davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1905-04-14
DISAPPROVE WHIPPING-POsT
Use Of the Degrading Implement Of
Public Punishment Discount
tenanced in All Lands.

Notwithstanding the advocacy now
and then of the rehabilitation of the
whipping post. that form of punishment
is losing rather than gaining ground in
civilized countries, says Law Notes. It
is now inflicted in England and in only
a few of the continental countries of
Europe. In the United States it is used
only in Delaware and Maryland. And
perhaps it still obtains to some extent
in Australia. The punishment is not
inflicted upon women in England, Della
ware or Maryland.
In England there is an increasing re-
luctar>e on the part of the judges to in
flict the punishment
A late return shows that this form of
punishment was ordered only in 16
cases in 1903. Seven of these sentences
were passed at the Central criminal
court, five by Judge Rentoul and two by
the common sergeant 1t is interesting
to notice that Mr.. Justice Wills, Mr..
Justice Lawrence and Mr.. Justice OAR
ling are the only three high court judges
who ordered the use of the "cat" F1og-
ging has been practically discarded in
English convict prisons as means of
prison discipline; and a few years ago
a, bill to extend the whipping post to a
number of offenses not punishable in
that manner was refused a second read
ing by the decisive vote of 1875 to Y.
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1905-04-14
is A STATE OF LONGEVITY
Virginia Has Had Two Citizens Who
Lived to the Age of One Hun
dred and Thirty.

Mine is the prize state for longevity, -
said Virginian who registered at a
Chestnut street hotel to Philadelphia
Press man. Il can produce a list of 10
former citizens and slaves of my state
whose years when they died aggregated
2,241 years. Of the 10 persons named the
youngest when he died was 10 years
old. Two lived to be- 13O one to be 126.
two to be 121, one to be 116, two lis,
three ia, one 113. two 112, two Ill, one
ITO, one 12O and one, negro, lived to the
ripe old age of 1876 years. Of the 10 per-
sons only six were negroes; all the
others were whites. While l am in the
humor will tell another one. There is.
or was, a few years ago, standing on the
banks of Neabsco creek, Virginia. a
tombstone carrying probably the oldest
monumental inscription in the United
States. The date is 1908, and it is
thought that the deceased was one OF
John Smiths men. This is the inscrlp-
ton: Here lies We pody of Lieut.. Will
liam Herbs, who died May ye 18th, 1908:
aged IS years; by birth Briton: a good
soldier; good husband and neighbour -
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1905-04-14
RIGHT THOUGHT BARS AGE
There Is Longevity in Cheerfulness,
Says Writer-Forget
Trouble.

Bitter memories Of sinful life
which has all gone wrong make pre-
mature burrows in the face take the
brightness from the eyes, and the elias
ITCHY from the step, says a writer in
Success, and make ones life saDless
and uninteresting.
We grow old because we do not
know enough to keep young. just as we
become sick and diseased because we
do not know enough to keep we'll. Sick
ness is result Of ignorance and wrong
thinking. The time will come when a
man will no more harbor thoughts that
will make him sick or weak than he
would think Of putting his hands into
fire. No man can be sick if he ALWAYS
has right thoughts and takes ordinary
care of his body. If he will think only
youthful thoughts he can maintain his
youth far beyond the usual period.
If you would 'be young when old -
adopt the sun dial's motto-"I record
none but hours CT sunshine" Never
mind the dark or Swallowed hours. For
get the unpleasant, unhappy days. Re-
member only the days of rich expert
ences; let the other drop into oblivion.
1t is said that 'long livers are great
hopers>" If you keep your hope bright
In spite Of discouragements, and meet
all difficulties with cheerful face, it
will be very difficult for age to trace
It's burrows on Your brow. There is
longevity in cherefulness.
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1905-04-14
AWFUL DOSE CURES SULTAN
Directions Of American Surgeon Mis-
understood by Mindeaao
Ruler.

