The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1885-1921, 1905-05-19

appearing above the dirt that the
planter has filled in around them
Fields are planted from January I'M
til May, So that they may ripen in
rotation, and thus furnish a continu-
Gus supply for the mill.
eat La Granja it will not be neces-
sary to plant new tops for the next i've
to eight years, I am informed by my
neighboring hacienderos. The soil here
is very rich.
AS soon as the cane is 10 inches
high the plow is run through twice be-
tween each two rows, throwing the
dirt away from the cane; then a very
careful hoefng is given.
when the cane has reached a height
of 8 feet. it should be plowed again,
the dirt being thrown toward the rows,
so that the water during the rainy sea-
son will not injure the cane. This is
generally the final blowing.
After another hoeing and wedding,
no further cultivation is necessary, I'M
less the weeds should get started again
before the rainy season; for, during the
rainy season. the ground is too wet and
the cane too large to admit of cultiva-
=
special attention should be given to
keeping the drainage bitches open
along the lower side of the cane fields.
"A great saving of labor could be
effected by the use of a pillow taking
two burrows within inches of the
cane and throwing the burrows in the
middle SO as to give the hoe hand
chance to get in between the cane to
NJ:
up the ground around the plant, SO as
to give the roots a chance to penetrate
into the SOIL
After the cane is. say, feet high,
it could be run through with double
moldboard pillow. This would throw
the dirt toward the cane, and give it
the proper amount of soil, and also
make an irrigation ditch in the center
which. in case of heavy rains, could
also carry off the surplus water
IF water is applied during the dry
season, it results beneficially; but at
other times irrigation weakens the sac
charinity of the cane, and its total
value is too small to warrant more
than a small outlay for the purpose.
when the cane yellows. the lower
leaves turn dry, the stalks become
brittle. and the flowers (if there are
any fall the cane is considered ripe,
and it is cut off close to the ground
with bolos. The tops are cut off at
the same time and thrown in rows for
fodder, the leaves stripped off, and the
cane hauled to the mill in carts or
on tramways. If mills were built at
the lower edge of the farms, a system
Of gravity incline tramways, reaching
put into the fields like the extended
fingers on a hand would enable the
1acienderos to transport the cane to
the mill without using work animals
except for the return Of the car.
LAS harvesting and planting are
both carried on at the same time IN
sugar raising an extra large force of
work animals must be kept throughout
he year for this double labor; hence
his would be an advantage, as it
would reduce the number required.
..AIl workers on haciendas receive
10Th board and salary. The board US
tally costs the haciendero / peso $50
ents in gold) a week per man.
he salary of the capataz Garm fore
nan or overseer) is As pesos per month.
hat of the cabo tforeman) % pesos.
he mill hands 8 pesos. and TIE field
ands pesos per month.
''On La Granja the laborers board
themselves and the wages ares 3mewhat
igher than the board and wages paid
Isewhere the field hands wages be-
lg So to so cents. Conant per day and
nose of native teamsters from rs cents
D l peso. Conant. per day. ii
In spite of all that has been said
f the Filipino as inefficient. we must
ring in minority report Some it is
rue. are found to be averse to labor,
nd their services are quickly dispens-
with: some are unfit fo~ any but
2e commonest manual labor. while
lere are others who quickly learn to
andle horses and to perform the usual :
arm operations. In short, we observe .
le same characteristics am ng labor :