davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Omaha daily bee., 1905-10-01

ton is accomplished by the hanging up OF
the receiver. which act instantaneously
clears the line and leaves it open for
second call II one is to be made. II the
line called is busy a buzzing sound imme-
diately occurs in the receiver Of the calling
phone to give notice that such is the case.
The keyboard or internal mechanism OF
the telephone measures 5x3N2 inches and
consists Of an impulse-sending device.
which in response 70 the movements OF the
dial sends out across the line to the switch
board succession of impulses. correspond
ing in number to the number of the hole
in which the subscribers finger is placed.
thus actuating the switches in such way
as to properly establish the connection.
The apparatus in the central office which
thus responds to the operations of the
dial on the subscribers Instrument offers
no resemblance to that which is so widely
in use today. The accompanying illus
tration of the switchboard now being OPP
Grated by the Lincoln Telephone company,
Lincoln, Neb., gives very good idea of
the appearance Of a large working auto
matte exchange. The present capacity of
this board is $500 lines, but It is so de-
signed that II can be increased to 1900
lines without change in the present equip
ment by the mere addition Of extra sec
Omaha daily bee., 1905-10-01
New Device Insures Absolute Secrecy

nishes material for a most interesting study,
and though an adequate comprehension Of
It can only be had by actual inspection.
general idea can be secured from an eN-
PLANTATION Of its construction and operation.
The automatic telephone is, in the main,
like the ordinary instrument, having the
usual receiver, transmitter bells, etc, add
Ing outwardly only the calling dial, cir
cular metal disk about five inches in
diameter, having on its periphery ten
finger holes, numbered from 1 to 0. This
dial is capable of rotation, being pivoted
on an axis at its center, and its operation
constitutes all that a subscriber Is called
upon to perform in selecting the number
desired. Suppose the number 5l2 is to be
called. The subscriber first removes the
receiver from the hook, places his index
finger in hole No. 8 and turns the dial
downward as far as possibe-that is, to
the stop provided to limit the distance
through which it may be revolved. He
then releases 1t and the dial is restored
to normal position by the action of a spring
within. This operation is repeated for
and q 1t then remains only to press
the black button underneath the dial to
ring the bell on telephone No. 542, the con-
nection having been established as the re-
suit of the several operations of the dial
When conversation is completed. disconnec-
Omaha daily bee., 1905-10-01

4 UToMATIC WALL TELEPHoNE-MAK
ING A CALL.
mounted on iron shelves twenty-five to the
shelf, supported by iron standards.
AS auNiiaries to the first selector switches
there are so-called connector switches the
proportion Of the latter being ten to 100
OF the former. The connectors are in con-
struction and In method of operation the
same as the solicitors, and their function,
as already suggested, Is that of completing
the work initiated by the solicitors. These
connector switches are arranged In indie
pendent groups. each group carrying the
terminal of lines leading to 100 telephones.
and each connector In the group having
access to the entire 100 lines. These
switches resemble In function the cord in
the manual board, since they serve Jas links
between the calling and called instruments.
Each group Of connectors is numbered to
correspond with the hundred number of
the lines it connects with. For instance,
the sixth group has the terminals Of lines
leading out to lines numbering from 800
TO 500, inclusive. and the third group from
200 to 39s inclusive.
The tracing out of a call from its origin
in the telephone OF the subscriber calling
to It's completion In the telephone or the
subscriber called will not only be of in
terest. but will serve to indicate the func-
lions of the different mechanisms en-
ployed and their INTERPRETATION in practice.
The number 542, previously used In demon
stratng the method of calling, will serve
again. When the dial is pulled to 5, five
impulses are communicated to the relay
which controls the vertical magnets or the
magnets which control the upward move
ment of the shaft and lift II 1--WE points.
Following this an extra impulse is sent in,
which energizes the relay in control of the
rotary movements, and the shaft is ro-
tated until the "wlping fingers" attached
TO it close over and make contact with an
idle trunk, when the rotary movement is
arrested. The subscribers line is now ex-
tended on from his own selector switch to
one of the ten connector switches which
constitute the fifth hundred group, and
with which all the lines numbering from
800 to 600 are connected. The second move
ment of the dial calling sends four i'm
pulses through the selector switch onto
the connector and lifts its shaft to the
fourth level, not affecting however, the
Omaha daily bee., 1905-10-01

