The Delta independent., 1905-06-23
APPLE scAB AND CEDAR Rust
By Z. 4. EAefssa, Agricultural Experineat
Nsaisa. uacsla. Neb.

Neetea, ueeeta, Neb.
The Nebraska Agricultural Expert
ment Station has just issued bulletin
No. 81, entitled "Apple Scab and Cedar
Rust The bulletin gives the results
of experiments which show that these
diseases of the apple can be controlled
readily by spraying. Directions are
given foo the preparation and applica-
tion Of the necessary spraying mixtures.
The bulletin will be sent free of cost.
The following is the summary of the
bulletin:
Apple scab and cedar rust have been
especially destructive during the past
three years. Although experiments in
other states have shown that apple
scab can be controlled by spraying.
Nebraska fruit growers have not al
ways been successful in their attempts
to control it. Cedar rust is so injurious
to certain kinds Of apples that fruit
growers are recommending the des-
truction of cedar trees, on which one
stage Of the fungus causing the disease
is found.
Some varieties Of the apple are very
susceptible to the scsb, as for instance.
wines.p, Mammoth Black Twig. Sher-
in. Rails Genet, Virginia Beauty. Red
June and Northern Spy. while Red As
trachan, Windsor. Jonathan. Ingram;
York Imperial. Ben Davis, Gano. North
western, Missouri Pippin, Iowa Blush
and Grimes Golden are fairly resistant
to the disease. and Oldcnburg. Whitney
Wealthy, Salome and Patton Greening
are practically free from it. Cedar
Rust Injuries seriously sach varieties as
Red June, Wealthy. Whitney, Iowa
Blush. Jonathan. Missouri Pippin and
the Prairie Crab and its relatives. while
it does not appreciably harm Cooper
Early. Eldenburg, Early HarveAt,
Sweet June. Yellow Transparent. Red
Astrachan, Maiden Blush. Ben Davis.
Gano. Winesap. Mammouth Black Twig.
Rails Genet, Northwestern, York I'm
pcrial and Grimes Golden.
Removing Cedar trees from the vi
cinity Of the orchard or destroying the
brown knots or cedar apples" on their
twigs, is an excellent way to control
cedar rust on apples. but in many cases
this method cannot be employed and
spraying must be resorted to. In
spraying tests conducted at the expert
ment station the average number of
rust spots in 100 leaves of Wealthy and
Jonathan apples was 1873 for spraying
trees rs against only 10 for trees spray
ed at the proper times. The time to
spray was found to be when the brown
knots on the cedar trees begin to en-
large, and become. gelatinous and
orange-colored. The application, should
be repeated in couple of weeks The
first of these spravings, which last year
came in early May, was the more i'm
portant of the two. Spraying at other
times did no good.
In the spaying tests against scab
with Winesap, Maiden Blush, Sweet
June, Jonathan and Rails Jenet trees,
the average per cent of scabby fruit
was seventy for unsprayed trees and
only six for trees sprayed at the proper
times. The right times to spray are
just before the apple blossoms open
and again soon after the blossoms fall.
l. ,st season the latter Of the two spray
ings, coming between the middle and
las. of May, gave the better results.
Spraying at other times gave no results
of value.
Bordeaux mixture Is the spray used
against both scab and rust. It is made
Of quicklime 4 pounds, copper sulphate
4 pounds. and water 80 gallons. 1t is
important that the lime be allowed to
cool after being Stacked. and that both
the lime and the copper sulphate be
diluted before the two are mixed.
Bordeaux mixture should be used while