davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1905-11-16
FRIED ON ONE SIDE
FOR A QUICK MEAL.
Little Tales Cut Short In a
Hurry,
a MIRROR OF DAILY EVENTS
Happenings in the City and Suburbs
of Local Inter st to Be Perused
Over While Mullins and Coffee are
Cooling.

Waterman's Ideal and Waterman
automatic, self~filling fountain pens tC
suit all who write. NJ S. HOLIDAY.
A three-handed fight, in which two
white men and a negro figured last
night, will be investigated in police
court today.
The decline in cotton yesterday shut
up the market as tight as clam shell
Holders will not sell when the price il
forced down.
The city seemed trife dull yester-
day as compared with the day before,
when circus thousands literally jammed
the streets here.
1t is just two weeks from this morn
ing until we carve the turkey and give
thanks; that is, if we can ever get a
line upon the turk.
A rifed valise was found yesterday
near the Central depot. It contained
papers belonging to a revenue officer
in nearby town.
Four Macon drummers left Americus
yesterday to go home and vote for
mayor. Two were for Judge Miller and
two for Bridges Smith.
Americus still enjoys the floods of
sunshine given her daily There seems
to be no end to the good old summer
time here in Georgia
Mr.. Luther Manship, under auspices
of the Alkahest Lyceum, will entertain
Delightfully."- an audience at the opera
house this evening.
Another large audience at the tenn
perauce tent last night heard DIR. Tracy
lecture and witnessed the display of
stereopticon pictures.
Tt is only ten days now until the
aldermanlc election. In the meanwhile
the able voter will size up the runners
and pick the winners.
No further details were received here
yesterday concerning the tragic death
of Mr.. John Pendley from the acciden-
tai discharge of his pistol.
Mr.. w. q. Page, with the EIdridge
Drugstores, has successfully passed the
examination by the state board and is
granted license as apothecary.
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1905-11-16
COME FOR A VISIT
OR ELSE GO AWAY,
Those Who Come and Leave
Daily.
VISITORS AT AMERlcus Ho~Es
Your Own Name or That of a Friend
May Be Found Below in The Lengthy
List of People Who Game and Went
Yesterday.

The latest style of engraved cards
and Wedding invitatic ms at Bells, tie
j9weler.
Mrs A. O. Rose has returned to Car
tersville after visit of few days in
Americas,
Mr. @. s. Patton was among others
coming from Savannah to Americus
yesterday.
Mr. Marshall Martin has returned
home from business trip of few days
IN Savannah,
Mr.. G. L. Croxton was among others
from Plains in the city yesterday morn
ing on business.
Mr.. M. d. Burney of Atlanta was in
the city yesterday, coming with others
from the capital
Mr., j. A. MoDougal of DeLand Fla
was in the city yesterday, a guest of
the Allen House.
Mr., G. M. BuntIey of Atlanta was
registered among the arrivals at The
Windsor yesterday.
Capt. w. W. Dews came down from
Forsyth yesterday upon matters of bus
mess IN Americus
Mr.. Frank w. Smith, we'll known
Albanian, came up to Americus yes
terday on business.
Mr.. W. w. Lockhart of Columbus
was a business visitor in Americus
yesterday morning.
Messrs John A Perdue and G. L.
Crandall were among the Atlantans at
The Windsor yesterday.
Miss Ruth Taylor, pretty aud pop
ular young lady of Buena Viste, is
visiting Americus friends.
Mics Carrie speer has returned
1ome from a visit of week to Miss
Mary Cranberry in Atlanta.
Mr. a. T. Porter leaves Friday for
West Point, Miss. where he will be en-
gagged in the cotton business for several
weeks.
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1905-11-16
LlNCOLN'S FOREFATHERs.
A Strain of Tragedy Runs Through
Their History.


Abraham Lincolns forcfathers were
pioneers-men who left their homes to
open up the wilderness and make the
way plain for others to follow them.
For 10 years, ever since the first
American Lincoln came from England
to Massachusetts, in 1858, they had
been moving slowly westward as new
settlements were made in the forest
They faced solitude, privation and all
the dangers and hardships that beset
men who take up their homes where
only beasts and wild men have had
homes before, but they continued to
press steadily forward, though they
lost fortune and sometimes even life
itself in their westward progress.
Back in Pennsylvania and New Jer-
sey some of the Lincolns had been men
of wealth and influence In Kentucky,
where the future president was born
on Feb. u, 1909, his parents lived in
deep poverty. Their home was a small
log cabin of the rudest kind, and moth
ing seemed more unlikely than that
their ~child, coming into the world in
Cut1 huluDIC WAS u6S-
tined to be the greatest man of his
time. True to his race, he also was to
be a pioneer, not, indeed. like his an
cestors, a leader into now woods and
uneXplored fields, but a pioneer of a
nobler and grander sort, directing the
thoughts of men ever toward the right
and leading the American people
through difficulties and dangers and a
mighty war to peace and freedom.
The story of this wonderful man be
gins and ends with tragedy, for his
grandfather, also named Abraham, was
killed by shot from an Indians rifle
while peaceably at work with his three
sons on the edge of their frontier clear
ing. Eighty-one years later the presi-
dent himself met death by an assas-
sins bullet The murderer of one was
a savage of the forest; the murderer Of
the other that far more cruel thing, a
savage of civilization.-St. Nicholas.
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1905-11-16
HOW A BADGER WORKS.
Can Excavate Almost as Rapidly as
a Man With a Spade.

