The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1905-01-14
THE QUESTION OF RACES.
English. Irish. scotch and Welsh Only SUBJ
varieties OF the same Race.

To rHH EDITOR or THR SUN--sSir' In dtseussln z
your suggestion that England freely grant Irish
independence. most OF your correspondents take
for granted something which Is far from being a
fact that Is, that the AngloSaxon and the Irish
ccli represent two entirely distinct racial types
II is unfortunate that tho earlier writers on eth
nology should have adopted such terms as Aryan.
Teufonic Latin. Celtic, &c, to designate race AZ
entities. These words have al application 10 tho
science OF languages, but they are misleading In
the highest degree as popularity used TO designate
races.
The classification and nomen clAture OF European
races have not yet been agreed upon In fact. It Is
only few years since the collection OF the Truly
valuable data was hrst begun. However. much
has been accomplished, and e. result few primary
conclusions can be stated.
IT must be understood that there Is, ana can be,
bu, ono sure method OF determining race. and shat
is through an examination OF the man himself In
bone structure and In the cesh. Tradition, Ian =
gusEc and even customs lend but little help, ard
must DO entirely discarded when the structural
evidence is az variance herewith.
Remains OF an earlier civilization called Celtic
arc found all over western Europe. Celtic Ian
guarcs are yet spoken In Scotland. Ireland. Wales
and in certain districts on the Continent. In par
tloulAr northwestern France, Whatever may have
been the deductions formerly made as to race nom
these and other coEnate facts. II Is now known thai
tho SC called Celt OF Great Britain and Ireland has
no racial knship whatever With the Colt OF CONT
mental Europe The two represent almost. II not
quite. tho extremes OF European racial types. Tho
relationship OF the Irish or Scotch Celt Is closer
with the Scandinavian. the spsniard. and. strange
as Il may sound even with the EsqunAu. than
with the French Cr!t.
On the other haad Irish, Welsh. Scotch and Eng
iish cannot he differentiated except as sub varieties
Of the same race. There are some differences, Of
oourse. as for example. In Ireland We md greater,
and In northern Scotland less. percentage OF nj
grescenee than is common In England These DIFF
icrcnoes are trivial as compared with tho greater
differences which exist az between races sometimes
popularity classified as one. as, for example, tho
italian race or tho German race.
There Ia no locality ia western Europe where a
pure rhco ls found. All more or less mixed
However. there are three iocalities In western
Europe where In large areas q comparatively pure
tyne Is found. These arc tho Scandinavian PENN
sulA. tho IoenAn peninsula and tho Islands OF
Great britain and Ireland. In each OF these three
we have a type comparatively pure and having no
close klnship with any type found elsewhere II Is
70 this fact. in particular that ! w1sh 70 call
attention. In Great Britain and Ireland have
not only the same type, but type distinct from
any other. Tho EnglishtnAn, the AZ. called Anglo
Saxon. IS not ooaely related 70 any OF the German
races. and he Is very far removed from of them.
although he speAiSs a Teutonio language. The
Angio-Shxon conquest OF England, although II
changed lie language and had great social aud his
torioaI consequences. was accom- plshed By q few
thousand men and raciAly produced tnninE re-
suits So also. with the Danish and tho Norman
conquest We must compare these so-oAlcd mi
Eratlons with the English conquest OF India and no,
with the European conquest OF America
There q no doubt that England has within thu
last nfty years received innux OF population
OF unrelated racial types In greater number and
having q greater possibility Of changing its own
type thAn In all It's past history. from the beginning
Of the Christian era
whst has all this TO do With Irish indepeudanosi
Perhaps nothing But 10 me II orer food for
thought as to why the English and the Irsh. ident
cal In rhce TO degree not found In France, Ger
many, Italy. Austria. Hungary, Russia, Switzer-
land OF the United States, should either OF them
wish 10 separate into two what 10 geographically
and rtciAly one. W. G WyLIA.
WARRINGTON, Jan. -.