davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Iowa state bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1894-1916, 1905-04-21
THE SECRET OUT.
The Door Stands Wide Open.

woman can be handsome who has I'm.
puritics in the blood, for it will show In
pimples, bOis, and eruPtions, in tho dark
circles under tho eyes and in the sallOW
complexion. After taking "GolLen Med
ical Discovery you are bound to havo
pink checks and a fresh complexion.
The muscles get the good, rich, red blood,
that puts on strength. 1t Is flesh
builder, but not fat builder.
As an example of tho good results thus
obtained, note the following lottcr:
"In tho year 1890, / had an attack Of
indigestion and got SO bad that my home
doctor said he could not do me any good"
writes Mr.. G.. Trent, of Gordonvilo,
Texas. III wrote to you and you advised
me to use DR.. Pierce's Golden Medical
Discovery, so I bought six bottles, and
when l commenced using 1t | was SO
weak could hardly walk about the house.
BY the time / had used one bottle MY
stomach and bowels commenced to heal.
There were strips of the lining of my
bowels as large as q mans two fingers
passed and | had a great deal of misery
in Hly stomach and bowels, and also in
the rccGum especially. l could not cut
anything without having much distress
aftcrward, but by the time | had taken
coycry' | was sound and well. and could
eat anything l pleased without suffering
in the least. Could also do as much
work in q day as l ever could. have
not suffered from the trouble since"
DR.. PierCe's !aPse1 5:% a ms |;
health, and good health is largely 4 mat
ter of healthy activity Of the bowels. DR..
Picrce's Pleasant Pellets cure conStipa-
ton. They are safe, sure and speedy,
and once taken do not have to be taken
always. One little pellet" is gentle
laxative, and two q mild
cathartic. They never SenGgoHc
grippe. by all druggists. Il Nj A~NS3s
The selfish seller vho urges some sub
stituto is thinking of the larger profit
J HEN make and not Of Your best good.
Iowa state bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1894-1916, 1905-04-21

Other peoples troubles are always
insignificant when compared with our
own.
Iowa state bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1894-1916, 1905-04-21
ENGLAND ENTERS DENIAL.
Did Not Tell Japanese Government OF
Sighting Of Russian Fleet.

London, April 21.-Foreign Secre-
tarv Lansdowne has taken occasion
formally to deny to the Russian gov
ernment the statement Of the Novoe
Nremya in regard to the British cruis-
err Iphigcnia which vessel the neWspa-
per said had transmitted by wireless
,elegraphy the information that she
had passed Admiral Rojestvensky' S
squadron 140 miles from Saigon.
This, the Novoe VreInya declared was
very important news to the Japanese
inasmuch as Rojestvensky had sue
ceeded in slipping by the Japanese
scouts. The denial of the British for
eign office contained the specific state
ment that TIE 1phigenia did not even
sight the Russian squadron.
Iowa state bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1894-1916, 1905-04-21

NJ had Infla1natory Rheumntism. hut an
vell now thanks TO Dr. David Kennedys Favorite Hem,
sdy It's my friend" Garrett lansing Troy, ~ Il
Iowa state bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1894-1916, 1905-04-21

Too much money or too little
doesn't beget happiness. SO try just
enough.
Iowa state bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1894-1916, 1905-04-21

If you are troubled with insomnia,
20 to sleep and forget it.
Iowa state bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1894-1916, 1905-04-21

Cold facts often cause hot arsu'
ments.
Iowa state bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1894-1916, 1905-04-21
President Kills Bear and Bobcat.

Glenwood Springs, COL, April 80
President Roosevelt has killed bear
and hobcat. He is satisfied with his
hunt for the biggest game the Rock
les affords. # he gets one more bear
or several he will be better pleased.
but to quote his own words: II got
what l was after. 1t was bully sport
and hone this keeps up"
Iowa state bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1894-1916, 1905-04-21

INA recent letter to The Peruna Medi-
cine Co., Miss Julia Marlowe, of New
4 York City, writes the following:
Iowa state bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1894-1916, 1905-04-21

SHIP YOUR CREAM DIRECT
We have bnyng satiSns We by direct from h
other method Write and prices
DES MONIES CREAMERY co.. Sd and Ve DES MONIES. IOWA.
Iowa state bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1894-1916, 1905-04-21

Some men, after paying IS to get
married, would checrfully pay $50 to
get unmarried.
Iowa state bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1894-1916, 1905-04-21
Gymuasts wear spring and au
clothing regardless Of the season.

