davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1905-11-26

being finished After the Gallo wars
most of il had to be rebuilt and the work
was done in haste and with bad pen.
Only 80 years before Christ it had palaces
in one street and novels of mud in the
next. From the Forum one could see and
smell the fish market The crowds that
thronged the streets showed each other
cheerfuity into the mud, for there were
few sidewalks and there was no street
cleaning brigade
Then suddenly she began to develop,
stretch, raise her head and become splerl-
did
Like many American cities. she had TO
change from town of shanties to 4 city
Of palaces all at once The process OF
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1905-11-26


Old Rome's police history really is very
illuminating as to history of police graft
generally. Before Nero's day it became
organized, and for centuries afterward it
was SO powerful that the rulers themselves,
like the reform rulers today, couldn't stop
It, and indeed were shaken down them
selves at times
Rome was really very much like typical
city of today, even TO the tenement houses
and the jerry builder; for the Imperial
city had quarters where the rookeries were
built up as high as six stories, and now
and then they would fall down.
There Were constant squabbles between
the different departments. The health board
ana the police had conflicts about author
ity frequently, and then both sides would
Join hands temporarily to have conflict
with the people, who didn't like to have
law, order, cleanliness and health forced
on them by police authority any more than
the free and enlightened electorate of to-
day likes it.
Like most of our American cities. Rome
grew In a hurry. For several centuries II
was in the chronic American state OF
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1905-11-26

Hall was about seven miles distant "a bad
guess), but he had never been there, and as
TO any knowledge of Lexington--why, he
had heard somebody speak Of such a place,
but that was all. It is to be regretted that
the service done the United States by
George Mason is little understood at Lor-
ton, which is about five and a half miles
from his grave. A man may stand at Lor-
con and plainly see Pohick Church. where
the Masons. Washingtons, Fairfaxes and
other colonial notables worshiped.
At Lewis Chapel the road from Iorton
inteFsectS the road from Alexandria which
passes south of Weodlawn, Accotink. across
the valley of Pohick creek and at Lewis
forks. one fork leading to OcCoQuan village,
Quantico Fredericksburg and the south.
and the other leading down the meek" to
Gunston Wharf and High Point. There Is
a good deal to interest one at Lewis Chapel
if you know the story. 1t was the site of
the first Pohck Church, the first church in
Truro parish and the church which Law
renee Washington and his wife, born Anne
Fairfax, attended which Mason attended
when he would come from his home the
Rappahannock river to visit his half-broth-
er at Mount Vernon.
Truro parish was carved out of Dettingeu
parish in 1882 and a frame church was
erected at what is now Lewis Chapel In
1863, the church being out of repair, the
question of change of site came before the
congregation and vestry Washington ia
vored removal to a point about two miles
north. Mason favored the retention of the
site. Washington won, and the present Po-
hick Church was built and consecrated
about 1913.
x
The spot on which the first church stood
is not known Across the road from Lewis
Chapel is a country store, and the store
keepers wife assured The Star man that
Nr tI1a
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1905-11-26

The taverns, being such free and easy
places, soon became very attractive to the
swell set" of Rome and the young sprigs
added the terrors of their giddy and
sportive pranks to the knife and club of
the professional criminals. 1t became quite
fad for persons of the upper classes 10 go
Summing and to wend their drunken and
riotous way throughout the streets I'M.
sulting the peaeeabie passers-by and lick.
ing them throughly If they resented it.
This became a favorite relief from the
care Of government for Nero himself, and
he and his adjntant used to disguise them
selves and go abroad to anrsoy women. rob
peddlers and beat dignified citizens But
one night great big sena tor, whose daugh-
ter had been insulted by the emperor,
tackled him with such success that the
noble Roman had to be carried home The
senator declared that he tad not recognized
an emperor In the ioafer who had iIsuited
his daughter. and tic bruised emperor had
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1905-11-26

