The daily morning journal and courier. [volume] (New Haven, Conn.) 1894-1907, 1905-01-28

| appearance of the car; what he has in
mind is the proportioning Of mechani-
cal details; its sizes of axles with re-
spect to loads; its dimensions of steer
| ing gear, rods, pivots, etc. He finds
made since last summers endurance
run. and that well-balanced machines
are almost universal.
! Discussion with the engineers of the
various manufacturers brought out
widely varying opinions as to govern
Ors for large cars. Some are perfectly
confident that governor that will pre-
vent the car from racing when sudden
ly released from its load is an absolute
necessity. Others assert that gov
| ernor is an unnecessary complication,
i that no trouble will rise from the alb
sence Of a governor of any kind, that
when the clutch is opened and the en-
! CINE released from its load the throttle
! lever may be returned to the desirable
point so that the engine may run slow
~. One prominent maker abandoned
the governor, believeing It to be of no
use, while another retains it and de-
ponds upon it.
/ The types Of governors are many
where they exist. There is the me-
chanical ball governor, flying out I'M
der spring tension, some of them adj
justed at the factory once and for all
at certain speed, others having vari-
able springs, which enable the operator
to vary the spring tension from the
seat and set his car at a slow or rapid
| Cnoph The NTin+o,, a..
its air governor. When the machine
begins to race the air pressure in the
system prevents the valves from OPEN
ing and slows the engine. The Cadillac
circulates oil, working against piston
controlling the throttle in the carburet-
ter. When the engine begins to run
fast the oil cannot bypass fast enough,
presses on the pistcns and closes the
| throttle. If the car is running along
with the governor set and meets an OBJ
struction or hill the oil pressure is di-
minished. the throttle opens and the
car maintains its even speed
Several builders show cars without
! governors, but with device which
prevents racing of the engine when the
clutch is released. This safeguard is
| brought about by lever working from
the clutch lever to the throttle. When
the clutch is opened 1t automatically
closes the throttle to certain desira-
BILE point. This does away with all
danger of racing as a result of the
opening of the clutch.
| There is no doubt, Mr.. Souther says,
but that a skilled operator can run a
car with governor, but 1t is also
certain that there is one more thing for
the operator to think about when he is
busy thinking about other things.
! When an operators hands and feet
are busy meeting an emergency, If he
1 has his clutch open for only the small
est part of a minute, the engine in
creases its speed without the governor
to dangerous extent, whereas, If there
were one, governor would prevent It.
| On the large cars the greater pro-
portion drive at high speed direct
without any gears in the driving tram
working, except the bevel gears. The
| counter shaft in the transmission case
| may be idle or may not, either system
giving perfect satisfaction. About the
| only exception. to the sliding gear
/ 10 LIlG " dilu tttC
| Cadillac-that is, in the large cars. The
Winton uses its old type OF cone
| clutches, individual, clutches being
| used for all speed changes; 1t is said to
| be very cleverly worked out.
| The Cadillac people have done a dar-
| ing thing in using the planetary sys-
| tenn for their four-cylinder $3.50 horse
power car, with three speeds forward
and a reverse. They have. certainly
gone in the right direction in using
tremendously large dimensions. This
will lead to success, If anything will,
| in this system and in transmitting so
| much power.
The Knox company on large cars also
| retains the planetary system. 1t runs
| in heavy grease and noise is elimi-
mated.
| There seems to be no radical changes
| in the sliding gear transmission. Cen
| erous gears and dimensions are the
| rule. Carefully hardened gears are
| universal, and the result win undoubt-
edly be even more satisfactory than in
the past. Perfectly operating clutches
have made the sliding gear very sat-
| isfactory mechanism.
| In one four-cylinder car is a trans
| mission apparently sliding gear, but
| which differs from. all Others In that
all the gears are absolutely idle when
the car is not on high speed and driv-
| ing direct Not only are they idle,
| but they are without motion. This is
| accomplished by a patented device and
| by means of rachets, which work au-
| tomatically, and the pawls Of which en-
| gage only when called upon to do so by
the shifting of the gears.
A novelty in the way of drives is
| shown in another car. To all external
| appearances 1t is a bevel gear, but in
fact, it is one of the oldest forms of
gearing in history, or rather a modern
adaptation Of it. The large gear reseln-
bles sproket with the teeth turned
| over sidewise. so that they engage
with a pinion which consists of two
fianges carrying hardened rollers be-
tween them. The action is very much
like that of a roller chain, except that
the chain is wrapped tightly around
the pinion and bears upon the sproket
teeth direct. This set Of gears trans
mits the power from the 3S-4O horse
power four-cylinder engine successful
ly, quietly and with good endurance.
1t goes without saying that 1t runs in
a bath Of Oil. e.,
The two-chain tvpe is nrahahIy most