davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1905-01-21

given rise to some vaporing about the
grand simplicity" OF the structure.
we take the liberty of suggesting that
prosaic impartiality will pronounce the
architecture mean the interior orna-
mentation tawdrv and ugly, and the
various shrines on a par with those Of
the Holy Sepulchre. In detail we have
once more to face the fables of local
lore, which has many time shifted re-
puted sites. Under the altar of the
grotto chapel, shrouded in a. foglike
darkness, is a recess in the pavement,
surrounded with the different colored
lamps belonging to the Greeks, Latins
and Armenians, and here it is alleged
our Saviour was born-"Hic de Virgine
Maria Jesus Christus natus est"
Opposite, and close by, is the mangaer
cradle of dirty marble clumsily hewn
out, unduly large, and repugnant to
view; in a. subterranean passage is a
round hole whence water is said to
have gushed out for the use of the Holy
Family, with the puerile fiction that
the guiding star which led the Magi
plunged into the spring; elsewhere is
the spot where Joseph stood when he
received the command to flee into
Egypt; in another, side chapel several
of, the innocents were slain--and so on,
and so on. All these places are in the
joint custody Of the Armenian, Greek
and Latin churches, the two latter of
which scold and hate one another with
all the venom of two jealous women.
What is the meaning of yonder board
ed compartments" 1 ask a Roman
Catholic priest. my night Matchbox"
was the reply. you, see those Greek
priests are such blackguards that if +
do not keep sharp lookout, they creep
up and blow out our shrine lamps
The Greek priests bring precisely the
same charge against the Latin Church.
HWhy are you here?" 1 inquired Of
Mahometan sentry, armed with a. rifle
and bayonet. ITO keep the Christians
from killing each other-there is a
great deal of stabbing on at times
Colonel Henry Knollys in Blackwood's
Magazine.
The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1905-01-21

District of New Haven. S., Probate
Court, January Goth, 1905.
ESTATE of LUCY c. WILLIAMS. late
of Woodbridge, in said district, de-
ceased.
stiles g. Williams, of Woodbridge,
having made written application pray
may be granted as by said application
on file III this court more fully ap-
pears, it is
ORDERED, That said application be
heard and determined at a Court of
Probate to be held at New Haven. in
said District, ON the 31st day of Jan
uary, 1905. at two o'clock in the after
noon, and that public notice of the PEN
dency or said application, and of the
time and place Of the hearing thereon,
be given to all parties interested in
said estate, by publishing this order
three times in q newspa per having a
circulation in said District.
LIVINGSTON w. CLEAYELAND,
j21-3t ss8t}4{ Judge.
The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1905-01-21
NEW MILFORD SAVINGS BANK,

ELLEN C. ENNIS. ct al.
New Haven County, Superior Court,
January goth, 1905.
Order of Notice.
Upon the complaint of the New Mil
ford Savings Bank praying for reasons
therein set forth. for d foreclosure of
a. mortgage now pending before the SUI
perior, court for New Haven County, to
be held on the 9Th day Of February,
1906 ~ %at. 80 e
It appearing to, and being found by
the Court that said complaint relates
to certain real estate in which the rep-
resentatives and creditors of Ellen, G.
Dennis, late of New Haven. deceased,
claim, or may. claim, an interest, and
that such persons ought. to be made
parties to said complaint, pursuant to
the statute in such case made and pro-
vided, and that the names and resi-
dences of such persons are unknown to
Therefore, Ordered, that notice of
the tendency of said complaint be Civ
en- by publishing this order in the
Journal and Courier a. newspaper
printed in New Haven, once a week,
for two weeks, successfully, ceasing on
or before February 9Th, 1905. j.
: BY order of the Court,
JOHN S. FOWLER, r. =
Assistant Clerk of the Superior Court
for New Haven County. as% l
Clark, Hall & Peck, 152 orange Street,
New Haven, Conn, Counsel for the
4 Plaintiff. j21 oaw2t
The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1905-01-21
PEACE ON EARTH"

There is, of course, no question of the
identity of Bethlehem itself with
Christ's birthplace, and large church
stands over the alleged locality of the
Nativity. On this point we need not be
skeptical for consecutive records and
evidence dating as far back as the
second century concur with. singular
unanimity,in locaIizing the event. The
solemnity Of the sacred association has
The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1905-01-21
NOTICE.

