davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1905-03-02
IRELAND TO GROW TOBACCO.
Experiments with Governmental Aid
Give Hope Of Much Success.

Dublin-A new era appears =
have opened for Ireland Not onl,
Will she be a manufacturer of tobac
co, but she appears likely to be able
to grow a good leaf of her own.
From the lands OF Colonel Nugtnt
Everard in llandalstown, County
Meath, twenty acres of tobacco have
been harvested, and Professor ]. ~
Harper, of Kentucky University, the
American tobacco expert, describes
1t as "a tobacco crop of the highest
quality, quite equal to that grown in
Virginia and kentucky" Professor
Harper also pronounces the Irish cli-
mate to be almost perfectly suited for
tobacco culture.
Colonel Everard has been support
cd by the Irish department of agri.
culture, and his is the first expert
ment in producing a tobacco crop in
Ireland on a commercial and practi-
cal scale.
The department of agriculture
agreed TO assist any one who would
experiment with tobacco culture to
the extent of ten acres by bearing the
cost of the drying and curing plant
Colonel Everard agreed to lay down
twenty acres. The best procurable
seed was brought from Virginia, and
the process of curing, sorting, and
drying has given employment 10 C.
number of local hands.
The twenty acres have yielded
about $4,000 pounds weight Of leaf.
This Is a remarkable result for what
is practically an initial experiment.:
it is estimated, however, that the
average yield Per acre will be about
1000 pounds of tobacco. Dublin man
ufacturers and experts have valued
the samples already grown as high as
.G cents pound for the best leaves.
The government has removed the
prohibition against tobacco culture.
aud undertakes to refund to the grow
er one-third of the duty levied. The
concession, however, is limited to
five years, and it is impossible to ex-
pect farmers to undertake the heavy
initial cost for this limited period
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1905-03-02
THRILLING ESCAPE AT SEA.
Constant Battle with Sharks In Row
Of 200 Miles.

San Francisco.-A voyage OF zoo
miles by oar, almost destitute of pro
visions and water, and pursued by
school Of giants sharks that day and
night threatened momentarily to cap
size the craft and devour its occu-
pants, was the experience of Capt.
Sam Harris and four South Sea ISL
snders, who composed the crew OF
the little trading schooner Victor,
wrecked on Apataki Island. Apataki
is 200 miles from Papeete, the Port of
Tahiti.
This is a tale OF the sea brought by
the liner Mariposa. just arrived,
which left Papeete on the day Capt.
Harris and his men landed there,
emaciated and nearly crazed, but still
alive.
When the Victor struck the reef,
the shipwrecked crew barely had
time to put off in the boat for their
long voyage, made without a com
pass and no sail, with one days pro-
visions on board and half n dozen CO.
ooanuts. The milk from the latter
was all they had to drink during the
II days It took to reach Papeete. The
passage was enlivened by a constant
combat with the sharks. In verifca-
tion of their story oars were shown
splintered and worn repelling the at.
tacks of the ferocious FISH which
gave them no rest.
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1905-03-02

Tine one thing lacking to complete
the system of education in Liberia,
Africa, Is a first class industrial
school, said Dr. James Robert Spur
geon, the former charge d'affaires OF
the United States in Liberia, to
Brooklyn Eagle reporter.
Within the last five years the edu-
cational progress of Liberia has been
rapid and to-day conditions will COM
pare favorably with those of any
other country with similar opportuni-
ties. The credit for this is due to
the interest and efforts of the officials
OF the Liberian government aided by
the American Colonization Society In
Washington and of New York and the
Boston Board OF the College of Ii
IBERIA. The government makes a lib
eral allowance for the school, and
OF the 100 college students 10 are
IN the preparatory department. Six
young women are in the sophomore
class and have the distinction of be-
Ing the first women admitted to the
college as students.
DR.. Spurgeon Is a graduate of the
Hampton Industrial school and also
Ct Yale University.
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1905-03-02

Senator Depew's former ward has
obtained divorce. The Countess be-
fore her marriage was Miss Edith Ly-
man Collins. She inherited a large
fortune from her grandmother, Mrs.
Neyen. She was married to Reched
Bey, Count Czaykowsh, the repre-
sentative of mob le Polish family.
the Count was considered to have q
brilliant diplomatic career before
him, having been secretary of the
Turkish embassies at st. Petersburg
and Rome.
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1905-03-02
cabbies' New Measuring Device.

