davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Lamar register., 1906-04-18
County Nows.
Iron the Holly ChiefsainI
Under Sheriff Lynch of Lamar
spent Sunday in Holly.

TTrom the Holly Chiefsainl
Under Sheriff Lynch of Lamar
spent Sunday in Holly.
Mrs. E. E. Butler of Lamar Sun
dayed in Holly. the guest of her son,
N. e. Butler, our popular merchant.
Contranctor Endsley finished the
cement walks last Saturday evening.
He has had all sorts of weather to
deal with and at all sorts of times
This has made the work necessarily
expensive to him and has caused
some very slight defects in the work
in some places, but still the Chief
tain thinks that the people are get
ting a much better job than is usual
ly the case. The crossings are 60
ing in rapidly and the contractor ea-
poets to finish these by about Fri
day, when he will depart for Santa
Fe, N. Mex, where he has large
job awaiting him.
from the Granada Times.l
County Clerk Geo. d. Robinson
was in Granada last Saturday.
Misses Ruth Scott, Nellie Goodale
and Louise Gauss we're among the
Lamar teachers who attended the as
sociation meeting here last Saturday
A grading outfit on the new
Holly & Swlnk railroad has bern To-
Gated 5 miles north and one mile
east of Granada and telephone con-
nections were put in Tuesday.
An orchestra has been organized
in Granada. Several practices have
been held and the boys are getting
along fine with their music. THIS is
something which should be encour-
aged, for 1t will help the town in
many ways. The citizens of Grsna-
da should all lend their encourage.
ment to the enterprise and help them
financially if such thing should be-
come necessary: They will never
have cause to regret it if the orchss-
ira is managed properly. E. P.
Morrison is the leader and is an old
bsndmsster. We gladly welcome
the organization of some sort Of a
musical club. Let all lend them en-
coursgement.
The Lamar register., 1906-04-18

Strain.
Dolly Hoffman and Eva Vogel
went to Carlton Sunday to spend the
day with Doliy's parents.
Roy Tedford returned to Kansas
Monday. X
New-York tribune., 1906-04-01

partmental. that is. provincial. affairs are gov
erned by the Council General. or provincial diet.
OF which the prefect is. ex-oficio, president He
has the power TO veto any of the votes or de-
cisions Of the Council General. He can also
suspend the Mayor OF any commune from the
exercise OF his functions and veto his re-elec-
tion. All departmental that is TO say. pro-
vincial patronage is IN his hands. II COM
mune wants bridge constructed over a stream
or a new road laid down. it is difficult to obtain
the necessary permission unless the prefect Is
agreeable OF course. the views OF the Member
for that particular constituency carry a GER
tain amount Of weight with the government
But the latter VIII. in most instances. prefer to
listen to its agent that Is 20 say 10 the prerect
and consequently the latter has all the trumps
IN his hand. For II any elector or a community
wishes 10 secure the sanction OF the state 20 any
object, IT is much shorter and easier to set II
through the prefect than through the Deputy
In fact everything in a department depends
upon the prefect. and II. with all these adVan-
tages-advantages that are perfectly legitimate
-he falls to secure victory for the government
at the polls. It is assumed that he is unequal TO
the situation. and his transfer TO another post.
or his retirement. speedily follows
In France the Chamber OF Deputies is elected
for q period Of four years. and Il II lives
through It's term and has not been brought TO
an untirnsiy end by Presidential dissolution Go
which the sanction OF the Senate is indispen-
sable) then the general elections are required
to take place two months before IL ceases TO
exist and while II is still In session In this way
the present Chamber OF Deputies will be called
upon 20 sit In Judgment on any cases where cor
ruption or undue influence Is charged in the I'M
pending general election OF the next Legislature.
This may lead to some odd contretemps. for It
may be safely assumed that the political COM
plexion Of the nsw Chamber OF Deputies Is
likaly 70 be ysry dirsrsns from that Of the one
New-York tribune., 1906-04-01

