davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1905-05-12
Potato Culture.

II has been ascertained that on
sofl well supplied with humus the
moisture may be conserved even
through a severe drouth and fair
orop of potatoes produced. The great
inheritance OF thorough tillage Is rec
oenized. but it has been demonstrated
that intensive tillags alone Is not SUI
fleient 10 produce large yield oil po-
tatoes. Intensive tillage may be over
done. During a drouth only SO much
tillage is necessary as shall keep the
surface soil loose and thoroughly dfy.
The drier the surface layer OF SOIL
the more slowly will moisture be ae-
sorbed by II from the layers OF SUD
surface soil. Some farmers have
adopted the practice Of narrowing po'
tato land before the plants appear
above the ground. This practice
seems to be wise one and has gen
orally given good results. one ex
perlment station reports that lie use
Of Bordeaux mixture on the potato
nlants In nearly every case resulted ID
an increased yield OF potatoes, even
when blight was not present. and
thorough spraying with this material
Ia recommended as a practice 20 oe
encouraged. A grower says There
il no royal road to success with po
tatoes. Methods of procedure that are
applicable at one season must be mod
fled to meet the requirements OF an
other season. Treatment OF one sol
might be radically wrong when ap
plied 70 another soil. Success VIII %
attained only by q thorough famili
arlty with the plant and It's habits
II growth. and then conditions mus
81 made to meet as completely as pos
slble the requirements Of the plant
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1905-05-12
Polnts On Asparaaus cuIture.

When the asparagus plants come
up in the new bed they should be CIV
en- every opportunity to grow and
make leaf, for the leaves are what
must be depended on to develop root.
The fact that the roots depend on the
top should not be forgotten. Con-
slant pruning Of the top does not in
crease the roots, as some might sup
pose. All the material that goes to
the extension of the roots first goes
into the leaves and is elaborated, that
is, changed into form that can be
used In cell construction. The ground
must be kept free from weeds and
from hard crusts. Every encourage.
ment should be given for the forma-
ton OF top, and this should be con-
tinued till the berries form and turn
red. Then tho tops that have the red
berries should be cut of or the ber-
ries picked of and thrown away. The
berries should not be permitted to
form seed, for that win take much
substance from the roots. Moreover
il the berries are permitted to stay
on the plants they win fall to the
ground when growth is done and the
next year multitudes Of little plants
will start from them. This is the
cause Of many bed running out OF
the stalks getting smaller. There
will, however. be a good many Other
tops than those with berries and these
may be permitted to remain. The
water should not be permitted tc
stand on the asparagus bed bu
should be drained away from it, as
the asparagus plant is very suseepti
BILE to rust and other fungous dis
eases.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1905-05-12
The Crisis with Nursery Trees.

1t is something OF a science to trans
plant trees that have been received
/. m a distant nursery and have them
live. II used to be thought that there
must always be large percentage OF
loss anyway--even under the best con-
ditions. Both the nurserymen and the
planters have now learned that trees
Of all kinds can be handled In way
to insure their living when placed IN
their new locations. A well-packed
tree has its roots kept moist by being
rolled in damp moss and tied up In
bagging. The old scheme of pulling
trees out Of the ground, exposing their
roots and sending them away without
any protection was the cause OF many
a tree proving a failure. When these
trees arrived at tie distant station
they were thrown out on the platform
and left there exposed to the heat OF
the sun and the drying effects OF the
wind. In the course Of time the pur-
chaser drove around and got his con-
signment, perhaps a couple OF days
after their arrival. BY that time their
roots were good and dry. He drove
home and set out his trees in any old
way. Even had he set them In the
best possible way it is altogether like
ly that a good many trees would have
perished owing to the drying out o.
the roots. When large part OF his
trees failed to grow Of course thf
nurseryman was to blame-so the buy
er said. He was right to some extent
in that the trees were sent away witt
roots not properly protected. In SEND
ing trees long or short distances thu
roots and their moisture supply fur
nish the key to the situation. Prope
treatment of the tree from the time !
comes out of the nursery row to tn
time 1t goes into the place assigned Z
1t in the orchard will insure a goo
healthy tree. In setting hundre
OF these there need be no failures.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1905-05-12

