davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Williston graphic. (Williston, Williams County, N.D.) 1895-1919, 1905-03-09
LIVE STOCK NOTES.

City customers do not want half-bro-
ken horses.
Breed trotting stock for sped, spirit
and stamina.
"a good COW il good COW, no matter
what her breed may be.
Clean pens for pigs and clean bedding
will do much to ward Of lice and dis
ease.
For strength in any kind of horse,
take.one with straight.backs and short
coupled.
Life is too short to pump water for
stock. Let windmill, gasoline engine or
crane work for you.
It is believed that COW will give more
milk for mixer she likes than for one
she does not like.
Williston graphic. (Williston, Williams County, N.D.) 1895-1919, 1905-03-09
A FEED RACK FOR SHEEP.

A FEED RACK FOR SHEEP.
"a the wool Injuries the sale of it very
materially, not merely because the wool
buyer does not care to pay wool price
:OA dirt, but because it Increases the la
Dor and expense Of preparing the wool
FOR manufacture, and also Injuries the
0bdr itself to a greater or less extent.
SOme kinds, as the chaff of Timothy,
are very difficult to remove. Where any
hand picking is necessary to remove the
adhering foreign matter. as is sometimes
necessarily sell very low. A little care
IN such matters may mean better opin-
ION OF the wool buyer on the part OF the
grower and of the grower on the part of
the buyer, and several dollars more in
the pocket Of the grower when they get
through with their transaction.
The, accompanying illustration repre-
sents an end view of very good and in
expensive form Of rack for feeding the
roughness. If desired a bottom may be
put in so as to feed the grain In these
racks also. but, as rule, we prefer the
plan of feeding the grain in troughs
made separate from and Independent of
the rack for roughness. This rack is
made about, threefeeti in height, twofeet
and six inches wide and any length de-
sired. The uprights areAnade from two
by eight lumber. One slant cut making
the sioping edge for two pieces, there is
40 waste in the cutting. The bottom Of
the rack is composed Of 12-inch or two
six-inch boards nailed on tho outside Of
these uprights. Is indicated in the cut.
The upper part for receiving the hay Is
made by mailing boards on the sloping
edge Of the uprights. These boards
should be either shiplap or have their
edges beveled and fit together so as to
prevent any dirt rafting through on top
of the heads and necks of the sheep -
they eat.
If it is desired to put bottom in the
rack for the feeding Of grain, probably
the best plan is to make each side of this
bottom into a movable trough that can
be turned over to dump out the dirt and
litter, as it is not convenient to clean
troughs so situated In any other man.
ner In making a bottom OF this kind,
the stationary portion in the center
should be placed above the troughs, so
that any refuse will pass into the latter,
where 1t may be dumped out. The
tfoughs may be hung at the ends by
means OF a. bolt passed through the end
piece and the upright of the rack, and be
held in place while In use by means Of
books or by pins to one side Of the bolts
Williston graphic. (Williston, Williams County, N.D.) 1895-1919, 1905-03-09
Tie Wings with Strings,

The most unique method We have
heard of for keeping chickens in the
yards is to tie their wings together with
soft strongs. A woman, whose chickens
would fly out anywhere, tried this meth
cd and she reports it to be quite success
full. She had cropped their wings, clipped
off tie feathers from the quilts of the
flight feathers and still they went over
the fences. Now she says she has rem
edy that counts for something.-Inlsnd
Poultry Journal.
Williston graphic. (Williston, Williams County, N.D.) 1895-1919, 1905-03-09
How to Dose Il Hog.

Loop a rope one-half inch or FIVE.
Fights inch on the upper jaw; tie the
other end Of the rope to the post or
beam up six or eight feet; then you
have your own way. Put the medicine
in long-necked bottle and pour it il
the hogs mouth. He will do the rest
The same method can be used to ring
hogs, as it enables one man to do two
mems work, and do it easily.-Midland
Farmer
Williston graphic. (Williston, Williams County, N.D.) 1895-1919, 1905-03-09
Straw for Horses.

Some straw can always be fed to
horses, the amount depending upon the
work and the purpose for which the
animal is used. In relative value the
straw ranks in the following order:
Dat, barley, wheat, rye-the last-nams0
being Of slightest utility.
Williston graphic. (Williston, Williams County, N.D.) 1895-1919, 1905-03-09
AN IMPROVED MANGER.
How Its Use Will Prevent the Waste
Of Much Fodder-How It
Is Made.

