davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1906-12-01
FEDERAL REGULATION or CHILD
LABOR.

WASHINGTON, Nov. Ex-senator Bever-
idge proposes to suppress child labor by
the use of the increasingly elastic Inter
state Commerce. law. So does Senator
Lodge. Such q combination Of youthful
enthusiasm and mature wisdom Is likely to
prove formidable. The end which these
gentlemen seek TO attain appeals directly
and f~oroefully to public sentiment, and the
means adopted may not be very closely
scrutinized by the general public.
Heretofore the regulation Of child labor,
like the school question, has been left to
the individual States. Some States v
restrictive laws, and some have none.
Some prohibit the employment OF children
under fourteen years OF age In factories
only. Some prohibit such employment in
both factories and stores. In many States
the laws are unduly elastic, n In none,
90 far as Is generally known, Is there rigid
enforcement. In all States having such
laws there Is evasion by false statement OF
age. Yet In spite Of laws and public opin-
lon, IL appears that there are nearly 100000
children in the United States engaged in
gainful occupations, employed In stores,
factories and even In mines. In some
cases, perhaps in many, the work Is not
necessarily injurious, but in many more its
injury TO the individual constitutes q menace
to the nation.
In the largest aspect Of the question. It
will be held by the advocates Of Federal
regulation that the nation, as such, is pn-
MARTY responsible for the well being OF Its
citizens, young and old. For Its own pro-
lection, the nation il bound to conserve the
vital force Of its units. In theory. the
States have an equal interest In the same
direction, but as q matter OF fact the interest
is languid even where it can be said to exist
at all. Comparatively few OF our people,
1t will be argued, come into any direct con-
act with the evil Of child labor. and there
fore few grasp It's meaning and It's I'M
p~ortance. An occasional narrowing story
in book, magazine or newspaper is as close
as most people ever get to 1t. b matter
is, nevertheless, Of vital importance. Il 10
Of even greater importance than some OF
the questions which throw the country into
a confusion Of opinion and discussion.
On the other hand, it will be held hat the
means which Mr.. Lodge and Mr.. Beverage
propose to employ for the correction OF
this evil arN lilo gical and unsuitable. At
its best, any step which can be taken under
an amendment to the Interstate Commerce
act would be only partially effective. II
child labor Is an evil, II it constitutes a
n to the country, II 1t is unnatural
and unwise on the ground either OF hui
mainly or Of economies, it should be cut
out entirely and not merely in part. In
short. the opponents Of the further ex-
tension Of the field OF Federal activity will
maintain that while the object sought by
the proposed measures is most worthy and
every effort made in that direction should
receive all possible support, the proposed
means are most Objectionable.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1906-12-01

Colonel THOMAS CONNER, described as
the first millionaire ever elected to the
Missouri Senate" retains the simplicity of
the Democrats in the Ozarks. He never
owned a dress suit or a silk hat" How
long will this Spartan resist the soft Cam
panian luxury Of jefferson CityH Nay. will
even a more primitive statesman, the Hon.
JEFF DAVIS Of Arkansas, fall a victim to
luxury when he goes to Washington TO
shake the Senate? In a few years the I'M
tanned one may be giving culture talks
his rugged form enclosed In the toys OF
evening. The demonstration Of wild Senators
is an art well understood in Washington.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1906-12-01
Metz, Revolutionist.
to power

Comptroller METZ seems to be a most
unruly and revolutionary person. He
declares that the employees in his de-
partment must worh. He does not re-
gard the selection Of subordfnates by
rule of thumb as an evidence of inspired
wisdom. Lately he pointed vi that
the rigid system under which temper
airy employees must be discharged in
regular order was imbecile. and his re-
marks on the subject were rather heated.
Now he clamors for the right to employ
department clerks as he needs them,
without regard to any other officer or
commission of the city government.
Clearly, METZ is a dangerous character.
He SCOTS at the Civil Service Reform
Association and pretends that he is as
competent as it to say how the Finance
Department should be run. He objects
to gentlemen of elegant leisure on the
city payroll who are prompt only at the
cashiers window and whose duties with
outside employers prevent them from
keeping the city's business up to date.
He wants to have the municipal place
holders selected and managed as are
clerks and workingmen in private offices.
He hopes to see the responsible mar in
the Office empowered to run things him.
self. A bad, mad ambition is this: Mr..
METz's reckless disregard of precedent
and sacred institutions is likely to get
him into serious trouble.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1906-12-01
Thanksgiving pay added a brilliant page

