davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1905-05-20

was as far as we had travelled on the
road of democracy
"You recognized the political equal
ity of your free Inhabitants / in
sisted.
I'VE did not,'' said Adams. stIn
most states one could not vote unless
he was an owner of land. Merchants,
others without landed property had no
political rights in many communities.'
/ practice no nan of wealth was
barred =, explained Jefferson, "since
it was an easy matter for him to ac-
quire sufficient land to entitle him to
a vote. The farmers constituted the
poor class. They were in the vast ma
the owners Of the great slave planta-
tions, the wealthy land Spectators, the
bankers, merchants, brokers and ship
pers-the incipient property-owning
class of the nation. They were in the
minority, but they looked down on the
small farmers, whom they d~isdainfully
classed as 'the people, The latter
the fighting. They had escaped from
a monarchy only to fall into the clutch
es Of the money lenders, and in at
tempting to find relief they, took meas
ures which were all-powerful in shap-
ing the constitution which now gov
ems you.
"What did they do9' asked Brown.
"They enraged the wealthy minor,
ity by voting for issues Of paper
money!" said Jefferson. "The mer.
chants and bankers refused to accept
it. You have no conception of the bit.
terness which existed between the poor
majority and the rich minority over
this issue. There were riots and blood.
shed in several states. Under the lead.
ership Of Shay the revolt of the people
of Massachusetts assumed the proper
tions of a revolution. Courthouse
were burned, legal processes resisted
and anarchy prevailed
"The insistence Of the despised ma
jority in voting for paper money! re
marked Samuel Adams, chad all to d.
with the spirit Of the constitution. L
is idle to discuss whether they were
right or wrong. The fact is that tn
call for a constitutional convention dit
not come from the people, and when tn,
delegates were selected care was takel
to see that the adherents of pape,
money had no representation. The alb
solute failure of paper money, and tn
violence which had attended the cam
paign in its behalf, had convinced tn
leading men of the nation that the PEG
pie as a whole were incapable of self
! government. This is an u%ndisputed an,
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1905-05-20

steamshipSss-we have developed ali
these under our form OF government.
"When your constitution was formed
England had not more than five mill
ions of people, smiled Jefferson, "and
without the advantage of your form OF
government and despite its insignificant
forty millions. When your government
was formed the world had not heard of
Japan. Without copying. a line from
your constitution Japan within the span
of one generation has progressed from
barbarism to the forefront Of civiliza-
pre-eminence in art, science and litera,
ture9 Has the rest of the world stood
still while we have produced all of the
artists, scientists and writers9 Surely
you do not assert this, MI: Smith. We
did not invent the steam engine. We
road or its first steamship--,your fool
ish schoolbooks to the contrary not
withstanding.' .
"We have improved on and perfected
these great inventions,' I declared.
lead the world.'
"Your railroads kill and MAIN more
persons in a year than those of all other
n]ahtions in a decade said Jefferson;
. v " wv n SAS ~NoN
steamships which enter your harbors
were designed and constructed abroad.
Those of you who can afford it wear i'm
ported clothes, drink imported wines,
walk on imported rugs, gaze on i'm
ported paintings, wear imported lew
elry, ride in imported automobiles, while
the daughters Of your rich import their
husbands. Why do you do these things
if you have attained to such perfec-
tion9'
"Smith's patriotism is not disturbed
over little deficiencies like those you
have mentioned,' grinned Brown. "He
firmly believes that were it not for ou1
peculiar form of government we long
since should have relapsed into saw.
agery:., He would rather talk about the
constitution
I was too angry to reply to Browns
sarcasm. I have no patience with any
one who intimates that our institutions
are much short of perfection but did not
wish to offend my distinguished guest
by accusing him Of a lack of patriotism
""The greatest achievement of YOU
constitution is that it has perpetuatec
you as one nation,' observed Washing
ton. "These are no longer UNITED
States; under the constitution you have
become a "United State.'"
"Not under the constitution, but de-
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1905-05-20

