davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Jersey City news. (Jersey City [N.J.]) 1889-1906, 1905-07-27
NOT AS BLACK
AS PAINTED
Probation Officer Richard
Stevens Talks of His Tour
of Hoboken Music Halls
+. NOT LURES FOR YOUNG GIRLS
Entertainment Neither Elsva-
ting Nor Especially Vicious
-Wkiskey Is Dear and
Bad.
/, NOT LURES FOR YOUNG GIRLS

Probation Officer Richard Stevens, OF
Hoboken, has made tour of the music
halls of his town and his conclusions are
interesting. In consequence of his OBJ
sesyations he refused to appear last night
before the Common Council to protest
against the rel;censing of some of these
places.
There is no more open vice in Hobo
ken music halls Mr.. Stevens said.
than there is in the best places in Eu-
rope where men take their wives and
daughters do not recommend that per-
sons take their wives and daughters to
lIohoken music halls, but ! do say there
is no open viciousness.s
Mr.. Stevens was appointed proba-
tion officer during the reform movement
duty to look after children accused of
crime and after investigation report to
the courts.
He made the personal tour of the mu-
sic halls because of the complaint of
mothers that young girls had visited them
and. associating with dissolute persons.
had been accused of crime.
aIr. Stevens was seen last night at his
country place in Bernardsville by re-
pei. .el
rsemember. now, / am not Jeror..
or a Parkhurst' said he. Il suppose
IS, ale some good reformers, bur / do
not believe in poking my nose or intrud-
ing in matters which do not concern me
have no desire to reform the world.
The law has made me probation
officer, and it is my intention to go to
the limit to find out the condition of af-
fairs in the territory l have to oversee.
do not believe public officer should
play iddle-de-dee with his fingers. He
ought TO get a move on.
Il have gone some in automobiles and
on horses and there is no reason why l
should not go just as fast in the line of
my duties.
Il have visited the music halls of Ho-
boken, and l suppose some of my friends
in sotiety viii not look upon that visit
with very liberal eyes.
i want to say right here that l be-
aieye in a wide-open town, but not in
pool-room, gambling or in recreations
that tempt the young.
.'On my tour of inspection visited the
Ideal and Enterprise Music Halls in
Hudson street; the Casino. the Gansberg
and the Weeks. I was accompanied by
my assistant, James A. Bnfler.
We went among the women but
found no young and innocent girls.
did / drink with them? Certainly,
was there in the hope of doing good to
some Of my charges, and, anyway, l am
no saint. We went up in the balconies
and chatted with the women when they
The Jersey City news. (Jersey City [N.J.]) 1889-1906, 1905-07-27
MESSENGER BUMsTEb's TRIP

Messenger John Bumsted. Of the May
or's office, who is enjoying his vacation
at the Pine Terrace, South Branch, N. =.
is having a fine time according to an
illustrated postal received by Mayors
Clerk Fred. Lenlpke this morning Mr.
Bumsted's main recreation Is walking
He thinks nothing Of ten mile tramp
through the woods. He win return home
Saturday.
The Jersey City news. (Jersey City [N.J.]) 1889-1906, 1905-07-27
STERN LEAGUE STANDING.

RESULTS YEsTERDAY'sg GAMES.
Montreal, 10; Jersey City, Z first game,.
Buffalo, q; Newark, Qst game.
Newark. 6; Buffalo, cd gameN.
Baltimore. g.; Rochester. l.
Providence, 4; Toronto. j.
GAMES SCHEDULED FOR TO-DAY.
Toronto at Jersey City.
Rochester at Newark.
Montreal at Providence.
Buffalo at Baltimore
The Jersey City news. (Jersey City [N.J.]) 1889-1906, 1905-07-27

The reference to one man power is
meant for Robert Davis. the Democratic
leader. Judging from the tenor of the
address Mr.. Davis has no right to ex-
press a preference for candidate. Of
what use is political leader if he does
not look after the interest of his party ?
If there are several aspirants for nom
ination why should not the party leader
have the same privilege of having a
choice as other men? Mr.. Davis thinks
that Egbert Seymour is safe man for
the party to nominate for Sheriff He
has the same right to express his opin-
ion as have the followers of John j..
FEeavey. It is for the rank and file Of
the party TO decide whether in their
opinion. Mr.. Davis is right or wrong
The Jersey City news. (Jersey City [N.J.]) 1889-1906, 1905-07-27
AFTER TOBACCO sMUoeLERs