II friend pulls his watch on your
funny story, cut it short.
Iowa state bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1894-1916, 1905-04-21

II am glad to write my endorse
nent of the great remedy, Peruna,
IS q nerve tonic. I do so most
heartily. "-JuLia Marf0We.
Iowa state bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1894-1916, 1905-04-21

Light literature is expensive when
It comes in the shape Of gas bills.
Iowa state bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1894-1916, 1905-04-21
Indict Former Postmaster.

St. Louis, April 21.-After an IN
vestigation undertaken at the wish
Of President Roosevelt, M. L. Red
dock, former postmaster at Yazoo
City, Miss, has been indicted by the
federal grand jury here on perjury
charge 1t is stated that the indict-
ment grew out of a letter written by
Reddock to the president in which
it was charged that a North Carolina
CONGRESSMAN had accepted sum OF
money to secure the release of pris-
oner from the Nashville. Tenn, fed
eral prison. President Roosevelt Or
dered the rostoffice department to in
vestigation the charges and action of
Reddock. The investigation has re.
suited in the Indictment of Reddoch
Iowa state bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1894-1916, 1905-04-21

Washington. April 1S.-The supreme
court of the United States yesterday
affirmed the decision of the circuit
court for the eastern district of Miss
ouri in the case of Pabst VS.. Cren.
shaw, attacking the validity Of the beer
inspection law of the state of Miss
ouri. The effect of this decision is
to sustain the law as not antagcnis'
tic to the commerce clause of the
constitution. The opinion was de-
lfvered by Justice White. The chief
Justice and Justices Brewer. Brown
and Day united in dissenting
opinion.
Iowa state bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1894-1916, 1905-04-21

Sod BY Drngg!sts, DC. .,
Take Halls Family Pills for constipation.
Iowa state bystander. [volume] (Des Moines, Iowa) 1894-1916, 1905-04-21
500 Weekly Easily Made

writing health and accident insurance experience I'M
necessary Write Banker Accident Co. Moines, Ia.
w. n. u. Des Mo,nes. .a.. No. '16--10C5
The Owyhee nugget. ([Silver City], Idaho) 1905-1984, 1905-11-17

The internal resources of the
west are called to notice by the ex-
perience of the government in con.
nection with the building of the
irrigation dam at Salt river, for the
Tonic Basin reclamation project.
1t was found that 100000 barrels
Of cement would be required for the
immense dam. AS the dam is To-
Gated 81 miles from railroad, the
question of cement was serious
one, but it was discovered that it
was possible to make excellent
cement at the dam site, and a mill
was established at that point,
which is now in operation. By
adopting this plan over 100000
was saved in the cost of the i'm
provement. So elsewhere through
out the west there are immense
economic opportunities which only
await the creation of a demand
to justify capital in max
ing the developments required to
make the raw material available.
The Importance of this self sufiici
ency of the west is twofold-frst,
in the saving of high freight
charges, and second, in the crea
The Owyhee nugget. ([Silver City], Idaho) 1905-1984, 1905-11-17

Our sister town of Emmett, at
the northern terminal of the
Dewey railroad, is now enjoying
a period of prosperity even
greater than when the railroad
was built, about four years ago.
That was a good agricultural,
stock and lumber country more
than forty years ago but it has
been since the advent of the To-
connective that marked changes
have taken place. New people
soon enthused it with new life.
Progressive farmers came in, at
tracted by the advantages of an
excellent soil and plenty of water,
and paid the old timers good
prices for land, for which they
easily made good by introducing
modern methods. But the prin-
cipal basis for the present pros
porous times is the construction
OF the Canyon Canal, to cover
the bench land contiguous to
Emmett and more than double
the area OF the irrigated lands in
that section. This big PROPOSE
ton has had many set-backs
and as many start-ups. But at
last their efforts have been
crowned with success and the
canal is in a fair way towards
completion. Then Emmett is
getting a new wagon road,
shortening the distance and Civ
ing a better grade to Sweet,
Horseshoe Bend and Thunder
Mountain, thus securing for the
merchants there a large amount
of trade that has heretofore gone
elsewhere. All this, to say moth
ing OF good prospects of a
through railroad. The Emmett
Index, along with the rest, is
evidently being handed a few
generous punches of this pros
perity, as the receipt of large
number of new subscribers is
noted each week in it's columns.
Mr.. Skinner, the editor, is to be
complimented on giving the
town an excellent newspaper.
The Owyhee nugget. ([Silver City], Idaho) 1905-1984, 1905-11-17

