davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1905-08-13

numerous vent-pipes called volcanoes, which serve
in a safety-valves when the great interior
furnace is obliged to get rid of of its super
huous energy.
The gaseous mass of the interior of the globe
contains all the elements which compose the crust.
On escaping to the cooler surface it is differentiated
under varying conditions of pressure and temper
allure, into rocks metals and other substances.
This indeed, is the way in which the crust of the
earth has been formed all known rocks being recog
nizable as originally of igneous origin But of
course in order to make this conception clear, it
should be realized that the planet which
dwell was itself, upon time little sun, and
that after its surface had cooled and hardened
volcanic activity-tha is to say, the throwing up of
hot material from beneath the crust-must have
been intellectually more intense through long ages
than at the present time.
Now, when such an eruption occurs as that of
Mount Pelee, naturally regard it vastly de-
structive phenomenon. 1t destroys much human
life and property, well a great deal of vege-
taton. But in reality it is constructive rather than
destructive adding as it does largely to the earhs
crust 1t brings up out of the bowels of the planet
immense quantities of materials which are thereby
added to the skin thereof This in fact is the very
process by which the skin of the globe has been
formed The Island of Martinique, which this
frghtfu volcano is located, is nothing
less than surface ash-pile around a chimney that
extends downward into the interior furnace. 10
the eye of the geologist it simply marks the
place where vents leading upward from the
of the earth opened ages ago in the sea bottom,
two miles below the present summit of Mount
Pclee.
Any volcano is merely pipe extending from the
interior furnace to the surface where its opening
crater, is surrounded by an ash-pi1e, heap
of thrown-up material The heap may assume the
dimensions of great mountain, but it is the
less recognizable ash-pile and its very size
gives vivid notion of the enormous quantity of
material elected and of the titanic character of the
forces employed. The principal agents of destruc-
ton during an eruption are fiery clouds (such as
swept down upon the town of ST. Pierre, destroy
ing the whole population within few seconds),
which consist of volumes of hot gases and vapors,
carrying ncandescent ashes. 1t has been estimated
by Professor c. Russell that each of the clouds
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1905-08-13

exploding at intervals, and again and again in
the future it will burst forth.
Mount Pelee, however is only of huge
battery of volcanoes, living and extinct, beneath
the Caribbean Islands All of them chimneys
communicating with the interior furnace
"a fact which strkingly illustrated by the
recent occurrence of simultaneous eruptions
Martinique and St. Vincent. Out of these pipes
through ages past molten stuff from the fiery
core of the globe has been poured, building
islands and making dry land for human beings
to live upon Volcanoes 1and-makers, and,
in the light of knowledge regarding
them we are able to learn much of a region
hitherto hidden and mysterious-the region of
inconceivable temperatures and mighty forces in
side of the planet which we live.
One of the most curious phenomena in con-
nection with volcanic eruptions is the emission
of immense quantities of water by the burning
mountain. Many theorists have imagined that
this water came from the ocean, which, leaking
through fssure in the floor caused the
fiery mass Contained possibly in a "pocket"
beneath the mountan) to explode. But there
no longer can be any reasonable doubt that
the water thrown out lin the case of Mount Pelee
it swelled the streams to thirty times their
freshet volume) is formed by the cooling and
consequent condensation of the gases ascending
through the Vent-pi pc. In this way volcano,
instead of taking in water, actually g it out;
and it far from impossible that the
which form the aqueous envelop of the globe
may actually have been created by such means
In conclusion it may be said that the Garth
is not, as is popularity conceived a completed
and finished object but living mechanism.
Beneath its outer crust or shell are being con-
Quoted planetary processes, which in some way
not yet understood accountable for the up
hcaval and depression of continents and smaller
land The rocks of the surface, which
appear to us as Solids were all of them originally
part of the hot mother substance of the globes
core, and may be considered gases which
have been locked into conditions of stability
by chemical and physical combinations. View
ing the problem in this large way, get
a enlightened notion of the structure of
planet, and able to make nearer
approach to the great secret of its UNEMPLOYED
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1905-08-13

