davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Stark County Democrat. [volume] (Canton, Ohio) 1833-1912, 1905-01-17

ing out the same Some very fine
timbers are being shipped from the.
station here that has been secured
from that place.
c. M. Shafer of this place, chief
inspector of the dairy and food depart
meut started on trip today looking
after violators of the law.
e. J. Mclaughlin visited Akron on
business today. 1853
Charles OFT and family after two
weeks stay with friends here return
ed today to their home at Barberton.
Paris, Jan. 14.-The Reformed Sun
day school elected the following OFF,
GERS for the ensuing year: Superin-
tendent, J. J. Grossman; assistant SUI
perintendent, Mrs. f. l.. Simmer;
treasurer, George Meiser; secretary,
Edith Lentz; chorister, William
Motts; organist, Della Lentz; assist
ant organist, Ida Grossman: librar-
ians, Clarice Myers and Nellie Sproat.
William Snyder was appointed janitor
of the church.
Henry Sponseller and II. e. Myers
are sick with the grip.
The recent snowstorm has again
blockaded some of our roads.
William Sproat is wearing a broad
smile because a little son has come
to live at his home.
Mr. and Mrs. Charles Sponseller of
Frceburg, spent Tuesday with Mr..
and Mrs. Henry Sponseller.
Mrs Joseph Livingston spent Mon
day with her daughter near Roberts
vile.
Homer Foltz has returned home af-
ter spending two weeks in Racine,
Wisconsin.
Harry Sponsellers children are suf-
fering with whooping cough.
Lewis speakman and Warren Motts
have each purchased fine cutter.
Lewis Shearer and Miss Laura
Koontz were married Wednesday at
the home of the brides parents. Mr..
and Mrs. Emanuel Koontz, north of
town.
Rufus Helm made a business trip
to Robertsville Tuesday.
Moultrie, Jan. 14.-Pearle Leiselman
visited her parents, Mr.. and Mrs.
Jacob Leiselman. Sunday.
Mrs. Sue Smith and daughter Mary
and Walter Cogan, visited Mr.. and
Mrs. Levi Edwards Sunday.
Mr. ord Mrc Eronly uah, ond fam
lily spent Sunday with Mr.. and Mrs.
Jacob Temple, of New Alexander.
Mrs. Levi Edwards and daughter,
Agnes, were shopping in Alliance Sat
urday.
George A. Essck was taken with
another epileptic fit Saturday fore
noon.
Mrs. Margaret Brady visited Mrs.
G. A. Essick Monday.
Reeves Walters. of Canton, is vis-
iting his brother, Lester Walters, Of
this place, for few days. .,..--y.
Miss Cleo Bates visited Misses Mary
and Miriam Cassiday Thursday eve
ming.
Mr.. and Mrs. John Hahn visited Mr..
and Mrs. Charles Edwards Sunday.
Mrs. Jacob Geiselman visited Mrs.
Elizabeth Miller Monday.
Clyde Stackhouse spent Saturday
and Sunday with relatives near Sc
bring.
]. b. Cassiday was shopping recent
ly in Minerva.
Mrs. Clyde Stackhouse is spending a
few days in Sebring.
r. Dourm is shipping hay from this
place.
New Berlin, Jan. 14.-Misses Nellie
and Emily Shook. of Akron. were
guests at the home of Mr.. Harden
Coleman, for several days.
Gospel meetings were held at the
Reformed church this week.
Mrs. Urias Schlott has returned 20
her home in Canton. after a weeks
visit with New Berlin relatives.
Mrs. ]. o. Kreighbaum entertained
the Ladies' Literary club on Monday
afternoon and evening. The afternoon
was sDant in dining fancy work After
The Stark County Democrat. [volume] (Canton, Ohio) 1833-1912, 1905-01-17

ESTABLISHED ........s....... 1850
STARK COUNTY DEMOCRAT.
The Stark County Democrat. [volume] (Canton, Ohio) 1833-1912, 1905-01-17

