davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1905-12-17
ORIGIN OF "BLIZZARD''
BxFranklin welIes Calkins

THERE have been a number Of claimants To
1 the honor of having originated the word
blizzard" as applied to the fierce storms cf
wind and snow which sweep the western prairie.
7 believe that none Of the accounts which have
ATTEMPTED to fix the date Of its Use have antedate4
the year SIS, or thirty years ago.
As 4 matter of fact, the word was IN common u.s.
in Northwest Iowa early as 1860, and Tor PRIOR
use the files of ''The Clay County News OF Spencer,
Iowa NAV be searched. The originator Of the word
blizzard, applied to hurricane sno"-stoTIn' T*
unouestfonably Mrs. Caroline Welles, grandmoth~r
of the writer.
As early as 1865 the We1les and my own farniI,
moved from Wisconsin to Northwest Iowa For
two years our little group of relatives and friends
lived on an isolated prairie two miles from the near
est post-ofce and eighty miles from the neare>1
town of Importance. At this time there were abs
1uteIv no settlers to west of us, at least side
the Rocky Mountains. The praires, for hundred
miles on every hand, produced yearly a heavy
growth of bluejointgrass and every fall immense
fires swept the vast plains, leaving the ground as
smooth as a barn floor There absolutely
no let nor hindrance to old Boreas when he chose
to blow. In consequence, whenever the snow fell
and the wind rose, the ice particles drifted with
fury which can hardly be imagined in a better
covered country.
1t was after one of these raging storms, which
lasted for three days and kept all indoors that
nv grandmother Caroline Welles spoke of the
storm as a blizzard She had been led to give
it this name by reading in The Morning Star
the account of a man of that name who, lived in
California and whose furious temper and violent
demonstrations had led his wife to secure divorce.
Laughing1y we of the family adopted the name,
and those raging snow-storms were thereafter
known among as Billiards.
At Peterson, Iowa, which was our nearest post
office, a county paper had been started as early
1867. Our first notice in print of the word
blizzard, as applied to storms of wind and SNOW,
in a paragraph of a number of The Clay
County News" printed about 1869. 1t was not
long after this that a Sioux City paper copied it.
and within year or had seen the word
blizzard, applied to those same storms, used IN
number of western journals.
Thereafter it spread to national use, and by 1875
which, as have stated records the earliest claim
yet made to its use-the term was a common one
in the columns of any journal which came into Our
community. There are yet living more than twenty
persons, former settlers of Clay County, Iowa
who are familiar with the facts as stated here
and who would, think, attest them under oath
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1905-12-17

dollars is to be laid out in bridges, public buildings,
etc. for the benefit of the people of Boston Inc
remaining one hundred and ffty-tlve thousand
dollars will at the end of the second hundred years,
if no unfortunate accident has prevented the oPer
alton become twenty million, three hundred and
five thousand dol1ars-to be divided between the
city of Boston and the government OF Massachu-
SETS"
1t seems that the doctor miscalculated somewhat,
for not long ago. when the first hundred years had
elapsed it was found that the fund given to Boston
amounted to only thirty-siX thousand dollars. "A
like sum bestowed under similar conditions upon
Philadelphia, has, through bad management, been
augmented to a much less extent.
The epitaph which Franklin wrote for his own
tombstone was perhaps one of the most remarkable
pieces of literature that ne ever produced 1t
read:
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1905-12-17
The Author.