growing so rapidly burst her seams ald
made trouble in all corners
Then came the police, that desperate
remedy of every municipality that has out
grown the constable and the poundmaster
x
They were needed however, for when
it was flll-grown under the great en-
perors, Rome had two circuses, two amphi-
theaters. three theaters, four schools of
gladiators, FIVE arenas for sea-fighting
spectacles, SO triumphal arches, thirty
seven gates, almost 300 public stores, L.
100 palaces and 46,e02 tenements.
Ground was so precious that the own
ers of land in most parts of the city aimed
to build as narrow and high buildings
as they could, just as they do now; and
the heights of the tenements were limited
only by the ability of the architects of
those days Most of~these tenemerpts were
of stone in the first story, while the rest
was of wood.
There was no building department at
first. and everybody was permitted to build
as he pleased, with the result that the
poor people were housed niserably and
still had to pay enormous rents.
After the great fire In Nerots reign much
of this was changed Almost all of the
cheaper tenements were destroyed, and
Nero issued a series OF edicts fixing the
width of new streets a4d the maximum
heights of buildings. 1t was ordered that
streets must be cut straight and be no
less than fifteen to eighteen feet wide, and
that no building must be more than
seventy feet high.
OF course, as soon as these edicts were
issued, somebody had to enforce them, and
naturally the police got the job They
accepted Il with enthusiasm.
Under Caesar the police authority had
been under aedles and censors who were
elected by the citizens each year. When the
emperors got supreme power they needed
police force that was more amenable and
the position OF city project was created
The city project began by being practically
what our police commissioners of today
are. The position became SO powerful one
that 1t was the highest aim of senators and
other dignitaries TO become project OF the
city of Rome. Practically those old police
commissioners stood next to the emperors
In power-not always TO the delight Of the
latter.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1905-11-26

| ways and begged openly. Among them were
| many thousands of free Romans, for the
| high rents and the speculation in foodstuffs
| made homeless folk of many who would
| have been quite well able to earn a living,
| had the cost of everything not been so ex-
cessive.
This mob frankly and impudently demand
ed bread and games" from the authorities,
and the police became the dispensers of the
food. That made the finest of Rome as
|. popular with the mob as the police are to-
day
The streets were unlighted and all sorts of
adventures, from Algerian corsairs to Tar
tar savages, attracted by the glamour of the
mistress of the world, found the darkness a
welcome field for their drunken orgies and
their thirst for money or blood
The taverns of the imperial city were
FAMOUS over the earth, from Cathay to Glib
raltar. In the police records they were
cLassed with the lists of thieves. and dicers.
Their owners were known to be fences and
panders. They were thick with filth and
alive with insects The better classes never
dreamed Of staying In a Roman tavern
friends.
Thieves. street bandits, crooked gamblers
and women of all nations made these tav-
ems their headquarters and hiding places.
Thus, with beggars to add to the uncanny
company the society to be found on Roman
streets at night was not exactly delightful
Or course the clrizens spasmodfcaiiv ue-
manded reforms and the police did what
they do today. They let the tayerns and
the crooks do what they pleased until the
agitation became too strong Then they
made spectacular raids and drove thou
sands of disorderly characters out only o
let them come in again as soon the ex-
element died.
At other times they had ''investigat tons
like our assembly Investigations. One OF
these was into the beggar nuisance and 1t
ended in endowing a lot OF Roman citizen
beggars with public land to give them a
new start, while the other beggars became
the slaves of their denouneers-a regular
cover of a great public reform. just ms in
1905 4. D.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1905-11-26

Rome was a great opportunity then, at
the height of its glory, for frugal police
man, Two millions of people thronged its
streets--Romsns Germans. Africans. Ash
ntlcs. spaniards; rich and poor, the most
learned and the most ignorant men in the
world, men cunning IN trade and men hot
with fighting lust and quick to kill.
Officially there were about 10000 pallpers
in Rome. Actually more than 100000 app
piled for the city dole of grain and other
food during Caesars time. These beggars
wandered from house to house In troops.
They occupied the bridges and the public
streets. crowded the forum, covered IN door
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1905-11-26

