davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The progressive farmer and the cotton plant., 1905-06-13
SURFACE CULTIVATION OF CORN,

their roots. Weed destruction may
be effected much more thoroughly by
the use of cultivators which shave
the entire surface between the rows
of corn, severing weeds just below
their crowns or uprooting them en-
tirely. A fair trial of shallow culti-
vation will bear out all the state
ments made in it's favor.-Breeders
Gazette.
The progressive farmer and the cotton plant., 1905-06-13

it. the better we like it; and tb;s :.
undoubtedly the universal verdict ~
Scrub stock and razor-back Goa.
have become things of the past S'
Speaking for myself and from
individual standpoint, | am NOT on m
advocate of the strictly no-fenco low un
[ believe in fences, and as manv ~" ",
needed; not in order that [ NAV faen ~,
other peoples stock out. but that 7
may pasture my fields any time and
every time [ wish, and yet never lot
my stock out on my neighbors, This
is exactly what I am doing. In add;.
ton to abundance of pasture. under
a fence that is abundantly capable Of
effectually restraining any and al
stock enclosed therein, [ have
boundary fence around my entire
farm. This enables me to CLEAN the
fields and pasture them at my own
will and pleasure. This is as il
should be, and I would not be salts
fed to have it any other way. Our
boundary fence consists of four
barebd wires. This is sufficient to
restrain our own stock and also that
of other people. In spite of the
fact that it is not best, in the long
run, to habitually make practice
of pasturing the fields, the time does
come, and with even the very best of
farmers occasionally. when we are
very much gratifed in having field
that We can pasture, if we wish to;
and we often wish to.
The stock law has many advan-
tages-far too many to enumerate
here-and entails no hardships on
any one, with the single exception
of those who are short of stock Wa
ter. while it gives simple justice to
many and does injustice to none. In
short. the enacting of the "nofence"
law in any section is bound to result
in the greatest good to the greatest
number. It may result in fewer
stock, but not necessarily so; and
what stock there is will be better
stock, and they will be better cared
for; they will be both more profitable
as we'll as more valuable, while,
whenever they may. from any spe-
ciaI cause. need the owners atten-
tion, he always knows exactly where
to find them.-G. III. Turner, Bur
CESS, Miss. in Southern Planter.
The progressive farmer and the cotton plant., 1905-06-13
Improved Machinery.

munication from Pottawattamie
County, Iowa. on improved machin-
cry. and we make it the occasion of
a little more talk ON that subject.
The farmer is inclined to hang on
to his old tools as long as they will
do fairly decent work and without
much reference to the cost of the
work done, thus violating one of the
first rules of success. The men who
are running our successful manufac
turing establishments are always on
the lookout for improved machinery.
Whenever they can find a machine
thing manufactured at less cost than
can be done with the old machines.
they Immediately get rid ofthe old
and buy the new. What they are
aiming at is economy of production
and they will invest i'll whatever will
economic in that line.
If the farmer is to succeed, he
must pursue exactly the same policy.
He is competing with the world and
hence must produce a bushel of
grain. a pound of live weight, or a
ton of hay at the minimum of cost.
Two of the main elements in the cost
of production are labor and machin-
ery. The farmer must choose be-
tween investing money in labor-sav
ing machinery or in labor. Money
paid out for labor is gone at once
and never comes back to him again.
The money paid out for an improved
machine goes gradually while the
machine lasts or its usefulness lasts.
Referring again to the article,
this correspondent says that a boy
who can handle four horses with a
gang plow can do as much work as
two men with four horses with the
ordinary plow. The purchase of a
gong plow. therefore, saves the cost
of one man and his board, or about
$25 to $50 per month. How long will
it take a gang plow to pay for iself
under this showing? The same rule
applies in every other kind of ma
chinery? We are not advocating or
championing gang plows or any 9TH
er tool. The point we insist on is
that where a man can reduce the cost
of bushel of wheat or corn, or a ton
of hay, by investing III improved ma
chinery, he should do it and at once.
He should, however. be sure of it be-
fore he makes the change. Do not
buy any new machine until you have
tested it so thoroughly that you know
just what you are doing. No man
can afford to take any risks on this
line. =
Improved machinery necessarily
requires improved labor. a man of
higher ability, and this man will de-
mand a higher price. There is the
same difference between men that
there is in machines. Our readers
will all bear us out that in their past
experience one hired hand has often
been worth two others and at prob
ably a difference of only $500 per
month in wages. We are quite. sure
that we can pick out hired hands on
the farms of Iowa of whom their
employers will say that they made
them large profit. and for every
one we can pick out three or four,
of whom their employers will testify
| that they have employed them at q
loss. If improved machinery leads
to the sitting out of hired men and
relegating the poorest of them to
some other business. it will in itself
The progressive farmer and the cotton plant., 1905-06-13


