davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Aberdeen Democrat. (Aberdeen, South Dakota) 1???-1909, 1905-01-27
Houshton

We regret to learn that Mrs. Spur
is ailing and under the doctors care
but hope she will be around again in
few days. The excessive cold
weather we are having now is very
trying TO one OF her age.
A. NJ. Mitchell and Peter Hedblom
went to Aberdeen on business last
Saturday.
The next meeting Of the Mite So
ciety will be at the home OF Mr.. and
Mrs. w w. Della on Friday, Febru-
airy 3rd.
VIM. Morrison who lived here at
one time was in town recently. 1t
seems he did not get married to the
woman at Aberdeen as was reported.
Mr.. Congdon arrived from the
Cheyenne reservation on Monday hay
ing drive n a bunch Of nearly 40 horses
up with HIM. We understand Mrs
CoEgdon and children will not put in
an appearance for some time to come.
There will be a meeting Of the lit
erary society at the school house in
Houghton on Friday the 9th.
The Mite Society met last Friday
evening with Mr.. and Mrs De La.
There was a large attendance whoap -
peared to enjoy Themselves, which
goes to prove that the program was
good. The eatables were relished, l
Judge, from the noise some of the
folks made.
The Aberdeen Democrat. (Aberdeen, South Dakota) 1???-1909, 1905-01-27
INDExING o
The Custom IL an Old One That De-
vel0ped Rather Slowly.

The Custom IL an Old One That De-
veloped Rather Slowly.
The custom of indexing books devel-
oped gradually. Cicero used the word
"index," but in the sense Of a table of
contents. Seneca provided some works
which he sent to a friend with notes of
particular passages. 80 that he who
>~iu aimed at the useful might be
spared the trouble OF examining tnem
entire" This was at least a partial
index" in the modern sense. Ammo
tated. or at least explanatory, tables Of
contents seem to have preceded the In
dex proper.
Such tables followed the order of ap-
pearance of the subjects in the book
itself. Alphabetical arrangement,
which was the beginning of the real In
dex, appears not to have been thought
Of until the invention of printing, and
even then it spread but slowly. Eras-
mus wal one Of the first to provide his
works with alphabetical indexes, The
custom did not become universal I'M
I'll well into the sixteenth century.
The first index to an English book Is
said to be that printed in Polydore
vergiIs "Angliae Historiae," in 1916.
An edition Of this work published ten
years later hasl an index Of thirty-seven
pages.
The Aberdeen Democrat. (Aberdeen, South Dakota) 1???-1909, 1905-01-27

They Are Fearful Of Speed ana .
Magnificent Spectacle.

They Are Fearful Of Speed ana q
Magnificent Spectacle.
Snowslides are most frequent on
steep mountains that have a heavy
snowfall. With a billowy train Of
snow dust boiling out behind and over
turning or crushing almost everything
before they make an awful and mag
nifcent spectacle. Their speed is some
times so great that trees alongside are
overturned by the swamping force Of
the air which the slide has violently
disturbed.
There are many well authenticated
instances where miners have been
caught on the surface Of a slide and by
dexterous use Of their skees have kept
on top Of the engulfng surface of the
slide and come out uninjured. John
Muir once rode down from the high
Sierra on a snowslide. He was swish
ed back down in a minute over a dis
lance that had taken all day to climb.
One day while climbing up a steep
snowy slope a slide started beneath
me, and for a time l was on the sur
face Of Its upper edge, where the snow
was about two feet deep. Wading a
torrent will give some idea Of the sweep
Of the coasting snow. The snow dust
steamed and boiled up around me. and
each time l struggled to my feet the
rushing snow simply jerked my feet
from beneath me. At last, almost
smothered, l was dropped off the back
end upon bare ground.-Enos A.. Mills
In Harper's Weekly.
The Aberdeen Democrat. (Aberdeen, South Dakota) 1???-1909, 1905-01-27
Bath

Louis Msspell, who went to Cali
ifornia late in the fall, recently re-
turneu to get some South nakota
temperature to even up the winter
with.
Ralph Helmka is somewhat indis-
posed with . bad cold.
John Gray, the agent of the 9. M.
&sSt.P. b. r. here is not stuck on
the town, for he selected q life part
,neF from Minnesota and went TO
Aberdeen to have his act legalized.
The literary society wiz hold .
meetlng In the school house Friday
evening Of this week, In additionsto
the program of an entertaining ne
ture, the question Of sthe ~ visabihty
Epf the primary election idea, will be
discussed b0mewh1t.
sk.Ainna.Nh alcx&tA1kasshspNs1lc
Esn6xrer andhad To ca1ra physician.
The Aberdeen Democrat. (Aberdeen, South Dakota) 1???-1909, 1905-01-27
Frederick
From Frederick Free Press.

