davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Bon Homme County independent. [volume] (Tabor, S.D.) 1904-1913, 1906-12-27
NINE KILLED IN A
HOLIDAY WRECK
Rsseuers Beat Fire to Pinioned Vic.
and All the Injured Are
Taken Out.

Ende.i.n. ~. D.. Dec. 25.--Ioaded to
It's full capacity with people going to
their Omes In the east To spend the
holiiays. the southbound train on the
Minneapolis. ~. Paul and sault Ste.
Marie crashed into "A switch engine In
the west end IL the railroad yards ut
this place early yesterday morning.
Eighs men were killed outright and
one has since died OF injuries. Thirty
seven were seriously injured and II In
likely that the death list will be added
TO.
All Of the fatalities occurred in the
smoking car. which was completely
telescoped by the baggage car and only
two OF the occupants Of this car es-
raped injury. The car was crowded and
AZ the whistle had just sounded for En-
derlin almost everyone was OH his feet
when tho crash came and the dead and
wounded were piled into "A great heap
With the wrcckagC.
The wrechRge took fire from the
overturned lamps and there was n race
between the passengers and the flames
By almost superhuman means tho un-
injured were enabled to fight OF the
fames until the injured were removed.
when the cars were allowed to burn.
Only few passengers Ia the day
coaches were injured and I'm the sleep
ers, none OF which left the track. there
were no casualties.
The dead.
CHAS. BACkCS. Bergen. ~. u.
JOHN SATTERBCRG. AnaInoos.. y.
n.
y. ]. voLKERING. Anamoosc. y. ID.
TONY eileen. Nelva. ~. p.
ID. J. BERRESFORD. Medicine Hat.
Alberta.
X. ROsENBAUM, Nelva. ~. ID.
W. J. DASiELSON. Sheldon. y. u.
4. O. ANDERSON. Starbuck. MINI.
SE1.S HANSEN. Kenmarc. ". u.
IL ls impossible tn learn who was at
fault In the accident. II IL said that
the switch engtn. had been given "A
portion az the running time OF the
passenger In which To shift ears In the
Yards, and IL = supposed that the
passenger train had made up more Of
It's lost time than had been unticipat =
I'd by the crew az the switch engiue.
The Bon Homme County independent. [volume] (Tabor, S.D.) 1904-1913, 1906-12-27
MRS. MAVERICK SAYS
She FOUND MEN IN
HORRIBLE DUNGEONS
Woman Who Spent Months In
Cell Speaks tor Reform
In Prisons.

New York, Dec. 2t.-Mrs Florence
Maybrlck. who passed many years iii
English prisons and IN now trying 10
reform penitentiaries la America. dis
cussed prison reform last night before
the Young Mems club Of DIR. Park
bursts church.
II claim for all men," she said. Thu
man right. the right of sunshine. To or
binary decencies. 10 labor.
AT Sing Sing strong men are shut
up In cells 6 feet by 3. without ventila-
tioS. sanitary provisions. or water. for
thirteen hours n day. i know what u
means.
I'm England for nine months I had
solitary confinement In a cell feet by
4. with a log for a seat and my food
passed In through a trap In the door.
OF souis: they lead 60 damnation.'
She declared the Eastern penitentiary
at Philadelphia In the worst OF twenty
four prisons she had visited In Amer
lea. There the prisoners are practi-
cnlly buried alive: but 1t Trenton. n.
j.. she found strange contradictions.
They still have underground dun
geons where not even the step OF a
warden can be heard. As visited them
heard n poor man call:
For love OF God let me out. hav"
been here Ave days and can't bear IL any
longer
Yet as I came up. I heard a sound I
had never heard In prison before.
Yes said the warden. that In our
string band practicing.
In conclusion she put forward an
earnest plea for such awakening OF
public sentiment for reform as had al
the first offender and habitual GRIM
inal
The Bon Homme County independent. [volume] (Tabor, S.D.) 1904-1913, 1906-12-27
WHITE OFFICER OF
DISMISSED COMPANY
SHOT BY A NEGRO
Capt. Macklin, Ordered to Trial
by Court Martial, Is DAN
gerousIy Wounded.

