davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Grit-advocate., 1905-03-10


ever attained distinction in the senate
who had not entered that body before
he was 80 years of age.
Commodore Vanderbilt at 10 was
worth about $l7OG0OC0. AT that time
he saw the possibility of railroad con.
struction and extension. He began
with railroad 120 miles long, with
stock selling al s.. and bonds selling
at $50 on the 800 Between the ages
of 20 and SO he increased the mile
age of his road from 100 to 10000 and
added about 100000, 900 to- his for
tune.
Gladstone began his great Mid
lothian campaign. which upset the
conservative government and put
himself and his party in power, at so
years of age.
THE best and wisest and most bril-
liant work of one of the ablest of the
popes. Leo Kill. was done after he
was 70 years old. and the wisest and
most beneficent of it after he was 80.
The leaders OF our banking system
and the controlling elements in our
financial operations in this country
are all past so, and most of them past
60 years OF age.
THE speaker of the House of Rep
resentatives, who more than any 9TH
er man who has ever held that posi-
ton dominates legislation, is 50. The
acknowledged leaders of the senate
on the Republican side are Aldrich.
Allison. Frye. Hale, Foraker and
Spooner, all past 60, while on the
, Democratic side the most astute and
aggressive of them is Senator Morgan
of Alabama, who is past so.
In the campaigns of 1900, 1902 and
1904, if may speak of myself, trav-
| eled more miles, made more speeches,
spoke more times, indoors and out
| doors, in tents, from car platforms, in
groves. and in halls, than any half
dozen men in our state-and l am TO-"
| The following are cited as well
known men whose powers age has not
diminished:
RUSSELL SAGE-Wholesale grocer
at Al. went to New York at At.
Now 80.
IAN M'LAREN = Did not begin TO
write until he was more than 40.
Published his first book, Beside
the Bonnie Brier Bush" when II.
| Now So.
lord ROBERTS of Kandahar, Preto-
ria, and Waterford-Only brevet
| lieutenant colonel at 40. major gen.
eral at 4G, lieutenant general at 81,
! general at 5S, field marshal at 63.
Now 73.
EMIL LOUBET. President of France
Obscure member of the French
house of deputies at 40, senator at
AZ, minister Of public works at 40,
minister of interior at 54, president
of the senate at 81. president of
France at 81. Now ST.
CHARLES w. FAIRBANKS Vice
President -elect-Had never held po-
litical office at 40. United States
senator at As, vice president at 53
DR.. SILAS WEIR MITCHELL-Un-
known to literature at 40, author at
So Now rs.
JOHN D. ROCKEFELLER j Has
heaped up a stupendous fortune
since 40, and is still vigorous head
of Standard Oil. Now IS.
JOSEPH G. CANNON - Elected
speaker of Congress at age Of &C.
JOSEPH H. CHOATE-One of the
committee of seventy at 80, made
ambassador to England at CT.
Now 70. ~
ANDREW CARNEGIE - Made great
est part Of his wealth after 40.
Now 6S.
HENRY GOODMAN POTTER-Made
| bishop of New York at 52 Now TO-
CHAUNCEY NJ DEPEW7~Made pres
| ident of the New York Central at
81, United States senator at g..
Now II.
J. p. MORGAN-Organized steet
trust at "a. Now 68.
WHITELAW REID-Newspaper man
at 40. Just appointed ambassador
to England at g.
The Grit-advocate., 1905-03-10
Kansas as Center of Universe.

Thomas A. McNeal, Kansas state
printer, believes the state to be 'the
center of the universe" anG he justi.
fies his belief in this convincing way
scientists have noted that if man
starts from Kansas and travels east.
ward and keeps going until Kansas is
again reached and then takes the
same journey, but starting to the west
ward, the distance travelled is precise
ly the same"
The Grit-advocate., 1905-03-10
Returns From Exploring Tibet.

