davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Valentine Democrat. (Valentine, Neb.) 1900-1930, 1905-01-19

positive stand in eliminating con-
sideration of expense in the Hans
case of this county, it might he
we'll for the people of O'Neill to
realize that it is not in order to
lcgslige wrong on account of ex-
pense. Is it possible that it makes
q difference whose OK is gored?-
Ainsworth Star-Journal.
If the Star-Journal continues to
to harp about the expense of the
Hans murder trial the people are
likely to suspicion that the Star
journal is more than pecuniarly
interested and that the paper would
rather see Hans dismissed than
prosecuted. 1t doesn't look the
best for the owners of that paper
to be in favor of compromising a
murder case and to speak of it the
same manner as of bank failure.
We do not think, nor does anyone
else, that the proprietors of the
Star-Journal consider q bank fail
ure az serious Z crime as the MUIR
der of a citizen and fellowman,
hence it is out of place to suggest
that it makes a difference whose
OK is gored." If Judge Harring-
ton did anything else in this case
other than his duty and if he
should show any disposition to free
a man guilty of murder, the peo-
pie of his district would not look
upon it as lightly as the Star
Journal appears to do in suggest
ing it. They would realize that
their own lives were not safe with
such a man on the bench as the
Star-Journal would have for the
case of Hans as appears from the
article above quoted from that pa
per. If Hans is made a free man
by second trial, the people of
this district will not forget the in
fuences that have been exerted in
his behalf nor the part the Star
Journal has played. Whether
that be honorable or dishonorable
we ask of the people to Judge &C.
cording to their convictions. 1t
is at least plain to all who are
familiar with the facts in the case
that Fred NJ. Hans, who shot DAY.
id Luse when the two were alone
in Luse's house, prearranged by
Hans, is dangerous man to be at
large and if he is permitted to go
free after committing this crime,
then no man is safe who has his
enmity as long as Hans is at large.
Hans was convicted once and sem
fenced to the penitentiary. Why
does not the Star-Journal condemn
the supreme court for granting
him a new trial or Hans attorney
for pleading his case if it is the
enormous expense feared, instead |
of making these desperate jabs at |
Judge Harrington!
Valentine Democrat. (Valentine, Neb.) 1900-1930, 1905-01-19

The O'Neill papers state the de-
positors of the failed Elkhorn VAL
ley Bank are almost unanimously
in favor of accepting a proposition
to settle with the officials at so
much on the dollar rather than to
50 into expensive litigation. Since
this is the home town of Judge
Harrington WHO bss tsHp svra .
Valentine Democrat. (Valentine, Neb.) 1900-1930, 1905-01-19

along for some time unpaid and
then orders it discontinued; or or
ders the postmaster to mark it
refused" and have postal card
sent notifying the publisher, leaves
himself liable to arrest and fine
the same as for theft. THE Set
tier.
Valentine Democrat. (Valentine, Neb.) 1900-1930, 1905-01-19
TERMS

subscsipsson- 90 per year IN ADVANCE 81 50
Nnsn not paid In advance, Single copies SC.
Display sdvertisisg-l inch single column lbc
~ Issue Or g 80 q year.
Local Notices, Obituaries. Lodge Resolution
I'D SOciaIs for l'evenue &c peF line per Issue.
Brands, ~ i! hes-el. 90 per year in advance
ahdIuoaal space s.-so per inch per year engraved
blocks eItss: Loo each.
Parties living outside Cherry county not per
senauy known arc requested to pay IN advance
le pr cent additional to above rates II overs
months II arrears.
Notices OF losses of stock free to brand adver.
sisses.
Valentine Democrat. (Valentine, Neb.) 1900-1930, 1905-01-19
PORCUP1NE.

