davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-11-11

now remain standing cannot replace it's
historic treasures and ancient architec-
ture. New masonry can never inspire
the same enthusiasm as the hoary,
Weatherworn stones. No such ecclesias-
teal calamity has occurred in the Brit
ish isles since the great fire which de-
vastated the Minister at York three
quarters Of a century ago.
Selby Abbey was onet of the finest
specimens Of Norman architecture. in
the kingdom. It was founded in 1869
by William the Conqueror. William
and his queen visited Selby the year
following with the intention of arrang-
ing the endowments, and here, tradi-
ton affirms, their youngest son, after
wards Henry ]. Of England, was born.
Various successive kings added great
privileges to the abbey. and adorned
it with splendid buildings, until it be-
came one Of the most. famous ecclesi-
astical foundations Of the north. It's
great cruciform church, was built by
Hugh, sheriff of Yorkshire in the
twelfth century. 1t continued to grow
10 prosperity until Henry VII. fell out
with the pope and started in to plumber
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-11-11
WILLIAM HENRY MOODY

subject. I would limit the amount of
money that could be spent in the cleo
tion Of every candidate, from a city
councilman to the president of the
United States. And then I would COM
pei the publication Of all expenses,
even to the cost Of postage stamps. [
would make it unlawful for corpora
ton to contribute a cent to any party
OF any nominee: Corporations may
have a sincere interest in the result
Of an election, but their directors have
no, right to vote away the money Of
their stockholders. If they want to
give, let them go into their own peck
etsl and then let the names Of all con-
t. tf16 }ha ,scd be printed for the scrutiny
~ believe you came to the opinion
that the way to fight the trusts was to
stop. the railroads from giving them
special rates on freight and other ad-
vanta,ges not accorded to their competi-
~ thought it would help, in the eff.
fort to bring the trusts within the law
and fair practice. My own view is
that trusts and monopolies would never
fare Of this country if they had been
denied preferential treatment by the
railroads. The ink was scarcely dry
on the Elkins law when I came into
this office, Senator Philander c.. Knox,
my predecessor, had begun with vigor
and great intelligence the policy since
followed. There is always a man for
any work that needs to be DONE Wash
ington and Lincoln, in the mercy and
wisdom of Providence, first created and
then saved the republic. Grover
Cleveland maintained the integrity Of
,o1,4 he W. i
himself. William McKinley's renown
will rest upon his labors for protection
to American industry, and the wisdom
with which he managed the war with
Spain. Monopolies and monopolists
had been called harsh names, some
times vile names, by democrats and
republicans. When Theodore Roosevelt
came to the presidency he summoned
them to court. The country and the
occasion were ready; so was the man.
There was no abuse. There were no
frenzied shouts Of alarm. Mr.. Roose-
welt had the right man in the right
place at the right time in the person
of Knox, and together they began to
act. r So
~ was happy in the opportunity
which awaited me when I left the navy
and took the place I have. The rail
have ceased to give rebates anyway.
The statement was inconsistent, to- say
the least. After time [ concluded
that the railroads were right as to there
being law enough and wrong when they
declared that rebates had stopped. Sub
sequent, events confirmed my conclu-
sion.'' TX ~.
How many cases were brought
against the Railroads.&c.
u SVharo hoon - MI
brought against railroads, persons and
corporations under the Interstate com
merce law since Mr.. Roosevelt became
president, sixty-three of which were un-
der the Elkins act.''
Were there convictions9''
" Yes. Fines amounting to over
I $350,O00 have been levied, and in, two
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-11-11

returns show that instead of the ruinous
black eye, which they said the president
was giving them, the packers have rea-
lized far heavier trade than they have
ever before enjoyed. On only one line
Of their goods have they suffered any
falling off-canned meats-and this is
fully accounted for by the close of the
war in the far east.
The statistics are really quite start
ling. Thus the various ports report that
the meat and dairy exports for the
month of September of the present year
amounted in value to $16,008,270 while
September. 1905, only showed $12, 1884,
1913, and September. 1904, 81, 1884,, 1892.
For the first nine months of 1906 the
exports amounted to $147,795,647,
whereas during the same period Of the
very prosperous year of 1905 they Aere
only 1922, 544,3l4, and again for the
first nine months Of 1904 only $l09, $780,
SIG. It will thus be observed that in
spite of the meat inspection law. and
the startling revelations made by the
president g commissioners maybe on
account OF them-the meat and dairy
export trade Of the country gained
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-11-11
He Doesn't Call Trusts Names
but He Calls Them to Court.

