davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1905-06-15
Lime in Egg Shells.

I hope that readers of the Farmers
Review who have poultry, especially
hens that lay many eggs, will remem-
Der that the grain cannot furnish the
lime necessary for the making OF the
shells. Someone has said that one
good thick egg shell contains more
lime than a bushel of grain. 1t is true
that the fowls get lime from some OF
their other foods to a small extent and
possibly some of the gravel they eat
contains lime, but the modern hen
must have lime supplied her if she
is expected to lay eggs with shells CT
fair thickness.
1t is surprising how much lime some
hens will eat. l found an old aban-
doned cellar awhile ago, and from it
l have been bringing the old plaster
for the fowls and pounding it up. 1t
is surprising to e the avidity with
which they take hold of that kind of
food. l believe that pounded lime rock
would be good for them, as it would
provide both the grit and the lime to
a considerable extent. When l fail to
give the hens the lime they need I am
o o reminded of my fault by finding
soft shelled eggs in the nests and even
out of doors.-Matilda Smith, Tippe,
canoe county, Indiana, in Farmers
Review.
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1905-06-15
Danish Poultry ENTERPRISE.

Up to within 5 years the Danes
looked upon poultry about as the Amer
lean farmer looks upon it, as being a
small matter to which the farm owner
could not look with any good hopes of
large profit. The eggs were generally
small, and in the home market, which
was about the only market they had,
commanded about half the price now
paid for them. Previous to 1871 a few
thousand dozen eggs were annually
exported, but that id not draw the at
tention Of the producers generally. In
the year 1871, $4,000 dozen were ex-
ported, and that started a boom in IT,
producing of eggs. In 1895 began the
organization of the cooperative egg
producing companies, and since that
time the industry has continued to de-
velop nightly. In 1902, the last year
for which we have reports, more than
100000 dozen eggs were exported.
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1905-06-15
Amateur PouItry-Raisers.

One of the most inviting lines
of business in the world is poul-
try-raising. There is no business
that promises SO great profits
as this, at least in the world of
agriculture. But on every hand we
see the remains of poultry yards that
have been started by people that knew
nothing about the business and have
made a lamentable failure. The point
at which failure is most often made
is the not calculating on the amount
of labor required to take care of
poultry, which is very much greater
than of large stock. At five pounds
each it will take 200 hens to weigh
as much as a 1,000-pound steer or
horse, and the care of 200 hens is far
greater than the care of the one large
animal.
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1905-06-15
When to Sell Ducks.

When to sell ducks that are being
raised for market is a question
that must be settled by every
nan who is trying to make mon
ey out of ducks. 1t is supposed
that ducks are ready for market at
about ten weeks of age. and it is er-
tain that if they are sold at that tire
they will yield a greater profit than it
kept for some months longer. During
the growing period ducks are making
gain rapidly and are doing it at lit
tie cost. After the eighth o. ninth
week the gain is made less slowly. but
the cost of feeding continues and even
increases. Every week the birds are
fed after that, decreases the possibili-
ty of profits. Some poultry raisers
say, "Sell the ducks as soon as they
are we'll feathered."
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1905-06-15
Maple Bark Louise.