As a memorial of Franklin, State of the Union
was once named after the philosophers fact OF
which few people to-day are aware. This State,
which is now called Tennessee, was at that time,
in 1876 sparsely settled patch of territory North
Carolina annexed it, and at the close of the Revo-
luton coded it to the federal Government without
asking the approval of its people. They were in
dignant at this action, and calling convention
in August 1884 formed the State of Franklin, with
regular executive legislative and judicial depart
ments. The State remained in existence for three
wears, and even authorized coinage, though the
skins of wild animals furnished almost the only
medium of exchange in those days, the Governor
of Franklin receiving by way of salary one thousand
deer skins per aanJH, the treasurer four hundred
and fifty racoon skins, each county clerk three
hundred beaver skins, and on, while the fee OF
justice for a warrant was muskrat skin, and one
mink skin the pay of constable for serving
the warrant.
Political rivalries, however, finally smashed the
government, and the territory reanneXed by
North Carolina, to receive the name of Tennes-
see nine years later, thus dePriving the sage
and philosopher. of the distinction, which be
may be said to have amply merited, OF giving
his name in perpetuity to one Of the States OF
that Union which he had done so much TO create
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1905-12-17
The Body

Inc BODY
of
Benjamin Franklin
Printer
(Like the Cover of an Old Book,
It's Contents Torn Out -.:e
And Stript of its Lettering and GildIng)
Lies here, Food for Worms.
But the Work shall not be Lost
For it will Gas he believed) Appear Once More
In a New and More Elegant Edition
Revised and Corrected
New-York tribune. [volume] (New York [N.Y.]) 1866-1924, 1905-12-17

DEAR BOY-Your Christmas roses
-~ You guessed my wishes wellH
Are so divine that prose is
Inadequate to tell
How very much l love them
In all their fragrant prime.
And so | lean above them
=: And write to you in rime.
Some Secrets can better
10 these sweet leaves impart
Than give them in a letter,
Since they concern my heart:
But now that have told them
+ These dear dreams of delight
- ! know these flowers will hold them
Until-until tonight.
| read the tender note that
Among the roses hid;
| wonder when you wrote that
II you knew what you did?
You're such dear rOmancer,
] doubt you more or less:
But come and get my answer
One rose for you-that's YeSI
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1905-07-15
BOARD APPROVES
.NEVSUBN||AY PLAN !. 4
Represents Total 81 S More Than Than
$50 Miles Of Underground
Railroad.
Will COST s ;i!:l,' . %
Engineers Will Begin at Once to
Prepare Specifications and
Drawings.
COST s250,OOO,O00.
(special 10 The TImes-Dlspatch.)

(Spe cial to The Times-Dispatch.) $
N IN YORK, July 14.-Every one Of
the nineteen routes laid out for new
5subways or extensions to the present
system in Manhattan. Brooklyn, the
Bronx and Queensborough was approved
and the consent Of the city to their con-
struction granted by the Board Of Esti-
mate and Apportionment to-day. These
lines will involve an expenditure OF $50
100000 for construction alone, and when
completed will represent totall Of
more than one hundred and fifty miles Of
underground railroad.
All the work done by the Board OF
Estimate may be annulled In case the
courts should decide that the law trans
ferrlng the power to approve these routes
from the Aldermen to the Board OF Els IT,
mate Is unconstitutional. In case the
opposite view Is sustained a year at
least will be gained toward The COM
pletion of the lines BY the action taken
to-day. r3is
Having approved the routes and con-
sented to their construction. The matter
now goes TO the Rapid Transit Commls-
sion. and its staff OF engineers will be-
gin at once to prepare the specifications
and detailed drawings to be used IN ad-
yertising for bids. Counsel TO the conf
mission will likewise begin at oncs the
task of getting the consents 81 the
owners of property along the routes
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1905-07-15

anon, other plans is the holding Of all
athletic meet or carnival in this, city
.carlytin the autumn. Clean. manly sports
Of all kinds arc to be encouraged, In
Guiding baseball, football, lawn tennis,
golf bowling and athletic contests Of all
Kinds.
.rhc local association is to be member
OF the Atlantic division Of the American
Amateur Athletic League, which includes
the States Of Maryland, Delaware Dis
Strct OF Columbia, Virginia and North
Carolina. There are already associations
in washington and Baltimore, and in Will
fmington, Del. Richmond and Norfolk VIII
doubtless soon be added to this list.
Many we'll known local sportsmcn were
present, and all the newspapers Of the
city were represented at the meeting and
are cordially supporting the movement
Dr. Reilly. Of Georgetown University, is
one Of the movers In the project, and is
giving valuable assistance TO the local
advocates of the plan. Att
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1905-07-15
WEEKLY TRADE REVIEW
lBy Associated Press. )

