davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Durango semi-weekly herald., 1906-01-08

AN .S No'iHatti Nhtl we np-Viss RUE
OF railroads taking effect Tuesday will
cost the roads many millions Of dol.
lars in Pennsylvania before Jan. /,
1907. Retaliatory measures are oil.
ready being framed by the city and
country editors of the Keystone state,
and by the members of the legislature.
William T. Greasy, Democratic lead.
.er from Columbia county, has already
received enough promises from Re.
publican members throughout the
state to insure the passage of his bill
allowing trolley lines to carry freight
The Pennsylvania railroad, because of
Its powerful pull with majority Of
the members of the house and senate.
has succeeded for twenty years In
suppressing this bill Immediately af.
ter its introduction. Such law would
cost the railroad. approximately es.
timated about 100000 annually.
Charles McGee. cowboy from east
of Fort Lupton, created small.sised
riot In one of the school rooms Of
Brighton by riding through tho door
into the room and starting tn shoot
In every direction with two big re.
volvers. The bullets whizzed danger
ously close TO the teacher and stu.
dents. MCGEE was driving some cs..
tie To Denver and was passing .he
Brighton school when the peculiar no
lion TO play cowboy and shoot up the
place struck him. He ts 22 Year, old
Durango semi-weekly herald., 1906-01-08

uOh. We have u $40, 900 milch cows
worth siS2 000, ,O0o but there has been
STEADY decline in the number and
the total value OF beef cattle. until
We now have only A.. .669 600. worth
$3.50 600 900 This no doubt. nartiai.
ly accounts Tor the high price Of beef
in the retail markets. While the pop.
ulation has increased at the rate of
nearly 4 million year. the number
Of beef cattle has steadily declined
for the past ten Years. and the price
per head mas consequently advanced.
The cattle trade is undergoing an ev.
olution. The hie ranches are being
cut M into small farms; the ranges
are being plowcd and planted to corn
and wheat because the land has he
come too valuable to use as pastur.
age the big herds have been driven
to market aud sold. and instead OF
one man raising 10000 cattle. we have
Loco farmers raising ten cattle each
or less. There is more money 10 pork
than tacre is in beef The number of
swine in the United States today is
a. .s2l 900. ana they ar. worth s2s3, |
2550oo. Sheep are decreasing in |
numbers and in total value. hut are
increasing in individual value and are
producing a better class of wool. 4
which is being sold for n higher price.
In the aggregate the value OF farm
animals of all sorts has increased
The Olneyville times. (Olneyville [Providence, R.I.]) 1887-1917, 1906-10-26
~
Crowded German Universities.

The number of matriculated stu.
dents at the German universities dur.
ing the summer term is given as IL.
942, an increase Of over 5000 on last
year. OF these $3.50 are in Berlin.
5,734 at Munich, 4,147 at Leipzig 3.275
at Bonn, 1850 at Freiburg. 2,12S al
Halle. 1926 at Gottingen, 1922 at Her.
delberg, and 1862 at Jena, while the
rest are. distributed among various
universities. There are 12,413 stu
dents Of law; 1882 are studying phil.
osophy, philology or history, 6,5S4
medicine and G,212 mathematics or
natural science. The number Of stu
dents has nearly trebed during the
last thirty years, the returns for 1876
showing that in that year the entries
amounted only to 16Sl2.-From the
Atheneum.
The Olneyville times. (Olneyville [Providence, R.I.]) 1887-1917, 1906-10-26
Scientific SIaughtcr-IIouscs.

Paris, with her genius for organl-
zatiOn, probably leads the world in
her scientifically conducted slaughter
houses. Almost perfect precautions
for public safety are taken by means
Of the rigorous inspection OF the meat
by the police. There are two inn
mense municipal abattOirs and the
charge for slauGhtering, known as
the 'slauPh cr-hOuse tax" Is two
francs per hundred Kilograms, or
a out SAFE per ten, which the city
sets aside , defray the cost OF main
tanning and repairing the abattoirs.
In round numbers the city receives
$760,000 year.
The cattle market and the slaugh-
ter-houses occupy over 100 acres.
The market consists of branch line
connecting with the railways rum ing
into PCris, stables, fountains, three
large covered market buildings, and
the cattle pens. The inspection Of
live stock is carried out with great
thoroughnoss by a large staff of vet
erinary surgeons, or their assistants,
attached to the prefecture of police,
says Frederic Lees i'm the London
The Olneyville times. (Olneyville [Providence, R.I.]) 1887-1917, 1906-10-26
Sauce for the Gander.

