davidaulloa/AmericanStories huggingface dataset:
The Hawaiian gazette., 1905-05-05

From the foregoing it appears that
over so per cent of the crop went to
England, per cent to the United
States. 81 per cent to Germany, and
% per cent to France. OF the coffee
entered for export to the United States.
642,440 pounds went to San Francisco
25.446 pounds to New Orleans, and L.
O93, $40 pounds to New York.
THE proportion of the entire crop
of 1904 shipped in husk was 71.42 per
cent and clean 2S.5S per cent. The
average price, as estimated by the sta
tistical office from records of sales in
the London market published in the
Credit Lyonaise, and estimating the
price In other markets as 20 per cent
less, was "a 1-2 cents (American) per
kilogram (2.2 pounds). On this basis
the value of the net crop of 1904 was
s2,6S5,9SS
Compared with the crop of 1903,
there was a falling off of 4,7541SS kilo-
grams Q0,4S3,OS4 pounds, but the aver
age price was one-half cent per kilo-
gram (22 pounds) more than that of
the crop of 1908. The falling off was
due to exceptional circumstances. The
unusually long dry season resulted in
a greatly reduced crop on the Pacific
slope, the yield in some places being
less than one-half the normal crop. in
some one-third less, while in other
places there was practically no crop at
all. AS all the coffee shipped to San
Francisco grows on this slope, this
shortage accounts for the small per-
centage of the crop which went to the
United States as compared with ordi-
nary years. The shortage on the Pa
cifc slope would have been more than
made good by the crop on the Atlantic
side had there not been unusually
heavy and protracted rains In Deem
Der, 1908, in the middle of the picking
season, which caused large part of
the ripe berries to fall from the trees
the most of which We're a total loss.
So, between dry in one locality and
wet in another, the total crop suffered
a substantial diminution."
ERNEST G. WALKER.
The Hawaiian gazette., 1905-05-05
Chief OF |NSULAR
STATIONS COMING

DIR. Walter H. Evans, Chief of In
sular Stations, Office of Experiment
Stations, U. S. Department of Agri-
culture, will arrive per s. S. Korea to
inspect the Hawaii Experiment Station.
DR.. Evans has charge of the Alaska,
Hawaii and Porto Rico stations. He
has served in the department for about
fifteen years, is one of the editors of
the Experiment Station Record for
Botany and plant diseases, was in
charge of the collective exhibit of the
Experiment Stations at the Paris Ex-
position, 1900; made an S~riculturaI
survey of Alaska and chose site for
the Alaska station, l-Ak;Ss a report on
agricultural conditions of the coast re-
gion of Alaska in 1897; delegate to In
ternational Congresses of Viticulture,
Horticulture and Agriculture in Paris,
1901, and delegate to International
Congress on Plant Breeding and Hy-
bridization at New York in 1909;
published report on Botany of Cotton,
1896; has visited Porto Rico and made
reports on agricultural conditions
there; was in charge of the collective
experiment station exhibit at Buffalo
and st. Louis. He is graduate of
Purdue University, Indiana. He will
remain in Hawaii three weeks. 1t is
his first visit to Hawaii.
The Hawaiian gazette., 1905-05-05
CHILDREN WHEN TEETH1NG.

This is the most dangerous age in the
life of a child. At this time thew have
more or less diarrhoea. which weakens
the system and renders the child more
susceptible TO disease. Any unusual
looseness of the bowels should be
promptly controlled. which can be done
by giving Chamberlain's Collie, Cholera
and Diarrhoea Remedy. with an occa-
sional dose of castor oil to cleanse the
system. For sale by all Dealers and
Druggists Benson, Smith & Co., Ltd,
agents for Hawaii.
The Hawaiian gazette., 1905-05-05
FEDERAL RENTS HER E