said. "My father willed them to me
with other books, and I have not had
time to read Them
II cannot understand the reason for
the dense Ignorance OF the American
people on the subject Of their constitu-
ton, when books like this are ~extant,''
said Jefferson, opening the first volume.
Here is the record of the convention
which formed our constitution. 1t was
kept by..Madison, who was a member,
and after his death was published by
the authorization and at the expense Of
the national government. It is n Of
the most thrilling narratives in the
world, its veracity is unquestioned, and
yet it is so unknown that historians
compile alleged records without consult
ing it. In place Of the stern facts you
teach your children falsehoods. To read
your books one would think demacrocy
reached its highest development in the
c%onclave which gave birth to the consti-
because successive generations have not
followed their teachings. The contra
your books one would think democracy
was one with which they were not in
sympathy, and it has developed not be-
cause Of the inspiration Of the consti-
tuition, but in defiance Of it. You of
today are democrats, self-taught; they
were aristocrats by instinct and envir-
onment." X
Jefferson brought the book down on
the table with considerable emphasis
l recall the scene at that moment with
much %vividness. Already I had ceased
to marvel at the wonder Of their pres.
sence. T did not understand it; I did
not care to comprehend it.
"Many Of the men in that conven.
ton were aristocrats," said Washing.
ton, "but you misunderstood Mr.. JEFF
ferson if you imagine he is attempting
to impugn their devotion to what they
deemed the best interests of the coun
try, as it then existed. He was Of
the aristocracy, and we lived in a day
when the lines which separated tn.
classes were widely drawn
Elbow about the declaration of in
dependence9" I exclaimed. "Did i
not assert that all men are created fire..
and equal9O
"You will not find any reaffrmatio1
Of that theory in your constitution
said Samuel Adams. "We did no
construe the declaration as you pre-
tend to. When Mr.. Jefferson pennet
it he owned a large number Of slaves
GIVE did not consider slaves as me,
in those days. smiled Jefferson, "bu
classed them as property and treate,
!! them as such in the constitution. Tha
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1905-05-20

An attempt was made last year by
Lame de Pougy and several other Parisian
beauties to revive the fashion of ciaret
baths which prevailed In Nine. de POM
padour's day. but they had to give it up
on account Of the scarcity Of claret. Now,
however, the big perfumery m~anufactur-
ers have ~nnounce for the new year sew
eral toilet preparations for the bath which
are sold in charmingly carved cedar kegs
and are composed mainly Of red wine.
The Minneapolis journal. [volume] (Minneapolis, Minn.) 1888-1939, 1905-05-20
sYNopso1s OF PRECEDING ARTICLE.

three disappear before his eyes after promising
and explain that they have revisited the scenes
OF their former activities for the, purpose of re-
cetving Information and imparting certain mes
sages. 1t Is arranged that they shall meet on
specified evenings in Smiths room. The follow
ing is a continuation Of the first conference, hav-
Ing declared that the people are powerless to
govern at the present time.
" WAS incensed at Jefferson's at
tack on our national institutions
H n my cherished opinions, and l
determined to defend them.
"You surely will not deny that
we have made wonderful material prog.
ress under our form of government
I challenged him.
"When did this abnormal love for
tlattery ,arise9' responded Jefferson.
the first question asked of a visitor to
this country is his opinion of it, and
unless he INDUCES in fulsome praise he
may expect a cold reception. You have
worked yourself into a mood where you
look on the candid critic as an enemy,
and # n Of your citizens dares exers
else that, privilege you suspect him Of
tr~eason.'
"What do you think of our country,
Mr.. :Tefferson9' was the impudent
question asked by Brown, but Jefferson
did not resent it in the least.
HHYour progress is disappointing con.
sidering your u~nrivaled advantages"
was the unhesitating reply. I at
tempted to say something, but was too
astounded to frame a sentence.
"You have been favored more than
any nation in history, and you ask
credit for it, Jefferson continued.
"There was bequeathed to you an area
Of fertile land of an extent beyond the
scope Of human conceptions; a tract con-
tanning stupendous natural resources,
UNSURPASSED %navigable highways,
crowned with the advantage Of absolute
immunity from molestation by other ma
tions. These are things to be thank
full for-not to boast Of. You point to
that which nature gave you, and cry to
all the world: .Behold vs. You crave
tattery like little chlidren' ana like
eve have a right to be %,proud!' I
declared with some warmth. "When
the constitution was adopted we were
a struggling nation numbering less than
four millions. We had no arts, sciences,
Los Angeles herald., 1905-09-24

spreading while the process of firing
is taking place.
Mineral Paints Used
Were the worker in oils or water
colors to attempt to decorate pottery
so it would successfully pass the firing
test his efforts would meet with fiat
failure. The different colors must be
mixed from mineral paints and knowl-
edge must be had of the change in
color which the application of heat
will induce. The preparation of the
preliminary blend is kept secret and
enormous sums have been spent in
experimenting on causes and results.
To the success of this research is due
the fine ware produced today The ap-
plication of the mineral paints is done
by the hand. and many well known
artists are engaged in the work. New
tones are constantly being produced.
and already the ware is famous for
the nature tints-rich golden browns,
green's and chromatic combinations.
The decoration having been completed,
next comes the crucial test-the initial
firing. On this depends everything, all
is at stake. A wrong combination of
the crude clays, an error in the per-
centage of a certain mineral paint
any carelessness in the earlier treat
ment of the ware will surely result in
running the product.
"Kilning' the ware is one of the most
interesting and difficult phases of pot
terry making. For the benefit of the
uninitiated let it be said that kilning,
or firing, is the application of intense
heat which will give rigidity and
permanency to the ware and render
the applied decorative effects nom
erasable.
Los Angeles herald., 1905-09-24