Lieut.. Wilhelm Filchner, an officer
of the Bavarian army and an explor-
er, has arrived at San Francisco on
the Siberia, after about eighteen
months of travel and exploration in
Tibet. The purpose Of the lieutenants S
travels was scientific research and a
desire to be the first to bring from an
unknown country records which will
be of great value to travellers and ex-
plorers, who will doubtless flock to
Tibet. now that the way has been
cleared by Col. Younghusband's expe-
dition.
The Grit-advocate., 1905-03-10
glance at the work performed by great
minds from the beginning to see that
DR.. Osler Is wrong"
President Buffers Comm

Nicolas Murray Butler, on the shady
side Of 40, president of Columbia uni
versity, said he preferred to leave
the discussion of such a question to
medical men. He added: DIR. Osler
himself is much above 40 years of
age, and just now is going to Eng
land to take most important position
as an educator and leader Of thought
think this statement alone is suf-
ficient without argument or denial"
The Spokane press. [volume] (Spokane, Wash.) 1902-1939, 1905-02-07
BRGVl1rlES

Music by Pfster orchestra next
Sunday evening at Pfster.
A writ of garnishment has been
issued in the case of Rothchild Bros.
against Louis Checker to recover
$3.50.
Ladies play billiards and pool
every day and evenings at Pfister
billiard parlor.
Judge PoindeXter has issued a war
rant to procure the attendance of
Thomas Reed, a witness in the prose-
cution of Edith Sparrow. Reed is a
prisoner at the Walla Walla peniten-
tiary.
Free instructions to ladies every
morning on bowling by experienced
lady instructor at Pfster bowling
parlors.
No one with a regular income
should put off saving. Thine and tide
wait for no man." Ir our savings
bank department we pay interest at
the rate of per cent per annum.
compounded semiannually, on the
minimum quarterly balance in even
dollars. Spokane s. Eastern Trust
company.
The Spokane press. [volume] (Spokane, Wash.) 1902-1939, 1905-02-07

body of the new Associated Charities.
The committee is made up of the
following: Mrs. F. F. Emery, Mrs.
B. c. Riblet, Miss Grace Nichols,
Miss Wayland, Mrs. F. E. Lucus. Mrs.
c. ]. Moore, Rev. w. ]. Hindley, Cy-
rus B. Bradley, DR.. w. w Potter,
Rev. ]. William Giboney. J. f. Ru-
dersdorf. Rev. Alfred Lockwood, c.
Anderson. a representative of the
Volunteers of America, a representa-
tive of the Salvation army and the
mayor and the president of the board
of public works and the chief of po-
lice as honorary members.
Mayor boyd is to call a meeting the
latter part of the week for the pur-
pose of choosing officers who shall
serve until the annual meeting of the
association to be held next Septem-
Der.
One of the most important actions
last night was the adoption of an
amendment to the constitution pro-
posed by DIR. Van Osdel, fixing the
membership fee at 50 a year in order
that everyone interested In the work
may become a member at a reason
able fee.
1t is expected that the lower fee
will admit of a membership of at
least 5000 within the year.
The Spokane press. [volume] (Spokane, Wash.) 1902-1939, 1905-02-07

The twins In the above pretty pic
ture are Tox-e-lox and A-lom-pum.
They are girls and were born on Nc
Kay creek, Oregon, two and a half
years ago.
A very singular fact in regard to
the twins is that they are the only
Cayuse Indian twins alive, as it is
an ancient law with the Cayuse that
no twins shall be permitted to live,
the traditional belief being that
twins are the heralds of impending
evil, because in the long ago two
beautiful twin daughters were alb
Quoted by another tribe, thus leading
to war and great loss of life.
When the old chief of the Cayuse
heard of the birth of Tox-e-lox and
A-lom-pum, he issued an edict that
they must be killed at once, in com
pliance with the ancient law; but the
father of the twins proclaimed that
he had visions" announcing that the
twins would bring the tribe great
prosperity.
A council of the braves was called,
and the fathers story of the super
natural communications was accept
ed. And so it is that A-lom-pum and
Tox-e-lox are very much alive
healthy and happy, as anyone who
looks at the photo will not dispute.
The Spokane press. [volume] (Spokane, Wash.) 1902-1939, 1905-02-07
CHAMBER
OF COMMERCE

At the meeting of the board of
the chamber of commerce this noon
several bills before the legislature
were endorsed, among them being the
bill providing that cities of the sec
ond, third and fourth class may an
mex contiguous territory.
The amendments to the horticul-
tural law were endorsed, as was a
liberal appropriation for the topo-
graphical work of the state.
The secretary was instructed to Sc
cure a hall for the free lecture to be
delivered in March by E. F. Sheldon
of the Sheldon School for Scientific
Craftsmanship.
The trading stamp matter was dis
cussed but no definite action was
taken. a copy of the Colorado law
against trading stamps was received
and discussed.
The Spokane press. [volume] (Spokane, Wash.) 1902-1939, 1905-02-07
WEBER TRIAL
(Scripps News Association.)