Jury to the plants after they have at
tanned height of eight or ten inch
es. At this stage of growth their
root system becomes very complex
and extensive, the moist soil to
depth of several inches containing
a network of foraging rootlets which
feed the plants. In dry seasons
these rootlets are further from the
surface than when the soil is abun-
dantly supplied with moisture, but
they are not in any event below the
range of the cultivator shovels too
commonly used.
Surface cultivation serves all the
rational aims of tillage 1t stirs the
soil sufficiently to form a dust
mulch, which aids In outstanding
moisture, and destroys weeds. More
over, the weeder or surface cultiva-
tor does this work without pruning
the plant roots. Deep cultivation
facilitates the escape of moisture,
INJURIES the roots and ridges the field.
From every standpoint deep culture
is Fundamentally wrong and shallow
or surface tillage scientifically cor
rect. - Such is the verdict of all re-
corded experimental work in which
the two systems have been fairly
tested.
Cultivation has more than the
one object of eradicating weeds,
which is no more important in grow
ing corn than the aeration of the
soil and conservation of moisture.
Larger yields would be the result if
corn=growers appreciated fully the
threefold purpose of cultivation. If
the maintenance of a surface dust
mulch in their fields received as
much attention as the determination
of weeds more profitable crops would
be garnered. If the old-fashioned
deep-running cultivator were aban-
doned and the surface-working i'm
plement adopted the wholesale de-
struction of corn plant roots would
be avoided and an augmented yield
would logically follow.
1t is a common belief among
growers of corn that in order to be
effective the implement used in cul-
tivating the crop must bring moist
earth to the surface. To do this
when the soil is markedly deficient
In water. as it often is about the
middle of July and during the month
of August, requires excessively deep
blowing. Determined to leave
black streak of moist dirt behind him
as he cultivates from one side of the
cornfeld to the other the plowman
sets his shovels so that they will stay
out of sight. increasing his own work
in handle or foot pressure. adding to
the draft of the machine and, what
is of far more consequence. tearing
out a part of the root system of the
corn plants.
When corn is laid by it is the rule
in some parts of the country to
throw dirt from the spaces between
the rows toward and against the
stalks. forming ridges which leave
the field in very bad condition for
subsequent use. Surface culture is
best for corn from start to finish,
but is especially appropriate as a
finish. As it is easier on man and
beast and enables the corn-grower
to produce more bushels per acre
than he could obtain from deep cul-
tivation the system should be uni
versally adopted.
Whether the season be wet or dry
the man who surface-works his corn
fields will grow more corn, other con-
The Springdale news., 1905-03-17

the urgent Solicita tion of his chil- dren who do not wish him to live alone. He has a son in business at Topeka, Kansas, and will probably make that his head quarters, although he expects to spend most of the summer in the west. Mr. Lindamood expects to take his departure in d few days, and he will leave many friends here.
 A masked burglar entered the home of J. (. Williams at Fay etteville Saturday night. There was no one at home but Mrs. Williams and the children, and Mrs. Williams was awakened by man at her bedside attempting to ehloroform her. Her cries arous- ed the other members of the fam fly and the burglar made his es- cape. The miscreant is thought to be a resident of Fayetteville, although there Is no clue as to his identity. Mrs. Williams was able to describe the clothing he wore but did not see his face. Mir. Williams was away from home, representing the Whitlow- Williams Wholesale Drug Co.,, and as lie was expected home that night Mrs. Williams had left the door unlocked, and 1t was through this that the burglar secured entrance.
The Springdale news., 1905-03-17

