davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Los Angeles herald., 1905-03-25
Credit Balances

BY Associated Press.
OIL CITY, Pa. March 24.-Credit
balances, 81. 3S; certificates. no bid.
Los Angeles herald., 1905-03-25
New York Stocks

NEW YORK, March 24.-The following
were the official quotations for stocks and
bonds on the stock exchange today: a
Los Angeles herald., 1905-03-25
Receipts of Produce

wanted. Young stock would do well
Dealers pay 14q15c live weight.
Los Angeles herald., 1905-03-25

You cannot blame bag OF wind for steer
ing clear Of pointed facts.
Los Angeles herald., 1905-03-25
Boston Stocks and Bonds
BY Associated Press.

BOSTON, March 24,-The following were
closing prices for stocks and bonds on the
Orleans County monitor. [volume] (Barton, Vt.) 1872-1953, 1905-06-19
Trust Estate of Edwin I
Chandler of Barton.

STATE OF VERMONT In Probate Court
ORLEANS DISTRICT, IS. held at Newport, IN
said District, the End day of June,
A. d. 1906
EFF Dutton, Trustee of the trust estate
of Edwin L. Chandler, late of Barton in said
account for examination and allowance,
of the trust estate, of said deceased.
Whereupon it is ordered by said Court that
said account be referred to a SEES
sion ereof, to be held at the
Probate Office in Newport on the 18th day OF
July, A. D., 1905, at O'Clock in the fore
noon for hearing and decision thereon:
And it is further ordered that notice hereof
be given to all persons interested, by publica-
ton of the same three weeks successfully IN
the Orleans County Monitor, a newspaper
published said at Barton, previous to said
time appointed for hearing, that they may
appear at said time and place, and show ca use,
if any they may have, why said acco unit
should not be allowed,
By the Court-Attest,
25.27 F. E. ALFRED, Judge.
Orleans County monitor. [volume] (Barton, Vt.) 1872-1953, 1905-06-19

Mrs. Fox is quite sick.
Sarah Porter is at work at orville Han
Orleans County monitor. [volume] (Barton, Vt.) 1872-1953, 1905-06-19
NORTH cRAFTSBURY.
DEFERRED LOOMS.


II. N. Stevens is clap boarding his house.
Miss Eliza Root is working for Mrs. A.
Paddock.
J. M. Hoyt of Glover visited at g. Fl.
Roots over Sunday.
Miss Eliza Root has gone to Glover and
Barton to visit relatives.
Mrs. James McCaffrey is visiting her
sister Mrs. Martin Johnson.
The Ernest Workers served supper in
the vestry last Saturday afternoon.
A large eel weighing five and one-haIf
pounds was caught from the pond last
week.
6. L. Wheeler and daughter visited his
uncle, Dan Streeter of St. Johnsbury, one
day last week.
| DR.. Dennis Sheehen was III town last
week to see John Ryan who is seriously
i'll at 7. NJ. Gallagher's.
George Dunn went to Burlington last
Saturday, to visit his uncle, Bernard Young
who is attending college there.
The examinations for free entrance to
the Academy was given in the Academy
building last Friday and Saturday. Thirty
four candidates were present Mrs. Harri.
man conducted it.
About hundred and fifty of Mr.. and
Mrs. L. E. Tupper's friends gave them 9
reception in the church last Friday evene
Ing. Ice cream and cake was served In tn.
vestry. A beautiful silver set was pre-.
sented them. They have the congratuIa-
lions and best wishes of host of friends
DERBY.
VS.. Robbins visited his daughter, Mrs
I. Marion, at st. Adams last week.
Mrs. 81. T. Robbins spent several days In
town last week.
Mrs. w. r. Daily has gone to Coventry
to stop with her parents MIR. and Mrs
Black.
Mrs. c. c. Stevens and children from
West Derb visited her sister Mrs. Marvin
Moran last Wednesday.
Let everyone do all they can to max
next Thursday pleasant day for the vet
Grams and their friends who may be her
on that occasion.
III. A. Adams has sold the Charles Car
penter farm purchased by him two year
ago, to Mr.. Hadlock OF Troy who take
immediate possession.
The graduating exercises of the grade
school viii occur Friday afternoon at
O'Clock in the Academy hall, a promenad
viii be held in the evening.
Orleans County monitor. [volume] (Barton, Vt.) 1872-1953, 1905-06-19
LOCAL NEWS.
CONTINUED FROM FIRST PAGE.
COVENTRY.


