davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1905-01-01

, facts collected by the New York State
Committee Mr.. Robert Hunter, the
efficient chairman of that committee,
found that there had been over $500
violations of the law in New York
State without any prosecutions and
brought that damning fact to the at
tenion Of he Governor. In New Jer-
sey, children of six years of age have
been employed in the glass factories,
, and it is but lately that the Legisla-
ture passed a law repeating the ex-
ception that exempted the glass fac
tories from it's operations, one OF the
main Industries of New Jersey.
Georgia had the same sort of law, eX-
cepting the cotton and wool factories
of that State. Child labor is increaS-
ing faster in Illinois than in any other
State, and even in Massachusetts,
where a good law is excellently OBJ
served in the main, / have seen fifty
children, apparently under age, enter
a cotton mill and go to their tasks.
1t is believed that there are two thous-
and children under the legal age in
Pennsylvania working in the mines,
and while the per centage of chill
dren to adults employed in the mills
is four times larger in the South than
in the North, the numbers employed
in the North are much larger, on ac-
count Of the greater number Of man
There are more children under four
teen in Pennsylvania alone, working
in the factories, than there are in all
the Southern States put together.
The mpanying pictures were
taken by the author Of this
article III Lowell. Mass. and near
Charlotte, n. G.. Each is typical of its
kind. Note the large proportion OF
men to women in the Lowell mill ana
the entire absence of young children.
The age limit is two years higher in
Massa chusetts than in North Carolina
but the proportion of children and
of women to the men employed is the
striking thing about the latter picture.
(See pictures No. / and D.
North and South.
Moreover. while the laws of the
Northern and Western States are bet
ter than those OF the South, we must
discriminate even i'm that statement in
order to be just. Maryland, Ken
lucky and Tennessee have the same
age limit, fourteen, that MaSsachu-
sets, New York, New Jersey and Illi-
nois have Pennsylvania and Texas
were the only States to forbid boys
under sixteen years of age working
in the mines, until the other day the
Supreme Court Of Illinois deciced
that that law was applicable to that
state also. Pennsylvania alone has
an age limit of thirteen and Judging
from the complaints made by the state
Child Labor Committee, il IS du un
lucky age limit and should be raised
TO fourteen. the effort to do that be
ing about to be made before the Penn
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1905-01-01

mill. The law is common sense and
child labor law should not De de-
void of that principle. Moreover the
textile industry, despite the general
lightneSs of the work, is one of the
most harassing in it's effect upon the
physical being. There is a difference
of two inches in height between the
English miner and the English fac
tory operative, while our American
laws generally make the age limit for
child labor two years higher for the
children of the mine than for the
children of the factory And it is be-
cause Of the competition of child Ia
Dor in the textile industry that only
thirty per cent of factory operatives
in England are able to support their
children through the sixteenth year,
while the ninety-three per cent of the
trade of bricklayers are able to care
for their childrn until the children are
sixteen years of age. The Protestant
Episcopal Convention was exactly
right in saying that the employment
of children in factories depresseS
wages and depreciates the human
stock.
Formation of the National Committee
Alabama once had a law declaring
that no child under fourteen should
work more than eight hours q day in
a cotton mill. Alabama began to
share in the great industrial revival
of the South and much Northern cap
ital was invested in its textile manu-
featuring enterprises. Under the per-
suasion Cf the New England investors
in Alabama mills this beueficent law
was repealed. Action is always equal
to reaction. Rev. Edgar Gardner
Murphy. an Episcopal clergyman of
Montgomery, began to interest him
self in the mill children and to agitate
for a child labor law. He was OPP
posed nv these same influences, but
after a strong fight the Legislature
put law on the statute books fer
bidding the employment of children
under twelve years old. The agita-
ticn went on IN other States, Prac:1-
cally the whole of the enligh. ated
press of the South took up the fight
for the children and we won. Then
the North began to do some sweeping
before its own door. in the formation
of State committees, among them the
New York State committee. embracing
some of the ableSt men of New York
city. Mr.. Murphy, through his assoc
citation with them was able 70 inau-
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1905-01-01

