davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1905-04-16
THE ARAB HORSE.
scientists Making an Investigation
Into Its Origin.

According to United States Consul Hal
stead at Birmingham, British scientists are
engaged In an investigation of the origin of
thoroughbred and Arab horses. A recent
report to the British Museum said that tbe
skull of horse from India showed a slight
depression in front of the eyes, evidently
representing the pit for the face gland dixie
that of DEER, which existed in the ex
tinct three-toed hipparions or primitive
horses, and that a similar depression had
been noticed in the skulls of the racers
Stockwell, Ben dor, Eclipse, Orlando and
Hermit, and Is said to have existed in a
rudimentary condition in the fossil true
horses of India.
This popularity is said to be lacking in
the skulls of horses from the drift and tur-
barry of Europe. In other words, this face
gland rudfment exists in the skulls of all
thoroughbred and Arab horses that have
been examined and Is absent in those of
European horses. This has suggested the
presumption that the Arab and the thor
oughbred have an origin quite apart from
the horses of western Europe, presumably
from an eastern form, related to the fossil
horses of India.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1905-04-16
A PRINCESS FUNERAL.
Road Made for the Procession and Tenn,
pie Built. -

From the London Graphic.
The crown princess of Korea had been
dead a month before her funeral took
place. During the interval road was
made, seven miles out of the city, and a
temple was built to hold the body. AS the
procession left the palace gates some of the
mourners, according to ancient custom.
tried to stop the coffin by pushing back
the bearers who IN their turn steadily
drove forward. The idea of this is to show
regret at the passing of the body, while
the memorable power of DEATH overcom-
ing all opposition, holds its way. During
this commotion the priest, on each end Of
the platform holding the bier, urged the
bearers with a long pole, the end of which
was painted red. In accordance with an.
cent custom the pole was dipped in pot
of red paint, and those bearers who neg
lected their work received a dab Of red
on their white garments, and at the end of
the day those bearing the marks were pun
iShed.
Funerals in Korea are always supposed
to take place at night, and to keep up this
supposition men carrying long gauZe Ian
terms small poles run by the side of tha
coffin and line the route at the start.
Curious and wonderful are the ancient cps-
tunes which make their appearance on
such occasions. Their beauty is not shown
to advantage by their wearers as they are
the poorest of horSemen. Even holding on
to the saddle with both hands is not suf-
ficient guarantee of safety, but they must
have two grooms to walk by the head OF
their tiny mounts to prevent accidents In
the procession which takes the whole day
to pass, chairs containing figures OF
devils. Great paper horses, hideous In ap-
pearance, accompany the collins, presuma-
bly, that the deceased may have a mount
in the other land. There are two collins.
the one in this instance contained the body
of the princess, the other being intended TO
deceive the evil spirits. AT the graveside,
in a covered temple, the women OF the
palace in ancient costumes howl and moan
the night through, their wa1ling risirS
above all other sounds.
The princess funeral, as whole, appear
ed more like a page from the Arabian
Nights than anything else. Notwith-
standing the empty Golfers of the Korean
ministry the sum of something like one mill
lion yen was expended on this funeral
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1905-04-16

ments accordingly. The messenger sees
that they are carefully packed and put on
the rail- and accompanies them as far as
Paris, where the British embassy takes
charge of them. He does not return empty
handed. 1t may be that on the journey
home he has in his charge, in addition to
documents, another yanload of gifts. These
are taken to the foreign Office, whence they
are distributed to the king and queen and
other members of the royal family for
whom they are intended.
On all these journeys. which, as may be
imagined, are varied, the messengers are
met by representatives of the British en-
bassies. They are Immediately recognized
by certain badge. The messengers know
their way about, for all are excellent lin
gusts; but the badge is necessary and
serves its purpose, in that. crowded
platforms, with passengers rushing to the
exits, it hastens Identification. and there
fore saves time for in the case of dis
patch-bearers 1t frequently happens that
expedition is Of the utmost Importance.
1t is a singular fact and worthy of being
recorded here that no matter how strained
have been the relations between Great
Britain and neighboring countries, the mes
sengers, whether they be special treaty
ones or those carrying ordinary dispatches,
have never been interfered with. They have
not, however, been without their adven-
lures.
While messengers have escaped rough
usage, there are instances on record Of
| their having been Swallowed. Every Euro
pean government has a certain number Of
spies in its employment. The kings mes
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1905-04-16