EEOu ICuCllCh ClCO4 .
Abraham West of Savo township is
reported to have recently purchased
a fine young black Percheron stallion.
The price paid was $1,000
Miss Margaret Howell opened a
kindergarten school on Monday inthe
front room of j. j. Maunn's house on
Main street. Eight little ones were
enrolled the first day aud are becom-
ing much interested in their play
work.
M. Gorder received letter yester-
day announcing the death Of his
mother, Mrs. Martha Tangen, at Ely
erum. Norway, on Dec. Both. On ac-
count of relatives living at a distance
the burial did not occur until Janu-
arp 18th, the ninetieth anniversary of
her birth.
Our cattle feeders are having a hard
time to get corn as fast as they need
it. Daulton g. Howell are feeding $50
head and now use about $50 bushels a
day and Ace Webster is using a large
quantity also. Mosto of the corn comes
from the southern part OF the state
The Aberdeen Democrat. (Aberdeen, South Dakota) 1???-1909, 1905-01-27
MACARoNl.
One Story of the Origin Of the Name
and tho nlah

One Story of the Origin Of the Name
and the Dish.
A great many stories are in existence
about the origin of the word 'macaro-
MI and the invention of the dish SO
designated. According to u author
ity, a drunken chef employed by one Of
the nopes was responsible both for the
name and the dish. he was preparing
a souftle for the papal soup, and, hav-
ing taken considerably more than a
drop too much. he went On stirring the
-four until the souft1e vas of the con-
sistency of hard tack. The assistant
chef. knowing that his holiness was
not overpatient about things pertain
ing to the table, ventured to call the
attention Of his chef to this fact, and
the latter, being q resourceful man, de-
cided to make a paste instead Of q
soufle.
He waited the result with some anx-
iety and responded to a call to appear
before his holiness with considerable
perturbation. Visions of a stay In the
papal dungeon rose before him. and
when the pontif asked. with a smiling
face, for the name of the wonderful
paste served in the soup he was too
nervous to think of a name. my caro-
(my favorite)' he replied at last, and
the pontiff. not catching the words ex-
actly. said: "Macaroni? Well, in future
never serve me a meal without q dish
Of Observation-Disclosures Sentinel.
The Aberdeen Democrat. (Aberdeen, South Dakota) 1???-1909, 1905-01-27
HNfhu

Mr.. and Mrs. Amos Bacon were
guests at the home Of John Kane
Wednesday eve.
Miss Ina Tyler visited friends north
Of town Thursday.
Fred Kemp is now at GreenVille,
Mich. While at Chicago expert doc
tors told him his arm would be all
right in time.
Mr.. and Mrs l.. Anderson spent
'Sundayfeve with Jas. Richards and
family.
From a letter Received here we
learn that Mr.. and Mrs. B. f. Devils,
neeJessie Tasker, are the parents Of
young son.
Miss Ferguson's illness became so
serious friends were summoned and
she was taken to Aberdeen Friday
where she is now at St. Luke,s.
There she will undergo an operation,
which her friends all hope may prove
successful.
Miss Daisy Moore of Groton has
been secured to finish our school
term.
Harry Benson was interviewing our
citizens Wedne day in the interest of
Watkins remedies.
Amos HARE and family entertained
a number Of friends Sunday. They
were Sflas Gould and wife, Kate and
Dollie Kanaly, Mr.. and Mrs. John
Cain. Will Hosley, Bernard Sullivan
and CT. H.Cafn and family,
Sadie McArdle Of Aberdeen was in
our city Friday. called there by the
illness Of Miss Ferguson.
Nj. and Mrs. VIM. Brown were at
Riverside Friday, guests of Mr..
Browns brotheps Marsh.
The dance at War Gibbs was a very
pleasant affair. A large crowd was
present. Good music, plenty Of eat
ables-how could it be otherwise.
The Aberdeen Democrat. (Aberdeen, South Dakota) 1???-1909, 1905-01-27
OneOta