instances sentences of Imprisonment
| were imposed. So far twenty three per-
sons and corporations have been con-
victed.'
SAT your suggestion the law was
changed SO that the courts might send
railroad officers to iail?" ~ :,
,."That is true. However, I do not
Intellectual method Of punishment. But
the world takes that view. WHAT
it asks, do the officers of railroad
care If they are made to pay 100000?
They have plenty of money They care
great deal. Usually, they are con-
asplcuousj men in business and society
and even the. church. They are called
into court, convicted of breaking the
law; and fined Ikea culprit before
are indifferent to such shame and to
such stigma. They wear, the brand
the rest Of their lives and are buried
better still. Imprisonment not onlv
makes the penalty more drastic, but it
satisfies public opinion and, better than
all, It is powerful deterrent. Conse-
quently was in favor oft, and asked
to haye it put back into the law =
.What have you done to the trusts9'
trust. the civil action succeeded, but
the criminal action was not a success.
The monopoly in print paper. which was
Plunderlngg the newspapers of the west,
has s, been destroyed, and prices have
fallen from 20 to 80 per cent. The ele-
vatof trust has been broken I'D, and
suits are pending against the monopo-
ICES In tobacco, sewer pipe, fertilizers,
drugs, and the bridge privileges over.
the Mississippi at st. Louis. Already
the price of fertilizers has been much
reduced in the south, and the tobacco
trust IS making concessions to independ
ent manufacturers. A trust has many
qualifications at times. The monopoIists
IN tobacco, for instance, got control of
all the licorice in the world. Licorice
IS an essential ingredient in plug to-
bacco and in some kinds of smoking
tobacco. The trust, by means Of an ap.
parent outside company. grabbed the
llcorice supply. When it discovered that
we had the facts, it. reduced the price
OF licorice 20 per cent and made con-
tracts with independent manufactur-
ers to treat them fairly in the future.
There were trusts also in Alaska and
laval We have put an end to them.
For some time we have been Investigate
ing the hard coal monopoly, and hope
for results in that direction
"Should there be other laws against
trusts?'' [- =... !
~ have a very undramatic sugges-
ton to; make, one, I fancy, that would
not appeal to the extremist. ! think it
would be well if each state in the union
would compel every business corpora on
to print, once a year at least, the names
of its shareholders. What good would
it do?s, Suppose--and this is a hypo-
zthetic illustration-that nearly all the
coal in this country was mined, sold.
and distributed by single corporation
masked under various aliases. Then
suppose there were state laws such as I
have suggested. It would soon be dis
covered that the coal company of Penn
sylvania, the mining company Of Min
nesota, the fuel company of Ohio, and SO
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-11-11
NORWEGIAN SCULPTOR RE-DsCOVERs A LON, LOST ART

