davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
La democracia. (Ponce, P.R.) 1890-1948, 1905-02-07

sioOS vohotO@s 0V1 AVe w W.
"a situaci6n 6nauciera muy embrolls-
da los designs como una press facil.
Y esos individuos son los que com
ponen 10 famoss troera cdmara que ig-
moran las Constltuciones, pero que no
por este deia de ser IN 6rgano impor-
tante, & veces ell mas importante de los
gobiernos de los Estados, cuyos miem.
bros tienen por deber, segdn 10 pinto
resca dsfnici6n de un escritor amsri.
cano, que Ia ha aprovechado para
cuadro de n de q de sus ~novelas
(HAMLIN GARLAND. Ella tercerQ CT,
maro:s) suntar cebo & las ruedas de la
Legislation, 6 10 q. viene q ser 10 mismo,
ilustrsr q los representatives del pafs.s
<Nuestra corruption polftlcs, dice
un americana (Ner- York Herald, 8 de
Noviembre 1904, es un sistema, una
costumbre regu'arnente estah'ecida
en- el pals. Nuestros iefss polfsicos
son %comprados para conducir ell 60
bierno de la ciudad, del Estsdo, de 10
nsci6n, no por intereI CT min, sim"
para los especia!es 'nteres's de los
negocios ~particulares.s Y este hecho
| adquiere tod gu inportancia, 81 Sc
averiguan los laos que unen l&s cor
poraciones y los fruits, y solid arizan
sus intereses. Una publication recien-
to fla 60 mas de % millones de pesos
Ia capitalization total de los trusts
industriales, compahfas ferroviarias.
s~ociedades explotadoras de concesio-
nes muuicipa'es 8 &c Fstadc, que
| dominan la vida ecUu6mica dc los
Estados Unidos Lincoln Stebens, The
enemies Of the rpublic:) sigieudo las
mdltiples r~&mifcaciones que los H.
gan eutre Il. COMP eudese ensegui'
da QUO SO dividen en- dos graudes
grupos: uuo, 81 mas imp. rtalte, so.
metilo 4 la iDfuencia del Standard
oil trust, precursor de los trust, Ell mas
considerable de todos, Instruments del
poder de- Juhu D Rockefeller; el otru
sometido a Mr.. Pierpont Morgan. Jun
to & estos se desarrollan, bajo la di
recci6n de William K Vanderbilt, de
George Goald, de Eduard Hartmann
etc, ttros grupos que les estan unidos
| Dor una e,trech =. comuuidad de int
reses.
estus pocosh mbres, u los in
med iatos que les rodean, personitican
los Sgraude utguci0sS a%mericanos. La
iohuencia.q 30 e%jvlcen soble In polfsics,
g~racias q la conuiv, ncih de LIS p0tW
claus, pre-. cdpa con rzjn d | a opinion
pdblicA,
Fat .lmente, nccesariamente aun,
81 acci6n tieLe por guiA lr'ncipal ell
inter6s de los negocioS que dirigen, y
del resnltado de los cuales son respon-
sables ante ell tdbNico. FL interes de
los <oegocios, es, a sus oios, superior
al ipter6s nucioual. Para peliar los
peligros de semejante situaCDn, ell pue-
bio americana tendra que romper Ia
estrecha aliarza que q actualmente
los enegocios, y ID politica, y arran'
car a los politicians de profession oil pa
pei del que, por pegligencia, ha deja
do que Sc posesiOnen.
ARCHlLLE NIALLATE
La democracia. (Ponce, P.R.) 1890-1948, 1905-02-07
Los NEG0COS LA POuT1CA EN-
LOS ESTADOS-UN|DOS


& menudo & Ia APPLICATION de comprC-
misos NAL traidos; no ofrec1an min
gun attractive q estos hombrss de &C
ci6n, hAbituados q obrar con-toda 10:
depeudencia, 4 asumir & ca1a instan'
to ell peso de graves responsabilida
des, no e xperimentaban placer sine
OBSERVATION-DISCLOSURES, dssarrollando sus
negocios, q fn de adquirir en- ell ramo
} n que eran specialists, una supre-
nacia incontestable. Satisfacc On Or
tullosa, que les %procuraba como re.
,ompensa los cuidados de una lucha
lueva para defender, q penas adqui
rida, esta supremacia contra las am
blciones do rivales intrepidos, y para
destronarlos.
SEs cl1a vez mas diflcil actual
mente, -escribe un americana, Mr..
Edwin L G5dkjn, -obtener 10 hombre
qua tonga un conocimiento serio sobre
clalquier m stsrla que acepte IN pues-
to EN- el CJogreso, 81 tiene otras ocu.
pacioaes y otros recursos de fortuna.
Lograr de 81 que furme parte de la lie
gislatlra del Estado, en- los Estados
mis- ricos y mis- %pobla1os, es imposi-
BILE. R,sulta de clio que las funciones
polfsicas del pals no o llenadas en-
las legislatures de los Estsdos sino
por hombres i~nferiores,. EDWIN L.
GoDElN; Unforeseen teadaacteS Of demo.
cfacy J
La democracia. (Ponce, P.R.) 1890-1948, 1905-02-07

