The Jewish outlook., 1905-07-07

COmmanQdnC OF the fortress Ol Lieu
tenant General Giuseppe Ottolenghl who dled
a few months ago, received in 1866 the then
highest medal, the Cross of Savoy, and he
represented Italy in the commission which
demarcated the frontiers of Turkey and Mon
tenegro. Colonel Enrico Guastalla, who
started as volunteer in 1S48, was a friend
Of Mazzini and joined Garibaldi. In Italy
IA per cent. of all Italian Jews are in the
army against IL per cent of all Italians. Out
of every five Jews serving in the Italian
army one is an officer, against one in twelve
in the Italian army as a whole.
No Jewish soldier in the Roumanian army
can be promoted to commission, however
brave and loyal he may be. Even if he en-
lists for second term Of service he does
not like others who do SO, earn a pension
thereby. An army surgeon, if he be Jew,
only ranks as a common soldier, while his
professional interiors rank as officers. No
Jews are admitted to the military schools,
and, however high the scholastic or uni
versity distinctions and grades of a Jew, he
has to serve as ''ranker" for three years
instead of being let off as "volontaire"
with one years service. Such is the treat
ment accorded to the 10000 Jews belonging
to the active army and reserves of the Rou-
manian state.
There are thousands of Jews in the Rus
sian army. They are good soldiers, despite
the fact that they are singled out for restrict
i've regulations unknown to their non-Jew-
ish comrades. Jewish recruits are not ad-
mitted to the frontier guard, neither can
they be admitted to the quarantine guard
Since 1889 no Jew has received the appoint
ment of military bandmaster, and Jewish
musicians in a military band cannot number
more than One-third of the whole. Jewish
recruits may not serve in the commissariat
army clerks in the regmental or other
offices. Jewish soldiers of the reserve have
right to live outside the Pale if this priv
lege is not accorded to them for some other
reason. In 1894 soldiers who served in the
Caucasian army were granted allotments OF
land in the province of kuban. From this
privilege Jewish soldiers were expressly eX
cluded. All recruits who were destined for
service in the Amur province are entitled to
take their families with them at the expense
of the government if they intend to remain
there after their term of service has expired
From this privilege the Jewish recruit is ex
cluded. Jewish soldier on furlough is not
entitled to stay outside the Pale of Jewish
settlement. No Jew can be promoted to the
rank of an officer, however ZealouSly and
ably he may serve. He cannot be promoted
even to the rank of commissioned Off
Ger. This restriction was introduced into
the Russian army in the reign of Alexander
III. The Jewish soldiers who enjoy the sci
entifc degree of provisor, that is of fully
registered pharmacists, cannot occupy posts
in their profession in the army.
The year 1893 guaranteed to the Jews
of France equality with French citizens, but,
as the Dreyfus affair showed liberty and
Justice, far the Jew is concerned,
have not even yet passed from the statute
into reality. Still, in spite of all. the Jews
of France rallied with equal promptness un-
der the banner of the empire and the repub-
lie when the safety of their country i'm
periled. In 1890 a Jew, Ravel de Terney,
served with honor in the National Guard,