The Kemper herald. (Scooba, Miss.) 1875-1908, 1905-12-07

be affirmative and should be given
to some administrative body Great
ed by the Congress.
All private-car lines, industrial
roads, refrigerator charges, and the
like should be expressly put under
the supervision of the Interstate Com
merce Commission or some similar
body so far as rates and agreements
practically affecting rates, are con-
uerned.
Safety Appliances.
In nv annual Message to the Fifty
eighth Congress, at its third session,
l called attention to the necessity for
legislation requiring the use Of block
signals upon railroads engaged in
interstate commerce. The humber Of
serious collisions upon unblocked
| roads that have occurred within the
past year adds force to the recon-
mendation then made.
Hours of Labor of Railroad EN-
ployees.
The excessive hours Of labor I'd
which railroad employees in train SER
viee Are in may cases subjected is
also a matter which may we'll engage
the serious attention of the .,,- rs,i
gress. The STAN, both mental and
physical, upon those who are engaged
in the movement and operation of
railroad trains under modern condi-
tons is perhaps grentet than that
which Exists III any other industry,
aiid II there are any reasons for limit
/ ing by law the hours of labor in any
employment, they certainly apply with
peculiar force to the employment of
those upon whose vigilance and alert
ness i'll the performance If their du-
ties the safety OF all who travel by
rail depends.
The Revenues.
There IN fhore heed Of stability
than Of the attempt to attain an ideal
| perfection in the methods of. raising
revenue; and The shock aid Strain
to the busiless world certain to at
tend any serious change in these
methods rendering such change mad
visable unless for grave reason.
But in time of peace the revenue
must on the average, taking series
of years together, equal the eSpen-
ditures or else the revenues must
be increased. Last year there was
a deficit. Unless our expenditures
can be kept within the revenues
then our revenue laws must be re-
adjusted.
But In making this statement
must in no wise be understood as
advocating the false economy which
is in the end the worst extravaganza.
To cut down on the Navy, for in
stance, would be a crime against the
Nation. To fail to push forward all
work on the Panama Canal would be
as great q folly.
One Of the most effective instru-
ments forth peace is the Monroe
Doctrine as it has been and is being
gradually developed by this Nation
and accepted by other nations.
National Park Reservations.
The President recommends to the
Congress the enlargement Of the
! bounds Of the Yellowstone National
Park, the protection of the Niagara
Falls and the establishment Of such
other park reservations as Congress
may see fit to set apart. The great
benefits of these national parks to
science as well as to the health and
happiness of the people is pointed
out.
The Eague conference.
This tribunal, established for the
purpose of arbitrating matters of in
ternational difference, has already ac-
complished much good. Matters of
armament and defense and also the
duties of neutral powers in time of
war have been brought and dis
cussed before this high tribunal, and
a better understanding between the
nations of the earth has already
| grown out of the meetings.
The Civil Service.
The civil service law has been on
the statute books for twenty-five
years. Every President and vast
| majority of the heads of departments
who have in office during that period
have all along been strong advocates
of the merit system The more
| thoroughly its principles have beer
understood, the greater has been the
| favor with which the law has beer
| regarded by administrative OF
ficers. Any attempt to carry on the
great executive departments Of th'
| Government without this law woult
inevitably result in choas. The Civi
| Service Commissioners are doing ex
cellent work; and their compensa
ton is inadequate considering TIL
service they perform.
- Labor.
The National Government has a
a rule but iittle occasion to deal witt
the formidable group of problem
connected more or less directly witt
what is known as the labo, o.,lest,on,
for in the great majority ii eases
\ these problems must be aalt with BY
\ the State and municipal authorities
4 and not by the National Government
1 Insurance.
The great insurance companies af-
| ford striking examples Of corpora
A tions whose business has extended SC
| far beyond the jurisdiction "f The
N State which created them as to pre-
a clude strict enforcement Of suparyi-
sion and regulation by the parent
\ States.