AUBURN, Cal, Feb. THE ply
sicians who performed the autopsy
on the bodies of the murdered Weber
family testified this morning at the
trial Of Adolph Weber that the pistol
wounds in the bodies of julius, Mary
and Bertha Weber were almost in
stantly fatal in each case.
One of the witnesses told of his be-
ing called to dress the defendants
hand on the night of the murders.
Weber stated he had cut it on a win
dow pane. The witness said a wound
such as that had not been made in
that manner, but was jagged as If
torn by barbed wire. He also made
the startling announcement that the
defendant, when demonstrated with
on his determination to go back to
the fire, said:
People say my mother is alive. I
know she is dead. l know they are
all dead
The Spokane press. [volume] (Spokane, Wash.) 1902-1939, 1905-02-07
dRO(tR 5W|hD[tD

An old swindle, with anew varia-
tion, was practiced yesterday after
noon on the King Grocery company.
0I429 Monroe street. The swindler
got away with $40 and is now being
hunted for by the police.
During the afternoon a telephone
order was given to the King grocery
to deliver groceries to the amount
of $3.50 to the house at All Knox
avenue.
The delivery boy took the gro
ceries to the number designated and
was met on the sidewalk by a man
who said he had ordered the gro
ceries.
of sugar out of the order and then
asked the boy if he had change for a
SIS bill.
Unsuspecting. the boy counted out
$40 in change, which he handed to
the man.
The swindler took the change and
the sugar and said he would so into
the house and get the IS, at the same
time ordering the boy TO drive around
to the rear with the remainder of the
groceries.
The boy drove around but was told
no groceries had been ordered.
The stranger disappeared with the
sugar and the money.
The Spokane press. [volume] (Spokane, Wash.) 1902-1939, 1905-02-07
WHtNPITTSBURGPHlL
CLEARED UP $4,000

Much has been written about Geo.
Smith, "Pittsburg Phil who died
Wednesday morning at Asheville, n.
c. Few men have had so interesting
a career as he, and everywhere he
was known as a man of great nerve.
One incident in his life will serve
to show Smiths remarkable nerve.
March II, 1897, he occupied a ring
seat at the Corbett- FitzsimmOns fight
in Carson City. It was at the end
of the fifth round; the Cornishman
was bleeding from the incessant iab
bling handed out by Corbett. To the
unbiased critic 1t looked as though
Fitz could scarcely last more than
two or three additional rounds. Men
were going around with punches of
money offering $1,000 to $500 on Cor
bett. With everything apparently
against him, excepting his own judg-
ment and confidence in the lanky Cor
nishman. Smith jumped to his feet
and yelled: I'll take you"
las many times as YOU want" re-
piled the Californian's hackers Smith
quietly said Ten
The result of the fight is now a
matter of history. At its close Smith
collected $4,000 in the same nom
chalant manner he made the wager.
The Spokane press. [volume] (Spokane, Wash.) 1902-1939, 1905-02-07
SMALL FIRES.

Rubbish and waste piled in cor
ner at the Inland Printing company S
plant on Sprague avenue resulted In
spontaneous combustion this after
noon. The chemical from central sta
ton got there in time to prevent a
serious fire.
Someone threw a cigarette through
a hole in the sidewalk to the base
ment beneath William Holderer 5
butcher shop at 10 Main avenue about
10 o'clock last night. The fire had
a good start when the tiremen arrived
and after a hard fight saved the build
ing and a large quantity of meats.
The Spokane press. [volume] (Spokane, Wash.) 1902-1939, 1905-02-07
Travelled WITH
ANOTHER WOMAN

Sophia Robinson, lately Of Tacoma,
has brought an action for divorce
against her husband, William Robin
son, on the ground of desertion and
adultery.
Robinson was arrested In Spokane
about a month ago at the request of
the police of Tacoma, where he was
wanted on a charge of obtaining
money on false pretenses. With the
money obtained by fraud he was trav-
cling about with a woman named
Ellen Smith, whom he introduced as
his wife.
This offense is alleged in the d.
yorce suit filed today
The Spokane press. [volume] (Spokane, Wash.) 1902-1939, 1905-02-07
NETTIE GOLDEN
IS DIVORCED

