davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Montgomery advertiser., 1905-04-21

may set about extending the time for judicial inquiry. We apprehend that courts and juries are not going to mako the mistake of executing any man. white or black-of whose guilt there is any doubt: the same cannot be said of the mob of mad lynchers.
 Possibly our editorial went little too far in saying that such speedy trial is worse than lynching, though we are not sure about It. Lynching shows contempt and disregard for law, while railroading a man to the gallows will breed contempt and disrespect for the court, and we don't know which Is the worse. Both are wrong. as our contem- porary tacitly admits. and it must also admit that law and society are in a lamentable condition If there is no way to save a prisoner from a mob but to convict him by a judicial farce
The Montgomery advertiser., 1905-04-21
ARsuING oyER A NAME.

vt have been watching with no ht- tie interest and some degree of amuse- ment the controversy between The New York Times and The New York Age. The latter is the Afro American or gan, as Editor Fortune chooses to des- ignate it, and 1t finds fault with The Times on a number of points, as might reasonably be expected. The main point of contention is over the word negro and negroes" as applied to the color ed people. This designation 1t consid- CTS offensive, especially as The Times refuses to use a capital N to begin the word with. The Age thinks Its con temporary might at least make that concession, but the other refuses to see it in that light. If The Times should speak of the colored people as mig gers" The Age could hardly stand it, yet that is the way nearly all of them in the South refer to each other, and they do not apear to see anything of- fensive about 1t.
 One of the points made by The Age shows Its in-skinned ideas Of words and of ethnological distinctions. It con- tends that even if it is right and just to call the Africans in their native wilds negroes it is not fair to apply the same word to those in this country who have come up from the condition Of savagery in which their brethren In Africa still exist and have attained sonaethfn1 of the hipher civilization of the white man. This is kind of hair splitting argument that will hardly bear analyzing. If q black man Is a ne- gro in Africa he can hardly be any thing else here as long as there Is no admixture of other blood. Neither re- moval nor cultivation can change ra- cial name. else the Chinaman. the Jap anese and others who were among the lowest strata among their people at home might insist that they should no longer be called by their racial names after they have secured the bencfits of American civilization. As The Timss says:
 As a matter of fact, that onght not to be questioned. the name negro does fit accurately the naked African, and the educated American with a black skin, and tho assertion Is in no sense a denial of the enormous differ ences between the two. As for spell ing negro" with a capital initial, we are quite willing that The Age should do so if it chooses, but we do not feel any obligation to join in the innovation.
 We think The Times has the best of the argument. as was to be expected.
The Montgomery advertiser., 1905-04-21

ing factions of a single party, but ele- ments of the people with pecuniary ,n- terests that conflict-elements that of the political thought of the day. MT. Roosevelt stands well toward middle ground, but really nearer to the Beyan
 The significance of the situation Is that on the one overshadowing issue of the day. the industrial problem, neither party is united. MT. Roose- welt has reversed the policy of ms remains to be seen whether ne can really make this new policy effective whether he can secure the necessary support in Congress to enact his views into law. He may md in the end that he will be able to succeed only by the aid of Democrats. Solid Democratic opposition to his rate bill would have attracted enough Republican support to have killed that measure In the House.
 The Presidents aggressive campaign for the enforcement of the law against trusts will certainly arouse mans-pow- erful Republicans to resentment. A we'll organized party with capable leaders In the attitude assumed by Judge Parker would, beyond question. draw immensely from Republican party unequivocally committed to the Presidents policy. But these Republic cans have shown that they prefer to take their chances with a Roosevelt Republican party rather. than a party made up of irrecon cilaple Parker and Bryan factions
 In the modern industrial State the natural conflict Is between the con- servatfve or reactionary tendencies and the liberal or radical elements. The line between these forces is the natural line for the division of the people into parties. The power of the party name. partisan and sectional prejudices. have interfered with such party develop ment in this country, but there are many indications that even these for midable obstacles can not much longer resist natural industrial and political evolution.
The Montgomery advertiser., 1905-04-21
TRUSTEES MEETING.
Affairs of Orphans Home at TaliadegA
 in Good Condition.

