New-York tribune., 1905-08-17

the average for the country in all States porth
Of the Potomac and the Ohio and east of the
Mississippi except Wisconsin. and in oregon
California Nevada and Colorado. The large
proportion OF white children in the South il
noteworthy.
NEGROES PROLIFIC.
The negro population. unlike the white does
not show a steady decrease i'm the proportion OF
children under ten. In 1880 the proportion OF
children In the total negro population was
greater than in either 1870. 1860 or 1850. Al
lowing for omissions in 1870, 1t still seems
probable that upon emancipation there was an
increase in the proportion of young children
In the last twenty years. however. the decline
in the proportion OF negro children has been es-
pecislly rapid. The proportion of children among
negroes greater than that among whites at
every census except that of 1870
The proportion OF negro children TO negro
women fifteen 10 forty-nine years OF age was
largest in 1880 and smallest in 1900 There has
been uniformly a larger proportion OF negro
children than OF white children That differ
ence more than doubled between 1860 and 1880.
but in 1900 it was less than half what it was in
1880 and less than AT any other census ex-
cept 1860
Though the negroes have larger proportion
Of children than the whites. il has been noticed
that the whites OF the South have larger pro-
portion than the whites in other sections or the
country. II therefore is interesting 10 compare
the two races in those states To which the
negroes are mostly confined. The report says:
At the two censuses preceding the Civil War.
the proportion of children for the two races at
the South was substantially the same. The I'M
mediate effect OF the civil War and reconstruc-
ton, if the figures of 1870 may be trusted 10
that extent. was TO reduce the proportion OF
children among Southern whites by about one
eighth, and among negroes by about one-twenty-
fifth. The following decade saw an increase in
the proportion for each race. but the decrease
among the negroes, 1860 to 1870 has been less,
so was the increase, 1870 TO 1880, greater. But
between 1880 and 1900 there was decrease OF
l60 in the number of negro children in the South
TO 1000 negro women. and decrease of only 40
white children TO 1.etO white women. AS n re-
suit, in 1900 there were for the first time more
white children than negro children in the South
10 1000 women.
COUNTRY AGAINST CITY.
In 1900. for the United States as a whole the
proportion of children was only two-thlrds as
great in cities in the country districts. In
the North Atlantic division. however, II was al
most great in the cities as In the country. In
the Southern divisions IL is hardly more than
half as large in the cities as in the country
while in the Far West the difference is inter-
mediate in amount This is probably due IN
large measure TO the fact that the immigrant
population who have been swarming into the
northern cities OF recent years especially into
the cities OF the North Atlantic States, have
rapidity. while the corresponding laboring class
which has immigrated TO Southern cities from
the surrounding country districts has not been
thus increasing.
To test this hypothesis. figures were computed
for the Two main races which showed that al
though outside the large cities the proportion
OF children among the non-Csucasians-or ne
groes Indians and Mongolians-was about one
sixth larger than among the whites, I'm large
cities the proportion among the whites
more than one-half larger than among the nom
Caucasians. This is regarded the more surpris-
ing because in the industrial classes of the pop
ulation 10 which the negroes mainly belong. the
birth rate is usually high. During the last
decade the decrease I'm the proportion Of chill
dren in cities much greater among the nom
Caucssians than among the whites
FOREIGN BORN MOTHERS.
The report also says:
A comparison Is made between the proportion
of children born of native mothers 10 loo
native women OF childbearing age and the pro-
to 1000 foreign born women of childbearing
age. In 1900 the former proportion was 462
the latter no. the difference indicating the
greater fecundity Of foreign born women. The
I'm fecundity OF white women between 1890 and
1900 was the result OF decrease for native
white women partly Offset by an increase for
foreign born white women.
In the Atlantic divisions, however, there was
slight increase in the proportion Of children born
10 native white mothers. and In the south CEN
tral division there was but a slight decrease.
The decrease for the whole country, therefore,
in the north central and western divisions. The
decrease in the proportion OF children born 90
rative white women confined chiefly TO
cities
DR.. CLARK RELEASED ON BAIL.