thrown out by Mount Pelee
during its period of greatest
activity was charged with forty
million cubic feet of solids;
and inasmuch as the phenome-
non was repeated every five
minutes, the total solids thus
thrown out must have been
equivalent to about one billion
five hundred and twenty mill
ion cubic feet a day-repre-
senting mass one square mile
in area and three hundred and
sixty feet deep.
The total amount of material
transferred from the earth's
interior to its outer crust dur
ing the recent eruptions of
Mount Pelee must have been
equal in bulk to the whole of
the Island of Martinique-the
greater part of it being carried
in the shape of cinders and
gases to considerable distances
from the volcanic vent-hole,
and deposited eventually upon
the floor of the sea over
an area of thousands of square
miles. Having thus shown
what it can do when reused
to action, the volcano at times
ceases to erupt, its vents are
plugged with masses of lava,
and, with its lid" on, it
assumes an aspect of harm
lessness. But the appearance
is deceitful; for the real vol
cano within, banked up by its
own debris, is potentially as
active as ever. For thou
sands of years it has been
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1905-08-13

to transcend the grasping power of the human mind.
We think of the earth cold body In reality
1t is hot-its temperature so intense, indeed as to
be comparable to that of the sun. The cool
crust the outside is a mere skim less thick
relatively than the shell of egg. On this
crust because it is poor conductor of heat, we
live undisturbed by the activities of the raging
furnace inside, except once in awhile, when lot
of the molten and gaseous material from below is
thrown out through one of the escape pipes that
call volcanoes causing more or less widespread
destruction.
What may be termed the new theory of volcanoes,
which is gaining acceptance by the foremost geol-
ogists is based upon the idea that the earth is
substantially of gases held to the rgidity
of steel by enormous pressures due to gravity. But
the forces and activities work the vast furnace
beneath mighty beyond conception, and in
asmuch there is continual tendency on the part
of the imprisoned gases to escape it is not surprising
that they should pour at intervals in appalling
quantities through another of the volcanic
blast chimneys As they rise upward through the
crust they undergo cooling and thus the
condition of molten solid substances.
Even from such experiments able to
perform in small way in the laboratory, we know
that all the rocks of the earths crust be melted
into liquids and that at still higher temperatures
they become gases. 1t is also known that hot gases
may be cooled into molten liquids, which in turn
will change to solids on further cooling. Nothing
be reasonable than to suppose that
similar changes take place in the earth's interior,
the central mass being SO intensely hot that its
temperature may be classed celestial-corres-
ponding, that is to say with the temperature of
the and other heavenly bodies which
to be in a state of active combustion.
In following out this line of reasoning the first
working hypothesis offered by Arrhenus, an
eminent Swedish physicist who assumed that the
crust of the globe solid to a depth of about
twenty-four miles, at which point all substances
must be reduced to liquid molten condition.
Less than two hundred miles farther down he
declared the temperature must be SO high to
convert the hardest rocks and most refractory metals
into gases. Accepting this theory substantially
correct it appears that relatively to the size of the
EARTH the cool crust is almost aarmngly thin; but,
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1905-08-13

=
Vesuvius, whose mani
festations of p1utonic
energy are again exciting alarm,
is merely a fresh illustration
of a great and hitherto unre-
cognized fact, namely, that the
earth, barring a thin crust, is
a mass of inconceivably hot
gases, and that volcanoes are
merely cinder-piles marking the
mouths of pipes which lead
down into the fiery furnace
below. This furnace, which is
the core of the planet, is always
raging, even during periods of
surface quiescence, and at in
tervals more or less periodic it
throws out through the vol
canic chimneys vast quantities
of the core-stuff, cooled to
liquids and solids. Pelee and
Vesuvius are two of these
chimneys, and their eruptions
are actuated from a source that
Is one and the same.
The notion that we dwell on
dead sphere, resembling in char
acter what the moon is sup
posed to be, though less adj
vanced in the process of
planetary decay, has been
widely accepted; but of late
it has been upset by new
knowledge, and thinking men
are now disposed to consider
that the earth is in reality an
exceedingly live piece of mech
anism, bearing in its bosom, as
it is hurled through the cosmic
void forces SO tremendous as
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1905-08-13