Fred n. Golden and his wife, Nettie
Golden, were divorced in Judge Ken
mans court today after a married
life of 20 years.
The husband, who ought to have
known better, brought an action for
divorce, alleging that his wife de-
serted him in kalispell, Mont, in No
Vember. 1902 He made the further
claim that his wife was cross and
cruel to him and made his life mis-
cradle
TO these allegations Mrs. Golden
filed cross complaint and gave the
facts about the kalispell affair. She
told how her husband ran away from
her in Kalspell and took with him a
woman named Hattie Johnson, with
whom he now resides.
Mrs Golden proved in court today
the facts set forth in the cross COM
plant and secured a decree and the
custody of two children, aged 10 and
~ years.
The Spokane press. [volume] (Spokane, Wash.) 1902-1939, 1905-02-07
ASH that CASE
BE TRANSFERRED

f. j. Roberts, manager of the Fed
eral Mining q Smelling company, was
made a party defendant in an action
brought for damages by w. ]. Rich
ardson for an injury received while
working in the Last Chance mine.
Mr. Roberts has demurred to the
complaint, claiming he is not a
proper party to the action.
The Federal Mining & Smelling
company has moved to transfer the
case to the circuit court of the United
States.
The Spokane press. [volume] (Spokane, Wash.) 1902-1939, 1905-02-07
ALLEGES CARELESNESS

The Washington Water Power COM
pany, in a bill of particulars filed
today, allege thata John II. Van
Dusen is a very careless man.
Van Dusen has brought suit to re-
cover for personal injuries inflicted
by the big corporation. One of it's
cars collided with Van Dusen's wagon
and he was thrown out and badly
bruised.
The defendant says that Van Dusen
carelessly drove in front of one of it's
cars when he ought to have seen that
a collision would result from such
q careless act.
The Spokane press. [volume] (Spokane, Wash.) 1902-1939, 1905-02-07
HABEAs CORPUS GRANTED.

Coils Brooks, confined in the coun-
ty jail on conviction for larceny, pro-
cured a writ of habeas corpus today.
He says his conviction before Rob
ert Rutherford of Medical Lake pre-
cinct was illegal as he had no coun-
sci and no opportunity to be heard
in his defense. He was sentenced
to pay fine of s25 and to serve 80
days in jail.
Hearing on the writ will be had
tomorrow morning.
The Spokane press. [volume] (Spokane, Wash.) 1902-1939, 1905-02-07
LABOR CELEBRATION

The third anniversary Of the or
Fanization of No. p, American Labor
union, was celebrated in trades coun-
ell hall last night with about 200
persons present.
A musical program was carried out
and addresses were made by Presi-
dent Charles Gillespie, II. L. Hughes
and Commissioner ONO.
Dancing and refreshments followed
the speechmaking.
The Spokane press. [volume] (Spokane, Wash.) 1902-1939, 1905-02-07
PRETTY SAFE RULE TO GO BY.

When there is a feeling that the
heart or lungs, blood or liver, brain
or nerves are diseased, at once COM
mence to doctor the stomach. That
is the foundation of the trouble in
30 cases out of every 100. Commence
to regulate the digestive organs, get
them in healthy working condition,
and the other troubles will leave of
themselves. Diseases which have
their beginning in the stomach must
be cured through the stomach. The
medicine for stomach disorders and
half the ills of life. is DR.. Gums
Improved Liver Pills. They are sold
by all druggists for 25c per box One
pill is a dose. These pills put all the
digestive organs in good condition
so that disease has no basis to work
upon. For sale by all druggists.
The Spokane press. [volume] (Spokane, Wash.) 1902-1939, 1905-02-07
URIC ACID GRAVEL

rs CAUSED BY TIE KIDNEYS BE-
ING UNABLE TO FILTER THE
BLOOD OF NITROGEN AND THE
WORKOUT COMPOUNDS WHICH
CONTAIN IT.
The urine of persons suffering from
uric acid or gravel let's fall, after It
has stood while a reddish sediment
like brick dust, and is very scanty
The pure uric acid sometimes appears
as fine sand, or in large crystals.
Persons who pass this kind o
gravel largely are apt to be troubled
with infiammatory complaints, will
acidity of the stomach and heart
burn, and some of them with govt
and rheumatism
The Spokane press. [volume] (Spokane, Wash.) 1902-1939, 1905-02-07
PERRY TO
BE MARSHAL

