davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1905-06-04
LOUISIANA SUGAR CROPS

There is no other industry in Louisiana OF
so great Importance to thestate at large, and
especially to New Orleans. as the sugar In
dustry," said q professor In Tulane Uni
versity to Star man. when a good cane
crop has been harvested everybody is hope
full, but when the cane crop Is short there
Is feeling of uneaSineSS, especially In
business circles.
THAT the sugar cane crop Is a forced
one in Louisiana Is well known to all who
are familiar with the industry In this state.
BY a forced crop is meant one that must
be FASTENED on to maturity by fertilization
and cultivation and irrigation, or, In snort.
by artificial means. This makes the ne
cessity greater for skilled supervision In
the preparation of the soil, fertilization ana
cultivation Of the cane, because one fer
tilizer tends to grow plant with little OF
no sugar, while another kind OF fertilizer
will cause the cane to produce the maxi
mum of sugar. The different methods OF
cultivation may be carried on so az to af-
feet the sugar yield In a large measure
Delay in working the cane In the spring
gives a late start In the growth OF young
canes, while cultivatfng too late In the sum
mer prolongs the green growing period and
consequently delays the ripening or FORM
ing period.
"Comparing the sugar industry of Louis
lana with agricultural interests elsewhere.
1t would seem there are some needed re-
forms along the line of reducing the area
Of farms and changing the present labor
system. Many OF the Plantations embrace
very large areas of land, varying from 800
to 10000 acres and some of them even
more and the land Is worth $50 to $50 per
acre. When sugar plantation of Louisiana
was Laid out and the labor owned by the
planter and controlled at his will, and the
prices of sugar were high, such large areas
under one management were prosperous. but
with free labor great difficulties met
with conducting one OF these large planta-
tons. 1t is true not so large an area as TO-
600 acres will be found In one body or under
the supervision of one oyerseer, but the
extent that there are not laborers enough
ton and the harvesting without the impor-
tation of other laborers at the harvesting
period. which requires an increase over the
cultivation period. The valley lands. which
are the best for growing cane, need very
expensive and extensive drainage system
Many OF the best farms have large mains
with lateral drains dividing the land up
into small cuts carrying from two to six
acres. The cultivation Is so carried on that
each row tthe rows vary from FIVE to seven
feet in width becomes in reality drain
and empties its surplus water into the lat
erals. A pumping station Is absolutely
necessary on some plantations to withdraw
the water. These drains, which are expen-
sfve to keep open. cause much loss on ac-
count of waste land on their banks. This
waste land must be cultivated. but returns
no direct revenue.
"The labor Is largely controlled BY what
u known as tho gang" system, very SINH
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1905-06-04

lar to that before labor was free Tho Ia
borers now consist Of negroes, native whites
Italians, Sfcilians and some other foreign
porn, the tendency being toward the dis
ip tIae OF the negro by other national
lties. as they are willing to work cheaper.
The planting season in Louisiana ia in
the faH and spring. Planting usually he
gins snort time before harvesting, and is
u1ne,hueo so long as land prepared for
planting Is at hand, or until the ripeness
OF the cane demands that planting cease
and harvesting begin, as both cannot be
carried out at once on account of the scare
ity of labor.
The cultivation of the cane Is difficult
and expensive The soil must be deenly
ana thoroughly prepared before Planting.
1 MS Is done with two and four horse plows
the steam ploW or cultivator not having
been introduced. During the growing period
pioW1ng Is not so deep. usually being con-
cluded with disc plows that leave the cane
up on high ridges, the object being to drain
the iand well and leave the stubble in win
ter. Much hoeing is required to keep the
weeds and grass out of the cane while
small. The fertility of the soil is main
tanned by the addition Of commercial fer
tllizers distributed either In drill or broad
cast, by rotation of crops, and by growing
heavy crops OF pea vines.
me harvesting of the cane Is largely
done by hand; that Is. the cane rs cut by
hand, and the fodder or trash taken on by
hand and the top cut Off by hand and laid
In piles along the rows, from where 1t is
taken, put into cars and carried directly 10
the factory or lifted from these carts and
loaded into cars and taken to the factory
either by plantation cars or on the regular
railroads. OF late, however, several can
cutting machines have been introduced and
have been found to be more economical
than hand cutting. Also small loading ma
chimes that can be moved about on the
plantation and are used in picking I'D cane
from the ground and loading It in tho carts
have come into practice and proved to be
labor economizers.
The yield of cane per acre is twenty to
of cane Is 100 to 200 pounds. Cane is sold
and bought by the ton, some paying for it
on g. basis OF sugar content others paying
80 cents for each cent of the price OF
what Is termed prime yellows.' There is
no hxed general principle upon which cane
Is purchased. The custom Is like that of
buying eggs and chickens by the dozen or
vegetables by the handful The cost of Gull
tivation or producing a crop Is $50 to $35
per acre, and for harvesting and manufac-
turing $3.50 to $175 par ton Of cane.
| ksA
There are In Louisiana about three hum
dred sugar factories In operation during the
manufacturing period. These factories cost
from $4,000 to $25O,0OO each, and some Of
the largest cost even $500. 900. The cane Is
passed through a crushing or shredding
machine and then through a mill consisting
OF three large rollers under great strain
OF hydraulic pressure, and from this min
| into o similar second mill, which removes
moved BY pressure from the cane. Between
r
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1905-06-04
Public Trade Schools.
From the New Orleans Picayune.