DJedos de las asambleas munici-
pa'es, de las legislatures de los Esta-
dos, los Politicians disponen q su gusto
de- las concesiones necesarias para
asegurar la eX plotaci6n de los servl-
clos %pdbllcos: servicios de aqua, de
alumbra1o, de transportes en- GONNA.
Legislaron para la reglams ntaclon de
las empresas ~privadas. A elias, por
Gltimo, pertenece ell cuidado de elabo-
rar la legislation fiscal. Tlenen pues
en- su poder numerosos medios de res
tringir ida exten Ter la |ibertld de La
q presas, lie linitAr o ~acreceutar sus
beneaclos; pueden obiigar q los HON
bres de negocios q que les rindan
tribute.
LIS c)ntrlbucloues de las grandes
corpOraciones, que Sc hallan basadas,
sobre Ia cifra de sus propiedsdes 6 de
sus entradas, pueden eltYarse a gust"
de los evaluadores, 6, en- el case de
las companlas de alunbrado 6 de 70
rrocarriles, u cargas pueden ser ali.
geradas. FL mDdD flv0rtto de reducir
por complete as companies de seguros
es ordenar un exsmen de su active,
que Sc hace q eXpensas de la Cnmpa.
MIA, y resulta tan costoso, que las
Companies pretisren, a fin de evitarlo,
someterse q una contribution volunta.
ria. (Edria L. G0akin) En w de
so steiner una luch9 prolougaia y, des.
pues de TODD, i~ncierta, contra los po-
liticians, los hombres de negocios ha.
Han Ia %econ6mico y mas cort0 tratar
con ellos. Y vieudo Guam fScil era
veneer la resistencia, en- ocasiones le-
jitima, & manudo interesada, de los
Iegisladores, es~forzaronse en- obtener
~ponieadole precio, Il voto de las me-
didas faVorables 4 sus intereses.
Eu torno de las grandes leglslatu-
ras, de las de los grandes Estados prin-
cipslmsnte, y de las Asambless NUM-
cipales de las grandes ciudades, vive
y opera un personal especial los
lobbySteS, 8 personsjes de bastidores,
segGu Sc les desigua, cor expressive
nombre en- la gerga politlcs america
IA ~abogados, agentes de negocios,
anliguos Legislatures hssta muieres
Sc cuentan entire ellos, y no son por
cierto las menos h<biles. Estos iudi.
viduos Sc italian al corriente de los
trabaj rs parlamantarios ; siguen los
progresses del bill que les interesa &
traves de las numsrosas etapas que
debe r%ecorrer, antes de llsgar & ser
ley ; q ingenian para assgurarse ell
udmero de vutos necessrios para hA-
cerlO adoptar 8 rechAzarlo, segdn Ell
de aquelloS para Quisnss ope.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1905-11-26

were compelled to take clothing and household furniture to the pawnshops to purchase food and seed for the next har- vest Unfortunately the crop of 1S46 was a total failure, and absolute ruin and starvation threatened the whole popula- ton. The government was slow in talk ing adequate relief measures, and great numbers died for want of food and from disease caused by lack of ppoper susten- ance. Several million dollars were raised by private subscription, and the govern ment contracted loan of aS.00000O to supply the wants of the suffering peo- pie. When the full extent of the calam- ity was realized the British government and people did everything possible. and large sums of money and shiploads of pro- visions were sent from this country At one time three million Irish people were receiving rations. A million and half of people died of starvation or disease
 The Indian famine of 1S96-97 was the most severe ever known in that famine afflicted country The great famine of 1877 affected 257.000 square miles and 5s.- GOO. 900 persons. That of 1897 affected 322,- GOO square miles and 6s000.000 persons. The highest number receiving relief in 1877 was 317S,00O while in 1897 more than 4500,- 900 were being aided during the month of June,
The Birmingham age-herald., 1905-11-26
Postal Service at St. kiIda.
l the London Sketch

