davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1906-07-22

of our celestial group, draws them in. and they
powerless to escape.
Lost in the cold emptiness of space, apparently,
multitudes of such toy workmanship un-
der ordinary circumstances, because they them
selves are cold and dark, and discoverable by
our telescopes only when by chance they join
the great system to which our earth belongs.
1t is rather picturesque idea, when. one comes
to think of it, that the earth, in its journey
through space, is picking up small worlds here and
there, and compelling them to join it as COM
panions
discovered, by DR. Max Wolf of Heidelberg, which
is particularly interesting because of the fact that it
approaches at times to the earth than any
other celestial body, excepting only the moon. Just
it is more distant from than Jupiter, its
orbit being extremely eccentric but before long it
will come way again.
1t has been reckoned that the earth weighs
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1906-07-22
Marriage Must Raise Its Bid

A S a business proposition and marriage has always
been due to selfish business choice well to
normal healthy instncts-as business proposition
to the professional woman, what chance mar
riage have? Money, freedom, and leisure appeal
to all; self-support, achievement, and scholarship
appeal to the best So, if educated young
women to choose marriage in preference to pro-
fessional business work, marriage must make
better offer Unless it raises its bid, it cannot COM
pete in the open market.
Indeed one of the best results of the opening of
the professions to will be that in the long
marriage will be more honored, and the woman
become more true partner in both the duties and
rewards of work-less sort of upper servant
doll be dressed up and displayed in society. If,
may well believe, the time will come when, to
be well educated, to be able large salary,
and to be deeply interested in professional work,
will be entirely consistent with being wife and
mother then the home will have everything to
gain and little lose from the widening of womans
sphere.
The common notion that woman cannot be
both worker outside the home and a successful
wife and mother must not be accepted for the pres
ent without important reservations for the future
at all 1t is necessary to distinguish between the
duties essential to marriage and motherhood and the
work of making and mending and washing clothes,
buying and cooking food, sweeping rooms, enter
tanning guests and the like, which has been ira
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1906-07-22

as these infant worlds are called was observed by
the telescope, and since then astronomers have
been finding at the rate of half dozen a
year.
The biggest of all the minor planets as they are
more properly designated, is Ceres which has a
diameter of four hundred and eighty five miles,
with surface nearly three times that of
Texas. The smallest not than ten miles
through-rnere Lilliputian worlds, on which man,
if of proportionate size would be hardly greater in
stature than mosquito.
But most interesting of all-rnuch more so, in
deed than the finding of the two asteroids-is
a conclusion, recently reached by astronomers in
regard to the origin of all these little worlds 1t
used to be imagined that they were fragments of a
large planet, which, through some unknown cause,
had exploded, casting its broken parts upon the
tides of space; but this theory has been cast aside
and to-day the opinion is generally accepted that
they accidental captives, trapped by the solar
system in its voyage through the cosmc void, and
thus compelled to join company forever. The
huge mass of Jupiter swinging near the outer edge
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1906-07-22
NEW WORLDS

$50 three hundred times as much as
l&SsszA all the minor planets put together.
.z-----@ These little worlds, with a few
J: ;
exceptions, revolve in the great gap
of space between the orbits of Mars
- and Jupiter. Some of them appear
to travel in pairs and groups, and
xeHzn there is such family of eleven
asteroids. Eros, exceptionally in
teresting specimen, has recently been
found to be twins, its two globes Ito
-n gether they have about the surface
&c area of the State of Rhode Island)
- revolving about each other they
- follow the pathway of their ellptical
Though it is impossible to say
whether or not there may be animal plant
life on any of these baby worlds, the apparent
likelihood is that they dead the moon.
Not even the largest of them is of a size suf-
fcient to possess atmosphere-for a celestial
body must be of at least certain magnitude in
order by its attraction to retain envelop of gases
upon its surface. AS for human beings the absence
of adequate gravitation would be likely to make it
embarrassing for man world fifteen miles in
diameter who if of ordinary SIZE could easily throw
a rock weighing ton Cby our standard) with such
force that it would never come back-or, for the
matter of that, could jump off the planet, and never
return to it again.
Apart from their interest as planetary curios-
tiles the asteroids are useful to astronomers,
who able, by observing the extent to which
they are pulled out of their orbits by the earth.
Mars, Venus, and other major planets, to weigh
the latter with greater accuracy than in any
other manner. Thus, while they may be so many
desert spheres, untenanted by any animal ard
unbeautifed by any plant, they possess a value to
mankind.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1906-07-22