Mrs. Fox is quite sick.
sarah Porter is at work at Orville Han
cocks.
Ar. Cowles Of Barton was ia town last
Thursday.
Chndren's day viii be observed at the
III. E. church next Sunday.
Katie Williams of Newport is visiting
her grandfather, ). Burbank.
Mrs. A. d. Thurber and little son have
gone to East Burke for visit.
The ladies of the NJ. E. church win fur
nish dinner in the vestry, July 4th.
E. Carter has finished work for c. j.
Brooks and gone to Newport to work.
Mr.. Samuel Burbank has a niece and
nephew from New Hampshire visiting
him.
Miss Juna Sleeper of Newport has bee1
the guest OF Mrs. S. II. Pearson the past
week.
A monument was placed on the Lorenzo
Jenkins lot the past week, Mr.. l.. Allen OF
Troy doing the work.
Mrs. Helen Barrows has gone to Under
hill with her son and wife, Mr.. and Mrs.
c. A. Barrows of Barton. The trip was
made in Mr.. Barrows' automobile.
Miss Lavinia Dodge gave most excel
lent missionary talk On japanese life, in
the NJ. E. church last Wednesday evening
Miss Dodge is very pleasant speaker.
News has been received from Wilder
that Mrs. Almina Collins, who is visiting
her daughter, Mrs. Ednah Stanford, has
suffered a shock and IS not expected tc
live.
Eureka grange will hold an open grange
June %, In Grange hall, and give literary
entertainment and box party, the ladies tc
furnish boxes for two. Proceeds for the
benefit of the grange.
A very interesting program was carried
out at the Bunker Hill Day social, every
number being especially well rendered
| There was a good attendance and cake,
| straw berries and cream were served.
The Children's day exercises at the
| credit is due to those who had it in charge
as well as to the children who rendered
their parts so nicely. Mrs. o. e. Aiken
presided at the organ in her usual pleasing
manner during the singing of solo by
Miss Mae Bean and duet by Mrs. Han
cock and Miss Dwinell. The church was
! tastefully decorated.
CRAFTSBURY.
John Allen spent a few days in Morris
vile last week.
Mr.. and Mrs. Chas. Blake of Eden Wis
tied friends in town last week.
Gov. Bell and daughter were in town
Saturday to assist in the Pomona Grange
George Anderson was called to Coiches.
ter last week to attend the funeral of hiE
aunt.
Mrs. James Anderson spent few days
last week camping at Crystal Lake.
state Auditor H. F. Graham has finished
his duties at Montpelier ana returned
home.
Mrs G. Ii. Hartman conducted the ex-
animation for students to enter the acad'
envy last Friday and Saturday.
Changers from different parts of the state
were in town Saturday to assist IN organ
izing Pomona Grange here.
The families of Elmer Smalley and How
ard Skinner were called to Morrisville last
week by the death of Fred SmaIley of tina
town.
Orleans County monitor. [volume] (Barton, Vt.) 1872-1953, 1905-06-19
NEWPORT.

William Lyford Of this place will sail
England in few days.
Mr.. and Mrs. George z. Rochester
daughter of London, Eng, registere'
the Memphremagog house Tuesday.
The Ladies' Aid society of the Net
dist chu rch is arranging for supper t
served at the yeetry of the church Tn
day evening.
The Lady OF the Lake has been repair
and almost wholly re- built above the
She viii begin the regular trips on
18th, making two complete ones TO Ms
each day.
Orleans County monitor. [volume] (Barton, Vt.) 1872-1953, 1905-06-19
Notice to Taxpayers.

The taxpayers of the town of Craftsbury are
hereby notified that the tax bills on the GRAND
List al 1905 are in my hands for collection: A
discount of four IA per cent will be allowed on
All town taxes paid within ninety 800 days
from date; after that date unpaid tax bllls
will be placed in the hands OF the COLLECTOR 10
be collected according to law.
A. PADDOCK. Town Treasurer.
Craftsbury, VT, June Is, 1905. Zo-Zi
Orleans County monitor. [volume] (Barton, Vt.) 1872-1953, 1905-06-19
CASWELL'S MILLS.
fRASBURG.

