davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Warren sheaf., 1905-09-21
Real Estate Transfers.

~
Real Estate Transfers.
Following are the real estate
transfers as reported by G. A. Mel
son, official abstracter of Marshall
county, since last published.
United States to Gust Hanson, set
swti& lot 4 of sec Is and ne4 nw4 &
lot ! of sec 19-157-44. Receivers
receipt.
Reinhart A. Johnsrud to Fred
| Will, ne4 sch of sec 2-155-44. $54O.
w. Deed.
Eugene H. Besancon to H. H.
Hulburt, WI nw4 of sec 33-15S-49.
$1450. w. Deed.
St. Paul NJ. & NJ. Ry. Co. to Peter
lverson, Trustees Deed, set nw4
sec 5-156-49. s4OO.
Il. n. Hulburt to F. G. Edwards,
W. Deed, ne4 11-157-4e. $4,000.
Sam J. Schlesinger 10 c. W. Kent,
W. Deed, NJ sci & WI 33-157-49.
$4,000.
y. 0. Munger to John Willie, w.
Deed, nwf l0-154-4S (and other land)
s12SOO.
William F. Head to Charles Che
new. W. Deed 16 acres in nwl nw1
11-154-49. $95.
United States to Christ Moe, Final
Receipt, nw4 1O-154-43.
John W. judah to John NJ. Serum,
@. G. Deed, WI sw4 & nel sw4 sec
3-156-41. $1,000.
Oluf NJ. Rood to Louis Stordalen,
w. Deed, nwi 14-157- 40. $11OO.
United States to Ole L. Branden,
Final Receipt, net 23-157-41.
United States to Annie Bo, Final
Receipt, set 1-157-41.
Uuited States to Anton E. Hars-
tad, Final Receipt, sw4 1-159-41
United States to Andrew Peder-
son, Final Receipt, 81 nw4 & lots 8
4 4 sec 1-157-41.
United States to julius Dura,
Final Receipt, sw4 36-156-41.
United States to Ole Skadsen,
Final Receipt, net 2O-157-44.
|
Final Receipt, lots 5 & 6 sec 6-154-
AZ.
United States to Sigurd Birke-
land, Final Receipt, 81 nw4 & lots 8
& 4 sec 4-154-42.
United States to Knute O. Strand,
Final Receipt. sw4 14-156-39.
Wentzel & Grindeland to City of
Warren, w. Deed, part of lot 2 blk
IA w. & G. Add.
United States to Ole A Winson,
Final Receipt, sw4 5-157-39.
United States to Michael T. Torg-
erson, Final Receipt, nw4 36-16-39.
United States to August Knudson
Final Receipt, ne4 nw4, nj ne4 &
sch nei sec 35-155-39.
United States to Theresa Deutah,
Final Receipt, swl sw4 sec II & e3
set sec 18-155-43.
Abby G.. Mendenhall to John @
Cronkhite, @ G Deed, nj ne4 8-156-
so. $500.
United States to Helmer I. Hal
vorson, final receipt, sw4 36-156-39.
United States to Martin Johnson,
final receipt, e3 net 36-155-42.
Aslak E Engen to The MINI Loan
& Trust Co., W deed, WI sci & WI
e4 sci sec 2O-155-45. $4,000.
The st Paul NJ & NJ Ry Co to &c
Brady, trustees deed, Ell 5-155-45.
$2885. 90.
Fred Lenhart toG n Wilson, "
deed, lot IL blk 13 Warren. 1850.
Jacob Siadek to Martin Borowicz,
" deed, sw4 4.157-46. $1,000.
st Paul NJ 4 NJ Ry Co to Andrew
Gustafson, trustees deeds, sw4 ne4
& lot 2 sec 5-l56-46. $824.5O.
John NJ Serum to John w Judah,
q deed. 81 sci 25-158 43. $500.
United States to Nils II Fonnest.
final receipt, nj sw4 4-156-39.
The MINI Loan & Trust Co 10 a
Continued on page s.
Warren sheaf., 1905-09-21