ditionally done or managed by the mother A
is not successful mother primarily because
she cooks her childrens porridge and mends their
socks, any more than is a successful father
primarily because he keeps up the furnace fire and
shovels the snow off the sidewalk. The woman of
colonial days not only cared Tor her children and for
such household duties as now exist, but also
aged in small way dairy, poultry farm, boarding
house for the farm laborers, wooden mill, canning
factory, soap works, and bakery. She gave prob
ably much of her time to industrial pursuits not
now necessary to the maintenance of a home
woman teacher, physician, minister, editor need
give to her professional work.
As certain tasks are set off from the household
and carried in factories shops, cooperative estab
lishments, and the like, the of family will
and more have time free to devote to business
and professional life, at cost to her essential
duties within the home. Moreover, the progress of
the sciences and industrial arts will replace human
household drudgery by labor-saving machines and
add to the free time for sharing in the worlds gen
eral work.
If it is desirable for the general social welfare that
the father be highschool principal of town and the
mother minister of the church, it will be easy find
ways and means to accomplish it without restricting
offspring or spelling the home. If Mrs John Smith
is worth more to the world as the towns architect
and builder than as Iohn Smiths chief cook
dishwasher, and dressmaker, she be architect
and builder, and still be efficient wife John and
efficient mother to their children.
Homes Can't Be Filled by Ukase
FINALLY, those who object to the widening of
women's activities pleading the importance of
family may depend precisely upon the possibility of
altering its life that economic independence and
a sef-directed may be possible for the wife.
There is no way OF attracting the best women to
family life except by making family life at
tractive to them than any other life Homes
not be filled by ukase.
The sexes differ, as individuals differ, in their
capacities and interests, but the world needs the
work of women in almost every profession
and industry. Where physical strength and
continuity of service required male labor has
decided advantage Where certain female ualities
required, in nursing, female labor has adj
vantage Where the extreme high grades of ability
are required, male labor has monopoly. Female
participation will in sphere produce female
dominion, for the lack of these highest grades of
intellect makes the female unfit to rule. If
they fitted to lead it would do harm if they
did lead. The practical problem is not by persua-
sion or edict to try to return women to household
idleness labor, but to make the production and
of the coming generation possible for the best
women, whether their work is for the household or
for the public.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1906-07-22