ldaho's leading interests and in
dustries. He is probably better
known in this and adjoining
states, personally, than almost
any other individual. He is al
ready making that indomitable
energy which distinguishes him,
felt in his efforts to make the
coming irrigation congress a
success. Although the date OF
it's meeting has not yet been
fixed, he is conducting a wide
correspondence relating to it;
consulting interested parties re-
garding plans; arranging with
railway managers for rates, and
doing many other things in CO.
operation with Governor Pardee
OF California, the president OF
the congress, to further it's sue
cess and usefulness.
The Owyhee nugget. ([Silver City], Idaho) 1905-1984, 1905-11-17
ton Of a home industry Chicago
Mining World.

The brAsn is the thinking appa-
ratus. II it is used it grows. If
neglected it withers, contracts, be-
comes limp and stupid. 1t cannot
be taken out and new one put in.
1t is not necessary to do that at
all. Begin to use it and the brain
throbs. Use it still more and it
grows stronger. Use it day after
day, week after week. month after
month and great change takes
place. The eyes brighten. The
voice grows stronger. The whole
body grows more erect. The man
moves in more lively fashion. He
asks questions. He likes to con-
verse. He consults the dictionary.
He buys new book and then an
other and another. People see the
change. He is interested in more
things and better things than ever
before. What happens? Being
more interested he becomes more
interesting. 1t is a great change.
In sense it is a change Of head
and change of heart. How did it
come about? Do you see2 Don't
you see? It is the Chautauqua
Literary and Scientific Circle.
The Owyhee nugget. ([Silver City], Idaho) 1905-1984, 1905-11-17
FRIDAY, NOVEMBER IT, 1905.
6be COMING NATIONAL IRRI-
CATION CONGRESS.

Idaho was in great luck when
it secured the National Irriga-
ton Congress, and the congress
itself was equally lucky and man
Tested most excellent Judgment
when it selected Monte B. Gwinn
as it's secretary. The congress
will have an attendance of more
than 1000 delegates-men from
every portion of the arid and
semi-arid west, as well as men
from the humid states who real
ize what a benefit irrigation will
be in advancing all national in
terests; and the best thought of
all our people on the subject of
land reclamation will find ex-
preston and be promulgated
from this great convention.
In Idaho the delegates and
visitors will find some of the best
exemplifications OF what this ma
ton and individuals or corpora
lions can do toward the reclaim
alton of arid lands. The great
government project at Minidoka,
now well under way; the Boise
Payette project, equally or more
important, are object lessons
demonstrating the wisdom of
the national irrigation act of
Congress in doing on more
magnificent plan what might
have been done at some future
time by corporation enterprise,
ands SO doing it that the cost will
alleventually be returned to the
national treasury, and the home
builders will be protected from
the greed OF corporations or in
dividuals. twill show that this
is one of the wisest measures ever
devised or adopted by our law
makers.
Then the Twin Falls and other
similar, though lesser enterprises
will show what corporation and
individual enterprise can accom-
plish under the Carey Act.
Altogether, the congress will
be the best advertisement the
state las ever had. The visitors,
or great numbers of them, will
learn much about the great
areas of land which can, and will
in time, be reclaimed in this and
other western states and will be
given better conception of
what this portion of our vast
national area is destined in the
future to become.
AS we said in the beginning,
the congress was most fortunate
in it's selection of secretary.
There are few men anywhere as
or who have been as
successful in everything they
have undertaken as Monte B.
Gwinn. Beginning business life
in Idaho when quite a young
man, with only an abundant
stock of energy, pluck and judg-
ment as his capital, he has made
a success of almost everything
he has undertaken until he has
become identified with many of
The Owyhee nugget. ([Silver City], Idaho) 1905-1984, 1905-11-17
China at Getchell's.
Notice Of Teachers Examine ton

