Iowa County democrat. [volume] (Mineral Point, Wis.) 1877-1938, 1905-07-20

without counting the multitude Of har-
vest hands.
"The more important haryests are
those Of the rose, 100000 pounds;
the orange flower 100000 pounds;
the violet 100000 pounds; the jas
mine, 100000 pounds; the tuberose,
100000 pounds; the geranium, 10000
pounds, and the cassia, 100000 pounds.
II it is considered that all of these
flowers are weighed without their
stems 1t is evident that the quality Is
enormous, and this fact will be still
better appreciated when it is ex.
planned that in order to obtain two
pounds Of rose leaves no loss than a
thousand flowers are required, While a
thousand punches OF violets, each
with a diameter of more than foot,
furnish only forty pounds Of flowers"
Flowers all go through prelimi.
nary treatment of being placed in
cold room, ana plants such as laven-
der, thyme, spike, mint, roots such as
orris, fruits and woods, are passed |
through cutting and macerating ma
chimes. After this has been done the
perfume Is extracted, the principal
methods being distillation, macera-
ton, enheurage and by the use Of dis
solvents. Oscillation is only EN-
ploycd when the perfume is not In
jured by heat or steam. In this case
the flowers and water are put in
great 1lembic and heated. After the
water begins TO boil 1t discrepancies
the vegetable cells containing the per-
fume and this Is carried by the steam
through the worm and condensed.
There is thus obtained mixture OF
water and perfume and 1t Is merely
necessary now to separate the two.
The process of dlstillaton. however,
has the great disadvantage Of fire.
quently altering the perfumes OBJ
tanned, and, therefore, when 1t Is de-
sired to obtain finer extracts recourse
must beh I'D TO other methods.
For maceratlon the flowers are
thrown into mass OF fat melted and
raised to a temperature OF 65 degrees
and completely submerged,
after several hours the perfume being
with the fat. The mass
is then strained to get rid Of the flow
pls, after which the latter are soaked
In boiling water and compressed hy-
In this way all Of the per-
fumc IL extracted.
In the entleurage method frames are
used the bottoms OF which are glass
The frames are placed one above the
other small space being left between
The glass plates. The fatty substance
Is spread on the glass and the flowers
are placed In direct contact with the
TAT. AT the end of certain time,
which varies with the flowers, the per-
tune is absorbed by the fat, after
which the flowers are renewed until
he pomade Ia of the desired strength.
A third method Is that OF volatile
1Issolvents. In general the dissolvent
Is an ether of refined petro-
leum. The apparatus used are OF DIFF.
Ierent forms, but they must all con
lain an extractor, into which the flow
srs are placed cold with iIssolyent,
/ decanter where the water contained
in the flowers is separated from the {
mixture, dstillng alenbic which {
'orcos the dlssolvent back through the
lowers, and a certain number OF res
'rvoirs in which the dissolvent Is kept |
n q pure state or charged with per. {
'lme. The dissolyent after being
,harged with the perfume evaporates
ma leaves behind the essential oil. {
rhis method Is by far the hest. In the '
single department Of tho NlpcsMar |
ines the annual production Is 100000 {
pounds of pomade and 100000 quarts
VI extracts.