davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1905-06-23
ACT OF PROVIDENCE.

In the ears of the people rings the
news of another railroad catastrophe.
the wreck of the worlds fastest train
the "20th Century Limited which, Of
very recent date, has been given con.
siderable space in the press of the
country on account of its remarkable
feat in cutting the running time be-.
tween Chicago and New York from 20
hours to IA. The train, when wrecked,
was running at the rate of seventy
miles an hour. It dashed into an open
switch-was derailed and demolished.
Five persons were killed and a hun.
dred or more MANNED. Many will die
as a result of the injuries sustained.
The task Of attaching the blame. for
the accident now occupies the minds of
EDL ACT OF ~ e, =. O.. sr =. E..
the Lake Shore officials. They aver
that the wreck was due to malicious
mischief, supporting their contention
with the statement that "a fast train
passed the switch three quarters of
hour before the limited came along"
They argue further that the speed at
which the train was running is of no
significance in ascertaining the cause Of
the wreck. Notwithstanding the pub.
lie is aghast at the horror and attaches
all blame to the awful pace of the train
Seventy miles an hour-more than
mile a minute. 1t is impossible to con.
ceiye the impetus such rate of speed
gave the train in crashing into the
switch. Had the speed been less, how
ever, rather than being dashed to
splinters, the engine and coach would |
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1905-06-23
NON.pRODUCERS.

what do these men producer quer
led a prominent resident of the city
yesterday referring to the proprietor.
of the Astor street brothels. Uncon
sciously he asked question, the reply
TO which, fittingly describes the whole
evil of the tenderloin element-"they
produce nothing" Aside from the fact
that these men are void of all moral
appreciation, they are also void of en-.
terprise. Their avocation is such they
bring all forces to bear upon an en-.
deavor to arrive at some crafty method
of separating the unwary from his
money. The sums they accrue, as a
result of their insidious practices, they
hoard. They make limited expenditures,
but among an element with which they
are closely assimilated. In this we find
their greatest evil. One may travel over
the entire world and visit communities
offering the most imposing and attrac.
tive ediiices, the most solid of CONNER
cial interests, an intelligent apprecia-
tion of legitimate enterprise, of the vir.
tues of education, of the drama and of
morals, but to the element that supports
institutions of the Astor street ilk,
can be traced none of these very worthy
advancements. No self-respecting city
depends upon such class for its exist
ence. A few Jobs eomforters exist
among us who are wont to predict that
as result of the advocacy against the
brothels, the commercial interests of the
city will become stagnant, and that the
prominence among cities, TO which Asto-
ria is destined, will be forever lost.
How utterly absurd. The dance halls
may go and they will be forgotten. The
persons who were their support may go
and others will take their places-oth-
ers who probably now remain away
from this City by the Sea because of the
stigma upon it.
These will come and cooperate with
us. New commercial enterprises will
be born, handsome buildings will be
erected, new schools an dplaces of wor.
ship established, the marine progress Of
the city will be marked, our streets will
be improved, public parks will bloom
within our confines, and last, but not
least, our population will be increased.
To these things look the producing ele-
ment; NOT THE NON PRODUCERS.
The non-producing class will prevent,
if possible, their attainment and the
sooner the city is rid of these moral de-
the better, not only for the
:ity, but for the people, especially, the
children and the young women.
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1905-06-23
IN LIGHTER VEIN.
The Old Tale.

The Old Tale.
Come row me over the wave,
Charon,
Row me over the wave;
Life is an endless close shave, shave
Charon,
Row me over the wave.
Lowell Otis Reese
SONG.
If all my love were scattered into
gems
The worldly stars we give our life to
gain
Then in the night,
Fancy that now can bring me only pain,
Would radiant crowns contrive, and
crescents bright,
And burning diadems.
Then on thy finger the soft amethyst
Would tremble, love, and in thy hair
I'd twine
Warm rubies red;
While to the sweet throat | have never
kissd
Pure pearls, like clustering kisses,
would / wed,
And dream they made it mine.
Herbert S. Weber, in Harper's Mag.
azine.
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1905-06-23

Some day you will get a bad scare
when you feel pain in your bowels
and fear appendicitis. Safety lies in
DR.. Spaulding's New Life Pills, a sure
cure for all bowel and stomach dis.
eases, such as headache, biliousness, cosi
tiveness, etc. Guaranteed at Charles
Rogers drug store, only 25c. Try them.
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1905-06-23
Royal Road to Wealth.

