davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1905-09-03

fast, but he was going too fast for the cir
cumstances.
-Another thing You hear Of few accidents
to small automobiles; most Of the mishaps
occur to the larger touring cars. One reason
for this undoubtedly is that the small cars
have no separate brake-the driver can
keep his foot on the brake and slow down
or stop by pressing it down hard. he does
not trust to an emergency brake.
in the larger cars which have an emer.
eency brake the driver depends on 1t. and
permits himself to go faster because ne
believes he can apply that brake quickly
II it becomes necessary. But the time
comes. perhaps. when he cannot put MS
hand on it in time to prevent accident.
1T ia very easy to speed a motor car
faster than safety in the circumstances
warrants; touring cars are capable OF
high rate Of speed; they are made for getting
over the ground much faster than horses
can travel And because it liz possible to
90 much greater distances in the same
length of time greater speed is desirable.
Setting out on driving trip with horses
one may plan to travel, say. thirty miles
day. whereas with an automobile he will
plan to 20 from sixty to hundred miles
a day Then il anything arises to cause
delay the temptation is strong to put on
extra speed In order to make up time and
keep to the prearranged schedule or plan.
The accident happens when one disregards
dangerous conditions.
Il am glad to see that there is unmis-
taxable and increasing evidence that
the public authorities, and the courts eepe-
cially, are coming to realize that 1t is not
speed but recklessness that they must fight
and ward against. Speed in itself is not
the source OF greatest danger either to
the motorist or to the non motoring public.
There are conditions and circumstances
when it is perfectly safe to run a car at
| high rate of speed. In recklessness
| on the part. of the motorist lies the real
danger to himself and to the public. Reck-
less driving. not speeding, is the thing
that should be punished and 30 far as pos
sible, prevented.
in some conditions there i. far greater
danger in driving car at the rate Of eight
or ten miles an hour than there is in run
ming it at twice or three times that speed
in other conditions. And ! am glad to
say that the courts are beginning to re.
alize this fact and to render their decisions
accordingly. not alone in New York. but
/ in other parts Of the country as we'll"
When it comes to the consideration OF
comparative comfort the touring car and
the horsedrawn vehicle are as far apart AZ
the poles, according to the motorists. Said
another enthusiast:
"There can be no possible question that
the touring car is far and away more CON-
Portable than any horse drawn convey
ance that was ever made The carriage
equipped with rubber tires is Of course
much more comfortable than the old fash
ion iron tired buggy. but to compare
the automobile with even that is to compare
the old jolting stage coach with the Pull
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1905-09-03
E7HALE 6EoSYHf07H ANO PU1A
ER0M N./zXL14SKE EMEnEGR.

of lsss-9O are duplicated each summer over
a much greater area in eastern Massachu-
SETS and besides killing trees and shrubs
by repeated defoliations they invade the
houses.
Last winter the Legislature voted an
appropriation Of $500 900, and now the work
that cost the State 81 $50 900 has to be done
over again, as we'll as in the communities
that were not affected prior to 1900. One
clause of the act making the appropria-
ton furnishes $40 900 for each OF the three
years ensuing, to be expended under the
direction of the superintendent for expert
ments with parasites for destroying the
moths.
Prof. A. H. Kirkland, NJ. S., graduate
Of the Amherst Agricultural College, was
appointed State Superintendent by Gov.
Douglas last spring. His force consists OF
agents and inspectors, all men Of expert
ence in the moth business. He has already
begun experiments in breeding parasites,
and has laboratory in Maiden. in the
heart of the moth infested district, where
he is endeavoring to produce some kind Of
insect that will knock out the gypsy and
browntails.,
One of the most important questions
pean parasites can be accimated. Many
of the parasites shipped here from abroad
died on the way. Up to the present time
twenty-five shipments have been received
from Japan, Hungary, Italy, Switzerland
and Germany.
Prof. John B. Smith entomologist for
the State of New Jersey, has been In Boston
studying the moth situation. He has
visited the infested districts and says that
the conditions are worse than when he was
here FIVE years ago.
The gypsy moth was accidentally intro
duoed into Massachusetts, In 1888 or 1869
Leopold -Trouvelot, French artist. natu-
ralst and astronomer. imported some Of
them in the course of his experiments with
sikworms, and several escaped from his
laboratory in Pine street, Medford.
For several years after the moth escaped
| it attracted no attention in Medford. People
who witnessed in 1889 the first extensive
outbreak of the moth in that city were
| unable to understand how so destructive
| a creature could have existed unnoticed
| for twenty years. 1t is now believed that
| all this time it was getting acclmated.
| Once the moth struck its gait it made up
| for lost time in it's destructiveness.
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1905-09-03
: <x11zlf 6R0NNtz4zl HN0zzS ZzHltS 1905:

