davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1905-04-15
Labor on the Panama Canal.

What has labor unionism TO gain by
an attitude which, II officially Endorsed,
viii tend either TO delay work on the
Isthmian Canal or to increase its cost
TO the country One Of these results
must follow the application Of the eight
hour law to the construction Of the canal
It seems TO us that the sooner the canal
Is dug and the cheaper the cost Of digging
II, the better it will be for the American
wage Garner.
Certainly, the work will not be done
by American labor unionists. The Anal
gamated Organization Of American Dig
gers and Trenohers and the United
Order Of Wheelbarrow Rollers will have
no recognized place in the Government
work at Panama. II is very doubtful
IL they have any large individual repre-
sentation there. The job will have no
effect on wage rates on the New York
State canal, or on the wages paid for
North River tunnel work. There will
be only a limited amount Of straight
American muscular force doing manual
labor between Colon and Panama.
The object should be to dig the canal
as quickly and as cheaply as is reason
ably possible. American labor union
ism need not concern itself with the
labor affairs Of the natives, the Jamai-
cans, the Chinese or the Japanese who
may do the work. The commission
should determine the terms and condi-
lions Of the workmen. in the best interest
Of the many rather than in the special
interest Of q minority. Unionists who
do not like the arrangements made on
the Isthmus can make arrangements
elsewhere TO suit themselves.
Nor do We see why those who have
no intention Of seeking work on the
Panama Canal should endeavor to block
the enterprise by appeals TO the con-
tract labor law. That is playing the
dog in the manger at too long a range.
II responsible unionism will contract
to dig the canal more quickly and more
cheaply than it can be done in any other
way, the work might be placed in its
hands. Otherwise it should be left abb
solutely ia the hands Of those who are
responsible for it. They are unlikely to
grind the face Of labor unduly in the
matter Of hours and wages.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1905-04-15
The Several Original JenersOnians.

Inc SeNeEol OIlkluei OOueEbVuAohbs
Millions burn and yearn to know THAT
Jehersonian principles are. Jefferson
Day or Night ought TO be the time TO
find out.
The Jeifersonianism Of the Hon. FRAN
CTS @. NEwLANDs Of Nevada IL the belief
that the Government should own or con-
troll all public utilities. Judged by
Democratic principles, Mr.. ROOSEVELT
is a Democrat in most matters relating
to domestic legislation.
The Hon. ALTON BROOKS PARKKB's
Jeffersonianism reafiTns -the time-hon-
ored doctrines Of the Democratic party
rejects the theory that the proper way
for Government TO do things Is by med
ding and interference asserts that we
must carry into Federal politics only that
reserve Of power properly incident to
our institutions and system Of govern
ment:' and views Mr.. ROOSEVELT with
alarm on account Of his want Of reserve
power and his improper incidence:
1T expected BY the Administration and the
railroad ofneIals who openly consent 70 the move-
nsut As well - by those who are oStsnSlbiy Op-
posed 10 H. that the people In their Just lndgnAtoa
AZ the wrongs done 70 the many for the benefit o.
the few VIII lose sight ofthe danger Of vast
trAnIsuon Of power until n b tOOls 70 check IT,
The jefferson Day force at Chicago
longs for vaster Capitalization OF power.
There JEFFERSON is marching on; JEFF
iersonian principles do not lie moulder-
ing In the grave, but are alive, revised,
up TO date. Mayor DUMB, fresh from
a great municipal JsfersoniAn triumph,
speaks the official JeHersonian word:
.JETTEHsoN In hh nfstins seed for equal
riFhts 70 al and special privileges 70 none, and Il
JEYFEasoH were In TIE aeSh 70 -dSy he would BE-
staadinE against special privileges givsn 70 greti
corporations. BY possession Of these monoPollos
they have been dsspollins and plundsring the pso-
pie Of this country.
the people have 81 last Swakened 70 the fact
that such monsponss are unfair, iuiquitous and
dangerous 10 Ne Rspubhs. TAs bi0W struck In
chirtgo win b. followed b. blOSa Of iiks character
throughout the Unitsd States. Il Win also b fol-
loved. IN NJ humbis judgmsnt, hths Democratic
parry b viss snd prutsut - nooEpouaia IN Ne
nsEi pisssOrn ringing tso'afaiioa n iavoT q
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1905-04-15

