davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Fergus County argus. [volume] (Lewistown, Mont.) 1886-1946, 1905-02-22

best score being awarded to Miss
Schroeder and the consolation to Mr.
Cook. The guests found their part.
ners for cards by means of comic val.
entines. A lunch consisting of heart.
shaped sandwiches, olives, sailed nuts
cake and coffee was served. The table
and house decorations were all in red
hearts. The members of the Jolly
Time" club are Mr.. and Mrs. Mclean
Mr.. and Mrs. Chas. Fang, Mr.. and Mrs
Walter Smith, and Mr.. and Mrs. J. E.
Lane. The guests of the evening were
Messrs. and Mesdames. Geo. Cook, O..
to WasmansdOrff, Busenburg, Mere.
dith, Curtis and Mr.. Everett and Miss
Schroeder.
The Woman's Club.
The WOman's Club met at the home
Of Mrs. H. c. Brown on Thursday af.
ternoon. The following program was
given: Current events, Life of For
eigners in Japan, MIS-. Stoddard
Present Conditions of Women and
Children in Japan, Mrs. Wiedeman.
Entertained at Lunch.
Mrs. Halsey r. Watson entertain
ed the members of her Sunday school
class very delightfully."- on Saturday
afternoon. A dainty lunch was serv.
ed. The following were present: Ju.
dith Waite, Madge Eldridge, Anna Ho.
bensack, Elsie Hobensack, Maude Hill,
ger, Della Phillips, Mary Phillips, Eu-
nice Smith, Lena Corbley, Linn Corb-
ley. Henrietta Won Tobel and Bessie
Hogeland.
Miss Fulton was hostess to the mem
bers of her Sunday school class on
Saturday afternoon. Several guess.
ing contests were engaged in, the sew
eral prizes going to Miss Alta Melon.
aid, pretty pin cushion and picture
to Miss Pauline Froembling doiley
and to Miss Ruby Clifford book. A
delicious lunch was served. and dane
ing was enjoyed for short time. The
following are the class members.
Minnie Coryell, Pauline Froembling
Faith Pratt. Ida Shaw, Minnie Hop
kins, Olive Ayers, Alta Mcdonald and
Marie Remington. Each guest receiv
ed as a souvenir of the occasion a
dainty penwiper in burnt leather.
Mrs. Geo. J. Bach entertained a
small company of friends at 500" Oh
Wednesday evening.
Mr.. and Mrs. A. w. War; entertain
ed the Rev. and Mrs. Wakefield at din
ner on Wednesday night.
Mr.. and Mrs. Geo. J. Bach leave
Friday for an extended trip through
the east including Chicago, New YORK
ana Washington, d. c., and will at
tend the inaugural ball.
Fergus County argus. [volume] (Lewistown, Mont.) 1886-1946, 1905-02-22
SCHOOL BOND
lSSUE$15,0o0
TRUSTEES DECIDE TO LET I'M.
PROVEMENTS GO OVER UN-
TIL NEXT YEAR.

AT meeting of the school board
Saturday night, the bonding question
was taken up, discussed at length and
finally disposed of, the board decid-
ing upon an issue of $4,000 ten year
bonds, bearing interest at the rate of
41a per cent.
1t was originally planned to issue
bonds to the amount of about $4,000,
under the authority of the special act
recently passed by the legislature. OF
this amount, $4,000 was to be applied
to paying off the present debt of the
district, while the balance of $4,000
was to be used in making repairs. Up
on further consideration of the whole
matter. however, the conclusion was
reached that it would be wise to omit
the Improvements this year, and al
low them to go over until next. when
1t will be possible to make them out of
the regular taxes.
Improvements Are Considered.
A plan for taking out the old heat
ing plant at the central school was
considered. and competent plumbers
and steam filters offered to transform
it into low pressure steam plant
and guarantee the work for $1,000.
This includes bringing water into the
building and the establishment of two
toilet rooms. The plan, while satisfac-
tory, was allowed to 60 over.
The need of a heating plant at the
third ward school was discussed, and
it was found that this improvement,
with two toilet rooms. would cost $500.
This matter will be attended to next
year.
The contract for the publication of
catalogue, giving the courses of
study at the schools. together with
much information that will be of in
terest to patrons, was awarded to the
Argus.
Fergus County argus. [volume] (Lewistown, Mont.) 1886-1946, 1905-02-22
Society ~note$