i,out third of the card is divided OF on the
iefthand side and crossed by a diagonal line
Then he waits until the day appointed for the
election. In the interval he may be visited Dy
the rival candidates who will canvass his vote
and will probably provide him with slips OF
white paper on which the name is either writ
ten or printed. Sometimes these papers are dis
tributed by the various electoral agents at the
doors OF the polling stations But there is no
obligation on the voter TO use them.
The regular ofncial ballot slips such as are
used here in America are unknown in France.
and the voter is at perfect liberty to write the
name OF his candidate on plain sheet OF paper.
the only stipulatiOns being that 1t should be
white. that IL should be carefully folded and that
II should contain nothing but the candidates
name and political opinion. well the date.
OF course, each political group WIN have a candi-
date Of its own, for whom it's agents endeavor
20 secure votes. But the electOr is not bound
In the least degree 70 vote for any one OF them
He can put down whose name he pleases on
the ballot. his freedom In this particular being.
however indirectly restricted by the provisions
of the law OF 1889. which require that within
the fortnight before the day Of the election each
candidate shall file a declaration 20 his can
didAcy for a given constituency. and for that
constituency only. ali votes given for him in
other constituencies being thereafter regarded
as void The origin OF this law the attempt
made by General Bouianger TO convert q general
Parliamentary election Into Presidential pleb-
iscite In his favor. by having constituencies al
over the country elect him as their representa-
tive in the Chamber OF Deputies. His project
defeated. he elected by only about a
dozen constituencies. But II was in order to
obviate the repetition OF all danger from any
such source that the law in question de-
vised and enacted. and while 1t does not re-
quire that candidate should be nominated by
o political party. yet IL obliEes him. bsfors the
New-York tribune., 1906-04-01

Sunday. May 6. has been named as the day
o. which the general Parliamentary elections in
france are 20 take place, and the government
has therefore exactly six weeks 10 a day before
il IN which 10 -preparer de bonnes elections
The responsibility for these viii rest more par
bculary on the shoulders OF Senator Clemen-
reau. the Minister OF the Interior and the strong
man in French politics. The master spirit OF an
administration composed almost entirely OF men
o. character and OF mark. instead OF the polit
ca nonsntities usually selected for Cabinet
ohioe because Of their subserviency TO the will
of tie Premier, ne may be regarded as a species
q moral dictator Of the situation. for the moral
Euasion which clever and energetic chief Of
tae Department OF the Interior can exercise upon
the voting population on the eve Of a general
election IN France is very pronounced.
IN order 10 explain this IL is necessary 20 say
Few words about the manner in which Ps-lia
Hentary elections are conducted IN France
There IL no such complicated machinery here
u America, and primaries are unknown, while
nominating committees receive Official reooE-
hton as such. In France everybody can vote
In Parliamentary election who has attained
he age of twenty-one. has never been convicted
OF 2 crime or otherwise deprived OF his civic
rights. and who can justify continuous residence
Tor three months previous % The closing Of the
voting register In the district IN which he in
tends 20 vote. The electoral lists are revised
each year from January Ie 20 March 81. and the
registers were closed yesterday throughout the
length and breadth OF France. Having inscribed
Himself on the voting list OF the Commune or
ATroEoissement where he purposes TO exercise
MS electoral rights. the French citizen leaves
his country 70 do the rest until The day OF cleo
ton arrives A policeman, g municipal guard or
eendarme brings him a voting card. which is
an oblong piece OF papier-mache. on which are
Inscribed his name and address. as well as an
htiznStiSn that his name IA the electoral list
New-York tribune., 1906-04-01
HARDSHIP FOR POOR MAN.

The laws delay is more likely to cause the
poor man hardship than the rich since 1t often
forces him 10 come to terms with his opponent
because he cannot wait for his money. When
a man is knocked down by a streetcar," said
prominent attorney who is especially familiar
with accident cases and who is among the lead
ers in tho fight for the passage of the anti-laws
delay bills, "a representative Of the company
calls upon him. If the injured man is found %
live in a tenement house. the claim agent always
begins his talk in this wise:
Better settle with us It won't do you any
good 10 sue Why. man, If you've got a
straight open and shut case you can't get It on
the calendar in less than three years During
that time you may die, and your action diss,
too. Your widow gets nothing from US unless
you die as the direct result Of the accident
And you can't tell. either, what will happen to
your witnesses. They may die or move away
from town, or forget their testimony Settle
with us and you've got the money right in your
pocket. Now, you say you are going to sue
for $4,000 damages. Don't. You'll never get a
cent that way. Call It $500 and you'll get 1t to-
morrow
And in the majority Of cases such man set
ties for pretty near what the company is willing
TO pay. He is at its mercy. on the other hand
If the trial could be held within a few weeks. as
in most cities, he might recover what is legally
d1Ieb biyT,S
New-York tribune., 1906-04-01
>ene~ed Efforts to Expedite Work of the Courts
FORMER Movements Have Been Defeated by
interests Which Profited by Procrastination

