Ottumwa tri-weekly courier. [volume] (Ottumwa, Iowa) 1903-1916, 1905-09-26

Stockholm, Sept. 25.--The Assocf-
ated Press has succeeded in securing
the text Of the protocol signed at
Karlstad Saturday by the Norwegian.
Swedish delegates. The historic docu-
ment which will become treaty when
ratified by the two parliaments, con-
sists of five main articles and thirty.
five sub clauses.
Arbitration Is Keystone.
The articles deal with arbitration,
neutral zone, the demolition of forth
fication, the reindeer pastures, inter-
traffic and common waterways.
The agreement provides for compul-
sorry arbitration before The Hague
court of all disputes except matters Of
vital interest for a period of decades.
A Neutral Zone.
The treaty provides for zone on
either side of the frontier which shall
forever be neutral and for the demoli-
ton Of the fortresses within that zone
with the exception of the old portions
of the Notifications of Fredriksten,
Gyldenloeve and Overbjerget, which
may remain but are not to be used as
Notifications.
The negotiations which are now
concluded were peculiar In nature. On
one side the delegates were four Swe-
II dish ministers, who at the time of the
riksdag decision, were leading mem-
| bers Of the committee which framed
the Swedish conditions to assent to
dissolution. On the other SIDE the del
egates were men who led Norway In
its revolution of June Z, but who were
not guided by any decision Of the
storthing. On the contrary. their ev.
cry act was looked upon with suspic-
ion by men more radical. #
| When Sweden's conditions were
made known many voices in Norway
were raised against acceding to them.
Premier Michelsen of Norway was
more conservative and, seeing the
consequence to Norway of breach
with Sweden, was willing to enter in-
to an agreement so long as 1t was HON
orable to Norway and preserved as
much as possible her national pride.
M. Berner, president Of tie Norweg-
ian storthing ,and M. Loevland, the
Norwegian foreign minister, we're per-
haps not SO willing, but they followed
Premier Nicholson.
The purpose Of the Swedish dele
i gates was to make an agreement pre-
serving the good feeling between the
two peoples. From this view point,
of course, Sweden was compelled to
insist on the demolition Of the from
tier Notifications which Norway, not
withstanding the close connection Of
the countries, had erected against
Sweden's entirely unfortified frontier.
The first purpose of the Swedish
delegates was to hurt as little as pos
sible the feelings Of Norway and the
Swedish delegates throughout the pro-
ceedings have tried to find way in
which the fortress located farthest
from the frontier could be made less
threatening while the others they con.
tended should be demolished. 1t Is
believed this point was successfully
carried.
The Swedish delegates were also
anxious to preserve free and untram
meled the intercourse between the
two countries and they, therefore, pro
posed that certain agreements be
made regarding transit and waterways
which were equally of benefit to both
and which would prevent one country
from interfering with another. It is
believed that these matters also were
settled to the satisfaction of both
sides.
Finally, Sweden did not consider
that she could leave unprotected the
interests of the poor nomadic Lap
landers who for their very existence
4 depend upon the use Of pastures in
both countries at different seasons for
their reindeer. The Norwegians held
, out against the granting of this right
which had been established for cen
turies; but it is thought they at last