davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Twice-a-week plain dealer. (Cresco, Howard County, Iowa) 1895-1913, 1905-07-18
FEBRUARY 16.


"Bones g. Niles are opening store
In the town Of Howard, OF which
Darius E, Potter will have charge
"Jacob Bertschinger, otherwise
known as "Cheap Jake y, died at Lime
Springs last Saturday morning. On
the evening of Friday he was in at
tendance at a club dance where his
social habits led him into indulgences
and from their effects he was taken
with violent crampings that ended in
bis death before the morning dawn.
FEBRUARY %.
"a. f. Verback, one of the most
extensive and prosperous farmers of
the county who has been spending the
winter at GAINESVILLE, Wis, returned
to Cresco last week, bringing with
him a helpmate to share his worldly
goods and his joys.
"The name of st. Anthony as one
of the cities of Minnesota is wiped
out, that city now being consolidated
with Minneapolis. This gives the lat
ter Guy organization control over
about "a, 900 inhabitants.
"Died-In Cresco, Feb. %, 1872,
Orilla MUMMY, wife OF VIM. MUMMY,
aged Al years, 6 months and % days.
MARCH 8.
"Married-At the residence of the
brides father in Iron Ridge, Dodge
Twice-a-week plain dealer. (Cresco, Howard County, Iowa) 1895-1913, 1905-07-18
new DIRECTORS ARE CHOSEN
PROMINENT MEN SELECTED FOR
EQUITABLE BOARD.
Testimony Recently Given Shows How
Officers Dodged Taxes-Alex-
ander Still Ill.

New York, July 15.-Twelve new d.
rectors, including D. Cady Herrick,
President Nicholas Murray Butler, of
Columbia university; Congressman
Charles b. Littleheld, OF Maine, and
Nevada N. Stranahan, collector OF the
port of New York, were chosen and the
designations Of two old directors and
one recently elected were accepted by
the board of directors of the Equitable
Life Assurance society Friday. The
directors who resigned were Gen. Louis
Fitzgerald, former president Of the
Mercantile Trust company; Horace O.
Deming, who now Is president Of that
institution, and Frederick G. Bourne,
who was chosen at the last meeting
of the board. The Mercantile Trust
company is controlled by the Equitable
society. Mr.. Bourne was known as a
policy-holders director. he having been
elected upon recommendation of the
board of trustees, which ia headed by
former President Cleveland. He gave
as the reason for his resignation press
of personal business. ALI Of the new
directors had been recommended by
the board Of trustees after correspond
ence and consultation with policy hold
ers.
The testimony in the Equitable Life
Assurance society investigation, Just
given out by Superintendent Hen
bricks, shows the officers Of the cor.
poration regularly lodged its taxes by
making annual afhdavits that accumu.
lations Of the society are held for the
benefit of the assured. no surplus earn
ings belonging to the stockholders.
James w. Alexander, former presi.
dent Of the Equitable, Is still Ill, He
is undergoing treatment in secluded
place in Long Island and 1t is said that
he is in such condition that all
knowledge Of the recent developments
IN the society has been kept from him.
According to statements made, Mr..
Alexander does not yet know that Paul
Morton is at the head of the Equitable.
Neither has he been informed Of the
Ryan purchase and the installation OF
Messrs. Cleveland, O'Brien and West,
inghouse as trustees.
Twice-a-week plain dealer. (Cresco, Howard County, Iowa) 1895-1913, 1905-07-18
LYNCH SLAYER OF ELEvEN.
Natives Of UHlla Island Deal Out
Punishment to Negro
McGill.

-ta
Mobile, Ala, July 15.-Capt. Doe, Of
the steamer Condor, arriving here late
Thursday evening from Ceiba, re-
ports that the negro McGill, who muir
dered the crew and eight passengers of
the cattle steamer Olympia, has been
lynched. When McGill was captured
at Ell Provinci, he was placed aboard
the Honduran warship TaTumblar and
sent back to Utilla island. The ma
tiyes were greatly wrought up over
the horrible murders. and according to
Capt, Doe, they first planned to burn
the prisoner, but later he was taken
from the officials and lynched. TAe
laws Of the island forbid capital pun.
ishment, and 1t was this fact that
caused the lynching.
Twice-a-week plain dealer. (Cresco, Howard County, Iowa) 1895-1913, 1905-07-18
TRADE SITUATION. BRIGHT.
MANY FAVORABLE INDICATIONS
ARE NOTED.
Expectations Exceeded at Many
Points-Liberal Preparation for
Future Business.