nolulu and urging his friend to make
visit there by all means.
Eve were charmed with the people
of Honolulu" added the admiral, as he
subsequently proceeded along towards
his hotel. I'VE stopped there on our
way back from Yokohama. The people
treated us with great courtesy and
consideration. Mrs. Terry as we'll as
myself, were deeply touched by these
attentions. She remarked to me that 1t
was not always navy people received
so many assurances of affectionate re-
gard. She was very anxious to remain
longer in Honolulu"
NEW WAY TO KILL MOSQUITOES.
Mr.. Herbert j. Brown, of this city,
who is chief owner of Calapatch Is
land, just south of Cuba and adjacent
to the Isle of Pines, claims to have dis
covered means Of discriminating mos
quitoes. Mr.. Brown was formerly for
many years a newspaper correspondent
and married daughter of Prof. White.
once professor of Geology in Bowdoin
College. Maine. He was head of the
New York Journal Bureau in this city
and did considerable newspaper work
in Cuba, during which he conducted
negotiations for the purchase of Gala
patch Island, said to contain $2,0O0,0 900
worth of guano besides other resources.
The little island. so small that it is
not charted on the maps, was inflict-
ed with mosquitoes. Brown set his
men to draining the low portions of
the island. He says that he has found
a digger wasp that is the mortal enc
my of mosquitoes and works energetic
ally to destroy them. He also says he
has found water bug, name unknown,
that eats the mosquito eggs voracious-
ly. Brown has always been known
among his associates here as of a scsn-
tific turn of mind, Prof. L. o. Howar d,
chief entomologist at the Agricultural
Department. thinks we'll of what Mr..
Brown claims to have discovered and
The Hawaiian gazette., 1905-05-05
NO Play WANTED.

McCandless moved to reconsider sew.
eral items. Vice-President Paris ruled
the motion out of order, as the items
had been twice reconsidered.
Brown moved to make the salary of
Registrar of Accounts 5000 instead of
Sl75 a month. Lost.
The Senate was laughing good deal
at itself, and Viee-President Paris
wanted TO know if the Senate was
playing or working. If it was play
business that would all be upset next
day, it should stop right there.
The Hawaiian gazette., 1905-05-05

By special invitation John R.. Mott
goes to Oxford and Cambridge univer-
stiles next February to hold conferences
with the students on matters touching
the personal Christian life. Mr.. Motifs
influence has been profoundly felt In
American colleges. and 1t is not surpris-
Ing that English universities should de-
sire to feel the touch OF his strong per-
sonality.
The Hawaiian gazette., 1905-05-05
HGnbuIg-BIgnea Fire IQsMuNse CO

The undersigned having been APP
pointed agents of the above company
are prepared to insure risks against
DIRE on Stone and Brick Buildings and
IN Merchandise stored therein On e.
most favorable TERMS For particular.
apply at the office of
+. A. SCHAEFER a CO., ARts
The Hawaiian gazette., 1905-05-05
THE SENATE
fcontlnued from PAGE 3,

month, $1,000, for salary of superin-
tendent of Board of immigration, ere
ated at the regular session.
Aehi moved 81 month, $24, saying
the Governor had appointed the Sec.
rotary to the Office, who was getting
$3.50 salary from the Federal govern.
ment and who had said he only want
ed the honor.
Bishop thought $50 month for the
executive officer of the Board of Immi-
grafton was little enough. It would
bring the Secretary lot of work, as
the board had to do with the labor in
terests of the country.
Passed at S24 by vote Of to 8.
President Isenberg asked to be ex-
eused from the afternoon session,
when recess was taken from ~ to 2.
The Hawaiian gazette., 1905-05-05

Frank Harvey is being urged by the
Democrats to run for a Oahu county
supervisorship. He was the only Demo-
crat elected a supervisor at the nun
and void county election.
The Hawaiian gazette., 1905-05-05

has authorized Brown to write a
monograph on the subject which will
be published as a bulletin by the De-
partp1ent
The Hawaiian gazette., 1905-05-05
McCANDLESS.

/ do not concur to the above report,
on the ground that in order to make
the warrants of the Territory good for
the next two years we must make the
appropriations within the estimated
income; but | think it is very hard for
some districts the way the appropria-
tions are made. / recommend the items
to be inserted as follows, to wit:
Pay of government physicians, 3d.
500, as per following monthly schedule
for physicians resident in districts
named:
The Hawaiian gazette., 1905-05-05

We then recommend line 391 on page
%, "Pay of government registers,
$10,0S0.00,'' be stricken out.
Respectfully submitted,
A. n. HAYSELDEN,
Chairman.
J. D. PARIS,
j. X. GANDALL.
] will agree to the above if reduced
one-thiId.
McCANDLESS.
The Hawaiian gazette., 1905-05-05
School
FOR BOYS
VICTORIA, B. C.
VICTORIA. B. C.

