davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
Virginia gazette. [volume] (Williamsburg, Va.) 1893-192?, 1905-11-04
A PRESIDENTS CABINET.
SOME SECRETARIES HAVE A.
Tanned GREATER FAME THAN
THEIR CHIEF.
while Appointments Are Political.
the Cabinet Is Usually the Presi-
dents Closest Adviser.
James S. Henry.

According 10 the old saw ct takes
nine tailOrs TO make a man" so In the
Government of the United States It
takes nine Cabinet officers 70 make
an administration. Primarily Ameri-
can cabinet officers are selected TO be-
come the heads OF the nine great ex-
ecutive departments OF the Govern
ment. AS one star dinereth from an
other star in glory so one cabinet OFF,
Ger differs from another IN opportun-
ity. ability and the power 70 make a
lasting impression upon the history of
the country. These nine heads OF de-
partments are chosen by the Presi-
dent and although the approval OF the
Senate Of the United States IS required
TO make their appointment legal and
constitutional. the preference Of the
Executive is invariably respected and
the nine Cabinet officers represent his
personal choice. so far as politics
leaves him free agent.
To be a member Of the Presidents
Cabinet has filed the ambition of many
statesmen. II is a place only one re-
move from that 10 which all native
born citizens OF the United States have
right TO aspire-the Presidency it.
self. II there have been disappoint-
ments and unrealized ambitions on the
part OF the great men who have been
President the world has not heard OF
them. The disappointments. the dis
couragements. the disillusionment. the
restrictions that have been experienced
by statesmen who had hoped 10
achieve glory and fame as Cabinet OIL
GERS can be read ia the national rec
ords from the foundation Of the Gov
eminent 10 the present time. Fail
ure 70 accomplish great plans and TO
realize hopes OF a lasting place in his
tory has sent many Cabinet officers
Virginia gazette. [volume] (Williamsburg, Va.) 1893-192?, 1905-11-04

met officer. Each one has adopted
his own method OF Cabinet consulta-
ton. President Roosevelt might be
said 10 have a Cabinet OF specialists.
He has selected men whom he believed
peculiarly fitted to administer the az
fairs Of the different departments. At
the bi-weekly Cabinet meetings, which
are held when the President is in his
executive Office IN Washington, each
Cabinet officer presents a short re
sumo Of the condition OF his depart.
ment. If there is any matter that has
arisen under his jurisdiction that is OF
a widespread. general character it is
reserved for discussion by himself and
the President. and perhaps one or two
other members OF the Cabinet who re-
main after the formal meeting. Great
questions OF national and international
policy are not matters OF general dis
cussion in Mr.. RoOsevelt's Cabinet.
They are taken up and debated by the
President and those Cabinet officers
whom he believes are specially quail
ned TO give expert opinion upon them.
The late President Mckinley had an
entirely different method and the
meetings OF his Cabinet were actual
state councils. Every matter affecting
the nation at large or bearing upon our
international relations was brought up
at these meetings and each one OF the
Presidents advisors was requested to
submit his opinion. The Secretary OF
Agriculture was asked for his views
on the advance on Pekin. while the
opinion OF the Secretary OF State on
the type Of battleships to be adopted
by the Navy was welcomed Mr.. Me
kinley believed in this way that he Sc
cured the best results and il also gave
his cabinet officers an opportunity TO
exhibit whatever OF talent or genius
or statesmanship they possessed.
Virginia gazette. [volume] (Williamsburg, Va.) 1893-192?, 1905-11-04

TURF OF oil and diamond dust rubbed
INTO the edge The saw r0tateS AT n
tremendous speed. being turned bv n
leather belt running from an engine.
An expert cieaver. n paid 80 much per
diamond cut could make from SEQ 10
sSo. and as one cicaver furnishes
work FOR 30 OF 90 shapers. would
quickly work himself out % a ioh
Consequently. he prefers % 20 slowly
and receive monthly wage Of $40.
The shapers or "bru.eurs" outline
the form Ia which the diamond viii
ultimately appear. In this operation.
the "hruteur" takes two stones OF sim
liar size and hardness. hts each into
metal cap. sets one IN machine
that resembles a carpenters lathe. and
as IL reyOivcs the second stone Il
pressed against it. The dust caused
by the friction ~ caught ia a tiny box.
Before the invention q this machine.
the "bruteur" held the diamonds BE-
tween the thumb and forennrer OF
each hand and rested the little fingers
on the sides OF the tank. which H.
made or brass. In time the constant
pressure on the brass wore the sides
OF the box into grooves. while the
Virginia gazette. [volume] (Williamsburg, Va.) 1893-192?, 1905-11-04

