Evening journal., 1906-11-08
DOG IS MANS
CLOSEST FRIEND
Is the Most Intelligent Of All
Animals and Faithful to
Ills Master
EACH BARK HAS MEANING

merit somewhere or overhear it spoken
about the horse being the most intelli-
gent Of animals" says a man connected
with the Smithsonian Institution. "and
am at loss to understand how sSch
a sentiment should even be slightly
entertained.
THE horse. from a scientific stand
point. possesses a certain amount Of
well developed instinct and memory.
but not intelligence as the word Is un-
derstood as applied 10 the animal king
dom. The most intelligent OF animals
is the dog. Mans most faithful friend
not only possesses intelligence as con-
tradistinguished from mere instinct.
but his reasoning faculties are better
developed than any Of the other dumb
animals.
THE dog has been longer and moro
constantly at the side OF man than any
other animal-having been. in fact.
mans closest companion for many CEN
turtles. and this attachment and affinity
a fine looking horse appears inteli-
gent" and thus the word has stuck to
him. but as a matter OF scientific fact
the horse takes on the characteristics
Of all hoof animals. and. aside from his
faculty OF memory-and even that is
not especially developed-he may be
said TO be dun. He IS taught a few
things In life by man and he remembers
them. However, the horse Is another
story; II Is the dog now.
ITO the average person the bark OF a
dog is simply Its bark and nothing
more. The dogs FIRST instinct is the
preservation Of his master and the
latter's household, and IN the fulhllment
Of this fine devotional trait he Is will
ing and at times appears by design to
be anxious to surrender his life. Injur-
les and wounds, even though he later
expires therefrom, do not diminish this
splendid characteristic. And to other
people a dogs growl Is simply his
growl' but there Is a difference, as in
his bark.
Dogs have an interroga tory growl, a
warning growl, a menacing growl, and
"a fighting growl, which are just as dis
similar TO the discriminating student
OF dogs habits as are the tones Of a
human being IN their various pitches
indicat ing the state Of temper. Their
bark possesses the same variations, In
licating very clearly TO the observant
student the exact condition OF the dog
mind. while their bark Of happiness is
individual and distinct from their other
tones.
ttrI,t,, r.,,,tf,,,- - , Iorr ,,,. ~ bn ~,
pealed to I'm precisely the same manner
rs. those Of the human being. In fact
your own dog IS more sensitive TO the
change IN your own emotions and feel
ings very often than the members Of
your own family and win often SYM
pathize with you by a peculiar SYM
pathetic light in his eyes, by coming
very close to you, placing his head
against your hand or licking It. long
before any other member Of the human
kind in the family has caught on that
there is something wrong with you
.''The dog manifests and clearly delin-
Gates the emotions Of Joy. Indifference.
sorrow. grief. injury and slight and
for each of these emotions he has a
different attitude and expression.
When he stands between his master
and possible adversary or enemy his
attitude Of alertness and willingness
TO fight for the former upon the word
Of command Is as clear TO the dog stu
dent as is the opposite one of grief, or
self-conscious shame, when he has
been reproved by the hand voice or
even the eye of the one to whom he
Is anxious TO defend so readily when
asked.
Their faculty Of reasoning might Re
shown i'm many ways did space afford
but a single illustration win suffice,
and I win take the setter, whose intel
ligence has been shown to be very
marked. His master will send him
into a field to flush the game. The dog
every few minutes looks back at him.
n his master waves his hand TO the
right the dog never goes to the left, and
vice versa. If he throws the palm Of
his hand forward outwardly the dog
again changes his position, and never
makes a mistake by responding TO tho
backward call But sometimes the
master is mistaken as to the where
bouts Of tho birds but the dog knows,
so he has been known TO run back to his
master and by dog talk in barking tell
his master this. The master at once
understands this talk. and allows the
log to nroceed without further direc-
ton. Some specimens OF this fine breed
are too intelligent to hunt with man
who cannot hunt. so they tell him OF
heir disgust by making scornfully for
home by the nearest route. The hunt
er's intelligent horse would remain
until he starved If he were not driven
dome."