Saturday is field day. when everything
about the building and shops must be
cleaned and made shipshape, all ready for
inspection and muster at IL o'clock Sunday
morning. Sunday is day of rest, except
for muster in the morning. AS stated, each
watch has every other night ashore. The
class at present at the navy yard numbers
about $50 men. These men are divided into
eight sections, with two subjects per day
for each section. There are sixteen sub
jects, and there is an instructor for each
two sections The tasks set the men In the
machine shops are varied in extreme, some
times taking the form of spare parts of
guns, revolvers or other pieces of ordnance,
and at other times fancy articles to show
proficiency in handling metals. The Office
of the executive of the school contains quite
an assortment of articles that have been
made by the students from time to time,
some of which are very pretty.
The staff of the school at present includes
Gunner Kali, executive; c. Moran. chief
master at arms; Chief Gunners' Mates g..
Casseen, e. Beakes, J. Sperle, R. M O'Con-
nor .. b. Taylor, W. Taylor. W. Hender-
son, +. Il. Meredith, HI. Reik and j. F. Car
mody, instructors; T. J. Hall, chief woman
and L. H. Dyer. chief yeoman.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1905-04-16

given for excellence At the end of the
course here the marks received by the
men each week are summed up and a gen.
eral average taken. If the man has passed
with an average Of 80 in all branches,
study, journal and task he is trans
ferred to Newport for completion of the
course. If he does not attain a mark of
80, he Is sent back to the general service
According to the navy regulations men with
good records, having average mark in
ordnance taken from enlistment record, Of
not less than 10 per cent, who are recon-
mended by their commanding officers are
eligible, on re-enlistment, for detail for in
struction as seaman gunners. Men who
have successfully completed a course for
seaman gunners may be given certificate
to that effect, and are entitled to receive
additional pay at the rate of two dollars
per month.
The seaman gunner's school was estab-
lished In 1882. and the first class included
only seven men. The makeup of this first
class is of interest to the District because
one of the members of that class, Chief
Gunner William Walsh, is a Washington
man. and is at present on duty at the navy
yard here. His rank is the highest pos
sible for a warrant officer. and corresponds
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1905-04-16
KINGS MESSENGERS
DUTIES OF DISPATCH BEARERS OF
ENGLISH MONARCH.

From Casseli's Journal.
There is group of state servants about
whom the general reading pubic knows
very little, for the reason that they are
rarely seen, and go about their work with
still tongues and apparently stealthy steps.
They are the nations emissaries known as
kings messengers. These men are not, as
their title would seem to imply, exclusively
attached to the sovereigns person. Though
they bear his majestys messages, carry
dispatches from the palace to the various
government Offices and from London to the
capitals of Europe. they are really servants
Of the country. and represent SO to speak,
a necessary cog in the machinery Of admin
istra ton.
There are nine kings special foreign SER
vice messengers. In addition to those at
tached to the home service. The foreign
service messengers are carefully picked
men, generally from army officers. edu-
Gated and with characters for integrity.
The salary attached to the post Is from
ESQ to a400, and they are allowed 81 a
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1905-04-16

