davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1905-12-15
Why New York
HarbOr Is Irnpregnable

cROZIER. o U. A.
Rear Robky D.
HE forts Sandy Hook control the New York
harbor Any ship going up must pass CLOSE UNDER
~ THEIR GUNS Those forts very powerful and they
backed up by the other FORTS also very powerful the
rrow Hamilton and Wadworh The
only strong the offensive but they placed that will be
very difficult inict any CONSIDERABLE damage upon them
There need be question of hostile feet endeavorng
New the Sandy Hook side will any easier
such feet to come from the Long Island sound way
There the first obstacle would meet always provided did
encounter squadron of baehps would be the forts the off
New London If it should by them would still have the guns
Fort Socum David island and it should manage put
them action and still have any fighting strength left itself
would have the combined fire of We Point and
Schuyler. ALL OF WHICH is SIMPLY IMPOSSIBLE
get idea of what strength land Notifications
have AGAINST SHIPS let him think about what happened Port
Arthur do know exactly how strong Port Arthur was but
m sure the defenses of New York stronger.
The Japanese hetaed attack the Russian ships when
they emerged from the of the denses Port Arthur They
afraid fight the Russian feet But when the Russians
under the wing of the fortress THE JAPANESE DREW OFF
and waited for them again 1t not until the land
forces had settled that ships hiding there
we're destroyed.
Yet that time they constituted very potent to the Jap
mese all the of all their military transport service and
was OF the highest importance capture destroy the ships In
spite OF what it them however, they made
effort to INTO THE HARBOR with their ships Whys Sim
Ply because of the guns of the forts.
FOR JUST THE FLEET WILL TRY TO GET
81 SANDY HOOK OR WILLETs POINT.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1905-12-15
one Struggle to
CONTROL
Railway Rates

TN HE contest over the question of
railroad rates overtops in in
terest everything else up for
discussion in the present con-
Gress, and bids fair to be the most eX-
citing of any struggle witnessed in
some time in the national halls of legis-
lation. The battle may be said to have
begun last winter, to have been con-
tinued during the recess of congress in
the newspapers and on the rostrum,
and now to be Joined again where the
contest must be fought out at the ma
tional capital itself. The administra-
ton plan for a body vested with pow
ers to make fair rates won a victory
last winter in the house of representa-
tives, where the bill bearing the names
Of Congressman Esch of Wisconsin
and Congressman Townsend of Michi-
gan passed by large majority, Demo-
Gratis uniting with Republicans in its
support and only few scattering votes
being cast against it. When it went to
the senate it encountered obstacles too
great to be overcome at that time, and
the Fifty-eighth congress went out of
existence without enacting into law
this most important measure. During
the summer the friends of railway rate
reform rallied their forces, and the rail-
roads and the interests allied with them
did the same. During the interval be-
tween the expiration of the Fifty-eighth
congress and the assembling of the
Fifty-ninth the senate committee on
interstate commerce held sessions and
took testimony, the interstate COM
merce commission made investigations
with a view of aiding in the solution
of the problem and the subject was
discussed in the press. on the platform
of Chautauqua assemblies and at other
public gatherings.
AS the Esch-T Townsend measure did
not become law the matter must be
taken up anew from the beginning, and
the assembling Of the Fifty-ninth con-
gress found the friends of railway rate
reform eager to proceed with the en-
actment of the new bill Messrs.
Esch and Townsend are again the
presidents field marshals in the lower
branch of congress.
In the senate the course of railway
rate reform is beset with greater obsta-
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1905-12-15

