davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1906-07-20

"HREE conditions prevailing in
France in 1894 led to the ac
cusing and condemning of Cap
tain Alfred Dreyfus for treason
in the alleged selling of military Sc
the New York World
The first and underlying cause was
a violent agitation against Jews.
The second was the discovery that
somebody was furnishing information
about army plans to Colonel Schwarz-
koppen, the German military attache.
The third was the personal unpopu-
larity of Captain Dreyfus among his
associates of the general staff.
These things, combined with a ready
unscrupulOuSneSS on the part of GER
tain officers to manufacture evidence
TO bear out their prejudiced theories,
led to i concentration on the brilliant
Jewish officer, his accusation, his
quick trial and his deportation to a
horrible Imprisonment.
The mills of justice grind slowly,
but they grind sure. They have taken
twelve years to formally establish an
innocence In which the world at large
long has believed. If it is any salts
faction to the suffering man he can
look back upon the wreck of admins
trations and aspiring politicians, the
CONFUSION of the whole French nation
in violent disturbance, the disgrace OF
army officers of high rank and even
upon the corpseS OF suicides that strew
the path over which his cause cele-
bre' has slowly dragged to final vim
dication.
Two Heroes In the Cause.
Alongside Of Dreyfus, the martyr,
have stood two heroes whose names
deserve to be indelibly linked with the
love of truth and justice.
One Of them is Emile Zola. most
noted of modern French novelists,
now, alas, dead and unable to Join in
this final triumph. For simple love of
truth he dared to take up the cause of
n condemned man and defy govern
ment and army in his famous letter
beginning Il accuse For that he
was sentenced to heavy fine and i'm
prisonment and the loss of his Legion
OF Honor button. He fed into exile.
The other man is Colonel Picquart,
who sacrificed rank in the army, favor,
fortune, fought duels and suffered
months of Imprisonment because he
dared proclaim the guilt of his brother
officers in condemning an innocent
man. 1t was he who discovered the
Dreyfus and had the courage to stand |
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1906-07-20

1t at my diSposal for few days. lie
minister of war has Gi.;tributed a GER
tain number OF copies among the
troops. and the corps are held RESPONSE
BILE for them. Each officer holding a
copy is required TO return il after the
maneuYerS.
Therefore if you will CLEAN from ii
whatever interests you and let me
have it again as soon as possible | Will
manage TO obtain possession of il. I'M
less you would prefer that | have it
copied in eXtenso and send you the
copy. l am just starting for the ma
neuvers''
Searching For Author Of Letter.
General MERCER, minister Of war;
General BoisdefTre, chief of the general
staff: Colonel Sandherr. head of the in
telligenca department.: Major Henry,
his assistant. and other high officers
began a search to discover the author
OF this reasonable letter. They com
pared many handwritings ana finally
suspicion pointed TO Dreyfus, merely
because some of the writing resembled
his style
Dreyfus was not Il dashing army Of
ficer. He was more the brilliant stu
dent. He was Il Jew. He spoke with
a German accent. He had a naughty
demeanor and associated little with his
military companions. He was keen,
studious, exceedingly retentive in MEM
DRY. tremendous worker and exceed
ingly precise. More than this, he was
wealthy and rather too selfs colSflent.
mere was absolutely no CtIier evil
dence against Dreyfus than this SINH
larity in handwriting; but. blinded by
prejudice all the chiefs, from MERCER
down, were ready to pronounce him
guilty Immediately. More than this,
the INSCRIPTIONS Henry was ready to
secretly forge additional documents
whenever needed in emergency, and his
associate with the comic opera name
OF Major Du Patty de Clam Joined in
schemes Of inquisir1On.
1t was Patty de Clam who arrested
Dreyfus after getting him to write
sample letters through a subterfuge.
1t was Patty de Clam who conducted
the searches of papers and formulated
the evidence for the trial. He secured
the noted criminologist and expert Ber-
tillon to make comparisons OF hand
writing and decide that Dreyfus wrote
the original bordereau. But all the
scientific knowledge of the great Ber-
tillon and his handwriting tests in this
case are now thrown into the dust by
the revelations of simple truth.
1t cannot be said that there was a
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1906-07-20
ARCHAEOLOGICAL PUZZLE.
Noted 'Indian Altar stone" Destroy,
ed by a Farmer.

