davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Saint Paul globe., 1905-04-30

the southern classification In general I'm
ehe tnree main class---OstJion lists. COM
modlties are classed according IN Tho
amount OF space they occupy. their value
ana tho expense to the railroad OF carry
ing them
The traffic manager. the man who fix
es the fraight rate tariff for \ railroad
Is one Of the highest paid officers OF the
road. He has under him an expert stan
Oh assistants. who are always studying
ana testing In the matter OF rates. The
trainc manager OF the New Haven road
Tor instance. not only must fix the rate
from each OF its GAG stations to all the
otner sections OF the country. He must
De an economic barometer. He cannot. in
making his rate. consider merely local
commercial conditions, but must look
closely to the general market conditions
Nor can he be guided solely by the COM
petition OF water routes or OF other rail-
ROADS. but he must consider also the
competition maDufs cturers along his fer
ritory have to meet. and intercIty COM
petition In the same lines OF commercial
eIIort III his rates discriminate in favor
Oh one community against another, the
manufactures OF that community fall
away and the business of the road suf-
fers Ii his rates are too low. the roads
earnings are directly affected; IL too
nigh. trade languishes in his terrttorv
and the roads earnings slump.
In short, IL IS the business OF the traf-
nc manager to seek that elusive thing.
the right, fair and equitable rate. AS
the freight business OF the railroads of
the country comprises seYen-tenths of
their earnings. the Importance OF this
task Is easily seen And the traffic man
ager Is not creator. but an interpre-
ter or economic conditions. He Is not a.
free agent. As Gen. z. p. Alexander
writes C'The American Railway" Scrib-
ners, p. I'D: 1T would be a more ac-
curate expression to say, not that these
ofncers ohe traffic manager and his as
slstants) nix the rates, for IL they did
few railroads would ever fan. but that
they accept and announce the rates that
are nxed by conditions OF competition
between different markets and products
and between different railroads and wa
ter lines Among these complex forces
railroad freight agent is nearly as
powerless to regulate rates as a professor
OF grammar is to regulate the irregu-
larities OF English verbs"
The traffic manager must possess a
rare sense of economic proportion and a
remarkable adaptability to particular
conditions. The railroad prospers or
fails through him. In proportion to the
fairness Of his rate tariffs the business
OF the road Increases. The prosperity of
the freight business OF the railroad is in
terwoven with the prosperity OF the COM
munities on it's line. and the traffic man.
ayers loyalty to his road and his eff
cheney as a traffic manager depend on
his success in making fair and equitable
rates. His task Is the supreme puzzle OF
railroading the momentousness of which
is indicated by the statement OF Presi-
dent Mellen Of the New Haven road, that
the amount spent each year in adjust
Ing freight rates by any OF the great
railroads is greater than tho entire ex-
penses OF the interstate commerce COM
mission
The Saint Paul globe., 1905-04-30
SPRING LUNCHEON.

Another May luncheon may well utilize
the pansies which are everywhere both
In city and country In May. A low
mound OF them growing. with their leaves
always is lovely. either in purple. or in
yellow. or In the two colors mixed Or. it
one wishes to have strawberry luncheon
while the fruit Is still delicious novelty
OF the spring, one may have a centerpiece
embroidered In Strawberries and use a
slender silver vase Of red carnations up
on 1t and have the other linen and lace
on the table all in white the strawberry
idea reappearing at intervals in the meal
Strawberry cocktail.
Almond soup with whipped cream and
hot waters.
Radishes. salted nuts, olives.
Crab meat, Newburg, served In green
peppers.
strawberry croquettes
French chops with asparagus: pease ana
nav potatoes.
tomato and mushroom salad: cream
cheese and waters.
strawberry Ice or Jelly with cream and
whole fruit. Cakes.
Coffee; frosted Strawberries.
-Harper's Bazaar.
The Saint Paul globe., 1905-04-30

