davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1905-02-17
A Locn,t,s Dreathing.

Hold locust between your fingers
and watch the breathing movements
Of the body. Professor Packard says,
There We're sixty-five contractions in
minute in a locust which had been
held between the fingers about ten
minutes" How does that compare with
the number of breaths you take each
minutef Insects of swiftest fight
breathe most rapidly.-St. Nicholas.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1905-02-17

He reading about the latest society
wedding They have lot to say about
what the bride wears, but they have
nothing to say about the poor bride
groom. She-They have no need to,
because it is a well known fact that he
usually wears a worried look.-Boston
Globe.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1905-02-17
DR.. VIM. @. BoteIer

Limits his practice to diseases of the
Eye, Ear, Nose, Throat and Catarrah.
Permanently located in Frederick.
Office, over Citizens Bank South East
corner Patrick and Market streets.
Guarantees the proper adjustment o..
all Spectacles. Makes no charge for
spectacle examinations.
Ian. q. 1902
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1905-02-17

EMPRESS SALON AND HALL OF STATUARY
IN GATsHINA PALACE.
ments of great beauty. 1t was the ia
vorite residence of the Emperor Alex
ander III.
There are fine art galleries, one Of
the most stately of the apartments de
voted to this purpose being the hall of
statuary shown in the picture repre-
duced herewith. There are 600 rooms
in the palace, and fine theater is in
cluded in the royal residence, where
the imperial family may witness the
atrical or musical productions without
going to a public resort.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1905-02-17

Baltimore and Ohio Railroad
Very Low Rates to Wash.
ington, on Account of the
Inauguration of Presi d en- t
Roosevelt
From points 100 miles or less
from Washington, tickets will be
sold at one aud on third fare for
the round trip. good going March
3rd and 18th, and returning. good
leaving Washington until March
Sth, 1905, inclusive.
From points more than 100
miles from Washington. East of
the Ohio River. tickets will be
sold at one fare, plus % cents,
for the round trip. good going
March 2nd. 3rd and 4th. and
returning good leaving Washing
ton until March Sth, 1908. inclu
Sive.
By depositing ticket will
joint agent at Washington not
later than March Sth, and on
payment of fee of Sl00 at the
time OF deposit, an extension of
final return limit will be granted
to leave Washington not later
than March 18th. 1905, inclusive.
For additional information call
on Ticket Agents, Baltimore and
Ohio Railroad.
feb. 10 / t.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1905-02-17

Mary Pearl, aged Is years,
daughter of Corielius and Cath.
crime Pearl. OF Hagrrstown, form
erly a resident of Thurmont, died
at the home of her parents, in
HagerstOwn, on February Ii.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1905-02-17
ABOUT THE COUNTY
Something About the Current
Events Transpiring in the
Surrounding Agricul-
tural Districts.

correspondents will bave their reports In
lur hands not later than Wednesday morn.
ing 10 insure publication. We would prefer
receiving same on Tuesday.
Correspondence solicited from all parts of
the county.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1905-02-17
rections given. treat the seed that he
sows in such way as to increase by
many times the yield of his field.
CARS GATSHINA HOME.
Grand Palace, Which Is One of the
Autocrat's Hiding Places.

Since the exciting events in the vi
cinity of the Winter palace at st. Pc
tersburg the Emperor Nicholas ii. has
visited some of the many other pal
aces which he owns. He passed some
time. it is said, at the Gatshina pal.
ace. twenty-five miles from St Peters
burg. Here the whole town is owned
by the emperor, and the palace, which
was built in 1910. contains many apart
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1905-02-17

An old tradition says the Aztecs werS
one Of seven powerful tribes that
emerged from seven caverns in a re-
gion called AZtlan, or place of the
heron. They wandered away from
their fellows after great confusion Of
tongues and settled in the region they
are known to have Inhabited This
tradition may be partly fabulous, but il
is sure that the Aztecs settled the
country before the eleventh or twelfth
century.
All the tribes lived in peace for a
considerable time until the strong be-
gan to encroach upon the territory of
the weaker. Then a fierce war for su-
premacy over the whole territory en-
sued and lasted many years. Under
the leadership Of their military chiefs
the Aztecs obtained control Of the
whole territory and established yery
enlightened form of government. This
Suaa onpsnnar mo tod On 1904 or 1903
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1905-02-17
Horses as Swimmers.