slightest interest. 1 soon found that it
was futile to try to impress my views
upon others, and / therefore kept them
to myself,8tho i was PERFECTLY CON-
y!nced that a different material and
different methods had been Employed
by the ancients. / was positive, also,
that this lost, art was the principal rea-S
son for the. superiority of the earlier
Greek and Roman sculptOrs, SO much
the more as bad work from a bad hand
Of those times always had something
OF a grandeur and style unapproach-
able by the most skilful of the mod
erns. .g
s. This was in 1874. 1 mixed plaster
and clay in various ways, and expert
mented with wax and plasterine. When.
ever found new plastic material [
experimental with it on my statue, try
ing the effect Of light, but nothing
would give me the effect / sought. =
| Magelssen spent eight years in Rome
In 1877 he married beautiful Italian,
for he was then prosperous, and, with
commissions from visiting Norwegians,
Swedes and Danes, he had been able to
make comfortable living. Now, how
ever, hard times came upon him; there.
was dearth of foreign visitors to.
home and his commissions became
fewer and fewer, Finally, in 1879, he
went back to SChristiania with his wife
and two children. @ ], ~
Here his prospects did not improve,
and the fact that his mind was always
set on finding the material in which the
ancient sculptCrs worked was not cal
culated to further them. Continual ex-
perlmenting took all the money. he could
earn, and he seldom finished a commits
sion because he became dissatisfied with
his work and destroyed it. Matters
went from bad to. worse. The people
lost faith in a sculptor who broke up
the statues he made, and they laughed
at him for crazy man in persisting in
his search for lost art. Magelssen
says he cannot understand today how
he kept life in his family and himself
during those trying times. '.
. However, altho Magelssen and his
family suffered many privations, he
managed to keep, a roof over their
Then piece Of good fortune came to
him, for he made a practical invention
which brought him in sufficient revenue
to support his family. .s.y.
After having devoted the best part
OF tWenty-seven years to the search for
the lost art Magelssen began to despair
and he would have discontinued his ex-
perlments had he not been dissuaded
by his wife. It was just at this time,
Magelssen says, that he seemed to hear
a voice crying in his ear night and day,
"What is clay9 What is clay?" The
elements of common clay are approx
mately one-ffth aluminia, one-ffth sill
cate and one-ffth water, with lime,
magnesia and oxide of iron otter pres:
ent as impurities. '.
Then Came the Idea.
E; The idea came to him to powder
stone for the silicate and combine it
with the other elements to make an ar
tifcial clay. His first experiment
showed him that he was on the right
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-11-11

altho it had been accorded him in the
British Museum. He read a paper on
his discovery before the Circolo Arts
tico, whose membership. Comprises the
aristocraey of the art world turnout
Europe, and he was given congratu-
latory banquet by the Sculptor's So
e ,sa1s and leading newspapers, the Po-.
Giornale d'Italia, sounded his praises
and congratulated the fraternity of
sculptors that since the discovery of
the lost art it will no longer be neces-
sary to cast in plaster.
Artists and curators Of art were
alike IN their recognition of the value
Of his discovery. First Secretary
Korte, of the Imperial German Archeol-
ogical Institute in Rome, wrote to him:
In the first place, it is possible by
means of the clay found by you to pro-
duce hollow objects of any shape and
size. You build them over core which
is destroyed by the burning process
(wooden shavings or the like), and then
merely burn them in the oven with the
necessary holes for the gas to escape.
This is exactly the process which the
anclents must have used for their terra
Gotta works. In the second place, iron
rods can be placed in the statuary made
OF your clay without the clay cracking
thru the expansion Of the iron during
the heating or its contracting during
the cooling process Thus it will be
possible to shape large statuary with
the interior iron support necessary for
their stability and to burn them in a
sufficiently, large oven.
Neither the one thing nor the other
is possible with the usual clay, which
would burst.
al 4
you has the same qualities as the one
mat IN ancient times was used for hol-
low statuary. Also outwardly, in color
and quality particularly as far as con-
Germs the numerous mica particles
mixed 1n), your samples show strik-
ing similarity with the antique terra
Gotta.
| 50 congratulate you heartily upon
your invention, which will be of espe-
cal Importance for the modern artistic
| clay plastique.'
acknowledgement of the Importance of
his discovery to Magelssen, to which
Hasselblns had added the following
line, 81 fully agree with what Profess
| sor Bison has stated above.'
| Bison wrote:-Mr Magelssen has in
vented new modelling material. 1t
resembles clay, but has the invaluable
quality of not contracting when it
dries. Thus it is possible to leave a
figure standing with it's iron skeleton
| without watering it, and yet it will not
crack. If one wishes to begin working
| again, this new mass can easily be soft
| ened. -.---
| ''The most remarkable thing about it
| is that it will be possible to have the
figure. burned with the iron skeleton
standing, without it's being in any way
damaged. It is, therefore, my convic-
will be Of extraordinary Importance for
soul ptors, as we'll as for all clay in
dustry." -.
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-11-11
An incident occurred while Magel.