~ NOTICE. ..-t
New Haven hereby give notice that
New Haven hereby give Motive that
they will meet iii their room, No. 5, City
Hall, on Wednesday, February 1st 1905,
from 0 a. M. till A p. M, and daily there
after until Tuesday, February 18th, in
elusive. Also the evenings of Febru-
airy Sd, 7th and 10th, from z to 8, for
the purpose af hearing appeals that
may come. before them. Saturday af-
ternoonsS and Lincoln's birthday being
legal holidays. no sessions will be held
: ~ JOHN N. LEONARD,
SAINT. H. WILLIAMS,
- JACENTO CASSARIEG0.
ia1-1t
The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1905-01-21
MORTUARY CHAPEL.

Messrs. LEWIS & MaYcocK beg leave to
announce that they Have added to their
undertaking establishment a commodious
rnortuary chapel having a seating capacity
Of one hundred and fifty, and fully equipped
with every convenience for funeral pur-
poses. This chapel is freely rendered to
those who, because of insufficient space at
their residences, or for other reasons are
in need. of a place where funeral services
may be conducted in quiet manner, and,
If desired, perfect secIusion.
The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1905-01-21
NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS. of VOTERS

OHANGE-ENHOLLM OF VOTERS
First Voting District of the Town of
Orange will be in session on Friday, the
third day of February, from IL o'clock
noon until 9 o'clock p. M, for the pur-
pose of the enrolment of voters who
wish to participate at primaries or
caucuses in said town. ~9'
Dated at Orange, january Goth, 1905.
Attest: :s ia
WILLIAM A. FUTILE,
s@#'% EDWIN p. THOMAS,
Registrars of Voters
j21-1t First District,
The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1905-01-21
saants.

One cent q word for each ta..-,t.-
ase cents a word for I fhIi week. sevss
The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1905-01-21
CONNECTICUT SAVINGS Rank.
NOTICE 70 CONTRACTORS.
MATERIALS.

Il
City Engineers Office, No. II, City Hall,
New Haven, Conn, Jan. 20, 1906
SEALED proposals will be received at
this office until 2 p. M, Feb. LIST, 1905.
For furnishing and delivering the Wit
Blue Stone, Cobble stones, Cement, Bel
gian blocks and Georgia pine lumber
required by the Department OF Public
Works during the year 1905.
Blank forms of proposal. and any in
formation concerning plans, specihca-
lions. bonds, Sc. will be furnished upon
No proposal will be received after
the time specified, and all proposals not
filled out will be rejected.
The right to reject any or all bids is
By order Of the Director Of Public
G. wv. KELLY
j21 st City Engineer,
DISTRICT OF NEW HAVEN. IS. Pro-
bate Court, January 18th, 1906
Estate of DENNIS w. TUCKER, late OF
North Haven, in said district, deceas-
An instrument in writing, pllrport-
| ing to be the last will and testament
of said deceased, having ben presented
| I'M court, and Grace a. Tucker of North
Haven, having made. written applica-
tion praying that the same may be
! probated and that letters testamentary
my be granted, as by said application
on file in this court more fully appears,
| it is
Ordered, that said application be-
heard and determined at a Court OF
Probate to be held at New Haven. in
said district, on the 18th day Of Janu-
airy, 1905. at ten O'clock In the fore
noon, and that public notice of the pen
dency of said application, and of the.
time and place of the hearing thereon,
lie given to all parties interested In
said estate, by publishing this order s.
| times i'll a newspaper having a clrcula-s
ton in said district.
LIVINGSTON w. CLEAVELAND,
i20-St Judge.
The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1905-01-21

EMPLOYMENT AGENGY-Take not,ca
mis- 1aa : a. Gladwin has moved from
IvS orange Street to 9O2 Chapel ST.
1 room No. el4, New Malley Building
dn ne pest help, also the best place q
$3.50 a. m. to 6 3. IN. :
The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1905-01-21
MASSAGE.

FOR 900 set patent Stove Brick.
every set warranted one year 0rdor3
received I6S STATE STREET.
Patent Stove Brick are cheapest.
The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1905-01-21
LOST.

- s#&a5 i&S$s5z AVSA'
A GOLD open face watch, initials "A.
J. Co. on back name on inside. Re-
ward if returned to As Elm st.
80 y .HJ 3.353S ~ j9n- Of
The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1905-01-21
WANTED.
WANTED.

girl for general ho,.sa.
D Hork, Must be good cook. IS,
The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1905-01-21

ELLEN G.. ENNIS. ct AL
New Haven County, Superior Court,
y January goth, 1906.
The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1905-01-21