A woman entered a barroom. and
advanced quietly to her husband. who
sat drinking with three other men.
She placed a covered dish on the
table and said: "Thinkin' ye'd be too
busy to come home TO supper, Jack,
I've fetched it to you here" And she
departed. The man laughed awkward.
ly. He invited his friends to share
the meal with him. Then he removed
the cover from the dish The dish
was empty. 1t contained only a slip
of paper that said; Il hope YOU will
enjoy your supper. It is the same
your wife and children have at home q"
--ArgOnaut
The Olneyville times. (Olneyville [Providence, R.I.]) 1887-1917, 1906-10-26
A FOOD CONVERT
Good Food the True Road to Health.

The pernicious habit some persons
still have OF relying on nauseous
drugs TO relieve dyspepsia, keeps up
the patent medicine business and
helps keep up the army OF dyspep-
tics.
ion-dyspepsia-is caused
by what is put into the stomach In
the way OF improper food, the kind
that so taxes the strength OF the di-
gestive organs they are actually
crippled.
When this state Is reached. 10 re-
sort TO stimulants is like whipping a
tired horse with a big load Every
additional effort he makes under the
lash increases his loss OF power 10
move the load
Try helping the stomach by leaving
of heavy, greasy. indigestible food
and take on Grape Nuts-light, easily
digested. full OF strength for nerves
and brain. in every grain Of il.
There's no waste OF time nor energy
when Grape,Nuts is the food.
II am an enthusiastic user or
Grapefruit and consider it an ideal
food" writes a Maine man
II had nervous dyspepsia and was
all run down and my food seemed 20
do me but little good. From read.
ing an adv. ! tried GrapeNuts food,
and. after a few weeks steady use OF
it, felt greatly improved.
Am much stronger, not nervous
now, and can do more work without
feeling so tired, and am better every
way.
Il relish Grape.Nuts best with
cream and use four heaping teaspoon
fuls at meal am sure there are
thousands OF persons with. stomach
trouble who would be benefited By
using Grape-Nuts. Name given by
Postum Co, Battle Creek. Mich.
Read the little book. The Road 70
wellville," in pkgs. There's a rea.
son"
The Olneyville times. (Olneyville [Providence, R.I.]) 1887-1917, 1906-10-26
Both Perfectly Safe.

Two acQuaiutanccs met at the en-
trance To a public dining room, hung
up their hats in the hallway and went
inside Higgins" said the smaller
one OF the two, that's a fine hat OF
yours. Aren't YOU little afraid to
leave it out there, where somebody
might make mistake and walk off
with it,"
Not a bit" responded the larger
man. My size is seven and three
quarters. If any other man should
put it ON his head it would come
down to his ears But how about
YOU, Hawkins" Yours is a fine hat,
too. Isn't it a bit risky to leave 1t
there?"
- should say not" answered Haw-
kius. Mine is six and one-half.
There isn't one man in a thousand
that could get it far enough on his
head TO make 1t stay on. shouldn't
b. afraid to hang it up in the ante
room at ward caucus. "--Youth's 5
COMPANION
The Olneyville times. (Olneyville [Providence, R.I.]) 1887-1917, 1906-10-26
\ Rich Brother.

Mr.. Dwight l.. Moody used 20 tell
OF a young man he knew of who
went into business In one OF our
Western towns The people thought
he was sure TO fail. but he did not.
After he had been going along for
some years, showing no signs OF fall
ing. II was discovered that he had q.
brother in the East who was very
rich, and who helped him along from
time 10 time.
Just so is it with us in the Chris
tian life: we have an Elder Brother
who is very rich. and, Joined in part
nership with Him, He will help US
TO hold out. Joined TO Christ We are
i'm alliance with One who is not only
able but willing TO give us all needed
grace and strength. They that trust
In the Lord shall not want any good
thing" God is our refuge and
strength. very present help in
trouble" Christian. young or old.
or In whatever circumstance Of need,
take courage. take heart. look up'
The promises OF God can never fail.
He is the same yesterday. to-day
and forever" AS thy days so shall
thy strength be Rev. G.. b. +. Hal
lock. ID.
The Olneyville times. (Olneyville [Providence, R.I.]) 1887-1917, 1906-10-26

