davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1905-06-24
THE INVENTION OF PAPER.
A Chinaman Who Lived in the Time
Of Christ Was the In
ventor.

Paper was invented 10y a Chinaman
who was contemporaneous with Christ.
He was a secretary a. court during
the reign OF kwang Wa. q prince who
reigned A. ~. 25-5S In early AGES
when the Chinese had no written
language. they had no special need Of
paper. Real estate transfers were Ger.
tilted by means OF a piece Of cord. in
which knots were tied according to
the humber Of acres sold or the price
paid But as population increased and
business transfers became more fire.
quent, something more definite than
the cord was needed. and the art Of
writing came into use. At that time
the deed OF purchase consisted Of a
few letters On bit Of bamboo AS
knowledge increased and literature be
gan 60 Dee cultivated. legal and histor.
ioal records became more numerous.
These bamboo strips We're then found
20 be heavy and cumbersome. and the
need Of a lighter and less bulky ma
terial was felt
The secretary. Ts'ai Lun. then be-
gan his experiments ia paper max
ing. How long be worked before he
met with success is not known But
at any rate. the materials with which
he experimental. and 81 which paper
was formed. are with an the expert
ence which has since been gained
found 20 bee the best for the purpose
Though the Chinese have since sab
stituted other materials for the forma
ton of the pulp from which their pa
per is made-purely for economical
reasons-Ts' at Lun had the satisfac
tion Of accomplishing that for which
he had worked The manner Of man
ufacture soon became generally known
and paper factories were established
in all parts Of the kingdom. With the
spread Of learning. which received an
impetus from the facilities afforded by
this invention. the demand for paper
soon exceeded the supply. Old RAGS
were not plentiful nor cheap enough
10 permit Of paper being made and
sold as cheaply as was necessary OF
desirable. Accordingly. experiments
were made with other substances, and
proved successful
A recent discovery In the manufac
ture OF paper iS exceedingly interest
Ing and liable 20 prove a great advan
tage 20 the western farmers. Il hat
been found that the stalks OF corn. OF
rather the shining coat which enwrap'
the soft pulp Of the b. x. can bS
used for making wrapI and note
paper a superior kind OF cardboard
and the best OF stationery. Thus 4
corn crop crisped by the burning
winds till the milk Of the corn is dried
up and the grain rendered unfit fo'
any use may. by means Of this new
process, be turned into dollars for th'
farmers pocket
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1905-06-24

smother view. The next morning he In
sisted that ! should put every man In
line. and was ashamed OF them. they
seemed SO nerveless and unmartial after
their spree. The colonel smiled as my
poor fellows scrambled into position at
platoon front like a lot OF spawned
horses. but the land began TO play. the
bugle CORPS did its best. the colonel
roared out the command to march. and
forward we went
We had a mile to march before we
entered the city. and when we struck
the main street. along which our divi-
sion was 70 pass IN review. my men were
alert. self-poised and dignihed The
soldier spirit was "a control. and as they
marched they warmed to the work, and
did better because Of the uusoldierly
record OF the uiebt before AS luck
would have IL. The supreme test came
just as we passed Gen. Buell. Some one
threw crcckeSs II my company from the
upper windows of large house. and
even the Cignlfed general lost his COM
pOsure. knew my men must be 10 ugly
mood. and Z expected a demonstration.
! did rot know them then as well as
! did later Not a man batted an eye
or lost step. Buell. looked at them mo-
ment. the soldiers pride in soldiers
shining in his eye. Then he said. quiet
~ 70 one OF his stan: Arrest every per
son lie that house and hold all subject to
my orders. expected this 10 cause
a connection in tue ranks but only one
man said Bully for Buell. and ne
didn't turn his head. was never
prouder IN my life than when we
marched past the general commanding.
and knew that the soIdierly spirit IN
Ger the influence of martial music and
scene bad tr.umphed over the weakness
imposed boy debauchery But il was a
narrow escape. Inter Ocean.
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1905-06-24
us Enr.ehls Position.