TalIadega, April 20.-(Special)- IA meeting of the Board of Trustees or the Presbyterian Orphans Home was held in this city yesterday. The af- fairs of the Home were found to be in excellent condition. Rev. A. A. Little of Selma and Bradford Hardie of Montgomery were the out-of-town members present.
 pr. A. D. Meadow of Birmingham. Grand Master of the l. O. O. F. of Alabama, will visit the Talladega Lodge May l.
 Several prominent citizens are orga- nizing a stock company to erect hosiery mill in Talladega with capt- tai of $25.000.
 President George W. Chambers of the Talladega Electric Power Com pany says he will furnish power and lights from his plant in three weeks. The Talladega Electric Power Com pany Is just completing a plant worth S1OO,O0O at Jackson's Shoals, eight miles from the city. Ten thousand horse power is to be generated by the water power at that place. Jackson Shoals and the road leading from Tal" ladega to that point derives its name from General Jackson who commanded the Tennessee soldiers in the battle Of Talladega, which was fought Novem- 0s this battle 299 Indian warriors were left dead on the field. while Jackson lost IT men. Jackson had subsequent engagements with the Creeks during the winter and on the 24th of March, 1914 the final battle of the Creek war was fought at Horseshoe Bend in which 557 Indians and twenty-six of the Tennesseans were killed. The power of the Creeks was now forever broken, the proud and noble chieftain, Red Eagle, finally captured and thus ended the brilliant campaign of the Creek war. The captured Indians were marched along the road now known as Jackson's Trace and forded Choccolocco Creek at the ford named for General Jackson. Nearly cen tury has passed since then, Talladsga has grown from a hamlet to T thriv- ing city of 1000 people and before a great while an electric car line will send its cars skimming along the road over which the dismal march of the conquered Creeks was made.
 Miss Kate Lawson Matson of this city and George W. Shadoin of Hop kinsvflle, Ky, were married this morn ing at the home of the brides parents. MT. and Mrs. J. A. Watson, Rev. L. c. Branscomb oficiating. The bride is a most popular young woman and has many friends in Talladega. The groom travels for a Chattanooga con- cern, and Is an excellent young gen. tleman.
 For the last day or two the town has been full of farmers buying seed to replant crops and gardens damaged by the cold wave. One farmer had sixty acres of cotton killed
The Montgomery advertiser., 1905-04-21
KILLED BY FALL.
G, w, Brady of GadsdeR Meets Death
 in Mississippi.

Gadsden, April 20.-(Special)-G. w. Brady of Gadsden was killed at Starks- vile. Miss, Tuesday morning by fall ing from the tall roof of a school build ing. which he was covering. MT. Brady was a timer and had the contract to cover the building and while working at the job he lost his balance and fell to the ground, crushing his body and causing instant death. MT. Brady has been a citizen of Gadsden for a num- Der of years and his family. consisting of his wife and several children. is liv- ing here. He was a good citizen and his tragic death is greatly deplored by his many friends here. The remains will reach Gadsden this morning and be inferred here.
 The annual address to the graduat- ing class of the Disque High School will be delivered on the afternoon of May 18th, by Captain Richmond Pear son Hobson.
 J. R. Lancaster, who is employed at the furnace of the Alabama Consoli- dater Coal and Iron Company, In this city, had the misfortune to have his eyes very badly burned yesterday by an explosion of one of the gas blow CTS.
 A negro who says his name Is Frank Hunter has been arrested and placed in jail here on a charge of carrying concealed pistol but the ofoSASs are
The Montgomery advertiser., 1905-04-21
NOT CONSTITUTIONAL.
To Prevent a Man From Working over Eight Hours.
New York Dispatch.