esting animals, two of them are known
by the Teutonic names of Fritz and
Lens. Strange to say Fritz and Lens
are pronounced enemies, and fight so
desperately when placed in the same
cage that they have to be kept separat-
ed most of the time The male animal
is the taller, and can feed conveniently
through second story window. A
popularity of this animal is that it
makes audible sounds.
As to the Giraffe
All books on natural history that
treat of the giraffe declare that the
camelopard is mute, and that has al
ways been the belief among geological
men in this country, and they say that
Fritz is the only giraffe that has ever
been known to make an audible sound.
1t is very peculiar thing and the keep
er has taken advantage of it to "show
off" the animal to curious visitors. The
keeper pats Fritz on the neck, tempt
ingly holds up a little bunch of leaves
and says, Just as he would speak to
clever dog:
Speak Fritz, speak"
Fritz gazes longingly at the succulent
Los Angeles herald., 1905-09-24

the fact that he is "the tallest creature
that walks the EARTH" but elephants
never seem to know that they are big.
The biggest elephant in the Barnum &
Bailey herd is old Queen. This ele-
phant is the colossus of her kind, but
she seems to have no comprehension
of the fact. She is like an overgrown
school girl, whose legs have stretched
out in advance of the rest of her body
and whose great difficulty is to keep
from stumbling over herself. When
the small elephants have their bad
days and want to fight with the other
elephants and with themselves, Queen
gently but forcibly acts as peace
maker and separates the young bellig-
erents before they can do one another
any serious injury. She is also used
to move the big dens and cages into
place, and although when the show
lot is muddy and the big wagons stick
iri the mire. it is enough to give her
q colossal headache, she never COM
plains. She leaves complaining to the
small fry among the elephant herd.
Old Queen
There is something, too, about old
Queen that attracts all the new and
strange young elephants to her. Last
fall the Barnum & Bailey agent in
Singapore sent over a herd of little
war elephants. These elephants give
a remarkable exhibition of intelligence
il, the big show. One of their number,
however, has never been able to per-
form, owing to an illness contracted
or the voyage, or, as some of the keep
ers think, the result of inconsistencies.
This little elephant is known around
the show as Chedah. When Chedah
was corralled with the other elephants
at the winter quarters in Bridgeport,
Conn, she gave every evidence of ILL
ness and the other little elephants.
which are unlike monkeys in this re-
spect, seemed to delight in tormenting
her. This went on for several days.
Finally, one day Queen, who had
been chained at the far end of the
elephant house, was fastened close to
the little bulls" The next time they
began to worry Chedah their fun was
of short duration. Queen swung her
great trunk right and left, adminis-
tering punishment wherever she could
reach. That settled the assaults on
Chedah. From that time on she was
allowed to live in peace, while Queen,
who had so forcibly defended her,
constituted herself the lonely little ele-
plants adopted mother. 1t was role
she could play to perfection, too, for
she Is big enough to command respect
among the entire herd and at the
same time she has a heart that is big
enough to take in all the motherless
little elephants in creation.
The menagerie will prove one OF the
strongest attractions of the Barnum &
Bailey circus when it exhibits in Los
Angeles tomorrow and Tuesday.
Los Angeles herald., 1905-09-24
DOG COLLARS
ARE THE SEASONS FAD

narrow bars of brilliants clasping the
strings of beads at equal intervals. A
pale pink bead collar had a golden orna-
ment clasping the beads in front and
at the back. Most of the crystal bead
collars are fastened with brilliants or
golden ornaments. A most brilliant red
collar of red crystal beads had clasps of
rubies. The coral collars and those
made of torquoise and amber beads are
in most cases plain, without any clasps.
except the necessary one at the back,
which is plain and small. The lavender
and purple crystal beads are fastened
with amethysts and the yellow beads
with yellow jewels. The blue crystal
beads have sapphire ornaments.
When ornaments are to be used at
intervals on the collars anyone making
one for herself would do well to string
the beads, as the clasps will hold them
up, and the strings are prettier than
the woven beads. But where ornaments
or clasps are not to be used except at
the back, then it is better to have a
woven collar as it will stand up per-
fectly, while great many strings would
sag without the support of clasps.
These collars may be easily made at
home by any woman used to doing
bead work. The clasps can be bought
at any jewelry store.
Los Angeles herald., 1905-09-24