"Hum-haw, grumbled the old Cod
ser. whose rheumatism had driven him
into giving pretty fair imitation OF
a dissruntled hyena. Talk. about pud
dingsi To my mind Robinson Crosoe
ort 20 have considered himself pretty
dad-dogsed llcEily fixed. Being ont
OF humanity reach he had nobody
10 borrow money from him but his
man Friday. aud ali he had TO dc
when be wanted Co collect it was to
take il out oi Fridays wages. Haw-
hum, Puck
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1905-06-24
REcoLLEcr1oNs Oh

Il knew him veil" the oic man said
We were together in the night:
with the left when the charge was led
rhs general Of course. had the right.
4 stood by his side" the old man said
When a bullet whizzed down the line.
Scarce forty feet from The generals head
And but little farther from mine
-D.e bianeh at the storm - the old man
said.
"hh SIT the bravest NAV:
Ana from chlchCod Or I've been Always
afraid
OF finding myself Ia the way
shall I write thee dcw n. o hero" said
As a friend OF ire faler a. #.
Ana blazon ;hs name teslce that Of tho
dead
IN g.Utious a.to-re1ef7"
NAY. his f-iercs were many" the ola
man SAID.
A greater distinction want
lust SAY n ne cre when az was done
Wrote no 'hccCleCtiors 81 Grant
Charles Eeirs Webb. ln Century
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1905-06-24
sATTLE q &c RlVER.
a Decisive Affair Which brought Re
lief to tie Northwest from In
dian peFlecations

The battle at Bear River with the rene
gade outlaws Of The different TRIES Of
Utah and Montana Indians was one Of
the hardest fights and The most success
ful one that White troops ever engaged
in. Rumor Gains but Two or three Of
them escaped gnree hundred OF them
fortified themselves in cave on the op-
posite side Cf The river from where the
troops we're They had their sQuaws.
pappooses ponies dcgs and grub all in
side. ano waited the coming OF the vol
unteers and Col Conner They would
serve him as they did Col stephens
command 81 regulars a few years before
r Edward Conner a think his name
vasl. colonel q the Third California.
called FOR 25e volunteers from his com
manc a. Camp Douglas salt Lake City.
writes ". y. Parker sergeant. company
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1905-06-24
HIS SOLDIERS WERE CANE.
Martial Dignity cvercsme Their
Nervousness from IstaUch, and
They Made Fine Showing.

Speaking OF soldier dignity" said
he major. reminds me OF some very
trying experiences in the old army in
he first year OF the war The day before
Buells army was 10 march through
Nashville, about half 0. the men 81 my
company Eot silly drunk. Up TO that
time my company was thing TO be
proud Of. and ] had looked forwara to
the march through Nashville Win pc as
urable antiCipations, and the co.onel
had told me that be expected my COM
pany tC head the regiment and brigade.
When I found so many OF the men
were drunk / was furious and ! went
to the colonel with tale of wee. was
intent on tying up every delinquent, but
the Colonel. who INDUCED himself. took
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1905-06-24

was the very prettfest" should be 1T
was the best " 1t was the highest" 1T
was the longest. 1T was the largest, -
1T was the prettiest"
Note.-Ayoid the use of the word very
before superlatives. II does not make
the best any better; the highest. any
higher, the longest. any longer
Don't say veterinary" for ''veterinar-
ian"
Example; a veterinary disappears"
should be a veterinarian disappears. -
or "A veterinary surgeon disappears. 81
Note.-The word veterinary is an ad-
jective
Don't say vicinity for "neighbor-
hood"
Note.-One may live in the vicinity
and not live In the neighborhood. The
neighborhood is the immediate vicinity.
Don't say "voraoity" for ''veracity"
Example; lie IS esteemed for his
voraeity." should be He is esteemed
for his veracity."
Note.-A man may have a reputation
Tor voracity. but it is not one for which
he viii be esteemed.
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1905-06-24
Valiant Volunteers

During one of the frequent revolu-
lions in Hayti the commander OF the
government forces at Port au Prince
made a requisitlon on the authorities
az Cape Haytien for men 10 aid IN
putting down the uprising.
After a somewhat rough experience
of two or three days, the authorities
got together the required number OF
men and loaded them aboard ship.
Then the following message was sent:
Commander Government Forces
Port az Prince-Sir: / send you per
Str. Saginaw to-day 100 volunteers.
Please return the ropes with which
they are tied. Commander at Port
Haytien. "-Youths' Companion
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1905-06-24

