The daily morning journal and courier., 1905-01-31

Great Development of IndustriaIism
 Means There Must be an Increase In
 Supervision Exercised by Government
 Over Business Enterprises-speakcr
 DecisiveIy for Government Control of
 Railroads.
 Philadelphia. Jan. sO President Roosevelt was the guest of honor and principal speaker tonight at the for ty-second anniversary banquet of the Union league. The president came to this city over the Pennsylvania rail- road from Annapolis. where he attend ed the exercises, this afternoon, incl dent to the graduation of the senior class of cadets. An immense throng greeted Mir. Roosevelt at the railroad station and he received an ovation On
 his way to the Union league, which he acknowledged by continually raising his hat. At the club house he passed
 through two lines of cheering members to the reception room where, from SIS to ' clock he stood and shook hands with several hundred prominent citl- zens. The First troop, Philadelphia cavalry, acted as the presidents escart while he remained in the city. The
 banquet room was marvel of the dec orators art.
 In introducing President Roosevelt
 MT. Stotesbury referred to him as the only president, who having succeeded
 to the office of president upon the death of his predecessor, retained that office
 by the votes of the people. When President Roosevelt arose to
 make his address he was greeted with
 long continued applause. Then the en- tire assembly stood and sang sThe Star
 Spangled Banner accompanied by the First regiment band, N. G. IF. President Roosevelt in his address said:
 unquestionably the great develop
 ment or lndustrialism means that there must be an increase in the supervision exercised by the government over bus mess enterprises. This Supervision should not take the form of violent and ill-advised interference; and assuredlv there is danger lest it take such form # the business leaders of the business community confine themselves to try- ing to thwart the effort at regu Ycn instead of guiding it alright. Such men as the members of this club should
 lead in the effort to secure proper sli-
 pervision and regulation of corporate
 activity by the government, not only
 because it is for the interest of the community as a whole that there should be this supervision and regula- tion but because in the long run it will
 be in the interest above all of the very
 people who often betrayl alarm and anger when the proposition is first l made. s l Neither this people nor any other free people will permanently tolerate |. the use of the vast power conferred by vast wealth. and especially by wealth in it's corporate form, without lodging
 somewhere in the government the still l higher power of seeing that this pow CT, in addition to being used in the ir- terest of the individual or individuals | possessing it. is also used for and not against the interests of the people as a whole. Our peculiar form of gover} | ment, a government in which the nS tion is supreme throughout the unioiS ! in certain respects, which each ofe nearly half a hundred states is supreme t in its part of the union in certain other respects, renders the task of dealing with these conditions especially dif1i- cult. No finally satisfactory result can l be expected from merely state action. I The action must come through the fed-
  country is now carried on in way of which the founders of our constitu- l tion could by no possibility have had | any idea.
 | All great business concerns are en- 1 gagged in interstate commerce, and it. was beyond question the intention of l the founders of our government that l interstate commerce in all it's branches
 and aspects should be under national
 and not state control. If the courts de- l eide that this intention was not carried
 out and made effective in the constitu- l tion as it now stands, then in the end I the constitution, if not construed diff | ferently, will have to be amended so that the original undoubted intention
 may be made effective. But of course,
 constitutional amendment is only to ! be used as last resort if every effort of legislation and administration shall
 have been proved inadequate. l Meanwhile the men in public life and ! the men who direct the great business interests of the country should work ! not in antagonism but In harmony to- ward this given end. In entering field 1 where the progress must of necessity
 be 50 largely experimental it is essen- ! tion that the effort to make progress should be tentative and cautious we must grow by evolution, not by revolr- ton. There must be no hurry but
 there must also be no halt; and those who are anxious that there should be-
 no sudden and violent changes must
 remember that precisely these sudden and violent changes will be rendered | likely if we refuse to make the needed
 changes in cautious and moderate manner.
 | A tthe present moment the greatest Eneed is for an increase i'll the power of the national government to keep the. l great highways of commerce open alike 1 to all on reasonable and equitable terms Less than century ago these | hipIwa ve yvara efilJ aS tIav had 1,naft