davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1906-12-25
FAcrs ABOUT rHE volcE.

People who aspire to be either public
speakers or. singers should learn one
or two simple facts in the physiology
of the organs of voice. The range OF
the singing voice is seldom more than
two and a half octaves, and for diff
ferent voices this is in different parts
of the musical scale.
When one is singing, and attempts to
sing more loudly by directing attention
to the throat one only raises the pitch
The tighter the vocal chords are made
the higher is the pitch. but loudness
depends on the work done by the lungs
that is. On the blast or air sent out.
Hence. a deep breath makes (when
breathed out) a loud voice, but q
strained throat makes a Shrek
Careful speakers make the lungs
work and spare the throat. In fact.
for voice to be loud it is essential
that the chords be not stretched.
One very foolish thing that some
people do is to change the singing
voice to a faIsetto That voice Is apt
to come back when one does not want
it. BY the way, although every one
knows that we speak and sing with the
outgoing breath, every one does not
know that ventriloquist speaks with
the indrawn breath.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1906-12-25
TEAcHINc COURAGE.

Every one likes to be courageous.
They not only desire that others shall
think them brave: they also wish to be
valiant, for that good quality will GER
tafnly prove valuable at some time or
other
A distinction must be drawn between
confidence and courage. For instance.
a child may pass through a terrible
ordeal without flinching if~it has moth
er by its side and has been taught to
have faith in her power to shield from
harm. That is not real courage. Again,
if a grownup person is absolutely con-
fident that he can do a certain ex-
ceedingly dangerous action the ques-
ton of courage becomes problematical.
Courage comes in when we can esti-
mate coolly the chances of going
through an ordeal, recognizing that
success is not undeniably sure, and
then boldly undertaking the task
That is the kind of quality which we
want to inculcate Is 1t possible to in
still courage. to teach it as thoroughly
as, for instance, the manipulation of
the typewriter2
1t may seem a queer thing to say.
but keen students of human nature as
sert that bravery depends upon ap-
parently trivial circumstances. A man.
says one authority is likely to be more
brave after dinner than before IT. and
that difference is not due to his having
inbibed what is called Dutch cour-
age"-in other words. drink The food
is required by the stomach; the inner
man having been satisfied, the owner
grows more valiant
Curiosities Of courage may be found
in other directions. Women have
shown. splendid bravery. and yet have
been frightened almost to death by a
black beetle. 1t is often told of Lord
Roberts that he is afraid of cats
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1906-12-25

house on the old historical lie de Saint
Louis, behind the cathedral of Notre
Dame.
He still rises at 4 in the morning
goes to his desk to work and writes
till the clock strikes the noon hour
He looks as if he were one of those
happy, sound sleepers and as if moth
ing could trouble him in this mundane
sphere. He spends his summers at the
seashore or in some retired country
place. He passed last summer in Bar
bizon and became well acquainted with
NJ and Nine. Francois Millet. Fran
co.'s Millet Is the only Surviving son of
the great painter of 1.-THE Angelus" and
is himself a painter of some note. Nine.
Millet is an American. Theodore Til
ton celebrated the SEVENTEEN anniver-
sary of his birthday in Barbizon last
fall. NJ. and Nine. Millet gave to him
birthday dinner and on the table
was the birthday cake. surrounded by
seventy lighted candles. The poet
looks as if he could easily live to be a
hundred.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1906-12-25

washington chose Jefferson for his
first secretary of state. When Jeffer-
son became chief executive he lost no
time in securing the services of his
capable fellow Virginian, James Madi-
i son. Monroe offered the position to
John Quincy Adams as a consolation
prize and jackson extended the same
courtesy to Van Buren,. Then there
were no more secretaries who after
ward became president until the ad-
ministration of Polk, who appointed
Buchanan to the department of state
And Buchanan was the last secretary
of state who ever became president
There was plenty of first class presi-
Dental timber among those who fol-
lowed, but none of them succeeded in
reaching the goal. Many of them were
candidates, some of them more than
once. Henry Clay, Daniel Webster,
John c. Calhoun, Edward Everett,
Lewis Cass, William H. Seward, Thorn
as F. Bayard, James G.. Blaine-what a
galaxy of intellect
No secretary of the treasury ever be-
came president of the United States.
Some of them seemed to be bilIeted for
the supreme honor, but it was not so
ordained. u. S Grant was the only
president who had held the Office of
secretary of war. although Jefferson
Davis was Franklin Pierce's head of
that department
And these are the only presidents
who were cabinet ministers. Grant.
in 1867, who held the office for a few
months during the administration of
Andrew johnson, was the last.
GEORGE H. PICARD
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1906-12-25