Cobwigger-lf you take advantage oI
your opportunities you will be il
comfortable circumstances.
Freddie-What must you do in order
to get rich, dad!
Cobwigger-Take advantage of other
peoples opportunities.
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1905-06-23
No Secret About Il.

1t is no secret that for cuts, burns.
etc, nothing is so effective as Bucklin's
Arnica Salve. ut did not take long to
cure a bad sore had, and it is all 0.
X. for sore eyes, writes D. L. Gregory,
of Hope, Texas. 25 cents at Charles
Rogers drug store.
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1905-06-23
June 5, 1901.

June 5, 1901
Dearest: | reached town too late Ia
run up to see you, my love, and my
eyes will be unblest by a sight OF you
until We meet at the altar tomorrow.
am like a school.boy, and the long
years that are to make me steady and
wise under your sweet influence beckon
with the alluring charms of the vacation
that shall never end. To make you the
happiest of women is the hope that
fills me with an unshaken confidence
in my powers to protect and guard
you from the slightest care or worry.
Your days shall be as free as no
woman's days were ever free before.
and the shadow that reaches your dear
eyes will vanish in the fullness of NV
love. / am filed with positive rage at
the Indifference of some married men
to their wives, and the VOW goes ND
from my heart that the lady whose
colors | wear shall never have cause TO
grieve at the smallest lack from the one
whose life is devoted to her happiness.
Until tomorrow, sweetheart.
CHARLES.
r. Stake Browning, love, to read.
Jane Carr Is. F. Bulletin).
ITO be continued)
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1905-06-23
CHARLES BYINGToN,



My Dearest: cannot sleep am
still vibrating TO that tremulous yes. $
The sesame that flung open the doors OF
Paradise will rest on my pillow of
dreams, fragrant flower that shall
never lose its perfume in the neetine
glory OF the rose of yesterday"
You say that / might have been u
poet! That was dream OF mine once.
but, like lost ambitions, il lies buried
in the grave of dead and withered
'hopes. Since you care to listen to my
modest verse, to you, my queen, will
indite the truant fancy, and on the
rosary of my prayerful muse will !
string the bright beads of my reyerent
soul.
! There is dawn between us, and then.
my own, the day will be complete in
its vision OF you. Am | too importu.
nate!
May l call at II! An unimagina.
tive man must not lose sight OF the
heavens that hold the one star, for
he might doubt in the waking hours
the glory of his dreams. Your devo-
ted CHARLES.
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1905-06-23
LETTERS TO HER.
BEFORE and after.l

My Dear Miss Lester: / am sending
you a copy of the Browning edition
that you admired at the Crofter's ex.
hibition last week, and l look forward
to the pleasure Of reading some extracts
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1905-06-23

Office boy-Wy, cert, l want more
pay; I'm only getting "fOur" week,
and give my mother all / earn.
Proprietor-What do you do with the
other three and half?-Puck.
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1905-06-23
Social Economics.

my dear girl, do you think il Is
right to let that young man spend 50
much money on your"
"Why not? l have no intention of
marrying him.
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1905-06-23
COMMENT

Another great victory" will reau
headings in all the great daily newspa-
pers. Astoria morals defeat profit.
gacy," will read the sub heads.
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1905-06-23

to You on any evening that you may
find convenient.
| have never enjoyed in any other
woman's society that exquisite sym,
pathy that reveals by subtle appre.
citation the unspoken thought, the only
jealously guarded vagaries of the mis-.
understood, the potencies Of mind and
hekrt that lie hidden in the most
commonplace of us poor mortals, find
in the divine intuition of a sweetly
tender woman the grace and dignity
that bowed humility justly attributes
to reflected purity of the generous
sympathetic soul. Pardon this out.
burst but that last conversation, com,
prehensive and grave with the penetra.
tion that shows the trend of serious
mind above the tarnish of the gilded
nonsense of the tieeting show, was
revelation that flashed across my con
sciousness to quicken my less spiritual
nature into vigor and response that
it has not known for years. Iom
and .mindedness have
given you place apart from oil Others,
and have brought back to enc wanderer
the shattered ideals OF his vanished
youth, Hoping to hear from you and
to the qualification of secret desire
| am, sincerely yours,
CHARLES BYINGT0N.
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1905-06-23

And now to atiix the blame for the
Goth Century Limited" wreck Due
to malicious mischief" say the Lake
Shore officials The engineer was kill.
ed. Why not blame it upon him, fol.
lowing the idea of the Pacific Mail
Steamship Company which attached the
responsibility for the wreck of the Rio
Janeiro upon the steamers dead cap,
tain?
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1905-06-23