Can Excavate Almost as Rapidly as
a Man With a Spade.
During the day the badger sleeps
deep in his burrow, far out on our
western plains and prairies, and at twi-
light he starts forth ON a nights forag-
ing He is a dreaded enemy of the
prairie dog and the ground squirrel,
and when he begins to excavate for one
nothing but solid rock or death can
stop him.
With the long, blunt claws of his fore
feet he loOsens up the dirt. Dig, dig,
dig! He works as though his life de-
pended on it, now scratching out the
sides Of the hole, then turning on his
back to work overhead.
At first he throws the dirt out be-
tween his hind legs, but soon he is too
far down for that, so he banks it up
back Of him, then turns about and u.s.
ing his chest and forward parts as a
pusher shoves it out before him.
He works with such rapidity that it
would be somewhat difficult for a man
to overtake him with a spade.-St.
Nicholas.
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1905-11-16
Smiths Majority SO Votes
Herb w. Edwards Injured.

Herb W. Edwards of Des MONIES,
Iowa, got fall ON an icy walk last win
ter, sprainlng his wrist and bruising
his knees. 1.-THE next day." he says,
"thay were sore and stiff was afraid I
would have to stay in bed, but rubbed
them well with Chamberlain's Pain
Balm and after few applications all
soreness had disappeared. 1 ssteel that
this bottle of Pain Balm saved me sew
eral days time, to say nothing of the
suffering" This linlment is for sale
by all druggists.
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1905-11-16
PROPERTIES or GLYCERlN.
Decomposes if Heated Intensely ana
CrystaIIizes if Frozen.

DecOmposes if Heated Intensely ana
CrystaIIizes if Frozen.
One of the great advantages OF glyc-
erin in it's chemical employment is the
fact that it neither freezes nor evap-
crates under any ordinary temperature.
No perceptible loss by evaporation mas
been detected at temperature less
Than oOO degrees F., but If heated IN
tenseIy it decomposes with a s1nen
that few persons find themselves aple
70 andure 1t burns with pale hame,
similar to that from alcohol, if heated
To about 300 degrees and then lgnlted'
It's nonevaporative qualities make the
comnound of much use as a vehicle TOT
holding pigments and cOlors, as III
stamping and typewriter RIBBONS car
bon papers and the like
If the pure glycerin be exposed FOR
Iono time to a freezing temperature 1t
crystallizes with the appearance Oh
sugar candy. but these crystals beihg
onca melted it is almost an lmpossl-
hilitv to get them again into the con
,oaIad state. If little water be ADD
cd TO the glycerin no crystalllzatioh
will take place, though under sum
Gent degree of cold the water WIN
senarate and form crystals, amid which
the glycerin will remain in its natural
state of fiuidity If suddenly subject
cd to intense cold pure glycerln VIII
form a gummy mass which cannot pc
entirely hardened or crystallized. Al
IA,,o,, - 10 n11ite q peculiar SUB
stance.
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1905-11-16
FLATTERlNG RULERS.
'"eIr N"Hj. Points Pass UnnOticed.
Nn-.Lenn-a NnrIEsmnnship.

