The Montgomery advertiser., 1906-03-11

Ing that the jug was the prevalent watermark of the reign of Queen Eliz- abeth, he selected such as had the rug" on, being careful to mingle with them a certain number of blank leaves
 in order that the production on sud den Of 50 many Identical watermarks might not arouse suspicion.
 Two of the earliest watermarks con- sfst of q circle surmounted by a cross,
 signifying the cross planted on earth and an open hand surmounted by star or cross, representing the pastoral benediction of priest. Post paper
 takes it's name from the post horn,
 which mark was in use as early as
 1870. It sometimes appears on shield. and In the seventeenth century is sur
 mounted by ducal coronet, In which
 form 1t Is still met with on our ordi-
 nary note paper.
 The watermark of deny paper has
 ever been the flen-de-lys, the peculiar
 cognizance of the house of Burgundy,
 who were patrons of the Bordeaux in-
 dustry In course of time the mapu-
 facture of paper became centered In the
 lower countries, and the excellence of
 Dutch paper, its purity and durability have never been exce1led The papers manufactured in the Dutch mills have
 a great varlty of watermarks, and
 many Of them were the badges of the
 noblea families who had founded mills elsewhere. Thus the P. and V., some times separate and sometimes con-
 joined, are the initials of Philip tha Good. Duke of Burgundy, 1419 to 1467,
 and Ysanelia, his wife
 The ax's head was another ancient
 watermark on which Caxton and Faust
 printed some of their books, but Cax- ton used a watermark in the form of
 tue letter "P' for the Game and P1aye
 of the Chesse,'' first printed in 1474.
 The first edition of Shakespeare printed by Isaac Jaggard and Edward
 Blount in 1929, will. however. be found
 to be mostly on paper bearing cap like a jockeys as a watermark, and the general use of the term 'cap" to various modern papers owes 1t to
 marks of this kind.
 The first English paper maker was John Tate, who founded a mill at Hert-
 ford at the close of the fifteenth cen- tury. Tate made fine thin paper, having for a watermark an eight pointd star within a double circler white coarse paper was made by Sir John Speilman German, at Dartford,
 in 1880. and here the first English paper mills on a large scale were erected. Till 1890. however. when William III | passed an act to encourage the home l manufacture of white paper, all the
 best paper for writing and printing was imported from Holland and France. A story goes that the most curious of all watermarks, fools cap, which | is derived from the Italian ''foElio- cappo." folio sized sheet, was ordered by the Bump parliament to be substi- | tuted for the royal arms in the paper used fo.' the journals of the house of l commons.
 As matter of fact. no paper so marked found It's way into England l before 1859, and the story probably owes it's origin to the topical perpetuate | in the case of papers introduced from
 Holland during the Cromwellian re- gime. For example. in I649 a large hat, | to denote tho broad-brimmed beaver worn by the Puritans; in 1851, four crowns, and in 1857, a regal crown au symbols likely to be obnoxious to inc ruling powers-were exhibited on many papers.