davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star., 1905-11-05

eye OF the experienced grower to detect the
signs of maladies which 1t Is heir to and
which. If allowed to develop, would soon
result in an epidemic among the trees, -for
the conta gious diseases in orchards, like
those in people are Catching" and slight
ailment in a single tree, If not checked at
once, will soon infect an entire orchard
Thus many a grower on first detecting the
symptoms of San Jose scale or the woody
aphis in his trees has been compelled to
destroy sometimes a greater portion of his
orchard to prevent the further spread of
the disease, an operation which may cost
him thousands of dollars Just at the time
when he had expected to reap golden har-
vest after several years of patient waiting
and unremitting toll. STATE supervision of
orchards and state inspection of nursery
stock. well as an increased knowledge
on the part of the growers. has of late kept
the losses by epidemic diseases in apple
trees to minimum.
1t was about six years ago that the first
Evening star., 1905-11-05
q NILE OF RPPLE@

| cious taste to the superiority of the fruit
| which the pastry inclosed. On each farm
| there were a few apple trees the product
of which was ample to supply the family
with apple pies and cider all the year
round, but which received no scientific cul-
ture. In a report of the Department of
Agriculture, made after the investigation of
the scientists, it was declared that the
apple Pie Ridge was the best section IN
the United States for the propagation of
the apple industry.
This announcement had an electrical eff
feet The conservative Quaker agrcultur-
lists awoke to the realization of the re-
sources Of their farms, and every one went
to work planting apple trees and obtaining
the best scientific literature on the subject
of the industry. The price of farm lands
jumped to amazing figures, and the raising
of wheat and other farm products was, to
great extent. abandoned in the interests
of the new industry. Today there is not
farm in Frederick county in what is
known as the apple belt" for sale, and
the value of the property has more than
doubled in the last two years.
AS already stated. this change in the Sc
lection of crops occurred about a decade
ago. and as an apple tree does not come
into bearing on paying scale under eight
years, the land owners of Frederick county
are only at the threshold of of
prosperity which must double and quad
ruple in almost arthmetical progression in
the succeeding years.
X
The peculiar adapta bility of the soil of
Frederick county for the raising of apples
has attracted the interest of leading scien-
lists, agriculturists and financiers from all
over the country, hundreds OF whom have
visited this section this fall to inspect the
orchards, as well as to admire the beau
ties which the trees, bending under their
burden of fruit, afford Most of these vis-
study the conditions surrounding the cul-
ture of the trees with a view to adopting
the same measures in their own localities
while others are seeking to invest their
capital. a few days ago the state of Penn
sylvania sent the specialists of it's depart
ment 6f agriculture to study the processes
In use here.
OF course. the apple tree, like the human
pelng, gets sick, and it needs the watchful
Evening star., 1905-11-05

commercial orchards Of the county began
to yield. At that time there was on deposit
in the banks of Winchester about s700.OOO.
Today there Is on deposit over s2,O00, 900,
and the cashier of one of these banks is
responsible for the statement that fully 9O
per cent of this money belongs to the farm
ers largely as a result of the growth of
the apple industry.
This year apples are bringing on the trees
In the orchards a net price of from 81 to s.
per barrel, the buyer paying the cost of
gathering the crop, packing it and trans
porting 1t from the farm to the railroad
station, and thence to the city markets or
abroad.
Although Frederick county is one of the
smaller counties of the state and parts of
Ii are mountainous, and while the indus
try Is yet in It's infancy, yet it is stated
Evening star., 1905-11-05

Several years ago a number of scientists
from the Department of Agriculture, at
Washington, visited Frederick county and
examined the soil in section which for a
long time had borne the somewhat luscious
name of the Apple Pie Ridge" Here dwelt
the prosperous and substantial agricultur-
lists of the county, composed largely of
good thrifty Quaker stock. Their ances-
tors were the earliest settlers of the valley
and the ueighborhood derived its name from
the palatable apple pies made by the good
housewives, which owed much of their lus-
Evening star., 1905-11-05
HOW CAPITAL CAME TO BE
LOCATED ON POTOMAC