STRAYED from Stinard's ranch
two miles east of Fort Niobrara,
one COW or heifer branded X on
left hip. Reasonable reward for
recovery. K. A. McQUADE,
VAe9tine, Neb
Omaha daily bee., 1905-07-30

there are ffty-two plantations, OF which
six belong 70 Americans one OF the Ameri-
can companies annually produces 5000
bags, another 5000. and another i25,O00
bags. Matanzns has some Of the best sugar
territory. but its lands have been worked
for generations and may be surpassed by
the new estates now being cut out Of the
woods. The total output Of these provinces
win be in the neighborhood OF 100000
bags. or in round numbers. something like
9O00O0.OCO pounds Of sugar
Santa Clara province, which lies east OF
Matanzas, has seventy plantations, Of
which seventeen are American. three Brit
ish, eighteen Spanish and thirty-two Gu
ban Most Of these plantations are very
large, and some of the largest belong 10
Americans The Emilio Terry plantation.
which is Cuban-American, viii produce no.
900 bags this year. The Colonial Sugar COM
pany will produce 1T5OO0 bags. and there
are several other American estates which
will yield from $4,000 to 10000 bags each.
In the eastern end of the island there are
other American plantations and along the
northern coasts are the Boston Central es-
tate. belonging to the United Fruit COM
pany, which will have an output of 10000
bags and the Chaparra estate. which viii
turn out 10000 bags.
In the central province of Puerto Prih-
cpe there are only four sugar plantations
now opened, but one Of these belongs to
an American, and II will produce all told
about 27.OO0,OO0 pounds of sugar this year.
There are altogether more than S25,O0O0OO
of American money invested in sugar mills
and working cane lands In Cuba, and this
is today probably yielding a bigger profit
than any American money abroad.
Omaha daily bee., 1905-07-30

Tho electrical float off today Is practically
constructed in the minds eye OF the dc
sivner before the workmen erect the, Vis-
lille object, In his drawing room at the
den Mr.. RenEe may work for days over
design 70 set the electrical features down
% nicely. for every detail OF the float
must he constructed so that the hundreds
Of clear and eolored electric lights viii bring
out the desired erect and the best possible
eject Light and color effects bring out
the beauty of the float and q little too
much hight here or a little too much color
there may mar some little detail. Nine
years OF experience has taught the Omaha
designer OF electrical noats just what a
certain combination OF material color and
lights vii produce. So many lights will
bring out the efteet OF an interior scene, an
Indian on horseback. a buffalo. a fairy
scene or what ever II may be. Every ut
tie consideration. such as color, size or po-
sition OF the object 10 be illuminated must
be carefully considered TO make the entire
effect perfect harmony OF color and light.
The visitor to the den today might see a
Omaha daily bee., 1905-07-30

men and cut down the trees. couple Of
months later the ground was burned over
and the cane IS now growing among the
stumps and logs left from the fire. BY the
time it is ready for cutting the mill viii
have been completed and the cane will be
carried on little plantation railroads direct
from the fields 1t is the intention to put
In about 5000 acres of cane for this mill
alone. '&'t-- " -- -... - 80"
Similar mills will be built at other places
along the road, and one especially Is soon
to be constructed to supply. the sugar es-
tates Of a Michigan syndicate which has
bought large tract Of land a short dis
tance from Camaguey along the line of the
railroad. t' .. sf.g.
AS it is now. not half the lands fitted for
sugar have been reduced to cultivation, and
II has been estimated that the sugar product
of Cuba might be quadrupled and not use
all the available sugar lands t-s
Omaha daily bee., 1905-07-30
Genesis OF the idea.


When the Ak-Sar-Ben board OF governors
in 1896 decided to put on two night parades
in addition to the afternoon parade some
Of the knights got their heads together to
think up a new idea. Mr.. RENEE, who Is
stlll in charge of the designing and con-
struction OF the floats at the den, was In
consultation one day with Thomas A. Fry,
then president OF the board, and between
the two the idea of using incandescent cleo
trlc lamps on some of the floats suggested
itself. The idea was quickly accepted by
the board and Mr. RENEE was given carte
blanche to go ahead and equip eight of the
floats along lines he thought best An elec-
tr.cal engineer by the name OF Thurby,
who had had considerable experience in
electrical work at the Chicago exposition
was consulted and he offered to At out one
fioat for $500. This proposition was rejected
as exorbltant. Then Mr.. Renee got his wits
and STAFF Of men around him, looked into
the Ak-Sar-Ben treasury, which had about
1850 left, and set about the task of fitting
IN eight floats with electrical illuminations
That year City Electrician Schurig in
spected the wiring OF the floats.
These eight floats, though crude affairs
when compared with the artistic and mag
nncent creations wrought at the den in
more recent years. marked the beginning of
a new era in the world OF night parades.
And to the use OF electricity is due tho
progress made in this direction. When the
floats were wheeled back TO the den on
that eventful evening In the fall of 1869,
Mr Renze began to more fully realize that
new field, In which electricity would be
the most potent factor had been opened
up. He began to see a few OF the many
possibilities before him in the new limo OF
work and each year has worked out those
possibilities with the end. apparently not
yet IN sight
Omaha daily bee., 1905-07-30
Omnhn .1dcn snrenh.