On Tuesday a monument was unveiled
in Appomattox to commemorate the last
charge made and the last volley fired by
Co1's brigade OF North Carolina Confed-
crates In LEES army. At the same time,
some minor monuments and tablets mark
ing the stand the North Carolinians made
in the closing days Of GRANTS campaign
were dedicated, and many Union and Con-
federate veterans participated. Among
the former was the owner Of the battle
ground, who gave 10 North Carolina the
site on which the monuments are erected.
Such a gathering Of former combatants
Is not unusual in this country, but its Oc-
ourrence at q place Of surrender rather
than Of warfare is unusual.
Only a few days previous, at a meeting
Of the Camps Of the Confederate Veterans
in Baltimore, the authors Of Maryland, Ny
Maryland and Of -Stonowan jackson &
Way were elected as honorary members.
This was done as a proper recognition Of
the men who contributed 10 the glory OF
the Confederate cause and inspired the
zeal and enthusiasm OF their armies by
their songs. The strains Of Maryland,
Ny Maryland and Of 'Stonewall Jackson's
Way we're known to every Southern SOL
der. The historian Of the Camp declared
that the author Of each Is still living.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1905-04-15
No Use in Biackguarding Castro.

The mere fact that Venezuela is a
little country and the United States a
big one should suggest TO American
citizens who have been interested In
our relations with that country the de-
STABILITY Of careful avoidance Of any
talk which suggests the bully.
The honor Of the United States is in
no way upheld by American journals
which call President CASTRO monkey
or charge him with being reckless and
defiant because he objects to a dis
courteous interference with his domestic
affairs, even though American interests
be concerned in those Affairs. Thus
far, so far as American interests are
concerned, Mr. CASTRO has acted en-
tirely within his rights. The Bermudez
Asphalt case is proceeding in the courts
Of the country with entirely reasonable
despatch. There is no warrant whatever
for premature declarations OF denial Of
justice. The experience Of the asphalt
company in this country gives at least
ground for reasonable doubt Of the
oleanness Of It's hands in its relations
with Venezuela, and the United States
Government has no more legal or moral
right to demand that the case be taken
out Of the courts Of a South American
COUNTRY with which we are at peace, and
wnicn is universally recognized In the
family Of nations as a sovereign Power.
than il would have to insist that a case
be taken from the courts OF France or
Germany.
The Orinoco Steamship Company case
has already been arbitrated, with the
consent and cooperation Of the American
Government. How can the United
States, with dignity and honor, make
itself a party 20 a crawl from the find
ings Of the arbitration commission Of
1908, simply because the plaintiff in the
case is not satisf I'd with the verdict
The United States can obtain for lie
aggrieved citizens all the rights and re-
dress 10 which they are properly en-
titled, without adopting clustering and
oveTbeAring methods. Safeguarding
cIPRIANo CASTRO and his oticial methods
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1905-04-15

To rHE EDITOR OF TIE SUN-siF Most OF Staten
Island is surprised that tho name OF old DR.. Fowler
has not been mentioned By THE SUNS correspon-
dents on the subject Of the ten words most din
cult 70 spell. ogden Fowler has long been reoog
niEed our most expert photographer, I, was he
who revived interest In the Aneispt Sport Of The
spelling bee and his proves IN standing up Longer
than any OF his rivals is the burden OF many exciting
tales that stu 70 Do heard In the more remote
sections OF his Hand home. Nov. crowned with the
iGurels Of victory and surrounded By the loving
cups won In the trays Of his youth, he ls the su-
thorty 10 whom all his neEhborS oonhdently tum
In any moment Of doubt
He always had one test OF any mans ability 70
spell and anybody who could write n correctly a. the
hrtt effort gained hs hearty praise-Whloh 10 some
thing that staten Island considers worth struggling
for. Thlsis his ntenoe "ltIi diSAgresAbls W per.
eeive the embarrassment Of q hATasssd podlsr
ESuging the symmetry Of peeled potato orr
fuohaa- 81
CLIFTON, ApTil Il
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1905-04-15

