New-York tribune., 1906-12-31
HONOR FOR MR.. BRYCE
Elected President of american Pc
HticaI Science association.

elected president of the American Political Science
Association at its business meeting to-day to sue
ceed Frederick n. Judson of St Louis Other off.
GERS elected First vice president Professor S.
B. Hart, Harvard; second vcepresident, Professor
| II. A. Garfield Princeton: third vice president
! Professor Paul s. Reinsch, Wisconsin; secretary
and treasurer Professor w. W. Willoughby, Johns
| Hopkins
Professor Henry Farnun, of Yale was elected
| president the American Society for Factory
| Legislation Professor John R. Commons. of Wis
consin. elected secretary ard Lucien +. Hanks
! of Madison, treasurer
The American Historical Association elected the
! following officers President Professor George B.
| Adams. Yale; vice-president, Professor Albert
! Bushnell Hart, Harvard; second vice-president
| Professor Frederick j. Turner Wisconsin,: secre-
| tary, Professor \. Howard Clark Washington
corresponding secretary, Professor Charles H. Has
| kins, Harvard; treasurer, Professor Clarence W.
| Bowen, New York.
| Al the joint session of the American Economic
Association and the Association for Labor IIegisa-
ton to-day, Professor Henry r. Seager, of Column
| bia University, outlined a programme of social
legislation. with special reference to wage earners
| He said, in part:
In the field of social legislation the United States
The ENDS to be- aimed at in any 9 hroPe e
o. To protect Tage earnerS in the continued
already accustomed and ~ TO assist them TO at
The principal contingencies which threaten stand
ards OF living already acquired are industrial acci
death and unemployment. These contingencies are
o IN " b by
they entail, in the absence of any special provision
lies which suffer from them and only too often re-
and self-respect 10 of humiliation and ineffi-
cheney destroying social dependency
from this situation are suggested: Adequate in,
dennitieation must be sought along the line Of
the e expense OF the employer tthe British systcm)
SYSTEM. The former seems to accord better with
American ideas and traditions Provision against
must must be sought either in compulsory illness insur-
anC ance & or IN sT2sqes s and state directed sick nsur
OF such clubs in organized trades The latter
invaiidty and old age may be thromgb rornnf,Isnry
sions The latter. though more costly. believed
ture death may be provided against by an exten-
Gn 9 s n foP Of nas oT % the Tisms OF
iSing plan for providing against the evil of unem-
Supervising trade unions which pay out-of-worG
,b 5ehets to stimulate this eide Of their acviy
for the unemployed may also help TO alleviate the
If these concessions We're made to the demand of
social justice more drastic policy toward social
mEh ha9 ee SecB With II good % of con
tally and morally defective ''~''
The primary conditions essential to raising
make anerev and enternriss count P M f 10
higher earngs The p4ncipal IL e ioy whc Oh
social legislation may make to this end are be-
for future needs by providing safe investments for
savings measures protecting wage earners from
the debilitating effects Of unreguated compe-
uton, measures serving to bring within the reach
OF all opportunities for industrial training.
bank, like those of European countries If energy
earners must be protected from exhausting toll
employment Of children under fourteen ,ear oS Ct
in all gainful pursuits should be uniform through
There should he laws limiting the hours Of labor
should extend to eighteen years OF age in factory
There should be laws limiting the hours of labor
of women and regulating their work. with
chrery for efficient enforcement. And there should
appliances There is urgent need for comprehensive
pubc to take the pase Of the p train n
ing now given to children under fourteen. but to
hold those between fourteen and sixteen in school.
AS this need is supplied the period of compulsory
TIM may n eTfend d up to the
dustral trimming should be that II is the function
prepare children not only to lead useful well
earnings without which such lives impossible.
Professor Richard r Ely Of the University Of
Wisconsin. president Of the American Association
fo" Labor Legislation. spoke on Economic Theory
ana Labor Legislation" He said
An examination of modern theories of population
and wages reveals the existence of doctrine
In itself; and as matter Of fact ii would he diff
Economists Of the word ndaY he thne
economists would hold most of the proposals for
labor legislation impractcabe and even visionary:
that the other hand they agree with substantial
unanimty upon 4 large number OF proposed labor
laws
The economic grounds for labor legislation are re-
Vealod best when the subject is approached from
the viewpoint OF contract The economic bargain
considered PARTICULAR" in its legal aspect with
Fpect 10 UNDERLYING 'vcnomic causes
Contract is static. not dynailic. Through
tract the actually eyiStng cCOnOrC forces manifest
themselves with all their nequalities iniustces
Until recently ecr nomista were inclined to limit
regulation Of labor conditors. and especially hours
Of toll. To rhltfsn, young persons and women,
leaving adult free TO make their
tracts But experience has eaotPn conclusvelv that
position in The amor contract trn me other classes
mentioned. isreculated contract aoes not always
quontlv means bondage and desfadaton.
We must re- take the view of the state some
thing ey'errs.' steppinG In and interfering with
Iihert. actias is rather th' result of the CO.
Of toll and 20 enlarge their sphere Of economic
action.
LEGISLATION for aCnits &rd labor legislation for
women ard children cases must he Judged thev
arise their merits. Efficiency must he
present test.
At the session OF the American Sociological So
cety the subject rs Race Friction Between Whites
and Blacks Growing and Incvitable?" was consid-
cred by Professor Alfred H. Stone. of Washington ::
Professor W T. II. Dubois of Atlanta. and others
Before American Political Science Association
Professor Ernst Freund, of the University of Chi
cago delivered address 1.-THE Problem of In
telligent Legislation"
The American Association for Labor Legislation
also heard paper by Charles p Neill Labor Com
missioner ON The Employment of Children and
Women"