davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1905-03-03

OooAhSSo SoAsANAASN ny MA SoAASSA 0os
The statement already made that the six
large concerns mentioned slaughtered in
1908 only about 40 per cent of the total
cattle killed in that year indicates very
clearly the existence of active competition
by other concerns at least in many places.
This is chiefly explained by the operations
of large number of small slaughtering es-
adjustments Taking the principal slaugh-
tertng and distributing centers, the proper
ton controlled by the six companies men,
toned is much greater
For instance, the six principal concerns
slaughter nearly SO per cent of all the cat
tie killed in the eight leading western pack
Ing centers, namely, Chicago, Kansas City.
South Omaha, East st. Louis, South ST.
Joseph, Fort Worth, Sioux City and South
ST. Paul In the same way they control a
very large percentage Of the trade In beef
in many large cities, particularly in the
east. In New York they furnish about rs
per cent; in Boston more than IS per cent;
In Philadelphia about 60 per cent; in Pitts
burg more than co per cent; in Providence
more than % per cent; in Baltimore about
30 per cent, and in number of other i'm
portant cities their proportion ranges from
80 to SO per cent of the total beef supplied.
In smaller cities and towns In most sections
of the country on the other hand, and even
in large cities in some sections, their opera
lions are relatively much less important.
For instance, such cities as Buffalo,
Cleveland, Cincinnati and Indianapolis OBJ
tain only from 10 to SO 1-3 per cent Of their
total beef supply from these six companies.
In the southern states the large packers
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1905-03-03
Apparently Not overcapitalized.

Apparently Not OVeTcdpltdllZeu.
That the six leading packing companies
especially discussed are apparently not
overcapitalized.
That the percentage of profit on the gross
volume of business, including hog and
sheep products and other minor commod-
tiles is comparatively small. In the case
Of Swift & Co, during the three years.
1902. 1903 and 1904, the profits have in no
case exceeded 2 per cent of the total sales.
In the case of the Cudahy Packing Com
pany for 1904 the net profit was LIS per cent
of the total sales; in 1902 it was 2.3 per
cent
That the profit of private car lines in the
packing industry on mileage is a very lib
eral one, approximate computations indicat-
ing a net return of from IA per cent to
about II per cent. Reckoning on the basis
of dressed beef transported however, this
profit would add but little to the cost of
such beef to the consumer, the net profit
from the mileage of private cars being COM
puted at not more than cents per 100
pounds of beef, or, say, 25 cents per head
of cattle.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1905-03-03

mentioned generally supply less than half
the total beef consumed in the larger cities,
and in the smaller cities and towns of this
section the proportion is generally less than
2ne-fourth-.r- The six companies mentioned.
are almost the only Concerns conducting
operations over an extended area, slaugh-
terlng cattle in the great western market,
and transporting the product eastward for
+ by them, nearly all is slaughtered by local
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1905-03-03
THE BEEF INDUSTRY
Report of the Commissioner
of Corporations.
PRICES AND PROFITS
"BIG SIX PACKERS NOT DEEMED
oVERCAPITALIzED
Varying Margins Between Prices OF
Cattle and Dressed Output-Re-
bates on Private Cars.

The report Of the commissioner of cor
pora lions upon the beef industry, submitted
in compliance with the resolution of the
House of Representatives, adopted March
7 1901 was submitted to Congress today by
the President, with the following letter OF
transmttal:
ITO the Senate and House of Representa-
tives:
81 transmit herewith a report from the
Secretary of Commerce and Labor upon
that portion of the resolution of the House
of Representatives, adopted March !, 1904,
having to do with the prices of cattle and
dressed beef, the margins between such
prices, and the organization, conduct and
profits of the corporations engaged in the
beef-p packing industry.
I'm view of the fact that the Department
of Justice is now engaged upon other mat
tiers involved in the resolution, the Secre-
tary of Commerce and Labor cannot a this
time report thereon.
THEODORE ROOSEVELT,
WHITE HOUSE, March 3, 1905
Operations of ''The Big Six"
Summarized in the briefest possible FORM
the report shows:
That six packing companies-Armour &
Co, Swift G. Co., Morris & Co., the National
Packing Company, the Schwarzschld &
Sulzberger Company and the Cudahy Pack
ing Company frequently designated in the
trade as The Big Slaughtered in the
year 1903 ) 521 ,697 head of cattle out of
total indicated slaughter in the United
States of 1880, 600 head, or about 40 per
cent.
That the true average net profit for three
companies-the Armour, Swift and Schwartz
schld & SulZberger-for the twelve months
ending June 80, 1903 as shown by their
actual bookkeeping records, was so cents
per head, not including incidental profits
mentioned below.
That the year 1902, instead of being
one of exorbitant profits, has been COM
monty supposed, was less profitable than
usual. The report says, in fact, that during
the months when prices of beef were the
highest some, at least, of the leading pack
ers were actually losing money on every
head of cattle slaughtered
That the changes in the margin between
the prices of cattle and the prices of beef
are in themselves no indication whatever of
the changes in the profits of the beef bust
ness.
That the margin between the price of cat
tie and the price of beef during the year
1903, instead of being unusually high,
popularity supposed was for each half of
that year lower than the margin for any
corresponding half year since 1888, and that
the increase in the margin for the second
half of 1903 over the first half was no great
er than the similar change in other years.
An average margin, covering total killings
of cattle by most of the packing houses in
five leading western markets and sales of
beef at twentyfour cities having a total
population of about 100000 persons, was
S2S1 per hundredweight for January to
June, 1902; 2.S3 for July to December, 1902;
So IA for January to June, 1903; 81. II for the
second half of 1909 and 1913 for the first,
half of 1904, ''= 49, Ia
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1905-03-03