Deer and horses rank next to bears
in swimming powers. Deer swim
rapidly and gracefully, and it is not
uncommon for them to cover a dis
lance of ten or even fifteen miles in
the water. Horses are powerful swim
mers and have none of the aversion
toward entering the water which is
often shown even by animals which
can swim well when forced to. A
number of horses that were pastured
on the American side of the Niagara
river once swan in company across
this broad stream in order to return
to their old stables. 1t may be useful
to know that in crossing a body of
water with a horse the best method.
II the horse is expected to swim any
considerable distance, is to slide over
his back, hold the animal lightly by
the tail and allow 1t to tow you across.
This relieves the horse of the weight
Of the body and enables him to swim
faster and much farther than other
wise would be the case.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1905-02-17

A fatal horse disease called
''putrid fever" has made its APP
pearance in lower Maryland. 1t
is said the malady kills the
animals in a very short time.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1905-03-19
HELD M. PLEHVE RESPONSIBLE.

Yes. for the shooting OF workmen Plehve Is
% Diane more than any one else. Although he
oio not give tho word Fire, he is guilty because
me Shooting initiated by him as Minister OF
Inc Interior. and by orders OF men who fulfilled
le orders OF him who had appointed them AS
ae od not punish the governors he himself sane
uonea their deeds and gave temptation 10 other
-ieA clSnitaries 10 act just cruelty.
fourth-The personal dignity OF the Russian
SauSens during Pehve's government subjected
= ehe basest humiliation; peasants and workmen
we're subjected TO wholesale corporal punishment
,0h Wahl and Obolensky received promotion and
."aIe Russian revoIutionists were beaten ana
honiated on every possible occasion in the police
@uons by the policemen a-A secret police. Kns-
en reVouuonists were Illuminated
-" beaten in prisons. and sometimes their position
Fis became so unbcarabe that they refused food
~ starved themselves in protest against insults
DHth-Plehve put the hungry heavy taxes
fHen the peasants. driven 20 extrenities by hum
ss5 want OF arabic land, and subjected by the
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1905-03-19
SIXTH AVE. 18TH s I'M SIS.

to +. He found that certified" milk kept two
days longer in the paper bottles than in the
glass ones. How faithfully these results would
be paralleled if the new device came into gen.
eral use commercially is not easily predicted.
and it is impossible to say what unforeseen de-
fects 1t may yet develop. DR.. Stewart is highly
enthusiastic, however. and the strength Of
his verdict a company has been organized to
manufacture the paper bottles. Within a few
months. DIT. Stewart says. it will have ten ma
chimes in operation. each producing 10000 bot
ties day.
Advocates of the new scheme insist that it
possesses many minor advantages y paper bot
tie weighs two ounces. whereas the glass one
holding a quart weighs twenty-four or more.
The carrying capacity of a delivery wagon
would be greatly increased-aImost doubled.
they say-because the driver would have no old
bottles 10 collect. The dealer would be sub
jected to no loss through breakage or the steal
ing of empty bottles. The Wholesale cost OF
glass bottles is about three cents for pints and
five cents for quarts. 1t is estimated that the
paper bottles viii cost not more than IS or SO
a thousand. or not to exceed cent apiece. In
view of the cOmpensations which are expected
to attend their use. DR.. Stewart thinks that
milk dealers would not be warranted in raising
their prices in consequence Of substituting the
new bottle for the old. However one important
effect which he anticipates from the Innovation
is that the operation of bottling will be trans
ferred from the headquarters of the city dealer
TO the dairy farm. Heretofore the danger OF
breaking during shipment has been a formida-
BILE obstacle TO such a change. which is ex-
tremely desirable from sanitary considerations.
and possibly that obstacle may now be re-
moved.
The operation Of washing returned milk bot
ties is to-day conducted with various degrees
q thOrOUghpeSS In
well done. Nevertheless. many shocking stories.
which probably have a good foundation are
told about the careIessress of lazy drivers OF
city milk wagons. 1t is said shat they often re-
MI dirty bottles without cleaning them at all
Even when the bottles are brought back TO the
milk shop TO be Teilled the task of preparing,
them for fresh service is often performed so
neglgCntly that they might as we'll have heen
let alone entirely. Obviously, if a milk bottle is
discarded forever after doing duty once. there
cannot be any risk 10 health from this source.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1905-03-19
GRASS coAsT,Ne IN SAN FRANCISCO
pa The San Francisco Chronicle.