WASHINGTON, Feb. THE pres
ident today sent to the senate the
nomination of George G. Perry of
Alaska to be United States marshal
for division No. 8 of the district of
Alaska.
The Spokane press. [volume] (Spokane, Wash.) 1902-1939, 1905-02-07
IT IS GOVERNOR
GENERAL WRIGHT
(SCripps News Association.

(SCrippS News AssOclatlOn.J
WASHINGTON, Feb. THE presi-
dent today signed the Philippine bill
giving the executive the title of gov
ernor general Secretary Taft cabled
his congratulations to Governor Cen
eral Wright.
The Spokane press. [volume] (Spokane, Wash.) 1902-1939, 1905-02-07
TURNKEY IS BURIED.

The remains of J. p. Turney, the
man who was asphyxiated in mine
at Davenport, were brought to this
city this morning and are now at
Smith & Co.'S undertaking rooms.
The body of the dead miner was
accompanied here by the family and
a delegation of fellow workmen, who
attended the funeral held late this
afternoon.
The Spokane press. [volume] (Spokane, Wash.) 1902-1939, 1905-02-07
MRS. ALICE DUKE
IS A FREE WOMAN
(Scripps News Association

NEW YORK, Feb Mrs. Alice
Webb Duke, wife of Brodie Duke, the
tobacco magnate, was discharged
from custody this afternoon.
The Texas authorities notified the
district attorney that they would not
press the fraud charges against Mrs.
Duke.
The Spokane press. [volume] (Spokane, Wash.) 1902-1939, 1905-02-07
NEW ATTRACTIONS THIS WEEK
Atthe COMIOUE

Jessie Vernon, the vivacious SOU
brette: The Musical Harris, instru-
mental wonders: Harry Sefton's bur-
lesquers, 25 in number, producing
THE Midway Carnival; the stirring
detective drama in four acts by
Browne & Diamond entitled Grimes
of Great City" by the entire CO.
mique Stock company.
The Spokane press. [volume] (Spokane, Wash.) 1902-1939, 1905-02-07
PIPE LINES ARE
COMMON CARRIERS
(Scripps News Association

TOPEKA, Kan, Feb. 1.-THE SEN
ate as a committee of the whole today
recommended the passage of laws
making pipe lines common carriers,
fixing a maximum freight rate on oil
and forbidding discrimination in
prices of refined oil.
The Spokane press. [volume] (Spokane, Wash.) 1902-1939, 1905-02-07
TAYLOR ARRESTED
(Scrirps News Association. J

CHICAGO, Feb. 7.-Charles F.
Taylor, the business partner of Mrs.
Alice Webb Duke, was arrested yes
terday on a fugitive warrant based
on an indictment for fraud at Nacog
dOches, Tex. Mrs. Duke. whose trou-
bles since her marriage to the tobacco
merchant resulted in her imprison-
ment in New York, is also under in
dictment
The Spokane press. [volume] (Spokane, Wash.) 1902-1939, 1905-02-07
GRAND jury IS
INVESTIGATING
(Scripps News Association

SACRAMENTO, Cal, Feb. THE
grand jury was called together today
poses to present the senatorial brib-
cry case to the inqusitorial body.
Detective Hartling, one of the men
who assisted in the alleged trapping
of the senators, was called before the
illrV
The Spokane press. [volume] (Spokane, Wash.) 1902-1939, 1905-02-07
SPOKANE, Wash, May 8, 1894.
Medical Lake Salt Mfg. Co.,
GpoLopa Wash

Spokane, Wash:
Gentlemen-about year ago
was troubled with inflammatory
rheumatism In my feet and was COM
PEELED to go about with a cane, and
suffered a great deal during that time.
A gentleman told me of Medical Lake
Salts, which he said were good for
that disease. l tried the Salts for
six days and found 1t to be success
full. bathed my feet once every night
in hot water IN which the salts had
been dissolved and then wrapped my
feet in wooden cloths. / did this for
six days and on the sixth day was
able to walk without cane. i can
recommend 1t to anyone for that pur-
pose and appreciate the fact that 1t
helped me. Yours truly,
JNO. N. BLACKBURN.
Room .. Ricardo.
The Spokane press. [volume] (Spokane, Wash.) 1902-1939, 1905-02-07
TRAIN WRECKED
(Scripps News Association.)

