth.
the government placed obstacles in the way
that the government would do anything
else IL they returned to their homes they
would be betraying a most sacred trust.
No; they must go on day by day battering
the wall built in their path till breach
was Effected
Raymond Recouly has written a sketch of
the peasant deputy Nazarienko, under title
of La Russie Nouville. which
A Peasant appeared in the Figaro
Deputy. May 81. M. Recouly was
in st. Petersburg, and on the
25th of May visited the douma. where NJ.
Maxine Kowalesky said to him. Go and
see Nazarienko. He is one of the most in
teresting of the peasant deputies. He may
perhaps receive you badly, for he is not
accustomed to be interviewed"
III. Recouiy was accompanied by RUB
sian friend, who. introducing him, said:
Formerly journals noticed only princes,
counts and the rich; but today they notice
peasants. 1t Is a sign Of a new period"
Nazarienko smiled and proceeded with
good grace to tell the story of his life.
''Nazarienko has the head of the Christ;
his face. pale and thin. covered with a black
beard. reflects immense goodness; the eyes
are soft and dreamy; the voice mild and
seductive. He is clothed like moutik,
but his clothes are clean. His hands are
white: his manners polite and grace. Ma
zarienko recalls types OF the Chick Arab:
he has that oriental nobility which unites
itself with great simplicity. but he has also
an air of indehnable sadness. Although he
may be forty years scarcely. his face Is
worn and aged
Nazarienko recounted the poverty of his
parents. the days spent in the rude school.
our emperor and Alexandra H." when
his father took him away. saying This n
what comes from SO much learning 1t Is
the too learned people who have killed our
4, xx-y1<, h Any,10 cn
dearly and who emancipated the peasants"
When he learned from the journals that
the emperor was going to convene douna
he told the peasants. But the authorities
do not like persons from the Caucasus to
talk to the people. Nazarienko. In order to
circulate freely. became a tar merchant.
He arranged with a friend who resem-
bled him closely to personate him on COCA
Sion The false Nazarunko would conduct
the tar wagon. while the real Nazarienko
would go In the opposite direction to teach
the people. and thus the police were eluded.
The police attempted to catch him and
wrote him letters us 1t permitted to take
fruit from the gardens of the rich?' wrote
one. and another: Has one the right this
year. since the douma is not assembled, not
10 pay taxes?" These letters were from the
police. but the man of the forest was like
the foxes. his companions One night he
was arrested. but Nazarienko had fortu-
nately addressed telegram to the emperor
thanking him In the name of his fellow
peasants for the douma. When Nazarienko
showed the officer the emperor's reply
Nazarienko was quickly released and the
peasants elected him deputy to the douma.
what do the peasants want?. What have
they charged you to demand?" asked M.
Recouly.
'"rhey do not care to live longer like ami
mails, they are men as others, they have
the right to satisfy their hunger, nourish
their children. Is it just that the more
numerous. the most industrious perish from
want in little spot of earth while counts
ay ric poercban vast grounds of
which they cannot even make the circuit?
X
I'm my country" said Nazarienko. be-
coming more and and more animated.
many families have not
Desperate even a half deslatin of
Conditions. ground. When the peasant
was liberated, more than
forty years ago. the nadieI DOT of ground
given him when emancipated) was small
that Ii scarcely permitted him to live. But
since then the number of peasants has con-
siderably augmented. but the nadiel has re-
manned the same.
what can we do? Rent ground from the
rich2 The farms entirely too dear. and
to cultivate them 1t is necessary to have
Implements and horses. - The peas
ant has nothing. Hunger obliges him to
leave his village-to seek the factory in
other countries more prosperous. He goes
afoot, the miserable. because very often
he has not the means to pay the train
the boat: he marches. days and weeks. going
at times LOCO versts from his village and
all he makes he spends en- route. In the In
terval his wife and children are suffering at
home.
I'VE desire that the peasant may live In
his own village: no one should possess more
ground than he cultivate; the rest
should be given to the peasant.
I'VE will not go away until we obtain
that which we demand. II we are driven
from here we will reassemble elsewhere. If
they kill us others will come to take our
places.
I'VE wish to retain our emperor. but 1t is
necessary to accede to the Just desires of the
douma.''
Na0arienko had read many accounts of
the French revolutionary period. He had