Jones EMPLOYMENT AGENCY
1S e IS 1SSdoRCH STREET, Telephone 1901
70, Conneeticut,s largest agency.
s IioS5illyely headquarters for bes7 helm
male or female. Situations Secured red
sLaE5EMANs RELIABLE EMPLOY.
1ss skasi AGENCY.763 Chapel st, estab-
E. Stated so years. Largest, best ia the
s ssale Best male and female help for
any and all kinds OF work. Sem ssrv.
where. open evenings. Tel. 1929.
The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1905-01-21

FOR z. S. ARMY: Able-bodied. unmsr-
aisa men, between ages is and az.
ctlizens OF United States. of rooi
character, and temperate habits who
AnI,Is,p ~ ~, read and write English.
street, New Haven; SIS State Sfresf
aarttord; 1922 Main Street. Brio res
port; l9s Bank Street, Waterbury'
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1905-05-05

Mrs. Phoebe Kirk was brought home
from Ann Arbor, Wednesday.
F. S. Merrfield moved to his resort,
Lilly Point" on Eagle lake this week.
His opening will occur May 10.
+. A. Haven left here Saturday for
Lansing, where he assumed his duties as
deputy state dairy and food inspector
Monday.
The Kibbie Telephone Co. is dstrib-
uting a carload of poles north and east
of town for the new line to Merson from
this place.
Edward Woodland has a new house in
course of construction at the corner of
Willow and Mill streets. Arnold N Sons
are doing the work.
Thurston Miller, who has been in poor
health the past winter, died last Satur-
day. Funeral services were held Mon
day, and interment was at the Austin
cemetery in Waverly. He leaves a widow,
who formerly lived in Waverly and whose
maiden name was Rose Brown.
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1905-05-05
La WreHc9.

Mrs. WEIGH, who was sick last week,
is able to be around now.
The foundation for Charlie Fiske's
house is about completed.
Mr.. and Mrs. John Rice have moved
onto a farm near Decatur.
Mrs. Ella Moulton has gone to Deca-
tur to visit her son and family.
Eugene Harris continues very sick
with little hope of his recovery.
Mr.. and Mrs. VIM. Taplin spent Sun
day in Hartford with his sister.
frankie Haven was absent from school
the first of the week on account of sick
ness.
The Methodist ladies aid society serv-
ed 10 cent supper at the church par
lors Wednesday.
Mr.. and Mrs. Tom Cooper spent Sun
day in Hartford with their daughter,
Mrs. Will Smith.
Rev. Walker attended the Niles dis.
trict conference at Bangor, Tuesday and
Wednesday of this week.
VIM. Butcher has been making some
improvements on his residence by add
ing a large porch in front.
Mrs. l.. A. Stebbins is visiting her
mother at Marlette. She will visit in
Detroit before she returns.
Mr.. and Mrs Mentor and grand daugh-
ter Lottie spent the first of the week 10
Kalamazoo visiting relatives.
Mr.. and Mrs. O. w. Rowland of Paw
Paw spent two days last week 10 town
with relatives and old friends.
Mr.. Hendricks of Traverse City was
called here the first of the week by the
death of his mother, Mrs. Ann Williams.
Mr.. Partridge is very low at this writ
ing. He and his wife have but recently
moved back to their farm in the Barnes
district.
Dr. Hamilton of Grand Rapids will
occupy the Methodist pulpit Sunday
morning and speak in behalf of the
superanuated ministers.
The air pump for the gas and water
works plant broke Tuesday night, but
no inconvenience was experienced owing
to the auxiliary at the plant. A new
pump was at once telegraphed for and
put in place early Thursday.
Mrs. Ann Williams, whose illness was
mentioned last week, died last Thurs
day forenoon, her death resulting from
a broken hip. She was doubtless the
oldest settler in this part of the country,
having attained the advanced age of 90
years. She was married three times,
her husbands all preceding her in death.
Four sons, Isaac Hendricks of Hamilton,
Hugh Hendricks of Grand Traverse,
Baldwin and Henry Hendricks of this
place, and one daughter, Mrs. Charity
butcher of New Jersey, survive her.
The funeral services were held at the
Congregational church Saturday, Rev.
Mr.. Taylor officiating.
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1905-05-05
Grand Junction.