New Berlin, Jan. 14-Misses Nellie
and Emily Shook. of Akron. were
guests at the home of Mr.. Harden
Coleman, for several days.
Gospel meetings were held at the
Reformed church this week.
Mrs. Urias Schlott has returned 20
her home in Canton. after a weeks
visit with New Berlin relatives.
Mrs. ]. o. Kreighbaum entertained
the Ladies' Literary club on Monday
afternoon and evening. The afternoon
was spent in doing fancy work. After
a o'clock dinner. the following pro-
gram was given: Map study of Am
erica, Miss Frances Richards; vocal
solo, Miss Pearl Coleman; EARLY Dis
coveries in America" Miss Margaret
Evans; Little Boy Blue Mrs. J. G.
Bonnell; piano solo, Miss Elsie Wise;
American Forestry" Mrs. Jed Riss-
rer; vocal duett, Mrs. Earl Schick and
Miss Margaret An old-fashioned
spelling Town, conducted by Mrs
Lloyd Schrantz was next on the pro-
gram. The ladies proved TO be pretty
good spoilers. Miss Pearl Coleman
won first prize, and Mrs. Milton
Young, the booby. The following
guests were present: Mrs. George
Berkey, of Elkhart, Ind, and Miss
Emily Shook, of Akron.
The New Berlin Post G. A. r. of
New Berlin, Ield public installation
tion on Tuesday evening. The follow
ing officers were installed: Command
er, John B. Acker; senior vice COM
mander, Henry G. Holl; junior vice
commander, Michael Bitter; quarter
master, Samuel Schrantz; chaplain,
Aaron Warstler; officer of day, Frank
| Schiltz; officer Of guard, w. F. Clous-
er; sergeant, John J. Shook; adjutant.
Frank ]. Young. ]. j. Zaizer, of Canton
| took charge of the installation cere-
monies Short addresses were made by
]. j. Clark of Canton and L. Acker
of Akron. A fine lunch was served
! by the ladies. after which social
time was had About rs members of
the Canton posts of G. A. r. and w.
r. C. were present. They returned on
a late car.
Malvern, o., Jan. 14.-Miss Mary Ed
wards of Toronto Is a guest at the
home OF John B. Myers on Reed ave
nue.,
Miss Mary .Roudebush and Miss Del
1 Ia Enrtoan uioifad MaonoIia raIa ffuas
The Stark County Democrat. [volume] (Canton, Ohio) 1833-1912, 1905-01-17

THE NEws-DEMocRAT PUB. co,
Canton, Ohio.
The Stark County Democrat. [volume] (Canton, Ohio) 1833-1912, 1905-01-17

semi-weekly per year by mail. .si.os
The Stark County Democrat. [volume] (Canton, Ohio) 1833-1912, 1905-01-17

Malvern, o., Jan. 14.-Miss Mary Ed
wards of Toronto Is guest at the
home OF John B. Myers on Reed ave
nue.,
Miss Mary Roudebush and Miss Del
la Forman visited Magnolia relatives
The Stark County Democrat. [volume] (Canton, Ohio) 1833-1912, 1905-01-17

South Cairo. Jan. 14.-Born to Mr..
and Mrs. M. Moladore, a daughter on
News Years day
Grandma Caseley died Monday at
the home of her daughter, Mrs. Eman-
uel Miller. She was in her S0th year.
Her death occurred on Monday and she
was buried at Zion cemetery.
Rev. H. j. Rohrbaugh will commence
a series of meetings at Cairo on Sun
day night; Rev. w. w. Foust on Mon
day and Tuesday nights; on Wednes-
day night Rev. |. w. Hendrick; Thurs
day night, the pastor will preach; on
Friday night Rev. Nau will preach in
German and on Sunday will be commu.
Mon at 10 a. m.
Prof Kennedy of Tinin, dined with
Rufus Brouse Sunday.
j. w. Oberlin has bought the Adam
Barnes farm of rs acres at ladminis-
traitors sale. He paid $61.50 per-acre
U. j. Darr of Massillon, spent part
of last week with A. r. Eversole.
Willie and Myrtle Eversole spent
last Saturday and Sunday with James
Muckley at Aultman Station.
Battlesburg, Jan. 14.--Revival ser.
vices are still in progress at Asbury,
j. l.. Heron, pastor.
Daniel Shroyer and family of Min
eral City visited with friends over Sun
day.
John Barnes and wife visited ]. j.
Shroyer Sunday.
Mrs. A. W. Youtzey is visiting
! friends in Canton.
Mrs. George Slutz is able to be
around again.
Two sled loads of merrymakers from
Massllon and Canton visited at the
home of Lewis Sheatzley's Tuesday
evening.
The Slutz brothers will start another
sawmiII next week.
S. o. Exline Is busy cutting cord
, wood in Emory Newhouse's woods.
| Virginia Corners, (Atwater,) Jan
l14.--Charles Blery spent few hours
Sunday with his brother, Chet, near
Fairmount
Albert Conrad Of Akron has been the
The Stark County Democrat. [volume] (Canton, Ohio) 1833-1912, 1905-01-17

