davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1905-06-28
SHARON OFFICIAL
COMES FOR MURPHY
ALLEGED EM6EZZLER OF CAR
PENTERS' UNION FUNDS WILL
BE TAKEN BACK TO PENNSYL-
WANNA FOR TRIAL.

Lieutenant of Police Samuel II. Lans-
down of Sharon. Pa. arrived in Birming-
ham last night for w T. Murphy, the
white man who was arrested few days
ago in Jasper on a charge of embezzle-
ment
Murphy is u carpenter. and has been in
Birmingham for several weeks going un-
der tho name of ]. w. Mcdonald.
About two weeks ago he left here and
went to Jasper. A few days later some
local carpenters received their trade jour-
nal in which was printed the picture of
w. r. Murphy, financial secretary of the
local carpenters union at Sharon, Pa.
who it was alleged had abseonded with
the funds of the union. They recognized
the picture at once as being that OF j.
w. Mcdonald and reported the matter to
police headquarters.
The man was brought TO this city where
he is being held in tho county jail, The
officers at Sharon We're notified and as
soon as necessary requisition papers could
be secured, Mr.. Lansdown came after
him.
Mr.. Lansdown said: Murphy was finan-
] elal secretary and walking delegate for
I the Carpenters union at Sharon and had
charge of the funds of the union, Some
time ago he disappeared with about $1,000
of the funds entrusted to him. The car
penters of Sharon are very DESTROYS that
he be taken back and prosecuted for his
breach of confidence"
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1905-06-28
KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS.
Jefferson Valley Lodge Elects Officers
F. M. Jones Chancellor Commander.

Jeeffrson Valley lodge No. Il, Knights
of Pythias. held their regular meeting
last night and after going through the
regular order of business, the following
ofhoars were elected;
L. NJ. Jones, chancellor commander; ].
c. Elder vice chancellor; G. d. Perdue,
prelate; r. Marcus, master at arms;
Henry Behrens, inner guard; Edward
Chapel, outer guard.
Conrad II. ohme, the retiring chancel-
lor commander, was elected to the honor
ary office of master of work. vote of
thanks was unanimously carried. ex-
pressing the appreciation of the lodge
for the valuable service rendered by the
retiring officer.
The newly elected officers will be in
stalled THURSDAY night, July 6, at Mag
nola hall ut the joint installation of the
officers of all the Pythian lodges in the
district. The attendance at the meeting
last night was unusually large.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1905-06-28
UNCLE SAM LAYS
IN AMMUNITION
CONTRACT is LET FOR NINE MIL
LION ROUNDS-THE DEPART
MENT URGES ESTABLISHMENT
OF MORE PRIVATE PLANTS.

Washington June GA contract for
nine million rounds of ball cartridges of
calioer 80 was awarded today by Acting
Secretary Oliver of the war department,
the CONTRACT being equally divided be-
tween the Winchester Repeating Arms
company the Union Metallic Cartridge
company ard the United States Cartridge
company.
The lid CT tile blake Rifle company
was sithdraBn by that company upon
suggestion OF the department that its
policy was not To make an award where
the establishment of plant was oontin-
gent upon the fulnnment of the con-
tract.
The bid Of the Ihree companies, among
whom the contract is divided, was iden-
IDEAL in every particular, the price of
each being $3.50 per 1000 rounds. The
bid of the Blake company, which was
withdrawn was $33 per 1000 In making
the award, General crozier chief of ord
nance, said that there was no eompetl-
ton in either the price, the time of de-
livery or any of the other clements OF
the proposals" This comment referred
10 the bids of the three successful com
panies THE price at which this ammu-
ID lalanHidNidAtu dl lht
arsenal "a government arsenaD," Genera
Crozier says. us $50 per LOGO rounds
which includes material and labor. light
beat power, part OF the deterioration OF
:the plant and superintendent; it also
includes all that must be paid for the
naHufaeture eff the ammunition.
although The price bid is very high
ind thu establishments ha<ng plants
have not chosen to compete with each
other, / nevertheless consider it desirable
that private plants shall be prepared Tor
an1 have experience in the manufacture
OF small arms ammunition, which Is
aeedtd SO desperately and in such large
quantities in time of war;
The original proposal called for bids on
15.00o, 00o rounds but owing To the evil
dent lack of competition the amount was
cut Il nine million rounds.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1905-06-28
WEAVER SAYS END
IS NOT IN SIGHT
Tells Dentists Tha. Philadelphia VIII
Yet Be Clean and Inhablt-
able City.