thorough commixture of the desired
elements is accomplished. Next the
solution, now of cream-like consist
ency, is transferred by means of pipes
to the screening machine, it's meshes of
wire averaging one hundred and fifty
to the square inch. Sited through
this, as nearly purified as is possible,
the substance technically called slip"
flows in a wide and shallow cistern
placed beneath the floor of the screen.
Thence by suction it is transferred to
contrivance called the Compressor" to
expel the water still in the solution.
The compressor is of iron frames, be-
tween which are suspended long, sack
shaped arrangements of canvas. These
once filled with the slip are steadily
forced together by a steel screw shaft,
and the nearly dry sheets of clay are
then taken out by hand and laid away
in large piles to ripen and dry. The
last step in the preliminary preparation
of the clay is to run it through
"pugger'', machine. This is really
dllu uOuply SuLC liiO
complete commixture of the component
clays.
The clay, or "slip," is now ready for
fashioning into the articles desired.
To perform this work two methods
are extant-that of the potters wheel.
the original way, and the modern use
of plaster of paris moulds, or casts,
made from dies. The potter's wheel is
simply a circular shaped piece of wood
placed atop an upright shaft, the mo-
tive power being gained through a
foot treadle attached beneath. A lump
of moist clay is placed on the wheel and
with deft hands, meantime rotating the
disk, the artist fashions his vase or jar,
adding raised decorations as fancy
dictates.
OF course, when the piece, be what it
may-vase, bowl or cup-is thrown"
by hand on a potters wheel exact re-
duplication of every curve and line is
impossible. To obviate this difficulty
when desiring to perpetuate pleasing
design the potter has recourse to the
making of die, from which he will
Los Angeles herald., 1905-09-24

make plaster cast and duplicate the
model infinite times. These casts or
moulds generally are of two sections,
fastened by hoops or slaves of iron.
In jardinieres and umbrella stands.
cuspidors and the like moist clay is
inserted by an expert craftsman In the
mould, which has been placed on a
standard rotated by foot or steam
power.
The clay is pressed firmly into place
by wooden forcer against the sides
and bottom of the cast and then the
whole Is set away to dry prior to the
first firing In the case of articles
where insertion of the hand or wooden
instrument is impossible-for instance,
a narrow necked vase or candlestick-
the use of the mould is different. The
clay, with the consistency of thick
cream, is poured into the cast until
the entire interior Is filled. The work.
man, wise by long experience, knows
just when to invert the cast and pour
from the center, leaving only enough
clay to cover the bottoms and sides.
Next it is placed in the drying room to
further set" This process is quick
ened by the use of coils of steam
heated pipes placed beneath slatlike
platforms on which the raw ware is
arranged.
When sufficiently dried the impress
sions are removed from the casts and
taken to the cleaning department,
where the seams and blemishes are
pared off. Afterward the pieces re-
quiring handles are fitted with them,
these having previously been fashion
ed In separate moulds. Now the ware
is placed in rooms artificially damp
ened by means of water flowing con-
stantly down the walls. Here the
ware is left until the offender" Is
ready for it. Most classes of the higher
grades of pottery are decorated by
hand-sprays or single blossoms of
flowers, monks, Indian heads, anything
in the realm of art. But before this
is done the ware must be treated to
blending or body which will assist in
retaining the colors and prevent their
Los Angeles herald., 1905-09-24
CURE FOR LAZINESS
Law In Holland Provides Pump and
Cistern

Law In Holland Provides Pump and
Cistern
The man who is too lazy to work
keeps out of Holland If he is wise, or
makes his escape as soon as he discov-
ers that there, at least, a means has
been found to make him work.
When prisoner or pauper refuses to
work he is lowered into a cistern which
is provided with pump at the bottom.
A stream of water is turned on and
the idler is left to his own devices. The
capacity of the pump is but slightly
In excess of the stream flowing into the
tank, and to keep his head above water
he must keep pumping.
AS rule he spends some little time
before he finds that the water is slowly
creeping upon him. He is not urged to
go to work, but presently he takes his
place at the handle and begins the task.
BY working quickly he is able to clear
out the water after short time,, but he
has to keep at work if he wishes to
keep his feet dry.
Los Angeles herald., 1905-09-24

cleaned out a cavity in one Of her big
teeth as we'll as he could and sprayed
little antiseptic solution into 1t and
plugged up the hole with fistful of
amalgam, she never whimpered and
kept her mouth wide open without the
slightest urging. The next day she
was all right, and she hasn't had pain
or ache since so far as have been
able to discover"
Prince, the Giant
While Babe Is the biggest animal
among the amphibians, Prince, the old
lion, Is one of the giants of his race.
Prince has quite history. He is a real
African, is one of the very few lions In
this country actually born in the
jungle, and instead Of being secured
while cub was captured when almost
full grown after a desperate battle with
native hunters. There is something of
the lordly freedom of the wild beast at
liberty in Princes walk and manner,
while his great size and the beauty of
his head and name make him particu-
larly interesting to students and artists
During the time the Barnum & Bailey
show was exhibiting at Olympia in
London famous painters from all over
Great Britain made sketches Of old
Prince, and one artist was especially