and cold storage. For the mill is the
center OF the life of the whole COM
munity. And inside are employed a
full thousand of hands.
The people have come mainly from
the mountain districts though some
are the picked hands of other mills,
who know when they have found the
best place for themselves. They have
come from isolated communities, with
scant educational opportunities, and
fewer religious privileges, and almost
no chance for the pleasures of social
life. They may have been more pic
turesque in the mountain cove. They
are certainly more useful TO the world
in this factory village, and the con-
ditions Of happiness are as plainly inn
proved as those OF usefulness Phys
cally they are a fine-looking race OF
people. In this particular factory no
drunkenness is tolerated, nor moral
laxity of any kind. not even profanity.
"A school. enrolling some three hum
dred pupils, is run for nine months
Of the year. the mill owners supple
mentiug the public funds from the
profits of the mill. The churches are
q credit TO the people for whom they
We're built here also the mill owners
having made large subscriptions,
though the people themselves have
contributed the greater part of the
cost.
And thus there is an induction into
the privileges ard responsibilities of
community life. with every opportu-
nifty for religious and educational inn
provement
Another great institution is the
much abused Company Store it
is a fine type of the modern depart
ment store and the people are proud
of the advantages it gives them. The
stock of goods carried in all lines is
fine and the goods are sold at most
reasonable prices. There is not
shadow Of oppression about the SyS-
tenn, the wages being paid in cash,
ranging from 60 cents to 4.J0 day,
and the operatives are free to buy
where they please, there being y
competitive store" near by. TO one
who knows something Of former con-
ditiOns it is a source of qualification
to think of these people buying good
furniture and good clothes and pic
lures and books and stoves
The homes of the people arc roomy
and comfortable, the cottages having
three or four nice rooms each. This
is an infinite distance from the ONE
roomed hut Moreover, every cottage
has an acre or half acre at the small
est for d garden plot, where vege-
tables of all kinds can be raised. And
nearly every lot had out-hOuSes for
the COW and the pig and the chick
ems And there was all outdoors for
! breathing space. (See picture No A.
There is no night work at this mill.
spinning and weaving departments be-
ing evenly balanced, SO that what is
spun one day is woven the next The
hours are from $50 in the morning
to $50 at night, with an intermission
of forty-five minutes for dinner 'and
the mill closes at three o'clock on Sat
urdays. OF course there is no sun
day work.
The whole village belongs TO the
stockholders of the mill and is under
the control of the management. The
officials are upright. Christian men.
The mill is owned by Southern
capital entirely and the stock is
quoted at $3.50 q share.
But there are too many Young
children in that force Of a thousand
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1905-01-01

BY Rev. A. j. Mckelway, ID. ID.
TO be man too soon is to be a
small man."
lit is a shame for a nation to make
its young girls weary John Rusl<in.
'The employment of children in
homes and depreciatcs the human
stock. Whatever interferes with the
proper education and nature of the
child contradicts the best interests of
the nation.
I'VE call then on Christian employ
ers and on Christian parents to en-
deavor, after such betterment of the
local and general laws as shall make
the labor of children impossible IL.
this Christian country. '-ResOlutiO
unanimously adopted by the PrOtes.
tant Episcopal General Convention,
1901.
These three quotations pretty nearly
reach the heart of the argument
against the labor of children. That
argument appeals to the patriot. to the
paiianthropist and To the Christian.
Nor is here wanting the statement of
an economic truth that should inter
est the business man who looks a lit
tie farther than this years profits,
most of al the manufacturer whose
need is intelligent and efficient la Dor.
There is a brief pen-picture of the
stunted man. There is the appeal to
the chiValry of manhood that the fu-
ture mothers of the race be not weary
with burdens too heavy for child
hoods years.
There is an essential difference be-
tween childhood and manhood or wo-
manhood Il three fold difference that
makes childhood itself sacred thing.
1t is the hel3leSsneSs of the child that
claims protection: it is the humility
of the child that makes it's depend
ence natural and not abnormal; it is
the promise OF childhood that thrills
one with the possibilities that may be
wrapped uD even in the tiny form that
is itself wrapt in swaddling clothes.
Even our laissez faire philosophy must
discriminate betWeeni what the State
should do for self-reliant. proud and
developed manhood, and helpless.
humble. prophetic chiiihood. The
Master himself gave us a picture of
the helplessness of childhood When he
took an unresiSting little child and
set him in the midst OF the twelve
grown men: He called attention to the
child when he said. Whose shah
humble himself DIS this little child
and to the promise OF childhood, when
he said, Whose receiveth one such
little child receiveth Me" Nor
did there ever pass the Masters lips .
more whitening curse than that which
was directed against him who should
offend one of these little ones, who
should be or cause to- be a stumbling
block for childish feet as they moved
toward manhood's goal.
Modern Problem.
The problem of child labor is al
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1905-01-01

