New-York tribune., 1905-11-05

:. general rule national constitutions are
- y-it, blood and the one granted by the
uaf ~ a. t,rssia on Monday last furnishes another
80 ..,or thereof a few-very few indeed
VIZ 80, granted voluntarily by monarchs
hS's ,.s+a5 and sagacious enough to appreciate
20 accessibility of stemmtng for all time the
'D Icing tide of democracy, and who nave
,.5 il polite TO spread the sails OF their
ee- ct TO windward, and to endeavor TO rlde
.,a crest of those waves of popular opinion
.. -, tbev were powerless to resist In other
WIZ o,.in. the constitution has been built up
long series of concessions. spread over
!" s-5s Of years, and obtained by the people
n1. +be reluctant crown through statecraI1
Ter ter rressure and sometimes through Puf
pop"'~ -, 4bere are several instances in history
80 kings have traded away preroeat'es oi
*n''S s.o1en 10 the nation in return for money
-.aad for dynastic purposes or for purely SEEMS"
nee.. s'-s The English patchwork constitution
pe10 - described as being of this particular
Hs DIT the majority OF the Old World con-
have like that of Russia. been porn
SH'1-i .-.oI,,tion and have therefore, in the eyes
49, ,.tion derived additional value throush
- " teen sanctifed, so to speak. by the hVes
sscriaced in their cause
:. res in the year 1S4S that most ol 'nese
-..s+stutions thus engendered IN plooo ni''
-. into actual operation. True, 10 the peo-
= of ,veilnigh every nation OF cohliiieh'aA
zoe rights of self-g government had Deeh
assed at the close of the Napoieoihc "aiS
= +he second decade Of the nineteenth century
,+ these pledges were ignored oy lhe lioii-
-~hi.s mainly through the influence OF that So
- 1o1, Alliance which had the effect OF
o,uinr into existence the Monroe Doctrlne' anu
as not until 1S4S when revolutionary
that
.ior of government by will of the people look the
,raoa of that of despotism by right DIVINE
Some of the sovereigns made strong hght 1or
- they considered to be their sacred pre-
-ooot,,-es and called upon their troops to nre
- +bair neople Sanguinary conflicts between
- ,ooh and the soldiers occurred in nearly
arorv cspital In Munich the insurgents seized
the arsenal: in Dresden they erected bafricaoe@'
IN Vienna they butchered the CABINET iiiiii-
ers and drove the imperial family from the
city In Paris they pillaged the royai paiace
If the TuiIeries and frightened KING LOUIS
1b,linnA so that abandoning his throne. he con-
osaled his identity with blue spectacles and a
wig and fed TO England under the assumed
name of Smith. in Rome Pope Plus In was
5ompeIled to abandon the Eternal city aho, uis-
gllised in the livery of footnan to seek refuge
at Naples. a republic being proclaimed IN lhe
Papal States in lieu of his temporal RUE Al
Reriin hundreds of citizens were shot down by
The troops before the kindly and somewhat weak
King Frederick William " issued proclama-
,f,o 5isclai.ning responsibility for what had oc-
c1lrred. disavowing the action Of the mniltar!
end Granting the popular demand for fuil
4s5ead constitutional government But the peo-
rle conscious of their victory, would not De
satisfied until they had forced him to seno ou'
oc the country his younger brother ana helr'
afterUar6 William ], who was known 10 oe
opposed to the surrender of any royal prerosa-
tiyes and had compelled the King TO cteaf every
soldier ont of the city and TO stand bareheaded
on the balcony of his palace while the bodies OF
oil the citizens who had been shot down by the
troops were borne past him in procession Al
Nsples and at Palermo the people rose against
King Ferdinand Ii. and after much hghuhg ana
hloo5ebad extorted from him the grant of the
constitution which had been promised 10 theih
,oora than three decades previously. AT turin
King Charles Albert of Sardinia yielded, not
witbout 2 struggle the Statute Fundamentals
A., r,aopo " which is to-day the constitution Of
1-nita5 Italy: and even in England the populace
bac.ma imbued by the revolutionary ris1ngs
e,,er,-ubere abroad with the notion that 1t did
mt nossess sufficient civic rights and privileges
and held meetings and organized MANIFESTATIONS
with the object of securing further concessions
from the crown. There were some CONNECTS
between the military and the mon IN the prov
inees. but the fears which were entertained Oh
riots IN the metropolis were not realized AT the
o,o,,o1 rac,,est of Queen Victoria, the old Duke
~ otwaI,inrton himself took military charge of the
rsr,ta1 and every able bodied citizen OF any
standing was sworn in as a spec1al cohstaole
and called upon TO do patrol duty In the streets'
80 +to ,,,,robey. of these volunteer guardians
Of the law being no less parsonage thali Fiiii'e
To,is Ronaparte, who three years afterwaro
hor,,,e 47nnr,eror of the French under the style
Of Napoleon Ill
80. ,,,,,,a. of roonarchs preferred to alb
s,o..a ro+,e. than 10 conform themselves TO the
rsr order of things holding that they were
houpd h,- the most solemn obligations TO trans
nil IN their heirs the power and prerogauVes
Of the crown in an unimpaired and undli1llhlsheo
condition They could not bring themselves u
understand that principle which mas ho" oeeh
adopted as the fundamental OASIS OIL ihooeth
thrones namely, that they owe thelr au'Hofi'y
TO the will of the people, as expressed Dy par
lament, rather than TO inherited rlght divine
The kings of Holland, of Bavaria ana OF Sar-
dnia as well as Emperor Ferolhaho VI AUS
trta and several of the petty soVerelsns Vi "e
many. doffed their crowns ana aoahuoieu 'Ao
refns Of mower to successors possessed OF a
greater amount Of piability, whlle II Is d iiIat-
ter of historic record that King Frederick Will
lam " would have made way for MS younger
brother William had rot his ministers declared
that It was as much as the future OF 'he raonen-
soIlern dynasty was worth TO attempt u piaoe
On the throne any one SO unpopular as was IA
;hos. days the prince afterward SO neio'eu as
Emperor William King Charles Aioer' iiKe
wise. retired. not only from the soFereisi'S Vi
Sardinia, but even from Italy, rather 'iah con con
form himself to the new order OF thihss
eeror Nicholas would therefore hae ~o+,,ua