davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1905-03-08
HOW ANc,EN7s KEPT TIME.
Why Greek Boys Were Good In the
Summer,


Summer.
Before an audience OF London chill
dren scientist delivered a lecture
the other day on the methods of mea-
surfing time as employed by the an
clients.
The lecturer began with the Chal-
deans, who, like the Chinese, observ-
ed the movements OF the moon and
stars, and believed that an eclipse
was due to tine devouring of the
moon by dragon.
Then the lecturer came to the
Egyptians, who erected obelisks to
serve as the gnomuns or pointers Of
Bun-dials.
To the delight of the juvenile audi
ence the lecture room was darkened
and the sun ian electric glow lamp
was manipulated at the end OF fish
ing rod to make model obelisk cast
the shadow.
The Greeks, always artistic, placed
a buoyant figure of magician in q
long glass jar, and water dripped in,
and as the figure rose it pointed to the
hour on marked dial.
The system which the Greeks fol-
lowed of dividing the day into twelve
equal hours" from the rising to the
setting Of the sun was irregular. 1t
behooved the Greek schoolboy to be
good in summer and work of his su-
perfiuous boyishness in winter, be-
cause an hours imposition in sum-
mer was twenty minutes longer than
in winter.
A description Of the hour-glass led
to the exhibition of new adaptation
OF it.
A breakfast egg was suspended
from the beam of pair of scales, and
dipped into saucepan of boiling wa
ter. The sand from an f1our-glass
trickled into the scale which hung
from the other end of the beam until
the egg was cooked.
Then the weight of the sand lifted
the egg out of the saucepan and rang
an electric be.l.-Philadelphia Rec
ord
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1905-03-08
Kentucky Mountain schools.

Teaching school in the Kentucky
mountains has never been easy work,
and 1t is question whether the long
suffering dominic who strives mentally
and physically with the fresh, uncul-
tured native product that is brought
under his care, does not at least bear
off with him at the end Of the term a
diploma that would admit him at any
time to all the glories and privileges Of
martyrdom. In land famous for its
family feuds. abundantly familiar with
the seductions Of "mOonshine." and
pushing Its politics to the verge Of rev.
olution. tractability in man or boy is
not characteristic trait. Neither are
the appliances for teaching numerous
or adequate. The first schools had no
text books whatever, and instead Of
paper. smooth boards OF white wood
were used. with the juice Of oakballs
for Ink. To-day the equipment of the
log school houses that dot the creeks
and nestle among the hills OF the Appa.
lachIan wilderness has not undergone
very marked advance over those first
primitive conditions: while the native
human type is still characterized by
the old time carelessness. nonchalance.
and scorn for the trammels of latter.
day civilization.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1905-03-08
A Blind Typewriter.

A blind typewriter operator. George
w. E. Raper, is employed at the Atlas
Engine Works. In learning the use OF
the machine he had placed on the keys
raised dots, known as the New York
count system, that represented letters
corresponding to those represented by
the keys. When ne learned the loca-
ton of the keys the raised dots were
dispensed with, and now he can use
almost any typewriter with a univer-
sal shift keyboard. He has been en-
ployei in several establishments as
typewriter operator not using a
graphophone. but taking dictation d.
rect upon his machine. Mr.. Raper Is
handicapped in one manner, and that
is in the correction of his manuscript.
But on account of this handicap his
work is superior to that of the ordl-
nary typewriter operator who can see.
as he has learned to make exceeding
few typographical errors. - Indian
aDOlis News
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1905-03-08
Model Tropical Garden.

The German Government has ap-
propriated the amount of 100000
marks for a model tropical and ex-
detrimental garden at Dar-es-Salaam,
German East Africa. Almost every
species of tropical fruit trees, cotton,
tea, cocoa, bananas. pineapples. ETC..
will be planted there in order to as
certain as to what kinds Of agricul-
tural products can best be raised in
that colony. A number of experts
have already sailed from Hamburg,
while several agriculturists from In
dia are expected on the spot to assist
in the experimental cultivation Of the
tea-plaut
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1905-03-08