sengers are well aware of this fact. and it
is ever present with them during their jour-
neys. They are always on the alert when
they meet an affable. loquacious and cum
ningly inquisitive man in a railway carriage
on foreign railway. The work Of foreign
messengers is much easier now than it was
during the early Victorian era. That pc
Rod suggests tedious journeys made by
mail coach-journeys attended with discom-
fort and danger. But now. thanks to the
growing amity which marks international
relations. many important dispatches hith-
erto carried by messengers are intrusted to
the ordinary postal service. The tendency,
in fact Is to curtail the cost of the special
messenger service, and recently fresh ar
rangements were made, the effect of which
has been to materially simplify the method
of transmitting important documents be-
tween London and Paris at any rate But
there will always be special foreign service
messengers who will be required to make
periodical journeys to Berlin, st. Peters,
burg, Vienna and other European capitals.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1905-04-16

a journal and is marked in accordance with
his showing In the journal, which embraces
all the useful informa ton he has. found in
his studies and in his work in the shops.
During the first three days of the week
the men are in the shops at work Each is
set a task which means that each is re-
quired to make some part of a gun or re-
volver. For this purpose there Is sea-
mans machine shop fitted up for the gun
ners, having all kinds of machinery with
which guns and gun parts are made.
Mechanics are present to instruct the men
and the result is that finished work is
turned over to the school where mark is
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1905-04-16

with the lowest grade of commissioned Of
ficer. Mr.. Walsh graduated first in his
class. The other members of the class were
John J. Fitzgerald w. c. Montgomery, II.
r. Yewell, August Gross, w. J. McSparren
and Timothy Sullivan. They entered the
school March l. 1852. at Newport, r. L.. on
known as the gunnery training ship Capt.
J. H ellis was commanding officer of the
Newport school at that time. They COM
pleted their course at the navy yard here.
Commander John A. Howell. inspector of
ordnance, was then in command. The Com
mander Howell of that day is now Rear
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1905-04-16

are placed at regular intervals throughout
the room the students go through the theo-
retical part of their course and make up
their journals. About the wall of these
rooms are brass plates, on which are the
names of every man who ever attended the
school. The plate for the first class 1882
shows but seven names; that for the class
of 1904 more than two hundred. On the left
of this study hall is the mess room with
the long tables for the students. The DOR
mitories are on the second floor and the Of
fees are on the right and left of the en-
trance on the first floor
The routine of the navy is kept up in the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1905-04-16
Not a New Theory.

That there is nothing new in the recently
exploited theory that malarial fever is
transmitted by mosquitoes is shown by
a statement made by Sir A. ]. Blake at a
recent meeting of the Asiatic Society that
Singhalese medical books of the sixth GEN.
fury record sixty-seven varieties of mos
quitoes and 424 kinds of malarial fever
caused by mosquitoes. Above Is reported
to the State Department by United States
Consul Halstead at Birmingham, England.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1905-04-16

In discussing the navy as career for
young men Secretary Paul Morton recently
wrote:
1T is probably true that there has never
in the past been a time, except during peri
DDS of actual war, when the opportunity for
rapid promotion was so certain as it is now
to bright, intelligent young men
In this brief statement Mr.. Morton sums
up the whole situation as it exists in the
navy today. Such situation has not ex-
listed in the United States navy for almost
century. Boys who enter as enlisted men,
come in through the hawse hole have
chance to secure commissions and be-
come occupants of the cabins. 1t is the
popular belief that there is no way to be-
come an officer of the navy except through
the Naval Academy at Annapolis. Until
recently this has been true. There are a
few officers on the active list who came in
during the civil war as volunteers and re-
manned in the regular service after the close
of the war. but since that time, until very
recently, there has been absolutely no
chance for intelligent enlisted men to OBJ
tain commissions. But the progress that
has marked the last few years of naval
history brought with it a new order of
things. The enlisted man now stands an
excellent chance of becoming an officer, If
he has the intelligence and is able to stick
to it, after he once gets started
1t is far more difficult to get into the cabin
via the hawse hole than through the Naval
Academy, however, and it takes a longer
time The bright lad who is lucky enough
to secure an appointment to the Annapolis
institution simply keeps up with his
classes. and at the end OF six years.
four of which are spent at the academy
and two al sea. he is presented with his
commission officer. With the enlist
ed man it is different. If he is lucky and
enliSts at the age of seventeen he stands
a good chance of getting a commission at
the age of thirty-three. By showing eX-
traOrdinary aptitude and ability, he might
possibly get ordered to take the examina-
ton for the commission three years earlier.
According TO Secretary Morton thirty
three would be the average age, and the
course of such boy would be: Enlistment
at seventeen, with rating of apprentice
seaman; promotion in nine months to the
rate of ordinary seaman: promotion in a
year to the rate of seaman; at beginning
of re-enlistment eligible for appointment as
petty officer, third class. AT the beginning
of the second enlistment he may, if he so
desires, make application for a term of in
struction at the petty officers school or the
seaman gunners' school. After promotion
to petty officer, second class, he must serve
a year He is then eligible for promotion
to petty officer first class, and after a
year to acting chief petty officer, and at
the end of another year may be given a
permanent appointment.
This shows what he has attained after
he has served ten years in the navy and is
twentyseven years of age. He is eligible
for appointment as a warrant officer after
serving four years as a warrant officer he
can apply for permission to take the exam
nation for the commissioned grade of en-
sign.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1905-04-16
Uncle Sam Wants That Cent.
7ron the Portland OregonIan.

