davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Butler weekly times. (Butler, Mo.) 1881-1918, 1905-12-28
Chi. f of the Bureau of Chemistry

Chi f of the Bureau of Chemistry.
The same is two-fold. 1t seeks to
add to the knowledge of the man and
to increase the productive capacity OF
the acre. Mr.. Wilson does not, how
ever, lay back upon his oars and init
mate that everything is being done
that is necessary, for, great as has been
the work undertaken and accomplished,
and gratifying as has been the re-
suits as shown in the first few pages
Of this report, be it remembered, re-
marks the Secretary, that We are still
at the threshold of agricultural develop
ment and that the educational work
whi,h has led to such grand results
has only been extended as yet to a
portion Of our agricultural population.
Unprecedented Prosperity Of armef
A year of unequaled prosperity has
been added TO the most remarkable
series of similar years that has come
to the farmers of this country. Farm
crops have never before been har-
vested at such a high general level Of
production and value. Corn has reached
its highest production, over 2,7OO,OOO,-
900 bushels, of total estimated value
of s1,216, 100000. Hay comes second,
with a value of s605,000,000. Cotton
is expected to yield $575, 100000. The
The Butler weekly times. (Butler, Mo.) 1881-1918, 1905-12-28
Life Zones and Crop Zones.

PotoSalS VI INC 3oh SSSO SSAN
from China.
Life Zones and Crop Zones.
The work of the Bureau of Biolog-
ical Survey includes the determination
of the boundaries of the natural life
zones of the United States and the
corresponding crop zones. The chief
purpose is to ascertain the bounda-
ries Of natural life zones with view
to aiding the farmer in selecting crops
best adapted to his locality and In
avoiding crops unsuited to 1t.
Studies of Birds.
One section of the Biological Survey
Is engaged in the study Of birds and
their various relations to man, espe-
cially to determine whether birds
damage crops, whether they protect
insects either injurious or beneficial,
and to what extent they feed upon
weed seeds. Thousands of birds
stomachs are examined in gathering
facts on this subject.
Publications Of the Department.
In the Division of Publications more
than twelve million copies of publ
cations have been distributed by the
Department during the past year
nearly As per cent. of which were dis
tributed through the Senators and
Representatives In Congress.
Need Of Government Crop Reports
Referring to the work of the Bureau
of Statistics, the Secretary says thai
the development of organizations r.
fix prices, and in some cases to force
temporary changes giving unnatural
advantages to price manipulators, has
led to the need of strong and i'm
partial agency to make comprehensive
reports of actual facts relating L
prospective crops and yields, that al
concerned may know how to buy ant
sell.
The Improvement of Public Roads.
The work of the Office of Public
Roads is primarily educational il
character. It's province is to detail
experts to give information and ad
vice. In many communities 1t Il
found advisable to supplement advice
by practical demonstration of effect
i've road building. These roads hav,
been built in thirty.eight States.
Speaking of the growth of the De
partment, the Secretary reports tn,
number of persons on the rolls July
i, 1905, to be 5,446. OF these, 2,32t
are rated as scientists and scientific
assistants. This shows an increase
since July 1, 1897, of 5000 persons OF
the rolls of the Department.
The Butler weekly times. (Butler, Mo.) 1881-1918, 1905-12-28

Of a parasite of the San Jose scale
from China.
The Butler weekly times. (Butler, Mo.) 1881-1918, 1905-12-28

and energy which characterized the
suppression Of foot-and-mouth disease
in the New England States in 1902
and 1908
Plant Diseases and Plant Breeding.
The Bureau of Plant Industry Is Or
ganiZed into eleven Offices and employs
over 500 persons, about 60 per cent.
of whom are engaged in distinctly
scientific work.
In its systematic work in securing
new plants and seeds from foreign
countries the Bureau of Plant Industry
has been highly successful. Success
has also attended its work in cotton
breeding, undertaken with the view
to obtaining new sorts combining i'm
proved length of staple with produc-
| tiveness. The Secretary records the
production of a new citrus fruit, the
citrange, several varieties Of which
the Rusk, the Willets, the Norton
have been developed. Another inter-
esting product Is the new tangelo, a
hybrid of the pomelo or grape fruit,
and the tangerine orange.
| Very considerable importance is re-
corded in the manner of seed distribu-
ton. A special feature has been the
encouragement of school-garden work
thereby.
Growth of the Forest Service.
An important achievement in For
estry during the past few years has
been to enlist the sympathy and CO.
operation of lumbermen and forest
owners and the Secretary urges that
the work of education continue until
The Butler weekly times. (Butler, Mo.) 1881-1918, 1905-12-28