New York Dispatch.
 In an opinion handed down today by Justice Peckham the Supreme Court of the United States held to be uncon- stitutional the New York State law making ten hours days work and sixty hours a weeks work in bakeries in that State.
 The law involved in the case is Sec tion 110 of the New York State labor law prescribing the hours of labor in bakeries in the, State Lochner Is found guilty of permitting an employe to work in his bakery more than sixty hours in a week and fined $50. The Judgment was affirmed by the NC"
 The Supreme Courts opinion dealt entirely with the constitutional ques- tion involved. Justice Peckham said that the law is not an act merely fix constitute a legal days work, but an absolute prohibition on the employer permitting, under any circumstances, more than ten hours work to be done
 The employe may desire to earn the extra money which would arise from his working more than the prescribed time. but this statute forbids the em- ployer from permitting the employe to earn it. It necessarily interferes with the right of contract between the em- ployer and employees concernlng the number of hours in which the latter may labor in the bakery of the em- ployer The general rights to make a contract in relation to his business is part of the liberty of the individual protected by the fourteenth amendment to the Federal Constitution. Under that provision no State can deprive any per son of life. liberty or property without due process of law. The right tS e purchase or to sell labor Is part or the liberty protected by this amend ment. unless there are circumstances which exclude the right
 '"The question whether this act is valid as a labor law pure and simple may be dismissed in a few words. There is no reasonable ground for in- terfering with the liberty of persons or the right of free contract by deter mining the hours of labor in the occu- patton of a baker Bakers are in no sense wards of the State. Viewed in the light of a purely labor law, with no reference whatever to the question or health, we think that law like the one before us involves neither the safety the morals, nor the welfare or the public and that the interest of the public is not in the slightest degree all feced by such an act.
 Tt is question of which Of two bower of the State to legislate or the right of the individual to liberty Of person and freedom of contract. The mere assertion that the subject relates to the public health does not neces- sarily render the enactment valid. The act must have more direct relation as a means to an end, and the end itselt must be appropriate and legitimate be- fore an act can be held to be valid which interferes with the general right of an individual to be free in his per son and in his power to contract m relation to his own labor. We think the limit of the police power has been reached and passed in this case.'
The Montgomery advertiser., 1905-04-21

confident he is wanted for a more serious crime.
 The annual convention of the Sacred Harp Singing Association of Etowah County will be held at Alliance Hall on the fifth Saturday and Sunday in this month.
 The newly elected city officials have gone to work in earnest about the paving of Broad Street in a substan- tial manner and Mayor Charles P. Smith and Alderman W. P. Lay have been absent from the city all the week on a tour of inspection to Birming- nam, Montgomery. Atlanta and other cities, Investigating the best means of paving and what steps 1t will be necessary to take. to carry out their intentions of paving Broad street, as we'll as the putting in of good side walks.
 W. L. whitely, a young man about twenty-five years old, who was injured in a railroad wreck in Georgia sev- eral motnhs ago and who has been in Alabama City several weeks in the in- terest of his law suit against the rail- road, died very suddenly last night. He was injured in the side by being knocked off of a high trestle and he was internally injured. His remains are being held awaiting advice from his relatives in Georgia.
 The Louisville and Nashville Rail- road has a large force of men at work reflooring the bridge across the Coosa River at this point. The travel over this bridge is something enormous and a new floor has to be put in every three or four months. It is becoming to be quite an item to the railroad people. Travel Is so heavy that slow time is made in putting down the new floor.
 Joe W. Hammond, member of the ore mining firm of Hammond Brothers, and prominent young business man, was the victim of an almost fatal accident at S:30 tins morning. MT. Hammond was coming to town in his automobile with the intention of going on the Elk'' boat excursion. As his car was coming up the steep approach to the Towr 1 Creek bridge on Fourth Street nls steering gear became uncoupled oi broke and the car took a sudden turr and went over a ten-foot embankment MT. Hammond was thrown violently | forward by the sudden descent and the speed controller pierced his thigh neal | the groin. When the wounded man was pulled off the controller particles oi | flesh adhered to 1t. He was giver prompt medical attention and physic 1 ians state he will recover. His escape from instant death is miraculous.
The Montgomery advertiser., 1905-04-21