| rived was ascertained directly from the kill
| ing records, and the actual amount received
| for such beef was also taken from the
| books. True averages were then deter
mined, with the results already Indicated
| An examina ton of the actual bookkeeping
/ profits was made for Morris & Co. and the
! Cudahy Packing Company as well as 70"
the three companies named. Extensive sta
tlSticS of prices of cattle and beef and
other matters We're also taken from all five
of these packers and from the Hammond
Company as we'll
Fair Valuation of Packing Companies.
AS stated, the results of the bureaus in
vestigation indicate that the larger pack
ing companies especially considered are
not overcapitalized Presumptive evidence
in favor of fair capitalization is found in
the very concentrated holdings of the stocks
of these companies nearly all of which,
with the exception of Swift & Co, are
held by the packers themselves and their
families. In the case of Swift & Co the
entire $35,O00000 capital stock and So, 900, 900
bonds were paid in in cash and at par.
Operations of Private Car Lines
The conclusions of the report in regard
to the operations of private car lines are
approximate The bureau arrives at an
average cost for a refrigerator of 81 900,
an average yearly cost of maintenance of
$11o per car, and a net profit from the
nIeaSe alone, as already stated, OF from
IA per cent to about II per cent.
A statement submitted by one company
the Cudahy Packing Company-shows an
actual net profit on the original investment
in its cars of % per cent in 1902, of 20
per cent in 1908 and of III per cent in
1904. These profits entirely derived from
the mileage allowed owners of private cars
by railroad companies. For refrigerator
cars this mileage is generally three-fourths
of cent, but for a considerable section
of the country is l cent per mile Travelled.
toned above as one of the big Six" is
a merger of various packing plants par
ticularly the so-called Hammond and Fow
Ter properties, and is controlled by Ar
mour, Swift and Morris interests, who con-
stitute it's board of directors. Except for
the National Packing Company, however,
there appears to be practically no gen
eral nterownership of stock among the six
principal companies.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1905-03-03
Prices of Cattle and Beef.

derived from the ownership of private cars
handling that product This is equivalent
TO about % cents per head of cattle.
Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1905-03-03
Lean Cattle Sent to Market.

That conditions in 1902 were abnormal and
that cattle prices for 1903 and 1904 cannot
fairly be compared with that year. The
great prosperity of the country from 1899 to
1902 apparently led to a considerable in
crease in the per capita consumption of
beef. The practical failure of the corn crop
of 1901 induced many cattle feeders to send
their stock to market in poor condition, thus
reducing the average weight per head and
the average percentage of dressed beef to
live weight. AS a result while the total
number of cattle slaughtered at five leading
western packing centers during the first
half of 1902 decreased only about l per cent
compared with the first half of 1901, the
total live weight of the cattle slaughtered is
computed to have decreased 4.3 per cent,
and the computed dressed weight decreased
considerably more. In this connection the
report says:
I'm the face of the strong demand the
price of cattle was forced to the highest
level ever known. The high prices of beef,
which caused so much complaint among
consumers at this time, were attributable
wholly to these abnormal cattle prices.
That in 1903 the price of cattle fell very
sharply, chiefly because of large increase
in the supply. The number of cattle killed
in five leading western markets during the
first half of 1903 was more than Is per cent
greater than during the first half of 19O2
and on account of the increased size of
cattle the quantity of beef produced IN
creased % per cent.
In the second half of 1903 the quantity Of
beef derived from cattle killed at the same
markets about 10 per cent greater than
in the corresponding period of 1902 Under
these conditions the price of beef, instead
of remaining at the high level of 1902, fell
and by about the same percentage as the
price of cattle.
Los Angeles herald., 1905-09-18
JURORS GIVEN
Days OUTING
BY Associated Press.