The Elks' Ball.
The most Ostentatious social event
| of the season occurred on Friday
night when the B. p o. E. gave their
second annual charity BALI at Cul-
ver's hall.
The hall was most beautifully dec
| GRATED in the colors of the lodge, pur-
pie and white The walls and cell
ing were entirely hid from view by
tent-like covering of the two colors.
Innumerable electric lights in purple
and white globes diffused a soft light
and two elk heads with tiny electric
! lights upon the antlers decorated each
end of the hall Upon the stage,
amid a bower of green and the en-
blematic draperies. Prof. Races or
| chestra was stationed. Punch was
served from two booths between the
Dances Great credit is due TO the
following committees, who worked so
arduously to make the affair the pro-
nOunced social and financial success
which it was. Decorating committee
consisting of Messrs. Hugh Wagner,
and w. NJ. Mclean. Program COM
mttee-J. c. Bebb, 8. c. Weaver Ed
ward Suffer- Floor cOmmittee-W.
W. MCSlttu, II. ID. OlDSOu, II. II. WAT
son and Phillip Chase.
A most sumptuOuS supper, consisting
of chicken and ham sandwiches. pick
les. olives. coffee, ice cream and cake
was served. the ladies' of st. James
Guild being in charge. The follow
ing ladies and gentlemen were pres
ent: Messrs. and Mesdames. Wag-
ner Suffer, Bach, Edward Brassey,
Delzell, Holzemer, Hilger, w. w.
White, Sam Weaver, l.. p. Slater, w.
II. Hopkins, Horace Phillips. l.. w.
Eldrid9e, Dr.. and Mrs A. J. Noble, w.
NJ. Blacktord. II. X. Watson. J. T..
Lane, Nj. J. Dignan. +. f. Goss. +. r.
Warren. f. f.. Smith, Dr.. and Mrs.
F. f. AttiX, A. F'roembling, J. l.. Raw,
W. l.. Jenkins, w. NJ. Mclean. H. Fl.
BogSs, w. S. Smith, L. A. Ross, H.
b. Gibson, Mesdames. Waite. Symmes,
| Wiedeman, w. w Bennett Cupp,
Crowley, Balanser, Hedges, J. H. Char
ters, Jas. Charters, Misses AttiX
Wakefield, Newell, Meyersick. Noble
| Plum, Theo. Dougherty Hilger. Steph-
ems, Hosch, Suprenant, Radigan, Shut
| felt, Crowley, MCLEAN, Froemblin"
! 5ackford, Thompson, and Messrs II
| O. Wareham. C. d. Allen, r. T.. Hamil-
! ton, Cyrus Brown, Robert Hamilton
E. F. McKecnnie, T. W. Merrill, A. B
Lehman, J. +. Abel, Errett Smith
). S. Hobs IN, Chas. Meyersick, Try
| ing Pierce. p. Oswelier, f. |. Shane
| y. A. Chase, Thos. Stout, E. c. swift
Fergus County argus. [volume] (Lewistown, Mont.) 1886-1946, 1905-02-22

State OF Ohio. Sity of Toledo, L.u.
cas- County, SIS.
Frank J. Cheney makes oath that
ne Is senior partner of the firm of F
J. Cheney & Co, doing business in
the city of Toledo, County and state
aforesaid, and that said firm will nav
the sum of One Hundred Dollars for
each and every case of catarrh tina,
cannot be cured by the use of Halls
Catarrh Cure
FRANK J. CHENEY.
Sworn to before me and subscribed
in my presence, this 9Th day of De
cember, A. d. 1886.
A. w. GLEASON,
tSeaD Notary Public.
Halls Catarrh Cure is taken inter
nally, and acts directly on the bloc,
and mucous surfaces of the system,
Send for testimonials free.
F. J. CHENEY & CO, Toledo. 0.
Sold by all druggists, 75c.
Take Halls Family Pills for cor
stipation
Fergus County argus. [volume] (Lewistown, Mont.) 1886-1946, 1905-02-22
Notice to the Public.