leopards and other members Of the cat
family which prey upon the monkey
tribes.
The Chimpanzees would make quick
work OF the animal trainer who invaded
their ranks in the African forests for the
purpose OF making them captives were
ne to attack them In a body. Those who
make practice OF capturing wild ami
mails for circus purposes know the habits
OF the Chimpanzees so well that they lie
In wait on the outskirts OF their settle
ments and net the stragglers. II they
were to attempt to stampede the Chimpan-
zees ana lariat them as the COWBOYS do
the coyotes In the West they would
PROBABLY be eaten alive by the monkeys.
The Negritos have nothing which IN
any way remotely resembles civilization.
The picture used I'm the accompanying
Illustration is OF a rather intelligent type
or NeTrito Some Of those seen in ST.
Louis had their heads covered with thick
kinky hair. and their faces were over
grown with rough. knotty beard. Alto
gether they presented a repulsive appear
ance. and were far lower in the scale OF
human intelligence than the IgOrots. who
Toasted upon dogs for the edification Of
Worlds Fair visitors.
The Negritos proved themselves skill
ful with the bow and arrow and could
knock down pieces of money at a dis
tance OF twenty yards almost everv shot
They were also great climbers. going up
trees almost with the agility and rapidity
Of the squirrel. They learned very quick
ly to love money. and IN that respect
showed the first effects of contact with
civilization.
The gap between the chimpanzeo and
the Negrito does not seem to be a worry
wide one-in fact. nothing like so wide
as the gap between the NegIito and tho
The Saint Paul globe., 1905-04-30

and weight on the bill OF lading. attach
ing the signature of the freight agent
thereto If the goods are prepaid, he
writes prepaid on the bill. and the
cashier marks on 1t the amount he has
received.
on a single commodity Is q simple mat
ter. so far as the freight agent is con-
cerned-for indeed he has merely to pick
Il out of a book-fxing the rates original
ly Is the most delicate and complicated
task with which q railroad has TO deal.
The Official Classification List" is in
use east OF the Mississippi and north of
the Ohio and Potomac Rivers. Its use is
the result OF gradual agreement among
the railroads operating in that territory
u secure uniform basis for rate-making
The list Is compiled, revised and super
vised by a committee. with headquarters
in New York, composed of representatives
OF all the carriers operating in the terri
tory. The committee meets once a year.
and receives On the average about six
hundred suggestions for changes in the
classification. made by persons interest
ed. each of which suggestions must be
considered with great care.
Until 1887 nearly every railroad had a
classification OF its own. The natural
course In railroad evolution has been
toward uniformity and simplicity, and now
most business Is handled under one of
three classifications. The Southern
Classification" is in operation south of
the Ohio and east OF the Mississippi: and
west Of the Mississippi the western
Classification" rules. These two classi-
ncations are under the control of com
mittees, similar to the committee for the
official. Some of the through business m
and from Pacific coast points is done nm
der classification issued by the Trans
continental Freight bureau, with head
| quarters at San Francisco. and I'm addI-
ton, In several States, such as Illinois
ana Georgia, classifcations are prescribed
by State Railroad Commissions for
| traffic entirely within the State bound
aries.
In the Southern and Western classinca-
tions freight is divided into ten classes
In the official only six classes are pro-
vided, but the grouping is really into
double that number. The classes of a
single commodity often differ in the
three classifications. For instance. cot
ton piece goods are rated first class in
western classification territory, third
class In the official and fifth class I'm the
southern. This Is due to the fact that
IN the East. and more particularly in the
South, these goods are the product of
the section. and 1t is to the interest of
the roads to foster the Industry, while
IN the West. where there are no cotton
mills. the goods become much more val
liable relatively to other products class
ified. These economic differences In
community in different portions of the
country have proved so irrenconciIable
that all attempts to establish q uniform
classification for the country have failed.
At present. when goods are sent from
the territory Of one classification to that
of another. they are generally classed ac-
cordirg to the classification of the terri
tory in which the greater part Of the
hauling Is done. Thus. goods are shipped
from New Haven to New Orleans under
The Saint Paul globe., 1905-04-30

alive in this climate only by the greatest
OF care and skill.
The brain of the chimDanzee Is COM
posed of the same kind of tissues as are
found I'm the human brain. In some for
eign medical colleges the brain OF these
animals is used for class demonstrations
in preference to the human brain.
Here Is another evidence of similarity
between the chimpanzee and the human
being:
The chimpanzee. according 10 re-
searches made by DR.. R. B. II. Gradwohl,
OF st. Louis has a vermiform appendix.
Yes. and the chimpanzee dies of ap-
pendicitis Just as We human beings are
wiped out of existence by Inflammation
of this useless appendage to our internal
ANATOMY.
There are no surgeons among the CHM
Danzee tribes in Africa to lay the ap-
pendicitis sufferer across a table ana re-
move the troublesome little member and
thus save the life. There Is little dotrbt,
however. IL they inhabited a country
where surgery ranks as one of the great
hfe-prolonging sciences they would be
saved from death by this terrible dis
ease Tie internal organism of the Chin
panzee is strikingly like that OF human
beings.
The Negritos have no homes. They are
wanderers among the wilds OF the Philip
pine Islands. living far back in the noun
tainS.
There are only about 5000 Negritos In
existence now. and IT is possible that
within the course OF a few generations
they will become extinct.
In some respects they resemble the
monkey. They use their feet in climbing
trees much the same as monkeys do.
They have language of their own, and
Willie they are Of very low order OF
intellect. vet they can be made to un-
derstand by those who have mastered
their language. The champanzees have no
The Saint Paul globe., 1905-04-30
HOW FREIOMT RATES ARE FIXED

