davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Okolona messenger., 1905-05-17

Little oak boxes are placed on some
Of the tOmbstones in Paris, aud their
purpose is for receiving the cards of
those who visit the graves, that the
friends OF the deceased may know who
else holds the departed in loving re-
membrance.
When q man utters a falsehood
you naturally feel shocked, but after
he has told you the second one 1t
leaves a"pair- o-hes-ed' effect.
Memphis boasts that it's streets will
be swept by convicts, while Oklahoma
sorrowfully proclasms the fact its
streets are being swept by cyclones.
President Roosevelt's sport in the
West, however, does not seem 30
strenuous TO the city dweller engaged
In the excited pursuit Of fat hunting.
'Take all the money that Rookie
fellow offers-he has had it long
enough,n is the advice Of the VIII
liamsburg Journal Tribune.
Rojestvensky is 10th to take French
leave Of French neutrality and there
AOEC hANob buo WuEAu a dltA ldEcMbAl
continuous performance.
You can always convince a woman
that the hat she is wearing looks
better on her than If some other
woman was wearing it.
Life can often be compared as a bat
tie in which courtship is the engage
ments, the proposal the assault, and
matrimony the victory.
A Chicago Judge granted three di-
vorcss In nine minutes the other day,
which is about four seconds ahead Of
st. Louis.
It's a pretty good idea to expect
nothing from the man who is always
promising 30 much.
It is said the man who invented
alcohol died nine hundred years ago,
but his spirit still lives.
Three strikes and out goes all right
at baseball parks, but it won't work
in Chicago.
There are enough indicted senators
in Washington to organize q special
committee.
Okolona messenger., 1905-05-17
FOR BOYS AND GIRLS |
Free, Free ! Free !!
For Getting Subscribers for the
Kansas City Weekly Journal.
OFFER TO BOYS.
OFFER TO BOYS.

Any boy VITO win secure ten new
subscriptions for The Kansas City
Weekly Journal at % cents per year
each, making total Of $3.50, and win
send the full amountto us together with
the names and addresses, We will mail
to his address postage prepaid a beau
tiful watch called sThe Pride" Des-
crlption as follows:
The"Pride," a model 16 size stem set
stem wind, level escapement watch
with nickel finished movements. The
case is finished in nickel, engine turned
with shield design in center, and is fully
guaranteed for one year under ordina-
usage.
Valentine Democrat. (Valentine, Neb.) 1900-1930, 1905-10-19
MOVING THE CROPS.
A Problem of Astounding Magnitude
to the Railroads.


This is the season of the year when
american railroads are taxed to their
utmost, for the autumn days are the
time when the crops are moved. Few
realize the extent of the railroad
mans problem, yet some idea of its
magnitude may be gained from
statement Of the value Of the coun-
try's agricultural products. This year
the grain crops will approximate $4,-
OOo,OOOOOO in value, a sum four times
that of the national debt, and suffi-
cient to give every man, woman and
child in the country $50. Two-thirds
of this crop will be fed to live stock
or moved to mills by wagons in the
districts in which it is grown, but the
remaining third will travel to every
part of the world, and it is in the NOV
ing of this part that the railroad man
finds his great task.
This year will see crops of such size
that that part which comes to the
railroad will aggregate 100000 car
loads Of freight, for the moving Of
which at one time nearly $4,000 loco
motives would be required. These cars
and locomotives, if placed in single
train. would reach half way around
the world. and since the supply of
freight cars in the country is only a
trifle in excess of 100000, with some
thing like 1900 locomotives, one may
Imagine the worries of the railroad man
ii moving single item of freight
amounting in volume to nearly the total
capacity of the rolling stock of all the
countrys railroads To the railroad man
1t is a game of chess played on a board
5000 miles square, with freight trains
for pieces to be moved hither and thither
in hundred-mile jumps.
The movement of grain each year is to
the railroad what the conduct Of the
campaign is to the general. Each de-
ponds during the early stages upon the
reports Of his scouts. Those of the rail-
road company form a large corps of eX
pcrtS, who travel throughout the coun
try. estimating as closely as possible the
probable grain tonnage of each district
and the number of cars necessary for its
transportation Basing its plans upon
these figures. the railroad makes ready to
concentrate cars at points of need just as
the general concentrates his men.
The idea of the railroad mans mind
is to get the cars to tie region of the
central west at any cost. Expense is
almost a forgotten item. Every one,
from the general traffic manager down
ia even the station agent, receives gen
eral orders as to the disposition of all
ears. They are begged, borrowed and
hought-in fact. procured in every
possible way. Agents in their efforts
to serve the farmers have been known to
steal trains Of 'empties' in order that
the grain movement of their particular
districts might be facilitated.
Valentine Democrat. (Valentine, Neb.) 1900-1930, 1905-10-19
Ducks Have No Crops.

