davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Minneapolis journal., 1905-11-19

In almost every state and territory
where the number of centenarians in
the 100000 exceed three, the excess
may be set down as due to the negro
and Indian element in the population.
In these individuals there is certain
element of doubt as to age, perhaps
not single individual being able to
read or write. The absence Of birth
records, however, may be made good by
more or less unWritten records of
neighborhood. Taking the negro Of the
old south who is listed as 100 years old
or more, this Individual was a slave be-
fore the war when the, age of a human
article of commerce was quite neces-
sary as an accompaniment to a bill of
sale-quite as much SO as the ago of a
horse is now. In this manner the age
of the old former slave is more than a
guess. In like manner the traditions Of
the Indian and the, early settlers Of the
far west are dependable. s.1,s:$5 4 4
r. = i. II. s.7....- -:
Compared with the foregoing table,
which may be said to- show the: :longevi-
ty that comes of Sidleness and ease in
the open air, a table showing the deci-
mated numbers Of the centenarians in
the markedly industrial states sug-
gests that in order for the white man
to live longest. he needs to quit the
strenuous life altogether. The follow
ing states have only one centenarian
in each 100000 of population, while
the ratio for the whole Of the, United
States is s.: ia -. ,s'.. .~.@ .-.
The Minneapolis journal., 1905-11-19
Wanted Teachers
PLEADING letter writ,

A PLEADING letter written to
"a the faculty of the University
4 a. of California shows that Ne
vada is facing a crisis which springs
from an entirely unexpected source.
The communication is plea for teach
ers for the public schools and sets forth
that in many Of the mining counties it
has been found necessary to close the
public schools owing to the shortage Of
teachers. In Humboldt county it has
been announced by the authorities that
the usual winter school term will have
to be suspended absolutely. In Elko,
White Pine and Eureka counties and
about Reno, Tonopah and Goldield the
same alarming conditions exist.
The trustees of the respective coun-
ties who join in an appeal for aid to
the University Of California attribute
the condition to the great number of
marriageable men in and about the
newly developed mining camps. Teach
#ers come to Nevada, but no sooner do
they get in touch with their duties than
they resign to become the wives Of we'll,
to-do miners. It is estimated that this
cause has taken a hundred teachers
The Minneapolis journal., 1905-11-19

will show balance Of desirability
strongly in favor of Minneapolis.
"Working is not hardship, it's the
getting there that 8 the nuisance, said
one Of the wholesale warehousemen,
"and fifteen minutes saved in travel
means an hour and half longer in bed
every week''-an argument that car
ries it's own comment.
The average journey to and from
work covers about thirty miles per
week, and Is made with but little dis
comfort. The homes of the working
men in Minneapolis are far better than
in many other cities, notwithstanding
the continual grumbling about high
rents. 5 -..
From these homes, at the week end,
there is remarkable migration to the
country close at hand. Robbinsdale,
for instance, is a real village at the
week end, while at other times it Is lit
tie more than half a street. Thru sum-
mer and autumn, and until the snow
flies, the falls are in favor, and it
would hardly seem like Sunday to the
youngsters if they didn't go out some
where with dad.
So usual is this weekend outing, that
The Minneapolis journal., 1905-11-19

