davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The diamond drill. (Crystal Falls, Iron County, Mich.) 1887-1996, 1906-10-27
The b 4 l. r.

The Duluth a. Iron Range road has
placed an order with the Barney q
Smith Car Company Of Dayton. ohio.
tor 4 handsome new combination oh.
servation- buffet car, which will be put
in service on the afternoon train out Of
Duluth when it il delivered
The road operates a similar car on
the morning train at present mas
much as the evening train does not
reach some range points until after
supper hour. II il expected that the
new car will be well patronized
The Duluth Missabe q Northern
road has found the operation of cate
cars on both its trains profitable
move
The new car will be - triumph Of
the ear builder art, and will contain
all Of the comforts and furnishings
that the up-to.date parlor Of today
boasts of
The Barney * Smith company is also
building two new passenger coaches
for the Duluth & Iron Range All Of
the new rolling stock is expected TO 20
into commission 10y spring.
Next year will see the Duluth a Iron
Range with large additions to Is roll
ing stock Several new locomotives
nave been ordered A. well As steel ore
cars
The diamond drill. (Crystal Falls, Iron County, Mich.) 1887-1996, 1906-10-27
R0l|O0d News
I %. Il. " |.

The Chicago and North Western rail.
road new cutoff line between Green
Bay and Manitowoc was opened for
traffic Mondsy Train No. 3, left Mil.
waukee at 10 20 q. m. over the new
route. arrived at Manitowoc at l05
p. m. al Green bay at 2 :5a D. an. and
at Menomipee at 4 :55 p. m. A south
Mound train left Menominee at $50 a.
M Green Bay at | 10 p. m. Mani
towoc at 2 80 p. m. and arrived In
Milwaukee at $3.50 p. IN. Another
train left Manitowoc at o 80 a. M. ar
living in Green Bay at o a. m. and re-
turning it left Green Bay at il:l5 a.
M arriving at Manitowoc at ? ;55 p.
M and in Milwaukee, 80 p. IN.
The unusually rich natural resources
OF the northern part OF Wisconsin have
been recognized TO their full value by
the Chicago and North Western railway
management. with the result that from
Milwaukee system for radiating lines
tAltDO lHAV AAAN lNHlOh anu
through it to the Lake Superior iron
and copper country. Just at present
Milwaukee has an opportunity for fur
ther development OF business in. this
region by taking advantage of the ter
ritory that Is being thrown open by
lines that are now under construction,
along which new towns are being
founded and built mp rs fast as the
rails are laid
The towns OF Francis Greek. Married..
Denmark, and Bellevue are provided
with railway communication by the
new Manitowoc Green Bay line. North
of Green Bay two new lines are being
constituted, one northwest 70 Shawano
and Bland Junction, and the other
north 10 point near Gillett.
Last summer line was opened from
Laona north TO junction with the
peninsula division OF the North Western
road at Saunders. near the Wisconsin
Michigan state line, experimenting the
new road from Gillett to Laona ana
providing an additional direct route
from the newly opened harwdood lands
of that region 10 Milwaukee.
Still further development is taking
place farther west. where the North
Western has opened a line from Mercer
to Baskerville. which penetrates a hard
wood region similar to that reached by
the Laona line.
These lines provide an outlet for the
lumber products and enable the settler
TO pay for his land from the timber cut
upon it while clearing it for argicul-
tura purposes
The diamond drill. (Crystal Falls, Iron County, Mich.) 1887-1996, 1906-10-27
Sam Bridges.

Ii you have loet yor boyhood spirit.
courage and confidence of.,youth. we
offer you new life, fresh courage and
freedom from i'll health in HolIister ;
Rocky Mountain Tea. 80 cents, Tea
or Tablets.
Sam Bridges.
The diamond drill. (Crystal Falls, Iron County, Mich.) 1887-1996, 1906-10-27
ZIIS
TINE TABLE
rrains Leaving c'a@plon.