>
Gen. Washington favored the locality ex-
actiy Where the capital city now stands The
New England and middle states lined up
IN raVor of location at or near Philadel-
phia, or on the Susquehanna below Har-
risburg.
At the first session of the First Congress-
IN 1883 quite an acrimonious discussion in
the House followed the introduction by
Representative Benjamin Goodhue of Mas
sachusetts of resolution that the perma :
nent seat OF government should be To-
Gated on the east bank of the Susque-
hanna, in Pennsylvania, and that while per-
manent buildings were being erected the
capital should remain in New York
The question of health among other
things, was absurdly argued against the
Potomac. Representative Theodore Sedg-
wick of Massachusetts asserted that it was
generally believed in New England that
the climate of the Potomac lis not only
unhealthy but destructive to northern con-
stitutions.' This point was pressed to gro
tesQue lengths Mr.. jeremiah Wadsworth tn
of the Nutmeg state did not dare to go to
the Potomac" Should that be the location
he feared that the whole of New Eng
land would consider the Union as de-
stroyed."
Mr. John Vining OF Delaware and Mr..
Michael Jenifer Stone of Maryland favored
the Potomac. So did Mr.. James Madison
of Virginia. Many of the arguments pro
and con hinged upon the availability of
communication with the growing west.
Others participated In the debate. and
finally MIR. Richard Bland Lee of Virginia
moved to strike out THE east bank of the
river Susquehanna" and insert 'the north
bank of the river Potomac. This brought
the question to a head. But this Lee sub
stitute was lost by decisive vote
The Goodhue resolution fixing upon the
east bank of the Susquehanna passed the
House by the decisive vote of 81 to II, and
was sent to the Senate. AS the southern
representation in the House aggregated
thirty, II is evident that thirteen of them
.backslid from George Washington or failed
to vote. There is no record of any debate
of the Goodhue resolution by the United
States Senate. On September 26, 1889, 1t
was sent back to the House amended TO
read: "A district of ten miles square,
bounded on the south by a line running
parallel at one miles distance from the city
of Philadelphia" 1t transpired that there
was tie vote, and the Senate's amendment
was adopted by the casting vote of Vice
President Adams.
But for Mr. Adams casting vote as Vice
President, therefore, the capital of the
United States would now stand somewhere
on the bank of the Susquehanna, in Penn
sylvania. What Its name would be is per-
haps problematical. If the House had
agreed to the Senate amendment it would
perhaps be located at or near Philadelphia
However, the House refused to concur In
tile Senate amendment, and the whole ques-
ton went over. The Congress in fact ad-
journed three days later. In the interim
before the matter was taken up in the
second session. there was an extraordinary
somersault in the congressional attitude
toward the new site. But the evolution was
not wrought through Washington's infu-
ence.
Evening star., 1905-11-05

The supreme court of California in de-
claring the trading stamp act OF the iegis-
lature of March unconstitutional, holds
the issuing of trading stamps is within the
constitutional right OF contract.
Evening star., 1905-11-05
BRINGING BEAUTY
INTO COMMON LIFE
BY SIR PHILIP BURNE-JONES,
BART
(Author of Dollars and Democracy" etc.)
tAll Rights Reserved)

IN looking at old pictures of houses and
streets, or representations of the every
day dress of our ancestors, one is
II struck by the much more important part
which Beauty played in the common
life of days gone by than has been as
signed to her in these later years by the
wisdom of new generations.
Without going further back than the days
of the Georges, what records abound of
beautiful and dignifed domestic architec-
ture, of cheerful and attractive garments
both for men and women, not only in the
palaces OF princes and the costumes of the
court, but in the houses of men of moder-
ate means, and in the clothes of ordinary
citizens.
To this legacy of beauty, left us by our
fathers, we. their children of the modern
world, seem to be strangely Indifferent.
The builder Of the twentieth century, no
less than the tailor and the dressmaker,
appears to dread any note of individuality
or distinction and to do his best to reduce
all things to one dead and depressing level.
Streets were once fringed with gabled
houses, no two of which We're absolutely
alike, whose interesting irregularity gave
character to the thoroughfares, while the
shops were ornamented with quaint and at
tractiye signs, and the simple taverns in
the town were the meeting places for men
of refinement and education.
We have changed all this, and wherever
we could do so, have pulled down the pic
turesque old houses that survived, and have
built in their stead miles upon miles OF
dreary and desolate streets, of which each
house is exactly like its neighbor-all equal
ly devoid of any touch of human interest
mechanical and soulless in their construc-
tion, melancholy and disheartening in theiI
appearance.
Instead of wearing coats of many colors
as our fathers did, we clothe ourselves In
funereal black, as though the joy of life
had in truth departed from amongst US.
Could anything, for example, be uglier
than the apparel of an ordinary respectable
man Of to-day? A shiny black cylinder
injury from wear and weather, surmounts
his head The height of 1t is purely arbi-
trary; there seems no particular reason why
1t should stop where 1t does, and not ex-
tend for another six inches into the air
ior why 1t should not be arrested at half
its height. Another hard shiny cylinder
this time white-encases his neck, and two
white cylinders surround his wrists
He covers his body with two coats-also
black. One of these is all front and no
back-the other all back and no front-and
this hangs round him in yards of super
fiuous drapery.
He then thrusts his legs into two more
cylinders-and pair of dismal black boots
often covered with a dirty reeking sub
stance called ''blacking." completes the pic
ture
Looked upon dispassionately. what could
Evening star., 1905-11-05