tions. The unit in the automatic exchange
is an instrument about thirteen inches
high. four inch wide and four and one-half
inches deep, known as the selector switch.
This switch constitutes the necessary
equipment in the central Office for the
operation Of one telephone and Is con-
nccted with the telephone assigned to IL by
means Of a pair of wires, making what Is
generally known as "a metallic circuit. II
is extremely simple in construction in view
of the character of the work 1t Is called
upon to perform. The upper half consists
Of a pair of relays and three pair OF
magnets mounted on a small cast-metal
frame. These relays and magnets. together
with the necessary springs, armatures. etc,
operate the shaft which occupies the
central position in the switch lifting and
rotating II until the "wiping fingers at
tached thereto are brought into connection
with the brass contacts, which, arranged
in three semicircular banks, constitute the
lower half of the switch. releasing It when
the call is completed. The upper OF these
banks referred to is the busy bank" and
simply serves to indicate busy lines in the
automatic selection OF trunks. The lower
two are the line or trunk banks to which
the line wires connect and over which the
conversation Is held. The switches are
Omaha daily bee., 1905-10-01
Santiago In 1905.

Much has been recently published about
the filthy condition of Santiago. 1 do not
find 1t so. The streets are clean, and, al
though here and there rough, they COM
pare favorably with those of any American
city, The town looks prosperous. Its peo-
pie are well dressed and its stores do big
business.
Santiago is beautifully situated. 1t lies
on the bay, rising the hills, The ware
houses are located and wholesale dealers
have their establishments in the lower part
OF the city, fronting the water. where there
is also a large park with fountain in the
center. Beside the fountain stands a thir-
teen-inch srrla,>N which was dropped in the
Omaha daily bee., 1905-10-01

between the trenches and be so marked
that any soldier can come here and find
just where he lay while fighting.
San Juan Monument.
While standing an San Juan hill, had
Mr. ]. s. Cox. tho manager of the Span
ish-American Iron company who was with
me. take a snapshot Of myself standing
beside the monument, in order to show
you its size. am five feet eight inches,
and a comparison between the top Of my
Panama hat and the top of the monu-
ment will give you the height. The monu-
ment is a shaft of concrete made on
concrete base with one graat she'll on
top and shells about the corners OF che
foundation. The inscription upon it reads
as follows;
I'm memory of the officers and m OF
the United States army who were khIed in
the assault and capture of this ridge, July
/, 1885, and in the siege of Santigo, July 1,
to July 16, 1898. War between Spain and
the United States"
San Juan hill has been lately cleaned of
brush. The grass is growing finely, and
even the trenches are covered with green.
Crossing the fields, I stopped awhile I'M
der the Surrender Tree, beneath which Gen.
eral Shafter received from General Toral
the surrender of Santiago. 1t has now
barbed wire fence around it to keep the
vandals from cutting their names in its
bark or chipping it for memories. The tree
is a magnificent ceiba, which rises about
forty feet from the ground before its
branches begin. It is in full leaf and great
green orchids hang from its limbs and
nestle at their roots against the trunk.
1t was under this tree that the real end
OF the war came Hire was the first
acknowledgment OF Cuban's independence
and of the absolute defeat of Spain
The Surrender Tree. in fact, marks the
birth OF the Curan republic. 1t is the site
OF our beginnings as world power. The
United States looked through its branches
and saw that the earth was good and
started out to possess II. Since that sur
render we have held different rank among
the nations Our strength has been appre-
oiated, our flag respected and our trade IN
creased. II means much TO the United
States, and II should be guarded in this
great national park until the tooth OF time
rather than the hand of the vandal or
travelling relic hunter brings it to the
ground.
Omaha daily bee., 1905-10-01

warm friends Of all army and navy men,
and Lieutenant Victor Blue once made a
dangerous trip down the Yangtse to carry
dispatches for Egan.
He was also correspondent in the Philip
pines. and later was sent by the Asso-
ciated Press 10 Toxic. just before the
outbreak OF the Russo-Japanese war. He
made all arrangements for handling news
from the Japan side. High japan govern
ment oficials gave him FIRST tips" on
news Egan viii soon return TO this ooun-
try with his wife. and viii then go TO
London, where he viii take charge OF the
Associated Press once, 20 long held By
walter Meet. who died recently.
Omaha daily bee., 1905-10-01
More spanish Than Havana.

