The state herald., 1905-06-09
ENGINEER CARPENTER EXPLAINS
kANSAS-C0L0RAD0 water SUIT

has denied the facts asserted by Kan
sas and it seems evident that while as
a whole Kansas and her witnesses
have been acting In good faith. yet
they have been very grossly mistaken
and that II an investigation had been
made by competent parties in the be-
ginning no suit would have been
brought.
Colorado denies that irrigation in
Colorado has dried UP the river. In
stead of dry years being of recent oc-
currence, they have been common
from the earliest history of the river,
and evidence was given by travellers
from the time of Pike onward that the
river was dry substantially as often
as it is now. The evidence Of living
witnesses made complete chain of
testimony, showing that the river has
been dry for a greater part of the time
from 1898 down to the present, and
that the normal condition of stretch
of several hundred miles in western
Kansas is SO dry that water for drink
ing purposes is found only by digging
in the sand.
The Primal Point.
A good many lines of evidence con-
verge upon this point for consideration
of the watershed. of the rainfall, of the
loss of water. This Is the primal point
of Kansas, and If she fails in this, 1t
would seem that shAAust fail in the
main case.
AS bearing upon the ,underfiow the
ory, which was an exceedingly import
n Mt rt - hn h<~ al
orado expert presented tross-sections
of the valley at various lplaces, with
profile of the water surfSe which re-
quired the running of liTfs over 800
miles. In these cases tie distance
from the surface to the gIpund water
was determined. and lines running at
hundred-mile distances were taken at
frequent intervals 10 determine the
truth of the Kansas contention that
the river affected the ground water n
considerable distance from the stream,
The facts ascertained were that the
ground water was parellel with the
surface of the ground. was higher when
the ground was high and fell as the
ground fell. 1t was also shown that
the underground water had velocity
of usually less than ten feet per day.
hence that the great amount of flowing
water supposed TO be present was not
there.
An analysis Of the crop reports of
Kansas showed that the crops were
not dependent upon the river to any
extent, but that the years of good or
bad crops in the Arkansas valley were
likewise good or bad years in the Smo-
ky Hill aad Republican valleys; that
water was not used for irrigation, and
further, that these years were years of
good or poor rainfall.
Both Colorado and the government
examined many witnesses upon the
importance to the West and the right
TO appropriate water. This included
not only people from Colorado. but peo-
pie from other states. including Kan.
sas, and also United States officers.
senators, representatives. all OF whom
showed the absolute necessity Of the
right in the development of this west
ern country.
1t was shown that the amount OF
land already irrigated exceeds the
number of acres OF improved land in
New England.
The scope of the testimony. OF
course. has been great, and has In
cluded hundreds and thousands OF
minor points of considerable import
gnce. but each of greater or less value
as bearing upon the main issue.
Kansas put in much evidence which
could be OF Importance only In cumu-
H. N 4 a..
present any expert evidence. and ap-
parently made no Investigations but
relied upon the conclusion that II Colo,
RADIO took water from the river the
river must be decreasing. and there
fore her people injured.
The government offered evidence OF
the condition on Interstate streams
such as the Platte. the Rio Grande.
and numerous others. emphasizing n
condition which would suggest the gov
ernment taking charge OF the inter
state streams. This caused Colorado
TO enter upon questions covering n
large extent OF territory outside the Ar
kansas valley.
The evidence OF Colorado tends to
show that Kansas has not been dam
aged: that she has been mistaken In
her contention; that she has no cause
OF action. and therefore that the In.
junction asked for should not be
granted.
A, the same '.me II Is not to be as.
sumed that the Supreme Court VIII
lightly dismiss the case. II Is recog'
nized that conflict between the ripar-
an doctrine and the doctrine OF appro.
priatlon is inevitable. and that the IL.
sues In this case are OF great import.
ince. not only TO the people imme'
liately concerned. but to the whole
western United States.
The members OF the Supreme Court
recognize this, and II liz not improba.
bic that they may make this the occa'
sion for going extensively into the law
OF Interstate streams. The unfayornble
feature In the case is In the fact tina,
the members OF the Supreme Court
are not acquainted with the conditions
of the West and that without such per
sonal knowledge. much OF the tcstl'
mony In apt To 10 unintelligiblc ia
thom and possibly misleading. and that
they may be seriously r.isl.d In their
application of equity and luminous
commos sense 10 these conditions.
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Gar clings to Repression.
81, Petersburg, June 9, 2;l0 n. NJ
The Russian government has shown
that II has not weakened In this hour
OF disaster Instead of yielding 10 the