bridge 1t WAS sufficient, however. to
yield a swarm of moths which flew or drifted
by means of high winds over a wide ter
ritory ~
Ffhe insects are strongly attracted 10
light, and this results in the centers OF
cities and towns being first infested When
swarm OF moths arise from any infested
spot and are carried off by the wind they
fly to the nearest mass Of lights As soon
as a colony is established in the center OF
city more general infestation takes
place.
The brown tail moth lays from 200 to
400 small giobular eggs in mass about
two-thlrds Of an inch long and about one
half an inch wide. While the eggs are
occasionally deposited on branches or
trunks of trses, or even on lampposts or
house walls large majority are laid
on the under surfaces Of the leaves Of
\ fruit and shade trees, The moths show
| a strong liking for pear trees.
The eggs. laid in July. hatch out the
hfollowing month, and the young cater
pillars, feeding in a mass. soon begin their
| work of spinning webs in which they pass
the winter. When they emerge early in
the spring they eat first the buds. then
! the blossoms and then the foliage of fruit
/ trees as ,on as it develops. When one
tree is stripped the caterpillars march like
small army To the next. and 80 on, until
they are fullygrown, They are then about
two inches in length, light brown in color,
with white stripe on either side
When the caterpillars attain their full
! growth cocoons are spun within the leaves
at the ends Of branches, or sometimes on
, tree trunks. The pupation usually occurs
in the Ii cr rart Of June and the moths
emerge RON the LIST to the Goth OF July.
The brown tail moth is extremely hand
some, the female being pure white. with
large wings. and is conspicuous because
of an enlarged tuft of brown hair, which
gives the insect It's common name.
, The damage done to fruit trees is only
small part of the story. Whenever these
insects come in contact with human flesh
they produce severe and Tainful netting.
This; is apparently not due to any poison
GUS substance IN the hairs, but rather to
finely barbed and brittle hairs which work
into tbs flesh after the manner of the porcu-
pine oiiill. II Is very easy to be- poisoned
blythe brown tails, and thousands Of people
|. here have suffered from them and physi-
clans Have been kept busy attending them.
liza caterpillar spins down from tree over
the sidewalk ahd some person walking by
happens to strike it it Is . safe wager that
he will get poisoned.
r. In day or two slight eruption ap-
pears, attended with an itching that would
shame a mpsauieo bite. This is due to the
working into the flesh OF the fine hairs that
cover the caterpillars body, and unless a
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1905-09-03
The Auto No. Worse.
Than the Horse X X
It's as Dangerous to Be- Careless With the
One as With the Other, Says an Expert.

we see more In the papers about auto
mobile accidents than about those to drivers
of horses, but don't believe there are any
more OF one kind than the other, really
There are fool horses AS we'll as fool chauf-
feurs. Horse drawn carriages are some
times hit by railway trains. too. We don't
hear 30 much about 1t, perhaps, because it
Is an old story.
There are. in New York State especially
and several other Eastern States, far too
many railroad crossings where one cannot
see or hear the approach Of train until
he is within ten feet or 30 Of the track.
and most bad accidents happen at just
such places. Such crossings should all
be abolished. 1t ia wrong, it is criminal
to permit such railway crossings to exist
a day.
an case Of that kind perhaps the horse
is safer than the auto, unless the latter
is driven by a very careful man. For
You have the horses intelligence to help
you. He will jump back il he sees danger,
and his nose is several feet in front OF the
driver.
driver OF a horse in approaching such
crossings there ia no more danger. The
great majority Of accidents at railway
crossings are. the result of careless haste
to GROSS ahead Of the train. The chauffeur
thinks that he can get across in plenty
Of time, and 40 he goes ahead, and the train
which was coming faster than he realized
hits him! Sc 'RH'
MOST accidents to horse drawn vehicles
are caused In the same way. In short. the
. majority Of accidents OF all kinds to vehicles
III due to recklessness. Eliminate reckless
/ diving and you will practically end catas-
I trophies.
Take it all in all. should say that the
automobile Is no more dangerous than the
spirited, horssesi Nor. perhAps' is it any less
dangerous .. .'. -.
IA good horse needs careful handling
, he Ia often easily scared, and while he has
intelligence, which sometimes Ia a help, you
must, watch hip carefully. You cannot
drive him close 70 . snertins steaIn roller
with slack rein, for instance. o.,
--If you can b sire that your machine il
all right in every part, that there Is no
possibility OF hreakage anywhere, and II
you are SURE Of yourself, that you. cannot
lose your head at a critical moment. you
are safer in an automobile than behind q
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1905-09-03