(By Associated Press)
4 NEW YORK July Observation-Disclosures to-
morrow will say:
Midsummer Influences stll govern gem
eral trade ard industry: but better
weather and crop reports make for quite
optimistic trade reports In the surplus
cereal producing sections OF the West.
orders come from nearly all points west
Of 9, the Alleghenles' north Of the Ohio
chc. Large. though, except in few
cases. not record-breakng crop Yields
now appear reasonably assured In that
entire region. and there Is general
agreement that fall business already
Less assurance Is found In the reports
from the western half Of the South, where
1T Is feared serious damage has been
and other crops, this particularly off-
setting the favorable Influences Of the
recent heavy advances IL cotton, prices;
activity IN demand for cotton goods of
nearly}all kinds. which accepts steady adj
yances In prices and clamor for moro
goods, Business failures for the week
number 16G against 203 in the Ike week
OF 1901 as3s
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1905-07-15
New Directors Elected.

NEW YORK, July 14.-Twelve new di-
4rcctors were chosen and the designations
Of two old directors and one recently
elected were accepted By the board Of
directors Of the Equitable Life Asetr-
ance Society to-day The directors who
resigned were General Louis Fitzser-
add former president OF the. Mercan ne
Trust Company; Horace G. Dcming,
who now is president OF that institution,
and Frederick e. Bourne who was chos-
EN- at the last meeting OF the board.
The Mercantile Trust Company Is con-
trollcd by the Equitable Society.
The full list OF newly elected directors
follows:
TO I'll vacancies In the term expiring
December 81. 1905: Wallace l.. Pierce Of
Boston; Daniel a. Tompkins. Charlotte,
n. c.; Thomas Spratt, Ogdensburg, n.
Y.;% Louis Stern. New York: Frank S.
1titherbee. New York; ia mes Mcmahon,
New York.
y For term TO expire December 81. 1865:
Willard Il. McCook. Philadelphia: Con-
gresham Charles r. Littlefield, Rock
land. Me.
FOR term TO expire December 81, 1871:
Nevada n Stranahan, collector OF the
port of New York D. Eady Hcrrick, Al
bany
For term TO expire December 81, 1905:
Nicholas Murray Butler, president of
Columbia University; Charles II. zandcr,
philadelphia
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1905-07-15
.|MACK|E WINS HONORs
IN n GOLF COL. \. TOURNAMENT Mt
Fellows Jubilant Over Success Of
Staten Island Pro
feSSlOnaI,I
nv Assoclated Press.l

NEW YORK, July 14.-Isaac Mackie, OF
the Foxhil Golf Club, Staten Island. won
the principal honors in the professional
golf tournament at Nancortlandt Park
to-day. He led a field of flf!y-tWo ex-
perts yesterday with scores OF seventy
nine an dseventy- three for two rounds of
the eighteen hole course and to-day he
made seventy-nine, following with
.sevcnty-sevcn, a total of 30S for the
seventy-two holes. This work by the
Staten Island professional was looked
for by his many followers, and they
were jubilant because the winner had
beaten the American open champion,
Willie Anderson Of the Apawmis Club,
Ryc. T., T., BY the narrow margin Of a
single stroke. Aleck Smith. Of tho Nassau
Club. Long Island. finished third Just
three strokes behind Smith and ono stroke
ahead of Christopher Crosby, a nineteen-
year-old home bred golfer. who has been
an ardent student of the game at South
Orange, N j., and Atlanta, Ca Crosby
won the special money prize for the days
lowest score as he turned In q seventy
one for the final round.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1905-07-15
Washington Affairs.
oecIalIto The Times-Dispatch.)