That it remained for Omaha and Omaha
men to conceive the idea OF the electrical
hoat is the source Of much local pride.
This class Of float as used in the Ak-sar-
Ben parades has a national reputation.
Milwaukee adopted the idea two years
after Omaha did and since then number
OF the larger cities have taken up the
conception In varied forms and with va
ried success In some cities the electric
lights are merely, placed on; the floats for
Illuminating purposes, without much
thought for the artistic and color effects
few years aSo a eommittee from st
Louis visited the den for the express pur-
pose Of seeing how electricity is employed
In the floats, II Is gepcralIy conceded by
mon who have occasion 10 visit many parts
OF the country that the electrical features
OF tho Omaha floats are unexcelled any
where.
All the electrical work OF the floats Is
done at the den. There Is a complete
electrical department In Ak-sar- Ben's
royal workshop and a competent stan OF
electricians work under the direction Of
Superintendent RenEs
Omaha daily bee., 1905-07-30
Improvement Comes Fast.

Putting the electrical floats on in 1895
was as an experiment. There were seem
ingly so many obstacles TO be overcome
that not a few were inclined to think the
idea OF Illuminating the floats by means of
the trolle" and overhead wiro would not
be lasUng one. Some electricians said
the Jar OF the wagons on which the floats
were at that time built would be such as
20 mar the desired effects. The first year
the floats were run un ordinary iron wheels
without fanges to hold the rails
The next year the electrical idea was
taken up seriously, with the result that
eighteen illuminated floats were built with
considerable improvement over the year be-
fore
Omaha daily bee., 1905-07-30


Cuba has produced eleven or twelve hum
drcd thousand tons OF sugar this year. This
is about one-tenth of the worlds total
sugar product. and fully one-fourth OF tho
cane sugar product. Beet sugar leads the
cane sugar in quantity by more than 1,0Oo,-
600 tons. The worlds product from beets
amounts altogether to 100000 or 900
tons, whereas the cane sugar crop is usu-
ally not more than 1000 0C0 tons. Most OF
our beet sugar comes from Europe, the
United States producing only about 10000
tons.
The great cane sugar countries are Cuba
and Java and the Sandwich Islands. Sew
eral hundred thousand tons of cane sugar
are raised in Louisiana, 5000 tons in Porto
Rico and $1,000 tons in the Philippine
islands. Including our beet product, we
raise altogether just about 100000 tons
of sugar, which is less than two-ffths OF
what we consume, the balance being inn
ported.
The United States has, In fact, a sweeter
tooth than any other nation except Eng
land. We eat on the average more than
seventy pounds a year for every man.,
woman and child In the country, while Eu-
rope averages only a little more than TWEEN.
ty-seven pounds. The English sugaF cpn-
sumption is ninety-one pounds per capita.
That of the Swiss is sixty pounds, of the
Danes ffty-four and OF all other nations
much less. The Germans each eat thirty
four pounds of sugar every year. the Dutch
thirty-two, the Greeks and Bulgarlans
seven, and the Turks. although notably
fond OF candy, only eight pounds. We eat
altogether about 5000 100000 pounds OF sugar
annually, or a pound and a half per week
for every man, woman and child In the
country. We consume three times as much
now per capita as we did when Andrew
Jackson was president, and we are eating
more and more from year to year.
FRANK G. CARPENTER.
Omaha daily bee., 1905-07-30
Everything is Tested.


