Audubon Republican. [volume] (Audubon, Iowa) 1894-1925, 1905-06-29

Within a year from the day when
the shot hear round the world" was
fired at Concord all semblance of allie
glance to Great Britain disappeared.
The Continental army was in exist,
ence: Washington was COMMANDMENT,
Chief; Bunker Hill had been fought;
the Colonial Legislatures had been
replaced by Provincial Congresses or
Provincial Conventions, and the Royal
Governors by Committees of Safety.
When matters had gone as far as
the colonies to establish civil govern
ment of their own creation, took into
consideration the resolution Of Lee
declaring the colonies sovereign, free
and Independent states, and appointed
a committee to write a declaration of
independence and another to frame
a plan of government for the United
States. July 4, 1916, the Declaration
was adopted, and between 1916 and
1884 eleven states framed and put in
operation written constitutions and so
turned themselves from colonies into
states. Rhode Island till 1912, and
Connecticut till 1918 continued to use
their old colonial charters.
SIN July of 1916 Congress tool up the
Articles of Federation, or plan of gov
eminent for the United States, and in
1777 SEN them to the states for APP
prOval; but disputes over the owner
ship of lands west of the mountains
delayed their acceptance till 1881.
From the first the plan was a failure.
Congress had nc power to lay a tax
of any sort, nor regulate trade with
foreign countries, nor between states.
The states issued paper money, regu-
lated foreign trade, each in its own
way without regard to the regulations
If others, and by this lack of uniformi-
ty produced the financial. commercial
and industrial distress which wrecked
the Confederation. Business condi-
tons made an abandonment of the
articles necessary, and in 1877 our
present Constitution was framed at
Philadelphia. Eleven states promptly
ratified and in April, 1889, Washing
ton was inaugurated at New York.
In 1890 Philadelphia became the seat
of government, and in 1900, Washing
ton.
The financial legislation Of the first
and second congresses split the people
| into two political parties-the FEEDER,
alists, who supported Washington,
with Adams, Hamilton, Jay, Pickering,
! and King for leaders, and the anti,
E,oIoroIic+v n p Panub1icaDS who on.
posed the administration under the
lead of Jefferson, Madison, Monroe
and GaIlatin. Scarcely had the
! parties been organized on domestic
issues whan France declared war on
Great Britain and opened her Yves
Indies to neutral trade, and our cOun'
try entered upon a long period of for
eign complication. Washington is
sued a proclamation Of neutrality
Q792) and our merchants rushed tc
the French West Indies. But Great
Britain seized their ships and the
Anti-Federalists attempted to force
Congress to r%etaliate. Lest this
should bring on wal Washington sem
lay to London to negotiate our frs
commercial treaty with Great Brit
ain. This treaty offended France, who
rejected our new minister, demanded
tribute and so insulted us that ar
army of volunteers was raised, cOas
defenses erected, the Navy depart
ment created, and a naval war wageC
from 1798-18O0. From 1901 to $780,
there was peace in Europe, and during