davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1905-10-04
objections, code has been made out
INTERNATIONAL CODE OF SIGNALS

objections, code has been made out
dealing with all matters marine, by
means Of which host of flags (from
two to four in numbeD indicate whole
sentences. For example, the flags Q,
D and S ask the question How does
the land lie!" +, o, Are you In dan
ger?" And so on.
In the Illustration of the flags here
given Of this international code of sig
nails, the various colors are indicated
thus: Yellow by dots, red by vertical
and blue by horizontal lines. You will
therefore have no difficulty in picturing
the true appearance of each.
1t is only since Jan. /, 1902, that
the code as here illustrated has been
in exclusive use. The former code pos
sessed no flags to represent the VOW
els; X, y and 2 have been added; and
an alteration has been made in the de-
sign and colors of couple OF the other
flags, F and L.
You will notice that one of the flags
"a pennant, or flag running to point,
having two white vertical stripes ON a
red grounds termed the code signal
and answering pennant. When in use
as the first, 1t indicates that the inter
national code is being employed. When
used as the sccond--as the answering
iag-its significance is equivalent to
II notice you are wishful to communi-
cate with me-"
When ship desires to speak to an
other, she opens the ball by hoisting
her ensign with the code flag beneath
1t.
The ship spoken to Immediately re-
spends to the signal by hoisting tine
answering pennant at the 'dlp"-that
is. two-thirds of the way up to, say,
the masthead or peak.
The first then makes the desired
signal, which may consist of two.
three or four flags; but never more
than four.
Should the second ship comprehend
the signal, she makes known the fact
by hoisting the answering pennant
"close up" in which position it is re-
tanned till the signaling craft has haul
ed down her flags. 1t is then lowered
to the dip" again in readiness for the
continuation of the message.
Should the signal be not distinguish
able, or appear not to be applicable to
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1905-10-04
THE NATURE OF ELECTRICITY.
Remains Ono of the Unsolved Prob
lens of the Century,

Remains Ono of the UnsoIved Prob
lens of the Century.
Daling with the science problems Of
the twentieth century Professor A. E.
Dolbear says concerning the ALIEN
bracing mystery of electricity:
Here on the threshold of the new
century we are confronted with the
question, What is electricity and the
answer implied by the question seems
to demand something which could
be described by one who knew enough,
as one would describe some new min
eral or gas or thing. Some eminent
scientific men are befogged by the
question, say it is some ultimate I'M
movable thing, and hopeless as an In
quiry. If it be something 1t must
be described by its constant properties
us other things are. II 1t be unlike
everything else then it can not be
described by terms that apply to any
thing else. All material things have
some common properties. A glowing
coal Is an incandescent, solid, flame is
an incandescent gas, but neither glow
nor flame exists apart from the matter
that exhibits the phenomena. Both
are conditions of particular kinds of
matter.
IF electric phenomena are different
from gravitative or thermal luminous
phenomena it does not follow that
electricity is miraculous or that 1t is a
substance. We know pretty thorough
" what to expect from it, for 1t is
quantitatively related to mechanical
and thermal and luminous phenomena
as they are to each other; SO IL they
are conditions of matter the presump-
ton would be strongly in favor Of cleo
tricity's being condition or property
Of matter. and the question What is
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1905-10-04
Ro..e.tls East indian visitor.


Gabriel Dante Rossetti, poet and
painter, was once visited BY an East
Indian prince who said to him:
II wish to give you commission
to paint a portrait OF my father"
as your father in London?" asked
Rossetti.
mo. my father is Dead" replied
the Oriental
Have you some photographs Of
him or any portrait?"
I'VE have no portraits of him OF
any kind"
How can / paint portrait OF him,
then" asked the artist. ut is impos.
sible. could not think Of attempt.
ing anything so absurd"
why is 1t absurd?" demanded the
prince gravely. You paint pictures
of Mary Magdalene and Gree and
John the Baptist, and yet you have
never seen any of them. Why can
you not paint my father?"
The prince was so insistent that
Rossetti yielded in sheer desperation.
He painted an ideal head that was
certainly Oriental and also regal in
Its bearing. The prince came to the
studio in great state to view 1t. When
the canvas was uncovered he looked
at 1T steadily and then burst into
tears.
How father has changed" he
cried.-Everybody's Magazine.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1905-10-04
The Toyland Of the World.

