davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Lexington gazette. [volume] (Lexington, Va.) 1871-1962, 1906-06-13
NITRO CULTURES.
Results of a Field Test Designed to
Throw Light on Their Value.

Throw Light on Their Value.
The Georgia farmer has during the
past year or 80 become deeply inter-
ested In the use and distribution Of
commercial nitro cultures for legumes,
particularly those for the cowpea and
alfalfa. Their sale at relatively costly
figures has also been extensive, and
many public testimonials, some Of them
very highly colored, regarding the sup
posed efficacy of these preparations
have been published from time to
lime. The state experiment station has
therefore pursued a line of work the
object of which was to present the
public with a clear, unbiased state
ment of the results of field test de-
signed TO throw some light upon their
value conducted fairly and impartially,
yet under conditions as favorable as
could possibly be devised for the COM
mercial nitro culture to "get In It's
work"
Soil Already Full of Bacteria.
1t is now reported that an examina-
ton of the experimental plats planted
in Iron cowpeas, one plot lnoculated
and the other untreated, disclosed the
fact that both were equally covered by
noduIes. critical examination failing
to reveal the slightest difference be-
tween them.
Hence not only is the conclusion In
evitable that inoculating the seed with
the commercial nitro culture for cow
peas gave no results in this expert
ment, but also that no results could
have been obtained on account OF the
fact that the soil was already thor
oughly infested. If, therefore, an ex-
haustive search for a plot Of uninocu-
lated soil met with failure, it is most
unlikely that the average soil of this
section will anywhere be found unin-
tested.
The Conclusion For Georgia.
The brief conclusion Of the whole
matter by Mr.. Starnes, who writes the
report, Is:
First.-That few soils throughout
middle Georgia are likely to be found
not already thoroughly colonized or IN
oculated with the special form Of P.
radicieola which uses the cowpea as its
host.
Second.-Consequently, whether the
commercially distributed cotton dried
nitro culture for the cowpea does or
does not contain living colonies OF this
bacterium, 1t is valueless here.
Lexington gazette. [volume] (Lexington, Va.) 1871-1962, 1906-06-13
Cattle RYprOducfa.

Cattle furnish. besides food, no end Of
articles in common USE Your toilet or
laundry soap is made from their
grease; the curled hair In your chair
and the bristles In your shoe brush are
from their tails. AS for the steer, again,
your combs are made from his horns;
your toothbrush handle and the mouth
piece Of your pipe were once part OF
his thigh bone; your knife handle
comes from his shin bone; the buttons
on your coat and your wife's hairplns
are from his hoofs; neatsfoot oil repre-
sents his slnews, and the prepared
food you throw to your chickens Is re-
duced from his blood; also the pepsin
you buy at the druggists Is made from
a pigs stomach; the grease extracted
from the wool of sheep after slaughter
vs. converted into potash.
Lexington gazette. [volume] (Lexington, Va.) 1871-1962, 1906-06-13
ANOTHER ALPINE TUNNEL.
New Railway Line Planned 20 Pierce
the Bernese Alps.

New Railway Line Planned TO Pierce
the Bernese Alps.
Consul Keene writes from Geneva
that since the Simplon tunnel has been
opened to traffic the subject Of the
lines Of access to the new lnterna-
tlonal railroad is being constantly dis
cussed In Switzerland:
Besides the Faucille line through the
Jura range, near Geneva, which has
been talked about for years past, a
new tunnel through the Bernese Alps
between the Canton Of Berne and the
Canton Of Valals, from which the
Slmplon line passes to Italy, Is under
active and practical consideration.
The board Of directors Of the commit
tee having that new enterprise In
charge held a general meeting re-
Gently and unanimously approved
the project submitted by Chief Engi-
neer NJ. Zolllnger for a line to pierce
the Bernese Alps under the Lotschberg.
Electrical traction will be used and the
new tunnel will be 2-5 miles long.
The total cost Is estimated at $10,984,-
600 at the outside.
"a Franco-SwIss syndicate of lead
ing bankers and engineers, at the head
Of which is the firm of ]. LHoste &
Co. of Paris, have pledged themselves
to submit within two months from
now their formal contract for execut-
ing the work"
Lexington gazette. [volume] (Lexington, Va.) 1871-1962, 1906-06-13
COLOR AND HEALTH.
influence of Certain Rays of Light
on Various Diseases.