BosfoN, Sept 2-There is no doubt in the
minds OF the entomologists who are study
ing the moth situation in Massachusetts,
that the brown tail variety, the kind that
has tortured humanity in the infested
district Of this State, will eventually spread
to southern New England and New York
State. Then, and not until then, will people
living outside Of Massachusetts, appreciate
what Boston has suffered this summer.
Just as surely as the sun rises each
morning, New York will suffer from the
brown tail pest some day." said John Far
ley, one OF the moth experts under Supt.
Kirkland, to The Sun correspondent 1The
brown tail moth is a flyer and when the
wind comes from the proper direction
some day there will be cloud of them
sailing down over Connecticut and into
New York. r...r b.. ,'trl va
They have been reported as far east As
Passport, Me-, this 81 MINER, asnfar north as
southern New Hampshire, out in western
Massachusetts, to Amherst and south as far
as Cape Cod, There is not 90 much danger
OF New ,York'S receiving q visit from these
pests now as there Is that Portland. Me-,
will be invaded, for the reason that the
brown tail gets the wings in the summer.
west, and when he takes a trip it Is usually
with the wind. zoe. 49," t-,>a -, y
'There ie. however, possibility Of she
moths reaching New York by mearis Of
steamers, trains. automobiles and other
modes Of conveyance. Twill cite you case
to tho point: ---r~, -
This summer when the Portland boat
was outside of Cape Ann and the wind was
of shore . cloud of brown tails descended
upon the boat and rode into Portland as
saloon passengers, free of charge. They
we're undoubtedly carried out to sea by
the wind, and attracted by the brilliantly
lighted steamer descended upon it, and
found their way into the main saloon. where
the electric lights are the strongest.
-They have habit Of boa riding street cars
and riding miles from the place where they
started. and every one Of the females among
.hese moths will lay from zoo to 400 egss,
which In a month will be Matched intp this.
caterpillars from which the irritating hairs
come. This shows how fast the pest can
spread ' - sT""'
The history OF the brown tail moth is
as old as the history Of economic ento-'
moloRy. When the early soientists began
to record tho habits Of insects injurious
to fruit trees this pest was one of the first
to be described. :
1t found It's way to somerviihe in the
late eos, probably on rose bushes i'm
ported from Holland, and has now spread
throughout eastern Massachusetts,, SOUTH
ern Now Hampshire and southwestern
Maine The first outbreak covered only
q few square mikes in Somerville and Cam
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1905-09-03

In view of the accidental death this sum-
mer of several PERSONS more or less con-
spicuous while touring in motor cars the
impression has spread that automobiling
is an extremely dangerous pastime. One
frequently hears some person, who perhaps
has never ridden in an automobile but has
Just read about an accident to some speed
ing motorist say;
mo, thank you! None Of that automobile
foolishness for me! The good old faithful
slow going nag is good enough for yours
truly. He may not get over the ground
10 fast, but he is surefooted and reliable,
and you may be reasonably sure when you
start out that you will come home with a
whole skin and no broken bones
But it is only those who are unfamiliar
With motoring that make such speeches
Devotees Of motoring maintain that automo-
bile touring is really no more dangerous
than driving spirited horses-is, indeed, II
ANYTHING less dangerous. The popular
belief to the contrary, they hold, is due
largely to the fact that the newspapers
throug hout the country pay compare
lively little attention to accidents TO horse
drawn carriages and the people who drive,
but play up the newer kind Of accidents,
Just as few years ago every time bicycle
caused horse to shy the fact was reported
In certain newspapers.
To Sun reporter who put to him the
question OF comparative safety. EInsrson
BROOKS. treasurer Of the Automobile Cub
Of America, and an ENTHUSIASTIC ,RotWia!t,
said: ..,e tt ,te % 20 49,.
Il have driven horses hundreds Of aniies
-throngh the catsliils.. the. - fdkst,
the Ansghanies, Al the Roxy My taaiii|| si,
over all sorts Of roads. in many Parts of tho
oountry-in dangerous situations many
times, And:I ay'e driven 2 m. motor cars zen
further, toured In, various. parts ,9f the
land-I have only just returned from. a
four hundred mile trip In n touring cat. ns
snow. my own experience leads me to
aay that the one Is as cafe az the other.
provided thu .motorist uses Teasoplpeab1e
care, does not lose his head and does not
become possessed by a mania for speeding
faster than he knows IL absolutely safe in
the circumstances. In my own expert
snos have had more accidents, and more
serious ones, in driving horses than iin
motoring. But. of course, all experiences
arc not alike. y
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1905-09-03
Not Worth His Salt,
m the 81, Lo,,is Gi0bc- Democrat.