| to swallow the licking. the sarcasm and
| his natural desire for revenge
1t was whispered then in Rome that the
| virtuous police got literally creased to hush
things up. Nero's successor. Otho had the
| same weakness as Nero. and he Invented
new amusement which was nothing less
than the pleasant practice that is still so
justly popular. of tossing persons in
blankets; only Ohio used a soldiers mantle
Several times it happened that the victim
fell TO the street instead of the mantle and
stayed there with broken bones. The 20
lice were there each time and saw to it
there was not too much fuss.
y
Besides the regular uniformed and armed
police force, which was military in its or
ganization, there was a big detective force
that was greatly feared because it had be-
come unspeakably corrupt, In loving sym
pathy with the growing corruption of the
emperors. While it had been formed orig
inally TO uncover crime of all kinds ii be-
came almost entirely political after while.
The mIsrule of the emperors produced
more or less dissatisfaction constantly not
only among the common people but among
the mobiles, and the detective force was in
valuable in discovering plots and agitations
The officials of this detective force were
known as spectators and ''frumen-
tarii, and officially belonged to the army
as officers, but in reality were nothing but
spies.
When they had developed their system of
espionage to the full. blackmail and graft
hourished In way to make the heart of a
political boss laugh within him. Rome. ac-~
cording to one writer of the time, became
a city full of eyes and ears for both that
which is and that which is not" If a man
wouldn't say anything reasonable he was
tempted to do it. If he still refused he
was denounced anyhow, on the general
principle that a man who could give up
and wouldn't give up must be made TO
give up.
policeman of an ordinary American
commonwealth really is bird with clipped
wings compared to the police Of Rome
They not only had supervision over the dis
pensation of food supplies to the poor, but
they controlled the whole food supply of
Rome. small army of men under ''prae-
fectus annonae" looked after this. The
police also looked after the water supply
which was magnificent. They regulated the
profession of medicine and made the doctors
conform TO certain regulations. They col
lected the market taxes, prosecuted food
authorizations, were examiners of weights
and measures, had power to fix taxes on
bread and flour, and even the power to inn
prison any who tried to form a corner In
foodstuffs of any Kind.
There We're plenty of markets to offer a
good field. There were separate markets
for oxen, for pigs. for corn. vegetables,
wine, fish, etc. All these were under com
plete police control,
Then there were the guilds, such as the
bakers, the coppersmiths, and so on, wlso
also were under the thumb OF the police
Street peddlers and sidewalk merchants
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1905-11-26

mention the physical agony which was
caused on slight provocation.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1905-11-26

RAMBLER seeking unfrequented
bits of country near Washington
finds it in Gunston Neck. This
peninsula is formed by the Poto-
mac river Occonnan river and Po-
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1905-11-26

WHERE IS an old Egyptian story
that tells how the captain Of the
guard of Rameses l took bride
from thief who wished to steal
IL uIL zen tln.narl,s treasure. The
The Minneapolis journal., 1905-08-05
MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA, SAT

r OYS, how would you like to go camping with real
- PRESIDENT
How would you like to have the president of the
United States your boat five miles down the quiet
waters Of Long Island Sound in the cool of the evening
and then go swimming with you?
How would you like to have him show you the best
way to pitch camp, cowboys plansmen and Indians
dos And how would you like to have him show you how
and coffee over fire you built yourself in the woodsg
And, best of all, how would you like him to gather
all about the fire when supper and tell you
stories Of grizzly bears and elk and antelope and buffalo
and mountain lions and coyotes and wolves and all the
other wild creatures of the plains and mountain wilder
nesses Of the west9
Wouldn It it make your eyes pop QUIT
Sure!
At least that's what the eleven lucky boys who
President Rooseves guests that memorable camping
expedition last week down at Oyster Bay are telling
their friends.
Why, VIXEN one of the boys of Oyster Bay heard all
The Minneapolis journal., 1905-08-05
SATURDAY, AUGUST :, 1905.
oneNight's Outing

The president just then didn t look like who
can give advice to of all the Russias and be the
best of friends with the German kaiser There wasn't
bit Of gold lace about him, and not the frock coat
and high hat Of American alderman undertaken.
he wore old sloueh hat, flannel shirt, rough
tweed coat end old trousers rnat looked they had
never enjoyed the society of the tailor's goose
OF course, boy dressed just like the president
It wouldn't have been etiquette not to have done so
there plenty of slouch hats old trousers and bag
coats along and not the of anything but loose fan
mel shirts.
'An aboard!' shouted Mr.. Roosevelt, and they
were off. They off indeed!
Now, it is 6vemile row to Lloyd's Neck where MI
Roosevelt had arranged to camp out all night That
pretty far for boy to handed but with the
president of the United States setting the pace what
boy in the land would drop his until he himself
droppeds
Nobody dropped, and there is suspicion abroad at
Oyster Bay that the president didn't fast as he
might have rowed that pleasant afternoon.
The Minneapolis journal., 1905-08-05
The Time to Hurry,