A Toxic correspondent of an Amer.
lean weekly has much of interest to
say Of Japanese toys. Japan is the
original toyland. really think that
Santa Claus must have branch es.
tablishment in Toxic. There are me-
chanical toys that go about as II they
were alive-tin turtles walking
around on the earthen floor, mice
scampering under counters and
around on the shelves, huge gor.
geously colored paper butterflies and
dragon flies buzzing around in the air.
There are no toy.carriages in Japan,
because in Japan there are no real
carriages. But there are toy jinriki-
shas, which are little two-wheeled
carts pulled by little brown men I'M
der great big mushroom-shaped hats
instead Of by horses. And there are
toy Cages, which are the oldest kind
OF grown-up cradles, that two men
carry, suspended from long bamboo
poles, upon their shoulders, and in
which grown-up folks have to sit,
curled up Turk-fashion, until their
feet go to sleep and they are forced
to demand the privilege of getting
down and walking. These are the
carriages of Japan. and, as toys,
would probably puzzle the average lit
tie boy or girl at home"
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1905-10-04

electricity would then be answered
in way by saying so, but such an
answer would not be the answer appar-
emily expected to the question. To saw
1t was property of matter would not
be much more ineligible than to say
the same of gravitation.
AT best it would add another prop
erty to the list of properties we Ill
ready credit it with. as elasticity, at.
traction and so on. In any case the
nature of electricity remains to be
discovered and stated In terms common
to others forms of phenomena, and 1t
is to be hoped that long before this
new century shall have been completed
mankind will be able to form as ade-
quate an idea of electricity as 1t now
has of heat"
Professor Dolbear intimates In his
article the belief that the field of in
vestigation and research remains as
large and fruitful as it has ever been.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1905-10-04

MARSHALL FIELD. ef Ill the united
States and probably our second rich
est citizen. His wealth is conserva-
lively estimated at S250,O00O00, though
it may be much greater than this. His
great stores in New York and Chicago
are world famous. and his name is
almost as familiar in Europe as it is
in America. He is 10 years Of age,
nearly 6 feet in height, erect in bear
ing and handsome in face. His is a
face and form which would attract at
tention in any company, as the per-
sonification of business acumen and
sterling citizenship. His first wife
died nine years ago, and since that
time he has gone very little into So
ciety, combining his visits to the homes
of II few intimate friends. the Cations,
who were his neighbors, being among
the number. His residence is on
Prairie avenue and the Cation mansion
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1905-10-04

is separated from 1t only by a narrow
alley.
Mr.. Field was born ON Massachu-
sets farm and spent his boyhood days
there. at II he went to work in
country store. A little later he went
to Chicago and secured clerkship
in Il wholesale dry goods house. At
the age Of % he was taken into part
nership and from that day to this his
fortune has grown.
Mrs. Cation, who is SO years of age,
though she does not appear to be more
than 40. is by temperament and en-
vironment admirably suited to be Mr..
Fields helpmeet. His friends are hers
and his tastes, which she thoroughly
appreciates, are her tastes. The two
personalities are declared to be we'll
suited. Mrs. Cation is amiable and
tactful. Her good nature is part of
herself and knows no ending. She
is a natural entertainer. For years
she occupied place in Chicago So
ciety hardly second to that held by
Mrs. Potter Palmer. Her dinners and
special entertainments at her home
We're famous when the present genera
ton of social butterflies was holding
sway in the nursery.
Mrs. Cation is the daughter of the
Spencer who helped to found the
house of Hubbard, Spencer, Bartlett
& Co. As Della Spencer twenty
seven years ago she met and was won
by Arthur Cation. one of the most Gull
tlyated and handsomest beaux of the
period. The courtship was brief and
was started at Ottawa, ILL.,, where the
Spencers lived. Mr.. Cation, who was a
native of Oneida county, N. Y, became
wealthy and his wife inherited riches
from her parents. Mrs. Cation also
was among the most prominent patron
esses at the charities, balls and horse
shows. Her husband was good whip
and, being fond of horses, he INDUCED
his whim extensively. AT the last
horse show he drove FOUR hand to
general applause.
Mrs. Cation has travelled consider
ably of recent years. She has been
presented at several European courts
and is n familiar figure Mt the Euro
pean watering places patronized. by
royalty and the aristocracy of the old
world.
Mr.. Cation, who was a warm per-
sonal friend of Mr.. Field, about year
ago died suddenly in New York City.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1905-10-04
semaphore signals is almost self.ex