Bowen Loomis Scandal" tabled.
Next!
Our true friend Cassie c." who
though not of the equine family proved
well as a PAGER. and furnished the press
with much reading matter, must share
honors with the late Mr.. Gaskell. who
has innoculated the slumbering city of
Philadelphia with the elixir of life"
Harvey W. Scott passed through this
city while ago. Is the Astorian then
so formidable that the worthy editor
proprietor of the 0regonian was afraid
to stop, or has Mr.. Scott permitted pro.
fessional differences to become personal
animosities!
An editorial in the San Francisco, Cal.
Bulletin is headed THE New Saloon"
The opening was undoubtedly auspicious
Luther Burbank and President Roose.
velt should cultivate each others ac.
quaintance-th one cultures cacti TO
palatableness; the other an olive branch
on big stick. Both are eminently
wizards"
At the Portland fair body of repre-.
sentative men are making inroads into
The good roads question.
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1905-06-23

Bowen Loomis Scandal" tabled
Nextl
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1905-06-23
SUBSCRIPTION RATES.

WEEKLY AsToRlAN.
IL mail, per year, in advance 81 90
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1905-06-23

At the Portland fair body of repre-.
sentative men are making inroads into
the good roads question.
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1905-06-23

Entered at the pcstofiice at Astoria
Oregon as second -class matter.
The morning Astorian. [volume] (Astoria, Oregon) 1899-1930, 1905-06-23

An editorial in the San Francisco, Cal.
Bulletin is headed THE New Saloon" "
The opening was undoubtedly auspicious
Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1905-03-30
NEW OIL BILL
By REP. KlN|HO
THIRTY-SEvENTH DAY.


Rep. Kaniho introduced another oil
bill in the House this Thirty. seventh
Day of the session, an Act to regulate
and provide for the inspection, testing,
storage and sale of petroleum and Its
products, and other explosives. Tho
rules were suspended and the bill re.
ferred directly to the Printing Com.
mittee.
Flash Test at 40.
Kaniho's new bill provides for a
fash test of 100 degrees for crude pc
troleum for fuel purposes. This bill
differs from Kaniho's first bill In that
the latest presentation goes into the
storage and safety proposition more.
This new bill is the "underwriters' 4"
measure.
To Protect Fishes
Rep. Kaleiopu introduced bill to
prevent the wanton destruction of the
food fishes living in the Territorial
waters. The measure puts the two.
inch (stretched) mesh limit on nets.
The Act seeks to prevent the indiscrt
inmate slaughter of undergrown fish,
at the same time exemptipg certain
mature fish which would not find II
Difficult to climb through a mesh one
inch square, or two inches square
when stretched.
To Pay Lyourgus.
A resolution by Rep. Lewis. as fol.
lows, was referred to the Finance
Committee: Be 1t Resolved. by the
House of Representatives, That there
be included in the appropriation for
unpaid bills an item In favor Of Jno.
Lycurgus to labor on Kaumana road.
Hilo, Hawaii, $3.50.
Disposition Of Bills.
House Bill 176, In re leper settle.
ment and hospital, passed third read.
ing with no amendment.
House Bill las, election of Board Of
Supervisors. was recommitted to the
Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1905-03-30
Yong Hon Chiu to Yong Kwal You. BIS
L c All Chez to Kan Sang ....... BIS
MONKEY MOTION ENGINES.

Ogden, Utah, Jan. ia new type
Of engine, known as the monkey mo-
ton" pattern. which, 1t is claimed. will
revolutionize steam locomotion on rail-
roads, was successfully operated on
the Southern Pacific tracks to-day.
when train Of 1900 tons was run from
Ogden to Wadsworth, New, hauled by
one OF the new engines.
The new type Of engine was designed
by Edgar M. Luckett of the Southern
Pacific. Many advantages over the
standard type are claimed for THO
monkey notion" All the driving
mechanism ia located on the sides Of
tho engine. making 1t easy of access.
The steam exhausts very rapidly and
there is no back pressure.
1t is estimated that the new engine
will save from rs to 40 per cent In coal
consumption, being able to run fifty
four miles with one ton of coal, as
against twenty. i've to twenty-eight
miles under the present system. The
standard engines now In use can be
changed to the monkey motion" with
but very little cost.
Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1905-03-30

Miscellaneous Committee.
House Bill 1871, collections of rent.
was referred to the Finance Commit.
tee.
House Bill 40. sanitary district of
Honolulu, is still undergoing third
reading.
Lands Committee.
The Public Lands Committee re-
ported on petition from w. X. Keohe,
introduced by Haia, asking $500 dam.
ages for land taken from certain taro
land and a family burial plot in Kipa-
hulu. Maui. 1900 Of an acre, the COM
mittee considering that 500 Is enough.
Report adopted.
This committee also reported on a
petition from Mrs. Luahine, introduced
by Lewis. asking that two acres, In
possession of the Government, be con
veyed to her on the ground that her
! family and ancestors have lived there
for long time, finding that petitioner
and family had been allowed to occupy
the lot in question unmolested, al
Continued on Page a.
Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1905-03-30
SUNDAY LAW VETO.