Hugh Scott, the novelist wrote under tie na1ne
Il Henry Seton Merriman rapid writer He wrote
only at intervals but having planned story he wrote
several chapters in evening. He had eonversa
ion with Walter Pater, the scrupuous and scholarly
critic.
"Nothing," Mr.. Pater asserted, t4nothing can be
done well that is done in hurry"
.Nothingf'' asked MI. Scott with suggestion Of
Soubt
stNothing!'' said Mr.. Pater.
s1Eow about catching traini" asked the novelist.
The Minneapolis journal., 1905-08-05
Poles and
Boundary
Lines.

studious professor IN the east says tho idea
faranta that the bite Of tho t1rantula Is fatal Is III
Bald to Be Possibly tae stadous professor
Harmless is correct bat when the average, unsudious
person sees sngry hairy horror Of
tarantula coming toward him measuring two feet 1t
every jump, he is not inclined to think the suious pro
fsssor opinion amounts to much, and gets Of the
way quickly possible.
The Minneapolis journal., 1905-08-05

They there in about hour and half, pretty
well tuekerel out, but still game Everybody wanted
he is had camp pitched first They found the right spot
near wood and water, all good painsmen do got out
their camp hampers started fires and made things all
snug Then the twelve headed by the PRESIDENT got into
bathing suits and went in.
And WASH It it great
Of course the president was the best swimmer of
them all Not boy dared swim out far Mr. Roose-
velt could and that just what the president wanted
70 that he could keep fahery eye the whole crowd
for the Gles boys they weren't allowed to out of
their depth, and they knew enough to realize that the
president 3 word was command. Hungry afterwards?
Why, when those youngsters got out of the water
they could have eaten each other The fires just
right and it took only twnklng to get dressed Then
how the bacon did sizze and the coffee did bubble.
Appetizng odors filed the woods thereabouts for
rods around Mr. Roosevelt was chief cook and showed
the boys just how real woodsmen cook their coffee AMI
Try their bacon and eggs and boil their potatoes.
It was meal for King.
Meanwhile the sinking low and the voices
washed and knives and forks cleaned by repeated
pungngs in the sand the beach The president helped
himself to cigar from his pocket and the boys gathered
around in respectful circle from the camp fire. There
wasn't egaret in sight-remember that, you boys Mr.
Roosevelt doesn't like to see boys smoke
Fresh wood was piled on the fire till it blazed up
high and lighted the faces Of the expectant little
pany. It was time when bears out and mountain
hons seek tler quarry and coyotes bay far away
little fellows got closer to the fire.
''P3ease Uncle Theodore, tell about bears-grizzEy
Everybody huddled closer
And the president started in with his steriesstores
sf the plains and the woods and the mountains and the
deserts He told, he has often told BEFORE of tho
thrilling moments of his Life, when he hunting alone
IN the foothills Of the Rockies.
And soor it came bedtime, and the blankets were
rolled out around the campfire From the dark
e the night queer noises and the occasional cry Of
aightbird or the barking of dog far away. Each
rolled himself into his blanket firmly resolved
to sleep with open, just Natty Bumpo did,
Ispel attacks of wild wild beasts.
The next they knew it was morning There is moth
ing to fear in the daylight
Then there another swim and jolly breakfast
which the president helped to cook. At the camp
dnnnage all slowed away in the boats and the signal
given to start home again The party arrived at
Gagamore Hill at O'Clock.
Tho president at took up his correspondence,
but the bos cared nothing for ts they had heard the
stories Of bears and mountain lions from his
Fps, and they death to grizzlies Long
Ifaad:-NeW York World.
The Minneapolis journal., 1905-08-05
THE ttFoREsT SCHOOL"