1900. having been appointed United
States ambassador to Italy in that
year. He was afterward transferred
to the Russian mission He is an es-
pecial friend of Mr.. Roosevelt, and his
appointment to a cabinet position is
due to the presidents desire to have
him within companionable distance.
Mr. Meyer is a Bostonian, was gradu-
ated from Harvard a year in advance
of the president and is a man of large
means.
Oscar S. Straus, the new secretary of
commerce and labor, is also a diplo-
mat, having been minister to Turkey
from 1854 to 1889 and again from 1897
to 1900. He was born iH Georgia in
1850, is an alumnUs of Columbia and
has had degrees from several Ameri
can institutions. Mr.. Straus is also
a philanthropist, a lawyer of repute, a
successful merchant, an author of con-
siderable note and a member of a host
of exclusive societies and clubs. He
has the distinction of being the first
Hebrew to become a cabinet official.
Secretaries Taft and Root remain I'M
disturbed in their departments of war
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1906-12-25
A LApANEsE woNnER.

At Nishima, in Japan, there is Won
derful castle possessing gold lined
well. which affords the garrison an
abundant water supply Not only does
gold line the well. but it is also fash
toned into two great golden dolphins
which glitter on the castle roof. These
dolphins are centuries old. and one OK
them was once taken down and sent
for exhibition to Vienna as rare ex-
ample of antique Japanese craftsman
ship The fate of Cleopatra's needle
befell the dolphin, as the ship on which
it was sank, and the ornament re-
manned for many years at the bottom
of the sea- Numerous attempts were
made to raise it. and at last one was
successful, and the golden dolphin was
reinstated in it's original place, never
lit is to be presumed) to leave it again
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1906-12-25

Convince me-" sneered the other,
folding his arms anG assuming an at
titude of skepticaI resignation.
I'll do it-voila!" He turned to the
phone at his elbow and rang up the
art department on the sky floor. "Mr.
MicheIangeIo in? oh, that you, Mike :?
Mike, I want you to do me i favor-no,
no. not money this time. 1 want a
Santa Claus symposium-and it must
be impromptu.''
Better give him a liberal transia-
ton" advised the other sarcastically.
Mike isn't much of a inguist, you
know"
mo. Mike. it isn't a new beverage.
It's this-Iisten: Dante Burns and I
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1906-12-25

semblies. He is good lover of art
and never misses the opening day of a
picture exposition or a salon. He
walks along with a most serious ex-
preston until he meets a friend, and
then his face relaxes and his greeting
is most cordial. His words are uttered
slowly. but they always mean some
thing, and that is not faint praise in
times of nonsensica1 verbiages In the
beginning of his life in Paris. Theodore
Triton resided in an old fashioned
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1906-12-25

Illus n. Bliss as secretary Of the in
terror had given no intimation Of his
intention to retire before the conclusion
of his term in March.
OF course the present officers will
not be ousted by the mere fact Of con
frmation of their successors by the
senate The senate confirmation sim
ply gives the president the right TO
issue the commissions to the new men.
and not until a cabinet officer receives
his commission can he be a full fiedged
member of the administration So
that Mr.. Garfelds nomination and con-
firmation need not prevent Mr.. Hitch
cock from remaining until March if he
so desires
Mr.. Bonaparte has conducted the af-
fairs of the navy department with as
much success. as may be attained by
civilian, but he has always been de-
sirous of trying his hand at the man
agement of the governments legal
business, and he makes the shift with
great cheerfulness. Mr. Cortelyou has
made himself 50 necessary to the ad-
ministration that he is in position to
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1906-12-25

