Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1905-04-30

| friends patiently also as It becomes neigh
| hors who do not seek a sudden solution.
And we will continue then task with
| the tranquility of those who injure no one
| and who do not mediate the injury of the
| interests of others, who having said this
before are not embarrassed to say it again
| to dissipate any misunderstanding, should
| any remain. 80
The Anglo French agree
nai ment is not entirely vain
| Disorder. futile instrument. Since
| 1880 France maintains in
| Morocco a military mission charged with
| the military instruction of the army of the
| sultan.
| recent cable announced that the forces
! of the sultan had been attacked by those of
| the pretendant at Oudjda on the Moroccan
| frontier. and that the Mayhem. in alarm.
| had requested the French military mission
| which 1t had fefgned to ignore of late. to
| aid in repelling the attack. The entrance
! upon the scene of the Moroccan artillery.
| commanded by two French officers put to
| night the insurgents, and crushed the re-
volt This incident may strengthen the
| hends 4 M. Taillandier at Fee.
! The Barbary states. consisting of Algiers
| Trnis Tripoli and Morocco. counted for
| much In our existence hundred years
| ago. Before the war of independence our
coonists carried considerable commerce to
| the Mediterranean protected by British YES
| sells of war. After the war of the revou-
ton this protection was withdrawn. and
the prey OF the merciless corsairs who
seized the cargoes and held for ransom or
| sold as slaves the hapiess Americans who
| manned the trading ships.
| Benz amin Franklin writing to Robert R.
| Livingston, secretary for foreign affairs,
| July %, 1873, said
| You will see by the inclosed copy OF a
| letter l received from Algfers the danger
| two of our ships escaped. l think 1t not
! improbable that these rovers may be pri-
| vately encouraged by the English to fall
| upon US and to prevent our interfering in
the carrying trade: for l have in London
heard 1t as maxim among the merchants:
that If there were no Algiers 1t would be
worth Englands while to build one. | Won
| der, however, that the rest of Europe does
| not combine to destroy those nests and Sc
cure commerce from their future piracies."
$50 The first treaty of peace
and friendship with Morocco
Interests. was executed by John Adams
at London and Thomas JEFF
| ferson at Paris, and signed January l and
%, 1877. President Washington appointed
| Admiral John Paul Jones to negotiate a
treaty with the Barbary states in 1892. with
Barclay as substitute. but both Jones and
Barclay died before their commissions
reached them. Joel Barlow was appointed
to succeed, and he it was who concluded
separate treaties with the Barbary states
during the years 1192-1I96.
The writer was an officer in the Egyptian
army 1S69-79. With other acquaintance
formed in Cairo in 1869 was an aged
Armenian gentleman. once distinguish
| ed engineer. He was retired by old age
and lived upon Souvenirs of a very
picturesque life. Hakkekyn Bey. though
mere boy, witnessed the splendid reception
accorded the American naval officers who
arrived in Cairo in 1904 in quest of Hamet
Caramelli, the fugitive dey of Tripou. Capt
| Eaton, formerly United States consul at
Tunis, but after May 20, 1904, the United
States naval agent for the Barbary states.
m NJ he ia1a tod Nv Cow
modore Barron to discover Hamet. The
latter had shown himself friendly to the
United States, and Eaton, with the aid OF
Commodore Barron, prepared to restore him
to his throne whence he had been driven by
his brother
During the temporary absence of Eaton
| from Tunis, Hamet lost heart. and fleeing
| to Egypt sought probation in the name
| luke camp at Minich.
Mohammed Ally treated the American
naval officers with great enthusiasm. He
gave them a grand banquet at the citadel,
attended by his Janissaries and mamelukes.
dressed in gorgeous attire. Finally he sent
an officer and escort with a safe conduct
to Hamet. who returned to Cairo and sub
Sequently Joined Eaton at Alexandria, With
the aid and authority of Mohammed Ally
happy to len1 aid to the United States In
the against the Tripoltan pirates, a
force of 400 or more Greeks. Arabs and
Bedouins We're recruited for the contem-
plated attack upon Derne, Hamlet's former
capital city.
The caravan undertook the
AAe Dehne march to Derne 800 miles of
Expedition. desert route. in the first days
of March, 1905. The officers of
the trOop-Capt. Luca Olovix. Lieut. Con-
stantine, Col. Leitensdorfer Farquhar an
Englshman; DR.. Mendriei Hamet and
Eaton in command. Accompanying the
caravan were the Americans LieutS o Ban
non Blakey Mann and twenty-three men
of the Argus.
Finally arrived at Derne after innumer-
able difficulties, the attack was begun April
81, 1905. The Hornet, Lieut.. Evans; the
Nautilus, Capt. Dent; the Argus Capt.
Hull, opened fire, and after a fierce fight
Derne was taken. The dey escaped to the
Tripolitan camp and Hamet took possess
sion of his throne. Lo! when order reigned
communication received from a
superior authority announcing that treaty
of peace had been concluded during Eaton's
absence in which the pretensions of
Hamet's brother had been recognized. He
was therefore brought back and reinvested
with authority, while poor Hamet was
obliged to scuttle and return to Egypt.
Eatons disgust may be imagined, but not
described. Gle had lost an arm at Derne)
He returned to the United States.
In the fight at Derne a number of Ameri-
can naval officers distinguished themselves
for daring and gallant conduct. The first
to plant the United States flag on the walls
of the fortress was Lieut.. George Wash
ington Mann to whom the general assem-
/
Midshipmen Gordon, Trippe and Davis
ceived honorable mention for meritorious
service. These officers, it should be added
were from the eastern shore of Maryland.
So also was Stephen Decatur, who in the
war with Tripoli boarded and burned the
captured Philadelphia in the harbor of
Tripoli, escaping under the fire of al guns.
an act which the great Nelson character
lied: LAS the most daring act of the age"
A hundred years separate us from the
corsairs of Morocco. The recent ransom
of Perdicaris at Tangier recalls the dread
souvenirs of the pirates Barbarossa of the
fourteenth century, whose names darken
with shadows, even now, the peace of
Europe. CHARLES CHAIL4LE LONG,
Exchange dAffaires in Egypt.