gurate the national movement. WIN a
National Committee to direct it. The
COMMITTEES will De Rec JSniHed a once
as one of the strongest tEat CoGld be
formed, the folloAlns being It's per-
sOnnei:
Jane Adams, Rev. Neal L. Ander-
son, Mrs Emmons Blaine, John Ora
ham Brooks. Alexander j. Cassatt,, E.
f. Clark. Grover Cleveland. Mrs.
Sarah S. PIatt Decker, Charles W.
Eliot. Arthur r. Estabrook, n. 3.
Feagin, Hugh f. Fox, Edward w.
Frost. His Eminence James Cardinal
Gibbons, Right Reverend David h
Greer, j. b. CASTOR, William T.: Haf-
mon, Clark Howell, Robert Hunter
John S. Huyler, Ben. E. Lindsey
Stanley Mccormick, Beverley b. Nun
ford, Adolph S. Ochs, Clifford Pinchot,
Hoke Smith, J. w. Sullivan, Benjamin
r. n. Tillman Graham Taylor, Lillian
d. VALID Talcott Williams Rev. e. h.
Wilmer John w. Wood William II.
Baldwin, Jr., Robert w. DeForest'
EaWaro l. LEVINE Jonn .. huy ic4,
Mrs. Florence Kelley, James H. Kirk
land, Edgar Gardner Murphy, Isaac
\. SIcigman Paul NJ Warburg.
Samuel McCune Lindsay. Secretary
y. j. McKelway Owen r. Lovejoy, as
sistant secretaries
Tho caorotarv. Dr. Tindeov w"S +"o
late Commissioner of Education for
80 Itlco and is stu one OF the pro-
fessors in the University Of Pennsyl-
vania. Rev. owen LovejOy is a Con-
gregational minister of New York, and
has his work in the Northern states.
The am in brief is TO improve the
legislation that we already have and
to aid in the enforcement Of the laws
in all the States. North and South, and
East and West.
Child Labor in Europe.
Making a brief summary of the leg
isIation TO which European nations
have attained we note that the Prus-
sian law which started with the pro-
hibition of labor by children under
nine years Of age now makes the age
limit 10, and requires that the COM
mon school education must have been
completed before the child can enter
the mill in Switzerland no child
under fourteen is allowed to enter Il
mill. While in England no child
under twelve can be employed in a
mill and no child under fourteen can
work more than five hours. The
working day for children admitted to
the factories in Germany Is six hours
in Austria and Italy and Spain eight
hours in France ten. Even Spain.
with The worst laws of any European
country on the general subject. with
an age limit Of ten years. forbids any,
,nilG under fourteen to work more
than light hours a day and requires
very enid under fourteen to be able
To read and write.
E1t We hnd the phiianthropists of
The news & observer. [volume] (Raleigh, N.C.) 1894-current, 1905-01-01
MUST NOT GRIND
THE SEED CORN.
No Girl Under Fourteen Should Be Allowed to
to Work in Factory.
ALL SHOULD READ AND
WRITE.