When the United States shall come. as
It will In few years to have 100000 900
OF Inhabitants, with corresponding ex-
pansion OF development there is going TO
skilled workmen II the control OF labor by
the unions should continue. The rules of
the unions in regard to apprentices virtu-
ally cut Off any sufficient supply of work
men who know their trades. A writer In
Casters Magazine. a publication devoted
to technical matters. calls attention to the
approaching conditions. He notes that the
introduction OF minute division OF labor
the extreme specialization OF the classes of
labor. and the growth of the large shop as
contrasted with the small general shop
h've greatly reduced the opportunities for
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1905-06-04

cry specification, and the board which de-
cides the capabilty of the drydock will
hold him accountable If anything Is amiss.
The contract price for the drydock was
to have been 81, 124,O 900. but this. has been
Increased somewhat by expenditures for
various things. such as patent paint pneu-
matte tubes, etc, which have been recon-
mended by Mr.. Cox. The contract time In
which the steel company was to have fin
ished the dock was twenty-seven months.
The first plate was laid on August q, 1903.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1905-06-04

and the approaching completion of the dock
makes 1t nearly month ahead of time
The Cavite drydock Is not as long as the
Algiers La.) dock. which was also built
for the navy by the Maryland Steel Com
pany, but 1t Is wider and deeper. and has
3 much greater capacity. 1t is 500 feet
long. 100 feet wide between tenders. 1874
feet wide over all, Is feet inches depth
from bottom to top. The side walls are IA
feet wide.
One feature of the dock, and one which
has never before been employed. is that II
Is built in three divisions. The utility of
this is that it Is able to dock itself, for
like all floating bodies, the bottoms become
foul with sea growth and barnacles. and
1t is necessary for them to be kept clean.
One of the divisions, or sections, Is long.
and two are smaller. When the bottom of
the larger section needs cleaning IT'S COM
partments are pumped dry, thus raising 1t
as far out of the water as possible. Then
the two small sections sunk and run
under the big one. They are pumped out
and the other section is raised out of the
water
The dock is being built on shore. A deep
pit. about eleven feet under the mean
water line, was made, and a cofferdam
was constructed to keep out the water.
Piles were driven and the plates for the
dock laid. When the time for launching
comes the cofferdam will be taken away
and the water allowed to flow in and float
the big shell.
Nearly 500 men have been employed on
the structure at one time and now 300
painters are working on her sides. These
men after finishing one section will move
Off to another each carrying paint
bucket and wearing clothing completely
covered with splashings of the red paint
In the painting alone $50 tons of red lead
have been consumed. and In the construc-
ton 900 tons of steel were used.
The dock will have bunker capacity of
eighty tons, and the anchors and anchor
chains will weigh another fifty Ready for
docking, her total weight will be 10000
tons.
Three 24-inch centrifugal pumps, the
steam for which Is furnished by three sepa-
rate 22j-horsepower Babcock & Wilcox
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1905-06-04