Inc new york Supreme Court calendar has
Ten Ten Ihousahd cases. and is three years behind
Inc Brooklyn calendar has eight thousand cases
ana ana Is handicapped almost badly. We must
nave reheL AS was said in the old adage
Justice delayed is justice denied
Chief among the bills which the Chamber of
Commerce and the Merchants Association have
asked the Legislature TO enact is a measure
introduced by Assemblyman wainwright pro-
viding for the appointment of BODY cf Supreme
Court commissioners at salary of $4,000 each
who shall clear the court calendars of the cases
That now overwhelm them. They are TO be
appointed by the Supreme Court justices of the
Appellate Division. These commissioners shall
not accept fees. and they will do the work
now done by referees they will relieve the public
OF the great expense which the referee system
now imposes on litigants. These special COM
missioners will also do the work which the com
fhlssioners in condemnation proceedings also do
at the present time at such great expense to
the CITY
New-York tribune., 1906-04-01
Ex-Attache Thinks That While the Present Admins
tration Is q Admirable and Brilliant One
1t Is Too Strong Last

election takes place. to establish that he Is a
candidate, and who has not made this
declaration be elected
When the voter arrives at polling station on
election Day he finds himself in the presence OF
with green baize, upon which is a green baise
covered box with slit in the top, which is
denominated the urn. These men constitute
mittee. and four are chosen. irrespective of their
political views. by show Of hands from among
the first voters to reach the polling station, the
nth and presiding officer being the Mayor or
one OF his deputies or delegates.
The voter advances to the table, and. first OF
all hands his electoral card to of the
Bureau" who checks his name of the list.
ships OF one OF the triangular sections from
the edge Of the card. and then hands It back to
the voter In case Of second ballot. this mu-
tilated card serves as a means OF Identification.
The elector then hands his ballot, voting pa
per- folded up. 70 the presiding member OF the
committee who takes Il IN hand and with
the other drops IL unopened into the urn At
o'clock in the evening the president OF the bu-
reau declares the polls closed. Then tellers are
chosen from among the voters present. the box
Is opened and the ballot papers. before being
unfolded are carefully counted to II their
number corresponds with that OF the names
checked of on the list. II there is any discrep-
ancy mention Is made on the minutes Of the
DAVIS proceedings. Then the telIers divided
into groups OF four. and. seated at separate
tables they open the voting papers and read
aloud the name on each ballot. the number OF
votes being carefully recorded On nHt- prepared
New-York tribune., 1906-04-01

now in existence. Conditions IN France have
undergone a radical change since 1902. The
Dreyfus question has ceased to be factor in
French politics. and the Church and State con-
troversy has become the burning issue OF ths
day In fact It Is generally acknowledged that
the present Chamber in sense represents
popular sentiment or the viii OF the nation at
this juncture. and TO such extent has this
been felt that President Loubet was strongly
urged Just before Christmas TO dissolve the
Chamber and 70 order another general election
at once so that his successor as Chief Mag
istrate might be chosen by a body IN which
at any rate the 5S4 Deputies Of the lower house
and the 100 new members OF the Senate. elected
early In January. would represent the wishes
and political ideals OF the nation at the present
time instead OF the views and doctrines OF 1902
As far as can be gathered from careful
study of the situation. the elections will result in
an overwhelming majority for the government
Any danger by which IT may be overtaksn will
come from within rather than from without and
the chief peril by which II IS menaced Is that OF
internal dissensiOn. due TO the presence OF 50
many statesmen OF note IN the Cabinet. Besides
Clsmenceau who is tremendously dictatOriaA
and imperfous there is the Premier Sarrien who
is noted for his obstinacys Leon Bourgeois. the
Minister OF Foreign Affairs. who is so convinced
OF his mastery OF the arts OF diplomacy since
his mission to tho Peace Congress at The Hague
and his visits 20 all the crowned heads IN Fu-
rope In their respective capitals that he will be
disinclined 10 brook any Interference with the
conduct OF the foreign relations OF France and
Etienne, the masterful Minister OF War y -
patriotism alone that can have Induced these
men 70 Join hands TO form an administra-
tlon. But whether they viii find Il pOssibIs
TO keep their tempsrs under control and to defer
10 one another's views sufficiently to hold the
Cabinet together for any length OF time seems
doubtful. In word. while the Cabinet Is un-
QuestiOnaoly one OF the most brilliant admin
istrations OF the Third Republic, and the best
that could possibly have been organized TO carry
France through a general election. Il Is too
strong 70 Last EX-ATTACHR
New-York tribune., 1906-04-01