embittered and disappointed back into
private life
May Not be Personal Friends.
While the President OF the United
States is entitled TO choose the nine
gentlemen who shall sit about his
council table as his Cabinet advisors.
the political system in effect in the
United States often robs this selection
OF its personal character. A newly
elected President may know OF nine
men in his circle Of business. social and
political acquaintance whom he would
Ike 10 have around him as cOunsellors
and whom he believes would make eff
icient heads OF departments in the
administration OF Government laws
and business. The exigencies of poll
tics. however. usually compel him 10
choose his Cabinet officers from differ
ent sections of the country and in ac-
acknowledgement of certain potent influ-
ences. sometimes commercial some
times economic, sometimes religious.
and often purely political that helped
make his election sure. The Chief
Executive before deciding upon the
composition of his Cabinet inquiries
carefully into the qualifications. ability
and character of the men whom he will
Il often happens that the first time he
has come in personal contact with his
future advisor is when he meets hi,1
20 extend the invitation 10 him TO en-
ter the Cabinet
In the economy OF Government and
IN the social life az the nations Cap
ital. an American Cabinet officer oc-
cupies a commanding position. but In
the accomplishment OF great deeds OF
craftsmanship and as q power in fash
ioning the policies OF the nation. the
Cabinet minister's own personality. his
ability and genius can alone make
success. There are conspicuous ex-
amples in the history Of the United
States where Cabinet ministers have
dominated the Executive and carved
their names higher on the pillar of
fame than the Presidents with whom
they served. The impress made on
national affairs by such men as Daniel
Webster. John c. Calhoun and James
G. Blaine. as ministers Of state, l.
greater than that OF many Presidents
OF the United States. 1t is not neces-
sary TO refer TO musty history for ex-
amples OF Cabinet ministers who have
won international fame. The late John
Hay. Secretary OF State under Presi-
Virginia gazette. [volume] (Williamsburg, Va.) 1893-192?, 1905-11-04

continued effort OF rubbing the dia-
monds against each other brought on
a nervous Jerking or the forearms.
and the strained attitude OF the head
always bent forward 90 watch the
shaping OF the gems. caused great
swellings at the back OF the neck.
Usually the "bruteur" spends three
days on the shaping Of a stone and
makes from $40 10 $500 a day.
The p0lisher who makes the facets
uses a machine which carries a metal
disc placed horizontally aad revolving
at the rate OF $50 revolutions Der
minute. The disc is OF steel with a
preparation OF diamond dust and puri-
ned olive OH rubbed into the surface.
by means or a copper holder and a
Virginia gazette. [volume] (Williamsburg, Va.) 1893-192?, 1905-11-04

One morning last spring there ap-
peared in the London papers graphic
descriptions OF the arrival at south
ampton OF the "Cullinan." the 2.O32
carat - or diamond found In the
Premier mine. Johannesburg. In Jan
uary. Details OF the APPEARANCE OF
me Two agents from South Africa. the
said 20 contain the biggest, diamond in
Tie world. the crowd az the docks. the
detectives sent from Scotland Yard.
hiied a column AS n matter OF fact.
ne tulinan made the trip from
johannesburg 20 London IA an or,lin-
Virginia gazette. [volume] (Williamsburg, Va.) 1893-192?, 1905-11-04

arv. inconspicu0us package through
the registered mail. postage two shiii-
ings. IL is not impossible that the
Southampton romance was conceived
and paid for at advertising rates by
the owners OF underwriters 20 divert
attention. for the diamond was valued
M four million and insured for two
and a half million dollars.
Two more large diamonds have since
been found in the same mine. one
weighing 334 carats and the other 400
carats- one wonders who can AFFORD
TO buy these stones. IL viii cost enOr-
mOusly 10 put them on the market.
Most diamonds are sold outright by
the miner 70 the cutter, and one or the
biggest South African diamond kings
has said that the margin or profit up
on which the entire diamond Industry
is carried on is but little larger than
the percentage OF gain in any other
line OF business.
The jewellers OF Paris claim that in
proportion as the value OF the dia-
mOnds In a necklace decreases, SO does
the cost OF setting increase. dia-
mOnd necklace that sells for $4,000
has cost the jeweller 5000 in mount
ing. while one that sells FOR 100000
win require an expenditure or only
$500 In the mounting. from the
$l9o.TOO remaining I'm the latter case.
still further deduction must be made
for the expense OF preparing the
stones. The figures obtained on
100000 necklace IN Paris shop indi-
Gated that the diamonds composing il
were valued at much less than $4,000
when rough. The woman who buys
such an ornament contributes more 10
the actual prosperity Ct the working
class than many OF the s0-cailel
social reformers who rave at her ex-
trayagaDce.
Virginia gazette. [volume] (Williamsburg, Va.) 1893-192?, 1905-11-04

SENATOR CRANE OF MASSACHUSETTS
have all hut about 30. over 10 cases
are in Louisiana alone. "a number Of
these. however. are among people who
have come from Southern Europe. I'm
something ike 100 cases the disease
was contracted in this country
Virginia gazette. [volume] (Williamsburg, Va.) 1893-192?, 1905-11-04
To Remove a Tighf Rinr.