Mrs. David France is quite Ill.
DR.. P. c. TempIeton visited his brother
in North Troy last week.
Mrs Hosmon and mother Mrs. Nichols
went to Brattleboro last week.
A daughter was born to Mr.. and Mrs.
George Kennison, Monday, June II.
Carl Carpenter and mother are visiting
friends in Lamoill and Franklin count:e
Mrs. Richard Shepard, who has been
ill long time, is thought to be improving.
Miss Mira Lanou has been visiting
friends in Nashua, N. H., the past few
weeks.
A son, Howard Pike, was born to Mr.
and Mrs. Henry GIeistein in Chicago
June 4th.
A son was born to Mr.. and Mrs. Adelbert
Macia Tuesday June 18th. The little infant
lived only about hours.
Mrs. Burton Pike and daughter OF North
Craftsbury have been spending few DAYS
| with Mr.. aud Mrs. e. A. Pike
A. B. Port, e. A. Pike, g. w. Russell
and D. A. Brahaua attended the Masonic
meeting In Burlington last week.
Eight families, including twentv-seven
children, now occupy the mill company's
tenement house, formerly the old hotel.
| Miss Flossie Douglass, who has been
spending the winter in Pinehurst. N. c..
visited her sister, Mrs. Winget, last week
The many friends of Mrs. Matte Wood
ward will be pleased to learn that she was
able to ride to the village last Thursday,
/ Rev. ]. Poeton returned Thursday night
FROM Brattleboro, where he Ihad been tc
attend the state convention of Congrega.
| tional churches.
Miss Alice Downing, who has been
attending the Hartford, Conn. high
school the past year, returned home last
Saturday for the summer vacation.
Mrs. Clara Bishop and two children. who
have been spending several months witt
friends here, started last Monday FOL
Alberta, British Columbia, where Mr.
Bishop is located.
The Methodist church was well fIIeS
with spectators for the Childrep,s Day ex
ercises yesterday morning. The churcl
was made especially attractive with plant
and cut flowers and the exercises were
pleasing success, A few fitting remark
we're made By the pastor. Rev 6. H.W RICH
Orleans County monitor. [volume] (Barton, Vt.) 1872-1953, 1905-06-19

There will be reunion of the relatives
of the Salmon family at Rock Hill Farm
Monday.
Dean Mcclellan and party of friends
from Barton were at Stone Pond last week,
for weeks outing.
Miss Mary Cutler has been stopping at
Mrs. Alma Martins the past week, receiy-
ing medical treatment.
There viii be an entertainment for the
benefit of the Ladies' Aid at the Congrega-
tional church Wednesday evening, June
21st.
The ladies' Mite Society will meet next
Friday afternoon. Ice cream will be
served. a cordial invitation is extended
to all.
Mrs. w. n. Aldrich has returned from
Burlington where she has been caring for
her son, Fred, who has been very sick with
pneumonia.
Mrs. Sara Powell and grandson, Donald
Lindsay, who will be remembered as spend
ing last summer with Mrs A. b. Rich
have returned from New York for this
summer. Their many friends will be
pleased to see them here again.
GREENSBORO.
Rev. Barton was in Bellows Falls last
week.
j. Lindsay has just completed repairs
on his house.
Mrs. Lester Perrin is visiting her parents
In Hsrdwick.
Mrs. R. ]. Barton is visiting in Salisbury
for few weeks.
Mrs. E. r. Collins visited her father the
last of the week.
Mrs. A. E. Jackson is visiting at her
fathers in Walden.
Mrs. j. h. Darlington is entertaining
her mother from Cabot.
Mr.. and Mrs. E. A. Baker of Boston are
at their farm, where Mrs. Baker will spend
the summer.
Frank Smith and wife attended the
Eldridge-Cox wedding at East HardwIck
Wednesday,.
A. J. Mcclellan attended the meeting OF
rural free delivery carriers at Barton Land
ing Saturday.
Prof. Bliss Perry and family arrived in
town and opened their cottage for the
summer last Friday.
Two or three nine-p Founders were taken
from the lake last week and a large num-
Der of smaller trout and salmon.
G. B. Cook received a dispatch Friday
afternoon that his wife in Natick, Mass,
was much worse. Mr.. Cook left on the
night train for Boston.
The many friends of Miss Maggie Logan
will be sorry to hear that she is falling
again. She is tenderly cared for by her
brother Willis, who has secured the best
medical aid and has done all in his power
to restore her health.
Mr.. and Mrs. Walton B. Simpson gave a
reception at their home Thursday evening
to about one hundred and fifty of their
friends and neighbors. Richardson's band
furnished music for the young people to
promenade in the front yard. Games We're
played, ice cream and cake were served and
all returned home wishing Mr.. and Mrs.
Simpson long and happy life.
CASWELL'S MILLS.
Henry Parker is still very sick
Mrs. Allie Ames is visiting her parents.
Mr.. and Mrs. Henry Maxwell were in
town last Thursday.
Mr.. and Mrs. A. B. Moulton spent part
of last week at Mr.. Robbins in Derby.
Mr.. and Mrs. Mark Wells from Montreal
visited at Ray Heath's last Saturday.
There will be no meeting in the A. G.
church next Sunday on account of the
campmeeting at Beebe Plain.
Orleans County monitor. [volume] (Barton, Vt.) 1872-1953, 1905-06-19
LOWELL.