We regret that our esteemed contem-
porary. the ZdnSibdr Gazette, Ia just now
under q cloud. It's editor had won renown
throughout the island by foretelhug the
occurrence Of certain eclipses Of the sun
and moon. The majority OF the dusky
Inhabitants attributed the truth he fore
told TO his own powers Of provision and
esteemed him as a most Hstute and far
seeing person. Whenever the Gazette an
nounced an eclipse il was due notice to
200 900 people in the little sultanate 20 get
ready for free astronomical show.
Some time ago the GdSetts predicted, at
the head Of its columns, that a partial
eclipse Of the sun would occur on March 8,
and that all who wished to zee IL must get
up betimes, for the affair would open at the
unseeunly hour Of A. NJ. This was inoon-
venient in q land that never hurries and
where the strenuous life is unknown; bit
S A. NJ. saw many thousands waiting for
the great event. Each had his piece Of
smoked glass, for this accessory Of an
eclipse Of the sun IL nowhere more useful
than in the neighborhood Of the equator.
The eclipse came Of all right, but not at
Zanzibar. The sky gazers saw only the
undiumed sun shining hotly. The shadow
cast by the moon did not happen to fan on
that part u the earth's surface. In con-
sulting his almanac. the unhappy editor
had failed to observe that the eclipse would
be visible only on the southeast coast Of
Africa, In the southern half Of Madagascar
and In the south part Of the Indian Ocean.
The Journalistic explanation IL regarded
a. lame. II IA he and not the sun that has
been collapsed 10 the region Of Zanzibar
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1905-04-15
The Political Outlook ia Great
Britain,

The latest proof OF the extent to which
the Unionist party has been ruptured
by Mr.. JOSEPH CHAMBERLAIN's project
of a differential tariff was furnished on
Tuesday in the House Of Lords, when a
proposal to hold a colonial fiscal confer
ence in 1905 was the subject discussed.
II will be recalled that Premier BAL
POUR, when outlining the future fiscal
policy OF his Government, declared that
should the Unionist party remain in
power or obtain the approval OF the con-
stituencies at the next general election,
a colonial conference would be called in
1905 in which India, as we'll as the self
governing colonies, would be repre-
scented. On Tuesday Lord BALToUR Of
Burleigh, a conspicuous Conservative,
accused the Government Of a lack Of
candor in failing to explain the condi-
tions under which the conference would
be summoned and how far the decision
would be held binding on the United
Kingdom. He insisted that the Govern
ment, before even beginning TO nego-
tiate with the colonies, should define its
fiscal aims and purposes, should an
nounce definite programme and should
get Il sanctioned by the country. The
reasonableness OF the demand was vir-
tually admitted by the Duke Of MARL-
BOROUGH, who as Under Secretary for
the Colonies replied for the Govern
ment. He acknowledged that no de-
oision Of a colonial conference could be
held binding until II should have been
approved by the people Of the United
Kingdom at a general election and by
the Parliaments Of the self-governing
colonies represented.
Lord LASsDowEE, the Secretary for
Foreign Affairs, was even more explicit.
He not only recognized that there were
certain limitations beyond which a con-
ference could not go, but went on to
say that the delegates would be expressly
informed that they were not authorized
10 discuss any proposal involving pro-
lection. LORD LASsDowNB went 30 far
as to acknowledge that the United King
dom would not be likely 20 listen 10 any
proposal calculated 10 increase the price
Of food or raw materials. Without a tar
on foreign grain, however, It would OF
course be impossible 70 grant colonial
foodstufis the preference that Mr.. CRAM
BERLAIN advocates. No other deduc-
ton then can be drawn from Lord LAYs-
DowTB's remarks than that the prefer
entail tariff project is now regarded az
d Ad by the Unionists themselves Il has
been killed in the house Of It's friends.
That evidently is the view which Lord
GoscHEN, the we'll known Unionist, takes
Of the matter, for, following Lord
LAHsDOwNE, be described the fiscal
question as no longer urgent and ex-
pressed the belief that the country would
for years 70 come be relieved from the
nscessity Of discussing IL,
II win be remembered that the other
day in the House Of Commons Mr.. BAL
PoUB and the other Ministerialists de-
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1905-04-15
"rRE MaSrER KNOr.r
the Wnl a. Wan ana the Innnte win
Man not q Within q Necessity,