'"elr N"Hi. Points Pass UnnOticed.
NaHuleon's Narl1smnnship.
Na.ers have always been fiattered,
to~ laMu,a.s time downward, it be-
ny IT. would seem. an unwritten law
.~' ua.ech's weak points should
S S"., a-lg4iEed. Napoleon III. once
~ +1'G' " oaas1l.ug a friend who CHANGED
ge Shouting with him for his poor
1'"IAsla. -.Eu.
No., wv a""t not fret about it, The en-
r ' y .eh he meant his uncle, the
g ..0 -',..Uu H. was even a worse
n. .' ,-.A .JG are. The only time they
hon.. -'- !" lis hand he killed a poor
lin ''I a.-. went away thinking he had
b..- 4'.. lays the stag. whenever
ne, 'S". ID hay. was left for the en-
arr To E.. One day, however, the
ns. .''' Was not to be found, and the
m.. Oh ,aa >taghounds finished the
ar ,-.Dal with his knife Just then the
r gT''f came iu sight.
n IAey hWr.cdIy got the dead stag on
etc - broppjng it up with branches
bra ''l e handed the emperor the cara
emn.. VI h2lor' rs it was called. The
hmEl,, Afel and of course the stag
ae,o over. but at the same time
aq was a piteous whine from one or
urons, -'.ts. which had been shot
mug. gr the head
cODsof,t emperor wheeled around, IN
sayino, Oh the mischief he had done,
After 10 one of the aids-de-camp'
~s Dreteudp" 40 a. W
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1905-11-16
For Rent Six-room house on Fur
low street. Apply 80 Furlow street or
Buchanan & Bro. 15-6
Where Happiness Is Found

Cont lookIfor trueh appiness in the man
s1ons of the veryS rich, where high-priced
physicians are called in to dcctorE every all
ment. uBut seekEit and find 1t, too, in the COM
Portable home of the middle-classes and so
called poor, where Green's August Flower is
always used to keep the family heaIthy---to
cure all stomach troubles, whether indtges-
ton, dyspepsia, constipation, loss of appe
tite, bilious attacks or torpid liver, Trial
bottle August Flower, s25c. Big bottle roc, At
all druggists.
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1905-11-16
Mans Unreasonab leness

is often as great as woman's. But
Thos. S. Austin, Mgr. of the sRepub-
lican." of Leavenworth, Ind, was not
unreasonable, when he refused to allow
the doctors to operate on his wife, Tor
female trouble, Instead" he says,
we concluded to try Electric BItters.
My wife was then so sick, she could
hardly leave her bed, and five (5) physi-
cians had failed to relieve. After taxi
ing Electric Bitters, she was perfectly
cured, and can now perform all her
household duties" Guaranteed by the
Eldrldge drugtores. Price SOC.
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1905-11-16
No Poison in Chamberlain's Cough
Remedy.

From Napier New Zealand, Herald
Two years ago the Pharmacy Board of
New South Wales, Australia, had an
analysis made of all the cough medi
cines that gwere sold in that market
Out of the entire list they found only
one that they declared was entirely fire e
from all poisons. This exception was
Chamberlain's Cough Remedy, made
by the Chamberlain Medicine Com
pany, Des Moines, Iowa, U. S. A. The
absence of all narcotic ma4es this RENE
dy the safest and best that can be had
and it is with feeling of security that
any mother can give it to her little
ones. Chamberlain's Cough Remedy
is especially recommended by its max :
ers for coughs, colds, group and whoop-
ing cough. When taken in time it pre-
vents pneumonia. This remedy is for
ale by all druggists.
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1905-11-16
When You Have a Bad Cold.

You want remedy that will not only
give quick relief but effect permanens
cure.
You want remedy that will relieve
the lungs and keep expectorarion easy.
You want remedy that will counter
act any tendency towards pneumonia.
You want remedy that is pleasant
and safe to take.
Chamberlains Cough Remedy meets
all OF these requirements and for the
speedy and permanent cure of bad colds
stands without peer. For sale by all
druggists
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1905-11-16
The Exact Thing Eequired For Con
stipatl0n.

GAS certain purgative and stomach
purifier Chamberlain's Stomach and
Liver Tablets seem to be the exact
thing required, strong enough for the
most robust, yet mild enough and safe
for children and without that terrible
gripping so common to most purgatives, .
says R S Webster & Co, Udora, On
tario, Canada. For sale by all drug
Qists.
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1905-11-16
WANT WILLIAMS AS DIRECTOR
Movement to Place Him on Equitable
Board.

A movement is on foot for the pur.
pose of securing the election of John
SHELTON Williams, formerly president
of the Seaboard Air Line Railway, as
one OF the directors of The reorganized
Equitable Life Assurance Society. Pc
titions are being circulated among
business men in Richmond and on be-
ing signed they will be sent to other
Southern cities.
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1905-11-16
a Disastrous Calamity.