Ii freight In the Eastern portion
n Of the United States, Is divided
~ into six classes. These divisions
are made in the Official Classi-
fication." a book of AS pages, crammed
with the names of all conceivable COM
modities that railroad may be called on
to transport. A glance at the list re-
minds one of the walrus In "Alice In
Wonderland" who talked
''of many things.
OF shoes-and ships-and sealing-waX
And cabbageS-and kings"
1t contains, in alphabetical order. such
diverse commodities as cattle guards and
chewing gum, hair crimpers and hearses,
mustard seed and merry-go-rounds, mar
BILE statuary and dress stays, steam
yachts and yardsticks.
When a shipper asks for a rate the
freight agent first turns to his Classh-
cation List, which contains the names OF
commodities and their class, and then to
his Freight Tariff Schedule, in which he
may find the rate for the transportation
of commodities of any class from his sta
ton to any. point on the railroad. The
Classification List is the freight AGENT 5
Bible; the Freight Tariff Schedule his
eXegesis
Let us suppose that shipper in New
York wishes to send some crates Of
crockery aggregating 200 pounds in weight
to consignee in New Haven. The shipper
goes to the New York freight agent of
the New Haven road and has a bill of
lading made out for two crates of crock
cry, weight 200 pounds, from Pier 80. East
River, to New Haven.
The number of the car on which the
freight is to move is put on the shipping
order by a tally clerk. Then the bill OF
I'D IL .I~
Turning to the proper page in the Clas-
sification, he finds that the Grated crock
cry is a second class commodity by glanc-
ing down page which reads as follows:
The Saint Paul globe., 1905-04-30

s:: !: ss. ... ,...s ,, s'.'. :, ,.. s..
grito, the lowest type Of man.
The other is the picture OF Chimpan-
zee. the highest type of monkey.
The one has the human form; the other
the form of the animal.
The facial features of the Negrito are
scarcely more human than those of the
Chimpanzee.
A comparison OF the habits of the Ne
grito and the Chimpanzee shows a re-
markable similarity in their mode Of life.
The Negritos are the aborigines Of the
Philippine Islands.
The Chimpanzee is large black ape
the rarest species of the monkey tribes.
and is closely related to the gorilla. It's
place of nativity is in Western Africa.
near the Gaboon.
The Negrito lives upon roots and herbs
and what animal food it can bring down
with the bow and arrow with which the
race is very skillful.
The Chimpanzee lives almost entirely
upon a vegetable diet, including roots,
herbs, rice. bananas, etc, but In its
domesticated state it will eat mixed foods.
The Negritos are the smallest people
in the world. They are very low in in
tellect and are considered perfect repre-
sentatives of primitive mankind
Our people have had an opportunity
of studying the Negrtos and Chimpan-
zees at close range Forty-one Negrltos
were seen at the Worlds Fair as an
exhibit. Three Chimpanzees have been
brought to this country by Carl Hagen
beck, who has succeeded in keeping them
The Saint Paul globe., 1905-04-30

lock is still more depleted, there Is the
prospect that within a comparatively few
years something must take its place In
sole leather tanning. and the investiga-
tors are busy trying to hnd It among
other minerals.
These are few OF the valuable things
In which the world must look to the In
dustrial chemist for help in the near fu-
ture' inc list might DO prolonged: hut
1t is evident from what Is going on In the
laboratories OF the Massachusetts Insti-
tute OF Technology alone that the indus.
trial chemist is to be an even more i'm
portant factor in the future development
OF our manufactures ami in their pros
perity than he Is today.
The Saint Paul globe., 1905-04-30
Cranberries-(continued)

The clerk then opens his Local Class
Rate Tariff Schedule" which contains
the rates for all six classes OF freight
from New York to all the GAG stations on
the New York. New Haven and Hartford
Railroad. The rate for second class
freight to New Haven from Pier so, or
40. East River, is 16 cents per hundred
weight. The clerk then fills In the class
The Saint Paul globe., 1905-04-30

| Less Car
THAN car load
lload lots lots.
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1905-12-21
WYNNE-HCfHAM.
Pretty Wedding of Popular Young
Couple Last Night.