1t will be surprise to learn that tn
duck has no crop, like other domestic
fowls. The food passes directly from
the throat into large, roomy duct
which opens directly into the gizzard.
For this reason ducks need soft food,
and when fed such food it is quite
necessary for tnem to have water
where they can drink when the food
refuses to pass down the passage
which takes the place Of a crop. 1t
Is also for this reason that sand is
mixed with their feed, which passes
through into the gizzard and aids
grinding. Ducks are fond Of all kinds
Of green food and vegetables. They
are fond Of potatoes when they are
prepared In such manner that they
can easily eat them. Bran forms the
bulk of the feed usually employed In
feeding ducks when kept in confne
ment
Valentine Democrat. (Valentine, Neb.) 1900-1930, 1905-10-19
THlN.~iix1 OUT The CITIES.
i:I.ral Delivery, Which Is Expensive,
Has That Effect.

Rura, free delivery seems destined to
entail Il cost Of $6O,Q00,OOO a year to
the government, writes a Washington
correspondent. Legislators are not wor-
rieI over the necessity of .appropriating
this enormous sum, however, since they
think that rural delivery tends to thin
ont the population Of the cities. Any
scheme that works to this end they be-
leve is worth investing government
money in.
Senators and Representatives of States
having large cities look upon this vast
appropriation for rural delivery as an in
Justice to their constituents. They in
siSt that reasonable division of postal
revenues shall go for pneumatic tubes
and other facilities for quickening the
mail service for the congested centers. A
single building in New York City con-
tains 300 persons during the working
day, and they are nearly all letter writ
ers. Their average use of the postal
service probably equals that of $1,000
people in the rural counties. 1t is neces
sary to make 33 collections a day in
some of the New York buildings to get
the accommodating mail out of the way.
a rural route, has to exert himself to
the utmost to count in 100 families which
could be served in a ride of "a miles.
There are hundreds of routes in opera
ton to-day for the accommodation of a
much smaller number of households, and
in making rural delivery universal. with
in limits of practicability, which is now
the aim of Congress and of the depart
melt it will be necessary to include a
great many routes Of considerably less
than 100 families. 1t is generally agreed
that rural delivery does not pay" but
this is consideration over which the
American people lose little sleep. They
like an efficient postal establishment, and
they intend to fight for it.
The rural delivery service should be
as near complete as, with constantly
increasing population, it will ever be,
by 1910. To-day there are in operation
81. 1856 rural routes. which cover nearly
100000 square miles. 1t is estimated
that it will take about $4,000 additional
carriers to cover the available territory
not now supplied, which amounts to
100000 square miles. When the ser
vice reaches its limit it will cost $780,
0Q1, 900 per year.
Valentine Democrat. (Valentine, Neb.) 1900-1930, 1905-10-19
Feeding Hogs.

A hog fed at fair profit until ls
reaches 200 pounds will give less profit
with each additional pound. and .
point can be reached at which further
feeding can be done only at loss. A
reliable authority says that q certain
amount of food being required to
make a gain on hog of 80 pounds,
1t will require 4 per cent more food
with hog of 10 pounds to make the
same gain, II per cent more with
one OF 125 pounds, 80 per cent moro
on hogs of 30 pounds, and 30 per
cent more on those weighing 32j
pounds. The tests upon which thess
figures are based were not official, but
it is well-known fact that with in
crease Of age more feed Is required to
effect a gain than at earlier age. But
the light weights, those under 200
pounds, cannot be so well handled at
packeries, and hence those who are
feeding for market should bring them
TO that weight smooth and well finish
ed. At less weight or in bad cOndl-
ton, it will be found that the discrim-
ination against them is strong, so that
it will always be best economy to
bring them to the most rigid require
mentS of the gricultura
Epitomist
Valentine Democrat. (Valentine, Neb.) 1900-1930, 1905-10-19
Odds and Ends,