An incident occurred while Magel-
ssen was Inspecting the Greek and Ro-
man antiquities in the British Museum
with. Director Smith that was lunex-
pected collateral evidence in support of
the theory that the classical sculptors
made their own clay. Under a case was
hollow terra Gotta shell, or tube, tive.
or three inches long.
What is that?' Magelssen asked.
don't KNOW replied Smith.
Similar shells are found in consider
able numbers in Greek and Roman ex
cavatlons, but we have never been able
to learn to what use they were put.
= have one like it in my pocket
said the Norwegian, and produced it.
1T is a bit Of my clay that ] tested
by pressing it about piece Of wood
and then putting it in the fire and burn
ing the wood out What is more prob
able than that the shells found in the
excavations are the relics Of similar
tests made by the ancientsa The sculp-
tors made patches of clay, tested the
stuff by burning it over wood, as | did
this piece; and, finding that it fred
satisfactorily, threw the pieces away,
AS additional proof that the ancient
sculptofs made their own clay Magels-
sen points to the famous Tanagra stat
uettes.
"Of the thousands Of these,v he
says, you will find scarcely more than
i've or six that are exactly alike in
color or substance. They vary from
hight yellow to dark red in color, and
In hardness from substance that may
be marked with, the finger nails to that
OF marble. These conditions the British
Museum authorities believed to be due
to difference of temperature in firing,
but my clay proves that variation in
color and III degree Of hardness may be
| obtained even when different clay is
burned at the same temperature. Some
slllcates fire hard and some soft, and
this condition, as well as the color, de-
ponds on the stone used in making the
silicate. /"
Before Magelssen returned from Lon
| don information of his reception by the
authorities of the British Museum had
reached Christlania, and he was asked
by the society of sciences to lecture on
his discovery in the university. He did
50 and was treated by the press and pub
lie with great respect, tho the munich
pal government that had pulled down
| his house and studio because he was be-
lieved to be crazy in his search for the
lost art art offered him no redress for
that outrage.
; Soon after his return to Christiania
| Mageissen received an invitation from
| the director Of the Capital Museum at
Rome, who had learned of his discov-
cry as exhibited at the British Museum,
to visit that institution. 1t was not
until this summer, however, that he was
| able to accept the invitation.
| In Rome Magelssen received the
recognition due to his services on be-
half Of the fine arts. He was given ac-
cess to the various museums and per-
mitted to take from their pedestals or
the exhibits for further proofs Of the
genuineness of his discovery-a priv
lege never hitherto granted in Rome,
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-11-11

track, but altho he was able to make
modelling stuff that sculptors admit
ted was superior to common clay and
that would stand drying on iron or
wood, it .crumbled when subjected to
heat. After three more years Of ex-
pertinent, however, he obtained com
plete results, and Scandinavia gave
back b to the world an art that southern
Europe had discovered and lost more
than twenty-five centuries before.
Magelssen first exhibited his discov-
cry at the British Museum in 1894 and,
on June "a that year Cecil Smith, di-
rector of the department of Greek and
Roman antiquities, wrote to him, with
true British conservatism, as follows:
- In two respects you appear to me
to have made highly important discov-
cries: First, with regard to the clay
Employed the specimens which you
have, shown me Of your artificial clay
in its elasticity, its gnon-liability to
shrink shrink = Of. crack under firing at high
temperature, combined with great plas;;
ITCHY, certainly represent material
which, to me at least, was hitherto en-
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-11-11

tirely unknown; indeed, I should not
have thought such combination of
qualities possible to attain in clay. If
the Greek modellers were Gas is posi-
bie).. acquainted with this artificial
clay it would help to explain in some
measure their extraordinary dexterity.
sSecondly, as regards the building
up of the design, especially of large
terra Gotta figures. IF a material ex-
lists such as you claim to have discov-
cred, which can be found to answer all
requirements Of a core, which will be
plastic and strong, and yet will burn
out under firing, that seems to me an
ideal material for a modeller Of hollow
terra Gotta work and one which think
was hitherto entirely unknown.
From what you tell me, the traces
which l have remarked on the interior
OF Greek terra Gotta seem to prove that
you have rediscovered in this material
what the Greeks knew-and l must al
low that it. is difficult on any other
theory to explain the process Of the
Greek modeller Of terra Gotta statues
and statuettes.' "
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-11-11
The Doughty Attorney General Who
Is Destined for the Supreme Bench.