A great many horses acquire tho
wasteful habit Of throwing out hay or
other fodder on the stable floor This is
and other choice portions which settle
or accumulate in the bottom Of the man
ger. The habit Is bad one and large
Williston graphic. (Williston, Williams County, N.D.) 1895-1919, 1905-03-09
Beet Pulp.

Beet pulp Ia valuable feed, but
must not be depended upon as a sole
diet for either milk or meat production.
When fed in connection with dry feed,
1t, keeps the digestion in a healthy con-
dltion and adds materially to the ac-
tual food substance. twenty-five or 30
pounds day is sufficient for dairy
COW.
Williston graphic. (Williston, Williams County, N.D.) 1895-1919, 1905-03-09
Crying Need.

% stop an automobile that is eoine too
fast-if anything goes fast in Holland
the machine 10 away across tho border
before he has finished the sentence, for the
name Of the automobile in Dutch 10 snell-
paarelo o szoondeerspoorwegpitroolrijtune.
There ought to be q cry among the auto
bubble owners of: stop the languase!'-
Brooklyn EAGLE.
Williston graphic. (Williston, Williams County, N.D.) 1895-1919, 1905-03-09

Solomon declared that there was moth.
ing new under the sun, but Nahum, tho
Elkoshite. evidently foresaw the auto
mobile when he wrote: "Chariots shall
rage in the streets; they shall jostle ono
against another in the broad ways; they
shall seem like torches; they shall run
like the liehtnings. Boston Globe.
Williston graphic. (Williston, Williams County, N.D.) 1895-1919, 1905-03-09

When . footpad approaches you seize
him by the center OF the arm and press
your thumb violently against nerve in
the inner elbow, joint. The .footpad will
jiu jitsu.-St. Louis Globe Democrat.
Williston graphic. (Williston, Williams County, N.D.) 1895-1919, 1905-03-09
THE MANGER IN PLACE.

THE MANGER IN PLACE
part OF the coarse fodder is made unfit
for use by being tramped under foot.
Much of it gets out of reach and is en-
tirely lost, especially II the animals are
tied short. as they usually are. when
placed in a stall.
This waste can be prevented by use
of the simple arrangement shown in the
accompanying illustration. says the Or
ange Judd Farmer. The two strips, a,
are made from 1x3 hardwood, and are
hinged to the back OF the manger: These
two strips are connected at tho outer
end by q strip Of hardwood, b. This ar-
rangement is raised when the hay is be-
ing put In the manger. Is then lowered
and fastened down by means of q tongue
or hook and remains there until the next
feeding time. With 1t there IL no danger
of any hay being wasted.
Williston graphic. (Williston, Williams County, N.D.) 1895-1919, 1905-03-09
Grinding Grain for Sheep.

These animals are better fitted to
grind their own grain than any other,
consequently it is not necessary to do
this work unless the sheep have poor
teeth. Valuable breeding ewes are
sometimes kept antil quite old and
their feed Should be ground.--Orange
Judd Farmer.
Williston graphic. (Williston, Williams County, N.D.) 1895-1919, 1905-03-09

Criticism hurts some people 20 much
that the only thing that sustains them 10
the absolute knowledge that they are Al.
ways right.-Puck.
Williston graphic. (Williston, Williams County, N.D.) 1895-1919, 1905-03-09

TO Cure q Cold in One Day
Take Laxative Bromo Quinine Tablets. All
druggists refund the money II 1t fails to euro.
e. w. Groves signature ID on each box. Csc.
Williston graphic. (Williston, Williams County, N.D.) 1895-1919, 1905-03-09