Spasmodic individual attempts to invent
more becoming and rational attire must
always SAVIOR of eccentricity or affectation
and, unless the new fashion is very gen.
orally adopted, must be doomed to failure
My complaint is that we should be con-
tent to sit down under the tyranny of the
top-hat and the frock coat. and should not
before now, have made some cooperative
effort to evolve something a little more in
ccnsonance with the dictates of human dig
nifty.
With regard to architecture we seem to
be entering upon era of ugliness un-
paralleled in the history of the art. 1t is
grievous to- see. --tSle modest and pleasant
houses of a bygone generation replaced
by the towering and pretentious editices
which are contributing, to no small extent,
to the growing vulgarity of the town
Indeed 1t Is a vulgar age upon which we
are entering, and unless something occurs
to arrest modern tendencies. our cities will
become uglier and more joyless as the
years advance-for ugliness and vulgarity
go hand in hand.
The sad thing is that no one to-day seems
to mind the destruction of what is beauti
ful, or to offer any serious opposition to its
place being taken by what is palpably the
reverse.
It might be interesting to speculate as to
what are the causes which have led to
1 have no hesitation IN ascribng this
change In the national attitude to the in
PRODUCTION of steam and electricity, and all
that these forces imply.
Quick and cheap transit-swift and easy
Interchange of thought, has resulted In the
massing together in our cities of thousands
of human beings who are attracted to the
same spot by the hope of selling their serv-
ices or their wares. With the advent of
machinery, the commercial output has be-
come enormous. and we are now not mere
ly a nation of shopkeepers but a nation of
manufacturers. whose goal is material
wealth, in the pursuit of which the ma
jority of the population has become exclu-
sively absorbed.
A standard of excellence based upon, utili-
tartan principles of supply and demand,
end entirely irrespective OF aesthetic con-
siderations, has been raised In the place
of the natural good taste and beautiful
tradition which characterized the days OF
our forefathers.
Evening star., 1905-11-05

From Jeffersons diary It is learned that
it turned on the assumption by the ma
uonal government of the state debts en-
Evening star., 1905-11-05

picturesque and animated. The harvest
ing of the fall apples is now drawing 10 "A
close, and the packers are beginning on tho
winter crop. the apples which will not
ripen for several months and are intended
for late winter and early spring consump-
tion. These are picke,- In a ripening state
and will be permitted to mature slowly in
cold storage for use next spring. Despite
the enormous growth of the industry. the
most primitive methods are in vogue for
harvesting the crop; no laborsaving devices
having yet been invented and the entire
process OF picking, sorting and packing
with the exception of the use of the bar
rel press) is done by hand. This involves
the outlay of considerable money and time
and gives employment to large numbers OF
men, who command good wages.
The apples are first picked from the trees
into bags slung around the shoulders OF the
pickers. who stand on the rounds of ladders
made of but one long piece of oak or hick-
ory wood, in which holes are bored for the
rounds. The apples then passed on to
the sorters. who separate them into "frsts''
and seconds, according to the size and
condition of the fruit. The ''firsts" must
be perfect in every reSpect-no bruises. no
worm holes, no specks-and they must be
the largest specimens of the orchard.
The apples that have fallen TO the ground
and they constitute frequently more than
one-half the number the tree originally
bore-are rejected "offalI' fruit, and are
shoveled loose into cars-good. bad and in
different-to be made into cider. apple but
ter, etc, by the preserving firms in the
large cities.
Evening star., 1905-11-05