J. j. Mulhall, Jr., has returned from
Chicago.
Adolph Bruley has been engaged as
janitor at the school house.
Mrs. w. f. Stufllebeam has returned
to her home in South Haven.
Grin Blades has returned from Chica-
go, where he spent the winter.
VIM Pohlman and family have moved
to their new home at Hartford.
F. c. Thomas and daughter Tony of
Chicago are visiting friends here.
Leslie Ayers of Wisconsin came last
week to make this place his home.
Miss Josephine Anderson of Chicago
came Saturday to spend the summer
here.
Capt. and Mrs. w. II. S. Banks, who
have been spending the winter in the
South, returned home last week.
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1905-05-05

The ladies' aid society will meet with
Mrs. Julian Sheldon, Wednesday, May
TO-
Grape tying is nearly finished. Bad
weather has made the work later than
usual.
Mr.. and Mrs r. ID. Summons visited
his sister, Mrs. K Il. Allen, in Glendale,
Saturday.
Mr.. and Mrs. Charles Harris will soon
be keeping house in Lanford Cole S
tenant house.
Misses Ethel and Myrtle Cole will
take the eighth grade examination at
Paw Paw this week.
A Sunday school contest has been
started here. Those who do not attend
must expect to be called on any day for
a promise to Gomez
Charles Mcdowell, an early resident
of this place, was buried in the Wildey
cemetery last Sunday. The funeralsser-
vices were held at the Arlington church.
Six children survive him.
Mr.. and Mrs VIM. Hutchins and
daughter Eva went to Kalamazoo, Sat
urda,, to attend the wedding OF their
son Charles and Miss Florence Thomp-
son of that place. Ed. Hutchins and
wife went later.
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1905-05-05

Miss Fannie Willard was home over
Sunday
Mrs. Frank Everest called on friends
here Monday.
Rural Mail Carrier Towers ofMatta-
wan was here Sunday.
Mr.. and Mrs. Roy Tuttle visited at the
home of Chas. Smith, Sunday.
Mrs Lucy Polmanteer of Kalamazoo
is visiting at the home of her son, .. d..
Polmanteer.
The little grandson of George Brooks,
who came here for his health, died Sun
day evening The body was taken back
to Chicago for burial.
Mrs. Stafford, an old settler of this
place, died suddenly Sunday night of
heart disease. Funeral services were
held at the Nj. f. church Wednesday at
! o'clock. She had lived here for 30
years.
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1905-05-05
Lac0ta.

Mr.. and Mrs. A. II. Gish of South
Haven were in town Saturday.
Mrs. Nina Watkins of South Haven
visited friends here Saturday.
Mrs. c. j. Watson spent Saturday
with her daughter in South Haven.
Mrs. A. Lull visited her daughter, Mrs.
A. l.. Rowe, in South Haven, Saturday.
Dena Barnes, the ll-year- old daughter
of Arson Barnes, was buried last Friday.
F. A. Howard of Everett, Wash, has
been visiting at the home of Henry
Henne.
Miss Alice Sells has returned to South
Haven, after SPEEDING two weeks with
her sister.
Mrs. Henry Neal has been visiting at
the home OF her brother-in. law, Thomas
Neal, in South Haven.
Murl Lull and Mrs. L. G.. Bishop Of
South Haven attended the funeral of
ID ena Barnes last Friday.
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1905-05-05
Letter to MIR. L. E. Shepard,
Paw Paw, Mich.

Dear Sir: You are interested in the
prosperity OF your town. You can con-
tribute to it materially, and give it far
more prosperous look at the same time.
Perhaps the public property needs
good coat OF paint.
Devoe will supply that coat with two
thirds of the number of gallons required
of any other. Devoe will last twice as
long as any other. Devoe is all paint
and full-measure. Devoe is the strong
est paint known. Devoe will take care
of the property, in the long run. for half
the money required by any other.
The reason is stated above: Devoe is
all paint and full-measure: the strongest
paint known.
+ ID Jewel, Cory, Pa, painted his
house years ago with mixed paint;
took II gallons. Last spring he re- paint
ed with Devoe; bought Ii gallons and
had left Saved So to $40, for paint
ing costs two or three times as much as
the paint.
Yours truly
r w DEVOE d Co
% New York and Chicago
PS. c. W. Tyler & Co sell our paint.
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1905-05-05

Alice Kay visited her mother last Sun
day.
DR.. Cornish was called Sunday to see
Mrs. James Nash.
Henry Corey is making some improve
ments on his residence.
Jay Burlington is home from Lawrenc e
this week for short visit.
Supervisor Cornish will finish his as
sessment of Porter this week.
Mr.. and Mrs. Henry Corey visited
Benton Harbor relatives last week.
Mrs Elite Kinney of Schoolcraft has
been spending few days in Porter.
Dave Hall has joined the army of
grapegrowers, and is setting a few acres
this spring
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1905-05-05
Covert.