Thanksgiving Day added q brilliant page
TO the record OF the seesaw gridiron game
OF 1905. There was the usual clean, hard
play ON many fields, and several sensational
matches. The Cornell Pennsylvania game
was a thrilling contest TO watch, but was
cancelled as q factor in the assignment OF
honors for the season by its windup in a
no-soore tie.
The game at Chicago, between profess
sional elevens, actually furnished the item
Of greatest interest to the football parlia-
ment. The teams were made up OF former
stars OF Western colleges. II Is reported
that HEsroN. formerly an All-American
halfback, and captain on Thursday OF the
MassilIon eleven, had a leg broken in the
melee, while an ex-Wisconsin fulback
emerged from the scrimmage with a broken
arm. A Massillon player deliberately
roughed an All-Western opponent, and the
referee, applauded by the spectators, APP
Piled his authority Vi ct drnis. -Rowdy,'
adirty"-these are the adjectives that de-
scribe the disgraceful exhibition.
The moral Of this game IL &C obvious as
to require no pointing: Football is of all
sports the one that least lends itself to the
requirements Of play. by professional
athletes. Conversely, it must OF necessity
be prominently a game for amateurs.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1906-12-01
Tillman and His Audiences.

Has it ever occurred to any Of our
friends on this side Of Mason and Dixon's
line to take a few minutes off in their
denunciation Of Senator TILLMAN's IT,
rades against the negro and consider one
or two matters bearing strongly on the
case? Surely a certain significance at
taches to the circumstances the
auspices under which Mr.. TILLMAN de
livers his lurid, not to say ridiculous
harangues. When a public speaker
utters mischievous and childish nom
sense to crowded houses II is evident
that there must be a popular demand
for that particular kind OF folderol, n
when the demand in question makes
itself known in only n section OF the
country It Is reasonable to suppose that
the feeling which inspires it Is CORE
spondingly limited.
We are moved, therefore, to suggest
that the communities inviting Mr.. TILL
MAN to address them on the so-called
race question are the communities which
find satisfaction and entertainment in
his utterancos, whereas those that re-
frain from inviting him are actuated by
disapproval Of. certainly by lack Of SYM
patty with, his notorious theories and
unworthy purposes.
The thought is not a pleasing one, per-
haps, but it is nevertheless forced upon
us by undoubted facts that the North
furnishes Mr.. TILLMAN's audiences in
every case. II he has ever been impor-
tuned by any Southern city, town or
village to appear and ventilate his esti-
mate of the negro and expound his
theory as to the proper solution Of the
problem we have yet to hear Of it. II
Baltimore, Richmond, Savannah, Charles
ton, Mobile, Montgomery, New Orleans,
Nashville, even Atlanta, have ver sent
for Mr.. TILLMAN to reveal the negroes
wickedness and degradation, and to
regale a Southern audience with coun-
sells Of vengeance, hatred and hostility,
we must have overlooked the circum-
stance. He draws" amazingly and re-
ceives fancy prices for telling Kansas,
Illinois, Michigan, &c, how vile the negro
is. The name of his hearers is legion
and the noise Of their reclamation is
t%hunderous and far reaching. But who
ever heard Of a Southern audience, still
less a paying audience, for TILLMAN's
tantrums and Nominations of bitter de-
nunciation in respect Of the colored peo-
pie? We have bestowed some attention
here, and we should really like to hear
Of oue II ia not nv any means a proud
or comforting reflection that the only
people who delight in the South Carolina
Senator's anti-negro propaganda are to
be found on this side Of the Potomac
and the Ohio.
What we of the North need in the par
ticular matter under present considera-
ton is a frank recognition of certain
salient facts. Possibly it might help us,
further, to acquire the faculty Of draw
ing enlightened conclusions from estab-
lished premises.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1906-12-01
AIaska's Great Fish River.