1t Ia almost invariably the case when
person breeds number of sowa
that he obtains few runt pigs In the
lot. What to do with these runts ID
sometimes question little difficult
to solve. Some runts are SO poor that
it would be better to kill them while
still small than to try to raise them:
In fact, some men do, and think It
the most profitable thing that can be
done. There is difference in runts.
however, and oftentimes 1t pays to
take good care Of them. feed them a
little better than the average and give
them special attention. Whenever a
man wishes to raise r,lnts he ought
by all means to separate them from
his good pigs, and feed them in
lot by themselves, II this can possibly
be done. The Kansas Station has re-
Gently made some experiments along
this line of feeding runts, and in that
instance the feeding proved to be very
profitable. Four runts were fed grain
for period of 27S days; during the
feeding period they were allowed the
run Of rape pasture. The grain mix
.ture was as follows: Corn, so pounds:
kafir corn. so pounds; shorts, SO
pounds; dried blood, 20 pounds, and
soy beans. 80 pounds. During the en-.
tire period the pigs averaged daily
gain Of .94 pound per head They sold
at $6.25 per hundred weight, and the
cost of each 100 pounds Of gain was
1894 for the grain consumed. Even
II the pigs had only brought IS per
hundred weight, there would still have
been handsome profit from the feed.
ing,-st Louis Republic.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1905-03-08
NO REASON SHOWN az slaos.
They Are Governed by Instinct, bat
That Instinct 10 Flexible.

They Are Governed by Instinct, bat
That Instinct IL Flexible.
Tho recent English writer, Richard
kearton. says there is mo such dead
level of unreasoning instinct" In the
animal world as is popularity supposed,
and ne seems to base tile remark upon
the fact that he found certain of the
cavities or holes In hay rick where
sparrows rocked lined with feathers,
and others not lined, writes John Bur-
roughs in Outing. Such departures
from level line of habit as this are
common enough among all creatures.
Instinct Is not something as rigid as
cast iron: 1t does not act like a ma.
chine. always the same The animal 10
something alive, and is subject to the
law Of variations. Instinct may act
more strongly In one man than in an
other, or as one animal may have
greater speed or courage than another
Of the same species. 1t would be hard
to find two live creatures. very far up
In the scale, exactly anke. A thrush
may use much mud in the construction
OF lts nest, or IT may use little, or none
at all; the oriole may weave strings
into Its nest, or 1t may use only dry
grasses and horse hair: such cases only
show variations in the action of in.
sttnct.
But If the oriole should build nest
like robin or robin build like a
cliff swallow, that would be a depart
ure from instinct to take note of. Or
II the whippoorwill and Its allied spe-
cies In Europe should perch across the
limb instead OF lengthwise Of it. or
the wood duck nest In marshes and the
marsh hawk nest in trees. then, indeed.
would the dead level Of instinct be vio-
lently wrenched. Organic life in all Its
forms is flexible, the habits Of all the
animals change more or less with
changed conditions. but the range Of
fluctuations in the lives Of the wild
creatures is very limited and is always
determined by awkward circumstances
and not by individual volition. as 1t 20
often Is In the case of man.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1905-03-08