person without examination.
FIRST GRADE.
Hilbert 0. Berve, Germantown.
William E. Mack, Bend.
Mark Oseth, Bigwoods.
M. Olive Still, HELEN.
Mathilda I. Kohl, Klep.
Minnie Lind, Stephen.
Fred c. Bake, Stephen.
Peter G. Swanson, Ware. Y
Mary A. McGinn, Manor.
Enga NJ. Kurz, Warren.
William Finnegan, Germantown.
Eugenia Lamp, Warren.
Bertha Nickerson, Baltic.
CONDITIONAL FIRST GRADE.
Helen Rankin, Middle River.
Constance Norblad, Gatzke.
COMPLETE SECOND GRADE.
Esther Ballard, Warren.
John S. Collier, Warren.
Ida NJ. Halvorson, HELEN.
Esther Holmlund, West Valley.
Julia Iverson, Warren.
Ellen E. Johnson, Englund.
Antoinette A. Lepine, Argyle.
James R. Mack, Bend.
Hilda o. Metvedt, Greenbush.
Hannah Munson, Warren.
Edward A. Silverness, Llewellyn
Alma NJ. St. Martin, Vega.
G. A. Swanson, Warren.
Marie Sylvander, Vega.
Margaret E. Walsh, Minot, N. D..
Lena Homme, ROLLS.
Mrs. Esther R. Cartwright, Skog
Margaret Rankin, Middle River.
Carl A. Nelson, Argyle.
Ellen A. Forsberg, HELEN.
Carrie Peterson, Stephen.
Eda Anderson, Park.
Minnie Bulger, Stephen.
Elizabeth Copps, Bigwoods.
Amanda Hage, Warren.
Elsie M. Johnson, Fork.
Katie r. MacAllister, Fork.
Mary Onstad, Argyle.
Mary Phillipson, Sandridge.
Hannah Smith, Vega.
Gustava Sonstrud, Warren.
Clara Thompson, Fork.
Emma Cronkhite, Big Woods.
Margaret Donohue, Stephen.
Mamie Johnson. Gotland.
Katherine Minkle, Middle River
Amelia Peterson, Stephen.
Freda B. Syenning, Warren.
Lena Homme, ROLLS.
Della Sebion, Homolka.
Blanche Sumner, Vega.
CONDITIONAL SECOND GRADE.
Grace Cronkhite, Argyle.
Christina Dahlquist, Warren.
Lucinda Egan, Warren.
Clara Tonderum, Big Woods.
E. r Waller, ROLLS.
Lena Watne, Ellerth.
Kate Barteles, Stephen.
Telia Carlson, Warren.
George Elfrink, Argyle.
Jacobine Grimstad, Newfolden.
Anna Gustafson, Herb.
Olive Jones, Ellerth.
Elsie 7. oznun, Stephen.
Warren sheaf., 1905-09-21
Card of Thanks.

To all dear friends who kindly
assisted US at the funeral of our late
husband and father, we hereby
tender our most heartfelt thanks.
MRS. H. SKoaLUND
AND CHILDREN
Warren sheaf., 1905-09-21

There will be services next Sun
day at 1870 a. m. and 8 p. m.
Warren sheaf., 1905-09-21
Norwegian Lutheran.

G. J. NoLsTAD, PASTOR.
Warren sheaf., 1905-09-21
MARSHALL COUNTY
SCHOOL TEACHERS
Names Of Those Licensed to
Teach the Young Idea
How to Shoot.

The following are the names of
the teachers of Marshall county
who hold state certificates at the
present time, and their post Office
addresses. Complete first grade
certificates are good for five years
and issued only to applicants with
experience. Conditional first grade
certificates are good for one year,
and if the condition is removed,
good for four years more. Complete
second grade certificates are good
for two years and only issued to
applicants with experience. Con-
ditional second grade certificates
are issued only to experienced teach
ers and good for one year, and if
the applicant passes in the subjects
on which he is conditioned within
the year the conditional certificate
becomes a complete second grade.
Limited second grade is issued only
to applicants without experience
who passed in all subjects and is
good for one year. II the person
holding this kind of certificate
engages in teaching for five or
eight months, within this time, a
complete certificate of the first or
second grade will be issued to said
person without examination.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1905-06-22
B. & 0. h. p. Popular Seashore
Excursions.