Worlds Work and Play THE dis
of eau de Javel goes on daily
might almost say hourly.
"On the conclusion of a sale, the
animals are generally at once trans
fcrrcd To the abattoirs. Here the
buildings. some forty to fifty in num-
ber. consist of slaughtcr-houscs,
stables, siugeing house, auction
room for the sale Of small quantities
of meat. octroi building, administra-
tive Offices, eleCtriC-lighting station,
ice mandatory, janitor's lodge,
Clock-tower. etc. The slaughter
houses, which are solidly built and
arranged on a fan-shaped plan, are
separated into equal groups by three
perpendicular and three transversal
streets which cross at right angles.
Oxen are killed i'm open Courtyards,
and these in addition to the echau-
doirs, where animals are cut up and
dressed ready for sale TO butchers,
are carefully cemeuted, the ground
sloping toward central trough
which leads direct TO the drains.
There is plentiful supply of water
and the whole place is kept SO sCrup-
ulously clean that. toward one
o'clock I'm the afternoon, when killing
is over for the day and buying com
mences, you would never imagine
that 1t had SO recently been the scene
OF the slaughter OF thousands OF ami
mails
After each carcass has been
dressed and suspended on the stands
with stout iron pegs which can BE-
seen both inside and outside each
echaudoir, It is examined by one OF
the numerous inspectors OF the pre-
lecture of police. who, ON finding It
! to be sound and OF good quality.
/ stamps IL in violet ink with the let.
\ ters PIP prefecture OF police)
/ Should he End that IL is diseased, h
| Immediately reports the matter C.
his superior officer; the special cart
/ which collects uusouuG meat is sent
/ around, and thc carcass is removed.
| either 90 be vnnd red Iscless for sale
as human food by sprinkliug Il with
! petroleum or TO be given TO the Jardin
des Plantes for the use of the Wild
animal, In this way. not a single
pound OF meat is offered for sale in
Paris 'rithout it having been exam
ined. Before each carcass leaves the
abattoirs the officials at the exit look
TO see that It is properly stamped
and at the same time that IL Is
weighed.
The Olneyville times. (Olneyville [Providence, R.I.]) 1887-1917, 1906-10-26

The lean Christian is sure to be
nervous.
The Olneyville times. (Olneyville [Providence, R.I.]) 1887-1917, 1906-10-26

A new flower holder for table use
is described by Iiarper's Bazar. The
holder consists Of a wire frame stand
ing in a water bowl The wire, OF
course, becomes concealed by the
flowers and foliage. one advantage
this holder has Is that the wires may
be bent i'm any direction, 50 that
number OF effects may be obtained
with the same frame.
The Olneyville times. (Olneyville [Providence, R.I.]) 1887-1917, 1906-10-26

The Bermudas have a Parliament
OF thirty-si members. while the
number of voters is only 1900.
The Olneyville times. (Olneyville [Providence, R.I.]) 1887-1917, 1906-10-26

{ Hon. NJ. c. Butler, Ex-U. s Sena-
tor from South Carolina for two
( terms, in letter from Washington,
! ID. c.. writes 10 the Peuna Medicine
J Co., as follows:
{ II can recon- mend PPruno for
( dyspepsia aud stomach trouble.
{ hdre been using your medicine
I Tor short period and i feei very
! much relieved. II Is indeed a
WOnderJi.t medicine, besides
good tOafc.u
~ ATARRH of the stomach is the cor
y rect name for most cases Of dyspepsia.
In order TO cure catarrh of the stom-
ach the catarrh must be eradicated.
Only an internal catarrh remedy, such
as Peruna, Is available
Peruna exactly meets the indications.
The commonwealth. (Greenwood, Miss.) 1896-1923, 1906-06-29
OPPOSES THE Plan.