Little Things About Incuhators.
There are some things that seem lit
tie in themselves that are of consid-
cradle Importance in the running Of
an incubator. The advice is given not
to buy secondhand incubators. Prob
ably the advice is good, for a second
hand incubator may have been so
badly handled that it will give unsat-
isfactory results in the hands Of a
new user, especially If the new user
be a person that has had no expert
ence with these machines. 1t ls
claimed that incubators, like other
things, wear out. Without doubt this
apparent wearing out is due to the
maladjustment OF the parts or utensils
In the parts. How much warping
and striking has to do with the So
called wearing out Of incubators we
cannot tell. Il is claimed that in the
case Of too much moisture being used
the machines Will warp. This use Of
too much moisture is little thing,
but it must be looked after. It is
mistake to use any but the best kind
Of oil in incubators. A few cents
saved on oil may mean the loss of an
entire hatch. Least Of all does 1t pay
to buy cheap thermometers. There
is little difference in cost between the
good and poor thermometers. We
have seen some Of these articles sent
out from houses for advertising pur-
poses that we're entirely worthless.
One thermometer that we knew Of
seemed to work all right for a few
days, and then dropped down to 40
degrees below zero and staid there.
A thermometer that registers a few
degrees out of the way may result in
large losses Of eggs and time, to say
nothing of the patience OF the poultry
man.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1905-05-12
Law Analnst EaIse RraNds.

False brands of dairy products have
always played large part in frauds
perpetrated in the sale of butter and
cheese. 1t is of interest TO know that
a bill to prevent such practices is now
before the National Congress and
stands good chance to become a
law. It is known as the sherman
Bill" and is for the purpose Of pre-
venting the branding Of butter and
cheese otherwise than from the ter
ritory in which they are made. Thus,
at the present time, "Elgin butter"
comes from all parts of the country.
If any one section Of country builds
up a reputation for good products,
other localities at once begin stealing
that reputation and profting by It.
This is a mean kind of robbery that
needs to be done away with. In the
end it brings into disrepute the
products from all localities, for il
causes doubt as to the value of any
kind Of brand. In New York the
state department has been trying fol
years to execute laws relative to this
matter, but has always found the non
existence Of a national law in this re
gard a great obstacle in its path.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1905-05-12

At the North Dakota Experiment
Station tests with various feeds for
horses led the experimenters to draw
the following conclusions:
1. Bronze hay gave as good results
when fed to work horses as d.d tim
othy hay.
2. Oat straw was satisfactorily
used for feeding horses which did
light work and for those which were
idle. One-fourth more grain was re-
quired to support horses doing light
work when they were fed straw.
8. Barley was not equal to oats in
feeding value per pound, but was
nearly as good. Mules did not relish
barley.
4. Matted barley was not so valu
able for work horses as oats and was
not equal in value to the dry barley
from which it came.
5. Corn fed in connection with oats
in the proportion of 100 pounds o.
corn to 125 pounds of oats, had great
er value than oats; 77.5 pounds O.
corn equaled 100 pounds of oats wher
fed to work horses.
6. Whole wheat fed alone was al
unsatisfactory feed for horses. Whea
ground and mixed with bran in thu
] proportion of two parts of wheat t.
one part of bran by weight gave goot
results.
Z. Bran and shorts mixed in equa
parts by weight, was equal to oats il
feeding value.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1905-05-12
Turkevs with cramped Feet.

From Farmers Review: My young
turkeys have cramped feet. Can you
tell me the cause and remedy for
it?-A Subscriber. Doubt
less the cause is the cold and damp
weather we have been having. Per
haps the poults have been permitted
to lie in damp places and have thus
become afflicted with something after
the nature of rheumatism. We have
had chicks affected that way by the
causes named. In case of chicks we
have found that taking them into the
house where it was warm and dry in
sured a cure in few days. Doubtless
the same will be true Of the poults.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1905-05-12
Tuberculosis a Grave Matter.