Iewistown, Mont, Jan. 20, 1906
In view of the prevalence of smallpox
in Fergus county, Montana, and the
adjoining country, it is ordered that
all persons frequenting any school
building in Fergus county shall pre-
sent certificate from qualified ply
stefan to the effect that evidence has
been presented to him that such per-
son has been recently successfully
vaceinated, and that no teacher or pu-
Pill shall be admitted to any school
Fergus County argus. [volume] (Lewistown, Mont.) 1886-1946, 1905-02-22
Birthday Anniversary,

Little Miss Margaret Bach celebrat-
ed her eighth birthday in a very pleas
ant way on St. Valentines day. The
house was appropriated. decorated i'll
honor of the good saint and peanut
hunt constituted the afternoon 5
pleasure. The prize was awarded to
Miss Patience Eldridge, and was a
beautiful box OF bon buns in a heart
shaped box Miss Marie Bach and
Miss Constance barrow assisted in en-
tertaininS. The table decorations
were in pink and green. The following
We're the invited guests on this happy
OCCASION Constance Cheadie, Ollie
Sloane, Susie Martin Beatrice Quick
cl.len, Cecily Blackboard Bhonda Ak
ms, Mildred Lang, Ethel Lang, Patti
ence Eldridge, Madeline Stafford, Ev
elvn Shannon, Esta Shannon, Pauline
L}easley, Irene DuClos, Ruth Sherman
Lucy woods, Neva Anderson and Car
Ol,ne War;.
Fergus County argus. [volume] (Lewistown, Mont.) 1886-1946, 1905-02-22
Surprise Party.

surprise Sarty.
On Thursday evening. at the home
of Mrs. w. NJ. Mclean, number OF
Miss Newell's most intimate friends
surprised her very pleasantly, it be
ing her birthday anniversary. Pro.
Sressive hearts were played. the hon
ors of the evening being won by Miss
Phillips, and the consolation by Miss
Remington. A delicious lunch con
sisting of maple ice cream, angel food
chocolate and sailed peanuts was
served. The following young ladies
and gentlemen were present: Misses
Noble, Phillips, Fanny Cook. Attix
Radigan, Meyersick, Verna MCLEAN
Remington and Stevenson. and Messrs
Osweler, Meyersick. DR.. Harry Viii.
son, Cyrus Brown, w. H. Smith and
Mr. De kalb. Mrs. Mclean was as,
sisted in entertaining by Miss Louise
Schroeder.
Fergus County argus. [volume] (Lewistown, Mont.) 1886-1946, 1905-02-22

in Fergus county, Montana. without
first presenting such certificate Of vac
cination.
By order of Board of Health, Fer
gus county. Montana.
H. H. WILSON. NJ. D..
Secretary.
Fergus County argus. [volume] (Lewistown, Mont.) 1886-1946, 1905-02-22
Valentine Party.

Valentine Party.
On st. Valentines night the Jolly
Time club met with Mr.. and Mrs
Mcclellan for "valentine' party. Part
OF the evening was spent in writing
original valentines, Mrs. Otto Was
mansdOrff carrying off the prize, which
was handsome hand painted bon bon
dish. The following lines were
awarded the honOrs as being the best
original valentine
A valentine
Alas. for me.
A welded wife
" winters three;
To whom shall write poetry
A husband ever good and true,
A baby boy with eyes of blue;
Where ere the sun above us shines,
God keep you both, my valentines.
After the valentines were written
and read, progressive hearts was play
ed until late hour, the prize for the
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1905-02-16
A Good Law,