From the Portland oregonian.
]. w. Gilstrap and W. ]. Clutch of Wood
stock have been notified by the government
of the United States that ex-Postmaster
Haffenden of Woodstock is short in his ac-
counts 10 the amount of one cent, and that
either Mr.. Haffenden or his bondsmen will
have TO make up the amount and send 1t to
the Post Office Department at Warrington
at once.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1905-04-16

school exactly as it would be on board ship.
with only those changes that are absolutely
necessary because the quarters happen to
be a building on shore and not ship at
sea. The men are required to work hard
during the day, but they have every other
evening in town, and even here the routine
prevails, as the party that has liberty is
called the watch ashore" The men are
divided into watches, just they would
be on shipboard, and the schedule of duties
is something like that on shipboard also.
At 6 o'clock in the morning call hands
are called. This Is reveille. At $50 "all
hands turn to- to clean up, make beds, etc.
At o'clock the men are given their break
fast, and at 73O work for the day is start
ed. Fifteen minutes of athletic exercise is
given, from 1876 to 1850, when the exercise
Is stopped and the men go to their quarters
and get into their working clothes or
"dungarees.' From to IL 80 they are at
work in the shops. At II 80 retreat" from
shops is sounded. and at II dinner is served
Al 1855 clothes are again changed, and
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1905-04-16
Like Old Times in Arizona.

Jerome Correspondence Los Angeles Times.
Interest during the greater part of yester
day conferred around the faro game in thu
ST. Elmo saloon. Arthur Cordiner Of thu
Fashion had in as much as s., 800 at ont
time. and such high play as this was goot
for the eyes of the old timers, who say =
used to be common in these parts. WheT
the play got real hot Charley Hooker tool
the dealers chair.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1905-04-16

from 1 to las the shops again claim the at
tention of the students At AS there Is
another go at athletic exercise for fifteen
minutes. and supper is served at .. AT o
o'clock every man Is supposed to be i'll the
dormitory, but it is not required that he
shall turn in until 10, when taps IS
sounded. He is supposed TO devote the
hour between . and 10 TO study. This is
the order for three days in the week. on
Monday and Wednesday, instead of going
to the shops in the afternoon. the men are
drilled in infantry tactics from ! to 4. On
Saturday the drill is held in the morning,
and there is half holiday in the afternoon
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1905-04-16

navy.
The seaman gunners school here Is quar-
tered In what are known as the seaman's
quarters at the navy yard. These quarters
are the general enlistment station for the
navy in this city, and are under the COM
mand of Lieut.. Evans, who also commands
the Sylph. The school is directly under the
charge of Capt E. c. Pendleton, superin-
tendent Of the naval gun factory, who has
as his principal assistant Gunner A. c.
Kali. Lieut.. Evans is the executive officer
of the school when he is here, and in his
absence Mr.. Kali acts as such. A corps of
eight instructors is maintained here, and
the navy regulations are maintained. The
seaman gunners' quarters is one of the
buildings that have been added to the
navy yard group during the last few years
1t Is at the western extremity of the yard
and is very tastefully fitted up. The first
floor has the large class room, In which are
mounted specimens of almost every style
of ordnance, and along the long tables that
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1905-04-16