The value of the British crown Jew
els is estimated to be about 100000
When the sparrowhawk is swooping
down on its prey it cleaves space at
the speed of $50 miles an hour.
In 1000 eases of the morphine habit
collected from all parts Of the world,
the ne .ical profession constituted 40
per cent o. the number
MalodoroCS automobile and motor
cycles are not allowed at Pontresina,
the fashionable Swiss asCrt.
Two missionaries from Afghanistan
have arrived III Liverpool. Their in
tention is 10 convert England to Is
lam.
enc of tie fertile German manu-
factursrs has put upon the market
substance called gastromyXin, which
has tie virtue Of increasing the nat
ural yield of the pepsin in the stom-
och.
Valentine Democrat. (Valentine, Neb.) 1900-1930, 1905-10-19
New Apron for Milking.


The average man on the farm does
all sorts Of work, hence his clothing
Is generally full Of odors which, as
they would be absorbed by the milk,
makes 1t desirable that he be dressed
especially for the work while milking
A new idea for milking apron Is here
given with exact Dimensions for the
man Of average build. This apron Is
ffty-two inches down the center Of the
front; one-half Of top in front, seven
inches; one-half Of hip measure, TWEEN
ty-ive inches; length of extension at
back, thirteen inches; suspender, thirty
inches. Leg at lower edge IA inches
wide. To make the apron cut 1t from
blue denim or heavy unbleached mus
lin, with center of front on fold of
goods and piece out the extra width
on sides. Slit the center of front to
within twelve inches of the waistiine,
being careful not to get this slit too
high or it will not protect the front
of the trousers. Bind the edges neat
ly all around with cotton braid or q
bias strip of the goods. Make two
straps to hold the apron snugly around
Valentine Democrat. (Valentine, Neb.) 1900-1930, 1905-10-19
Clipping Farm Horses.

The advantages OF clipping the
farm horses are found not only In the
greater comfort and ease with which
they will do their work, but also IN the
fact that when the days work is over
they will dry off very quickly, thus
being in a condition in winch the dust
and filth from the days work may be
brushed off and the horse made per-
fecuy clean for a good nights rest.
Not only is there greater comfort
and a better physical condition in the
care of the clipped horse, but there is
less danger from scaIded shoulders and
from harness gals. And the clipped
horse. always being dry at night, Is IN
less danger from colds, will work
more easily and keep in good condi-
ton on less feed. The name is a nui-
sance on a farm horse and should be
cut close. thus keeping the horse cooler
about the neck and collar and 50 re-
lievinS him from the danger Of scalded
shoulders.-Cor. Farmers Advocate.
Valentine Democrat. (Valentine, Neb.) 1900-1930, 1905-10-19

Gather the crops clean. Such az
are gathered for sale can be proper
~ stored away and then go over the
field again, gathering up the odds anc
ends which often make more than
enc wagon load and representing sew
eral good feeds for some of the stock.
If one can turn swine or sheep into
the field to clean up 1t can generally
be done with profit. Any plants with
tops like asparagus may be moved
and thousands of weeds thus destroy
ed If the tops are burned. Then the
fields are in better condition for the
manure when it is time to supply 1t.
che weakening meadow may be
braced up by the top dressing OF
manure put on late, the corners can
be cleaned out; the tools be taken
under cover and cleaned, preparatory
to being painted later on. Breaks in
fences and leaks in roofs can be re-
paired. There are plenty of things to
look after and the doing Of them
means money saved or earned in every
case. Try it.
Valentine Democrat. (Valentine, Neb.) 1900-1930, 1905-10-19
WAGES ON THE JUMP.
Advance of IL Per Cent in 1904 Over
the Average.