for the purpose Each teller has another man
watching at his elbow. so that there is little or
opportunity for fraud. Then the voting pa
pers and the lists, together with minutes OF the
proceedings and a report OF the results. are
placed by the committee in the ballot box the
latter is sealed up and is conveyed under police
escort TO the Prefecture. where the whole thing
ls gone over and verified by an electoral COM
mission comprising the Prefect, or Governor, OF
the department and members OF the provincial
diet With such an organization as this there
is little opportunity Of violating the secrecy Of
the ballot or OF suppressing votes Irregulari-
ties OF this kind. indeed. seldom occur. and
French Parliamentary elections are remarkably
orderly and honestly conducted. 1t may be ad-
ded that In cases where there is evidence Of cor
ruption or OF undue influence the matter Is
brought before the Chamber, which. II the
charges are proved. as in the case OF Count
Boni de Castellane. may invalidate the election
and order a new one although IN some instances
II has taken the extraordinary step Of awarding
the scat to thu candidate second an the polling
list
II will be asked OF course how the govern
ment is able to influence elections conducted IN
this way In reply TO this It may be stated thai
AT the head OF each OF the provinces or Depart
ments into which France Is divided there s q
civil governor or prefeot. holding his appoint
ment from the Minister OF the Interior. whose
authority he represents. He. IN turn. Is assisted
by several sous -prefets deputy governors
These are all tried government officials. who
owe their appointment not TO any competitive
examination, but TO political influences with the
party, coupled with personal ability. All de-
New-York tribune., 1906-04-01
FIGHT TO RELIEVE COURTS.

In spite Of the opposition OF the railway COM
panies and certain men who are referees or com
Tnissioners IN condemnation proceedings, the
Chamber Of Commerce and the Merchants Asso-
ciation of this city are making q vigorous fight
10 relieve the courts and insure the public
prompt trials. They are working for the pas
sage Of legislation at Albany which will do
away with the referees and the special COM
Tnissioners. Strong delegations from both these
organizations, representing the chief mercantile
and financial interests OF New York, appeared
Al Albany last week and pleaded for help from
the Legislature. AS J. Noble Hayes. counsel for
the Laws Delay Commission in speaking for
the Chamber OF Commerce. said at that time:
New-York tribune., 1906-04-01

Der. Of references Among these men, accord
ing TO the circular Of the Merchants Associa-
ton. were T. Allison. who obtained in the years
from 1896 to 1902 76 cases: H. W. Bookstaver.
IS; E. Browne IO4 S J. Cowan 124: c. Dono-
hue. 100; T. F. Donnelly, 2O3; r NJ Henry
212; D. P. Ingraham. 232; j. H Judge. 227. and
E Mccall. 113
Although the law allows SO a day few ref
erees agree to this amount AT the beginning
Of recent referee hearing the referee said:
Gentlemen, before we begin. let me say that
my regular rate Is 80 an hour" The attorney
for the plaintiff Immediately arose and said:
That is perfectly satisfactory 70 us
ThereupOn the lawyer for the other side was
forced to agree. for fear he would otherwise an
New-York tribune., 1906-04-01

lie Is paid to give. That the Metropolitan Rail-
ROAD mas benefited from just such methods was
lhe charge made AT the time when Henry A.
HoDinson' chief counsel of that company. was
accused OF unprofessional conduct by a number
OF prominent attorneys, including J. Aspinwall
Hodge, John NJ. Gardner Thomas P Wickes and
NJ. P, O'Conner. In the testimony adduced at
that time was the statement of Edward J. Glib
lln' witness in accident case that a repre-
sentative OF the company had offered him 500
week and his expenses If he would take a
vacation and go to Washington. This offer was
subsequently raised, he said, TO the lump sum
OF S4OO. which he refused
MI Robinson testified at the time he was
charged with unprofessional conduct that there
were fifteen thousand cases pending against the
company in the state courts. Some of them
had been on the calendars six and seven years.
New-York tribune., 1906-04-01
REFERENCES SHOULD BE ABOLISHED