trains Leaving Csampion.
IN EFFEc1 "a. 3. 1906
For Montreal the East aud Lower
Michigan. '3;Gan
For Houghton and the Copper
Country. SIX m
For Houghton and The Copper
Country. 'g.@am
For Duluth. superior. GOgeblc
Range points. OntonagOn.
ROckland Mass. etc. -g.a5 M
For Tshpem,ng. Negaunee. Mar
auette .eiNam
For Detroit and the East. 'i;l5 pm
For Houghton and Copper Coun-
Try points aippm
For Tshpeming Negaunee. Mar
auette S0pm
TRAINS LEAvE RRPUHLfc
For Houghton aud the Copper
Country, 400 on
For Ishpeming Negaunee and
Marquette. 400 "a
sDAu.Y.
DAILY EXCEPT SUNDAY
For tickets. time tables. or other tnfor-
nation. apply 20 agents a. above points or a.
JAS. NANCY, MART ADsoN.
A. q. l.. A. G.. p. A.
DULUTH, MINI
The diamond drill. (Crystal Falls, Iron County, Mich.) 1887-1996, 1906-10-27

The pear IL 10 a large extent subject
TO the same insects and diseases which
attack the apple. The programme for
the care of the apple orchard viii
therefore serve very well for the pear
orchord also. That special pest OF the
pear. the slug. which appears In june.
Is treated by spraying with an arsenlte.
with Kerosene emulsion or with a de
coctlon OF white hellebore or applying
mixture OF hellebore and Hour or
lime with a powder gun.
The same programme as for apple
and pear applies TO the ounce The
apple borer and codling moth attack
this fruit The ounce curculio comes
from late May 10 July aud IL fought
by Jarring.
Peach and Piua.
About the lat OF August examine the
peach trees for borer larvae and de
stroy all that are found
With the plum follow the July and
August programme given for borcr In
apple and peach.
The diamond drill. (Crystal Falls, Iron County, Mich.) 1887-1996, 1906-10-27
q & y Isl.

President Marvin Hughitt Chief In.
gineer. Edward g. Carter and thirty
other North Western railroad officials,
stockholders aud engineers dedicated
the 81, 900, O0Os bridge across the Fox
river at Green Bay Saturd' y A special
train from Chicago carried the railroad
men across the structure In the initial
trip Of passenger cars.
Inspection was made 10y Carer who
pronounced the bridge satisfactory.
The bridge is one Of the longest ia toe
state and the most costly in Wisconsin.
The road heads west from that city
over the new extension to Manitowuc.
.CM.& SIP
More than 3. 600 men are now doing
railroad building in Fergus county and
IL is EXPECTED that this force will be
kept at work thruout the winter. Both
the Milwaukee and the Billings &
Northern extension OF the Burlington
are being pushed forward. John Quincy
Adams o. Chicago, who is now here. il
quoted as saying that he will have
s. 600 perrons located on the immense
tract ranch lands purchased during the
year by him for the syndicate of Mil
waukee road men.
The diamond drill. (Crystal Falls, Iron County, Mich.) 1887-1996, 1906-10-27
DENATuRED ALCOHOL.


Denatured alcohol j. supply the CON-
mercial grade % pure alcohol 90 which
Is added wood alcohol or some other
material that makes Il entirely unfit
for a beverage or for medicinal pur-
poses Alcohol " a product of the de.
composition OF sugar or more properly,
glucose by the action OF fcrments such
as yeast Any substance which con
talns sugar or substances such a.
starch. vegetable fiber. etc. which can
be- converted into sugar can be- used
rs source OF alcohol. The most i'm
portant sources used commercially are
grapes potatoes. beets and other root
crops and grains. especially rye. bar
ley, corn ana rice. Many other fruits
besides grapes are used for example.
apples. peaches and cherries. E'ibers
such as cotton. linen and hemp. after
chemical treatment 60 change the
woody fiber into glucose. have also
been used successfully
How Made In Commerce.
In commerce the process Is simply an
Improvement on the home process OF
making wine from grapes. currants or
other fruit juices. A vat Is filled with
liquid properly warmed. and yeast *
added and stirred. Soon bubbles OF
carbonlc acid gas appear and gradually
Increase until the liquid looks as IL II
were boiling. In about twenty four
hours the bubbling gradually ceases.
the liquid becomes clear. aud about
forty eight hours from the start Il Is
ready for distIllation. This dstillatlon
depends upon the difference In temper.
allure at which alcohol aud water boil.
the former requiring considerably less
heat to turn into vapor. II also de.
ponds upon the condensation OF vapor
into liquid when the temperature falls.
Fertilization Processes.
In practice. with the simple forms OF
stlll. there are always more or less wa.
ter and volatile substances. such ms ~.
sentlal oils and acetic acid. present In
the condensed product. which must
therefore be purified by other processes.
The most common OF these processes
10 successive distillation. the liquid re
sulting from the first distllatlon being
again and again distilled until the prod
uce Is pure. Thus. 10 give theoretical
example. starting with an original
crude liquid containing per cent alco-
hol. its condensed vapor may contain
90 per cent Of alcohol This second
liquid redlstiled may yield liquor
containing 10 per cent alcohol. a third
distillation may produce solution go
per cent pure. and so on The necessity
for this Redistribution aud the remov-
nj OF undesirable impurities has given
rise 10 vast variety Of complicated
apparatus.
Making 10 In small Way.
The foregoing outline. from AmerI-
can Agriculturist, OF the process OF
alcohol. especially the
mention Of much and complicated APP
paratus. indicates that for farmer to
make alcohol from the refuse OF his
The diamond drill. (Crystal Falls, Iron County, Mich.) 1887-1996, 1906-10-27
A San Francisco dispatch says

