davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1905-08-23

and the last one is that for his air.
ship, in which one day ere long he
promises to pay the patent Office
visit.
The flight of birds has been this Chi
cago mans study for years. He has
made. he says, careful study of the
wing structure of the frigate bird, the
sand hill crane, the wild goose, the
buzzard and herring gull
The feathers of the wings of the
fowls of the air, Mr.. Mahan says, are
so arranged that practically each one
hasa specific part to perform in flight
making. In the wings of his flying
machine the inventor is to place valves
SO constructed that in the upward and
downward strokes there will be two
distinct motions, as there are in the
birds wing movements lifting and a
propelling power combined.
Mr.. Mahan will use gas chamber
to overcome IS per cent of the force
of the earth's gravity. The lifting
power of the wing strokes, he says.
will overcome the remaining five per
cent.
At the forward end of the gas cham
Der there will be placed vane-shaped
guide. The force of the air as the
machine moves forward will act on the
fiat surface of the vane and the air.
ship, it is said, can be depressed or ele-
waited in it's course at will.
Piston rods will run on each side
of the gas chamber from small gaso-
line engine in the basket car to the
wings and will furnish the motive
power for their operation.
The wings of the airship are to be
made of silk and rubber, with frame
work of hickory or aluminium. A
jointed folding brace near the shoulder
of each will enable the, navigator to
"furl" the wings when the ship is at
rest. The gas chamber, like the wings,
will be made of rubber and silk, with
ribs of hickory or aluminium.
With the gas furnishing 5uoyancy
sufficient to overcome IS per cent. of
the earth attraction, it is claimed by
Mr.. Mahan that in case of accident to
the machinery the wings will act as a
parachute and will let the airship
gently down to earth.
Mr.. Mahan is earnest in his con-
tention that the shape of his ship will
assure positive and perfect .equilib-
rum without which," he declares, mo
machine can be safe in the air."
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1905-08-23

(As She Looked During the Days of Her
Triumph.)~
made her home in England, and yet
each year sees her spending some
months on French soil, and she still
takes very practical interest in many
of the charities which she founded in
the happy days when she was mistress
OF the Tuileries. and set the fashion
to the. whole civilized world. Empress
Eugene is the most intense and loyal
OF Bonapartists; she acts as family
peacemaker, and has thrown the
whole weight of her influence on the
side of her two nephews, Prince Vic
tor Napoleon and Prince Louis,
Victor Napoleon and Louis Napoleon
are not only the great-nephews of the
first Napoleon, but they are connected
with the Oldest royal caste in Europe
both through their grandmother,
Princess Catherine of Wurtemburg,
and through their mother. Princess
Clotilde- another noble widow who is
proud of the name Bonaparte, and who
is aunt to the present king of Italy.
Brussels for many years, and he was
recently the subject of a rumor. now
denied. that he was to marry Princess
Clementine of Belgium His brother.
Prince Louis, who is full Of military
ardor, has fought under many flags.
He went through the young French
mans usual term of service, and then
onfaro6 tho italian arrnx,. than ~ 1000
he resigned his commission and offered
his sword to Russia. Appropriately
enough, he was at once made lieuten-
ant colonel of the king of Wurtem-
burgs dragons. He wished to go to
the front in the present war, but leave
was refused him, at the request, it
was said, of the present French gov
would rejoice if Prince Louis decided
to put himself forward as an official
pretender, but that, as yet, he has re-
fused to do. The only sister Of these
two princes. named Letitia, after the
great Napoleon's mother. became. rath-
er> to the scandal of many European
courts, the wife OF her own uncle, the
late duke of Aosta.
The Italian Bonapartes are all de-
scended from Prince Charles, q son
by Napoleon's brother Lucien's second
marriage. Prince Charles died as re-
Gently as 1899, but his wife survives
him and lives in Rome. She was
Princess Ruspoli, and is very clever.
cultivated woman. Prince and
ters-Princess Maria, who is the wife
Of an Italian officer, Lieut.. Enrico
Gotti. and Princess Eugenia; who was
married some six or seven years ago
to the prince of Moskowa. whose name.
Napoleon Ney d'Elchingen, looms large
in Napoleonic annals.
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1905-08-23
Poor Willie!