III Reno. Okla. Dec. :s.-captain
Eiyar ~. Mackiin. of Company G..
Tventy-fifth United States infantry.
was shet twice and dangerously
wounded last night by n negro. and the
tyeiief IL expressed here that u was
one OF the members OF the troop dis
chsrged by President Roosevelt for par
tirirating in the Brownsville riot.
Blocdhe unds have been brought here
from Oklahoma City To- track the as
sasri'i.
The rnooting occurred In the officers
quarters In Fort Reno. Captain Mack
IiE and mis- wife were seated at the
diniser table when some one tried to
gain entrance at the side door. Captain
Mack.ia asked: who 10 there?"
TIE reply came: II have a message
for you"
'icoins around TO the back door," said
Captain Macklin.
A regro. part OF his face covered by
a mack. entered with the command:
Throw up your hands and give me
All ,he money you've got"
Without giving Captain Macklin time
10 reply he fired twice. then fed into
the darkness. One bullet entered Cap
tain Macklin's abdomen. the second
struck Lin In the jaw. The wounds
are dangerous. but not necessarily ia
tai.
or December IL the secretary OF war.
upon recommendation OF the general
stan. oraered the trial by courtmartial
OF Captain Macklin under the sIxty-sec-
ond article OF war. for conduct TO the
prejudice Of good order and discipline
IL failing Ia exercise due diligence In
preventing the occurrence OF rioting at
Brownsville last August.
The Bon Homme County independent. [volume] (Tabor, S.D.) 1904-1913, 1906-12-27
JUDGE BATTLES WITH
MANIAC FOR LIFE
Msdman Attempted Assassina-
ton Because He Had Lost
Case in Court.

Chicago. Dec. ga desperate effort
was made TO day To- sssassinate Judge
Charles =. Cutting OF the probate
court by Frank r. Ellerbrock. The
would be ASA sin Is believed to be In
sane. Judge Cutting escaped injury
by q hairs breadth and overpowered
his assailant after a fierce hight
Az the Judge entered the criminal
court building. Ellerbrock. who was
standing In the hallway. stepped for
drew n revolver and bred point blank
at the Judge.
Judge Cutting instantly turned and
struck his assailant a heavy blow In
the face, almost knocking him down.
Before Ellerbrock could recover. Cut
ting grabbed him by the throat and
threw him backwards over a steam
radiator. where he held him until two
deputy sherifYs, who had hastened TO
from the grasp OF Ellerbrock.
Judge Cutting then allowed Eller-
brock TO arise from the radiator and
the man attempted TO attack him once
more. Tho two men struggled back
and forth across the hallway and the
Judge, with the assistance OF the depu-
ty shcrifrs, finally hurled Ellerbrock TO
the floor.
The man still continued TO struggle
and fought until exhausted. He
begged FOR mercy when taken into GUS
tody.
Judge Cutting throughout the excite
ment remained cool. After seeing Ell
ierbrock arrested he went TO the court
room and within n few minutes was
transacting business as usual.
Ellerbrock had frequently been about
OF ~ bat md for
Iabored under the Authorization that he
had been deprived OF his rights TO
share In the estate OF a sister. and has
repeatedly appealed TO Cutting TO re-
open the case. The police declare Ell
lerbrock Is insane.
The Bon Homme County independent. [volume] (Tabor, S.D.) 1904-1913, 1906-12-27
JAPANESE TAKE
HARB0R SOUNDlNGS

San Francisco. Cal. Dec. .5.--Japan
has all the sounding OF Monterey bay
and. so far as marine Typography Ii
concerned. IL In readiness To land an
lsrmy at Santa Cruz previous To March
I. There IL not a gun mounted on all
Monterey bay To rcpei invaders and
there II no surf. except "A few days IN
THE winter. To interfere In any way
with landing troops upon the beach.
The soundings OF the harbor at Mon
'terey were secured after the usual
manner OF making typographical oh
.servations and soundings by the Jap
ianese. They were taken under the
guise 81 an abolone fishing enterprise
and the residents OF Santa Cruz hava
just now awakened To- the operationf
that we're so secretly going on RICH
under their noses
The Bon Homme County independent. [volume] (Tabor, S.D.) 1904-1913, 1906-12-27
Il WOULD DO IT
AGAIN." CRIES NEGRO
As He IS LYNCHEDi
A Mob Of Sixty In Maryland
Avsngs Crime on Woman
by Raiding Jail.

