Twice-a-week plain dealer. (Cresco, Howard County, Iowa) 1895-1913, 1905-07-21
AMERICA IN FAVOR.
HUNS, ITALIANS AND POLES
SEEK WORK HERE.
British Publication Declares That
Labor Expansion Is Cause of Emil
gration-Southern and Eastern
Europe Replace Teutons.

Washington.-In discussing emigra-
ton, particularly that from the old
world to the United States, the British
board Of trade in an elaborate docu-
ment issued under the title of "Emigra-
ton from the Chief European Coun-
tries" declares that the expanding
United States labor market now exer-
cises its chief attractions on the popula-
tons of south and eastern Europe
south, Italians; Hungarians, Poles and
Jews from eastern Europe-in place of
the Teutonic races of northern Europe"
The publication, which has just been
received by the department of commerce
and labor through its bureau of Stats
tics, reviews at considerable length the
question of emigration.
so far as emigration is purely eco
nomic movement" the publication says,
the main factors which determine the
changes in its volume are two-the state
OF the labor market in the country from
which the emigrant starts, and the
state of the labor market in the coun-
try to which he goes. But emigration
Is by no means an exclusively economic
movement. Other causes, such as polit-
ical or religious persecution, have oper-
ated in many well-known cases to en-
courage the transfer of population from
one country to others.
A study Of fluctuations in commercial
activity and employment in the prin.
cipal countries leads to the conclusion
that among the principal advanced COM
mercial countries the general waves of
imitation and depression are to a con-
siderable and, perhaps, a growing ex-
tent simultaneous, though the effect of
these wide movements of expansion and
contraction may be often complicated
and discussed in the case of particular
countries by purely local causes"
Since 1876, the publication further
says, there have been two great periods
OF activity in European emigration, the
drst beginning about 1880 and lasting
for the succeeding 10 or IL years, and
the second beginning about 1899 or 1900
and still continuing. Between these
periods there was a period of compare
tive stagnaticn from 1893 to 1898.
Thus the recorded emigration from
the principal European countries" the
review continues, "for which contin-
uous records are available was $4,000
in 1882; In 1894 1t was only 234, 900: in
1902 1t had risen to 641, 900. Though by
no means the whole of this stream is
directed to the United States, the alter
mating periods of imitation and depres-
sion in America have been the most
potent single factor in the situation.
The financial and industrial collapse Of
1893 suddenly diminished the capacity
OF America to absorb labor. This was
followed by the great increase OF indus
trial activity which began in 1899.
In the former Of the two periods of
activity Great Britain and Germany con-
tributed large numbers of the emigrants
to America. In the latter period. how,
ever, these countries no longer supplied
any large proportion of these emigrants.
who were largely contributed by Italy,
Austria Hungary and Russian Poland.
The total volume of British emigration
to all destinations did not diminish in
proportion to the fall in such emigra-
ton to America, but found, to some ex-
tent, other fields within the empire
German emigration, on the other hand
has largely diminished, while that from
Italy and Austrta-Hungary has very
rapidly increased