DR.. Page was in town Monday.
Frank Sanborn spentl last week at
ton.
Mr.. and Mrs. Sylvester of Eden ST
Sunday in town.
Miss Tucker went to Browning
Monday.
Mrs. Watson and Mrs. Burton wer
Westfield last week.
Children's day was observed at the Co
church Sunday, June.11.
Mrs. George Curtis spent few dan
Newport Center recently.
Mrs. Cameron of Glover recently 81
few days with friends in town.
Clarence Newton was the Eguest of
uncle, Il. H. Newton,i last week for
days.
The ball gyme between Johnson
Lowell Saturday, June 10, RESULTED
in favor of Lowell.
Mrs. Leigh Wellman and daug b
from Newport are the guests of Mr..
Mrs. V. M. Parker for few weeks.
Rev. Mr.. Coolidge attended the &C
mencement at st Johnsbury last WE
His son Dwight was one of the gradua
Miss Alice Gilbert, Mrs. Emily Wellm
Mrs. George ChamberIin, Mrs. Hill,
Kinsley, Mrs. Hall, DR.. Tittemore and c
KinsIey attended the commencement
Johnson last week. Sybil Warren
Maud Harding were among the gradua
Orleans County monitor. [volume] (Barton, Vt.) 1872-1953, 1905-06-19

a large com pany was most plea
entertained by Rev. and Mrs. g. II vi
at the parsonage last Thursday afteI
and evening. An afternoon tea was :
choice in variety and quality. The
was well filed with young people Il
evening and ice cream and Gael
served. The occasion was a plesssn
social one.
The Albany baseball team came r.
burg Saturday, June II, and was de1
By the Irasburg team by score ~ 4
The features of the game were left
catch made by Nelson Aiken. the Id
done by Bernie Lee, and catch mo
Clement Pike as runner came in 90
with him at the home plate ;,
disabling the runner but he held ri
and stopped the score. This is al
game the boys have played on the
grounds since they organized fo1
season. 1t looks as though the bows j
maintain their past reputation ID
lost only three of the seventeen }
played in 1904. Score by innings. 7
1 2 8 4 56
IRAsBURG o o 0 o 3 , n
ALBANY 0 0 0 0 l 0 0 o
Batteries, Irasburg, Pike and A,
Albany, Miles and Day. ~
DEFERRED LOCALS.
Thomas Orne burned his foot quite
at the creamery last week.
Mrs. Clara orne is spending the
her mother in South Albany.
Miss May Wheeler attended the In
of her friend, Miss Helen Bean. in Lvr
Sunday, June 4.
JAY.
Henry Stone has gone to Coventr
visit his son.
Mrs. EmeIine Blair is visiting her
Geo. D. Blair, for time.
Mr.. and Mrs. j. E. Chase of p,
attended the funeral of Mrs. e. Chase
Mr.. and Mrs. Fred Prindle were G
to this place to attend the funeral Of
sister, Mrs. Chase.
Geo. Lucier has taken large Iumbe
of D. G. Woodwork of Westfeld an,
sublet part to Q. II. Titus, who will I
work at once.
Mrs. Eta Baraw, former resider
this town, died June IA at Westfield, v
she had lived nearly year. Her rem
were brought here June Is for burial.
Mrs. E. s. Chamberlin passed
Monday, June II. She was born in
fax June II, 184S, and was the wide
the late II. S. Chamberlain and a life
resident of this town.
Orleans County monitor. [volume] (Barton, Vt.) 1872-1953, 1905-06-19
MORGAN.