Early in this month Mrs. Emma No Ian, in Chicago, shot and killed her husband Barney Nolan. On the trial 1t was shown that he had repeatedly beaten and kicked her and finally left her, but his brutal nature reasserted it. self and he went back and attempted to beat her again. This time she was prepared for him and shot him dead On these proven facts the jury prompt ly acquitted her and We think good peo- pie generally will agree that both Mrs. Nolan and the jury did the right thing. Wife beaters are hard to convict in court. In some States the wife is not permitted to testify against her hus- band, and even when the law permits 1t they will not do 1t in all cases. Some are afraid to give such evidence while others refuse because of love for a worthless husband or because they have forgiven him on his promise to do better. The plan adopted by Mrs. Nolan may be regarded as a severe one but 1t was effective. and was probably the on- ly means of saving her life. The inci- dent may be expected to discourage wife-beaters in Illinois.
The Montgomery advertiser., 1905-04-21
Two Jefferson Day Dinners |.

Lexington (Ky.) Herald.
 The Jefferson Day celebrations In New York and Chicago last week in- dicated the drift of sentiment in two factions of the Democratic party, In New York Judge Parker, as the prlncl- pal speaker, deprecated the tendencIes toward radicalism and the centraliza- tion of authority. He was neither very positive nor entirely clear Tn pro posing solutions of the problems that confront the country, but he seems ln- clined to apply to modern conditions the old Jeffersonian doctrine or the least possible government rms Ieaus him into opposition to the invasion CT the domain of private enterprise ny the public authority. While ne does not say so in direct terms, the infer ence is that he opposes munlclpaI own ership of street railways ana tele phones. and government ownership Of railroads and other natural monopo- lies. It Is evident, too, that ne re- gards President Roosevelts plan Tor the trusts as fraught with as much possibility for disaster as for oeneh- cent results.
 ThIs is the attitude of very con siderable element of the Democratic party, and doubtless even a greater and more powerful element of the Re publicans. In this view Of the purely industrial and commercial part or our domestic problems, there are many Re- publicans who prefer the Parker atti- tude to the Roosevelt attitude. 1t is a most significant feature or the sit- uation that this attitude Is anfagonls- tic to the President as well as to MT. Bryan and his followers.
 While Judge Parker in Now York was Waking his plea for conservatism Mir. Bryan and his followers in Chi cago, with the same Jefferson for q text, were preaching the doctrine of aggressive radicalism. Flushed with enthusiasm over the Chicago mpnici; for even a more radical policy than MT. Roosevelt has. been willing to urge. Their complaint against the President is not that he is meddling too much, but rather that he is not sufficiently aggressive; that his policy government is not sufficiently broad. They would have all cities follow the example of Chicago. They would nave the State and National governments extend this principle of public owner ship of certain natural monoPolles; and the Jefferson dinner in Chicago really represented not merely opQos-
The Montgomery advertiser., 1905-04-21
Mir. Foley fin Montgomery.

J. B. Foley. of Chicago, millionaire owner and manufacturer of a famous cough syrup, was in Montgomery yes- terday.
 Mir. Foley Is the owner of between 30,o00 and 10000 acres of land in Bald win County, and was yesterday on ms way there with a party of about twen- ty-five or thirty experienced farmers to settle on his lands and develop that part of the county.
 For some time MT. Foley has been tn- terested in Baldwin County, and he mas done much to develop that section of the State.
 While here MT. Foley paid visit to the State Capitol, called on the ofh- cials and discussed State affairs. He says he expects to continue to invest his money in Alabama.
The Montgomery advertiser., 1905-04-21
FRIDAY, APRIL 21, 1905.
JOHN PAUL JONES AGAIN,