The next regular teachers examina-
ton will be held at my Office in Silver
City, the last Thursday, Friday and
Saturday, November %, "a and 25.
Questions for first, second and third
grade certificates will be issued.
MYRTLE M. HASTINGS.
The Owyhee nugget. ([Silver City], Idaho) 1905-1984, 1905-11-17
CHURCH SERVICES.

METHODIST Preaching service at
Mrs. Mills parlor on the first and third
Sundays of each month, and on Satur-
day evening also The public invited.
GEO. P. PEMBERToN, Pastor.
The San Francisco call., 1905-05-08
HOUNDS PURSUE
LIVELY HARES

For the first time in several weeks
the card was completed yesterday at
Union Coursing Park. The hares were
of much better quality than for many
months past. and the running was
much improved.
The deciding course of the open stake
brought together the two. fast grey
hounds Rocked Asleep and Humboldt.
The latter had slight call in the bet
ting for a time, but considerable
wagering was done at even money. The
hare broke up the field along the
southern fence, thus favoring Rocked
the hare almost on even terms, Rocked
Asleep winning the trial in eighteen
seconds by a to 2 score
The unfinished stake of last week
was won by Pomona. which defeated
Muggsy in the deciding course. Shot
Gun showed lot of speed over Muggsy
In the semf-final round, but the hare
favored the latter
The biggest upset of the day was the
defeat of L. L. c., the Stockton grey
hound, which was a l to z choice, by
Angus Cissis. Rocked Asleep beat Mr..
Zignego, the / to favorite, in the
third round May s beat Lucy Clair.
the 1 to favorite, and then went out
and beat the 1 to favorite. The Rival.
The days results, with Judge p. j..
Reiliy's official scores. follow:
Open stake-The Rival beat Lord Seton.
ell; Happy Lad beat Free Born, 5-0 Fairy
Belle beat Sky Van 5-3; May beat Lucy
Clair. 4-s; Flower Girl beat Valley Pride, 500
Wis Clair 9-3; Foxhunter beat Ina Cissus, 9-5;
Rocker Arm beat Corroy. AZ: Aeolus beat Doc
Burns. ga Hidden Hatred beat Irrna Hotfoot.
SO: Tfllie r beat Reta S, S-4; Tom King beat
Eidelwise 6-1; Humboldt beat Rush Away.
6-3; Lancashire Lad beat Frisky Barbara. 81;
Amandan beat Galveston, 3-2; Glaucus beat
Sir Winton. AS: Rocked Asleep beat Hudson.
Az; Angus Cissus beat L L c. 20; Mr.. Zig
neg2 beat MAY TuRison i1 Tns Rel Rsferss n beat
relia Go; Renegade Apache beat Haphazard.
81; Panoche beat Lulu Girl, 81
Second round-The Rival beat Happy Lad,
3-2: May S beat Fairy Belle. so; Flower Girl
beat D R. 80: La Rosa beat Foxhunter. 3-0;.
Rocker Arm beat Doc Burns Al; Tillie r
King, A.: Lancashire Lad beat Amandan. IA:
Rocked Asleep beat Glaucus, 80; Mr.: zignego
The Referee. 80; Panoche beat Renssade
Third Third round-May beat The Rival. Al: La
Lad 7-s: Rocked Asleep beat Mr. zisnsso:
Fourth round-La Rosa peat May s, 30;
Humboldt beat Tillie r, so; Rocked Asleep
beat Friendless Boy, 6-1 - $500.
Fifth round-Humboldt beat La Rosa, 3-2;
Rocked Asleep bye.
Deciding coure-J. Sweeney Rocked Asleep,
(ROcker-Gallanl t'oe} peat r broWnS HUM
boIdt (ffot stun Crawford LassJ,- 3-2 4
Unfinished stake:- Second -,round-Poniona
beat Yellowstone 60; Patched Up heat Trales
Boy s-4 Race King beat Secretive. 3-2; North
ern Flyer beat John Heenan, 5-0s Presto beat
j H. 3-2: Shotgun beat Mi Amigo. 3-e;
Muggsy beat Sea Lion. ga; sStingaree beat
Crawford Belle. 80
Third round-Pomona beat Patched Up, 40;
Northern Flyer beat Race king, AZ. Shotgun
beat Presto. so. Muggsy beat Stingaree. 40
Fourth round-Pomona beat Northern Flyer.
so: Muggsy beat Shotgun. 4-S. -
Deciding course-E.' Scott's Pomona (Syl-
vanus-Freda @ beat c. saunders Muggsy
Qethbridge- shys Midgst9. 3-2. -
The San Francisco call., 1905-05-08
SEATTLE DEFEATS PORTLAND.
Roach Strikes Out Eleven Men and
WebfOoters Go to
Pieces