From The san Francisco Chronicle.
One half the worlds coasters doesn't know how
the other half coasts The Canadian has his tobos-
gan, the mou1taineer his ski the rustic fastener
weather, the city boy his wheeled coaster for paved
streets; but here. the hil,sdes Of suburban San
Francisco a boy may coast without snow with
out a cement walk or an asphalt street-witho
even coaster, All he needs is 20 mount a piece OF
board the top OF hillside where there il a
vacant lot covered with dry ~sticiOer grass and
away he goes like sandbag out of a balloon
whOopns, screechins II wild excitement and
bOundleSs joy.
1t is a dangerous sport but no boy loves II less
for that. Even fun grown men have been known
TO break faith with life insurance companies forget
trousers in order and throw themselves for a mad
hour into this Intoxicating frOlc-
FCXtaii grass. or "stiCker grass IL Is com
monty called. is the terrier of gardeners. The seed
head OF fOXt1il is borne 2 -Odiike stem that "a
the season advances. becomes Stif and sleek like
wire polished with sand In this State. beginning
usually in the latter part of Maythe foxta makes
OF every hillside Upon which il appears an IN
rivalled coastng track
June is the ideal month for grass coasting Some
times the grass is not dry enough in May some
times il has been spoiled for later months by
Fourth OF July fires; but almost any June day. IL
you will walk about the slopes OF Bernal Heights
or of FarrounI, you may find boys enjoying this
sport either singly or ia groups. Occasionally a
long coard starts down precipitOuS descent, with
a sturdy steersman in front and row or other
boys squatted along upon its entire length On
the downward fight some of the coasters are
usually spilled. beginning. commonly. with the Ona
seated furthest back Often have watched them
and / have never seen OF these COURAGEOUS
youngsters seriously hurt Sometimes the board
strikes a stone, swings round and selscts n new
course, as IL it were a living thing
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1905-03-19

Senate. and in 1893 he died. Although 1t had been
understood that his fortune would ultimately go to
the university the greater part of it was left I'M
Ieservedly TO his widow. This marked no change
in the original plans. The two had worked out
their ideas together, their desires were one. and
Stanford knew that there was no way in which
their execution could be thoroughly assured as
by leaving everything in Mrs. Stanfords unchecked
control. There had been a board Of trustees from
the beginning. but it's functions had been purely
ornamental. AS long Stanford remained alive
there would be no other governing body
THE Central Pacific Railroad owed the govern
nlent over 100000. For many years the corpora
ton under the guidance of Coils P Huntington.
ATTEMPTED to evade the payment OF that debt
While this contest going on 1t occurred TO the
government that advantage might be gained by
bringing suit against the personal estates or the
men who had incurred the debt and. by an inspira-
ton of genius. the estates selected for the test
case the particular one that had been devoted
to public purposes suit for S5,OI0Ooo was brought
against the Stanford estate. the who's property
was tied up in the courts, and Mrs. Stanford was
left TO bear the entire expense OF defending an &C
ton in which Huntington and his partners were
the chief parties in interest.
THE court allowed Mrs. Stanford $4,000 a month
for her personal expenses She told President
Jordan that she could live on 500 month. as
she had done before and that the university could
have all the rest. She shut up her great houses
discharged most of her servants and lived in one
wing of her Palo Alto home. The professors were
asked to wait for part OF their salaries and did
so. They were still getting more than the woman
who furnished their money. The university scraped
along. Mrs. Stanford sold some personal effects
OF her own 10 meet its deficit. and prepared to
sell her valuable jewels and works of art. At
last the suit decided in her favor. and times
became easier.
THUS one OF the richest In the world
voluntarily reduced herself to the position of
person of modest means. But in doing she
n distinction all her There plenty of rich
women. but there is none or any either. who
has deliberately given to others a fortune
parable with that sacrificed by Mrs Stanford"
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1905-03-19