Patron and Visitor:
The Loard Bishop of Columbia.
Head Master:
j. w. Laing, Esq, MA, oxford, as
sisted by three graduates of Oxford,
Cambridge and London Universities.
Aims at thoroushness,
sound discipline
and moral training.
Summer term commences April "a.
Christmas term September IL. Prop
erty, five acres; extensive recreation
grounds, tennis lawn, gymnasium,
cadet corps.
Reference in Hawaii Territory, T. s.
Kay, Esq, Kohala.
The Hawaiian gazette., 1905-05-05
MORE THAN ONE SALARY.

Bishop stated that he had seen the
Governor and some heads Of depart
ments about Section 8, "No officer OF
other employee of the Territory hold
ing more than one Office etc, who
had shown how the section as passed
would interfere with the public inter-
ests. In a small district the tax asses
sor might be also the forest ranger and
the school agent, at such nominal sal
aries as $40 a month for each of the
minor ofnees. and if he were prevent
ed from taking such additional Offices
it might be difficult to get anybody else
to accept them at the pay offered. The
speaker moved an amendment to avoid
the difficulty.
Kalama ironically suggested that the
official might do like the school agents
give the extra office to his wife.
Achi said the provision had been on
the statute books for forty years. A
certain "crowd' had insisted on it
when other reople were in office, but
when the former sticklers for the pro.
steers" against it. They should take
their own medicine and not try to
change the law for the sake of giving
Offices to their friends.
The motion was lost, when Bishop
said he had made mistake in wording
it. He now moved to amend the sec
tion to read:
"No officer or other employee Of the
Territory holding more than one office
or employment shall be authorized to
draw more than the salary of the high
est grade of the office or employment
held by him, provided the aggregate
of salaries to any one person shall not
exceed 500 per month, and he shall
be entitled to no other or further COM
pensation.'
The clause replaced by that begin
ming with "provided" was, elf the
salary or pay Of such highest grade of
Office or employment shall amount ia
one hundred dollars or more pei
month";
The amendment carried.
Lane moved to restore the salary of
the registrar general and clerk, Board
of Health, to 1925 month. He and
other members spoke of the day and
night duties of the official, his expos
ure to contagion, etc. Carried.
GOVERNMENT PHYSICIANS.
Hayselden read the following re.
ports of the special committee on sal
aries of government physicians. The
proviso about autopsies was an amend
ment by Dickey accepted after the
reading:
Honolulu, May 8, 1905.
Honorable ID. p. X. Isenberg, President
of the Senate
Sir: Your special committee, to
which was referred the matter of pay
of government physicians, to be in.
serted in Senate Bill No. 2, having In
mind the urgent reasons requiring the
reinstatement of physicians and also
our depressed financial conditions, have
placed the salaries at the very lowest
possible figure, and have combined Ger.
tain districts to still further lessen the
total, and have omitted others.
We recommend the items to be in.
serted as follows:
Pay of government physicians as per
monthly schedule; for physicians resi-.
dent in districts named, who shall act
as agents of the Board of Health in
their several districts, examine the
public schools, attend the INDECENT sick
free of charge, perform the duties of
registrar of births, deaths and mar
riages, and to make free of charge au
topsies for coroners:
The Hawaiian gazette., 1905-05-05
WEST INDIAN SUGAR.