SECRETARY WILSON. OF THE
tary says that it is q most grateful
task to present TO his Chief and thus
TO the American people pen picture
of the American farmer as he Is to-
day, TO make clear the pre-eminent
position of the farming industry, its
wonderful productiveness, and its large
contributions to the general prosperity
of the country.
His report also points out some Of
the more important work by which his
Department seeks to benefit the farmer.
The Butler weekly times. (Butler, Mo.) 1881-1918, 1905-12-28

ing to our cereal products and pre-
pared meats. The latter included a
systematic examination of canned
goods. Its practical experiments have
developed the fact that, without excep-
ton, the addition Of the ordinary pre-
servatives to foods is prejudicial to
health. The Secretary argues the need
of protecting the public from these
evil effects by legislation.
The Butler weekly times. (Butler, Mo.) 1881-1918, 1905-12-28
Soil Surveys and Soil Studies.

In spite of the activity Of the Blu
reau of Soils, there are on file at the
present time requests for mapping 215
counties in 40 States and territories.
The surveys already made aggregate
$4,000, 900 acres In A States and ter
ritories. The soils adapted to spe-
The Butler weekly times. (Butler, Mo.) 1881-1918, 1905-12-28

with the mere surplus for which there
was no demand at home.
Farmers as Bankers.
One of the most notable outgrowths
of savings by farmers is the great
multiplication of small National banks
in recent years. AS many as LIZA
banks. each with a capital of less than
$50, 1000, were organized from March,
1900, to October, 1905. These were dis
tributed mostly throughout the South
and the North Central States, in rural
regions. In the South 633 of these banks
were organized, and in the North Gen.
trail States 1872. For the first time In
The Butler weekly times. (Butler, Mo.) 1881-1918, 1905-12-28
DIR. HOWARD,
Chief of the Bureau of Entomology.

Chief of the Bureau Of Entomology.
public opinion will not tolerate heed
less waste or injudicious loss. In the
saving of waste the Service has added
vastly more to the National wealth
than its total expenditures during ito
entire history. The control of the for
est reserves, embracing property worth
in cash at least $3.50, 000,0 900, has been
transferred to the Forest Service. The
Service continues to afford important
aid to private forest owners.
Chemie al Investigations.
The Bureau Of Chemistry has con-
Quoted important investigations relat-
The Butler weekly times. (Butler, Mo.) 1881-1918, 1905-12-28

ASST. SECRETARY HAYS.
the benefit of the farmers, mariners,
and manufacturers. and points out
that with all the development of this
work the average per annum increase
in the cost OF the service for the past
ten years Is but AL per cent.
Suppression of Diseases Of Animals.
or the Bureau of Animal Industry
the Secretary says that the work of
fighting contagious diseases Of animals
has been unremittingly carried on. The
report refers in detail to the principal
diseases which have been made the
subject of study, and concludes that
in every case the efforts of the Bur -au
have been attended with a more sat-
isfactory control or complete eradica-
ton. He commends highly the skill
The Butler weekly times. (Butler, Mo.) 1881-1918, 1905-12-28
Weather Bureau Work.

The report presents the work &C
complished by the Weather Bureau for
The Butler weekly times. (Butler, Mo.) 1881-1918, 1905-12-28

OF AGRICULTURE.
come that the dairy COW does. The
estimate of the value of dairy products
for 1905 reaches S665,O00,000. The
farmers hen completes for precedence
with wheat, poultry products aggre-
eating half billion dollars in value.
Value of Farm Animals.
The value Of horses and mules on
farms exceeded last winter s1,452 ,000,-
00o. Mich cows are advancing in
numbers and are worth S4S2 100000.
The value of all other cattle is esti-
mated at S662, 100000.
Great Amount of Exports.
During the last fiscal year, exported
domestic farm products were valued at
1927, 600, 900. During the last sixteen
years the domestic exports of farm
products have amounted to $4,000, 00O,-
900. or $1,000, 100000 more than enough
to buy all the railroads of the country
at their commercial value, and this
The Butler weekly times. (Butler, Mo.) 1881-1918, 1905-12-28

able increases in bank deposits in ag-
ricultural States and the increase in
the number Of small country banks are
directly and indirectly because Of the
profits that have come to the farmers.
The Butler weekly times. (Butler, Mo.) 1881-1918, 1905-12-28
MIR pINCHoT cHIEF oF THE BUREAU on FoREsTRY.