THE renewed activity of
| Vesuvius, whose mani
festations of p1utonic
Morning appeal. [volume] (Carson City, Nev.) 1877-1906, 1905-02-08

OFFICIAL COUNT OF STATE
FUNOe
STATE OF NEVADA,
County Of Ormsby, S. $.
w. G. Douglass ani
John Sparks being duly sworn
severally say they are lhemb .rs Of the
Board Of Examiners of the State Il
New, that on tho 18th day Of Jan. 'o6
they, latter having ascertained from
the books OF the State Controller the
amount Of money that should be d
tn Treasury made an Official examk
nation and count of the money ANA
vouchers for money in the State Tro
asury of Nevada and found the same
correct as follows: a
Coin $s47,se5 g.
Paid coin vouch-
ers not returned
to Controller ss.s.3 q
Total 4s4.ols o.
State School Fund Securities.
lrredeemable Nevada
State School y
Bond $4,000 %
Mass. State per
cent bonds $4,000 90
Nevada State
bonds 255,10O 90
Mass State 81 per
cen bonds 1S9, 900 o.
| United States
| bonds 2l5,OO0 0U
Total $2,O1o.11o o.
w. G. Douglass
John Spaks
Morning appeal. [volume] (Carson City, Nev.) 1877-1906, 1905-02-08

OF the New HampshirO Fire Insurance
Company Of Manchester, Nss~hamp-
Morning appeal. [volume] (Carson City, Nev.) 1877-1906, 1905-02-08

Total $2,O1o.110 o.
w. G. Douglass
John Spaks
Subscribed and sworn before me
this 18th day of Jan, A. ID. 1905.
J Doano
Notary Public, Ormsby county, Nek
SILVER PARTY COUNTY CONVEM-
TON.
Morning appeal. [volume] (Carson City, Nev.) 1877-1906, 1905-02-08
ANNUAL STATEMENT

Paul E. Rasor, U. 8. Manager
Morning appeal. [volume] (Carson City, Nev.) 1877-1906, 1905-02-08

rHnlRE--poinug place Union Hail.
Ham, Joe Stevens AMI
Ro1r fieoR Jr,
Morning appeal. [volume] (Carson City, Nev.) 1877-1906, 1905-02-08

ANNUAL STATEMENT
OF the Moscow Fire Insurance CON-
pany Of Moscow. Russia.
Capital (paid up
Morning appeal. [volume] (Carson City, Nev.) 1877-1906, 1905-02-08

FOR SALE Thoroughbred short
horned Durham bull aged one year
Pedigree registered and furnished on
a application. Inquire Of Joe Joseph.
Orphans Home
Overcoats at the lowest prices at
the Emporium. Get in before they
a.v g0.e
We are closing out our line Of sta
toinery. School children az we'll 81
anybody else can get bargains in the
above line by calling at the Meyers
Nercantile Co.'S store
The Emporium received = fine as
sortment of beads in all co!ors, yes
terday.
initiative and referendum, and other
legislative authority and power con-
nected Herewith.
Passed March, =. 1eo31
Resolved by the Assembly, The Sa,-
ate corcurring, That SeotioA Of Ar
ticie Nv Of tho Constitution IF the
State of Nevada shall BE and is here
by amended to read as follows:
, Section l. The legislative authority
,of the State shall be vested in the
Senate and an Assembly. which shall
!. be designated az the Legislature Of
: the State of Nevada" and the ses-
siCrs of such Legislature shall be held
st the seat of government Of the
State The people, however. reserve
Ito themselves powers to propose laws
ard amendments to the Constitution
and to enact or reject the same al
1.-THE polls, independent of the Legis
lature, and also reserve power a
their own option to approve or rejec
at the polls any act of the Legislativ
Assembly The first power reserve
by the people is the initiative and no
less than ten (l0) per cent OF tn
legal voters shall be reuired to propos
any measure by such petition. an
e every such petition shall include tn
! fu,. text of the measure so propose
8 Initiative petitions shall be filed wit
the Secretly of State not less tina
o four mcn,ns before the election
8 which they are to be voted upon. tt
e second power is the referendum, and
may be ordered Except as to laws ne
70 essary for the immediate preservatit
= OF the public peace. health or safet.
10 either by petition, signed by seven
Re per cent of the legal voters, or by Z
n Legislative Assembly, AZ other BIZ
IL are enacted.
Morning appeal. [volume] (Carson City, Nev.) 1877-1906, 1905-02-08
The Winter Route East.