An act to provide for the better
uiiliZ ,tion of OklahpmA's precipita-
ton, 10y inducing farmers to plant
tree wiudbreaks, whose decrease OF
wind velocity practically Increases
rainfall, by reducing soil evapora-
ton.
Be it enacted by the Legislative As
sembly of the Territory of Okla
homa: Section /. When any county
has, by vote taken during the regular
county election, as hereby authorized,
determined to grant tax exemption
for the planting and care of tree wind
breaks, that fact an this law shall be
given full legal publication semi-an-
nually.
Section 2. Such exemption shell
operate for ten years and constitute ten
per cent of the county tax on farms OF
100 acres or less where there is plant
ed and successfully mairtainod in an
east aud west plantation, not less than
one-fourth mile Ia length, three acres
Of such trees at such time and distance
aud under such cultivation. replacing
AMI reirimuinu M az individual agent
OF organized board the governor shall
select or designate, may under outline
If tie Naliouai Department of Agri-
culture, iirac,, all rights to such sx-
emptiou being subjact to the assessor
approval.
This Act shall be in full force and
effect upon its passage and approval.
The above bill is certainIy step it
the righC direction. There is no dan
ger of setting to many trees in Okla
houa and the work cannot be encour-
aged too much.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1905-02-16
Department of the Interior.
U, s. Land Office, Woodward. Okla,


January, %, 1895.
Notice is hereby given that the following
named settlers have hleG their intention to
make final proof, aAd that said proof will be
made before the Register and Receiver of the
u. s. Land Office at Woodward, Okla, March
s, 19os.
Thomas w. Edwards. Englewood, Kans II
L No. 26t5 for the VIZ nwA and VIZ swA. Sec.
7,Tp6N, ( 2s ECM.
He names the following witnesses to prove
his continuous residence upon and cultivation
of said land, viz
Lewis b. Perry, Elmo L. Roberts, $. J. Cole
and Henry Edwards, all of Englewood, Kans
Elmo L. Roberts, Englewood, Kans II. K.
No I6g77 for the swA SEA Sec. 10, T. N. X.
as ECM.
He names he following witnesses to prove
his continuous residence upon and culdva-
tion of said land, viz:
Lewis Perry. T, W. Edwards, s. j. Cole
and Henry edwards, all of EngleHood, Kans.
Lewis b. Perry, Englewood, Ksns, Fl. f,
No. 24,O for the sex swA, swH sex Sec. ~
and NJ, 4 nwA and nwA neA Sec. a7, I. N, r,
2S ECM.
He names the following with esses TO prove
h s continuous residence upon and cultivation
of said land, viz;
Elmo Roberts, T. W. Edwards, y. j. Cole
and Henry Edwards, all OF Englewood, KaEs
DICK I. MoRGAN, Register.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1905-02-16
Agricultural Report.

The first published report of the
Territorial Board of Agriculture has
been in the hands of the printer for
some time and will be issued shortly,
The report is necessarily a brief ole
Owing to the fac, thai it has been i'm
possible to collect statistics, because OF
dolects in the law which provides for
the collection OF such Information, no
attempt has been made to present any.
thing ia the way Of statistics. A de
tailed account of the operations of
the Board is presented aud a great deal
Of miscellaneous information concerning
the Territory aud the development Of
| its agricultural resources and indus
I tries is also given. Prof Chas, \
Gould Of .he University Of Okiahoms
has contributed a very able paper on
the "Smls OF Oklahoma" treating the
subject IN popular manner Like
Wis Mr, G. VI Strong, Section Direct,
or OF the Uuited States Weather Blu
roau, has contributed "A most Instructive
paper on the Climate Of Oklahoma 10
It's Relation to Agriculture" A num-
oer Of the most prominent and success
| ,ul farmers, stockmen aud hordcuilur-
lists OF the territory have written arti
cles aud papers for the report. Amont
the suLJsc treated will be dairylng
swine breed.og, sheep, bee keeping
lTuit culture, gardening, truck growing
corn breeding, Kaflir corn, alfalfa, ir-
riga,ion ani many others. Altoge'heI
lhe report will be one well worth pre-
serviuy anl should be in the hands o
'very progressive farmer in Oklahomt
Inasmuch as the edition is limited, il
would be well FOR all parties iutereste,
10 Immediately address request {,
| j. B. fho5lrn, Secretary OF the Boa ri
ii Agriculture, at Guthrie, Tor copy
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1905-02-16
Soma Mora Hot-Air.