Annapolis. Md. Dec. 2t.-Henry
Davis. alias Henry Chambers. colored.
who committed a felonious assault on
Mrs John Reid. ave miles from An
lnapolls. last Friday. and who had con-
Ifessed the crime. was taken from jail
here this morning by q mob OF sixty,
unasked men and lynched. He was
strung up and his body riddled with
bullets.
Tho Jail Is situated I'm the western
section OF the city. quite isolated. The
,iacb had no difficulty In securing the
prisoner. Taking him from the cell.
they carried him along the road leading
to the scene OF his crime. In a state
nsnt made after the man was taken
from the jail. Deputy Sheriff Small
wood said about o'clock man ap-
pcared outside the Jail and rang. He
SAID he had prisoner. Smallwood saw
he had no prisoner and refused TO admit
him. whercupon he left. Soon after
wards mob OF about sixty men APP
penred before the jail with "a whipping
post and endcayored To batter down the
door. Unsuccessful with that means.
ltncy procured slcdge and pick and
managed to break n hole Ia the door.
through which one OF the men crawIed
md unlocked the door.
Then nve or six men entered thu.
building and proceeded TO the warden's
aOSllls NAlEAN AiN9 huT0en
Taylor. Deputies Smallwood and
'Crouze. and Night Waterman Mar
Jsllus.
q AZ the poIat OF n pistol the Warden
surrendered the keys. In n few mo-
nents more Davis was procured and
carried out bodily. He made no re-
sistnnCe.
His appearance outside the jail was
greeted with yells. He was kicked and
beaten BY members OF the lynchinE
party. and IN n few minutes taken TO
Brick Yard hill.
Here Davis was closely questioned
and again admitted he had criminaliy
assaulted his victim. and repeated:
II would have done Il. living OF
dead"
As he made this assertion those who
heard him raised a cry. IA rope was
quickly knotted and a moose slipped
over his head. BY This time Davis
VAS nearly unconscious from fright
and blows which had been ruined upon
him,
While iu this condition he was hoisted
up To the limb OF tree. Almost before
his feet had left the ground re-
yolNrr cracked and "A bullet cut "A cash
through his scalp. II was n signal for
general firing and At least 100 bullets
must have ridded his body. After n
few minutes hts body was cut down
and after q few had examined ~ and
few took pieces Of rope and clothing a.
souvenirs. the mob dispersed
The Bon Homme County independent. [volume] (Tabor, S.D.) 1904-1913, 1906-12-27
sTickNEY SAYS LOADING
AND UNLOADING DELAY CARS

Washington. ID. c.. Dec. 2i.--Presi-
dent A. b. Stickney. OF the Chicago
Great Western railroad. has sumbitted
some interesting facts 10 the Inter,
state Commerce commission bearing,
on the distance Travelled and the time
consumed In hauling and In loading
and unloading freight cars. Mr.. Stick,
ney bases his estimates on the entire
freight car capacity OF the country as.
follows:
The average distance each loaded.
freight car Is hauled Is ESQ miles.
The average time consumed by the
railways In hauling In one day--twen-
iy-four hours. The average time con-
sumed by shippers and consignees In
loading and unloading each IL nine
days-2i6 hours.
II the law or any other power can,
compel shippers to load and unload'
such average car In four and n half
days IL would be equivalent TO doubling
instantly the effectiveness OF the freight.
equipment OF the raiiways---in effect
adding TO such equipment i.700.00o
cars without cost to the railways and
without increasing their capitalization.
while TO purchase that number OF new
cars would cost the railways and add
ito their capitalization tho enormous
sum OF 1850. ooo. 900. which at 4 per
cent. would add TO their annual
charges S5t,too.ooo to be collected from
the people.
The Bon Homme County independent. [volume] (Tabor, S.D.) 1904-1913, 1906-12-27
ROOSEVELT URGES REPAIR
or COLORADO RIVER DAM