Justice GaynOr said
I am opposed to all references. They ought
to be abolished entirely. No case ought to be
referred"
Justice McAdam said:
Il think judges and courts would be a great
deal better off without references. 1 am op-
posed 70 the system emphatcally."
AS the referees are appointed by the justices,
II mas given to the judiciary a tremendous
patronage, which, 1t is argued has tempted
politicians to nominate for judges men who will
appoint to fat references those lawyers whom
these politicians desire.
Bearing in mind that referees are practically
enabled to fix the amount of their own compen-
sation and to increase that compensation by
delay" II was stated in a circular sent out re-
Gently by the Merchants Association ''it is OBJ
Tious that these appointments offer peculiar at
fractions 20 those who INSCRIPTIONS or in
competent in the practice of their profession.
II has been stated by more than judge that
enormous pressure is brought to bear upon the
Judiciary TO secure these appointments for IA
vorites. The nature of the pressure To which
judges are subjected is clearly indicated by the
revelations made some years ago, when Justice
Pryor was under examination as TO the con-
tributions exacted from judges the price of
Tammany nominations, the consideration being
New-York tribune., 1906-04-01
TO INCREASE NUMBER OF JUDGES.

Another bin, whose passage is urged is one
carrying out the provisions Of the Mills Const-
tutonal amendment. which permits the Legis-
lature TO increase the number of justices Of the
Supreme Court on both sides of the East River
II this bill is passed New York County can have
seven more justices. and Kings County an even
larger number, If required. The author of this
measure is Assembyman La Fetra- Other bills
have also been introduced by Mr.. Wainwright
which will still further expedite the administra-
tion OF justice, their advocates say. One pro-
vides for stronger safeguards against sham
answers in actions, which will hasten the trial
of a great many cases by giving them imme-
diate hearing. Another bill provides that the
courts keep full statistics of the cases which
come before them At the present time the in
formation obtainable from courts is most made
quate for a complete knowledge of their work
ings. For example, it is impossible to learn
what fees the referees have charged in a single
year. Some say that in the Borough of Man
haitian alone these fees in one year amount to
as much the Supreme Court costs in New
York County, about $4,000
New-York tribune., 1906-04-01
INCREASED NUMBER OF REFEREES.

The increase in the number of referees has
been the result of the ever-growing congestion
In the courts. That these referees are doing
their work with more and more delay each year
Is shown by statistics of the Laws Delay Com
mission. which was appointed by Governor OdeH
IN 1902 Figures obtained by j. Noble
hayes. the commissions counsel, which showed
that, although the number of references had not
Increased materially in the years from 1896 to
dSO-' yet the number of referees had grown
from 13o TO 112. 1t thus be seen that the
average referee in 1902 took nearly half as long
again to hear a case as in 1896 The number
or references and referees for these years was
follows:
New-York tribune., 1906-04-01
FAVoRITE REFEREES.

The Merchants Association also printed a ia
BILE giving the names Of the justices Of the Su-
preme Court and the number Of references
which each had made IN the year from 1896 to
1902 The table showed that IN one year one
Judge gave a single referee eighty cases. Other
referees were found to be favOrites with many
judges, and in this way obtained a great num-
New-York tribune., 1906-04-01

Not only the merchants and other private
cltlzens OF this city who pay the fees of the
referees. but also the jurists who appoint them.
are opposed to the referee system and want it
abolished Justice Leventrtt, testifying before
the Laws Delay Commission. said:
Il avoided practising before referees as much
as possible in view OF the delay and expense
New-York tribune., 1906-04-01
CHANCE FOR JURY FIXING.

1t has been charged that the dilatory admins
tration OF the courts at the present time offers
corrupuonists more opportunity to fix Juries and
ortbe witnesses than would be possible If cases
could be tried quickly. With speedy trials there
would also be less field for the fake witness It
takes time TO drill an inpostor in the testimony
New-York tribune., 1906-04-01

required either IN cash in the surrender Of
appointments controlled by Judges. The direct
application of the system was shown when
Judges DAILY and Cohen were forced to retire
fror3 the bench because both refused to permit
poll clans 10 dictate the appointments which
C{al bn