The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1906-03-21
VOL. LXXIIl. NO. 202.
TIE SWORD AGAINST The GEAR
1CHAYKOVSKY HERE TO RAISE
MONEY TO BUY ARMS.
Expects an Uprising In the Spring When
the Peasants Plough Over the Lands
" the Mobiles Man Here Who Was
Buried With so F~usiiaded suspects.

Nicholas Tchaykovsky, associate Of Prince
Kropotkin in the first beginnings of the
Russian revolution and for ten years an
cyt.a in London, is here in the interests
al Art revolution Of the present Cay. For
a month refugees Of pure Russian stock
ha,n oocn drifting into New York from
too slaughter pens OF Little Russia and of
tie Baltic provinces. unnoticed by the
~wspaper T~chaykovsky comes in adj
vance of forty Russian "intelleotuals, "
mainly deserving officers, who have fed
the country, He is here, he says, TO raise
the money to buy arms for the uprising
which he confidently expects as soon az
spring breaks in Russia. From the present
Il .pect Of affairs it seems as though New
Fork will be a hotbed Of revolution this
spring.
T~ohaykovsky brings underground news
o. the revolution from the standpoint OF
the Social Revolutionists Abraham Cahan
and the others on the East Side who have
been distributing this same underground
news are Social Democrats. These two
parties differ widely in method. Thu
Social Revolutionists believe, as they have
always believed from the first, in a resort
TO the sword. They were backSof the
sporadic uprisings OF last fall, notably the
ono at Moscow which was put down with
En- much slaughter. The Social Democrats,
while some of their members have resorted
to arms do not believe in actual revolution.
They want to bring about the change by
reaceable means. Neither party ia to be
confused with the %terrorists, who have
been back of the assassinations.
ibis Tchaykovsky was one Of those
young intellectuals who choked the roads
to Siberia in the early sos. University
men and women, many Of them Of noble
birth, they went down among the people
a. peasants, teaching them, trying to i'm
prove their condition. For this they we're
paid in prison and IN he gallows. Sergius
Stepnak and Catherine Breschkovsky were
members of the same group with Tchay-
kovsky, He himself wa arrested three
times, and spent ten years Of his life in jail.
Alto" his last Imprisonment he retired 70
England, because Russia was too hot for
him. and he has lived since in that group,
which has kept up the revolution at a
distance. He was born to wealth; and at
one time the firm with which he was asso-
ciated controlled the mineral output of
the Caucasus.
1T seems to me that the uprising is COM
ing sooner than we desire he said last
night. The peasants will hardly be de-
MED. The impression in the United States
that the peasants are with the oonssrva-
tivos is wrong. Their condition is des-
perate. They are not organized for the
revolution, but they are ready to break
loose on their OWE account. They want
q New allotment of land; that is the chief
Of their troubles now.
Before thu serfs were liberated the
allotment of land was ten acres to a peasant.
After the lib ration. Of the serfs this fell
to seven acres. The agrarian population
OF Russia he's nearly doubled since, but
there has been no increase in the land
al'rtnient. That shortage Of land, to-
g. her with the increase Of taxes, has kept
tn m nearly bankrupt. Then came the war.
OF Gis,asa apd Wounds there died about
9co,ooO reass hts. Their families were
H. own On the hands of the other peasants
70 support; the Government would do
nothing for them, Then there arrived the
ci'rled soldiers from Manchuria for a
further burden to their friends and rela-
tircs. The country has been On the verge
or famine.
Now the peasants declare that in case
there is not a new allotment OF lane in the
spring they will plough over the public
lands and the estates Of the mobiles. That
rloughing over has a meaning in peasant
custom 1t signifies that they have taken
possession of the lane in their own right.
Then the Government will send troops,
the peasants will resist, and the fight will
be OF.
Trouble will probably occur when the
elections for the Duma really come. These
elections have been boycotted by both the
Social Democrats and the Social Revolu-
tionists. The only thing l fear is that it
will come before we have our forces armed
and ready.
The leaders of the Social Democrats
would not come into the demonstration
which we organized last year. The mem
hers Of the party, however, were more
practical, and we expect their support
when we really begin to make a showing.
Members of the Social Democrat party
fought with our people behind the barri-
cades Of Moscow and went down in the
same slaughter. The movement has
spread to all the intellectuals. We are not
trying to get at them, however. We want
the peasants. When we get them, it will
all 10 ONeI Dut ht HRnIlHB'
The world outside does not understand
the horrible cruelty with which the revo-
luton has been put down, especially in
the Baltic provinces. | will tell you ore
specific example, because the hero of it is
in New York. A few days ago one Of our
members living here met a young Russian
whom he knew as the son of an editor in
the Baltic provinces.
Why. / thought that you were dead,
he said. As a matter Of fact, the name of
that very man had come through the secret
press in a list of the people slaughtered by
the troops. The young man told his story
and it wal a strange me. His father was
the editor Of a liberal paper.
Not revolutionary, mind you, just liberal. .
When the troops swept down On his town
and proclaimed martial law his father
was condemned by drumhead court
martial and sentenced to be shot. His
crime was the publication OF a liberal paper.
That Is the liberty Of the press that the
Car promised. Eighty people, men and
women together, were led out into one pen
to be shot down by the troops in the sight