think Of the Texas and Pacific. the
true Southern route as it is called
We can plan for you an ideal win
ter trip through the fertile San Jau-
quin valley or down the picturesque
coast line Of the Southern Pacific via
Los Angeles. journeying through the
beautiful orange and olive groves Of
Southern California, getting a glimpse
OF the Old World civilizations OF OLD
Mexico en- route and on through the
cotton fields Of the Southland.
Pullman and Tourist sleepers to st.
-ouis and the East, a new and excel
lent dining car service meals Ia
carte; stop-overs to visit the famous
Arkansaw hot springs if desired.
For rate quotations, sleeper reser
vations and all information about
your trip address or cali upon Mr.. w.
]. Shotwell, General Agent, No. 652
Market street, San Francisco It's
not bit of trouble to answer Ques-
tons
Morning appeal. [volume] (Carson City, Nev.) 1877-1906, 1905-02-08

The Beaver Z RE oeaalo 4alkool
announces that special okcursaoa CoeI
Vim be MADE Cor the Ct. Louis yair q
September Let, "a. 9Th. 9Th. tn, "a,
18th. 20th, 2Sth, and seth. and 0co
ober srd. 4th. 9Th. 9Th. 18th. 3eth, SEA.
eth. 4
A splendid opportunity IL hereby
offered to visit tho Worlds FaA
cheaply and comfortably. At no seas
On of the whole year are the beauties
and grandure Of the Colorado Rocklss
20 pleasing to the eye, a. when deckoA
with tho russell and gold OF the A.
unm foliage.
Tho schedule for the through Pun
man az well a. the person ally oonduee
ed excursion parties Is SO arranged
a. to afford daylight views of the
magnificent scenery via the Denver q
Rio Grande, rightly called the Sceaie
Line Of the World.
Write for our Worlds Fair pam
phlets and handsome books Of travel
to any OF the following Rio Grand<
System ticket Offices: NJ. IL Eat
| Santa Clars Street, San Jose; No. l0ls
Second Street, Sacramento: No. 1871
Broadway, Oakland, or
w. ]. SHOTwELL.
General Agent D. & r. G. R r,
626 Market st. San Francisco.
Morning appeal. [volume] (Carson City, Nev.) 1877-1906, 1905-02-08
Headquarters Silver Party County cs(
trail Committee.
Carson CITY. Nevada

Headquarters Silver Party County ce(
trail Committee.
Carson City. Nevada
At meeting of the Ormsby County
Silver Party Central Committee. hell
at Carson City. Nevada. Septembe
l. 1904, it was ordered that the County
Convention. be held at the Distrtct
Court room. Carson City, Nevada, -
TUESDAY,, SEPTEMBER ~. 1914
at 10 o'clock a. m.
for the purpose Of nominating the
county ticket to be voted for at the
general election to be held Tuesday,
the Sth' day of November. 1904. eoA-
sisting Of:
Three members Of the Assembly.
Sheriff and ex-oficio Assessor.
Recorder and Auditor.
County Clerk and Treasurer.
District Attorney and Superintenf
ent Of schools.
County commissioner, long term.
County Commissioner, short term.
Justice of the Peace, Carson Town
ship
Constable, Carson Township.
Justice of the Peace, Empire Towa'
ship.
Constable, Empire Township.
Also the appointment OF a County
Central Committee and the transaction
If such other business as may prop
crlv cone before the convention,
The basis cf representation shall be
as follows Carson l6, Empire ,,
Total, p.
cARSON-Polling place, Curry En-
CINE House. Judees-E. james, Geo.
p. Cowing Peter Hansen. VIM. Heiden-
reich.
rEntSE-Poinug place. tnion Hall
iudces-Peter Hahn. Joe Stevens AMI
Polx rHeoe IT.
Morning appeal. [volume] (Carson City, Nev.) 1877-1906, 1905-02-08
ANNUAL STATEMENT