We wish at this time to call the
attention of our readers to the cottony
scale of the maple, known also as the
maple bark louse." We have no.
ticed that this insect has been doing
much damage in Illinois for several
years and that in the main people let
the pest alone till it is too late to take
effective measures against it. This is
one of. the easiest insects to fight if
taken in time, because its rate of
spread from tree to tree is very slow,
due to the fact that the males, only,
have wings and can fly. The females
have to be carried on the feet of birds
or be blown by the wind from one tree
to another and there are but few days
in the year when even this can occur.
After the female becomes fixed in
position with beak inserted in the
tree she cannot move. about. The
problem is simply to know the bark
louise when it is seer and take pre-
cautions to pick off the little balls Of
cotton as oon as they appear on a
tree. Usually only a very few appear
on n tree during one season, and if
these are removed the insects cannot
spread: 1t is the neglect of this that
causes trouble. Each female lays per-
haps 1000 eggs, and the next year
these hatch out about 1000 females,
and in this way it takes but a few
years to a tree so thoroughly
that there is no saving it. -
This insect is a northern one and
does not often do damage in the South.
1t is at home with us and here it
thrives. Here, too, the battle against
it must be fought. The young lice
hatch IN the late spring or early sum
mer, walk about actively as soon as
born and then settle along the mid.
veins OF the leaves and sometimes on
tWlgs. 1t is at this time that spray.
ing with kerosene emulsion will kill
them, and Professor Forbes tells the
writer that a heavy stream of water
thrown from a hose with good power
behind it will knock them off the tree
and result in their destruction through
their inability to get back.
After several mouths we have the
male insects with wings and the fe
males without wings. The males die
late in the summer and the females
live over winter. The egg laying be
gins about the middle of May ant
continues till some time in July. After
the egg-laying period is completed the
female dies, leaving the eggs covered
with the cottony mass thu: is to pro
tect them till next spring. These
masses are so obvious that it is no
difficult to discover them, when o
course they should be removed. Til,
simplest way to fight the insect i
to collect the colonies of eggs an,
destroy them, but this will have to b
done for two or three years on tree
that are badly infested, as man,
young scales will have been alread,
fixed on the tree.-Farmers' Review
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1905-06-15
Interest in Strains.

Just now there seems to be an
increasing interest in the strains
rather than in the breeds of poul-
try. There is great opportunity
for the development Of quality IN the
strains of birds, and this is being rec.
ognized. Ten years ago if a man spent
his time in developing quality in a
strain he could rot expect to have his
work recognized in any way that would
yield him a revenue. But now the
man that will improve a strain and
keep it pure will find his birds in de-
mand at a premium over other birds.
Here the question of honesty comes
in, as strains are not so easily diff.
ferentiated in appearance IS are
breeds, and it would be possible for the
breeder to palm CT on customers other
than the birds of the strain supposed
to be sold to him.
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1905-06-15

Crops on Tiled Lands.

My attempt several years ago
to get a catch of clover was a failure,
as the: clover froze out. But l sowed
clover this spring with rye and it
caught. The rye vas sown last fall
and made a good growth over winter.
Inc clover seed was sown this spring
on the last snow, and the clover plants
o MAY, 81 have two leaves on them
and the rye is a foot high.
tried to grow alfalfa and got a
good start with it about seven years
ago, but it killed out the winter the
ground was bare of snow and the frost
Wen in deep. That was the year my
clover froze out. But since that time
the alfalfa has been coming up be-
tween my fruit trees and looks thrifty.
Most of my farm is now tiled. l
used to have a four-acre' lot in one part
OF the farm where there were four or
hVe small ponds. Since the thing that
is n of the best pieces OF land
AVE. have had a very large crop
OF timothy hay here each year for the
past four years.
Here is a thing I would like to have
some one explain, for l cannot. There
is one field where I had oats last year
and through the field runs a tile drain,
comparatively new. The oats were
very rank directly over the drain,
growing waist high. In the rest OF
the field the oats were very short
Now it is a fact that I carefully noted
that the rank oats were badly rusted
SO much so that the binder when cut
ting them was covered with the smut
While in the rest of the field no smut
could be detected. Why were the
rank oats smutty and short oats free
from smut? The whole field com
prised ten or eleven acres of ground
and no rust was to be found except
over the tile.-C. l. Casey, Lake
county, Illinois, in Farmers Review
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1905-06-15
Horticultural Conventions.

