The Pensacola journal. (Pensacola, Fla.) 1898-1985, 1905-12-06

forms one Of the greatest sociological
phenomena OF our time. 1t is a social
question Of the first Importance, Of far
greater Importance than any merely Do
Iitical or economic question can be-
In any great labor disturbance not
only are employer and employee inter
ested, but also a third party-the gen
eral public. Every considerable labor
difficulty in which interstate commerce
is involved should be investigated by
the government and the facts officially
reported to the public.
Insurance.
The great insurance companies afford
striking examples Of corporations
whose business has extended so far
beyond the jurisdiction Of the states
which created them as to preclude
strict enforcement Of supervision and
regulation by the parent states. In my
last annual message 1 recommended
that the congress carefully consider
whether the power Of the bureau Of
corporations cannot constitutionally- be
extended to cover interstate transac-
tons I'm insurance" Recent events
have emphasized the Importance Of an
early and exhaustive consideration OF
this question, to see whether Il is not
possible to furnish better safeguards
than the several states have been able
to furnish against corruption Of the
fragrant kind which has been exposed.
1t has been only too clearly shown
that certain Of the men at the head Of
these large corporations take but small
note of the ethical distinction between
honesty and dishonesty They draw
the line only this side of what may be
called law honesty. the kind Of honesty
necessary in order to avoid falling into
the clutches Of the law. OF course the
only complete remedy for this condi-
ton must be found in an arouAed pub
lie conscience. a higher sense Of ethical
conduct in the community at large and
especially among business men and IN
the great profession Of the law. and in
the growth OF a spirit which condemns
all dishonesty whether In rich man OF
in poor man aWhether il takes the shape
Of bribery or Of blackmail. But much
can be done by Legislation which is not
only drastic, but practical There is
need Of far stricter and more uni
form regulation Of the vast insurance
interests Of this country. The United
States should IA this respect follow the
policy Of other nations by providing
adequate national supervision OF COM
mercial interests which are clearly ma
tional in character.
I repeat my previous recommended
ton that the congress should consider
whether the federal government has
any power OF owes any duty with re-
spect to domestic transactions in in
surance Of an interstate character.
That state supervision has proved in
adequate is generally conceded.
The Revenues.
There Is more need Of stability than
OF the attempt to attain an ideal per
lection IN the methods OF raising rev
enue, and the shock and strain to the
business world certain to attend any
serious change in these methods rem
der such change inadvisable unless for
grave reason. 1t Is not possible to lay
down any general rule by which to de-
termine the moment when the reasons
for viii outweigh the reasons against
such q change. No change can be
made on lines beneficial to or desired
by one section or one state only. There
must be something like a general agree
ment among the citizens Of the several
states that the change is needed and
desired in the interest Of the people as &
whole, and there should then be a sin
cere, intelligent and disiiiterested ef-
fort to make it in such shape as viii
combine. so far as possible, the maxi
mum Of good to the people at large
with the minimum Of necessary disre-
gard for the special interests Of locaIi-
ties or classes. but in time Of peace
the revenue must, on the average.
taking a series OF years together, equal
the expenditures or else the revenues
must be increased. Last year there
was a deficit Unless our expenditures
can be kept within the revenues then
our revenue laws must be readjusted.
II Is impossible to outline what shape
such a readjuStment should take. for
il is as vet too early to say whether
there viii be need for Il. It should be
considered whether IL is not desirable
that the tarin laws should provide for
applying as against or in favor Of any
other nation maximum and minimum
tarid rates established by the congress,
50 as to secure a certain heciprocity OF
treatment between other nations and
ourselves.
Economy In Expenditures.
I earnpsffv recommend 10 the rou-