the movement and will be III at tendance. If the plan works sue cessfully 1t will be worth many thousands of dollars to Northwest t Arkansas. Fayetteville Daily, Monday.
 Bob Williams who conducts d barber shop under the bank of Fayetteville has a genuine cab bage snake on exhibition, which his wife discovered in a head of cabbage that she was preparing for dinner. The reptile is horned, as large as an embroidery needle and one and one-half inches long. Mir. Williams is going to have the specimen analysed to see how deadly 1t is.-Fayetteville Daily.
 M. D. Todd, of Russelville, who has been here several days arranging hls samples to start on the road for the Stephen Putney Shoe Co.,, will leave this morning. He will travel in Texas. Ed. Welch and John Oldham will leave in a few days and will first cover the Indian Territory. MT. Welch is general manager for this firm in large territory and the samples show the line to be good one.
 Mir. and Mrs. John Stearns and son, of Spokane, Washington, who have been visiting relatives in this locality for several weeks, left Sunday for Mexico to spend few months for the benefit of Mir. Stearns' health and where he will probably make some in- vestments. Mir. StearnS IS a brother of Dr. Stearns of this place and went to Washington over twenty years ago where he has been usually successful.
 M. NJ. Lindamood has sold his property east of town to Mrs. Emily Connor, of Oklahoma, and her son-in-law, Jas. F. Lee, will occupy the property and is ex- pected to arrive in a few days. Mir. Lindamood came here four years ago for the benefit of his health, and has made his home out on his farm all alone. He has improved wonderfully since he came here and he regrets very much to leave and does so only at
The Springdale news., 1905-03-17
1In tbe Gown and County.

five, two are negroes, Vol Taylor and William Miller, and three white men, Earl Perkins, Joe Smith and Stanley Boson.--Fay- etteville Daily.
 J. M. Beard, one of Lowell's business men, was down Wednes- day. He wants to sell either his business at Lowell or his farm near that place, being unable to give both proper attention.
 w L. Stokes and family have moved back from Bentonville and will occupy the residence proper ty of J. Wesley Phillips in Beavers addition. MT. Stokes has not yet decided what he will do.
 Miss Payne, editor of the Fay etteville Daily has been called to Virginia by the illness of her mother, and during her absence Hon. George Stoekard will assist in the editorial work of the paper.
 Ali Prater returned T tuesday night from a business trip to Tyler, Texas, where he has ac- cepted a position with a lumber company at that place. He will leave soon to enter upon his duties.
 Mir. and Mrs. W. H. kelso re- turned latter part of last week from San Antonio, Texas, where they spent the winter. They did not enjoy very good health down there and think more of Arkansas than ever.
 F. K. Wright and H. G. Roper, young men living i'll the vicinity of Harmon, west of town, left Wednesday afternoon for Belling- ham, Washington, where they contemplate making their home for awhile.
 The Little Rock Gazette says Willie Bohlen will be candidate for representative from Madison County next year. He has served two terms as page in the house and Is now serving as assistant journal clerk.
 Sundays Globe-Demoerat con- tained write-up of Tontitown, the Italian colony west of Spring. dale, showing view of the church and the school house and also an excellent likeness of Father Bandini.
 Willie Bohlen's friends here will regret to learn that he has the small pox aud is confined in the hospital at Little Rock. He is assistant journal clerk in the house of representatives and was taken i'll Sunday.
 The base ball boys are out warming up these bright sum- shiny days. If all the home boys would remain here Springdale could put winning team in the field this year, but several of them contemplate leaving. B.
The Springdale news., 1905-03-17

Willard Berry went down to Little Rock Tuesday on business,
 M. L. Groom, representing the Fort Smith Elevator, was in town Monday and called on The News.
 Mrs, Lizzie McAllister came over from Gentry Wedn esday to vlslt her sons, Garland and Carl Ownbey.
 The News is requested to announce that Eld. Ed. Hale will preach at the Christian Church next Sunday at II a. m.
 The News is requested to an- nounce that Rev. w. H. Dyer will preach at the South Metho- dist church next Sunday night.
 F. W. Sims will have public sale of his household goods, farm ing implements. etc, next Mon- day at his farm north of town.
 Mrs. Henry Rice and sister Miss Callie Rose returned Sunday morning from Bells, Texas, where they had been visiting relatives.
 Aunt Alph Smiley, who has been very i'll with pneumonia at her home out beyond Elm Springs, is reported to be some better.
 Mrs. A. Sanders and Mrs. Bert Lewis went up to Benton vile Friday afternoon to visit with relatives, returning first of the week.
 L. w. DeWolf returned Satur- day night from a business trip to Oklahoma City. He reports his sister, Mrs. A. Dukes we'll pleased with that place.
 Lee Rubottom. of Crawford County, who had been called to Springdale by the death of his father, Dr. w. F. Rubottom, re- turned home Wednesday.
 Miss Emma Rautenberg, of St. Louis, arrived Monday and will have charge of the millinery de- partment of the Springdale Cash Dry Goods Co. this season.
 c. W. Johnson, of Aurora, Ind, brother of Mrs, F. E. Wilson arrived Wednesday on visit. This Is his first visit to Arkansas, and he is delighted.
 Lee McGaugh, son of A. J. MeGaugh who has been here for the past few months left Wednes- day for Texas, and his first stop ping place will probably be Sher- man.
 News comes from Allensville, Mo-, that Mir. and Mrs. Walter Wilson are the parents of a daughter. Mrs. Wilson will be better remembered as Miss Callsta Cogar.
 Five prisoners were tried before Squire Wm. N. Bishop this morn- ing for aiding and assisting to break jail on March :. The de- fendants were fired S10 each and given ten days in jail. Of these
The Springdale news., 1905-03-17