The buildings of Santiago are even more
Spanish than those of Havana. They are
seldom of more than two stories. but their
walls are three or four feet thick, and their
great windows and doors are barred with
iron. The walls are painted in all colors of
the rainbow and the roofs are of red tiles
Many Of the floors are of red brick or mar
BILE. The buildings run around courtyards
or patios. There is usually only one tier of
rooms so that each room has windows on
both sides. affording excellent ventilation
and abundant light. There are no chimneys
in the town. Charcoal is used for cooking,
and the weather is so warm that any sort
Of heating arrangement is unnecessary.
There are but few good hotels in Cuba
and they are not to be found in Santiago.
am stopping here at the Venus" The only
lovely thing about the house Is it's name
and the park upon which 1t faces. My room
looks out upon the patio, with a prison-like
window high up in the wall at the back
The price is 81 a day, without board I get
my meals in the restaurant OF the hotel,
where all sorts of Spanish dishes are served
a la carte l am told that the Cuba road
intended to build hotel here, but that just
as soon as it was found that the railroad
officials wanted property for the purpose
the owners Of all available sites put the
Omaha daily bee., 1905-10-01

Almost all the hauling of this region is
done upon heavy carts or drays. The
freighting throughout the mountains is on
pack mules, the coffee being brought in
on such animals The drays are peculiar.
They consist of pair of wheels. with two
long poles fastened to the axle, just in
side the wheels. The other ends of the
poles form the shafts being hung to the
saddle and collar of the mule. or pony,
which serves as the draft animal The
bed Of the cart is a network Of cords woven
from one pole to the other, and upon this
are piled loads Of half ton or more. The
wheels of the drays are large; they move
easily, although much of the load seems to
rest on the back OF the mule. The streets
of Santiago are narrow and the drays are
such that they can be turned anywhere.
They are very cheap; the best Of them
ought not to cost more than SIS They are
at the same time strong and easily made
and repaired.
Omaha daily bee., 1905-10-01

prices at such a figure that the officials
could not afford to buy.
Must Pay for Being Americans.
Indeed there are two sets of prices all
over Cuba-one for natives and the other
for Americans. The hotels of Havana
double and treble their rates during the
winter. In the height of the season they
make Americans pay So and upward a day
for the same accommodations that Cubans
receive for 50 during the summer. At such
times one can only live on the American
plan, and If he would have extras at table
he pays through the nose. The Cuban or
Spaniard gets his rooms on the European
plan, and his payments are moderate In
most Of the cities the cab rates are fixed.
They are reasonable and the service is good.
This is the case inside of Santiago, but out
side the city the cab drivers put on exhorb-
tant rates. In the city the rates are some
thing like dollar an hour. Outside, II the
customer lie an American, 81 is often de-
manded. especially If a bargain has not
been made beforehand The other day a
young American was charged an outrageous
price for a drive outside Santiago. He re-
fused to pay 1t, and one OF the city police
men, who was probably a friend of the
driver said that the money must be given
or the man go to the police station The
young American replied that he would go
to the police station. and did so, taking
the policeman and cabman with him. The
cabman told the chief OF police that he had
already received 50 that day from one
American, $12 from another and SIS from a
third for a similar service, whereupon he
was fined so for overcharging, and upon
his Directing another fine of so for con-
tempt of court was made. He was then
forced to let the American go free upon his
paying so cents per hour above the regular
city rates
Omaha daily bee., 1905-10-01
Lonely Hearts Get Together

upon them. For those OF the more sedent-
airy nature fishing boats are always wait
ing. This enables them to try their luck
and show their patience on the Waikiki
river. Those who prefer solitary drives or
ttamps have sixty miles Of the finest noun
tain scenery in the world. But how can
Mr.. Arbuckle or any one else know that
the right girl and the right man VIII be
there together?
BY this means Mr.. Arbuckle can give
100 men and women a delightful two weeks
vacation. AS men earn more than women,
they pay third more for the privilege OF
this outing. During their stay at the
farm the women are accommodated In the
farmhouse. The men are left 70 the mercies
Of the mosquitoes. protected only by can
vas walls. The tents. however are snug
and comfortable, hoOred and rainproof.
Mr.. Arbuckle hopes to be able 10 take care
Of 400 more before cold weather sets In.
Omaha daily bee., 1905-10-01
In the santiago Prison.

