davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1905-02-19
About People and Social Incfden7S'
ATT THE WHITE HOUSE.
lFRoM THE tribune BUREAu.l

IFROM TRIBUNE BUREAu.J
Washington, Feb. 1s.-President Roosevelt hao
several conferences this forenoon with Senator'S
and Representatives over the Naval Appropriauon
BILL and In the afternoon summoned Secre'Alr '
Shaw and Morton to discuss the same SUBJECT lac
President is hopeful that Congress will proVloe Ao
at least two hattleshps and from assurances ne re-
ceived to-day it would seem TO be almost ioie
gone conclusion that his arguments VIII prevail
Representative Hamilton, OF Michigan. called 10
introduce to the President delegation OF fotth-
watomie Indians headed by Chief Quisas"a~.
The redrnen are in Washington for the purpose U
pressing claim for large tract or VaiuaOis ia"N
along the lake front in Chicago ..es 80,
The ST. Louis Merchants Exchange Is ensHuS
astically In favor of the Presidents attftuo6 On
freight. rates. and will do all In its power 20 anu
him in the work of securing square oea' Lo'
the small shippers w. p. Kennett. 1. H. nsIiu'
e. s. Tompkins, c. z. Powell and w. n Ian
forth who constitute a committee sent os cue ~
change TO see the President called at the Whlte
House this morning and had a long talk ABOUT the
evils the Chief Magistrate would cure. we were
simply astounded to what tremendous amount
of information bearing on the subject the Fresioee
has at his fingers ends said Mr.. Kenneth ne
seemed to know lust about much about the gram
transportation business as We do, We mad nice
visit to him. and are sincerely hope1ui that ne. wan
succeed in abolishing the rebate evll WHICH, IL a.
lowed to continue. win sooner or later cause the
destruction M the small business OF the coun-
try"
Marcus Braun, president of the Hungarian Ke-
publican Club called at the White House TO give
President Roosevelt a prettily painted menu card
90 tho dinner he attended at Little Hungary on
Tuesday night, and portrait done In embroidery
by an East Side artist. Since the President MADE
us that visit the other night" said Mr. Braun
there are no more Democrats on the EAST sue
The Tammany leader in that district mas to'u MS
friends that he will have to resign
Among the other callers at the White House were
Senators Beveridge and Foraker, a delegation OF
machinists from the Washington Navy Yard VINO
are appealing for an increase or pay Represents
tivas Curtis and Sibley who came to ask for the
promotion of Colonel NJ. E. Hughes, OF the army
and Representative Bartholdt. Of Missouri VINO IN
troduced Hayne Davis. of New-York.
Mrs Roosevelt's gown for the inaugural pail IS
being made In washington. and not in New-York.
as
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1905-02-19

''poor whites cannot afford to be the slaves
of the new industrialism while the blacks are
daily growing in intelligence and capacity for
skilled labor. Yet the child labor laws in sew
eral Southern States put a premium on Just
such change of relative positions.
The work Of the Child Labor Committee is by
no means chiefly in the South. 1t has task to
perform in Rhode Island, which enjoys the ais
creditable distinction of having the largest per
centage of white illteracy OF any State in the
Union. and. as might be expected, one OF the
most useless of child labor laws. Pennsylvania
is now considering amendment of her laws pro-
tecting the children for one year more or their
lives, forbidding night work for them, and' most
important of all, imposing rules OF registration
which do not simply open the door TO perjury
by avaricious parents. Ohio has some good
laws, but in the glass manufacturing ulstrlcts
tributary to Pittsburg competition with fenn-
sylvania has made the law dead letter by
common consent. In Illinois, too, the draft on
childhood of the glass manufacturers is pecui-
iarly heavy. President Roosevelt's call for
child labor laws in the District of Columbia
has borne fruit in phanthropic organization
and efforts at legislation, but, unfortunately,
the end of this Congress is too near to offer
any hope of present substantial results. New
York has in general excellent laws concerning
child labor with effectual safeguards against
evasion The need here is more earnest and
efficient effort for enforcement. No concession
can be made to the croakers about the good old
times when as boys it did them no harm to
work. Conditions have changed. The sweat
shop is not the farm or the grocery. The strain
on both children and adults is more severe, ana
unless children can be kept in school and out
of the grinding machine until at least thirteen
they are likely to be united for after life.
Their protection is not only matter OF social
service but of industrial efficiency.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1905-02-19
NOTES OF SOCIETY IN WASHINGTON

