The Birmingham age-herald., 1905-11-05
HUNGARY HOME OF
 MANY PEOPLES Country is Mosaic of Tribes
 and Nationalities SERFDOM CURSES THE LAND Peasant Is Obliged to Work 50 Days of Each Year for Ills Landlord Without Pay-Home of
 Gypsles.
SERFDOM CURSES THE LAND

Without Pay-Home of
 Gypsies.
 Ye Old Timer in the Pittsburg Dispatch.
 Who will reign over Hungary when good old Francis Joseph is no more? Wiu the biggest part of the empire divorce itself from Austria when that inevitable event occurs?
 These queries prompted by the pres ent difficulties between the Emperor and most of his people who are not of Ger man blood.
 There never was another such mosaic inhabits the country called Hungary. The name Hungarian as a racial designation means nothing. The Hungarian may be a Magyar, Slav, Croat, Dalmatian, gypsy. or what-not. When you speak of a Hungarian you probably mean a Mag var, for that is the name of the dom inant people of the country. They proud of their descent from the ancient Huns whom Attila led on to conquest
 Even should the Magyars break their hated union with Austria they would be likely to have serious troubles soon among themselves. Serfdom of the old Russian type still cures some parts of the country. It led to an instruction in 1898. the year of the Spanish American war.
 The peasant Is obliged to work fifty days each year for his landlord without pay, the time to be chosen by the land lord. The landlord is almost sure to choose the season when the poor man can least afford to work for nothing. When the magnate needs service he sends a drummer through the village to warn out the men, and no matter how press ing the wight's own farm work may be he must drop everything to labor for his master In winter, 100, he Is forced to beat up game for the arstocratic hunter, for which service he gets munificent sal ary of cents day. Hungarian country labor is cheap in cold weather. As for the peasants wife, she must help to sweep and scrub the landowners manor one day each week without pay. Some times the serfs are hitched up to blows and compelled to do horses work, so lit- tie difference Is there in Hungary between the value of men and beasts.
 Light-Hearted Race.
 Yet the Magyars are light hearted and artistic race. The Hun who cannot sing and dance and play on some musical in- strument Is a rare fellow. Most of them are able to compose songs, both music and words. Girls who appear slow and stupid in their work-a-day manner blaze into feminine glory when fired by the music of a dance. And my! how they <y.A- h af a dull rag in comparison with the Magyar girls attire.
 Very different is the Magyar wife. When she accompanies her husband she follows behind, Indian squad fashion. She would not dare to address him in the second person. Will your gracious ness have another potato?" Is her style. He reciprocates by calling her my ser vant," and his children as my little ser vants."
 The men outshine the women in their clothes While the wife dresses very soberly her husband struts about in a gorgeously embroidered sheepskin. All these customs are in vogue in villages through which pass electric cars, and within an hours ride of the capital, Budapest
 The typical Magyar village Is dreary place-no trees or shrubbery anywhere. The bare end walls of the dwelling are built flush to the street. The cottage front Is on the sde opening on barn yard surrounded by stables and outhouses Nothing could be more ugly, and yet nothing more clean and tidy than these houses.
 Home of the Gypsy.
 Hungary Is the home of the gypsy, so far as he can be said to have a home. ''Tsigane" he is called in his own coun- t,-tt akn,, l.l.x Magyarland. Tsiganes camp near towns, building for themselves rude huts of single room each, in which the family huddle, eat and sleep on bare boards. You can't tie down the Tsigane to regular habits. He will not even eat regular meals. A sandstone pot filled with DOT ridge or some other boiled stun hangs over smolderng fire, and when any one Is hungry he simply grabs spoon and stews. and milk, and lard. On fes- tive occasions hedgehog, squirrel. a fox cat Is added to the menu.
 The Tsigane usually wears no more clothes than the law allows. Girls are con tent with single garment. a small apron, until they get husbands, which happens when they are about 12 or 15 years old The men. too. are economical in their at- tire, but after marriage they are quick to wear oast-off finery which some nobleman had discarded.
 Tsiganes have the hobo's horror of work and restraint of any kind. Wandering is first nature to them. You take a gypsy baby. educate him in the best civilized so- ciety, rear him in ignorance of his parent age, and yet when he is grown he will tramp. He has no word in his language corresponding to the English word stay" He never stays.
 The occupations he picks up are such that rovers can follow-horse-t trading, -shearing, blacksmithing, but more often begging. The Tsigane will follow a carriage for miles In the hope of having a coin dropped into his hat. Once the Elm peror of Austria-H Hungary undertook to compel these people to earn an honest living, but he had to give up the job
 In the Middle Ages when every other country in Europe persecuted and hunted down the gypsies like wild beasts, the Magyars took pity upon the outcast race and gave it home. That is why Hun gary Is the home of the Tsiganes
 The Gawk Engraving Co makes the