cles now, as it was in the previous ses-
way element in that body. A bill has
been prepared. with the aid of the in
terstate commerce commission, which
is said to represent the ideas of the
administration as to the kind of a law
which would prove effective. Senator
Foraker, who has all along opposed
the presidents idea of giving rate max
ing powers to the interstate commerce
commission. has prepared bill ex-
pressing his own ideas of conserva-
tive measure on this subject. He is
one of the members of the senate in
terstate commerce committee, which
has charge of bills on the subject of
railway rates. The other members are
Stephen r. Elkins of West Virginia.
Shelby NJ. Cullom of Illinois. Nelson
w. Aldrich Of Rhode Island. John Kean
of New Jersey, Jonathan p Dolliver
Of Iowa, Moses +. 6lapp Of Minnesota.
Joseph II. MiIlard of Nebraska, Benja-
min K. Tillman Of South Carolina. An
selm J. McLaurin of Mississippi. Ed
ward W. Carmack of Tennessee. Muir
ply J. Foster ofI.ouisinna end Francis
q. Newlands of Nevada. Senator El-
lins is chairman. and he made his for
tune largely through railroads and is
counted as in sympathy with their side
of the question. The foremost antago-
mist of railway rate legislation in the
senate, however. is Senator AIdrich of
Rhode Island. who for years has been
the mainstay of corporation influence in
the upper branch of congress. Lincoln
Steffens. the magazine writer. whose
investigations Of the system" have
been carried on in many states has de-
voted much attention to the operations
of Senator AidricI. who. he saws, owns
Rhode Island. The senator is the IA
ther-in-law of John D. Rockefeller, Jr..
he stands close to H. II. Rogers. vice
president of the Standard Oil company.
and is an all powerful factor In the
circles Of high finance Senator Al
drich is sixty-four years old. he has
been in politics for thirty-fve years
and has risen from alderman to sena-
tor. He entered the house OF repre-
sentatves in 1879 and was promoted to
the senate In 1881. He is an expert In
all matters relating TO finance and has
for years been chairman of the senate
finance committee Though past three
score, the senator Is well preserved
and athletic and devotes much time to
golf He has a private course on his
Providence estate. and It has some
times been cInimed that he Is the cham
pion golf player Of congress.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1905-12-15
AGAINST GRAFTERS.
John II. Moran of Boston and His
Election ns District Attorney.

One of the surprises of the Novem-
ber elections was the choice of John
b. Moran as district attorney of Suf-
folk county. Mass, the county in which
the city of Boston is located. His cleo
ton was even more remarkable than
that of William Travers Jerome in
New York. for Moran not only ran as
an Independent, but was opposed by
Michael J. Sughrue, candidate who
had been nominated by both the Re
publicans and the Democrats. Nobody
had any idea that Moran was going to
be elected. The bar was against him,
and the newspapers not only gave him
mo support. but paid only slight atten-
ton to his canvass. Hardly any one
treated it seriously, yet Mr.. Moran de-
feated Mr.. Sughrue by over 1000 votes.
He was counsel for Thomas w. Law
son in the recent gas investigation liz
Boston. and, like Lawson, he adopted
the plan of buying advertising space
in the newspapers for his appeals to
the public. The people read his ads.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1905-12-15
HENRY NJ, WHITNEY.
HIS Advocacy of Reciprocity and
Controversy With President.

HIS Advocacy of Reciprocity and
Controversy With President.
Henry NJ. Whitney of Boston, who
has become involved in controversy
with President Roosevelt in connec-
ton with the question Of reciprocity, is
a brother of the late William c. Whit
ney. secretary Of the navy under Pres
ident Cleveland. lie was the Demo
cratic can,-...:te f9r lieutenant govern
or Of Massachusetts In tie recent cam
plign ANA ran ahead of his ticket. Mr..
Whitney has for years been conspicu-
Gus in h,s advocacy of the policy of
reciprocity. e3pe, ally reciprocity with
Canada. This issue cut quite a figure
in the rece:j c1m.a' 81 in the old Bay
State, and while Curtis Guild. Jr., the
Republican candidate for governor,
who favors conservative revision of
the tariff, was elected by about $4,000
plurality. his running mate on the tick
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1905-12-15

~ HE increasing sensivene of the public conscience upon
the subject of tainted money is, think one of the most
inspiring notes of time There no doubt that
this matter which will have be taken up and dealt
with by church congresses and such ways that that
THE SIMPLE PRINCIPLE which be our guide NAV be un
derood
many who think that you money and
cOn unto good you do by that
ton with the evil matter how great may have the evil in the
methods by which the money originally obtained BY THE
PERSON WHO HAS GIVEN 1T. That certainly comfora
bic and convenient doctrine.
But cannot myself the difference between that way of think
ing and the idea of the Italian bandits who after rbbng traveller
take the money the nearest shrine and consider that by doing
they purified themselves AND THE MONEY from the con-
sequences of their crime
WHAT IS A COURAGEOUS AND DETERMINED At.
nTUDE SUCH AN ATTITUDE THE GREATEST
VALUE TO RELIGION AND THE CHURCHES.
It is consolation to that it in America that the first
has been made We all of rejoice that this greater
yeness has upon Certain that FOREFATHERS
troubled where the money FROM for the old barons who
enriched the church in ancient days all wicked old robbers
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1905-12-15