Noted "Indian Altar stone" Destroy,
ed by n Farmer.
The destruction with dynamite Of the
famous Indian altar stone" on the
farm of Joseph Horner, near Millsbor-
ough Pa, has created intense indigna-
ton among scientists, says a special
dispatch from Washington, Pa. to the
New York Times. Horner admits hav-
ing blown the famous rock to pieces
and says he did II because parties were,
continually tramping over his farm to
look at II.
Tie altar, as IL was called. stood ON
top of a high hill on the Homer farm.
1t was covered with figures OF men,
animals, snakes and, strongest Of all,
figure of kangaroo. all chiseled in the
rock. 1t was discovered a few years
ago, and ever since the Horner farm
has been a Mecca for psychologists,
all of whom were. puzzled over the
kangaroo carving on the big rock.
Horner does not think he owes any
apology TO science for his act, but sim,
ply says it was on his own ground and
he could do as he pleased with It, He OBJ
jected TO its being there because people
who came to see II trampled down his
wheat
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1906-07-20

i, them telegraph to Cayenne and Il
| France for news of my dear ones
| There is no answer
MY days are interminable, every
minute Of every hour a long drawn ont
| WEAKNESS. l am incapable of any
considerable physical exertion. More
over, from 10 in the morning until :
| in the evening the heat makes IL trl
possible for me to go out. I cannot
work at my English all day lOng-my
brain will not stand it-and l have
nothing TO read.
"These sleepless nights are fearful.
l manage to get through the days be-
cause am occupied with the thousand
and one details of material life"
In 1899 the steadily working forces
OF truth and justice began to estab-
lsh his innocence.
In all European countries, especially
in bitterly hostile France and Ger
many, it was the custom for the d-plo-
matte embassies to spy out as many
military secrets as could be by brides,
stealing and lying. Each military at
tache had q retinue of Sneaking hire
lings to obtain plans of fortresses, new
arms and mobilization. In 1894 the
German attache in Paris was Colonel
Schwarzkoppen. He was buying infor-
nation although ambassadors were
mutually pledged to do nothing of this
kind The intelligence office of the
French army was keeping watch on
the German embassy TO discover its
sources of information.
The Famous "BOrdeTeau."
Nine. Bastien, a scrubwoman in the
embassy. was under pay of the intelli-
gence office to save all scraps of paper,
which were pieced together by Major
Henry. One day i'll the summer of
1894 she turned in piece of paper
which afterward became known as the
famous "bordereau." 1t was alleged
to have been found in Colonel SchwarZ-
koppen's wastebasket and read:
Being without information as to
whether you desire to see me, L send
you nevertheless, monsieur, some in
teresting information, viz:
"a note concerning the hydraulic
brake of the 100 and the way the gun
is managed. \ note upon the trOupes
de couverture; some notifications will
be carried out according to the new
plan. A note concerning modification
in the formations of artillery. \ note
relative TO Madagascar. The proposed
manuel de tir of the field artillery.
This document is exceedingly diff
cult to get hold of, and can only have
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1906-07-20
PAGES 9 TO IL.


preconceived conspiracy TO entrap ana
convict Dreyfus But when the sus-
picion against him arose the men in
the army staff who disliked him were
only too ready to condemn him.
Wave of Anti-Semitism.
The wave of anti-Semitism then agi-
tating France helped pile prejudice
upon his head. The army chiefs were
overjoyed that the traitor in their
midst had been Caught" Many OF
the Paris newspapers shrieked for ven
geance The victims conviction was
foregone conclusion. His family
tried hard TO save him and Dreyfus
valiantly maintained his Innocence, bur
to no purpose. The secret court mar
tial, on Dec. 20. 1894. condemned him
for life to Devils isle.
The German embassy was in an en-
barrassing position. 1t knew that
Dreyfus was not the officer with whom
dealings were had. but, being guilty
of seeking secret information, il could
say nothing. The most that could be
done was 10 publish semi-official notes
in newspapers that Germany had taken
no part in the affair. On the other
hand. the French army officers cOulG
not proclaim their source of Informal
ton. for that would reveal how tho
torn scraps of paper were stolen from
the embassy. So to Devils isle. Off tho
coast of South America, poor Dreyfus
was sent, and there he suffered tor
lures designed to quickly end his life.
In the meantime in France truth,
though crushed to earth, was rising
again.
The Dreyfus family began system
attic work in establishing the convict's
innocence. His brother, Mathew Drey-
fus, spared neither time nor money lin
the great undertaking. 1t was slow
and disappointing at first Everything
was hidden in the secret archives Of
the war department. The campaign
began with the rousing Of public opin-
ion, and within n year France began
to be torn by bitter controversy that
embroiled the government itself
In 1896 new man was at the head
of the intelligence Office i'm the person
Of Lieutenant Colonel Picquart one Of
the youngest and most brilliant men in
the army. One day the same Nine
Bastien, scrubwoman at the German
embassy, sent I'm some scraps of paper
which. pieced out, proved TO be a let
ter addressed 10 Major Esterhazy It
was in the handwriting of Colonel
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1906-07-20