Secret Service men are at work en-.
deavoring to hunt down two gangs of
tobacco smugglers. one gang OF which
is said to have their headquarters il
Bayonne and the other somewhere in
this city, The smuggled tobacco il
brought in On tramp ships.
The Jersey City news. (Jersey City [N.J.]) 1889-1906, 1905-07-27

Whoever prepared the address must
have been taking lessons from Mayor
Pagan. 1t is in line with his methods,
as its purpose is to deceive the people.
The Heaveyites, according to the adj
dress, would have the people believe
that the primaries are to be packed
against them. They know better than
this. Under the present primary laws
every candidate S bound to get a square
deal. The regularly chosen election Of
fcers are in charge of the primaries and
there is no more chance Of favoring one
candidate than another than there is on
the day of the election.
The Jersey City news. (Jersey City [N.J.]) 1889-1906, 1905-07-27
MONTREAL.
Totals. ..... 10 II s26
sBean out, hit by batted ball.

Jersey city ~. O01 321o o.
Montreal ..... 3 o 8 01s0 O Q 80
First base on errors Montreal. 2.
Left on bases Montreal 5; Jersey City,
s. First base on ballsOff Clerkson. 4;
off Mccarthy, 4. Struck out-By Clark
son. 8: by McCarthvs 3 Three-hase hit
-Bannon. Two-base hits-Bannon,
Meaney, F. Hartman. Raub. Sacrifice
hit-F. Hartman. Stolen hases-C Clem-
ent, Bean ca. Keister {2l Cassidy. Pat
tee ca. McCauley, #. Hartman. Joyce
ca. Raub (2). r. Hartman. Double
plays--Clarkson. Cassidy and McCaulav
r. Hartman, Weidensaul and Ferry. Hit
hv pitcller-By CIarkson. J. Umpires--
Messrs. Moran and Egan Time of gans.
- hours and 45 minutes
The Jersey City news. (Jersey City [N.J.]) 1889-1906, 1905-07-27
CORPORATIONS IN
CONTROL
School Commissioner SOM
mer Of Newark Tells Who
Rules the G. 0. P.
PRUDENTIAL AND FIDELITY.
Sensational Speech Delivered
at a Colby Meeting In
Roseville.
PRUDENTIAL AND FIDELITY
tsnao,., i a,be Jersey CITY News. y


NEWARK, July u. 1905.-scbool
Commissioners Frank H. Sommer sprans
| a sensation at the close Of the little gath
ering Of the supporters of Assenbiy1nah
Everett Colby's candidacy for the Repub-
lican nomination as State Senator at the
Lincoln Club rooms in Roseyille, py
naming the Prudential Insurance Com
pany. 4the Fidelity Trust Company and
the Public Service Corporation and the
men directing those corporations as hg-
rring in the corporate control OF the Re
publican party organization in Essex.
There has been lot Of general dis
CUSTOM said Mr. Sommer, as to corr
porate control Of the party. | believe
/, that the time has come. to be speclnc.
| The corporations to which general as1el'
ence has been made are the Pruden-ial
| Insurance Company, the Fidelity Trust
Company and the Public Service Corpor-
ation.''
Mr. Sommer asserted that the deela-
ration Of PRINCIPLES recently adopted by
the county committee had been submitted
to the president of the Prudential Insul-
anee Company and to the president Of
| the Public Service CORPORATION previ-
ouslv
AftAr rafarr;no 70 the situation in Phil
aaal,b;a whara the citv is fighting the
T-n;taa a. r,anrovan,ent romnanyss
~ r,;.a,,,a saanda1. i
!.
cs.,.,-
~,
- - - 4-,o
- anu : nilau p''sa az uo''s'
= A'ssDs'
go i-'ss 1' -
- ae ines n''0 80 80 4 ss'.sA
.1o'i '"s ~ es'o' s''p = '''s - ~ y
~ REASONS "" Ano~n = 'ne ps0pse'
Ihelr names VIII pc Iound IN the is-t
= 'ne uirec'ofs oi 'ne : iuei''s hfusl
company OF TINS ei'y- | nave not heafd
'na' u sense oi shame mas perlneateu
'hal eoihpany' ana ieo 70 a request Ior-
| the resignation of these two gentlemen
The Jersey City news. (Jersey City [N.J.]) 1889-1906, 1905-07-27