IFRoM THE TRIBUNE BUREAU.1
Washington, FEB. IS-The Secretary or war ana
Mrs Taft entertained a dinner company tonight
Their guests were the Japanese Minister. the Sec
retary Of the Interior and Mrs. Hitchcock Senator
Kean Miss Kean, Senator and Mrs. Ager, Repre-
sentative and Mrs. DalzeH and Mrs Sheridan.
The former Ambassador to Italy and Mrs. Draper
had as dinner guests tonight the Secretary or the
Treasury and Mrs. Shaw, the Secretary Of the
Navy and Mrs. Morton, the Third Assistant sec
rotary of State and Mrs Peirce. Senator and Mrs.
Hopkins. Representative and Mrs. Henry kirke
Porter, Mr.. and Mrs. Frank Ellis, Mrs Stanley
Matthews Mrs Merrill Mrs. Calf. Mrs Sargent,
Mrs Rogers. Senator Bacon, Representative Park
er, Representative Mccall General Wilson and
Colonel Edwards. --e sdui, -rr.le- --~-z--
Senator and Mrs. Fairbanks entertained dinner
guests this evening
Senator and Mrs Dryden entertained the New
Jersey delegation in Congress at dinner Tonight
Those present were Representative and MIS-.
Fowler, Representative and Mrs; Wiley, Repre-
sentative and Mrs. Gardner. Representative and
Mrs Howell Representative and Miss Wood. Mr.
and Mrs Rouzer and Colonel and Mrs. Kuser.
Senator and Mrs Foraker had dinner guests
this evening the Cuban Minister and Sonora
Quesada, Justice and Mrs. Day, Senator aid Mrs
Burrows Senator and Mrs. Scott Senator DICK.
Justice and Mrs Anderson, General and Mrs
Grosvenor, Representative and Mrs Southland.
Representative and Mrs BeidIer Mrs. H. w
Fuller, Miss Foraker and Mr.. Thomas
Mrs w. B. Lamar, wife of Representative
Lamar of Florida, gave George Washington
luncheon to-day. The guests were Senora Calvo,
wife of the Minister from Costa Rica; Sonora
Quesada wife Of the Cuban Minister; Mrs. Edward
D. White Mrs. Seth Shepard. Mrs. Taliaferro, Mrs.
J. S Williams, Mrs J. l.. Slayden Mrs. j. F.
Rxey Mrs. Claude A. Swanson. Mrs. John w.
Foster Mrs. Hannis Taylor. Mrs Talrlage, Mrs.
Henry ST. George Tucker. Mrs Robert l. Fleming,
Mrs Chatard, Mrs. Samuel Spencer. Mrs. G. W.
Brown Mrs. William p. Duvan, Mrs George f.
Becker. Mrs. Benjamin Nicou and Mrs. Francis F.
Nash
Mrs. William Phelps Emo entertained a large
number of guests tonight musical, the artists
coming from New-YOrk. Mr. and Mrs. Emo are
occupying for the winter the home of General and
Mrs A E Bates They will have their yacht here
in the spring and remain in Washington until they
go to their summer place in New-YOrk.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1905-02-19
COUNTERFEIT FOODS.

If man tries to pass a counterfeit dollar ne
is at once in danger of arrest and imprisonment
If however. he is cunning enough TO folst coun-
terfeit food on the public to the extent OF MILL
ions of dollars defrauding the people ana en-
dangering the health of the community, he IS
generally permitted to enjoy uninterrupted
prosperity All the States except two have laws
prohibiting the manufacture and sale of adulter-
ated or misbranded foods and yet in practically
al! of them the makers of faxed" "doped' or
"embalmed' goods are able to flood the mar
kets with their wares In this State in particu-
lar the pure food laws are fiagTantly violated,
and in this city counterfeit foods are for sale
on every side. AS shown in special article On
this subject published elsewhere in The Trib
une this morning the average New-YOrker can
hardly escape from eating some kind of adul-
terated or doctored food every day of his life.
Food adulteration indeed was never practised
more extensively or more boldly than at the
present time. The lax enforcement of the law
has not only prompted swindlers to become
manufacturers that they may amass fortunes
rapidly by means of false brands and "secret
processes but by the pressure of competition
it has driven many others by nature honest
into like paths of deceit and trickery The ex-
cuse is heard again and again, Il must either
"adulterate my goods as my neighbor does or
''go to the WALL
The constant advance in the sciences has
helped these modern masters of the black art
who seek to turn every discovery i'll chemistry
or physics to their own advantage. Consequent
ly there are few foods now manufactured which
are not liable to the faint of adulteration. The
States, therefore, which cannot enforce their
own pure food statutes should welcome a ma
tional law that would be effective. A bill is now
before the United States Senate which would
prohibit interstate commerce in misbrandng
foods by compelling the use of labels giving the
true contents of package According to Sena-
tor Hepburn, an enthusiastic supporter of the
bill, it would compel the manufacturer to tell
the truth" Whatever may be the arguments for
or against this measure, it is certainly step in
the right direction, and merits the most serious
consideration
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1905-02-19
CHILD LABOR.