Philadelphia, June 27.-Referring to the
political situation Mayor Weaver. in ad
dressing the Pennsylvania State Denta
saciety today said.
The political fight for purity in the
city of Philadelphia has scarcely more
than begun The victory has not beer
due as much to the efforts of one mar
as to the spirit of its full blooded Ameri-
can citizens, and before we are through
the city will be so clean that an I'M
scruplous principal will be able to find
no place here to operate, and We hope
TO completely drive them out.
promise you that the end is not in
sight yet. There is much more to be
done, and | confide this to you because
need the assistance of every true minded
citizen of the city. To those other OF
You who come from other parts of the
state, | may add that the reform is only
an example that may soon be followed
elsewhere"
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1905-06-28
CAPT. r. D. GRAHAM
COMMITS SUICIDE
Was Son OF, William A. Graham, at One
Time Governor of North
Carolina.

Washington, June 27.-Capt. Robert Gra-
ham, a lawyer 60 years old, who served
in the Confederate army throughout the
civil war, and the son of former cabinet
officer leaped from a window of the
sixth floor Of an apartment house today
and was so seriously injured that he died
a few minutes after being picked up
lie had been ill for some time and it
is thought became Respondent. The coro-
ner gave certificate of death from
suicide Captain Graham was a native of
North Carolina, and a son of William A.
Graham, at one time governor of that
state and secretary of the navy in the
cabinet of President Pierce. The deceased
was for several years secretary of the
civil service commission during the admin-
ostration of President Cleveland. The re-
mains were taken to North Carolina for
interment.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1905-06-28
BAPTIST MISSIONARY WORK.
" oman's Assocatonal Union of Bir-
mineham District to Meet.

The Associational union of the Baptist
Womans Missionary society of the Bir-
mingham district will hold its regular
quarterly meeting Friday, June 30, at 1880
a. m. at Pratt City
The following programme has been ar
ranged.
Devotional exercises-Miss Lois Mckenzie.
Song-"Saviour, Thy Dying Love"
Reading of minutes and reports from
churches.
Song-NTrs. Hendricks.
Review of the life of Yates-Mrs. Bus
sey.
Song-"Take My Life"
Miss Buhlmaier's work-Miss Gilbert.
Song-Miss Wakefield
Echoes from the convention:
Mountain Scholars. Hendricks.
Hospital-Mrs Barrstt.
Margaret Home-MT. Malone
Home for young women in the training
school of the Southern Baptist conven-
tion--Mrs. Nesey.
Adjournment. Prayer by Mrs. Hamilton.
The afternoon session will be devoted
10 reports from the Howard College Co
operative association.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1905-06-28
EAST LAKE WANTS
TRACK SPRINKLED
COUNCIL ADOPTS ORDINANCE RE.
oUEsTlNG BIRMINGHAM RAIL.
WAY, LIGHT AND POWER CO. To
KEEP DOWN THE DUST.

At meeting of the East Lake eitv
eouiieH last night resolution was adopt
Cd requesting the Birmingham Railway.
Light and Power company to sprinkle
It's tracks between Birmingham and East
Lake SO as to effectively lay the dust that
aceumulates in such large quantities
along the line during the summer months.
by vote of six to one the board turned
down the ordinance introduced at the
last session to prohibit the Sunday amuse-
ments at East Lake.
The sprinkling ordinance was introduced
by Alderman Waldrop. It is as follows:
Whereas, the East Lake line of the
Birmingham Railway, Light and Power
company is operated within the city linn
Its of the cities of Birmingham, Avon
dale, Woodlawn and East Lake upon
tracks laid down in the public thorough
fares thereof; and
Whereas the travel along said thor
oughfares is exceedingly heavy: and
whereas the continuous travel causes
dust to accumulate on the roadbed of
said car line, this being especially true
along said line from Avondale station to
Twenty third street. Birmingham: and
that by reason of the velocity of the car,
its weight and its rapidly revolving
wheels. volumes of dust are raised and
carried by the winds to the streets adj
iaeent to said tracks and upon the pas
sengers on said car, said clouds of dust
being detrimental to the health and COM
fort of the inhabitants of said cities and
to said passengers: be it, therefore,
Resolved By the Board of Mayor and
Aldermen of the town of East Lake that
the said corporation be requested to wa
ter their tracks so as to effectively lay
the dust within their tracks. be it fur
ther
Resolved, That a copy of these resolu-
tions be forwarded to the municipalities
of Birmingham, Avondale and Woodlawn
and also that copy be sent to the Bir-
mingham Agn-Herald, Birmingham News
and Birmingham Ledge respectively, re-
questing them to lend their aid to the
furtheranee of this matter and also that
the citizens and commercial bodies of said
cities be requested TO lend their co-opera-
ton.
Further. That We wish to express our
appreciation to said corporation for the
efficient service now in operation on said
East Lake line and for the careful con-
sideration, which we feel assured, they
will give this request. and that a copy
hereof be sent TO said corporation
The following members of the board
were present last night: Mayor Robin
son. Aldermen Finch crull, Meclendon
Montgomery. Blackburn and Burehfield
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1905-06-28
PRATT CITY MASONS
GO TO BESSEMER
MANY PEOPLE ATTENDED PUBLIC
INSTALLATION OF OFFICERS At
THE MARVEL CITY YESTERDAY.
Mr.. HENDRICKS RESIGNS.