WAS CURED RAPIDLY
RHEUMATISM IN TWO SEVERE GASES
MASTERED IN FEW WEEKS.
The Remedy Used by Mr.. schroeppel and
By Captain Balfour In Great Demand in
Vicinity Of Their Homes.
In tho winter Of 1oo2-8 Mr.. Schroeppe1
was confined to his bed by severe at
tack of rheumatism. His doctor treat
ment proved unsuccessful, but he subse-
quently regained his health by means
which he describes with great enthu.
aiasm.
AFTER dve or six weeks Of helpless
,uees and paul." said he, during which
I was receiving regular visits from the
doctor, felt 90 bad 90 ever. Just then
my mother. q woman eighty years Of
ago, paid mo . visit. 6ho had received
great benefit from DR.. Williams Pink
Pills, and she was confident they would
help mo. At her solicitation I gave up
the doctors treatment aud took tho pills
In it, place"
"And were you cured % the result Of
taking her advice3'
eyes, quickly aud thoroughly. Be-
tore the second box was llnished I felt
very manifest improvement. aud within
two weeks was able to leave my bed and
take up my neglected farm work. con.
tinued to use the pills, however, until
eight boxes had been taken, although
long before that I felt that every YES
tiRe Of the disease had been eradicated.
: "Are there no traces left?"
. "Absolutely none. For . year and
three months there has never been the
slightest return Of the old trouble. For
this happy result I aud my family freely
praise DR.. Williams Pink Pills"
Within the bounds Of China township.
St. Clair county, Mich, there 10 no bet
ter known farmer than Mr.. Henry
schroeppel. His cure has therefore nat
urally attracted a great deal Of attention.
One Of Mr.. Schroeppel's neighbors. OPP
tain George Balfour. after hearing Of the
salutary results in Mr.. Schroeppel's case,
decided to try DR.. Williams Pink Pills
for an attack Of Rheumatism from which
he was himself suffering. He took eight
or ten boxes and now declares himself
free from the painful ailment."
It IS little wonder that DR.. Williams
Pink Pills are much in favor in tho com.
where Mr.. Schroeppel and Cap
tain Balfour are % we'll and favorably
known. They are sold by all druggists
and are equally successful in curing
neuralgia, eciatica and partial paralysis
Williston graphic. (Williston, Williams County, N.D.) 1895-1919, 1905-03-09

A Guaranteed Cure for Piles.
itching, Blind, Bleeding or Protruding Piles
Your druggist will refund money II PAzC
OINTMENT fails to cure In 6 to II days. Soc
Williston graphic. (Williston, Williams County, N.D.) 1895-1919, 1905-03-09

They are always talking about lambs in
Wall street, but our experience is that tho
lamb there il mighty tough.-Indianapol
Sentinel
Williston graphic. (Williston, Williams County, N.D.) 1895-1919, 1905-03-09

Men are 20 hungry for Office in this
country that occasionally one turne up
who really wants to be pension commits
sioner.-Kansas City journal.
Williston graphic. (Williston, Williams County, N.D.) 1895-1919, 1905-03-09

There are men who finally consent to 90
TO work when they can't make . living
Williston graphic. (Williston, Williams County, N.D.) 1895-1919, 1905-03-09

Girls will b girls, all right, but tho
trouble 10 20 few of them ever realize IN
age imit.-Chicago Chronicle.
Williston graphic. (Williston, Williams County, N.D.) 1895-1919, 1905-03-09

1t takes more than molasses on the lips
70 make honey in the heart.-Chicago
Tribune.
Williston graphic. (Williston, Williams County, N.D.) 1895-1919, 1905-03-09
Il Cures While You Walk.

Aliens Foot Ease 10 a certain cure for
hot, sweating, callous, and swollen, aching
feet. Sold by all Druggists. Price 25c: Don't
xddPPe.s Xen 6. ted. Rog N.Y.
Williston graphic. (Williston, Williams County, N.D.) 1895-1919, 1905-03-09
Merely Robbery.

Merely Robbery.
I'm the business world to-day there is
too inch 'robbing Peter to pay Paul."
THAT wouldn't be so bad but nine
Pauls out of ten IRE never paid at that"
Public Ledger.
Williston graphic. (Williston, Williams County, N.D.) 1895-1919, 1905-03-09
IT'S THE TERROR
OF ALL WOMEN.

Backache Quickly Cured By Dodd's
Kidney Pills-Mrs. w. Ill. Ambrose
Tells How Her Pains Vanished
Never to Return when She
Used the Great American
kidney Remedy.
The leader., 1905-11-01
STARTING THE SURVEY.
Goodyear Road is Heading for Jack
son.