l hope the editor of the Farmers
Review will permit me to say a few
words regarding the horticultural con.
%ventions, especially the summer ones,
which are to be held in a number of
states during the next few months. l
have attended a good many of these
summer meetings, and I can bear wit.
ness to their value. In these summer
conventions we do not have as much
paper reading or as many discussions
as we do in the annual meetings,
which are held in the winter, but we
have the advantage Of a demonstra.
ton of the actual doing of things.
At the summer conventions one al
60 out into the country and see the
crops growing. Usually these conven.
tons are held in some locality where
there is a good object lesson.
l remember attending a meeting one
summer near a noted peach orchard.
We went to the orchard and saw the
beautiful condition in which the
ground was kept, with the weeders
running about all the time. Thinning
VI IuO pOoSASo was 6OAu6 I'll d. lu6
time, and we had an actual demonstra.
ton of how the work was done. That
object lesson was taken home by
many that attended the convention.
On another occasion l went to a
big orchard where different spraying
machines were being used as a dem.
onstration of what each machine
could do and how the work should be
done properly. The dust spray was
also used. Such object lessons are
worth a multitude of printed articles
or addresses. The eye takes in with
one glance more than a volume could
tell about.
Usually at these conventions the at.
tendance is light, the farmers appar-
emily feeling that the duties of the
farm keep them at home. But I know
from my OWE experience that a farm.
err can break away for a few DAYS if
he really believes the attraction war
rants it. My advice is to attend every
horticultural convention within reach
and get out of it all there is in it.
John I. Smith. Alexander Co., ILL.,. in
Farmers Review.
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1905-06-15
An Experiment with ManooIds.

In England last season an expert
ment was made to determine effects of
certain manures on mangolds. A man
gold field was divided into five parts,
one part of which was left as a
check plot. The other four plots re-
ceived each 448 pounds of superphos'
plate with and without heterogeneous
manures. The unmanured lot gave
1915 tons Of roots per acre. Super
phosphate alone raised this yield to
20.25 tons per acre. When 224 pounds
of nitrate of soda were added the
yield rose to 27.25 tons; the addition
of another 224 pounds of nitrate of
soda produced a yield of "a tons, while
on the plot that had the superphos-
plate and 672 pounds of nitrate Of
soda the yield was 80 tons. 1t was
figured that each additional ton of
roots cost only 70 cents, a very low
price in a year that was adverse to
the yield Of mangolds.
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1905-06-15
Just Discrimination In Railway Rates.

JUST DISCRIMINATION In Railway Rates.
All railroad men qualified to speak
on the subject in a responsible way
are likely to agree with President
Samuel Spencer of the Southern Rail-
way when he says: There is no d.
vision Of opinion as to the desirability
of stopping all secret or unjustly dis
criminatory devices and practises OF
whatsoever character"
Mr.. Spencer, in speaking Of "un-
justly discriminatory" rates and de-
vices, makes a distinction which is at
once apparent to common sense. There
may be discrimination in freight rates
which is just, reasonable and impera-
lively required by the complex COM
mercial and geographical conditions
with which expert rate makers have
to deal. To abolish such open and
honest discrimination might paralyze
the industries of cities, states and
whole sections of our national terri
tory. .
This distinction between just and
unjust discrimination is clearly recog-
nized in the conclusions of the Inter
national Railway Congress, published
yesterday:
Tariffs should he based on CONNER
cial principles. taking into account the
special conditions which bear upon the
commercial value of the services rem
dered. With the reservation that rates
shall be charged without arbitrary dis
elimination to all shippers alike under
like conditions, the making of rates
should as far as possible have all the
elasticity necessary to permit the devel-
opment of the traffic and to produce the
greatest results to the public and to the
raflroads themselves"
The present proposal is, as Mr..
Walker D. Hines Of Louisville showed
in his remarkable testimony the other
day before the Senate Committee at
Washington, to crystalline flexible and
justly discriminatory rates into fixed
government rates which cannot be
changed except by the Intervention of
some government tribunal, and by this
very process to increase the tempta-
ton to depart from the published rate
and the lawful rate in order to meet
some overpowering and urgent CON-
mercial condition. New York Sun.
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1905-06-15
Field Peas.

AS a farmer l have never been very
successful in the growing of field peas,
and if there are any readers of the
Farmers Review that have had good
success with them I would like to
hear from them The great trouble
seems to be to get enough peas. 1
plant them in the field and we eat
some, but when we come to harvest
them the vines are all dried up and
the peas scattered on the ground. A
neighbor of mine has been growing
peas with more OF less of success.
He sows them with oats and makes
the oats hold up the peas till both
are ready to cut. He plows deep and
plants his peas deep, putting in the
oats afterward with a harrow. He
always succeeds in getting varieties
of wheat and oats that ripen 10.
gether.-Walter Bisby, Ashland Co, O.
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1905-06-15
Development of Plant Food.