semaphore signals is almost self.ex.
planatory.
1t will be noticed that each letter Of
the alphabet is indicated. in the dis
tant by hoist Of three shapes-a
cone, ball, and drum; and, in the
semaphore, by the inclination and posi-
ton with reference to the post of
three arms.
The cone with the polat upward is
termed number l, and corresponds
with the semaphore arm pointing up
ward. The ball is number 2, and is
equivalent to the horizontal arm Of
the other. The down-pointing cone
corresponds with the down-pointing
arm of the semaphore. and is numbered
8. All these positions of the arm are
on the side Of the post opposite to the
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1905-10-04
Protection for Ruins.

Great Britains government has de-
cided to secure and protect for the
nation the ancient ramparts erected
by Edward !. around the town of Ber-
wick-on-Tweed. These ruins are Of
great antiquarian and historical
value. They form one of the most in.
teresting monuments of the bitter
strife that existed for centuries be-
tween England and Scotland, as they
are situated right on the-border. The
walls include the old bell tower from
which flaring beacon gave warning
to the English farmers Of the ap-
proach of the bands Of marauding
Scots.-New York Globe.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1905-10-04
Pay Days In Norway.

In Norway on pay days saloons a,
closed and savings banks open un-
til midnight. Servant girls hire for
half year at time by contract
at public registry Offices. There is a
telegraph box on every street car.
One writes the message, puts on the
right number of stamps. and drops it
in the box. Farmers can borrow
money from the government at three
per cent. There are practically no
illiterates. The average wage earn
ings are $sS year. There are more
reindeer than horses, more sheey
than cows.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1905-10-04
~sonne.s I, o Blue.

Heennets O. Blue.
Just I'VE years old,
This tale is true
In all respects of Bonnets o. Blue
~ A dear little maid:
Not Just for rhyme,
Am I writing this.
cam keeping time,
And lockstep. too. like soldier
true,D
Beautiful eyes of sweetest hue"
She PLAYED around when the day was
fair,
All alone with no playmate there,
Twas the time of battles and sword
and hum
OF busle note.
Cam with the drum,
And lock-step square like a soldier
rare.")
Beautiful eyes and sweetest hair"
Twas in time of battles and she knew
no more
Than the battle song and the war
mans lore,
She marched with curls and banner
and gait
OF knishtly grace,
Cam marching straight,
With lock-step lore, when the can.
mons roar.")
Soldier child with her soldier lore"
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1905-10-04
Never Heard OF HowelIs.

An amusing little incident was re-
lated recently to William Dean How
ellis. 1t seems that reader of many
novels from the West went into New
York bookstore and asked a bright.
looking clerk for Howells' last book.
Yes, we have it." replied the clerk,
and handed the customer a book by 81.
e. Wells. NO" said the Westerner,
mot Wells-Howells-W D. Howells."
The clerk looked nonplused, and, going
to the back of the store, conferred
with another intelligent-looking spec
tacled clerk. Both apparently were at
a loss, and the second young man came
forward and said: "Will you please
tell me If he has ever written any 9th
Ell books?' about sixty" retorted
the Westerner, and with a sad smile
for the passing of the bookshop he de-
parted to seek Miss Bellard's Inspira-
ton" in the better Informed depart.
ment store.-Harper's Magazine.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1905-10-04

A writer who spends his summers at
the seashore tells the following story:
An ignorant countryman who saw the
sea for the first time was much i'm
pressed with the effect of the blue
water and asked fisherman IL he
could tell him the owner, as he would
like to buy gallon to take home to
his wife. The fisherman replied, proud
~:
us, me man-we own itl'
Land sakes!" exclaimed the rustic.
Gould you sell me gallon for 80
cents?"
Sure" said the fisherman: and he
disappeared, returning in few mo-
ments with jar Of water, for which
he received the countryman's so cents.
The latter departed with his pur-
chase. Returning later in the day, at
ter the tide had gone out, he gazed in
silent wonder at the water. which had
reached far from the best
hummer he exclaims don't they
do trc 'e!'-Harper's Weekly.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1905-10-04
The stock Exchange Bear.