Washington. u. c.. Dec. 2t.-Presi-
dent Roosevelt II exerting his efforts to
have the break In the Colorado river In
Mexico repaired as soon as possible by
the California Development company.
which. he declares. 10 ultimately re-
sponsible for IL. With this end In view
he today telegraphed +. II. Hartman
at New York. reciting the inability TO
secure action by congress because OF
the adjournment for the Christmas
holidays. The president told Mr.. Har-
riman that Il IN incumbent upon him TO
CLOSE the break and that action should
be taken without an hours delay.
Mr.. Hartman replied that the South
,ern Pacific has no control over the
California Development company. but
he would authorize the Southern Pa
,cinc officials TO try to repair the break.
trusting congress TO take action later
po assist with the burden.
The president promised TO make
recommended To this end
The Bon Homme County independent. [volume] (Tabor, S.D.) 1904-1913, 1906-12-27
MINER HICKS Is
FINALLY RESCUED
aas Entou,bed Alive Tor Ten and .
Half Days Under Sixty Feet
Of Debris.

bakersfield. Cal. Dec. 25.-L IL.
Hicks the miner who was entombed by
"A cavcln In a tunnel OF the Edison Elec-
tric Power company December Z. was
rescued at Hes o'clock Saturday night.
Fire bells were rung, whistles were
blown and firearms discharged. The
news OF the rescue accustomed great ex-
element In this city. For more than
forty-five minutes pandemonium
reigned.
Hicks emerged from his tomb In
The best OF spirits. and has suffered M
Impairment 90 health. physical or men
tai. as "a result Of his remarkable ca
pericnce.
Hicks was entnmbed alive under
rixty feet Of debris in the tunnel az
the Edison Electric Power company.
seventeen miles northeast Of this city.
Five OF his fellow workers were buried
ht the same time by the cavein of
thousands OF tons of earth and rock.
The work of recovering the bodies
was immediately begun and prosecuted
with yigor but owing to the yielding
nature OF the soil slow progrcss was
made Hope OF rescuing any Of the
victims had been abandoned when
three days after the disaster the sound
pf tapping ON "A water pipe In the shaft
was heard. Instantly response was
sent and the answering taps plainly
pTONtu tUhN at ltaASh bItf
nned miners was alive.
The water pipe was cleared and COM
munication established with the man
at the bottom OF the shaft. He proved
To- he Hicks. a former soldier and AN eS-
pert miner. whose life had been saved
by "A steel car. under which he was
PINNED. His i've companions were
dead.
Hts rescue was "A most difficult piece
of work. and that IL was accomplished
mt all IL regarded as marvellous by all
those acquainted with the conditions
that were met and overcome.
That Hicks Is man OF iron nerve H.
proven By the fact that In less than
twelve hours after being released b..
mounted saddle horse and rode to
the hospital mt camp No. .. mile and
"A half from the scene 81 his disas-
der.
At the hospital he Will be the guest
OF DIR. Stinchheld. the physicians 90
whom the praise for the remarkab bic
physical and mental condition Hicks
WAS found in when rescued IL due.
After Christmas Hicks believes that
I've will have regaincd his strength SUI
flciently To allow him To leave the care;
OF the physician.
Hicks was confined Ia the tunnel for
ten days and n half.
Hicks In being flooded with offers
from theatrical managers and others
who want him for exhibition purposes.
The Bon Homme County independent. [volume] (Tabor, S.D.) 1904-1913, 1906-12-27
WESTERN ROADS WANT
INTERCHANGE OF CARS
Commissioner Prouty Says Il Would
Do Away With q Lot Of the
Shipping Trouble.

Kansas City, Mo-. Dec. 2l.--At the,
conclusion OF the inquiry into the Qucs-
lion Of the freight car shortage In the
west before &. A. Prouty. interstatc
commerce commissioner. which began
In ST. Louis and ended here. the COM
missioner. shippers and the representa-
tives OF the railroads agreed that all
parties concerned would be greatly bon
Gifted ard present conditions relieved
IL n free Interchange Of cars among rail-
road companies could be brought about
This solution was first suggested by
the shippers. was approved by Com
missioner Prouty and was Endorsed by
the railroad representatives when they
were given an opportunity to state their
side Of the case.
IL II understood that western rail-
way lines generally favor n free inter-
change OF freight cars. but that east
ern roads have refused To enter into,
such an arrangement. The reason for
this difference. II IL said. II that east
ern roads are profitins by present con-
ditions and are using many thousand
cars belonging to western roads. and
their own equipment az well. causing
q serious shortage TO exist In the west
and south. Western lines have been
forced To issue an order that such cars
n they have left are not TO leave their
own respective tracks.
After the hearing had adjourned
Commissioner Prouty said:
AN interchange OF cars by all the,
railroads would do away with much
OF the shipping trouble. And. thon-
this country II long way from New
York. Owners OF railways are not
thoroughly familiar with conditions
here. They are inclined TO make
money first and consider the public
service later"
The Bon Homme County independent. [volume] (Tabor, S.D.) 1904-1913, 1906-12-27
SIX MINERS KILLED
when CAGE FALLS
Explosion Causes Fatal Disas-
ter in Illinois Shaft-.-vic-
Tins Buried in Debris.

