davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune., 1905-08-29

nrefar tbe nrineiples of The Hague Treaty.
1 Granted that most international disputes could
and should be settled by appeal to court there
are some not only conceivable, Dut actudl
which no self-respecting nation should or could
TINS remit To put into treaty compulsory
cIause recurring the signatories to submit all
questions of honor, integrity and life itself, TO
alien arbitration and be bound by the result
would simply be to debar nations from signing
IL Again, TO say that the verdict In any case
shall have no binding force, but may De repuol-
ated by either of the litigants, would he TO de-
feat the whole object Of arbitration and TO DrlhS
the whole process into contempt To DO mat
might OF course. induce nations to sign the
treaty in a spirit of Indifference; for they might
not object to arbltratIng any case so long as the
arbitration was to have no binding force. But
that is not the spirit in which nations should
enter into such an agreement.
There is another objection which will doubt
less be raised against the model treaty, ana
which seems to us not devoid Of force. In its
preamble the treaty recognizes 1.-THE right OF
every nation to organize itself In such man
''ner as it shall choose and to be supreme in its
.'own domain" Yet in Article III it requires
that. when nation decides TO reject an arbitral
award and to go TO war, "the question of war
''or of peace shall be referred to the people for
their decision" Surely that would be an In
reference with the right Of every nation to or
ganize itself in its own way. Our Constitution
vests in Congress the power to declare war, but
this treaty would compel the adoption of the
plebiscitary referendum, thing foreign to our
organization. In Russia the war making power
resides in the Emperor alone, but this treaty
would compel the autocracy to abdicate in favor
of universal suffrage
The proposal OF such revolutionary changes
In arbtral procedure and in the sovereign rights
of individual nations will not command univer-
sal approval. 1t may, however, give rise to some
profitable discussion and to increased discrimi-
nation between what is and what is not pracd-
cal in international affairs.
New-York tribune., 1905-08-29
STILL WORKING FOR PEACE.

Another days postponement at Portsmouth
affords other opportunities for peace making and
arOuses renewed hopes that they may prove
successful. The japanese ENJOYS announced
last night through their official mouthpece,
that they are authorized to make further con-
cesstons TO Russia, and these will be presented
to-day when the conference is resumed. What
these concessions are we may not know in ad-
vance, but they presumably represent the ut
most limit to which the NIikado and his ad-
visers are willing 10 go in order to end the war.
Let US hope that Russia, in considering these
new propositions, will realize the tremendous
responsibility that is upon her TO find if posi-
bic, an honorable path to peace and that she
may not lightly reject them without weighing
all the consequences.
There is TO be borne in mind, too, the mega
tive influence that is operating for peace, in
the form of the consideration Of what would
happen if peace were not made. The failure of
the conference would not mean merely that no
peace would be made. 1t would mean that war
was TO be actively renewed. Failure to make
peace would in effect be declaration of war
and that would be really a more serious thing
than the declaration of war in February of
last year for if President Roosevelts efforts
at peace making were to be defeated. there
would be little chance of their being renewed
by any one hereafter. The belligerents would
be left to fight to a finish unless, indeed,
other nations were in some way constrained to
intervene with force and arms. The next peace
making whenever it came, would be much
more difficult to arrange than this has been,
and the terms of the treaty would probably be
much less favorable for at least one Of the par
ties TO the war.
1t might be a comparatively easy thing for
either government to say it would not assent to
this or TO that condition OF peace. 1t would
be far more serious and onerous thing for it
substantially TO declare for war. Yet the one
involves the other.
New-York tribune., 1905-08-29
FEDERAL SUPERVISION.