A bear in stock exchange is, as
everyone knows, one who looks for
ward to a fall in stocks, and sells in
the hope Of being able to buy at a
lower price before the times comes
for delivery. The name is supposed to
be derived from the story Of the man
who sold a bears skin before be had
caught and killed the bear,
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1905-10-04

Special Distant SiEnal-fs War Declared.
indicator. Number 4 is represented by
drum or by horizontal arm on the
same side as the indicator.
Owing to the fact that these distant
and semaphore signals take more time
than the flag system, requiring always
two or more hoists, thirty-seven spe-
cial urgent signals needing one hoist
only have been provided In the Code
Book; such as: "32. Short of provI-
sions. Starving "24. Want water
Immediately" 1912. Is war declared?"
The "Stop" signal indicates the end Of
the sentence.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1905-10-04


Field and Mrs.
Della Spencer Ca
ton, which was re-
Gently solenlnized
in London.
Marshall Field is
the worlds great
est merchant, hav-
ing immense inter
ests in all parts of
the globe. He is
the largest taxpay-
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1905-10-04
Thought 1t Was a Proposal

The Mani trust, Mrs. Backbay,
that you don't agree with Maud Come
when she says brainy women should
not marry?
The Girl from Boston-This IL 90
preclpitate, dear Mr.. Breezy!-Clevs-
land Leader.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1905-10-04
1ARTARs ON THE wARPArH.

Fearful Scenes of Slaughter and Arson
in the Caucasus.
The rioting in the Caucasus between
Tartars and Armenians, in which
many thousands have been killed or
injured and millions of dollars worth
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1905-10-04

The maternal instinct" in woman,
which every one admires, is largely
responsible for her demand that her
husband also ask her consent when he
leaves the house, the same as the
children ask 1t.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1905-10-04
Friendship.

Some people value mans friend
ship by the amount of money he is
willing to lend.-Detrolt Free Press.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1905-10-04

It's easier not to want things than
i, Y to get them,
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1905-10-04
Wild barley in India.

Barley grows wild in the mountains
of Himalaya, where It is apparently ln.
digenops,
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1905-10-04
MARSHALL FIELDS BRIDE.
Beautiful Mrs. Cation Who Has Married
the Merchant Prince.

SELDOM does marriage attract
greater public interest than that dir
ected toward the union of Marshall
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1905-10-20
THIS DAY in HISTORY
October 10th.

17oa-A fro commenced In Copenhagen,
the capital OF Denmark, and lastco
three days; most of the city burned
down.
17ee-A basket-makcr contrived by sing
MAR sea folding OF tWigs TO prlhs
down the weathercock from the ola
abbey church OF st. Adams, IN Ens-
land
1eo4-six cardinals were named by the
popo to accompany His Holiness to
France for the coronation OF Napo-
leon.
17eo-Thc University Of Oxford and the
Marquis Of Buckingham each pre-
scented 1000 copies OF the BLDG for
distribution among the French clergy.
1eo7-rhc ports of Portugal shut against
British shipping.
1e15-Grcat hurricane at Jamaica. when
continued three days and wrecked
ono hundred vessels.
1s2s-Trafalgar Square. London, begun.
1s41--A fire broke out In the Tower 1T
London and entirely consumed the
building called the small armory;
about 900, 900 stands OF arms and a
great number OF trophies OF various
kinds wcf'e destroyed.
1854 Sever. attachments OF British
guards left London for the Crimea,
TO MI up casualties caused by the
battle OF Alma,
1e64-Dclcgntes from the Canadian colo-
Meg at Il meeting Mt Quebec, agreed
upon the basis Of representation In the
Canadian confederu ton.
1874 General Frederick Dent Grant and
Ida Marie Honore married In Chicago.
1894 Seventy acres area In Carthage, n.
Y, burned, with property loss OF
nearly $1.o00,000
1899 General Jiminez elected President
Of the Dominican Republic.
| 1899 The American yacht Columbia won
Tho third straight race from sham
rock
1850 South African Boer War; Siege Of
kimberley by the Beers begun: bat
Tie Of Dundee, In Natal, IN which the
British repulscd the l'oers British
Iosa, 2l5 In killed and wounded.
1904 RUSSO Japanese War; japanese
attempt to recapture Lone Tree Hill;
rcpulscd after furious lighting In thicls
| darkncss
Japanese captured important posi-
ton on slope Of RlhluhG Mountain,
near Port Arthur; Russians unable TO
/ hlsOdRe them
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1905-10-20
MORGAN TAKES, ISSUE.
His Views, AS Opposed to Those
Of Roosevelt.