The meetings of the National Child Labor
Committee which were held in this city last
week gave evidence Of a lively interest on this
subject in every section of the country and
hopeful progress in many States. At the same
time reports of unsatisfactory conditions of
law and law enforcement and as yet unsuc-
cessful efforts at betterment indicated the need
OF a much larger work than has yet been un-
dertaken to protect our coming generation of
citizens from ignorance and premature exhaus-
ton, as dangerous to the nation as they are
pitiful for the individual The committee is
composed of men and women who manifest
great deal Of practical sense in not offering any
formula to legislators but in working in har-
mony with enlightened people in different States
TO secure the most effective protection for chill
dren that local conditions will warrant. No
two places present Just the same problem. In
one, weak laws need strengthening. In an
other, good laws are unenfOrced In third, a
matter of capital Importance is the improve
meDt Of schools to give such training to the
children that they viii really benefit rather
than suffer by exclusion from the factories.
In the last few years great deal OF attention
has been concentrated upon child labor legis-
letion in the South. 1t was inevitable that the
new industrial development OF the South should
go IN advance of the laws regulating employ
ment and that children in large numbers should
be drawn into the mills before the evil of such
employment was realized When efforts to pro-
tect these children were made, unfortunately
the Northern investors in the mills were able
TO appeal TO sectional prejudice and represent
what was simply interest IN the children of the
whole country as Northern jealousy of the pos
sibiiities Of cotton spinning with cheap labor in
the South. Happily many leading Southerners
have dared TO ayow their right as American
iciEzens TO Join In national movements for So
cial betterment and to combat the provincial
notion that self-respect compelseSouthern States
TO resent as an intrusion general work for the
advancement of civilization. AS many Of the
cotton mills are in the country and almost all
OF them are new, the evil effects of child labor
are not yet apparent as in the older industrial
communities. but the need of better safeguards
for the children is gradually making itself felt
IN spite Of the resistance of manufacturers and
the exaggerated theories Of individualism ira
dItiOnal in the Southern States.
One fact which tends toward amelioration is
the attention given by the negroes TO educa
Hon, and especially industrial education Tht
cotton mill operatives are almost exclusively
white. If the poor white children are allowed
10 grow up without schooling and exhaus
their vitality, the reservoir Of white suprem
acy is drained. The strength OF race or civ
ilization must ever be replenished by the ad
vance OF its lower orders. The children of tn,
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1905-02-19
RECIPROCITY WITH CUBA.