This actually happened in Mindanao,
geon himself, relates the Brooklyn
Eagle.
He was seated in his tent one morning
when a number of the followers of the
sultan of Pantar came hurrying to him,
saying the sultan was dying of cholera.
Aided by the slight knowledge he then
had of their language, the surgeon dag
nosed the case from their reports az a
well-nigh hopeless one. Still, anxious
to show the skill and friendliness of the
American for the Moro brother, he
hastily made up six powders, each con-
phine and 80 grains of bismuth. These
he gave to the emissaries, telling them
to give the sultan one of them in a. glass
of boiled water every three hours and
to report to him next morning how the
patient was getting along.
The next morning the surgeon was
more than surprised to see the sultan
himself walk into the tent. Wan and
weak as he was, he had come some
eight miles to thank the surgeon per-
sonally for having saved his life, and
had brought with him one of his sub
jects who spoke Spanish well enough
to serve as an interpreter.
1t was through this Interpreter that
the surgeon learned how his directions
had been followed. First, they had
given the entire six powders to the sui
tan at one dose-a full grain of NOR
phine and 100 grains of bismuth-and
then had poured tumblerful of boiling
water into him every three hours after
ward, scalding his mouth and throat so
that he could hardly speak.
But it cured him. and the surgeon says
the same treatment cured many another
Moro who would probably have died I'M
der lesser doses.
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1905-04-14
COLORS TELL AGE OF STARS
Astronomers Enabled 10 Estimate the
Age of Orbs by Spectre
scopic Analysis.

AS a star contracts from the sur
rounding nebulous matter from which
it was thrown off, it's temperature rises
and with this augmented heat occurs
a change both in the stars spectrum
and color. Red-hoA iron is not nearly
SO hot as white-hot iron. BY observ-
ing the various changes in tint which
the metal undergoes the foundryman
is able to tell with considerable accura-
cy its degree of heat, says the Book
lovers Magazine. A somewhat similar
method of gauging a stars tempera
ture, and therefore its age, is relied
upon by the astronomer. Color, then
and spectroscopic analysis enable the
astronomer to estimate the age Of OrbS
that are only beginning to exist as
stars, and others whose light is fast
fading.
After having coagulated, as it were.
from a nebulous mass, a star assumes
color that may be best described as
an intense bluishwhite, much like that
of the electric arc. Stars of that hue
are, therefore, in their infancy. Then
comes the white stage, followed by the
yellow, orange and red-each succeed
ing hue indicating greater celestial an
tiquity than the last. Up to the yellow
period the star as it contracts grows
hotter and hotter. Then a gradual
cooling takes place. Accompanying the
changes in color are changes in the
spectrum of the star-chapges that in
dictate modification in physical struc-
ture. In the blush white period OF
stars infancy the characteristic wide
lines of hydrogen gas predominant in
+he spectrum. AS the color changes.
the lines of calcium, magnesium ana
iron appear, the hydrogen lines grad
ually becoming thinner and those of
calcium broader.
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1905-04-14
Filipino Tradinc

A traveller in the Philippines gives this
experience on the island of Negroes. HI,
had gone to the open-air market, where
the native women sit squatting in a row
prepared for the long financial argu-
ments that follow the customers frs,
mention of a price. How much ?''
asked the visitor, pointing to some
mangoes. Three cents EACH" was the
answer. There were six mangoes in the
basket, and the traveller took them ali
and laid a 20-cent piece in the sellers
lap. But she angrily snatched them
back, and also returned the coin. They
are three cents. If you buy them separ-
ately,' said she. IT you buy the lot,
you will have to pay five cents, for |
shall have none to sell to other people. y
Youths Companion.
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1905-04-14
UNITED STATES AND GUAM
Conditions in the Island at Present
Leave Much to Be
Hoped For.

Secretary Morton, whose province it
is to foster the prosperity and happiness
of Guam, informs the country that con-
ditions there leave much to be desired,
and that we cannot escape the blame
The fact is that congress has neglected
Guam, but that is partly due to public
forgetfulness, says the New York Tri5-
une. Whereas formerly the Spanish
government betrayed four-fifths of the
cost of the local administration, the peo-
pie now have to bear all the burden them
selves, and are consequently overtaxed
There used to be a line of steamers run
ming twice month to and from Manila,
but at present the inhabitants have to
rely on the irregular and exorbitant
services of Japanese sailing vessels for
the shipment of their copra, coffee and
cocoa. There are not schools enough, and
the children have scant opportunities
to acquire knowledge of the noble Eng
lish tongue. The judicial system is un-
satisfactory and perhaps oppressive
owing to the fact that no right of appeal
exists, The people are docile. and might
become thrifty if they had fair chance
The resources of the island are not to
be despised, but there is no inducement
to develop them. In short the institu-
tons which we vouchsafe do not suit
the requirements Of the case and ought
to be overhauled. 1t will be pity and a
discredit to the United States if some
thing more and better is not done for
Guam.
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1905-04-14
FORCING FLOWERS BY FIRE
Remarkable Result Of a Fire Last
ing Only Four Hours in
French Town.