ia
WASHINGTON. Dc, July 14.-cap-
tain Francis N. Cooke, artillery CORPS, Is
detailed as a member of tho Examining
Board at Fort Monroe, vice Captain Cunt
G. Hearn, artillery corps. relieved.
Il Captain Robert T.. Johnston,s corps of
engineers, Is relieved from temporary
duty III office OF chief. OF engineers and
will proceed to and take station Anvil
mington, NJ. c., for duty pertaining to
the fortitlcation and river and harbor
works In his CHARGE VIZ q.
Ida t. Conley has been appointed post
master at Amonda, Swayn county, N.
G., Vice J. r.. Crisp. resigned.
Rural carriers appoln ted for North
Carolina routes II
i Bules Route 2. Rowland Townsend carr
rIcr. Jennie NJ. Powell substitute. Dover,
Route 2. Willis a. Wilson carrier, Geo.
b. Wilson substitute. Campbell Route
2, James r.. Moreneld cnrrier,h Charlie p.
Clark substitute. Edrod. Route ], Robert
2. gBridgers Carrier John p. Bridgers sub
stitute. Rocky-Hock, Route 1, Claude w.
Perry carrier Oatman b. Berry substi-
stute. l5tt ~
Navy orders issued to-day: Captain Fl.
N1inctt, retired, ordered Norfolk navy
yard for duty. Lieutenant KIM. Ben
nett and ": s. Houston ordered Norfolk
navy-yard Norfolk, for duty In connec-
ton with torpedo boats in reserve at that
yard. Assistant:Paymaster IL w.
Browning. detached duty Norfolk navy
yard, and ordered to the Dolphin. :"
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1905-07-15
ROGERS I: AND sORRELL
RECEIVE SENTENCE
Strong Petition to Judge Allen in
Behalf Of the
Prisoners.
Especial to The Tlmes-DIspntch.

Especial to The Times-Dlspntch.)
RALEIGH, N. c.. July 14.--At Z o'clock
this evening Judge Alien, in Wake SUI
perlor Court, pronounced sentence on ex-
Sheriff j. Rowan Rogers and J. p. Sor-
srell for embracery, In that they np-,
preached jurors In tho noted Gattis VS..
Kllgo suit in the interest Of the de-.
PENDANT, The sentence Imposed Is six
months each in jail. This Is In addition
to tho sentences OF thirty days each in
jail that they are now serving for con-
4empt of court In the Same connection.
There were long and earnest appeals
In behalf of the prisoners before and
after the sentence. Petitions signed by
"a great Hunber OF tho business men Of
the city were presented urging tho
Judge to suspend Judgment, for the rea-
son that The thirty days imprisonment
they arc now serving is sufficient for
tho prisoners
The judge stated that II any good cause
vas shown for modification of the SEN
tence before the court adjourned for the.
term, lie would change the sentence. &
Additional signatures are being secured
for the petition, asking for suspension OK
Judgment. Already over seven hundred
people have signed.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1905-07-15
AMATEUR ATHLETES MEET.
An Association to Promote Clean
Shorts Formed Last Might.

An enthusiastic meeting Orwell known
Richmond young men was held last night
in the bapnuet hall of Murfhys Hot
with about 80 persons present, and the
nucleus of an organization OF an aml-5
teur athletic association was formed. Mr..
C. r. Sythlor, an enthusiastic supporter
of sports ofaall kinds, presided. and was
elected president; MIRA. c. Dcnoon. sec
rotary: Mr.. G. b. Neal vice president,
and Colonel John Murphy. treasurer.
a committee TO prepare constitution
and bylaws for the organization and Il
name for,;it was constituted. consisting
of DR.. j. a. Reilly, Messrs. Robert Knight
ley, r. Vamghan-Lloyd S. u, Sydnor and
Albert Pi2zini. This committee will re-
port at 9 meeting to be held next Friday
night ut AIurphy.s Hotel. I
Tho meeting listened to enthusiastic
talks from various gen tlemen present.
and all pledged themselves to secure the
attendance of any additional friends OF
clean amateur sport mt next Fridays
nSeting. The purpose OF the organiza--
tim Is to promote athletic sports Of all
kind and to develop and encourage local
athletes
I. Is the purpose OF the movement to
advocate the establishment OF an wu'l
equipped athletic park for this city. and
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1905-07-15
'TOTURN.L|GHTOD
TOBACCO !. A. { 0 FIGURES ] !:
Department Of Agriculture Be
gins Investigation, Of Charges
Against Trust.
SPECIAL AGENTS A En- {! SENT OUT
Publication Of Tobacco Statistics
Of the Several Districts to
Be Held Up.
SPECIAL AGENTS SENT OUT.
(By Associated Press. J