Consul General w. r. Holloway, at
Halifax. Nova Scotia. sends to the de-
partment of Commerce and Labor, an
interview with prominent Halifax
merchant, which he had recently, fol-
chant took through the West Indies.
The merchant is quoted as follows
Trinidad has the largest sugar es-
tate in the British West Indies. the
Madeleine, with a capacity for crush
ing 1900 tons of cane daily and pro-
ducing 40 tons of sugar. The depres-
sion In the sugar trade for 10 many
years has caused a change In cond;-
tons, and land has been let out to
small farmers who bring their cane
to the mills for crushing. Last year
they were able to secure only 9s. ts2-
ID per ton; this year they are getting
las. ($3.4D. Large tracts of land that
hitherto have been lying idle are now
set out in cane. The prospects for
trade and profitable industry In the
West Indies are brighter than for years
There is no reason why Canada should
not get a good share of this trade. and
each connection that we make with the
NcSt tHTOuBH DdnkS Ut
through commerce generally must be
for mutual advantage. At the present
time, outside of yellow crystals, which
are popular in the English markets, the
West Indies sugar finds an almost ex-
elusive market in Canada.
Trinidad is in a position to COM
mand a great part of the trade Of Ven
ezuela, though at present, owing to the
action of President Castro, this trade
is reduced to minimum, IL not alto
gether prohibited. Castro's own coun-
try suffers more than does Trinidad
from this embargo, and the future may
soon work a change"
COSTA RIGA COFFEE.
| Coffee Exports Of Costa Rica" forms
the title of an article, sent to the De-
partment of Commerce and Labor by
United States Vice Consul Caldwell, of
San Jose. He writes as follows:
I'm the following table of exports of
Costa RIGA coffee for the year ended
September 80, 1904, the figures given
under the head in husk' represent net
clean coffee IS per cent allowance for
husk having been deducted in each
case:
Exports of coffee from Costa RIGA to
the several countries during the
year ended September 30, 1904.
The Hawaiian gazette., 1905-05-05
North German Marine Insur'ce Co.
OF BERLIN.
Fortuna General Insurance Co.
OF BERLIN.

The above Insurance Companies have
established a general agency here, and
the undersigned, general agents, are
authorized to take risks against the
dangers OF the sea at the most reason
able rates and on the most favorable
terms.
F. A. sCHAEFER & CO..
General Agenta-
The Hawaiian gazette., 1905-05-05
General Insurance Co. tor Sea
River and Land Transport
Of Dresden.

Having established an agency at Ho-
nolulu and the Hawaiian Islands, the
undersigned general agents are author
ICED to take risks against the dangers
Of the sea at the most reasonable rates
and on the most favorable terms.
r. A. SCHAEFER q &C.,
Agents for the Hawaiian Islands.
The Hawaiian gazette., 1905-05-05
GOVERNMENT PHYSICIANS.

Hayselden read the following re.
ports of the special committee on sal
aries of government physicians. The
proviso about autopsies was an amend.
ment by Dickey accepted after the
reading:
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1905-07-01
The MYSTERY Of
POLAND'S bAST|LE



..s....'-
'ho for q great many women hnd their
MUF 10 the ritudolris marched OF into
D. cab ma driven through the town 10
lhn rulo with the lurtllloulions and the
HuNlUoA
Most prisoners arc taken into the of.
nee NJ the Tenth Pavilion whore they
0Ir searched, photographed and de-.
l1lNod ul their money and any other
,uluoblcs, from watch ~ shirt studs,
Men and women all receive the Same
lDttment, iomno warriors being un.
Known 10 the titudclna fact which adds
tl'illy TO the su1ornga Of women prise
~ helS After being closely Inspected by
'hr Wlrdors, tho prisoners uumo, age
occupation, etc. are entered IN the
I@okN ana be- IL conducted into long,
u.nly lighted corridor onto witch n
number NJ small iron doors open, They
ulc dooH Of the coils,
one ~ these doors N opened, the prIe.
,N'r FOOLS u rough push from hohlnd,
N'hls the olRng Of door ana finds
hlWself IN q narrow den, furnished with
N hod table ana chair ana lighted by
Nmnll barred window high up IN the
Nhll The silence but for the occa-
slonnl tramp Of scutrlcs feet rs me-
wv w WV NlN WV Nll Nhllll'
ana close the bed hard and narrow,
Worse Than all are the two eyes, which
thllng through the Grating IN the door
NAlgh MN day ana nlght an II soolns
no II lhoy look into his very soul, read.
UlR mo secrets he must use all his
hl0glh 10 keep
but lh,rc are other hnrdshins IA 10
uulne No books non letters not clgn.
l''l', not oven tho friendly tick NJ u
Mhlrh breaks the monotony of those
lpnk, unmarked hours and restless
nWhlt Ills WARRIORS treat him Ike a
dog 70 spends hyc minutes daily out.
rae hi9 cen three In n small court and
lNu IN going there ana back This NO
Zoos ON sometimes for two weeks, some.
'lln's Tor ns many months
"INTERROdATEp,"
Thou one nighl when he Nv sleeping
uU'hhl's IN the narrow he'd tho iron
loor IN llung Oncn ana his WAtders tell
nm lo get NJ and drose. Dnged and
ultheVrllod, he follows them through
winding passages ana into u room--thp
,nlt Of room ho might have known
lohg ago, before he went TO the Tenth
PAVILION, His oycs, unused ~ the
STARE, can only take In the details
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1905-07-01