1t is unfair to charge that Mr.. Davis
is trying to foist Mr.. Seymour on the
party. If the Democratic voters feel
that Mr.. Heavey is more available
candidate than Bayonne's former Mayor
they win make the fact known at the pri-
maries. In that event, Mr.. Davis will
bow to the will of the majority and give
Mr.. Heavey his earnest support. He has
no other alternative On the other hand,
should Mr.. seymour's candidacy be rati-
fed at the primaries Mr.. Heayey and
his followers will be bound to give him
their support.
The Jersey City news. (Jersey City [N.J.]) 1889-1906, 1905-07-27
NfONTREAIl.


Jersey City go. o o o 2 0 4. o O 80
Montreal ..... o 0 o 0 o o 4 O OIL
First base on errors Jersey City. 2.
off Meaney. 3. Struck olt--By Meaney,
3; by LindermAn. 5. Three-base hit
The Jersey City news. (Jersey City [N.J.]) 1889-1906, 1905-07-27

yandergrift. q Two-base hits---Cassidy,
Weidensaul. Bannon, Raub Stolen
bases-C Clement (2l. Haliigan, Pattee,
Bannon. Double play--Glenlent and
Bean. Umpires- Messrs. Egan and Mo-
ran. Time Of game--1 hour and 80 min
utes. Attendance, 800.
The Sailors and the Bisons also broke
even in a double header at Newark yes-
terday. The Sailors saved themselves
from. a double defeat by rally in the
eighth inning of the second game, when
they scored FIVE runs.
The scores by innings
The Jersey City news. (Jersey City [N.J.]) 1889-1906, 1905-07-27

The strong cat wen, sleep well. look well.
the weak strong.
The Jersey City news. (Jersey City [N.J.]) 1889-1906, 1905-07-27

John Speicher, who was recently ac-
quilted of a serious crime by direction
of Judge Blair, though the jury that tried
him believed him guilty, insists that he
is still Superintendent of the Fire Alarm
System. In a communication to the
Board Of Fire Commissioners lie declares
that he never resigned bis position and
that the letter purporting TO be his res
ignation was not authorized by him and
was handed to the Board without his
knowledge or consent. After Speicher's
resignation had been received and accept
ed his brother, Mahlon, the Superintend-
ent Of the telegraph system, was appoint
ed in his place. The Fire Commissioners
will ignore Speicher's latest letter. They
are convinced that the letter of resigna-
tion was genuine. Judge Biairs action
in directing the jury to acquit Speicher
occasioned quite stir at the time. The
police who had worked up the case were
dnnfounded.
The Jersey City news. (Jersey City [N.J.]) 1889-1906, 1905-07-27

Baltimore won from Rochester yester-
day in an easy manner. They hammered
out five runs in the opening inning and
Pitcher Schultz became SO abusive the
umpire fired him out of the game.
The score by innings
Baltimore ...... 5 0O00 OIL ID O--6
Rochester ..... 0 . 0 o 0 o OIL
Batteries-McNeal Byers and FIearna;
Schultze, Walters and Payne.
Toronto was unable TO hit Poole yes
terday and Providence won out BY a
score Of 4 to /.
The score by innings
Providence ..... 2 o o O o O 2 D x--4
Toronto ........ O o o O D OIL
Batteries-Poole and Jacklitsch; Crys-
tall, Falkenberg and Toft.
EASTERN LEAGUE ANDTNCs. +
The Jersey City news. (Jersey City [N.J.]) 1889-1906, 1905-07-27

After busy day on the outing OF the
Young MEMS Democratic Club of the
the Hudson City section, Archibald NJ.
Henry attended at night the picnic Of the
Sixth Ward Democratic Club at Jhe
Greenyille Schuetzen Park. Afterward
he went to Newark, where he Joined the
trolley outing of the Luker association
Of the Fourth Ward. Last night Mr..
Henry was the guest of the Trolleymen's
Association at its annual picnic. Mayor
Pagan also attended this event The
rival candidates. were cordially received
and it would be hard to decide which of
the two carried off the honors at the
handshaking game,
Ii Is officially announced that Mayor
Pagan will review the parade Of the
Dickinson Association on the day of its
outing. No such announcement was nee
essary There was never any doubt Of
the Mayors intention TO stand on the
grand stand opposite the City Hall and
doff his hat as the Colonel and his fol-
lowers passed BY You don't catch the
Mayor losing any political tricks: and
there is nothing he enjoys 50 much as
doing the grand stand act. Ii ia his
long suit.
The Jersey City news. (Jersey City [N.J.]) 1889-1906, 1905-07-27
WEATHER INDICATIONS.