Mics Hermann teaches book
 Io;ng. shorthand and typewrit- $ Residence opposite corner P,r the Christian church. lone g.
The Springdale news., 1905-03-17

No such opportunity was ever
 before offered to buy apple trees.
 r. J. Chapman has quantity ot
 fwo-year-old Ben Davis trees which he will close out at almost
 gour own price. Price no object. NO Inner trees were ever grown,
 Pnd you are asked not to buy pntil you see these trees. Gall
 pn John Gregory, east of the de- pot.
The Springdale news., 1905-03-17
STRAWBERRY TICKETS.

The News is prepared to print strawberry tickets. Nothing but good stock used. Send i'll yonr orders early so they can be printed before the rush.
The Springdale news., 1905-03-17

hoo, ,o00 Pedigreed Excelsior [awberry plants, and 30, O,000 bnsas Black cap raspberry snts for sale at low prices.
 JAS. T. CRAIG.
The Springdale news., 1905-03-17
FOR SALE.

A nice home of 1s15 acres ad- joining the town of Lowell. A snap. If preferred will sell gen. eral merchandise business. If you want to buy call on or address,
 62-2 J. M. BEARD, Lowell, Ark.
The Springdale news., 1905-03-17

s. M. Graham is prepared to make strawberry carriers. Leave orders now and you will be sure to get them when needed.
The Springdale news., 1905-03-17
|or fire, lightning, cyclone
 l windstorm Insurance see |. F, Rennor.

Eorthern Potatoes, 65 cents |bushel, 21z bushel sack 60 P. P. WELLS & Go.
The Springdale news., 1905-03-17

The Springdale Cash Dry pods Co. will place on display lturday, April s, their line of ring millinery.
The Springdale news., 1905-03-17

|The Northwest Arkansa Lum- (r Company sells more paint
 Ian all other firms in Springdale
 bmbined.
The Springdale news., 1905-03-17

The Northwest Arkansas Lum- er Company handles Flint Coat
 nd Alligator composition roof k. If you want a roof for d lit 5 money this is what you should
The Springdale news., 1905-03-17

For fine nursery stock call on address the E. F. Rice Nurser-
 Snringdale, Ark. 31-tf.
The Springdale news., 1905-03-17

Have a car of seed oats com
 D. See sample and get prices. F. P. WELLS X Go.
The Springdale news., 1905-03-17
NOTICE.

The Springdale Berry Growers Association will this season pay cents per quart for picking.
 MosE ANDERSON, Pres.
The Springdale news., 1905-03-17

II PFRTA PEACH TREES. ] ooo or 1000 good Elberta
 lh trees, 4 to 6 feet, fully
 |.arteed, for sale. Call on or
 |lass | W. Goree's Nurseries, Engdale, Ark. tf
The Springdale news., 1905-03-17

All who are indebted to Dod- pn X Brown come and pay same
 once. We must have money. les. 1t means YOU.
The Springdale news., 1905-03-17

Span of good mules harness and wagon for sale cheap.
 G. A. SHERIDAN, phone 50.
The Springdale news., 1905-03-17