ct, Ebeu S. Draper, received less than
1000 plurality on the face of the re-
turns. The Democrats decided to con-
test his election and endeavor to have
their candidate, Mr.. Whitney, seated.
About year and a half ago Mr..
Whitney was empowered by a mass
meeting in Fanueil hall to appoint
committee of 100 to lead a fight for
reciprocity with Canada. Thirty thou
sand business men of Massachusetts
signed resolutions in favor of the reci-
procity propaganda. Later Mr.. Whit
ney headed a delegation which appear
ed before President Roosevelt at
Washington. In the recent campaign
he referred to Mr.. Roosevelt's remarks
on this occasion and the president has
said that Mr.. Whitney's statements
misrepresented him.
Mr.. Whitney was born in Conway,
Mass, in 1S41. He was educated in
the public schools of Conway and at
the Williston academy at Easthamp-
ton. He began his business career in
a bank, engaged afterward in the ship
ping business and in 1889 went into
rapid transit operations in Boston. He
introduced electric traction and was
instrumental in the consolidation Of
Boston's traction lines into one sys-
TEN. He is now identified with nu-
merous large corporate interests in
New England Mr.. Whitney is mar
ried and has several children. Thomas
W. Lawson in speaking of the Mas
sachusetts legislature in Everybody's
Magazine said in recent article that
Mr.. Whitney ''had the reputation of
carrying that body in his waistcoat
pocket"
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1905-12-15

and the latter won their votes Mr.. Mo
ran fought his campaign single handed,
paid his own expenses. hired the halls
for his meetings and mortgaged life
insurance policy to get the money for
campaign bills. 1t is said he was en-
joying practice worth $4,000 year,
and as district attorney his salary will
be only $1,000.
The district attorney elect is a native
Of the old Bay State and was born in
Wakefield in 1859. He is a graduate of
Phillips Exeter academy and of the
Boston University Law school, is un-
married, belongs to numerous clubs
and has reputation as boxer.
There is a story that when Moran
started the practice of law he slept in
a blanket on the floor of his Office until
he could afford lounge and lived on
bread and water until he got his first
retainer of SIS.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1905-12-15

was born in Giles county, Tenn. in
1874. and in 1860 entered Cumberland
university at Lebanon. Tenn. but grad
utcd from Amherst college. as the
Tennessee institution was closed for
time during the civil war. He studied
law, but decided to devote himself to
the teaching Of international law. con
stitutional history and political science.
and has held professorships at Knox
college in Illinois and at Amherst as
well as at Columbia. He viii receive
leave Of absence from Columbia willis
IN residence aly4oad
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1905-12-15


of regulating the railroads has been an
issue for number of years, and very
live issue at that.
Representative Esch is smooth shay
en- and has a very strong, pleasing
face. He was born of German parent
age in Monroe county. Wis, in 1861,
graduated from the high school of his
native place and also from the state
university. He engaged for three years
in teaching and while showing the
young idea how to shoot began the
study of law, graduated from the law
department of the state university In
1882 and was city treaturer Of Sparta
in 1855. He has been active in the
national guard of the state and has
served as judge advocate general, with
the rank of colonel This is his fourth
term in the house Of representatives.
Ralph Peters, the new president and
general manager of the Long Island
railroad, has new joke which he de-
clares was cabled to him from Paris,
says the New York Times. 1t has to
do with the attempt to assasslnate
King Alfonso of Spain when he was
riding through Paris in carriage with
President Loubet Of France.
"Whom are they afterY' Mr.. Peters
declares the king asked the president.
After you. my dear Alfonso" re-
piled the French chief executive with
out smile.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1905-12-15
The Moral Awakening
Of the American People

By Governor JOSEPH of
WONDERFUL revolution has been wrought In the con-
sciences of mankind in the last four years We had got to
- point this country where patriotism meant little more
than word. Many men had patriotism ON THEIR LIPS
treason their hearts The moral awakening that Is now sweep
the country simply the patriotism that comes from the hearts
e peopea determination stamp the things Of dhonor In
fOnc lie and the things that oppress in private life
a new standard has been eablished-new, yet od-JOol
that all The remedy for corruption has been found
e hearts Of the people There nothing corrupt man tears
nan an aroused public conscience The prisons may be hed
m gae yet if the people Indifferent grating would go on
ne same On the other hand very few may get where they be-
aus yet IF THE PEOPLE ARE AROUSED grating will be
~rTgu ~ with the force of public sentiment
CRATER rule does know good from bad ALL he
politics - ~ -
WIEN BEING TAUGHT THAT GRATING BAD POLITICS AND
rpr HlS LESSON SHALL BEEN LEARNED THOROUGHLY
m EVOLUTION WILL VICTORIOUS AND GOOD GOVERNMENT
III BE ENTHRoNEp
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1905-12-15
HER LOVER A PRINCE.