rEEN CHARGED ACROSS THE RIVER
D. Third California battalion. Salt Lake
City. 10 the National Tribune There
were cavalry and infantry, With one
howitzer which never got into the fight
IL was midwinter. deep snow. and be
low zero They started TO give battle
on arriving Al the crossing OF Bear
river. The Indians hooted and dehed
hem. holding aloft pole with a white
woman scalp. caring them 10 come on.
Those men veut there 90 fight. They
Jumped into the river and waded across
from waist 90 Ermpit deep. No sooner
bad they struck the banks than they
were one solid sheet of ice That was
the condition the infantry was in when
hey opened the heht The cavalry
crossed on their horses and offered
hem 10 the infantry il they would wait
until they could send them hack. but
they would rot
The Indian warriors were all killed
many sQUaws AID pappooses also got
IN the way Of bullets. sabers and bayo-
uets. When the charge on the fort was
made and the troops got inside IL was
hand to-hand 10 the finish saber or car
Dine In hand. The infantry fought with
bayonet and CLIMBED musket The
ponies were driven 20 Camp Douglas.
grub destroyed. and the worst band Of
renegade outlaws on the plans made
good Indians
Many OF our BOYS were killed that
Jay and many badly frozen. and had 20
be left at Mormon houses on the way
back
| Another as good fight was made by
Companies L and II Second cavalry. in
| Spring Valley New. nov known as Cold
aeld mining camp In that fight they
made more good ia5ians than there
were men in the TWO companies.
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1905-06-24

The set" o: the saw. and should be
on the extreme poin; OF the saw teeth
,nly.
When the points only are set the
cav will work more freely and TIE
danger Of springing OF bending the
blade Of the saw while setting viii he
avcidei.
Wien using the ripsaw the front or
cutting edge OF the saw blade should
ee beld at an angle Of about As de-
grees 10 the surface of the board. as
shown in Fig. 10
This brings The back OF the teeth at
nearly right angles to the fibers - he
wood and insures an easy shearins
cut
For hard and well seasoned WOOD
the handsaw requires very little set
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1905-06-24

larged view Of f.w teeth OF a cross
cut saw shcwln- the form of the
teeth. not oriy ou the haudsaw. but
On all saws designed TO cut across the
hbers Of tte wocd
AS on the r.pssw. the teeth should
boz set on the extreme points only. and
when fling the f.c is held horizontal.
but at an angle ol about 60 degrees C.
the side of saw blade
IL is not our intention % suggest IN,
work for practice IL the use of the
haudsaw as Che correct use will be-
acquired gradually while cutting out
stock for different articles a. may be
required later
In general We would say 20 the oe-
Ginner do not press on or force the
saw 20 cut too rapidly Hold the
saw firmly in The hand with the hrsi
finger pressed -raiust the side of the
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1905-06-24

handle and run B.: lightly and freely
In the kerr or cot taking time to see
that the line is followed exactly. and
thus avoid an wasteful and crooked
edges on the work which must after
ward be planed OF
While saving be careful 10 stand in
such a position as 20 saw the edge
square with the surface OF the board
This position may be tested from
time 20 time Dy setting a try square
on The board and against tie side OF
the saw. a. In Fig Il.
Backsaw.
The bRCksaw shown IN Fig. % is used
or The bench. and is a bench saw. be-
ing used for light fine work and tor
fitting and dovetailins The filing ana
setting are the same as already de-
scribed for handsaws. Backsaws are
made Of many sizes. a 10 or l2-inch
Will be convenient size for general
use. As the metal back holds and
sti1ens the saw. d thin blade should
always be selected When using. hold
with one hand only.
Never under any circumstances press
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1905-06-24
delicate Question Of Service.

Bah Jove old Eel. was wanting
20 see you. YOU know. had just hac
my man call you up at your apart
ments. but got no answer. Not home
J SUPPOSE" "Ob. yes, deah boy. But
you know. my man doesn't like 10 an
swer the phone when ] am theah my
self He says it puts him too much in
the light OF a serving man. don't chez
know. and. of course. could not thinl
Of doing il myself when he's theah. ole
fel" replied Spendrite.-Clnc.nnat
Commercial Tribune.
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1905-06-24

PIG Y

on the saw with the other hand but
run the saw very lightly on the wooC
Should any trouble be found in
starting the cut. first draw the saw
backward against the finger OF the
left hand, when grips the block Of
wood being sawed.
Much trouble is sometimes found by
beginning 40 starting the cut the tend
ency being 10 cot TOO deeply into the
wood. especially II the saw is shaip.
making II hard 10 begin The cut close
70 the line, AMI often splitting on a
corner from the wood. TO avoid this
trouble. hold the handle OF the saw
high. as shown n fig. %. drawing the
saw backward with pulling stroke
toward the operator. and steadying the
blade of the saw with the first finger
of the left hand. This Will made a
slight kerf, which can be increased by
a very light pushing stroke Al eacn
succeeding stroke gradually lower the
handle end Of the saw until a hori-
zontal position is gained. The saving
must in all cases be done with a light
lifting stroke, without any forcing into
the wood. using long, steady strokes so
as 10 use the entire length Of the
saw. and 20 bring all the teeth into
use.
If they can be afforded, two back
saws will be found very convenient
one l2-inch Tor general work. and
/ fled 70 c-osscut. and a ten-iRch filed
TO cut with the grain OF the wood. Z,
be used for doyetaiiing and othe
often recurring work of this kind II
use a backsaw in such a. way as 10 fol
low closely 10 The dimension line. an'
do exact aud closely fitting work. re
-.-------
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1905-06-24
Us One suit.