A very simple way OF removing a
yery tight ring from the finger is TO
take piece OF small cord or wrapping
thread and push one end OF il under
the ring. Then. taking hold OF the
other end OF the string. begin winding
around the finger from close up against
the ring to the very tip OF the finger.
Then. 10 remove the ring. take hold
or the end OF the cord that was slipped
under the ring and unwind the cord
AS the unwinding progresses the ring
VIII be carried along with 1t and re-
moved without difficulty.
Virginia gazette. [volume] (Williamsburg, Va.) 1893-192?, 1905-11-04
PART

metal fork which form part Of "a.
apparatus. the diamond "a held against
the revolving disc. and as sometimes
q stone less than an eighth OF an inch
IN diameter has 100 facets. great nlee-
~ on the part OF the workman a. 20
qusred. and the position OF tha 80.
mond Is changed more than Ion ffn,sa
pefore The requisite lustrs and finish
are secured The poishcr works al
ways with magnifying glass. ard
makes from $500 to S&O0 a day.
Three Hundred Diamonds IN Necklace
In the $4,000 necklace mentioned
mere were 20 diamonds Allowing
aho three months polishing on each.
the sum expended for thes.. two isesos
alone amounts 20 $40. zoo.
After the stones arrived AZ ne fcvv.
eiier's. they had. % course. 20 h.
mounted To this end the big shons
or taris employ a STAFF % designers.
goiHsmitle, sllversmifhs. settlers and
polishers- Usually. the designers ara
men who have come into the shoD IN a
less important capacity. shown TALENT
been sent by the firm 20 an art school
and put through a course ~ Instruc-
ION According - bis ability. a De-
---tifF earns RON sd % tihsf a month.
re may work Tor muu1hs without pro-
ducing a single sketch that r,,es To the
studios. then IN week he VII tlsro
our TWO or three that meet the difn-
cult taste or the employer. Designs
are done IN water colOrs.
In Paris. the real iewelier "a not the
owner % the shop. bur toe craftsman
who fashions the gold or platinum in
70 the skeleton that holds tn. g,rr...ir.t,.l
stones. In America he a. called a
gold OF silversmith. Each SEPARATE
clasp or gem-holder, goes nrst % the
poishcr Then 20 fewci'er who
assemblies. or Joins together. the entire
frame Tor the necklace. tiara. or
VIVA teyer the design may call FOR, and
again % the polisher.
The setter as his name indicates
lastens or sets the diamonds into tn.
framework. and sends lt GA a last vf.if
/ % the poiisher
Virginia gazette. [volume] (Williamsburg, Va.) 1893-192?, 1905-11-04
How Diamonds are Cat.

So far. Europe has been the center
OF the demonstrating industry. In
Amsterdam there are more than $1,000
cutters. In Antwerp 5000. in the Jura
Mountain district 600. I'm Paris 200
and In London only $50. They are
divided into three classes. cleaners
shapers and poliShers. The cleaver
examines the rough diamond. and n
he finds a flaw cuts il into as nanny
perfect gems as the grain OF the car
bon win permit For this purpose the
rough stone is set In a mold Co which
IL Is securely attached with aluminium.
and then applied 10 the cutting tool
circular saw about inches Ga diam
eter, made OF soft copper. with a mix
Virginia gazette. [volume] (Williamsburg, Va.) 1893-192?, 1905-11-04

q, At this height" said the guide. a.
suey paused on the mountain side fo
s,'~e Town the valley. FAR below. .'peo-
pc Win weak lungs often die"
w onderfm country. wonderful eli
mate. murmured the visitor.
piciOusly.
why | suppose OF course You have
= Wy or bringing them % life again
Tor the next dying"
Virginia gazette. [volume] (Williamsburg, Va.) 1893-192?, 1905-11-04
LEPERS IN AMERICA.
Three Hundred OF Them I'm Twenty
States and Territories.