Complaint has frequently been made that
under the Reciprocity Treaty OF 1903 we drove
q losing bargain commercially with Cuba. Il
has been said time and again by critics OF
that treaty and by opponents of further trade
concessions TO the Philippines that sacri-
feed much more than we gained when we
ratified the Bliss-Zaldo convention. American
trade with Cuba, it was argued, would show
little or no growth under the tariff concessions
granted us, while Cuban imports would flow
into the United States in ever increasing vol
ume. 1t may be freely admitted that we have
been buying more from Cube-and will continue
to buy more from her-than she buys from u.s.
The demand here for her two great staples-to-
bacco and SUGARS constantly increasing, and
our general capacity for consumption is grow
ing at a greater ratio than hers can possibly
grow. Yet it is encouraging to observe that the
United States too is beginning to profit I'M
der the reciprocity agreement of 1903. Hither-
to it has not been possible to measure with any
accuracy the gain we have made. But, now
that full returns for the first years commerce
under the Bliss-Zaldo convention are available,
It is seen that our bargain with Cuba was really
not so jug-handled as it has been represented
to be.
In the calendar year 1904, according to fig
ures prepared by the Bureau OF Statistics OF
the Department OF Commerce and Labor, our
exports to CUBA increased IN value nearly 4u
per cent We sent to the Cuban market goods
valued at So, 644, 345-a total exceeding that
for any earlier year in the history of our trade
with the island The highest previous totals
were those of 1899 and 1900, when, under our
military occupation, we maintained consid-
cradle garrison and created an exceptional de-
mand for American imports. The totals for
those years were $29.1Sl,700 and $29,176,O00,
respectively In 1901, the last year of the oc-
cupation, the total fell to $2S07S000, and in
1902 the first year of independence, to $26.053,-
1885, Trade being hampered by the uncertain
ties of the fight for reciprocity the total for
| 1903 fell even lower-to $50, 504.417. Now, IN
| der the stimulus of settled commercial relations
and preferential tariff, it is rapidly rising. In
| single year the losses of 1902 and 1903 have
| been made up, and the exceptional records of
| 1899, 1900 and 1901 have been overtaken and
| surpassed
| This expansion in our commerce is not due
| either, to excessive exports Of some single ar.
| ticle, but TO healthy growth along many lines
| There has been notable gain in our exports
of cotton cloths, wheat -four, live cattle mineral
| oils bacon, boots and sh9es lumber furniture
| and machinery. The reciprocity treaty is thus
doing just the work IT was expected to do. II
| is winning greater foothold in the Cuban mar.
| ket for our variegated products while admit
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1905-02-19
TO SAVE NIAGARA.

The Introduction in the legislature OF a joint
resolution memorializing the President and
Congress to enter into negotiations with the
British government TO preserve Niagara Falls
is a revival of an effort made a year ago. The
legislature might htdngly enttle it. AN Appeal
to Congress- to Save Us from Ourselves" The
resolution marks one of the desperate charges
of the now annual winter campaign in the
conflict between those who would preserve
Niagara's beauty and those who would ruth
lessly despoil it for industrial and financial
gain.
SO eagerly and with such shifting of fortune
has this battle been waged that the action of
the legislature has proved singularly inconsist-
ent With one hand it has protected Niagara
and with the other it has violated the reserva-
ton that it created and maintains. On the
Canadian side also like temptations have re-
suited In similar inconsistency, and the pro-
posed appeal to the national government, that
at first thought might seem a humliating con-
fesson of moral weakness. would actually be-
come under existing circumstances, moral
victory. It is the legislative cry to higher
power: Lead us not into temptation; but de-
liver us from evil"
BY coincidence singular and apparently In
congTuous the most serious scenic menace to
Niagara has followed the establishment or
State reservation in order that its beauty might
no fault of the commission. For hundred
years before the State repurchased the prop
erty. Niagara was owned by private family,
and though there was bitter complaint because
they fenced it off-as they had right to do,
having paid for the estate-its beauty was fair
Nv well preserved. The water that poured over
the cataract had substantially all its original
volume. and the great scenic vantage points
Goat Island and 1.-THE park''-were parks then
as now But the advance in the knowledge of
electricity of its generation from waterpower
and of its profitable utilization was almost
coincident with the States creation of the Mag
ara free park and there began between utill-
tarianism and eestheticism a battle far more
stubbornly contested, far evener and for vaster
stakes than had been dreamed of in the old
days of desultory discussion. For the cham
pions of Niagara's beauty to call now for the
aid of Congress is no more Illuminating than
for a general when the battle presses, to call
10 the reserves 1t would be the right action
at the right time.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1905-02-19
BY RAIL TO KEY WEST