Virginia Corners, (Atwater) Jan
14.--Charles Blery spent few hour
Sunday with his brother. Chet nea
Fairmount
Albert Conrad Of Akron has been tn
The Dolores star., 1905-06-09
Death Of George II. Graham.

Denver, June George H. Graham,
one of the best known politicians in
Denver, former sheriff of the county,
and one who figured prominently in all
of the Colorado campaigns that have
gone into history, died at his residence
1909 Eleventh street, at $3.50 O'Clock
last night, from neuralgia Of the heart.
His death was sudden. He. went to his
Office in the morning but returned
home in an hour or SO not feeling well.
Soon after 6 O'Clock at night he fell
into stupor from which he never re-
covered. When his physician arrived
he was breathing his last.
Mr.. Graham was born in Niagara,
Canada, in 1849, and was therefore fif-
ty-six years Of age. His parents moved
across from this country shortly be-
fore his birth, and he always claimed
to be an American out-and-out. His
youth was spent in Rochester, New
York. Before he had attained his ma
jority he reached Illinois on his way
west and lived several years in that
state. He came to Colorado in 1863,
and Immediately took an active part In
political affairs.
In business Mr.. Graham Joined with
Mortimer Wheeler in 1876 and they
opened meat store on Larimer street.
mr. Graham was also associated with
A. H. Weber in the meat and furniture
businesses.
The Dolores star., 1905-06-09
Crystal Palaces for All.

II Germany Is right-and several
umes In the last thousands of years Il
mas been right-we shall all eventually
De living in what Boston calls crystal
edlhces. and consequently must care
'Iully refrain from the projection OF
promiscuous geological fragments.
Glass has been found to be a cheaper
ana lighter building material than
brick. Why not? 1t is made of sand.
Which Is rather more universal and
abundant than brick clay. Suitable
sand is found all over the United
States, and the American sand is said
70 be better for the purpose than that
found in Europe. As q structural ma
terial. glass has the advantage over
brick, that 1t can be made In any de-
Zee OF transparency. 1t will admit
Hight 10 see by. and yet can be SO
treated that 1t will not reveal the pro-
ceedings Of those who are behind II.
II all the nat houses and tenement
houses Of this city were made OF glass
u would at least be possible for land
lords and agents to advertise truth
fuliy all light rooms" And yet such
privacy as Is possible In any nat would
not be interfered with. for the struc-
tural material could be sufnciently
ciouded to obstruct the direct vision.
Moreover, the adage about throwing
stones would not apply. for structural
glass is as tough as . brick. II not
tougher. Streets at Grenoble, France,
have been paved with bricks" OF pure
crystal glass. and our consul at that
point declares them to be. success.
The Dolores star., 1905-06-09
eermany's Future Empress.

Berlin, June 4.-The business Of the
government paused and million or SO
,of persons took half holiday yester-
! day to welcome an eighteen-year-old
girl who some time most probably will
be German empress. Her way was
lrose-strewn, choirs of children sang
her greetings. the old guilds with the
emblems of their trades lined the
route, artillery sounded DULY in an i'm
mensity of cheering, while at the end
;of her progress through the people the
imperial family and all the great per-
sonages of state joined with the EN-
lperor and the crown prince, Frederick
William, in receiving her at the palace.
The day was brilliant and the whole
spectacle effectively staged.
Tie Duchess Cecilia of Me cklenburg-
Schwerin, who in her full title is also
princess of the Wends, arrived from
:Schwerin at noon with her mother, the
Grand Duchess Anastasia; her brother,
Frederick Francis, reigning grand duke
of Mecklenburg-Schwe mis- wife
and numerous following.
The Dolores star., 1905-06-09
Presidents Offer Welcomed.