The Boys Should Work at Twelve if
They Can Read and Write, Other
wise Not Until They Are Fourteen
Such a Law Well Enforced Would
Put a Premium on Educational es-
sons That Appeal 10 Southern Indus
try and Southern Patriotism.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1905-08-20
PrOpoSed Athletic Meet

At meeting yesterday of the candidate
for the track team of the Young Mems
Christian Association, 1t was decided TO
enter relay team in the open race at the
handicap games of the Washington Grove
Athletic Association, to be held at the
Grove on the morning of Labor day There
will also be a dozen men entered In the
open handicap events The makeup of the
relay team VIII not be known until a week
from Tuesday. when trials will be held at
Van Ness Park
In addition TO the relay team, which will
compete against teams from the local Ma
tional Guard and the West Branch Y NJ
L. A of Baltimore the local associate
Will enter the following men In the handi-
cap events: Paul Herring, coward run:
John Biausir 90 yards novice and running
broad Jump y. w. Mangl.tz G00-yard run
and shot put William Orme 2oO-yard and
GO-yard runs: c. c. Williams 6OO-yard and
one-mile runs, and II. Royce in the COO
yard run
Veioped among the contesting teams for
The relay championship of Montgomery and
the possession of the Foster trophy CUP
Rockville became very strong factor yes
teroay, Wnen 1t was announced that their
team would be selected from the following
kelchner, Whiting, Glasscott Higgins
Mann and Hege. The latter was the win.
ner of the sprint last year, and has entered
Tor the 100 yards and shot-put on Labor
day Gaithersburg will rest her hopes for
victory on the Diamond brothers. Munroe
and Ledger, while the Keusington team
will be selected from these: Milliken ]
Morse, Ray Smith, Belaski and George and
Scott Israel The Washington Grove and
Linden teams will not be selected until next
week.
The mile run will be one of the best filed
of the handicap events, and there will be
an interesting race between Watson of
Georgetown. Gill of the National Guard,
Byrne of Technical High School, McCath-
ran of Central High School, last years WIN
ner, and Heiner. the old Baltimore Y. NJ C.
A. runner.
A Junior relay race. for boys of sixteen
years and under. has been added to the
program. and teams have already been
entered from the Ascension Church, the
Washington Y. M. c. A.. Washington Grove
and kensngton.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1905-08-20
CAPITAL CITY LEAGUE.
Standing of the Clubs.
National Athletic Club Defeats s.
Patrick's Team.

The National Athletic Club made it three
in row by defeating the st. Patrick's
team at the Coliseum yesterday The
score was to 4.
st. Patricks had recruit from the Mar
quette League in the box and with any re-
spectacle support he would have won his
game Five of the Nationals six runs were
made after the side should have been re-
tired. On the other hand the support ac-
corded Walker was perfect some of the
plays being of the sensational order In
the third inning Walker was assisted from
a predicament by beautiful catch of a
low liner by Mccormick. There were three
on bases at the time, and a double play
was completed by quick throw to third.
In the first inning Grant scored on errors
of Steep and Og!e. The Nationals added
two in the third. jenkins singled, the next
two struck out, Walker hit safely, as also
did Price. and an error and a passed ball
allowed two to tally. In the last inning
Oge fumbled Myers grounder, and Conway
nit to right, Myers counting. Jenkins reach
ed first on a choice, stole second and scored
with Conway on an error.
Two runs were tailed by the losers in
the third on single by Bishop, a base on
balls TO Steep and OBrien's double. In the
sixth Vermillion singled and w. Stecker
tripled. The latter scored on Sleeps out.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1905-08-20
ROSEDALE PLAYGROUND
ATHLETIC MEET