AfS' WV N@FN
How many readers OF the Companion ever heard
OF the Nush4gak River3 Not many, II is safe 10
say. Yet the Department of and Labor
pronounces this river of western Alaska "one OF
the important fishing streams OF the world" The
nsh which the NushaZak furnishes Is salmon, the
taking. canning. freezing and sailing OF which is
an Alaskan industry the Importance OF which is
shown by a recent report issued by the Department
of and Labor. The nrst two canneries
we're built In 1878. Since then the number has
increased until in 1909 there we're sixty four estab-
llshments. which put up more than 2.500, 900 cases.
Low prices since then have somewhat reduced both
the number OF canneries and the output: never
theless. since canning began in Alaska, nearly
%. OO0. 900 cases have been sent out. In order 70
provide some counterpoise to this tremendous
drain the packers combined 70 start hatcheries.
These have been carried on with important results
and Increasing success. In 1905 the United States
Bureau Of Fisheries took up the work. in addition
TO what had been done by the packers. There are
now nine hatcherles, from which about 45o. 900, 900
fry have been liberated.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1906-12-01

Educational mergers are all the 60
The HarvdTd Bulletin reports q proposed
alliance between Andover theological Semi
nary and Harvard University. This In not
q new scheme, for the removal Of the semi
nary to Cambridge and Its amslgamation
with the university have for some years
been under consideration; but definite plans
have now been formulated by the Andover
trustees in consultation with President
ELIOT. The trustees desire to confer with
q committee OF Harvard alumni before
presenting the plan to he university au-
thorities for their final action.
The reported terms OF the plan call for
the continuation Of the existing ~organiza-
ton Of the seminary, with q Council for
Theology as an advisory body. to be COM
posed Of the Harvard divinity faculty and
the "Andover professors In Harvard Uni
versity," with the Harvard president.
Courses given In either school will be 40
oepted as qualifying candidates for the
divinity degree In the other.
Andover, founded In 1907, one Of the oldest
and best known Of American theological
schools, the home OF the new theology
Of twenty years ago has been seriously
affected by the growing unpopularity OF
the ministry a. q profession. The school
Ia, however, well endowed and equipped;
and II the transplanting process 10 attempted
and accomplished both the seminary and
the divinity school at Cambridge should
benefit thereby.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1906-12-01

From the NdShplis Amsriean.
Virginia, Tennessee and Georgia are the leading
peanut States. In Virginia the white peanut and
the small red peanut are the varieties chiefly pro-
duced. while Georgia also largely produces this
small red nut. In Tennessee the white nut, which
Is larger than the red, and the larger variety OF
the red nut are raised. The chief peanut counties
are Humphreys, Perry, Hickman and Dickson. but
the area OF peanut cultivation has been enlarged
in more recent years. Few peanuts are produced
In east or west Tennessee. but in the counties named
they are the chief money crop ola large percentage
Of the farmers. The peanut has many names
-goober. pindar. earthnut. groundnut, ground
pea. Northern soldiers called them COOLERS, and
there was a well known song entitled Grabbing
GOober Peas" which was a favorite with troops
marching through Georgia" According TO the
1904 census the total peanut crop amounted to
II. so4 900 bushels. valued at 81, 27O, 0O0.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1906-12-01

On June 10, 1904, the Board OF Education
in the city Of Chicago passed a rule which
forbade any member of a secret society
from representing any Of the public high
schools in athletic sports. This was de-
signed to check the growing influence Of
the high school fraternity. On Thanks
giving Day, this year, Hyde Park and
Wendell Phillips high schools met in their
annual football game, and there were plenty
Of frat" members In the lineup on both
sides. The explanation was that the Board
of Education had been confronted by a new
opposition, nothing less than an Injunction.
Four Of the boys in the Hdye Park school,
members OF the Phi Sigma fraternity,
represented by their parents, petitioned
Judge McEwEN in the Supreme Court to
grant an injunction restraining the Board
of Education from carrying out the terms
OF its rule Of Jun 10, 1904. The petitioners
declared that the board exercised arbitrary
power in promulgating an order denying
the recognition Of school fraternities and
other so-called secret societies and with
holding from members certain privileges
granted to other students.
After argument for a short time the case
was sent over until next week, the Board
OF Education in the meantime agreeing
to suspend the rule for the football game.
The four boys who figured in the introduc-
ton OF the injunction into interscholastic
football are SAMUEL HALE, EVERETT
PArcHEN, WoLCorr STANTON and EBERLE
L. WILSON. Young WILSON'S father Is a
lawyer and he was counsel for the boys.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1906-12-01
roo BUsY ron FRIENDSHIP.
Manhattan Men Of Amsirs TOE Much
EngrOssed by Themr