"Unclcan, unclean.~ This is n cry
which has struck terror 90 the hearts
OF many people who have Journeyed
through the Orient and our Asiatlc
ana Pacific possessions. but 10 has
probably never occurred 10 them. that
in the United States proper there are
nearly 500 lcpcrs. These are scatter.
Cd over 20 states and territories. hut
the states CT Louisiana. California.
Florida. Minnesota and North Dakota
Virginia gazette. [volume] (Williamsburg, Va.) 1893-192?, 1905-11-04

at Molokai. where often a ieper Is sep
arated from his family by forclble
means Fathers and mothers are tax
On from their children. a child from
its parents. friend from friend-and
all this at a time when the afflicted
is TO al intenfs and purposes perfect.
~ well Government officials state
however. that II not the idea In the
establishment OF this new institution
under the Crane bill. TO take any lepeP
from his family by forcible means.
The plan wiz be merely to isolate al
cases.
Virginia gazette. [volume] (Williamsburg, Va.) 1893-192?, 1905-11-04

was contracted IN this country.
For Federal Supervision.
Senator W. NJ. Crane. who succeed.
cd the late Senator Hoar. az the last
session OF Congress introduced "a dill
providing for government supervision.
It was passed boy the senate. but
when IL came up for consideration
nc the hands OF the Representative
Delegate ROdey OF New Mexico.
Smarting under the sting left by the
failure OF bis statehood plans. charged
that the provision in this hin which
planned 20 locate lcper colony ON
some abandoned military reservation
was, I'm fact. plan 20 folst the
''unclean" upon New Mexico, as there
are several abandoned reservations I'm
that territory
The bin failed TO pass the House
II Is believed that Senator Crane pro-
poses 20 again introduce this bill ear
~ In the next session. II viii be in
troduced IN a somewhat different man
ner from the old one. IL viii provide
for "Lepers Home" instead OF
"Leprosarium" as this latter term
conveyed the impression that the dis
ease was more prevalent in the Unit.
ed States than it really is.
To Search For Cure.
Leprosy was regarded by the Israel.
ties as incurable. I'm fact the records
81 ancient times show the great fear
10 which IL has always been held
Medical science has learned little or
nothing regarding leprosy. one of
the strongest arguments for the care
or the "unclean" is. that such an instr
tuition would make possible a careful
study or the disease and. perhaps. in
TINE result in the discovery OF "a
cure There Is a government institu-
tlon Tor the care or lepers in Hawaii.
Virginia gazette. [volume] (Williamsburg, Va.) 1893-192?, 1905-11-04

dent Mckinley and President Roose-
welt. seems yet n living actual per
Sonality in the Affairs OF the world. II
no other monument had been establish
ed by his long public service. the open
door" policy for which he obtained rec
ognitiOn in the Far East would mark
his craftsmanship for all time. With
his colleague. Elihu Root. who is now
his successor. he shared the glory OF
the late President McKinley's admin
istration in which both men were SUI
perlative influences.
Sherman's Earlier Fame.
Going back 4 little further we find
the late John Sherman standing as
the monument OF sound finance and
marking the otherwise colorless HAYES
administration from 1877 20 1881 as an
epoch in the financial history OF the
country. In the days OF the Civil War.
stanton. at the head OF the War De
partment. earned the name OF being
the greatest Secretary OF War the
United States ever had and was the
mainstay OF the immortal Lincoln in
the latter's heartbreaking experiences
with traitors. politicians and self-seek-
ing army officers. The $50 years OF
national life Of the United States fur
AASAtu many DIAAlaLL examples OF
what Cabinet officer can accomplish
and the influential part he can play in
the achievements OF an administration.
IL depends largely upon the Presl-
dent OF the United States 20 what ex-
tent a Cabinet officer may achieve
prominence in national affairs. Dur
ing the last generation most OF the
Presidents Of the United States have
been men of iron viii and command
ing personality. Most Of them. how
ever, have depended u0on members OF
their Cabinet for expert advice on
great national and international issues.
In the administration OF Grant. Clove-
land. Harrison. Mckinley and Roose-
welt certain OF their ministers We're
pre-eminent in the direction OF affairs
Of state and domestic policies. These
Presidents were aud are strong men.
but ever ready 20 listen 20 the advice
and appreciate the craftsmanship OF the
strong men they had chosen for their
Cabinet.
Different Treatment Of Cabinets.
Each President has had his own
conception Of the functions OF a Cab
Virginia gazette. [volume] (Williamsburg, Va.) 1893-192?, 1905-11-04

