The citizen-Republican. (Scotland, Bon Homme County, S.D.) 1???-19??, 1905-03-30
INSIDE SECRETS
OF S0ApMAKING
How Fats, Resin, Soda or Lye
Are Mixed and Make
Ready for Market.
REQUIRES HARD BOILING
GREASY Mass Is Cooked for Days in a
Monster Tank. Then Is Add
ed the Perfume and
Cclcrins,
REQUIRES HARD BOILING

L.. p+A itsi'I hItNt III
Ingredients that compos soap, thi
very necessary article of our daily life
The common yellow brand, or, as |
Is termed in the trade. family soap.
depends for its success in the marke
on it's color" that is. The lighter ant
cieaie, the shade Of yellow the fin
lsi1ed article has, the more ready it!
sale. To attain this color the maker!
each rave a method OF their own Of
boiling. ana, if that fails, of bleaching
to bring out this color" scii@ne. Toilet
soap goes through a much different
process in its manufacture. and tC
show the different process each grade
goes through l will give the evolution
of each from the raw material to the
snished product.
In and about Greater New York are
several of the largest soap works IN the
world, a few OF them catering 10 both
the family and toilet trade. Ii the
making of family soap these factories
use Immense kettles or tanks. open at
one end n holding from 5000 TO 150.-
900 pounds of the liquid soap. Into
these kettles is first dumped the grease
or stock. as 1t is called; steam is then
turned on the mass through a system
or coils OF two-inch pipe in the bottom
OF the kettles. Some of these. coils are
called open coils on account of their
surface being nunctured to allow the
awe steam to percolate through the
soap 10 facilitate rapid boiling. AS
socn as the stock has reached The BOIL
ang polnt the caustic soda Or I've is then
added the mass being allowed 10 boil
thoroughly for five or six hours. after
winch the rosin is added; the proper
zion of the stock in the kettle now be-
ing 90 per cent. grease. 80 per cent.
cosln and 20 per cent. sod or lye.
Hard Boiling.
Now comes the real boin..g. which
goes on without Interruption for three
or four days, by which time the mass
has thoroughly ~saponifed: salt is now
added, steam shut off and the mass al
eowed to settle for about three days,
after which it is pumped into a sort of
mixing machine resembling q large
drum. with a shaft running through its
center, on which are rapidly revolving
blades. This is called the .crutcher."
Ihe sediment that enlains in the bot
tonl of the kettle after the soar has
been drawn off was until a few years
& run off into 4 sewer as waste, but
now 1t is run into tanks and used in the
manufacture of glycerine.5 Lit is at the
"crutcher' the real doctoring of the
soap AXE place. If the rosin the soap
ulaker has been using is of an inferior
SiadSi oI HIS STOCK was extra
rancid, lie gets to work on this churn-
ING mass in the "crutciler'' and pro-
duces a bleach that many an old maid
would give q fortune to know the secret
of. IT is here the perfume is added,
and, II the market price is low, he can
n does swell and weigh his stuff
while at the "c%rutcher" by simply
adding silicate of soda. soda ash. slick
or whatever pet preparation he may
have.
After being "doctored" and stiffened
by the ''%crutcher" the soap is run off
into adjustable iron or wooden frames.
and allowed to cool and harden prepar-
satory to being taken to the cutting
tables, Where the frames are run
sizes of bars or cakes the trade may
From these tables the bars
and cakes are Placed in drying rooms,
where they are subjected to a, high tenn
iperatnre which puts a gloss onthe
fln1sned article and enables the press
man. to whom it goes after leaving the
drying room. to stamp clearly the var
ious designs and trade marks upon its
NOW even smooth surface. 1t is then
wrapped in cleverly Worded circulars
and gay wrappers and dumped upon the
guilible public. The toilet brand Of
goods goes through a much different
process OF manufacture. 1t is not
boiled.
The tailow, and in high grade goods,
heated sufficiently to miY well with sodas)
s. I've and then poured Ii to frames,
where 1t Is "crutched. by hand. a
wooden dashef, the same as those used
IN the making of buttermilk, being
nsed in this operation. After being
4rcrutchedH it is allowed to cool and
farden. and when it has grown firm
AJlOIlGD@ II ~ h !, Ala ~ f,r,& - - nE. 49,. I II
IS strippe away AMI then it resembles
DOCK Of dirty marble. This block
y theN taken into a chipping machine,
by which it is clipped, the same as a
fnili planer would chip a board. These
chips are placed on trays and left in
the drying rooms until they are
thoroughly dry and crisp.
coloring the Soap.
A1snlaii box trunk, carrying about $50
pohnds Of Inc now dry, crisp chips.
nve these to a mill where are run-
ming three heavy granite rollers. TIE
scoloring liquid and perfume are now
adaed 70 the chips, n the whole is
passed Backward and forward through
these rollers until the color has thor
oughlN pernleated every particle Of the
5noWaiong, silky ribbons into which the
CHIPS #haye.been rolled. Pink, green,
yellow and he1iotrope are the standard
snlors used in toilet soap.
Isl us that the batch lust
passed through the mill has been col
sorad green n is now a beautiful
snape OF emerald. 1t is. then placed in
6 called a platter, in which
~ and worked up until If 81
a SOIL mass, about the consistency If
1ntIN;; the n of the platter "a Then
DpehedsandSthis softsrnassi Is nressad ont
shrougn q small, circular hole. after
gs ~ It's cut into small sections To-
.ltsls here the funny part eo,nas IL
has been u into hetwean
t ~ anuailNe gross of blank cakes. 4
sas aprssSInan has an order for, one
Rross .ofsDr Fakemss freckle soar. H
SAnsSlhlss off and picks UP the next Or
net. which reads. HOns and ! I,aIf
sa Krsss of Dr. C--'s wonderf,,i spin
oap." He takes the DE-. Faken1 dia aa,t
Sfsthe press and puts III i,r1 ~
! apgdie and presses this 4 ont
SsSlIsthe same batch sasEtheIasf IN shal
AneeS of he original four ~ M s,,':nss
Will he pressed unsins n,,as
8 foss Is 1915, each lot clairning wiasi,.
alI properties al cssss.sa
snls5aoes not applysto ali toilet soaps'
assaneFe srs e feW 200 brards o Nh
49,