From the London Sketch.
 The Island of St Kilda lies about fif- teen miles to the westward of Scotland, and it is without regular mail communi- cation of any kind, the only connection being by means of an occasional trading steamer, which goes in spring and au- tumn to take off some of the products of the island
 When they wish 10 communicate with their friends in Scotland or elsewhere the St Kildans are obliged to resort to Q floating mail bag. which consists of a sheepskin buoy plugged with piece of wood, and attached thereto a label on which Is roughly cut the inscription, "St. Kilda Mail Please Open" Inside the buoy Is placed a tin canister containing the letters.
 The last "mail' was sent off from St. Kilda on June 21 last an drifted to Shetland in two months and one day. It contained two letters and eight post cards, which were duly forwarded to their des- tination from Lerwick postoffice. The ad- dresses on two of the post cards were almost obliterated through damp. The sum of Is was inclosed for postage of the missives. It appears that three sim liar mails" were sent off from the Is land on the same day, but only one, so far as Is known has been picked up.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1905-11-26
LIVING IN VENICE.
Formidable Servant Problem Loses
 Some of It's Terrors.

M H. Worse in The Pilgrim.
 The general impression is that life in the United States cost more than else where. Speaking generally, you could say that rent in the city for good apart ments cost less in Europe. Service also costs less, while light and fuel cost much more. The cost of food in Venice and in other parts of Italy as compared with the cost of food with us may be summed up as follows: What with us are lux uries are cheaper in Italy, what with us are necessities are dearer. Fillets of beef, the best cuts of roasts. sweetbreads, game, etc., are all cheaper, the poorer cuts of meat are dearer. The best chops, for instance, are 15 cents a pound. and the cheapest stew meat of mutton F or 13 cents. Nor do these figures tell the whole story, for the meat Is trimmed very much closer. to the advantage of the buyer or the finer cuts.
 The prices of fish vary more than with us, and are much more fuctuating than meat. The poorer yenetians. of course. are able to buy fish at a price much be-
The Birmingham age-herald., 1905-11-26

tory amounts to from $30 to $50 week.
 A German cafe has introduced an auto matic billiard table. The players drop a coin in a slot, balls are produced from hidden pockets, at the end of a quarter of an hour they disappear from the sur face of the table,
 Russia is famed for the manufacture of great bells. The Giant cast in Mos COW in the sixteenth century weighed nearly 320,000 pounds and required twenty four men to ring 1t. In l7S2 fl fell. but its fragments were recast along with oth- CT metal into a bell which weighed 443.- GOO pounds, the metal of which alone is valued at $3O0,000.
 A Lancashire mechanic named Dennis Flanaghan has perfected a sewing ma chine which will sew direct from two reels of thread doing away with the compli- cated mechanism of the machine now commonly in use. Because of it's simplic- fly of construction, the new machine is expected to sell at a lower price than is now asked for the ordinary kind
The Birmingham age-herald., 1905-11-26
THINGS TO KNOW

Athens, Greece is to have an elevated railroad.
 The earth's bulk is 259 9974,o 4,oS5,515 cubic miles.
 Radium is worth three thousand times it's weight in pure gold.
 Vermont was the first state to abolish slavery within its borders
 Hurrah or lluzzah is the oldest and most common exclamation in all languages.
 In Scotland a landlord gives his tenent notice to leave by chalking the door.
 The maintenance of the White House, all told, costs the American people $125,OO0 year.
 Physicians declare that cancer thrives in communities where the most beer and cider are consumed.
 Birmingham, England produces from 5000, 900 to 100000 gross of steel pens year
 New Mexico has a great desert, thirty miles long and ten miles wide, of glisten- ing white gypsum.
 A German inventor has perfected a ma chine for Altering lubrueating oil, making possible It's use over and over.
 Belgian female workers on handmade lace receive from 20 to 30 cents for uay WOfk or rom lz to 10 HOuTs
 Raw silk constitutes B per cent of China's exports The annual value of cocoons produced in Chekiang province alone is estimated at s2,5Oo,OO0.
 Shoes are purchased In the United States at S. 50 a pair and shipped to Mex ico, where they are sold at from $l2 to sl5 a pair Mexican money.
 The treasure cost of wars from the Crimean war in 1857 to 1879 amounted to f0 nG MAJ fa aa G4r ffrf taat son in the world.
 It costs the government about 30 cents a day to feed each e-jacket on Uncle Sams ships of war
 The Geneva Bible is also termed the "Breeches' Bible. from the peculiar rem dering of Gen. Ill, ': Made themselves brooches out of fig leaves"
 In 1876 there was but one bank of im- portance in Mexico. Today there are thir- ty-three banks under government control. having a combined capital of s100.000000.
 Nearly 400 men are employed in the manufacture of Uncle Sans big twelve inch guns These war machines have maximum limit of about 300 hrings.
 The nick name of Dinner Bell" was be- slowed upon Burke because of his long and badly delivered speeches. which were so often interrupted by members of par liament leaving to go to dinner.
 Cuban cigarmakers each contribute about 15 cents a week to a fund which is used to employ readers during working hours. readers salary in large fac
The Birmingham age-herald., 1905-11-26
GOOD CHAUFFEUR FINDS
 TT EASY TO GET A JOB
From the New York Times.