The development of plant food in the
soil goes on continually. Much is all the
time being created and. much is all
the time escaping into the air and
teaching out in the drainage waters.
Nitrogen especially is not a fixed SUBJ
stance. The nitrifying germs are
working above a temperature of IS
degrees, but below that they are dor
mant. We car assist in the develop
ment of plant food by draining the
land and making it possible for the
temperature to rise sufficiently to
permit of the decomposition of vege-
table matter and the chemical changes
that are constantly going on.
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1905-06-15
CATARRH WAS
DESTROYING lei LIFE.
Hl@S PE.RV.NA SAVED HER.

IN Miss Maria Ducharme, 1872 st. Eliza
S@E5eth street, Montreal, Can, writes:
II am satisfied that thousands of
women suffer because they do not real
lie how bad they really need treat
ment and feel a natural delicacy in
consulting a physician.
II felt badly for years, had terrible
pains. and at times was unable to at
tendfto my daily duties. I tried to cure
myself, but finally my attention was
called to an advertisement Of Peruna in
a similar case to mine, and l decided to
give it a trial.
my Improvement began as soon as
I started to use Peruna and soon / was
q well woman. 1 feel that / owe my
life and my health TO your wonderful
medicine and gratefully acknowledge
this fact. Maria Ducharne.
Address DR.. Hartman, President OF
The Hartman S~anitarium, Columbus
Ohio, for free medical advice.
All correspondence strictly conf
Dental.
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1905-06-15
Omissions of History.

Draco mad decreed death as the pun
lshment for the slightest inf1action of
the law.
Its cheaper than hiring sluggers
to kill Objectionable people off at SIS
a head he said. Il can hire an exc
cutioner by the year"
Greatly elated by the discovery of
this easy method of reforming society,
he began with enthusiasm the study Of
municipal ownership as the solution
OF the problems still remaining I'M
Solved.-Chicago Tribune.
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1905-06-15
Charcoal for Poultry.

Place Jumps of charcoal in a hot
oven until thoroughly dried out, then
crush it until the piec-s are as small
as wheat kernels. Feed this to the
poultry and it will correct any trouble
with the digestion which is liable to
attack fowls any time, but more espec-
tally in spring after the heavy. winter
feeding of grain with little green food.
Prepare only what is necessary for use
at one time, as. after it absorbs damp
ness Or foul odors it is Of no benefit
until dried again.
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1905-06-15
a Good Finish.

Blunderalong-Why, Miss Antike.
this is a pleasure! l haven't seen you
for a long time. You must pardon me.
but you look fifty
Miss Antike-Mr. Blunderalong!
Mr.. Blunderalong- - per cent
better than you did the last time l met
you.-Boston Transcript.
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1905-06-15
limson Need.

From the illustration here given it
will be found easy to know Unison
weed, which is very common in many
vacant lots, both in town and coun.
try. 1t should be dug out, for it is
quite poisonous and has caused the
death both of children and stock.
Children play with the large fiat
weeds and frequently take them IN
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1905-06-15
Heroine.

Heroine.
PEARL suffered him to steal a kiss
last night.
Ruby-The nerve! And did you call
your mamma?
Pearl-No, l am brave. I suffered in
Observation-Disclosures Dispatch.
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1905-06-15
To Launder Delicate Mus,ins.

Many muslin dresses may be sue.
cessfully l%aundered at home, which, if
put in the ordinary wash, would be
hopelessly ruined. Wash quickly
through warm Ivory Soap suds; rinse,
dip in rice water and dry indoors, as
the air will frequently fade delicate
colors. Iron with a moderately hot
iron.-Eleanor R. Parker.
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1905-06-15
Very Proper.

"Now, madam" said the photog-
after expending about half an
hour getting the lady to pose, please
look at me and smile sweetly."
"Sir, I am indignant with you!
didn't come here to engage in a flirta-
ton, I'd have you know, but to have
some photos taken.-Detroit Tribune.
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1905-06-15
If one has a fenced ward # il !.