Frank Allen has been repairing his "a
Mrs. Charlie Bennett has been in HOLD
caring for sick friend.
Edgar Drown has had Peoples I'd
phone put into his house.
Tne Ladies' Aid have decided to pa
pone their supper to later date.
Mrs. Marcia Bartlett has gone to Bart
to her granddaughter's, Mrs. Glen Barn
Archie Tucker, who has been work.
for several parties about here, has hired
Clyde Durgin.
Mr.. A. M. Gray and Scion were called
Bellows Falls few days. ago by the de
of Mr.. Gray's sister.
Mr.. and Mrs. George Gray met wit
serious accident near Edgar browns
Thursday evening. aThe pair of colts t
were driving became frightened and Sol
thing about the pole breaking, the c.
became unmanageable and tipped the W
on over and ran for home where they "
found all safe, but Mr.. and Mrs. u
were badly hurt. At this writing D
GRAY seems better and may recover. II
feared that George is hurt internally.
MORGAN CENTER.
FL. d. Elliott raised large barn
week.
Mr.. and Mrs. Clayton Burroughs II
gtannard are visiting friends here.
Mrs. VIM. Patch and daughter Carrie
son Harold from Morrisville visited fris
| here last week.
Orleans County monitor. [volume] (Barton, Vt.) 1872-1953, 1905-06-19
GLOVER.

Bert Johnson is working for Chas. Kel-
ton.
Mrs. Helen Percival was in st. Johns
bury last week.
Matte Kirby is at home from her work
in Greensboro.
Mrs. Elizabeth Templeton has returned
from Montpelier.
Misses Dwinen and Peel visited at their
homes over Sunday.
Mrs. A. III. Kings sister from West
Burke is visiting her.
Leonard Drew is occupying A. P. Beams
cottage at Stone Pond.
phil Holbrook Of Newport is visiting his
sister, Mrs. E. Davis.
It is boy, and weighs ten and half
pounds, at Martin Beams.
Wa. Royston and wife have been camp
ing few days al Stone Pond.
Las Vegas daily optic. [volume] (Las Vegas, N.M.) 1880-1908, 1905-02-03
RusslA,s cowARoLY ezAR.

Golfers for February 1, refers %
the czar MS a coward, and speaking OF
Ruasia'a future says
The present ears grandfather was
\ ~ In whom liberal intentions al
ternated with panic. stupidity. and
cruelty. After he had freei the serfs
he became reactionary. Finding that
the people expected further progress,
and that progress meant arrogance,
he became querulons and was blown
10 heaven In 1881 His weakness. like
that az the present unfortunate. might
almost AZ Well have been malice.
Nicholas II. liRe his grandfather, has
hasi intentions which have only served
for paving stones. These two rulers
have been neither strong enough TO
suceved MS tyrants nor strong enough
10 keep u ,acsful progress just ahead
% public discomfort Tho stricken
peasants shosn the caar has slaughter,
fSi are victims of his feehleness. The
weakness " the ruler Is visited ON the
people. Alexander Ill. father of the
present car. vas a stronger nan
than Alexander II or than Nicholas.
He iaekef their intermittent and frag.
meniary dreams OF progress. bat he
had brains n character enough TO
set along In some comfort In the
statuqno The val undoubtedly has
made II harder for Nicholas. but he
had already thoroughly shown how
dangerous a petulant walking must
b. IN bis. difficult position An elo-
qslent and fearless mar could rroha.
lily have outwlttci aud pacified the
people for a long time hy receiving
heir petition assuring thcm Of his
sympathy. but declaring TIA, the one
thinr which they must do. before
any radical changes could Be under,
taken was to bring Russia victorious
from the present war. Mere dash
might havo done as much as that In.
,e~f'iTence and knowledge % ,hese
e~r@ woHN have sran'ca changes 81
Las Vegas daily optic. [volume] (Las Vegas, N.M.) 1880-1908, 1905-02-03
Are Out.