it Is almost a part of the fixed routine,
only that it is free Of the only dis
cordant element-compulsion.
sAs respite from even their too
methodical life, comes the trip to Min
netonka or the lakes, or down the river,
in the summer. In what other state
have the families of working classes the
opportunity of spending weeks in the
lake country, in cosy little cottages, at
any thing from 81 per week ups Surely
Minneapolitans are "citizens of no
mean city,
It is not necessary to draw invidious
comparisons to show that we have
every reason to look with Pharisaical
complacence upon less favored COM
munities. The spirit of western large
ness is in the air, and hundred miles
Of travel is considered a trip, whilst
in older countries it is spoken Of as a
journey. Even in Paris, the greatest
pleasure city in the world, the ad-
vantages of the bourgeoise and artisan
would cut a sorry figure beside the nat
ural enjoyments Of twin city work
man. London, too, is out Of the ques-
tion, for the daily round Of work
man of the world metropolis is so cir
subscribed that it would be difficult
to represent it on map.
How many workmen in Europe would
think for a moment Of sending "the
missus and the kids' to the lakeside
for two monthss In Oldham, England,
one Of the greatest cotton manufac-
turing towns in the world, the opera
tives Of each factory put away volun-
!, tarily every week a portion Of their
. earnings, for an annual outing for
, themselves and their families; it is es-
timated that in the holiday week in
August over 100000 is spent on pleas
ure, at the seaside. Yet, here, the work.
: ingman thinks nothing of a weeks
holiday at the lakes or elsewhere, even
tho he may have to travel a couple Of
hundred miles to get there. .
, Another point that emphasizes the
freedom Of the workman, is the scant
: patronage Of railroad excursions. While
reduced fares by ordinary train are al
, ways in demand, it is next to impos-
sible to organize party large enough
to warrant the railroad companies run
ming a special train, or even a special
car. Your western artisan will not go
with the crowd. He ''hasn't got to, as
he tersely puts it. No crowded rail-
:. road cars for him. He's got the money,
; and will travel how and when and
', where he p]eases. -
a A careful inquiry of railroad officials,
q summer resort authorities and others,
! as to the amount Of travel that can
i really be said to constitute the annual
J. round of a workingman, has brought
a out some very interesting comparisons,
j. which would justify one in saying Of
t the Minneapolitans, at least, "the lines
e are fallen unto them in pleasant places,
e and they have goodly HERITAGE"
Il. B.
The Minneapolis journal., 1905-11-19

! A working bee works himself to
death. There is no disputing this fact
with the competent, well-informed bee
man. He has determined the fact by
several careful demonstrations. Chief
of these is the fact that hive of bees
having stored honey sufficient to its
needs will live twice as long thru a
period of impossibly wet spring weather
than the same bees will live in bright
sunny weather when there is nothing t.
do but work. In these working days
when the sun shines bright and warm
and when the perfume Of flowers is
everywhere, the worker bee comes to
his hive at night with frazzled wings
weary, footsore. perhaps, and generally
Gall in" A week of such work will
kill him; two or three weeks Of quiet
honey-eating existence indoors viii
leave him in q fair state of health with
perhaps a<few days more Of life coming
to. him.
The bee may work too hard, some one
will say. Perhaps he does, but he vii
sting you if you should attempt to in
terfere with his working. It is a gooc
deal against work in general, however
when 1t is shown that New York ha.
The Minneapolis journal., 1905-11-19
Train Warning Device
ucu ;r+oroe+ bo 9 rncontl,

nj aroused i + T. H.
preventing railroad accidents. The ex-
periments were made on specially pre-
pared track several miles in length.
Each locomotive used was supplied with
the apparatus, communication with the
track being made by the axles and
wheels of the locomotive. If there is
an obstruction Of any kind within a
certain distance an alarm is given, both
visibly and audibly, by means of a red
light and by the ringing Of bell. No
matter how many locomotives there
may be on the track, each gives it's
warnings. Engineers, signalmen and
station masters can communicate to-
gether by telephone, a central auxiliary
rail serving as a channel of communi-
cation.
In each locomotive there is a tele.
phone, which is protected against vibra-
tion thru being fastened on springs like
q bicycle lamp. IF for any reason a
The Minneapolis journal., 1905-11-19

q W1TZERLAND is a perfect bee
hive of industry and the Swiss
~ peasants are the most Industrious
people in the world. Switzerland is a
poor country when it comes to natural
to subsist. The country lends itself
poorly to agriculture, and what exists
is confined to the wide pleateau that
runs from Constance to Lake Geneva.
The climate and the nature of the soil
are not adapted for this occupation.
But what the Swiss peasant misses in
farming he makes up in! cattle breeding,
cheese making and allied pursuits.
Taxes are high, except in the French
country, so every year many of the
and Italian speaking portion Of the
peasant proprietors are forced to emf
CRATE to keep their heads above water.
The model canton, the paradise Of the
peasant land owner, is the canton of
Vaud. A good peasant of this canton,
with twenty or thirty acres of forest
and marsh, is one of the most fortunate
of men. He works hard, but his work
is pleasant, and, tho the return of
grapes be precarious, they seldom fail
altogether.
:. !. - =
The bit Of forest gives him frewood
and lumber for mending his carts, house
and barn; the marsh furnishes him with
bedding for his cattle. One day and
another he manages to lay something
aside for the dowry Of his daughter and
provisions for his sons On the sunny
slopes of Lake Geneva from Chillon tt
The Minneapolis journal., 1905-11-19