or profession beyond what the world needs may
CO use fall in the wages of that particular class OF
workers. but it is absurd to suppose that in general
q large population of iders and paupers, men or
women, raises the wages of those who work.
A third objection is that women are Intellectually
incapable of doing the work of physicians clergy
men, shopkeepers, bankers farmers, and the like;
that the occupations hitherto held exclusively by
mel were and theirs by divine right OF possession
of superior intellect therefor This objection may
safely be left to experience which in case after case
is proving it false 1t is needless to worry over the
possibility that women viii be paid to do work
which they cannot do. The is simple. If
they can they can regardless of anyones theories,
and if they can't, ones theories will be needed
to prevent them.
The fear of female rule in schools, literature,
art, society, and business is the most fattering
recognition which the efforts of toward wider
activities have ever received. The critic of the
ambitious young woman of generation ago used
to patronze her with a, But, my dear, you know
that really women can't do these things you wish
to do. You will simply ruin your health and make
yourself unhappy in predestined failure" But
our critic of to-day walls OUT :" This mans
world; but you women are grabbing it, and deposng
us and going to turn our fine, vigorous male
civilization into a NICE Chautauqua, pnk-tea
womandoml'
The fear is, however too fattering and rests upon
ignorance of two important qualities of the female
which combine to to the males leadership
now and in the future.
Maternal Instinct the First Quality
THE first quality is the maternal instinct, which
will always make most mothers prefer to love
their children rather than to compete with
rule anything anybody. The second is the
greater variability range of talent of the male sex,
by reason of which the highest grades of ability
confined to Though the average girl does
well in school as the average boy, the leader of
class is much more often a boy-so also is the
"footer" of the class. Though the average woman
pianist is better than the average pianist nine
out of the ten most gifted pianists Even
in cooking, dressmaking, and millinery the great
experts are men,
The greatest abilities in trades industry, business,
science, art, politics. religion, society," in fact every
where WILL until the present hereditary organization
of the is turned upside down, be possessed bY
And since the worlds practice in all these
directions is changed, not by the many ordinary, but
by the few great, male leadership will persist in
every sphere, though a ma orty of the workers
in that sphere should be We may have
female clergy, but the bishops will be men, though
ninetenths of the teachers women the minister
of education would be a man; if women voted and
majority, they would elect President.
The average may often rule the average man,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1906-07-22

1.-TWO new worlds have just been
discovered by the astronomers
at the United States naval-ob-
servatory in Washington. They are
not stars, but planets sisters of
the earth, which revolve, like the globe
on which we dwell, about the sun
One might call them appropriately
toy worlds, inasmuch as each of them
is only about twenty miles in diameter
Much excitement might reasonably
be created by the discovery of the two
new planets, but for the fact that more
than six hundred similar ones-pygny
members of the solar system-were
already known. 1t is almost exactly a
century since the first of the asteroids
The commonwealth. (Scotland Neck, N.C.) 1896-1929, 1906-05-31
OLD-TIME CLEANLINESS.
Not So Particular About Their Per-
sons in the Days of Early
England.

DR.. Somerville Hastings, lecturer at
the London Institute OF Hygiene, the
other day on Cleanliness Is Next to
Godliness,'' said that people were
much cleaner now than in the reigns
of Queens Mary and Elizabeth, when
the washing of clothes was unknown.
Cotton was hardly in use and linen
was expensive.
The poor wore rough wooden gar,
the better classes adorned themselves
with silks and velvets, which were
dyed when they would no longer pass
muster in regard to cleanliness. 1t is
recorded, continued DR.. Ha stings, that
James l. never washed either hands
or face during the period he posed as
the wisest fool in Christendom, but
confined his cleanliness within the
narrow limits of wiping his finger.
tips upon a damp napkin.
A very simple experiment, made by
an eminent bacteriologist, determines
in a startling manner the potential
dangers associated with accumulations
of dust in living room. A pin-Doint
was used to convey as much dust as
so small a vehicle will carry. This
yielded no less than 5000 colonies of
living germs, when cultivated OH gel
attn, and although fortunately every
species was not repres entative of dis
ease. yet the majority were potent
sources of decomposition and danger
to health
The commonwealth. (Scotland Neck, N.C.) 1896-1929, 1906-05-31
SIEGE COST $4,000 LIVES.
Persian Town Beset by Arabs Re
duced in Population to
That Extent.