st. Petersburg, June 5.-President
iRoosevelt's tender OF his good Offices
to bring about peace is received with
general favor in the press and by the
public, and a desire that some steps
should be taken toward securing an
honorable peace is increasingly mani
fest.
The Russ declares that the Presi-
dents offer should be commended as
an act Of friendship tending to bring
out Japan's terms of peace and Rus
lsia's acceptance Of an offer which
would not mean surrender on humiliat-
ing terms. The paper maintains at the
same time that negotiations, If begun,
must be direct and that there must be
no Intervention by other powers.
The Bourse Gazette says that Russia
must make the best possible use of the
friendly offices of the United States
and Great Britain. This paper, as well
las the Syno Tschesva and the Nasha-
izhism and others, advance the idea
that Japan will be disposed to grant
better terms to the Russians than to
the bureaucrats who began the war.
These paper reiterate the demand for
a zemsky sober to settle the question.
Even the Grashdanin declares per-
lemtorily for peace, the Novoa Vremya
alone dissenting to the general chorus
by saying that peace is not so essen
ltial as foreign and international ene-
mics" imagine, and picturing Great
Britain, the United States and the con-
,tinental powers as beginning to trem-
BILE in face of 'the yellow danger"
The Dolores star., 1905-06-09
How the Japanese Fought.

Toxic, June 5.-A dispatch from
Maizuru says that the Japanese battle
ship Asahi was largely engaged with
the Russian battleship Borodino. At
ter the Borodino took fire and was
sinking, the Asahi suspended firing.
but the Borodino continued to fire.
Practically her last shot struck the
Asahi astern on her starboard side,
killing Lieutenant Morishita and seven
other men. Morishita's leg was shot
on, but using his sword as crutch, he
managed to reach the deck. where he
died. A dying sailor asked for paper
on which to write a farewell message
to the japanese navy. He wrote:
"Banzai, die a glorious death"
The Dolores star., 1905-06-09
Though. She Couldn't Live.

Moravia, N. Y, June 5.-Mr. Benja.
MIN Wilson, highly respected resident
o. this place. came very near losing
his wife and now that she Is cured and
restored to good health his gratitude
Knows no bounds. He says:
My wife has suffered everything
With Sugar Diabetes. She has been
sick four years. She doctored with
two good doctors but kept growing
worse. The doctors said she could
not live. She failed from 200 pounds
down to 100 pounds. This was her
weight when she began to use Dodds
Kidney Pills. and now she weighs 1870,
10 well and feeling stronger every
day.
"She used to have rheumatism SO
bad that It would raise great bumps
all over her body and this Is all gone
too.
"Dodd's Kidney Pills are God.send
to those who suffer as my wife did.
They are all that saved her. We can't
praise them enough"
The Dolores star., 1905-06-09

Every housekeeper should know
that II they will buy Defiance Cold
Water Starch for laundry use they
will save not only time. because 1t
never sticks to the iron. but because
each package contains 16 Ozone full
pound-while all other Cold Water
Starches are put up in Y pound pack
ages. and the price Is the same. 10
cents. Then again because Defiance
Starch II free from all Injurious chem
icals. II your grocer tries to sell you
. 12-oz. package It is because he has
stock on hand which he wishes to
dispose Of before he puts in Defiance.
He knows that Defiance Starch has
printed on every package in large let
ters and figures "16 ozs." Demand De-
fiance and save much time and money
and the annoyance Of the iron stick
ing. Defiance never sticks
The Dolores star., 1905-06-09
FEED YOU MONEY.
Feed Your Brain, and II viii Feed
You Money and Fame.

Feeo TOUT 6rain, ana u Will Feed
You Money and Fame.
Ever since boyhood l have been
especially fond of meats, and I am
convinced ate too rapidly, and failed
to masticate my food properly.
THE result was that found my
self, few years ago. afflicted with
ailments Of the stomach and kidneys,
which interfered seriously with my
business.
"At last took the advice OF friends
and began to eat Grape-Nuts instead
OF the heavy meats, etc.. that had con.
stituted my former diet.
Il found that was at once benefited
by the change, that was soon reliev-
ed from the heartburn and the indi-
gestion that used to follow my meals,
that the pains in my back from my
kidney affection had ceased, showing
that those organs had been healed, and
that my nerves, which used to be un-
steady, and my brain, which was slow
and lethargic from heavy diet of
meats and greasy foods. had. not in a
moment, but gradually, and none the
less surely. been restored to normal
efficiency. Now every nerve is steady
and my brain and thinking faculties
are quicker and more acute than for
years past.
After my old style breakfasts
used to suffer during the forenoon
from feeling OF weakness which hin.
dered me seriously in my work, but
since have begun to use Grape-Nuts
food can work ffl1 S3turar ts-n -txh
all ease and comfort" Name given by
Postum Co.. Battle Greek. Mich.
There's . reason.
Read the little book. "The Road to
Wellvills." in each pkg.
The Dolores star., 1905-06-09
REFUGE At MANILA
THREE RUSSIAN SHIPS IN PORT
Safe Under the Stars and Stripes
Will Probably Be Dlsarmed and
Remain Until War 10 Ended.