Relative to the discussion to the
effect that a convention should be
called to nominate all the subordin-
ate candidates for state otlices-in-
GLIDING all except the candidates for
governor and United States senator,
State Auditor T. NJ Henry, who is a
candidate for insurance commission
or. says he is opposed to any such
plan. lie has always been an advo-
cate Of general state primaries, and
believes they resulted in good in
various directions lie is willing to
submit his candidacy to a direct
vote Of the people and will cheerful
~ abide the result. These primar-
les were intended to and in a large
sense do take place Of the general
election and Mr.. Henry believes the
people should have same right to
vote directly for the subordinate
candidates as for the two higher
ones Of governor and United States
senator, and that any other plan
would prove dissatisfaction Jack
son News.
The commonwealth. (Greenwood, Miss.) 1896-1923, 1906-06-29
NEW ADDITION TO
SCHOOL BUILDING.
Contract Awarded to S. l.. MasInnIs 6
Co. For S745O00.

The contract for the new addition 10
the Greenwood Graded School building
and certain needed repairs on the origi-
nj building has been awarded 10
Messrs. S. t.. Maginnis Il Co., Of this
city. for the gun Of t7,45O.O0, and work
will begin on same an soon AZ the mater
iaI can be placed on the ground.
The new addition will consist Of four
recital rooms, the growth Of tho school
having been 30 great during the past
two years that it became absolutely
necessary to provide more room to ac-
commodate the increase in attendance.
Green wood Is justly proud Of her pub
lie school and the high standard it has
attained, The people are a unit when
It comes to the question Of providing tor
the comfort and convenience OF their
teachers and school children.
The commonwealth. (Greenwood, Miss.) 1896-1923, 1906-06-29
TWO NEW STORES
AND OFFICE BUILDING
10 BE BUTT by SAINT j. Stein Within
heKt Two Months.

Mr.. Sanl J. Stein il having the ma
teriaI placed on the ground for the cree
ton Of a magnificent pressed brick and
pIate-glass front two~story building on
his lots on the south cast corner OF How
ard and Washington streets.
The first floor OF this handsome new
building will be used for two stores, and
the second floor will be arranged for ton
desirable Offices.
The location Of this new structure ia
one Of the most desirable in the city,
aud it will be an ornament to Howard
street.
Mr.. Stein ia also havtng erected two
cotton Offices on Main street, lust north
Of Mr.. J. NJ. Estes cotton Office.
The commonwealth. (Greenwood, Miss.) 1896-1923, 1906-06-29
Moonlight Picnic and liayrldG.

The Younger set enjoyed a moonlight
picnic and hay ride given Saturday
night hy the hoys Of town. Among the
crowd w0rr Misses EIla Collier, Laura
Weaver, Susie Pcttoy, Willie Mckenzie,
Pearl lo1nson, Matte and Jennie Luck
Yves Johnson and Mossrs. Louis Aldridgo,
sam Colmcry, Joseph Smith, Fred Nc
Bride, Gordon Mcintyre, Monroe Nc,
Clurg. ]. !. Cain, Nohreis Austin, Robt
DeLoach, Sumter Gillespie, Emmett SUIT
ton, Herbert Hammond and James Cor,
don Gillespie, The jolly crowd were
ohaporoncd by Mesdamos N. s. Wright,
Il. l.. Luckett and j. II. Sutton.
The commonwealth. (Greenwood, Miss.) 1896-1923, 1906-06-29
Masonic Trial Monday Nlqht.

The largest asscmbIago Of Masons we
have aver sccn at a meeting of Green
wood Lodge l35 was on last Monday
night. Columhus Lodge had preferred
charges Of mmesonie conduct against a
mombcr Of Hood Lodge at Sumner. The
Sumner Lodge had acquitted the broth.
cr, nm appeal was taken to the Grand
Lodge, which in tnrn referred the case
to Greenwood lodge for trial, and the
brother was again cvoneratcd. Colum.
hUs and sumner lodges had representa-
tiycs In attendance at the trial.
The commonwealth. (Greenwood, Miss.) 1896-1923, 1906-06-29
Notice TO Contractors.

Sealed bids will be received by the
Board of Supervisors of Lelore County,
Mississippi, on the first Monday in July
building Pile Bridge at ]. D. billiards.
place about 200 feet lohg, according to
plans and specifications on file in the
Chancery Clerks office. The board re-
serves the right to reject any or all
bids. G. W. CROCKETT, Clerk.
Greenwo d, Miss, June 9Th, 1905.
The commonwealth. (Greenwood, Miss.) 1896-1923, 1906-06-29
Joiner RONCII MARRIAGE.

