davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1905-09-12

enter into a discussion of the cause
OF the decline in the birth rate, but
quotes from paper by DR.. John
Shaw Billings, recognized authorj-
ty, In which the subject is handled
boldly and some very pertinent opin-
ions are expressed Here is the quo
tation:
Does this diminution IN birth rates
indicate progressive dimlnution of
fertility in the power of either or
poth sexes to produce children ?
There Is no good reason for thinking
So 1t is true that 1t has been sug-
gested that alcohol, tobacco and
syphilis are producing deterlora-
ton Of races which is in part respon-
sible for the change, but of this there
is no evidence. So far as we have
data with regard to the use of intox-
icating liquors, the fertility seems to
be greatest in those countries and
among those classes where they are
most freely used
Is the lessening birth rate due to
changes in the mode of life of the
people, such as the progressive in
crease of migration from the rural
districts to the cities, the increase Of
wealth and luxury the so-called
emancipation of women" etc?
No doubt these things have some
Influence by diminishing the propor-
tion OF marriage at comparatively
early ages, and by favoring an in
crease in divorce and in prostitution.
but 1t is probable that the most i'm
portant factor in the change is the
deliberate and voluntary avoidance
or prevention of collaborating on the
part of a steadily increasing number
of married people, who not only pre-
Ter to have but few children, but who |
Know how to obtain their wish. The /
reasons for this are numerous.
The first is the diffusion of inform |
alton with regard to the subject of |
by means of popular and .
school treaties on physiology and hy-
giene, which diffusion began between
30 and 40 years ago Girls of 20
years of age at the present day know
much more about anatomy and ply
siology than did their grandmothers
at the same age, and the married
NpiiSI are ilucH DtlteG INFORMED as i
to the means by which the number
Of children may he limited than were
those of 80 years ago. To some ex-
tent this may also be true as regards
The young men, but | do not think
his is an important factor.
Another cause is the great increase
n the use of things which were for
nerly considered as luxuries. but
which now have become almost ne
'essities. The greater temptations to
expenditure for the purpose of Sc
'uring or maintaining social position,
md the correspondingly greater cost
If family life in what may be called
he lower middle classes, lead to the
iesire to have fewer children i'm or
Ter that they may be each better
provided for, or perhaps, in some
'ases, from the purely selfish motive
If desire to avoid care and trouble
md of having more to spend on So
ial pleasures.
Considered as one of the signs of
orces which are at work to modify
he existing conditions of society, and
ONE of which appear to be of evil
endency. this diminution of the ;
irthrate merits careful consideration {
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1905-09-12
BABY CROP SHORT
CONSTANT DECREASE IN
OREGON'S BIRTH RATE.
Oregon Formerly Was Leader of
All the States In the Increase. Bur
Now the Condition Is Reversed.

The census bureau, through a re-
Gently published bulletin, calls atten-
ton 20 the fact that the birth rate is
declining in Oregon faster than in
any other state in the Union, and Or
egon, which only As years ago held
the record birth rate of the United
States, is now rapidly nearing the
root of the list I'm 1860 the birth
rate in Oregon was nearly double that
in the entire United States; five years
| ago, according to the last census. Or
egon had fallen below the general
average and well below almost every
other state in the west, California ex-
cepted.
Oregon, good Roosevelt state on
political issues, seems to disagree
with MI Roosevelt on the race-sui-
eide question, for Oregon is tumbling
from its lofty position to the foot of
the list at a rate which, if kept up for
two more decades, will place Oregon
behind every other part of the coun-
try in this important respect.
In 1860, when the average birth
rate in the United States was 634
Chat is, when there were 634 child
rem under years Of age to every 1000
females between the ages of Is and
49), the birth rate in Oregon was
1896, the record for the entire coun-
try. Utah was a close second with
rate of 1924, more than one child
TO each potential mother. In the
state of Washington the rate was Just
1000, or one child to each potential
mother. There was no census i'm what
is now Idaho in 1860, but 10 years
later the census reached into that
territory. and a birth rate of 7l5 was
returned, or three children to every ,
-four potential mothers.
Forty-five years later, or i'm 1900, !
at the time the last census was taken. |
the average birthrate in the United .
States had declined 25 per cent and .
stood at 474. but Oregon failed to
equal that low average, where i'm 1860
she had nearly doubled the higher
average of the entire country. Ac-
cording to the last census the birth
actual decrease of 57l. or a fall of 81
per cent in As years. This is a great
er actual decline and greater per-
centage decline than i'm any other
part of the United States, and it is
AN almost steady decline from the
first. oregon, with its famous cli-
mate that tends to produce long life;
Oregon, that boasts of its centenarl-
ans, is now held up to public gaze i'm
another and less creditable line, and
the worst of 1t is the new reputation
is borne out by actual facts and fig
lres.
DIR. Billings Explanation.
Professor Wilcox does not himself
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1905-09-12
Where is the Gnme Mnrdena .