BY Associated PreSS.
SACRAMENTO, Sept. 1.-THE trial
of Emmons for accepting bribe while
a member of the state senate will be re-
sumed before the jury in Judge Hart's
court tomorrow morning, with Clarence
Grange, secretary-manager Of the
Phoenix Building and Loan association,
on the witness stand.
The jury, which is kept under close
surveillance by the sheriffs deputies,
was taken to the Fair Oaks colony i'll
"a carryall today Deputy ~Sheriffs
Jacobs and Zittinger in charge. 1t is
the aim of Judge Hart to make the
enforced isolation of the jurors as COM
Portable as possible, and he plans for
their comfort and recreation daily.
Eli Wright, the accused former sena-
tor, whose trial will closely follow that
of Emmons, provided the present inten-
tions of the district attorney are car
ried out, has had much trouble about
his bondsmen during the past week
He spent Friday night in the county
Jail, having been delivered to the sheriff
by his San Jose securities. Saturday
he was released on $25OO cash bail that
was furnished by Attorney Grove L..
Johnson.
Today Wright visited the county Jail
and spent some time in conversation
with Sheriff Reese and Deputy William
F. Lowell. Wright just dropped in"
and no significance attached to his
visit
Juror A. Popert who has been sick
with cholera morbus, is better and will
be able to be in the jury box tomorrow.
Los Angeles herald., 1905-09-18
SOCIALISTS MEET IN
ANNUAL CONVENTION
Members of German Rechstag to Par
ticipate In Discussion During
Convention
BY Associated Press.

By Associated Press.
JEANA, Duchy of SaXe-Weimar,
Sept 1.-THE annual congress of the
Social Democratic party opened here
tonight under the presidency of Paul
Singer, who formally welcomed the
delegates and delivered an address.
The delegates in attendance at the
congress include Herr Bebel, the So
cialist leader in the reichstag, and Her
ren Volmer and Bernstein, Socialist
members of the reichstag. Owing to
their age and the condition of their
health it is expected that neither Herr
Singer nor Herr Bebel will take a
prominent part in the proceedings.
No questions of fundamental import
ance are likely to be discussed.
An attempt may be made to depose
the Voerwaerts as the organ of the
party.
Los Angeles herald., 1905-09-18
KNIGHTS OF PYTHIAS
LAY CORNER STONE
Vice President Fairbanks Delivers an
Address at the Ceremony in
indianapolis
By Associated Press.

By Associated Press.
INDIANAPOLIS, Sept 1.-THE lay
ing of the corner stone of the local
knights of Pythias' new building here
this afternoon was inaugurated with a
parade.
After the laying of the corner stone
addresses were made by Grand Chan
oellor George w. Powell, Governor Han
ley and Vice President Fairbanks.
Mr.. Fairbanks received an enthusi-
astic welcome. He said he was glad to
be present to participate in this his
toric event; that the order was organ
lied at fortunate period, coming as it
did at the close of the great conflict,
some two score years ago.
At the conclusion of Mr.. Fairbanks
speech the entire audience joined in
singing America"
Los Angeles herald., 1905-09-18
DR.. M'lVOR-TYNDALL
TELLS OF IBSENS "GH0STS"
Exponent of Physical Research Given
Informal Reception at Homo
of TrIIfh

DR.. Alexander J. McIvor-Tyndall re-
turned from a tour of the kite-shaped
track to deliver lecture at the Home
of Truth, 1927 Georgia street, last even
ing, and the event was made the occa-
sion of an informal reception in which
q large number of friends and admirers
of the popular exponent of psychic re-
search took part. George Edwin Bur-
nell, permanent speaker Of the home,
also spoke briefly on the Aggressive
Contact Between the Metaphysical
Movement and the Drama" BY invi-
tation of Mr.. Burnell, DR.. McIvor-Tyn-
dali made the address of the evening.
taking for his theme the metaphysical
aspect of the Ibsen drama, "Ghosts,"
which, the speaker declared, embodies
the Ibsen drama, Ghosts" in which
Harry Mestayer has scored such sig
nal triumph, the speaker said:
IT want to talk to you about ghosts.
am going to talk to you about the
ghosts one meets every day in this
practical, commercial age. I mean the
ghosts of dead ideas, Of lifeless Gus
toms, of wornout ethics, Of unconsid-
cred codes of morals and unfollowed
rules of conduct, Of all the accumula-
tion of false concepts of the ages, which
we have named Tradition.
"These are the ghosts Of which Ibsen
treats in his great psychological drama,
and he shows us, with all the force of
a powerful pen. the tyranny Of these
conventionalities."
DIR. McIvor-Tyndall leaves this morn
ing for Santa Ana and San Diego, re-
turning on Thursday.
Los Angeles herald., 1905-09-18
HURLED TO DEATH FROM
ROLLER COASTER CAR
Spokane Man Thrown Thirty Feet to
Ground and Expires From
Injuries

