The Pacific commercial advertiser. [volume] (Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands) 1885-1921, 1905-06-30
TO PREVENT SPREAD
Of ANIMAL DISEASES
Recommendations of Dr. Norsaard to Board OF
Agriculture tilo Forest Reserve
Approved-Many Reports.

1
afternoon and listened to the regular
reports OF the heads of the division.
DR.. Norgaard. head of the Division of
Animal Industry. read an interesting
report on the diseases Of animals found
in the territory and made valuable
suggestions to the board as TO the
methods TO be pursued in stamping
out the diseases. The report was re-
ferred to the committee on rules and
regulations and Dr. Norgaard is al
present engaged in drawing UP rules to
regulate the Importation of cattle. Fol-
lowing is the report:
Honolulu, T H. June %, 1905
Hon. L. A Thurston, President, Board
! Of Agriculture and Forestry, Homo
lulu. T. H.
Sir: Pursuant TO your request for
statement regarding the general policy
I to be pursued by a Territorial Neter-
J marian in carrying out the law enact
I ed by the last legislature for the sup
preston and eradication of infectious.
contagious and communicable diseases
among the live stock in this Territory,
1 beg TO submit the following:
From personal observation during the
/ past four months. in connection with
( Information obtained from practising
veterinarians stock breeders, ranch
men and others L have come to the
conclusion that the greatest source of
n aaF
may be traced TO three diseases,
CHAMBERS among horses and mules,
tuberculosis in cattle and scabies in
sheep. None Of these diseases is in
digenous to the islands but have been
brought here by stock introduced for
various purposes. The first step in
SURPRISING them would therefore seem
/ to be TO cut off the further source Of
| infection by means of effective regula-
lions governing the Importation of live
stock, and the enforcement of the same.
Chambers though frequently insidious
| in its course and difficult or impossible
TO detect on physical examination can
/ be guarded against so effectively that
the possibility of further introduction
/ of the infection through importations
should be practically impossible; and
the means TO this end, the mallein test,
has been accepted over nearly the en-
tire civilized world as the only remedy
| for the successful and economic sup
| preston of this disease.
As California is among the States
where CHAMBERS prevails to considerable
extent, and as nearly all the horses and
mules imported into this Territory come
: from or at least through California, it
is not surprising to find that CHAMBERS
heads the list among the sources OF
/ loss to live stock in the islands. A
rigid enforcement of the testing with
maIlein of all horse stock to be brought
here is therefore necessary, but due
consideration should be given TO avoid
causing unnecessary Inconvenience, de-
lay or expense to the owners, import
! ers or consignees. Arrangements should
be made with one or more reputable
veterinarians on the coast whose GER
tifcate Of maIlein test would be ac-
j ceptable 10 your Board. and all i'm
porters of horse-stock should be re-
quired 10 submit their animals TO them
for testing; all horses and mules ar
irving here without such certificate
should be taken Immediately to the
Territorial quarantine station and kept
there until tested, all expenses TO be
paid by the owner. 1t might be claim
ed by the importer that in case he
gathered a shipment of horses and
mules in San Francisco and had them
tested there. he would. if one or more
should react, have no recourse against
the former owner who might live
hundred miles away. Such, however,
would only be the case when the pur-
chase was made from an irresponsible
party At any rate the animal would
be a dead loss including freight and
other expenses, if shipped TO this Ter
ritory and when tested here were found
TO react. Only a few months ago an
importation of mules arrived here from
San Francisco with acute CHAMBERS
among them Two of these animals
were shot on board the ship and the
remaining ones taken TO the quarantine
station where they We're kept under
observation for six weeks. The loss
and expense To the owners by FAR ex-
ceeded the cost Of any preventive
measures which might have ben taken
with this and many succeeding ship
ments.
Experfenca alone will show which Of
the two methods, the testing before
sbipnent or after the arrival here Will
prove the most effective. and 10 the
owners the least expensive. In case
tbe testing before shipment should
nrove satisfactory TO all concerned
REGULATION by your Board prohibiting
1hs landing Of horsa-stock unaccompa-
riad bv certificates of maIlein test
sbo,,ld DFove effective. In any case II
win he necessary 10 provide The pres
srt quarantine station with facilities
for tbs testing of stock with either mall
lein or tuberculin.
,,,ha second measure to be considered !
= tbe suppression of CHAMBERS among
- borea-stock now in this Territory
"a tba prevention Of its spread from ,
80 ,ooalftv 10 another That CHAMBERS
l,,.e,.ai1- among the horses and mules !
- tr-.1,,t,, aud vicinity to an alarm |