An interesting contribution to tine vast vol
ume Of recent comment on insurance matters
was made at Seattle yesterday by Mr.. Thomas
f. Ryan. We did not hesitate to say at the
time Mr.. Ryan acquired control of the Equita-
BILE stock that he had performed an important
service at q critical moment, and we have seen
no reason to change the opinion then expressed.
He makes modest allusion TO that purchase.
saying that many other men would readily have
done what he did had they been in n position
to understand the situation as well. That may
be true but it does not detract from the credit
due Mr.. Ryan. Equitable policyholders will be
glad to hear him include among the objects Of
the new Equitable management reduction In
the cost Of insurance and to note his declara-
ton that the business of the company is to
be conducted hereafter with due regard to pub
lie sentiment" THE management of all great
life insurance companies" he says, must be
come an open book, or the confidence which
'rs the very foundation on which they exist
will not soon be restored"
Mr.. Ryans conviction that the federal gov
ernment should have practically the same SUI
pervision over life insurance companies that it
has over national banks Is in accordance with
the views which have recently been expressed
by other men having large personal interest
in the insurance business. This concurrence of
opinion among such men is likely, in some quar-
ters, to seem suspicious indeed, that concep-
ton of it has already been expressed-but such
an excuse for hostility to the scheme Of federal
supervision is not rational or creditable in any
way. The question is one Of much Importance
and ought to be thoroughly considered. For
that reason every responsible utterance which
directs attention TO it in an impressive manner
should be welcomed.
New-York tribune., 1905-08-29
moUJIKs AND THE DOUMA.

The course TO be pursued by the peasants Is
after all, the most important consideration in
the new order Of things In Russia, for Russia is
in the last analysis an empire Of peasants. That
class Of the population enormously Outnumbers
all others, and on the basis Of universal suffrage
would have complete control of the government
OF course there is not TO be, as at present there
probably should not be, anything like uni
versal suffrage under the recent procama
ton for a national assembly. Perhaps not more
than one person in a hundred will have ballot
and it is understood that the qualifications are
so arranged that the peasants will not be repre-
sented anything like proportionately to their
numbers. The landed proprietors and mer-
chants will have the majority. Nevertheless, the
moujik representatives in the DOuma will GER
tainly make their presence felt and the unques-
tionable tendency of things will be toward
more extended suffrage and equita BILE represen-
tation for all according to their numbers.
1t is therefore interesting to observe the ends
the peasants aiming at, and indeed, strong
ly demanding. There has just been held at Mos
COW a congress Of the Peasants Union attended
by delegates from twenty-five provinces of the
empire II unanimously adopted resolutions
calling for universal suffrage and direct voting
powers for all persons Of both sexes over twenty
years of age; for constituent assembly elected
by such suffrage which shall have the power Of
legislative initiative and control of the pubIic
finances, as well as supervision over the admin
istrati0n; for obligatory free and secular ele-
mentary education, and for peasant proprietor
ship to be attained through the handing over to
the people OF the lands now held by monasteries
and other religious corporations.
That is the programme OF the peasants who
form the overwhelming mass of the Russian
people. That the system established bv the
Cars proclamation win be accepted as sub
stitute for II Is not Imaginable 1t may at hast
New-York tribune., 1905-08-29
Iepp ppprk DaiIu 0ribn1te
TUESDAY. AUGUST 29. 1905.
TIE NEWS THIS MORNING.

