davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The La Jara chronicle., 1905-10-20

The Department of Agriculture is
Just issuing an attractive illustrated
bulletin on school gardens. In his in
troductory, DR.. Galloway, Chief of the
Bureau of Plant Industry, says, that
as agriculture in its broadest sense is
the primary basis of wealth in the
United States, it seems essential that
efforts should be made in our general
educational system to bring early to the
mind Of the child facts which will he
OF value as emphasizing the importance
and necessity of Agricultural work.
There is no better way to do this, he
says, than through a well-managed and
well conducted system of school garden
training which early awakens interest
in an industry which means much to
the future prosperity of the country.
When the work of handling Congress
sional free seed distribution was turned
over to the Bureau of Plant Industry
several years ago efforts were made to
arouse interest on the part of members
of Congress with large city constitucn-
cies, who might be able to encourage
the school garden movement through
the distribution of specially prepared
seed packages. Since then millions of
! packages Of seeds have been distributed
The La Jara chronicle., 1905-10-20

The country has realized for some
time that it has in its Secretary Of
Agriculture a real farmer; its new
Assistant Secretary is likewise a
farmer. and unless all records and ap-
psarances are false. good one. He
has the valuable faculty Of knowing
how to do things. and at the same time
to be able to tell others how. This
Assistant Secretary is Willett NJ. Hays.
Professor Hays was Secretary Wilson's
choice for Assistant Secretary, after
Colonel Brigham's death, and it ap-
pears as though Professor Hays ap-
pointment was anything but political
one. There is a fine entente cordial
between these two broad-gauge men
and the work of the Department has
taken distinct forward sweep since
Mr.. Hays appointment He put his
shoulder to the wheel at once and
seemed able to dispense with the usual
two or three months of breaking in,"
The La Jara chronicle., 1905-10-20
FROM POLE TO EQUATOR.
Arctic Explorer Now Penetrating
the Heart of Africa.

Whether in the frigid grip of the
north polar country or the burning
sands of tropical Africa, the Duke of
Abruzzi seems equally at home. This
Italian scientist. who made such high
reputation by his recent arctic explora-
tions. has started for unknown regions
of Central Africa with n fully equipped
expedition. proposing to explore the
Ruwenzori Mountains and climb their
highest peaks. This range crosses the
Equator in the vicinity of the Lakes
Nvanza. whence flow the waters of the
Nile. 1t is some eighty miles long, a
vast pile of blaC-. rock hurled upward
in some ancient convulsion of Nature.
The English explorer, Stanley, found
Euwenzori twenty years ago. 1t was
pointed out to him as big salt noun
tain. AS the sun ascended, it assumed
shape before his view-a great noun
tain clothed in snow-and it took him
weeks of travel to find out that it be-
longed to range. Stanley believed
that the Ruwenzori range and the
Mountains of the Moon. which can be
found on old maps. are identical. Ac-
cording to the old biographies. the
waters of the Nile rise in the Noun
tains Of the Moon.
The Duke of AbruZzi has a difficult
task before him to conquer the Noun
.ainS of the Moon, even though their
submits fall somewhat short Of that
orb. a large quantity of supplies must
be carried on the backs of natives, and
though the start will be made in the
most torrid of tropical climes, the party
will soon ascend into temperate regions
and then trudge for months in truly
polar climate.
The La Jara chronicle., 1905-10-20

in this way in the cities, and the result
has been that much school garden work
has been organized and thousands of
pupils have learned something Of grow
ing plants.
A small tract of land back Of the De-
partment of Agriculture Building has
been set aside for model school garden
work.
The bulletin in question has illustra-
tions of a number of successful school
gardens in various cities, and has plans
outlined for carrying on such work
The following interesting paragraph is
quoted from the bulletin on the work at
Hampton Institute, Virginia.:
"When it was announced two years
ago to the children of the Whittier
school that they we're to be taught gar.
dening on a two-acre tract the news
was received with mixed feelings.
While the little ones were pleased, the
older girls thought it a disgrace to
work in the fields. After two years
there are no pupils in the school who
do not look forward with eagerness to
this work. If 1t 10 necessary to be ab-
sent from school, they think II must
not b on gardening day"
The La Jara chronicle., 1905-10-20
Breeding up Plants.