From the New York Times.
 N, o good chauffeur need be in fear
 N of his job for the next twenty years" remarked one of the offi- cers of the Automobile club of America in a recent discussion upon the new methods in the training of drivers. "The demand now cannot be supplied, and balance will not be struck Tor a long time Don't forget that the era of the commer- cial car is yet to come. We are working toward it slowly, but every improvement marks big step in advance, and within a few years l predict you will see all the trucking and delivery bushes done by motor vehicles.
 E. T. Bridsall, one of the technical members of the racing board of the Amer lean Automobile association. Is on ardent believer in the future popularity of the commercial motor car. He knows some thing of the difficulties in making chauf- feurs and the influence they can exert for good or for i'll upon the career of a car.
 Like everything else" said Mir. Bird sall" the best chauffeurs are born. You can train man just so far and he will be all the better for 1t. but he must pos sess the peculiar personal aptitude for the business II ne hopes to fdnk dnloHB the first-class drivers, that is. those who are absolutely reliable, so far as is possi- ble fin human nature.
 '|rhe good. reliable chauffeur Is one who can drive any car. and drive it well. who has no accidents. who is quick to act In an emergency, and who always has his car ready. That Is requiring good deal, I admit. and if you were to ask me how many men of that stamp l know of In New York l would tell you perhaps ten or twelve.
 "Of course. these may be called the bright, exceptional cases. but there is no reason why hundreds of others ought not to be fin the same class. Common sense and knowledge of a few mechanical things are really all that is needed to be a good chauffeur. IL is not necessary to be an expert mechanic. Comparatively few things happen to a good car. and these are repeated in all of the best makes. If a chauffeur understands what causes these troubles and knows instantly how to remedy them. he must have pretty thor ough knoweldge of the complete mechsn- ism and be trusted to tackle some unusual difficulty when 1t breaks out We had the automobile first, and now we are trying to train up competent men to manage them. The chauffeur was un-
The Birmingham age-herald., 1905-11-26

low that which the foreigner must pay. As far as our experience went. only the very best poultry Is procurable in Venice; the tough and venerable rooster never appears in the market and the fowls are all dry-picked, and never kept on ice. This poultry costs or cents less pound than poultry of the correspond ing grade at home. But there are no cheap meats, such as corned beef, or spareribs, or pigs heads-dear to the poor housekeeper of New York or New England. The consequence Is that the poorer Venetian rarely eats meat at all Neither does he buy refined salt, the tax of the government Is so high that he contents himself with rock salt. Flour is dearer, so is corn meal, coffee and tea, while sugar costs IS cents a pound. Tie fruit supply of Italy is superb, but the making of preserves, either by house. keepers or factories, Is rare on account of the absurdly high price of sugar. But ter is 30 cents a. pound. On the other hand. fruit and vegetables are cheap. There are in the market a great variety of dried peas, beans and lentls which are nutritious and which you may be sure. the Venetian knows how to use In spite of the greater cost of so many foods in Venice, you can set as good a table there as you would at home for a smaller sum, and that you are able to do so is because of the economical hand to-mouth way of marketing. the economi- cal habits of your Italian cook, and also that the average cook in the north of Italy Is a far better cook than the aver age cook at home.
 As to the other items in our budget: Maria Immaccolata is well paid in Ven ice with s5 month. You can get a man cook for BIO, and an inside man for ss. Venetian families frequently pay their gondoliers only 50 cents a day without food: an excellent seamstress may be had for 30 cents a day and her meals
The Birmingham age-herald., 1905-11-26
Long Wait of Patient Lovers.