Paris.-The new device known as
the "taxameter," consisting of a
clock-work arrangement for measur-
ing distance and indicating the exact
amount Of the fare was placed in a
limited number of cabs
The fare is rs centimes for 1900
meters. The trial appeared to be
satisfactory and the apparatus will
probably gradually be adopted by the
various companies.
Cabbies that have tried it are pleas
ed with the system and think they
can make more money than by the
old method.
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1905-03-02
Enslishmen and Mr.. Roosevelt.

Looking to the decisiveness of Mr..
Roosevelts majority, Englishmen
ask, with the Spectator, What will
he do with it?" That he will do
nothing with it, nobody expects. In
less Englishmen are wholly out Of
their reckoning, Mr.. Roosevelt is not
the man to rest on his laurels. The
conviction over here is that the next
years are destined to be memorable
in American politics, that Mr.. Roose-
welt Is at last ''unmuzzled," that he
has free hand, and will use it free
ly. People in this country regard the
issue of the election as a mandate to
Mr.. Roosevelt to continue as he has
begun. The Spectator, IN attempting
to forecast his policy, declares that
''he will guide the American ship
wisely and well, and instil into every
branch of the government that high
sense of public duty with which he Is
himself inspired" "He will insist In
domestic. as in foreign, affairs that
the government of the United States
shall hold its head high. Under his
guidance 1t will neither fear the mob
nor the plutocrat at home, nor allow
Its greatness abroad to dwindle and
grow dim from "craven fears Of being
great" 1t concludes by prophesying
that his ensuing administration will
leave indelible traces on the larger
half of the English-speaking race, and
that for the whole of that race 1t will
be lesson and an example in sound
and sane government" Sydney
Brooks, in Harper's Weekly.
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1905-03-02

Who has oeen chosen president of
the American National Red Cross So
ciety to succeed Miss Clara Barton.
Admiral Van Reypen has for many
years been identified with work OF
mercy in time of war and was Ameri-
can delegate to the International Red
Cross conference in ST. Petersburg
two years ago.
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1905-03-02

England has more doctors, proper
tionally speaking than any country iE
Europe. To every 100000 persons
there are $50 medical men. Germany
has As. Switzerland AZ and Russia Is,
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1905-03-02

Oscar Malmras. U. s. consul at Co,
inn' was appointed by President Lin,
coln tne Gay before lie was assassi.
nated and has been continually in the
service ever since.
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1905-03-02

Perhaps it's because time flies that
We near about the wings of occas-
IONS"
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1905-03-02

Miss Philadelphia can truthfully say
to the Liberty Belle, you are making
yourself altogether too free"
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1905-03-02

you wish to flatter a man 1t is sum.
c'ent to say: "In business every Que
recognizes your genius"
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1905-03-02

Actions speak louder than words
but they do not speak as often.
The Columbian. [volume] (Bloomsburg, Pa.) 1866-1910, 1905-03-02

A lawyers fee Is due to the other
chaps Ignorance Of the law.
Wausau pilot. [volume] (Wausau, Wis.) 1896-1940, 1905-06-13

must busy himself studying the signals system of air
bakes and the other things that he will be required to be
proficient In when his anal examination be held
The examnee must be absolutely sound as to physical
condition. his hearing must be good his eyes will be
given closer searching and testing than any other
nation In the world will put him through.
The technical examination is even severer proper
ton than the physical The brakeman must be familiar
with every kind Of signal to be found the road
On the air brakes he is ques toned closely must
know how to trace air through different pipes valves
must know the effect of different pressures different
speeds and different tonnage In short the
air brake from end to end and just what it ought and
will do.
The pay of freight brakemen Is cents a mile. Ghe
monthly pay will from S65 $115 per month accord
ing to the mileage made Eighyfve dollars month will
perhaps be general average for freight brakeman
the country Passenger brakemen less.
Wausau pilot. [volume] (Wausau, Wis.) 1896-1940, 1905-06-13


