The times dispatch. [volume] (Richmond, Va.) 1903-1914, 1905-05-25

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they were SO numerous and influential
that in many parts Of the Old Dominion
divine services were read in the French
language on alternate Sundays.
In South Carolina the Huguenots. rs
the world called Them were soon q master
element in the infant State. They
founded a civilization as nearly like that
of Geneva as the circumstances would
permit. 1t was 10 democracy, nor was
1t a royallst form of government, though
the king of England held nominal sway;
1t was an oligarchy. In which the fittest
were selected to teach and lead the peo-
pie 1t was also an intensely religious
State-unliko Virginia in this respect,
and nearer like Massachusetts. Religion
and politics, as in the colonist scheme
of life, coalesced nnd the great names
| In tho local churches, whether in the old
| Hugucnot body, still intact, or the Eng
| lish ST. Nficha els, were also the great
names in politics. The head of the YES
| try was also the Speaker of the Com
mons House, Like Massachusetts, too
and us was to have been expected OF
| French Huguenots, tho people engaged
/ III COllIueICc 1llcll sinai sWOoACia
sells, made on the banks of New Eng
land rivers, sailed every sea, and when:
| the Charlestonians did not own their
craft, us was chiefly the case, they en-.
| tered into copartnership with New Eng
| landers and their wares and produce
| traversed the ocean under the same flag
! An alliance of the closest nature grew,
| up, and later. when their common Eng
| lish sovereign attempted Q763) to lay q
controlling hand on their undertakings
whereby some tax was to be gathered
| In, we are not surprised to find them
| resisting. and finally fighting shoulder
| to shoulder.
What had happened in South Carolina
| In the century that had. passed since the
| Huguenot immigration? A compact
aristocratic state and social fabric had
grown up and the members OF it were
rcaping the usual reward--good govern
| ment and fine harvests. whether from
| the sea or the land. The community had
grown rich; family trees had been planted
and were being sedulously cultivated.
pride of opinion and sterling worth, often
| a twin companion, had found. place
| more prominent than at the beginning;
/ education, the printers art and the ora
/ tors tongue confirmed men In their faith
in each other, their common past and the
| promising future. Handsome brick man
| sions, with wide lawns and terraces in
| front and spacious back lands in the rear,
| with marble lnantels and mahogany
sideboards all still in existence and open
to the travellers inspection. attest the
| solidity OF this wealth. this respecta-I
bility, this homogeneous civilization.
The outcome of the friendship and
| kinshp with the New Englander, OF this
accumulated wealth and of the common
oppression (seemingly So at any >rate)
| in the days of George III, was the
| formation in 1887 of a union of States.
| which for hundred years past had been
| practically independent and conse-
quence OF the closer union" as Wash
| ington termed 1t, was the inevitable
strife for supremacy between the more
| powerful parts of the nasccnt nation--as
! natural a consequence as was the strug-
| gle between Austria and Prussia under
! similar circumstances In the period of
1916 to 1866. One party must come out
| of this strife master, the other being
submerged and contributing only mega
| lively to the future greatness of the
| nation which was to be, !. e., after 1865.
! 1t had been South Cardinals quick re-
spouse to Washington's plan of union,
her bargain concerning interstate and
| international commerce and the slave
trade with New England which placed
| Virginia. North Carolina and New York
| all nnti-national in sentiment-betwetn
convcrging fires. What would be the role
of South Carolina in the new Union? This
| all the world knows. for her light was
| not hid under bushel." 1t Is almost
needless to say that negro slavery, q
warm climate, cheap lands and European
markets all co-operaled to dfferentiate
this region from all others. Arlstocratlc
and religious prejudice added their share.
But whatever the causes. South Carolina
- n.
/ power in the years Just before and after
1900. Virginia was also and for similar
| reasons, equally ambitious and more pow
| crful but less cautiously aristocratic.
/ A coalition Of these two dominant South
I! ern centers OF influence In the Union
gave them control. With Y!rginians for
Presidents, for q quarter of century
to 1925,
The Power of the East.
But silently and unohtrusIvcly, so far
as the clements of growth were con-
cerned the East had gone on steadily
gaining power by more rapidly increas-
Ing population, by coming more into
harmony with the democratic tendency
of tho world. by the resort to manufac-
turing and the opening up OF new mar
kets, by m!nistering to the wantBaof the
South, and especially by securing from
her the privilege and guarantee OF pro-
lection against competition from the out
side world
l A realization OF the advantages gained
| by their rivals in this way came home
to South Carolina in 1s2-ls2s, contem-
porary with the rise, of real democracy
with Jackson at its head. The beginning
OF n new era Is clearly seen In the records
of the years immediately following. Col
lection district freeholders, led by the
famous Robert 3arnwcll Rhett. now n
young man under thirty years OF age,
declared that In resistance lay the only
hope of safety for tho civilization OF
sonth Carolina and tho South; he mean,
also the only hope for tho continuance
Of power In the hands Of his section. rht
great Calhoun. then Yice-President anf
. political mentor to the rcdoubtable Jack
son. WINS soon won over TO line Of
policy directly contrary to all his pas
? career. Calhoun, the representative II
his State OF that strong and practica
! scotch-Irish element which had domi
mated tho up-country. the one great mar
~ ne la ln,b,n A, tE,. In r1,ntt