"Heno!" exclaimed Galley, in his
usual boorish way. You here? Why
haven't you got your Sunday clothes
on?"
Il have got them on" replied
Poorley. with a conscious flush.
NONSENSE those are the clothes
you wear every day"
Wen. Sundays day, isn't it?"--
Philadelphia Press.
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1905-06-24

Young MAJ said the old beau TO
the clerk IL the lawyers Office. hand
ing him a rln of bills TO satisfy the
damages IN the breach of- promise suit
let this be an example cf table man
ners for you"
Table manners for me? How SO
MI Gsytird?"
IF ! hadn't spooned too much,
wouldn't have hal t. fork over all this
money. Judge.
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1905-06-24

e.
quires from the beginner a consider
able amount of careful practice.
To all who wish TO acquire skill ir
the use Of this Important tool. we
recommend the following exercise tor
practice: Take any block Of wood
from y 10 10 inches long about two
inches wide. and from one and one
half TO one aud three-fourtns inches
in thickness, and with a try-souare
and sharp-pOinted pOcketknife lay
out lines, as partially shown in Fig.
"A, on the front. upper aud back sides
OF the block The knife cuts must be
at least One-sixteenth inch deep. and
oDe-fourth TO throe-eighths inch dis.
tant one from The other Next pro-
coed 10 saw up The block into the thin
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1905-06-24

sa<dt time it should be SO close as &c
feave nc wood 20 oe smoothed OF with
plane or chisel
The block used need not be Of he
exact dimens,ou- given above but
may be from two and one-half 10 foui
inches wide. and from one 20 one and
three fourths inches in thickness. A
thick block. however affords ;he best
practice a Few hours spent IN care
ful saving as above directed Will en-
able anyone 20 rso the b cksaw sue
cessfully. This is one OF the most
important drills IA the use OF tools as
outline and fitting with saw en-
ters into the construction OF almost
every article We undertake 70 make
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1905-06-24

inch. When filing the ripsaw. the fle
must be held horizontal and at right
angles TO the side Of the saw
The teeth should be fled with all
the bevel on the back Of the tooth, as
shown at "B" n Fig II The front or
throat of the tooth must BE- at right
angles 10. or square with. the tooth
edge Of The blade, as at "A" in the
same Illustration. The position OF the
line &C D" whether perpendicular, as
In the Tipsaw. or slantiug as in the
crosscut saw, is called the pitch Of
the tooth" In order 20 have the
blade Of the saw work freely, and TO
give it clearance (see Fig 49,, the
points Of the teeth are slightly bent
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1905-06-24

What are the constituent
properties OF milk?
Young Walker Chalks ison Of dairy
man)-The What, sir?
Examiner looming down peg)-How
is milk made?
Young Walker Chalks with depre-
catory smile PIE ase, sir, don't think
father would like NE TO say.-Aiiy
Sloper.
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1905-06-24
DONT'S
For Speaker and
/ Writer
Ready Reminder OF Errors in u
the Use of Common WORDS,
Arranged Alphabetically

BY EDWARD Is. wARMAN. An
tAuthor OF Practical Orthoepy and Crit
iooe, The Voice How 10 Train il.
How 70 Care for It." Etc)
copyright. 1905. by Joseph Bowles)
Authors Note.-It is one thing 10 record
errors. quite smother 10 avoid them. He
VINO waits for the faultless one 10 east
me nrst Critical stone waits IA vain !:
therefore. as ore Of many working for
the oetterment OF the English language
l shall be pleased TO receive kindly criti-
eisrn, n, percha'lce. ]. TOO. have erred
one theory often is better than ones
pracuce- This Was exeuplined hy TIE
teacher Of language when he said TO his
class; Never use d proposition TO END
a sentence with"
Many years agc began &c be watchful
Of errors. noted them IN a little book
tbs book grew a. the years passed
prohted much. shall pront more j now
record them that 3 mas benefit others as
vel a. myself Many OF them are re-
corded for the first aue
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1905-06-24