of II years is 2s0 pounds; in his Goth
year this increases to 800 pounds; and
in the Both and 31st years it reaches
its height, 800 pounds. At the end Of
the 3lst year the strength begins to de-
cline; very slowly at first. By the 10th
year it has decreased pounds, and this
diminution continues at slightly in
creasing rate until the 50th year is
reached, when the figure is $50 pounds.
After this period the strength fails
more rapidly until the weakness Of old
age is reached. It is not possible to
give statistics of the decline Of strength
after the 50th year, as it varies to a
large extent in different individuals
London Tit-Bits. p. .s
The Minneapolis journal., 1905-11-19
Phonogrdph- Telephone
PHILADELPHIA inventor

Il: PHILADELPHIA inventor IS
~ working on a phonograph at
= tachment to telephone which
will record both sides Of the converse
tion in such way that it can be re
produced at any time afterward. The
device to receive this record is not a
disc or cylinder, as IN the ordinary
phonograph, but soft wire, which is
automatically unwound during the conl
versation in such manner as to receive
the sounds. When put in a phonograph
it repeats the conversation. tt is also
the inventor, u design that a speech or
statement may be dictated to the re-
ceiving wire and from that transmitted
over the telephone: That's an inven-
tion that will make trouble said a
man to. whom the idea was explained
recently. 1.Think Of a jealous and sus-
picious wife getting all the converse
tion her husband may indulge in. over
the telephone! Theold rule, Say what
The Minneapolis journal., 1905-11-19
Women Drun,n1ers

are numbers of them in
Philadelphia, said we'll
known travelling man, speak
ing of women drummers, "and they
are most successful-more success
full than the men. One of the
most successful drummers I know is
an old lady who lives here. She is
a grandmother, and thru reverses Of
fortune was obliged to take to the road,
carrying on her husband g whisky busi-
ness.
She's old and comparatively feeble,
but she can sell more goods than
any man. I understand that today she
has bought fine house, and sends a
grandson and granddaughter thru coll
lege by her work. There are lots Of
women on the road who make a business
of selling liquor, and, tho it does not
seem to be strictly feminine field,
they succeed in the work. Phila-
delphia Record.
The Minneapolis journal., 1905-11-19
Physicians in Zurich

- HE Zurich city fathers, after hav,
ing successfully devoted atten.
tion to hygiene, pure water and
unadulterated food, have now tackled
what has been facetiously called "the
final menace to public health-the doc
tors'' Henceforth, says Municipal
News, to physician and surgeon Zurich
will be closed borough. Forty mem
bers only Of the profession have beer
approved by the municipality, salariec
at the rate Of $1,000 each per annum
and told to attend to patients gratis
The necessary annual fund is to b,
The Minneapolis journal., 1905-11-19
When We Are Strongest

~ HE muscles, in common with all
Il their stages OF development "a and
decline; our physical strength increases
up to a certain age, and then decreases.
Tests of the strength Of several thou
sands Of people have been made, and
the following are given as the average
figures: The lifting, power Of a youth
The Minneapolis journal., 1905-11-19

storage battery becomes exhausted it
can be replenished with electricity pro-
duced by the locomotive. If by mistake
a semaphore falsely registers tsfree
track'' the endangered trains neverthe-
less supply each other with signals Of
distress. This system requires neither
wires nor poles
The Minneapolis journal., 1905-11-19