Manila bay from the city, the drydock will
be made fast near the shore
The next largest floating drydock In the
world is the Algfers dock, which was also
built by the Maryland Steel Company and
is stationed at New Orleans. 1t has lift
ing capacity of 1850 tons.
The Bermuda dock, which was built in
England. has lifting capacity of 1880
tons. The Pola dock. owned by Austria,
has capacity OF $4,000 tons. The Stettin
dock owned by Germany. has capacity of
1000 tons. The Pensacola dock Of the
United States government, and formerly
located at Havana, is $50 feet long. with a
lifting capacity of 10000 tons
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1905-06-04

boilers, will pump out or food the dock.
These pumps are controlled in the engine
room. On the port side. forward. Is the
valve house. where there are twenty-four
levers. The three sections of the deck are
divided into sixty-four water-tight COM
partmentS. and each of these levers con-
trolls the flooding and pumping of several
compartments. telephone gives commu-
nication with the boiler room and a pneu-
matte valve in the valve house announces
the amount Of water in the dock.
On the starboard side is a machine shop,
the quarters for officers and crew, kitchen
and bath rooms The machine shop Is for
ward. 1t is fitted with every appliance for
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1905-06-04

The labor Is largely controlled By what
b known as tho gang" system, very SINH
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1905-06-04

Company K. 1st Regiment is arranging to
give smoker within the next two weeks.
A program of vaudeville numbers will be
provided.
News and citizen. [volume] (Morrisville, Vt. ;) 1881-current, 1905-08-30
A RIDICULOUS FIGURE.

Max Beerbohm, the English actor,
thinks it is time to do away with the
ridiculous stock figure that has for
many years done duty on the Eng
lish stage for American men-al-
ways blatant, always cool, always
resourceful, always ready with
dreadful funniments in the manner
of Max Adeler. Thirty years ago,
before the development of steamship
navigation, it was natural enough
that the English playwrights should
be content with this figure. But
nowadays, when London through
out every summer is OVERLOOKING
with real Americans, it certainly
does seem strange that our play
wrights can give us nothing better
than this one old battered simulac-
rum"
News and citizen. [volume] (Morrisville, Vt. ;) 1881-current, 1905-08-30

waste! Pulled it up by the roots too. 1
like his cheek! Here is some mint"
'"Thank you," said Susan demurely,
"but l am not having lamb today"
"Where is Waterman" asked Tel
ford gloomily.
81 think he said he was going for
cress."
"Where is the general?" more gloom
fly.
''In the garden copying some recipes
| gave him. Mr. Tcllord, l do not wish
to bother your mother, therefore | will
speak to you Of what is quite seri-
GUS matter to me-" Susan put down
the bowl of cream with decision and
looked earnestly at Telford. Il am
here to do the work for which 1 am
well paid and to maintain the reputa-
ton of your mothers famous table. 1t
is very absorbing, exacting work, too,
although | have plcny of assistance;
so | simply cannot lie annoyed as
am by her guests. l am always glad
to give any one my recipes or to show
News and citizen. [volume] (Morrisville, Vt. ;) 1881-current, 1905-08-30
How to Eat Fruit.

1t is a mistaken idea that no fruit
should be eaten at breakfast. Indeed
it would be far better if people would
eat less bacon at breakfast and more
fruit. The apple is one of the best
fruits. Baked or stewed apples will
generally agree with the most delicate
digestion and are an excellent medicine
in many cases of indisposition. Green
or half ripe apples stewed and sweet
ened are pleasant to the taste, cooling
and nourishing. Raw apples are bet
ter than liver pills. Oranges are very
acceptable to most people, but the or
ange juice alone should be taken and
the pulp be rejected.
News and citizen. [volume] (Morrisville, Vt. ;) 1881-current, 1905-08-30
Thackeray and Charlotte nronte.

