The Morris County chronicle. [volume] (Morristown, N.J.) 1877-1915, 1905-12-05
TY-NINTH
CONGRESS
The Congressional Mil Again ii
Operation and a Number
Of Changes are Noted.
THE PRESIDENTS MESSAGE

@N~rAF - ~f@--lH@
The Fifty-ninth Congress was con-
vened IN regular session on Monday.
In consequence of the Republican til
dal wave Of 1904 there are a considera-
bic number Of new Republican meu1-
bers New Jersey furnishing one.
The Senate was called to order by
Vice President Fairbanks and shortly
after adjourned as mark OF respect to
the late Senator Platt, OF Connecticut
The House was called to order by the
clerk, and organized by the election Of
Joseph G.. Cannon as speaker, he re-
ceiying 243 votes and Mr.. Williams,
the Democratic nominee, l2s. The
House then adjourned. Both houses
convened at noon to-day when the
Presidents message was received, a
summary of which follows:
President Rcosevelt's annual message
has been delivered to congress. Open
ing with a plea for the cooperation Of
all classes in continuing the countrys
prosperity and In correcting existing
evils, for square deaI' for every
body, the message first takes up the
question of corporations and railroad
rate legislation. The president says
Corporations.
am in no sense hostile to corpora
tions. This is an age Of combination.
and any effort to prevent all combina-
tion will be not only useless, but in the
end vicious, because Of the contempt
for law which the failure to enforce
law inevitably produces. The corpora
ton has come to stay, just as the
trades union has come to stay. Each
can do and has done great good. Each
should be favored SO long as it does
goos But each should he sharply
checked where it acts against law and
justice
Experience has shown conclusively
that it is useless to try to get any ade-
quate regulation and supervision of
these great corporations by state ac-
ton Such regulation and supervision
can only be effectively exercised by Il
sovereign whose jurisdiction is cock
tensive with the field work Of the cor
porations- that is. by the national gov
ernment. / believe that this regulation
and supervision can be obtained BY the
enactment of law by the congress. II
this proves impossible, 1t will certainly
be necessary ultimately to confer In
fullest form such power upon the ma
tionaI government by affirmative ac
ment of the constitution.
The laws of the congress and of the
several states hitherto, as passed upon
by the courts, have resulted more often
in showing that the states have no
power In the matter than that the ma
tional government has power; 50 that
there at present exists a very unfortu-
nate condition Of things, under which
these great corporations doing an in
terstate business occupy the position Of
subjects without a sovereign, neither
any state government nor the national
government having effective control
over them Our steady aim should be
by legislation, cautiously and carefully
undertaken, but resolutely persevered
in, to assert the sovereignty Of the ma.
tional government by affirmative ac-
tion.
This Is only in form an innovation
In substance it is merely restoration
for from the earliest time such regula.
tion of Industrial activities has been
recognized In the action of the law.
making bodies, and all That / propose
Is to meet the changed conditions in
such manner as will prevent the com
monwealth abdicating the power 1t has
always possessed, not only in this coun.
try, but also in England before and
since this country became a separate
nation.
Railroad Rate LegisIntion.
AS l said In my message of Dec. &
last, the immediate and most pressing
need so far as legislation is concerned
is the enactment into law of some
scheme to secure to the agents of the
government such supervision ana regu-
lation Of the rates charged by the rail
roads Of the country engaged in inter-
state traffic as shall summarily and ef-
fectively prevent the imposition Of un.
just OF unreasonable rates. 1t must
include putting a complete stop to re-
bates in every shape and form. This
power to regulate rates, Ike all similar
powers over the business world should
be exercised with moderation, caution
and self restraint, but it should exist,
so that 1t can be effectively exercised
when the need arises
In my Judgment, the most important
provision which such law should con.
tain IS that comforting upon some com
petent administrative body the power
to decide upon the case being brought
before it whether given rate pre-
scribed by d railroad is reasonable and
Just, and if it is found to be unreason-
able ana unjust then, after full investi-
CATION Of the complaint, to prescribe
the limit of rate beyond which it shall
not be lawful to go-the maximum
reasonable rate. as it is commonly call
ed-this decision TO go into effect with
in reasonable time ana to obtain
from thence onward. subject to review
by the courts.
1t sometimes happens at present, not
that rate Is too high, but that a ia.