Sam Bridges.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1906-07-21
THE oITY,s MUSIC.
Two Later Strains in It That Are Pc
culiarly Modern and Stirring.
rom the New York Sun.

From the New York Sun.
Peculiarly modern among the city's
sounds are the resonant rattle of the pneu-
matte riveters and the incessant purring of
the pneumatic stone carving tool, the first
coming down to US from the lofty skeleton
OF some steel frame building under con-
struction and the latter from the stone
front OF q building upon which men are
doing the finishing carving.
Both sounds make music so full of en-
ergy and hustle that 1t may cause men to
move faster when they hear it. Let these
tools be in use where they can be seen
nearby and men will halt, at the sound of
them to look on. Familiar as they have
now become they still seem marvellous
SO evelastingly does the pneumatic riveter
beat the old-time riveting hammer and the
pneumatic stone carving tool the old-time
mallet and chisel.
Here were caryers, canvas curtain hung
behind them, standing on the sidewalk in
front of new building on lower Broad
way. carving pattern marked on course
Of stone set in the building down there
close to the ground; pretty much all stone
carving on buildings is done nowadays after
tho stone has been put IN place.
Once the carving was done before the
stone was brought to the ground: now they
carve capitals, anything, afeer the stone
has been set In the building. and do In
days or In hours, with modern tools, work
that used to take weeks.
II was granite course that these men
were at work upon in that building IN lower
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1906-07-21
Slang in the Schools.
n the Philadelphia Ledger.

From the Philadelphia Ledger.
The board of education's committee on
elementary schools has ordered teachers 10
expurgate slang from their vocabulary. It
is not TO be inferred from this action that
the OF slang is general with Philadel-
phia teachers. but there are doubtless some
unconscious offenders against the vernac-
ular among them.
Many expressions that once were slang
have become firmly imbedded in the Ian
guage. There is a mysterious process of
survival which in time transforms slang
word or phrase into accepted English
Much of the current slang Of the street is
vulgar and meaningless. 1t has been OBJ
served that great deal of the slang
makers skill is spent on ideas which make
the slang dictionary at its best an unpre-
sentable book while short of this limit
there is an ugly air about lists of words
so largely coined by Yagabonds.'
There are many slang expressions which
from their nativity and association. well
their inherent vulgarity. may properly
be termed the criminals Of the language
Careless persons who use these expressions
have no idea OF their genesis and original
meaning. They have become popular
phrases which have taken on the garb of
responsibility. The language is sufficiently
afffuent for lively conversation without
drawing upon the rogue's lexicon to en-
Iiven il.
some slang IS not disreputable but in the
interest of pure speech the slang habit
should be vigilanty avoided. Brander Mat
tbews in an essay on the functions of
slang remarks:
II am not advocating the indlscrminate
employment Of the cheap phrases Of the day.
the meaningless catchwords which succeed
each other III the popular vocabulary. On
the contrary. / am glad to have a chance
to say that a gentleman and a scholar Is
never regardless and never reckless in his
use of language"
Teachers. above all others. save parents.
should use faultless expressions In the pres
ence of their charges. Children are exceed
ingly initiative. They appropriate obJec-
tionable coiloouialisrns as readily as they
acquire good English. The language of the
street Is often corrupting, and unless the
standards are preserved in the home and
in the school young people are sure to
adopt vicious habits OF speech which are
hard to correct.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1906-07-21
WIRELESS is TEN YEARS OLD.
Great Strides Made in a Single Dec
ade of Experiment.