complete testing outfit is used at the
den, so that all lamps and wiring are tried
before the floats leave the den. Even with
the use OF the testing department it is inn
possible to tell before the float appears on
the streets on the night OF the parade Just
what the general effect will be- and for
that reason does experience become vaIu-
able TO the designer OF the electrical float.
In this connection Mr.. RENEE said the other
AFTERNOONS: I'VE have had to watch care
fully from year to year wherein improve
ments might be made and we have tried
from year TO year to incorporate the best
OF each succeeding year and eliminate the
undesirable. We must know Just what
light is needed to bring out the decora tive
and color effects and we are stlll learning
something every day The field is a large
one and yet contains some unexplored re-
gions." -.
Electricity has made it possible to bring
out the decorative art by artificial light in
manner that has placed electrical float
building In the class OF fine arts. The
magic fluid Ben Franklin brought down
from the clouds by the means OF his Kite
has when circulated through the line OF
Ait-sar-Pen floats each fall. been the
means OF delighting and entertaining thou-
sands OF people who have come from all
parts OF the country to view King Ak-sar-
Bon's mighty pageant. Out OF Ak-sar- -Beri's
great wonder box rolls yearly the twenty
floats. the artisans handlwork. that needs
but the electric fash to food It with n
world Of Hight and color; that needs but
ihe vital spark to reveal fairy world that
entrances the waiting throngs, After a
rev short hours the current IS shut or
tne creations OF wood, paper, paints and
~other substapces OF the earth 90 hack 70
darkness in the den and all Is night apatn
for the floats.
Omaha daily bee., 1905-07-30
what Il Cost. to Raise sugar.

Cuba can produce sugar cheaper than any
other country. The plantation at Jatebo-
nico. which referred. to, will continue to
produce cane for fifteen or twenty years
without replanting. There are plantations
here which have produced for twenty-five
years from one setting out, and it is said
that cane has grown forty and even more
years on the same ground, being cut on
year afetr year and sprouting up again
from the old stalks. No one thinks of re-
planting cane here for five, ten or fifteen
years after the plantation has been first
set out, and on this new ground all that is
needed is to plant and keep out the weeds,
Omaha daily bee., 1905-07-30
Sugar Plantations of Cuba Are Worth Many Millions OF Dollar

sary Is 20 keep down tho weeds. It sprouts
up in punches OF several stalks to a bunch.
The cane is ready for cutting In eighteen
months, after which Il can be cut every
year. 1t Is cut close 70 the ground. the
tops trimmed and the leaves stripped OF.
II Is then loaded on the great OK carts.
which carry II 20 the railroad on the best
plantations the carts and cars are loaded
and unloaded by machinery, steam cranes
being sometimes used for this purpose.
Good sugar lands will yield as much as
from twenty to thirty tons Of cane to the
acre, and a not uncommon yield Is two
tons OF sugar per acre. The harvesting
goes on through all the months from De-
cember to May, and the mills are usually
supposed to grind about 100 days to the
season.
Omaha daily bee., 1905-07-30
Cubn'a New Lands.

The sugar which we now get from Cuba
comes from old plantations, and the greater
part Of 1t is from Santa Clara, Matanzas
and Havana. The increase in the crop Of
the future will come from the eastern part
Of tho island, which has been opened up by
the Cuba railroad, built from Santa Clara
TO Santiago by Sir William Van Horne, and
running along Cuba's backbone. This coun-
try is now covered with forest. One rides
for miles through nothing but woods,
woods, woods but the woods cover land as
rich II not richer than any now devoted to
sugar and land which has the virtue Of
never having been farmed
In going over the road saw number OF
places where new sugar plantations were
being cut out of the woods The largest is
at Jatebonico. where something like 1900
acres have been cleared and planted in
cane and where sugar mill is now build
Ing. A few months ago this was nothing
but forest. The Cuba company put in its
Omaha daily bee., 1905-07-30

are a dollar a day or sic and upward
month, with house rent and sometimes with
q certain amount of food. On many of the
new plantations the men work at piecework
or by contract. A man will keep so many
acres clean at so much per month per acre
and they will be paid by the day for cut
ting cane or other work in addition. I
know of one plantation where the men
make $50 or $40 a month I'm this way, and
the plantation is one of the best kept on the
island.
Plantation stores.
Every one of these big sugar estates is a
little community of its own. 1t requires the
labor of from 1000 to 5000 men or more
This means two or three thousand families,
or a population all told of about 10000 souls
These people live about the mill or scat
tered in little settlements here and there
over the estate. Every plantation has one
or more stores. and, as rule, the workmen
are in debt to the stores. Advancements
are common. and there is scarcely man
who is not more or less behind
In talking with Mr.. H. Dumois who for
years was at the head of the United Fruit
company estate at Banes, he told me that
the plantation store profits there were
about 5000 per year. In such stores
the prices are as low as those in the neigh
boring towns. but the town stores require
cash, while at the company stores credits
are freely given; indeed, this plantation
store business is one of the important de-
partments on the sugar mans ledger. 1
know some men here who have several
plantations who have big incomes from
their stores alone. There is one old Span
Omaha daily bee., 1905-07-30