The Storrs Experiment Station has
been carrying on for number OF
years some tests with COWS known to
be tuberculous. The results are CIV
en- in bulletin 20, which closes with
the following summary;
The development Of tuberculosis in
the condemned COWS, although slow.
continued gradually, until at the end
Of four years three of the four COWS
were practically worthless, either for
milk production or for beef.
The results Of experiments with
these tuberculous COWS and the use
Of their milk for feeding calves coin
eide with the general results Of Eu-
ropean observations, and indicate that
the danger Of the spread of tuberculo-
sis through the milk of diseased ami
mails is not so great as has often been
supposed. In the earlier stages OF the
disease, and when the udder is not
affected, the danger from the use OF
the milk appears to be limited. But
when the udder Is affected, or when
the disease is so far advanced as to
be indicated by outward signs or
marked physical symptoms, the infec-
tiousness of the milk is increased, and
the danger in using it is greater.
It is not to be understood, however,
that the farmer may neglect any case
Of tuberculosis in his herd that hap
pens TO be not in the advanced stages
or If the udder of the COW is not af
fected AS a matter Of fact, it Is prac
tically impossible for him 10 tell wher
any animal that reacts to tuberculir
may acquire tuberculosis of the I'D
der. There is danger enough in the
fact that the cows may acquire tht
disease from one another at all, NJ
matter how likely or unlikely theI
may be to do so. Therefore, II th'
farmers do not want their dairy in
dustry menaced and perhaps seriousl.
injured by the wider spread Of tuber
culosis among their herds, it is Of th'
utmost Importance that each one us
every effort to free his herd from tn
disease.
Cows should be examined CAREFUL
for physical symptoms of the diseas
and be tested with tuberculin, an
any that respond at all should b
looked upon with suspicion. Whai
ever disposition is finally made c
those that are diseased, they shoul
be kept at all times completely sep;
rated from those that are not, and tn
non-affected animals should be carr
fully watched and be tested wit
tuberculin at least once year. Onl
in this way can new cases be disco
cred In their earlier stages. Unles
the farmers can be brought indivi
ually to appreciate the gravity OF 81
matter to themselves and the menaC
TO their industry, and to take mea
ures for destroying the disease
their own herds, the history Of boviI
tuberculosis in Europe, where in SON
regions the greater portion of Il
a COWS are infected. may easily be r
q peated in this country.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1905-05-12
strenqth of Ancestry.

To have a strong breed Of fowls we
must have birds bred up from strong
ancestors. In our present knowledge
OF the different breeds we cannot tell
lust what the comparisons between
the different breeds are in this re-
spect. Doubtless as time goes on we
will have tests to discover these rela-
tive facts. There is a strong impress
sion that one breed is much stronger
than another breed, but we have no
definite data to back up these rather
vague Impressions. In a small way
we can tell something about the
strength of ancestry in individual
strains. Thus, if we have had in our
fiocks rather weak birds and have
permitted them to reproduce them
selves and have seen the same weak
ness in their progeny we know that
the proper strength is lacking for the
development of proper strain OF val
liable birds. The best we can do Is
to watch these birds and weed them
out Of the Gock. If we cure a sick
bird. that bird should never again be
permitted to lay eggs for Matching
purposes. The very fact that she has
been sick makes it probable that she
lacks In hardness.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1905-05-12