Of the U. S. Branch Commercial Union
Assurance Co., Ltd Of London. Eng
&c Dital paid up head offs s1.250,o0o 90
: oo1 73o ~
Morning appeal. [volume] (Carson City, Nev.) 1877-1906, 1905-02-08

ANNUAL STATEMENT
Of the u S. Branch of the London e.
Lancashire lns. Co. of Liverpool,
England.
DeDosit in the u. s. IS 100000 %
Gainesville daily sun. (Gainesville, Fla.) 190?-1938, 1905-05-12

Having to lay upon my bed for "A
days from = severely bruised leg.
only found relief when l used a bottle
OF BallArd's Snow Linimeht. car
cheertully recommend IL a. the best
medicine for bruises ever sent 20 the
afflicted IL has nov become a pOsi.
tive necessity upon myself ID. X
ByFnes. merchant. Dovrrsville, Tex.
~. 25c, SIC and 81, sold by W. NJ
Johnson, Gainesville, Fla, aud J. e.
BishOp. AlEchua. Fla.
Gainesville daily sun. (Gainesville, Fla.) 190?-1938, 1905-05-12
Saved by Dynamite.

Sometimes flaming city 10 saved by
dynamiting a space that the fire can't
cross. Sometimes q cough hangs on 80
long, you feel IS il nothing but dyna-
mite would cure il. Y. L. Gray OF Cal
houn, Ga, writes My wife bad q very
aggravated cough, which kept her
awake nights. Two physicians could
not help her; so che took DR.. Kings
New Discovery for consumption, coughs
and colds, which essed her cough, gave
her sleep, and finally cured her. {"
Strictly scientific cure for bronchitis
and lagrippe. At drug stores, price Soc
and $l.00; guaranteed. Trial bottle
free.
Gainesville daily sun. (Gainesville, Fla.) 190?-1938, 1905-05-12
Negro KILLED Rs.I,tIna Arr,s,.

Nashville, Tenn May ll.-While re
sisting arrest Tom Ray. a negro. wa.
shot and killed by PatrolmAn J. X
Bradford when the oficer undertook
to arrest Ray, the latter clinched him
and scuffle lasting several minutes
ensued, when both the oficer and the
negro went down to the sidewalk TO
gethor The officer had drawn his
revolver. and as they went down the
weapon was discharged. the bullet en-.
terng Rays neck and severing the
jugular vein. he died almost instant
ly.
Gainesville daily sun. (Gainesville, Fla.) 190?-1938, 1905-05-12
MAN Grows BLACK ROSE.
AFFLICTED Man Discovers q Process Of
Producing a New Rose.


savannah, Ca, May 11.-Dennis Tap
ley is an afflicted young man Of this
city who has for years, though bowed
and bent by disease, sold key rings
IN one Of the squares stamping upon
the rings the names Of those who buy.
He has suddenly sprung into public
notice through his assertion that he
has discovered a secret that has been
concealed from naturalists and florists
for all the ages-the secret Of grow.
ing a coal black rose. Tapley de-
elares he has perfected his method,
and that he can raise a rose as black
as the ravens wing. This, he asserts,
he does without the use OF chemicals
He has named his rose the Mourn
ing rose and says he expects to sell
the secret for $4,000.
Gainesville daily sun. (Gainesville, Fla.) 190?-1938, 1905-05-12
UnIaue Breach Of Promise Suit.

Pittsburg, May ll.--There Is booked
for trial in the federal court here q
breach Of promise case In which Miss
Edith Isabella Glbney, Of st. Louis.
sues Claus J, Steiner. a wealthy young
consulting architect, for $500 dam.
ages. and his father. mother and three
sisters for $4,000 damages, alleging
they conSpired 10 tell untruths about
her 10 her hance and 40 broke OF the
match
Gainesville daily sun. (Gainesville, Fla.) 190?-1938, 1905-05-12
To start Bio Furnace.

