The Mitchell capital. (Mitchell, Dakota [S.D.]) 1879-1918, 1905-02-03

e fvrm e' seNc'omsns. q se atatiou.
1 s.ssil1HcAt
s%ea,nnins OF the Alarro.
IN 3Foi the popular agitation became 81,
Widespread th4t tn, soNernntenr hogan t
stow sts q 5 ot alarm. THE N,al t.saH ia
-osptetoesN FOR the government First
the holy synod SAW M 10 -NeoumluttAt
No1nt Fcistoi. This tct WIS followed b,
4 riots IN ST PttegSbNrs. IN which the COS
sacks 'htrsed the crowds and atiacko,
toe people Nth he knoat. seven hunafe,
students Mere arrested ia 81. PETERSBURG
and $50 ia Moscow. odessa and hharkotT
The stldent riots continued through TN,
greater part OF 1901, and eventually Ia,
ear. Nicholas IL. appointed Genera
NannotsAN, a liberal. as minister OF N.
struetion. with PERMISSION to grant Goa.
cessions to the students and TO rco,et
the universities.
The Year l@2 brought a ]; loader de.
nhand for representative b nment. 10,
ton the workiiGnlen begA. aTsa4.32.
and to join in the demands (, ON ~
the people.
a revolutionary demonstra, In the
NeVsky prospect. in st. Peter-ror- March
Is, was made by the stuients ni.u .he
~worknen, In order Ito make the govern
NAA.. NAlT WIN klA4N - ny
people AS Il resl.lt OF this demonstra-
ton ninety-nve students were oxiled to
SIBERIA and 500 or more sent 10 the prisons
at A~rchargel. though later in the year
many of these were set at lioerty.
VI. Slpia2uine, minister Of the interior,
was assassinated April 10. 1902, by a stu
aent at kieff, who afterwards was hanged.
s~lplaeuine was succeeded by Won Plehwe,
the leader Of the reactionaiy party.
Workmen Arc Accused
In May, 1902. the workingmen of the
cities of southern Russia went out ON u
strike. and the situation became 50
threatening that martial law was pro-
claimed in five districts. The workingmen
struck because they We're refused the right
10 form trade unions.
In September, 1902. began the move
ment which resulted In November. 1901,
In the assembling of the national con-
gress of the zefnstvos in st. Petersburg.
lhe Impending collapse of many large in
dnstrial undertakings was reported. A
commission set to work to draw up Il long
list of social. lnancia and even constitu-
tional reforms which it considered to be
necessary. The chief complaint of the
commission was of the bureaucratic sys-
tenn of local government. and of the crush
ing burdens of indirect taxation.
All this was declared to he revolutions
airy by the reactionary advisers of the
car, and in December. 1902, IL was re-
ported that NJ. Won Plehwc Was taking
steps to prevent the Revolutionary dis
cussion OF affairs. some of the NOR" prom
inent members of the commission being
sent to prison.
The year 1903 brought the reactionary
party TO the flood of lis tide, 1t opened
with the downfall of NJ. Nitte-when the
control and inspection of factories was
transferred to the hands of NJ. Won Plehwe, |
the chief agent of the reactiouary parry.
Gar Promises Reforms.
But the demands of the people were
making themselves heard. On March II
the car. inspired apparently by a memoir
aadum on the condition of the country, |
frankly exposing the intolerable bureauc-
raCy. epionage. and corruption existing.
drawn up for him, at his command by NJ.
Demtchinsky. "a scientific Journalist, is
sued a manifesto in which he said:
wv have decided to satisfy without de-
lay the needs for which the state has be-
come ripe, and have deemed it egpedient
to strengthen the undertaking observance
of the principles of tolerance laid down
by the fundamental laws of the empire.
which, recognizing the orthodox church
as the ruling one, grant to all our sub
jects of other religions, and to all foreign
confessions, freedom of creed and of wor-
ship according to their own rites. In ac-
with the impending iahors for
the consolidation of the national econ
omy, the efforts of the state credit insti-
buttons, and especially the Mobiles and
Peasants banks, should be directed to
strengthening and developing the wei
fare and the Fundamental pillars of Rus
sian village life, and OF the local nobility
and peasantry.''
The revision of laws affecting the rural
population was promised, with the aid of
persons enjoying the confidence of the
people" and with all consideration for
tho c,1ocia1 1Ngf1c OF ,e.r 70 NIX 1nnaliti.s r~I,a /
principle of property in common was to
be held inviolable, but facilities for the
peasant to leave his community were
promised. Other measures We're indicated
for releasing the peasants from liability
to forced labor, and for reforming the pro
v.ncial and district administration.
A commission which NJ. de Plehwe as
president me at once to carry out the
proposed reforms. and an imperial ukase
(25th) abolished the system by which the
peasant communities We're collectively
held responsible for the taxes of their
and gave the zenstvos priority
over the state in the collection of taxes.
1t was agreed later on that the control
of all local administrative institutions in
n province should be vested in a council
presided over by the governor of the prov
ince, aud this made 1T pretty evident that
the promised reforms would simply be
in the direction of strengthening
and centralizing the control of the bu-
reaucacy. The petit.onary rights of the
were afterwards seriously cur
People Becoming BoIder.
The closing months Of 1903 brought IN
sreasing Aoldness to the people OF Russia
n their demands for reforms. Labor
1%roubles, combined with strikes, political
demonstrations and revolutionary out
oreaks, reached proportions amazing. not
My to the government, but to the revo-
themselves. In the last strike
1t Rostov-on-the-Don. which took place
II the government railway chops in No
'elnber, 1903, as many as 10000 people as
'emblcd at open air meetings addressed ,
W revolutionary leaders, shouting Down
With autocracy," and cheering for liberty
n the presence of armed genaarmes. and
# the military and civil authorities of
he city. who did not dare to arrest the 6
eaders or dispense the meetings for over :
week.
Revolt Against Bureaucracy.
In vain Won Piehwe sought to stem the /
Using tide of The peoples democracy. AT
he beginning of 1904 the popular move
nent had become an avalanche, in which
.obles. peasants, workingmen. farmers.