The mercury stood at 20 below zero
Tuesday morning.
Dc Vaughan has been confined to
ibis be during the past week.
Frank Callaghan has returned from
N. D. where he has been working on
a well rig
Mr.. VIM. Cole and Myron Mincks of
WestpGrt attended the literary Sat-
urday evening.
The Literary drew a fine crowd
Saturday evening.
The divorce case between Mr.. and
Mrs. Furgeson is still pending but
will be completed in the circuit
court on next Saturday evening.
The question for debate next time
is as follows: "Resolved that people
hre justified in having labor unions
vNr. Moffat and Mr.. johnson are the
leaders. The helpers are Mr.. Keller,
Mrs. Keller, Mrs. Fletcher and Mrs
Johnson.
Mr.. Lynn Dickey and Miss Aileena
Keller attended the dance in Freder.
lex Friday evening, also the oyster
supper Saturday eve.
Y While in Frederick Saturday, Miss
AAileena Keller visited her brother
IFloyd in Glendale between trains.
4 Miss Edith Strachan is visiting Ii
Putney these days.
The trial: Guyer VS.. Keller came of
in Frederick, Tuesday.
The Aberdeen Democrat. (Aberdeen, South Dakota) 1???-1909, 1905-01-27
Columbia

George Nelson, chicken fancler, re-
ports his blooded biddies to be doing
the proper thing in the way Of egg
laying, even II the weather is a little
on the frosty order.
. Miss Katie Kanaly who has been
teaching school at McIntoch county
is home. q
kThere was a very enjoyable hop last
Friday night at Mr.. Ringerberg's
west Of town. Sylvester Days string
band furnished the music.
. Miss Fern Hays was obliged to
close her school last week by reason
OF several cases OF grippe.
Rev. @. Knoll came up on the freight
Saturday, going to Brainard where he
held services inthe forenoon, going
to Liberty in the afternoon. He
spends the whole week in Liberty in
structing a class for confirmation.
+. x. Hoensler, a friend of Father
Feldmaido and a student at ST. Paul
seminary is out visiting here for a
week.
Another successful surprise party
came of on Tuesday eveningof this
week. It occurred at the pleasant
home Of Mr.. ind Mrs. John Gaskin.
The. occasion was the iftieth ami
versary OF Mr.. Gaskin's birthday.
The Aberdeen Democrat. (Aberdeen, South Dakota) 1???-1909, 1905-01-27

The. young folks are to give August
knie a surprise Wednesday night by
appearing In force at his home to spend
the evening and enjoy its hospitality.
Reah Jones has been under the
weather for a few DAYS having been
confined to the house since Sunday.
The son Of William Williams, Of
Aberdeen was inferred in the GENE
terry Tuesday.
Margaret Morgan wentsto McPher-
son county Saturday to teach school
IN the vicinity of Leola.
Miss Minnie Cummings rode her
wheel ont from Aberdeen Sunday to
visit her old home here, now owned
by her brother William.
The Aberdeen Democrat. (Aberdeen, South Dakota) 1???-1909, 1905-01-27
Putney

Smith Bros. have sold out their bust
ness here to Bowman Bros. Of Groton.
Z Miss Edith Strachan, who has beenN
Visiting Miss Winifred Smith, has re.
turned to her home near Frederick.
. Miss Florence Sieh spent Saturday
aud Sunday at her home heal James.
Miss Winifred Smith entertained
over forty Of her young friends at her
pleasant home on Friday evening last
The rooms were tastefully decorated
with carnations and ferns. Progress
siye cinch was INDUCED in until the
supper when a dainty lunch was
served, after which the young folks
trippeds the light fantasticruntil morn
ing.
Miss Olive Honey is teaching her
first term of school in the Holland dis
tlict. We wish her success in the
kwork which she has chosen.
Lewis Sieh and George Smith Jr.
came from Aberdeen Friday morning
to attend the party at the Smith home
In the evening.
Mr.. VIM. Wheldon is visiting in
Aberdeen.
u Miss Florence Haire spent Sunday
at home. We hear that she is very
successful with her school at Clare.
mont.
n Little Eddie Olsen is quite sick with
the throat disease which seems to be
epidemic here this winter.
The Aberdeen Democrat. (Aberdeen, South Dakota) 1???-1909, 1905-01-27

given by the NJ. w. A., of Hecla on
Thursday evening last.
L. H. Hurlbert lost one OF his
horses in an open well recently.
Klaus tiolen aud family s, ent Sun
day with Mr. and Mrs. Schwarting.
SD. Zeller and Klaus Holen are
each feeding a carload of steers and
each have a fine bunch Of cattle.
The Aberdeen Democrat. (Aberdeen, South Dakota) 1???-1909, 1905-01-27
R0ndeM