With the beginning Of February the
store windows blossomed forth with
a vast array OF valentines Of all des-
c%riptions. Little ones and big ones,
homely ones and pretty ones. 1t Is
just two weeks until Valentine day
and until that time II will mean TO
the amorous youth much hard study
10 figure Just what is going 10 be a
suitable offering to his lady.
As usual the person with a peryert,
ed sense OF humor will get busy this
year and cause numbefless h~eartaches
with the coarse ugly things that have
been dubbed valentines and the send
ing OF which Is an underhand method
generally Of expressing a petty spite.
Las Vegas daily optic. [volume] (Las Vegas, N.M.) 1880-1908, 1905-02-03
RrpuLarp, nur Nor DESTROYED

REpuLsEp, GUT NOT DESTROYED
There has been no doubt tn any
mind that the ~so-called baef trust y a
monopoly IN restraint o. trade. The
only question vas as 10 whether suf'
ficlent evidence Of the fact could DO
obtained. The United states supreme
court has decided this question In
favor or tho public and against the
packers. The greedy combination
which piuches tho cattle growers AZ
one end aud The consumers AT the
other has taken from the people many
millions OF dollars unfairly every year,
and n mn end Ia soon 10 BIO made 10 us
d%epredations the Kansas City Journal
thinks the country IL most heartily
10 be congratulated.
Word comes from Washington that
The attorney general means 10 prose
cute vigorously any infringcmonts OF
| tho injunction made permanent by
the supreme court, holding the cul
prits personally and criminally r
sponaible for their acts. Undoubtedly
this Is the practical why 10 90 about
it. Men who will pay fines without
much oncern will be very cautious
how they lay themselves liable TO
arrest and imprisonment They can
charge the fines up to profit and loss,
but personal Inconvenience and dis
grace are too painful 10 take chances
on.
But 1t shouldn't Ire concluded hasti-
" that the beef trust IL about to be
dissolved The packing interests are
rich enough 10 employ The most Gun
ming and skillful legal talent In the
country. and when defeated In one
procedure they simply set about gain
Ing their ends in another way. There
is no reason TO suppose they mean tt
accept the spirit Of the courts ruling
until every legal trick and resource
has been exhausted, however implic
Il obedience may seemingly be given
10 It's letter. The mistake was IN
making agreements es TO prices and
operations In such a way rs to permit
OF these procedures becoming known
and used ms evidence. The new prob
lem 10 be solved is how the same
results may he effected by different
and more secure methods. To tht
solving Of this problem The lest wits
that money can hire will now address
themselves.
Eventually the government may cor
ncr the beef combine 80 tightly that
Il cannot escape. but that 1t has now
done this IL simply too good TO be
tIceed.
Las Vegas daily optic. [volume] (Las Vegas, N.M.) 1880-1908, 1905-02-03
NEW MEXICO MINES AND MIN.
ERALS.

The Optic has received from Col.
Max Frost, secretary OF The bureau OF
immigration, a copy Of New Mexico
Mines n Minerals" a work prepared
for the bureau by Prof, r. A. Jones. OF
the United States geological survey.
Tho work Is comprehensive and. as Ear
as we are able 10 determine, accurate
Technical terms and learned DISGUST.
tiong arc avoided and The subject mat.
ter Is, for the most part, brought down
10 the level OF the lay reader, and
made attractive at that.
The information contained 81 the
book win be ~ the Gseatest value.
nlaced, as II viii be. in the han1s d
thousands who are interested IS New
Mexico and her mineral resources. A
aumber OF allied subjects afe eater
tulningly treated Altoso.he' Tho
work is one OF the most valuable csel
published by the bureau OF imm!g,a
ton.
Las Vegas daily optic. [volume] (Las Vegas, N.M.) 1880-1908, 1905-02-03

quietly that this CONFUSION would new
er have occurred. Tho Russians are
a patient. loyal. spiritual people, who
could be led 20 liberal government
with smoothness and without ex-
tromos, had the autocrat happened %
be Of moro fitting stock than the pres
cnt house OF Romanon. So moderate
and simply wise are the Russian PEG
plo that a long series OF extremes in
spasms ia impossible Liberty will
come 20 Russia, and come at IN in
creaslng speed, but there will be nc
moro violence In IT'S approach than 81
made necessary by the cowardlce OF
shallow Ignorance Of her rulers.