The Penn's Grove record., 1905-03-31
COMMISSIONER cARrIELo.s REPORT
It is Found to BE Favorable to the Great
Packers.

It is Found to Be Favorable to h Great
Packers.
The report Of Commissioner of Cor
%porations Garfield on the beef indus
Try, after about eight months inves-
igation in Chicago and elsewhere,
shows that there has been an normous
amount of exaggeration in the state
nents that have appeared for some
line past in regard to the beef bust
hess. This investigation was set on
''oot by a resolution of the House of
Representatives adopted March Z, 1904,
and the ascartained facts after a most
.igid examination of the methods and
general conduct of the business are
contained in a report covering 30S
cages. Its figures and tables conclu-
sively show that the popular belief in
enormous profits made by the large
packers, such as Armour & Co., Swift
& Co. and Nelson Morris & Co., and
in the exclusive control of the bust
ness which many think they enjoy, is
:eally without foundation.
The report made to President Roose-
welt by Commissioner Garfield is real
" the first official statement of the ac-
tual conditions of the beef business
that has been made, and as all the con-
illusions arrived at are based; as shown
0y him, upon data officially obtained,
there seems to be no reason why they
should not be regarded as reliable and
In all respects trustworthy.
This report shows why the price of
both cattle and beef advanced to the
highest level ever known after the
short corn crop of 1901, and states that
because of the decrease in number of
cattle and also in decreased weight,
the high prices of beef which caused
so much complaint among consumers
at this time were attributable wholly
10 these abnormal cattle prices"
All the figures of the Eve weight and
live cost Of all dressed beef cattle were
obtained from actual killing records,
and all information of every kind OBJ
tained by the Commissioner was volun-
tarily and freely offered by the pack
CIoy III OOOhS VI CCOIo duu DdDClS
connected with the business having
been placed at his disposal.
To make certain that the results Of
the investigation should be absolutely
accurate, the Commissioner states that
a double method of ascertaining profits
was adopted. and, without going into
detail here, it is found that the conclu-
sion arrived at shows an average profit
of 90 cents per head. The Commits
sioner says "the close parallelism in
the results of the two methods of as
certaining the profits confirms COM
pletely the correctness of the general
conclusions" 1t is clearly established
that western packers do not control
more than half of the beef supply of
the United States" the conclusion Of
the Commissioner being that the bust
ness done by them amounts TO "about
45 per cent" of the total slaughter of
the country.
The whole report is extremely inter-
esting and well worthy of careful pc
rusal. AS an official report it may be
it certainly leads the reader to the
conclusion arrived at by the Commits
sioner when he states that ''the CAPT
taliZation of o n of these concerns is
excessive as compared with it's actual
investment" and that from thorough
and rigid examination of original en-
tries in books and papers to which he
had access there was also indirect evil
dence that the profits of the packers
in their beef business are less than is
frequently supposed" as shown by
comparison between the total profits
and the total amount of sales.