To TAR EDITOR % tbs sux Sir: have
been Interested by the letters Ia Tbs Sun
on The Master Knot, and especially IN that
Of ?. \ Mccarthy OF New York Unlike his
predecessors he has not been content With
stating the case Of free will versus necoa-
dty, but has chosen to champion the cause
OF the neoessitaTianH. q school Of philosophy
apparently not a. influential to-day as II was
In tho heyday Of Tyndall and Herbert Spen-
Ger.
The question Is old and the philosophers OF
every age have discussed Ito what pur-
pOssl II has never been, can never be settled,
because that would involve a definite knowl-
edge upon the part Of fnite man OF the per
son. mind and attributes Of the INFINITE Cod
II this IL true. what folly TO accept the e1-
IRENE Of either theory and 70 dogmatlze
thereon.
Mr.. Mccarthy says: God must have
outlined my existence on earth. must
might dSsire 70 do In his opinion man is
AZ altomhton z mere puppet exalted OF
the viii Of the eternal that will as inscrutabls
What. pray, e il then which makes possible
self which We all experience TO greater OF
less deresi II man does OF thinks cyl
a stEuEgie Of Inc VIII oYten H SgtS YsTyinS
results. Of complete or partial success OF
falure3 What Is this but the WORKING OF
the power OF choice mans peculiar posses
sion and his chefest glory?
The philosophy OF necessity 10 not cheer
ing. 70 say the least; for. carried 70 IT, logi-
cal conclusion, IL has an undoubted tendency
TO paralyEe all effort, TO stlfe the aspiration
70 be or 70 achieve that which Is worthy and
noble; In fact the very word ACHE vement
IL mlanomer unless we presuppose the power
OF viii. We cannot, II IL true, appreciate the
exact point where the anite ends and the ip.
Unite begins. where human volition 10 merged
In or neutTAlized by divine power. but this
We DO know that man has land uses powers
Of thought and action which make ridiculous
the denial OF bis possession Of a partial free
moral agency. @. W. l.
BUFFALO, April IL
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1905-04-15
The Greatest .iroad Problem.


The really great railroad problem in
this country, as pointed out by the organ
of Southern enterprises, the MdnUfde-
tureTs' Record Of Baltimore, Is the neg
lect or the inability Of the railroads to
keep pace with the growing demands
Of traffic.
The volume of this traffic, as measured
by the total Of tons moved per mile,
increased, in round figures, from about
6s 900, 900 900 tons in 1890 to % ,OO0, O0o, 900
in 1897, and to more than 40, 900 ,000,-
900 in 1904. The mere increase from 1897
70 1904 was more than 90O0, 900 900 tons
greater than the altonnage Of 1890, At
the same rate Of increase the tonnage in
the next seven years will be more than
300 OOO, 900 900 tons, as against l7O,0oO,-
OOO, 1000 tons in 1904:
That means almost a complete doubling OF the
eptlre transportation business Of the United States
IN seven years, and that means q broSdness Of de-
velopment In the improvement Of existing lines
and the building OF new roads, In the rSequipmsnt
with more cans and locomotives, that most people
do not seem 70 have yet gained any conception o.
Arc We likely 10 reach such . development within
seven yearsf-
Since 1890 the increase in the volume Of
railway freight moved has been about
1853 per cent. Coincidentally, however,
the increase in the number Of locomo-
tives and Of cars has been o-'v about
40 per cent. 1t is true that thu cars and
locomotives Of to-day are Of heavier
construction and carrying capacity than
in 1890, but that difference, as the Balti-
more paper points out, Is insufficient to
overcome the increase Of l5S per cent.
in the volume of traffic. That this Is so
is indicated by the fact that even now
the railroads are blocked with freight.
With the rapid growth OF population and
Of traffic, in all human probability this
condition must steadily become more
acute and the car famines and freight
congestion because Of the inability Of the
railroads to keep up with the freight OF
three years ago will be repeated.
The lesson our Baltimore contemporary
draws from these facts is that the natural
development Of the business and pro-
duction Of this country will be lmpeded
seriously unless the railroads prepare
to catch up with the volume Of traffic
Offering:
The broad railroad man must look ahead. He
cannot plan simply 70 handle the trSho Of 10 day;
he must plan for the frame OF the yesrS Just ahead.
snd u may be seriously questioned whether any
rtrroad In this county has even outlined plans
sufnoient to meet growth Of It's trace, Il all he
plans were carried out, even for the nsIt 1--WE yeAu
much less the next ten
Here is the greatest railroad problem.
II is not Government regulation Of rates
but the provision by the railroads Of
sufficient facilities for handling the
rapidly increasing volume Of traffic
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1905-04-15
The Aldermen and the Franchises.