Rev Chas. M. Daley held a good
service in the Robinson schoo house
last Sunday. Should the weather be
.propitiOus In February, he may hold
special meetings in this vicinity.
Len Robinson, returned to Wiscon-
sin last Thursday.
MI. and Mrs. Frank Dodge are royal
entertainers and the Kings Daugh-
tiers and their husbands enjoyed their
hospitality last Thursday. The next
meeting will be held at Mrs. John
Neils' on Feb. End. Let there be a
good attendance.
Miss Edna Olsen has been suffering
from an attack Of grippe, but returned
to her school duties Monday morning.
Chaplin Daley gave a fine lecture on
the Philippines at the hall Monday
evening and it was appreciated by all
present.
Grace Ashford spent Saturday with
her parents returning to the Normal
on Sunday.
Mrs. Olsen and her brother, J. R.
Harrington went to Condo, Tuesday to
visit with Mrs. l.. w. Putnam.
The Kings Daughters r planning
on holding an anniversary meeting on
Feb. 10th. A more complete an
nouncement will be made later.
The Aberdeen Democrat. (Aberdeen, South Dakota) 1???-1909, 1905-01-27
what the Hand symboli.es.

Look where we will. we find the
hand in time and history, working,
building. inventing. bringing civiliza-
ton out of barbarism. The hand SYM
bolizes power and the excellence of
work. The mechanics hand. that min
lister Of elemental forces. the hand that
hews. saws. cuts. builds. is useful in
the world equally with the delicate
hand that paints a wild flower or
molds a Grecian urn or the hand Of a
statesman that writes a law. The eye
cannot say to the hand. Il have no
need of thee Blessed be the hand.
Thrice blessed be the hands that work!
Helen Keller in Century.
The Aberdeen Democrat. (Aberdeen, South Dakota) 1???-1909, 1905-01-27

DR.. Boardman of Cakes. came down
Friday in the interests Of the G. 4 N.
w r r. He. with DR.. Deerfz and
Frank vanHorn called upon NJ. s.
Rnver who was injured 2 weeks ago.
Mr.. Bowers condition shows little inns
Drovemenf, and Grave doubts are en-
tertained az his cnmnlete recovery
II, Ia said that he settled with the
company for $500
i Heiman. Angus" and G.. Hubert.
lanes Monen, O. Colstock went To
Aberdeen Monday forsthe hearing OF
George Hubert. Ed T.ahman and son
also went down. Az the hearing he
fore Justice Jones George Hubert was
hound over to circuit court under 5000
bail which wasspromptly raised and
the young man released VanSlyke
and Crowfoot represented the accused.
C. and e. Dedrickon made a trip to
Aberdeen In the interestiof the Ded-
rickson Brothers. Company. They
own nearly three sections Of improved
farming and grazing land. The farms
are all well equipped with machinery
and horses. They now own a good
sized bunch of cattle and are buying
hogs for fattening now. The affairs
OF the company are in first class con
dition and in their trip about $4,000
was expended.
A. E. Garhart 'of the anti-salon
league will hold services on Sunday in
the interests Of that organization.
Any who haveever heard him know
him to be a %forceful and interesting
speaker and he should draw a large
audience.
r. Twaddies took a business trip
south for a. few days this week,
Mrs. GAMER, OF Frederick, is visiting
her mother, Mrs. Cusick, for a week.
Mr.. GAMER has disposed Of the hotel
at Frederick.
Three members of the Kobuke fam.
lily were almost overcome with coal
gas Saturday night. Misses Maggie,
Emma and Maude were the unlucky
ones but are all recovered.
Thelocal camp Of the Modern.Wood
men Of America iniated several new
social and beneficiary members Thurs
day night. A 1ousing good time wa.
enjoyed by all.
j. W. Hays hes secued a position a.
attendant at the asylum for the in
sane at jamestown.
A pleaant surprise was given the
BengstOn boys at their home just easl
of town Saturday eAening. All wer,
royalty entertained and enjoyed
very pleasant evening.
The Aberdeen Democrat. (Aberdeen, South Dakota) 1???-1909, 1905-01-27