NEW YORK, July 81, 19o5-Fore-
cast for the thirty-six hours ending
T. NJ. Friday:-Fair to-day and to-nior-
row fresh west winds.
The National tribune. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1877-1917, 1905-10-05
Reunion Of the 18th N. J..

Editor National Tribune: The 9th An,
nual Reunion of the 18th N; J. was held
There were 1o5 members present It was
one of the most enjoyable events In
which 1.-The boys of this famous old regi-
iment have participated since the war.
Mr. Thomas Potter. n wealthy con-
tractor, residing in Railway. while not a
soldier himself. has an ardent admiration
for the men who wore the blue in the
memorable conflict. 1t has been his de-
sire for long time to show his appre-
command by a substantial act of patriot
ism and friendliness. SO he invited the
regiment to come to his hospitable home
and enjoy, its beauty and comforts to
their hearts content.
Some one said 1t was cloudy at the
time. but 1T was all sunshine In that
dreds of Railways gentle 70 TX were there
to help Mr.. Potter entertain the veter-
A fine band played all the day long,
and a dinner-perhaps 1 should have said
banquet-perfect in detail, was partaken
of by the delighted a ss,n ,sa Do
union in Elizabeth. The following Off
GERS were elected to serve for the ensuin g
Cen John c. Patterson Secretary: Rus
sell c. johnson, Treasurer; George d.
Sorter, Chaplain.
A year ago a movement was started to
place a monument on the battlefield at
Monocacy. Md, to the memory of those
members of the First Brigade. Third Di-
tie. The movement included appropria-
tions from the Legislatures of the States
of New Jersey, Pennsylvania, New York,
Vermont and Maryland. 3it AS some Of the
States failed to respond. the project was
unsuccessful. It was resolved at this
Reunion to renew the attempt at the
coming session of the New Jersey Legfs-
lature, and it is hoped that success VIII
be attained.
An appropriate and spirited address
was made by the Rev. t. c. Mayham, or
Railway, veteran of the 4th N. Y. H. A.
William w. Branson, formerly of the
LIST N. ]. Cav made a. fine address. In
the course of his remarks. he said that he
was in all the battles Of the regiment,
and never had sick day nor a wound
during his four years of service.
Gen. John G.. Patterson made timely
little speech. which was well received by
the aSSemblage. -st
Chaplain Sorter, very unique char
acter, made a decided hit" by relating
his experiences as a bachelor especially
while in the army, for 1T was his good
fortune to meet with many very attrac...
tive ladies in the hospitals. The boys
told quite a number OF stories about
Georges career, but he held his own In
the wordy contest
Mr. and Mrs. Potter were made honor
airy members of the Association by a rfs-
ing vote, and the pretty incident was
sealed with three hearty cheers.-Vet-
The National tribune. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1877-1917, 1905-10-05

Over so members Of the Harris Light
Cavalry cd N. Y. Cav attended the 18th
Annual Reunion at Troy, N. Y, Sept.
-. The address OF welcome was de-
livered by Judge l.. f. Griffith. The fol-
lowing officers were elected: President,
6. Montross. Peekskili: ' frea aa' En u
gene B; TRAVIS. Peekskill; Vice Presi-
ton. D. c.; S. Nelson Gardner, Troy; John
T.. Firth. T.. Williston; A. Norman, Pas
sale, n. j.; F. A. M. Ball, Syracuse; Lem
uel Haines, Peekskill; Daniel w. Hickey,
Newburg; E. l. Johnson, Crown Point,
ecutive Committee. J. w: Campbell, Glen
Mack enzie. Troy, and James A. Earring
ton, South NorwaIk. Conn. A banquet
was served in the evening. AS SOU
venir Of the Reunion President A. w.
Loudon, Of Troy, in the evening pre-
sented to each member and guest a
group photograph of Capt. Robert Lou
don. Of Co. l., Harris Light Cav, and his
four sons, Thomas Loudon, of the Girls
void Cav, of Troy; A. w. Loudon, Of the
Harris Light Cav; James A. Loudon, and
A. NJ. Loudon, of the Griswold Cav, en-
titled. "A Group Of Veterans Of the Civil
The National tribune. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1877-1917, 1905-10-05
Fullcr'A BRIGADE.