Thackeray and Charlotte DrOnte.
AS a child Charlotte Bronte adored
Thackeray long before the author of
"Vanity Fair" became known to her
personally. At last the two met and
here is Thackeray's version Of that
memorable first meeting, as related by
one Of his biographers
'Behold a lion cometh up out Of the
northp' the girl quoted underneath her
breath as Thackeray entered the draw
ing room. Some one repeated to him.
Good gracious" said rhackeray,
"and am nothing but FOR specimen
of an Engishman, raveA0us for my
dinner"
At dinner Miss Bronte was placed
opposite Thackeray by her own request.
"And l had" said he the miserable
humiliation Of seeing her ideal of me
disappearing down my throat, as every
thing went into my throat and nothing
came out of it, until at last as l took
my fifth potato, she leaned across with
clasped hands and. tears in her eyes
and breathed imploringly:
oh, Mr.. Thackeray, don'tp"
News and citizen. [volume] (Morrisville, Vt. ;) 1881-current, 1905-08-30

If you would be we'll in warm wealth
or heed the following les. Gays the
Rochester Herald:
Moderation in e,' g aud DIR mixing.
Pure air out of the house nd with
in it.
Keep every vital organ in constant
working order.
Take regular exercise every day in
all Weathers.
Sleep only from six to seven hours,
going to bed early and rising early.
Daily baths, cold one day, warm the
next.
Regular work and mental occupa-
ton.
Cultivate placidity, cheerfulness and
hopefulness.
Control passion and nervous fear.
Strengthen the will in carrying out
whatever is useful.
Check the craving for stlmulants and
anodynes.
News and citizen. [volume] (Morrisville, Vt. ;) 1881-current, 1905-08-30
HOW to I1eon Water Cool.

Stone jars with tight covers are the
best kind Of vessel to keep purified
water in, for they are easily filled and
handled, and may be set in an Ice
chest to cool, says the New York Tele-
gram. Once cold the heavy ware keeps
cool for hours, even when taken from
the iqeboX. Almost the only objection
to boiled water for drinking purposes
is the difficulty of keeping it cool. This
is rather hard to accomplish in the
summer unless you put it in a porce-
lain lined cooler
News and citizen. [volume] (Morrisville, Vt. ;) 1881-current, 1905-08-30

with this vile institution in our
midst, growing rapidly in power and
resources, securing devotees by the
thousand among the superstitious
people of the world, invading con-
gress, dominating the politics and
domestic affairs of Utah and con-
etautIy reaching out, ready at any
time to slap Uncle Sam in the face
with the doctrine OF states rights, /
sbudder to think what the result
NAV be-
If the real Americans, the Anglo
Saxoua, are not becoming silly they
viii smash this aceursed evil at once.
Politics, so az, has prevented it,"
News and citizen. [volume] (Morrisville, Vt. ;) 1881-current, 1905-08-30
SEAT LOST BY TELEGRAPH.
Why Representative Wallace Was Not
Returned to Congress.

"After Morse had invented the
telegraph" said General Lew Wal
lace when he told the story, che
wanted congress to appropriate $780,
600 to build an experimental line
from Washington to Baltimore. The
matter created a great deal of dis
cussion. Morse was sneered at and
jeered at, and many thought him in
sane. My father was a member of
congress at that time, and he was
one of the committee to which the
question of the appropriation was
referred.
"When the committee met, my
father was watching the experiment
of telegraphing from the house to
the senate. Wires had been stretched
and the inventors were operating
the instruments. My father saw
them work. He sent messages and
received replies. Then he went to
his committee room and found the
committee in session. They had just
voted on the appropriation, and
their vote was tie. He cast his
vote in its favor, and this caused
the appropriation to go through.
The result was the first telegraph
line in the world.
"Strange to say, that vote lost
my father his seat in congress-" con-
tinued General Wallace. "Thirty
thousand dollars was then a big
sum, and this vote became one of
the issues Of the next congressional
campaign. Father was charged with
wasting the peoples money, and his
opponent ridiculed him on the
stump by referring to his magnet
leo, electrico, Geographic appropria-
ton which no one could explain
He even asked father to explain it,
but at that time he could not do SO,
although he said it would be of
great benefit to the country. The
people thought differently, and the
result was his defeat" -Harper's.
News and citizen. [volume] (Morrisville, Vt. ;) 1881-current, 1905-08-30
How to Take Care of Small Fruits.

If raspberries are put in the refrlg-
orator they will almost surely be smit-
ten with mold, and this means ruin,
says Good Housekeeping. The saga
cious housekeeper comes to find out
that raspberries are as certainly spoiled
by a sojourn in the ice chest as they
would be by being dropped into the
garbage barrel. Small fruit, such as
raspberrles, Strawberries, currants and
cherries, are much better kept on a
broad tray carefully spread out so that
the air can circulate through them.
News and citizen. [volume] (Morrisville, Vt. ;) 1881-current, 1905-08-30
SUNDAY.

