The sun., 1905-10-19
World Peace and an Anglo-Franco
American Combination.

We do not go 80 far as does Mr.. AN
DREW CARSEGIr, who, when installed
ON October II as rector Of st. Andrews
University, expressed in his address the
belief that even three nations banded
together in a league of peace could ban
ish all war in the future. We fear that
the millennium is further off than he
imagines, but We are quite willing to
concede that even in the existing state
of international relations the three ma
tions which he has in mind, namely,
Great Britain, France and the United
States, might by cooperation exert a
very powerful influence in favor OF
universal peace.
They could exert such influence for
three reasons: First, certain existing
alliances render it probable that two
additional great Powers, Russia and
Japan, would, soon or late, accede to
an Anglo Franco American entente; sec
ondly, the United States, Great Britain
and France, if unanimous, could ex-
ercise far mightier influence on that
almost Irresistible force, public opinion,
than could the rest OF the world COM
bined; thirdly, the three countries last
named possess a major part OF the
worlds capital, and by concurrently
Tightening their purse strings could
make it extremely difficult for outsiders
to wage protracted war.
The cohesive and attractive tenden-
cies Of the two existing alliances have
been already demonstrated by the failure
of Emperor WILLIAMS 8 attempt to coun-
terbalance the Anglo-Japanese coalition
by new tripartite league of France,
Germany and Russia. He has found it
impracticable to detach Russia from
France, and it has proved equally i'm
possible to break the entente between
France and England. 1t was on the
face of things unreasonable to suppose
that Russia would abandon her French
ally, in view of the fact that not only
has French capital to the extent Of nearly
two billion dollars been invested in
Russian securities or enterprises, but
French bankers have agreed to take
one-half of the new loan of $500 600 600
which Russia is about to issue, much of
the other half going to Great Britain
and the United States and only frac-
ton to Germany. 1t was no less vision
ary to presume that France could be
prevailed upon to renounce her un-
derstahding with Britain, when but
for Britain's moral support she would
have suffered grave humiliation in con-
necton with the Morocco incident,
and when she relies on Britains friend
ship to avert, by the exercise of influ-
ence at Toxic, the complications that
might be provoked by the breaches of
neutrality imputed by Japan to France
in the recent war. 1t is patent, indeed,
that Russia would have more to gain
by adhering to France-and France
more by adhering to Brtain-than either
or both could hope to secure by joining
hands with Germany. Emperor Will
| LIAM was outbidden.
1t will probably be found before the
next Peace Conference meets at The
Hague that the existence of the Anglo
Japanese alliance, Of the Franco-Russian
| league and OF the Franco British entente
has logically resulted in quadripartite
understanding on the part of four
Powers concerned in those primary
conjunctions. Even without the addi-
ton Of the United States such four
square combination would possess
overwhelming strength in Europe. as