The Montgomery advertiser., 1905-03-30
LIVE STOCK BREEDERS
 WILL MEET NEXT IN SELMA

that one ton of fertilizer means SO much more tonnage the next year for their hauling. One dollar in Missis- sippi will buy what two dollars in Ala bama will buy when 1t comes to get- ting fertilizers on your farms.
 Tn 0eorgia the rates are about 50 per cent. lower than in Alabama. The reduction in that State was recently made and at the protest of the rail- roads, but 1t has been found to pay them."
 MT. Conner advised the men before him to quit buying foodstuffs and beef from the Northwest and their prices are bound to decline. and that it will in- crease the price of their own products. He said that whenever the farmers make up their minds definitely on what they want they should petition the Railroad Commission and he could al- most assure them that If 1t is not an unjust claim they would be satisfied. MT. Conner was heartily applauded.
 Paper by professor Hare.
 Prof. c. l.. Hare of Auburn. opened the morning session with a paper on "A System of Rotation of Crops on a Cotton and Live Stock Farm"
 All plants. he said. remove portion
 
 A different manner and different quan- titles. Leguminous plants gather nit rogen for the soil. Also some crops spfYer in different degrees from grass and weeds. The vetches help to kill the grass.
 : These facts Illustrate that there Is science at the bottom of rotation of crops. Advice was given to alternate leguminous plants with spreading roots of crops such as cot ton and grains.
 Corps sufrer more from teaching in the winter rains.
 Each crop should be followed by a preparatory crop. Preparatory crops are such as hardy vetches, COW peas, etc.
 The most profitable crop should al- ways occur in the rotation as often as possible. Rotations differ with condi- tions of th1 community. In cotton belts there Nhould be three-year or three-course rotation. because it Is necessary to have frequent cotton crops.
 Professor Hare gave a detailed dis cussion of sample arrangement for a short. rotation on the basis of a given area divided Into one part pasturage and three parts agricultural. Profess sor Hare gave cotton one-third of this area and the cotton should be preceded with two crops. peas or some legumin- ous crop. Corn following the cotton crop finds much nitrogen which was unused by the cotton. Another rota- tion of peas would more than restore the nitrogenous material taken up by the corn.
 Another sample rotation was pro- vided for the farmer who desires to plant more cotton. This arrangement allotted only one-fifth to the pasture and two-fifths to cotton. These arr engagements apply only to cotton farms. For live stock farms different sugges- tions were made in which every year some soil improving crop would always be growing. such as vetches and peas. sufficient for feeding cattle on the sec ton allotted to cattle.
 which included alfalfa grown first for three years.
 Rotation generally brings about a division of labor, keeping horses and laborers busy all the year around. The laborers are disorganized in the single |crop system.
 Rotation is also economic of the fer tilizers in the soil. It also affords a better resistance against insects. Nox- ious weeds are not allowed to get in their work. The increase of fertility |js greater by rotation than any other source and 1t can be proven to be cheaper. Rotation gradually approach es nothing in the use of commercial fertilizers. the latter being decreased each year.
 Professor Hare gave some figures H. frustrating the yields of various profit able crops in the science of rotation.
 MT. Troyer, of Calhoun, spoke for old-time rye as a good substitute for a catch-crop during the last part of September. Dr. Cary suggested that vetch be planted with the rye.
 Remarks of Prof. Duggar.
 Prof. R. F. Duggar. of Auburn, gave some suggestions on How to Convert a Cotton Farm Into a Stock Farm. ? One of the forceful reasons given foi the transformation Is the consequent increase in the fertility of the soil.
 A combination of a half area of cot ton and half of stock farm was recom- mended. The change should be grad. ual. Horse raising and mule raising were spoken of as among the rarest industries in the State but as indus tries which could be followed profitably
 flows were recommended for saising on sandy farm. Mutton sheep should prove profitable in Alabama.
 Stress was laid on the necessity of starting stock farms with fine- blo coded sires. When 1t can be done. dairy pro- duction should be combined with beef raising. This gives opportunity of fully husbanding the calves.
 For winter grazing bur clover and hairy vetch with Bermuda grass was recommended. To get fullest benefit for Bermuda, the soil should be made rich in nitrogen such as preceding the growth with velvet beans.
 Alfalfa for winter grazing in prairie lands holds first place but there are exceptions.
 The high price of corn in the South deprives Alabama cattlemen of that feed for cattle and In this as we'll as other forage the South must adopt different feeds. Generally Cassava, ar