lions of the Bureau. into the question
of soil fertility and manurial require
ments have attracted general atten.
ton and much comment.
The Cotton Boil Weevil.
In the work of the Bureau of En-
tomoiogy considerable space is de-
The commonwealth. (Greenwood, Miss.) 1896-1923, 1905-04-22

the Yazoo delta south of Memphis
on Oct. 20, 1882, they made similar
provisions for their queen, Puccau-
MIA, who was old and feeble.
There is no doubt that Letaore
was an antocrat and dictator and
feared no one, not even General
Jackson. During one Of his visits
to Washington he complained to the
President of the behavior OF n OF
the government officials and de-
manded his removal. President
Jackson resented Leflore's air OF
dictation and replied:
II refuse to remove him.
"Then l will remove him myself,
| Greenwood retorted with a signif-
cant glance.
The Objectionable agent was re-
called before Lefore had an oppor-
tunity to use his rifle.
Lefore's portrait will be hung in
the Gallery of Fame which is being
established in the new capital OF
Mississippi. There will be a por-
J trait of another Indian, Pushmat-
taha, the predecessor of Lefore,
whom tradition represents as the
greatest of the Choctaw chiefs, a
warrior of great courage and endur-
ance, a renowned hunter, an elo-
quent orator and one of the proud
est and more arrogant of the savage
race. Pushmattaha vas not a here
ditary chieftain, however. He came
from one of the poorest and humble
est families in the tribe, and
achieved power and influence by his
ability and audacity. But he was
always sensitive of his obscure orr
/ gin questioned him concerning his
ancestry, he replied:
:! "Pushmattaha had no father and
no mother. The lightning struck
, an oak tree and split the trunk ano
Pushmattaha leaped out of it;
warrior just as he now stands"
During General Lafayette's las
visit to Washington in 1924 the ole
chief was there and participated il
the ceremonies. He took cold
died of pneumonia, and was buried
with military honors in the Congress
sional Cemetery, down on the banks
of the eastern branch of the Potomac
where his tomb is now pointed GU
to strangers"
The commonwealth. (Greenwood, Miss.) 1896-1923, 1905-04-22

1t is known that many prominent
friends of the Colonel have ap-
preached him upon the subject, Of
fering support without limit or hes
itation, and The Commonwealth
does not believe it violates any con-
fdence when it states that he will
be in the race before it is made up,
Col. Barry is splendidly qualified
in every particular to become more
useful than ever to the people Of
Mississippi, and we feel quite sure
that the State does not contain
man who would more becomlngly
grace the proud honor.
The commonwealth. (Greenwood, Miss.) 1896-1923, 1905-04-22
ALONG THE ByWAYS.
PEOPLE AND THINGS.

III VIM. E. Curtis, the famous
W correspondent, who recently
made a trip through the South,
writes as follows in the Chicago
Record-Herald:
"The finest mansion in Mississ-
ippi, I am told, was built by
Greenwood LIE Fluer, or Lef1ore, as
the name is commonly spelled now
adays. He was a Choctaw chief,
a half-breed, a man of remarkable
characteristics, one of which was
manifested in his construction of a
magnificent residence nine miles
east of the town of Greenwood;
which, by the way, is the home Of
Governor Vardaman, who practiced
law there for a while, and for ten or
twelve years past has been the edi-
tor of the county paper, the Com
monweahh The Lefore man
sion is a large structure of wood in
imitation of a French chateau, and
stands upon an eminence overlook
ing a beautiful plateau and valley
beyond. It was erected in 1854
decorated by French artists and fur
nished throughout by French uphol-
sterers, at a cost, according to the
gossips, of $4,000. The furni-
ture was all imported from France
the floors were covered with rugs
without seams, woven to order; the
chairs, sofas and tables were al
gilded or of inlaid ebony. The win
dow hangings were painted by ia
nous artists with representations O
famous French palaces-Versailles
Fontainebleu, st. Cloud and Malma.
ison-the mantals were covered will
The commonwealth. (Greenwood, Miss.) 1896-1923, 1905-04-22
Blocks Boast.