On NdEAOuH DAbCuhCHs
How far the use of color may affect
the public health or even act as cure
for particular diseases is once more
receiving the attention of certain sec
tons Of the medical profession
In q medical journal 1t was recently
eontended that certain colors have a
favorable effect upon sufferers from
phthisis, and 1t was recommended that
consumptives should carefully select
their clothing with view Of employ
Ing only those colors that are inimical
to the disease. The theory Is that GER
tain rays of light have a bacterieldal
effect and therefore the clothing should
be of such cOlors as will allow free
access to the beneficial rays.
Obviously this theory Is no new one,
for 1t Is the basis on which the late
DR.. Finsen reared his memorable flight
cure" for lupus and similar diseases.
Finsen himself was led to his conclu-
slons by the practice Of medical men
who employed various colors In the
cure of disease long before the modern
germ theory had been evolved.
More than thirty years ago DR.. Pan
coast published q very curious book,
entitled "Blue and Red Light" In this
volume are detailed many cases Of
cures effected by the employment Of
different colors. Tinted Illustrations
are given of the doctors blue and red
rooms, in which the patients, dressed
in garments of either color, recllne on
couches directly under the sunlight
filtered through blue or red glass.
Lexington gazette. [volume] (Lexington, Va.) 1871-1962, 1906-06-13
THE TURKISH KAlK.
II More Closely Resembles the Con-
dOIa Than Any Other Craft.

II More Closely Resembles the Con-
doIa Than Any Other Craft.
Crawford, the author, to whose skill
full pen COnstantinople is Indebted for
one Of the most charming volumes ever
Issued In Its praise. has a word to say
about the Turkish boatmen and their
vehicle, the kalk.
"Constantlnople owes much" writes
he, ito the matchless beauty Of the
three waters which run together be-
meath Its walls, and much Of their
reputation again has BECOME world
wide by the kaik. 1t Is disputed and
disputable whether the Turks copied
the Venetian gondola or whether the
Venetians initiated the Turkish kaik,
but the resemblance between them ID
so strong as to make 1t certain that
they have q common origin. Take
from the gondola the 'felse,' or hood,
and the rostEated stem and the re-
mainder is practically the kaik. 1t IL
of all craft of its size the swiftest. the
most easy to handle and the most com
Portable, and the Turks generally are
admitted to be the best oarsmen In
Europe.
Indeed, they have need to be, for
both the Bosporus and the Golden
Horn are crowded with craft Of every
kind and made dangerous by the swift
est of currents. The distances, too, are
very great and such as no ordinary
Oarsman would undertake for pleasure
or for the sake Of exercise. 1t is no
Joke to pull fifteen or sixteen miles
against stream which In some places
runs four or five knots an hour"
Lexington gazette. [volume] (Lexington, Va.) 1871-1962, 1906-06-13
A Grape Fruit Grove.

A man certainly requires patience
and capital to attempt to make an
orangeor grape fruit grove in the south
ern end of Florida, but when he has
brought his grove to full bearing he
has as solid an investment as can be
found. His profits increase each year
and the value of the property likewise.
He is too far south to ever fear injury
to trees or fruit from cold, and trees
once established in these rocks are
drought proof The rocks foot or so
down are always moist, even In the
drlest times The tree roots work
through the rocks in all directions and
apparently get something out of the
rocks besides the moisture. Groves
that are from six to ten years old and
In good condition are valued at from
81, 900 to 81, 800 an acre, says Dade
county correspondent of the. Country
Gentleman.
Lexington gazette. [volume] (Lexington, Va.) 1871-1962, 1906-06-13
NEWS AND VIEWS