the tramway system as to have large
surplus. We wish to provide for depre
citation as a matter of course, and charge
up . per cent to that account. Then
we devote per cent of the funds to the
sinking fund. We have been doing this
for eleven years and the obligation con
tinues for nineteen years more.
1--WE also make provision for paying
something into the employees pension
! fund, but we do not hold fares up to a
point where we would amass a large
surplus. We have reduced fares once
and have never had a deficit Glasgow
perhaps got a better start on the right
course than most cities, for we began
building the nucleus of the present sys-
tenn in 1872, and have been gradually
extending it ever since
SAT first the city leased the roads to
a private corporation, whose tenure in
our streets lasted for % years, ending
June 30, 1894. This private company
used horse cars and the service de-
manded a change. In this respect Glas-
gov was then like Chicago-the people
demanded better service and asked the
city to operate the trains. The city took
over the lines and Immediately started
to improve and extend them. Gradually
the road was electrified, and in three
years, or between 1898 and 1901, the
work Of installing trolley ears was ac-
complished.
The success of municipal operation
and our policy of improving the service
can be gathered when l say that in 1895
the Glasgow trans carried total of
So,0O0.0OO people and in 1904 the total
number of passengers was 100000
O0O."
Wausau pilot. [volume] (Wausau, Wis.) 1896-1940, 1905-06-13
IRRIGATION PRODUCES SWEETS.
Beet Sugar Making in the West Is a
Very Interesting Process.

Beet Sugar Making in the West Is
Very Interesting Process.
In some of the Western States. espe-
ctally Wisconsin, Nebraska, Colorado,
and the western part of Kansas. the
growing of beets for sugar, has become
a recognized industry Large factories
for the conversion Of the beet into
sugar have been erected, and here are
employed large numbers of men during
the fall and winter months.
Colorado leads In the production OF
beets. This can be accounted for by
the same reason that she is noted for
her cantaloupes; that is, irrigation and
the large numbers of days OF sun
shine. The sun shines on fully 800
days of the year and the beet is slim
ulated to a wonderful growth.
In growing beets the ground is pre-
pared in much the same way as for
cantaloupes, a thorough breaking and
pulverizing OF the ground being neces-
sary for best results After leveling
the ground, which makes irrigation
easier, the beet drill is brought into
use. This drill is on the order of an
ordinary grain drill, with the excep-
ton that it only plants four rows is
inches apart at a time, and has no at
tachments for drilling in fertilizer. On
the drill are two small shovels, placed
so that they make two burrows be-
tween the two rows on each side
These burrows carry the irrigating
water, which soaks back and moistens
the seed.
When through with the seeding, the
water is turned into the burrows made
by the drill, between each two rows.
The water is kept running until the
seed is thoroughly soaked, care being
taken that the water does not over
flow very much, as this causes the
ground to bake and the sprouts cannot
force their way through the crust thus
formed. When plants have obtained
the height of one-half inch to an inch,
the cultivator Is brought into use.
This cultivator Is drawn by one
Wausau pilot. [volume] (Wausau, Wis.) 1896-1940, 1905-06-13


Hyde syndicates must pay back into the
treasury of the society every dollar he
made at the expense of the policy hold
ers. 1t declares that if any Of these
guilty officers refuse TO refund his money
the Equitable should compel restitution
by suits.
3. 1t declares that the Office of Presi-
dent Alexander has been managed with
laxity and negligence and should be thor
oughly reorganized
A. 1t charges that Vice President Tar
bell has conducted his office with waste
and extravaganza and that his depart
ment should be reorganized. No charge
of dishonesty is made against Mr.. Tar
bell
3. 1t condemns the salaries of 1922,
500 paid to James H. Hyde by the Equt-
able Life and it's subsidiary companies,
the Mercantile Trust and the Equitable
Trust. and censures a system that has
prevailed in Mr.. Hyde's office by which
his personal clerks receive salary adj
vances sometimes as high as $50 per
cent.
Wausau pilot. [volume] (Wausau, Wis.) 1896-1940, 1905-06-13