From the 81. Louis Globe Democrat.
when we say a man Is not worth his salt, g."
said a philologist I'VE use an interesting
and classic form of speech. We go all the
way back. in fact. to the time of the ancient
Romans.
The Roman workers in the salt mines
were paid in salt. The salt that they got
In return for their labor was called their
sal arium tsa-salt) or salt allowance.
The word salarium. meaning salt money.
or allowance for salt later on was applied
to the fees. or tips. men got for odd jobs.
FOR patching my toga the noble said, 4
will give that fellow n slight saiarium-a bit
Of money to buy salt with
IF inally, salarium' came TO mean wages.
salary. what 1t does to-day. salary is
essentially salt money. and when we say q
worth paying wages to-"
The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1905-09-03

writ
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One
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theu
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ogu
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play
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TX
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1905-01-20

8. 3: J. DAILY, the assistant, Will succeed Mr..
Manchester.
The Northern Pacific yesterday declared n
regular ~ per cent dividend and an extra IL
of per cent.
The order for ore equipment Oh the Steel cor
poration roads has been doubled to nine locomo-
tives and 500 cars for the Iron Range road
and twelve locomotives and 1900 cars for the
steel cars.
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1905-01-20
Railroads Lost 100000.

st. Louis railroads are said to have
lost nearly 100000 during the world IS
fair thru the operations Of Otto Schro-
wang, a printer, alleged to have fur
nished validating pastors and plates to
ticket brokers. He has been arrested
at the instance of J. P. Norton, manager
Of the validating bureau.
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1905-01-20

nual meeting Of the La Crosse & Black
River Falls Railroad company officers
were elected as follows: President,
Mills Tourtellotte; vice president,
Henry Gund; treasurer, F. P. Hixon;
secretary, Fl. J. Hirshheimer. The con-
struction of the proposed road to Black
River Falls was discussed, but it Is not
likely to be built this year.
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1905-01-20
RAILROAD NOTES

Two officers Of the Great Northern road will
be present tomorrow when the Minnesota starts
on her maiden voyage for the Orient-Vice
President Campbell and General Passenger Agent
F. I. Whitney who have been inspecting lines In
the west. -.s .5. .@,i
e. S. Manchester, city ticket agent of the
Great Western Mt St. Paul, has been made gen.
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1905-01-20
In addition to this. assurances were

In add1t1On to this, assurances were
given that unless the unexpected hap
pens today the eastern and western
roads will meet and agree to abandon
the Mississippi river as a basing point
and make all rates base on Chicago.
The eastern roads have been led to be-
was fns Wses pan GRy of af ter
grain traffic they now, enjoy.
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1905-01-20
Low RATE FOR JAPS
Reservists Recalled by the Mikado May
.... .~-.ss Go Cheap.

Japanese reservists recalled by their
government on account Of the war will
profit by a reduction of 20 per cent in
the regular tariff rates offered them by
the Great Northern Steamship company.
This rate will apply from Pacific coast
points. An Identification from the Jap
anese consul at Seattle must be pre-
sented. a,~.>
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1905-01-20
BULLOCK IN COMMAND
Black Hills Cowboys to Attend Inau.
a.- gural of President.