SEATTLE. May 7.-SeattIe won from
Portland to-day in a game that was
brilliant in spots. but stupid more often.
Portland went TO pieces In the eighth,
after Bert Jones had succeeded Gar
win, and loafed on almost every chance.
kane's three base drive that sent two
runs in came in this inning and there
was no more hope left for Portland.
The webfooters made il a farce for the
remainder Of the inning. Portland tried
Mitchell again at first and the new
initial sacker looked everything bur big
league material. Three throws from
Garvin, none of them any too good.
went through him and he bungled the
first sack work throughout. leaving the
bag uncovered once when Runkle had
4 chance for an easy out. A high wind
that blew across the diamond during
the early part Of the game made it al
most impossible to Judge fly balls in
the outfielo and this accounts for some
OF the liberal hitting in the early mart
Of the game. In the sixth inning With
men on second and third, Skel Roach
struck out Mclean, Runkle and Nit-
cheI in a row. The score:
The San Francisco call., 1905-05-08
Champions Hitting
Improves in the
Afternoon.
RESULTS OF GAMES.
Tacoma, g; San Francisco.
Seattle, 9; Portland, 3.
STANDING OF THE CLUES.
Special Dispatch 10 me Can.


TACOMA, May with whaIen
at the helm the Seals started the
Gay by whitewashing the Cham
pions. The Whale" was invinci-
bic and the home team could not
bunch enough hits 10 squeeze in a. run.
heefe was found for four hits in the
first inning. Three errors were thrown
IN and the Seals scored five. Fitz-
gerald lasted the second inning and
then Lynch held the Seals down for six
rounds.
conditions were reversed in the after
noon. In the first and third innings
Eagan made home runs, scoring five
The crowd greeted him like a conquer
ing hero and a collection of more than
500 was taken up. Wilson ought three
innings, but foul tip injured a finger
and Shea succeeded him. Fitzpatrick
pitched a good game. The Seals first
scored on Hildebrand's pass, Irwin's
hit and an out. Two more came on
Corbett's pass. a stolen base. an out.
singles by Spencer and Wheeler and a
nelder's choice. Corbett scored the last
on his two-baggar and Spencer's single.
Scores:
The San Francisco call., 1905-05-08
IDEAL CONDITIONS PREVAIL
FOR GUNMEN AT THE TRAPS
Some Good Scores Are Made by the
Members of the Union
Gun Club.

The conditions were ideal for blue
rock shooting at the Ingleside traps
yesterday, but the attendance was not
up to the usual standard of the shoots
of the Union Gun Club.
Four classified events of 100 birds
each We're on the programme. E.
Schultz and Webb were in unusually
good form, both men making scores of
ninety-two birds in the championship
event. Varien and Holling also shot
well in this contest.
/ Wattles was high man in the second
division, his nearest competitor being
Donohue, who broke eighty-fve birds.
this being two below Wattles' score.
Hoffman was high man In the second
division with eighty-four breaks. In
the third division Harvey was high
man with seventy-seven. The follow
ing scores were made.
Champion class. 100 bird race-Feudr,er 81
Webb %. e. Schultz 90. HollnE So Forster a.
yarien SO. Klevesahl s5. Haight SO. Iversen
First class-F. Schultz IS, Golcher So. Potter
81, Wattles 81 Murdocks az, Harpharn s1
Green so. Lewis II, King 80, Donohuess5
Second class-Lang 76, H. KlcyesabI 81
Shields "a. Jacobsen "a Ashln 76 Hoffman a.
Third class-Harvey IL, Cuneo ~. pat
rick "a.
The San Francisco call., 1905-05-08
MARKSMEN FIND
LIGHT IS GOOD