Pratt City, June Especial 1.-The
Pratt City Masons, accompanied by their
families and number of friends, went
to Bessemer this morning for the pur-
pose of attending the picnic and public
installation of the Masonic lodges in that
city. The party left this city at o'clock
this morning on a special car and re-
turned this afternoon at 3 o'clock.
The officers of the Pratt City lodges who
were installed this morning were:
Flodia lodge, No. $50, Ancient Free and
Accepted Masons-T. S. Page. worshipful
master; T. L. scovall, senior warden.
J. T. Massengale, junior warden; r. f.
Lovelady, treasurer; J.. r. Diekerson, Sec
rotary: George Blankenhorn tyler; Joseph
Smart, senior deacon. r. NJ. Cole, Junior
deacon Pratt City chapter. No. los. Royal
Arch Masons-Charles D. Comstook, high
priest; Thomas S Page. king I. L.
stovall, scribe; Lee Tate. royal arch cap
tain; A. H. Daniel, principal sojourner;
Sam Foley, captain of the host; e. r.
Dckerson. master of the third veil; J. T.
Massengale. master of the second veil:
j. w Waltersdorf, master of the first
veil; e. ]. Hudnall, secretary; r. II. Ham
rick, treasurer; A. A. Simmons, sentinel
Closes School.
The closing exercises of the schools of
Prof J. d. Patton took place this after
noon and tonight and were in every way
a distinct success. A very interesting
programme was carried out and large
crowds were present at the exercises.
The session of the school just past was
a great success there being over 100
students in attendance.
Personal and General.
Mrs w. r. Atkinson left today for
Bloomington, ILL.,. her former home, where
she will spend several weeks with her
parents.
Miss Flora and Miss Hattie Walker of
Newman, Ca, are the guests of their
cousin, Miss Minnie Culpeper.
Alderman w. C. Mcdonald has returned
from a trip to Jefferson City, Tenn.
The Rev. ]. A. Hendricks, pastor of
the First Baptist church. who was yes
terday elected professor of English at
Howard college, has rendered his resig-
nation to the congrega ton of the church
to take effect on September 1.
Mr.. Hendricks has been paster of the
Baptist church for over two years and
all the Christian people of the city Keen
ly regret his departure from Pratt City.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1905-06-28
SECRETARY HAY IS
STILL IMPROVING
Cold and Wet Weather Make Progress
Slow, But the Family Is
Greatly Assured.

Newbury. N. H., June 27.-The condition
of Secretary of State John Hay continued
favorable tonight after a comfortable
day The physicians decline to discuss
the case, but DR.. Scudder said that the
secretary had passed a pleasant and COM
Portable day.
The cold wet weather has proved a
drawback, but notwithstanding the Damp
ness Mr.. Hays condition has improved
noticeably since Sunday night.
Mrs. Hay felt greatly encouraged to-
day and sent a telegram TO Payne Whit
ney her son-in-law, advising him and
Mrs. Whitney to sail for Europe as they
intended.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1905-06-28
Real Estate Transfers.

The following real estate transfers have
been filed in the office of the clerk of the
probate court:
Mary C. Robertson to r. d Burnett and
Max ]. Winkler, lots II. IS, 10 and 20,
block lis, Birmingham; consideration.
$12,500.
w. II. Worthington and wife to H. d.
Smith, lots l, 2, and 4. block Az, Biz
mingham; consideration. $500.
Mrs. Elizabeth Thompson and husband
to Mrs. Florence e. Jordan. half of lot 3,
block $685. Birmingham; consideration,
$500.
North Birmingham Land company to
i Birmingham Frog and Crossing works.
lot on First avenue; consideration, $12o0.
Mrs. E. Bandeman to Agnes r. Land,
lot Is, block AIS, Birmingham; considera-
ton, $780,
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1905-06-28
IOHN WESLEY GAINES
HAS FIST FIGHT
Quarrels Over a Bundle of Laundry
and Has an Abrasion on Left
Jaw as a Result.