Ninson has given up his position at Fayetteville and IS here work ing out preparatory to going to Viniti, I. T., to play. He ex- poets to leave in about three weeks.
 Henry Thompson reports that Hazel Valley has two cases of small pox. He says the disease IS manifested in so mild a form that 1t has not been deemed nec- essary to call in a physician as yet.-Fayetteville Daily.
 Wilburn Hobbs an alumnus of the State University, who has been teaching in the Philippines for several years returned yester- day and IS with his wife and daughter at Mrs. Anna Brown field's-Fayetteville Daily.
 Jno. Mathes who was tried be- fore Squire Cherry on Saturday for assault with a deadly thing upon James Johns, was held to await the action of the grand jury and granted bail in the sum of S10O.-Fayetteville Daily.
 Poultry raiserS who have been wanting some extra good feed can now get 1t at Parrott X Joyce's meat market. They have put in a machine to grind up green bones, which makes the best chicken feed obtainable.
 Ard Mintun, son of Hon. A. W. Mintum, of Elkins, and Miss Stella Simpson,, of Fayetteville, were married Tuesday evening. They will make their home at Fayetteville where Mir. Mintum Is engaged in the barber business.
 W. H. Gibbs, of Bengal, Mo-, representing the Western Fruit Grower of St. Joseph, Mo-, was in Springdale this week and called on The News. The Vest ern Fruit Grower is an excellent paper and has a good circulation in this locality.
 NJ. w. Miracle recently sold to some Little Rock gentlemen an interest in his patent fire escape and a company is being formed to manufacture them. MT. Mir acle is having one made now at the foundry at Fayetteville and when completed 1t will be put up at the Jefferson Hotel in Little Rock.
 K. F.. Renner has a force of six carpenters at work rebuilding the livery barn on the site of the one recently destroyed by fire, and 1t Is expected to have 1t com pleted next week. It will be 40x65 feet. T. NJ. Hinson & Go. will occupy the barn when eon- pleted.
 F. w. Sims has sold his farm north of town to A. H. Gears of Winfield, Iowa. MT. Gears has returned to Iowa but expects to move here in the fall to make his home. MT. Sims has not yet de- cided what he will do as he sold his farm on account of failing health.
 l.. A. Carpenter and family left Tuesday afternoon for Chico, California, where they contem- plate making their home. Mir. Carpenter sold his farm recently near Tontitown but will not in- vest in California until he finds out whether or not he likes 1t out there. His friends wish him success.
 Will Clark and Jno Mcdonald were arraigned before Squire Lit tie of West Fork last Saturday on preliminary examination, charged with having burglarized the store of F. J. MaileS at West Fork. The boys were held to
The Springdale news., 1905-03-17

Good timothy hay for sale. Ss per ton.-EDwARD E. HALE.
The Springdale news., 1905-03-17

Millinery opening at the New
 Irk Store, Saturday, April 8.
The Springdale news., 1905-03-17
WANTED.

To rent for a month or six weeks horse suitable for lady to drive. Call at News office.
The Springdale news., 1905-03-17

For sale old evaporator lumber.
 J. F. EVINs.
The Springdale news., 1905-03-17

k.od milk COW wanted. Will also N stock peas. ". U. bkVGOUN.
The Springdale news., 1905-03-17

For sale A 1 family horse. p-2t. J. F EvINs.
The Springdale news., 1905-03-17

E. H. Sanders pays highest
 sh price for eggs, poultry, hides d furs, at J. T. Masoner's old and tt
The Springdale news., 1905-03-17

J. C. Johnson is buying cord rood tor kinmons Walker X Go. br their evaporator next season. Parties having wood to sell are
 equested to see him.
The Springdale news., 1905-03-17
For life, accident and health nsurance sec Chas. E. Bonner.

We will have our spring millin- |ry opening on Saturday, April s, |nd cordial invitation IS extend-
 h all to call and see us on that |ay. A. F.. SMYER.
The Springdale news., 1905-03-17

All purpose horse for sale. See c. Dodson.
The Springdale news., 1905-03-17

J. k. Loving wishes to call |speclal attention to his stock of seed, which is the best ever brought to Springdale. Two ||l.arge packages of garden seed TOT cents, something never be-
 lore offered here. If you will call
 we Will convince you it will be to your interest to buy your garden ana held seed here.
 J. K. LOVING.
The Springdale news., 1905-03-17
FOR SALE.

TUX SALE.
 Refrigerator, 6xs, in good con iltlon, will be sold cheap. Suit lble for small meat market. Parrott & Joyce, Springdale, Ark.
The Springdale news., 1905-03-17

]. Piano cheap. Read c. w.
 kennan's ad.
The Springdale news., 1905-03-17

Northern grown Early Ohio seed potatoes, 65 cents per bush ei at r. P. Wells X Go.
The Springdale news., 1905-03-17

Harris & CIaypool have a "'ce lot of two.year-Old apple roes, standard varieties, still
 U the nursery row which they VIII sell cheap. 61.3t
The Springdale news., 1905-03-17

Don't fail to attend the opening 1l VI spring millinery at the Spring d dale Cash Dry Goods Co.,, Satur- Gay, April s.
The Springdale news., 1905-03-17

Elberta peach trees for sale at 9 .our own price during next two weeks. Must clean up my niir- sery. LAS T. CRAIG.