"o'ernor oar.ers veto oi .he sun
uay Jaw passea ny the Legislature was
no' ~ nne win Tue very op'.ous sen.
tinheht oi tne ciuzehs Oh TINS ierr'tory
"s eApresseu IN l'iee''hss ca,ieu lor the
purpose Vi discussing 'he oi'i OF e'f
ueneeu III Praeuse III ooser'i"s inc
"'u ia"'
'uoseu rom MS message 'he Wv
ernoi seehs 70 seeure q more peI,ec'
measure e"Ifyins ou' inc Sahe iae"'
'noush Vi COURSE III ve'oihs 'he meas
'e 90 IL s.ahus nc WIN unques''ohapiy
De sven 'ne pehen' Vi Tue Iehs'ous
o'e w '"ose wno ae ent"us'aeu ,,
Al neep,hs e'oseu ouhuay III hawaii
me nuiIe'.h canho, asree Una. INC
no' VI .ne As,a.e orc nAe'y
W o1'n ,noie peiiev. measure, "
one "o'e ~ neep.ns Win pu1"o sen'
e., =. N,'e ~. ''n aeauy pas'1 y.
~. pus ~ w 10 passa a III
.,ue 'n -, .ne 'a .non Mnen su, .',i
u ,".se WI
~. ,,,. M % CN.,,, 1870
80 49, 10 IS. -. y. ~.
,ass seu un ' , o ,,n ,~,,, sI ~ sn
a,so.nS 30 r,,,, ,'naan ,ha law, 90 n,,,,, ~
san,,msnt than go tara ~ ~ ill., -,
Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1905-03-30
IN THE POLICE COURT

Helen" apparently the dirtiest Of
the gypsies that have infested the
town for the past week, came up be-
fore Police Judge Whitney this morn
ing on the charge of vagrancy. At.
torney Geo. A. Davis appeared for the
disheveled Roumanian, and he caused
some little Amusement In court by
jumping to his feet before the charge
could be delivered and protesting that
Helen could not constitutionally be
charged with vagrancy. His eloquent
plea moved Deputy Sheriff Rawlins so
much that without any objection on
the latter's part the case was nolle
pross'd, and Helen went on her way
rejoicing. Attorney Geo. A. Davis was
surrounded by an admiring deputation
of the wandering tribe, and was the
recipient of many congratulations on
his moving plea for the prisoner.
Ramon Ramos, who Is wanted by Ho
nolulu police for stealing watches, has
been arrested in Paia. High Sheriff
Henry this morning received mes
sage from Sheriff Baldwin Of Paia that
Ramos was arrested there last night
and that numbers of watches found In
his possession correspond with those
sent out by the police department here
Ramos will be brought down on the
next Kinau and turned over to loca
authorities.
Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1905-03-30
HOLT SATISFIED

"The decision by the Supreme Court
regarding the agency contracts is of the
greatest importance to the Territory"
said Tax Assessor Holt this noon.
This is the first time they have been
taxed and the decision means neat
increase in Hawaii's revenue. My as
sessment was sustained In the cases OF
II. Hackfeld Co., Castle & Cooke and
Schaefer & Co. In the other cases 1t
was reduced a little. The property
thus rendered taxable amounts to
$366,3O5.2O, the taxes on which will
amount to over $500.
Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1905-03-30

that even law with the improvements
suggested by the governor would be
found worthy OF amendment two years
hence. The Territory may be ready to
go back to more radical basis of Sun
day observance and shut everything
up tight on the Sabbath.
The House responded to the prevail.
ing public sentiment. backed by sober
thought, when 1t stood by the Quinn
bill in spite of the Governors veto.
TIE thing for the Senate to do is fol.
low good example.
Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1905-03-30
ITEM AGAIN DISCUSSES
CANE PLANTERS FIGURES