I eating small white peppermints out Of
| paper bag. There are only ten in
a Compensation" and Dorothy could
not decide whether they lasted long
! er If one sucked them or If one ate
she had finished the tenth she waited
what seemed to her long time before
she decided to search for her mother
II will go in the bird-cage," she de
cided and went toward the elevator.
where are you going, little girl?'
asked the guard in blue uniform
with brass buttons, who opened the
doors of the elevator.
Il am going to find my mother, sol.
der man." replied Dorothy, with
much dignity.
The man laughed and inquired
Are YOU lost?"
With still more dignity Dorothy re
piled, I'm not lost, soldier man
Can't You see am right here? 1t is
mother who is lost"
The man was surely very Jolly, fol-
he laughed still more heartily as he
said, You go over by that counter
see?-and when you mother comes
III send her to YOU
The man might have been little
girl himself. he chose the waiting
place so well, for the counter was the
doll counter. Dorothy sat down or
her campstool in sheer amazement al
sight of big, little and tiny dolls; talk
ing. walking and sleeping dolls; faith
err, mother and grandmother dolls
girl, boy and baby dolls; cook, man
my and nurse-maid dolls; soldier
sailor and fireman dolls.
On the next counter were beds
cradles and cribs; chairs, hammock.
and couches; tables, dishes and side
boards; stoves, skillets and teaket
ties for the dolls that stayed at home
and for the dolls that Travelled
trunks, bags and luncheon boxes; car
riages, horses and automobiles; boats
trains and trolley cars.
1t took time to examine all these
wonders, and Dorothy had just reach
ed the lions, lambs, COWS, cats, dogs
uSNAo, iucDito, lOOStelS anu Ulll.
goats" on third counter when moth
err came toward her, still smiling a
something the guard had told her.
20, mother" cried Dorothy, don
YOU sec the compensation is al
eaten! Do you think might have
a treat too, today?"
Mother was troubled as she looked
at the beautiful toys, for she feared
Dorothy would choose costly on,
which she could not buy her.
What would you like for treat?'
she asked.
Dorothy pointed to a rabbit made o
soft white cloth and stuffed with cot
ton.
] Lions and tigers are scarful," she
explained, "but little white rabbi
is lovely to take to bed at night"
Mother agreed. and that night tn,
little white rabbit slept in Dorothy
crib.-Mary Alden Hopkins in Youth.
Companion.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1905-03-08
SEX AND AGE IN THE CENSUS OF
1900.
More Men Than Women In the United
States, but the Women Live
Longer.

Men are in the majority in the
United States to the extent Of ZIG IN
each 10000 OF the population, accord
ing to bulletin issued by the Cen.
sus Bureau. In 1890 the excess OF
males was 242. The divisions of con-
ainental United States with the small.
est proportion OF males are the Dis
trict OF Columbia t47.4 per cent?,
Massachusetts 1881 per cent?, and
Rhode Island (49.1 per cent?; those
with the largest are Wyoming (62.N
per cent?, and Montana (61.6 per
cent?. A curious divergence of sexes
appears in the returns for city and
country districts. In the cities hav-
ing population OF 2,5UU or more IN
1890 there were G,929 more males
than females; in 1900 this proportion
had been reversed and the females in
cities of this size were 201,959 in ex-
cess. AS against this change the ex-
cess of 1,519,559 males in country dis
l,s40,2S0 in 1900. Among the negroes
there are few more females than
males, among the Indians a few more
males than females. About Ave
ninths of the immigrants are males.
The excess Of males in the total
population is offset to some extent
by the longer age of females. In the
period from SO years Of age to the
end of life of males, and also in the
period from 16 to 20, although the
census experts ascribe the latter su-
periority OF falsified returns rather
than to an absolute majority. The
death rate OF males in the registra-
ton area in 1900 was 10 per thousand
and that OF females was 1856. TIE
difference in the death rate is least
between the ages OF and IA and
greatest at the extremes OF life.
There is period between the ages
of 5 and n when the death rate OF
females is in excess of that of males.
In spite Of the fact that four-fifths
of the childbirths occur between the
ages of 20 and 30, the death rate OF
women at that time is smaller than
that Of men. In 1900 the median age,
the age which exactly divides the
total population, was 22.85 years, an
increase OF nearly Z years in the last
century. The productive age group
In the United States, that part Of the
population between 16 and GO, COM
prises nearly three-fifths of the popu-
lation, larger proportion than is to
| be found in most European countries.
Nearly one-fourth of the population Is
less than 10 years of age.-Public
Opinion.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1905-03-08
GUESS WHO I AM.

This is simple little game, but it
makes lots of fun One advantage
about IL is that it requires no thinking.
no knowledge of books, no preparation
of any kind; IL is Just jolly game to
make boys and girls of any age roar
with laughter
One of the players is to be blind
folded, and the others stand about the
room as they please. The blindfolded
one then walks or groupes around until
he touches player. and the player
touched must then stand still and
make noise in imitation of some ami
NAL; say, cat, dog, COW, a pig
or horse.
If the blindfolded player chooses,
he can have the sound made three
times, and u he then guesses the
name of the person, the person takes
his place. If ne does not guess cor.
rectly, he releases the player and
tries again.-New York Evening Mail.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1905-03-08
GRIZZLY BEARS AND PAINTERS
Afraid of Man, Says Wyoming Hunt.
er; Dangerous Only When At