Deadwood, s. D., Jan. 20.-A party
Of Black bills cowboys, thirty to sixty
strong, is being organized to go to
Washington for the Inauguration OF
their own horses and be dressed in
cowboy costume. Captain Seth Bullock,
who has just returned from Washing
ton, is organizing the party.
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1905-01-20
CHICAGO WINS POINTS
Some Railroads Promise Change Of
Grain Rates. ~

New York Sun Special Service. ''. =
Chicago, Jan. 20.-The Board Of
Trade has won it's first battle for more
equitable grain rates for Chicago. Yes
terday the Missouri Pacific and the
other lines involved in the diverting
Of grain from Chicago agreed to get rid
Of existing contrasts sby Jan. 81 and
thereafter adhere,to open methods.
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1905-01-20

Road Elects Officers.
Special to The Journal. .sr.s.. H. :.==.,..s-.
| La Crosse, Wis, Jan. 20.-At the an
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1905-01-20

See Stockwen soon-That life insur-
ance-The Penn Mutual. Andrus Bldg.
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1905-01-20
Total capitalization per
mile $40, 427

The heavy funded indebtedness mile
in the fiscal year ending June 80, 1904,
was due to the issuing Of new bonds to
pay for mileage in process of construc-
tion and upon which interest was paiC
before the additional mileage was OPP
Grated. "
Barton County democrat. [volume] (Great Bend, Kan.) 1885-1915, 1905-03-10

ward the westerner who had so be-
friended his kith and kin. 'Of course
you re-sure of it?''
Sure of it, sir?-I had it from father
and Resale both! They had supposed
that they were indebted-or rather that
their helper was very different per-
son, man whom they had befrlended;
but that all turned out to be an error"
And the upshot of it all was, said
Haskell, that Stuart sent the three to
our lines, the two other officers pa
rolled until exchanged, but Mck1nnon,
by Jove, released with Stuart's compli-
ments, and it's my candid belief, damn
him, that Mac would a heap rather be
in Washington on parole than out here
on duty. Shouldn't wonder if Stuart
took his measure before he let him
Slide Manifestly Haskell didn't
fancy McKinnon.
One thing fol. Benton to ponder over,
therefore, was the question how on
| earth had McKinnon in SO short a time
been able to persuade that usually
clear-sighted girl to the belief that he
had used such powerful influence in
| their behalf
|
| add to his chagrin and perplexity.
| Col. Kennard. one of the paroled pair,
{ told Haskell all he had seen of Stuart
and his devil-may-care command, and
much about this young confederate
! ofhcer-ChiIton, Because" said Ken
| nard, 81 heard Chiffon say to McKin-
non he was praying that he might yet
meet Capt. Benton. There was q
union man he'd shoot on sight! And
! Winston said Ameni'' Now. Fred, -
said Haskell, as he called for his horse,
I've got to ride the lines and get the
| reports; but, we've got McKinnon up
| with the army at last and soon Is
we're through with this business Wen
nail him. But evidently it was bust
ness first in Haskell's eyes.
So Fred Benton had two burning de-
sires as he threaded his way through
the swarm of arriving batteries and
rode slowly back to Wadsworth; one
was to meet McKinnon and brand him
as the author of the ISLANDERS and the
other was in some way to wiring from
Chiffon an explanation OF his violent
threat Little did he dream how soon
he should be spared the need-a0d
Barton County democrat. [volume] (Great Bend, Kan.) 1885-1915, 1905-03-10
CHAPTER XIV.
LADUE's LAST RETREAT.

In the two great days that followed
there was little to do for the little left
of the Iron Brigade Spre-hearted over
the loss of so many cherished COM
rades, yet confident that their valor
had not been vain, the survivors hung
silently to their assigned position, and
awaited developments
And, when the morrow came, Benton
was early in saddle and away to the
left Of the line. He was bitter and
chafed in spirit over his wrongs. He
realized that under existing conditions
nothing more than haf-hezrted ac-
acknowledgement of error could be looked
for. but he had deterMiHed that the
moment things settled down and the
department had time % attend to
something besides the momentous af-
fairs of the nation. he would demand
Justice. And now both Wadsworth
and Doubleday had spoken in heartest
praise OF his behavior throughout that
heroic battle of the first day. So far
! so good. What he longed for, on one
hand, was a chance TO square accounts
with McKinnon What he hoped for,
on another. was opportunity to teach