When this application is made the war
rant officer making it must have letters
from every commanding officer he has had
during his service in the navy. Every min
ute of his time in the service, as shown by
his record at the Navy Department, is rig
orously scrutiniZed and the slightest black
mark will result in his application being
denied. Under the present law twelve
boatsWains, gunners or warrant macninists
may be given commissions in the navy each
year. Twenty applied to take the eXamina-
ton in 1904, but only nine passed and re-
ceived commissions.
From the time the young man gets his
commission he is an officer of the navy, and
receives promotion through the various
grades until he reaches the age for retr-
ing. 1t has been estimated that the aver
age warrant officer, receiving appointment
in the navy at thrty-three years. probably
viii rank captain when he reaches the
age of SiXty-two, when he is retired by vir-
tue OF law. There are no figures on which
to base calculation, because there have
not been any officers in the service who
have passed up from the ranks in the man.
ner described. the law permitting such pro-
motion having been enacted only within
the past few years.
There are three branches of the service
from which warrant officers are made. These
are the engineering department, which pro-
duces the warrant machinists; the execu-
tive or administration department, which
produces the boatswans. and the ordnance
department. which produces the gunners
The people of Washington have reason for
more than usual interest in at least one of
the departments of the service, that Of the
gunner, because 1t is in this city that the
seaman gets his first instruction in the
manufacture of guns, big and little, and
prepares himself for duties as q gunner and
therefore to take step In the direction of
commission. branch of the seaman
gunners school is located at the navy yard
in this city, where the sailor students are
given an opportunity to study the mech
anism of the great guns and small guns
and intermediate guns during the course
Of their manufacture, and are also re-
ouired to work in the shops that they
can learn how the guns made.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1905-04-16

Congress estimated that the canal would
cost about S190UO0.O OO, including the orig
inal appropriations, as provision was made
that the future appropriations should be
made 10 the sum of $135 100000, with au-
thority TO sell $3.50 $50 of bonds, the cal
culation being that the amount of bonds
named would bring at least $l3J, 100000 il
sold to the public.
With all the canal bonds sold to the pub
lie and added to the total amount of the
public debt outstanding the aggregate in
terest-bearing debt of the government
would be 81. O2j. 151 $50, larger than a any
time in nearly twenty years. March l, 1855,
the total bonded debt was 81 49, 10000, but
the government began paying this off short
was reduced to $S44 1906 DO, less than at the
present time Such good progress was made
III reducing this deDt that March l, 1893,
the total was only $3.50, 034. go. That was
when hard times struck the country and it
was found necessary to issue bonds to
maintain the public credit and keep up the
gold reserve. The bonded debt, therefore,
Ia increased to S4T,3G6, $50 when the
Spanish war came on and necessitated
heavy expenditures Although the govern
ment was laying aside a surplus about that
time, it could not run the war with the
cash on hand, and was forced TO make a
popular loan of sos, 1g2, eco in ) per cent
bonds. This again increased the total and
sent it considerably above the billion dol
lar mark. The treasury surplus kept ac-
cumulating, and Secretary Gage each year
found himself with so much money that he
didn't know what 10 do with it. So he APP
piled it 10 the purchase of bonds for the
sinking fund. In the fiscal year 1850 he
bought $4,000, 600 of bonds; the next year
$35,OOOOC0, and the next $56,000,o00, again
bringing the total down to $500, 159, 915. Re
demptons since then make the total what
it IS now.