1t was one of these days so GllI,iTg
that they send little heralds in tie
way of sweet scents and bird els
and breezes to Waken one to the
miracle of the dawn, and John Tel
ford and Louis Waterman were not
deaf to the summons. BetimeS they
arose and wandered in the gard N.
Gravely, and always together, they
inspected the fruit trees, the currant
and gooseberry bushes, the tomato
vines and cucumber frames, but at
last John succeeded in evading his
vigilant friend and stood beneath the
kitchen window pleading his cause.
at isn't your cooking that has
reached my heart" he was saying
earnestly, cit is you. Sweetest Susan,
won't you marry me"
Susan stood with downcast eyes and
drummed on the window stills with
very decent looking finger tips, con-
siderng the cooking she did. An
amused and slightly tremulous smile
lowered around her mouth. 81 think
it only fair to reject your addresses"
she said at last after the number of
mine you have spurned."
"What do you mean?" in a puzzled
voice.
Susan ran to a cupboard and after
rummaging a moment among her cook
cry books drew out a little volume,
which she gave him. 1t was filed with
printed slips, many of them signed
by him.
"'This does not necessarily imply a
lack of literary merit" he read me-
chanically. "Pshawr' He tossed the
little book into bed of mint.
Susan smiled penslvely. "There goes
many heartache. / dare say should
have starved if had stuck to the lit
erary last. shall never forget one
day last April when awoke to the
fact that it was spring. | looked from
my dreary hall bedroom on the rows of
brick houses opposite me, and a sort
of mental nausea overcame me. | felt
like squirrel rolling increasingly in its
wheel and accomplishing nothing. A
rolling squirrel gathers no moss" she
murmured humorously, with a glance
at him from under her eyelashes, "and
neither did 1. ran to my little mirror
and saw the crows feet coming about
my eyes and the lines of worry on my
face. l threw myself upon my bed
and wept. Then l looked the situation
in the face. As a writer l was a fail
ure, and so 1 became a cook Do you
think it much of a step down in the
world"
"a step DOWN. cried John "Step
down! 1t was step up from medioc-
rity to genius. But, Susan, won't you
step down now for me-step down to
me?"
THAT" said Susan softly, "would be
another step up-the step from genius
to happiness"
News and citizen. [volume] (Morrisville, Vt. ;) 1881-current, 1905-08-30
Estate of sumner.A. Andrews.

LICENSE TO SELL. ~
State of Vermont District of Lamoille, ss.-In
for said district. ON the 18th day of Aug, a.
d. 1905. =, 81
Mary A. Andrews, Executrix of the estate of
trIct, deceased, makes application to said Court
for license to sell all of the real estate of said
deceased, representing that the sale is ben
upon, it is ordered by said Court, that said
application be referred to a session thereof, to
be held at the Probate Office, in said Hyde Park,
on the e. eleventh DAY of September a. o.
it is further ordered, that all persons inter-
ested be notified hereof by publication of
notice of said application and order thereon,
three weeks successfully in the News and
Citizen, printed at Morrisville and Hyde Park
before said time of hearing that they may ap-
pear at said time and place and. if they see
cause, object thereto. sa -.
By the Court-Attest, rl
40 EDWIN G, WHITE, Judge.
News and citizen. [volume] (Morrisville, Vt. ;) 1881-current, 1905-08-30
Rnhlir Nn ArnmnNh.

The public is aroused to a knowl-
edge of the curative merits of that
great medicine tonic, Electric Bitters,
for sick stomach, liver and kidneys.
Mary Il. Walters, of SAG st Clair
Ave-, Columbus, o., writes I" For
several months l wasgiven up to die.
| had fever and ague, my nerves were
wrecked. / could not sleep, and my
stomach was so weak, from useless
doctors drugs, that / could not eat.
Soon after beginning to take Electric
Bitters, obtained relief, and in a
short time | was entirely cured"
Guaranteed ut L. A. Wadleigh's drug
store pliCe SOC.