Both sides claimed unqualified vic
tory. The promoter of the scheme pro-
nounced the sketches to be nine dis
tinct species Of the genus Santa Claus.
The poet was just as positive that they
were all but variants from the original
stock.
At the conclusion of a discussion.
which brought them no nearer together
in the matter of the original conten-
ton. they agreed to refer the whole
business to the general public. that
impartial judge from whom there -
no appeal.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1906-12-25

the first and has developed statesman
like qualities of high order When
the new department of commerce and
labor was instituted, in 1903. he was
appointed commissioner of corpora
lions and has served in that capacity
until now. Mr.. Garfield was born at
Hiram, O.. in 1868. and is an alumnus
Of Williams college and also of the
Columbia Law school
George Won L. Meyer has been at
taehed to the diplomatic service since
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1906-12-25

No one, + owever, had any idea that the
appointments Of George B. Cortelyou
as secretary of the treasury George
Won L. Meyer as postmaster general
and James r. Garfield as secretary of
the interior would be announced at.
present. Leslie M. Shaw, the present
incumbent in the treasury office. has
threatened so often to retire that the
public had ceased to take him serious
~ Ethan A. Hitchcock, who is a
holdover from the first Mckinley ad-
ministration, having succeeded Corne-
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1906-12-25
DlsAPPEARINc- ALLIcAToRs-

The heavy demand for alligator skin
has been such that it is estimated that
from 1890 to 1900 100000 aIIigators
were killed in the state of Florida
alone. The result is that the alligator
is rapidly becoming extinct, and with
a view to keeping UP the supply H. /.
Campbell, the famous sportsman, has
established an alligator farm in Ar
kansas, where hundreds Of the san
rians. ranging in size from babies Just
hatched-scarcely longer than lizards
Ito fifteen feet patriarchs. 200 years
old, may be seen and purchased.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1906-12-25

and state. AS precedent srnashers
they have contributed powerfully to
the administration uniqueness- Both
of them have done what no other cabi-
net member ever believed to be posi-
BILE. Both of them have undertaken
personal missions of state to foreign
countries and have brought them to a
successful conclusion
In the early days of the republic a
cabinet position was regarded as a
stepping stone toward the presidency.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1906-12-25

for he had conformed to it on former
occasions. It was not because the case
was urgent. To suspect the president
Of any Interior motive was equally IN
tenable. There was little cause to re-
gard it as an executive joke. What
was it2
It furnished the minority an oppor-
tunity to say some rather witty things,
and the majority not only laughed
when the laugh came in. but contribut-
ed to the entertainment. The senate
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1906-12-25

make hissown selection OF a cabinet po-
sition. He has served a long and try
ing apprenticeship at Washington
having been head of the department of
commerce and postmaster general in
which office he is succeeded by George
Won L. Meyer.
Messrs. Meyer. straus and Garfield
furnish the new blood for the cabinet
The last. however. James r. Garfield,
son Of the murdered ex-president, is
not new to Washington. He has been
a protege of the administration from
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1906-12-25


might have confirmed the nominations
at once. but it didn't. 1t could at least
maintain its reputation for conserva-
tisn, and it did Because the president
had seen fit to violate precedent there
was no reason why the senate should
become his accomplice in such an I'M
heard of lapse from the traditional.
The nominations were held over. and
the dignity of the nations house Of
lords" was preserved for future use
fulness.
After adjournment the speculation
over the presidents action was carried
to the cloakrooms. In these safe and
coy retreats many unofficial reasons
were suggested and numerous With
cisms sprang into being
How do you like our kindergarten -
asked venerable minority humorist
of one Of his fellows who is high in
administration favor.
Immensely" was the reply. Il hope
you folks will improve your oppor-
tunities. You've lots to learn"
ITO unlearn, you mean How about
yourself? =? Are you prepared to turn
your back on the country's most sacred
traditions and begin again de novo2'
We'll; I don't object to a thing sim
ply because it's new was the guarded
reply
Not even to a third tern? ~ persist
ed his interrogation.
LAS an alternative-no. Better that
than to step down and OUT
The old wit shrugged his shoulders
with a dexterity that was almost Gal
lie.
1T is evident that you are an apt
pupil" he said.
T 1t was expected that the nomination
of Charles J. Bonaparte to be attorney
general, Victor Fl. Metcalf to be secre-
tary of the navy and Oscar S. Straus
to be secretary of commerce and labor
would be sent in early in the session.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1906-12-25