The work which has made Professor
Hays most famous is his plant-breeding
The La Jara chronicle., 1905-10-20

WILLET NJ HAYS, ASSISTANT SECRE-
D TARY OF AGRICULTURE.
which an Assistant Secretary for big
department usually undergoes. He fits
his environment well wherever he hap
pens to be. Instructing his classes in
the field at the University OF Mime
sofa, located just between the Twin
Cities, you would have suspected that
Professor Hays seldom visited st. Paul
or Minneapolis; on the other hand,
when you see him walking along the
streets in Washington you would
scarcely expect him to be able to drop
straight furrow. But in coming city.
ward and wearing a crease in his
trousers he has not lost his straight
The La Jara chronicle., 1905-10-20
GROWTH OF RAILROADS.
INTERSTATE COMMERCE CON-
MISSION PLACES PAR VALUE
At IS MILLIONS.
More than Three Quarters of Billion
Dollars Paid Out Annually by the
companies In Salaries to Over q
Million Regular Employees.

The annual report Of the Interstate
Commerce Commission, giving rail-
road statistics at the end Of 1904,
shows the enormous total of 297 ,O73
miles of railroad in the United
States. More recent railroad construc-
ton has brought this figure up to
more than 3OU,UOO miles. The num-
Der of railroad corporations included
in the report was 2,1U4. That the
railroads are prosperous is shown by
the fact that only 1923 miles of road
were in the hands of receivers.
The total number of locomotives in
use was 46,743 and of cars, exclusive
of those owned by private companies,
79S.OO0. OF these, $4,000 were in
the passenger service and 1,G92,000
engaged in hauling freight. Prac-
tically all the passenger locomotives
and cars We're equipped with air
brakes and automatic couplers, and
the same was true of freight locomo-
tives and a large majority of freight
cars.
The number of persons on the pay
rolls of railroads in the United
States was 1,29G.OOO, with annual
wages and salaries amounting to
SSH ,59s.O0O.
The par value of the amount OF
railway capital was S13.213, 124, 900, or
capitalization of S64, ,265 per mile.
The La Jara chronicle., 1905-10-20
WHEAT ROOT SYSTEM.

morse, and he thus showed that plants
were capable of the same development
by breeding as are animals.
If you are interested in learning
about plant breeding you
might write to your Congressman fer
a copy of Bulletin 20 of the Department
of Agriculture. or probably Professor
Hays himself has few extra copies.
The La Jara chronicle., 1905-10-20

by breeding. And Professor Hays
drew a parallel, step by step, between
the Improvement of the Wealthy apple
tracing its history and improvement
from the tree developed by Peter NJ.
Gidden of Minnesota. and Messenger,
an imported English racing horse.
which became the leading progenitor
Of the American racing or trotting
The La Jara chronicle., 1905-10-20

forward way of taking people at their
word and believing just what they say.
asked him for a photograph to ac-
company this letter, remarking that
would like to have one of him as he
looked as l last saw him down on the
farm" Che would be arrested if he went
around Washington looking as he was
them, and he gravely responded that
he had no photograph such as l wanted,
but that he would send me one taken
at a later date,
The La Jara chronicle., 1905-10-20

A seventy-page bulletin which Pro
fessor Hays wrote for the Department
of Agriculture some four years ago on
the subject of plant breeding brought
his work into great prominence. In it
he outlined numerous possibilities of
increased production of all crops
through plant breeding. Every man
knows that the American trotting
Apyee -haLbeeR. .EQpdegfully improved
The La Jara chronicle., 1905-10-20

experiments. He is the wizard Of farm
plant life as Luther Burbank is of hor.
ticulture. He has taken wheat and
bred it up, by selection and hybridiza,
tion covering periods of five and ten
years, so that the improved strain
Yields probably IS to 80 per cent
heavier. He has done the same with
fax and with timothy and with corn
and other farm crops. This has en-
tailed the most painstaking work, con-
tinusd year after pear. but always with
The La Jara chronicle., 1905-10-20
FARr1ER and PLANT BREEDER.
Work of Assistant Secretary WiIIet M. Hays.
GUY ELLIOTT MITCHELL.