Grand Duchess Sophie Charlotte and
Emperor williams Son.
The marriage of the German emper-
or's eldest son, the heir apparent to
the throne. not very long ago was
notable event. The ceremonies in con-
nection with it were imposing and pic
turesque. And now the kaiser's second
son. Prince Eitel Friedrich, is soon to
take wife.
According to all accounts. this for
tunate prince is to have bride Of his
own choice. The romance of his WOO
ing Of the Grand Duchess Sophie Char
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1905-12-15
AN AIR DRILL AT WORK.

An Interesting and Significant Sight
In a Shipyard.
The use of compressed air in connec-
ton with mechanical operations has
served to minimize labor in many
hitherto tedious processes. Shipbuild-
ing is one of the occupations in which
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1905-12-15

When Norway separated from Swe-
den there was talk at once Of giving
some prominent Office in the new gov
ernment to the famous explorer, scien-
tist and patriot, Fridtjof Nansen.
There was even a Nansen presidential
boom, to use an American phrase, when
it was supposed that the government
TO be formed might be a republic rather
than a monarchy. He was also men
toned for the post Of minister Of Nor
way to the United States. However.
he has been chosen as minister to Great
Britain. 1t seems that, In connection
with the agitation for the independence
OF Norway. DIR. Nansen went to Eng
land and carried on a campaign OF en-
lightenment there for the benefit Of the
British public. The sentiment thus ere
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1905-12-15

She was born in
Boston in 1867 and
at nineteen married
an Englishman,
Reginald Walpole
Craigie, from whom
she afterward OBJ
tanned a divorce.
She som e tim e 8
laughingly calls
herself a citizen Of
the world, for she
began her travels at
the age of three.
when she was taken
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1905-12-15

this subject which
passed the house
of representatives
last winter. He
was not particular
ly well known un-
til the railway rate
problem came to
the front, but his
knowledge of that
subject constituted
his opportunity. He
halls from a state
where the question
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1905-12-15

He made n special
ty Of insurance and
commerciallaw, and
the late Edward II.
Harper, when pres
ident of the Mutual
Reserve. made him
head of the legal de-
partment of that
concern. On the
death of Mr.. Har-
per he succeele1
him in Office. In the
.., - A.. ......
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1905-12-15

Speyer gave $50. 900
for the endowment
Of the chair. and at
his suggestion It
was named In hon
or Of President
Roosevelt. The Ger
man government
will do its part in
the scheme by es-
tab.ishing a chair
nt Columbia to be
filed by a German
scholar.
Professor Burgess
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1905-12-15

ated proved Of ad-
vantage to the Nor
wegian cause when
the separation from
Sweden came.
Although known
10 the world at
large chiefly as an
explorer. Nansen's
activity in his own
land in behalf Of
the interests Of his
countrymen has
been such as to en-
dear him to them In
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1905-12-15

"I UIIu7U1II UEETEt7
and the courage he once displayed In
penetrating the ice fields OF the arctic
he evinced again in leading the way
along the adventurous pathway Of Nor
weglan Independence.
Some years ago when Nanaen was ID
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1905-12-15

America he told Il story of one of his
countrywomen who iourneyed to the
United States in search of employment.
She was taken into Il household as
cook. but failed to give satisfaction.
Nearly everything she undertook ended
in failure. and finally the lady Of the
house asked desperately:
"IIilsa. is there anything you can
do?'
"Yees." responded Hilga with a grin.
"Ay can milk reindeer"
Frederick A. Burnham, president OF
The Mutual Reserve Life Insurance
company. who has figured In the In
vestigation Of insurance matters which
the Armstrong legislative committee is
making, has occupied his present post
since 1895. He was born in Rhode Is
land in 1851 and educated at institu-
tions in Chester ana Middletown,
Conn, and at the Albany Law school.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1905-12-15

