The Montgomery advertiser., 1905-04-10

the way from $2O to $50, depending largely upon the number of big trees on it. Everything is done by hand, lwith very crude implements. After | the trees are cut down the grubbing l begins. Then the soil is dug up with spade or hoe. At last 1t is ready for planting. First 1t Is laid off by means of sticks, for the negroes here are not able to run halfway straight line Then the planting gang come along, | make hole with a hoe, drop In a few seeds. cover 1t and pass on. Live Stock Problems.
 Farm and Ranch readers may ask why don't you blow? We can plow but only as long as the cattle or mules live. The cattle die of Texas fever here at the coast, and in the interior the sting of the tsetse fly kills them. Mules and horses die of lung diseases and a good many die of worms in their intestines There are parts in the in- terior where the climate is like that of Europe, no diseases among men or cattle, and many black chiefs boast of 2.000 to 5000 head of cattle. Again, transportation by railroad confronts us here. Cattle , driven from the interior to the coast die on their way. Whenever we have con nections with the interior by rail, when We can use cattle and horses to do our work, cotton will and oan be grown much cheaper than in America.
 Railroad Building.
 Don't be afraid. These Germans do not build railroads in one day like we do in America. It will take them the next fifty years to build the Usambara Railroad to Lake Victoria Nyanza from Tanga and from Daressalam they never will get there unless their progress in building exceeds that made heretofore. The German motto Is slow, but sure" The writer's business is not railroad building. but cotton growing, so 1t would not be well for me to say too much about railroads. Transpor- tation however, Is the greatest draw back to the German colony. My read CTS, especially those that kick every time company asks them to give or even sell for reasonable price a cer- tain piece of their land for the pur- pose of running a street car or rail- road over it, ask yourselves this ques- tion; what would Texas amount to If it were not for her railroad facili- ties? You can not realize of what great importance railroads are. If you would be here and walk few hundred miles with the writer you would be willing to sell a right of way through your black land farm for reasonable price to build a street car line from Dallas to New Hope or Ter rell, as the case might be.
 Labor.
 While people direct, negroes do the work. Negroes work very cheap here. They get for ordinary farm labor from to 15 cents per day, and board them selves. By the month they receive $S to $4 In the interior they get from S1 to $2. It Is to be understood that they do not work half as much as our American negroes. Still it seems we ought to be able to grow cotton with this cheap labor. but you must remember that everything is done by hand at present: cleaning the land of rubbish, cultivation before and during the growing season; picking. ginning. hauling to the market, etc
 How Cotton Grows.
 You will be naturally anxious to know how cotton will grow here The writer can say that cotton will grew and produce. but not by any means like 1t will in Texas. Pickers can pick only from 20 to 40 pounds per day. The varieties grown are, Egyptian, American and Indian. The Egyptian Is the best; the other two varieties need not be considered at present; they make stalk and that is about all. The Egyptian, as most of you know, IS silky, three lock long staple varie- ty. The writer has seen as good cot ton in the Usambara mountain district as in Egypt. The Egyptian grows cotton like the Chinaman, his thoughts being centered on the theory that If one stalk in hill will produce four bolls, two stalks will produce eight, etc. They are still using the impIe- ments their ancestors used 2,OO0 years ago. From this a person can Imagine how cotton has been improved in Egypt, and how the cotton is here at present Travelling is done afoot and cotton exploring expedition includes ten to twelve negroes whose work is to carry tent, bed, table chairs. work ing outfit, in fact everything chat Is necessary for an explorers welfare.
 The daily travel is eight hours, four in the morning and four in the even ing; 1t is impossible to travel during the heat of the day The writer is his own private secretary so he is obliged to make his letter short to his farmer friends.