There was a pretty home wedding
last night at the home of the brides
sister, Mrs. $. r. Gay. on East Morgan
street, when Miss Frances Hufhanh ana
Mr.. John s. Wynne. both of this city,
were married.
There were in attendance quite q
number of friends and relatives. and
the residence was artistically deco
rated in Christmas colors, holly, ivy,
and mistletoe being used effectively.
The wedding VOWS We're given by Rev.
j. c. Massee of the Tabernacle Baptist
church. and the bride was charmingly
attired III white organdie, her bou-
quet being of white carnations.
Many lovely wedding gifts attested
the esteem and love in which the
young couple are held By friends and
relatives. The bride is an attractive
and charming young woman. the
daughter of the late Mr.. and Mrs.
Robert Hufham. and is a niece of the
Rev. j. d. Huffman. the popular and
beloved Baptist preacher. For the
past several years she has made her
home in Raleigh and has a wide circle
of friends. The groom is an energetic
young business man and holds posi-
ton with Lumsden Brothers, being
popular and held in high esteem.
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1905-12-21
INSTITUTE LECTURERS.
Who Will Tour the Eastern Part OF
the State in January.

The farmers institute lecturers, Tho
will tour that part of the State--east,
northeast and southeast of Ralelgn'-
i'm the interest of farmers institute
work in January were announced yes
terday by the manager or institute
work of the State Department OF As'i-
culture. Veterinarian TAFT Butler.
The lecturers will be:
DIR. w. w. Cooley, the tobacco expert
of the National Department or Agfi-
culture, who will speak on TOBACCO
plant breeding, and the selection OF
seed to improve the plant; DR.. Il. for,
ter, of Fender county, successIui
trucker; DIR. w. ]. McLendon, an An
son county farmer. and Secretary i.
II. Parker of the State Division OF the
Southern Cotton Association, and the
Farmers Alliance
Members of the State Department
of Agriculture who will participate IN
the lectures are: Veterinarian Butler,
Horticulturist Hume, Assistant Hort-
culturist Reimer. and Manager j. ii.
Ieffries, of the Edgecombe county test
farm
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1905-12-21
HOLD UP SHONTS.
Object of the Minority in
the Senate.
Reconsideration of The Confirmation
of Members of The Canal Com
mission Shonts Holds Two
Positions.
(By the Associated Press.D

Washington. d. c., Dec. 20.-Con-
nations of members Of the Isthmian
Canal Commission We're reconsidered
today in executive session and a mo-
ton was adopted calling upon the
President for the return of the notifi-
cation of the Senate's previous action.
When this has been done the nominal
tons will again be referred to the
Inter- Oceanic Canal Commission for
consideration
Before the decision was reached to
reconsider the vote charges of rail
reading" nominations We're made by
Senator Morgan and others and coun-
ter-charges that the protestants were
proceedings in q manner not pre-
scribed by the rules of the Senate were
made by Republican Senators. The
discussion developed the fact that
there had been no no1l of the canal
commissions in questions and as a re-
suit objection to reconsideration was
withdrawn.
Mr.. Morgan said he had not had an
opportunity to vote in committee on
the question of confirmation. 1t is
generally understood that the purpose
of minority Senators in asking to have
the nominations returned is to permit
q protest against Chairman Theodore
p. Shonts, holdin" a position on the
commission and the presidency of the
Glover Leaf Railroad at the same time.
The nomination of j. B. Bishop as
secretary to the commission, which
was sent to the Senate today, was re-
ferred to the Canal Commission.
If it is true that an attempt will be
made to hold up the confirmation of
Mr. Shonts' action cannot be had be-
fore the holidays. An effort will be
made however. to have a poll of the
committee taken tomorrow and the
nomination again confirmed.
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1905-12-21
THE INSURANCE INQUIRY.
Three Companies Were Under the
Eyes of the Investigating Conn
mitsee Yesterday.
lBy the Associated Press.)