(SCrfpps News Associati0n.)
MEXICO CITY, Feb. IA train
returning fro mthe railway conduct
ors' picnic at Popocatepella peak.
carrying 500 excursionists, ran from
a six-foot embankment into a ditch,
iniuring 20 persons more or less Sc
riously.
The Spokane press. [volume] (Spokane, Wash.) 1902-1939, 1905-02-07

Hundreds of thousands of people
use HOLSTERS Rocky Mountain Tea
as family tonic. If taken this
month it will keep the family well all
summer. If ii fails, Ill II
back. 35 cents. " v
The Spokane press. [volume] (Spokane, Wash.) 1902-1939, 1905-02-07
Hays
HAIR
xxEALTH1
RESTORES
HAIR
To Youthful Color

Had been troubled with dandruff a
long time. After using one bottle of
Hairhealth ! found the dandruff gone
and my hair, which was two-thirds
gray Il am As years old, restored to
it's natural auburn color.-G. EICH-
MAN, La Crosse, Wis"
Hairhealth quickly brings back
youthful color to gray hair, no mat
ter how long it has been gray or
white. Positively removes dandrufY,
kills the germ ard stops hair falling
Does not stain skin or linen. Aided
by HARFINA SOAP and SkinheaIth,
II soothes and heals the scalp stops
itching and promotes fine hair growth
Large SOC bottles, druggists Take
Co
The Spokane press. [volume] (Spokane, Wash.) 1902-1939, 1905-02-07
THOUSANDS ON STRIKE

(Scripps News Association)
CHARLEROI, Belgium, Feb. Ut
was announced today that 22,957
miners out of 39,442 employed in col
lieries in this district are now on
strike.
The Spokane press. [volume] (Spokane, Wash.) 1902-1939, 1905-02-07
PRESIDENT SENDS MESSAGE

(Scripps News Assoc iation.)
WASHINGTON, Feb. president
Roosevelt this afternoon sent a mes
sage to congress urging appropria-
ton for the appointment of board
of surveyors to superintend explora-
lions.
The Spokane press. [volume] (Spokane, Wash.) 1902-1939, 1905-02-07
WORKING FOR
new MEMBERS

Fifteen well known workers in the
field Of charity were named last night
at the mass meeting in the city
council chamber as the governing
The Spokane press. [volume] (Spokane, Wash.) 1902-1939, 1905-02-07
PROF, LEOPOLD scHADE, In

structor in Violin and Piano Music,
has established himself in Spokane.
Prof. Schade is a graduate Of the
Conservatory Of Music at Souder-
hansen. Germany. Second floor Gran
lite block.
The Spokane press. [volume] (Spokane, Wash.) 1902-1939, 1905-02-07
MINERS RETURN
(Scripps News Association.)

BERLIN, Feb. Three thousand
miners in the Selesian district return
ed to work today, leaving the settle
ment of the dispute to the govern
ment bill now in preparation.
The Spokane press. [volume] (Spokane, Wash.) 1902-1939, 1905-02-07

Give the children HOLSTERS Rocky
Mountain Tea this month. Itmakes
them grow and gives them rosy
cheeks. There is no other medicine in
the world so good for the children.
r a. s:P''' r Ss' or @aNM
sale by
The Spokane press. [volume] (Spokane, Wash.) 1902-1939, 1905-02-07
MISSOURI AT
PORTLAND FAIR
(Scripps News Association.)

(Scripps News Association.)
JEFFERSON CITY, Mo, Feb. o.
In a special message to the legis-
lature today Governor Folk recon-
mended the appropriation of $4,000
TO exploit Missouri at the Lewis and
Clark exposition.
The Spokane press. [volume] (Spokane, Wash.) 1902-1939, 1905-02-07
BELIEVE MITCHELL
TO Be INNOCENT

(Scripps News Assocjation.)
SALEM, Ore, Feb. THE senate
today adopted by unanimous vote the
joint resolution expressing belief in
the innocence of Senator Mitchell.