The labor world. [volume] (Duluth, Minn.) 1896-current, 1905-04-29

properly wash ones face. Large fam
lilies are packed into two small rooms
and there can be no privacy. For the
benefit Of such as these we have set
aside certain days when they can have
the use Of the baths for the nominal
charge Of penny. Thousands of them
are taking advantage Of this oppor-
tun1ty, and as a result the death rate
Is decreasing, and so is the percen-
tage of crime. It was the same way
with the washhouses. When we first
started them the poor women did not
know what it was to have clean cloth
ing. 1t was a common thing to find
the water flowing from the extractor
very dirty, but the women imagined
their clothes were clean enough. BY
force of example and constant expla-
nation this has been overcome. They
now take pride In doing good work.
For cents in your money a woman
oan do large washing and ironing
and be finished in less than four hours"
School children are taught to swim
and classes are formed and drilled in
life saving. Prizes are awarded for
proficiency land expert swimming has
become one of the regular courses in a
common school education. Although
Manchester's bath system is now one
of the best in the world. the plans for
the Immediate future contemplate al
most double the present capacity.
The cleansing department of Man
chester is probably the largest in the
world and deserves a more extended
hot Foil
1t is distinct type of municipal en-
terprise and Is successful attempt
to reduce to minimum the expense
and discomforts Of street cleaning and
the disposal Of sewage. To this end
the city has become a manufacturer on
large scale and is the landlord of
farming estate Of 1888 acres, or nearly
six square miles Of land. The cleaning
committee includes the lord mayor as
member and is responsible for the
sweeping and watering of streets, pas
sages and courts and for the collection
and disposal Of night soil and other
institutions. The committees employ
1900 men and 420 horses, with large
numbers Of vans and carts, steam tugs,
fleet Of boats, four locomotives and
twenty railroad cars. It builds It's vans
and carts, keeps in repair the immense
machinery plant and rolling stock used
in the department, makes and sell har-
ness, brushes, receptacles for closets,
manufactures concentrated manure,
mortar, soap, oils, grease, disinfecting
powder, dyes and many other products
which otherwise would 60 to waste.
The manufacturing plant in the par
ish Of Beswick is one of the most ex-
tensfve institutions in England, and a
visit to it will well repay the munich
pal student who desires to become in
formed on the best modern methods Of
solving one Of the great problems con-
fronting cities.
Several years ago there were two
great marshes situated in the suburbs
Of Manchester. One belonged to Lord
Darlington and was called Darlington
Moss. 1t was undrained and unculti-
waited. The city purchased it for $780,
000 Near 1t was another tract Of 1885
acres belonging to Sir Humphrey de
Trafrord. This was in deplorable con-
dition. It was occupied by tenants who
pay rent for their tumbledown novels
and Doggy land. The city purchased it
for about 100000.
On both Of these estates It proceeded
to drain the land, tear down the old
farmhouses and erect new ones. For a
mile and half the estate faces the
new ship canal and will some day be
lined with factories. In the meantime
the city has built railroads which con-
vey fertilizers from the city and carry
back the farm produce raised by the
prosperous tenants who now pay rent
to the city. The largest farm on the
estate contains 400 acres, for which the
tenant pays SO an acre. Valuable veg
etable crops are raised, and where once
was a. dreary and disease breeding
marsh there are now miles Of fertile
and productive land under high state
Of cultivation. It is the verdict Of the
highest authorities that the Manchester
system Of utilizing refuse il the most
perfect in existence.
The expense of the cleansing depart
ment for the last fiscal year was $780,
900, and this was made possible by the
fact that the receipts from the manu-
featuring plant and the farm estates
reduced the cost by the impressive
amount Of $240,O00.
TRAVEL IN COMFORT
to California Through tourist cars
leave Minneapolis and st. Paul each
Tuesday and Saturday for California,
avoiding change OF cars for through
passengers. For rates, berth reserva-
No Qd4raag