Weekly earnings of all persons en-
p!Oyed in the United States advanced Al
per cent III 1901 over the average of the
years between 1890 and 1899, according
to bulletin No. 80 of the bureau Of labor,
Just issued by the federal government.
The same report shows that the price
OF food has increased III per cent.
Elaborating the figures gathered from
many industries, the document indicates
that the average hourly wage would pur-
chase IL per cent more food in 1904,
and the earnings of a week would pur-
chase o. per cent more edibles.
Figures gathered and compiled by the
bureau show that prosperity has not been
confined to the owners of capital i'll
land and machinery, but has been dis
tr.buted somewhat in higher wages.
Compared with 1903. however, 1904
does not make a good showing. The
figures for the two years mentioned show
that the total number Of employees de-
creased 0.6 per cent, the hours of labor
shortened o. per cent, wages an hour
increased O.6 per cent, weekly earnings
for each employee decreased Oh per cent,
the total weekly earnings decreased O.S
per cent. retail prices Of food advanced
1.3 per cent, the wages of one hour
would purchase OF per cent less food.
and the earnings for each employe in a
week would purchase IA per cent less
food.
Retail prices secured from merchants
are compared with facts gathered by
agents of the bureau from 2.567 families
representing a total of 1868 persons.
The average income family in 1904
was SS2719. average number in each
family J.31, annual expenditure a family
for all purposes $76S.54, and the average
expenditure a family for food alone is
given $3269O.
Family expenditures for clothing
shows that the average wife spends ar
nually $26.03 and the average husband
spends $33.73. The children use S4S.79
in clothing year. The amount expend-
ell by the average family for life insur-
ance is interesting in view of the recent
expose of the uses to which life insur-
ance funds are put by managers of in
sUrance companies. The annual outlay
is $19.44. 2.53 per cent of the entire
income Rent takes S9949, fuel So. %
and lighting SS.l5.
Following is the remainder Of the ia
bic:
Valentine Democrat. (Valentine, Neb.) 1900-1930, 1905-10-19
Poultry Pickings.

Disinfectants are cheaper than dis
ease.
Keep pure, fresh water always
within reach.
Fowls In confinement, to do well,
need a variety of food.
When chickens have bred disease,
look out for large lice.
Crowding induces disease and low
ers the vitality Of fowls.
Diseases can be readily transmitted
from parents to offspring.
In selecting a location for a poul-
try yard, choose a light, sandy soil.
Manure piles are good for the pro-
duction of gapes in chickens.
The falling off of the ROSTERS comb
shows him to be in bad health.
Fowls having free range will find
their own feather-making fooG.
Do not condemn breed simply be-
cause a few fowls do Tot come up to
your expectations.
Meal should be mixed dry and crum-
bly,, since 1t causes Illness when fed
wet
Valentine Democrat. (Valentine, Neb.) 1900-1930, 1905-10-19

the trousers leg, making the straps of
ample size to slip over the foot and
leg or else arrange so that it can be
buttoned at one side. Button the back
edges to hold apron around hips and
fasten suspenders at front and back.
For large man two full lengths Of
goods, each one and one-half yards
long by thirty-six inches wide will be
required. In the illustration the side
view shows exactly onehalf Of the
apron and from the illustration any
housewife can cut and make this
apron.-Indianapolis News.
Valentine Democrat. (Valentine, Neb.) 1900-1930, 1905-10-19

Of formaldedyde tformailn) TO forty
two gallons Of water produced an
average yield OF grain per acre OF
fifty bushels in 1904 and sos bushels
In 1905, and that which was uutreat-
ed produced only 1876 bushels. and
forty three bushels per acre for the
corresponding two years. thus making
an average saving OF nearly six
bushels per acre. The treatment hers
mentioned was easily performed. COM
paratively cheap, efrectual in killing
the smut spores, and instrumental In
furnishing the largest average yield
mentS used.
Valentine Democrat. (Valentine, Neb.) 1900-1930, 1905-10-19
SI4,ooo,ooo HELD CONFiSCATED
Wisconsin Commissioner Denounces
Old Line Companies.


In the advance sheets of his annual
report on life insurance companies doin-
business in Wisconsin. Insurance Com
missioner Host makes the startling state
ment that the ihirty-Seven Old-line life
insurance companies transacting business
in the State in 1904 cOntiscated about
S14.0O0.0OO, which belonged to and
should have been returned to their pol
icy holders"
Wisconsin is one of the two States
OF the Union that require life insurance
companies To attach gain and loss" eI-
hibitS to their annual reports.
The commissioner says that these ey-
hibits ''show that the reserve released
on surrendered and lapsed policies dur
Ing 1901 amounted to Sol, IA. 449.S3.
while the actual sum paid by these COM
panieS to policy holders who lapSed and
surrendered their policies was only $37,-
152 3D. 90
The commissioner says that "the load
ing or that portion Of the premiums
used fer expenses by these companies
in 1904 was S11J,!S9. 2S2 II, while the
actual expenses of the companies
amounted to $l22904 1860, or over
81 900, 900 more than that allowed for
expenses"
With the $14.0OO.000 retained from
policy holders really entitled to it, 1T
was an easy matter for these companies
$7,000,000." the commissioner declares.
Valentine Democrat. (Valentine, Neb.) 1900-1930, 1905-10-19
ALI ArouE1 the Globe.