A successful athletic meet was held at
the Rosedale playground, 18th and Gales
streets northeast, yesterday afternoon. The
following is the summary of results:
Horseshoe pitching: Boys under twelve
First, Raymond Frazier; second, Jesse
Grimes; third, Geo. Wiel Number of con-
testants, Is.
Boys under sixteen-First, Michael Dore;
second, John Patten; third, Gilbert Simons.
Number of contestants. 10.
Boys over sixteen-First, Edward Laurie; :
second, Ernest Simons. Number of con-
testants, Z.
Standing broad jump: Boys under
twelve-First, George Wiel; second, Ray
mond Frazier Number of contestants. Z.
Boys under sixteen-First, Gilbert Simons;
second. Clarence Hill third Geo. Taylor.
Number of contestants, 8.
Running broad jump: Boys under twelve
First George Wiel; second Raymond
Frazier. Number Of contestants, Z.
Boys under sixteen-First, Brine Heden-
rich; second, Gilbert Simons; third, Clar-
ence Hill. Number of contestants, 8.
Running high jump: Boys under twelve
First, Paul Lingueback; second, Raymond
Frazier. Number of contestants, Is.
Boys under sixteen-First, Walter Lingue-
back; second, Brine Hiedenrich; third, Geo.
Taylor. Number of contestants, 8.
tweIve-First, Paul Lingueback; second.
William Connors Number of contestants, 8.
Sixty-yard dash: Boys under twelve
First, Paul Lingueback; second, William
McGilI Number of contestants. 4.
Boys under sixteen-First Michael Dore;
second, Geo. Taylor. Number of contest
ants. r.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1905-08-20
NEW YORK RIFLE
TEAM DESIGNATED.

ALBANY, N. Y, August 19.-Orders were
issued from the adjutant generals office to-
day designating the following state rifle
team to compete in the national match
this month at Sea Girt, N. j..
Captain-Leut. Col. n. B. Thurston, in
spector of small arms practice and ord
nance office, National Guard.
Adjutant, quartermaster and commits
sary-Capt. William H. Palmer, inspector
of small arms practice, 18th Regiment.
Coach-First Lieut.. Thurber A. Brown,
inspector of small arms practice. Sd Bat
talon.
spotter-Second Lieut.. Osborn W. Uhl, 9TH
Regiment.
Team and alternates-Capt. B. B. Meal
pin, Company 1; First Sergt. F. X. O'Con-
nor, Company C; Sergt. w. B. Short, Com
pany D: Corporal w. W. Taylor. Company
K 18th Regiment; First Sergt. c. M. Smith.
Company b; First Sergt. F. NJ. Dardingki-
Ter, Company E, 18th Regiment; First
Sergt. c. F. Bryant, Company F, 23d Regi-
ment; Ordnance Sergt. G. w. Lent, nom
commissioned staff. 47th Regiment; Capt.
George w. Corwin, inspector of small arms
practice; Capt. A E. Wells. Company H;
First Lieut.. E. A. Ranney, battalion adju-
tant; Ordnance Sergt. George III. Doyle,
non-commissioned staff; First Lieut.. w. b.
Shepard Company d, list Regiment: Capt.
Arthur Kemp, Company H; Ordnance
Sergt w. F. Leuschner. non-commissioned
staff 74th Regiment.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1905-08-20
Entries for Monday,