That flowers can be forced by heat
such as is usually supplied to glass
houses is, OF course, an old story; but:
that the direct action of nre heat can
have any effect in fastening the bloom
ing of plants is a fresh suggestion, but
one that in these days, when flowers
are demanded in season, out of sea-
son, at all times and of every kind and
country, is worth consideration, says
Chambers Journal. Great events have
frequently sprung from the smallest or
the most apparently indirect causes,
and a serious fire that broke out last
September at Chansee- sur Marne, be-
tween Chalons and Vitry-le-Francois,
in France while it destroyed the great
er portion Of a populous village, ruin
ing many of it's inhabitants, may yet
have as a. result the even greater de-
velopment OF an industry that gives
employment to thousands of people.
The fire, which ragged on one side of
the village, made a clean sweep. of ev-
erything before it in the way OF build
ings, and only paused when there was
nothing to lick up except the orchards
that once formed hedge between the
homesteads and the open country.
Even then, it was hardly satiated, for
1t greedily devoured the two first ranks
OF apple and pear trees, leaving moth
ing but cinders; the next three rows,
though very scorched, were not quite
destroyed, the farthest away being
naturally the least affected Some of
the boughs escaped all hsft, and it
was with these that the very curious
phenomenon was observed which mer-
it's attention. 4 second Towering COM
menced at once, and by the end of Oc-
tober all the trees farthest from the
scene of the fire were in full bloom, as
though called to renewed life by the
fresh voice of May, instead of hushing
to s1umber with tina lullaby of Octo-
Der. At another point the flames had
swept close to large lilac tree, and
this, as we'll as some plum trees, be-
Wildered by what must have seemed to
it a sudden return of summer, put on
once more it's bridal robes
1t must be mentioned that the fire
only lasted four hours. 1t will be no.
tlced, therefore, that there was no re-
semblance between this sudden blast
of heat and the ordinary gradual fore
ing to which plants are submitted.
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1905-04-14
FIGHTING IN PHILIPPINES.
Experience Of American Soldiers I'm.
der Fire in Battle with
Natives.

There are some graphic touches in the
report of Lieut.. Fred S. Young in which
he tells Of battle in Mindanao last sum-
mer about 4:30 this morning" he
writes, 1.-THE enemy attacked US from
across the river at our camp, just be-
low the outpost near the Moro camp.
The command turned cut promptly and
drove them off in less than Is minutes.
AS soon as the men could obtain break
fast I took 80 across the river to fol-
law the trail, if possible. We left camp
at 6:30 and arrived in front of the en-
envy at about 80 AS we approached
the enemy's position the trail opened
into one more distinct in appearance.
through a slough 800 feet from the en-
emy's position. This is the trail we
were in during the fight which followed
We had gone some $50 yards on this
trail, and were, found later, within 50
yards OF the river, when the guide
stopped and held up his hand. Gam
por, the Moro Interpreter, who was with
him, said to me: 'Mucho heinte.'
kept the command quiet and sent the
interpreter forward to reconnoiter Our
position was on a small piece of ground
on the edge of the river, and could not
lind more than 20 feet of firm ground
to operate on. Although had the high
grass broken on either side of our line
nothing but water was found.
I'VE were cooped on this spot for As
minutes, during which time we fired
and were fired upon necessarily. So
soon as the enemy returned our fire
my men were ordered to lie down, and
l Kept them down. 1t was a brave
man who stood up, as the enemy knew
bur position and had firm ground up
and down the river on their side. They
had positions from behind which they
tired, and they kept their cover we'll.
-FOUR of our men were wounded. The
enemy's casualties were unknown. We
tired over 1900 rounds, and SO of the
enemy killed is considered conserva-
tive estimate. The men of our side
were hit trying to get good aim over the
high grass, and had to rise behind cover
to do it. They all deserve great credit
Tor their work. They were hit at vari-
Gus times, and not until the surgeon
urgently recommended that they need
ed prompt attention did the command
retire.
Il spent 80 minutes trying to find
place from which l could find the en-
envy, but found none; we could hardly
get room to fire. The men were kneel-
ing in mud hole, half under water.
We seemed to be on the only firm
grousd on our side. When the order
was finally given to retire we had ST.
fenced the enemys fire, and the COM
mand was ordered to fire volleys. There
seemed to be no way to cross the river.
and as much as l desired to actually
stand upon the enemy's ground, we had
to console ourselves with a view from
our position. Our return was slow.
We put the wounded on filters, and they
carried we'll. The men used bOl0s
through the jungle, and literally cut our
way back to camp"
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1905-04-14
SEALS SWALLOW STONES.
Probably Taken In for Ballast, Ven.
lures Writer on Scientific
Subjects.