A certain Irish officer responsible for
dog licenses had a system Of discover
ing his victims. He knocked at the
side door OF every house. and If dog
barxed he Immediately demanded that
the owner show his license. Every dog
must have his day. however. and one
day this collector reached the street
with his lower garments nearly intact.
''Bedad." he said, eying the victorious
terrier through the ratings. that's the
sort Of dog ike TO see out o. me
sicht"'
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1906-07-20
A "smoking Race,

An ingenious form of sport" is now
in vogue in Germany. says the St.
Louis Post-Dispatch. 1t is known al
a smoking race" and is said to have
grown very popular. Specially con-
structed pipes. possessing immense
bowls. are utilized, the size being iden-
teal for each competitor, and the to-
bacco is carefully weighed before 1t is
put therein. When the starter gives
the word the smokers. seated In cir
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1906-07-20
u. s. GIFT FOR NEW PRINCE.
Birth of Kaiser's Grandson on July 4
Suggests Action.

Birth of Faiser's Grandson on July 4
Suggests Action.
Because he had the good fortune to
be born on the Fourth of July the baby
of the crown prince of Germany is in
line for something handsome at the
hands of a bevy of patriotic American
girls. says Berlin special cable dis
patch to the New York Press. Miss
Nettie Spencer of the University of
Chicago, a prominent member of the
American Womenrs Club of Berlin, is
organizing among the members of the
American colony 4 movement to pre-
sent the crown princes heir a souvenir
especially commemorative of the fact
that he was born on Independence
day. Miss Spencer thinks that the
royal christening next month would be
an ideal occasion to show in this way
appreciation of the many overtures of
friendship and good will which the
kaiser has made toward the American
people in recent years. Such an act
would, she believes, insure for future
American colonies in Germany the
kindly interest of the present crown
prince when he becomes kaiser and
that of the newborn prince when he
in turn is called to the throne.
An amusing incident is said to have
developed through the zeal of the wire
less telegraph operators on the Baltic,
who, It is alleged, Informed the kaiser
twice within an hour the other day of
the arrival of . grandson. Until in
quiries had been made at Potsdam the
kaiser was under the impression that
he was the grandfather of twins.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1906-07-20

"See here" grumbled the inmate OF
murderers' row, "ain't there a law
against crool and unusual punish
ment?''
"Yes," answered the warden.
AN amt I ter be hanged next
week."
I'm afraid you are"
''Then what dyer mean by sendin'
me a bunch of story papers to read
that amt got nothin' but continued
stories in 'em ?''-Cleveland Leader.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1906-07-20
In the Theatrical. Market,

There is great scarcity of plays
nowadays that are suitable for ac-
tresses who, to put it mildly, are no
longer in the first flush OF their youth.
says Vanity Fair. What we want
said woman the other day, sis a part
for ladies whose hearts are still young,
but whose waists are verging on thir-
ty-two."
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1906-07-20
Hearxay Evidence,

See here, Jokely, I'm surprised to
find you writing such bitter, cynical
things about married life"
Benedict, you see, the fact
is-er"-
ooh, don't apologize. 1t isn't that.
What surprises me is how, not being
married. you know all these things
Boston Transcript.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1906-07-20
The New Army Riae

A new magazine rife will soon be
issued TO all of the infantry and cav
airy troops in the United States. The
bayonets have been manufactured, ana
the ordnance department now has on
hand large quantity of the new small
arm, which will be Immediately issued.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1906-07-20
A Craze Defined.

what do you mean by saying some
thing is the latest craze?" asked the
man from abroad who carries a note
book.
"a craze" answered Miss Cayenne,
'is something that amuses other peo-
pie, but in which you yourself do not
happen to be interested. Washington
Star.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1906-07-20

An example of presence of mind was
that of a woman who, being left alone
in the house one night, heard noise
in the dining room and knew that bur-
glars were removing the plate. She
was toe far from. any other house to
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1906-07-20

ia begin operations in the presence
of an interested assemblage of spec
tators and hackers. ;he man who
consumes his tobacco the quickest is,
of course declared the winner
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1906-07-20
TertfnR YarIi.h.

