The San Francisco call., 1905-04-26
ADVICE GIVEN
BEET GROWERS
University Professor Author
of Bulletin Just Issued
at the State Institution
TO KILL COOLING MOTH
Expert Tells Horticulturists
How to Minimize In
juries to the Foliage

BERKELEY, April 25.-Bulletins
dealing respectively with the sugar
beet industry and the work Of Kidding
orchards of the codling moth were is
sued to-day by the agricultural de-
partment Of the State University. Pro-
fessor G. W. Shaw is the author of the
sugar beet literature. He states that
the bulletin is issued to meet a de-
mand for somewhat detailed informa-
ton upon the principles of sugar beet
culture, as practiced in the most sue
cessful beet-grOwfng sections
A summary of the bulletins advice
to sugar beet growers is as follows:
1t is generally considered that the highest
return OF sugar per acre is given where the
degrees and where the rainfall Is from to 4
inches per month during the growing period,
and where heavy rains do not occur during the
ripeuirg period, the occurrence Of such rains
at the time indicated tending to lower the
sugrr-content Of the root.
While these conditions have generally been
held as the most ideal, yet the success in
America under conditions which vary consid-
ably from those above Indicated especially
to rainfall. seem to show that they must not
be regarded as being absolute, and that the
beet has somewhat wider range of adaptable
ity to climatic conditions than has been claimed
by European authorities; and that within GER
tain limits our ideas should be formed from
the conditions under which the industry has
met With success in this country.
Certain 1t Is that drought must be avoided.
and where frequent summer rains do not oc-
cur, nor heavy fogs and news, the soil must be
of such nature as to retain free moisture In
supplied by irrigation, both of which conditions
hold on certain parts of the Pacific Coast. and
the latter in Colorado, Utah and California.
Abundance of sunshine is also essential to the
highest Development of sugar in the beet. Other
richness of the beet win be proportioned to the
amount-not intensity-of the sunshine.
Maxims for sugar beet culture are: Plow
in the fall. Prepare fine seedbed. Use plenty
of seed. Plant shallow. TnIn early. Practice
fiat cultivation. Keep the surface always
loose Hoe and cultivate as long as the leaves
and air; therefore keep the soil loose the sun
and air can do their maximum work. and the
result will be both tonnage and sugar.
W. H yolck's bulletin discusses the
problem Of limiting the injury to To-
hage when spraying trees in an at
tempt to Kill codiing moths. In an in
troduetory note, Professor Woodwork
says:
There were two chief problems presented for
solution In the study of the codling moth In
the Pa3aro Valley. viz first. the frequent fall
ure to obtain sufficient control; and second,
the very common serious injury to foliage by
| the material used. The answer to the first Is
that there were too few applications and these
This matter IL fully discussed in bulletin No.
155. At the time of the publication of that
bulletin the second problem was not satisfac-
torily answered. During the past season and
the latter part OF the preceding year Mr.. Volck
has been detailed to make a special study OF
this subjset. and while he is not yet ready TO
give his results In full, still sufficient progress
has been made to justify definite recommends
tions for the coming seasons work. While the
present circular is written particularly Tor the
conditions obtaining In the Pajaro Valley.
there is much that may be useful to growers
of apples and pears in other sections where
the danger from burning. the foliage is small,
in which case paris green is the most satisfac-
tory spraying material.
A summary of the advice to orchard
| lists in the bulletin is as follows:
1t is recommended that paris green be dis
| carded In all localities where its careful use
| has proved injurious to the trees.
Arsenate of lead has been found reliable as
an fnsecticide. as well neutral toward veg
| citation and its use is recommended.
! During the coming season the growers are
| rather than attempt the production of the
| home made article.