The sun., 1905-07-31

soldiers then living In the United States. ADD
to this the deaths In the twenty-five years and
the casualties during the war. and the number
Is considerably moro than 100000.
The muster rolls lately sent to Washington
from the seeding States talthough not all
In yeti. We are told. show more than 100000
men enlisted In the Confederate army.
The Provost Marshal Generals offcial
report gives as the total combined strength
Of all the Union armies:
July 1, 1851 Observation-Disclosures. $4,000
Jan. L. 1867 oN'uO
Jan. L. lsS oeo'oVo
jan L. loo4 oIIoo
MAlcn Oh lo0o ............'..''.'. oo'VVo
Six hundred and ninety-eight thousand
officers and soldiers seems to have been the
largest number OF soldiers President Lincoln
had available at any one time during the war.
This number. Of course. includes the troops
serving on the Pacific Coast. also those oper-
ating against Indians In the Northwest. and
on the Candian border. in garrison. guarding
railways, prisons, &c.
The man who went into the Confederate
Army as officer or soldier enlisted for the war
and therefore was only counted once as one
| enlistment.
In the North. unfortunately. the Federal
Congress did not pass oonscription law that
would have enabled 1t to have fought the
war as . nation las the South did. but left 1t
Governors OF States not only appointed and
promoted the regimen officers but dictated
who should be appointed Generals and stan
officers throughout the war. In the South
| after the first year there were no political
Generals. staff or regimental officers: all
promotions were made by the soldiers in the
Confederate Army.
and at the expiration Of that time they were
mustered out and became civilians II they
enlisted again the same men would be counted
twice, as each had made two enlistments.
Most OF the men who enlisted for three years
went veteran as II was called--that is.
at the end Of three years they were mustered
out and enlisted for another three years.
The majority of Union soldiers enlisted twice.
Many of them made three enlistments.
At various times during the war emergen-
cies would cause thousands OF men to turn
out for few days. The older soldiers tok
ingly said that few Of these men once got
near enough to a battle to be able to hear
the firing OF artillery. They counted as
soldiers. but as they lacked discipline. drill
and instruction, would have been useless
(unless behind fortifcations) against ex-
perienced Confederate soldiers.
The Confederate law gave President Davis
an army Of over 100000 men. While he
probably could not at that time equip and
arm that number Of men. it must be remen-
| bered that after the first Bull Run battle
the Army OF Virginia did not fight an import
| ant battle for nearly year
| Each army was dlscplininR. eaulpping
and drilling in camp. The South had the
| great advantage of interior lines Of operation.
A nation with that advantage expects to
| win In a war, unless her enemy largely out
| numbers her In soldiers.
| When the Union army crossed the Potomac
River 1t came Immediately into a hostile
| community. and could obtain no information
| Of the roads, streams, DC. or positions OF
| the enemy. except BY military reconnaissance.
| and was forced to leave large detachments
| OF troops to guard its line of communication.
| The further IL went the smaller its fighting
| force.
| The impression Of Northern troops has been
that up to the battle Of Chancellorsville they
were generally outnumbered Tin the battles
| In virginia). at least on the important points
Of the field, and their impression is not un-
| reasonable when we consider the number
| of troops in the Confederate Army and that
they did not have to leave troops to guard
| their communications and could therefore
| use their entire strength. The inhabitants
were intensely loyal. and any movement Of
Federal troops was promptly reported to the
Confederates. The Virginia officers and
soldiers were thoroughly familiar with the
whole country. its roads. streams. DC. and
| NOnIeueTdtt uoops Souiu ue
rapidly concentrated for action, while the
| Union troops knew nothing until the pickets
| commenced firing.
Although over 200 900 boys became ia years
| Of age during the war. the Confederates
| seem to have been unable to replace their
| losses In men. SO from Charlottesville
| MAY, 1889 on. the Federals probably out
numbered the Confederates when they met,
but after Gettysburg both armies took to
| the spade, breastworks made up to the de-
| fense for lack Of numbers. and after that the
Federals were probably. as a rule. the assail-
ants.
| II Ia to be expected that If one soldier is
| attacked by two Of the enemy he will be
beaten but II so soldiers are attacked by
100 the smaller force can put up a good
fight and may win. An army OF 90. 900 soldiers
can put UP strong battle against an army Of
| 100, 900 or ITO. 900 enemies. and II the smaller
army Is thoroughly familiar with the country
and has General OF military skill sufficient
to take advantage Of the information he can
easily obtain from the friendly inhabitants
| the smaller force can reasonably expect to
| be victorious.
No one has ever doubted the skill Of the
Generals OF the Confederacy or the good
| conduct Of Confederate troops.
| Military men consider the organization of
| tho Confederate armies az better than that of
| tho Union armies.
And what Is OF still greater Importance In
an army-the system Of appointing and pro-
| noting Confederate officers was much SUPER
| lor to that Of the Union army. VETERAN
|