Atlantic City, Cape May, Ocean
City, Sea Isle City, n j., Ocean City,
Md, and Rehohorh Beach, Del,
Thursday, June 22 July 6 and 20,
August ), II, 81, at following very
low rates
From Otkl4nl ouly s. 50 round
trip, tickets good in coaches only,
Only &1O.5O round "trip, tickets good
in Pullman cars when accompanied
by regular Pullman ticket
All tickets good returning 1G days
including date of sale
Stopovers allowed on return trip at
Philadelphia, Baltimore. and Wash
ingtOn.
Ask Baltimore aud Ohio ticket
agent for pamphlet giving detailed
Information. flag 81
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1905-06-22
Notice To
Tax Payers!

This is to notify the tax payers of Garrett
county that the Annual Levy for 1865 has
been made and published. and to call their
attention to the following abstract, Section
As, Chapter sos, Acts of 1899, relating to the
discount to he allowed and the interest to
be charged on all tax bills:
All county taxes shall be due ana payable
on the first day of September next succeed
ing the date of the levy thereof, and all
county taxes paid on or before the lst day of
September discount of per cent. shall be
allowed. and after the first day OF January
all taxes shall bear interest at the rate of
per cent. per annum until paid. The treas
Urer shall take the discount from and charge
interest on the tax bills for county purposes
regularly in the manner aforesaid and snail
note the same upon his books and upon the
receipt given for taxes so paid. But the dis
count shall not be allowed unless the whole
amount of State and county taxes are paid
when same is made.
g3t E. A. WIENER. Treasurer.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1905-06-22
Executors Notice. !!

This is to give notice, That the subcriher,
OF Garrett County, hath obtained from the
Orphans Court of Garrett County, in Mary
land, Letters Testamentary on the personal
estate of Alden c. Duckworth, late of Garrett
County, deceased. All persons having claims
against the deceased are hereby warned to
exhibit the same, with the vouchers thereof
legally authenticated to the subscriber, on
or before the goth day of October next; they
may otherwise by law be excluded from all
benefit of said estate. All persons knowing
themselves indebted to said estate a.! re
quested to make immediate payment.
April, 1905.
FLOYD DUCRWORTH,
Executor,
WeSternDOrt, Md.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1905-06-22
Administrators Notice.

of Garrett County. hath obtained from
the Orphans Courr of Garrett County. in
Maryland, Letters Of Administration on the
personal estate of
JOHN H. PURNELL.
late Of Garrett County. deceased. per
sons having claims against the dec. ID are
hereby warned to exhibit the same, Nth the
vouchers thereof legally authenticated to
the subscriber, on or before the 9th day of
october next; they may otherwise by law be
excluded from all benefit Of said estate. 81
persons knowing themselves indebted
said estate are requested to make immed
payment.
Given under my hands this 9Th {
April, 1905
A. G. STURGISS.
Administered -
Oakland. Md
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1905-06-22
Administrators Notice.

This is to give notice. That the subscribers
of Garrett county, hath obtained from the
orphans Court of Garrett county, i'll Mary
land, Letters of Administration on the per
SOnal estate of
JACOB p. GAUER,
late OF Garrett county, deceased. All per
sons having claims against the deceased are
hereby warned to exhibit the same with the
vouchers thereof legally authenticated to
the subscribers. on or before the 25th day -
October next; they may otherW Use by
be excluded from all benefit of saiQ estate
persons knowing themselves indebted
said estate are requested to make immedi,
payment.
Given under our hands this 25th day OF
April, 1905
w. Is. HUTSON,
A. s. TEATS.
Administrators.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1905-06-22
Administrators Notice.