If one has a fenced yard it is a
pretty idea to scatter. a round
or oval bed here and there among the
shade trees. An old boat newly paint
ed or even a large harvester wheel
makes a nice bed in which one could
plant the smaller flowers, as phlox or
pansies.
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1905-06-15
Discriminating.

Youthful Junior-You're wanted at
the telephone by a lady, sir.
Mudbank-Eh? Who. is Tiny
wife?
Youthful Junior-No, sir. it's a lady.
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1905-06-15

The degree IN which misery loves
company is graded by the degree OF
the other fellows troubles.
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1905-06-15
The First lime.

The confusion of tongues had just
fallen on the Tower of Babel when a
voice rose high and clear:
"Diddums want a pity tiss, hess his
hearth"
With a groan of anguish they turn
Cd and-hsd from the ediice.-Harper's
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1905-06-15
SUSPICIOUS

The Maid-How smoothly your auto
runs!
The. Chauffeur-Yes; l think some.
things broke.-Puck.
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1905-06-15

The ballot box is the palladium Of
u liberties. until a legislature gets
hold of it. -
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1905-06-15

The weak chain wastes the strong
anchor.
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1905-06-15

DR.. J. n. RINDLAUB (specIalist).
Eye, Ear, Nose and Throat
Fargo, N. D.
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1905-06-15
INTERESTINGLETTER
WRITTEN
Mrs. Sarah Kellogg OF Denver, Color
Bearer Of the Woman's Relief CorpA
Sends Thanks to Mrs. Pinkham.

0L6A r A0l1oN1uA
Ae9I 806fsA letter vas written
A&I#3 by Mrs. Kellogg,
### sS0A of 1923 Lincoln
t*:::$: ASA A@A Ave-, Denver.
##AsS ] Colo. to Mrs. Pink.
G& -E#*:: ham, Lynn, Mass:
&%#K r%##$ Dear Mrs. Pinkham:-
V&I$5SSA S "For five years !
@&TVWV was troubled with q
~SSM NJ tumor, which kept
Mrs Sarah KoNooo growing, causing mo
intense agony Ind
great mental depression. I was unable to at
tend to my house work and life became a bur
den to me. Iva confined for days to my bed,
lost my appetite, my courage and all hope.
~ could not bear to think of an operation,
and in my distress tried every remedy which
l thought would be of any use to me, and
reading Of the value of Lydia Z. Pinkham'a
Vegetable Compound to sick women decided
to give it a trial. l felt SO discouraged that .
had little hope of recovery, and when l began
to feel better, after the second week, thought
it only meant temporary relief; buv to my
great surprise l found that l kept gaining,
while the tumor lessened in size,
1.-The Compound continued to build up my
general health and the tumor seemed to be-
absorbed, until, in seven months. the tumor
was entirely gone and l a well woman. I am
50 thankful for my recovery that I ask you
to publish my letter in newspapers, SO other
women may know of the wonderful curative
powers of Lydia E. Pinkham's Vegetable
Compound"
When women are troubled with irreg>
ular or painful menstruation, weakness.
leucorrh9a. displacementor liberation
of the womb, that bearing-down feel
ing, Inflammation of the ovaries, back.
ache, tlatulence, general debility, indi.
g~estion and nervous prostration, they
should remember there is one tried and
true remedy. Lydia E, Pinkham's Veg
etable Compound at once removes such
trouble.
No other medicine in the world has
received such widespread and unquali-
fed endorsement. No other medicine
has such a record of cures of female
troubles. Refuse to buy any other
medicine:
Mrs. Pinkham invites all sick women
to write her for advice. She has guided
thousands to health. Address, Lynn,
Mass.
Health is too valuable to risk in ex.
periments with unknown and untried
medicines or methods of treatment.
Remember that it is Lydia E. Pinkham's
Vegetable Compound that is curing
women, and don't allow any druggist
to sell you anything else in its place.
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1905-06-15

their mouths, where the poisoning
most often manifests itself. The seeds
are also eaten by children and result
in poisoning. Now the weeds as soon
as they appear, and give the grass a
chance to grow in their places.
The Hope pioneer. [volume] (Hope, N.D.) 1882-1964, 1905-06-15

Mrs. Windows Soothing Syrup.
For children %teething, softens the gums, reduces IN