Observation-Disclosures orders have been is
sued IL twelve Russian governments ana thS
Don region - The news OF a nau4nal rs1s as
bly, was received with apathy in the eau
casus. - The Inter-Parliamentary Congress
opened its sessions at Brussels; the programme
Of subjects for the Peace Conference at Inc
Hague was introduced and a motion was Of
fered for the establishment OF a Senate ana
House 10 assist the work Of the conference
- France ordered two cruisers held ready
70 san for Morocco to enforce demands for the
release Of the French-Algerian merchant. -
The sudden death Of N Cromer, chairman Of
the board Of directors OF a refining company
caused great fail IN sugar shares onShe Paris
Exchange. - The visit Of the British Chan
mel Fleet 10 Swinemunde was received with
courtesy by the German officials. - Secretary
Taft and his party returned 10 Manila; the
Korea with a number OF the visitors. will sail
for Hong Kong on August 81 - German
marines in East Africa inflicted a severe defeat
on q band OF native insurgents.
DCMESTIC-Mr. Sato. the spokesman Of the
japanese peace mission, said at Portsmouth
that the japanese Plenipotentiaries had been IN
structed from Toxic 10 make further conces-
sions in the interests OF peace; the ENJOYS will
meet at $50 o'clock this morning to consider
The new proposals. = J ?. Morgan visited
oyster Bay 10 confer with the President on the
Canton -Hankow railway concession. - Ed
win s. Holmes. Jr- was admitted TO bail in the
District Of Columbia in $4,000; District Attor-
ney Bach said that Holmes cleared $4,000 in
December. - There were forty-five new
cases @-e deaths from yellow fever in New
9F % The The 8gs5efS P32S Of Of td Dahy PFs T256
Of Mr.. arr Mrs. John W Rogers who last Fri
DAY abandoned InelT TWO children IN q MOTEL IN
that city. = Thirteen persons were injured
IN q bargain counter rush a. Indianapolis. 80
The opposing attorneys in the Taggart divorce
case at Wooster. Ohio. nearly TO blows in
the courtroom Mayor Dunno announced
that Chicago prisons were overcrowded -
The engineer and fireman Of the train which
killed Harris Lindsey and his fance, at Ben
nington. Vt, were exonerated by the local au-
1hoTitfes-
CITT.-Stocks closed lower. - Thomas F.
Ryan declared himself in favor of federal con-
trol or insurance == a balcony on the build
ing OF the hnickerbocker Athletic Club fell,
burying six woTkrnen and killing one - A
wonan's body borne from waves at Coney
Island as the message Of her brother-in-laW's
death IN Arkansas reached there. 80 The at
torneys for Messrs. Peckham and Haas, indicted
In connection with the cotton Leak scandal
SAID that they would resist any attempt to take
their clients 70 Washington. == Through the
shifting OF caisson 250-ton block Of cement
was throw into an excavation, injuring three
men
THE NEUTRALITY-SUSPICIOUS. for to-day:
Partly cloudy; light to fresh south to southwest
winds The temperature yesterday: Highest, IA
Degree lowest, 81.
New-York tribune., 1905-08-29
To,noRRows SOLAR ECLIPSE.

Devotees Of stellar science will hope that fine
weather will facilitate observations of the eclipse
Of the sun which has been predicted for Wednes-
day. 1t is only along the narrow track Of
totality that work of any value, visual or photo
graphic, can be done. Opportunities for such
study are afforded so infrequently and astron-
omers travel so far and incur such great expense
in order to utilize them that it is pity to have
their efforts thwarted by cloudiness. as only
too often happens.
Though a solution of many other problems re-
lating to the sun is sought during an eclipse, the
chief point Of attack is the corona, that gauzy
envelope which reaches outward from the body
which it surrounds for a distance equal to two
or three solar diameters This seems TO vary
in size and form from time to time; and some
Of the changes are apparently dependent upon
the abundance and scarcity Of sun spots. The
arrangement of the corona, or at least of its
outermost parts, is often fbrous and feathery.
Furthermore the spectrOscope indicates that a
portion of the material Of which this envelope
is composed resembles dust in SOlidity, for it
shines by reflected light while associated with
the particles is a cloud of inCandescent gas. 1t
yet remains. however, to be ascertained whether
the formation of the cOrOnal tufts and streamers
is product OF eruptive forces or of electric re-
pulsion Does the corona change only in shape
or is fresh matter being thrown into it from the
~
part of the envelope? Does it travel still fur
ther away into space: How intimate is the re
latiOn between the alterations in form and
structure and the development of spots and
promnences on the suns surface? Again can
the emission of sensible heat from any part of
the corona be detected? These are a few of
the questions with which students of solar
physics are now wrestling
Astronomers are not content to secure photo
graphs of the corona at only single point If
they could obtain them at stations widely sep
arated in actual time by two three hours,
there would be a chance that sufficient differ
ence would be discovered to indicate an abrupt
change in form. If, as Is not unlikely, the
change thus revealed could then be connected
with some other solar phenomenon, suggestive
clew might be furnished. As the sun is now
apparently close to the maximum stage Of its
eleven year spot period there is certainly bet
ter prospect of making such a discovery this
year than some future occasions-provided
of course, that cloudy skies do not prevent
New-York tribune., 1905-08-29
SOCIAL NOTES FROM NEWPORT.
IBy Telegraph to The Tribune.I