That immigration has been. and will
continue 10 be. a source of incaiculable
power in the United States is a fact
we here assume. Our confidence IN
the American race of the future is due
70 the commingling on this continent
of the blood OF many peoples. II the
Immigrant is good for america, America
is also good for the ,zzaikrant-Ou
look
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1905-06-24
Pig

OF these the handsaw comes first
They are made from l6 To 20 inches
In length Of blade For our use and
indeed. for al work Of small or mod
crate size, the 20-inch saw shown In
Fig. l6 is the most convenient Hand
saws are OF Two general kinds-rip
and crosscut The ripsaw. as the name
indicates. is for cutting with The
grain. OF lengthwise OF the board 20
be sawed
A shoEt section Of such S saw Is IT,
Illustrated in FIG. IL. For pine or other
soft wood. a ripsaw having three teeth
or four points 10 the inch may be
used but for ordinary work. especially
for hard wood we would recommend
q ripsaw having six points. and q
crosscut saw ~ ten points 10 The
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1905-06-24
Progress IA China.

With its prospectec new army, navy,
arsenals and military schools. heathen
China will make quite a stride toward
likeness 20 the Christian powers.-
Milwaukee Sentinel
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1905-06-24

James McCardie OF Jamaica Plain.
Mass. 100 years ole, has since 1852
been drawing q pension as British
soldier al siXpence q day.
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1905-06-24
Cannot Visit United States.

The British war oH"e has declined
o allow the IRISH Guards band 10 visit
dties Of the United States in connec-
ion with its summer visit 20 Canada
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1905-06-24
A LESSON IN
MANUAL TRAINING
PRACTICAL POINTS FOR BOYS
WITH AMBITION AND
GENIUS.

Beginner Should Purchase Only Tools
Of GOOD ouaity-Handsaws Re-
guired-How 10 File Saw Teeth
Use CT Ripsaw and Crosscut Saw
-Backsaw and How 70 Use It-An
Exercise for Practice.
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1905-06-24
ros

enough 20 begin with phrase often
used ia this connection. OF the be-
ginning viii bc q failure. aud he
work too often fiven up in disgust.
For this reason. therefore we would
Rvoid al so-cailed amateur tools.
and buy only a few needed tools al
first hut O. the best quality. adding
to the list as others are needed.
Almost the FIRST tool required Is a
carpenters folding rule. Tor measur-
ing and for laying out the work 70 re-
duired dimensions. The 1f-inch rule
four-fold. shown .n Fig H. IS the most
convenient The rule Us SO easily
broken when among other tools. that
from the first the habit should be
formed Of folding 10 up after using. be-
fore laying Sc down on the work bench
OF elsewhere
Saws
Saws Of different kinds occupy ar
important place among the tools used
on handmade work OF an kinds. and
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1905-06-24

The old Brick house in Cincinnati
Z which Thomas Buchanan Read
wrote ''Sherldan's Ride" is 10 be torn
Town 70 make room for a factory.
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1905-06-24

Gyer-Short makes Light OF his trou-
bles
MyCr- How's thatt
Oyer saw collector hand him q
bin this morri0g and he lit a cigar
with it-Cinciauati Enquirer
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1905-06-24

The Cornerstone or a Great Reputation
Solomon exs lained how he got his
reputation for wisdom.
i always hed business that called
me away from town on moving day
be remarh I'd IN. Y sun.
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1905-06-24
Chance 10 Grnw-

Ceraid-A man called me a little fool
today
Geraldine - Wen Why don't you
grow Town Topics.
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1905-06-24

tCepyrght. 1875. by Joseph = Bowiesl
10 the choice Of tools for the be-
ginner only the best in quality should
be bought II is a great error 10 sun
pose that progress can be made. OF
mat satisfactory work can be done
with poor and cheap tools
Even the boy who has had no expe-
Fience whatever in their use should
DOT be furnished with something good
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1905-06-24

Don say 20 Tor at.
Example; I've been 20 school. i've
been 10 the opera. i've been TO
church, I've been 20 home. should be
I've been at school I've been at the
opera I've beer 81 church. I've been
OK home"
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1905-06-24

- - - - = - =
p -
~ =
Richmond planet. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1883-1938, 1905-06-24

Don't say ugly" for "homely."
Note.-Uriy has reference 10 disposi-
ton. homcly 20 appearance. one may
be homely and also ugly; such a one is
not 70 be euvied Homeliness is not to
be despised but ughuess is TO be
avoided