F. A. Lucas, of the Brooklyn institute
museum, writing to Science on the swal-
lowing of stones by seals, says: $50 far
as am aware, no satisfactory reason has
been advanced for the swallowing Of
stones by seals, and this statement may
probably be extended to other animals.
"They are not taken in for ballast for
the empty seals keep down as easily as
the others; they are not swallowed for
the purpose of grinding up food, for
they occur in the stomachs of nursing
pups; they are not to allay the irritation
caused by parasitic worms, since the two
are by no means found together; they
are not taken in with food. not merely
because they are found in the stomachs
of young seals, but in those adults that
have fed on squid caught in the open sea-
On page 6S volume ILL.,, Report of Fur
Seal Investigation it says:
1T is evident that these things are
not swallowed haphazard, but are Sc
lected with considerable care from
among the articles strewn along the
shore, and that preference is exhibited
for rounded objects. This is shown by
the fact that, as rule, only articles of
one kind are found in one stomach, al
though seals do not discriminate be-
tween fragments of barnacles and frag-
ments of gastropods.
Moreover pebbles of serpentine and
chalcedony are now and then found on
the hauling grounds under conditions in
dicating that they were brought there by
the seals, while the pup seen gathering
pebbles on Lukanin did so with great
care, by no means taking the first that
came to hand. The most striking ex-
amble of this discriminative selection is,
perhaps, shown by the pup which had
swallowed buckshot while the chance
OF finding such thing must be at guess
about one in Million
Furthermore, it may be said that as
the fur seal regurgitates bones and other
indigestible things, the supply of stones
must be renewed from time to time
That there Is any connection between
the presence of stones and the presence
of a gizzard does not follow"
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1905-04-14
"EPIcuaEAN" LUMBERMEN.
In the Early Days Only the "Cream"
Of tbs Trees Was Cut by
Them.

The early lumbermen were "epicure-
an" as to their ideas of the quality of
the timber, says the Pilgrim. Only
the cream of the trees was taken and
cork pine logs cut in 1858 and sold at
$3.50 a thousand would produce lum-
Der that would be worth $50 thous-
and IN the market to-day even if it
could be had at all.
In the early springs when the SHOWS
melted and the breakup" came, the
camps were delivered of their living
crew, and the men streaming down to
the cities and towns where their en-
ployers lived to receive pay for the
winter work, have big blowout and
TOO often be quickly broke and ready
to go up on the drive and come down
with the JAM" long before the drive
started.
The logs when started down the riv-
er constituted the drive" and these
were handled by men hired for the
purpose, usually by the owners or con-
tractors, who drove the logs down to
the boom limits" where they were
turned over to the crews of the big
boom companies who RATED and sorted
the logs and delivered them to the mill
OF the owner. On the drive the men
wore heavy boots with spikes in the
soles to enable them to maintain q
footing on the big logs, at times haz-
ardous undertaking. The men at the
booms sorted the logs according to the
marks, fastened tie logs into RATS
with pins and rope and tugs then
toWed them to the mill.
Among the incidents of log driving
were "jams," or piling up of logs into
an apparently inextricable mass and it
was then that the work of the driver
becomes strenuous. The two largest
boom companies-the Tittabawassee
and Muskegon rivers-have each RATED
and delivered 100000 feet of pine
logs in single season.
But it is a dream now. The chance
came III the utilization of steam and
rail in handling pine logs. The meth
DDS of numbering were revolutionized.
The penetration of the immense pine
forests by lines of railroad and logging
rendered available vast areas of tim
Der hitherto inaccessible until there is
scarcely a. tree in all the wide common
wealth that has escaped the wood
mans ak. Logs are hauled by rail 100
miles or more to manufacturing points.
saWmllls multiplied along the lines of
railroad, the timber was cut off and
the product, instead of leaving some
manufacturing point on "swift-
winged and tidy and trim schooners
and later on barges towed by steamers.
is distributed by rail- The big piles
OF pine lumber that lined the banks of
streams at manufacturing points have
largely disappeared and the 800 900. 900
and more feet Of lumber that was
shipped by boat in single river from
one of the principal Michigan lumber
centers has given place to nearly 2OO,-
100000 feet of Canadian pine lumber
brought in, reversal of conditions
that 70 years ago would have been
deemed chimerical. The fleets of lum-
Der carriers have taken wings and
their white sails no longer dot the in
land seas.
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1905-04-14
GULLs CROSS THE PACIFIC.
They Follow Ships in Long Voyages to
the Other Side of the
Ocean