Nashville, Tenn. June 27-Congressman
John Wesley Gaines of this city and e.
W Thompson, clerk In the office of a
local steam laundry engaged in a per-
scnal alteration this afternoon as a re-
suit of which both were placed under
arrest by Chief of Police Curran, who
happened to be present. The trouble oc-
CURED in the laundry over package
belonging to Mr.. Gaines and had not
proceeded far when Chief Curran inter-
fered. A slight abrasion ON the con-
CHEESEMAN'S left jaw is the only evidence
of the quarrel.
Asked about the affair, Mr.. Gaines
said:
"He insulted me and 1 slapped him.
That is all"
During the excitement over the fight a
young lady clerk i'm the office tainted
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1905-06-28
HEARING POSTPONED.
Arguments In Habeas Corpus Proceed.
ings VIII Be Heard Monday.

The hearing of the arguments of the
counsel in the habeas corpus proceedings
instituted by the attorneys for J. A. Tur-
ner, mayor of Adamsvllle, were continued
for the second time yesterday by Judge
Weaver on account of the absence of the
states witnesses. Judge Weaver fixed
Thursday morning as the time for the
hearing
Turner who was charged with murder,
was arrested several days ago ON an in
dictment returned by the grand jury, and
his counsel. FRANK 5. White & Sons, soon
after instituted habeas corpus proceed
ings, seeking to secure his release from
Jail. Assistant Solicitor Arid will prob
ably make the arguments for the state
and will be opposed by Attorney w. 7
White.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1905-06-28
BOY SAVES TRAIN
FROM BAD WRECK
Wallace Moore Finds Switch Open and
Waves His Hat to Stop
Train.

Altoona, Pa, June 27.-The northbound
passenger train on the Triona division
between Sand Ridge and Oseeola es-
capped with what might have been a
serious wreck, and probable loss of life
among the 12S passengers who were
aboard.
near the railroad, noticed that a switch
had been opened. and knowing that the
passenger train would soon be due, stood
on the track until the train approached
when he waved his hat and succeeded in
stopping the train.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1905-06-28
FIRST AVENUE.


The court house is beginning to take
on its summer appearance. In other
words, very little business is being done
In any of the courts except the criminal.
The clerks and registers of the various
courts. however, are working hard and
will probably do so the entire summer,
as the past term has been an unusually
busy one. Adjournment will be taken in
all the courts Friday until The first Mon
day in October
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1905-06-28
City Court.

SECOND DIVISIoN-Judge Charles W.
Ferguson presiding:
Judge Ferguson in the second division
of the city court yesterday, after hear
ing the arguments of the counsel, over
ruled the motions for new trials in the
cases of Jefferson d. Meyers VS.. the Bir-
mingham Rolling Mill company and J..
w. Wills VS.. the Birmingham Railway,
Light and Power company.
Suit has been filed in the city court by
Harrison odom against the Tennessee
Coal, Iron and Railroad company for s10,-
900 damages. 1t is alleged that the plain
tiff received severe and permanent in
juries at one of the mines of the defend
ant near Bessemer on February Ia, 1905.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1905-06-28
TRAIN BREAKS LOOSE.
Crashes Down Mountain Road In Pas
seneer Train In Rear.

Denver, Colo, June H.-While climbing
the steep grade into Castle Rock, Colo,
a heavily laden freight train going south
broke in two sections and thirty-three
cars, rushing down the hill, crashed into
the head of a Colorado and Southern pas
senger train, demolishing the locomotive.
Nearly all of the coaches of the passen-
ger train were derailed and many pas
sengers were badly bruised, but none, 1t
is reported. were fatally injured
Frank McAdams of Denver who was
freight fireman, was killed.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1905-06-28
Circuit Court.

Nothing demanding his attention came
up before Judge A. A. Coleman in the
circuit court yesterday.
In the office of the clerk of the circuit
court yesterday Harriette Cleveland filed
suit against the st. Louis and San Fran
cisco Railroad company, claiming dam
ages to the amount of $780, 1t is alleged
in the complaint that the plaintiff pur-
chased a ticket from the railroad COM
pany and that she was carried beyond
her destination, much to her inconveni-
ence, harm and injury.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1905-06-28
Criminal Court.

FIRST DIVIsloN-Judge Samuel Wea-
yer presiding:
Elijah Jones, charged with burglary
and grand larceny, pleaded guilty before
Judge Weaver in the first division of the
criminal court yesterday. Jones broke
into the residence of j. b. Cobbs, on
Eighteenth street, between Seventh and
Eighth avenues, making away with some
jewelry and other valuables
The following convictions were also re-
turned:
Jesse Davis, grand larceny.
Susie Kelley assault.
Buck Coleman, burglary and grand lar
eeny.
Wright Haywood, burglary and grand
lareo ny.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1905-06-28
Killed BY Boiler Explosion.