Thomas Brewster and daughter.
Miss Lizzie, are down from Lehman
Springs country for the winter. says
the Adams Advance. The balance of
the folks are expected down soon.
Mr. Brewster says that the grouse are
a scarce article in that county but a
number of deer have been killed there
this season. He says there are lot
of people around there who have no
almanac. henceAdo not know anything
about a closed game season.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1905-09-12
improvements in Younger Store.

Extensive improvements are being
made in the grocery store Of F. S.
Younger & Son. The whole interior
otherwise remodeled i'm preparation
for the fall and winter business. When
the improvements are finished the
store will be one of the neatest and
best arranged groceries in the city.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1905-09-12
ALBA NEWS NOTES
HARVEST ENDED AND GOOD
YIELDS IN THIS VALLEY.

Nebraska Cattle Buyer Fails to Make
Purcl1ases-Longest Drouth Ever
Known IIere-J. S. Mcleod and
Family VIII Return to the Valley
Next Spring-CattIe Found Dead.
Shot by Miscreants-SawmilI VIII
Itesume OperatiOns-Eighty Head
Of Beef Cattle Sold to Sound Mar
ket.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1905-09-12

by statistlcians. soclologists, politi-
clans, and all who are Interested in
the physical and moral wel-belng of
the inhabitants of this country.
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1905-09-12

Alba, Sept. 10.-Weather warm
and dry and the roads more dusty
than ever before known here.
The harvest is now all gathered
and all stored away without any
rain to bother. This is the longest
period known heer in the summer
season without rain
There are two small threshing ma
chimes now at work in the valley.
The grain is yielding we'll.
There was a Nebraska cattle buyer
here last week. He wanted about
400 head of stockers and feeders and
would take cows and calves if the
prices would suit. He has not made a
buy yet.
J. $. Mcleod and family, of the
Dixie ranch, who have been living
here all summer have returned to
their winter quarters in Pendleton.
They are well pleased with their
summer home, and will return again
in the spring.
a. $. QUAINT and family have gone
to Portland to attend the fair.
J. II. Ross and wife. who attended
the marriage of their son, AIilt, in
Pendleton, continued their journey
to Portland and will attend the fair.
James Shipp and wife are rusticat-
ing in Portland.
Eighty head of beef steers left here
Saturday morning for the sound
market. They belonged to ]. Nelson.
George McGauhe and Jim Morse
Herbert Thompson is running a
milk wagon to Ukiah for the cream
cry.
The Alba sawmill will start up in
a few days.
GnifIn Shnt LIZ. Ii-nInnna..
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1905-09-12
Cattle shot by Miscreants.

Cattemen riding on the range
eight miles from here on Meadow
creek. have found nine head of dead
cattle, supposed to be shot by some
unknown person. They have been
dead for some time. The matter is
under investigation
East Oregonian : E.O. (Pendleton, OR) 1888-current, 1905-09-12

DIR. Billings Explanation.
Professor Wilcox does not himself
The Greenville times. [volume] (Greenville, Miss.) 1868-1917, 1905-11-11

PLAN
w have PUT price $500 lot onehal their rea vat
pavabe on the plan $500 he day before
the delivery and balance until paid On three lots will
be erected three houses $4,000 each and every purchaser OF
lot has chance for $500 After all the
lots are sold distribution will he and warranty deed given ean
purchaser for the property drawn.
The Greenville times. [volume] (Greenville, Miss.) 1868-1917, 1905-11-11

PROPERTY
This growing growing
in that direction few part will
thicky populated and will
vice and buy years You
take $4,000 for any N edition
FOR Full PARTICULARS
Come and and let epl ain i to
REFERENCES
For fair dealings and city,
Make remiances Order, Registered to
Church Shelon GreenVle
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1905-03-24
Anetion SALES fomorrow.