Fuller's famous Brigade. which enjoys
the distinction of having engaged in
many of the important battles of the
civil war without once meeting with de-
feat, met in Annual Reunion in the Coun-
Gil Chamber, Columbus, o.. Sept. 6, with
"a grizzled old veterans in attendance.
Governor Myron L. Herrick delivered
three hearty cheers at the conclusion Of
Mr.. Ed. G. Fuller, Superintendent of
the Columbus Branch OF the United
States Cast Iron Pipe Company, son Of
the late Gen. j. w. Fuller. the old COM
mander of the brigade, was also pres
ent and invited all those I'm attendance
dered by him in their honor at the Hart
man Hotel Wednesday evening. The in
vitation was accepted with thanks and
Mr.. Fuller was made an honorary men,
Der.
c. H. Smith, of Cleveland. formerly a
member Of the 9th Ohio, was elected
President for life at former meeting
Of the Association.
The following officers were elected:
First Vice President, II. c. Evans, 9th
Ohio. Columbus: Second Vice President,
w. II. II. Minturn, seth Ohio, New Lex
ington, o.; Third Vice President, III. M.
Aldridge AID Ohio, Elmore. o.; Fourth
Vice President, Charles Barnes, 63d Ohio;
Secretary-Treasure J. G. RalstOn, Steu-
benville. AID Ohio, and Assistant Secre-
tary, John McCloy. Columbus. ADD Ohio.
ler's Brigade, with the battle SCARED
borne at the head Of the column by the
Color Bearers, marched to the north
front of the State House. where they
were photographed in q group.
The National tribune. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1877-1917, 1905-10-05
A REMARKABfE CASE.
Difference of 81 Ycnrk itt the Age. of
Two Brothers.

Editor National Tribune: William
Constant Wheeler. of South Woodbury.
has the distinction OF being the young
est living son in the World of a soldier
of the American Revolution. while he is
veteran OF the civil war in his own
right. having enlisted May 81, 1863. in
Co. of the 18th VT.
Comfort Wheeler, the father of Con
stant," as he is commonly called, was
born in Rehoboth, Mass. March 13
1865, and first enlisted under Capt. Duel
at Shongum. N. Y. in April 1880. Dis
charged in December, 1880, he re-en-
listed under Capt. Keith for three
months at Killingly, Conn. in May
1881. Re-enlisted under Capt. Corbin
for one year, Dee. 10, 1881. and was
detailed as orderly to Gen. Greene.
Comfort first married in 1888, when
he was II years old, and his oldest son,
James, was born Nov 26, 1884
He married his third wife in Wood
bury. VT, when he was about so years
of age, and she bore him two children,
a daughter, who died young. and a son.
Constant, who was born Dec. 4. 1S47.
making him So years younger than his
oldest brother, James.
Constant, while not as robust and
strong as his father, is said by the older
inhabitants to closely resemble him in
features, figure and voice.
When the writer last saw Constant, in
July. 1899, he was then about SO years
old. and was living on farm adjoining
one on which his niece. Mrs. Eliza
Batchelder, lived, she being at that time
IS years old.
Mr.. Benjamin Wheeler. a gentleman
widely known in this section, a great
great-grandson of Comfort, and conse-
quently a great-great-nephew of Con-
slant. is only "a years younger than his
own great-great-uncle.--D H
Kelton. Captain. U. S. Army, Retired
Montpelier, VT.
The National tribune. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1877-1917, 1905-10-05
MUSTERED OUT.

