The new age., 1906-12-08

sociations of farmers rather than to or through /
farmers. 1t is also striving to CO.
ordinate its work with the agricutnral de-
its own work is educational, to co-ordinate it /
with the work of other educational authorities. |
Great progress has already been made among |
farmers by the creation of farmerss' Institutes
OF dairy associations, of breeders associations,
horticultural associations and thae Ike. The |
department and will cooperate with all |
such associations, and it must haYe their help |
Il its own work is to be done in the most |
efficient style
Much is now being done for the states of |
the Rocky mountains and the great plains |
through the development of the national policy |
of irrigation and forest preservation; no gov
ernment policy for the betterment of our in
ternal conditions has been more fruitful of
good than this. The forests of the White
mountains and Southern App0lachian regions |
should also be preserved; and they, can not be
unless the people of the states in which they
lie, through their representatives in the con-
gress, secure vigorous actliR&l by the natonaAll
government.
/ am we'll aware of haw difficult it is to
pass constitutional amandment. Neverthe-
less, in my judgment the whole question OF
marriage and divorce sfanld be relegated to
the authority of the natilal congress. At pres
eut the wide differences in the laws of the
different states this subject result in scam
dals and abuses; and surely there is nothing
so vitality essential to THE welfare of the nation,
nothing around which the nation should so
bend itself to throw every safeguard as the
would be good frona every standpoint 10 par
tcular It would be: good because it woaaad con-
fer on the. congress the power ab once to
deal radically and efficiently with Rolygamy;
and this should be done whether or not mar
riage and divorce dealt with. II Is neither
safe nor proper 20 leave the questasen of polyg-
amy to be dealt with by the several states
Power to deal with it should be conferred on
the national government.
Let me once again call the. attention of the
congress to two subjects concerning which l
hate H1fo
them. One is the question of developing
American shipping. l trust that law embodH
ing in substance the views, or a major part
| of the views. expressed Ia the report on this
subject laid before the heuse at its last session
will be passed. l well aware that in
| former years Objectionable measures have been
proposed in reference to the encouragement OF
American Shipping; but it seems to me that the
proposed measure is as nearly unobleetionable
as any can be-
especially call your attention to the sec
ond subject, the condition of our currency
laws. The national bank act has ably served
| a great purpose in aiding the enormous busi-
ness development of the country, and within
ten years there has been an increase in circu-
/ lation per capita from $21.41 TO $33.0S. For
several years evidence has been accommodating
that additional legislation is needed. The re-
i currence of each crop season emphasizes the
do not press any especial plan. Various
plans have recently been proposed by expert
committees of bankers.
vide lower tariff for or else absolute free
trade in Philippine products viii become a
law. No harm win come to any American
industry; and while there win be some small
but real material benefit to the Filipinos, the
main benefit will come by the showing made as
to our purpose to do all in our power tor their
Iwelfafe So far our action in the Philippines
has been abundantly justified, not mainly and
Indeed not primarily because OF the addeo
ldignifY it has given us as nation by proving
that rs are capable nonsraby b ana e,hSgn's sb;ch
mighty people should bear, but even more
lbecanse of the immense benefit that has come
q The "a pIe pf the Philippine Islands
q. Ss;sens n Porto Reo hafboT q i
San Juan in Porto Rico should be dredgee
and improved The expense OF the fedora
court Of Porto Rico should be met from the
federal treasury The administration OF the
affairs of Porto Rico, together with those OF
the Philippines, Hawaii and our other insulai
possessions, should all be directed under one an
| sartment of state the department OF war
The needs Of Hawaii are peculiar; every
aid should be given the islands; and our erorts
should be unceasing to develop, them along
the lines of community of small freeholders
not of great planters with coolie-tilled estates
Situated this territory IS, in the middle Q,
! 1.-THE Pacific there are duties imposed upon TIN;
. small community which do not fall in like de
gree or manner upon any other American com
|. munity. This warrants our treating 1t dif
ferently from the way in which we iret Ire rei
.errtoT;es or other states, and justihes the
setting aside of portion OF our revenues u
) be expended for. educationai ana ih'eIisl IN
; provements therein.
Alaska's needs have been partially met, bu
! there must be complete reorganization OF u.
. governmental system, as l have before inoi
this Our fellow citizens who dwell on tn
shores of Puget sound with characterlst
: energy are arranging to hold in Seattle tn
Alaska Yukon Pacific exposition, It's s2eeiha ~.
! development of American commerce on the ia
cifc ocean. This exposition, in its purpose
: = and scope, should appeal not only to the pee
= pie of the Pacific slope, but to the people OF tn
7 United States at large. Alaska since 1t wa
;, bought has yielded to the government S11 ,oo9
: 600 of revenue, and has produced neari t
{ properly developed it will become in large de
J gree land of homes. The countries border
y ing the Pacific ocean have population NOR
!. numerous than that of all the countries . Q
d amounts to over So, ,O00, 900 900, of which tn
, share of the United States is some $7oO'ooo
s 900. If this trade were thoroughly under
5 ). stood and pushed by our manufacturers an
, producers, the industries not only of the ia
E ci6c slope but of all our country, and partic
: . ularly of our cotton growing states, would 0
= greatly benefited Of course, in order to ge
: these benefits we must treat fairly the cour
. tries with which we trade.
8 Especially do we need to remember on
s duty to the stranger within gates. 1t
q q the sure mark of low civilization. lo'
d morality, to abuse or discriminate against O
in any way humiliate such stranger who ma
ID come here lawfully and *ho is conductln
E himself properly. To remember this IS incun
d bent on every American citizen, and IT is c
9l course peculiarly incumbent on every govern
n ment official, whether of the nation or OF tn
n several states.
&c l am prompted to say this by the. attitud
= of hostility here and there assumed towar
ie the Japanese in this country This hostilit
VI is sporadic and is limited to very few place
Nevertheless, it is most discreditable to us
ly a people, and it may be fraught with II
8, gravest consequences to the nation. To II
he other country has there been such an increa
a ing number of visitors from this land as
is Japan. In return, Japanese have come hei
ne in great numbers They are ~elcome, social
al | and intellectually, in all our colleges and II
OF stitutions of higher learning, in all our. pr
al fessional and social bodies. The overwhelr
s. ing mass of our people cherish a lively rega1
to and respect for the people of Japan, and
almost every quarter of the union the strang'
or from Japan is treated as he deserves; that !
or he is treated the stranger from any pa
lg of civilized Europe is and deserves TO
n treated But here and there most unwortf
In feeling has manifested itself toward the ia
y, anese-the feeling that has been shown
d, shutting them out from the common schoo
d. in San Francisco. and in mutterings again
d. them in one or two other places, because
their efficiency workers To shut them OF
st from the public schools is wicked absiirdit
rs when there hrst-class colleges in Il
ch land. including the universities and colleg
is of California, which do not gladly weicon
OF japanese students and which Japanese st