most favorable results. Consequently the trial is
put off day after day, until the seas surface is
without ripple. and not a breath Of wind blows.
The coal Is all hand picked and special crews os
stolSers told off who intimately acquainted
with the engines and boilers in all their bearings.
And off starts the Tri SvitteIia or the Dvenadsat
Apostolov to witch the world with the account Of
her noble scaworthiness.
The minds of Russian naval officers must be
cast In a truly Panglossian mould! Once the ship
is In commission she must II she remains at home.
lie idle for six months 1t is the fault OF Rus
sian sailors If their seas are closed by ice for
considerable portion OF the year. But in the South
the record is better. Vilefranche Toulon
Algiers seldom without Russian guest.
myself remember the old Mimi for six weeks in
the harbor of Port Royal And after three
weeks cruise. in which. of course. several other
harbors were visited. back she came again for an
other months stay. 1t may be that coal is too
costly orders from home imperative. but stil
1t strikes the stranger that the Russian sailor is
inordnately fond OF life in port. When there the
amusements offered for his distraction not al
ways of a nature to promote his efficiency.
The whole conception of his profession by a
Russian naval officer is intrinsically false His
idea is to preserve. not to risk. his ships. With
this object In view he piles stone stone, and
ranges gun gun in land fortresses surround
Ing his naval ports or dockyards. Under these his
ships ride silently at anchor. I remember showing
series of articles of great value that appeared in
The Times TO q Russian officer of distinction
years ago My remark to him after their perusal
was Well. after all. the soundest strategy In ma
val warfare is TO bring your ships alongside those
OF the enemy. The admiral. who had occupied the
post of Minister of Marine for time. made a
truly Enthusiastically Russian reply; Yes; that
is, if you have enough of them
THE sailor should look on the sea as the mis-
tress he loves, not fury to be feared. Success
will never follow If we shut up slips in port in
war, or teach sailors soldiers trade in peace.
Bravery will deny to the Russian officer or
sailor. But he must alter his mode of living his
whole training In fact. if he wants TO compete
with the naves of to-day"
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1905-03-19
PAPER MILK BOTTLES.
II Sanitary Reform Which Promises
Much.

Consumers of milk who have come to appre-
clate the value of purity and freedom from in
lection will be interested in idea that orig
mated In Philadelphia. Every who has stud
led the matter carefully knows that there are
several ways in which milk may become con-
taminated. II the dairy farm Is an ideal one
If the fluid is promptly cooled. if it's temperature
remains low during the period of transportation
II the city dealer into whose hands IL passes
on arrival is both honest and intelligent there
still remains a source Of possible mischief. Some
of the milk which is bottled before distribution
may be injured by a lack OF thoroughness in
cleaning the glass receptacles. after previous
use. 1t is against that particular piece Of care
lessness that 1t is now proposed to guard by
dscarding the present style of bottle altogether
and replacing 1t with another which. like the
cheap wooden plates sometimes provided for
pcnics, shall be used only once. The new bot
tie is to be made of heavy paper or pasteboard
manufactured out of spruce pulp. Dr. A. H.
Stewart, bacteriologist of the Board of Health in
Philadelphia, conducted series of tests with
it, and reports approvingly upon its qualities
Several previous attempts TO make a paper
bottle have failed from various causes. One
trouble resulted from moulding the article out of
pulp, and another from the thinness of the fin
ished product. Again, the flavor of the wood
would sometimes be impaired TO the contents
and the cost of manufacture high enough
to be Objectionable. In the latest experiment
most of these difficulties to have been
overcome. The bottles stamped out of
heavy three-ply paper. and a conical shape is
given to them to facilitate packing for ship
ment in nests The bottoms have double thick
ness, and their edges locked in such a way
that pressure from above adds TO their strength.
1t is said that weight OF two hundred pounds
The cover is stout. and has protruding lips for
convenience in removal. Glue is used in fasten-
ing the overlapping edges of the body, but
coating OF paraffine prevents it from affecting
the taste of the milk and renders the bottle
waterproof Sterilization by exposure to a tenn
perature of 212 degrees Fahrenheit is the final
operation TO which the receptacle is subjected
1t is intended to have half pint. pint and quart
sizes
DR.. Stewart sent to each of several Phiadel-
phia milk shops a bottle of the new kind and
one of the old sort, with request to I'LL both
and send to him. On receiving them he put them
on ice. Very often the glass bottle would show
signs OF leakage. but the paper bottles used re-
manned perfectly tight In every instance fewer
organisms were discovered in the paper bottles
than In the glass ones, the ratio being about /
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1905-03-19
MRS. STANFORD,S FAME.
Rich, but Endured PriUation for q
COLLEGE.