To THE EDIToR OF The SUN-Sir: I do not
for a moment mean to imply that warm and
generous Friendships no longer exist. but I
would like to call attention to the -scantiness-
OF expressed friendships between business
men or Manhattan Island.
Fourteen or fifteen years ago IL was my
pleasure to practise medicine on Manhattan
Island. and since then I have made several
visits annually to the most constantly allur-
Ing city on this continent.
Matters have reached a point where q friend
cannot call on q friendly associate durtng onios
hours and feel assured Of being received with
any degree Of old time warmth and cordially.
The friendly caller appears like an tntruder.
For IN years ! have lived up State. and
during the last few years when l have gone
to New York city ! have learned not 70
call on my friends during once hours. for the
reason that the short time they spend In their
ofioes they arc so surohsr ged with the stranu-
Gus life that no interruption Of any kind 10
desired.
After leaving their offces for the day many
Of them travel long distances to reach home.
and on reaching home they are tired and do
not care to see associates there. and later
In the evening they have social Engage
ments which. as q rule. do not take the up
state hayseed~ friend into consideration.
am not complaining about this condition
OF Affairs; am describing. briefly and crudely.
the best I can. Q fact. OF late when I have
had occasion to call on q business or profess
sional friend In New York city. perhaps abou
some really important matter. I have found
his anteroom generally nlled with q waiting
host. There used to be Q pleasant custom
that when Q physician sent his card In to q
brother physician he would % an lmme-
diate audience. II only for q moment:b but ! do
not believe that such q custom exists to-day
to any great extent. With other callers and
as . physician I AVE been forced to sit and
cool my heels In an snteroom for an hour or
more before l could have q word with my
friend in the hallway.
Such Q condition Of affairs is perhaps in
svitablc, and In my judgment It is due solely
to the strenuous life led by most New Workers.
. life that fails to take true old fashioned
friendship. into account.
IL this wise. and II not. can II be remedied1
SAWYER, November 20. UP-STArEB.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1906-12-01
A Truce Between Church and State
in France.

Although the inventory Of Church
property, which was suspended during
the summer, has now been completed,
and although the date when the Separa-
ton law is supposed to become opera
tive is now close at hand, it is settled
that not a church will be closed, and that
the inventoried property will not for the
present, at all events, be turned over to
the communes to be used for secular
purposes. 1t follows that the appre-
hended collision between the Catholic
Church and the civil power in France has
been averted temporarily, and ii is prob
able that some method Of forming asso-
Citations at once legal and canonical
by which Church property can be taken
ove will eventually be devised. This
provisional solution Of a grave problem
seems acceptable 10 everybody in France
except to the Socialists, and to that sec
ton of the Radicals of which ex-Premier
CoMBEs is the leader.
The conciliatory intentions of the new
Ministry were set forth on the reassem-
bling of the Chamber of Deputies, in
speeches made by Premier CLEMENCEAU
and by NJ. BRAND, the Minister of Wor-
ship. The full text of these is now be-
fore us, and bears witness to a sharp
departure from the rancorous and pro-
vocative spirit of the Combes Cabinet, by
which the Separation law was passed.
NJ. BRAND, whose province it was to
l.n poAno onansGaol1xy NTH tha V,noffar
pointed out that as regards its capital
features the Separation law was already
in force. Not only had the Concordat
been abolished and the budget of wor-
ship suppressed, but the Pope had re-
sumed his original right to nominate
French Government, and the Bishops
had twice met in plenary assembly, while
the existing clergy, for whom, as dis
tinguished from those ordained here
after, the State is willing to provide,
have put in applications for pensions
and allowances.
NJ. BRAND went on to assert that by
the declaration Of neutrality with refer
ence to religion which il contained in
the Separation law the civil power had
not put itself in opposition to the Church
or declared war upon it. He freely con-
coded, also, that the Pope and French
Catholics by their refusal to form the
associations for worship defined by
statute could not be considered to have
raised the standard Of revolt against the
law or the republic. They had simply
chosen to forego certain privileges Of
fered by the law on condition that such
special associations should be formed.
M. BRAND went on TO say that, recog-
nizing these facts, the Government
would, at any rate for a time, leave the
churches open to those Catholic laymen
and clergy who, following the example
set in the archdiocese Of Bordeaux,
should determine to maintain public
worship on the basis Of the common
law Of 1881. NJ. BRAND added that
while the Prime Minister has said we
shall not close a single church." he had
not said that at a given moment IL would
not be right to do so II necessary. In a
word, the Cabinet intended to act accord
Ing to the necessities Of the situation,
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1906-12-01
Passing Of the Crossroads store.

