davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1906-10-14

properly fertilize and cultivate it, the
same amount of work is not spent
upon it. Before the war, and in Tai
lahassee "the war" always means
the civil war,-lands were titled sys-
tematically if not always intelligent
ly. At the blowing of the horn n
the morning. usually at sunrise, the
negroes rose from their slumbers, had
their breakfasts and repaired at once
to the fields and to work. They had
their rest time at noon,, they COM
menced their work and continued 1t
until the setting of the sun ended
their labors for the day. To-day the
negro farmer works and rests as he
pleases. and everyone at all familiar
with the characteristics of the ne
gro knows that he pleases to rest
much oftener than to work. That IS
why only enough labor is now expend-
ed upon the land to make 1t produce
sufficient for the bare necessities OF
life The negro's unspoken prayer
is Give us this day our daily bread
we don't keer nothin' tall bout ter
morrer"
Change in Social Life.
This method of conducting farming
operations has effected a complete
change in the social life of Tallahas-
see. Where once this social life was
centered in the homes of the plant
ers where the functions took tho
form of gatherings in these homes.
for feasting or dancing. for the cele-
bration of eventful days, or prepare
tons for the hunt or other pleasures,
1t Is now transferred to the town and
is expressed in other forms. The
landed proprietor" still occupies the
same place In society as OF old; ne
tolls not-much, nor does he spin,
but he is getting the game rental price
for his leased lands that he did thirty
wears ago, although he gives them no
attention and has allowed them al
most to run out" and the nerves
that center in his pocketbook have
not felt the thrill of any falling on
in his receipts. He takes his pleas
ures. therefore, as always, but OF a
different kind. The horn OF the hunt
or is no longer heard on the hill. but
the bridge whist counter may be
found in every home. The old Dash
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1906-10-14

the bowl over a hot Fame, and the
gas WIN be driven out cd the ifttls
BEND Of the pipe andswiif ltghtseasiiy..'
During his talk on coal Uncle Jos
had been busy on his. coal bail. and
had whetted It on the storesuutt36h
had,>a fat polished surface whasetn
with thu aid OF his ,magnffyfng sgfass
|thesohtldrer7were able to distinguish
eas number oeSfnteresting figures and
bdeafsns which. Uncle Joe erpigined,
were caused by ferns, lsaves stems.
E6uds. cones and ufnsrSparts Of plants
koe> the long, long ego.
Think, them added .Uncla Joe.
''how much we owe to these plants
which lived and died so long aspi
Think, too, Of what we owe to the
miner Of today. who delyes deep into
the earth and risks his health and
Mfs In the pursuit ofsh;s calling. For.
WITHOUT coal we conld, have had no
Engines OF any kind and Consequent
/ " no large manufactures. Rapid
transit would be q thing unknown.
and electric light would not exist.
THE process Of mining coal in
wolves digging, picking. breaking,
sorting, framing, hosting. resort
ing, screening and much shoyelinS
and hauling before It goes into the
stove and furnace. The greatest
dangers attendant upon coal mining
hars caHs-inS. ase-damD and aoedans."
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1906-10-14

at time when the legislature was in
session he received many courtesies
at its hands.
Old Time Entertainment.
Entertainments in those olden, gol-
den days, usually took the form OF
what We would to-day cell house par
ties. There was great deal of Wis
ting back and forth between the
great houses; every family kept its
carriage and the gentlemen made
calls as we'll as the ladies OF the
family. There was no such magnih-
cence as may be seen in wealthy
houses to-day. but services of silver
and. for state occasions, of gold, many
servants. horses, and everything that
made for creature comfort, were part
Of the regular, ordinary life of the
day Madam had her gowns made In
Paris and wore them with the grace
and the stateliness Of any great lady
of a European court. Every house
had its wine room, which was kept
hIled with choice viptages imported
by the owners. Guests came and
spent days at a time and the welcome
never failed, for all that man owned
was at the disposal Of his friends.
No attempt was made at display, but
every effort was in furtherance OF
the pleasure of others; a simple,
kindly spirit dominated the social in
tercourse and the thought of self was
not permitted to intrude upon their
pleasure. A man was not accounted
worthy simply because he had piled
up a great many dollars to his ac-
count at the bank, nor couh money
buy an entrance into the social realm.
The lines OF caste were much more
closely drawn then and the necessity
for keeping up appearances" which
has been the financial ruin Of so many
homes in these latter. days, did not
exist.
Business Methods.
Business methods have also under.
gone a vast change since that time,
Verv little actual money was In use:
purchases were made on credit
throughout the year and all accounts
were settled the first of January Of
each year. Merchants bought their
wares On six or even twelve months
time" and sold them the same way,
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1906-10-14