81. Louis. No. Dec. ga cage In
the Breese Trenton Mining company =
shaft, ten miles west OF Carlyle. ILL.,.
dropped early today. killing six men
and lnjuring several.
The dead:
Walter Shaffner. Herman schleteT.
Henry Mittege, Herman Hoffman.
Frank 6ehrer. August Foppe.
Some kind OF an explosion occurred
In the mine and the cage filled with
miners fell.
cage full Of day shift miners was de
sceudinE. The cage. containing six
men. haG descended 200 feet down a
l00-root shaft when 10 stuck moment
arily. then went crashing TO the bot
tom.
August Foppey jumped as the crash
came and was cut squnrely In two.
The Bon Homme County independent. [volume] (Tabor, S.D.) 1904-1913, 1906-12-27
nuooiNo BARRED IN
SWIMMING LESSONS.

Chicago. Dec. 25.-Hugless dancing
and waterless swimming IL To De-
taught In the Chicago public schools.
The gold-spectacled school ma'ams will
.expell the tuneful sounds OF the plano
and gTO, coo hopes OF the republic" viii
balance forward and back. glide and
dash alone.
; No youthful arm will be allowed to
belt the giriiah waist. In the swimming
exercises the children VIII first be put
through the various strokes In "A stand
ing position and later will be hung
from flying rings.
The Bon Homme County independent. [volume] (Tabor, S.D.) 1904-1913, 1906-12-27
La toilette AGAIN
ASKS SENATE TO
VALUE RAILROADS
Proposes Rate Bill Amendment
to Put a Stop to the Water.
Ing OF Capital.

Washington. II. G. Dec. si.-Senatot
In Toilette today introduced bills To
amend the railroad rate bill passed dur
inr the last session OF congress. and
adding one section To provide Zoe tho
Investigation OF the valuation OF rail-
iOnd property that the Interstate Com
Ia,rce commission may know on what
ca pital they are entitled to earn divi-
dencs. The proposed amendments are
Plong tho line OF amendments offered
~ tie Wisconsin senator while the
rate bill Was under consideration In the
.enatc.
The Bon Homme County independent. [volume] (Tabor, S.D.) 1904-1913, 1906-12-27
WOLF IS LASSOED
BY HIS NAMESAKE

Chicago. Dec. A.-sergeant Thomas
woolfe OF the Stanton avenue station set
the south SIDE ut ease by capturing an ami
mai namezake.
lie was told that a wolf. the property OF
Thomas Pick. ISIS Michigan avenue. was
a. large. With an eye to his past record
as n member OF a wild west show he made
n lasso. bearded the animal. and captured
a.
The wolf was returned TO .tE owner.
The Bon Homme County independent. [volume] (Tabor, S.D.) 1904-1913, 1906-12-27
UNCLE SANS ARMY
TO AID the CHINA
FAMINE SUFFERERS
The Cabinet Plans to Use
Transports for Relief Work
In tho Orient.

Washington. d. c., Dec. s4>-Reports
having been received here from consuls
and other officials OF the state depart
ferrrs In China being worse than was
at frst supposed, the matter. at the in
stance OF the American Red Cross. was
brought to the attention OF the cabinet
today. I. Is probable an appeal viii be
issued for supplies and steps will be
taken TO assign transports for relief
work
The Bon Homme County independent. [volume] (Tabor, S.D.) 1904-1913, 1906-12-27
CARS MUST STOP
SNUBBING PATRONS

ST. Paul. MINI. Dec. 25.-The street
car company got couple OF Jolts at
the meeting OF the council. A resolu-
,tion passed both bodies, BY the terms
OF which the company is ordered and
required to carry passengers on Its
cars on their homewRrd trips 10 the
car barns. The Fifth ward alderman
nald there ~ no reason why a car going
to the barns should not be required
10 carry passengers.
The Bon Homme County independent. [volume] (Tabor, S.D.) 1904-1913, 1906-12-27
HEATHENS GIVE BIG
SUM FOR CONVERSION