Mr.. and Mrs. John Watson of Chicago
are visiting here.
Mr.. and Mrs. John Watson will move
to Eau Claire, Mich.
Gladstone Beattie sold his interest in
the barber shop to VIM. Lee.
Frank Conner has returned, after
spending the winter in Florida.
Hiram Norton has started grocery
store in the old drug store building.
Mrs. w. Gunsaul of Glenn is visiting
at the home of Postmaster Gunsaul.
Douglas Pompey has sold one of his
farms. He is building house and barn
on the other
Mrs. M. p Shaw is visiting at the
home of her nephew, w. G. Packard, in
South Haven.
Editor Brant of Coloma is trying to
interest our business men in starting a
newspaper here.
Marvin Frary sold his 80 acre farm for
$4,000. He is negotiating with S. f.
Boardman for his village property.
Mrs. Allen has returned to her home
in Oregon, H., after a few days visit
with her parents, Mr.. and Mrs. Bonner.
Gladstone Beattie of this place and
Mr.. Van Alstine of Iowa bought the
Crown drug store in South Haven, and
took possession Monday.
Mrs. Barbara Lang of this village died
at the home of her son-in law, John
Shine of Chicago, Thursday of last week
The body was brought here Friday and
the funeral was held Saturday.
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1905-05-05

Mrs Ed Johnson and son Car OF Chi
cago are visiting her parents.
Robert Hines and family OF Chicago
are visiting relatives in this vicinity.
Peach trees are in bloom and there is
good chance for plenty of peaches here
this year.
Elmer aud Alvin Tyler of Arlington
called on relatives in this neighborhood
Wednesday.
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1905-05-05
Cleared for Action.

When the body is cleared for action
by DIR. Kings New Life Pills, you can
tell it by the bloom of health on the
cheeks, the brightness of the eyes, the
frmness of the flesh and muscles, the
buoyancy of the mind. Try them. At
Longwell Bros drug store, % cents. N
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1905-05-05
What is Foleys Kidney Cureq

Answer: 1t is made from a prescrlp-
ton OF leading Chicago physician, and
one of the most eminent in the country.
The ingredients are the purest that
money can buy, and are scientifically
combined to get their utmost value.
Martin 81 Slovenian. m
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1905-05-05
A Revelation.

If you will make inquiry it will be
revelation to you how many succumb to
kidney or bladder troubles in one form
or another. If the patient is not beyond
medical aid, Foley's Kidney Cure will
cure. 1t never disappoints. Martin d
Showerman. IN
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1905-05-05

Cleanse your system of all impurities
this month. Now is the time to take
HOLSTERS Rocky Mountain Tea. 1t will
keep you well all summer. 35c, tea or
tablets. Martin K Showerman. m
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1905-05-05

Don't let the children suffer. II they
are fretful, peevish and cross, give them
Hollisters's Rocky Mountain Tea. The
best baby tonic known. Strength and
health follow its use. 30 cents. Martin
Il Slovenian. N
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1905-05-05

Why suffer with spring tiredness, mean,
cross feeling, no strength, no appetizer
HOLSTERS Rocky Mountain Tea will
make you we'll and keep you we'll. 35c,
tea or tablets. Martin n Slovenian. III
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1905-05-05

Terrible plaques, those itching, poster
ing diseases of the skin. Put an end 10
misery. Doan's Ointment cures. At
any drug store.
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1905-05-05

Bad blood and indigestion are deadly
enemies to good health. Burdock Blood
Bitters destroys them.
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1905-05-05
AVERY
Offers Special
AttraCtiOnS......
In Our White Goods Department.

All the popular goods for graduating party dresses
such as organdie Persian lawns India linens soussette
at the lowest possible prices
fine assortment of of shirt suitings cotton voes
mohairs, etc, from lOc to SOC per yard
See special lace curtain bargains width to 60 in
prices 81 to sl56 per pair.
large line of mattings from l9c to 25c per yard.
We still handle famous half.woo carpet the best
carpet of the grade manufactured will wear most ali wool
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1905-05-05
The Crawford Shoes For Men
$3.50 and $500

You want shoe that is peaure
ing Comfort in a shoe is absolutely assured For your
money invested you entitled this comfort and also
service. These ideas embodied in the Crawford shoe
every pair of which represents "A SQUARE DEAL FOR
EVERY MAN"
James Means Shoes for $3.50 and $500 goodyear
welts shoe of style quality finish and fit very
money.
large line of lneoleum at lowest prices.
Curtain shades in sizes carried in We save
you money in this line.
Some beautiful designs in portiers at very low
prices
New line of the celebrated w Corses underwear and
hosiery in all staple and fancy designs.
Special offering in laces and embroideries.
New line of ladies walking skirts Special bargains in
grocery and tin ware departments. Be visit
several departments before making your purchases.