Hot Springs. Ark, June 27.--W. d. Nc
Dowell was instantly killed and his son
john fatally injured by the explosion
of boiler at the Mcdowell saw mill,
fifteen miles west of here, today. II. G.
Moncrief and ID. Matthias, mill employees,
were seriously injured. The elder Nc
Dowell was adjusting the pump when the
boiler blew up with terrific force. Nc
Dowelrs head was blown off and pieces
of the boiler and other machinery were
thrown one hundred or more feet. The
mill is a complete wreck.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1905-06-28
Hill Dies From Injuries.

Waynesboro, Ga, June 27.-John Hill
died this afternoon in Augusta from the
wounds he received here yesterday in the
shooting ARRAY between l.. Schrameck
OF Augusta and D. C. Curtis of st. Clair.
on the one side, and John Hill and l.. ID.
Hill. brothers. on the other. This death
makes the third victim. Schrameck and
Curtis having been instantly killed
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1905-06-28
No Betting at St. Louis Track.

st. Louis, June 27.-sherifr Herpel with
a force of deputies, was put at Delmar
race track today and announced that any
attempt at betting or bookmaking would
result in arrests The races were run
hut there was no betting and the betting
ring was deserted. Comparatively few
spectators We're present.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1905-06-28
Camp tiardee Meets Saturday.

Camp Hardee. United Confederate Vet
Grams will hold their regular monthly
meeting at the Commercial club rooms in
the Linn building next Saturday afternoon
at o'clock. This viii be the first meet
ing In their new quarters. and the first
the camp has held since the annual re-
union at Louisville. 1t is desired that all
members be present.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1905-06-28
Marriage Licenses.

Marriage licenses have been issued
from the probate court as follows:
Thomas Galloway of East Lake to May
London.
Murray Melton Howard of Atlanta to
Miss Annie Kidd Hornady.
James H. Summers of Memphis to Miss
Elizabeth Stephens.
William v Cunningham of Watson to
Miss Lee Springfield.
voiney B. Goggard of Birmingham to
Miss Alice NJ. Huffman.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1905-06-28
Trolley Excursion Postponed.

The trolley excursion that was to have
been given last night to the Sunday school
children of the Fountain Heights Baptist
church was postponed until tonight on
account of rain The cars will start from
the church at Tenth avenue and Thir-
teenth street, north, tonight promptly at s
o'clock. The cars will go 10 Bessemer and
raflIrn
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1905-06-28
IRON ORE.
Tennessee Company Makes Record
at Readers Mine.

At the Tennessee Coal, Iron and Rail-
road companys iron ore mines known as
Readers. 2750 tons were recently mined
crushed. and loaded in one day of ten
hours Officials of the company say this
exceeds any previous record.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1905-06-28
Notice to Contractors.

Sealed proposals will be received by the
undersigned until II o'clock noon We'd
nesday, July s. 1905. for sidewalk paving
on Avenue II, between Twelfth and Twen-
tieth streets. 4.ff
tSigned) JULIAN kENpRlch,
s-2S-st City Engineer.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1905-06-28

in the ehancery court yesterday by Chan
cellor Benners:
7. g. Roberts VS.. Alice Roberts; sub
mitted for decree.
Maclin sloss ct al. vs. Steiner Brothers;
decree sustaining demurrer.
The case of Ella Brown VS.. ]. w, Bush
ct al. Is docketed for hearing in the chan
Gerry court today.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1905-06-28
Empress Has Fully Recovered.

Berlin, June 27.-The Empress having
fully recovered from her recent indispo-
sition starts for I<iel this evening to wit
ness the closing of the regatta. Her
majesty will join the Emperor tomorrow
on board the imperial yacht Hohenzol-
lern.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1905-06-28
White Man Held.

Charles Smith, white was bound over
to the criminal court of jefferson county
yesterday by Judge -Feagin in police court
on charge of grand larceny. The amount
of his bond was placed at $3.50.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1905-06-28
WE SELL

To a quick buyer cheap a
corner lOOx14O in the neigh
borhood of 18th ST. and Ave.
"E. Rents $4,000 per month.
See w. G. Oliver & Co.. Room
IL Watts Building. B o t b
Phones sos.
The Birmingham age-herald. [volume] (Birmingham, Ala.) 1902-1950, 1905-06-28
Chancery Court.

Chancellor A. II. Benners presiding:
The following business was disposed OF