Mr. Samuel n. l.un', aucnoneer,
will sell Al public auction IN front Oh the !,
Roval street entrance to the City Hall
at noon tomorrow the following prop
erty: -. .,.
corner of Queen and Pitt streets
Lot of ground with improvements on
the east side of Patrick street between
King and Prince.
Lot of ground with buildings on the
east side of Fayette street near Duke
Lot of ground with improvements on
the west side of Patrick street, near
Cameron.
lot OF ground with improvements on
the east of Henry street, near Queen;
Lot of ground in the square bounded
BY Columbus, Prince, King and Alfred
streets.
House No. 2O7 south Peyton street,
containing five rooms.
Mr.. Lunt will sell at $3.50 O'CLOCK
tomorrow afternoon in front 'oi the
premises two lots Of ground with the
improvements in Northwest Alexandra
(Braddock Heights) known as iots nos.
10 and 20 in square No. 20 upon tne
subdivision of the property OF the North
west Alexandra Improvement Company.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1905-03-24
The Ferry.

The prospect Of the early Resumption,
of the ferry line between this city ano
Washington is pleasing to many VINO nave
daily business intercourse with the capt.
tai CITY. as well as to numbers OF others
who prefer to make the trip between the
two cities by water. The gentlemen COM
posiug the new company have entered
the movement with energy aud as socn
az possible they will have boats on Inc
line. A prominent member OF the Or.
oanization told an Alexandra merchant
and manufacturer yesterday that it will
reouire about four months time in which
10 construct two boats of the class design
ed by the new company, but 10 the mean
time the company will endeavor to pro-
cure two suitable boats fol immediate
use ON the line which will be continued
in service until the new steamers shall
have been built.
Mr.. G. @. Leadbeater, ofthis city, has
been officially notified by officers OF the
company of the transfer OF the property
of the old Washington and Alexandria
Ferry Company to the new organization
and the filing of the necessary papers IN
Washington. 1t is the purpose OF the
company to construct handsome and COM
modioas terminals for the new line. Some
directors of the Norfolk and Washington
Steamboat Company areinterested in the
new ferry, which enterprise has the good
will of the first. named organization.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1905-03-24
Italian Immigrants.

The Mattino of Naples in an article on
Italian emigration to the United States,
says: "Our advices from the United
States clearly confrm the expectation
that law to bride Italian immigration
will soon be promulgated. live Italians
have fragment Of national honor iei'
we must prepare to parry the stroke be-
fore it falls" The paper proceeds to
say that the government should found
schools and Other institutions to teach
the English lauguageso that Italians who
contemplate emigration may develop tnel,
intellectual powers SO that Italy will send
to America civilized beings instead OF a
horde of criminals. 10 conclusion the
paper says: ''Until the laws are interpre-
ted so as to send to prison or an asylum
sll who are born delinquents, and the
anarchists who swarm over Italy, eur
nation must appear to the world as the
center of criminal infection"
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1905-03-24
Steel Rails Ordered.

Steel rails for the double tracking OF
the Washington, Alexandria and Mount
Vernon railway between Alexandria and
Washington were ordered yesterday.
Superintendent Colvin also put more
men at work grading on the line between
this city and Four-Mile run. President
King left for Philadelphia yesterday =,
having made a personal inspection !, d
the entire system. He said that the
whole 90, 500, 600 would be put into the
road within the year. Most OF the
money is to go for new electrical equip.
ment. The new motors are to be
powerful enough to pull two or thres
car trains at 40 miles an hour When
that amount of speed is needed. Including
cars and electrical equipment and th'
rails, the company has already contract
ed 10 spend $500, 900.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1905-03-24
Onera House Tonight.

The Wills Muscial Comedy Company
presented "a Trip to Atlantic City, at
the Opera House last night to a fsir-slzed
and appreciative audience. The show
was bright comedy, replete with good,
funny lines and fine music. A great
many excellent songs were introduced
aud everything done to make an enjoy
able show what it should be. The "hsh-
ing song scored the hit Of the evening;
The Gregory family gave a wonderful
exhibition, receiving hearty applause,
especially little Marguerite. The com,
osny is without doubt the best OF its kind
that has appeared here this season. To-
night Two Old Cronies," the old favor
ite' will be the bill, and those wishing
TO spend an enjoyable evening and to
indulge in a hearty laugh should be
present. New songs and new sayings
will be introduced. A matinee will bt
given at 2:3O o'clock tomorrow evening
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1905-03-24
ColIision Ayerted.