Leland Buxton, who has returned
from a tour Of several months In the
Persian gulf and in the Yemen, visited
Sana, which was recently besieged by
the rebel Arabs, says the London Iele-
graph. He states that he found Sana
to be practically depopulated, having
been reduced from population of 70, 600
to something like 10000, as result OF
the famine during the Arab siege. The
Jews suffered terribly during this pc
Rod and almost the whole town is de-
serted. Sana, which, so far as he knows,
has only been visited by a few English
men, has magnificent and large build
ings, covered with decorations, and the
town is surrounded by mud walls. On
his way to the capital Mr.. Buxton found
villages had been destroyed by the
Turkish artillery, and that great por-
ton of the route to Sana was entirely
depopulated. Large numbers of skele-
tons and skulls marked the route.
The siege of Sana was attended By
terrible suffering and starvation, and
cannibalism occurred both among the
Arabs and the Turks. The people were
reduced to terrible straits, and one
Turk himself admitted that he had
killed and eaten three Arabs. The dogs.
which are a characteristic feature Of
most eastern towns, had disappeared,
both they and the cats having been
used as food. The only European in
Sana is an italian trader, who was in
the place throughout the siege, and who
has lived there for 20 years.
The commonwealth. (Scotland Neck, N.C.) 1896-1929, 1906-05-31
HIS WATCH OFTEN IN PAWN
How the Mother Of an Impecunious
Lawyer Put a Check on
Her Son.

An impecunious young lawyer
whose lack of clients has caused him
to make frequent trips to the pawn
shop, relates the New York Sun, told
the following story on himself:
my mother gave me gold watch
which was often of more service to me
as a pledge than as timepiece. 1t
grieved her to know that 1 made such
use of her gift and several times she
furnished the means of redeeming it.
Zone day when 1 had gone particu-
larly long with no visible means of
telling the time my mother demanded
the pawn ticket. Within a week she
handed me my watch and l promised,
as usual, not to pawn it again. But the
course to the loan Office. The pawn
broked glanced at the timepiece and
opened the inner case.
His manner became formal. Where
did you get this watch?' he inquired.
1t was present. replied.
"'Well, I'm going to hold it until
you can prove it's yours he declared,
and then, by way of explanaion: L
suppose you didn't read what's engraved
on the case?'
"'No,' I said, family.
"I'll read it to you: eff this watch
is offered for sale or pawn notify Mrs.
street. Raward."'
"There was nothing to do but go
home and make a clean breast of it."
The commonwealth. (Scotland Neck, N.C.) 1896-1929, 1906-05-31
FOOD TO SUPPLANT MEAT.
Artificial Albunen the Result OF In
vestigations by German
Scientist.

Consul Pike, of Zittau, reports that
an interesting discovery is being dis
cussed by the German press, which re-
fers to the result Of a recent inyestiga-
ton by Prof Emil Fisher, of Berlin.
He writes:
ct is contended that the principal
nourishment required by the human
body for it's maintenance is albumen,
according to the renowned professor
of physiology, Pfeiffer, the source OF
all muscular strength. For this rca-
son it has at all times been the en-
deavor of our learned men to obtain
more knowledge of this important in
gredient Of our daily food. Up till now
all such efforts have been in vain,
but it was recognized that were 1t pos
sible to make artificial albumen,
complete change in the present system
of nourishing the human body would
be brought about and would render the
now SO necessary meat foods to
great extent dispensable.
Prof. Emil Fischer, director of the
leading chemical institution, the Ber-
lin university, has gained the credit OF
having accomplished the first analysis
of natural albumen. He has established
the composition of various ingredients
some of which he has succeeded in pro-
ducing artifcially. The substance thus
obtained he has called 'Polypept1de,
and it is said to possess a large num-
Der of the properties characteristic of
natural alhumen. The vast Importance
of this discovery will be better COM
pretended when we realize that the
introduction of this artificial food will
reduce the disastrous effects of bad
harvests, pestilence, etc, to a mini
mum, and cause famine to become a
thing of the past"
The commonwealth. (Scotland Neck, N.C.) 1896-1929, 1906-05-31
TOO MUCH STANAM-ETC.
Magistrate Was Not Equal to the
Task Of Writing It
Down