Just outside of Berlin a crown of
Somerset young folks on their way to
White Horse were attracted by the
bawling of a cow whose calf had got
down over an embankment. Tho calf
was returned to its mothers side and
one OF the young men was telling his
girl how the cow actually licked his
nand in gratitude, when she told him
that it wasn't gratitude at all, the COW
only thought she had twins.--Myers-
dale (Pa.) Commercial. = ~
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1905-08-23
Rhapsody on Railways.

A writer to the New York Mirror
OF 1S4O, IN the course of a rhapsody on
the railway, says: "Dueling and
changing horses and separate rooms
are at an end-our light literature
must now become woven with steam
ous Incidents must arise from blow
ups, and love be made over broken
legs; while here the novelist will have
to record the falling in Of a tunnel.
the only chance left for touch Of the
sublime" %. - :, -: S
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1905-08-23
THE SHAH OF PERSIA.
This Interesting Asiatic Monarch Is
Now Travelling Through Euro
pean Countries.

Paris.-The shah of Persia, now in
Paris, who is being bothered by persons
who wish to sell him quaint and curious
things, is the fifth monarch of the
dynasty of the Kajars. His name is
Muzaffer-ed-din, and he succeeded his
father, who was assassinated on May l,
1896. The shah was born March Is,
1853. His official title is ".Shahinshah,"
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1905-08-23
Deaths Of Zoo Anina1s

IN the report Of the Zooogical society
OF Philadelphia for the last year, much
attention Is paid, to the causes Of deaths
which take place in the menagerie. In
laO instances pathological examination
showed l[v that tuberculosis is by far tho
most fatal atlment. next to which comes
Inflammation Of the stomach and In
testlnes followed with considerable
ammunition IN the numbers by nephritis,
8: necrosis Ct the liver and non tube: ular
pneumonia. 80.
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1905-08-23


Is King of Kings.D
or king of kings, and he is absolute mas
ter of the lives and goods of all his sub
jects. ........
The entire revenue of the country is
at his disposal. Most Of his personal
possessions are represented by dia-
monds, two of which weigh respective
ly, 1856 and lag carats. The precious
stones forming the crown Jewels are
worth millions. The shah has six sons.
twelve daughters and six brothers. The
heir-apparent is the eldest son, Mo-
hapamel Ali Mira, but the shah has the
power to leave the crown to any men,
Der Of his family. Generally, however.
preference is given to q son whose moth
er was Kajar princess. ~,
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1905-08-23
An Odd MATING

A Mexican and q full blood Pawnee IN.
dian were married in the probate court
at Pawnee, Kan, the other day. Neither
understood the language Of the other.
Night Marshal Wriston acted as inter-.
prefer for the Mexican and q court At
tache translated the Pawnee responses
into English.
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1905-08-23
Force Of 9raYitY..

It Is hard for many persons to grasp
the fact that = bullet dropped from the
exact height at which q rifle barrel Is
dxed, In horizontal position, will
strike the ground at precisely the
Same instant that another bullet will
hit the earth II fired from the most
powerful military weapon. The force
of gravity acts with exactly the same
force, independently or in conjunction
with other forces. =:z sz5ss=*
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1905-08-23
Eye-Qlasses and Rom p !,

It is curious to observe that even
the greatest roalists do not venture
to bestow eyeglasses on their hero
ines. It is rathsr odd, too seeing how
many charming women do in real life
wear them, and are not debarred by
them from the most dramatic careers
and the most poignant emotions. But
while the modern novelist has bestow.
ed eyeglasses on everybody else he
has not yet had the hardihood to put
them on the nose of his heroine. Why :?
Mrs. John Lane, in London Outlook.
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1905-08-23

nue. for the AQudat Achem congregation
is to be one of the largest and most COM
plete houses Of worship for orthodox
Jews west of New York. Plans for
the structure, just completed by Archi-
tects S. N. Eichberg and D. S. Klafter.
call for three-story building, G. by 100
feet, and the expense of the building will
approach $50, 900, but not including the
furnishings. Work will be begun soon.
and the dedication will take place within
the year. -
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1905-08-23
new JEWISH SYNAGOGUE.
Hebrews Of Chicago Are to Erect q
Handsome Edifice on the
West Side.