Some one has figured 1t out that to-
day more than 100000 Americans
live on almost 100000 farms. One
breadwinner in every three is a farmer.
One of the best indications of the ire
mendous influx of new settlers TO
North Dakota Is seen In the movement
of farmers from the states of the mid
die west. Illinois. Indiana, Iowa, Wis
consin and Nebraska particularly are
sending throng of sturdy and expert
enced farmers to the northwest
Ohio Is said TO deserve the name
"hayseed state" of the Union because
she cuts ana cures more hay OF all
kinds than any state in this country.
Nearly all the destruction caused by
insects comes frorl not taking time by
the forelock. People wait until a horde
Of destructive insects suddenly aD-
pears. and then comes the query,
"What are they, and how can ! d.
stroy themf'
Lexington gazette. [volume] (Lexington, Va.) 1871-1962, 1906-06-13
GARDEN HINTS

Plant cucumbers in the open grouno
the latter part of May. Cuoumbers IN
frames need plenty OF sun and care
full airing.
Set sweet potato plants eighteen 70
twenty-four inches apart May ~ 70
Iune 10 In we'll enriched ridges four
feet apart.
The double curled parsley makes q
nretty border edging and Is very con-
yenient to pick for garnish to Vari-
Gus dishes.
Nitrate of soda GOO pounds or more
an acre. applied to beets, spinach,
radIshes. cabbage, -eaulffiowef, onions,
celery. etc, Will push them along With
the rapid growth that means tenoer-
mess and fine quality.
Early tomato plants may be set OUT
the latter part of May II the ground
Is warm and the weather fair and
promising Should late cold wave
threaten them protect them In some
way, perhaps by covering With ooxeS
or a little straw.
Lexington gazette. [volume] (Lexington, Va.) 1871-1962, 1906-06-13
THE FIRST AIR BRAKE.
What It DID When Westinghouse
Finally Won N Trial

Persons who should have known bet
ter thought Westinghouse visionary
when they were told that he proposed
to stop a train by air. Nobody SEEM
ed inclined to let him try his plan on
q real train, but they did not object to
his working a model Of 1t In a shop
where he couldn't do any harm or In
volve anybody else in expense. He
knew his scheme would work, but he
could not make any one else believe it.
30 he continued to sell his invention
for replacing deralled cars ON the
tracks and to talk about his brake to
any railroad man who was willing to
listen.
"Well, have you ever stopped train
with this air thing Of yoursT they
would ask.
No, he couldn't say that he had done
SO. Nobody would let him try 1t eveA
on train of dump cars.
One day he arrived in Pittsburg, sell
ing his other invention and talking
about his brake notion to man con-
nected with a railroad out there.
"That's a great Idea Of yours" said
the man. I'VE Will try 1t on our line"
SO the officials of this railroad per-
mitted Westinghouse to put his new
"klckshaw" on one of tAeir trains.
But he had to agree to indemnify the
road for any damage that might be
oo,,nod g. 49, 4raIn n % fha rocnif ~ fha
trials. The train was equipped. On
the designated day the confident In
ventor and a group Of skeptical rail-
way men boarded the train on which
the first air brakes were fixed. on
went the train on It's trial trip. The en-
gineer put on full speed, and just as
he had rounded curve he saw ahead,
at grade crossing and In the middle
Of the track, q loaded wagon, q man
and boy and balky horse The en-
gineer moved his little lever, and the
first train that was ever stopped by
air pulled up at standstill several
feet short Of the obstruction.
Thus. on It's first trial, the Westing-
house air brake saved life and prevent
ed damage to property. Thenceforward
talking was unnecessary; all that had
to be done was to make brakes. The
inventor thought Of that clause secur-
ing compensation to the railroad for
any damage he might do to the train,
and he laughed. His fortune dated
from that day. He was then only
twenty-two.-Arthur Warren in Sue
cess.
Lexington gazette. [volume] (Lexington, Va.) 1871-1962, 1906-06-13
White Velvet Okrn.