the compressed air method OF apply
ing force has worked wonders. In the
old days most of the work in building
a ship. whether for merchant use or for
warfare, was done by hand. Hatchets
and AIDES were in constant employ
ment where now steam and compress
ed air do the trick, with minimum of
expenditure of human strength.
1t is interesting to watch a work
man take compressed air drill and
make hole in thick steel plate that
would withstand the attack of a heavy
she'll An air compressor produces air
under pressure from one pound to
the square inch up to 1900 pounds or
more The usual working pressure
ranges from so to 100 pounds per
SQUARE inch. Saws. rIyeters and other
tools are also operated by compressed
air
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1905-12-15

40 u AhtlibIl
of the house interstate commerce COM
mittee he submitted a proposed law on
this subject, and it was combined with
that of Representative Esch to make
the Esch-Townsend bill, which passed
the house last winter. He is one of
the props of the administration in the
house this session. Mr.. Townsend is
a native of Michigan and was born in
Jackson county in 1886. He studied at
Michigan university and began the
practice of law in Jackson in 1895.
When Mr.. Townsend was making his
first canvass for election to congress
he visited Il household where the voter
was not in sight, but where buxom
woman and six children were very
much in evidence. 1t has been said
that the man Is the head of the family,
but that the woman is the neck and
can turn the head at will. So the con-
gressional aspirant started in to have
the woman turn the support his way.
Every child was tossed into the air
and kissed. The best looking ones re-
sembled the mother, and the others
were very sturdy.
The last one to receive the political
hazing had red top and face free
kled like a turkey egg He squared
away on his bare feet after being re-
leased and piped:
Say, mister, why don't you kiss
mother too? Fred Wood and Bob
Bragg did when they was here. Guess
they don't know yet that she's wild
der"
roho Ioook Iasot +bo xxytsoonsin non
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1905-12-15

The arrival in this country Of John
Oliver Hobbies for lecture tour has
caused some persons of neglected edu-
cation to make remarks based upon
the supposition that the author belongs
to the sterner sex, but In private life
John" is Mrs. Pearl Mary Teresa
Cralgie, and she Is woman who pos
sesses a most attractive personality as
well as exceptional literary talents.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1905-12-15

Professor John w. Burgess. who has
been appointed first incumbent OF the
Theodore Roosevelt professorshlp at
Berlin university. has been dean Of the
faculty Of political science at Columbia
university, New York. since the crea-
ton Of the office in 1890. The chair he
will fill represents sort of-internation-
al comfy in the field Of learning, and
was established at the instance OF the
German emperor, who talked the mat
ter over with President Nicholas MUIR
ray Butler Of Columbia when the lat
ter visited him last summer. James
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1905-12-15

ican tour through Europe by her par.
ents, and she has Travelled extensively
ever since. She studied in Rome and
Paris and also in London, where she
attended Greek and Latin lectures at
University college. She is an accom-
plished musician and received much of
her training at the Royal Academy Of
Music.
1t is said that Mrs. Craigie took the
name John Oliver Hobbies as literary
signature because she thought no pub
Usher would take her Some Emotions
and Moral' If they knew 1t was writ
ten by girl of twenty-five.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1905-12-15

ance inquiry ii was brought out that
Mr.. Harpers will contained clause
which practically made il incumbent
upon the company TO select Mr.. Burn
ham as his successor. An investigation
OF the affairs Of the Mutual Reserve
was made last year by the Canadian
parliament. James ID. Wells, formerly
second vice president of the society,
testified in the course Of this inquiry
that a former superintendent of insur-
ance Of New York state had offered for
100000 to let the Mutual Reserve
write its own report of an investiga-
tlon his department had made of the
society. He further said that Mr..
Burnham told him he had paid $4,000
to secure the manuscript copy of the
same state superintendent report.
Mr.. Burnham has denied that he ever
made such a statement.
The citizen. (Frederick City, Md.) 1895-1923, 1905-12-15

John Kendrick Bangs. who for some
years has been in New York, is to be-
come countryman again. II have
blue penciled city life," he said recent
ly. MY eye is on a farm in New
England, where I hope before long to
be able to provide an appreeiatiye pub
lie with limited editions OF squab-chIck-
ems, large paper turkeys and deckle
edged eggs. And" he added slyly, mo
item In either class will go out without
my signature"