Cheyenne, provided the individual In
dian live in his original dirt, blankets,
and moccasins and carefully abstain
from stepping out in the warpath when
the dew is on. -
In Arizona, as an instance, there are
twenty-one persons in the 100000 who
are 100 years old and more, most of
these individuals being Indians who
have led quiet, pipe-smoking existences,
far from the mazy possibilities Of the
Tucson and Tombstone booze empori-
ums.
The southern. states bordering the
gulf all show a high percentage of cen
tenarians in their population, based
largely upon the negro element, which
has held more than it's own as COM
pared with the white race, which has
fought with the miasma and yellow
Jack in the low-lying swampy sections
of the country.
X + K
Taking the states of the union and
looking at them with reference to negro
and Indian population, it may be seen
at glance how these dark-skinned
peoples have lent numbers to the ratio
tables Of the general census: .~*~.
CENTENARIANS IN EACH 100000 POPULA.
The Minneapolis journal., 1905-11-19

from the Nevada schools in less than
twelve months, and they are still mar
rying. ~ z.-..--
TO secure teachers the authorities
have doubled salaries for high-class edu-
Gators, and as a special inducement
advise applicants that a husband. is
guaranteed to 60 with every place.
The Minneapolis journal., 1905-11-19

A firm of Baltimore architects has
drawn plans for a building without any
wood in it's construction. It will be six
stories in height, the entire structure
to be Of reinforced concrete and steel.
Even the doors, window sashes and door
lambs will be of metal. E4
The Minneapolis journal., 1905-11-19

~ ANGLING and changing thru the
chill morning air, holding un-
- disputed sway over vehicular
traffic at this early hour, shivering and
jolting over the right angle crossings,
the unmistakable hum of rapidly rotat-
ing armatures from beneath, and
the furtive and vicious blue-green
flashes from the trolley rendering the
darkness even more intense, comes
long line Of streetcars, loaded to fullest
capacity with throng of workers en-
tering the heart Of the city to take
up their daily tasks. :.fIi@
Standing at the corner Of Hennepin
and Washington avenues in the dark
ness of November morning, one can
not but be impressed with the strong
tide Of manhood coming out of the cars,
and out of that early hour when "no
man is hero.' 90.
+ + i.
These men are the bone and sinew
of the city's industrial life, and they
represent the combined indsutries Of
the entire wholesale and manufactur-
ing section. From every point of the
compass they Scome and are rapidly
absorbed by the great business houses,
whose wheels are helpless without them.
1t is safe to say that an hour
ago these workers were asleep in
their beds. In the old days the jour
ney downward took up much more time,
and the workingman had to live nearer
to his employment, or indulge in the
luxury Of cold and cheerless journey
night and morning. The streetcar sys-
tenn has done much to annihilate time
and distance, and tho it might be bet
ter, it might also be much worse.
+ + 4,
Seven o'clock is now heralded by the
lazy chimes of the cityhall clock, and
ere the giant bell sends forth its seven
peals, the air is rent with jargon of
ear-splitting and unholy sounds of
whistles, which seem to serve no better
purpose than putting everyone in ILL
humor. The doors Of the great fac
tories and works are open, the time
check clocks register with unsympa-
thetic precision the comings-in of the
workers; engines and dynamos and mo-
tors are set in motion, and amid the
"frap-frap' Of the belts and the. whir
ring or the pulleyS Cne SKllled WOrkmen
Of hundred trades commence theil
daily toll.
+ !. /.
At 8 there is yet another crowd of
employees, this time with a generous
admixture Of the fair sex, but without
the horrid hooting Of steam-whistles
Within a few minutes this second
throng will distribute itself among the
Offices and stores, and soon the click
of the typewriter and the buzzing of
the little cash trolleys will give audible
evidence Of another intergral part o1
the daily work-machine.
At more stragglers put in an ap
pearance; men who are something il
The Minneapolis journal., 1905-11-19

the city, and whose responsibility is
greater than their activity; men who
don't need to, and, in fact, don't mean
to "kill the job.'
~ j. + \
But if the pandemonium was great
in the morning, it is greater in the
evening, for at 6 work ceases every
where. Then it is that the streetcar
men have their work cut out, and the
duties of the man with the lamp on the
Hennepin corner are no sinecure.
e., For obvious reasons, whatever short
comings the time-checks record on the
morning work-roll, are amply set off
by the alarcity with which the "cease
work" signal is observed.
> From a hundred sources, hundred
human tributaries swell the general
confluence, and out from the bright
ness and warmth of workroom, office
and shop come the hurrying thousands,
eager to make the quickest time home.
If there were any doubt as to the
advantages the workers of our city
possess, that misgiving would be en-
tirely removed after witnessing 6
O'Clock street scene on wet evening.
The Minneapolis journal., 1905-11-19