Many thousands OF men and women-I
am not speaking of the very poor, but OF
the humber commercial classes-clerks.
Evening star., 1905-11-05

made to only one branch of apple culture
that of raising and shipping the raw fruit
but the industry has given life to many
side industries which In scope brings in an
nually thousands of dollars I'm the aggre-
gate. Apples are never wasted. Every
fallen or refuse apple finds its way either
to the cider press, the kettle, the still or the
evaporating plant, which give employment
to hundreds OF hands, and the products OF
which are consumed all over the country
in the form of cider, vinegar, wines mar
malade and the seductive product known as
"applejack. The revenue from these
sources is large and adds much to the vol
ume of activity which the parent indus
try has created.
The bulk OF the apples of Frederick coun-
ty are shipped from Winchester and small
stations nearby.
Evening star., 1905-11-05

These facts in themselves pointed to a
spot somewhere on the Potomac as the
natural site for the capital, without taking
into account WashlngtOns desires or per-
sonal claims. But even these geographical
and political influences had but small part
In the final determination of the matter.
Succinctly, the history of the measure
creating the city of Washington is as fol-
lows; The constitutional convention of
1871 had adopted a provision for the re-
moval of the capital from New York to a
more central location farther south so
tacitly understood. From the outset it
was generally conceded that the ten-mile
square district sought for the purpose would
be chosen either within the limits of Vir-
ginia, Maryland or Pennsylvania Before
the Congress met. each of these three
states had already formally profrered for
its acceptance the required district" or
territory required, with exclusive jurisdic-
tion," at whatever point II should settle
upon as most available for the new cap
ital.
Virginia and Maryland and the states
south unanimously favored district on
the Potomac. Virginia conceding the north
bank as sort OF compromise probably
Evening star., 1905-11-05

X YINE-TENTHS of the American peo-
~ pie carelessly believe that 1t was
VI Gen. George Washington's per-
sonal dictum that located the
capital on the Potomac. That Is
n mistake But for a curious loS-rolling'
bargain. with which Washington had moth
ing to do so far as known, the capital, In
stead of being located in a Wild swamp
on the Potomac near his home. Mount Yer
non." as recently asserted in an English
publication. would now be within the linn
It's OF Philadelphia or on the Susquehanna
near Columbia or Wrightsville. Washing
toms personal activity and unconcealed
wishes for the Potomac site had apparent
~ no influence whatever in determining
ultimate action on the matter. Despite
them. as the record st4ows. Congress de-
liberately voted IN the first instance by a
large majority OF both houses in favor of
a Pennsylvania location
The site of the capital was settled by the
First Congress In 1890. BY the first CEN
sus. taken that year population was dis
tributed as follows In the thirteen states
and four territories or districts in their
order: Virginia, TAI .610; Pennsylvania, 434,-
1913; North Carolina, 1893 I5l; Massachusetts,
ais 7sT; New York, $40, 100; Maryland, 3d.
52S: South Carolina, 249,0,3: Connecticut,
23T9+6: New Jersey, 4l39; New Hamp-
shire l4l, ,SS5; Maine, 96,54O; Vermont, 80,
425: Georgia, S2,04S, KENTUCKY, i0,o' :,
Rhode Island, IS, so; Delaware, 59,U96i Ten
nessee. 80 col: total, 3,929,2l4.
Virginia was clearly the state of para
mount influence, both by reason OF It's pop
ulation and social and political prestige.
Including Kentucky, which was still pracu-
cally a part OF the old state. Virginia had
nearly double the population of Pennsyl-
vania, which came next after her, and con-
siderably more than double the population
OF either New York or Massachusetts, the
other two leading northern states. She
was the center of the new commonwealth.
IL will be observed that the population
of the so-called southern states was l,96l
ia: that OF the states and districts north
OF Maryland and Delaware l,96S'OlO.
Evening star., 1905-11-05

be more grotesque as a costume for man
and yet custom has so Injured us to the
aspect of the top-hat and the frock-coat
that we see nothing particularly incongru-
Gus or ugly about them, and all efforts that
nave been made to introduce a more rea-
sonable style of clothing have proved in
effective.
Indeed any radical change in the national
costume must of necessity be gradual and
universal.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1905-11-16
TO CURE A COLD IN ONE DAY

Take LAXATIVE BRoM0 Quinipe Tablets
DrHSx1ets refund money II Il fails to cure.
r ". GRovn's signnurs = 81 each box 1Sc
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1905-11-16
TO CATARRH SUFFERERS
Hyomei Guaranteed to Cure by Henry
Evans or Money Refunded.