Fro,a the Scientific American.
Wireless telegraphy Is now ten years old.
on June .. 1896 there was fled in the Brit
ish patent Office provisional specification
FOR improvements in transmitting cleo
trical impulses and signals and In appara-
utus therefor" by one Guglelmo Marconi.
residing at II Hereford road. Bayswater.
England.
At the time this patent was applied for
the art OF transmitting messages without
wires was wholly unknown, in so far as its
practice and utilization were concerned.
Marconi was perhaps the most persistent
experinenter in the bridging of greater dis
tanees, while very early in the development
OF the new telegraphy Lodge turned his at
tenuon 10 the production of sele tive sys-
TEN by means of electrical resonance.
The former succeeded so well in his task
that from three miles in 1897 he was ela-
bled TO send and receive signals 5000 miles
in 19ot while the latter, although he failed
TO evolve q commercially selective appar-
atus. led the way fer the timing of the
sending and receiving circuits Individually
and syntonizing them collectively.
= Another important feature of recent date
Is the utilization Of auto-detectors In con-
nectien with telephone receivers as recep-
tors for the translation OF incoming electric
waves into the aiphabetic code OF dots and
dashes
De Forest was probably the first in the
commercial field to use the auto-deteetor
and telephone receiver. while Fessenden has
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1906-07-21

tinued DR.. Day. 'sThere are also metals
of Industrial worth containing enormous
possibilities A great part OF the sand -
made up OF magnetic iron, which by lit
tie electric furnace made last year we are
able to turn into excellent steel. All along
the Pacific coast from Puget sound to the
southern end OF California this black sand
exists In great quantities. It lies In de-
posits back from the coast on lodges and
headlands, and Is washed up by the sea at
every high tide. being rolled over and over
and thrown out upon the beach In that
sand, Il 1t were separated from the other
minerals. there is enough iron TO fill Lake
Superior afld make 1t solid iron ore. This
Is on the estimate of working sands that
contain only 10 per cent of magnetic iron,
and some contain far more. Suppose We
had FIVE hundred furnaces situated along
that coast, and that each should handle
but one hundred tons of ore a day. Alto
gether they would handle fifty thousand
tens per day, and at three hundred days to
the year have an annual output of fifteen
million tons. or about one-third as much as
the iron product OF the whole United
States: That would make the Pacific slope
one of the great Industrial centers of our
country, and also the workshop for China,
Japan and the remainder OF the orient IN
deed the steel tracks for Chfnas new rail-
roads may yet come from the black SANDS
of the Pacific"
Smelling by Electricity.
DR.. Day tells me that these iron sands
can be turned into steel by means or cleo
tricity at lower cost than ordinary iron
can be smelted with coal. Only very
small amount of coke is needed and the
electricity does the work at 30 cents less
per ton. This is very important to the
Pacific coast. as it Is now producing some
of the cheapest electricity known to the
world. It furnishes it in many places at
lower rates than at Niagara, and at as low
as seven or eight dollars per horsepower
per year. This means that the Pacific
slope, with the many streams running
down It's mountain sides, is Just as well on
as though 1t had vast deposits of smelling
COAL and that electricity Is to make the
iron used by the west in the future.
Uncle Sans Little Furnace at Port
land.
During the Portland exposition Uncle Sam
at the instance Of DR.. Day put up a little
furnace there to experiment on these sands.
The Canadian government had sent a COM
mission to Europe to report what is
going on there in the reduction Of iron by
electricity. and it was on the basis of that
report that the furnace was made The
man who did the work was expert named
Wilson of the Wilson Aluminium Company,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1906-07-21

