Omaha daily bee., 1905-10-18
CARNEGIE ASKS FOR PEACE
American Rector Of Scotch University De-
livsu Address at Inauguration.
HONoRs FOR FIVE AMERICAN STATESMEN
Degree Of Doctor of Laws Conferred
by st. Andrews University
Upon Men Prominent
in United states.

connected with the inauguration of the
rector of a British university as partook
In today's functions at st. Andrews, when
Andrew Carnegie was installed as lord rec
tor for second term. Whitelaw Reid, the
American ambassador at London; Charlie
mango Tower, American ambassador at
Berlin; Bishop Henry c. Potter of New
York and DR.. William ]. Holland. director
OF the Carnegie museum at Pittsburg occu-
pied seats on the platform and had con-
ferred on them the honorary degree Of doc
tor OF laws, which also was bestowed on
DR.. Nicholas Murray Butler, president of
Columbia university, New York, in absentia.
The hall was crowded with scarlet
gowned undergraduates Of both sexes and
the male students enlivened the proceed
ings with the usual amount of chaf and
songs. The entrance of Mr.. Carnegie was
the signal for an outburst of enthusiasm.
Five nations, or even three, banded to-
gether In a league of peace and inviting all
other nations to join them, could Danish
all war in the future. This opinion was ex-
pressed today by Andrew Carnegie in his
rectorial address to the students In the
University of st. Andrews In outlining
the plan for the league of peace, Mr.. Car
negie said:
II the principal European nations were
not free through CONSUMPTION from the
problem which now dlsturbs the military
authorities Of Britain, the lack of SUFFICIENT
numbers willing to enter the thanksgiving
profession, We should soon hear the de-
mand formulated for a league OF peace
among the nations.
Five nations co-operated in quelling the
recent Chinese disorders and rescuing their
representatives in Pekin. 1t is perfectly
clear that these five nations could Danish
war Suppose even three of them formed
league of peace-inviting all other nations
to join--and agreed that since war in any
part of the civilized world affects NIL a.
lions, and often seriously, that no nation
shall go to war, but shall refer international
disputes to The Hague conference or other
arbitral body for peaceful settlement, the
league agreeing to declare nonintercourse
with any nation refusing compliance. Inn
agine a nation cut off today from the world
The league also might reserve to Itself the
right, where nonintercourse is likely to
fail or has failed to prevent war. to use
each member of the league agreeing TO pro-
| vide the needed forces, or money In lieu
wealth.
Hope of Small Nations.
The emperor of Russia called The Hague
conference, which gave us an international
peror of Germany or the president OF
France, acting for their governments, to
tives to consider the wisdom of forming
| such league, the invitation would no
doubt be responded to and probably prove
| The number that would gladly Join such
league would be great, for the small ma
lions would welcome the opportunity.
| The relations between Britain, France
and the United States today are so close,
their aims so similar, the territories and
aeids OF operation SO clearly defined and
| erly unite in inviting other nations to con-
slider the question Of such league as has
| been sketched. 1t is a subject we'll worthy
| the attention OF their rulers. for of all the
| modes OF fastening the end of war this
| appears the easiest and the best We have
-
present optional form will continue It's
| rapid progress and that 1t in itself con-
| tains the elements required finally to lead
us to peace, for II conquers wherever 1t is
| tried, but 1t Is none the less gratifying TO
| know that there is In reserve the drastic
mode of enforcement it needed which would
| promptly Danish war.
Mr.. Carnegie's address was devoted en-
tirely to the desirability, necessity and
even the possibility Of putting an end to
war. He said in part:
Much has man accomplished In this up
ward march from savagery, but the in.
delible mark of war still remains to stair
the earth and discredit our claim to civil
izat'on, one deplorable exception exists tc
the march of Improvement. new stair
foul as any that war war has been Forced b,
public sentiment to discard. Today II I,
held that a formal declaration of war /,
without II. Here is the only step back
ward 10 be met with In the steady progress
of modifying the rules OF war IT is to b,
hoped that the coming conference will
stamp this treachery as contrary to thu
| rules OF war and thus return to the ancien
and more chivalrous idea Of attack onl,
after notice
DishOnOrnble "HOnor."
The speaker here referred to The Hagu,
tribunal and pointed to some OF the re
suits already attained by 1t, saying tina
! the success of President Roosevelt In SO
. curing peace between Japan and Russli
was made possible by The Hague treaty
! He continued:
Honor or vital interests have hithert
been excepted from submission by arbltra
> ton treaties. We exclaim: "oh, liberty
what crimes are committed In thy name!
but these are trihing compared with thos
committed In the name of honor" tn
/. most dishonored word In our language. Al
J from without. The man Of our race VIII
D holds that his country would be dlshon
ored by agreeing to unrestricted arbitratio
forgets that, according to this standard
. he is personally dishonored by doing tina
: very thing. individually he has becom
< civilized; nationally he remains barbarlS
refusing peaceful settlement and insistin
upon national revenge-all for injure
honor. AS society within our race alread
| relies upon courts of justice to protect II
members from all wrongs, so shall the ma
lions finally rely upon international courts
: Signs OF action In favor OF universal peac
| abound Should the proposed periodic cor
gress be established we shall have tn
germ OF the council of nations which
| coming to keep the peace OF the work
| Judging between nations as the suprem
8 | court OF the United States judges today b,
!. tween states embracing an area larger tina
= | Europe. II will be no novelty. but merel
: an extension Of an agency already prove
upon smaller scale
;. Notwithstanding all the cheering signs
a the growth OF arbitration we should deluC
!. ourselves II we assumed that war is imm
diately TO increase, for II is scarcely TO
o more than one great holocaust OF men
a be offered up before the reign OF pea
blesses the earth. But that peace IL
n come at last. and that sooner, much soone
- than the majority Of my hearers can poss
" bly, credit, for one entertain not one pa
. ticn 81 doubt.
= At the close OF Mr.. Carnegie's adore
= degrees were conferred on the FIVE Amer
= cans and one on a Scotehman.
=. Degrees for Reid and Potter.
The dean In presenting Bishop Potter al
Ambassador whitelaw Reid for the no
a orary degrees OF Doctor OF Laws said tn
were both distinguished citizens OF Z
Lord Rectors adopted country In [
D course Of his speech the dean made
happy allusion to President Rooseve
which was loudly cheered. Mr. Reid in !
plying thanked the dean for the hear
and kindly reception in the name Of 20
gallant and spirited colonel OF Rou
Riders" who had also earned the reeto
praise for his practical diplomacy in I