The New Orleans and Great
Northern road, recently incorpo-
rated under the laws Of Mississip-
pi, with capital stock of
SO, 900, 600. for the purpose of
building a line from New Orleans
to Memphis, and promoted by the
Goodyear syndicate, has placed
its chief engineer and a large
corps of surveyors at work on the
survey in the vicinity of Monti-
cello, and the party will move
northward by slow stages during
the next few weeks.
Chief Engineer Coleman reach
| ed the State a day or so since and
held conference with General
Manager Pearsall, who will have
charge of the construction work,
and Mr.. /. G. Enochs, of this city,
manager of the Goodyear lumber
interests in this State.
1t is almost assured that the
road will be built via jackson, and
that the engineering corps will
move directly up the Pearl river
valley from Monticello. The
camp is at present located at Bran
tons ferry. Survey was complet.
ed during the summer for the line
from the Louisiana border to
Monticello, and this portion OF
the contract is now under way.
1t is an absolute certainty that the
line will be built through. Jack,
son News, Goth.
The leader., 1905-11-01
Marine Hospital Doctors to be Kept
on Picket.

The jackson Evening News
says that at the November meet
ing Of the State Board Of Health,
to be held jackson city, a resolu-
tion will be offered requesting the
United States government to per-
manentIy station DIR. Eugene Was
din, Of the Marine Hospital Ser
vice, on the Mississippi coast.
The resolution viii undoubtedly
| be adopted, as it is known that a
large MAJORITY Of the State Board
of Health members have implicit
faith and confidence in the Marine
Hospital Service, and are especial
lly pleased with the work that has
been performed By Surgeon Was
| din during the past three months.
Confidence is felt that the re-
quest will be granted, since Presi-
dent Roosevelt has given his per-
sonal assurance that Surgeon
White will be stationed at New
! Orleans as long as the people Of
that city want him.
The leader., 1905-11-01
Mississippi First.

Mississippi-the first State in
the Union to charter an institu-
tion of learning for the higher
education of young women; the
first to agitate abolishing impris-
onment for debt and leader of this
movement; the first to apply the
principal of popular government
to the judiciary; the first to re-
move the common law disabilities
of married women; the first to
: establish an institution, supported
by the State, for the education of
young women; the first to solve
the problem of white supremacy
in the South by lawful means is
the first to remove all quarantine
in this year Of our Lord!
All praise to Mississippi and to
God for His wonderful works to
the children of men!
The leader., 1905-11-01
COTTON BUYERS SLICK SCHEME.
President Jordan Warns the Planters
Not to Get BuncOed.

Atlanta, Ca, Oct. 6.-Hon.
HaIyie Jordan, president of the
Southern Cotton Association, to-
day issued the following, which is
note of warning to the South
ern planters:
Farmers and merchants of the
South are warned against cotton
buyers who are now busy at many
interior points trying to induce
spot holders to sell their cotton at
market prices and agreeing to
pay any additional advance that
may accrue within the next so or
80 days. If you deliver your cot
ton on that basis and the buyers
get enough of the staple in their
hands to fill their orders, there is
but little chance for the market.to
advance. The only way to force
an advance quickly is to refuse to
part with the cotton until satisfac-
tory prices are offered. No mid
ding cotton should be sold at
interior points for less than II
cents per pound. The crop is
short and all who hold will be re-
warded as they should be.
Again, don't lend your cotton
to local mills on the promise of
settlement at any time within the
next few months. With the sta
pie In the hands of the spinners,
prices can never advance.
Again, notify warehousemen to
whom you ship your cotton for
storage that under no circum-
stances must your cotton be loaned
or sold to exporters or buyers on
any sort of trade~or contract until
you are ready to sell it. All
kinds of tricks and devices are
being resorted to now by buyers
and spinners to induce farmers to
part with their cotton. Every
man who is led into any of these
trades is unwittingIy playing into
the hands of the buyers and
against his own interest and that
of his neighbors.
Hold your cotton like grim
death. Tie up the spot market
and stand firm for higher prices
and the victory will soon be yours
and the continued prosperity of
the South assured.
The leader., 1905-11-01
$4,000
Reward