New York, July 15.-R. G. Dun & Co. 3
Weekly Review of Trade says: Sea
sonable merchandise goes into consump-
ton more freely than usual, retail trade
exceeding expectations at many points,
and preparation for fall and winter
business is on liberal scale, except in
few agricultural communities, where
there is disposition to await definite
assurances regarding the crops. The Of
fetal report was more encouraging as
to grain, and later dispatches to this
paper from the principal farming cen
tiers indicate that good results are be-
ing attained, despite some excess OF
moisture. Manufacturing reports are
irregular. Railway earnings for the
first week of July exceeded last years
by 5.3 per cent, and foreign commerce
at this port for the last week showed
gains of $1,520,462 in imports, as COM
pared with the corresponding week of
1904. Mercantile collections have i'm
proved.
Failures this week were 223 in the
United States, against 225 last year, and
ago."
Bradstreet's says: Midsummer, in
fluences still govern trade and industry,
but better weather and crop reports
make for quite optimistic trade reports
in the surplus cereal producing sections
of the west. Very favorable reports as
to fall trade orders come from nearly
all points west of the Alleghenies, north
of the Ohio river and thence westward
to the Pacific. Large though, except in a
few cases, not record breaking crop
yields now appear reasonably assured
in that entire region, and there is gen.
eral agreement that fall business al
ready booked exceeds year ago at this
date. Less assurance is found in the re-
ports from the western half of the south,
where 1t is feared serious damage has
been done by incessant rains to cotton,
wheat and other crops, this partially
offsetting the favorable influences Of the
heavy advance in cotton prices. A point
deserving note is the widespread activ-
ity in demand for cotton goods Of near
ly all kinds, which accepts steady ad.
vances in prices and clamors for more
goods Other textiles are also strong
wool being steadily absorbed at tn.
highest prices for years, while wooler
goods machinery finds satisfactory EN-
ployment on higher priced goods. Othe,
| materials for manufacture, such al
hides and leather, are active, and while
the advance of the year favors rather
quieter conditions in building material
lumber, brick and hardware reflect the
continuance of unprecedented activity
Ia construction work"
Twice-a-week plain dealer. (Cresco, Howard County, Iowa) 1895-1913, 1905-07-18
CHOLERA INFANtUM.

Child Not respected to Live from One Hour
to Anoth or, but Cured by Chamberle MS
Collie, Cholera and Diarrhoea Remedy.
Ruth, the little daughter OF e. N.
Dewey Of Agnewvile Va was serious
~ Ill OF cholera infantum last sum-
mer. 9Wegave her up and did not ex-
pect her torliye from One hour to an
other," be says. ~ happened to think
of Chamberlaln's CONC, Cholera and
DiarrnOea Remedy and got botLle
Of it from The Store, In five hours 1
saw change for the better. We Kept
on giving It and before she had taken
the half Of one smallsbottle she was
well !" This remedy is for sale by j..
I'll. Luers Drug 60. T
Twice-a-week plain dealer. (Cresco, Howard County, Iowa) 1895-1913, 1905-07-18
An Interesting Trip to California,

The Union Pacific and Southern Pa.
CHIC Lines closely follow the path OF
the Forty Miners" which has be-
come historic as .sThe Overland
Route''-the shortest and hest road
to San Francisco. II you cross the
continent In one Of the tourist sleep.
ers OF this line you will enjoy your.
trip and save considerable money. In.
Quire about low rates to California Gf
=. Z. Lomax G. P. 8 T. A., Union
Pacific, Omaha, Neb.
Twice-a-week plain dealer. (Cresco, Howard County, Iowa) 1895-1913, 1905-07-18
A FIERCE RIOT
IN new YORK CITY
POLICE AND MOB FIGHT WITH
SERIOUS RESULTS.
SEVERAL PERSONS INJURED
Men, Women and Children Both Black
and White, Do Battle in the
streets-ofaers Driven to
Station House.