.WIIsoN-In California Hospital, June
Il, 1905, Jerry Wilson, 10Th U. s. CoIored
% WILLIAMs-At Pasadena, Cal, Dec
liams was member of the California
Battalion attached to the I'd Mass. Cav.
Post, GAR, Department. of California
RoSE.-At Pasadena, Cal, Jan. IS
l9o5, Phineas S. Rose. Surgeon, 179th
oRRIcE:-At Pasadena, Cal, July 49,
1905. Benjamin A. Rice. Co. c. 9Th Kan
John John F, Godfrey Post, GAR, Depart
ma1ab ss George santa W e nHPiea cs
Ind: Cav: comrade Pillbeam was a
member Of John Godfrey Post, GAR,
DEPARTMENT .r Of California.
1904, James III. Hunter, 7th Iowa Cav.
,EVERE IT." Los Angeles. Cal,
AqsaEt ls0 cn sants Mene "a e Cal u
%, 1905, Robert Barry. Comrade Barry
served in the Chicago Board of Trade
ane is suryned by ob Midow Sent
Is. 1905, Christian shaffer. CO. d, 18th
Ohio, aged 6s years. Comrade shaffer
x w P1anke end s five shatsa
Mass, Aug. is, 1905, ]. s. Sears 10th
Mass NJ i, Gomrade Sears was a member of
partment of Massachusetts.
TOWNE.-At Creston, Iowa, July
e. 1903 1905. Lueian G. Towne. Co. B. 1st
Der Of Union Post. All. GAR, Depart
BURNETT.-At Soldiers Home, Grand
nett. CO. A; 2sth Mich. Comrade Burnett
is survived by widow.
,o BEL 1I,I Lnzerne, Mich, Aug. %,
Il months and "a days: comrade Bel
den served In the Goth Ohio, and is sur
COOTRS Rochester Wis Aup
%, 1905. Gilman NJ. COMBS Co. F. ed
Wis, aged y years. Comrade Coombs
: CoNRAD.SAt Marshfield. Wis, Sept.
5. 1905. Paul Conrad, aged II years.
Comrade Conrad served in Co. H, 18th
Wis, and is survived by widow and
RooP.MAt Hicksville, Ohio July II,
1905, Amos Roop. comrade Roop served
IN GO. +, TIN Iowa Cav, and is survived
GRANT.~At Jefferson, Texas, Sept 1s,
1905, John Grant; aged 70 years: Com
GoLTERMANN.mAt Thiensvi1le. wis;
aug a. 1879 tbre william aged
Comrade Goltermann served as Second
Lieutenant, CO. r. 9Th Wis. and is sur
York City, n. Y, may 90, 1905, Daniel
MeGill: Comrade MeGill enlisted in June,
He served for three months in the It'll,
N. Y. in 1861. and again enlisted in the
.. 8: Engineers in June, 1862, and was
Gill Is survived by a widow and one
daughter.
KIRK.-At st. James, Ohio, Sept. 16,
served in Co K, saith Ohio, and Co. G,
10th Ohio Cav. and is survived by a
widow and two children.
HESSE.-At st. Marys. Kan, Sept H.
1905, William Hesse, aged II years, seven
months and 26 days. Comrade Hesse
served in Co. d. Sd Iowa Cav, and was
Past Commander of Fort Donelson Post
81, and is survived by widow.
JOURDAN.-At Purdy, Mo-, May TO-
1905. James Jourdan, aged 62 years, one
month and Is days Comrade Jourdan
served in Co. l, I'D Ind, and is survived
by widow.
The National tribune. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1877-1917, 1905-10-05
Badges Found Mt Denver EncamDmen,

VIM. Haden, r. F. D. No. 4, Conway
Springs, Kan, writes: while at the
Denver Encampment I found two
badges; one was inscribed, j. K. Adams
Co. E, 108th Ill. Vol. Unfit The other
was WR.C. badge; 1889 was in
scribed on it,
Theo. Roeber, Secretary of the West
ern Slope Veterans Association, Paonia.
Colo, has medal that was found near
the State Capitol, Denver. Colo, during
the Encampment. The medal has a
yellow tassel and ribbon and is in
scribed, Go. D, 9Th Illinois Volunteer
Cavalry" Comrade Roeber himself was
a member Of Co. D, 9th Ill. Cav, and
remarks on the coincidence that he
should find a medal belonging to an
other member of the same company.
The owner of the medal may have the
same by writing Comrade Roeber.