the sun is the source Of all this
earth's energy. And, wherever you
see an automobile coming. and step
aside, you pay a compliment to the
sun, whether you know It or not.
"In those old days the sun sent
forth its heat, and the leaves, stems,
branches and trunks of earth's vege-
tation were warmed and grew. In
the form of coal that energy Of the
past has come to US.
with coal we generate steam.
With the aid of steam we make all
kinds of wheels go round, and develop
electricity, compressed air and other
motive powers. But 1t must all come
from coal first.
"Of course, some people still burn
wood. But, that's only away out in
the country. So, may safely say,
coal is mans dearest possession. Its
hidden power, composed of the stored
up energy derived from the sun
beams of the long past, by dint OF
application and perseverance on
mans part, has rendered possible
steam cars, automobiles and other
means If rapid transportation.
1.-THE Great Dismal Swamp lying
to the south Of Norfolk, Va, and
stretching far away into North Caro-
lima, furnishes one Of the best com.
parsons Of present days to probable
view Of a prehistoric coal bed In pro.
cess Of formation. The whole place
Is one enormous Quagmire, oyergrowE
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1906-10-14

There was very little specializing OF
any kind; if man bought a piece Of
land Or a slave or horse il was not
for the purpose of reselling at profit
because he gave the full value in the
first instance and nothing was to be
gained by reselling. There was no
bank except a branch OF some Savan-
nah or Charleston institution of that
kind, but the planters transacted
their banking operations through New
York, and when, at the beginning OF
the year. they settled their accounts,
checks on New York provided the
medium of exchange And these
were in the nature of checks against
their cotton crops. which any busi-
ness man of the times was glad o
accept.
Meaning of "TalIahassee."
The meaning of Tallahassee" is
still in dispute, but the best authori.
ties, agree that the town received its
maine from a tribe of Indians of that
name. This tribe or band of Indians
composed of both Seminoles and
Creeks, was in camp near the pres
ent site of the capitol, but under the
treaty made with them they gave I'D
their camps and departed, the Semi.
noles to the South and the Creeks to
join their brethren in Alabama, leav.
ing only the name to hold them in re.
membrance. The commissioners who
selected the place for the capitol for
the newly acquired territory reported
that the site they had selected was
"one and a quarter miles from the
old field in which was camped the
tribe Of Tallahassee" and the name
chung to the place. carrying with It.
as the generally accepted meaning
the definition "old field" There Is
probably an inaccuracy somewhere in
this legend and 1t is suggested that
Mrs. LeVert's definition of the word
Tallahassee, that is beautiful land
should be accepted and handed down
The pioneer settlers, the men Of Vir.
ginia and South Carolina and Geor.
gia. Who came down and possessed
the land evidently thought It beau
tiful land" for here they remained
to found the order of the landed pro
prietor which, during the years be
tween the early settlement and the
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1906-10-14
Lump Of Coal and It's Interesting History
. How 1t Was Formed Many Years Ago and
r, How 1t Is Mined for Our Use Today.

with water plants and trees. The
soil Is as black as Ink from the old,
dead leaves, grasses. roots and stems
which lie In It, and 90 soft that every
thing would sink into 1t, II It were
mot for the matted roots OF the
MOSES, ferns and other plants which
bind 1t together. You may dig Down
for ten or fifteen feet, and find moth
ing but peat made from the remains
of plants which have lived and died
there In succession for ages and ages,
while the black trunks Of the fallen
trees lie here and there, gradually
being covered up by the dead plants.
peat when dried becomes firm and
makes an excellent fire, and II II were
pressed until hard and solid it would
not be unlike coal. Pure peat is free
of earth. The explanation is not diff
fcult Streams flow constantly, or,
rather, ooze, into the Great Dismal
| Swamp from the land that lies to the
west, but instead of bringing mud I'm
with them as rivers do to the sea,
they bring only, pure. clear water,
because. as they filter through the
dense jungle of reeds, ferns and
shrubs which grow around the marsh,
all earth is sifted out and left be-
hind.
1--WE know that the surface Of the
earth is constantly changing. Now
II the land to the east were to sinh
sufficiently to allow stheiisait waite,
Of the Atlantic ocean to steal In. al
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1906-10-14