Newport, R. l., Aug. &.-It was more Ike No
vember In Newport to-day than like the latter part
Of August. 1t so cool that It was necessary
10 keep wood fires going in the cottages and MANY
wore wraps and furs at the Casino this morning
1t was nevertheless bracing day. and put life
into everybody At the tennis games this morning
there the largest crowd OF the season possibly
with the exception Of the championship doubles
and at the polo match this afternoon the attend
large.
There were number OF social gatherings to-day
the largest being the ball given by Mrs Cornelius
Vanderbilt at The Breakers in honor Of her daugh
ter, Miss Gladys Vanderbilt, which was attended
by five hundred This Is the first large affair OF
the kind that has ever been given at The Breakers
and the first FOR Miss Vanderbilt. who was only,
introduced to society last winter. The guests ss
they arrived were received by Mrs. Vanderbilt and
Miss Vanderbilt IN the drawing room after which
they passed into the large hail. which runs through
the house. where the dancing was held the music
being furnished by the Casino orchestra which
was enlarged to thirty-fve pieces
Supper served early in the evening 4, ,b
dining room at small round tables decorated Uy,tb
red. white, yellow and pink flowers Following ~.
supper the cotillon danced being led nv
Worthington Whitehouse, who danced with Miss
Vanderbilt. Several original figures were Intro
duced. one being automobile figure for which
the favors We're automobile goggles. which var
worn by the guests during the figure Favors sor
the other figures were gold and silver trinkets
Following the cotllon another supper was served
New-York tribune., 1905-08-29
TOO OLD FOR THE BENCH.

The action of Magistrate Pool on Saturday in
forcing woman accused of assaulting another
woman whom she found walking with her hus-
band to make a charge of non-support against
the husband, a well-to-dO cigarmaker, is, to
say the least of it, much to be regretted. His
refusal to accept valid surety for the bond
which he demanded, against the protest of the
wife, is an added cause Of regret, which, fortu-
nately, was remedied almost Immediately by the
action of another magistrate
The Tribune has on previous occasions called
attention to the shortcomings of some of our
police magistrates. These occasions, however.
have usually arisen merely through faulty judg-
ment hasty and i'll considered speech on the
part Of the judges criticised. The present case,
however, involved the endangering of the liber-
ties of a man who was not merely innocent,
but even unaccused.
Magistrate Pool, doubt. means to be a
fair and just judge. He is, however, a very old
mamie was past the age Of mental and physi-
cal vigor required for the place he holds when
he was appointed several years ago. 1t is no
reflection on his character or his good inten-
tons TO say that the weaknesses of extreme
age have taken so firm hold on him that his
continuance on the bench is inadvisabe. In
deed, after the performance Of Saturday, it is
a positive menace. In all kindness be 1t said,
he should make way for a younger man.
New-York tribune., 1905-08-29
REVoLUrIoSIzIYG ARBITRATION.

MI Bartholdts model treaty" OF which
much has been heard in advance is the most
interesting subject under consideration at the
lnterpariiamentary Congress at Brussels and
VIII doubtless be widely discussed throughout
The Wcrld. 1t deserves TO be regarded with seri-
BUSINESS and respect, as an intelligent and benev-
Olent contribution 10 the cause OF peace and
progress. But IL proposes so radical and revo-
lutionary change ia arbtral procedure and so
striking reversal Of the principles of the Trea-
y Of The Hague that ii certainly will not com
m2nd immediate acceptance, and il may meet
with the strongest criticism and opposition
among the advocates Of international arbitra-
ton.
It's marked divergence from, or even antag-
onism TO, the principles Of The Hague and those
which heretofore have generally prevailed in
arbitration may be perceived through a brief
comparison. The Treaty Of The Hague comedies
the right Of every nation to determine for itself
what disputes are and what are not arbitrable
but explicitly binds every nation entering the
court 10 accept The verdict The Arbitration
Convention" it says, implies the engagement
10 submit Loyalty to the award This model
treaty" on the other hand. denies the right Of
choice and insists that all disputes, Of whatever
character, shall be submitted 10 an international
tribunal but releases the parties 10 them from
obligation 10 accept the award The Hague
Treaty says in effect: You may submit your
ease 20 arbitration or not, as you please; but
Ii you do you are bound TO accept the award" E"
The model treaty" says: You are bound to
submit your case 10 arbitration, whether you
want to or not, but you are quite free 10 reject
the award"
We must frankly say that prefer, and we
ksllsYe the better judgment Of the world will
New-York tribune., 1905-08-29
THE INAUGURATION DATE