New York, July 15.-"San Juan hill y
the district bounded by Amsterdam
and West End avenues and Sixty-first
and Sixty-third streets, so-called be.
cause OF its notoriety as battle.
ground, was the scene Friday night Of
furious race riot which required 25(
policemen to quell after many shots
had been fired and several persons had
been seriously injured. The trouble
began shortly after nine o'clock when
a policeman arrested Edward Connolly
for attacking Henry Williams, negro
and was pursued to the station house
with his prisoner by a mob of Connel.
ly's friends, hurting showers Of stones
and other missiles. When the station
house reserves turned out the whole
neighborhood was in an uproar, and
blacks engaged in desperate struggles
In the streets. Torrents of missiles
were hurled from rooms and windows.
Within ten minutes not less than 1000
men, boys and women, black and
white. were engaged in furious combat
The small party of police were power
less and reenforcements were sum-
moned. On their arrival Gordon was
drawn around the whole district and
strong patrols made repeated charges
down the streets in vain effort to re-
store order. They succeeded in MAX.
Ing few prisoners and were forced to
retreat, fighting every inch Of the way,
and pursued to the station house by a
bowling mob.
The worst of the fighting was in Six
ty-second street, where from every
window and from every roof rained
missiles, while hundreds of shots were
fired. Roundsman Patrick Walsh was
knocked down by Joseph B. Smith a
negro. who 1eaped upon him from q
stoop, and after attempting to shoot
him struck him repeatedly with the
butt Of his revolver. Walsh was final
ly rescued by his comrades. Inspector
Mclaughlin arrived shortly before
nine o'clock and. realizing how wide
spread was the danger, sent hurry
calls for reserves from as far north as
One Hundred and Twenty-fifth street
and as far south as Leonard street,
from the East side and from the West
side. In ali there were more than $50
men under command of the inspector
within 20 minutes.
It took the hardest kind of fighting
for nearly an hour before the streets
were finally cleared.
Twice-a-week plain dealer. (Cresco, Howard County, Iowa) 1895-1913, 1905-07-18
$500 to Minneapolis and Minnehahs
Falls and Return,

Via Chicago, Milwaukee s. st, Paul
Railway,
Special excursion train leaves Cresco
5:16 a. M. Tuesday, July Is. Return.
ing, leaves Minneapolis, 6:45 p. M,
Minnehaha, 700 p. m Tuesday, July
Is. Tickets good only on above train.
Electric car service between Mime.
apolis and Minnehaha Falls, FIVE cent
fare. Band concert 1880 p. M. Mime
haha Falls Park. Free steamboat
trip on Mississippi river stopping at
Fort Smelling and other points OF In.
terest- leaye Minnehaha 2 p. M. re-
turn s p. m-free to holders Of excur-
rson TICKETS. Ask agent G. NJ. & st.
P. Ry, for details.
Twice-a-week plain dealer. (Cresco, Howard County, Iowa) 1895-1913, 1905-07-18
Ex-aoy. Yates Robbed

Springfield, Ill. July 15.-Efforts Of
the police to locate paroled negro
convict named Arthur Groves, alias
Henry Williams, has brought to light
the fact that Groves recently stole
$4,000 worth Of jewelry from the resi-
dsnce OF former Gov. Richard Yates.
Groves had been paroled from the
Pontiac reformatory through the in
fluepce Of the former executive, and
was employed as a servant in the home
of his benefactor, when he made away
with the tewelry.
Twice-a-week plain dealer. (Cresco, Howard County, Iowa) 1895-1913, 1905-07-18
HEART TO HEART TALKS,
A Few Words on a Fragrant Subject
to Crescn Men,

10 CfeScQ Men,
Smokes
Well, then, smoke good cigar.
Smoke a Wadsworth Bros. Chicos
straight &c. cigar that has more real
pleasure and enjoyment beneath it's
rich brown wrapper than the average
"ten CENTER"
Leading business and professional
men all over the country have a box
OF Wadsworth Bros. Chicos right at
hand to treat their friends and Gus.
toners. They would not do this up-
less the cigar was just what it is-all
long Havana filler, burning evenly
with long, white ash. P. a. Glen.
mer has the local agency for Wads.
worth Bros. Chicos, and says he never
before had cigar in his stock that
gave such universal satisfaction. Try
one and you will thank him for intro.
ducing 1t in Cresco. jun27 july 7-ls
Twice-a-week plain dealer. (Cresco, Howard County, Iowa) 1895-1913, 1905-07-18
Case of Nacassitu