which have been filled with platinum and
tightly corked. They were buried In the
sands, and there are various traditions as
to where they are hidden. A bottle the
size Of the ordinary cigar filled with plat
tnum Is worth at least 800. and those six
bottles contain about $4,000 worth of
this most precious of the white metals.
Just where they lie no one has yet been
able TO ascertain. and the hunt goes on.
The average placer miner of the west
has long known of the existence of plat
mum in black sand, but he has never made
much effort to save It. This has been ow-
ing to the ignorance regarding the metal
and Its value, and also to some unsuc-
cessful attempts to dispose of Ii. Not
long ago a miner from Oregon sent to the
east three skins of the sea otter and
twenty-five pounds OF platinum. He got
something like 81 900 skin for the OF
tiers, but only realized 81 a pound for his
not know; but at the present prices his
platinum should have brought him about
$4,000.
Platinum and Gold.
BY the use OF the separating tables em-
ployed by DR.. Day for getting the metals
from the black sand, the grains of plati-
mum and gold are taken out at a cost of a
few cents per ton. The platinum which has
formerly gone to waste can now be saved,
and 1t will form an important by-product
of most placer mines When found In con-
nectfon with gold II remains in the sluices
with other heavy materials. In panning, 1t
will even stay behind the gold in the pan.
1t Is known by its great weight its white
color, and its resistance to nitri, acid In
general platinum grains are smaller than
gold grains and large nuggets are rare.
The new experiments with the tables to
be used for saving the ore will result In
an enormous increase OF gold from certain
of nlqc6r mines So far the most of
the gold saved has been by means of mer-
curry in sluice boxes. The dirt containing
the gold has been washed into these boxes
and saved with quicksilver. A great deal of
the gold, however, our biologists now find,
has never been touched by the quicksilver.
It has been coated with copper or other
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1906-07-21

which has taken out patents for certain
electric furnaces. Mr.. Wilson arrived in
Portland last October, and at the end OF one
week he had made a furnace and was pro-
ducing steel from these sands. His furnace
turned out good steel In fifty-pound lots the
day it began to work, and 1t had capacity
Of half ton of steel a day. 1t was, OF
course, small and experimental, but it work
ed right along without hitch. It was run
for month for one thausand dollars and
this included the original cost of construc-
ton and all labor and cost of operation dur
ing that time. To shaw how quickly it could
pc worked, Dr. Day and a party started at
2:3O one afternoon. with everything cold
ana within less than three hours they had
made a quarter Of a ton of steel. The sand
used for making that steel was from bags
brought from Monterey bay, just below San
Francisco. The sand was taken from, the
bags, run over the concentrating tables to
get out the gold and other minerals then
dfled, ana the magnetic Iron In 1t taken out
and run into steel. At the same time the
gold in the sand was melted into a button.
and all was done before pm. If electrical
furnaces were established on Monterey bay
they might now be furnishing the steel for
the rebuilding of San Francisco.
DR.. Day tells me that Uncle Sans little
furnace could be run at profit for smelt-
ing certain kinds OF steel, and that for five
thousand dollars two furnaces could, be put
up; one Tor smelling and the other for re-
timing. which would make money right
along, day in and day out.
Opportunities for Farmers and Miners.
These new discoveries as to the separation
and saving of the metals in the black sands
VIII result in the building up of part of
oregon which is now so wild that elk roam
the Wooas and that one can buy bear skin
there for fifty cents or dollar. This is what
Dr. Day tells me he paid for skins In those
regions. Much of the land is good for farm
ing. put now inaccessible by railroad Some
OF IL hes along the beach and some on the
rivers where there Is black sand In the fI-
lure the farmers may own their own con-
centration tables which they can use for
the separation OF the metals. They can pile
up their iron ore. and in time 1t will be
| taken out by the railroads For thousand
dollars mining proposition of this kind can
be established.
FRANK G. CARPENTER.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1906-07-21
metals which resist the action of mercury
and has been thrown away as waste.
Saved 73 Cents; Lost $50.

metals which resist the action of mercury
and has been thrown away as waste.
Saved 70 Cents; Lost $50.
DR. Day showed me a little bottle con-
tanning what looked like grains and scraps
of copper which he told me were grains
of almost pure gold. Said he:
The man who owned the mine from
which this gold was taken was saving. rs
cents for every ton of dirt washed, while
no was throwing away $50 worth OF gold
as refuse copper When specimens OF the
waste were sent to me thought they were
copper. I tested them with nitric acid with
no result. then treated them with hydro
little more like gold, and when l showed
them to my assistant he said at once that
they were gold and he took them and
melted them down into a gold button, which
was worth 81 Dan ounce
There IS great deal of gold in the
Back sand that has never been gotten out, -
continued DIR. Day, "and there IS much
black sand. containing quantities of gold
which las not been worked because the
was hard to handle and the miners pre-
ferred to go TO other places where the
sand was less In quantity, even though 1t
contained less gold. BY running the black
Hnd over the Wiley, Pinder and other
tables we find that we save from 90
to 9S per cent OF the gold and platinum. and
at the same time separate the other metals
SO that they can be reduced"
An Iron Nugget as Big as Lake su-
perior.
'''rhe gold and platinum are by no means
the only values in the black sand con-