shSsssSsss Ssssss y. - -
Manila, June 4.-Rear Admiral En-
quist, who was commander Of the
heavy cruiser squadron of the Russian
feet, arrived in the bay at 9o'clock
yesterday morning on board his nag
ship. the protected cruiser Aurora, &C
companied by the protected cruisers
Oleg and Jemtchug.
All the vessels were more or less
wounded men on board. Rear Admi-
raj Train, ON board his flagship, the
battleship Ohio. with the Wisconsin,
Oregon. Raleigh and Cincinnati, was
outside Corregidor island maneuvering
when the Aurora saluted with thirteen
guns and the Ohio answered.
Admiral Train and his squadron &C
companied the Russian vessels to Ma
nila.
In an interview Rear Admiral En-
quist's executive oficer said:
When the battle began the admiral
was aboard the cruiser Oleg. which
was hit q number of times by the
large shot. There was an incessant
rain fshot from quick-firing guns and
the ship was soon badly damaged.
"The admiral transferred his flag to
the Aurora, which then drew the COM
bined fire Of many torpedo boats de-
istroyers at close range and the attack
of submarines. We were overwhelmed
lby the latter. A mist arising. we made
n dash for the open sea and were fol-
lowed by the Oleg and Jemtchug."
Read Admiral EnQuist Is uninjured.
Captain Egorin of the Aurora was
killed by a shell which struck the con-
ming tower. and he was buried at sea
the day before reaching Manila.
, On the Aurora three officers were
wounded, twenty of the crew were
killed and eighty-three were wounded.
+: The losses ON the Oleg were thirteen
of the crew killed and eighteen
wounded.
On the Jemtchug the casualties were
itwenty-one Junior officers killed and
lone wounded twelve Of the crew killed
and thirty wounded.
( From the appearance Of the vessels.
they are not damaged below the wa
tier line. The tunnels, however, are
iriddled by large and small shot. Sew
eral large shells pierced them amid
ships and a number Of guns were dis
mounted.
All the Russian officers interviewed
claim that a large number Of subma-
rines caused confusion and defeat.
! Rear Admiral EnQuist has cabled his
arrival to the Emperor of Russia. The
battleship Ohio and cruiser Cincinnati
are guarding the Russian ships. No Of
fetal action as to their disposition has
yet been taken.
The Dolores star., 1905-06-09

Doan's Kidney Pills act very effective
ly. very promptly. relieve the aching
pains and all other annoying dinicul-
ties"
Foster-Milburn Co., Buffalo, N. Y.
For sale by all druggists. Price so
cents per box.
The Dolores star., 1905-06-09
Railroad speed Record Broken.

Chicago, June 6.-The Pennsylvania
road broke all records for fast travel
ing between New York and Chicago
yesterday, by making the run Of S97
miles in seventeen hours f3at.
This feat was accomplished by two
special trains, one running from New
York to Pittsburg in eight hours and
nifty minutes and the other making the
trip from Pittsburg to Chicago In eight
hours and ten minutes.
The Dolores star., 1905-06-09