How is it that you manage to keep
cheerful and optimistic in your writ,
ings day in and day out7" asked the
visiting friend.
Because know the boss'd fire me
II ! didn't" responded the newspaper
humoris., as he heaved a stable sigh.
Louisville Courier-Jouffal.
Twice-a-week plain dealer. (Cresco, Howard County, Iowa) 1895-1913, 1905-07-18
Pea sants Cain Concessions

London. July 1.-THE correspondent
Of the Standard at Odessa asserts that
with view to ayerting. arson and muir
der. the majority Of the landed pro-
prietors are now voluntarily conceding
to the revolutionary peasants one-third
Of their crops, and in many instances
one-third Of their live stock also.
Twice-a-week plain dealer. (Cresco, Howard County, Iowa) 1895-1913, 1905-07-18
Oldest Pythian Dead.

Rock Island, ILL.,, July Is. Richard
Wareham, the Oldest member of the
Knights of Pythias, died of heart fail
ure at his home here Friday. He was
70 years old and was the last
surviving charter member of the
original lodge organized at Wash
ington, D, G., In 1862. Wareham was an
engineer in the navy during the civil
war.
Twice-a-week plain dealer. (Cresco, Howard County, Iowa) 1895-1913, 1905-07-18
Man and wife Drowned.

ogdensburg, N. Y, July IL. - Mr.. and
Mrs. Thomas Kerouac, of St. Herbert,
who had only been married year,
have been drowned together in Lac
Grand Fouche by the leaking and subse-
quent laundering OF a boat in which they
were rowing. Mrs. Dumont, sister OF
Mrs. Kerouac, who accompanied them,
was picked UP alive after having been
in the water for two or three hours.
Twice-a-week plain dealer. (Cresco, Howard County, Iowa) 1895-1913, 1905-07-18
Died az Ripe Old Ace.

Boston, July Is. ~ BENJAMIN Webb
Williams, who a generation ago was a
pioneer in conducting lecturing tours
in the United States, died at his home
in Dorchester Thursday. He was 81
years old Among those who appeared
under Mr.. Williams management were
Henry Ward Beecher, Horace Greeley,
John B. Cough, Ralph Waldo Emerson,
Wendell Phillips and George William
Curtis.
Twice-a-week plain dealer. (Cresco, Howard County, Iowa) 1895-1913, 1905-07-18
Arrested on eerioug Charpe

Lima, o., July 16.-Albert Urfer,
aged "A, and Charles Fee, aged II, sons
Of prominent farmers two miles east
Of Lima, were arrested Friday by Penn
sylvania railroad detectives charged
with an attempt to wreck west-bound
passenger train No. IS. Angle irons
were placed on the track, and when the
obstruction was hit a brace rod on the
engine and two under the coaches were
broken, but the train kept the rails.
1--WE wanted to see wreck" is the
only explanation given.
Twice-a-week plain dealer. (Cresco, Howard County, Iowa) 1895-1913, 1905-07-18
Death Of pioneer Illinoisan

Peoria, ILL.,, July Is. - Auren Garrett,
one Of the pioneers Of Illinois, and for
70 years resident Of Peoria, is dead
here from heart failure and senility at
The age Of 81 years. Born In Litchfleld,
Conn, September %, 1878, he came here
in 1888. He was river pilot 20 years,
then embarked in mercantile pursuits;
amassing q competency. His father was
the late Col, Augustus q, Garrett.
Twice-a-week plain dealer. (Cresco, Howard County, Iowa) 1895-1913, 1905-07-18
Kansas Wheat orop,

Topeka, Kan, July 15.-aeneral
Freight Agent J. r. Koontz, Of the
Santa Fe, has estimated the Kansas
wheat crop for this year to be at least
82,500,o00 bushels, and is distributing
cars over the state on that basis. Mr..
Koontz states that from the reports be-
ing received by him the wheat is
threshing out exceedingly well.
Twice-a-week plain dealer. (Cresco, Howard County, Iowa) 1895-1913, 1905-07-18
Telephone Service Cripple

IeIePuuHe S1V1ce Urlppled.
Columbus, o., July il. - Fire early
Friday damaged the mechanical appara-
tus in the Central Union Telephone
company's building to such an extent
that the entire telephone service will be
suspended for days. The financial loss
to the company will reach perhaps j25,-
epo.
Twice-a-week plain dealer. (Cresco, Howard County, Iowa) 1895-1913, 1905-07-18
Operate on Gen. WOOD.