Tallahassee, beautiful landl" Beau
lul today as it was when the name
Tas bestowed upon it, but In most
her respects-well, the old order
Iaanseth, giving place to the new"
lallahassee in ante bellum days
Cas the home of some Of the "old
amilles' OF the state. whose broad
Plantations, spreading over many
Ffes, sheltered. fed and gave en-
F"yment to numerous black seryftors
70 formed the foundation Of what
las really a sort of landed gentry.
fnere, under their own vines and fig
Iees, lived and loved the generations
ast. Stories Of those days. Of the
dI,les the lavish hospitality, the ma
triai plenty that abounded and the
generous use that was made of 1t,
ave come down to this generation
'ad make famous fireside tales for
dhdsires or grandma's telling, and
LeSe tales. with the innumerable
'nted pages descriptive of the times
ave served to keep alive knowledge
HO ueIO de war.
present to Lafayette.
" was In Leon county, at Tallahas-
II .ne hrst section east of the town
Veheve. that the congress Of the
n.ea states selected a township OF
.d lot a present to the great La
aye''e IN graceful recognition of his
I''ceS during the revolution. Though
" general himself never visited his
'sSeSslons here his grandson, Ed
un1 De Lafayette was entertained
'allahassee several times. That
OF Tallahassee known as
'ehchtown' was so called because
Tue fact that a colony of French
Op.e were brought over who were
'uiuvate the land included In the
10 Lafayette and who lived for
une in that pat of the town that
ans The name mentioned. Sickness
Never, invaded their ranks, and
OOaoly inconsistencies, also, many OF
VIM died here and the rest, disheart.
ga by this, went back to their
.TS in France. The Lafayette
aat was afterwards cut up into
as and disposed Of by the Ameri-
eEent OF the Lafayette family,
IN Edmund Lafayette visited Tai.
assoc he was handsomely enter.
-ed and when his visits occurred
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1906-10-14

civil war, flourished and Powered in
to a civilization and, later, social
life, than which nothing finer has
been known in thin country"
been known in this country"
Tenant Farmers Now
To-day the old order OF landed
gentry" has given way to that Of the
absentee landlord. Descendants of
the planters, in many instances, still
own and, in sense, possess the
land, but they no longer make their
homes upon it. Instead there are
many tenant farmers filling the soil
while the owners live in the town, or
elsewhere in the state, or even in
other sections of the country. 1t is
estimated that rs per cent. of the land
in Leon county is owned by persons
who do not live on it. but who lease
Or rent it for cultivation. About two
thirds of these owners reside now in
the town OF Tallahassee, the rest of
| them outside the state. From this
| failure of the land owners TO live up
on and cultivate their own heritage
OF acres has grown up kind OF feud-
al system The owner of the soil will
have his home in Tallahassee, where
he spends the winter in luxurious
idleness, perhaps, and passes the sum-
mer in travel or in any other manner
his fancy may dictate, while the lands
are cultivated by his tenants, fire.
quently negroes, who pay an annual
rental of 500 pounds of cotton for
forty acres of ground. Here and
there may be found among them a
hard working. ambitious and thrifty
farmer. but the majority are perfect
ly contented and happy if they can
make sufficient to pay the rent and
buv provisions and clothing, both OF
the cheapest kinds. during the year.
Land Is Fertile.
The land is fertile and with proper
and intelligent cultivation would pro-
duce almost anything that can be
grown elsewhere in the state, but
from long neglect by its owners and
the kind of cultivation given it by
the ignorant and unsElled labor
ers. it has reached a point where II
produces now about one-fourth the
amount that it brought forth in the
old days. Besides the failure TO
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1906-10-14

