The Monticellonian., 1905-12-07

No lower rate shou-I appiy ou goods i'm ported than actually obtains on domestic
 gaoGs from the AmeFicaH seaboard tu des tiuatiou cNcop, ia CuEes where water eef.- petition is tke controlling Influence. There should he publicity of the accounts ui common carriers; no common carrier engaged iii interstate business should
 keep any books eg memoranda other chan lLose reported pursuaUt 10 law or TcEuia-
 tiou and these books or m mlgauda should be open 10 the inspection ai ihe govern ment only in this way can violations or evdslouS of the law hezuretr detected. \ system of examination Of railroad ac counts should be provided similar 10 that now conducted into the national banks by the bank examiners. | few hrst-r.asS Fatt- road accountants, if they had proper CIrGc- ton and proper authority ta inspect aaGks and papers. could accomplish much iu pre- venting #ittHl violations ef tEc law. If would not be necessary for them to exam inc into the accounts of any railroad un#esa for good reasons they were directed 10 tu so by the interstate commerce Commls= sion. IL is greatly tu he desired that some way might be found by which an agree ment as To transportation within state intended to operate as a fraud upon the feIcrai interstate commerce laWs CousG be brought under the jurisdiction of tEe fed- eral authorities. At present it occurs tEat
 large shipments of interstate traffic are controlled b4 concessions au nurely state business which of course amounts To aH evasion CT the aw. Tie commission shou.a have power to enforce fair treatment b2 the great trunk lines of lateral and branch lines
 ''I urge upon the congress tte toed ef providing for expeditions action by the iuz
 tcrstatc commerce cammieion in all these
 
 transportation or Tor storing Or for Eand=
 ling property or commodities iu transit.
 The history of the cases iitgated ufGer the present commerce act shows that is eff cdcy has been to great degree destroyed hy the weapon of delay, almost tho most formidable weapon in the hands af thosa whose purpose Il Is tesj9.a5e the .aw=.
 Labor Questions.
 The national government tue president says has as rule but iitt.e occasion to 1 deal with tEe group Of problems known IS the labor question. State and municipal authorities must Geal with these ia most cases. Tte recommendation is aEain made as in tke message of last year. tEat Inc de bartneHt Of commerce and .Ahor inVcsti- gate the general labor condition and that espeeiai attention be paid ta the conditions of child labor and ehiId labor legislation III the several states. An iENestjeation or IIt G0hGllltl Gi the women engaged III lE# dustry in tie United States and state and 1 municipal legislation looking to their pro- lection iS recommended. CBatiHuirE he says: Tho introduction of women into industry is working change and disturb ahee in the domestic and soci4. life of the nation. The decrease in marriage, and especially tu tte birtE rate has been O. incident with it. We must face accom- piished facts and thc adjus. mcat to fac 1 tory conditions must he made: but surely f can be made with jess friction and less harmful effects on family life than is now
 The case. This who.e matter iH reality forms ole Of the greatest sociological phe- nomena of our time it is q social question of the first importance of far greater in- portance than any merely political or eco homie question can be; and ta solve Il Vt need ample data. gathered in sane and scientific spirit in the course ef an exhaust iye Investigation.
 The question Of securing a healthy aalz sclf-rcspeetinE and mutually sympathetic attitude as between employer and Eaboror Is discussed at length, In discussing the problem. he says. We mus adept thc pr!r- eip.e of treating man Gn lis worth as q man rather than with reference to lis so-
 cial position his occupation or the class 10 which he belongs IEe demand far de prlyins courts of tEc power 10 issue iuiune-
 toHs in labor dispntcs is aiso touched upon.
 1nG 1ISildIICe oCdllNtii.
 In the section devoted to .he recent lie insurance scandal the president declares there is need of far strIcIor and more uni 1 form regulation of the vast insurance in- 5erests ef ttc country: muck can he Gana | by legislation which is moi oEty drastic but practical. The United States should in this respect follow tlc poltcy Of other nations by providing adequate national stpcIv8- sion Of commercial Interests which arr a. tf |. certain officials of the life Insurance com
 panies in the following WUrfs Recent events have emphasized the importance of dn early and eNfaustiVc consideration of this question to Sro whether ii is net pos sb!e ta furnish better safeguards than tho several states have been able 10 furnish
 against corruption of the hagraaj kind which has been exposed. IL has been oH3y too clearly shown that certain ef he men at the head of these large corporations take but snlai, Hote of the ethical distinction be tween honesty and dishonesty they draw
 the line ouiy this side of what maA he ta4.ea
 laW-honcsty, the kind of honesty necessary iH order to avoid falling into tte c.Ut. hes of the law Of course the ei.4y eonptcto
 icmeGY for this condition must he found in all aroused pahlic consciencc a higher ] sense of ethical conduct in the community at iarge and especially among business | men and ia the great profession dt tt=c .tN,
 and in the growth Cf a spirit which cen ] aamIs ali dishonesty, whether in rich man l or in poor man. wtctEcr ii takes tLe shape
 of bribery or Of blackmai..'
 Hague Peace Conference.
 The second pe;tec conference 10 hf led Ire Hague aa an caIIy date is tlla- =eaSsed ;it considerable length. and this soe- i -rumcnt Mil do every thing in its power 10 secure tEc success of thC conference 10 I the end that substantial progress may Be i made in tbc eause If iHterHatlana, feaee,
 justice and good viii He favors a genera. i arbitration treaty among RI nations T tHls i is possible The Monroe dOetr,ne. ft- s;ty-. i has been an effective instrument Ior peace
 and it is. being gradually accepted by othes I nations.
 TEe ara. gcmcats made with Sant5 po- ] mirgo by winch che United Statss has talk 1 oa charge of her customs rrverues freu l which al just and reasonable debts WI, 1 be paid has proved boon To that country l aud enabled her ta maintain Ter irGcpeu4- cnce. Peace is also being restored thert. | l,Es apEea muGe to our s6XcrHmeHt for
 ieap has been answered and I treaty is
 ION pending in tie senate with fLefcpub-
 ic.
 The Army and Navy.
 ff couaeetien with our foreign Do jcy inc | president discusses the condition ot cur
 army and navy. Considering tto sm5 E
 number of ouf soldiers, he says they shouia i hc trained as nearly perfeVi as pussIb.c.
 Continuing. he says: "Provlaion shou.a ! he made by sufficient appropriations for m8neuvois of practical kind So that tre l troops may .e8rH how to take care oi them
 -e.yes under actual service conditions; every march. for Instance, being made vi C l tie soldier loaded exactly as Ec would he in an active campaign. The HGRlhor of i posts in which the army is kept in time nt i peace should b. materially diIulElsEsd and tte posts tEat are left maGc eaIrespoad- 1 ias.y larger, Promotion by mere