A testing apparatus for varnish, sup
plying needed standard, has been
brought out In Scotland by Professor
Baily and DIR. Laurie. 1t includes a
blunt steel point pressed down by q
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1906-07-20

The suuerIngs or an innocent man in
such circumstances can scarcely be i'm
agined. They are reflected in these
passages from his diary:
Until now have worshiped reason.
| lave believed there was logic in
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1906-07-20
HORTICULTURE.

Knicker-Does your wife have you
water the plants while she is away
Booker-Yes. just put them under the
place where the bathroom floor leaks
New York Sun.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1906-07-20

"Since 1 landed month ago 1 nave
remained locked in my pen, with
closed blinds. Several times l all but
went crazy. l had congestion of the
brain.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1906-07-20

Infngs ana events. 1 nave believed in
human justice. Anything that was ir-
rational and extravagant found diff
cult entrance into my brain. Oh, what
q breaking Down of all my heliefsi
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1906-07-20
He wa. Good.

Miss Askharn--And do you paint
nothing but animal pictures every day .!
Mr.. D'Auber-Well. on Fridays / paint
fish.--Cleyeland Leader. !,
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1906-07-20

spiral spring. and this point is drawn
over dry coat of the varnish on glass.
the pressure being increased until the
varnish is scratched. The pressure be-
ing known, a definite measure of the
toughness and hardness Of the varnish
Sc made available
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1906-07-20
GARCIA. singing Lesson.

Stories Of Manuel Garcia, the famous
centenarian musician, who died a few
days ago in London. are in order says
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1906-07-20

my wife and children. Yet 1 know
that since the 29th of March. nearly
three weeks ago, there have been let
tiers for me. at Cayenne. l have had
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1906-07-20

for the truth. He was cashiered in dis
grace. but the rehabilitation of the
chief sufferer brings about his reStora-
ton Without the discoveries made by
Colonel Picquart while chief of the in
telIigence bureau of the army it is
doubtful whether the innocence Of
Dreyfus ever could have been estab-
liShed.
Dreyfus Degraded.
At 8 o'clock in the morning of Jan. ),
1895, 5000 soldiers of the French army
were drawn up in the Champs de Mars
on the left bank of the Seine, in the
| city of Paris Between a file of men
Dreyfus, in uniform and carrying q
sword. was marched before General
Darras. The verdict OF the court mar
tial was read. An adjutant seized the
captains sword and broke it across his
knee Then the insignia of rank We're
stripped from the condemned mans
uniform, and the general pronounced
| the words of degradation.
viva la France" cried Dreyfus in
loud voice. "You have degraded an in
nocent man. l swear 1 am innocent"
| Around the square they marched him
to parade his ignominy. His last cry
| was:
Tell the whole of France that am
innocent"
For more than four years Dreyfus
was buried from the world-a prisoner
on Devils island. where he managed TO
survive horrible hardships, solitary
confinement, chains, fever and his
worst fear of all, insanity.
His Life on Devils Island.
In later years Dreyfus himself fur
nished the following description of his
prison: The stone hut destined for my
use measured about thirteen yards
square. The windows We're grated.
The door was of latticework, with sim
pie iron bars. This door led to a little
hallway, six feet square. entrance to
which was closed by a solid wooden
door. In this anteroom a guard was
always on duty. BY night the outer
door was closed inside and out. so that
every two hours at guard relief there
was an Internal clatter of keys and
bolts. BY day l had the right to go
about in a treeless space Of less than
half an acre. The moment l left my
hut I was accompanied by the guard,
who was not to lose sight of q single
one Of my movements. The guard was
armed with revolver. Later on there
were added to this n rifle and n car
fridge belt. 1 was forbidden to speak
to any one but the chief guard"
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1906-07-20