the vegetable matter would gradual
ly be killed and the water from the
streams in the west would no longer
be filtered. but would bring down
mud and leave It as layer over the
dead plants. II the ground went on
sinking TIA the sea covered the
whole place the sea sand would be
thrown down over the clay and, grad
|ualIy pressed down by the weight OF
new sand above, till 1t formed solfd
sandstone and our coal bed becomes
buried deeper and deeper In the
earth.
"At last, after long ages, when the
thick mass Of sandstone above the
bed had been laid down, the sinking
must have stopped and the land have
risen q little, 50 the sea was driven
back; and then the rivers would
bring down earth again and make
another clay-bed. Then a new for
est would spring up, and q. second
bed Of peat and vegetable matter
would begin to accumulate to form
q coal bed many feet above the frs&.
In this manner the different deposits,
or veins, Of coal beds have BEEN
formed.
THE pressure which may be ex-
erted by machinery is absolutely
nothing compared to the weight of
all those hundreds Of feet OF solid
rock which lie over the coal-beds,
and which has pressed them down
for thousands and perhaps millions
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1906-10-14

er, in amazement. - <
II don't know" answered the boy.
But Uncle Joe is out on the veranda
with a lump of coal and is going to
felltus a story about it,
"I believe I'll so along and listen,
too" said the boys father, who used
a great deal Of coal in his manufac-
turing business.
In the first place." said Uncle Joe,
In preface, "the proper way to build
quick fire is to lay the coal with its
layers pointing upward; for. as you
may see from this lump. coal consists
of layer upon layer. If the layers are
laid upright the heat Of the fire be-
low stands far better chance to
shoot through and up. Don't forget
that.
Goal consists of layer upon layer
of fallen vegetation Of long ago. Hun
dreds and thousands of years ago this
lump Of coal now hold in my hand
was being formed by the dropping of
leaves. stems and branches; Just the
same as in the fall we find our carpet
Of leaves overspreading our city
parks.
I'm those days there was no man
with the rake, and the destiny Of the
present was being accomplished. For.
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1906-10-14

toned dinner parties long ago became
extinct, but one is, frequently, cor
daily invited to be present" at a
banquet at one Of the hotels. Because
the town residence is not so spacious
as the mansion of plantation days,
dancing parties at home are of in
frequent occurrence, but opening
balls" also at the hotels, receive
a good deal of attention. Indeed, the
social life of the town seems now to
center round the hotels, one Of the
reasons for this being that Tallahas-
see has become a resort for tourists
and many charming and attractive
people from other states spend, the
winters here and become part OF the
life of the little city. The hotels pro,
vide entertainment for these guests
and invite resident society TO partake
of it also. hence their part in the so.
cial game During sessions of the
legislature the hotel is the center and
almost the circumference of interest
the capitol being largely but the
scene of routine work. Again, the
hotels play a most important part
every four years when the inaugura.
ton of state officials occurs, being al
ways the scene of the inauguration
ball.
New Ideas In Evidence.
Through these various mediums
also, have percolated ideas from the
outside world that have visibly ef
fected life in Tallahassee. As an IL
lustration. it is no longer considered
good taste for young woman t.
, boast that she has never so much a.
swept a room in her life, and as FOL
earning money! oh fie! To-day there
may be found for sale at one of tins
best groceries in town, preserves snt
jeilies, most tempting in appearances
and delicious in taste, that were pre-
pared by some Of the fairest and mos
aristocratic fingers to be met with in
the aristocratic old town. And the
owner of these aristocratic and use
ful fingers still maintains her posi-
ton in society.
But through the old plantation and
slave days have passed away and In
their stead have come the days OF
L1nn->x grubbing, fast living and hur
The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1906-10-14

|Lf IL the coal we. burn these
:" "a days." said Uncle Joe. the
"A Story Teller, was made
hundreds and thousands
Of year ago.
This lump Of coal which hold
"a my hand must be from a great
ief,h. for II seems to be made up of
plant life which fourished long be-
fore plonts had flowers.
IA .hose days there were no men
m earth, and very few animals of
any kind. Giant grasshoppers and
nnnstsr toads were about the only
dnds Of animals then living" .
I'll bet they could Jump some, f."
Arthur.
"Ivmvf We'll, I should say SOL,
respyalAd Uncle 100. Their foot
prtuh ~ the coal would indicate
hat tNsy we're prstty good jumpers
Sov. ran upstairs snd get my knife.
IL tn bishe Is open Be .ure to close
h bseor~ -cu star. dsvottairs."
When Arthur returned with the
tniis Vpnie Joe rsni cir for the
Vhststnte. The whs~stone was
!cckst ap aad Arts-.i had to ask his
|rthsr ter It.
What does Unnis Doe want the
vhststone fort" asked Axthur's faith
The Republican journal. [volume] (Belfast, Me.) 1829-current, 1906-09-06
DREssmAK1Ne NOW AND IN FUTURE