the Saratoga entries for Monday:
up-Elliott. 127: New Mown Hay. IFS; Col White
ia: The Muskateer. Gay Lothario. III: Old Eng
Pepper, 1o5 Druid 1o4; Flammus, 101; Antimony,
80: Good Bye 81: Brilliant. "a.
course. four -olds and up which have not won
at this meeting Charawind; 155; Cardigan, 10;
York Follow on. 14o; Knight Of Harlem 1873;
George Keene 1as; Decline. 1870
Kuroki. 122; velours ZIG; Anodyne., Speedway.
10 sidney F. MasteIsCn ia 100 L @ns Savar IRE
Fourth race the Amsterdam, selling, one mile,
thrce-year-olds and upast Valentine Judge
bury 1oi; Old England. lo1; Fleur de Marie,
Joaquin. Cantecn, 90; Right Royal, o.; Fustian.
%: The Clean. 81; 'Arkle. OIL; Butcher. 50.
Fifth race. hsndicap. mile and furiIng three
year-olds and up-Mousieur Beaucaire. Bad News,
l2u: Oarsman. ll5: EHgenia Burch. 100; Won
Tromp lO7; Tyron, 1o6; Wire In, loo; Hume, lo2;
Judge Hines, 100; New Mown Hay. 81; Work
msn S'noma Belle t11on sarS sains 30 msaens Two
years old Sir Caruthers High Brush. Remington,
Turkey Foot, 1O4; Greenland Tayanes; Edward
Round 90: Palora, 9S: Ineeside, X. I. Arm, suds,
Mintia 81: Annie Oakley, "a.
Entries at Latonia.
CINCINNATI, Ohio August 19.-Mon-
days entries at Latonia:
First race six turlongs; selling-Kate Zitt, Lady
Iasca. 50: Jim Collins Maceona, 81; Nominee, 90;
phiora %: Covina 81: Lady Lou, Merces. -; Ma
.diction 81; Henry Ach, 80, Liliandra, 90; Henry
Lyons %: Stroder. os.
second race six furlongs; selling-The PEI, 81,
WIladi Love. 81: Wexford o.: Gsllitha. 50; Fri
vol 81: Eduardo. 10G: RetoOn. luI; Euba, 30
The Roustabont 90: Allista. %; Joe Goss %
Eleanor Howard, lp-' Ar"ehhe, l"'' oiaeA f"A'
100.
Third race five aud half furlongs; purse-
Merry Belle, Santa Lucia. Lilita, %; ANITA An
gellc 80: Minnie Williams. 100.
Fourth race handicap stecplechase; short course
Nn,x ms rIa \
Martin Brady 1856: Shackeford l+3; PooriandS'
ta3 .,., &
Fifth race six furlongs handicap lntens" -:
D.lago, "a: toruscnte t03: white Plume, 1o3;
la puceIlem 100: uavland. 10I.
Moore entry.
sixth race five and half furlongs: purse
Jimmy Maher -: Or. Keith. 90 lioi Polloi. Nal
leahle. Specdmaker. Rolls, lo2: Hot loadS, W
Dr Windell 30; ST. ColuInb, Port Worth. iazd,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1905-08-20
GOOD RACING AT
GRANITE STATE PARK.

DOVER, \. II, August 19-The racing
at the Granite State Park today was the
best of the week. .Favorites. with the ex-
ception of Louise E., won. The sum-
maries:
215 pace; purse, s5o0-CaTero second, sew
enth and eighth heats and race. Time, O9l2,
2IlI . f3I4. Erskne Reed won fourth and NIT
heats and second place. Time, 215h, 2 10. Frank
$ won first sixth heats and third money.
Time = iO% 2.I5lo. Sttletto won third heat.
Zine 212Is Fuzzy, Harry Hill and Wilkes Brine
also started. The first two were ruled off in the
sixth and the latter d:stanced in the second.
Free furlll tr"t; purse. S3co.M entWorth won IN
three straight heats Time. Up. 211A, 2.10. FL
Nilardo. second: Harrison Wilkes, third. Sonata
was distancfd in the second.
90 trot: purse, $5oJ-Advancer won second,
third and fourth heats. Time, 2.15A, 2.1JA,
. igIa Mazetto first heat and second place.
Time = 1914 Great McGum. third Prof Samp-
son, Porter Oil Filter. Oakley Baron. Willie Bed
worth. Yates and Media also started. The two lat
ter distanced in the fourth.
2ls pace; purse $50O-Starlight won second,
third ard fourth heats and Time. 213A.
2.l4l4. 2 10. DIR. Band won first heat and second
place. Time, 2.1512. Elm Bud won third place
Lucky Buck, Louise E., X-Ray and F. F. V. also
started.