1.-The fact that / have done the
Christmas poem stunt with unfailfng
regularity ever since I was able to hold
a pen. The whole business is as stale
as-as Santa Claus
And what's the matter with Santa
CLAUSE"
sConsummate old humbug-not a
symptom of originality''-
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1906-12-25

to his contention, IF / were the poet
that you believe yourself to be 1 could
find the material for neat collec-
ton
stop right therel" the other inter
rupted briskly. That's the very point
that cIinches my argument
''What?" his fellow demanded help
Iessly.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1906-12-25

Hold" The optimist licked the
ashes from his cigar and laid it on the
edge CT his desk. Right there I take
issue with you. The Santa Claus con-
ception fairly bristles with originality.
There are no two persons in the round
world who have precisely the same idea
Of the personal appearance of the
saint
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1906-12-25

A * 4: $: :: {: !: : i: III ): n: -:
discussing the approaching
Christmas and its literature One of
them was of the opinion that Christmas
had been 50 overworked that exhaus-
tion was impending; that an endless
repetition had already begun.
The other was rather more optimistic.
He maintained that the Christmas
theme unlike most others, possessed
the power of renewing itself; that it
was endowed with unfailing inspira-
ton.
why. man." he declared, warming
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1906-12-25
THEODORE TILToN.

Theodore Tilton has resided in Paris
for many years and is among the well
and hearty. You can frequently see
his white head towering over the
crowds of Partisan and American as
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1906-12-25
eoop MArHEMArIcIANs.

In East Indian schools mental arith-
metic is a vastly more serious matter
than it is in the schools of England
Pupils of ten years are taught to re-
member the multiplication table up to
40 times 40.
The Topeka state journal. [volume] (Topeka, Kansas) 1892-1980, 1906-12-25

are having an argument over Santa
Claus. He says there's only one of him
that everybody's Santa Claus is alike.
Now, Mike, 1 want you to show him his
mistake. Call in half a dozen or more
of your artists and without a hint of
your own have each of them sketch off
hand a picture of Santa Claus as he
believes him to be. When each man
has finished let him sign his name to
his sketch and give it to you. When
they are all in send them down to me.
Now get busy at this, Mike, and Well
reciprocate in kind.
Anything in it? Well, hoffman
ciaIly. that is. Lots of glory. though.
The sketches will be punched and will
go into the paper. I'll see to that If
that isn't enough, Burns II turn you
out an up to date obituary sonnet for
your personal use. Be careful to have
the performance entirely impromptu.
How much time will we allow you
How much do you want? All right,
make it half an hour. if you will guar
antee mo protection from Burns, whose
attitude is threatening"
This is the way it happened, and the
accompanying artistic symposium is
the result. In half an hour Mr.. Mi
chelangelo sent the sketches-there
were nine-to the editorial room.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1906-09-27
*%%++%%%++&@*@*4+%+4+4+%+%