Hon. e. w. Nall has one Of his clever
cartoons in the Greenwood Common
wealth Of April 1. 1t depicts Natchez,
Columbus and Biloxi, each represented
by a beautiful young lady pleading with
General Keesler for the national guard
encampment. II there is any pleading
going on with the national guard auth
critics for the next encampment from
Biloxi the Herald has failed to hear of it.
Biloxi Herald.
OF course not. It requires a pref
ty good newspaper to know what is
really going on at its own home.
But the idea of Biloxi, OF any other
town, not hustling for the State en-
campment is absurd. Biloxi is one
| collection of houses that would never
have been heard of but for the en-
campment. 1t made the old place
famous.
The commonwealth. (Greenwood, Miss.) 1896-1923, 1905-04-22

opinion, however, as to the character
and merits of its former owner.
Some writer's of his time contend
that he was an infamous scoundrel,
that he betrayed his race to General
Jackson, and that the great estates
and wealth of which he boasted were
the price of his treachery. Other
writer's insist that he was a benevo
lent patriot, the protector of his
people, the friend of the whites and
a man of sterling integrity.
Lehore was a half-breed. His
father was a Louis LIE Fleur, a Cana
dian voyageur; his mother was the
daughter of a Choctaw chief, and he
was born in the year 1900. Al
though a white man, Louis lie Fleur
obtained great influence among the
Indians and accumulated much
property. Greenwood, his son, was
educated in Nashville and Europe
After his fathers death, when he
was about "a years old, he was elect
ed chief of his tribe and continued
to hold that office and honor unit
his death, although after the remov
al of the Choctaws to Indian Terri
tory he remained in Mississippi, cul.
tivating a plantation of $4,000 acres
which he had reserved for himself
of the most fertile lands of the tribe
when the remainder were coded t.
the federal government. He accu
INFLATED great wealth; his reputation
for hospitality was unbounded; h
spent much time in France and 9th
er foreign countries; and at the out
break of the war had over 200
slaves. There is a good ovidenc
that he protected his Indians agains
{ white aggression; he established
schools and made good laws 70
them; he suppressed witchcraft AM
| sorcery; he abolished the old mosai
The commonwealth. (Greenwood, Miss.) 1896-1923, 1905-04-22

law of "a life for a life" among the
members of the tribe and introduced
trials by jury for homicide. He pro-
hibited the sale of liquor and SEN
fenced his own brother to be fogged
for secretly furnishing whiskey to
the Indians. He introduced many
other reforms and was undoubtedly
the best man in his tribe, judged by
the Indian standard.
What is known as the Dancing
Rabbit Treaty., so called because it
was negotiated upon the banks of
Dancing Rabbit Creek, provided for
the cession of Choctaw lands in Mis-
sissippi to the United States and the
removal of that tribe across Mississ-
ippi to what is now known as Indian
Territory. President Jackson sent
Major John H. Egan and Colonel
John Coffee from Washington as
commissioners, and they at first
ignored Lefore, supposing he was
an ordinary "squaw man.. After
several weeks of unsuccessful nego-
tiation with other members of the
tribe, however, they saw their mis-.
take made ample apologies to him
and begged that he would partici-
pate in the deliberations. He tolG
them that if they would permit hin
to manage the matter he would have
the treaty signed in two days, which
he did, and one of the stipulation!
was that a tract Of $4,000 acre:
should be reserved for his own US,
and occupancy. A similar tract wa
reserved for two other chiefs, Nut
ackachie and Mushulatubbe. Thi
was not uncommon, however. Whe,
the Chickasaws ceded their lands il
The commonwealth. (Greenwood, Miss.) 1896-1923, 1905-04-22

Business is so fourishing in The
Commonwealth Office that it requires
the services of an expert mathemati-
clan to hold the paper down to twelve
pages. There is no objection, OF
course, to printing more pages ex-
cept that the force is kept hustling
always in getting out large quanti-
ties of the finest job printing ever
known in this part of Mississippi.
If you are not on our list of delight
ed customers come in and be enrolled
and let us make the deal mutually
beneficial.
The commonwealth. (Greenwood, Miss.) 1896-1923, 1905-04-22

The folks down to Greenwood,
Miss, air agoin' to throw dice next
Tuesday to see whether they will
fill up the mud holes in the streets
er not fill 'em up. AS old Shakes
peer says, That is the question, to
be or not to be-" Now, we haint
bin to Greenwood sence the time we
had the fight ov u life with a
Choctaw Indian over who should
pay fer the drinks, him O. another
Teller. That fight caused the pee
pull to vote ticker clean out of the
town and county, therefore we have
not had emmy more bizness there
sence. But we air bound to allow
that eff them streets air as muddy
as they used to wuz, we air puzzled
to know how the society gifts hold Of
enuff mummy to keep its boots
BACKED. There is one thing shore
and that is, Greenwood will never
git u trade till she has good streets
and emmy kind ov ticker.
Free Press Correspondence to Thu
Commonwealth.
The commonwealth. (Greenwood, Miss.) 1896-1923, 1905-04-22
The Facts in the Case.