The Elsberg bills amending the Greater
New York Charter and the Rapid Transit
act in such a manner as to take from
the Board Of Aldermen the power Of
granting franchises or consents for the
construction and operation Of street
railroads in this city, and transferring
such power to the Board Of Estimate and
Apportionment, and making the Board
Of Estimate the local authority whose
consent is required under the Constitu-
ton for the construction and operation
Of street railways, have now been passed
by the Legislature, and viii therefore
come before the Mayor Of this city for
approval or veto.
This transfer Of power violates no
principle OF the "unterrihed Democracy
II merely gives TO a better elective body
the power now held by men proved 70 be
unfit. It is manifest, from the large
majority recorded in favor Of these bills
in the Legislature, that even II the Mayor
should veto them they will nevertheless
become law.
In our opinion no appeal made in
behalf Of the Board Of Aldermen should
have weight. These amendments have
received general support and approval
irrespective Of party, and they have re-
oeived such support because they are
meritorious and have been made neoes-
sary by the emergency Of the situation
and the eKigency Of the hour.
70 anv furfhar nrg1,unanf had haan
required 70 show the necessity Of this
new legislation, it was furnished by the
extraordinary and brazen action Of the
Board Of Aldermen even while the Elsberg
bills were before the Legislature. In de-
fanoe Of public opinion, and in contempt
Of the interests on the general public, the
Aldermen have continued 20 hold up the
grant OF consents, and thus to check
public improvements.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1905-04-15
WINS $4,000 IN ASPHALT SUIT,
Verdict for Juan p. Julia I'm Action OVeT
VeneZuela COnoesaonA

Juan P. Julia got verdict Of $500 o.
Thursday in his suit against Georgs ".
Crichfeld, tried before Judge Laoombe q
the United States Circuit Court and jury.
The action was for damages for breach Of
q contract made In MEXICO City on March
10, 1900, by which Crichfeld agreed TO give
Julia IS 900 in cash and 10000 In stock
Of a corporation to be formed II Julia would
use his best endeavors' to secure asphalt
deposits in VensEuela.
From the evidence before Judge Ia
oombe, It appeared that Julia was well
acquainted with Venezuelan officials and
was able to secure % acres Of asphalt lake.
Julia went 70 Venezuela, worked for nine
months and brought Crichheld and many
mine owners together, With the result that
Crichheld secured all the asphalt he wanted
A company was formed, ths United States
and Venezuela Company, 70 work the mine
LnciRrte.
After 5000 tons Rad been taken out and
sold, Julia got his S. 900 In cAsh, but no
stock, the ground Of refusal being that
he had not secured the mine contracted
for. Julia said that his contract called for
asphalt, and not any particular mine.
Criehheld admitted that thsTe was az
least 10000 tons Of asphalt in the conces-
sion and that be had been acting for the
Uvalds Asphalt Company.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1905-04-15

From as C7Ootisr aHd FurEtthsr
Tbsre 10 no telling but what a. some hot Tar DIS .
tant day The modern Beau Brummsla viii be tapping
he Fod tnu boEes, dipping the hnEer tips into THE
best Of rAppse and eHiending the fragrant powder
Tor TIE use Of Their friends With that lneEahis graee
and deliberation Characteristic Of the Cenu men
Of the old school. There are nov 70 b seen a. a
famous metropolitan store some marvellous me
shAnieA devices IL tpun boXes. Aside from hlth
priced novelties, all varieties Of snuh oontalneu
are bslng aGked for a. the thops-ostenslby for
plaolnf 10 ths eAbinst a. homt, but the pinch Of
snun therufTom may become ~ essential 70 the
osndy Of the twentieth century A. The gold tipped
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1905-04-15

To THH EprroR or The SUN-sr' am con
slant reader OF your very valued paper and follow
with Interest the controversies always going on
therein. but never liked TO come forward With
any remArks from my own side, but !, 70 my sorrow
read the undue remarks OF your correspondent
y. s. r. IN TIE Sun OF April H. ] may say that
an EnFlshmAn alone can BE- capable Of chuekllng
over such calamity As the recent sArthquake 10
India. which through the loss Of life has spread
gloom and sorrow throughout the land.
or, although ~ 10 bad form In the extreme on
TIRE part Of your correspondent and u sounds IKE
the music Of Nero a. the burning Of Rome" YET u
nevertheless expresses Though 10 Jest on he paID
the true sentiments OF the Onentals. who always
attribute such dire veissltudes - plague, famine
and earthquake 70 the INSTRUMENTATION Of the
ruleu Of the country. NUaERvAN PANsHAEI.
NV YoEI. Apul H.