Cedartown, Ca, May 1.-THE Ala.
hama and Georgia Iron company are
getting ready TO start their furnace
in few days. For several months
they have been getting everything in
shape and getting a good stock Of
charcoal and ore on hand. The ca.
paeIty OF this furnace is sixty tons
daily and Is ~ the finest qualities OF
charcoal pig iron.
Gainesville daily sun. (Gainesville, Fla.) 190?-1938, 1905-05-12

including bowling alleys, which was
adopted.
After several amendments had been
voted down the bill passed the House
by q vote OF 40 TO Q.
A bill WAS passed TO employ a State
board Of accountaney.
At the afternoon session the first bill
was Mr.. Mobiles, prohibiting the giving
and selling OF cigarettes. cigarette to-
bacco or cigarette paper TO minors, and
forbidding the use OF cigarettes by
minors, and providing penalties for
violation OF same. The bill WAS passed
by . vote OF 30 20 20.
House Bill No. 100, also by Mr.. No
bic, providing for the reimburse ment
Of Lake county for rent for armery for
use Of State troops, was passed by .
vote Of 80 to IL.
Under waiver OF rules, Senate Bill
No. 4b, by Mr.. Harris. IAN act to 81.
thoriEe the county OF Monroe 70 issue
bonds for the purpose Of paying for
sites and erecting buildings for schools
thereon" was passed.
The House then adjourned until 10
m. Thursdsy.
Gainesville daily sun. (Gainesville, Fla.) 190?-1938, 1905-05-12
Aasd ceuple Murdered.

Athens Ca, May il--Frsnk Hol
brook and wife, two old people Wett
Drained With an Ak iaSi night a, their
home four miles from watklnsvills
Their 6odios we're dragged 20 the
front porch and jeff therc, where they
were found this morning. Their ma.
'lc s;orr had been burglarifed drring
the r,sht There is no clew 20 tAt
murderer.
Gainesville daily sun. (Gainesville, Fla.) 190?-1938, 1905-05-12
Enriohsd Man He Would Rob.

louisville, Ky. May ii.--,lames r
Moran, n tailor, had q battle at his
home with burglar and while the
Intruder did not succeed IN robbins
Mr. Moran, the thief lost pair OF
costly diamond Gun buttons In the
scunle between the men Mr. Moran
stripped The househreAkers YES, from
his body. and In one OF the packets the
jeNcry was found.
Gainesville daily sun. (Gainesville, Fla.) 190?-1938, 1905-05-12
Rnhh,r, 1ortur, q Woman.

Pittsburg Pa. May Ito compe
Mrs. Frederick Reidler OF Coulter, Pa
TO divulgV the hiding place Of her saw
lngs Of wears. s7Oc. two masked meu
burned her feet with blazing paper
dragged her about the room by The
hair, beat her, and nnally. after shs
had told where ne uoney was hidden
threw her from he second story bed
room window. Mrs Reidler ain no,
recover
Gainesville daily sun. (Gainesville, Fla.) 190?-1938, 1905-05-12

River de Ca. May n Judge
Moves Ia the superior court. hAi
AWARDED TO the Yuma Indian. No, Wa.
tee. te5 damages for the fOrcisle crop
PING q his hair under the haircut Or
der % the Indian bureau. Hot water
sued Tor s. 500 alleging that the wear.
ins % icug NAr WAS q p&rt Of his ~
AgiOh.
Gainesville daily sun. (Gainesville, Fla.) 190?-1938, 1905-05-12
Texans Attend Baptist Convention.

Waco. Tex, May IA special trair
left Waco today over the Missouri
Kansas & Texas railway bearing thc
Texas delegation TO the Southern Bap
fist convention in Kansas City. The
delegation will be augmented at Dial
las, Fort Worth and Denison. A
special religious program 10 being car
ried out on board the chapel car Good
WILL" which Is one OF the six coaches
and sleepers which make up the train
There will be a large attendance from
Texas and many prominent persons
are among the number.