0N the first day Of August every year. the streets Of
" Berlin pretty procession of children with hap
py faces bearing flags and garlands of flowers vending
their way toward the suburbs AT first sight, would
naturally think it specially welcome picnic outing In
reality, the children their way to school Not the
regular-everyday bookstudy school, but the forest
school, where lessons learned under spreading trees
where lunch is eaten at picnic, and where the
students not only hear the birds sing but look up
Into the trees and see them fitting about. s....
All day long the woods ring with merry voices Of
children if at play. There is music, too for Of
the favore occupations and studies is that of learning
to sing the quaint part of which the Germans
fond The children stand in groups around the teacher
his violin, and there amid the ferns under the
lofty pine trees national and patriotic songs, and the
sentimental songs that all Germany loves, rise in the
eadences of shril, clear child voices.
But such lessons these not all the delights Of
this Fforest school, Breakfast, dinner and supper
provided OH such good milk bread and butter porrdge
SOUP meat vegetables etc., those forest school teach
furnish for the hungry children Nature study
under such conditions perfect oy and it need hardly
be said that the German August forest schools"
lack for pupils.
The Minneapolis journal., 1905-08-05

about it next day-he was shaver of ten-he went
straight to his father and said:
-stPop let go away for two months all by my
self
'twhy sonf''
II want to get out under Gods free heavens and
OF course, you boys would not ever blame the lucky
eeven that they go around with chests thrown out
carried high. They have been camping out all
night with the president of the United States
You'd do the same, woudn' It yous
This camping party didn't have any of the fri1s you
might in the Adirondacks the Rangeley Lakes
the Bad Lands any Of the civilized hunting
places of che United States There people have guides
and to things and to pitch the tents and to do
the cooking Here the president wouldn allow any such
thing Even the secret service who attend the pres
dent twentyfour hours day, matter where he goes
were left behind.
It was the president and tho boys and not a soul
Who were the lucky eaeven' Oh, just fellows who
were lucky enough to live around Oyster Bay. There
all the little Roosevelt shavers of course-Theodore,
Kermit and Archie and Jack Philip and George Boose
v Of W. Emen Roosevelt the president cousin;
t~o sons of Mrs J. West Roosevelt cousins Of the pre
DENTS Stephen and Harry Landon, who live next
eoer to the boys at Oyster Bay and little fellow from
New York, who is a chum Of Theodore.
he was 50 modest that he wouldn't tel his name.
Would you boys this if president
you to come alongf
Nc, Stree! ~ .....-~- --.
was Tuesday afternoon and bully day at Oyster
Bay Far the Sound you could the
ore shining thru the soft haze The quiet waters Of the
found laziy tapped the pleasant beach that
around the foot Of Sycamore H where the president
lives. There were nice things ADDING
-Four boats lay moered at the water edge and close
q hand hay piles Of things in and loaves Of bread
IN boxes and of condensed milk big rashers Of
bacon, and side Of beef and lot Of eggs and things
There heap of blankets toe, and and knives
and tin plates and forks and spoons and frying pans and
pot and kettle
There wasn't soul there to heip but the president
and the boys and he the last to He ddn
take time to point out to the boys that there were other
things that had kept him at his deskhte things about
picking out ambassadors and arranging for settling the
between Japan and Russia
Being the only grownup Of course, the president
took charge. But he had little to do, willing his
eleven helpers Everybody wanted to tackle the biggest
box al alone and do the lion share Of the work So
wasn't I've minutes before they ready.
Tho president took set Of himself and par
caled out the three other boats to the three eldest the
boys, captains BE himself took tho ittlezt boys
with him and gave them the time Of their lives
The Minneapolis journal., 1905-08-05
farantula
Bald to Be
HarmhSs.

....~- great banker recently said that Of tho
Education prime requisites nowadays for young man
Is applying for position in bank, il good
Necessary education. is necessity, too, FOR apph-
cants for any position requiring skilled labor.
The uneducated Of ability may sn succeed IN spite
Of It, but will less easily than if he had had
the assistance of good education.
The Minneapolis journal., 1905-08-05

The north and south poles hardly less
Poles and certain in location than the exact location
Boundary Of the boundary line between the. United
Lines. States and Canada according to the old
veys. Just recently II has been discovered
that strip of land several miles in length with
population Of $780, heretofore thought to be In Vermont
really belongs to Canada It seemed odd to
those 800 people to bed Of the United
States and wake find the boundary line had whipped
their heads during the night pushed them into
Canada