only one centenariar in 100000 Of the
state 8 teeming millions, while Arizona
numbers twenty-one Of them to it's
credit>for somnolence and ease.
Considering the work Of men and the
proportionate deaths distributed thru
the professions, trades and mixed call
ings Of the population, one may find
the line of employment which is least
likely to cut his life short because of
it's exactions.
In the last census year among the
male workers of the country there we're
27S,147 deaths from all causes. In de-
tail these deaths as distributed accord
ing to calling were:
Clerical and otflcial al.................... 1S70S
Mercantile and trading. 1929
Personal service, police military. 5,S71
Laboring and servant. nt.................. 47,165
Manufacturing and mechanical industry. 57,e31
Agriculture, transportation and other
out-0r-door 123, OIL
ALI other occupations. s................... 1,457
The alley huckster and peddler has
life chances that the indoor grocer and
dry goods merchant might we'll envy.
The saloonkeeper and "barkeep' have
lowliness Of calling be Of no material
weight with the worker, he might well
become huckster in St. Joseph, pro
vided he cannot raise the wind for a
bank: Bawling 'appo-appo-a
DOL" up and down the alleys Of that
Missouri river town is good for the
lungs-and good many peddlers have
died rich. &C. Lyons.
The Minneapolis journal., 1905-11-19
Collection of Short Stories from the World of Workers

in tone Of deep commiseration; "but,
thin, some men will do anything for a
living!' And he resumed his task.
"That's right,' agreed the iron
worker, turning again to his beam some
hundreds of feet in the air.
The Minneapolis journal., 1905-11-19

you please, but be careful Of what you
write will have to be altered to in
clude a warning against talking into. a
phone with one of these attachments.
-Philadelphia Record.
The Minneapolis journal., 1905-11-19

coming of hungry mortality, and the
empty jangling cars turn their CYCLIC
pean-eye upon streets that reflect from
their shimmering> pavements the unob-
structed beam of the arc lamps for half
a dozen blocks or more. y,
The homes Of the workers are dotted
here and there over an irregular pen
tagon~ on the west, of which the river
forms one: side, Minnehaha creek
another, and a line between the lakes
and the Union station the others.
Away out to the north is another resi-
Dental section, and across the river are
still more homes Of the industrial
classes. 49, =
:. g.. -. + +
If our streetcar service has some fail
ings, undue delay in handling the even
ing crowds is not one of them. In Mil.
waukee, the high-pressure period oc-
cupies full hour; in Detroit, which
boasts of the finest streetear system in
the world, the streets are still crowded
at and often at 7:30, while in Buffalo,
N. Y, things are not much better. Con-
gestion became so bad in Toronto that
couple of years ago one Of the lead
The Minneapolis journal., 1905-11-19

raised by poll-tax of four francs, SO
cents, on each of the 10000 inhabi-
tants rs -..I@j@ q -
The Minneapolis journal., 1905-11-19

:cENTENAR1ANs IN 100, 900 PoPuLAT1o,
The Mitchell capital. (Mitchell, Dakota [S.D.]) 1879-1918, 1905-12-29
The Christmas Tree.

Baltimore American: Nothing
else in the Christmas festivities that
have come and gone through the
centuries seems to maintain the same
hold upon the juvenile Imagination
as the Christmas tree. 1t arouses
the same enthusiastic admiration
now that il did a century ago. 1t
is the business of a tree to grow
things and a tree that will at once
produce a combination crop of can
Gies, fruits and toys is, of course, a
wonder and d joy. which language
utterly fails in describing. The
Christmas. tree, that flashes its won
derful foliage and fruitage upon the
astonished gaze Of the newest mem
Der of the family on Christmas morn
ing. leaves an enduring impression
that eve quite wears away, even
when threescore and ten have been
reached.