gratifying results. The average wheat
yield of the Northwestern States
Minnesota and the Dakotas-ranges, as
l remember, from thirteen to fifteen
bushels to the acre, which is about the
average for the entire United States.
Increase this say one-fourth by simply
using this new seed, as in the case OF
thousands of acres in the State of Min
nesota, and figure out the gain to the
country. And this is only from re-
suits already obtained in seed improve
ment.
To Double the Wheat Yield.
The wheat breeding work is going
on steadily, and Professor Hays says
that he has probably not yet reached
the halfway point in increased yield.
In the work of simple wheat breeding
by selection each grain is planted and
cultivated separately, thousand of
them in rows, each one like tree, and
then the best ten heads are selected
from those thousand plants. and the
plumpest grains again selected from
those ten heads. Then you are ready
for the planting of next year. And so
on for ten years. In hybridization
there are many more pains taken.
Here the best specimens of two differ
ent varieties are crossed upon each
other by hand poilination and the COM
plex system of selection simultaneously
carried on year by year. But the labor
! is more than justified by the results.
Other experiments have been success
fully carried along under Professor
Hays with the idea of changing the
constituents of the crops-putting more
protein or muscle-producing elements
in the grain and forage crops just as
the beet grower works to put more
sugar into his beets.
Practical Farm Teaching.
All this work is technical; it might
be the doings of the recluse. The
other side of Professor Hays makeup
stands forth when he gets out on a
swing round the circle and breaches
what he knows; when he distributes
literature and delivers lectures to the
farmers in halls or from the rear plat
forms of trains-a practical educator.
More agriculture in our national sys
TEN of education is his slogan, practl-
cal farm education that will enable 4
man to farm better and make more
money at it. He urges the consolida-
ton of the small rural schools-bring-
ing four or five of them into one good
sized school where more competent
teachers can be hired and a much
broader education afforded. The in
teresting thing about his boys at the
University of Minnesota was that they
were there to study plants and ami
mails and then go back to the farm
They were at a college, to be sure, but
The La Jara chronicle., 1905-10-20
Six Per Cent. Dividends.

OF the total capital stock out
standing, AZ per cent. paid no
dividends. The amount of dividends
declared during the year was
S22l, ,941 900, or a little over per
cent. on dividend-paying stock. The
number of passengers reported as car
ried by the railways in the year was
115.4l9,000 The number of tons
of freight carried was 1909 800, 900, an
increase over the previous year of over
five and one-half million tons.
The La Jara chronicle., 1905-10-20

they were taking sort Of high school
agricultural course, many Of them for
one or two years. and were not figur-
ing on getting a diploma and then
leaving the farm and striking out for
some city, as is unfortunately the his
tory of SO many Of the graduates Of the
agricultural colleges.
Working through the Boys.
DO your new methods stick with the
boys when they get back on the old
farm?" l asked. How do the boys
fathers take it?"
"Oh, they think at first when the
boys go home and want to make
changes that we are teaching them n
lot of new-fangled notions. After the
first year perhaps they let the boy take
try on small scale Then with the
good results shown by the trial they
are more than likely to come around
by the second or third year and there
Is apt to be quite a shaking up of
methods in the work on the old place.
You can't expect to make much head
way teaching the older farmers, but
you can get at them through the boys"
The Opelousas courier., 1905-11-11
Russian

Discipline i'll the Russian army is
confined to the essentials very strictly
and does not concern itself about
things not Immediately connected with
the movements of troops and their con.
duct in action, according to o. X.
Davis, in the December Everybody's.
They will fight magnificently, but for
the rest they are a lawless, unkempt
slouchy, dirty lot, whose clothes seem
perpetually unwashed and whose
hands are in everything that is not
their own.
There were a dozen different breeds
of fighting men in the Pekin relief
column, and among all Of them I saw
instances of ~unprovoked cruelty and
sayagery. With the others such cases
were sporadic, but among the Rus.
slams discipline does not seem to I'm.
dertake to provide against that sort OF
thing. l never saw an officer make
an attempt to stop a Russian soldier
from such work, but I saw one spank
a man for letting a horse fall down.
The officer who was in command OF
the guard that wa escorting me on
one occasion stopped his men to loot 9
shop and let me go and find my way
best I could without them,
The Opelousas courier., 1905-11-11
The Dukes Rose Garden.