will be paid to any person who
can find one atom of opium,
chloral, morphine, cocaine,
ether or chloroform or their
derivatives in any of
DR.. Miles Remedies.
This reward is offered be-
cause certain unscrupulous
persons make false statements
about these remedies. It is
understood that this reward
applies only to goods purch-
ased in the open market, which
have not been tampered with.
DR.. Miles remedies cure BY
their strengthening and invig-
Grating effect upon the nervous
system, and not by weakening
the nerves.
7 consider that there are no better
remedies put up than pr. Miles
and Liver Pills. We have used them
for years. and recommend them to
many others. My wife is using the
Neryine, and considers 1t the best
medicine In the world. A lady friend
Of mine, who was almost a total nerv-
Gus wreck. through my earnest solfci-
tation has used several bottles OF the
Nervine with wonderful results.
VIM CR0NaE. Salt Lake City, Utah.
Or. Miles Anki-PaIn pllls are sold BY
your druggist. who VIII guarantee that
the first package viii benefit. IL Is
falls, he Will return your money.
Is doses, IS cents. Never sold In bulk.
Miles Medical Co, Elkhart. Ind
The leader., 1905-11-01
KEEP II mpl

Saving is like an umbrella "a
shelter in The time of storm. But
you WON'T get much of an umbrel-
Ia if you deposit only few dollars
and then quit. keep it upl' To
get every reasonable advantage Of
the saving habit hand your dollars
over our counters, have yourself
credited with the per cent. inter-
est we pay, with that compounded
every 6 months and your ssumbrel-
La will be worth while before
you're fifty if you start in when
you're young and strong.
The leader., 1905-11-01

Samuel Il. Spears, native Of
Tennessee, aged 68, and William
Alum, aged 90, of Columbia,
Miss, died at the Soldiers Home,
at BeauVoir. Both we're buried
at the same hour.
The leader., 1905-11-01
Homestead Notice.

DEPARTMENT. OF THE INTERIOR, LAND
OFFICE, AT JACKSON, MISS, Oct. 2S. 1906
Notice is hereby given that the following
make final proof in support Of bis claim, and that
said proof will be made before the Register
and Receiver, at Jackson, Miss. on December 5,
1906 viz: Oliver Herring, II. Z. No. 36l44 for
the neMneA Sec. "a, T. 8 N, X. s East of
Washington Meridian.
He names the following witnesses to prove his
continuous residence upon and cultivation of
said land, viz: j. G. CASTILLO, Gordon Bullock,
A: f. Morris, and Sidney Bullock, all of WeSSon,
Miss.
FRED w. COLLINS,
dec6 Register.
The leader., 1905-11-01
7. 4, FOSBY
Next to Seavey's-Up-stairs,
BROOKHAvEN, MISS.
Estray Notice!

hVAINy INVhHVO
STATE OF MISSISSIPPI
LINCOLN COUNTY.
The undersigned ranger of said county will,
on
The First Monday in March, 1906,
at the Court House door in the city Of Brook
haven, Miss. between the hours of II o'clock NJ.
and O'Clock. p. NJ, proceed to sell to the high
est bidder for cash, the following eStray to-wit:
ONE SoRREL MARE,
about 10 or 10 years old, both hind feet white,
and white star in forehead, branded on left
foreleg and on left hind foot very dim, but re-
Sembles letter z. Also cut on right foreleg,
apparently made by wire; taken up by Albert
Cutter and appraised by Alec Markham and
Alec Brewer at $500, This Oct. %, 1905.
j.. s AMPS,
Ranger of Lincoln County, Miss.
The leader., 1905-11-01
Notice to Creditors.

claims against the estate of Ablison Roberts,
deceased, to have the same probated and reg
iStered by the Chancery Clerk of Lincoln coun-
ty, Mississippi, within one year from this date.
Letters of administration were granted on
April 18th, 1904; and all claims not probated
one year from this date will be barred
z. E. p. CLARK, Administrator.
The leader., 1905-11-01

All of Mississippi's Colleges,
male and female, will open next
week. They are all anxious to
get to work after their enforced
idIeness by quarantines and health
ordinances.
The leader., 1905-11-01

The women Of Brandon are
holding a weeks rummage sale
for the benefit Of the Methodist
church of which they are mem
bers.
The leader., 1905-11-01

Don't fall out with d man BE-.
cause be differs from you. Free
dom Of opinion is constitutional
right.
The leader., 1905-11-01
LINCOLN'S WHITE PUBLIC SCHOOLS.
Where They Are Located and Who IS
Teaching Them.
REAT (lNF
BEAT ONE.

