Fergus County argus., 1905-10-20
CARNEGIE ON
CURSE OF WAR
Distinguished American Makes an Ad'
dress az Rector Of st. Andrews
University, Scotland.
HE BEGINS HIS SECOND TERN
Says Three Nations Would be Able ia
Prevent War-Deorees for Five
Americana.

St. Andrews, Scotland, Oct. 49,
Never before have SO many disun-
gushed Americans directly participat-
ed in ceremonies connected with the
Inauguration of the rector of a British
university as took part in today's func-
tions at st. Andrews, when Andrew
Carnegie was installed as lord rector
for a second term.
Whitelaw Reid, the Ambassador at
London; Charlemange Tower, Ameri-
can ambassador at Berlin; Bishop
Henry c. Potter, of New York, and
DR.. William J. Holland, dean of the
Carnegie museum at Pittsburg, occu-
pied seats on the platform and had
conferred on them the honorary de-
gree of doctor of laws, which also was
bestowed on DR.. Nicholas Murray But.
ler. president of Columbia university.
New York, in absentia.
The hall was crowded with scarlet
gowned undergraduates of both SEX
es and the male students enlivened
the proceedings with the usual amount
of chaff and songs. The entrance Of
Mr.. Carnegie was the signal for an
outburst Of enthusiasm.
In his rectOrate address Mr.. Carne-
gle expressed the opinion that five
nations, or even three, banded together
in league of peace and inviting all
other nations to join them, could ban
ish all war in the future. In outlin-
ing the plan for the league Of peace,
Mr.. Carnegie said:
If the principal European nations
were now free through conscription
from the problem which now disturbs
the military authorities Of Britain. the
lack of sufficient numbers willing to
enter the thanksgiving profession, we
should soon hear the demand for a
league of peace among the nations.
Five nations co-operated in quelling
| the recent Chinese disorders and res
| cuing their representatives in Pekin.
| 1t is perfectly clear that these five
nations could Danish war. Suppose
even three of them formed a league
of peace-inviting all other nations to
| jOin-and agreed that since war in any
part of the civilized world affects all
nations, and often seriously, that no
nation shall go to war, but shall refer
international disputes to The Hague
conference or to other arbitrarial
boards for peaceful settlement, the
league agreeing to declare noninter-
course with any nation refusing COM
pliance.
"The league also might reserve to
itself the right, where nOn-intercourse
is likely to fail, or has failed, to pre-
vent war, to use the necessary force
to maintain peace, each member OF
the league agreeing to provide the
needed forces, or money in lieu there
of, in proportion to her population or
wealth.
"The emperor of Russia called The
Hague conference which gave us an
international tribunal. Were the king
of England or the emperor of Germany
or the president of France, acting fol
their governments, to invite the ma
tiOns to send their representatives to
consider the wisdom of forming such
league, the invitation would no doubt
be responded to and probably prove
successful.
"The number that would gladly join
such league would be great, fol
the smaller nations would welcome the
opportunity.
Relations Are Close.
"The relations between Great Brit
ain, France and the United tSates
today are SO close, their arrangement!
so similar, their territories and fields
of operation SO clearly defined tina
these powers might properly unite IL
inviting other nations to consider thu
question of such league as has beer
sketched. 1t is subject well wOrtf
the attention of their rulers, for of al
the modes of fastening the end o
war. this appears the easiest and thu
| best We have no reasonable dOub
} that arbitration in it's present option
al form will continue it's rapid progress
and that in itself contains the ele
ment required finally to lead US Il
peace, for it conQuers wherever 1t l
I tried, but it is none the less crafty
ing to know that there Is In reserv
drastic mode of enforcement,
needed, which will promptly banisl
war;"
Mr.. Carnegie's address was devo1
ed entirely to the desirability, neces
sity and even the possibility OF put
ting an end to war. He said In part
Much has man accomplished in hi
2 upward march from savagery, but tn
indelible mark of war still remains t
5 stain the earth and discredit our clair
:, to civilization. One deplorable exceI
tion exists to the march of improve
. ment. A new stain has recently cre[
, into the rules of war as foul as an
: that war has been forced by publ
sentiment to discard. Today it Is hel
J. that formal declaration of war is nc
indispensable and that war can exis
without it. 1t is to be hoped that tn
!, ;, coming conference will stamp thi
= treachery as contrary to the rules {
. war, and thus adhere to the ancieT
:. and more chivalrOus ideal of attac
- only after notice"
;. = The speaker here referred to Tn
:, Hague tribunal and pointed to som
J, of the results already attained by
: saying that the success of Presider
Roosevelt in securing peace betwee
, Japan and Russia was made pOssibl
:, by The Hague treaty. He continued
Honor or vital interests have hitl
: erto been excepted from submissio
- by arbitration treaties. We exclaiI
%, liberty, what crimes are committe
l. in thy name, but they are trifiing cor
2. pared with those committed in tt
name of honor the most dishOnore
:. word in our language. All stains upo
- honor come from within, never fro
:, without. The man of our race WI
VI L. IA