Guy Inscho attended the dance at
Westport Friday night.
Mr.. and Mrs John Won Eschen
spent several days with home folks
recently.
Mrs. Al Walker visited with rela-
tfves "a Leila last week.
George Stone was a caller at Emil
Won Eschen's Friday
Frank Mattison Of Westport was
calling in Carlisle Sunday. Must be
some attraction out here.
Quite a number attended the birth
dav partv at the Koch home last Sat-
urdav night and all seemed to enjoy
themselves.
The Aberdeen Democrat. (Aberdeen, South Dakota) 1???-1909, 1905-01-27
virtue. Quick Reward.

"Nothing ever better illustrated to
me-" remarked the doctor. "the old
adage. Virtue is its own reward than
an experience l had the other day.
Called for the first time to a patient
who was desperately i'll In addition to
being penniless. l gave her S. with
which to purchase the necessities Of
life. The next morning ! received a
note from her not to call again. Later
I learned she had called In a homeo-
pathic physician. to whom she paid a
fee Of 50. and with the remainder Of
my charitable contribution she paid a
monthly installment on a photograph"
New York Press.
The Aberdeen Democrat. (Aberdeen, South Dakota) 1???-1909, 1905-01-27
Berne

Miss Susie Lovelace Of Westport
a pleasant caller at the home Of
Miss Elsie Walker Wednesday last.
Geo. Broadbent and Ray Namock
visited a few days last week with the
Walker brothers
The many friends Of Chas. Agor
will be sorry to hear he Is suffering
with nervous prostratton at his home
10 Kankakee, illinois.
Arthur Broadbent and aunt drove
to Westport Saturday.
The Aberdeen Democrat. (Aberdeen, South Dakota) 1???-1909, 1905-01-27
hecla

and Mrs. Charles Getty are.
Prtably located in the II Schultz
nee. Charles refuses to tear
from old associations and they
King their meals at the Arling-
, Zada Cusick has been on the
ist this week.
lriff Cole came up on the freight
sday. He returned with George
~ who is charged with destroy
psulators on telephone poles east
wn. The officers have made
complaints that their property
zen molested and several other
rs will probably follow soon.
annual skating partysheld near
nays ranch occurred Friday
.'nR. Several loads Of young reo-
rove to the Hays home andspent
nours'skating on thu river after
2 they repaired TO- the bonse
re pit" and other games were en-
! until an early. hour. a delight
upper was served by Mrs. Hays
..ed by Mrs. Leu Hays. This
aJ Is anfinir.A@A
The Aberdeen Democrat. (Aberdeen, South Dakota) 1???-1909, 1905-01-27

Coronation over 500 years ago. The
whole is of pure gold, except the set.
tngs. and weighs nine marks six
ounces. almost exactly fourteen
pounds. The settings above alluded to
consist Of SO %sapphires. so rubies. l EN-.
erald and 1888 pearls. 1t will be noticed
that there are no diamonds among
these precious ~adornments. This is &C.
counted for by the oft quoted story of
Stephens aversion to such gems be-
cause he considered them '.unluckY."
The Aberdeen Democrat. (Aberdeen, South Dakota) 1???-1909, 1905-01-27
Liberty

Jake Frohling has been a sufferer
with neuralgia in his head for the
past week or ten days.
Pony Wilmsen, Fred Tyson E. A.
Clark and their families spent Sum
day with 3. A. Wilmsen.
On Jan. 18th there arrived at the
home OF Mr.. and M rs. Jake Wilberts,
IA son, which makes the l4th child.
born to the happy parents.
MI. and Mrs. 2. a. Wilmsen and
Mr.. and Mrs. John Strobele attended
the public Installation and banquet
The Aberdeen Democrat. (Aberdeen, South Dakota) 1???-1909, 1905-01-27
Mansfield

Will Patten has moved his feed
mill to town and will soon be pre-
pared to do all kinds OF custom grind
ing.
MIR. and Mrs. Will Hollenbeck we're
up from Worthwhile Saturday.
Ben Hollenbeck has come home
from school.
There will be a dance in the M. w,
A. hall Friday evening January q.
The Aberdeen Democrat. (Aberdeen, South Dakota) 1???-1909, 1905-01-27
Anecdote Of Levi. Carroll.