sides Of the pans, and when smaTf
grains begin to appear they are fed by
adding fresh syrup until they reach the
required size When the size is right,
and the water evaporated sufficiently.
the steam is turned off, the pump
stopped, and the mass Is allowed to
run into the tanks below, by opening
a valve at the. oltleL In the bottom Of
the pan.
The syrup at this sta sc has the APP
pearance of dark molasses, thickened
With graduated sugar, and is so thick
that 1t will barely run. This Is put In
to the ''centrifugals," large whirling
drums having their sides perforated,
and lined with gaaze. AS these ma
chimes whirl around. the sugar rises
along the sides of the drum, and the
molasses Is thrown out through the
holes in the sides, leaving the sugar
sticking to the g9uze. The sugar Is
washed by spraying cold water and air
against it as it whirls, a little bluins
being added to give it brilliancy. The
machine is stopped and the sugar now
white and moist is dropped from the
bottom of the machine and conveyed
to the granulator, where 1t Is dried.
This granulator is large horizontal.
revolving cylinder, heated by steam.
While drying is IN process, the fine
dust of sugar is drawn out by a sue
ton blower. The sugar passes out OF
the granulator through screens at the
end, which removes the Jumps. The
sugar is now placed in bags ready for
shipment.
The molasses which has been
thrown from the centrifugals, is either
mixed with fresh syrup and boiled
again, or is boiled alone and once mora
passed through the machines. The
brown sugar resulting, is refined by
mixing with fresh syrup.
In all beet factories, chemicals play
an important part, and the laboratory
might be called the heart of the fac
tory, as it is through the agency OF
chemicals that the sugar is extracted
from the beet All beets, Juice, syrups
Wausau pilot. [volume] (Wausau, Wis.) 1896-1940, 1905-06-13

leaving the mother to carry on the
struggle for a family of hungry chill
dren. One room was all she could af-
ford in which to rear them, and their
poverty was acute. At the age of 8
years John hired out to a picture max.
er at 81 cents a week. At the age Of
IS he was working for a builder at
the princely wage Of 70 cents week.
One day he got drunk-the only time
he ever touched liquor in his life-and
lost his job. Then he worked for a
pastry cook for two years.
In his long tramps to and from
work Pearce observed how great was
the need among casual and other la
borers of good and cheap food. 1t sug-
gested an opportunity for him to be-
come his own master. He hired a cos
termonger's barrow at % cents a
week, bought humble urn and few
crooks and set out to earn his fortune
as a cheap and perambulating caterer.
He did not ever dream then that he
was laying the foundation of u colos-
sal business. 1t developed slowly at
first
At the end Of six months he was
able to turn his shilling-aweek barrow
into what he called "a gutter hotel
With the knowledge of carpentry and
painting that he had learned at the
builders and of cooking that he had
mastered at the pastry cooks, he made
the stall so attractive that his receipts
grew until they sometimes reached $50
a day. For thirteen years he stood by
his gutter hotel" at the end of which
time he had saved S6.500 With that
he bought the lease of his first coffee
shop. 1t was a success from the start
and his business kept on Increasing
until to-day he conducts eighty one
restaurants, in not one Of which is 4
drop of liquor sold. Before he branch
ed out into business for himself he
got religion" and regularly devoted
one-tenth OF his income TO charity
The giving away of 1.-THE of his "a
come he has always since regarded rs
sacred obligation.
Some idea of the extent OF his bust
ness may be gained from these fig
ures: In his eighty-one houses tie an
nual consumption of fresh meat
amounts to 2,016,0o0 pounds; of bacon.
Do, 900 pounds; OF -four. 1000 tons; of
potatoes, 1900 tons; of milk, 265. 900
gallons, and 4,250,000 eggs.
Wausau pilot. [volume] (Wausau, Wis.) 1896-1940, 1905-06-13
sHEEPMEN JUBILANT.
The Wool Clip for This Season will
Realize Nearly S9,OOO,OOO.