The truly proud man knows neither
superiors nor inferiors.-Hazlitt. 49,.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1906-07-20

continued on Page Tenn
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1906-10-27

No business is too small and I.
none too great for judicious adj
vertising in a paper of general
circulation, like The Evening
Star.
Audubon Republican. [volume] (Audubon, Iowa) 1894-1925, 1906-04-12

The best method of housing have
found is coop as follows; House
part q foot inches by feet) has
removable floor, and is separated from
exercise room by wooden partition
with galvanized wire cloth window
and door. admitting light and air. The
exercise room e feet 6 inches by
feet) is closed at the end and screened
with fine mesh galvanized iron wire.
back and front. The dowei door in
front confines hen while chicks enjoy
free range. II cats bother put fine
mesh wire on outer door and three
lath on opening between coop and
exercise room, thus combining mother
In coop. II kept clean she will do as
well.
Above coop or house is intended for
hen with chicks, but may be used also
as a home for chicks long after they
are weaned, or for chicks removed
from brooder. Dimensions; Width. 4
feet inches. Depth, 2 feet. Height
In front. / foot 8 inches. Height In
rear, foot inches. Material. pine
free from knots dressed on both sides,
tongued, grooved and closely fitting,
painted, put together with screws, five
pieces total
find 1t best to keep the chicks off
the ground until warm weather. I
set the pens described above in most
any place where the light Is good and
under cover and my chicks grow and
do well first six weeks,
Have lost chicks at night (and day,
tool by cats before caring for as
above. Only lost one last season.
Give the chicks all the range you can
afford, as they commence to develop,
say after six to eight weeks Old
A. H. McIntire, Sheboygan CO., Wis.,
in Farmers Review.
Audubon Republican. [volume] (Audubon, Iowa) 1894-1925, 1906-04-12
Using the Incubator.

am using incubators in my hatch.
Ing operations and find the 120 and
220-egg sizes the most convenient to
manage. To be successful one must
have a good thermostat and learn how
to control the flame Of the lamp so
as to give a uniform heat. The TEN.
perature Of the room counts for much,
and the room used should be one that
is not quickly affected by the change
OF temperatures out of doors. Most
OF the thermometers sold with incu.
bators are reliable. but about one In
fifty will prove to be out of the way In
its recording of the temperature. Some.
times man fails in getting good
hatch through an accident he might
have avoided. At one time changed
oil and the second lot was poor. The
lamp went out and the temperature
fell. ! did not discover that the lamp
was out till 1t had been out for some
time, and by that time the eggs were
chilled. lit the lamp again and sue.
ceeded in getting so per cent hatch,
even then. When all the eggs are fer.
tile get from 60 to 80 chicks out OF
100 eggs. There are number Of
things the novice should look for.
Among them are poor incubators,
poor eggs. poor ventilation, drafts, not
turning the eggs enough, and lack Of
attention to the lamp and tempera
ture. figure the cost of the oil for
one hatch at from 40 to so cents. |
fill my incubators in March, April and
May, for the spring birds and for fall
chicks | start the eggs to Matching
about the last of June or in July
]. e. Weaver, Fulton Co., N. Y.
Audubon Republican. [volume] (Audubon, Iowa) 1894-1925, 1906-04-12
Ground Bone as Feed.

II is surprising that so many fresh
bones are allowed to go to waste on
our farms when they are particularly
adapted for poultry feed. Fresh bone
contains nitrogen, phosphorus and
lime in considerable quantities. The
lime Is useful In the shells OF the
eggs, but this is the least important
thing connected with the feeding OF
bones The lime might be supplied In
old plaster. But the phosphorus In
the bones constitutes very important
element of food and this phosphorus
goes to build up the bones In growing
fowls. It is more useful for growing
fowls than for mature fowls, but Is
serviceable for both. The bones also
contain considerable quantities Of nj.
trogen, and this nitrogen goes to
make muscle. The only way that a
farmer can use the bones Is to buy a
bone mill by which they can be Pc
duced to a very fine condition with
small effort. We have heard people
complain that it required too much
muscular effort to grind bones. But
this was true largely long time ago.
Bone grinding mills have now been
perfected TO such an extent that little
effort is required. Every farmer should
keep enough fowls to justify him In
buying bone mill, which can be pur.
chased for a very few dollars. Fowls
crave food of this kind both summer
and winter.