\ monument to commemorate the bat
tie of Hanover. erected by the State of
PENNSYLVANIA. was unveiled.
John d. Rockefeller, Jr. was fined
heavily for driving his automobile over
Tete Noir. forbidden pass in the Alps.
Paris officials say that it is practically
assured that France will accept an in
vitation to the second peace conference
at The Hague owing to the united eff
forts of Emperor Nicholas and Presi-
Gent Roosevelt. but official action cwaits
Russias cUmmunca ton.
Valentine Democrat. (Valentine, Neb.) 1900-1930, 1905-10-19
Treating Winter Wheat for Seed

In each Of six years, experiments
have been conducted at the Ontario
Experiment farms in treating winter
wheat In different ways to kill the
sinking smut, and the results have
been very satisfactory. Untreated
seed produced an average of 3.6 per
cent Of smut in the crop Of last year
and 9.3 IVr cent of smut In the crop
of this season. Seed wheat which
was immersed for twenty minutes in
q solution made BY adding one piHt
Valentine Democrat. (Valentine, Neb.) 1900-1930, 1905-10-19
Straining the Milk.

Milk should always be strained and
cooled by dipping, stirring and sur
rounding by cold water Immediately
after milking. 1t should always be
aired where the air is pure, at least
fifty feet Tor more If possible) from
any swNl barrel, hogpen, hog yard,
feed trough, barnyard, milking yard
or dusty road. Two or three thick
nesses of cheesecloth make a good
strainer Cloth strainers should al
ways be thoroughly washed, then boil
ed and hung in pure atmosphere to
dry.
Valentine Democrat. (Valentine, Neb.) 1900-1930, 1905-10-19
MTT7N ~
SzaHEs4sasszHs&KsI "
FOR FIELDING DRY MEAL.

difficulty in doing it satisfactorily. The
latest idea seems to be to feed it dry.
The trough shown herewith is de-
signed for feeding dry meals, either
indoors or out, and for chickens as
we'll as hens The fiat edge pieces.
SHOWN clearly in the cross-section
prevent the meal from being thrown
out Of the trough, while the roof pre-
vents rain wetting the meal or fowls
getting into the trough.
Valentine Democrat. (Valentine, Neb.) 1900-1930, 1905-10-19
Seryiceable Horse Eyener,

Here Is a sketch of a three horse
evener which 1 use on wagon and
disk harrow. A hole is made In the
tongue 6 inches back Of the regular
one and a hammer strap with two
holes In 1t Ito match the two holes in
the tongue) Is put on. Strap iron is
used to connect the 2-foot and 3-foot
eyeners. Will say that if a man has
Valentine Democrat. (Valentine, Neb.) 1900-1930, 1905-10-19

By the will of Charles Parsons. late
president of the State bank at St. Louis.
$4,000 is given for the endowment of
Martha Parsons professorship at Par
sons college at Fairfield. Iowa. The
estate is valued at more than 81 ,OOO, 900.
Valentine Democrat. (Valentine, Neb.) 1900-1930, 1905-10-19

The Supreme Court of Nebraska has
decided the Bishop Bonacum- Father
Murphy case against the bishop. holding
Re has no standing in n civil court, pend
in: adjudication By the Pope.
Valentine Democrat. (Valentine, Neb.) 1900-1930, 1905-10-19

an annual report on wages and cost of
living. These will be more valuable as
the years pass and figures become more
accurate.
Valentine Democrat. (Valentine, Neb.) 1900-1930, 1905-10-19

After passing resolutions for legal
eighthour day in Canada and the abol-
ishment of the Senate, the Dominion
Trades and Labcr Council has adjourned.
Valentine Democrat. (Valentine, Neb.) 1900-1930, 1905-10-19

Former Judge Alton B. Parker will
be one of the lecturers a the law school
Of ST. Johns college of Fordham. New
York
Valentine Democrat. (Valentine, Neb.) 1900-1930, 1905-10-19

four horses it is best to use them all
on the disk harrow-F. Ames, in
Farm Progress.
Valentine Democrat. (Valentine, Neb.) 1900-1930, 1905-10-19
Trough for Fowls.

Almost o~aryone who has tried feed
ing cOrnmeal to chickens has had