great moutA deprcmSo0 / wns unable TO -
tend 10 my houss work and life became bur.
den to ma Iwas confined for days TO my bsd,
g ses s..2 TO ,SnE sna or
and in my distrcss tried every refneliy which
i thought would be Of any use to nse, and
reading OF the value OF Lydia T. Pinkham's
Vegetable Compound TO sick women decidsd
10 give IL trial. I felt 70 discouraged that
bad httls hope Of recovery, and when began
10 feel better, after The second week, thought
IL only meant temporary relief; but 10 my
great surprise found that kept gaining,
while the tumor lessensd In siso
''Ths Compound continued 70 haiId up my
general health and the tumor seemed TO be
absorbed, until, IN seven months. The tumor
va. entirely Eons and = well . woman. am
TO publish my lettsr in newspapers. 70 other
women may know OF the wonderful curative
powers Of Lydia Il. Pinkhams Vegetable
Compound"
When women are troubled with irreg.
ular or painful lmenstruation, Weakness,
leucorrhea. displacemento or liberation
of the womb, that bearing down feel
ing. Inflammation of the ovaries. back
ache, flatulence, general debility, indi-
gestion and nervous prostration. they
should remember there is one tried and
true remedy. Lydia + Pinkham's Veg.
etable Compound at once removes such
trouble.
No other medicine in the world has
received such widespread and unquali-
fed endorsement No other medicine
has such record of cures of female
troubles. Refuse to buy any other
medicine.
Mrs. Pinkham invites all sick women
TO write her for advice. She has guided
thousands TO health. Address, Lynn.
Mass.
Health In too valuable to risk in ex-
periments with unknown and untried
medicines or methods of treatment.
Remember that tits Lydia e. Pinkham's
Vegetable Compound that is curing
women, and don't allow any druggist
to sell you anything else In It's place.
The Dolores star., 1905-06-09

AcVh yCAiS ouhctCo
with terrible pain In
my back. ! did not
know what II was to
enjoy q night's rest
and arose In the
morning feeling tired
and unrefreshed. My
suffering sometimes
was simply inde-
scribable. When 1
finished the first box
of Doan's Kidney
Pills I felt like .
different woman. l
continued until l had
taken Ave boxes.
The Dolores star., 1905-06-09
TEA

It is a most mild delight;
but it is a delight-good
tea, fine tea.
The Dolores star., 1905-06-09

We s9sf Ons Hundred Doliars Reward for aay
Catarrh Cure.
-. CHENEY = CO., Toledo. o.
We. the undersigned, have known 2. ]. Cheney
for the last IS years and believe him perfectly hon
orable In all business transactions and financially
abis 70 carry out any obligations made by his Arm.
wALptNo, k;NxAN MAHvfN,
Wholesale Druggists, Toledo, q.
Hairs Catarrh Cure 10 taken internally, -ctinG
directly upon the blood and mucodA surfaces OF the
system. Testimonials sent free. Price 70 csnts ~
bottle. Sold by ail Druggsts.
Taks Halrs Family Pills for constpastoA.
The Dolores star., 1905-06-09
viii inspect Russian Cruisers.

Manila, June 4.-Rear Admiral Train
has appointed the following board to
investigate the condition of the Rus
isian warships, which arrived here yes
terday, and which are said to be in un-
seaworthy condition: Commander Cal
kins. Lieut.. Commander McElroy and
tie Ohio's carpenter. Harding.
The Dolores star., 1905-06-09
Denver Restaurant. sIandered.

A German professor announces that
light radiates from raw potatoes and
hard-boiled eggs. No wonder Denver is
laying claim to the title. "The City OF
Light" Did you ever tackle Denver
restaurant during the Festival of
Mountain and Plain ?"-Leadville Her
aid Democrat.
The Dolores star., 1905-06-09

We export millions on
millions Of wheat and pork.
and take in exchange a few
cargoes Of tea, Are we
losers?
The Dolores star., 1905-06-09
To Launder Delicate muslins.

Many muslin dresses may be sue
cessfully laundered at home. which. II
put in the ordinary wash, would be
hopelessly ruined. Wash quickly
through warm Ivory Soap suds; rinse
dip in rice water, and dry indoors. as
the air will frequently fade delicate
colors. Iron with a moderately hot
lr0n.-Eleanor r. Parker.
The Dolores star., 1905-06-09

gets the last word" Not so safe: h,
Invariably gets the last word. but h'
never says it"
The Dolores star., 1905-06-09

"lts curious" said Uncle Eben, ito
hear tell bout how many geniuses has
been allowed to starve, an how many
lazy folks manages to git a liyin' by
pretendin' to be geniuses."
The Dolores star., 1905-06-09

A girl can change . name she docsn'
like whenever she pleases. but a man 1.
stuck to his hard and fast.