1t is disastrous calamity, when you
lose you health, because indigestion and
constipation have Slapped it away.
Prompt relief can be had in DR.. King e
New Life Pills: They build up your
digestive organs, and cure headache,
dizziness, collie, constipation, etc. Guar
antyed at the Eldridge drugstores; csc
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1905-11-16
MANsHIP TO LECTURE TONIGHT
OratoricaI Feast Is EAssured Lyceum
Attendants,

The appearance of Mr.. Luther Man
ship at the opera house tonight under
auspices of the Lyceum will attract a
large and sppreciatIve audience there.
Mr.. Manship does not really lecture in
the full meaning of that term, but his
gifts as humorist and story teller
willgcombine to renderR can Evening
With Manship' an occasion long to be
pleasantly remembered. He looks
upon the bright side of life always, and
in flights of fancy, melting pathos or
sidesplitting laughter he is the artist
without peer on the American plat
form.
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1905-11-16
HERMAN CARRIED TO cuTHsERr
Young Man III Here Taken Away BY
Parents.

Accompanied by his parents Mr. John
Herman, the young man taken to the
hospital week ago for treatment, was
carried yesterday to his former home
in Cuthbert to be nursed back to health.
Mr.. Hermau's case has created much
interest among his friends here, who
hope fer his recovery.
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1905-11-16
DR.. DoDsoN is NOW CHAIRMAN
Is Elected Head State Board of
Pharmacy,

hGtUtaEYg
DR.. j. g. Dodson returned to Amer
ems yesterday from Atlanta where ho
attended the meeting of the S ate
board of Pharmacy, of which he has
been valued mem Der for several years.
At this meeting DR.. Dodson was ac-
corded the high honor of election to
the Craftsmanship of the State Board,
and enjoys the further distinction of
being the youngest man in the Unite d
States holding a similar position. DR..
Dodson has rendered excellent service
during the years he has served upon
the board of Pharmacy, and bis friends
are gratifed at this manifestation of
esteem and confidence upon the part of
his co-laborers. Dr. George F. Payne,
of Atlanta, who has been chairman of
the board for several years, was elected
secretary for the coming year.
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1905-11-16
STRONG EVIDENCE OF FAITH.
y. G. Dodson Guarantee That Hyomei
VIII Cure the Worst Case Of catarrE
in Amencus,


When one of the most reputable drug
gIsts in Americas guarantees that
medicine will effect cure or he will
refund the money. it speaks volumes as
to the merits of that remedy. It iein
this way that Dodson's Pharmacy ia
selling Hyomei, the treatment that has
made SO many cures of both acute and
chronic cases of catarrh in AmerIcus
and vicinity.
Hyomei is not pill, nor is it LIQUID
To at has to be taken with a tabIes,;uon
or wineglass just breathe 1t by the
aid OF an inhaler that comes with every
outfit, and benefit will be seen fro n the
first treatment.
The complete Hyomei outfit costs but
81. 90, and includes an inhaler. drorper
and sufficient Hyom7i for Sc ysral week.
treatment.
RENE Der that II Hyomei does NOT
cure you, Docs 9p's Pharmacy will re-
fund your money. Tnis is a good time
to cure catarrh by the natural method
md prevent catarrhal colds that are so
common at this season.
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1905-11-16

Some people who have been there
think that the Chinese in this country
might do worse things than to 90
home and launder the streets of their
native land.
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1905-11-16
BEARS BITE THE BULLS BADLY
Taurus Turned Tail at GrlzzIy's At
tack.

tack.
The cotton bulls fed from the arena
yesterday at the bear onslaught and
left the field to the grizzlies. Futures
tumbled twenty to forty points, and
even at the cloee the gain was very
slight. Americus buyers express the
belief that the worst Is over now, and
that the situation will clear up bit,
In the local market yesterday 100 tc
1Oi cents might have been paid, but
sellers made no offerings of cotton al
present prices and will hold firmly fol-
the advance which should and will
come shortly.
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1905-11-16
LIVERPOOL

Liverpool, Nov. 15.-The cotton mar
ket opened firm and closed steady
Spots, Middling upland 5.94d.
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1905-11-16

Zorene, new chemical compound,
will, it is said, double the life of met
ais exposed to the air, such as bridges
vessels, tanks and the like.
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1905-11-16

The steel in the modern bandsaw is
of finer quality and will stand rougher
usage than the far-famed Damascus
blade of the ancients.
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1905-11-16
STATE OF ONO, CRY OF TOLEDO,

STATE OF ONO, Cry OF TOLEDO, -
LUCAS COUNTY.
Frank j. Chene ymakes oath that he
is senior partner of the firm of F. j.
Cheney &, Co, doing business in the
City of Toledo, County and State afore-
said, and that said firm will pay the
sum of ONE HUNDRED DOLLARS
for each and every case of Catarrh that
cannot be cured by the use of Halls
Catarrh Cure. FRANK j. CHENEY.
Sworn to before me and subscribed
in my presence, this 6 h, day of Decem-
Der A. d. 1886.
A. w. GLEASON
(SEAL) NOTARY PUBLIC.
Hairs CatRrrh Cure is taken internal
ly, and acts directly on the blood and
mucous surfaces of the system. Send
for testimonials free.
F. j. CHENEY & CO., Toledo, o.
Sold by Druggists. 75c.
Take Halls Family Pills for consti-
patton.
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1905-11-16
NEW YORK.