A narrow escape from collision IN the
.Craighill channel, near Baltimore, about
s o'clock yesterday afternoon. was expe-
rienced between the Weems line steamer
Calvert, outward bound from Baltimore
for Potomac river landings and Alexan-
dria, and the tug Sandow, which had In
tow the schooner William ID IerKes,
deeply laden with phosphate rock from
Port lamps. When nearing the tug
the Calyert's steam steering gear became
disabled and her position was carrying
her head on to the tow. Captain FL
linghaus, of the Sandow, signaled the
Calvert, but the reply was that she was
not under control. Although backing,
the Calvert was making way toward the
tug and schooner, and to avert trouble
the Sandow started to clear the steamer,
and ia doing so the schooner was put
ashore. The Calvert passed clear, and
as soon as her steering gear was repaired
she assisted the Ssndow aud both sue
ceeded in floating the schooner.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1905-03-24
$4,000 for Dead Child.

The Court of Appeals yesterday con-
frmed the decision Of the Newport News
Circuit Court, awarding a verdict OF SO, :
900 damages against ihe city in behalf
of Mrs. Jennie Scott. The case-grew out
of the drowning of little Jacob Scott, the
infant son of Mrs. Scott, in an excava-
ton on Virginia avenue. There had
been heavy rainfall, which had burst
the sewer pipe at the place and caused a
cave-in, which was filled with water. In
playing the little fellow accidentally fell
into the water and was found dead by
negro servant. The city contended that
the street was not public thoroughiart
in that it had not been graded or opened
for public traffic. The plaintiff contend
ed that the street was public thorough
fare, as itappeared on the registered mar
of the city in the Office of the clerk o
the court and that the city had been neg
ligent in INCORPORATING the break and ill
ing the hole.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1905-03-24

The gospel temperance lectures by
Rev. J. 3. Timing under the auspices
of the Allison w. G. T. u. have been
continued since last Sunday in the diff
ferent churches. The lecture last night
was held in the Baptist Church, and
was gracefully presided over by the pres
ident. Mrs. L. Tinsley. Rev. Mr.. Tin
ling delivered most interesting and in
structiye address, which was much
enjoyed by the large audience present.
One of the most pleasant features OF the
evening was the singing OF beautiful
song, 1The Ribbon White" composed
by the talented and earnest worker IN
that cause, Mrs. Amy @. Weech, OF this
CITY, and set to music by her uncle, Mr..
J. B. Fowler, who has quite talent IN
that line. This song was very tasteiully
rendered by DR.. q. F. Outcault. The
meeting tonight will be in the NJ. T..
Church South at 1880, to which all are
cordially invited.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1905-03-24
RoARp or EDUCATION:

The State Board of Education, which
met in Richmond Tuesday, after long
session adjourned at M early hour yes
eiday to meet again April q. The
board was unable to redistrict the State,
the difficulty being set forth in the iol-
lowing:
Resolved. That while it is the decided
sense of this board that the efficiency oil
the public school system of the Common
wealth would be materially promoted
by combining two or more existing
smaller divisions, it finds it impractical
Bile at present to do this because OF the
basis fixed by law for the compensation
of. division superinteudents, which reu-
ders it impossible to secure the necessary
supervision over the consolidated d.
visions; and the board therefore Is re-
luctantly compelled TO forego its wishes
in the premises until this condition OF
things is remedied by appropriate action
of the general assembly.
Iii learned that the committee re.
commended that the number be reduced
from 100 to so, thereby dropping no less
than forty of the men who are now I'D
charge of counties and cities. An effort
was made to learn which counties had
been merged, but until the report IL
adopted no information along this line
will be given out.
The money available for the pay OF
superintendents with increased duties is
not sufficient to place one man az the
head of IRON three to six counties, and
for that reason there is disposition 10
wait until after The legislature makes
proper provision for this purpose.
The board added civil Government
to the studies in the grammar and high
schools of. the State, and adopted several
books for the use of the pupils.
The hoard has adopted a provision
whereby perfect supervision ofthe schools
of the State will be assured. There are
to be district, county, city. grand aud
State inspectors. The five grand division
inspectors are TO constitute board for
the examination of teachers for licenses
to teach in Virginia.
A resolution was adopted offered by
C. w. Kent to the effect that political
activity be discouutenanced in division
superinteudents. At the meeting April
9th applications for the positions OF
division superintendent will be con-
sidered and acted upon.
The school OF methods will be held
this year June q at Charlottesville, and
the SIMMER normal for colored teachers
as usual at Petersburg.
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1905-03-24
LOCAL BREVITIEs.