Senator John T. Morgan Of Alabama,
recently made statement IN Birming-
ham In which he took Issue with Presl-
ferring greater powers for the reguln-
ton Of railway rates upon the Inter
state Commerce Commission. Said Sena-
tor Morgan:
The proposition proposed by the PresI-
dent contomplntes, IN the judgment or
sober-ininded men. nothing less than q
radical change both III the principle of ma
and distant power delegated by the con-
stltution and the statute law to the
Federal government on the one hand
and on the other hand to the States.
q careful examination of the situation,
1t Is not likely that the effort to en-
power the Inter State Commerce COM
mission with authority to fix rilwhy rates
any definite conclusion. The subject IS
SO large, the interests involved are SO con.
hcting, and tho wishes Of the people OF
dvorse, t IS wei Il nigh MIG Impossible 10
reach Immediately satisfactory con-
cluson in the matter |, hardly n, thih ,K
that anything definite Will be done Dy
ITO Illustrate: Railways In Alabama
do business In the State under q charter
issued by the State Legislature. suppose
now the Interstate Commerce :, Comn ms.
great mass Of the people. The people
would then have the right to say that
they We're oppressed by the railways. and
rather than endure the oppression they
would revoke the charter. That would
put the railway out Of business IN the
State, and not only put It out or pusi-
ness but also derange the, whole rate
system that had been fixed BY the Inter
State Commerce Commission
I'VE cannot afford to adopt IN this
country the experiment of CHANGING over
night our political system. That expert
nlent has been tried many times IN MS
country is prosperous. our people are
happy. The nation has been made what
1T is by the genius OF its people, by Its
free Institutes. by tho wise distri-
button OF governmental powers between
the Federal and the state authorities. The
question: Has Congress the power TO
fix railway rate? is absolutely new IN
politics. 1t has not yet been
determined. 49,,
judicial question, and should be solved in
a judicial and busnessike manner. The
difficulty Is that the moment the ques.
ton Is discussed 1t runs into politics ae
should not not be made a political issue. in
the usual acceptation of the word for
il it be so nladegit will result in wreck.
Ing the Industrial and commercial NE OF
the country There is so much at stake
in this nation that patriotic citizens VIII
sec to it that they are not swept from
their mornings by ill-adviscd agitation on
the part Of persons who have neither the
Intelligence nor the capacity TO solve
rightly great constitutional Drohiern:, IN;
and commercial prosperity OF the cou m
try. but also some Of the funda mcntaii
principles of free, orderly. constitutional
government.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1905-10-20
Judge Lewis's Complaint.

In statement printed in The Times
Dispatch, Judge l.. J.. Lewis complains
that this paper has several tines referred
editorlally to his official letter OF 1876
on the subject OF sending troops 10 Pc
tcrshurg as m affidavit" and again
that We did not quote the letter In full,
several important passages being left out
We referred to this Official letter. US
an affidavit" because 1t was so dcslg-
mated In the Congressional Record. M
cited by us In the original article. and
we did not quote It In full because the
full! text OF the letter or affidavit. OF
whatever II was. was not quoted In ful
In the Congressional Record. We en-
ployed 1t as We found IT In print and Il
the whole document had been founc
there, we should, OF course. have pi.ntot
Il in full; or, II Judge Lewis had sen
l. to us NO should have printed 1t II
fun; or, Il he had addressed any com
muncation 10 this paper on the subject
st would have been printed ms prominent
~ So any comment Of ours on tho sub
ject.
Tho Times Dispatch will do what II ca.
to aid the election OF tho Democrat