There is at least one man in Eng
land who makes money out of his re.
creation, and that man is the octo.
genafian Duke of Rochester-Dean
Hole. Combining deep learning with a
large fund of bright wit and broad hu.
NOR, he can spare time from his heavy
ecclesiastical duties to add five thou.
sand dollars a year to his income by
growing roses in the musty old town
SO well known to the lovers of Dick.
ems. For sixty years the Dean has
been studying the national flower OF
England, and during that time as
many as five hundred varieties have
passed through his hands. He is his
own gardener, even at his present ad.
vaneed age. AS early as seven O'Clock
in the morning he may be seen in his
garden looking after his pets, and his
method of ~disposing of his growing is
through q London wholesale florist
cuts them at Rochester under the
eye of the Dean and removes
them to Coyent Garden market. Many,I
u the varieties are rare, and it is nc
uncommon thing for a single blossom
70 fetch as much as two dollars.
The Opelousas courier., 1905-11-11
Essence of Orange Leaves.

One OF the remarkable industries OF
Paraguay is the preparation of essence
OF orange leaves. More than one hun
dred and fifty years ago the Jesuii
priests, who then ruled that secluded
country. imported orange-seeds ant
planted groves. which have now be
come immense forests, filled wifi
small establishments for extracting
the essence. which is exported te
france and the United States for use
III soap and perfumery MAXIM. It il.
also employed hy the natives i'll Para
quay as q healing ointment and Il hail
tonic.
The Opelousas courier., 1905-11-11
Town Residences For Sale

Tn q desirable neighborhood in Ops
lousas. with an entire square Of land
wsli shaded with live oaks, magnolias,
eedars, pecans. etc, about . squares
nom the Courthouse, s squares from
High School, 2 squares from Catholic
Church and convent. House is two
story, brick basement, 8 rooms, four
arrplsees. out-buildinga. etc. ell mr.
dr. good fence. VIII be sold cheap FOR
saah. % part cash and balance on tinas
W ssaA AUp1~ NJ shia aARs@ u
The Opelousas courier., 1905-11-11
FOR SALE.

A house and lot in the town o.
Washington, La, in the square bound
ed by Carriere, Wilkins, Ewes an6
Duprs. Frame building made Of
choice Cypress, ceiled inside, weather.
boarded outside, 20x3O feet. Will be
sold cheap for cash, or part cash and
balance on time to suit. For particu.
lars apply at the Courier Office, Ope-
iousas, La. If
The Opelousas courier., 1905-11-11
English Imports of IRON.

The large imports of iron into Eng.
land about one-third of the tota;
amount consunled-is not due to any
Tear OF the exhaustion or the supply
IN Great Iritain. but to 4 desire to
says tle neutrality-suspicious. iron used in
the acid processes.
The Opelousas courier., 1905-11-11

Fire Signals.

AZ o meeting of Hope Hook snd
Ladder Go. No. !, held ON July o.
ae0I. the town was divided into Fire
Districts and . Code Of Signals was
adopted In order TO facilitate tbs loca.
Non Of Ares In the future. The town
was divided % follows:
District No. ALI that portion O,
lawn bounded north by Bellevue
strset. west by Union street, south
And east by corporation line.
District No. 2-All that portion Of
town bounded by Bellevue street on
the south, Union street on the west,
and corporation line ON the north and
east.
District No. 3-The portion of town
lying west of Union street, and south
of Bellevue street, with the corpors-
ton line al the south and west boun,
Diary.
District No. @Tle portion of town
bounded OF the south by Bellevue,
east by Union, north and west by cor.
poration line.
The Signals adopted were short taps
to indicate the district in which the
FIRE 10 located, followed by q rapid
alarm, same to be repeated until gen.
sral alarm is given.
To illustrate, should an alarm hs
sounded for District No. ., first three
taps, one, two, three. followed by rap.
Id alarm. and repeat.
The Opelousas courier., 1905-11-11
"A TREATIsR On
I he Horse
AID HIS DISEASES.
q Cents. POSTPAID.

Containing an index to diseases
vAioh gives the symptoms, cause and
shs best treatment of each. A table
giving all the principal drugs used for
the horae, with the ordinary dose. Of.
iects, n antidote with a poison. a
sabls with an engraving Of the horses
ssessh al different ages, with rules TO,
selling the age. A valuable collection
Of receipts and much other valuable
snformatioE. Both in English and
;ssrn'sn. loo. page book sent postpaid
any sddress. for "a cents. ASdr.s.
The Courier
The Opelousas courier., 1905-11-11

The decision Of the supreme courr
that Porto Ricans are not aliens is OF
very great importance. Ii they are
not aliens II will not be a long step to
oEnizing that they are citizens.
The Opelousas courier., 1905-11-11