Chicago:-The new synagogue to be
erected at Polk street and Marshfield ave-
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1905-08-23
Best Bass Stream,

It is not generally known. but experts.
say the Tippecanoe river In Indiana Is
the best bass stream in the United
States. .. s.5s:s5ss.
Willmar tribune. [volume] (Willmar, Minn.) 1895-1931, 1905-08-23
Just 4 Slight Mistake.

Just 4 Slight Mistake.
Mrs. Newlywed-1 made a big batch
Of these cakes to-day. /, z
Mr.. Newlywed-You did, indeed.
dear! o. 49,, - .s.sa..zs5 s...
How do you know how big batch
I made ?".# r. En- II : :~.s.. :
20, I thought you said 'botch.' :" -. :.
Louisville Courier Journal. *=z
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1905-07-14
LITTLE PEOPLE OF TRADE\
Mistakes and Shortcomings of En-
ployes in Department Stores
of the City.

The head of the glove department in
one of the great State street stores was
appealed to by a displeased customer
whose request 10 have a glove repaired
while she waited had been refused The
man in authority at once proceeded TO
cast oil upon the troubled waters, relates
the Chicago Record-Herald
You see. madam, he said, with great
suavity-he is a relative and namesake
of a distinguished ex-governor OF the
state-"our little people do make such
foolish mistakes-they are limited.
these little people-they think at times
that they are more important than their
customers.
Here is your glove madam, mended
while you wait. as it should be. Thank
you for making the complaint-it shall
be a tonic to our little people"
The little people" were small only in
the sense of being systematically dis
obliging but under the kindly training
of their young adjuster their ideas of
discipline and business are likely to en-
large. Their head" who so leniently
protects them, gave further illustra.
ton of foolish mistakes" on the part
of little people"
Il was in New York last week buying
gloves for the house, and stepped into a
wholesale place, where / encountered a
new saleswoman, who looked me over
as if hesitating about waiting on me at
all. | asked for a certain style of driving
glove which is sewed with saddlers' silk,
professionally known as saddler-
sewed. The young woman yawned,
looked at the clock-it was lunch hour
and took down a few packages of gloves,
which were not the kind wanted The
name of the firm serve would have COM
PEELED her immediate attention. but |
wanted TO see what she would do next.
She looked at me with an icy stare and
said
I'VE don't keep the goods you want.
/ think you would be likely to find them
in a harness-shop. We are not saddlers
here"
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1905-07-14

plane one Of the edges straight and at
exact right angles to the first surface.
The test is by using the try square as
shown at A in Fig. AZ.
This first trued side and first jointed
edge at right angles to each other are
called respectively the face side and
work edge of the piece, and in every
case they must both be marked with a
pencil, as shown at Gig. 40. These
marks should be placed at the angle
which separates the two trued sur
faces. as shown in the illustration.
This will indicate the corner at which
the two surfaces are in the required
relative position to each other.
For the third step in planning up our
piece set the marking gauge TO the re-
quired width of the piece-we will say
in this case four inches-and, placing
the head of the gauge firmly against
the work edge, gage or mark the
piece on both sides All wood outside
of the gauge line is now planed off,
but great care must be taken. to plane
only TO the gauge line, as a shaving
carelessly taken below the line will
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1905-07-14

planning has been done with care. the
two opposite sides will be parallel
Having now by planning reduced the
piece Of wood to the required width
and thickness, it only remains to cut it
off to the length at which it is to be
used. II the ends are to be planed
smooth, which is usually the case, one
end is first planed at right angles, not
only TO the work edge, but also to the
face side, testing with the try square
as the work progresses.
The most common and indeed the
easiest way to plane the ends of such
a piece of wood is not to place IL in the
bench wise end up, which is difficult
way of doing this work. but TO lay it
on the bench hook. as shown at A in
Fig. AS. and, having turned the jack
plane over on its side on the work.
bench, and with the face of the plane
against the end Of the piece to be
planed proceed TO plane off the end
wood. avoiding all fitting Of the plane
during the process.
An important point to be observed
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1905-07-14