(By Associated Press.) *
,994E WASH 1NGTON,H July I4-rhrougli the
receipt OF numerous communications from
The South and statements appearing IN
the press at various times that the stalls
tics or the Department of Agriculture on
tobacco were being manipulated In the IN
tcrcsts OF the so-called tobacco trust. Sec
rotary Wilson has begun an inquiry Into
the subject. Pending the investigation tho
publication OF the tobacco statistics Of
the several districts will be held up, all
though the regular monthly figures by
States will be given on Monday next,
1t was stated at The department to-day
that special agents have been sent to the
dark tobacco districts Of Tennessee and
Kentucky for the purpose Of verifying
or correcting the departments figures.
This action MIR. Hyde. the chief statistl-
clan said, was in Difference to the senti-
ment which had been engendered that
the departments figures were wholly In
correct Mr.. Hyde has been given direct
charge Of the Investigation which, It Is
expected, will be concluded within two
or three weeks. 5
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1905-07-15
St. Louis.
(By Associated Pro,

7a HI
SIT. TOUiS. July 14.--Delmar summar-
les:
First race-6 furlongs-Trixle White Ga
to y hrst> Dr. Schnrff al to 20) second,
Fannette q to y third. Time, 1:1s as,
Second race--7 furlongs--Dave sommers
G to 81 first, Grey Plume Go to u second.
Roderick Dhu GO to y third, Time,
1913. s
Third raced furlongs KATHERINE L II
to y first, p, q, Taylor (95 oD second.
Japanese Maid % to D third. Time. 1906
Fourth Observation-Disclosures Secret g to ~
first, Salnada e tod second, sonny q
to 81 third. Time, LEO,
Firth lace-one mile-ony Ieppins (even)
first Fortune Teller Is toFD second.
lSentont5 to y third, Time, lA7
Sixth race-mile and q slStecntlwAlnm-s
mon % to u first. Check Norman a TO ~
second, Outlay g to % third Time,
I :5t 3-5.
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1905-07-15
SAYS RATE LAW is
MENACE TO SOUTH / ]
Col. S. H. Hardwick Delivers Ad.
dress to South Carolina
!. Press Association.
Try Associated I,ress.l