Speaking Of the police brings me to
visit that l paid yesterday to the prison
Of Santiago. l was walking from the har-
Dor TO the plaza. About half way between
the two I passed a fine building with the
Spanish word for Jail above its front door
There was a policeman in full uniform on
the front steps and other policemen inside
1 entered, called upon the superintendent
and by presenting my card was granted
permission to go through the establish
ment.
II is the most luxurious prison I have ever
visited. Its spacious rooms run around
hollow court and, were II not for their
crowded condition, they would be quite as
Omaha daily bee., 1905-10-01
Battlefield Looks TO an American Visitor in l9O5|

1000 feet above the sea. It is as well built
as the military road made by the Spaniards
across Porto Rico and it cost, in places
as much as SIS, 900 a mile. There are cement
drains every few feet where it climbs the
mountain, and these drains are as smooth
as tiled bath room. They serve to carry
the water under the road. They were ex-
pensive. Still, on a twenty years PROPOSE
ton, they may be profitable as a piece Of
engineering. Every acre and there is a
stone bridge as fine as those of Rock Creek
park in Washington, and along the way
on both sides are miles of stone walls two
feet in height. The road is looked upon
as so extravagant that 1t has been nick
named Woods Folly" It was built to
give work to the Cubans, and on this
ground its construction may have been
warranted. 1t would seem, however, that
the money might have been spent in build
ing highways where they were more needed
than here.
Omaha daily bee., 1905-10-01
Spring Bedn for convictr.


As l walked around the gallery with one
OF the officials I stopped now and then TO
look in at the wards. All are filled with
beds of different kinds. Many of the pris-
oners have woven wire cots, with conf
forters spread over them. / asked whether
this was not rather luxurious for Grim
inals; whereupon the Tailor told me that
the city provided iron bedsteads and board
benches only, but that the convict who
wished better accommodations could get
them. ANY one who has a dollar or two
can buy cot with wire springs; the SELL
ing of such cots is part OF the revenue OF
the chief OF police.
Feeding the prisoners is another per-
quisite of the officials. The ordinary pris-
oner has poor fare, but he who can pay for
It may have all the luxuries Of the mar
ket. In one of the rooms on the second
floor / saw a dozen convicts sitting at a
table. Several had bottles OF vino before
them. which they mixed with Apollinaris
water; others were eating sizzling beef
steaks and Lyonnaise potatoes. Some OF the
prisoners pay so cents per day extra for
board, and all can alleviate their sentences
by judicious expenditure OF money.
I went into the ward devoted to the
women, where a score or more female con-
victs, white, black and brown, are herded
together. I noticed a laundry tank in one
corner OF the room in which they had been
washing, and there were clotheslines run
ming across from window TO window, upon
which garments were drying. I tried TO
make a photograph here, but the girls
furiously objected. One OF them. however,
had a naked baby I'm her arms. and she held
up the little one that / might photograph
1t. forgetting that she must come into the
picture behind
FRANK @. CARPENTER.
Omaha daily bee., 1905-10-01
The Santiago DraN.

Cuba wants good roads. Much OF the
eastern part Of the island is a wilderness.
the only way OF going from place to place
being by bride paths. The government ex-
poets to remedy this, and roads are be-
ing constructed in different provinces from
here to Pinar del Rio, It is hoped that
there will some day be a great highway
from one end Of the island to the other,
with branch roads running OF to the diff
ferent farming centers. Such a network
OF boads will be very expensive. The rains
are heavy and most OF the highways must
be macadamized. as dirt roads become beds
Of mud during the wet season, through
which it is almost impossible for vehicle
to 60.
Omaha daily bee., 1905-10-01

city from one OF the gunboats during the
war, and from each end of it extends
long promenade. lined with trees, which
with the fresh breeze from the bay, is de-
lightful during the evening. Farther back
is central park or plaza, about which the
chief hotels are situated and upon which
the cathedral faces
Omaha daily bee., 1905-10-01
'sWOOd's FOLLY"

