Vermont phÅ“nix. [volume] (Brattleboro, Vt.) 1834-1955, 1905-09-01
philadelphia Ledger.l


Japan and Russia have terminated their
war. The terms of peace were agreed
upon yesterday through the magnanimity
OF the japanese. The formal treaty will
at once be drafted. and the two nations
will enter upon wnat all mankind will
hope and trust shall prove "a just and
lasting peace"
The negotiations which have been thus
happily terminated prove a fitting con-
clusion to what, in many respects, was
the most notable war in history. The
gigantic struggle in w.ch an oriental
nation for the first time was successful
in warfare with the most populous and
one OF the most powerful European
Powers witnessed the most destructive
naval battle recorded upon the pages OF
time, brought into engagement upon the
field of battle the largest armies of which
man has trustworthy chronicle, was the
first great war in which modern arma-
ment and modern tactics saw their full
development, and brought into the family
that henceforward will become one Of the
controlling factors to be reckoned with
in the development progress and adjust
ments of civilization.
The peace conference proved a nat
ural corollary Of the stupendous and
transcendently important events it con-
sidered; 1t furnishes history a new
chapter in diplomacy; It places a crown
Of laurel upon the brow of Americas
great President Theodore Roosevelt, the
Pacifcator; it enshrines the name of
Japan freshly in the hearts of all lovers
Of peace. all friends Of humanity, for her
final acts OF magnanimity and modera-
tion, which exalt and glorify her charac-
ter not one whit less than her brilliant
and heroic achievements in war.
BY the terms Of the treaty Japan gains
all that she originally fought for and
much more besides.
The real cause Of the war, summed
into a very few words, was Russia's
encroachments upon Korea, which
threatened Japan's autonomy. Japan's
fear was strengthened by Russia's re-
fusal both to evacuate Manchuria and
to open the treaty ports according TO
agreement; her determination to estab-
lish herself permanently there, with evi-
dent designs of eventually appropriating
Korea as well, was unmstakable
The result of the war completely alters
that situation.
The exact terms OF the treaty are not
yet made known, but the points agreed
upon are conceded to contain the follow
ing clauses:
First. Recognition of the preponder-
ating influence of Japan in Korea. The
term "preponderating influence" in the
treaty is tantamount to the grant of n
protectorate or suzerainty of Japan over
the Hermit Kingdom.
Second. Providing for the simulta-
neous evacuation OF Manchuria. This
provision applies no doubt to the with
drawal Of the great armies, but under
the other terms Of the treaty Japan will
keep a considerable force in that country,
at least until China makes some reim-
bursement to her for its transfer. Rus
sia, however. will now be compelled to
evacuate the country completely, thus
seeing the total extinguishment of all
her hopes in that direction.
Third. The transfer OF the lease of
Liaotung peninsula by Russia to Japan,
and with it the lease Of Port Arthur and
Dalny and the permanent control of the
Sea Of Japan.
Fourth. The establishment OF Chi
nese civil administration in Manchuria
This of course, will be under the general
direction of Japan.
Fifth. The transfer to Japan by Rus