Canon Liddon wrote this in his diary
concerning an incident Of a holiday tour
he took with his friend. Charles L.
Dodgson. better known as Lewis Car
roll: "Dodgson was overcome by the
beauty Of Cologne cathedral. I found
him leaning against the rails Of the
choir and sobbing like a child. When
the verger came to show Us over the
chapels he got out Of the way. He
said that he could not bear the hArsh
voice Of the man in the presence Of 70
much beauty"
The Aberdeen Democrat. (Aberdeen, South Dakota) 1???-1909, 1905-01-27

Robert Watcnorn, Commissioner OF
immigration at Montreal, has been ap-
pointed commissioners Of immigration
at Ellis island. NeN York, TO- succeed
William Williams, resiened.
The Aberdeen Democrat. (Aberdeen, South Dakota) 1???-1909, 1905-01-27
/ farmers EXCHANGE Column

column without charge sX times in each year.. All lads Inserted reg will e
limited to twenty words; bnt larger ads may be inserted by paying n cent a
fol each additional word. To all others a charge of one cent a word each
Insertion will be made. No ads inserted for less than lc AM a anna.ri in
the American and Democrat and if paid ads, for the same charge.
The Aberdeen Democrat. (Aberdeen, South Dakota) 1???-1909, 1905-01-27
The Hunxnrtan crow.

The Hungarian crown worn at their
accession by the emperors Of Austria
y kings Of Hungary Is the identical
eaAmede-for StAphen and used at his
The Aberdeen Democrat. (Aberdeen, South Dakota) 1???-1909, 1905-01-27
RESPONDENTS

ukUI VVVkuIV
|Westport
has a new clerk The
Tho stands behind the
fine business education,
of commsrsialg expert
usual business shrewd-
Dung maids OF the village
ssary to make several
Friele's store before
hopping is completed.
hat Mr.. Young Sr. who
b. the west about two
Is highly gratified With
nents Of Portland, Ore
Lends to spend til rest
the Pacific seaboard.
min, present incumbent
easurship, has lately sew
siness connection with
Mr.. Ward Of Aberdeen
led his lumber business
troll it with Mr.. Mcbride
Mr.. Benjamin did very
d we wish Mr.. Ward the
Nsrregang and her friend
from Mellette, visited
last Monday for q brief
Smith will remain in
ew days as the guest OF
NarreRang.
hard Mildbrant Of the
eal department. has been
or some time. Latest re-
TO indicate that he had.
|ptoms Of typhoid pneu-
bung and Callaghan were
to locate the rem
rabbits last Sunday. The
IS now hold the missils
|e designed for the little
|ttieon was entertained by
last Tuesday even
|oung people assembleds in
q rooms OF Mr.. Lynn Mar
knuary 23rd and enjoyed
Immensely Ia the particle
James, puzzles, music and
Fmnastics. Mr.. Narregang
- injected a spicy story OF
b the proceedings when
slight indications Of the
Eof the evening waning.
legiven at the hall Jan
ccess in every particular.
4as not advertised as ex'
desired by the managers,
bring towns were quite
bented. We have been
h securing musical talent
deem for the ball dated
I will expect all who take
exercising themselves In
Rr to come and have theil
IDLY happiness filled.
by rabbits did you bag:
'rr0gation is thurst into
Ow'S ears who comes into
a gun on his shoulder nov
stion which was discussed
esdav evening was decided
4 the negative. Bone OF
] for this week willsbe RI
hat men are better fitted
professions than women,'
lative side of the issue viii
ented exclusively by mer
by women.
Vaughan of the de
), language and literature
quite sick for the past week
st reports we ascertain tina,
e able to resume work Mon
etcher met with quite
cident last Wednesday. n,
etc of parts and was demon
'hat he could do at higl
'hen he fell on his right arm
g his right wrist. We lear.
injured member is mendinl
WY.
IN Narregang4wHl move OH.
% in NJ rich. Lynn say
like getting back t
;iples.
nerIa