\
New York. Dec 20.-The Washing
ton Life Insurance Company. the Ger
mania Insurance Company and the
Bankers Life Insurance Company d.
vidCd the attention of the Legislative
insurance investigating committee to-
day. John Tatlock. president of the
Washington Life finished his testi-
mony which was begun yesterday. Mr..
Tatlock declared that personally he
every five years. The witness took oc-
casion to say that Thos. +. Ryan never
sold the Washington Life any securi-
ties that he never Influenced or sug-
gested to the finance board what secu
rites to buy. Mr.. Tatlock said he
thought insurance companies should
be run by men in touch with Wall
Street in their knowledge of the Sc
curity market He also favored the
idea of insurance companies speculat-
ing in securities.
Cornelius Doremus, president of the
Germania Life said that about one
third of his companies business was
done in Europe. principally in Ger
many and that this business in many
respects is better than any done in
America. He declared it to be more
stable, there being fewer lapses while
the cost is a great deal less than in
America. The medical direction is
also better in Germany he said. He
characterized the American ways of
doing business as wild methods"
The only contributions of legisla-
tive character paid by this company
were $500 to a fund having for its
object the defeat of the mortgage tax
law and $3.50 to further the passage OF
the Lem bill in Albany in 1904. No
campaign contributions had ever been
made.
E. L. Bayles. who collected the fund
| to defeat the mortgage tax law SAID on
! the stand that he secured a fund of
| 1922, 900 for this purpose. The exam
| nation of the Bankers Life will be re-
| Sumed tomorrow
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1905-12-21
THE ASSOCIATED CHARITIES
Splendid Work Detailed ut Meeting oil
the Governing Board of Yesterday

The meeting of the Governing Board
of the Associated Charities was held
yesterday afternoon, President Joseph
G. Brown, Secretary Fred A. Odds,
richard II. Battle, n. b. Broughton,
Leo ID. Heart. E. r. Moses. John #.
Pullen and superintendent r. S. Ste
phenson, present.
The superintendent made an ex-
cellent report for the past three
months, showing that employment
had been found for thirty-one persons,
and homes for two children. Recently
a little book containing coupons was
placed in the hands of all the sub
,, scribing members of the association;
these coupons to be given to appli-
cants for aid. directing them to the
, Associated Charities Office. Superin-
tendent Stephenson says these books
are a great aid in exposing the unwor-
tiny, as many sham beggars refuse to
take the coupons when given, as they
know their record is in the office.
The Associated Charities during the
past three months has sent clothing
to 120 families The linen pur-
chased for use in extreme cases of
sickness has been received. The dis
trict nurse, Miss Eva Palmer. has done
excellent work in attending n very pit
iful case.
a
in Raleigh was called and at this Su-
perintendent Stephenson talked about
charity work and the Importance to
their race. and the care with which
it should be done. The ministers de-
cided at the meeting to cooperate
with the Associated Charities and
have raised $3.50 for the work. Su-
perintendent Stephenson expressed his
extreme plasure of the receipt of 500
from the city, this being especial
appropriation.
Messrs. Heartt and Pullen were APP
pointed permanent auditing COM
mittee There is to be held soon the
annual meeting, which is always pub
lie. The arrangements as to this were
left to President Brown. Mr.. Moses
and superintendent Stephenson, after
a conference with the ladies gneral
committee.
A report was made by Superintend-
ent Stephenson on the sewing room at
st. SaViour's Chapel, conducted by
Mrs. Joseph Blount Cheshire. He said
it was doing admirable work; ana
that ten women and fifteen girls were
employed there. and that great re-
sits were being accomplished in find
ing out and aiding the worthy poor.
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1905-12-21

manded by Captain j. X. Connolly, by
the ladies of Yadkinville, on May 10th,
1861. The presentation speech was
made by Miss Lou Glenn.
The surviving members of this
company are: j. G. Young, r. E.
Wilson, w. A. Whitaker, A. A An
derson, j. A. Blum, L. D. Whitaker
j. j. Shugart, Alexander Shugart
James Shugart, +. l.. Transom, John
Hobson, Tyre Hobson, Josua Hobson
John Bran, Ned Seets, Matthey
Crews, Monk Crews, William Crews,
NJ A Woodhouse, w. II. Bald. Isam
Cook, John Hauser, James Jones,
Alfred Long, Anderson Hoots, Will
liam Weatherby, William Cornelius,
u. ID. Barge, Richard Waggoner.
Henry Waggoner and George Dull.