ol.o tn tn
.ho aSouo a,,ov,noa pos,dos ho nv.
80 ~. - s..ro, ,or ,,,r,hor nror,
~ a.ua woos So,,roroa oIonas,aa tha
w.,s $50 =. nj, Ill d,.,.n, ~
60 ro - 80, "a a. so.a -, o.no ,ons
~ 49, ao,a, haaa - s,oor ,or ahout a
,u.an &C. r.n "ror a. o,, a,arv ,wo
vsors port nonsorso that,
:, !. oon,andod ,ha, NV ,rvos,mor.
49,, ~, -. -. A.. .,...,s.,s,
:. .hn,,,d ,a =, n,o ,van, a. h,ou s,.oLa
ir,n ,ho o.oa % ,ho r,h,,o hv, No,
o,horw,so Tho Ion norntna On a ran,.
=. 80 =, ,..s r t,a, a,as ~. 80.
sror, NV n,,oo ana who ,,yas In . honsa
oon,a,n;nr no, ,noro ,han ,on do,,ors.
worth ., ,,anr,ao,nrad no,ar,s, cots
ohor, ~. samn nr,oo ,or HE oana ne
Mr. n r sh,nm.n inc, over tho
fence IN Tho other edo w,,hout hr,id.
,rgs s,ooL Or oar,om,,nra, ,n,n,.monts
ami Who h,ros oil b,s worr anno cot.
the Same 40 mr. prssa, nho Ia,.
Invested largo amounts ~ monov IN
imnrovemants buiId,ngs ORC do,,vor.
cd bis cane on tho came doy Tho, d,a
and 90, exac,Iv Tho somo nr,oa
Tho mill will No, Give Won n oort
moro or Lose on account q, yonr Invos,'
ments. then WIN sbon,d ~ enter into
these calculations,
"pandving ~ agures hack and forth.
IN inst what we want 7 lilo aguro.
and am willing IN Give them ana stand
INV them On ,ar a. INV s,ao ~ ,ha o.sa
ia CONCERNED
, For tho nur,ose n, show,ro hon, ,,.
amount dne mo 10 ostohI,shod oro,e
from INV contract with Tho mil, 40 ri.
lovs.
4 .Wben tho nr,co roce,vod bv Oh. MI,
for sugar in San Franc,sco q. az
cents. and less than an cen,s nor
Mound for each ton a, cano sa1sm
received "a IL ner ton NJ cana from
,ha vii, ,.,h,,h 4. IN a.. ..
called for. do not wish The reodor
to understand that I have anv fault
TO and with the mill about mot living
Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1905-03-30

The statement that the Governor
conte mplates putting Attorney Judd at
the head of the Board of Education
and DIR. Judd at the head of the Board
Of Health has many attractive feat.
ures. These young men are capable
and energetic. II, however. the Gov.
ernor is to carry through this scheme.
he ought to go further and place rel.
alive at the head of each department.
SO that there could be no danger Of di,
vided responsibility.
Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1905-03-30

If 1t be true that the shadow of p.
c. Jones fell upon the paper while
Governor Carter deliberated on the
Sunday bill, It is an absolute certainty
that the Jones shadow did not point
to approval
Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1905-03-30

Then It is Of no moment where the
intoxicated people who made all the
trouble on the Molokai trip got their
liquor? The indifference to the source
Of the difficulty is interesting as show.
ing that the underground purpose Of
the real investigation promoters is
spite or double.dealing.
Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1905-03-30

One OF the things for the Jurors to
consider in the Liliha street accident
is whether any motorman can make
the schedule demand without driving
his car to excessive speed limits. 1t
Is always very easy to hold a motor
man and engineer responsible, partic-
ularly II no account is taken Of how
long he could hold his position II he
drove at q slower rate.
Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1905-03-30

1t is always very interesting to con.
template the gentlemen who plead for
votes on promise as men and gentle.
men that they favor the County Bill
and government by the people, and
who, after having been taken at their
word, get up in the Legislature and
ask who wants the County Bill any.
way
Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1905-03-30

Notice given by Japan that 1t will
make peace terms with Russia direct
suggests that Japan finds Russia easy
TO handle under any circumstances.
Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1905-03-30
A reconsidered Sunday law means {
defeated Sunday law.

What does 1t profit man If he runs
the whole works and is still unable to
tell the truth?
Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1905-03-30

If half that has been said of the Gar
were true he would have committed
suicide long ago.
Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1905-03-30

Don't think you are great wit just
because the girl with pretty teeth
smiles at anything you say.
Evening bulletin. [volume] (Honolulu [Oahu, Hawaii]) 1895-1912, 1905-03-30

Those who claim that life Is not
worth living are usually the first to
hustle for doctor when they become
an