HOTEL DEMECHAUD
Carondelet and Pwdido Streets.
NEW ORLEANS.
American Plan. 81. 90 and up per DAY
European Plan 81. 90 and ND Der Day
DENECHAUD g. SIEWERD.
August 1e, 1902.
The Opelousas courier., 1905-11-11

sense however, III the college education in the world won't make
q success of a man. People talk of common sense as if everybody possessed it,
l tel you good common sens is about the mos uncommon quality possessed
Dy te average man. t. T.. Barnum used to say that the American public
Wantedt to b. fooed. He vas mistaken: Nobody wants to be made a fool Of
Iherea are so many people, however, who haven't % comm N and are
Always wlling to bite at anything. thai it "a natural Barnum should come to
the concluslon hat the American public wants to be fooled. A nan who starts
IN NE with good ommon sens is bound to succeed. He will make mistakes,
OF course. HIS ommon sense, however, will make him learn from his mis-
t1 axes. an n Won make the same mistakes over again. This is the great
dlHerence between the man with and the nan without common sense. The
man with common sense learns something from every mistake he makes He
never make the same mistake again, and after awhile he comes prettyn near
making n o mistakes at all. The mar without COMMON sense keeps ~ max
Ing mistakes without reaping any advantages from them. He keeps on making
the sam kind of mistakes over n owe again. James r. Keene went broke
times. Today Keene is worth more money than he yer was before in
his life. n explanation of his success is simply that he has gt
sense. H e mad mistakes. but he learned something every time ne made a
No today he is the creates. living manipulation of the stock market
There is a ian down in Virginia who has bought a gold rck three different
umes. H hasn't got common sense. 1t was all right or MIN to have bougat
the fstg gold brick, but he ought eve to have bought the second or third
IMe ext time l see Andrew Carnegie I am going to suggest tt him to found
a college for the teaching of common sense-New York Commercial
The Opelousas courier., 1905-11-11
ACADEMY
OF THE
IMMACULATE CONCEPTION

OPELOCSAB, La.
eaaar the Direction Of tss Sisters wsr4anix.s
Of holy Croas.
oners 70 young ladies every fsoilis,
'or acquiring g thorough christian Cd,
aoation. Constant attention is maid !.
nome and social culture. Lessons s,s
given in music, painting and othss
useful arts. The sivters also hava
cnargs OF the boys school. The course
.. %.nstruetlon 10 two-fold-Pssparatosy
ana Commercial. French 10 taugha IL
we swo aoazsss. For particulars, MI
Treas a1ATR sIpnH1ca
The Opelousas courier., 1905-11-11

When you visit Crowley stop al the
B HOTTER.
Opposite the Court House.
Board and Lodging by the Day.
Week and Month.
Pl.oes Moderate
MES. DARBoNNH Map.sps
The Opelousas courier., 1905-11-11

UHH Oh tHHSe MeH DsgaH at Tx BOTTOM and worked his Wv nm To
leadership lot N O. them ever put a cent into the firm. They nt in
immense amounts Of nteIhgenuy directed energy, and have taken ut millions
Of dollars in profits. The plant mas own like a SNOWFALL. n hs fnrnishad
its W eaptal-a complete justification from a commercial and financial stand.
point 1t employs oyere eighteen thousand men in all, and has a payroll f onr
a million dolarrsa month month. paid Invariably in gold and silver coin. The firm has
never mac any LABOR dHneuhy; on the contrary. every employee is imbued WITH
te spirit Of Of n Works-.honesty, industry n a fair field fora all. The coming
owners OFT ne property are now lads in overalls and jumpers. delWngi in ora.sae
O young men porting over drafting boards and Office desks. The superinte andangs
and foreme are Baldwin men, n the successors are low workina ~ ~
their eyes. . Nms uhaer
me number OF men employed exceeds that If IN private orcon,.tt.-
IN Ie word eYoted 10 a single industry. The Krupp werks at Esaen annIa.
more, III unat nsltuton is a microcosm performing Ill sorts of fnnoIona po
producing anythln nat will destroy life and property 1t RaIwins anu au
iocomodlVes are born u these are Tor the healing of the nauons w. my oy
car M ONO coupan a combined eight gwat factories and fhmsst :, aa1ta
an ABOUT s aqaa the outpnl. q the Baldwin plant alone. There are immenso aSaaa $3.50.
atoms X the Steel Trust, with more mpisye b4 M nrrhra-a nas4s e.po
with . roll comparable to this. ~ pii@'7p aitnefshlP