There was a Greek victory the other
day, and it was won in New York,
relates the Sun, of that city. whats
the prisoners name?" asked Magistrate
Finn OF Policeman O'Brien, who had
put forward descendant of hero of
Thermopylae in the Tombs court.
eyer honor-well-I can't say that
1 know it,
''What?" sharply exclaimed the
magistrate.
well, yer honor" began the po-
1iceman in a faltering voice.
Il don't know what's the matter with
you policemen" snapped the magis-
trate. "How dare you bring prisoner
here without being able to tell me his
name?"
81 can't speak Greek, yer honor"
gasped O'Brien.
Whats your name?" queried the
magistrate, scowling at the prisoner.
The prisoner looked like one that IS
dumb until a fellow countryman trans.
lated the magistrates question Then,
with chuckle, the prisoner shouted:
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS"
do you think I'm going to write that
down? Discharged" Numbered the
astonished Battery Dan"
The commonwealth. (Scotland Neck, N.C.) 1896-1929, 1906-05-31
he WAS GOODNESS ITSELF.
Philosopher Gives Practical Demon
stration of the Value OF His
Pet Theory.

Perhaps there never was man who
SO thoroughly believed in taking things
coolly as Mr.. Bulteel. The GlSadVan-
tages of worry, and the foolishneSs OF
rush, no matter what circumstance
might arise, was the never failing text
upon which he hung many and many
an improving discourse, says London
Answer.
But, as so often happens, Mr.. Bull
teels opportunities for putting his ia
vorite theory into practice had been
few, until one fateful night when ne
and his wife were aroused from their
midnight slumber by the dread cry,
"F'ire!"
He was GOODNESS itself.
MY dear" he said calmly to his
wife, 1.-The time has come when we VIII
find in practice the value of what l
have always preached. Dress yourself
quickly, but keep cool.
In tense silence they busted them
selves in the operation of quick but
unhurried dressing. Then Mr.. Bulteel
slipped his watch into his walstcoat
pocket, and they walked safely out or
the burning building.
There, my DEAR" he said to his
wife, when the danger was over, you
see the great value of my philosophy
of GOODNESS. Now, if we had lost our
beads"
His wife glanced at him for the first
time since the alarm had been given.
Eyes, William" she said, sweetly,
your philosophy is both charming
and useful; but really, dear, If l had
been you l would have put on pair
of trousers!"
The commonwealth. (Scotland Neck, N.C.) 1896-1929, 1906-05-31
STUDYING WATER POWER.
The French Government Is Anxious
to Assist Industrial De-
velopment.

The French government is pursuing
a course which promises to result in
great benefit to the manufacturers OF
that nation, by surveying the rivers
and streams of the country in order
to determine their capacity for gen
Grating power for the service OF fac
tories, reports the New York Tribune.
Industrial men in the United States
have made many serious mistakes In
the past by developing water power
for factories, only to find that lack o.
water at certain periods OF the year
compelled GiscJuraging and costly
shutdowns or the installation Of re-
serve steam power plants. France
does not purpose to have her manu-
factureTs make such mistakes as these
in the future, and has begun the work
of classifying and controlling her
streams. in the United States hydraul-
ic enterprises have been limited to
great streams and executed mainly by
private enterprise. The United States
has never attempted a scientific exam
nation of it's resources with view to
enabling towns and villages On streams
Of minor consequence to put to profit
the power now lost. This is what
France now proposes to do.
In France the rivers susceptible OF
being controlled with a view to in
dustrial utilization are numerous.
But before erecting hydrC-electrical
works of Importance, it is very impor-
tant to know the variations in the vol
ume of the stream to be utilized at
various seasons of the year. The fac
tors to be investigated are the surface
and the direction of the watershed, the
mode of culture, the extent Of the for
ests, the geological nature of the soil
and subsoil, the intensity and the d.
vision of the rains or SHOWS received
by the watershed and, in mountainous
sections. the surface of glaciers which
sustain the summer discharge. A great
number of useful facts have already
been gathered by the department of
agriculture, but it is of the highest in
terest, in order that they may be prop
erly utilized, to determine the best
methods of seeking the elements and
to coordinate the results obtained.
This is a new and important task,
which has been confided to commit
tee for scientific studies.