The popularity and increase in the sales of Hyo-
mel unique In the annals OF medicine. Such
astonishing have been made by this remedy
that the propretors have authorized Henry Evans
70 sell every package of Hyomei under an absolute
guarantee that It will catarrh. If it does not
the purchaser can have his money refunded by
Henry Evans.
Hyomei is ordinary remedy It Is the only
method of treatment that sends by direct nllala
ton to the most remote part Of the air passages
balssmic air that destroys al catarrhal germs the
breathing organs. enriches and purines the blood
with additional and makes permanent and
complete of catarrh
The complete Hyoaei outfit costs but 81 90 and
consists of an inhaler that be carried In the
vest pocket. a mediciSa dropper and bottle Of
Hyomei. The inhaler lasts lifetime, and IL one
bottle docs not cure an extra bottle of Hyomei can
be obtained for so cents. 1t is the most economical
OF all remedies advertised for the cure of eatarr
and is the only one that follows Nature in her
methods OF treating diseases Of the respiratory
organs.
Breathe through the inhaler for a few minutes
four times q day and your catarrh Is cured. That's
all
Il not cured Heap Evan. will refund yonr
meaey.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1905-11-16
Hull for Pile Driver Launched.

The hull for new wharf building ma
chine built at the site of Hunters old ship
yard at the foot of Wolfe street. at Alex
andria, was launched at high water yes
terday, and will be fitted with its machinery
for the pulling and driving of piles as soon
as possible The new machine is owned by
Mr.. De Wilton Aitcheson of Alexandria
and is built to replace smaller machine
formerly owned by Mr. Aitcheson The
new pile driver has been christened Mount
Vernon. and will be an able machine. The
large amount of wharf building and repairs
done here and In Alexandria, as well as
along the Potomac, has made the demand
for pile-driving machines very heavy and
owners Of wharf property are often
quired to wait several days before a ma
chine IS at liberty to do the work wanted.
1t is stated that Mr.. Aitcheson has a large
amount of work on hand for his new ma
chine soon as he can get it ready for
service.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1905-11-16
HOLDS IT'S OPENING MEETING.
Judge Shepard Addresses Society Of
S. A. R-Secretary Designs.

The feature of the opening meeting of the
season of the District of Columbia Society
of the Sons Of the American Revolution,
held last evening at Rauscher's, was an
impromptu address delivered by Mr.. Chief
Justice Shepard of the Court OF Appeals of
the District of Columbia. Senator Culber-
son and Senator Bailey, both of Texas, who
were expected to be present and address
the society found at the last moment that
they were unable to attend, SO Mr.. Chief
Justice Shepard was called upon. and met
the emergency. Depending entirely upon
his recollection, the speaker told many
things Of interest relating to the history of
his native state, Texas, and dwelt partieu-
Iarly upon her struggles for independence.
Many OF the incidents related by Mr.. Chief
Justice Shepard were not generally known,
and In consequence his talk proved to be
exceptionally entertaining. The speaker
prefaced his remarks by explaining that he
was more familiar with the history of
Texas than with that of the American revo-
luton, and therefore had selected The
Lone Star State as his topic.
Ex-President Earnest secured the passage
of resolution commencing the jamestown
exposition to the support OF the organiza-
ton.
In view Of the fact that he win soon re-
move 90 the west, there to engage n the
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1905-11-16
ALUMNI RECEPTION.
Function This Evening in Honor OF
Georgetown University President.

The Society of Alumni of Georgetown
University has arranged to hold recep-
ton this evening at Rauscher's from $50
until 10, in honor of the Rev David Hill
house Buel, S. j.. recently appointed presi-
dent of the university large attendance
of the alumni is expected, and a number
of prominent gentlemen have accepted in
vitations to be present
The introductions to the guest of honor
VIII be made by Mr.. Justice White OF the
Supreme Court of the United States, the
president of the society of the alumni. The
details are In charge of a special COM
mittee consisting of Mr.. J. Nota McGsl,
Mr. William +. Quicksall, Mr.. William
Henry Dennis DR. Samuel s. Adams and
Mr.. Charles e. Roach