and guarded against is the splintering
or breaking of the forward corner as
the plane passes II In the act OF cut
ting a shaving from the end OF the
wood. This can be avoided by plac.
ing a thin strip of wood of equal thick
ness throughOut-say one-fourth 10
three-eighths of an inch in thickness
in front Of or between the piece to be
planed and the cross head piece of the
bench hook. as is shown at B in the
illustration. This thin strip will re-
ceive the thrust of the plane against
the fibers of the piece at the forward
angle of its end. and while its own
corner will be more or less broken. the
piece being planed will be protected
and remain intact
The shoot board will be found TO
work much better than the bench
hook for all such purposes as above,
and this is especially true when the
pieces are wide, SO as TO present an
end of considerable length to the
plane.
Having succeeded in planning one end
of the piece true and square, next lay
off the required length on the face side
Of the piece and with a try square
placed against the work edge, draw a
sharp cut line on the surface, and also
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1905-07-14
FIG. As.

on the front and back edges. AS be.
fore directed, do not use a scratch awl
or lead pencil for this purpose, but
use the bench knife, or the sharp
point of a pocketknife blade. With
the back saw proceed to cut off the end
just outside, but close to the line, in
the same way as has already been de-
scribed for backsaw practice in Fig.
"a, after which the end may be planed
smooth (but never beyond the line)
on the bench hook or shoot board, as
directed for the first end.
When using the plane on its side,
care must be taken not to tilt the
plane up IS it pressed against the end
wood being planed. In this position do
not hold the plane by the handle, but
lay the right hand firmly on the side Of
the plane just over the plane iron, and
press the plane firmly down on its side
at the same time it is pushed forward
and pressed against the wood being
planed.
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1905-07-14
FIG. ~.

wood so that a smooth, close-ftting
Joint or connection cannot be made
after its use. The skew chisel style of
knife shown at B is the best, and
should be held and drawn with the
short corner toward the operator.
AS we have already stated in article
I, it will be necessary for all those
who wish TO become even partially
proficient in using woodworking tools
to do moderate amount of practical
work with each tool separately before
trying to use them as a whore in the
construction of any desired article.
The following directions and sugges-
tions will be found helpful. and if car
ried out will greatly assist the begin
ner in his future work.
If we wish to plane a board or a
piece Of stock of any size TO required
dimensions the surfaces and edges
must be planed straight and true. The
first test for true surface is to try ii
with a short straightedge, as at A
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1905-07-14

may be twisted. or as the carpenter
would say. winding. or in wind.
To test surface for wind. two short
straightedges are used, each being of
equal width throughout. One of these
is placed on edge near TO each end of
the surface TO be tested, as in Fig. 40.
Stand back and look across the top
edge of one to the top edge of the
other, and If the two tops agree, as
at A Gig. 46). the surface of the piece
is free from wind.
II the top edges of the winding
strips do not agree, as at b. the wind
or twist OF the surface can be readily
seen, and the high corners must be
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1905-07-14

planed off until the surface agrees
with both tests given above. Two
winding strips should be carefully
made and kept for this purpose, and
also TO be used as short straightedges
when needed. They may be from II to
16 inches in length, one and one-half
to two inches wide and from one-halt
TO three-fourths inch in thickness.
They are tested for accuracy in them
selves by laying them side to side, on
edge, on a fiat surface, and if in this
position the upper edges agree, then
turn one of the strips other end 10,
and if the upper edges still agree the
two strips are correct.
Having obtained true surface, as
above directed, the second step is to
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1905-07-14

make the piece too narrow for the re-
CURED use. If the planning has been
done with care and accuracy the two
edges of the piece will be parallel and
the width correct.
The fourth step is to reset the mark
ing gauge to the required thickness
say three-fourths inch-and with the
gauge head placed and held firmly
against the face side mark or gauge
around and around the piece and again
plane off all wood outside of the
gauge mark, and here again. if the
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1905-07-14
Woman W ebster.