The poiishers ara usually women.
As rule they work In groups or five
OF six under patrouess. who keeps
a little apartment FRA a narrow street
or Montmartre. Gallon. Mail or SONS.
other cheap and crowded quarter of
Paris. With good luck the nst frnness
makes from $1,000 70 $1,000 vsar.
TIE polishers are taken a. apprentices
az IL years 81 age. At ID they may
get forty Oh sixty cents "A dav. and AZ
Is dollar % dollar twenty.
The labor OF an these cra ftsmeu on
me necklace I'm mind amounted 10
about $500. which added o. $40 700
Tor preparing the diamonds. anl
deducted from the selling price az
S-uo.ooo left only $1,000 % cover cost
OF rough stones. Incidental expense ~
nandllng. etc. could not have left
any phenomenal profit Tor the mine
owner who dug and delivered them a.
lne cutter such Necklace IL aaId n,
furnish work enough 20 support 4nO
liulAles Tor year. or course. this
uoes not take into consideration the
WORKERS IN the mines. nor tbs. haavw
slaH OF clerks and officials up,.p~.orv
70 carry ON the big diamond producing
ueiuS- Tie business OF nnishinr tht
raw diamond for the final purchase,
OF -rs the best paid labor % b. found
ia Europe Owing to the duty on ,.ur
GEMS brought into this country Amer
tc3.h dealers are building ND a Sirnus-
industry In the United states AMI lr
~ rational 20 suppose that the rofts-
men employed IN this couutrv Mi
receive even stili higher wages tbsn
those paid abroad.
Virginia gazette. [volume] (Williamsburg, Va.) 1893-192?, 1905-11-04
MILADY'S DIAMONDS.
HISTORY or THE NECKLACE.
ITS MANUFACTURE AFFORDS
MUCH EMPLOYMENT.

Raw Diamonds a. Dug Are Com
parativciy Chcap-CreatC 0stComea
FROM the Polishing. Cutting and
Filling.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1905-09-22
Rural Free Delivery and Good
Roads.

Since the advent of the rural free de-
livery mail system, which is no longer an
experiment but we'll established govern
ment institution whose popularity is at
tested to by its rapid growth, the average
rate of increase being 600 new routes per
month, it has proven great incentive to
good roads in the rural district where
established. Especially is this true in the
West, where it was Immediately received
with favor and not discredited and fought
against by moss-back obstructionists as
was the case in numerous instances in
the East, where the old established GUS
toms and order of things are chung to
with such grim persistency.
These rural mail routes mean better
roads, because the Post Office Depart
ment will not maintain them unless the
highways are kept in fairly good con-
dition. Uncle Sam agrees to deliver the
mail to the farmer if the farmer will
keep the road SO that the carrier can get
over it with reasonable speed. If the
farmer neglects the road the carrier is
withdrawn. This inspires the agricul-
tural population to keep the roads in
good order.
That the rural free delivery service is
not fully appreciated by some of our
easy going farmers here in the upper
section of Cecil is attested to by the
manner in which sections of our roads
were allowed to remain blocked weeks
after the big blizzard last winter, the
utmost indifference being manifest, in
numerous instances, toward opening a
way for the carriers, who were COM
PEELED to skip portions of their routes,
day after day, because of the refusal of
the parties cut off to make the slightest
move toward any organized or systematic
effort to open the roads.
The midland journal. (Rising Sun, Md.) 1885-1947, 1905-09-22
FRIDAY, SEPTEMBER 90, 1905.

The blackmail practiced by the man.
ayers of the republican national cam
paign is shown by the evidence brought
out at the insurance investigation in
New York. A check drawn by the New
York Life Insurance Company was pro-
duced and witness testified that it had
been paid TO the treasurer of the National
Republican Committee for campaign
purposes. The witness further testified
that the same thing had been done in
1896 and 1900, the reason for these con-
tributions being that the Company feared
its assets would be endangered in case of
democratic success.
After making themselves solid with the
trusts by getting up among the capitalists
during the silver campaign the biggest
fake scare ever invented, the republicans
levied tribute on them for campaign pur-
poses and have since continued to work
the gag Of dire calamity to the financial
interests which was sure to follow demo-
cratic success at the polls.
The democrats tried to bamboozle the
people and square themselves with the
moneyed interests in the last national
campaign>by nominating "gold'' man,
with the result that neither the people
nor the trusts would support their candi-
date, and he hardly knew he was running
from the number or votes he received.
This fiat failure of an attempt to carry
water on both shoulders will, it is hoped,
in future cause the democrats to adopt a
platform that represents something. and
not try to conduct another campaign Of
mere opposition, which resulted so dis.
astrously to them.