When one of the huge ocean trans
ports swings out through the Golden
Gate and passes the Farallone islands.
OF brown objects with long, sweeping
wings, suddenly appear from their
resting places and follow in the wake
of the ship, says correspondent Of
the Detroit News-Tribune. Then the
sailors, with the superstition peculiar
to their occupation, cry: Here come
the sea gulls we'd better feed them if
We want a quick passage" The birds
seem to know when they are to be fed,
for they come flying in ever-narrowing
circles until they are within a short
distance OF the ship. The gulls never
seem TO rest. Day after day they fol-
low the ship, cleaving the air with
swift wings, flying easily and without
apparent effort
In recent trip of the transport Lo-
gan one of the gulls had it's wing mus
cles injured, and dropped fluttering up
on the deck. it's wide, gooselike bill
open and strange squawks coming
from its throat. A soldier spied it and
took it to his bunk, where he fed it
daily until it became strong again.
Then he allowed it to fly away.
But the bird had not forgotten his
benefactor. Every day it would light
on the deck and allow none save this
particular man to feed it, It followed
the boat to Honolulu, to Guam. and
finally to Manila. Where it rested dur
Ing the two weeks the Logan lay in
Manila is not known. but when the
vessel turned on it's homeward course,
bound for Nagasaki, the first day out
found this gull, easily distinguishable
by fieck of white On it's neck, resting
on the stern.
AS it's favorite soldier did not appear.
the. gull graciously allowed others to
feed it, and continued it's trip with the
ship until the Logan passed the Faral-
lone islands
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1905-04-14
One of Our Eastern Possessions.

Next to Manila in population and
commercial Importance is Cebu, the CAP
ital of the island of Cebu, and lying 400
miles south of Manila. Sailing into tn,
harbor on bright morning, one easily
sees through the clear water, at depth
of so to 100 feet, the coral formation at
the bottom in it's natural growth
spreading out like the branches of trees.
The city of Cebu is one of the oldest
places settled by the Spanish in the Phil
ippines. 1t was founded in 1870 by
Legaspi, who founded Manila the next
year. To the east of Cebu lies. the island
of Matan. where Magellan was killed
by the natives in 1521.-F'rom "A Day in
Cebu," by Charles F. Alexander in Four
Track News.
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1905-04-14
Eagerly Sought After.

In Denmark the postmen often have
very long rounds in the country, and are
obliged to walk or ride many miles u
day in all kinds of weather; but unde-
sirable as such positions would seem to
be, they are eagerly sought after, and.
more surprising still. by men suffering
from consumption. It has been proved
that the work is healthy, despite the
hardships and the exposure to inclcmen,
weather, for almost all the invalids who
adopt the life become robust and hearty.
The Virginia enterprise. [volume] (Virginia, St. Louis County, Minn.) 1893-19??, 1905-04-14
Sherman and a Theater Nuisanc,

Gen. William T. herman, while fond
of the theater, objected strongly to hay
iag bibulous, selfish men stumble and
push over his knees to get out between
the acts. One evening a young man
with the clothes and voice of a GENTLE
man began to crowd his way to the aisle
from the end a of row in which Gen.
Sherman was sitting.
Il beg thousand pardons, general, 4"
be said, but may get by yor?"
Eyes," he said, coolly, az he STRAIGHT
ened his knees behind tho young man,
IF you don't come back. "-Iippipcott's
kagazinA