New-York tribune., 1906-08-13

.,,-t IN a word. they We're IN the main like sho
1,asf .ype OF English middle class rural popula
80. blr with the Independence ana siert1as
5lrea Of The never ending conflict with the Wild
r-,,,-try wild beasts and wild men Chatham
ana Burke were proud OF their Americans: it
.yoflid haze been well for Newcastle and Rute
and men higher stin if at least they had under
stood them
These last left such comprehension instead TO
saung FrenchTnan whom the world a few years
later wac glad TO listen to. Vast regions of
America exclaimed Turgot at the Sorhonne
n lTI0 Equality keeps them from both luxury
and want and preserves to them purity and sim
plicity with freedom Europe herself will find
there the perfection of her political societies and
the surest support Of her wellbeing But Tur-
got added. in words that might have borne
profitable warning across the Channel colonies
are Ike fruits which cling to the tree only till
they rfpen-
How that predicted end was hastened with
e-,ch an English people as we have been desc~ib-
ln9 by efforts TO abridge or withdraw rights on
which al EnglishTen insisted may now be seen
sr the events Of the next twenty wears The
tendency was noticeable in the later ministries
of George II. the policy was pursued with con-
tinuiIy and earnestness from the accession Of
In IT5a rhe construction Of more iron mills in
the American colonies was forbidden. that there
might be more demand for the
EARLY English product While the lib
ENACTTONS. erty 70 manufacture was thus
hampered the liberty TO import
slaves under the guise Of a right 70 trade be-
tween the Barbary Coast and the Cape Of Good
Eope. was n the very same year extended spe-
cldcaly 70 all subjects Of the King Of Eng
70 withhold from the New York Assembly the
right IL had always exercised Of considering and
voting annually the allowances for the support
~ the government and Of examining the ac-
counts. This Englishmau (Sir Danvers Os-
hCrrel. when he found these men Of English
blood and parliamentary experience would not
submit 70 such orders. 50 horrorStriCken at
me situation in which he involved that he
went our and hanged himself. The next year
tha colonies were required to contribute 10 a
general fund. and Halifax. by the Kings COM
rn1rd proposed an American union for that pur-
pose. with q congress Of one commissioner from
each colony 70 ADJUST the quotas. Ominous sug-
gesrion- Franklin mad already favored the
union. bur with notifications He would have
N taTsrior by Parliament, unless with ample
representation in tha7 body and legislation on
o. equal basis for All.
= year later. in 1856. the British commander
ir chief was reinforcing the ecournendatfon Of
various royal Governors for an act Of Parliament
lavvfrs stamp duty. poll tax and an excise
TAX a1 aI the colonies for general fund, and
Il any colony failed 10 pay promptly. providing
means for collecting bv royal warrants Of dis
rrainr and imprisonment He was succeeded
me same year ny Loudoun who under a COM
7i7sion prepared by Chancellor Hardwicke.
instructed 10 make the colonial assemblies dis
tIDctiy and precisely understand" that the King
REQUIRED Cf them - general fund 70 be issued
and applied the commander in chief should
direct. and likewise 10 paw for the quarters Of
tre soldiers. When an attempt was made. un-
6e- this. TO billet officers OF the army upon New
York CITY the Mayor objected that II was con-
rrarv 10 the laws Of England. the privileges Of
E-nslishu7en, and common law Free quarters
are everywhere usual replied the commander
n chief, I assert II on my honor, which is the
highest evidence You require God damn my
hl-od. If YOU do not biIIet my officers upon free
quarters this day. III order here all the troops
II North America under my command. and billet
;he-l al upon the city itself" New York sub
rri-tei. unwillingIy enough and soon after Phila-
delphta- under similar compulsion did the same
While the troops were thus Quartered in the
principal cities the frontiers were left open to
tH4 Indians and the French
George III came 70 the throne in October. 1880
T took scarcely fourteen years more TO pre-
cipitate the crisis Early
GEORGE III-THE in 1761 the restrictions in
STAMP TAX the Acts Of Trade We're
TR0OP-TFE brought into court in Bos-
TEA TAX ton. and James Otis ap-
peared 70 resist the call
upon ali executive officers and subjects Of the
colony 70 assist in their enforcement. His ar
fhe court and the community was the defiant
challenge he flung al the feet Of the judges. He
would sacrifice everythi ne sald; 10 me
kind Of power the exercise OF which cost one
king of England his head and another his
throne" The court. quite staggered for III"
moment postponed q decision. and the chief
Justice wrote n England Meantime, the fiery
orator was elected 70 the Assembly. and next
,-s- ne Hud him declaring there that taxes
could he arbitrarily levied without the consent
n rne legislative body That was the adVan-
-ran \ Frenchran; and for the colonists he
he'd hat the rights of colonial assem- oiy were
rr@ same as were those Of the House OF COM
mons for residents Of England To such out
spoken tones did the policy Of the ministers
carrv The colonisrs IN the first two years OF
ne 4rs- dav cf the next year 1763) it
va admitted that the plans of the ministry IN
Guided the permanent quarterlns OF twenty paL-
= Hons on he colonies after the peace IN EUROPE
tne l0nies themselves 10 bear the expense. II
soon came out that the scheme Went even Ius-
Ther contemplating the WlthdraWai OF the CO
1o-,el charters and the imposition OF a UNIFORM
Fvs-z.- u government throughout the colonies.
Tua Years we're spent IN taking apooI ms
r40l-,-i7rIarv - scheme while the colonists Vehe-
1ne--lv protested. the substance OF their ian-
cusge 1eing that their charters were inVlolaple
and that taxation by Parliament IN Whlch lhFy
were not represented was tyranny Al @ Iast i-eE
fsr--ul stamp Act was passed IN teDfuaIy' 100,
f,f- en7.ld not be signed By the King except by
commission The pathetic fact was not known
n -fz -fr7a that MS reason was already un-
se-rle5 The rarieuce Of the cOlonists was no"
frr nine wears from the breaking point
The first effect q the Stamp ACT was an oul-
hurst ~ universal opposition III lLe co.oiiIes'
and concerted movement 70 p@fal4 ze ~ - -
f9rce-7aut hv extOrIing the resignation OF eNeIs
etsr-r r4Hcer The next and even more oInlnoos
eFeer was the assemblage IN New 1orh OF d
lr,,grz1e. containing duly authorized represent
s1ives II nearly all the colonies. against tile
oruos.-5crl thus concentrated the act was pow
erless Scarcely a stamp was SOLD ana aA.e
setting al America n g fame. the stamp Act -
Was repeal ed thirteen months after il had been
tn. MAS the moment perhaps the last mo-
mem when rh. hands OF the clock could nave
been -s-ned back But the good VIII aroused
In america bv The repeal was wasted. sixteen
1ortas .ater CIUn= lT6I), the hour nad ~ ~slrucA.
and -r- ministers carried through Parliament
ire Bib -ecreeing the American ReFo ulloIl- !
vas rl re7ivfng the effort 70 tax the colonlsls
by distant Parliament Ia ~hlch lhes we're no
seDreyerteg for PURPOSES about Whlch ihey hac
not he=r Consulted. and reFiFlng il ieSs man
+ wear .-s a haIf afrer they thought the mis-
tske had been acknowledged ana defnlLely
abandoned nv The repeal OF the Stamp Tax. Inc
new ll ~ II nothing had happened imposed
certain duties articles imported lalo amen
Including -ax of tEreepence pound on tea;
r.-.s.tE-E Instantly EftfaItH 40 -F-s41N-