The sun. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1833-1916, 1905-05-14
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS.

yer Ecu was the characlerAuc com OF IIaH'e ''N'
| the Middle Ares even into the nineteenth century
/ Al or.t thr coins were Of gold, known respectively
| A the reu Ia eOuronns and the ecu an toeH' Inc
mai silver coinage OF the ecus, which In later time
| ronopollzed the name, WAS made IN INC reign OF
| Henri III. In 1880, being ~ nrst osunEulshee ~
ouArers and clghths OF the ecu OF gold Ipoh 'heso
| srst snyer teus appeared the legend which re-
/ NAMED unchanged throughout the roya perou'
81 aomsn dOrinl bsnfdiofum lbleseed DC 'no heIno
OF the Lord; II IL " note, however ina' an -
empiAr Of Louis XVI under preseh' IhSp'' ,.on
| earrles the legend so a6msH I bs7'ddum l5
| tblessed be the name OF the Lord jesus. In the
eighteenth century the following were Struck lIOl'
ecus OF the arms OF France, value francs ~ -
ecus OF eight LIS. same value; lIlo' ecus OF tno
three crowns value o francs CO., iIio' ecub OF the
arms, Same value: I7iS. tcus OF Navarro Nalue =
france a.. i72O ecus OF the arms; i12 ecus OF inc
ues value francs %. i72e, 6cus ohyrea WIN lhe
arms value francs ~. 1871, ecus or lhe oohAutu'
| ton aAme value. These tcus OF the CONSTITUTION
permitted Louis XVI. TO occupy the ooveIso' on the
! reverse appeared the genius OF France ShgtaNlht
the word Constitution on a table OF stone on one
aide the fAscos topped with Phryghn cap ana on the
other rooster, the legend Rsgns deIa Loi on ln
edge Of the coin, where before had been the p'ous
/ nravrr DoNfne, Sdirum fac Tfpfm uoTd' save
~. kn,, vera the yyords la Nation, IA Lot, IL Rot
| i7ps ecus OF the Ttpublque, same value snow
I vhat IN the brief interim had happened 70 poor
Citizen Capet and Madame VETO. As ms ueou vs.
struck from bis shoulders, 90 was suuch lroIn ts
/ coinage OF FThuCet tue EtNluh VI 4 iea'NN
over 70 the diverse 90 noundsr shifts ia eye Ano
on the reverse Is the value In wreath with egena
Rtpubliqus Francaiss Ian ~. with the nm inseHp
ton Of Lfbfrft -EOdlhs. But as the honest ecu Wa
| replaced BY the worthless assignat reay maWeteu
! uttle what was on II. These were the last ecus'
| but the name was long applied 10 The new piece
| OF francs The 6ous Of rvres continued 70 elreu-
| late until the end OF 1884, when they were many
| dcmonctiEsd N accordance with the act OF June
| IT, 1870. - coin was 90 long and 30 Vploay
/ a. nrFN
| by no means passed and IA yet retained IN common
! speech az a synonym for three francs. in Frenoh
| Canada II Is the common name Of the half dollar
have read that John Paul Jones claimed thst
he received the hrst salute paid TO the American
| nag, Il that merely claim, or u u Jusuu.u ~
historyi BON HoAhR KlcHAhD'
| little OF both and some OF neither for much
depends upon the exact Interpretation Of the state
| msnt II inc claim wen made that Jones received
| the first salute paid by a foreign man -of-wT 70
| the STAN and Stripes that would be quite In accord
| With the facts In the case This event TOOK place
Deo "a, III. when JOnes In the Ranger was on
| Ouiberon Bay. The American commander ad-
! dressed Admiral Is Note Pduet 20 learn II salute
would be returned by the French flagship. The
reply was that the French regulations permitted
| the return Of . salute from q republican vessel
less four guns. that being the custom In saluting
an Admiral Of the Low Countries To this Jones
assented and sent In each Of his ships. The French
| nag was By each ssiuted With thirteen guns, not
a national but Rear Admiral's salute, and 70 each
salute lie Note Piquet returned nine guns. IT,
| however one does not contend for the technioahty
OF Its being the present nag that was then saiuted
the claim OF Jones falls. for the 1rst salute by
| foreign Power was given all Of a year before the
| event In ouIberon Bay. In December, i77e. the
| national fourteen gun BRIG Andrea Dora, Capt.
