Gilpin observer., 1906-03-29

gard to horticultural inspection and
the regulation adopted by the board
for the purpose OF preventing the
spread Of contagious diseases among
fruit and fruit trees, and for the pre-
vention, treatment. cure and extirpa-
ton Of fruit tree pests and diseases Of
fruit and fruit trees. shade trees, etc.
Following are q part of the insruc-
tions:
Insects Classified.
Insects with biting mouths always
gnaw into and devour the tissues of
the part of the plant on which they
feed. Such insects would include all
the caterpillars, commonly known as
worms, whether hairy or naked; all OF
the so-called slugs. grasshoppers, To-
Gusts. Crickets, potato beetles, larvae
Of the leaf-rollers, the codling moth,
etc. Insects with sucking mouths al
ways cause the leaves to turn pale or
brown in color, and include plant lice,
scale lice, aphids, thrips, leaf-hopper,
squash bugs, etc.
AS a rule the biting insects may be
killed through the use of food poisons,
such as paris green, london purple, ar
senite OF lime, arsenate Of lead, para
creme and hellebore. For the sucking
insects the above poisons are useless,
and in their stead contact insecticides
or surface irritants and poisonous
gases are used. These substances
may also be used against biting in
sects when it is not practicable to
poison their food.
Rene edies-Food Poisons.
No. Paris green or london purple
(arsenicals): Paris green or london
purple, l pound; water 100 gallons;
lime. pounds.
First make paste of the poison, in
a small amount of water. Then dilute
TO the proper proportions. By adding
the fresh lime, slaked and strained, in
jury to the leaves will be prevented.
For codling moth apply in a fine force
full spray as soon as blossoms have
fallen, and again in one week. If
heavy rains follow, repeat the spray
ing.
No. 2-Arsenite OF lime; to be used
for the same purpose as No. /: White
arsenic. "a pouRd; sal soda, 1 pound;
lump lime, pounds; water, so gal
Ions.
First dissolve the arsenic and sal
soda together in one quart of hot wa
ter, and boil fifteen minutes. When
ready for use, slake four pounds of
fresh lime add to each barrel
(fifty gallons) of water. straining
through fine wire screen to prevent
clogging the nozzle of the sprayer. For
codling moth, spray first time as soon
as the bloom has fallen; second time,
one week later; third time, between
time, go through the orchard with a
little hook made of wire, attached to
the end of pole, and pull off all the
apples that have worm holes in them.
Destroy the apples. unless you have
sheep or hogs to eat them as fast as
they drop. 1t is of the greatest i'm
portance not to neglect the spraying
TOO long.
No. 3-Arsenate of lead: Arsenate
Of lead Cor desparine), 8 to C pounds;
water, 100 gallons.
Apply as a spray for all leaf-eating
insects. This is one of the most eff
fectual remedies to be used against the
codling moth and for leaf-eating in
sects on cherry, peach and plum trees.
1t never Injuries foliage and 1t sticks
to the leaves better than the other ar
senical mixtures.
No. Arsenic bran mash for grass
hoppers: Arsenic Tor paris green),
pound; sugar (not importantly, l
pound; bran, 40 pounds.
Add the ingredients to water suffi-
Client to make the mixture moist, and
scatter the poisoned bran in places
where the grasshoppers are the thick
est. The mash may be placed in or
chards. vineyards and other places,
where hopper pans cannot be used.
Much care must be exercised to pre-
vent domestic animals or fowls from
having access to the poison.
No. 5-White hellebore is valuable
in destroying the currant worm, pear
tree slug. rose slug. raspberry slug, and
the larvae of other saw dies: White
hellebore, / ounce; water. gallons.
Apply as a spray late in the day. or
dust lightly over the foliage from a
cheescloth sack. Ajr-slaked lime or
fine road dust may be used effectually
in some cases.
Contact Insecticides.
No. G-Kerosene emulsion is espe-
cially useful in destroying sucking in.
sects, including plant bugs, plant lice,
scale lice, thrips and plant-feeding
mites Kerosene, 2 gallons; whale oil
or hard soap. pound; soft water. 27
gallons.
Dissolve the soap in one gallon OF
boiling water. II the water is hard,
break with lye; heat the solution to
boiling, and, away from the fire, add
two gallons of kerosene. Agitate vio-
lently for few minutes by pumping
the liquid back and forth upon itself
with a force pump, until the mixture
assumes the consistency of cream. Di-
lutte with twenty-seven gallons Of water
and the emulsion is ready for use.
No. 7-Whale oil soap. This sub
stance stands close to kerosene emul-
sion in importance as a. destroyer OF
soft bodied insects. 1t may be used for
dipping the roots of nursery stock
where infested with lice: Whale oil
ND. In.