4WnITESTONE 1jITHTAg SPRINGS, S.
c. July 14.-proposed railroad leg lslation
by Congress and the steady advance in
general conditions In the South were dis
clsscd II, a speech made here Tonight by
Colonel s. II. Hardwick, passenger traf :
fic manager of the Southern Railway.
The occasion was the thirty-first annual
meeting OF the South Carolina Press AS
ISOLATION M. l.. Smith, Speaker OF the
South Carolina House Of representatives,
made an address
Colonel Hardwlcl1 opposed the enact
ment Of the lIsch- Townsend bill, urging
that such Legislation would put the
South back Tor many years. He said
In part:
"And now \. am come to appeal to,
you. our brethren of the press OF Z
South Carolina, and through you to
the press OF all the South, not TO all
low anything to distract US from our
work or advancing the best interests
OF the South Hear both sides. or all 81
sides, OF this momentous question OF IN
committing to a paternal government
vclopment; the right to say what mar
kets you may reach, and OF saying 70
the South, Thus far shalt thou go,
but no farther Not even your best
lowed to help you beyond such dc
tum Of this proposed most y. radical "a
measure. 558y5s35 -
THE South must be loyal to her own
interests and take care OF her own
needs. She must protect her own ag- q
+ ricultnral, commercial, and industrial
necessities, including her railroads.
This alternating power by 2 ,, bu1
Ereau OF the government would AFFECT y
our whole blessed land, But con-
4 slider, as a business proposition, 1t
must affect the South at this time
Il more than any other section, because
the South possesses such imitless un.
developed resources or such varied and
such necdful kinds that no other sec
ton. can much longer have the adj
vantage If the South.is given 2 far
showing and a reasonable opportunity.
Now, at this critical juncture, II left
free. she will soon equal, aye. even
surpass all other sections in her ~
triumphant development. tp5
&"Then let us do nothing to hamper
\ or hinder that progress OF the South.
Let us not be disturbed by the envy,
ling Of other sections but let us emu
late the progress of other sections of =
our great country. Let our watch
word ever be that the South hath need
OF her sons. Not in narrowness nor 81
lin sclfishness. hut lin a spirit Of the
4 broadcast patriotism, let us remember
4 that here Is our home and this is our
( Immediate responsibility. indeed. our
< glorious heritage. Our responsibility
5 is to advance tho progress Of the South
and not to permit such national legis-
flation, or any other legislation, to cast
us back ten twenty. forty years. and
all the hard work of those years to
be done over again, with increasing
burden and diminishing encourages
e ment. - $50 55fss5 q FL stft's 14f. &
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1905-07-15
SAYS RELATIONS
INTERCHANGEABLE
Dcpcw Talks About Connection
N. With MIDDLE III Equitable
sf Affairs.
NEW DIRECTORS I, OR: ELECTED e e,
Three designations Accepted
Yesterday and Twelve Other 4
Men Chosen.

Special Gable 10 Tho Tlmea Dispatch and
New York Iterald.)

Especial Gable 10 Tho Timca. Dispatch and
New York 1terald.)
Il (Copyright By the New York Herald Coz
4 PARIS, July Ex-senator Dcpew yestcr-
dhy cmphatlcally denied the report pub
llshcd In New York that he promised
Indemnity To the Equitable In case OF loss
over the loan made BY that company to
tho Depcw Improvement Cainpan ny. iii re-
gard to which the senator had clearly
stated his position In an Interview printed
Thursday. &.
5.3t"I never made any such promise, said
Mr.. Depcw. When asked whether lie de-
sired 10 make a statement In regard 10 an
agency telegram which was}printed In the
Daily Mail, and which said that the OUT
cry raised against Senator Dcpew marked
the first stun3up his long public ca
rccr. Mr.. Depcw replied that he saw no.
thing to add to what he had already
said In regard to the contention with the
Dcpew Improvement Company, and the
loan made to that organization by the
Equitable. What 4 have already said
MIR. Depcw remarked. was sufficient to,
show that there had been n inlsrepre-
sentationI OF the facts in the cage"
One has only to recall Mr.. Depew's long
public career to understand why his Sc
srcnlty remains undisturbed by reports OF
"an cutlery, based upon pisrepiesenta-
tions. I'M Mr.. Depcw's own words, lie
would upon his return home, be prepared
to satisfy anybody not already satisfied
that his relations TO the Equitable were
honorable and self sacrificing. -
The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1905-07-15
Preachers and Race Horses.

WINsTED, CONN. July t.-Charged
with having introduced q ringer IN
Rsy. T. ". Smith. pastor of the Con-
grcgatlonal Church at Otis, q Berkshire
village has been eNonerntod by 'tho
judges.
ma denied that his mare was a "ringer.1
lie said that so far as he knew her best
previous record was 23O, and that shs
was clearly eligible, The judges decided
In his favor. DR.. Smith keeps fast horses,
and his friends say he can drive eVAry
bill as we'll as he can preach,