The usual number Of marksmen did
not attend the rifle range at Schuetzen.
Park yesterday on account of the in
clemency of the weather. Although the
day was cloudy the light remained good
and a number of fine scores were made.
II the medal contest of the California
Schuetzen Club every member who was
a winner in his class made at least 210
rings in his ten-shot string.
In the California Club Otto Bremen
was high in the first champion class
with 220 rings being closely followed
by Chris Meyer with 219, George Tam
meyer with the good score of 222 and
w. F. Blasse. 221, were the leaders in
the second champion class. In the first
class NJ. F. Hartter was ahead of his
classmates with 211. The second class.
medal was won by A Studer, who
scored 217, and the third class medal
fell to T. Simmer with. 211. 1t was
necessary to make a score of 210 in the
fourth class to come out winner and
c Won Hartwig was the steady marks
man to accomplish the result.
At the pistol target George Tam
meyer made the good score of 96 out
of 100 and w. F. Blasse 81 rings.
A Studer with 422 carried off the
honors in the first champion class of
the Gruitli Club, while T. Simmer of
the StCOIQ cndlnpion CideS Woc iii6u
with 402
The two golden trophies offered by
L. J. Reubold were won by Charles H.
Mueller and F. c. Hagerup. The
scores:
California schuetzen Club monthly medal
shoot-F1rst champion class: c. Meyer 219,
20s: Otto Bremen 300 206; second champion
class: J. I. Utschig 2lO, 2D1; W. F. Blasse
221. 20s; George Tamneyer DO, 30; F. A.
Kuhls 2i5 1870; T. j. Carroll 21e. 1874; NJ. F.
Biasse 2O4. 200; first class: Max Kolander
zoe: G. NJ Barley 204, 200; A. Utschig 1Ss.
1877: N F. Hartter 211, 20S; second class: A.
studer 217: A. Won wyl 202. 159: F. suter 16e.
r C. Hagerup $50. 155: T. Simmer 211, 1877;
o. NoIte 1877, 1875; F. Riede 1875, 40; L. Willie
1ss. I7s: H. scheunsrt 1ss, 1s3; fourth class:
A. Hennings 1e3. 14o: John Boiler ia, III;
w McCracken 177, 123; c. Won Hartwig 210.
ia: l. Pollak Isl. rs. Cadet: F. o. Bertel-
Ser Pistol stoi Annex-M. Kolander 81. Il; W. F.
Blasse 81. 50; c. Meyer 81, II: G. M. Barley
SO. 81; George Tammeyer 7S 90; J. Boiler 20,
81: A. Hennings 76, 10; T. ]. Carroll 81, SO:
G Won Hartwig So So; o. A Bremen 75. 70;
NJ. F. Blssse So. "a: Q. Nolte So 10; J. L.
san Francisco Grutli verein monthly medal
shoot-FIrst champion class: A Studer 422;
second champion class: G. r. Hauser $50. A
zo3 j. A suter 39e; first class: o. Imdorf
3bl F. Suter 1886: second class: Charles n
Mueller 351, J. Luetenegger 232. G. Zust 1884
Reubold trophy Charles H. Mueller i
San Francisco Eintracht Schuetzen monthly
medal shoot-champion class: F. A. Kuhls
900. c. Won Hartwfg S72 J. zahn $50. r Z.
Hagerup 2S4, A @. Stroh 356, William Rohrer
347 John Young 351; FIRST class: o; Thiele 347
J. Rohrer 2s7 c. Suhrsett 500. F. Eggeling
32s: second class: o. Nagle 25S. n Shredder
312 F. voigt 252: third class: J. Goltzene
Kuhls. "a: pest last shot, F. Eggeling "a
Reuboid trophy, F. c. Hagerup-