Okra Is distinctly a southern Vege'
table and is highly appreciated by
many southerners. 1t grows In most
of our gardens, but frequently the va
riety grown Is an inferior one.
The white velvet is by all odds the
best we have. 1t excels In two I'M.
portant particulars. The stickers OF
splnes which make the handling OF
okra unpleasant are much less promi'
nent and troublesome In this variety,
and the pod remains tender much
longer.
Usually there will be found consid-
cradle difference in the productiveness
and quality Of the pods of the different
stalks. Some will approach the COM
mon Okra in roughness, while some
stalks will branch little and bear only
q few pods. The remedy Is to select
your own seed from stalks which are
uniform In quality Of pod and which
branch freely and put on plenty OF
fruit.-Southern Cultivator.
Lexington gazette. [volume] (Lexington, Va.) 1871-1962, 1906-06-13
Brothers and Sisters.

1t has been proved again and again
that boy without a sister Is much to
be pitied; that a girl without a brother
is to be condoled with. And why? Be
cause the mutual society improves
both. The boy teaches the girl to be
wider minded, less petty and narrow,
more manly physically, and, above all,
to understand something Of the OPP
posite sex. Again, the boy Is hum
dredfold nicer for having sister. He
confdes his little scrapes to her, and
she, with her gentle Unborn goodness,
helps him and advises him to avoid the
pitfall again.-London Queen. At.
Lexington gazette. [volume] (Lexington, Va.) 1871-1962, 1906-06-13
LITTLE BABY'S
AWFUL HUMOR
Thin Skin Formed Over Body and
Under it Was Watery Blood
When Washed It Would Burst
and Break Suffered for Weeks
Now Sound and Well
CURED IN ONE WEEK BY
CUTICURA REMEDIES

"When my little girl baby was one
week old she had a skin disease. A
thin skin formed over her body and
under it was watery blood, and when
she was washed it would burst and
break. She was in that condition for
weeks, and I tried everything l could
think of, but nothing did her any good.
When she was three months old took
her to San Antonio to see q doctor, but
the doctor we wanted to see was not
at home, so my sister gave me cake OF
Cuticura Soap and half box of Cuti-
cura Ointment, and told me to use
them, which l did in time. I used
them three times, and the humor began
to fade; and in one week she was sound
and well, and it has never returned
since. Think every mother should keep
the Cuticura Remedies in the house.
Yours truly, Mrs. H. Aaron, Benton,
Texas, July 8, 1905"
Lexington gazette. [volume] (Lexington, Va.) 1871-1962, 1906-06-13
A BLOOD RED LAKE.
REGULARITY Manifested by a sheet -
Water In Switzerland.


Water In Switzerland.
Lake MOrat, In Switzerland, has 8
queer habit of turning red about two
or three times every ten years. 1t Is q
pretty lake, like most Of the sheets Of
water in that picturesque country, and
its peculiar freak is attributed to dis
position to celebrate the slaughter OF
the Burgundtans under Charles the
Bold on June q, 1476, but the French
say that 1t bushes for the conduct Of
the Swiss, who In that battle gave the
Burgundians no quarter.
This phenomenon. Of course, has Its
legend. The old fishermen Of the lake,
who catch enormous fish called siluree
that weigh between twenty-five and
forty Kilograms, say when they see the
waters of the lake reddening that 1t is
the blood of the Burgundians. AS Q
matter Of fact, some of the bodies OF
the Burgundians killed In the battle
were thrown into the lake, while others
were tossed into grave filled with
Quicklime. This historical recollection
angered the Burgundian soldiers Of the
victorious armies Of the republic In
1903 so much that they destroyed the
monument raised In honor Of their
compatriots who fell herOically in that
battle, and Henri Martin very Justly
reproached them for that piece OF van
dalism.
1t would hardly do 10 attribute the
reddening Of the waters Of the lake to
the blood of the soldiers of Charles the
Bold. The coloring is due simply to
the presence in large quantities Of little
aquatic plants called by naturalists o.
cillatoria rubescens. The curious thing
about 1t is that Lake Morat is the only
lake in which this curious growth In
developed.
Lexington gazette. [volume] (Lexington, Va.) 1871-1962, 1906-06-13
On. From Cnconnutr.