This is to give notice. That the subscribers
hath obtained from the Orphans Court OF
Garrett County, in Maryland. letter. of Adj
mlniStratOn on the personal estate of
DAVID FIkE.
late o. Garrett county. Pa. deceased All
persons having claims against the deceased
are hereby warned to exhibit the same. with
vouchers thereof legally authenticated to
the subscribers on or before the 25th day OF
November next; they may otherwise by law
beeXcluded from all benent ofsaid estate. All
persons knowing themselves indebted to said
estate are requested to make immediate
payment.
Given under my hand this 23rd day of
May. 1865.
MARCELLUS ;. WOLF,
Administrator.
Oakland, Md.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1905-06-22

"You demand quarter of million
for breach Of promise"
Yes" answered the determined wo.
man. Sentiment demands it. l would
not have him think, even now, that l
valued his affections lightly. Wash
ingtOn Star
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1905-06-22
Returning the Photograph.

Marshall +. Wilder tells Of Il quarrel
between couple of his acquaintance
who had been engaged for some
months. The two lovers since have
made up" but while their quarrel
was at its height no recrimination was
too severe for either of them to put
upon the other
or course the first thing the girl did
after the breaking of the engagement
was to write to the young man. re-
questinS the return Of various sou
venirs, and she particularly desired
him to send back her photograph,
which, she declared in her note. she
had given to him Sin a moment of girl
ish folly"
The young mans reply was amusing
ly cruel. Said he: 81 regret exceeding
ly that at present | am unable to find
the photograph requested. However.
l send you my entire collection of
young lanieS' photos, numbering some
forty or fifty, among which. no doubt.
you will find your own. The rest l
shall thank you to return by the bear
er OF this. st Louis Republic.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1905-06-22
Notice of First Meeting
Of Creditors.

In the District Court OF the United states for
the District OF Maryland. in Bankruptcy.
In the matter Of HiuebaUgL y Edwards.
Bankrupts- Ia Bankruptcy.
To the creditors Of Hiuebaugh Edwards.
Of Oakland. in the county of Garrett. and
district aforesaid. bankrupts:
NOtlc Is hereby given that ON the 2ZEt day
OF May. i. d. 1905. the said bankrupts We're
July adiudicated bankruptS. and that the
first meeting of their creditors viii be held
at the law Office of e.. :. Hamill. at Oakland.
Maryland. on the 24th day of June. \. D..
1888. at 10 O'Clock in the renyOn. at which
time the creditors may attend. prove their
claims appoints trustee. examine the bank
rupts and transact such other business as
may properly come before the meeting
ALBERT 4. DOUR.
J'3' e l2tn, 1875. Referee IN Bankruptcy.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1905-06-22
Not Wholly IneXDerienced.

Hewitt hear that you have new
stenographer
Jewett-Well, | don't think she is
so very new. When she left the office
at the end of the first day she asked
me if l wasn't going to kiss her good
night.-Ju0ge
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1905-06-22
Best They Could Do.

Mrs. De Style-Where are your sta
bleS?
Mrs Highupp-We have not room for
stables. We board our horses, but the
boarding stables are very exclusive
very exclusive indeed. - New York
Weekly.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1905-06-22

Young Maid-Which would you pre-
fer in your future husband-honor, abil-
~ or appearance?
Old Maid - Appearance every time,
but he's got to appear pretty soon.
tell you.-Judge.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1905-06-22

"All flesh is grass" remarked the
man with the quotation habit.
~ suppose" rejoined the cheerful
idiot, that is why death is sometimes
called the grim reaper" - Chicago
News.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1905-06-22
ssessN - &c
Profitable work,

. Il believe every man ought to eat
good and plenty always" said the fat
man. at never pays to work on an
empty stomach"
81 disagree with YOU" remarked the
quiet stranger. 1--WE found that it
often pays very we'll"
That SO: What kind o work do
you do:"
I'm a surgeon "-Philadelphia Press.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1905-06-22

He's After the Lawn Mower Now.
Nordy-YeS, | know BOrroughs. l
live next door to him, in fact
Butts-Is be a desirable neighbor?
Nordy-Well, yes. off and on he has
desired the loan of everything we have.
.-Pittsburg Post
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1905-06-22
Administrators Mott