Pasteurized milk In sealed bottles,
prepared and inspected under the di-
rection of the city health department,
will be furnished during the summer
in the congested districts of the
Northwest side, Chicago, by the
Northwestern University Settlement
Five stations in the Sixteenth and
Seventeenth wards will distribute the
milk to tlat and tenement dwellers at
a rate slightly exceeding the price
paid for Ordinary milk. The first de-
livery Win be made within a week.
BY offering cleansed and tested
milk to the residents of the crowded
Polish district the workers in the
university settlement hope to check
the enormous death rate among chill
dren on the Northwest side during the
hot months. The blocks surrounding
the settlement, Noble and Augusta
streets, were found in the investiga-
tion of the City Homes Association two
years ago to be among the most thick
ly settled in the city, and the death
rate is double the general Chicago
rate of mortality.
The milk will be pasteurized in spe-
cially prepared quarters at the settle
ment, and will be sent out to all the
substations each day for distribution
The milk will be inspected twice q
week by the city health department
At first the milk will be sold only al
the stations.
The health conditions in the Polish
district have been such as to urge the
workers in the Northwestern Univer
sity settlement to immediate action
In the crowded neighborhood Of the
upper Seventeenth ward and the low
er Sixteenth, the residents are fal
from a park or a public playground
Lincoln, Humboldt and Union Park.
are all blocks away from the district
None Of the new breathing spots arr
near the crowded quarters Of thu
Poles, and there are no available pub
lie baths. The children live in thu
streets and alleys where grass spoti
are few. The Northwestern Univer
sity settlement looks for no financia
reward in carrying out this plan, bu
will furnish good milk, thorough,
cleansed, at actual cost.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1905-05-12
pasturaoe in porto Rico.

Shipments Of 1900 head of cattle are
made yearly from Porto Rico to Trim
idad, ST. Lucia and Barbados for the
English government, and about 800
head to Martinique and Guadeloupe.
Prices Of s to 10 cents per pound on
the hoof are obtained, less AZ per cent
discount The grazing on the island
is unsurpassed, there being 100000
acres of blue grass Of the finest
growth, equal to the celebrated graz
ing lands of Kentucky. Cattle raising
as an industry can be largely In
creased in Porto Rico, and to great
pecuniary advantage, as the market
is practically unlimited. The demand
from the numerous adjacent islands
alone is far greater than the supply
Porto Rico Agricultural Journal.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1905-05-12
Tomatoes for the cannerles.

1t is evident that the tomato sup
ply is short so far as the canned prod
uct is concerned. A man conversant
with the conditions existing says that
for three years past the market has
not been fully supplied and that 1t
will take most bountiful harvest to
put the market in a normal state.
Last winter canned tomatoes were
actually imported into the United
States from Canada, thing before
unheard Of. Probably the high prices
asked for the canned product Is to
some extent due to the comparatively
short crop Of last year, but 1t does
seem that the supply Of this fruit
would be sufficient for all needs If the
tomatoes that are actually grown
eould be taken care of. There are mil
lions of gardens in this country where
tomatoes go to waste every year be-
cause the owners cannot use them
and there is no sale for them. The
shortage in the supply on the market
in winter is due then to lack OF IA
cilities for using what is actually pro
duced.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1905-05-12
[AlGRICULTUREl
~, nAh N[61Sa.
Feed MIIls and wIndmIlIs.

Prof. King Of the Wisconsin station
has made a study of the effectiveness
OF various feed mills found on the
market, when driven by windmills and
gas engines, and Of the cost Of grind
ing feed. With one Of the most effect
i've combinations of windmill and feed
mill the rate Of grinding was about
25 bushels per hour with a wind ve-
loeity of 31.8 miles, the meal being a
little coarser than medium Corn
and oats were ground at the rate OF
41O.3 pounds per hour with the wind
at 26.48 miles. With wind velocity
Of 2G.67 miles oats we're ground at the
rate of about SIS bushels per hour, and
rye at the rate of 1886 bushels with
the wind 25.35 miles. The rye was
ground little finer than medium
and the oats a little coarser-
Under Wisconsin conditions there
are on the average from October to
May ] Of each year "S7 days when 9
man could attend the mill and grind
ten hours with a wind velocity mol
less than is miles per hour, and much
Of the time higher than this. He
should therefore be able to grind more
than 46 bushels per day and on the
average more than 100 bushels pei
week. The 81 grinding days during
the seven months places the grinding
d..ys, on the average. more than tw'
per week, and II 1t is supposed ina
this is twice too high It would SUI
be possible on the average TO take ad
vantage Of high winds during TN
working hours and grind about D.
bushels OF corn or $500 pounds, pc
week. Counting the mans time wh
tends the mill 81 per day, the cost 0
grinding would be only about ~
cents per hundredweight-"
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1905-05-12
Fruit In Michigan.