Gas from cocoanuts is the latest illu-
minant. The coal OF the Philippines has
been found unsuitable for gas making
purposes The government, therefore,
has been experimenting in the labOra-
tories and has found that a gas Of
great Illuminating power may be pro-
duced by a very simple methNd from
cocoanut oil. The oil is slowly fed int
retorts which are already red hot. Here
1t volatilizes very rapidly, leaving
small residue Of tar Bulk for bulk, the
oil has q much greater productiveness
in gas than coal. and for this reason 1t
is expected that, If the supply can be
made to meet the demand, It will be
greatly used all along The Pacific coast.
Lexington gazette. [volume] (Lexington, Va.) 1871-1962, 1906-06-13
In the same Boat.

The Duke Of Leeds before succeed
ing to his title was active In politics.
Once when canvasslng he came upon
an English shoemaker. whose vote he
solicited. Sorry" said the shoemaR-
er, but I'm not going to vote Tor any
bloomin' arlstocrat. l can't AFFORD It.
I've got four children to bring up
"That's nothing" replied the duke
1--WE got I'VE, and they are all girls.
The shoemaker came up and toucneq
him on the arm. "All right, old chap
he said. "You shall have my vote. II
seems to me we are both IN tha saRs
koaf,xna wed bstfir ssi9l foKst&eEp
Lexington gazette. [volume] (Lexington, Va.) 1871-1962, 1906-06-13
DanodiI and AsphodeI.

DaffodIl and asphodeI-the latter, ac-
cording to Homer, covered the meadow
haunted by the shades Of departed he
roes-are etymolOgically the same. Old
time Engllshmen confused the two
plants, which are quite different, and
1t was reserved for later generations
to restore It's true spelling to the true
asphodel and restrict daffodll, with its
mysterious 3D." to the flower now
known by that name. Formerly 1t
was "affodille," and the I'd" is various
Iy explained as being a childish inser-
ton. like the "T'' in Ted. from Edward,
or as representing the French "heur
d'affrodille" or the English 9TH afro
die" (the definite article) or as the
final I'd" of land" In such a combina-
ton as "fennell and affodil."
Lexington gazette. [volume] (Lexington, Va.) 1871-1962, 1906-06-13
OLD ROMAN NAMES.
The Peculiar s.
Use by

The Peculiar s. ~ In
Use by
The noble Ronidi.s woe beculiar IN
their system of nomenclature They
had the praenomen, the nomen and the
eognomen. The first Of these dlstin-
gulshed the individual and was equiva.
lent to our Christian or baptlsmal
name. It was usually indicated by a
hngle letter. as A. for Aulus, or by
two letters, as APP. for Appius, or three,
MS Ser. for Servlus The nomen was
distinctive Of the gems or clan and has
no corresponding appellative among us.
The cognomen was placed last and des-
Ignated the familae. precisely answer
ing to our surname. Sometimes a
fourth name was added, the agnomen.
In consequence Of renowned action,
some conspicuous event of life or fea-
ture Of character. Scipio, in addition to
bis regular names, was styled Africa
nus after his conquest of Carthage.
The name Germanicus was assumed
by those who distinguished themselves
in the wars with the Germans.
In female names the Romans indulg-
ed but small variety of appelatlon,
and fancy had little or nothing to do
with their invention and bestowal.
When there was but one daughter In
family she received the feminine ter
mlnation of her gentle name, as Tul-
liza, the daughter Of Marcus Tulllus
Cicero, and Octaviae, the sister Of De-
tavius Caesar, etc, which names were
retained even after marriage. When
there were two daughters one was
called Major and the other Minor, as
Cornelia Major and Cornella Minor.
II there were more than two they were
distinguished by their number, thus:
Prlma, Secunda, Tertia, Quarta, etc. u
Lexington gazette. [volume] (Lexington, Va.) 1871-1962, 1906-06-13
Gardening In America.