Foley q CO.. chicago originated Honey
and Tar ns q lhroal ana l4ng lancdNi
familiarity NJ folry'H Honey aud Tar
minv limitations are offered Tor the zen.
WinU' XXX fol FOLEYN Honey ana Tar
"Wd refugp any substitute oltored ~ no
other preparation WIN glyc the same sat-
lefortlon II ~ INLAY lnNnllyr. gon'
and delicate persons. foli by Y j, I'M
Drug Cos
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1905-07-01

Mrs Frances H. Gales ~ Missouri VA.
Icy Ia writes ~ have beou eilllclod
with Kidney trouble i've years, bad severe
pains IN my back and a frequent desire 10
urlnatc When riding I CSperonced much
pain over tho region N tho kidneys.
tried nye physicians without benefit ana
then concluded 90 Try Fooyr kidney
cure After taxing three 81 % bottles
was completely curod' Sold by r. j. lllll
DRUG Co
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1905-07-01
WASHINGTON

In his address TO the governors Of
the states, juno n 1889
There are four things which hum.
ply conceive ulr essential 10 Che wolls
holnR ! may even venture ~ say, TO
the oSlslonCo of The United states us
an Independent power
First An nllssoublo union " the
states undor ono federal head,
second'sA sacred regard 10 public
Justice,
ThIld The adoption " proper
peace establishment and,
FomlhaIhc prevalence of that pn.
enc and friendly DISPOSITION among
the people of the United states which
VIII induce them ~ forget their locul
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1905-07-01
Fourth Of July Sayings Of Famous Men.
nnnrrnr nlnnnnrn nnnnhonnruIe

prciudIcos and policies, to mako those
mutual concessions which arc requisite
to the general prosperity ana. lu some
Instances, to sacrifice their individual
advantages 10 the interest Of the conn.
munllS
These are the pillars on which lho
glorious fabric of our lndcponlcuUy
ana national character must O. sOp.
ported Liberty he the basis Nul who.
over would dare 30 op the foundation
or oyorwn the structure. WI0' Wm's
over spcrlous proicNl ho ln1N attempt
ID. wli merit the bllcrou excavations.
ana the yoyorcN punishment which DNn
ho inflicted by his Injured country
DANIEL WEBSTER
address In Congress July a. NlD
now do declare, IN the l0.o of lll
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1905-07-01

mcnts, IN the only true sovereign Of a
lrco people. WhooN or rejects II, does,
Of necessity ny to anarchy or to dcs'
puilrm
HENRY W, GRADY,
The home IN the source Of our ma.
llonuI He Back of the national capitol
ana above u stands tho home Back Of
The president ana above him stands the
cllI2on. what the homo r., this ana
nothing else win tho capitol be- what
the r.l'2cn Wills, lhls and nothing clno
VIII the president be-,
ARCHBISHOP IRELAND,
I'm men flr moro than In matters you
have lhD highest products Of progress,
There is progress only when mon grow
I'm mon YOU have mo potent means 20
determine tho progress ~ the future,
COD hne made men the agents Of proc
gross
GEORGE WILLIAM CURTIS
\ mans country ls not certain area
of land. but n ~ principle. ana pa
lrlolsm ~ loyalty 90 mat principle
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1905-07-01
SECOND EXCUR-
SION NORTH
via Oregon chor, Line.