The foregoing official call for mass
convention Of labor men was issued yes
terday The committee was appointed by
the Federation of Labor some time ago.
The call is for the real labor men of Salt
| Lake county. The real leaders OF the
unions have repeatedly explained that the
attempt to deliver the labor vote to the
| Americans" was without authority of
| the federation. Ii was scarcely necessary
| for them 10 explain that they feel an
insult was offered them when the '.Ameri-
cans recognized as a representative man
4 able to deliver the entire vote one J. +.
| LaVery, who has been repudiated by his
union and who is now awaiting trial for
| embeZzlement. 1t is aimed to make this
convention representative Of the labor
\ element.
But there is trouble ahead for the hon
| est laboring men. Pat" Moran whom
the unions are fighting, and the mine
owners have contributed heavily TO the
! American campaign fund. This slush
| fund is u be spent freely in an effort to
control the convention.
As 1T is a mass convention, with no re-
StrictiOnS placed as to who shall take
part, the men handling this corruption
fund see a beautiful chance to pack the
gathering with their heelers. Men who
| have hitherto shown little interest i'm the
| cause of unonism will be sent there in
drOVes. And all the regular union men
who can be corrupted will be placed on
| the pay roll. 1t is the scheme to storm
the hail with hired agents, getting infiu-
| entail union men wherever possible, and
! try TO head off the labor ticket or to Sc
cure the endorsement of some OF the
candidates already named on the 'Ameri-
! can ticket.
The situation is worrying the "Ameri-
! cam leaders. The county committee dis
cussed it at meeting last evening Chair
man j. 81. Darmer presided, having just
which has been in session the greater
part of the day. The Americans fear
the consequences of their mistake in
| forming an alliance with LaVery with tho
! idea that the laboring men of Salt Lake
county were his chattels, to be bought
! and sold at Will.
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1906-09-27
NEW YORK DEMOCRATS
NOMINATE W.. R. HEARST
contlnued from Paae

the widespread distrust and discredit of
Republican rule which they had produced
and which have led many men of I'M
doubted pTobity and ardent patriotism to
listen patiently. if not approvingly, TO
proposals distinctly soeialistie, which, "
adopted, must inevitably break the
foundation of Republican government
and render the fabric of Christian civili-
zatiOn
1--WE hold that the cure for these abuses
is not in socialism, which by enor-
mously extending the power of govern
ment must aggravate them, but in De-
mocracy. which by excluding government
from any interference whatever with prI-
Yate industry must cure them
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1906-09-27
CASH NOT YET NEEDED.
American" Candidates Have
Pleasant Surprise at Meeting.

The American county committee held
a protracted session at the headquarters
in the Cullen hotel last evening. The
candidates met with them.
The candidates came with sorrow i'm
their hearts They had expected the
meeting would furnish occasion for the
first call to pungle They knew. further
more, that Chairman J. T.. Darmer would
be memorable when the call came. But
they followed orders and attended.
An agreeable surprise was sprung on
them. The meeting went on for some
duce," come through" dig" "cougn
up or the equivalent in any other Ian
guage. CThe word Of two men in attend
ance is taken for them.)
The meeting went on. General. gossip
of the campaign, methods of buying the
labor vote and kindred subjects were
taken up. But the chairman did not ask
for money.
And still the wonder grew.
FINELY one innocent candidate who had
brought some money with him and didn't
know what else TO do with il offered il to
Mr.. Darmer.
Never mind about that NOW" said
the chairman, with a naughty wave Of his
hand. but with emphasis on the now"
II have plenty of money to run FOR a
while he continued. Wait until The
finance committee is organized"
And there was more significant empha-
sis on the last sentence
The day of reckoning will probably come
next week
The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1906-09-27
HUGHES ACCEPTS
viii Confine His Canvass Absolutely
to the Platform.

New York, Sept 26-Charles e. Hughes
received the notification Of his nomin9-
ton Tor governor at his home in West
End avenue with his wife and two daugh-
tiers. The news came to him i'm the form
OF telephone message from the Asso-
ciated Press and a little later the con-
flrmation was found i'm an Official teIe-
gram from the convention itself Imme-
dlately he forwarded a formal message
OF acceptance through Senator Alfred II
Page Mr.. Hughes was content to allow
TINS message to be his only public utter
ance at this time on the subject of his
nomination, a message in which he
pointed out that he accepted without
pledge other than To do his duty accord
ing To his conscience, and i'm which he
declared that If elected il would be mis-
ambition to give "a sane. efficient and
honora BILE. administration, free from faint
or bossism, or Of serVitude''
he declined to discuss his candidadcy
or his probable attitude on the issues of
the campaign, but said that his public
statements during the canvass would be
confined absolutely to the platform. which
1t was expected would take up much of
his time. and to which he was prepared
1 TO apply himself.