Boston, July Is. = Reports from Po-
casset, Cape Cod, say that Maj Gen.
Leonard Wood has just undergone the
delicate surgical operation Of trepan-
ming to remove bony growth on his
head. The operation, 1t is said was en-.
tirely successful, and the general is max
ing rapid progress toward recovery.
Twice-a-week plain dealer. (Cresco, Howard County, Iowa) 1895-1913, 1905-07-18
Helping on His Finish.

You'll find I'm hard to discourage.
said the persistent suitor, melodramat.
ically. Some day I'll make you ad,
NIT that you love men and then
and not till them will die happy"
{ "I'll say 1t now" replied the heart
less girl Il don't mind telling lie
for good end "-Phiiadelphia Press.
Twice-a-week plain dealer. (Cresco, Howard County, Iowa) 1895-1913, 1905-07-18
Rockefeller Alarmed.

Cleveland, o., July il. 1T is said
that John D. Rockefeller's fears for
his personal safety nave again become
paramount. The bodyguard at Forest
Hill is said to have been increased and
to have received renewed exhortation
to vigilance. Predictions are added
that Rockefeller will forego his free
auent appearances In public until the
agitation against him shall have died
away,
Twice-a-week plain dealer. (Cresco, Howard County, Iowa) 1895-1913, 1905-07-18
The Summer Rush.

40e SUINuIOC HUBn.
First Moth-Wher are you going e
spend the summer?
Second Moth have made arrange.
ments to board with a fur coat, but |
don't know whether I'll be able ia
stand 1t, it's fearfully crowded al.
ready.-Detroit Free Press.
Twice-a-week plain dealer. (Cresco, Howard County, Iowa) 1895-1913, 1905-07-18
Inherited,

Teacher-Johnny, what makes you
so stupid at sE4thmetic7
Johnny--lt comes natural, I guess,
I've often heard pa say that ma oouidn't
In& two And two tosethsrI--Detf6it
Free Press.
Twice-a-week plain dealer. (Cresco, Howard County, Iowa) 1895-1913, 1905-07-18
Mitchell Loses His sayings.

@@AAsSAASAA AAooSS 4AAo savings.
Wilkesbarre, Pa, July IS A report
has reached this city that President
John Mitchell Of the Mine Workers
union has lost $4,000 through the failure
of a bank at his home in Spring Val
ley, H., and that this sum represent
ed his entire savings.
Twice-a-week plain dealer. (Cresco, Howard County, Iowa) 1895-1913, 1905-07-18
First Bale Of new Cotton,

New Orleans, July is. = The first bale
Of the new crop cotton for this season
was received Friday. 1t was sold at auc-
ton for 20 cents pound and the pro.
cesH given to charity, as ID customary.
Twice-a-week plain dealer. (Cresco, Howard County, Iowa) 1895-1913, 1905-07-18
FOR SALE. /

The 3. |. lsbcll farm, 44O acres, In.
Paris Twp, Howard County, Iowa.
near Schley. Address A. w. or MRs.
3. 1. IsRELL. Cresco, Ia, r f DNo3,
Twice-a-week plain dealer. (Cresco, Howard County, Iowa) 1895-1913, 1905-07-18
Troops Murder Their oAcer,

. Tifiis, caucasia. July ia regiment
'of Russian sapers stationed at a small
village in the mountains near here has
murdered all it's officers and. 1t is ru-
mored, Joined the reyoiutiontsts
Twice-a-week plain dealer. (Cresco, Howard County, Iowa) 1895-1913, 1905-07-18
Farm for SaIel

100 acres 9 miles south OF Cresco.
Well improved. viii sell cheap il
sold soon. TOM BLAznK.
Twice-a-week plain dealer. (Cresco, Howard County, Iowa) 1895-1913, 1905-07-18
To Whom it May Concern!

