Evening star. [volume] (Washington, D.C.) 1854-1972, 1905-07-07
Vanderlip on Trade Schools.

QuStTldl competitors, anu gave do eiiC 10
son the schoolmaster and the trade schools.
which have been 1.-The most powerful fnf1u-
ence in Germany in training to nigh en-
cheney the rank and file of the industrial
army"
In declaring that this country must rec
ognize the new demands of the times and
provide the educational requisites which
the changed conditions make imperative,
he said he wished to particularly empha-
size the difference between system OF
trade schools and a movement to enlarge
the present curriculum of existing schools
by the Introduction of manual training, the
latter belonging, he said, TO the category
of the ''fads and fr1ils
Pay of City Teachers.
The report of the committee on salaries
was submitted. The following is an abb
stract:
1.-The higher standards which are Insisted
upon for the teachers must lead logically
to better compensation. The inadequacy
of the salaries in some cities, after the
training that is necessary to secure the po-
sitions, has been used successfully as an
argument for their increase, ana In some
cities it has been admitted where financial
resources have stood IN the way OF grant
ing the advance.
saThe facts collected relating to salaries
represent So per cent of the cities and
towns of 5000 or more inhabitants. Such
cities and towns in the United States num-
Der 547 and employ nearly 100000 teach
ers. From 492 of these, or 30 per cent, sal
airy data more or less complete were Sc
cured, and for 467, or S5.4 per cent, COM
pIete reports were received.
The average salary of high school teach
ers (not including prlncipais) was Sl,o46,
the average for the women separately De-
ing $9O3 and for the men separately $1.503.
This large difference between the averages
for women and men Is due, to consider
able extent, to the fact that such large
per cent of the men are in the cities of 200
600 population or over, where salaries are
high as compared with those in the city of
average size. The average yearly salary
of principals of elementary schools was
81, 1S9, the average for women separately
being $970, and for men separately S1,542
The average yearly salary of the teachers
In elementary schools was 1851. the average
for the women separately being 5000 ana
for the men separately 81, l61.
Average Salaries of All Glasses.
THE average salaries of all classes Of
teachers for all the cities decrease steadily
with the decrease in the size of the cities.
While the average yearly salaries of fe-
male teachers (not including principally
In elementary schools In the 467 cities is
$3.50. the average for the same class of
teachers, when the four great cities of New
York, Chicago, Philadelphia and Boston
are not included, is $3.50. or s94 less. The
average for male elementary teachers In
the 467 cities is 81, 161. while in the 4tS
cities 1t is 1868, or $51S less.
"a movement toward establishing a min
lmum salary law by state enactment mas
had support in several states. and In Indt-
ana, Maryland, Pennsylvania and In West
Virginia such law has already been adopt
ed and put in operation
sHardly a beginning has as yet been
made in the United States toward creating
a system of pensions for teachers In max
ing this statement the committee desires 10
emphasize the distinction between pen
sion system, properly so-called, and all the
various schemes of mutual aid, including
retirement funds and old-age stipends that
have been organized, and are maintained
prima rily by the teachers themselves anu
NJ their own expense. In this matter the
United States, which might have peen ex-
pected to go far in advance OF otner c0ul
tries If the general interest IN puDIc scnoo ta
education alone had been made the OASIS
of prediction. has in reality falien peniho'
Taxation and Public Education.
Mr. James M. Greenwood of Kansas CITY,
Mo-, submitted the report OF the commit
tee on taxation as related to public educa-
ton. The following is summary OF the
report
Your committee believes that the au-
thoritative power for levying taxes TOT the
support of schools should rest in the I'M
mediate directory of the schools. whether
such boards are elected by the people or
appointed by mayors or courts They' now
ever urge the Importance of definite statu-
tory limits upon the amount or school tax
levied and that two distinct funds be Gre
ated-one for the current expenses and the
other for permanent building improve
ments; further, that the power OF ccntract-
Ing debts for the school department be
vested only In the people.
Your committee believes that so far as
the cost of instruction Is concerpad the
management of school systems should con-
slider carefully the question of the number
of teachers necessary to do the work effi-
GENTLY and thoroughly; the humber of
special teachers and the character and
quality OF the work performed: the eff
cheney and the economy of the plant, /. e..
the location and size of school buildings in
so far as these questions pertain to the
school expense. included under the head of
Instruction.; the number of high schools,
the kind of high schools. the courses OF
study in such high schools view from the
standpoint of the relative cost to the mu-
nicipality, and also as to whether in the
evolution of any particular school system
that the stage for this or that develop
ment has been reached.
Size Of Glass Limited.
Interviews with most efIicient and COM
petent teachers who are engaged In pri-
mary and grammar school work confirm
the opinion of your committee tllat not less