According to THE Scientific American" the
Florida East Coast Railway Company has de-
clded, to extend its line from Miami to Key
West distance of nearly a hundred and fifty
miles The project has been under considera-
ton for two or three years, but the surveys on
which a favorable decision rested were COM
pleted only a short time ago. Doubts concern
ing its feasibility have been entertained by en-
gineers because the route did not lie entirely
on land. 1t followed a chain of small islands
and the aggregate width of the intervening
channels is upward of forty miles. Evidently
the companys advisers do not regard the diff
fculty thus presented insuperable. By bridging
the gaps-some of them rather long-with an ele
waited steel structure which will stand in shall
low water, they think it will be practicable to
provide safe transit by rail to the southernmost
extremity of the State of Florida.
Key West is known principally for two things
1t is the centre of a big production of cigars
1t is also winter resort which is steadily. if
not rapidly, growing in popularity. Visitors
reach it now only by boat from Miami, Havana
or Northern ports on the Atlantic Coast Sit
uated on one side of the strait from which the
Gulf Stream issues, 1t has a warm moist eli
mate that is notably uniform but is espe-
cially enjoyable when cold weather prevails
elsewhere. Famous stories are told about the
abundance and cheapness Of flowers there and
the good fishing which may be found In adj
jacent waters. Any improvement in the facili-
ties for getting there would undoubtedly be
followed by an increase in winter travel
Whether the attractlyeness of the place if
self would remain unaltered, though, is an
other question. Tastes differ, and it is impos-
sble TO set up standard that is equally ac-
ceptabie to everybody; but more than one de-
lightful spot In the mountains and by the sea
has lost its charm for certain fastdious few
when it lost its isolation. The change NAV he
indirect rather than direct, but it is not infre-
quently discernible. Sometimes. for instance
an invasion works a subtle alteration in Tho
character OF the permanent residents. Their
simplicity diminishes, if it does not vanish they
grow mercenary, and in other ways they seem
to be spoiled by contact with newcomers Per-
haps the latter are more TO blame for these
consequences than are the natives themselves
but the effect is only too real. 10 predict that
Key West will suffer thus would, of course he
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1905-02-19

ting from Cuba on easier terms a few great
staples for which there is a surplus demand
here and which in no sense trench or threat
en- the prosperity of native industries. We need
not grudge Cuba the larger opportunities she
enjoys as a seller under the reciprocity agree
ment. For as a purchaser. as well, she seems
ready to do her part in living up to the aims
and spirit of the 1903 treaty
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1905-02-19

Reform by crusade is better, perhaps than no
reform. but in order to be lasting and eftectuaI
reform. like growth. should not be spasmodlcal
and historical. Sometimes it seems that certain
officials are afraid they will be forgotten ana
hence start up spectacular and spasmodic re-
form which keeps its pace for day or TWO ana
then is forgotten to be followed however, III
due course of time by another crusade. SUCH
in fact. seems to be the rule in certain depart
ments of the city government. and probably will
continue to be the rule until the people learn
how to appreciate such methods.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1905-02-19

The Society of the Army of Santiago de Cuba
has undertaken the patriotic task of marking
the battlehelds from Siboney to Santiago. Its
labors will add interest to scenes which have
attracted, and will continue to attract. many
American travellers to Eastern Cuba
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1905-02-19

Chicago is now the seat of an interesting
scientific inquiry into wheat movements and
prices.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1905-02-19

The Judge before whom the trial OF Chris
topher Smith took place did his full duty. Inc
reckless adventurer seemed bent upon filing MS
pockets by burglary. and the sentence WHICH
sends him to State prison for twenty-five years
ia not too severe If the prisoner shows any
d;snosition to reform while under confinement
there will be plentiful opportunity to display it.
and Tins shorten his detention in Jail
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1905-02-19

neither kind nor altogether justifable, but 1t is
natural to wonder whether she viii remain thor
oughly immune.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1905-02-19

DR.. Charles F. Roberts, of the physicians
of the Board of Health, pronounces the state
ment of DR.. Dyer, Of New-Orleans. that there
arr two hundred lepers walking the streets OF
New-York. a gross exaggeration. This is re-
assuring, but not wholly satisfactory. In view
OF Dr. Robertss further statement that there
are only three cases of leprosy known to the
Board of Health which are not in some nstitu-
ton and his minimizing of the dangers OF lep-
rosy by citing the report OF the committee OF
the New-York Medical Society in 1896, which
declared leprosy not contagious. The public
would like to know what disposition, If any, has
been made of the three cases which DR.. Roberts
admits are not in some institution 1t may be
also that the Medical Society of New-York Is
right In its opinion that eprosy is not conta-
gious but in view of the history of that dread
disease the people would greatly prefer to have
the benefit of the doubt they may naturally en-
terrain as to the infallibility of that opinion,
especially as it does not appear to be generally
accepted by the medical profession itself.
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1905-02-19

The weekly meeting OF the BadmintOn Club took
place yesterday in the afternoon. the 18th Resi
ment ArmOry