After besieging the Herald editor
for about six weeks in an attempt to
saddle off the Journal outfit onto our
hands, A l. Mcpherson comes out in
a long -wiuded article i'm the Woodward
News referring to the Herald as Fred
Tracy's paper" We are not surprised
at the article or, in fact, anything that
old man Mcpherson would do for
booLe-suaked brain is hardly account
able, but we are surprised that he
bounded us to get rid Of his paper on
the Beaver journal when he knew we
didn't own the Herald Why didn't he
10 To Fred fracyl That old gag about
Fred owning the Herald is so old, il
stinEs but Mcphorson's element is rot
ten things so, of course, he could not
refrain from ringing L in
In trying to saddle the Journal of on
the writer and thuI get his clutches on
n few more hundred dollars, McPher-
son was willing to make any kind of Il
deal. lie could guarantee the county
printing because he controlled two of
the commissioners he said-from
the fact that he loaned them little
campaign money, Then he and "Col.
Virgins and old Dick Morgan aSe one"
and he could control the federal pa
tronage lie went TO school with these
geutlemcn-did any1ody ever see any
one of nn,c whom Nc didn's 80 To
school with aud yet he doesn't know
enough 90 keep his hands olt of the
fire. Oh, yes lie was the whole
cheese and If we didn't buy he would
cruelty as between two thieves. Well,
We didn't buy but who was it that got
cruciiCG? The Herald or the thief?
Being unable to entice us into his
snare, lac tries 20 satisfy his feelings by
| his Slurring remarks and hut-..ir PUB
| iishrI in the NcwS.
80 far as Mcpherson and his write
/ Ugs are concerned, neither OF them
Wu.ry " What We would rather seu
is !iJtle cssn To replace the amount
! Jhat he'worse than stole from the de-
/ positurs aud stockholders OF the EanE
OF Beaver City,
TaiG is cheap but il went buy food
and eloJhing FOR the families ol the mcr
who had their money, bee il much OF
] littic, stolen from them, NoudWarI
county people may like to read such
bosh a, thar published in the Wood
Snrd News but the people of Beave,
county want the bank business settled
up aud they will have il sc'tlcd too OF
the deiauirer will pay the penalty.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1905-02-16
NOTICES FOR PUBLICATION
CONTEST NOTICE.

CON lESl NOliOE
Department of the Interior. United States
Land once. Woodward Okla. Ter.
January 20, 1908.
Asut1clent contest affidavit having been
filed IN this Office by f. a. McMurphy, or
IvRuhoe, Okla. Ter, contestant, against
Homestead Entry No 1893 made March, II :,
1868 for tie eH sw&, and 81 nwA, sec. 10,
Up. n, II % ECM., by Chester Pratt, con
testea, in whichVit is alleged that Chester
Pratt has wholly abandoned said tract of
laud Tor a period % more than six months
since making said entry and next prior 10 the
date of this contest; that he has wholly failed
provements and cultivation; that said de-
faults have not been cured.
Tlla. said alleged abscense from said land
was not due to his employment in the Army
Navy, or Marine Corps of the United States
in ANY capacity in time OF war, and this the
said r<ntestant is ready to prove at such time
aud place as may b. named by The Register
and Receiver Tor a hearing in said case.
said parties are are hereby notified TO APP
pear. respond and offer evidence touching said
allegation at 10 O'Clock IA. m, OIL March
a, Ioos. before the Register and Receiver OF
the Unlted states Land Oflce ia Woodward
OF.
The said contestant having in proper afii-
dAyitfll,d Jan, 20. 1905, set forth facts which
show that after due diligence personal service
of this notice can not be nude il is hereby or
dered ard directed that such notice be given
by due aud proper publication.
DICK 7. MORGAN, Register.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1905-02-16
Department of the Inferior.

L. $. Land Office, Woodward, o. I.
Jan, 49, 1905.
Notice is hereby given that the following
named settlers have filed notice ef their in
tcnton to make final proof IN support of
their res pective claims and that said proofs
will be made before the Register and Receiv-
er Of The U. S Land Office at Woodward, Okla
on March, lst lo9j.
Ohio j. Lehman. Madison, Okla, HE No.
1857, for the WI seq and eH swA, Sec, 81
Tp. n, X 26 ECM.
He names the following witnesses to prove
his Continuous residence upon and cultya-
tion OF said land, viz:
Ltlburn A. Goodwin, N. J. Lehman, Sam
Detwiler and Christopher c. Miller, all OF
Madison. Okla.
Nathan j. Lehman, Madison, Okla, HE No
2olIo for the eE seA and 81 heK, Sec. "a, Tp 3
n, X 20 ECM.
He names the following witnesses to prove
his continuous residence upon and culuva-
tion of said land, viz:
b Lilburn A. Goodwin, Otho ]. Lehman Sam
Detwler and Christopher C. Miller all OF
Madison, Okla.
DICK T. MORGAN, Register.
20 3 ia
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1905-02-16

