The Corvallis times. (Corvallis, Or.) 1888-1909, 1905-11-24
such countries of Europe as have

in such countries of Europe as have
we'll improved systems OF hard
roads, is about ten cents per ton
per mile, while in New York and
other eastern states where they
have been accumulating data, upon
these subjects, the cost upon the
average unpaved road is considered
to be about 2o cents, and the aver
age haul about six miles. lean see
no reason why the cos of hauling
over American roads should be
| greater than those of Europe when
ours are as good as theirs, but we
shall have to do more than to pave
our roads to place them on a par
with roads where they have been
so skillfully located and construct
ed that the maximum grades are
much lighter than in sections of
equal roughness in this country,
where little attention has hitherto
been paid to this very important
phase of road work. Our Ameri-
can authorities are fairly well agreed
that the saving in cost of transpor-
tation on a well built macadam road
over an average dirt road is about
so per cent, and 1 assume for the
purpose of this article, the percent
age in favor of a graveled over a
dirt road to be about IS per cent.
When a community finds it's
main road inadequate to its needs,
In arriving at a correct conclusion
as to the character and extent OF
the improvements proper to be
made, following the example of
railway managers, they 'hould first
S tai the volume Of traffic and
average length of haul; this being
known, the saving in cost of haul
of this amount of freight owe the
different kinds CT suggested Inn
p1ovemtn ut can be computed, and a
careful estimate of the cost of the
d .ffferent improvements can be
made, aud an intelligent conclusion
can be arrivs d at as to which form
of betterment offers the btst return
in the amoupt of money required
In order to show better the pTiL'
ciples involved, we will take a sup
POSITIONS case, for illustration.
We will assume therefore a mair
road ten miles in length %traversine
a country mainly devoted to grai1
aud similar crops, and serving
"trip of country n and two mile
in width on either side of the rosa
or four miles In all.
The amount of tonnage original
Ing IN land when grain is the prin
I, cipal crop, while varying largel.
will be found to average ABOUT one
half ton per acre Of products to b.
: hauled to market or points
hence the tonnage arising on GU
road as above situated, will aversg
: about 1880 tons per mile. Of cours
< land devoted to vegetables Or gree
+ fruits, will furnish a much large
e volume of tonnage, sometimes g.
high as Is tons per acre, and otter
times varying from eight to IL, bu
for the purpoee Of illustration, tn
: above example will serve as we'll a
any. At the rate of 1880 tons pr
y mile for ten miles, the tonnag
|, would be 1880, and the averag
u haul Of six miles would give 1856
= ton-miles, or 1880 miles owe
{ which one ton would be hauled.
We will find therefore the cost
If hauling the 12,Soo tons six mill
% over the old dirt road at rs cen
r. per ton mile. to be $19, 968.oo.
y the road were 10 be graveled, tt
al saving would be $o.964.oo per al
re mum. There would be a turtle
saving, if the heaviest limiting graz
"a could be reduced. I say limitir
# grade, for a team a often by
strenuous .fort breast a short shal
- pitch, that could not be surmoun
IL ed by the same team, If the efo
n was long continued.
~ By actual test it has been asce
]e tanned that a pair of horses CO
draw with the samesefort:
24oo lbs. on a 5 per cent. grad
OOAo &C