The sun., 1905-08-06

BFsws y VA = ~ Y isisv ijS y Va ~ i 1890 y
fhsss lcoksd upoon slS HI bli1lssd Churcl
- oontrarys 10 ths C6spsA. lThsy yolun
tarily separated themselves from that or
ganixation and probably, had tho chsnc'
come TO them. would have put an end u
the Establishment.
In 1911 three men. who are described ir
tho Middlesex county records % Brown
lists, were convicted Of attending unlawful
religious assemblies, and, having remained
in prison for the space Of three months
after conviction and not conforming them
selves were banished out OF the realm
and were ordered to take chipping from
London for Amsterdam In tho Netherlands
before the end Of one month after the nex'
Easter Day.
These sxiles were followed by othel
Brownists, and by many more Noncon'
formista who did not share Robert Browne
extrome idess. From Amsterdam the
English fugitives removed to Leyden, and
thence. a. II b well known, some Of them
In 1920 migrated to New England In the
Msyfower. To such emigrants for con-
science sake tho name of .Pilgrims' Il
aptly enough applied. Our author is un-
certain how many Of the first band Of Pill
srims came from Leyden. 1t is certain
that q large proportion Of the English
congregation in that town, which was pre-
sided over by the Rev. John Robinson,
nsver came to America; those members Of
his hock who did emigrate came at three
Only thirty-fve Of tho Mayhower's pas
sengers have been identified a. belonging
to the fugitives settled In Leyden. 1t Is
worth noting that OF those who came from
England, and who had had no share In the
life In Holland. was William Mullins Of Dork-
ing, the father Of Longfellow's Priscilla.
and John Alden, who was hired as q cooper
at Southampton. Mr.. Claiming says that
others, whom 1t is difficult to identify with
exactness, were servants who were sent
out by merchants to labor In their behalf.
There were also two sailors, who were en-
gagged to remain in the colony for one
year.
Before leaving this topic we would direct
attention to footnote to page 272, which
reminds US how often the word puritan
Is used inaccurately by writer's on American
history to denote only the people Of Massa-
chusetts Bay. ITO these authors the
Massachusetts, people seem to have been
apart from the rest Of the world, and to
be alone entitled to the distinction of being
classed with Cromwell, Milton, Hampden
and other great PuritAns. Some New
England writer's seek to separate Bradford
and the early settlers at Plymouth from
the Puritans, and call them Pilgrims Any
such narrow use OF the word Puritan is
historically inaccurate, and, therefore.
undesirable. Roger Williams, William Cod
dington, William Bradford. William Brew
ster. John Winthrop. John Endicott, John
Haynes, Thomas Hooker. Theophilus Eaton
and John Davenport were all Puritans.
In q note appended to the eleventh chap
ter our author administers shock to
venerable tradition. He is speaking as
historian. not as q post-prandial orator,
and does not omit. therefore, to record
that there never was landing on Plym-
outh Rock, or elsewhere. as has been
descrihed In orations, br shown In paint
ings and engra ravings. Pilgrim foot first
pressed the shores of the New World on
the shores OF Provincetown harbor. The
Pilgrims first went on shore on the main
land inside OF Plymouth harbor on Dec. IL
(old style) or Dec. 81 NEW style), 1870,
having three days previously entered the
harbor, and having for two days been en-
camped on Garke's Island. The May
flower was then at anchor at the end Of
Cape Cod, twenty-five miles or more away,
and did not reach Plymouth harbor until
Dec 10 (7e). During the winter she served
ss refuge and hospital. and it was not until
the end Of March. 1921. that the last Of her
left her for the shore. We
have absolutely no knowledge Of tho doings
Of the Forefathers on the day Dec. II cay,
1920, which we commemorate as Fore
fathers Day" Our author adds that
The mistake as to date aross In transferring
old style dates to those Of modern times
Az for the tradition Of Plymouth Rock
being used as landing place, this goes
back to Elder Faunce. who. In l74i, at the
lre of Of, undertook to repeat what he had
heard many years before from the original
settlers.
v.
Reviewing In the last chapter Of this
volume the state OF things in the various
En- Rlish, colonies on the North American
0AlulAuu Ill ltVJ, tiO LiSVOAAsh AoAi0i hD
hat -human nature was much the same
n Virginia and Massachusetts,, In Mary
and and Rhode Island, that 1t was In con-
Englsnd. In almost any direc-
Ion in which the investigator makes a
study, whether in the treat
neot Of serious grimes or Of less grave
,fYsnses against social order and human
comfort, tho result is practically the same.
Tho oolonists were still Englishmen in their
feelings and prejudioes, In their virtues
md In their vices No new type had
vet bsen developed. Much more time
was needed for that. Contact with the
wilderness, and freedom from the oon-
,titutonal restraints which held down
En glishmeu In England. had not yet brought
o the surface the latent elasticity Of the
3ermanio race. had not yet resulted in
making the oolonists Americans. A CEN
ury OF exposure to colonial conditions was
required to force tho English In America
way from the traditions and ideals Of
hose who continued to live in the old land
N. w. H.
Tho Primitive Greeks.
Tho third volume in The History Of All
Jatious. series, published by Lea Bros. d