SPOKANE, Wash, Sept. 17.-John
stienebaugh, aged 1S. was thrown at
tangent from the high trestle of a
ROLLER coaster" at Natatorium park
this evening and received injuries from
which he died half an hour later. At
tendants at the park state that Stiene-
baugh with companion occupied the
front seat of car which was in rapid
motion. 1t is believed he had his feet
on what might be called the fender of
the car. Rounding the curve his feet
struck an upright of the scaffolding
supporting the coaster track. Stiene-
baugh was hurled through the air and
struck on solid ground thirty feet be-
low His skull was fractured.
Los Angeles herald., 1905-09-18
SAYS TARIFF QUESTION
WILL BE BIG ISSUE
Chairman Dick Admits Democrats Will
Force Fight Against Pro-
tected MonopoIies
BY Associated Press.

BY Associated Press.
COLUMBUS, o., Sept 1.-THE tariff
will be the chief issue in the canvass, q"
declared Chairman Dick of the Repub-
lican state executive committee in a
formal statement issued today answer
ing many inquiries regarding the issue
of the gubernatorial campaign in Ohio
1.-The Democratic national platform
last year denounced protection as a
robbery Their platform this year
leads off with a denunciation of the al
legged protected monopolies'."
Chairman Dick declares that Mr.
Pattison. the Democratic candidate for
governor, is in full sympathy with the
party on this question and that Demo-
cratic success in Ohio under such cir
cumstances would have a distressing eff
dect on the business of the nation"
Los Angeles herald., 1905-09-18
PERSONAL

Mr.. and Mrs. Willmet Hall Of Cincin-
natl arrived at the Lankershim yester-
day and will spend several weeks in
and about Los Angeles.
Judge H. Harvey and wife are at the
Angelus for a few days. They arrived
from their home at Macleod, Can,
yesterday.
Mr.. and Mrs. William Lawrence
Greene and Mr.. and Mrs. A. Bleeckep
Banks of Albany, N. Y. arrived over
the Southern Pacific in their private
car last evening. The party is touring
the west and expects to spend some
time here. While in the city they will
stay at the Van Nuys
Los Angeles herald., 1905-09-18
OFFICERS HAVE
NARROW ESCAPE
TWO POLICEMEN ATTACKED
BY MOB
KNIVES AND PISTOLS DRAWN
Policemen DaIes and Arguello At
tempt to Quell Riot and Are
AssaiIed by Angry
Bellieerents

Policemen Dales and Arguello came
near losing their lives last night when
they rushed into a house at Ais College
street filled with angry, fighting SlaV-
onians.
AS the two policemen entered a room
where fifteen of the foreigners were
fighting among themselves over a game
of cards it was signal for nearly
every man there to draw his knife
which he brandished in a threatening
manner.
Although the two patrolmen were
menaced with instant death by the
angry men they marched fearlessly
among them and grappled with the ap-
parent leaders of the band. After
fierce struggle they succeeded in plac-
ing handouts on four of them and
then started running fight to the
door with their prisoners.
Fieht Short but Fierce
The struggle lasted only a short time
but it was fierce in the extreme. When
the officers did succeed in getting TO
the door with their captives the police
patrol was summoned and the four
prisoners hurried to the city jail.
When searched at the police station
the prisoners gave their names as Mike
Jelas, Pete Crorovich, Trip Crorovich
and Drago Ragovitz. They We're
charged with disturbing the peace and
held in the city Jail all night in default
of the necessary bail.
According to the police these men
have been living in the house at 415
College street, which consists of only
one room, for the last two months.
The police have received numerous
complaints from the neighborhood that
these men quarrel, drink and gamble
all night.
DaIes Secures Evidence
A week ago Patdolman Dales was de-
tailed to watch the house, with orders
to secure evidence against the inmates
in case they raised disturbance.
After watching the house a week
Los Angeles herald., 1905-09-18
PATR0LMAN JOINS
Ell DORADO CLUB
Two Days Membership Followed by
Arrest of Proprietor and Bar
tender