Now that the name of John Paul Jones is again So prominently before the public, the query is again up as to why he changed his name from John Paul to John Paul Jones' The biogra- phies and cyclopedias say he changed his name for some unknown reason, and that is all they say about 1t. In the last issue of The Richmond Times-Dis- patch MT. E. L. Boiling has the follow ing explanation:
 The father of the American navy had a very good reason for taking the name of Jones. and the way 1t came about was in this wise: A Scotchman and a distant relative named Jones, lived in Virginia (near Fredericksburg, I think) and gave his property to a brother of that he should adopt the name of Jones' the Scotchman being childless When John Paurs brother died, he left the property to the future great naval ne- Ecotchman had to adopt the name of Jones. This is the way that John Paul assumed the name of John Paul Jones. written this in some work which I can't recall. cut the piece out and put It away in one of my book cases, work.
 This Is at least a plausible reason for 3 change of name which is usually as- cribed to mere whim of the imminent Scot, but those who are familiar with his history are not willing to believe that he would change without good reason. It is to be hoped that the au- shortly referred to by Mir Boiling may be produced, if 1t will settle the ques- ifion.
 While on the subject We note that a contemporary. the name of which has escaped us gives what may be at least a partial explanation of the scant cour-. tesy and attention paid Jones by the Americans who were in Paris at the time of his last sickness and death. That explanation is that Jones was a great admirer and bosom friend of Tom Paine, and was a convert to, or a be- 1iever in, Paine's infidelic or DeisticaI opinions. Notwithstanding his services to the cause of American Independence by his strong writings, 1t is certain that his religious belief. or unbelief made him unpopular with the American people, who still retained much of the Puritanism of the earlier days The further fact that a copy of voltaire's works was found by Paine's bedside added to the feeling against him. We have largely grown away from such H. liberal feelings, but in those days a man who was known to be in accord with Paine's ideas stood a good chance to be tabooed by society, and this may explain the apparent neglect of those who should have watched and tended him in his last illness. Even the United States Minister not only neglected him but failed to attend his funeral.
 These matters belong to an almost forgotten period of our countrys histo- ". but the reported finding of his body. and the certainty that, if the report is true. the remains will be brought over and rest in American soil. will arouse renewed interest in him and his roman- tic career. The almost forgotten Life of John Paul Jones'" by William Gil- more Sims. published sixty years ago, would be an interesting book now, if copy can be found. as would other Lives of the famous fighter.
The Montgomery advertiser., 1905-04-21
sidewalk PeneiIines
ReckIess BicycIe Ridiug.

The tragic death of my friend Ros- COG German in Atlanta, being run down by bicycle, reminds me-" said Mont gomery man, that unless we do some thing to regulate the reckless young sters of Montgomery, a similar tragedy will be recorded here
 This afternoon I saw a negro boy riding bicycle fully twenty miles an hour on Perry Street. Noiselessly he flashed into Dexter Avenue within an inch of striking a lady at the crossing. If the wheel had struck her every bone in her body would nave been broken.
 Every day I observe the reckless ness of bicycle riders. The police do rot seem to pay any attention to them although there must be an ordinance to cover such dangerous practice.
The Montgomery advertiser., 1905-04-21

We are now gravely assured by one of the Chicago professional cranks that man has reached his highest stage of development and is now bound to peter out, if we may so express it. We have little doubt but that the ancient Greeks had the same ideas about the perfcc- tion of the human race and believed that they had reached the very topmost height of human perfection, but this Chicago professor. we are pretty sure. will not admit that he isn't a few laps ahead of them. and there are others of the same way of thinking. However, as 1t will require some millions of years for man to go out of business we needn't worry about it.
The Montgomery advertiser., 1905-04-21
Dr. Abbe Saw Mayor Carr.

pr. Robert Abbe. the famous New sessions of the State Medical Associa- tion. examined Mayor Thomas H. Carr yesterday and gave a very encourage ing report of his condition.
 By invitation Dr. Abbe visited Mir Carr, who has been i'll several months at his home on South Court Street. and scientific examination was made of the distinguished patient.
 While Dr. Abbe did not give out a public opinion of the Mayors condition, it is understood that he assured mem bers of the Carr family that the Mayor would regain his good health and that his present condition showed progress toward recovery.