The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1905-07-02

COWS that have become infected with dis
ease from enforced breathing OF impure
air in stables. frequently OF costly finish
but seriously defective from want OF proper
ventilation
In the construction OF country houses
sanitary provisions sh ouId have special
care and consideration. This requirement
in cities has come to be regarded as OF
SO much importance that the installation
of plumbing pipes and appliances. the
sewer connections and the provision for
ventilation are subject to municipal rules
and regulations and to official inspection
In the country similar requirements do
not exist and the owner of house alone
decides upon the plans. This he Is not
always qualified to do.
There are many vital and important prob
lens to be met. How shall the drainage and
plumbing best be arranged? How shall
we dispose of water from the roofs? How
shall dry and healthful cellar be secured?
Shall the drainage from the house 60 into
cesspool, and If so how shall it be ar
ranged. and how far shall the cesspool be
placed from the house to be unobjection-
able?
How shall the water supply be obtained2
If from we'll what can be the least possible
distance between a we'll and a cesspool?
Shall the house have an attic tank, or
shall an outside tank tower be erected?
What power shall be used for pumping water?
What provisions shall be made to secure
protection for the house, the stable or barn
from fire.
How are country houses to be most effec-
lively and economically heatedl There is
an increasing tendency to live in the country
through the entire year. and the plans for
ample heating should be most complete.
These are only few Of the many and very
important problems that have to be met
in country building, and the judgment,
knowledge and experience Of the best sani-
tary and other engineers should be had,
that mistakes along these lines may he
avoided
Greenhouses should be located near to
or ad Joining the gardens that time may he
economical in the work of distributing plants
and in their general care. Much time is
lost and added expense is incurred when
the houses are widely separated from the
gardens.
Poultry buildings should be built upon
the least valuable land, upon that which
is dry. Stony, rough land is we'll suited
to this purpose. for it is usually dry or nat
urally well drained Upon such soil poul-
try diseases are less liable to occur.
Here again good ventilation is highly
essential Fancy poultry buildings. with
expensive fnishings, generally result in
! poor outcome from the fowls, which thrive
far better when they have free range.
Chickens confined to buildings with only
limited space in small, divided and sub
divided yards, soon contract lazy habits,
will remain in their luxurious quarters
and become inactive. Then disease is apt
to overtake them and eggs for the family
have to be sent out from the city.
In the plans for country home storage
building for garden products will be found
to be of special value. When vegetables
are taken out OF the ground much of their
freshness and fine favor is lost through
drying and willing.
A storage room may be constructed OF
double concrete walls, and if built partly
underground it affords protection against
both heat and frost. A room fifteen by
twenty feet and eight feet deep would &C
commodate large quantity of supplies.
just before the ground freezes and the
winter makes it impossible to get vegetables
longer from the garden, the potatoes, car
rots beets, onions paIsnips, satisfy, celery,
and other vegeta bes for winter Use may here
I've stored and enjoyed in their finest quality
Ivy continuing the summer conditions with
storage in the soil. Soil would be moved
from the garden into the W inter storeroom,
in which the vegetables should again be
4 planted or covered.
A potato is never SO excellent as when
| taken fresh from the soil, and this is true
of all vegetables. The choicest and most
delicate rhuharb is that grown in the winter
! in a storage room of this kind at a low tenn
perature and in total darkness.
With this method of winter storage, with
soil covering. the luxury of fresh vegetables
with their finest flavors preserved may be
enjoyed to degree not known until tried
, II the storeroom could be built in connec-
ton with the ice house, so that cool air
could be carried into it. apples and other
fruits could be kept in their greatest perfec-
ton over a long period.
In no part OF the development OF coun-
try house may greater satisfaction be OBJ
tanned than in giving ample study to the
plans for buildings. They should be in
Guided in the general scheme, located with
a view to the purposes for which they are to
be used and in harmony with the general
development of the place.
All of the conveniences and comforts
desirable in buildings may be secured at
the least cost if they are thoroughly thought
and worked out at the initial point-before
the work of construction is begun 10 at
tempt to obtain these by making changes
in plans after construction Ia finished is
unsatisfactory as well as much more costly.
GEORGE T. POWELL.