Gardening in America has. reached
what one might call the awkward
age" Neither u man nor country
goes a.gArdening In early youth. Men
come to build stately sooner than to
garden finely" as Bacon once said, and
as every garden writing body has re-
peated until Sir Francis In Elysium
must regret he ever made the remark,
which none the less is true. Gardening
is essentially middle aged enjoyment.
and America being, as nations CO. still
young, her garden craft has the faults
Of youth. 1t has its incongrmties, In
harmonies. and 1t often mistakes size
and expenditure for excellence.-Cen-
Lexington gazette. [volume] (Lexington, Va.) 1871-1962, 1906-06-13
GREEK COINS.
How the Ancients Tested the Purity
of the Metal.

How the Ancients Tested the Purity
of the Metal.
The first coins of gold and silver that
have come down to us are now dated
as a rule In the time Of Croesus, who
lived about the middle Of the sixth
century B. o.
1t may readily be imagined that
mere lump of gold, supposed to be OF
q certain weight, would be subject to
skepticism unless It were guaranteed
by some recognized authority. So, In
order to save reweighing and testing
at each transaction, these lngots or
coins were stamped with the authorlta-
tive mark Of q prince or state. So
stamped they become the true coins
in spite Of the fact that, contrary to
modern custom, they were not at all
regular
But. In spite Of the guarantee that
might be afforded by the mark OF
state or a prince, we find the Greeks
applying certain tests to determine the
genulneness of the currency offered to
them. Plating was easily detected by
1abbing the suspected coin with some
sharp instrument. At other times the
touchstOne was used. One which was
known as the "Lydlan stone" was sup
posed to reveal proportion Of foreign
metal as small as barley corn In
slater. Another test In the case Of sill
yer, was to polish the coin and then
breathe on It, If the moisture quickly
disappeared the metal was pure. Yet
another way to detect alloy was to
heat the coin or coins on redhot iron.
II the metal was unallOyed 1t remain
ed bright, If mixed with other sub
stances 1t turned black or red accord
ing as 1t was more or less impure
Oliver s. Tonks in Chautauquan.
Lexington gazette. [volume] (Lexington, Va.) 1871-1962, 1906-06-13
BUSINESS LAWS.
ia a frand TO conceal.a fraud.

II is a fraud to conceal'a fraud.
Ignorance Of the law excuses no one.
The acts of one partner bind all the
others.
An agreement without consideration
Is void
A personal right Of action dies with
the person.
The law compels no one to do i'm
possibilities.
A contract made with a minor or
lunatlc is void.
A receipt for money paid is not le-
gally conclusive.
Signatures made with lead pencil
are good in law.
Agents are responsible to their prin-
cipals for errors.
Each individual In a partnership 10
responsible for the whole amount OF
the debts Of the firm.
A draft becomes an acceptance when
the party upon whom 1t is drawn
writes accepted" across its face and
signs his name.
Lexington gazette. [volume] (Lexington, Va.) 1871-1962, 1906-06-13
hailed or Self Boiled.

The various lime and sulphur mix
lures (some with and some without
salt and caustic Soda are all recon-
mended by the New Jersey expert
ment station as giving more uniform
results when boiled by fire or steam
than when self boiled 1t Is advised
to boil them with fire or steam when it
can be done without too much labor
The self boiled mixtures are sometimes
convenient because more easily made,
though slightly less reliable unless
carefully prepared and thoroughly APP
piled.