The Wool Clip for This Season Will
Realize Nearly 100000.
Montana's wool clip for this season
will aggregate slightly more than 1900
900 pounds, and of this amount more
than 25,000,000 pounds have been con-
tracted for on the Sleeps backs at prices
averaging about 81 cents a pound. 1t is
estimated that there are 100000 sheep
in Montana ard the average clip will be
about six pounds. Thus Montana sheep
men will realize close to 100000 for
wool alone, and as the price for mutton
is above the usual figure, the year will
be one of the most prosperous in the
history of the State so far as sheepmen
are concerned.
Never before in the history of the
State has there been such activity on the
part of buyers for eastern houses. In
deed, the buying Of wool on the animals
backs will have the effect of doing away
with the wool markets this year.
Montana being one of the latest of
wool States, the shearers come from
both East and South, California, Ohio
and New York predominating. These
shearers make splendid wages while the
season lasts. Some of them as much as
So and So a dag. The rapidity with
which sheep is separated from it's wool,
the fleece tied and cast aside By experts
is wonderful to behold.
Wausau pilot. [volume] (Wausau, Wis.) 1896-1940, 1905-06-13
AoMgoF MACBETH UNCHANGED
Cawdor Castle Still Mocks the Tooth
of DevouriuR Time.

| Cawdor Castle Still Mocks the Tooth
of Devouring Time.
Hamlet's castle at Elsinore, which
still remains precisely as In his day, is
not the only habitat which still mocks
the tooth of cormorant devouring time
The castle Of Macbeth, thane OF Glamis
and of Cawdor-Cawdor castle-built
in the year 1446, also still stands just
outside of the village still called Cav
dor" at Inverness, in Scotland. says
Shakspeareana, and If it does not hap
pen to rain when the tourist ap-
proaches it land 1t sometimes does not
rain in Scotland he will exclalm IS
Duncan did, this castle hath a pleas
ant seat, the air nimbly and sweetly
recommends itself to our senses"
During its many centuries Of life,
Cawdor castle has accumulated many
wings, "outer walls" and new int
riors, and so the great hall where the
deed of dreadful note was first resolv-
ed may not be at present located land,
for once. tradition has not selected one
of them). But a chamber where the
deed may have been done there is in
on of the oldest parts of the old pile
For several years this chamber has
been rendered by the present thane Of
Cawdor-on Of the Campbell family
(the present owners Of the property as
a bedroom for a nights lodging to any
artist who will as quid pro quo paint
upon its walls a picture of some Incl
dent of the tragedy according to Shak-
speare.
That not many artists have cared
for such a nights lodging on any terms
we are led to guess from the fact that
only four pictures are on that cham
ber's walls Lady Macbeth in her
nlghtrobe; Macbeth with the fatal dag
ger drawn; the brindle cat that mewed
thrice, and the OWL the fatal belmanl
as well as the three secret black and
midnight hays over the caldronl
Wausau pilot. [volume] (Wausau, Wis.) 1896-1940, 1905-06-13

and boiled sugars, are tested, and the
analysis Of every pound Of sugar is
known, and every loss located and &C
counted for. The values OF different
soils and fertilizers for beet growing
are tested, as are also all coal, coke
and limestone used.
At Rocky Ford, In Southeastern Col
orado, is located one of the largest beet
sugar factories in the country. The
buildings are built of brick. and are
surrounded by fine grounds and fine
residences, where some of the officers
of the company live. Like all other
factories, this one runs day and night,
seven days in week. and only stops
in case of an accident or to clean up.
This factory. on an average, converts
LOO tons OF beets into sugar every
twenty-four hours. One ton of beets
will make 260 to 30 pounds OF sugar,
and from LOO tons, this means about
$50 tons of sugar each day.-Williams-
port pa Grit.