River Falls journal. [volume] (River Falls, Pierce County, Wis.) 1872-2019, 1905-01-05

COVERED MILK PALS.
somewhat toward the side of the pail.
Another funnel, which is loose, fits in
side of the first one. When the pail is
TO be used few layers of clean cheese
cloth are placed across the opening of
The lower funnel and the loose funnel
is pushed in to hold the cheese cloth in
position. The whole apparatus is sim
pie in structure and can be easily
cleaned.
The method of the experiment was to
compare the amount of dirt in samples
from the two pals. In order to have the
conditions as nearly uniform as possible,
two COWS were chosen, which gave about
equal quantities Of milk, and required
about the same time to milk. These
COWS stood side by side in the stable, and
were MIXED by the same man each time.
On one day COW No. ! was MIXED into
the open pail and COW No. 2 into the COW
cred pail; and on the next day the order
was reversed, COW No. being MIXED
into the open pail and COW No. into the
covered pail.
The milk in each pail was then thor
oughly stirred and a sample taken and
tested for the amount of dirt it con-
tanned.
The amount of dirt in the milk from
the covered pail was only 81 per cent
of that in the open pail, while the amount
of dirt in the strained milk was 53.4 per
cent. of that in the milk not strained.
In other words, the cover excluded 63
per cent, while the strained removed
less than At per cent. The differences in
the two samples varied more widely in
the latter tests than in the former. In
the strained milk the amount of dirt re-
moved depended largely upon the nature
Of the dirt.
BY the use of the covered pail an av-
erage of 20 per cent of the total num-
Der of bacteria and Al per cent. of the
acid-producing bacteria were excluded
from the fresh milk. BY straining the
milk as soon as drawn into the ordinary
open pail an average of but II per cent.
of the total number of bacteria and II
per cent. of the producing species
were removed.
After the milk had stood for so hours,
at constant temperature of 70 degrees
F., the samples from the covered pail
contained a smaller number of bac-
terra in the majority of the tests than did
the samples from the open pail, yet the
covered pail sample frequently con-
tanned the larger number. In each test
the number of acid-producing bacteria
was smaller in the sample from the COW
cred pail. In the strained milk both the
total number of bacteria and the num-
Der of acid-producing bacteria were
larger than in the milk not strained.
While the data at hand will not war
rant any positive conclusions, yet it is
probable that the large numbers in the
strained milk are due to the rapid growth
of certain species not removed by
straining which are able to develop more
rapidly because of the removal of GER
tain species which if present would an
tagonize their growth.
The milk from the covered pail usual
ly curdled somewhat sooner than that
from the open pail, the average differ
ence being about seven hours; likewise
the strained milk in most cases curdled
sooner than the milk not strained the
average difference being also about seven
hours.
The fact that the keeping properties of
the milk were not increased is Of little
practical value, since the milk used in
these tests kept on the average nearly
az days. at constant temperature OF
70 degrees before curdling. This means
that it would have kept for about five
days had it been kept at the usual tenn
peratuFe for handling and marketing
milk This is considerably longer than
milk is ordinarily required to keep.
The results Of these tests indicate that
the covered pail is much more efficient
for the production Of pure milk than is
the straining of milk drawn into an open
pail 1t is quite evident, also, that to
keep the dirt out of the milkin the first
place is much better than to strain it
out after the milking. A considerable
portion of the dirt dissolves quickly in
the warm milk, and thus introduces a
contamination that cannot be strained
out
These tests were made in a. dairy
where the conditions Of cleanliness are
good, as is shown by the small quantities
of dirt found even in milk from the open
pail. The use of the covered pail would
doubtless prove to be even more efficient
where the conditions were not so good.