The schooner CresweIl is being loaded
with lumber by II. X. Field q 20. Tor
Indian Head.
A compass was stolen from the
schooner Shining Light, Capt Keith
Davis, night or two ago.
Alfred J. Handrup, son ofwMr. +. A.
and Mrs. A. f. Handrup, died 10 Wash
ington yesterday. The deceased was IN
his 2lst year.
The weather this morning was cloudy
and loreboding. The wind was still
from the southeast, aud the tide in the
river made high.
"A paper is being signed by the prop
erty owners on Royal street from Cam
er1n to King agreeing to pay their part
of the cost for paving that square with
vitri6ed brick.
Ia the Circnit Court for Fairfax in
the case OF ID. J. Howell vs.. Southern
Railway Company, snit for land dam
ages, the Jury rendered verdict for the
plaintiff for 1915.
The police have entered into crusade
against all parties who allow boxes, bar
rels and other distractions TO remain on
sidewalks or on curb stones or in cutters.
The law will be rigidly enforced against
all offenders.
fight occurred between two men
near the intersection of Queen and Pat
rick streets last night. Both 5eligerents,
| it is said, were- seriously punished.
Blood on the pavement this morning at
tracted the attention of passersby. The
police have the names OF the contest
ants.
William F. Morgan, who has been ar
rested 10 Pittsburg, Pa, ut the request
of Maj. Sylvester, Of the Washington
ton police department, charged with
passing a number of alleged worthless
tchecks, is said to be "Fordham" Nor.
gan, who was recently in this city and
left here after passing several checks
that we're returned unhonored. He is
golf expert.
Mr.. L. Brill, proprietor OF the Operf
House cafe, sent to this Office at moor
today some deviled and hard crab'
which we're greatly enjoyed, as they haC
been prepared in an inviting manner
Tomorrow, only, at Rammeps Restau
raat will be served delicious deyilet
crabs and steamed hard shell crabs
Next week, beginning Saturday, will be
gin the regular season for summer deli
cacies at Rammeps.
Fried clans, SOC per dozen. Soup ever,
day. Chas. ii. Zimmerman, Market Space.
m-w FIR
Alexandria gazette. [volume] (Alexandria, D.C.) 1834-1974, 1905-03-24
COURT OF APPEALS.

Opinions 6ere rendered and petitions
disposed of by Court Of Appeals yesterday
as follows
Norfolk and Western Railway Com.
pany VS.. .Iohnson's administrator, from
the Circuit Court of Norfolk county
reversed. :,
City of Newport News VS.. Scotps adj
ministratrix, from the Corporation Court
of Newport News; affirmed.
City of Richmond IS. Carulhers, from
the Hastings Court of Richmond; al
firmed.
Southern Railway Companyvs. Backs
administrative, from the Circuit Court
of Orange county; reversed.
Petitions--Southern Railway Com
PAW VS.. Hill, from the court of justice
of the peace for Danville;writ of error
and supersedeas; bond 800.
Rankin VS.. town of Harrisonburg,
from the Circuit Court OF Rockingham
county; writ of error; bond 5000.
Great Falls Power Company VS..
Great Falls and Old Dominion Railroad
Company, from the State Corporation
Commission; bond 81 900.
South and Western Railway Company
VS.. Virginia and Southeastern Railway
Company, from the Corporation Court Of
Bristol; writ of error and supersedeasi
bond $500.
Collier vs.. Commonwealth, from the
Circuit Court of Rockingham county
writ of error refused.
Baker VS.. Commonwealth, from the
Circuit Court of Fauquier county, writ
of error refused.
Snead VS.. Judge Portlock; writ OF pro-
bibition awarded.
Callihan VS.. State Board Of Dental Ex-
aminers; writ Of mandamus refused.
National Council, Jr. 0. U. A. NJ,
VS.. State Council, fully argued and sub
mitted.
Langston VS.. Bassett and others ar.
gued and submitted.
Trigg Company and others VS.. Buoy,
rus Company and Others, partly argued
and continued.
Next case to be called: Peoples Ma
tional Bank, of LyEchburg VS.. Virginia
Textile Company and others; The Cir
liens bank. of Norfolk, receivers, VS..
George w. Taylor & Company; Reag
ers administrator VS.. Chappelear anC
others; West VS.. city of Newport New
and Robertson vs.. city of Staunton
being Nos. so, 80, So and 90 on argu
ment docket.