lines.
The proposed route will penetrate Il
vast and promising field, the most part
entirely untouched 10y railroads.
Woodward county, larger than the
state of Delaware, has but one railroad
Beaver county, the stockman's para
disc, larger than Massachusetts,, has
but one aud it only happened to build
across in order to reach a coast con-
nection. The new road, when COM
pletcd, would haul from the western
fields all the coal used rs far east as
WoOdw ward ut least, and on the best
grades could compete rs far east as
Enid 1t would haul the cattle and
other products out of Beaver and
Woodward counties, and cotton seed
products and other feed in. 1t would
make wheat raising profitable on mill
ions of acres of land where none is
raised now. 1t would reach eNclu-
sively more people now without rail-
road facilities than any road built in
Oklahoma in the past five years. In
short, the Enid, Beaver, Guymon &
Western will penetrate by far the most
promising field remaining open. 1t
should carry very large per cent OF
the people travelling between Oklaho-
ma and the Rocky Mountain regions,
since il would be by far the shortest
route.
The new road will open to the whole
sale interests of Enid rich field, hith-
erto untouched, and in which it will be
very difficult for any other point 70
compete Enid Eagle.
The Beaver herald. [volume] (Beaver, O.T. [Okla.]) 1895-1923, 1905-02-16
Why DO Banks Fail9

Every bank failure that has occurred
could have been prevented had the
proper examination been made as con-
templated under the laws no" in forco.
The utter ruin OF several good men
the serious financial crippling OF hun
dreds more, and general lack of con-
fldence in all banks has been the price
OF penurious economy on the part of
the territory in conducting the bank
examiners office.
Every bank should be examined 10y
competent man at least twice u year
aud four times "a year would be better.
HID this been done, neither the Capt.
tai National at Guthrie, the Citizens
Bank at Enid, the Bank of Beaver City,
or any other bank in Oklahoma would
have failed. All failed from causes
which, il known in time, would have
been remedied. Both the Citizens
Bank aud the Capital National failed
because they were run along political
instead of business lines. Had COM
petent man examined them before The
abuses and Irregularities responsible
for their downfall had gone too fur, he
would have called a halt, and no de-
positor would have lost anything. As
for the Bank of Beaver City, we are
Informed that less than ten per cent OF
its capital stock was ever paid in, and
that soon after its Organization the
president "borrowed' $4,000 from il
on his personal note, without security
This condition would have been known
and remedied in tima, had proper ex
aminations been made.
The bank examiner must not be
blamed too strongly for these condi
tions, for there is four times as mucl
work to do as it is possible for him tC
attend to with his present force. The
safety and solidity Of banking institu
tions is absolutely necessary, not oull
10 the general welfare, but for Ii,
ordinary daily transactions of business
Banks are useful in two ways, princi.
pally, TO take care of other people
money, and to loan money on prope
security. The safety of the depositor
interests is the first and al.-importan
point, and those bankers who keep thi
in view seldom or never set into tcou.
bic. 1t is the fellows who are 70,
loose in the mntter of loans, or VIII
engage in wildcat speculation, thar
cause the trouble. Comparatively feN
banks are wrecSei by stra ght robber
such as the officials absconling with th
depositor's money In almost ever!
instance wherein banker has depart
ed with satchel full OF money i
proved to he only the last act OF wreck
ing the Institution that the record 10
months back was bad, ali shat care
ful examination at the proper tim
would have disclosed the true state O
affairs and prevented serious loss.
Probably no banker in this couu,r
ever intended Al the outset 10 wrec
his bank. Il almost invariably take
months OF bad management or mis-
placing o. fsnds TO do the work, AM
duriag these months is the time to dc
tcct the real conditions, and stop th
drift toward failure. This can b
done by az III e.i.e systen u cNam-