Boston. Mass. Dec. 25.-A statement
OF the evangelical forces engaged In eff
lorIs to evangelist the non-Christian
iwcrld. ~ made public today by Editor
lni Secretary Strong. OF the American
board. IL shows total Of -. 3ss sta
lions. G.16c men and s.03s women mis-
sioiariss: 20. 200 native lRborers: i.34s..
500 Communicates: i.i20.s00 under In
structioi..
Statistics Of the principal foreign
missionary societies OF the evangelical
churches OF the United States show the
women missionaries outnumber the
men. there being s03i OF the former
and s.C<3 OF the latter.
Native contributions amounted To ST..
IS, OF.
The Bon Homme County independent. [volume] (Tabor, S.D.) 1904-1913, 1906-12-27
REMAINS OF BISHOP
M'CABE BROUGHT WEST

Philadelphia. Pa. Dec. a.--The body
OF the late Bishop Charles g. McCabe,
who died In New York Wednesday. ar
rived In this city today aud was ex-
posed 10 view OF the public for several
hours IN the Arch Street Methodist
Episcopal church. short funeral ser
vices were held. after which the body
was placed on a Pennsylvania railroad
train for the west. Interment will DO
made at Evanston. Ill.
The Bon Homme County independent. [volume] (Tabor, S.D.) 1904-1913, 1906-12-27
ROOSEVELT FULFILLS
WISHES OF WOMAN WHO
COMMITTED SUICIDE
Two Cats That Belonged to Mrs.
Grover Go to White House,
Her Body Cremated.

Washington. u. G.. Dee. 25.-Although
President Roosevelt IN said to have
never known Mrs. Lulu Grover. who
committed suicide In New York De-
rember s. the provisions Of her will
are being carried out. Acting under
the presidents orders. United States
District Attorney Henry l.. Stimson, In
conjunction with the public admins
traitor. personally supervised the Gre
nation OF the body and forwarded the
two pet Angora cats to the White
House
The Bon Homme County independent. [volume] (Tabor, S.D.) 1904-1913, 1906-12-27
CONDUCT OF WIFE
KILLS THE HUSBAND

south BEAD, de-, - The sCaudaluus
ConducI OF MS wife IN g,ycE a. the cause
FOR the suicide OF Frank ". Salisbury at
the hotel Windsor Salisbury left letters
TO his mother. Mrs. r. \. Salisbury, Ot
Goshen. and hlS wife, who Is IN Niles. and
another To Mrs Charles Shcalslcy OF this
city. "a all OF which he complained of his
wifc's conduct a. beng the cause OF hts
troubles.
The Bon Homme County independent. [volume] (Tabor, S.D.) 1904-1913, 1906-12-27
oOST0FFlCE EMPLOYEES
IN AUSTRIA STRIKE

Vienna. De-. "a strike !ayolvInE
all the postof;ces OF Austria and IS 900
employees. men and women. began to-
day as a protest against conditions un-
der which the employees nre compelled
To labor The men have been agitating
for years with the object or securing
cents n day and rising to n maximum
OF 80 cents after forty or fifty years
service.
The Bon Homme County independent. [volume] (Tabor, S.D.) 1904-1913, 1906-12-27
MAN AND WIFE DIE
IN AUTO ACCIDENT
Machine Found by Railroad
Track, Was Supposedly
Hit by Train.

III Pdso. Tex. Dec. 25.-Master Me,
chanIr Kip. of the American Smelter
an, Refining company's smelter here.
ana hIs wife were found fatally in
iured IN a wreck OF their automobile
b.sId. the Southern Pacific track today.
II H. Supposed they were struck by u
train.
The Bon Homme County independent. [volume] (Tabor, S.D.) 1904-1913, 1906-12-27
Mitchell and +ushi,. Accept.

Washington. -. g.. Dec. - The pes
idCnt announced the acceptance ~
John Mitchell. president OF the United
Mine Workers ~ America, as = rep
resentatiye OF labor. and Marvin
Hughitt. president or the chicago and
Northwestern railroad. rs a represent
atlye OF capital. ~ the positions tend
cred them by tn" president as members
of the board ~ trustees To whom ~
peace prize.