The Jersey City news. (Jersey City [N.J.]) 1889-1906, 1905-12-19
DAIRY EXPERTS IN
FEDERAL EMPLOY
Secretary of Agriculture
Wilson Reviews Tneir
v ork During the Past
Year
THEIR GREAT REFORM
ABUSES IN THE MANUFACTURE
OF BUTTER ABATED-ExPERI-
MENTs IN CHEESE MAKING.

OE BUTTER ABATED-EAPERI-
MENTs IN CHEESE MAKING.
Dairying constitutes one of the main
branches of animal industry. says Secre-
tary of Agriculture Wilson, in his an
nual report. This line of agricultural eff
fort in the United States yields good re-
turns to great number Of producers.
A large amount of capital is invested in
dairying, and the development of the in
dustry has been marked by the inteli-
gence and enterprise of those engaged
therein.
The interests of this industry hare
been looked after by the dairy division Of
the Bureau of Animal Industry. This
division was organized June 80. 1895,
and during the past eight years its work
has steadily expanded in scope. amount,
and Importance At first its efforts were
limited to the collection and dissemina
ton Of information regarding the dairy
industry. Statistics and general infor-
nation were collected and published; and
bulletins were prepared describing the
principal breeds of dairy cattle and out
lining the most approved methods em-
ployed in the several branches of the
dairy industry in this country and in
Europe
As time passed and larger funds be-
came available new studies and original
investigations were taken up. These in
clnded studies and Investigations relating
to the conditions and demands of domes-
tic and foreign markets; the production
of milk and its distribution to the people
of cities; limitations OF and substitutes
for dairy products; and the number and
distribution of pure-bred dairy cattle and
grades, with their effect upon production
and results
Milk, an important product in its new
state, and the basis for the Manufacture
of all other dairy products, has ma
" received the first and largest shaS II
attention Popular bulletins have been
prepared and issued in large and repeat
ed editions, the object of which has been
to raise the standard of production by
educating both the consumers and pro-
ducers Of milk. The most approved
methods of feeding, handling and milking
dairy COWS, and of cooling, handling,
storing and transporting milk. have been
presented, and the common errors and
dangers involved in careless dairying
forcibly pointed out.
The first work along this line consisted
in a study, the results. of which were re-
ported in paper entitled, "Creameries
or Butter Factories; Advantages, Loca
| ton, Organization and Equipment" The
factory system of making butter was
carefully investigated and the methods of
organizing. establishing and conducting
creamery were outlined.
Butter Exports Experimental exports
of butter have received considerable at
| tention. Special agents of the depart
ment have visited Great Britain, France,
| Germany, China, Japan and the Philip
pine Islands and arranged for experiment
| tai exports of butter to places in all.
| Trial shipments have been made to Ger
many. France and England. The ship
ments to Manchester. England have
! been most numerous and the most salts
factory. and good reputation has been
established for our butter in that quar-
/ ter.
Cold Storage of Butter-To determine
the best temperature at which TO hold
1 butter in storage experiments were con-
Quoted in Chicago in 1903-4 The cream
was collected and the butter made by the
usual methods OF trst-ciass creamery
The butter was PIT UP in sixty pound
/ tubs and stored at temperatures ranging
from degrees Fahrenheit below zero to
80 degrees above zero. The results prov
ed that temperature few degrees be-
low zero is most desirable. The lot stor-
ed at 5 degrees below kept almost per-
fectly for eight months. while the lots
stored at 10 degrees and 20 degrees
above zero deteriorated greatly.
Renovated Butter-To tns dairy divis-
. MONROE, MICH, WANTS INDUSTRIES
rocax.or, Tffaa7 70 = NJ