The Salt Lake herald. [volume] (Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1870-1909, 1905-01-01
BELLE KEARNEY.

he enters any public service. the army, +,
the navy, the custom house, he be l
comes a civil general. When one gets |
to the thirteenth chin, he enters the |
personal nobility; that Is, he Is a no |
BILE, but not his descendants. When the 1
II irteenth chin is reached, the person |
* entitled to have profix attached 10 |
mis- name of high, well-born-" When !
he reaches the rank of general, he has !
the title of Observation-Disclosures" CHS |
EXcellency). His children belong to !
the untitled nobility. Since the time
OF Peter the Great, titles nave become
somewhat discredited. Many of the
PrOudest families of Russia have no
titles, and would not have one under
aIy consideration. For example. The
LVoffs, Leontieffs and GiyeboffS. Even
before Peter the Great, however, there
was this untitled nobility. Each son
and daughter in a titled family inherits
the title. If the women remain un-
married, they hold it ali their lives; but
If they enter into marriages with Un7
titled men, their title is forfeited. The
sons hand down theirs to the sons
throughout the generations There are
hundreds of men in Russia who bear
ire title of Prince GalitzIn; there is an
Immense family of them Some of
these princes are among the highest
persons in the empire; others are of
the poOrest-many being found listed
With the most poverty-strlcken farm
Crs. The title brings them into Tidi-
CUle; especially with the laboring
classes, who think mucn more of
millionaire than they do of a titled
Person
Russian Nihilism.
Regardless of the advantages at
tached to the chin, there are thousands
of men in Russia, who, after being edu-
Gated. nave no career opened TO them,
Tor the governmental places and others
are soon filed, SO they grow discon-
tented. The universities have become
tie centers of unrest-the fountain
heads Of nihilism: consequently, the
students are kept under the Strictest
surveillance If five get together, they
are surrounded by the poiICe; but the
passion for liberty has taken such n
strong hold upon their hearts, that
they are willing to run every risk to
pIomuIgate their ideas; and. when dis
covered, to suffer any punishment for
their sake Numbers of students work
iEcoSHito in the factories. so as to i'm
Sue the labOTerS with their principles.
When their identity becomes known,
tEey axe arrested and disappear-no
trial is ever held. The light cases are
s5ur 10 Siberia, the others 60 the fort
reSs in St. Petersburg, where they die,
for the prison is in Il very unsauitaTy
SonditiOn--damp and cola. Often sew
Crai hundred students are arrested at
one time. marched through the streets
and placed in some large building tenn
yDfsrily, then, as usual. without trial
Cur Russia has no courts as know
them. there follows repetition of the
cid story The political cases are ad-
Judicated by the police. The governor
! - Moscow is allowed TO arrest any one
! he piesseS and send him away without
a trial. Socialism in Russia takes the
form of HihiliSm. This is the result OF
/ force OF circumstances. There is no
/ freedom of utterance: no meetings are
! o flowed to be held by those who are
| inclined TO a radical turn of thought;
/ the press IS throttled-so, opposition
/ takes the form Of violence. The nihi-
/ lists are almost wholly the poor stu
\ dents: the rich ones are satisfied. The
vast majority Of the former belong TO
/ the peasant class. The students con-
| StItute the educated. coming Russia. A
] SocioIogist with these facts in hand,
/ is prepared TO draw some tremendous
! conclusions in reference to the future
( O. the mighty empire upon which the
/ SAFE OF the WORLD IS at present fixed.
A Gagged Press.
When students are arrested. no men
ton is made OF the fact III the press.
All information concerning such mat
! ters has to come from English and
J American papers. for those Of Russia
| are absolutely gagged Every paper
and magazine That nnQS It's way 10 the
rostoffices from foreign countries is
thoroughly read by government in
| spectors. and every article which criti-
/ CIses in the least degree or announces
/ events deTOgatOTy 20 Its policy. is rolled
through a printing press and blotted
out. IL is common thing to see whole
columns a mass Of black. The Russians
| are thus kept III complete ignorance of
I vi hat atrocities occur in their own coEn-
| Try; but when the English and Ameri-
cons living there find the blotted-out
| pages in their papers. they at once
| write home and get their friends 10
! send them the prescribed articles in a
letter In this way they keep informed.
! IN a pension lately in Moscow, there
| was company Of young men hailing
! from France, Greece, Persia and some
| were Russians. They ali said to me-
| We are i'm utter ignorance concerning
! what is Transporting In this country.
Can you tell us anything?" Letters are
I inspected as they pass through the
Tcails. and if there are any which are
| found to be Objectionable. they are
promptly burned. This severe espion-
age is kept up all along the lire. Every
movement is watched, especially those
of strangers. While going through the
Winter Palace not long since 1 stopped
! scribing in my note book the scene
depicted on the canvas. The guide who
lad accompanied mt. stepped to my
side and said, "MadamO. you are writ