From the London Daily Express.
 A romantic wedding, which for many years had been delayed, owing to a wo- mans promise, took place at Sowerby, near Thirsk. in the North Riding of York shire yesterday.
 . For nearly quarter of century the bride had acted as confidante and house. keeper to maiden lady who possessed considerable means. Many years ago the housekeeper met a gardener, and was woed by him with success.
 But the housekeeper had promised her mistress to stay with her until she died, and so the love story became one of pa- tient waiting.
 Three or four weeks ago the mistress died in her ninetieth year. leaving to her faithful housekeeper her house, plate and furniture, as well as f1000 in money.
 Many messages of congratulation reached the bride and bridegroom yester- day from friends who knew the story of their courtship.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1905-11-26

known a few years ago. Any one who was dIsgusted with his old business or who wanted to. try something new had an Idea that running an automobile was an easy and profitable job. Hence we got lot of poor men, accidents multi piled, the public rose in indignation. and owners became tired of constantly paying out money for repairs. The automobile industry Is still feeting these baneful effects. Automobile schools that are now being established all over the country are doing more to correct those primitive evils than anything else. These schools also emphasize the moral side of chauf- feur's duties. something fully as valuable in it's way as the eductional instruction imparted through lectures and mechanical work.''
 MT Birdsall is an ardent advocate of plenty of driving lessons in the school training He would also have the begin ner learn to study his machine by his ears as much as by his hands. By list ening to the car and noting the different noises one may be able to detect frnme- diately any flaw in the perfect running of the mechanism. This knowledge of tho car by the sound can only be acquired by long experience on the road, but it Is valuable point and one to which few drivers have yet given much attention.
 new field that gives promise of de-
  near future is that of foreman of com mercial vehicle drivers. It is not abso- lutey new. for there are several fore- men of commercial car garages now, but as the commercial vehicle becomes more popular there will be increasing demands for competent chauffeurs and mechanics to take charge of eight or ten cars with their drivers. High-class men will be re- quired for these places, and 1t is signih- cant of the growing tendency in this direction to note that applications have already been received by the managers of the Young Mems Christian association school here. well as by other schools, asking for men who are qualified to take positions as foremen. Drivers of commer- cial vehicles will not receive so high a salary as the men who pilot the power full 40-horse power touring vehicles. From SIP to sl5 a week will be the ordinary rate for a chauffeur of a commercial car. while the man who knows how to handle the more complex and speeder pleasure vehicle will command double that price and have no difficult in betting it.
 -------s------
The Birmingham age-herald., 1905-11-26
NUMBER OF PEOPLE WHO
 DIED IN GREAT FAMINES

It has Been calculated that more than last summer, says the New York Herald. The famine was due to the drouth. Hor- rifying as are these figures the Spanish mortality occupies an unimportant place in the record of the worlds great famihes.
 In the great famine in India in 1769-70 B,0O0,000 people are supposed to have per ished. and 100000 died in the famine of 1866. In 1873 the rice crop in the district of Behar, in northwestern Bengal yield ed only a quarter of the average har- vest, and as 15,000,000 people were depend ent on this crop for sustenance, the gov ernment was obliged to make purchases of rice, chiefly in farther India, and pro- vide means of conveying 1t to the dis tricts, including the building of railway forty-five miles long. For a long time S., 0O0,000 persons received daily support, either in aims. in work or in loans. This relief was continued from October, 1873. till December. 1874. In this way, the gov ernnent expended 100000. Donations also. amounting to over million dollars, were contributed by private subscription. In this way the death rate was kept down to only twenty-five persons.
 In 1876 both of the monsoons failed to bring their due supply of rain, and the season of 1877 was litle better. The con- sequences of this prolonged drouth, which extended from the Deccan to Cape Com urin and subsequently invaded northern India, were more disastrous than any similar calamity up to that time since the introduction of British rule. Notwith- standing unparalleled importations of grain by sea and rail, and despite the most strenuous exertions of the govern ment, which expended about s55, ,0O0,0 ,00O for the purpose, the loss of life from actual starvation and it's attendant train of dis eases and want in the distressed tracts, in excess of the normal mortality, for two years, 1S76-7s, is estimated to have raised the death rate by 40 per cent. or 6.250,000.
 Great famines have occurred in Per- eia in recent years, and Russia has had many during the past century, but the most terrible famine in recent times was the Irish famine of 1S45-47. It was caused by the loss of the potato crop. Ireland had at that time population of about eight and a half millions, and 1t was largely dependent upon the potato crop.
 The crop of 1S45 was a partial failure, and the peasantry, who had no surplus food of former harvests to fall back upon,
The Birmingham age-herald., 1905-11-26
Church Saved From the Sands.

From the London Daily Express
 The ancient church of St. Piran Corn walD. which was recently discovered in the sands at Perran, is about to be re- stored.
 The church stands near an ancient town of Cornwall. long since lost in the sands, and Is considered to be by far the oldest in the country.
The Birmingham age-herald., 1905-11-26

All forms of scrofula, salt rheum and eczema are cured by Hoods Sarss pariila, the blood purifier.