During my stay here have taken a
drive over the road which General Leonard
Wood made from Santiago to the tops OF
the mountains in the rear. The road runs
right along the railway. crossing It 1--WE
times before 1t reaches the hills. II then
winds up the mountains to an altitude of
Omaha daily bee., 1905-10-01

comfortable as those of the Hotel de Venus
It's second floor rooms have galleries or
covered porches fifteen feet wide running
round them, looking down into the court.
These form a promenade and loafing place
for the prisoners. AS l walked through
them 1 found scores Of convicts seated in
cane chairs rocking back and forth in the
breeze as they laughed and chatted to-
gether. Here two were playing checkers.
there one was writing at a table and fur
Their on others were lying in hammocks and
SHOCKING away. There was a BARRIERS chair
on one porch and I'm It a prisoner was being
shaved by fellow prisoner. Indeed. the
iron bars were the only signs OF prison.
Omaha daily bee., 1905-10-01
Well Known Correspondents oOllabOrate

T@EWS reached San Francisco a
few days ago that Martin J. Egan.
the well known correspondent OF
|Is3tt3 the Associated Press at Toxic.
- was married September II. to Miss
Eleanor Franklin. an accomplished writer
from New York. who was sent TO the Orient
some time ago by Leslie's Weekly Sew
eral OF her letters appeared I'm The sun
day Bee.
Egan has made a great reputation in
the Orient as a correspondent. He went
out originally for the 81. Louis Globe
Democrat and the san Francisco Chron-
icle during the Boxer troubles. and wrote
vivid letters Of his experiences. He made
Omaha daily bee., 1905-10-01


i Especial Correspondence of The
~ Bee)--I am standing beside the
monument on San Juan Fiji. It
- is a beautiful summer evening in
this peaceful year of 1906. The sun is Just
setting. There Is not a sound to be heard,
but the singing of birds and the chirping
of insects. over there on Kettle Hill, up
which Colonel Theodore Roosevelt marched
with his Rough Riders in the face OF shot
and shell. flock Of white goats is feeding.
Down on the slope of San Juan, where
our infantry made one of its hercest
charges, dozen red cows lie chewing their
cud, and further over in the midst of the
plain white horse is grazing. The grass
about him is breast deep. Here on San
Juan everything is covered with green, and,
excepting the trenches and the monument
there Is no sign that this was one of the
great backgrounds OF our history. All
signs OF war and fighting have long since
passed away AS 1 write the white horse
neighs, and way of in the direction of Ell
Caney hear the lowing of a COW. Looking
beyond the white horse. l can see the San
Juan river. 1t is still lined with bushes at
Bloody Bend, as It was when our soldiers
were there under the fire of the Spanish
guns. They were in sight for more than a
mile and they crossed that plain and were
under fire until they reached the foot OF
this hill. which is so steep that the Spanish
soldiers who lay in the trenches could not
see them. Our men swarmed up the hill,
grabbing their enemies as they climbed and
lighting their way to the top.
-
Marking the santiago BattIeheIds.
Standing here the greater part Of the
Santiago battlehelds are In plain sight.
Away on at the left is El Caney with its
block house. Below me Is the lagoon stin
filled with water across which our soldiers
marched, and everywhere l look is upon
one OF the scenes OF that great fight
The battlehelds are being carefully sur
veyed. They are TO be marked and pre-
served in a great national park which shall
be kept here forever in memory of our
struggle for Cuba's independence. Colonel
Webb Hayes has the matter in charge. 1
understand that ne will start where Cen
eral Bates was stationed at the lower end
OF the backgrounds, and place divisional
and regtmental markers along the whole
line OF the engagement. A road is to be
made over the heights around the Kettle
Hill and thence across the San Juan Hin
and on TO the Surrender tree. II will then
go down to where FL Caney road branches
on from that OF San Juan hill, and thence
along Ell Caney road to the Block house
The Block house Is to be repaired and a
gun win be placed there. This road will
be $50 feet wide. II will include the whole
Omaha daily bee., 1905-10-01

ana women can be brought together in
the hope that they will fall victims TO each
others charms marry and prevent race
determination. Such Is his reasoning.
To bring this about, relates the New York
Sun. he is giving fifty couples two weeks
outing at a reasonable price on Mary and
John Arbuckle's farm at New Plate, N. Y.
In explaining the name OF the farm, Mr..
Arbuckle says. My wife has better judg-
ment and bigger heart than l have, 50
her name goes irst"
All kinds Of chances are given to pair on
and get acquainted. Everybody has free
access 10 the golf course and 20 the lawn
tennis courts. To urge on the backward,
racquets. clubs and balls are fairly thrust