New York, Nov. 15.-spot; Mlddling
II. 05, market quiet. Contracts open
ed steady and closed steady at the fol-
lowing prices:
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1905-11-16
AN N 0 JUDGEMENTS

FL L herewith announce myself a candidate
citauc primary on 28th inst and will anne
SlaLe the support of my friends and all
democratic voters of the city. Respectfni.
j. s. BOLTON.
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1905-11-16

You often hear of crime waves, and
If you look about you will notice that
it still waves.
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1905-11-16

William Penn is doubtless pleased if
he has read the returns from Philadel-
phia.
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1905-11-16
SMITH SEEMS WELL IN FRONT

In MayoraIty Contest in Macon Yes
terday.
From reports received in Americas
last night over the long distance wires
from Macon it appeared that Mayor
Bridges Smith was far in the lead in the
mayoralty race At 10 O'Clock the vote
in three of the four wards had been
connted and Mayor Smith had a
lead of $50 votes over Judge Miller.
The count in the one remaining ward
would scarcely change the result to
any extent.
Smiths Majority 80 Votes
Later; At 1870 o'clock last night
the complete count of the votes cast
showed a majority of SO for Smith.
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1905-11-16

The Irish bogs, it is stated, could
produce fifty million tons of peat q
year for one thousand years.
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1905-11-16

announce herewith my candidacy for
Amer1cus at the primary election on astb
INST ana ask the support of my friends and
voters generally. Respectfully,
@. j. SHERLOCK.
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1905-11-16
COTTON MARKET.
Corrected Daily by l.. c. Council
Warehouse and commission
Merchant.
ur market yesterday was easy.
RECEIPTS.

Reed yesterday by~wagon. 76 b'les
' previously +" GO 26,124 "
Total receipts by wagon, 26, 200
Total receipts by rail -. 10. 1898 "
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1905-11-16

Main Springs, 81. Bell, the leweler.
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1905-11-16

,ea am candidate tor reelection to the
orsffc 0 MAJ, Alderman the forthcoming demo.
6 the support of all the voters therei,1.
Respectfully, ID M p iRTIW Tin'
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1905-11-16
SAVANNAH.

Savannah, Ga, Nov. 15.-Steady
Spo.s, middling liz cts.
Americus times-recorder. [volume] (Americus, Ga.) 1891-current, 1905-11-16

The latest style of engraved cards
and Wedding invitatic ms at Bells, tie
jaweler.
Rock Island Argus. (Rock Island, Ill.) 1893-1920, 1905-08-08
Last FareweIIto the Horse.

Thomas y. Edison announces thai af-
Ter two years of experimenting he is
finally satisfied with the merits of his
new storage battery, and that he will
at once begin the erection of a factory
10 manufacture the cells on a large
scale for the trade. This is the latest,
and while not the greatest of the wiz
ards many inventions, il is an accom-
plishment for which many electricians
have been striving many years. The
cell as now perfected will drive two
ton truck at a rate of 33 miles an
hour. with half the weight of the old
method.
A small dealer can operate a delivery
wagon with its power at IS per cent OF
the cost Of maintaining horse. An or
binary automobile will run 100 miles
under ordinary conditions without re
charging Under the most favorable
conditions $50 miles can be covered at
a speed OF 90 miles an hour, More than
these facts have been claimed for the
cell by others, but it was not until re-
Gently that Mr.. Edison himself would
even speculate as To the possibilities of
his new invention The Wizard has eX-
DSTlUlCDltN WIN l1,Vup Gems " perfect
one When he made his announcement
that he is finally satisfied with the re-
suits, he appeared TO be as happy as a
schoolboy ON long vacation, and now,
he says. he is going 10 play in the
woods
The storage cell is small and incased
in iron Instead of containing the old
lead plates of the original battery. it
contains alternate plates Of iron and
nickel. in potash I've solution.
Within a few weeks work will be
started on an immense factory building
in Orange. y. !. in which employment
will be given To several hundred per
sons. The building will be 600 feet
long. 60 feet wide and three stories
high.
The troubles in the battery | have
been trying for two years To remedy
have ben purely mechanical. said Mi
Edison. They have been greatly due
TO the swelling of the nickel element
I have succeeded in reducing the
weight OF the battery from 10 10 10
pounds per horse power. II has taken