lard at Cienfuegos who owns a half dozen
plantations. He is one OF the richest men
on the island He buys his goods at whole
sale In large quantities and distributes
them to his various stores, where they arc
sold at a large profit These stores have
every variety of goods demanded by the
Cuban peasant-from face powder and rib
bons to gaudy millinery, and from ordinary
foodstuffs to fancy saddles, machetes, hard
ware, wines and. In short, everything that
you will find in country store Of the
United States
Omaha daily bee., 1905-07-30

and the crop, goes on for years without
other cultivation.
In many other countries the cane has to
be planted every third year. and I know Of
no place whore II will last long as In
this. have made some inquiries as to
what It costs to produce sugar in Cuba, and
the estimates are about a cent or cent
and quarter pound. Beet sugar costs
in most piaeesl2 or cents a pound, and
suchAsugar will have to be sold at sh' cents
a pound to; make a fair profit. Now, mas
much as there is more beet sugar in, the
world than cane sugar, this means that the
price must be fixed by the former, and that
Il cannot be less than the amount above
mentioned. At that rate Cuba can make
sugar and pay dividends on its plantations.
At the present prices II Is receiving more
than ever before. The crop for 1906 will be
worth $50, 100000 or 100000 more than ordi-
nary, and as "a consequence the sugar indus
try is booming and there is likely to be an
dverproductton. The chief trouble here is
the lack OF labor This year they have not
had enough men to harvest the CROP and in
some places IL has rotted on the ground.
Omaha daily bee., 1905-07-30

ATANzAs, July 27.-Cspecial Cor
AH respondeuce Of The Bee )-Come
4 IVA with me and take a peep into
|eEfs Uncle Sans sugar bowl. About
kesA half OF all our sugar comes from
TINS island We paid Cuba 100000 for
short sweetening last year. and we shall
pay more in 1905, as the prices are higher
Cuba produces about half OF all the cane
sugar made upon earth and Il has some
OF the biggest sugar plantations For the
past two weeks l have been travelling
through the interior and have had a chance
to get an idea OF this great industry.
Cuba has several hundred million dollars
invested in sugar plantations. II has in
the neighborhood Of 200 which are now
in active operation. and along the line of
the Cuba railroad the forests are being
cleared and cane set out About Nipe
bay, the new harbor at the northeastern
end Of the island. a syndicate Of Boston
capitalists has purchased more than a
hundred thousand acres OF land and is
about to build what 1 am told will be the
biggest sugar plantation ever constructed
II will cost in the neighborhood Of 81, COZ, 900
and II will have a capacity of about 5000
bags OF sugar per day. A bag OF sugar
weighs little more than 300 pounds II
will just about hll a barrel, so that 3.OOO
barrels will give you some idea OF this
mills capacity. There are at present a
number Of mills here that are turning out
1000 bags per day, and there are many
plantations worth S1,0O0000 and upward.
Indeed, big sugar estate, including it's
mill, lands and houses, is a S2,OOOO 900
proposition, and the modern sugar mill
alone as II is in Cuba costs from $500 coo
to tl,Ooo,0OO. The machinery of a mill that
will make 1000 bags a day will cost half
a million dollars, and the buildings, yards
and other things 100000 or 100000 more.
where the Sugar Cane Grows.
Sugar is now being grown in nearly
every province of Cuba. About half the
land cultivated is devoted to that crop,
and there are vast areas, which will yield
cane, yet to be set out. l have before me
list Of the working plantations. Begin
ming at the west is the province of Plnar
oel Rio, which is noted as having the best
tobacco lands upon earth and which pro-
duces the famed Havana cigars 1t has
, only seven sugar plantations and It will
make about 10000 bags Of sugar this year.
one OF its plantations belongs to Ameri-
cans, four are Cuban, one French and one
Spanish. In Havana there are twenty
plantations, chiefly owned by Cubans an 1
Spaniards, and in Matanzas, from where
this letter is dated, Just east OF Havana.