The late Mary A. Livermore was once
called 1.-The Daniel Webster of American
women" because of her majestic mien
solidity of character, Doric simplicity
of thought and weight of utterance
Mrs. Livermores type of eloquence, in
its stateliness of form, its premeditated
art, is not initiated to-day by women
who address assemblies any more than
American men are initiating Webster Oh
Everett. The modern type is more d.
rect, conventional and less ornate.
Webster in one Of his letters to corre-
spondent anent eloquence quoted the
sentiment: Nothing is beautiful which
is not true" and Mrs. Livermore had a
no less lofty ideal.
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1905-07-14

best forms of carpenters hammer,
screw-driver and scratch awl. The
screw-driver should be for general
use six inhces long, and the hammer
may weigh from IL to 16 ounces.
These tools are so common as to need
no description or instructions as TO
their use.
At A in Fig A. is shown an i'm
proved style of adjustable dividers. A
pair eight inches long will be a con-
venient size for general use. At B and
G in the same illustration are shown
two common forms Of bench knives,
one of which should always be used to
lay out work for the back saw or
chisel, instead of using a pencil or
scratch awl. For fine work the di-
mansions marked by a pencil are too
Indefinite. and the scratch made by the
scratch awl is too rough, breaking and
tearing, as it does, the fibers of the
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1905-07-14
BY JAMES RITCHEY.

Instructor in Woodworking and Pattern
Making, Armour Institute of Tech
nology. Chicago)
copyright, 1904, by Joseph B. Bowles.l
NOTE.-The interested reader is ad-
vised TO clip this article for reference.
The boring brace illustrated in Fig.
20 is to be found in many styles and
sizes. For boring holes of all sizes UP
to one inch in diameter brace OF
eight-inch swing will be required and
needs no directions as regards its use
In Fig. Al we show a few Of the
many STYLES of bits used. The first, at
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1905-07-14
FIG. 4s.

IN Fig AZ. The straightedge must be
applied TO different parts of the sur
face, and also In different positions,
and the wood carefully dressed off with
the plane until every part of the sur
face fits to the edge of the straight
edge. If the piece being planed is mar
row, the back edge of the try square
used as shown at b will be sufficient
for making this test. II is usually
the case that while a surface is ap-
parently true by the test just given it
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1905-07-14
Glamour of the Footlights.

Mary Anderson Navarro talked also
a good deal about the stage, and told
me that no one who had not lived be-
hind the scenes could have any idea
how utterly, hopelessly wearisome it
was to live in a world where all things
from the sun and the moon down.
ward were shams.-"Notes from q
Diary"
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1905-07-14
A LESSON IN
MANUAL TRAINING
PRACTICAL POINTS FOR BOYS
WITH AMBITION AND
GENIUS.

Various Carpenter Tools Described
Beginner Must Do Some Practical
Work with Each Tool Separately
Before Attempting Construction
Work-Suggestions for Practice
How to Plane Piece of Wood to
Required Width and Thickness.
The true northerner. [volume] (Paw Paw, Mich.) 1855-1920, 1905-07-14

To the Pacific Coas-to California, Oregon Washington
round-rp long and limits liberal sop-over
privileges.
The is practically the basis of fare for the round
trip. Of wish visit bof6 California and Oregon
Washington, the cost is slightly
These reduced effect certain dates in months
Of May October inclusive They apply from all Eastern points
via Chicago ST. Louis Memphis gateways The Rock Island
System take either Louis hundreds
of other Middle West points and to the Coast through
Standard Tourist Seepes with unxceed Dining Car service
The Rock Island also affords choice of the Scenic
you stop off in Coloradosee Salt Lake Cvisit
Yellowstone National Park; the Southern
via Ell Pao thru New Mexico then up coast to San Francisco
and to Portland or Seattle if desired
In short these Pacific Coast excursions offer unusually good
chance country comprehensive
you desire go only far Colorado there excursion
in effect that section and return, all long,
specially reduced June 30 July 4, August IL and 49,
and August 80 September a. Extension trips Ogden
Salt Lake and at low cost also.
From September Is to October 81, 1905, one-way
tourist coonist tickets will be sale to California and
W the Pacific Northwest about half regular fare.
IN andsd designating
lNM date of advise definitely with respect to