writer in Golfers Weekly" under the can
ton of "A Romance OF Philanthropy" reviews
the work of the late Mrs. Leland Stanford and her
famous husband. who died a dozen years ago.
Among other things the writer says:
In the early SUs Leland Stanford and his assoc
catcs Croker. Huntington and Hopkins. were
classed together in the public mind OF California
as 'soulless plutocrats' and tyrants Stanford was
nominated by the Governor Regent of the State
University. The Senate. controlled by the anti
monopoly Democracy rejected the nomination. II
is generally believed that but for this action there
would have been Stanford University. and
eventually great part. IL not ALL Of the Stanford
millions would have gone to the University of
California
The Stantords had a son whom they idolized
He seems to have been really remarkable boy one
of those fine souls oppressed by the burden OF the
world. He wove plans for the benefit of other boys
and girls. and his deathbed he begged his par
ents to carry them He died in 1854 at sixteen
leaving his father and mother crushed by loss
whose magnitude almost unsettled their minds
The world blank TO Them wealth had lost
its SAVIOR and they had thought but to devote
themselves and their fortune to the realization Of
their boys wishes and to the immortalizat ton Of
his name. They canonized his memory. and when
the Rev. Dr. Newman in his funeral sermon COM
pared the dead boy Christ among the doctors
the parallel which scandalized reverent strangers
seemed to the bcreaved parents only just appre-
citation OF his merits.
The next year the Leland Stanford. Jr. Univer-
sity was born It's queer touching re-
hinder Of its real founder In its museum. as in a
shrine were displayed odd little relics of the wor-
shipped boy-his clothes. his intimate personal be-
longings-ncongruous little things that made casual
visitors laugh The whole university his mon
ument. Its welfare became the absorbing passion
of the stanfords' life. A substantial endowment
was decided TO It at the start but for the bulk of
fits support it depended the continued generosity
OF its founders Leland Stanford was elected to the
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1905-03-19
GOVERNMENT MADE HIM WHAT HE is.

1.-The government made me a reVolutionist IL
declared me be outside the law. 1t forced me TO
the revolutionists' ranks.
INV relation 10 terror at first was unsettled L
admitted that in cases terror was indispensa-
HE but on account of the peaceful and productive
labor of the working classes did not feel justified
IN nroposng ii to the mass OF the revolutionary
,,arty I was sure that ~ of us could be found,
sensitive and decided, who would not be AFRAID 10
90 and nrotect the lives and no Tor of citizens.
Having become a revolutionist. was again ar
rested Even life in prison did not give me any
,eaca During the search they broke my arm and
et,etched NV mouth only because l wanted TO de-
:, row some papers. The search was so disgusting
that nv relatives thought was going mad and
would commit suicide. The gendarmes' from per-
soneI hatred did not give me peace even in prison
I'll ere they daily searched me. a humiliating
search from head TO foot Complaining TO the
-rocrreur did not help 1 was almost driven
mad by the daily disgusting behavior OF the gen
darmes To my complaints they answered: 1t is
not your business
"InteryieWs with relatives and my mother were
made q torture. thanks to the gendarmes' MY
mother was subjected TO rough treatment ana she
o advised not 10 have anything TO do with her
.dtspraceful SON. My complaint on this occasion
mas met with complain 10 the CHIEF OF the gen
darTnes .,,. T,ste1
as a protest against this brutality Iasteu
even DAVIS The governor. who came 10 me- Voio
- that the life of one student was nothlhg III
,orieon with the interests or the state ne
- -,1bt The year did not pass witport seeing
49,, .or,oce of many hundreds OF lives Tor the
s.ats Tho result Of my fast was -'na' WA s'''