According to reports. the Michigan
fruit crop is going to be good one,
taking all things together. Some
Iyirds win be short, but the aggregate
win be good. Peaches promise less
thsn any Of the other fruits, and are
estimated at two-thirds Of normal
crop. This in reality is good crop,
for there are no years when all locali-
ties have normal crops. Cherries seem
to lead the list in promise of yield
Apples come next and will without
doubt be very fine crop, condition
that will be welcomed both by the ap
bic growers and by the multitudes ol
consumers that have been going with
out apples for several months. Pears
also promise well, as do plums and
small fruits.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1905-05-12
Place for fhe Incubator.

-
Under most circumstances a small
building out of doors is the best place
in which to locate the incubator dur
ing the time 1t Is to be in operation.
This place is necessary as sa1e-
guard against fire. There might pc
times when it would be more adyan-
tageously located in the house were
1t not for the danger from fire. the
objection to an outer building, how
ever, lies in the fact that the temper
ature is very changeable unless the
building is exceptionally well built.
Where a good many chicks are to be
raised or where several incubators
are to be kept in service for some
months at a time building construct
ed partly below ground is best. We
have seen such houses that had been
constructed at a moderate cost. The
lower walls went five or six feet be-
low the surface of the ground, and
consisted of concrete to the thick
ness of foot or more. In such cases
the floor was of concrete and the sec
ond floor Of boards was only shor'
distance above the ground. The up
per portion of such building can bs
used for the storage of food and the
like. The lower part, in which ar'
placed the incubators, can be kept a
very even temperature. The cellar
Of the residence is hardly the plac'
for incubators, on account OF thu
dampness of the cellars as ordinaril.
constructed, and the danger OF fire.
| above mentioned.
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1905-05-12

A report by the Secretary OF Agrl.
culture of Michigan says: The average
monthly wages. with board, In the
southern counties is s2035, in the CEN
tral counties S19.S2. in the northern
counties s20.27, and in the state
5000. The average wages by the
day, without board, in the southern
counties is $1.21, in the central coun.
ties s1.2O. in the northern counties
$1.29, and in the state s1.22. The
average wages by the month last year,
with board, was, in the state S1S.34.
and the average wages by the day.
without board, was, in the state $116.
Many correspondents report that farm
laborers are very scarce, which is in
dicated by the continued rise in
wages
The Chickasha daily express. (Chickasha, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1899-current, 1905-05-12
Chicago Milk Campaign.

Again the milk inspectors of Chi.
cago have begun an active campaign
against waterers and skimmers OF
milk In the past the spasmodic ef-
forts Of the milk inspection depart
ment have resulted only in spasmodic
indications Of virtue among the vend-
ers of milk. The present effort will
doubtless result the same way. The
trouble is not with the milk inspec-
tors but in the conditions that make
1t impossible to keep at work enough
inspectors to thoroughly do the work
belonging to their Office. All kinds OF
tricks are worked against the inspec-
tors. One of the most common ones
is to label all of the milk "skim"
whether it be whole or SKINNED milk.
Then the dealers sell the milk that
has been robbed of a part of its cream
as good" milk, by which the CUSTOM
ers understand milk that has not
been skinned" When the inspector
comes along he finds the cans all la
beled skim" milk and so the man
that has been really selling skinned
milk for whole milk is beyond prose-
cution. To the present time no check
seems to have been found on this
trick. Some have proposed that law
be passed to prevent the sale of skim
milk except In considerable Quanti-
ties, but this would certainly initiate
against both the producers and the
consumers of milk. A considerable
number of milk dealers are being pros
ecuted and their names published in
the papers, and this is expected to
have a salutary effect.
1T i.