/ am very pleased to say that Caesar
& Co., made their appearance at our
opera house on last Friday evening,
July It'll. The performance all
through was one Of the best OF its
kind we have ever had in the opera
house. The trunk mystery is with
out question the best thing I ever
saw and I do not except Hermann or
Keller.
] do not hesitate in recommending
Caesar = Co., to any opera house
manager, as ! know the performance
will pleese everyone who sees it.
Respectfully yours,
Twice-a-week plain dealer. (Cresco, Howard County, Iowa) 1895-1913, 1905-07-18
A Gold Mine at Protivin, Iowa!

Big chance for good business man.
We offer our entire stock Of groceries,
dry goods and general merchandise
for sale, with buildings or without to
suit. Reason for selling, falling
health of manager. Write or en-
quire MIKEsH s. CESAR,
CLIMB Protivin, la.
Twice-a-week plain dealer. (Cresco, Howard County, Iowa) 1895-1913, 1905-07-18
1 Isi
Mgr. Grand Opera House,

DEBORAH, Ia.
Mysterious Caesar s. Co., will give
two en-. ertainments In Cresco at the
opera house, Thursday and Friday
nights, July goth and 21st Admis,
sion to any part Of the house, Csc.
Twice-a-week plain dealer. (Cresco, Howard County, Iowa) 1895-1913, 1905-07-18
One Drawback,

Tramp-No, mum; can't chop wood
/, to-day. amt got the power.
Farmers Wife Power? A big,
strong man like you.
eth will power, mean slAIsas Cas-
.ss!.:.; :,
Twice-a-week plain dealer. (Cresco, Howard County, Iowa) 1895-1913, 1905-07-18

There will be no services in Grace
Episcopal church on Sunday, Ju'y
2Srd. Sunday school will be held at
the usual huat.
Twice-a-week plain dealer. (Cresco, Howard County, Iowa) 1895-1913, 1905-07-18
Hobson's Choice.

/ Ethel--yes, I'm going in for teach
ing.
MarjoryY You going in for teach
ing? Why, i weuld rather marry Q
widower with half-a-dozen children.
Ethel with a sigh)-Sp would 1
But where's the widower?--Tit- Bits.
The Caucasian. (Shreveport, La.) 1900-192?, 1905-03-12
TIE A SESSMENTS.

That assessments are grossly unequal
throughout the State has long been a
matter Of fact, which no one was dis
posed to deny But the taking up of the
matter at this time in the face of an
oser-large appropriation bill gives rise
10 the fear that the gauge vii be set for
higher assessment -'.the debased shall
Be made high. and not the high brought
low. The majority Of taxpayers. anx-
aosis as tey are TO appear well abroad,
BY . high valuation upon real estate, are
loo well aware that highly assessed
property in time may become subject
for the highest rate Of taxes, and usually
does from bodies having the taxing
power. The people are extremely So
iacitous to keep well within the protee-.
tIon Of q decent, but low, rather than
high assessment specially at this time.
Felicians Democrat
The taxpayers can have no voice ii
this matter II there Be deficit OF
$oo.ooo the taxpayers must be assessed
70 liluidate, such Is the silent decree and
there IS no escape
The Caucasian. (Shreveport, La.) 1900-192?, 1905-03-12
BOARD OF HEALTH.

Vital statistics of Shreveport for the
week ending March IL. 1905:
q, Marriages-White: J. c. Adams and
Carrie Gillispie; James L. Smith and
Minnie Hardy; Horace NJ. Carpenter
and Cora B. Huckins. Colored: J. H
Halter and Murmur Shelton; E. F.
Perry and. Matte Thomas; Robert
johnson and Edith Brown.
Births-White: J. B. Morris and wife,
girl; John Fitzgerald and wife, girl; w.
B. Noel and wife, boy. Colored: E.
Brown and wife. boy; William Black
man and wife, boy; Walter Reed and
wife boy; 0. P. Anderson and wife,
boy; Mathew Simmons and wife, girl.
Still Births-Colored: Child of Evan
giline Dorley, boy.
Deaths-White: Alice Dutherage, Is
years; Ruth NJ. Black, month; Mrs.
H. A. Bonner, 81 years. Colored: Wal
ter Watts, IS years; Wyatt Simpson, "a
years; c. S. Williams. IS years; Thomas
"a years; c. N. Johnson. 5
months; William Gross, "a years; Will
liam Dickman. 6S years; Bitha Rober%
son, 70 years: Ed Williams, 70 years.
Of the above died at charity hospital
]. C. EGAN, Health Officer