FT0W NC 81. IoutS PON-DISpdIcH,
The crossroads store in the Southwest is becom-
ing extinct. The village store Is doomed. The
small town is becoming smaller. and the large town
is growing larger. The csusef The multiplying
mileage OF interurban electric lines. rural delivery.
mail order houses, good roads, bicycles, telephones.
This extraordinary result Of progress toward cos
mopoIitanism In the United States is apparent In
the more thickly settled States. but the whole
Southwest is undergoing the change. The differ.
ence In the characteristics OF country folk and city
people is becoming less marked hereabout each
~yesr-the tendency is to become more alike. with
a consequent lessenIng OF prejudices. q broader
intelligence, a higher patriotism. and a closer social
knitting.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1906-12-01
............. $50. 1851
he chief items in the product of each year were:

The most striking feature OF the census reports is
the enormous increase In the manufacture OF In
candescent lamps.
Another prominent feature is the increase Of
1900 in the number OF electric motors manu-
featured for power purposes. There was a de-
crease from 1924 TO II. 29s in railway motors, but
an increase from 5000 to 7o,s77 in direct and
alternating motors. Those for automobiles de-
creased from 9,Ol7 TO 1919. but electric fans in
creased from e7.577 TO l02, 535. For electric ele-
vators 1883 motors we're made IN 1904.
A further notable feature is the Increase Of moro
than IS, 100000 in telephone apparatus. while there
was a decrease Of 100000 In telegraph apparatus.
The telephone is decidedly cutting into the field OF
the telegraph.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1906-12-01
Cost OF Living In Alaska.

FTOW We WdsHIHuTOH PON.
Living In the coast towns OF Alaska Is lust about
as expensive as II Is in Washington. not any more,
but in Nome or Fairbanks It is about double said
Governor II. p. Hagvart OF Alaska. 1T does not
pay TO truck extensively. but the ordinary veRe-
tables are grown there In the summer for domestic
use, and families manage to live as comfortably as
In many OF the States. Alaska is about twelve
times as big as Pennsylvania. and many times
larger than Texas. and we only have about 10000
Inhabitants, but last year the 1000 Inhabitants
produced $50. 900, 1000. OF about 81 900 for every man.
woman and child. Can any State in the Union
heat THAR"
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1906-12-01
Exports OF Domestic Products.

Our total exports Of domestic products last month
were the largest for any October In our commercial
history. BY domestic products Is meant bread
stuffs, meat and dairy products, cattle. hogs and
sheep. raw cotton and mineral oil. The total value
was sos. TT2.2ts. as compared with se ia. os7 for
October. 1908. an increase OF more than s22, 000. 900.
The total this October was also an increase OF s14.-
900. 900 over October, 1904. and 5000. 900 over octo-
Der. 1908.
For the ten months ended October Of each year
beginning with 1909 the exports OF such products
were:
Ten months. Value. Ten months. Value.
1907. ..,....... eS7i. 0s4. 4l0l 1905. .......,. 500 .22s. O70
lso8........... $50. $50 $50 1905. ......... os2 .a46. Ssl
1904. ..,.,,..., $50. A01 ,740l
This gives for 1909. ten months, an increase OF
very nearly sll2. 900. 900 over 1909. ten months:
81, 400 900 over 1908. ten months: 3i23. 900, 900 over
1904, ten months. and nearly SIS. O00.0 900 over 1905.
ten months.
Now compare the named periods OF ten months
each by articles:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1906-12-01

The Hon. CHARLES z. TOWNSEND OF Jack
son, Mich, and he Esoh-Townsend bill is
more lenient toward railroads than becomes
a rue friend Of the Peepul. He says that
they should be allowed to make money.
10 a a fair rate Of interest on the actual
investment or course, his idea Of a fair
rate OF interest would not coincide with that
Of the railroad managers, but the concession
that railroads should have the right to earn
money is a weakness a little surprising, in
so robust q statesman.