MIR. Dorsey A. Joiner, Of Sunny Side
and Miss Ethel Alma Rowell, of Duck
Hill, were united in marriage ut the lat,
ter place on Tuesday, June Goth. Mr.
Joiner is the son Of Mr., and Mrs, J. ?
Joiner and is a most excellent young
business man, and his fair bride is one
Of Duck uil's charming and talented
daughters. The Commonwealth joins
the many friends Of the happy young
couple In wishing them a long and pros
porous married life.
The commonwealth. (Greenwood, Miss.) 1896-1923, 1906-06-29
First National Bank Statement

We direct the attention Of the public
to the splendid financial statement of
the First National Bank OF Greenwood
published in this issue Of The Common
wealth. This stannch institution ia In a
most prosperous condition, and we Join
its friends in wishing for it continued
RlnrOHH.
The commonwealth. (Greenwood, Miss.) 1896-1923, 1906-06-29
Notice to Contractors.

Sealed bids will be received by the
Board OF Supervisors of Lefore County,
Mississippi, on the first Monday in July
for building Bench Bridge at first Bridge
East OF Hog Bayou, about 40 feet long,
according to plans and specifications on
file in the Chancery Clerks office. The
board reserves the right to reject any
or all bids. G. W. CROCKETT, Clerk.
Greenwood, Miss, June 5th, 1906.
The commonwealth. (Greenwood, Miss.) 1896-1923, 1906-06-29
Good Rains This Week.

Splendid rains have visited a good
many sections of Lehore county during
tho past week, greatly benehtting the
cotton aud corn crops, The prospects
are growing better every day for an
enormous yield Of both cotton and corr
in this section.
The commonwealth. (Greenwood, Miss.) 1896-1923, 1906-06-29
Moved Into His New Buildinq.

Mr.. Jodn A. Shute moved his stock of
staple and fancy groceries into his hand
some new stone store building, on Main
street, south of Southern Railway, last
week. Mr.. Shute is fitted up in good
style now and has a nice line of first
class good.
The commonwealth. (Greenwood, Miss.) 1896-1923, 1906-06-29
P. |. DeIOaCh Cos Sale.

We direct attention to the page an
n]ounccment Of the =. l., Deloach Co.'S
second annual clearing sale in this issue
OF The Commonwealth. This popular
store Is Offering a big lot OF high class
uoods al remarkably low prices.
The commonwealth. (Greenwood, Miss.) 1896-1923, 1906-06-29

Miss Minnie H%ightower, who has been
the charming guest Of Miss Sallie Wal
ton Humphreys for two weeks, left Mon
day for her home at Hattiesburg. She
was accompanied by Miss Sallie Humph-
reys, who will spent a few weeks with
Miss Hightower.
Capt. Volney Moore, an intelligent
and prominent citizen of Oakland, was
in the city last Friday and made this of
fee an appreciated call. He is for
Brewer for Governor and thinks he will
win.
The Linen Shower given by the Kings
Daughters last Tuesday afternoon was
quite a success. The good people of
Greenwood responded literally to this
worthy cause, and the Kings Daughters
will soon have the little cottage on West
Washington street ready for patients.
The Matinee Musical Club was organ
lied last week with Mrs. Nathan Wright,
president; Miss Bessie Creegan, vice.
president; Miss Susie Wells, treasurer:
Miss Ella Bew, secretary; Misses Hazel
Hope and Sallie Steele, critics. The
purpose of the club is to learn some
thing OF the lives of the greater must
clans and some compositions from the
celebrities. The next meeting will be
held with Mrs. N. s. Wright and Grieg
will be studied.
The following young gentlemen COM
posed the Greenwood ball team, which
played ball with Lexington this week:
Gordon Mcintyre, Gordon Gillespie.
Dick Bolton, Dick Mcbride, Maurv
Humphreys, Arthur Bell, E. johnson,
Chamberlain Trotter, (winonal G. Reese.
S. Fultz, S. Colmery. They are an ele-
giant lot of fellows and made manv
friends in Lexington, who will heartily
welcome them whenever they choose to
visit our city. Lexington Advertiser.
I
The commonwealth. (Greenwood, Miss.) 1896-1923, 1906-06-29
rheumatism.