This Is to give notice, That the subscriber
of Garrett County. hath obtained from the
Orphans Court Of Garrett County. in Mary
land. Letters OF Administration on the per-
SOnal estate of
GEORGE ". KITZMILLER.
late Of Garrett County, deceased. All per
sons having claims against the deceased are
hereby warned to exhibit the same. with the
vouchers thereof legally authenticated to
the subscriber. on or before the 3Jth DAY OF
september next: they may otherwise by law
he excluded from all benefit OF said estate
All persons knowing themselves indebted to
said estate are requested tOmake Immediate
payment
Given under my hand this 2sth dav of
March. 1906
MARY f. kITZMILLER
Administrator.
Blaine. W. Va.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1905-06-22

Get your shovel plows and cultiva-
tors at Navlor & Co.'S st.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1905-06-22
Commissioners Meeting.


COUNTY COMMISSIONERS FOR GARRETT Co.. :
OAKLAND. MD. June p, 1905. J
The Board of County Commissioners for
Garrett county win meet at their Office in
Oakland on
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1905-06-22
Tuesday, July 18th, 1905,

to transact any business that may be brought
before them
BY order of the Board.
a. G. ROSS, Clerk.
The Republican. [volume] (Oakland, Md.) 1877-current, 1905-06-22

Let us nave an or
der - we guaran-
tee to please you.
Vilas County news. [volume] (Eagle River, Vilas County, Wis.) 1896-1927, 1905-05-29

the sixteen years last past in the in
terests of the people when objected to
by the railroads. without going back
further than the service Of many mem.
bers Of this legislature extends, it adj
mits of no denial that the railway lob
by defeated the bill to increase rail-
way taxes in 1899, that it defeated the
bill to increase railway taxes again IN
1901: that it defeated the bill to create
a railway rate commission in both OK
those sessions and again in 1903. The
railway lobby maintained at this capt.
toll since 1899 has cost the people OF
Wisconsin millions upon millions OF
dollars
Vilas County news. [volume] (Eagle River, Vilas County, Wis.) 1896-1927, 1905-05-29
oNEiDAS TO GET MONEY.
Indians Near Green Bay to Share in
Kansas Claim.

Kansas Claim.
Green Bay, Wis, May 26.-Final
proceedings are pending on the settle
ment of what is known as the Kan
sas claim, the payment of which will
entitle the Oneida Indians living on
the reservation near Green Bay to
share in the distribution of a fourth
of 100000, the total amount of the
CAIN. .Supt. j. C. Hart says that he
has received information to the effect
that the matter is practically closed,
The negotiations, which have been
pending for many years, are based
ON the treaty of Buffalo Creek. which
was signed in 1887. According to this
the New York state Indians were Civ
Ell a reservation in Kansas. The res
erVation was not occupied and a
claim was afterward filed for it's val
lie. Supt. Hart of Oneida has been
ordered to close the Indian school on
May 81 on account of a shortage in
the Indian school fund. By stopping
the salaries of the employees in this
way for the month of June the ex-
penses will be cut down sufficiently
to meet the shortage. This order ap-
plies to all of the Indian schools in
the country. Only the superintend-
ents, clerks and engineers will be re-
tanned during the month of June. The
regular summer closing time of school
at Oneida is June 80.
Vilas County news. [volume] (Eagle River, Vilas County, Wis.) 1896-1927, 1905-05-29
Medals for Brave Germans.

Berlin, May 26.-Three gold medals
given by President Roosevelt to the
three German bluejackets who saved
the lives of several sailors of the Unit
ed States ironclad Monodanock in
Chinese waters were transmitted by
Ambassador Tower to the foreign
office yesterday, from which Office they
will be sent to the marine .ministery.
Vilas County news. [volume] (Eagle River, Vilas County, Wis.) 1896-1927, 1905-05-29
incompetent Lobbyists.

''At this session. and at every ses-
sion for years, paid lobbyists have been
employed about this legislature by the
railroads who are incompetent to argue
any proposition before a legislative
committee. They are grade of men
with whom the railway companies
would not trust the trial Of a petty
damage suit in a justice court. They
dog the footsteps of legislators in ana
out of the capitol. they follow them to
their rooms and hotels, they are free
with entertainment. 1t is their bus
mess more especially to see legisla-
tors personally. Their special talent
seems to fit them more particularly for
private argument. Their presence is
an annoyance and a nuisance. Their
employment here should constitute a
statutory offense.
Vilas County news. [volume] (Eagle River, Vilas County, Wis.) 1896-1927, 1905-05-29
Favors Free Speech.