We are glad to learn that the agitation for
a constitutional amendment changing the date
of the Presidential Inauguration, revived in
Washington last March, is making substantial
headway. Our Washington dispatches report
that fOrty-one Governors Of states and terrific
ries have agreed to serve on the committee
which will draw the necessary amendment and
urge its acceptance by Congress and its rati-
fcadon by the state legislatures. The COM
mittee will organize in November and will ask
the 59th Congress to approve and submit the
amendment as soon as practicable The change
proposed-whatever may be its exact and final
form-win not take effect until 1913, so that
ample time will be given for all the states to
act. The legislatures Of Mississippi and Louis
lana will not meet again in regular session until
1903. Virginias legislature, If it adjourns next
year before an amendment can be submitted,
will not meet again until 1910. 1t is apparent,
therefore, that the change desired can be eff
fected only tarduy, and that the committee is
wise both in planning far ahead and in making
a start early as possible.
The letters written by the Governors who
have accepted appointments to the committee
show that the reform proposed commends itself
to general favor The Washington members of
the committee seem to have emphasized sue
cessfully the desirability of escaping the perils
and dscomforts of midwinter inauguration.
March 4 last though the last Inauguration Day
compared with many others, clement and
genial Three distinguished participants in the
ceremonies sacrificed their lives this year to the
exigences of an unreasonable outdoor specta
Gle. Manuel de AspiroZ the Ambassador of
Mexico; Senator William B. Bate, Of Tennessee
and Justice Lawrence Weldon, of the United
States Court Of Claims required by etiquette
to take part in the exercises on the CAPITOL
steps, all died a result of Illness there con-
tracted. The public is beginning to realize that
it is both cruel and senseless to invite-and in
a measure compel-the justices of the Supreme
Court the other justices resident in Washing
ton, the diplomatic corps, the Cabinet and the
members of both branches OF Congress To sit
or stand unsheltered through what is often a
half-hour ceremonial in a drenching rain. The
perils and annoyances Of such a stupid adber
ence TO tradition and the discomforts caused TO
the thousands who gather in Washington to on
joy the Inauguration display are accepted by the
state executives generally as sufficient ground
for reforming badly regulated political cal.
endar
We hope, however, that, If the calendar is to
be revised, Congress will accept no such COM
nromise as merely Dostponing the date of the
New-York tribune., 1905-08-29
Abouf People and Social incidents.

and then there was general dancing until nnor--
ing The loggia facing the cliffs was used bT ~.
men for smoking room. while settees plscss
around the electric fountain under the main stair
way in the hall. On September Mrs. Vandsrbilt
will give private theatricals at The Breakers
LuncheOns were given this afternoon hy 2Irs
C. Derby ard Mrs. W. H. Sands. and Nra. Z u
NELL gave card party.
A large number Of the cottagers attended ths =.
citsl given this afternoon at the home Os M
John J. Mason. the sOloist being Julian Pascal
This evening cottage dinners were given By Mr.
William p. Thompson. Mrs. Ogden Mills Mr..
Thomas McKean. Mrs. David King and Mrs. Olfv.-
Hartman. The guests from the various dinner,
later drove 70 the Vanderbilt ball
It Is now expected that Senator George Psabodv
Wetmore will be able 70 be brought from Ns4-
York this week
Mr.. and Mrs. Frederick W Vanderbilt arrtz.a
at Newport this afternoon On the steam zach.
Warrior.
Ir. and Mrs. Alexander Van Rensselaer, VITA
party Of guests, are here on the steam yacht Nay
New-York tribune., 1905-08-29
NEwYoR1z DAILY TRIBUNE. TUESDAY. AUGUST 29 1908

inauguration for seven or eight weeks WIN
out actually changing the date on which the
forms of the new President and the new Con-
grass begin. If a President takes oft1ce on
March 4 and one Congress gives way for an
other on that date, March must remain tne
niyotal day in our political year, and TO ceie-
brate an anniversary two months after IL mas
really occurred hardly accords with American
standards of fitness and practical sense. we
might as well post-date the Christmas hohdays
and celebrate them in April or May Ii is as
highly desirable to lengthen the present snort
session of Congress as it is to escape the annoy
ances of a winter season Inauguration. ana the
shifting of the division line between Presldenuai
terms from March to April 80 would kill both
birds with one stone.