Isaiah Robinson commanding put into 81. Eusta-
| titus IN the Dutch weat Indies. and his nag 1.-THE
thirteen stripes with the British Unonl saluted
| By the Governor. The latter was soon removed
for his indiscrotion but the fact remains that the
4 nut saluts In recognition by any Power OF the
new republic OF the United Stairs was taken by
Capt. Robinson in the Andrea Dora
what is the origin OF trademarks, now 30 uni.
yerssy used BY merchants rogEh9SI ne S Ti a
The germ Of the idea Il q most re mote antiquity,
resting IN the use Of personal dstin gushing marks
! arising In equal parts from convenience and H.
| nteracy. Thus, We have the whole science OF
| herAldry. In a midway position lie the pheon or
| kings broad arrow. But II Il only within modern
| times that . trademark has received legal sane
| ton. Lord HArdwick In i7l2 decided that q trade
mark could not be protected against use by others
Il not untn 1908 that fraudulent use of trade
mark could be stopped By English law. The nrSt
United States statute on trademarks was the act
Of July g. 1910. Several Law te1tS have been written
| on the subject and . large mass OF decisions has
| grown up about IT,
Ny websttr's International uspD and Century
| us5o,. Of course do not give me sradium- May
ask yOH % print In IEs sgM d a5 Of tns
| reference books a. those nAmedt have lengthy
tsrss clipping 70 place between leaves at "radi-,
| D. II. BENNETT.
The Webster Imperial defines the word AZ length
IN its proper dictionary place. but the definition Is
rather long. The following wiz probably be pre-
ferred. Il IL taken from the GddendA 70 the Stan.
| dArd Dictionary;
| FadIun. n Chsn. 4 VEN aro. highly rsdioao-
tive substance discovered by Pierre curie. French
physlean and his wife, In Paris, France, In 1893.
Il Is considered an elementary metal, the chief
source Of which Is urAninits or ptohhlende. lts
atomic mass lie the highest Of any known sub
stance; VIZ 25s Il. radius, ray.l
in 1880 as "the third OF the historic Black Fridays
Nay ask what the two other Black Fridays vsret
Friday, Dec. q. i7ts. the neWu that the YounF
Pretenders army had reached Derby threw Lon
don into panic. All shops were closed, all business
| suspended and there was run on the Bank OF Eng
land George II. sent many OF his vAluables aboard
shp and kept boat 81 the Tower stain 70 facilitate
| his peuonal escape from danger. On the follow
ing day neWs came that the invasion had started
70 retire. and the panic was snAyed. The second
Black Friday was Nay II 1895 In the London financial
, market and was caused by the suspension OF over
end Quincy %. New Yorks Black Friday was
sept. "a, 1880, the gold corner.
|
| work on Governors Island, Castle William or WIZ
| namsl PAooANoK.
Castle williams and for the same reason that the
equally peaceful settlement little further up the
river Is williamsburg. each being named for the
| sAme man, Jonathan Williams, soldier Of scientific
| training. As he was the builder Of most Of the
inner fortlhoAtlons OF New York harbor the castle
was named after him. When the War Of 1872 broke
out he claimed the command Of Castle Williams
when the Secretary Of war refused 70 designate
him for this picturesque not particularly effective
post Col. Williams resigned from the army and
vent 70 Philadelphia.
IL the Old nag Of ireland blue or greenf I refer
! 70 their regular national emblem, but Of oOurbe,
strictly speaking realize the Irish people have no
nag. One OF the big dictionaries givos IL a. blue,
but the popular idea that y is green seems 70 DO
90 strong 10 this country that am prompted 70
AK you 70 decide. r. O. r.
The green Gag Of ireland IL Evolutionary, and
| even az that II Il aui'. modern. The old color Of
Ireland was distinctvs'v Niue - that OF England
vas the nd This appears In tho scarf Of the Order
Of st. Patrick, a blue OF quite a different shade
from the Garter blue. The Irish blue also appear
in the Union OF the British Gag.
| Ifan American man and wife leave New York for
London and live IN London for two years and never
| declare themselves citizens Of England, and =
male child 10 bonn there IA that child eligible 20 be
| President OF the United Statesi T. MCMAHON.