Policeman Berchtold Joined the Ell
Dorado club, 445 Ducommun street, two
days ago in order to secure evidence
against that organization.
After a membership of two days the
policeman considered that he had suf-
ficient evidence against the CLUB" and
r. M. Subiate, the bartender, was ar
rested last night. About fifty gallons
of wine and whisky were secured by
the police, and it will be presented in
the police court this morning as evil
dence against Subiate on charge of
selling liquor without license.
Los Angeles herald., 1905-09-18
TWO SERIOUSLY INJURED
IN STREET CAR COLLISION

BY Associated Press.
TACOMA, Sept. 1.-two heavily
loaded street cars collided at sharp
curve on the South Tacoma line this
afternoon, seriously injuring two per-
number of others. The most seriously
injured are: Henry de Wolf, a solicitor,
and James Gallagher, one of the mo-
tormen. Both will recover. Both cars
were crowded and for time the great
est confusion prevailed and it was
thought several persons had been
killed. All of the injured were taken
to their homes. The cars were badly
smashed up.
Los Angeles herald., 1905-09-18
STUDIES MUNICIPAL
SCHOOLS IN EUROPE
President David Starr Jordan Returns
to Stanford After Extended
Tour Abroad

Special to The Herald.
STANFORD UNIVERSITY, Sept. II.
President Jordan has returned to the
university after two months spent in
Europe. He made very successful
tour of England and the continent, and
accomplished the two main objects of
his journey-recreation and the study
of European university conditions.
The result of his Investigations DR..
Jordan intends to embody in an adj
dress at the next student assembly.
He directed special attention to the
municipal university schools of science,
which are now in existence in many of
the larger English cities.
Los Angeles herald., 1905-09-18
OIL SATURATED QUILT
FOUND IN BURNED HOUSE
Police Department Investigating Fire
Which They Believe Was of
Ineendiary Origin

A quilt, saturated with kerosene,
found in the basement of the building
at 3O1 Beaudry avenue, which was
partly destroyed by fire at $3.50 o'clock
yesterday morning, causes the police
to believe that the fire was of incen-
diary origin.
The building is a two-story frame
structure, comprising six flats, five of
which were empty. One fiat was occu-
pied by Mrs. A. Alex, whose household
goods were insured for $500. The build
ing was owned by ]. E. Harmon of
Pasadena, who has an Office in the Bull
lard block.
Rev. j.. B. Holley was awakened
early yesterday morning by smoke and
the crackle of flames in the adjoining
building. He says the fire originated
in the basement of the building, but
quickly spread to the second story.
Mrs. Alex was aroused and escaped
with a few valuable articles from her
apartments. The fire department ex-
tinguished the flames after they had
damaged the building to the extent of
$500.
When the premises were examined by
the police yesterday morning an oil
soaked quilt was found in the base
ment where the fire originated.
Los Angeles herald., 1905-09-18
MENDocINo WOMAN AND
MONEY ARE MISSING

SAN FRANCISCO, Sept. 1.-THE
mysterious disappearance of Mrs. Jen-
ME Croeoean, a recent arrival from
Mendoclno county is puzzling the po-
lice. Mrs. Croeoean has not been seen
nor heard from by her children for
week. At the time of her disappear
ance she had $1,000 in her possession.
The case was reported yesterday at
the Emergency hospital and the vari-
Gus police stations. Foul play or sui
eide is feared.
Los Angeles herald., 1905-09-18
MARTHA YORBA DIES
AS RESULT OF BURNS

After an illness of three weeks 10
year-old Martha Yorba of Shorb died
yesterday morning of burns sustained
three weeks ago while attempting to
extinguish a fire which destroyed her
fathers house and barn.
An overheated kettle of tar took fire
on the kitchen stone and the girl, in an
attempt to eXtinguish the flames, over
turned the burning liquid on her dress.
The funeral will be held tomorrow
and interment will take place in Cal
vary cemetery.
Los Angeles herald., 1905-09-18
CALIFORNIA ODD FELLOWS
ARRIVE AT PHILADELPHIA

BY AssOc1ated PTeSb,
PHILADELPHIA, Sept. T.-Hundreds
of members of the Independent Ordei
of Odd Fellows continued to arrive
here today from all sections of the
country to attend the annual session of
the Sovereign Grand lodge of the or
ganization, which will formally open
tomorrow. Robert e. Wright of Allen
town, Pa, grand sire of the sovereign
grand lodge, arrived tonight and was
enthusiastically welcomed. A large
contingent of California members also
reached here tonight.