On next Tuesday the people OF
the city will have to say by their
votes whether they want the streets
paved, or left as they area repul-
sive sight, when muddy, to all
strangers who may happen to
see them. There is nothing that
will cause the average man to more
quickly decide against putting his
capital into a town than poor and
lily kept streets.
There is no doubt that the tax
rate of Greenwood is too high now,
and when a prospective citizen
comes to town and goes to cast
about him for information he i'm
mediately takes a long breath when
he learns the rate, is told Of the in
debtedness and finds mud holes in
stead of streets. He could better I'M
derstand the why" of the condition
if the streets were as they r in
nearly ever other good town in the
country. Be he soon comes to the
natural conclusion that something
somewhere is wrong and commences
the crawfshing process towards the
depot. The. Commonwealth has
seen several instances Of this within
the past few months, and it will
ever be until the streets are paved,
the tax rate fixed within a living
basis, and a program arranged along
the lines of the strictest economy.
The Commonwealth breaches for
the greatest good to the greatest
number; let the rich give all they
desire to the railroads and other out
of-town corporations, but still we
shall believe that if one-half the
amount the railroad wants were Civ.
en- to buying mill sites and locations
for small enterprises that really
want to come to town, or If the
amount were given to paving one
street or to the scheme of building
mile of street car line, it would b.
better for all Of the people of Green
wood.
The commonwealth. (Greenwood, Miss.) 1896-1923, 1905-04-22

French bric-a-brac and clocks and
the walls were hung with costly
paintings selected by this Choctaw
chief during his frequent visits to
Europe. LAHORE called his home
"Malmaison', after the retreat of the
Empress Josephine in the forest east
of Paris.
LeAore died in 1872. The house
is now occupied by his grand-daugh-
ter, an accomplished woman, and is
kept up in good style. 1t suffered
no damage during the a Meth
er army went that way, and the fam
lily were left undisturbed. LAHORE
himself took no part in the rebel
lion, although for years he was a
member of the Mississippi senate.
The state has perpetuated his mem
DRY by giving the county in which
he lived his name. Beneath his por-
trait in oil, which hangs in the most
conspicuous place in the mansion,
is a swoard and belt, presented to
him bv President jackson and a
medal of silver presented to his
predecessor, the chief of the Choc-
taws, by Thomas Jefferson, as q
pledge of peace between the United
States and that tribe of Indians
There are several other interesting
historical relics retained by the fam
lily, and it is their proudest boas
that Malmaison has never lost it.
reputation for luxury and hospital
ty. It is true that it is one of tn
very few old southern homes still
owned and occupied by the famil!
that built it and kept up in the ante
bellum style.
There is a decided difference o
The commonwealth. (Greenwood, Miss.) 1896-1923, 1905-04-22

So far as Col. W. S. Barry OF Green
wood, is concerned he has not said
anything about becoming a candl-
date for Congress from this district.
And he has not said that he would
not enter the race. But there are
those who would be delighted to see
him announce himself, and they be-
lieve furthermore, that he could
get the nomination with small Ell
fort.
The commonwealth. (Greenwood, Miss.) 1896-1923, 1905-04-22

Today we print a sketch of the
life of Greenwood Leflore, Chief OF
Choctaws, together with a good pic
ture of the old man. It is no doubt
the first picture eve printed In
this country of the man for whom
both this city and county r named.
The commonwealth. (Greenwood, Miss.) 1896-1923, 1905-04-22

The body of John Paul Jones has
been found in Paris, after having
been lost for more than a century
When it is brought to this country
it should be placed beside those OF
Dewey and Schley, who are just as
dead, to all intents and purposes.
The commonwealth. (Greenwood, Miss.) 1896-1923, 1905-04-22

Sheriff Poag, who was murdered
last week while defending a murder
er in Jail at Senatobia, may have
been a brave official and a martyr.
But he is dead. And the inscrip-
ton on his tomb stone will not pro-
vide any revenue to his family.
The commonwealth. (Greenwood, Miss.) 1896-1923, 1905-04-22

We can tell by reading the editor
ials in both of the rival Memphis
papers that neither of the editors
has been killed yet. But there are
those who will say that both of them
should be.
The commonwealth. (Greenwood, Miss.) 1896-1923, 1905-04-22

The Greater Nicksburg and Ma
tional Park edition of the Vicksburg
American, consisting of f~orty-eight
pages, has been distributed. 1t was
indeed a big undertaking and well
executed. If it does not help Vicks-
burg it will be because that city does
not deserve to be helped.