The Abbeville press and banner. [volume] (Abbeville, S.C.) 1869-1924, 1905-06-28

congratulate you, Mi. Oyerseer," said
the Spectator, ION the good read You
have made. It is fine, fner' The rug
ged face Of the overseer was wreathed
In smiles, and his cheeks glowed WITH
pleasure. Then, as he spoke, his look
became serious
"Well, I tell you how it was, Nh.
Spectator. Last fall I took a drive down
to Blank''--nsmng a large town 90
miles away and three counties of-"and
I seen some roads that made me ashamed
of the old mudholes up here, and I says
to myself, If ever I work the roads Of
my district again, Twill have good roads
too SO ! asked 'em how they did it,
and, by George, they tell me that they
didn't do nothin but keep the stones
outen the road, keep the sods of, and
open up the bitches so as the, roads
wouldn't wash. And that's all I done
this spring, but I kept on a-doin it, and
though We had the worst washes this
summer I ever see, the roads In my dis
trict have been better than they ever
was afore. Next year." he continued,
IT mean to tell the town committee that
I will take a mile. more of road, and
don't want no more money than I been
gettin."
Now, on this little excursion from
home, this honest old farmer had learn
ed the real secret Of road making, and
be had had the sense to apply it when
he resumed work in his district Water
ls at once the most destructive and the
most beneficial force that the road maker
and the road repairer has to contend
with and to count on, II it be harnessed.
90 to speak, it can be made to Keep the
roads clean and smooth and hard; if It
be uncontrolled, it is sur to wash the
roads into ruts and make them all but
impossible. Drainage is the most essen
tial feature Of a road, and in most in
stances this is simplicity itself.
In the Spectators experience be has
rarely come across a country road maker
who did not believe that the sods taken
out Of the side bitches should be put in
to the road to be ground up into dust BY
the wagon wheels, converted into mud
By the rains and finally waRhed back
into the ditohea again. This process Of
road repairing does no good at any time,
as the road 80 worked il usually-in.
deed, in nine cases out Of t~en--bettas
when the repairer puts bis hurtful hand
upon II than AT any other time.
II is 80 easy to make a good dirt road
and to keep it In order that II seems
ever a wonder to the Spectator that In
this country, where the people plume
themselves upon their ingenuity and
adaptability, they should keep on being
stupid In this very important matter Of
road repairing. The Spectator knows
from actual experience that in the aver
age country n~eighborhood the roads can
be kept in most excellent order ten
months In the year with the money that
is now spent on them. If elementary in.
struction in drainage could be given to
the overseers Of the roada, then the
POWERS Of nature, now only destructive,
could be made to do most Of the neces'
sary work of road repairing. The spring
rains can be made to do the work OF
road scraper3, and the summer rains
will more frequently than not suffice to
keep the roads moderately tree from
dust,
A good dirt road should have . slight
crown, 30 that the water will drain each
vayfrem the center to the side ditch,
and there should be no intervening strip
Of sod between the roadway and the
ditch. The second requirement is most
important, and it ia almost universally
diaregarded. The sod is tougher than
dirt, and it also becomes higher. The
grass being permitted to grow, its edge
forms q ridge which interrupts the
drainage, and then, when the rainfall
IL heavy, there is sure to be q gully
above the ditoh-a gully which in a lit
tie while will extend into the roadway
and make it more or less impossible.
The crown to dirt road, or to any road
for that matter, should b. higher or .
grade or hill than on q level stretch.
The rainfall on a hillside runs off with
greater velocity and therefore does more
damage. Therefore it should be diverted
from the surface Of the road even more
quickly at such places than where the
grade Ia level. These few simple en-
gineering principles, it seems TO the
Spectator, could be Intoxicated and the
rural population relieved Of a very
heavy burden without any cost what
sver In the first instance Outlook