"In the mountains OF Wyoming,
where / have hunted for years, you
can find most any kind of savage ami
NAL that you get in America except
alligators. Grizzlies, black bears and
mountain lions are commonly killed
there" says Hugh Snierly, of Sherl-
dan, Wyo. Some Of the men that
come out there to hunt think that II
they stir 100 yards away from camp
they must be armed to the teeth for
fear of being attacked by bear or
panther and killed. There is a heap
more danger of getting killed on ac-
count of leaving your gun at home
when you go down Market street.
Some one might shoot you on the
street in big city, but it is dead sure
that a bear or mountain lion will
never attack you unless you drive
him to 1t.
"I've hunted through the best dis
tricts for big game in this country,
and I've seen a good many grizzlies,
but I've never seen one of them go
after man unless he was cornered
or wounded II you run into grizzly
bear in lonely place you'll hear a
grunt, something like tnat OF man.
moth hog, and then there viii be a
mighty crashing Of underbrush as he
makes off in the opposite direction
as fast as he can go. All you can
generally see of a mountain lion is
tawny streak as he makes off at in
credible speed. II he has any in
tention OF going after you it must be
his intention to go around the world
and catch you in the rear, for If you
are standing to the east Of him he Is
sure to go due west.
Mountain lions in the winter time
will follow sleighs at a distance.
wailing as they go. but there Is
nothing in that to inspire terror, for
| don't think they have ever been
known TO close in on anybody. Their
terror of human beings is the thing
which makes them hard to shoot. In
all the time that ! have been in the
mountains ] have never heard of any
one being attacked by wild animal
that had been left strictly alone. But
I've known men to be killed even by
deer when the brute was driven to
desperation.
Grizzlies are the best game in the
world. When you once get their dan
ger up they are savage fighters. and
the hunters life is in danger every
minute unless he is good shot and
has a steady nerve. If you ever get
within reach Of the grizzly's paw you
are dead ont. These stories OF
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1905-03-08
men killing them with knives in hand

men killing them with knives in hand
to hand fights are about as reasonable
as it would be to talk of stopping
locomotive by getting in the way of
the train. If the big fellow gets the
chance to deliver one blow it is all
over. There was grizzly up our
way that the cowboys called Big
Ben who killed about one hundred
and fifty steers before he was finally
shot. He would break steers neck
at one blow and then he would lift
him up and carry him off to a Sc
Guided place. Grizzlies look awk-
ward, but they are mighty light on
their feet, and they can beat any man
in foot race."-Louisville Herald.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1905-03-08
sPRING MIGRATIoN OF BIRDS

Cold as is February, it is the begin
ming of various life-interests of spring
and summer Among the birds to ar
rive, beginning at the middle of the
month, are the woodcock, purple grac-
kle, rusty blackbird, red-winged black
bird. phoebes and several others. The
list varies in different places Many
four footed animals resume activity at
this season, and even some reptiles
crawl out on warmest days.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1905-03-08
To Trade With Mexico.

According to current reports. Can
ada is making strong effort to build
up large trade with Mexico. The
Canadian government has agreed to
give an annual subsidy of 100000 in
gold. and the Mexican government a
subsidy OF 100000 in silver. for new
steamship service between Mexico and
Canadian ports, both on the Atlantic
and Pacific oceans
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1905-03-08

EFOut0 Oh kNhuG D0lTy 1GTO0s
An investigation OF nine dairy farms
supplying creamery III Western New
York produced interesting figures, as
reported at recent meeting of the
State Dairy Association. Most Of the
cows We're grade Durham. The first man
kept ten cows which Melted profit OF
$13.87 each; the second fifteen cows
at profit OF $lO.5S each; the third
thirteen cows at profit Of $7.8l; the
fourth fifteen cows at profit of $500
each; the fifth nine cows at profit OF
Sill each. Thesixth kept eight cows,and
the figures showed loss per COW Of
20 cents; the seventh loss Of S4.37
per COW: the eighth $5.44 per COW and
the ninth, who kept twenty cows.
actually lost $3.50 per COW; los
ing more per COW than the first
ten on the list gained from each
Of his cattle. No account was made
OF skimmilk or labor, the profit being
based on actual market value Of feed
and the amount received from the
creamery for butter shipments. The
only reason some of these farmers
were able to keep in business was be-
cause they produced their own feed
instead of buying it in the market,
and had the manure as an extra profit.
Part Of the trouble was owing to
poor cows kept, and part, no doubt, be-
cause the cows were not Of one of the
special breeds. Massachusetts Plough
man.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1905-03-08
Wedding Anniversaries.