one Of the organizers Of the Free-Soil
party, and author Of 1.-TWO Years Before
the Mast I was hoy and he an old
man, and so the relations between us
were not intimate, but ] profted i'm
mensely by my contact with him. It
IS always well to get near to man of
genius, even if he never speaks to you.
The very air in which you live is an in
SEPARATION. You can't analyze it, nor
ssaat sat iaay describe it in words, but
the influence of strong character,
altho he may be dumb as Parsee IS
tower OF silence, is great, and contin-,
ues with you so long as you ive.'
tice9'
HIn Haverhill, where I shared an
office. with another young lawyer NY
first fee was ST.. A man whom I knew
met me on the street and asked me an
easy question. I suppose I looked very
wise. and grave when gave him my
paid me on the spot without SO much as
dlgnifying, me with the privilege of fix.
ing the price. The dollar looked rather
large, must admit. But clients didn It
Iostle each other in climbing the stairs
to my office. However. I was busy.
Every little case 7 got was studied
back to the foundation Of both law and
proceed ent, and learned much that has
since been useful. The first year at
haverhill l earned 5000, not enough to
pay rent and other expenses. My fees
were $500 the second year. The third
year [ made $1,000, net. Thereafter,
my income grew steadily until I cot
into politics and came to congress-
Had you expected to take up poll
tics as a career?':
AT no time. I was elected a men,
Der of the republican campaign COM
mittee in my city, and later was made
chairman. General Benjamin F. But
ler, ran for p gevern3r, and we had an
to. another, until was elected district,
or prosecuting attorney. I held that
office six years, and 1t was the best
single experience of my life. Congress
is full Of lawyers who have served as
prosecuting attorneys. That kind of
practice to lawyer is what surgeon
gets in hospital You have no client
at your elbow to make suggestions and
to expect a verdict when you are not
entitled to it, You follow your own
course and learn readiness, thoroness,
and the value of TRUTH
you helped to try the case against
Lizzie Borden9'' :,
4" Yes; I was called into it, altho it
was not in my district. I suppose that
case was more fully reported in the
newspapers of this country than any
other in the history Of American Grim
inal practice. No further light has
been thrown upon the murder of An
drew j. Borden than was brought out
at the time of the trial. The mystery
Of fourteen years ago is unbroken to
this day. = - -
''Ycu sent several Haverhill alder
men to jail?'
In Massachusetts, licenses to liquor
dealers are apportioned on the basis Of
population. Accordingly, they are val
liable. A wholesale whisky merchant
in Boston and his local agent in our
town made an arrangement with GER
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1906-11-11
~ KRISTEN DAAE MlAt3ELS-
Sen is one. of those whom we

60 KRISTEN DAlAE MAGELs.
Sen is one. of those whom we
call benefactors. He is an
honor to his people," writes Biorn-
staerne, Bjornson, whose opinion of man.
and things Norwegian carries more
or out of Norway, of a fellow country
man who is at present in America.
The fame of Magelssen, a sculptor,
whose work is well known thruout Scan
dinavia and who has received the gold
medal of the Paris salon, will not long
be confined to Norway, however, says
the New York Herald His name is
destined to live always in the annals OF
the fine arts; for, after thirty. years OF
arduous toll, always under the shadow
OF poverty that was embittered by the
ridicule and even the contempt of his
townspeople, he has rediscovered an art
that had been lost for more than $500
Years.
Magelssen s discovery is the process
for making a clay such as was used by
the ancient Greek and Roman sculptors,
that can be fred at high temperature
without cracking or shrinking, and
whereby a statue may be constructed
over IN iro'! or w 'hden skeleton from
which the artist may transfer it to mar
bic or take modellings direct for bronze
without the use of plaster. 80. -,
This discovery is of great archeologi-
cal interest also. since it proves def
nitely that at the highest period Of
ancient art the sculptor used a manu-
featured clay, instead of the natural
ebay employed for the last twenty-five
centuries.
The genuincness Of Magelssen's dis
covery is attested by, among Others,
such authorities as Cecil Smith, director
of the department Of Greek and Roman
antiquities III the British Museum;
Frederico Hermanini director of the
Royal National Museum in Rome; G.
Korte, irst secretary of the. Imperial
German Archaeological Institute in
Rome; the Danish sculptors Bison and
Hasselbins, the Italian sculptors Giug-
lielmi and Monteverdi and the Amer
lean sculptor, Franklin Simmons, now
residing in Rome. These authorities
agree that the Norwegian's discovery
is destined to- revolutionize the present
methods Of sculpture and to revive the
process by which the ancients made