saturday July lst Greatly reduced
rates 10 northern points, LIBERAL
LIMITS ALLOWED SEQ agents for
mll particulars lNecll0nt Nshlng IN
Idaho streams,
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1905-07-01

Chrlslensens enlarged orchestra,
sallalr sunday July "a, Concert $50
,, m,
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1905-07-01
nAsebhII PLAYER, and Foot Rneers

Louis J. kruger, eX,champion long dls.
vance foot racer Of Germany ana llol.
mnl writes Oct eth 1901 "Durlng my
training ~ eight weeks foot races al Salt
Lake CIV IN Aprll last ! uscd liullardb
ton Therefore, | highly recommend
snow Llnlmcnt 10 all Who are troubled
with sprains, bruises or rheumatism "
r. Boz $40 bottle. sold boy "a G, NJ t.
Dwg Dept n
Deseret evening news. [volume] (Great Salt Lake City [Utah]) 1867-1920, 1905-07-01

llc1r Miss SlgrId Peterson sing My
Heart TO- Thy sweet Voice" Sallalr,
sunday July "a,
The Vinita weekly chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1902-1905, 1905-09-14
WORK AT WILLIE
HALSELL COLLEGE

A eompsteHt cofTA u NoFkmes, On.
der TIE direction Of President Nelson
y b0sily engaged esety aag non get
ting the oa.leep srounds and bulld.
ines reaaY tof school 70 open enc Heek
fsom hest M8ndsy
Fgem foof % hsenell ia ever
RON aud hallway, carpenters aud
painters plasiefem plambew and
pareshaugegs are doing all tlelf
knlaneiip ean accomplish ta rem.
DER the College enc ci tts most mod.
egn and ap.to-date ID the West ard IA
restitution u ahich ale people ef ~.
nlia must sssl proud.
III Prof Nelson. tho College las AZ
i;s head man 81 executive ablliiY
and one Nl.a. when aided q iAc sp.en-
did fAcelty be has called e as assist.
ance. cannot faf 70 attain q hlgh d.
gree ~ sneeess Alrcads nlege inter.
sst II manifested among eur peopla
than usual ard we predict that uien
the pahllr i invited 0nt ~ nnte the
improvement That has leen nfonghf,
as Prof Nelson says tlsef will be
shortly after school OPENS tlAi their
enthusiasm Hillawakeu plsh iefFen'
81 and gnanlmiiy pot knoNn before
A numtef e highly recommended
appllcatloas for the position u music
teacteg are under consideration. bat
astle Presidents mofta is mono bni
the hssi 3 iem Aays aill betAkru up
ll Nieesag tin mnag p0feseHt
The Vinita weekly chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1902-1905, 1905-09-14
GREAT FIRE
IN CHICAGO
An Elevator Containing $50,
600 Bushels Of Grain.


associated Press
chicago sept Tie santa Dc ele.
mior 81 z1th and WOOD streets along
the river controlled bg ilaffis scat.
ten N 60 nas DESTROYED ~ fm %.
taY Luss t1gsha fuuy Insured
TIE Ore S thought % hage started
b. > spanlane0us combesii5u ln q
eileat hln
WILMA aftse minutes ths entire
building AS ii HAme us bulldinH
csutainsa $4,000 bushels e grain.
much q sllsh nn lrte Tie river
F0f fiHs emlen Threatened Ilm.
bsf gaFds - tie tieiultY and 10 pro.
Feui rsHslliaa % lumber fanis Dire q
pl many engines and afs thes aere
snt o. tie seeno
The Vinita weekly chieftain. [volume] (Vinita, Indian Territory [Okla.]) 1902-1905, 1905-09-14
CATHOLICS ATTACK
SALVATION ARMY


Associated Press
Montreal Nsnaaa SEPT French
catholics ii Sd Louis leNa.e suburb
attacked newly established saliva
tlnn Army station there 4nd seriously
injured .ame 81 ths >alFaflauists
s Ne oi the Englsb speaking nsl.
dents went to tie fescae og the saliva.
tieuis,s aad q pitched battle followed
More riaiDg h expected tonight as
fhe Protestant residents are ofganir
ing a. defend ile ~aitatlanisis