Why suffer from this painful malady?
One application Of Chamberlain's Pain
Balm will relieve the pain and make rest
and sleep possible. Many cures have
been effected by it's continued use.
Price, 25c. large size, soc. For sale by
Raines' drug store and Chambers drug
store,
The commonwealth. (Greenwood, Miss.) 1896-1923, 1906-06-29

in KilmichaeI.
Hon. c. Il, Harris came down from
Sumner Sunday.
Hon. A. r. Gardner made a visit to ST,
Louis this week.
Mfr. T. NJ. DeLoach, Of Grenada, spent
Monday in the city.
Mr.. II. Y. Fralser, Of SholImound, was
in the city Saturday.
Miss Irma Portwood was the guest Of
friends in Yazoo City.
Mr.. r, B. Schlater came down from
Schlater last Monday.
Miss Viola Carr is visiting friends and
relatives in C~oToeytllo.
- - %
Mr.. Thos. Meek, Of Grenada was a
city visitor last Saturday,
MIR. e. X. Myrick was ovcr from Ber-
clair on business Saturday.
Mrs. Emma Birdsong was down from
SchIater shopping Saturday.
Mrs. ]. n. Colmerry was a visitor to
Castalian Springs last week.
Mr.. G. M. Melton is at Dawson
Springs, Ky, for a few weeks.
Mr.. J. NJ. Yerger came down from
Minter City on business Monday.
Miss Blanch Newkirk, Of Louisville.
KY, is visiting Mrs. Maud Guess.
Mr.. ?. Cohen, Of Vicksburg, was among
ms friends last Sunday.
Mr. j. If. Russell, OF ltta Bona, made a
brief business trip to the city Friday.
Mr. Durwood Pierce, OF the Itta Bena
Progress, was in the city last Monday.
o. O. -
MI "eo' A. wilson, dr., Of NchIater,
spent Saturday and Sunday in the city
WILDWOOD ana spent Tuesday night
'0
''''' "''''""o" ''S' 'F'o"y alter
'''"'
-.
A"o'0''' anu 'p'"V d 10" o"yS UuS
"'oN'
''''e "s''''''' o"'' ""''o H0ro "o"'
"
...
.''o' ""u '''enoS III Temple lex" LOT a
10" "o'NS'
"""p"'oS' "oio re'onO N'S'VorS 10 Cas-
'"''"n 'p''nS''
s"oS' VI inc MISSES hucNoV'' last oatur-
Jay anu "0'""S'
o"iie "Firnn' Oh h"Zoo Clty' we're VIsit-
ors mere last saturday
Mrs. NJ. W. Tidwell. of Carrollton, is
Mr.. r. H. Hicks, this week.
Mrs. DR.. McLemore, Mrs. Z. NJ. Pur-
cell and l;ttle CON ora s~rordirr fou,
The commonwealth. (Greenwood, Miss.) 1896-1923, 1906-06-29

Jesse Banks is running his Ice Cream
wagon every day, and s~olicits your or
ders. He makes tirst-class cream and
guarantees satisfaction.
The commonwealth. (Greenwood, Miss.) 1896-1923, 1906-06-29

Messrs. F. G. Williams, H. +. Brister
+: +. Davis and G. H. Williams, of Yazoo
CITY, had business in the city last Fri
day and Saturday.
The commonwealth. (Greenwood, Miss.) 1896-1923, 1906-06-29
Notice of Dissolution.

The partnership under the firm name
OF Gleason & Mccain, cotton buyers, is
this day dissolved by mutual consent.
THOS. A. GLEASON.
JNO. 7. MCCAIN.
Greenwood, Miss, June 20, 1905.
Referring to the above, Mr.. Thos. A.
Gleason will continue the business for
his own account.
The commonwealth. (Greenwood, Miss.) 1896-1923, 1906-06-29
ky
II bit
Cured
I
Home

No Hypodcmics Used,
No Sickness,
No Loss of Time,
No Cure, No Pay.
This is the Remedy of
Today-the Result of
The Progress of Medi-
cal Science. Don't
Waste Your Time and
Money and impair your
Health by Going to a
Sanitarium, where the
Dangerous and Poison
Gus Hypodermic Treat
mcnts are Administer
cd. The Whisky Habit
is a Disease which is
Easily Cured Privately
at Your Own Home.
W. h. Lewis, M. D
Room z, Reiman House,
GREENWOOD, MISSISSIPPI.