According TO the tradition of ages
there are IA wedding anniversaries tc
be celebrated. These are: First year
cotton; second year. paper; third year
leather; fifth year. wooden; seventh
year. wooden; tenth year. tin; twelfth
year. silk and fine linen: fifteenth year
crystal; twentieth year. china: twenty
fifth year, silver: thirtieth year. pearl
fortieth year, ruby: tiftieth year, gol
den; seventy-tifth year, diamond.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1905-03-08

The well known phenomena Of not
giving down" milk is the result of
lack of nervous tone in the glands
brought about by excitement. The
udder is not container in which the
milk is ready stored up at milking
time, but an organ in which the great
er part of the milk is elaborated while
milking or sucking is In progress, by
virtue Of the agitation 1t produces. On.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1905-03-08

Few people realize what enormous
quantities Of poultry and eggs are
consumed or how rapidly modern
methods are revolutionizlng the poul.
try business. Not many years ago
there was not large poultry farm in
existence. and no one believed exclu-
sive poultry farming could be made to
pay. but to-day there are many large
poultry farms which are giving a good
account of themselves. and 1t is diff.
cult for one to say what the limit is
to the size of a poultry farm or the
wonderful improvements In methods
of handling and selling. 1t Is certain
that the American hen is making her.
self famous and Is rapidly being rec.
ognized as on an equal footing with
our other great interests. such as
dairying. stockraising and other agri-
cultural Commercial Poul.
try.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1905-03-08
cH1LDREN's RHYMES.

char ~ oi ~ -
Cos I was naughty when nnrse did
NV hair
i cried and knocked tho comh on, of
her hand
And now have twenty minutes vet
7 don,t c,ro j, hit. ne n;co nm hare
the garden ,soroupb tbe window ,s 50
onaar
IT looks 50 far away and strange
somehow-
I wonder If it,s twenty minutes now,
Nv l.. = /. ,;,,,o t;r.a n,t st,,, for f., y
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1905-03-08


Onions for Colds.-Do all mothers
know how valuable onions are as a
remedy for children's colds? Never be
without onions In the house, aad also
oil of some kind. Camphorated oil Is
generally the first remedy to use upon
the appearance of a cold. Warm a lit
tie and oil the chest and back las the
lungs come as near to the back as to
the chest, then oil the nose and soles
of the feet. This will often be all that
is necessary; but II 1t is not, make an
onion syrup by slicing raw onions and
covering them well with sugar, and
putting them in the oven until they
are well shrlveled up and the juice ex-
tracted, then give teaspoon occasion
ally. For older children make the
syrup Of treacle by slicing up an onion
and putting 1t to boil in half cup of
golden syrup. When the onion is well
cooked, strain, and give teaspoonful
of the syrup as needed. II the cold
seems very tight, roast onions. then lay
them on napkin and pour warm oil
over them. and put on the child's
chest. This should always be tried in
severe cases.
Manchester Democrat. [volume] (Manchester, Iowa) 1875-1930, 1905-03-08

less the COW is in perfect repose this
secretion will not take place normally.
The lesson to be derived from this is
that the COW should be treated with
the greatest gentleness and be other
wise free from excitement, especially
during the time OF milking or sucking.
Salt for Blackknot.
One Of the strange preventiyes Is
to SOW salt on the ground under
plum tree to keep 1t from having
blackknot. What earthly good 1t can
do is not evident The knot Is causel
by fungus. Spores are thrown Oft
from knot and are carried through
the air. One OF the many hundreds
may find Judgment In a crevice in the
bark of plum tree and begin to
grow. The others perish. The disea se
will spread in the bark and in course
Of time will infect the whole top il
left alone. OF what use is the saltf
1t might kill the germs that come in
contact with 1t, but Its value for that
purpose on the ground is not worth
considering. This is one of the strange
remedies which by some unaccount-
able means got reputation for q
value they do not possess.