In the New Idea Woman's Magazine
for September Miss Norah Anderson
discusses a number of phases of dress
making in America and gives some &C.
count of the work of the dressmakers'
associations as we'll as noting various
women throughout the country who
have established regulations for the
gowns thew make. Photographs are
shown of Madame Baker, President of
the National Dressmakers' Association,
of Miss Elizabeth A. G. White, Presl-
dent of the Dressmakers' Protective
Association. of Mrs. A. NJ. Parker,
Boise, Idaho, Mrs. F. L. Worst, Lock
port, Ill.,, and Madame l.. l.. Rapp,
Chicago. The writer closes her article
with the following observation con-
corning dressmaking as business FOR
women:
"a representative of the Osborne
dressmaking establishment in New
York was asked what he considered
the qualities of character necessary to
the making of a successful dressmaker.
He named these qualifications: ST
of strong nerves, business head,
to surround oneself with valu Jle
cllenJele, anu laoo' nAoAo IPoAS' w
all, the artistic temperament.
And Madame Baker is quoted IS say
ing: Conditions under which the work
is done improve each year to a marked
degree and better wages go with better
work. There is no question in my mind
but that dressmaklng will eventually
take rank with many of the so-called
professions. Our difficulty has been in
getting girls to learn the trade who
have the ability to rise in it. The aver
age bright girl enjoys surroundings
where there is more doing, where people
are coming and going: She prefers the
the ephemeral life of the shop or the
office, to the routine of dressmaker's
apprentice room We are, however,
beginning to convince her that there is
far greater future in dressmaking
than in many an apparently more am
bilious calling"
The Republican journal. [volume] (Belfast, Me.) 1829-current, 1906-09-06

At Probate Court held at Belfast. within and for
the County of Waldo, on the second Tuesday OF
August, A. D. 1906.
A certain instrument, purporting to be the last
"A will and testament of William T. Rogers late
of Belfast in said County of Waldo, deceased,
having been presented for probate.
Ordered, That notice be given to all persons in
terested by causing copy of this order to be
published three weeks successfully in The Repub
iican journal, published at Belfast, that they
may appear at Probate Court, to be held at
Belfast. within and for said County, on the sec
ond Tuesday OF September next, at ten of the
clock before noon, and show cause If any they
have why the same should not be proved, ap-
proved and allowed.
GEO. E. JOHNSON, Judge.
true copy. Attest
CHAs. P. HAZELTINE, Register.
The Republican journal. [volume] (Belfast, Me.) 1829-current, 1906-09-06

At a Probate Court held at Belfast, within and
for the County of Waldo, on the second Tuesday
of August. A. d. 1905.
A certain instrument. purporting to be the last
"A will and testament of Abijah Wheeler Hardy,
late of Winterport, in said County of Waldo, de-
ceased, having been presented for probate,
Ordered, That notice be given to all persons in
terested by causing copy of this order to be
ilcan journal. published at Belfast, that they
may appear at Probate Court, to be held at Bel
fast, within and for said County, on the second
Tuesday of eptember next, at ten of the clock
before noon, and show cause, if any they have,
why the same should not be proved, approved
and allowed.
GEO.-E. JOHNSON, Judge.
true copy. Attest:
CHAs. P. HAZELTINE. Register.
The Republican journal. [volume] (Belfast, Me.) 1829-current, 1906-09-06

AT A Probate Court held at Belfast, within and
for the County of Waldo, the 14th day of
August, A. d. 1906.
MARGARET L. ABBOTT, administrators of the
M estate of William Glidden. late of Freedom,
i'm said County of Waldo, deceased, having pre-
sented petition praying that she may be licensed
to sell at public or private sale and convey the
whole of the real estate of said deceased
Ordered, That the said petitioner give notice to
all persons interested by causing copy of this
order to be published three weeks successfully in
The republican Journal newspaper published
Court, to be held at Belfast, within and for said
county, on the llth day of September, AID. 1906,
al ten of the clock before noon, and show cause if
any they have why the prayer of said petitioner
should not be granted.
GEO. E, JOHNSON, Judge.
A true copy. Attest:
CHAs. p. HAZELTINE, Register.