Blue, Mrs. Mary Doliahlte, Brook
haven.
Union Hall Miss Mary Hobbs,
Brookhaven.
Saron Miss Nettie Anderson,
Brookhaven.
Mt. Moriah Miss Shellie Al
len, Brookhaven.
Boone's Creek Mrs. Mollie
Coon, Wellman.
Edwards Miss Maude Smith,
Brookhaven.
BEAT TWO.
Fair River Joe Burris, Miss
Gussie Godbold, Fair River.
Oak GroVe-W. =. Calender,
Brookhaven.
Big Springs Mrs. EuIa Miller,
Brookhaven.
Whites Line-H. Smith, Nola..
Nola W. F. Byrne, Miss Ken
hebrew, Nola.
Goodwater- Miss Hassie Smith,
Wesson.
Little Bahala "A. Green, Wes-
son.
Heuck's Retreat-W. G. Will
.liams, Miss Vaida Martin, Wes-
son.
Centerville H. F. Wilson,
Wesson.
Clear Branch Miss Matte
Furr, Montgomery.
Confederate Grove Miss Nell
lie Sasser, Wesson.
BEAT THREE.
Union-C. T. Mckee, Miss
Myra Smith, Denver.
Harmony-L. B. Campbell,
Miss selma East, Fair River.
Wellman-Al Miss Modena Greer,
Wellman.
Bailey Branch Miss Fannie
RenfroW, Miss jamie Scarborough,
Perch.
Pine Grove--z. G. Hodges,
Miss Jennie Martin, Bogue Chit
to.
Pleasant Miss Victoria
Hill, Miss Leila Hoggatt, Well
man.
Topisaw- Miss May Higdon,
Edgar.
CoIlins-M Miss Myrtle Greer,
Edgar.
Oak Ridge Miss Myrtle Scott,
Nor6eId.
Brister-M Miss A. Boyd McKen-
zie, Edgar.
Ruth-Miss Bennie Dunn, Miss
Ada WooIey, Miss Benneta Pur-
ser, Ruth.
Meak's Greek = Miss Mamie
Montgomery, Johnston Station.
Ellzey-Wesson.
Sweetwater Henry Barron,
WeIlman.
Hickory Groye-W. E. Baker,
Brookhayen.
BEAT FOUR.
Gills-Miss Nora Wells, Bogue
Chitto.
Bogue Chitto = Miss Lucie
Vaughn, Miss Efie Ball, Miss
Myrtis Gatlin, Miss Mackey Nc
Raney, Bogue Chitto.
Mt. Pleasant-H. E. Groves,
Miss Luella Montgomery, Nor
field.
Johnston Station j. M. Afford,
Miss Carrie Afford, Johnston
Station.
Johnson Miss Allie Z. Ed
wards, Brookhaven.
Big Creek-Miss Addie Sartin,
Bogue Chitto.
Kings Miss Ella Gill, Bogue
Chitto.
Montgomery l. E. Russell,
Miss Matte Alfred, Summit.
r. E. Lee Miss Rebecca Hub
bard, Slmilo.
Gum Groye-W. R. Norton,
Brookhaven.
Ratliff- McCalls Creek.
Arlington-W. G. Woodward,
Amber.
Auburn-E. B. Allen, Miss
Florence Flowers, Auburn.
Nor6eld Miss Susie Powell,
Miss Clyde East, Norfeld.
BEAT FIVE.
Mt. Zion-Miss Matte Jen.
nings, Miss Lottie Mason, Wes-
son.
Newell Shed Miss Vickie Scar
borough, PeetsVilIe.
Reeds Miss Norma GiIleylen.
Red Star.
Macedonia Miss Clara Beach.
am Rrnnkhavpn
The leader., 1905-11-01
We Want Farmers

we want FARMERS
And others who own stock to use LeGear's
Great Southern Stock Medicines. Also write
us for information and free prescriptions for any
trouble with stock. Any one who will call on
Price Drug Co. will be given free, Treatise On
Stock, available book.
DIR. LIE GEAR & CO.,
Austin, Texas.
St.SLouis, Mo.
LIS. PITTS. State Agent,
Oct 25-6m. Hazlehurst, Miss.
The leader., 1905-11-01
Brookhaven & PearI River Railway C

AmsEean Express Company operates the buslne
ALFRED MEAD Aet rearIhassn, Kiss s'-''s -