Il would neither recommend nor ap-
prove of a law interfering with free
and full public discussion of all meas
ures of proposed legislation. Every
opportunity and every courtesy should
be extended to those VINO favor and to
those who oppose any pending bill FOR
opeA public discussion, before commit
tees and in either chamber before leg
iSlatorsl and the public. Every legit1-
mate argument which any lobbyist has
to offer, and which any legislator
ought to hear, can be presented before
committees, before the legislators as
body, through the press, from the pub
lie platform, and through printed briefs
and arguments placed in the hands OF
all members and accessible to the pub
lie.
corporate interests can maintain
strong lobby composed of able men at
the capitol throughout the entire ses-
sion. Those who would be heard in
opposition cannot How unjust it is
to hold public hearing, invite both
sides to present arguments, and then
when the hearing is over to allow the
permanent lobby 10 continue the dis
cussion with individual legislators per-
sonally through weeks of the session
thereafter, without those opposed be-
ing OIL esent to hear and refute argu-
.nents. Leaving aside all question OF
any improper suggestion or induce
ment being presentea to a personal
or private interview with a legislator,
consider how unjust it is to the opposi-
ton and to the public to accord to one
side such an advantage when it is de-
MED, or impossible, to the other"
"To exclude lobbyists from the leg
islative halls may remote the comfort
and convenience of members of the
senate and assembly. It would, in no
measure, tend to eradicate the injus-
tice and evil resulting from private and
secret lobbying. Indeed, it might tend
to increase instead. NO. This legisla
ture owes it to itself and to the people
of the state to destroy the secret lobby,
root and branch Under the vigilent
eyes of an awakened public, the opera
tons of the lobby have not been so
openly offensive to decent morals at
this session as at previous sessions.
But the personal appeals Of said lobby
lists have been resistently made to leg
islators through this session after hear
ings have been closed, after those rep
| resenting the other side have retired
from the capitol and from the city, be-
lieving, as they had the the right to
believe, that the discussion had closed.
Personal, private lobbying is wrong in
/ principle, and is absolutely certain to
| be vicious in practice. No legislation
which has been enacted will be secure,
and that which the public interests
will require in the future, will never be
reasonably certain of attainment until
the secret lobby withits misrepresenta-
ton and it's wrong doing, is prohibited
| by law. I commend to your consider
ate judgment the enactment of a stat
ute making it penal offense for a paid
lobbyist to approach a legislator priv.
ately or personally upon any matter
which is the subject of legislation
Vilas County news. [volume] (Eagle River, Vilas County, Wis.) 1896-1927, 1905-05-29
Cantain Hohson Married.

Tuxedo Park, n. Y, May 26.-The
marriage of Miss Grizelda Houston
Hull, daughter of Mr.. and Mrs. George
H. Hull, to Captain Richmond Pearson
Hobson, took place yesterday.
Vilas County news. [volume] (Eagle River, Vilas County, Wis.) 1896-1927, 1905-05-29
kinq Leopold Visits Hay.

BaGnauheim, May 26.-King Leopold
of Belgium came from Ems yesterday
morning and spent two hours in the
afternoon with Secretary Hay.
Vilas County news. [volume] (Eagle River, Vilas County, Wis.) 1896-1927, 1905-05-29
NO NEWS RECEIVED FROM THE
RIVAL FLEETS.
RUSSIA GETS NEW SHIPS
Seven Fighting Vessels Obtained
From Argentine Republic Through
Bulgarian Government Commission
of $2,50o,o00 Worth of Railroad
Rolling Stock.

London, May 26.-No news reached
London UP to 4:3O this morning re-
garding the movements of the Russian
and Japanese fleets or in any way
ccnfirmatory of the rumor from Manila
that the fleets had met south of For
mosa and thot the Japanese had been
defeated